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35952352

Prehospital Ultrasound Diagnosis of Massive Pulmonary Embolism by Non-Physicians: A Case Series.

Massive pulmonary embolism (hemodynamically unstable, defined as systolic BP <90 mmHg) has significant morbidity and mortality. Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) has allowed clinicians to detect evidence of massive pulmonary embolism much earlier in the patient's clinical course, especially when patient instability puterized tomography confirmation. POCUS detection of massive pulmonary embolism has traditionally been performed by physicians. This case series demonstrates four cases of massive pulmonary embolism diagnosed with POCUS performed by non-physician prehospital personnel.

35952355

Revival of Ferroelectric Memories Based on Emerging Fluorite-Structured Ferroelectrics.

Over the last few decades, the research on ferroelectric memories has been limited due to their dimensional scalability and patibility plementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The discovery of ferroelectricity in fluorite-structured oxides revived interest in the research on ferroelectric memories, by inducing nanoscale nonvolatility in state-of-the-art gate insulators by minute doping and thermal treatment. The potential of this approach has been demonstrated by the fabrication of sub-30 nm electronic devices. Nonetheless, to realize practical applications, various technical limitations, such as insufficient reliability including endurance, retention, and imprint, as well as large device-to-device-variation, require urgent solutions. Furthermore, such limitations should be considered based on targeting devices as well as applications. Various types of ferroelectric memories including ferroelectric random-access-memory, ferroelectric field-effect-transistor, and ferroelectric tunnel junction should be considered for classical nonvolatile memories as well as emerging puting and processing-in-memory. Therefore, from the viewpoint of materials science, this review covers the recent research focusing on ferroelectric memories from the history of conventional approaches to future prospects.

35952356

Global prevalence of cerebral palsy: A systematic analysis.

To determine trends and current estimates in regional and global prevalence of cerebral palsy (CP).

35952357

Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence During and Postbreastfeeding Cessation Measured by Tenofovir Levels in Hair.

We examined change in antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence after breastfeeding (BF) cessation using hair tenofovir (TFV) concentrations as an objective metric of medication consumption.

35952358

Cryptococcal Antigen Screening and Missed Opportunities for Earlier Diagnosis Among People With HIV and Poor Virologic Control in the Bronx, NY.

There is no established cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) screening guideline for people with HIV who are antiretroviral therapy experienced but have poor virologic control. We assessed factors associated with CrAg screening and describe missed opportunities for earlier testing.

35952360

Systematic Comparison of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Models Identifies a Conserved Highly Plastic Basal Cell State.

Intratumoral heterogeneity and cellular plasticity have emerged as hallmarks of cancer, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). As PDAC portends a dire prognosis, a better understanding of the mechanisms underpinning cellular diversity in PDAC is crucial. Here, we investigated the cellular heterogeneity of PDAC cancer cells across a range of in vitro and in vivo growth conditions using single-cell genomics. Heterogeneity contracted significantly in two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell culture models but was restored upon orthotopic transplantation. Orthotopic transplants reproducibly acquired cell states identified in autochthonous PDAC tumors, including a basal state exhibiting coexpression and coaccessibility of epithelial and mesenchymal genes. Lineage bined with single-cell transcriptomics revealed that basal cells display high plasticity in situ. This work defines the impact of cellular growth conditions on phenotypic diversity and uncovers a highly plastic cell state with the capacity to facilitate state transitions and promote intratumoral heterogeneity in PDAC.

35952361

Visual factors associated with physical activity in schoolchildren.

Physical activity is an essential part of childhood physical and mental development. Recent research identified visual problems associated with a sedentary lifestyle in children in Ireland.

35952363

Carboxylic Acid-Directed Manganese(I)-Catalyzed Regioselective Hydroarylation of Unactivated Alkenes.

A carboxylic acid-directed regioselective hydroarylation reaction of unactivated alkenes with aryl boronic acids was reported. This transformation was enabled by homogeneous manganese catalyst MnBr(CO)

35952364

Strategies for Designing High-Performance Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts at Large Current Densities above 1000 mA cm

The depletion of fossil fuels and rapidly increasing environmental concerns have urgently called for the utilization of clean and sustainable sources for future energy supplies. Hydrogen (H

35952366

Nanofluidic Membranes to Address the Challenges of Salinity Gradient Energy Harvesting: Roles of Nanochannel Geometry and Bipolar Soft Layer.

Researchers are looking for new, clean, and accessible sources of energy due to rising global warming caused by the usage of fossil fuels and the irreversible harm that this does to the environment. Water salinity is one of the newest and most accessible renewable energy sources, which has sparked a lot of interest. Reverse electrodialysis (RED) has been utilized in the past to turn saline water into electricity. NRED, a reverse electrodialysis method utilizing nanofluidics, has gained popularity as nanoscale research advances. Developing and evaluating NRED systems is time-consuming and expensive due to the method's novelty; thus, modeling is required to identify the best locations for implementation and prehend its workings. In this work, we examined the influence of bipolar soft layer and nanochannel geometry on ion transfer and power production simultaneously. To achieve this, the two trumpet and cigarette geometries were coated with a bipolar soft layer so that both negative (type (I)) and positive (type (II)) charges could be positioned in the nanochannel's small aperture. After that, at steady state conditions, the Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) and Navier-Stokes (NS) equations were solved concurrently. The findings revealed that altering the nanochannel coating from type (I) to type (II) alters the channel's selectivity from cations to anions. An approximately 22-fold improvement in energy conversion efficiency was achieved by raising the concentration ratio from 10 to 100 for the type (I) trumpet nanochannel. Type (I) cigarette geometry is advised for maximum power output at low and medium concentration ratios, whereas type (I) trumpet geometry is mended for the maximum power production at high concentration ratios.

35952362

Effectors from a Bacterial Vector-Borne Pathogen Exhibit Diverse Subcellular Localization, Expression Profiles, and Manipulation of Plant Defense.

Climate change is predicted to increase the prevalence of vector-borne disease due to expansion of insect populations. '

35952367

Discovery of the First Selective IDO2 Inhibitor As Novel Immunotherapeutic Avenues for Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (IDO2), a closely related homologue of well-studied immunomodulatory enzyme IDO1, has been identified as a pathogenic mediator of inflammatory autoimmunity in preclinical models. Therapeutic targeting IDO2 in autoimmune diseases has been challenging due to the lack of small-molecule IDO2 inhibitors. Here, based on our previously developed IDO1/IDO2 dual inhibitor, guided by the homology model of the IDO2 structure, we pound

35952368

Comparative Analysis of Glycosylation Affecting Sensitization by Regulating the Cross-Reactivity of Parvalbumins in Turbot (

Parvalbumin (PV) is the mon allergen in fish. Some patients with fish allergy are allergic to only one species of fish but are tolerant to others; however, the underlying mechanism has not been identified. This study showed that three types of glycated fishes' PV showed a similar decrease in immunoglobulin E (IgE) binding. Glycosylation could improve the simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) digestion resistance of fishes' PV. We also discovered that the cross-reactivity between eel and turbot was weaker than that of bass; glycosylation can reduce cross-reactivity between eel/bass and turbot by downregulating Th2 cytokines and upregulating Th1 cytokines as well as downregulating the expression of G-T PV, G-E PV, G-B PV of IL-4 (94.31 ± 3.16, 73.26 ± 0.91, 94.95 ± 3.03 ng/mL), and IL-13 (38.84 ± 0.75, 33.77 ± 0.71, 36.51 ± 0.50 ng/mL) and upregulating the expression of IFN-γ (318.01 ± 3.46, 387.15 ± 3.30, 318.01 ± 4.21 pared with T PV, respectively. This study showed that glycosylation affected sensitization by regulating the cross-reactivity of parvalbumins.

35952369

Design of Polypeptides Self-Assembling into Antifouling Coatings: Exploiting Multivalency.

We propose to exploit multivalent binding of solid-binding peptides (SBPs) for the physical attachment of antifouling polypeptide brushes on solid surfaces. Using a silica-binding peptide as a model SBP, we find that both tandem-repeated SBPs and SBPs repeated in branched architectures implemented via a multimerization domain work very well to improve the binding strength of polypeptide brushes, pared to earlier designs with a single SBP. At the same time, for many of the designed sequences, either the solubility or the yield of binant production is low. For a single design, with the domain structure

35952371

Photoswitchable Diazocine-Based Estrogen Receptor Agonists: Stabilization of the Active Form inside the Receptor.

Photopharmacology is an emerging approach in drug design and pharmacological therapy. Light is used to switch a pharmacophore between a biologically inactive and an active isomer with high spatiotemporal resolution at the site of illness, thus potentially avoiding side effects in neighboring healthy tissue. The most frequently used strategy to design a photoswitchable drug is to replace a suitable functional group in a known bioactive molecule with azobenzene. Our strategy is different in that the photoswitch moiety is closer to the drug's scaffold. Docking studies reveal a very high structural similarity of natural 17β-estradiol and the

35952372

Combining Isoprenoid Probes with Antibody Markers for Mass Cytometric Analysis of Prenylation in Single Cells.

Protein prenylation is an essential post-translational modification that plays a key role in facilitating protein localization. Aberrations in protein prenylation have been indicated in multiple disease pathologies including progeria, some forms of cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. While there are single-cell methods to study prenylation, these methods cannot simultaneously assess prenylation and other cellular changes in plex cell environment. Here, we report a novel method to monitor, at the single-cell level, prenylation and expression of autophagy markers. An isoprenoid analogue containing a terminal alkyne, substrate of prenylation enzymes, was metabolically incorporated into cells in culture. Treatment with a terbium reporter containing an azide functional group, followed by copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, covalently attached terbium ions to prenylated proteins within cells. In addition, simultaneous treatment with a holmium-containing analogue of the reporter, without an azide functional group, was used to correct for non-specific retention at the single-cell level. This procedure patible with other mass cytometric sample preparation steps that use metal-tagged antibodies. We demonstrate that this method reports changes in levels of prenylation petitive and inhibitor assays, while tracking autophagy molecular markers with metal-tagged antibodies. The method reported here makes it possible to track prenylation along with other molecular pathways in single cells plex systems, which is essential to elucidate the role of this post-translational modification in disease, cell response to pharmacological treatments, and aging.

35952374

Regulating Magnetic Behavior of Fe in Hematene by Defects to Improve Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Two-dimensional hematene is earth-abundant and exhibits easy modulation with unique electronic properties, suggesting a promising role as an electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this Letter, we propose a strategy to regulate the magnetic behavior of Fe atoms in hematene by introducing structural defects to enhance its OER activity. Hematene is proved to be thermodynamically stable at electrolyte pH values ≥3 under the OER working potential according to the Pourbaix diagram. Among all the defective structures, the most stable DV

35952373

Biomagnification of Persistent Organic Pollutants from Terrestrial and Aquatic Invertebrates to Songbirds: Associations with Physiochemical and Ecological Indicators.

Biomagnification of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is affected by physiochemical properties of POPs and ecological factors of wildlife. In this study, influences on species-specific biomagnification of POPs from aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates to eight songbird species were investigated. The median concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in birds were 175 to 13 200 ng/g lipid weight (lw) and 62.7 to 3710 ng/g lw, respectively. positions of different invertebrate taxa for songbird species were quantified by quantitative fatty acid signature analysis. Aquatic insects had more contributions of more hydrophobic POPs, while terrestrial invertebrates had more contributions of less hydrophobic PCBs in songbirds. Biomagnification factors (BMFs) and trophic magnification factors had parabolic relationships with log 

35952375

Reconsideration of the Structures of Stemara-13(14)-en-18-ol and Related Diterpene Natural Products: Vinylic Hydrogen Chemical Shifts Are Key.

The reported synthesis of stemara-13(14)-en-18-ol, which revealed that the structure of this natural product was misassigned, prompted an investigation using density functional theory methods into the structural reassignment of this natural product and related diterpenoids extracted from

35952377

Soft, Pressure-Tolerant, Flexible Electronic Sensors for Sensing under Harsh Environments.

Energy-efficient, miniaturized electronic ocean sensors for monitoring and recording various environmental parameters remain a challenge because conventional ocean sensors require high-pressure chambers and seals to survive the large hydrostatic pressure and harsh ocean environment, which usually entail a high-power supply and large size of the sensor system. Herein, we introduce soft, pressure-tolerant, flexible electronic sensors that can operate under large hydrostatic pressure and salinity environments, thereby eliminating the need for pressure chambers and reducing the power consumption and sensor size. Using resistive temperature and conductivity (salinity) sensors as an example for demonstration, the soft sensors are made of lithographically patterned metal thin films (100 nm) encapsulated with soft oil-infused elastomers and tested in a customized pressure vessel with well-controlled pressure and temperature conditions. The resistance of the temperature and pressure sensors increases linearly with a temperature range of 5-38 °C and salinity levels of 30-40 Practical Salinity Unit (PSU), respectively, relevant for this application. Pressure (up to 15 MPa) has shown a negligible effect on the performance of the temperature and salinity sensors, demonstrating their large pressure-tolerance capability. In addition, both temperature and salinity sensors have exhibited excellent cyclic loading behaviors with negligible hysteresis. Encapsulated with our developed soft oil-infused elastomer (PDMS, poly(dimethylsiloxane)), the sensor has shown excellent performance under a 35 PSU salinity water environment for more than 7 months. The soft, pressure-tolerant and noninvasive electronic sensors reported here are suitable for integration with many platforms including animal tags, profiling floats, diving equipment, and physiological monitoring.

35952376

Bioaccessibility of Microplastic-Associated Antibiotics in Freshwater Organisms: Highlighting the Impacts of Biofilm Colonization

Microplastics in the environment can be colonized by microbes capable of forming biofilms, which may act as reactive coatings to affect the bioaccessibility of pollutants in organisms. This study investigated the dynamic evolution of biofilm colonization on microplastics and its impacts and mechanisms on the bioaccessibility of microplastic-associated sulfamethazine (SMT)

35952378

Constrained Layer Assignment for the Protein Burial Folding Code Accounting for Chain Connectivity.

The connection between protein sequences and tertiary structures has intrigued investigators for decades. A plausible hypothesis for the coding scheme postulates that atomic burial information obtainable from the sequence could be sufficient for structural determination bined to sequence-independent constraints. Accordingly, folding simulations using native burial information expressed by atomic central distances, discretized into a small number

35952379

Fingerprints of the Crossing of the Frenkel and Melting Line on the Properties of High-Pressure Supercritical Water.

Using molecular dynamics simulations bination with the two-phase thermodynamic model, we reveal novel characteristic fingerprints of the crossing of the Frenkel and melting line on the properties of high-pressure water at a near-critical temperature (1.03

35952381

Exchange of Adsorbed Pb(II) at the Rutile Surface: Rates and Mechanisms.

The dynamics of Pb(II) at mineral surfaces affect its mobility in the environment. Pb(II) forms inner- and plexes on mineral surfaces, and this adsorbed pool often represents a large portion of the bioaccessible Pb in contaminated soils. To assess the lability of this potentially reactive adsorbed Pb(II) pool at metal oxide surfaces, we performed Pb(II) isotope exchange measurements between dissolved Pb(II) enriched in

35952380

Palladium/Amino Acid Co-catalyzed Atroposelective C-H Olefination to Access Tetra-Ortho-Substituted Atropisomers Featuring 2,2'-Difluoro-1-biaryl Scaffolds.

Despite the great advancement in atroposelective synthesis in the past decades, the enantioselective synthesis of 2,2'-difluoro-1-biaryls is unprecedented. Herein, a palladium and chiral amino acid catalyzed atroposelective C-H olefination to construct the axially chiral 2,2'-difluoro-1-biaryls is reported. A variety of polyfluoro-substituted biaryls were forged under mild conditions in good yields with excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee). The potential application was demonstrated by a gram-scale synthesis and synthetic transformations.

35952382

Characterization of

During May 2016, severe blight symptoms were observed in several raspberry and blackberry fields in Serbia. In total, 22 strains were isolated: 16 from symptomatic raspberry shoots, 2 from asymptomatic raspberry leaves, and 4 from symptomatic blackberry shoots. Additionally, eight raspberry strains, isolated earlier from two similar outbreaks, were included in the study. Pathogenicity of the strains was confirmed on detached raspberry and blackberry shoots by reproducing the symptoms of natural infection. The strains were Gram-negative, fluorescent on King's medium B, ice nucleation positive, and utilized glucose oxidatively. All strains were levan positive, oxidase negative, nonpectolytic, arginine dihydrolase negative, and induced hypersensitivity in tobacco leaves (LOPAT + - - - +,

35952384

Highly Adhesive, Stretchable, and Antifreezing Hydrogel with Excellent Mechanical Properties for Sensitive Motion Sensors and Temperature-/Humidity-Driven Actuators.

Conductive hydrogels as flexible wearable devices have attracted considerable attention due to their mechanical flexibility and intelligent sensing. How to endow more and better performance, such as high self-adhesion, stretchability, and wide application temperature range for traditional hydrogels and flexible sensors is a challenge. Herein, a stretchable, self-adhesive, and antifreezing conductive hydrogel with multiple networks and excellent mechanical properties was prepared by a two-step method for its application in sensitive motion sensors and temperature-/humidity-driven actuators. First, quaternary chitosan (QCS) was introduced into the network of an acrylamide (AM) and 1-vinyl imidazole (VI) copolymer initiated by UV-photoinitiated radical polymerization. Then, the double-network hydrogel was immersed in a FeCl

35952385

Adsorption and Activation of O

We experimentally explored adsorption and activation of O

35952386

Intergenerational Social Mobility and Health in Later Life: Diagonal Reference Models Applied to the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936.

monly used to model associations between intergenerational social mobility and health, linear regression cannot estimate the contributions of origin, destination, and mobility independently. Nonlinear diagonal reference models (DRMs) have e a popular alternative and have been applied to various health es, though few studies examine the impact of social mobility on later-life health.

35952387

Thyroid, Diet, and Alternative Approaches.

Increasingly, patients are asking their physicians about the benefits of dietary and alternative approaches to manage their diseases, including thyroid disease. We seek to review the evidence behind several of the vitamins, plementary medicines, and elimination diets that patients are monly using for the treatment of thyroid disorders.

35952388

Louki Zupa decoction attenuates the airway inflammation in acute asthma mice induced by ovalbumin through IL-33/ST2-NF-κB/GSK3β/mTOR signalling pathway.

Asthma is mon respiratory system disease. Louki Zupa decoction (LKZP), a traditional Chinese medicine, presents a promising efficacy against lung diseases.

35952389

Study on the biological mechanism of urolithin a on nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Urolithin A (UroA) can inhibit the growth of many human cancer cells, but it has not be reported if UroA inhibits nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells.

35952390

The Impact of Smoking Status and Smoking-Related Comorbidities on Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patient Outcomes: A Causal Mediation Analysis.

Smoking history is a known risk factor for significant chronic diseases as well as pulmonary infections; however, the impact of smoking status on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) es has not been conclusively characterized. This study aims to evaluate the association of smoking status on COVID-19 es, and to explore the mechanism by which smoking and orbidities relate to COVID-19 es.

35952391

A perinuclear calcium compartment regulates cardiac myocyte hypertrophy.

The pleiotropic Ca

35952393

Kick-starting youth wellbeing and access to mental health care: Efficacy of an integrated model of care within a junior sports development program.

One productive avenue for building adolescents' personal strengths and reducing mental health problems is integrating assessment and intervention into organised sports programs. We investigated the efficacy of the RISE program, a rugby league development program for 12- to 15-year-old boys, which integrated a mental health and wellbeing system called Life-Fit-Learning. The Life-Fit System is designed to measure youth's strengths and mental health symptoms and sends mental health feedback to parents, provides group-based workshops, connects youth and parents to online psychoeducation resources, and provides individual telephone follow-up and referral with parents of youth at high-risk for mental health problems. In this study, mental health and wellbeing es pared in participants who did (RISE, N = 94) and did not (Comparison, N = 82) receive the RISE/Life-Fit-Learning program. RISE players reported their self-satisfaction, grit, gratitude, prosocial behaviour, anxiety, depression, and behavioural problems using the Life-Fit System pre- and post-program. Comparison pleted measures twice, 6-months apart. Self-satisfaction did not change in RISE participants but declined parison participants. In both groups, 26% of players scored in the high-risk range on at least one mental health measure. On mental health measures, high-risk RISE players' depression and behavioural problems improved from pre-to post-program relative to no change among Comparison players. Among participants who were not high-risk, RISE players' anxiety, depression, and behavioural problems did not change whereas Comparison players' behavioural problems increased significantly. Results underscore the value of integrating strengths-based interventions and targeting youth mental health problems within the context of junior sports development programs.

35952392

Swallowing and Motor Speech Skills in Unilateral Cerebral Palsy: Novel Findings From a Preliminary Cross-Sectional Study.

Our purpose was to start examining clinical swallowing and motor speech skills of school-age children with unilateral cerebral palsy pared to typically developing children (TDC), how these skills relate to each other, and whether they are predicted by clinical/demographic data (age, birth history, lesion type, etc.).

35952395

A computational study on the basis for a safe speed limit for bicycles on shared paths considering the severity of pedestrian head injuries in bicyclist-pedestrian collisions.

Bicyclists and pedestrians are two large vulnerable groups of road users. Many cities have allowed cyclists to share space with pedestrians on footpaths and off-road paths to reduce conflict with motor vehicles. The risk of bicyclist-pedestrian accidents is also increasing accordingly. Therefore, there is a need to understand the factors that affect the risk of injury in such accidents, especially to pedestrians who are considered more vulnerable. This paper presents a detailed investigation of bicyclist-pedestrian collisions and possible injury es. The study has considered five levels of collision speed ranging from 10 km/h to 30 km/h, three pedestrian profiles (adult, child, and elderly) differentiated by their weight and height, three bicycles with different masses, and five impact directions. The bicyclist-pedestrian collision simulations have been analyzed based on four metrics: throw distance, peak head velocity on impact with the ground, head injury criterion (HIC) value, and the probability of severe head injury. For each simulation, the throw distance and peak head velocity on impact with the ground are extracted. Following that, the HIC and the probability of severe head injury to pedestrians puted. The results show a significant effect of collision speed (p < 0.05) on all four metrics. The analysis has been further extended to study the effect of height and weight profile, bicycle mass, and impact directions on bicyclist-pedestrian collisions. According to the results, the impact directions largely influence the e of bicycle-pedestrian collisions. In general, direct impacts on pedestrian body center have been found to yield higher HIC values and probability of severe head injury to pedestrians than off-center impacts. Also, video analysis of simulated collisions has suggested that the accident mechanism depends on weight and height profiles (correlated with different age groups) and impact directions. Finally, mendations have been proposed based on the study, including a speed limit of not more than 12 km/h for bicyclists on narrow shared paths and footpaths where risks of collisions with pedestrians are high. The results and analysis presented could be helpful for developing legislation to minimize conflicts between bicyclists and pedestrians on shared paths and to reduce potential injury to pedestrians.

35952394

Redox partner adrenodoxin alters cytochrome P450 11B1 ligand binding and inhibition.

Human cytochrome P450 11B1 (CYP11B1) generation of the major glucocorticoid cortisol requires two electrons delivered sequentially by the iron‑sulfur protein adrenodoxin. While the expected adrenodoxin binding site is on the opposite side of the heme and 15-20 Å away, evidence is provided that adrenodoxin allosterically impacts CYP11B1 ligand binding and catalysis. The presence of adrenodoxin both decreases the dissociation constant (K

35952396

Passion and risk of addiction in experienced female yoga practitioners.

Yoga is a popular leisure activity and health practice worldwide, especially among women. It could e a long-term lifestyle involving passion, but, like other exercises, it may e addictive. While exercise addiction is widely studied, addiction to yoga remains unexplored. In this cross-sectional study, we examined 215 highly experienced women who practiced yoga for at least three years and at least twice weekly. We scrutinized harmonious passion (HP), obsessive passion (OP), risk of exercise addiction (REA), and various yoga-related measures. Only 2/215 (0.93%) of the sample were at REA. Reported HP, OP, feeling guilty when missing a yoga session, and the tendency to practice yoga when injured predicted the REA by accounting for 42% of the variance. Yogis who regularly practiced pranayama (breathing exercises) scored higher on HP, weekly yoga practice, and posting messages on social media than those who never or seldom used breath regulation. Participants choose yoga primarily for health and social reasons. The posting of yoga-related messages on social media was positively related to HP, OP, REA, and frequency of practice. The conclusions of this study are 1) the REA among experienced female yogis is negligible, 2) HP is higher in yoga forms that involve pranayama, 3) yoga practice is primarily related to health and social factors, and 4) a more intense passion for yoga is related to more frequent social media activities.

35952397

Effect of Video Augmentative and Alternative Communication Technology on Communication During Play With Peers for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at risk for exclusion from play with their peers due to difficulty munication skills. Video augmentative and munication (AAC) technology has the potential to munication within the context of play using videos with integrated visual scene displays. This study investigated the effect of a video AAC intervention on the number of turns in which children with ASD demonstrated munication during interactions with a peer without disabilities. Maintenance of skills, generalization to untrained play scenarios, and stakeholder perceptions of the video AAC technology were also investigated.

35952398

PSMA-targeted NIR probes for image-guided detection of prostate cancer.

Tumour-targeted near-infrared (NIR) optical imaging is an emerging tool for the detection of malignant tissues. This modality can be useful in both diagnosis and intraoperative visualisation, to help defining tumour margins and allow a more precise removal of all the cancerous mass during surgery. In this context, we have developed a series of NIR fluorescent probes that target the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), an established biomarker overexpressed in prostate cancer. Four new NIR imaging agents were prepared by conjugating the well-known urea-based PSMA targeting module to the NIR fluorophore Cy7.5, with linkers of 7, 10, 17 and 24 atoms. The affinity of each probe for PSMA was assessed petitive binding and IC

35952399

4,6-Disubstituted-1H-Indazole-4-Amine derivatives with immune-chemotherapy effect and in vivo antitumor activity.

Tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) and indoleamine-2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) are the important tumor immune checkpoints and TDO and IDO1 inhibition may present a potential approach to activate the T cell-mediated antitumor immune response during cancer treatment. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of nitro-aryl 1H-indazole derivatives. SARs analysis showed that the nitro-aryl at the C-4 position of 1H-indazole was beneficial for TDO inhibition and directly tumoricidal effect and the substituents at C-6 position of 1H-indazole significantly affected the activity and selectivity of IDO1/TDO. Among these derivatives, HT-28 and HT-30 demonstrated nanomolar potency and excellent selectivity against TDO with IC

35952400

Design, synthesis and neurite outgrowth activity of novel ganglioside GM1 derivatives by remodeling of the fatty acid moiety.

Ganglioside GM1 is a glycosphingolipid found on mammalian cell membranes, and it is involved in ischemic encephalopathy, spinal cord injury and neurodegenerative diseases. Fatty acids, as a structure module of GM1, have been reported to affect its physiological function and neurite growth activity. Due to the limitation of preparation methods, the function of GM1 derivatives containing different fatty acids in nerve cells has not been systematically studied. To discover novel GM1 derivatives as nerve growth-promoting agents, we developed an efficient SA_SCDase enzymatic synthetic system of GM1 derivatives, yielding twenty GM1 derivatives with unsaturated fatty acid chains in high total yields (16-67%). Subsequently, the neurite outgrowth activities of GM1 derivatives were assessed on Neuro2a Cells. Among all the GM1 derivatives, GM1 (d18:1/C16:1) induced demonstrably neurite outgrowth activity. The subsequent RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and Western blot analysis was then performed and indicated that the mechanism of nerve cells growth involved cholesterol biosynthesis regulation by up-regulating SREBP2 expression or ERBB4 phosphorylation to activate the PI3K-mTOR pathway.

35952401

Intelligent triggering of nanomicelles based on a ROS-activated anticancer prodrug and photodynamic therapy (PDT)-synergistic therapy for lung cancers.

The intelligent triggering of drug release at targeted sites is essential for the safety and efficacy of cancer therapies. This study aimed to design and synthesize a novel prodrug (DHA-S-CA) using a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive moiety, thioacetal, to bridge cinnamaldehyde (CA) and dihydroartemisinin (DHA). As ROS are highly expressed in tumor tissues, the design uses the ROS-responsive moiety as an effective target for the nanodrug delivery system. Furthermore, the near-infrared dye IR808 and the prodrug were adopted to prepare co-loaded Soluplus®/TPGS nanomicelles (IR808/DHA-S-CA NMs). The photosensitized agent IR808 exhibited both tumor accumulation and cancer imaging properties while generating ROS during laser irradiation. Intracellular ROS detection indicated that the prodrug DHA-S-CA could degrade via the high concentration of ROS in cancer cells induced by laser irradiation, and the released CA stimulated mitochondria to regenerate additional ROS to further improve the antitumor effect of DHA. Combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT), IR808/DHA-S-CA (+) NMs outperformed free DHA, DHA NMs, and IR808/DHA-S-CA (-) in parison of their pharmacokinetic profiles because it had a longer circulation time and a greater area under the curve (AUC). Compared with other DHA groups, the ROS-responsive IR808/DHA-S-CA (+) micelles parable cytotoxic activity. Furthermore, the ROS-responsive IR808/DHA-S-CA (+) micelles exhibited markedly higher anticancer efficiency on lung cancer cells than the other DHA groups. Overall, these results indicated that the therapeutic strategy of our novel small-molecule bined with PDT has great potential for the treatment of tumors.

35952403

Adjuvant chemotherapy could improve the survival of pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Complete surgical removal is currently considered to be the best treatment option for pulmonary atoid carcinoma (PSC) especially in early stage operable disease; however, the reported recurrence-free survival is low. Benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy in PSC patients are still controversial, and there is no obvious agreement on the optimal treatment modalities of this disease. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prognosis in terms of overall survival (OS) in patients with PSC who received adjuvant chemotherapy.

35952402

Racial disparities in treatments and mortality among a large population-based cohort of older men and women with colorectal cancer.

There were racial disparities in treatment and mortality among patients with colorectal cancer, but few studies incorporated information on hypertension and diabetes and their treatment status.

35952405

Educational Environments and Secondary School Outcomes Among Students Who Are D/deaf and Hard of Hearing in Special Education.

The purpose of this study is to provide updated national estimates on the annual number, educational environments, and secondary school es of students who are D/deaf and hard of hearing (D/HH) receiving special education (SpEd) and related services in the United States.

35952406

Do neurosteroids have impact on depression and cognitive functions in cases with acromegaly?

Neurosteroids (NSs) are a distinct hormone group and, they are known for their contribution into the status of mood and cognitive functions. Whether they are also involved in the mood disturbances and cognition in acromegaly is not known. Herein we aimed to evaluate the relation of mood status and cognitive functions with the NS levels in cases with acromegaly.

35952408

Locomotion training contributes to 6-month-old infants' mental rotation ability.

This study investigated whether a otion training contributes to mental rotation performance in infants. Thirty 6-month-old otor infants were randomly assigned to either a otion training or a control group which received no training. The general status of motor and cognitive development measured with the Bayley Scales did not differ between the 2 groups. Mental rotation pared before and after the trainings using a mental rotation task in which infants were habituated to a rotating object and then tested with the same habituation object presented in a previously unseen angle and the corresponding mirror object. Results revealed that only infants in the otion training group showed a significant change in their looking durations at the test objects (habituation vs. mirror) in the mental rotation task. This suggests that self-produced otion experience can affect infants' mental rotation.

35952407

Context-specific functions of transcription factors controlling plant development: From leaves to flowers.

Plant development is regulated by transcription factors that often act in more than one process and stage of development. Yet the molecular mechanisms that govern the functional diversity and specificity of these proteins remains far from understood. Flower development provides an ideal context to study these mechanisms since the development of distinct floral organs depends on similar but binations of transcriptional regulators. Recent work also highlights the importance of leaf polarity regulators as additional key factors in flower initiation, floral organ morphogenesis, and possibly floral organ positioning. A detailed understanding of how these factors work bination will enable us to address outstanding questions in flower development including how distinct shapes and positions of floral organs are generated. Experimental approaches puter-based modeling will be required to characterize gene-regulatory networks at the level of single cells.

35952409

A frequency-swept, longitudinal detection EPR system for measuring short electron spin relaxation times at ultra-low fields.

A frequency-swept longitudinal detection (LOD) EPR system is described for ultra-low field spectroscopy and relaxometry. With the capability of performing simultaneous transmit and receive with -80 dB isolation, this LOD-EPR can capture signals with decay constants in the nanosecond range and in theory even sub-nanosecond range, at fields close to the earth's magnetic field. The theoretical principles underlying this LOD-EPR are based on a fictitious field that accounts for the Z-axis magnetization polarized by a radiofrequency field alone. The electron spin relaxation time is obtained directly from a previously derived equation that describes the relationship between the relaxation time and the spectral peak position. Herein, the first frequency-swept LOD-EPR system is described in detail, along with experimental measurements of the short relaxation time (∼30 ns) of the free radical, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, at zero to low field.

35952410

Disability as Diversity: Educational Opportunities for Family Medicine.

Disability is an aspect of diversity that often receives less attention in healthcare and medical education than other aspects of diversity, such as gender or race. Approximately one in four Americans has some type of disability, and individuals with disabilities have less access to healthcare, greater dissatisfaction with their healthcare, and report being in poorer health than individuals without a disability. Although many factors likely contribute to these disparities, physician perception and understanding of disability have been examined as potential pathways that influence health inequity. It is important to incorporate disability as a form of diversity in family medicine education to train physicians that provide excellent care to patients with disabilities and work toward equitable healthcare for them. In this article, we review definitions and data related to disability. We examine disparities and forms of stigmatization toward individuals with disabilities. We then present scenarios in the context of family medicine residency education that involve stigmatization of a person with a disability. Following each scenario, we identify the stigmatizing problem and its potential impact on the individual with a disability. In addition, we outline a potential intervention as an individual witnessing this scenario, and an alternative, non-stigmatizing approach to the scenario. Finally, we present proposed petencies on disability for health care education and potential strategies to incorporate petencies into family medicine curricula.

35952412

The role of the biogas slurry microbial communities in suppressing fusarium wilt of cucumber.

The clarification of the suppressive effect of biogas slurries (BSs) on soil-borne plant pathogens is needed for their large-scale use as a biocontrol tool in potting soil in order to understand the mechanisms of suppression. In this study, pig manure biogas slurry (PS) and vinasse biogas slurry (VS) were used to conduct assays of pathogen mycelial growth suppression and pot experiment to evaluate their effects on the growth of Fusarium. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (FOC) mycelia and cucumber fusarium wilt. The munities of the PS and VS were deeply analyzed to explore the key taxa and potential mechanisms. Results showed that the PS and VS have similar suppression on FOC mycelia and on the control efficiency, while they were significantly weakened when the PS and VS were used after sterilization. The microbial parameters of the two BSs were obviously different, and functional microbial taxa for disease resistance were observed in the two BSs. Spearman correlation showed that genera of the Pseudomonas, Ochrobactrum, Papiliotrema, etc., were the suppression-related taxa in the PS, while Leucobacter, unclassified_Microbacteriaceae, etc. in the VS. Overall, various key taxa in the PS and VS produced similar suppression on cucumber fusarium wilt.

35952411

Progress of chiral ligand-exchange capillary electrophoresis for enantioseparation.

Chiral ligand exchange capillary electrophoresis (CLE-CE) has e an area of tremendous interest in chiral separation science, particularly in life science and pharmaceutical, due to its notable simplicity, tunable migration order, and outstanding performance. This approach effectively separates enantiomers in drugs, food products and bio-samples. Nevertheless, the main challenges in CLE-CE are the limited chiral ligand-species, unclear mechanism of thermodynamic enantioseparation and unsatisfactory enantioseparation efficiency, which restrict its applications. Designing desirable chiral ligand-species and exploring profitable central metal ions are considered to be efficient strategies for addressing these obstacles, which can improve the performance of CLE-CE and expand its application in living bio-systems. This review introduces the concept of desirable chiral ligand species and highlights the latest CLE-CE research in the last decade, with special emphasis on boosting its enantioseparation efficiency and expanding its cutting-edge application. Moreover, further research in the CLE-CE field is prospected.

35952413

Recycling different textile wastes for methane production: Morphological and microstructural changes and microbial community dynamics.

The dramatic increase of textile wastes has e a major global concern, which calls for alternative practices to alleviate severe environmental pollution and waste of resources due to their improper disposal and management. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly technology that allows the bioconversion of organic wastes into clean energy (methane), which might be potentially useful for recycling textile wastes. In this study, AD was applied to monly available textile wastes in daily life to explore their feasibility, along with the methane production efficiency, biodegradability (B

35952414

Effect of support type and crystal form of support in the catalytic gasification of old corrugated containers using Fe-based catalysts.

Catalytic gasification of old corrugated containers with Fe-based catalysts is a promising way to produce renewable H

35952415

What strategies facilitate & support the successful transition of newly qualified midwives into practice: An integrative literature review.

The aim of this review was to identify strategies that facilitate newly qualified midwives to transition successfully from midwifery student to petent practitioner.

35952417

Intentional weight loss and mortality in middle-aged and older adults: A narrative review.

The literature on the association between intentional weight loss and mortality rates has yielded controversial results, especially when es to older groups. The aim of the present narrative review was the critical evaluation of studies exploring the association between intentional weight loss and mortality in middle-aged and older adults (i.e., those aged 50 years or more). The majority of the longitudinal studies identified concluded that losing weight intentionally is not associated with mortality in middle-aged and older adults. However, when es to younger adults at the recruitment point, the studies have yielded more mixed results. In any case, more well-designed longitudinal studies and randomized clinical trials are needed in the area, with long follow-up periods and taking into account the underlying disease states.

35952418

Shape constrained CNN for segmentation guided prediction of myocardial shape and pose parameters in cardiac MRI.

Semantic segmentation using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is the state-of-the-art for many medical image segmentation tasks including myocardial segmentation in cardiac MR images. However, the predicted segmentation maps obtained from such standard CNN do not allow direct quantification of regional shape properties such as regional wall thickness. Furthermore, the CNNs lack explicit shape constraints, occasionally resulting in unrealistic segmentations. In this paper, we use a CNN to predict shape parameters of an underlying statistical shape model of the myocardium learned from a training set of images. Additionally, the cardiac pose is predicted, which allows to reconstruct the myocardial contours. The integrated shape model regularizes the predicted contours and guarantees realistic shapes. We enforce robustness of shape and pose prediction by simultaneously performing pixel-wise semantic segmentation during training and define two loss functions to impose consistency between the two predicted representations: one distance-based loss and one overlap-based loss. We evaluated the proposed method in a 5-fold cross validation on an in-house clinical dataset with 75 subjects and on the ACDC and LVQuan19 public datasets. We show that the two newly defined loss functions successfully increase the consistency between shape and pose parameters and semantic segmentation, which leads to a significant improvement of the reconstructed myocardial contours. Additionally, these loss functions drastically reduce the occurrence of unrealistic shapes in the semantic segmentation output.

35952416

Study of scaling problem in the region of tata (Morocco): Analysis of the elemental composition, crystalline phases, and morphologies of scale deposition in water installations.

In the region of Tata (southeast of Morocco), groundwater is the only resource for drinking and agriculture. However, the formation of mineral deposits, known as scaling, inside groundwater distribution networks and household facilities is significantly observed in this oasis area. This phenomenon leads to technical problems and substantial economic losses. The present study aims to perform plete analysis of the natural scale extracted from the obstructed pipes in Tata city. Physicochemical analyses of water are first carried out. The position, crystalline phases, and morphologies of the extracted scale are then characterized by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy bined with an EDXS (Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy) analytical techniques. The results of physicochemical analyses reveal that Tata's groundwater is a very hard-brackish type of water and mainly dominated by Ca

35952419

Transformer-based unsupervised contrastive learning for histopathological image classification.

A large-scale and well-annotated dataset is a key factor for the success of deep learning in medical image analysis. However, assembling such large annotations is very challenging, especially for histopathological images with unique characteristics (e.g., gigapixel image size, multiple cancer types, and wide staining variations). To alleviate this issue, self-supervised learning (SSL) could be a promising solution that relies only on unlabeled data to generate informative representations and generalizes well to various downstream tasks even with limited annotations. In this work, we propose a novel SSL strategy called semantically-relevant contrastive learning (SRCL), pares relevance between instances to mine more positive pairs. Compared to the two views from an instance in traditional contrastive learning, our SRCL aligns multiple positive instances with similar visual concepts, which increases the diversity of positives and then results in more informative representations. We employ a hybrid model (CTransPath) as the backbone, which is designed by integrating a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a multi-scale Swin Transformer architecture. The CTransPath is pretrained on massively unlabeled histopathological images that could serve as a collaborative local-global feature extractor to learn universal feature representations more suitable for tasks in the histopathology image domain. The effectiveness of our SRCL-pretrained CTransPath is investigated on five types of downstream tasks (patch retrieval, patch classification, weakly-supervised whole-slide image classification, mitosis detection, and colorectal adenocarcinoma gland segmentation), covering nine public datasets. The results show that our SRCL-based visual representations not only achieve state-of-the-art performance in each dataset, but are also more robust and transferable than other SSL methods and ImageNet pretraining (both supervised and self-supervised methods). Our code and pretrained model are available at

35952420

Comparative study of deep learning algorithms for atomic force microscopy image denoising.

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) enables direct visualisation of surface topography at the nanoscale. However, post-processing is generally required to obtain accurate, precise, and reliable AFM images owing to the presence of image artefacts. In this study, pared and analysed state-of-the-art deep learning models, namely MPRNet, HINet, Uformer, and Restormer, with respect to denoising AFM images containing four types of noise. Specifically, these algorithms' denoising performance and inference time on AFM images pared with those of conventional methods and previous studies. Through parative analysis, we found that the most efficient and the most effective models were Restormer and HINet, respectively. The code, models, and data used in this work are available at

35952421

The influence of weaning age and biocholine supplementation to post-weaning growth and puberty in Brangus heifers.

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of earlier weaning in addition to biocholine supplementation on age at puberty of Brangus heifers. Brangus calves were randomized and divided into three weaning ages groups, at 30 (Hyper-early weaning; HW), 75 (Early weaning; EW) and 180 days (Conventional weaning; CW). Then, calves were supplemented using the additive Biocholine (BIO) or not (CON). Animals were subjected to puberty induction and the presence of estrus was observed for 7 days. In addition, transrectal ultrasonography was performed to assess the ovarian activity and the presence of corpus luteum to determine heifer puberty. We also evaluated the body weight (BW; Kg), hip height (HH; cm), thoracic perimeter (TP; cm) and BW:HH ratio during the experimental period. BIO group showed higher ADG (>226 g/day) when the animals were exposed to ryegrass pared to CON (P < 0.05). We observed an interaction between weaning x biocholine and CW-BIO heifers showed greater HH pared to CW-CON (P < 0.05). Overall, animals that have reached puberty at day 8 after puberty induction showed 331.0 ± 5.04 kg BW, 122.0 ± 0.56 cm HH and 165.4 ± 0.75 cm TP and 2.7 ± 0.03 BW:HH. At the time of ovulation detection, the heifers from the HW group had 32.1 kg BW, 3.93 cm HH and 0.18 cm BW:HH pared to CW (P < 0.05). The BIO supplementation together with ryegrass pasture, led to an increase in ADG weight throughout the evaluated period. We concluded that HW heifers showed an adequate body development throughout the experimental period until puberty appearance at the same age as others weaned groups.

35952422

Intranasal instillation of Pasteurella multocida lipopolysaccharide in rabbits causes interstitial lung damage.

In order to characterize the in vivo lesions in the nasal cavities and lungs, twenty-eight rabbits were intranasally instilled with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from P. multocida and then divided into seven groups according to euthanasia time. The nasal cavities and the lungs were processed for light microscopy, lectin histochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Increased goblet cell activation and neutrophil infiltration were relevant changes in the nasal cavity. A predominantly interstitial pattern of diffuse alveolar damage and bronchopneumonic foci were the main lesions found in the lungs. LPS was found in the cytoplasm of ciliated cells, goblet cells, glandular cells, venular endothelial cells and neutrophils in the nasal cavity and in club cells, capillary endothelial cells and neutrophil in the lung. This study demonstrates that the LPS is able to cause lesions in the upper and lower respiratory tract, it binds to and is internalized by respiratory epithelial cells. Furthermore, it also traverses the intercellular spaces to reach the blood vessels, where it binds to and is internalized by neutrophil and red blood cells. These cells may then travel to the lungs where the LPS induces typical diffuse alveolar damage. This route of lung interstitial damage, to our knowledge, has not been described for this molecule or any known pathogen.

35952424

Profiling of lipid mediators in atherosclerotic carotid plaques from type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients.

Diabetes is associated with an accelerated development of atherosclerosis. Specific mechanisms related to diabetes and hyperglycemia may play a role in this process. In particular, alterations of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism have been reported. Our main goal was to investigate for differences in the concentration of LTB4 and RvD1 as well as selected cyclooxygenase-derived mediators in carotid plaques from diabetic and non-diabetic patients. We also aimed to analyze the relationship between omega 6 and omega 3 Poly-Unsaturated Fatty acids (PUFAs) content in the plaques and the concentrations of these lipid mediators.

35952423

North East India medicinal plants database (NEI-MPDB).

The rich biodiversity of North East India is one of the recognized biodiversity hotspots of the world. This prises of eight states (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, and Tripura) with diverse munities having invaluable traditional knowledge/practices, passed through genesis. The medicinal plants in this region are rich in natural products/phytochemicals and have been used extensively by pharmaceutical industries. The present study is an attempt to develop prehensive resource of the medicinal plants with a quantitative analysis of the phytochemicals which can enhance knowledge on therapeutic indications and contribute in drug discovery and development. The database is a collection of 561 unique prising of 9225 phytochemicals. The physiochemical properties of the phytochemicals were analyzed using indigenous python scripts whereas for the ADMET properties, open access servers were used. The data available in NEI-MPDB will help to connect the cutting-edge approach of various research groups and will help to translate the information into economic wealth by the pharmaceutical industries. The database is openly accessible at

35952425

Mother-infant co-regulation from 0 to 2 years: The role of copy behaviors. A systematic review.

The purpose of this review was twofold: (1) to examine how copy behaviors (CB) have been studied in mother-infant natural interactions from 0 to 24 months, and (2) to determine to what extent they can be considered co-regulation processes between both members of the dyad. To do this, 36 studies published between 1975 and 2021 were systematically examined, classified and discussed. The analyzed evidence showed that CB in spontaneous mother-infant interactions have been examined under different perspectives, that such behaviors might be differentially classified as distinct modes of copying according to their traits and, lastly, that CB operate as social facilitators that foster the co-regulation of both affects and behaviors and direct mothers and infants, most of the times, towards a mutual sense of interpersonal matching that adds quality to their interactions.

35952426

Evaluating the efficacy and safety of a novel prophylactic nasal spray in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multi-centre, double blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial.

Background The COVID-19 pandemic continues to munities all over the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the test agent as a prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2 infection in a population of high-risk healthcare workers. Methods The study was a multi-centre, prospective, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Key eligibility criteria included absence of significant co-morbidity and no previous SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. Participants were randomised to either the active agent nasal spray or placebo puter generated random number tables. The nasal spray was administered 3 times daily over a 45 day course. The primary end point was the percentage of subjects who tested positive for IgGS (anti-spike, immunoglobulin G specific to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2) at day 45. Results Between 16th April 2021 and 26th July 2021, 556 participants were analysed for the primary endpoint (275 Test; 281 Placebo). The test agent significantly reduced SARS-CoV-2 pared to placebo [36 cases (13.1%) Vs 97 cases (34.5%); OR 0.29 (95% CI; 0.18-0.45), p < 0.0001]. Fewer clinical symptoms were also seen in the test group [57 cases (17.6%) vs 112 cases (34.6%); OR 0.40, (95% CI; 0.27-0.59), p < 0.0001]. No harmful effects were associated with taking the test agent. Conclusion The test agent significantly reduced SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers, with 62% fewer infections pared to placebo. It was found to be safe and well tolerated and offers a novel treatment option for prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

35952427

Revealing the toxicity of monovalent and trivalent thallium to medaka fish in controlled exposure conditions.

Thallium (Tl) is a rare earth element increasingly being used in high-technology manufacturing. It is also an emerging pollutant with high exposure and toxicity risks to aquatic ecosystems. Tl exists in the environment in a monovalent [thallous, Tl(I)] or trivalent [thallic, Tl(III)] state. Currently, the stability of the two Tl species in natural water is uncertain and the toxicity in algae and daphnia are inconsistent due to lack of robust characterization of Tl species and matrix effects, while studies with fish are sparse. In this study, larvae of medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) were dosed with environmentally relevant concentrations of Tl(I) or Tl(III) spiked into synthetic and natural river water for 7 days to observe the toxic effects of two Tl species on fish. The transformation of Tl(I) and Tl(III) in water was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma and mass spectrometry. Analytical and toxicity results showed that Tl(I) is more stable presenting higher mortality and bioconcentration in medaka than Tl(III) in different water matrices. Tl(I)-induced LC

35952428

Dietary exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics impairs fasting-induced lipolysis in adipose tissue from high-fat diet fed mice.

The health concerns of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) surge, but the key indicators to evaluate the adverse risks of MPs/NPs are elusive. Recently, MPs/Ps were found to disturb glucose and lipid metabolism in rodents, suggesting that MPs/NPs may play a role in obesity progression. In this study, we firstly demonstrated that the distribution of fluorescent polystyrene nanoplastics (nPS, 60 nm) white adipose tissue (WAT) of mice. Furthermore, nPS could traffic across adipocytes in vitro and reduced lipolysis under β-adrenergic stimulation in adipocytes in vitro and ex vivo. Consistently, chronic oral exposure to nPS at the dietary exposure relevant concentrations (3 and 223 μg/kg body weight) impaired fasting-induced lipid mobilization in obese mice and subsequently contributed to larger adipocyte size in the subcutaneous WAT. In addition, the chronic exposure of nPS induced macrophage infiltration in the small intestine and increased lipid accumulation in the liver, accelerating the disruption of systemic metabolism. Collectively, our findings highlight the potential obesogenic role of nPS via diminishing lipid mobilization in WAT of obese mice and suggest that lipolysis relevant parameters may be used for evaluating the adverse effect of MPs/NPs in clinics.

35952429

Single-atom Ru loaded on layered double hydroxide catalyzes peroxymonosulfate for effective E. coli inactivation via a non-radical pathway: Efficiency and mechanism.

The Fenton-like processes are considered to be one of the most promising strategies for inactivating bacteria due to their capacity to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, a catalytic system for efficient inactivation of Escherichia coli (E. coli) was developed by anchoring single-atom Ru on layered double hydroxides (LDH). The Ru/NiFe-LDH catalyst showed excellent performance in activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to inactivate E. coli. Under bined action of the ultra-low concentrations of Ru/NiFe-LDH (40 mg/L) and PMS (5 mg/L), 7 log E. coli can be totally inactivated within 90 s. This was attributed to bined effect of single-atom Ru adsorption to E. coli and the ROS produced in situ. Mechanism studies indicated that the

35952430

Engineering DNAzyme strategies for fluorescent detection of lead ions based on RNA cleavage-propelled signal amplification.

Based on the high recognition ability and flexible programmability of GR5 DNAzyme, two fluorescent biosensors were engineered for amplified detection of Pb

35952433

Accelerated antibiotic susceptibility testing of pseudomonas aeruginosa by monitoring extracellular electron transfer on a 3-D paper-based cell culture platform.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most important opportunistic pathogen leading to serious and life-threatening infections, especially in promised patients. Because of its remarkable capacity to resist antibiotics, the selection of the right antibiotics with the exact dose for the appropriate duration is critical to effectively treat the infections and prevent antibiotic resistance. Although conventional genotypic and phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) methods have been dramatically advanced, they have suffered from many technical and operational issues as a generalized antibiotic stewardship program. Furthermore, given that most microbial infections are caused by their biofilms, the existing AST methods do not provide evidence-based antibiotic prescribing guidance for biofilm-based infections because the results are based on individual bacteria traditionally grown in their planktonic form. In this work, we create an innovative susceptibility testing technique for P. aeruginosa that offers clinically relevant guidelines and widely adaptable stewardship to effectively treat the infections and minimize antibiotic resistance. Our approach evaluates the antibiotic efficacy by continuously monitoring the accumulated electrical outputs from the bacterial extracellular electron transfer (EET) process in the presence of antibiotics. Our innovative paper-based culturing 3-D scaffold promotes surface-associated growth of bacterial colonies and biofilms. The platform replicates a natural habitat for P. aeruginosa where it can grow similarly to sites it infects. Our technique enables an all-electrical, real-time, easy-to-use, portable AST that can be easily translatable to clinical settings. The entire procedure takes 96 min to provide evidence-based antimicrobial prescribing guidance for biofilm-based infections.

35952432

Microbial shifts in anaerobic digestion towards phenol inhibition with and without hydrochar as revealed by metagenomic binning.

The inhibition of anaerobic digestion (AD) by pounds is an obstacle to the efficient treatment of organic wastes. Besides, hydrochar produced from hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass has been previously reported to enhance AD. The present study aimed to provide deep insights into the microbial shifts at the species level to phenol (0-1.5 g/L) inhibition in AD of glucose with and without hydrochar by metagenomic analysis. Phenol higher than 1 g/L had severe inhibition on both the amount and rate of methane production in control experiments, while hydrochar significantly enhanced methane production, especially at phenol 1 g/L and 1.5 g/L. From metagenomic analysis, 78 High-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were obtained. ponents analysis showed that the munities were shifted when phenol concentration was increased to 0.25 g/L in control experiments and 1 g/L in hydrochar experiments. In control experiments, no MAGs involved in acetogenesis were found at phenol 1.5 g/L and Methanothrix sp.FDU243 was also inhibited. However, hydrochar resulted in the maintenance of several MAGs involved in acetogenesis and Methanothrix sp.FDU243 even at phenol 1.5 g/L, ensuring a persistent methane production. Furthermore, 6 phenol-degrading MAGs were identified, shifting dependent on the concentrations of phenol and the presence of hydrochar.

35952431

Biodegradation of tylosin in swine wastewater by Providencia stuartii TYL-Y13: Performance, pathway, genetic background, and risk assessment.

Microbial bioremediation offers a solution to the problem of residual antibiotics in wastewater associated with animal farms. Efficient degradation of antibiotic residues depends upon the genetic make-up of microbial degraders, which requires prehensive understanding of the degradation mechanisms. In this study, a novel, efficient tylosin (TYL)-degrading bacterium, Providencia stuartii TYL-Y13 (Y13) was isolated, which pletely degrade 100 mg/L TYL within 15 h under optimal operating conditions at 40 ℃, pH 7.0 %, and 1 % (v/v) bacterial inoculation rate. Whole genome sequencing revealed that strain Y13 consists of a circular chromosome and two plasmids. A new biodegradation pathway of TYL including desugarification, hydrolysis, and reduction reactions was proposed through the analysis of biodegradation products. It was demonstrated that strain Y13 gradually decreased the biotoxicity of TYL and its metabolites based on the results of the ecological structural activity relationships (ECOSAR) model analysis and toxicity assessment. Moreover, Y13 promoted the reduction of the target macrolide resistance genes in wastewater and disappeared within 84 h. These results shed new light on the mechanism of TYL biodegradation and better utilization of microbes to remediate TYL contamination.

35952434

Hexa-BODIPY-cyclotriphosphazene based nanoparticle for NIR fluorescence/photoacoustic dual-modal imaging and photothermal cancer therapy.

Theranostic, which integrates the diagnosis and tumor treatment in tandem, is an emerging strategy in cancer treatment. Here, we report a novel and unique theranostic nanoparticle, HBCP NP, based on hexa-BODIPY cyclophosphazene (HBCP). Due to the unique bulky molecular structure of HBCP, this nanoparticle can simultaneously perform near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and photoacoustic imaging (PAI). Interestingly, since reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation of HBCP NPs pletely inhibited, 'safe' fluorescence imaging is possible without the risk of cell damage even under laser irradiation. Finally, NIR fluorescence imaging and PAI in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice demonstrated selective accumulation of HBCP NPs at tumor sites. In addition, HBCP NPs exhibited excellent photothermal effects under high-power laser irradiation, achieving effective tumor growth inhibition.

35952435

High-throughput fluorescent screening of β-lactamase inhibitors to improve antibiotic treatment strategies for tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which is a major threat to global public health. Currently, β-lactam antibiotics are rarely used in the treatment of TB, since Mtb naturally expresses β-lactamase (Blac) which renders Mtb resistant to such antibiotics due to β-lactam cleavage. Fortunately, antibiotic resistance can be e when β-lactam antibiotics bined with a Blac inhibitor. With the current research, a near-infrared fluorescent probe LXMB was developed for the real-time detection and imaging of endogenous Blac activity in Mtb. Furthermore, a high-throughput screening platform was established using LXMB to screen Blac inhibitors from herbal medicines. Guided by the visual bioassay, Tannic acid was isolated from Galla Chinensis as a potential Blac inhibitor and was further evaluated bination with several β-lactam antibiotics which resulted in an enhanced inhibitory effect toward M. tuberculosis H37Ra. Finally, LXMB was used to label live M. tuberculosis H37Ra phagocytosed within macrophages. Consequently, LXMB was a useful fluorescent tool to explore the mechanism of drug resistance based on Blac and can assist in the development of new tuberculosis treatments.

35952436

Qualitative content analysis of public responses to an FDA inquiry on the impact of scheduling changes to kratom.

The legal status of kratom in the United States plex and varies by state. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration have repeatedly subjected kratom to regulatory review. However, there hasn't been a systematic review of the public's perception of kratom. The present study analyzed open-ended responses from the public to an FDA solicitation for information regarding kratom with the goal of providing prehensive assessment of motives for kratom use.

35952438

Real-world outcomes of chemotherapy for lung cancer patients undergoing hemodialysis: A multicenter retrospective cohort study (NEJ-042).

Malignant tumors are the major cause of death in hemodialysis patients. Management of these patients remains challenging as there is no evidence that chemotherapy is beneficial, and a lack of information about actual clinical practice.

35952437

Vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging of symptomatic middle cerebral artery atherosclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

prehensive understanding of atherosclerotic middle cerebral artery (MCA) plaques aids physicians in diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to identify imaging biomarkers of symptomatic MCA plaque. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate which characteristics of MCA plaque are markers of culprit lesions.

35952439

Research progress in external field intensification of forward osmosis process for water treatment: A critical review.

Forward osmosis (FO) is an emerging permeation-driven membrane technology that manifests advantages of low energy consumption, low operating pressure, and plicated pared to conventional membrane processes. The key issues that need to be addressed in FO are membrane fouling, concentration polarization (CP) and reverse solute diffusion (RSD). They can lead to problems about loss of draw solutes and reduced membrane lifetime, which not only affect the water treatment effectiveness of FO membranes, but also increase the economic cost. Current research has focused on FO membrane preparation and modification strategies, as well as on the selection of draw solutions. Unfortunately, these intrinsic solutions had limited success in unraveling these phenomena. In this paper, we provide a brief review of the current state of research on existing external field-assisted FO systems (including electric-, pressure-, magnetic-, ultrasonic-, light- and flow-assisted FO system), analyze their mitigation mechanisms for the above key problems, and explore potential research directions to aid in the further development of FO systems. This review aims to reveal the feasibility of the development of external field-assisted FO technology to achieve a more economical and efficient FO treatment process.

35952440

Association of plasma biomarkers of amyloid and neurodegeneration with cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease.

The objective of this study was to determine the differential mapping of plasma biomarkers to postmortem neuropathology measures. We identified 64 participants in a population-based study with antemortem plasma markers (amyloid-β [Aβ] x-42, Aβx-40, neurofilament light [NfL], and total tau [T-tau]) who also had neuropathologic assessments of Alzheimer's and cerebrovascular pathology. We conducted weighted linear-regression models to evaluate relationships between plasma measures and neuropathology. Higher plasma NfL and Aβ42/40 ratio were associated with cerebrovascular neuropathologic scales (p < 0.05) but not with Braak stage, neuritic plaque score, or Thal phase. Plasma Aβ42/40 and NfL explained up to 18% of the variability in cerebrovascular neuropathologic scales. In participants predominantly with modest levels of Alzheimer's pathologic change, biomarkers of amyloid and neurodegeneration were associated with cerebrovascular neuropathology. NfL is a non-specific marker of brain injury, therefore its association with cerebrovascular neuropathology was expected. The association between elevated Aβ42/40 and cerebrovascular disease pathology needs further investigation but could be due to the use of less specific amyloid-β assays (x-40, x-42).

35952441

Computational modeling of damage in the hierarchical microstructure of skeletal muscles.

One of the skeletal muscle's exceptional properties is its high damage tolerance in terms of its high toughness, which allows the muscle to withstand cracks of millimeter length while maintaining most of its strength (Taylor et al., 2012). In skeletal muscles, damage occurs on different hierarchical levels of the microstructure. We analyze the damage behavior on hierarchy levels 3 (muscle fiber) and 4 (fascicle) on which the mon serious muscle injuries occur. Our model captures damage initiation and rupture of activated muscle fibers resulting from eccentric contractions. We consider the interaction between muscle fibers and endomysium and investigate the influence of ponents titin and endomysium on the mechanical behavior in pre-damaged fascicles. Endomysium generally transmits contractile forces. Our results show that high strains in pre-damaged fiber regions are not transferred by the endomysium and, thus, adjacent undamaged fibers are well protected. Moreover, the results show titin's extraordinary stabilization properties of pre-damaged muscle fibers, so that macroscopic strains of fascicles are hardly reduced in case of strongly pre-damaged fibers and intact titin.

35952442

Oligodendrocyte tethering effect on hyperelastic 3D response of axons in white matter.

A novel finite element model is proposed to study the mechanical response of axons embedded in extracellular matrix when subjected to tensile loads under purely non-affine kinematic boundary conditions. Ogden hyperelastic material model describes the axons and the extracellular matrix material characterizations. Two axon-glia tethering scenarios in white matter are studied a single oligodendrocyte (single-OL) with multiple connections a multi-oligodendrocyte (multi-OL) one. In the multi-OL tethering configuration, resultant forces are randomly oriented as distributed glial cells arbitrarily wrap around axons in their immediate vicinity. In the single-OL setup, a centrally located oligodendrocyte myelinates multiple axons nearby. Tethering forces are directed towards this oligodendrocyte, resulting in greater directionality and farther-reaching stress distribution. The oligodendrocyte connections to axons are represented by a spring-dashpot model. The material properties of myelin served as the upper limit for the parameterization of the oligodendrocyte stiffness ("K"). The proposed FE models enable realization of connection mechanisms and their influence on axonal stiffness to determine resultant stress states accurately. Root mean square deviation analysis of stress-strain plots of different connection scenarios reveal an increasing axonal stiffness with increasing tethering, indicating the role of oligodendrocytes in stress redistribution. In single-OL submodel, for the same number of connections per axons, RMSD values increased as "K" (the oligodendrocyte spring stiffness) values were set higher. RMSD calculations reveal that for a "K" value, single-OL model yielded slightly stiffer pared to multi-OL. The current study also addresses the potential geometrical limitations of multi-OL model by randomizing and adding connections to ensure greater responsiveness. Cyclic bending stresses noticed in both submodels suggest the risk of axonal damage accumulation and repeated load failure.

35952444

Extracellular domain of human calcium sensing receptor immobilized to silica beads as biomaterial: A rapid chromatographic method for recognizing ligands from complex matrix 'Shuangdan'.

Human calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a member of the G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily (GPCR), has been a therapeutic target for developing new drugs against calciotropic disorders and non-calciotropic diseases. The highly efficient methodologies for pursuing novel ligands/drugs remained a challenge due to the redundant purification processes of membrane protein in some widely-used methods including NMR, X-ray crystallography, Fluorescence Titration Spectroscopy, and Circular Dichroism. Herein, extracellular domain (ECD) of CaSR as its functional fragment was used to develop a rapid chromatographic method, which involved the synthesis of stationary phase material based on the site-specific covalent reaction of Halogenated alkane dehalogenase (Halo)-tagged ECD of CaSR in cell lysate with 6-chlorocaproic acid modified silica beads, the use of the immobilized CaSR column for revealing the interaction of three known agonists with CaSR and further screening ligands plex matrix like Chinese herb medicine 'Shuangdan'. The immobilized CaSR column was prepared rapidly without the protein purification and retained a good stability and specificity for at least 35 days. It was revealed that one type of binding sites occurred on CaSR with the binding affinity of neomycin > gentamicin-C / kanamycin, presumably which related to the number of structural amino groups attached. This method allowed for recognizing specifically novel ligands from 'Shuangdan', demonstrating one type of binding sites on CaSR with the binding affinity of gallic acid > caffeic acid > paeonol. These results indicated that, the immobilization of a representative extracellular domain of CaSR to silica beads as biomaterial is feasible to develop a new rapid method, which can be successfully applied in screening novel ligands efficiently plex matrices.

35952443

Playing defense? Health care in the era of Covid.

Health workers have to balance their own welfare vs. that of their patients particularly when patients have a readily transmissible disease. These risks e more consequential during an outbreak, and especially so when the chance of severe illness or mortality is non-negligible. One way to reduce risk is by reducing contact with patients. Such changes could be along the intensive or extensive margins. Using data on primary care outpatient encounters during the early months of the Covid-19 pandemic, I document important changes in the intensity of provider-patient interactions. Significantly, I find that adherence to clinical guidelines, the probability that routine procedures such as physical examinations pleted, and even the quality of information given by health providers, all declined sharply. I present evidence that these effects likely reflect risk mitigation behavior by health providers.

35952446

Pseudo-mercaptoethyl pyridine functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-graphene composite via thiol-ene click reaction for highly selective purification of antibody.

In this work, we prepared a novel posite bination of mercapto-end capped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS-SH) with graphene oxide (GO) through covalent bonding process. posite was further conjugated with 4-vinyl pyridine (4-VP) through thiol-ene click reaction to fabricate pseudo-mercaptoethyl pyridine functionalized posite (G-POSS-S-VP). The physicochemical properties were confirmed via FT-IR, TGA, XPS, and TEM characterizations and a high ligand density of ca. 87.3 μmol m

35952445

Analysis of bisaminotetrazole cobinamide, a next-generation antidote for cyanide, hydrogen sulfide and methanethiol poisoning, in swine plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, and methanethiol mon toxic inhalation agents that inhibit mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase and result in cellular hypoxia, cytotoxic anoxia, apnea, respiratory failure, cardiovascular collapse, seizure and potentially death. While all are occupational gas exposure hazards that have the potential to cause mass casualties from industrial accidents or acts of terrorism, only cyanide has approved antidotes, and each of these has major limitations, including difficult administration in mass-casualty settings. While bisaminotetrazole cobinamide (Cbi(AT)

35952447

New 4-thiazolidinone-based molecules Les-2769 and Les-3266 as possible PPARγ modulators.

Development of cancer drug-resistance is still an ongoing problem in the modern anticancer treatment. Therefore, there is a need to search for a new active substance, which may e a potential anticancer agent. 4-Thiazolidinones are well-described substances with cytotoxicity against cancer cells in vitro. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two 4-thiazolidinone-based derivatives (Les-2769 and Les-3266) on the PPARγ-dependent cytotoxicity in normal human skin fibroblasts (BJ) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC-15) in vitro. The data obtained showed a cytotoxic effect of Les-2769 and Les-3266 used in micromolar concentrations on SCC-15 and BJ cells, manifesting by a decrease in the metabolic activity, an increase in the release of lactate dehydrogenase, and caspase-3 activity. The co-treatment of the cells with Les-3266 and an antagonist (GW9662) or an agonist (rosiglitazone) of the PPARγ receptor induced changes in the above-mentioned parameters in the BJ and SCC-15 pared to the Les-3266 alone exposure; this was not found in the Les-2769-treated cells. The further analysis of pounds indicated changes in the expression of the PPARγ, KI67, and NF-κB genes. Moreover, the pounds caused an increase in the level of PPARγ mRNA expression in a similar way to rosiglitazone in SCC-15, which may indicate the affinity of pounds for PPARγ. Molecular docking is consistent with experimental in vitro data about the potential agonistic activity of Les-2769 and Les-3266 towards PPARγ receptors. Summarizing, the anticancer effect of pounds was observed in the SCC-15 cells in vitro; moreover, the mechanism of action of Les-3266 in cells is mediated probably by interaction with the PPARγ receptor pathway, which needs in-depth study.

35952448

Discovery of environment-sensitive fluorescent probes for detecting and inhibiting metallo-β-lactamase.

Metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs) hydrolyze almost all β-lactam antibiotics, including last-resort carbapenems, and is emerging as a global antibiotic resistance threat. Discovering novel fluorescent molecules for visualizing MβLs has proved challenging. Herein, based on covalent and Zn(II)-binding scaffold of MβLs inhibitor, we designed and synthesized a novel series of environment-sensitive fluorescent probes ESA, DHA and DHS, to detect and inhibit the enzymatic activity of MβLs. Of these probes, ESA is a highly active NDM-1 inhibitor (IC

35952449

Boron attenuated diethylnitrosamine induced hepatocellular carcinoma in C3H/HeN mice via alteration of oxidative stress and apoptotic pathway.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate various cellular signaling pathways and play an important role in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Excessive accumulation of ROS can promote HCC. Trace element boron has a wide range of biological effects, including anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, immune regulation and so on.

35952450

Ubiquitous toxicity of Mercuric Chloride in target tissues and organs: Impact of Ubidecarenone and liposomal-Ubidecarenone STAT 5A/ PTEN /PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.

Mercuric chloride (HgCl3) is categorized as class II B hazardous metal that is present in many occupational and environmental conditions. In the meantime, Hg exists in the environment in such an abundant manner, it is virtually impossible for humans to avoid exposure to different forms of Hg. In addition to environmental exposure, individuals may be exposed to Hg from dental amalgams, medicinal treatments and dietary sources. Nevertheless, Liposomal drug delivery system is a promising era in the field of Nano-medicine and have the advantageous of increasing drug bioavailability and retention phenomena in addition to targeting organ for all mentioned the present study was designed to investigate the hypothesis that messenger RNA gene expression of Signal transducer and activator of transcription- 5 A (STAT-5A), Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), phosphoinositol kinase (PI3K) and alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT) can trigger HgCl3 induced nephrotoxicity post Ubidecarenone and liposomal Ubidecarenone therapy.

35952451

Tactile motor attention induces sensory attenuation for sounds.

Sensory events appear reduced in intensity when we actively produce them. Here, we investigated sensory attenuation in a virtual reality setup that allowed us to manipulate the time of tactile feedback when pressing a virtual button. We asked whether tactile motor attention might shift to the tactile location that makes contact with the button. In experiment one, we found that a tactile impulse was perceived as more intense when button pressing. In a second experiment, participants pushed a button and estimated the intensity of sounds. We found sensory attenuation for sounds only when tactile feedback was provided at the time the movement goal was reached. These data indicate that attentional prioritization for the tactile modality during a goal-directed hand movement might lead to a transient reduction in sensitivity in other modalities, resulting in sensory attenuation for sounds.

35952453

Leaf proteome reveals the alterations in photosynthesis and defense-related proteins between potato tetraploid cultivars and diploid wild species.

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) as the important food crop worldwide has abundant morphological and genetic diversity. To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms determining phenotypic differences in wild species and cultivated potato, parative proteomics approach was applied to analyze leaf proteome alteration among three tetraploid cultivars and three diploid wild species using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Quantitative image analysis showed a total of 47 protein spots with significantly altered abundance (>3-fold, P < 0.05), and 45 differentially abundant proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. These proteins exhibited both the qualitative and quantitative changes. Most of them were involved in photosynthesis, cell defense and rescue, protein biosynthesis, which might exhibit the main differences between tetraploid cultivars and diploid wild species. The photosynthesis and protein biosynthesis-related proteins were up-regulated or only present in tetraploid cultivars, suggesting the higher photosynthetic efficiency and more newly synthesized peptides. It might contribute to some superior traits of tetraploid cultivars, such as larger leaf size, greater growth vigor, better tuber yield and quality. However, some cell defense and rescue-related proteins, especially the pathogenesis-related proteins and antioxidant enzymes, were up-regulated or only present in diploid wild species. It might be responsible for stronger resistance to diseases and pests or tolerance to environmental stresses in diploid wild species. This study would provide valuable information for the underlying molecular mechanisms of potato genetic diversity, and help in developing strategies for the utilization of wild species for potato improvement.

35952452

Are legumes different? Origins and consequences of evolving nitrogen fixing symbioses.

Nitrogen fixing symbioses between plants and bacteria are ancient and, while not numerous, are formed in diverse lineages of plants ranging from microalgae to angiosperms. One symbiosis stands out as the most widespread one is that between legumes and rhizobia, leading to the formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules. The legume family is one of the largest and most diverse group of plants and legumes have been used by humans since the beginning of agriculture, both as high nitrogen food, as well as pastures and rotation crops. One open question is whether their ability to form a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis has contributed to legumes' success, and whether legumes have any unique characteristics that have made them more diverse and widespread than other groups of plants. This review examines the evolutionary journey that has led to the diversification of legumes, in particular its nitrogen-fixing symbiosis, and asks four questions to investigate which legume traits might have contributed to their success: 1. In what ways do legumes differ from other plant groups that have evolved nitrogen-fixing symbioses? In order to answer this question, the characteristics of the symbioses, and efficiencies of nitrogen fixation pared between different groups of nitrogen fixing plants. 2. Could certain unique features of legumes be a reason for their success? This section examines the manifestations and possible benefits of a nitrogen-rich 'lifestyle' in legumes. 3. If nitrogen fixation was a reason for such a success, why have some species lost the symbiosis? Formation of symbioses has trade-offs, and while these are less well known for non-legumes, there are known energetic and ecological reasons for loss of symbiotic potential in legumes. 4. What can we learn from the unique traits of legumes for future crop improvements? While exploiting some of the physiological properties of legumes could be used to improve legume breeding, our increasing molecular understanding of the essential regulators of root nodule symbioses raise hope of creating new nitrogen fixing symbioses in other crop species.

35952454

ADC measurement relevance to predict hemorrhage transformation after mechanical thrombectomy.

ADC (apparent coefficient diffusion) value has been known to predict hemorrhage transformation (HT) after thrombolysis and recently, after mechanical thrombectomy (MT). We aimed to evaluate that utility separately in basal ganglia and superficial territory. We used HT occurrence with or without NIHSS change as primary e measures.

35952455

Decompressive hemicraniectomy in patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction: A real-world study.

Malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (mMCA) is a devastating disease with rates of fatality as high as 80%. pressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) reduces mortality, but many survivors inevitably remain severely disabled. This study aimed to analyze patients with mMCA undergoing DHC or best medical treatment (BMT) baseline characteristics and factors linked to therapeutic choice and determinants of prognosis.

35952456

Studying cognitive function in patients with a long-standing diagnosis of SWEDD.

The cognitive profile of patients with longstanding clinical Parkinsonism possessing scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD) remains unclear from previous studies.

35952458

The story behind the first few cases of monkeypox infection in non-endemic countries, 2022.

Starting May 6, 2022, a rising number of monkeypox cases started to be detected in different countries where the disease is not endemic. About 24 countries reported cases by May 28 mostly in Europe. Most of the reported cases so far were among young men particularly men who have sex with men or had a travel history to countries where cases are being registered. In this rapid review we summarized the story behind the first few cases of monkeypox virus infection in non-endemic countries and the prevention measures implemented so far by countries to contain the spread of the disease.

35952457

Humoral response to COVID-19 vaccination in MS patients on disease modifying therapy: Immune profiles and clinical outcomes.

Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) on some disease modifying therapies (DMTs), particularly anti-CD20 and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) modulators, are at increased risk of severe Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) and death. COVID-19 vaccinations are effective in preventing infection and severe disease, but humoral response to vaccination and es of COVID-19 infection after vaccination in MS patients on DMTs remain less understood.