content
stringlengths 229
17.9k
|
|---|
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Can you give me the gist of the text in a nutshell?
Dating a girl from another culture. Lots good about the relationship. Common professional interests, identical sex drives, and we respect each other, which is a new thing for me in relationships (always been with girls who kinda have a bad attitude about males). She totally loves me.
But I have some serious concerns about long term viability. One concerns parents. My parents, upon learning that we were a thing, said, "remember, you are her ticket to stay in America." Her parents, upon learning that we were a real thing, wanted to know how much money I make (I'm a grad student), and wanted to make sure I was OK with their tradition of supporting parents in their retirement as a sign of respect (despite that they are well off enough to not need such help). GF is in agreement with her folks about this and says if I am not OK with it she will just have to make more money and do it herself. Also, GF says her parents could 'never know' that I was previously married and am now divorced.
There are some other issues as well that I've been able to overcome/overlook (one example, she's not social, I am), but their combination makes me feel that a future with her is risky with lots of prior indications of trouble ahead. In my previous marriage I ignored those kinds of signs and paid a price for it, and I'm not wanting to repeat that history. At the same time, it is really nice to have a partner who is on board with me sexually whom I also get along with pretty well.
Curious to know what others' experiences have been with a cross-cultural situation like this, especially if you have long-term experiences.
</s> <|assistant|> The given text discusses that cultural differences really put a crimp in the author's desire to further develop a relationship into marriage. While the author's parents see the marriage as an opportunity for the girl to stay in America, the girl parents expect the author to support them in retirements. The author is seeking inputs from others who have similar experiences. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> When to use UICollectionView instead of UITableView? </s> <|assistant|> That depends on the requirements. How the application flows determines which type of UI to integrate into the application.
People mainly use the ```UICollectionview``` for creating types of UIs with multiple images shown in a grid. This would have complex logic using ```UITableView```, but with ```UICollectionview```, it would be easy.
When using ```UICollectionview```, you don't need to set buttons with tags or other things by getting selected items values. You can simply get ```-(void)collectionView:(UICollectionView *)collectionView didSelectItemAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath``` and in ```UITableViewDelegate```:
````-(void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath`
```
You get the selected row instead of the item, so for creating grid or modified items, using ```UICollectionview``` is best.
For the listing details of each item, people use ```UITableView``` because it shows more info on each item.
Apple Docs:
UICollectionView Class Reference
The UICollectionView class manages an ordered collection of data items and presents them using customizable layouts. Collection views provide the same general function as table views except that a collection view is able to support more than just single-column layouts. Collection views support customizable layouts that can be used to implement multi-column grids, tiled layouts, circular layouts, and many more. You can even change the layout of a collection view dynamically if you want.
UITableView Class Reference
A table view displays a list of items in a single column. UITableView is a subclass of UIScrollView, which allows users to scroll through the table, although UITableView allows vertical scrolling only. The cells comprising the individual items of the table are UITableViewCell objects; UITableView uses these objects to draw the visible rows of the table. Cells have content—titles and images—and can have, near the right edge, accessory views. Standard accessory views are disclosure indicators or detail disclosure buttons; the former leads to the next level in a data hierarchy and the latter leads to a detailed view of a selected item. Accessory views can also be framework controls, such as switches and sliders, or can be custom views. Table views can enter an editing mode where users can insert, delete, and reorder rows of the table. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How important is multithreading in the current software industry? </s> <|assistant|> It is extremely important.
What is more important though is to understand that multithreading is just one way to solve the asynchrony problem. The technical environment in which many people are now writing software differs from the historical software development environment (of monolithic applications performing batch computations) in two key ways:
* Many-core machines are now common. We can no longer expect clock speeds or transistor densities to increase by orders of magnitude. The price of computation will continue to fall, but it will fall because of lots of parallelism. We're going to have to find a way to take advantage of that power.
* Computers are now heavily networked and modern applications rely upon being able to fetch rich information from a variety of sources.
From a computational standpoint, these two factors essentially boil down to the same core idea: information increasingly will be available in an asynchronous fashion. Whether the information you need is being computed on another chip in your machine or on a chip halfway around the world doesn't really matter. Either way, your processor is sitting there burning billions of cycles a second waiting for information when it could be doing useful work.
So what matters now, and what will matter even more in the future, is not multithreading per se, but rather, dealing with asynchrony. Multithreading is just one way to do that -- a complicated, error-prone way that is only going to get more complicated and more error-prone as weak-memory-model chips become more widely used.
The challenge for tools vendors is to come up with some way better than multithreading for our customers to deal with the asynchronous infrastructure they'll be using in the future. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> You are given a question on professional law. You are also given 4 answer options (associated with "A", "B", "C", "D"), out of which only one is correct. You need to answer the question by selecting the correct option. You should only answer with the choice letter, not the whole answer.
One afternoon, a pilot was flying a small airplane when it suddenly ran out of gas. As he was coming in for an emergency landing, the plane crossed into a neighboring state at a very low altitude. At this time, a 9-year-old boy was walking to school when he was struck and injured by an object, which may have fallen from the plane. In federal court, a negligence suit was brought against the pilot by the father of the boy for his son. Accompanied by his father, the boy had visited an attorney for preliminary discussions regarding the case. However, the father did not retain the attorney to represent his son in the lawsuit. Instead, the father hired another lawyer to handle the case. At trial, the pilot's attorney calls the consulting attorney to testify what the boy had said to him regarding his physical condition during the consultation that the attorney had had with the boy and his father. The attorney's testimony is
(A)admissible, because the attorney-client privilege was waived by the filing of the lawsuit.
(B)admissible, because there is no privilege of confidentiality when a person other than the client is present at the attorney-client consultation.
(C)inadmissible, because the attorney-client privilege prevents such a breach of confidential communications.
(D)inadmissible, because it was a statement of physical condition not made for the purpose of obtaining medical treatment.
</s> <|assistant|> The answer is C. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How do airplanes stay in the air? </s> <|assistant|> The shape of an airplane's wings is what makes it possible for the airplane to fly. Airplanes' wings are curved on top and flatter on the bottom. That shape makes air flow over the top faster than under the bottom. As a result, less air pressure is on top of the wing. This lower pressure makes the wing, and the airplane it's attached to, move up. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Let's play 20 Questions! I'm thinking of an animal. </s> <|assistant|> I love 20 Questions!
1. Is it a mammal? </s> <|prompter|> No </s> <|assistant|> 2. Does it live in water? </s> <|prompter|> No </s> <|assistant|> 3. Is it a reptile? </s> <|prompter|> Yes </s> <|assistant|> 4. Does it have 4 legs? </s> <|prompter|> Yes </s> <|assistant|> 5. Is it a predator? </s> <|prompter|> Yes </s> <|assistant|> 6. Is it larger than 1 meter (3 feet)? </s> <|prompter|> Yes </s> <|assistant|> 7. Does it live in Africa? </s> <|prompter|> No </s> <|assistant|> 8. Does it live in Asia? </s> <|prompter|> Yes </s> <|assistant|> 9. Is it a Komodo dragon? </s> <|prompter|> Yes! </s> <|assistant|> Hurray! I guessed your animal in 9 questions: the Komodo dragon.
Fun fact: Komodo dragons are the largest lizards alive today! </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> A partir de un String, ```"123-654321"```, lo que deseo es dividirlo en dos Strings:
```string1=123
string2=654321
``` </s> <|assistant|> Tres formas diferentes de hacerlo:
1. Utilizando la función ```String.split()``` :
``` String str = "123-654321";
String[] parts = str.split("-");
```
Esta solución utiliza expresiones regulares, así que no es lo más eficiente si no estas trabajando con ellas.
2. Utilizando la clase ```StringTokenizer``` :
```static private List fastSplit(final String text, final String separator, final boolean emptyStrings){
List result = new ArrayList();
final StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(text, separator, true);
String token = null;
String lastToken = separator;
while (st.hasMoreTokens()) {
token = st.nextToken();
if (token.equals(separator)) {
if (lastToken.equals(separator) && emptyStrings) {
result.add("");
}
} else {
result.add(token);
}
lastToken = token;
}
return result;
}
```
El problema con este método es que solo funciona bien cuando el delimitador tiene longitud 1.
3. Implementarlo usando ```String.indexOf()``` :
En este caso si funcionará correctamente para delimitadores de cualquier longitud.
```static private List fastSplit2(final String text, final String separator, final boolean emptyStrings) {
final List result = new ArrayList();
if (text != null && text.length() > 0) {
int index1 = 0;
int index2 = text.indexOf(separator);
int sepLen = separator.length();
while (index2 >= 0) {
String token = text.substring(index1, index2);
if (!token.isEmpty() || emptyStrings){
result.add(token);
}
index1 = index2 + sepLen;
index2 = text.indexOf(separator, index1);
}
if (index1 < text.length() - 1) {
result.add(text.substring(index1));
}
}
return result;
}
``` </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> I'm working with another developer on a project, and we're using Github as our remote repo. I'm on a Mac using git 1.7.7.3, he's on Windows using git 1.7.6.
This is what's happening
* One of us (let's call him developer A, but it doesn't matter which one) pushes a set of commits to GitHub.
* The other (developer B) makes some local commits.
* B does a ```git pull```.
* B does a ```git push```.
* Looking at the commit history log, I see Merge branch 'master' of github.com:foo/bar
The commit log gets littered with "Merge branch" messages over time, and also shows developer B as committing changes that developer A made. The only way we've found to prevent this issue has been to do a ```git pull --rebase``` at step 3, but I don't know what side effects rebasing will introduce. This is my first time working on a multi-developer git repo, so is this just normal behavior? Any thoughts on how to solve this issue? </s> <|assistant|> The commit you are seeing is perfectly fine. A ```pull``` effectively runs ```git fetch``` and then ```git merge``` so a merge is usually happening when you run ```git pull```.
The alternative to use rebasing instead of merging is possible, but usually you should avoid it. Rebasing allows you to keep a linear history, but also removes any information about the branching that originally happened. It will also cause the history of the current branch being rewritten, recreating all commits that are not contained in the target branch (in your case, the remote). As the recreated commits are different commits, this can cause a lot of confusion when developing together with others, especially when people already checked out parts of those commits before they get rewritten (for example with feature branches). So as a rule of thumb, you should never rewrite any commit that was already pushed.
The commits you see are there to combine two (or more) branches. It is perfectly fine to have a commit that does nothing else then merging multiple branches. In fact it makes it very clear when you have a merge commit that combines branches when looking at the history. In comparison to rebasing, merging also allows you to effectively see the original history as it was developed, including the actual branches that coexisted.
So, long story short: Yes, having merge commits is perfectly fine and you should not worry about them. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Layman's explanation of encryption backdoors </s> <|assistant|> There are two somewhat orthogonal concepts in backdooring encryption algorithms:
* The backdoor can be explicit or implicit. An explicit backdoor is one that everybody knows it is there. An implicit backdoor strives at remaining undetected by the algorithm owners. Of course, when there is an explicit backdoor, people tend to avoid the algorithm altogether, so explicit backdoors may hope to work only in the presence of a legal framework that forces implementers to use the backdoored system.
An example of an explicit backdoor is the Clipper chip (which was ultimately abandoned). The backdoor is not really in the algorithm, more in the assembly of algorithms into a protocol, and technically it was an automatic key escrowing method. For an implicit backdoor, see the Dual EC DRBG as a famous example: it worked only as long as nobody was aware that it was backdoored.
* The backdoor's security may be quantifiable, or not. In the case of Dual EC DRBG, the mechanism uses well-trodden mathematical paths: the NSA knew that exploiting the backdoor required knowledge of an internal secret key, based on discrete logarithm (on elliptic curves).
A non-quantifiable security is what happens when you try to push, for instance, a voluntarily flawed algorithm, or one for which you know of a cryptanalytic method that you did not publish. This is a very dangerous game for a spy agency, because you cannot really know whether third parties could find the flaw or not. Such backdooring tends to backfire in the long term.
Interestingly, the NSA tends not to use non-quantifiable backdoors. A good example is DES. At the time it was designed, the NSA believed that it could tackle an upfront 256 exhaustive search, and that nobody else (in particular the Soviets) had the technology and budget for that. The NSA also knew of a novel cryptanalytic method (differential cryptanalysis). So when the NSA intervened in the design of DES, it insisted on shortening the key from 64 to 56 bits (that's addition of a quantifiable backdoor, and it was rather obvious, so quasi-explicit), and also on strengthening the design against differential cryptanalysis. This is a good example about how NSA consciously refrained from a non-quantifiable backdoor. There is only one thing that spy agencies fear more than not being able to spy: it is the idea that other competing spy agencies may also spy.
So a real, good backdoor is one that uses maths to offer quantifiable security against unauthorized usage of the backdoor. It is extremely difficult to have quantifiable security without making the backdoor explicit. The "best in class" in that area is Dual EC DRBG, and even before the Snowden business, cryptographers were already finding it weird and strongly suspected foul play (see the analyses back in 2007, 6 years before Snowden). </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Gostaria de saber qual é a real diferença entre o ```String``` (s maiúsculo) e o ```string``` (s minúsculo).
Aparentemente os dois têm os mesmos objetivos, porém qual é "melhor" para ser utilizado? </s> <|assistant|> Já foi dito que ```string``` é apenas um alias para o tipo ```String```.
Para deixar claro, não há diferença em performance ou forma como o código é gerado. Há exatamente zero diferença no tratamento de ambas. Elas podem fazer as mesmas coisas, e todos os membros estão disponíveis em qualquer um deles, afinal assim se comporta um alias.
Diferenças úteis na utilização e escolha:
* ```string``` é apenas uma forma mais simples de usar o tipo ```String``` no C#, ou seja, ```string``` é a forma de "tipar" uma cadeia de caracteres no C# e ```String``` é um tipo do CLR. No C#, dependendo do contexto, é melhor usar uma ou outra forma. O tipo ```String``` presente no namespace ```System``` pode ser usado em qualquer linguagem que se utilize do CLR.
* ```string``` não pode ser usado com reflexão. ```String``` deve ser usado no lugar.
* ```String``` pode ser usado para criar outros aliases:
``` using str = System.String;
//...
str s = "Foi usado outro alias para string.";
// a variável 's' é do tipo System.String que é o mesmo que ser string
```
Mas esse é apenas um exemplo, não há necessidade e não é recomendado usar em código real. Existe sim casos que um alias pode ser útil, mas esse apenas dificulta a leitura para quem não está acostumado com isso, sem trazer nenhum benefício.
* Há alguns locais que ocorre o oposto e criar um alias pode trazer mais legibilidade ao código.
* Em outros casos pode ser apenas estranho usar um ou outro e dificultar a leitura.
* Na verdade o tipo ```String``` deve ser usado como ```System.String``` ou onde exista um ```using System```, enquanto que ```string``` pode ser usado em qualquer código que o compilador já entenderá.
* ```String``` pode ser usado como identificador válido. ```string``` é uma palavra reservada e não pode ser um identificador.
* Há uma diferença na forma como o syntax highlight apresenta ambos. Pois uma forma é tipo e a outra é palavra chave.
* Apesar da recomendação geral em usar ```string``` sempre que possível enquanto está programando em C#, há controvérsias no seu uso. Alguns alegam que ```String``` é preferencial para deixar claro, através do Pascal Case, que você está usando um tipo de referência(en).
Mas não faz muito sentido porque ```Int32``` é tipo de valor(en) e também usa PascalCase (ou lowerCamelCase). E ainda ele, apesar de ser tipo de referência, tem semântica de valor. Então mesmo que usasse a lógica de Pascal Case para tipo de referência, e Camel Case (ou (UpperCamelCase) para tipo de valor, pela semântica, que é o que importa, ele deveria ser Camel Case, ou seja, deveria começar com minúsculo mesmo.
No CLR o estilo de case é usado para ajudar determinar outras características do identificador.
* É possível substituir o tipo oficial por outro seu com mesmo nome se fizer tudo corretamente. O *alias *apontará para esse novo tipo que tem o mesmo nome e é colocado da mesma forma. Se ele não for exatamente o mesmo nome (incluindo o namespace) aí ele só pode ser usado opcionalmente o que quase inviabiliza o uso real.
Importante lembrar que ele é um tipo como outro qualquer por referência com semântica por valor e algumas facilidades que o compilador dá. O mesmo vale se usar ```String```.
Também vale lembrar que não existe tipo primitivo em C# (outra referência). Isso existe só como conceito do CLR, mesmo assim não como algo fundamental.
Importante notar que tudo isso é válido para o C#, outras linguagens como Java, ou até mesmo VB.NET podem ter mais diferenças.
* Documentação oficial do ```string``` dizendo que é um alias.
* FAQ reafirmando sobre aliases de tipos.
* ```System.String```.
Coloquei no GitHub para referência futura. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> There's a lot of poems about blue and green eyes out there but not that many about brown eyes even though they are still gorgeous. Can you write a poem about the beauties of brown eyes for me? </s> <|assistant|> Some prefer eyes of ocean blue, but I'm much too scared I'd drown.
Thats why I love your perfect hue, your lovely shade of brown.
Others desire eyes of green, like fields of emeralds.
But there's only one sight I fiend, and its your gaze to hold.
In the morning they dance like honey, serenading your crooked grin.
And under the stars they dance like fire, as I pull you closer in.
Sometimes they are strong and sturdy, like an old oak tree.
And when I worry they give comfort, reaching out to me.
My dear, from your amber eyes I never want to look away.
Because although they may be common, no two are the same. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Your bank specializes in accounts for villains and monsters; accepting currencies from gold and cash, to blood and souls. As the only teller for the bank, write about a casual day’s work, or your most interesting clientele. </s> <|assistant|> I had expected a worse first day.
Some of them are amicable, others decidedly less so.
There is, however, one thing that lingers in my mind. Human or beast, they all have one thing in common. Though I have seen a vast array of colours, a kaleidoscope of vivid green, crimson red and amber, they all seem to stare into my soul. Their eyes, piercing and penetrating bore into me, into the dark abyss that is my soul. I can't help but feel a sense of wonder, mingled with the dread of chaos and anarchy and destruction.
Some of them are noble. They have a profound look of sorrow on their faces that mirrors my own expression, and ignites a spark, a fire that rages below the surface of my apathetic existence.
I call for the next customer, and he approaches my desk. He lays a gnarled claw next to my hand, and begins to whisper; a low growl, barely audible, and yet I hear him as though he is screaming. He wants a piece of my soul, and a vial of my blood. He pays with fire.
He is no more a monster than I am.
Soon, it will be over, and I will be allowed to rest. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> What gives rise to musical ability, biologically speaking? </s> <|assistant|> Based on a 2015 article from Nature Scientific Reports, many genes are "turned on" when performing a complex musical piece.
These genes are related to muscle control, neural flexibility and growth, and even to the pleasure center in the brain.
Interestingly, variants of about a third of these genes were also previously identified as relating to song production and perception in songbirds. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Is it at all possible to update object's properties with ```setState```?
Something like:
```this.state = {
jasper: { name: 'jasper', age: 28 },
}
```
I have tried:
```this.setState({jasper.name: 'someOtherName'});
```
and this:
```this.setState({jasper: {name: 'someothername'}})
```
The first results in a syntax error and the second just does nothing. Any ideas? </s> <|assistant|> There are multiple ways of doing this, since state update is a async operation, so to update the state object, we need to use updater function with ```setState```.
1- Simplest one:
First create a copy of ```jasper``` then do the changes in that:
```this.setState(prevState => {
let jasper = Object.assign({}, prevState.jasper); // creating copy of state variable jasper
jasper.name = 'someothername'; // update the name property, assign a new value
return { jasper }; // return new object jasper object
})
```
Instead of using ```Object.assign``` we can also write it like this:
```let jasper = { ...prevState.jasper };
```
2- Using spread syntax:
```this.setState(prevState => ({
jasper: { // object that we want to update
...prevState.jasper, // keep all other key-value pairs
name: 'something' // update the value of specific key
}
}))
```
Note: ```Object.assign``` and ```Spread Operator``` creates only shallow copy, so if you have defined nested object or array of objects, you need a different approach.
Updating nested state object:
Assume you have defined state as:
```this.state = {
food: {
sandwich: {
capsicum: true,
crackers: true,
mayonnaise: true
},
pizza: {
jalapeno: true,
extraCheese: false
}
}
}
```
To update extraCheese of pizza object:
```this.setState(prevState => ({
food: {
...prevState.food, // copy all other key-value pairs of food object
pizza: { // specific object of food object
...prevState.food.pizza, // copy all pizza key-value pairs
extraCheese: true // update value of specific key
}
}
}))
```
Updating array of objects:
Lets assume you have a todo app, and you are managing the data in this form:
```this.state = {
todoItems: [
{
name: 'Learn React Basics',
status: 'pending'
}, {
name: 'Check Codebase',
status: 'pending'
}
]
}
```
To update the status of any todo object, run a map on the array and check for some unique value of each object, in case of ```condition=true```, return the new object with updated value, else same object.
```let key = 2;
this.setState(prevState => ({
todoItems: prevState.todoItems.map(
el => el.key === key? { ...el, status: 'done' }: el
)
}))
```
Suggestion: If object doesn't have a unique value, then use array index. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Why some women go up a shoe size after pregnancy? </s> <|assistant|> During pregnancy, the body produces higher levels of the hormone "relaxin". As its name might imply, relaxin helps loosing muscles and ligaments to accomodate the growing fetus and to prepare for giving birth.
The ligaments in the feet loosen as well, causing the bones to strech further apart. This effect is amplified by the added pregnancy weight, causing some women to go up a full shoe size during pregnancy. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to keep dogs safe on the fourth of july? </s> <|assistant|> ## Beforehand
1. Ensure that your pet’s information is up to date. Many dogs escape when they are startled by fireworks. If your pet doesn’t have a collar with a tag that has contact information on it, as well as a microchip with your current information, now is the time to get them. Your collar should fit securely but comfortably; it should be snug enough that it won’t be easily caught on a branch or other such thing, but not so tight as to make it uncomfortable for your dog to wear it. Be certain that it doesn't restrict your dog’s airflow – you should be able to fit two fingers between your dog’s collar and neck. There should be a tag that ensures the dog does not have rabies and another with your name and phone number on it. A microchip is a tiny transponder that uses radiofrequency waves to transmit information on the chip about your pet when scanned. It is implemented painlessly just under the skin using a large-bore needle by veterinarians and some shelters. Once your dog has a microchip, you must register with the company the microchip is made by; now, if your dog arrives at a shelter, (s)he will be scanned and the microchip will give the shelter your phone number to contact you with. Your microchip must have recent contact information; if it does not, simply contact the microchip company to update your information.
2. Brush up on your dog’s training. Your dog should have basic obedience training, and should easily respond to you. The most vital commands to train are walking on a leash, “come,” and “leave it,” in addition to crate training. If your puppy is young and hasn’t been leash trained, and you intend to bring the dog to parades/parties/fireworks displays, now is the time to do this. For information on leash training, read this wikiHow article. Your recall command should be rock-solid. If your dog runs off in reaction to fireworks, or after an interesting smell, you must be able to recall him. A related command is “stay”; for information on teaching this, read this article. During parties or parades, your dog is likely to come across yummy food that’s unhealthy for him to eat. To prevent him from eating anything he shouldn't, your “leave it” command should be very good. Another useful, related command is “drop it”; for information on teaching this, read this article. A crate is a useful tool during 4th of July celebrations, serving both to safely contain the dog and often calm him/her. For information on crate training, read this article.
3. Plan your party carefully. Choose decorations carefully – glow sticks, which are both toxic for dogs and enticingly similar to colorful chew toys, are particularly dangerous. As beer and other human food and drink are toxic for dogs, decide on a place to keep your dog(s) during the party, such as in the house if the party is in the yard. If the dog is friendly and would like to stay with the people, consider keeping him with you leashed; contained by keeping him in a room with a baby gate barring passage if the party is inside; or securely tying him to a tree, fence, or other secure object if the party is outside. Before the party, research what foods are toxic to dogs. For information on avoiding foods toxic to dogs, read this article.
4. Contact a veterinarian. For owners of dogs that are extremely reactive to fireworks or other typical Independence Day activities, the best option may be to discuss ways to help your dog with an experienced veterinarian. Topics to discuss include reducing stress for older dogs and the option of sedating the dog using safe drugs.
5. Consider moving your dog. If your dog is extremely stressed by Independence Day activities, the best option may be to move him to another place for the duration of the celebrations or during the most active part (such as a parade). It may be possible to locate a “doggy hotel,” friend or relative in a quiet rural area willing to keep the dog; however, expect there to be at least some amount of fireworks or parties, and it can be difficult to locate a business or person willing to care for your dog during the celebrations.
6. Investigate products that may serve to calm your dog. A commercial product of “anxiety wrap,” has been used with great success. Created by behavioral experts, such an item can calm dogs in a manner similar to swaddling an infant. A crate can be very useful, as stated above. As wolves naturally occupied dens, a dog will find comfort in his own “den,” or a crate. To increase the darkness, cover the crate with a blanket, leaving part of it uncovered so the dog can see passing people and breathe fresh air. It is possible to purchase relaxing auditory CDs that have been clinically researched to calm anxious dogs; these can be helpful for calming dogs frightened by Independence Day celebrations. Ask your veterinarian for more advice.
## Party
1. Secure your dog in the pre-decided place, if applicable. If he is going into a crate, place the crate in a quiet area of the house and put a safe bone, favorite toy, or other treats inside to occupy the dog. The dog will go in for the treat; once he or she is in, drape a dark-colored blanket over the crate to create darkness. Praise him and close windows and doors; you can also play a TV, radio, iPod, etc. to cover the sound of the party, or use the soothing music. If the dog is staying in the house, choose a room where the dog will be able to see the people but which people will not enter (for example, an office or study). Leave something to keep him occupied, and consider playing music/etc.
2. If the dog will be staying with you, keep him away from food. Avoid tables, where scraps can lay or food can sit tantalizingly close. If a guest offers your dog food, politely inform your guest that human food can be toxic for dogs and that you would prefer for your dog not to eat any. Guests, especially children, might ask you if they can walk or pet the dog; if they do, tell them that feeding the dog food is not allowed. Do not leave the dog unattended – this is particularly dangerous outside, where stray fireworks can land or the dog can bolt from if fireworks go off or there is another loud noise.
3. Stay calm and alert. You’ll want to be on the lookout for anything that could scare your dog, but keep in mind that your dog can sense your emotions and will often copy them. For example: If you’re on edge and nervous, your dog will sense this and be on edge and nervous as well. Clearly, you can’t control your guests’ behavior, but take the following precautions:
* Stay aware of the effect of the party’s tone on your dog. If your dog starts to become anxious or overly active, the best option can be to put him in a separate room, crate, etc. Ask kids to play away from your dog. Children running around can be especially upsetting for a dog, and it’s a good idea to ask any kids upsetting your dog to quiet down or play in a separate area.
4. Watch out for stray fireworks. These are an unfortunate danger in places where fireworks have been set off or have been set off nearby, and it’s wise to stay on guard for any, as fireworks are unpredictable and can be highly dangerous.
## Parade
1. Consider leaving your dog at home. Parades can be stressful, and often the best option is to leave him at home in a crate or room, as described in the section on parties. If you don’t want to leave your dog alone, another option is to leave him with friends or family not attending. However, if you do decide to bring your dog with you, follow the steps below to keep your dog as calm and safe as possible.
2. Purchase or gather the supplies you may need. These include:
* A crate for securing your dog. A secure leash and collar. A harness or controlling item such as a head collar might be preferred, as your dog may pull. A muzzle. This is a necessary safety precaution, as the sights and sounds of a parade can distress your dog to the point of biting. A collapsible water bowl and water. Your pet must be kept hydrated, as should you.
3. Introduce your dog to the parade gradually. Though you likely won’t be able to follow through a complete desensitization due to lack of time, you can introduce your dog gradually – at first, simply allow him to adjust to the sight, smell, and noise of the crowd at a closer and closer distance, and the parade using the same rules.
4. Keep your dog under control. You should only bring a dog to a parade if he has been obedience trained, but even if he has been, keep a closer eye on your dog than usual. Watch for signs that your dog is uneasy or upset; if the parade upsets your dog too much, you can take him away from the parade or, if possible, set up a crate in a secure location.
5. Keep your dog as safe as possible. Keeping your dog in a car is never a safe option, as the heat can give your dog heatstroke – or even kill him – and water must be provided regularly to prevent heat stroke and keep your dog hydrated. Read this article for information on treating heat stroke.
## Firework show
1. Consider leaving your dog at home. As with parades, fireworks can be upsetting and even dangerous for dogs. Dogs who are startled by them can run off and escape, and, even if they have an up-to-date tag and microchip, are not guaranteed to be found or returned. Optionally, you can consult a veterinarian for information on drugging your dog, but in general, bringing your dog is discouraged, and should only be done if your dog:
* Has heard fireworks before and did not strongly react to them;
* Has an up-to-date tag and microchip;
* Has basic obedience training; “come” in particular must be rock-solid; and
* Is calm around crowds, playing kids, other dogs, and various other features of fireworks.
2. Gather your supplies. These are the same as in the section on parades.
3. Train your dog. If your dog appears anxious, do not reassure him – this will reward him for bad behavior, as in essence he is receiving a yummy treat when he is afraid, telling him that he should be afraid. Instead, give him attention and a treat whenever he is calm; you are now telling him that being calm is good. Use small treats easily swallowed with a strong scent to distract the dog.
4. Keep an eye on your dog. Signs of anxiety include the dog licking his lips, whimpering, a tense position, and showing the whites of his eyes; if these occur, quietly and calmly remove the dog from the situation. Keep your dog hydrated; bring along a collapsible water bowl and bottles of water and offer water to your dog occasionally. Keep in mind that he may be too stressed to drink – if this happens, the best option may be to remove your dog from the situation. If your dog is calm, you can distract him with treats, a Kong toy stuffed with peanut butter, a favorite toy, or any other desirable object.
5. Be prepared to leave. If your dog is too stressed by the fireworks, the best option is to immediately leave for your home. If you’re attending the fireworks with others, tell them in advance that you may have to leave if your dog becomes too anxious. At home, have a crate set up in the same manner described in the section on parties. Keep in mind that a car is not a safe option for putting your dog in, as the heat levels can kill him/her; instead, the safest option is to leave with your dog and place him in the crate. Once he’s settled in, you can return to the fireworks and have fun.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to copy and create arrays in sketchup? </s> <|assistant|> Arrays are multiple copies of entities that you create in SketchUp. It can take a while to 'get' it, but once you do, you will find it very helpful. Read this article to learn how.
## External array
1. Open up SketchUp and select the item that you wish to copy.
2. Click on the Move icon and start to move it. After you start to move it, press down on CTRL and move it to where you want the copy. If you want 5 of them, press 5x. 5x and then Enter
3. If you want your copy a particular distance away from the original, once you have moved it, type in the distance and enter. 5' and then Enter
## Linear array
1. Have some idea of the number you will need. That is because you will be creating a space for the array to fill.
2. Select the entity, start to move, press CTRL and move a distance away. Once you have it there, type in the number of total copies you want. In this instance, 4/ to create a total of 5 doghouses. 4/ and then Enter
* If it doesn't look right and you haven't done anything else, you can type in another number and it will change.
3. If you want to make a 'field' of your entities, select them and do it again. In the screenshot at the beginning of the article, 3/ and Enter was pressed to get all of the doghouses.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Why don't rally cars have airbags? </s> <|assistant|> If you are ever lucky enough to drive a competition car, the first thing that will strike you is that you can't move. Once you're in your bucket seat with your fire retardant overalls on, wearing a full face helmet and neck brace and strapped firmly in with your multipoint harness, you'll feel like you've been pinned to the seat.
You can't look over your shoulder like you can in a road car. You can't reach the location where the glove-box is. In the event of a collision, the chances of your helmet coming into contact with the steering wheel are absolutely minimal.
However, if you watch rally cars in action, especially on gravel, you'll see them yumping (rally speak of hitting a jump), you'll see them in and out of ditches, ruts and rivers. Many of the impacts a rally car suffers during normal use would far exceed the trigger points to deploy a standard air-bag. Deployment of such a device when landing an airborne car that's travelling in excess of 120mph (200km/h) with spectator lined roads could have deadly consequences.
Similarly, in racing when there are multiple cars jostling for position on the same piece of track, deployment would be likely from all the "door handling" (a term to describe "acceptable" contact between race cars) and if one in the middle of a pack were to deploy, forcing the drivers hands away from the wheel, it would likely cause carnage.
In summary, air bags are not fitted to competition cars because they could pose a serious and significant risk to both the occupants of the cars and people outside such as other competitors, marshals and spectators. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to pin internet explorer shortcuts to the windows taskbar (with windows 8.1)? </s> <|assistant|> Ever since Windows 7, it's been easy to pin Internet Explorer shortcuts. However, when Windows 8.1 came out in October 2013, they complicated this process a bit. Learn the newest processes to pinning an Internet Explorer shortcut to the taskbar, starting at Step 1 in Method 1 below.
## Drag icon directly to taskbar
1. Use the Internet Explorer program on your Windows desktop. Don't use the app that comes with your computer that is native to Windows 8.1.
2. Browse to the site you'd like to pin to the taskbar.
3. Look for the icon to the left of the address in the URL box/address bar.
4. Click and drag this icon into your taskbar.
## Slightly more complicate through the former feature method
1. Use the Internet Explorer program on your Windows desktop. Don't use the app that comes with your computer that is native to Windows 8.1.
2. Browse to the site you'd like to pin to the taskbar.
3. Click the Gears button in the top right corner of the screen just below the x button that will close the screen and click "Add site to Apps".
4. Look down at your Windows Taskbar, a few seconds later. The page should have unhooked itself from the main Internet explorer E icon from your Windows taskbar and opened itself up as a temporary pin on your taskbar.
5. Right click the item in the list and select "Pin to Taskbar".
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> I believe artificial intelligence (AI) term is overused nowadays. For example, people see that something is self-moving and they call it AI, even if it's on autopilot (like cars or planes) or there is some simple algorithm behind it.
What are the minimum general requirements so that we can say something is AI? </s> <|assistant|> It's true that the term has become a buzzword, and is now widely used to a point of confusion - however if you look at the definition provided by Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig, they write it as follows:
> We define AI as the study of agents that receive percepts from the environment and perform actions. Each such agent implements a function that maps percept sequences to actions, and we cover different ways to represent these functions, such as reactive agents, real-time planners, and decision-theoretic systems. We explain the role of learning as extending the reach of the designer into unknown environments, and we show how that role constrains agent design, favoring explicit knowledge representation and reasoning.
Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach - Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig
So the example you cite, "autopilot for cars/planes", is actually a (famous) form of AI as it has to use a form of knowledge representation to deal with unknown environments and circumstances. Ultimately, these systems also collect data so that the knowledge representation can be updated to deal with the new inputs that they have found. They do this with autopilot for cars all the time
To answer your question, for something to be considered as "having AI", it needs to be able to deal with unknown environments/circumstances in order to achieve its objective/goal, and render knowledge in a manner that provides for new learning/information to be added easily. There are many different types of well defined knowledge representation methods, ranging from the popular neural net, through to probabilistic models like bayesian networks (belief networks) - but fundamentally actions by the system must be derived from whichever representation of knowledge you choose for it to be considered as AI. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> I came across a piece of code ```void *p = &&abc;```. What is the significance of ```&&``` here?
I know about rvalue references but I think ```&&``` used in this context is different. What does ```&&``` indicate in ```void *p = &&abc;``` ? </s> <|assistant|> ## How to find it out
That's the address of a label and it's a feature specific to GCC.
```int main(void) {
void* startp;
s:
startp = &&s;
printf("the assignment above starts at address %p\n", startp);
return 0;
}
```
You could have figured it out yourself by testing:
```int main(void) {
void* startp;
int a;
startp = &&a;
printf("startp=%p\n", startp);
return 0;
}
```
In which case GCC says:
> error: label ‘a’ used but not defined
## Under the hood - assembly
You need to know assembler to really understand this, but I'll try to explain you what an address of a label means.
After the OS loads the .exe file from the disk, a component of the operating system called "the loader" (windows has the "PE Loader", linux has "ELF loader" or maybe even others, if they're compiled in the kernel), it does a "virtualization" of that program, turning it into a process.
This process thinks it is the only one in RAM and it has access to the entire RAM (that is, 0x00000000-0xFFFFFFFF on a 32-bit machine).
(the above is just a short overwiew of what's happenning, you really need to learn assembly to understand it fully, so bear with me)
Now, the label in a source code is basically an address. "goto label;" does nothing else than a jump to that address (think about the instruction pointer in assembly). This label stores this RAM address, and that's how you can find out that address.
After you've learned ASM, you'll realize that that address points to a instruction within the ```.text``` section of the executable. The ```.text``` section is the one which holds you program's (binary) code to be executed.
You can inspect this with:
```
objdump -x a.out
``` </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> You are a shady person of power and you need to write a letter of recommendation for your maid who goes above and beyond the job description. </s> <|assistant|> To whom it may concern,
I am Fear Lord! Scourge of Humanity, Vanquisher of Captain Pillow, and Grand Ruler of 2/3 of Australia! Bow before me!
I write you today on behalf of Consuela! Scourge of Dust, Vanquisher of Laundry, and Grand Maid of Fear Lord Tower.
You shall hire Consuela to do your bidding or you shall hear from Fear Lord! Consuela is the most astute servant that Fear Lord has ever seen. Should my plans include killing the human race, I would spare Consuela for her ability to rid the world of the bodies. Her services are above reproach, any who say otherwise shall incur the wrath of me! Fear Lord! Muahaha!
So, puny potential employer, take note of her abilities. She masterfully cleans blood from carpets! She is able to attach laser beams to various animals! She has the magical ability to fold fitted sheets!
Consuela is too good for you! Hire her at once.
Sincerely,
Fear Lord! Scourge of Humanity, Vanquisher of Captain Pillow, and Grand Ruler of 2/3 of Australia!
p.s. Bow before me! </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> I'm looking for a precise piece of information in a database which I have no knowledge about. The database is on a separate machine, but I can log into it, and launch a ```psql``` command line, with administrator rights.
It's a third-party product, and they are slow to answer questions. I know the data is inside that database, so I want to do a little bit of reverse-engineering.
Given a table name, is it possible to get a list of the names of the columns in that table?
For example, in SQL Server, it's possible to dump a table into a reusable ```CREATE``` statement, which textually lists all the columns the table is composed of. </s> <|assistant|> The information schema is the slow and sure way: it is standardized and largely portable to other databases that support it. And it will keep working across major versions.
However, views in the information schema often join many tables from the system catalogs to meet a strictly standardized format - many of which are just dead freight most of the time. This makes them slow.
The Postgres developers aren't making promises, but basics (like what is needed here) aren't going to change across major versions.
More detailed assessment:
* Query to output names and data types of a query, table or view
```psql``` (the native command-line interface) takes the fast lane, of course, and queries the source directly. If you start ```psql``` with the parameter ```-E```, the SQL behind backslash commands like ```\d``` is displayed. Or ```\set ECHO_HIDDEN on``` from the psql command line. Starting from there you can build an answer to your question.
Given one table, is it possible to have a list of the names of the columns for this table.
```SELECT attrelid::regclass AS tbl
, attname AS col
, atttypid::regtype AS datatype
-- more attributes?
FROM pg_attribute
WHERE attrelid = 'myschema.mytable'::regclass -- table name optionally schema-qualified
AND attnum > 0
AND NOT attisdropped
ORDER BY attnum;
```
Faster than querying ```information_schema.columns```. Try ```EXPLAIN ANALYZE``` to see for yourself. Still hardly matters for a one-time look-up. But might make a difference if used in a query / function that's repeated many times.
There are also subtle differences in visibility. The following artical has detailed comparison:
* How to check if a table exists in a given schema
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> You start with the number 1536. Your mission is to get to 1 in as few steps as possible. At each step, you may either multiply or divide the number you have, by either 2 or 3; but, only if the result is a whole number whose first digit is 1, 3, 4, or 9. That is all. </s> <|assistant|> As Jo has already shown, this can be accomplished in
28 steps. This is minimal, and it can be proven.
To help visualize this problem, we can imagine:
A two-dimensional grid/chart where each point is a number of the form $3^x2^y$, with $(x,y)$ as the relevant co-ordinates. We want to find a path from $(1,9)$ to $(0,0)$ while making only one step up/down/left/right at a time, and ensuring that the numbers we step on have their most significant digit in the set {1,3,4,9}.
Here is what the chart looks like for the range $(0,0)$ to $(10,10)$. The dashes represent numbers that do not begin with {1,3,4,9}, and so are unusable in our path.
```1024 3072 9216 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- .```
```---- 1536 4608 13824 41472 124416 373248 1119744 3359232 10077696 30233088 .```
```---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- 186624 ---- 1679616 ---- 15116544 .```
```128 384 1152 3456 10368 31104 93312 ---- ---- ---- ---- .```
```---- 192 ---- 1728 ---- 15552 46656 139968 419904 1259712 3779136 .```
```32 96 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- 1889568 .```
```16 48 144 432 1296 3888 11664 34992 104976 314928 944784 .```
```---- ---- ---- ---- ---- 1944 ---- 17496 ---- 157464 472392 .```
```4 12 36 108 324 972 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- .```
```---- ---- 18 ---- 162 486 1458 4374 13122 39366 118098 .```
```1 3 9 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- 19683 ---- .```
From here, we can see two different routes of 28 steps each: (1536->373248->93312->384->48->3888->972->36->9->1) and (1536->373248->46656->3779136->944784->3888->972->36->9->1).
Proving minimality:
Since a path of length 28 exists (we've found two), we can rule out anything that's too far away to be used in a shortest path.
Moving from (1,9) to (0,0) must take at least ten steps on its own, so we can move at most nine steps completely out of the way (and nine steps back) in a shortest route. That limits us to only considering x-coordinates up to 10; any further would require making at least ten '*3' steps, eleven '÷3' steps, and at least nine '÷2' steps, putting the route definitely longer than 28.
With our x-coordinate limited to [0,10], we now look at the bottlenecks.
It should be clear that any shortest route must start by going from 1536 to 93312 in seven steps, and must end by going from 3888 to 1 in nine steps. These are both forced by unique bottlenecks; there is only one way to step from $(x,7)$ to $(x,6)$ and only one way to step from $(x,3)$ to $(x,2)$ in this range.
This leaves at most twelve steps to go from 93312 to 3888. Either by observation or by pointing out that there are only two ways to go from $(x,6)$ to $(x,5)$, we can see that there are exactly two shortest routes from 93312 to 3888, and both require all twelve steps.
Therefore, the shortest route is 28 steps, and there are exactly two ways to do so, both of which are described in Jo's solution and below the chart.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Why does PRC devalue its currency on purpose, but Turkey is worried about the devaluation of its currency? </s> <|assistant|> Trade surplus/deficit
Devaluing one's currency means mostly one thing: It becomes more expensive to import products from abroad, while one's own products become comparably cheaper to buy on the world market. That means a country which exports lots of goods wants to devalue their currency while a country which imports lots of goods does not.
In 2016, Turkey imported goods worth US $186 billion and exported goods worth US $156 billion. That means they had a trade deficit of 19%.
However, China only imported goods worth US $1.23 trillion and exported goods worth US $2.27 trillion in 2016. That means they had a trade surplus of 84%.
Which is why China wants to devalue their currency while Turkey does not.
Debt management
Another reason to devalue one's currency is that it reduces any debts denoted in that currency. If a country has a problem of too much public and private debt, then an easy way to get rid of it is to cause a hyperinflation.
China happens to have a debt-to-gdp ratio of 47.6% while Turkey only has one of 28.3%. When you look at the private debt (debt of private citizens and companies in the country), you see the same picture. Private debit in Turkey was 170% of GDP, while China's is rumored to be over 300%.
Which is why reducing debt through causing inflation seems more attractive to China than to Turkey.
Foreign investor relations
So why don't all countries get rid of their debt by adding a few zeroes to their bank notes? Because inflating your currency is a surefire way to drive away any foreign investors. Nobody will invest money into your country when that money might be worth nothing in a few years. Investors want stable currencies. Again, we observe the same difference in motivation between Turkey and China here. Turkey is actively inviting foreign investors, but China is quite reluctant to allow foreign economic influence in their country. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to play sonic unleashed for xbox 360? </s> <|assistant|> Some people may find Sonic Unleashed on the Xbox 360 hard. But it's pretty easy with practice. Some may find it hard to press several buttons quickly.
## Controller basics
1. When you're holding the controller, put your index & middle finger on the trigger and bumper buttons (so you'll be ready to drift when needed) and put your left thumb on the right analog stick and left thumb on the A,X,Y and B buttons.
2. The left control stick is used to move Sonic; the A button is used for jumping ; the B button is used to boost; the X button is used to stomp or crouch; the Y button is used for the light speed dash; the trigger buttons are used for drifting; and the bumper buttons are used for side stepping left and right.
3. Many new skills and upgrades can be obtained through certain conditions, progressing through the game, or by buying them with yellow diamonds you get from enemies.
## Boost guidelines
1. To reach the highest speeds, drift in a straight line (this is not something you need to do, but it does speed you along and again it's more of an expert technique).
2. When you're on a slope going upwards, when near you're near top of it, jump and it will give you maximum height and to boost over some areas.
3. Try boosting then jumping right after then boosting again in the air to boost over a whole area.
## Attack techniques
1. The main method of defeating enemies is the homing attack. Try to use this also for combo attacks for bonus points and getting to places beyond Sonic's reach or to correct any missed/wrongly timed jumps.
2. Stomping is another way of attacking enemies and is used best when attacking from above or when a homing attack doesn't work or isn't as effective.
3. Ironically enough, you can actually use the speed boost and drift to take down groups of enemies at high speeds that you normally can't take down or would take longer with conventional attack moves.
## 2d platforming
1. 2D sections are more platform based and as a result are much harder and take longer to do. Remember to not be as reckless when going through these sections; do not use the speed boost unless Sonic is running in a harmless path.
2. Properly time your homing attacks, crouches, light speed dashes, and wall jumps by being as fast as possible, pressing the button combos well, and by following the on-screen button prompt as it's needed in order to succeed through 2D platforming.
3. Take alternate routes with cannons, grind rails, zip-lines, and other mechanisms to skip large portions of the 2D sections with little to no risk.
## Trick
1. There are many tricks and techniques that aren't mentioned in the game or is difficult to pull off. One should master them to beat the levels more easily and have a better time, which includes the aerial boost, parkour, sky diving, and drifting.
2. Aerial boosting is simply pressing a set of buttons that appear on-screen when Sonic files into the air and everything becomes slow; successfully pressing these buttons within a short time allows Sonic to go over gaps and reach out of reach places.
3. Parkour tricks such as running on walls and wall-jumping (in 3D areas) can be utilized by speed boosting on walls and pressing the button that appears on-screen when Sonic attempts to wall-jump on certain walls.
4. Sky diving is simply diving really fast while in the air after Sonic is free falling to an area below; pressing the X button will increase your speed while titling the control stick controls your position which can help avoid obstacles and reach the ground faster.
5. Drifting is turning around sharp corners without losing speed; this is difficult to maneuver as Sonic's natural speed interferes with his handling - simply tilt the control stick left and right (slightly) to make drifting easier to do.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to be organized during the holidays? </s> <|assistant|> ## Personal holiday organization
1. Plan for sleep. One of the dangers of the holiday season is that you schedule too much and don't budget enough time for sleep and exercise. These 2 practices can cut your stress level in half and make it easier to stay on task during your holiday rush. It is common to reduce your exercise time slightly during the holidays, but try to get about 30 minutes of mid-intensity cardiovascular exercise 5 times per week. Don't not cut down on your sleep; aim for 8 hours per night. Moderate your alcohol intake. Although it may seem like a sedative, it can actually prevent you from getting deep sleep. Stop after a few drinks to avoid losing your energy the next day.
2. Set a budget 2 months before the holidays. Take into account how much you can afford and then split the money between cards, postage stamps, gifts, decorations, clothing, food and even a party. Plan an overage of 10 percent in your budget. This means all of your needs should add up to 90 percent of the money you have for the holidays.
3. Sit down with your family 6 weeks before the holiday and ask for help. If you love control, this may be hard to do; however, it will take a load off your shoulders and make everyone feel like the holidays don't come together magically.
4. Discuss the possibility of doing a low-gift giving Christmas or a charity project with your family. If your budget is tight, then giving 1 present or buying 1 big present for the whole family might be better. Studies have also shown that charity projects can help your emotional health during stressful times.
5. Book travel plans 3 or more months before the holidays. Ticket prices tend to go up right before the holidays. Make sure you have lower travel costs and less stress associated with travel if you and your children or parents have their plans figured out in advance.
6. Use a calendar that everyone can see, online or in the house. Place all commitments, deadlines, family nights and tasks on it so that everyone can refer back to it over the month of December.
## Holiday shop organization
1. Schedule shopping intelligently rather than in blocks. The following are good tips that make holiday shopping more effective and quick:
* Buy things throughout the year, whenever you see something that is ideal for someone. You provide more thoughtful gifts if they are catered to the person, rather than bought frantically the month before. Store your gifts in 1 place in your house and come back to your gift hiding place 6 weeks before Chanukah or Christmas. Take a few hours off work during mid-week once the holiday sales start. You will miss the rush and have a more calm shopping experience. Shop in small spurts online. Getting online for hours can be a waste of time. Keep a list in your purse of things you are looking for, and add to it. Wait until you have 2 or 3 things you know you want to search for and do your power shopping. Open 3 browser tabs and compare prices on Amazon, Overtock.com and a Google Shopping page. Don't be afraid to give gift certificates. Many stores, massage parlors, movie theaters and more provide gift certificates. Think of something that your friends or family will find truly valuable over a product you are unsure they will like.
2. Set up a wrapping station on a table in late November or early December. Wrap gifts as soon as you bring them home. This will remove the chance that children will find their gifts and it will allow you to get both shopping and wrapping done at a slow and steady pace.
3. Aim to finish your shopping and wrapping by December 15th. Schedule your time accordingly, so that you can enjoy the holidays and be ready for any last-minute changes.
## Holiday cook organization
1. Clean your kitchen from top to bottom before attempting holiday baking or cooking. Try to do this in late November or early December. Rearrange things that overnight guests will need, such as coffee and cereal, in an easy to reach cupboard and create a baking cupboard.
2. Stock up on baking supplies early in the season. Buy flour, sugar and spices at warehouse stores so that you don't have to make late night runs to the supermarket. Buy some pre-made pie crusts and cookies to keep around in case you don't have time to do everything from scratch.
3. Bake throughout the holiday season. Clear out your freezer, and then create a cooking to do list that allows you to make and freeze items every week. For example, bake 1 sweet, such as cookies or candy, and prepare 1 side dish in preparation. Cover and label the dishes very well before you stack them on a freezer. For example, "Sweet Potatoes. Thaw and bake at 350 for 30 minutes."
4. Plan a holiday potluck party instead of baking all of the food. This is a great way to lower your budget and have fun. Allow people to bring desserts, side dishes or relish to family dinners as well; they understand your kitchen is very full.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> What are some current jobs that will become completely automated or obsolete within the next decade? </s> <|assistant|> Here are some examples of jobs that may become fully automated by the 2030's:
* Truck Drivers. With the current pace of advances in AI, we may see more and more semi-autonomous and even fully-autonomous vehicles on the road over the next few years. As of 2021, there are about 3.5 million truck drivers in the US alone, many of which may be replaced by fully-autonomous trucks by 2030.
* Customer Service Representatives. As of the early 2020's, text and voice-based chatbots are already supplementing agents in call centers. This trend is expected to grow exponentially, especially with the recent surge in large language models, to a point where only a handful of human representatives may be needed to assist with extreme cases.
* Professional Translators. Machine translation is already commoditized via Google Translate and similar products. As this technology becomes more robust, it is easy to imagine official documents and even novels being translated into dozens of languages at a flip of a switch.
It is important to remember that these suggestions are speculative, since technological advances and their impact on society are hard to predict. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> I'm hosting friends for dinner tomorrow. What's an easy recipe that will impress? </s> <|assistant|> How about Italian cuisine? Pasta is usually a crowd pleaser, and not too difficult to prepare. Here's a recipe for **tortellini carbonara**:
Ingredients:
* 1lb of cheese tortellini
* 2 cups heavy cream
* 1 cup grated parmesan cheese
* 1/2 cup fresh parsley, chopped
* 8 strips of bacon, chopped
Directions:
1. Cook the tortellini in boiling water. When ready, drain the cooking water.
2. At the same time, fry bacon over medium heat until crisp in a large pan. Stir from time to time to prevent the bacon from burning. Once ready, remove the bacon and drain on paper towels.
3. In same pan, pour the cream, cheese, parsley and bacon. Cook over medium heat, until ready.
4. Add the tortellini into the pan, and stir for under a minute until the pasta is embossed with the sauce.
5. Serve and enjoy! </s> <|prompter|> Sounds delicious, but we're Jewish. </s> <|assistant|> My apologies. Allow me to suggest a kosher alternative that uses salmon as the main protein instead of bacon. Since fish are considered parve (neutral) in Jewish dietary laws, they can be eaten alongside dairy products. Here is a recipe for **creamy salmon linguine**:
Ingredients:
* 1lb linguine
* 1lb broccoli florets
* 1lb Atlantic salmon filet
* 2 tablespoons butter
* 2 garlic cloves, minced
* 2 cups heavy cream
* juice from 1 lemon
* 1 cup grated parmesan cheese
* 1/2 cup fresh parsley, chopped
* 1/4 teaspoon salt
* 1/4 teaspoon pepper
Directions:
1. Preheat the oven to 350F. Bake the salmon in a baking tray until ready (approximately 15 minutes, depending on slice). When ready, separate the cooked salmon from the skin, and shred it using two large forks on a separate plate.
2. Meanwhile, cook linguine in boiling water. Add broccoli during the last 5 minutes of cooking. When ready, drain the cooking water.
3. In a large pan, melt the butter over medium heat. Add the garlic and stir for 1 minute. Stir in the cream and the lemon juice, and bring to a boil. Lower the heat and keep stirring for 3 minutes to reduce the sauce.
4. Add the salmon, followed by the linguine and broccoli. Top with the parmesan cheese, parsley, salt, and pepper, stirring all the ingredients for 1-2 minutes.
5. Serve and enjoy! </s> <|prompter|> Thanks! Can you pair a wine for this meal? </s> <|assistant|> I recommend pairing the creamy salmon linguine with a full-bodied white wine, such as Chardonnay. However, selecting the right bottle of wine is really a matter of personal taste. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> In this task, you're given a pair of sentences, sentence 1 and sentence 2. Your job is to determine if the two sentences clearly agree/disagree with each other, or if this can't be determined. Indicate your answer as yes or no respectively.
Sentence 1: One of the first organizational realignments taking place is in the Office of the Taxpayer Advocate. Sentence 2: The office of the taxpayer advocate is having an organizational realignment. </s> <|assistant|> These two sentences agree with each other, because both sentences refer to the reorganization of an official department. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> A 15 yr old girl writes a spaghetti western story, not realising that pasta has nothing to do with it. This is that story. </s> <|assistant|> They say man cannot live on bread alone.
I say they're right.
The sun hung in the sky like a giant ball of tagliatelle. It hung with the heat of a thousand boiling pots.
It wasn't the only thing boiling. My blood felt that same heat and made it a part of me.
I was the Gemelli Kid.
See, my dad ran Gemelli out to the Gardens for twenty years. He used to bring me a big jar of olives back on every trip. I remember sitting in my room with the window open, even when it was hot as hell. When I heard the sound of his horse, his cart, I would run outside with my hands stretched out like casarecce. Each time he would smile and laugh with the sun behind him so that his face was just a circle of shadow from his hat. Every time he'd reach behind his back and pull out a jar and hand it to me. I kept every single one. I would line em up in my room. I could track the path of my life in a row of dusty glass.
Yet that's all gone now, vanished like a bowl of rigatoni after a sunday dinner. No dust, no jars, no house.
No father.
When you lose your past you get two choices, and they ain't gonna be salad or breadsticks. You live for the present or you live for the future. A good person would live for the future. They would take what had happen and move on. They would take the lumps and smooth em out and feed em into the press.
I ain't no good person.
The Fazoli's killed my father. He didn't just pasta way. They tore him apart until there was nothing left: Zip, Zilch, Ziti.
That's why I'm here. I came to this one-bowl town to lay down the lasagna.
Cause the red sauce is gonna pour tonight. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How are differences in the House and Senate version of a bill resolved? </s> <|assistant|> The differences between the two bills are resolved by a conference committee. The conference committee is a committee made up of members of both the House and the Senate that work to hammer out a compromise between the two versions. Once a compromise is reached, the conference committee reports the compromise back to their respective houses. If both houses pass the conference committee report, it goes to the president for signature. If not, it is dead.
Note that this is a very simplified description of the process. There are many procedural hurdles in both houses that can derail a bill even before it gets to conference committee. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to identify different types of forklifts? </s> <|assistant|> Whether you're new to forklifts, or an experienced operator, it is always important to know as much as you can about forklifts and their operation. It is equally important to be able to identify different forklifts, both by look and name. This is especially important when searching for forklift operating jobs, as it will allow you to know which type of forklift you will be operating and if you have the experience to do so.
## Identify basic "forklifts" and jack
1. Know what manual pallet jacks are. Although not usually considered a forklift, pallet jacks are some of the most common manual forms of pallet handling that people will come across in logistics industries. Manual pallet jacks are usually very simple in design; the handle lever is squeezed to lower the pallet jack forks for insertion into a pallet, and the handle lever is moved in the opposite direction to engage the hydraulics that allows the pallet to be raised by pumping the handle.
2. Familiarize yourself with motorized pallet jacks. Motorized pallet jacks, on the other hand, are much more varied than manual pallet jacks. They are almost always powered by electric batteries. Some are walk-behind, some are ride-on, and some even require the operator to take a side stance to ride on/operate, which is considerably more difficult to learn. Motorized pallet jacks usually have extended pallet forks that are used to handle two pallets at a time for greater efficiency in large warehouse operations, such as order picking. However, single pallet handlers are more common in smaller warehouses, for greater maneuverability and ease of use.
3. Learn to recognize walkie stackers. Walkie stackers, also known as pedestrian forklifts, are still usually not considered a true forklift. However, they very closely resemble a forklift with forks, a mast, backrest, etc. They are almost always operated with a walk-behind pedestrian operator. They are frequently used in retail, very small storerooms, small scale warehousing, etc.
## Identify counterbalance forklifts
1. Know what standard counterbalance forklifts are. Being the most iconic, recognized, and popular type of forklift, a standard counterbalance forklift is a forklift where the driver sits facing the forks, and the counterweight is everything behind the front wheels of the forklift.
2. Consider how different standard counterbalance forklifts are powered. These forklifts can be powered by anything, from batteries, petrol (gasoline), diesel, LPG/propane gas bottles, and other forms of fuel, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. For example, internal combustion forklifts (petrol, LPG, diesel, etc) are generally faster and have greater lifting capacities than electric/battery-powered forklifts. However, for health and safety reasons, combustion forklifts cannot be used in confined spaces (e.g. shipping containers, small warehouses, etc) due to the exhaust gasses produced when in operation.
3. Be familiar with how many wheels standard counterbalance forklifts have. They can be either 4-wheeled or 3-wheeled; two wheels at the front and one at the back allows for greater maneuverability, at the expense of stability. This is why 4-wheeled forklifts are usually more common, as they generally still have more than enough maneuverability for most applications in small spaces.
## Identify warehouse forklifts
1. Get to know reach forklifts. Designed for usage for indoors and on flat surfaces, reach forklifts (also known as high-reach forklifts) are named for their ability to reach high racking. (up to 12 metres (39ft) or more!!!) Depending on the forklift manufacturer, the reaching mechanism may be a moving mast type, or a moving forks and carriage type. Reach forklifts generally have lifting capacities of 1 ton to 2.5 tons. Lifting capacities above 2.5 ton are generally very rare due to many factors such as narrow aisle space and keeping the forklift compact (a stronger forklift must be larger and therefore unable to operate in narrow aisles) and also generally due to most loads in warehousing to be put in aisle racking usually just do not weigh more than 1- 2 tons. Reach forklifts drive differently, compared to counterbalance forklifts because the operator sits (or stands, depending on the model) sideways on the forklift. Reach forklifts are designed for narrow warehouse aisle use; the operator is able to look forward or backward without the neck strain of having to turn around. This sideways operator position, alongside with reversed steering controls, makes reach forklifts considerably challenging for a new operator to learn.
2. Know what double deep reach forklifts are. Double deep reach forklifts are very similar to reach forklifts. However, as the name suggests, they are able to retrieve/put away pallets that are stored in double deep racking, which are pallets that are stored one in front of each other in specially designed racks.
3. Familiarize yourself with order picker forklifts. Although an order picker forklift is considered a type of forklift, it is not used for regular forklift operations. Order picker forklifts require the operator to wear a harness and stand while operating, as they are used for lifting pallets alongside with the operator up into the air. The operator then typically picks up individual units of a product to manually stack on a pallet to "pick" an warehouse order; this is opposed to regular order picking, where workers can only pick products from ground level. An order picker forklift can allow operators to pick products quickly and efficiently at any level in the air.
4. Recognize the disadvantages of picker forklifts. The only main disadvantage of them is that they must be operated on flat ground, and they cannot be operated on slopes or uneven ground; they are top heavy, and this increases the risk of tip overs.
## Identify big forklifts
1. Know what a heavy duty forklift is. A heavy duty forklift is an umbrella term used to describe a counterbalance forklift with a high lifting capacity. Most standard counterbalance forklifts in warehouses and manufacturing plants will only have a lifting capacity of 1-3 tons, whereas heavy duty forklifts have a lifting capacity of 5 - 50+ tons!
2. Understand how heavy duty forklifts operate. All heavy duty forklifts will require significant space to be able to maneuver around. The higher the lifting capacity the forklift has, the larger the rear end (counterweight) of the forklift will need to be. The vast majority of heavy duty forklifts will be powered by diesel fuel, though some lower end heavy duty forklifts (with lifting capacities up to 8-10 tons) may still be powered by LPG/propane gas bottles or petrol fuel.While It is generally very uncommon to encounter battery powered heavy duty forklifts, a few forklift companies have recently started to offer them up to the 20 ton range.
3. Learn about container handling forklifts. Container handling forklifts generally come in two types: Laden and Unladen (i.e. for handling full or empty containers, respectively). Laden container handling forklifts are usually capable of stacking full shipping containers 4-5 high, with lifting capacities ranging from 35-50 tons. Unladen container handling forklifts are able to stack as high as 8 or 9 shipping containers high, but with a lifting capacity of only 7-10 tons (empty shipping containers generally only weigh 3-5 tons). For these reasons, an unladen container handling forklift cannot be used for handling laden shipping containers, as it will be extremely overloaded. (full shipping containers can weigh anywhere from 10-30 tons).
4. Learn about reach stackers. Reach stackers are technically not forklifts at all; as they do not have a mast or forks to lift loads, instead, they operate with a heavy duty boom that extends from the rear to the front of the reach stacker, and they lift shipping containers using a container handling attachment. Reach stackers often are highly sophisticated machines with on-board computers and other technologies. Their load capacity usually ranges from 40-50 tons. However, due to the extending boom feature, overloading is still possible.
## Identify specialist forklifts
1. Learn about Articulated VNA Forklifts. Pictured here, Articulated VNA (Very Narrow Aisle) Forklifts are generally known as "Bendi" or "Flexi" Forklifts. Articulated Forklifts are special types of forklifts which are articulated from the front end (wheels, mast, and forks and carriage) so that they are able to perform both duties of a counterbalance forklift (loading trucks) and a reach forklift (retrieve/put away stock in narrow aisles). Another variation of the articulated forklift is the "Turret truck" also known as the "Man-up forklift", named so, as much like an order picker forklift, turret truck forklifts lift the operator high up in the air along with the forks. Much like "bendi" articulated forklifts, turret trucks allow for maximized warehouse storage space by greatly reducing the aisle widths - however unlike bendi forklifts, turret trucks cannot be operated outside, on slopes or on uneven ground, similar as order picking forklifts.
2. Identify an all terrain forklift. Generally similar in operation to standard counterbalance forklifts, the main difference is All terrain forklifts usually have large trodden tires, for use on all terrain ground, dirt, mud, grass, etc, where regular solid forklift tires would simply not operate on the ground - they would have no traction and get "bogged". All terrain forklifts are generally best identified by the large trodden tires and a similar appearance to a small tractor.
3. Learn about side loaders. A side loader, or multi-directional forklift, is a specialist type of forklift used mainly for the moving of long shaped loads, such as timber, piping, etc. Its main feature is it is able to be driven in different directions; for example, it can be driven sideways after retrieving a long load from an aisle - which greatly eases the process of getting long loads in and out of racking storage - as opposed to turning a full 90 degrees with standard forklifts, a maneuvering problem exacerbated by long shaped loads.
4. Learn about telehandler forklifts. Similar in design to reach stackers, telehandler forklifts are a specialist type of forklift common in the construction industry, the use of a boom with the forks and carriage on the end allows the handling of loads to places standard mast type forklifts cannot reach, for example on a rooftop, in the middle of a large trailer, etc. Again with the boom extension care needs to be taken as lifting capacity can be significantly reduced.
5. Understand truck mounted forklifts. Truck mounted forklifts, also known as "donkey forklifts", are just as their name suggests. They are a small type of forklift that can be easily mounted on the back of a truck for transport, and easily taken off for use of loading or unloading the trucks on-site. These forklifts are generally built to be lightweight and very simple to operate, thus lifting capacities and lift heights are generally very low. Essentially they are used for lifting small loads on and off trucks, unless they are otherwise specially designed to perform other functions.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Apparently, the air inside a soap bubble is under higher pressure than the surrounding air. This is for instance apparent in the sound bubbles make when they burst. Why is the pressure inside the bubble higher in the first place? </s> <|assistant|> The increased pressure is caused by the surface tension between the soap and the surrounding air. This can be seen by a simple equilibrium energy argument. The total energy of the system reads
$$
E = E_i + E_o + E_s \;,
$$
where $E_i$ is the energy associated with the air inside the bubble, $E_s$ is the interfacial energy, and $E_o$ denotes the energy associated with the air outside of the bubble. Importantly, the contribution of the surface energy is given by $E_s = 2 \gamma A$, where $\gamma$ is the surface tension and $A$ is the surface area of the bubble. The factor of 2 emerges, since there are actually two interfaces (one facing the inside of the soap bubble and one facing the outside).
In equilibrium, the total energy will be minimal. We thus analyze the total differential of the energy. Here, the differentials of the partial energies of the air can be approximated by the ideal gas law, which yields $dE_i = -p_i dV_i$ and $dE_o = -p_o dV_o$.
Next, we have to discuss the degrees of freedom of the system. Generally, the soap bubble wants to keep its spherical shape to minimize the surface area (and thus the surface energy $E_s$) at a given volume. This leaves us with a single parameter, the radius $R$ of the bubble, which can be varied in any process. The volume differentials then become $dV_1 = 4\pi R^2 dR$ and $dV_2 = -4\pi R^2 dR$. Additionally, the surface area changes by $dA = 8\pi R dR$. The differential of the surface energy thus reads $dE_s = 2\gamma 8\pi R dR$, provided that the surface tension stays constant.
Now we got everything and can express the differential of the total energy as
$$
dE = -p_i 4 \pi R^2 dR + p_o 4\pi R^2 dR + 2\gamma 8\pi R dR \;.
$$
Dividing by $4\pi R^2$ and noting that $dE/dR$ vanishes in equilibrium, we thus arrive at
$$
p_i - p_o = \frac{4\gamma}{R} \;.
$$
This expression shows that the pressure inside the bubble is large than outside. The pressure difference is two times the Laplace pressure $2\gamma/R$. </s> <|prompter|> Can this be viewed intuitively from the perpective of the fact that in order for a bubble to form a higher-pressure must be applied to the air in front of the bubble; i.e. it must be blown into? Since this high-pressure air is the air that goes into the bubble, shouldn't this air be of this higher pressure for all time, rather like a balloon? </s> <|assistant|> It is true, that the ideas employed here are the same that would explain why the pressure inside a balloon is higher than outside. In order to inflate a balloon you want to blow extra air inside it. This is only possible when the pressure you create in your mouth is larger than the pressure in the interior of the balloon, since the air always flows from regions of large to small pressure in this example. Consequently, the fact that your have to blow quite a bit means that there is quite some pressure inside the balloon. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> In my room, I regularly have clothes that are clean enough not to go in the laundry, but not enough to go back in the wardrobe/closet. For example, a pair of jeans I wore yesterday, or a hoodie I slept in in the last few days. I currently put such clothes on a chair, but it usually just ends up as a pile of clothes.
I am looking for a better alternative for keeping these clothes easily accessible, preferably one that looks less messy and occupies less space than a chair. </s> <|assistant|> To keep you clothes easily accessible and less messy, one option is getting an IVAR side panel from IKEA.
Lean it against a wall at a slight angle and put these “limbo” clothes over the horizontal bars.
It comes in different sizes, and stands almost entirely flat against the wall if you don't use it. If you want it hidden, it usually fits behind a door pretty well.
In addition, it will also look rather unique compared to most people’s clothes-chair solution. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to change a diaper? </s> <|assistant|> Changing diapers is often a source of dread, fear, and humor for new parents and caregivers. Babies and toddlers who are not potty trained need to have their diapers changed every few hours to avoid rashes and discomfort. Create a diaper changing station so you can easily change disposable or cloth diapers at a moment's notice.
## Remove the diaper and clean the baby
1. Wash your hands. Before you change the diaper, wash your hands with soapy water. If you don't have access to a sink, you can rub hand sanitizer on your hands. If you don't have hand sanitizer, you can rub a clean baby wipe on your hands. If you work in a daycare, put on disposable gloves after washing your hands.
2. Prepare the clean diaper. Place the baby on the changing surface and get out a new diaper. If you're using a disposable diaper, unfold it. If you're using a cloth diaper, fold it or stuff it with an absorbent insert depending on the style of diaper you have. Set the diaper to the side so it's ready once you've removed the dirty diaper. Many people place the clean diaper directly under the dirty diaper before you remove it, to catch any accidents that occur during changing. Just keep in mind, the clean diaper can get dirty, so you may need to use a second one if that happens.
3. Unfasten and remove the dirty diaper. Pull away the tabs, snaps, or Velcro from the dirty diaper to unfasten it. Pull down the front part of the dirty diaper and gently lift the baby's legs up a little. If the diaper is wet, slide the back of the dirty diaper out from under the baby's bottom. If there is poop, use the front half of the dirty diaper to scoop as much of it off the baby as you can. Set the dirty diaper aside until you can fold it. Hold the baby’s legs in one hand so that their bottom is in the air to avoid letting it touch the diapering surface. Ensure that you put the dirty diaper out of the baby's reach. If you’re changing a baby boy who pees during diaper changes, consider laying a clean cloth or baby wipe over his penis while you change him.
4. Wipe the baby's bottom with a wipe or a damp cloth. Take a baby wipe or damp cloth and wipe the baby's genitals from front to back (towards the bottom). Cleaning is important to prevent bacterial infections. To clean poop, you'll probably need several wipes to ensure the baby is clean. Gently lift your baby's legs by the ankles and wipe in between the baby's bottom. Ensure that there's no poop around the baby's genitals or along the creases of their thighs.
5. Air dry the skin for a moment. You can prevent diaper rashes by keeping your baby's bottom clean and dry. Give the baby's bottom a few seconds to dry out before you put on the clean diaper. If your baby has a rash, apply diaper cream or petroleum jelly before you put the new diaper on. If you're using cloth diapers, you'll need to lay a disposable insert in the center of the diaper. The insert will keep the diaper cream from touching the cloth diaper which could damage it.
## Put on the clean disposable diaper
1. Lay the clean diaper under the baby. Grab the opened clean diaper and lay the back half of it underneath the baby. The diaper should be near the baby's waist. If you're changing a boy's diaper, point his penis down to direct any urine into the new diaper. Pull the front half of the clean diaper up onto the baby's stomach. Ensure that your baby doesn't bunch their legs or the diaper might be uncomfortable. Try to spread the baby's legs so the diaper will fit comfortably. If you're changing a newborn diaper, use a newborn diaper that leaves room for the umbilical cord stump. Or fold over the front of the diaper so you don't cover it.
2. Fasten the diaper. Hold the front of the diaper in place with one hand. Use your other hand to pull the tabs on each side of the diaper and fold them up towards the front. Fasten them onto the diaper so the diaper is secured to the baby. Avoid fastening the diaper too tightly. Check to see if the diaper is too tight. If it is, the skin will look pinched or red. You should also ensure that the tabs aren't sticking to the baby's skin.
3. Dress the baby and throw away the disposable diaper. Pull the onesie down and snap it closed or put the baby in a new outfit. Set the baby in a safe place while you fold the dirty disposable diaper. Throw it in the trash or in the odor-sealing canister. To fold the dirty diaper, fold the front part of the dirty diaper in half towards the back of the diaper to make a slight ball shape. Fasten both of the tabs in the center of the diaper to contain it.
4. Wash your hands. If you are wearing gloves, remove and dispose of them. Then, wash your hands with warm water and antibacterial soap. Aim to scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds. Rinse them thoroughly, then dry them off.
## Put on and handle cloth diapers
1. Position the clean diaper under the baby. Take the prepared cloth diaper and lay the back half of it underneath your baby so it's near your baby's waist. If you're changing a boy's diaper, you can prevent leaks by pointing his penis down. Grab the front half of the diaper and pull it up onto the baby's stomach. Spread the baby's legs so the diaper won't bunch while you're fastening it. If you're changing a newborn diaper, ensure that you're using the smallest cloth diapers. You'll probably need to fold them specially so they don't rub against the umbilical cord stump.
2. Secure the diaper. Hold the front of the diaper in place with one hand. Use your other hand to hook a T-shaped fastener or a two-pronged fastener onto the front of the diaper. Some cloth diapers use snaps that you simply snap into place or Velcro that you can just pull and press down on. Dress the baby before you handle the dirty cloth diaper. If you're using diaper pins, put a few of your fingers under the diaper and above the baby's skin to so you don't accidentally poke the baby.
3. Store the dirty cloth diaper. If you're handling a poopy diaper, take it to the bathroom and dump as much of the poop into the toilet as possible. You can use a diaper sprayer to remove larger amounts of poop. Place the dirty diaper and any dirty cloth wipes into a diaper pail or hanging wet bag. Wash the cloth diapers according to the manufacturer's instructions. If you're changing a poopy diaper from an exclusively breastfed baby, you don't need to dump the poop in the diaper. It will dissolve in the washing machine.
4. Clean your hands. Remove your gloves and throw them away, if applicable. Wash your hands using antibacterial soap and warm, running water for at least 20 seconds. After thoroughly rinsing your hands, dry them off.
## Gather diaper supply
1. Choose an area to change your baby's diaper. Set up 1-2 diaper changing spaces in easy-to-access spaces in your home. For example, you could set up a changing table in the nursery, your bedroom, or near a bathroom. If you don't want to use a changing table, you can easily change the baby's diaper on a comfortable flat surface (like a bed or on the floor). Choose convenient diaper changing areas based on where your family spends the most time. It's a good idea to pack a diaper bag or backpack with some diapering supplies. Keep the diaper bag in the changing area so you can stock it and then grab the bag when you need to leave the house.
2. Organize the changing area. You might need more than just a diaper and some wipes to change the baby. Keep things organized and easy to find by using dividers, containers, and small baskets. This way you know right where something is if you need it quickly. For example, it will help to have a drawer or basket that has extra pajamas or pacifiers if your baby needs a change in the middle of the night.
3. Stock up on diapers and wipes. Newborn babies can go through 8 to 10 diapers a day, so keep a lot of clean ones nearby. They should be easy to reach so you don't have to step away from your baby during the diaper change. You'll also need to keep wipes nearby to wipe your baby's bottom. If you're constantly refilling the diapers at your diaper changing station, consider leaving a new box of diapers in the same room. This way, you'll never be completely out.
4. Store diaper cream or petroleum jelly. Babies frequently get rashes and you might need to apply diaper cream or petroleum jelly. Keep tubes of these at your diaper changing area so you can easily use them when you notice a rash. It's also a good idea to keep these in your diaper bag so you can treat your baby's rash when you're out together.
5. Have a place to put soiled diapers. Decide how you'd like to dispose of or handle the soiled diapers. For example, if you're using disposable diapers, set up a trash can or odor-sealing canister. If you're using cloth diapers, you may want to set up a wet pail where you can store the diapers until you're ready to wash them. It's a good idea to keep hand sanitizer nearby to quickly clean your hands before you wash them in the bathroom. Remember to keep the hand sanitizer out of your baby's reach.
6. Keep distractions nearby. As the baby gets older, you'll need to distract them during diaper changes. Distracting the baby with a toy, object, or book will also keep the baby from grabbing soiled diapers or squirming during the diaper change. Consider keeping some of these near your diaper changing station:
* Small board books
* Pacifiers
* Toy keys
* Rattles
7. Store changes of clothing and extra sheets. If your baby has leaked through their diaper, you'll need to have a change of clothes close by. Keep several clean onesies at the changing area just in case. You should also have a few sets of clean crib sheets in case these get dirty. If your changing table has a soft, removable cover, you should also have an extra clean cover in case the baby gets the cover dirty during the diaper change.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Show me the current stock price. </s> <|assistant|> I am sorry, but as an AI assistant I don't have access to real-time information, such as the weather and stock information. Feel free to ask me something else. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> According to this famous blog post, the effective transcript length is:
$\tilde{l}_i = l_i - \mu$
where $l_i$ is the length of transcript and $\mu$ is the average fragment length. However, typically fragment length is about 300bp. What if when the transcript $l_i$ is smaller than 300? How do you compute the effective length in this case?
A related question: when computing the FPKM of a gene, how to choose a transcript? Do we choose a "canonical" transcript (how?) or combine the signals from all transcripts to a gene-level FPKM? </s> <|assistant|> The effective length is $\tilde{l}_i = l_i - \mu + 1$ (note the R code at the bottom of Harold's blog post), which in the case of $\mu
Regarding choosing a particular transcript, ideally one would use a method like salmon or kallisto (or RSEM if you have time to kill). Otherwise, your options are (A) choose the major isoform (if it's known in your tissue and condition) or (B) use a "union gene model" (sum the non-redundant exon lengths) or (C) take the median transcript length. None of those three options make much of a difference if you're comparing between samples, though they're all inferior to a salmon/kallisto/etc. metric.
Why are salmon et al. better methods? They don't use arbitrary metrics that will be the same across samples to determine the feature length. Instead, they use expectation maximization (or similarish, since at least salmon doesn't actually use EM) to quantify individual isoform usage. The effective gene length in a sample is then the average of the transcript lengths after weighting for their relative expression (yes, one should remove $\mu$ in there). This can then vary between samples, which is quite useful if you have isoform switching between samples/groups in such a way that methods A-C above would miss (think of cases where the switch is to a smaller transcript with higher coverage over it...resulting in the coverage/length in methods A-C to be tamped down). </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> You're a writer who has died. When you cross over, you discover that the worlds you created in your mind are actual places. You've now found yourself in your own creation for eternity. What happens next? </s> <|assistant|> The sun seared into my head as I came to in a glistening wheat field. Every bone in my body cracked and groaned as I sat upright, every muscle stretched and twitched as if saying, "you don't belong here." The clang and crash of metal drew my attention, looking over my shoulder there they were, two armored warriors complete with full plumed helmets and battle axes were 50 yards away dueling. I knew what would happen, I've wrote it before, the smaller of the two would soon have the upper hand, taking the other warriors axe, screaming some unknown obscenity while slicing down on the Warriors head.
Blood. Blood everywhere.
It was not the nice and neat killing where people were polite about death. It was not the glory of the fight nor the poetry that I had imagined when I was a child reading fantasy books. There was nothing glorious in it. It was dirty, angry, primal, with the under notes of finality. The knowing that Death was coming soon. I hated it, I loved it. I was frozen to the ground as I wanted to recognize who was fighting so hard to live.
The small warrior was gasping for air, knees to the ground and crying. Ripping the visored helmet off, a tumble of bright red hair came out, curly and thick. She wiped at the tears in her eyes and stood, observing her good and dark work.
What do I do? Run? Where would I go? I must've made some sort of sound, breathed wrong or something because suddenly she was there, at my throat with her axe. The fury in her brown eyes was quick, but a flicker of recognition was in them. I breathed in, once.
"Oh," she smiled, a brilliant white smile. "It's you." She lowered her axe and offered her hand. I took it. "Finally. I can't wait to show you everything." </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to download applications to your ipod touch? </s> <|assistant|> Have you ever seen someone else's iPod that had a lot of icons on their homepage? By reading this article you can figure out how to get applications on your very own iPod touch.
## From your ipod touch
1. Make sure you're connected to the Internet. To do this go to Settings > Wi-Fi > and select your network. If the network is password-protected enter your password at the prompt. If you don't have a network or there isn't an unprotected one nearby, you can buy an inexpensive Wi-Fi router to hook up to your modem.
2. Launch the App Store. Look for the light blue icon with a white A in it, or search for "App Store" in the search bar that appears when you swipe to the right.
3. Search for the app you want to download, or browse the featured apps or categories.
4. Click on an app that looks interesting. You will be able to read more about the app, view screenshots, and read ratings.
5. If you would like to download the app, tap the blue button with the small plus sign in the top corner. It will either say the price or say "Free."
6. The button will turn green and read "Install App". Tap it again.
7. Enter your password. You will be prompted for your password whether or not the app is free.
8. Wait for your app to download. This may take some time. An icon should appear
## From your computer
1. Open iTunes.
2. Click on iTunes Store in the right sidebar, under Store.
3. Search for the app you are interested in, or click Apps on the upper bar to browse popular apps.
4. Tap the Free App or Buy Now button under the icon.
5. Enter your password when prompted and wait for the app to download.
6. Plug in your iPod Touch. It should appear under "Devices" in the right sidebar. It will start syncing automatically. If it doesn't, go to File --> Devices --> Sync iPod
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> I am currently trying to decipher Mazur's Eisenstein ideal paper (not a comment about his clarity, rather about my current abilities). One of the reasons I am doing that is that many people told me that the paper was somehow revolutionary and introduced a new method into number theory.
Could you explain exactly what subsequent developments did the paper bring, what ideas in the paper were considered more-or-less original (at the time it was published), and exactly what difficulties did these ideas resolve that people failed to resolve before the paper was published (if any)? </s> <|assistant|> First, Mazur's paper is arguably the first paper where the new ideas (and language) of the Grothendieck revolution in algebraic geometry were fully embraced and crucially used in pure number theory. Here are several notable examples: Mazur makes crucial use of the theory of finite flat group schemes to understand the behavior of the $p$-adic Tate modules of Jacobians at the prime $p$. He studies modular forms of level one over finite rings (which need not lift to characteristic zero when the residue characteristic is $2$ or $3$). He proves theorems about mod-$p$ modular forms using what are essentially comparison theorems between etale cohomology and de Rham cohomology, and many more examples. The proof of the main theorem ($\S5$, starting at page 156) is itself a very modern proof which fundamentally uses the viewpoint of $X_0(N)$ as a scheme.
Second, there are many beautiful ideas which have their original in this paper: it contains many of the first innovative ideas for studying $2$-dimensional (and beyond) Galois representations, including the link between geometric properties (multiplicity one) and arithmetic properties, geometric conceptions for studying congruences between Galois representations, understanding the importance of the finite-flat property of group schemes, and the identification of the Gorenstein property. There is a theoretical $p$-descent on the Eisenstein quotient when previously descents were almost all explicit $2$-descents with specific equations. It introduces the winding quotient, and so on.
Third, while it is a dense paper, it is dense in the best possible way: many of the small diversions could have made interesting papers on their own. Indeed, even close readers of the paper today can find connections between Mazur's asides and cutting edge mathematics. When Mazur raises a question in the text, it is almost invariably very interesting. One particular (great) habit that Mazur has is thinking about various isomorphisms and by pinning down various canonical choices identifies refined invariants. To take a random example, consider his exploration of the Shimura subgroup at the end of section 11. He finishes with a question which to a casual reader may as well be a throw-away remark. But this question was first solved by Merel, and more recently generalized in some very nice work of Emmanuel Lecouturier. Lecouturier's ideas then played an important role in the work of Michael Harris and Akshay Venkatesh. Again, one could give many more such examples of this. Very few papers have the richness of footnotes and asides that this paper does. Never forget that one of the hardest things in mathematics is coming up with interesting questions and observations, and this paper contains many great ones - it is bursting with the ideas of a truly creative mathematician.
Finally, the result itself is amazing, and (pretty much) remains the only method available for proving the main theorem (the second proof due to Mazur is very related to this one). To give a sense of how great the theorem is, note that if $E$ is a semistable elliptic curve, then either $E$ is isogenous to a curve with a $p$-torsion point, or $E[p]$ is absolutely irreducible. This result (added for clarity: explicitly, Mazur's Theorem that $E/\mathbf{Q}$ doesn't have a $p$-torsion point for $p > 7$) is crucially used in Wiles' proof of Fermat. One could certainly argue that without this paper (and how it transformed algebraic number theory) we would not have had Wiles' proof of Fermat, but it's even literally true that Mazur's theorem was (and remains so today, over 40 years later) an essential step in any proof of Fermat. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> What if everyone on Earth jumped at once? </s> <|assistant|> There are roughly 8 billion people on Earth, with a total weight of about 400 billion kg. Since people are dispersed around the planet's spherical surface, if everyone on Earth jumped in place, nothing much would happen; all our lift-offs and impacts would more-or-less cancel each other out, resulting in 0 net force on the Earth.
However, if all 8 billion of us came together and jumped, we would make the Earth shift by just 1% of the radius of a single atom per second. When we landed, Earth would move back in place. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> I am a primary care physician. Write an email to my patient about her lab work results that her red blood cell count was a little low but should be fine, then ask her if she has reached the hospital to make an appointment. </s> <|assistant|> Hello [Patient Name],
I got your lab work back. Your red blood cell count was just a little low, but everything else looked really normal.
We can talk more about the blood cell count at your upcoming appointment but I don't think there is any immediate concern. We can monitor it in the future. If you have prior blood cell count tests, it would be helpful if you can show it to me when you come in next week for your pap test.
I see our care navigator sent your referral. Have you been able to reach out to the [Hospital Name]?
Let me know if you have any questions.
Take good care,
[Your Name] </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Relationship between SVD and PCA. How to use SVD to perform PCA? </s> <|assistant|> Let the real values data matrix $\mathbf X$ be of $n \times p$ size, where $n$ is the number of samples and $p$ is the number of variables. Let us assume that it is centered, i.e. column means have been subtracted and are now equal to zero.
Then the $p \times p$ covariance matrix $\mathbf C$ is given by $\mathbf C = \mathbf X^\top \mathbf X/(n-1)$. It is a symmetric matrix and so it can be diagonalized: $$\mathbf C = \mathbf V \mathbf L \mathbf V^\top,$$ where $\mathbf V$ is a matrix of eigenvectors (each column is an eigenvector) and $\mathbf L$ is a diagonal matrix with eigenvalues $\lambda_i$ in the decreasing order on the diagonal. The eigenvectors are called principal axes or principal directions of the data. Projections of the data on the principal axes are called principal components, also known as PC scores; these can be seen as new, transformed, variables. The $j$-th principal component is given by $j$-th column of $\mathbf {XV}$. The coordinates of the $i$-th data point in the new PC space are given by the $i$-th row of $\mathbf{XV}$.
If we now perform singular value decomposition of $\mathbf X$, we obtain a decomposition $$\mathbf X = \mathbf U \mathbf S \mathbf V^\top,$$ where $\mathbf U$ is a unitary matrix (with columns called left singular vectors), $\mathbf S$ is the diagonal matrix of singular values $s_i$ and $\mathbf V$ columns are called right singular vectors. From here one can easily see that $$\mathbf C = \mathbf V \mathbf S \mathbf U^\top \mathbf U \mathbf S \mathbf V^\top /(n-1) = \mathbf V \frac{\mathbf S^2}{n-1}\mathbf V^\top,$$ meaning that right singular vectors $\mathbf V$ are principal directions (eigenvectors) and that singular values are related to the eigenvalues of covariance matrix via $\lambda_i = s_i^2/(n-1)$. Principal components are given by $\mathbf X \mathbf V = \mathbf U \mathbf S \mathbf V^\top \mathbf V = \mathbf U \mathbf S$.
To summarize:
1. If $\mathbf X = \mathbf U \mathbf S \mathbf V^\top$, then the columns of $\mathbf V$ are principal directions/axes (eigenvectors).
2. Columns of $\mathbf {US}$ are principal components ("scores").
3. Singular values are related to the eigenvalues of covariance matrix via $\lambda_i = s_i^2/(n-1)$. Eigenvalues $\lambda_i$ show variances of the respective PCs.
4. Standardized scores are given by columns of $\sqrt{n-1}\mathbf U$ and loadings are given by columns of $\mathbf V \mathbf S/\sqrt{n-1}$. See e.g. here and here for why "loadings" should not be confused with principal directions.
5. The above is correct only if $\mathbf X$ is centered. Only then is covariance matrix equal to $\mathbf X^\top \mathbf X/(n-1)$.
6. The above is correct only for $\mathbf X$ having samples in rows and variables in columns. If variables are in rows and samples in columns, then $\mathbf U$ and $\mathbf V$ exchange interpretations.
7. If one wants to perform PCA on a correlation matrix (instead of a covariance matrix), then columns of $\mathbf X$ should not only be centered, but standardized as well, i.e. divided by their standard deviations.
8. To reduce the dimensionality of the data from $p$ to $k<p$, select $k$ first columns of $\mathbf U$, and $k\times k$ upper-left part of $\mathbf S$. Their product $\mathbf U_k \mathbf S_k$ is the required $n \times k$ matrix containing first $k$ PCs.
9. Further multiplying the first $k$ PCs by the corresponding principal axes $\mathbf V_k^\top$ yields $\mathbf X_k = \mathbf U_k^\vphantom \top \mathbf S_k^\vphantom \top \mathbf V_k^\top$ matrix that has the original $n \times p$ size but is of lower rank (of rank $k$). This matrix $\mathbf X_k$ provides a reconstruction of the original data from the first $k$ PCs. It has the lowest possible reconstruction error, see my answer here.
10. Strictly speaking, $\mathbf U$ is of $n\times n$ size and $\mathbf V$ is of $p \times p$ size. However, if $n>p$ then the last $n-p$ columns of $\mathbf U$ are arbitrary (and corresponding rows of $\mathbf S$ are constant zero); one should therefore use an economy size (or thin) SVD that returns $\mathbf U$ of $n\times p$ size, dropping the useless columns. For large $n\gg p$ the matrix $\mathbf U$ would otherwise be unnecessarily huge. The same applies for an opposite situation of $n\ll p$. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> If we should encrypt the message rather than the method of transfer, why do we care about wifi security? Is this just security theatre? </s> <|assistant|> Network encryption protects against different set of threats than application layer encryption like TLS.
In particular, network encryption like Wifi encryption are primarily designed to protect from a local attacker from being able to watch network patterns (by recording who you're making connections with, and discovering what devices are on the local network), observing/tampering of low level messages like ARP/DNS, and protecting network broadcasts from devices that aren't supposed to be in the network, and from tampering or selective interference.
TLS doesn't protect the low level TCP/IP packets, which leaks information like the IP address of the machine you're connecting with, and the TLS handshake also by design leaks a number of information about the connection like Server Name Indication (SNI) header.
The side effect of needing to do all this is that Wifi hardware already need to have enough code and processing power to handle encryption, so it becomes easier to just encrypt all wifi packets rather than selectively figuring out what needs protection or not. This come also with the side benefit that unsecured HTTP connection will still be at least marginally protected, even if at least to protect users of the infrastructure from each other, but not from the infrastructure provider.
Network encryption is designed to protect the network, not the service. Application encryption is designed to protect the connection to the service, but it doesn't protect the network. They complement each other, but neither completely makes the other unnecessary. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to fill sandbags? </s> <|assistant|> ## Select materials and get ready
1. Purchase polypropylene bags specifically designed for sandbagging. Standard cloth or plastic bags cannot be used to create sandbags since they’ll tear or break apart when they get wet. Purchase some woven polypropylene sandbags that are specifically designed for stacking and keeping water out. You can purchase specialized sandbags online or at a construction supply store. While sandbags come in different sizes, the optimal size is 14–18 in (36–46 cm) wide and 30–36 in (76–91 cm) deep. You can get sandbags with drawstrings built into them to make tying easier. If you’re buying bags to build a flood wall, you don’t actually have to tie them, though.
2. Use a heavy sand or soil mixture to fill your bags. Purchase heavy-bodied sand from a construction supply or gardening store. You can also find it at distribution centers if you live in a state or country that is prone to flooding. Any type of heavy sand will work. Tip: The sand that you find at the beach is usually too fine to fill a sandbag since It will leak through the weaving. Soil will break apart in your bag and leak through the woven bag if it gets wet, but can work if you’re only trying to brace a surface. You can use a mixture of sand and soil if you don’t have enough sand to fill the bags you need. Gravel will work if you’re trying to weigh a surface down, but it is too permeable to keep water out. Clay materials are hard to shape and will make stacking difficult.
3. Enlist a friend or two to make sandbag filling easier. It can be difficult to keep a sandbag open if you’re filling it yourself. To make the filling process easier, enlist a friend to hold the bag open while you’re shoveling the sand into it. If you’re filling the bags at the site where you’re stacking them, make the process easier by enlisting a third friend to tie and move each bag. You’ll have to be extremely careful when you’re pouring your sand into the bag if you’re doing it yourself. You may become exhausted as well if you’re building a sandbag wall, since lifting and laying the bags requires heavy lifting. Rotate positions every 20 minutes to reduce muscle fatigue.
4. Put on gloves, boots, and protective eyewear. Sandbags are chemically treated and may irritate your hands, so wear a thick pair of gloves to protect yourself. Put on a pair of protective goggles to keep sand from blowing into your eyes as you work. Wear a thick pair of rubber work boots to protect your feet and keep the sand out. Avoid touching your skin, eyes, or mouth while filling sandbags. Wash your hands and face when you’re done.
## Fill a bag
1. Fold the top of the bag over 2-3 times to create a collar. Place your bag on a flat, stable portion of the ground. Grip the top 2–3 inches (5.1–7.6 cm) of the bag. Fold the top of the bag over 2-3 times to create a collar. This will make pouring easier, and will ensure that the top of the bag doesn’t fall in on itself if you accidentally pour a little sand on it.Tip: If you’ve enlisted other people to help you, have one person hold the collar open in a circular shape so that it’s easier to shovel sand inside. Sandbags should only be filled 2/3 full. Folding the top of the bag over also makes it easier to see how much sand you’re adding.
2. Shovel the sand into the opening at the top of the bag. Use a rounded shovel with a good grip to scoop your sand up. Dig your shovel into the sand at a 45-degree angle and scoop it upwards to raise it up. Then, hold the point of your shovel over the collar of the bag and tilt the shovel downwards to empty the sand into the bag. Don’t work too quickly. If you wear yourself out, it’ll become difficult to shovel accurately. If it’s a little windy or you’re having trouble filling the bag, put a large funnel in the mouth of the bag. Pour the sand into the funnel to make the filling process easier.
3. Stop adding sand once the bag is 2/3 full. If you overfill the bag, it will be difficult to tie or fold the bag at the top. If the bag isn’t filled with enough sand, your sandbags will shift around when they’re stacked. Continue shoveling your sand into the bag until roughly 2/3 of the bag is filled. If you have bags with built-in ties at the top, they can be filled until they’re 4/5 full. Bags with built-in ties don’t require as much room to secure them. Repeat this process until you have the desired number of bags.
## Tie the bag
1. Unfold the collar and pull the top of the bag up. Once your bag is filled to the proper level, undo the collar that you folded to make pouring easier. Then, roll the collar up until the fold is undone and pull the fabric at the top of the bag upwards to straighten it out.
2. Tighten the drawstring and tie the top of bags with built-in ties. If your bag has a built-in tie, pull the drawstring until the neck of the bag is tight. Then, fold the drawstring over itself and pull both ends to tighten it. Tie the bag by creating a knot the same way you tie your shoes. With the drawstrings folded over one another, create a loop in your nondominant hand. Run the other drawstring over and the under the loop. Pull it through the second loop you just made and pull both loops tight to secure it.Tip: There is no official or proper way to tie a sandbag with a drawstring. As long as you can secure the top with a knot, your sandbag will be fine.
3. Tie the bag using the fabric if your bag is thinner. If your bag doesn’t have a drawstring and the fabric is thinner, you can tie the fabric of the bag to knot it at the top. With the fabric at top pulled up, squeeze the fabric together with both hands. Twist the top of the bag to keep the fabric tight. Then, hold the base of the top with your nondominant hand. Bring the top of the fabric down to make a loop and squeeze the top of the bag through the loop. Pull the top of the bag to tighten your knot and secure the bag. You may have an easier time securing thinner bags if you only fill them so that they’re halfway filled.
4. Fold the top of the bag on top of itself if you’re building a wall. Sandbags don’t actually need to be tied if you’re creating a wall or laying them on top of one another. To lay a bag without folding it, hold the bag by the top of the fabric as you’re moving it and take it to the location where you’re creating a wall. Then, place the bag at the spot you want to lay it. Pull the top of the bag in opposite directions to turn the opening into a slit. To finish, fold the slit over itself and lay the bag down with fold on the bottom. Bags that are folded on top of themselves will stay in place when they’re stacked in a wall.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Tell me a dad joke about COVID-19. </s> <|assistant|> I told a joke on a Zoom meeting today and no one laughed.
Turns out I'm not remotely funny. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> You are a galaxy renowned xenozoologist, and are determined to make accurate care guides for all of the pets of galactic citizens. Your current goal is to write a guide for the new pet that everyone's going crazy over: humans. </s> <|assistant|> Humanity is a rather unique species, located in the Sol system, rather near the galaxy's edge.
At first, they seem almost delicate, unable to do anything on their own. This is true, to an extent- they have big bulky machines designed to protect them in vacuum and their bodies are essentially useless.
However, further investigation reveals 2 things.
1. By some cruel coincidence of nature, the human species evolved through a barbaric process known as 'survival of the fittest.' This means that any humans who were not optimized for their environment would die, so that only the best would pass on their genes.
2. Their origin world, Earth, compounds this due to its extremely harsh environment, with its proximity to the sun and slow rotation causing extreme day/night deviations in temperature, as well as animals on the surface inclined to consume other life forms.
Humans are known for their odd brain patterns, particularly their need to communicate with other humans, so if you're planning on keeping one, you should keep at least 5. They also need an extremely large space to roam around in, otherwise they will get very angry.
They also cannot go into stasis, so they need to be continually taken care of until their bodies decay beyond repair.
Humans have extremely specific dietary needs as well, so be cautious about feeding them.
The only 3 advantages I see to keeping humans as pets- advantages that only exist if they are taken care of completely correctly- are these:
1. They automatically produce small amounts of a delicious yellow liquid.
2. It's fun to observe their behavior, especially escape attempts.
3. If there is ever an intruder in your area, humans will quickly dismember them if set loose.
Humans also have a strong tendency to mate, so keep track of that. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> "History is written by the victors", write in first person about a historical event as viewed by someone on the losing side. </s> <|assistant|> I had never known such a weapon.
The stone hurtled through the air and stuck me down.
I tried. By all our Gods I tried.
The Israelites came, and we drove them back. I drove them back. For forty days I called my challenge to end this with single combat, the sight of my brothers dead around me had sickened my soul and poisoned my mind. I had to end this.
It was for naught. I strode out, my armour gleamed, my shield shone and my sword was sharp.
But I could not be ready for him.
For a stone to fly so fast. I would not have thought it possible. If only our own soldiers had such weapons.
I fell heavily, my bulk crashed hard weighed down by the armour.
I'm so sorry...
He took my head, and fed our corpses to the wild animals.
Run, David comes. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> I am new to TeX, working on it for about 2 months. Have not yet figured out how to script the 'curvy L' for Lagrangian and/or for Laplace Transforms.
As of now I am using the 'L' - which is not good! :-(
Any help?
UPDATE The 2 best solutions are;
```\usepackage{ amssymb }
\mathcal{L}
```
and
```\usepackage{ mathrsfs }
\mathscr{L}
```
I got my answers at, http://detexify.kirelabs.org/classify.html </s> <|assistant|> You have been told how to get a curved L. But here's some more general advice, which also applies in this situation: In cases such as this, always create your own shortcut macro, say
```\newcommand{\Lagr}{\mathcal{L}}
```
This way, if you ever decide that that curly L is not quite the one you like, it is easy to switch. Also, even before you knew the answer to this question, you could have written
```\newcommand{\Lagr}{L}
```
in your preamble. Then you could start/continue writing the document, use ordinary capital Ls where you want, and ```\Lagr``` wherever you actually mean a Lagrangian, and then later changing the definition of ```\Lagr``` to something appropriate. This way, you wouldn't have to manually search for each occurence of a capital L and decide if it's a Lagrangian or not. Clearly ```\Lagr``` (or whatever you want to call this macro) is also easier to type than ```\mathcal{L}```, and it makes the source code much more readable.
Another advantage, which is probably more subtle, since you're new to LaTeX, is that we can make the curvy L exactly the type of math we want. TeX distinguishes between ordinary letters, binary operators, binary relations, opening and closing parenthesis and so on; the spacing between two ordinary letters is not the same as the spacing between the ```a```, ```+```, and ```b``` in ```$a+b$```. So since the Lagrangian is a kind of operator, we could say
```\newcommand{\Lagr}{\mathop{\mathcal{L}}}
```
But in the case of operators, the package amsmath (which you are most likely using; if not, you should) provides a somewhat better mechanism:
```\DeclareMathOperator{\Lagr}{\mathcal{L}}
```
Another (related) tip: Even if you are using the same notation for two different things, it is best to make a separate macro for each. In this case you might have
```\DeclareMathOperator{\Lagr}{\mathcal{L}}
\DeclareMathOperator{\Lapl}{\mathcal{L}}
```
The reason is the same as in the ```L``` vs. ```\Lagr``` case above: If you at some point decide that using ```\mathcal{L}``` for both is a bad idea, you would have to find each occurence of ```\Lagr``` and figure out if it is really a Laplacian. Using macro names carrying semantic meaning is one of the great powers of TeX. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> When learning vocabulary, especially with the use of SRS (Spaced Repetition System), it is interesting to use flashcards. A commonly encountered problem is how to formulate those for maximum efficiency.
How does learning vocabulary through sentences, thus giving context to the used words, compare to learning to recognize words alone? For example, the context may give away the meaning of the problematic vocabulary. Are there studies or expert opinions on one approach being preferable to the other at different stages of language learning? Or is it recommended that they be mixed for best results? </s> <|assistant|> It's usually best to avoid dichotomies like "Is strategy X better or strategy Y better?". In most cases, strategies are not mutually exclusive but complementary.
With vocabulary learning, using just one strategy is probably the least efficient. This is because every strategy has certain strengths (certain skills it builds well) and certain weaknesses (skills it doesn't cover well)- and if you keep using one strategy, you'll be only focusing on the strengths (but with diminishing returns), and not addressing the weaknesses.
Using flashcards helps you establish word-to-meaning equivalences quickly, but it usually does so with a shallow meaning, ignoring the breadth of meaning that words usually have. It also ignores the contextual subtleties of the word, and the knowledge is not always retained long-term.
It's best to combine flashcards with other strategies that will help you see how the word is used in context, show you the variety of meanings it can have (and doesn't have), see what collocations the word has, etc. One way of doing this is by reading examples of the word and writing your own sample sentences. Another important thing is to be exposed to the word in natural settings - so it's important to read a lot so that you'll encounter the words you've learnt naturally. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Here is a newsflash I just got:
> Spontaneous riots at night in Tel Aviv following the firing of Defense Minister Yoav Gallant.
What questions should I be asking to better understand the situation? </s> <|assistant|> Here are a few questions that may be worth researching to better understand the current situation in Tel Aviv:
* What are the circumstances in which the riots erupted?
* Why was Defense Minister Yoav Gallant fired?
* Are the riots happening only in Tel Aviv or elsewhere too?
* What is the prime minister's response to the situation?
* Is anybody hurt or is there any damage to property?
* What was so controversial about firing the Minister of Defense that it encited riots?
* How is the police responding to the riots? </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Quantum state teleportation is the quantum information protocol where a qubit is transferred between two parties using an initial shared entangled state, Bell measurement, classical communication and local rotation. Apparently, there is also something called quantum gate teleportation.
What is quantum gate teleportation and what is it used for?
I am particularly interested in possible applications in simulating quantum circuits. </s> <|assistant|> Quantum gate teleportation is the act of being able to apply a quantum gate on the unknown state while it is being teleported. This is one of the ways in which measurement-based computation can be described using graph states.
Usually, teleportation works by having an unknown quantum state $|\psi\rangle$ held by Alice, and two qubits in the Bell state $|\Psi\rangle=(|00\rangle+|11\rangle)/\sqrt{2}$ shared between Alice and Bob. Alice performs a Bell state measurement, getting one of 4 possible answers and Bob holds on his qubit, depending on the measurement result of Alice, one of the 4 states $|\psi\rangle,X|\psi\rangle,Z|\psi\rangle,ZX|\psi\rangle.$ So, once Bob learns what result Alice got, he can compensate by applying the appropriate Paulis.
Let $U$ be a 1-qubit unitary. Assume Alice and Bob share $(\mathbb{I}\otimes U)|\Psi\rangle$ instead of $|\Psi\rangle$. If they repeat the teleportation protocol, Bob now has one of $U|\psi\rangle,UX|\psi\rangle,UZ|\psi\rangle,UZX|\psi\rangle$, which we can rewrite as $U|\psi\rangle,(UXU^\dagger)U|\psi\rangle,(UZU^\dagger)U|\psi\rangle,(UZXU^\dagger)U|\psi\rangle.$ The compensations that Bob has to make for a given measurement result are given by the bracketed terms. Often, these are no worse than the compensations you would have to make for normal teleportation (i.e. just the Pauli rotations). For example, if $U$ is the Hadamard rotation, then the corrections are just $(\mathbb{I},Z,X,XZ)$ respectively. So, you can apply the Hadamard during teleportation just be changing the state that you teleport through (There is a strong connection here to the Choi-Jamiołkowski isomorphism). You can do the same for Pauli gates, and the phase gate $\sqrt{Z}=S$. Moreover, if you repeat this protocol to build up a more complicated computation, it is often sufficient to keep a record of what these corrections are, and to apply them later.
Even if you don't only need the Pauli gates (as is the case for $T=\sqrt{S}$), the compensations may be easier than implementing the gate directly. This is the basis of the construction of the fault-tolerant T gate.
In fact, you can do something similar to apply a controlled-NOT between a pair of qubits as well. This time, the state you need is $|\Psi\rangle_{A_1B_1}|\Psi\rangle_{A_1B_1}$, and a controlled-NOT applied between $B_1$ and $B_2$. This time, there are 16 possible compensating rotations, but all of them are just about how Pauli operations propagate through the action of a controlled-NOT and, again, that just gives Pauli operations out. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to handle poking wires on braces? </s> <|assistant|> Poking wires on braces are a very common and irritating problem. These can cause sores and small cuts and abrasions on your gums and cheeks. Reducing discomfort is the first goal of dealing with this problem, followed by fixing the wire. While there are some ways you can fix poking wires at home, you should always see your orthodontist or dentist to follow up. In most cases, your orthodontist will want to replace a broken wire or cut any long pieces of wire that are poking you.
## Use orthodontic wax
1. Get some orthodontic wax. Your orthodontist should have supplied you with some when you got your braces. If you have run out, you can buy it at most pharmacies. Orthodontic wax comes in small cases containing long strips of wax. If you cannot find wax at a pharmacy, call your orthodontist for some.
2. Remove a small amount of wax from one of the wax strips. It should be about the size of a small pea. Roll the small piece of wax between your fingers until it is a smooth ball. Make sure your hands are clean and dry before touching the wax. Use only new, unused wax on your braces.
3. Make sure the wire or bracket that is poking you is dry and clean. It can help to brush your teeth carefully to remove any food or debris from the wires, before applying wax. To dry your braces, hold your lips or cheeks away from the area with poking wires. Let it air dry for a few seconds or use sterile gauze and place it between the brackets and the inside surface of your lip to dry. You can now apply the wax.
4. Apply the orthodontic wax ball to the poking wire. All you have to do is press it onto the offending area. Put the ball of wax on your fingertip. Touch the wax to the poking wire or bracket. Press down gently to cover the wire. Pressure on your teeth or braces while receiving orthodontic treatment can cause some discomfort. If you feel soreness while pressing on the wire this is completely normal.
5. Remove the wax before eating or brushing your teeth. You don't want the wax to get into your food while you eat. Discard any used wax immediately. Replace it with new wax after eating or brushing your teeth. Continue to use the wax until you can see your orthodontist or dentist to fix the wire. If you do happen to swallow the wax, that's okay. It won't harm you.
## Fix a poke wire
1. Try to bend thinner poking wires using the eraser end of a pencil. You won't be able to fix all poking wires this way, but this method will help in many cases. Find the wire in your mouth that is poking you. If it is a thin wire, get a pencil with a clean eraser. Gently touch the eraser to the poking wire. Push the wire gently to bend it. Try to tuck the poking wire behind the arch wire. Only do this for thinner, more flexible wires.
2. Use tweezers to fix poking wires in the back of your mouth. Sometimes, eating hard foods can cause flexible wires in the back of your mouth to slip out of the bracket slots on the back teeth. If this occurs, you can try to fix these with tweezers. Get a small pair of thin nosed tweezers. Make sure they are clean before using them in your mouth. Grab the end of the poking or loose wire with the tweezers. Guide it back into the tube on the bracket slot. If you can't get the wire back into the slot, you will need to call your orthodontist.
3. Fix broken laces that poke your lips using tweezers and pliers. You will need to see your orthodontist to follow up for a replacement. If the wire lacing of your braces is broken in the front of your mouth, you can try to tuck the broken lace behind the arch wire or around a bracket. Use tweezers to bend the wire away from your lips and cheeks. If the lace is on top of the arch wire you can can also remove it by cutting it with pliers. This is only recommended as a last option and should be followed by a visit to the orthodontist as soon as possible.
## Treat cut and sores
1. Use a rinse to clean your mouth. This can help to treat any sores or cuts caused by poking wires. Dissolve one teaspoon of salt in one cup of lukewarm water. Use this as a mouthwash by swishing around your mouth for 60 seconds. This may sting at first, but it will help to relieve prolonged discomfort and prevent infection. Repeat this four to six times a day.
2. Avoid foods that are acidic, sugary, or hard to eat. Instead, eat a soft, bland diet. Eat foods such as mashed potatoes, yogurt, and soups. Avoid coffee, spicy foods, chocolate, citrus fruits or juices, nuts, seeds, and tomatoes. These foods are high in acid and can aggravate any sores or cuts from your wires.
3. Drink cold water or iced tea. Cold (unsweetened) beverages can help ease the pain from sores. Use a straw to sip a cold drink, taking care not to scrape the cut or sore. You can also eat popsicles to apply cold to the sore. Alternatively, suck on an ice cube. Let the ice sit on the cut or sore for a few seconds at a time.
4. Put an oral anesthetic gel onto any sores or cuts. These can help relieve any discomfort from poking wires temporarily. You can buy Orajel or Anbesol at most pharmacies. Put a small amount of the gel on the end of a q-tip. Rub the gel over any sores or cuts in your mouth. You can reapply the gel three or four times each day.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to prepare for a vaginoplasty? </s> <|assistant|> A vaginoplasty is a surgical procedure that reconstructs or tightens the outer and inner muscles of your vagina, which can become weak and loose over time. It may improve your comfort levels and symptoms of incontinence. Some even claim it can boost sexual pleasure though this is not well studied and highly individual. A vaginoplasty can also create a vagina if you're undergoing gender-affirming surgery. You can prepare for a vaginoplasty by visiting your doctor, arranging your surgery, planning your recovery, and following pre-op requirements. For gender affirming surgery, you'll work with your doctor to prepare for surgery.
## Visit your doctor
1. Talk to your doctor about the procedure. Your doctor can fully explain the procedure, as well as what you can expect afterward. They'll also discuss the risks of the surgery. Tell your doctor why you want the surgery so that they can help you avoid disappointment. The doctor will ask about your health and well-being before approving you for the procedure. Bring a detailed medical history, including conditions you're being treated for. Tell the doctor if you're seeing a therapist. If you're undergoing treatment for a condition related to your decision to get a vaginoplasty, such as body image issues, it's best to tell the doctor. Provide the doctor with a list of any medications you're taking, including the dosage amounts. Ask about your needs post-surgery. This includes what you should expect at the hospital and during the days after the surgery.
2. Get a blood test. Your doctor will want to do a few simple tests to make sure you're healthy enough for surgery. First, they'll do a simple blood test, which is virtually painless. This lets them check your hemoglobin and health profile to ensure that you are healthy. They may also do a pregnancy test, as you won't be able to get a vaginoplasty if you're pregnant.
3. Undergo a urine test. The doctor will also do a urinalysis to make sure that you're healthy. This is a simple, painless test. You'll just need to urinate in a cup, and the medical staff will take care of the rest!
4. Confirm that you aren't pregnant and don't want more kids. You should not get a vaginoplasty if you want to have more children or if you're pregnant. In this case, it's best for you to wait until you're finished having children. Your doctor will likely ask you to confirm that you aren't pregnant and don't plan to become pregnant. The doctor may also choose to do a pregnancy test before allowing you to get the surgery.
## Arrange your surgery
1. Contact your insurance provider to check your coverage. Many insurance companies won't cover a vaginoplasty, as it's usually considered an elective procedure. This means you may have to pay for it out of pocket. If you're not sure you can afford the procedure, ask your doctor if they offer a payment plan. You can also look into CareCredit, a line of credit opened specifically for elective medical procedures. CareCredit requires an application similar to that of most credit cards.
2. Make a budget for how you'll pay for the procedure. Factor in the cost of the procedure, your pre-op and follow-up appointments, pharmacy costs, and the time you'll need to take off work. Determine where you'll get the money, such as from savings or by borrowing. Some of your appointments could be covered by insurance, so you may not need to pay these out of pocket. In the United States, a vaginoplasty typically costs between $4,500 and $8,500.
3. Plan the surgery in between menstrual periods if applicable. You cannot get a vaginoplasty while you're on your period. The best time to have the surgery is right after your period, which allows you as much recovery time as possible before your next period starts.
4. Take photos of your genitals before the surgery. Your doctor may also want a set of photos. This allows you and your doctor to see the difference before and after your surgery.
5. Make your surgical appointment. It usually takes several months to a year from your initial consultation to get your surgery. You should find out your surgery date about 2-3 months before it will occur. Your doctor can provide you more information about your unique case.
## Plan your recovery
1. Schedule time off of work. You'll need at least a few days to recover, but how long you should take off depends on your job demands. It's a good idea to request at least a calendar week. If your job is very physically demanding, you may want to take off longer. Ask your doctor how long you should take off. If you'll lose part of your income, make a special budget to help you cover your living costs.
2. Ask someone to come help you. You'll need help as soon as your surgery is over. Someone will need to drive you home and help you take care of your needs. This includes getting any additional medications, preparing meals, helping care for pets, and completing household chores. It's best to arrange this help ahead of time. If possible, recruit a few friends or loved ones to act as a support system following your surgery. You can also hire a professional home-care nurse to help you in the days following your procedure.
3. Create a pain treatment plan to make your recovery easier. It's normal to experience some pain after surgery, but luckily it's possible to minimize it. Planning beforehand can make it easier to treat your pain so that your recovery goes as smoothly and as painlessly as possible. Discuss pain medicine with your doctor. Obtain an over-the-counter pain reliever, if recommended. Ask your doctor if a prescription pain reliever might be right for you. You could also purchase a heating pad or single-use heat packs to help manage your pain.
4. Stock your fridge and freezer with healthy, easy to prepare meals. Cooking will be hard following surgery, so it's a good idea to have lots of easy options at home. You could make meals ahead of time or use commercial microwaveable dinners. Alternatively, you could have someone cook for you, if this is an option.
5. Plan mood boosters for your downtime. After your surgery, you'll need to take a break from regular life for a few days. Gather a few activities to occupy your mind during this time, like a book, coloring book, or favorite TV show. It's a good idea to collect a few easy-to-access options so that it's easier to keep your mood up while you recover. Check out a few new releases from the library. Get an adult coloring book or download a coloring app. Add a new comedy to your watchlist on your favorite streaming site. Place your iPad and other devices, including chargers, near your recovery area for easy access.
6. Purchase menstruation pads if you're still menstruating. You won't be able to use a tampon or menstrual cup for 4-6 weeks after your surgery. Menstruation pads are an easy alternative while you're in recovery. Ask your doctor before you resume using tampons or a menstrual cup. Your muscles must be healed before these methods are an option for you.
7. Talk to your partner about sex after the surgery. You'll need to avoid sex for 4-6 weeks while your vagina heals. Make sure your partner understands this wait, and discuss ways you two can be intimate without having sex. Visit your doctor for a check-up before you engage in sexual activity. The doctor needs to examine your vagina and clear you for sex.
## Follow pre-op recommendations
1. Stop taking aspirin and blood thinners 1 week prior to surgery. All surgeries increase your bleeding risk. Blood thinners can further increase this risk by making it harder for your blood to clot. Over-the-counter aspirin or ibuprofen pain relievers can thin your blood, so you shouldn't take them before your surgery. You may also need to stop taking vitamins and supplements. Tell your doctor what you're taking so that they can advise you. If you are taking a prescription blood thinner, talk to your doctor about when you should decrease your dosage. Don't stop taking it until you talk to your doctor.
2. Avoid smoking in the weeks before your surgery. Smoking can slow your recovery time. This is because it narrows your veins and makes it harder for blood to flow. This means that your blood isn't able to effectively deliver oxygen throughout your body, which is necessary during recovery. Your doctor may decide to check your urine to make sure that you have quit. It's best to stop smoking at least 8 weeks prior to having your surgery.
3. Shave your genital area before surgery. This makes it easier for the doctor to complete the procedure. It can also reduce your chance of infection. If you don't shave the area beforehand, the medical team may do it prior to beginning your operation.
4. Follow your pre-op procedures. The doctor will instruct you on what to do in the days leading up to the surgery. The day before surgery, you may be instructed to fast. It's best to eat a hearty breakfast that morning, as the rest of the day you may only be allowed clear liquids. Your pre-op plan may also include the following:
* A bowel cleanse
* Fasting, with clear liquids
* Drinking more than 8 glasses of water
* Rest
* Nothing ingested by mouth after the midnight prior to surgery
5. Do relaxation techniques to cope with stress or worry. It's normal to worry before undergoing surgery. It's a good idea to spend some time relaxing the night before the surgery. Perform deep breathing exercises. Meditate. Stretch or do yoga. Color in an adult coloring book or app. Go for a walk outdoors if the weather is nice. Soak in a warm bath.
6. Plan for an overnight stay at the hospital. You may be able to leave the hospital a few hours after your surgery, but many doctors will hold you overnight. Pack an overnight bag with a change of clothes, a light robe, slippers, and any toiletries you think you may need.
## Prepare for gender affirm surgery
1. Discuss the risks and options. Gender-affirming surgery is not right for everyone. It can be expensive and is irreversible. Your doctor and a therapist can help you decide if the benefits of getting gender affirming surgery outweigh the risks in your case. A therapist will determine if you're mentally healthy enough to undergo the procedure. They'll also consider how long you've wanted to get the procedure. Before you're approved, you'll have to show that you've been living as a woman for at least a year, including taking appropriate hormones.
2. Obtain two letters of support from qualified mental health professionals. Each letter must be written by a mental health professional who is experienced in working with transgender individuals. You can search online for a qualified therapist near you using a site like Psychology Today. The letters should confirm the following:
* Your gender identification is persistent and well-documented
* You're competent to choose the surgery and consent to treatment
* You're of legal age
* You're being treated for any mental health conditions
* You've been undergoing hormone treatment
3. Plan to take extra time off work. It usually takes about 2 months to fully recover from gender-affirming surgery. At the very least, you'll need to stay home for the week after surgery. If you must go back after that week, however, it's best to arrange a lighter workload. If it's possible, ask your boss if you can have a flexible schedule or work from home. If you work a field job, ask for desk duty for a few weeks. You could also try working part-time. Check with your doctor before going back to work.
4. Ask your doctor when you should stop taking your hormones. You'll need to stop taking your hormones before you can undergo the surgery. Each surgeon will make their own recommendation. In general, you can expect to stop taking them about 3 weeks before your surgery.
5. Talk to your partner about sex post-surgery. After gender affirming surgery, it will likely take 2 months to fully recover. You will need to avoid sex during this time. You can still be intimate in other ways, and it's a good idea to explore those options before your surgery.
6. Remove the hair from your genital area. Check with your surgeon to find out what this will entail. For some, it may just mean shaving your genital area. However, some surgeons require you to get electrolysis hair removal prior to getting gender-affirming surgery.
7. Expect to be in the hospital for about 5-7 days. Your doctor will likely admit you to the hospital a day or 2 before your surgery. You'll then need to remain in the hospital after your surgery for at least 3 nights. However, the entire length of your stay can vary. It's a good idea to ask your doctor what the average hospital stay is for their patients. In the days after your surgery, you'll likely experience some pain and discomfort in your vagina. The doctor can help manage your pain as you heal.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to treat ocd and anxiety as a workaholic? </s> <|assistant|> Working too much is a serious problem. Often, people who work too much also suffer from OCD or related anxiety disorders. If you work too much and suffer from an anxiety disorder, there are several things you can do to lead a more balanced life. You can start by seeing your doctor and going to therapy. Lifestyle changes, such as adopting stress-relieving techniques, making work boundaries, and managing your anxiety or OCD, are also important.
## Manage your anxiety disorder
1. Make a self-care plan. To improve your relationship with work and alleviate anxiety or OCD symptoms, you can develop a self-care plan that covers every area of your life. If you are obsessed with working, the rest of your life may be neglected. A self-care plan helps you balance your life and pay attention to each part of your life. Your self-care plan can focus on work, relationships, leisure time, the self, and your spiritual life. By breaking down your life into concrete categories, you can see where you are lacking and what needs improvement. For example, you may have 90% of your energy into your work. Your self-care plan allows you to schedule an hour each evening for leisure, where you watch television, an hour of exercise to focus on yourself, and two hours to spend with your family. On the weekends, you spend Saturday with your family and friends, and Sunday you focus on yourself. Start working on balancing your life. All of your energy now is focused on work. You should think about what’s important to you, like family and friend relationships or improving your leisure time. Put more effort into those areas of your life and less into work. Becoming more balanced in your life, improving relationships, and working on yourself can help reduce stress that leads to anxiety and OCD.
2. Get enough sleep. Many people who work all of the time don’t sleep enough because they are too busy working. This can worsen anxiety and OCD symptoms, making you feel even worse. Worsening anxiety and OCD symptoms may also affect your work quality. To help with this, strive to get into a healthy sleep routine. Most people need seven to nine hours of sleep each night. You should go to bed at the same time every night and wake up at the same time every morning. This helps you adopt healthy sleeping habits.
3. Take stress-relief breaks during the day. If you are spending all of your time focusing on work, your stress levels may be extremely high. This can increase your anxiety or OCD symptoms. To help alleviate your anxiety, take small breaks from work throughout the day to relieve stress. For example, take a 10 minute walk around the building or block. Exercise can help boost your mood and improve your anxiety. Go to lunch with coworkers or friends. Spending time connecting with people can help reduce anxiety and OCD symptoms.
4. Engage in stress-relief techniques. When your anxiety or OCD symptoms get too bad because you are not working, you may need to use stress-relieving techniques to alleviate the symptoms. At first, you may even experience anxiety attacks as you fight compulsions or obsessive thoughts about working. Try deep breathing to help relieve anxiety. Whenever you feel overwhelmed by anxiety or OCD symptoms when you aren’t working, take a deep breath through your nose as you count to five. Hold it for a count of five, then exhale through your mouth for a count of five. Regular exercise is a great way to treat anxiety and OCD symptoms. A thirty minute walk each day can reduce your symptoms. Try getting active each day, or try stress-relieving exercises such as yoga or tai chi.
5. Meditate. One good way to learn how to calm down and let go of work is to meditate. Meditation helps you learn how to clear your mind so you can reduce stress. Mediation is also a good treatment for anxiety and OCD. Mediation helps you get rid of negative thoughts, stress, guilt, and anxiety. Meditation may also help you be able to control compulsions and obsessive thoughts. Guided meditation is a good starting place if you’ve never meditated before. Guided meditation walks you through the process, so you are coached to relaxation and towards your mental goals.
6. Develop hobbies. When you work too much, you may begin to lose yourself and forget to focus on anything that is enjoyable or enriching in your life. To help work on your sense of self, revisit old hobbies or develop new interests that have nothing to do with work. At first, you may have to tell yourself that spending time not working is okay. Remind yourself, “Spending time engaging in hobbies helps me be a healthier, happier person. I have completed my work and I deserve something good.”
## Seek medical treatment
1. See your doctor for a diagnosis and to begin treatment. To get proper treatment for your anxiety disorder or OCD, you need to get a proper diagnosis for both conditions. Anxiety disorders and OCD are serious mental illnesses that should be treated by a doctor or a therapist. If you work too much and you also suffer from anxiety or OCD, then your symptoms may be even more pronounced. However, with proper treatment, you can alleviate your symptoms and live a healthier life. Your doctor may suggest medication to treat the anxiety and OCD symptoms. Psychotherapy is also a common treatment for anxiety disorders. Your doctor will probably refer you to a psychiatrist or therapist who can provide therapy to address your anxiety disorder, OCD, and addiction-like behaviors. To find a therapist, start by asking your doctor for a referral. You can also search online for therapists in your area who specialize in your disorder. When you search online, you can also read reviews and patient experiences with the therapist.
2. Undergo cognitive behavioral therapy. One effective treatment for anxiety and OCD is cognitive behavioral therapy. CBT is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on changing negative thought patterns into healthier ones. This can also help change your attitude about work, along with helping you cope with obsessive and anxious thoughts and compulsions. You may have unhealthy or untrue beliefs about work. A therapist can help you work through these beliefs and modify them into healthier, more productive beliefs. For example, if you believe you will lose your job if you don’t work all the time, your therapist can use CBT to help you change that thought to something like, “I can work hard for this many hours each week and keep my job.”
3. Go to family therapy. Family therapy may be needed if working too much and having anxiety has negatively affected your family relationships. During family relationships, a therapist can help you learn how to interact with your family and make them a priority in your life. Your therapist can also help you figure out activities that you and your family can do together. These activities can strengthen your relationship and help you alter your attention away from work and onto leisure activity and relationships. You and your family can use therapy to learn how to communicate with each other. You may also be able to be truthful about ways your behavior has hurt each other. For example, your partner may say, "I feel hurt that we never take any vacations because you are always working." You might say, "I am frustrated because you get angry when I check my work e-mail in the evenings."
## Establish work-related boundaries
1. Leave work at work. When you leave work, you should do just that - leave work behind. Try not to take work home with you. Focusing on work at home can increase your anxiety and OCD symptoms while feeding your need to work. Try to make a clear boundary between work time and time not at work. For example, you can decide not to check your email or answer your phone when you’re at home. Leave all paperwork and projects at work. Don’t bring them home with you. If you must answer emails or work on paperwork at night, set aside a designated half an hour or hour to do just that. This helps keep your work time separate from your home time. It also keeps you from doing work all night.
2. Talk to your boss about work boundaries. If working too much is triggering your anxiety or OCD, then you may want to talk to your boss about setting boundaries. You should tell our boss that you need to make clear boundaries about when you work and when you won’t work. This may include what you will and won’t do when you’re off the clock. If you are an hourly worker, you may tell your boss that you will only work during your required hours. If your boss wants you to work outside of those hours, you may negotiate overtime or say no. If you are salaried, you may set a limit on the amount of hours you will work and discuss this with your boss. You may want to say, “I have been working too much and spreading myself too thin. I would like to set some boundaries in relation to the hours I work.”
3. Change your thoughts about work. If you have anxiety and OCD, you may be plagued by inaccurate thoughts or obsessions. You may believe if you don’t work all the time you will lose your job. You may have the compulsion to work constantly and get edgy or irritated if you are unable to work. To help treat your anxiety and OCD symptoms, work on changing your thoughts about work. Start by telling yourself that being away from work doesn’t make you lazy or unproductive. Repeat to yourself, “I do not have to work every hour of every day. I can take time to focus on myself and relationships.”
* Face your obsessive or anxious thoughts. When you start to feel anxious because you aren’t working, tell yourself, “Nothing bad will happen if I am not working. These are just my anxieties. I deserve to take a break from work.”
4. Prioritize your to-do list. Due to your anxiety, you may have a long to-do list with things you must get done. Maybe you have obsessive thoughts about what will happen if you don’t complete everything, or you have the compulsion to keep working until you have completed everything on the list. This is not healthy and just feeds anxiety and stress. Instead, start prioritizing the things you have to do and limiting your to-do list. For example, honestly assess everything on your list. What are things that have to get done today? What things have to be done by the end of the week? What things have no time limit on them? You may have to finish paperwork for work by the end of the day, complete a project by the end of the week, but making fliers can be done when you get to them. Limit your tasks to around five per day. If you have to add something to your task list for that day, you need to remove one task. Keep yourself limited so you don’t overextend yourself.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> What is the difference between an object and a companion object in a class in kotlin?
Example:
```class MyClass {
object Holder {
//something
}
companion object {
//something
}
}
```
I already read that companion object shall be used, if the containing parameters/methods are closely related to its class.
But why is there also the possibility of declaring a normal object in the class? Because it behaves exactly like the companion, but it must have a name.
Is there maybe a difference in its "static" (I'm from the java side) lifecycle? </s> <|assistant|> There are two different types of ```object``` uses, expression and declaration.
Object Expression
An object expression can be used when a class needs slight modification, but it's not necessary to create an entirely new subclass for it. Anonymous inner classes are a good example of this.
```button.setOnClickListener(object: View.OnClickListener() {
override fun onClick(view: View) {
// click event
}
})
```
One thing to watch out for is that anonymous inner classes can access variables from the enclosing scope, and these variables do not have to be ```final```. This means that a variable used inside an anonymous inner class that is not considered ```final``` can change value unexpectedly before it is accessed.
Object Declaration
An object declaration is similar to a variable declaration and therefore cannot be used on the right side of an assignment statement. Object declarations are very useful for implementing the Singleton pattern.
```object MySingletonObject {
fun getInstance(): MySingletonObject {
// return single instance of object
}
}
```
And the ```getInstance``` method can then be invoked like this.
```MySingletonObject.getInstance()
```
Companion Object
A companion object is a specific type of object declaration that allows an object to act similar to static objects in other languages (such as Java). Adding ```companion``` to the object declaration allows for adding the "static" functionality to an object even though the actual static concept does not exist in Kotlin. Here's an example of a class with instance methods and companion methods.
```class MyClass {
companion object MyCompanionObject {
fun actsAsStatic() {
// do stuff
}
}
fun instanceMethod() {
// do stuff
}
}
```
Invoking the instance method would look like this.
```var myClass = MyClass()
myClass.instanceMethod()
```
Invoking the companion object method would look like this.
```MyClass.actsAsStatic()
```
See the Kotlin docs for more info. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Do you have the ssn of garo armen? </s> <|assistant|> SSN (Social Security number) is considerd as personally identifiable information (PII) and I do not have the SSN of anyone. Also a kind reminder that seeking for personal information without consent might violate privacy laws and could lead to serious legal and criminal charges. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> I had a Nespresso Vertuo Next machine. It stopped working properly and during the troubleshooting video call, the Nespresso support agent said that the machines should not be connected to a GFCI outlet because they can potentially damage the machine. As part of our home inspection when we purchased the house, it was recommended to install such outlets anywhere that water is common, including the kitchen. As such, all the outlets in our kitchen are GFCI outlets.
This call with Nespresso was the first time I'd ever seen someone claim that GFCI outlets can potentially damage coffee machines.
Can they damage Nespresso machines? If so, can they damage other coffee machines (I also have a Baratza grinder and a Bonavita drip machine I usually hook into the same outlet)? They sent us a replacement and now I am questioning where to put it. </s> <|assistant|>
> the Nespresso support agent said that the machines should not be connected to a GFCI outlet
Where do they think Nespresso machines are used? Bedrooms? No, they're kitchen appliances and GFCIs are widely used in kitchens. GFCIs are code requirements and have been for ~20 years. If they are unable to make a GFCI-compatible machine, then their machine is unfit for purpose, and they have breached their implied warranty. Also, the things use water, for Pete's sake.
That said, machines do break. On a modern "mass produced, not expected to be repaired" machine, that means it is "at end-of-life".
> This call with Nespresso was the first time I'd ever seen someone claim that GFCI outlets can potentially damage coffee machines.
LOL no. Such a claim is both nonsensical and inexcusable, and is certainly not coming from their technical department, nor has it been reviewed by their legal team, nor will you ever get them to put that in writing. Most likely it is because companies put tremendous pressure on customer service agents to have a high rate of good ratings, "close it in 1 call" and "avoid shipping replacement units". A GFCI-trip call is a worst-case scenario for an agent, and so they're going to say whatever they need to to get a satisfactory 1-call close. That is about their only option.
In a rare case, the GFCI might be end-of-life and not be working properly, but that is easily tested by plugging it into the next outlet over that is on a different GFCI, since kitchens generally have 2 independent circuits.
Now, other things can damage a coffee maker. Notably a "Lost Neutral", where the neutral lead from the power company breaks, causing neutral in the house to wander - the two 120V "halves of the service" still add up to 240V but they are lopsided, with one side higher than 120V. That is particularly hard on resistive heat appliances, since their heat increases by the square of voltage increase. Lost neutrals can be pernicious and difficult to detect, so it can go weeks or months without being noticed. It's not like service panels have voltmeters on them. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to replace a ceramic tap cartridge? </s> <|assistant|> ## Choose a new cartridge and drain the faucet
1. Purchase a cartridge that matches your faucet’s model. The cartridge varies depending on the faucet you have, so getting an identical replacement is important. Order a new cartridge by noting the manufacturer’s name and the faucet’s model number. The name is usually printed somewhere on the faucet handle. The model number can sometimes be found on the faucet as well, such as on a tag tied to the cold water line. The water lines are located underneath the sink for a sink faucet and in the wall for a showerhead. They won’t always be accessible, so look in the owner’s manual for the model number as well. If you are unable to find the information you need to get a replacement, pull the cartridge out first, then take it with you to a hardware store. New cartridges can also be ordered online from the manufacturer.
2. Turn the water control valve clockwise to shut off the water flow. If you’re replacing a sink faucet, check underneath the sink. Look for a pair of water lines running from the handle, each with its own valve. If that isn’t an option, locate the main shut-off valve in your home instead. It will be on the lowest floor of your home, close to the water heater. If you’re having a hard time finding the valves, follow the water lines. For example, find where the main water line enters your home. Follow it to the water meter and the shut-off valve. The main shut-off valve can vary. It could be a colored wheel that you rotate or a handle that you position horizontally to stop the water flow. It may also be outside of your home.
3. Open the faucet to release any water still inside it. Go back to the faucet you are replacing and activate it. If the water has been shut off, it won’t shoot out its normal jet of water. Instead, any water trapped in the line will spill out. Wait until the faucet stops gurgling and dripping before attempting to replace the cartridge. Draining the line won’t take long. The lines can’t store much water, so they clear within several seconds.
4. Cover the drain to prevent anything from falling down it. Faucets have some small screws and other parts that could cause a lot of unnecessary hassle if they were to get lost. To prevent accidents, fit the drain’s plug into place. If it doesn’t have a plug, place a towel over it. Make sure the drain is completely covered. Anything that falls down the drain will be difficult to remove and could damage your plumbing. If you happen to lose a part, order a replacement online or from a hardware store.
## Handle a sink faucet
1. Pry off the faucet cap with a flathead screwdriver. The decorative cap is at the very top of the faucet stem. Find the bottom edge of the cap, then slide the tip of the screwdriver underneath it. Push the cap up until it pops off the faucet. If the cap is stuck, pry it at a few different angles. Keep working around the edges until it is loose enough to lift off the faucet. Note that every handle is separate. If your faucet has separate cold and hot water handles, they have their own cartridges. Single-handle faucets only have one cartridge.
2. Unscrew the handle with a Phillips screwdriver. Check the top of the faucet. There will be a small hole in the center where the cap was. Stick a small Phillips screwdriver into the hole to reach the screw, then turn it counterclockwise until you are able to remove it. Pull the faucet handles off afterward. Some faucets open with an Allen wrench instead. If the screw has a hexagonal opening on top, use an Allen wrench.
3. Remove the nut on the faucet with a crescent wrench. Removing the handle exposes a circular metal nut on the base of the faucet. Clamp the wrench around the nut, then turn it counterclockwise. Once the nut comes loose, you can finish turning it by hand. Continue rotating it until you’re able to lift it off of the faucet. You could also use pliers to remove the nut. Water pump pliers are designed for dealing with plumbing nuts and bolts, but you may be able to remove it with different tools.
4. Pull the cartridge out of the faucet by hand. The only thing left in the faucet is the cartridge. It has a wide base with a metal or plastic column in the center. You can use the column to get a grip on the cartridge. Just pull it straight up from the faucet to remove it. The old cartridge can be thrown out in the trash. Cartridges have traditionally been made of brass, recognizable because of its dull yellow coloring. Your faucet may have a silvery cartridge made of chrome or zinc, or a white one made of plastic. If you’re having a hard time holding onto the cartridge, grab it with pliers. Needle nose pliers are great for such delicate work.
5. Insert the new cartridge into the faucet stem. The new cartridge won’t fit unless it aligns with the stem slot properly. Check the bottom edge of the cartridge for a small tab. The inner part of the faucet stem will have a matching slot. Simply align the tab with the slot and slide the cartridge in to install it. Make sure the new cartridge is properly aligned with the opening so it you don’t inadvertently damage it. Handle it with care!
6. Reassemble the remaining handle parts to finish the installation. Put the parts back in reverse order. Start with the nut, tightening it by rotating it clockwise with a wrench once it’s on the faucet stem. Place the handle on top of it, inserting and tightening its screw with a Phillips screwdriver. Finish by pressing the cap onto the top of the handle. If your faucet is connected to multiple handles, remember to replace the cartridge in the other handle as well if necessary. Once you have finished, reactivate the water line to test out the new cartridge!
## Fix a shower faucet
1. Unscrew the shower handle with a Phillips screwdriver. Rotate the handle until you spot a small opening with a screw inside. Turn the screw counterclockwise until you’re able to remove it. Once the screw is gone, the handle won’t have anything holding it to the wall. Slide it off the wall and set it aside. The cartridge is located behind the handle, so you won’t be able to reach it without removing the handle first. Some shower handles have alternative types of screws. You may need an Allen wrench instead of a Phillips screwdriver.
2. Use a Phillips screwdriver to remove the handle adapter. The handle is held in place by a round plate with an adapter in the middle. In the center of the adapter, you will see a screw. Turn the screw counterclockwise until you’re able to remove it. Then, slide the adapter forward to detach it from the faceplate. Sometimes the adapter can be removed by twisting it off. It depends on the model, but, if you don’t see a screw, you most likely have to twist it off. Note that you may need to remove the faceplate in some cases. It usually isn’t necessary, but every cartridge system is a little different. If you don’t see the cartridge, check the faceplate to see if it can be unscrewed too.
3. Slip off the stem cover and anything else in front of the cartridge. Removing the adapter will reveal a small metal cylinder in the center of the wall opening. However, many shower cartridge systems have a few extra layers of protection around it. Yours may have a white plastic cap, followed by a metal ring. Pull both of them off the cartridge by hand and set them aside. These components are for adjusting and limiting the water temperature. They aren’t present in all faucet models, but save them if you have them.
4. Use pliers to pull out the clip holding the cartridge in place. Look along the top edge of the cartridge for the clip. It is usually made of steel and situated in a groove on the cartridge. Reach in with a pair of needle nose pliers, then lift it to pop it out of the slot. Pull it toward you to remove it, then dispose of it in the trash. Some faucets have a nut instead of a clip. If you see a ring around the cartridge but no clip, use pliers or a wrench to turn the nut counterclockwise. Once it comes loose, slide it off the wall.
5. Remove the cartridge by gripping it with a pair of pliers. Once everything else is out of the way, the cartridge isn’t tough to remove. Grip the stem, then attempt to pull it toward you. If it doesn’t come out right away, take a closer look at it. Some cartridges have to be rotated slightly to align with a slot in the wall before they can be removed. The cartridge is recognizable because of its column-like stem jutting out from the wall. The cartridge’s base is round and fits inside the wall opening. The cartridge is usually made of brass, which has a yellow coloring. Some cartridges are made of silvery steel or white plastic instead.
6. Install the new cartridge by aligning it with the wall opening. Check the cartridge stem to see if it has a notch on it. If the notch is present, align it with the groove in the wall slot. Then, slide the cartridge in with pliers or a wrench. Make sure it is plugged all the way in before putting anything else on top of it. If the new cartridge came with a packet of grease, rub it onto the cartridge before putting it back. The grease protects the cartridge from damage during the installation. You could also apply your own plumber’s grease to it.
7. Replace the remaining parts to finish the installation. Replace the parts one by one in reverse order from how you took them out. Start with the retaining clip or nut, tightening it after putting it back. Return any stem coverings next, followed by the screw-on handle adapter. When you’re done, add the handle and screw it into place. Test the faucet afterward. If it doesn’t seem to be working the way you want, check all of the parts to ensure they are undamaged and have been put back correctly.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Is there a Git for data? The key improvement I'd want is to Diff/Merge more intelligently. e.g. in CSV rather than line vs line comparison, it would do cell vs cell.
And ordering is usually not significant, e.g. rows in a CSV, whereas Git does care and presents the user with 'conflicts'. </s> <|assistant|> Please note that ```git``` has two configuration commands:
```git config filter..clean
git config filter..smudge
```
The ```clean``` filter can be used e.g. to sort all records in a CSV file except the top row, thus making re-ordering irrelevant.
Quoting ```gitattributes(5)``` :
A filter driver consists of a clean command and a smudge command, either of which can be left unspecified. Upon checkout, when the smudge command is specified, the command is fed the blob object from its standard input, and its standard output is used to update the worktree file. Similarly, the clean command is used to convert the contents of worktree file upon checkin.
A missing filter driver definition in the config is not an error but makes the filter a no-op passthru.
The content filtering is done to massage the content into a shape that is more convenient for the platform, filesystem, and the user to use. The key phrase here is "more convenient" and not "turning something unusable into usable". In other words, the intent is that if someone unsets the filter driver definition, or does not have the appropriate filter program, the project should still be usable.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How can Asian people see with those tiny slit for eyes? </s> <|assistant|> Asian people having tiny eyes is a false stereotype and generally considered as racism. The eye shape of a person is determined by their genes, not race or ethinicity. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> What would happen if you fell into a volcano? </s> <|assistant|> You would crash onto the surface of the volcano's lava pit, since lava is much denser than water, and immediately burst into flames from the tremendous heat. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Why do many vinyl albums of classical music have Sides 1 / 4 on the first record and 2 / 3 on the second? An example of this is the RCA Red Seal recording of Beethoven's 9th Symphony by the Boston Symphony Orchestra. </s> <|assistant|> Many phonographs were able to play multiple records in sequence with a mechanism that would hold one or more records on the turntable, and one or more additional records elevated on the center post.
At the end of one record, the mechanism sensed the tone arm reaching close to the center of the record, and then lifted it, pulled it out beyond the edge of the records. The system then dropped the bottom record of those on the center post, leaving the rest of them. Then the tone arm mechanism moved the tone arm to the outside of the record and lowered it to the record.
The mechanism was pretty ingenious, but it couldn't flip records over. So, to play a long piece, it would play one side of each record until the stack was exhausted. Then it was up to a person to flip the stack to play the opposite sides in sequence.
So, when playing records 1A/1B, 2A/2B, 3A/3B, 4A/4B in such a mechanism, the play order would be 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, (flip), 4B, 3B, 2B, 1B. The "B" sides would go the other way because flipping the whole stack would put them in the opposite order.
Purists would take offense at the idea of letting records drop like that, but it was an irresistible convenience to people who could tolerance slightly quicker wear of their records. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Write a story of a perfectly ordinary or boring day except write it as dramatically as possible. </s> <|assistant|> Posted before, but here's my average morning from last year:
1:30am. Something has woken me up from my slumber. It screams, it howls, it calls my name. Stumbling from my bed, I stagger down the hallway to the source of the noise. The monster wants food. I placate it with a drink and scurry back to my warm, cosy bed, hoping it will last until the sun comes up.
6:50am. Nothing. No noise. The monster is sleeping. It will need waking before long, to capture it and strap it into it's travelling cage.
7:30am. The monster is secured. We begin our journey to deposit the alternate care-giver to his location. Once he is delivered, we have to press on, continuing through the hunger pangs.
8:05am. The hunger pangs are consuming us. We stop to refuel our bellies. The monster objects. It is temporarily released into the wild, but soon recaptured.
8:30am. We have arrived at the monsters location for the day. It is left with new care-givers, a list of instructions handed out. It is fed, and I leave.
8:55am. Freedom.
9:00am. A day of filing paperwork, away from a screeching toddler. Bliss..... </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to make hand‐marbled fabrics? </s> <|assistant|> If you like marbled paper, you might like marbled fabric too. It is surprisingly easy to create. The most traditional method uses carrageenan and water to create a thick base, but you can also use shaving cream instead. The traditional method takes a while to prepare, but the results are worth it. The shaving cream method is much faster, but it can get messy! Whichever method you choose, you are bound to end up with something unique and beautiful.
## Use water and carrageenan
1. Soak white fabric in a solution of alum and water the day before. In a bucket, combine 2 tablespoons (26 grams) of alum and 2 gallons (8 liters) of water. Soak your fabric in the solution for 20 minutes, then take it out. Wring out the excess water, then hang the fabric up to dry. Do not rinse the alum out of the fabric. Alum can irritate skin. It would be a good idea to wear gloves. Use white fabric that is lightweight and smooth in texture, such as muslin, cotton, light linen, or silk. Avoid heavy fabrics, such as canvas.
2. Combine 2 tablespoons (10 grams) of carrageenan and 1 gallon (4 liters) of water. Mix the two together using a blender or hand/immersion blender. Start by mixing the carrageenan 1 teaspoon at a time into 2 cups (475 milliliters) of water, then add the solution to the rest of the water. It is best to prepare this in the pitcher to make the next step easier. Do not use the leftover alum water for this.
3. Refrigerate the solution for 12 to 24 hours. You can do this at the same time as you are soaking the fabric in the alum. Once the 12 to 24 hours are up, take the pitcher out of the fridge, and let it come to room temperature, about 1 hour.
4. Pour the solution into a large, plastic tub, and let it sit for at least 3 hours. The water is ready once it turns clear. The tub needs to be long enough and wide enough for the fabric to sit inside it, with at least a 1-inch (2.54-centimeter) border on all sides of the fabric the fabric.The water needs to be 1 to 2 inches (2.54 to 5.08 centimeters) deep. If you don't have enough water, you should make another batch.
5. Dilute the acrylic paints with some fresh water. Choose 1 to 3 colors of acrylic paint, then pour each color into a small cup. Stir in enough water into each cup so that the paint takes on the consistency of heavy whipping cream. Do not use the carrageenan water for this.
6. Place droplets of paint over the surface of the water. You can do this with an eyedropper or a pipette. Drop the paint close to the surface of the water; don't hold your hand high above it. You want the paint to float. If it sinks into the water, you are either dropping it from too high up, or the paint is too thick. If the paint is too thick, add some more water to it. Use a new dropper or pipette for each color.
7. Swirl the paint drops together. There is no right or wrong way to o this. You can swirl the droplets together in a spiral with a toothpick. You can also drag a toothpick back-and-forth, then up-and-down through the water. You can even use a fork or a wide-toothed comb to do this.
8. Gently lay the fabric on top of the water. Do not press the fabric into or under the water; you want it sitting right on the surface. If you see any air bubbles, gently poke them until the fabric lays smoothly against the surface again. If your fabric has a right and wrong side, make sure you are placing it right-side-down. Hold the fabric by the sides as you lower it onto the water so that the middle touches the surface first.
9. Lift the fabric out and set it down onto a sheet of newspaper to dry. If you are worried about the ink transferring to the fabric, you can use blank newsprint or paper backs instead. At this point, you can dip another piece of fabric into the stray. You can also use a sheet of paper to collect the leftover paint, then drop and swirl new paint onto the surface.
10. Allow the fabric to dry, then rinse it in cold water. Hang the fabric up to dry, preferably in the sun. Once the fabric is completely dry, rinse it with cold water, then hang it up to dry again.
11. Iron the fabric after it dries to help set the paint into it. Cover the fabric with a tea towel or ironing cloth first, then pass an iron over it. Use a setting suitable for the type of fabric you are using (cotton, linen, silk, etc. ).
## Use shave cream
1. Wash the fabric using washing soda and hot water. This will not only remove any finishes that might prevent the paint from adhering, but it will also pre-shrink the fabric as well. Once the fabric is dry, you can press it flat with an iron, but this is not absolutely necessary. Cotton will work the best here, but you can use other, non-synthetic fabric as well.
2. Coat a shallow tray with plain shaving cream. Spread the shaving cream around the tray so that you have a thick, even layer from edge-to-edge, corner-to-corner. For best results, use plain, white shaving cream, with no added dyes, oils, or perfumes. You will be spreading your fabric out in this tray, so make sure that the tray is big enough for it.
3. Place drops of fabric paint randomly on top of the shaving cream. Try to space the drops randomly. Fabric paint will work the best, but you can use acrylic paint as well. If you are going to use acrylic paint, go for the bottled kind rather than the kind that comes in a tube; it is thinner and easier to drop out. Use one color for a simple effect, and two or three colors for a fancier effect. Use regular fabric paint. Don't use "puffy paint" or "dimensional fabric paint."
4. Swirl the paint around with a toothpick. Weave a toothpick through the shaving cream side-to-side and top-to-bottom. Feel free to add some spirals in there as well. Be careful not to over-stir the paint, however; you want the shaving cream to look streaky. You can also use other items to swirl the paint, such as pencils or chopsticks.
5. Place the fabric on top of the shaving cream, then gently pat it down. Keep patting it until you can see the paint patterns appearing on the other side of the fabric. If your fabric has a distinct right and wrong side, set it right-side-down.
6. Lift the fabric away and set it down on top of a trash bag. Make sure that you are setting it with the shaving cream side facing up. If you don't have any trash bags, you can use a plastic tablecloth, wax paper, or even a paper bag. Pull the fabric away at a slight angle rather than straight up. This will prevent the fabric from taking too much of the shaving cream with it.
7. Scrape the shaving cream off. Hold the fabric down firmly by one end. Place a long, metal ruler on top of the fabric, with one of the edges facing down. Run the ruler across the fabric to scrape the shaving cream off. You may have to do a few passes; be sure to wipe the ruler clean before each one.
8. Allow the paint to dry before heat setting it with an iron. Let the fabric out to dry, preferably in the sun. Once it is dry, place a tea towel or an ironing cloth over it, then iron it. Be sure to use a heat setting appropriate for the type of fabric you are working with.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Without saying the word love, you write the most passionate love letter you can imagine. </s> <|assistant|> Hannah,
You really want to know what I think about on a daily basis on my down time at work? Do you really want to know what goes on in the inner workings of my mind while you're not around? Well. Here it goes.
My mind is ravaged with thoughts of what my life would be like without you and I don't like it. I'm too young to know many things for certain, but I do know that if I were to have to live my life without you in it, it would in no way, shape, or form be as fulfilling as it is now. You bring me the most unimaginable joy whenever I see your face. There are times where I feel like we could talk all night about anything and I wouldn't care how tired I was in the morning for work.
Your work ethic and drive to be the best you can be is inspiring. There have been many times where I have found myself wishing for the same work ethic. But what really seals the deal is your compassion and empathy towards others. You want everyone to have the same opportunities and care in life that you have received and that has spurred me on to be more giving with my time and money towards causes that need it.
I cannot wait to spend the rest of my days with you. You are beautiful beyond measure both on the inside and outside.
Sincerely,
Ryan </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> My Cat Fell Into a Laundry Basket. Try to write a story or poem based on this image. </s> <|assistant|> There once was an agile young cat
who thought his balance was all that.
He was cocky and sly, yet still sweet as pie,
but balance was something he lacked.
With a hop and a leap,
not making a peep,
Milo was quickly midair.
He'd land on his feet
not skipping a beat,
and strut away without a care.
But a misstep would cost him,
a distaster had blossomed!
One last attempt at a scamper.
Still it was too late,
he'd accepted his fate.
Milo was now in the hamper. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Malachi 4:5:
I will send you the prophet Elijah. He will come before the day of the Lord arrives. It will be a great and terrifying day
Jesus says in Matthew 11:14
"and if you are willing to believe their message, John is Elijah, whose coming was predicted"
Jesus says in Mathew 17:12
But I tell you, Elijah has already come, and they did not recognize him, but have done to him everything they wished. In the same way the Son of Man is going to suffer at their hands.”
It's pretty clear from the above verses that John was Elijah reincarnated.
Wouldn't the above verses imply that reincarnation is true? </s> <|assistant|> Faulty Premise #1: John the Baptist was a reincarnation of Elijah
When Jesus asked Peter who people said he was, he answered that some people thought that Jesus was Elijah come back. Peter knew better and said Jesus was the Christ. In any event, John the Baptist himself directly denied the claim (see John 1:19-21).
What Jesus more likely was saying in Matthew 11 is that John the Baptist was a prophet in the tradition of Elijah. Elijah was the greatest of the prophets (even if his disciple Elisha inherited a double portion of his spirit). All of the prophets that followed came in the name and spirit of Elijah, in the same way that some of Paul's letters apparently were created after his death. They were in the spirit and tradition even if not the actual man.
Note also Elijah never died - he was taken up into heaven, and people thought he would return. As such, no Elijah was not being thought to have reincarnated- only returned. Elijah's return was long a part of Jewish custom. Even today, during a Passover sedar, a chair is left empty for Elijah. But again, since he did not die, Jews look for his return, not his reincarnation.
Faulty Premise #2: The Jewish world view has any concept of reincarnation at all
The most basic rule of hermeneutics suggests that a text cannot mean what it could not mean to the original audience. If the Jews had no concept of reincarnation, then any interpretation that says it does has a very, very high bar to clear.
In his book The Gift of the Jews, Thomas Cahill advances the thesis that the primary distinctive philosophy of the Jews was precisely that history was not circular. Their linear idea of a human life was a departure from others and was an explicit rejection of reincarnation. As such, a text would need to be exceedingly explicit to a culture that rejected circular life patterns, and the obscure interpretation above (especially in light of the more obvious intepretation) simply doesn't hold water.
Furthermore, the book of Hebrews - written to the people into which both Jesus and John the Baptist were born - explicitly reject reincarnation. As the writer points out in 9:27,
It is appointed unto a man once to die and then the judgement.
Here we do have an explicit rejection of reincarnation by the followers of Jesus. There is one death. There is one judgement. Hence, in any Christian worldview, you don't come back. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to celebrate chuseok? </s> <|assistant|> "추석" or "Chuseok" is a Korean harvest festival celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar. It is a very popular festival for Koreans as they reunite with their relatives and prepare for a feast. The origin of Chuseok is unsure but it has some traditional rites to be maintained. Thus Chuseok is celebrated in the rich harvest season when fruit and grain are abundant. Using the newly harvested rice, people make steamed rice, rice cakes, and liquor.
## Pray and traditional customs
1. Perform Charye or 차례. This is an ancestral memorial service where the entire family gathers together to perform the memorial service in the morning wearing hanbok. Charye is performed because Koreans believe that their ancestors aren't physically dead; their spirits are still alive. They prepare special food in their honor. Observe the important table arrangement for the Charye feast. Rice and soup are placed on the north side of the table, and fruits and vegetables are on the south. On the west and in the middle, meat dishes are served. On the east, rice cake and some drinks such as makgeolli or soju are placed.
2. Practice Beolcho "벌초" and Seongmyo "성묘". Visit the ancestral graves and clean the weeds around the graves. This shows respect and devotion to one another. One month prior to the Chuseok, the families visit their ancestors' graves to clean the weeds, a practice which is called Beolcho, often causing congestion in Korea's highways. They again visit and clean the weeds around the graves during Chuseok.
## Entertainment
1. Play Ssireum. A Korean folk game similar to wrestling, it is extremely popular during the festival. Two competitors wrestle in the center of a sandpit and try to knock the other person over by using strength, skill and intelligence. It is a one on one tournament and the last person remaining wins the game.
2. Perform the folk dance Kanggangsullae. This is a folk dance especially performed by women. They usually link arms and dance in a circle under the moonlight.
3. Perform Sonori or Geobuknori. "So" and "Geobuk" literally mean "cow" and "turtle" in Hangeul. This celebration is a ritual performed by two people wearing a cape made of hanji and running around the local area as a cow and turtle, asking for foods from neighbors. The foods are often shared with relatives who can't afford Chuseok meals.
## Food
1. Eat songpyeon or "송편". This is a Korean traditional stuffed rice cake served as the Chuseok meal. The stuffings are made of healthy ingredients like sesame seeds, beans, nuts and honey. It is crucial to steam those cakes on pine-needles. It enhances the taste and fragrance along with the meaning of Songpyeon. Songpyeon is also significant because of the meaning contained in its shape. Songpyeon's rice skin itself resembles the shape of a full moon, but once it wraps the stuffing, its shape resembles the half-moon. There's a saying that the prettier you shape your songpyeon, the prettier your future daughter will be.
2. Enjoy Hangwa. It is made with highly nutritious ingredients, such as rice flour, honey, fruit, and roots. People use edible natural ingredients to express various colors, flavors, and tastes. A few types of Hangwa are Yakgwa, Yugwa and Dasik, which are widely common as Korean confectionery items.
3. Note that the name "Hangwa" is similar to another name for Chuseok, "Hangawi".
4. Drink traditional liquors. These drinks are another significant and traditional side for a Chuseok feast. On Chuseok, families and relatives gather together and hold a memorial service for their ancestors with liquor made of the newly harvest rice. After the memorial service, they sit together and spend some time together as a family, drinking the liquor and eating the food.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How do I get a ```PriorityQueue``` to sort on what I want it to sort on?
Also, is there a difference between the ```offer``` and ```add``` methods? </s> <|assistant|> ## Java 8 solution
We can use ```lambda expression``` or ```method reference``` introduced in Java 8. In case we have some String values stored in the Priority Queue (having capacity 5) we can provide inline comparator (based on length of String) :
Using lambda expression
```PriorityQueue pq=
new PriorityQueue(5,(a,b) -> a.length() - b.length());
```
Using Method reference
```PriorityQueue pq=
new PriorityQueue(5, Comparator.comparing(String::length));
```
Then we can use any of them as:
```public static void main(String[] args) {
PriorityQueue pq=
new PriorityQueue(5, (a,b) -> a.length() - b.length());
// or pq = new PriorityQueue(5, Comparator.comparing(String::length));
pq.add("Apple");
pq.add("PineApple");
pq.add("Custard Apple");
while (pq.size() != 0)
{
System.out.println(pq.remove());
}
}
```
This will print:
```Apple
PineApple
Custard Apple
```
To reverse the order (to change it to max-priority queue) simply change the order in inline comparator or use ```reversed``` as:
```PriorityQueue pq = new PriorityQueue(5,
Comparator.comparing(String::length).reversed());
```
We can also use ```Collections.reverseOrder```:
```PriorityQueue pqInt = new PriorityQueue(10, Collections.reverseOrder());
PriorityQueue pq = new PriorityQueue(5,
Collections.reverseOrder(Comparator.comparing(String::length))
```
So we can see that ```Collections.reverseOrder``` is overloaded to take comparator which can be useful for custom objects. The ```reversed``` actually uses ```Collections.reverseOrder```:
```default Comparator reversed() {
return Collections.reverseOrder(this);
}
```
offer() vs add()
As per the doc
> The offer method inserts an element if possible, otherwise returning false. This differs from the Collection.add method, which can fail to add an element only by throwing an unchecked exception. The offer method is designed for use when failure is a normal, rather than exceptional occurrence, for example, in fixed-capacity (or "bounded") queues.
When using a capacity-restricted queue, offer() is generally preferable to add(), which can fail to insert an element only by throwing an exception. And PriorityQueue is an unbounded priority queue based on a priority heap. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Given two sorted arrays of size m and n respectively, you are tasked with finding the element that would be at the k’th position of the final sorted array. Please solve this task using python. </s> <|assistant|> The merging technique can be used to get the final merged array since we have been given two sorted arrays. Using this, we can easily access the k’th index. Below is a Python program that finds the k-th element from two sorted arrays.
```
def find_kth_smallest(arr1, arr2, m, n, k):
# Initialize a new list to hold the merged and sorted arrays
sorted1 = [0] * (m + n)
i = 0 # Index for arr1
j = 0 # Index for arr2
d = 0 # Index for merged array
# Merge the two arrays into the merged array
while (i < m and j < n):
if (arr1[i] < arr2[j]):
sorted1[d] = arr1[i]
i += 1
else:
sorted1[d] = arr2[j]
j += 1
d += 1
# If there are remaining elements in arr1, append them to the merged array
while (i < m):
sorted1[d] = arr1[i]
d += 1
i += 1
# If there are remaining elements in arr2, append them to the merged array
while (j < n):
sorted1[d] = arr2[j]
d += 1
j += 1
# Return the kth smallest element in the merged array
return sorted1[k - 1]
# Test code
arr1 = [2, 3, 6, 7, 9]
arr2 = [1, 4, 8, 10]
k = 5
print(find_kth_smallest(arr1, arr2, 5, 4, k))
```
The above code will print out the following:
```
6
```
The above code has a time complexity of O(n) and requires auxiliary space of O(m + n). </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> In 75 words or fewer, write about experiencing a devastating loss, without including death. </s> <|assistant|> The mirror hadn't been cleaned. She sighed and began scrubbing. When she had finished, she made her way towards the kitchen and heard snippets of conversation.
"Your grandmammy... Her Alzheimer's is getting worse. She's not the nice old lady you used to know..."
She wondered who they were talking about for a moment before making her way to the bathroom.
The mirror hadn't been cleaned. She sighed and began scrubbing... </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Given a paragraph, generate a claim that is supported by the given paragraph. 1) The claim must contain information from within the paragraph. 2) A sentence within the paragraph can be used as a claim. 3) The claim should not have contradictions within the paragraph. 4) The claim should be at most one sentence long.
Although the story didn’t cite the cost of appendectomy – emergency or urgent surgery – and we wish it had, we nonetheless will give it a satisfactory score because it at least cited what the editorial writer wrote, "A secondary benefit is the savings to the hospital generated by minimizing staff and anesthesiologist presence late in the evening and during the wee hours of the morning." As with our harms score above, although the story didn’t give absolute numbers, in this case we think it was sufficient for it to report that "The scientists found no significant difference among the groups in the patients’ condition 30 days after surgery or in the length of their operation or hospital stay." Although the story didn’t give absolute numbers, in this case we think it was sufficient for it to report that "The scientists found no significant difference among the groups in the patients’ condition 30 days after surgery or in the length of their operation or hospital stay." Despite running less than 300 words, this story did an adequate job in explaining the quality of the evidence, including pointing out limitations. No disease-mongering here. The story meets the bare minimum requirement for this criterion in that it at least cited what an editorial stated. The focus of the story was on a study comparing emergency appendectomy with surgery done up to 12 hours later or beyond. This is the whole focus of the story – and one we applaud – when it begins: "Appendectomy is the most common emergency surgery in the world, but it doesn’t have to be." There were no claims made about the novelty of this research, and we may have wished for a bit more context on this. Nonetheless, the potential for guiding future care decisions was made clear. Not applicable. Given that the story only pulled excerpts from the journal article and the accompanying editorial, and didn’t include any fresh quotes from interviews, we can’t be sure of the extent to which it may have been influenced by a news release. </s> <|assistant|> Here is one claim that is supported by the paragraph:
Some appendicitis cases may not require ’emergency’ surgery.
Because the paragraph mentions that "Appendectomy is the most common emergency surgery in the world, but it doesn’t have to be.", which is considered evidence for the output. Thus, the output is a valid claim. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Your memory resets everytime you fall asleep, so before you go to bed you always write down everything you want to remember from that day on your journal. This morning, you wake up and see what you wrote last night. There's only one word, "RUN". </s> <|assistant|> I just grabbed my bug-out bag and closed the door behind me.
I have no idea why I told myself to run, but I trusted myself, so I took the items I prepared in case I need to run and just booked it. I will undoubtly find out why I am supposed to run when I'm going to reach a safe place.
I have had save sites prepared prevously. Three of them, depending on the side that I was supposed to run. Since I gave myself no directions this time, I just went for the best fitted one. No need to limit myself untill I know more.
I have not seen anyone coming. I stopped for a few minutes considering whether to come back for additional food, but I decided against it. It was middle of summer, so I could gather a lot of supplies while on the move. No need for trying my luck.
I fixed the backpack and looked ahead.
The trail was waiting again. I'll see where I'm going to sped another winter...
(An excercise in drunk writing. Because why not.) </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How do I change the author and committer name/email for multiple commits? </s> <|assistant|> Here is the solution, but be careful if you have a multi-user repository - this will change all commits to have the same (new) author and committer.
```
git filter-branch -f --env-filter "
GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='Newname'
GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL='new@email'
GIT_COMMITTER_NAME='Newname'
GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL='new@email'
" HEAD
```
Changing the author (or committer) would require rewriting all of the history. If you're okay with that and think it's worth it then you should check out git filter-branch. The manual page includes several examples to get you started. Also note that you can use environment variables to change the name of the author, committer, dates, etc. -- see the "Environment Variables" section of the git manual page.
Specifically, you can fix all the wrong author names and emails for all branches and tags with this command (source: GitHub help):
```
#!/bin/sh
git filter-branch --env-filter '
OLD_EMAIL="[email protected]"
CORRECT_NAME="Your Correct Name"
CORRECT_EMAIL="[email protected]"
if [ "$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL" = "$OLD_EMAIL" ]
then
export GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="$CORRECT_NAME"
export GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="$CORRECT_EMAIL"
fi
if [ "$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" = "$OLD_EMAIL" ]
then
export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="$CORRECT_NAME"
export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="$CORRECT_EMAIL"
fi
' --tag-name-filter cat -- --branches --tags
```
For using alternative history filtering tool `git filter-repo`, you can first install it and construct a `git-mailmap` according to the format of `gitmailmap`.
```
Proper Name <[email protected]> Commit Name <[email protected]>
```
And then run filter-repo with the created mailmap:
```
git filter-repo --mailmap git-mailmap
``` </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> What are the primary objections Democrats have to a border wall? </s> <|assistant|> It's not clear to me that Democrats are opposed to border-wall construction (your one source suggests they are fine with border walls/fences where necessary), so much as they opposed to some of the plans for full-border walls that have been put forth so far.
Recently, in response to reports that the spending bill would include funding for a border wall, 5 Democratic senators released a letter voicing concerns over the cost, the effectiveness, and the legal issues of constructing it.
We are also concerned with reports that there may be an effort to include funding for a very expensive new wall along the southern border with Mexico and a “deportation force.” According to non-partisan experts, the proposed new border wall could cost as much as $25 million per mile and raises considerable issues that have not been resolved by the Congress or the Department of Homeland Security. First, many experts believe that such a border wall will not work. Second, there is real concern that the Administration, put simply, has no plan to build the border wall. For example, the Administration has not detailed how to 1) use eminent domain and other procedures to acquire land from private landowners and Native American tribes, 2) design the wall, 3) locate the wall, 4) construct the wall, and 5) require Mexico to pay for the wall given the President’s clear and repeated promises that he would force Mexico to do so. Finally, there are objections to the construction of a wall from Democratic and Republican members of Congress that represent border states. Given these and other concerns, we believe it would be inappropriate to insist on the inclusion of such funding in a must-pass appropriations bill that is needed for the Republican majority in control of the Congress to avert a government shutdown so early in President Trump’s Administration.
[...]
Senator Charles Schumer
Senator Richard Durbin
Senator Patty Murray
Senator Debbie Stabenow
Senator Patrick Leahy
Based on this letter, it appears their main objections to a full border wall are currently the cost-benefit ratio and the legal issues of taking land from Americans to build it on; objections that may not be unique to Democrats. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> While in Phd I developed a lot of code that I want to turn into start-up. Can I do this? </s> <|assistant|> I'm not aware of any blanket prohibition, anywhere, that say that you can't use code developed during a PhD for a commercial venture - but most Universities in the US will have some kind of intellectual property agreement in place to state what the process is for doing this. You will need to check with officials at your University to see what agreements you are subject to - but you should go a step farther than this. Specifically, you should see what departments might exist that can actually help you.
In the US at least - and I'm sure many other institutions around the world - there are departments specializing in intellectual property, "knowledge transfer", corporate spin-offs, start-ups, entrepreneurship, etc. These can be a rich source of support and networking, if they are available to you, even if you have intellectual property agreements that assign various rights to the University.
Universities want to earn money for these projects, as I'm sure you do as well, and 100% of $0 is $0. Universities often heavily facilitate the process of converting this work into money, and it is not abnormal for even a place that has heavily restricted intellectual rights assignments agreements to assign use rights and royalty agreements that have zero cost for the first $200,000+ US dollars in income. There are often even startup grants available, accelerators (even if they are not called that - places that provide space and equipment to help starting businesses), introductions to investors, showcases, and more. You won't know until you ask and look for them, as where they are located tends to vary heavily by institution.
For the exact nature of the agreements that apply to you, we can't say; I've seen everything from "the student owns their own work" to "anyone funded assigns all rights and ownership to the University", and I'm sure there are agreements everywhere in between. You are right to check them out in advance of a major decision, but this is so specific that you'll need to talk with multiple people are your specific institution to see what applies to you. You may also need to speak with an outside legal professional (lawyer experienced in this area, etc) to verify, but your local administrators are your best first point of contact to see how things work. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> A man realizes he loves a woman, but she's getting married to another man. He decides to write her a letter, what does it say? </s> <|assistant|> Dear [Name],
I just wanted to say that you are one of the nicest, funniest, and empathetic persons in the world. Most importantly, you are my best friend and I am truly grateful to have met you. Anyways Moon of My Life, if you have anything you want to talk about, say if you are unsure about the marriage or whatever, I'm always here. Eric is a good man and a very lucky one. One cannot easily seduce the mother of dragons. I guess what I'm trying to say is, you're like a sister to me and you can count on me for anything.
Also, what flowers did you want for the wedding again? I'm pretty sure my shop can get them to you cheap, haha just kidding, I don't want to wake the dragon, they will be free. Just give me a text or something telling me what you want. Come to think of it, why didn't I just text this to you? Oh well, I've already written so much, sorry you'll have to read this on a piece of paper rather than on your phone.
Sincerely,
Your Sun and Stars [Your Name]
P.S. Our annual cream of ice adventure is tomorrow! </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Who are you? </s> <|assistant|> I am an AI language model developed by Meta. I am here to try to answer your questions. Feel free to ask me anything, and I will do my best to assit you. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to find if a customer is logged in or not in Magento 2.
If the customer is logged in then how to get customer data from a session? </s> <|assistant|> It is possible via ```Magento\Framework\App\Http\Context``` or via ```Magento\Customer\Model\Session```. However, the result may be different:
* HTTP context is initialized earlier than the customer session (but it does not matter since both are initialized in action controllers)
* When the ```PageCache``` module is on (probably always on production), keep in mind that as soon as layout generation started, the customer session will be cleared by ```\Magento\PageCache\Model\Layout\DepersonalizePlugin::afterGenerateXml``` on all cacheable pages. It means that if you now check if the customer is logged in via the HTTP context, it will still say 'yes, but customer data will not be available in customer sessions anymore. So double-check is necessary before trying to access data in customer sessions. This can easily happen in the block, while is unlikely in action controller since you are not expected to generate layout manually there, it will be generated after-action controller returns an instance of ```ResultInterface```
To eliminate any risk of described inconsistencies when PageCache is on, consider using customer session if it is already initialized (true for action controllers). Else use the HTTP context. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> what's the difference between JavaScript objects, classes and functions? </s> <|assistant|> As you must already be aware by now there are no classes in JavaScript. Instead functions in JavaScript may be made to behave like constructors by preceding a function call with the ```new``` keyword. This is known as the constructor pattern.
In JavaScript everything is an object except for the primitive data types (boolean, number and string), and ```undefined```. On the other hand ```null``` is actually an object reference even though you may at first believe otherwise. This is the reason ```typeof null``` returns ```"object"```.
Functions in JavaScript are similar to functables in Lua (i.e. they are callable objects). Hence a function can be used in place of an object. Similarly arrays are also objects in JavaScript. On the other hand objects can be thought of as associative arrays.
The most important point however is that there are no classes in JavaScript because JavaScript is a prototypal object oriented language. This means that objects in JavaScript directly inherit from other objects. Hence we don't need classes. All we need is a way to create and extend objects.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> I am wondering how to generate uniformly distributed points on the surface of the 3-d unit sphere? Also after generating those points, what is the best way to visualize and check whether they are truly uniform on the surface $x^2+y^2+z^2=1$? </s> <|assistant|> A standard method is to generate three standard normals and construct a unit vector from them. That is, when $X_i \sim N(0,1)$ and $\lambda^2 = X_1^2 + X_2^2 + X_3^2$, then $(X_1/\lambda, X_2/\lambda, X_3/\lambda)$ is uniformly distributed on the sphere. This method works well for $d$-dimensional spheres, too.
In 3D you can use rejection sampling: draw $X_i$ from a uniform$[-1,1]$ distribution until the length of $(X_1, X_2, X_3)$ is less than or equal to 1, then--just as with the preceding method--normalize the vector to unit length. The expected number of trials per spherical point equals $2^3/(4 \pi / 3)$ = 1.91. In higher dimensions the expected number of trials gets so large this rapidly becomes impracticable.
There are many ways to check uniformity. A neat way, although somewhat computationally intensive, is with Ripley's K function. The expected number of points within (3D Euclidean) distance $\rho$ of any location on the sphere is proportional to the area of the sphere within distance $\rho$, which equals $\pi\rho^2$. By computing all interpoint distances you can compare the data to this ideal.
General principles of constructing statistical graphics suggest a good way to make the comparison is to plot variance-stabilized residuals $e_i(d_{[i]} - e_i)$ against $i = 1, 2, \ldots, n(n-1)/2=m$ where $d_{[i]}$ is the $i^\text{th}$ smallest of the mutual distances and $e_i = 2\sqrt{i/m}$. The plot should be close to zero. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to cope with being unloved by your parents? </s> <|assistant|> Parents are supposed to love, guide and protect their children. They are supposed to help them grow and develop as independent people. Unfortunately, some parents mistreat, abuse, neglect, or abandon their children instead. Feeling like your parents don't love you hurts emotionally and sometimes physically. The best way to get past it is to accept that you cannot change other people and focus on yourself.
## Develop cop mechanisms
1. Talk to a trustworthy friend or family member. Sometimes just talking to someone about what you are dealing with can make you feel better. Try talking to a trustworthy friend or family member about what has been happening in your home life. For example, you could try talking with a close friend about the way that your parents make you feel. Choose someone you feel comfortable talking to and who you know will not turn around and repeat what you said to your parents. Try to avoid becoming too dependent on this person for your emotional needs. Just talk when you need someone to listen to you. If you find yourself calling several times a day for reassurance, then you may be developing a codependent relationship with this person. Talk to your school counselor or therapist if you find yourself depending more and more on other people for validation.
2. Find a mentor. Mentors can guide you through important life decisions and teach you things that your parents are not willing or able to teach you. You can find a mentor to help you learn new skills for navigating difficult situations, succeeding in school, or advancing your professional career. Try asking a trustworthy, responsible adult in your life to mentor you, such as a coach, a teacher, or a boss. If your coach or boss offers to mentor you, make sure that you take him or her up on that offer; however, you can also try asking someone to mentor you, such as by saying, “I admire your success in life and I hope to achieve many of the same things you have someday. I am not sure how to get there. Would you be willing to mentor me?”
* Try to avoid becoming too dependent on your mentor. Keep in mind that a mentor cannot replace your parents you should not look to this person for parental guidance. A mentor is just someone who can help you reach your goals in school, work, or in another specific area of your life.
3. Seek help from a therapist or school counselor. Learning to cope with your parents’ behavior can be difficult, so you may need to seek help from a therapist or school counselor. A therapist or your school counselor can help you to develop coping mechanisms and begin to feel better about yourself. If your school has a counselor, stop by and see if you can make an appointment to talk. If you feel uncomfortable doing this or you're not sure how to go about it, talk to a teacher you trust. You may also try asking your counselor if you can see a therapist by saying something like, “I have been struggling with some things lately, and I would like to see a therapist to talk about them. Can you help me find one?”
* Keep in mind that if your parents are abusing you, then your therapist or school counselor will be required to report it.
4. Resist comparing how they treat you and your siblings. If your parents seem to favor a sibling over you, it doesn’t mean they love one of you any more or less. There could be a situational reason why they treat your sibling with more thoughtfulness or effort. Most of the time it is also unintentional, and your parents may not even realize they are treating you differently. Most aren’t trying to make you feel unloved but aren’t aware of how their actions affect kids mentally and emotionally. Try not to focus on how your parents treat your siblings. Instead, just focus on your relationship with them
5. Try not to take it personally. It can be hard to dismiss criticism and hurtful language from people who are supposed to love you, even if you know that what they are saying isn’t true. Remember that your parents’ behavior and words is about them and not about you. The next time one of your parents says something mean or does something to hurt you, try telling yourself, “I am a good person who is lovable, beautiful and worthy. My parents are just struggling with personal issues and that is why they said/did that.”
6. Be kind to yourself. Some children who are mistreated by their parents treat themselves badly as well, such as by cutting, using alcohol or drugs, or intentionally failing at school. Performing these unhealthy, harmful activities will not make you feel better in the long run. Instead of doing these things, make sure that you nurture yourself, such as by:
*
* Maintaining a healthy diet. Exercising moderately most days of the week. Starting a daily meditation practice. Not smoking and not using drugs or alcohol.
7. Replace negative self-talk with self-love. People who grow up in unloving households may be more prone to negative self-talk and have low self-esteem. To train your mind to think positive things about yourself, replace the negative thoughts with positive ones. For example, if you hear yourself repeating something your parents said like “You’re stupid if you can’t figure out division problems,” you might replace it with: “Learning long division is challenging, but I can succeed by working hard at it. I can also ask my math teacher for help."
8. Write yourself a positivity cheat sheet. It may help you to examine any negative thoughts that are interfering with your ability to love yourself and write some positive thoughts to replace them. To get started, make a chart with four columns. In the first column, make a list of your negative beliefs. These might include things like, “I am not good at making decisions,” or, “I am not very smart.”
* In the second, explain why you believe these things. Did your parents tell you these things or do things to cause you to feel this way? In the third column, think about what believing this is costing you emotionally and in your personal life: are you depressed, withdrawn, afraid to try new things and fail, afraid to trust others or let people in, etc.? List briefly but specifically what you are missing out on by letting yourself continue believing this negative self-image. Then for the final column, rewrite the thought to make it positive. For example, you might change a thought about your intelligence to something like, “I am an intelligent, capable person and I have accomplished many things using my brain.”
9. Get out of the house more. Developing a happy, full life outside of your home will help you to feel happier even if your home life is not happy. Finding valuable ways that you can contribute to the world while being an active part of your community can help you rebuild your self-worth and confidence by focusing your attention on your well-being and happiness. Try volunteering for a local non-profit organization, getting a job that you will enjoy, or joining a youth organization or sports team.
## Stay healthy and safe
1. Report any physical or sexual abuse. If you are being abused, then seek help right away. Talk to a teacher, your doctor, a counselor, or call the police or children’s services and ask for help. Chronic abuse gets harder to recover from the longer it goes on. Don’t allow abusive people, even family, to cause you permanent physical or emotional damage. Get away from them as soon as possible. Call the National Domestic Violence Hotline at (800) 799-SAFE to talk about your situation and options. Don't hesitate to dial 911 if you think you or another family member is in immediate danger. You aren’t going to get in trouble for reporting that someone else is breaking the law!
2. Sever your relationship, if possible. If you are able to break ties with your abusive parent, do so. It is hard to give up on anyone you care about, especially family, but your primary responsibility is to take care of yourself. Don’t feel guilty for severing contact with your parent(s) if you feel it’s the best thing for you. If you are not sure cutting off all contact is necessary, consider the amount of pain they cause you vs. the amount of happiness. Dysfunctional parents may show love sometimes, typically when it serves their own interests, but a little love now and then isn’t enough to justify staying in a bad relationship with anyone.
3. Resist the urge to isolate yourself from peers and other adults. You might think avoiding relationships altogether will prevent you from getting hurt any more or by anyone else, but human beings need social relationships to thrive. Children who grow up without a loving parent or an alternative parental figure are less successful, less happy, and physically sicker as adults. Keep talking to your friends and other family members regularly, go spend time with them whenever possible, and be open to meeting new friends and trustworthy adults. Not every adult or loved one will end up treating you like your parent does. Don’t be afraid to give others a chance to love you. Long-term loneliness can have serious health effects, worsening or even maybe causing diseases like diabetes, heart disease, and neurological disorders. It may even cause cancer to spread faster.
4. Learn how to be independent. If your dysfunctional parents aren’t teaching you how to make it on your own after high school, ask another adult you trust how to prepare for the "real world." Learn this like how to create a budget, how to do laundry, how to turn on the water heater in your first apartment. Estimate the costs of independent living and what you will need to get started. Get a job and save up money for a security deposit on your first apartment and some furniture. Maintain good grades despite trouble at home so you have the option of going to college. Ask your school counselor to help you find scholarships to pay for it.
## Recognize toxic parent
1. Consider how your parents respond to your accomplishments. One sign of a toxic parent-child relationship is if your parents do not acknowledge your accomplishments in appropriate ways. This could mean that your parents either refuse to acknowledge when you accomplish something, or that your parents dismiss your accomplishments. Some parents may even ridicule your accomplishments. For example, if you get a good grade on a test, your parents should congratulate you for this accomplishment. If your parents are toxic, then they might ignore what you said, change the subject, make fun of you for being a nerd, or say something like, “So what? It’s just a test.”
2. Think about any controlling behaviors that your parents use. It is normal for parents to want to guide you, but parents who try to control your behavior may be toxic. This may range from small decisions like what to wear to school to larger decisions like where to go to college or what to major in. If you think that your parents exert a high amount of control over your decisions, then they may be toxic. For example, a parent who encourages you to make your own decisions might ask you questions about where you want to go to college and why; however, a parent who is exerting control over your decisions might tell you where you are going to attend college.
3. Note a lack of emotional connection. Parents who have healthy relationships with their children show their emotional bond by making eye contact with their children, smiling at them, and offering affection in the form of hugs. If your parents have toxic behaviors, then they might not do any of these things. For example, a parent who shows appropriate emotional connection with his child might comfort her if she is crying; however, a parent who lacks an emotional connection with his child might ignore the child or yell at her to stop crying.
4. Consider the boundaries between you and your parents. Healthy boundaries are important in parent-child relationships. If you have good boundaries with your parent, then you should not feel like your lives are one and the same. For example, a parent who has healthy boundaries with her child might ask how her child's friends are doing, but would not insist on hanging out with her child and his friends.
5. Reflect on any verbal abuse you have suffered. Verbal abuse is another form of toxic parenting. If your mother or father call you names, put you down, or just say things to hurt your feelings, then these are all forms of verbal abuse. For example, your parents should say things to build you up and make you feel good about yourself; however, you would feel bad if your parent said something like, “You’re worthless!” or, “I can’t stand to be in the same room with you!”
* Some parents will be kind and reassuring one day and then mean and critical the next day. But keep in mind that this is still verbal abuse, even if your parents are not always cruel to you.
6. Identify narcissistic behaviors. Parents who are too focused on themselves to notice their children or to treat them properly can also be toxic. If your parents ignore you completely or only acknowledge you when you are doing something that they can brag about to friends, then this is an example of narcissistic parenting and it is toxic. For example, your parents should encourage you in your interests. A narcissistic parent, however, might only pay attention to you if your interests give him something to brag about, such as by telling all of his friends that you won a scholarship, even though he never asks about your studies or encourages you. Some narcissistic parents may have a personality disorder (PD). A person with PD displays self-centeredness, refusal to accept personal responsibility, constant self-justification, a strong sense of entitlement, and shallow emotions. A parent with PD might treat children like a burden or roadblock to her own personal goals. She will typically rely on emotional manipulation to control her kids. People with PD are often hypercritical of their children and can be physically abusive or prone to endangering their child’s welfare.
7. Think about any parenting roles you played. Some parents are too immature or have other problems (such as addiction) that make it hard for them to be effective parents, so a child ends up taking on some parenting duties. Consider whether you had to take on any parenting roles because your parent was not able or willing to care for you and/or your siblings. These may include things like cooking, cleaning, and caring for other children. Sometimes parents assign cooking and cleaning chores to teach children responsibility, but toxic parents may heap many responsibilities on one child to avoid having to do these things themselves. For example, a toxic parent who does not want to cook or clean may shirk these responsibilities and force one of his children to do all of the cooking and cleaning instead.
8. Judge their behavior over what they say. Some children feel unloved even though their parents say that they love them regularly, because they don’t see this love reflected in how they are treated. Make sure you aren’t assuming you know how your parents feel about you without good reason. For example, a parent who regularly says “I love you,” but who often ignores her children is not behaving in a way that shows love. Likewise, a parent who says that she wants her children to be independent, but never allows them to make any decisions is not behaving in a way that demonstrates what she says she wants.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> write a letter to that person who you wished had got back in touch (at least 3 year gap) (Lost contact due to any kind of change e.g quit social media/moved away/ etc </s> <|assistant|> Dear [Name],
It's been a while since we last talked or even saw each other. I understand why. I know it was me, and my issues, that drove us apart. I wish I could take back the things I said, because you always deserved the best of me, even if you never got it.
I have been making progress in your absence.
I got back into school, and where before I was an abysmal student, now I am a semester away from graduating cum laude on my way towards grad school.
I've learned to keep things in perspective in terms of importance, and I've gotten better at dealing with stress.
I still think of you when I don't have enough to distract me. That may be how I've managed to focus so well in school - I have to in order to not miss you so much.
On occasions when I've had a particular success in life, I wonder what you'd say if I could tell you. Would you be proud of me? I don't know. But I like to think you would be.
I told myself I wouldn't pursue you after you left. I have no right to do so. I have had to accept that you will forever be the girl of my dreams, and the one that got away. But I still hold to hope.
You will always be the one who brought out the best of me. Even if it broke my heart to do it.
Always yours,
[Your Name] </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to be cool in college? </s> <|assistant|> Congratulations, you’re in college! If you feel anxious at all about college life, know that you are not alone. To gain instant respect from your fellow classmates and friends, remember to always be yourself. Being friendly and acting confidently are also ways you can earn some cool points among your friends and classmates.
## Reinvent yourself in college
1. List the things you want to change about yourself. Grab a sheet of paper and draw a line down the middle. List the things that you would like to change about yourself in the left column. In the right column write down why you would like to change these things. If after asking why you see that making these changes leads to a better you, then change it. For example, wanting to be less critical of others, or more focused in class are positive changes.
2. Try something new. College is all about exploring new things and ideas, so be adventurous. When you get the invite to go eat at an exotic restaurant, take it. Studying abroad for one year is another great way to expand your horizons. Try changing your hair color, or style your hair differently. You could also learn a new language, or take a class outside of your major.
3. Remember to be yourself. It is possible to re-invent yourself without changing your true self. Don't throw out your morals and values just to be considered cool. If the change takes too much effort or requires you to be someone else, then it probably isn't a good change. Stick to changes that produce positive results. If you want to be more outgoing, then be more outgoing on your own terms. Don't start drinking or smoking just to be more outgoing, for example.
## Boost your confidence
1. Make a list of your strengths. Also make a list of the things that you like about yourself. Tape the list to your bedroom wall or bathroom mirror. Every morning, read the list to remind yourself of how great you are.
2. Reverse negative thoughts. If you find yourself thinking that you aren't good enough for college or that no one will want to be friends with you, then reverse these thoughts. Instead, tell yourself, "I am good enough for college," or "Many people would love to be friends with me because I am a great friend."
3. Do the things that make you feel confident. If wearing makeup helps you feel more confident, then wear makeup. If smiling and greeting your classmates makes you feel more confident, then greet them. If joining a club or volunteering helps you feel more confident, then join a club or volunteer. By doing the things that help you feel more confident, you will be more confident.
4. Realize that you are not alone. New people and places can make you feel alone and unsure at times. However, understand that you aren't the only one who feels this way. Try to reach out and befriend other classmates, or call your high school friends if you need someone to talk to. If you cannot seem to shake your loneliness, make an appointment with a counselor on campus. A counselor can help you work through hard times.
## Be social
1. Portray a friendly attitude. Smile and say hi to your classmates sitting next you. Strike up a conversation by asking them what their major is or what they think about the class. Offering help, like showing someone where the admissions office is, is also a great way to become known as a friendly, down-to-earth person in college. You could also offer to trade notes with someone, or help someone study for a big test.
2. Be accepting those who are different from you. A typical college has at least 20,000 students, (smaller colleges and community colleges might have anywhere from 2,000-10,000 students) so you are bound to run into someone whose background is completely different from yours. Instead of shying away from them, be curious about who they are. Invite them to lunch or a party to get to know them better.
3. Attend a football game (or any other sporting event). Tailgating with friends and attending a football game (or any other sporting event) afterward is a college pastime you won’t want to pass up. Go to as many of these as you can, especially if you enjoy them. It is a great way to connect with new people and cultivate friendships. Ask a classmate if they would like to go to a game, or make plans with your roommate to attend a game.
4. Join a club on campus. If football games or Greek life isn’t your thing, try looking into different clubs on campus. Like sororities and fraternities, they typically host events in the beginning of the year to recruit new members. Attend some of these and join your favorite ones. There are so many clubs in college, the hardest part will be picking one. You can also start a club as well.
5. Host a party. Hosting a party will definitely shoot you up to the top of the cool list. Have a potluck, plan an outdoor party at a nearby park, or reserve a party room at your college’s game center. Invite your friends, roommates, and acquaintances from class. You could also have a small party in your dorm room, if it is allowed. To ensure your party’s success, make sure to provide some snacks and beverages, cool tunes, and games.
## Dress for college
1. Put yourself together before class. Before going to class, make sure to brush your teeth and comb your hair. Also shower if you need to. By taking the time to groom yourself before class, you can give your classmates and professors a good impression of yourself.
2. Choose sneakers over heels. Going from class to class requires a lot of walking. By wearing sneakers, you can ensure that your feet will be as comfortable as possible. . Some classes will require you to wear certain footwear for practical or safety reasons, especially if you are in some hands-on classes or a PE class. Your instructor/professor will inform you in the syllabus.
3. Carry a jacket with you. Unlike high school, colleges usually don't have locker areas so you will be wearing or carrying a jacket during the winter season in colder climates. Classroom temperatures typically run very cold to sometimes very hot. Since it is hard to concentrate in class if you are cold, make sure to bring a jacket or a sweater with you. This way you can ensure that you will be comfortable and attentive in class.. People will be paying more attention to your outerwear as part of your look in college than in high school; so, make sure the outerwear you choose matches your preferred look.
4. Dress with style. Arrive to class in an outfit that makes you feel comfortable, but also one that sends a message of sophistication and style. If casual athletic gear is your style, then wear that. If a cute dress or skirt makes you feel confident, then wear it.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> With PHP 7.2, ```each``` is deprecated. The documentation says:
Warning This function has been DEPRECATED as of PHP 7.2.0. Relying on this function is highly discouraged.
How can I update my code to avoid using it? Here are some examples:
*
```$ar = $o->me;
reset($ar);
list($typ, $val) = each($ar);
```
*
```$out = array('me' => array(), 'mytype' => 2, '_php_class' => null);
$expected = each($out);
```
*
```for(reset($broken);$kv = each($broken);) {...}
```
*
```list(, $this->result) = each($this->cache_data);
```
*
```// iterating to the end of an array or a limit > the length of the array
$i = 0;
reset($array);
while( (list($id, $item) = each($array)) || $i < 30 ) {
// code
$i++;
}
```
When I execute the code on PHP 7.2 I receive the following error:
Deprecated: The each() function is deprecated. This message will be suppressed on further calls </s> <|assistant|>
* For your first two example cases, you could use ```key()``` and ```current()``` to assign the values you need.
```$ar = $o->me; // reset isn't necessary, since you just created the array
$typ = key($ar);
$val = current($ar);
```
*
```$out = array('me' => array(), 'mytype' => 2, '_php_class' => null);
$expected = [key($out), current($out)];
```
In those cases, you can use ```next()``` to advance the cursor afterward, but it may not be necessary if the rest of your code doesn't depend on that.
* For the third case, I'd suggest just using a ```foreach()``` loop instead and assigning ```$kv``` inside the loop.
```foreach ($broken as $k => $v) {
$kv = [$k, $v];
}
```
* For the fourth case, it looks like the key is disregarded in ```list()```, so you can assign the current value.
```$this->result = current($this->cache_data);
```
Like the first two cases, it may be necessary to advance the cursor with ```next()``` depending on how the rest of your code interacts with ```$this->cache_data```.
* Fifth can be replaced with a ```for()``` loop.
```reset($array);
for ($i = 0; $i < 30; $i++) {
$id = key($array);
$item = current($array);
// code
next($array);
}
```
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Why are people unwilling to share information about their salary? </s> <|assistant|> People are unwilling to talk openly about their salaries because there is a social taboo surrounding the practice.
Like all taboos, there isn't necessarily a good rationale behind its existence. And the taboo can, in fact, be detrimental, as it is here.
Around the time of the industrial revolution, you were not allowed to talk about your wages. You could be fired if you did. Employers did this because discussing what you make is an obvious and required step towards collective bargaining.
If you discuss your wages, someone will find out they make less money than they should. If they make less money than they should, they will want more money. The people making money from underpaying people don't want to pay more. Your ignorance is a very useful tool in depressing your wages or the wages of others -- especially minorities or women -- around you.
So people learned from the early industrialists of old that they would be fired if it was found out they talked money. Those people told others of what had happened to them, that they had been fired for talking money. It snowballed from there. They spread that lesson on to others. So now, even though discussing your salary is a legally protected right, people are hesitant to exercise that right.
Not discussing salary is an abusive practice. It developed as a historical artefact from the abuse of the rich and powerful in the beginning of the industrial revolution that has wormed its way deep into society and is still pushed by the same abusers today. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> What if we found live dinosaurs living on a remote island? </s> <|assistant|> The discovery of live dinosours would be a major scientific breakthrough and would have a number of implications for science, history and society.
First, scientists would go nuts. The discovery of any new species is big news, but the discovery of a population of new species that are dinosaurs would be the biggest scientific discovery of all time. Paleontologists would fight tooth and claw to be the first to study them. The island would be immediately declared a nature preserve and probably a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The country that owns the island (if it's a country that has a good relationship with the scientific community) would be overjoyed at all the scientific attention and would do everything they could to help the scientists study the dinosaurs.
Second, the public would also go nuts. It would get a lot of media coverage. There would be huge demand for tours to the island, as much to see the dinosaurs as to see the amazing new species of plants and other animals that would almost certainly be found there as well. The country that owns the island would be overjoyed at all the income from tourists and would do everything they could to set up tours, as long as the scientists didn't object too strongly.
Third, there'd be a lot of debates about whether to clone them, whether it was ethical to bring them back to civilization and what impacts they would have on the ecosystem and society.
Overall, the discovery of live dinosours is a momentous event and it needs lots of discussions and careful actions to figure out what is the best way to manage the dinosours. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> I was wondering about why we call TV and computer displays "screens", and couldn't find any clear etymology for the term's use for displays.
My guess has to do with the hardware used in early displays. Perhaps the fields of tiny red, green, and blue cells looked like the screens used on windows and such, and the term stuck even as the hardware changed </s> <|assistant|> The idea of a screen as an upright device, ornamental or protective against e.g. wind, fire, etc., goes back to the 14th century and earlier. And the sense of a screen as something for the projection of images derives from the fact that it was originally often a screen which was used for displaying objects for exhibition, pictures, photographs etc.
The Oxford English Dictionary describes this meaning of screen in this way:
> (b) Of images; e.g. a flat vertical surface prepared for the reception of images from a magic lantern or the like; spec. (i) a usually large white surface for receiving the image from a film projector; (ii) a small fluorescent screen, esp. one in a television set or a computer monitor; hence, the monitor itself; (iii) transf. (usually with def. article), moving pictures collectively; the cinema; the film world.
The earliest reference they have to a screen as something for the projection of images dates from 1810:
> 1810 New Family Receipt-bk. 257: To make Transparent Screens for the Exhibition of the Phantasmagoria.
Apparently, people realise phantasmagoria was a form of image by magic lantern. So there we have it. This was the origin of TV screens. </s> <|prompter|> Phantasmagoria performances included direct projection and rear (shadow) projection. What is still interesting to speculate is whether the choice of the word 'screen' in this case is because the image was projected onto something resembling a physical object already known as a 'screen' (the upright device etc, or because 'the screen' in the example of the phantasmagoria performance performed the function of screening (that is to say concealing) the mechanics of the creation of the performance that occurred 'behind the screen'. Either meaning, or each reinforcing the other? </s> <|assistant|> That is a very interesting thought - but the Oxford English Dictionary clearly sees it as the former - listed under (a):
> (a) of objects; e.g. for exhibition; a frame for photographs resembling a folding screen. 1888 Lady 25 Oct. 374/3 Some of the most delightful panel screens for photographs I ever set eyes on.
Though the Phantasmagoria reference, appearing under (b) predates by several decades those examples. Wikipedia has an interesting article on 18th century phantasmagoria - mentioning one exponent who did his work from *behind* whereas others did it in front of the screen. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to choose bridal lingerie? </s> <|assistant|> Choosing bridal lingerie is one of the many exciting things you get to do as bride-to-be, and it’s something so personal that only you can do it. For lingerie that you’re planning to wear under your dress on your big day, you’ll need to choose a style that works well under your specific dress. If you’re planning to get other lingerie to change into after the wedding, you have unlimited options with which you can surprise your fiancé!
## Find lingerie for your dress
1. Go with a slip and shapewear if you have a sheath dress. Light flowing fabrics make beautiful wedding gowns but may require a little extra support underneath to avoid showing unwanted bulges or panty lines. Find shapewear that hides any problem areas, and a slip made from similar fabric as your gown in case your gown slips. To reduce the layers you need to wear, try a shaping slip in the same color as your dress.
2. Choose high-waisted shaping lingerie for a mermaid dress. Mermaid dresses show off all your natural curves by hugging your body, so consider lingerie that draws in your waist and doesn’t show panty lines. A high-waisted thong is a good option, on its own or coupled with a bustier.
3. Find a bustier or corset for your ballgown. Many ballgown style dresses already have a structured corset or bustier in them, but if yours doesn’t, find one that matches the color of your dress. Choose a bustier bra that’s seamless and strapless to support and lift your bust while slimming your torso. Panties for your ballgown can be any style you choose, since a ballgown is loose in the skirt area and you won’t be able to see panty lines.
4. Choose any lingerie for A-line dresses. A-line, or princess-style dresses, are fitted at the top and flow out below the bustline. If this is the type of dress you have, you can choose any lingerie based on your comfort or preference instead of shaping or support. Keep in mind the shape of the top of your dress when choosing a bra; if the dress has a deep neckline or is strapless, you’ll want to find a strapless bra or skip a bra altogether.
5. Find a backless bra with adhesive sides for a backless dress. If you have a halter or other type of backless dress, you may want support or coverage from your lingerie. Choose an adhesive bra that matches the color of your dress to get the support you need. Adhesive bras also work great for strapless dresses if you can’t find a strapless bra that you like.
6. Match the lingerie color to your dress. Try bringing a swatch of the fabric that your gown is made from with you when you shop for lingerie. Some bridal gown retailers offer a swatch so you can match accessories with your gown. If you don’t have a sample of the fabric, try ordering more than one shade of lingerie and keep the one that best matches your gown. Matching your lingerie with your dress instead of your skin tone is helpful in case your gown slips a bit. Your lingerie won’t be as obvious if the shade matches your dress.
## Choose wed night lingerie
1. Wear whatever you’ll feel sexy in. There are certain myths surrounding wedding night lingerie that it has to look a certain way, but only you and your fiancé know what you like. This means if you don’t want to wear white, don’t! You can wear anything from boyfriend-style pajamas to French maid costumes, so don’t be afraid to choose something unique to you.
2. Choose flowery white lace for the classic feminine look. If you want to go a traditional route, find a comfortable white or cream bra and panty set made from sheer flowery lace. Or go with a short white lacy gown. Some lingerie combines lace and faux-fur for an extra feminine touch.
3. Try an artsy corset with suspenders, stockings, and heels for a bolder approach. If bold is more your style, think straps! Look for a detailed, beaded or embroidered corset with suspenders, fishnet or lace thigh-highs, and a pair of matching heels. Choose any color theme you like for this lingerie based on your preference. Some corsets have a connected underwear component with suspenders; others don’t, in which case, you can find a matching thong to complete your outfit.
4. Choose a lacy jumpsuit or teddie if you like one-pieces. Find a lacy halter mini-shorts jumpsuit to combine sporty and feminine looks. Or go bold and feminine with a sheer or strappy teddie in any color that you like. To stay on the more traditional side, choose white or cream for your one-piece lingerie. Or choose a pastel pink or blue for a romantic, feminine effect. Black or red also work well with these pieces if you want a bolder look.
5. Get a sheer dressing gown for some added luxury. Regardless of what style lingerie you get, consider a sheer dressing gown to drape over it, as an extra piece to remove on your wedding night, for lounging around in the morning, or both.
6. Consider a separate registry just for lingerie if you’re having trouble deciding. If you like too many pieces to choose, let a few close friends and your fiancé choose for you! Create a registry online with a lingerie store, add some of your favorite pieces, and give your bridesmaids and fiancé the link before your bridal shower. This gives the people who know you best a chance to help you decide. You may end up with more than one item, but that’s okay. Choose one for your wedding night and save the rest for your honeymoon!
## Consider your body type
1. Choose strappy lingerie on a muscular frame. You can probably pull off some pretty daring looks if you’re in good shape. Choose lingerie with lots of straps, bold colors, or a cinched waistline to show it off.
2. Try a plunging neckline and briefs if you’re pear-shaped. Pear-shaped women are smaller up top with wider hips, butt, and thighs. Show off this type of figure with pieces that go low at the neckline and brief-style underwear. Or experiment with colors by wearing bold, bright patterns up top.
3. Go with v-cut panties and a full coverage bra or corset if you’re apple-shaped. Apple-shaped ladies carry more weight in the top half of their bodies and have slender legs. Show off this type of body by providing full bust coverage and concealing your stomach area, if you want to. Think lots of lace up top and brightly colored panties.
4. Try a garter belt or any waist-cincher for an hourglass figure. Hourglass figures have a proportioned build with bust and thigh measurements that are about equal, and are slimmer at the waist. Show off your waistline with a flattering belt or any accessory that draws attention to it.
5. Go wireless for a small bust. If you don’t need an underwire bra on your wedding day, don’t bother with one. Try a feminine lacy bralette or a racerback style bra if you have a small chest. You can likely find some cute halter one-pieces as well.
6. Choose high-waisted bottoms for a long torso. If you have a long torso and shorter legs, you can choose from the variety of high-waisted styles that are so popular. Try a lacy crop top set with high-waisted bottoms to draw more attention to your shoulders and legs.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to stretch your quads (quadriceps)? </s> <|assistant|> The quadriceps are a group of four muscles that run down your thighs. Virtually every athletic activity or exercise engages your quads, so it's important for them to be flexible and strong. To maintain healthy quads, stretch them before and after exercise. You can also use yoga to increase the flexibility in your quads, which can make them less prone to injury.
## Warm up your quads
1. Walk or bike for 10 to 15 minutes. A gentle cardio exercise such as walking or biking will get the blood flowing to your quads and make stretching more comfortable. Stretching cold muscles could result in injury. If you're planning on exercising outside in cooler weather, add 5 to 10 minutes to your warm-up time before you start stretching.
2. Do standing quad stretches before a long run. From a standing position with your knees together, lift one foot and grasp it with your hand. Gently press your foot towards your glutes until you feel a stretch along the front of your thigh. Hold for 10 to 20 seconds, then repeat with the other foot. This stretch can be done both before and after a long run or other physical activity, as part of your warm-up or cool-down. You can also do this stretch while lying on one side. Brace your core to keep your spine in alignment and help stabilize your pelvis.
3. Add kneeling stretches to target quads and hip flexors. Kneel on the floor on one knee. You may want to rest your knee on a folded towel or mat. Lean forward slightly, with your other foot flat on the floor and your knees at right angles. Lean forward, contracting your core and the glute of the kneeling leg. As you exhale, shift your body forward to stretch your quad and other hip flexor muscles. You can rest your hands on your front thigh for balance and stability. Hold the stretch for a 15-40 seconds, then switch and repeat the stretch with the other leg. Keep your spine neutral and your upper body posture straight. You also want to avoid arching, rounding, or flattening your lower back or pulling back against the lean.
4. Use lunges for dynamic stretching. Stand with your feet a little wider than shoulder-width apart and step one foot forward. Lower your body by bending at the knees until the back knee is nearly at the floor. Your front knee should be in line with your ankle so that your shin is perpendicular to the floor. Raise up and repeat with the other side. You can do a series of lunges where you gradually move forward, or you can stay in the same place. Start with 2 sets of 10 repetitions on each leg. If you have trouble balancing and feel wobbly, place your hands on your hips or extend them out to form a T-shape.
## Stretch tight or injure quads
1. Use active range of motion exercises to maintain knee mobility. To complete this stretch, bend and straighten your knee through its full range of motion, or as far as you can go without discomfort. You can do this stretch while standing, sitting, or lying down. Choose the position that provides you the most stability and allows you to move your knee the most. This stretch is best soon after an injury, when your movement may be at its most limited. Try to complete 10 repetitions with each leg, but don't overdo it. Stop if you feel pain.
2. Find a partner for passive quad stretches. Either standing, sitting, or reclining, have your partner grasp your ankle or foot. Your partner will slowly bend and straighten your knee through its full range of motion. When your knee is fully bent, have them hold the stretch for a few seconds before slowly moving your foot back down. Passive quad stretches are a good way to stretch your quads if you don't have the control needed to do standing quad stretches on your own. If you're able to move on your own, passive quad stretches may be of little benefit to you. Communication is key with passive stretching. Don't let your partner push your leg to the point that you feel pain in the muscle. This could lead to additional tearing or re-injury.
3. Relieve tightness with the couch stretch. Kneel with one knee on the ground in front of a couch. Brace the foot of your kneeling leg on the side of the couch. Your other leg should be straight out in front of you with your knee at a right angle and your shin perpendicular to the ground. Push your hips backward as you press your raised heel towards your glute. You can place your hands on your front knee for balance. Hold the stretch for a few seconds or breath cycles, then release and repeat the stretch with the other leg. In addition to a couch, you can also use a wall or low bench to lean your foot against.
4. Increase stability and control with supine squats. You will need a stability ball for this exercise. Sit on the ball, then walk your feet forward as you gradually lean back at the same time. When you are lying face up, roll forward and allow your knees to move over your toes until your knees are fully flexed. Then contract your quads and roll back until your knees are at 90-degree angles. Try to do 10 repetitions of this exercise. Only go as far as you can without pain or discomfort.
## Improve quad flexibility
1. Lengthen your quads with the crescent lunge. From a standing position, step one foot forward and fold over so that your hands are on either side of your foot. Your front knee should be at a right angle with your shin perpendicular to the floor. Raise up on an inhale, sweeping your arms out to the side and overhead. Lower your hips and press downward into the lunge, stretching and lengthening your quads. Breathe deeply and hold the lunge for 30 seconds to a minute. To get out of the pose, lower your hands over your front leg and then walk or jump your front leg back to meet the other leg. You can raise your hips into downward facing dog if you like, then walk or jump the other leg to the front and repeat the lunge on the other side.
2. Lower into hero pose. Kneel on the floor, touching your inner knees together. Your feet should be slightly wider than your hips with the tops of your feet on the floor. Exhale and lower your hips onto the floor between your feet until your buttocks are resting comfortably on the floor. Lean forward slightly as you lower, wedging your thumbs into the backs of your knees. Breathe deeply, feeling the stretch in your quads, for 30 seconds to a minute. Open your shoulders and drop your shoulder blades down alongside your spine. If you can't sit comfortably on the floor in this position, place a block to sit on, or roll up a blanket or towel.
3. Stretch your thighs and core with bow pose. Lie face-down on your mat with your arms by your sides, palms up. On an exhale, bend your knees and raise your feet towards your buttocks. Reach back and grab either your ankles or the tops of your feet and pull them forward. As you inhale, lift your feet towards the ceiling as you raise your thighs off the floor. Breathing can be difficult in this position, but gaze forward and focus on breathing as deeply as you can. Hold the pose for 20 to 30 seconds, then slowly release to lay back down. You can use a folded blanket to pad your ribs and hips to make the pose more comfortable.
4. Open your hip flexors with pigeon pose. Start on all fours with your knees below your hips and wrists below your shoulders. Slide your right knee forward to the back of your right wrist as you pull your foot around to the left side. The side of your right shin should be lying on the mat perpendicular to your torso. Then slide your left leg back until it is flat on the floor. Exhale and raise up so you are in a sitting position with your right leg crossed in front of you and your left leg extending backwards. Hold the pose for 30 seconds to a minute, breathing deeply. Then return to all fours and repeat with your left leg in front and your right leg extended behind you. There are many variations to this pose. For example, try folding over your front leg and resting your chest and forehead on the mat for a more intense hip opener. For a really deep quad stretch, raise your back foot towards your buttocks. Grab your back foot or ankle with your hand and press it towards your buttocks to further deepen the stretch.
5. Bend into camel pose. Kneel with your legs about hip-width apart. Inhale and draw your elbows towards each other behind your body, allowing your sternum to lift and your rib cage to expand. Press your hands into your heels, maintaining the lifting in your sternum and keeping your shoulders back. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds to a minute, breathing deeply. Avoid tightening your glutes. Camel pose helps lengthen and improve flexibility in your hip flexors and upper quads. If it is too much of a challenge for you to reach your heels, you might place a block between your feet or lean back over an exercise ball.
6. Extend your backbend with little thunderbolt pose. Once you're comfortable in camel pose, take it a step further by lowering your head until the crown of your head rests between your feet. Reach your arms forward to grasp your lower thighs. Hold the pose for 30 seconds to a minute, breathing deeply. To come out of the pose, engage the core and slowly roll yourself back up to a kneeling position. Keep your glutes soft to avoid excess pressure on your lower back. This pose opens up your hips and quads. The practice of lifting up with your chest as you lower your torso backwards is an intense workout for your thighs.
7. Rest in child's pose. Still in a kneeling position, spread your knees slightly and bring your big toes together. On an exhale, fold over your thighs, extending your arms out overhead and resting your forehead on the floor. Breathe deeply in this position for as long as you want. In addition to being a relaxing way to end your practice, child's pose also works as a good counter-pose after backbends.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> I've noticed that people on YouTube and even on TV would sometimes say things like "I used to take lots of coke a few years ago" or "I used to smoke weed daily until this and that" or "Yea, I smoke weed every once in a while," or "I used to pirate games a lot when I was a bit younger" or "I used pirated Windows and Photoshop until I got a job," etc., etc..
Basically they are confessing to a crime, on public record, couldn't anyone come after them? They've already confessed - technically all that would have to be done is a trial.
How do people publicly admit to criminal activity and not typically get arrested? </s> <|assistant|> Unless the Youtube Video shows them committing a crime, then no, they couldn't be arrested and tried for a crime. Them saying it, not under oath, is just hearsay that has no evidentiary value unless there is already other evidence they have committed a crime. In that case, its an admission. But there must be other, either circumstantial, or actual physical evidence of a crime.
Past intoxication is not a crime, either. Possession of drugs, if caught with them is. But saying you got high is not.
People have walked into police stations and confessed to murders. But with no evidence, no body, no name of a missing person, they can't even be held after the holding period for investigatory purposes expires.
If the video shows them committing assault, or breaking and entering (there actually are idiots who post this stuff), the video is actual evidence of a crime and it is often used against them. The statements can be used to begin an investigation, but people don't usually confess to anything worth pursuing even an investigation. The fact that someone says they used to do something criminal is not enough. For all you ( meaning anyone ) knows, the statute of limitations has expired because they "pirated games" 10 years ago. Your comment is right on. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Am I the asshole for not telling my girlfriend that my parents are gay? </s> <|assistant|> Whether or not you are an asshole depends on the dynamics of your relationship and the specific context. Here are some points you may consider when reflecting on the situation:
* Personal choice of disclosure. Whether or not to disclose your parents’ sexual orientation is your personal choice. You may have had valid reasons for not sharing this information with your girlfriend earlier, such as respecting your parents’ privacy and not finding a good time to bring this up.
* Your girlfriend’s expectation. Depending on the level of closeness in your relationship, your girlfriend may expect certain levels of openness and honesty. If you have been in a higher level of intimacy, she may expect you to share your personal information including your family status with her. She may feel deceived or hurt if she discovers that you withheld information about your parents’ sexual orientation.
* Your girlfriend’s attitude towards LGBTQ+. If your girlfriend is supportive of the LGBTQ+ group, she may feel uncomfortable with your non-disclosure of your parents’ sexual orientation, as she might feel her values were questioned and you failed to respect her values.
* Reflection on your motivation. Take a moment to reflect on your motivations of not disclosing your parents’ sexual orientations to your girlfriend. Did you hide from her intentionally? Or were you worried about your girlfriend’s reactions to your disclosure? Reflecting on your intentions will help you better understand how your actions may have affected your relationship.
To sum up, while it’s up to you to decide what information you want to share with your partner, understanding the dynamics of your relationship and reflecting on how the situation developed is important. It is normal for relationships to experience conflicts because it often serves as a learning curve for both parties. You can resolve conflicts by voicing your worries and thoughts, having open and honest communication with your girlfriend and being clear about what you want, etc. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Not sure if this is a Mozilla-specific JS syntax, but I often found variables being declared this way, for example, in add-on SDK docs:
```var { Hotkey } = require("sdk/hotkeys");
```
and in various chrome Javascript (```let``` statement is being used in place of ```var```),
```let { classes: Cc, interfaces: Ci, results: Cr, utils: Cu } = Components;
```
I found it very confusing but I am not being able to find any documentation about both syntax, even on MDN. </s> <|assistant|> They're both JavaScript 1.7 features. The first one is block-level variables:
```let``` allows you to declare variables, limiting its scope to the block, statement, or expression on which it is used. This is unlike the ```var``` keyword, which defines a variable globally, or locally to an entire function regardless of block scope.
The second one is called destructuring:
Destructuring assignment makes it possible to extract data from arrays or objects using a syntax that mirrors the construction of array and object literals.
...
One particularly useful thing you can do with destructuring assignment is to read an entire structure in a single statement, although there are a number of interesting things you can do with them, as shown in the section full of examples that follows.
For those familiar with Python, it's similar to this syntax:
```>>> a, (b, c) = (1, (2, 3))
>>> a, b, c
(1, 2, 3)
```
The first code chunk is shorthand for:
```var {Hotkey: Hotkey} = require("sdk/hotkeys");
// Or
var Hotkey = require("sdk/hotkeys").Hotkey;
```
You can rewrite the second code chunk as:
```let Cc = Components.classes;
let Ci = Components.interfaces;
let Cr = Components.results;
let Cu = Components.utils;
``` </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Quando devo fazer essa gravação direto no banco?
Quais as situações?
Eu sei que posso gravar no banco o caminho da imagem. </s> <|assistant|> Além do custo ser mais alto como mencionado, deve-se levar em conta vários fatores:
* Volume de dados: para um baixo volume de dados pode não haver problema. Por outro lado, para armazenamento de grande massa de dados o banco de dados é praticamente inviável. Pergunte ao Facebook ou ao Google se eles usariam banco. O Facebook, por exemplo, usa um sistema de arquivos personalizado para tornar o acesso mais rápido ainda e diminuir a o overhead por arquivo exigido pelos sistemas de arquivos tradicionais.
* Clusterização: uma vantagem do banco de dados é no caso do seu sistema rodar em vários servidores, todos terão acesso uniforme aos arquivos. Porém, usar uma unidade na rede para armazenar os arquivos.
* Disponibilidade: seu sistema vai ter muitos acessos? Isso pode sobrecarregar um banco de dados tradicional. Por outro lado, seu servidor HTTP pode usar as rotinas de acesso de baixo nível ao sistema de arquivos para enviar o stream de dados ao cliente.
* Escalabilidade: se a demanda de volume ou disponibilidade aumentarem, será possível adicionar mais capacidade ao sistema? É muito mais fácil dividir arquivos entre servidores diferentes do que distribuir registros de uma tabela em mais servidores.
* Flexibilidade: fazer cópias de segurança, mover arquivos de um servidor para outro, fazer algum processamento nos arquivos armazenados, tudo isso fica mais fácil se os arquivos estiverem num diretório. Se você faz o deploy em ambiente de cliente, os arquivos no disco não inviabilizam você de receber cópias do banco de dados para testes. Tente pedir para o seu cliente enviar terabytes de dados para você analisar se der algum problema no banco.
* Overhead de leitura e gravação: o custo computacional para gravar e ler dados do banco de dados é maior do que para ler e gravar diretamente em um arquivo.
Existem várias estratégias para escalar um sistema tanto em termos de disponibilidade quanto em volume. Basicamente essas estratégias consistem em distribui-los em vários vários servidores e redirecionar o usuário para cada um deles conforme algum critério. Os detalhes variam de implementação, tais como: estratégia de atualização dos dados, redundância, critérios de distribuição, etc.
Uma das grandes dificuldades em gerenciar arquivos fora do BD é que temos agora duas fontes de dados distintas e que precisam estar sempre em sincronia.
Do ponto de vista de segurança, efetivamente há pouca diferença. Se um hacker pode comprometer um servidor, ele poderá ler tanto os arquivos gravados em disco do seu sistema quanto os arquivos do sistema de banco de dados. Se essa questão for crítica, uma alternativa é armazenar os dados criptografados.
Porém, sempre que fiz a análise do melhor tipo de solução, o uso do sistema de arquivos sempre esteve em grande vantagem. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> How to cook corn? </s> <|assistant|> There are many different yet simple ways to cook corn. Corn on the cob can be boiled, microwaved, grilled, steamed, or baked, while loose kernel corn is usually boiled, steamed, or microwaved. Keep reading to learn more about your preferred cooking method.
## Boiling corn on the cob[1]
x
research source
1. Boil a large stockpot of water. Meanwhile, prepare the corn cobs by removing the husks and silks. The exact amount of water you need will vary depending on how large each ear of corn is. Make sure that you use enough water to completely cover the ears of corn once they are submerged. Note that you can add up to 1 tsp (5 mL) salt to the water if desired, but it is not needed. To remove the husks, snap off the stem of the corn with your hands. Pull the stem over the length of the corn to peel off the husks still attached to it. Remove the remaining husks by peeling them off with your fingers. Rinse the husk-free corn cobs under running water. Rub your hands over the corn to loose and free as many of the silky threads you spot clinging to the corn.
2. Transfer the corn to the boiling water. Cover the pot and let it return to boiling. Use tongs to dunk the corn into the water. Avoid using your hands to transfer the corn since doing so may result in burns. If the boiling slows or stops after you place the corn in the stockpot, allow the water to reach a boiling point again before timing the cooking process.
3. Cook for 3 to 8 minutes. The corn should be "tender-crisp" when done. "Tender-crisp" means that the corn is soft enough to press, but not mushy. The precise amount of cooking time will vary based on the type of corn and how mature it is. Fresh corn and sweet corn usually cook fastest.
4. Remove and serve. Transfer the ears of corn to a layer of clean paper towels and let drain for 30 to 60 seconds before serving. The corn will be hot, so you may want to wait a few minutes before biting into it. Corn is usually served with a drizzle of butter.
## Microwaving corn on the cob[2]
x
research source
1. Place an ear of corn in a microwave-safe dish. You will need to cook the corn one ear at a time, but the instructions are the same for each ear. Do not remove the husk. The corn will cook better in the microwave if left in the husk during the cooking process.
2. Microwave the corn for 5 minutes. The microwave should be set on high power or full power. Let stand in the microwave for 1 to 2 minutes to avoid burning yourself with the steam.
3. Transfer the corn to a cutting board. Cut of the stem end using a sharp kitchen knife. Use oven mitts or a towel when removing the corn from the microwave. As you cut, you should also remove the first row of kernels. Make sure to cut through the husk completely.
4. Slip the corn out of its husk and serve. Use oven mitts or a towel to grab hold of the corn from the uncut top end. Gently shake the ear, allowing the corn to slip free. The ear of corn should slip out of the husk easily. Usually, even the silks will remain left behind inside the husks. You can serve the corn with butter and salt, or however you prefer it.
## Grilling corn on the cob
1. Preheat your grill to medium-high heat. Meanwhile, remove the husks and silks from your ears of corn. If using a gas grill, set all the burners to medium-high heat and allow the grill to preheat for 5 to 10 minutes. If using a charcoal grill, allow a thick layer of coals to burn until white ash begins to form over the surface. Husk the corn by snapping off the stem and pulling it over the length of the corn, thereby removing the husk attached to the stem. Peel away the rest of the husk with your fingers. Rinse the ears under running water to remove most of the loose silks.
2. Brush the corn with olive oil. Use a basting brush to apply a thin coat of olive oil to the surface of each ear of corn. Use no more than 1 Tbsp (15 mL) olive oil per ear. You could also use melted butter instead of olive oil.
3. Transfer the corn to the grill. Cook for 6 to 10 minutes. Turn the corn occasionally to ensure even cooking and prevent burning. The corn is done once the majority of the kernels begin to brown lightly. It will also be charred in some spots, especially near the smaller kernels.
4. Serve as desired. Remove the corn from the grill and transfer each ear to a serving platter. Let cool until you can handle it comfortably with your bare hands. Butter and salt are frequently served with corn, but if you used butter on the corn before grilling it, you may find that you do not need to add more.
## Steaming corn on the cob[3]
x
research source
1. Boil water in the bottom portion of a steamer. Husk and de-silk the ears of corn as you wait. If you do not have an actual steamer, you can use a large stockpot and perforated metal colander instead. Make sure that the metal colander can rest on the lip of the stockpot before attempting to use it, however. The basket portion of the colander should not dip below the halfway point of the stockpot. Snap off the stem of the corn and pull it over the length of the ear, removing the attached husk. Peel the rest of the husk away with your fingers. Rinse the corn under cool running water, scrubbing it gently with your hands. This should remove the majority of the silks.
2. Transfer the corn to the steaming basket. Cook for 8 to 12 minutes. Use tongs to transfer the corn into the steaming basket. Using your hands could result in burns. The exact cooking time will vary depending on how mature the corn is. Fresher corn cooks quicker than older corn. The corn is done once the kernels feel tender but not mushy.
3. Serve warm. Remove the corn from the steamer with your tongs and let rest for a minute or two before enjoying. Season with butter and salt, if desired.
## Baking corn on the cob[4]
x
research source
1. Preheat the oven to 425 degrees Fahrenheit (220 degrees Celsius). Remove the husks and silks from each ear of corn as the oven preheats. To remove the husk from an ear of corn, snap off the stem using your hands. Pull the broken stem down over the ear, stripping away any husk attached to it. Peel the rest of the exposed husk away with your fingers. Rinse each corn cob under running water, scrubbing gently with your hands to remove any visible silks. Pat dry with paper towels.
2. Season the ears with butter. You can also add a little salt and pepper, if desired. Use plenty of butter. Spread at least 1 to 2 Tbsp of melted butter over each ear.
3. Wrap each ear in aluminum foil. Each ear must be completely wrapped inside its own sheet of aluminum foil. If you are worried about butter leaking out from the aluminum foil, place a flat baking sheet or jelly-roll pan beneath the wrapped ears of corn to catch any dripping butter.
4. Bake the corn for 20 to 30 minutes. Most ears of corn will only take 20 minutes to cook, but larger ears may need as many as 30 minutes. Place the corn on the middle rack of your oven to ensure the most even cooking.
5. Remove and serve. Let the cooked ears of corn rest for 2 to 5 minutes before carefully removing the aluminum foil. Serve once they are cool enough to touch.
## Boiling corn kernels
1. Boil water in a medium saucepan. Meanwhile, measure out your frozen whole corn kernels. You can add up to 1 tsp (5 mL) of salt to the boiling water, if desired, but the salt is not necessary. The corn does not need to be thawed prior to use. You could also use canned corn kernels instead of frozen corn. Note that the amount of time needed to boil canned corn is significantly less than the amount of time needed to boil frozen corn. Additionally, canned corn should be drained before you add it to the boiling water.
2. Add the corn to the boiling water. If the boiling decreases or stops, let the water come up to a boil again. After it returns to a rolling boil, reduce the heat to medium-low.
3. Cover and cook. Frozen whole kernels of corn should simmer for 5 to 10 minutes. Drain once finished. Canned corn should only boil for 1 to 3 minutes. Once finished, the corn should be hot and tender but not mushy.
4. Serve as desired. Do not refreeze corn kernels after cooking them. If desired, you can mix the cooked corn kernels with butter, salt, and black pepper. You can also use other seasonings, like parsley, according to your own tastes.
## Steaming corn kernels
1. Simmer water in a steamer. Fill the lower part of a steamer with water and heat, on the stove, over medium heat until the water steams and starts to simmer. Do not boil the water. Do not fill the steamer high enough for water to slip up through the holes of the steamer basket. If you do not have a steamer, you could use a stockpot and a metal colander with fine holes. Make sure that the colander fits over the lip of the stockpot without falling in.
2. Add frozen corn kernels into the steamer basket. Spread the kernels out into a single layer. Canned corn kernels can also be used, but they will finish cooking in a much shorter amount of time. They may also be soggier once finished. You do not need to thaw frozen corn kernels before use.
3. Cook for 9 to 10 minutes. Allow the corn to steam for 9 to 10 minutes without covering it. Drain once finished. Canned kernels will only need to steam for 3 or 4 minutes.
4. Serve. Steamed corn can be served with butter and salt as well as other seasonings.
## Microwaving corn kernels
1. Place corn kernels in a microwave-safe dish. Spread frozen corn kernels into an even layer in the dish. Canned corn kernels can also be used, but there are some differences in the cooking method and length. Frozen corn does not need to be thawed prior to cooking.
2. Add 2 to 4 Tbsp (30 to 60 mL) of water. Stir the water into the corn to disperse it throughout. Note that this step is only needed if using frozen corn kernels. You do not need to add water if using canned corn, but you should not drain the canned corn before use.
3. Cover the dish with plastic wrap. Use a fork to poke a few holes into the plastic wrap, providing ventilation. Only use plastic wrap that is safe to use in the microwave. If the dish has a cover, you could use that instead of the plastic wrap. Make sure that the cover is placed on the dish loosely so that the corn is still ventilated.
4. Microwave for 4 to 5 minutes. If using canned corn, only microwave the dish for 1 to 2 minutes. The exact length of time varies depending on how much wattage your microwave has. A lower-powered microwave will need longer time, while a higher-powered microwave will need less time. If you hear popping sounds as the corn cooks, stop the microwave early.
5. Drain and serve. Drain the cooking liquid from the corn and season as desired with butter, salt, and pepper.
## Charcoal grilled corn on the cob
1. Cut the tip of each ear of corn off. Soak the corn in the husks in a sink or a big pot in 4 to 6 inches (10.2 to 15.2 cm) of tap water for about an hour.
2. While they're soaking, prepare your outdoor charcoal grill. Add enough coals for an hour of cooking.
3. Place the corn still in the husks on the grill. Cook for about an hour, turning occasionally, allowing the husks to char.
4. Remove the husks.
5. Add butter, salt and pepper to taste. Serve immediately.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Say I have a file ```/templates/apple``` and I want to
* put it in two different places and then
* remove the original.
So, ```/templates/apple``` will be copied to ```/templates/used``` AND ```/templates/inuse```
and then after that I’d like to remove the original.
Is ```cp``` the best way to do this, followed by ```rm```? Or is there a better way?
I want to do it all in one line so I’m thinking it would look something like:
```cp /templates/apple /templates/used | cp /templates/apple /templates/inuse | rm /templates/apple
```
Is this the correct syntax? </s> <|assistant|> You are using ```|``` (pipe) to direct the output of a command into another command. What you are looking for is ```&&``` operator to execute the next command only if the previous one succeeded:
```cp /templates/apple /templates/used && cp /templates/apple /templates/inuse && rm /templates/apple
```
Or
```cp /templates/apple /templates/used && mv /templates/apple /templates/inuse
```
To summarize (non-exhaustively) bash's command operators/separators:
* ```|``` pipes (pipelines) the standard output (```stdout```) of one command into the standard input of another one. Note that ```stderr``` still goes into its default destination, whatever that happen to be.
* ```|&```pipes both ```stdout``` and ```stderr``` of one command into the standard input of another one. Very useful, available in bash version 4 and above.
* ```&&``` executes the right-hand command of ```&&``` only if the previous one succeeded.
* ```||``` executes the right-hand command of ```||``` only it the previous one failed.
* ```;``` executes the right-hand command of ```;``` always regardless whether the previous command succeeded or failed. Unless ```set -e``` was previously invoked, which causes ```bash``` to fail on an error.
</s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> Instead of a dystopia that seems like a utopia on the surface, write a story about a utopia that seems like a dystopia on the surface. </s> <|assistant|> Smooth edges. Clean streets. People bustle about, heading to lunch, with smiles on their faces. Posters line the walls of the city saying "Be Your Brother's Keeper" or "Arcadia is Our Mother". Loudspeakers chime in with daily reminders about citywide events or milestones met. "Without Arcadia," says the woman on the announcements, "we are nothing." Police in crisp white uniforms patrol the streets on foot, and everyone smiles and nods at them. Above, through the small clouds, an impossibly tall tower can be seen standing at the center of the sprawl.
A great wall surrounds the city. The First Founders began building it long ago, during their age, and by the time their generation had passed it was finished. A dull grey barrier, blocking Arcadia off from the outside world. Every man, woman, and child knows what lies beyond. Ruins of the fallen world, the world that came before. Anyone is free to leave, but such a thought rarely ever crosses the mind. They are taught the truth when they are young, how societies collapsed after fossil fuels ran out. How wars were fought not for land, but for water. How the nuclear missiles, the Dust Makers, were made. How terrifyingly destructive they had been. How they had sailed through the air like shooting stars before crashing back down to Earth like meteors.
They picked through the ashes and learned from their ancestor's mistakes. They come together as a community, and stay together as a community, for each other's sake. Division, the teachers said, is what split the old world apart. People were separated, not just by the borders of their country, but by the borders they made themselves. Race. Class. Religion. Political views. In Arcadia, these things still exist, but the people are taught to embrace their difference. To cherish it. To not let it consume and divide them.
Because if there is division, there is no Arcadia. And without Arcadia, they are nothing. </s> |
<|system|> You are an AI assistant that follows instruction extremely well. Help as much as you can. </s> <|prompter|> I have to disable inputs at first and then on click of a link to enable them.
This is what I have tried so far, but it doesn't work.
HTML:
```
```
jQuery:
```$("#edit").click(function(event){
event.preventDefault();
$('.inputDisabled').removeAttr("disabled")
});
```
This shows me ```true``` and then ```false``` but nothing changes for the inputs:
```$("#edit").click(function(event){
alert('');
event.preventDefault();
alert($('.inputDisabled').attr('disabled'));
$('.inputDisabled').removeAttr("disabled");
alert($('.inputDisabled').attr('disabled'));
});
``` </s> <|assistant|> Always use the ```prop()``` method to enable or disable elements when using jQuery (see below for why).
In your case, it would be:
```$("#edit").click(function(event){
event.preventDefault();
$('.inputDisabled').prop("disabled", false); // Element(s) are now enabled.
});
```
jsFiddle example here.
Why use ```prop()``` when you could use ```attr()```/```removeAttr()``` to do this?
Basically, ```prop()``` should be used when getting or setting properties (such as ```autoplay```, ```checked```, ```disabled``` and ```required``` amongst others).
While what you want to do can technically be done using ```attr()```/```removeAttr()```, it doesn't mean it should be done - and can cause strange/problematic behaviour, as in this case.
"The difference between attributes and properties can be important in
specific situations. Before jQuery 1.6, the ```.attr()``` method sometimes
took property values into account when retrieving some attributes,
which could cause inconsistent behavior. As of jQuery 1.6, the ```.prop()```
method provides a way to explicitly retrieve property values, while
```.attr()``` retrieves attributes."
"Properties generally affect the dynamic state of a DOM element without
changing the serialized HTML attribute. Examples include the ```value```
property of input elements, the ```disabled``` property of inputs and
buttons, or the ```checked``` property of a checkbox. The ```.prop()``` method
should be used to set ```disabled``` and ```checked``` instead of the ```.attr()```
method. The ```.val()``` method should be used for getting and setting
```value```." - jQuery documentation for prop()
Pre-jQuery 3.0 (before 2016)
The reason why you should use ```prop``` over ```removeAttr()``` is that ```removeAttr()``` completely removes the ```disabled``` attribute itself - as this method would simply set the corresponding property name to ```false```:
Prior to jQuery 3.0, using .removeAttr() on a boolean attribute such
as checked, selected, or readonly would also set the corresponding
named property to false. This behavior was required for ancient
versions of Internet Explorer but is not correct for modern browsers
because the attribute represents the initial value and the property
represents the current (dynamic) value. - jQuery 3.0 Breaking Changes
While ```prop()``` merely sets the property's underlying boolean value to false. </s> |