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In this task, you will be presented with a question about part-of-speech tag of a word in the question. You should write an implausible POS tag to the question. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. Here is the Alphabetical list of part-of-speech tags used in this task: CC: Coordinating conjunction, CD: Cardinal number, DT: Determiner, EX: Existential there, FW: Foreign word, IN: Preposition or subordinating conjunction, JJ: Adjective, JJR: Adjective, comparative, JJS: Adjective, superlative, LS: List item marker, MD: Modal, NN: Noun, singular or mass, NNS: Noun, plural, NNP: Proper noun, singular, NNPS: Proper noun, plural, PDT: Predeterminer, POS: Possessive ending, PRP: Personal pronoun, PRP$: Possessive pronoun, RB: Adverb, RBR: Adverb, comparative, RBS: Adverb, superlative, RP: Particle, SYM: Symbol, TO: to, UH: Interjection, VB: Verb, base form, VBD: Verb, past tense, VBG: Verb, gerund or present participle, VBN: Verb, past participle, VBP: Verb, non-3rd person singular present, VBZ: Verb, 3rd person singular present, WDT: Wh-determiner, WP: Wh-pronoun, WP$: Possessive wh-pronoun, WRB: Wh-adverb
Input: What is the part-of-speech tag of the word "predominantly" in the following question: Who are the lead roles in the movie filmed with the Dravidian language spoken predominantly by people of Karnataka ?
Output: | WP | task347_hybridqa_incorrect_answer_generation |
You are given an unfinished Catalan sentence, and you need to predict the rest of it.
Input: Segons el president del Consell Comarcal , Agustí Redó
Output: | , la mineria , que ocupa directament unes 1.300 persones , és un sector estratègic al Bages i per tant , el Consell ha d' assumir les seves responsabilitats i exercir com a mitjancer en el cas que hi hagi situacions conflictives que amenacin una part important de la societat del Bages . | task961_ancora-ca-ner_text_auto_completion |
An answer is given. Generate a question for which the given answer is either a direct or partial answer.
Input: Answer: mars
Output: | which planets is smaller than earth? | task443_com_qa_ans_question_generation |
Given a set of five words, generate the word from the set that does not belong (i.e. is the least relevant) with the other words. Words are separated by commas.
Input: pie, fritter, doughnut, croquet, goodbye
Output: | goodbye | task142_odd-man-out_classification_no_category |
In this task, you are given a hateful post in English from online platforms. You are expected to classify the target being harassed in the post as individual or generic, i.e., single person or a group of people. Note that the URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].
Input: Post: @snapchatmypussy If you don't like the song bitch keep it moving hoe. You can't sing you can't do shit but suck dick bitch stfu you dumb white trash ass bitch
Output: | Individual | task337_hateeval_classification_individual_en |
The task is to generate text based off of an event. For the given event, there will be a person who does the action in the event (usually PersonX). Your task is to write that persons intent behind doing the event, i.e. why did the person do that action.
Input: PersonX does a bunk
Output: | to avoid a situation | task1596_event2mind_text_generation_2 |
In this task, you are given one english sentence. The major part of the sentences talk about health-related topics, but some of the them describe an organization and its activities. Your job is to translate the given sentences into German.
Input: Social marketing
Output: | Soziales Marketing | task1396_europa_ecdc_tm_en_de_translation |
A text is given in Hindi. Translate it from the Hindi language to the Marathi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Input: विकासातून निर्माण झालेला विश्वास प्रत्येक प्रकारच्या हिंसेला संपवतो.
Output: | विकास से विकसित हुआ विश्वास हर तरह की हिंसा को खत्म कर देता है। | task1082_pib_translation_marathi_hindi |
Creating a multiple-choice question from the given context and a 'group' which indicate the focus of the question. The question must come first, separated by <sep> from the candidate answers. The answer to the question does not have to exist in the context.
Input: context: A person is trying to bounce a rubber ball. They drop a first ball onto rubber, a second ball onto snow, a third ball onto carpet, and a fourth ball onto grass.<sep>group: bouncing
Output: | question: Which ball bounces the highest?<sep>A: rubber<sep>B: snow<sep>C: carpet<sep>D: grass | task860_prost_mcq_generation |
Given a paragraph, your job is to generate a question that can be answered from the passage. The answer to your question should be a single entity, person, time, etc. that can be extracted from the passage.
Input: Western medicine was also practiced in China by the Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court, where it was sometimes labeled as huihui or Muslim medicine. The Nestorian physician Jesus the Interpreter founded the Office of Western Medicine in 1263 during the reign of Kublai. Huihui doctors staffed at two imperial hospitals were responsible for treating the imperial family and members of the court. Chinese physicians opposed Western medicine because its humoral system contradicted the yin-yang and wuxing philosophy underlying traditional Chinese medicine. No Chinese translation of Western medical works is known, but it is possible that the Chinese had access to Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine.
Output: | What aspect of Western medicine did the Chinese dislike? | task1609_xquad_en_question_generation |
In this task, you are given a set of reviews from Amazon and Yelp. Your task is to generate a summary of a given set of reviews about the information present in reviews. This generated summary should reflect users' common opinions expressed in the reviews, the common sentiment of the opinions and their details, and should be coherent with the given set of reviews in terms of sentence and information structure. Avoid creating summaries that (i) contains additional information which is not present in reviews, (ii) look exactly like the review, and (iii) uses 5 or more same consecutive words or phrases given in the reviews.
Input: Review_1: That rating is based solely on the phone service when I called to place a delivery order just now. Rude could be a little on the strong sode, but is not an entirely inaccurate description. I will post more when we get our food I. 45 - 50 minutes., Review_2: The Tom kha is pretty good, panang curry was okay too but they are stingy on the meat and their tempura is more like fishstick breading, definitely not tempura. It was okay. Probably find a different place to eat next time., Review_3: Ordered tom kha today and opt for delivery. The soup came sooner than they had quoted which was nice, and the soup itself was delicious and the portion is enough to last a few days! The man who delivered it was also very kind. Will absolutely be ordering again! Thank you papaya Thai!, Review_4: Ordered deliver thru Eat24 tonight. Mixed app - most items over cooked. The brownish dipping sauce had an off flavor. No idea what it was. Pad Woon Sen - Bland and no heat. Overall a let down. I had hoped I'd have the same experience as many of the others that had given good reviews on the delivery. Oh well., Review_5: Awesome place! Called in and told them we would be heading over and we were running late and they held the restaurant open for us until we got there. Truly nice people and great management. I seriously recommend you go. Love their appetizers!, Review_6: I ordered takeout and was disappointed to find my Broccoli Delight hardly contained any broccoli. Five pieces max. What's worse, the Tom Yum soup tasted like spicy tomatoes. There didn't seem to be any lemongrass. Not even a hint. So disgusting, and contrary to what I ordered., Review_7: Chicken was undercooked. The curry was pretty good, very large serving.The place looks run down and it looks like the workers live there, looked dirty, worn and really old.I doubt we'd ever dine in and with the to go order under cooked we will not be ordering from Papaya again., Review_8: Ordered via Grubhub while at a sand volleyball tournament. The food was great! Who knew pumpkin could make a great curry! Then i read the reviews on here and was like uh oh. Never the less, this experience the food was great. I took off a star just because they took longer than expected.
Output: | There is an off flavor in the brownish dipping sauce and most items over cooked. The waiting time was longer than expected. The place looked run down and looks like the workers also live there, looked really old, worn and dirty. The Tom Yum soup had the taste of spicy tomatoes. Probably look for a different place to eat another time. | task672_amazon_and_yelp_summarization_dataset_summarization |
In this task, you're given passages that contain mentions of names of people, places, or things. Some of these mentions refer to the same person, place, or thing. Your job is to write questions that evaluate one's understanding of such references. Good questions are expected to link pronouns (she, her, him, his, their, etc.) or other mentions to people, places, or things to which they may refer.
Avoid questions that can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph. Avoid questions that do not link phrases referring to the same entity. Avoid questions that have multiple answers.
For each of your questions the answer should be one or more phrases in the paragraph. The answer for each question should be unambiguous.
Input: Context: Beyoncé is believed to have first started a relationship with Jay Z after a collaboration on "'03 Bonnie & Clyde", which appeared on his seventh album The Blueprint 2: The Gift & The Curse (2002). Beyoncé appeared as Jay Z's girlfriend in the music video for the song, which would further fuel speculation of their relationship. On April 4, 2008, Beyoncé and Jay Z were married without publicity. As of April 2014, the couple have sold a combined 300 million records together. The couple are known for their private relationship, although they have appeared to become more relaxed in recent years. Beyoncé suffered a miscarriage in 2010 or 2011, describing it as "the saddest thing" she had ever endured. She returned to the studio and wrote music in order to cope with the loss. In April 2011, Beyoncé and Jay Z traveled to Paris in order to shoot the album cover for her 4, and unexpectedly became pregnant in Paris.
Output: | Together how records have they sold ? | task739_lhoestq_question_generation |
This task is about creating an unanswerable question based on a given passage. Construct a question that looks relevant to the given context but is unanswerable. Following are a few suggestions about how to create unanswerable questions:
(i) create questions which require satisfying a constraint that is not mentioned in the passage
(ii) create questions which require information beyond what is provided in the passage in order to answer
(iii) replace an existing entity, number, date mentioned in the passage with other entity, number, date and use it in the question
(iv) create a question which is answerable from the passage and then replace one or two words by their antonyms or insert/remove negation words to make it unanswerable.
Input: Passage: As the Nintendo Entertainment System grew in popularity and entered millions of American homes, some small video rental shops began buying their own copies of NES games, and renting them out to customers for around the same price as a video cassette rental for a few days. Nintendo received no profit from the practice beyond the initial cost of their game, and unlike movie rentals, a newly released game could hit store shelves and be available for rent on the same day. Nintendo took steps to stop game rentals, but didn't take any formal legal action until Blockbuster Video began to make game rentals a large-scale service. Nintendo claimed that allowing customers to rent games would significantly hurt sales and drive up the cost of games. Nintendo lost the lawsuit, but did win on a claim of copyright infringement. Blockbuster was banned from including original, copyrighted instruction booklets with their rented games. In compliance with the ruling, Blockbuster produced their own short instructions—usually in the form of a small booklet, card, or label stuck on the back of the rental box—that explained the game's basic premise and controls. Video rental shops continued the practice of renting video games and still do today.
Output: | Blockbuster wasn't banned from including what with their games? | task348_squad2.0_unanswerable_question_generation |
In this task, you're given passages that contain mentions of names of people, places, or things. Some of these mentions refer to the same person, place, or thing. Your job is to write questions that evaluate one's understanding of such references. Good questions are expected to link pronouns (she, her, him, his, their, etc.) or other mentions to people, places, or things to which they may refer. Do not ask questions that can be answered correctly without understanding the paragraph or having multiple answers. Avoid questions that do not link phrases referring to the same entity. For each of your questions, the answer should be one or more phrases in the paragraph, and it should be unambiguous.
Input: Passage: Nielsen wrote three concertos: the Violin Concerto, Op. 33 is a middle-period work, from 1911, which lies within the tradition of European classicism, whereas the Flute Concerto (without opus number) of 1926 and the Clarinet Concerto, Op. 57 which followed in 1928 are late works, influenced by the modernism of the 1920s and, according to the Danish musicologist Herbert Rosenberg, the product of "an extremely experienced composer who knows how to avoid inessentials." Unlike Nielsen's later works, the Violin Concerto has a distinct, melody-oriented neo-classical structure. The Flute Concerto, in two movements, was written for the flautist Holger Gilbert-Jespersen, a member of the Copenhagen Wind Quintet which had premiered Nielsen's Wind Quintet (1922). In contrast to the rather traditional style of the Violin Concerto, it reflects the modernistic trends of the period. The first movement, for example, switches between D minor, E-flat minor and F major before the flute comes to the fore with a cantabile theme in E major. The Clarinet Concerto was also written for a member of the Copenhagen Wind Quintet, Aage Oxenvad. Nielsen stretches the capacities of instrument and player to the utmost; the concerto has just one continuous movement and contains a struggle between the soloist and the orchestra and between the two principal competing keys, F major and E major.The wind concertos present many examples of what Nielsen called objektivering ("objectification"). By this term he meant giving instrumentalists freedom of interpretation and performance within the bounds set out by the score.
Output: | What two Quintets did Holger Gilbert-Jespersen play? | task001_quoref_question_generation |
In this task, you're given a text which is the body of the document. Indicate your answer as "Yes" if the text is about a person, otherwise indicate your answer as "No". Don't generate anything else apart from "Yes" or "No". Pay attention that for your answer to be "Yes", the passage should be generally about a person. Mentions of people in the text don't necessarily mean the text is about a person.
Input: Text: Spencer Argyle Bedford (February 1 1851 – December 15 1933) was an English-born Canadian politician. He served on the 1st Council of the Northwest Territories for Moosomin from 1885 to 1888.Bedford was born at Busted Sussex England in 1851 the son of J. Bedford and was raised in the vicinity of the English Channel.He came to Canada in 1877 and settled in Manitoba purchasing land there.
Output: | Yes | task632_dbpedia_14_classification |
Convert a disfluent question to a proper question. A disfluent question is a question that has some interruptions in it while framing. A proper question is the correct form of the question without any disfluency.
Input: Who granted erm what act sets forth the functions of the Scottish Parliament?
Output: | What act sets forth the functions of the Scottish Parliament? | task1622_disfl_qa_text_modication |
In this task, given a sentence in the Lao (Laotian) language, your task is to convert it into the English language.
Input: ທ່ຽວບິນທົດລອງທໍາອິດອາດຈະດໍາເນີນຂື້ນໃນຕົ້ນເດືອນມີນາ ແລະ ທ່ຽວບິນໂດຍສານພານິດຄັ້ງທໍາອິດຈະອອກເດີນທາງໃນກາງປີ 2006 ຈາກສະໜາມບິນ ຈາງກີ ຂອງປະເທດສິງກະໂປ.
Output: | The first test flight of the aircraft may take place as early as March, and the first commercial flight is expected to take off in mid-2006 from Singapore's Changi Airport. | task540_alt_translation_la_en |
You are given a statement written in Marathi. Choose the most logical word from the given 4 options which can be used to replace the <MASK> token in the statement. Output the word from the correct option .
Input: Statement: १४ फुटांचा पहिला प्रवेशद्वारावरील दर्शनी भागात आहे, त्याला २००८ मध्ये स्थापन केलेले आहे. तळमजल्यावर म्हणजेच मुख्य हॉल मध्ये, केंद्र स्थानी <MASK> स्मारकाची प्रतिकृती ठेवण्यात आलेली आहे, नेमके याच ठिकाणी आंबेडकरांचा जन्म झाल्याचे मानले जाते. या हॉल मध्ये बाबासाहेबांचा जीवनपट अधोरेखित करणारे धातूंचे ४६ म्यूरल्स, खुर्चीत बसलेल्या स्थितीत आंबेडकरांच्या दुसरा पुतळा व त्यांच्या बाजूला रमाबाई आंबेडकर यांचाही पुतळा आहे. वरच्या मजल्यावर धम्म हॉलमध्ये, चित्रप्रदर्शन आहे आणि आंबेडकरांचे धम्मदीक्षा ग्रहण करतानाचे चित्रण आहे, त्यात तथागत बुद्ध, बाबासाहेबांना धम्मदीक्षा देणाऱ्या भदंत चंद्रमणी आणि स्वतः बाबासाहेब यांचे पूर्णाकृती पुतळे आहेत. येथे लोक ध्यान करतात.
Option A: भोपाळ
Option B: दीक्षाभूमी
Option C: इंदूर
Option D: पुण्यातील
Output: | दीक्षाभूमी | task950_wiki_cloze_mr_multiple_choice_question_answering |
You are given a statement written in Kannada. Choose the most logical word from the given 4 options which can be used to replace the <MASK> token in the statement. Output the word from the correct option .
Input: Statement: 15 ಮೇ 2006ರಂದು ನಡೆದ ವಿಶ್ವ ಕಪ್ 2006ರಲ್ಲಿ ಮೂಲತಃ ಹಿಂಜರಿಕೆಯ ಆಟಗಾರರಾದ ಅವರನ್ನು ಅನೇಕ ಜನರು ಅಚ್ಚರಿ ಪಡುವಂತೆ, ಸ್ಪೇನ್ ಅನ್ನು ಪ್ರತಿನಿಧಿಸಲು ಕರೆಯಲಾಗಿತ್ತು. 27 ಮೇ 2006ರಂದು ನಡೆದ <MASK> ವಿರುದ್ಧದ ಸ್ನೇಹಪರ ಪಂದ್ಯದ ಅರ್ಧಸಮಯ ಕಳೆದ ನಂತರ ಕರೆಸಿಕೊಂಡಾಗ ಸ್ಪೇನ್ನ ಪರ ತಮ್ಮ ಪ್ರಥಮ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ತಂಡದ ಪ್ರವೇಶವನ್ನು ಇನಿಯೆಸ್ಟಾ ಪಡೆದರು.
Option A: ಥಾಯ್ಲ್ಯಾಂಡ್
Option B: ಚಿಲಿ
Option C: ಜರ್ಮನಿ
Option D: ರಷ್ಯಾ
Output: | ರಷ್ಯಾ | task948_wiki_cloze_kn_multiple_choice_question_answering |
In this task, you are given a hateful post in Bengali that expresses hate or encourages violence in a geopolitical context based on the protected characteristics such as race, religion, sex, and sexual orientation. You are expected to classify the post into two classes: geopolitical or non-geopolitical depending on the topic.
Input: বাংলার মাটিতে কোন নাস্তিক মুরতাদ ইসলাম বিরোধীদের ঠাঁই নেই
Output: | non-geopolitical | task1493_bengali_geopolitical_hate_speech_binary_classification |
The provided file includes inquiries about restaurants, and we ask you to translate those to the Polish language. Please bear in mind the following guidlines while doing the translation: 1) We are looking for the most naturally written and formal form of each sentence in your language. We are *NOT* looking for colloquial forms of the sentence. We are looking for formal form which is how you would type your queries in a text-based virtual assistant. 2) The words between quotation marks *SHOULD NOT* be translated. We expect you to keep those values intact and include the quotation marks around them as well. 3) The fully capitalized words like DATE_0, or DURATION_0 *SHOULD NOT* be translated. Please keep them as they are in the translations. 4) Please do not localize measurement units like miles to kilometers during your translation. miles should be translated to its equivalent in your language. 6) Note the input is all lowercased except for special placeholders. Please do the same in your translations.
Input: i would like to find " brenda 's french soul food " .
Output: | chcę znaleźć "brenda 's french soul food". | task175_spl_translation_en_pl |
In this task, you are given a sentence from the research paper and the category to which it belongs. Your task is to classify whether the given category is correct or not by providing "True" and "False", respectively. Here are the definitions for the categories: Background (Why is this problem important? What relevant works have been created before? What is still missing in the previous works? What are the high-level research questions? How might this help other research or researchers?), Purpose (What specific things do the researchers want to do? What specific knowledge do the researchers want to gain? What specific hypothesis do the researchers want to test?), Method (How did the researchers do the work or find what they sought? What are the procedures and steps of the research?), or Finding (What did the researchers find out? Did the proposed methods work? Did the thing behave as the researchers expected?). ",
Input: Sentence: representing significant risk of nosocomial transmission to critical care clinicians and other patients.
Section: background
Output: | True | task1164_coda19_section_correction_classification |
In this task, you are given one French sentence. The major part of the sentences talk about health-related topics, but some of the them describe an organization and its activities. Your job is to translate the given sentences into English.
Input: L’analyse et l’évaluation régulières des programmes de communication sur la santé peuvent permettre d’en déceler les points forts et les points faibles, et peuvent indiquer quand il s’avère nécessaire d’y apporter des améliorations.
Output: | Regular analysis and evaluation of health communication programs can help to identify strengths and weaknesses of and may indicate when corrective measures are necessary. | task1397_europa_ecdc_tm_fr_en_translation |