page_url
stringlengths 25
208
| page_title
stringlengths 1
142
| section_title
stringlengths 1
674
⌀ | hierarchical_section_title
stringlengths 1
712
| caption_attribution_description
stringlengths 1
63.3k
⌀ | caption_alt_text_description
stringlengths 1
3.73k
⌀ | is_main_image
bool 2
classes | attribution_passes_lang_id
bool 2
classes | context_page_description
stringlengths 1
1.21k
⌀ | context_section_description
stringlengths 1
4.1k
⌀ | caption
stringlengths 1
8.6k
| url
stringlengths 54
740
| key
int64 0
5k
| shard_id
int64 0
624
| status
stringclasses 1
value | error_message
null | width
int64 52
30k
| height
int64 84
5.05k
| exif
stringlengths 2
17.8k
⌀ | original_width
int64 52
40.8k
| original_height
int64 84
23.4k
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin%27s_electrostatic_machine | Franklin's electrostatic machine | null | Franklin's electrostatic machine | English: Franklin electrostatic machine | null | false | true | Franklin's electrostatic machine is a high-voltage static electricity-generating device used by Benjamin Franklin in the mid-18th century for research into electrical phenomena. Its key components are a glass globe which turned on an axis via a crank, a cloth pad in contact with the spinning globe, a set of metal needles to conduct away the charge developed on the globe by its friction with the pad, and a Leyden jar – a high-voltage capacitor – to accumulate the charge. Franklin's experiments with the machine eventually led to new theories about electricity and inventing the lightning rod. | Franklin's electrostatic machine is a high-voltage static electricity-generating device used by Benjamin Franklin in the mid-18th century for research into electrical phenomena. Its key components are a glass globe which turned on an axis via a crank, a cloth pad in contact with the spinning globe, a set of metal needles to conduct away the charge developed on the globe by its friction with the pad, and a Leyden jar – a high-voltage capacitor – to accumulate the charge. Franklin's experiments with the machine eventually led to new theories about electricity and inventing the lightning rod. | Franklin's electrostatic machine
on display at the Franklin Institute | 450 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Panasonic", "Image Model": "DMC-FZ35", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "300", "Image YResolution": "300", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "SILKYPIX(R) Developer Studio 3.1.19.2 SE", "Image DateTime": "2013:10:01 21:12:19", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "234", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "13284", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "4700", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/2", "EXIF FNumber": "14/5", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Manual", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "80", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2013:08:24 15:00:26", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2013:08:24 15:00:26", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "3", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "24/5", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "3000", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "4000", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "13160", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Custom"} | 3,000 | 4,000 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Military_Railroad | United States Military Railroad | Atlanta Campaign | United States Military Railroad / History / Atlanta Campaign | English: Nashville, Tenn. Fortified railroad bridge across Cumberland River Medium: 1 negative (2 plates) : glass, stereograph, wet collodion. Summary: Photograph of the War in the West. These photographs are of Hood before Nashville. Continuing his policy of the offensive at any cost, Gen. John B. Hood brought his reduced army before the defenses of Nashville, where it was overthrown by Gen. George H. Thomas on December 15-16, in the most complete victory of the war. If the date borne on this photograph is correct, it was taken in the course of the battle. Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-cwpb-02092 (digital file from original neg. of left half) LC-DIG-cwpb-02093 (digital file from original neg. of right half) LC-B8171-2642 (b&w film neg.) Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication. Call Number: LC-B811- 2642 [P&P] LOT 4177 (corresponding print) Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print | null | false | true | The U.S. Military Railroad was established by the United States War Department as a separate agency to operate any rail lines seized by the government during the American Civil War. An Act of Congress of 31 January 1862 authorized President Abraham Lincoln to seize control of the railroads and telegraph for military use in January 1862. In practice, however, the USMRR restricted its authority to Southern rail lines captured in the course of the war. As a separate organization for rail transportation the USMRR is one of the predecessors of the modern United States Army Transportation Corps. | null | Nashville, Tenn. Fortified railroad bridge across Cumberland River | 459 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 1,024 | 1,000 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Century_Plaza | New Century Plaza | null | New Century Plaza | View over Luohu district of Shenzhen from 25th floor of Panglin Hotel. Golden Business Center can be seen on the left. 2008-07-11 | null | false | true | New Century Plaza, otherwise or formerly known as Xinshiji Plaza, or Zhengshun Plaza, are twin towers in Dongmen, Shenzhen, China. They are formal abandoned skyscrapers in Shenzhen. Its actual current name is Vanke 68th Shennan Boulevard, which is named after its address. Both of them stand more than 190 meters tall with 45/46 decks. Construction of the buildings started in 1998 and was topped out in 2000. The building features shops and restaurants in the lower decks while the upper decks contains offices, luxury apartments, and luxury hotel.
The main structure and its distinctive 2 golden-coloured façades were largely completed when the developer abandoned the towers due to financial reasons in the same year. Construction halted for 13 years and renovation has only started after the building was sold to another developer in 2013. It was purchased by Vanke in 2015, who currently owns the building. The buildings had a fire after the purchase; fortunately, there were no reported casualties. | New Century Plaza (Chinese: 新世纪广场) , otherwise or formerly known as Xinshiji Plaza, or Zhengshun Plaza (Chinese: 正顺广场), are twin towers in Dongmen, Shenzhen, China. They are formal abandoned skyscrapers in Shenzhen. Its actual current name is Vanke 68th Shennan Boulevard (Chinese: 万科深南道68号), which is named after its address. Both of them stand more than 190 meters tall with 45/46 decks. Construction of the buildings started in 1998 and was topped out in 2000. The building features shops and restaurants in the lower decks while the upper decks contains offices, luxury apartments, and luxury hotel.
The main structure and its distinctive 2 golden-coloured façades were largely completed when the developer abandoned the towers due to financial reasons in the same year. Construction halted for 13 years and renovation has only started after the building was sold to another developer in 2013. It was purchased by Vanke in 2015, who currently owns the building. The buildings had a fire after the purchase; fortunately, there were no reported casualties. | The Golden Business Center is to the left. New century Plaza and Hung Cheung Plaza are to the middle-right of this image. | 455 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 768 | 1,024 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turf_maze | Turf maze | Historic turf mazes in Europe | Turf maze / Historic turf mazes / Historic turf mazes in Europe | Deutsch: Rasenlabyrinth in der Eilenriede | null | false | true | Historically, a turf maze is a labyrinth made by cutting a convoluted path into a level area of short grass, turf or lawn. Some had names such as Mizmaze, Troy Town, The Walls of Troy, Julian's Bower, or Shepherd's Race. This is the type of maze referred to by William Shakespeare in A Midsummer Night's Dream when Titania says
The nine men's morris is fill'd up with mud;
and the quaint mazes in the wanton green,
for lack of tread are undistinguishable.
In some turf labyrinths, the groove cut in the turf is the path to be walked; more commonly the turf itself forms the raised path which is marked out by shallow channels excavated between its twists and turns.
Most British examples are based on one of two layouts: the Classical or the later, more complex Medieval type which is derived from it. | Eilenriede forest, near Hanover, West Germany "Das Rad" ("The Wheel") (processional type, with tree at centre and short-cut to exit; has existed since at least 1642)
Graitschen, near Camburg, Thuringia, East Germany "Schwedenhieb", "Schwedenhugel" or 'Schwedenring"
Steigra, near Querfurt, Saxony-Anhalt, East Germany "Schwedengang", "Schwedenring" or "Trojaburg"
Tibble near Anundshög, Västerås, Sweden "Trojienborg" (named on map of 1764) | Turf Maze in Eilenriede forest, Hannover, Germany | 463 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 1,380 | 559 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASA_X-38 | NASA X-38 | Design | NASA X-38 / Design | English: Artist's rendering of the X-38 docked to the International Space Station. | null | false | true | The X-38 was an experimental re-entry vehicle designed by NASA to research a possible emergency crew return vehicle for the International Space Station. The 1995–2002 program also developed concepts for a crew return vehicle design that could be modified for other uses, such as a possible joint U.S. and international human spacecraft that could be launched on the French Ariane 5 booster.
The program would eventually develop a total of three test prototype flight demonstrators for the proposed Crew Return Vehicle, each having incremental improvements on its predecessor. All three were wingless lifting body vehicles used in drop tests. The X-38 program was cancelled in 2002 due to budget cuts. | The X-38 was intended to be semi-permanently docked to the ISS. If the crew became sick or injured during the course of their mission, they would enter the rescue vehicle through a hatched docking mechanism. With execution of a short procedure, the crew return vehicles would automatically fly the crew members safely to Earth. Once undocked, the vehicle would be deorbited using a deorbital propulsion system (DPS). The eight-thruster DPS would adjust the spacecraft's attitude and retrofire to slow the X-38 down, allowing gravitational attraction to pull it back into Earth's atmosphere. A DPS module was developed by Aerojet and delivered to Johnson Space Center in 2002 for V-201.
Following the jettison of the DPS, the X-38 would have glided from orbit and used a steerable parafoil for its final descent and landing. The high speeds at which lifting body aircraft operate can make them challenging to land. The parafoil would have been used to slow the vehicle and make landing easier. The landing gear consisted of skids rather than wheels: the skids worked like sleds so the vehicle would have slid to a stop on the ground.
Both the shape and size of the X-38 were different from that of the Space Shuttle. The Crew Return Vehicle would have fitted into the payload bay of the shuttle. This does not, however, mean that it would have been small. The X-38 weighed 10,660 kg and was 9.1 meters long. The battery system, lasting nine hours, was to be used for power and life support. If the Crew Return Vehicle was needed, it would only take two to three hours for it to reach Earth.
The parafoil parachute, employed for landing, was derived from technology developed by the U.S. Army. This massive parafoil deploys in 5 stages for optimum performance. A drag chute would have been released from the rear of the X-38. This drag chute would have been used to stabilize and slow the vehicle down. The parafoil (area of 687 square meters) was then released. It would open in five steps (a process called staging). While the staging process only takes 45 seconds, it is important for a successful chute deployment. Staging prevents high-speed winds from tearing the parafoil.
The spacecraft's landing was to be completely automated. Mission Control would have sent coordinates to the onboard computer system. This system would also have used wind sensors and the Global Positioning System (a satellite-based coordinate system) to coordinate a safe trip home. Since the Crew Return Vehicle was designed with medical emergencies in mind, it made sense that the vehicle could find its way home automatically in the event that crew members were incapacitated or injured. If there was a need, the crew would have the capability to operate the vehicle by switching to the backup systems. In addition, seven high altitude low opening (HALO) parachute packs were included in the crew cabin, a measure designed to provide for the ability to bail out of the craft.
An Advanced Docking Berthing System (ADBS) was designed for the X-38 and the work on it led to the Low Impact Docking System the Johnson Space Center later created for the planned vehicles in Project Constellation.
The X-38 vehicle was also known as the X-35 (but that designation was already allocated by the USAF to another vehicle) and X-CRV (experimental - Crew Return Vehicle) | Artist's rendering of a docked X-38 being ingressed by a crew member through a docking mechanism. | 458 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "HP", "Image Model": "HP ojj6400", "Image XResolution": "200", "Image YResolution": "200", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ReferenceBlackWhite": "[0, 255, 128, 255, 128, 255]", "Image ExifOffset": "198", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2015:10:04 00:12:53", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "1986", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1519", "EXIF Saturation": "Soft", "EXIF Sharpness": "Soft", "EXIF DeviceSettingDescription": "[1, 0, 19, 0, 32, 32, 32, 48, 65, 48, 32, 32, 32, 55, 65, 48, 32, 32, 32, 56, ... ]"} | 1,986 | 1,519 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoNavi | AutoNavi | null | AutoNavi | English: China National Software & Service Co., Ltd. in Changping District. (The data production base of AutoNavi Software Co., Ltd.) 中文: 昌平区中国软件与技术服务股份有限公司（高德软件有限公司数据生产基地） | null | false | false | AutoNavi Software Co., Ltd. is a Chinese web mapping, navigation and location-based services provider, founded in 2001. One of its subsidiary companies, Beijing Mapabc Co. Ltd., is a map website in China. AutoNavi was acquired by Alibaba Group in 2014. It offers its map services at Amap.com and as the Amap mobile app. It is known as Gaode in Chinese.
AutoNavi has provided mapping data to Google since 2006.
AutoNavi also provides mapping data of China for Apple Maps, which was introduced with iOS 6.
in China in 2012, with over 100 million users. | AutoNavi Software Co., Ltd. (simplified Chinese: 高德软件有限公司; traditional Chinese: 高德軟件有限公司; pinyin: Gāodé Ruǎnjiàn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī)) is a Chinese web mapping, navigation and location-based services provider, founded in 2001. One of its subsidiary companies, Beijing Mapabc Co. Ltd. (www.mapabc.com), is a map website in China. AutoNavi was acquired by Alibaba Group in 2014. It offers its map services at Amap.com and as the Amap mobile app. It is known as Gaode in Chinese.
AutoNavi has provided mapping data to Google since 2006.
AutoNavi also provides mapping data of China for Apple Maps, which was introduced with iOS 6.
in China in 2012, with over 100 million users. | The data production base of AutoNavi Software Co., Ltd. in Changping District. | 456 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageWidth": "4048", "Image ImageLength": "3036", "Image Make": "Google", "Image Model": "Pixel", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "HDR+ 1.0.198487984z", "Image DateTime": "2019:05:17 12:19:44", "Image Artist": "James Sheng", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image Copyright": "James Sheng", "Image ExifOffset": "2440", "GPS GPSVersionID": "[2, 2, 0, 0]", "GPS GPSLatitudeRef": "N", "GPS GPSLatitude": "[40, 12, 9/5]", "GPS GPSLongitudeRef": "E", "GPS GPSLongitude": "[116, 14, 2193/50]", "GPS GPSAltitudeRef": "0", "GPS GPSAltitude": "46", "GPS GPSTimeStamp": "[4, 19, 36]", "GPS GPSDOP": "11143/1000", "GPS GPSProcessingMethod": "[65, 83, 67, 73, 73, 0, 0, 0, 102, 117, 115, 101, 100]", "GPS GPSDate": "2019:05:17", "Image GPSInfo": "22632", "Image XPTitle": "[45, 78, 253, 86, 111, 143, 246, 78, 14, 78, 128, 98, 47, 103, 13, 103, 161, 82, 161, 128, ... ]", "Image XPAuthor": "James Sheng", "Image Padding": "[]", "Thumbnail ImageWidth": "253", "Thumbnail ImageLength": "189", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "23142", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "7295", "EXIF ExposureTime": "39/125000", "EXIF FNumber": "2", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "74", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2019:05:17 12:19:44", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2019:05:17 12:19:44", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "233/20", "EXIF ApertureValue": "2", "EXIF BrightnessValue": "227/25", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "2", "EXIF SubjectDistance": "4294967295", "EXIF MeteringMode": "CenterWeightedAverage", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, auto mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "467/100", "EXIF SubSecTime": "096501", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "096501", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "096501", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "4048", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "3036", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "22602", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Custom", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "26", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF SubjectDistanceRange": "3", "EXIF Padding": "[]", "EXIF OffsetSchema": "4285"} | 4,048 | 3,036 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Frediano_in_Cestello | San Frediano in Cestello | null | San Frediano in Cestello | San Frediano in Cestello church, dome, Florence, Italy | null | true | true | San Frediano in Cestello is a Baroque-style, Roman Catholic church in the Oltrarno section of Florence, region of Tuscany, Italy. The name cestello derives from the Cistercians who occupied the church in 1628. Previously the site had a 1450s church attached to the cloistered Carmelite convent of Santa Maria degli Angeli. | San Frediano in Cestello is a Baroque-style, Roman Catholic church in the Oltrarno section of Florence, region of Tuscany, Italy. The name cestello derives from the Cistercians who occupied the church in 1628. Previously the site had a 1450s church attached to the cloistered Carmelite convent of Santa Maria degli Angeli. | Dome and bell tower of San Frediano. | 452 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageDescription": "<Digimax i50 MP3, Samsung #1 MP3>", "Image Make": "Samsung Techwin", "Image Model": "<Digimax i50 MP3, Samsung #1 MP3>", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "96", "Image YResolution": "96", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "510271", "Image DateTime": "2006:06:04 16:04:48", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image Copyright": "COPYRIGHT, 2005", "Image ExifOffset": "302", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "1", "Thumbnail YResolution": "1", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "41958", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "10850", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/250", "EXIF FNumber": "36/5", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "50", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2006:06:04 16:04:48", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2006:06:04 16:04:48", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "228199/120000", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "255/32", "EXIF ApertureValue": "91/16", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "131/32", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "59/5", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "1600", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1200", "EXIF RelatedSoundFile": "RelatedSound", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "41822", "EXIF ExposureIndex": "1", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "70", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal"} | 1,600 | 1,200 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia%27s_9th_congressional_district | Georgia's 9th congressional district | Historical district boundaries | Georgia's 9th congressional district / Historical district boundaries | null | null | false | false | Georgia's 9th congressional district is a congressional district in the north of the U.S. state of Georgia. The district has been represented since 2013 by Republican Doug Collins.
Collins announced in January 2020 that he will run for U.S. senator. | null | The district from 2003 to 2007 | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Georgia%27s_9th_District_Map%2C_2002-2005.png | 466 | 1 | success | null | 636 | 379 | {} | 636 | 379 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Howard_(agriculturalist) | James Howard (agriculturalist) | Life | James Howard (agriculturalist) / Life | The gate to the Britannia Iron Works which used to stand on the site behind it, which is now a housing estate. The gate is listed, so now stands as an architectural feature and a monument to Bedford's industrial Past (the town was an engineering center until the late 20th century and now has almost no industry of any kind). The photo was taken from Kempston Road outside Bedford Hospital South Wing. | null | false | true | James Howard, was an English agriculturalist, Liberal politician, manufacturer, and Bedfordshire landowner. In respect of his business acumen, Sir Bernard Burke wrote that James Howard had 'by his inventive genius and business talents restored the family to its former position and wealth'. | Howard was one of the sons of John Howard, of Cauldwell House, Bedford, and was educated at Bedford Modern School where he excelled and taught Junior School classes whilst still a pupil.
With his brother Frederick (later Sir Frederick Howard Kt) he founded James & Frederick Howard, a company which made agricultural machinery at the Britannia Works in Bedford. In respect of his business acumen, Sir Bernard Burke wrote that James Howard had 'by his inventive genius and business talents restored the family to its former position and wealth'.
In 1862, Howard bought a large part of the Clapham, Bedfordshire, estates of Bertram Ashburnham, 4th Earl of Ashburnham, and established a model farm there, farming his land under new scientific methods. Howard was Mayor of Bedford in 1863 and 1864 and, in 1868, he was elected as one of the two members of parliament for the Bedford constituency, but he lost the seat to a Conservative in 1874. In 1872, he built Clapham Park, a new Victorian country house in an Elizabethan style standing on high ground to the south of Clapham Wood. In 1880, he returned to the House of Commons as member for the Bedfordshire county constituency, which he represented until it was abolished in 1885.
In 1885, Howard was one of the two vice-presidents of the National Pig Breeders' Association, which had been founded in 1884 and which would later become the British Pig Breeders Association. He wrote in 1881 that over twenty years he had bred thousands of pigs, trying the Large, Middle, and Small Whites and the Berkshires, and had crossed the Whites with the Berkshire. For rapid growth and profitability his preferred breed was the Large White, but he was "far from decrying the Berkshires". | Victorian Gate of the Britannia Works, 2007 | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/BritanniaIronWorksGateBedford.JPG | 462 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY", "Image Model": "KODAK DC240 ZOOM DIGITAL CAMERA", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "192", "Image YResolution": "192", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image Copyright": "KODAK DC240 ZOOM DIGITAL CAMERA", "Image ExifOffset": "250", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "1480", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "9877", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/250", "EXIF FNumber": "8", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0210", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2007:06:17 12:55:22", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2007:06:17 12:55:22", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "8", "EXIF ApertureValue": "6", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "29/10", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Average", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire", "EXIF FocalLength": "6", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "1280", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "960", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "1284", "EXIF ExposureIndex": "140", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed"} | 1,280 | 960 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mountains_by_elevation | List of mountains by elevation | 7,000 metres | List of mountains by elevation / 7,000 metres | Gasherbrum IV, VI, V in Karakoram mountain range, Pakistan | null | false | true | There are 14 mountains over 8,000 metres, which are often referred to as the Eight-thousanders. All are in the two highest mountain ranges in the world, the Himalayas and the Karakoram. | null | Left to right: Gasherbrum IV, VII, V, VI | 465 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image ExifOffset": "102", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0200", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0101", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "3360", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "2240"} | 3,360 | 2,240 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_decoration | Christmas decoration | Tree | Christmas decoration / Tree | English: WISH YOU A VERY HAPPY CHRISTMAS | null | false | true | A Christmas decoration is any of several types of ornamentation used at Christmastime and the greater holiday season. The traditional colors of Christmas are pine green, snow white, and heart red. Blue, pink, and white are often used to represent winter, or sometimes Hanukkah, which occurs around the same time. Gold and silver are also very common, as are other metallic colours. Typical images on Christmas decorations include Baby Jesus, Father Christmas, Santa Claus, and the star of Bethlehem.
In many countries, such as Sweden, people start to set up their Advent and Christmas decorations on the first day of Advent. Liturgically, this is done in some parishes through a Hanging of the Greens ceremony. In the Western Christian world, the two traditional days when Christmas decorations are removed are Twelfth Night and if they are not taken down on that day, Candlemas, the latter of which ends the Christmas-Epiphany season in some denominations. Taking down Christmas decorations before Twelfth Night, as well as leaving the decorations up beyond Candlemas, is historically considered to be inauspicious. | The Christmas tree was first used by German Lutherans in the 16th century, with records indicating that a Christmas tree was placed in the Cathedral of Strassburg in 1539, under the leadership of the Protestant Reformer, Martin Bucer. In the United States, these "German Lutherans brought the decorated Christmas tree with them; the Moravians put lighted candles on those trees." When decorating the Christmas tree, many individuals place a star at the top of the tree symbolizing the Star of Bethlehem, a fact recorded by The School Journal in 1897. Professor David Albert Jones of Oxford University writes that in the 19th century, it became popular for people to also use an angel to top the Christmas tree in order to symbolize the angels mentioned in the accounts of the Nativity of Jesus. In discussions of folkore, some claim that the Christmas tree is a Christianization of pagan tradition and ritual surrounding the winter solstice, which included the use of evergreen boughs, and an adaptation of pagan tree worship; according to eighth-century biographer Æddi Stephanus, Saint Boniface (634–709), who was a missionary in Germany, took an axe to an oak tree dedicated to Thor and pointed out a fir tree, which he stated was a more fitting object of reverence because it pointed to heaven and it had a triangular shape, which he said was symbolic of the Trinity. However, the English-language phrase "Christmas tree" is first recorded in 1835 and represents an importation from the German language. From Germany the custom was introduced to England, first via Queen Charlotte, wife of George III, and then more successfully by Prince Albert during the early reign of Queen Victoria. The influential 1840s image of the Queen's decorated evergreen was republished in the U.S, and as the first widely circulated picture of a decorated Christmas tree in America, the custom there spread. Christmas trees may be decorated with lights and ornaments. | A Christmas tree inside a home. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/User_Zink_Dawg_2009_Christmas_Tree.jpg | 468 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY", "Image Model": "KODAK EASYSHARE C713 ZOOM DIGITAL CAMERA", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "480", "Image YResolution": "480", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "KODAK EASYSHARE C713 ZOOM DIGITAL CAMERA", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "244", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "13682", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "4824", "EXIF ExposureTime": "112871/1000000", "EXIF FNumber": "27/10", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "160", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2008:12:25 23:15:07", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2008:12:25 23:15:07", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "157/50", "EXIF ApertureValue": "143/50", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "143/50", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "6", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "1280", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "960", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "13530", "EXIF ExposureIndex": "160", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "36", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "Low gain up", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF SubjectDistanceRange": "0", "EXIF OffsetSchema": "-108"} | 570 | 958 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Nontron | Arrondissement of Nontron | null | Arrondissement of Nontron | Deutsch: Lage des Arrondissements Nontron | Location within the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine | true | false | The arrondissement of Nontron is an arrondissement of France in the Dordogne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It has 94 communes. Its population is 54,758, and its area is 2,097.7 km². | The arrondissement of Nontron is an arrondissement of France in the Dordogne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It has 94 communes. Its population is 54,758 (2016), and its area is 2,097.7 km² (809.9 sq mi). | Location within the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine | 431 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 2,500 | 2,871 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_works_by_Gian_Lorenzo_Bernini | List of works by Gian Lorenzo Bernini | Works | List of works by Gian Lorenzo Bernini / Works | Italiano: Roma, chiesa dei santi Domenico e Sisto (Angelicum) - Noli me tangere (Antonio Raggi su disegno di Gian Lorenzo Bernini | null | false | false | The following is a list of works of sculpture, architecture, and painting by the Italian Baroque artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini. The numbering follows Rudolph Wittkower's Catalogue, first published in 1955 in Gian Lorenzo Bernini: The Sculptor of the Roman Baroque. | null | Life-size figures | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Monti_-_ss_Domenico_e_Sisto_-_Noli_me_tangere_1110288.JPG | 461 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageWidth": "2112", "Image ImageLength": "2816", "Image BitsPerSample": "[8, 8, 8]", "Image PhotometricInterpretation": "2", "Image Make": "Panasonic", "Image Model": "DMC-FX01", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image SamplesPerPixel": "3", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS5 Windows", "Image DateTime": "2013:08:22 22:00:25", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image PrintIM": "[80, 114, 105, 110, 116, 73, 77, 0, 48, 50, 53, 48, 0, 0, 14, 0, 1, 0, 22, 0, ... ]", "Image ExifOffset": "504", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "1126", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "7241", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/8", "EXIF FNumber": "14/5", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "200", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2008:12:08 11:41:49", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2008:12:08 11:41:49", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "4", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "3", "EXIF ApertureValue": "1485427/500000", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "33/100", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "3", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "23/5", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2112", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "2816", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "28", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "Low gain up", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal"} | 2,112 | 2,816 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kog%C4%83lniceanu_family | Kogălniceanu family | Mihail Kogălniceanu and successors | Kogălniceanu family / Mihail Kogălniceanu and successors | Mihail Kogălniceanu | null | false | false | The Kogălniceanu, Kogălniceanul or Cogâlniceanu family was one of the major political, intellectual and aristocratic families in Moldavia, with branches in modern Romania. Originally Bessarabian peasants, the first Kogălniceanus accumulated wealth and, as owners of the Scrivulenii estate, climbed into the boyar elite. They were also important as skilled members of the Moldavian bureaucracy, and, through brothers Constantin and Enache, also made contributions to 18th-century Romanian literature. Their work was matched and surpassed three generations later by possibly the most famous member of the family, historian and statesman Mihail Kogălniceanu, one of the founders of modern Romania and of Romanian liberalism.
Some of the 20th-century Kogălniceanus were politically significant, supporting either the Conservative or People's Parties. Among the latter category, Mihail's son Vasile Kogălniceanu is chiefly remembered for his activism in support of land reform. A generation later, the Kogălniceanu male line had almost died out, but, through the female descendants, the family had become related to other important political clans: the Sturdzas, the Ghicas etc. | Mihail Kogălniceanu (1817–1891), the son of Ilie and Catinca, was a leading figure in 19th-century politics, credited as one of the founders of modern Romania and of its modern liberal movement. Educated abroad, with a wide range of intellectual contributions (historiography, education, political journalism, works for the stage etc.), he openly demanded modernization and the unification of all Romanians within and without Moldavia. In youth, Kogălniceanu was doctrinaire of the 1848 Moldavian Revolution, an abortive rising against the conservative establishment of Prince Sturdza, and became a fugitive; he returned later as aide to the liberal Prince Grigore Alexandru Ghica, and engineered some of the major reforms of the 1850s, including the abolition of slavery (1855). In 1859, as an activist of the National Party, he helped bring about the Moldo-Wallachian union of 1859, and thereafter served Domnitor Alexander John Cuza as government minister. He was one of the statesmen directly involved in drafting and imposing the land reforms of the 1860s, then, as Prime Minister of Romania, helped proclaim Romanian independence (1877). He is also remembered for leading the moderate, liberal conservative, wing of the National Liberal Party, which he helped establish in 1875.
Mihail Kogălniceanu was married Ecaterina Jora (1827–1907), widow of Colonel Iorgu Scorţescu, and had at least eight children from her. The statesman's favorite was daughter Lucia (or Lucie). She had four children from her marriage to A. Vârnav-Liteanu, and two more from her second husband, Gheorghe Beldiman. Her final marriage, to Romanian dandy and Conservative Party man Leon Bogdan, produced two daughters. During and after this last marriage, she was involved in rallying support for the Conservatives and, later, the People's Party, as one of the few women of that time to openly engage in political battles; she was also a noted philanthropist. Of her progeny, daughter Lucia Vârnav-Liteanu married administrator Constantin Crupenschi. Through her son Alexandru Crupenschi's marriage with heiress Magdalena Sturdza, the Kogălniceanu descendants were intermarried with the Sturdza clan. Of Lucia Kogălniceanu's other daughters, Ana married an "Earl of Rome" (Count Russell-Killough), and Manuela a Ghica landowner.
A Conservative Party politico and notoriously rich captain of industry, Mihail's nephew Grigore Kogălniceanu (d. 1904) married Adela Cantacuzino-Paşcanu of the Cantacuzino aristocrats. She survived him by 16 years, playing the eccentric host to Iaşi's high society, before falling victim to an unsolved burglary-homicide in 1920.
Mihail and Ecaterina Kogălniceanu had three sons. The oldest, Constantin, was a historian and diplomat. The youngest was Vasile Kogălniceanu (1863–1942). He was an expert in agronomy, an advocate of agrarian politics, and a proponent of universal suffrage, who was jailed by the authorities as instigator of the 1907 Peasants' Revolt. Elected to Parliament with People's Party support, he played a major part in the adoption of a new and extended land reform law.
Mihail Kogălniceanu's second son, Ion (1859–1892), was the only one to leave heirs. His wife Adela, a Sturdza boyaress, gave him two children: daughter Jeanne and son Mihail. The latter is remembered for setting up, in 1935, a cultural association dedicated to the preservation of his grandfather's cultural achievements (Mihail Kogălniceanu Foundation). The venture involved other members of the family (uncles Vasile and Constantin), with noted support from literary and political figures: Nicolae Iorga, Mihail Sadoveanu, Gheorghe Tătărescu, Nicolae Titulescu, Gheorghe I. Brătianu, Ion Inculeţ etc.
Mihail and his first wife Ana Leonida, a member of the aristocratic Yarka family, had a son, Ionel Kogălniceanu. From his second wife, Irina (Nineta) Duca, Mihail had Ilie Kogălniceanu, who, in 2001, was the only bearer of the Kogălniceanu surname. Both he and his mother were close to famed Romanian composer George Enescu and to Enescu's aristocratic muse Maruca Cantacuzino, both of whom | Mihail Kogălniceanu's portrait, in old age | 472 | 1 | success | null | 307 | 410 | {} | 307 | 410 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_wrap | Plastic wrap | null | Plastic wrap | English: PVC film can be of different colours, but it's natural colour is champagne colour. | null | false | true | Plastic wrap, cling film, Saran wrap, cling wrap or food wrap is a thin plastic film typically used for sealing food items in containers to keep them fresh over a longer period of time. Plastic wrap, typically sold on rolls in boxes with a cutting edge, clings to many smooth surfaces and can thus remain tight over the opening of a container without adhesive. Common plastic wrap is roughly 0.0005 inches thick. The trend has been to produce thinner plastic wrap, particularly for household use, so now the majority of brands on shelves around the world are 8, 9 or 10 μm thick. | Plastic wrap, cling film, Saran wrap, cling wrap or food wrap is a thin plastic film typically used for sealing food items in containers to keep them fresh over a longer period of time. Plastic wrap, typically sold on rolls in boxes with a cutting edge, clings to many smooth surfaces and can thus remain tight over the opening of a container without adhesive. Common plastic wrap is roughly 0.0005 inches (12.7 μm) thick. The trend has been to produce thinner plastic wrap, particularly for household use (where very little stretch is needed), so now the majority of brands on shelves around the world are 8, 9 or 10 μm thick. | A roll of plastic wrap | 469 | 1 | success | null | 472 | 500 | {} | 472 | 500 |
|
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States) | Democratic Party (United States) | Other famous Democratic Politicians | Democratic Party (United States) / Other famous Democratic Politicians | New York City Mayoral front runner Bill de Blasio | null | false | true | The United States Democratic Party is one of the two biggest political parties in the United States of America. The other is the Republican Party. The U.S. also has several smaller political parties known as third parties. Supporters of this party are known as Democrats.
Every four years the party holds a National Convention where they agree on their candidate for President. The Democratic National Committee coordinates most of the activities of the Democratic Party in all 50 United States. There have been 14 Democratic presidents, the most recent being Barack Obama, who was President from 2009 to 2017. The Democratic Party represents a broad spectrum of leftist ideologies, including classic liberalism, social democracy, progressivism, and socialism. | Joe Biden (Delaware), former Vice President, former Senator and Presidential nominee
John Kerry (Massachusetts), former Secretary of State, former Senator, former Presidential nominee
Patrick Leahy (Vermont), former President Pro Tempore, Senator, and Dean of the Senate
Hillary Clinton (New York), former Secretary of State, former Senator, former First Lady, former Presidential nominee
Jim Clyburn (South Carolina), Representative and Assistant Democratic Leader
Howard Dean (Vermont), former Governor and former head of the Democratic National Committee
Christopher Dodd (Connecticut), former Senator
Mario Cuomo (New York), former Governor
Dick Durbin (Illinois), Senate Whip
George Moscone (California), former Mayor of San Francisco
Chuck Schumer (New York), Senator and Senate Minority Leader.
Harvey Milk (California), Member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors
William M. Daley (Illinois), candidate for Governor of Illinois, former White House Chief of Staff
Frank Lautenberg (New Jersey), former Senator
Pat Quinn, Governor of Illinois
Paul Simon (Illinois), former Senator
Arlen Specter (Pennsylvania), former Senator
Bob Menendez (New Jersey), Senator
Richard M. Daley (Illinois), former Mayor of Chicago
John Edwards (North Carolina), former Senator and Vice-Presidential candidate
Richard J. Daley (Illinois), former Mayor of Chicago
Al Gore (Tennessee), former Presidential candidate and Vice-President
Robert F. Kennedy, former Senator, former Presidential candidate, and brother of John F. Kennedy
Daniel Inouye (Hawaii), former President Pro Tempore, former Senator, and former Dean of the Senate
Steny Hoyer (Maryland), House Minority Whip
Robert Byrd (West Virginia), former President Pro Tempore, former Senator, and former Dean of the Senate
Tim Kaine (Virginia), Governor, 2016 vice presidential nominee and former head of the Democratic National Committee
Dennis Kucinich (Ohio), Representative
Janet Napolitano (Arizona), Secretary of Homeland Security
Nancy Pelosi (California), Speaker of the House
Kamala Harris, Senator from California
Brian Schweitzer (Montana), former Governor
Harry Reid (Nevada), former Senate Minority Leader
Rahm Emanuel (Illinois), Mayor of Chicago, former White House Chief of Staff
Harry F. Byrd, Jr. (Virginia), former Senator
Bill Richardson (New Mexico), Governor
Debbie Wasserman Schultz (Florida), Representative and former head of the Democratic National Committee
Eliot Spitzer (New York), former Governor
Mark Warner (Virginia), Senator and former Governor
George Wallace (Alabama), 45th Governor of Alabama
Elizabeth Warren, Senator from Massachusetts | Bill de Blasio, the 109th and current Mayor of New York City | 471 | 1 | success | null | 445 | 600 | {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon EOS 5D Mark II", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "240", "Image YResolution": "240", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 5.0 (Macintosh)", "Image DateTime": "2013:11:02 16:36:05", "Image Artist": "Kevin Case", "Image Copyright": "\u00a92013 Kevin Case", "Image ExifOffset": "282", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/500", "EXIF FNumber": "14/5", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Aperture Priority", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "100", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0230", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2013:11:02 12:47:09", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2013:11:02 12:47:09", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "8123/906", "EXIF ApertureValue": "2956/995", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "3", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "165", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "90", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "90", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "445", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "600", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "127024/33", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "605762/155", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Manual", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF LensSpecification": "[70, 200, 0, 0]", "EXIF LensModel": "EF70-200mm f/2.8L IS II USM"} | 445 | 600 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie_D._Gottlieb | Leslie D. Gottlieb | Quantum speciation | Leslie D. Gottlieb / Research / Quantum speciation | English: Layia glandulosa — Whitedaisy tidytips. On Cima Dome near Teutonia Peak, Mojave National Preserve, Mojave Desert, California. | null | false | true | Leslie D. Gottlieb was a US biologist described by the Botanical Society of America as "one of the most influential plant evolutionary biologists over the past several decades.". He was employed at the University of California, Davis for 34 years, and published widely. In addition to his primary work in plant genetics, Gottlieb was an advocate for rare and endangered plant conservation. | Gottlieb was occupied with new species formation via "quantum speciation" throughout his career. As defined by Verne Grant, and cited by Gottlieb in his 2003 summary of the subject in plants "we can define quantum speciation as the budding off of a new and very different daughter species from a semi-isolated peripheral population of the ancestral species in a cross-fertilizing organism...as compared with geographical speciation, which is a gradual and conservative process, quantum speciation is rapid and radical in its phenotypic or genotypic effects or both." Grant thought that it would be accompanied by inbreeding in the founder population. Therefore, "quantum speciation" would be related to, if not identical with, in Gottlieb's use of the term, sympatric speciation. In fact Gottlieb's first publication on "sympatric speciation" in Stephanomeria', published in 1971, was summarised by him in the above 2003 paper on "quantum speciation." Gottlieb did not believe that sympatric speciation required disruptive selection to form a reproductive isolating barrier, as defined by Grant, and in fact Gottlieb stated that requiring disruptive selection was "unnecessarily restrictive" in identifying cases of sympatric speciation.
In terminology used by Gottlieb, "progenitor species " would be the parental or "ancestral" species and the newly formed daughter species was "derived."
In his first study of progenitor-derivative pairs of species, Gottlieb examined the diploid, geographically limited, self-pollinating derived species Stephanomeria malheurensis with the diploid, geographically widespread obligate outcrossing ancestral species Stephanomeria exicua ssp. coronaria. In this case the reproductive isolating barrier was probably a change from outcrossing to selfing, and was maintained by this and a high degree of inter-specific sterility with ssp. coronaria as a result of chromosomal structural differences. Using what was then the most modern molecular technique, starch gel electrophoresis, to determine the genetics of populations Gottlieb found that S. malheurensis had a subset of the genetic variability of ssp. coronaria. This, as well as its geographical close proximity, led Gottlieb to propose that S. malhurensis was a product of "quantum speciation." Additionally, S. malheurensis was found to be much less adapted to the local habitat than ssp. coronaria (hence the name malhurensis, which in French, "Malheur" means unhappiness or misfortune), indicating that it was probably not formed by disruptive selection.
In his second study of progenitor-derivative pairs of species, Gottlieb looked at the putative progenitor diploid Clarkia rubicunda and its hypothesized derivative, diploid C. franciscana. In 1958 Lews and Raven hypothesized that C. franciscana, which was highly self-pollinating and geographically limited, was derived from the outcrossing and more widespread C. rubicunda by large chromosomal structural rearrangements. Lewis and Raven hypothesized that C. franciscana had rapidly speciated from C. rubicunda by a mechanism Harlan Lewis called "catastrophic selection." As with Stephanomeria, Gottlieb hypothesized that if C. franciscana was a derived species by "rapid speciation," then the derived species should have a genetic compliment that is similar to its progenitor, "i.e., possess few novel alleles." In fact, Gottlieb found that C. franciscana was genetically distinct from C. rubicunda; it did not, as expected, have a subset of the genes found in C. rubicunda. A subsequent analysis published in 1992 on another population of C. franciscana, unknown to Gottlieb 20 years earlier, led to similar conclusions. Importantly Gottlieb ended his 1973 study of C. franciscana by stating: "To strengthen phylogenetic analyses of rapid speciation, the criterion is proposed that a species accepted as having had a rapid and recent origin by chromosomal reorganization be substantially similar to its progenitor upon electrophoretic examination." In this context Gottlieb equated "electrophoretic examination" with genetic examinati | Layia glandulosa | 470 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Panasonic", "Image Model": "DMC-FZ20", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop Elements 3.0 Macintosh", "Image DateTime": "2008:10:18 06:57:20", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image PrintIM": "[80, 114, 105, 110, 116, 73, 77, 0, 48, 50, 53, 48, 0, 0, 14, 0, 1, 0, 22, 0, ... ]", "Image ExifOffset": "448", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "1030", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "7969", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/1000", "EXIF FNumber": "23/5", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "80", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2006:04:22 07:23:24", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2006:04:22 07:23:24", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "4", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "-1", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "3", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "6", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "Uncalibrated", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "1000", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1314", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "36", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "None", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal"} | 1,000 | 1,314 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leavitt_(crater) | Leavitt (crater) | null | Leavitt (crater) | English: LROC . Leavitt at center, satellite Z on top. The prominent peak seen at right is part of eastern South Pole - Aitken Basin inner ring. | null | false | true | Leavitt is a crater on the far side of the Moon. It is a moderately eroded crater, but only a few minor craterlets lie along the edge and interior. Most of these features lie within the northern half of the crater, but the largest lies along the southern inner wall. The crater has a low central ridge near the midpoint. There is a patch of higher-albedo material along the eastern rim, centered on a tiny craterlet.
Nearly attached to the northern outer rim is the satellite crater Leavitt Z, a formation that appears similar to Leavitt but somewhat more worn. Less than two crater diameters to the northwest of Leavitt is the huge walled plain Apollo. To the northeast is the crater Buffon.
The crater is named after Henrietta Swan Leavitt, a Harvard astronomer. The crater was named to honor deaf people, like Leavitt, who have made substantial contributions to science. Leavitt was a major figure in the history of astronomy, providing the key to determining the size of the cosmos, and changing the face of modern astronomy. She propounded her theory while working as a $10.50-a-week assistant at the Harvard College Observatory. | Leavitt is a crater on the far side of the Moon. It is a moderately eroded crater, but only a few minor craterlets lie along the edge and interior. Most of these features lie within the northern half of the crater, but the largest lies along the southern inner wall. The crater has a low central ridge near the midpoint. There is a patch of higher-albedo material along the eastern rim, centered on a tiny craterlet.
Nearly attached to the northern outer rim is the satellite crater Leavitt Z, a formation that appears similar to Leavitt but somewhat more worn. Less than two crater diameters to the northwest of Leavitt is the huge walled plain Apollo. To the northeast is the crater Buffon.
The crater is named after Henrietta Swan Leavitt, a Harvard astronomer. The crater was named to honor deaf people, like Leavitt, who have made substantial contributions to science. Leavitt was a major figure in the history of astronomy, providing the key to determining the size of the cosmos, and changing the face of modern astronomy. She propounded her theory while working as a $10.50-a-week assistant at the Harvard College Observatory. | LRO image of Leavitt (left center) and Leavitt Z (top left) | 473 | 1 | success | null | 425 | 425 | {} | 425 | 425 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin | Berlin | 20th to 21st centuries | Berlin / History / 20th to 21st centuries | English: Potsdamer Platz, Berlin, 1945. On the left the Columbushaus, on the right the ruin of Hotel Fürstenhof. Canadian soldiers in the jeep. Deutsch: Der Potsdamer Platz 1945. Links das Columbushaus, rechts die Ruine des Hotels Fürstenhof Русский: Потсдамская площадь, восемь недель после окончания войны. Français : Jeep canadienne à l'avant-plan, à gauche, place Potsdam. Berlin. Español: Potsdamer Platz en Berlín, 1945. A la izquierda, el "Columbushaus", en el centro el "Palast-Hotel" y a la derecha, los restos del hotel "Fürstenhof". Soldados canadiendes en el jeep. Türkçe: Potsdamer Platz, Berlin, 1945. Solda "Columbushaus", sağda ise Fürstenhof otelinin kalıntıları görünüyor. Üstü açık cipin içinde ise Kanadalı askerler görünüyor. | null | false | true | Berlin is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3,769,495 inhabitants make it the most populous city proper of the European Union. The city is one of Germany's 16 federal states. It is surrounded by the state of Brandenburg, and contiguous with Potsdam, Brandenburg's capital. The two cities are at the center of the Berlin-Brandenburg capital region, which is, with about six million inhabitants and an area of more than 30,000 km², Germany's third-largest metropolitan region after the Rhine-Ruhr and Rhine-Main regions.
Berlin straddles the banks of the River Spree, which flows into the River Havel in the western borough of Spandau. Among the city's main topographical features are the many lakes in the western and southeastern boroughs formed by the Spree, Havel, and Dahme rivers. Due to its location in the European Plain, Berlin is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. About one-third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks, gardens, rivers, canals and lakes. The city lies in the Central German dialect area, the Berlin dialect being a variant of the Lusatian-New Marchian dialects. | In the early 20th century, Berlin had become a fertile ground for the German Expressionist movement. In fields such as architecture, painting and cinema new forms of artistic styles were invented. At the end of the First World War in 1918, a republic was proclaimed by Philipp Scheidemann at the Reichstag building. In 1920, the Greater Berlin Act incorporated dozens of suburban cities, villages and estates around Berlin into an expanded city. The act increased the area of Berlin from 66 to 883 km² (25 to 341 sq mi). The population almost doubled and Berlin had a population of around four million. During the Weimar era, Berlin underwent political unrest due to economic uncertainties, but also became a renowned centre of the Roaring Twenties. The metropolis experienced its heyday as a major world capital and was known for its leadership roles in science, technology, arts, the humanities, city planning, film, higher education, government and industries. Albert Einstein rose to public prominence during his years in Berlin, being awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921.
In 1933, Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party came to power. NSDAP rule diminished Berlin's Jewish community from 160,000 (one-third of all Jews in the country) to about 80,000 as a result of emigration between 1933 and 1939. After Kristallnacht in 1938, thousands of the city's Jews were imprisoned in the nearby Sachsenhausen concentration camp. Starting in early 1943, many were shipped to death camps, such as Auschwitz. Berlin is the most heavily bombed city in history. During World War II, large parts of Berlin were destroyed during 1943–45 Allied air raids and the 1945 Battle of Berlin. The Allies dropped 67,607 tons of bombs on the city, destroying 6,427 acres of the built up area. Around 125,000 civilians were killed. After the end of the war in Europe in May 1945, Berlin received large numbers of refugees from the Eastern provinces. The victorious powers divided the city into four sectors, analogous to the occupation zones into which Germany was divided. The sectors of the Western Allies (the United States, the United Kingdom and France) formed West Berlin, while the Soviet sector formed East Berlin.
All four Allies shared administrative responsibilities for Berlin. However, in 1948, when the Western Allies extended the currency reform in the Western zones of Germany to the three western sectors of Berlin, the Soviet Union imposed a blockade on the access routes to and from West Berlin, which lay entirely inside Soviet-controlled territory. The Berlin airlift, conducted by the three western Allies, overcame this blockade by supplying food and other supplies to the city from June 1948 to May 1949. In 1949, the Federal Republic of Germany was founded in West Germany and eventually included all of the American, British and French zones, excluding those three countries' zones in Berlin, while the Marxist-Leninist German Democratic Republic was proclaimed in East Germany. West Berlin officially remained an occupied city, but it politically was aligned with the Federal Republic of Germany despite West Berlin's geographic isolation. Airline service to West Berlin was granted only to American, British and French airlines.
The founding of the two German states increased Cold War tensions. West Berlin was surrounded by East German territory, and East Germany proclaimed the Eastern part as its capital, a move the western powers did not recognize. East Berlin included most of the city's historic centre. The West German government established itself in Bonn. In 1961, East Germany began to build the Berlin Wall around West Berlin, and events escalated to a tank standoff at Checkpoint Charlie. West Berlin was now de facto a part of West Germany with a unique legal status, while East Berlin was de facto a part of East Germany. John F. Kennedy gave his "Ich bin ein Berliner" speech in 1963, underlining the US support for the Western part of the city. Berlin was completely divided. Although it was possible for Westerners to pass to the other side through strictly controlled | Berlin in ruins after World War II (Potsdamer Platz, 1945) | 478 | 1 | success | null | 640 | 449 | {} | 640 | 449 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J_%C3%81lvarez | J Álvarez | null | J Álvarez | English: J Alvarez Icebox 2019 | J Álvarez in a tan jacket, wearing shades and a cap | true | true | Javid David Álvarez Fernández known artistically as J Alvarez is a Puerto Rican reggaeton singer, best known for hit singles such as "Junto Al Amanecer", "La Pregunta", and "Esa Boquita". Both of his parents are immigrants from the Dominican Republic and moved to Puerto Rico before Alvarez was born. | Javid David Álvarez Fernández (born December 13, 1983) known artistically as J Alvarez is a Puerto Rican reggaeton singer, best known for hit singles such as "Junto Al Amanecer", "La Pregunta", and "Esa Boquita". Both of his parents are immigrants from the Dominican Republic and moved to Puerto Rico before Alvarez was born. | J Álvarez in a tan jacket, wearing shades and a cap | 475 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Tag 0x000B": "Windows Photo Editor 10.0.10011.16384", "Image Make": "SONY", "Image Model": "ILCE-7SM2", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Windows Photo Editor 10.0.10011.16384", "Image DateTime": "2019:12:24 17:18:26", "Image ExifOffset": "2334", "Image Padding": "[]", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "96", "Thumbnail YResolution": "96", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "5108", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "14085", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/100", "EXIF FNumber": "4", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Manual", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "500", "EXIF SensitivityType": "Recommended Exposure Index", "EXIF RecommendedExposureIndex": "500", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0230", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2019:01:25 17:27:21", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2019:01:25 17:27:21", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "415241/62500", "EXIF ApertureValue": "4", "EXIF BrightnessValue": "191/40", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "4", "EXIF MeteringMode": "CenterWeightedAverage", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "70", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "38690215/32768", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "38690215/32768", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "3", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Manual Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "70", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF Contrast": "Soft", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Hard", "EXIF LensSpecification": "[24, 70, 4, 4]", "EXIF LensModel": "FE 24-70mm F4 ZA OSS", "EXIF Padding": "[]"} | 1,191 | 1,500 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vauclaix | Vauclaix | null | Vauclaix | Français : Mairie de la commune de Vauclaix (Nièvre) | The town hall in Vauclaix | true | false | Vauclaix is a commune in the Nièvre department in central France. | Vauclaix is a commune in the Nièvre department in central France. | The town hall in Vauclaix | 480 | 1 | success | null | 600 | 450 | {} | 600 | 450 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Baker_(headmaster) | William Baker (headmaster) | null | William Baker (headmaster) | Men of the Day No.804: Caricature of The Rev William Baker DD (1841-1910). Head Master of Merchant Taylor's (1870-1900). Born in Reigate in 1841 and educated at MTS and St. John's College, Oxford. Caption reads: "M.T.S." | null | false | true | Rev. William Baker D.D. was headmaster at Merchant Taylors' School for three decades.
Baker matriculated on 25 June 1860 at St John's College, Oxford and received there B.A. in 1864, M.A. in 1868, B.D. in 1871, and D.D. in 1874. He was headmaster of Merchant Taylors' School from 1870 to 1900 and became prebendary at St Paul's Cathedral in 1880. During his tenure as headmaster of Merchant Taylors' School, chemistry and physics were introduced into the curriculum, and a new science building was completed in 1891. Biology, per Baker's proposal, was introduced in 1900 into the curriculum as an extra.
Baker's 1895 textbook Latin and Greek verse translations is a collection of 100 translations of English verse into Latin or Greek verse. Many of the textbook's exercises are derived from Baker's "solutions" to the University of Oxford's scholarship examinations in verse composition.
He married in 1870; the marriage produced a son and a daughter. | Rev. William Baker D.D. (18 December 1841, in Reigate – 1910) was headmaster at Merchant Taylors' School (MTS) for three decades.
Baker matriculated on 25 June 1860 at St John's College, Oxford and received there B.A. in 1864, M.A. in 1868, B.D. in 1871, and D.D. in 1874. He was headmaster of Merchant Taylors' School from 1870 to 1900 and became prebendary at St Paul's Cathedral in 1880. During his tenure as headmaster of Merchant Taylors' School, chemistry and physics were introduced into the curriculum, and a new science building was completed in 1891. Biology, per Baker's proposal, was introduced in 1900 into the curriculum as an extra.
Baker's 1895 textbook Latin and Greek verse translations is a collection of 100 translations of English verse into Latin or Greek verse. Many of the textbook's exercises are derived from Baker's "solutions" to the University of Oxford's scholarship examinations in verse composition.
He married in 1870; the marriage produced a son and a daughter. | "MTS". Rev. William Baker by "wag" (Arthur George Witherby) in Vanity Fair, 21 March 1901 | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/William_Baker%2C_Vanity_Fair%2C_1901-03-21.jpg | 474 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 650 | 1,043 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970 | 1970 | August | 1970 / Deaths / August | English: Otto Heinrich Warburg | null | false | true | 1970 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1970th year of the Common Era and Anno Domini designations, the 970th year of the 2nd millennium, the 70th year of the 20th century, and the 1st year of the 1970s decade. | August 1
Delia Akeley, American explorer (b. 1875)
Frances Farmer, American actress and television host (b. 1913)
Giuseppe Pizzardo, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1877)
Otto Heinrich Warburg, German physician and physiologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate (b. 1883)
August 10 –Victor W. Voorhees, American architect (b. 1876)
August 18 – Soledad Miranda, Spanish actress (b. 1943)
August 19 – Efisio Melis, Sardinian folk musician (b. 1890)
August 20 – Zeki Velidi Togan, Turkish historian (b. 1890)
August 22 – Vladimir Propp, Soviet folklorist (b. 1895)
August 23 – Abdallah Khalil, 3rd Prime Minister of Sudan (b. 1892)
August 30
Thomas Hunton, Royal Marines officer (b. 1885)
William McCance, Scottish artist (b. 1894) | Otto Heinrich Warburg | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Otto_Warburg.jpg | 482 | 1 | success | null | 280 | 396 | {} | 280 | 396 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2C-G | 2C-G | Homologs | 2C-G / Homologs | English: Chemical structure of 2C-G-3-Chemdraw | null | false | true | 2C-G is a psychedelic phenethylamine of the 2C family. First synthesized by Alexander Shulgin, it is sometimes used as an entheogen. It has structural and pharmacodynamic properties similar to 2C-D and Ganesha. Like many of the phenethylamines in PiHKAL, 2C-G and its homologs have only been taken by Shulgin and a small test group, making it difficult to ensure completeness when describing effects. | Several homologs of 2C-G were also synthesized by Shulgin. These include 2C-G-3, 2C-G-5, and 2C-G-N. Some, such as 2C-G-1, 2C-G-2, 2C-G-4, and 2C-G-6 are possible to synthesize in principle but impossible or extraordinarily difficult to do so in practice. | 2C-G-3 | 487 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 1,037 | 764 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oradea | Oradea | History | Oradea / History | null | null | false | false | Oradea is a city in Romania, located in Crișana, a sub-region of Transylvania. Seat of the Bihor county, Oradea is one of the most important economic, social and cultural centers in the western part of Romania. The city is located in the north-west of the country, nestled between hills on the Crișana plain, on the banks of the Crișul Repede River, that divides the city into almost equal halves.
Located about 10 km from Borș, one of the most important crossing points on Romania's border with Hungary, Oradea ranks tenth in size among Romanian cities. It covers an area of 11,556 hectares, in an area of contact between the extensions of the Apuseni Mountains and the Crișana-Banat extended plain.
Oradea enjoys a high standard of living relative to other Romanian cities and ranks among the most livable cities in the country. The city is also a strong industrial center in the region, hosting some of Romania's largest companies. Besides its status as an economic hub, Oradea boasts a rich Art Nouveau architectural heritage and is a member of the Réseau Art Nouveau Network. | While modern Oradea is first mentioned in 1113, under the Latin name "Varadinum" in a diploma belonging to Benedictine Zobor Abbey – Bishop Sixtus Varadiensis and Saul de Bychar are mentioned in the document – recent archaeological findings, in and around the city, provide evidence of a more or less continuous habitation since the Neolithic. The Dacians and Celts also inhabited the region. After the conquest of Dacia the Romans established a presence in the area, most notably in the Salca district of the city and modern day Băile Felix. According to the Gesta Hungarorum, a Hungarian chronicle written after 1150 by an unidentified author, referred to as Anonymus, the region was ruled by Menumorut at the end of the 9th and beginning of the 10th centuries, until the Hungarian land-taking. Its citadel was centred at Biharea. Historians debate whether Menumorut was an actual ruler or a fictional character created by the author, since the Gesta tells of multiple figures, including Menumorut, who are not identified in any other primary sources, and does not name any of the enemies of the invading Hungarians written of in other contemporary accounts of the invasion. According to Anonymus, Menumorut's duchy was populated primarily with Khazars and Székelys, and he acknowledged the suzerainty of the (unnamed) ruling Byzantine Emperor at the time.
In the 11th century when St. King Ladislaus I of Hungary founded a bishopric settlement near the city of Oradea, the present Roman Catholic Diocese of Oradea. The city flourished both economically and culturally during the 13th century as part of the Kingdom of Hungary. It was at this time that the Citadel of Oradea, first mentioned in 1241 during the Mongol invasion, was first built. It would be destroyed and rebuilt several times over the course of following centuries. The 14th and 15th centuries would prove to be of the most prosperous periods in the city's history up to that point. Many works of art would be added to the city, including: statues of St. Stephen, Emeric and Ladislaus (before 1372) and the equestrian sculpture of St. King Ladislaus I (1390) were erected in Oradea. St. Ladislaus' fabled statue was the first proto-renaissance public square equestrian in Europe. Bishop Andreas Báthori (1329–1345) rebuilt the Cathedral in Gothic style. From that epoch dates also the Hermes, now preserved at Győr, which contains the skull of St. Ladislaus, and which is a masterpiece of the Hungarian goldsmith's art.
It was at this time that astronomer Georg von Peuerbach wrote his Tabula Varadiensis, published posthumously in 1464, at (?) the Observatory of Varadinum, establishing the city's observatory as the Earth's point of reference and prime meridian.
In 1474, the city was captured by the Turks after a protracted siege. Their mostly tolerant policies towards others peoples ensured that the city would become an ethnic mosaic of Romanians, Hungarians, Austrians, Slovaks, Ruthenians and Turks, causing Oradea to grow as an urban area starting with the 16th century.
After the Ottoman invasion of Hungary, in the 16th century, the city became a constant point of contention between the Principality of Transylvania, the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg Monarchy. The Peace of Várad was concluded between Emperor Ferdinand I and John Zápolya here on 4 February 1538, in which they mutually recognized each other as legitimate monarchs.
The Ottomans laid siege to the city in 1598, however the siege failed. After the Treaty of Vienna (1606), the city was permanently incorporated in the Principality of Transylvania by imperial decree.
As a result of Gyorgy Rakoczi II's, at the time Prince of Transylvania failed attempt to gain the throne of Poland the Ottomans sent yet another punitive expedition against him and his Wallachian and Moldavian allies. In 1660 the Ottomans, with a force of 45,000 men, besieged the city for the last time. The 850 defenders managed to hold out for 46 days, but eventually the city fell on 27 August due to internal treachery. The Ottomans designated the city as the capital of the | Map of Oradea in 1897 | 481 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 1,785 | 1,200 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maine_Maritime_Museum | Maine Maritime Museum | Campus | Maine Maritime Museum / Campus | English: Grand Banks schooner SHERMAN ZWICKER and the schooner WYOMING evocation | null | false | true | The Maine Maritime Museum, formerly the Bath Marine Museum, offers exhibits about Maine's maritime heritage, culture and the role Maine has played in regional and global maritime activities. The Maine Maritime Museum has a large and quirky collection, made up of more than 20,000 documents, artifacts and pieces of artwork and includes an extensive research library.
The museum is set on a scenic active waterfront on the banks of the Kennebec River and includes the historic Percy and Small Shipyard with five original 19th-century buildings, a Victorian-era shipyard owner's home and New England's largest sculpture – a full size representation of the largest wooden sailing vessel ever built, the six-masted schooner Wyoming. | In the 1980s the museum resided in two sites, and a 20-minute ferry transported visitors between the two locations.
In 1987 a $7 million construction project to build a new home for the museum one mile from the museum's campus was in progress. The new location includes the Percy & Small Shipyard, preserving the nation's only surviving wooden shipbuilding site. Winton Scott Architects designed the current Maine Maritime Museum gallery building. In 1987, Elizabeth B. Noyce donated $3.5 million towards the construction on the museum's building. The building was completed in 1989 to a size of 30,000 square feet. In 2010 it was reported the museum underwent a renovation to address water issues arising out of a design flaw in the roof.
The museum’s campus is dominated by a sculpture, designed to reflect the Wyoming, which was the largest wooden vessel ever built in the United States. The Wyoming sank in 1924, but in an effort to connect Maine visitors with the seafaring past and raise the profile of the museum, a full-scale sculptural installation was erected in 2001 to celebrate the ship. The sculpture is almost 600 feet of empty space- which encourages viewer’s imagination to fill in the rest- and is made of white steel replicas of the Wyoming's bow and stern. The sculpture resides upon the area where the Wyoming was built, and amounts to one of the largest pieces of New England public art. In 2001 the museum raised $4 million through donations from the public and spent $300,000 from those funds on the sculpture.
The banks fishing schooner Sherman Zwicker operates from the museum site seasonally in a partnership arrangement with the museum. | Maine Maritime Museum Waterfront with the schooner Sherman Zwicker and Wyoming sculpture | 479 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon PowerShot SD600", "Image DateTime": "2006:07:20 08:56:53", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image Tag 0x1001": "2816", "Image Tag 0x1002": "2112", "Image ExifOffset": "146", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/1000", "EXIF FNumber": "4", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2006:07:20 08:56:53", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2006:07:20 08:56:53", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "3", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "319/32", "EXIF ApertureValue": "4", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "4", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, auto mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "303/25", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2816", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "2112", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "112640/9", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "2112000/169", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard"} | 2,275 | 1,049 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Frank_Foundation | Anne Frank Foundation | null | Anne Frank Foundation | English: The Anne Frank House alongside the Prinsengracht in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Nederlands: Het Anne Frank Huis aan de Prinsengracht in Amsterdam, Nederland. Français : La maison d'Anne Frank sur Prinsengracht à Amsterdam, Pays-Bas. | null | false | false | The Anne Frank Foundation is a foundation in the Netherlands originally established to maintain the Anne Frank House in Amsterdam. This foundation also advocates the fight against antisemitism and racism and publishes the Dutch annual Monitor Racisme en Extreem-rechts, in which the activities of present-day racists and extreme rightists are studied.
Outside the Netherlands, the Anne Frank Foundation organizes expositions and information on Anne Frank.
The Anne Frank Stichting was founded on 3 May 1957 to prevent the tearing down of the house in Amsterdam in which Anne Frank was hidden since 1942 during the German occupation of the Netherlands in the Second World War. In 1960 the Anne Frank Huis became a museum.
Director of the foundation was Hans Westra, who retired in 2011 and was followed by Ronald Leopold. | The Anne Frank Foundation (Dutch: Anne Frank Stichting) is a foundation in the Netherlands originally established to maintain the Anne Frank House in Amsterdam. This foundation also advocates the fight against antisemitism and racism and publishes the Dutch annual Monitor Racisme en Extreem-rechts (Racism and Extreme Right Monitor), in which the activities of present-day racists and extreme rightists are studied.
Outside the Netherlands, the Anne Frank Foundation organizes expositions and information on Anne Frank.
The Anne Frank Stichting was founded on 3 May 1957 to prevent the tearing down of the house in Amsterdam in which Anne Frank was hidden since 1942 during the German occupation of the Netherlands in the Second World War. In 1960 the Anne Frank Huis became a museum.
Director of the foundation was Hans Westra, who retired in 2011 and was followed by Ronald Leopold. | Anne Frank House (Amsterdam) | 457 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageWidth": "2562", "Image ImageLength": "3936", "Image BitsPerSample": "[8, 8, 8]", "Image Compression": "Uncompressed", "Image PhotometricInterpretation": "2", "Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon EOS 50D", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image SamplesPerPixel": "3", "Image XResolution": "240", "Image YResolution": "240", "Image PlanarConfiguration": "1", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS4 Macintosh", "Image DateTime": "2009:08:25 18:23:46", "Image ExifOffset": "300", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "838", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "8034", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/50", "EXIF FNumber": "9", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Manual", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "100", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2009:03:08 17:46:23", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2009:03:08 17:46:23", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "352741/62500", "EXIF ApertureValue": "126797/20000", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "4", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Partial", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "40", "EXIF SubSecTime": "06", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "06", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "06", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2562", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "3936", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "792000/149", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "1056000/199", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Manual Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard"} | 2,562 | 3,936 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilian_Technical_Corps | Civilian Technical Corps | null | Civilian Technical Corps | English: Americans in Britain- the Training of the Civilian Technical Corps at RAF Radio School, Cranwell, England, 1941 Paul Hand, from Woodhaven, Long Island, New York, at work on a radio as part of his training at No. 1 Radio School, RAF Cranwell. | null | false | true | The Civilian Technical Corps was an American quasi-military uniformed organization raised in 1941 in the United States of America, to directly assist with the war effort within the United Kingdom. The Corps was manned by volunteer civilians.
Their support role was primarily in connection with RADAR and radio, but was extended across a wide range of areas over time. They wore a uniform identical to the wartime Royal Air Force, but with unusual wreath-and-bars non-commissioned rank badges instead of chevrons, of the same design as those issued to members of the Royal Observer Corps, another semi-military air force corps within the UK during the same era. | The Civilian Technical Corps was an American quasi-military uniformed organization raised in 1941 in the United States of America, to directly assist with the war effort within the United Kingdom. The Corps was manned by volunteer civilians.
Their support role was primarily in connection with RADAR and radio, but was extended across a wide range of areas over time. They wore a uniform identical to the wartime Royal Air Force, but with unusual wreath-and-bars non-commissioned rank badges instead of chevrons, of the same design as those issued to members of the Royal Observer Corps, another semi-military air force corps within the UK during the same era. | Civilian Technical Corps member training at No. 1 Radio School, RAF Cranwell (1941) | 435 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 772 | 800 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivica_Banovi%C4%87 | Ivica Banović | null | Ivica Banović | Deutsch: Ivica Banović als Spieler von Energie CottbusEnglish: Ivica Banović as Player of Energie Cottbus | null | true | false | Ivica Banović is a Croatian former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder. An NK Zagreb youth product, he spent most of his career in Germany. At international level, he earned two caps with the Croatia national team. | Ivica Banović (born 2 August 1980) is a Croatian former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder. An NK Zagreb youth product, he spent most of his career in Germany. At international level, he earned two caps with the Croatia national team. | Banović with Energie Cottbus in November 2013 | 477 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "FUJIFILM", "Image Model": "FinePix SL1000", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Microsoft Windows Live Photo Gallery14.0.8117.416", "Image DateTime": "2013:11:28 23:48:21", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image Copyright": "", "Image ExifOffset": "2370", "Image PrintIM": "[80, 114, 105, 110, 116, 73, 77, 0, 48, 50, 53, 48, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0]", "Image Padding": "[]", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail Orientation": "Rotated 90 CW", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "14772", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "6732", "Thumbnail YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/450", "EXIF FNumber": "13/2", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Action", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "3200", "EXIF SensitivityType": "Standard Output Sensitivity", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0230", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2014:02:08 20:36:43", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2014:02:08 20:36:43", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "4", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "44/5", "EXIF ApertureValue": "53/10", "EXIF BrightnessValue": "41/10", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "109/20", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "1076/5", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2043", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "3067", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "14556", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "7463", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "7463", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "3", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF SubjectDistanceRange": "0", "EXIF ImageUniqueID": "889B62609C5B431083C32580F0978A07", "EXIF Padding": "[]", "EXIF OffsetSchema": "4124"} | 2,043 | 3,067 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburgh_Waverley_railway_station | Edinburgh Waverley railway station | Previous stations | Edinburgh Waverley railway station / Previous stations | English: Historical railway map | null | false | true | Edinburgh Waverley railway station is the principal station serving Edinburgh, Scotland. It is the second busiest station in Scotland, after Glasgow Central. It is the northern terminus of the East Coast Main Line, 393 miles 13 chains from London King's Cross, although some trains operated by London North Eastern Railway continue to other Scottish destinations beyond Edinburgh.
Services to and from Edinburgh Waverley are primarily operated by Abellio ScotRail, including five routes to Glasgow, the Fife Circle, the recently reopened Borders Railway and services to Stirling/Dunblane/Alloa/North Berwick/Dunbar. The station is the terminus of the Edinburgh leg of the West Coast Main Line served by Avanti West Coast and TransPennine Express. Long distance inter-city trains are operated by CrossCountry to destinations such as York, Leeds, Sheffield, Derby, Birmingham New Street, Bristol Temple Meads, Exeter St Davids and Plymouth. | Edinburgh's Old Town, perched on a steep-sided sloping ridge, was bounded on the north by a valley in which the Nor Loch had been formed. In the 1750s overcrowding led to proposals to link across this valley to allow development to the north. The "noxious lake" was to be narrowed into "a canal of running water", with a bridge formed across the east end of the loch adjacent to the physic garden. This link was built from 1766 as the North Bridge and at the same time plans for the New Town began development to the north, with Princes Street to get unobstructed views south over sloping gardens and the proposed canal. The loch was drained as work on the bridge proceeded. In 1770 a coachbuilder began work on properties feued at the corner between the bridge and Princes Street, and feuers on the other side of the street strongly objected to this construction blocking their views to the south. A series of court cases ended with the decision that the buildings nearing completion could stay, immediately to the west of that some workshops would be allowed below the level of Princes Street, and further west a park would be "kept and preserved in perpetuity as pleasure ground" in what became Princes Street Gardens.
In the mid 1830s proposals for a railway from Glasgow running along the gardens to a station at the North Bridge were set out in a prospectus with assurances that the trains would be concealed from view, and smoke from them "would scarcely be seen". An association of "Princes Street Proprietors" who had feued houses in the street, and had spent large sums turning the "filthy and offensive bog" of the Nor Loch into quiet gardens, strongly opposed the railway and in late 1836 put forward their case against the Act of Parliament for the railway. The Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway opened in 1842 with its terminus at Haymarket railway station, stopping short of Princes Street. In the Railway Mania of the 1840s, the railway sought another Act of Parliament allowing access along the gardens, and at the same time two other railways proposed terminus stations at the North Bridge site. By then several of the Princes Street properties were shops or hotels with an interest in development, and agreement was reached in 1844 on walls and embankments to conceal the Edinburgh and Glasgow railway line in a cutting, with compensation of almost £2,000 for the proprietors.
The North Bridge station was opened on 22 June 1846 by the North British Railway as the terminus for its line from Berwick-upon-Tweed. The Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway's General station opened on 17 May 1847, on the same day as the Canal Street station of the Edinburgh, Leith and Newhaven Railway, serving Leith and Granton via a long rope-hauled tunnel under the New Town. The collective name "Waverley", after the Waverley Novels by Sir Walter Scott, was used for the three from around 1854 when the through 'Waverley' route to Carlisle opened. Canal Street station was also known as Edinburgh Princes Street, not to be confused with the Caledonian Railway railway station later built at the West End which was named Princes Street station from 1870. | Location of Waverley and (former) lines emanating from the station | 488 | 1 | success | null | 619 | 454 | {} | 619 | 454 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiroyoshi_Nishizawa | Hiroyoshi Nishizawa | Philippines campaign | Hiroyoshi Nishizawa / World War II / Philippines campaign | English: A Japanese Mitsubishi A6M kamikaze plane hits the U.S. Navy escort carrier USS Suwannee (CVE-27) in the waters off the Philippines on 26 October 1944. Suwannee had already been hit by a kamikaze on 25 October 1944. Just after noon on 26 October, another group of kamikazes attacked. A Mitsubishi A6M crashed into Suwannee's flight deck at 1240 hrs and careened into a Grumman TBM Avenger torpedo bomber which had just been recovered. The two planes erupted upon contact as did nine other planes on her flight deck. The resulting fire burned for several hours, but was finally brought under control. The casualties for 25–26 October were 107 dead and 160 wounded.The photo was taken from the USS Sangamon (CVE-26). | null | false | true | Lieutenant Junior Grade Hiroyoshi Nishizawa was an ace of the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service during World War II.
He is officially credited in Japan with the following aerial victories:
victories - 36
damaged - 2
shared damaged - 49
It is possible that Nishizawa was the most successful Japanese fighter ace of the war; he personally claimed to have had 102 aerial victories at the time of his death. Some uncertainty is due to the Japanese habit of recording victories for pilots' units, rather than the individual, after 1941, as well as the often wildly exaggerated claims of aerial kills that were frequently accepted. Some sources credit Nishizawa with over 120 to 150 victories. | In October, however, the 203rd was transferred to Luzon. Nishizawa and four others were detached to a smaller airfield on Cebu.
On 25 October 1944, Nishizawa led the fighter escort consisting of four A6M5s, flown by Nishizawa, Misao Sugawa, Shingo Honda and Ryoji Baba for the first major kamikaze attack of the war, targeting Vice Admiral Clifton Sprague's "Taffy 3" task force, which was protecting the landings in the Battle of Leyte Gulf.
The kamikaze volunteers, led by Lieutenant Yukio Seki, piloted five bomb-armed A6M2 Model 21 Zeros, each carrying a 250 kg (550 lb) bomb. They deliberately crashed their planes into U.S. warships in the first official kamikaze attack of the Tokkōtai suicide squadron "Shikishima". They were the first kamikazes to sink an enemy ship. The attack was very successful, as four of the five kamikazes struck their targets and inflicted heavy damage: USS Kalinin Bay (CVE-68): Four diving planes attacked from astern. Two planes were shot down by AA fire. One crashed into the port side of the flight deck, damaging it badly. The other hit the aft port stack, destroying it; USS Kitkun Bay (CVE-71): The port catwalk was clipped and the aircraft exploded off the port side, causing one death and no significant damage; USS White Plains (CVE-66): Two planes attacked. AA fire scored a hit on one attacker who changed course for St. Lo. The second plane was destroyed by AA fire just yards astern of White Plains. White Plains was not hit, but debris was scattered on the aft deck, causing 11 minor injuries. An A6M2 likely flown by Seki crashed onto the flight deck of the escort carrier USS St. Lo at 10:53. The Zero's 250 kg (550 lb) bomb exploded on the portside hangar deck, resulting in a fire and secondary explosions which soon detonated torpedoes and the bomb magazine of St. Lo. The escort carrier sank half an hour later; 126 men were lost in action. Seki is recorded as saying before the mission: "Japan's future is bleak if it is forced to kill one of its best pilots. I am not going on this mission for the Emperor or for the Empire... I am going because I was ordered to!"
While flying fighter escort to this kamikaze mission, Nishizawa recorded at minimum, his 86th and 87th victories (both Grumman F6F Hellcats), the final aerial victories of his career.
Nishizawa had a premonition during the flight; he saw in a vision his own death. Nishizawa reported the sortie's success to Commander Nakajima after returning to base. He then volunteered to take part in the next day's Tokkōtai kamikaze mission. His request was refused.
Instead, Nishizawa's A6M5 Zero was armed with a 250 kg (550 lb) bomb and flown by Naval Air Pilot 1st Class Tomisaku Katsumata. A less experienced pilot, he nevertheless dove into the escort carrier USS Suwanee off Surigao. Katsumata crashed on Suwanee's flight deck and careened into a torpedo bomber which had just been recovered. The two planes erupted upon contact as did nine other planes on her flight deck. Although the ship was not sunk, she burned for several hours, and 85 of her crewmen were killed, 58 were missing and 102 wounded. | USS Suwannee (CVE-27)attacked 26 Oct 1944 | 492 | 1 | success | null | 425 | 346 | {"Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image Tag 0x0000": "0", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop 7.0", "Image DateTime": "2003:09:02 00:07:42", "Image ExifOffset": "156", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "294", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "2639", "EXIF ColorSpace": "Uncalibrated", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "860", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "700"} | 425 | 346 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Hlinka_Stadion | Ivan Hlinka Stadion | null | Ivan Hlinka Stadion | English: View of the Ivan Hlinka Arena in Litvinov before an international game between the Czech Republic and Switzerland | null | false | true | Ivan Hlinka Stadion is an indoor sporting arena located in Litvínov, Czech Republic, named after Czech ice hockey player and coach Ivan Hlinka. The capacity of the arena is 6,011 people and was built in 1955. It is currently home to the HC Litvínov ice hockey team. | Ivan Hlinka Stadion is an indoor sporting arena located in Litvínov, Czech Republic, named after Czech ice hockey player and coach Ivan Hlinka. The capacity of the arena is 6,011 people and was built in 1955. It is currently home to the HC Litvínov ice hockey team. | View of the arena before an international game between Czech Republic and Switzerland on April 15, 2011. | 476 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Panasonic", "Image Model": "DMC-ZR1", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "180", "Image YResolution": "180", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Ver.1.0", "Image DateTime": "2011:04:15 17:03:47", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "634", "Image PrintIM": "[80, 114, 105, 110, 116, 73, 77, 0, 48, 50, 53, 48, 0, 0, 14, 0, 1, 0, 22, 0, ... ]", "Image Tag 0xC6D2": "[80, 82, 65, 71, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ... ]", "Image Tag 0xC6D3": "[80, 82, 65, 71, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ... ]", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "180", "Thumbnail YResolution": "180", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "10740", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "7375", "Thumbnail YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/500", "EXIF FNumber": "33/10", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Landscape Mode", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "80", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2011:04:15 17:03:47", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2011:04:15 17:03:47", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "4", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "86/25", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "9/2", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "4000", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "3000", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "10352", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "25", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "None", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal"} | 4,000 | 3,000 |
|
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Adolf_Church,_Hamburg | Gustav Adolf Church, Hamburg | null | Gustav Adolf Church, Hamburg | Deutsch: Altar der Gustaf-Adolfskyrkan in Hamburg | null | false | false | The Gustav Adolf Church is a church building in Hamburg-Neustadt in Germany. The church belongs to the Church of Sweden. It was built between 1906 and1907. | The Gustav Adolf Church (German: Schwedische Gustaf-Adolfskirche, Swedish: Gustaf Adolfskyrkan) is a church building in Hamburg-Neustadt in Germany. The church belongs to the Church of Sweden. It was built between 1906 and1907. | inside church | 489 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon DIGITAL IXUS 85 IS", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "180", "Image YResolution": "180", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image DateTime": "2010:05:08 16:38:45", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image ExifOffset": "196", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "180", "Thumbnail YResolution": "180", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "1712", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "10277", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/4", "EXIF FNumber": "14/5", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "200", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2010:05:08 16:38:45", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2010:05:08 16:38:45", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "2", "EXIF ApertureValue": "95/32", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "31/5", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "822", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1173", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "Interoperability RelatedImageWidth": "822", "Interoperability RelatedImageLength": "1173", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "1540", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "1200000/181", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "1600000/241", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Custom", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard"} | 822 | 1,173 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wajiro_Station | Wajiro Station | Station layout | Wajiro Station / Station layout | English: Platforms for Nishitetsu Wajiro Station 日本語: 和白駅西鉄貝塚線ホーム | null | false | false | Wajiro Station is a railway station where the Nishitetsu Kaizuka Line and the JR Kashii Line meet in Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan. | null | Platforms for Nishitetsu Wajiro Station | 493 | 1 | success | null | 640 | 480 | {} | 640 | 480 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krivak-class_frigate | Krivak-class frigate | null | Krivak-class frigate | English: Burevestnik M class frigate Pytlivyy. NATO reporting name is Krivak II. Photo taken in Sevastopol bay from a boat. Français : Le Pytlivyy, une frégate de la classe Burevestnik. Photo prise à Sébastopol, depuis un bateau. Русский: Сторожевой корабль проекта 1135М Пытливый. Фото сделано в бухте Севастополя. | null | true | false | The Krivak class, Soviet designation Project 1135 Burevestnik, were a series of frigates and guard ships built in the Soviet Union primarily for the Soviet Navy since 1970. Later some sub-branches, like the Nerey were designed for coastal patrol by the KGB Border Troops. Until 1977, the ships in the class were considered to be large anti-submarine warfare vessels.
These ships are commonly known by their NATO reporting class name of Krivak and are divided into Krivak I, Krivak II, Krivak IV, and Krivak III classes.
They were designed as a successor to the Riga class. The design started in the late 1950s and matured as an anti-submarine ship in the 1960s. The first ship was Bditelnyy that was commissioned in 1970.
A total of 40 ships were built, 32 ships for the Soviet Navy and 8 modified ships of the Nerey subclass for the KGB Maritime Border Guard. Currently 2 vessels of the Nerey subclass are in service with the FSB Coast Guard and one is the flagship of the Ukrainian Navy.
The ship's unique features — the bow missile box, the stack and the angled mast, earned it a rap-like nickname among U. | The Krivak class, Soviet designation Project 1135 Burevestnik (storm petrel), were a series of frigates and guard ships (patrol boats) built in the Soviet Union primarily for the Soviet Navy since 1970. Later some sub-branches, like the Nerey (Nereus) were designed for coastal patrol by the KGB Border Troops. Until 1977, the ships in the class were considered to be large anti-submarine warfare vessels.
These ships are commonly known by their NATO reporting class name of Krivak and are divided into Krivak I, Krivak II, Krivak IV (navy), and Krivak III (coast guard) classes.
They were designed as a successor to the Riga class. The design started in the late 1950s and matured as an anti-submarine ship in the 1960s. The first ship was Bditelnyy that was commissioned in 1970.
A total of 40 ships were built, 32 ships for the Soviet Navy and 8 modified ships of the Nerey (Krivak III) subclass for the KGB Maritime Border Guard. Currently 2 vessels of the Nerey subclass are in service with the FSB Coast Guard and one is the flagship of the Ukrainian Navy.
The ship's unique features — the bow missile box, the stack and the angled mast, earned it a rap-like nickname among U. S. sailors that comes from their foreign ship silhouette identification training — "Hot dog pack, Smokestack, Guns in Back — Krivak."
How many ships remain in active duty is uncertain. According to some sources Russia has four units in service and the Ukrainian Navy, one. Russian press listed three units operational in February 2008, one with the Baltic Fleet and two with the Black Sea Fleet (BSF).
The Indian Navy ordered six frigates of upgraded Krivak III class as the Talwar class. Three ships were delivered in 2003–2004. Three more were delivered in 2011–2012.
On 12 October 2010, it was announced that the Yantar Shipyard at Kaliningrad had won a contract for construction of three new warships for the Russian Navy. The construction of the frigates for the Russian Navy will be carried out in parallel with the construction of the same-type frigates for the Indian Navy. | A Krivak II-class frigate Pytlivyy in Sevastopol Bay, 2009. | 486 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Panasonic", "Image Model": "DMC-TZ5", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "180", "Image YResolution": "180", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS Windows", "Image DateTime": "2010:02:07 21:05:30", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image PrintIM": "[80, 114, 105, 110, 116, 73, 77, 0, 48, 50, 53, 48, 0, 0, 14, 0, 1, 0, 22, 0, ... ]", "Image Tag 0xC6D2": "[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ... ]", "Image ExifOffset": "512", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "1138", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "2859", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/800", "EXIF FNumber": "24/5", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Landscape Mode", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "100", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2009:07:22 13:49:13", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2009:07:22 13:49:13", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "4", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "86/25", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "241/10", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "3650", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1825", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "1012", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "141", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Landscape", "EXIF GainControl": "None", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal"} | 3,650 | 1,825 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr_ibn_al-Arabi | Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi | Biography | Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi / Biography | Deutsch: Die Grabanlage von Ibn al-ʿArabī al-Maʿāfirī in Fès, Marokko | null | false | false | Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi or, in full Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdallāh ibn al-ʿArabī al-Maʿāfirī al-Ishbīlī was a Muslim judge and scholar of Maliki law from al-Andalus. Like Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad, Ibn al-Arabi was forced to migrate to Morocco during the reign of the Almoravids. It is reported that he was a student of Al-Ghazali for some time. He was a master of Maliki Jurisprudence. His father was a student of Ibn Hazm although Ibn al-Arabi considered him to be deviated. He also contributed to the spread of Ash'ari theology in Spain. A detailed biography about him was written by his contemporary Qadi Ayyad, the famous Malikite scholar and judge from Ceuta.. | Abu Bakr Ibn al-'Arabi (born 468/1076, died 543/1148) was a "Andalusian Malikite qadi". He was born in Seville Al-Andalus, Ibn al-'Arabi's father (Abu Muhammand ibn al-'Arabi) was a high ranking statesman working for the Taifa king of Seville, al-Mu'tamid ibn 'Abbad (r.1069-91). However, in 1091 when Al-Andalus was taken over by the Almoravids, Ibn al-'Arabi (now 16), and his father decided to leave for a less turbulent setting (his father also had political motivations). The two al-'Arabis travelled by ship to Egypt, and from there they turned to Jerusalem, where they stayed from 1093-1096.
Al-'Arabi devoted himself to his studies, teaching, and writing. He wrote many books on several different subjects, including hadith, fiqh, usul, Qur'an studies, adab, grammar and history. Some of his works include: Book on the Arrangement of the Travel that Raised my Interests in Religions and Experiences of the Great Authorities and Eminent People by the Observer of Islam and the Various Lands. Ibn al-'Arabi also wrote The Rule of Interpretation, and Protective Guards Against Strong Objections (a source of comments that al-Ghazali made to his students) among many others of his works. Two of al-'Arabi's books (Tartib al-rohla li al-targhib fi al-millah and Qanun al-ta'wil) provided descriptions of the al-Arabi's travels, and specifically recounted religious life in the holy city of Jerusalem. These accounts are important, as they may be the only eyewitness accounts by a Muslim in Jerusalem during the Seljuq period, and they also provide a critical Muslim objective.
After leaving Jerusalem in 1096, both al'-Arabis' traveled to Damascus and Baghdad to study. They settled in Baghdad and returned there after they took pilgrimage. While in Jerusalem, Ibn al-'Arabi was enticed by all of the scholars he met there, and performing the hajj became an addition in his quest for knowledge. It was only when he returned to Baghdad in 1097 that Ibn al-'Arabi finally met Imam Abū Ḥāmed al-Ghazālī, under whom Ibn al-'Arabi studied, beginning at the age of 21.
Under al-Ghazali, an Islamic theologian, philosopher and Sufi mystic, Ibn al-'Arabi studied closely. As a result, Ibn al-'Arabi is said to be one of the "most important sources of information about al-Ghazali's life and his teachings". When it came to al-Ghazali's theology, Ibn al-'Arabi became a master, and was enthusiastic, but perhaps more importantly critical of his teachings. Although Ibn al-'Arabi undoubtedly respected al-Ghazali, he was not afraid to express his feelings of difference when it came to the teachings of falsafa (Islamic philosophy).
After his father died in 1099 (at age 57), Ibn al-'Arabi, age 26, headed back to Seville. After being gone for 10 years studying in the Muslim east, he was an esteemed and credited scholar and teacher, as well as a main source to spread the works and teachings of al-Ghazali in the Muslim west. Ibn al-'Arabi continued to study, reflect upon, and challenge the works of al-Ghazali. For example, al-Ghazali believed that, "there is not in the sphere of possibility anything more excellent, more perfect or more complete than what God has in fact created." However Ibn al-'Arabi argues that there is a limitation of God's power. We can see this argument by Ibn al-'Arabi in some of his other works. For example, there were (and probably still are) times when judges and lawyers were/are faced with a situation where there is no legal text or scripture to help provide insight or guidance on the judicial decision. In these cases, judges and lawyers must use their best discretion to determine the rule of law. Laws of slander came into question, and defining the punishment as a right of God or a private right were debated. While Ibn al-'Arabi recognized that there are two views on whether the right is of God or a private right, ultimately he felt that the crime should largely be seen as a private right, as it is conditioned by the victim filing a petition.
Ibn al-'Arabi reflected upon the nature of the soul and the study and theory of knowledge. Ibn al-'Arabi stu | Grave of Ibn al-Arabi in the Bab Mahrouk Cemetery in Fez. | 485 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Panasonic", "Image Model": "DMC-FZ50", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Ver.1.0", "Image DateTime": "2008:11:28 20:35:08", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "420", "Image PrintIM": "[80, 114, 105, 110, 116, 73, 77, 0, 48, 50, 53, 48, 0, 0, 14, 0, 1, 0, 22, 0, ... ]", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "8084", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "7575", "Thumbnail YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/400", "EXIF FNumber": "8", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "100", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2008:11:28 10:53:35", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2008:11:28 10:53:35", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "4", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "3", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "81/10", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2560", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1920", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "7692", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "38", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "None", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal"} | 2,560 | 1,920 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andreas_Vevera | Andreas Vevera | null | Andreas Vevera | Deutsch: Der österreichische Tischtennisspieler Andreas Vevera mit seiner Goldmedaille von den Sommer-Paralympics 2008 am "Tag des Sports" auf dem Heldenplatz in Wien. English: Austrian table tennis player Andreas Vevera with the gold medal he won at the 2008 Summer Paralympics ("Day of Sports", Heldenplatz, Vienna). | null | true | false | Andreas Vevera is a former para table tennis player and a gold medalist in table tennis at the 2008 Summer Paralympics. He represented Austria and played in the men's individual class 1. His motto is "Give everyday your best." | Andreas Vevera (born 24 September 1971) is a former para table tennis player and a gold medalist in table tennis at the 2008 Summer Paralympics. He represented Austria and played in the men's individual class 1. His motto is "Give everyday your best." | Vevera wearing his gold medal at the 2008 Summer Paralympics | 490 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageDescription": "Austrian table tennis player Andreas Vevera with the gold medal he won at the Summer Paralympics 2008 in Beijing.", "Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon EOS 400D DIGITAL", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS2 Windows", "Image DateTime": "2008:09:28 05:34:34", "Image Artist": "Manfred Werner", "Image WhitePoint": "[313/1000, 329/1000]", "Image PrimaryChromaticities": "[16/25, 33/100, 21/100, 71/100, 3/20, 3/50]", "Image YCbCrCoefficients": "[299/1000, 587/1000, 57/500]", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image Copyright": "Manfred Werner (GNU-FDL)", "Image ExifOffset": "544", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "1390", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "6813", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/125", "EXIF FNumber": "11", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Shutter Priority", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "200", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2008:09:27 12:52:25", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2008:09:27 12:52:25", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "228255/32768", "EXIF ApertureValue": "453435/65536", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Average", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "25", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "Uncalibrated", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "1500", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "2083", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R03", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "1264", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "3888000/877", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "432000/97", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Manual", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF Gamma": "11/5"} | 1,500 | 2,083 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_city | Closed city | A-M | Closed city / Closed cities in post-Soviet states / Russia / By oblast / A-M | Русский: Дом-радуга в Снежногорске English: Rainbow House in Snezhnogorsk, Murmansk Oblast | null | false | false | A closed city or closed town is a settlement where travel or residency restrictions are applied so that specific authorization is required to visit or remain overnight. They may be sensitive military establishments or secret research installations that require much more space or freedom than is available in a conventional military base. There may also be a wider variety of permanent residents including close family members of workers or trusted traders who are not directly connected with its clandestine purposes.
Many closed cities existed in the Soviet Union until its collapse in 1991. After 1991, a number of them still existed in the CIS countries, especially Russia. In modern Russia, such places are officially known as "closed administrative-territorial formations". | Amur Oblast
Uglegorsk – formerly known as Svobodny-18 (Свободный-18), site of the second Russian trial cosmodrome of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, also called Svobodny Cosmodrome.
Arkhangelsk Oblast
Mirnyy – site of Plesetsk Cosmodrome.
Astrakhan Oblast
Znamensk – formerly known as Kaputsin Yar-1 (Капустин Яр-1), home to the Kapustin Yar (air base) and the "4th Missile Test Range".
Chelyabinsk Oblast
Lokomotivny
Ozyorsk – formerly known as Chelyabinsk-65 (Челябинск-65) and Chelyabinsk-40 (Челябинск-40), nuclear material processing and recycling plant.
Snezhinsk – formerly known as Chelyabinsk-70 (Челябинск-70), site of one of the two major Russian Federal Nuclear Centers.
Tryokhgorny – formerly known as Zlatoust-36 (Златоуст-36), site of development of parts and machinery for atomic stations and weaponry.
Kirov Oblast
Pervomaysky – formerly known as Yurya-2 (Юрья-2).
Moscow Oblast
Krasnoznamensk – formerly known as Golitsyno-2 (Голицыно-2).
Molodyozhny – formerly known as Naro-Fominsk-5 (Наро-Фоминск-5).
Vlasikha – formerly known as Gorky-2 (Горький-2).
Voskhod – formerly known as Novopetrovsk-2 (Новопетровск-2).
Zvyozdny gorodok – formerly known as Shchyolkovo-14 (Щёлково-14).
Murmansk Oblast
Alexandrovsk – closed administrative-territorial formation, includes the towns of Gadzhiyevo, Polyarny, and Snezhnogorsk
Ostrovnoy
Severomorsk
Snezhnogorsk
Vidyayevo
Zaozyorsk | A view of Snezhnogorsk | 491 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon PowerShot S3 IS", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "180", "Image YResolution": "180", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image DateTime": "2007:08:24 18:21:05", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image ExifOffset": "196", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "180", "Thumbnail YResolution": "180", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "5108", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "4591", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/100", "EXIF FNumber": "8", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2007:08:24 18:21:05", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2007:08:24 18:21:05", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "3", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "213/32", "EXIF ApertureValue": "6", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "29/8", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "80", "EXIF FocalLength": "139/10", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2816", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1584", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "Interoperability RelatedImageWidth": "2816", "Interoperability RelatedImageLength": "1584", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "2772", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "112640/9", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "1584000/169", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Manual Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Manual", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard"} | 2,816 | 1,584 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No._87_Squadron_RAF | No. 87 Squadron RAF | Aircraft | No. 87 Squadron RAF / Aircraft | English: A Royal Air Force Hawker Hurricane Mark IIC (s/n BE500, 'LK-A', "United Provinces Cawnpore") being flown by Squadron Leader Dennis Smallwood, the Commanding Officer of No. 87 Squadron RAF based at RAF Charmy Down, Somerset (UK). No. 87 Squadron was one of the first RAF night fighter squadrons. Sqn Ldr Smallwood led the squadron in 1941-42, when most intercepts were made entirely without on-board radar. The aircraft is painted in an overall black scheme known in the RAF as "Special Night". BE500 subsequently served with No. 533 Squadron RAF and finally in the Far East. | null | false | true | No. 87 Squadron RAF was an aircraft squadron of the Royal Air Force during the First World War and Second World War. | null | No. 87 CO Sqn Ldr Dennis Smallwood, DFC, in his Hurricane IIC, in early 1942. | 499 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image ExifOffset": "78", "Thumbnail Compression": "0", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "214", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "4995", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0210", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "Uncalibrated"} | 702 | 570 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1981_in_Norway | 1981 in Norway | Notable births | 1981 in Norway / Notable births | Kirsti Bergstø | null | false | false | Events in the year 1981 in Norway. | 8 January – Kristin Mürer Stemland, cross-country skier.
9 January – Ole Erevik, handball player.
9 January – Christian Møllerop, LGBT rights activist
12 January – Solveig Gulbrandsen, footballer
18 January – Maria Parr, children's writer
18 January – Martin Taxt, jazz musician
19 January – Bjørn Arve Lund, footballer
27 January – Thomas Løvold, curler
28 January – Erlend Hanstveit, footballer
3 February – Guri Melby, politician
13 February – Ingrid Lønningdal, artist
19 February – Thomas Holm, footballer
25 February – Anne Solsvik, politician
28 February – Tjostolv Moland, army officer and security contractor (died 2013)
5 March – Mazyar Keshvari, politician
7 March – Mona Fastvold, filmmaker and actress
8 March – Jonas Solberg Andersen, ice hockey player
17 March – Simen Brenne, footballer
18 March – Tora Berger, biathlete
18 March – Ingrid Olava, singer and musician
21 March – Leni Larsen Kaurin, footballer
21 March – Arcane Station, musician, producer and songwriter
23 March – Ragnhild Kvarberg, middle distance and long-distance runner
25 March – Cato Sundberg, musician
25 March – Roy Hegreberg, road bicycle racer
1 April – Helene Bøksle, singer and actress
1 April – Bjørn Einar Romøren, ski jumper
2 April – Patrick Holtet, footballer
7 April – Amund Maarud, blues/rock musician and composer
8 April – Nils Bech, singer
8 April – Mari Hagen, politician
9 April – Charlotte Frogner, actress
15 April – Jon Reidar Øyan, gay rights activist and politician
18 April – Hedvig Bjelkevik, speed skater
19 April – Lise Klaveness, lawyer and footballer.
19 April – Jan Gunnar Solli, footballer
23 April – Lars-Henrik Paarup Michelsen, politician
27 April – Hilde Marie Kjersem, artist, musician and songwriter
30 April – Kristin Størmer Steira, cross-country skier
14 May – Iselin Nybø, politician
19 May – Janicke Gunvaldsen, racing cyclist
25 May – Anette Trettebergstuen, politician
27 May – Hanne Blåfjelldal, politician
3 June – Kristoffer Paulsen Vatshaug, footballer
4 June – Linn Nyrønning, footballere
4 June – Jan Trygve Røyneland, television and film writer
11 June – Lars Lien, footballer
12 June – Afua Hirsch, writer, broadcaster, and former barrister
16 June – Ola Kvernberg, jazz violinist and composer.
16 June – Richard Skog, strongman competitor
16 June – Knut Walde, footballer
20 June – Brede Hangeland, footballer
20 June – Lene Storløkken, footballer.
1 July – Kirsti Bergstø, politician
13 July – Sigurd Hole, jazz musician
16 July – Vigdis Hårsaker, handball player
18 July – Sturla Torkildsen, fencer
19 July – Anne Lise Frøkedal, singer-songwriter
23 July – Lisa Aisato, illustrator and visual artist.
27 July – Sverre Krogh Sundbø, poker player
28 July – Lars Fredrik Frøislie, musician
28 July – Frank Kjosås, actor
29 July – Gjermund Larsen, traditional folk musician and composer
1 August – Pia Haraldsen, TV personality
3 August – Ingvild Stensland, footballer
3 August – Erlend Tvinnereim, operatic tenor
7 August – Ingvill Måkestad Bovim, track and field athlete
7 August – Ann Iren Mørkved, footballer
9 August – Azar Karadaş, soccer player
21 August – Jon Engen-Helgheim, politician
28 August – Marius Johnsen, footballer
1 September – Inger Lise Hansen, politician
3 September – Fredrik Klock, footballer
8 September – Morten Gamst Pedersen, footballer
10 September – Morten Adamsen, competition rower.
11 September – Vemund Brekke Skard, footballer
22 September – Ingrid Vetlesen, soprano
23 September – Ryan Wiik, actor and entrepreneur
25 September – Leo Olsen, footballer
27 September – Espen Hægeland, footballer
28 September – Cecilia Brækhus, professional boxer and kickboxer
8 October – Sten Ove Eike, footballer
13 October – Vidar Norheim, drummer and songwriter
24 October – Fredrik Mikkelsen, musician and composer
26 October – Camilla Tyldum, handball player
28 October – Andreas Loven, jazz pianist
29 October – Lene Alexandra, singer and model
30 October – Lars Petter Sveen, novelist.
3 November – Gunhild Følstad, footballer
20 November – Marit Tveite Bystøl, ski mountaineer
20 November – Espen Hoff, footballer
30 November – B | Kirsti Bergstø | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Kirsti_Bergst%C3%B8.jpg | 437 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon EOS 400D DIGITAL", "Image Orientation": "0", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image Software": "Picasa 3.0", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image DateTime": "2008:06:13 15:17:12", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "212", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "5968", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "6154", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/400", "EXIF FNumber": "71/10", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Unidentified", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "400", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2008:06:13 15:17:12", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2008:06:13 15:17:12", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "141621/16384", "EXIF ApertureValue": "46331/8192", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "138", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "Uncalibrated", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "1400", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1138", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "5844", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "3888000/877", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "432000/97", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF ImageUniqueID": "5f742b7f92790060e83398f80ea76590"} | 1,400 | 1,138 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_Great_Britain | List of butterflies of Great Britain | Nymphalidae – fritillaries, nymphalids and browns | List of butterflies of Great Britain / Nymphalidae – fritillaries, nymphalids and browns | English: Small heath butterfly (Coenonympha pamphilus), Aston Rowant NNR, Oxfordshire | null | false | true | This is a list of butterflies of Great Britain, including extinct, naturalised species and those of dubious origin. The list comprises butterfly species listed in The Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland by Emmet et al. and Britain's Butterflies by Tomlinson and Still.
A study by NERC in 2004 found there has been a species decline of 71% of butterfly species between 1983 and 2003. Species listed in the 2007 UK Biodiversity Action Plan are indicated by a double-dagger symbol —two species so listed for research purposes only are also indicated with an asterisk. Range expansions according to the 2010 Atlas of Butterflies in Britain and Ireland.
Butterfly Conservation lists 29 of Great Britain's 58 breeding butterfly species as "High UK treat priority", with 9 of those with conservation priority status "Action urgent across UK range". | Subfamily Heliconiinae
Small pearl-bordered fritillary – Boloria (Clossiana) selene ‡
B. selene selene – widespread in Wales, Scotland, southern and northern England
B. selene insularum – western Scotland and Inner Hebrides
Pearl-bordered fritillary – Boloria (Clossiana) euphrosyne ‡
– patchily distributed through southern England, Wales, north-west and north-east England, and Scotland
High brown fritillary – Fabriciana adippe ‡
– patchy distribution in west England and Wales
Dark green fritillary – Speyeria aglaja
S. aglaja aglaja – patchy distribution throughout, except Scotland
S. aglaja scotica – Scotland
Silver-washed fritillary – Argynnis paphia
– south-western half of England and Wales; (re)expanding range east, including East Anglia
Subfamily Limenitidinae
White admiral – Limenitis camilla ‡
– southern England and eastern Wales
Subfamily Apaturinae
Purple emperor – Apatura iris
– southern England
Subfamily Nymphalinae
Red admiral – Vanessa atalanta
– resident and common immigrant throughout
Painted lady – Vanessa cardui
– immigrant throughout
Small tortoiseshell – Aglais urticae
– throughout
Peacock – Aglais io
– throughout, except Scottish Highlands and Western Isles; expanding range throughout Scotland, including Western Isles
Comma – Polygonia c-album
– throughout England and Wales; expanding range northwards and spreading in southern Scotland
Marsh fritillary – Euphydryas (Eurodryas) aurinia ‡
– patchy distribution, mostly in west
Glanville fritillary – Melitaea cinxia ‡
– southern coast of Isle of Wight and Channel Islands (formerly widespread in south-east)
Heath fritillary – Melitaea athalia ‡
– West Country and Kent; re-introduced to Essex
Subfamily Satyrinae
Speckled wood – Pararge aegeria
P. aegeria tircis – throughout southern third of Great Britain, Scottish Highlands; expanding range north and east in England and Scotland; has colonized Isle of Man
P. aegeria oblita – western Scotland and Inner Hebrides
P. aegeria insula – Isles of Scilly
Wall – Lasiommata megera ‡*
– throughout England and Wales, southern Scotland (localized); expanding north and "infilling", but declined rapidly inland in East Anglia
Small mountain ringlet – Erebia epiphron ‡
E. epiphron mnemon – Cumbria
E. epiphron scotica – central Scotland
Scotch argus – Erebia aethiops
E. aethiops aethiops – Cumbria
E. aethiops caledonia – Scotland
Marbled white – Melanargia galathea serena
– throughout south-east half of the country, including West Country, but not most of East Anglia; expanding range northwards
Grayling – Hipparchia semele ‡
H. semele semele – much of English coast, inland in parts of south and East Anglia
H. semele scota – eastern Scotland (near coast)
H. semele thyone – Wales
H. semele atlantica – Hebrides
Gatekeeper – Pyronia tithonus britanniae
– throughout southern half of country, except central Wales; expanding range northwards
Meadow brown – Maniola jurtina
M. jurtina insularis – throughout (except for areas occupied by other subspecies)
M. jurtina cassiteridum – Isles of Scilly
M. jurtina splendida – western Scotland, including Hebrides
Ringlet – Aphantopus hyperantus
– throughout, except north-west England and north-west half of Scotland; expanding range in English Midlands, western England, English–Scottish borders, and Scotland; "infilling" southern Scotland
Small heath – Coenonympha pamphilus ‡*
C. pamphilus pamphilus – throughout, except far north and Hebrides
C. pamphilus rhoumensis – Hebrides
Large heath – Coenonympha tullia ‡
C. tullia davus – patchy distribution throughout northern and central England
C. tullia polydama – central-west and north Wales, northern England and southern Scotland
C. tullia scotica – rest of Scotland | Small heath | 495 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageWidth": "5472", "Image ImageLength": "3648", "Image BitsPerSample": "[8, 8, 8]", "Image PhotometricInterpretation": "2", "Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon EOS 70D", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image SamplesPerPixel": "3", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Windows)", "Image DateTime": "2014:09:01 14:50:31", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "300", "GPS GPSVersionID": "[2, 3, 0, 0]", "Image GPSInfo": "9484", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "9598", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "6530", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/500", "EXIF FNumber": "71/10", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Aperture Priority", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "400", "EXIF SensitivityType": "Recommended Exposure Index", "EXIF RecommendedExposureIndex": "400", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0230", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2014:08:30 11:43:57", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2014:08:30 11:43:57", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "9", "EXIF ApertureValue": "45/8", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "3", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "100", "EXIF SubSecTime": "00", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "00", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "00", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2187", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1459", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "9452", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "5472000/899", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "3648000/599", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF CameraOwnerName": "", "EXIF BodySerialNumber": "073024014483", "EXIF LensSpecification": "[100, 100, 0, 0]", "EXIF LensModel": "EF100mm f/2.8L Macro IS USM", "EXIF LensSerialNumber": "0000068780"} | 2,187 | 1,459 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varna_Aquarium | Varna Aquarium | null | Varna Aquarium | Aquarium Varna, Bulgaria | null | true | true | The Varna Aquarium or Aquarium Varna is a public aquarium in Varna, Bulgaria's largest city on the Black Sea coast.
The aquarium's exhibition focuses on the Black Sea's flora and fauna which includes over 140 fish species, but also features freshwater fish, Mediterranean fish, exotic species from faraway areas of the World Ocean, mussels and algae.
The foundation of the aquarium was initiated by Prince Ferdinand I on 6 January 1906 in the Euxinograd palace. Ferdinand entrusted Doctor Parashkev Stoyanov with the establishment of a maritime biological station. The monarch also requested assistance from the prominent German biologist Anton Dohrn, founder of the Stazione Zoologica in Naples, who provided Ferdinand with blueprints and photographs of the Naples station. On 25 January 1906, the Varna Municipal Council allotted money for the aquarium's construction and appointed a commission in order to select a suitable location for the building. The foundation stone was laid on 22 October the same year in Varna's Sea Garden in the presence of Prince Ferdinand and the Bulgarian Royal Family, as well as many important statesmen and intellectuals. | The Varna Aquarium (Bulgarian: Варненски аквариум, Varnenski akvarium) or Aquarium Varna (Аквариум Варна) is a public aquarium in Varna, Bulgaria's largest city on the Black Sea coast.
The aquarium's exhibition focuses on the Black Sea's flora and fauna which includes over 140 fish species, but also features freshwater fish, Mediterranean fish, exotic species from faraway areas of the World Ocean, mussels and algae.
The foundation of the aquarium was initiated by Prince Ferdinand I on 6 January 1906 in the Euxinograd palace. Ferdinand entrusted Doctor Parashkev Stoyanov with the establishment of a maritime biological station. The monarch also requested assistance from the prominent German biologist Anton Dohrn, founder of the Stazione Zoologica in Naples, who provided Ferdinand with blueprints and photographs of the Naples station. On 25 January 1906, the Varna Municipal Council allotted money for the aquarium's construction and appointed a commission in order to select a suitable location for the building. The foundation stone was laid on 22 October the same year in Varna's Sea Garden in the presence of Prince Ferdinand and the Bulgarian Royal Family, as well as many important statesmen and intellectuals. The aquarium's edifice was constructed to the design of Munich-educated Varna architect Dabko Dabkov. The building's facade is decorated with a sizable bas-relief of a clam and smaller reliefs of popular Black Sea species.
The edifice was completed by 1911. However, the outbreak of the Balkan Wars in 1912 delayed the opening of the aquarium. In 1913, Ferdinand made the building property of Sofia University. World War I and the severe sanctions imposed on Bulgaria with the Treaty of Neuilly did not permit the unveiling of the aquarium until 1932, when the maritime biological station was inaugurated by Tsar Boris III. Until 1932, the building had accommodated army units, Bulgarian refugees from Thrace, the School of Mechanics and the School of Fishing.
Today, the aquarium's research unit, the adjoined Institute for Fish Resources, includes 12 scientists who conduct research related to hydrobiology, hydrochemistry, marine microbiology, ichthyology, plankton and benthos. The Varna Aquarium's library houses 30,000 volumes of specialized literature, including rare 19th-century books and maps. | Varna Aquarium | 498 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageDescription": "OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA", "Image Make": "OLYMPUS CORPORATION", "Image Model": "C760UZ", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "v771-77", "Image DateTime": "2007:07:24 16:40:19", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "550", "Image PrintIM": "[80, 114, 105, 110, 116, 73, 77, 0, 48, 50, 53, 48, 0, 0, 20, 0, 1, 0, 20, 0, ... ]", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "4084", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "6101", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/800", "EXIF FNumber": "9/2", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Creative", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "64", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2007:07:24 16:40:19", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2007:07:24 16:40:19", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "2", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "3", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, auto mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "63/10", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2048", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1536", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "1268", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "None", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal"} | 2,048 | 1,536 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambandar | Sambandar | null | Sambandar | English: Sambandar in Vellore Museum | null | true | true | Sambandar or Thirugnana Sambandar was a young Saiva poet-saint of Tamil Nadu who lived around the 7th century CE.
He is one of the most prominent of the sixty-three Nayanars, Tamil Saiva bhakti saints who lived between the sixth and the tenth centuries CE. Sambandar's hymns to Shiva were later collected to form the first three volumes of the Tirumurai, the religious canon of Tamil Saiva Siddhanta. He was a contemporary of Appar, another Saiva saint. | Sambandar or Thirugnana Sambandar (Tamil: சம்பந்தர்) was a young Saiva poet-saint of Tamil Nadu who lived around the 7th century CE.
He is one of the most prominent of the sixty-three Nayanars, Tamil Saiva bhakti saints who lived between the sixth and the tenth centuries CE. Sambandar's hymns to Shiva were later collected to form the first three volumes of the Tirumurai, the religious canon of Tamil Saiva Siddhanta. He was a contemporary of Appar, another Saiva saint. | Sambandar (Wooden Image), ASI Museum, Vellore | 496 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Tag 0x000B": "Windows Photo Editor 10.0.10011.16384", "Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon EOS 1300D", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Windows Photo Editor 10.0.10011.16384", "Image DateTime": "2017:09:17 21:18:55", "Image Artist": "", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image Copyright": "", "Image ExifOffset": "2388", "GPS GPSVersionID": "[2, 3, 0, 0]", "Image GPSInfo": "12500", "Image Padding": "[]", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "96", "Thumbnail YResolution": "96", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "12614", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "12827", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/30", "EXIF FNumber": "28/5", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Landscape Mode", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "3200", "EXIF SensitivityType": "Recommended Exposure Index", "EXIF RecommendedExposureIndex": "3200", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0230", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2017:09:16 16:14:12", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2017:09:16 16:14:12", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "5", "EXIF ApertureValue": "5", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "33", "EXIF SubSecTime": "59", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "59", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "59", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "5184", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "3456", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "12378", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "1036800/181", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "691200/119", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF CameraOwnerName": "", "EXIF BodySerialNumber": "128072054643", "EXIF LensSpecification": "[18, 55, 0/0, 0/0]", "EXIF LensModel": "EF-S18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 IS II", "EXIF LensSerialNumber": "00002514e5", "EXIF Padding": "[]", "EXIF OffsetSchema": "4112"} | 2,102 | 3,153 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Ivison_Macadam | William Ivison Macadam | Military career | William Ivison Macadam / Military career | English: Col. William Ivison Macadam, Royal Scots Forth VI regiment in uniform three quarter length photograph taken in 1896 or 1897 | null | false | true | Colonel William Ivison Macadam VD FRSE FSA FIC FCS FRSSA
Colonel Professor W. Ivison Macadam was a prominent Scottish scientist, academic author and antiquarian. He was also Colonel of the 1st Lothian Volunteer Infantry Brigade and a leading Freemason. He was generally known by his middle name Ivison.
On 24 June 1902, aged forty-six, he was shot and killed, along with a student, by a mentally disturbed gunman in his own laboratory at Surgeons Hall, Edinburgh. | His career as a Volunteer army officer extended over a period of 27 years.
In 1875, as a young man he joined the 5th (Leith) Volunteer Battalion of the Royal Scots Guards and largely on his initiative, a company of that regiment was raised in Portobello. During the twelve years he was captain it was noted for its strength and efficiency. He was in charge of testing and analysis of artillery ammunition for the army in Scotland. As a major he commanded the important tactical field days and was in charge of the defence of the Blackford Hill high point in Edinburgh during the post-Crimean War period with the resulting protracted Anglo-Russia tensions. He later became commandant of the battalion 1892–1896. (This battalion after his death was to be involved in the Quintinshill rail disaster in 1915 on the way to Gallipoli, the worst rail disaster in British history with a great part of the regiment killed. An annual remembrance is held in Edinburgh’s Rosebank Cemetery.)
In July 1896 he succeeded Colonel Cranston as brigade-major of the Royal Scots Forth Volunteer Infantry Brigade as their colonel. As such he took the battalion to Queen Victoria’s Diamond Jubilee in 1897, where he led them in the procession (they had embarked and were barracked on a ship he chartered from Leith to London, where it remained moored on the Victoria Embankment on the Thames throughout the celebrations).
He subsequently was appointed colonel in command on the reformation of the brigade as the 1st Lothians.
In 1902 Colonel Macadam was appointed commander of the Second Scottish Volunteer Coronation Battalion for Edward VII’s coronation. It was intended that he lead the regiment at the coronation celebrations and he had again chartered a ship to transport the battalion to the coronation in London on the day of his death. The coronation had to be postponed the day he was killed on account of the King’s appendicitis emergency. | Col. William Ivison Macadam, Royal Scots Forth VI Brigade | 484 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "MP280 series", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "600", "Image YResolution": "600", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Apple Image Capture", "Image ExifOffset": "166", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2237", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "3364"} | 2,237 | 3,364 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Vincent_Fitzgerald | William Vincent Fitzgerald | null | William Vincent Fitzgerald | English: Australian botanist | null | true | true | William Vincent Fitzgerald, was an Australian botanist. He described five genera and about 210 species of plants from Western Australia, including 33 Acacia and several Eucalyptus species. He also collected for other botanists such as Ferdinand von Mueller and Joseph Maiden and was known through his work on orchids. Eucalyptus fitzgeraldii was named for him by William Blakely.
Fitzgerald was born on the goldfields in north-eastern Tasmania and at the age of 16 was training for a career in mining, but by the time he was in his early 20s he was corresponding with, and sending plant specimens to Mueller. In 1903 he was a member of Western Australian Royal Commission on Forests and the following year, chairman of the Forests Advisory Board of Western Australia. In that year he described 23 Acacia species, mostly from the south-west of Western Australia, in the first edition of “Journal of the West Australian Natural History Society”. | William Vincent Fitzgerald, (21 July 1867 – 6 August 1929) was an Australian botanist. He described five genera and about 210 species of plants from Western Australia, including 33 Acacia and several Eucalyptus species. He also collected for other botanists such as Ferdinand von Mueller and Joseph Maiden and was known through his work on orchids. Eucalyptus fitzgeraldii was named for him by William Blakely.
Fitzgerald was born on the goldfields in north-eastern Tasmania and at the age of 16 was training for a career in mining, but by the time he was in his early 20s he was corresponding with, and sending plant specimens to Mueller. In 1903 he was a member of Western Australian Royal Commission on Forests and the following year, chairman of the Forests Advisory Board of Western Australia. In that year he described 23 Acacia species, mostly from the south-west of Western Australia, in the first edition of “Journal of the West Australian Natural History Society” (which later became the Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia).
In 1905 he was appointed to the Department of Lands and Surveys as naturalist to the trigonometrical survey expedition to the Kimberley region and in the following year he was sent by the Minister of Lands to survey the potential for arable lands in the Kimberley. In 1912 he described in “Journal of Botany” six new south-west Western Australian species of Acacia discovered on these expeditions and three more in 1917.
The species named by him include Acacia acuaria, Acacia andrewsii, Acacia cliftoniana, Melaleuca argentea, Eucalyptus accedens and Eucalyptus argillacea.
He died near the Daru River whilst exploring the Bismarck Range in the central highlands of Papua New Guinea. | William Vincent Fitzgerald | 500 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image XResolution": "400", "Image YResolution": "42002/105", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image ExifOffset": "78", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "3306", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "4678"} | 3,306 | 4,678 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inguinal_hernia | Inguinal hernia | Indirect inguinal hernia | Inguinal hernia / Diagnosis / Indirect inguinal hernia | English: T2 weighted MRI of a 67 year old man who had pain in his left groin. It shows a left-sided indirect inguinal hernia (right side in image) containing fat. | null | false | true | An inguinal hernia is a protrusion of abdominal-cavity contents through the inguinal canal. Symptoms are present in about 66% of affected people. This may include pain or discomfort especially with coughing, exercise, or bowel movements. Often it gets worse throughout the day and improves when lying down. A bulging area may occur that becomes larger when bearing down. Inguinal hernias occur more often on the right than left side. The main concern is strangulation, where the blood supply to part of the intestine is blocked. This usually produces severe pain and tenderness of the area.
Risk factors for the development of a hernia include: smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity, pregnancy, peritoneal dialysis, collagen vascular disease, and previous open appendectomy, among others. Predisposition to hernias is genetic and occur more often in certain families. Deleterious mutations causing predisposition to hernias seem to have dominant inheritance. It is unclear if inguinal hernias are associated with heavy lifting. Hernias can often be diagnosed based on signs and symptoms. | An indirect inguinal hernia results from the failure of embryonic closure of the deep inguinal ring after the testicle has passed through it. It is the most common cause of groin hernia.
In the male fetus, the peritoneum gives a coat to the testicle as it passes through this ring, forming a temporary connection called the processus vaginalis. In normal development, the processus is obliterated once the testicle is completely descended. The permanent coat of peritoneum that remains around the testicle is called the tunica vaginalis. The testicle remains connected to its blood vessels and the vas deferens, which make up the spermatic cord and descend through the inguinal canal to the scrotum.
The deep inguinal ring, which is the beginning of the inguinal canal, remains as an opening in the fascia transversalis, which forms the fascial inner wall of the spermatic cord. When the opening is larger than necessary for passage of the spermatic cord, the stage is set for an indirect inguinal hernia. The protrusion of peritoneum through the internal inguinal ring can be considered an incomplete obliteration of the processus.
In an indirect inguinal hernia, the protrusion passes through the deep inguinal ring and is located lateral to the inferior epigastric artery. Hence, the conjoint tendon is not weakened.
There are three main types
Bubonocele: in this case the hernia is limited in inguinal canal.
Funicular: here the processus vaginalis is closed at its lower end just above the epididymis. The content of the hernial sac can be felt separately from the testis which lies below the hernia.
Complete (or scrotal): here the processus vaginalis is patent throughout. The hernial sac is continuous with the tunica vaginalis of the testis. The hernia descends down to the bottom of the scrotum and it is difficult to differentiate the testis from hernia.
In the female, groin hernias are only 4% as common as in males. Indirect inguinal hernia is still the most common groin hernia for females. If a woman has an indirect inguinal hernia, her internal inguinal ring is patent, which is abnormal for females. The protrusion of peritoneum is not called "processus vaginalis" in women, as this structure is related to the migration of the testicle to the scrotum. It is simply a hernia sac. The eventual destination of the hernia contents for a woman is the labium majus on the same side, and hernias can enlarge one labium dramatically if they are allowed to progress. | T2 weighted MRI of the same case (done for another purpose), also demonstrating fat content. | 505 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 1,113 | 851 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mythology_of_Fringe | Mythology of Fringe | The parallel universe | Mythology of Fringe / The parallel universe | Deutsch: Luftaufnahme des New Yorker World Trade Centers im März 2001 English: World Trade Center, New York, aerial view March 2001. Français : Le World Trade Center à New York. Vue aérienne datant de mars 2001. Italiano: Visione aerea del World Trade Center (New York) nel marzo del 2001. Русский: Всемирный торговый центр (Нью-Йорк) в марте 2001 года. 中文: 2001年3月，纽约世界贸易中心的航拍。 | null | false | false | Fringe is an American science fiction drama television series originally broadcast from 2008 to 2013. The show, created by J. J. Abrams, Alex Kurtzman and Roberto Orci, revolves around the fictional Fringe Division, a congressionally funded federal law enforcement task force, manned primarily by Federal Bureau of Investigation and Homeland Security personnel. The task force is responsible for investigating crimes and phenomena related to fringe science and the individuals and conspiratorial organizations that perpetrate those acts. During the five-season series, the mythology and backstory of the show expanded exponentially across a broad spectrum of recurring themes, locations and characters to serialize story arcs and intricately link early episodes with later ones. | While the show is based in the prime universe, several of the events are driven by the influence of the parallel universe. The existence of the parallel universe was postulated by Walter and William while under the influence of psychedelic drugs, and they were able to create a window-like device to observe the universe from their own. They later theorized ways of transporting objects from one universe to the other; one involves the use of frequency harmonics to send objects across at certain times, though through conservation of mass, an object of similar mass would be brought back some time later.
Within Fringe, the prime and parallel worlds are inexorably linked, hypothesized by the characters as the result of a divergent event in the past that formed the two universes. Quantum entanglement of objects between the two universes is significant, having been shown as part of the function of the doomsday device and an electric typewriter used by shapeshifters to communicate with the parallel universe. The parallel universe appears more technologically advanced than the prime one; in the keystone second-season episode "Peter", which takes place primarily in 1985, the parallel universe is shown to have cell phones, and zeppelins appear as a common form of transportation. In the show's present (2009 and onward), John F. Kennedy is alive as an ambassador to the United Nations, and other figures like John Lennon and Martin Luther King, Jr. are also alive. The United States in the parallel universe only consists of 48 states; while there exists a North and South Texas, other single states appear to take the place of two separate states in the prime universe, such as both North and South Carolina being the single "Carolina" in the parallel universe. Furthermore, much of western California has been lost, suggesting that a large earthquake along the San Andreas Fault has caused much of the coastal region to sink below sea level. Other effects on the global scale have caused sheep to become extinct, and made coffee and avocados valuable rarities. The singularities that plague the parallel universe can lead to destructive voids; to prevent these, the Fringe division there uses a fast-setting amber-like substance to prevent weakened areas from becoming destructive, but with no regard for innocents that may be trapped within it. A mass blight has affected vast areas of plant life, such as the area around Boston. While the September 11 attacks still occurred in the parallel universe, only the White House and The Pentagon were attacked, and the World Trade Center remains standing. Other changes exist in the parallel universe's popular culture; Eric Stoltz stars in Back to the Future, the musical Dogs has replaced Cats as the longest running Broadway musical, the Sherlock Holmes books were never written, and many comic book characters are different or do not exist such as Green Lantern being Red Lantern and Batman being the Mantis. In the Fringe episode, "6:02 AM EST", a radio broadcast of the Dodgers versus the Expos at Ebbets Field can be heard in the alternate universe, suggesting that the Major League Baseball franchises of the Montreal Expos and the Brooklyn Dodgers were not moved from their original cities. | The World Trade Center towers were unaffected by the September 11th attacks in the parallel universe, leaving them as a landmark for the alternate world's Manhattan skyline. | 453 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageDescription": "Arial view of WTC in March of 2001", "Image Make": "NIKON", "Image Model": "E990", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "300", "Image YResolution": "300", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS2 Windows", "Image DateTime": "2007:06:01 16:43:42", "Image Artist": "Jeff Mock ([email protected])", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image Copyright": "(c) 2001 Jeff Mock", "Image ExifOffset": "328", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "950", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "7752", "EXIF ExposureTime": "10/1573", "EXIF FNumber": "59/10", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "100", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0210", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "0000:00:00 00:00:00", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "0000:00:00 00:00:00", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "3", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "7/2", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire", "EXIF FocalLength": "84/5", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "1361", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1924", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "824", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed"} | 1,361 | 1,924 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wesley_Bolin_Memorial_Plaza | Wesley Bolin Memorial Plaza | Monuments and memorials | Wesley Bolin Memorial Plaza / Monuments and memorials | English: Anchor of the USS Arizona on display at Wesley Bolin Memorial Plaza, Phoenix, AZ. | null | false | true | The Wesley Bolin Memorial Plaza is an urban park and gathering place in front of the Arizona state capitol complex in downtown Phoenix, Arizona. One of the Phoenix Points of Pride, it is the site of various memorials honoring prominent figures, wars, and events in Arizona history. | The plaza is home to 30 memorials to individuals, organizations, and events. Among the memorials is one dedicated to the 158th Infantry Regiment, the state's oldest National Guard unit; it is based on a captured Japanese monument in the Philippines. Another includes the mast, anchor, and a 14-inch (360 mm) gun of the battleship Arizona. Other memorials commemorate World War I, World War II, the Vietnam War, the Korean War and Desert Storm. A monument to the United States Bill of Rights is said to be the first erected to that purpose. Some memorials have caused considerable controversy.
The full list of memorials includes:
Wesley Bolin Memorial Marker
Father Kino Statue
158th Regimental Memorial
The Bill of Rights Monument
Arizona Pioneer Women Memorial
Ten Commandments Memorial
Civilian Conservation Corps Memorial
4th Marine Division, World War II
Law Enforcement Memorial
World War I Memorial
Confederate Troops Memorial
Jewish War Veterans Memorial
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial
Armenian Martyrs Memorial
Desert Storm Memorial
American Merchant Seaman Memorial
Father Albert Braun Memorial
Arizona Peace Officers Memorial
Korean War Memorial
USS Arizona mast
USS Arizona anchor
USS Arizona 14-inch gun
USS Missouri 16-inch gun
Vietnam Veterans Memorial, including a sculpture by Jasper D'Ambrosi
Ernest W. McFarland Memorial
Purple Heart Memorial
Arizona Workers Memorial/ El Pasaje
Arizona Crime Victims Monument
Arizona Law Enforcement Canine Memorial
Arizona 9/11 Memorial
Navajo Codetalkers Memorial
Operation Enduring Freedom Memorial
Granite Mountain Interagency Hotshot Crew | Anchor from USS Arizona on display at Wesley Bolin Memorial Plaza, Phoenix, Arizona. | 494 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageDescription": "", "Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon PowerShot SD1200 IS", "Image Orientation": "0", "Image XResolution": "180", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image YResolution": "180", "Image Software": "Picasa 3.0", "Image DateTime": "2010:04:13 18:11:22", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "258", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "3464", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "6022", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/200", "EXIF FNumber": "9", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "80", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2010:04:13 18:11:22", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2010:04:13 18:11:22", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "3", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "245/32", "EXIF ApertureValue": "203/32", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "107/32", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "723/100", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "Uncalibrated", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2736", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "3648", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "Interoperability RelatedImageWidth": "2736", "Interoperability RelatedImageLength": "3648", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "3316", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "3648000/241", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "2736000/181", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF ImageUniqueID": "ebaabb4f684fbb4a89fea53d77a7dd3a"} | 2,736 | 3,648 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1759_in_science | 1759 in science | Geology | 1759 in science / Geology | Engraving of Smeaton's Lighthouse. Captions, from top to bottom, are: EDDYSTONE on the Coast of England Light Room Bed Room Kitchen Store [storage] Store High Water—Spring Tide Low Water | null | false | true | The year 1759 in science and technology involved several significant events. | Giovanni Arduino proposes dividing the geological history of Earth into four periods: Primitive, Secondary, Tertiary and Volcanic, or Quaternary. | Smeaton's Tower | 509 | 1 | success | null | 321 | 503 | {} | 321 | 503 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_feminism | History of feminism | Second wave | History of feminism / 19th to 21st centuries / Second wave | Women's lib[eration] march from Farrugut Sq[uare] to Layfette [i.e., Lafayette] P[ar]k | null | false | true | The history of feminism comprises the narratives of the movements and ideologies which have aimed at equal rights for women. While feminists around the world have differed in causes, goals, and intentions depending on time, culture, and country, most Western feminist historians assert that all movements that work to obtain women's rights should be considered feminist movements, even when they did not apply the term to themselves. Some other historians limit the term "feminist" to the modern feminist movement and its progeny, and use the label "protofeminist" to describe earlier movements.
Modern Western feminist history is conventionally split into three time periods, or "waves", each with slightly different aims based on prior progress:
First-wave feminism of the 19th and early 20th centuries focused on overturning legal inequalities, particularly addressing issues of women's suffrage
Second-wave feminism broadened debate to include cultural inequalities, gender norms, and the role of women in society | "Second-wave feminism" identifies a period of feminist activity from the early 1960s through the late 1980s that saw cultural and political inequalities as inextricably linked. The movement encouraged women to understand aspects of their personal lives as deeply politicized and reflective of a sexist power structure. As first-wave feminists focused on absolute rights such as suffrage, second-wave feminists focused on other cultural equality issues, such as ending discrimination. | Women's Liberation march in Washington, D.C., 1970 | 483 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Software": "Picasa 2.6", "Image ExifOffset": "49", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "285", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "5646", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0210", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2007:05:21 12:36:44", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "156", "EXIF ImageUniqueID": "9db020656c0df941dd0097e637cb4b7b"} | 4,535 | 3,012 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couvent_des_Feuillants | Couvent des Feuillants | First Republic | Couvent des Feuillants / History / First Republic | French: L'église des Feuillant (Paris) en démolitionDemolition of the Church of the Feuillantstitle QS:P1476,fr:"L'église des Feuillant (Paris) en démolition" label QS:Lfr,"L'église des Feuillant (Paris) en démolition" | null | false | false | The royal monastery of Saint-Bernard, better known as the Couvent des Feuillants or Les Feuillants Convent, was a Feuillant nunnery or convent in Paris, behind what is now numbers 229—235 rue Saint-Honoré, near its corner with rue de Castiglione. It was founded in 1587 by Henry III of France. Its church was completed in 1608 and dedicated to Saint Bernard of Clairvaux.
The nunnery was secularised and nationalised in the decrees of 13 and 16 May 1790 and became notable as the meeting place of the Feuillant Club. Jacques-Louis David used the nave of the convent's church as a studio for his painting The Tennis Court Oath. Most of the complex was then demolished under the French Consulate, leaving only the guesthouses at 229—235 rue Saint-Honoré and the outline of its church's apse, which can be discerned in the courtyard of one of the guesthouses. | In 1793, the National Convention moved from the Manège and les Feuillants to the Tuileries. In the autumn, the old convent buildings became factories and administration buildings for arms manufacture. The artillery museum was also set up there before being moved to the couvent des Jacobins in 1796.
Under the French Consulate, the decrees of 17-vendémiaire and 1-floréal in year X (9 October 1801 and 21 April 1802) put into effect part of the works planned in the "Plan des Artistes", ordering the creation of what would become rue de Rivoli and rue de Castiglione over the Feuillants convent site. The convent was thus totally demolished, except for the guesthouses on rue Saint-Honoré (numbers 229-235) and the apse of the church, whose outline can be seen in one of the guesthouses' courtyard. | Painting by Hubert Robert showing the demolition of the Feuillants church (musée Carnavalet). | 513 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "44", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "4728"} | 912 | 1,200 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States | Founding Fathers of the United States | Social background and commonalities | Founding Fathers of the United States / Social background and commonalities | English: Roger Sherman (1721-1793) | null | false | true | The Founding Fathers of the United States, or simply the Founding Fathers or Founders, were a group of American leaders who united the Thirteen Colonies, led the war for independence from Great Britain, and built a frame of government for the new United States of America upon republican principles during the latter decades of the 18th century.
Historian Richard B. Morris in 1973 identified the following seven figures as key Founding Fathers: John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and George Washington based on the critical and substantive roles they played in the formation of the country's new government. Adams, Jefferson, and Franklin were members of the Committee of Five that drafted the Declaration of Independence. Hamilton, Madison, and Jay were authors of The Federalist Papers, advocating ratification of the Constitution. The constitutions drafted by Jay and Adams for their respective states of New York and Massachusetts were heavily relied upon when creating language for the U.S. Constitution. Jay, Adams, and Franklin negotiated the Treaty of Paris that would end the American Revolutionary War. | The Founding Fathers represented a cross-section of 18th-century U.S. leadership. According to a study of the biographies by Caroline Robbins:
The Signers came for the most part from an educated elite, were residents of older settlements, and belonged with a few exceptions to a moderately well-to-do class representing only a fraction of the population. Native or born overseas, they were of British stock and of the Protestant faith.
They were leaders in their communities; several were also prominent in national affairs. Virtually all participated in the American Revolution; at the Constitutional Convention at least 29 had served in the Continental Army, most of them in positions of command. Scholars have examined the collective biography of the Founders, including both the signers of the Declaration and of the Constitution. | Roger Sherman, a member of the Committee of Five, the only person who signed all four U.S. founding documents. | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/RogerShermanPortrait.jpg | 508 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 2,521 | 3,673 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Platon | Charles Platon | Colonial secretary | Charles Platon / World War II (1939–44) / Colonial secretary | English: Article about the trip to French Somaliland by Admiral Platon, Secretary of States for the Colonies (top left), to reaffirm Vichy France's determination not to give in to the British blockade of Djibouti. The bottom picture shows Platon (left) being driven through Djibouti with Governor Nouailhetas (also shown top right). L'Illustration, 22 November 1941. Français : Article de L'Illustration du 22 novembre 1941 sur le voyage de l'admiral Platon, secrétaire d'État aux Colonies (à gauche), à la Côte francaise des Somalis, pour réaffirmer la volonté du gouvernement de Vichy de résister au blocus britannique de la colonie. La photo du bas montre l'amiral Platon (à gauche) en voiture en compagnie du gouverneur Nouailhetas. | null | false | false | René-Charles Platon was a French admiral who was responsible for the Colonial Ministry under the Vichy government.
He was a passionate supporter of the Révolution nationale of Vichy France, which he wanted to export to the colonies.
He was hostile to elected bodies, anti-Semitic, anti-Masonic and supported the back-to-the-soil movement.
He saw Britain as the enemy of France. After the Allied invasion of Normandy in the summer of 1944 he was captured by French partisans, given a summary trial and executed. | The Colonial Secretary Henry Lémery was dismissed on 6 September 1940 during a cabinet reshuffle, and was succeeded by Platon.
Platon was recommended by Fleet Admiral François Darlan, and Marshal Philippe Pétain soon came to respect him.
According to the historian Eric T. Jennings, Platon was "fanatically Vichyite and rabidly Anglophobe".
He was close to Charles Maurras, whom he often asked for advice on colonial matters.
A violent opponent of General Charles de Gaulle, he described the Free French as "a bunch of renegades made up of volunteers of the Universal Jewish Empire."
Platon wanted the colonies to be part of the National Revolution.
Platon ensured that most of the anti-Semitic and anti-Masonic laws of Vichy France were implemented in the colonies. He also exported the Vichy regimentation of young people, cult of the soil, cult of the leader and hatred of parliamentary government. However, Platon was concerned that the colonies might adapt the ideas of the National Revolution to their own national rebirth and independence, which he strongly opposed.
On 27 October 1940, on Platon's recommendation, a law was passed that suspended all elected assemblies in the colonies, and that gave the colonial governors full powers.
In June 1941 Platon proposed a number of ways to eliminate obstacles to implementing the French anti-semitic laws in the colonies.
In response to a suggestion that the Indochinese be allowed to fill high-level administrative positions he wrote on 20 October 1941, "[A]dmitting non-French citizens to management positions poses delicate questions, and simply cannot be undertaken."
Platon was suspicious of Protestant missions in French West Africa due to their links with the Anglican missions in neighboring British colonies. He said the missions must limit themselves to religion and stay loyal to France, and told the colonial administrators to closely monitor missions that had ties to the British.
In December 1941 Platon presented a ten-year plan in which he declared that France would continue her colonizing mission. He said the colonies should be industrialized.
The war had shown that decentralization of vital industries was prudent.
This would not weaken industry in metropolitan France, but would give colonial subjects greater buying power.
The main goal was to improve agriculture, roads and transportation so as to develop exports.
Development of industry was secondary.
Development of primary industries such as energy and building materials would ensure a basic level of economic autonomy, and in some cases more advanced industries could be introduced, while avoiding any revolutionary change.
Platon was Colonial Secretary until 18 April 1942, when he was succeeded by Jules Brévié.
This coincided with Pierre Laval's return to office as Prime Minister. | Platon (top left) with the governor of French Somaliland, Pierre Nouailhetas (top right), in 1941 | 515 | 1 | success | null | 484 | 449 | {"Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image Software": "PhotoScape"} | 484 | 449 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malcolm_Young | Malcolm Young | Legacy and influence | Malcolm Young / Legacy and influence | English: A street artist painting a Malcolm Young portrait in a wall of the streets of Mexico City, the day after the musician passed away. | null | false | true | Malcolm Mitchell Young was an Australian musician and songwriter. He was best known as the co-founder, rhythm guitarist, backing vocalist, and songwriter of the rock band AC/DC. Except for a brief absence in 1988, he was with the band from its beginning in 1973 until retiring in 2014 due to health reasons. As a member of AC/DC, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2003.
Though his younger brother Angus was the more visible of the brothers, Malcolm was described as the driving force and the leader of the band. In 2014, he stated that despite his retirement from the band, AC/DC was determined to continue making music with his blessing. As the rhythm guitarist, he was responsible for the broad sweep of the band's sound, developing many of their guitar riffs and co-writing the band's material with Angus.
Young left AC/DC in mid-2014 to receive treatment for dementia. In September 2014, the band's management announced that he would be retiring permanently. He died from the effects of dementia on 18 November 2017. | Influenced by 1950s rock and roll and blues-based rock guitarists of the 1960s and 1970s, Young was regarded as a leading rock exponent of rhythm guitar.
Guitar Player magazine has stated that the secret to Young's guitar technique was playing open chords through a series of Marshall amplifiers, set to low volume without high gain. This is contrary to a common belief of many rock guitarists that rhythm guitar should involve loud and overdriven power chords.
Dave Mustaine of Megadeth stated in a 2004 interview that he considered himself, Young, Rudolf Schenker, and James Hetfield of Metallica to be the best rhythm guitarists in the world.
In 2006, he was the subject of a song (and album) title by Australian punk rock band Frenzal Rhomb: "Forever Malcolm Young".
In 2017, Gretsch guitars reissued the Gretsch G6131MY, a signature guitar based on Young's modified 1963 Gretsch Jet Firebird. | A street artist painting a Young portrait one day after the musician died | 506 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageWidth": "4032", "Image Model": "Nexus 6P", "Image ImageLength": "3024", "Image Software": "HDR+ 1.0.174405554n", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image DateTime": "2017:11:19 16:41:00", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image ExifOffset": "230", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image Make": "Huawei", "Thumbnail ImageWidth": "252", "Thumbnail ImageLength": "189", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "18223", "Thumbnail Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "6843", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "65", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF FNumber": "2", "EXIF ExposureTime": "4301/1000000", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "989173", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "989173", "EXIF SubSecTime": "989173", "EXIF SubjectDistanceRange": "3", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF FocalLength": "467/100", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF MeteringMode": "CenterWeightedAverage", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF SubjectDistance": "4294967295", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "26", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "18063", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "2", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2017:11:19 16:41:00", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "3024", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2017:11:19 16:41:00", "EXIF BrightnessValue": "137/25", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "4032", "EXIF ApertureValue": "2", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Custom", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "393/50", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100"} | 4,032 | 3,024 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Mazama | Mount Mazama | Recent activity and potential hazards | Mount Mazama / Eruptive history / Recent activity and potential hazards | Wizard Island - Crater Lake Oregon | Wizard Island is shown in Crater Lake, with clouds in the sky above. The caldera rim appears to the left. | false | true | Mount Mazama is a complex volcano in the state of Oregon, United States, in a segment of the Cascade Volcanic Arc and Cascade Range. Most of the mountain collapsed following a major eruption approximately 7,700 years ago. The volcano is in Klamath County, in the southern Cascades, 60 miles north of the Oregon-California border. Its collapse formed a caldera that holds Crater Lake. The mountain is in Crater Lake National Park. Mount Mazama originally had an elevation of 12,000 feet, but following its climactic eruption this was reduced to 8,157 feet. Crater Lake is 1,943 feet deep, the deepest freshwater body in the US and the second deepest in North America after Great Slave Lake in Canada.
Mount Mazama formed as a group of overlapping volcanic edifices such as shield volcanoes and small composite cones, becoming active intermittently until its climactic eruption 7,700 years ago. This eruption, the largest known within the Cascade Volcanic Arc in a million years, destroyed Mazama's summit, reducing its approximate 12,000-foot height by about 1 mile. Much of the edifice fell into the volcano's partially emptied neck and magma chamber, creating a caldera. | Since the climactic eruption 7,700 years ago, all eruptive activity at Mazama has occurred within the caldera. After the caldera formed, the original crater was widened by avalanches from the walls. These gave a scalloped profile to the caldera, such as the coves at Llao Bay, Steel Bay, and Grotto Cove. The Chaski slide, for example, the most prominent landslide detectable on the caldera wall, occurred long after the formation of the crater. Located on the southern side, it contains lava blocks between 850 to 1,400 feet (260 to 430 m) in length, many of which now reside underwater on the floor of Crater Lake. As the crater filled with landslides, lava, and water, the caldera's appearance changed over time. New cones and lava fields have formed inside the caldera, all of which have been submerged except for Wizard Island. Mapping the caldera floor with high-resolution multibeam echo sounders, vehicle-motion sounders and navigators, and a dual-differential global positioning system (DGPS), scientists from the US government and universities detected volcanoes and landslide deposits under the water. Between 7,700 and 7,200 years ago, the central lava platform, the Merriam Cone, and Wizard Island were produced, as well as lava flows. These eruptions produced 1 cubic mile (4.2 km³) of andesitic lava, half of that in the Wizard Island cone. Wizard Island lava interacted with water to form breccia piles, and as the water levels rose, only the top of the Wizard Island edifice stayed above the water. The edifice has a lavaberg shape, as it sits above a larger, ovular pedestal rising 1,200 feet (370 m) above the floor of Crater Lake; just two percent of Wizard Island sits above the water surface. At the summit of the above-water cone, a small lava flow from a lava fountain appears, located on the southwestern flank. There is also a volcanic plug poking out of the crater floor as a body of dark lava. Lava blocks with diameters of 6 to 7 feet (1.8 to 2.1 m) can be seen along the rim of the crater, possibly produced from later stages of cone-building eruptions that created Wizard Island. The central platform was created by a similar vent eastward of Wizard Island, made up of effusive lava that created lava fields northward and eastward of its vent. Merriam cone does not have a summit crater, but rises to 1,300 feet (400 m) above the northern lake floor. Merriam cone was produced underwater, and was probably formed at the same or similar time as Wizard Island and the central platform.
Mazama was last active about 4,800 years ago, when an eruption took place near Wizard Island's eastern base. This eruption took place underwater, and it produced viscous lava that created a rhyodacite lava dome, about 2,400 years after the first period of postcaldera activity. Given that Mazama has had periods of sporadic eruptions for 420,000 years, the United States Geological Survey thinks that it is "virtually certain" that Mazama will erupt again in the future. Mazama is considered dormant, but it remains monitored by the United States Geological Survey Cascades Volcano Observatory. Future eruptions would likely take place near the western side of the complex and within the caldera rim; they could occur underwater. The ejection of lava rich in gas from shallow water could produce huge ash columns, but submarine eruptions at deeper depths may decrease the explosiveness of the event. Nonetheless, the rapid mixing of water and lava could produce dangerous pyroclastic surges, which are more gaseous and less solid than pyroclastic flows. Such flows could pass over topographic barriers, move rock fragments at 800 feet per second (240 m/s), and travel several miles from their vent. Mazama is unlikely to produce mudflows far from the caldera, though a nearby vent outside the caldera could erupt and mix with snow. Eruptions are unlikely to produce waves that extend beyond Crater Lake, but powerful explosions could produce tall waves in the caldera. An eruption as explosive as the one 7,700 years ago is unlikely given that it would require larger volumes of ma | Postcaldera activity has included the production of the Wizard Island cinder cone volcano in Crater Lake | 507 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageDescription": "Crater Lake Oregon", "Image Make": "KONICA MINOLTA", "Image Model": "MAXXUM 7D", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "240", "Image YResolution": "240", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop Elements 4.0", "Image DateTime": "2008:08:20 23:26:21", "Image ExifOffset": "246", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "826", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "6161", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/30", "EXIF FNumber": "19", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Manual", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "100", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2008:08:01 14:17:18", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2008:08:01 14:17:18", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "4906891/1000000", "EXIF ApertureValue": "1699171/200000", "EXIF BrightnessValue": "203/25", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "-1", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "3", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Daylight", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "28", "EXIF SubjectArea": "[1504, 1000, 3008, 2000]", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "3008", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "2000", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Manual Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Manual", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "42", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "None", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal"} | 3,008 | 2,000 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_First_Collection_of_Criticism_by_a_Living_Female_Rock_Critic | The First Collection of Criticism by a Living Female Rock Critic | null | The First Collection of Criticism by a Living Female Rock Critic | English: Jessica Hopper as the moderator of the Revolution Grrrl Style 21st Century panel - JBL Theater, Friday, April 17, 2015 as part of Pop Conference 2015, EMP Museum, Seattle, Washington. | null | false | true | The First Collection of Criticism by a Living Female Rock Critic is a 2015 essay collection by music critic Jessica Hopper. | The First Collection of Criticism by a Living Female Rock Critic is a 2015 essay collection by music critic Jessica Hopper. | Jessica Hopper in 2015 | 497 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 1,238 | 1,627 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_G._Benson_House | John G. Benson House | null | John G. Benson House | English: BUILT CIRCA 1800 BY JOHN G. BENSON, A FARM AND A MILITIA CAPTAIN FROM 1794 TO 1797. IT IS A POST-REVOLUTIONARY WAR DUTCH COLONIAL LOCATED ON LAND CONFISCATED FROM REVEREND GARRET LYDECKER, A TORY. This is an image of a place or building that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places in the United States of America. Its reference number is 83001465 More images | null | true | true | John G. Benson House is located in Englewood, Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 9, 1983. Its historical significance comes from being an example of post-Revolutionary War Dutch Colonial architecture. | John G. Benson House is located in Englewood, Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 9, 1983. Its historical significance comes from being an example of post-Revolutionary War Dutch Colonial architecture. | John G. Benson House in 2015 | 519 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageWidth": "2784", "Image ImageLength": "1848", "Image BitsPerSample": "[8, 8, 8]", "Image PhotometricInterpretation": "2", "Image Make": "NIKON CORPORATION", "Image Model": "NIKON D3", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image SamplesPerPixel": "3", "Image XResolution": "1", "Image YResolution": "1", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop Elements 11.0 Macintosh", "Image DateTime": "2015:12:07 12:29:06", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "316", "GPS GPSVersionID": "[2, 2, 0, 0]", "Image GPSInfo": "1012", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "1126", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "10217", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/1000", "EXIF FNumber": "16", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "1250", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2015:12:06 11:33:02", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2015:12:06 11:33:02", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "2", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "1245723/125000", "EXIF ApertureValue": "8", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "19/5", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire", "EXIF FocalLength": "22", "EXIF SubSecTime": "08", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "08", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "08", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2681", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1683", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "980", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CVAPattern": "[0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 1, 2]", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "153/100", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "33", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "High gain up", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF SubjectDistanceRange": "0"} | 2,681 | 1,683 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sruti_upanga | Sruti upanga | null | Sruti upanga | English: Plate XVI (presumably of Day, C. R. (Charles Russell) <1860-1900>: The music and musical instruments of southern India and the Deccan. -- London & New York : Novello, 1891. -- xvi, 173 S. : Ill. ; 25cm. -- S. 151.) showing the sruti upanga, the bagpipe of Tamil Nadu, India | null | false | true | The sruti upanga is a type of bagpipe played in Tamil Nadu, southern India. The instrument was often used to supply a drone to accompany mukha vina music.
The instrument was described by Charles Russel Day:
The bagpipe here drawn is the Moshuq, or, as it is called in Southern India, Śruti-upanga or Bhazana-śruti. It is used merely as a drone; the holes in the pipe are wholly or partially stopped with wax so as to tune the instrument to the pitch desired. The bag is made of the skin of a kid and is inflated from the mouth by means of the smaller of the two pipes shown. The drone is of cane, mounted in a stock of the same material, and which contains the reed. An enlarged drawing of the reed has been given in the plate, in order better to show its construction, and, as can be seen, the vibrations are controlled by a little piece of wire or fine twine tied roughly round the tongue. The whole reed is in one piece and is generally made of small cane or of the large marsh reeds found almost everywhere. Black wax is used to make the instrument wind-tight. | The sruti upanga ("drone bagpipe", or bhazana-śruti, druthi, or nosbug) is a type of bagpipe played in Tamil Nadu, southern India. The instrument was often used to supply a drone to accompany mukha vina (Tamil oboe) music.
The instrument was described by Charles Russel Day (1860-1900):
The bagpipe here drawn is the Moshuq, or, as it is called in Southern India, Śruti-upanga or Bhazana-śruti. It is used merely as a drone ; the holes in the pipe are wholly or partially stopped with wax so as to tune the instrument to the pitch desired. The bag is made of the skin of a kid and is inflated from the mouth by means of the smaller of the two pipes shown. The drone is of cane, mounted in a stock of the same material, and which contains the reed. An enlarged drawing of the reed has been given in the plate, in order better to show its construction, and, as can be seen, the vibrations are controlled by a little piece of wire or fine twine tied roughly round the tongue. The whole reed is in one piece and is generally made of small cane or of the large marsh reeds found almost everywhere. Black wax is used to make the instrument wind-tight.
The Moshuq of Northern India does not differ much in outward appearance from this, but contains a chanter, with the addition sometimes of a drone. | From C. R. Day, Plate XVI | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Sruti_upanga.jpg | 467 | 1 | success | null | 485 | 425 | {} | 485 | 425 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarim_Basin | Tarim Basin | Roads and passes, rivers and caravan routes | Tarim Basin / Geography and relation to Xinjiang / Tarim Basin locations / Roads and passes, rivers and caravan routes | 小河墓地。Creek burial, Urumqi, Xinjiang | null | false | true | The Tarim Basin is an endorheic basin in northwest China occupying an area of about 1,020,000 km². Located in China's Xinjiang region, it is sometimes used synonymously to refer to the southern half of the province, or Nanjiang, as opposed to the northern half of the province known as Dzungaria or Beijiang. Its northern boundary is the Tian Shan mountain range and its southern boundary is the Kunlun Mountains on the edge of the Tibetan Plateau. The Taklamakan Desert dominates much of the basin. The historical Uyghur name for the Tarim Basin is Altishahr, which means 'six cities' in Uyghur. | The Southern Xinjiang Railway branches from the Lanxin Railway near Turpan, follows the north side of the basin to Kashgar and curves southeast to Khotan.
Roads
The main road from eastern China reaches Urumchi and continues as highway 314 along the north side to Kashgar. Highway 315 follows the south side from Kashgar to Charkilik and continues east to Tibet. There are currently four north-south roads across the desert. 218 runs from Charkilik to Korla along the former course of the Tarim forming an oval whose other end is Kashgar. The Tarim Desert Highway, a major engineering achievement, crosses the center from Niya to Luntai. The new Highway 217 follows the Khotan River from Khotan to near Aksu. A road follows the Yarkand River from Yarkand to Baqu. East of the Korla-Charkilik road travel continues to be very difficult.
Rivers
Rivers coming south from the Tien Shan join the Tarim, the largest being the Aksu. Rivers flowing north from the Kunlun are usually named for the town or oasis they pass through. Most dry up in the desert, only the Hotan River reaching the Tarim in good years. An exception is the Qiemo River which flowed northeast into Lop Nor. Ruins in the desert imply that these rivers were once larger.
Caravans and passes
The original caravan route seems to have followed the south side. At the time of the Han Dynasty conquest it shifted to the center (Jade Gate-Loulan-Korla). When the Tarim changed course about 330AD it shifted north to Hami. A minor route went north of the Tian Shan. When there was war on the Gansu Corridor trade entered the basin near Charkilik from the Qaidam Basin. The original route to India seems to have started near Yarkand and Kargilik, but it is now replaced by the Karakoram Highway south from Kashgar. To the west of Kashgar via the Irkeshtam border crossing is the Alay Valley which was once the route to Persia. Northeast of Kashgar the Torugart pass leads to the Ferghana Valley. Near Uchturpan the Bedel Pass leads to Lake Issyk-Kul and the steppes. Somewhere near Aksu the difficult Muzart Pass led north to the Ili River basin (Kulja). Near Korla was the Iron Gate Pass and now the highway and railway north to Urumchi. From Turfan the easy Dabancheng pass leads to Urumchi. The route from Charkilik to the Qaidam Plateau was of some importance when Tibet was an empire.
North of the Mountains is Dzungaria with its central Gurbantünggüt Desert, Urumchi the capital and the Karamay oil fields. The Kulja territory is the upper basin of the Ili River and opens out onto the Kazakh steppe with several roads eastward. The Dzungarian Gate was once a migration route and is now a road and rail crossing. Tacheng or Tarbaghatay is a road crossing and former trading post. | Tarim basin ancient boats; they were used for burials | 460 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageDescription": "", "Image Make": "NIKON", "Image Model": "E5200", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "300", "Image YResolution": "300", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "E5200 V 1.2", "Image DateTime": "2008:06:19 14:52:46", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "284", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "300", "Thumbnail YResolution": "300", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "4084", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "4323", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/939", "EXIF FNumber": "49/10", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "64", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2008:06:19 14:52:46", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2008:06:19 14:52:46", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "4", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "3", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, auto mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "17/2", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2592", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1944", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "1054", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "41", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "Low gain up", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF SubjectDistanceRange": "0"} | 2,592 | 1,944 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naiad_(moon) | Naiad (moon) | null | Naiad (moon) | English: Naiad as seen by en:Voyager 2. The image is smeared due to the combination of long exposure needed at this distance from the Sun, and the rapid relative motion of the moon and Voyager. Hence, the moon appears more elongated than in reality. Subsequently the brightness was processed and the image cropped somewhat | null | true | true | Naiad, also known as Neptune III, is the innermost satellite of Neptune, named after the naiads of Greek legend. | Naiad /ˈneɪæd/, also known as Neptune III, is the innermost satellite of Neptune, named after the naiads of Greek legend. | Naiad as seen by Voyager 2 (elongation is due to smearing) | 520 | 1 | success | null | 535 | 480 | {} | 535 | 480 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sassi%E2%80%93Superga_tramway | Sassi–Superga tramway | null | Sassi–Superga tramway | Italiano: Tranvia Sassi-Superga, stazione di Sassi | null | true | false | The Sassi–Superga tramway is a steep grade railway line in the city of Turin in northern Italy. Managed by Gruppo Torinese Trasporti, it connects the Turin suburb of Sassi to the Basilica of Superga at an altitude of 672 m. The lower station is situated at an altitude of 225 m a.s.l., the upper at 650 m. From here, high in the hills facing the city across the River Po, a panorama of Turin is visible against a backdrop of the Alps. Intermediate stops are located at Prima Galleria, Raddoppio, and Pian Gambino.
The line was opened on 27 April 1884 as a cable driven rack railway of the Agudio system. In this system cables ran along the side of the track and passed around two large pulleys on each side of the cars, which in turn drove the cog wheels that propelled the train consisting of the driven car and up to three passenger cars. The cable was originalle driven by a steam engine in the upper station, from 1922 on by an electric motor. During World War I passenger numbers dropped sharply, so that the line was temporarily shut down until 1919. | The Sassi–Superga tramway is a steep grade railway line in the city of Turin in northern Italy. Managed by Gruppo Torinese Trasporti, it connects the Turin suburb of Sassi to the Basilica of Superga at an altitude of 672 m. The lower station is situated at an altitude of 225 m a.s.l., the upper at 650 m. From here, high in the hills facing the city across the River Po, a panorama of Turin is visible against a backdrop of the Alps. Intermediate stops (only on demand) are located at Prima Galleria, Raddoppio, and Pian Gambino.
The line was opened on 27 April 1884 as a cable driven rack railway of the Agudio system. In this system cables ran along the side of the track and passed around two large pulleys on each side of the cars, which in turn drove the cog wheels that propelled the train consisting of the driven car (only occupied by the driver and a brakeman) and up to three passenger cars. The cable was originalle driven by a steam engine in the upper station, from 1922 on by an electric motor. During World War I passenger numbers dropped sharply, so that the line was temporarily shut down until 1919.
After an accident, in which one of the cables broke, but the emergency brake prevented further damage, the line was converted to a conventional electric rack railway using the Strub rack system. Work started on 24 October 1934, the line re-opened on 16 April 1935. Guides for the previous cables can still be found along the line. New motor cars were built by Officine Meccaniche della Stanga. Some of the old passenger cars remained in use, others were sold.
The single-tracked line is 3.1 km (1.9 mi) long, has a rail gauge of 1445 mm, and overcomes a difference in height of 419 m (1,375 ft) with a mean gradient of 13.5% and a maximum gradient of 21%, the latter on the final section between Pian Gambino and Superga. The line is electrified with a third rail at 600 volts. A passing loop is located at Radoppio halt. Trains reach the summit in approximately eighteen minutes. Although it does not run in the street, the line and its cars have some of the characteristics of a tramway, and the line is often referred to as such. It is integrated into the public transport network of Turin as line No. 79.
Three pure-rack motor cars are used. Each of them can move up to two unpowered cars. Every such trains can carry up to 220 passengers. The depot has no rack, nor third electrified rail, so that the rack engines and carriages are shunted by a small electric locomotive fed by overhead wires. The track connection to Turin's urban tramway network is used to transfer rolling stock to and from the workshop. | Sassi station | 512 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon EOS 600D", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Aperture 3.5.1", "Image DateTime": "2014:04:12 11:43:31", "Image ExifOffset": "208", "GPS GPSLatitudeRef": "N", "GPS GPSLatitude": "[45, 4, 5007/100]", "GPS GPSLongitudeRef": "E", "GPS GPSLongitude": "[7, 43, 5417/100]", "Image GPSInfo": "834", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/160", "EXIF FNumber": "8", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "100", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0230", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2014:04:12 11:43:31", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2014:04:12 11:43:31", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "59/8", "EXIF ApertureValue": "6", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "4", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "25", "EXIF SubSecTime": "61", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "61", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "61", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "5184", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "3456", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "97379/17", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "331079/57", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF CameraOwnerName": "133063104181", "EXIF BodySerialNumber": "133063104181", "EXIF LensSpecification": "[18, 55, 0, 0]", "EXIF LensModel": "EF-S18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 IS II", "EXIF LensSerialNumber": "0000412684"} | 5,184 | 3,456 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Contemporary_Instrumental_Album | Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Instrumental Album | Recipients | Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Instrumental Album / Recipients | Peter Frampton performing at Gulfstream Park in Hallandale, FL. | A man in a gray shirt with his eyes closed and a black guitar strapped around his neck. | false | true | The Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Instrumental Album is an award presented at the Grammy Awards, a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards, to recording artists for quality instrumental albums in the pop music genre. Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to "honor artistic achievement, technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry, without regard to album sales or chart position".
The award was first presented to Joe Jackson in 2001. According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards, the award is presented to albums containing "at least 51% playing time of newly recorded pop instrumental tracks". As of 2020, Larry Carlton, Booker T. Jones and Snarky Puppy are the only musicians to receive the award more than once. Gerald Albright has received the most nominations, with six.
The award goes to the artist, producer and engineer/mixer of more than 50% of playing time on the winning album. | Each year is linked to the article about the Grammy Awards held that year.
An award was presented to James R. Jensen as the producer of the album. | 2007 award winner, Peter Frampton | 516 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 1,005 | 1,011 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Isherwood | Christopher Isherwood | null | Christopher Isherwood | Daily Herald Archive at the National Media Museum. This photograph shows playwright Christopher Isherwood (1904-1986) chatting at Victoria Station, London. | Christopher Isherwood in 1938 | true | true | Christopher Isherwood was an Anglo-American novelist, playwright, screenwriter, autobiographer, and diarist. His best-known works include Goodbye to Berlin, a semi-autobiographical novel which inspired the musical Cabaret, A Single Man adapted as a film by Tom Ford in 2009, and Christopher and His Kind, a memoir which "carried him into the heart of the Gay Liberation movement". | Christopher Isherwood (26 August 1904 – 4 January 1986) was an Anglo-American novelist, playwright, screenwriter, autobiographer, and diarist. His best-known works include Goodbye to Berlin (1939), a semi-autobiographical novel which inspired the musical Cabaret, A Single Man (1964) adapted as a film by Tom Ford in 2009, and Christopher and His Kind (1976), a memoir which "carried him into the heart of the Gay Liberation movement". | Christopher Isherwood in 1938 | 517 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageWidth": "1717", "Image ImageLength": "1971", "Image BitsPerSample": "[8, 8, 8]", "Image PhotometricInterpretation": "2", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image SamplesPerPixel": "3", "Image XResolution": "150", "Image YResolution": "150", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CC 2019 (Windows)", "Image DateTime": "2020:04:16 22:26:21", "Image Copyright": "If authorisation is granted by Science & Society Picture Library, the credit line will be: NMPFT/Science & Society Picture Library", "Image ExifOffset": "380", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "530", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "6730", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0231", "EXIF ColorSpace": "Uncalibrated", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "600", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "809"} | 600 | 809 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tingvollost | Tingvollost | null | Tingvollost | Kraftkar is a blue cheese from Tingvoll in Nordmøre, at the right top of the image. Edel Bla, another cheese, appears at the left top. | null | false | true | Tingvollost is a Norwegian cheesemaker in Tingvoll, making blue cheese and white mold cheeses from cow's milk. Annual production in 2014 was 21 tons of cheese based on 200 000 liters milk.
Perhaps best known is the Kraftkar blue cheese that became World Champion in World Cheese Awards 2016. It first won the national championship in 2009 as well as medaled in the Nordic Cheese Competition in Denmark. It won gold in World Cheese Awards 2011, in which year they also brought home the national and nordic gold. The next year they again won Nordic, beating the Svedjan and Kastrup. In 2013 the Vismann took silver. During World Cheese Awards 2014 in London, they won bronze with the Edel frue and Mild mester. Mild Mester was in 2015 made a "Super Gold" and among 62 cheeses nominated to win World Cheese Awards 2015 in Birmingham, Edel frue and Vismann taking bronse, while Kraftkar won silver.
Kraftkar was elected as World Champion in World Cheese Awards 2016, held in San Sebastián, competing with 3,021 cheeses from 31 countries. | Tingvollost (established in 2003) is a Norwegian cheesemaker in Tingvoll, making blue cheese and white mold cheeses from cow's milk. Annual production in 2014 was 21 tons of cheese based on 200 000 liters milk.
Perhaps best known is the Kraftkar blue cheese that became World Champion in World Cheese Awards 2016. It first won the national championship in 2009 as well as medaled in the Nordic Cheese Competition in Denmark. It won gold in World Cheese Awards 2011, in which year they also brought home the national and nordic gold. The next year they again won Nordic, beating the Svedjan and Kastrup. In 2013 the Vismann took silver (a milder version of Kraftkar). During World Cheese Awards 2014 in London, they won bronze with the Edel frue (soft white) and Mild mester (semi-hard white). Mild Mester was in 2015 made a "Super Gold" and among 62 cheeses nominated to win World Cheese Awards 2015 in Birmingham, Edel frue and Vismann taking bronse, while Kraftkar won silver.
Kraftkar was elected as World Champion in World Cheese Awards 2016, held in San Sebastián, competing with 3,021 cheeses from 31 countries. | Tingvollost Kraftkar (upper right), with Edel Bla another cheese, upper left. | 518 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageDescription": "", "Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon PowerShot SX260 HS", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "180", "Image YResolution": "180", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image DateTime": "2013:09:21 16:00:55", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "234", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "180", "Thumbnail YResolution": "180", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "5620", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "6505", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/125", "EXIF FNumber": "4", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "100", "EXIF SensitivityType": "Standard Output Sensitivity and Recommended Exposure Index", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0230", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2013:09:21 16:00:55", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2013:09:21 16:00:55", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "3", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "223/32", "EXIF ApertureValue": "4", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "29/8", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "9/2", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "4000", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "3000", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "Interoperability RelatedImageWidth": "4000", "Interoperability RelatedImageLength": "3000", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "4852", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "1000000/61", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "1000000/61", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Custom", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF CameraOwnerName": ""} | 4,000 | 3,000 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chung_Uk_Tsuen_(Tai_Po_District) | Chung Uk Tsuen (Tai Po District) | null | Chung Uk Tsuen (Tai Po District) | 鍾屋村 | null | false | false | Chung Uk Tsuen is a village in Lam Tsuen, Tai Po District, Hong Kong. | Chung Uk Tsuen (Chinese: 鍾屋村) is a village in Lam Tsuen, Tai Po District, Hong Kong. | Chung Uk Tsuen (Tai Po District) | 526 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageDescription": "DIGITAL CAMERA", "Image Make": "Digital", "Image Model": "Digital Cam", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "M5071M-1029", "Image DateTime": "2008:04:16 14:13:50", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "246", "EXIF ExposureTime": "500/77131", "EXIF FNumber": "147/25", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "60", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2008:04:16 14:07:03", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2008:04:16 14:07:03", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "2", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "61/20", "EXIF MeteringMode": "CenterWeightedAverage", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire", "EXIF FocalLength": "29/5", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2560", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1920", "EXIF RelatedSoundFile": "", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed"} | 1,280 | 960 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Roebuck_(1690) | HMS Roebuck (1690) | Wreck site located | HMS Roebuck (1690) / Search for the wreck / Wreck site located | Black igneous rocks (volcanic) on Ascension Island | Image of black igneous rocks on the coast of Ascension Island | false | true | HMS Roebuck was a fifth-rate warship in the Royal Navy which, under the command of William Dampier, carried the first British scientific expedition to Australia in 1699. The wreck of the ship has since been located by a team from the Western Australian Maritime Museum at a site on the coast of Ascension Island where it foundered more than 300 years ago. | In 2000 the Western Australian Maritime Museum in Fremantle commissioned a search of the primary sources in England. The many sources located and copied for the museum suggested that the wreck of Roebuck lay in the shallows of Clarence Bay on the north-west coast of Ascension Island. Others had already searched in that location but had been stymied by the size of the bay and an extensive cover of sand.
By March 2001, based on their extensive study, the museum team believed they had a fair idea of Roebuck's position in February 1701 when the ship sank. Arriving at the island, and anchoring over the approximate position in the bay where they believed the grounding site to be, they experienced the same unusually sustained sea breeze that Dampier had described some 300 years earlier. When they examined the seabed, they discovered that a large and very recent movement of sand from the bay had exposed rock and other formations not seen by local divers in the 40 years since diving first began on the island.
Conducting a search from the beach out to the 3.5 fathoms of water described by Dampier, divers soon located an exposed bell. They then located a large clam shell in a cleft in the reef on the seabed south of the bell, and a heavily concreted grapnel anchor in shallower water about 328 ft (100 m) south of the bell and 26 ft (8 m) from shore. In a very turbulent location, two slightly tapering iron objects very similar to the remains of heavily eroded cannon were seen. These lay in the wave line, and were firmly wedged amongst the rocks. All were left in situ.
Being loose and potentially endangered objects, the island's administrator subsequently requested that the museum team remove the clam and the bell in association with the Ascension Island and Royal Air Force dive clubs. On retrieval, the bell was found to carry a broad arrow, confirming its Royal Navy origin. Of all the naval vessels lost on the Island, only Roebuck had not been found up to that time. Sent to the Mary Rose Laboratories in Portsmouth for treatment and replication, the original objects were returned to the island for exhibition. The replicas were made for display at the Western Australian Maritime Museum. | Clarence Bay, Ascension Island, where the wreck of Roebuck was discovered in 2001 | 527 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon PowerShot A640", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "180", "Image YResolution": "180", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "f-spot version 0.4.2", "Image DateTime": "2008:05:10 22:26:15", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image ExifOffset": "254", "GPS GPSVersionID": "[2, 0, 0, 0]", "GPS GPSLatitudeRef": "S", "GPS GPSLatitude": "[7, 55, 637/50]", "GPS GPSLongitudeRef": "W", "GPS GPSLongitude": "[14, 24, 79/4]", "GPS GPSAltitudeRef": "0", "GPS GPSAltitude": "251999/10000", "GPS GPSTimeStamp": "[13, 43, 26]", "GPS GPSMapDatum": "WGS-84", "GPS GPSDate": "[2008, 5, 7]", "Image GPSInfo": "2942", "Image ExifImageWidth": "800", "Image ExifImageLength": "600", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "180", "Thumbnail YResolution": "180", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "3273", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "5802", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/640", "EXIF FNumber": "4", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2008:05:07 12:43:26", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2008:05:07 13:43:26", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "3", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "149/16", "EXIF ApertureValue": "4", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "95/32", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "73/10", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "3648", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "2736", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "Interoperability RelatedImageWidth": "3648", "Interoperability RelatedImageLength": "2736", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "2888", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "3648000/287", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "547200/43", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Landscape"} | 800 | 600 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitarian_Universalism | Unitarian Universalism | Services of worship | Unitarian Universalism / Worship and ritual / Services of worship | English: Unitarian Meeting House - Madison, WI | null | false | true | Unitarian Universalism is a liberal religion characterized by a "free and responsible search for truth and meaning". Unitarian Universalists assert no creed, but instead are unified by their shared search for spiritual growth, guided by a dynamic, "living tradition". Currently, these traditions are summarized by the Six Sources and Seven Principles of Unitarian Universalism, documents recognized by all congregations who choose to be a part of the Unitarian Universalist Association. These documents are 'living', meaning always open for revisiting and reworking. Unitarian Universalist congregations include many atheists, agnostics, and theists within their membership—and there are U.U. churches, fellowships, congregations, and societies all over America—as well as others around the world. The roots of Unitarian Universalism lie in liberal Christianity, specifically Unitarianism and universalism. Unitarian Universalists state that from these traditions comes a deep regard for intellectual freedom and inclusive love. Congregations and members seek inspiration and derive insight from all major world religions. | Religious services are usually held on Sundays and most closely resemble the form and format of Protestant worship in the Reformed tradition. Services at a vast majority of congregations follow a structure that focuses on a sermon or presentation by a minister, a lay leader of the congregation, or an invited speaker. Sermons may cover a wide range of topics. Since Unitarian Universalists do not recognize a particular text or set of texts as primary or inherently superior, inspiration can be found in many different religious or cultural texts as well as the personal experiences of the minister.
The service also includes hymn-singing, accompanied by organ, piano, or other available instruments, and possibly led by a song leader or choir. The most recent worship songbook published by the denomination, Singing the Journey contains 75 songs and is a supplement to the older Singing the Living Tradition which contains readings as well. Hymns typically sung in Unitarian Universalist services come from a variety of sources—traditional hymn tunes with new or adapted lyrics, spirituals, folk songs from various cultures, or original compositions by Unitarian Universalist musicians are just a few. Instrumental music is also a common feature of the typical worship service, including preludes, offertory music, postludes, or music for contemplation.
Pastoral elements of the service may include a time for sharing Joys and Sorrows/Concerns, where individuals in the congregation are invited to light a candle or say a few words about important events in their personal lives. Many also include a time of meditation or prayer, led by the minister or service leader, both spoken and silent. Responsive readings and stories for children are also typical. Many congregations also allow for a time at the end of the service, called "talk back", where members of the congregation can respond to the sermon with their own insights and questions, or even disagree with the viewpoint expressed by the minister or invited speaker.
Many Unitarian Universalist congregations no longer observe the Christian symbols of baptism, communion, or confirmation, at least in their traditional forms or under their traditional names. Congregations that continue these practices under their more traditional names are often federated churches or members of the Council of Christian Churches within the Unitarian Universalist Association (CCCUUA), or may have active chapters associated with the Unitarian Universalist Christian Fellowship or similar covenant groups. "Child dedications" often replace more traditional infant baptisms (such "dedications" are sometimes practiced even in "orthodox" Christian communities that do not baptize infants for theological reasons). Annual celebrations of Water Communion and Flower Communion may replace or supplement Christian-style communion (though many pluralist and Christian-oriented congregations may celebrate or otherwise make provisions for communion on Christian holy days). Confirmation may be replaced by a "Coming of Age" program, in which teenagers explore their individual religious identity, often developing their own credo. After they have completed exploring their spiritual beliefs, they write a speech about it which they then personally deliver to the congregation. | The Unitarian Meeting House designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, Shorewood Hills, Wisconsin. | 529 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "PENTAX", "Image Model": "PENTAX K-7", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Aperture 3.2.4", "Image DateTime": "2010:05:30 12:44:48", "Image Artist": "MATT CASTRO", "Image Copyright": "MATT CASTRO", "Image ExifOffset": "262", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/250", "EXIF FNumber": "71/10", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Manual", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "100", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2010:05:30 12:44:48", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2010:05:30 12:44:48", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "7/10", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "9691/2759", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "18", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2336", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1552", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Manual Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "27", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF SubjectDistanceRange": "3"} | 2,336 | 1,552 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto_FC | Toronto FC | Early years (2007–2010) | Toronto FC / History / Early years (2007–2010) | A view from the West Stand of BMO Field immediately after Danny Dichio scored the first goal in Toronto FC History | null | false | true | Toronto Football Club are a Canadian professional soccer club based in Toronto, Ontario. The club competes in Major League Soccer as a member of the Eastern Conference. The team plays its home matches at BMO Field, located at Exhibition Place on Toronto's shoreline. Toronto FC joined MLS in 2007 as an expansion team and was the first Canadian-based franchise in the league.
The first team is coached by Greg Vanney and operated by Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment, which also operates the USL League One affiliate team Toronto FC II and most other professional sports franchises in the city.
In 2017, Toronto FC won the domestic treble with the MLS Cup, Supporters' Shield and Canadian Championship. They are seven-time winners of the Canadian Championship and were runners-up of the 2018 CONCACAF Champions League, as well as MLS Cup in 2016 and 2019.
As of 2019, the club has an estimated value of US$395 million and the highest player payroll in Major League Soccer. | Despite a long scoreless streak to start the club's history, Toronto FC quickly began to establish itself as a club with significant fan support. The club's first win came on May 12, 2007 at BMO Field as Danny Dichio scored the team's first goal in the 24th minute of a 3–1 home win over the Chicago Fire. Though TFC slipped to the bottom of the MLS standings with a record of 6–17–7, the team built a foundation as the first Canadian team in MLS. In the club's second season in 2008, Toronto hosted the 2008 MLS All-Star Game. The club finished last in the Eastern Conference with a record of 9–13–8, but the enthusiastic fan base continued to fill BMO Field to capacity. To determine the Canadian Soccer Association's representative in the CONCACAF Champions League, Toronto FC played in the inaugural Canadian Championship in 2008 competing for the Voyageurs Cup. TFC were the favourites to win the championship in its first year, but the Montreal Impact prevailed.
The last-place New York Red Bulls defeated Toronto FC 5–0 in the final 2009 regular season game, leaving TFC one point out of the playoffs. Despite bringing in some high-profile talent, the Reds could not seem to field a consistent side. Dwayne De Rosario became an immediate scoring influence and Amado Guevara was a strong playmaker and established MLS veteran, but the Honduran's future at the Canadian team seemed murky with looming 2010 FIFA World Cup duties. Rookie goalkeeper Stefan Frei quickly replaced Greg Sutton as a regular starter and immediately became a fan favourite. TFC only scored two goals in the final 15 minutes of games all season (last in MLS). During the same 15-minute period, they gave up 16 goals (most in MLS), thus creating a −14 goal differential during the final 15 minutes.
In the 2009 Canadian Championship, Toronto FC required a four-goal victory over the Montreal Impact in the final game of the competition to nullify the Vancouver Whitecaps' +4 goal differential. Anything less would result in Vancouver winning the championship. Toronto FC went down 1–0 early, but overwhelmed an under-strength Impact side 6–1 on the back of a hat-trick by De Rosario. Guevara added two, scoring in the 69th and 92nd minute. Chad Barrett scored the decisive goal in the 82nd minute, which gave TFC the lead over Vancouver. The unlikely victory was dubbed by fans and media as the "Miracle in Montreal". Toronto FC subsequently participated in the 2009–10 CONCACAF Champions League, but lost 1–0 on aggregate to the Puerto Rico Islanders in the preliminary round of the tournament.
After failing to qualify on the final day of the 2009 campaign, Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment said anything short of a playoff spot in 2010 would be unacceptable. With that directive, former director of soccer Mo Johnston hired Preki and made wholesale changes to the roster to reflect the U.S. Hall of Famer's plan to play a tough, defensive style. Despite scoring troubles, TFC played well at the start, going undefeated in seven games at one time. The team struggled following the World Cup break. Sensing problems in the locker room and to try to salvage the season, MLSE dismissed both Johnston and Preki on September 14, naming Earl Cochrane interim director of soccer and Nick Dasovic interim coach. The players responded to Dasovic's more open flexible style, but it was not enough as the club was eliminated from playoff contention with three games left in the season. Off-field issues with season-seat holders over the 2011 season ticket package added to the fans' frustrations, forcing MLSE to hold a series of town hall meetings.
Toronto FC played Honduran side C.D. Motagua in the preliminary round of the 2010–11 CONCACAF Champions League. TFC won 1–0 in the first leg on a goal by Chad Barrett, and tied 2–2 in the second leg on goals by De Rosario and Barrett, qualifying for the group stage. Toronto FC won their first group stage match 2–1 against Mexican side Cruz Azul on August 17, 2010. However, the team failed to qualify for the championship round after finishing in third place behind group wi | Fans celebrating the club's first goal in its history, scored by Danny Dichio | 532 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 900 | 673 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horishni_Plavni | Horishni Plavni | null | Horishni Plavni | English: Horishni Plavni, Poltava Region, Ukraine | Saint Nicholas Cathedral, Horishni Plavni | true | true | Horishni Plavni is a purpose-built mining city in central Ukraine, located on the left bank of the Dnieper. Horishni Plavni is a city of regional significance of Poltava Oblast, practically conurbated with the larger neighboring city of Kremenchuk. | Horishni Plavni (Ukrainian: Горішні Плавні, before 2016 known as Komsomolsk-na-Dnipri, Ukrainian: Комсомо́льськ-на-Дніпрі or simply Komsomolsk, Ukrainian: Комсомо́льськ) is a purpose-built mining city in central Ukraine, located on the left bank of the Dnieper. Horishni Plavni is a city of regional significance of Poltava Oblast, practically conurbated with the larger neighboring city of Kremenchuk. | Saint Nicholas Cathedral, Horishni Plavni | 528 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Panasonic", "Image Model": "DMC-FS3", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image Software": "Ver.1.0", "Image DateTime": "2012:08:24 17:31:20", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "2514", "Image PrintIM": "[80, 114, 105, 110, 116, 73, 77, 0, 48, 50, 53, 48, 0, 0, 14, 0, 1, 0, 22, 0, ... ]", "Image Tag 0xC6D2": "[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ... ]", "Image Padding": "[]", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/800", "EXIF FNumber": "3", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "100", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2012:08:24 17:31:20", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2012:08:24 17:31:20", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "2", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "3", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, auto mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "34/5", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "00", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "00", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "3264", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "2448", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "14088", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "41", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "None", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF Padding": "[]", "EXIF OffsetSchema": "4180"} | 2,448 | 3,264 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire_Clairmont | Claire Clairmont | Death of Allegra | Claire Clairmont / Death of Allegra | English: Allegra Byron, daughter of George Gordon, Lord Byron | null | false | true | Clara Mary Jane Clairmont, or Claire Clairmont as she was commonly known, was the stepsister of writer Mary Shelley and the mother of Lord Byron's daughter Allegra. She is thought to be the subject of a poem by Percy Bysshe Shelley. | Clairmont was granted only a few brief visits with her daughter after surrendering her to Byron. When Byron arranged to place her in a Capuchin convent in Bagnacavallo, Italy, Clairmont was outraged. In 1821, she wrote Byron a letter accusing him of breaking his promise that their daughter would never be apart from one of her parents. She felt that the physical conditions in convents were unhealthy and the education provided was poor and was responsible for "the state of ignorance & profligacy of Italian women, all pupils of Convents. They are bad wives & most unnatural mothers, licentious & ignorant they are the dishonour & unhappiness of society.... This step will procure to you an innumerable addition of enemies & of blame."
By March 1822, it had been two years since she had seen her daughter. She plotted to kidnap Allegra from the convent and asked Shelley to forge a letter of permission from Byron. Shelley refused her request. Byron's seemingly callous treatment of the child was further vilified when Allegra died there at age five from a fever some scholars identify as typhus and others speculate was a malarial-type fever. Clairmont held Byron entirely responsible for the loss of their daughter and hated him for the rest of her life. Shelley's death followed only two months later. | Clara Allegra Byron, about 1822 | 540 | 1 | success | null | 448 | 429 | {} | 448 | 429 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandra_Gaworska | Aleksandra Gaworska | null | Aleksandra Gaworska | Polski: Młodzieżowe Mistrzostwa Europy w Lekkoatletyce U23 w Bydgoszczy 2017; sztafeta 4x100 m kobiet finał English: 2017 European Athletics U23 Championships in Bydgoszcz Poland, 4x100m relay women final | null | true | false | Aleksandra Gaworska is a Polish sprinter competing in the 400 metres and 400 metres hurdles. She won a bronze medal in the 4 × 400 metres relay at the 2017 World Championships. | Aleksandra Gaworska (born 7 November 1995) is a Polish sprinter competing in the 400 metres and 400 metres hurdles. She won a bronze medal in the 4 × 400 metres relay at the 2017 World Championships. | Aleksandra Gaworska in 2017 | 538 | 1 | success | null | 299 | 584 | {"Image ImageDescription": "", "Image Make": "SONY", "Image Model": "DSC-HX50V", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "350", "Image YResolution": "350", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "PictureProject 1.7.0 W", "Image DateTime": "2017:07:20 15:50:07", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image ExifOffset": "306", "GPS GPSVersionID": "[2, 3, 0, 0]", "GPS GPSLatitudeRef": "N", "GPS GPSLatitude": "[53, 8, 8323/200]", "GPS GPSLongitudeRef": "E", "GPS GPSLongitude": "[18, 1, 10463/1000]", "GPS GPSAltitudeRef": "0", "GPS GPSAltitude": "259/5", "GPS GPSTimeStamp": "[17, 45, 39]", "GPS GPSStatus": "A", "GPS GPSMeasureMode": "3", "GPS GPSDOP": "61/50", "GPS GPSSpeedRef": "K", "GPS GPSSpeed": "153/125", "GPS GPSTrackRef": "T", "GPS GPSTrack": "18983/100", "GPS GPSMapDatum": "WGS-84", "Image GPSInfo": "912", "Image PrintIM": "[80, 114, 105, 110, 116, 73, 77, 0, 48, 51, 48, 48, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0]", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "350", "Thumbnail YResolution": "350", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "39161", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "6864", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/250", "EXIF FNumber": "63/10", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "640", "EXIF SensitivityType": "Recommended Exposure Index", "EXIF RecommendedExposureIndex": "640", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0230", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2017:07:16 19:45:35", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2017:07:16 19:45:35", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF BrightnessValue": "4091/640", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "85/16", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "129", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "1440", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1080", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF LensSpecification": "[43/10, 129, 7/2, 63/10]"} | 299 | 584 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Shoppes_at_Carlsbad | The Shoppes at Carlsbad | null | The Shoppes at Carlsbad | English: The J. C. Penney courtyard at the Westfield Plaza Camino Real shopping mall in Carlsbad, California. J. C. Penney was one of the two original department stores (along with the May Company) that debuted with the mall's grand opening in 1969. The J. C. Penney building was designed by Krumm & Sorensen using Spanish motifs. The courtyard (along with the rest of the mall's interior) was renovated in the Fall of 1989 with new floor tiles, escalator wells, and glass-enclosed elevator.The photograph was taken with a Canon EOS 350D digital camera and edited (color balance, brightness, contrast, saturation) using ArcSoft PhotoStudio 5.5 | null | true | true | The Shoppes at Carlsbad is a shopping mall in Carlsbad, California. The mall had been formerly known as Plaza Camino Real, Westfield Shoppingtown Plaza Camino Real, Westfield Plaza Camino Real, and Westfield Carlsbad. Its anchor stores are JCPenney and Macy's. A Robinsons-May closed in 2006, while Sears closed on December 15, 2019. | The Shoppes at Carlsbad is a shopping mall in Carlsbad, California. The mall had been formerly known as Plaza Camino Real, Westfield Shoppingtown Plaza Camino Real, Westfield Plaza Camino Real, and Westfield Carlsbad. Its anchor stores are JCPenney and Macy's (in two locations). A Robinsons-May closed in 2006, while Sears closed on December 15, 2019. | The JC Penney courtyard inside Westfield Carlsbad (2009). | 534 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon EOS DIGITAL REBEL XT", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image DateTime": "2009:03:01 18:41:51", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "8", "Thumbnail ImageLength": "[]", "Thumbnail Tag 0x8599": "[]", "Thumbnail Tag 0x43D9": "[]", "Thumbnail Tag 0x313A": "[]", "Thumbnail Tag 0x1A03": "[]", "Thumbnail Tag 0xB46F": "[]", "Thumbnail Tag 0xCC90": "", "Thumbnail Tag 0xF361": "[]", "Thumbnail Tag 0x5015": "[]", "Thumbnail Tag 0xC141": "[]", "Thumbnail Tag 0xE51D": "[]", "Thumbnail Tag 0xB64A": "[]", "Thumbnail Tag 0x55B9": "[]", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/125", "EXIF FNumber": "4", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Shutter Priority", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "200", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2009:03:01 18:41:51", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2009:03:01 18:41:51", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "228255/32768", "EXIF ApertureValue": "4", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash fired, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "28", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2496", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1664", "Interoperability Tag 0x829A": "1/125", "Interoperability Tag 0x829D": "4", "Interoperability Tag 0x8822": "4", "Interoperability Tag 0x8827": "200", "Interoperability Tag 0x9000": "[48, 50, 50, 49]", "Interoperability Tag 0x9003": "2009:03:01 18:41:51", "Interoperability Tag 0x9004": "2009:03:01 18:41:51", "Interoperability Tag 0x9101": "[1, 2, 3, 0]", "Interoperability Tag 0x9201": "228255/32768", "Interoperability Tag 0x9202": "4", "Interoperability Tag 0x9204": "0", "Interoperability Tag 0x9207": "5", "Interoperability Tag 0x9209": "9", "Interoperability Tag 0x920A": "28", "Interoperability Tag 0xA000": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "Interoperability Tag 0xA001": "1", "Interoperability Tag 0xA002": "2496", "Interoperability Tag 0xA003": "1664", "Interoperability Tag 0xA005": "8", "Interoperability Tag 0xA20E": "1248000/437", "Interoperability Tag 0xA20F": "832000/291", "Interoperability Tag 0xA210": "2", "Interoperability Tag 0xA401": "0", "Interoperability Tag 0xA402": "0", "Interoperability Tag 0xA403": "0", "Interoperability Tag 0xA406": "0", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "8", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "1248000/437", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "832000/291", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard"} | 2,496 | 1,664 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Abejas | Las Abejas | Land Dispute | Las Abejas / Origins / Land Dispute | The chapel at Acteal, built by Las Abejas after the December 1997 massacre | null | false | true | Las Abejas is a Christian pacifist civil society group of Tzotzil Maya formed in Chenalho, Chiapas in 1992 following a familial property dispute that left one person killed. When members of the community took the injured man to the nearest town for medical attention, they were accused of attacking him themselves and jailed. When family members realized what had happened, they began a pilgrimage on foot to San Cristóbal de Las Casas. Along the way, Christian pacifists in other villages joined the group, which is dedicated to peace, justice, and anti-neoliberalism. Las Abejas freed their companions and grew as an organization.
When the Zapatista Army of National Liberation uprising took place in 1994, Las Abejas stood in solidarity with the Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional's ends and principles, but not their violent means. They paid a high price for their support, when on December 22, 1997, 45 of their members were massacred while praying in a church, in what has come to be known as the Acteal Massacre. | Las Abejas emerged in this setting in response to a dispute over a 120-hectare plot of land in Tz'anhem-Bolom, near the town of Tzajal-ch'en in the municipality of Chenalho, Chiapas. According to researcher Christine Kovic, the original owner of the property is unclear. Some say that the land was communally-owned and farmed, while others say it was private property, jointly held by the earlier owner's three children: Catarina, Agustin, and Maria Hernandez Lopez. The governmental Department of Agrarian Reform was not helpful in resolving the dispute, despite requests from both sides of the disagreement, according to Kovic.
The disagreement arose at least in part because Agustin Hernandez Lopez did not want to share the inherited land with his two sisters. There was also a political element to the disagreement, as Agustin was affiliated with the PRI (and thus was supported by the PRI-dominated municipal government of Chenalho), while his nephew, Nicolas Gutierrez Hernandez, who led those who did not believe that his uncle had the right to full ownership of the land, was affiliated with the Teacher-Peasant Solidarity Movement (Solidaridad Campesina Magisterial, or SOCAMA), which was affiliated with the national teachers' union and was in frequent conflict with the PRI.
The community of Tz'anhem-Bolom considered the dispute and ordered that the three siblings share the land equally. Agustin, who did not agree with their decision, instead "kept 60 hectares for himself and gave the 60 remaining hectares to his political supporters in a number of Chenalho hamlets rather than to his sisters." The situation led many people in the community to rally to one side or the other of the dispute and call for or use violence. Others people insisted upon a nonviolence. This group, representing 22 different communities and committed to dialogue and nonviolence, formed Las Abejas on December 9, 1992, as an independent organization under the auspices of the Society of Coffee Producers of Tzajal-ch'en.
The name "Las Abejas" (Spanish for "the bees") was chosen, according to one member of the organization, because "like the bees we want to build our houses together, to collectively work and enjoy the fruit of our work. We want to produce 'honey' but also to share with anyone who needs it... We know that, like the little bees, the work is slow but the result is sure because it is collective." Another member of the organization notes a political element in the choice of the name: "The bee is a very small insect that is able to move a sleeping cow when it pricks. Our struggle is like a bee that pricks, that is our resistance, but it's non-violent."
The very next day, on December 10, 1992, violence escalated. Supporters of Agustin shot at his nephews Nicolas, Vicente, and Lorenzo, ultimately killing Vicente. Some residents of Tzajal-ch'en contacted the (PRI-affiliated) municipal authorities in Chenalho to request an ambulance so as to transport the wounded men to the hospital in San Cristobal de las Casas. When the men trying to help the injured reached the road, they were met not by the ambulance but the police, who arrested five of the men without warrant. The municipal authorities accused the five men of having participated in the attacks and they were brought to the Centro de Readaptacion Social 5 jail in San Cristobal de las Casas. Those arrested and detained included Felipe Hernandez Perez, Mariano Perez Vasquez, Sebastian Perez Vasquez, and Manuel Perez Gutierrez. (The fifth detainee, according to a report from the Centro de Investigaciones Economicas y Politicas de Accion Comunitaria, or CIEPAC, was Antonio Perez Gutierrez).
The members of the newly formed Las Abejas were very upset by what they considered to be the unjust detention of these individuals. Their complaints to the municipal authorities proved futile. The State's Attorney General, Rafael Gonzales Lastra, sought to apprehend other members of Las Abejas, ostensibly in relation to the violence done to Vicente, Nicolas, and Lorenzo Gutierrez Hernandez. Suppor | A view of Acteal, site of the 1997 massacre that killed 45 members of Las Abejas. The prominent chapel was constructed after the massacre; the wooden chapel in which members of Las Abejas were praying when the massacre began is still standing; its roof is partially visible in the picture above and to the right of the new chapel. | 537 | 1 | success | null | 640 | 428 | {} | 640 | 428 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehn_twist | Dehn twist | Example | Dehn twist / Example | English: An example of a Dehn twist on the torus, along the closed curve a, in blue. Where a is an edge of the fundamental polygon representing the torus. | null | false | true | In geometric topology, a branch of mathematics, a Dehn twist is a certain type of self-homeomorphism of a surface. | Consider the torus represented by a fundamental polygon with edges a and b
Let a closed curve be the line along the edge a called .
Given the choice of gluing homeomorphism in the figure, a tubular neighborhood of the curve will look like a band linked around a doughnut. This neighborhood is homeomorphic to an annulus, say
in the complex plane.
By extending to the torus the twisting map of the annulus, through the homeomorphisms of the annulus to an open cylinder to the neighborhood of , yields a Dehn twist of the torus by a.
This self homeomorphism acts on the closed curve along b. In the tubular neighborhood it takes the curve of b once along the curve of a.
A homeomorphism between topological spaces induces a natural isomorphism between their fundamental groups. Therefore one has an automorphism
where [x] are the homotopy classes of the closed curve x in the torus. Notice and , where is the path travelled around b then a. | An example of a Dehn twist on the torus, along the closed curve a, in blue, where a is an edge of the fundamental polygon representing the torus. | 539 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 1,024 | 768 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Painted_spurfowl | Painted spurfowl | Behaviour and ecology | Painted spurfowl / Behaviour and ecology | English: Painted Spurfowl (Galloperdix lunulata). Daroji Sloth bear sanctuary, India | null | false | true | The painted spurfowl is a bird of the pheasant family found in rocky hill and scrub forests mainly in peninsular India. Males are more brightly coloured and spotted boldly in white. Males have two to four spurs while females can have one or two of the spurs on their tarsus. The species is found mainly in rocky and scrub forest habitats unlike the red spurfowl. They are found in the undergrowth in pairs or small groups, escaping by running and rarely taking to the wing when flushed. | The painted spurfowlis found in pairs or small family parties of up to 6 individuals and tends to stay in the undergrowth, rarely taking to flight. The call is a loud repeated series of chuguk calls. They feed on berries (including Ziziphus oenoplia and Lantana camara) as well as insects and flowers (Madhuca longifolia); and visit waterholes in the early morning. The breeding season is January to June (mainly February, but chicks have been seen in August, after the rains, in parts of Rajasthan). Courtship involves the male offering food held in the bill to the hen. Spurfowl are as a genus thought to be monogamous. The nest is a scrape in the ground lined with leaves often located below a boulder. The clutch is three to four, rarely five, pale creamy eggs. Only the female incubates, but both parents take care of the chicks. They will use distraction displays to lead predators away from the chicks. | Male and female | http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/PaintedSpurfowlMF1.JPG | 502 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Panasonic", "Image Model": "DMC-FZ100", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "GIMP 2.6.8", "Image DateTime": "2011:04:01 18:35:40", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "422", "Image PrintIM": "[80, 114, 105, 110, 116, 73, 77, 0, 48, 50, 53, 48, 0, 0, 14, 0, 1, 0, 22, 0, ... ]", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "180", "Thumbnail YResolution": "180", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "10752", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "5778", "Thumbnail YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/400", "EXIF FNumber": "23/5", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "100", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0230", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2011:03:30 15:15:42", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2011:03:30 15:15:42", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "4", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "3", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "447/5", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "3306", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1882", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "10604", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "497", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "None", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal"} | 3,306 | 1,882 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_uses_of_birds | Human uses of birds | Clothing and fashion | Human uses of birds / Economic uses / Clothing and fashion | Português: Índios da etnia Bororo-Boe na cerimônia de encerramento da nona edição dos Jogos dos Povos Indígenas (Olinda PE) | null | false | false | Human uses of birds have, for thousands of years, included both economic uses such as food, and symbolic uses such as art, music, and religion.
In terms of economic uses, birds have been hunted for food since Palaeolithic times. They have been captured and bred as poultry to provide meat and eggs since at least the time of ancient Egypt. Some species have been used, too, to help locate or to catch food, as with cormorant fishing and the use of honeyguides. Feathers have long been used for bedding, as well as for quill pens and for fletching arrows.
Today, many species face habitat loss and other threats caused by humans; bird conservation groups work to protect birds and to influence governments to do so.
Birds have appeared in the mythologies and religions of many cultures since ancient Sumer. For example, the dove was the symbol of the ancient Mesopotamian goddess Inanna, the Canaanite mother goddess Asherah, and the Greek goddess Aphrodite. Athena, the Greek goddess of wisdom, had a little owl as her symbol, and, in ancient India, the peacock represented Mother Earth. | Feathers have been important and colourful items of clothing and fashion from before the birth of civilisation. Elaborate, brightly coloured headdresses containing feathers are worn by indigenous peoples of the Americas such as the Bororo of the Mato Grosso. In Polynesia, sega ula lory bird feathers were major trade items, used to decorate high quality mats in Samoa and Tonga.
In Western culture, feathers are used in boas and decorating elaborate hats and other items of ladies' clothing. Feathers in fashion were a status symbol well into the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The Belle Epoque draped its clothing in feathers as ornaments. Ostrich plumes were a luxury commodity in Europe for centuries, leading to serious harm to wild ostrich populations, and subsequent establishment of ostrich farms. Classical 1930s Hollywood films used feathers in abundance, arguably as a metaphor for female sexuality. For example, in the 1935 musical Top Hat, Ginger Rogers danced "Cheek to Cheek" covered in white plumes that emphasised her movements. Late twentieth century designers such as Yves Saint Laurent and Alexander McQueen used feathers to make fashion statements. | Bororo men wearing brightly-coloured feathered headdresses | 536 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "NIKON CORPORATION", "Image Model": "NIKON D200", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "300", "Image YResolution": "300", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS3 Windows", "Image DateTime": "2007:12:02 09:44:55", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "240", "GPS GPSVersionID": "[2, 2, 0, 0]", "Image GPSInfo": "852", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "966", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "6682", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/60", "EXIF FNumber": "4", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "400", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2007:12:01 17:22:17", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2007:12:01 17:22:17", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "2", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "-1", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "4", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire", "EXIF FocalLength": "31", "EXIF SubSecTime": "90", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "90", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "90", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2598", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1759", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CVAPattern": "[0, 2, 0, 2, 1, 0, 2, 1]", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "46", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "Low gain up", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF SubjectDistanceRange": "0"} | 2,598 | 1,759 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_B-10 | Martin B-10 | Design and development | Martin B-10 / Design and development | English: 25th Bombardment Squadron B-10s | null | false | true | The Martin B-10 was the first all-metal monoplane bomber to be regularly used by the United States Army Air Corps, entering service in June 1934. It was also the first mass-produced bomber whose performance was superior to that of the Army's pursuit aircraft of the time.
The B-10 served as the airframe for the B-12, B-13, B-14, A-15 and O-45 designations using Pratt & Whitney engines instead of Wright Cyclones.
A total of 348 of all versions were built. The largest users were the US, with 166, and the Netherlands, with 121. | The B-10 began a revolution in bomber design. Its all-metal monoplane airframe, along with its features of closed cockpits, rotating gun turrets (almost simultaneously with the 1933 British Boulton & Paul Overstrand biplane bomber's own enclosed nose-turret), retractable landing gear, internal bomb bay, and full engine cowlings, would become the standard for bomber designs worldwide for decades. It made all existing bombers completely obsolete. Martin received the 1932 Collier Trophy for designing the XB-10.
The B-10 began as the Martin Model 123, a private venture by the Glenn L. Martin Company of Baltimore, Maryland. It had a crew of four: pilot, copilot, nose gunner and fuselage gunner. As in previous bombers, the four crew compartments were open, but it had a number of design innovations as well.
These innovations included a deep belly for an internal bomb bay and retractable main landing gear. Its 600 hp (447 kW) Wright SR-1820-E Cyclone engines provided sufficient power. The Model 123 first flew on 16 February 1932 and was delivered for testing to the U.S. Army on 20 March as the XB-907. After testing it was sent back to Martin for redesigning and was rebuilt as the XB-10.
The XB-10 delivered to the Army had major differences from the original aircraft. Where the Model 123 had Townend rings, the XB-10 had full NACA cowlings to decrease drag. It also sported a pair of 675 hp (503 kW) Wright R-1820-19 engines, and an 8 feet (2.4 m) increase in the wingspan, along with an enclosed nose turret. When the XB-10 flew during trials in June, it recorded a speed of 197 mph (317 km/h) at 6,000 ft (1,830 m). This was an impressive performance for 1932.
Following the success of the XB-10, a number of changes were made, including reduction to a three-man crew, addition of canopies for all crew positions, and an upgrade to 675 hp (503 kW) engines. The Army ordered 48 of these on 17 January 1933. The first 14 aircraft were designated YB-10 and delivered to Wright Field, starting in November 1933, and used in the Army Air Corps Mail Operation. The production model of the XB-10, the YB-10 was very similar to its prototype. | Martin B-10, 25th Bombardment Squadron, Panama Canal Zone | 522 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageWidth": "7991", "Image ImageLength": "3166", "Image BitsPerSample": "[8, 8, 8]", "Image PhotometricInterpretation": "2", "Image ImageDescription": "/0004/000018/images/000232.jpg\n--25th Bomb. Sqdn., C.Z.; Pvt. G.V. Tibbetts via Sid Bradd.", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image SamplesPerPixel": "3", "Image XResolution": "800", "Image YResolution": "800", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CC 2015 (Windows)", "Image DateTime": "2016:09:13 14:53:51", "Image ExifOffset": "340", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "490", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "2885", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF ColorSpace": "Uncalibrated", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "7596", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "2875"} | 7,596 | 2,875 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_in_Karachi | Transport in Karachi | null | Transport in Karachi | English: View of Stadium road flyover, Karachi | null | false | true | The city of Karachi is a major transport hub of Pakistan. The Karachi port and airport are major gateways to Pakistan. The Karachi Railway stations transports the major part of Pakistan's trade with other countries. | The city of Karachi is a major transport hub of Pakistan. The Karachi port and airport are major gateways to Pakistan. The Karachi Railway stations transports the major part of Pakistan's trade with other countries. | View of Stadium road, Karachi. | 514 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageDescription": "", "Image Make": "SONY", "Image Model": "DSC-S700", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "314", "Image YResolution": "314", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image DateTime": "2009:08:28 10:19:50", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "258", "Image PrintIM": "[80, 114, 105, 110, 116, 73, 77, 0, 48, 51, 48, 48, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0]", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail Make": "SONY", "Thumbnail Model": "DSC-S700", "Thumbnail Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail DateTime": "2009:08:28 10:19:50", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "14908", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "5331", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/500", "EXIF FNumber": "28/5", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Portrait Mode", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "100", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2009:08:28 10:19:50", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2009:08:28 10:19:50", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "4", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "7/10", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "3", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Cloudy weather", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, auto mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "29/5", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2592", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1944", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "14700", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Manual Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Manual", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Portrait", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal"} | 2,592 | 1,944 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontius_Pilate | Pontius Pilate | High and late medieval and renaissance art | Pontius Pilate / Art, literature, and film / Visual art / High and late medieval and renaissance art | null | null | false | false | Pontius Pilate was the fifth governor of the Roman province of Judaea, serving under Emperor Tiberius from 26/27 to 36/37 CE. He is best known today for being the official who presided over the trial of Jesus and ordered his crucifixion. Pilate's importance in modern Christianity is underscored by his prominent place in both the Apostles' and Nicene Creeds. Due to the Gospels' portrayal of Pilate as reluctant to execute Jesus, the Ethiopian Church believes that Pilate became a Christian and venerates him as a martyr and saint, a belief historically shared by the Coptic Church.
Although Pilate is the best-attested governor of Judaea, few sources on his rule have survived. He appears to have belonged to the well-attested Pontii family of Samnite origin, but nothing is known for certain about his life before he became governor of Judaea, nor of the circumstances that led to his appointment to the governorship. A single inscription from Pilate's governorship has survived, the so-called Pilate stone, as have coins that he minted. | In the thirteenth century, depictions of the events of Christ's passion came to dominate all visual art forms—these depictions of the "Passion cycle" do not always include Pilate, but they often do so; when he is included, he is often given stereotyped Jewish features. One of the earliest examples of Pilate rendered as a Jew is from the eleventh century on the Hildesheim cathedral doors (see image, above right). This is the first known usage of the motif of Pilate being influenced and corrupted by the Devil in Medieval Art. While some believe that the Devil on the doors is rendered as the Jew in disguise, other scholars hold that the Devil's connection to the Jews here is a little less direct, as the motif of the Jew as the Devil was not well-established at that point. Rather, increased tensions between Christians and Jews initiated the association of Jews as friends of the Devil, and the art alludes to this alliance. Pilate is typically represented in fourteen different scenes from his life; however, more than half of all thirteenth-century representations of Pilate show the trial of Jesus. Pilate also comes to be frequently depicted as present at the crucifixion, by the fifteenth century being a standard element of crucifixion artwork. While many images still draw from the Acts of Pilate, the Golden Legend of Jacobus de Voragine is the primary source for depictions of Pilate from the second half of the thirteenth century onward. Pilate now frequently appears in illuminations for books of hours, as well as in the richly illuminated Bibles moralisées, which include many biographical scenes adopted from the legendary material, although Pilate's washing of hands remains the most frequently depicted scene. In the Bible moralisée, Pilate is generally depicted as a Jew. In many other images, however, he is depicted as a king or with a mixture of attributes of a Jew and a king.
The fourteenth and fifteenth centuries see fewer depictions of Pilate, although he generally appears in cycles of artwork on the passion. He is sometimes replaced by Herod, Annas, and Caiaphas in the trial scene. Depictions of Pilate in this period are mostly found in private devotional settings such as on ivory or in books; he is also a major subject in a number of panel-paintings, mostly German, and frescoes, mostly Scandinavian. The most frequent scene to include Pilate is his washing of his hands; Pilate is typically portrayed similarly to the high priests as an old, bearded man, often wearing a Jewish hat but sometimes a crown, and typically carrying a scepter. Images of Pilate were especially popular in Italy, where, however, he was almost always portrayed as a Roman, and often appears in the new medium of large-scale church paintings. Pilate continued to be represented in various manuscript picture bibles and devotional works as well, often with innovative iconography, sometimes depicting scenes from the Pilate legends. Many, mostly German, engravings and woodcuts of Pilate were created in the fifteenth century. Images of Pilate were printed in the Biblia pauperum ("Bibles of the Poor"), picture bibles focusing on the life of Christ, as well as the Speculum Humanae Salvationis ("Mirror of Human Salvation"), which continued to be printed into the sixteenth century. | Ecce Homo from the Legnica Polyptych by Nikolaus Obilman, Silesia, 1466. Pilate stands beside Christ in a Jewish hat and golden robes. | 521 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 1,186 | 1,422 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlcombe | Charlcombe | Religious sites | Charlcombe / Religious sites | English: Parish church of the Blesséd Virgin Mary, Charlcombe, Somerset, seen from the southeast | null | false | true | Charlcombe is a civil parish and small village just north of Bath in the Bath and North East Somerset unitary authority, Somerset, England. The parish has a population of 422 and includes the villages of Woolley and Langridge. | The Church of St Mary, is a very ancient stone edifice, dating from the 12th century. It is said to have been at one period the parish church of the city of Bath. It is a Grade II* listed building. There was believed to be a holy well in the grounds. According to tradition it was formerly the mother church of Bath, and received an annual acknowledgment of a pound of pepper from the abbey there.
All Saints Church at Woolley dates from 1761 and was by John Wood, the Younger. It is Grade I listed.
In Langridge the Church of St Mary Magdalene dates from the 12th century and has been designated by English Heritage as a Grade I listed building. | The Church of St Mary | 544 | 1 | success | null | 640 | 480 | {} | 640 | 480 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tar%C5%82%C3%B3w | Tarłów | Fate of Tarłów's Jewish Population | Tarłów / Fate of Tarłów's Jewish Population | English: Ruins of Tarlow Synagogue | null | false | true | Tarłów is a village in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina called Gmina Tarłów. It lies approximately 30 kilometres north-east of Opatów and 79 km east of the regional capital Kielce. It is approximately 13 kilometres north of the town of Ozarow. The village has a population of 790, and belongs to historic province of Lesser Poland.
The history of Tarłów dates back to 1550, when a local nobleman, Andrzej Tarło, founded the town named after himself, which replaced the already existing village of Czekarzewice. Tarłów received its charter in 1550 from King Zygmunt August, in Piotrków Trybunalski. The town's inhabitants, thanks to the King's order, were exempt from paying taxes for 20 years. In 1614 Tarłów got its first, wooden church, founded by Mikołaj Oleśnicki. In 1636 a hospital was opened, and in 1647, the wooden church was replaced with a brick church of Holy Trinity, which still stands.
During the Deluge, Swedish invaders destroyed and ransacked most of Lesser Poland's towns, including Tarłów. After the wars, the town never recovered. | After World War I, about 1,000 Jews lived in Tarłów, roughly half of the small town's population. They worked in crafts and small-time trade - some farmed small plots of land near their homes. Most of its Jewish population was traditional (Orthodox) with a smaller percentage identifying with Zionism.
In September 1939, the Germans occupied Tarłów. They established a Judenrat, and forced them to collect large sums of money in ransoms, and also gathered Jewish residents for forced labor.
The ghetto in Tarłów was set up in December 1941. ln June 1942, seventy young Jews were sent from the ghetto to the Skarżysko-Kamienna labor camp. A few months later, the Germans brought Jews from nearby towns to the Tarłów ghetto, and the ghetto population swelled to approximately 7,000 people.
On October 29, 1942, the majority of ghetto inhabitants were deported to Treblinka. During the deportation, more than 100 Jews were murdered in Tarłów, the rest were sent to Treblinka where they were all murdered immediately. Afterwards, dozens who were found hiding were executed in a mass grave at the Jewish cemetery in Tarłów.
Today there is not a single Jew left in Tarłów or even within miles of the town. Not far from the centre, the town's former synagogue (built in 1786) lies in ruins, overrun with bushes and trees. | Ruins of Tarłów Synagogue. Foreground: Eli Rubenstein. His grandfather, Nechemia, immigrated from Tarłów to Toronto, Canada in 1913. | 535 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "SAMSUNG", "Image Model": "SAMSUNG PL200/VLUU PL200", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "QuickTime 7.6.6", "Image DateTime": "2011:09:14 15:51:30", "Image Copyright": "Copyright 2010", "Image ExifOffset": "224", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/291", "EXIF FNumber": "33/10", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "80", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2011:01:09 02:05:09", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2011:01:09 02:05:09", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "5876/3147", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "409/50", "EXIF ApertureValue": "689/200", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "1/4", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "689/200", "EXIF MeteringMode": "MultiSpot", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire", "EXIF FocalLength": "28/5", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "800", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "542", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "31", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal"} | 800 | 542 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_2000_Today | ABC 2000 Today | Broadcast highlights | ABC 2000 Today / Broadcast highlights | View of Times Square, New Year's Eve 1999. Originally captioned: "Looking at all the people behind us. Wut!?!? How did we get here? Read about how here". | null | false | true | ABC 2000 was an ABC News' coverage of the new millennium celebrations around the world from December 31, 1999, into January 1, 2000, as part of the 2000 Today programming in the United States. Peter Jennings anchored the 23 hours and 10 minutes of broadcast from Times Square Studios in Manhattan, New York. ABC temporarily converted the Good Morning America marquee broadcast studio into a type of "millennium command center" that included a desk, where a standing Jennings spent most of his time, two lounge chairs, where Jennings would interview guests, a large screen with a time-zone included map of the world, a wall of clocks, and a makeshift newsroom where ABC News staffers would follow the latest developments. | Originally, the name of the broadcast was ABC 2000, but it was officially retitled as ABC 2000 Today because ABC joined 60 other nations, all celebrating the dawn of the new millennium. The network was part of the 2000 Today consortium that included PBS, WGBH, the BBC in the United Kingdom, STAR TV, ATV, TVB, Phoenix Television, and CETV in Hong Kong, RCTI, SCTV, TPI, Anteve, Indosiar and MetroTV (test of transmission) in Indonesia, RTM, STMB, Mega TV and Astro in Malaysia, CCTV in China, TCS, CNA, TV12 and Singapore Cable Vision in Singapore, ABC in Australia, TV Asahi in Japan, MBC in South Korea, SABC in South Africa, TVE in Spain, Globo in Brazil, GMA Network in the Philippines, RTL in Germany, RTP in Portugal, TV3 in New Zealand, Televisa in Mexico, TVN in Chile, and the CBC in Canada. (The program was nonetheless consistently promoted under the ABC 2000 name, possibly to avoid confusion with the U.S. morning show Today, which airs on rival network NBC.)
This was by far the most comprehensive coverage of any of the broadcast networks. By contrast, CBS had hourly updates throughout the day with Dan Rather, a special 8 pm edition of the Late Show with David Letterman and from 10pm-1am ET, Rather and actor and rapper Will Smith hosted America's Millennium live from Times Square and Washington D.C. respectively. It was the only time since 1996 that CBS offered live New Year coverage. NBC had an extended edition of The Today Show, Dateline NBC at 8 pm and from 9pm-3am ET, Tom Brokaw and Katie Couric anchored NBC's millennium coverage, which included a special edition of The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, which took part in the millennium celebrations in Los Angeles.
Peter Jennings stayed on the air for the entire duration without a break using only commercial breaks and correspondent pieces to rest, eat, or change suits. He changed his wardrobe four times, including wearing a tuxedo when the ball was dropping at Times Square, and a sweater at the end of the ABC 2000 Today broadcast.
At least 175 million Americans tuned into some portion of ABC 2000 Today. The broadcast won a Peabody Award.
The theme music for ABC 2000 Today (which was also used for ABC News' election coverage that year) was from Epcot's IllumiNations: Reflections of Earth live show. The music was composed by Gavin Greenaway, who won an Emmy award for the work. Footage of IllumiNations: Reflections of Earth were shown in the opening and closing sequences. | ABC News's stage in Times Square. | 545 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "EPSON", "Image Model": "Perfection V30/V300", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "800", "Image YResolution": "800", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "QuickTime 7.6.6", "Image DateTime": "2010:07:27 23:54:19", "Image HostComputer": "Mac OS X 10.6.4", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image ExifOffset": "252", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "1999:12:31 23:02:43", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "4725", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "3136"} | 4,725 | 3,136 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1981_Iranian_Air_Force_C-130_crash | 1981 Iranian Air Force C-130 crash | null | 1981 Iranian Air Force C-130 crash | English: C-130 Hercules transport Military plane | null | true | true | On 29 September 1981, an Iranian Air Force C-130 military cargo aircraft crashed into a firing range near Kahrizak, Iran. The plane was flying from Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province to Tehran, while returning from an inspection tour of Iranian military gains in the Iran–Iraq War.
The crashed killed 80 people, including former Defence Minister Javad Fakoori, then-Defence Minister Mousa Namjoo, then-Chief-of-Staff of the Army Valiollah Fallahi, and then-commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Mohammad Jahanara. | On 29 September 1981, an Iranian Air Force C-130 military cargo aircraft crashed into a firing range near Kahrizak, Iran. The plane was flying from Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province to Tehran, while returning from an inspection tour of Iranian military gains in the Iran–Iraq War.
The crashed killed 80 people, including former Defence Minister Javad Fakoori, then-Defence Minister Mousa Namjoo, then-Chief-of-Staff of the Army Valiollah Fallahi, and then-commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Mohammad Jahanara. | An Iranian Air Force C-130E Hercules similar to the aircraft that crashed | 548 | 1 | success | null | 579 | 359 | {"Image Tag 0x000B": "Windows Photo Editor 10.0.10011.16384", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image Software": "Windows Photo Editor 10.0.10011.16384", "Image DateTime": "2018:09:26 11:45:01", "Image ExifOffset": "2242", "Image Padding": "[]", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "96", "Thumbnail YResolution": "96", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "4516", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "7485", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2018:09:26 11:42:46", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2018:09:26 11:42:46", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "00", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "00", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF Padding": "[]"} | 579 | 359 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden-Dotzheim | Wiesbaden-Dotzheim | null | Wiesbaden-Dotzheim | Bahnhof Wiesbaden-Dotzheim, November 2007 — Wiesbaden-Dotzheim railway station, Germany, Nov. 2007 | Dotzheim station on the Aartalbahn | true | false | Dotzheim is a western borough of Wiesbaden, capital of the state of Hesse, Germany. It is the second largest borough of the city by area and, with over 26,000 inhabitants the second-most populated of Wiesbaden's suburban boroughs. It was the largest village in the former Duchy of Nassau. The formerly independent village was incorporated into Wiesbaden in 1928. | Dotzheim is a western borough of Wiesbaden, capital of the state of Hesse, Germany. It is the second largest borough of the city by area and, with over 26,000 inhabitants the second-most populated of Wiesbaden's suburban boroughs. It was the largest village in the former Duchy of Nassau. The formerly independent village was incorporated into Wiesbaden in 1928. | Dotzheim station on the Aartalbahn | 547 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 1,280 | 960 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lear%27s_macaw | Lear's macaw | null | Lear's macaw | English: Sandstone cliffs in Bahia, Brazil. The rare parrot, Lear's Macaw (Anodorhynchus leari), nests in these cliffs. Português: Há nichos multiformes escavados nos paredões de arenito onde as araras azuis de lear dormem e nidificam. | null | false | false | Lear's macaw, also known as the indigo macaw, is a large all-blue Brazilian parrot, a member of a large group of neotropical parrots known as macaws. It was first described by Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1856. Lear's macaw is 70–75 cm long and weighs around 950 g. It is metallic blue with a faint, often barely visible, tinge of green, and a yellow patch of skin at the base of the heavy, black bill.
This macaw is rare with a highly restricted range. Its lifespan can exceed 30–50 years. | Lear's macaw (Anodorhynchus leari), also known as the indigo macaw, is a large all-blue Brazilian parrot, a member of a large group of neotropical parrots known as macaws. It was first described by Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1856. Lear's macaw is 70–75 cm (28–30 in) long and weighs around 950 g (2.09 lb). It is metallic blue with a faint, often barely visible, tinge of green, and a yellow patch of skin at the base of the heavy, black bill.
This macaw is rare with a highly restricted range. Its lifespan can exceed 30–50 years. | Nests in sandstone cliffs in Bahia, Brazil | 554 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon EOS DIGITAL REBEL XTi", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS3 Windows", "Image DateTime": "2007:12:30 11:52:20", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "232", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "1058", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "4927", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/200", "EXIF FNumber": "8", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Aperture Priority", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "400", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2007:12:17 10:38:56", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2007:12:17 10:38:56", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "125237/16384", "EXIF ApertureValue": "6", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "28", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "800", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "533", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "932", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "3888000/877", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "432000/97", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard"} | 800 | 533 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Pacana | La Pacana | Geography and structure | La Pacana / Geography and structure | English: The Guayaques group, seen from national highway 27 | null | false | true | La Pacana is a Miocene age caldera in northern Chile's Antofagasta Region. Part of the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes, it is part of the Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex, a major caldera and silicic ignimbrite volcanic field. This volcanic field is located in remote regions at the Zapaleri tripoint between Chile, Bolivia and Argentina.
La Pacana along with other regional volcanoes was formed by the subduction of the Nazca Plate beneath the South American Plate in the Peru-Chile Trench. La Pacana is situated in a basement formed by various Paleozoic formations and Tertiary ignimbrites and volcanoes. Several major faults cross the region at La Pacana and have influenced its volcanic activity.
La Pacana is a supervolcano and is responsible for the eruption of the giant Atana ignimbrite, which reaches a volume of 2,451–3,500 cubic kilometres and constitutes the fifth-largest explosive eruption known. The Atana ignimbrite was erupted 3.8 ± 0.1 and 4.2 ± 0.1 million years ago, almost simultaneously with the much smaller Toconao ignimbrite. | La Pacana lies in the Antofagasta Region of Chile, in the Andes just north of the Tropic of Capricorn. The border between Chile and Bolivia crosses the northern sector of the caldera. The area of La Pacana is largely uninhabitated; small settlements such as Socaire, Talabre and Toconao exist close to the Salar de Atacama, where streams descend the mountain slopes to the salar. The caldera was discovered during mapping efforts in the region between 1980–1985.
La Pacana is part of the Central Volcanic Zone, one of the four volcanic zones that make up the Andean Volcanic Belt and which are separated from each other by gaps without ongoing volcanic activity. A number of stratovolcanoes and ignimbrite-forming centres have erupted in the Central Volcanic Zone since the Miocene, about 50 of which are considered to be active. In addition, the Central Volcanic Zone features about 18 minor volcanic fields. The largest historical eruption of the Andes occurred in 1600 at Huaynaputina in Peru in the Central Volcanic Zone, and the most active volcano of the Central Volcanic Zone is Láscar in Chile.
La Pacana has a diameter of 60 by 35 kilometres (37 mi × 22 mi) with a north-south elongation. This is one of the best exposed and largest calderas in the world; the largest caldera known is Toba in Sumatra with a maximum length of 100 kilometres (62 mi). La Pacana might not be a single caldera; some reconstructions imply that the northern parts of the caldera are actually a separate collapse structure. The floor of the caldera lies at an elevation of 4,200–4,500 metres (13,800–14,800 ft), the central uplift and the caldera rim are higher and reach 5,200 metres (17,100 ft). The caldera rim is well exposed except in the northern and western sides, where later volcanism has buried it. After the formation of the caldera, sediments and tuffs within the caldera were uplifted over an angular area of 350 square kilometres (140 sq mi), forming the 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) high resurgent dome known as Cordón La Pacana. This resurgent dome is cut by numerous faults and features a poorly developed graben on its summit. Originally it was believed that the present-day calder rim did not coincide with the caldera ring fault, which was instead identified to coincide with margins of the resurgent dome; later research however indicates the present-day topographic margin as the caldera edge. The resurgent dome is separated from the caldera rim by a 2–10 kilometres (1.2–6.2 mi) wide moat that makes up about two thirds of the entire surface of the caldera, but is interrupted on the northern side of the caldera by the "hinge" of the caldera collapse, which assumed the form of a trap-door. The moat is filled by sediments formed by erosion and by alluvial, evaporite and lacustrine sediments left behind by lakes.
The collapse of the caldera cut through older volcanic centres, exposing the Ceja Alta and Quilapana porphyry deposits. Other older volcanic centres exposed in the walls of the caldera are the Cerro Aguas Calientes stratovolcano in the eastern wall and the Cerro Gigantes in the western wall. Volcanic activity resumed within the caldera and at the edge of the resurgent dome, forming lava domes between 4.1 and at least 1.6 million years ago. These volcanic centres include the Corral de Coquena crater and the lava domes of Morro Negro east, Cerro Bola and Purifican west and Cerros de Guayaques north of the resurgent dome. The Arenoso, Chamaca and Chivato Muerto lava domes in the southern wall of the caldera were originally considered to be pre-caldera; later these three domes were identified as post-caldera domes. Stratovolcanoes inside the caldera include the cones associated with the Cerros de Guayaques lava domes and the volcanoes Cerro Incaguasi, Cerros de Pili, Cerros Negros and Huailitas.
Some extant hot springs within the caldera may indicate that there is still a geothermal system associated with La Pacana, although not a very important one considering their low temperature (less than 25 °C (77 °F)). A few lakes such as the spring-fed Laguna de Chiva | The Guayaques volcanic group | 551 | 1 | success | null | 1,600 | 306 | {"Image Make": "NIKON CORPORATION", "Image Model": "NIKON D40", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS3 Windows", "Image DateTime": "2010:03:18 23:49:31", "Image Artist": "Gerard Prins", "Image Copyright": "\u00a9 Gerard Prins", "Image ExifOffset": "268", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "966", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "1867", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/200", "EXIF FNumber": "11", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Aperture Priority", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "200", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2008:02:21 16:49:07", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2008:02:21 16:49:07", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "477741/62500", "EXIF ApertureValue": "6918863/1000000", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "1/3", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "3", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire", "EXIF FocalLength": "17", "EXIF SubSecTime": "4", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "4", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "4", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "1600", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "306", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CVAPattern": "[2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0]", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "25", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "None", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Hard", "EXIF SubjectDistanceRange": "0"} | 1,600 | 306 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Forty-Nine | Ford Forty-Nine | null | Ford Forty-Nine | English: Ford Forty Nine concept car in black | null | true | true | The Ford Forty-Nine was a concept car created by the Ford Motor Company. It was designed by Chip Foose and was first introduced at the 2001 North American International Auto Show. It is a tribute to the 1949 Ford. A convertible was also built, finished in red, but it was a static display vehicle and as such had no running gear. | The Ford Forty-Nine was a concept car created by the Ford Motor Company. It was designed by Chip Foose and was first introduced at the 2001 North American International Auto Show. It is a tribute to the 1949 Ford. A convertible was also built, finished in red, but it was a static display vehicle and as such had no running gear. | Ford Forty Nine coupe | 542 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image PhotometricInterpretation": "2", "Image Make": "NIKON CORPORATION", "Image Model": "NIKON D3200", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "300", "Image YResolution": "300", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CC 2015 (Macintosh)", "Image DateTime": "2016:03:07 14:32:41", "Image ExifOffset": "236", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/60", "EXIF FNumber": "7/2", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Unidentified", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "450", "EXIF SensitivityType": "Recommended Exposure Index", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0230", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2016:02:27 17:49:26", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2016:02:27 17:49:26", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "4", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "11229/1901", "EXIF ApertureValue": "5357/1482", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "18/5", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash fired, auto mode, return light detected", "EXIF FocalLength": "19", "EXIF SubSecTime": "90", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "90", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "90", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "6016", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "4000", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "28", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "Low gain up", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF SubjectDistanceRange": "0"} | 6,016 | 4,000 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_Kingdom | Islam in the United Kingdom | Somalis | Islam in the United Kingdom / Demographics / African / Somalis | English: Young Somali women at a Somali community gathering in London with President of Somalia Hassan Sheikh Mohamud (May 2013). | null | false | true | Islam is the second largest religion in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, with results from the United Kingdom 2011 Census giving the UK Muslim population in 2011 as 2,516,000, 4.4% of the total population. The vast majority of Muslims in the United Kingdom live in England: 2,660,116. 76,737 Muslims live in Scotland, 45,950 in Wales. London has the greatest population of Muslims in the country. The majority of Muslims in United Kingdom adhere to Sunni Islam, while smaller numbers are associated with Shia Islam.
During the Middle Ages, there was some general cultural exchange between Christendom and the Islamic world, however, there were no Muslims in the British Isles. During the Elizabethan age contacts became more explicit as the Tudors made alliances against Catholic Habsburg Spain, including with Morocco and the Ottoman Empire. As the British Empire grew, particularly in India, Britain came to rule territories with many Muslim inhabitants; some of these, known as the lascars are known to have settled in Britain from the mid-18th century onwards. | The United Kingdom, with 43,532 Somalia-born residents in 2001, and an estimated 101,000 in 2008, is home to the largest Somali community in Europe. A 2009 estimate by Somali community organisations puts the Somali population figure at 90,000 residents. The first Somali immigrants were seamen and traders who arrived in small numbers in port cities in the late 19th century, although most Somalis in the UK are recent arrivals. Further more Somali European such as from Holland or Denmark have been emigrating in recent years. Established Somali communities are found in Bristol, Cardiff, Liverpool and London, and newer ones have formed in Leicester, Manchester and Sheffield. | Somali women at a Somali community gathering event in London | 546 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon EOS-1D X", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image DateTime": "2013:05:08 19:11:31", "Image Artist": "Warsame Omar", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image Copyright": "Warsame Omar", "Image ExifOffset": "360", "GPS GPSVersionID": "[2, 3, 0, 0]", "Image GPSInfo": "9570", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "11460", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "18019", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/125", "EXIF FNumber": "28/5", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "1600", "EXIF SensitivityType": "Recommended Exposure Index", "EXIF RecommendedExposureIndex": "1600", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0230", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2013:05:08 19:11:31", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2013:05:08 19:11:31", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "7", "EXIF ApertureValue": "5", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash fired, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "70", "EXIF SubSecTime": "06", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "06", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "06", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "5184", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "3456", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "9342", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "1036800/181", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "576000/101", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF CameraOwnerName": "", "EXIF BodySerialNumber": "043011000825", "EXIF LensSpecification": "[70, 200, 0, 0]", "EXIF LensModel": "EF70-200mm f/2.8L IS II USM", "EXIF LensSerialNumber": "0000c00cf4"} | 5,184 | 3,456 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_M%C3%B3naco | Juan Mónaco | 2012 | Juan Mónaco / Career / 2012 | Juan Monaco during his match with Viktor Troicki, on Day 5 of Wimbledon 2012. | null | false | true | Juan Monaco, nicknamed "Pico", is a former tennis player from Argentina. He won nine singles titles, reached the semifinals of the 2010 Shanghai Masters and the 2012 Miami Masters, and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world no. 10 in July 2012. He announced his retirement from professional tennis on 15 May 2017. | Monaco began his 2012 campaign at the 2012 Australian Open as the 25th seed, but was upset by Philipp Kohlschreiber in the first round. He then competed in the 2012 VTR Open as the top seed. He received a first-round bye, then defeated Igor Andreev, Albert Montañés, Jérémy Chardy, and finally Carlos Berlocq in the final. This was his fourth title and first since 2007, It also ended his seven consecutive runner-up finishes. He then represented Argentina against Germany in the first round of the Davis Cup and won his only match against Philipp Petzschner. He then played at the 2012 Copa Claro, losing to compatriot David Nalbandian. He then retired in his first-round match at the 2012 Abierto Mexicano Telcel due to dehydration against Albert Ramos. At the first Masters of the year, the 2012 BNP Paribas Open, he fell in the third round to eventual finalist John Isner. At the 2012 Sony Ericsson Open, he fell to world no. 1 and defending champion Novak Djokovic in his second Masters semifinals, after wins over Lu Yen-hsun, 14th seed Gaël Monfils, 31st seed Andy Roddick, and 8th seed Mardy Fish. This performance pushed him to no. 16 in the world, his highest ranking since May 2008.
He then played in the 2012 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships as the 4th seed and wild card. He beat Tatsuma Ito, Kevin Anderson, and Michael Russell to advance to the final. In the final, he faced second seed John Isner and won, to claim his second title of the year and fifth overall. He also matched his career-high ranking of no. 14 in the world after the win. He then played at the 2012 Monte-Carlo Rolex Masters, where he retired due to a right ankle injury in his first-round match against Robin Haase while leading by a break in the third. The injury also forced him to withdraw from the Barcelona Open and the Mutua Madrid Open.
He was seeded 14th in Rome and won his first two matches against Adrian Ungur, and Radek Štěpánek, before losing to defending champion and world no. 1 Novak Djokovic.
At the French Open, he first faced Frenchman Guillaume Rufin. He then cruised passed Lukáš Rosol. In the third round he had a tough match against the big-serving Canadian Milos Raonic and converted 3/16 break points and saved all break points he faced, the Argentinian won the match. He made it to the fourth round, where he lost to Rafael Nadal. He was broken twice in the first set and pulled a double bagel in the second and third, although he had a couple of break opportunities of his own in the second.
At the 2012 Wimbledon Championships, he finally notched his first career win on grass by beating compatriot Leonardo Mayer in the first round. He then followed it up with a win over Jérémy Chardy. In the third round, he lost to Viktor Troicki despite leading the 1st set by a break and coming back from a break in the second.
Juan Mónaco then played the 2012 MercedesCup, he cruised past Tobias Kamke and Pavol Červenák in straight sets after receiving a bye in the first round. He then faced Guillermo García-López and was leading 5–0 in the third set; he then lost 5 games in a row but eventually won 7–5. In the final he lost to top seed Janko Tipsarević, even after coming back from 1–4 in the second and had momentum in the third. He then played at the 2012 International German Open, he first met Cedrik-Marcel Stebe in the first round and won in three tight sets, being down 5–4 in the final set with Stebe serving for the match. He then won in straight sets against Daniel Muñoz de la Nava and Jérémy Chardy. In the semifinals he faced top seed Nicolás Almagro losing the first set, he came back and won the second. He was down 4–2 in the third but won the last 4 games to advance to the final. In the final he faced local man and wild card Tommy Haas and won being 4–1 down in the first. With the win he entered the top ten for the first time in his career.
He then played the Summer Olympics defeating David Goffin before losing to Feliciano López in the following round. He then suffered 4 loses in a row, losing in the second round of 2012 Rogers Cup to Mardy Fish, first ro | Monaco during his match with Viktor Troicki, on Day 5 of the 2012 Wimbledon Championships | 525 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Make": "NIKON CORPORATION", "Image Model": "NIKON D60", "Image XResolution": "300", "Image YResolution": "300", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Nikon Transfer 1.3 W", "Image DateTime": "2012:07:01 01:24:00", "Image Artist": "Picasa", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image ExifOffset": "226", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "3870", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "6229", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/640", "EXIF FNumber": "8", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Shutter Priority", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "400", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2012:06:29 14:53:26", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2012:06:29 14:53:26", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "5", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire", "EXIF FocalLength": "200", "EXIF SubSecTime": "30", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "30", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "30", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "1439", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1992", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "Interoperability RelatedImageWidth": "2896", "Interoperability RelatedImageLength": "1944", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "3722", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CVAPattern": "[0, 2, 0, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1]", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "300", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "Low gain up", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF SubjectDistanceRange": "0", "EXIF ImageUniqueID": "4d113f8a088cf6fcbcc386b805c9aa2d"} | 1,439 | 1,992 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Gilbert_(military_officer) | Thomas Gilbert (military officer) | null | Thomas Gilbert (military officer) | English: ColThomasGilbert, Freetown, Massachusetts | null | false | true | Thomas Gilbert was a soldier in King George's War, the French and Indian War and the American Revolution. He was known as the "Leader of the New England Tories." He became a Loyalist, originally from Assonet in Freetown, Massachusetts, he settled a community that was eventually named after him, Gilberts Cove, Nova Scotia.
During King George's War, he fought in the Siege of Louisbourg. During the French and Indian War, he also fought at the Battle of Lake George as Lieutenant-Colonel under Brigadier-General Timothy Ruggles afterwards of Wilmot, Nova Scotia, at Crown Point in 1755. Gilbert became commander of the forces under Colonel Ephraim Williams when the latter was killed in the same year at Lake George.
During the American Revolution, Gilbert and his three sons fought for the British in Massachusetts. In May 1783 they were exiled to Nova Scotia along with their slaves. They settled in the community that became known as Gilberts Cove, Nova Scotia. They later moved to Saint John River. | Thomas Gilbert (1715-1797) was a soldier in King George's War, the French and Indian War and the American Revolution. He was known as the "Leader of the New England Tories." He became a Loyalist, originally from Assonet in Freetown, Massachusetts, he settled a community that was eventually named after him, Gilberts Cove, Nova Scotia.
During King George's War, he fought in the Siege of Louisbourg (1745). During the French and Indian War, he also fought at the Battle of Lake George as Lieutenant-Colonel under Brigadier-General Timothy Ruggles afterwards of Wilmot, Nova Scotia (Upper Granville, Nova Scotia), at Crown Point in 1755. Gilbert became commander of the forces under Colonel Ephraim Williams when the latter was killed in the same year at Lake George.
During the American Revolution, Gilbert and his three sons fought for the British in Massachusetts. In May 1783 they were exiled to Nova Scotia along with their slaves. They settled in the community that became known as Gilberts Cove, Nova Scotia. They later moved to Saint John River (New Brunswick). | Col Thomas Gilbert House, Freetown, Massachusetts, former slave Patt (right)[1] | 552 | 1 | success | null | 557 | 438 | {} | 557 | 438 |
|
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andes | Andes | null | Andes | English: A lake in the Andes Mountains | null | false | true | The Andes are a mountain range along the western coast of South America.
They stretch over 7,000 km / 4,400 miles from the south of Argentina and Chile to the north of Colombia. They are also found in Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador.
The Amazon river system has its sources in the eastern flanks of the Andes.
The Andes are the longest exposed mountain range of the world, and the second-highest after the Himalayas. The Andes mountain range is the highest mountain range outside Asia.
Aconcagua, the highest peak, rises to 6,962 m above sea level. The top of Mount Chimborazo in the Ecuadorean Andes is the point on the Earth's surface most distant from its center. Mount Chimborazo is an inactive volcano in Ecuador, which last erupted over a thousand years ago. | The Andes are a mountain range along the western coast of South America.
They stretch over 7,000 km / 4,400 miles from the south of Argentina and Chile to the north of Colombia. They are also found in Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador.
The Amazon river system has its sources in the eastern flanks of the Andes.
The Andes are the longest exposed mountain range of the world, and the second-highest after the Himalayas. The Andes mountain range is the highest mountain range outside Asia.
Aconcagua, the highest peak, rises to 6,962 m (22,841 ft) above sea level. The top of Mount Chimborazo in the Ecuadorean Andes is the point on the Earth's surface most distant from its center. Mount Chimborazo is an inactive volcano in Ecuador, which last erupted over a thousand years ago. | A lake in the Andes Mountains | 558 | 1 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image Software": "Picasa", "Image Artist": "Picasa", "Image ExifOffset": "64", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "276", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "3922", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "727", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "545"} | 727 | 545 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War | Gulf War | Breach | Gulf War / Breach | English: M270 Multiple Launch Rocket Systems attack Iraqi positions during the 1st Gulf War, February 1991. | null | false | true | The Gulf War, codenamed Operation Desert Shield for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia and Operation Desert Storm in its combat phase, was a war waged by coalition forces from 35 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait arising from oil pricing and production disputes.
On 2 August 1990, the Iraqi Army invaded and occupied Kuwait, which was met with international condemnation and brought immediate economic sanctions against Iraq by members of the UN Security Council. UK prime minister Margaret Thatcher and US President George H. W. Bush deployed forces into Saudi Arabia, and urged other countries to send their own forces to the scene. An array of nations joined the coalition, forming the largest military alliance since World War II. Most of the coalition's military forces were from the US, with Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom and Egypt as leading contributors, in that order. Kuwait and Saudi Arabia paid around US$32 billion of the US$60 billion cost.
The war marked the introduction of live news broadcasts from the front lines of the battle, principally by the US network CNN. | Task Force 1-41 Infantry was the first coalition force to breach the Saudi Arabian border on 15 February 1991 and conduct ground combat operations in Iraq engaging in direct and indirect fire fights with the enemy on 17 February 1991. Prior to this action the Task Force's primary fire support battalion, 4th Battalion of the 3rd Field Artillery Regiment, participated in a massive artillery preparation. Around 300 guns from multiple nations participated in the artillery barrage. Over 14,000 rounds were fired during these missions. M270 Multiple Launch Rocket Systems contributed an additional 4,900 rockets fired at Iraqi targets. Iraq lost close to 22 artillery battalions during the initial stages of this barrage, including the destruction of approximately 396 Iraqi artillery pieces.
By the end of these raids Iraqi artillery assets had all but ceased to exist. One Iraqi unit that was totally destroyed during the preparation was the Iraqi 48th Infantry Division Artillery Group. The group's commander stated his unit lost 83 of its 100 guns to the artillery preparation. This artillery prep was supplemented by air attacks by B-52 bombers and Lockheed AC-130 fixed wing gunships. 1st Infantry Division Apache helicopters and B-52 bombers conducted raids against Iraq's 110th Infantry Brigade. The 1st Engineer Battalion and 9th Engineer Battalion marked and proofed assault lanes under direct and indirect enemy fire to secure a foothold in enemy territory and pass the 1st Infantry Division and the British 1st Armored Division forward.
On 24 February 1991 the 1st Cavalry Division conducted a couple artillery missions against Iraqi artillery units. One artillery mission struck a series of Iraqi bunkers, reinforced by Iraqi T-55 tanks, in the sector of the Iraqi 25th Infantry Division. The same day the 2nd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division with the 1st Battalion, 5th Cavalry, 1st Battalion, 32nd Armor, and the 1st Battalion, 8th Cavalry destroyed Iraqi bunkers and combat vehicles in the sector of the Iraqi 25th Infantry Division. On 24 February 2nd Brigade, 1st Infantry Division rolled through the breach in the Iraqi defense west of Wadi Al-Batin and also cleared the northeastern sector of the breach site of enemy resistance. Task Force 3-37th Armor breached the Iraqi defense clearing four passage lanes and expanding the gap under direct enemy fire. Also on 24 February the 1st Infantry Division along with the 1st Cavalry Division destroyed Iraqi outposts and patrols belonging to the Iraqi 26th Infantry Division. The two divisions also began capturing prisoners. The 1st Infantry Division cleared a zone between Phase Line Vermont and Phase Line Kansas. Once the 1st Infantry Division's 3rd Battalion, 37th Armor reached the Iraqi rear defensive positions it destroyed an Iraqi D-30 artillery battery and many trucks and bunkers.
Task Force 1-41 Infantry was given the task of breaching Iraq's initial defensive positions along the Iraq–Saudi Arabia border. The 1st Squadron, 4th Armored Cavalry Regiment handled similar responsibilities in its sector of operations. The 1st Infantry Division's 5th Battalion, 16th Infantry also played a significant role clearing the trenches and captured 160 Iraqi soldiers in the process. Once into Iraqi territory Task Force 1-41 Infantry encountered multiple Iraqi defensive positions and bunkers. These defensive positions were occupied by a brigade-sized element. Task Force 1-41 Infantry elements dismounted and prepared to engage the enemy soldiers who occupied these well-prepared and heavily fortified bunkers. The Task Force found itself engaged in six hours of combat in order to clear the extensive bunker complex. The Iraqis engaged the Task Force with small arms fire, RPGs, mortar fire, and what was left of Iraqi artillery assets. A series of battles unfolded resulting in heavy Iraqi casualties and the Iraqis being removed from their defensive positions with many becoming prisoners of war. Some escaped to be killed or captured by other coalition forces. In the process of clearing the bunkers, Task Force 1-41 captur | M270 Multiple Launch Rocket Systems attack Iraqi positions, February 1991 | 561 | 1 | success | null | 500 | 360 | {} | 500 | 360 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carris_Museum | Carris Museum | Collection | Carris Museum / Architecture / Collection | English: Núcleo 2 | null | false | true | The CARRIS Museum is a museum that is open to the public and showcases the history of public transport in Lisbon. It is situated in the civil parish of Alcântara, municipality of Lisbon. | This main museum is organised chronologically into thematic rooms, beginning with the establishment of the company and creation of animal traction vehicles, followed by the appearance of the funiculars, adoption of electric traction vehicles and followed by 20th century innovations. Documents and objects used in daily operation mark many of the exhibits on display. There are various models depicting the trams, buses and funiculars, as well as a reconstructed administrative area and medical centre.
The connection between the different exhibition areas is done by a short trip on a tram of the museum collection dating back to 1901. Its current appearance is that of the 1960s, when it was adapted for touristic services.
The secondary exhibits contains vehicles and workshop machinery, installed in two pavilions, that were inactive, renovated workshops
In the first pavilion the visitor finds a collection of animal and electric traction vehicles renovated from the service starting date and which establishes the link between the end of the 19th century and the end of the 1940s.
This chronological route extends to the second pavilion where apart from the reconstruction of a sub-station and a printing workshop with all its equipment, one finds electric trams and buses which establish the bridge between the beginning of the 1950s to the present day.
From the point of view of a live museum, all these vehicles are in perfect working order making touristic services and rentals possible, marking the important dates of the company's history to the public.
The Carris Museum continues to invest in new, dynamic initiatives in its space to expose the visitor to a variety of experiences and for this reason, the ‘Sala Multimedia’ (Multimedia Room) was inaugurated.
In this film room visitors can see the ‘Viagens com Vida’, which brings together the unique related experiences of former employees of the company while working for Carris.
The museum also has a shop where the general public can acquire a variety of objects relating to Carris and to its museum.
In the recently inaugurated third section, the visitor comes into contact with different vehicles, from those used at work to public service buses pending restoration.
The visit ends in the Gallery where temporary exhibitions from paintings, sculpture and photography are done.
Apart from the exhibited objects, the museum has set aside various pieces of historical interest from vehicles (buses and trams), numerous workshop parts, old tickets and objects of everyday life of the company. | A 20th century double-decker bus used by CARRIS | 4 | 2 | success | null | 287 | 231 | {} | 287 | 231 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertfordshire | Hertfordshire | Landmarks | Hertfordshire / Landmarks | English: Cheshunt: Theobalds These walls and entranceways are one of the few ruins left of the former Theobalds Palace, built by William Cecil, Lord Burghley, in the 1560s. Queen Elizabeth I was a frequent visitor to the Palace. She was succeeded by King James I who stayed at Theobalds in 1603 as a guest of Lord Burghley's son, Robert Cecil, while on his way from Scotland to be crowned in London. King James was so taken with Theobalds that he exchanged it with the Cecils for Hatfield House in 1607. King James I died at Theobalds in 1625, and it remained a royal palace during the reign of King Charles I. However after the accession of Oliver Cromwell and the execution of Charles in 1649, Theobalds was razed to the ground by the Parliamentarians. Today the remains can be found in Cedars Park. | null | false | true | Hertfordshire is one of the home counties in southern England. It is bordered by Bedfordshire and Cambridgeshire to the north, Essex to the east, Greater London to the south, and Buckinghamshire to the west. For government statistical purposes, it is placed in the East of England region.
In 2013, the county had a population of 1,140,700 in an area of 634 square miles. Hemel Hempstead, Stevenage, Watford, and the only city in the county, St Albans have between 50,000 and 100,000 residents. Hertford, once the main market town for the medieval agricultural county, derives its name from a hart and a ford, used as the components of the county's coat of arms and flag. Elevations are high for the region in the north and west. These reach over 800 feet in the western projection around Tring which is in the Chilterns. The county's borders are approximately the watersheds of the Colne and Lea; both flowing to the south; each accompanied by a canal. Hertfordshire's undeveloped land is mainly agricultural and much is protected by green belt. | Below is a list of notable visitor attractions in Hertfordshire:
Aldenham Country Park
Ashridge – the estate surrounding the neo-Gothic house by James Wyatt (not open to the public) is National Trust land.
Bridgewater Monument, built in 1832 in memory of Francis Egerton, 3rd Duke of Bridgewater. 108 feet (33 m) tall and open to the public to ascend to the top
Berkhamsted Castle
Cedars Park, Broxbourne – historic park once the site of James I's favourite residence, Theobalds Palace. Maintained by Broxbourne Services and the Friends of Cedars Park.
de Havilland Aircraft Heritage Centre, between London Colney and South Mimms
Hatfield
Hatfield House – Jacobean house, gardens and park
Mill Green Watermill in Hatfield
Henry Moore Foundation, Much Hadham – sculpture park on the work of Henry Moore
Knebworth House, 250 acres (1.0 km²) of country park, venue of many rock and pop festivals
Leavesden Film Studios, home of the Warner Bros. Making of Harry Potter studio tour
Letchworth Garden City – the world's first Garden City. Site of the first planned Green Belt, the UK's first roundabout, and a number of experiments in early town planning and house and factory design
Spirella Building
Magic Roundabout (Hemel Hempstead) – a complex road junction
Royston Cave – in Royston town centre
Rye House Gatehouse in Hoddesdon (part of the Rye House Plot to assassinate King Charles II)
St Albans
Beech Bottom Dyke – large-scale Iron Age defensive or boundary ditch
Sopwell Nunnery
St Albans Cathedral
Verulamium – Roman town remains, including museum of Roman life and the remains of a Roman amphitheatre
Scott's Grotto, Ware
Shaw's Corner, Ayot St Lawrence – home of George Bernard Shaw
Stevenage – the first UK New Town
Six Hills Roman barrows site
Therfield Heath – a local nature reserve in the north of the county
University of Hertfordshire – a public research university based in Hatfield
Welwyn Viaduct to the north of Welwyn Garden City
Walter Rothschild Zoological Museum, Tring – a museum-annotated collection of dead mammals, birds, reptiles and insects
Watford Museum, fine art and local artefacts | Cedars Park | 14 | 2 | success | null | 640 | 480 | {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon DIGITAL IXUS 40", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "180", "Image YResolution": "180", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image DateTime": "2007:08:27 09:25:17", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image ExifOffset": "196", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "180", "Thumbnail YResolution": "180", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "5108", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "4957", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/100", "EXIF FNumber": "14/5", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2007:08:27 09:25:17", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2007:08:27 09:25:17", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "3", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "213/32", "EXIF ApertureValue": "95/32", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "95/32", "EXIF MeteringMode": "CenterWeightedAverage", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, auto mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "29/5", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2272", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1704", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "Interoperability RelatedImageWidth": "2272", "Interoperability RelatedImageLength": "1704", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "2142", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "71000/7", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "71000/7", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard"} | 640 | 480 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svetlana_Goryacheva | Svetlana Goryacheva | null | Svetlana Goryacheva | Русский: Горячева Светлана Петровна (род. 1947) - член Совета Федерации Федерального Собрания Российской Федерации от Приморского края с сент. 2014. | null | false | false | Svetlana Petrovna Goryacheva is a Russian stateswoman and political figure. She is a deputy of the State Duma from the party A Just Russia, in which she serves as Deputy Chairman of the Committee on Rules and Organization and the deputy parliamentary leader of A Just Russia. Goryacheva was born in Risovy, a village in Anuchinsky District, Primorsky Krai.
She has been a deputy of the State Duma since 1995. She is also a member of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe.
Since September 2014, she has represented the Administration of Primorsky Territory in the Federation Council. First Deputy Chairman of the Federation Council Committee on Rules and Organization of parliamentary activity. | Svetlana Petrovna Goryacheva (Russian: Светла́на Петро́вна Горя́чева; née Bezdetko; born June 3, 1947) is a Russian stateswoman and political figure. She is a deputy of the State Duma from the party A Just Russia, in which she serves as Deputy Chairman of the Committee on Rules and Organization and the deputy parliamentary leader of A Just Russia. Goryacheva was born in Risovy, a village in Anuchinsky District, Primorsky Krai.
She has been a deputy of the State Duma since 1995. She is also a member of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe.
Since September 2014, she has represented the Administration of Primorsky Territory in the Federation Council. First Deputy Chairman of the Federation Council Committee on Rules and Organization of parliamentary activity. | Svetlana Goryacheva | 9 | 2 | success | null | 250 | 326 | {"Image ImageWidth": "3543", "Image ImageLength": "4950", "Image BitsPerSample": "[8, 8, 8]", "Image PhotometricInterpretation": "2", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image SamplesPerPixel": "3", "Image XResolution": "300", "Image YResolution": "300", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS5 Windows", "Image DateTime": "2014:11:11 11:34:03", "Image ExifOffset": "228", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "378", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "0", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF ColorSpace": "Uncalibrated", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "250", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "326"} | 250 | 326 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jubbulpore_Division | Jubbulpore Division | null | Jubbulpore Division | English: "The Thug School of Industry, Jubbulpore," a chromolithograph by William Simpson, 1867* (BL); this crafts school was meant for the children of dead or imprisoned thugs | null | false | true | The Jubbulpore Division, named after its capital Jabalpur, was one of the four former administrative divisions of the Central Provinces of British India. It was located in the Mahakoshal region of present-day Madhya Pradesh state of India. The Jubbulpore Division had an area of 48,401 km² with a population of 2,201,633 in 1881.
The Central Provinces became the Central Provinces and Berar in 1936 until the Independence of India. | The Jubbulpore Division, named after its capital Jabalpur (Jubbulpore), was one of the four former administrative divisions of the Central Provinces of British India. It was located in the Mahakoshal region of present-day Madhya Pradesh state of India. The Jubbulpore Division had an area of 48,401 km² with a population of 2,201,633 in 1881.
The Central Provinces became the Central Provinces and Berar in 1936 until the Independence of India. | "The Thug School of Industry, Jubbulpore," a chromolithograph by William Simpson, 1867; this crafts school was meant for the children of dead or imprisoned thugs | 15 | 2 | success | null | 712 | 496 | {} | 712 | 496 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_legendary_creatures_in_Hindu_mythology | List of legendary creatures in Hindu mythology | Demigods, Demons and Spirits | List of legendary creatures in Hindu mythology / Demigods, Demons and Spirits | English: Author: Ramanarayanadatta astri Volume: 1 Publisher: [Gorakhpur Geeta Press] Possible copyright status: NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT Language: Hindi Call number: AAO-3248 Digitizing sponsor: University of Toronto Book contributor: Robarts - University of Toronto Collection: robarts; toronto Full catalog record: MARCXML [Open Library icon]This book has an editable web page on Open Library. | null | false | true | This is a list of legendary creatures from Hindu and Greek folklore and fairy tales, sorted by their classification or affiliation. | Abhutarajas
A class of 10 gods of the Raivata Manvantara, the 5th. It is also called Abhutarayas.
Adyas
One of the 5 classes of gods in the 6th Manvantara, of which Caksusa was the Manu.
Angiris
The Angiris (or Angiras) are a group of celestial beings who are descendants of the Fire God Agni and the Goddess Agnayi, and responsible for watching over humans performing Yagna (sacrifices) and protecting the sacrificial fires
Apsara
An Apsara (also spelled as Apsarasa) is a female spirit of the clouds and waters in Hindu and Buddhist mythology. They are often wives of the Gandharvas. Notable apsarases:
Menaka
Pramlocha
Rambha
Tara
Tilottama
Urvashi
Adrika
Asura
The Asuras are mythological lord beings in Indian texts who compete for power with the more benevolent devas.
Daityas - In Hinduism, they are a clan or race of Asura as are the Danavas. Daityas were the children of Diti and the sage Kashyapa. The following are notable Daityas.
Hiranyaksha - eldest son of Kashyapa and Diti
Hiranyakashipu - second son of Kashyapa and Diti
Holika or Sinhika - daughter of Kashyapa and Diti
Prahlada - son of Hiranyakashipu
Virochana - son of Prahlada, father of Bali
Devamba - mother of Bali
Bali - son of Virochana
Banasura - son of Bali
Danavas - In Vedic mythology the Danavas were a race of Asura descending from Daksha.
The Kalakeyas or Kalakanjas were a powerful, ferocious and cruel clan of Danavas.
Nivatakavachas
The Nivatakavachas are a supernatural race of Asura demons, living deep under the oceans.
Bhuta
Aleya (or marsh ghost-light) is the name given to an unexplained strange light phenomena occurring over the marshes as observed in Bengal.
Chir Batti, Chhir Batti or Cheer batti is a ghost light reported in the Banni grasslands, a seasonal marshy wetlands and adjoining desert of the marshy salt flats of the Rann of Kutch.
Dakini
The dakini appeared in medieval legends in India (such as in the Bhagavata Purana, Brahma Purana, Markandeya Purana and Kathasaritsagara) as a demoness in the train of Kali who feeds on human flesh. The masculine form is known as Daka.
Gana
The Ganas or Gana-Devatas are the troops of deities, attendants of Shiva and live on Gana-parvata i.e., Kailasa. Ganesha was chosen as their leader by Shiva, hence Ganesha's title gaṇeśa or gaṇapati, "lord or leader of the ganas". The nine classes of Ganas are:
Adityas
Viswe-devas
Vasus
Tushitas (also Ája)
Abhaswaras; The "Shining Ones". A class of deities, 64 in number. They inhabit an ethereal world and preside over spiritual enlightenment.
Anila
Maharajikas; a class of subordinate deities in the order of 220 or 236.
Sadhyas; a class of minor Hindu gods who guard the rites and prayers of the greater gods.
Rudras
Gandharva
The Gandharvas are male nature spirits, husbands of the Apsaras. Some are part animal, usually a bird or horse.
Chitrasena, a character in the Indian epic Mahabharata, was a Gandharva king who taught song and dance to Arjuna.
Kabandha was a gandharva named Vishvavasu or Danu, who was cursed and made into an ugly, carnivorous demon by Indra,
Tumburu, a well-known Gandharva.
Guhyaka
Guhyaka(s) (गुह्यक, literally "hidden ones") is a class of supernatural beings in Hindu mythology. Like Yakshas (nature-spirits), they are often described as attendants of Kubera.
Kimpurusha
Kimpurusha were described to be lion-headed beings.
Kindeva
Kindeva are a race of human-like beings mentioned in the Hindu Puranas. They are said to have a human-like appearance, but also deva-like qualities, hence the term kindeva.
Kinnara
In Hindu mythology and Buddhist mythology, a kinnara is a paradigmatic lover, a celestial musician, half-human, half-horse/half-bird. The Kinnaris are the female counterpart of Kinnaras.
Kumbhanda
A Kumbhāṇḍa (Sanskrit) or Kumbhaṇḍa (Pāli) is one of a group of dwarfish, misshapen spirits among the lesser deities of Buddhist mythology.
Naga
Panis
The Panis are a class of demons in the Rigveda. The Panis appear in RV 10.108 as watchers over stolen cows.
Pishacha
The Pishachas are flesh-eating demons according to Indian mythology.
Preta
Preta is the San | Srikrishn fights with Banasura | 10 | 2 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image XResolution": "1", "Image YResolution": "1", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Not Absolute", "Image Software": "Picasa", "Image DateTime": "2014:08:10 17:37:19", "Image Artist": "Picasa", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image ExifOffset": "162", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "412", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "8493", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2014:08:10 16:44:24", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "Uncalibrated", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "1194", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1273", "EXIF ImageUniqueID": "56e17a233e70f753b6f183970e83eead"} | 1,036 | 1,093 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-libertarianism | Left-libertarianism | Civil liberties | Left-libertarianism / Philosophy / Civil liberties | English: Photographic portrait of Emma Goldman, facing left. Cropped and restored from original Library of Congress version. | null | false | true | Left-libertarianism, also known as egalitarian libertarianism, left-wing libertarianism or social libertarianism, is a political philosophy and type of libertarianism that stresses both individual freedom and social equality. Left-libertarianism represents several related yet distinct approaches to political and social theory. In its classical usage, it refers to anti-authoritarian varieties of left-wing politics such as anarchism, especially social anarchism, whose adherents simply call it libertarianism. In the United States, it represents the left-wing of the libertarian movement and the political positions associated with academic philosophers Hillel Steiner, Philippe Van Parijs and Peter Vallentyne that combine self-ownership with an egalitarian approach to natural resources. This is done to distinguish libertarian views on the nature of property and capital, usually along left–right or socialist–capitalist lines.
While maintaining full respect for personal property, left-libertarians are opposed to capitalism and the private ownership of the means of production. | Left-libertarians have been advocates and activists of civil liberties, including free love and free thought. Free love appeared alongside anarcha-feminism and advocacy of LGBT rights. Anarcha-feminism developed as a synthesis of radical feminism and anarchism and views patriarchy as a fundamental manifestation of compulsory government. It was inspired by the late-19th-century writings of early feminist anarchists such as Lucy Parsons, Emma Goldman, Voltairine de Cleyre and Virginia Bolten. Advocates of free love viewed sexual freedom as a clear, direct expression of individual sovereignty and they particularly stressed women's rights as most sexual laws discriminated against women: for example, marriage laws and anti-birth control measures. Like other radical feminists, anarcha-feminists criticize and advocate the abolition of traditional conceptions of family, education and gender roles. Free Society (1895–1897 as The Firebrand, 1897–1904 as Free Society) was an anarchist newspaper in the United States that staunchly advocated free love and women's rights while criticizing comstockery, the censorship of sexual information. Anarcha-feminism has voiced opinions and taken action around certain sex-related subjects such as pornography, BDSM and the sex industry.
Free thought is a philosophical viewpoint that holds opinions should be formed on the basis of science, logic and reason in contrast with authority, tradition or other dogmas. In the United States, free thought was an anti-Christian, anti-clerical movement whose purpose was to make the individual politically and spiritually free to decide on religious matters. A number of contributors to Liberty were prominent figures in both free thought and anarchism. Catalan anarchist and free-thinker Francesc Ferrer i Guàrdia established modern or progressive schools in Barcelona in defiance of an educational system controlled by the Catholic Church. Fiercely anti-clerical, Ferrer believed in "freedom in education", i.e. education free from the authority of the church and state. The schools' stated goal was to "educate the working class in a rational, secular and non-coercive setting".
Later in the 20th century, Austrian Freudo-Marxist Wilhelm Reich, who coined the term sexual revolution in one of his books from the 1940s, became a consistent propagandist for sexual freedom, going as far as opening free sex-counseling clinics in Vienna for working-class patients (Sex-Pol stood for the German Society of Proletarian Sexual Politics). According to Elizabeth Danto, Reich offered a mixture of "psychoanalytic counseling, Marxist advice and contraceptives" and "argued for sexual expressiveness for all, including the young and the unmarried, with a permissiveness that unsettled both the political left and the psychoanalysts". The clinics were immediately overcrowded by people seeking help. During the early 1970s, the English anarchist and pacifist Alex Comfort achieved international celebrity for writing the sex manuals The Joy of Sex and More Joy of Sex. | American anarchist Emma Goldman, prominent anarcha-feminist, free love and freethought activist | 1 | 2 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 879 | 1,236 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macchia_(Montecorvino_Rovella) | Macchia (Montecorvino Rovella) | null | Macchia (Montecorvino Rovella) | English: View of the central road (Via Fratelli Rosselli) of the village of Macchia, in the Province of Salerno. | The central street Via Fratelli Rosselli | true | true | Macchia is an Italian village and hamlet of the municipality of Montecorvino Rovella in the Province of Salerno, Campania. With a population of 1,933, is the largest frazione of Montecorvino. | Macchia is an Italian village and hamlet (frazione) of the municipality of Montecorvino Rovella in the Province of Salerno, Campania. With a population of 1,933 (2011), is the largest frazione of Montecorvino. | The central street Via Fratelli Rosselli | 2 | 2 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {} | 1,024 | 635 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonial_architecture_of_Indonesia | Colonial architecture of Indonesia | The outer islands | Colonial architecture of Indonesia / The outer islands | English: BKS PPS building (Badan Kerja-sama Perusahaan Perkebunan Sumatera (Sumatra Planters Association), formerly AVROS (Algemeene Vereeniging van Rubberplanters ter Oostkust van Sumatera. A Dutch rationalist masterpiece by G.H. Mulder (1918) | null | false | true | Dutch colonial architecture in Indonesia were built across the archipelago that once was known as Dutch East Indies. Most of the better and permanent colonial era structures are located in Java and Sumatra, which were economically considered more important during the Dutch imperial period. As a result, there are large number of colonial buildings concentrated in its cities. Plenty of old VOC era forts and warehouses are also scattered throughout the archipelago, particularly around Maluku Islands and Sulawesi. There are three Dutch colonial architectural styles:
Old Indies Style
Indies Empire style
New Indies Style | There are plenty of colonial architecture and infrastructure that remain functional beyond Java. The island of Sumatra in particular benefited from its abundance of oil and tin, in comparison to Java's mostly plantation based economy. The best buildings are concentrated in West Sumatra, North Sumatra and Aceh. Medan was once known as "Parijs van Sumatra" and have a large number of Art Deco colonial offices concentrated around Kesawan Square. For the European and upper class local population the Dutch had planned and built the Garden Suburb of Polonia. Moorish Revival architecture also paved their way to Sumatra's Mosque design. The Maimun Palace and Great Mosque of Medan are beautiful example of the movement. There are large concentration of colonial offices, public buildings and villas in the city of Padang, Sawahlunto, Bukittingi and Banda Aceh, all of which was major economic cities in colonial Sumatra. Other parts of Sumatra also include Bangka-Belitung Islands Regency (a major source of Tin), and the pepper port of Bengkulu.
In Makassar, which once was considered the gateway for Eastern province, has several fine colonial era buildings. The best surviving example of colonial buildings is Fort Rotterdam, followed by the old Cityhall, Court of Justice and Harmonie Society building that now function as an art gallery. Large scale demolition of colonial era old town took place in Makassar as a result of its harbor expansion.
Colonial rule was never as extensive on the island of Bali as it was on Java— it was only in 1906, for example, that the Dutch gained full control of the island—and consequently the island only has a limited stock of colonial architecture. Singaraja, the island's former colonial capital and port, has a number of art-deco kantor style homes, tree-lined streets and dilapidated warehouses. The hill town of Munduk, a town amongst plantations established by the Dutch, is Bali's only other significant group of colonial architecture; a number of mini mansions in the Balinese-Dutch style still survive.
There are numerous forts built by European powers across the archipelago, but the highest concentration are located around the Maluku Islands. Most are built the early colonial era to protect Dutch interest in the spice trade. There is particularly a high concentration of colonial buildings in Banda Neira, Saparua, and Nusa Laut, with several 17-18th century churches and fortification. Ambon City was once renowned for its "colonial charm" and stock of Dutch buildings; however, the city was largely destroyed during World War II. | Art Deco in Medan appeared in the former building of AVROS, now the Sumatra Planters Association (BKS PPS). | 8 | 2 | success | null | 512 | 512 | {"Image ImageWidth": "4032", "Image ImageLength": "3024", "Image BitsPerSample": "[8, 8, 8]", "Image PhotometricInterpretation": "2", "Image Make": "Apple", "Image Model": "iPhone 6s", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image SamplesPerPixel": "3", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Windows)", "Image DateTime": "2016:03:03 19:46:06", "Image ExifOffset": "272", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "922", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "7676", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/657", "EXIF FNumber": "11/5", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "25", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2016:02:07 17:50:48", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2016:02:07 17:50:48", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "14255/1523", "EXIF ApertureValue": "7892/3469", "EXIF BrightnessValue": "22682/2605", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "83/20", "EXIF SubjectArea": "[2015, 1511, 2217, 1330]", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "882", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "882", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "3379", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "3007", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "29", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF LensSpecification": "[83/20, 83/20, 11/5, 11/5]", "EXIF LensMake": "Apple", "EXIF LensModel": "iPhone 6s back camera 4.15mm f/2.2"} | 3,379 | 3,007 |
Subsets and Splits