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https://openalex.org/W4291190048 | Design of Sustainable Building by Considering Green Materials – Case Study in Salalah Oman | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4291190048 | The present study is based on analyzing the sustainable approaches toward adaptation of green building , materials and technology. The implemented standards to reduce resource and energy usage is applied to improve the living standards of people and society. The study is focused on construction industry of Oman and consider fiver case studies from Salalah based on designing green building in Dhofar region. The green building and construction is rated according to standards provided by LEED organization. The study compare the case studies and develop model for sustainable building. The simulation results indicates the improtance of green building in saving energy and resources such as Eco-house. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2903673900 | Innovative Building Material for the House Construction for Solar Decathlon Middle East 2018 Competition | [
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https://openalex.org/W4360977765 | Green Supply Chains: A Comparative Efficiency Analysis in the Gulf and Beyond | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4360977765 | Abstract We compare the development of Sustainable (Green) Supply in three regions of the world, the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) in the Middle East, six countries in Europe, and six countries in Latin America, which were selected based on their Logistics Performance Index over a 10-year period. We based our empirical analysis on UN SDGs concerned with clean energy, innovation, sustainable communities, and climate action (SDGs 7, 9, 11, and 13, respectively). Using a modified RAM-DEA model, our results showed high logistics performance but significant divergence in green logistics performance among GCC countries. Countries in Western Europe led in terms of inputs that result in green outputs. Strong contenders in green supply chains include the UAE, Oman, México, Panamá, and Ecuador. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2467343711 | Attitudes of Omani Social Studies Student Teachers to Tourism for Sustainable Development | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2467343711 | <p style="text-align: justify;">The aim of the study is to investigate the attitudes of student teachers of Social Studies to tourism for sustainable development. The study participants were the entire cohort of final year student teachers of Social Studies in the College of Education at Sultan Qaboos University in the Sultanate of Oman. There were 65 in total, 26 male and 39 female. Data was gathered through a questionnaire consisting of 37 items divided into 6 areas: attitudes to tourism; the impact of tourism on the economy; the impact of tourism on society and culture; the negative influences of tourism; tourism management, and working in the tourism sector. The results showed that student teachers of Social Studies hold positive attitudes towards tourism for sustainable development. There was no significant difference with regard to gender.</p> | [
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https://openalex.org/W4385703377 | The Role of Geographic Information System in Environmental Planning and Management in Oman | [
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https://openalex.org/W2995960514 | Building sustainable models and assessments into petroleum companies: theory and application | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2995960514 | There is an urgent need to build sustainable models to predict future in oil and gas sector to accommodate and respond to the short-term pressures. One of the main issues in petroleum companies is the concept of sustainability interpreted in a multitude of different ways. Numerous frameworks have been presented to assess sustainability, but there is no agreement on a common set of criteria for analysis, investigation, modelling and assessment. A framework of sustainability in oil and gas industry was built and investigated on two important levels: micro-level and macro-level. The micro-level was proposed to evaluate sustainable index in an individual petroleum company and macro-level was suggested to assess sustainable index in the whole oil and gas sector. Practical indicators have been suggested, developed and evaluated to assess sustainability indexes. An implementation of the suggested framework was applied through three big petroleum companies in Sultanate of Oman. The results show that some companies had sustainable indices of more importance than others. | [
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https://openalex.org/W3151091210 | Smart-Eco-House in Oman as a Key Component of a Sustainable Future - Field Study | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4387880321 | This study is probably the first of its kind to explore the potential and challenges of developing a clean energy transition through sustainable exploration and the use of lithium in Oman’s mining industry. This study explains how growing energy and environmental concerns significantly intensify interest in electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, consequently increasing the demand for lithium exploration and production. Whereas Umm as Samim and Mahout are usually identified as major resources for a potential lithium commodity, this study uses statistical data from Oman’s National Center of Statistics and Information (NCSI) to determine the quantity and value of salt, lithium production, and sales to assess their commercial viability. The findings reveal that Oman has huge potential for lithium exploitation and production, considering the enormous quantities of spodumene and seawater salt with high-grade lithium available, developing efficient regulations and rules to protect investors’ rights, and reducing the environmental risks associated with the production and recycling of lithium-ion batteries. The realization of this potential cannot be attained until serious challenges in the country’s regulations, environmental hazards, and investment strategy are overcome. This study concludes by offering some practical and policy implications. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4390863415 | Crude Oil Price Bubble Identification and Risk Assessment From Different Spot Markets: Establishing a Sustainable Energy Policy | [
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"Oman"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4390863415 | Crude oil, as a strategic energy resource for social development, has witnessed substantial price fluctuations in recent years, impacting the sustainability of economy, ecological environment, and energy security. This paper utilized weekly crude oil price data from January 2003 to March 2023 to examine price bubbles in different markets using the SADF and GSADF methods, identified the duration of price bubbles by comparing the BSADF series with critical value series, assessed the risk of price bubbles in different markets using the established comprehensive indicators, and explored sustainable energy policies from the perspectives of both crude oil importers and exporters. The findings of this study indicate that bubbles exist in the world’s major crude oil markets, with linkages and differences in their origin and termination across different markets. The risk of price bubbles varies widely across different crude oil markets and has significant geographical characteristics, with a higher risk in the markets such as OPEC, Oman, and Dubai, and a lower risk in the markets such as WTI, Brent, and Daqing. This paper proposes sustainable energy policies from the perspective of energy importers and exporters. This is of great importance to enhance the ability of different countries to cope with the risk of crude oil price bubbles and to ensure the sustainability of economic development, ecological environment, and energy security. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4390114969 | Cultivating sustainable environmental performance: The role of green talent management, transformational leadership, and employee engagement with green initiatives | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4390114969 | The success of organizations' sustainable performance mainly depends on their human resource capital and for this organizations now need to focus on green human capital development programs including green talent management (GTM). GTM entails attracting, nurturing, and retaining those people who can promote the green initiatives of the organization.This paper aims to investigate the impact of GTM, transformational leadership, and employee engagement on the sustainable environmental performance of organizations.The data were collected from both academic and administrative employees in five Omani higher education institutions (HEIs). In total 367 questionnaires were collected using drop-off and pickup methods.The results of the study showed that green hard and green soft talent management (TM) and employee engagement with green initiatives are significant predictors of the sustainable environmental performance of HEIs. Moreover, transformational leadership can moderate the influence of green soft TM on employee engagement with green initiatives by strengthening the relationship.For sustainable performance and development, organizations especially HEIs need to actively assume their social responsibilities and implement sustainable environmental management. The present study provides meaningful implications for practitioners, educational policymakers, and leaders to promote GTM and employee engagement for sustainable environmental performance. Supporting green skill development, engaging employees with green initiatives, and promoting staff with green skills can help organizations particularly HEIs to increase their sustainable environmental performance and gain a competitive advantage. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W3038917794 | دور المشاریع التربویة المشارکة بجائزة السلطان قابوس للتنمیة المستدامة فی تنمیة مهارات ریادة الأعمال لدى طلبة مدارس التعلیم ما بعد الأساسی بمحافظة شمال الشرقیة فی سلطنة عُمان. The role of educational projects participating in the Sultan Qaboos Prize for Sustainable Development in developing entrepreneurial skills among students of post-basic education | [
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"Oman"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3038917794 | المستخلص : هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرف على دور المشاريع التربوية المشارکة بجائزة السلطان قابوس للتنمية المستدامة في تنمية مهارات ريادة الأعمال لدى طلبة مدارس التعليم ما بعد الأساسي بمحافظة شمال الشرقية في سلطنة عمان ، واتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي، کما استخدمت الاستبانة في جمع البيانات والمعلومات وتم تطبيقها على عينة مکونة من (406) طالب وطالبة. وتوصلت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن دور المشاريع التربوية المشارکة بجائزة السلطان قابوس للتنمية المستدامة في تنمية مهارات ريادة الأعمال لدى طلبة مدارس التعليم ما بعد الأساسي بمحافظة شمال الشرقية في سلطنة عمان جاءت بدرجة متوسطة بشکل عام ، کما جاء بدرجة متوسطة في جميع محاور الدراسة وهي مهارة ادارة الأعمال ، ومهارات التواصل الاجتماعي، والمهارات التحليلية ، والمهارات الشخصية على الترتيب، وکشفت النتائج أيضا عن عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في استجابات أفراد عينة الدراسة عند مستوى (α ≤ 0.05) تعزى إلى متغير الصف الدراسي، ولکن وجدت هذه الفروق في متغير الجنس ولصالح الإناث، ومتغير التخصص لصالح المواد التطبيقية.
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify The role of educational projects participating in the Sultan Qaboos Prize for Sustainable Development in developing entrepreneurial skills among students of post-basic education schools in the North- Alsharqia Governorate, Sultanate of Oman, study used a descriptive method also used the questionnaire to collect data and information were applied to a sample of (406) Students. The findings of the study showed The role of educational projects participating in the Sultan Qaboos Prize for Sustainable Development in developing entrepreneurial skills among students was came generally Medium; They also came Medium of all Fields, It is a business management skill, Social and communication skills, analytical skills and personal skills Respectively, Results also showed that there were no significant differences at (α ≤ 0.05) in the class variable. But, these differences were found in the gender variable and in favor of females, and the specialization variable in favor of applied subjects. | [
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764693894",
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https://openalex.org/W2946818677 | Correlator for strategies for an ecologically adaptable urban and architectural development | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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] | [
"Oman"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2946818677 | 40 years after “The limits to growth” the post oil boom economy affects countries in resource scarce environments like the Arabian Peninsula in the Middle East with expanding urbanization.
Those cities and architectures are based on fossil fuel driven technologies to control the surrounding arid hot climate for the benefits of human comfort. As a result skyscrapers are flourishing out of desert sands. Their ecological footprint in terms of resource consumption and the resulting emissions
is nearly six planet earths, but celebrated by imported quantitative evaluation methods from
North America or Europe with platinum medals for sustainable building practices. This dichotomy displays the global quest for ‘sustainable’ development on the one hand side and the lack of integrating
the inherent bio-climatic, socio-cultural and political-economical prerequisites of those newly developing countries on the other. Whereas traditional desert oases settlements have been as self-sufficient and self-organising systems perfectly interconnected with all prevalent natural resources and cultural conditions inherent to the region. Such integral understanding draws on the logic of the immanent relations of the natural, human and built environment or in other words on ecology.
An ecological understanding is used in this work to determine the qualitative relationships of urban and architectural (built) environments in conjunction to prevalent natural (ecosphere) and human (anthroposhere) conditions. On the assumption that the built environment acts as levelling layer
between the human and the natural environment in order to compensate bio-climate conditions for the comfort of social-cultural context desires, the main research question raises as such: How can cities and architectures become support systems (rather than energy and resource consumers)
that have the properties to co-evolve as cooperative sub-systems with the surrounding natural and human preconditions under the rules of ecology in general? And in particular: How can the concept
of a traditional self-sustaining desert oasis provide future strategies for sustainable development of cities and architecture?
Rules of ecological systems are understood here as instruments to an appropriate urban planning that follows the principles of higher adaptability and self-organization patterns to generate conditions.
System theories are consulted to determine principles and strategies of complex viable systems of nature. These then form the matrix for analysis of case studies on urbanization patterns of
pre-and post-oil era in the Sultanate of Oman on the Arabian Peninsula and are used to extrapolate potentials and missing links within urban systems through support strategies. Those results are further transferred into a general model of interconnections (Correlator) of components of urbanism,
architecture and technologies in conjunction to the natural and human environment. The resulting model provides a correlation matrix that orders elements and flows from the natural to the built environment via considering principles of human systems and strategies of ecological
systems. It proposes a template of possible elements and strategies for interconnection, which determine the quality of adaptable, viable and thus ‘sustainable’ urban environments. The Correlator shows possibilities and fields of action for the holistic thinking of architecture and urbanism as
support system and thus for the decision-making processes in planning, policy, and the design of the built environment.
Finally this work demonstrates strategies for ‘sustainable development’ where the correlation matrix and the knowledge of the quality of ecological network connections proposes an aide-memoir to de-specify the tunnel-visioned expertise of past innovations and prioritizes ‘Vernetztes Denken’
for newly meaningful concepts for a new planning culture that enable viable urban and architectural development, not only within desert regions. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2970944015 | Internal and external corporate governance mechanisms in the context of the emerging market | [
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"Kuwait"
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2970944015 | This review paper highlights the internal and external corporate governance mechanisms in the State of Kuwait. It sheds light on the legal environment by which Shari’ah is a major source of legislation. Since culture is influenced by religion, the ownership structure is, therefore, affecting legislation. Further, it discusses the market for corporate control, which is an important determinant of corporate governance external mechanism. Due to regional geopolitical instability, disruption of the full implementation of corporate governance and code of ethics is prevalent. Nevertheless, Kuwait is on the right path for the reinforcement of corporate governance and its code of ethics. | [
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https://openalex.org/W1506545011 | Corporate Governance and Economic Performance | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1506545011 | Abstract Corporate governance has time and again been the subject of extensive scrutiny and controversy. Much of the debate of the 1960s and 1970s focused on the managerial corporation in the USA and the UK, inspired by the seminal work of Berle and Means (1932). The separation of ownership from control has been blamed for spectacular business failures. While there is ample evidence about corporate governance and performance in the USA and the UK, very little is known about the functioning of corporate governance elsewhere. "Corporate Governance and Economic Performance" presents evidence about corporate governance and performance in a large number of countries. It is the result of a collective research effort by the members of the European Corporate Governance Network (ECGN), which brought together 'country teams' familiar with the language and corporate culture of their respective countries. The volume focuses on Austria, Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Spain, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States. While the 'owner--manager conflict' appears to dominate in the USA and the UK, the 'large--small shareholder' conflict is important in Continental Europe. Based on this evidence, the authors derive important policy implications for capital market reform in Europe. | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2912954825 | Abstract Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate political activities are complementary, and the coordinated management of corporate social responsibility and corporate political activities may lead to better firm performance. However, corporate social responsibility and corporate political activities should be aligned carefully to utilize this complementarity. Strategic flexibility, which is the ability of a firm to adapt to changes in the external environment and make necessary organizational modifications quickly, can help firms to align their corporate social responsibility and corporate political activities. This paper empirically investigates the political dimension and the interactive dimension which describes interactions between corporate social responsibility and corporate political activities together with strategic flexibility and their effects on firm performance through a study of 142 firms in Turkey using moderated multiple regression methods. The results show that, while the political dimension had an inverted U‐shaped effect on firm performance, indicating that only a moderate level of corporate political activities may improve financial performance, the interactive dimension had positive but limited implications for performance. Finally, it was found strategic flexibility plays a positive moderating role on the relationships between the interactive dimension and firm performance. It is concluded that complementarity between corporate social responsibility and corporate political activities which may result in better performance is contingent on strategic flexibility. | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2099297011 | Corporate Governance rules are now contained in a multitude of Corporate Governance Codes worldwide. There are still different approaches concerning the implementation and enforcement of Corporate Governance codes in Europe. Besides the Corporate Governance Codes of Germany and other EU Member States, particularly the Combined Code in the UK, another very interesting Corporate Governance Code is found in Turkey's “Corporate Governance Principles” of 2003, amended in 2005. The “Principles” were established by the Capital Markets Board of Turkey. The Turkish “Principles” may become even more important in the near future, when the new Turkish Commercial Code will come into force. The article concludes with a discussion on how far a harmonization of Corporate Governance rules in Europe and worldwide should go, particular in view of the “path dependence” of Corporate Governance rules, for example concerning the diversity of board structures and remuneration models. It turns out that no single Corporate Governance model fits every country. | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1499366011 | The main objective of this study is to analyze the development of corporate governance in Turkey, particularly after 2006 comparing it with Canada, a country reputed to have one of the best corporate governance systems in the world. Through the process of comparison, the overall goal of the study is to identify current strengths and weaknesses of the Turkish system and to determine whether Turkey is moving forward faster in terms of corporate governance practices than Canada. The study shows that Turkey has improved its corporate governance continuously with extremely quick development of many aspects of modern corporate governance. Development of effective and efficient boards, on the other hand, represents a variable that slows down this progress. Also the claim that “developing countries are closing the gap they have in terms of corporate governance with developed countries” finds support. Another significant finding is that although there was no change in Turkey’s positive trend in corporate governance development during the 2008-2009 financial crisis, Canada’s corporate governance practice and reputation were negatively affected in a notable way during this period. It is concluded that researchers and practitioners should give special attention to board development and its functioning in order to develop corporate governance in Turkey, and also in Canada, because this factor is found to be weak compared to other factors in Turkey and Canada. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2740030057 | A Primer on Corporate Governance: Turkey | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2740030057 | Takes an in-depth and comprehensive assessment of corporate governance in Turkey, at a cross section in time when the country is going through major multidimensional transformations. Turkey is denoted as a country of contrasts with respect to its performance on economic and social dimensions. The recent changes in the economy as well as its structural characteristics are presented in the first part of the book. This is crucial for a holistic understanding of the Turkish business system embedded in a dynamic but at times erratic economic context that influences all the governance practices at public and private sectors. History is another dimension to fully grasp the essential traits of the business system and its governance attributes. Hence, the historical antecedents of Turkish corporate governance are provided to the readers as a background in the first part of the book. Building on this background, external and internal mechanisms of corporate governance are discussed in the subsequent chapters. Legal system of the country, its company laws, regulatory authorities, and the state of the market for corporate control, as well as the socio-cultural norms, ways of doing business, and the Turkish code of good governance are examined as the external mechanisms shaping the corporate governance practices of companies. Characteristics of the board of directors, ownership structure, and management teams of Turkish companies are analyzed as internal control mechanisms. The last part of the book includes a conclusion section, discussing current and future corporate governance challenges in the Turkish business context. | [] |
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2486101282 | Corporate education is centred on introducing learning techniques to stimulate employees to think about what their organisation does, where it is heading, potential new opportunities for the organisation, and new and better ways of doing things. While the role of corporate training is to develop the operational competency of individuals, the purpose of corporate education is to promote the development of capability of both an individual and their organisation. Organizations operating in knowledge economies require a workforce that has knowledge about other business functions along with their specilized area. In the last decade corporate training turned into corporate education in Turkey. As an important business function, accounting is one of the most preferential training subject in Turkey. The purpose of the chapter is to identify differences between corporate education and corporate training. Additionally, the study explains growing importance of corporate education in accounting area for Turkish business life. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4254768982 | Moving from Corporate Training to Corporate Education | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4254768982 | Corporate education is centred on introducing learning techniques to stimulate employees to think about what their organisation does, where it is heading, potential new opportunities for the organisation, and new and better ways of doing things. While the role of corporate training is to develop the operational competency of individuals, the purpose of corporate education is to promote the development of capability of both an individual and their organisation. Organizations operating in knowledge economies require a workforce that has knowledge about other business functions along with their specilized area. In the last decade corporate training turned into corporate education in Turkey. As an important business function, accounting is one of the most preferential training subject in Turkey. The purpose of the chapter is to identify differences between corporate education and corporate training. Additionally, the study explains growing importance of corporate education in accounting area for Turkish business life. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2906250830 | Safety, Security, Urban Safety and Urban Security: A Conceptual Analysis | [
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"Turkey"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2906250830 | Being one of the most basic needs of the human, security is a matter that is addressed by different disciplines. Having the right to life and fundamental rights and freedoms and using them effectively is only possible in a safe and secure city. But today, that the urban problems and (in)security in cities constitute threats at regional and global levels have led to the necessity that cities also have to be dealt within the context of safety and security. Therefore, we have to reconsider the elements of safety and security in cities and the threats to the safety and security of the city in a way that suits the understanding of this age. Achieving this primarily depends on comprehending the concepts of safety and security correctly. However, as in most terms today, there is a sense of confusion in terms of ‘safety’ and ‘security’. Understanding the responsibilities of the community in the context of urban safety and the law enforcement agencies in the context of urban security depends on the correct understanding of the meanings, similarities and differences of the terms ‘safety’ and ‘security’. Accepting the terms safety and security as similar concepts will make it difficult to find appropriate strategies and effective solutions for ensuring safety and security in cities but to make a distinction between these terms will make a difference to reach a safe and secure city ideal faster. In this article, it is assumed that it is more appropriate to use the word ‘safety’ in English for ‘emniyet’ in Turkish and ‘urban safety’ for ‘kent emniyeti’ in Turkish, and ‘security’ in English for ‘guvenlik’ and ‘urban security’ for ‘kent guvenligi’ in Turkish. However, safety and security management in cities should be carried out coordinated by taking into account the similarities and differences between the terms ‘safety’ and ‘security’. With this in mind in this article, it is aimed to remove the confusion of meaning between these terms, to make the definitions of them clear and to draw the boundaries of these concepts. Keywords ; Safety, Security, City, Urban Safety, Urban Security | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W195106848 | Corporate governance in Qatar: A comparative analysis | [
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"Qatar"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W195106848 | This article provides an overview and brief comparative analysis on the degree of compliance of Qatar’s corporate governance framework with the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004. The objective of the article is to formulate a number of specific recommendations to the QFMA which will further strengthen the corporate governance framework in Qatar. In 2009 the Qatar Financial Market Authority (QFMA) introduced the Corporate Governance Code (the QFMA Code). Driving the introduction was the recognition by the Qatari authorities of the importance of having a well-structured and mandated corporate governance framework to provide a platform for market integrity and efficiency as well as to facilitate economic growth.1 While the QFMA Code is not yet prescriptive, it encourages listed companies to consider and voluntarily implement the policies to the extent appropriate, having regard the company’s particular circumstances. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2291483037 | Corporate transparency and CSR policies in developing countries: the case of listed companies in Palestine and Jordan | [
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"Palestine",
"Jordan"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2291483037 | The financial scandals have promoted a higher transparency and corporate social responsibility in companies to improve and to restore the confidence of financial markets. Developing countries imitate developed countries practices because they wish to operate in new markets and they have to adopt governance and transparency strategies to reach this purpose. Transparency practices can attract new investors and improve the corporate image within the community that companies operate. Confidence in disclosed information can help to build better relations between companies and stakeholders. Corporate transparency, corporate social responsibility disclosure and corporate governance have become an important topic in academic writing and the business field. Many institutions worldwide strongly emphasize that firms must take into consideration the economic, social and environmental effects of their activities. This PhD dissertation empirically examines corporate transparency and corporate social responsibility policies in developing countries. To that end, this thesis focuses on three research objectives. First, we characterize the corporate transparency and corporate social responsibility disclosure developed by firms in developing countries, specifically Jordan and Palestine. This data let us to conclude if the type of corporate transparency and corporate social responsibility disclosure presents differences respect to developed countries or they follow the same strategies. Secondly, we measure the level of corporate social responsibility disclosure and corporate transparency of listed companies in Palestine stock exchange (PEX) and the first market of Amman stock exchange (ASE). Thirdly, we study the factors that exert an incidence on corporate transparency and corporate social responsibility disclosure, specifically factors of the formal institutional context and governance mechanisms. We adopted institutional theory approach and legitimacy theory as theoretical framework in this study. Institutional theory can explain the different mechanisms of control to supply the legal deficiencies and legitimacy theory can justify the reason of the firms to adopt corporate social responsibility and transparency strategies. The main contributions of this thesis are firstly, we have built a suitable two- disclosure indexes for measuring the level of CSRD and CTD in developing countries the case of listed companies in Palestine and Jordan. We have focused on Palestine and Jordan, countries that have received little attention in the literature. Secondly, we have highlighted that in developing countries, where the legal context is weak; the institutional context is reinforced by the existence of other formal control mechanisms such as audit and corporate governance mechanism. Thirdly, we must stress the importance of the existence of patterns of behavior that facilitate implementation in other nearby countries. The first chapter presents the theoretical background on corporate transparency, corporate social responsibility disclosure and corporate governance. In this chapter, we are going also to provide a suitable two- indexes for measuring the level of corporate transparency, corporate social responsibility in developing countries. Finally, we will explain the theoretical framework. The purpose of second chapter is to present the outlines about the transparency, corporate governance and corporate social responsibility in developing countries, including Palestine and Jordan. We talk briefly about locations of these countries, their population, economy and financial markets. In the third chapter, we aim to identify those formal institutional factors and governance mechanisms that have a significant influence on the level of corporate transparency in the countries studied. In the chapter four, we studied the formal institutional factors and governance mechanisms that have an incidence on the level of corporate social responsibility in Palestine and Jordan. Finally, we provide the conclusions and relevant contributions of the research and identify the limitations and future research study. The sample of the study consists of 101 companies; the data refer to 2011. Related to corporate transparency, the results show that quality of corporate transparency disclosure in Jordan is higher than in Palestine in all aspects due to the stability of institutions and country, although they give more importance to the same issues, because their cultures are similar. Besides, we found a positive and significant relation between corporate transparency and legal system, corporate governance (e.g. board size, governance committee and board insider) and we can conclude that the existence of rules and internal control mechanisms promote highest level of transparency. Respect to corporate social responsibility disclosure, the results show that levels of corporate social responsibility disclosure in Jordan are higher than in Palestine in all aspects, though it is low in both countries when compared with Western countries. Both countries enhance the same issues but, in relative terms, Palestinian firms present a greater concern with issues related to human resources and commitment towards community. Moreover, we have found a positive association between corporate social responsibility disclosure and the legal system, external auditor firm characteristics and corporate governance (e.g. board size and board audit committee). Other aspects related to corporate governance, such as the existence of board governance committee or board independence, do not affect the level of corporate social responsibility disclosure | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W3123720237 | Corporate Governance In Japan: Past Performance And Future Prospects | [
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"West Bank"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3123720237 | Much has been written about the Japanese 'model' of corporate governance. Indeed, Japanese-style corporate governance has been described as an efficient alternative to corporate governance mechanisms available in the West, and as a model for developing economies. As opposed to American-style corporate governance, in which hostile takeovers and managerial incentive schemes play a major role, Japanese firms have traditionally relied on monitoring by large shareholders and banks. This article describes the evolution of corporate governance in Japan since the Second World War, and surveys the empirical evidence on its performance. Although there is substantial evidence on the effectiveness of the Japanese system, there is also evidence on its significant shortcomings. The article also evaluates the effects of the current macroeconomic and banking crises on corporate governance in Japan, and suggests possible directions for future changes, which are likely to make Japan more similar to the USA in this respect. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2357267192 | The Key of State-owned-bank Corporate Reform: Improving the Banking Corporate Governance | [
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{
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"West Bank"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2357267192 | The banking corporate governance is studied in this paper. The definition of banking corporate governance is introducted and surmarised based on measurements of the west countries. The of the stateownedbank corporate governance reform is analysised. The suggestions and policies of the stateownedbank corporate governance reform are at the end of the paper. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2209646477 | Chapter 1: The Nature of Corporate Governance: The Significance of National Cultural Identity | [
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"West Bank"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2209646477 | Recently many scholars have said that a convergence of corporate governance is inevitable. We believe that it is true but like Mark Twain said “the report of my death was an exaggeration”. We show that although there is some convergence national law of corporate governance is thriving. We also believe that it is necessary for the identity of each country. The reason that national diversity in corporate governance is still widespread is because of the history, philosophy and economy of each county as shown in its cultural heritage and it gives its identity. The cultural heritage in each state is identifiable in the Company Law and Corporate Governance Codes. We consider that this is crucial for the well being for democratic nations. Convergence in corporate governance is a threat to ordered commercial regulations because of the power of the preeminent economic paradigm in the West which is the neo-liberal model. The neo-liberal agenda that predicates deregulation, privatisation and the liberalisation of markets is moulding many jurisdictions into an Anglo- American model of corporate governance which is dangerous for a number of reasons:• It is an extreme sort of utilitarianism without significant ethical principles.• It allows the growth of mega companies backed by powerful international institutions including the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the World Trade Organisation (WTO).• It changes the balance of power between states, individuals and counties and the mega companies including the financial sector (‘the markets’) and the international institutions.• It is disastrous because of the burgeoning inequality between nations and individuals.• It is profoundly anti-democratic because of the powerful actors.• It is disastrous for the environment.We follow these themes in America, Germany and the UK. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2622638527 | Corporate Governance among Small and Medium Size Enterprises in Algeria: Impediments to the Practice of Corporate Governance System | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W3208842342 | The doctrine of the Islamic Republic of Iran's military security objectives and policies based on dialogue and the general policies of the system of velayat-e faqih constitution | [
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The narrow approach to the concept of national security, this concept was first defined in the military, and accordingly, an increase in power and military power as possible, was to provide security. Due to the damage that this approach to human society, a broad approach to national security later, another dimension was defined as military security is one of its dimensions. Through use of this concept gradually in view of different schools of security, for the security system were made less effective and collective cooperation and collective security, the better for the security of human society introduced. Although some of the views and schools of military security ineffective due to the complex nature of the current security focus, But it seems that this component is still a serious role in the field of security and is still a tool of the government for the attack and defense becase it is still the traditional military threat to national security concerns and military action, Can attack all parts of the state that is located in The government has pressured and threatened the basis of material damage and huge losses. The military security still retains its importance and its place in the literature of military security. The security system in the armed forces and the military-security function is defined, in need of software and hardware. Some of these aspects include the doctrine, goals and military security policy on the basis of the documents cited upstream. The purpose of this study was to determine the dimensions of Velayat-e-Fagih discourse, constitution and general policies of the system is to use the case study method as well as content analysis, discourse analysis and interpretive analysis, the dimensions of the military security of the Islamic Republic Iran recognized and presented. The results of the research, issues related to each of these dimensions have been recognized at the end of the study. | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W3197459267 | Corporate Governance in Saudi Arabia: Analysis of Current Practices | [
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"Saudi Arabia"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3197459267 | Corporate governance has been introduced and developed to address the financial scandals and corporate misconducts as experienced by various countries across the world. This paper analyses the current practices of corporate governance in Saudi Arabia. In order to promote, transparency, accountability and ethical behaviour Saudi Arabia has amended its corporate governance regulation in 2017. Saudi policy-maker has been seen as pioneering, among Arabic countries in light of his approval of corporate governance regulations. These regulations are agreed to have been the most important of the recent legal, finance and administrative regulations prepared in Saudi Arabia. The principal target of this research is to study the current prevailing governance system in Saudi Arabia. The second reason for the examination is to explore the current practices associated with Saudi corporate administration action plans. The paper states that the Saudi corporate administration has been declared in agreement with standards of on-going global corporate administration. Accordingly, Saudi corporate administration arrangements can be viewed as based to a great extent on positive man-made laws. The paper further found that Saudi corporate administration as an institutional system is separated between a few organizations, regardless of whether inward or outside, which may bring about clarity with regards to executing great corporate administration, rehearses. | [
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https://openalex.org/W604294546 | The International Corporate Governance System: Audit Roles and Board Oversight | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W604294546 | 1. Corporate Governance Framework 2. The OECD Corporate Governance Principles 3. Corporate Governance and the International Monetary Fund 4. Corporate Governance and the World Bank 5. Corporate Governance in the United States 6. Corporate Governance in the United Kingdom 7. Corporate Governance in Canada 8. Corporate Governance in Australasia 9. Corporate Governance in Japan 10. Corporate Governance in Continental Europe 11. Corporate Governance in the Developing Countries (BRICS) 12. Corporate Governance in Saudi Arabia 13. Internal Audit Process 14. The US Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the Audit Profession 15. The Integrated Audit Process 16. Audit of Group Financial Statements 17. The European Union Statutory Audit Directive 18. The Accounting & Auditing ROSC 19. Corporate Governance Scandals 20. Auditor Legal Liability 21. The Future of the Auditing 22. Risk Management 23. Management Fraud 24. The Audit Committee and Management Fraud | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W184808242 | Current practices of Saudi corporate governance: A case for reform | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W184808242 | One of the most debated issues is that of corporate governance. The topic has been investigated by scholars from several scientific fields including the legal. Indeed, corporate governance has been examined by a great number of law scholars, with particular regards to the improvement of various aspects. For example, effective corporate governance focuses on protecting and advancing aspects related to shareholders’ rights, the board of directors and corporations’ internal and external audit systems. The main objective of this research is to suggest reformation to the Saudi corporate governance framework in order to achieve satisfactory corporate governance practices. The second purpose of the research is to investigate the current practices involved in Saudi corporate governance arrangements. The final aim is to determine how a Saudi corporate governance framework would most benefit corporate governance from the Islamic perspective. This study intends to provide a regulatory analysis to influence those regulations that should be implemented to adjust corporate governance practices as they affect the Saudi capital market. The researcher found that Saudi corporate governance has been promulgated in accordance with principles of on-going international corporate governance. Alternatively, the Islamic perspective on corporate governance has been debated more recently, as an idea that needs to be progressed in order to provide associated benefits to the corporate governance framework in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, Saudi corporate governance provisions can be seen as based largely on positive man-made laws. The researcher further discovered that Saudi corporate governance as an institutional framework is divided between several institutions, whether internal or external, which might result in some ambiguity when it comes to implementing good corporate governance practices. However, the research results revealed that Saudi corporate governance provisions have to be reformed in accordance with popular worldwide corporate governance principles, namely the UK Corporate Governance Code, the UK Companies Act and the OECD principles of corporate governance produced. | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W2994925271 | Does Saudi corporate governance attain International standards using the UK best practice as an exemplar | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2994925271 | The concept of corporate governance has been recognised as one of the most important legal, business and financial management concepts in recent times. Corporate governance is a tool that aims to apply principles such as fairness between shareholders, punishing and preventing wrongdoing, helping society and encouraging full disclosure of company information. This will help to reinforce the stability in the financial market, restore the confidence of investors and attract new and foreign investment. The primary objective of this research is to determine whether the Saudi Arabia corporate governance framework is in line with international standards and to examine if there are any need and willingness for reform. The motivation for selecting the United Kingdom as a benchmark for comparison was inspired by its reputation in upholding high corporate governance standards. The research seeks to outline possible recommendations to add to the Saudi corporate governance regulation, so it can achieve the highest possible standards of corporate governance. A starting point would be the analysis of the UK Companies Act and the UK Corporate Governance Code to determine what can be learned from the experience in the UK to help advance the situation in Saudi Arabia. The research will focus on several key issues, namely, directors’ duties, current boardroom practices and gender diversity in Saudi corporate boards. The research will also take into account the possibility of implementing any suggested reforms in adherence to Sharia principles. The research found that the Saudi corporate governance reflects certain elements of good international corporate governance standards. However, the research revealed major shortcoming in Saudi directors’ duties and gender diversity and that these need reform to attain international standards. Taken together, the research findings suggest that Saudi Arabia will benefit from adopting some of the best practices from the UK to reinforce its attractiveness to foreign investment. | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W55170898 | Corporate Governance Practices in Saudi Arabia | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W55170898 | The concern of corporate governance system has been driven in recent years primarily as a result of a series of corporate scandals and failures in a number of countries. This concern is to protect not only shareholders but stakeholders as well. Investors believe that better corporate governance will bring them higher rewards and they are more confident and consider that a company which implements corporate governance is a safe place to provide them with an appropriate return on their invested capital. In addition, creditors will trust that their rights are protected. In the Middle East there is a great concern to attract as large amounts as possible of domestic and international investments, and in order to achieve this aim, corporate governance system should be adopted. This study aims to examine the current developments of corporate governance in one country of the Middle East which is Saudi Arabia comparing it is with international corporate governance principles of best practice such as the OECD principles.
The study used primary data which was a questionnaire distributed to 100 listed companies in Saudi Arabia. To fulfill the objectives of the study, six important factors of corporate governance were employed as the measures, namely, board of directors, duality of CEO and chairman, audit committee, internal auditing, risk management and disclosure and transparency. The results generally showed that corporate governance practices do to some Extents exist in this country. However; some aspects of corporate governance are implemented to a higher degree while some other aspects are practiced at a lower degree. Furthermore, there is a difference of implementation of corporate governance principles between the companies and generally, Saudi companies look better in terms of corporate governance practices. | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W2997032349 | Corporate Governance Overview- The Saudi Arabian Context | [
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"Saudi Arabia"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2997032349 | Corporate governance refers to internal arrangement that encompasses procedures, practices and individuals, which aids the needs of stockholders and other investors, by guiding and monitoring organization actions with good corporate savvy, fairness and honesty. Good Corporate governance supports impartiality, honesty, and transparency in its accountabilities to investors. Good corporate governance practices simplifies economic competence by concentrating on value-enhancing actions and aids proficient distribution of scarce resources. This is accomplished when corporations proficiently employ their resources, attract low cost capital, meet societal anticipations and improve overall performance. This paper discusses different frameworks with their critical analysis. Moreover this paper sheds the light on Saudi Arabian Corporate governance arrangements and their legal context. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2897776210 | Conceptualizing the Effect of CSR Activities on Affective Commitment and Corporate Performance | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2897776210 | This paper provides a conceptual model that investigates the effect of Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR)on affective commitment and corporate performance. Although the social and political issues are the root cause of the threat to sustainability development in the world, only corporations have the three essential components, namely resources, global reach and motivation, in order to achieve sustainability. Under competitive pressures, managers need to take into consideration the effect of organizational actions including corporate responsibility in order to retain valuable and non substituable human resources. The main purpose of this study is to increase corporate performance together with employee’s commitment towards the organization. From the economic distress and social challenges that Yemen is facing, it is very important to understand the complex connection and interdependence of CSR activities. Corporate can achieve long term growth followed with maintaining effective CSR activities and achieving corporate reputation. This study contributes to the literature of corporate communication to gain public legitimacy and corporate governance and develop a CSR model that explores critical dimensions in management of corporate culture in Yemen Oil industry. Keywords - Corporate social responsibilities, corporate culture, affective commitment, Yemen. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W299320741 | Corporate Social Irresponsibility: A Challenging Concept | [
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"Sudan"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W299320741 | List of Tables. List of Figures. List of Contributors. Editorial Advisory and Review Board. About the Editors. About the Authors. Acknowledgements. The Challenging Concept of Corporate Social Irresponsibility: An Introduction. What CSR is not: Corporate Social Irresponsibility. A Rather Delicious Paradox: Social Responsibility and the Manufacture of Armaments. The Structural Contradictions and Constraints on Corporate Social Responsibility: Challenges for Corporate Social Irresponsibility. The Janus Dialectic of Corporate Social Irresponsibility and Corporate Social Responsibility - The Role of Micro-Moments. Economic Rationality and Corporate Social Irresponsibility: An Illustrative Review of Social Capital Theory. Rating Agencies as a Corporate Governance Mechanism: Power and Trust Production in Debt Capital Markets. Organisations Behaving Badly - The Role of Communication in Understanding CSI and CSR. Reconstructing Stakeholder Relationships Using 'Corporate Social Responsibility' as a Response Strategy to Cases of Corporate Irresponsibility: The Case of the 2010 BP Spill in the Gulf of Mexico. The Structural Dynamics of Corporate Social Irresponsibility: The Case of the Canadian Mining Industry. The Community Obligations of Canadian Oil Companies: A Case Study of Talisman in the Sudan. Impact of Corporate Social Irresponsibility on the Corporate Image and Reputation of Multinational Oil Corporations in Nigeria. The Irresponsible Enterprise: The Ethics of Corporate Downsizing. Corporate Social Irresponsibility: A Challenging Concept. Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability. Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability. Copyright page. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4239161011 | Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability | [] | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4239161011 | Citation (2012), "Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability", Tench, R., Sun, W. and Jones, B. (Ed.) Corporate Social Irresponsibility: A Challenging Concept (Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability, Vol. 4), Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Bingley, p. iii. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2043-9059(2012)0000004024 Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited Copyright © 2012, Emerald Group Publishing Limited Book Chapters Corporate Social Irresponsibility: A Challenging Concept Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability Copyright Page List of Tables List of Figures List of Contributors Editorial Advisory and Review Board About the Editors About the Authors Acknowledgements The Challenging Concept of Corporate Social Irresponsibility: An Introduction What CSR is not: Corporate Social Irresponsibility A Rather Delicious Paradox: Social Responsibility and the Manufacture of Armaments The Structural Contradictions and Constraints on Corporate Social Responsibility: Challenges for Corporate Social Irresponsibility The Janus Dialectic of Corporate Social Irresponsibility and Corporate Social Responsibility – The Role of Micro-Moments Economic Rationality and Corporate Social Irresponsibility: An Illustrative Review of Social Capital Theory Rating Agencies as a Corporate Governance Mechanism: Power and Trust Production in Debt Capital Markets Organisations Behaving Badly – The Role of Communication in Understanding CSI and CSR Reconstructing Stakeholder Relationships Using ‘Corporate Social Responsibility’ as a Response Strategy to Cases of Corporate Irresponsibility: The Case of the 2010 BP Spill in the Gulf of Mexico The Structural Dynamics of Corporate Social Irresponsibility: The Case of the Canadian Mining Industry The Community Obligations of Canadian Oil Companies: A Case Study of Talisman in the Sudan Impact of Corporate Social Irresponsibility on the Corporate Image and Reputation of Multinational Oil Corporations in Nigeria The Irresponsible Enterprise: The Ethics of Corporate Downsizing | [
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https://openalex.org/W4232459908 | List of Contributors | [] | [
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"Sudan"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4232459908 | Citation (2012), "List of Contributors", Tench, R., Sun, W. and Jones, B. (Ed.) Corporate Social Irresponsibility: A Challenging Concept (Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability, Vol. 4), Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Bingley, pp. xiii-xiv. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2043-9059(2012)0000004004 Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited Copyright © 2012, Emerald Group Publishing Limited Book Chapters Corporate Social Irresponsibility: A Challenging Concept Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability Copyright Page List of Tables List of Figures List of Contributors Editorial Advisory and Review Board About the Editors About the Authors Acknowledgements The Challenging Concept of Corporate Social Irresponsibility: An Introduction What CSR is not: Corporate Social Irresponsibility A Rather Delicious Paradox: Social Responsibility and the Manufacture of Armaments The Structural Contradictions and Constraints on Corporate Social Responsibility: Challenges for Corporate Social Irresponsibility The Janus Dialectic of Corporate Social Irresponsibility and Corporate Social Responsibility – The Role of Micro-Moments Economic Rationality and Corporate Social Irresponsibility: An Illustrative Review of Social Capital Theory Rating Agencies as a Corporate Governance Mechanism: Power and Trust Production in Debt Capital Markets Organisations Behaving Badly – The Role of Communication in Understanding CSI and CSR Reconstructing Stakeholder Relationships Using ‘Corporate Social Responsibility’ as a Response Strategy to Cases of Corporate Irresponsibility: The Case of the 2010 BP Spill in the Gulf of Mexico The Structural Dynamics of Corporate Social Irresponsibility: The Case of the Canadian Mining Industry The Community Obligations of Canadian Oil Companies: A Case Study of Talisman in the Sudan Impact of Corporate Social Irresponsibility on the Corporate Image and Reputation of Multinational Oil Corporations in Nigeria The Irresponsible Enterprise: The Ethics of Corporate Downsizing | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4237718212 | Citation (2012), "Editorial Advisory and Review Board", Tench, R., Sun, W. and Jones, B. (Ed.) Corporate Social Irresponsibility: A Challenging Concept (Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability, Vol. 4), Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Bingley, pp. xv-xvii. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2043-9059(2012)0000004005 Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited Copyright © 2012, Emerald Group Publishing Limited Book Chapters Corporate Social Irresponsibility: A Challenging Concept Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability Copyright Page List of Tables List of Figures List of Contributors Editorial Advisory and Review Board About the Editors About the Authors Acknowledgements The Challenging Concept of Corporate Social Irresponsibility: An Introduction What CSR is not: Corporate Social Irresponsibility A Rather Delicious Paradox: Social Responsibility and the Manufacture of Armaments The Structural Contradictions and Constraints on Corporate Social Responsibility: Challenges for Corporate Social Irresponsibility The Janus Dialectic of Corporate Social Irresponsibility and Corporate Social Responsibility – The Role of Micro-Moments Economic Rationality and Corporate Social Irresponsibility: An Illustrative Review of Social Capital Theory Rating Agencies as a Corporate Governance Mechanism: Power and Trust Production in Debt Capital Markets Organisations Behaving Badly – The Role of Communication in Understanding CSI and CSR Reconstructing Stakeholder Relationships Using ‘Corporate Social Responsibility’ as a Response Strategy to Cases of Corporate Irresponsibility: The Case of the 2010 BP Spill in the Gulf of Mexico The Structural Dynamics of Corporate Social Irresponsibility: The Case of the Canadian Mining Industry The Community Obligations of Canadian Oil Companies: A Case Study of Talisman in the Sudan Impact of Corporate Social Irresponsibility on the Corporate Image and Reputation of Multinational Oil Corporations in Nigeria The Irresponsible Enterprise: The Ethics of Corporate Downsizing | [
{
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|
https://openalex.org/W4238026409 | Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability | [] | [
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] | [
"Sudan"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4238026409 | Citation (2012), "Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability", Tench, R., Sun, W. and Jones, B. (Ed.) Corporate Social Irresponsibility: A Challenging Concept (Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability, Vol. 4), Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Bingley, p. ii. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2043-9059(2012)0000004023 Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited Copyright © 2012, Emerald Group Publishing Limited Book Chapters Corporate Social Irresponsibility: A Challenging Concept Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability Copyright Page List of Tables List of Figures List of Contributors Editorial Advisory and Review Board About the Editors About the Authors Acknowledgements The Challenging Concept of Corporate Social Irresponsibility: An Introduction What CSR is not: Corporate Social Irresponsibility A Rather Delicious Paradox: Social Responsibility and the Manufacture of Armaments The Structural Contradictions and Constraints on Corporate Social Responsibility: Challenges for Corporate Social Irresponsibility The Janus Dialectic of Corporate Social Irresponsibility and Corporate Social Responsibility – The Role of Micro-Moments Economic Rationality and Corporate Social Irresponsibility: An Illustrative Review of Social Capital Theory Rating Agencies as a Corporate Governance Mechanism: Power and Trust Production in Debt Capital Markets Organisations Behaving Badly – The Role of Communication in Understanding CSI and CSR Reconstructing Stakeholder Relationships Using ‘Corporate Social Responsibility’ as a Response Strategy to Cases of Corporate Irresponsibility: The Case of the 2010 BP Spill in the Gulf of Mexico The Structural Dynamics of Corporate Social Irresponsibility: The Case of the Canadian Mining Industry The Community Obligations of Canadian Oil Companies: A Case Study of Talisman in the Sudan Impact of Corporate Social Irresponsibility on the Corporate Image and Reputation of Multinational Oil Corporations in Nigeria The Irresponsible Enterprise: The Ethics of Corporate Downsizing | [
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https://openalex.org/W2587619266 | On the specifics of corporate governance in Iran and the Middle East | [
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{
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"Iran"
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2587619266 | Corporate Governance (CG) is not a new concept for the transition economies of the Middle East, but corporate governance is especially important since these economies do not have the long-established institutional infrastructure to deal with corporate governance issues. This article is presenting the results of our survey analyzing the status quo of Corporate Governance in Iranian companies. The survey questions cover aspects of Corporate Governance awareness, board of directors, control environment, transparency and shareholder- as well as stakeholder rights. We find several specifics that apply to other countries in the MENA region too. Empowering shareholders and stakeholder, offering Corporate Governance trainings and case studies in the region as well as establishing a culture of independent directors is the way forward. | [
{
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|
https://openalex.org/W3153695738 | An Overview of Corporate Governance in Iran (Case Study: Tehran Stock Exchange) | [
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"display_name": "Hosseini Moghaddam",
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"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3153695738 | There are two major ways of determining the corporate governance practices of a country – one by undertaking a country level macro analysis of corporate governance rules and regulations focusing on the presence or absence of a particular corporate governance factor, the other is by undertaking a firm level micro analysis, focusing on implementation of corporate governance regulations. In this research paper we have quantified the corporate governance compliance of public companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE), to determine the overall corporate governance climate in Iran. We created a questionnaire comprising of 91 variables reflecting the Iran Business Code, and TSE’s regulations (both of which were based on the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance). The variables were divided into four broad categories: shareholders rights, board responsibilities and structure, audit committee, and disclosures. We applied this questionnaire to 310 listed companies in TSE in 2013. The survey used publicly available information to gain a neutral view of the firms’ corporate governance practices. Based on the survey we created a 100 point corporate governance compliance index, the TSE Corporate Governance ratings (TSECGR). We found that the highest compliance is in the category of audit committees, while weak compliance appears in the board responsibility and structure. The average score of all listed companies was 51 out of 100, and the Monetary Intermediation sector, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Products sector and Financial Leasing sector had the highest rate. The findings of this paper provide an opportunity for setting a benchmark corporate governance index for firms listed in TSE, provides a survey of firm level corporate governance compliance in Iran, and we hope will act as a valuable decision making tool for both investors and managers. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W3164595002 | Status of Corporate Governance in Iranian Law and the necessity of reviewing new trade bill | [
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"display_name": "Amin Jafari",
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{
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] | [
"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3164595002 | The corporate governance defines as simple rules of Corporate law. Iranian commercial code is silent regarding corporate governance whereas the practice of principles of this mechanism in corporations and banks are being implemented. unfortunately, the new Commercial bill (2013), in regarding the corporate governance is not completed and has many shortages although it includes some aspects of corporate governance. The purpose of this article, in one hand, is to examine the reason that corporate governance exist and on the other hand is the study of the need to anticipate the new commercial law. | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210180624",
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|
https://openalex.org/W2759774863 | Examining the Relationship between Corporate Governance and the Corporate Performance Valuation | [
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"display_name": "Ahmad Sarlak",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
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"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2759774863 | The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between corporate governance characteristics and valuation of the firm's performance in Iran. After designing performance evaluation indexes, information of transactions made during the five-year study from 2011 to 2015 from the Stock Exchange were collected and the sample consists of 129 companies was selected by systematic elimination that was a total of 645 year-firm. In this study we used the linear regression and correlation for testing the research hypotheses, and Eviews software for analysing the data and testing hypotheses. What can be said in summary and conclusion of research hypotheses test is that, there are a significant and positive relationship between the intensity of supervision, the stock in the hands of the board, executive's changes and board size with the company's performance; in addition, we found a significant and negative relation between firm size and financial leverage with the company's performance. The other results showed no significant and positive relationship between the number of board meetings and the firm's performance; the results in this study corresponded to the documentation mentioned in the theoretical framework and financial literature. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W2981861681 | An overview of the corporate governance framework in Libya | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2981861681 | This paper provides an overview of the corporate governance framework in Libya, and the effort establishing corporate governance in the Libyan banks and companies. For this, this article depends on a review and analysis of the available literature on corporate governance in Libya conducted during the period from 2010 to 2017 such as laws, regulations, academic and professional research. The paper concluded that the concept of governance is still very limited in the Libyan Business environment, corporate governance adoption in Libya is still in its early stages due to the political and security situation in Libya. There is a need to adopt a strategy for the implementation of governance in Libya, based on raising awareness at all levels, and training leaders in various institutions on them, while developing the legislative tool to comply with the requirements of governance | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W3169466726 | An Overview of Corporate Governance Practice in Companies Listed on the Libyan Stock Market | [
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"display_name": "Salem Amara",
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"Libya"
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"https://openalex.org/W3122781238",
"https://openalex.org/W3124228935"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3169466726 | The corporate governance concept has recently become a major issue in the corporate practices of both developed and developing countries alike. Corporate governance is considered to be a tremendously important topic in many countries around the world; specifically within the emerging stock markets in order to protect the minority of shareholders. The aim of this research is to investigate corporate governance practices in companies listed on the Libyan stock exchange. In particular, to investigate whether corporate governance practices in these companies meet international standards of corporate governance and to identify the main obstacles to implementing them. The concept of corporate governance, corporate governance practices in developing countries, the Libyan stock market and OECD principles of corporate governance were discussed. A close-ended questionnaire was the main method for data collection. 100 questionnaires were distributed to the participants of the study, and only 76 questionnaires usable for analysis were received. Several issues related to corporate governance, depending on OCED principles, were investigated. The results revealed that corporate governance practice in the companies under investigation fit with OCED principles of corporate governance in some aspects and do not fit in others. Furthermore, the most important obstacles were perceived impeding corporate governance practice in companies listed in the Libyan stock market are "lack of compliance with the laws governing the work of companies" and "high cost of applying corporate governance rules". (JEL G30) Keywords: Corporate governance, the Libyan stock exchange, developing countries, OCED principles of corporate governance | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W827365674 | How The Corporate Governance Affects Organizational Strategy: Lessons From Jordan Environment. | [
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There are no official regulations regulating the corporate governance in Jordan yet, however, the Jordanian Companies Law considers some of the Corporate governance principles in it is articles.
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"display_name": "Best practice",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C184356942"
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] | [
"Jordan"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2108717227 | As the importance of Corporate Governance increases, an awareness and understanding of the different relevant regulations becomes of paramount value. The importance and value of Corporate Governance is not the core of this publication. The publication is built around the premise that Corporate Governance is important and increasingly becoming of significant importance for growth, continued success and sustainability. Accordingly, this publication aims to identify, highlight and summarize the different codes of Corporate Governance along with other relevant regulations that impact Corporate Governance that are available in Jordan. The authors intend to address the different codes with respect to the principles of Corporate Governance as defined by the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD); namely: ensuring the basis for an effective Corporate Governance framework; the rights of shareholders and key ownership functions; the equitable treatment of shareholders; the role of stakeholders in Corporate Governance; disclosure and transparency; and the responsibilities of the Board. This comparative study will provide an overview of how each code (or relevant regulation) addresses the different principles and to what extent. Since certain Corporate Governance practices tend to overlap across different principles and cover broad practices, we have found that it would be best in this study to provide a detailed assessment of different practices and requirements based on different dimensions. The dimensions the authors use are those defined based on best practices as identified by the International Finance Corporation (IFC) as follows: commitment to Corporate Governance; board functioning; management control environment; disclosure and transparency; and shareholder and stakeholder relations. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W334402811 | A Study of Information Security Issues and Measures in Jordan | [
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"display_name": "Maysoon R. Isleem",
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"display_name": "Sara Ismail",
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"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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"display_name": "Network security policy",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C110875604"
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"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
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{
"display_name": "Cloud computing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C79974875"
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{
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{
"display_name": "World Wide Web",
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{
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"Jordan"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W334402811 | [Abstract] Computer and information security is essential for every organization to protect its informational assets, safeguard its customer base, preserve and enhance its reputation, and fortify its position against any perpetrators or prosecution. Despite the increased attention on the security of Information Technology (IT), very little is known or published about the current state of security in different organizations and/or countries. This research reports on a study that investigates security issues of some private companies, academic institutions, and governmental organizations in Amman, Jordan. The issues include but are not limited to vulnerability to threats, employee awareness, staff training, and implemented security measures and policies. A qualitative analysis approach is used to draw statistics from the results. The study also addresses association and correlation statistics between the above mentioned security issues and relevant elements in the profile of the respondents to the study questionnaire. Conclusions and recommendations are proposed based on the results of the study. [Keywords] security; phishing; threats; hacking; malware; vulnerability; security risk; physical security; security awareness; security training; security policy Introduction Security is a major concern for every organization and it is vital that employees and computer users in the organization are made aware of the need. Security is a large field which comprises several issues that must be understood and considered correctly. The scope and objective of security is not only to protect against malware, viruses, worms, phishing attacks, and other security risks; every organization also needs to implement and enforce security policies, establish training programs to encourage security awareness, and ensure that all physical security controls are designed and employed properly within the organization. Nowadays, computers are widely used by companies and individuals to assist in performing fundamental daily functions or casual supporting tasks, such as banking, shopping, and communication via emails and chats. To ensure adequate security of their informational assets, companies need to protect their organization to the best of their capabilities by preventing unauthorized use of computers; providing a secure channel for communication between parties; protecting against identity theft and information disclosure; conducting active training programs for employees; designing and implementing proper security policies and procedures; and employing meticulous physical and logical access controls. Organizations use several technological tools to assist them in achieving their desired security objective. Some of the most common tools include but are not limited to anti-viruses, firewalls, encryption, restriction of privileges, tokens, authentication software, and secure communication systems. - Anti-viruses are widely used to scan the content of primary and secondary storage for any malware signatures. When a harmful object is detected, the anti- virus software will respond by removing it or destroying the infected object. - Firewalls are used to determine which packets of the network traffic are allowed to access or depart the organization's computer systems. - Encryption techniques, such as DES, AES, RSA, and others, are used to encrypt sensitive and personal information, such as credit card numbers, social security numbers, and passwords. Encryption of information can occur while the information is being stored or transacted. - To enforce restrictions and assign user privileges, organizations use Access Control Lists (ACL) to define who is authorized to perform specific actions on files or folders, such as reading, writing, or modifying. - Tokens are used by organizations to electronically ascertain the identity of the user or customer. A token acts as an electronic key for accessing the needed resources. … | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764999644",
"type": "journal"
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https://openalex.org/W3160318137 | Corporate governance in Egypt: The landscape, the research, and future directions | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3160318137 | Egypt is an emerging economy that has in recent years been exposed to several severe economic, political, and social shocks, all within a relatively short period of time. This has amplified the importance of the rule of law, regulatory enforcement, and corporate governance best practices, in order to restore the investing public’s confidence in the Egyptian market. Historically, the focus on corporate governance had preceded these recent events. Building on this history, today’s corporate governance landscape in Egypt is much more robust with more effective regulators, clearer streamlined governing rules, and better corporate governance literacy. This paper identifies four main areas of corporate governance research in Egypt: firm performance, reporting quality, corporate responsibility, and auditing. While extensive research has already been conducted in these areas, the paper provides some recommendations for further enhancing its quality. These pertain mainly to the development of comprehensive corporate governance databases, the increased focus on emerging and current market-relevant aspects of corporate governance, and the release of more proprietary data by regulators. | [
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S2798341630",
"type": "journal"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1854422945 | Egyptian Ports’ Governance: Facing the Recent Challenges | [
{
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"display_name": "M. Karim Sorour",
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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] | [
"Egypt"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1854422945 | Till recently there was no equivalent Arabic term for corporate governance, however, the concept has gained momentum with the Egyptian government efforts to embed the concept in the Egyptian business environment. These efforts have been multi-dimensional including issuing a code of principles of corporate governance for private companies as well as state-owned companies, establishing the Egyptian institute of directors amongst other several measures. Ports are not an exception, on the contrary, adoption of corporate governance principles by the Egyptian ports are quite essential given the fierce regional competition and the strategic objectives of ports as pronounced by the ministry of transport that includes transferring the Egyptian ports to fifth generation ports, increase there interaction with various stakeholders along the logistic chain and increasing the role of private sector in port development. Here good corporate governance is argued to be an essential prerequisite for the accomplishment of such objectives.This paper is structured as follows: section 1 of the paper defines corporate governance, discusses how it became a global pursuit and explains corporate governance pillars. Then Section 2 presents an overview of the Egyptian corporate governance reform. Section 3 introduces the significance of corporate governance to ports with special reference to the Egyptian ports emphasizing the contemporary governance challenges and how facing these challenges is vital for the success of the Egyptian ports. Finally, the paper concludes by setting imperatives of improving the Egyptian ports governance arrangements. | [
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https://openalex.org/W1537473033 | On Bank Governance in Developing Countries: Assessment of Egypt | [
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"Egypt"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1537473033 | Although bank corporate governance is of paramount importance there has been less research and analysis of this area when compared with corporate governance research directed at non-financial organisations. While this problem is more evident in the corporate governance literature addressing developing countries, no previous research had assessed bank governance in Egypt. This is particularly worrying as a number of Egyptian bank failures were partially blamed on weak corporate governance. Moreover, as Egypt is a bank based country, banks have a fundamental role in the promotion of good corporate governance in the Egyptian business environment; obviously carrying out this role should mean that Egyptian banks be themselves models for good corporate governance. This paper aims to assess bank corporate governance reform in Egypt and identify further important reforms to enhance corporate governance practices within this vital sector of the Egyptian economy. Firstly, the paper discusses corporate governance emergence showing the importance of good corporate governance. Secondly, it defines corporate governance from a banking perspective and discusses particular reasons of importance in banking. Thirdly, the paper analyses how weak corporate governance led to the 1990s bank failures in the Egyptian Banking Sector (EBS). Finally, the paper assesses the Egyptian banking sector corporate governance reform efforts and concludes with further reforms required to enhance bank corporate governance in Egypt | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2140185669 | The Relationship between Corporate Philanthropy and Corporate Reputation: Examining the Consumer-Company-Cause Triad | [
{
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"display_name": "Ilona Szőcs",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5024528868"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C201305675"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C141261163"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C120936955"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C39389867"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C57375061"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
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{
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] | [
"Egypt"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2140185669 | Although studies in scholarly journals suggest that corporate philanthropic activities may enhance corporate reputation, little systematic research on this effect exists. In fact, our knowledge of consumer responses to corporate philanthropic initiatives is limited. While corporate success relies on the support of customers, business benefits from corporate generosity - such as improved corporate reputation - are lacking. This dissertation investigates consumer perceptions of corporate philanthropy. Specifically, it explores the congruence among consumer perceptions of different philanthropic cause types, their geographical deployment, and the company-cause fit. Moreover, it aims to provide an understanding of the link between corporate philanthropy and corporate reputation by highlighting the role of ethnocentrism in shaping this relationship. The empirical research draws on balance theory, the sociological concept of ethnocentrism, and cultural dimensions to provide a framework and model for the relationship between consumer Attitudes toward Corporate Philanthropy and Customer-based Corporate Reputation. I employ three methodological approaches (interpretive, experimental, and survey-based) to investigate three sets of research questions. Firstly, an exploratory design is employed to uncover consumer and corporate perceptions of corporate philanthropy. Secondly, an experimental design is used to shed light on consumer evaluations of different corporate philanthropic causes and their dimensions by testing three propositions. Finally, a survey design is applied to test six hypotheses, and consequently to provide an understanding of the link between corporate philanthropy and corporate reputation in two distinct cultural contexts. The latter consists of two large-scale surveys in which two leading telecommunication companies, one in Austria and one in Egypt, are examined. Data is analyzed by applying qualitative computing, nonparametric tests, regression analyses, and structural equation modeling.
Three consumer views emerge from the interviews: egoistic, altruistic, and pragmatic. The corporate view, in contrast, is largely of strategic nature (i.e. gaining sustainable competitive advantage by means of responsible management). Some weak ethnocentric tendencies appear in terms of consumer preferences for domestic philanthropic support as opposed to distant support. Furthermore, findings point toward congruence in the perceived importance of social causes by consumers, with health-related causes favored most and art-related causes least. The geographical focus of corporate philanthropy (i.e. domestic versus distant) is perceived differently for the education-related cause across all seven industries examined in the experiment. For other causes, however, such as health- or environment-related causes, a significant difference is found in the oil and consulting industries, respectively. This indicates that consumers' evaluation of corporate philanthropic activities is partially dependent on the geographical focus. Additionally, results confirm the existence of weak industry-specific preferences. The support of causes with a close fit to the core business is favored by consumers unless another cause type (less industry-related) is perceived as more worthy of support. In terms of corporate reputation, corporate philanthropy has a small to medium impact on perceptions of the corporation in Egypt and Austria, respectively, varying by respondent subgroup. Consumer Ethnocentrism impacts upon Attitude toward Corporate Philanthropy negatively in Egypt, while in Austria, the absence of Consumer Ethnocentrism moderates the relationship between Attitude toward Corporate Philanthropy and Customer-based Corporate Reputation positively and more strongly than moderate Consumer Ethnocentrism.
The research presented in this dissertation advances the extant literature in three important ways. First, it focuses on a relatively neglected area of corporate social responsibility, namely corporate philanthropy - an unconditional contribution by a corporation to a social cause. Second, it embraces corporate reputation as a multidimensional construct (as opposed to a unidimensional construct) and thus contributes to the relatively few studies within reputation measurement that exclusively address the consumer stakeholder group (e.g. Walsh et al. 2009). Furthermore, to best of my knowledge, no scholarly research has examined the relationship between corporate philanthropy and Customer-based Corporate Reputation to date. Third, by examining real customers and real-life companies, this work aims to overcome the limitations of the laboratory settings that have traditionally been preferred in this area of research. For managers, the findings offer valuable consumer insights into corporate philanthropy and indicate strategies to improve business outcomes from philanthropic activities. Suggestions for how corporate philanthropic activities should best be communicated through various channels are provided. In this context, the role of word-of-mouth and social media in disseminating philanthropic information is discussed. (author's abstract) | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2263846188 | The Enhancement of Corporate Governance in Egypt: Legislation or Enforcement? | [
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"Egypt"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2263846188 | Adopting corporate governance practices has been of great concern to the academia, professionals and policy makers. This concern might be, partially, triggered by the contribution of effective corporate governance practices to the economic development and financial stability. Nevertheless, good corporate governance practices may not be separated from the environment in which it operates. This could be derived from the revised report that the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) undertook on corporate governance guidelines. In this report, OECD emphasized the importance of Ensuring the Basis for an Effective Framework for Corporate Governance (OECD Principles of Corporate Governance, 2004). Therefore, this research paper aims at shading light on the perception of governance performance with regard to the enforcement aspect, compared to legislation. Moreover, it attempts to analyze how such perception could contribute to adoption and application of corporate governance. The paper is organized as follows; the first section introduces the concept of corporate governance in an attempt to reach a well-tuned concept comprising adoption and enforcement of corporate governance. The second section deals with the importance of aggregate governance in shaping effective framework in which corporate governance can function properly. The third section analyzes perceptions of governance effectiveness with respect to two indicators; Regulatory Quality and Rule of Law. Finally, an attempt is made to tackle the linkage between perception on regulatory quality and rule of law, on one hand, and corporate governance performance in Egypt, on the other hand. | [
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https://openalex.org/W4302803075 | Research in accounting in emerging economies | [] | [
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"Egypt"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4302803075 | Citation (2008), "Research in accounting in emerging economies", Tsamenyi, M. and Uddin, S. (Ed.) Corporate Governance in Less Developed and Emerging Economies (Research in Accounting in Emerging Economies, Vol. 8), Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Bingley, p. ii. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1479-3563(08)08022-5 Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited Copyright © 2008, Emerald Group Publishing Limited Book Chapters Research in accounting in emerging economies Corporate governance in less developed and emerging economies Copyright page List of Contributors List of Reviewers Introduction to corporate governance in less developed and emerging economies Corporate governance, dual language reporting and the timeliness of annual reports on the Nairobi stock exchange Corporate governance online reporting by Saudi listed companies CEO duality and accounting-based performance in Egyptian listed companies: A re-examination of agency theory predictions Board characteristics, ownership structure and earnings quality: Malaysian evidence A study of corporate governance disclosure and its country-level determinants in the emerging markets Accounting standards, corporate governance, and foreign direct investments: the experience of emerging market economies Corporate governance reform and firm performance: Evidence from China The influence of ownership structures and board practices on corporate social disclosures in Bangladesh Selective compliance with the corporate governance code in Mauritius: Is legitimacy theory at work? Changing regimes of governance in a less developed country The influence of social and political relations on corporate governance systems: the case of rural banks in Ghana Towards a theoretical framework of corporate governance: Perspectives from Southern Africa Corporate governance in infancy and growth – an interview-based study of the development of governance and corporate regulation in Nigeria The corporate governance inertia: the role of management accounting and costing systems in a transitional public health organization The (Perceived) roles of corporate governance reforms in Malaysia: The views of corporate practitioners Corporate governance and International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS): The case of developing countries The banks’ uses of smaller companies’ financial information in the emerging economy of Vietnam: a user's oriented model | [
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https://openalex.org/W1964166038 | Security and Tourism | [
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https://openalex.org/W1014673882 | The politics of private security in Kenya | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1014673882 | While a lot less spectacular than the mercenary activities of someone like Simon Mann or the Iraq involvement of private military companies like Erinys and Blackwater, the size, scope and rate of expansion of private security companies dwarf that of private military companies. Similarly, while their concentration on the more mundane aspects of security such as guarding, electronic alarm systems, patrolling, risk analysis and management may lack the eyecatching cachet of the new 'corporate dogs of war' they have a profound impact on the day-to-day provision and politics of security. In fact, the growth of private security companies has significantly altered the landscape of security both locally and globally, leading to and reflecting an increasing commodification and politicisation of security. | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2107182331 | This study proposes to answer a very critical question “Why does the Kurdistan region-Iraq need to pass corporate governance codes for different types of companies and ownership structure” by analyzing theoretically the most important factors leads to issue a corporate governance code for the Kurdistan region. There no laws or regulations for corporate governance in Iraq until now, in spite the issuance of many ministerial orders such as the order from the ministry of industry and minerals in November of 2006, establishing four committees to follow the development of the corporate governance (CG) codes of ethics/conduct and procedures in Iraq, in addition to recommendations from few past scientific research such as ((Al-Ani & Al-Azzawi, 2007: Abdulhakim & Dalloul, 2009: Al-Obeidi, 2011: Karbala center for studies and economic research, 2012: Khudair : 2012), and many other factors, motivate the researcher to propose a corporate governance code in Kurdistan in isolation from Iraq's. Therefore this study focuses on the most influential factors that make the need for Kurdistan corporate governance code (KCGC) inevitable case and must be formed and written. The low level of investor’s protection was one of the most influential variables affecting delay establishing corporate governance code. These reasons divided to nine main categories include (legal aspects, investor’s protection, transparency and disclosure, numerous potential opportunities for investment and trade, vast oil reserve and potential economic hyper growth, safety and security, the sociocultural aspects, economic freedom and doing business, and lastly corruption). | [
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https://openalex.org/W2187339376 | Corporate Governance Disclosure and Security's Market Risk in The | [
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent of compliance with various components of corporate governance rules of 2010 and their relationship between corporate governance practices and performance of financial and non-financial firms and conventional and Islamic banks in the context of the UAE. The study investigated the impact of the implementation of 2010 corporate governance rules and the extent of changes to corporate governance practices two years later (in 2012). During this period, firms that operated in the UAE were experiencing the impact of the global financial crisis of 2008-2009 and its aftermath. | [] |
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https://openalex.org/W3121597486 | Corporate Taxation and International Charter Competition | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C120757647"
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"Israel"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3121649909 | INTRODUCTION Corporate law governs the operation of business organizations in a given state or country. Generally, it is conceived of as being a combination of permissive mechanisms designed to lower transaction costs for varied economic players and regulating mechanisms intended to smooth out embedded structural flaws. While the distinctions among the corporate laws of the various U.S. states have usually been explained on the basis of competition among the states,1 the distinctions among the corporate laws (and especially the corporate governance structures and corporate finance patterns) of different countries have been explained on the basis of the existence of myriad exogenous conditions, such as market mechanisms, ownership structures, historical legal origins, and quality of enforcement.2 Out of this latter sort of explanation, there has arisen a lively debate in recent years with respect to the possibility, or even the likelihood, of convergence of corporate codes toward a common standard.3 And yet, this rich scholarship has thus far paid little heed to the way in which political factors impact corporate law legislation. This paper attempts to fill this gap by providing its reader with a new and different outlook on the substance and structure of corporate law. It does so by examining the political history that accompanied the recent enactment of a new Israeli corporate law and placing this history in a firm framework of political theory. By tracing this law as its case study, the paper is able to trace the influence of interest groups on different stages of the legislative process and assess the implications of this particular instance for corporate law in general. As we explore the political history of the new law, we are also given some fascinating insights into the production process of corporate law and the complex relationship between theory and practice. Political theory will be the whetstone that we use to sharpen our understanding of this relationship. Given that major mechanisms within the new Israeli law have been built upon common law arrangements and heavily influenced by American doctrines,4 our exploration is sure to shed valuable light on the study of both Israeli and American corporate law, as it traces the interrelationships between interest groups and legal outcomes and assesses the suitability, or lack thereof, of specific legal regimes to distinctive market realities. The new Israeli Companies Law came into force in February 2000.5 It replaced the Companies Ordinance which had largely been based on the English Act of 1929 but which had since been reformed several times.6 The legislative process that gave birth to the new law lasted for eighteen years and grounded itself on a proposal prepared by Professor Uriel Procaccia of the Law Faculty of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.7 This proposal was then slowly shaped into a bill by a public committee chaired by Supreme Court Justice, and later Chief Justice, Aharon Barak.8 After the bill gained the preliminary approval of the Knesset, the Israeli Parliament, it was referred to a parliamentary committee that formulated the law's final version.9 This paper argues that this unique legislative process facilitates examination of the impact that interest-group involvement has on the legislative This paper's analysis of the legislative process that produced the new Israeli corporate law has generated two main findings. First, the interest groups that participated in the enactment of the Israeli Companies Law differed from those involved in the formulation of American corporate codes. The Bar, which is the driving force behind corporate law legislation in the United States, was far less dominant in the Israeli context.10 And yet, the Israel Securities Authority, the equivalent of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), in this case was highly involved in the process. One explanation of these distinctions arises out of the different sets of incentives driving these groups, another, out of the differing political structures of the two countries. … | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W3048404192 | Commercialized Security and Its Role in Selected Countries’ National Security | [
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"https://openalex.org/W3125190178",
"https://openalex.org/W3125643642"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3048404192 | The complexity of the contemporary world has dictated the commercial security to supplement the supply of security in states. This is for the varied security needs of the citizens to be fulfilled. Hence this study embarked to illustrate the various roles of commercialized security in the national security of selected countries: the USA, Britain, Australia, Israel, South Africa, DRC, Tanzania, Uganda, and Kenya. The study has shown that the scope of commercialized security has expanded, thereby taking up some roles that require and some that do not require to be carried out by the state security agencies. This is partly due to its embracing of technology and enormous numbers of personnel than the state security agencies. But realistically, the state will not be losing its monopoly of violence, but distributing it to the commercialized security through a network of governance and partnership. This trend will continue and will be of direct benefit to the state’s ability to influence its security. Based on the findings, the study recommends effective regularization of commercial security as well as collaboration between state security agents. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W1542903388 | Corporate Taxation and International Charter Competition | [
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C39389867"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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] | [
"Israel"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1542903388 | Corporate Charter competition has become an increasingly international phenomenon. The thesis of this article is that this development in the corporate law requires a greater focus on the corporate tax law. We first demonstrate how a tax system's capacity to distort the international charter market depends both upon its approach to determining corporate location and the extent to which it taxes foreign source corporate profits. We also show, however, that it is not possible to remove all distortions through modifications to the tax system alone. We present instead two alternative methods for preserving an international charter market. The first best solution involves severing the markets for corporate law and corporate tax law through coordination of locational rules under each regime, with a place of incorporation rule for corporate law and a seat rule for corporate tax. The second best solution relies on a properly designed federal structure. The crucial design elements for such a federal system are the allocation of substantive law between the federal and subfederal levels, corporate and corporate tax locational rules, and the taxation of corporate migration and foreign source corporate profits. With due attention to these details, an international charter market can be protected from the potentially distorting effects of corporate taxation, but only if considerable care is taken. In the final part of the paper we apply our analysis to the United States, Canada, the European Union, and Israel, and show how difficult it is, in the real world, to separate corporate charter and corporate tax competition. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2525624591 | על חמישה מודלים של ממשל תאגידי (Five Models of Corporate Governance, in Hebrew) | [
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"Israel"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2525624591 | Hebrew Abstract: במאמר זה אבקש לעמוד על חמישה מודלים שונים המנחים את הממשל התאגידי המודרני: מודל בעלי המניות, מודל הדירקטוריון, מודל הייצור הקבוצתי, מודל החברה ומודל קהילתי. המודלים השונים של כללי הממשל התאגידי מבקשים להשיב על שתי שאלות מרכזיות. האחת, מהם האינטרסים שעל האורגנים השונים של החברה לקדם. במסגרת זו, יש להגדיר את הנורמות החלות על אותם אורגנים בתהליך קבלת ההחלטות בחברה. השנייה, מיהו הגורם ששולט בחברה, קרי: האם יש להפקיד את מרבית סמכויות ניהול ענייניה הפנימיים של החברה בידי הדירקטוריון או בידי בעלי המניות. על מערכת ממשל תאגידי לחלק את הסמכויות בין האורגנים השונים של החברה הרשאים לקבל החלטות בשם החברה. במאמר זה מתעתד להגשים שתי מטרות מרכזיות. ראשית, לשפוך אור על האופן שבו משיבים המודלים השונים של הממשל התאגידי לשאלות אלה. דיון זה בתורו יאפשר להבין טוב יותר את חלוקת הכוחות הקיימת בין דירקטוריון החברה לבין בעלי המניות בכל הקשור לסמכות ההכרעה בעניינים העומדים על סדר יומה של החברה. שנית, לבחון את מידת הלימתם של המודלים השונים לדין המצוי. טענתי המרכזית במאמר זה הינה כי ההסדרים השונים הינם ביטוי מקביל למספר מודלים של ממשל תאגידי. כך שהלכה למעשה לא ניתן לגרוס כי דיני חברות וניירות ערך בישראל הינם ביטוי בלבדי של מודל כזה או אחר של ממשל תאגידיEnglish Abstract: In this paper I wish to discuss five different models guiding the modern corporate governance: the shareholder model, the board of directors’ model, the group production model, the company model and the community model. The various models of corporate governance rules wish to answer two main questions. First, what are the interests which the various company organs must promote? In this framework, the norms applying to those organs in a decision making process in the company must be defined. Second, who is the factor in control of the company, namely: should most of the authorities of managing the company’s internal affairs be given to the board of directors or to the shareholders? A corporate governance system must distribute the authorities between the various company organs who are entitled to make decisions in the company’s name. In this paper I intend on achieving two main goals. First, shedding light on the way in which the various corporate governance models respond to these questions. This discussion in turn will enable to better understand the power balance between the company’s board of directors and the shareholders with regards to the authority of ruling on matter on the company’s agenda. Second, to examine the adequacy of the various models to the existing law. My main argument in this paper is that the various arrangements are a parallel expression of a number of corporate governance models. Thus, in fact it is impossible to argue that company and securities laws in Israel are an exclusive expression of one or another corporate governance model. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2186782820 | Corroborates between corporate governance and the laws and regulation (Case -study in Oman's joint stock) | [
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{
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"display_name": "Ramiz Rihawi",
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C163442688"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
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{
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] | [
"Oman"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2186782820 | The research aims at evaluating corporate governance rules, laws, and standards in Oman. It starts by discussing the concept and importance of corporate governance , including the structure of the stock market, the legal and supervisory framework, listing requirements, and the ownership structure. The research discuss the compliance between Oman’s corporate governance standards in accordance with the six OECD principles, I.e. ( ensuring the Basis for Effective Corporate Governance Framework shareholders' rights, equitable treatment of shareholders, stakeholders' role in corporate governance, disclosure and transparency, and responsibilities of the board of directors ) Then the research shows: those corporate governance standards in Oman have significantly, as reflected in the overall assessment of OCED principles improved The researcher recommend: corporate governance shoed be put into consideration to keep the economic activities of the corporate, and establish the concept with these corporate to keep their and the party’s interest, moreover, there must be a kind of co-ordination among all the institution, whether legislative, controlling, or media’s and confirming the professional behavior that guarantees the external auditors . . | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2083543258 | Influencing Factors of Information Security Management in Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises and Organizations | [
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C48879800"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C10511746"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
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{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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{
"display_name": "Mechanical engineering",
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{
"display_name": "Encryption",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C148730421"
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] | [
"Turkey",
"Iran"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W1977534227",
"https://openalex.org/W2007996913",
"https://openalex.org/W2080940090",
"https://openalex.org/W2088489410"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2083543258 | Nowadays data are considered most important capitals of an organization, playing a main role in it, in addition to their contribution to software equipmentsand buildings. Different enterprises have different security requirements and different security controls should be applied with respect to its requirements. To preserve data in terms of security as well as comprehensiveness, a great deal of efforts has been conducted. This study aims to investigate how information security in small- and medium-sized enterprises and organizations are managed in Iran and turkey and then compares the obtained results with similar data collected from Turkey. This study has been conducted through questionnaires completed by enterprises with a history of more than 10 years. The number of enterprises in the intended enterprises is between 7 to 90 ones. The result of the work has been compared with results from Turkey. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4390284983 | Analyzing Information Security Factors in Adoption of Intelligent Technologies for Medical Waste Management Systems | [
{
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{
"country": "China",
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{
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{
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{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Naval Academy",
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{
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{
"affiliations": [
{
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"display_name": "Singidunum University",
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"display_name": "Nebojša Bačanin",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "A. A. Zaidan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017206397"
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{
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{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C148976360"
},
{
"display_name": "Information security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C527648132"
},
{
"display_name": "Ranking (information retrieval)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C189430467"
},
{
"display_name": "Identification (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C116834253"
},
{
"display_name": "Risk management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C32896092"
},
{
"display_name": "Security management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83163435"
},
{
"display_name": "Information technology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121017731"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Knowledge management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56739046"
},
{
"display_name": "Security information and event management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C103377522"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Cloud computing security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C184842701"
},
{
"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302"
},
{
"display_name": "Cloud computing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C79974875"
},
{
"display_name": "Botany",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C59822182"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
},
{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
}
] | [
"Turkey"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4390284983 | As the global production of medical waste continues to rise, effective management of medical waste has become essential. In the era of Industry 5.0, new intelligent technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain have been applied in Medical waste management (MWM) systems. Despite their advantages, these technologies face challenges related to information security, influenced by various factors. Therefore, the information security factors identification and prioritization are essential for safety improvement. This paper aims to develop an FMEA-based framework to analyze the risks of information security factors of intelligent technologies applied to MWM systems. First, Probabilistic linguistic terms (PLTSs) are employed to capture the uncertainty of assessment information. Then, the Criteria Importance through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) method is utilized to handle the interactive relationship among risk criteria. Finally, the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations-II (PROMETHEE-II) method prioritizes the risk of information security factors. An example of the MWM system in Istanbul, Turkey, is selected to illustrate the validity of the proposed framework. Third-party risk management is the most critical information security factor. The findings of this research can provide valuable insights and practical recommendations for decision-makers in MWM systems. | [
{
"display_name": "IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S126824455",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2949812983 | ISO27001 Bilgi Güvenliği Yönetim Sisteminde Risk Analizi | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "İsmail Durankaya",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067737528"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Yılmaz Gökşen",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5071094744"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mete Eminağaoğlu",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084251996"
}
] | [
{
"display_name": "Asset (computer security)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C76178495"
},
{
"display_name": "License",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780560020"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Confidentiality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71745522"
},
{
"display_name": "Risk management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C32896092"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Information security management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C148976360"
},
{
"display_name": "Risk analysis (engineering)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C112930515"
},
{
"display_name": "Security management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83163435"
},
{
"display_name": "Information security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C527648132"
},
{
"display_name": "Work (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648"
},
{
"display_name": "Order (exchange)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Knowledge management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56739046"
},
{
"display_name": "Security information and event management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C103377522"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Cloud computing security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C184842701"
},
{
"display_name": "Cloud computing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C79974875"
},
{
"display_name": "Mechanical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656"
},
{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
}
] | [
"Turkey"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2949812983 | Abstract
Security risks related to information and information technologies have increased in parallel with technological progress,
and knowledge has become the most important asset for individuals and institutions today. During the production,
processing, transmission and storage of the knowledge, protecting its confidentiality, integrity and availability has also
evolved as an important issue. In this study, the risks faced by the information assets of the organization / institution, the
processes affected by the risks and the internal and external parties related to them, the affected assets and locations, the
probability of risk, the effect of confidentiality, integrity and accessibility, the value of assets, the probability of creating
threats to work effects are defined and a software prototype is designed and developed in order to track and manage the
risks and the relevant controls. In order to achieve a proper information security model and construct an information security
management system (ISMS) for the organization, the most important factors have been considered. A risk methodology is
designed, implemented, documented and risk analysis is conducted on these assets and processes by using these
documents.
Editor: H. Kemal Ilter, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Turkey
Received: August 19, 2018, Accepted: October 18, 2018, Published: November 10, 2018
Copyright: © 2018 IMISC Durankaya et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
original author and source are credited. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3114550920 | Designing an E-Health Management Framework for Social Security Organization of Iran | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hassan Azaripour Masooleh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5033687850"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Amir Ashkan Nasiripour",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5011857594"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Kamran Haji Nabi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5064433251"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Leila Riahi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5026888229"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mahmoud Mahmoudi Madjabadi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5000868280"
}
] | [
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Social security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777111884"
},
{
"display_name": "Security management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83163435"
},
{
"display_name": "Process management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195094911"
},
{
"display_name": "Knowledge management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56739046"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] | [
"Turkey",
"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3114550920 | Introduction: In Iran, almost half of the population receive health benefits from social security organization (SSO) that reveals the necessity of proper planning and management. As a relatively recent practice, e-health is widely using to facilitate achieving the managerial goals of healthcare organizations. The current study aimed to design an e-health management framework for SSO of the I.R. Iran.
Method: This is an applied study that was carried out using descriptive-analytical methods. Based on the results of recent studies and available reports (both national and international), a conceptual model and a researcher-made questionnaire were developed. After confirming the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, it was filled out by 557 of high and medium level managers of the SSO. Simultaneously, e-health strategies of the following countries were comparatively evaluated: Turkey, India, the UK, Estonia, Sweden, and Pakistan. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to analyze the data.
Results: The Kaiser-Meyer-Elkin and Bartlett tests indicated the sufficiency of the sample size and correlation between items of the questionnaire. Varimax Rotation showed that for five factors the special value was higher than one (indicates items of this instrument are loaded on these five factors). 23% of the variance was accounted for in the first principal component, 15% on the second, 14% on the third, 11% on the forth, 9% on the fifth (72.47% of the variance in total). Comparative indexes and the Tucker-Lewis index are accepted in the range greater than 0.9. The root-mean-square deviation and residual of mean-square error should be less than 0.80. These conditions were true in the present study, but RMSD was higher at about 0.009. Besides, the lower the Akaike the better the fitness of the model. Which the model with five factors had the lowest Akaike. The final model consisted of 20 (out of 22) items.
Conclusion: Based on the results and included items, 20 items had a significant association with related factors. Therefore, the developed framework can be used for the SSO. Future studies are needed to evaluate and monitor this framework. | [
{
"display_name": "Journal of complementary medicine research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210199044",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3021498376 | An Overview of Security Management in Saudi Arabia | [
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"display_name": "Mohammad Yamin",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C117110713"
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{
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{
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"https://openalex.org/W4248418323",
"https://openalex.org/W4298347417"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3021498376 | With the advancement and proliferation of technology and increasing cyber-attacks, Information security has become a critical aspect of asset protection. Cognizant of this fact, many organizations and countries like Saudi Arabia have put into place information security and enforcement policies for data security management. In this article we provide an overview of information security management in Saudi Arabia. Based on our research, we raise a number of critical concerns which should be addressed by the information security management authority in Saudi Arabia. | [] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4362467983 | Digital Workplaces and Information Security Behavior of Business Employees: An Empirical Study of Saudi Arabia | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4362467983 | In the post pandemic era, the telecommuting of business employees has widely become acceptable in organizations, which demands extensive dependence on digital technologies. In addition, this poses additional security threats for business employees as well as organizations. In order to better respond to security threats, business employees must have a higher level of awareness of the potential threats that are relevant to digital infrastructure used within the workplace. In this paper, we present a quantitative study conducted in line with the theory of planned behavior to gain insight into employee behavior toward information security within different business sectors in Saudi Arabia. The key factors chosen for our model were password management, infrastructure security management, email management, organizational security policy, organizational support and training, and the perception of the level of security. We have applied structured equation modelling to identify most of the relevant factors based on the respondents’ feedback. The results based on the business employee behavior showed that they respondents did not perceive all of the constructs of our model as relevant security factors, which can potentially result in security lapses. This indicates that more security-related measures should be put in place and that business employees should be updated periodically about potential security threats. To this effect, we divided the studied security measures into those which should be implemented at organizational and individual levels. The results will potentially help business managers to design appropriate security trainings, guidelines, and policies for their employees to ensure more information security awareness and protect their technological infrastructure, especially within home office environments. | [
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|
https://openalex.org/W3082488652 | Adopting security maturity model to the organizations’ capability model | [
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"display_name": "Sherif Elhennawy",
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"display_name": "Capability Maturity Model",
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C178148461"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C103377522"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C39358052"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777904410"
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{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C79974875"
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{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
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{
"display_name": "Developmental psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138496976"
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{
"display_name": "Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
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{
"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Programming language",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
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] | [
"Yemen"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W1555399450",
"https://openalex.org/W1568319730",
"https://openalex.org/W1989048875",
"https://openalex.org/W2000891179",
"https://openalex.org/W2041488801",
"https://openalex.org/W2049891544",
"https://openalex.org/W2617816955",
"https://openalex.org/W4240770908"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3082488652 | Each organization faces threats and risks in daily operations. One of the main risks is how to assess the security level to protect from the increasing risks associated with technology evolution. So, organizations can specify the required approaches and skills. In this paper, we propose a security maturity model that classifies the organizations into five levels. Each level determines the technologies and process capability used by the organizations. There is a set of factors that can help in determining the security maturity level, such as technology, people, and infrastructure. This paper adopts an Information Security Management model to assess organization’s security level. The authors make a correspondence between maturity levels and security levels in an organization. Also, the proposed process capability controls influence both levels. The proposed model helps the organizations bridging the cybersecurity gaps. These gaps relate to talent, technology, organizational units, financial, management and operations gaps. Thus, the model helps the cybersecurity auditors to create a comprehensive plan for measuring the security level of the organization. This plan can manage and develop the organization’s automated countermeasures. Also, it can help in applying the suitable standard and framework based on the organization’s daily operation. Cybersecurity auditors use cybersecurity techniques and tools to assess the organization’s postures. Finally, the authors applied the security maturity controls in two case studies: retirement organization and public telecommunication corporation in the Republic of Yemen. | [
{
"display_name": "Egyptian Informatics Journal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S97403527",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2398080624 | Information security risk management for computerized health information systems in hospitals: a case study of Iran | [
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Javad Zarei",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5068167452"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Iran University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I161106909",
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"display_name": "Farahnaz Sadoughi",
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{
"display_name": "Risk management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C32896092"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C148976360"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C527648132"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
"display_name": "Information system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C180198813"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95609273"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C12174686"
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779816284"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C83163435"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C112930515"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C29848774"
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{
"display_name": "Security information and event management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C103377522"
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{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
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{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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{
"display_name": "Medical education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C509550671"
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{
"display_name": "Electrical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119599485"
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{
"display_name": "Cloud computing security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C184842701"
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{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C79974875"
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] | [
"Iran"
] | [
"https://openalex.org/W1878308711",
"https://openalex.org/W2098727156",
"https://openalex.org/W2121957921",
"https://openalex.org/W2128232860",
"https://openalex.org/W2139325522",
"https://openalex.org/W2144438602",
"https://openalex.org/W2167143096",
"https://openalex.org/W2992964936"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2398080624 | Background: In recent years, hospitals in Iran – similar to those in other countries – have experienced growing use of computerized health information systems (CHISs), which play a significant role in the operations of hospitals. But, the major challenge of CHIS use is information security. This study attempts to evaluate CHIS information security risk management at hospitals of Iran. Materials and methods: This applied study is a descriptive and cross-sectional research that has been conducted in 2015. The data were collected from 551 hospitals of Iran. Based on literature review, experts’ opinion, and observations at five hospitals, our intensive questionnaire was designed to assess security risk management for CHISs at the concerned hospitals, which was then sent to all hospitals in Iran by the Ministry of Health. Results: Sixty-nine percent of the studied hospitals pursue information security policies and procedures in conformity with Iran Hospitals Accreditation Standards. At some hospitals, risk identification, risk evaluation, and risk estimation, as well as risk treatment, are unstructured without any specified approach or methodology. There is no significant structured approach to risk management at the studied hospitals. Conclusion: Information security risk management is not followed by Iran’s hospitals and their information security policies. This problem can cause a large number of challenges for their CHIS security in future. Therefore, Iran’s Ministry of Health should develop practical policies to improve information security risk management in the hospitals of Iran. Keywords: information security, risk management, health information systems, hospital | [
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764962273",
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{
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"type": "repository"
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{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
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|
https://openalex.org/W4387731759 | Developing an Internal Control Model for the Social Security Organization of Iran with a Risk Management Approach | [
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{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Islamic Azad University, Isfahan",
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"display_name": "Hamzeh Mohammadi Khoshouei",
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"display_name": "Esmail Kazemi",
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"display_name": "Mohsen Dastgir",
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{
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{
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{
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] | [
"Iran"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4387731759 | This study aimed to develop an internal control model for the Iranian Social Security Organization with a risk management approach. This exploratory study is applied in terms of objective, and the statistical population comprised 340 employees in the financial department of the Iranian Social Security Organization. The data was collected using interviews and questionnaires, and the hypotheses were tested with inferential statistics and structural equation tests. The results showed that the internal control factors of the Iranian Social Security Organization include the income bank system, the legal obligations system, compensation, the financial bookkeeping system, the movable and immovable property system, the financial management system, and check issuance requirements. The results also showed that the factors affecting internal controls are among the factors influencing risk management. Considering the extent of branches, dimensions, various services including (retirement, disability) and the size and volume of financial operations, as well as the very high budget of the Social Security Organization (for example, in 1401, the budget of the Social Security Organization is 500 thousand billion Rials), there are many factors on the controls Empty and effective risk management. The most important factors affecting the Social Security Organization's internal controls' efficacy are the financial bookkeeping system, Payroll system, And Legal requirements for issuing checks. | [
{
"display_name": "Iranian journal of finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210177276",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W3120521879 | Security Information and Event Management Model Based on Defense-in-Depth Strategy for Vital Digital Assets in Nuclear Facilities | [
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
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"Iran"
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"https://openalex.org/W1415326535",
"https://openalex.org/W1994805988",
"https://openalex.org/W2077121139",
"https://openalex.org/W2330269052"
] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3120521879 | After striking event of Stuxnet in Iran, international society recognizes that sabotage using cyber attack on nuclear facilities is no longer a hypothetical. The International Atomic Energy Agency, the IAEA, and the US nuclear facility regulatory authority recommends that nuclear licensees establish security measures to prevent/detect/response the cyber attack. Moreover, storing logs at the system to trace and support the incident investigation and analysis by their guidelines. In particular, since vital digital assets (VDA) to prevent and mitigate severe accidents in nuclear facilities, that possibly be direct targets for sabotage. Therefore, security measures for cyber attack detection and log collection are essential. SIEM is typical attack detection model through security information and log management, and various solutions are already used in many IT industries. But VDAs are difficult to purchase and implement commercial log collection and detection solutions. Because industrial control systems which used in VDAs are develop specifically for nuclear facilities, designed and performing safety and safety related functions. And nuclear facilities are necessary to meet safety and security requirements such as defense-in-depth strategy and boundary protection system to licensees designing SIEN network to implement central monitoring method. So we proposed DID-SIEM that is a security information and event management model based on defense-in-depth strategy. DID-SIEM is SIEM model that incorporates the design requirements to meet both the cyber security guidelines and operational constraints of nuclear facilities. | [
{
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|
https://openalex.org/W1822978087 | THE EFFECT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CAPABILITIES IN IMPLEMENTING, INFORMATION SECURITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS | [
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https://openalex.org/W4380667425 | The importance of achieving security culture in enhancing the status of companies: the Egyptian airlines as a case study | [
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https://openalex.org/W2271382680 | Competitiveness Impacts of Climate Change on LDCs' export trade | [
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https://openalex.org/W1508761889 | TRADE LIBERALIZATION, TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND EMPLOYMENT IN MIDDLE AND LOW INCOME COUNTRIES | [
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"Turkey"
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|
https://openalex.org/W1573009470 | Prospects for Progress: The TRIPS Agreement and Developing Countries After the DOHA Conference | [
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"Qatar"
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https://openalex.org/W3147949684 | Can the Doha Round be a Development Round? Setting a Place at the Table | [
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] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3147949684 | A fundamental objective of the Doha Round of WTO negotiations is to improve the trading prospects of developing countries. The 2001 declaration from the WTO Ministerial Conference in Doha, Qatar, commits the member governments to negotiations aimed at substantial improvements in market access with a view to phasing out export subsidies, while embracing special and differential for developing countries as an integral part of all elements of the negotiations. The main message of this paper comes in three parts. First, these stated aims are incompatible from the perspective of our economic analysis; thus, if these aims are pursued as stated, then we conclude that they are unlikely to deliver the meaningful trade gains for developing countries that the WTO membership seeks. Second, in attempting to integrate its developing country membership into the world trading system, the WTO may face a problem that, while occurring also in earlier rounds, is unprecedented in its scale in the Doha Round, and which could potentially account for the current impasse. And third, we argue that if the Round maintains its stated aims but moves away from the non-reciprocal special-and-differential treatment norm as the cornerstone of the approach to meeting developing country needs in the WTO, and if developing countries prepare, in markets where they are large, to come to the bargaining table and to negotiate reciprocally with each other and with developing nations, then it might be possible to break the impasse at Doha, to address the latecomers problem, and to deliver trade gains for developing countries. | [
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https://openalex.org/W2243440163 | Broken Promises: Trade, Agriculture and Development in the WTO | [
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"Qatar"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2243440163 | I INTRODUCTION The relationship between developing countries and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ('GATT') (1) and World Trade Organisation ('WTO') multilateral trade regime is marked by a troubled history. Following decades of virtual non-participation in Wade negotiations, developing countries took a seat at the negotiating table at the Uruguay Round of Wade negotiations. There is a growing sense that by accepting the outcome of the Uruguay Round, developing countries paid a very high price for the promise of liberalisation of the agricultural and textile sectors in the North--a promise most developing countries now consider broken. (2) The failure to launch a new Wade round at Seattle in 1999 demonstrated how seriously developing countries were committed to rectifying the 'imbalances and inequities' of past agreements. (3) That the new round of WTO negotiations, launched in 2001 in Doha, Qatar, has been dubbed the 'Development Agenda' points to a recognition that development issues will be fundamental to the round's success. (4) More than a change in rhetoric will be required, however, to achieve the reordering of the multilateral trading system now demanded by many developing countries. This commentary explores this troubled history by examining the way in which the multilateral trading system has accommodated development under the GATT and WTO. The commentary focuses on the Agreement on Agriculture (5) because it highlights a number of concerns about the relationship between the North and South in the WTO. The Agreement on Agriculture in its current form stops well short of liberalising the agricultural sector. The history of agricultural protectionism in the North and agriculture's virtual exclusion from the GATT prior to 1995 demonstrates the highly political nature of this sector. However, given the importance of agricultural reform to the growth and prosperity of many developing countries, the WTO's treatment of agriculture can be seen as a test of its credibility and survivability. (6) Whether the regime can maintain its ideological commitment to liberalisation and free trade when this conflicts with the interests of the North is likely to determine whether the WTO can survive in the face of developing country expectations to participate in, and benefit from, global trade. Part II of this commentary considers the contested understandings of development that underpinned the provision of different and more favourable treatment for developing countries in the GATT. The marked shift in understandings of development that followed the failure of import substitution policies and prompted greater developing country involvement in the multilateral trading system is also explored. Part III examines the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture. It begins by considering the political and economic significance of the Agreement, to both developed and developing country members. Part III analyses the Agreement on Agriculture's framework for liberalisation and the provision of special and differential treatment for developing countries. The commentary argues that far from meeting the interests of developing countries, the Agreement on Agriculture in its current form has done little to liberalise agricultural trade and has contributed to the further institutionalisation of inequality between the North and South. Part IV examines the developments to date under the Doha Round negotiations relating to the further reform of the Agreement on Agriculture and measures contemplated to assist developing countries. It suggests that real participation by the South in the multilateral trade regime will require the North to make a more serious commitment to technical and financial assistance in addition to accepting meaningful liberalisation of agricultural trade. Part IV also considers the debate surrounding the 'multifunctionality' of agriculture. It suggests that to make allowances for multifunctionality in the agreement on the terms proposed by some developed countries would constitute a backward step for the South. … | [
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https://openalex.org/W2152701591 | Can the Doha Round Be a Development Round? Setting a Place at the Table | [
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] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2152701591 | A fundamental objective of the Doha Round of WTO negotiations is to improve the trading prospects of developing countries. The 2001 declaration from the WTO Ministerial Conference in Doha, Qatar, commits the member governments to negotiations aimed at substantial improvements in market access with a view to phasing out export subsidies, while embracing special and differential for developing countries as an integral part of all elements of the negotiations. The main message of this paper comes in three parts. First, these stated aims are incompatible from the perspective of our economic analysis; thus, if these aims are pursued as stated, then we conclude that they are unlikely to deliver the meaningful trade gains for developing countries that the WTO membership seeks. Second, in attempting to integrate its developing country membership into the world trading system, the WTO may face a problem that, while occurring also in earlier rounds, is unprecedented in its scale in the Doha Round, and which could potentially account for the current impasse. And third, we argue that if the Round maintains its stated aims but moves away from the non-reciprocal special-and-differential treatment norm as the cornerstone of the approach to meeting developing country needs in the WTO, and if developing countries prepare, in markets where they are large, to come to the bargaining table and to negotiate reciprocally with each other and with developing nations, then it might be possible to break the impasse at Doha, to address the latecomers problem, and to deliver trade gains for developing countries. | [
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https://openalex.org/W345333237 | World Trade Organization (WTO) Negotiations between Developing and Developed Countries: An Evolutionary Game Theory Approach | [
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"Qatar"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W345333237 | The World Trade Organization (WTO) is committed to increasing world trade in the belief that this will improve global prosperity. As part of their efforts member nations reached preliminary agreement in 2005 on a number of topics, including the cancellation of subsidies for the exports of agricultural products. However, they were unable to make any significant progress on other issues, such as for the reduction of tariffs for non-agricultural products and the liberalising of service industries, since the previous round of negotiations. It seems th.at the negotiation procedures required by WTO are imposing more and more difficulties as time passes. This 'apparent impasse' prompted the present study, which uses evolutionary games to analyse the situation faced in WTO negotiations between developed nations and developing nations in order to suggest the best strategies for them. From a developing world perspective, this analysis suggests that to maximise their trade benefits, these nations should adopt a unified position, focus on single rather than diversified topics and should develop independent economies. (ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.) 1. Introduction World Trade Organization (WTO), a multilateral trade mechanism, governs the multilateral trade negotiations among its member nations. As soon as its member nations conclude negotiations and sign on the agreements, their agreements are construed as legal documents with binding power. All member nations are obligated to enforce all stipulations stated in the agreements accordingly. Furthermore, all member nations are entitled to the rig-hts and subject to the obligations stated in the articles set forth by their multilateral covenants and agreements. As time passed by, more and more nations have joined WTO. With more and more topics being included into agenda, the negotiation's outcomes are virtually impossible to be accepted by all member nations. Consequently, the negotiations are rarely making any progress. This study has reviewed all literatures related to the negotiations presided over by WTO and its predecessor GATT (The General Agreement on Tariff and Trade) and has thereby concluded that the negotiations are hardly making any progress in the last few decades. According to Table 1, The eight multilateral trade negotiations presided over by GATT had become time-consuming as more and more members were joining the negotiations and more and more topics were included into agenda. For example, the first six rounds of negotiations concentrated on the topics related to tariff reductions and had reach agreements efficiently. Each round lasted for a few months only. Kennedy Round only took three years to reach its agreement and was considered the most time-consuming round. In the seventh round, the Tokyo Round, a series of topics related to the elimination of non-tariff trade barrier and GATT legal framework revision were discussed; besides, a large number of complicated topics related to tariff reduction were argued over the negotiation tables. As a result, the negotiation lasted for nearly six years. In the eighth round, the Uruguay Round, 128 member nations/districts negotiated over 15 topics including tariff barriers, non-tariff barriers, intellectual properties related to trade, investment policies related to trade, and service trade. The negotiations started from September 1986 and ended in April 1994 - almost eight years. The Doha Round began with a ministerial-level meeting in Doha, Qatar in November 2001. This round has finalized 1 9 topics including permission for entrance into agricultural product market, non-agricultural product market, intellectual properties related to service industries, rules, dispute settlement, trade, and environments as well as 8 topics related to the negotiations for the issues related to the development. Doha Round was scheduled to be ended on January 1, 2005. In the ministerial-level meeting of September 2003 in Cancun, Mexico, however, the member nations were unable to reach any agreement for a number of issues , such as agriculture. … | [
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https://openalex.org/W3107256803 | TRIPS-Plus and US FTAs: Recommendations to Jordan, Bahrain and Sudan to Increase Accessibility to Medicines | [
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"Bahrain",
"Sudan",
"Jordan"
] | [] | https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3107256803 | This thesis aims to contribute in shaping the future of access to medicines. The present research adds to the body of existing academic literature while addressing existing knowledge gaps. In doing so, it will identify the extent to which Jordan and Bahrain have been disadvantaged by Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)-plus policies, as well as their own national policies. This thesis aims to improve access to medicines in Jordan and Bahrain by encouraging these countries to utilise the available, but limited, policy space through implementing workable solutions. Accordingly, this thesis will also be of interest to other developing countries and least developed countries (LDCs), such as Sudan, that wish to accede to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and TRIPS, as well as sign free trade agreements (FTAs).
More specifically, this thesis explores the roots of TRIPS and discusses the ways in which the influences of the US, the EU and pharmaceutical companies are evident in the drafting of TRIPS. Moreover, this thesis shows that TRIPS’s flexibilities are limited by FTAs and that the existence of the Doha Declaration and FTAs are clear evidence that the interests of developing and LDCs, with regards with access to medicines, are being disregarded.
This thesis further investigates the extent to which TRIPS-plus agreements have disadvantaged Jordan’s access to medicines. As this will be a comparative study between Jordan and Bahrain, the present research will compare and contrast the experiences of these two countries. Moreover, this thesis argues that there is existing policy space that could be realistically utilised by the Jordanian and Bahraini governments. It also goes on to make recommendations that could be incorporated within Jordan’s and Bahrain’s national laws in order to increase their access to medicine.
In addition, this thesis suggests steps that the Sudanese government could implement before acceding to the WTO and TRIPS. Based on the experiences of Jordan, Bahrain, and other least developed countries that have acceded to WTO and
increased their policy space, these suggestions will increase access to medicine in Sudan. | [] |
Subsets and Splits