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<b>The status of Arabian Gazelles <I>Gazella arabica</I> (Mammalia: Cetartiodactyla: Bovidae) in Al Wusta Wildlife Reserve and Ras Ash Shajar Nature Reserve, Oman</b> | Mansoor H. Al Jahdhami (https://openalex.org/A5047207786)|Sultan Al Bulushi (https://openalex.org/A5024975371)|Haitham Al Rawahi (https://openalex.org/A5021126177)|Waheed Al Fazari (https://openalex.org/A5066263553)|Ahmed Al Amri (https://openalex.org/A5007542830)|AbdulRahman Al Owaisi (https://openalex.org/A5001395900)|Salim Al Rubaiey (https://openalex.org/A5035470761)|Zahran Al Abdulasalam (https://openalex.org/A5023447050)|Metab Al Ghafri (https://openalex.org/A5064274323)|Shaeilendra Yadav (https://openalex.org/A5013451978)|Sami Al Rahbi (https://openalex.org/A5088014851)|Stephen M. Ross (https://openalex.org/A5019104446) | 2,017 | We conducted distance sampling surveys of the Arabian Gazelle (Gazella arabica) in two protected areas, Al Wusta Wildife Reserve (WWR) and Ras Ash Shajar Nature (RSNR), regarded as important for gazelle conservation northern central Oman. The survey WWR estimated a density 0.161 gazelles/km2 surveyed area, RSNR an 25.8 gazelles/km2. is highest recorded wild population. Using sighting frequency non-surveyed parts each reserve, we estimate populations 498 505 RSNR, respectively. Our demonstrated potential high gazelles well productive habitats, but also that are decline WWR, most likely result poaching competition with domestic livestock. | article | en | Poaching|Bovidae|Distance sampling|Geography|Population density|Nature reserve|Wildlife|Forestry|Population|Ecology|Biology|Habitat|Demography|Sociology | https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.3398.9.7.10369-10373 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2738078007', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.3398.9.7.10369-10373', 'mag': '2738078007'} | Oman | C144024400 | Sociology | Journal of Threatened Taxa |
<b>War Afflicted Beings: Myth-Ecological Discourse of the Play <i>Bengal Tiger at the Baghdad Zoo</i> by Rajiv Joseph</b> // Seres afligidos por la guerra: Discurso mito-ecológico de la obra <i>Bengal Tiger at the Baghdad Zoo</i> de Rajiv Joseph | Qurratulaen Liaqat (https://openalex.org/A5054611085) | 2,018 | Every war has grave repercussions for both the human and non-human elements in geographical location where it erupts. Dramatic productions like Rajiv Joseph’s Bengal Tiger at Baghdad Zoo (2009) highlight consequences of on ecosystem conflict-stricken vicinity city. In play, chaotic world portrayed is an ecocentric site ghost a tiger talks destruction garden, city values are lamented. To illustrate hazards conflict, Joseph incorporates ancient myths with tragedy Iraq to raise issues related Eco-theology, Zoo-criticism, Speciesism, Green Criticism, Eco-Feminism Environmental Racism against backdrop War. The author integrates Grail legends, Greek mythology monotheistic religious texts play’s structure draw attention impending environmental doom. For example, garden play reminds us Biblical gardens, assault virgin brings mind Ovid’s story Philomela’s rape, quest golden toilet seat desert clear indication motif narrative. All these instances insinuate embedded mythical patterns current era’s indifference safety our fellow species. Moreover, does not only hint crimes, but also refers overall as outcome negligence insensitivity towards environment. short, myth-ecological narrative dilapidated ecology contemporary world. Resumen Toda guerra tiene graves repercusiones para los elementos humanos y no de la ubicación geográfica en que estalla. (2009), Joseph, es una obra teatro se destacan las consecuencias el ecosistema zonas afectadas por conflictos ciudad Bagdad. El mundo caótico retratado un sitio ecocéntrico habla fantasma tigre, lamenta destrucción del jardín, Bagdad valores humanos. incorpora mitos antiguos tragedia Irak plantear temas relacionados con ecoteología, zoología, crítica verde, ecofeminismo racismo ambiental contexto Iraq. autor integra leyendas Grial, mitología griega textos religiosos monoteístas estructura fin llamar atención sobre inminente apocalipsis ambiental. Por ejemplo, jardín nos recuerda jardines bíblicos; asalto virgen hace recordar historia violación Filomela, narrada Ovidio; búsqueda inodoro dorado desierto clara alusión al motivo Grial narrativa obra. Todos estos ejemplos insinúan modelos míticos incrustados obra, indiferencia era actual hacia seguridad demás seres La solo insinúa crímenes guerra, sino también refiere general como resultado negligencia humana insensibilidad medio ambiente. En resumen, narración mito-ecológica ecología dilapidada contemporáneo. | article | es | Mythology|History|Criticism|Environmental ethics|Literature|Sociology|Art|Philosophy | https://doi.org/10.37536/ecozona.2018.9.2.2306 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2915037422', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.37536/ecozona.2018.9.2.2306', 'mag': '2915037422'} | Iraq | C144024400 | Sociology | Ecozon@ |
<b>مسيرة الحضارةِ الإسلاميةِ التركيةِ في الأناضولِ بين الماضي والحاضر</b> | Hür Mahmut Yücer (https://openalex.org/A5024729826) | 2,015 | <p>Abstract</p><p>This study endeavours to ascertain the bibliographical resources which Anatolian Turks, an important component of Islamic history and civilization, have been nourished. Meanwhile it holds style civilization they constructed according course these sources. after embracing Islam had used Persian then Arabic as language science. However most people who knew Turkish only, formed their religious feelings through easy brief texts are read understand. In Seljukids' era books such Hamzanamah, Hz. Ali'nin Cenkleri (The Battles Caliph Ali) Battalnamah publicly while in Ottomans' Mızraklı İlmihal (a book explaning principles Islam), Ahmadiyah, Muhammadiyah. Great masses composed intellectual moral values by means books. This article strives analyse how repeatedly said over centuries secondary institutions culture built itself. descriptive analyze method is adopted.</p> | article | en | Islam|Civilization|Arabic|Feeling|Turkish|Indonesian|Persian|History|Religious studies|Classics|Sociology|Theology|Law|Psychology|Political science|Philosophy|Linguistics|Social psychology | https://doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v3i4.389 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1895790705', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v3i4.389', 'mag': '1895790705'} | Turkey | C144024400 | Sociology | Tarih Kültür ve Sanat Araştırmaları Dergisi |
<b>“Please do not judge us too harshly!” – The exile’s return to contemporary Somaliain <i>Links</i> by Nuruddin Farah<b> | Divanize Carbonieri (https://openalex.org/A5036255011) | 2,014 | In Links, Nuruddin Farah (2003) portrays a Somali back to his country after more than two decades of exile. The scenario he meets is aSomalia already free from the dictatorship that expulsed him, but still immersed in bloody civil war between rival militias. Farah’s narrative largely built around extensive scenes conversation and confront this returnee Somalis who remained became involved conflict. current paper demonstrates reckoning made possible by these confrontations does not actually mean leveling blame, since seems be very specific about main reasons for nation’s state destruction. | article | en | Somali|Dictatorship|Blame|Narrative|Conversation|State (computer science)|Spanish Civil War|History|Political science|Literature|Law|Economic history|Art|Sociology|Psychology|Democracy|Philosophy|Social psychology|Linguistics|Communication|Algorithm|Politics|Computer science | https://doi.org/10.4025/actascilangcult.v36i1.19340 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2055721889', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.4025/actascilangcult.v36i1.19340', 'mag': '2055721889'} | Somalia | C144024400 | Sociology | Acta Scientiarum. Language and Culture|DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)|Americanae (AECID Library) |
<bold>A Bibliography on Divorce</bold>. Edited by Stan Israel. Hallandale, Fla.: Charles E. Bloch, 1974. 300 pp. $10.95 | 1,976 | A Bibliography on Divorce. Edited by Stan Israel. Hallandale, Fla.: Charles E. Bloch, 1974. 300 pp. $10.95 Israel Stan. $10.95. Donald Brieland Search for other works this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social Work, Volume 21, Issue 2, March 1976, Page 172, https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/21.2.172-d Published: 01 1976 | article | en | Bibliography|Gerontology|Sociology|Library science|Medicine|Computer science | https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/21.2.172-d | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4232031948', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/21.2.172-d'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Social Work |
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<bold>Group Care: An Israeli Approach.</bold> Edited by Martin Wolins and Meir Gottesmann. New York: Gordon &amp; Breach, 1971. 437 pp. $12.50 | Arthur Blum (https://openalex.org/A5076559377) | 1,972 | Group Care: An Israeli Approach. Edited by Martin Wolins and Meir Gottesmann. New York: Gordon & Breach, 1971. 437 pp. $12.50 Get access Gottesmann MeirGroup Approach 1971New York Breach437$12.50 Arthur Blum Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio Search for other works this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social Work, Volume 17, Issue 5, September 1972, Pages 107–108, https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/17.5.107-a Published: 01 1972 | article | en | Sociology|Psychoanalysis|Psychology | https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/17.5.107-a | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2747422495', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/17.5.107-a', 'mag': '2747422495'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Social Work |
<bold>Helping in Social Work</bold>. By Bill Jordan. Boston: Routledge &amp; Kegan Paul, 1979. 150 pp. $11.75 cloth, $5.95 paper | 1,980 | Helping in Social Work. By Bill Jordan. Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1979. 150 pp. $11.75 cloth, $5.95 paper Get access Jordan Bill. paper. Francis P. Purcell San Francisco UniversitySan Francisco, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Work, Volume 25, Issue 5, September 1980, Page 426, https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/25.5.426 Published: 01 1980 | article | en | Social work|Sociology|Gerontology|Work (physics)|Religious studies|Media studies|Law|Political science|Medicine|Philosophy|Mechanical engineering|Engineering | https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/25.5.426 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4241773574', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/25.5.426'} | Jordan | C144024400 | Sociology | Social Work |
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<bold>Middle East Record</bold>: Vol. 5 1969–1970 (Book I: Parts 1–4; Book II: Part 5) | 1,978 | Middle East Record: Vol. 5 1969–1970 (Book I: Parts 1–4; Book II: Part 5) Get access 5). Edited by Daniel Dishon. Jerusalem: Israel Universities Press. 1977. (Distrib. in UK John Wiley, Chichester.) 1377 pp. £60.00. $98.45. D. H. 1Chatham House Search for other works this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 54, Issue 1, January 1978, Pages 189–190, https://doi.org/10.2307//ia/54/1/189a Published: 01 1978 | article | en | Middle East|History|Art history|Library science|Art|Media studies|Sociology|Archaeology|Computer science | https://doi.org/10.2307//ia/54/1/189a | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4242272654', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2307//ia/54/1/189a'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | International Affairs |
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<bold>Midlife Myths: Issues, Findings, and Practice Implications</bold> Edited by Ski Hunter and Martin Sundel. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, 1989. 288 pp. $39.95 hardback, 19.95 paperback | 1,991 | Midlife Myths: Issues, Findings, and Practice Implications Edited by Ski Hunter Martin Sundel. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, 1989. 288 pp. $39.95 hardback, 19.95 paperback Klein MartinMidlife ImplicationsNewbury CA Publications 1989288$39.95hardback, Jordan I. Kosberg Department of Gerontology, University South Florida, Tampa Search for other works this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social Work, Volume 36, Issue 5, September 1991, Page 462, https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/36.5.462-a Published: 01 1991 | article | en | Mythology|SAGE|Gerontology|Psychology|Sociology|Library science|History|Medicine|Classics|Computer science|Physics|Nuclear physics | https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/36.5.462-a | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4243478911', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/36.5.462-a'} | Jordan | C144024400 | Sociology | Social Work |
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<bold>The Voluntary Service Agency in Israel.</bold> By Ralph M. Kramer. Research Series No. 26. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California, 1976. 94 pp. $2.00 paper | 1,976 | Journal Article The Voluntary Service Agency in Israel. By Ralph M. Kramer. Research Series No. 26. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University California, 1976. 94 pp. $2.00 paper Get access Kramer M.. paper. Donald Brieland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social Work, Volume 21, Issue 5, September 1976, Page 414, https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/21.5.414-a Published: 01 1976 | article | en | Agency (philosophy)|Library science|Political science|Social work|Service (business)|Management|Sociology|Media studies|Public administration|Gerontology|Medicine|Law|Social science|Business|Economics|Marketing|Computer science | https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/21.5.414-a | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4238204186', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/21.5.414-a'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Social Work |
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<br>(Hate Speech and the LGBT Community) | Tamar Gidron (https://openalex.org/A5063436141)|Haim Abraham (https://openalex.org/A5031370888) | 2,016 | תקציר בעברית: ביטויי שנאה הם תולדה של מסרים תרבותיים. כל מה שאינו מתיישר על פי הנורמות החברתיות-תרבותיות הופך להיות אחר, שונה ולעתים גם נתפס כשלילי. האחרות השלילית מולידה ריחוק ודחייה, ומשם הדרך כבר קצרה לאפליה מודעת, הסתה ואף לאלימות, שלעתים תוליד בסופו דבר פשע שנאה. בפרק זה אנו נציג את התופעה הכללית הזו בפתח דברינו במבט משווה, ננסה להגדירה ונעמוד בקצרה חלק מהגורמים העיקריים שבגינם היא נוצרת ומתחזקת. בהמשך המאמר נעסוק בהגנה המשפטית מפני שנאה, בהקשר הכללי, ונתמקד בעיקר באינטרסים השונים הנאבקים הבכורה ואשר שיטת משפט עורכת האיזון ביניהם הנכון לה מבחינה תרבותית ומוסרית. לאחר מכן האכסניה שבמסגרתה ניתן להתמודד עם פרסומי שטנה נגד קהילת הלהטב בישראל ואת הקשיים בהתמודדות תופעה זו. כמו כן נשווה ההסדרים שאומצו ידי שיטות אחרות דיבור כנגד הלהטב, ולקראת סיום נשרטט הכיוונים הרצויים לפיתוח המשפט הישראלי בנושא הן ערכי והן יישומי, המבוסס הצעות לתיקוני חקיקה ושינויי גישה במדיניות התביעה ובמדיניות הפסיקה. בכלל זאת נראה, כי הגנה המכוון כלפי עשויה להימצא במישור הפלילי בחוק העונשין ובחוק למניעת הטרדה מינית; האזרחי מינית איסור לשון הרע.English Abstract: Hate speech is a result of cultural signals. Everything that doesn't align with the socio-cultural norms becomes other, different, and at times perceived negatively. This otherness negativity lead to distancing rejection, from which discrimination physical violence, including hate crimes, can come be. In this chapter we present phenomenon through prism comparative law, define what is, indicate some factors due performed. We then continue analyze various rights interests hand, evaluate might be proper balance between them according moral considerations. Moreover, different plausible legal regimes protection against LGBT community could achieved, both in Israel perspective. suggest such found criminal sexual harassment law defamation. | article | he | Transgender|Political science|Sociology|Psychology|Gender studies | https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2755782 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2340892142', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2755782', 'mag': '2340892142'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Social Science Research Network |
<em>A Curious Case of Hybrid Paternalism:</em> Conceptualizing the Relationship Between the UN and AU on Peace and Security | Thomas Kwasi Tieku (https://openalex.org/A5045706809)|Tanzeel F. Hakak (https://openalex.org/A5086029420) | 2,014 | This article conceptualizes the working relationship between African Union (AU) and United Nations (UN). The depth of AU-UN partnership is unparalleled in terms UN’s relations with other regional security institutions world it even transcends traditional classification organizations (ROs). We suggest that concept hybrid paternalism, when disaggregated used as a multidimensional analytical framework, provides an accurate convincing description complex nature relationship. identifies five different dimensions namely: legal resource-based political normative ideational paternalism. When examined from perspective elements becomes clear AU UN inherently symbiotic codepen-dent. Both share Africa’s peacemaking burden have each to use scapegoat activities do not go according plan. In addition, while has partner can gain consent intervene all states Africa (except Morocco), counterpart for financial, technical, logistical, human resources assistance fulfill its mandate. codependent opens up opportunities institution influence decision-making processes organizational behavior other. To ensure nuanced, textured, in-depth discussion, draws information primarily Security Council (UNSC) Peace (PSC) Architecture (APSA) illustrate argument. | article | en | Paternalism|General partnership|Sociology|Institution|Political science|Politics|Law and economics|Law | https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.4.2.129 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2052450384', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.4.2.129', 'mag': '2052450384'} | Morocco | C144024400 | Sociology | African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review |
<em>A Return to the Common Reader: Print Culture and the Novel, 1850–1900</em>, edited by Beth Palmer and Adelene Buckland | Kate Flint (https://openalex.org/A5053702831) | 2,013 | Reviewed by: A Return to the Common Reader: Print Culture and Novel, 1850–1900 edited by Beth Palmer Adelene Buckland Kate Flint (bio) 1850–1900, Buckland; pp. xii + 188. Aldershot Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2011, £55.00, $99.95. What, exactly, do we mean when speak of “the common reader”? In George Gissing’s New Grub Street (1891) term signified, at least Reardons, someone who failed recognize literary quality, read indiscriminately. By self-conscious contrast, Amy Reardon, in early days her marriage, would often give “her husband a thrill exquisite pleasure pointing some merit or defect” new library volume “of which reader be totally insensible!” ([Oxford University Press, 2009], 68). When Richard Altick employed phrase title his enormously influential The English Social History Mass Reading Public, 1800–1900 (1957), he used it much same way. “common reader” is here constructed as newspapers penny fiction, sensation literature Newgate tales—of works, other words, that were ephemeral, certainly did not, time published study, find their ways onto university curricula. took term, course, from Samuel Johnson, “Life Gray” (1779) said “I rejoice concur with reader; for sense readers, uncorrupted prejudices, after all refinements subtilty dogmatism learning, must finally decided claim poetical honours” (The Lives Poets: Selection, John Mullan Roger Lonsdale, [Oxford 461). readers not just those existed outside academia institutions. Johnson’s emphasis on sense,” ability make up minds about value, utility, enjoyability works they read, many unacknowledged thread running through this essays. Its origins lie conference was held Oxford January 2007 celebration fifty continuous years Altick’s had been print. questions raised essays have brought together concern relationship reading democracy, process learning think oneself, resistance conventions expectations class gender. They hark back, ways, concerns. fact so is, mark way work crucial opening field studies include different types texts; uniformly interesting, well-researched Reader offer persuasive testimony breadth enduring influence. For most part—and perhaps befits what essence, commemorative volume—these are seek position statements. Although collection divided into two parts—“Publishers, Authors, Critics, Readers” “Scenes Reading”—this does signify sustained divide between theory praxis. opens Laurel Brake’s very useful overview nineteenthcentury publishing practices, subsequent authors detailed use primary materials. These Ouida’s (Maria Louise Ramé) correspondence publishers, Jane Jordan shows being marketed, priced, packaged popular novelist ensured critics judged one’s accordingly; journals, letters, autobiographical accounts consulted Rosalind Crone entertaining, informed account how prisoners Bible convict ships; [End Page 544] archives Royal Colonial Institute, fascinating investigation kinds its organizational practices enabled. pays scrupulous attention shelving cataloguing, showing even if contained plenty unquestioningly assumed Britain’s place center world... | review | en | George (robot)|Newspaper|Poetry|Print culture|Art history|Literature|Art|Media studies|History|Classics|Sociology | https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.55.3.544 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W632297084', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.55.3.544', 'mag': '632297084'} | Jordan | C144024400 | Sociology | Victorian Studies |
<em>African Conflicts and Informal Power: Big Men and Networks</em>, Mats Utas, ed. | Mohamed Haji Ingiriis (https://openalex.org/A5033133967) | 2,014 | Reviewed by: African Conflicts and Informal Power: Big Men Networks ed. by Mats Utas Mohamed Haji Ingiriis Utas, Mats, 2012. Networks. London: Zed Books. 255 pp. £28.89. In Networks, has edited an excellent volume made up of contributions from prominent anthropologists political scientists. The contributors present both country thematic case studies, augmented empirical research emanating fieldwork mostly done in western Africa. is contribution to the scholarship conflicts sequel Christopher Clapham’s Guerrillas (1998). introduction, stresses that, Africa, war “does not imply collapse everything; [but] a venturing into total anarchy. Alternative forms control management establish themselves when formal governance diminished” (p. 2). Probably, there no place general context that such illuminating assertions are truer than Somalia, except writing about does have Somalia mind, although been functioning government for more three decades politics patronage post-conflict trajectories exist there. Part one consists four chapters studies West which discuss conflict-ridden nations subregion; fifth chapter on Uganda, eastern suffered similar plight. two well-researched five chapters, which, as part one, most did ethnographic during brutal armed 1990s early 2000s. researchers, their encounters with local people, succeeded establishing invisible camaraderie warlords militias, whom they do seem criticize any way, probably reflecting obviously unholy alliance or relationship; nonetheless, several appear congenial other nonstate actors conflicts. Thematically, this collection reiterates fact state shrivels, ensuing vacuum paves way big men—a loose, nonstate, heterogeneous group, competing spoils conflict. Such groups spring at margins institutions. A man referred modern-day postconflict sultan, credited “the ability command, instate mass action, where authority structurally ascribed socio-historically motivated [by being] based Man’s create following large extent dependent his informal abilities assist people” 6). Guinea-Bissau, men known homigarandi; afarjeeble, slang ‘wealthy warlords’. foregoing context, what emerges term bigmanity, depends upon time space, but its originator unknown. instances, notion bigmanity emanate citizenry; times, touches like Gus Kouwenhoven, well-known Dutch national, who operated war-torn Liberia now allegedly serving prison sentence Netherlands. [End Page 92] Alleged examples include French oil manager was Mogadishu Giancarlo Marocchino, Italian lived capital better 1990s, he reportedly Somali clan wars. 1993, reported briefly arrested detained United Nations troops Somalia. As readers learn Power, if alleged traders Kouwenhove might less destructive, pursuit resources wars would minimal. acknowledge how transforms societies, yet it metamorphoses illustrate dependence society caught warfare. Therefore, wary conditions observe breaking structures, consolidating communal peace, rebuilding institutions would, say least, take many years, relapse probable. Also, observations Ilmari Käihkö, contributing essay, demonstrate is... | review | en | Power (physics)|Scholarship|Politics|Corporate governance|Context (archaeology)|Political science|Gender studies|Geography|Sociology|History|Law|Management|Archaeology|Physics|Quantum mechanics|Economics | https://doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.60.4.92 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W284869986', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.60.4.92', 'mag': '284869986'} | Somalia | C144024400 | Sociology | Africa Today |
<em>Albion and Jerusalem: The Anglo-Jewish Community in the Post-Emancipation Era, 1858––1887</em>, by Michael Clark | David Katz (https://openalex.org/A5038829668) | 2,011 | Reviewed by: Albion and Jerusalem: The Anglo-Jewish Community in the Post-Emancipation Era, 1858–1887 David S. Katz (bio) 1858–1887, by Michael Clark; pp. x + 308. Oxford New York: University Press, 2009, £61.00, $100.00. history of Jews England is usually divided into three periods. first, from 1066 to 1290, pre-Expulsion era. next runs somewhere sixteenth century (with readmission along way 1655 1656) 1858, year which Lionel de Rothschild took his seat House Commons as first Jewish MP, ending an eleven-year struggle sit for City London, had returned him five times. third final period goes 1881 until today, twenty-five years being time when between one hundred twenty fifty thousand east European settled Britain, with perhaps another spending at least two there while passing through. In 1881, were only about sixty Britain; 1914, a quarter British Jewry was native-born. Although are few books that treat each these long periods, Clark really professional historian cast eye on so-called emancipation beginning mass immigration; result, published prestigious Historical Monographs series, outstanding. chief reason Clark's success he not historian. Indeed, discloses [End Page 355] preface, even Jewish. He places Anglo-Jewry fully context what often called host community scholars whose focus alone. Under focus, thirty 1858 1887 become absolutely essential understanding transitions undergone England, it now seems incredible book like written earlier. key watersheds immigration, but also Bulgarian Agitation 1876 subsequent renewal Eastern Question during following years. Reports sufferings Christians Turkish pacification their rebellious Balkan territories prompted William Gladstone return retirement lead Liberal party campaign against Ottoman Empire. As Prime Minister, Benjamin Disraeli adhered life-long affection Turkey East, refused be swept national hysteria Ottomans, sentimental reasons, more importantly because perception sickly Empire crucial barrier healthier Russian one, rival imperial ambitions. position much secure than Russia, tended back Disraeli's policies those Liberals. any case, Chronicle insisted, "Disraeli belongs people, despite baptismal certificate" (qtd. 88). This view held detractors well, made easier constant harping racial superiority Semitic race, Arabs—"Jews horseback"—included (The Works Disraeli: Tancred, Volume II [M. Walter Dunne, 1904], 110). play card here, emphasizing both parliamentary speeches novels ashamed birth, fact kind Sephardi aristocrat lineage superior bog-dwelling medieval English nobleman. At end Crisis, secured equal rights clause 1878 Treaty Berlin, spurred request Rothschild. "Bulgarian Horrors" politics. There eighteen who sat Parliament 1887, 1870s 1880s usually... | review | en | Emancipation|Judaism|Immigration|History|Period (music)|Ancient history|Classics|Religious studies|Sociology|Politics|Law|Art|Political science|Archaeology|Philosophy|Aesthetics | https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.53.2.355 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1597845934', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.53.2.355', 'mag': '1597845934'} | Turkey | C144024400|C2781153986 | Emancipation|Sociology | Victorian Studies |
<em>Danny Hoffman. The War Machines: Young Men and Violence in Sierra Leone and Liberia</em>. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011. | Mary H. Moran (https://openalex.org/A5080467625) | 2,013 | Reviewed by: The War Machines: Young Men and Violence in Sierra Leone Liberia by Danny Hoffman Mary H. Moran Hoffman. Liberia. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011. 320 pp. Photographs. $24.95 (paperback), $89.95 (library cloth). Events of the last two decades have done little to disrupt colonial-era images Africa as a site disorder violent excess. Western imaginaries shaped reports from Somalia, Rwanda, Darfur, collapsing states West Central leave analysts space, notes, which construct more nuanced, complex, sympathetic portraits young men at war: “Whatever one might say or write an effort humanize male militia fighters Africa, visual image black bodies with weapons carries demonizing baggage that for many viewers may be inescapable” (p. xx). Bringing this project his background photojournalist, sets out argue rather than isolated pockets primitivism, these conflicts are inextricably connected global processes labor recruitment deployment. Situating work within theoretical framework French philosophers Deleuze Guattari (1983, 1987), uses idea “war machine” set relations, practices, modes operating emerges contest “interiorizing” practices modern state. Not always its initial forms, war machine consists efforts community self-defense, local resistance, refusal submit state-sponsored [End Page 182] extraction alienation. Sadly, too often “captured reterritorialized” 16) it is process, he observed closely travels kamajors (quasi-traditional hunters defenders) Liberians United Reconciliation Democracy (LURD) Liberia, finds most compelling. Also inspired Achille Mbembe’s hyperproductivity African urban spaces, avoids reducing wars either primordial patrimonial outbursts unchanging “tradition” purely economic “resource curse” struggles—perspectives defined literature some time now. Rather, globalizes events taking place remote military outposts squatter communities, linking them neoliberal rationalities economies scale also drive “outsourcing” security services places like Iraq Afghanistan. result understanding violence itself product human labor, symptom other condition. He manages make argument without losing sight humanity pathos caught up productive logic, whose futures consumed documents. Using connections forged during days journalist, was able carry long-term ethnographic fieldwork several different armed groups Mano River region and, important, follow through UN-led Disarmament, Demobilization, Reintegration (DDR) supposedly “ended” wars. Even informants were “demobilized” (some significant package cash payments vouchers educational vocational training) place, shifting their attention countries, looking new employers need skills. entrepreneurial training slip porous international borders, veterans specialized “packaging” “rebel groups” hire. Others, not so fortunate, found themselves adrift aftermath devastated postwar societies financial rewards they had expected. Hoffman’s detailed observations women trying build adult lives abandoned hotel Freetown on streets Monrovia beautifully illustrate arguments, following Marx, late capitalism has reached point “real subsumption,” “there seem no relations organized according exchange-value-producing regimen, when there outside capital” 107). become commodity circulates common diamonds, guns, cash, “its value . translated into political subjectivity masculine identity... | review | en | Sierra leone|CONTEST|Sociology|Spanish Civil War|Resistance (ecology)|Portrait|Colonialism|Gender studies|Deleuze and Guattari|Law|History|Art history|Political science|Ethnology|Art|Aesthetics|Ecology|Biology | https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.3.1.182 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W204006863', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.3.1.182', 'mag': '204006863'} | Iraq|Somalia | C144024400 | Sociology | African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review |
<em>Drinking the Bitter Roots:</em> Gendered Youth, Transitional Justice, and Reconciliation across the South Sudan-Uganda Border | Marisa O. Ensor (https://openalex.org/A5026664311) | 2,013 | This paper discusses some of the challenges and opportunities faced by youth as active participants in processes postconflict justice reconciliation Africa. I draw on field data from South Sudan Uganda, two countries emerging decades brutal interrelated civil war where youngsters often bore brunt violence. Qualifying uncritically assumed association between transitional justice, customary law, reconciliation, research among both suggests that these are potentially, but not necessarily, linked processes. argue for a more nuanced approach to based close examination differing ways which efforts make an impact upon female male societies. | article | en | Economic Justice|Transitional justice|Political science|Gender studies|Sociology|Law | https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.3.2.171 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2013104588', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.3.2.171', 'mag': '2013104588'} | Sudan | C139621336|C144024400|C2779621654 | Economic Justice|Sociology|Transitional justice | African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review |
<em>Embodied: Victorian Literature and the Senses</em>, by William A. Cohen | Rachel Ablow (https://openalex.org/A5001678563) | 2,009 | Reviewed by: Embodied: Victorian Literature and the Senses Rachel Ablow (bio) Senses, by William A. Cohen; pp. xvi + 182. Minneapolis London: University of Minnesota Press, 2009, $67.50, $22.50 paper, £42.00, £14.00 paper. What does subjecthood feel like? According to Cohen, over course nineteenth century, writers increasingly recognized impossibility answering this question. To have a body, Cohen argues, involves an openness world that necessarily puts pressure on idea subject. Thus, throughout how “the non-alignment body subject suggests has capacity unmake human” (xvi). But at same time, they understood consequences recognition in more radical ways: while Charles Dickens Charlotte Brontë use sensory experience primarily as way describe intersubjectivity, time we get Thomas Hardy Gerard Manley Hopkins, is being imagined importantly contiguous with even indistinguishable from world. Embodied opens introduction first chapter make historical theoretical argument for thinking about senses model touch rather than common vision. While sight been used critics underscore operations disciplinary power, claims, he examines transform seeing eye into “both orifice—an opening body—and tactile surface drawing together object sight” (25). Each chapters follows explores shift perspective. In his Brontë, these writers’ fantasies intersubjectivity form bodily penetration. next chapter, argues Anthony Trollope conceives racially coded skin short story “The Banks Jordan” (1861) both barrier between self potential site contamination. The Return Native (1878), shows uses perception undermine distinctions human nonhuman. And discusses poet’s understanding registering natural linked divine debased matter. Within studies, Cohen’s project contributes recent explosion interest sensation exemplified such works Janice Carlisle’s Common Scents (2004), John Picker’s Soundscapes (2003), Nancy Armstrong’s Fiction Age Photography (2002), Jonathan Crary’s Suspensions Perception (2000). It also engages work interested meaning embodiment materiality: Catherine Gallagher’s Body Economic (2006), Daniel Hack’s Material Interests Novel (2005), Mary Poovey’s Making Social [End Page 155] (1995), example. Despite their divergent methodologies objects study, all share commitment intellectual history. contrast, attempts recapture specificity feeling itself through “cultural phenomenology,” which defines attention “embodied experience, affects, emotions, senses, transformations” “understands be socially, culturally, historically situated” (24). For phenomenology largely takes innovative close readings descriptions embodied experience—readings reveal consistency characterizes terms ingestion, example, or repeatedly describes kind casing threatened violation without explosions within. comes fore especially strikingly Trollope’s where archival materials link anxieties regarding Sepoy Rebellion 1857 “Great Stink” 1858 protagonist’s bizarre horror sullied bathing. historicizing coexists engaging twentieth- twenty-first-century theories embodiment. might seem risky rely theorists rarely invoked Victorianists: Didier Anzieu Frantz Fanon, Gilles Deleuze Félix Guattari, Georges Bataille, Maurice... | review | en | Subject (documents)|Embodied cognition|Object (grammar)|Argument (complex analysis)|Power (physics)|Poetics|Impossibility|Aesthetics|Philosophy|Art|Sociology|Art history|Epistemology|Literature|Poetry|Law|Computer science|Linguistics|Biochemistry|Chemistry|Physics|Quantum mechanics|Library science|Political science | https://doi.org/10.2979/vic.2009.52.1.155 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1511636405', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/vic.2009.52.1.155', 'mag': '1511636405'} | Jordan | C144024400 | Sociology | Victorian Studies |
<em>Emmanuel Jal:</em> A Modern-Day Nomad's Approach to Peacebuilding through Music | Ragan (https://openalex.org/A5056708227)|Jal (https://openalex.org/A5028872184) | 2,015 | Emmanuel Jal:A Modern-Day Nomad’s Approach to Peacebuilding Through Music Lee-Anne Ragan (bio) and Jal I. INTRODUCTION Jal, a self-described modern-day nomad, was born circa 1980 in war-torn Sudan. After witnessing horrific violence being forced serve as child soldier for approximately five years, he rescued by an aid worker smuggled into Kenya, after which enrolled school, discovered hip hop music, later became Canadian resident. Today, is internationally renowned peace activist, singer, actor. In this essay, we explore Jal’s songs the ways they promote peacebuilding through music. interviews conducted Vancouver on July 15, 2012, Nairobi April 14, 2014, unpack stories meaning behind three of his favorite songs: “Forced Sin,” “Emma,” “We Want Peace.”1 They reveal redeeming power music heal man who underwent child, advocate forgiveness South Sudan world. II. “FORCED TO SIN”: FORGIVENESS, EMPATHY, AND HEALING 1980s 1990s, four hundred “orphaned Sudanese children (the so-called lost boys)” tried flee war Sudan, trekking hundreds [End Page 162] miles foot towards perceived safety Ethiopia (Hermes 2005). The majority died along way from fighting, exhaustion, animals, sickness, hunger; one only 16 survive. 2008 song Sin” recounts experience struggle survive brings out best worst him others. Recalling how considered cannibalism journey, sings: SometimesWe find ourselves pushed toExtremities circumstancesWhere our natural survival instinctsGovern actionsWhich forces us do things that weUnder normal circumstancesWould consider beInhuman barbaric2 With song, intended bring about empathy awareness ordeal soldiers. To him, poetry have reach mind, heart, soul, shares difficulties others went war. According also self-forgiveness. He considers self comes with understanding, saying, “Forgiveness will elevate you form don’t actually know person until it because become free.”3 views path back himself healing. When many young people would dulled their memories conflict drugs or alcohol or, perhaps worse, continued cycle violence, turned outlet healing transformation. says: “I just say me communicate wider audience, where I again. This go see heaven any human doesn’t listen mad. It’s therapy; it’s pain killer me.”4 Following message own rhymes, created Lose Win motivate individuals lose something order win greater good make positive change world at large. campaign, ended December 2013, participants gave up choice donated money build schools It originated when decided eat meal day raise 163] thought take month enough funds school. Instead, took 662 days, but “we put kids were learning under trees classes.”5 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qR-WesCJa4 III. “EMMA”: CHANGE, PEACE, CULTURE Some are addressed leaders (e.g., “Vagina”), everyday (“We Peace”). “Emma” written women, dedicated Emma McCune, 1991 (Rock.Paper.Scissors Inc. 2012). Jal... | article | en | Peacebuilding|Forgiveness|Power (physics)|Law|Sociology|Gender studies|History|Political science|Physics|Quantum mechanics | https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.5.1.162 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3142658357', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.5.1.162', 'mag': '3142658357'} | Sudan | C144024400|C2781395907 | Peacebuilding|Sociology | African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review |
<em>Francophone Voices of the ““New”” Morocco in Film and Print: (Re)presenting a Society in Transition</em>, by Valéérie K. Orlando | Pieprzak (https://openalex.org/A5017423951) | 2,011 | Reviewed by: Francophone Voices of the “New” Morocco in Film and Print: (Re)presenting a Society Transition Katarzyna Pieprzak Valérie K. Orlando New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009. Orlando’s book presents voices from contemporary literature film that are rarely engaged outside Morocco. In introducing, summarizing, analyzing these often fascinating texts, also vivid visions post-Hassan II Moroccan society challenges it faces. Perhaps most important part this is its very idea—that works fiction written published by small local publishing houses deserve require critical attention. Firstly, welcome departure focus on canonic North African francophone writers still exists American French universities. treatment authors such as Rida Lamrini, Touria Oulehri, Fatna El Bouih, Abdellah Taïa, Fouad Laroui, Youssef Elalamy, joins corpus work interested beyond Tahar Ben Jelloun. Secondly, counters discourse prestige politics reproduced claims vanity presses, Parisian publishers set mark quality taste. demonstrates how produce timely sometimes exquisite that, free encouraged exoticism world, can serve “an imperative link to future debates reform, modernity, cultural transitions” (xvi). introduction, useful history three generations writing order contextualize third recent generation primarily addresses. This generation, she argues, has broken with nationalist articulate relationships between marginalized individual on-going transformations (14). approach throughout show third-generation function activists, producing literary filmic texts engage societal about gender, political human rights abuse, and, more generally, role country: “The author and/or journalist (some both) writes without some connection sociocultural project s/he hopes will alter way citizens think ongoing sociopolitical developments taking place country” (130–31). light, devotes significant attention invested giving voice [End Page 197] remembering abuses Lead Years Morocco, map gender sexuality country. She chapter who new humanism surpasses nation’s borders. While draws criticism her presentation works, surprisingly main theoretical reference point discussion activism Jean-Paul Sartre. Sartre’s “engaged public intellectual” may for book, choice requires justification, considering numerous models intellectuals exist an context. regard symptomatic studies general where apparatus too routed through theory literature, sustained engagement interdisciplinary or emerging anthropology regrettably absent. wide scope doesn not allow extensive each aesthetic choices, succeeds documenting represent issues society, regard, provides valuable roadmap post-1999 production. Williams College [email protected] Copyright © 2011 Indiana University Press | review | en | French|Publishing|Vision|Modernity|Politics|Media studies|Prestige|Art history|History|Exoticism|Humanities|Political science|Art|Sociology|Literature|Law|Anthropology|Philosophy|Linguistics | https://doi.org/10.2979/reseafrilite.42.2.197 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2312541120', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/reseafrilite.42.2.197', 'mag': '2312541120'} | Morocco | C144024400 | Sociology | Research in African Literatures |
<em>Frum</em> with Benefits: Israeli Television, Globalization, and <em>Srugim</em>’s American Appeal | Shayna Weiss (https://openalex.org/A5038493390) | 2,016 | Srugim (Yes, Channel 2) is a popular Israeli television series that ran for three seasons, from 2008 to 2012. The show focuses on group of single Religious Zionists in their late twenties and early thirties who live the Katamon neighborhood Jerusalem, nicknamed “the Swamp” its dense population religious Jews hoping find spouses. examines characters’ search love meaning amid conflicting tensions observance secular mores. In addition domestic success, has attracted small but significant American following, which I argue due reasons content distribution. First among these show’s focus with religiously celibate characters. With dating “big city” normalizes Zionist by showing how delayed marriage affects Orthodox Jews. Second, rise digital viewing enabled Srugim’s exposure wide audience United States way availability Hulu Amazon Prime. Its cult success speaks possibilities niche using familiar genres appeal international audiences globalized market. | article | en | Mores|Appeal|Population|Meaning (existential)|Globalization|Cult|Religious studies|Sociology|Entertainment|Media studies|Political science|Gender studies|Law|Politics|Demography|Philosophy|Epistemology | https://doi.org/10.13110/jewifilmnewmedi.4.1.0068 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2338044970', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.13110/jewifilmnewmedi.4.1.0068', 'mag': '2338044970'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Jewish film & new media |
<em>Gender and the Making of Modern Medicine in Colonial Egypt</em>, by Hibba Abugideiri | Douglas M. Haynes (https://openalex.org/A5046989721) | 2,012 | Reviewed by: Gender and the Making of Modern Medicine in Colonial Egypt Douglas M. Haynes (bio) Egypt, by Hibba Abugideiri; pp. xii + 268. Aldershot Burlington: Ashgate, 2010, £65.00, $119.95. Western medicine was long associated with state building Egypt. As Abugideiri persuasively shows, this linkage shaped not only social production medical [End Page 736] professionals but also their authority society. The relationship symbiotic pragmatic, no means unchanging. Seeking to integrate into wider circuits world trade enhance its autonomy within Ottoman Empire, Muhammad Ali 1825 invited French officer Antoine Bartelemy Clot organize Egyptian system. military prioritized, Ali’s mercantilist vision soon embraced aspiration a healthy population. A growing number urban hospitals rural clinics served vision. school—initially at Abu Zabal later Qasr al-Aini—would play major role indigenous Western-trained practitioners. lucidly shows that modern coexisted traditional al-Aini achieve pragmatic purpose: recruitment training doctors for state. Until establishment secular primary secondary educational system, students came from institutions, such as kittab madrasa. Even became compulsory, Arabic remained important lectures clinical settings, mention translated texts. Students were drawn non-elite origins, which accounts an array subsidies incentives retention. There is perhaps better illustration state’s approach mass than complementary hakimas, or midwives, doctors. Due reach community limited impact society, hakimas functioned “mediating agents” (130). Trained separate school founded Clot, they licensed give vaccinations, perform deliveries, treat women children cost. By 1848, however, male enjoyed outside shift continued fitfully under successors. With coming British rule 1884, position changed. demonstrates rise profession structures colonial over four-decade period. process anglicization restructured ways would profoundly shape self-image place Henry Keatinge, who appointed director 1893, implemented far-reaching reforms articulated 1898 report Guy’s Hospital superintendent E. Cooper Perry. Keatinge consolidated power affiliated hospital both administratively structurally. strictly regulated access knowledge. them key professorial positions staff, while faculty members lower status pay. English replaced French, curriculum shifted focus. Increasingly specialized knowledge, exemplified gynaecology, rendered knowledge far less accessible privileging intervention preferred solution managing difficult births gynaecological disease. turn century, had become more exclusive male-dominated. Entry criteria steeper, limiting privileged few. An explicit gender hierarchy defined between trained nurses, expected serve direction doctors, sharply circumscribed female body. regulation facilitated formal masculinization skill endowing rights high-risk procedures use instruments forceps. 737] disadvantaged anglicization, active agents harnessed tool self-interested ways. practitioners, enforced mandate define illness They benefited state-sponsored immunization campaigns, exhibited curative medicine. division labor the... | review | en | Colonialism|Indigenous|State (computer science)|Elite|Islam|Officer|Population|Empire|Ancient history|Modern medicine|Medicine|Sociology|History|Political science|Law|Traditional medicine|Demography|Archaeology|Ecology|Algorithm|Politics|Computer science|Biology | https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.54.4.736 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W264333946', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.54.4.736', 'mag': '264333946'} | Egypt | C144024400 | Sociology | Victorian Studies |
<em>Germinating Seeds of Future Conflicts in South Sudan</em> | Lere Amusan (https://openalex.org/A5004432337) | 2,014 | The birth of the new state Republic South Sudan (RSS) continues to generate debate among students African politics. core question that must be addressed is how State will survive in highly competitive and complex international system. This paper examines major challenges, including boundary problems, oil wealth, national integration, system government citizenship, may affect stability state. | article | en | Citizenship|State (computer science)|Government (linguistics)|Politics|Political science|Political stability|Political economy|Sociology|Law|Computer science|Linguistics|Philosophy|Algorithm | https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.4.1.120 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2139030577', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.4.1.120', 'mag': '2139030577'} | Sudan | C144024400 | Sociology | African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review |
<em>Insurgent Sepoys: Europe Views the Revolt of 1857</em>, by Shaswati Mazumdar | Antoinette Burton (https://openalex.org/A5052384298) | 2,012 | Reviewed by: Insurgent Sepoys: Europe Views the Revolt of 1857 Antoinette Burton (bio) 1857, edited by Shaswati Mazumdar; pp. xi + 305. London and New York: Routledge, 2011, £65.00, $130.00. Given imprint that events 1858 left on Victorian imagination, it’s not entirely surprising studies period have focused almost exclusively English reactions to Indian Mutiny. And while scholars may be aware ripple effect news, say, siege at Cawnpore had far-flung observers Raj, even students uprising itself astonished learn breadth depth response it in non-English-speaking Europe. This collection features eighteen essays canvass responses from France Italy Bulgaria, Hungary Spain Czechoslovakia. Taken together, they offer an encyclopedia views reminding us what a lightning rod Mutiny was for contemporaries all political stripes. Mazumdar her collaborators—most whom work European universities or departments literature—make case narratives about sepoys’ insurgency been self-referential but were hardly self-contained. Thanks tentacled apparatus precocious Anglo-global media, these circulated widely, sponsoring counter-narratives discursive challenges both accounts British colonial power. As Hungarian newspaper Pesti Napló observed just short decade after tumult 1848, “a suppressed nation never kisses hand alien who annihilates his freedom . whoever is” (qtd. 94). The vehemence this sentiment suggests palimpsest revolutionaries their critics mid- late-nineteenth century. book is divided two parts, with first, “News Views,” ways which newspapers covered Hardly any papers foreign correspondents; most articles editorials relied press details as unfolded. did prevent German, Italian, French writers lambasting rule and, some cases, rejoicing setbacks. Some attacked East India Company rule; others prophesied downfall whole Empire; still blamed Britons’ inability inculcate natives Christian values. While contributors Mazumdar’s volume are eager catalogue reactions, also aim track Nicola Firth, essay counter-narratives, calls “the semantic metamorphosis” terms such mutiny revolution underwent course [End Page 729] coverage (53). latter term carried considerable cultural baggage, often absorbed into understandings insurrection its cognates. usages routed through nostalgia own Empire, though Firth does speculate relationship discourses, if any, Algerian project (which began 1830). In pre-unification Italy, democrats saw hope promise Mutiny, conservative revolt opportunity denounce delegitimize expansionism moral guidance those patriots trying subvert overthrow old monarchic regimes” (64). Spain, journalist Luis Estrada—who very little actual news draw—routed commentaries knowledge Spanish America, drawing attention Spain’s declining role imperial power process. Czech representations meanwhile, homologies worked differently. Coming wake failed uprisings against Hapsburgs sepoy rebellion enhanced notion Czechs Indians Austro-Hungarian Empire. Part two, “Fact Fiction,” explores plenitude novels Europeans sought capture various battle scenes characters. Nana Sahib recurrent figure. Not one argue Jules Verne’s Captain Nemo origins “Prince Dakkar,” avatar himself. Herrmann Ottomar Friedrich Goedesche—writing under pseudonym... | review | en | Mutiny|Narrative|Siege|Newspaper|History|Power (physics)|Politics|Media studies|Political science|Economic history|Sociology|Literature|Ancient history|Art|Law|Physics|Quantum mechanics | https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.54.4.729 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W36284190', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.54.4.729', 'mag': '36284190'} | Algeria | C144024400 | Sociology | Victorian Studies |
<em>Lixus algirus</em> L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): biology, population fluctuation, infestation as affected by varieties, location, and planting dates in Morocco | N. Ait Taadaouit (https://openalex.org/A5049613069)|Karim El Fakhouri (https://openalex.org/A5019690546)|Abdelhadi Sabraoui (https://openalex.org/A5015096491)|Latifa Rohi (https://openalex.org/A5064676017)|Mustapha El Bouhssini (https://openalex.org/A5027390100) | 2,021 | The stem borer, Lixus algirus L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is the major insect pest of faba bean in Mediterranean region. This study investigates field biology and fluctuation at Douyet research Station Morocco during two cropping seasons 2014-2015 2015-2016 using local varieties. influence sowing dates varieties on damage caused by was investigated over different locations a split-plot design. overwintering adults appear from February feeding leaves plants. Eggs are laid Mid-February through late April mostly March. egg peak ranged 0.75 to 1.1 eggs per plant. number larvae increases March peaked April. larval peaks between 0.45 1.5 development takes an average 42 days. Pupation lasts about 21 days within stems. Adults emerged early June. Life cycle duration 80 One generation recorded Morocco. mean showed positive correlation with total rainfall. pupae relative humidity negatively correlated. Peach almond were most preferred newely adult summer autumn period. Planting did not affect infestation levels all tested locations. | article | en | Biology|Infestation|Curculionidae|Sowing|Larva|Population density|Overwintering|PEST analysis|Population|Pupa|Agronomy|Horticulture|Ecology|Demography|Sociology | https://doi.org/10.4081/jear.2021.9324 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3198535547', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.4081/jear.2021.9324', 'mag': '3198535547'} | Morocco | C144024400 | Sociology | Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research|DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
<em>Mehubarot</em>: A Peep without a Show | Ayelet Kohn (https://openalex.org/A5006772669) | 2,015 | The Israeli television series Mehubarot (Connected, 2009) follows five women who use their performance before the camera—through both visual and spoken texts—as a means of biographical representation which blends public private aspects daily lives. This article examines language as central tool for signaling sincerity closeness on series’ stage, focusing unique setting society exclusive genre televised diary in its written modes. | article | en | Closeness|Sincerity|Representation (politics)|Spoken language|Linguistics|Psychology|Sociology|Social psychology|Political science|Law|Philosophy|Mathematics|Mathematical analysis|Politics | https://doi.org/10.13110/jewifilmnewmedi.3.2.0170 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1773635200', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.13110/jewifilmnewmedi.3.2.0170', 'mag': '1773635200'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Jewish film & new media |
<em>Metamorphoses of the Vampire in Literature and Film: Cultural Transformations in Europe, 1732––1933</em>, by Erik Butler | David Punter (https://openalex.org/A5076441006) | 2,011 | Reviewed by: Metamorphoses of the Vampire in Literature and Film: Cultural Transformations Europe, 1732-1933 David Punter (bio) 1732-1933, by Erik Butler; pp. ix + 225. Rochester Suffolk: Camden House, 2010, $75.00, £40.00. The last thirty years have seen a colossal amount academic work on vampire, ranging from revisionary writings about classic vampire texts, including nineteenth-century ones, to book after seeking demonstrate vampire's ongoing cultural force. Vampires, we are told, all around us. This is evidenced plethora new [End Page 756] fiction, film, television centered Anne Rice onward. reasons advanced for this many. Some say that an increase visibility predatory eventually terminal processes capitalism has given motif lease life. Others argue fuller set identifications with life fate outlaw provided us perspectives figure that, definition, operates outside conventional assumptions otherwise based primacy social familial norms. side William Wordsworth his castigation taste sensational thrills evidenced, him, early gothic novel. Still others vampirism nothing more than real, if caricatured, version prevailing relations between genders—and case argument, fiction provides genders usual two. One crucial matters here concerns relationship vampires history. long-contested issue. In anthropological terms (and what science could be vampiric anthropology?), it said underlying issue rejuvenation through blood can traced back number ancient civilisations. indeed life; Egyptians had imperfect understanding importance brain (a messy largely indescribable piece matter extracted death nose), they certainly understood blood, albeit as hindrance mummification; practices halal kosher butchery reflect late adaptations anxiety contamination which always accompanies now come call products. Has do haemophilia historically attended need conserve purity so-called bloodline? A rather primitive medical approach would prevent clotting; sophisticated ones dealt question menstruation, disease, timing cessation bodily at point death. And yet concept aristocracy, perception incest allowable permits purer blood. Think notion royal one might fairly suspect anaemic substance ever discovered. so book, questions answered: first, (bodily) does add our repertoire explanations; second, how or improve sense development representations ages, specifically period quaintly known Victorian but perhaps better thought long nineteenth century? What Butler brings feast rare cross-cultural perspective. Beginning interestingly contentious search origins eighteenth-century Serbia, he moves ease among range European sources, principally British, French, German. He also, very convincingly, calls attention instability genre haunts narratives: some them, course, fall less neatly within rubric tale terror, also been used variety specific chiefly satirical ends. All these connect—or coagulate—in relation representation state condition corruption: most compelling example... | review | en | Vampire|Dracula|History|Literature|Legend|Art|Sociology|Art history | https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.53.4.756 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2079582333', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.53.4.756', 'mag': '2079582333'} | Egypt | C144024400 | Sociology | Victorian Studies |
<em>Modernity</em>, <em>Ḥadāthā</em>, and <em>Modernité</em> in the Works of Abdallah Laroui | Nils Riecken (https://openalex.org/A5023575201) | 2,019 | The puzzle this article examines is how one can study the concept of modernity within history its universalization as a process translation. For purpose, I look at contemporary Moroccan historian and intellectual Abdallah Laroui has critically engaged with history, politics, epistemology translating (Arabic ḥadāthā, French modernité) into his political setting Morocco, North Africa, Middle East during after colonial period. read him making critical intervention existing modes timing spacing and, thus, what describe politics historicity. In conclusion, make methodological plea for framing concepts across borders in terms translational practices. | article | en | Modernity|Historicity (philosophy)|Universalization|Politics|Conceptual history|Sociology|Philosophy|Literature|History|Epistemology|Art|Political science|Law|Psychology|Social psychology | https://doi.org/10.3167/choc.2019.140204 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2977523345', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3167/choc.2019.140204', 'mag': '2977523345'} | Morocco | C144024400 | Sociology | Contributions to the History of Concepts |
<em>Moses Montefiore: Jewish Liberator, Imperial Hero</em>, by Abigail Green | David C. Itzkowitz (https://openalex.org/A5026578151) | 2,011 | Reviewed by: Moses Montefiore: Jewish Liberator, Imperial Hero David C. Itzkowitz (bio) Hero, by Abigail Green; pp. xv + 540. Cambridge, MA, and London: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2010, $35.00, £24.95. Sir Montefiore was, during his lifetime, probably the most famous English Jew nineteenth century. He was also, as Green reminds us in her new biography, an international celebrity whose humanitarian missions on behalf persecuted Jews Europe Middle East were closely followed around world. Given Montefiore’s it is striking that he has been without a scholarly biography until now. Most personal papers burned shortly after death, many those survived found their way into private collections not open to scholars. Green, Oxford historian previous work focused German history, member family had access these previously unavailable well reminiscences members. But despite connections, written hagiography. Her book attempt make sense only life but also illuminates changing times which lived. His weaknesses, including occasional arrogance inflexibility possible infidelities, are all view account, she aware failures successes. ways, both liminal transitional figure. Though public persona for life, gentleman, grandson Italian Sephardi merchant who immigrated London mid-eighteenth century himself born Livorno, Italy, parents’ visit city. As such, cosmopolitan privileged milieu London’s wealthy community at time when its wealth success, cultural religious outsiders. By 1820s, business interests made him very man helped become part extensive network non-Jewish businessmen, them Protestant dissenters Catholics hence outsiders themselves. This provide with important allies future philanthropic ventures bring closer together institutional forms. In 1831, largely retired from active involvement day-to-day business, Montefiores purchased Cliff Lodge seaside town Ramsgate, where they live deaths Montefiore, prominent landowner, became local affairs support Christian charities. real fame, however, resulted activities second half long life. 1840, so-called Damascus Affair, he, along [End Page 119] French leader Adolphe Crémieux, traveled Alexandria obtain release accused ritual murder Catholic priest. More notably, then went Constantinople, sultan issued decree declaring blood libel be false promising Ottoman Empire same rights privileges other subjects. first number undertook over next thirty years intercede communities. These took Russia, meeting Tsar Nicholas I, Rome, Morocco, Romania, Palestine. Even unsuccessful, create celebrity. At hundredth birthday, less than year before tributes poured used eventful springboard examine themes history. perceptively notes, “Montefiore’s life... | review | en | HERO|Judaism|Biography|Classics|Theology|History|Religious studies|Sociology|Literature|Art history|Art|Philosophy | https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.54.1.119 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1497935058', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.54.1.119', 'mag': '1497935058'} | Morocco|Palestine | C144024400 | Sociology | Victorian Studies |
<em>Même pas peur!</em> Ethnographies of Security in the Sahel | Rosa De Jorio (https://openalex.org/A5061948348)|Sten Hagberg (https://openalex.org/A5017509021) | 2,019 | Même pas peur! Ethnographies of Security in the Sahel Rosa de Jorio and Sten Hagberg This issue Mande Studies focuses on political crises growing insecurity Sahel.1 All articles are grounded long-term engagement with region, whether they based recent fieldwork to document state civil society responses or use past critically examine narratives by security experts. The contributions offer nuanced understandings regional impact national international peacekeeping operations as well how particular people experience mediate danger. We take societal transformations prevailing discourses about crisis a point departure for developing ethnographies security. In this manner, we interrogate images despair, pervasive violence, lawlessness that widely circulate across variety media including maps, newspaper articles, travel advisories, reports UN human rights organizations, social (de issue; issue). Such instill fear anxiety, which contribute estrangement community or, at most, predominance military solutions address crisis. Above all, lead further isolation regions communities spread terrorist operations, absence viable economic alternatives (Hagberg also construct mostly phenomenon, thus downplaying actors’ entities’ its ongoing development Merry 2009). is not simply national, but truly transnational, geopolitical, global. roots most wave go back realignment powers post-cold war era, often devastating effects neoliberal reforms, terror, Arab Spring, collapse Libya following European American intervention (Scott 2013). Qaddafi’s was an autocratic violent state, removal from power contributed instability beyond (Gberie 2018). led return their countries origin (Mali Niger) Tuareg mercenaries who had [End Page 7] served armed forces, increased availability sophisticated weapons reigniting Tuareg’s irredentist aspirations, intensification activities Salafi-Jihadi organizations (Lecocq et al. instrumental countering influence reform Islam Saudi Arabia supporting more moderate forms region (Ronen 2001, 2011; Holder 2014a, 2014b; 2016). Of course, troubles have local roots, bad governance, socioeconomic inequalities, poverty (Brunet-Jailly 2014; 2017; Konaté But exclusion global dynamics many analyses obscures rather than clarifies what contributes Western do perceive own. International continue significant escalation conflict. has proliferation actors entities tasked securitization such United Nations, African Union Union, Economic Community West States. Their interventions reinforce Sahelian countries’ dependency Global North complicate peace efforts, due lack coordination between these institutions’ initiatives (Wyss Tardy 2019:7). Furthermore, increase presence militarization interethnic conflicts seen, instance, Mali (Benjaminsen & Ba 2018; Studio Tamani 2019). movement troops contain relocation neighboring Burkina Faso 2018, 2019) groups reorganized staged attacks, widening areas involved here collected aim capture perspective some people... | article | en | Terrorism|Politics|Lawlessness|Narrative|Sociology|Ethnography|Political science|Human security|Social science|Law|Anthropology|Philosophy|Linguistics | https://doi.org/10.2979/mande.21.1.02 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3003313137', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/mande.21.1.02', 'mag': '3003313137'} | Libya|Saudi Arabia | C144024400|C203133693 | Sociology|Terrorism | Mande Studies |
<em>Odun: Discourses, Strategies, and Power in the Yoruba Play of Transformation</em>, by Cristina Boscolo | Nnodim (https://openalex.org/A5066189861) | 2,011 | Reviewed by: Odun: Discourses, Strategies, and Power in the Yoruba Play of Transformation Rita Nnodim By Cristina Boscolo Cross/Cultures 111. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2009. xxx + 337 pp. ISBN 978-90-420-2680-3 cloth. Boscolo’s work is an insightful contribution to interdisciplinary field performance studies. She situates her context in-depth discussion current state criticism, while breaking new interpretive grounds study odun (festivals). provides a context-sensitive understanding multiplicity meanings aesthetic dimensions that can be attached given as she focuses on Edi (Moremi’s festival) Ile-Ife egungun, festival honor ancestors. The begins with perceptive well-informed presentation different strands scholarly discourse traditions. From metacritical standpoint, author dissects power structures have shaped critical discourses performing arts. hegemony Western academic discourses, questions marginalization academia, issues such access non-access publication privileged some (i.e., English-language written discourses), marginalizing others (e.g., language). influence models evident conventional classifications Nigerian theatre (as Yemi Ogunbiyi’s Theatre Drama Nigeria, 1981), has long-standing debate whether classify specific genres ritual or (traditional/modern) theatre/drama. Literary language well oral in-performance criticism (see Opefeyitimi) been marginalized. suggests studying traditions within their eco-environment, which described terms history, society, politics, aesthetics xxv). Odun at once etutu (ritual), ere (play), iran (spectacle) 86). In terms, appeals concepts external internal beauty, hence relevance culturally salient notion iwalewa, i.e. “being beautiful, character beautiful” (136). path toward odun, argues, lies exploring complex links both festival, celebrated Ile-Ife) egungun set up underlying itan (histories, stories, myths). festivals convey aabo oro—half words—that allude thereby selectively activate memories images itan, also introducing departures (306). draws Margaret Thompson Drewal, who book Ritual: Performance, Play, Agency (1992) not only highlights each re-performance contains it change difference, but transformative capacity. It here important plays transformation comes into play. Edi, celebrates heroic contributions woman, Moremi, history survival people Ile-Ife, Moremi legend (itan) re-enacted selective fragmentary ways. creates, “images, remembrances, recollections” story behind (178), transforming manipulating [End Page 186] order comment transform contemporary socio-political landscape town, for example, by expressing loyalty town’s present rulers. continues equally thoughtful masquerade celebrate ancestors life living (191), alare, performances are rooted ancestors, focus entertainment. Through layers created interplay masques, changing attires, dance movements, musical styles, poetics texts, these simultaneously hide reveal, silence disclose meanings, engage past, effecting transformations. These range from transformations performer undergoes when he invested alare swiftly manipulates his clothes identities, actual... | review | en | Yoruba|Power (physics)|Hegemony|Sociology|Context (archaeology)|Aesthetics|Literature|Humanities|Gender studies|History|Art|Linguistics|Political science|Politics|Philosophy|Law|Physics|Quantum mechanics|Archaeology | https://doi.org/10.2979/reseafrilite.2011.42.1.186 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3150285678', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/reseafrilite.2011.42.1.186', 'mag': '3150285678'} | Iran | C144024400 | Sociology | Research in African Literatures |
<em>Other Mothers: Beyond the Maternal Ideal</em>, edited by Ellen Bayuk Rosenman and Claudia C. Klaver | Susan C. Greenfield (https://openalex.org/A5079458803) | 2,009 | Reviewed by: Other Mothers: Beyond the Maternal Ideal Susan C. Greenfield (bio) Ideal, edited by Ellen Bayuk Rosenman and Claudia Klaver; pp. vii + 348. Columbus: The Ohio State University Press, 2008, $55.95, $9.95 CD-ROM. This anthology opens with two related reminders about domestic history. first is that image of full-time, self-sacrificing, sexually compliant mother a modern invention “gained its full ideological force in nineteenth century”; second was illusory no then or now has met saintly standards. “In this sense,” Klaver write, “all mothers are other mothers” (1). volume’s fifteen essays address an array historical, social, geographical contexts, but each also takes idealization impossibility maternal norms as starting point from which to explore variety specific representations experiences. suggest despite general homage Victorian studies paid problematic ideals maternity, relatively few scholars treat motherhood itself central object inquiry. There “important exceptions” here (8), editors pay special tribute works Leonore Davidoff Catherine Hall, Carolyn Dever, Jill Matus, Mary Poovey, Ross, Sally Shuttleworth. But they stress most relevant scholarship tends place “at center [End Page 140] constructions femininity domesticity” (1)—to mention subsume it “into more analysis gender roles” (2). In redressing oversight dedicating direct discussions Mothers offers valuable addition studies. anthology’s theoretical agenda less ambitious. For their interest specifying maternity’s role studies, repeat one field’s well-rehearsed theories: idea gender, along race, class, nationality, mutually constitutive contextually determined positions. That identity neither stable nor singular likely be familiar conceit many readers, none authors much critical perspective on it. Instead, goal insert into paradigm chart variability. At best, charts very well. individual contributors trace categories contradictions underwriting particular representation experience, together document multiple possibilities—and impossibilities—of identity. Many different kinds start emerge. Some historical figures: prolific Margaret Oliphant who outlived all her children; Lady Duff Gordon, self-professed Egyptian servants slaves; Frances Knorr, executed Australia for allegedly murdering Jamaican born Seacole “mothered” British soldiers during Crimean War. vast majority “other appear nineteenth- early-twentieth-century fiction. fallen Felix Holt, Radical (1866); alcoholic Hesba Stretton’s temperance publications; pregnant stories indigenous Australian women; give birth texts instead children fin-de-siècle books. An essay Charlotte Yonge’s Daisy Chain (1856) analyzes middle-class mother’s reaction baby’s death opium (often used children’s medicine). And early essays, focuses selfish elderly Charles Dickens’s Dombey Son (1846–48), intriguingly off-set later fat nurturing surrogates Old Curiosity Shop (1840–41) David Copperfield (1849–50). divide collection four equal parts. first, “Beyond Ideal,” echoes book’s subtitle Deidre D’Albertis’s smart lively account commercialization standards times our own. were “producers” “curators” “an empire things” (29), today includes organic baby food, Baby Einstein DVDs, limousine strollers. both cases, D’Albertis argues, purchasing right accoutrements what most... | review | en | Ideal (ethics)|Tribute|Scholarship|Sociology|Ideology|Femininity|Gender studies|Wife|Art history|Politics|Psychoanalysis|Art|Psychology|Philosophy|Law|Theology|Political science | https://doi.org/10.2979/vic.2009.52.1.140 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1510966501', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/vic.2009.52.1.140', 'mag': '1510966501'} | Egypt | C144024400 | Sociology | Victorian Studies |
<em>Political Alienation in Libya: Assessing Citizens' Political Behavior</em>, Mabroka al-Werfalli | E. Ike Udogu (https://openalex.org/A5044123273) | 2,012 | Reviewed by: Political Alienation in Libya: Assessing Citizens' Behavior E. Ike Udogu al-Werfalli, Mabroka . 2011. Behavior. New York: Ithaca Press. 216 pp. $69.73 (cloth). Behavior, authored by is made up of lists tables and figures, a glossary, preface, acknowledgements, six chapters, conclusion, an afterword, bibliography, appendix, index. The book's thesis revolves around the issue political alienation North African nation Libya. book brings to fore two major concerns that have engaged philosophy scholarship some Africanists on matter legitimacy state postcolonial Africa. It is, indeed, case much contemporary politics it often difficult separate from leader. In this context, ensuing question this: what extent did character Colonel Qaddafi himself advance Libyan society? As many polities, assumption was Libya, Libya Qaddafi—just as Robert Mugabe Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe Mugabe; Paul Biya Cameroon, Cameroon Biya; so on. A second query emerges whether, further state's legitimacy, citizens should be politically devoted nation-state (as nationalism) or individual For instance, before his death during recent rebellion, claimed "my people love me"—not loved they would defend without him being power. foregoing queries discursive conjectures visualized. chapter one, "Surveying Opinion Suppressive Milieu," al-Werfalli provides empirical foundation which analyses conclusion text are made. They include survey citizens' attitudes toward conducted Al-Orouba, with population approximately 85,000, region Benghazi (found pages 3, 6-10; 195-205). author narrates herculean task conducting "meaningful" repressive society, researchers generally viewed suspicion. Chapter two, "The Quest for Legitimacy," used historicize analysis. lacked following "native" resistance occupation territory Ottoman Empire (p. 11). Readers learn reign monarchy not change matters either, while alludes tactics adopted military junta after 1969 coup d'état regime's support. points out stratagem applied administration revolutionary justified acts undertaken rationalize continuing power indefinitely. other mode socioeconomic performance (dubbed eudaemonic), seen legitimation ploy most authoritarian regimes relied, especially when resources considered plentiful. This [End Page 120] method operation based upon role government providing social economic benefits its (pp. 12, 19). Meanwhile, approaches necessarily itself, included charismatic foreign policy. He saw reincarnation, heir Arab world, President Gamal Abdel Nasser Egypt, he championed dogma nationalism 26). almost like enigmatic Russian Rasputin deluding one endowed supernatural, superhuman, exceptional powers 22-23). three, "Aspects Support," addresses measure support regime had survey's outcomes. particular, studies individuals attended meetings Basic Popular Congresses (BPCs), component regime. Whereas attendance high late 1970s (65%), dropped substantially early 1990s (to 27%), continued dwindle shown p. 53). development suggested deficiency enthusiasm system lack trust government... | review | en | Alienation|Politics|Legitimacy|State (computer science)|Political science|Scholarship|Context (archaeology)|Sociology|Political economy|Law|History|Archaeology|Algorithm|Computer science | https://doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.59.1.120 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W227889711', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.59.1.120', 'mag': '227889711'} | Egypt|Libya | C144024400 | Sociology | Africa Today |
<em>Promoting Peace and Conflict-Sensitive Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa</em> | Kenneth Omeje (https://openalex.org/A5079741039) | 2,015 | One of the most effective ways universities in war-affected countries can be functionally relevant to everyday needs and challenges their immediate environment is by promoting peacebuilding through peace education. This paper explores role fostering education diverse post-conflict conflict-prone sub-Saharan Africa further investigates contending models strategies (notably Bradford Model Centralized Unitary Model) conflict-sensitive concerned. It also analyzes problems associated with recommends policy-relevant measures designed strengthen process. The data was generated from secondary sources, as well a raft conflict intervention, regional security, projects which researcher took part such Sierra Leone, Liberia, Rwanda, Burundi, DRC, Kenya, Uganda, Nigeria, South Sudan. | article | en | Peacebuilding|Sierra leone|Peace education|Intervention (counseling)|Political science|Economic growth|Development economics|Armed conflict|Public administration|Economics|Law|Psychology|Psychiatry | https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.5.2.33 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2248759562', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.5.2.33', 'mag': '2248759562'} | Sudan | C2776429199|C2781395907|C3019338729|C47768531 | Armed conflict|Development economics|Peace education|Peacebuilding | African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review|Bradford Scholars (University of Bradford) |
<em>Ripe or Rotting:</em> Civil Society in the Casamance Conflict | Kim Mahling Clark (https://openalex.org/A5040723163) | 2,011 | The article explores the role of traditional and modern actors as well methods in finding a durable solution to separatist Casamance conflict, which has experienced an uptick hostilities since 2009. In 2007, government named group actors, Comité des Sages, its official interlocutor with Movement Democratic Forces (MFDC), was armed rebel movement against Senegal. However, approach did not advance peace process because their base too limited, practices buying access MFDC were sustainable, perception skimming undermined credibility. Traditional will have play, namely, reversing oaths taken by combatants when they joined MFDC, once large-scale demobilization forces is possible. Modern civil society played peacebuilding efforts Casamance. They include micro-level village associations localized nearby bases or from village, meso-level Senegalese NGOs that implement programs different parts region, macro-level national organizations individuals based Dakar high-level decision-makers. Collaboration among these balances strengths weaknesses, but interests must align for collaboration succeed. An call referendum on independence, akin one held Southern Sudan January 2011, firmly rejected, more interesting parallel lies popular consultation identified Sudan’s 2004 agreement Blue Nile South Kordofan states suggested December agreement. Popular consultations allow citizens indicate if been implemented satisfactorily should be definitive solution, while political conference discusses root causes conflict proposes solutions. | article | en | Peacebuilding|Civil society|Demobilization|Credibility|Government (linguistics)|Democracy|Political science|Democratization|Independence (probability theory)|Referendum|Political economy|Sociology|Public administration|Law|Politics|Linguistics|Philosophy|Statistics|Mathematics | https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.1.2.153 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2068009801', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.1.2.153', 'mag': '2068009801'} | Sudan | C144024400|C2781395907 | Peacebuilding|Sociology | African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review |
<em>Salam Neighbor</em>: Syrian Refugees Through the Camera Lens | Lava Asaad (https://openalex.org/A5065231769) | 2,019 | This paper examines the documentary Salam Neighbor (2015), which celebrates will of Syrian refugee women who are displaced in Jordan. The collective experience refugees portrayed solicits a reaction from Western viewer. To counteract images media, documentaries can be good alternative for mass has been perpetuating binary West and Rest. argument tackles issue this new representation within postcolonial paradigm how we represent or speak to/with Other our technological age, as well possibilities misrepresenting silencing through camera lens. | article | en | Refugee|Argument (complex analysis)|Representation (politics)|Syrian refugees|Political science|Mass media|Media studies|Sociology|Law|Medicine|Politics|Internal medicine | https://doi.org/10.7771/1481-4374.3263 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2972242106', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.7771/1481-4374.3263', 'mag': '2972242106'} | Jordan|Syria | C144024400|C3018716944 | Sociology|Syrian refugees | CLCWeb |
<em>Settlers and Expatriates: Britons Over the Seas</em>, edited by Robert Bickers | Kevin Grant (https://openalex.org/A5059612003) | 2,012 | Reviewed by: Settlers and Expatriates: Britons Over the Seas Kevin Grant (bio) Seas, edited by Robert Bickers; pp. vii + 357. Oxford New York: University Press, 2010, £37.00, $65.00. This fine addition to History of British Empire Companion Series examines communities who worked lived abroad, particularly those outside dominions apart from official colonial military services. The [End Page 576] chapters focus not only on countries in Empire, but also which Britain exerted informal influence. Bickers states his introduction that people at heart this volume generally defy fixed categorization as either “colonists” or “sojourners” (15, 16). They were dynamic adaptable. collection presents a menagerie imperial often bucked against policies London resented being penned, misunderstood, proverbially bored death itself. Yet first-time visitors repatriates, all these subjects described their journeys “coming home,” least until they found home be an unpleasantly foreign country (303). In regard, casts new light upon large body scholarship has chronicled Britain’s identity. According Elizabeth Buettner, overseas communities, especially commonly “resented what viewed contemptuous ignorant metropolitan responses world” (309). concluding, synoptic essay, John Darwin observes 1950s 1960s: “The values shared age between abroad disappeared altogether could no longer expressed, public” (344). retrospect, it appears children empire destined become orphans. One cannot offer comprehensive characterization examined collection, point other contributors rightly emphasize. Indeed, is difficult see common ground cosmopolitanism Egypt insularity China. James Whidden marriages Egyptian men women uncommon unheard of, whereas Shanghai had virtually social relations with Chinese detested culture. As title suggests, there are major differences settler Rhodesia, expatriate businessmen officials, Ceylon. Donal Lowry notes white population Rhodesia grew 1,500 1891 277,000 1977, seven years after independence. By contrast, Margaret Jones explains Ceylon never numbered more than about eight thousand began exodus soon independence 1948. some cases, problematic even refer single community country. David Washbrook essay India, “there was less India multiple arenas came (at point) Isles variously participated” (186). can speak few things shared, not. From Rock’s Argentina Tim Harper’s Malaya one finds references importance sport occupying defining communities. two world wars further enabled far-flung affirm identities loyalties cause. Turning activities composition finds, unsurprisingly, disproportionately women, conspicuous exception where numbers nearing equality early 1920s. Two commonalities hierarchical order aversion “poor whites” (87), presumably undermined prestige eyes indigenous societies. hierarchy extended clubby Kenya, settlers tried establish “an equatorial England deferential officer class” (85). 577] should commended for coherence uniformly high quality collection. essays provide... | review | en | Empire|Scholarship|Colonialism|History|Menagerie|Economic history|Sociology|Art history|Political science|Law|Ancient history|Archaeology | https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.54.3.576 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1571586101', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.54.3.576', 'mag': '1571586101'} | Egypt | C144024400 | Sociology | Victorian Studies |
<em>The African Peace and Security Architecture:</em> Introduction to the Special Issue | Tieku (https://openalex.org/A5053274181)|Obi (https://openalex.org/A5048102069)|Scorgie-Porter (https://openalex.org/A5046708903) | 2,014 | The African Peace and Security Architecture:Introduction to the Special Issue Thomas Kwasi Tieku (bio), Cyril Obi Lindsay Scorgie-Porter (bio) This special issue of Conflict Peacebuilding Review (ACPR) is devoted Architecture (APSA). It aims, among other things, at providing a criti cal analy sis nature impact APSA, contributing existing debates around APSA’s effectiveness, as well helping develop paradigms for studying continental peace security system. APSA broad framework norms, principles, processes, mechanisms that Union (AU) has adopted since May 2001 promote institutionalize peace, security, development on continent. collectivist arrangement, making every member AU own be responsible maintenance in Africa. partly response changes post-Cold War landscape, particularly relation need devise “African Solutions Afri can Problems.” also emerged part measures aimed preventing non- governments from interfering affairs states. AU’s strong support leaders indicted by International Criminal Court (ICC) its vociferous opposition 2011 North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) military intervention Libya are most recent examples values principles underpinning this perspective. based norms bring together shared standards [End Page 1] appropriate behavior which states collectively subscribe.1 prominent these shift adherence principle interference, indifference (Kioko 2003). Constitutive Act (CAAU) Protocol Relating Establishment Council (PSC protocol), created legal room intervene internal order keep compromised sacrosanct international norm territorial integrity. interventions take different forms, clud ing: mediation, case Kenya 2008; suspension participation activities, Mauritania rebuke membership, Côte d’Ivoire 2011; economic sanctions, Mali 2012; and, last resort, intervention, Comoros Islands 2007. causal ideas form policy blueprints give some semblance coherence activities Among key instruments 2002 “Conference Security, Stability, Development, Co- operation Africa” (CSSDCA), Post-Conflict Reconstruction Development Policy (PCRDP) 2007, 2005 Ezulwini Consensus. While CSSDCA committed promotion human PCRDP sought bind members postliberal conception peacebuilding. seeks enhance ownership peacebuilding Consensus articulates positions major issues, frames approach terms Responsibility Protect (R2P). guidelines rules provided CAAU outlined detail instruments, such PSC protocol Non- Aggression Common Defence Pact. rules, Article 4(h) stands out. gives right state “prevent war crimes, genocide crimes against humanity.” threshold condition lower than those codes (Weiss 2004). Knowledge reflections carefully selected policymakers, researchers, think tanks, donors, diplomats, regional communities, who all 2] promoting a... | review | en | Political science|Enterprise information security architecture|Peacebuilding|Responsibility to protect|Peacekeeping|Opposition (politics)|Human security|International security|Development economics|Political economy|Public administration|Law|Politics|Sociology|Human rights|Engineering|Economics|Systems engineering | https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.4.2.1 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3149883641', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.4.2.1', 'mag': '3149883641'} | Libya | C144024400|C169437150|C183761623|C2781395907|C47768531 | Development economics|Human rights|Peacebuilding|Peacekeeping|Sociology | African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review |
<em>The Complexities of Citizenship among Lebanese Immigrants in Sierra Leone</em> | Lina Beydoun (https://openalex.org/A5091346045) | 2,013 | This article examines exclusionary citizenship practices in Sierra Leone toward people who are not racially Black. As far back as the 1919 “anti-Lebanese riots,” Blacks associated their lack of opportunities with economic privileges that Lebanese enjoyed under British colonialism. favoritism contributed to denial full non-Blacks during construction a postcolonial state. Non-Blacks were citizens Empire became defined “noncitizens” 1962 (amended) Leonean constitution, which excluded persons “non-Negro African descent” from right by birth. residents had no option but naturalize. The laws naturalized political membership. Citizenship Act 1973, 1976, 1991 Constitution, and 2006 reinforced exclusion natural citizenship. Legal restrictions ensured could mount an independent challenge. continue occupy both economically privileged politically isolated position Leone. They have responded discrimination strengthening activities, taking advantage bureaucratic corruption obtain passports, and/or maintaining multiple citizenships. Their membership is based on “entrepreneurial citizenship.” | article | en | Citizenship|Sierra leone|Politics|Immigration|Bureaucracy|Constitution|Political science|Law|Colonialism|State (computer science)|Sociology|Ethnology|Algorithm|Computer science | https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.3.1.112 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2065903068', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.3.1.112', 'mag': '2065903068'} | Lebanon | C144024400 | Sociology | African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review |
<em>The Dark Sahara: America's War on Terror in Africa</em>, Jeremy Keenan | Guy Martin (https://openalex.org/A5091599846) | 2,013 | Reviewed by: The Dark Sahara: America's War on Terror in Africa by Jeremy Keenan Guy Martin Keenan, . 2009. Africa. London and New York: Pluto Press. 278 pp. $95.00 (cloth); $31.00 (paper). author of Africa, is a British anthropologist professorial research associate at the University London's School Oriental African Studies. He an expert consultant Sahel to United Nations European Union. His book revealing account US policy Sahara-Sahel region. Keenan's shows that, aftermath events September 11, 2001, top foreign policy, military, intelligence leaders described Sahara as "swamp terror," indeed "terrorist infestation," which "we need drain" or "magnet for terrorists" (p. 3). Consequently, was designated major strategic front "Global Terror" (GWOT). Furthermore, meticulous investigation reveals collusion between Algerian government—specifically, its security establishment (mukhabarat) military services (Direction des Renseignements et de la Sécurité/DRS)—and government, particularly generals services. thesis that "America's GWOT has involved fabrication fiction terrorism turn created ideological conditions US's militarization securing national resources—notably, but not exclusively, oil" 5; emphasis added). adds States "needed 'terror' Sahel. It needed validate 'banana theory' terrorism, provided justification rest resources—notably 8; Through his analysis, reminds readers political history Cold War, when stated goal American contain communism make continent "safe democracy." After under pretext promoting democracy, human rights, rule law, increasingly intervened militarily affairs. Following terrorist attacks York Washington, "War framed, following Samuel Huntington, "clash civilizations" Western civilization (and Christianity) Islamic culture religion became priority Horn, North West-Central viewed geostrategists policymakers ideal route terrain al-Qaeda terrorists moving their operations from Middle East deep into sub-Saharan This analysis put forward advocates "banana theory" so named because banana-shaped believed dislodged Afghanistan, Pakistan, were taking across countries Chad, Niger, Mali, Mauritania link up with Islamist [End Page 138] militants Maghreb. led launch, November 2002, Pan-Sahel Initiative (PSI), designed assist Mauritania, Chad detecting responding suspicious movement people goods within borders through training, equipment, cooperation. Building perceived "success" PSI, Trans-Sahara Counterterrorism Initiative, later renamed Partnership (TSCTP), officially launched June 2005. TSCTP—which now falls authority Command, set operationally independent unit October 2008—has been expanded include, addition four member-states Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Senegal, Ghana, Nigeria. In painstaking detail, documents February 21 April 2003, seven groups tourists numbering thirty-two persons "literally disappeared without trace Sahara" 14). News reports time suggested al-Qaeda-related organization, Groupe Salafiste pour Pr... | review | en | Terrorism|National security|Political science|Spanish Civil War|Human rights|Government (linguistics)|Foreign policy|Economic history|Law|History|Politics|Philosophy|Linguistics | https://doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.59.4.138 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2285582602', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.59.4.138', 'mag': '2285582602'} | Algeria|Morocco|Tunisia|Western Sahara | C169437150|C203133693 | Human rights|Terrorism | Africa Today |
<em>The Heavens on Earth: Observatories and Astronomy in Nineteenth-Century Science and Culture</em>, edited by David Aubin, Charlotte Bigg, and H. Otto Sibum | Pamela Gossin (https://openalex.org/A5073381580) | 2,011 | Reviewed by: The Heavens on Earth: Observatories and Astronomy in Nineteenth-Century Science Culture Pamela Gossin (bio) Culture, edited by David Aubin, Charlotte Bigg, H. Otto Sibum; pp. xii + 384. Durham London: Duke University Press, 2010, $94.95, $24.95 paper, 71.00, 16.99 paper. work of scholarly editing rarely receives adequate recognition for the fully creative intellectual contributions it makes. Too often is assumed that thankless tasks [End Page 770] critically annotating a key primary text or collecting thematically topically related essays are—or should be—their own reward. To make such an assumption case this volume, however, would do immense disservice to extraordinary skills insights these editors overall achievement their final product. In crafting collection, well-tuned team never hits sour note. apt title serves as recurrent aesthetic motif well guiding methodological principle deeply integrated conceptual framework throughout. diversity voices represented contributors harmoniously matches nineteenth-century subject matter—the people, places, things, ideas within surrounding observatory life—not just expected contexts Britain America, but Algeria, Australia, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, Sweden, Thailand. masterful introduction provides cogent mapping collection's contents relation its organizational framework. substantive history-of-science-style footnotes enrich professional utility pedagogical value each chapter, while bibliography index reflect greater interconnected sum parts. Over sixty illustrations photographs bring visual life full range principal players instruments, architectural spaces settings, observation graphical recording astronomical, meteorological, geodesic phenomena variety audiences. As makes clear, one central purpose volume dismantle our conventional image what observatories are; rebuilds conceptualization brick brick, emphasizing multiple roles played science, politics, economics, culture, not least which was constructing elements "modern western state society" (2). Our traditional sense observed expanded include only heavenly bodies (moon, stars, planets, sun) also more down-to-earth subjects weather, geography, geodesy, geomagnetism, navigational phenomena. We gain nuanced understanding nature observational science itself, problematic complexities developing employing precision techniques, gathering analysis sensory evidence, difficulties quantifying perception. several senses, functioned "representation factor[ies]" (20), imaging technologies, interpreting disseminating findings, contributing distributing powerful cosmological narratives. Across globe, were part lecture hall, theater, political stage, demonstrating many levels upon cosmos itself "contested territory" (24). first two offer intriguing complements relatively familiar story how imperial power astronomy out at Greenwich. Simon Werrett describes personal enthusiasms Emperor Nicholas I—"surveillance spectacle" (52)—shaped Pulkovo near St. Petersburg into apparent model European prestige scientific patronage supported show military order control. Massimo Mazzotti offers complex account Angelo Secchi's program physical (proto-astrophysics) pontifical Collegio Romano generated strong narrative. supportive omnipotence freedom Creator, was, after 1870, variously appropriated processes narratives Italian national identity nation building. volatile dynamic between individual vision forces 771] figures strongly Aubin's fascinating explication eclipse politics France Thailand, Schaffer's poignant morality tale fate observers Paramatta. Another important thematic cluster—Guy Boistel Sven Widmalm Martina Schiavon Algeria—considers interrelation astronomical with naval... | review | en | Style (visual arts)|Art history|History|Art|Sociology|Literature | https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.53.4.770 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1502702953', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.53.4.770', 'mag': '1502702953'} | Algeria | C144024400 | Sociology | Victorian Studies |
<em>The Human Tradition in Modern Africa</em>, Dennis D. Cordell, ed. | Mohamed Haji Ingiriis (https://openalex.org/A5033133967) | 2,013 | Reviewed by: The Human Tradition in Modern Africa ed. by Dennis D. Cordell Mohamed Haji Ingiriis Cordell, , 2011. Africa. London: Rowman and Littlefield. 283 pp. 28.89. Africa, edited is a collection of biographical sketches men women varied backgrounds. It consists four parts: part one, "Encounters: Two Worlds New Worlds, 1800-1850," presents three wonderful chapters, with one narrating the case fair Portuguese colonial official tumultuous period greedy local servants attempting to exploit reconfigurations imperial power. Part two, "Fashioning African Identities Era European Conquest, 1850-1910," comprises chapters. three, "The Contradictions Colonialism, 1910-1960: Exploitation Rights," has which seek explore broad theme: from administrator offspring servants. four, "Globalization, Family Strategies, Threats Independence, 1960-2012," introduces chapters that concentrate on recent microsocial history. editor volume cognizant questions may arise "how historically accurate biography be" while or complete life history be also tied question why story recalled at all" (p. 8). Nowhere are his words much more truly revealing than Lidwien Kapteijns's study (part chapter [End Page 145] nine), only concerning northeast published separately elsewhere no major textual changes (2009). This piece above, taking traditional history-writing stance, emphasizes lives those power, rather below, follows ordinary women, excluded state Here, I am reminded Michel Foucault (1980), who noted subtle parallel between power knowledge. Kapteijns' aim "tell stories real women" 192); therefore envisage differentiation "real "unreal presentation sugarcoated personal narrative early years Maryan Muuse Boqor, Somali lady defied her father marry fellow political-party member. coincidence, though Kapteijns seems oblivious, Maryan's great-grandaunts had similarly elders' wishes (see Collins 1960). Owing father's privileged political position Somalia, before after achievement independence, was sent educated Egypt Morocco. fact indicates that, well Somalia gained postcolonial politicians were sending their children private boarding schools abroad. A weakness individual historical narration it can guided promotion, seeks suppress any warts-all narratives. exception, as approach uncritical narrator. not suggest narratives cannot used reconstructing history, but avoid failing reach other side problematic aspect one-dimensional narrative. clear resonance professional historians often warned peers rely extensively biographies hagiographies understanding person within person. Such method sways put distinct perspective—from protagonist like Muuse— into context, stirring debates for against mantra personalist cult. reminds us twice narrator descendant clan sultanates Ambaro, grandmother, daughter sultan Hobyo. Why father, example, sacked government under UN trusteeship he serving 1956 1958 left out. lists bibliographical works about precolonial Somalia. As usual, she takes board scholars whom shares ideological views friendship. Though most relevant piece, does recommend readers Aman (Barnes Bodd 1994), Faduma Korn (2006), Nimo Mahamud-Hassan (2006). After all, suggestions... | review | en | Colonialism|Portuguese|Biography|Theme (computing)|History|Independence (probability theory)|Power (physics)|Art history|Sociology|Philosophy|Linguistics|Statistics|Physics|Mathematics|Archaeology|Quantum mechanics|Computer science|Operating system | https://doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.59.4.145 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2285699536', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.59.4.145', 'mag': '2285699536'} | Egypt|Morocco|Somalia | C144024400 | Sociology | Africa Today |
<em>The Politics of Interregional Cooperation:</em> The Impact of NATO's Intervention in Libya on its Relations with the African Union | Edward Ansah Akuffo (https://openalex.org/A5001402414) | 2,014 | This article seeks to address two interrelated questions. First, what have been the implications of intervention in Libya by North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) on its relations with African Union (AU), particularly terms cooperation aimed at promoting peace and security Africa? Second, how can AU better deploy Peace Security Architecture (APSA) ensure that emerging interregional between both organizations works favor continent’s collective interests? In addressing these questions other related issues, this paper argues for strategic forms engagement NATO gives priority Africa’s interest. | article | en | North Atlantic Treaty|Intervention (counseling)|Treaty|Politics|Political science|Enterprise information security architecture|European union|Collective security|Political economy|Architecture|Public administration|International relations|International trade|Sociology|Law|Economics|Engineering|Geography|Systems engineering|Archaeology|Psychology|Psychiatry | https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.4.2.108 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2078976034', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.4.2.108', 'mag': '2078976034'} | Libya | C144024400 | Sociology | African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review |
<em>Thiaroye</em> or <em>Yeelen</em>? The Two Ways of African Cinemas | Boughedir (https://openalex.org/A5002139019) | 2,020 | Thiaroye or Yeelen?The Two Ways of African Cinemas Férid Boughedir (bio) Click for larger view View full resolution Figure H. Sarah Maldoror and Boughedir, 1993. Courtesy FESPACO. [End Page 255] At the end eighties, two different ways future cinema, including its mode production, were open same year by films directed most famous filmmakers: on one hand, Camp de (1988, Senegal), Ousmane Sembène, a virulent politically committed film, South-South coproduction with no financial technical help from Europe; other Yeelen (1987, Mali) Souleymane Cissé, an intemporal "cultural roots" aesthetical mainly produced French governmental grants. In early nineties, new generation filmmakers confirmed reality these opposite tendencies, whose challenge could imply self-production dream return to & European sponsoring "Art Films" production in Africa. During their first 90s sessions, important Pan-African film Festivals—FESPACO (Burkina Faso) JCC (Journées Cinématographiques Carthage - Tunisia) gave proof that had arrived scene. March 1991 at FESPACO alone more than half thirty full-length competition works; four them Laafi (1991, Burkina Pierre Yameogo, Ta Dona / Fire! Adama Drabo, Laada (1990, Idrissa Touré, Sango Malo The Village Teacher Cameroon) Bassek Ba Kobhio be found months later selection list Festival Cannes which never before welcomed such profusion Black previous sessions dominated friendly confrontation between great names South Saharan cinema representing trends. pioneer doyen, Senegalese filmmaker presented his Camps Thiaroye, uncompromising testimony bloody repression exercised colonial army against rebel batallion infantry. As established challenger, Malian showed celebrated Yeelen—a brilliant illustration mythical magical dimensions culture. 256] Although both have received awards highest international authorities (Yeelen, Jury's Prize 1987 Special Jury 1988 Venice), nevertheless complete opposites. was outcome certain vein sprang up 1960s, being heavily socially militating favour true independence continent. outstanding work universalist current devoted celebrating Cultural Identity. contrast not only theme: economically, represented rare example coproduction, called support. Coproduced three countries—Senegal, Algeria, Tunisia—technical sound finish carried out highly reputable laboratories SATPEC Tunisia where several been dealt with. This perfectly illustrated Sembène's theories about need produce (even though deprived home distribution market as is case moment), means available. On conceived thanks direct aid Ministry Culture completed support television channels; it shot crew all laboratory finishing operations France. examining works filmmakers, seems although moment now opening whole predominant movement political, ideological, nationalist trend marking time moment, advantage cultural vocation. Just like Yeelen, the... | article | en | Movie theater|Courtesy|Art|Art history|Media studies|Economic history|History|Political science|Sociology|Law | https://doi.org/10.2979/blackcamera.12.1.20 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3125244661', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/blackcamera.12.1.20', 'mag': '3125244661'} | Algeria|Tunisia | C144024400 | Sociology | Black Camera |
<em>Tribes in Libya:</em> From Social Organization to Political Power | Haala Hweio (https://openalex.org/A5016606774) | 2,012 | The war in Libya is currently one of the major issues news and political analyses. A main topic arises when considering Libyan revolution against Muammar Qaddafi’s regime role tribes this revolution. Many analysts consider to be central actors either activating or suppressing it. In context, some questions could raised about real weight Libya, how why transformed from being traditional social organizations becoming actors? Will tribal system have a after Qaddafi? This paper seeks examine position structures State thereby shed light on aspects current war. | article | en | Politics|Power (physics)|Position (finance)|Context (archaeology)|State (computer science)|Political science|Political economy|Economy|Sociology|Law|Geography|Business|Archaeology|Economics|Physics|Quantum mechanics|Finance|Algorithm|Computer science | https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.2.1.111 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2002587953', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.2.1.111', 'mag': '2002587953'} | Libya | C144024400 | Sociology | African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review |
<em>Tropheryma whipplei</em> in Immunocompromised Children in Iran: A Preliminary Study | Sumaira Shams (https://openalex.org/A5016048358)|Naeimeh Rezaei (https://openalex.org/A5051452848)|Anna Beltrame (https://openalex.org/A5016079954)|Leila Dal Moro (https://openalex.org/A5013115387)|Chiara Piubelli (https://openalex.org/A5029644591)|Bagheri Amiri F (https://openalex.org/A5024913187)|Saber Esmaeili (https://openalex.org/A5053004859) | 2,021 | Background: Tropheryma whipplei is the causative pathogen of Whipple&rsquo;s disease and other acute chronic manifestations. Children have been identified as reservoirs this bacterium especially in low-middle income countries. No information currently available on dissemination T. Iran. Therefore, aim study was to investigate presence children with immunodeficiency. Methods: This cross-sectional performed from July 2018 February 2019 Qom province (central Iran). Stool samples were collected immuno-compromised children. tested by SYBR Green Taq-Man Real-time PCR assays. For confirmation, sequencing isolated bacteria done. Results: One hundred 30 a mean age 56.7 months enrolled. Acute lymphocytic leukemia most reported immunodeficient (77%), followed non-Hodgkin lymphoma retinoblastoma. The majority undergoing chemotherapy during study. Thirteen (10%) had DNA stools. Sequencing results confirmed identification all cases. Eight out 70 (11.4%) under 5 years old resulted positive. Conclusion: first showing circulation among immunocompromised More epidemiological studies are needed evaluate prevalence different risk groups Iran increase knowledge its rare clinical | article | en | Tropheryma whipplei|Medicine|Whipple Disease|Whipple's disease|Epidemiology|Disease|Internal medicine|Immunology|Coeliac disease|Intestinal malabsorption | https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202102.0261.v1 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W3128397626', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202102.0261.v1', 'mag': '3128397626'} | Iran | C107130276 | Epidemiology | |
<em>UN Peacekeeping in Africa: From the Suez Crisis to the Sudan Conflicts</em>, Adekeye Adebajo | Agber Dimah (https://openalex.org/A5006570324) | 2,012 | Reviewed by: UN Peacekeeping in Africa: From the Suez Crisis to Sudan Conflicts Agber Dimah Adebajo, Adekeye. 2011. Conflicts. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner Publishers. 270 pp. Adebajo’s book is an historical narrative and excellent delineation of key issues actors involved United Nations peacekeeping efforts Africa during last half century. In first chapter, author repeatedly states problem as lack cooperation among three principal whose collaboration are indispensable. These permanent members Security Council, regional African organizations, nations directly or indirectly violent conflicts. Adebajo defines success restoring peace stability after ceasefire, disarmament, demobilization, rehabilitation. He cites examples where such led (the crises) it failure (Congo). Chapter two a detailed account birth U.N. missions that emerged out necessity deal with crisis. It good example how alignment interests most influential States Soviet Union) peaceful resolution. The focus chapter on games great powers play domestic sociopolitical dynamics they influence outcomes missions. clear from author’s assertions primary goal collaborative action was not region, but protection big powers. interest keep Canal open, more importantly, secure for itself its Western allies oil vital industry. By contrast, Union threaten access by sowing seeds discord aligning leftist regimes region. Like two, begins conflict so-called Great Lakes Region Africa. correctly points successful resolution contingent upon convergence before introduction armed peacekeepers; however, while he refers interests, does clearly identify them. were, still are, enormous natural resources especially those Congo. indicates wanted stem spread communism; communism per se important, threat poses these markets. Similarly, [End Page 91] delineated. Undoubtedly, Egypt cooperated because solution ensured control canal coveted England, France, Israel. An important question why did cooperate crisis, Congo crisis? provide answer, except mention passing “marriage convenience.” A possible explanation found helpful divide region into respective satellite each other’s satisfaction thus avoid violence. Southern (Angola, Namibia, Mozambique) subject four. Here again, reference made implied their ally, apart-heid South Africa, containment and, involved, political independence; time, had collapsed. Why, then, insist linking independence Namibia withdrawal Cuban troops Angola? answer appears be Angola already this time potentially producer, sharing border appear realize almost invariably economic, even when described strategic stemming communism. In... | review | en | Peacekeeping|Demobilization|Disarmament|Political science|Conflict resolution|Peacebuilding|Development economics|Political economy|Law|Politics|Sociology|Economics | https://doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.59.2.91 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1556928587', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.59.2.91', 'mag': '1556928587'} | Egypt|Israel|Sudan | C144024400|C183761623|C21711469|C2781395907|C47768531 | Conflict resolution|Development economics|Peacebuilding|Peacekeeping|Sociology | Africa Today |
<em>Victorian Vulgarity: Taste in Verbal and Visual Culture</em>, edited by Susan David Bernstein and Elsie B. Michie | Barry J. Faulk (https://openalex.org/A5063538057) | 2,010 | Reviewed by: Victorian Vulgarity: Taste in Verbal and Visual Culture Barry J. Faulk (bio) Culture, edited by Susan David Bernstein Elsie B. Michie; pp. x + 250. Aldershot Burlington: Ashgate, 2009, £55.00, $99.95. The diverse essays this fine anthology explore the wide-ranging use of “vulgarity” within context. By charting shifts term as it was used arts, politics, religion, authors persuade us that vulgarity functioned a “broad, multifarious” (11), above all, significant keyword for Victorians. [End Page 484] editors have organized collection into four sections, covering spheres where performed different but distinct kinds cultural work: British linguistics, an epithet wielded hegemonic middle class effort to stigmatize lower-class subjects minorities, means policing middle-class identity, controversies arts crafts late-Victorian age. Despite ample breadth analysis, writers share same aim utilizing discourse many intellectuals distinguish themselves from various “others” numerous contradictions identity. Vulgarity is more or less evenly divided between studies who shore up bourgeois values against threats posed “vulgar,” intellectuals, mostly later years nineteenth century, seek contest reframe older stigmatized difference. Essays Beth Newman, James Buzard, Ellen Bayuk Rosenman, Michie provide case former phenomena. Buzard focuses on Charles Dickens’s representations cross-class encounters Pickwick Papers (1836–37) make Dickens exemplary novelist, reveling representation vital, energetic characters, chiefly distinguished their unselfconscious language, while at time disavowing attraction novel’s scrupulously constructed sentimental plot digressions. Meri-Jane Rochelson’s essay explains how Israel Zangwill provided alternative view East-End Jewish life underscoring “spiritual underpinnings” religious observance (129). Bernstein’s study contemporary Museum Reading Room texts George Paston, Amy Levy, Ella Hepworth Dixon these celebrate value “common readers writers” face prejudice notoriously accessible space (115), chauvinism largely reproduced Gissing’s treatment New Grub Street (1891). Julie F. Codell’s elaborates Indian nationalists, end long developed specific critique debilitating effects imported goods India turned imposition “imperial aesthetic” (232). Yet misleading single out essays; all work first-rate. On whole, theoretical acumen works tandem with close textual analysis. Buzard’s particularly accomplished reading, shrewdly integrating issues form content novel. Joseph Litvak’s reading “tableaus vulgarity” Middlemarch (1871–72) highlights term’s subtle meanings order suggest startling commonality Eliot Alain Badiou (171). Even if comparison not fully convincing, Litvak nonetheless subtleties usually glossed over serially teaching well-worn text. Invariably, methods are accompanied careful scrutiny each text’s historical Michie’s Frances Trollope’s Vicar Wrexhill (1837) develops broader investigation emerged response 1829 repeal Test Corporation Act, dissimilar Thomas Carlyle Edward Irving, which tarred both Utilitarians Evangelicals brush mercenary ambition. Ronald R. Thomas’s Picture Dorian Gray (1891) convincingly argues cinema, mechanical apparatus turning “vulgar” traces physical spectacle, offers the... | review | en | Vulgarity|Taste|Middle class|Politics|Elite|CONTEST|Middlebrow|Identity (music)|Context (archaeology)|Sociology|Victorian literature|History|Literature|Art|Aesthetics|Art history|Law|Political science|Psychology|Neuroscience|Archaeology | https://doi.org/10.2979/vic.2010.52.3.484 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1488442296', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/vic.2010.52.3.484', 'mag': '1488442296'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Victorian Studies |
<em>Wa-Ma Nasayna</em> (We Have Not Forgotten): Palestinian Collective Memory and the Print Work of Abed Abdi | Tal Ben-Zvi (https://openalex.org/A5086933551) | 2,016 | Palestinian art created within Israel’s 1948 borders possesses unique characteristics deriving from its being part of the visual culture minority in Israel. In this artistic-national construct, artist, graphic designer, and printmaker Abed Abdi played a leading role as consequence his work over decade between 1972 1982 graphics editor publications Communist Party successor, Democratic Front for Peace Equality, Arabic language journal Al-Ittihad, Al-Jadid literary journal. The article focuses on significant shaping collective memory “The print” is term I employ to define presentational space practice works printed relatively large editions press, books, booklets, posters, postcards. By means practice, reproduced gradually establish their target audience. Hence, they are an autonomous alternative that most important national all sections people. | article | en | Presentational and representational acting|Communism|Democracy|Space (punctuation)|Visual culture|Behold|Media studies|Aesthetics|Sociology|Visual arts|Art|History|Law|Art history|Politics|Political science|Philosophy|Linguistics | https://doi.org/10.2979/israelstudies.21.1.183 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2242881653', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/israelstudies.21.1.183', 'mag': '2242881653'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Israel Studies |
<em>Whose Music, Whose Country?</em> Music, Mobilization, and Social Change in North Africa | Craig Robertson (https://openalex.org/A5043617490) | 2,015 | Social change began to rapidly emerge in many North African states 2011 and 2012, this process continues today. Music has been embedded within from the beginning a key feature street protests expressing group identity that opposed status quo at time. The situation since become extremely complex as identities have split merged, but early days of social Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, music was used by professional amateur musicians well non- for several purposes, namely, express more generalized identity, capture moment protests, propagate information about wider Arab diaspora gain support them. Conversely, state also time form control promoting uncritical marginalize challenging music. | article | en | Amateur|Status quo|Identity (music)|Diaspora|Collective identity|State (computer science)|Social change|Social identity theory|Sociology|Gender studies|Political science|Media studies|History|Social group|Law|Social science|Aesthetics|Art|Politics|Algorithm|Computer science | https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.5.1.66 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1043565329', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.5.1.66', 'mag': '1043565329'} | Egypt|Libya|Tunisia | C144024400 | Sociology | African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review |
<em>‘The Jew’ in Late-Victorian and Edwardian Culture: Between the East End and East Africa</em>, edited by Eitan Bar-Yosef and Nadia Valman<br/><em>A Jew in the Public Arena: The Career of Israel Zangwill</em>, by Meri-Jane Rochelson | David C. Itzkowitz (https://openalex.org/A5026578151) | 2,010 | Reviewed by: ‘The Jew’ in Late-Victorian and Edwardian Culture: Between the East End Africa, and: A Jew Public Arena: The Career of Israel Zangwill David C. Itzkowitz (bio) edited by Eitan Bar-Yosef Nadia Valman; pp. xi + 241. Basingstoke New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009, £50.00, $75.00. Zangwill, Meri-Jane Rochelson; xxvi 317. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2008, $34.95, $24.95 paper, £31.50, £23.50 paper. Scholarly interest experience British Jews has grown tremendously past two or three decades as we have come to understand both that Jewish was much more complex than once thought liberal societies pose particularly difficult interesting dilemmas with regard dealing cultural difference. books under review are products new scholarship. period covered Culture anxiety filled for country a whole. small population, which increasingly acculturated, native born, middle class, quadrupled size after 1880 result large-scale immigration Eastern European Jews. This influx created native-born community, whose members feared their own status would be adversely affected newcomers, many non-Jews, whom were most easily identifiable foreigners presence threatened any sense national identity. Nativists on right left accused immigrant undercutting wages English workers, tensions between newcomers working class rose, London. Thinly veiled anti-Semitic agitation prompted Parliament pass 1905 Aliens Act, gave government power restrict immigration, although Act did not specifically mention Jews, there is little doubt quintessential aliens had sparked fear led Act’s passage. situation further complicated Boer War. prominent place among South African gold diamond interests some opponents Britain’s involvement war label product “Jew-imperialist” plot (2). Finally, rise anti-Semitism continent one impetus growth Zionism, movement find sympathizers within community. These issues, others, clearly persuasively set out Valman’s introduction volume, its origin conferences held at Southampton. Among issues considered contributors anti-Semitism, contemporary images about society, turn-of-the-century Zionism. As case essay collections, quality contributions varies from excellent unfortunate, but, taken whole, volume illuminates immense complexity culture. quotation marks book’s title suggest, emphasis many, though all, figure represented fin-desiécle culture rather what Valman refer “real” though, they carefully point out, relationship “discursive” must handled (11). Complicating picture [End Page 676] fact discursive can non-Jewish discourses, these discourses might overlap diverge. Hovering over freighted issue whether could truly unalterably alien. Social investigators like Beatrice Potter (later Webb) found seemingly alien fruitful site quasi-anthropological investigation. writers, other hand... | review | en | Judaism|Immigration|Population|Scholarship|Jewish culture|Middle East|History|Religious studies|Classics|Sociology|Political science|Law|Demography|Archaeology|Philosophy | https://doi.org/10.2979/vic.2010.52.4.676 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1533093887', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.2979/vic.2010.52.4.676', 'mag': '1533093887'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Victorian Studies |
<i> </i>A Comparative Study on Objectives and Components of Writing Skill in National Curriculum of Iran and America (New Jersey) at High School | Elham Ghaderi Doust (https://openalex.org/A5031345457) | 2,016 | This study aims to provide an introductory of the codification objectives and components teaching writing within National Language curriculum in upper secondary correlation with elementary lower curriculums. The method is a qualitative analysis contents. data includes Persian Iranian schools (version 2007) American core for Arts (in New Jersey, 2004) collected through library note taking from Iran foreign documents. In present research, curriculums countries cited are analyzed perused based on Autonomous Ideological approaches literacy; suggesting that formularized influenced by approach, whereas possess properties Approach(consciously or unconsciously)and characteristics concerned approach marginal Iran. After discussing features America (New Jersey), impressed literacy, we proceed bring forward advantages drawbacks some suggestions improve mentioned | article | en | Curriculum|Ideology|Mathematics education|Literacy|Language arts|Sociology|Pedagogy|Curriculum theory|Foreign language|Curriculum development|Psychology|Political science|Politics|Law | https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.70.70 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2467057449', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.70.70', 'mag': '2467057449'} | Iran | C144024400 | Sociology | International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences|Social Science Open Access Repository (GESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences) |
<i> Covenant of Care: Newark Beth Israel and the Jewish Hospital in America</i> (review) | Morris J. Vogel (https://openalex.org/A5033344042) | 2,008 | Reviewed by: Covenant of Care: Newark Beth Israel and the Jewish Hospital in America Morris J. Vogel Alan M. Kraut Deborah A. Kraut. America. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2007. 304 pp. Ill. $37.95 (ISBN-10: 0-8135-3910-2, ISBN-13: 978-0-8135-3910-2). hospitals are today an assumed feature American urban landscape. But it was hardly fated that a vulnerable marginalized immigrant group, greatest number whom came to United States from least economically developed communities Europe at turn last century, should be identified with many nation's most advanced centers medical practice. In this volume, tell story one such institution draw on offer insights about how unusual circumstance be. Their inquiry lies intersection history histories immigration medicine; their example is Newark, Jersey's community its emblematic institutions. The Krauts begin narrative hazardous congested conditions late nineteenth-century very situations associated increasing recourse hospitalization as response illness accident. They note often hostile reception Jews received mainstream Protestant hospitals. And they point also role women who mobilized themselves volunteers build communal infrastructure Newark's community. began much charity, dependent both business working-class support, sometimes troubled by fractious [End Page 477] relationships among differing interests. cover account almost small-town detail expects institutional biography: list key staff, administrative, board appointments, give dates for opening (and naming) specialty clinics departments, provide admissions data budget billing details. possess admirable eye larger features narrative, contextualizing hospital's evolution into modern against backdrop Flexner Report, public health infrastructure, 1918 influenza pandemic, Great Depression, city's industrial decline, suburbanization population, introduction Medicare, riots, corporatization care. reader grateful volume's granular history; account, example, responded successfully accreditation requirements new hospital standards movement early 1920s particularly revealing, explaining appoint non-Jewish superintendent committed program upgraded facilities. This kind discussion best focusing particularities research agenda—staff, played leading developing treatment Rh incompatibility newborns—had do outset circumstances Russian-Jewish physicians. Medical school quotas students outright bans internship programs led adopt aggressively scientific orientation meet needs professionals. Similar exclusionary policies, residencies became standard entry practice, Israel—like other hospitals—to organize itself around what would later called tertiary As post–World War accelerated, patient population fell; 1949, already constituted less than half. While some leaders sought reaffirm identity, embraced "non-sectarianism under auspices" survival strategy. By 1960s, beginning reconfigure regional center, though continued respond issues increasingly impoverished city. Ultimately unable negotiate deepening financial crises end-of-the-century care, sacrificed autonomy sale Saint Barnabas... | review | en | Judaism|Immigration|Covenant|History|Mainstream|Religious studies|Sociology|Law|Political science|Archaeology|Philosophy | https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.0.0019 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2092566909', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.0.0019', 'mag': '2092566909'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Bulletin of the History of Medicine |
<i> אני השר: עיונים בשירת החול העברית בספרד. מאת מאשה יצחקי ["Ani Hashar": Studies in Hebrew Secular Poetry in Spain]</i> (review) | Yosef Ṭobi (https://openalex.org/A5030414646) | 1,991 | Hebrew Studies 32 (1991) 140 Reviews ment with the community-that is, an assumption about coherence. Presumably, prophet seeks to persuade his audience take a certain course of action. The overall tenor contemporaneous oracles ought serve coherent argument that avoids contradictory demands. How well founded is this alongside others noted above? Scholarship needs devise critical means for testing such hypotheses short coming up direct historical information. Otherwise, we are limited subjective judgments validity competing models dynamics Israelite prophecy. Could sociology and anthropology prophecy suggest some working typologies prophetic processes could help evaluate particular reconstructions? For example, one thinks comparative work T. Overholt (Channels ofProphecy [1989]) describing process oracle revision development in response community reactions or expectations, problems cognitive dissonance created by lack fulfillment, etc. More might be done from perspective conditions methods limits shifts tendency prophet's pronouncements. None these considerations meant away value creative stimulation Holladay's contribution Jeremiah studies. criticisms offered spirit recent SBL program, entitled, "Jeremiah: Where do go here?" Whatever direction taken future, commentary will remain indispensable dialogue partner. Congratulations order Professor Holladay capstone achievement study Jeremiah. A. R. Pete Diamond Carpinteria, CA 93013 .'p~ itUMD rate .11£)0:1 n'"1Jlm ,m ni'fD:1 C'J'l'l1 :ifDn 'J~ ["ANI HASHAR": STUDIES IN HEBREW SECULAR POETRY SPAIN]. By Masha Itzhaki. Pp. 133. Tel Aviv: Papyrus, 1986. Paper. Itzhaki, outstanding student Israel Levin University Aviv, known her many studies secular poetry Spain, which have been published book form. This devoted personal aspect poetry. 141 Middle Ages was characterized clear influence Arabic poetry, as seen its conventionalism: considerable commitment poets rigid rules areas language, form, motifs, even content. character heavily stressed research literature, chiefly those researchers who seek-quite rightly-to show great extent borrowing We must care, however, unique features individual poet not completely lost when indicate poetry's conventionality. In each poet, at least figures medieval can discern uniqueness distinguishes another. does derive general matters form (structure meter) nor poet's motifs. all shared traits similarity among various great. Nor, general, innovation Its source rather last analysis what determines authentic experience alone. literary-lyrical expression constitutes exclusive creation poet. He cannot rely willingly, out literary commitment, on approach poetic forerunners upon convention, hallowed over generations, has become classic obligatory. Itzhaki perceptively found experiential four greatest Spain: Samuel HaNagid, Solomon Ibn Gabirol, Moses Ezra, Judah HaLevi. framework brief review I deal Itzhaki's discussion poets. shall limit myself HaNagid (993-1056), first Spanish burst across bounds limiting find poems powerful wide-ranging court culture and... | review | en | Scholarship|Hebrew|Argument (complex analysis)|Value (mathematics)|Cognitive dissonance|Sociology|Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)|Poetry|Epistemology|History|Psychology|Literature|Social psychology|Political science|Law|Philosophy|Art|Computer science|Biochemistry|Chemistry|Physics|Quantum mechanics|Machine learning | https://doi.org/10.1353/hbr.1991.0041 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1991922797', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/hbr.1991.0041', 'mag': '1991922797'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Hebrew studies |
<i>A Common Justice: The Legal Allegiances of Christians and Jews under Early Islam</i> (review) | Ruth Robbins (https://openalex.org/A5047147066) | 2,012 | Reviewed by: A Common Justice: The Legal Allegiances of Christians and Jews under Early Islam Ruth Mills Robbins Uriel I. Simonsohn, (Philadelphia: University Pennsylvania Press 2011) x +306 pp. In Justice, Simonsohn complicates the received understanding legal social dynamics Islamic rule. He emphasizes range judicial choices available to argues that plurality rather than structured hierarchy should be considered norm for society before 1050 CE. routinely sought authorities outside their religious traditions if appealing extra-religious courts would benefit respective cases. Contrary picture autonomous communities presented in earlier scholarship, made across confessional [End Page 280] boundaries reveals ties between individuals those same boundaries. These suggest groups had a much greater degree interconnection previously understood. lays foundation his argument by examining pre-Islamic practices Roman Persian empires. For both empires he notes that, while official hierarchical systems were place, it was not uncommon individuals, whether Jewish or Christian, seek alternatives imperial courts. included local respected who may have individual leaders. Religious leaders desired constituents recourse within own preached wrote against such judges. As notes, Christian attempting more strictly define thereby maintain power even advent Islam. According pluralism Arabian peninsula as religion formed. system developed over time borrowed from customs people Sassanian Within developing polity, held onto most property. this changing context, Christians, Jews, Muslims continued out options benefit. asserts “judicial authority meant power” (93). So seeking solutions community assigning authority. attempted restrict because undermined power. Eastern Western Syrian ecclesiastical used several different strategies hold possible. addition preaching taking problems communities, these incorporated aspects law into codes an effort keep litigants authorities. also with political bolster Thus, bishop might act rulers capacity. accommodations resulted increased urbanized face influence based less on networks. derived affiliation geonim, Talmudic academies functioned centers during Abbasid Caliphate, prominence, mercantile ties, scholarly achievement. judges rabbis little coercive This weakened effectiveness prompted some Additionally, sometimes differences use Women divorce frequent dissolution marriage twelve-month waiting period mandated law. Another factor motivated 281] trade. Merchants regularly traded groups, trade agreements lawsuits made... | review | en | Confessional|Islam|Law|Economic Justice|Sociology of religion|Religious studies|Judaism|Sociology|Political science|Theology|Politics|Philosophy | https://doi.org/10.1353/cjm.2012.0050 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1992026857', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/cjm.2012.0050', 'mag': '1992026857'} | Syria | C139621336|C144024400 | Economic Justice|Sociology | Comitatus-a Journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies |
<i>A Letter for the Ages: Iggeres Haramban</i> (review) | Edward Simon (https://openalex.org/A5041375386) | 1,990 | 108 SHOFAR when he (or she) first encounters him. This would add a new and valuable dimension to their studies since putting people in an historical intellectual context greatly aids appreciating work. For this reason I highly recommend its purchase for school congregational libraries, as well budding scholars. Edward Simon Purdue University A Letter the Ages: Iggeres Haramban, edited by Rabbi Avrohom Chaim Feuer. ArtScroll Series. Brooklyn, NY: Mesorah Publications, 1989. 122 pp. $11.95 (c); $8.95 (p). . publishing enterprise broad that of series has be somewhat uneven. is one lower points. It not work any sense bad, only considering how many other books there are covering similar material, it superfluous. The letter itself (in translation) does exceed 1,000 words. was written Ramban from Israel his son Nachman Spain year 1267. At time, Moshe ben 72, died few years later. mussar, ethical instruction, begins, "Heed, my son, discipline ofyour father, do riot forsake guidance your mother. Accustom yourself speak gently all at times." Words no less valid now than they were 700 ago. There three or four pages anthologized commentary classic contemporary expositors on each 32 sentences letter. On opening passage Feuer notes midos (character traits) inherited one's parents genes. He then quotes story famous"Alter ofSlabodka": child good family caught stealing apples. But did just happen. grandfather, who very pious , nevertheless pretended even more really was. His scholar, plagiarized some others. grandson, turn, became apple thief. Who could gain reading such book? Still, others better. ... | review | en | Context (archaeology)|Publishing|Classics|History|Sociology|Literature|Philosophy|Religious studies|Art|Archaeology | https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.1990.0011 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2023303814', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.1990.0011', 'mag': '2023303814'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | |
<i>A World History of Ancient Political Thought</i> (review) | George Backen (https://openalex.org/A5012237488) | 2,012 | Reviewed by: A World History of Ancient Political Thought George Backen Thought. By Antony Black. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009. 264 pp. $85.00 (cloth). Black, emeritus professor in history political thought at Dundee University, extends the scope discussion with Whereas most books on subject primarily focus Western thinkers, Black globalizes scholarship by researching ancient ideologies. Defined as “public justifications and institutions,” ideology encompasses but is not exhausted systematic or empirical work. From this perspective relying a wide range sources, provides culturally inclusive overview thought. Outstanding for its breadth, book also has power to prompt critical thinking possibly change. Infused argument suggestion, sees key value potentially improving global climate providing solutions tensions that threaten future civilization. Given quality research, clarity presentation, breadth subject, practical importance, crafted work continues reward after each read. Beginning adaptive behaviors allowed transition from hunter gatherers set framework civilization, summarizes ideologies emergence civilization early Christianity. Divided into thirteen chapters, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Iran, Israel, India, China, Greeks, [End Page 665] Rome, Greco-Roman Humanism, Christianity are addressed. The final two chapters identify dominant themes provide general conclusions. Opting treat separately rather comparatively, cultural historical context each. While approach allows unique characteristics emerge, civilizations treated complete isolation. Comparisons made, commonalities recognized, employed explain non-Western ideas; if reader unacquainted culture, Black’s style method brings understanding use familiar. Although notable feature book, pre-Columbian sub-Saharan absent. Lacking philosophy science, these still possessed institutions appeared legitimate their populations. If data reconstruct views relatively sparse, chapter could be devoted them. depth, shortest chapter, only half pages; reconstruction an need lengthy. Some explanation omission appropriate. Islam noted scholar Islamic end specified inclusion would valuable satisfy stated aim. As result misunderstanding lack communication, argues productive, international dialogue may facilitated through origins. instrumental, since misunderstandings between West source current tensions. Further, recent events understood Islam. thread although discussed themes, democracy democratic tendencies. Mesopotamia Confucianism Christianity, spirit recurrent. With identification tendencies, readers make more sense events, such 2011 Egyptian revolution. More detail some cultures promote aim mutual understanding. influence ideas well developed, doctrine behavior ought line language not. Prescribing people act roles, titles dictate, Rectification Names content moral prescriptions Confucianism. Discussion deepen giving substance interrelations features—Confucian conservatism, duty, Jen, resolution 666] disorder. Besides informing, connects Eastern In his stoicism, notes, “To fulfill duties one’s allotted role civil society the... | review | en | Ideology|Politics|Civilization|Political history|History|Scholarship|Humanism|Greeks|Environmental ethics|Sociology|Classics|Political science|Law|Philosophy|Archaeology | https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2012.0082 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1971857643', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2012.0082', 'mag': '1971857643'} | Egypt|Iran|Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Journal of World History |
<i>Abba Hillel Silver and American Zionism</i> (review) | Rabbi Samuel Weingart (https://openalex.org/A5085811370) | 1,999 | 148 SHOFAR Summer 1999 Vol. 17, No.4 Abba Hillel Silver and American Zionism, edited by Mark A. Raider, Jonathan D. Sarna, Ronald W. Zweig. London Portland, OR: Frank Cass Publishers, 1997. 127 pp. $37.50. In reading the reviewer recalls Thomas Carlyles' statement: "The history of world is but biography great men." As Jewish marks fiftieth anniversary founding State Israel, this book avery timely reminder that in reflecting upon Zionist movement creation state, one cannot overlook significant accomplishments Rabbi Silver. These collected essays offer reader a careful reasoned analysis such pertinent questions as, "How did Silver's rabbinic career influence his actions as leader?" "What was source political strength skill impact have struggle to achieve statehood?" (1893-1963) not only forceful commanding presence rabbinate, also dynamic inspiring orator, master Hebrew language, an intellectual luminary, uncommonly eloquent persuasive voice for Zionism halls, ofJewish forums, Washington, D.C. United Nations. time when Refonn Judaism primarily opposed aspirations principles Silver, leading congregational rabbi, first Wheeling, West Virginia then Cleveland, Ohio, became ardent champion Zionism. For these convincingly posit, there no incompatibility between being Jew espouser This borne out Raider's essay, "Where Differed," which he quotes "Zionism national effort restore lost hannony life. It aims at reconstituted totality existence" (p. 93). There much writings pronouncements dated, even today. Thus, Hasia Diner's "Zion America: The Fonnative Visions Silver," demonstrates, greatly concerned lack unity among Jews. He saw it problem, indicated ofspiritual torpor profoundly disturbed low level spirituality Jews absence strong interest education. One wonders if would thus been heartened recent trends indicating desire on part more fmd increased meaning life Judaism's call stronger commitment Torah study learning general. struck parallel "vital Liberal Judaism" Israel order keep alive Israel's spiritual contemporary struggles within equal rights recognition nonOrthodox fonns ofJudaism. who insisted indigenous Israeli Book Reviews 149 form ofReform Judaism, said, "We import our special brand into Israel. Our apparel may be suitable raiment them" 30). However, Michael Meyer, "Abba Camp Reform Judaism," correctly points still classical whose ideology very patterned after prophetic rather than, now evidenced ritual tradition. major strengths its emphasis connection liberalism ancient prophets with their clarion justice righteousness manifested assertion, made again again, liberal democracy are co-partners giving people's lives. Thus impassioned efforts promote effective prolabor legislation further cause women suffrage, well espousal other causes, emanated from... | review | en | Zionism|Judaism|Politics|Anti-Zionism|Jewish history|Hebrew|State (computer science)|Religious studies|Jewish studies|Jewish state|Classics|Theology|Sociology|History|Law|Political science|Philosophy|Algorithm|Computer science | https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.1999.0106 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2129034145', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.1999.0106', 'mag': '2129034145'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Shofar |
<i>African Proconsuls: European Governors in Africa</i> (review) | Louis W. Truschel (https://openalex.org/A5032177717) | 1,979 | REVIEWS 367 sure might have helped her to develop natural talent, we cannot know. But the letters themselves stand as victory. Charlotte Painter Oakland L. H. Gann and Peter Duignan, eds. African Proconsuls: European Governors in Africa. New York: The Free Press, 1978. 548 pp. $29.95. sub-Saharan territories were ruled during modern period from 1884 1964 by a vast array of governors or other office holders approximately equivalent rank, including 333 French, 293 British, 142 Portuguese, 27 German, 26 Belgian officials , according computation senior editor Proconsuls . This volume offers moderate-length biographies analyses careers fifteen these, written fourteen outstanding American, French scholars colonial history. A chapter on Louis Faidherbe, whose last term governor Senegal ended 1865, was fifteenth author. sixteen individuals studied all moderate considerable importance their impact Africa country's policy, although Nigerian writer essay is included at end attacks those historians who assign significance lives Europeans black Lewis Gann, volume's editor, more than adequately refutes this objection his introduction, which assesses profound colonialism great differences made varying policies methods its governors. individual studies highlight assess some cases failures, major figures governed introductory chapters separate sections devoted Belgian, Portuguese German are generally excellent explaining context specific power's position role governors, A. M. Kirk-Greene's remarks British far too long-winded filled with superfluous information. book deficient certain respects. It contains no overall bibliography bibliographies different chapters, are, however, footnoted do list writings themselves. 368 biography Vol. 2, No. 4 does not cover North Northeast Africa, Southern Central below Zambezi grossly underrepresented. No Spanish Italian included. coverage quite adequate. Binger, Gallieni West Madagascar military men expanded empire late-nineteenth early-twentieth centuries, study Virgil Matthew, Jr., that Binger Henri Brunschwig balanced persuasive one-sided case built Leland C. Barrows lessen Faidherbe expansion Senegalese colony. Ponty, Eboué, Delavignette well flow together explain evolution twentieth-century French-colonial policy Equatorial toward Association selfgovernment By way contrast, four fit together. As mentioned above, introduction Kirk-Greene rambles needlessly on, for fifty-six pages, many truly important South colonies, Rhodesia, Egypt, Sudan remain uncovered. There two well-written substantial here, however: Harry Gailey's descriptive analysis Sir Hugh Clifford's long revealing career Malaysia Duignan's Robert Coryndon's string appointments Zambia, Swaziland, Lesotho, Uganda, Kenya. These seem fairly comprehensive judgments alongside John E. Flint's attack Frederick Lugard East Nigeria. Dame Margery Perham's massive two-volume covers story judiciously remains standard work subject. Ronald Robinson 's short Andrew Cohen's decolonizer Colonial Office Uganda illuminating but somewhat cursory treating events career... | review | en | Colonialism|Portuguese|Governor|History|Victory|German|Fifteenth|African studies|Economic history|Political science|Classics|Law|Sociology|Gender studies|Politics|Philosophy|Linguistics|Physics|Archaeology|Thermodynamics | https://doi.org/10.1353/bio.2010.0204 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2011786928', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/bio.2010.0204', 'mag': '2011786928'} | Egypt|Sudan | C144024400 | Sociology | Biography |
<i>African Theatre: Diasporas</i> (review) | Jessica Brown-Velez (https://openalex.org/A5016891317) | 2,011 | Reviewed by: African Theatre: Diasporas Jessica Brown-Velez Diasporas. Edited by Christine Matzke and Osita Okagbue. Theatre series, vol. 8. Woodbridge, UK: James Currey, 2009; pp. 190. Publisher Currey's of which this book is the eighth volume, aims to provide "a focus for research, critical discussion, information, creativity" in area theatre, broadly defined. Thoughtfully dedicated memory John Conteh-Morgan, departs from continent itself explores theatre about some world's displaced communities. As guest editors Okagbue make clear, idea a singular diasporic community long outdated inadequate address complexity global migration. The editors' introduction provides thorough though brief exploration concept diaspora as major theorists have constructed it, clarifies their goal text, offer "breadth depth theatrical expressions African-descended populations all over world" (xviii). Although geographic breadth—for both origin locations—is less than one might hoped even such short contributors emphasize ineffable heterogeneity diasporas absolute necessity continually remapping them. In addition introduction, text features obituaries reviews, but bulk composed interview, play script with translator's eight articles comprised histories, literary performance analyses, theory. Combining research artistic work, offers range views practitioners scholars, those whose work crosses between boundaries. Several introduce familiar Americas connections West Africa, particular influence Yoruba religion. Esiaba Irobi argues that presence ase, life-giving force metaphysics, persists works August Wilson, Ntozake Shange, Djanet Sears. He concludes ase an embodied theory arrived nontextual, phenomenological transmission, based "ethos communality" (16) rather European individualism, connected here text-based transmission. Maureen Moynagh places black Canadian hemispheric contexts; she analyzes performances "articulate repertoires lived experience" within "local, national, frameworks" across trans-American network interconnectedness (12). first two engage [End Page 659] Cuba, Cariad Astles writes concise, comprehensive history performers. Debunking Castro's post-revolutionary ideal post-racial nation, illuminates inflections performing bodies popular forms employ carnival traditions, playwriting, ritual, puppet Astles's essay useful grounding Conrad James's analysis Eugenio Hernández Espinosa's plays El Sacrificio María Antonia, explore blackness, gender representation, pre-revolutionary Cuban history, connections. finds "exalts African-Cuban world-view," nonetheless "contradictions religious culture" (49) may "victimize" individuals (particularly women) much "larger socio-political forces marginalize entire community" (49). Moving away Africa's on Americas, Sabrina Brancato turns Italy, focusing three case studies dialogic practice what calls "interculture"—vigorous collaboration recognizably divergent cultural East Africa Italy. Brancato's descriptions very exciting new "transcultural process[es] exchange transformation" occur spirit conviviality, means "living feasting together" (63) well Paul Gilroy describes "spontaneous tolerance openness" (Gilroy, qtd. 63). Rob Baum, invoking dual Ethiopian Jews—in Israel, Israel—considers Israeli dance group Eskesta, members are origin. Baum uses language hybridity describe group's choreography, examines how informs dance. Baum's lively company's suggest... | review | en | Diaspora|History|Media studies|Sociology|Gender studies | https://doi.org/10.1353/tj.2011.0106 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2063757525', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/tj.2011.0106', 'mag': '2063757525'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Theatre Journal |
<i>Agitate! Educate! Organize! American Labor Posters</i> (review) | Robert D. Singer (https://openalex.org/A5001344089) | 2,009 | Reviewed by: Agitate! Educate! Organize! American Labor Posters Robert Singer (bio) By Lincoln Cushing and Timothy W. Drescher (Cornell University Press, 2009) There are too many lost images in cultural labor history fusing the aesthetic with political that must be retrieved for a new engaged audience. The social protest poster now has an exquisitely documented Drescher's book, Posters. Not only is this skillfully designed informative of graphic tradition associated movement—and all its violent glory—but timely book also recaptures largely displaced artistic tradition, as general histories more often engage traditional narratives, such personal story or forms reportage, while relegating art spirited rebellion it engenders to footnotes passing references. As authors state: "These posters results people's efforts, products labor" (185), plays vital role retrieving history. progressive movement America own form iconic symbols slogans. In extensively researched text, make case socially poster. This registers documents eleven chapters, ranging from introduction activist poster, concluding chapter on prominence art-agitator. Whether detailing life murder Joe Hill other activists tenth chapter, "History, Heroes, Martyrs" (161), against Iraq Afghanistan Wars sixth "War, Peace, Internationalism"(98), recalls cause moment. These represent communal acts courage serve records past struggles civil rights anti-war demonstrations. stands counter-distinction corporate-military structures challenges. According authors, "Posters very democratic medium have been readily embraced by those concerned organizing supporting working people" (5). Now, lovers, academics, students, reader access confrontations experiences. enormous educational value. Students will discover politically stirring graphics learn about subsequent confronted work-related [End Page 61] among two hundred fifty others features, which serves response representation inequity. fourth "Women," exceptionally effective. note, "Not surprisingly, exploitation motivated particularly strong concerning women work," these most unique they indicate complex, gendered historical process presence power (50-63). artful designs posters, some not seen decades public, valuable engaging represent. anti-discrimination 1945, "Knock him out! can do it" one example, oversized metaphorical fist slams into figure representing labor-related biases (69). Posters, poster-as-political-art reveals language free gender generally accompany how we memory. One important discoveries when reading involves recalling our representation, but value both modern contemporary world. Professor English at Kingsborough, CUNY Liberal Studies Graduate Center. His areas expertise include interdisciplinary research film aesthetics comparative studies. Copyright © 2009 Radical Teacher | review | en | Glory|Labor history|Politics|American literature|American history|Culture of the United States|History|Political science|Sociology|Labor relations|Art|Law|Literature|Anthropology|Physics|Optics | https://doi.org/10.1353/rdt.0.0057 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1969960077', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/rdt.0.0057', 'mag': '1969960077'} | Iraq | C144024400 | Sociology | Radical Teacher |
<i>Amaranthus palmeri</i>, a second record for Africa and notes on <i>A. sonoriensis</i> nom. nov. | Duilio Iamonico (https://openalex.org/A5077102506)|Ridha El Mokni (https://openalex.org/A5016342335) | 2,017 | Background: Amaranthus is a critical genus from taxonomic point of view because its high phenotypic variability, which has led to nomenclatural disorder, misapplication names, and erroneous species identification. As whole, floristic studies on this are still incomplete. Objectives: The main objective was record the North American palmeri in Tunisia for first time out second occurrence Africa. At same time, we highlight some confusion concerning name A. var. glomeratus appears be untypified should treated at rank. Method: work based field surveys, analysis relevant literature examination specimens preserved herbaria GH, FI, HFLA, K, MICH, NEBC, NY, MO, P, RO, US, Herbarium Bizerta University. Results: A population discovered Province, representing national flora. This also represents Morphological characters, as well ecological data provided. Nomenclatural notes provided (lectotype here designated; isolectotypes MICH US), new (A. sonoriensis) proposed. Conclusion: an alien Tunisia, growing along roadsides public gardens. Future monitoring populations found will necessary verify possible naturalisation spreading Tunisia. If happens, actions eradication plants necessary. | article | en | Herbarium|Genus|Biology|Population|Confusion|Taxon|Geography|Zoology|Ecology|Demography|Psychology|Sociology|Psychoanalysis | https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v47i1.2100 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2589566189', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v47i1.2100', 'mag': '2589566189'} | Tunisia | C144024400 | Sociology | Bothalia|DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)|INFM-OAR (INFN Catania) |
<i>Animal Characters: Nonhuman Beings in Early Modern Literature</i> (review) | Tomas Zahora (https://openalex.org/A5072595620) | 2,011 | Reviewed by: Animal Characters: Nonhuman Beings in Early Modern Literature Tomas Zahora Boehrer, Bruce Thomas, (Haney Foundation), Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2010; cloth; pp. 256; 8 b/w illustrations; R.R.P. US$49.95, £32.50; ISBN 9780812242492. Even when speaking for themselves, animals literature represent human understanding – humans their relationship with nature, moral concerns. Taken together, qualities ascribed to amount literary characters that can tell us, as Boehrer demonstrates, about paradigmatic shifts representation character, the most important which is marked by Cartesian delimitation what it means be human. Descartes’s inward focus on ability think distinguishing characteristic humanity marks beginning would result flourishing novel a genre. But breakdown worldview came crisis defining boundaries and that, character. argues study offers useful perspective from both development character its crisis. His chosen method ‘a set interrelated zooliterary histories’ (p. 3), aim ‘to sketch bit western history studying concepts standpoint interspecies relations’ 27). Characters book metamorphoses transformations animal representations show us transient nature models used describe some surprising continuities. An inseparably connected tradition chivalry, horse fitting marker rise fall heroic romance. Reading works Pulci, Boiardo, Ariosto, Tasso, Shakespeare, Milton, contrasts end-stage courtly romance embodied potential human-like setting (Baiardo Ariosto’s Orlando furioso) [End Page 169] Shakespeare Milton where no longer given recognizable Although parrots were known West during Middle Ages, was not until fifteenth century they became relatively common appearance mimic voices underwent transformation wonderment annoyingly repetitive parroting. In tandem, observes, etymological symbolic association papacy moved Reformation an emphasis repetitive, mindless performance Catholic liturgy. third chapter, brings world torture, burning, killing cats viewed entertainment or could ward off evil. shows how Protestantism, far abandoning practice, translated attack Catholicism: tortured burned all same, but rather than warding evil represented backwardness corruption Church. When encountering turkey, explorers classified exotic looking bird, terms familiar, variety peacock. The ensuing species transference resulted turkey inheriting peacock’s characteristics (regality, delicacy, also vanity pride) discovery culinary rapid spread consumption among middle classes devolution festive food, tastes gluttony. ‘Vulgar sheepe’ English explores are essential, metaphor-clad element bucolic descriptions, well commodity bought, sold, stolen suffer mildew rot. Yet urbanization, contingent enclosure opening land sheep, created environment themes idealized, ‘real’ sheep described. Boehrer’s treatment quotidian lucid engaging, his intimate portrayals contexts convincing. effect book, however, weakened several factors. near-absence Ages understandable chronological scope (1400–1700), substantial reference considerable medieval discourse on... | review | en | Character (mathematics)|Humanity|Flourishing|Anthropocentrism|Representation (politics)|Literature|Perspective (graphical)|Human animal|Sketch|Sociology|History|Philosophy|Environmental ethics|Art|Psychology|Theology|Politics|Law|Biology|Social psychology|Political science|Livestock|Ecology|Geometry|Mathematics|Algorithm|Computer science|Visual arts | https://doi.org/10.1353/pgn.2011.0121 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2064167294', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/pgn.2011.0121', 'mag': '2064167294'} | Turkey | C144024400 | Sociology | Parergon |
<i>Anthropologists in Arms: The Ethics of Military Anthropology</i> (review) | Robert Albro (https://openalex.org/A5065763012) | 2,011 | Reviewed by: Anthropologists in Arms: The Ethics of Military Anthropology Robert Albro (bio) George R. Lucas Jr. Anthropology. Lanham, MD: Altamira Press, 2009. 234 pp. Paper, $24.95. Lucas's book was published at a moment high controversy the American Anthropological Association as its membership actively debated what role—if any—anthropologists should play U.S. military's ongoing efforts Afghanistan and Iraq. still lingers. This debate reacquainted discipline with long-standing not altogether resolved tensions over relation between academic practicing anthropologists; appropriate sources applications disciplinary knowledge; discipline's relationship to critique both power state; and, course, interpretation ethics. Entering fray, Lucas—who hangs his hat Stockdale Center for Ethical Leadership Naval Academy—uses methods applied philosophy tools professional ethicist self-effacingly often sensibly engage about how it conducts own internal dialogues construes Not an anthropologist himself, provides timely helpful extra-disciplinary account. He is well informed treats anthropological preoccupations respect. But given critical distance, he does accept these face value. Instead, compares terms anthropology's other conceptualizations academic, civic, social responsibility, just wars, ethical standards disciplines. While anthropologists are unlikely agree everything has say, service, observer [End Page 267] conversant concerns while subjecting sometimes parochial debates broader assessment. In this process helps widen universe discussion by encouraging us collectively scrutinize basic assumptions underlying our sense moral responsibilities: anthropologists, scientists, citizens, human beings. For work, be commended. most provocative when examining ways which chooses tell story. describes "collective self-consciousness" (69) that includes "litany shame" (25) supposed complicities military view have "outsized mythological significance" (56). point fact, gently suggests, history we made it. Despite regular invocation infamous Vietnam-era Project Camelot key historical precedent, example, no were fact integral discussing prohibition against "secret clandestine" research. Most notably chapter 6, examines convictions secrecy sets them alongside secrecy's evident role discussions history. points out concern among appears possibility espionage, same. also suggests principle, cannot simply dismissed unprofessional. differentiates per se morally objectionable intentions behind discusses appropriateness inappropriateness clandestinity, deception, being public, classified intention victimize, protect anonymity, complete withholding research (including results), uses "double blind" experiments sciences, nuances. By unpacking considering different varieties secrecy, encourages productive redirection bugbear, from status self-evident dictum toward greater attention people actually do, might part (though assume). short, "practice," noting perceived disconnect talk do. helpfully reminds insular ones, too much time spent talking ourselves ourselves. These nuances lead question apparent elision 268] rejection all forms government work. Many reach author's... | review | en | Discipline|Sociology|Power (physics)|Medical anthropology|Anthropology|Environmental ethics|Social science|Philosophy|Physics|Quantum mechanics | https://doi.org/10.1353/cla.2011.0007 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2002706558', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/cla.2011.0007', 'mag': '2002706558'} | Iraq | C144024400|C159483092 | Medical anthropology|Sociology | Collaborative Anthropologies |
<i>Anthropology and Global Counterinsurgencency</i> (review) | Paul Doughty (https://openalex.org/A5042280130) | 2,010 | Reviewed by: Anthropology and Global Counterinsurgencency Paul L. Doughty John D. Kelly, Beatrice Jauregui, Sean T. Mitchell Jeremy Walton, eds., Counterinsurgencency. University of Chicago Press, 2010. 383 pp. This ambitious collection twenty-two chapters is accompanied by a general introduction with short ones at the beginning each its five sections, authored editors. The book results from funded conference presentations an American Anthropological Association panel. It packed interesting, sometimes obscure information sure to stimulate discussion. editors describe volume as placing anthropology in context "new stress on relationship among anthropology, governance, war" (leading me ask: Why not peace well?). 22 contributors address ethical problems confronted anthropologists they conduct research modern warfare international localized power relations. By so doing, reflect upon "world Pax Americana" how that translates this century. Emphasizing received no " funding US military, including Minerva funding," note their [End Page 691] include several who have or are participating military actions. Their perspectives set amidst those other social scientists discuss cases differing viewpoints. Treating "hot button" issue for tall order course, if reason than it centers topics been debated decades: issues concerning anthropologist's relationships under study, about doing harm such persons result research, having informed consent, principled nature anthropological who, anyone, served outside discipline. involvement Iraq Afghanistan, human terrain action participation promoting hegemonic agendas featured detail, starting book's introductory chapter. cum authors assert, following Max Weber, "political will be plural. And united rigorous comparative attention empirical detail. Science cannot render political value judgments, but good judgments...it necessary." They consider competent ethnography essential decision-making policy. therefore seen key "pursuit world safe differences." But what China, US, Iraq, any society desires self-determinate, wants? Unfortunately, goal "difference" shared quite few xenophobic, ethnocentric nations whose state cultures accept own particular configuring things role therein ideal. A problem lurks elevation primary status because, described here, seems reduce discipline being method discovery, showing inevitable pathway truth. Although allow science evaluate values, nevertheless, form undercurrent running through volume. approach then, methodology—as opposed discipline—that anchored around theoretical concepts tested understandings cultural systems operate. illustration example, online business website extols that: "Ethnography versatile tool, fitting many different needs...ask yourself, do we need?" Perhaps right fit you" (/www.contextresearch.com). appear subscribe aphorism facts speak themselves," 692] equally everyone? Dustin Wax notes her chapter "allegiance can shape ethnographer's observations" these data used. Obviously, one's affiliations produce biased interpretations, anthropologist should know proverbial "git-go." There indeed, heart great constant dilemma ethics, which all papers revolve. authors, working widely varying contexts places, adhere classic working... | review | en | Context (archaeology)|Viewpoints|Sociology|Anthropology|Power (physics)|History|Art|Physics|Archaeology|Quantum mechanics|Visual arts | https://doi.org/10.1353/anq.2010.0001 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2048631613', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/anq.2010.0001', 'mag': '2048631613'} | Iraq | C144024400 | Sociology | Anthropological Quarterly |
<i>Anti-Zionism and Antisemitism in the Contemporary World</i> (review) | James S. Diamond (https://openalex.org/A5055726856) | 1,992 | Volume 10. No.2 Winter 1992 139 The origins of the June 1967 war Quigley ascribes to false alarms imminent attack on Syria leaked by Israel itself (p. 159). Israeli leaders did not really view Egypt's removal UNEF troops from Sinai as a serious security threat. As for Syria, it had "only" shelled targets in and this peccadillo was summarily dispossessed its Golan Heights. Various military gurus are quoted effect that never been mortal danger . Explicit Arab verbal threats against Israel's existence their farreaching psychological overlooked. author questions legality Security Council Resolution 242, which calls withdrawal territories return peace, pointing out conditioning obligation withdraw recognition states, made attainment self-determination Palestinians effectively contingent acts others 170). However, "242" passed under Chapter 6 UN Charter, is binding member states. solutions, should find ways coerce into obeying international law. Not surprisingly, Palestine upholds right 1948 refugees, proposes de-Zionization (pp. 212-213). Jewish Agency government individually liable crimes, crimes humanity, practicing apartheid, they be brought justice. an attorney presenting legal case rather than analyst intent upon understanding only what happens but why happens. In sense book, although dealing with conflict burdened historical determinations, profoundly ahistorical. It evinces, moreoever, extreme pro-Arab anti-Israeli bias. Peter Demant Harry S. Truman Research Institute Hebrew University Anti-Zionism Antisemitism Contemporary World, edited Robert Wistrich. New York: York Press, 1990. 213 pp. n.p.l. "How do I hate thee? Let me count ways." With apologies Elizabeth Barrett Browning, might best way sum up import book. Based papers given at conference organized some years ago Affairs London, collection fifteen essays provides synoptic description varieties anti-Zionism manifest today's world. Surveyed here range anti-Israel perspectives operative, 140 SHOFAR first, Communist Leftist doctrine political strategy, through canards expressed Muslim, Arab, Third Worlds, visible audible respect Israel-bashing West. reading pleasant, does diminish value or importance detailed here. dual focus title-anti-Zionism antisemitism-establishes implicit conceptual q~estion many contributors editor grapple: relationship between two? Is necessarily adumbration antisemitism? Can two ever dissociated ? Natan Lerner, writing about Latin American scene, notes: [A]nti-Zionism precisely same antisemitism manifestations may closely linked often appear simultaneously Obviously one lead other. ideological adversaries Zionism need have characteristics typical antisemites.... [But] when acts, deeds, arguments slogans purpose engendering hatred, hostility, discrimination, humiliation persecution towards Jews, then those antisemitic even if perpetrators claim anti-Zionists. 93) book collectively establish so. They demonstrate how negative images Jews Judaism originally articulated classical Christianity Islam hardened stereotypes continue permeate collective consciousness peoples cultures where both these religions flourished, however secularized anti-religious contemporary societies (viz., Russia). book's final essay, Yehuda Bauer concludes: When we discuss anti-Zionism, therefore thrown back basic questions: Why Jews? particular "prejudice" so time-resistant to... | review | en | Law|Charter|Zionism|Obligation|Anti-Zionism|Political science|Judaism|Antisemitism|Knesset|Jewish state|Palestinian refugees|Refugee|Economic Justice|The Holocaust|Sociology|Politics|Theology|Philosophy|Jewish studies|Parliament | https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.1992.0032 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1979840770', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.1992.0032', 'mag': '1979840770'} | Israel|Palestine|Syria | C139621336|C144024400 | Economic Justice|Sociology | Shofar |
<i>Apocalyptic Thought in Early Christianity</i> (review) | Francis X. Gumerlock (https://openalex.org/A5038254306) | 2,010 | Reviewed by: Apocalyptic Thought in Early Christianity Francis X. Gumerlock Robert J. Daly , editor ChristianityHoly Cross Studies Patristic Theology and HistoryGrand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2009 Pp. 303. Fifteen scholars of early art history contributed essays for this rich compilation new research patristic eschatology. The studies mainly focus upon communities texts from eastern Christianity. Theodore Stylianopoulos shows that the Book Revelation teaches not only fearful judgment but divine grace as well. Bogdan Bucar examines Jewish apocalyptic ideas appear Christology pneumatology, while Brian Daley demonstrates church second through sixth centuries themes became increasingly christocentric. Hieromonk Alexander Golitzin discloses eschatological Macarian homilies, Ute Possekel investigates last things Syrian community around Bardaisan (d. 222). A. Cerrato presents a unique study relationship antichrist to baptismal catechesis by Hippolytus Cyril Jerusalem, Dragos-Andrei Giulea discusses dimensions paschal mystery pseudo-Hippolytan In sanctum Pascha. John McGuckin adds an elucidating perspective on eschatology Cap-padocian fathers. Georgia Frank informs readers about vivid images hymns Romanos Melodist, namely Death Hades vomiting up dead when Christ descended into underworld. Elijah Nicholas Mueller explains how Damascus envisioned human destiny angelic communion with God. Lorenzo DiTommaso, looking at Christian Daniel apocalypses, their various forms reflect concerns particular times. [End Page 155] A most helpful essay is "Turning Points Exegesis" Bernard McGinn. First, it transition materialistic chiliastic readings Apocalypse more spiritualized interpretations. While other writers documenting usually use Origen Tyconius representatives, McGinn displays shift also using Hippolytus, Methodius, Victorinus, some whom did totally escape chiliasm, illustrate trend away it. Second, Points" confirms one main arguments Charles Hill's Regnum Caelorum, i.e. Christians third were entirely chiliast, sometimes asserted. Literature those replete non-chiliast Third, McGinn's contains very useful update scholarship related fragments attributed allegedly stem lost commentary his. New are being discovered, isolated Prigent Stehly 1970s considerable caution. This confirmed my doubt over authenticity fragment Rev 7.4–8 found Arabic interprets 144,000 Jews who escaped first-century siege Jerusalem. Two chapters art, first Herrmann Annewies van den Hoek, Nancy Patterson Sevcenko, contain seventy photographs coins, mosaics, earthenware, sarcophagi, illustrated manuscripts. Whether displaying enthroned Lamb, or "the sign Son Man heaven" (Matt 24.30) which has been interpreted many cross, photos give breadth our knowledge beliefs eschaton. cases they portray ancients future differently us. For example, Byzantine illustrations Last Judgment Sevcenko's chapter, stream fire flows returning Christ. Inspired Ps 96.3—"A shall go before him"—and Dan 7.10, ubiquitous feature drawings Byzantines indicates prominent place held perceptions regarding glorious fateful day. still fertile field study. decade saw English alone publication DiTommaso's work apocryphal literature, volume William Weinrich another Judith Kovacs Christopher Rowland exegesis Revelation, W. Shelton's Hippolytus's commentary, Panayiotis Tzamalikos's treatise Origen's eschatology, Van Slyke's book the... | review | en | Revelation|Eschatology|Early Christianity|Theology|Christianity|Philosophy|Christology|New Testament|Judaism|Church Fathers|Literature|History|Art | https://doi.org/10.1353/earl.0.0306 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2045582661', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/earl.0.0306', 'mag': '2045582661'} | Syria | C111936747 | Early Christianity | Journal of Early Christian Studies |
<i>Approaching God: The Way of Abraham Joshua Heschel</i> (review) | John T. Pawlikowski (https://openalex.org/A5059227675) | 2,010 | Reviewed by: Approaching God: The Way of Abraham Joshua Heschel John T. Pawlikowski Heschel, by C. Merkle. Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 2009. 121 pp. $19.95. Merkle is considered one the foremost Christian interpreters thought Heschel. A professor theology at College Saint Benedict and John's University in Minnesota, he likewise director joint Center on Christian-Jewish relations supported Thomas St. Paul University. has been a student Heschel's throughout his academic career. In 1985 authored major study titled Genesis Faith: Depth Theology current [End Page 178] volume somewhat abridged version material from that though revised form. It written an engaging popular style with hope making accessible to less scholarly audience students interested lay persons. book focuses three central aspects thought: (1) Why we can affirm reality revelation God; (2) How human community should respond (3) why acceptance religious diversity be seen as part God's will. With few exceptions merely offers exposition thinking these core theological issues without him critical discussion. But overall leaves impression finds perspectives areas very beneficial for all believers not members Jewish community. begins this brief short history educational background. He emphasizes had thorough training modern Yiddish academy Vilna philosophical Berlin, where completed doctoral dissertation prophetic consciousness 1935, published Die Prophetie. Merkle's point was able bring together insights creative fashion. underlines fact based far more experience than metaphysical abstraction. became convinced God affected creatures even sharing suffering, rather "unmoved mover," so prominent Greek-inspired theology. One area view significant potential dialogue relates perspective prophets. For prophets Israel show direct involvement suffering sorrow. insists participates actually experiences suffering. may open door constructive discussion divine incarnation between Jews Christians. also gives considerable attention understanding regarding divine-human partnership caring creation bringing about its ultimate redemption. regards notion "divine omnipotence" non-Jewish idea blocks us grasping profundity role accepted self-imposed limit power order insure humanity integral creating redeeming. key infinite compassion unending love control. 179] Chapter Four particularly relevant interreligious dialogue. Here discusses claim authentic will God. This rooted firm insistence indeed one. believed make religion end itself idolatrous. most sacred foundational events tradition cannot absolutized. transcends such revelatory events. terms "radical monotheism." While affirms will, strongly rejects any plural... | review | en | Theology|SAINT|Faith|Philosophy|Judaism|Sociology|History|Art history | https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.2010.0090 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1993606848', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.2010.0090', 'mag': '1993606848'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Shofar |
<i>Argentine Jews or Jewish Argentines? Essays on Ethnicity, Identity, and Diaspora</i> (review) | Beatrice D. Gurwitz (https://openalex.org/A5037928493) | 2,012 | Reviewed by: Argentine Jews or Jewish Argentines? Essays on Ethnicity, Identity, and Diaspora Beatrice D. Gurwitz Raanan Rein . Diaspora, Leiden: Brill, 2010. Pp. 286. Paper $152.46. ISBN 9004179135. In the preface to this collection of essays, describes a Passover Seder he attended in Buenos Aires few years back. The Jewish-Argentine guests ate traditional Ashkenazi fare sang holiday songs "broken Hebrew," all while sneaking glances at soccer game that played background. This anecdote, other similar ones, aptly set stage for book calls attention hybridity identities. With thorough survey extant literature, thoughtful analysis trajectory field over past fifty years, argues literature date "Latin American Jewry" has generally over-emphasized identity expense Latin American. pioneers were Israeli scholars, who lacked understandings broader context focused mostly anti-Semitism, growth Zionism, Israeli-Latin relations. collaborative work with Jeffrey Lesser, proposes renovation starts viewing population question as Jewish-Latin stress "national without denying possibility Diasporic identity" (3). identifies promising developments regard. last twenty Americanists, trained historians, anthropologists, sociologists, have turned their experience continent. is prime example: an historian whose earliest considered modern Spanish history, but now researched written extensively Argentines. first essay his growing number colleagues recognize communities, like ethnic groups, are internally diverse part national stories. He rejects essentialism, overemphasis assumption unbendingly loyal Israel. addition, consideration identities those [End Page 133] Americans made Aliya. also hopeful proposals might inspire renaissance studies America's many groups. subsequent essays community fulfill goals. They ordered chronologically, spanning twentieth century. every case, political social great detail so explain actions meticulously researched, reflecting exhaustive reading secondary various primary sources including governmental documents, diplomatic records, memoirs, oral histories, American, Israeli, Argentine, press. several tackles Argentines perpetually burdened by anti-Semitism—as must establish felt quite attached nation. Those claim pervasive anti-Semitism Argentina often point nation's neutrality during World War II entrance Nazi war criminals after War. makes good use expertise foreign relations Peronist regime debunk these assumptions. While there some sympathizers circles power war, was primarily rooted economic interests rejection United States hegemony. Similarly, portrayal safe-haven Nazis been overblown due notoriety Eichmann Mengele. emphasizes relationship between local Perón not hostile portrayed. Many ardent Peronists even if majority not. Nonetheless, institutions worked diligently erase history any friendly when winds changed Perón's overthrow. considers how negotiation time. offers close Zionist periodical published 1920s 1930s wealthy Sephardi Jews... | review | en | Diaspora|Jewish identity|Judaism|Zionism|Ethnic group|Context (archaeology)|Identity (music)|Latin Americans|Population|Jewish studies|History|National identity|Genealogy|Religious studies|Gender studies|Humanities|Anthropology|Sociology|Art|Political science|Law|Demography|Politics|Philosophy|Archaeology|Aesthetics | https://doi.org/10.1353/jji.2012.0014 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2082022015', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/jji.2012.0014', 'mag': '2082022015'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Journal of Jewish Identities |
<i>Armed Struggle and the Search for State: The Palestinian National Movement, 1949-1993</i> (review) | Michael Barnett (https://openalex.org/A5051458649) | 2,000 | Book Reviews 169 Armed Struggle and the Search for State: The Palestinian National Movement, 1949-1993, by Yezid Sayigh. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1997. 953 pp. $99.00. Sayigh's 1949-1993 is perhaps definitive account on subject of national movement. A leading scholar Middle Eastern politics professor at University, Sayigh has produced a panoramic nuanced study that charts life movement through its turning points between-from origins with diaspora in 1948/49, to establishment Liberation Organization 1964, revolutionary years between 1967 1973 wars, PLO's steady attempt build state without territory during 1970s 1980s, much anticipated return Palestine signing ofthe 1993 Oslo Accords. Based hundreds interviews leaders rank-and-file, volumes ofprimary documents internal memos from various political guerilla organizations, thorough reading secondary literature, this an exhaustive very well written book leaves reader debt dogged determination skillful analysis. What distinguishes crowd depth breadth, analytic narrative he uses fashion historical materials. In his effort cover events shaped history movement, provides airing background conditions motivations informed decisions ultimate outcome event question. Arguably most novel aspect here detailed dealings within nationalist including struggles both PLO key constituencies those outside organization. Many works assess roles motives different players; few actually convincingly do so. details are overarching makes two central claims. first armed struggle "provided impulse organizational dynamic evolution identity formation parastatal institutions bureaucratic elite, nucleus government " (p. vii). struggle, other words, had significant effects extended beyond stated or strategic goal conflict Israel. Indeed, decision use violent rather than diplomatic means oftentimes compromised if not completely undercut ability obtain publicly declared objectives. Yet struggle's enduring legacy was help defme identity. Social scientists historians have long noted how violence wars been nation formation, observing 170 SHOFAR Winter 2000 Vol. 18, No.2 these processes group fonnation boundary drawing; real contribution noting similar process unfolded here. Anned moreover, helped distinguish Arab states actors. Whereas once infused politics, Palestine, over time there clearer demarcation separation two. Although many factors led them become disentangled enabled peel itselfaway grasp states, anned process. This cost movement; more differentiated separated itselffrom less likely were ready sacrifice support PLO. Two questionsjump out discussion relationship struggle. First, ifanned identity, then might constitutive feature favored policies repertoires? fonns ofcollective action protest considered dismissed? certain selected because they "efficient" but instead viewed as legitimate... | review | en | Politics|State (computer science)|Diaspora|Palestine|Political science|Movement (music)|Subject (documents)|Law|Narrative|Media studies|History|Sociology|Ancient history|Literature|Art|Library science|Aesthetics|Algorithm|Computer science | https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.2000.0006 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2056007698', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.2000.0006', 'mag': '2056007698'} | Israel|Palestine|State of Palestine | C144024400 | Sociology | |
<i>Asian Religions in British Columbia</i> (review) | Patricia E. Roy (https://openalex.org/A5040054083) | 2,010 | Reviewed by: Asian Religions in British Columbia Patricia E. Roy Larry DeVries, Don Baker, and Dan Overmyer, eds. Columbia. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2010. x + 310 pp. Notes. Suggested Readings, Index. Photographs. $85.00 hc; $32.95 sc. Three editors eleven other contributors have done yeoman service surveying the myriad complex religious activity today. Apart from editors’ brief introduction conclusion, book is organized geographically by region of origin—South Asia, Southeast East Central Asia. In each geographic section, individual essays examine broad categories religions including Buddhism, Islam, Christianity. Generally this for specific ethnic groups. Thus, example, there are on “Making Sikh Space,” “Vietnamese Buddhist Organizations,” “Tibetan Religions.” Within most faiths many divisions; about 250 groups been identified A few members they describe; knowledgeable Religious Studies scholars but not adherents religion(s) discuss. The grounded relevant literature, also draw authors’ interviews with leaders. Parts some read almost like inventories such institutions: churches, temples, monasteries, organizations. Some details may seem tedious, will be valuable as records these institutions, especially smaller informal ones whose existence fleeting. Many include physical descriptions buildings—whether a spectacular piece architecture Temple Divine Light Radha House group at Kootenay Bay, recycled Christian church, or unobtrusive private homes which small meet. Accounts services activities, communal [End Page 285] meals, often included. So too problems need trained clergy difficulty replacing immigrant generation younger people lack language skills to comprehend do find relevance religion. Through cross references showing contrasts comparisons between among groups, succeeded their objective illustrating diversity life, while what common. it noted that Vietnamese Buddhism was influenced China India has much common Chinese Japanese its own distinctive characteristics. cases, beliefs trumped identity. Most Zoroastrians either Parsis Iranians. Despite differences ritual language, worked together, rather than forming separate associations. Similarly, Myanmar Thai Buddhists jointly established vihara (monastery place where an image Buddha installed). instances, identity more important. Thailand Laos different ideas role culture community involvement historic conflicts respective homelands. sketch history particular faith short outline philosophy. More longer capsule studies main tenets major would make even useful those seeking understand religions. Another theme religion adaptation immigrants. picture varied. For some, institutions offer children can maintain customs homeland or, new immigrants, receive social help them adjust Canada. Not all however, provide services. Attachment varies. Whereas Sikhs, Hindus, Tibetans, emigration stimulated interest politics, “double-diaspora” Muslims, origins were who came Fiji Africa, no expectation returning. While co-operating actively participate Canadian adopt ways giving women mosque. Koreans distinct. Protestant Christians before emigrating churches allow “to Korean become Canadian”(165). Few proselytize, many... | review | en | Buddhism|Islam|Vietnamese|Christianity|History|Ethnic group|Religious studies|Anthropology|Sociology|Archaeology|Philosophy|Linguistics | https://doi.org/10.1353/ces.2010.0031 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1967940456', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/ces.2010.0031', 'mag': '1967940456'} | Iran | C144024400 | Sociology | Canadian Ethnic Studies |
<i>Atrocity, Punishment, and International Law</i> (review) | Jeremy Sarkin (https://openalex.org/A5062854241) | 2,008 | Reviewed by: Atrocity, Punishment, and International Law Jeremy Sarkin (bio) Mark A. Drumbl , (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007), 320 pp. It is estimated that the number of people killed over last hundred years as a result actions considered international crimes more than 170 million.1 Countries [End Page 1028] where mass atrocity has occurred during twentieth century include Armenia, Bosnia, Burundi, China, Democratic Republic Congo, Ethiopia, Guatemala, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Nigeria, Pakistan, Rwanda, Soviet Union, Sri Lanka, Turkey, Uganda. While various components law required to deal with such have existed for some time, one major weaknesses human rights humanitarian systems been enforcement. 2 The community took few steps, except perhaps in decade half, hold responsible parties accountable at level. In general, accountability violations did not often occur, even domestically, until quite recently.3 domestic trials taken place since Nuremburg 1940s, 1993 when Criminal Tribunal former Yugoslavia (ICTY) 1994 Rwanda (ICTR) were established, no criminal tribunal punish those crimes.4 Initially, justice system was ad hoc nature, but establishment Court (ICC) created permanent court, albeit only crimes.5 ratification court statute by 100 countries influenced import statute's standards well legal principles into law. use hybrid courts (joint courts) Cambodia, Kosovo, East Timor, Sierra Leone6 useful extent dealing country-specific atrocities which an on its own, far from scene conflict, would had difficulty addressing. Many new courts, including Extraordinary Chambers Special Panels Leone, Kosovo increasingly national judges applying both As formation 1993, general specifically dramatically grown substance stature. Developments affect tribunals also apply literature laws institutions burgeoned. However, study punishments field area remains underdeveloped. 1029] this broad Drumbl's Punishment contributes. qualified evaluate these questions. He Class 1975 Alumni Professor Washington Lee University's School Director School's Transnational Institute. taught advanced courses well-known speaker issues relating justice, media. This book already received Association (US National Section) Book Year Prize 2007. deals question sentencing tribunals, understudied law.7 Two questions drive book, first descriptive second normative: 1) How do we who commit genocide, against humanity, or discrimination-based war crimes? 2) should individuals? critically examines sentences handed down their reasons doing so, effectiveness sanctions visà-vis purported goals promoting retribution deterrence. provides suggestions improvements system. empirical research leads him conclude current paradigm fails meet intended goals. Thus, his aim "locate principled middle... | review | en | Tribunal|Law|Political science|International law|Human rights|Amnesty|War crime|International community|Ratification|Criminal law|Genocide|Politics | https://doi.org/10.1353/hrq.0.0048 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2004416999', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/hrq.0.0048', 'mag': '2004416999'} | Iraq|Turkey | C169437150 | Human rights | Human Rights Quarterly |
<i>Bad Strategies: How Major Powers Fail in Counterinsurgency</i> (review) | Andrew J. Birtle (https://openalex.org/A5053391343) | 2,009 | Reviewed by: Bad Strategies: How Major Powers Fail in Counterinsurgency Andrew J. Birtle Counterinsurgency. By James S. Corum. Minneapolis, Minn.: Zenith Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-7603-3080-7. Maps. Notes. Index. Pp. 304. $28.00. In his latest book, Dr. Corum presents a generally lucid analysis of why nations waging counterinsurgencies sometimes fail. He shows how bad policies and errant strategies, dysfunctional organizational arrangements, flawed decision making processes have led countries to lose wars that they should won. Four case studies act as the foil for study—the Algerian Civil War 1954-1962, Cyprus Rebellion 1955-1959, Vietnam 1954-1975, war Iraq from 2003 up time writing (the fall 2007). Although he does not present pat model success deference counterinsurgency's complex nature, identifies twelve issues nation counterinsurgency would do well address if it is obtain successful outcome. Among these are necessity setting obtainable goals, wisdom seeking compromise political settlements, perils posed when an unhealthy relationship exists between civil military policymakers. The book highly readable lends itself being used primer on subject. As typical works this genre, however, cites practically no primary sources, diminishing its value scholars who will find little new terms historical content. author's reliance secondary sources also leads him follow stereotypes, myths, interpretations may serve well. my opinion, chapter best, while section profitably examines conflict often escapes examination. Corum's treatment current both interesting depressing, but handicapped by fact coverage necessarily ends mid-2007 before results "surge" were in. I feel author always take into consideration countervailing views. For example, balance condemnation disband Iraqi Army with full discussion either reasons action or possible negative consequences keeping personnel associated past repression place. Consequently, reader comfortable objective be has adhered pledge base judgments exclusively what was known at time. weakest one Vietnam. vastly underestimates challenges facing Diem early 1950s 1960s. Surprisingly, makes effort examine critical choices war, depose Diem—a that, regardless whether agrees not, certainly had disastrous effect. incorrectly portrays insurgency purely internal affair, reducing North during years innocent bystander. overlooking guiding role played very start, skewed picture conflict. states U.S. leadership refused view counterinsurgency. properly condemns limited war/gradual escalation strategy adequately probe factors conduct [End Page 1030]war way did. make sufficient efforts opposing viewpoints. Thus, heaps praise Marine Combined Action Platoon (CAP) concept uncritically. could replicated CAP program throughout using only 28,000 men. A 1967 Defense Department study reported such undertaking required 167,000 combat troops. more optimistic 1969 RAND report pegged requirement 78,000 infantrymen—an unobtainable sum considers 54,000 infantrymen citation troop estimate Vietnamese history mention... | review | en | Compromise|Politics|Political science|Spanish Civil War|Law|CITES|Political economy|History|Law and economics|Sociology|Fishery|Biology | https://doi.org/10.1353/jmh.0.0321 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2012873906', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/jmh.0.0321', 'mag': '2012873906'} | Algeria|Iraq | C144024400 | Sociology | The Journal of Military History |
<i>Ballroom, Boogie, Shimmy Sham, Shake: A Social and Popular Dance Reader</i> (review) | J. Ellen Gainor (https://openalex.org/A5090493990) | 2,011 | Reviewed by: Ballroom, Boogie, Shimmy Sham, Shake: A Social and Popular Dance Reader J. Ellen Gainor Reader. Edited by Julie Malnig. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2009; pp. 392. $75.00 cloth, $25.00 paper. In 1995, when Malnig published her first book Dancing Till Dawn: Century Exhibition Ballroom Dance, the field dance studies was just beginning to turn its attention analyses social popular forms, broadening critical scope beyond primary focus on classical ballet modern dance. folk dance, as well non-Western have for some time been explored within realm cultural anthropology. During past decade, however, confluence performance has drawn more scholarly integral relationship regional community identity formation around globe. For American context in particular, African studies, Latino/a gender sexuality also contributed research dance; this work revealed profound connections with our politics history, creating a rich provocative matrix intersecting concerns these still other fields. Burgeoning interest expanded parameters scholarship from multiple vantage points now prompted assemble collection essays devoted exclusively [End Page 135] dance: Focusing investigations collected nineteen dynamic that allow us understand key elements history culture through practices. Arranged chronologically thematically, pieces demonstrate not only methodological variety informing but how can effect interventions long-held beliefs about heritage. The latter is particularly at play collection's section, "Historical Precedents." Jurretta Jordan Heckscher Afro-Chesapeake slave Nadine George-Graves primitivity ragtime introduce one strongest through-lines volume: complex interplay European forms United States, colonial era continuing up present day. This line inquiry extends into Karen Hubbard Terry Monaghan Harlem's Savoy Tim Wall televised programs 1950s '60s, Halifu Osumare choreography Rennie Harris. parallel considers synergies Latin their evolution States culture, Yvonne Daniel rumba Cuban US contexts David Garcia "the mambo body" Havana, New York, Mexico City. Juliet McMains examines both commodification codification salsa established ballroom "DanceSport" (the term used competitive dance). Another group articles foregrounds issues class, sexuality, Americas highlight fabrics which dances are woven. Elizabeth Aldrich looks eighteenth- nineteenth-century ballrooms role civilizing emerging middle while parses contradictory images womanhood femininity played out 1910s. Carol Martin's essay marathons Lisa Doolittle's piece Trianon Alberta, Canada explore during economic desperation Great Depression. Lawrence 1970s urban disco Sally Sommer contemporary world underground house Christina Zanfagna focuses krumping hip-hop Los Angeles, May Gwin Waggoner Cajun zydeco Louisiana. section titles "Theatricalizations Forms" incorporates many transcultural influences styles. It interweaves them an exploration double life community-based practice vehicle public performance. Here, Barbara... | review | en | Dance|Ballroom|Contemporary dance|Modern dance|Concert dance|Context (archaeology)|Sociology|Folk dance|Gender studies|Art|Art history|Visual arts|History|Archaeology | https://doi.org/10.1353/tj.2011.0031 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2009930802', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/tj.2011.0031', 'mag': '2009930802'} | Jordan | C144024400 | Sociology | Theatre Journal |
<i>Binah: Studies in Jewish History, Thought, and Culture. Volume Three: Jewish Intellectual History in the Middle Ages</i> (review) | Joseph Davis (https://openalex.org/A5060723893) | 1,997 | Book Reviews 157 contemporaryJewish identity in which many Jewish men already identify Judaism with women. Such provocative questions are characteristic of this groundbreaking book so convincingly demonstrates that knowledge the roles gender differences have played inJewish assimilation past is essential to any understanding continuing saga ofJewish self-definition contemporary world. Judith R. Baskin State University New York at Albany Hinah: Studies History, Thought, and Culture. Volume Three: Intellectual History Middle Ages, edited byJoseph Dan. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1994. 200 pp. When I first entered graduate school studies, one my undergraduate professors, a historian ofmedieval science, gave me word ofadvice. "Never publish Hebrew," he said. "No knows Hebrew." Of course, nearly aU scholars studies know Hebrew, say nothing ofthe Israelis. But our students U.S., rare exceptions, do not. To them, Hebrew an unintelligible language indecipherable sCript. On account, we must thankJoseph Dan his collaborators for their volumes Binab, they presented English translations important scholarly articles were originally published Hebrew. The present volume ofBinab third such appear. two each ranged widely over history from ancient Israel day. focused, not too closely, on politicS, political thought, historical thought. second also very loosely, kabbalah focuses more narrowly medieval intellectual history. following volume: - Robert Bonfil, "Cultural Religious Traditions Ninth-Century French Jewry" Joseph Dan, "Kabbalistic Gnostic Dualism" Jose Maria Millas VaUicrosa, "The Beginnings Science among Jews Spain" Warren Zev Harvey, "Political Philosophy Halakhah Maimonides" 158 SHOFAR Winter 1997 Vol. 15, No.2 Sara Heller Wilensky, 'First Created Being' Early Kabbalah: Philosophical Isma'ilian Sources" . Yuval, "A German-Jewish Autobiography Fourteenth Century" Yitzhak Baer, "Rashi World Around Him" Gerald Blidstein, "Menahem Meiri's Attitude Gentiles-Apologetics or Worldview?" YoramJacobson, Image ofGod as Source ofMan's Evil, according Maharal Prague" Mordechai Pachter, Ethical Literature Sixteenth Century Safed" Jacob Elbaum, Influence Spanish-Jewish Culture Ashkenaz Poland Fifteenth through Seventeenth Centuries " In introduction, writes intended audience "the student university, who taking general 'Introduction Judaism' course studying specialized area civilization." However, spite best efforts translators editors, volume, it seems me, still require much advance be helpful beginning students. may appropriate Dan's group, is, advanced (or graduate) Judaism. quality varies. Most ofthem excellent; few wooden filled unidiomatic jargon. All (which, editors note, actually heavily adaptations original articles) great virtue, undergraduates-they short, between ten fifteen pages each, plus footnotes. impulse assign read recent implies desire teach method. factual material itselfcan generally taught effectively other ways. This being so, might suggest problem-eentered collection groups discussing same related would been useful. Perhaps future Binah take approach. Still, present, wide-ranging presents reader examples rigorous argument creative interpretation : Baer's article, example, model reading exegetical texts within hist~rical context. Bonfil recovers picture culture France Dark Ages careful single non-Jewish source. Millis Vallicrosa combines several scattered pieces of... | review | en | Hebrew|Judaism|Jewish history|Jewish studies|Jewish identity|Haskalah|Jewish literature|Classics|History|Politics|Intellectual history|Literature|Sociology|Theology|Philosophy|Law|Art|Political science|Economic history | https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.1997.0145 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2032059359', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.1997.0145', 'mag': '2032059359'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Shofar |
<i>Bodies, Texts, and Ghosts. Writing on Literature and Law in Colonial Latin America</i> (review) | Karen Stolley (https://openalex.org/A5008044406) | 2,012 | Reviewed by: Bodies, Texts, and Ghosts. Writing on Literature Law in Colonial Latin America Karen Stolley Marrero-Fente, Raúl. America. Lanham, MD: University P of America, 2010. 121 pp. With Raúl Marrero-Fente—author Epic, Empire, Community the Atlantic World (2008) addition to several other books, edited volumes, numerous essays—continues build his important contributions field Spanish American colonial studies Hispanic Transatlantic studies. Marrero-Fente explains preface that various essays included this volume use an interdisciplinary approach address three interrelated research topics—epic poetry, spectral agency, law Trans-Atlantic period. Each represents a close reading particular text (or, some instances, texts), informed by mastery broader context, whether it is classical medieval literary history, history or details given work’s publication trajectory. emphasizes need read writings as hybrid texts encompass wide range discourses—literary, legal, historical, geographical, ethnographical, rhetorical. He argues epic poetry overlooked genre key understanding transfer poetic, political, ideological models from Spain Americas, legal narratives should be “a kind discursive practice cultural dominance” (ix). Many Marrero-Fente’s arguments will familiar scholars They are grounded Roberto González Echevarría’s work forensic rhetoric one master archive Walter Mignolo’s epistemic difference manifested what he first called semiosis later developed border thinking. José Rabasa’s violence inscribed all discourse informs these essays, powerful call arms made Alvaro Félix Bolaños Gustavo Verdesio Colonialism Past Present for ethically-oriented [End Page 590] finds equally response linking closing essay Las Casas-Sepúlveda debate war Iraq. One might say ghosts haunt collection with whom engages rich productive dialogue. The five chapters book focus aspects area where has done work, most notably Silvestre de Balboa’s Espejo Paciencia. Chapter one, “Spectral Agency: Loss Work Mourning Literature,” posits presence letters both because its exclusion canon themes violence, crime, abuse. examines six nine poems view form corpus sixteenth-century epic, offering brief readings highlight ghostly figures, elegiac passages, oneiric sequences marking each poem. helps overarching argument recounts not triumphant conquest but rather act destruction cannot contained. In second chapter, “Phantom Scientific Knowledge Cultural Geography La Conquista del Perú (1538),” uses anonymous challenge conventional thinking about tradition, insisting American-themed strong (albeit unacknowledged) links classical, medieval, Renaissance models. notes period discovery Americas coincided transition development traces connection aesthetically morally through analysis figure Fortune temporally successive portraits Pizarro emerge discussion fundamental differences between how chronicles treat insightful, reflections navigation presented both... | review | en | Colonialism|Literature|Empire|Context (archaeology)|History|Law|Sociology|Political science|Art|Archaeology | https://doi.org/10.1353/rvs.2012.0064 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2046291417', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/rvs.2012.0064', 'mag': '2046291417'} | Iraq | C144024400 | Sociology | Revista de estudios hispánicos |
<i>Branching Out</i>: Second-Wave Feminist Periodicals and the Archive of Canadian Women’s Writing | Tessa Jordan (https://openalex.org/A5012040042) | 2,010 | Branching Out: Second-Wave Feminist Periodicals and the Archive of Canadian Women’s Writing Tessa Jordan (bio) Look, I push feminist articles as much can ... I’ve got a certain kind magazine. It’s not Ms. Out. Status Women News. Doris Anderson Rough Layout When Edmonton-based Magazine for (1973 to 1980) began its thirty-one-issue, seven-year history, was most prominent figure in women’s magazine publishing Canada. Indeed, her work journalist, editor, novelist, rights activist made one well-known faces movement. She chaired Advisory Council on from 1979 1981 president National Action Committee 1982 1984, but she is best known long-time editor Chatelaine, Canada’s longest lived mainstream magazine, which celebrated eightieth anniversary 2008. As Chatelaine’s 1957 1977, at forefront movement, editorials wide range issues, including legalizing abortion, birth control, divorce laws, violence against women, [End Page 63] women politics. passed away 2007, then Governor-General Adrienne Clarkson declared that “Doris terribly important second-wave because had it always thoughtful interesting things it” (quoted Martin). used vehicle advocacy, working within Maclean Hunter empire bring content readers. often-overlooked past has been analyzed by Valerie Korinek Roughing It Suburbs: Reading Chatelaine Fifties Sixties, published 2000. Korinek’s study “demonstrates gendered tensions often idealized suburban consumer society restores role growth feminism Canada” (23). Suburbs expands our understanding an iconic feminism. While surprising first book-length academic address connection between periodical press Chatelaine—because accessibility continued prominence among magazines—Chatelaine only small part story intersection may have “the women” Canada during Anderson’s tenure, radical enough many feminists. Beginning late-1960s, dozens hundreds explicitly periodicals were being across Better-known titles include Tessera, Room One’s Own (now Room), Fireweed, Broadside, Kinesis, Herizons, News, while lesser-known more The Pedestal, Other Woman, Prairie New Feminist, Northern On Our Way, Webspinner. In what follows, provide short cultural history national 1970s, Women. draw book archival research, interviews with Out participants tell ’s locate this remarkable 1970s 1980s women-in-print international movement 1960s rise paralleled other forms alternative publishing. During period, increasing numbers establish presses, houses, periodicals, bookstores ways countering exploitation media 64] reflection common belief, despite ideological differences feminists, power printed word. Publishing visual art literature alongside overtly political articles, sought done margins into centre producing general... | article | en | Politics|Publishing|Mainstream|Gender studies|Feminism|Sociology|History|Media studies|Law|Political science | https://doi.org/10.1353/esc.2010.0033 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1973633247', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/esc.2010.0033', 'mag': '1973633247'} | Jordan | C144024400 | Sociology | English Studies in Canada |
<i>Brecht and Political Theatre: The Mother on Stage</i> (review) | Timothy J. Schaffer (https://openalex.org/A5004506299) | 2,008 | Reviewed by: Brecht and Political Theatre: The Mother on Stage Timothy J. Schaffer Stage. By Laura Bradley. Oxford Modern Languages Literature Monographs Series. Oxford: University Press, 2006; pp. xii + 262. $125.00 cloth. In Stage, Bradley employs production history as a mode of analysis to explicate the ways numerous productions same work are variously realized. Drawing from an impressive array primary sources—including Brecht’s aesthetic, personal, theoretical writings, prompt scripts, newspaper reviews, audience accounts, testimonials many collaborators, internal government documents German Democratic Republic (GDR) including ministry reports Stasi records—Bradley follows through her bold claim made near beginning study that “the range depth this far exceed those most histories” (16). author demonstrates both mutability performance texts within differing sociopolitical contexts value method inquiry. Within broadly stated goal, focuses development political theatre, dissemination reception his staging methods, institutional Berliner Ensemble (BE), influence twentieth-century theatre in beyond Germany” These various tasks carried out over course five chapters, four which cover distinct eras history, fifth devoted significant non-German-language productions. way chronological organization, she successfully constructs identifiable “lines development, continuity, change theatre” (17). first chapter is concerned with premier Die Mutter provides foundation for later comparisons. More precisely, emphasizes interplay between contrasting structures, narratives, strategies, functions 1932 staging, considers “combines traditional ‘dramatic’ techniques more radical claims ‘epic’ form” (36). identifies catalyst recognition “political can activate only who predisposed share its interests” (56). Critical reactions effectively arranged highlight anti-formalist leftist establishment bourgeois critics shared opposition piece. mining vast records pertaining process, ranging source material critical reception, able make strong case emergence dialectical production. following chapters track differences original subsequent As such, second examines BE years 1951 1971. Here, establishes wielded by East government, yet also how was play’s antiwar message. Central consideration deficiencies previous studies Mutter, primarily failure note intensified agitation extent new approach reflected awareness widespread antipathy Communism GDR” (60). Throughout chapter, altered vision promote intersections among ideology, regime’s objectives, what he believed be greater good people, thus linking historical narrative aesthetic practice. third gives special attention two prominent stagings Berlin 1970 West 1974. tracks relationship cultural landscapes relates them artistic methodically compares contrasts terms concept, editing, acting style, demographics response. She “shift away socially inclusive 1951, towards . avant-garde experimentation intellectual elite at BE” (133). postmodern pastiche post-Soviet views Marxism socialism expressed staged during fall Wall up 2003. connections Iraq war... | review | en | German|Politics|History|Democracy|Newspaper|Political theatre|Literature|Media studies|Art history|Art|Sociology|Political science|Law|Archaeology | https://doi.org/10.1353/tj.0.0076 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2093856550', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/tj.0.0076', 'mag': '2093856550'} | Iraq | C144024400 | Sociology | Theatre Journal |
<i>Buddhism and Islam on the Silk Road</i> (review) | Yang Bin (https://openalex.org/A5030080341) | 2,011 | Reviewed by: Buddhism and Islam on the Silk Road Yang Bin Road. By Johan Elverskog. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2010. 384 pp. $69.95 (cloth). Religion constitutes a long-lasting inspiring field in world history, let alone interactions among religions. Religious tensions, conflicts, tolerance such as those between Christianity or Confucianism have been well studied, but few scholars paid attention to along This book successfully fills vacuum. Following introduction, chapter 1, "Contact," sets up background two Popular images modern contrast religions: peaceful, spiritual, refrained, while aggressive, materialist, pro-violence. conventional wisdom, however, is unable be tested either by history reality. On contrary, shared surprising similarities social for their own formation, expansion, feature, space, despite temporal gap about one millennium. Both emerged from turbulent society respectively that witnessed rise an urban merchant class. captured needs new commercial class whom had despised existing power structure. Speaking elites, religions gained extended influence through trading networks Roads. When Muslim rulers expanded into Central Asia India, Buddhists other heresies were largely tolerated, mainly because "the central role local economy" (p. 53). To some people's surprise, survived centuries longer under rule than Hindu spheres. Gradually, Islamic international, replaced its Buddhist counterpart. Chapter 2, "Understanding," discusses conceptualizations another over time based primary sources illustrates influences Islam, astronomy, mathematics, medicine, literature, so on. The accumulation knowledge, nevertheless, did not advance smoothly. Indeed, Buddhist-Muslim split when geographical divide was created formation three religio-economic units: world, Tantric Block around Inner Asia, Bengal Bay. no found rule, northwest India. In addition, prosperity maritime trade, increasing material exchanges, correspondingly facilitate religious understandings. reality might reverse. [End Page 825] 3, "Idolatry," examines cultural borrowings during Mongol period. While responses Mongols ambivalent due religious, economic, political considerations, Pax Mongolica provided opportunity many interact. Il-Khanid Iran both dynamics advancement knowledge international (Chinese, Tibet, Uyghur). A typical case examined here use visual culture Muslims, particularly representation Muhammad, propagate Islam. As such, began take practice idolatry, which it previously attacked. 4, "Jihad," moves hostile period after collapse Empire Muslims initiated holy war against Buddhists. Many socioeconomic reasons accounted drastic change Muslims. Six key movements transformations, namely, appearance Jihad rhetoric, Chinggisid principle, fragmentation, Islamization, urbanization, Naqshbandi revivalism, are raised insightfully discussed. true, before early fifteenth century, Chaghatai Ulus came convert eastward, remained relatively peaceful. At same time, Ming China saw "Inner Mongolia" strategic threat allied with Oriad plateau. Such restructuring Eurasian landscape cut economic lifeline Moghuls who revival. All these contributed religio-geographical divide. east, Oirad, originally people, turn themselves Buddhists, Mongols, practiced all kinds religions, seen intertwined Tibetan Lamaism, Uyghurs Hami Turfan, Buddhist, converted Asian Turkic-speaking and... | review | en | Buddhism|Islam|Christianity|Religious studies|Power (physics)|Materialism|History|Sociology|Philosophy|Theology|Archaeology|Physics|Quantum mechanics | https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2011.0116 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1867125251', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2011.0116', 'mag': '1867125251'} | Iran | C144024400 | Sociology | Journal of World History |
<i>By Sword and Plow: France and the Conquest of Algeria</i> by Jennifer E. Sessions (review) | John Zarobell (https://openalex.org/A5054752878) | 2,013 | Reviewed by: By Sword and Plow: France the Conquest of Algeria by Jennifer E. Sessions John Zarobell Sessions, Algeria. Ithaca NY: Cornell University Press, 2011. Pp. 325. ISBN: 0801449758 Sessions's recent work is a marvelous success on its own terms. It well-researched, introduces new perspectives into French history nineteenth century, writing fluid clear. In introduction, she lays out groundwork for her enquiry: My concerns in this book are both historical theoretical, stem from two sets questions that too often isolated each other. On one hand, I seek to explain policy choices led back colonial stage between 1830 1848. other aim understand how contemporary culture shaped military conquest settler colonization made French. (9) The author transmits an authoritative understanding period ability mobilize breadth primary secondary sources makes engaging arguments about relationship politics (both high low). Chapters official popular imagery produced around period, interlaced with discussions festivals sponsored government, serve illustrate [End Page 334] martial responses it some complexity. Though does not approach paintings, cartoons prints same as art historian, interpretations their nuanced add much ways was mediated through images during era. Following path, builds examples Maurice Samuels MacKenzie, who have embraced wider frame cultural practices products order account change France. greatest strength chapter "The Blood Brothers" because here central issues wishes address consolidated recast political history. She explains: tensions representations conquest, we can see extent which postrevolutionary empire were matter only power over Algerians, but also power, citizenship sovereignty within itself. (128) This carefully demonstrates variety forms information exploits, image, print song, engaged government public. argument subtle here, concurrent development free compulsory public education mixed technological developments image reproduction allowed more rapid transfer news. prototypes Napoleonic exploits—in Egypt, continental Europe—are given in-depth treatment national heroism, Algeria, citizenry imagine era heroic exploits. particularly concerned sovereignty, way these post-revolutionary notions expanded crucible middle century. Napoleon's legacy central, successive generations kings attempt come terms newly-empowered class, Algerian affair, then project, absorbs considerable amount attention energy. takes two-pronged presentation chapters, considering significance (the sword) plow). Her definition literal one, meaning task transforming foreign soil homeland across Mediterranean settlement adoption European agricultural practices. To credit, considers theoretical devotes turn colonialism beginning second wave activity inaugurated Algeria), difficulty finding citizens take possession lands further challenge making colony profitable regarding problems develop 335] expansion persuasive... | review | en | SWORD|CONQUEST|Colonialism|History|Politics|Government (linguistics)|Period (music)|Painting|Classics|Art history|Media studies|Art|Sociology|Law|Ancient history|Aesthetics|Political science|Philosophy|Archaeology|Linguistics|Computer science|Operating system | https://doi.org/10.1353/ncf.2013.0021 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2077567257', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/ncf.2013.0021', 'mag': '2077567257'} | Algeria|Egypt | C144024400 | Sociology | Nineteenth-century French Studies |
<i>Canadian Methodist Women, 1766–1925: Marys, Marthas, Mothers in Israel</i> (review) | Myra Rutherdale (https://openalex.org/A5026686212) | 2,008 | Reviewed by: Canadian Methodist Women, 1766–1925: Marys, Marthas, Mothers in Israel Myra Rutherdale Marilyn Färdig Whiteley . Israel. Wilfrid Laurier University Press 2005. xi, 306. $49.95 This book is necessary reading for those interested women's history and specifically the of women social religious movements. Whitely makes it clear that nineteenth century were inextricably connected. The result extensive archival research, Women provides both a deep understanding pervasiveness Church, chronological narrative activism within beyond church. Chapters on ministers' wives, Methodism family life, prayer meetings revivals, ladies' aid societies, mission wives missionary women, community outreach work, gospel movement, all point to great extent which kept alive early Canada. One reminded self-sacrifice made by these women. tribulations itinerants' example, well expressed Emma Jeffers Graham, who noted, 'I possess one good dress fashion, I wear when take my daily constitutional. occasionally [End Page 253] make rich cakes once year very one; state occasions frezz hair.' Such was care took stretch budget. Collectively too worked together In spring 1895, Wiarton, Ontario, joined their meeting raised funds collaboratively creatively: 'One woman baked bread; another canned fruit; some crocheted, or sold other fancy work; several gave socials; quite number poultry vegetables.' Women's work included, among things, fundraising, teaching Sunday school, making music, holding temperance meetings, dispensing service communities newcomers urban poor. These efforts widely recognized, church patriarchs played an extremely significant role Methodism. would be hard pressed dispute significance. leaders activists dating from late eighteenth are still known today. Those prominent roles, like Barbara Heck Eliza Barnes century, often became associated with first-wave feminist Kathleen Morton, Annie Leake Tuttle, Beatrice Brigden, Louise McKinney, Nellie McLung, had goals aspirations varied widely. Yet shared objective have acknowledged power officially granted. campaign ordination become heated first two decades twentieth century. strong expression desire recognition came Ontario-born Helen Deltour, catalogued duties 'allowed' carry out, obvious fact did everything but little 'official' power: 'She may sing choirs, teach schools, do as evangelist, lead devotional sexton occupy pulpit pastor occasion. She organize Ladies' Aid Societies; raise money teas, bazaars, socials, voluntary gifts; Deaconess, belong Board connection Deaconess work. has privilege collecting general fund, no voice its disbursement.' wanted General Conference ordained. obstacles begin disappear 1930s, taken over not new interpretive framework analyzing nineteenth-century world. However, detailed set stories experiences thankfully span entire country strengthen our appreciation many roles shape move private public sphere life. congratulated her at bringing light. Rutherdale... | review | en | Methodism|Prayer|History|Sacrifice|Protestantism|Religious studies|Narrative|Gender studies|Reading (process)|State (computer science)|Sociology|Art|Law|Literature|Political science|Philosophy|Archaeology|Algorithm|Computer science | https://doi.org/10.1353/utq.0.0094 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2011238836', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/utq.0.0094', 'mag': '2011238836'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | University of Toronto Quarterly |
<i>Canadian Newspaper Ownership in the Era of Convergence: Rediscovering Social Responsibility</i> (review) | Gene Allen (https://openalex.org/A5051758439) | 2,008 | Reviewed by: Canadian Newspaper Ownership in the Era of Convergence: Rediscovering Social Responsibility Gene Allen Walter C. Soderlund and Kai Hildebrandt, editors. Responsibility. University Alberta Press 2005. xviii, 194. $34.95 Concern about concentration ownership Canada's news media has been with us for at least forty years. It arises acute form when newspapers are bought by owners other properties: well-known examples Thomson's purchase FP (leading to closing Winnipeg Tribune Ottawa Journal) 1980; Conrad Black's acquisition former Southam chain 1996; or Asper family's taking them over from Black, turn, 2000. The was also an instance recent mania cross-media convergence. With companies like CTV GlobeMedia Quebecor adopting similar consolidating approaches, Canada now a highly concentrated pattern ownership. There good reasons be concerned this, as Hildebrandt point out clearly introduction this volume essays (most which they co-wrote). classic dilemma 'free press' is that freedom government control – surely essential, given governments invariably seek reward their friends punish enemies leaves positive meaning such hands privately owned, profit-seeking businesses. [End Page 405] If 'the primary purpose journalism,' words Bill Kovach Tom Rosenstiel, 'is provide citizens information need free self-governing,' any threat its ability desire do job corporate cost-cutting, owner's political bias affects coverage, class-based community interest society's elites prevents key questions power inequality even being asked health democracy itself. Since puts more fewer hands, potential harm correspondingly greater. Convergence focuses on two case studies, examining effects (among others), CanWest Global's policy requiring publishers carry national editorials written company's head office. authors conclude under did not become notably right wing pro-business editorial content, no so than competitors. (This will come surprise readers Black-era National Post, include journalistic even-handedness among merits; newly established paper, it included sample.) objections CanWest's effectively representing local opinion issues, order contradict line growing list issues would restrictive time enumerated. While addressing important both studies have useful if published earlier academic journals. convicted fraud, faces prison term several years; his days controlling international over. Similarly, was, practice, abandoned some years ago. perhaps asking too much researchers anticipate how long examine remain public agenda; certainly study something pro-Israel affected coverage contemporary relevance. book concludes call allow autonomy individual newspapers, subject only broad guidelines. Given serious regulation, proprietors urged adopt renewed sense social responsibility best way mitigate potentially harmful No one could object injunction. But does address most issue facing journalism: challenge posed Internet. Increasing numbers young people longer get yet figured... | review | en | Newspaper|Journalism|Freedom of the press|Dilemma|CONTEST|Government (linguistics)|Political science|Convergence (economics)|Law|Media studies|Sociology|Politics|Economics|Philosophy|Economic growth|Linguistics|Epistemology | https://doi.org/10.1353/utq.0.0158 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1963750477', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/utq.0.0158', 'mag': '1963750477'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | University of Toronto Quarterly |
<i>Celibate Marriages in Late Antique and Byzantine Hagiography: The Lives of Saints Julian and Basilissa, Andronikos and Athanasia, and Galaktion and Episteme</i> by Anne P. Alwis (review) | Claudia Rapp (https://openalex.org/A5033245425) | 2,013 | Reviewed by: Celibate Marriages in Late Antique and Byzantine Hagiography: The Lives of Saints Julian Basilissa, Andronikos Athanasia, Galaktion Episteme by Anne P. Alwis Claudia Rapp Episteme. By Alwis. (New York: Continuum. 2011. Pp. xii, 340. $120.00. ISBN 978-1-4411-1525-6.) Research the last decades has greatly advanced our understanding women gender issues within Christian context Middle Ages. Major databases now offer entry points for study primary sources scholarly literature relating to monastic experience Latin West (http://www.monasticmatrix.org) women’s life general Greek East (http://www.doaks.org/research/byzantine/resources/bibliography-on-gender-in-byzantium). Still, we are only beginning understand complex relations among societal constraints, agency, their normative representation male-authored literature. Any publication that speaks these is a welcome addition should be hailed, if not as milestone, than at least mosaic tessera, case with Alwis’s dissertation-turned-book. marriages, which husband wife come mutual agreement abstain from sexual intercourse dedicate themselves charity asceticism, were subject comprehensive historical literary Dyan Elliott 1993. aim more modest—she presents three hagiographical tales composed fifth, sixth, ninth/tenth centuries different views celibate marriage late antiquity Byzantium: text (with some misprints), English translation (mostly accurate), very brief commentary (sometimes uneven, but commendable its reference patristic texts papyrological evidence), preceded an extensive introductory discussion (pp. 1–153) date manuscript transmission texts, features, depiction marriage. bibliography significant errors. Vita Basilissa (BHG 970) depicts couple Antinoöpolis Egypt during Diocletianic Persecution who consent [End Page 112] marry please parents, agree maintain chastity on wedding night. remaining forty-nine chapters after Basilissa’s early death chapter 15 deal Julian’s miracles bravery when faced gruesome tortures tell his conversion Kelsios, son persecutor, turn brings own mother Christianity. It tale shared conjugal purpose well filial bonds, embedded elaborate martyrdom narrative. Athanasia 123a, this version edited here first time) shows wealthy Antioch who, birth two children, devote charitable deeds and, offspring, decide pursue separate communities, joining circle sixth-century ascetic Daniel Sketis. meet again way Jerusalem continue live together “brothers,” appearing ascetically emaciated man. Her true identity revealed her death. This parallels stories “transvestite nun,” popular motif fifth seventh centuries. 665) spouses chaste prior consummation go ways, until they reunited unspecified time persecution. As notes, emphasis reunification separated lovers latent eroticism bears close resemblance novels romances, including story Paul Thekla. book valuable (including edition) little-known texts. hoped other studies will follow throw additional light social implications Byzantium. University Vienna Copyright © 2012 Catholic America Press | review | en | Antique|Byzantine architecture|Context (archaeology)|History|Asceticism|Emperor|Episteme|Classics|Late Antiquity|Christianity|Church Fathers|Religious studies|Sociology|Literature|Ancient history|Art|Philosophy|Archaeology|Social science | https://doi.org/10.1353/cat.2013.0040 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2087039196', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/cat.2013.0040', 'mag': '2087039196'} | Egypt | C144024400 | Sociology | Catholic Historical Review |
<i>Censored by Confucius: Ghost Stories by Yuan Mei</i> (review) | John Tucker (https://openalex.org/A5089309255) | 1,997 | Reviews 487© 1997 by University ofHawai'i Press Spirits ofChinese Religion"—meant literally—I would rather have seen as "The Spirit Religion," for nowhere is Chinese religion per se introduced. In essence, the Introduction, which crucial an anthology ofthis sort, interesting mélange of scholarly digressions but does not seem actually to been written volume it introduces. This always a potential problem when introduction someone other than editor. Religions ofChina in Practiceis excellent graduate course on may be found less suitable undergraduate course. Assuming such utilize one ofthe (unfortunately) very few good introductory texts religion, difficult instructor, unless familiar with study coordinate this anthologywith ofthese texts. The exacerbated lack real introduction. Jordan Paper York associateprofessor EastAsian and Religious Studies Programs at University. IiE Kam Louie Louise Edwards, editors translators. Censored Confucius: Ghost Stories Yuan Met. Armonk, New York: M. E. Sharpe, 1995. 223 pp. Hardcover $65.00, isbn 1-56324-680-5. Paperback $24.95, 1-56324-681-3. Mei, Louie, professor Queensland, lecturer Asian Australian Catholic University, present abridged English translation ofan eighteenth-century Qing ofghost stories, Zi bu yu -f^ap (Censored Confucius) (17881), authored Mei jÊtfe (1716-1798), more respected poet-scholars ofhis age. their Edwards admirably recount essentials ofYuan Mei's life, his contributions genre biji xiaoshuo itgo^lA, or "note-form literature,"2 main themes developed yu. However, throughout repeatedly suggest that "tales ghosts, sex, betrayal, revenge, litigation, transvestism, homosexuality, corruption" sharply contrasted "climate ofpolitical moral conservativism fostered stifling Confucian ortho- China Review International: Vol. 4, No. 2, Fall doxy." They through these tales about supernatural, expressed scorn "the prudery moralism propagated court orthodox scholars time, choosing instead expose hypocrisy excessive puritanism problems mid-Qing society."3 further claim Yuan's "challenge orthodoxy" "reflected three-word title he chose collection," yu, seemingly irreverent allusion characterization, made Analects (Lunyu IESd), Confucius' teachings. Passage 7/21 ofthat text claims "Confucius [literally, Master," -f] did discourse [bu ^In] prodigies [guai S], force [it TJ], disorder [luan %[], spiritual forces [shen ?F]."4 note latter remark has translated various ways, yet each translations they cite renders three words used title, ways "censored Confucius," rendition ofYuan's tide suggests appropriate. As acknowledge, Legge Master talk,"5 Lau translates them speak,"6 Waley casts never talked . ."7 While seems most can credibly wring from theoretical reticence perhaps philosophical unwillingness discuss matters guai, li, luan, shen, stating policy was "Confucian-inspired," imply position defined regime, therefore must deemed discussions "anathema."8 Recent studies thought are sympathetic its empiricism offer different "reading" 7/21. For example, Thinking Through Confucius, David Hall Roger Ames consider meaning well 11/12, where upon being... | review | en | Classics|Buddhism|Graduate students|Religious studies|Sociology|History|Literature|Philosophy|Theology|Art|Pedagogy | https://doi.org/10.1353/cri.1997.0015 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1964827496', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/cri.1997.0015', 'mag': '1964827496'} | Jordan | C144024400 | Sociology | China Review International |
<i>Century of Genocide: Critical Essays and Eyewitness Accounts</i> (review) | Samuel M. Edelman (https://openalex.org/A5036970102) | 2,007 | Book Review Samuel Totten, William S. Parsons, and Israel Charny, eds. Century of Genocide: Critical Essays Eyewitness Accounts, 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 2004. Pp. 532, paper. $26.95 US. Reviewed by M. Edelman, Dean, the College Arts Sciences, American Jewish University (formerly Judaism) Genocide begins with words ‘‘Will killing ever stop?’’. This is a profound question, as answer. In seventeen chapters an introduction, answer clearly No. For any one interested in providing their students comprehensive understanding genocide twentieth twenty-first centuries, this book excellent resource. single text, reader can move from against Hereros Southwest Africa to discussions Armenians; Ukrainians former Soviet Union; targeting Jews, Gypsies, disabled people during Shoah; Tutsis Rwanda Hutus Burundi; Cambodians; massacres Indonesia East Timor; Kurds Iraq Sudanese Muslims Darfur; genocides perpetrated various indigenous peoples. The foreword Charny makes sensitive passionate statement about its implications for many groups beyond survivors genocides. speaks learning care human life. concept developing genuine mutual respect caring foundations behavior direct opposition those who preach tolerance but do not practice it. Clearly Charny’s work text sets tone gives us sense direction. introduction Totten Parsons integrates ideas concepts developed goes on set out parameters discussion rest text. Most important, though, authors’ outline campaign genocide. program scholarly study while also addressing need financing implementing global prevention intervention effort (including effective early warning system) creation more robust structures educating Chapters 1 14, each focusing specific (e.g., Ottoman Turk Khmer Rouge–perpetrated Cambodian genocide; extremist Hutu moderate Rwanda), are written well-known scholars. critical essays that begin chapter provide context genocide, second part comprises compendium eyewitness accounts relating under discussion. Each similarly structured, so there strong internal consistency throughout book. new edition includes maps discussed. Chapter 15—Martin Mennecke’s ‘‘Genocide Kosovo?’’—is edition. important because it confronts issue whether or events took place Kosovo represent true review Accounts edited Charny. Studies Prevention 2, 2 (August 2007): 199–200. ß 2007 Prevention. well presentation issues surrounding Kosovo. 16 17, offer critically insights; these two make must anyone teaching Jerry Fowler’s ‘‘Out Darkness’’ documents his years US Holocaust Memorial Museum’s Committee Conscience, discovering calling world attention newly gets into Darfur situation, other potential genocides, shows importance systems modern world. 17 prevention, significant corollary work. us, well-argued problems possibilities prevention. He structural problems, the... | review | en | Genocide|The Holocaust|Indigenous|Opposition (politics)|Sociology|Law|Criminology|History|Political science|Gender studies|Politics|Biology|Ecology | https://doi.org/10.1353/gsp.2011.0011 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2077533743', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/gsp.2011.0011', 'mag': '2077533743'} | Iraq|Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Genocide Studies and Prevention |
<i>Cherchez la femme: Women and Values in the Francophone World</i> (review) | Rebecca Linz (https://openalex.org/A5058558545) | 2,012 | Reviewed by: Cherchez la femme: Women and Values in the Francophone World Rebecca Linz Fülöp, Erika Adrienne Angelo. World. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2011. PP 292. ISBN 978-1443829335. $55.99 (Paper). Despite diversity of subjects essays broached this new collection essays, editors succeed finding cohesion through (admittedly broad) motif values. While cultural values have traditionally been determined by men, a deep examination writings and/or about women reveals transgressions these patriarchal standards. Fülöp Angelo organize into four categories: "Feminisms: Value Theory," "Incarnating Establishing Values," "Writing (and) Body: Corporeal "Life Writing Other: Identity." Within each categories are several with seemingly disparate subjects. For example, section entitled Theory" includes on Rachilde (Adeline Soldin) Natalie Clifford Barney (Chelsea Ray), Virginie Despentes (Michèle Schaal), Déwé Gorodé (Raylene Ramsay) one media response to deaths three Haitian feminists 2010 earthquake (Katie Billotte). Thus, as readers, we traverse France from end 19th century early decades 20th century, well current-day New Caledonia Haiti. The experiences diverse epochs cultures which they emerge. multicultural multifaceted call for social justice women's rights evoked oppose any notion universal definition feminism. Several anthology examine stereotypical depictions various eras popular culture. An essay Nineteenth-Century French oratorios (Sarah Ruddy) examines specifically those suffering woman mater dolorosa religious musical works. Marcelline Block compares representations legend Queen Semiramis Christine de Pizan Paul Valéry. contemporary literature will appreciate that majority authors treated 21st-century writers whom relatively little has written, such photographer poet Béatrice Bonhomme (Genevieve Guetemme), who fact is herself contributor here an Marie-Claire Bancquart. Although texts studied situated within France, there forays beyond Hexagon, Haiti (as mentioned above), Algeria (in discussion Assia Djebar's autobiographical writing Laurie Corbin) Quebec (Lucie Lequin's "un certain théâtre l'obscène" recent novels Ying Chen, Nelly Arcan, Marie-Sissi Labrèche Catherine Mavrikakis). numerous varied intertextual references other theorists throughout offer famous question posed Luce Iragaray, whose own name ideas scattered book Quand nos lèvres se parlent: "Comment parler pour sortir leurs cloisonnements, quadrillages, distinctions, oppositions: vierge / déflorée, pure impure, innocente avertie . Comment nous désenchaîner ces termes, libérer catégories, dépouiller noms. Nous dégager, vivantes, conceptions?" always asserted their value [End Page 119] systems art lives, exploration time across globe richness our experiences. City University York Graduate Center Copyright © 2012 Studies | review | en | French|Multiculturalism|Publishing|Value (mathematics)|Art history|Gender studies|Sociology|Humanities|Art|History|Literature|Pedagogy|Machine learning|Computer science | https://doi.org/10.1353/wfs.2012.0005 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2073424682', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/wfs.2012.0005', 'mag': '2073424682'} | Algeria | C144024400 | Sociology | Women in French Studies |
<i>Cities in Modernity: Representations and Productions of Metropolitan Space, 1840–1930</i> (review) | Jordan Stanger-Ross (https://openalex.org/A5001632382) | 2,009 | Reviewed by: Cities in Modernity: Representations and Productions of Metropolitan Space, 1840–1930 Jordan Stanger-Ross 1840–1930. Richard Dennis. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008. Pp. 436, $44.99 Modernity begins with three bridges – the Brooklyn Bridge, London’s Tower Bloor Street Viaduct Toronto. For Dennis, design construction bridges, as well their subsequent uses, exemplify ‘hopes fears modernity, its opportunities threats’ (19). The creation required dynamic local governments, innovative designs, novel technologies, mobilization capital labour. thus reflected vitality that transformed York, London, Toronto (his principal sites study) during period he examines, eventually allowing people to move new ways across reconfigured expanded cities. At same time sordid sometimes grizzly details bridge construction, propensity modern urbanites ‘throw themselves over parapet’ (20), demonstrate equivocal, uneven, incomplete nature this transformation. Dennis pursues these interwoven themes a dizzying array topics artistic literary representations cities; surveying, mapping, planning; uses city streets public spaces; suburbanization; urban business patterns; consumer practices attentive each case complicated reordering spaces lives latter part nineteenth first decades twentieth centuries. time, hopes his book will scholarship driven apart by divisions between ‘cultural economic interpretations urbanization . qualitative quantitative modes analysis, [and] abstract theory empirical studies’ (3). accomplishes aim anchoring remarkably broad reading secondary literature; foundation, while weighted toward cultural histories sources, indeed encompasses wide variety interpretive perspectives. proposes ‘bridging’ approach evidence, emphasizing, on one hand, content work, and, other, socially constructed, subjective dimensions statistical other social scientific sources. Both paintings censuses, suggests, inform historians about perspectives creators realities surrounded them (79, 112). [End Page 349] largely fulfills author’s that, like ‘panoramic painting, incident has gained significance from position among neighbours’ (348). Indeed, combination material generates something new. Canadian may find fades prominence story; they also parts cover familiar territory (particularly, for reader, extensive use Harris’s work detail suburbanization Toronto), but placement Dennis’s frame should interest provoke historians. anticipates two criticisms I would make book; however, does not entirely answer them. Most seems equivocate importance place. role landed traditional elites, differences demography size, discrepant levels home ownership, timing development locale, name few examples, seem suggest different stories unfolding studies. But offers overarching analytic distinctions A brief ‘Postlude’ speaks directly those who might criticize absence. ‘Contrary current enthusiasm modernities,’ observes, ‘it me cities which have focused had more common another than another’ (349). Coming last page book, statement feels asserted proven. By placing claim at end story, avoids detailed satisfying exploration how degrees commonality difference be assessed, especially synthetic, rather primary, analysis. various points narrative, acknowledges critics question who, precisely, is represented book. What do we learn, example, mapping Pooters’ social... | review | en | Modernity|Metropolitan area|Bridge (graph theory)|Suburbanization|Public space|Sociology|History|Media studies|Political science|Engineering|Law|Archaeology|Medicine|Architectural engineering|Internal medicine | https://doi.org/10.1353/can.0.0183 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2058840872', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/can.0.0183', 'mag': '2058840872'} | Jordan | C144024400 | Sociology | The Canadian historical review |
<i>City of Knowledge in Twentieth Century Iran: Shiraz, history and poetry</i> by Setrag Manoukian (review) | Alessandro Cancian (https://openalex.org/A5025364972) | 2,013 | Reviewed by: City of Knowledge in Twentieth Century Iran: Shiraz, history and poetry by Setrag Manoukian Alessandro Cancian Manoukian, 2012. (Iranian Studies 10, ed. Homa Katouzian Mohamad Tavakoli-Targhi.) Routledge: Oxford & New York, xi + 260 pp., £80.00. ISBN: 978-0-415-78328-6 (hbk). Manoukian’s is a genealogical ethnography contemporary Iran that aims to explore the relationship between Iran’s history, poetry, politics through study its ‘forms knowledge’, ‘techniques power’ operate at intersection latter two, process self-formation relation these two elements. The attentive reader will have noticed Foucaltian resonances this terminology fact author makes clear his methodological stance from very outset – journey modern Shiraz’s knowledge practices undertaken though Foucault’s ‘disclocations’: savoirs, techniques power, subject formation. whole work carried out with exceptional theoretical awareness remarkable consistency reflected overall structure. book opens an introduction sets basis for reading setting coordinates, explaining main concerns, outlining structure book. analyse sociality addressing those areas (‘dislocations’, wording, borrowed Foucault) whereby Iranians’ understandings their culture, are manifested more clearly. followed six chapters three-page conclusion. In Chapter 1 Shiraz as ‘the city knowledge’ twentieth century presented analysis works: Fursati Shirazi’s Asar-i ‘Ajam, comprehensive volume published 1954 Kanun-i Danish-i Pars. Asar, first 1896, ‘local history’ region became standard reference text century, while publication Kanun collection [End Page 109] articles translations group Shirazi scholars aimed summarising constitutive elements intent revamp city’s once glorious past re-launch it outstanding scholarly centre. While represents extraordinary knowledge, 2 does not live up expectations set out. This chapter (‘Time, space culture’) predominantly detached book, absence probably would been noticed. it, starts discussion dyad iskilit/sutun, taken, if I duly understood point, symbolic yet contrasting material landscape Shiraz. iskilits skeleton frames steel columns I-beams that, usually, due lack proper planning, rampant estate overdevelopment, property speculation, stand lingering unfinished years well any other country world where problem exists. Sutuns fashionable architecture Pahlavi period, evocation ‘glories’ pre-Islamic Iran, continue be used private building words Iranian counterparts capitalled virtually everywhere conjure air far past. A mark bad planning speculation former, display tasteless affluence something universal no means specifically Iranian, let alone Shirazi. Moving iskilit/sutun exemplification regime spatio-temporality (43), discusses ‘reversal order things’ Revolution brought about, touching upon architecture, toponymy, perception time. entire add anything new our understanding Revolution, but rather comes across half-baked attempt fit widely known facts into framework which iskilit... | review | en | Poetry|Relation (database)|Power (physics)|Terminology|Ethnography|Sociology|Reading (process)|History|Literature|Anthropology|Philosophy|Art|Linguistics|Physics|Quantum mechanics|Database|Computer science | https://doi.org/10.1353/isl.2013.0002 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2054501327', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/isl.2013.0002', 'mag': '2054501327'} | Iran | C144024400 | Sociology | Journal of Shi'a Islamic Studies |
<i>Civilizing Women: British Crusades in Colonial Sudan</i> (review) | Rebecca Upton (https://openalex.org/A5070187629) | 2,009 | Reviewed by: Civilizing Women: British Crusades in Colonial Sudan Rebecca L. Upton Janice Boddy , Sudan. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007, 389 pp. Boddy's Women is a provocative and timely addition to the literature on gender body colonial contexts particular discussion of problematic history Through her meticulous research in-depth historical ethnography, sets high standard for contemporary analysis endeavor as it became imagined embodied within Sudanese women. Her work suggests that both sides encounter had much do with gendered policies emerged from royal missionary ambitions subsequent contest civilize bodies. The text an excellent contribution current discourse conflict African continent. Attempts control, colonize cleanse female and/or are not new, nor they without variety perspectives, histories. For example, beliefs about health necessity productive albeit contained, constrained [End Page 865] bounded bodies, played substantial crucial role development historic cultural landscape. grounded studies how colonials attempted battle 'barbarous custom' pharonic circumcision intricate connections between national, religious ideology wove their way throughout endeavours during Gordon Madhi time period. emphasis importance context too, true understanding women process. great irony book's title course at its very core—as readers we come understand literally idea power were engaged practice described civilizing crux ironies tensions emerge when she describes representations women's Arab enjoined apply scientific mothercraft good state. Yet ironic contradiction, relative impermeability infibulated them defense social procreative purity was thought by impede progress states success. Thus bodies tainted unproductive, while local anxieties over physical boundaries sagacious but perverse (p. 31) Throughout book careful occupied minds Victorian colonizers evident important members conversation. In Part I book, traces "Imperial Ethos" hear voiced competing understandings spiritual world alike. refers vast knowledge previous zar cult contextualize just powerful these narratives colonialism. II "Contexts," learn more specific aims project respect fertility linked productivity civility. Here, identifies capitalist Christian objectives highlights integral civilized population varied construction or practice. III, "The Crusades" clash culture, zeal "the Wolves" (Gertrude Mabel Wolff who rise debate 866] midwifery Sudan), movements, Midwives Training School (MTS), Medical Service (SMS) (re)productivity forms. It this section debates anthropology feminism remain salient. Women's simultaneously indigenous "cultural" yet need modification civility mindsets. ways eerily reminiscent today, became... | review | en | Colonialism|Battle|CONTEST|Ideology|Gender studies|Sociology|Ethnography|History|Anthropology|Law|Politics|Political science|Ancient history|Archaeology | https://doi.org/10.1353/anq.0.0084 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1983400021', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/anq.0.0084', 'mag': '1983400021'} | Sudan | C144024400 | Sociology | Anthropological Quarterly |
<i>Connected in Cairo: Growing up Cosmopolitan in the Modern Middle East</i> by Mark Allen Peterson (review) | Daniel Gilman (https://openalex.org/A5062924278) | 2,013 | Reviewed by: Connected in Cairo: Growing up Cosmopolitan the Modern Middle East by Mark Allen Peterson Daniel J. Gilman Peterson, East. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2011. 263 pp. Cairo is an ethnography primarily focused upon socio-economic elites of Egypt, specifically those whom identifies as investing a prestigious form cosmopolitanism part their attempt to justify, bolster, and defend privileges Egyptian society. cites classroom interaction with his students at American (AUC), which itself one markers elite prestige par excellence starting point for thinking. The AUC vehemently rejected idea that rural villagers could be modern, arguing instead Jamesonian concept modernity founded combination educational access conspicuous consumption various forms—what glosses style (5–6). does not accept this claim face value, but carefully thoroughly deconstructs blunt class difference marked students’ understanding own modernity. Indeed, later book, he concludes much are so proud less matter achievement judicious acquisition than birthright, reinforced recapitulated, rather created anew designer clothing, facility several languages, knowledge foreign films. introductory chapter largely unspooling Peterson’s analytical framework methodology flows from anecdote mentioned above. In large measure, concentrates ethnographic efforts on children adolescents these upper classes order illuminate how attitudes toward develop embed themselves people’s identity constructions. He balances [End Page 313] trend interviewing number children’s parents teachers, who must contend youthful fashions desires may only conflict family’s means afford such things, also threaten larger worldview modernity, authenticity, local adults deeply invested. second third chapters focus children—that is, pre-teenaged represent target market variety toys snack foods. Adult interviewees appear well, counterpoints or students. deals magazines, including, limited what English speakers might call comic books. examines patterns composed Arabic conceived Arabophone—and implicitly Muslim—readership, translated other languages into Arabic, thereby repurposed readership, purchased original language, particularly English. analysis, argues locally often carry religious secular moral lessons reflect sense Arab-Islamic identity, little interest upper-class families can distinguish backgrounds Cairene simply marking books magazines they choose buy. corollary observation, supports assertion, more “foreign” generally far too expensive household budgets middle classes. Beyond material facts, observes kinds narratives tend draw attention each category reinforce differential global citizenship: while consume emphasize Egyptianness, Arabness, and, lesser degree, Muslimness, broader (and elite) cosmopolitan begins cultivate reader’s connection complex consumer tied West. generation gap emerged response fashion heavily commodified game Pokémon. While differences articulated phenomenon—most noticeably between whose buy them tazu (the plastic... | review | en | Modernity|Cosmopolitanism|Elite|Prestige|Middle class|Sociology|Excellence|CITES|Consumption (sociology)|Aesthetics|Law|Art|Philosophy|Social science|Political science|Politics|Linguistics|Fishery|Biology | https://doi.org/10.1353/anq.2013.0009 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2052001466', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/anq.2013.0009', 'mag': '2052001466'} | Egypt | C144024400 | Sociology | Anthropological Quarterly |
<i>Contemporary Arab Broadcast Media</i> (review) | Naomi Sakr (https://openalex.org/A5030546799) | 2,012 | Reviewed by: Contemporary Arab Broadcast Media Naomi Sakr (bio) by El Mustapha Lahlali. Edinburgh University Press 2011. $95.00 hardcover; $32.00 paper. 178 pages A simple search on Amazon reveals Al-Jazeera in the titles of dozens works, dealing with many aspects famous broadcasting network, from its history and political economy to impact international relations, place so-called war terror, editors' choice language when covering events. Examination is central Media, any reader would initially presume book offer some new insights about it. After all, given recent, rapid growth scholarly work media, books topic need be distinctive. Here, one led expect Lahlali's study examine Al-Jazeera's coverage 2006 between Israel Hezbollah compare it two other news channels Arabic, namely Al-Arabiya Al-Hurra. In principle, such an undertaking—highlighted book's cover— may have seemed comparable that Leon Barkho, who used critical discourse analysis his 2010 way Al-Jazeera, CNN, BBC covered Israeli-Palestinian clashes invasion Iraq.1 Where differ events whom. practice, account three chosen turns out exercise fraught mystery, as this reviewer feels duty-bound show. The mystery starts title. Al-Hurra, explained chapter 3, a US operation funded Broadcasting Board Governors, federal agency. Lahlali implies launched Radio Sawa Al-Hurra simultaneously 2004, after President Bush "laid blame for spreading 'hateful propaganda' against United States,"2 but actually started March 2002. Setting chronology aside, however, how does justify labeling "Arab"? It true publishers often choose [End Page 176] all-encompassing title specialist attract more interest. book, author himself promises will "acquaint development progress media" before moving focus "three channels" (including Al-Hurra), which together are said "represent face transnational media landscape."3 Thus, outlet defined because broadcasts Arabic. By same logic, British, French, German, Russian, Chinese, Turkish stations Arabic could also claim label. second author's promise survey surrounds timing writing publication. year publication 2011, precise release date was June 6. sentence page 86, stating Libyan regime arrested team Tripoli "in 2011," proves not printed 19, arrest. So why say nothing at all during uprisings Tunisia Egypt? Except single reference conclusion "the 2011 developments Egypt, across world," writes if these "developments" had happened.4 Readers likely understand "radical change" current era something do social networking video-sharing online. Yet radical change speaks "launch satellite cable television channels."5 fact, majority references cited overview 2 2001 2005, much material garnered secondary sources has long since been overtaken is, example, astonishing read, published mid-2011, Egypt's state-owned newspapers "are [the] most influential."6 Even no chance mention newspapers' performance elections demonstrations... | review | en | Media studies|Arabic|Broadcasting (networking)|Politics|Political science|Humanities|History|Sociology|Law|Art|Computer science|Philosophy|Linguistics|Computer network | https://doi.org/10.1353/cj.2012.0119 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2090094682', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/cj.2012.0119', 'mag': '2090094682'} | Egypt|Iraq|Israel|Libya|Tunisia|Turkey | C144024400 | Sociology | Journal of Cinema and Media Studies |
<i>Contested Identities: Gender and Kinship in Modern Greece</i> (review) | Alexandra Bakalaki (https://openalex.org/A5034307861) | 1,993 | Reviews 157 Soviet Union and in the Middle East has limited Washington's interest pressing Turkey to be more responsive U.N. proposals on Cyprus. Further, as Turkey's prospects for membership European Community have declined, lost any being concUiatory Cyprus or other Greco-Turkish issue. On contrary, despite initiatives of Mitsotakis government, involvement actions Balkans Macedonian issue increased Greek security concerns . And, case Cyprus, raised new demands that negate me reaching a viable functional solution. Consequendy, many assumptions about role United States NATO may been superseded by events. The book Ambassador Stearns does not shed light relations U.S. with Greece, Turkey, This is somewhat disappointment, given how well author acquainted region which he served distinction. Despite these weaknesses, Entangled Allies welcome addition literature Southeastern Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, foreign policy. Van Coufoudakis Indiana University-Purdue University, Fort Wayne Peter Loizos Evthymios Papataxiarchis, editors, Contested Identities: Gender Kinship Modern Greece. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 1991. Pp. 264. $47.50 cloth, $14.95 paperback. Ethnographic Greece examined gender construction die expression maleness femaleness context marriage from point view ideology kinship. Identities enlarges this scope; it brings forth variation spheres activity where ideas are enacted, highlights plurality models gendered identity personhood within without. Introducing first set articles married life, editors affirm household key loci dominant discourse wherein kinship serves prime symbol means attainment personhood. At same time, they underline importance marital residence patterns; note women's greater subordination mutedness men's marginality virilocal uxorilocal situations, respectively. They also suggest structural disadvantage correlates relative prominence friendships among unrelated men living uxorilocally women virilocally. In contrast, neolocality allows space both same-sex outside one's relatives. 158 Several contributors explore construction, representation, womanhood varying types patterns. Jill Dubisch, her study central Aegean community national site religious pilgrimage, emphasizes mother-daughter tie its significance terms only sentiment but structure well. Women experience present themselves centers domestic life representatives households. These images further reinforced intense public participation cult Mary, Mother Christ, local church. theoretical level, Dubisch's analysis reveals inadequacy dichotomies like structure/sentiment public/private comprehending than those male-dominated discourse. Juliet du Boulay concerned cosmological their implications social mainland agricultural community. She shows cosmos linked three discourses, one dominant, depending context. Old Testament Adam Eve Hellenic, pre-Christian Sun-Moon emphasize male superiority; New Testament, hand, provides perspective seen mediators between divine human worlds. redeem flesh giving birth. Their asceticism mourning marks boundary continuity world dead. However, aspects thinking entirely co-extensive. Father-Son through Godhead conceived refer primarily relation... | review | en | Kinship|Macedonian|Context (archaeology)|Turkish|Political science|Montenegro|European union|Government (linguistics)|Foreign policy|Disappointment|Sociology|Politics|History|Law|Ethnology|Ancient history|Psychology|Social psychology|Linguistics|Philosophy|Archaeology|Business|Economic policy | https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2010.0327 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2043699361', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/mgs.2010.0327', 'mag': '2043699361'} | Turkey | C144024400 | Sociology | Journal of Modern Greek Studies |
<i>Converging Alternatives: The Bund and the Zionist Labor Movement, 1897–1985</i> (review) | Adam D. Rubin (https://openalex.org/A5073290041) | 2,008 | Reviewed by: Converging Alternatives: The Bund and the Zionist Labor Movement, 1897–1985 Adam Rubin 1897–1985, by Yosef Gorny. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2006. 309 pp. $27.95. As a prolific esteemed scholar Jewish politics in general Zionism particular, Gorny is one only select number historians capable writing comparative study two most significant political forces modern era—the Movement Bund. Drawing upon an impressive mastery archival material, protocols reports, manifestos, journals, newspapers published pre-State Palestine, Israel, Russian Empire, Republic Poland, elsewhere Diaspora, his work focuses on concept Klal Yisrael both movements. Gorny’s book offers fascinating glimpse into world passionate [End Page 194] commitment, fierce polemic, utopian ideology, but as we shall see, it hampered several serious shortcomings. author primarily interested how grappled with notions national unity, embodied phrase Yisrael. He traces subtle, at times opaque, ideological ebb flow each movement over course almost century, demonstrates their important intellectual leaders struggled to reconcile competing contradictory ideologies order maintain respective movement’s relevance face changing conditions radically new realities. Both were forced confront tensions between elitist they practiced mass preached, universalist aspirations Socialism particular fate people. While not doing justice detailed description diverse complex principles that guided those changed time, fair say center narrative depiction halting, erratic, nonetheless discernible shift away from narrow constituencies obsessions toward commitment greater good argues moved (very gradually begrudgingly) class-based notion “proletarian Klal” unity Yisrael, while (more hastily less “halutsic broader Klal, then finally In author’s view, was prevented devoting itself needs “the people large” because viewed “class differentiation struggle last word all affairs” (p. 2). comparison, had overcome its embrace “negation Diaspora,” is, exclusive allegiance small pioneering elite Land before could successfully direct energies eventually, win majority support among large.” evenly divided four chapters Zionism. equal allocation time divisions should be confused for treatment, however; own predilections lean decisively Zionism, evident analytic framework which he has constructed study. begins premise positive class workers interests negative, stigmatized “sectarian” “isolationist” (similarly, forging alliances non-Jewish socialist parties naive or illusory); pragmatism utopianism repeatedly vilified “dogmatic,” “blind,” “fanatic,” 195] “inflexible.” These dichotomies form lens through views subject, clear outset side will emerge favorably Rather than judge thoughts actions Bundists terms, weighted scales against them imposing values “klalist” story tells, forcing... | review | en | Ideology|Politics|Zionism|Jewish state|State (computer science)|Law|Judaism|Sociology|Reform movement|Political science|History|Media studies|Political economy|Archaeology|Algorithm|Computer science | https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.0.0290 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2088781814', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.0.0290', 'mag': '2088781814'} | Israel|Palestine|State of Palestine | C144024400 | Sociology | Shofar |
<i>Corrigendum to</i>: Assessing genetic diversity and population structure of Iranian melons (<i>Cucumis melo</i>) collection using primer pair markers in association with resistance to Fusarium wilt | Neda Sadeghpour (https://openalex.org/A5049460417)|Hossein Ali Asadi-Gharneh (https://openalex.org/A5019037105)|Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani (https://openalex.org/A5051798464)|Hamed Hassanzadeh Khankahdani (https://openalex.org/A5065438184)|Maryam Golabadi (https://openalex.org/A5038921048) | 2,023 | We evaluated genetic diversity and population structure of Iranian melons (<i>Cucumis melo</i> L.) using combinations 35 primer pairs: 15 Simple-Sequence-Repeats (SSR); 10 Inter-Simple-Sequence-Repeats (ISSR); Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers in association with resistance to melon Fusarium wilt, caused by <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>melonis</i> (<i>FOM</i>). Genetic similarity was determined simple matching coefficient (SSM) dendrogram clustering-analysis unweighted pair groups arithmetic averages (UPGMA). By combining ISSR-SSR-SRAP markers, a high degree variation among the detected. The mean information content (PIC), marker index (MI), effective-number alleles (I), expected heterozygosity (H), Nei&#x2019;s gene parameters were 0.392, 0.979, 1.350, 0.551 0.225, respectively. According MI, PIC, I, H, Nei indices evaluation, ISSR6, ISSR9, SRAP3, SRAP5, SSR3 SSR6 had best performance related population. primers yielded total 264 bands, which 142 showed polymorphism. Clustering genotypes based on comparison grouping SSR, SRAP ISSR revealed significant compliance between disease severity molecular dendrograms. Thus, increasing number for provides powerful tool future agricultural conservation tasks. | article | en | Biology|Genetic diversity|Cucumis|UPGMA|Genetics|Population|Fusarium wilt|Dendrogram|Molecular marker|Microsatellite|Genetic variation|Veterinary medicine|Allele|Fusarium oxysporum|Horticulture|Gene|Medicine|Demography|Sociology | https://doi.org/10.1071/fp22131_co | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4367600382', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1071/fp22131_co', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37126457'} | Iran | C144024400 | Sociology | Functional Plant Biology|PubMed |
<i>Cosmopolitical Claims: Turkish-German Literatures from Nadolny to Pamuk</i> (review) | Mine Şencan Eren (https://openalex.org/A5045004229) | 2,009 | Reviewed by: Cosmopolitical Claims: Turkish-German Literatures from Nadolny to Pamuk Mine Eren (bio) Pamuk. By B. Venkat Mani. Iowa City: University of Press, 2007. 272 pp. Cloth $39.95. Mani's covers ground familiar anyone interested in multiculturalism and minority transnational studies. book, with its focus on recent debates texts by authors, is both a critique celebration the discussions surrounding this literature. Mani, an assistant professor Department German at Wisconsin-Madison, takes us stimulating tour through latest research cultural hybridity, subalternity, diasporic memory. His cosmopolitical analysis reaction numerous scholarly that followed publication Edward Said's Orientalism (1978) Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children (1991). What makes book important, many ways, even remarkable, breadth author's contemporary theory, which he seeks familiarize his reader key terms methodological differences within post-colonial To end, Mani sketches perspectives thinkers Jacques Derrida, Homi Bhabha, Gilles Deleuze Félix Guattari, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Dipesh Chakrabarty, Rey Chow, Leslie Adelson, Azade Seyhan, Deniz Göktürk others shed light question interaction. One differentiating feature study goal "to think difference without indulging triumphant vocabularies multicultural inclusions or defeatist critiques monocultural exclusions" (7). [End Page 676] organizes around four chapters. He invokes concepts home, belonging, citizenship evaluate literary claims novels, arguing these have different aesthetic ideological valences for authors. According modes engagement national, cultural, ethnic metropolitan cities such as Berlin Istanbul vary writings Sten Nadolny, Emine Sevgi Özdamar, Feridun Zaimoglu, Orhan While Pamuk's narratives tackle subject homogenous ethnocentric idea existent their national culture, Özdamar Zaimoglu address migrant experience doing so "register thinking feeling beyond nation" (5). connects narratives, however, they "defy easy categorization into ethnic, transcultural literature." (6) The first chapter explores subalternity. "interests lie claims" trespass "the legitimacy validity self-representation" (65). reading Nadolny's Selim oder die Gabe der Rede (1990) [Selim; or, Gift Speech] focuses struggle between Alexander (the narrator representer) narration represented). In questioning relationship them, lays bare exchange mechanisms majority self (Alexander) marginal other (Selim). Taking theories Bhabha consideration, represents Alexander's functions "as substructure emerging recognition two integral parts same polity" (38). introducing term narraphasia discussion, suggests infuses self-interrogation narrative order make reference inability write represent other. Invoking Spivak's expression slouching history," reshapes discussion regarding mechanics institutions inscriptions force particular kind performance securing voice minorities" (89). examining Seltsame Sterne starren zur Erde (2003) [Strange Stars Stare Toward Earth] illustrates how self-representation political function novel. Specifically, Özdamar's brief period Democratic Republic's history becomes focal point analysis. favors narrator's memory intervenes host nation's past, revealing subaltern pasts combination 677] recuperation recherché. Referencing Andreas Huyssen's... | review | en | German|Turkish|Orientalism|Multiculturalism|Hybridity|Art history|Sociology|Art|History|Literature|Anthropology|Philosophy|Linguistics|Archaeology|Pedagogy | https://doi.org/10.1353/cls.0.0100 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2039323453', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/cls.0.0100', 'mag': '2039323453'} | Turkey | C144024400 | Sociology | Comparative Literature Studies |
<i>Counterinsurgency and the Global War on Terror: Military Culture and Irregular War</i> (review) | Joseph R. Cerami (https://openalex.org/A5048374325) | 2,009 | Reviewed by: Counterinsurgency and the Global War on Terror: Military Culture Irregular Joseph R. Cerami War. By Robert M. Cassidy. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford Security Studies, 2008. ISBN 978-0-8047-5966-3. Tables. Notes. Bibliography. Index. Pp. 211. $23.95. Cassidy’s study of counterinsurgency continues a tradition Army officers, armed with advanced university degrees, who have wrestled topic irregular warfare in light Army’s preference for regular, conventional kind. The most influential include Andrew Krepinevich’s Vietnam more recent Learning to Eat Soup Knife by John Nagl. goal is ambitious, to: “look at both cultural impediments successful techniques waging counterinsurgency....” His intent “incorporating over century’s worth survey examples from several different military traditions.” In addition examining cultures Russia, America, Britain, author offers chapters al Qaeda’s ideology culture, as well implications U.S. “because it did very long time almost exclusively embrace conventional, bigwar, paradigm, detriment capacity prosecute counterinsurgency.” Obviously, scope breadth this book makes vulnerable criticism many directions. Let me point out obvious concerns, reasons that I will explain later. Equating Clausewitz proponents war Mao counterinsurgencies oversimplifies contributions each our understanding warfare. After all, provides foundation strategic thought—that is, about being continuation politics. And whether it’s Clausewitzian trinity or Colonel Summer’s American trinity, notion unifying government, army, people powerful combination has important any nation kind war, insurgencies included. Similarly, argue ultimately Mao’s Red overwhelmed Chiang Kai-Shek’s National using And, not discount improvements due Americans’ CORDS program [End Page 1393] Vietnam, Cassidy, Krepinevich, Nagl highlight, other historians remind us was North Vietnamese large unit, mechanized forces overran South Vietnam. recounting Russian history Chechnya, Cassidy gives credit “cunning Chechens” than he does staying power Army. although traditions service records British regiments remains standard all professional forces, we are reading much their success maintaining colonial empire term. No doubt, scholars specialize subject culture find room criticize brief summary “culture: political, strategic, military” draws older scholarship Clifford Geertz, Lucien Pye, Sidney Verba. These observations aside, there two aspects especially striking. first Nagl, Krepinevich draw similar conclusionsthat particular constrains creative thinking nature warfare, role All three coalesce around deeper organizational theory, change management, learning organization theory provide insights. How then ongoing training “indigenous counterinsurgent role” (as prescribes) Iraq Afghanistan today’s Army? Second, significant think, an in-depth political economic development, along sociology anthropology, context dealing insurgents fragile states. Those literatures digest even harder make generalizations about—as “truisms” “lessons learned”—despite desire capture essence complicated topics PowerPoint format. knowledge base doctrine economic, social development exist current scholarship? Back then—and timeless debates its dimensions. If mainly... | review | en | Spanish Civil War|Criticism|Insurgency|Asymmetric warfare|Ideology|Modern warfare|Law|Terrorism|Political science|Sociology|History|Politics | https://doi.org/10.1353/jmh.0.0384 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2004853511', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/jmh.0.0384', 'mag': '2004853511'} | Iraq | C144024400|C203133693 | Sociology|Terrorism | The Journal of Military History |
<i>Courage Rewarded: The Valour of Canadian Soldiers under Fire, 1900 to 2007</i> (review) | Carman Miller (https://openalex.org/A5090585171) | 2,009 | Reviewed by: Courage Rewarded: The Valour of Canadian Soldiers under Fire, 1900 to 2007 Carman Miller 2007. T. Robert Fowler. Victoria: Trafford, 2008. Pp. 369, $29.75 Fowler’s study describes the nature and administration awards twentieth-century soldiers fire during South [End Page 805] African War, Great Russian expeditions, Second World Korean conflict, how Canada’s fared within a British designed administered reward system. He explains this far from static system adapted changing technologies tactics warfare altered criteria creation complementary rewards, responded particular demands each conflict. A built upon assumptions about rank class need recognize varied contributions military success, became site debate over definitions courage, distinction between service gallantry, combat service, single or cumulative posthumous recognition, acceptance foreign awards, system’s politics administration. entailed an increasing demand for voice in distribution its forces, one that reflected social values (open all ranks) control, issue was resolved only 1993 with establishment own separate award system, including ‘Canadian’ Victoria Cross. Fowler introduces his useful but inconclusive discussion literature on character circumstances scientific attempts identify classify fear, physical personality types most likely exhibit courage battle, stressing importance primary group, leadership, training framing heroism. provides selective historical overview conflict consideration, paying special attention those engagements which earned followed by more detailed examination experience persons singled out recognition reward. points imperfect structure beginning overburdened unduly rigorous field commanders resulted unequal often inequitable real imagined injustices. Of conflicts examines, instructive is engagements, perhaps because it has been neglected overshadowed other conflicts, not least War. narrative sometimes approximate, such as assertion War lasted three years (46) rather than thirty-two months. One might also quibble choice examples heroic service: notably case total neglect stand-to-the-death Katsbosh Cossack post, manned four Pincher Creek ranchers. Perhaps few acts surpassed their concerted resistance. It serves excellent example group inspired 806] recently focus Fred Stenson’s novel Karoo (Doubleday, 2008). Poorly edited, book would have benefited careful proofreading. While author place larger comparative literature, statistical comparisons are if compares like things utilizes comparable systematic methods data; study, American Israeli data identifying classifying though interesting, may be very helpful. Nevertheless, opens interesting subject studies. McGill University Copyright © 2009 Toronto Press Incorporated | review | en | Courage|Military service|Politics|Miller|Law|History|Political science|Sociology|Psychology|Ecology|Biology | https://doi.org/10.1353/can.0.0253 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2084852326', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/can.0.0253', 'mag': '2084852326'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | The Canadian historical review |
<i>Covenant of Blood: Circumcision and Gender in Rabbinic Judaism</i> (review) | Tom F. Driver (https://openalex.org/A5087599711) | 1,997 | Book Reviews 137 shalom, best regards), and some basic Arabic Yiddish terms current in modem Israeli usage. All all, reading the book is a pleasurable learning experience. Snira L. Klein University of Judaism Covenant Blood: Circumcision Gender Rabbinic Judaism, by Lawrence A. Hoffman. Chicago Studies History ofJudaism. Chicago: ofChicago Press, 1996. 256 pp. $16.95. Hoffman professor liturgy at Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute Religion New York. To many American Jews present time, as he makes clear (including himself among them), circumcision has become problematic. While they feel, often strongly, an obligation to practice it, their consciences do not rest easy. Is meaningful today? it cruel? sexist? necessary survival Covenant, ultimate redemption all? Can be revised with integrity? Should scrapped? Over last twenty years, authored or edited eleven books. If we consider evolving character these, will impressed his concern ritual simply textual forms histories but, even more, public performances which only "official" (theologically sanctioned) meanings are encoded but also "public" (informally shared) abound. In Hoffman, moreover, fmd welcome combination historical scholarship ethical pastoral dedication. He knows that rituals matter. Beyond that, particular way oftheir mattering largely escaped purview most theology history ofreligion, up until rise studies two decades. Better than most, combines historicaVtextual knowledge awareness ofritual cultural religious performance, more analogous art theology, however closely latter may allied. For this, must grateful. But there more. endowed conscience attuned feminism. rejects idea important thing about women relation men-as men's wives, mothers, sisters, widows, etc. This regard for personhood ofwomen puts him odds key part ofthe legacy ofRabbinic is, far I can judge, very well informed. The begins description problematic surfaced reformist circles enlightened German century half ago: Rabbis apparently found possible commit nothing less liturgical surgery on 138 SHOFAR Summer 1997 Vol. 15, No.4 time-honored prayer book; could cancel age-old mourning wedding customs; declared Talmud no longer binding. They had trouble dispensing cutting off ties Jewish Land Israel. would think seriously declaring marriage non-Jew "not forbidden." abrogating circumcision. Moreover, agree males who circumcised still Jews! Nowhere else, ofmy knowledge, were reformers so adamimtly tied past case Why subject ofthis book. When earlier (from 70 CE Middle Ages) elaborated into rite, designedit accomplish major things: I) identification covenant passes ritually from father son, generation generation, without any religiously significant participation women. 2) replacement ofwomen's menstrual blood, together benign once had, blood shed circumcision, was life-giving-that say, salvific. "To speak bluntly," writes, what this study surprised me (though perhaps, retrospect, shouldn't have). What made uneasy.... [p]recisely because religion body, women's bodies became signifiers accepted gender essence, especially binary opposition ofmen's drawn during flows menstruation. opposition... | review | en | Judaism|Covenant|Theology|Scholarship|Sociology|Hebrew|Obligation|Religious studies|Law|Philosophy|Classics|History|Political science | https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.1997.0008 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2047968787', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/sho.1997.0008', 'mag': '2047968787'} | Israel | C144024400 | Sociology | Shofar |
<i>Covenant of Care: Newark Beth Israel and the Jewish Hospital in America</i> (review) | Holly Folk (https://openalex.org/A5013541314) | 2,008 | Reviewed by: Covenant of Care: Newark Beth Israel and the Jewish Hospital in America Holly Folk (bio) America. By Alan M. Kraut Deborah A. Kraut. Piscataway, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2007. vii + 328 pp. tells story New Jersey’s (NBIH), from its earliest operations a converted mansion to present status as “modern regional medical center” that is part major healthcare network. While primarily an institutional history, this case study reflects fate voluntary religious hospitals over course twentieth century. The first were established mid-nineteenth century, response outbreaks disease several cities. Even more opened during Progressive Era. founding resonated with core values tzedakah tikkun olam. They also arose form self-help at time when both doctors patients faced discrimination establishment was largely gentile. turn last century highlighted deep divisions Newark’s community. It required combined efforts women’s groups, doctors, businessmen, rabbis; these factions had competing agendas regarding health care provision, assimilation, traditional life. Among other issues, there no clear consensus on how “The Beth” should be; for example, parties grappled whether serve kosher meals doing so would cost few requested them. Tensions among stakeholders made many them reluctant support project left hospital vulnerable funding crises seldom abated. Although Krauts clearly love their subject, they do not hide internal conflicts. Their book remarkable accomplishment, fact, shedding light kinds factional disagreements often lie beneath surface philanthropic endeavors. finally 1902 soon outgrew High Street residence. A second building added 1908, between 1915 1920 able expand further by adding properties adjacent streets. In 1920s NBIH attained accreditation American College Surgeons. desire maintain good standing ACS inspired leaders once again upgrade facilities. 1928 controversial decision move out center Weequahic section, where population then migrating. Financial pressures troubled though, increased Great [End Page 122] Depression. As pledges pay off new went unfulfilled, staff forced accept cuts wards closed. After World War II, hit stride. ran own nursing school, published journal, became one small number community authorized run residency programs. Its physicians conducted pioneering research endocrinology, reproductive physiology, cardiac care. This transformation “the reflected rise “industrial medicine” 1950s well changes system, such proliferation private insurance greater availability federal money. Paradoxically, state-of-the-art facility coincided erosion Newark. 1950, but families began leave surrounding towns Essex county. explosion suburbs dispersed formerly supported financially through volunteer work. At same time, shift industry toward Sun Belt caused exodus jobs city. known poverty crime, dramatic riots 1967. result, augmented facilities treatment trauma victims. 1980s, redefined mission of... | review | en | Judaism|Covenant|History|Health care|Sociology|Religious studies|Law|Political science|Archaeology|Philosophy | https://doi.org/10.1353/ajh.0.0049 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W4254317373', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/ajh.0.0049'} | Israel | C144024400|C160735492 | Health care|Sociology | American Jewish History |
<i>Crazy World</i> (review) | Laurence Raw (https://openalex.org/A5067505141) | 2,010 | Reviewed by: Crazy World Laurence Raw World. Adapted by Barış Erdenk from The Insane of Valencia Lope de Vega. Van State Theatre at the Şinasi Sahnesi, Ankara, Turkey. 3 April 2009. differs many Vega’s most well-known comedies that deal with power love (for example, Idiot Lady). In terms theme and structure, it is closer to Dog in Manger; its use parody burlesque satirizes a society preoccupied hollow notions class behavior. set lunatic asylum, where inmates assume cast off various roles as they act out series dramatic performances for their own benefit. Using both translation Adalet Cimcoz quasi-Brechtian staging techniques, director updated play an attempt explain economic crisis dominates headlines contemporary Turkey, despite Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s insistence country has last “turned corner.” Erdenk’s view, had two principal causes: mistrust foreign investment, corrupt politicians. first these was clearly apparent comic piece, which one (unnamed) member impersonated Japanese entrepreneur vainly trying communicate prospective Turkish clients. spite his gestures politeness—inclining head, smiling, or standing attention like soldier—no seemed either willing able engage him. Eventually, he bundled unceremoniously offstage police officers. scene some good-natured fun expense Japanese, who were identified program note representatives kind global capitalism caused place. also indicated while business community plenty opportunity improve situation—through trade agreements, example—its underlying suspicion foreigners impeded success such initiatives. consequences this lack cross-cultural empathy emphasized dumb-show sequence (repeated throughout production), several actors dressed rags shuffled across stage. They new underclass: traders nothing sell, shop owners forced leave premises, migrants traveled east big cities (Ankara, Istanbul) west search work, but found available. Nothing—not even hope—could sustain them now; hopeless expressions suggested all look forward now painful half-life poverty. production, politicians blame crisis. This through techniques; having periodically step roles, turn toward audience, comment on what just performed. accused ministers siphoning public funds into bank accounts, claiming utterances working interest. One actor stressed hypocrisy not characteristic politicians; recent media revelations show [End Page 105] similar practices exist world over. What happens Turkey microcosm situation other countries, whether West elsewhere. Click larger view View full resolution Company (Photo: Yaşar Santoprak.) To strengthen production’s sociopolitical purpose, deliberately discouraged audience identification characters onstage. evident occasions, when interrupted performance deliver long, mock-Petrarchan speeches praise courtly love, laced lyrical metaphors aphoristic reflections. There no particular reason do than showing off. same applied musicians, sat right stage playing variety tunes: Spanish dances, folksongs, satirical poems delivered Sprechstimme (“speech-voice,” melody spoken approximate pitch, sung). began inopportune moments—during middle speech, example—in brazen solicit our attention. Although strategy irritated... | review | en | Lunatic|Comics|Art|Idiot|State (computer science)|History|Law|Sociology|Humanities|Literature|Political science|Algorithm|Computer science | https://doi.org/10.1353/tj.0.0328 | {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1993933269', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/tj.0.0328', 'mag': '1993933269'} | Turkey|West Bank | C144024400 | Sociology | Theatre Journal |
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