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http://health.costhelper.com/occupational-therapy.html | CostHelper > Health & Personal Care > Therapies & Alternative Treatments > Occupational Therapy Occupational Therapy Cost How Much Does Occupational Therapy Cost ? With Health Insurance : Copays + 10 % - 50 % Coinsurance Without Health Insurance : $ 50 - $ 400 Per Hour Post Tweet Comments ( 1 ) Occupational therapy typically involves working with a patient and tailoring the environment to help patients with physical , mental or emotional disabilities to perform daily tasks at home or work . Occupational therapy can be used for patients with a wide range of conditions and problems , including serious injury , learning or developmental disabilities , recovery from strokes and heart attacks , surgery , cancer , mental health issues and arthritis . Typical costs : Occupational therapy typically is covered by health insurance in certain cases . For example , Aetna 1 considers short - term occupational therapy medically necessary to help regain daily living functions lost as a result of an injury or illness , but typically does not cover it when the primary diagnosis is mental retardation or developmental delay . Some policies limit the total number of sessions . For patients covered by health insurance , typical out - of - pocket costs consist of coinsurance of 10 % - 50 % and copays for any required medical devices . For patients not covered by health insurance , occupational therapy typically costs about $ 150 - $ 200 for an initial evaluation , then $ 50 - $ 400 per hour , depending on the type of service and the provider ; costs tend to be on the higher end through a hospital . For example , One on One , a provider in Texas who does not bill insurance directly , charges $ 50 an hour , with a 25 - cent per - mile surcharge for trips of more than 12 miles . Garden City Hospital 2 in Michigan charges $ 100 per session . ECS Therapy 3 in Pennsylvania charges $ 200 for an initial evaluation , then $ 65 for a half - hour session - - or $ 130 an hour . Akron General Hospital 4 in Ohio charges $ 170 $ 50 - $ 100 per 15 minutes - - or $ 200 - $ 400 per hour - - depending on the type of therapy performed . Related articles : Speech Therapy Physical Therapy Health Insurance What should be included : The occupational therapist typically will meet with a patient for an initial assessment and to formulate a therapy plan . Therapy sessions typically are tailored to the individual case and can include work on skills ranging from getting dressed to driving , exercises to improve strength and flexibility , recommendations on adjustments to home and work environments to accommodate the individual , and help learning to use any necessary assistive or medical devices . WebMD has an overview of occupational therapy 5 Additional costs : Assistive devices 6 might be recommended . For example , Rehabmart . com charges $ 10 - $ 150 or more for kitchen tools 7 such as jar openers , bag sealers and one - handed vegetable peelers ; less than $ 20 - $ 70 or more for talking watches 8 $ 30 - $ 250 or more for low - vision phones 9 , voice - activated phone dialers and answering machines ; less than $ 15 - $ 200 or more for hand , finger or arm splints 10 $ 20 - $ 200 for reachers 11 to help pick up and grasp objects ; and $ 50 - $ 500 or more for a bathing benches 12 Discounts : Some clinics offer occupational therapy . The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services offers a locator for clinics 13 that provide discounts on an income - based sliding scale . Shopping for occupational therapy : A primary care physician or specialist can provide a referral to an occupational therapist . Occupational therapy is regulated at a state level . The National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy provides a state - by - state list 14 of regulatory bodies that oversee occupational therapy . It is important to make sure an occupational therapist is credentialed by the proper state regulatory agency . At a minimum , an occupational therapist should have a master ' s degree from a school accredited by the Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education 15 . In addition , occupational therapists can choose to become certified , and consumers can contact the National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy 16 to verify certification . Material on this page is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice . Always consult your physician or pharmacist regarding medications or medical procedures . Post Tweet Comments ( 1 ) CostHelper News Forgotten Expenses In a Home Addition Budget Items like construction costs , permit fees or debris removal are n ' t the only expenses to consider when calculating the total costs of a home remodeling project . | | Posted August 5 2013 10 Most Popular Cosmetic Procedures Before the Holidays With reunions and other get - togethers scheduled during the holiday season , most people want to look their best at this time of year . For some , that means filling in those wrinkles with a bit of botox , or having a nip and tuck down here and there . | | Posted November 23 2013 ‣ All CostHelper Blog Posts What People Are Paying - Recent Comments Extreme cost of OT for very mild autistic child Amount : $ 364.00 Posted by : MOMof Spectrum son in richmond , VA . Posted : May 27th , 2016 06 : 05AM Number of Sessions : 1 Required Medical Devices : 0 So crazy what does he get for 364 hour ? ? ? Way too much ! ! ! ! so not fair ! ! ! He is mildly autistic and does not require any special equipment . his therapist are about 22 years old , I am 40 with a PHD in mental health and I do n ' t even make 10 % of that ! thats whats wrong with health care in this country ! ! ! ! ! ! Was this post helpful to you ? yes no Report prohibited or spam Comment On Your Experience With Occupational Therapy Subject : Amount Spent : Number of Sessions : Required Medical Devices : Comments : Purchased : Year : City : State : Information about you : Email : * Email addresses are not displayed . * = required field . External Resources : www . aetna . com / cpb / medical / data / 200_299 / 0250 . html www . gch . org / Home . aspx ? id = 219&sid = 1 www . ecstherapy . com / fee - schedule . html www . akrongeneral . org / portal / page / portal / AGMC_PAGEGROUP / Price_guide / PRICE_GUIDE3a www . webmd . com / pain - management / tc / occupational - therapy - overview www . rehabmart . com / all - categories . asp www . rehabmart . com / category / Kitchen_Gadgets . htm www . rehabmart . com / category / Ladies_Talking_Watches . htm www . rehabmart . com / category / Low_Vision_Telephones . htm www . rehabmart . com / category / Hand_and_Finger_Splints . htm www . rehabmart . com / category / Reachers . htm www . rehabmart . com / category / Bath_Bench . htm findahealthcenter . hrsa . gov / Search_HCC . aspx www . nbcot . org / index . php ? option = com_content&view = article&id = 17&Itemid = 111 www . aota . org / Educate / Schools . aspx www . nbcot . org / index . php ? option = com_content&view = article&id = 23&Itemid = 51 More Health & Personal Care Topics Check Out All Costs for Health & Personal Care How Much Does a Tummy Tuck Cost ? How Much Does Medical Marijuana Cost ? How Much Do Braces Cost ? Search Thousands of Topics on CostHelper . com How much does cost ? About CostHelper CostHelper is based in Silicon Valley and provides consumers with unbiased price information about thousands of goods and services . Our writers are experienced journalists who adhere to our strict editorial ethics policy | [
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http://health.costhelper.com/root-canal.html | CostHelper > Health & Personal Care > Dentistry & Orthodontics > Root Canal Root Canal Cost How Much Does a Root Canal Cost ? Front Tooth : $ 300 - $ 1,500 Bicuspid : $ 400 - $ 1,800 Molar : $ 500 - $ 2,000 Post Tweet Comments ( 205 ) Root canal therapy involves the soft inner core of a tooth , called the pulp . Running like a thread from near the top of the tooth down through its root , the pulp provides the tooth with nutrients and nerves . If the pulp is diseased or injured , the pulp tissue dies . Without treatment , the surrounding tissue becomes infected and abscesses can form . Typical costs : A front tooth typically has one canal while a rear molar may have three or more , so the cost of root canal treatment depends on the number of canals in the tooth , the location of the tooth ( ease of access ) and the training and experience of the dental professional . Root canals can be done by general dentists or by root canal specialists called endodontists , who typically work on the most difficult cases and charge 30 % - 50 % more than general dentists . Dental insurance might cover 40 % - 80 % of the costs , depending on the terms of the policy . However , many dental plans only pay a maximum of $ 1,000 - $ 1,500 per year for all covered dental procedures . On a front tooth , root canal treatment can cost $ 300 - $ 1,500 or more but typically is about $ 900 - $ 1,100 depending on complexity and whether the work is done by a dentist or an endodontist . For example , CostHelper readers without insurance coverage report paying $ 960 - $ 1,348 for a front tooth root canal , at an average cost of $ 1,156 . CostHelper readers with insurance report out - of - pocket costs of $ 243 - $ 1,200 , for an average payment of $ 608 A root canal on a bicuspid or premolar tooth ( mid - mouth ) can cost $ 400 - $ 1,800 or more , but typically is about $ 900 - $ 1,100 . CostHelper readers without insurance report paying $ 600 - $ 1,550 , or an average cost of $ 957 . CostHelper readers with insurance report out - of - pocket expenses of $ 290 - $ 375 , or an average cost of $ 333 Root canal therapy on a back molar can be $ 500 - $ 2,000 or more , but typically costs about $ 1,000 - $ 1,300 . CostHelper readers without insurance report paying $ 500 - $ 1,583 at an average cost of $ 1,184 . CostHelper readers with insurance report out - of - pocket expenses of $ 300 - $ 1,654 , with an average payment of $ 682 Related articles : Dental Crown Dental Implants Dental Veneers Tooth Extraction Teeth Cleaning What should be included : An X - ray is taken to reveal the shape of the canals and any bone infection . Once the area is numb , a rubber sheet isolates the tooth , which is drilled open , cleaned using pin - sized files and suction , filled , sealed and covered . The Mayo Clinic offers a slide show 1 illustrating this process . A root canal is often completed in one appointment , although it can require three or more visits depending on the extent and complexity of the problem , including if it ' s necessary to let an infection clear up before the canal is sealed . Once the root canal is completed , additional dental appointments will be needed to finish restoring the tooth with a filling or a crown , but this restoration work is not considered part of the root canal process . There are many commonly held beliefs about root canals that are incorrect , like the perception that the procedure itself is painful . The American Association of Edodontists explains common root canal myths 2 Additional costs : If the initial consultation determines that the root canal must be done on an emergency basis , there may be a same - day - , next - day - or weekend - procedure fee of $ 50 - $ 100 or more . After the root canal is done , the tooth is typically topped with a dental crown , which can cost $ 500 - $ 1,500 or more per tooth for all - porcelain crowns ( typically used on front teeth ) ; $ 800 - $ 2,500 or more for metal ( typically used on out - of - sight back molars ) ; or $ 800 - $ 3,000 or more for porcelain - fused - to - metal crowns ( which can be used on front or back teeth ) . Or in a few cases , only a filling is needed , at an additional cost of $ 90 - $ 300 or more . Discounts : The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research lists tips for finding low - cost dental care 3 Dental school clinics 4 may offer reduced rates for services by supervised students or faculty . Shopping for a root canal : If the patient has dental insurance , the insurance company will provide a list of approved dentists . If the root canal is complicated , most dentists will provide a referral to a local endodontist . Search for a local dentist through the American Dental Association 5 or for an endodontist through the American Association of Endodontists 6 WedMD lists factors to consider when choosing a dentist 7 Material on this page is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice . Always consult your physician or pharmacist regarding medications or medical procedures . Post Tweet Comments ( 205 ) CostHelper News Forgotten Expenses In a Home Addition Budget Items like construction costs , permit fees or debris removal are n ' t the only expenses to consider when calculating the total costs of a home remodeling project . | | Posted August 5 2013 10 Most Popular Cosmetic Procedures Before the Holidays With reunions and other get - togethers scheduled during the holiday season , most people want to look their best at this time of year . For some , that means filling in those wrinkles with a bit of botox , or having a nip and tuck down here and there . | | Posted November 23 2013 ‣ All CostHelper Blog Posts What People Are Paying - Recent Comments Page 7 of 7 - < < Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 cash price root canal for molar Amount : $ 1,300.00 Posted by : Adopted Buckeye in Toledo , OH . Posted : March 6th , 2019 04 : 03AM Which Tooth : molar Practitioner : Price was for an x - ray and root canal only . Spent another $ 200 at my regular dentist to place permanent filling Was this post helpful to you ? yes no Report prohibited or spam How do you know you need a 2nd root canal 20 years later ? Amount : $ 1,400.00 Posted by : SeekingAnswers in Murrieta , CA . Posted : October 15th , 2017 11 : 10AM Which Tooth : Wisdom tooth on lower right Practitioner : Andy Endodontist The crowned twice and RCed tooth ( 20 years ago ) began to feel high . It was hard to chew on it . Was sent to Endodontist who took X - rays and panoramic X - rays . Tooth looked OK to me . He filed down high spots on tooth . Said he would do 2nd root canal , even though it looked OK . No guarantee it would stop irritation in tooth . Charged me $ 280 for X - rays I went home w / o $ 1400 root canal . Other experiences ? Was this post helpful to you ? yes no Report prohibited or spam Root Canal Amount : $ 0.00 Will82 in Charleston , MO . August 11th , 2017 11 : 08AM Rear upper molar Spent nothing and got appointment in 2 hours at one of the top endodontist in Charleston SC . Very surprised since I ' m in the military . Mom ' s Root Canal Amount : $ 1,100.00 Jay Michael in Livonia , MI . April 15th , 2017 08 : 04AM Not Sure Mom has no dental insurance , so pays " cash " to her dentist for each visit . She recently had to have a root canal re - done . . .and as a " Cash Payor " here bill was $ 1100 . Just wondering what the total allowed cost would have been , had she had insurance . Normally Ins Companies make the dentist accept what they will pay . Just wondering if my Mom is being " over charged " because she is a cash customer Mom ' s Root Canal Amount : $ 1,100.00 Jay Michael in Livon , MI . April 15th , 2017 08 : 04AM Not Sure Mom has no dental insurance , so pays " cash " to her dentist for each visit . She recently had to have a root canal re - done . . .and as a " Cash Payor " here bill was $ 1100 . Just wondering what the total allowed cost would have been , had she had insurance . Normally Ins Companies make the dentist accept what they will pay . Just wondering if my Mom is being " over charged " because she is a cash customer root canal Amount : $ 52.00 Sherry Powell in Marietta , GA . April 7th , 2017 05 : 04AM 41 ( bottom rt molar coastal dental to Dentist , had xrays , not digital told I needed root canal . Was quoted 2300 for root canal . Was in considerable pain . Referred to their endodonist , but could n ' t get to me for 10 days . Dentist gave me 10 pills of Tramadol . No antibiotics . Waiting 10 days so long in pain , I asked if anyone could see me sooner . No , but they called another they sometime worked with , & they could n ' t see me any sooner except for a consult of $ 125.00 I Root canal Amount : $ 1,295.00 Jandy in Port Saint Lucie , FL . February 21st , 2017 12 : 02PM Upper bicuspid Endodontist and DMD Referred by my DMD to an edodontist who charged me $ 1100 . Left with a temporary filling . Returned to DMD to change temp . to permanent . DMD charged me another $ 195 . Why ? ! Dental repair is outrageously costly . Whatever happened to senior discounts , fairness to those who struggle . A statement , not a question . Root canal Amount : $ 1,372.00 Robert Fox in Brentwood , TN . February 10th , 2017 03 : 02PM Bicuspid Dr . Hicks Very professional . Took about 45 minutes . Some pain as he approached root but additional aenesthetic took care of it . . seems very expensive to me . Took about 45 minutes . . he must make a boatload of $ $ ! Root Canal Amount : $ 67.00 Kammy in Anchorage , AK . January 13th , 2017 10 : 01AM bottom back tooth Glacier Dental , Anchorage , AK I was in the Army and they give me a filling on the top of the cavities . 3 years later my tooth started to hurts . Went to Glacier Dental got a root canal and Dentist found cavities under the tooth , of course . Luckily I had 2 insurance . I end up paying $ 67 out of pocket . The staff is so nice . I was there about 2 1 / 2 hours on January 2017 . root canal and porcelian ceramic crown Amount : $ 2,034.00 a user in Scottsdale , AZ . August 1st , 2016 11 : 08AM 20 Sid Stevens First started with a check up at another dentist who reported a cavity . Had that filled for $ 285.00 . Within a few days started to pain . Was not satisfied with practitioner so went to Dr . Stevens who performed root canal $ 699 with crown and build up $ 1335 . Not happy about the prior dentist ' s findings or this outcome since no cavity on # 20 reported a few months prior at a cleaning . The dental industry is way out of control in pricing . In an industry where persons should want to Root Canal & Crown Placement w / no insurance Amount : $ 1,650.00 In pain . in Lantana , FL . June 8th , 2016 09 : 06AM # 14 Healthy Smiles Phase 1 : Root canal $ 800 . Phase 2 : Crown buildup $ 150 . Phase 2 : Crown porcelain $ 700 . Drilled Through Crown Amount : $ 1,000.00 MattM in Omaha , NE . March 22nd , 2016 06 : 03AM Just behind upper left canine Drilled through the crown to redo root canal due to last bit of root apparently was n ' t cleared in previous root canal 10 years ago . Procedure was fine . Cost was ridiculous , then , before I could get in to get a permanent filling in the crown , the crown broke ! Now I get to pay for another crown . Dental insurance maxed out with a single tooth due to earlier procedure done incorrectly and oral surgeon that broke existing crown . non performace fees if endodontist declines to do the job Amount : $ 0.00 root canal non performance fee question in vermont , VT . February 20th , 2016 09 : 02AM the endondontist specialist group here has few choices . Both of them charge hefty fee $ 500 if after consultation the specialist declines or thinks he / she can not complete the procedure ! has anyone run into this or does it just occur to non insured people ? where does this leave the patient ? I was told : you can usually make an appt at an oral surgeon for an extraction , but not there of course . more money for a dentist . should n ' t this be illegal ? however , general traditional dentists here Root Canlal mid molar Amount : $ 2,250.00 Ohio dude in Columbus , OH . January 26th , 2016 10 : 01AM mid molar Oak Creek Dental Ohio $ 2250 with insurance paying $ 750 . The tooth already had one root canal but it got an infection so they want to do another one . I ' m wondering if extraction would be better . I ' m over 60 . Root Canal in CA - not done obtaining quotes Amount : $ 3,000.00 BUR in West Covina , CA . January 7th , 2016 04 : 01AM Molar Newport Dentistry 2016 They offered no discount for paying cash . I also asked for a quote dentures , root canal and repair ( cosmetically ) two front teeth . They asked for 13,000 . Dentures NOT dental implants Amount : $ 846.00 LiSA Roy in Houston , TX . December 11th , 2015 07 : 12AM Mid Mouth tooth Endonotics I paid out of pocket after insurance 846.00 , now I was told the bone crack completely , so I had to have emergency extractions . I was told I would receive a refund since the root canal was incomplete . How much is the average cost of an incomplete root canal root canal for 1 tooth # 30 2 roots Amount : $ 160.00 Mr . Ed in Ponta de Lagado , Other . November 20th , 2015 03 : 11AM 30 CSG dental Clinic Just had this done yesterday , in PDL Azores . This place is top notch . ( much better than the dentists I ' ve seen in Boston ) The dentist spent 1 hour removing the roots cost including 4 or 5x - rays to make sure the entire roots were removed . I ' m from Boston Massachusetts where cost would have been about $ 1,000 . I week before ths visit , i had an initial consult and cavity filled for $ 55 . root canal through crown Amount : $ 2,300.00 David Rodriguez in San Luis Obispo , CA . November 19th , 2015 09 : 11PM # 14 Lloyd marcum Expensive for one hour of work . Very expensive Amount : $ 3,088.00 nongnuj somvong in Falls Church , VA . September 12th , 2015 06 : 09PM # 15 and # 19 Dr . David Palmieri , Virginia Very expensive , they did n ' t want to tell you the price before start to do root canal . It took 30 mins . and cost so much . Matter of fact he had done the wrong tooth . The Universal number that referring to particular teeth does n ' t mean anything if that doctor in hurry or greedy or did n ' t pay attention about what did he see in Ex - ray . General dentist referred to have # 15 and # 19 for root canal . I do n ' t know what Upper Pre - Molar Root Canal : My Very First ! Amount : $ 393.90 Ann H . in Santa Clarita , CA . September 1st , 2015 01 : 09PM PreMolar Bicuspid - Upper General Dentist Only one root on this upper tooth so fee was $ 798 plus $ 165 for the filling . It was the most simple RC type they said . ( This tooth already has a crown so it was drilled into and then resealed ) Insurance covered 558.60 for root canal and 115.50 for filling ( filling is a separate cost ) . My share was 30 % since this dentist is not in my PPO . He was quick , efficient , and the RC was painless including the injections . RC was performed yesterday at 5 : 00 Anxiety Gone Amount : $ 2,106.00 Anxiety Gone in Manhattan Beach , CA . August 5th , 2015 04 : 08PM # 6 and # 9 Manhattan Dental Esthetics I had two root canals done . Each one costs $ 1425 ( root canal $ 1195 and $ 230 for the buildup ) . My insurance paid 60 % because the office is not part of the " network . " However , I only had $ 744 remaining of my $ 1000 / year insurance . I will go back in a few weeks to add more injury to my wallet when I get the crowns . The crowns for each tooth will cost $ 1800 . That ' s a total of $ 3225 per tooth . root canal Amount : $ 1,500.00 Herb in Natick , MA . June 6th , 2015 03 : 06AM 15 Wellesley Endodontics Paid $ 1,500 ! for the root canal on tooth 15 and just got estimate from my dentist for another $ 2.000 for the Crowne which is another 2 visits + another bill for the initial X - ray . I live in Massachusetts but now may want to move to another state over oversea just to get a fair price COMPLEX ROOT CANAL Amount : $ 276.00 KaiKai ' s Mom in Kailua , O ' ahu , HI . June 2nd , 2015 01 : 06AM 14 - Left Upper back molar Dr . Aime Kim With insurance cost me $ 276 I was not happy paying it , but after reading about the other costs , guess it was n ' t to bad . Procedure was long . . .more complex then initially thought , it was uncomfortable but bearable . Endo was personable and caring . . .highly touted in my area for being THE place to get quality root canals ! Lol ! Next is a crown . . .my dental office quoted around $ 600 - $ 800 . . .WITH insurance . This is new insurance and I have a Only Root Canal - Bicuspid Amount : $ 1,089.00 Chief in Moreno Valley , CA . March 18th , 2015 12 : 03PM # 21 Moreno Valley Endodontics Split root was a little longer than most but only took 90 mins . Painless and simple . Root Canal Cost Amount : $ 995.00 Little insurance in Sheldon , IA . March 17th , 2015 11 : 03AM back molar Sheldon Family Dental Clinic The procedure itself was n ' t horrible , really no pain . .took about 90 minutes . I do think the cost is a little high . . .don ' t have good insurance . $ 500 maximum per year and I ' ve already had my checkout come out of that . With the crown , I ' m guessing I ' ll easily have about $ 1200 out of pocket expense . My tooth was n ' t infected . . .lost the crown with too much tooth attached . Other than pulling the tooth , you Root canal and crown back molar Amount : $ 130.00 Belinda in mt . kisco , NY . February 19th , 2015 12 : 02PM 18 I just had a root canal . Out of pocket I paid $ 130 for the procedure and $ 640 for the crown . Root Canal Costs mimi1964 in cullman , AL . February 16th , 2015 01 : 02PM I have n ' t had my root canal yet but I ' m going tomorrow at 9 : 00a . m . As for people complaining about the high cost they have a right to complain . I believe that dentist and doctors far too often charge an outlandish price for what they do . Yes , the cost of living has gone up , while the quality of things remains the same . IE . . . gas is still made like it was 20 yrs . ago , however we pay far more for it . Quiet root canal through crown Amount : $ 1,850.00 noel baratta in Naples , NJ . January 20th , 2015 05 : 01PM 4 roots were done through my crown . The crown was filled but will need to be replaced Not cheap but I think he did it right ! Amount : $ 1,345.00 Love the Blues in Chicago ( Niles ) , IL . December 29th , 2014 02 : 12PM 14 Dr Brett Gilbert No insurance - Referred by General Dentist - three appointment process - evaluation , initial procedure ( a week ago ) & completion ( today ) after a week of antibiotics to get rid of infection . He was very competent , administered local anesthetic without even feeling the shot , minimal pain until the infection broke out day after 1st procedure but the antibiotic quickly controlleed that . I guess I paid a premium but I think it was woth it to get it done right . Now the crown and more money ! My root canal . . .TODAY Amount : $ 2,900.00 Eryn Arnold in fallbrook , CA . December 3rd , 2014 01 : 12PM Mid molar upper right side Right no pain , ok . I went in at 8am was done at noon . Where are you people going that they finish in 20 minutes ? Wow . Insane cost 2,900.00 bucks . My " full coverage " dental insurance paid 2000.00 . Hope my kids understand why they will get no gifts for Christmas . How do you wrap a tooth ? In soo much pain Team No Root Canals in South Gate , CA . September 29th , 2014 06 : 09PM # 3 bottom back molar None I went to what seems like a private dental office - I think ! Why are root canals so expensive ! They quoted me 1,995 with a porcelain crown . With out it would be $ 800 cheaper . Still shopping around while in soo much pain ! Help ! Amount : $ 945.00 No longer in Pain in Northbrook , IL . September 16th , 2014 12 : 09PM # 22 Lower Jaw Dr . Rosenbaum No visible decay on tooth . Nerve died and abscess was extremely painful . Page 7 of 7 - < < Previous Comment On Your Experience With a Root Canal External Resources : www . mayoclinic . com / health / root - canal / DE00010 www . aae . org / Search . aspx www . nidcr . nih . gov / oralhealth / popularpublications / findinglowcostdentalcare / www . ada . org / 267 . aspx www . mouthhealthy . org / en / find - a - dentist . aspx www . aae . org / Patients / Find . aspx www . webmd . com / oral - health / guide / finding - dentist More Health & Personal Care Topics Check Out All Costs for Health & Personal Care How Much Does a Heart Stent Cost ? How Much Does a Tummy Tuck Cost ? How Much Does Medical Marijuana Cost ? Search Thousands of Topics on CostHelper . com How much does cost ? About CostHelper CostHelper is based in Silicon Valley and provides consumers with unbiased price information about thousands of goods and services . Our writers are experienced journalists who adhere to our strict editorial ethics policy | [
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http://health.costhelper.com/shoulder-pain.html | CostHelper > Health & Personal Care > Orthopedics and Injuries > Dislocated Shoulder Dislocated Shoulder Cost How Much Does a Dislocated Shoulder Cost ? With Health Insurance : 10 % - 50 % Coinsurance Without Health Insurance : $ 1,000 - $ 8,000 + Post Tweet Comments ( 4 ) A shoulder dislocation can be a serious injury and symptoms can include severe pain , swelling and an arm that appears to be slightly turned . Typical costs : Without health insurance , diagnosis and treatment for a dislocated shoulder typically includes the cost of the X - ray , a facility fee and a doctor fee for a typical total of less than $ 1,000 if anesthesia is not required up to $ 8,000 or more if anesthesia is required . A shoulder X - ray costs an average of $ 210 , according to NewChoiceHealth . com 1 , but some providers charge $ 1,500 or more . Treatment of a dislocated shoulder without anesthesia costs about $ 400 , not including the doctor fee , while treatment with anesthesia ranges from $ 2,400 to $ 8,700 , not including the doctor fee , according to Saint Elizabeth Regional Medical Center 2 in Lincoln , Nebraska . A typical doctor fee could range from $ 250 to $ 950 for the procedure , according to Carolina Orthopaedic Surgery Associates 3 Treatment for a dislocated shoulder is typically covered by health insurance . A patient with insurance would typically pay an X - ray copay , an office visit copay and coinsurance of 30 % or more for the procedure . The cost could reach the yearly out - of - pocket maximum if anesthesia is required . Related articles : MRI Fitness Club What should be included : Dislocated shoulders often are treated in an emergency room , where the doctor will order an X - ray to confirm the diagnosis , then will physically relocate the shoulder and apply a sling to hold it in place . eMedicineHealth . com offers an overview of dislocated shoulder treatment 4 Additional costs : A shoulder sling 5 , often used during the recovery process , can cost $ 30 $ 80 or more . A shoulder brace 6 , which might be worn by an athlete whose shoulder was dislocated , can cost $ 30 $ 50 or more . Going to an emergency room for initial treatment could add an emergency room visit fee of $ 500 or more to the final bill . Discounts : Some hospitals and orthopedic specialists offer discounts for uninsured / cash paying patients . For example , Washington Hospital Healthcare System 7 in California offers a 35 % discount for uninsured patients as well as a financial assistance program for qualifying uninsured patients . And the Southern California Orthopedic Institute offers discounted services for cash - paying patients . Some free clinics , such as the Community Health Free Clinic 8 in Chicago , offer orthopedic specialty care . The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 9 offers a directory of federally funded health centers . These centers are open to anyone and fees are charged on a sliding scale based on federal poverty guidelines ; the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommends contacting clinics directly for specific information on their discount policies . If the nearest clinic does n ' t offer orthopedic care , ask for a referral . Shopping for a dislocated shoulder : A dislocated shoulder might require immediate treatment at a hospital emergency room . An orthopedic surgeon would treat a dislocated shoulder , but it also could be treated by a sports medicine doctor . The American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery 10 offers an orthopedic surgeon locator by city , state or zip code . The American Osteopathic Academy of Sports Medicine offers a doctor locator . Material on this page is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice . Always consult your physician or pharmacist regarding medications or medical procedures . Post Tweet Comments ( 4 ) CostHelper News Forgotten Expenses In a Home Addition Budget Items like construction costs , permit fees or debris removal are n ' t the only expenses to consider when calculating the total costs of a home remodeling project . | | Posted August 5 2013 10 Most Popular Cosmetic Procedures Before the Holidays With reunions and other get - togethers scheduled during the holiday season , most people want to look their best at this time of year . For some , that means filling in those wrinkles with a bit of botox , or having a nip and tuck down here and there . | | Posted November 23 2013 ‣ All CostHelper Blog Posts What People Are Paying - Recent Comments Dislocated Shoulder Amount : $ 35.00 Posted by : Krist10marie in Dallas , GA . Posted : February 19th , 2018 06 : 02PM Insurance : none Fell and dislocated my shoulder . Fire department helped me up . Went to our Chiropractor and he took Xrays to confirm it was not broken just dislocated . He reset my shoulder back in place and charged me just $ 35 . What a huge blessing ! Was this post helpful to you ? yes no Report prohibited or spam Cost to treat dislocated shoulder out of pocket w / insurance Amount : $ 1,728.00 Posted by : Wayne2 in San Antonio , TX . Posted : July 14th , 2016 02 : 07PM Type of Treatment : Dislocated shoulder Medical Center : Santa Christus Rosa Insurance : Humana Due to the criminal practice of balance billing at Humana ' s in - network facility . Tejano Emergency Physicians billed me $ 977.28 on top of me paying around $ 751 for the Hospital bill . Total around $ 1728 out of pocket . Was this post helpful to you ? yes no Report prohibited or spam Cost to treat dislocated shoulder Amount : $ 2,037.00 Donna Munsen in Bayonet Point , FL . November 2nd , 2013 02 : 11PM Type of Treatment : Dislocated shoulder Medical Center : RMC Bayonet Point FL none I dislocated my shoulder on 6 / 21 / 2006 and went to the E.R. where I spent the entire night because the doctor ' s could n ' t put it back into the socket . Next morning , an orthopedic doctor came and fixed it in less than 5 minutes ( his charge was separate , fair AND paid in full ) . The E.R. doctors tried 2x ' s and each time took x - rays afterward to see if they fixed it , which they did not . I researched the medical codes the hospital used Cost to treat dislocated shoulder Amount : $ 2,262.00 Venu Valluri in Bloomington , IL . May 12th , 2013 09 : 05PM OSF st Joseph medical center Aetna OSF charged $ 2100 for medical services and Aetna paid $ 200 + and I paid $ 962 . I pay $ 1000 a month for medical insurance provided through my employer . Now I got one more bill from the Dr who treated me for $ 1300 for his medical services . Something is wronging the system if I pay $ 2262 for a dislocated shoulder with insurance coverage . Comment On Your Experience With a Dislocated Shoulder External Resources : www . newchoicehealth . com / Directory / Procedure / 97 / Shoulder % 20X - Ray tp . chi . acelogicus . net / nese / Default . aspx www . c - osa . com / charges . htm www . emedicinehealth . com / shoulder_dislocation / page6_em . htm www . allegromedical . com / browse / browseProducts . do ? categoryKey = 4102&sortOrder = 4&searchPhra . . . www . return2fitness . net / Supports_And_Braces / Shoulder_Supports www . whhs . com / about / washington - hospital - discount - policy - for - uninsured / www . communityhfc . org / referals . htm findahealthcenter . hrsa . gov / Search_HCC . aspx www . abos . org / find - a - certified - orthopaedic - surgeon . aspx More Health & Personal Care Topics Check Out All Costs for Health & Personal Care How Much Does a Knee Brace Cost ? How Much Does an Emergency Room Visit Cost ? How Much Does an X - Ray Cost ? Search Thousands of Topics on CostHelper . com How much does cost ? About CostHelper CostHelper is based in Silicon Valley and provides consumers with unbiased price information about thousands of goods and services . Our writers are experienced journalists who adhere to our strict editorial ethics policy | [
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http://health.csusb.edu/dchen/368%20stuff/nutr%20support%20ch%2020%20368.htm | Welcome The CSUSB Department of Health Science and Human Ecology is currently at an exciting moment of growth and we are thrilled about your interest . Standing , left to right : Paulchris Okpala , Sen Padilla , Monideepa Becerra , Salome Kapella - Mshigeni , Nicole Henley , Claudia Davis , Lal Mian , Ted Coleman , Joe Hughes Sitting , left to right : Dorothy Chen , Angie Denise Otiniano Verissimo Spotlights Tue , March 12 , 2019 U.S. News & World Report lists CSUSB among the nation ’ s top graduate schools " The rankings listed CSUSB ’ s programs in rehabilitation counseling ( 67 ) , social work ( 121 ) , public affairs ( 121 ) , part - time MBA ( 159 ) , and public health . " “ It is truly gratifying to see these outstanding programs receiving this recognition , ” said CSUSB President Tomás D . Morales . “ It ’ s a tribute to the dedication and initiative of our amazing faculty and staff , who are dedicated to ensuring our students get the best programs possible . ” Mission Statement Our mission of the Department is to prepare highly competent professionals who are well prepared in the disciplines of public health including environmental health science , health care management and administration , nutrition and food sciences , and public health education , and to maintain the department as a public health leader within the University ' s service area . Graduates will exhibit broad health science knowledge , applied technical and human skills , clear personal and social values , civic commitment to the community , and a desire for lifelong learning and achievement . To this end , we We help students prepare for jobs in local health departments , community organizations , health services , schools , hospitals , industry , tribal health , and many other sites . Our students may also pursue graduate programs in research , epidemiology , physician assistant , nursing , occupational and respiratory therapies , and other allied health careers . Values Our values serve as a guide in the work we do in the pursuit of effectiveness and excellence . We value : Innovation Innovative approaches to educate and inspire faculty and students in teaching , learning , and addressing health matters . Equity Fairness and social justice in addressing individual and population health . Advocacy Actions to achieve equitable access to public health , health resources , and public policies . Interdisciplinary Collaboration Using an ecological framework and reasoned debate in collaborative approaches across disciplines to advance scientific knowledge , and improve individual and population health . Student Centered Learning A dynamic learning community that fosters engaged learning where students have a voice in the process of their education including practical opportunities for problem solving . Professionalism Honesty and mutual respect in teaching , learning , and public service as we engage students in activities to advance a sense of the profession as they assume duties and responsibilities in health careers . Diversity A respect for all people in global and local communities and to appreciate diverse cultures ’ perspectives , and beliefs as we promote population health and reduction of health disparities . Scholarship Engagement by faculty and students in methods that foster comprehension of the extent of current health knowledge and the role of research to contribute to future health knowledge and solutions . Undergraduate Degree Programs Bachelor of Science Degree with concentration in : Environmental Health Science Health Care Management Public Health Education ( Accredited by Council on Education for Public Health ) Bachelor of Science Degree in Nutrition and Food Sciences ( Accredited Didactic Program in Dietetics ) Departmental Resources Alumni Survey If you earned a BS in Health Science , a BS in Nutrition and Food Sciences , an MPH , or an MSHSA degree , please take the alumni survey Public Health Workforce Development Policy Development Duration : 1 hour At the end of the session , participants will be able to : Discuss means to involve priority population and other stakeholders during the policy planning process Identify key sources of data Understand and evaluate policies that impact health Sign - up for this webinar For any IT issues , please contact Mauricio Cadavid at mcadavid @ csusb . edu | [
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http://health.cvs.com/GetContent.aspx?token=f75979d3-9c7c-4b16-af56-3e122a3f19e3&chunkiid=21807 | N - Acetyl Cysteine ( NAC ) Sources Therapeutic Dosages Therapeutic Uses What Is the Scientific Evidence for N - Acetyl Cysteine ( NAC ) ? Safety Issues Interactions You Should Know About References En Español N - acetyl cysteine ( NAC ) is a specially modified form of the dietary amino acid cysteine . When taken orally , NAC is thought to help the body make the important antioxidant enzyme glutathione . It has shown promise for a number of conditions , especially chronic bronchitis . Sources There is no daily requirement for NAC , and it is not found in food . Therapeutic Dosages TOP Optimal levels of NAC have not been determined . The amount used in studies has varied from 250 to 1,500 mg daily . It has been suggested that NAC may increase excretion of trace minerals ; some evidence , however , suggests that this effect is too minimal to make a real difference . 47 Prudence suggests that individuals taking NAC for an extended period of time should also consider taking a standard multivitamin / multimineral supplement . Therapeutic Uses TOP Significant but not entirely consistent evidence suggests that regular use of NAC is helpful for individuals with chronic bronchitis ( a condition commonly associated with smoking and emphysema ) in reducing frequency of acute flare - ups of the condition . 1 - 9 , 64 Regular use of NAC may help prevent influenza , possibly by stimulating immunity . 59 One substantial study found evidence that NAC may augment the effectiveness of clomiphene , a drug used for female infertility , in women with polycystic ovary syndrome 60 Another study found NAC far less effective for this purpose than the drug metformin ; however , it still could have provided some benefit . Mixed evidence suggests that NAC may also enhance the effectiveness of the drug nitroglycerin 10 - 15 used for the treatment of angina . However , severe headaches can develop as a side effect . Note : Do not attempt to self - treat angina , acute respiratory distress syndrome , or acetaminophen poisoning ! Medical supervision is absolutely essential because of the very real risk of death in these conditions . NAC may be helpful in a life - threatening condition called acute respiratory distress syndrome . 16 Very high dosages of NAC are used in hospitals as a conventional treatment for acetaminophen poisoning . According to some , but not all studies , NAC may be helpful for preventing complications that occur during cardiac surgery . 69 - 76 , 81 Some research has also suggested that NAC may be helpful for Sjogren ’ s syndrome 49 ( a disease that causes dry eyes , among other symptoms ) , chronic blepharitis 50 ( ongoing infections of the eyelid ) , severe liver disease , and reducing the side effects of the cancer chemotherapy drug ifosfamide . 53 - 57 Other evidence hints that NAC might help offset the carcinogenic effects of smoking and reduce colon cancer risk . 18 , 52 Weak evidence hints that NAC might reduce some side effects ( specifically , cardiac toxicity and hair loss ) caused by the cancer chemotherapy drug doxorubicin 67 - 68 NAC has been proposed as supportive therapy for HIV . Despite some intriguing results , overall the evidence is inconsistent at best . 23 , 24 , 41 - 44 Several studies have suggested that NAC may be beneficial as an aid to treating various mental health disorders including schizophrenia 82 cocaine - dependence , 80 and even pathological gambling . 78 In order to get more information from certain types of x - rays , radiologists often administer substances called contrast agents . Unfortunately , contrast agents can damage the kidney . It has been suggested that NAC can help protect the kidney from such damage ; 17 , 48 however , the most recent and best - designed study failed to find benefit . 79 One double - blind trial failed to find NAC helpful for head and neck or lung cancer . 25 Studies have also failed to find NAC helpful for treating viral hepatitis 61 preeclampsia 65 or enhancing sports performance 58 Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic condition that involves scarring and stiffening of the lungs . In a randomized , placebo - controlled trial , NAC 600 mg , 3 times daily added to standard therapy ( prednisone and azathioprine ) helped to preserve lung function more than standard therapy alone . 83 What Is the Scientific Evidence for N - Acetyl Cysteine ? Chronic Bronchitis Individuals who have smoked cigarettes for many years eventually develop deterioration in their lungs leading to various symptoms , including chronic production of thick mucus . This so - called chronic bronchitis ( closely related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ) tends to flare up periodically into severe acute attacks possibly requiring hospitalization . Regular use of NAC may diminish the number of these attacks . A review and meta - analysis selected 8 double - blind , placebo - controlled trials of NAC for chronic bronchitis . 26 - 34 The results of these studies , involving a total of about 1,400 individuals , suggest that NAC taken daily at a dose of 400 mg to 1,200 mg can reduce the number of acute attacks of severe bronchitis . However , the largest and best of these studies , a 3 - year , double - blind , placebo - controlled trial of 523 people , failed to find that use of NAC at a dose of 600 mg daily reduced exacerbations or delayed the typical progressive worsening of lung function . 66 It is not clear how NAC works ( if it does ) ; the old concept that it acts by thinning mucus may not be correct . Influenza In a double - blind , placebo - controlled study of 262 seniors , regular use of NAC at dose of 600 mg twice daily helped prevent the development of influenza - like illnesses 62 Over the 6 - month study period , only 25 % of participants taking NAC developed flu - like symptoms , as compared to 79 % in the placebo group , a statistically significant difference . Interestingly , blood tests suggested that NAC did not prevent influenza infection — about as many people showed antibodies indicating influenza infection in the NAC group as in the placebo group . Rather , the supplement seemed to reduce the rate at which influenza infection became severe enough to cause noticeable symptoms . Tests of immune function hinted that NAC functioned by increasing the strength of the immune response . Angina Pectoris Angina pectoris is a squeezing feeling in the chest caused by inadequate blood supply to the heart . It can be a precursor of heart attacks . People with angina often use the drug nitroglycerin to relieve symptoms . One 4 - month , double - blind , placebo - controlled study of 200 people with heart disease found that the combination of nitroglycerin and NAC significantly reduced the incidence of heart attacks and other severe heart problems . 35 NAC alone and nitroglycerin alone were not as effective . The only problem was that the combination of nitroglycerin and NAC caused severe headaches in many participants . This effect has been seen in other studies as well . 36 NAC may also help in cases of nitroglycerin tolerance , a condition in which the drug becomes less effective over time . In a small double - blind study of 32 people with angina , tolerance developed in 15 of 16 individuals who took nitroglycerin only , but in just 5 of 16 individuals who took nitroglycerin plus 2 g of NAC daily . 37 However , other studies have found no benefit . 38 Female Infertility In a double - blind , placebo - controlled study of 150 women suffering from infertility who had not responded to treatment with the fertility drug clomiphene , use of NAC at 1,200 mg daily significantly augmented the effectiveness of clomiphene . 63 Treatment was begun on day 3 of the menstrual cycle and continued for 5 days . About 20 % of women in the NAC plus clomiphene group became pregnant , as compared to 0 % in the placebo plus clomiphene group . Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome A double - blind , placebo - controlled clinical trial compared the effectiveness of NAC , Procysteine ( a synthetic cysteine building - block drug ) , and placebo in 46 people with acute respiratory distress syndrome . 39 This catastrophic lung condition can occur when an unconscious person inhales a small amount of his or her own vomit . Both NAC and Procysteine reduced the severity of the condition in some people ( as compared with placebo ) . However , overall it did not reduce the number of deaths . Colon Cancer Prevention A preliminary double - blind , placebo - controlled study of NAC enrolled 62 individuals , each of whom had had a polyp removed from the colon . 40 The abnormal growth of polyps is closely associated with the development of colon cancer . In this study , the potential anticancer benefits of NAC treatment were evaluated by taking a biopsy of the rectum . Individuals taking NAC at 800 mg daily for 12 weeks showed more normal cells in the biopsied tissue as compared to those in the placebo group . Safety Issues NAC appears to be a very safe supplement when taken alone , although one study in rats suggests that 60 to 100 times the normal dose can cause liver injury . 45 As mentioned above , the combination of nitroglycerin and NAC can cause severe headaches . Safety in young children , women who are pregnant or nursing , and individuals with severe liver or kidney disease has not been established . Interactions You Should Know About If you are taking nitroglycerin , NAC may cause severe headaches . References [ + ] Last reviewed December 2015 by EBSCO CAM Review Board EBSCO Information Services is fully accredited by URAC . URAC is an independent , nonprofit health care accrediting organization dedicated to promoting health care quality through accreditation , certification and commendation . This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available . This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice . Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition . To send comments or feedback to our Editorial Team regarding the content please email us at healthlibrarysupport @ ebsco . com . Our Health Library Support team will respond to your email request within 2 business days . Copyright © 2018 EBSCO Information Services All rights reserved . Privacy Policy | Editorial Policy | [
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http://health.cvs.com/GetContent.aspx?token=f75979d3-9c7c-4b16-af56-3e122a3f19e3&chunkiid=39030 | Strep Throat Proposed Natural Treatments References En Español Most cases of sore throat are caused by viruses , generally the same viruses that cause colds . One familiar type of sore throat , however , is caused by bacteria in the streptococcus family : streptococcal pharyngitis , commonly known as strep throat . It is relatively common in children . Symptoms of strep throat include intense throat pain ( generally developing suddenly ) , difficulty swallowing , and fever ranging from 101 ° F to 104 ° F . In children , headache , abdominal pain , nausea , and vomiting may also occur . The back of the throat generally ( but not always ) becomes beefy red in color , possibly with white or red dots . However , none of these signs or symptoms is absolutely characteristic of strep throat . In some cases , none of these symptoms is present . Ultimately , diagnosis of strep The primary significance of strep throat is not the throat infection itself , but rather a delayed complication called rheumatic fever . Strep throat itself will disappear in 3 to 5 days even without treatment . However , when a certain group of streptococcal bacteria are involved , called Group A beta - hemolytic streptococci , there is risk of a severe , dangerous complication developing about 1 to 5 weeks later , when all seems to be well . This is the feared second effect of strep throat known as rheumatic fever . The initial attack of rheumatic fever involves five major signs and symptoms : Carditis — inflammation of the heart , often causing a heart murmur Chorea — rapid , purposeless , nonrepetitive movements that are not under conscious control Migratory polyarthritis — severe joint pain , redness , and swelling that moves from joint to joint Subcutaneous nodules — nodules under the skin Erythema marginatum — a serpentine , flat rash These symptoms will eventually subside . However , when they are gone , the valves of the heart may be permanently damaged , necessitating open heart surgery . About 3 % of untreated Group A beta - hemolytic strep throat cases lead to rheumatic fever . 1 Children ages 4 to 15 are most at risk . Adults with strep throat may develop rheumatic fever , but the chance is extremely low . Rheumatic fever is rare in the US because of prompt treatment of strep throat , but it is not rare in developing countries , where it is one of the leading causes of heart disease . The cause of rheumatic fever is interesting . It is thought that certain strains of strep bacteria contain glycoproteins that , from the perspective of the immune system , resemble glycoproteins found in the heart , joints , and / or nerve tissue . When the body makes antibodies to attack the strep bacteria , those antibodies also damage the body . The only known way to prevent rheumatic fever in people with strep throat involves using antibiotics at relatively high doses and for a prolonged period of time . The goal is to entirely eradicate the invading bacteria , so that the body does not feel a need to make antibodies against it . Proposed Natural Treatments The unique relationship of rheumatic fever and strep throat is confusing , and may lead you to use alternative treatments for it in a way that is not helpful . Here ’ s how the misconception usually goes : for most diseases , when symptoms abate , the risk is over . Based on this natural understanding of illness , many people use herbs or other natural treatments for strep throat , then feel safe when throat pain and fever disappear . However , for strep throat , the situation is different . As discussed above , symptoms of strep throat disappear on their own , without treatment , in 3 to 5 days . The big risk comes 1 to 5 weeks later , when rheumatic fever may strike . Antibiotic treatment for strep throat is not primarily intended to treat the strep throat itself ( although it does that ) , but rather to prevent rheumatic fever . There are no herbs or supplements known to prevent rheumatic fever . Some people try to treat strep throat with herbs believed to stimulate the immune system , such as echinacea . However , this approach has a serious problem : if echinacea did manage to increase the immune system ’ s activity , the result would be to increase the intensity of rheumatic fever , not decrease it ! Remember that rheumatic fever is caused , in a sense , by an overactive immune system , not an underactive one . The bottom line : Strep throat caused by Group A beta - hemolytic streptococcus can not be treated with alternative medicine . Conventional diagnosis and treatment is necessary to ensure safety . However , if tests are done and a case of strep throat does not appear to be caused by Group A beta - hemolytic strep , other forms of treatment may be appropriate . The herb Pelargonium sidoides might actually shorten the duration of non - Group A strep infection , according to a double - blind , placebo - controlled study of 143 children . 2 Whether it is helpful as supplementary treatment to antibiotics for children undergoing treatment for Group A strep remains unknown . The popular herb tea Throat Coat might help sooth sore throat discomfort . Throat Coat contains herbs traditionally thought to soothe inflamed mucous membranes . One small double - blind study did indeed find that Throat Coat was superior to a placebo for this purpose . 3 It seems reasonable to use Throat Coat along with conventional treatment even for Group A strep infections . However , this tea contains licorice , which can be toxic if taken to excess . For more information on treatments , see the article on Colds and Flus References [ + ] Last reviewed December 2015 by EBSCO CAM Review Board EBSCO Information Services is fully accredited by URAC . URAC is an independent , nonprofit health care accrediting organization dedicated to promoting health care quality through accreditation , certification and commendation . This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available . This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice . Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition . To send comments or feedback to our Editorial Team regarding the content please email us at healthlibrarysupport @ ebsco . com . Our Health Library Support team will respond to your email request within 2 business days . Copyright © 2018 EBSCO Information Services All rights reserved . Privacy Policy | Editorial Policy | [
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http://health.facty.com/ailments/body/10-symptoms-vertigo/ | 10 Symptoms Of Vertigo Home Ailments Body By Prerna , Facty Staff Updated : Nov 27 , 2018 Vertigo is a sensation where you feel as though everything is moving even when you ' re standing perfectly still . It is a specific kind of dizziness like swaying , turning , or spinning . This sensation causes you to lose your balance and position . This health ailment is the result of problems with the vestibular system . The inner ear and your brain are responsible for balance and eye movements . The most common disorder with vertigo is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo . The condition is caused by a tiny calcium particle being loose in the inner Advertisement 1 . Loss of Balance A very telling sign of vertigo is a sense that the world around you is spinning . It feels like everything is tilted . Distorted balance makes it difficult to walk or even stand . A feeling of imbalance creates the sensation of being pulled in a particular direction . Stumbling , poor coordination , the head remaining in a tilted position , and trouble maintaining a straight posture are symptoms . « Prev 1 of 10 Next » Advertisement More on Facty Health | [
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http://health.facty.com/conditions/appendicitis/10-signs-of-appendicitis/ | 10 Signs of Appendicitis Home Conditions Appendicitis By Prerna , Facty Staff Updated : Dec 10 , 2018 Appendicitis is a common yet serious condition that occurs when something blocks part of the appendix . This causes an increase in internal pressure and bacterial growth , along with a decrease in blood supply . The tissues may start to die and eventually your appendix may burst . It is very important to be aware of the typical signs of appendicitis so that you can seek treatment quickly if it occurs . Here are 10 of the most common symptoms people experience . Advertisement 1 . An ache in the Belly Button Area The earliest sign of appendicitis is often an ache in the belly button area . This occurs because your belly button is at the same level as the point where the nerves of your appendix join your spinal cord . The ache is often very intense , and movement or sudden jerks may make it worse . « Prev 1 of 10 Next » Advertisement More on Facty Health | [
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http://health.facty.com/conditions/diverticulitis/diverticulitis-foods-to-avoid/ | Diverticulitis Diet : Foods to Avoid Home Conditions Diverticulitis By Prerna , Facty Staff Updated : Jan 14 , 2019 Diverticulosis is a condition that typically affects the lower portion of the large intestine or colon . Some people develop sac - like outpocketings , called diverticula , along the lining of the colon . While the cause of diverticulosis is unknown , it ' s most common in people over 40 . When these diverticula get inflamed or infected , diverticulosis becomes diverticulitis . This illness can cause severe abdominal pain , bloating and gas , fever and chills , and abnormal bowel function . The development of diverticula is often linked to dietary habits . Avoid these foods Advertisement 1 . Red Meat Those with acute diverticulitis should limit consumption of red meat . Red meat is tough and difficult to digest . It moves through the bowels more slowly and will agitate an already stressed digestive tract . Red meat also causes constipation in individuals with lower digestive enzymes . Tender meats such as poultry are less likely to cause further damage . They are therefore safer options for one who is having meat cravings . Those suffering from chronic diverticulitis may incorporate some red meat into their diet . However , they should still consume white meat more frequently . « Prev 1 of 8 Next » Advertisement More on Facty Health | [
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http://health.facty.com/conditions/hernia/10-symptoms-of-hernia/ | 10 Symptoms of Hernia Home Conditions Hernia By Charmaine , Facty Staff Updated : Dec 10 , 2018 A hernia is when an organ such as the intestine , small intestine or fatty tissue , can burst through a lining or connective tissue . Essentially , this is caused by a weak spot in the lining of the abdominal wall , and the organ protrudes through this , forming a small lump . This lump can get bigger as more of the organ makes its way through , and it can also become strangulated and blocked . Pressure often causes herniation , but there must be a weak spot in the first place . Weak spots are either Advertisement 1 . Discomfort in the Groin The first sign of any type of a hernia is some level of discomfort and pain . A small lump may appear under the skin , and you may feel a type of burning sensation in the area . This aching can often make you feel week and also create a heavy , dragging sensation in the groin or where the bulge is located . This is the initial symptom of the push through the abdominal wall . The pain typically intensifies when you strain to lift or push or exercise , or even when you cough , but it « Prev 1 of 10 Next » Advertisement More on Facty Health | [
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http://health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/drugtreat-pubs-front2-oh-toc~drugtreat-pubs-front2-oh-2~drugtreat-pubs-front2-oh-2-2 | Home Resources Publications Historical publications Systemic influences on young people Slide 1 Slide 2 Slide 3 Risk and protective factors youth focused systems approach Slide 4 Slide 1 Assumptions in working with young people Young people are normal The term youth is a social construction Young people are not an homogenous group Young people participate actively Slide 2 Other factors that influence young people Developmental states Socioeconomic status Culture Gender Sexuality Educational background Family background Physical attributes Peer culture Cohort Interests Slide 3 Risk and protective factors youth focused systems approach Text version of Diagram This diagram shows the risk protective factors that contribute to possible outcomes Local community factors Societal political issues Family factors Individual characteristics School peer factors Slide 4 Although young people need to work through some key developmental stages each individuals experience is unique A common theme for the young person is everything that is happening with their life is important and real Young people undergo immense physical emotional and psychological changes However the way an individual processes these changes can vary greatly next page Listen Table of contents Topic 1 Introduction Learning outcomes Topic 2 Reflection on youth Summary Systemic influences on young people Portrayal of young people in the media Topic 3 Transition from childhood to adulthood Perspectives on adolescence Development model Summary Topic 4 Social construct model Social development in adolescence Social community and family factors Topic 5 Young people and health Some physical health issues for young people A youth health issue in focus young people sex and pregnancy A youth health issue in focus Indigenous youth health Topic 6 Young people advocacy and the law Summary Topic 7 Developing working relationships with young people Summary | [
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http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines/chapter-2/a-closer-look-at-current-intakes-and-recommended-shifts/ | Chapter 2 Shifts Needed To Align With Healthy Eating Patterns Print this section A Closer Look at Current Intakes and Recommended Shifts In this section : Food Groups Other Dietary Components Underconsumed Nutrients and Nutrients of Public Health Concern Beverages As described in Chapter 1 , most foods in healthy eating patterns should come from the food groups . As Figure 2 - 3 shows , across the U.S. population , average intakes of foods from the food groups are far from amounts recommended in the Healthy U.S. - Style Eating Pattern . Figure 2 - 3 . Average Daily Food Group Intakes by Age - Sex Groups , Compared to Ranges of Recommended Intake Read text description of Figure 2 - 3 Data Sources : What We Eat in America , NHANES 2007 - 2010 for average intakes by age - sex group . Healthy U.S. - Style Food Patterns , which vary based on age , sex , and activity level , for recommended intake ranges . Calories in Nutrient - Dense Versus Current Typical Choices in the Food Groups more ▼ Food Groups The following sections describe total current intakes for each of the food groups and for oils , and the leading food categories contributing to this total . They also describe the shifts in food choices that are needed to meet recommendations and provide strategies that can help individuals make these shifts . Vegetables Current intakes : Figure 2 - 3 shows the low average intakes of vegetables across age - sex groups in comparison to recommended intake levels . Vegetable consumption relative to recommendations is lowest among boys ages 9 to 13 years and girls ages 14 to 18 years . Vegetable intakes relative to recommendations are slightly higher during the adult years , but intakes are still below recommendations . In addition , with few exceptions , the U.S. population does not meet intake recommendations for any of the vegetable subgroups ( Figure 2 - 4 ) . Figure 2 - 4 . Average Vegetable Subgroup Intakes in Cup - Equivalents per Week by Age - Sex Groups , Compared to Ranges of Recommended Intakes per Week Read text description of Figure 2 - 4 Data Sources : What We Eat in America , NHANES 2007 - 2010 for average intakes by age - sex group . Healthy U.S. - Style Food Patterns , which vary based on age , sex , and activity level , for recommended intake ranges . Potatoes and tomatoes are the most commonly consumed vegetables , accounting for 21 percent and 18 percent of all vegetable consumption , respectively . Lettuce and onions are the only other vegetables that make up more than 5 percent each of total vegetable group consumption . Table 2 - 1 lists additional examples of vegetables in each of the subgroups . About 60 percent of all vegetables are eaten as a separate food item , about 30 percent as part of a mixed dish , and the remaining 10 percent as part of snack foods , condiments , and gravies . Vegetables are part of many types of mixed dishes , from burgers , sandwiches , and tacos to pizza , meat stews , pasta dishes , grain - based casseroles , and soups . Shift to consume more vegetables : For most individuals , following a healthy eating pattern would include an increase in total vegetable intake from all vegetable subgroups , in nutrient - dense forms , and an increase in the variety of different vegetables consumed over time ( see Table 2 - 1 ) . Strategies to increase vegetable intake include choosing more vegetables — from all subgroups — in place of foods high in calories , saturated fats , or sodium such as some meats , poultry , cheeses , and snack foods . One realistic option is to increase the vegetable content of mixed dishes while decreasing the amounts of other food components that are often overconsumed , such as refined grains or meats high in saturated fat and / or sodium . Other strategies include always choosing a green salad or a vegetable as a side dish and incorporating vegetables Table 2 - 1 . Examples of Vegetables in Each Vegetable Subgroup more ▼ Fruits Current intakes : As shown in , average intake of fruits is below recommendations for almost all age - sex groups . Children ages 1 to 8 years differ from the rest of the population in that many do meet recommended intakes for total fruit . Average intakes of fruits , including juice , are lowest among girls ages 14 to 18 years and adults ages 19 to 50 years . Older women ( ages 51 years and older ) and young children consume fruits in amounts close to or meeting minimum recommended intakes ( ) . About one - third of the intake of fruits in the U.S. population comes from fruit juice , and the remaining two - thirds from whole fruits ( which includes cut up , cooked , canned , frozen , and dried fruits ) . The highest proportion of juice to whole fruits intake is among children ages 1 to 3 years , for whom about 47 percent of total fruit intake comes from fruit juice , and about 53 percent from whole fruits . Average juice intakes for young children are within the limits recommended by the American Academy of Fruits section of Chapter 1 Fruits and fruit juices are most likely to be consumed alone or in a mixture with other fruit , rather than as part of a mixed dish that includes foods from other food groups . Almost 90 percent of all fruit intake comes from single fruits , fruit salads , or fruit juices . The most commonly consumed fruits are apples , bananas , watermelon , grapes , strawberries , oranges , peaches , cantaloupe , pears , blueberries , raisins , and pineapple . Commonly consumed fruit juices are orange juice , apple juice , and grape juice . Shift to consume more fruits : To help support healthy eating patterns , most individuals in the United States would benefit from increasing their intake of fruits , mostly whole fruits , in nutrient - dense forms . A wide variety of fruits are available in the U.S. marketplace , some year - round and others seasonally . Strategies to help achieve this shift include choosing more fruits as snacks , in salads , as side dishes , and as desserts in place of foods with added sugars , such as cakes , pies , cookies , doughnuts , ice cream , and candies . Grains Intakes of total grains are close to the target amounts ( ) for all age - sex groups , but as shown in Figure 2 - 5 , intakes do not meet the recommendations for whole grains and exceed limits for refined grains . Average intakes of whole grains are far below recommended levels across all age - sex groups , and average intakes of refined grains are well above recommended limits for most age - sex groups . Figure 2 - 5 . Average Whole and Refined Grain Intakes in Ounce - Equivalents per Day by Age - Sex Groups , Compared to Ranges of Recommended Daily Intake for Whole Grains and Limits for Refined Grains * Read text description of Figure 2 - 5 * Note : Recommended daily intake of whole grains is to be at least half of total grain consumption , and the limit for refined grains is to be no more than half of total grain consumption . The blue vertical bars on this graph represent one half of the total grain recommendations for each age - sex group , and therefore indicate recommendations for the minimum amounts to consume of whole grains or maximum amounts of refined grains . To meet recommendations , whole grain intake should be within or above the blue bars and refined grain intake within or below the Examples of commonly consumed whole - grain foods are whole - wheat breads , rolls , bagels , and crackers ; oatmeal ; whole - grain ready - to - eat cereals ( e.g. , shredded wheat , oat rings ) ; popcorn ; brown rice ; and whole - grain pasta . Examples of refined grain foods are white bread , rolls , bagels , and crackers ; pasta ; pizza crust ; grain - based desserts ; refined grain ready - to - eat cereals ( e.g. , corn flakes , crispy rice cereal ) ; corn and , most refined grain foods in the United States are made from enriched grains . Almost half of all refined grains intake is from mixed dishes , such as burgers , sandwiches , tacos , pizza , macaroni and cheese , and spaghetti with meatballs . About 20 percent of refined grain intake comes from snacks and sweets , including cakes , cookies , and other grain desserts . The remaining 30 percent of refined grain intake is eaten as a separate food item , such as cereals , breads , or rice . About 60 percent of whole - to make half of all grains consumed be whole grains : Shifting from refined to whole - grain versions of commonly consumed foods — such as from white to 100 % whole - wheat breads , white to whole - grain pasta , and white to brown rice — would increase whole - grain intakes and lower refined grain intakes to help meet recommendations . Strategies to increase whole grains in place of refined grains include using the ingredient list on packaged foods to select foods that have whole grains listed as the first grain ingredient . Another strategy is to cut back on refined grain desserts and sweet snacks such Dairy As shown in , average intakes of dairy for most age - sex groups are far below recommendations of the Healthy U.S. - Style Pattern . Average dairy intake for most young children ages 1 to 3 years meets recommended amounts , but all other age groups have average intakes that are below recommendations . An age - related decline in dairy intake begins in childhood , and intakes persist at low levels for adults of all ages . Fluid milk ( 51 % ) and cheese ( 45 % ) comprise most of dairy consumption . Yogurt ( 2.6 % ) and fortified soy beverages ( commonly known as “ soymilk ” ) ( 1.5 % ) make up the rest of dairy intake . About three - fourths of all milk is consumed as a beverage or on cereal , but cheese is most commonly consumed as part of mixed dishes , such as burgers , sandwiches , tacos , pizza , and pasta dishes . to consume more dairy products in nutrient - dense forms : Most individuals in the United States would benefit by increasing dairy intake in fat - free or low - fat forms , whether from milk ( including lactose - free milk ) , yogurt , and cheese or from fortified soy beverages ( soymilk ) . Some sweetened milk and yogurt products may be included in a healthy eating pattern as long as the total amount of added sugars consumed does not exceed the limit for added sugars , and the eating pattern does not exceed calorie limits . Because most cheese contains more sodium and saturated fats , and Protein Foods Current Intakes : Overall , average intakes of protein foods are close to amounts recommended for all age - sex groups ( ) . However , Figure 2 - 6 shows that the average intakes of protein foods subgroups vary in comparison to the range of intake recommendations . Overall , average intakes of seafood are low for all age - sex groups ; average intakes of nuts , seeds , and soy products are close to recommended levels ; and average intakes of meats , poultry , and eggs are high for teen boys and adult men . Legumes ( beans and peas ) , a vegetables subgroup , also may be considered as part of the protein foods group ( see the About Legumes ( Beans and Peas ) call - out box in ) . As shown in Figure 2 - 4 , intakes of legumes are below vegetable group recommendations . Figure 2 - 6 . Average Protein Foods Subgroup Intakes in Ounce - Equivalents per Week by Age - Sex Groups , Compared to Ranges of Recommended Intake Read text description of Figure 2 - 6 Commonly consumed protein foods include beef ( especially ground beef ) , chicken , pork , processed meats ( e.g. , hot dogs , sausages , ham , luncheon meats ) , and eggs . The most common seafood choices are shrimp , tuna , and salmon ; and the most common nut choices are peanuts , peanut butter , almonds , and mixed nuts . Slightly less than half ( 49 % ) of all protein foods are consumed as a separate food item , such as a chicken breast , a steak , an egg , a fish to increase variety in protein foods choices and to make more nutrient - dense choices : Average intake of total protein foods is close to recommendations , while average seafood intake is below recommendations for all age - sex groups . Shifts are needed within the protein foods group to increase seafood intake , but the foods to be replaced depend on the individual ’ s current intake from the other protein subgroups . Strategies to increase the variety of protein foods include incorporating seafood as the protein foods choice in meals twice per week in place of meat , poultry , or eggs , and using legumes or nuts and seeds in mixed dishes instead Shifting to nutrient - dense options , including lean and lower sodium options , will improve the nutritional quality of protein food choices and support healthy eating patterns . Some individuals , especially teen boys and adult men , also need to reduce overall intake of protein foods ( see ) by decreasing intakes of meats , poultry , and eggs and increasing amounts of vegetables or other underconsumed food groups . Oils Current Intakes : Average intakes of oils are below the recommendations for almost every age - sex group ( Figure 2 - 7 ) . However , intakes are not far from recommendations . In the United States , most oils are consumed in packaged foods , such as salad dressings , mayonnaise , prepared vegetables , snack chips ( corn and potato ) , and as part of nuts and seeds . Oils also can be used in preparing foods such as stir - fries and sautés . The most commonly used oil in the United States is soybean oil . Other commonly used oils include canola , corn , olive , cottonseed , sunflower , and peanut oil . Oils also for more information on tropical oils . ) Figure 2 - 7 . Average Intakes of Oils and Solid Fats in Grams per Day by Age - Sex Group , in Comparison to Ranges of Recommended Intake for Oils Read text description of Figure 2 - 7 What We Eat in America , NHANES 2007 - 2010 for average intakes by age - sex group . Healthy U.S. Style Food Patterns , which vary based on age , sex , and activity level , for recommended intake ranges . from solid fats to oils : To move the intake of oils to recommended levels , individuals should use oils rather than solid fats in food preparation where possible . Strategies to shift intake include using vegetable oil in place of solid fats ( butter , stick margarine , shortening , lard , coconut oil ) when cooking , increasing the intake of foods that naturally contain oils , such as seafood and nuts , in place of some meat and poultry , and choosing other foods , such as salad dressings and spreads , made with oils instead of solid fats . Figure 2 - 8 . Typical Versus Nutrient - Dense Foods and Beverages Achieving a healthy eating pattern means shifting typical food choices to more nutrient - dense options — that is , foods with important nutrients that are n ’ t packed with extra calories or sodium . Nutrient - dense foods and beverages are naturally lean or low in solid fats and have little or no added solid fats , sugars , refined starches , or sodium . high sodium low sodium fried baked with herbs frosted plain with fruit creamed steamed in syrup fresh or frozen without added sugars View Next Other Dietary Components As described in , in addition to the food groups , other components also should be considered when building healthy eating patterns , including limiting the amounts of added sugars , saturated fats , and sodium consumed . Additionally , for adults who choose to drink alcohol , drinking should not exceed moderate intake , and the calories from alcoholic beverages should be considered within overall calorie limits . [ 3 ] The following sections describe total intakes compared to limits for these components , and the leading food categories contributing to this total . Added Sugars Added sugars account on average for almost 270 calories , or more than 13 percent of calories per day in the U.S. population . As shown in Figure 2 - 9 , intakes as a percent of calories are particularly high among children , adolescents , and young adults . The major source of added sugars in typical U.S. diets is beverages , which include soft drinks , fruit drinks , sweetened coffee and tea , energy drinks , alcoholic beverages , and flavored waters ( Figure 2 - 10 ) . Beverages account for almost half ( 47 % ) of all added sugars consumed by the U.S. population ( Figure 2 - 10 ) . The other major source of added sugars is snacks and sweets , which includes grain - based desserts such as cakes , pies , cookies , brownies , doughnuts , sweet rolls , and pastries ; dairy desserts such as ice cream , other frozen desserts , and puddings ; candies ; sugars ; jams ; syrups ; and sweet toppings . Together , these food categories make up more than 75 percent of intake of all added sugars . Figure 2 - 9 . Average Intakes of Added Sugars as a Percent of Calories per Day by Age - Sex Group , in Comparison to the Dietary Guidelines Maximum Limit of Less Than 10 Percent of Calories Read text description of Figure 2 - 9 Note : The maximum amount of added sugars allowable in a Healthy U.S. - Style Eating Pattern at the 1,200 - to - 1,800 calorie levels is less than the Dietary Guidelines limit of 10 percent of calories . Patterns at these calorie levels are appropriate for many children and older women who are not physically active . Data Source : What We Eat in America , NHANES 2007 - 2010 for average intakes by age - sex group . Figure 2 - 10 . Food Category Sources of Added Sugars in the U.S. Population Ages 2 Years and Older Read text description of Figure 2 - 10 Data Source : What We Eat in America ( WWEIA ) Food Category analyses for the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee . Estimates based on day 1 dietary recalls from WWEIA , NHANES 2009 - 2010 . to reduce added sugars consumption to less than 10 percent of calories per day : [ 4 ] Individuals have many potential options for reducing the intake of added sugars . Strategies include choosing beverages with no added sugars , such as water , in place of sugar - sweetened beverages , reducing portions of sugar - sweetened beverages , drinking these beverages less often , and selecting beverages low in added sugars . Low - fat or fat - free milk or 100 % fruit or vegetable juice also can be consumed within recommended amounts in place of sugar - sweetened beverages . Additional strategies include limiting or decreasing portion size of grain - based and dairy in the Added Sugars section . Saturated Fats Current average intakes of saturated fats are 11 percent of calories . Only 29 percent of individuals in the United States consume amounts of saturated fats consistent with the limit of less than 10 percent of calories ( see Figure 2 - 1 ) . As shown in Figure 2 - 11 , average intakes do not vary widely across age - sex groups . Average intakes for both adult men and adult women are at 10.9 percent , and the average intake for children ranges from 11.1 percent up to 12.6 percent of calories . The mixed dishes food category is the major source of saturated fats in the United States ( Figure 2 - 12 ) , with 35 percent of all saturated fats coming from mixed dishes , especially those dishes containing cheese , meat , or both . These include burgers , sandwiches , and tacos ; pizza ; rice , pasta , and grain dishes ; and meat , poultry , and seafood dishes . The other food categories that provide the most saturated fats in current diets are snacks and sweets , protein foods , and dairy products . Figure 2 - 11 . Average Intakes of Saturated Fats as a Percent of Calories per Day by Age - Sex Groups , Compared to Maximum Limit of Less Than 10 Percent of Calories Read text description of Figure 2 - 11 What We Eat in America , NHANES 2007 - 2010 for average intakes by age - sex group . Figure 2 - 12 . Food Category Sources of Saturated Fats in the U.S. Population Ages 2 Years and Older Read text description of Figure 2 - 12 What We Eat in America ( WWEIA ) Food Category analyses for the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee . Estimates based on day 1 dietary recalls from WWEIA , NHANES 2009 - 2010 . to reduce saturated fats intake to less than 10 percent of calories per day : Individuals should aim to shift food choices from those high in saturated fats to those high in polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats . Strategies to lower saturated fat intake include reading food labels to choose packaged foods lower in saturated fats and higher in polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats , choosing lower fat forms of foods and beverages that contain solid fats ( e.g. , fat - free or low - fat milk instead of 2 % or whole milk ; low - fat cheese instead of regular cheese ; lean rather than fatty cuts of meat ) , and consuming smaller Chapter 1 , Figure 1 - 2 ) , and using oil - based dressings and spreads on foods instead of those made from solid fats ( e.g. , butter , stick margarine , cream cheese ) ( see Solid Fats call - out box ) . Solid Fats Sodium Figure 2 - 13 , average intakes of sodium are high across the U.S. population compared to the Tolerable Upper Intake Levels ( ULs ) . Average intakes for those ages 1 year and older is 3,440 mg per day . Average intakes are generally higher for men than women . For all adult men , the average intake is 4,240 mg , and for adult women , the average is 2,980 mg per day . Only a small proportion of total sodium intake is from sodium inherent in foods or from salt added in home cooking or at the table . Most sodium Sodium is found in foods from almost all food categories ( Figure 2 - 14 ) . Mixed dishes — including burgers , sandwiches , and tacos ; rice , pasta , and grain dishes ; pizza ; meat , poultry , and seafood dishes ; and soups — account for almost half of the sodium consumed in the United States . The foods in many of these categories are often commercially processed or prepared . Figure 2 - 13 . Average Intake of Sodium in Milligrams per Day by Age - Sex Groups , Compared to Tolerable Upper Intake Levels ( UL ) Read text description of Figure 2 - 13 What We Eat in America , NHANES 2007 - 2010 for average intakes by age - sex group . Institute of Medicine Dietary Reference Intakes for Tolerable Upper Intake Levels ( UL ) . Figure 2 - 14 . Food Category Sources of Sodium in the U.S. Population Ages 2 Years and Older Read text description of Figure 2 - 14 food choices to reduce sodium intake : [ 5 ] Because sodium is found in so many foods , careful choices are needed in all food groups to reduce intake . Strategies to lower sodium intake include using the Nutrition Facts label to compare sodium content of foods and choosing the product with less sodium and buying low - sodium , reduced sodium , or no - salt - added versions of products when available . Choose fresh , frozen ( no sauce or seasoning ) , or no - salt - added canned vegetables , and fresh poultry , seafood , pork , and lean meat , rather than Alcohol In 2011 , approximately 56 percent of U.S. adults 21 years of age and older were current drinkers , meaning that they had consumed alcohol in the past month ; and 44 percent were not current drinkers . Current drinkers include 19 percent of all adults who consistently limited intake to moderate drinking , and 37 percent of all adults who did not . Drinking in greater amounts than moderation was more common among men , younger adults , and non - Hispanic whites . Two in three adult drinkers do not limit alcohol intake to moderate amounts one or The does not recommend that individuals begin drinking or drink more for any reason . The amount of alcohol and calories in beverages varies and should be accounted for within the limits of healthy eating patterns . Alcohol should be consumed only by adults of legal drinking age . There are many circumstances in which individuals should not drink , such as during pregnancy . See and Appendix 9 . Alcohol for additional information . Caffeine Underconsumed Nutrients and Nutrients of Public Health Concern In addition to helping reduce chronic disease risk , the shifts in eating patterns described in this chapter can help individuals meet nutrient needs . This is especially important for nutrients that are currently underconsumed . Although the majority of Americans consume sufficient amounts of most nutrients , some nutrients are consumed by many individuals in amounts below the Estimated Average Requirement or Adequate Intake levels . These include potassium , dietary fiber , choline , magnesium , calcium , and vitamins A , D , E , and C . Iron also is underconsumed by adolescent girls and women Of the underconsumed nutrients , calcium , potassium , dietary fiber , and vitamin D are considered nutrients of public health concern because low intakes are associated with health concerns . For young children , women capable of becoming pregnant , and women who are pregnant , low intake of iron also is of public health concern . to eating more vegetables , fruits , whole grains , and dairy to increase intake of nutrients of public health concern . Low intakes of dietary fiber are due to low intakes of vegetables , fruits , and whole grains . Low intakes of potassium are due to low intakes of vegetables , fruits , and dairy . Low intakes of calcium are due to low intakes of dairy . If a healthy eating pattern , such as the Healthy U.S. - Style Eating Pattern , is consumed , amounts of calcium and dietary fiber will meet recommendations . Amounts of potassium will increase but depending on food choices may not meet the Adequate Intake recommendation . To increase potassium , focus Appendix 10 . Food Sources of Potassium , such as white potatoes , beet greens , white beans , plain yogurt , and sweet potato . Although amounts of vitamin D in the USDA Food Patterns are less than recommendations , vitamin D is unique in that sunlight on the skin enables the body to make vitamin D . Recommendations for vitamin D assume minimum sun exposure . Strategies to achieve higher levels of intake of dietary vitamin D include consuming seafood with higher amounts of vitamin D , such as salmon , herring , mackerel , and tuna , and more foods fortified with vitamin D , especially fluid milk , soy beverage ( soymilk ) , yogurt , orange juice , and breakfast cereals The best food sources of potassium , calcium , vitamin D , and dietary fiber are found in Appendix 10 Appendix 11 Appendix 12 , and Appendix 13 , respectively . Substantial numbers of women who are capable of becoming pregnant , including adolescent girls , are at risk of iron - deficiency anemia due to low intakes of iron . To improve iron status , women and adolescent girls should consume foods containing heme iron , such as lean meats , poultry , and seafood , which is more readily absorbed by the body . Additional iron sources include legumes ( beans and peas ) and dark - green vegetables , as well as foods enriched or fortified with iron , such as many breads and ready - to - Folic Acid for Women Capable of Becoming Pregnant and Who Are Pregnant Beverages Beverages are not always remembered or considered when individuals think about overall food intake . However , they are an important component of eating patterns . In addition to water , the beverages that are most commonly consumed include sugar - sweetened beverages , milk and flavored milk , alcoholic beverages , fruit and vegetable juices , and coffee and tea . Beverages vary in their nutrient and calorie content . Some , like water , do not contain any calories . Some , like soft drinks , contain calories but little nutritional value . Finally , some , like Beverages make a substantial contribution to total water needs as well as to nutrient and calorie intakes in most typical eating patterns . In fact , they account for almost 20 percent of total calorie intake . Within beverages , the largest source of calories is sweetened beverages , accounting for 35 percent of calories from beverages . Other major sources of calories from beverages are milk and milk drinks , alcoholic beverages , fruit and vegetable juices , and coffee and tea . When choosing beverages , both the calories and nutrients they may provide are important considerations . Beverages that are calorie - free — especially water — or that contribute beneficial nutrients , such as fat - free and low - fat milk and 100 % juice , should be the primary beverages consumed . Milk and 100 % fruit juice should be consumed within recommended food group amounts and calorie limits . Sugar - sweetened beverages , such as soft drinks , sports drinks , and fruit drinks that are less than 100 % juice , can contribute excess calories ) . The use of high - intensity sweeteners , such as those used in “ diet ” beverages , as a replacement for added sugars is discussed in in the section . For adults who choose to drink alcohol , limits of only moderate intake ( see Appendix 9 ) and overall calorie limits apply . [ 8 ] Coffee , tea , and flavored waters also can be selected , but calories from cream , added sugars , and other additions should be accounted for within the eating pattern . Notes [ 2 ] Britten P , Cleveland LE , Koegel KL , Kuczynski KJ , and Nickols - Richardson MS . Impact of typical rather than nutrient dense food choices in the US Department of Agriculture Food Patterns . J Acad Nutr Diet . 2012 ; 112 ( 10 ) : 1560 - 1569 . [ 3 ] It is not recommended that individuals begin drinking or drink more for any reason . The amount of alcohol and calories in beverages varies and should be accounted for within the limits of healthy eating patterns . Alcohol should be consumed only by adults of legal drinking age . There are many circumstances in which individuals should not drink , such as during pregnancy . See Appendix 9 . Alcohol for additional information . [ 4 ] See section of for more information and Appendix 3 . USDA Food Patterns : Healthy U.S. - Style Eating Patterns for specific limits on calories that remain after meeting food group recommendation in nutrient - dense forms ( “ calorie limits for other uses ” ) . [ 5 ] The recommendation to limit intake of sodium to less than 2,300 mg per day is the UL for individuals ages 14 years and older set by the IOM . The recommendations for children younger than 14 years of age are the IOM age - and sex - appropriate ULs ( see Appendix 7 . Nutritional Goals for Age - Sex Groups , Based on Dietary Reference Intakes and Dietary Guidelines Recommendations [ 6 ] Caffeine is a substance that is generally recognized as safe ( GRAS ) in cola - type beverages by the Food and Drug Administration for use by adults and children . For more information , see : Code of Federal Regulation Title 21 , subchapter B , Part 182 , Subpart B . Caffeine . U.S. Government Printing Office . November 23 , 2015 . Available at : http : / / www . ecfr . gov / cgi - bin / retrieveECFR ? gp = 1&SID = f8c3068e9ec0062a3b4078cfa6361cf6&ty = HTML&h = L&mc = true&r = SECTION&n = se21 . 3 . 182_11180 . Accessed October 22 , 2015 . [ 7 ] Dietary Folate Equivalents ( DFE ) adjust for the difference in bioavailability of food folate compared with synthetic folic acid . Food folate , measured as micrograms DFE , is less bioavailable than folic acid . 1 DFE = 1 mcg food folate = 0.6 mcg folic acid from supplements and fortified foods taken with meals . [ 8 ] It is not recommended that individuals begin drinking or drink more for any reason . The amount of alcohol and calories in beverages varies and should be accounted for within the limits of healthy eating patterns . Alcohol should be consumed only by adults of legal drinking age . There are many circumstances in which individuals should not drink , such as during pregnancy . See Appendix 9 | [
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http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga95/VARIETY.HTM | Eat a variety of foods To obtain the nutrients and other substances needed for good health , vary the foods you eat Foods contain combinations of nutrients and other healthful substances . No single food can supply all nutrients in the amounts you need . For example , oranges provide vitamin C but no vitamin B12 ; cheese provides vitamin B12 but no vitamin C . To make sure you get all of the nutrients and other substances needed for health , choose the recommended number of daily servings from each of the five major food groups displayed in the Food Guide Pyramid ( figure 1 ) . Use foods from the base of the Food Guide Pyramid as the foundation of your meals Americans do choose a wide variety of foods . However , people often choose higher or lower amounts from some food groups than suggested in the Food Guide Pyramid . The Pyramid shows that foods from the grain products group , along with vegetables and fruits , are the basis of healthful diets . Enjoy meals that have rice , pasta , potatoes , or bread at the center of the plate , accompanied by other vegetables and fruit , and lean and low - fat foods from the other groups . Limit fats and sugars added in food preparation and box 1 with what you usually eat . What counts as a " serving " ? See box 2 for suggested serving sizes in the Food Guide Pyramid food groups . Notice that some of the serving sizes are smaller than what you might usually eat . For example , many people eat a cup or more of pasta in a meal , which equals two or more servings . So , it is easy to eat the number of servings recommended . Choose different foods within each food group You can achieve a healthful , nutritious eating pattern with many combinations of foods from the five major food groups . Choosing a variety of foods within and across food groups improves dietary patterns because foods within the same group have different combinations of nutrients and other beneficial substances . For example , some vegetables and fruits are good sources of vitamin C or vitamin A , while others are high in folate ; still others are good sources of calcium or iron . Choosing a variety of foods within each group also helps to make your meals more interesting from day to day . What about vegetarian diets ? Some Americans eat vegetarian diets for reasons of culture , belief , or health . Most vegetarians eat milk products and eggs , and as a group , these lacto - ovo - vegetarians enjoy excellent health . Vegetarian diets are consistent with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and can meet Recommended Dietary Allowances for nutrients . You can get enough protein from a vegetarian diet as long as the variety and amounts of foods consumed are adequate . Meat , fish , and poultry are major contributors of iron , zinc , and B vitamins in most American diets , and vegetarians should pay special attention to these nutrients . Vegans eat only food of plant origin . Because animal products are the only food sources of vitamin B12 , vegans must supplement their diets with a source of this vitamin . In addition , vegan diets , particularly those of children , require care to ensure adequacy of vitamin D and calcium , which most Americans obtain from milk products . Foods vary in their amounts of calories and nutrients Some foods such as grain products , vegetables , and fruits have many nutrients and other healthful substances but are relatively low in calories . Fat and alcohol are high in calories . Foods high in both sugars and fat contain many calories but often are low in vitamins , minerals , or fiber . People who do not need many calories or who must restrict their food intake need to choose nutrient - rich foods from the five major food groups with special care . They should obtain most of their calories from foods that contain a high proportion of essential nutrients and fiber . Growing children , teenage girls , and women have higher needs for some nutrients Many women and adolescent girls need to eat more calcium - rich foods to get the calcium needed for healthy bones throughout life . By selecting low fat or fat - free milk products and other low fat calcium sources , they can obtain adequate calcium and keep fat intake from being too high ( box 3 ) . Young children , teenage girls , and women of childbearing age should also eat enough iron - rich foods , such as lean meats and whole - grain or enriched white bread , to keep the body ' s iron stores at adequate levels ( box 4 ) . Enriched and fortified foods have essential nutrients added to them National policy requires that specified amounts of nutrients be added to enrich some foods . For example , enriched flour and bread contain added thiamin , riboflavin , niacin , and iron ; skim milk , lowfat milk , and margarine are usually enriched with vitamin A ; and milk is usually enriched with vitamin D . Fortified foods may have one or several nutrients added in extra amounts . The number and quantity of nutrients added vary among products . Fortified foods may be useful for meeting special dietary needs . Read the ingredient list to know which nutrients are figure 2 ) . How these foods fit into your total diet will depend on the amounts you eat and the other foods you consume . Where do vitamin , mineral , and fiber supplements fit in ? Supplements of vitamins , minerals , or fiber also may help to meet special nutritional needs . However , supplements do not supply all of the nutrients and other substances present in foods that are important to health . Supplements of some nutrients taken regularly in large amounts are harmful . Daily vitamin and mineral supplements at or below the Recommended Dietary Allowances are considered safe , but are usually not needed by people who eat the variety of foods depicted in the Food Guide Pyramid . Sometimes supplements are needed to meet specific nutrient requirements . For example , older people and others with little exposure to sunlight may need a vitamin D supplement . Women of childbearing age may reduce the risk of certain birth defects by consuming folate - rich foods or folic acid supplements . Iron supplements are recommended for pregnant women . However , because foods contain many nutrients and other substances that promote health , the use of supplements can not substitute for proper food choices . Enjoy eating a variety of foods . Get the many nutrients your body needs by choosing among the varied foods you enjoy from these groups : grain products , vegetables , fruits , milk and milk products , protein - rich plant foods ( beans , nuts ) , and protein - rich animal foods ( lean meat , poultry , fish , and eggs ) . Remember to choose lean and low fat foods and beverages most often . Many foods you eat contain servings from more than one food group . For example , soups and stews may | [
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http://health.heraldtribune.com/2015/03/31/what-can-be-done-about-elevated-white-blood-cell-count/ | What can be done about elevated white blood cell count ? By Dr . Keith Roach , Herald - Tribune Tuesday , March 31 , 2015 DEAR DR . ROACH : I am a male , 84 years old and in pretty good health . The only problems I have are high blood pressure and cholesterol , which are under control . I see my primary doctor every six months , at which time he has me do a blood draw , and during the visits he discusses the results with me . During the past two visits , my white blood cell count has been somewhat elevated . As I recall , he said a count below 10,000 is within standard , and mine is slightly high at 10,700 . ANSWER : " Leukocytosis " is the Greek word we use to describe elevated white blood cell counts . In my hospital ' s laboratory , the normal range is from 3,500 to 11,000 , so yours would n ' t be considered elevated . " Normal " in this context means that 95 percent of the healthy population is within that range , which implies that about 2.5 percent of healthy people will have a white blood cell count over 11,000 . Many conditions cause the WBC count to increase temporarily , especially infection . However , if the condition is persistent , then the first step in understanding why is to determine which type of white blood cells has increased . The most plentiful WBCs normally are the lymphocytes and the granulocytes ( the others , monocytes , basophils and eosinophils , are very rarely the cause for a leukocytosis ) . Infection typically causes an increase in granulocytes . High numbers of lymphocytes are seen in certain infections such as acute mononucleosis , but also in myeloproliferative disorders , like Given your mild elevation , I do n ' t think there is anything you need to do ; the likelihood of this being a serious condition is small . If the level keeps climbing , your doctor will do some further testing or will refer you to hematologist , who will try to find out the underlying cause of the leukocytosis . Only when that is known can treatment be recommend . DEAR DR . ROACH : I am a healthy 65 - year - old man , who is 6 feet tall and weighs 185 pounds . I am active , eat well , work part - time outdoors , go to the gym three times per week and take no meds . For the past year or so , four or five nights per week I wake up at night drenched in sweat from my chest to my waist . I have to change my T - shirt and sometimes have to put a towel underneath me because the sheet is damp . This will ANSWER : The condition of night sweats is not uncommon . There are many causes , and although we worry about chronic infections ( such as tuberculosis ) and malignancies ( such as lymphoma ) , the fact that it has been going on this long with you feeling so well suggests that you may have a more benign cause . Sometimes no cause is found . However , you should see your doctor , who might be able to find the cause after a careful history and physical exam . Checking to see if you have a fever during the episode If the answer is n ' t obvious , your doctor also may look for some uncommon causes , such as pheochromocytoma , carcinoid syndrome , diabetes insipidus and hyperthyroidism . READERS : The booklet on back problems gives an outline of the causes of and treatments for the more - common back maladies . Readers can order a copy by writing : Dr . Roach - - No . 303 , Box 536475 , Orlando , FL 32853 - 6475 . Enclose a check or money order for $ 4.75 U.S. / $ 6 Can . with the recipient ' s printed name and address . Please allow four weeks for delivery . * * * Dr . Roach regrets that he is unable to answer individual letters , but will incorporate them in the column whenever possible . Readers may email questions to ToYourGoodHealth @ med . cornell . edu or request an order form of available health newsletters at P.O. Box 536475 , Orlando , FL 32853 - 6475 . Health newsletters may be ordered from www . rbmamall . com . Dr . Keith Roach Dr . Roach regrets that he is unable to answer individual letters , but will incorporate them in the column whenever possible . Readers may email questions to ToYourGoodHealth @ med . cornell . edu or request an order form of available health newsletters at P.O. Box 536475 , Orlando , FL 32853 - 6475 . Health newsletters may be ordered from www . rbmamall . com . Last modified : March 24 , 2015 All rights reserved . This copyrighted material may not be published without permissions . Links are encouraged . SIMILAR STORIES This case of lupus was drug - induced Extensive pain likely due to nerve damage , but not shingles Pool chemicals do not cause cancer Leaflike tumor in breast is rare occurrence | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/diseases-conditions/allergies/allergy-basics/allergy2.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Diseases & Conditions Allergies Allergy Basics How Allergies Work Allergic Reactions Prev NEXT Image courtesy NIAID Although mast cells are found in connective tissue and basophils are a type of white blood cell , they have one thing in common to the allergy sufferer . They contain histamine , an important weapon in the body ' s arsenal for fighting infection . Unfortunately , when released into the body inappropriately or in too high a quantity , histamine is a potentially devastating substance . The Allergic Cascade It takes between a week and 10 days of sensitizing exposure for the mast cells and basophils to become primed with IgE antibodies . Then , if the allergen comes along again , it triggers a destructive domino effect within the system called the allergic cascade Whether it ' s a protein molecule on a ragweed pollen particle that has been inhaled , or the injected protein in the venom of a wasp , the same sequence of events takes place : The IgE antibodies bound to the surfaces of basophils and mast cells recognize the protein surface markers of the allergen . The IgE antibodies react by binding to the protein surface markers while remaining attached to the mast cells or basophils . This binding alerts a group of special proteins called the complement complex that circulates in the blood . There are about 20 proteins in this family of proteins , at least nine of which are involved in the allergic - response mechanism . After the IgE antibody ( which is already attached to a mast cell or basophil ) encounters and binds to its specific allergen , the first complement protein attaches itself to the site . This alerts the next complement protein in the sequence , which joins and alerts the next , and so on . When the string is complete , the offending cell is destroyed . This is fine in a normal immune system , as Ig antibodies latch onto surface markers of disease cells and cause their destruction . But in an allergic episode , the cells involved are mast cells and basophils . When mast cells and basophils are destroyed , their stores of histamine and other allergy mediators are released into the surrounding tissues and blood . This causes dilation of surface blood vessels and a subsequent drop in blood pressure . The spaces between surrounding cells fill with fluid . Depending on the allergen or the part of the body involved , this brings on the various allergy symptoms , some of the most common being : Itching ( body , eyes , nose ) Hives Sneezing Wheezing Nausea Diarrhea Vomiting Cross Reactivity Although the exact mechanism is n ' t yet understood , allergy sufferers sometimes find that once they have become sensitized to certain allergens , they also exhibit allergic symptoms when exposed to related substances . For example , if you have an allergic reaction to honeybee venom , you might also test positive for hypersensitivity to all other types of bee venom . Systemic Reactions Some allergic people become sensitized to proteins in such things as ragweed pollen , latex , certain foods , and drugs like penicillin . With these allergies , the reaction can involve the entire body . This is called a systemic reaction , and is what your doctor is watching for when you are asked to wait around for a while after an injection . In a systemic reaction , the release of allergy mediators ( chief among them being histamine ) causes capillaries all over the body to dilate . If this proceeds to the point of danger , anaphylaxis . If it proceeds even further , the victim passes into anaphylactic shock . See the next page to learn more . 1 2 3 4 5 NEXT | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/diseases-conditions/allergies/allergy-treatments/what-age-can-you-do-an-allergy-skin-test.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Diseases & Conditions Allergies Allergy Treatments At what age can you do an allergy skin test ? by HowStuffWorks . com Contributors Up Next Allergies tend to be hereditary . When one parent has an allergy to something , there ' s a 50 percent chance that his or her child will also have some type of allergy . If both parents are allergic , the chances go up to 75 or 80 percent . An allergy means that your body is overly sensitive to a certain harmless substance , and when it comes in contact with that substance , or allergen , it reacts to eradicate that invader . Allergic symptoms are the manifestation of the effort to get rid of the allergen that Most allergies show up by the time a child is 10 years old . You can perform an allergy skin test on infants as young as six months , but they ' re not considered totally reliable in kids younger than two years old . Before going ahead with any type of skin test , a doctor usually takes a few factors into account . First of all , he ' ll ask about your family history of allergies and asthma , as well as your child ' s history of allergic symptoms . Symptoms can include hives , a runny nose There are four types of allergy skin tests : scratch , puncture , prick and intradermal . The skin prick test is the most common . The idea behind these tests is to check your child ' s reaction to a variety of common allergens . Little drops of these allergens are poked into the skin , and then you wait about 15 minutes to see whether any red bumps appear on the site of the prick . The size of the red bumps indicates how sensitive your child is to a specific allergen . If someone is extremely sensitive | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/diseases-conditions/allergies/indoor-allergies/eliminating-dust-mites.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Diseases & Conditions Allergies Indoor Allergies Eliminating Dust Mites by the editors of PureHealthMD Up Next Do you ever wake up with a headache , itchy eyes or congestion ? Many people believe their allergies are a result of changes in the weather , mold and pollen , which could all be true , but allergies can also be caused by household dust mites . Dust mites feed on dead skin , and people shed enough of it each day to feed millions of them . Invisible to the naked eye , these little guys are easy to ignore until they become a respiratory irritant . It is impossible to eliminate dust mites entirely from your Dust mites are tiny cream - colored organisms that live off organic materials like dead skin flakes or dust , making our homes the perfect feasting grounds . These little guys live in our carpets , pillows , mattresses , beds and rugs because they provide both food and moisture . The average bed is home to anywhere from 100,000 - 10,000,000 dust mites . Our health is not affected by dust mites themselves , but by the allergens they produce in their feces , which we can inhale into our lungs . Ridding your home of dust mites ( the green way ) . Wash your bedding once a week with hot water . While this is not energy efficient , cold water will not kill dust mites . Eucalyptus essential oils kill dust mites . Combine 2 cups of distilled water , 5 drops of organic liquid soap and 30 drops of eucalyptus essential oil , and spray it on your bed daily to keep the dust mites at bay . Keep the temperature in your room relatively cool . Dust mites prefer warmer climates . Add some plants to your bedroom . They regulate the level of humidity in the room , which in turn can help reduce dust mites . Purchase a dehumidifier . This will help regulate humidity which will make it less inhabitable for dust mites . Purchase an organic , natural latex mattress . These mattresses fight dust mites and are free of fire retardants and synthetic chemicals , which are sprayed on most traditional mattresses . These are about double the cost , but well worth it . Purchase all - natural , untreated organic dust mite pillow and mattress covers . They are a small investment , and can help eliminate dust mites from your bedding . Purchase an air mattress . Dust mites ca n ’ t inhabit this inexpensive bedding alternative . Carpet is a breeding ground for dust mites , and the best option is to eliminate it from your home altogether . If you ca n ’ t do this , vacuum with a HEPA filter . Dust with a damp cloth so it actually collects the dust mites instead of spreading them . Add a few drops of organic eucalyptus and wintergreen essential oils to the damp cloth to kill the dust mites while you collect them . Put items such as blankets , sheets , pillows and curtains in a plastic bag in the freezer for 48 hours . This will kill the dust mites . Make sure you wash these items after they have been in the freezer to ensure the residue from the mites is gone . How Allergies Work What makes some people susceptible to allergies ? How to Allergy - proof Your Home Can you fight allergies with local honey ? Are we more worried about food allergies than we should be ? | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/diseases-conditions/death-dying/pain-and-fear-of-death.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Diseases & Conditions Death & Dying Pain and Fear of Death by Scott Fishman , M.D . Up Next Pain expert Dr . Scott Fishman answers questions about end of life pain : Q : How does fear of death affect pain at the end of life ? A : Pain at the end of life is inescapably interwoven with , and often amplified by , multiple levels of emotional and spiritual angst as the inevitability of death looms . Fear , a potent pain magnifier , is the dominant emotion - fear of pain , fear of death , fear of the unknown . It is commonly believed that people at the end of life fear pain even more than they fear death . Sadly , for many dying patients , pain seems like the ultimate torment , and death is its cure . It does not have to be this way , and if you or a loved one is facing death , you have every right to ask that your final days not be consumed by pain . Fear is just one of the powerful emotions in the mix . Dying patients are often prey to a host of anxieties about the state of their affairs , about the fate of those who will grieve their loss , and about how their behavior will be seen , and possibly judged , during their final hours . And of course , there are often deep spiritual and religious questions to address . Did my life have meaning ? Will my soul survive my body ? Am I at peace with myself , my family , and my friends ? Not least of all these concerns , people at the end of life worry about how their pain will be managed . Will they be under medicated and have to ask , or even beg for relief ? Will they be overmedicated and lose consciousness during their precious waning days and hours ? They may even be afraid to complain . If they do , will they be seen as whiners or quitters ? If they ask for narcotics , will they be judged by their doctors as drug seeking , or even cowardly ? Or will their medical care be relegated to comfort measures only , while all efforts to cure their illness are suspended ? One of the most universal fears is dying alone or being emotionally abandoned . Whether from a feeling of helplessness or aversion , caregivers may spend less time with someone who is dying or neglect to offer simple human comfort , like holding someone ' s hand or sitting with them for a moment . Dying patients who sense reluctance and avoidance feel abandoned and rejected . The cloud of imminent death casts a shadow of abandonment at a time when a person needs to feel connected and loved . | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/diseases-conditions/death-dying/water-intoxication.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Diseases & Conditions Death & Dying How can someone die from drinking too much water ? by Julia Layton Up Next The symptoms of water intoxication are similar to the symptoms of alcohol intoxication . Stockbyte / Getty Images In January 2007 , hours after competing in a radio station contest to win a Nintendo Wii , 28 - year - old Jennifer Strange was found dead in her California home . The station ' s " Hold Your Wee for a Wii " challenge awarded the game system to the contestant who could drink the most water without having to take a trip to the bathroom . According to preliminary autopsy reports , Ms . Strange apparently died from drinking too much water too quickly , resulting in a condition called water intoxication At its most basic , water intoxication occurs when a person drinks so much water that the other nutrients in the body become diluted to the point that they can no longer do their jobs . You ' ve probably heard the term electrolyte before , whether in reference to sports drinks ( which provide electrolytes in addition to fluids ) or to certain conditions , such as bulimia or diarrhea , that cause dangerous " electrolyte imbalances " in the body . Electrolytes are simply salt ions ( atoms with an overall positive or negative charge ) that cells use to move fluids and nerve messages into and out of cells and throughout the body . Without electrolytes , the body ca n ' t function ( see What are electrolytes ? for a more detailed description ) . Water intoxication causes an electrolyte imbalance that affects concentrations of the ion sodium , and it leads to a condition called hyponatremia In cases of water intoxication , it is extreme hyponatremia that can ultimately cause coma and death . If it ' s caught early , treatment with IV fluids containing electrolytes can lead to a complete recovery ; but untreated , hyponatremia is fatal . Water intoxication is basically one form of hyponatremia - - the condition can also be caused by excessive sweating , severe burns , prolonged dehydration and certain liver and kidney problems , among other diseases and conditions . When a person dies from hyponatremia as a result of water intoxication , the initiating factor is a severe sodium imbalance that causes massive cell damage . Sodium is a positively charged ion , and its role in the body is to circulate the fluids outside of cells . As a result , sodium helps regulate blood pressure and maintain the signals that let muscles operate properly , among other things . Cells actively maintain a precise sodium concentration in the body . Inside the cell , there are more electrolytes ; outside the cell , there is more water . Cells keep sodium levels healthy by moving water and electrolytes into and out of the cell to either dilute or increase sodium levels in body fluids . But when someone drinks a tremendous amount of water in a short period of time , and the water does not contain any added electrolytes , the cellular maintenance system ca n ' t handle the level The result is that cells desperately try to increase the sodium concentration in body fluids by taking in tremendous amounts of water . Some cells can swell a great deal ; others can not . Brain cells are constrained by the skull and can end up bursting with the pressure of the water they are taking in . The exact amount of water intake that can lead to water intoxication is unknown and varies with each individual . Symptoms of water intoxication actually look a lot like the symptoms of alcohol intoxication , including nausea , altered mental state , and vomiting . Other symptoms include headaches , muscle weakness and convulsions . In severe cases of water intoxication , coma and death come fairly quickly as a result of brain swelling . The condition is quite rare in the general population , but in distance athletics , it ' s a known risk and is often avoided by drinking sports drinks instead of water during training and events . How Bottled Water Works How Cells Work What are electrolytes ? How Water Towers Work How much water is there on Earth ? CNN . com : Woman drinks so much water she dies - Jan . 13 , 2007 The London Free Press : Sports drinks fight water intoxication - Jan . 16 , 2007 MedlinePlus Encyclopedia : Hyponatremia Sources Helmenstine , Anne Marie , Ph . D . " Can You Drink Too Much Water ? " About : Chemistry . http : / / chemistry . about . com / cs / 5 / f / blwaterintox . htm " Hyponatremia . " MedlinePlus Encyclopedia . http : / / www . nlm . nih . gov / medlineplus / ency / article / 000394 . htm Lillis , Ryan . " Woman dies from water intoxication . " The Courier News . Jan . 16 , 2007 . http : / / www . suburbanchicagonews . com / couriernews / news / 212558 , 3_1_EL16_A7WATER_S1 . article Miner , Josh . " Sports drinks fight water intoxication . " The London Free Press . Jan . 16 , 2007 . http : / / lfpress . ca / newsstand / Today / 2007 / 01 / 16 / 3387786 - sun . html " Woman drinks so much water she dies . " CNN . com . Jan . 13 , 2007 . http : / / www . cnn . com / 2007 / US / 01 / 13 / water . intox . ap / index . html | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/diseases-conditions/headache/migraine1.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Diseases & Conditions Headache Migraines Overview by Jennifer Pocock Anatomy of a Migraine Prev NEXT Genetics play a major role in your chance of developing migraines . © iStockphoto / Don Bayley Nobody is completely sure of what causes some people to have migraines and some not to . Doctors do know that they run in families . If one of your parents has migraine problems , you have a 50 percent chance of developing them . If both of your parents have migraines , you chances jump to about 70 percent . Likewise , doctors do n ' t know for sure what happens when a trigger causes a migraine , or what exactly happens in the brain . Right now they think that migraine is caused by a progression of several things : Pain - sensing cells in your brain stem ( nociceptors ) pick up on this change in your routine and release a chemical ( neuropeptides ) . This chemical attacks other pain - sensing cells nearby , making them more sensitive to pain . They also release neuropeptides . Some of these chemicals begin to work on the muscles surrounding the blood vessels near the surface of your brain . Those muscles relax , making the blood vessels dilate and causing more blood to flow . This is where doctors think the aura in a classic migraine comes from . Some of the neuropeptide chemicals cause the cranial ( skull ) vessels to begin leaking , making the tissue around the area swell . Doctors now think that the combination of these factors - - increased sensitivity , swelling brain tissues and swelling of blood vessels - - is the cause of migraines . Is a migraine just a really bad headache ? The short answer - - nope . A common headache is caused by the cranial blood vessels narrowing ( vasoconstriction ) , while migraine pain is due to the expansion of those blood vessels ( vasodilation ) . During a migraine , the tissue surrounding the brain is swollen , causing intense pain . Medication prescribed for a headache ( developed to dilate the blood vessels ) , will actually increase migraine pain . This is just one of the many reasons why proper diagnosis of migraine is so important [ source : M.A.G.N.U.M. - The National Migraine Association ] . 1 2 3 8 NEXT | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/human-body/systems/immune/immune-system3.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Human Body Body Systems Immune System How Your Immune System Works by Marshall Brain Viral or Bacterial Infection Prev NEXT When a virus or bacteria ( also known generically as a germ ) invades your body and reproduces , it normally causes problems . Generally the germ ' s presence produces some side effect that makes you sick . For example , the strep throat bacteria ( Streptococcus ) releases a toxin that causes inflammation in your throat . The polio virus releases toxins that destroy nerve cells ( often leading to paralysis ) . Some bacteria are benign or beneficial ( for example , we all have millions of bacteria in our intestines and they help digest food ) Viral and bacterial infections are by far the most common causes of illness for most people . They cause things like colds , influenza , measles , mumps , malaria , AIDS and so on . The job of your immune system is to protect your body from these infections . The immune system protects you in three different ways : It creates a barrier that prevents bacteria and viruses from entering your body . If a bacteria or virus does get into the body , the immune system tries to detect and eliminate it before it can make itself at home and reproduce . If the virus or bacteria is able to reproduce and start causing problems , your immune system is in charge of eliminating it . The immune system also has several other important jobs . For example , your immune system can detect cancer in early stages and eliminate it in many cases . Bacteria and Viruses Your body is a multi - cellular organism made up of perhaps 100 trillion cells . The cells in your body are fairly complicated machines . Each one has a nucleus , energy production equipment , etc . Bacteria are single - celled organisms that are much simpler . For example , they have no nucleus . They are perhaps 1 / 100th the size of a human cell and might measure 1 micrometer long . Bacteria are completely independent organisms able to eat and reproduce - they are sort of like fish swimming in the ocean of your body A virus is a different breed altogether . A virus is not really alive . A virus particle is nothing but a fragment of DNA in a protective coat . The virus comes in contact with a cell , attaches itself to the cell wall and injects its DNA ( and perhaps a few enzymes ) into the cell . The DNA uses the machinery inside the living cell to reproduce new virus particles . Eventually the hijacked cell dies and bursts , freeing the new virus particles ; or the viral particles may bud off of the cell so 1 2 3 4 16 17 NEXT | [
"Immune System",
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/human-body/systems/musculoskeletal/muscle1.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Human Body Body Systems Musculoskeletal System How Muscles Work by Craig Freudenrich , Ph . D . Skeletal - muscle Basics Prev NEXT Cross section of a skeletal muscle ( 200x ) showing the muscle fibers ( red ) and the fat cells ( white ) Skeletal muscle is also called striated muscle , because when it is viewed under polarized light or stained with an indicator , you can see alternating stripes of light and dark . Skeletal muscle has a complex structure that is essential to how it contracts . We will tease apart a skeletal muscle , starting with the largest structures and working our way to the smaller ones . The basic action of any muscle is contraction . For example , when you think about moving your arm using your biceps muscle , your brain sends a signal down a nerve cell telling your biceps muscle to contract . The amount of force that the muscle creates varies - - the muscle can contract a little or a lot depending on the signal that the nerve sends . All that any muscle can do is create contraction force . A muscle is a bundle of many cells called fibers . You can think of muscle fibers as long cylinders , and compared to other cells in your body , muscle fibers are quite big . They are from about 1 to 40 microns long and 10 to 100 microns in diameter . For comparison , a strand of hair is about 100 microns in diameter , and a typical cell in your body is about 10 microns in diameter . A muscle fiber contains many myofibrils , which are cylinders of muscle proteins . These proteins allow a muscle cell to contract . Myofibrils contain two types of filaments that run along the long axis of the fiber , and these filaments are arranged in hexagonal patterns . There are thick and thin filaments . Each thick filament is surrounded by six thin filaments . Thick and thin filaments are attached to another structure called the Z - disk or Z - line , which runs perpendicular to the long axis of the fiber ( the myofibril that runs from one Z - line to another is called a sarcomere ) . Running vertically down the Z - line is a small tube called the transverse or T - tubule , which is actually part of the cell membrane that extends deep inside the fiber . Inside the fiber , stretching along the long axis between T - tubules , is a membrane system called the sarcoplasmic reticulum , which stores and releases the calcium ions that trigger muscle contraction . 1 2 3 5 NEXT | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/medicine/medication/inotropic-drug.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Medicine Medications Inotropic Drugs : What You Need to Know by Jill Ferguson NEXT Inotropic drugs alter the strength of your heartbeat . Plush Studios / Riser / Getty Images An inotropic drug is a medicine that alters the force or strength of the heart ' s muscular contractions ( heartbeats ) . There are two different types of inotropic drugs : negative and positive . Negative inotropic drugs make the heart beat less strongly , and positive inotropic drugs make the heart beat more strongly . Both kinds are used in the management of various conditions that affect the function of the heart . One of the most important factors affecting the strength of the heart ' s muscular contractions is the level of calcium in the fluid inside the heart ' s muscle cells . Calcium is one of the most common electrolytes in the human body . Other common electrolytes are sodium , potassium , chloride and magnesium . We need the right balance of these electrolytes for proper functioning of the heart , nerves , muscles and kidneys Electrolytes are minerals that come from the foods we eat and fluids we drink . They ' re found in the fluids throughout the body - - not only in the blood and urine , but also inside the body ' s cells and in the space surrounding the cells . Like their name suggests , electrolytes have an electrical charge , and they conduct electrical impulses ( electricity ) . Electrical impulses generate muscle contractions . The level of each of the electrolytes must be kept within a narrow range in order for the body to function properly . In particular , it ' s important to maintain precise differences between the levels of electrolytes in the fluids inside the cells and outside the cells . It ' s these differences that allow our cells ( especially nerve , heart and muscle cells ) to maintain electrical voltages across their cell membranes , generate electrical impulses and produce muscle contractions . Calcium plays an important role in the process of heart muscle contraction . In general , calcium levels are increased by positive inotropic drugs and decreased by negative inotropic drugs . But different types of inotropic drugs change calcium levels in different ways . Next , we ' ll learn about the different kinds of inotropic drugs . 1 2 3 NEXT | [
"Inotropic Drugs",
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/mental-health/human-nature/perception/eye10.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Mental Health Human Nature Human Perception How Vision Works Depth Perception Prev NEXT The eye uses three methods to determine distance : The size a known object has on your retina - If you have knowledge of the size of an object from previous experience , then your brain can gauge the distance based on the size of the object on the retina . Moving parallax - When you move your head from side to side , objects that are close to you move rapidly across your retina . However , objects that are far away move very little . In this way , your brain can tell roughly how far something is from you . Stereo vision - Each eye receives a different image of an object on its retina because each eye is about 2 inches apart . This is especially true when an object is close to your eyes . This is less useful when objects are far away because the images on the retina become more identical the farther they are from your eyes . 1 2 11 12 NEXT | [
"Vision",
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/pregnancy-and-parenting/pregnancy/labor-delivery/10002-childbirth-signs-and-symptoms-of-labor.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Pregnancy & Parenting Pregnancy Labor & Delivery Signs and Symptoms of Labor Up Next Pregnancy Image Gallery Understanding the signs and stages of childbirth will help you be prepared and have a healthy birthing experience . See more pregnancy pictures Mark Harmel / Taxi / Getty Images The process of childbirth can be divided into three distinct stages . Understanding the signs and stages of childbirth will help you be prepared and have a healthy birthing experience . First - stage Childbirth : Labor and Transition The first stage of childbirth begins with labor , the rhythmic contractions that open the cervix and press the baby through the birth canal . This stage of childbirth , from the onset of progressing labor contractions until the cervix is completely dilated , is almost always the longest . It usually starts slowly and then speeds up when the dilation of the cervix reaches about 4 to 5 centimeters ( full dilation is 10 centimeters ) . But what signs indicate when labor has begun ? That ' s what every expectant mother wants to know ! Labor does not begin suddenly , it evolves gradually . It can take hours , even days , to figure out whether the sensations you ' re feeling are labor or prelabor ( also called false labor ) . Some subtle signs and symptoms that you are beginning first stage childbirth include a vague backache that may cause restlessness , several soft bowel movements accompanied by flulike feelings , and a nesting urge - - an unusual burst of energy , particularly related to cleaning and getting your home ready for the baby . As childbirth nears , there are some more specific symptoms that may occur . You may pass some blood - tinged mucus , called the bloody show , from the vagina . This is associated with thinning of the cervix , and it can occur days before other signs of labor or not until after labor contractions are progressing . You may notice a leakage of fluid from the vagina , which indicates that there is a small break in the amniotic sac ( also called bag of waters ) surrounding the baby . This occurs in 10 to 12 There are two absolutely clear signs that you are in labor : contractions that become longer , stronger , and closer together with the passage of time and the breaking of the bag of waters . When you ' re in true labor , you ' ll feel the contractions in the abdomen , the back , or both , and they will be painful and strong . The best way to be sure whether your contractions are progressing is to time them . On a sheet of paper , list the times contractions begin and how long they last . Keep track for an hour or two . If they are not progressing , stop for a while and then time them again to see if there ' s been any change . Contractions are If your bag of waters breaks , you may hear a popping sound , and you ' ll experience a gush or leak followed by contractions . Labor usually speeds up after the bag of waters breaks . Each woman ' s labor is different . And even in the same woman , each labor will be different . Some labors start slowly and then speed up unexpectedly , while others start rapidly and then slow down . Some labors are very fast , lasting only a few hours . Some are very long , lasting a day or two . The average length is about 15 to 16 hours for first - time mothers and 7 or 8 hours for women with previous childbirths . How painful the labor is , and how tired you become , The final phase of first - stage childbirth is called transition , and it is particularly intense . This is the time during which your cervix will dilate from 7 to 10 centimeters . You may feel the urge to push during this phase , but you ' ll be advised to resist . Pushing before your cervix is fully dilated can injure it and the perineal tissues , and it may lead to heavy bleeding . Second - stage Childbirth : Pushing and Birth The second stage of childbirth , the pushing stage , culminates in the birth . This stage lasts from 15 minutes to 3 hours or more . The nature of your contractions may change during this stage . They will likely be spaced farther apart , and they ' ll be accompanied by a reflex need to strain or grunt , which comes and goes three to five times per contraction . The combination of the uterine contraction and your bearing - down effort pushes the baby closer to the outside . It is hard work and it hurts , Third - stage Childbirth : Expelling the Placenta Your work is n ' t over , though , when the baby is born . There ' s one more stage of childbirth , one more job you have to do - - and that ' s expelling the placenta . This stage usually lasts from 5 to 30 minutes . A nurse or other caregiver will keep a hand on your abdomen to determine when the placenta separates from the uterine wall . Then you will be asked to push it out . You may feel some cramps , but the discomfort is usually minimal . Once the Factors Influencing Childbirth Labor is primarily a phenomenon that is out of your control . But there are some things you can do to have a positive impact on your labor and childbirth experience . Here ' s what you can and ca n ' t control : Childbirth factors you can control , to some extent : Your emotional state and attitude toward childbirth ( optimism , confidence , relaxation versus anxiety , fear , and tension ) Presence of a helpful caring partner or partners Knowledge of what to expect A soothing childbirth environment and a professional staff that help you feel secure and well cared for Good care of yourself ( including good nourishment and good health habits ) Childbirth factors you can not control : Size and shape of your pelvis Size and shape of baby ' s head and shoulders Baby ' s station ( how low it is in the pelvis ) , presentation ( which part of the baby ' s body emerges first ) , and position ( the baby ' s location and orientation ) The condition of your cervix when contractions begin The power of your contractions The amount of rest you have between contractions Some aspects of your general health and your baby ' s well - being before and after childbirth How C - sections Work Should you save your baby ' s umbilical cord blood ? How Childbirth Works Top 10 Tips for a Healthy Pregnancy How Pregnancy Works | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/sexual-health/male-reproductive-system/penis-definition.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Sexual Health Male Reproductive System Penis by DiscoveryHealth . com writers NEXT A penis is the male sexual and reproductive organ , consisting of a head , called the glans , and the shaft or body . The body or shaft of the penis is made up of three cylinders of soft , spongy tissue , which contain many small blood vessels . The entire penis contains many nerve endings that make it sensitive to touch , pressure , and temperature . The glans , however , has a higher concentration of nerve endings than the shaft of the penis and is thus particularly sensitive to physical stimulation . Two other areas that are highly sensitive are the rim that separates the glans from the shaft of the penis , called the coronal ridge , and the small triangular region on the underside of the penis where a thin strip of skin called the frenulum attaches to the glans . During sexual excitement , the blood vessels of the spongy tissue fill with blood and swell up . The rapid , forceful dilation of these blood vessels throughout the entire penis causes it to become firm and grow in size . This transition from a soft ( flaccid ) penis to a harder , stiffer penis is called getting an erection . The penis usually returns to a softer ( non - flaccid ) state shortly after ejaculation or after the penis is no longer being stimulated . The erect penis is inserted into a woman ' s vagina during the sexual act called intercourse or coitus . When a man reaches the pinnacle of sexual excitement , his orgasm is often accompanied by spurts of semen from the opening at the tip of the glans . This is called ejaculation . The semen that is released from the penis during ejaculation contains sperm , the reproductive cell capable of fertilizing an ovum or egg , the female reproductive cell . When one of the millions of sperm encounters an egg inside a woman ' s body , their union can produce a pregnancy . The appearance of the penis varies considerably from one male to another . There can be differences in color , shape , size , and the status of the foreskin ( circumcised or uncircumcised ) . 1 2 3 NEXT | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/skin-care/information/nutrition/diet-affect-moisture-of-skin.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Skin Care Skin Information Skin & Nutrition Can my diet affect the moisture of my skin ? by Sarah Jourdain Up Next Eating foods high in fatty acids may help moisturize your skin . © iStockphoto . com / Phil Date If you struggle with dry skin , you may spend hours applying moisturizers . However , you may be surprised to learn that you can actually moisturize your skin from the inside out . To achieve dewy , hydrated skin , you need to make sure you ' re getting enough fluids throughout the day . Drinking water is the best way to keep your fluid levels up , but eating fluid - rich foods such as fruit , vegetables and soup can also help . Alcoholic and caffeinated drinks , on the other hand , actually cause you to lose fluids . Keeping your body hydrated not only improves your overall health , but it also helps your skin look younger and healthier . Water removes toxins in your system and helps your Barel Kovacs ] . Water and other fluids affect your overall hydration , but some foods specifically affect the moisture generated in your skin . Foods high in essential fatty acids , such as omega - 3 and omega - 6 , help your skin produce more lipids that strengthen your skin cells . These lipid - bolstered cells also trap natural oils in your skin and help prevent dryness . Foods rich in omega - 3 fatty acids include walnuts , flaxseed oil , salmon and other fish , and those high in omega - 6 fatty acids include corn and safflower oils Fries Lowenstein ] . If you do n ' t eat fish , taking an omega - 3 supplement , such as fish oil or flaxseed oil , can increase your essential fatty acid intake . Although no scientific studies have proved that such foods relieve dry skin , some studies suggest they may [ source : Barel ] . Studies also show that consuming foods high in vitamins B - 2 , B - 6 , B - 12 , C and E can help hydrate your skin and repair sun damage . Such vitamin - rich foods include citrus fruit , nuts , whole grains , broccoli , sunflower seeds , egg yolks and milk . For more information on how diet affects your skin ' s moisture , check out the links below . Fact or Fiction : Skin Moisturizing Top 5 Sunscreens for Sensitive Skin 6 Home Remedies for Wrinkles Top 5 Foods for Beautiful Skin Top 5 Things Your Nails Say About Your Health Sources Barel , André O . , Marc Paye and Howard I . Maibach . " Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology , Third Edition . " Informa Health Care . 2009 ( Accessed 9 / 26 / 09 ) http : / / books . google . com / books ? id = YvYqa1fptDcC&dq = diet + skin + hydration&source = gbs_navlinks_s Fries , Wendy C . " Dry Skin : Soothing the Itch in Winter . " WebMD . October 17 , 2008 ( Accessed 9 / 26 / 09 ) http : / / www . webmd . com / skin - problems - and - treatments / features / dry - skin - soothing - the - itch - in - winter Griffin , R . Morgan . " What ' s Causing Your Dry Skin Problem ? " WebMD . March 6 , 2009 ( Accessed 9 / 26 / 09 ) http : / / www . webmd . com / skin - problems - and - treatments / features / whats - causing - your - dry - skin - problem Kovacs , Betty . " Which Foods Can Help Dry Skin ? " MedicineNet . December 20 , 2006 ( Accessed 9 / 26 / 09 ) http : / / www . medicinenet . com / script / main / art . asp ? articlekey = 78645 Lowenstein , Kate . " Diet for Healthy Skin . " Everyday Health . November 20 , 2008 ( Accessed 9 / 26 / 09 ) http : / / www . everydayhealth . com / dry - skin / healthy - skin - diet . aspx Watson , Stephanie . " Beauty and Skin Care : Vitamins and Antioxidants . " WebMD . September 30 , 2009 ( Accessed 10 / 12 / 09 ) http : / / www . webmd . com / vitamins - lifestyle - guide / beauty - skin - care - vitamins - antioxidants | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/skin-care/lip-care/health/treat-a-fever-blister.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Skin Care Lip Care Lip Health How to Treat a Fever Blister by Sarah Jourdain NEXT Fever blisters , also known as cold sores , are caused by the type 1 herpes simplex virus . © iStockphoto . com / Rebecca Ellis You wake up one morning with a tingling or burning sensation on your lip and know immediately what ' s coming within the next day or two : a painful cold sore , also known as a fever blister Cold sores are caused by the type 1 herpes simplex virus ( HSV - 1 ) . Type 2 of the same virus usually affects the genital area [ source : MedlinePlus ] . Only people who carry this virus develop these sores , but not everyone who has it experiences recurring infections . In fact , only about 10 percent of those who become infected with the virus develop sores [ source : American Academy of Dermatology ] . Cold sores can be a lifelong irritant for those who do , since there ' s no cure for the virus . How often you have an outbreak - - if at all - - depends on the individual . After you become infected , the virus goes into a dormant state inside your nerve cells . Occasionally , it may replicate and develop into an outbreak as it travels down the nerve to the skin . No one really knows why cold sores appear , but some events - - from the onset of the flu to excessive exposure MedicineNet ] . Sores usually last from seven to 10 days , and most frequently occur near the mouth , lips or nostrils [ source : Mayo Clinic ] . Red blisters form and then break , leaving behind a yellow crust that covers the new skin underneath . These blisters are significantly more contagious to other people until they fully crust over [ source : WebMD ] . However , even when the blister is completely gone , the virus can still be passed on to another person through kissing [ source : MedicineNet Luckily , there are some ways to treat fever blisters so they have less of an impact on your daily life . To learn about treatment options , read the next page . 1 2 3 NEXT | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/skin-care/nail-care/tips/non-acetone-nail-polish-remover.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Skin Care Nail Care Nail Care Tips What ' s the difference between acetone and non - acetone nail polish remover ? by Rachel Oswald Up Next It has to come off eventually ! Medioimages / Photodisc / Getty Images Have you ever stood in the drugstore with chipped nails and stared blankly at all your options for nail polish remover ? You ' re not alone . The main decision you have to make is whether you want acetone or non - acetone nail polish remover . Here ' s the simple secret : While acetone will work faster at getting the polish off of your nails , non - acetone removers will be gentler to them . So what ' s in these removers , anyway ? Acetone is a clear , harsh - smelling and highly flammable liquid . It ' s a solvent , capable of disintegrating even plastic . This explains why it works so quickly breaking apart and removing your nail polish . Isopropyl alcohol is typically used in the making of acetone . The key active ingredient in non - acetone removers is usually ethyl acetate . Made from ethanol and acetic acid , ethyl acetate is colorless and also flammable . In addition to also being used as a solvent , its fragrant smell has led to its use in perfumes . Most of your nail polish removers are going to include solvents as ingredients . If you can remember your lesson about polymers from high school chemistry class , think of it like this : Your nail polish remover is an organic liquid solvent . Nail polish is a hardened organic polymer . When the remover is applied to the polish , the molecules of the solvent will force their way through the polymer molecules , causing the polish to disintegrate . Because of acetone ' s strength as a solvent , it should n ' t be used on your fake nails . The solvent in the polish remover will weaken your extensions and cause them to separate from your natural nail . One of the reasons non - acetone nail polish removers were created was to be used on nail extensions . But for removing sparkly , glitter nail polish , it ' s best to go with the big guns - - acetone polish remover . The chemicals in glitter nail polish make it more difficult than other polishes to break down . If you have strong health concerns about the chemicals used in both acetone and non - acetone polish removers , you should consider switching to a nail polish remover that does n ' t use toxic ingredients . There are also many polish removers on the market today that boast of being fully " natural " and biodegradable . Need more on nail care ? Head on over to the next page . Top 5 Ways to Prevent Nail Biting Top 5 Things Your Nails Say About Your Health How Nail Polish Works Is it bad to cut your cuticles ? Do you need a base coat before you apply nail polish ? Sources Carefair Ltd . " Nail Polish Removers , Are they Dangerous ? " ( 10 / 21 / 09 ) http : / / www . carefair . com / beauty / nails / nail_polish_removers_1484 . html Joy , Dhanya . " Fingernail polish remover . " Buzzle . com . Aug . 31 , 2009 ( 10 / 21 / 09 ) http : / / www . buzzle . com / articles / fingernail - polish - remover . html Sally Beauty . " What is the difference between acetone and non - acetone nail polish remover ? Which is best ? " ( 10 / 21 / 09 ) http : / / www . sallybeauty . com / What - is - the - difference - between - acetone - and - non - acetone - nail - polish - remover+ - Which - is - best / FAQ_NAILS_023 , default , pg . html Sipper , R . Ann . " Cutex Quick and Gentle Nail Polish Remover , Non - Acetone vs Nailtiques Non - Acetone Remover with Aloe Vera . " Associated Content . Aug . 23 , 2006 . ( 10 / 21 / 09 ) http : / / www . associatedcontent . com / article / 53268 / cutex_quick_and_gentle_nail_polish . html ? cat = 69 Vadim , Vanessa . " Are there nontoxic nail products ? " Mother Nature Network . Oct . 13 , 2009 . ( 10 / 21 / 09 ) http : / / www . mnn . com / lifestyle / beauty - fashion / questions / are - there - nontoxic - nail - products | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/skin-care/problems/baby/fifth-disease2.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Skin Care Skin Problems Baby Skin Problems Fifth Disease Overview by John Barrymore Is Fifth Disease Contagious ? Prev NEXT In a word , yes , fifth disease is contagious . Usually , a person infected with the parvovirus is contagious before the rash itself appears . This makes fifth disease different from the other rashes it ' s often confused with , since those conditions are infectious while the rash is present . Since the earlier symptoms of parvovirus are similar to those of a common cold , it ' s often difficult to prevent the infected person from spreading it to others [ source : Center for Disease Control ] . The parvovirus typically spreads when an infected person exhales airborne droplets containing the virus , then another person comes into contact with the droplets [ source : Wisconsin Department of Health Services ] . The good news about that is it ' s possible to prevent spreading infection by practicing good hygiene . When coming down with symptoms of the disease , be sure to frequently wash your hands and throw away used tissues right after use . This may seem like simple advice , but it is an easy way to prevent the spread of disease since your hands come into contact with many shared objects , particularly in public places [ source : Mayo Clinic : Parvovirus ] . Washing your hands might be easy , but if you ' ve ever tried to get a kid to do it , you wo n ' t be surprised to learn how and where fifth disease usually spreads . While you ' re at it , check out the myths surrounding the rash and animals . Scarlet Fever Another childhood disease that ' s often confused with fifth disease is scarlet fever . Although less common than other rash - causing conditions , scarlet fever is similar in that it also comes with cold - like symptoms . However , scarlet fever also has some symptoms that are unique to the disease . They include sandpaper - textured , red bumps that start on the chest and spread all over the body , peeling skin on the tips of fingers and toes , swollen glands in the neck , and a whitish coating on the tongue [ source Center for Disease Control 1 2 3 4 6 NEXT | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/skin-care/problems/medical/skin-discoloration1.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Skin Care Skin Problems Medical Skin Problems Skin Discoloration Basics by John Barrymore Skin Discoloration Causes Prev NEXT Skin discoloration can have many causes , ranging from cosmetic issues to more complex skin issues . The hormones estrogen and progesterone can cause a discoloration known as melasma or chloasma , particularly in women who are pregnant , taking oral contraceptives or on hormone replacement therapy [ source : U.S. National Library of Medicine ] . Sun exposure can cause tanning and burning , and can make existing skin conditions flare up while damaging your skin . Some medications have side effects that cause skin discoloration . They might even make you more sensitive to the sun , which can also lead to discoloration [ source : U.S. National Library of Medicine ] . Also , do n ' t forget about age . Exposure to the sun over time causes age spots ( also known as liver spots ) , which start showing up as you get older . Although these dark places can look like skin cancer , genuine age spots are n ' t a danger [ source : Mayo Clinic ] . Skin discoloration can be caused by more complicated underlying conditions . Vitiligo is a condition in which your melanin - making cells stop working or die . The result is patches of white , colorless skin that start out small but then spread [ source : Mayo Clinic ] . Tinea versicolor is a fungal infection encouraged by warm , humid weather that results in small , discolored areas of skin , which can also be scaly [ source : ] . Increased oil production , fluctuating hormones and a weakened immune system can also help lead to the infection . Morphea results in red or purple spots that discolor your skin , leaving it thick or hard [ source : ] . It tends to strike women more than men , and even though the cause is n ' t yet certain , the immune system is believed to play a role in the discoloration . Of course , the role sun damage plays in skin cancer is commonly known . Those afflicted might notice some skin discoloration . If you notice any sudden or changing spots , you should consult a doctor [ source : American Academy of Dermatology ] . Because there are so many different causes of skin discoloration , there are also many kinds of treatments . Is Indoor Tanning Safe ? You probably know that the sun ' s UV rays damage your skin , leading to everything from age spots to skin cancer . But did you know that tanning beds and sun lamps are unsafe , too ? You ' re still being exposed to UV rays - - just from a different source . In fact , more cases of skin cancer are being seen now that indoor tanning has become so popular [ source : American Academy of Dermatology 1 2 3 NEXT | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/skin-care/problems/treating/argan-oil-help-skin.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Skin Care Skin Problems Treating Skin Problems Can argan oil help my skin ? by Sarah Rutland Up Next Used in lotions or in its pure form , argan oil may help revitalize dry , dull skin . © iStockphoto . com / Mosaikphotography In the world of skin care , there always seems to be some new , wonder substance that ' s touted as having the power to solve all of your beauty problems . When experts stumble upon these natural ingredients that have skin - smoothing or anti - aging properties , you may be tempted to run out and try them immediately . But a little advance research on some of these skin care miracles might help you determine if they provide any real benefit . Argan oil - - a natural product that ' s gained popularity in recent Often called " liquid gold , " argan oil is derived from nuts found within the fruit of argan trees , which grow almost exclusively in a certain region of Morocco . Primarily produced on small , female - run cooperatives , argan oil is high in vitamin E , essential fatty acids and antioxidants , and experts believe it can help with many skin conditions , from dry skin and wrinkles to psoriasis , eczema and acne [ source Larocca ] . These purported restorative and anti - aging benefits have led to a high demand for this difficult - to - produce oil . Argan oil can be found in some lotions , though many people seek it out in its pure form . As such , the oil is easily absorbed and can be used on skin , hair and nails . Moroccans also put argan oil in their food - - a tasty way to receive its health benefits [ source Larocca ] . While most experts agree on the benefits of using argan oil to revitalize and hydrate dull , dry skin , it is n ' t the only natural product that will provide this relief . Other oils , such as olive , safflower , walnut , avocado and evening primrose oil , will provide similar benefits , helping to trap moisture into the skin and providing many of the same antioxidants and nutrients [ source Wright ] . Then again , Moroccan women have sworn by argan oil for years , so - - though it can be a bit pricier than some other oils - - it may be a worthwhile splurge for troublesome skin . To find out more about what natural beauty products and skin care practices could do for your skin , check out the links below . Can a cream really work as well as a face - lift ? Does worrying cause wrinkles ? Could I be allergic to makeup ? How to Brighten a Dull Complexion Is mineral makeup really natural ? What are some easy steps I can take for better skin ? Is it safe to lance a blister ? How Adult Acne Works Sources Larocca , Amy . " Liquid Gold in Morocco . " New York Times . November 18 , 2007 . ( Accessed 9 / 16 / 09 ) http : / / travel . nytimes . com / 2007 / 11 / 18 / travel / tmagazine / 14get - sourcing - caps . html . Wright , Suzanne . " Beyond First Blush : An Up - Close Look at Natural Skin Care Products . " WebMD . March 17 , 2009 . ( Accessed 9 / 16 / 09 ) http : / / www . webmd . com / skin - beauty / features / beyond - first - blush - an - upclose - look - at - natural - skin - care - products . | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/cosmetic-treatments/liposuction.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Wellness Cosmetic Treatments Liposuction 101 by Stephanie Watson NEXT Liposuction is the most popular type of cosmetic surgery in the United States . How do so many celebrities stay super skinny ? Undoubtedly , many of them do it the old fashioned way , by sticking to strict diets and exercise programs . But at least a few have acquired their tight thighs , flat tummies and quarter - bouncing buns in a plastic surgeon ' s office , even if they ' re reluctant to admit it . Celebrities are n ' t the only ones getting a sleeker look with surgery . Doctors perform an estimated 500,000 liposuction procedures in the United States each year , making it the most popular type of cosmetic surgery , according to the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery In this article , we ' ll find out how liposuction is performed , learn what it ' s like to have the procedure done and find out what risks are involved . Most people know that liposuction involves removing fat from certain parts of the body to create a more streamlined shape . But how exactly does it work ? First , what is fat ? It is tissue ( otherwise known as adipose tissue ) made up of cells that store energy and insulate the body . Fat is generally subcutaneous - - located underneath the skin . Where fat is deposited around the body depends on a person ' s gender . In men , fat tends to congregate in the chest , abdomen and buttocks . In women , it generally gathers in the breasts , hips , waist and buttocks . There are two layers of subcutaneous fat : deep and superficial . During a liposuction procedure ( also known as lipoplasty or suction lipectomy ) , the doctor makes a tiny incision and inserts a hollow , stainless - steel tube ( called a cannula ) into the deep fat layer . Working on this layer is safer than working on the superficial layer , because there is less risk of injuring the skin . In a typical procedure , the doctor pushes and pulls the tube through the fat layer ( a new technique , power liposuction , automates the movement ) . As the cannula moves , it breaks up fat cells , and a vacuum pump or syringe removes the fat with suction . On the next page , learn about the risks and considerations involved with liposuction . 1 2 5 NEXT | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/diet-fitness/exercise/benefits-of-walking.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Wellness Diet & Fitness Exercise Benefits of Walking NEXT Walking can help you maintain good health and prevent disease . See more exercise pictures 2007 Photodisc Walking is widely recommended for its health benefits . According to a recent U.S. Surgeon General report on physical activity and health in America , more than half of the U.S. population does not participate regularly in any type of exercise . That physical inactivity can lead to poor health . The Surgeon General urged Americans to " get in shape , " encouraging everyone to get at least one - half hour of moderately vigorous activity ( such as brisk walking ) each day . The latest recommendations suggest that you should try to walk two miles at a brisk pace of three to four miles per hour nearly every day . It is increasingly obvious that one of the best ways to maintain good health is through physical activity . Regular participation in exercise has been shown to be helpful in the prevention of such killers as heart disease , cancer , and diabetes . Exercise also helps to control weight . ( According to the latest research , one out of three Americans is obese . ) And because exercise helps to strengthen muscles and bones , it can even decrease your risk of developing diseases such as osteoporosis and arthritis . Some of the most interesting and overwhelming evidence supporting the need to be physically active is from the research being conducted at the Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research in Dallas , Texas . Dr . Kenneth Cooper , known as the " father of aerobics , " founded the Cooper Clinic in the early 1970s to investigate the effects of physical activity and fitness on health and longevity and to help people develop healthy lifestyles . In July 1996 , research from the Cooper Institute showed that participating in moderate to high levels of physical activity reduced the risk of dying from any given cause . This held true regardless of other risk factors . In other words , even if an individual suffers from high blood pressure or obesity , the chances of dying are lessened by maintaining at least a moderate level of fitness . This is remarkably good news , especially for individuals who have hereditary risk factors such as a family history of heart disease . In 2007 , Circulation , the journal of the American Heart Association , published an updated report on physical activity and public health . In order to make a recommendation on the amount of exercise necessary to benefit America ' s health , an expert panel of scientists , including physicians , epidemiologists , exercise scientists , and public - health specialists reviewed research on physical activity and the impact of exercise on health . Their conclusion was the same as the plea issued by the Surgeon General : " Every U.S. adult should accumulate 30 minutes or more of moderate - intensity physical activity on most , or preferably all , days of the week . " The researchers determined that intermittent as well as sustained activity can be beneficial . In other words , on days when you ca n ' t fit in a 30 - minute walk , you can still garner fitness benefits by taking two or more shorter walks squeezed in throughout the day . This may seem somewhat Exercising for a sustained period of time is still the best way we know to make improvements in your cardiorespiratory fitness . But for many , exercising for long periods of time can be intimidating . And most of us experience days when unforeseen events throw off our schedules and prevent us from having a solid block of time for exercise . Significant health benefits can be realized by simply ceasing to sit and starting to move . The risk of developing heart disease , high blood pressure , non - insulin - dependent diabetes , and colon and breast cancers can be reduced just by becoming more physically active . In the next section , learn more about the link between walking and heart disease . 1 2 7 NEXT | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/diet-fitness/information/question565.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Wellness Diet & Fitness Fitness Information What are electrolytes ? Up Next Electrolyte is a " medical / scientific " term for salts , specifically ions . The term electrolyte means that this ion is electrically - charged and moves to either a negative ( cathode ) or positive ( anode ) electrode ions that move to the cathode ( cations ) are positively charged ions that move to the anode ( anions ) are negatively charged For example , your body fluids - - blood , plasma , interstitial fluid ( fluid between cells ) - - are like seawater and have a high concentration of sodium chloride ( table salt , or NaCl ) . The electrolytes in sodium chloride are : sodium ion ( Na + ) - cation chloride ion ( Cl ) - anion As for your body , the major electrolytes are as follows : sodium ( Na + potassium ( K chloride ( Cl calcium ( Ca 2 + magnesium ( Mg 2 + bicarbonate ( HCO 3 phosphate ( PO 4 2 - sulfate ( SO 4 2 - Electrolytes are important because they are what your cells ( especially nerve , heart , muscle ) use to maintain voltages across their cell membranes and to carry electrical impulses ( nerve impulses , muscle contractions ) across themselves and to other cells . Your kidneys work to keep the electrolyte concentrations in your blood constant despite changes in your body . For example , when you exercise heavily , you lose electrolytes in your sweat , particularly sodium and potassium . These electrolytes must be replaced to keep the electrolyte concentrations of your body fluids constant . So , many sports drinks have sodium chloride or potassium chloride added to them . They also have sugar and flavorings to provide your body with extra energy and to make the drink taste better . Another example where electrolyte drinks are important is when infants / children have chronic vomiting or diarrhea , perhaps due to intestinal flu viruses . When children vomit or have diarrhea , they lose electrolytes . Again , these electrolytes and the fluids must be replaced to prevent dehydration and seizures . Therefore , drinks such as Pedialyte have sodium and potassium in them like the sports drinks do . However , pediatricians do not recommend giving sports drinks to a sick child ! Sports drinks have much higher sugar concentrations than Pedialyte and the high sugar is not a proper treatment . Recent HowStuffWorks Articles How Sweat Works How Your Kidneys Work How Blood Works How Exercise Works How Cells Work How Your Heart Works How Viruses Work More Great Links How to review your blood test results Fluid and Electrolyte Management Muscle Cramps | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/food-nutrition/facts/health-benefits-of-eggs.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Wellness Food & Nutrition Food & Nutrition Facts Health Benefits of Eggs by the editors of PureHealthMD Up Next The poor , misunderstood “ incredible , edible egg ” . Over the years , this nutrition powerhouse has acquired a bruised reputation from reports they contribute to raised cholesterol . Like other pieces of information associated with cholesterol , avoiding eggs is off the mark . Eggs stand alone in beneficial elements . Eggs are a great source of protein . Numerous vitamins , including vitamin A , potassium and many B vitamins like folic acid , choline and biotin , are also packed into this oval - shaped staple [ Source : USDA ] . In fact , very few foods share the same diverse nutrient makeup available in a single egg . Many of these are specifically needed for the health of the nerves and the brain . Through the years , all fats have become public enemies , often blamed for an increased risk of heart disease . Eggs fell out of favor and people gravitated toward egg whites as a substitute . In truth , the yolk is where many of the vitamins and nutrients are found . The topic of cholesterol has become very confusing . Dietary advice on the subject is often so far off that consumers actually hurt their health by trying to avoid cholesterol . The body needs to achieve a balance when it comes to cholesterol consumption . Fat from healthy sources is vital to the body , while fat from poor choices , such as margarine or foods fried in vegetable oil , are very dangerous . Eggs remain a beneficial source of healthy fat . Many nutrients , such as vitamin A , are better absorbed with fat , making eggs Kritchevsky Djousse ] . Diabetics may be one of the only groups that should avoid averaging more than one egg a day , as they might show some increases in cholesterol with higher egg consumption . But even in diabetics , eggs can be very helpful . Much of the standard breakfast for Americans is laden with sugar . Waffles , pancakes , pastries , gourmet coffees and most breakfast cereals offer little or no nutritional value and are often loaded with sugar . These foods are poor choices for diabetics , and the rest of us . For most individuals , eggs are But every egg is not created equal . It ' s best to buy any source of protein from an environment that is as natural as possible , meaning the animal was able to feed on foods that its body could tolerate , in conditions that were not overly stressful . For egg - producing chickens , this environment is often called “ cage - free ” or “ free - range . ” This means the chicken was allowed to roam , picking what it wanted to eat . Research has shown that cage - free hens have produced Pappas ] . Chickens packaged tightly in cages undergo stress , lowering their immune systems and raising their likelihood of infection . Frequent infections are a common problem for animals raised in cramped quarters . Many times , chickens are given regular antibiotics to help keep down infection rates . These antibiotics may lead to stronger , more resistant bacteria in the feces of the chicken and even in that of the farmer who raises them . This presents two big potential problems for the consumer : 1 ) antibiotics like sulfa in the chicken that could aggravate drug allergies , Messens ] . When purchasing eggs , choose those that were grown in a free - range or cage - free environment , or better yet , purchase eggs directly from a farmer who focuses on growing eggs in a healthy environment . Eggs that say " organic " or " omega - 3 " have the right idea , but will still not be as good as cage - free . Like nearly all foods , eggs lose some nutritional value when cooked [ Source : Ramalho ] . Regular egg eaters should choose not to scramble their eggs every time . When the yolk of the egg is broken ( when the eggs are scrambled ) and exposed to high heat , the proteins and fat of the eggs are damaged . In this case , the fat does become unhealthy . Eating scrambled eggs occasionally is not a major problem , just do n ' t make it your routine . Related Articles Benefits of Omega - 3 Kids and Nutrition Smart Food Shopping Top 10 Foods for Women Sources 1989 Supplement - Agriculture Handbook No . 8 , Human Nutrition Information Service , USDA . From the American Egg Board Web site . Kritchevsky , SB . , Kritchevsky , D . ( 2000 ) . Egg consumption and coronary heart disease : an epidemiologic overview . J Am Coll Nutr , ( 5 Suppl ) : 5492 - 555S . Djousse , L . , Gaziano , JM . Egg Consumption in Relation to Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality : The Physicians ' Health Study . 964 - 969 . Pappas , AC . , Karadas , F . , Surai , PF . , et al . ( 2006 ) . Interspecies variation in yolk selenium concentrations among eggs of free - living birds : The effect of phylogeny . J Trace Elem Med Biol , 20 ( 3 ) : 155 - 60 . Epub 2006 Jun 16 . Ramalho , HM . ( 2006 ) . Effect of thermal processing on retinol levels of free - range and caged hen eggs . Int J Food Sci Nutr , 57 ( 3 - 4 ) : 244 - 8 . Messens , W . , Griispeerdt , K . , De Reu , K . , et al . ( 2007 ) . Eggshell penetration of various types of hens ’ eggs by Salmonell enterica serovar Enteritidis . J Fod Prot , 70 ( 3 ) : 623 - 8 . | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/food-nutrition/vitamin-supplements/how-much-vitamin-d-from-sun.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Wellness Food & Nutrition Vitamin & Supplement Facts How much vitamin D do you get from the sun ? by Maria Trimarchi NEXT Are you only eating egg whites ? Reconsider . Egg yolks are an excellent dietary source of vitamin D . © iStockphoto . com / Valentyn Volkov Vitamin D - - specifically the form D3 - - is the only vitamin your body makes itself . It ' s fat - soluble , which means your body stores vitamin D in its adipose tissue - - in its fat . And , if you want to be specific about things , this vitamin is actually a hormone Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium , increase bone density and reduces the risk of soft , weak bones , as well as bone fractures . It also helps with the body ' s bone development and muscle function , helps keep the immune system healthy , and helps keep insulin , calcium and phosphorus levels in balance . And emerging research is finding promising associations between our vitamin D consumption and decreased our risk of developing a variety of conditions including autoimmune diseases , cardiovascular disease , chronic inflammation , certain cancers and diabetes While vitamin D is all of these things , it might best be known as the sunshine vitamin . How much sunshine your body needs to boost vitamin D levels and how best to get it is up for debate . Since 2010 , the recommended daily allowance ( RDA ) of vitamin D falls between 600 and 800 International Unit ( IU ) per day ( based on age ) , but new research suggests adults may actually need at least 2,000 IU of vitamin D every day to maintain a healthy level in the body and reap the most benefits [ source : MayoClinic Holick ] . There are two ways we get our D other than exposure to sunlight : diet and supplements . In your diet , you can get a natural form of vitamin D3 from foods such as egg yolks ( one yolk has 20 IU of vitamin D ) and fatty fish ( you ' ll get 400 IU of vitamin D from 5 ounces of salmon ) . Alternatively , look for cereals , juices and other D - fortified foods to supplement your D intake . Milk , for example , is fortified with 100 IU per cup . Realistically , though , not many of us can count on getting all our vitamin D needs from diet alone . Enter supplements . But the most efficient way to ensure your body gets the right amount ? Let it make the D itself . 1 2 3 NEXT | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/men/sweating-odor/men-smell-different-from-women.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Wellness Men ' s Health Sweating and Odor Why do men smell different from women ? by Maria Trimarchi Up Next Can you sniff out your mate ? Men and women ' s smells help us make genetically compatible love matches . See more men ' s health pictures Hemera / Thinkstock Soaps , perfumes , lotions and even what we eat can make us each smell unique , but when it comes to our natural scent , there ' s something more than toiletries and garlic that makes men and women smell different from each other . It ' s in our genes , a biological predisposition , although the last time you washed your jeans is sure to contribute a little , too . Let ' s look at two current theories to understand how our genes help determine how gender influences our smell . First , we smell because we sweat . It ' s not the sweat that smells ; the bacteria on our skin that breaks down our sweat causes body odor . In a recent study , researchers in Switzerland found that samples taken from female armpits had different , higher , levels of a sulfur - containing compound than levels found in the sweat samples taken from male armpits : 5 milligrams in female sweat compared to 0.5 milligrams in male sweat [ source : Troccaz ] . The makeup of male and female sweat differs in the concentration of sulfur , and the more sulfur we have in our sweat , the stronger our body odor can be . But at least we are n ' t walking around smelling like rotten eggs . This study also found that women ' s body odor smells similar to onions or grapefruit while men smell more like stinky cheese . In addition to the sulfur content of our sweat , other studies show that women are attracted to men who are the most unlike them genetically , and they get that information through the way men smell . No noses in cheese - smelling armpits here - - participants in such studies are typically asked to forgo their normal hygiene practices - - no antiperspirants / deodorants , and all other products were unscented - - for a few days before researchers evaluate their sweat samples for odor . Participants usually wear cotton sweat pads in their armpits or sleep A group of about 100 genes known as the major histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) is responsible for controlling our immune system . These genes help our body recognize itself versus things that are foreign to it . They recognize infectious diseases such as HIV and are behind tissue rejection in transplant recipients . They also seem to play a role in how we choose our mates . Both men and women who participated in these body odor studies preferred the scents from the opposite sex who had MHC genes that are most dissimilar from their own - - and this was most true for women who were ovulating [ source : Wedekind ] . Why is this important ? It could indicate that humans are able to sniff out mates who will produce the fittest offspring . It also may indicate that we are able to smell relatives , avoiding inbreeding ( which produces genetically inferior offspring ) . So , in addition to men and women having different concentrations of sulfur in their sweat , men also smell different from women because the smell of each gender ' s sweat plays a role in mate selection . This different smell is how our noses recognize the opposite sex , and more importantly , those members of the opposite sex with whom we can produce genetically strong children . Check out the next page for lots more information about men and women ' s smells . Related Articles Does diet affect body odor ? How Smell Works Sources Henderson , Mark . " The Pill may put you off smell of your man and ruin your relationship . " The Times . Aug . 13 , 2008 . ( Sept . 10 , 2010 ) http : / / www . timesonline . co . uk / tol / life_and_style / health / article4516566 . ece Thornhill , Randy et al . " Major histocompatibility complex genes , symmetry , and body scent attractiveness in men and women . " Behavioral Ecology . Sept . 5 , 2003 . ( Sept . 10 , 2010 ) http : / / beheco . oxfordjournals . org / content / 14 / 5 / 668 . full Troccaz , Myriam et al . " Gender - Specific Differences between the Concentrations of Nonvolatile ( R ) / ( S ) - 3 - Methyl - 3 - Sulfanylhexan - 1 - Ol and ( R ) / ( S ) - 3 - Hydroxy - 3 - Methyl - Hexanoic Acid Odor Precursors in Axillary Secretions . " Chemical Senses . March 3 , 2009 . ( Sept . 10 , 2010 ) http : / / chemse . oxfordjournals . org / content / 34 / 3 / 203 . full Wedekind , Claus and Dustin Penn . " MHC genes , body odours , and odour preferences . " Nephrology Dialysis Transplant . Sept 9 , 2000 . ( Sept . 10 , 2010 ) http : / / ndt . oxfordjournals . org / content / 15 / 9 / 1269 . full | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/natural-medicine/home-remedies/home-remedies-for-diabetes2.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Wellness Natural Medicine Home Remedies 32 Home Remedies for Diabetes by Editors of Consumer Guide Natural Home Remedies for Diabetes Prev NEXT © 2007 Publications International , Ltd . According to recent studies , olive oil may reduce blood sugar levels . Diabetes is a complex disease , affecting many parts of the body . Some of the problems of the disease can be relieved with simple things right from the kitchen , though . And for a person with diabetes , a little relief never hurts . Home Remedies From the Cupboard Olive oil . Studies indicate this may reduce blood - sugar levels . Use it in salad dressing or wherever cooking oils are indicated . For an inexpensive and easy no - stick olive oil spray - on coating , buy an oil mister in any department store kitchen supply area and use it to spray your pans before cooking . Remember : As with all oils , olive oil is high in calories , and being overweight places you at risk for diabetes . Limiting the amount of olive oil by using the oil mister is a good way to control the Peanut butter . After you ' ve experienced an episode of low blood sugar and corrected it , follow up with a protein and carbohydrate snack . Peanut butter on a couple of crackers supplies both , and it ' s easy to fix when you may still feel a little jittery . Just avoid brands that contain added sugar , glucose , or jelly . Plastic container . If you ' re on insulin , keep your extra vials in the refrigerator . Designate a spot where your insulin bottle wo n ' t freeze , yet is away from the food . Then keep the vial in a plastic container , preferably one that shields it from light , in that spot to keep it from rolling around or getting knocked aside or misplaced . If the insulin bottle is frosted or the insulin clumps , do not use it . Consult your pharmacist and the package insert for information about proper storage . Salt . Dry , itchy skin is a side effect of diabetes , and soaking in a tub of salt water can be a great itchy skin reliever . Just add 1 cup table salt or sea salt to your bathwater . This solution will also soften skin and relax you . To exfoliate , after you take a shower or bath and while your skin is still wet , sprinkle salt onto your hands and rub it all over your skin . This salt massage will remove dry skin and make your skin smoother to the touch . It will also Salt shaker . Set it aside , put it back in the cupboard , hide it . High blood pressure is a side effect of diabetes , and that salt ' s a no - no . So do n ' t cook with it , and do n ' t make it handy to grab when you eat a meal or snack . If it ' s out of sight , or inconvenient to get , you might just skip it . Instead , reach for a nice herb or spice blend that ' s sodium free . Make one yourself with Sugar . Yes , even people with diabetes need it occasionally , when their blood sugar goes too low . A spoonful of straight sugar will work , as will a piece of hard candy . Just be sure it ' s not sugarless . And only use it when necessary - - your doctor can help you know when that would be . Vinegar . Muscle cramps , especially in the legs , can affect people with diabetes . For relief from the ache , add 8 ounces apple cider vinegar to a bathtub of warm water . Soak for at least 15 minutes . Home Remedies from the Drawer Fork . This is how you should apply salad dressing and sauces to limit your intake of sugar , as well as fat and cholesterol . Instead of dumping the dressing or sauce all over your food , have it served " on the side " and dip your fork into it , then pick up your food . You ' ll get the flavor without all the extra goop . Notebook . Use this to keep track of glucose readings , medication schedules , and symptoms . Home Remedies from the Refrigerator Asparagus . This vegetable is a mild diuretic that ' s said to be beneficial in the control of diabetes . Eat it steamed and drizzled with olive oil and lemon juice . Lemon . A tasty substitute for salt . It ' s great squeezed into a diet cola , too . It cuts the aftertaste . Parsley . Steep into a tea and drink . This may act as a diuretic as well as lower blood sugar . Watercress . This is said to strengthen the natural defense systems of people who have diabetes . It ' s also a mild diuretic . Wash the leaves thoroughly , and add them to a salad . Or smear a little cream cheese on a slice of bread , then top with watercress for a delicious open - faced sandwich . Home Remedies from Your Dietary Strategy Knowing which food to eat is helpful , but knowing how much and when to eat them is essential . Following are important strategies to employ when using foods as home remedies to combat diabetes : Know your carbohydrates . The traditional dogma for people with diabetes was this : Avoid simple carbohydrates , or simple sugars ( such as table sugar ) , because they raise blood glucose quickly , and choose complex carbohydrates ( such as the starches and fiber found in grains , potatoes , beans , and peas ) , because they raise blood sugar more slowly . But researchers have discovered that this is not quite the case . Simple sugars and the digestible complex carbohydrates known as starches raise blood glucose levels at about the same rate ( although fiber is classified as a What is more important is how the food is cooked and what those carbohydrates are eaten with . Fat , for example , slows digestion of carbohydrates and slows the release of glucose into the blood . This new dogma has given way to newer rules , which really are n ' t rules at all in the strictest sense . Complex carbohydrates that have n ' t been highly refined or processed are still better dietary choices because of the valuable nutrients they provide ( refining and processing often removes nutrients and fiber ) , but evidence suggests that sucrose ( table sugar ) may not need to be " off - limits " for people with type 2 diabetes . As long as you account for the carbohydrates and calories from the sugar and do n ' t go overboard , an occasional sweet treat can fit just fine in a healthy diabetic meal plan . Get fond of fiber . One of the reasons that unrefined complex carbohydrates , such as whole - grain breads and beans , are so beneficial is that they are high in fiber . Fiber actually slows the rise in blood glucose after a meal . Graze . Many experts believe that people with type 2 may more easily achieve normal blood sugar levels by not overloading with too much food at one time . Try eating three smaller meals plus two snacks each day , without increasing your total calorie intake , to see if it helps improve your control . Now that you understand the ways you can affect your diabetes by controlling your diet at home , go to the next page to learn home remedies for keeping diabetic ' s feet and legs healthy . For more information about diabetes and how to control the digestive disorders associated with this condition , try the following links : To see all of our home remedies and the conditions they treat , go to our main Home Remedies page . Bilberry , which can be used in pies , is also very effective in regulating blood sugar and managing diabetes . Learn more in Herbal Remedies for Diabetes Find out how to manage your diabetes care and get the best results possible . When you read this straight - forward article , you ' ll understand how diabetes works . Read about how to adjust to life with diabetes , and get great ideas for lifestyle changes . Discover ways that you can control diabetes with exercise This information is solely for informational purposes . IT IS NOT INTENDED TO PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE . Neither the Editors of Consumer Guide ( R ) , Publications International , Ltd . , the author nor publisher take responsibility for any possible consequences from any treatment , procedure , exercise , dietary modification , action or application of medication which results from reading or following the information contained in this information . The publication of this information does not constitute the practice of medicine , and this information does not replace the advice of your physician or other health care 1 2 3 4 5 NEXT | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/natural-medicine/home-remedies/home-remedies-for-dry-hair.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Wellness Natural Medicine Home Remedies 10 Home Remedies for Dry Hair by Editors of Consumer Guide NEXT Start the Countdown Learn several effective home remedies for dry hair , everything from ways to wash and dry to spa treatments using items from your refrigerator . See more pictures of personal hygiene Publications International , Ltd . Oily hair is a drag , but dry hair is no picnic , either . Dry hair is dull hair , and it looks the same after you wash it as it did before . Everyone has bad hair days , but with dry hair you may have those days more often than not . Along with dry hair , you may also have a dandruff problem . Although it ' s more often a condition associated with oily hair , people with dry hair get dandruff , too . Common dandruff is simply a layer of skin shedding from your scalp . When the skin cells get trapped on your scalp by your hair and clump together , you have dandruff . And dandruff can make your hair look dull . Dry hair can result from external factors , such as exposure to harsh chemicals , or from internal causes , such as an illness . These are the primary external factors for those lackluster locks : Harsh shampoo Shampooing too often Hair dye Hair perms Chlorine in swimming pools and hot tubs Overuse of the blow dryer or curling iron Too much exposure to sun and wind High mineral content in local water supplies External factors are easy to remedy . You just need to be careful about how you treat your hair , cutting back on activities that cause it to become dry . Switch products . Wear a cap when swimming . Cover your head when you ' re outside in the sun for prolonged periods . And use the kitchen cures in this profile . Internal factors , though , do n ' t have quite such a quick fix . Internal factors that cause dry hair include : Cancer treatment Certain medications Nutritional deficiency Prolonged illness Before you start to panic , go to the next page and read all the simple home remedies for dry hair . Chances are you ' ll find something that will put the luster back in your locks . More on Hair Care : 5 Tips for Maintaining a Healthy Scalp How Often Should You Wash Your Hair ? The Ultimate Hair Quiz This information is solely for informational purposes . IT IS NOT INTENDED TO PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE . Neither the Editors of Consumer Guide ( R ) , Publications International , Ltd . , the author nor publisher take responsibility for any possible consequences from any treatment , procedure , exercise , dietary modification , action or application of medication which results from reading or following the information contained in this information . The publication of this information does not constitute the practice of medicine , and this information does not replace the advice of your physician or other health care NEXT | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/natural-medicine/home-remedies/home-remedies-for-earaches-ga.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Wellness Natural Medicine Home Remedies Home Remedies for Earaches Up Next © 2006 Publications International , Ltd . A change in air pressure , like when a plane takes off , is a common cause of earaches . Most people do n ' t think about their earaches much , but , when one develops , the affected ear can feel as if it has taken on monster proportions . For all the unspeakable pain caused by earaches , they are rarely life threatening . Still , they can be serious , especially if they are caused by infection . That ' s why it ' s best to diagnose and treat your earaches as soon as possible . On this page , you will fill some simple but effective home remedies for identifying and treating your earaches Signs of an Earache Signs of an earache or ear infection include ear pain and hearing loss . In a young child , clues that an ear infection may be present include rubbing or tugging at the ear , excessive crying or fussiness , fever , nausea , and vomiting . Since an untreated ear infection can lead to permanent hearing loss , and since ear pain can sometimes reflect a problem in another part of the body , it is important to have an earache checked out by a doctor . Other than infection , the most common cause of earache is a blocked eustachian tube . The eustachian tube is a thin , membrane - lined tube that connects the inside back portion of the nose with the middle ear . Normally , when you swallow , the eustachian tube opens so that the air pressure in the middle ear is equalized with the air pressure in the atmosphere . Sometimes , however , the eustachian tube can become blocked , usually as a result of a cold , a sinus or throat infection , or an allergy . When This type of earache is especially common in people who travel by air . As the plane takes off , the air pressure in the plane ' s cabin decreases , and as the plane lands , the air pressure in the cabin increases ; in each instance , the pressure change occurs very rapidly . While normally the air in the eustachian tube manages to equalize on its own , if there is congestion in the upper respiratory tract - - such as a stuffy nose caused by allergies or a cold - - the tubes may not behave Home Remedies for Earaches An earache can be a real pain in the neck , jaw , and , of course , ear . Fortunately , there are some home remedies you can try to ward off ear pain that results from the ups and downs of air travel : Swallow hard . When you swallow , you activate the muscle that opens the eustachian tube . On an airplane , when the pilot announces that it ' s time to fasten your seat belts for landing , get your mouth set to swallow . Frequent swallowing can also bring some temporary relief from earache pain until you can get to the doctor . Keep your mouth moving . You swallow more often when you chew gum or suck on a hard candy , so pop some into your mouth just before the plane descends . Do n ' t stifle a yawn . Yawning is an excellent way to keep the eustachian tube open . Stay awake . If you ' re sleeping , you ' re not going to be swallowing , so ask your seatmate or a flight attendant to wake you before descent . Hold your nose . If your ears still become uncomfortably blocked as the plane descends , the American Academy of Otolaryngology , Head and Neck Surgery suggests that you try this : With the thumb and forefinger of one hand , pinch your nostrils tightly closed , and use the forefinger of your other hand to press closed the external opening of the unaffected ear . Now , with your mouth closed , try to blow out through the pinched nostrils , blowing as forcefully as you would blow your nose . Repeat if necessary . You should experience a cracking sensation or a Reach for relief . Frequent flyers should tuck away a decongestant pill or nasal spray to use an hour or so before landing . This shrinks the nasal membranes , making it easier to keep the eustachian tube open . Over - the - counter medications like these are not for everyone , however . People with heart disease , high blood pressure , irregular heart rhythms , or thyroid disease should avoid them . Pregnant women and individuals subject to anxiety should stay away from them , too . If you suffer from allergies or sinusitis , however , you can reduce the Take the train . If , despite all your best efforts , you still end up with an uncomfortable stuffed feeling and pain following air travel , you might consider traveling by land rather than air . Home Remedies for Children ' s Earaches © 2006 Publications International , Ltd . An ear infection can be much harder to detect in an infant than in an adult . Kids get more ear infections than any other ailment except the common cold . In fact , according to the American Academy of Pediatrics ( AAP ) , most children have at least one ear infection by the time they are three years old . The following symptoms may suggest that your child has an earache , according to the AAP : Pain . In a younger child , pain can cause irritability , crying , and overall fussiness . Loss of appetite Trouble sleeping Fever ranging from 100 to 104 degrees Fahrenheit Ear drainage . Look for foul - smelling yellow or white fluid , sometimes tinged with blood . Difficulty hearing Whether you ' re young or old , an earache is no fun . Though your earache will most likely clear up and in a few days , the pain and pressure can make those few days feel like a lifetime . Now that you know what exactly an earache is and how to identify one , you should not hesitate to use our home remedies for earaches to soothe the discomfort . If you found the information in this article helpful , you should also check out the following links : You can learn all about ear disorders and proper ear care in How to Care for Your Eyes Earaches are usually the product of an infection and are rarely serious . Learn how to make some herbal treatments to fight this problem in Herbal Remedies for Earaches If your child is plagued with ear infections , try reading our How to Prevent Middle Ear Infections If you find yourself getting an ear infection after you visit the pool , read How to Prevent Swimmer ' s Ear ABOUT THE AUTHOR : Ivan Oransky , M.D. , is the deputy editor of The Scientist . He is author or co - author of four books , including The Common Symptom Answer Guide ( McGraw - Hill , 2004 ) , and has written for publications including the Boston Globe , The Lancet , and USA Today . He holds appointments as a clinical assistant professor of medicine and as adjunct professor of journalism at New York University . ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS : Alice Lesch Kelly is a health writer based in Boston . Her work has been published in magazines such as Shape , Fit Pregnancy , Woman ' s Day , Reader ' s Digest , Eating Well , and Health . She is the co - author of three books on women ' s health . This information is solely for informational purposes . IT IS NOT INTENDED TO PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE . Neither the Editors of Consumer Guide ( R ) , Publications International , Ltd . , the author nor publisher take responsibility for any possible consequences from any treatment , Perforated Eardrums and What Is Referred Ear Pain ? Sometimes , diseases and disorders in other parts of the head and neck can sound an alarm in the ear . This is called referred pain , because it originates elsewhere in the body but is felt in the ear . That ' s one reason why it ' s important to have ear pain evaluated by a doctor . To otolaryngologists ( doctors who specialize in ear , nose , and throat disorders ) , the most common culprits in referred ear pain are the " five Ts " : tongue , teeth , tonsils , throat , and If you feel a sudden , sharp pain in your ear following a trauma such as an explosion or a scuba - diving accident , you may have a perforated eardrum . While the pain may occur only at the time of the accident , the injury itself needs evaluation by a specialist to head off permanent disruption of the middle - ear mechanism . Most injury - related eardrum perforations are small and will heal spontaneously within a few weeks , provided middle - ear infections are prevented or controlled ( which is why you still need to see a doctor ) . Large perforations may require surgery . | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/natural-medicine/home-remedies/home-remedies-for-kidney-stones1.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Wellness Natural Medicine Home Remedies 18 Home Remedies for Kidney Stones by Editors of Consumer Guide Home Remedy Treatments for Kidney Stones Prev NEXT Regular exercise can lower your risk of developing kidney stones . Publications International , Ltd . If you have been through a bout with a kidney stone in the past or think you might be a candidate for developing one , you should do your best to beat the odds by trying the home remedies listed below . Drink more than your fill . Increasing your fluid intake should be your first step ( and may be the only step needed ) toward staying free of kidney stones . Six to eight 8 - ounce glasses is the minimum amount you should drink every day . While water is always a good choice , other caffeine - free and nonalcoholic beverages count ( although your doctor may caution you about drinking too much decaffeinated tea if you produce a high concentration of oxalates in your urine ) . Check it out . Sometimes , it ' s not easy to keep track of how much fluid you ' ve taken in during the course of the day . That ' s why measuring your urine output may provide a better indication of your fluid intake . ( Pharmacies generally carry measuring devices that fit right inside the toilet bowl . ) During a typical day , your body should produce 40 to 45 ounces of urine . Go easy on oxalates . Eating large quantities of fruits and vegetables provides you with lots of vitamins , minerals , and other beneficial nutrients ; however , some of these foods also provide oxalates , which you may need to go easy on if you have a tendency toward kidney - stone formation . People prone to forming calcium - oxalate stones may be asked by their doctor to cut back on the following foods if their urine contains an excess of oxalate : Beets , chocolate , coffee , cola , nuts , parsley , peanuts , rhubarb , spinach , strawberries , tea , and wheat bran . But do n ' t completely avoid these foods without first talking to your doctor . In most cases , these foods can be eaten in limited amounts . " C " less . Although some regard it as a wonder vitamin , in very high doses - - more than 3,000 milligrams daily - - vitamin C can be a potential problem for those who tend to form kidney stones . That ' s because the body converts this vitamin to oxalate . If you have had a kidney stone , your safest bet is to get your vitamin C from foods , not high - dose supplements . ( Vitamin C is essential - - the Recommended Dietary Allowance for men is 90 mg a day and for women , 75 mg Eat less meat and certain fish . Individuals who form uric - acid stones are usually found to eat diets high in animal protein . Animal protein can accelerate formation of uric acid and calcium in the urine , which may , in turn , cause stones to form . So try to moderate your meat intake . Uric acid also forms when purines in protein foods are broken down . If you suffer from uric - acid stones , you also may need to cut back on protein , particularly foods high in purine . Some of these foods include anchovies , fish roe , herring , mackerel , mussels , sardines , and shrimp . Other foods high in purine to watch out for include beer , brains , heart , kidney , liver , sweetbreads , and wine . Of course , high - protein fad diets should also be avoided . One of the many benefits of regular exercise is that it facilitates the passage of calcium out of the bloodstream and into the bones . The result : stronger bones and less risk of stone formation . If you need one more reason to lace up those walking shoes , recalling the anguish of a kidney stone may be a great motivator . Do n ' t oversoothe your tummy . Some over - the - counter antacids are calcium based ( indeed , some people use them primarily as calcium supplements ) . Check the label , and if the word " calcium " appears there , you may need to select another type of stomach medication ( again , confirm this with your doctor ) . Home remedies from your kitchen can also prevent kidney stones from inflicting their pain on you . Learn about these remedies in the next section . For more information about treating disorders of the kidney and gallbladder , try the following links : To see all of our home remedies and the conditions they treat , go to our main Home Remedies page . To learn more about how kidneys function , read How Your Kidneys Work For practical measure you can take to cope with gallbladder maladies , read Home Remedies for Gallbladder Problems This information is solely for informational purposes . IT IS NOT INTENDED TO PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE . Neither the Editors of Consumer Guide ( R ) , Publications International , Ltd . , the author nor publisher take responsibility for any possible consequences from any treatment , procedure , exercise , dietary modification , action or application of medication which results from reading or following the information contained in this information . The publication of this information does not constitute the practice of medicine , and this information does not replace the advice of your physician or other health care 1 2 3 NEXT | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/oral-care/problems/dental-disease4.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Wellness Beauty & Hygiene Oral Care Dental Problems Dental Disease Overview by the American Institute for Preventive Medicine Prev Up Next © 2007 Publications International , Ltd . TMJ and the related disorder MPD can cause pain in the joints and ligaments of the jaw . Stress affects the body in many ways . It has been linked to depression , high blood cholesterol levels , high blood pressure , and a number of other ills . What you may not be aware of , however , is that excessive stress can damage your teeth and jaws . Two stress - related disorders that affect the mouth are temporomandibular joint syndrome ( TMJ ) and myofacial pain dysfunction ( MPD ) . Although not technically diseases , these two disorders can be very unpleasant . TMJ causes pain in the joints and ligaments of the jaw . MPD is a similar affliction , although the term may refer to stress - related pain in any part of the face ( not just the jaw ) . Both are ( for unknown reasons ) most likely to affect women in their 20s and 30s but can affect both sexes The following may be signs of TMJ or MPD : A clicking , cracking , or popping sensation when you open your mouth to yawn or laugh An inability to open your mouth wide Tension or tenderness in your cheek muscles ( especially first thing in the morning ) If you experience any of these symptoms on a regular basis , you should consult your doctor , as well as your dentist . One of the following therapies may be recommended : Relaxation exercises ( Since TMJ and MPD are related to tension , deliberate attempts at relaxation may help alleviate them . ) Gentle massage to ease the pain and help relax the affected muscles A custom polyurethane mouth guard made from an impression of your teeth ( One of the prime causes of TMJ and MPD is nighttime teeth grinding or jaw clenching . A mouth guard worn over your lower set of teeth can prevent them from grinding against the uppers . It also provides a cushioning effect , which may ease the stress on your tired jaw muscles and ligaments . ) Avoiding excessive trauma to the painful areas ( Stay away from hard and crunchy foods , try not to open your mouth too wide , and - - if possible - - postpone any unrelated dental surgery . ) Be sure to take care of your teeth to avoid painful and pontentially damaging tooth disorders . Good oral hygiene is your best defense against dental diseases - - and remember to keep an eye on your stress levels , too . Your teeth need lots of care and attention to ensure life - long good oral health . Visit the links below for more information about protecting and caring for your teeth . Good oral hygine is important for oral health as well as overall health . In How Oral Hygiene Works , learn how to best take care of your pearly whites . Do you wish your teeth had just a bit more sparkle to them ? How Tooth Whitening Works takes a look at procedures you can undergo to brighten and whiten your teeth . When you have an ache in your teeth , getting rid of it is the only thought in your head . In How to Relieve a Tooth Ache , find out how to deal with dental distress . ABOUT THE AUTHORS : The American Institute for Preventive Medicine , located in Farmington Hills , Michigan , is dedicated to helping people change to a healthier lifestyle through successful wellness programs , products , and publications . It works with over 5,000 hospitals , HMOs , corporations , and government agencies throughout North America . The Institute has been honored and recognized by the Department of Health and Human Services and the President ' s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports for its innovative health programs . ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS Don R . Powell , Ph . D . , is the founder and president of the American Institute for Preventive Medicine . He is a licensed psychologist who earned his Ph . D . from the University of Michigan and taught in the University ' s psychology department . He is an authority on the design , marketing , and implementation of community and corporate health education programs . Dr . Powell has won numerous awards for his work in the field of health promotion and has appeared on hundreds of television and radio talk shows . Abe Gershonowicz , D.D.S . , has been practicing general dentistry for 20 years in Sterling Heights , Michigan . Brianna Politzer is a freelance writer specializing in health , fitness , nutrition , and technology . She has contributed to many consumer publications , including The Home Remedies Handbook , Women ' s Home Remedies Health Guide , and The Medical Book of Health Hints and Tips . This information is solely for informational purposes . IT IS NOT INTENDED TO PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE . Neither the Editors of Consumer Guide ( R ) , Publications International , Ltd . , the author nor publisher take responsibility for any possible consequences from any treatment , procedure , exercise , dietary modification , action or application of medication which results from reading or following the information contained in this information . The publication of this information does not constitute the practice of medicine , and this information does not replace the advice of your physician or other health care 1 4 5 UP NEXT | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/oral-care/procedures/flipper-teeth.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Wellness Beauty & Hygiene Oral Care Dental Procedures What are flipper teeth ? by Tom Scheve NEXT Flippers keep you from having to walk around with a visible gap in your teeth . © iStockphoto . com / sdominick Replacing a tooth that ' s been lost or pulled due to damage , decay or disease is n ' t an overnight process . When a tooth is removed , the gums and underlying bone usually need anywhere from six weeks to six months to heal before you can get a long - term fix , depending on the replacement method you choose [ source : Mayo Clinic ] . This is because tooth loss naturally causes a change in the shape of the gums and bone support structure in the jaw , which affects the fitting of permanent dentures and dental implants . This is where flipper teeth come in . Also called " flippers , " flipper teeth are lightweight , removable dentures that usually serve as a temporary tooth replacement option . Basically , they keep you from having to walk around with a visible gap in your teeth for several weeks . They also give you an improved ability to bite and chew food while you ' re waiting to get dentures or implants . Using a temporary device like a flipper can have some further - reaching beneficial effects on your oral health , too . Wearing flippers can help diminish bone loss in the initial three to four months after you lose a tooth , which is the time when bone deterioration is most drastic [ source : Goiato ] . It also prevents any shifting of teeth around a gap [ source : McKinney ] . Additionally , flipper teeth help protect the wounds on the site of lost or extracted teeth and aid in healing [ source : Goiato ] . Flipper teeth are made mostly of acrylic resin , unlike cast - metal partial dentures , which are relatively inexpensive , long - term teeth replacements with foundations made of a metal and plastic mix . Similar to a retainer , flippers stay put in your mouth with the help of two steel wire clasps that wrap around two of your natural teeth . The false teeth used in flippers are made of plastic or porcelain , much like those used in more expensive , permanent replacement methods . Many dental patients consider flipper teeth to be more comfortable and aesthetically appealing than cast partials that are made of metal , and they ' re also easier to get used to since they ' re not as rigid . Additionally , it takes less time to form and fit flippers than a cast metal partial due to the materials used . As a temporary fix , flippers are often the least expensive option for a person waiting for permanent dentures or implants . When possible , dental professionals fabricate flippers before removing your teeth , so you can put them in as soon as your natural teeth are gone . Once fitted , a flipper can easily accommodate further tooth loss through a simple alteration of the original appliance . Does the flexible functionality of flipper teeth make them a potential permanent tooth replacement solution ? Read the next page to find out . 1 2 NEXT | [
"flipper teeth"
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/preventive-care/how-to-prevent-stomach-infections2.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Wellness Preventive Care How to Prevent Stomach Infections by Michele Price Mann Preventing Dysentery Prev NEXT © 2006 Publications International , Ltd . Children between 2 and 4 are the most common victims of dysentery . Teaching children good hygiene habits can help prevent infection . Dysentery is an inflammation of the intestines that causes severe , painful diarrhea . The bacterial form of dysentery , shigellosis , is caused by Shigella bacteria ( shigellosis is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in the United States ) . Amebiasis , which is sometimes called amebic dysentery , is much less common and is caused by the one - celled Entamoeba histolytica parasite . Dysentery Infection Information Both shigellosis and amebiasis are marked by severe , sometimes bloody , diarrhea ; fever ; and stomach cramps . According to the CDC , about 18,000 cases of shigellosis are reported every year in the United States , but amebiasis usually afflicts people in developing countries . However , cases of amebiasis have occurred in the United States , usually after immigrants from developing countries transmit the parasite , travelers bring it back , or unsanitary living conditions help breed it . Poor hand washing and hygiene habits , especially among children and food handlers , help spread both forms of dysentery . Vegetables harvested in a sewage - tainted field , flies that act as carriers of bacteria , and water supplies and swimming pools can all be sources of Shigella . Unlike most bacterial causes of diarrhea , very few ( fewer than 100 ) bacteria are needed to transmit shigellosis , so it spreads easily from person to person . Besides the infection itself damaging the intestines , Shigella bacteria produce toxins that cause further damage . Shigella bacteria incubate in the body for a couple of days after exposure before symptoms appear , and they generally run their course in five to seven days ( although you can still be contagious up to two weeks later ) . E . histolytica can incubate in the body for one to four weeks , and even then , only one in ten infected people will show any sign of illness . If you do get sick , symptoms should resolve themselves on their own , but you should drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated . You may The long - term outcome of both shigellosis and amebiasis is good . In some cases , shigellosis can cause Reiter ' s syndrome , and the parasite that causes amebiasis can spread outside the intestines , particularly to the liver . Who ' s at Risk for Dysentery ? Children between the ages of 2 and 4 are the most common victims , as are their families . Anyone who works in a child - care facility or who works or lives in a long - term care facility is also at risk . Children younger than 2 who develop shigellosis may develop a high fever that can cause seizures , but this is rare . Amebiasis cases in the United States are most common to travelers who visit the developing world . Defensive Measures Against Dysentery Follow this advice to lower the risk of these diarrhea - causing invaders : Teach toddlers to lather up . Educating your little ones about how to wash their hands , and being sure they do so every time they use the restroom , will help you spend less time at the doctor ' s office . Ditch the diaper properly . If your baby has diarrhea , wrap up the soiled diaper in a plastic bag and dispose of it in a garbage can with a closed lid . After changing the diaper , be sure to wash your hands thoroughly and clean the changing area with a bleach - based household cleaner . Keep the pool clean . Teach little ones early on that the swimming pool is not a bathroom . When visiting a public pool , know where the restroom is and ask the kids often if they need to use it . Be fickle about your food . Wash your vegetables and fruits thoroughly before you eat them or cook them . Keep to yourself . If you have diarrhea , avoid contact with others . In addition , do n ' t cook food or pour water for anyone until your symptoms are gone . Go public . Letting your coworkers or fellow day - care buddies know about your symptoms may help stop an outbreak . Do n ' t hesitate to let people know about your symptoms as soon as you can so they pay extra attention to their hygiene habits . Foodborne bacteria can turn a lovely meal into your stomach ' s worst nightmare . Go to the next page to learn how to avoid food poisoning . This information is solely for informational purposes . IT IS NOT INTENDED TO PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE . Neither the Editors of Consumer Guide ( R ) , Publications International , Ltd . , the author nor publisher take responsibility for any possible consequences from any treatment , procedure , exercise , dietary modification , action or application of medication which results from reading or following the information contained in this information . Freezer Burn Those Bacteria Bacteria can survive freezing for long periods , so E . coli and friends can cause illness if you do n ' t cook food adequately either before you freeze it or after you defrost it . Some bacteria will even reproduce at low temperatures , including in foods that are defrosted at room temperature . You should always defrost food in the refrigerator or under cold running water . You can , however , kill higher organisms by freezing at the right temperature . Toxoplasmosis cysts , which cause infections in developing fetuses ( toxoplasmosis can be passed through the placenta ) or in people with damaged immune systems , can be eradicated by freezing meat for a day in a home freezer set at a high setting . And the infectious forms of trichinosis ( a roundworm infection ) are killed when pork is frozen at - 5 degrees Fahrenheit for 25 days ( in a home freezer ) or at - 22 degrees Fahrenheit for 25 hours 1 2 3 4 9 NEXT | [
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http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/preventive-care/how-to-prevent-throat-infections3.htm | HowStuffWorks Health Wellness Preventive Care How to Prevent Throat Infections by Laurie L . Dove Preventing Strep Throat Prev Up Next © 2006 Publications International , Ltd . Steer clear of strep throat by washing your hands - - often . Put out that fire in your throat by going to the doctor and getting a throat culture . If the test results show strep throat , you can usually get rid of it pretty quickly with antibiotics . Learn more about this throat infection below . Strep Throat Basics Strep throat is caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes ( group A Streptococcus ) . Although a sore throat is a telltale symptom of strep throat , not all sore throats are caused by this bacterial infection . In fact , most sore throats are the result of viruses . Other strep throat symptoms include red and white patches in the throat ; lower stomach pain ; fever ; general discomfort , uneasiness , or an ill feeling ; loss of appetite ; nausea ; difficulty swallowing ; tender or swollen lymph nodes in the neck ; red and enlarged tonsils ; headache ; and a rash that is often worse under the arms and in skin creases ( scarlet fever ) . Strep throat responds quickly to antibiotics . Although the illness is relatively common , that does n ' t mean it ca n ' t be dangerous . Untreated strep throat can lead to the serious disease rheumatic fever , although this happens only in rare cases . Who ' s at Risk for Strep Throat Anyone can get strep throat , but it is most common in children who are between the ages of 5 and 15 . Watch for strep during the school year , particularly during the winter months when large groups of children and teenagers are in close quarters . Your physician will need to diagnose strep throat using a laboratory test , such as a throat culture . Defensive Measures Against Strep Throat The most effective way to keep clear of strep throat is to wash your hands thoroughly ( or at the very least use a liquid antibacterial hand sanitizer ) and push the practice on your kids . The bacterium that causes strep throat hangs out in the nose and throat like 15 - year - olds at the mall , so when someone who is infected coughs or sneezes , that gunk can potentially be spread to everything they come in contact with . If someone in your family gets infected with strep throat , you can take some other precautions ( besides washing your hands often ) at home to keep everyone else from feeling as though their throats are on fire : Do n ' t allow the sick person to share drinks , foods , napkins , tissues , or even towels with other family members . Be sure the sick person covers his or her mouth and nose with a tissue when sneezing or coughing and then throws it away to prevent passing infectious fluid . Keep the sick person ' s eating utensils , dishes , and drinking glasses separate from everyone else ' s . Thoroughly wash eating utensils , dishes , and drinking glasses after each use ; if using the dishwasher , select the " sanitize , " " heat dry , " and / or similar options . Never share a toothbrush . Do n ' t kiss anyone with strep throat . Do n ' t let throat infections get the best of you . Whether you ' re battling cold sores , mono , or strep throat , the measures outlined in this article will help nip the infection in the bud . Also take note of the suggestions for preventing another outbreak to keep your family healthy and happy . © Publications International , Ltd . ABOUT THE AUTHOR : Laurie L . Dove is an award - winning Kansas - based journalist and author whose work has been published internationally . A dedicated consumer advocate , Dove specializes in writing about health , parenting , fitness , and travel . An active member of the National Federation of Press Women , Dove also is the former owner of a parenting magazine and a weekly newspaper . This information is solely for informational purposes . IT IS NOT INTENDED TO PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE . Neither the Editors of Consumer Guide ( R ) , Publications International , Ltd . , the author nor publisher take responsibility for any possible consequences from any treatment , procedure , exercise , dietary modification , action or application of medication which results from reading or following the information contained in this information . The publication of this information does not constitute the practice of medicine , and this information does not replace the advice of your physician or other health care 1 3 4 UP NEXT | [
"Throat Infections",
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http://health.kp.gov.pk/page/dghs_1 | Toggle navigation About Us Introduction Function Mission Vision Organogram Donors ADP 2015_16 Attached Units Health Regulatory Authority Medical Faculty Provincial Health Service Academy Directorate General of Health Services Medical Health Foundation Projects Provincial AIDS Control Programme NWFP Expanded Programme on Immunization in NWFP TB Control Programme Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Prime Minister Program for Prevention and Control of Hepatitis in NWFP and Fata Malaria Control Programme khyber Pakhtunkhwa National Maternal Newborn and Child Health Program NWFP National Programme for FP and PHC Gallery Tenders Downloads FAQs Contact Us PIO Home Department Health DGHS DGHS Decision Making Administration department is the bone of the department View details Power Attached Offices of Health Department Perk Privileges Sub Offices of Health Department | [
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http://health.mo.gov/data/interventionmica/Capacity_4.html | Categories for an intervention budget : Personnel and benefits expense : Personnel includes all individuals who will have responsibilities in the intervention . Others who may be hired to help with the project , such as consultants or contractors , are not budgeted in Personnel , rather are included in the Purchased , Consultant or Contractual Services . Fringe benefits are typically budgeted at a percent of the personnel salary , and are dependent upon the benefits paid by the employer . Things to consider : Do you have enough people to implement the intervention ? Will you need to hire additional part - time or full - time staff to help you ? What benefits will be paid and to whom ? Will your staffing needs change over the duration of your intervention from year to year ? Examples : Principal investigator , project director , project staff , paid interns – full and part - time General Office Expenses : Includes office supplies needed to support the intervention . Things to consider : What basic materials or supplies are needed to support the intervention ? You should be able to budget more for office supplies the first year of the project and less in subsequent years . Examples : Computers , software , office supplies / materials , telephones , copy machines , office furniture , postage , etc . Intervention Supplies and Materials : Intervention materials are the actual materials you will need to implement your intervention . How many participants you are anticipating ? Can you prepare the materials yourself or do you need to hire someone to prepare them for you ( e.g. , a printing company or an advertising agency ) ? Do you need to conduct research or a needs assessment before designing your materials ? Educational materials or curriculum , incentive or promotional materials , copies of pre / post surveys , brochures , posters , equipment for a physical activity intervention . Meeting and Activity Expenses : Space outside your organization ’ s office may be needed for meetings or intervention activities . Some places may charge a rental fee as well as for use of audio visual equipment , such as projectors or TVs . Food and drinks provided at the meeting may be included in this category or in Intervention Supplies , depending on the organization ’ s preference . Does your current office space accommodate everything you will need for the intervention ? Do you have room to conduct meetings with other partners or internal staff ? Do you have appropriate space to conduct your intervention activities or will you need to use other spaces ? Will any of your partners donate space for meetings or intervention activities ? Will you need to rent facilities to conduct your intervention ? Will you need to travel to your intervention ’ s participants or partners , if so where will you meet with them ? Meeting rooms , church basements , school gymnasiums , community centers , multi - purpose rooms , park pavilions , etc . Transportation / Travel Expenses : Transportation can involve providing a means for participants to travel to your intervention activities in order to increase participation or providing transportation for you and your staff to travel to other locations to conduct intervention activities . This may also include fees or stipends to attend professional meetings or perform interviews and surveys out - of - town . Do your participants have access to public or personal transportation or will you need to provide it ? Do your staff members need to travel to participants ’ homes or communities to conduct intervention activities ? Will your staff need to travel to conferences or to make presentations outside of your city ? Bus tokens or cab fare for program participants , rental vans to pick up participants , mileage reimbursement for staff members conducting intervention activities , travel stipends , air fare and per diem for out - of - town travel Purchased , Consultant or Contractual Service Expenses : These expenses are payments to individuals or companies for a specific service , usually occurring temporarily during the project , that are not completed by the regular project staff . Things to consider : What specific expertise and services will you need in planning , implementing and evaluating your intervention ? Examples : Development and placement of media ads ; consultant for identifying interventions for priority populations ; contractor to conduct an evaluation of the intervention . Indirect Costs : Indirect costs are the expenses incurred by the organization to keep the organization operating . Indirect cost are typically calculated by multiplying an agreed upon percentage by the total direct costs , or by the total of personnel and benefit costs . These costs are sometimes also referred to as administrative costs . Will your organization obtain sufficient indirect costs from your intervention income ? Are there partners who are willing to cover some indirect costs ? Rent , utilities ( e.g. , gas , electric , sewage , trash removal ) , telecommunications ( phone line charges , long distance , fax machine , e - mail , internet ) , property insurance , legal expenses , or building maintenance costs . An “ in - kind ” donation is a contribution of time , service or goods made by a donor to help support the operations or services provided by your organization . It is n ’ t cash . Therefore the donor does retain a degree of control over the donation that does n ’ t occur when the donor gives you a cash donation . Because of this “ relationship ” your organization should keep the donor well informed on how their donation is being used . Some examples of in - kind donations include : Bookkeeping service Copying Office equipment Office / meeting space Printing Professional services ( accounting , lawyer , etc . ) Refreshments Volunteer time As you prepare your budget it is critical you account for anticipated in - kind donations . If you do n ’ t track these donations , you are n ’ t truly acknowledging the total capacity of your organization . Also tracking these donations will help you better acknowledge the donors for their contribution . To get a better sense of how to track and value in - kind donations , use “ In - Kind Donations – Hidden Assets for your Organization – A Resource Guide ” . The following printable worksheets are provided to help you with planning your intervention budget . Budget Preparation Explanation Use this Budget Preparation Explanation Worksheet to better understand how to calculate specific details of your budget ( personnel expenses , fringe benefits , indirect costs , etc . ) Budget Preparation Worksheet Use this worksheet to plan your intervention budget . Example Budget Spreadsheet with Calculations This Excel file shows sample calculations for an entire intervention , which will assist you in setting up the budget spreadsheet for your own intervention . Remember to budget for multiple years if your intervention will last longer than one year . Additional assistance with budget preparation may be obtained from the Foundation Center or the Non - Profit Guides Continue to Funding Resources > > Or select another section : Cultural Competence Building Partnership Capacity Printable Partnership Capacity Worksheet .pdf ) or ( .doc Top of Page | [
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http://health.mo.gov/living/healthcondiseases/communicable/chickenpox.php | Varicella - Zoster Virus ( Chickenpox and Shingles ) DHSS Home Healthy Living Health Conditions & Diseases Communicable Diseases » chickenpox What is varicella - zoster ? Varicella - zoster is a herpes virus that causes chickenpox , a common childhood illness . It is highly contagious . If an adult develops chickenpox , the illness may be more severe . After a person has had chickenpox , the varicella - zoster virus can remain inactive in the body for many years . Herpes zoster ( shingles ) occurs when the virus becomes active again . What illnesses does varicella - zoster cause ? Chickenpox first occurs as a blister - like skin rash and fever . It takes from 10 - 21 days after exposure for someone to develop chickenpox . The sores commonly occur in batches with different stages ( bumps , blisters , and sores ) present at the same time . The blisters usually scab over in 5 days . A person with chickenpox is contagious 1 - 2 days before the rash appears and until all blisters have formed scabs . Children with weakened immune systems may have blisters occurring for a prolonged time period . Adults can develop Shingles occurs when the virus , which has been inactive for some time , becomes active again . Severe pain and numbness along nerve pathways , commonly on the trunk or on the face , are present . Clusters of blisters appear 1 to 5 days later . The blisters are usually on one side of the body and closer together than in chickenpox . Shingles does not spread as shingles from one person to another . If people who have never had chickenpox come in contact with the fluid from shingles blisters , they can develop chickenpox . Can you get chickenpox if you ' ve been vaccinated ? Yes . About 15 % – 20 % of people who have received one dose of varicella ( chickenpox ) vaccine do still get chickenpox if they are exposed , but their disease is usually mild . Vaccinated persons who get chickenpox generally have fewer than 50 spots or bumps , which may resemble bug bites more than typical , fluid - filled chickenpox blisters . In 2006 , the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices ( ACIP ) voted to recommend routine two - dose varicella vaccination for children . In one study , children who received two doses of Are chickenpox and shingles serious illnesses ? The symptoms may be more severe in newborns , persons with weakened immune systems , and adults . Serious problems can occur and may include pneumonia ( bacterial and viral ) , brain infection ( encephalitis ) , and kidney problems . Many people are not aware that before a vaccine was available , approximately 10,600 persons were hospitalized , and 100 to 150 died , as a result of chickenpox in the U.S. every year . What should I do about an exposure to varicella ? If you have been in contact with someone with chickenpox or shingles , or if you have a rash - associated illness that might be chickenpox or shingles , discuss your situation with your healthcare provider . Blood tests may be done to see if you have become infected with the virus or have had the disease in the past . If you are pregnant and not immune and have been exposed to chickenpox or shingles , call your healthcare provider immediately . Your provider may choose to treat you with a medication called varicella - zoster immune globulin ( VZIG ) , but in order for this medication to be most helpful , it needs to be given as soon as possible after your exposure to varicella . I ' m pregnant and have recently been exposed to someone with chickenpox . How will this exposure affect me or my pregnancy ? Susceptible pregnant women are at risk for associated complications when they contract varicella . Varicella infection causes severe illness in pregnant women , and 10 % - 20 % of those infected develop varicella pneumonia , with mortality ( death ) reported as high as 40 % . Because of these risks , pregnant women without evidence of immunity to varicella who have been exposed to the virus may be given varicella - zoster immune globulin ( VZIG ) to reduce their risk of disease complications . If you are pregnant and have never had chickenpox , and you get chickenpox during the : First half ( about 20 weeks ) of your pregnancy , there is a very slight risk ( 0.4 % to 2 % ) for birth defects or miscarriage . Second half of your pregnancy , the baby may have infection without having any symptoms and then get shingles ( zoster ) later in life . Newborns whose mothers develop varicella rash from 5 days before to 2 days after delivery are at risk for neonatal varicella , associated with mortality as high as 30 % . These infants should receive preventive treatment with varicella - zoster immune globulin ( VZIG ) . I ’ m pregnant and have had a blood test for chickenpox . What do the results of this test show ? The blood test can show that you : Are immune ( have already had varicella disease or varicella vaccine ) and have no sign of recent infection . You have nothing further to be concerned about . Are not immune and have not yet been infected . You should avoid anyone with chickenpox during your pregnancy . Have or recently had an infection . You should discuss what the risks are for your stage of pregnancy with your healthcare provider . Is there a way I can keep from being infected with chickenpox ? Yes , make sure all your vaccines are up to date , especially if you are planning a pregnancy . Vaccination is the best way to protect yourself and those you love . If you are not immune , you should be vaccinated . You will receive two doses of varicella ( chickenpox ) vaccine one month apart . You should avoid becoming pregnant for at least one month after the last vaccination . Varicella vaccine should not be given to pregnant women . If you are pregnant , have your healthcare provider give you the varicella vaccine after your baby is delivered . Shingles Vaccination , what you should know : The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) recommends shingles vaccine ( Zostavax ® ) for people 60 years of age and older . This is a one - time vaccination to prevent shingles . There is no maximum age for getting the shingles vaccine . Anyone 60 years of age or older should get the shingles vaccine , regardless of whether they recall having had chickenpox or not . Studies show that more than 99 % of Americans ages 40 and older have had chickenpox , even if they do n ’ t remember getting the disease . Your risk for getting shingles begins to rise around age 50 . However , shingles vaccine ( Zostavax ® ) is only recommended for persons age 60 and older because the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine have only been studied in this age group . Even if you have had shingles , you can still receive the shingles vaccine to help prevent future occurrences of the disease . There is no specific time that you must wait after having shingles before receiving the shingles vaccine . The decision on when to get vaccinated should be made with your healthcare provider . Generally , a person should make sure that the shingles rash has disappeared before getting vaccinated . Additional information can be found at : http : / / www . cdc . gov / ncidod / diseases / list_varicl . htm For more information , call the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services ( DHSS ) at 573 - 751 - 6113 or 866 - 628 - 9891 ( 8 - 5 Monday thru Friday ) , or call your local health department . | [
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http://health.ri.gov/lifestages/death/about/autopsies/ | Autopsies An autopsy is an intricate postmortem medical procedure often requiring complex laboratory tests It includes examination of all major organs to document injury andor disease State law gives the Office of State Medical Examiners the authority to perform an autopsy in the case of sudden unexpected or violent death and other instances when an autopsy is a compelling public necessity Autopsies do not affect funeral arrangements and viewing of the body at the funeral home will still be possible Autopsy Reports To ensure the highest professional standards a final autopsy report is issued only after all necessary tests have been completed and records thoroughly checked for accuracy To ensure accuracy many tests take several weeks or even months to complete It is the duty of the State Center for the Office of Medical Examiners to correctly identify and document the cause of death Cost If the autopsy is performed by the State Center for the Office of Medical Examiners there is no charge for the autopsy procedure to the family It is absorbed through operations of the Department of Health funded through tax dollars Autopsy reports do cost 40 per copy and are available upon request to the next of kin To obtain a copy of an autopsy report the next of kin must submit a letter in writing or an autopsy request form | [
"Autopsies",
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http://health.ridgeviewmedical.org/providers/4174 | Guy P Runkle MD Ridgeview Clinics Dr Runkle is interested in the entire spectrum of Family Medicine His practice includes pediatrics adolescent and adult medicine geriatrics minor surgical procedures and mental health He enjoys Dungeons and Dragons and spending time with his wife and children Hospital Affiliations Ridgeview Medical Center Schedule Appointment Basic Information BoardCertified Specialties Family medicine Professional Interests Surgical procedures minor Adult medicine Mental health Gender Male Education and Experience Payment and Insurance Locations Unable to display map Ridgeview Westonka Clinic 9524427890 4695 Shoreline Drive Spring Park MN 55384 | [
"Ridgeview Clinics",
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http://health.springfieldmo.gov/ | About Us Animal Control Food Safety Healthy Kids Healthy Lifestyle Community Health Health Department News Oct . 2 , 2018 - Health Department earns National Accreditation The Springfield - Greene County Health Department is proud to announce that it has been nationally accredited through the Public Health Accreditation Board . Read on . . . Sept . 28 , 2018 - Springfield Flu Coalition clinics begin next week . Flu season has officially begun , and the best method of protection — not to mention one of the easiest — is the flu vaccine . Read on . . . Dec . 11 , 2017 - City Council to consider repeal of future pit bull ban or refer to a citizen vote It is anticipated that City Council will make a decision at the Dec . 11 meeting to either repeal General Ordinance No . 6397 or submit to voters a question of whether or not to approve the ordinance . Apr 3 , 2019 - Results of Community Mental Health and Substance Abuse Assessment to be Announced On Friday , April 12 , the community is invited to learn the results of the assessment , hear the opportunities for improvement moving forward , see the resources available and learn how to get involved . Apr 1 , 2019 - Health Department unveils new logo Learn more . . . Mar 28 , 2019 - Retired Drug Court Commissioner named Bengsch Award honoree The Springfield - Greene County Health Department is proud to announce Peggy Davis , the recently retired commissioner for Greene County ’ s Drug , Mental Health , DWI and Veterans Courts , as this year ’ s Harold K . Bengsch Award honoree . Mar . 25 , 2019 - Springfield - Greene County Health Department starts daily pollen counts The Springfield - Greene County Health Department ’ s regular pollen count began today and will be posted daily throughout the season until the first freeze . Feb 20 , 2019 - Flu is on the rise : there ’ s still time to get vaccinated ! In light of increasing flu numbers — during a time where weekly counts generally decrease — the Springfield - Greene County Health Department is reminding residents of the best ways to prevent flu . Feb 1 , 2019 - Nominations open today for 2019 Harold K . Bengsch Award Nominations for the 2019 Harold K . Bengsch honoree are now open . Dec . 5 , 2018 - WIC Contract Renewed for 2019 The Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services has renewed the contract for the Special Supplemental Food and Nutrition Education Program for Women , Infants and Children ( WIC ) for another year . WIC is open ! Despite the federal government shutdown , WIC participants may continue to attend appointment and redeem checks at authorized WIC retailers . Oct . 2 , 2018 - Health Department earns National Accreditation The Springfield - Greene County Health Department is proud to announce that it has been nationally accredited through the Public Health Accreditation Board . Sept . 28 , 2018 - Springfield Flu Coalition clinics begin next week . Flu season has officially begun , and the best method of protection — not to mention one of the easiest — is the flu vaccine . Dec . 11 , 2017 - City Council to consider repeal of future pit bull ban or refer to a citizen vote It is anticipated that City Council will make a decision at the Dec . 11 meeting to either repeal General Ordinance No . 6397 or submit to voters a question of whether or not to approve the ordinance . Apr 3 , 2019 - Results of Community Mental Health and Substance Abuse Assessment to be Announced On Friday , April 12 , the community is invited to learn the results of the assessment , hear the opportunities for improvement moving forward , see the resources available and learn how to get involved . Apr 1 , 2019 - Health Department unveils new logo Learn more . . . Mar 28 , 2019 - Retired Drug Court Commissioner named Bengsch Award honoree The Springfield - Greene County Health Department is proud to announce Peggy Davis , the recently retired commissioner for Greene County ’ s Drug , Mental Health , DWI and Veterans Courts , as this year ’ s Harold K . Bengsch Award honoree . Next Previous Latest Events Event Calendar April 2019 S M T W T F S 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 1 2 3 4 View All Events Restaurant Inspections Contact Your Health Department Birth & Death Certificates WIC Back to Top | [
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http://health.ucsd.edu/specialties/apheresis/Pages/stem-cell-harvest-apheresis.aspx | Hematopoietic Stem Cell Harvest Apheresis Hematopoietic stem cell ( HSC ) harvest apheresis is a special form of leukapheresis used to collect cells from the peripheral blood that can be used in bone marrow transplant . UC San Diego Health operates the largest HSC collection facility in San Diego County . The HSC harvest apheresis program is accredited by many organizations , including the Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy , the American Association of Blood Banks , the State of California and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) . What Are Hematopoietic Stem Cells ( HSCs ) ? There are various types of stem cells . Hematopoietic stem cells , unlike embryonic stem cells , can be collected from the peripheral blood by apheresis . HSC are the progenitor cells that give rise to all the components of the bone marrow and immune system , including red blood cells , white blood cells and blood platelets . What Is HSC Harvest Apheresis Used to Treat ? Hematopoietic stem cell harvest apheresis is now the primary method for obtaining the cells that are transplanted in bone marrow transplantation . This procedure is used to treat various types of leukemia , lymphoma and other cancers , and occasionally for certain genetic diseases that lead to anemia or immune deficiency . As the name suggests , bone marrow transplant ( BMT ) originally required placing a needle into the interior of a bone to obtain these cells . Nowadays , in more than 90 percent of cases , equivalent cells can be collected from the bloodstream by HSC harvest apheresis , avoiding the painful and more complex procedure of bone marrow aspiration . The HSC can be obtained from matched volunteers ( often family members ) for “ allogeneic ” BMT , or from patients themselves for “ autologous ” BMT . The apheresis procedures continue daily until the quantity of HSCs obtained has reached a predetermined target , which is the amount needed to subsequently reconstitute the patient ' s bone marrow and immune system . Once sufficient HSCs are in the storage freezer , the patient undergoes chemotherapy in high enough doses to kill cancer cells . This will also wipe out their bone marrow and immune system , but is done in the secure knowledge that afterwards the patient can receive back their stored HSCs . After the HSC are given back by transfusion , the cells migrate to the bone marrow and begin the process of creating new blood cells , thereby rebuilding the bone marrow and immune system . What Is the HSC Cell Harvest Apheresis Process ? Before the hematopoietic stem cell collection , you may receive injections of growth factors to increase the number of peripheral stem cells in the blood . On the day that the blood cell count has reached a sufficient level , blood is removed through a needle or catheter and circulated into a blood cell separator machine . The blood is separated and mononuclear white blood cells and peripheral blood stem cells are transferred to a collection bag . They are saved and frozen . The other blood components ( plasma , red blood cells , platelets ) circulate back to the patient through a return needle . One or two HSC harvests are usually sufficient to obtain enough cells from normal allogeneic donors , but in autologous cases some patients may have to undergo three , four or more daily apheresis procedures . Potential Side Effects HSC harvest apheresis is a safe procedure with a few possible side effects . You may have discomfort at the needle site and occasional light - headedness during treatment . A nurse will check on you regularly during treatment and a physician will be onsite . | [
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http://health.ucsd.edu/specialties/surgery/bariatric/weight-loss-surgery/Pages/comparison-chart.aspx | Compare Minimally Invasive Weight Loss Surgery Options The Bariatric and Metabolic Institute at UC San Diego Health offers multiple bariatric surgery options for long - term weight loss . Take the next step in your weight - loss journey . Call us today at 858 - 657 - 8860 . What Is the Safest Weight Loss Surgery ? Each surgery for weight loss has benefits for certain people , depending on their health status and situation . Below are summaries of the surgeries offered and their ideal candidates : Gastric Sleeve Ideal Candidates Severely obese ( BMI of 35 or more ) for more than five years . Nonsurgical serious weight - loss attempts unsuccessful . Willingness to make significant lifestyle changes . How It ' s Done Large segment of the stomach is removed through a small incision . Minimally invasive laparoscopic technique . Part of stomach that creates hunger - producing hormone is removed . Patients experience diminished appetite . Benefits No device is implanted with the gastric sleeve . Simpler procedure than gastric bypass . Fewer food intolerances than with gastric band . No intestinal rerouting . Faster weight loss than gastric banding . Appropriate for teenagers from age 14 and up . Expected Weight Loss 30 to 50 percent of excess weight in the first six to 12 months , with a total of 50 to 70 percent excess weight loss over two years . Read more about the gastric sleeve Gastric Banding Ideal Candidates Severely obese ( BMI of 35 or more ) for more than five years . Nonsurgical serious weight - loss attempts unsuccessful . Willingness to make significant lifestyle changes . How It ' s Done Gastric band is placed around the stomach to create a small stomach pouch . Minimally invasive laparoscopic technique . Port accessible at the skin ' s surface allows for easy adjustments . Works by limiting food intake , reducing appetite and slowing digestion . Benefits One of the safest , least invasive surgical weight loss options . No stomach stapling or intestinal rerouting . Outpatient procedure . Adjustable and reversible bariatric surgery option . Fast recovery time . Appropriate for teenagers from 14 and up . Expected Weight Loss 50 percent of excess weight over 2 years . Read more about gastric banding Gastric Bypass Severely obese ( BMI of 35 or more ) for more than five years . Nonsurgical serious weight - loss attempts unsuccessful . Willingness to make significant lifestyle changes . Stomach is made smaller by creating a small pouch ; intestines are rerouted . Minimally invasive laparoscopic technique . Post - surgery , patients absorb fewer calories and nutrients . Rapid weight loss from gastric bypass . Patients have experienced resolution of diabetes , hypertension , sleep apnea , and coronary artery disease . Increased weight loss compared to gastric banding . Appropriate for teenagers from age 14 and up . 65 to 80 percent of excess weight over 18 months . Read more about gastric bypass Gastric Bypass Revision Former gastric bypass patients who have regained weight . Patients who did not lose weight after gastric bypass . Incisionless procedure returns the stomach pouch to the size achieved after gastric bypass . A small , flexible endoscope is inserted through the mouth . Outpatient procedure . Fast recovery time . No scarring . Minimal post - operative pain . Loss of one to two pounds a week , starting immediately after surgery . Read more about gastric bypass revision Endoscopic Plication BMI of 30 or more for several years . Serious nonsurgical weight - loss attempts unsuccessful . Willingness to make significant lifestyle changes . Stomach is made smaller by folding the stomach in on itself and stitching it closed . Minimally invasive laparoscopic technique . Works by limiting food intake . No intestinal rerouting . No implanted device left in the body . May be reversible as the stomach is not removed . Minimal post - operative pain . 20 percent of excess weight after 1 month . 50 percent of excess weight over 2 years . Read more about endoscopic plication Gastric Balloon Have a BMI between 30 - 40 . Nonsurgical weight loss attempts unsuccessful . Have one or more health issues related to obesity . A thin , deflated balloon is placed in the stomach through the mouth . Once in place , it ' s filled with a saline solution . No incisions required . Temporary , balloon is only in for six months or less . Outpatient procedure done under mild sedation . 10 percent of excess weight over 6 months . Read more about the gastric balloon | [
"Weight Loss Surgery",
"Bariatric and Metabolic Institute",
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http://healthaffairs.org/blog/2015/04/14/46989/ | If The ACA Were Repealed , Just What Would Replace It ? For five years Republicans have been clamoring for repeal of the Affordable Care Act . With Republicans gaining control of both houses of Congress in 2014 , it is now conceivable that they could actually get repeal legislation — or repeal and replace legislation — to the President ’ s desk . Republicans in both the House and Senate are now negotiating budget proposals that call for repeal of the ACA . Realistically , however , as long as President Obama remains in office , repeal legislation stands no chance of surviving a presidential veto . At this point the Republican ’ s most realistic opportunity to make significant changes in the ACA is in the hands of the Supreme Court . The Court could decide in late June that the premium tax credits that make health insurance affordable for millions of Americans are not available in two - thirds of the states , placing the individual insurance markets in those states at risk . Although a decision against the administration in King v . Burwell is unlikely to lead to repeal of the ACA , it could substantially strengthen the position of the Republicans in pushing for changes in the law . But what changes would they seek , and what effect would those changes have ? What proposals have the Republicans offered for replacing the law , and how would those proposals affect progress that has been made so far in achieving the goals of the ACA ? The Goals And Achievements Of The ACA To begin , it is important to understand what changes in our health care system the ACA attempted and what it has achieved . As has often been noted , the ACA is a very big law with large ambitions . Its nine titles address health care delivery system reform , prevention , quality improvement , program integrity , health care workforce reform , generic biologics , and reform of the Indian Health Service – every nook and cranny of our massive and complex health care system . Virtually all public and political attention , however , has been focused The ACA reformed insurance markets by banning insurance industry practices that had had deleterious effects such as health status and gender underwriting , preexisting condition exclusions , annual and lifetime dollar coverage limits , and coverage rescissions . The reforms also improved health coverage transparency and accountability . These reforms have enjoyed wide support , and some Republican proposals would retain some of them . The insurance underwriting reforms , however , depended on the creation of a normal risk pool in the individual and small group markets , including healthy as well as unhealthy individuals , which the ACA encouraged through a mandate that requires individuals who can afford health insurance to get insured and through premium stabilization programs . Republicans proposals uniformly reject the mandate requirement , even though it originated in conservative and Republican reform proposals The ACA expanded access to coverage through the use of premium tax credits and cost - sharing reduction payments for households with incomes between 100 and 400 percent of the federal poverty level , and through the expansion of Medicaid coverage for adults with incomes below 138 percent of poverty . The ACA ’ s employer and individual responsibility provisions are also aimed at expanding insurance coverage by encouraging employers to continue to offer coverage for their workers and individuals who can afford coverage to purchase it . The ACA increased the comprehensiveness of coverage through the essential health benefits The goals of the ACA also include restraining growth in the cost of health care and improving the quality and coordination of health care . The ACA did not adopt any integrated strategy for achieving these goals , depending rather on a wide range of regulatory interventions , financial incentives , and pilot programs . Under The ACA : Progress , But Sometimes Slower Than Hoped For The Affordable Care Act has been largely successful in accomplishing these goals , although there have been serious bumps in the road and progress has been more difficult to achieve than had been hoped . As the legislation passed its five - year anniversary , 11.7 million Americans had signed up for coverage through the marketplaces , while Medicaid enrollment had grown by 11.2 million . Employers , who have traditionally offered coverage to most working age Americans and their families , have continued to offer coverage . The expansions were dealt a major setback by the 2012 Supreme Court decision that made the Medicaid expansion optional for the states , leaving 4 million uninsured , but the number of Americans who are uninsured has still fallen by 16.4 million since the ACA was put in place . The cost - sharing reduction payments have also made not just coverage but also health care affordable for millions of Americans with incomes below 250 percent of the federal poverty level . Explicit health status underwriting and exclusion of coverage of preexisting conditions has disappeared in the individual and small group markets . The essential benefits package in these markets also ensures that some forms of benefits are available that were often not available before , like coverage for maternity or habilitation care . Although the ACA has significantly expanded coverage for both lower - and moderate - income Americans and Americans with health problems as promised , much remains to be done . Millions of Americans are , and are likely to remain , uninsured . The ACA does nothing , for example , to expand coverage for undocumented aliens or to financially help households with incomes in excess of 400 percent of poverty to afford coverage . The coverage expansion has also gone more slowly than was hoped — impeded by marketplace technical issues and the difficulty of selling insurance to lower Moreover , the expansion of coverage of pre - existing conditions , the elimination of gender underwriting , and limitations imposed on age underwriting , the expansion of benefits , and limits on cost - sharing have resulted in substantial premium increases for individuals and small groups with young and healthy populations . This in turn prompted the administration to adopt a transitional approach to imposing the underwriting reforms and benefits expansion that allowed the continuation of non - compliant plans and slowed the introduction of the underwriting and benefit reforms . Some insurers have limited the availability of in The cost of health care in the United States remains higher than in any other country — both absolutely and as a percentage of gross domestic product — and continues to increase . In fact , however , the United States has experienced a sustained period of historically low rates health care cost growth since the ACA was adopted . Although some individuals and groups have experienced dramatic increases in health insurance costs , in fact overall insurance premiums have also been increasing at a slower rate than in the past . Correspondingly , the cost of the ACA ’ s coverage expansions has been significantly lower than originally projected . Though it is certainly not the only factor , the ACA has undoubtedly played a role in reducing health care costs , particularly through holding down the growth of Medicare rates . The ACA has also encouraged positive changes in the health care delivery system . It has driven a greater emphasis on primary care , on integration and coordination of medical care , and on accountability of health care providers . There is some evidence that the quality of health care has been improving in the half decade since the ACA was adopted . Polls repeatedly show that more Americans have an unfavorable than have a favorable opinion of the ACA , although support is much stronger for improving the law rather than repealing it . Polls also show , however , that Americans are broadly supportive of the specific provisions of the ACA . It is impossible to know to what extent opposition is based on an informed judgment on the actual law itself and to what extent it has been driven by the avalanche of political advertising attacking the law to which Americans have been exposed in the past five years . It is also likely that negative public opinion is based to a considerable degree in a general Republican Reform Proposals In any event , Republicans believe , not unrealistically , that public opposition to the ACA played a role in their steady stream of electoral victories at both the federal and state level since its enactment , and that they have a mandate to repeal or replace the law . How they would do that , however , remains to be seen . There is no lack of proposals from Republican legislators or conservative or libertarian advocacy groups . At least a dozen are presently available and more are appearing regularly . For an excellent summary of these proposals , see Philip Klein ’ s excellent Overcoming Obamacare But for most proposals we only have brief summaries in blog posts or fact sheets . None have been reduced to legislative language and fully evaluated for their cost and effect on coverage by the Congressional Budget Office . Given the divisions in the Republican party between the right and the far right and between the more ideological House and more pragmatic Senate , it is hard to imagine Republicans coalescing behind , much less adopting , a single plan between now and late June when the Supreme Court is likely to rule on King v . Burwell If the Supreme Court in King invalidates the Internal Revenue Service rule permitting the federally facilitated exchanges to grant premium tax credits , one option would be for Congress simply to extend those tax credits through the end of 2015 , affording a little more time for Republicans to come together on a replacement strategy . Leaving aside the fact that the more radical elements in the Republican Party would in all likelihood see delay as an unacceptable concession , delay would also do little to avoid the collapse of insurance markets for 2016 . Insurers must decide whether or not to participate in insurance markets The biggest barrier to the adoption of a Republican alternative to replace the ACA and carry out its goals is that Republicans simply do not accept those goals , and thus can not and will not adopt a program for achieving them . The primary goal of the ACA is to extend health care coverage to Americans regardless of their income or health status , while controlling health care costs and improving quality . The goals of Republican health care reform proposals are to diminish the role of the federal government in regulating and funding health care . These goals are incompatible . Republican reform proposals would end the Medicaid expansion and most would terminate means - tested premium tax credits and cost - sharing reduction payments . Most replacement proposals would repeal ACA provisions prohibiting insurers from underwriting based on health status or excluding coverage for preexisting conditions , the ACA ’ s essential health benefit coverage mandate , and the premium stabilization programs . Indeed , most of the plans , including both House and Senate Republican budget proposals , purport to repeal all of the Affordable Care Act , or at least Title I . To be sure , most proposals offer alternatives for the provisions they would repeal . Most proposals would offer block grants or capped funding to the states in lieu of all or part of the existing Medicaid program . Most would also offer fixed - dollar tax credits or deductions to assist with payment for health care coverage . Most proposals would not means - test these credits , but a few proposals would offer tax credits only to lower - income individuals and some would offer tax credits to individuals and families who currently receive coverage through the Medicaid Others proposals would offer universal fixed - dollar credits or deductions . These would be substitutes for long - standing tax exclusions and deductions for employment - related health coverage , which would be repealed . Most proposals would expand the availability of and current tax subsidies for health savings accounts . Although most proposals would repeal the ACA ’ s prohibitions against discrimination on the basis of preexisting conditions , some proposals would allow individuals with preexisting conditions to obtain coverage with standard rates if they had had continuous coverage for some period of time . Some would allow individuals with preexisting conditions a one - time opportunity to lock in coverage at standard rates . Others would cover individuals with preexisting conditions through state high risk pools . Most proposals would eliminate or loosen constraints on age rating bands or gender underwriting . Most proposals would eliminate federal insurance benefit mandates . Although most plans would leave issues of insurance regulation to the states , some proposals would permit the sale of insurance across state lines , effectively repealing state benefit mandates as well . All proposals would repeal the individual and employer responsibility mandates , although some would penalize individuals who do not maintain coverage by allowing insurers to subject them to health status underwriting . Finally , a number of the proposals include provisions designed to appeal to key Republican constituents and financial supporters , such as restrictions on abortions or medical malpractice claims or the repeal of taxes imposed by the ACA on high - income Americans or on certain health care industry participants . The Challenge Facing Republicans It goes without saying that combining these disparate approaches into a single proposal and reducing it to legislative language would be a feat at least equal to that faced by the Democrats in 2009 and 2010 as they attempted to rally the disparate factions of their party to draft the ACA . Moreover , if Republicans were actually to repeal fully the ACA , they would also have to patch major holes that would be created in the Medicare law , which currently incorporates many ACA provisions . They would also have to repeal provisions of the law that have The Constraints Of The Budget And Budget Rules They will also face the challenge of producing a bill that does not explode the deficit . It is projected that if the Supreme Court finds that the federally facilitated marketplaces can not in fact issue premium tax credits , the CBO spending baseline will drop by $ 340 billion over 10 years , a gap that the Republicans will either have to fill or make disappear through budget chicanery . If Republicans repeal the taxes and Medicare savings imposed by the ACA to achieve budget neutrality , they will have to either have to find hundreds of billions of dollars in additional revenue and savings , increase the budget deficit , or count on what Jon Gruber famously referred to as “ the stupidity of the American voter ” and fudge the budget rules , as the Senate budget proposes doing by proposing a trillion dollars in unspecified cuts . The House and Senate Republican budget proposals affirm an intention to use the budget reconciliation rules to repeal the ACA . Under current Senate budget reconciliation rules , Congress can only use reconciliation to change provisions of the law that affect the revenues and expenditures of the federal government , and only then when the changes do not increase the budget deficit in years following the period affected by the reconciliation provision . Reconciliation could be not be used , therefore , to repeal or amend provisions of the ACA regulating health insurance or other non - financial provisions of the legislation unless the rules are changed . The Republicans would face the same constraints in using reconciliation to repeal the ACA that Democrats faced in using reconciliation to adopt it . Moving In The Wrong Direction Beyond the difficulties Republicans face in actually replacing the law , however , is the fact that Republican proposals would turn back the substantial gains that have been made under the ACA , leaving millions of Americans uninsured and millions more with inadequate coverage . Block granting Medicaid would certainly mean that states that have not so far expanded Medicaid would not do so in the future . A number of states that have expanded Medicaid would probably reverse course , or at least impose work requirements , premium or cost - sharing obligations , or other barriers to coverage that would dramatically reduce coverage . Block granting is also a thinly veiled cut in Medicaid funding , with the shortfall of funding increasing over time as increases in block grants failed to keep pace with increased program costs . Replacing current means - tested tax credits with fixed dollar tax credits would make health insurance unaffordable for lower - and moderate - income Americans who can not afford to cover the gap between the actual cost of health coverage and the amount offered through the tax credit . If the ACA ’ s prohibitions against health status and gender underwriting and limitations on age underwriting are repealed , insurance will cost more for women , older individuals , and individuals with preexisting conditions . Fixed dollar tax credits , even if crudely adjusted for age , will not cover It is possible that with the repeal of essential health benefit requirements ( and the subversion of state benefit mandates through allowing the sale of insurance across state lines ) , insurers will market cheaper insurance plans with very high cost - sharing or very limited benefits . This could make insurance coverage more affordable to some Americans , particularly those whose incomes are above 400 percent of poverty . But high cost sharing is already an issue under the ACA . Bronze plans — even silver plans — impose much higher cost - sharing than do typical employer plans , impeding the ability of covered families to actually access health care . A significant proportion of marketplace enrollees receive cost - sharing reduction payments that substantially reduce their cost - sharing obligations , and in general the problem of medical debt seems to be decreasing under the ACA . Some proposals tout health savings accounts as a means to fill the cost - sharing gap . While tax deductions for HSAs may help wealthy individuals cover their cost - sharing , they will do nothing for families that lack the wherewithal to save money in HSAs and for whom tax deductions have little value because they pay little income tax . The elimination of benefit mandates may mean that health plans in the nongroup market will once again fail to cover maternity coverage or limit mental and behavioral health coverage . Access to preventive care may be sharply curtailed . Mini - med plans with such minimal coverage that it is essentially fraudulent to call them health insurance will reappear . Permitting sale of insurance across state lines will eliminate the ability of state insurance regulators to protect consumers and could set off a race to the bottom in which the state that overlooks the most outrageous behavior on the part of insurers will pick up the most insurance business . ( It is worth noting , incidentally , that some states have allowed sale of health insurance across state lines , but that no insurers have attempted interstate insurance sales because health insurance is network based and an insurer must have an actual presence in a state to offer a provider network . ) If the ACA is repealed , with it will go the protection it offers individuals with preexisting health problems . They would again be denied health insurance or subjected to unaffordable insurance premiums . Some replacement proposals would allow individuals who maintain continuous coverage to purchase health coverage at standard rates . This could be helpful to individuals who had insurance but lose coverage ( and who can afford to purchase individual coverage ) , but would not help the long - term uninsured . Some proposals would couple this with a one - time open enrollment period . Given Yet other plans would provide federal support for state - high risk pools . We have a great deal of experience with state high risk pools and they have not worked . Premiums have been high and enrollment low . The House budget bill also relies heavily on association health plans , which have a history of segmenting insurance markets and making health insurance less accessible to higher - risk individuals and families , offering limited health benefits , and defrauding consumers . Replacement plans would also repeal the individual and employer responsibility requirements . The individual responsibility requirement is perhaps the most unpopular ACA provision . But it plays an important role in ensuring that healthy as well as unhealthy people purchase insurance , thus making insurance more affordable for all . Replacement plans that subject individuals who do not maintain continuous insurance coverage to health status underwriting when they try to purchase insurance also impose penalties , which could be much higher than the ACA penalties . They are also likely to dissuade people with medical needs from seeking coverage while offering little incentive to healthy individuals to purchase coverage as long as they remain healthy . Repeal of the employer mandate would likely cause more employers to drop coverage . If replacement plans reduce tax subsidies for employer coverage , this effect will be magnified . The Bottom Line Republican plans can not “ replace ” the ACA , in the sense of achieving its goals through a different means . They may achieve different goals — reducing federal expenditures on health care , freeing insurers from requirements that limit their ability to discriminate on the basis of health status or provide skimpy coverage , allowing individuals who wish to remain uninsured — but millions of Americans who have found health security under the ACA will lose it if the ACA is repealed and replaced by Republican proposals . If the Supreme Court rules that the federally facilitated exchanges can not issue premium tax credits , the results will be devastating . Congress could easily avoid this devastation through simply adopting a statute reaffirming its obvious original intent that federal exchanges have the same powers as state - operated exchanges . It will not do this . Indeed , at this point it is hard to see Congress doing anything , in the sense of coalescing around a single policy that would rescue our health care system . If Congress at some future point , however , does succeed | [
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http://healthaffairs.org/blog/2016/07/21/obamacare-premiums-are-lower-than-you-think/ | Obamacare Premiums Are Lower Than You Think Since the Affordable Care Act ’ s ( ACA ) health insurance marketplaces first took effect in 2014 , news story after story has focused on premium increases for certain plans , in certain cities , or for certain individuals . Based on preliminary reports , premiums now appear set to rise by a substantial amount in 2017 . What these individual data points miss , however , is that average premiums in the individual market actually dropped significantly upon implementation of the ACA , according to our new analysis , even while consumers got better coverage . In other words , people are getting more for less under the ACA . Covered California , that state ’ s marketplace , just announced premium increases averaging 13.2 percent . But even if premiums increase by the 10 or 15 percent overall that some are predicting for 2017 , they will still be far lower than premiums otherwise would have been in the absence of the law . Moreover , this analysis does not include the effects of premium and cost - sharing subsidies that serve to make ACA marketplace plans more affordable for many people . 2014 Premiums In the ACA Marketplaces Were 10 - 21 Percent Lower Than 2013 Individual Market Premiums While many stories of pronounced increases are simply the natural result of a law that works differently in every region and for people of different health statuses , it appears to be conventional wisdom that the ACA increased premiums in the individual , non - group insurance market , if only because it increased the quality and robustness of coverage . Indeed , many of the ACA ’ s new rules do have the anticipated effect of increasing premiums , such as : mandated guaranteed issue regardless of health status ; restrictions on the ability to charge different premiums based on anything besides age and smoking habits ; requirements for plans to offer certain benefits deemed “ essential ; ” limits on out - of - pocket costs an enrollee can pay for covered services in a given year ; and , the elimination of any lifetime limits on coverage . However , many features of the ACA push in the opposite direction and save consumers money . The individual mandate and federal subsidies greatly expanded the number of people purchasing coverage in the individual market , pushing premiums down both by increasing the sheer size of the market — the bigger the market , the lower the prices — and including many healthier people who previously went uninsured . In addition , the ACA created relatively transparent marketplaces where insurers must compete on premiums for products standardized by actuarial value , allowing competition to drive down prices . Together , by creating a much larger and more competitive market , these changes placed strong downward pressure on insurance premiums , outweighing the factors pushing in the opposite direction . Stronger rate review and minimum requirements for how much an insurance plan must spend on actual health care expenses furthered this downward pressure on prices . According to our analysis , average premiums for the second - lowest cost silver - level ( SLS ) marketplace plan in 2014 , which serves as a benchmark for ACA subsidies , were between 10 and 21 percent lower than average individual market premiums in 2013 , before the ACA , even while providing enrollees with significantly richer coverage and a broader set of benefits . Silver - level ACA plans cover roughly 17 percent more of an enrollee ’ s health expenses than pre - ACA plans did , on average . In essence , then , consumers received more coverage at a lower price . Exhibit 1 Moreover , ACA marketplace SLS plan premiums are still lower in 2016 than individual market premiums were in 2013 , on average , and a full 20 percent below where the Congressional Budget Office ( CBO ) originally projected they would be when they first estimated the impacts of the ACA in 2009 . Health insurance was expensive before the ACA and continues to be , but the ACA appears to have had a salutary impact on premiums even while providing more robust coverage . Judging by the low or negative profits for many insurers on their ACA plan offerings and preliminary reports indicating significant marketplace premium increases for 2017 in many areas , premiums to date were likely set lower than they should have been . However , barring increases much larger than foreseen today , premiums are likely to remain notably below expectations , or where they would have been in the For this analysis , we generally focus on average premiums for the second - lowest silver marketplace plan because they determine federal premium subsidies and represent the most common coverage level . CBO also provides good data on such plans , and this metric allows us to compare actual experience to the original predictions . A “ silver ” plan is one that has an actuarial value of 70 percent , meaning it pays for roughly 70 percent of the average enrollee ’ s covered health expenses . While not a pure apples - to - apples comparison , the finding that SLS plans are available for a lower cost than individual market plans before 2014 , on average , is significant . This is particularly true given that SLS plans have an actuarial value roughly 10 percentage points higher than the average for individual plans prior to 2014 ( and thus pay roughly 17 percent more of an enrollee ’ s covered health care expenses ) . Beating CBO ’ s Expectations In 2014 , the Congressional Budget Office highlighted that ACA premiums had come in 15 percent lower than expected , but premiums since then have continued to grow slower than projected ( the average SLS plan premium grew at 2 percent in 2015 and 7.2 percent in 2016 in the federally - facilitated exchanges ) , increasing the difference in 2016 to 20 percent . Exhibit 2 Some of this decline is the result of the impressive system - wide health care spending slowdown the nation has experienced in recent years , which is broader than just the ACA and is due in part to the slower than expected economic recovery ( though growing evidence suggests that the ACA has played some role ) . However , ACA marketplace premiums have beaten projections by significantly more than other areas of health care spending , therefore implying that the marketplaces have been particularly effective in driving low premiums . By comparison , premiums for employer - sponsored health plans ( which the ACA only minimally impacts ) in 2014 were roughly 12 percent below CBO projections from the same 2009 report and total national health spending in 2014 was about 7.5 percent lower than projected back when the ACA was enacted . The ACA ’ s Effect On Individual Market Premiums To address this issue , we draw on Congressional Budget Office estimates of average individual market premiums in 2009 ( the most recent pre - ACA year for which CBO provides an estimate ) , largely based on data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey ( MEPS ) and adjusted for insights from their Health Insurance Simulation Model and observed data . We then adjust this estimate downward to account for it being based on pre - 2009 data , by the ratio of actual 2009 employer - provided plan premiums for single coverage ( from MEPS ) to CBO ’ s predictions at the time . Therefore , we estimate that the average annual premium in the individual market in 2009 was $ 3,480 ( or $ 290 per month ) , which was for a plan that on average covered roughly 60 percent of an enrollee ’ s covered health expenses – an actuarial value of 60 percent . By comparison , the average premium in 2014 for the SLS plan was $ 3,800 according to CBO , only 9 percent higher despite the passage of five years . Adjusting for the difference in actuarial value , this premium was actually lower in nominal dollars than that in 2009 . Moreover , by any measure , individual market premiums had grown enough by 2013 such that the $ 3,800 average SLS plan premium in 2014 represented a sharp drop from the previous year , despite covering a higher percentage of enrollee costs and offering a broader set of health benefits . Jon Gabel and Stephen Smith of NORC at the University of Chicago conducted the most thorough analyses of how much premiums in the individual market increased between 2009 and 2013 , before the ACA marketplaces took effect . Gabel and Smith analyzed data on rate increase filings for comprehensive health insurance products from a sample of states and found that individual market premiums grew by 11.7 percent in 2010 , 7 percent in 2011 , and 7.1 percent in 2012 . A subsequent Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation ( ASPE ) analysis by Rose Chu and Richard Kronick , also looking at public insurer rate filings to states , found that individual market premiums in 2013 grew by 7.9 percent in their data sample . These analyses are imperfect and tell us more about increases in base premium rates offered ( before underwriting ) than average premiums paid . Nevertheless , they imply that ACA marketplace premiums for the SLS plan in 2014 came in a remarkable 21 percent lower than average individual market premiums the year prior , or 32 percent lower when accounting for the new plans ’ higher actuarial value , even without incorporating likely utilization increases in response to the additional coverage Other data sources indicate that individual market premiums may have grown more slowly from 2009 - 2013 than the two ASPE studies found , but suffer from other limitations . An analysis by eHealth , a company that sells health insurance policies online , found that premiums for their customers on the individual market grew by 5.2 percent per year , on average , for single plans from 2009 to 2013 . It is possible , though , that their customers are unrepresentative of the full market , as people buying insurance online might differ from those buying coverage through other means , differences that might have changed over this period of expanded online purchasing . Nonetheless , premiums for employer - provided health insurance ( on which better data exists ) also grew Even if average individual market premiums grew at only 5 percent annually from 2009 to 2013 , then , ACA marketplace premiums for the SLS plan in 2014 still represented a 10 percent decline from the average individual market premium in 2013 , or a 23 percent drop for a plan of the same actuarial value ( again before incorporating likely utilization increases in response to additional coverage ) . Is it important to note , though , that while average individual market premiums appear to have declined nationwide upon implementation of the ACA , local conditions can vary significantly because premiums are determined separately for each local marketplace . Similarly , due to its community rating provisions , the impacts of the ACA on individuals ’ premiums may vary significantly based on health status – the ACA is more likely to increase premiums for healthier enrollees and decrease them for sicker enrollees . Supporting Evidence An analysis by Jon Gabel in Health Affairs Blog examining base premium offerings in the individual market , lends further evidence to our new finding . He utilizes data from America ’ s Health Insurance Plans ( AHIP ) that show base individual market premiums averaging $ 2,985 in 2009 . Suppose that base premiums subsequently grew annually by somewhere between 5 percent and the higher ASPE estimates detailed earlier from 2009 - 2013 . That would then imply that average base premium offerings in the individual market in 2013 were similar to the $ 3,800 average premium for the SLS plan on ACA marketplaces in 2014 ( anywhere from 8 percent lower to 5 percent higher ) . Base health insurance premium rates before the ACA , though , are by definition lower than the actual premiums paid by many enrollees , given the ability to charge higher premiums based on a myriad of factors , including poor health status or gender , in the pre - ACA individual market . It is no surprise , then , that our estimate ( based on CBO analysis ) of average premiums paid in 2009 is 17 percent higher than AHIP ’ s finding of base premium rates that year . How Did the ACA Lower Individual Market Premiums ? That the ACA might have caused premiums to drop so precipitously when its marketplaces took effect may seem surprising at first – it was to us . After all , the ACA prohibited insurers from denying coverage or charging higher rates to sicker individuals , required them to cover a broader set of benefits , and imposed new taxes and regulations . However , the premium reductions make more sense upon deeper analysis . First , even though sicker people were charged higher premiums in the pre - ACA world ( and some were denied coverage altogether ) , many still purchased insurance , but likely at significantly higher rates ; as noted above , this made average premiums in the pre - ACA individual market notably higher than the base rates available to the healthy . Moreover , by creating large premium subsidies and imposing the individual mandate , the ACA may have caused a greater influx of relatively healthy enrollees into the individual market in 2014 and beyond , which was the predicted that the ACA would create a healthier risk pool in the individual market by 2016 , on average , than existed before 2014 ( although we have not seen evidence in either direction as to whether this prediction came to fruition ) . Second , the ACA creates a price - competitive and transparent market structure , where consumers can compare similar health insurance products . ACA marketplace consumers , to date , appear to be very cost - conscious and drawn to lower - cost , narrower - network offerings . As a result , many health plans have been very aggressive in negotiating lower provider payment rates and utilizing narrow networks to help do so ; a McKinsey Center for U.S. Health System Reform finds that narrow - network silver plans offered median premiums 22 percent lower than broad - network plans in 2016 . Third , selling costs are likely to be lower in the ACA marketplaces because of the prohibition on medical underwriting and limited variation in the policies and policy riders that can be offered . Higher enrollment also provides insurers more enrollees over which to split their fixed costs . The structure of the marketplaces , by presenting all insurance options to consumers on a single platform , should also somewhat reduce the need for marketing expenses and commissions paid to brokers . Evidence additionally suggests that the impositions of medical loss ratio minimums ( the percentage of revenue insurers must spend on enrollee health expenses ) and more prevalent rate review have had a small impact in lowering premiums . Programs that limit insurers ’ risk , such as reinsurance and risk corridors , also have the effect of keeping premiums down , although both are expiring after this year and Congress has restricted risk corridor payouts . Outlook for 2017 : Premiums Below What They Would Have Been Without The ACA This analysis finds that ACA marketplace premiums have been quite low to date . Indeed , it is likely that premiums through 2016 have been too low to be sustainable in many cases given the financial difficulties many insurers are having , whether the result of underestimating the cost of serving new populations , loss leader strategies to build a customer base , or other reasons . It is not surprising , then , that we are seeing higher premium increase requests for 2017 . Large premium increases for 2017 , if they do occur , would certainly be jarring to existing enrollees ( although federal premium subsidies would soften the impact for low - and middle - income consumers ) . However , even if ACA marketplace premiums grow significantly in 2017 , they will still be much lower than individual market premiums would have been in the absence of the ACA , on average , according to our analysis . This finding holds true under any reasonable set of assumptions about premium growth in the individual market in the counterfactual scenario that the For instance , this analysis indicates that had premiums grown at 5 percent annually after 2013 in the absence of the ACA , average individual market premiums in 2017 for a 70 percent actuarial value plan ( equivalent to “ silver ” level under the ACA ) would have been between 30 and 50 percent higher on average than actual ACA premiums will be in 2017 for the second - lowest cost silver plan – even if marketplace premiums increase by 10 percent next year . Put another way , ACA premiums would have to grow by more than 44 Exhibit 3 Similarly , average premiums in the individual market even for less robust coverage ( 60 percent vs . 70 percent actuarial value ) would have been between 12.5 and 28 percent higher than 2017 ACA premiums are set to be for the SLS plan if premiums grow by 10 percent next year . The low - end estimates above assume individual market premiums also grew at 5 percent annually from 2009 - 2013 , while the high - end estimate assumes they grew at the higher ASPE estimates during that period before slowing to 5 percent annual growth after 2013 . Lessons Learned The ACA marketplaces , though imperfect , represent a clear improvement over the unstructured , non - transparent individual health insurance market that existed beforehand . They have been quite successful in lowering premiums for consumers while simultaneously providing better insurance . While guaranteed issue , required essential benefits , and restrictions on medical underwriting undoubtedly pushed up premiums , aspects of the ACA that created a far more competitive individual insurance market appear to have more than offset those effects . As a result , individual market premiums in 2014 were lower than they were in 2013 and lower Experiences do differ widely across the nation , though , so consumers in some regions have fared more poorly and some markets suffer from minimal competition . The results of this analysis do not mean that no work remains . Health reform is an ongoing challenge , and there is still much room to increase the quality and competitiveness of marketplaces . | [
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http://healthandnutritiontips.net/kidney_lesion/kidney_lesion.html | Kidney Lesion Is A Kidney Lesion Something to Worry About ? Just hearing the term kidney lesion may be enough to strike fear into the hearts of many Americans . Unknown medical phrases like kidney lesion or spot on the kidney bring up unnerving pictures of tumors and cancer . Luckily , the medical technology of today has made it possible to thoroughly examine and diagnose spots or lesions found in the kidneys and in other areas of the body . And early diagnosis of most medical problems can lead to a positive outcome , even when the cause does turn out to be cancer . Kidney lesions are generally noticed during a routine CT scan , usually for some other problem . Pain from kidney stones or gallstones will often send the sufferer straight to the emergency room , where medical professionals will perform a number of scans to try and determine what is causing the pain . A scan will not always get a clear picture of the kidney spots or lesions , however , so the doctor may inform the patient that they may have a spot or a lesion but it can not be positively verified . It is not uncommon for The waiting game does not always bode well with a concerned patient , but lesions in the kidney are not always a cause for concern . In fact , something that appears to be a spot or lesion on the kidney can wind up to be just fatty tissue or scarring that will be perfectly harmless . This is why the doctor recommends a return visit – to keep an eye on the area and make sure it does not turn out to be something serious . Even if lesions or spots turn out to be a sign of a There is no certain evidence that lesions in the kidney are a sign of cancer . Still , if your doctor has concerns about something they have seen in a scan , it is a good idea to set up a follow - up examination . It is thought that kidney lesions may be a sign of a kidney problem known as nephrosis . This is an unusual illness that stems from a number of different symptoms and seems to be caused by excess protein in the kidneys . The extra protein could be an indicator that the kidney is having problems processing protein and other nutrients properly , which can be quite problematic since the function of the kidneys are vital to good health . It is the job of the kidneys to act as a filter for our bodies , absorbing nutrients from the foods we eat and liquids we drink , and processing these vital substances for use in our bodies . If the kidneys are not performing their filtering duties correctly , serious problems could result , not the least of which could be permanent damage to the kidneys . Sometimes nephrosis comes about suddenly and seems to be a temporarily affliction that goes away on its own over time . Other times the doctor will prescribe a course of treatment to help the kidney recover and return to normal functioning . As with any illness , it is vital to see a qualified medical professional for proper diagnosis . Serious illnesses should always be handled with a sound mind , by those who are trained in health care and healing . | [
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http://healthcare-economist.com/2008/01/07/a-study-in-quality-ambulatory-surgery-centers-vs-hospital-outpatient-departments/ | Hospitals A Study in Quality : Ambulatory Surgery Centers vs . Hospital Outpatient Departments January 7 , 2008 Jason Shafrin 1 Comment There has been a recent trend for more and more surgeries to take place in ambulatory surgery centers ( ASCs ) . In fact according to the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission , in 2004 up to 70 % of surgeries took place in these ASCs . Do ASCs offer better quality surgical procedures than Hospital Outpatient Departments ( HOPD ) ? ASCs may be an improvement over HOPDs because these centers preform a high volume of a few specific procedures which may increase quality . Further , ASCs often have newer equipments than hospitals . On the other hand HOPDs generally have more resources than ASC to deal with complications and economies of scope may help hospitals to provide more effective care . How do we find out which facility offers better quality ? This question seems easy to answer : find a quality metric and measure whether ASCs or HOPDs score higher . The problem is that physicians may choose to conduct surgery on healthier patients at the ASC and perform the surgery on sicker patients in the HOPD . This way , if there are complications from surgery on a relatively sicker individual , the hospital will have more capabilities to deal with the situation . This selection problem , however , can bias studies which simply compare the quality levels A study by Chukmaitov et al . ( HSR 2007 ) attempts to measure these quality differences using patient - level surgery data in Florida between 1997 and 2004 . The authors attempt to eliminate the selection bias using physician diagnoses ( i.e. : DRG / HCC methodology ) to quantify the ex - ante and ex - post health status of the patient . The key to this methodology is that the authors also have information on any of the patients ’ secondary diagnoses . With this data , the author do in fact find that HOPDs do have a sicker patient base . Thus , it is important for researchers to correct for this selection problem . Secondly , Chukmaitov and co - authors found that “ … neither organizational type ( ASCs or HOPDs ) performed better overall , there appear to be important differences in quality outcomes for certain procedures . These differences may be related to variations in organizational structures , processes , and strategies between ASCs and HOPDs . ” On problem with the study is that the authors use mortality as their quality metric . A more sensitive metric could better capture quality differences . Also , one may worry about the accuracy of the doctor diagnoses . HOPDs may be more sensitive to DRG creep than ASCs – or vice versa – and this may leaded to an incorrect selection correction methodology . Askar S . Chukmaitov , Nir Menachemi , L . Steven Brown , Charles Saunders , Robert G . Brooks “ Comparative Study of Quality Outcomes in Freestanding Ambulatory Surgery Centers and Hospital - Based Outpatient Departments : 1997 - 2004 Health Services Research ( OnlineEarly Articles ) . Surgery | [
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http://healthcare.findlaw.com/patient-rights/can-doctors-give-medical-information-to-others-without-permission.html | Can Doctors Share Patient Information Without Permission ? Information in medical records is considered highly private and sensitive . But are there ever instances where a doctor may share patient information without their permission ? It depends , but generally only under extraordinary circumstances . Medical ethics rules , state laws , and the federal law known as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act ( HIPAA ) , generally require doctors and their staff to keep patients ' medical records confidential unless the patient allows the doctor ' s office to disclose them . However , there are a variety of circumstances under which a doctor may share the information in medical records and personal medical information without permission from the patient . The following are some examples . The Doctor and / or Patient Needs Help If the patient has suffered some traumatic injury and can not make medical decisions for themselves , the doctor may discuss the patient ' s medical information with their next of kin . The family member will often need this information so they can make an informed decision about the next steps in medical treatment . If the patient has a living will or a healthcare power of attorney , the doctor may only discuss the patient ' s condition with the people named in those documents . Even in cases not involving traumatic injuries , HIPAA allows doctors to share patient information and records with other health care providers as necessary for their health and treatment . They may also discuss a patient ' s condition with family , relatives , and friends that the patient identifies as being involved in their healthcare ( unless the patient objects ) . However , health care providers generally ca n ' t share personal medical information and records with providers who are n ' t involved in the patient ' s care , unless all personal identifiable information is removed The Government Requires Patient Information The government and legal system usually respect patients ' privacy and do n ' t require doctors to disclose personal medical information . However , there are a few basic data points doctors must report . Doctors must file birth and death certificates . They must also report certain diseases they ' ve treated over a certain time period so that the government can monitor the nation ' s health , although these disclosures do n ' t usually include the patients ' names . Doctors can also use your health information if necessary to protect public health , such Doctors must also report suspected cases of child abuse , even when the child or parent do n ' t expressly authorize the disclosure . Similarly , if a doctor thinks their patient ' s mental state will cause them to be a danger to themselves or others , they may report this in order to prevent harm to others . The Patient Makes Their Health an Issue in Court If the patient brings a personal injury or workers ' compensation claim , in which his health is a major issue in the case , the doctor may come to court and testify about the patient ' s injuries . However , if the patient ' s health is not necessary to the case ' s resolution , the doctor usually can not be forced to testify Talk to an Attorney About Your Patient Information Medical privacy laws are varied and complex , particularly since they are addressed by both state and federal laws . If you ' re concerned that your doctor shared patient information without your permission , in an improper manner , you should consider speaking with an experienced health care attorney today . | [
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http://healthcare.utah.edu/urology/reconstructive-male/urethral-strictures/uretheral-surgery-urethroplasty.php | Urethroplasty On This Page What is a urethroplasty ? Find a Reconstructive Urologist How long will recovery take ? What is the follow - up after surgery ? What happens when strictures come back after surgery ? What is the success after urethroplasty ? Male Urethral Strictures Urethral Stricture Treatment After Radiation Urethral Surgery : Urethroplasty Our team of urologic specialists treat and manage all aspects of urethral diseases and conditions , including urethral strictures . Treatment for urethral strictures can include urethral surgery or urethroplasty . What is a urethroplasty ? Urethroplasty is a surgery where the urethra is reconstructed to cure problems like urethral strictures . The types of surgeries are varied and depend upon the location , cause , and length of the stricture . Most surgeries take between three to six hours to complete . An incision is made over the area of the stricture in the penis , scrotum , or perineum ( the area between the scrotum and the anus ) . After surgery , a urethral catheter is left in for two to four weeks depending upon the type of surgery that was performed . When patients return to clinic the bladder is filled with x - ray contrast and the catheter is gently removed . While x - rays are being taken , the patient voids and the area of the surgery is evaluated . If the area of surgery is healed , then the catheter is left out and patients begin to void normally . Find a Reconstructive Urologist By Name By Location Update Search How long will recovery take ? Recovery time depends a lot on the type of surgery that was performed . Typical patients will be in the hospital overnight after surgery . As soon as they can eat , walk , and care for their catheter they can leave the hospital . It is important to limit activities after urethroplasty until adequate healing has occurred . This means no heavy lifting , strenuous exercise , or work for at least two weeks . Generally , it is best if patients do not work while the catheter is in place , however , patients can start doing work that is not physical after 10 – 14 days . The catheter can be worn draining to a smaller bag that straps to the lower leg under a pair of pants . Wearing a catheter like this is unobtrusive and very manageable . What is the follow - up after surgery ? The follow - up after urethroplasty is very important ; this is because most urethral strictures recur within the first year or two after surgery . Patients are seen every three to six months in their first year after surgery . At the first appointment patients undergo cystoscopy of the urethra in the office and the urinary flow rate and residual urine is measured in our office . Cytoscopy is a scope exam of the urethra where a small scope is placed into the urethra from the penis , very similar to catheterization , and the area of the surgery is examined for recurrent strictures . The follow - up schedule is individualized depending upon the findings of these exams . What happens when strictures come back after surgery ? When strictures come back after surgery they often are thin and web - like . These strictures can cause obstruction but often can be treated internally by cutting the stricture with a scope procedure . This is not similar to the initial stricture that often has too much scarring to respond long - term to an internal cutting procedure . Some strictures are too dense and do not respond to internal cutting and the patient may need further surgery . What is the success after urethroplasty ? Different surgeries have different success rates . Generally , strictures can be resolved in 75 – 85 percent of cases . If strictures come back , only about one half cause symptoms . In other words if a stricture comes back , it has to be very tight to cause blockage of urinary flow , just like the original stricture . If patients have symptoms , then an internal cutting surgery with a scope is usually tried ( direct vision internal urethrotomy ) . If this does n ’ t work , then patients may need additional surgery , which is a rare circumstance . | [
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http://healthcareers.about.com/od/educationtraining/p/Types-Of-Nursing-Degrees.htm | For Healthcare Professionals Healthcare Compensation Training & Education Types of Nursing Degrees From Associate ' s Degree to Doctorate Print By Andrea Clement Santiago Updated December 02 , 2018 Just as there are many different types of nurses , there are also many different types of nursing degrees . If you want to become a nurse , you need to determine which nursing degree is required for the nurse career you want . Learn more about the types of nursing degrees available and where to obtain the degree you need for your future nursing career . Taken in a large group , nurses can best be categorized according to their industry licensure and any further specialized credentials . These categories often denote a particular degree level attained , type of work environment , and even salary range . Associate ' s Degree in Nursing ( ADN ) An associate ' s degree in nursing is a two - year degree that is obtained from a community college or vocational school . An associate ' s degree is the minimum requirement to become a registered nurse ; however , be advised that many employers are requiring a bachelor ' s degree for many RN nursing roles . Bachelor of Science in Nursing ( BSN ) A bachelor of science in nursing ( BSN ) is required for many , but not all , nursing careers . A BSN , like most bachelor ' s degrees , is typically a four - year degree from a university or college . Like most other nursing degrees , a bachelor of science in nursing combines classroom learning with hands - on training called clinicals which allow students to obtain first - hand experience working with patients in a clinical setting . A BSN should be obtained from an accredited nursing program . Master ' s of Science in Nursing ( MSN ) Degree You must have a bachelor ' s degree in nursing or related field in order to obtain your MSN unless you opt for one of the combined bachelor ' s / master ' s programs . A master ' s degree in nursing is required to become an advanced practice nurse ( APN or APRN ) . Advanced practice nurses have more clinical authority and autonomy , and typically earn more than " regular " registered nurses . Some master ' s nursing programs may have a special focus or " track " for certain medical specialties or types of nursing , such as a focus on forensic nursing or a clinical nurse specialist track . A specialized master ' s degree is also required to become a mid - level provider , such as a nurse practitioner ( NP ) or certified registered nurse anesthetist ( CRNA ) . Master ' s degrees are typically one to two years of additional coursework that you can obtain while employed as a nurse . Sometimes your employer will help pay for your master ' s degree in nursing if you commit to working for a number of years into the future . An MSN must also be completed from an accredited nursing program . Doctorate Degrees in Nursing The highest degree one can earn in nursing is a doctorate level degree . You must first have a bachelor ' s and then a master ' s degree before completing the doctorate degree in nursing and becoming what some refer to as Doctor Nurse . There are two types of doctorates in nursing : a Doctor of Nursing Practice ( DNP ) which focuses on the clinical aspects of nursing and a Doctor of Nursing Science ( DNSc , also a DSN or DNS ) . The latter is the more common choice for those who wish to be professors at nursing programs or researchers . Was this page helpful ? | [
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http://healthcareers.about.com/od/nursingcareers/a/LVN.htm | For Healthcare Professionals Healthcare Compensation Training & Education How to Become An LVN or Licensed Vocational Nurse Print By Andrea Clement Santiago Updated November 29 , 2018 Hero Images / Hero Images / Getty Images What is an LVN ? An LVN is a licensed vocational nurse , also known as an LPN ( licensed practical nurse ) . Becoming an LVN is one of the quickest ways to become a nurse , as there is not as extensive an amount of education required for most other types of nurses such as registered nurses ( RN ) or advanced practice nurses Duties People in this role must be very compassionate and patient , and be excellent caregivers . LVNs and LPNs perform a variety of patient care tasks including feeding and bathing , giving injections , collecting samples for lab tests , monitoring patients and medical equipment , and dressing wounds . They also gather information from patients and record it , such as vital signs and any symptoms described by the patient . Educational Requirements To become an LVN , you must have a high school diploma or equivalent such as a GED . After completing your high school education , one must complete a one - year training and education program which may be offered by a community college or vocational school . The program includes classroom instruction and some hands - on training working with patients . Upon successful completion of the LPN / LVN training program , one must become licensed by passing the licensure exam for LPNs - the NCLEX - PN , which is given by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing . According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics ( BLS ) , the exam covers four areas : safe and effective care environment , health promotion and maintenance , psychosocial integrity , and physiological integrity . Requirements for licensure and acceptance into a training program vary by state , so check with your state ' s local nursing board for more specifics . Compensation According to the BLS , the median ( mid - point ) annual income for LVN / LPNs is $ 39,030 as of 2008 . Job Outlook The job outlook for LPNs / LVNs is excellent . According to the BLS , there will be 21 % growth in this field with the addition of over 150,000 new jobs during the ten year period ending in 2018 . Therefore , LPNs / LVNs will be one of the most in - demand careers , and among the top six fastest growing health careers . Was this page helpful ? | [
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http://healthcarenewsblog.com/cotton-nylon-silk-underwear-cause-yeast-infection/ | Does Cotton , Nylon , Silk Underwear Cause Yeast Infection ? By : Helen Zachary On : June 10 , 2014 In : Daily Health FAQ Are you wondering whether your underwear is causing yeast infection ? Well , if you are having a challenge preventing yeast infection in your Favorite Area Down Under ( hehehe ) , here are some pointers which we hope can help you : 1 . The bacteria that causes yeast infection , Candida albicans , are – in small amounts – normally present in our crotch area . Your goal is to keep the level of bacteria low and to prevent them from multiplying because if they “ overgrow ” , you ’ ll end up with a full blown case of yeast infection . From thedoctorstv . com : “ There ’ s a very delicate balance between the yeast and the good bacteria , ” gastroenterologist Dr . Roshini Raj says . “ If anything throws off that balance — and often it ’ s something like antibiotics , or if they ’ re taking a medication like steroids — then the yeast has a chance to really overgrow . ” 2 . A breathable , airy environment in your Favorite Area Down Under ( yeah , we ’ re sticking with this term ) helps prevent the growth of Candida albicans . How do you arrive at a “ breathable , airy environment ” ? By wearing cotton underwear instead of those made of nylon or silk . So to answer the title of this blog post , yes nylon and silk underwear contributes to yeast infection . In contrast , cotton underwear does not 3 . You should also avoid tight trousers , spandex pants , pantyhose with a nylon crotch , or undergarments made from synthetic fabric . More tips from Michigan State University ( msu . edu ) : … crotch yeasties flourish in non - cotton , tight , or dirty clothes that trap heat and moisture . No doubt Xena , Warrior Princess , gets infections all the time from that leather underwear . Your absolutely best bet is to wear a skirt with no underwear or tights , and definitely avoid pantyhose . If you ’ ve ever had an urge to go for that sexy thigh - high stocking look but have been too shy , here ’ s the excuse you ’ ve been looking for . And if you do wear underwear , unbleached , undyed cotton underwear and breathable clothes . It ’ s a good idea to change your underpants regularly , like maybe once a day . 4 . Both men and women can suffer from yeast infection . What are the symptoms ? Here are things you should look out for according to the San Francisco City Clinic : Women : • White , “ cottage cheese ” discharge from the vagina . • Severe itching around the vagina . • Burning sensation with sex or with urination . Men : Sometimes , men may get yeast under the foreskin or on the tip of the penis . This can be caused by hot weather , underwear that is too tight , spandex pants or nylon underwear . 5 . Oh wait , leather underwear may look fabulous on you but leather undies trap the heat and moisture in your crotch area and are thus good breeding grounds of the bacteria that causes yeast infection . So if you want to be healthy down there , you should avoid , avoid , avoid leather underwear ! ! ! That ’ s your Daily Health Tip of the Day ! Previous Post : Is HBOT a Scam ? Proven Effectiveness of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Next Post : Diet Pill for Children and Teens : Is Xenical Good or Bad ? | [
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http://healthcarenewsblog.com/does-your-tea-have-pesticides/ | Does Your Tea Have Pesticides ? By : Helen Zachary On : April 28 , 2012 In : Is it Safe | Food Drug Medicine Safety Does Your Tea Have Pesticides ? Greenpeace finds banned pesticides in major Chinese tea brands . Is drinking tea good for you ? Yes and no , depending on many factors . Drinking three or more cups of tea a day is just as good as drinking plenty of water — and the flavonoids tea contains helps protect drinkers against heart disease and some cancers . The polyphenol antioxidants found in tea leaves have been shown to prevent cell damage . Other health benefits include protection against tooth plaque and the strengthening of bones . That ’ s what British nutritionists from the Kings College London said in a 2006 study published in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition . The work , which was funded by the United Kingdom ’ s Tea Council , also dispelled the common belief that tea dehydrates . The British researchers said the amount of caffeine contained in even four cups of tea is n ’ t enough to cause dehydration — and tea actually rehydrates as well as water does . So tea is good for you . And it should be more so , if it ’ s bought from China , the main source and world ’ s biggest tea producer , right ? No , Greenpeace says in a statement on April 11 . That ’ s because there ’ s pesticides in that tea . The international environmental organization says it has detected pesticides banned from use in tea in products made by major Chinese brands — including Tenfu ’ s Teas , Zhang Yiyuan , Wuyutai and China Tea King . The pesticides it found in Chinese tea were banned because these could affect fertility and cause permanent genetic damage , Greenpeace says . The group bought 18 products from nine Chinese tea companies in the major cities of Beijing , Chengdu and Haikou , representing north , west and south China , respectively . Seven of those firms are among China ’ s top 10 tea sellers . The tea products included green tea , oolong tea and jasmine tea . After sending the teas for testing in an accredited lab , Greenpeace found that 12 of the 18 samples contained at least one pesticide banned from use in tea — including methomyl and endosulfan . The World Health Organization ( WHO ) classifies methomyl as highly hazardous because of its high acute toxicity . Endosulfan is another highly toxic pesticide . Because it bioaccumulates , its toxic effects persist in the body for a long time — that ’ s why it ’ s been banned worldwide under the Stockholm Convention . Specifically , this is what the Greenpeace investigators found : • Even some of the most famous and expensive teas sold under popular brands — like Wuyutai , Tenfu and Eight Horses — contained pesticides that are banned in China or even worldwide . • 18 samples contained at least three pesticides . • 14 out of 18 teas tested contain the kind of pesticides that may affect fertility , harm an unborn child or cause heritable genetic damage . • 11 of the samples — including Tenfu ’ s Bi Luo Chun tea and jasmine tea produced by Zhang Yiyuan and Wuyutai — contain both methomyl and endosulfan . • Richun ’ s Tieguanyin 803 tea – even showed up with 17 different kinds of pesticides “ You do n ’ t know how many people — and for how long — have unknowingly been drinking toxic pesticides in their tea , ” Wang Jing , a food and agriculture campaigner with Greenpeace , said in a statement sent to the Financial Times . Here ’ s the number of different kinds of pesticides found on each of the 18 samples : 1 . Richun 803 Tieguanyin Tea , 17 2 . Richun 802 Tieguanyin Tea , 15 3 . Eight Horses Qiangxin Tianhan Tieguanyin Tea , 14 4 . Richun 805 Tieguanyin Tea , 13 5 . Eight Horses Jasmine Tea , 11 6 . Tenfu ’ s Famous Bi Luo Chun Tea , 11 7 . Zhu Ye Qing Best Quality Tea , 8 8 . Zhu Ye Qing Tea , 8 9 . Zhuang Yiyuan Jasmine Cloud Tea , 8 10 . Zhang Yiyuan Lion Peak Dragon Well Tea , 5 11 . Wuyutai Jasmine Zhenluo Tea , 5 12 . China Tea King Dragon Well Tea , 5 13 . China Tea Jasmine Tea , 5 14 . China Tea King Guapian tea , 5 15 . Hainan State Farms Baisha Green Tea , 4 16 . China Tea West Lake Dragon Well Tea , 4 17 . Tenfu ’ s Famous Dragon Well Tea , 3 18 . Wuyutai West Lake Dragon Well Tea , 3 Greenpeace called on China ’ s tea companies to : • Stop the use of highly toxic pesticides altogether . • Drastically reduce the use of pesticides . • Establish an effective traceability and supply chain control system that ensures the reduction of pesticide use and its compliance with the law . “ We can only say that these tea companies — despite having the responsibility and the ability to create an effective traceability and supply chain control system , and to manage from the sourcing stage what pesticides and how much to use – they have simply neglected the health demand of consumers . They do n ’ t bear the corporate responsibility of protecting consumers ’ health and our environment , ” Greenpeace said . The Greenpeace report is just the latest in a string of food safety scandals to hit China ’ s tea sector , the Financial Times reports . Late last year , Unilever recalled a batch of Lipton ’ s “ Iron Buddha ” tea because it contained excessive levels of rare earths . Earlier , a check of oolong tea brands by the Chinese government found that 19 out of 58 brands tested failed to meet standards — including Lipton ’ s “ Iron Buddha . ” Meanwhile , the tea companies have denied Greenpeace ’ s accusation . “ China Tea King has its own farms , factories and line of stores , ” China Tea King ’ s general manager for Beijing said . “ So from the sourcing stage we teach the farmers how to plant and how to fertilize . And our factories carry out routine checks , including checking through machines if the fresh tea leaves harvested pass standards , ” he told the New York - based Chinese - language broadcaster New Tang Dynasty Television . RELATED READINGS : Are Strawberries With Methyl Iodide Safe to Eat ? Hidden Chemicals in Cigarettes Are China ’ s Jerky Treats Safe for Your Pets Previous Post : Can Addicts Be Cured ? Try Memory Editing Next Post : Chin Surgery Benefits & Side Effects | [
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http://healthcenter.indiana.edu/answers/warts.shtml | About Medical & Ancillary Services Meet our Medical Staff Counseling Wellness Events Find People Privacy Policy Notice of Privacy Practices Portal Login : login Request your account . | | | How to use . Get Health Answers IU Health Center Get Health Answers Warts Warts What are warts ? Most people have had a wart on their body at some time in their life . Warts are harmless , but most people do n ’ t like the way they look . Warts are extra layers of skin caused by the human papilloma virus ( HPV ) family . The virus is spread by skin - to - skin contact . Only certain types of HPV cause genital warts and cervical problems . There are more than 150 specific types of HPV ; most of them cause the harmless but unsightly warts on other ( non - genital ) What are the different types of warts ? Common warts : Where : Usually on fingers , hands , knees and elbows . What they look like : small hard bumps , darker than other skin , top is rough like cauliflower with black or red - brown dots inside . Plantar warts : Where : on the bottom ( plantar ) surface of the foot . What they look like : might appear to be a callous , but grow larger than normal and eventually feel similar to walking on small rocks . Looks like a common wart . Filiform warts : Where : often on eyelids , nose or around the mouth . What they look like : finger - like in shape , skin - colored . Flat warts : Where : in groups on arms , hands , knees , abdomen or back . What they look like : pinhead sized ; flat topped ; smoother surface ( than other warts ) ; pink , tan or yellow in color . How can warts be prevented ? It is easier to catch the virus that causes warts ( HPV ) when you have a cut or scrape on your skin . Ragged cuticles from dry skin , nail biting or small cuts on hands and feet allow the virus a way into the body . You can get warts from touching a wart on someone ’ s body . Some people get a wart after touching something that another person ’ s wart touched , such as a towel . Using slippers or other footwear in public showers may cut down on the chance of transmission . How long does it take before warts appear after exposure to the virus ? Depending on the health of the immune system that helps fight disease , a person may or may not develop a wart after exposure to HPV . Warts grow slowly , often taking weeks or months to grow to a noticeable size . Most people have been exposed to many strains of non - genital HPV in their childhood . Sometimes the stresses of college suppress the immune system ’ s ability to keep the virus under control , and a wart may develop many years after initial exposure to the virus . What are those little black dots in the wart ? Many people believe the black dots are the “ seeds of the wart ” . This is not true . The black or red - brown dots , that are sometimes visible in the wart , are smothered capillaries ( the tiny blood vessels that turn fingertips back to pink after pressure is applied ) . As the wart virus causes layers of extra skin to pile up , the capillaries get “ smothered ” and die , leaving the black dots . Digging out the black dots will only cause injury . How do you treat warts ? About 66 % of warts will go away on their own within 2 - 3 years . If you are impatient , or they are uncomfortable , there are many ways to treat them . There is about a 30 % rate of treatment failure with any type of treatment . Treatment causes surface irritation to the skin to stimulate an immune system response to the virus that is causing the wart . Maintaining general good health helps the immune system to function better . Over the counter treatments containing salicylic acid ( Compound W , etc . ) , when used properly , can be effective . Soaking the wart area in warm water for 10 - 20 minutes before treatment and using a pumice stone or nail file to remove the excess rough skin in between treatments allows the medication to be more effectively absorbed . Covering a wart with a small piece of duct tape may help get rid of it although this can take up to 6 weeks . There is lack of agreement about the efficacy of duct tape in the limited studies that have been done . Office therapies : Cryotherapy ( freezing the wart with liquid nitrogen ) typically takes two to four treatments which are administered every one to three weeks . Treatments may cause some discomfort but are not usually painful . Some dermatologists use electrosurgery ( burning ) , chemical peels , injections , and laser therapy . In some cases the wart may be cut out - - this is a more drastic treatment and leaves a scar . Some warts are resistant to treatment , and no treatment at this time kills the virus that causes common and plantar warts . If you ’ re not sure whether you have a wart or some other skin problem , it ’ s always a good idea to ask your health care provider for an expert opinion . You can search the “ Up to Date ” resource on our website to see pictures of warts . For further questions or for wart treatment , please make an appointment with an IU Health Center provider by calling ( 812 ) 855 - 7688 . For questions about genital warts and HPV as it relates to sexually transmitted infections , see http : / / healthcenter . indiana . edu / answers / hpv . shtml | [
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http://healthcoverageguide.org/affordable-care-act/small-business-tax-credit/calculating-number-of-employees-average-annual-wages/ | You are here : Home Affordable Care Act Small Business Tax Credit Calculating number of employees , average annual wages Calculating number of employees , average annual wages Can an employer with 25 or more employees qualify for the tax credit if some of its employees are part - time ? Are seasonal workers counted in determining FTEs and average annual wages ? Does the owner of a business count as an employee for purposes of the tax credit if s / he also provides services ? Do family members of a business owner who work for the company count as employees ? How are annual average wages determined ? How is the tax credit calculated for employers with more than 10 FTEs and / or average annual wages over $ 25,000 ? Other Resources Tax and Business Resources How is the number of employees determined for eligibility ? Only employers with fewer than 25 FTEs are eligible for the tax credit ; the full credit goes to employers with 10 or fewer full - time equivalent employees ( FTEs ) . Employers may choose to count hours in one of three different ways , to maximize the credit and minimize their bookkeeping burden . These include : Actual hours of service : Divide the total hours for which the employer pays wages to the employees during a taxable year by 2,080 . No more than 2,080 hours ( equivalent to a 40 - hour work week ) should be counted for any employee . Estimate hours based on total days of service Estimate hours based on total weeks of service Example For the 2010 tax year , an employer pays 5 employees wages for 2,080 hours each , 3 employees wages for 1,040 hours each , and 1 employee wages for 2,300 hours . The employer ’ s FTEs would be calculated as follows : 1 ) Total hours ( not exceeding 2,080 per employee ) is the sum of : a . 10,400 hours for the 5 employees paid for 2,080 hours each ( 5 X 2,080 ) b . 3,120 hours for the 3 employees paid for 1,040 hours each ( 3 X 1,040 ) c . 2,080 hours for the 1 employee paid for 2,300 hours ( hours limited to 2,080 ) Total : 15,600 hours 2 ) FTEs : 7 ( 15,600 divided by 2,080 ) = 7.5 , rounded down to the next - lowest whole number ) . Can an employer with 25 or more employees qualify for the tax credit if some of its employees are part - time ? Yes . The limit on the number of employees applies only to FTEs . Full - time employees are those who work 30 hours or more ; part - time employees work less than 30 hours per week , figured on a monthly basis . This takes weekly fluctuations into account . Example An employer with 46 half - time employees has 23 FTEs and may qualify for the credit . Are seasonal workers counted in determining FTEs and average annual wages ? Generally , no . They are only counted for FTE equivalents and average annual wages if they work for the employer more than 120 days during the tax year . Does the owner of a business count as an employee for purposes of the tax credit if s / he also provides services ? Do family members of a business owner who work for the company count as employees ? An owner is not counted if s / he is a sole proprietor , a partner in a partnership , a shareholder owning more than 2 % of an S corporation or an owner of more than 5 % of other businesses . Family members are not counted if they are children or grandchildren ; siblings or step - siblings ; parents or grandparents ; step - parents ; nieces or nephews ; aunts or uncles ; sons - or daughters - in - law ; fathers - or mothers - in - law ; or brothers - or sisters - in - law . This means their hours and wages do not apply to the FTE count , the amount of average annual wages or the amount of premium costs paid . How are annual average wages determined ? Average annual wages are calculated by dividing total wages paid by the employer to employees during a taxable year ( box 5 of W - 2 wages ) by the number of FTEs for the year . The result is rounded down to the nearest $ 1,000 . For the tax year 2010 , an employer pays $ 224,000 in wages and has 10 FTEs . The employer ’ s annual average wage would be : $ 22,000 ( $ 224,000 divided by 10 = $ 22,400 , rounded down to the nearest $ 1,000 ) . How is the tax credit calculated for employers with more than 10 FTEs and / or average annual wages over $ 25,000 ? As long as the employer has fewer than 25 FTEs and pays annual average wages under $ 50,000 ( and meets other specified requirements ) they are eligible for a tax credit on a sliding scale basis . A standard formula is used to reduce the full tax credit . If there are more than 10 FTEs : The reduction is determined by multiplying the full credit amount by a fraction : the numerator is the number of FTEs over 10 and the denominator is 15 . If average annual wages exceed $ 25,000 : The reduction is determined by multiplying the full credit amount by a fraction : the numerator is the amount by which average annual wages exceed $ 25,000 and the denominator is $ 25,000 . The amount calculated using the formula above is then subtracted from the full tax credit to determine the final credit the employer qualifies for . If the employer has both more than 10 FTEs and average annual wages over $ 25,000 , the credit is determined by adding both reduction amounts together and subtracting that sum from the full credit amount . Calculating the sliding - scale tax credit For the 2010 tax year , a qualified employer has 12 FTEs and average annual wages of $ 30,000 . The employer pays $ 96,000 in healthcare premiums for those employees ( which does not exceed the benchmark premium ) and otherwise meets the requirements for the credit . The credit is calculated as follows : Initial amount of credit determined before any reduction : ( 35 % X $ 96,000 ) = $ 33,600 Credit reduction for FTEs in excess of 10 : ( $ 33,600 X 2 / 15 ) = $ 4,480 Credit reduction for average annual wages over $ 25,000 : ( $ 33,600 X $ 5,000 / $ 25,000 ) = $ 6,720 Total credit reduction : ( $ 4,480 + $ 6,720 ) = $ 11,200 Total 2010 tax credit : ( $ 33,600 – $ 11,200 ) = $ 22,400 . Previous : Calculating the tax credit Next : How to claim the tax credit | [
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http://healthcoverageguide.org/part-one/group-coverage-basics/ | You are here : Home Part One : Getting Started Group Coverage Basics Group Coverage Basics What Is Group Coverage ? Is Insurance Required ? Is Your Business Eligible for Group Coverage ? Who Is Eligible for Coverage ? What Do Employers Have to Pay ? Buying insurance for your small business ( group coverage ) has different rules than buying just for yourself or your family ( individual coverage ) . Below , we outline the basics behind group coverage . What Is Group Coverage ? Group medical coverage refers to a single policy issued to a group ( typically a business with employees , although there are other kinds of groups that can get coverage ) that covers all eligible employees and sometimes their dependents . Individual medical coverage , on the other hand , is a single policy issued to a single person or family . The rules are quite different for group coverage versus individual coverage , in large part because the insurer ’ s risk is calculated differently . With individual coverage , the insurer has historically based its premium rates ( or denied coverage ) on the detailed medical history of the person or family . ( The Affordable Care Act brought important changes to the individual market , including eliminating the ability of insurers to deny coverage based on preexisting conditions . ) With groups such as small businesses , the insurer determines a premium price based on risk factors balanced over the entire group , using general information on members of the group , such as age or gender . Insurers are required by law to offer coverage to small groups . Is Insurance Required ? While there is no law requiring small business owners to provide health insurance , the Affordable Care Act makes substantial changes that small business owners should be aware of when deciding whether to purchase insurance for their employees . If you do choose to offer coverage , there are regulations you will have to follow — the most important of which we explain on this site . Though large companies may face penalties if they do not offer coverage under the Affordable Care Act , small businesses with fewer than 50 full - time - equivalent employees will not be penalized if they do not provide coverage . If you have at least 50 full - time - equivalent employees but none receive an individual premium tax credit or cost - sharing reductions ( both based on income ) , there ’ s no penalty — whether or not you offer health insurance . To learn more about what the Affordable Care Act requires of small business and to find out how penalties are calculated see “ Shared Responsibility Requirement . ” Is Your Business Eligible for Group Coverage ? Under federal law , small employers are guaranteed group coverage should they choose to purchase it , regardless of the employees ’ health status . A “ small employer ” is defined as a business with 2 to 50 full - time employees . Owners are generally counted as employees , so sole proprietorships with one employee usually fall into this category , as do partnerships without any employees ( by definition partnerships have two or more partners ) . Some states define the self - employed as “ groups of one ” and require insurers to guarantee issue them Who Is Eligible for Coverage ? The general rule is that if an employer offers group health coverage to any full - time employees , the employer must offer coverage to all full - time employees . The employer has the option to offer coverage to part - time employees ( defined as those working fewer than 30 hours per week ) . If the employer offers coverage to any part - time employees , all of them must be offered coverage . These rules apply regardless of the medical condition of the employees . In other words , any eligible employee ca n ’ t be denied coverage based on previous medical problems , known as preexisting conditions . In addition , any dependents of eligible employees are generally eligible for coverage under a group plan . Dependents include spouses , children , and in some cases , unmarried domestic partners . Dependents can not enroll for coverage unless the employee has enrolled . Under the Affordable Care Act , group insurance plans are required to extend coverage to adult dependents through age 26 . We ’ ll cover more essential details in Part Two : Getting Covered . See “ Eligible Employees and Dependents ” for more information on eligibility rules . What Do Employers Have to Pay ? Some employers who decide to offer coverage choose to pay the full premium , while others require employees to pay a portion . When considering what portion of the premium to pay , employers should be aware that the Affordable Care Act offers small businesses tax credits to help offset the cost of insurance . The small business healthcare tax credits have been available since the 2010 tax year , with significant changes implemented in 2014 . To qualify for a tax credit of up to 50 % of premium expenses for any two years , small business owners must pay at least half of employees ’ healthcare premiums and have fewer than 25 full - time - equivalent employees who earn an average of $ 50,000 or less per year . Talk with a broker or agent to find out about all your options on premium costs . To see whether you qualify for the tax credit and to find out how it is calculated , visit “ Small Business Tax Credit ” . Previous : Part One : Getting Started Next : Reasons to Purchase Group Coverage | [
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http://healthfixit.com/vasoconstriction/ | Home Diseases and Conditions Vasoconstriction Vasoconstriction What is vasoconstriction ? It is the narrowing of the blood vessels as the muscular walls of the vessels contract . Vasoconstriction and vasodilation are two different things , although a lot of people used them interchangeably . Vasodilation is the widening of the blood vessels . It is the opposite of vasoconstriction . It is useful in many circumstances . Vasoconstriction helps stop haemorrhage and prevent acute blood loss . A narrow blood vessel means the blood flow is restricted . There are events where vasoconstriction is helpful , but there are also times when it has negative effect to the body . 1 , 2 Vasoconstriction Symptoms Numbness and tingling sensation Cramps Headache Noticeable change in skin color High blood pressure Imbalance Double vision Loss of muscle control and / or muscular paralysis Slurred speech 2 Image 1 : A comparison image of a constricted blood vessels and dilated blood vessels Picture Source : www . physicool . co . uk Picture 2 : An image of a blood vessel . Photo Source : 1 . bp . blogspot . com Figure 3 : Vasoconstriction in the form of cold therapy which is significantly useful for athletes Image Source : www . therapypoints . com What causes vasoconstriction ? Vasoconstriction causes are vast . Vasoconstriction and blood pressure are very much related . As the blood vessels constrict , the normal flow of blood will be altered , which leads to blood pressure spike . If the blood vessels keep on constricting , it could lead to chronic high blood pressure , which puts the patient at risk for heart attack and stroke . Vasoconstriction causes include the following : 3 Caffeinated foods and drinks – The usual foods that you eat on a day to day basis can actually cause narrowing of the blood vessels . Examples are coffee , tea , soda , energy drink , and chocolates . Too much consumption of these foods can trigger vasoconstriction . 3 Salty foods – Sodium leads to water retention , which in turn increases the volume of blood and constricts the vessels . Those people with high salty diet are prone to vasoconstriction , which could lead to chronic hypertension . Reduce you sodium intake by eating real foods and not the ones you buy from fast food chains . Eat processed foods in moderation . Examples are canned soup , pizza , fries , frozen dinners , and canned corned beef and meat loaf . Some condiments and breakfast cereals may have a high sodium level too . 4 Bad cholesterol – Stay away from foods containing saturated fat and trans fat . They contain bad cholesterol and they have a negative effect to blood circulation and heart health . To prevent vasoconstriction , you should choose foods with healthy cholesterol . Sources of good cholesterol include fish like salmon and trout , edible seeds and nuts , soybean oil , avocado , canola oil , and shellfish . Refined carbohydrates – An intake of food that can rapidly raise the glucose level of the body can cause vasoconstriction . Examples are white bread and white pasta . Refined carbs alone are not the exact cause of vasoconstriction , but they can aggravate the condition . If you are a heavy coffee drinker and you indulge in refined carbs , bad cholesterol , and unhealthy foods , then it makes you susceptible to vasoconstriction . Sedentary lifestyle – Vices like chronic smoking and excessive alcohol drinking can put you at risk for vasoconstriction . The same thing goes for substance abuse like cocaine , nicotine , and stimulants . 4 , 5 Side effects of medicines – Some drugs cause the blood vessels to constrict . Vasoconstrictor drugs include decongestants , epinephrine , norepinephrine , vasopressin , phenylephrine , and pseudoephedrine . 5 What is peripheral vasoconstriction ? It is the physiologic response of the body . It allows the body to retain core heat longer , which is very helpful in case of hypothermia . The skin acts as insulating layer between the body organs and the water . Of all parts of the body , only the head is not affected by peripheral vasoconstriction . In other words , you are more likely to lose body heat in the head , neck , and upper chest area . 6 What is hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction ? It is the response of the smooth muscles of the pulmonary artery . It resulted in a reduced flow of blood in the presence of a reduced alveolar oxygen pressure . This mechanism helps maintain a normal V / Q relationships by simply directing the blood from under ventilated areas . It is also known as von Euler - Liljestrand mechanism . An impaired hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction could lead to hypoxemia ( low concentration of oxygen in the blood ) . Vasoconstriction in sport Vasoconstriction is useful in promoting healing in sports - related injury . Cold therapy is used in relieving pain in the injured muscles . It causes vasoconstriction on the injury site . It reduces swelling and bleeding . As the blood vessels constrict , the metabolism slows down , which leads to less cellular death and speedy recovery . Vasoconstriction thermoregulation is useful in athletes competing in a cold environment such as ice skaters , cross country skiers , and speed skaters . If the body is exposed in a cold environment , it will constrict the blood vessels to keep the core temperature of the body . 6 , 7 How to treat vasoconstriction ? Once you notice the early sign of vasoconstriction , you need to treat it right away . Vasoconstriction treatment should focus on the root cause of the problem . Vasoconstriction constricts the blood vessels , which decreases the flow of blood . Hence , the goal of the treatment is to dilate the vessels . Medicines that widen the blood vessels include calcium channel blockers and alpha adrenoceptor antagonists . Aside from these drugs , there are natural ways to widen the blood vessels and promote proper blood circulation . Examples are cardiovascular exercises , limiting the exposure to stress and cold , and avoiding caffeinated beverages and nicotine . 8 , 9 , 10 It is a must to treat the underlying condition . If you are suffering from peripheral artery disease , there is a tendency that the blood vessels constrict . To widen the blood vessel , the doctor usually prescribe statins . If you experience any of the symptoms mentioned above , you can somehow relieve the symptoms by massaging the affected area for about 10 minutes . By simply massaging the area , you will be able to increase the flow of blood will temporarily reverse the effect of vasoconstriction . You should keep your body healthy at all times . Eat a well - balanced meal , keep your weight within normal range , and get plenty of sleep . 10 References : https : / / en . wikipedia . org www . medicinenet . com diseasespictures . com www . normalbreathing . com www . ncbi . nlm . nih . gov www . reference . com www . rightdiagnosis . com erj . ersjournals . com www . phaonlineuniv . org www . sciencedirect . com Published by Dr . Jackie Te RN , MD under Diseases and Conditions Article was last reviewed on August 6th , 2018 . Neuritis Saddle Joint | [
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http://healthfoxx.com/adnexal-cyst-location-symptoms-diagnosis-types/ | Home Diseases & Conditions Adnexal Cyst – Location , Symptoms , Diagnosis , Types Adnexal Cyst – Location , Symptoms , Diagnosis , Types IN THIS ARTICLE : What is Adnexal cyst ? Adnexal Cyst Symptoms Adnexal Cyst Types Adnexal Cyst Diagnosis Adnexal Cyst Treatment What is Adnexal cyst ? Adnexal cyst happens to women . Anatomically speaking , Adnexa lie adjacently to the woman ’ s uterus and it comprises the fallopian tubes and ovaries that are associated with ligaments , connective tissues , blood vessels and the like . According to statistics , the Adnexal cyst can be found in women in variety of ages . They become malignant at a young age of 15 years old . This kind of cysts is called functional cysts which disappear by their own . Occasionally , no treatment is given . This is a pathological case that affects the Adnexa which may start from the person ’ s retroperitoneum , bowel or uterus . Other research suggests that it may be brought about by a result of a disease that is metastatic in nature which may start from other body sites Adnexal cysts refer to cystic or solid collection that can come from the tubes or the ovaries . It is sometimes interchanged with Adnexal mass . A vast majority of the persons or women who are at the age 40 and above have a higher chance of leading into ovarian cancer . An Adnexal Cyst on the ovaries Adnexal Cyst Symptoms Some of the women who have Adnexal cyst encounter no symptoms . Most often , women do not even know that they have this kind of condition . They often accidentally find it out due to routine gynecological tests . Depending on the etiological reasons why Adnexal cysts happen , the symptoms that most women reports are as follows : Distention of the abdominal region The distention of the abdominal region happens when the person experiences a continual growth of the masses in her ovaries . What happens is that the cyst becomes large enough to move out of the person ’ s pelvis which leads to the distention in the mid and upper region of the person ’ s abdomen . When this happens , the cysts becomes noticeably seen and felt by the person herself . Pain Pain is felt from the benign kind of cyst which results from the increase size of the cyst itself . As the cysts become enlarge , the capsule of the ovaries becomes distended and when it distends it leads to stretching of the ovaries which will cause great pain on the woman herself . However , the rupture of the cysts occurs rarely but it can happen and it can also cause a great deal of pain . Pressure in the pelvic region Because of the growth of the cysts , it will push the pelvic structure down creating a sensation of pressure in the pelvic region which can be described as a dull pressure that is continuously felt in the lower back or pelvis . Back pain The woman will experience back pain as the cyst will grow out of the proportion . Constipation Due to the enlargement of the cyst , there is a possibility that the cyst will become large enough to block the passage of stool leading to constipation symptom . Frequency in urination The enlargement of the cyst will lead to the compression of the bladder which will lead to the frequency in urination episodes . Irregularity in menstruation Since the Adnexal cyst happens in the ovaries , the menstruation cycle is affected leading to the irregularity of the women ’ s menstruation . Bleeding This rarely happens but when it happens it is brought about by the rupture of the ovarian membranes which leads to the bleeding episodes . Adnexal Cyst Types Adnexal Cyst Septated It is a type of Adnexal cyst which have both liquid and solid matter . Women who have this type of Adnexal cyst should be aware that this is a dangerous cyst especially when it is not immediately treated with the right treatment . Those who have this type of cyst would usually report of discomfort and pain in the abdominal region . There are actually three types of Adnexal cyst Septated which are cystadenomas , endometrionoma and dermoid cysts . Adnexal Cyst Ovarian This is another well known type of Adnexal cysts which occurs in the woman ’ s ovaries . The Adnexal cysts ovarian can either be cancerous or non cancerous in nature and it may either be benign or malignant . The risk factors of Adnexal cysts are women in their postmenopausal stage and those women who have ascites . Adnexal Cyst Complex Adnexal cyst complex is another type of Adnexal cysts which have evolves from ovarian Adnexal cyst to complex structure . This type of Adnexal cyst does not have a clear kind of cyst but has a solid characteristics as well as excressances , septations or having a thicker fluid type which can be clearly described via the ultrasound . The Adnexal cyst complex can be further classified into : Endometriomas Hemorrhagic cyst Dermoid cyst Mucinous and serous cyst Mucinous and serous cystadeno fibroma Low malignant potential tumors Adnexal Cyst Diagnosis In determining the etiological reasons of the symptoms , the physician will usually do the following diagnostic procedures for confirmation : Physical examination in the pelvic region The only way to distinguish if a woman has Adnexal cyst , is through the pelvic exam . During the pelvic exam , the physician will feel the woman ’ s vagina , ovaries , uterus , rectum and bladder . The physician will take note of any felt lump or any unusual things present . In doing this exam , the physician will use the speculum to make the vagina wide enough for inspection . Medical Historical exam Medical historical exam is done to determine if the woman has any family history of cancer related disease or if the woman has experience symptoms that are associated with Adnexal cyst syndrome . Ultrasonography This exam is usually done after pelvic exam or physical exam . This kind of exam uses ultrasound of the pelvic region to confirm if there is actually a cyst in the Adnexa region . With the use of the sound waves and special computer it will lead to the echo transformation which will create the necessary images to confirm the actual cyst . Magnetic Resonance Imaging examination This is another exam that uses the magnetic resonance imaging scan to be able to characterize the lesions in the ovaries . This is done if in the Ultrasonography exam can not determine the actual state of the Adnexal cyst . Adnexal Cyst Treatment Basically , just like the baker ’ s cyst , there is no actual need to treat women who have Adnexal cyst . As mentioned earlier , it can resolve on its own even without treatment yet some women who have Adnexal cyst would require treatment . Hence , the following treatments are provided for them : Medical treatment According to studies the physician usually prescribes hormonal or oral contraceptive to treat and prevent the occurrence of Adnexal cyst . It shows that when women who have Adnexal cyst take a higher dose of oral contraceptives it will lead to the lower occurrence of Adnexal cysts . Surgical treatment When a woman is symptomatic or has a malignant kind of Adnexal cyst , there is a need for surgical treatment . When the Adnexal cyst is severe or has been enlarged , it is best to removed it via surgical procedure to be able to prevent it from spreading and from growing much further to be able to prevent also from affecting other surrounding organs . Leave a Reply | [
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http://healthfoxx.com/cervical-erosion-symptoms-treatment-causes/ | Home Diseases & Conditions Cervical Erosion – Symptoms , Treatment , Causes Cervical Erosion – Symptoms , Treatment , Causes IN THIS ARTICLE : What is Cervical Erosion ? Pathogenesis of Cervical erosion Symptoms Causes of cervical erosion Diagnosis of cervical erosion Treatment of cervical erosion What is Cervical Erosion ? Cervical Erosion or medically known as cervical ectropion ( ectropy ) is a condition wherein the endocervix protrudes out through the external os . The outer portion of the cervix is lined by simple squamous epithelium , whereas the inner part is lined with columnar epithelium . The protrusion of the columnar epithelium marks cervical erosion . Cervical cells also undergo squamous metaplasia and changes from simple squamous into stratified squamous epithelium . In more simple terms , changes happen in cell characteristics of the cervix making the cervix appear protruded . Cervical erosion is not a form of cervical cancer , but the symptoms are similar to early stage of cervical malignancy . Cervical erosion is a normal change in the cervix , but may appear inflamed , red and seems eroded although there is no actual erosion of the cervix . The term erosion is only used to describe the change in the cervix . Because it is likened to cervical cancer , further tests should be done to rule out any malignancy . Pathogenesis of Cervical erosion At a young age , the cervix is lined by simple squamous epithelium . Increase in estrogen during puberty , intake of contraceptive pill and pregnancy opens the cervical os and exposes the endocervical columnar epithelium on the cervical opening . When this happens , the endocervix is exposed to the acidic environment of the vagina , causing the cells to undergo metaplasia and changes it into stratified squamous epithelium . Symptoms Most women do not have symptoms of cervical erosion . As discussed , cervical erosion is not an abnormality , but is sometimes associated with the following symptoms : Excessive , non - purulent discharge from the vagina because of exposure of mucus secreting glands located in the columnar epithelium Post - coital bleeding or bleeding after sexual intercourse because of trauma to the blood vessels located in the columnar epithelium . Pregnant women complaining of vaginal spotting or bleeding should be asked for sexual intercourse for the past twelve hours . Bleeding may be a result of injury to the ectropion and not actually a sign of threatened abortion . Bleeding between periods Non - foul smelling , clear to yellowish , slippery vaginal discharge Some women may experience backache Internal examination may reveal a bright red external os and soft to granular texture upon palpation . These symptoms are not of any concern . However , during infection of the reproductive organs , a woman may experience foul - smelling and purulent discharges not associated with cervical erosion . Causes of cervical erosion Cervical erosion is not an abnormal condition . Reasons for ectropy are due to increase in estrogen levels as seen in : Puberty Puberty starts the menstrual cycle of a young woman . During this time , estrogen levels increase leading to changes in cervical characteristics . Oral Contraceptive Pill Intake Contraceptive pills contain small amounts of progesterone and estrogen to prevent ovulation . The presence of estrogen leads to erosion . Pregnancy Estrogen levels increase dramatically during pregnancy for the growth and protection of the fetus . Cervical erosion usually disappears six months after delivery . Hormone Replacement Therapy Estrogen administration during menopause may also lead to cervical erosion because of high levels of estrogen in the body . However , some reasons not associated with increased estrogen levels also lead to cervical erosion such as : Fetal exposure to estrogen Persistence of squamous columnar epithelium and squamous epithelium junction happens during intrauterine life because of exposure of the fetus to high levels of maternal estrogen . About 30 % of female babies may experience it . It disappears while the child is growing up . But puberty again increases the risk of developing it . Trauma Sexual intercourse causes trauma and scarring to the cervix leading to cervical ectropy . Frequent use of tampons may also irritate the external cervical os . Mucopurulent Cervicitis Excessive secretion of discharges due to inflammation of the cervix increases the size of the cervical ectropion . Infection Presence of sexually transmitted diseases such as syphilis or herpes may lead to cervical metaplasia . However , recent studies have shown that infections do not lead to erosion ; rather , cervical erosion increases the risk for infection because the cells in the cervix are more sensitive than before . Diagnosis of cervical erosion To rule out presence of malignancy , certain tests such as Pap smear and cervical biopsy can be done . Pap smears and biopsies determine the characteristics of the cells in the cervix and may show stratified squamous epithelium as a sign of cervical erosion . Colposcopy is also done to visualize the cervical area . In addition , physical examination of the cervix such as palpation is done to further characterize the texture of the cervical erosion . Treatment of cervical erosion Since cervical erosion is not a disease , it does not require treatment . However , bleeding after sexual intercourse or presence of mucopurulent discharge may be disturbing to some women . In these cases , certain managements can be done . The following outlines the most common management for cervical erosion : Discontinue Oral Contraceptive Pills Managing the cause involves removing the underlying cause such as the use of estrogen pills . Other forms of contraception may be used according to client preference and suggestion of the gynecologist . Ablation Therapy Ablation therapy focuses on destroying the columnar cervical cells . This will allow the simple squamous cell to grow in replacement of the destroyed cells . This treatment involves the use of a heated probe to destroy up to four mm of the stratified epithelium . Local anesthetics are placed prior to the ablation . Ablation therapy may include the following procedures : 1 . Electrocautery The cervical cells are destroyed by using high temperature produced by electricity on a needle - like instrument . 2 . Diathermy The cervical os is exposed to high temperatures to damage the cells . Cryocautery The cervix is exposed to extremely cold temperatures to destroy the cells . Application of cold nitrous oxide gas is usually performed . Antibiotics In the presence of infection , antibiotic therapy is prescribed . In cases of any malignancy , conization of the cervix and removal of the uterus ( if affected ) is done . These procedures are for presence of malignancy only and it should be known that cervical erosion is not a malignancy . Post - operative Management of Cervical Erosion The site of cautery or ablation heals at an average of five to eight weeks . During this time , the patient should be advised to avoid sexual contact until the surgical site has completely healed . Use of tampons and vaginal douches should also be avoided . The patient is also advised to return for follow - up check - up for re - assessment . Leave a Reply | [
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] |
http://healthh.com/bump-on-the-roof-of-mouth/ | Bump on the Roof of Mouth Last reviewed by Editorial Team on August 13th , 2018 . IN THIS ARTICLE : Causes of Bump on the Roof of Mouth Treatment Pictures of Bump on the Roof of Mouth The mouth is one of the most complicated parts of our bodies and the hard palate does not make an exception from that rule . If you feel a bump on the roof of your mouth , then you have to make sure it is a sign of disease . For example , we all have the incisive papilla that is situated behind our front teeth and that is completely normal . However , this can become enlarged or irritated and that will require treatment . Smokers can also have a bump on the roof of their mouth , this Sometimes , a bump on the roof of the mouth can appear for no particular reason and it can go away just as easily . In the situation when the bump disappears and forms again , you have to think about the bigger picture and identify the medical condition underlying the bump . Perhaps it represents a reaction to an outside stimulus or allergen or maybe it has to do with a pre - existing condition , such as protruding bones . The good news is that most of the times this bump is harmless and easily treated ; however Causes of Bump on the Roof of Mouth These are the most common causes of a bump on the roof of mouth : Enlarged or irritated incisive papilla . This can also be caused by excessive tobacco chewing Smoking – people who smoke either a cigar or a pipe present an increased risk for mouth roof bumps . This condition is also known as smoker ’ s palate or nicotine stomatitis Protruding bone – frequent in people who grind their teeth . The level of discomfort is increased by the appearance of ulcers or sores Mucoceles – this bump appears when the salivary glands are blocked . It may disappear and re - appear but it requires the attention of a dentist Oral cancer – if you are a heavy smoker or you have ingested large quantities of alcohol for prolonged periods of time , then you should pay serious attention to any bump on the roof of your mouth Epstein pearls – these appear in babies and they require no treatment , as they go away on their own . These are harmless , small cysts that are filled with a liquid rich in proteins A diet that is rich in spicy foods Low immunity Vitamin deficiency ( B12 , folic acid ) Viral or bacterial infections Hormonal changes Stress Treatment The treatment differs on the cause of growth : For enlarged or irritated incisive papilla : Laser treatment Warm saline rinses 3 - 4 times / day Topical medication Vitamin B complex supplements For smoker ’ s palate : Quit smoking For torus palatinus ( protruding bone ) : Advertisement Topical treatment for ulcers / sores Surgery in more serious cases to reduce the amount of the bone present For mucoceles : Removal surgery for chronic types Micro - marsupialization Salt water mouth rinses Laser removal for smaller types For oral cancer : Removal surgery for cancerous growths Radiotherapy Chemotherapy Drug therapy for associated symptoms Other Treatment methods : As it was already mentioned , Epstein pearls do not require treatment as they can go away on their own Reducing spicy foods from the daily diet Taking supplements that will boost the immune system Taking vitamin supplements that will cover the vitamin deficiency Anti - viral or anti - bacterial medication in case of viral or bacterial infections As you can see for yourself , there are many causes that can lead to the appearance of a bump on roof of mouth and each has its own course of treatment . However , when it comes to the things that you have power to change , you should not waste any more time . Quit smoking today and forget about smoker ’ s palate . Refrain from drinking alcohol or eating spicy foods all the time . Boost your immune system by eating healthy . Eat lots of fruits and vegetables for the vitamin intake . Take care Pictures of Bump on the Roof of Mouth Collection of pictures of Bump on the Roof of Mouth … Tags : bump Causes Images mouth Photos Pictures Leave a Reply | [
"Roof of Mouth",
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http://healthimpactnews.com/2013/the-tamiflu-deception/ | April 13 , 2019 Print This Post The Tamiflu Deception by David Michael Journal of Natural Food and Health Drugs called Tamiflu are chemicals ( ethyl ( 3R , 4R , 5S ) - 5 - amino - 4 - acetamido - 3 - ( pentan - 3 - yloxy ) - cyclohex - 1 - ene - 1 - carboxylate ) that are said to prevent flu or treat the flu . This CDC - approved and recommended - for - all chemotherapy has been shown to cause more vomiting and diarrhea . Roche , the maker , has refused to release the data from studies on the effectiveness of Tamiflu to independent researchers for over three years Chemotherapy ? Yes , according to the medical definition at dictionary . com ( and others ) , chemotherapy is the treatment of disease by means of chemicals that have a specific toxic effect upon the disease - producing microorganisms or that selectively destroy cancerous tissue . So technically this is what Tamiflu therapy is . Prevention ? If you were given a $ 120 dollar bottle of mints and told it would prevent the flu – it would seem to work 90 % of the time . This is because , on average , you already have a 90 % chance of not getting the flu , give or take . If you still get the flu you are told you were infected before starting the therapy but the mints have made your flu milder than it would have been . You may be told a few people will still get the flu during or after eating the mints because mints are not 100 % effective , but if you do n ’ t take it you have no protection at all . Treatment ? Let ’ s say you have the flu already for a couple days . CDC says to hurry in as soon as flu - like symptoms appear . The doctor gives you the mints and tells you will eventually feel better and the flu will go away . Sure enough you recover . You will start to feel better the next day or two – as would with folks who just stayed home , rested and drank plenty of water . But Tamiflu are not mints , they are a drug – and all drugs have side effects . However it does appear you will be better off taking mints rather than Tamiflu . What are the Benefits of Tamiflu ? The Tami in Tamiflu is of Japanese origin , and the meaning of Tami is “ let people see benefit ” . So , let ’ s look at the benefits of ethyl ( 3R , 4R , 5S ) - 5 - amino - 4 - acetamido - 3 - ( pentan - 3 - yloxy ) - cyclohex - 1 - ene - 1 - carboxylate . The extract of the Roche report below shows 1 to 12 year olds being treated with Tamiflu for flu have about the same symptoms as those taking a placebo ( sugar pill ) – except 70 % more kids were vomiting after Tamiflu than taking nothing ( an increase from 9 % to 15 % is a 70 % increase – not 6 % ) of the kids . Five times more children taking Tamiflu for flu prevention had vomiting and four times more kids had nausea than those who took nothing . In other words , Tamiflu makes kids sicker . Even so , CDC recommends that infants as young as two weeks receive Tamiflu and they are clear that Tamiflu is not a substitute for flu vaccines and that flu vaccinations should be taken also . What about the adverse reactions for teenagers and adults ? According to their own clinical trial , the group being treated for flu has nearly 2x the nausea , 3x the vomiting and about the same other flu symptoms as those taking nothing ( except for a little less diarrhea ) . Those taking Tamiflu for 5 weeks as recommended for flu prevention had 2x more had nausea , 2x more had vomiting , 2x more had stomach pains and 50 % more had diarrhea than those taking nothing . In other words , Tamiflu made them sicker . The Roche report states no studies have been conducted on the safety of Tamiflu for pregnant women or fetuses and is not to be taken ( unless the doctor decides the benefits outweigh the risks ) . Yet CDC says that pregnant women should rush out and take it at the first signs of flu . CDC explains that onset of mental conditions , brain swelling and death may occur after taking Tamiflu but assures us that the cause has not been established . We are further assured that most of these cases have only been seen in Japan . How effective is Tamiflu in preventing or treating the flu ? There are no statements or data given concerning its effectiveness on the Roche report . A search of the CDC website did not show anything regarding how well it works . According to t his report on a British Medical Journal article , Roche has refused to hand over clinical trial data on the effectivess of Tamiflu . Quote , In 2009 , the BMJ and researchers at the Nordic Cochrane Centre asked Roche to make all its Tamiflu data available . At the time , Cochrane Centre scientists were commissioned by Britain to evaluate flu drugs . They found no proof that Tamiflu reduced the number of complications in people with influenza . As of January 2013 the data has not been released to them . Roche is also being investigated by the European Medicines Agency for not properly reporting side effects , including possible deaths , for 19 drugs including Tamiflu that were used in about 80,000 patients in the U.S . The two brief videos ( one is a BBC headline news broadcast from 2009 when this deception was uncovered and the other is a doctor and nurse produced last month ) . Read the full article here : http : / / journal . livingfood . us / 2013 / 02 / 02 / the - tamiflu - deception / Saying NO To Vaccines By Dr . Sherri Tenpenny Y ou have legal options ! More Info Published on February 4 , 2013 Tags : danger of medicine flu vaccine tamiflu Vaccines | [
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"chemotherapy",
"cancerous tissue"
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http://healthimpactnews.com/2013/what-you-see-in-the-toilet-can-give-you-valuable-insights-into-your-health/ | April 16 , 2019 Print This Post What You See in the Toilet Can Give You Valuable Insights into Your Health By Dr . Mercola When it comes to toileting habits , the topic is not exactly a favorite among Americans – at least for those above the age of four . Mention poop and you can easily clear a room – or at the least , generate some unusual facial expressions , nervous laughter , and wisecracks about “ too much information . ” But your bodily emissions are an important health topic that deserves serious attention , regardless of the “ ick factor . ” In fact , if you ignore what you deposit in your toilet , you could be flushing your poop and rainbow in the same sentence . Although there is a certainly a wide variety of stool colors , textures and forms that are considered “ normal , ” there are definitely things that , if seen or experienced , warrant immediate medical attention . With this in mind , the overview that follows covers what you need to know about what ’ s normal and not normal in the bathroom department . What is Normal Stool ? Your stool is about 75 percent water . The rest is a fetid combination of fiber , live and dead bacteria , miscellaneous cells and mucus . 1 , 2 The characteristics of your stool will tell you a good deal about how happy and healthy your digestive tract is – the color , odor , shape , size , and even the sound it makes when it hits the water and whether it ’ s a “ sinker ” or a “ floater ” are all relevant information . If you ’ re one to poop and scoot quickly out of the bathroom without looking in the toilet , then you might want to slow down and look down . The Bristol Stool Chart is a handy tool that 3 Fiber tends to bulk up your stool and acts like glue to keep the stool stuck together , instead of in pieces . If your stool is on the softer side , short of diarrhea ( “ soft serve , ” as some call it ) , it could be related to lactose intolerance , artificial sweeteners ( sorbitol and Splenda ) , or a reaction to fructose or gluten Look , Listen and Smell Before You Flush What ’ s normal and what ’ s not when you look into the toilet ? The following table will help you narrow down what to look for , so that you are n ’ t needlessly alarmed . Of course , there are a few signs that ARE cause for concern , and those are listed too . If you have a change in stools accompanied by abdominal pain , please report this to your physician . 4 Healthy Stool : Medium to light brown Smooth and soft , formed into one long shape and not a bunch of pieces About one to two inches in diameter and up to 18 inches long S - shaped , which comes from the shape of your lower intestine 6 Quiet and gentle dive into the water … it should fall into the bowl with the slightest little “ whoosh ” sound – not a loud , wet cannonball splash that leaves your toosh in need of a shower Natural smell , not repulsive ( I ’ m not saying it will smell good ) Uniform texture Sinks slowly Unhealthy Stool : Stool that is hard to pass , painful , or requires straining Hard lumps and pieces , or mushy and watery , or even pasty and difficult to clean off Narrow , pencil - like or ribbon - like stools : can indicate a bowel obstruction or tumor – or worst case , colon cancer ; narrow stools on an infrequent basis are not so concerning , but if they persist , definitely warrant a call to your physician 5 Black , tarry stools or bright red stools may indicate bleeding in the GI tract ; black stools can also come from certain medications , supplements or consuming black licorice ; if you have black , tarry stools , it ’ s best to be evaluated by your healthcare provider White , pale or gray stools may indicate a lack of bile , which may suggest a serious problem ( hepatitis , cirrhosis , pancreatic disorders , or possibly a blocked bile duct ) , so this warrants a call to your physician ; antacids may also produce white stool Yellow stools may indicate giardia infection , a gallbladder problem , or a condition known as Gilbert ’ s syndrome – if you see this , call your doctor Presence of undigested food ( more of a concern if accompanied by diarrhea , weight loss , or other changes in bowel habits ) Floaters or splashers Increased mucus in stool : This can be associated with inflammatory bowel disease like Crohn ’ s disease , or ulcerative colitis , or even colon cancer , especially if accompanied by blood or abdominal pain Does Your Stool Have a Really Bad Odor ? If your stool has an extraordinarily bad odor , it should not be ignored . I am referring to an odor above and beyond the normally objectionable stool odor . Stinky stool can be associated with a number of health problems , such as : 7 A malabsorptive disorder Celiac disease Crohn ’ s disease Chronic pancreatitis Cystic fibrosis Cystic fibrosis ( CF ) is a disease caused by a defective gene that causes your body to produce abnormally thick , sticky mucus , which builds up and causes life - threatening lung infections and serious digestive problems . Most cases of CF are diagnosed before the age of 2 , so this is more of a concern with infants and toddlers . Speaking of malodorous things , what about gas ? Passing gas flatulence is normal . Not only is it normal , it ’ s a good sign that trillions of hard working gut bacteria are doing their jobs . People pass gas an average 14 times per day – anywhere from one to four pints of it ! 8 Ninety nine percent of gas is odorless , so you may even be unaware you ’ re passing it . Think about it – were it not for an exit , we ’ d all blow up like balloons ! How Often Should You Move Your Bowels ? Normal bowel habits vary . When we talk about regularity , what we ’ re really talking about is what ’ s regular for you . Three bowel movements per day to three per week is considered the normal range . What ’ s more important than frequency is the ease with which you move your bowels . If you need to push or strain , something is off – moving your bowels should take no more effort than urinating or passing gas . The thing to watch for is a sudden change in your bowel habits . Many factors can affect regularity , such as diet , travel , medications , hormonal fluctuations , sleep patterns , exercise , illness , surgery , childbirth 9 Constipation and Diarrhea The average body takes between 18 and 72 hours to convert food into poop and pass it on out . When this time is significantly shortened , the result is diarrhea because your intestine does n ’ t have time to absorb all of the water . Conversely , when transit time is lengthened , you may end up constipated because too much water has been absorbed , resulting in hard , dry stools . Constipation is defined as passing hard , dry stools that you have to strain to move , and it ’ s typically accompanied by decreased frequency of defecation . Straining is not normal , nor are experiencing feelings of incomplete elimination , bloating , crampiness , or sluggishness after going number two . If you ’ re over the age of 65 , your risk of becoming constipated increases significantly . Chronic , untreated constipation can lead to fecal impaction , 10 which can be a serious medical condition . Laxatives should be avoided at all cost and used only as a last resort . If you absolutely must use a laxative , make sure it is used for only a very short period of time . Common Causes of INCREASED Bowel Frequency / Diarrhea 11 Lifestyle : Eating more fruits and vegetables ( increased fiber ) Increased exercise Drinking more water Emotional stress Food allergies Diseases and Conditions : Hyperthyroidism ( overactive thyroid ) Crohn ’ s disease Ulcerative colitis Celiac disease Irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS ) Medication side effects Gastrointestinal infection Common Causes of DECREASED Bowel Frequency / Constipation 12 , 13 Change in diet , less fiber , less fruits and vegetables Emotional stress Ignoring the urge to “ go , ” travel and scheduling factors that cause you to hold it Insufficient exercise Inadequate hydration Calcium or iron supplements Drugs such as narcotic painkillers ( codeine , for example ) , diuretics , antacids , antidepressants , and excess or overused laxatives Food allergies Pregnancy , childbirth , or hormonal disturbances Problems with the muscles or nerve in the intestine , rectum or anus Irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS ) Diabetes Hypothyroidism ( underactive thyroid ) Local pain or discomfort around the anus , such as from fissures or hemorrhoids Less often : diverticulitis , intestinal obstruction , colorectal cancer , multiple sclerosis , Parkinson ’ s disease and spinal cord injury How to Score a Home Run with Your Bowel Movements Most gastrointestinal problems can be prevented or resolved by making simple changes to your diet and lifestyle . If you are n ’ t achieving poo perfection , or if you do n ’ t feel right , then look at the following factors and consider making a few changes . These strategies will help reverse constipation or diarrhea , in addition to helping prevent recurrences . Remove all sources of gluten from your diet ( the most common sources are wheat , barley , rye , spelt and other grains ) Eat a diet that includes whole foods , rich in fresh , organic vegetables and fruits that provide good nutrients and fiber ; most of your fiber should come from vegetables , not from grains Avoid artificial sweeteners , excess sugar ( especially fructose ) , chemical additives , MSG , excessive amounts of caffeine , and processed foods as they are all detrimental to your gastrointestinal ( and immune ) function Boost your intestinal flora by adding naturally fermented foods into your diet , such as sauerkraut , pickles , and kefir ( if you tolerate dairy ) ; add a probiotic supplement if you suspect you ’ re not getting enough beneficial bacteria from your diet alone Try increasing your fiber intake ; good options include psyllium and freshly ground organic flax seed ( shoot for 35 grams of fiber per day ) Make sure you stay well hydrated with fresh , pure water Get plenty of exercise daily Avoid pharmaceutical drugs , such as pain killers like codeine or hydrocodone which will slow your bowel function , Antidepressants , and antibiotics can cause a variety of GI disruptions Address emotional challenges with tools like EFT Consider squatting instead of sitting to move your bowels ; squatting straightens your rectum , relaxes your puborectalis muscle and encourages the complete emptying of your bowel without straining , and has been scientifically shown to relieve constipation and hemorrhoids Consider a Bidet As a practical and affordable alternative to toilet paper , you might want to try a bidet . Bidets are the norm in Europe — no bathroom is found without one . Once you experience a bidet , you ’ ll probably never go back to toilet paper ! A bidet is refreshing in a way toilet paper will never be , is gentler and less irritating than wiping with paper , and reduces hand contamination . Whenever I travel it is one of the items that I miss most from my home . Nearly everyone that I know has bidet available in the Mercola store . Read the full article here : http : / / articles . mercola . com / sites / articles / archive / 2013 / 02 / 14 / normal - stool . aspx This article was brought to you by Dr . Mercola , a New York Times bestselling author . For more helpful articles , please visit Mercola . com today and receive your FREE Take Control of Your Health E - book ! See Also As Fecal Transplants Cure and Save Lives , FDA Classifies Poop as a Drug and Restricts It Published on April 19 , 2013 Tags : bowel health bowel movement | [
"toileting habits",
"ick factor",
"Bristol Stool Chart"
] |
http://healthimpactnews.com/2014/how-to-make-your-own-sauerkraut/ | April 14 , 2019 Print This Post How to Make Your Own Sauerkraut Photo by Shannon Stonger Getting Started with Lactic Acid Fermentation : Two Ingredient Sauerkraut by Shannon Stonger Health Impact News There are many ways to preserve food these days . Freezing is popular for its convenience . Canning is gaining resurgence , and rightfully so , for its place in a local and sustainable food economy . Drying fruits and vegetables continues to be a simple way to put food up , especially in hotter , drier climates . And then there is lactic acid fermentation , also known as lacto - fermentation . If you ’ ve ever had unpasteurized sauerkraut or true sour pickles , then you ’ ve eaten fermented vegetables . These are hard to come by , though , in their true raw form so it is helpful if you know how to make them at home , which we ’ ll introduce you to in just a bit . Why Home Lactic Acid Fermentation Of all the methods of food preservation listed above , fermentation is the most exciting . For one , it requires very little energy – no boiling or canning or freezing . Even more exciting is that the raw enhanced qualities of the fresh vegetables are not only preserved , they are enhances . When vegetables are given a friendly environment for fermentation , their vitamin content is enhanced and the beneficial microorganisms we know as probiotics proliferate . The end product is raw and full of vitamins , enzymes , and probiotics that aid digestion . Happily , some major grocers and online food purveyors are beginning to carry raw , lacto - fermented vegetables . For those who would rather spend the time to make these ferments , though , there is a definite peace of mind in going through the process and controlling all of the ingredients in their home kitchen . Furthermore , the process is simple enough that it can be done regularly from grocery store produce or in large batches at the end of a harvest season . And the savings one gets from doing it at home can not be How Lactic Acid Fermentation Preserves Food The end product is also preserved and can , in the right conditions , last for months or even years without further canning or refrigeration . It is the lactic acid , and other organic acids found in lesser quantities , present in the sauerkraut or other ferments that preserves the food for long - term storage . It is not unlike modern pickling as we know it , in process . In modern pickling , vinegar brine is added to vegetables in order to preserve them . Harmful bacteria such as botulism can not exist in an environment that is overly acidic . And so the acetic acid , or vinegar , preserves the food and is given the added protection of being water bath canned . When vegetables are mixed with salt or a salt water brine and are submerged beneath the level of that brine , a chain of events begins to occur . First , the microorganisms present on the vegetables themselves begin the fermentation process . The anaerobic environment created in the underwater environment allows beneficial bacteria to takeover . These bacteria feast on the carbohydrates and other constituents of the vegetables and convert them into organic acids . Often small amounts of acetic acid , the same acid found in vinegar , are produced . But lactic acid is the predominant acid After several days , ferments begin to have a tangy flavor , brought on by the lactic acid present in the food . But the fermentation process is not necessarily fully complete just because the vegetables are tangy . More fermentative bacteria go to work later in the process in order to produce that quintessential sauerkraut , kimchi , or sour pickle flavor . Choosing Ingredients There are three basic ingredients necessary for lactic acid fermentation : Vegetables Salt Water As you can imagine , having the highest quality of ingredients is important with a list that short . Vegetables . Look for organic and sustainably grown heads of cabbage or bushels of cucumbers . While vitamins and bacteria can be enhanced through fermentation , one can not increase the mineral content inherent in a vegetable . Only healthy soils can produce high mineral - content food and it pays to seek out farmers who prioritize healthy soils . Organic is also of importance in fermentation . Just as you are preserving the good things inherent in the vegetable , you are also preserving any chemical residues added to the plant during the growing process . Some find that these chemicals can slightly , or not - so - slightly , alter the natural fermentative processes resulting in off flavors , undesirable textures , and a generally disappointing fermented vegetable . Salt . High - quality salt is also important . Not only does it leave out any nasty chemicals present from the salt refining process , it also imparts additional minerals to the ferment . Salt is a vital component to the fermentation process in that it slows it down when needed and preserves the flavor and crunch of raw vegetables . While ferments can be made without salt , it is very tricky and completely unnecessary if good , unrefined salt is used . Water . Pure water is also of importance in fermentation . Chemical additives such as chlorine and fluoride can inhibit the natural fermentation process . Remember that chlorine is often used as an anti - bacterial agent . We want bacteria ( the good kind ! ) to thrive during lactic acid fermentation , so chlorinated or fluoridated water is counter - productive to the process . Use filtered water , spring water , or water from a healthy well if at all possible . With these things in mind , let ’ s look at one of the simplest and most familiar of all fermented vegetable recipes – sauerkraut . Photo by Shannon Stonger Recipe : Two - Ingredient Sauerkraut Equipment 1 large bowl 1 half - gallon jar or 2 quart jars Knife and cutting board Small jam jar , root vegetable slice , or fermentation weight Desired lid or clean towel Potato masher or kraut pounder Food Funnel ( optional ) Ingredients 2 medium heads organic green cabbage ~ 3 Tablespoons sea salt Water , if needed Directions Cut the cabbage in half vertically . Remove the core on each half by slicing around it in an upside down V shape . Cut in half again and shred the cabbage finely as for coleslaw . Place cabbage shreds in large bowl and continue with the remaining cabbage . Once all of the cabbage has been chopped , sprinkle over the salt . Mix it all together with clean hands , massaging the salt into the cabbage as you go . At this point taste the cabbage . If it tastes bland , as if lacking salt , then sprinkle in just a little more . It should taste well - seasoned but not overly salty . At this point , you can pound the kraut with a potato masher or kraut pounder if you like . This begins the process of breaking down the cabbage which releases the liquid necessary for the brine . This is n ’ t necessary , but I do recommend it for beginners . Alternatively , you can leave the salted cabbage , covered , in the bowl for several hours to let the salt extract the moisture from the cabbage . The kraut is now ready to be placed into jars for fermentation . This is easiest to do with clean hands . Simply take fistfuls of the now slightly limp cabbage and move it carefully to the mason jars . After every couple of handfuls , compact the cabbage into the jar with a fist . Be sure to pour in any brine left in the bottom of the bowl . If the cabbages were fairly dry or did n ’ t produce enough of their own brine for whatever reason , additional brine can be added as needed . Fill the jar ( s ) up to 1.5 - 2 inches from the top . You now need to weigh the kraut down so that it sits below the level of the brine . To do this you can use a thick slice of root vegetable – turnips or beets work well , a purchased fermentation weight , or a small jam jar that fits into the opening of the jar you decanted the kraut into . If using the root vegetable or fermentation weight , simply place them in the jar atop the cabbage and press down until the level of the brine comes well over the kraut and root vegetable / weight . Cap with airtight lid of your choice . If using the jam jar , carefully place the clean jar into the mouth of the ferment jar and press down so that the level of the brine comes well above the kraut . You now need to cover the opening of the fermentation jar and jam jar with a clean towel to keep out bugs or undesirable debris . This is done most easily with a rubber band . If using this method , I recommend placing your jar ( s ) on a plate to catch any overflow of vegetable brine . It is now time to allow the kraut to ferment . This is best done at 60 - 80 degrees and will ferment more rapidly the warmer the environment is . During the process carbon dioxide is produced , so any bubbling you notice is desirable . If you have used an airtight lid you will need to “ burp ” the jar so that the pent up gases do not cause an explosion in the jar . This is done simply by slowly opening the lid , allowing it to “ fizz ” out for just a second and Fermentation should be visible after a few days , but that does n ’ t mean it ’ s complete . If your ambient fermentation temperature is between 60 and 80 degrees , a fermentation time of 1 - 2 weeks at room temperature produces a well - flavored kraut . At this point you can move your kraut to cold storage – be it a refrigerator , root cellar , or basement – a space between 40 and 60 degrees is optimal . The kraut will continue to ferment and may change in appearance over time . A little bit of browning may occur on top , if the brine does not cover the kraut at some point . This is fine , but it can be scraped aside and thrown out if desired . Just be sure to cover the remaining kraut with brine either by weighting it down See Also Sauerkraut : Anti - cancer Fermented Food that Restores Gut Flora About the Author Shannon is a popular blogger and freelance author in homesteading communities . Shannon grew up in a small town in northern Minnesota . She studied chemistry in college , graduated , and married her husband one month later . They were then blessed with two baby boys within the first four years of marriage . Having babies gave their family a desire to return to the old paths – to nourish their family with traditional , homegrown foods ; rid their home of toxic chemicals and petroleum products ; and give their boys a chance to know a simple , sustainable way of life . They are currently building a homestead from scratch on two little acres in central Texas . There ’ s a lot to be done to become somewhat self - sufficient , but they are debt - free and get to spend their days living this simple , good life together with their three young children . Published on October 4 , 2014 Tags : lacto - fermentation Sauerkraut | [
"Sauerkraut",
"recipes"
] |
http://healthimpactnews.com/2014/mct-oil-vs-coconut-oil-the-truth-exposed/ | April 17 , 2019 Print This Post MCT Oil vs . Coconut Oil : The Truth Exposed by Brian Shilhavy Health Impact News There is a lot of misinformation on the Internet regarding the differences between MCT oil and coconut oil . So let ’ s clearly define what each product is and how they differ . Once we have this proper understanding , the myths regarding MCT oil that are being propagated will become very obvious . What are MCTs ? Before we can begin our comparison of MCT oil and coconut oil , the first thing we have to do is define “ MCT . ” MCTs stands for medium chain triglycerides . Another term for “ triglycerides ” is fatty acids . So another way of referring to MCTs is MCFA ( medium chain fatty acids ) . “ Medium ” references the chain length of the fatty acids . Oils can contain short chain , medium chain , or long chain fatty acids . Most oils are a combination of all three types . Medium chain fatty acids contain between 6 and 12 carbon chains [ 1 ] . They are : C6 – Caproic Acid C8 – Caprylic Acid C10 – Capric Acid C12 – Lauric Acid These medium chain fatty acids are known to have tremendous health benefits . C6 through C10 , although found in coconut oil , are more predominant in other places in nature , such as goat ’ s milk . This is reflected in their names , taken from “ capra , ” which means “ goat . ” The most predominant MCT found in coconut oil , however , is lauric acid . Coconut oil is about 50 % lauric acid , making it nature ’ s richest source of lauric acid . While all the MCTs have known health benefits , lauric acid is the most well - known of the four . Lauric acid is prized around the world as a powerful antimicrobial agent , used in both food preservation as well as in drugs and nutraceuticals . A recent search on the popular International Trading website Alibaba . com , for example , showed the following results when searching for each particular fatty acid : Lauric acid – 1,861 Products from 194 Suppliers Caprylic Acid – 451 Products from 66 Suppliers Caproic acid – 393 Products from 69 Suppliers Capric Acid – 206 Products from 56 Suppliers Lauric acid products total more than the three capra MCT fatty acid products combined . MCT Oil is Manufactured – Coconut Oil is Natural Coconut oil in nature contains all four MCTs . In addition , it contains a small percentage of longer chain fatty acids . MCT oil , on the other hand , is not an oil found in nature , but is manufactured by machine to separate out the medium chain fatty acids from the rest of the oil . The fatty acids are extracted through an industrial process of “ fractionation ” . The logic is that since MCTs are healthy , the more the better . Therefore , it is a popular belief that MCT oil is healthier than coconut oil . But is this true ? What is MCT Oil ? Where the logic fails in comparing MCT oil to coconut oil , is in the assumption that all four MCTs are present in MCT oil , and only the longer chain fatty acids from coconut oil are removed . This assumption is false . MCT oils generally contain only the capra fatty acids . Lauric acid is either missing , or present in minuscule amounts . Therefore , to assume that MCT oil is a fractionation of coconut oil , where the longer chain fatty acids have been removed , leaving all of the MCTs from coconut oil , is false . Lauric acid is the star component in coconut oil , but missing in MCT oil . If MCT oil was the fractionation of all of the MCTs in coconut oil , it would be about 80 % lauric acid . But it is not . It is zero percent lauric acid . This is not surprising if you think about it . Lauric acid is the most valuable component of coconut oil , and as we saw above , the most actively traded MCT fatty acid in the world market . So what does one do with the remaining capra MCTs after removing the valuable lauric acid ? Market it as MCT oil of course ! Is MCT Oil better than Coconut Oil ? No , of course not . How can a product that has the most famous and most dominant fatty acid removed from the original product be considered “ better ” ? Lauric acid is unique to coconut oil , comprising about 50 % of its fatty acids . Coconut oil is nature ’ s richest source of lauric acid . The next highest source is human breast milk , at about 6 to 10 % . So if you want lauric acid , coconut oil is the place to get it . If , however , you want the capra medium chain fatty acids , you have many more alternatives , including goat ’ s milk and other animals ’ milk . The capra medium chain fatty acids have their own unique characteristics and benefits . But to refer to them as “ better ” than coconut oil is short - sighted . They are not better – just different . Due to the recent rise in popularity of coconut oil , MCT oil has even been marketed as “ liquid coconut oil ” now . When lauric acid has been removed , the remaining MCTs stay liquid at much lower temperatures . MCT oil is not true coconut oil , however , since it contains little or no lauric acid . One should not expect the same benefits from cooking with MCT oil ( which traditionally has been a supplement or skin care ingredient , and only recently has been marketed as a cooking oil ) , as with coconut oil . ( For more info see : Is Liquid Coconut Oil that stays Liquid in Your Refrigerator Real Coconut Oil ? So while we are not saying that MCT oil is “ bad , ” the hype saying it is “ better ” than coconut oil just does not reflect the facts . It suggests that people making such statements are falling for marketing claims , without really investigating the true nature of MCT oil . References 1 . Know Your Fats , by Mary Enig , Ph . D , Bethesda Press . p . 259 About the author : Unlike many people who write about coconut oil by simply reading about it , Brian Shilhavy actually lived in a coconut producing area of the Philippines for several years with his family , observing firsthand the differences between the diet and health of the younger generation and those of his wife ’ s parents ’ generation still consuming a traditional diet . This led to years of studying Philippine nutrition and dietary patterns first hand while living in a rural farming community in the Philippines . Brian is the author of the best - selling book : Virgin Coconut Oil : How it has changed people ’ s lives and how it can change yours ! Includes 85 recipes – Free shipping available ! Read the Virgin Coconut Oil eBook on Your Mobile Device ! Your browser does not currently recognize any of the video formats available . Click here to visit our frequently asked questions about HTML5 video . Published on June 4 , 2014 Tags : capra mcts coconut oil lauric acid MCT oil | [
"MCT Oil",
"Coconut Oil"
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http://healthimpactnews.com/2014/nurse-fired-for-refusing-flu-shot-sues-hospital-federal-and-state-governments-for-100000000/ | April 16 , 2019 Print This Post Nurse Fired for Refusing Flu Shot Sues Hospital , Federal and State Governments for $ 100,000,000 Nurses are required to wear face masks for refusing the flu vaccine . Photo from Nurses Against Mandatory Vaccines Facebook Page Health Impact News Editor Nurses all across the United States are having their Constitutional rights trampled upon for refusing mandatory flu vaccinations . As we have previously reported , thousands of nurses across the United States are taking a stand against forced flu vaccinations , choosing to either lose their job as a result , or endure shame and ridicule for being forced to wear a mask while on duty during flu season . Nurses proudly wearing the masks in protest of mandatory flu vaccines . Photo from Nurses Against Mandatory Vaccines Facebook Page Dreonna Breton lost her job in December 2013 for refusing to receive the flu vaccine while she was pregnant , even though she had a doctor ’ s exemption . It was only a matter of time before some of these nurses began taking legal action to protect their rights . Some litigation began last year , but details are not available publicly . Dr . Karen Sullivan Sibert , herself a pro - vaccine doctor , wrote an opinion piece explaining how requiring nurses to wear masks for refusing the flu vaccination violates HIPAA law for patient privacy . ( See : Pro Vaccine Doctor Explains how Mandatory Flu Vaccines for Healthcare Workers Violates HIPAA Law In addition to the violation of personal rights , the CDC published a study in 2013 showing that vaccination of healthcare workers with the seasonal flu vaccine offered no significant measurable protection of patients from the flu . ( See : CDC Study : Mandatory Flu Vaccinations of Health Care Workers Offer NO Protection to Patients And as we have reported here at Health Impact News , the flu vaccine is not without risk . The government ’ s own data on settled cases due to vaccine injuries show that the flu vaccine causes more serious injuries , including death , than all other vaccines combined . ( See : Flu Vaccine is the most Dangerous Vaccine in the U . S . based on Settled Cases for Injuries Now , the Law Offices of James Elsman has issued a press release stating that they have a client who is a nurse that has lost her job due to refusing the flu vaccination , and she has filed a class action suit for one hundred million dollars against the hospital that fired her , as well as the state and federal governments . It should be noted that the new Affordable Health Care Act ( Obamacare ) has mandated that healthcare facilities must have 90 % of their employees vaccinated with the flu vaccine to receive full reimbursements of Medicare and Medicaid payments . Law Offices of James Elsman Announces Suit : Nurse Refuses Shots — Sues Hospital , Federal and State Governments for $ 100,000,000 Claiming Flu - Shots Have Many Dangers and Questionable Advantages Reuters . com DETROIT , Jan . 22 , 2014 / PRNewswire / — A nurse was fired from her Hospital job for refusing to take the flu - shot on religious and health grounds , and is “ blowing the cover off many dangers of the flu vaccine , ” says her lawyer , James Leonard Elsman of Birmingham , Michigan . Karen Bashista of S . Lyon , Livingston County , Michigan was a nurse for St . Joe Hospital , and was fired for not taking the flu - shot ; though she offered to wear a mask , be moved to another floor and function , etc . She said “ Hospital doctors got waivers of such . ” Elsman said this is the first suit in the U.S.A. , which joins a termination with a major challenge to the efficacy of the much - vaunted “ flu - shot , ” because he is suing not only the Hospital , but also the C.D.C. ( “ Centers for Disease Control ” ) of the U.S. Government , and the State Community Health Dept . Nurse Bashista continued : “ People are just waking up to the dangers of flu - shots and other vaccination shots that we do n ’ t question , because ‘ government ’ recommends such . Well , if government is so smart , why ca n ’ t they even administer Obamacare ? Government is grasping at straws and many physicians know this , more and more . Why do n ’ t they always take the flu - shots ? ” Elsman said the flu - vac is made many months “ before ” the yearly - strains are even known , so it is a guess in the dark . “ A shot into your body is putting an attenuated flu virus into you — remember when Piers Morgan of CNN actually got the flu , ‘ right after ’ some CNN doctor gave him the flu - shot on live TV ? A scandal is brewing . There is no proof of efficacy , i.e. that it works in all cases . Medicine should be ashamed . Mrs . $ 100 million is prayed for , because the suit is a Class Action on behalf of all Americans in all States , concluded Elsman . “ We will no longer take modern - medicine ’ s or the Government ’ s kool - aid . People deserve ‘ informed consent ’ ! ” Contact : James Elsman , J.D . News Conference for all Media , 248 - 645 - 0750 with Mrs . Bashista elsmanlawfirm @ aol . com 2 : 00 p.m . 635 Elm St . Friday , January 24 , 2014 Birmingham , MI 48009 at lawyer ’ s office SOURCE Law Offices of James Elsman See Also Lawsuits Against Hospitals Begin for Loss of Employment due to Mandatory Flu Shots Flu and Flu Vaccines : What ’ s Coming Through That Needle – DVD More Info FREE Shipping Available ! Published on January 23 , 2014 Tags : mandatory flu shot nurse vaccine | [
"Health Impact News Editor",
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http://healthimpactnews.com/2014/the-health-benefits-of-maple-syrup-why-you-should-replace-processed-sugar-with-maple-syrup/ | April 16 , 2019 Print This Post The Health Benefits of Maple Syrup : Why You Should Replace Processed Sugar with Maple Syrup Health Impact News Editor Comments : Maple syrup is a traditional sweetener rich in nutrients , and a much better choice the most of the cheap highly processed sweeteners currently in the market . Grade B is darker and more nutrient dense than Grade A , and is therefore preferred for its nutritional value . Similar to any other plant - based product , look for maple syrup produced in small batches by small - scale producers who practice sustainable and organic practices , where the maple trees are part of a natural diversified forest . The best maple syrups are not harvested from a mono - crop maple tree farm planted specifically for maple syrup production . By Karen Foster PreventDisease . com Maple syrup is one of the many wonders of the world and far more than a simple sweetener . Maple syrup is not only rich in essential nutrients such as manganese as well as zinc , but 34 new beneficial compounds discovered just a few years ago have been confirmed to play a key role in human health . The process of making maple syrup is an age - old tradition of the North American Indians , who used it both as a food and as a medicine . They would make incisions into trees with their tomahawks and use birch barks to collect the sap . The sap would be condensed into syrup by evaporating the excess water using one of two methods : plunging hot stones into the sap or the nightly freezing of the sap , following by the morning removal of the frozen water layer . When the settlers came to North America , they were fascinated by this traditional process and in awe of the delicious , natural sweetener it produced . They developed other methods to reduce the syrup , using iron drill bits to tap the trees and then boiling the sap in the metal kettles in which it was collected . Maple syrup was the main sweetener used by the colonists since sugar from the West Indies was highly taxed and very expensive . Eventually , inferior forms of sugar with no nutritional value became cheaper to produce , it began to replace maple syrup as a relied upon sweetener . In fact , maple syrup production is approximately one - fifth of what it was in the beginning of the 20th century . Health Potential Maple syrup was known to have naturally occurring minerals , such as zinc , thiamine , and calcium . Seeram was enlisted to study the plant ’ s antioxidants , known to exist in plant structures such as the leaves and the bark , and found 13 that were not previously known to be in the syrup . Several of those had anti - cancer , anti - bacterial , and anti - diabetic properties . A previous study published in the Journal of Clinical Nutrition in 2007 found that maple syrup contains polyphenols such as abscisic acid ( ABA ) , which is thought to stimulate insulin release through pancreatic cells very much the same way berries increase sensitivity of the fat cells to insulin , which makes the syrup beneficial for those with metabolic syndrome and diabetes . These discoveries of new molecules from nature can also provide chemists with leads that could prompt synthesis of medications that could be used to fight fatal diseases , said University of Rhode Island researcher Navindra Seeram . “ I continue to say that nature is the best chemist , and that maple syrup is becoming a champion food when it comes to the number and variety of beneficial compounds found in it , ” Seeram said . “ It ’ s important to note that in our laboratory research we found that several of these compounds possess anti - oxidant and anti - inflammatory properties , which have been shown to fight cancer , diabetes and bacterial illnesses . ” As part of his diabetes research , Seeram has collaborated with Chong Lee , professor of nutrition and food sciences in URI ’ s College of the Environment and Life Sciences . The scientists have found that maple syrup phenolics , the beneficial anti - oxidant compounds , inhibit two carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes that are relevant to Type 2 diabetes management . Enhances Liver Function The pilot study , conducted by Dr . Keiko Abe of the University of Tokyo ’ s Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , showed that healthy laboratory rats fed a diet in which some of the carbohydrate was replaced with pure maple syrup from Canada , yielded significantly better results in liver function tests than the control groups fed a diet with a syrup mix containing a similar sugar content as maple syrup . “ It is important to understand the factors leading to impaired liver function — our lifestyle choices including poor diet , stress and lack of exercise , as well as exposure to environmental pollutants that produce tissue - damaging free radicals , ” says Dr . Melissa Palmer , clinical professor and medical director of hepatology at New York University Plainview . “ The preliminary results of this research are encouraging and emphasize the importance of choosing a healthy diet to help counteract the lifestyle and environmental factors that may impact liver function , even our choice of a sweetener Read the full article here : http : / / preventdisease . com / news / 14 / 040914_Maple - Syrup - Does - Far - More - For - Your - Health - Than - Just - Sweeten - Food . shtml Karen Foster is a holistic nutritionist , avid blogger , with five kids and an active lifestyle that keeps her in pursuit of the healthiest path towards a life of balance . References Nahar , P . ; Driscoll , M . ; Li , L . ; Slitt , A.L. ; Seeram , N.P. Phenolic mediated anti - inflammatory effects of a maple syrup extract against RAW264 . 7 macrophages , Journal of Functional Foods , 2013 , in press . Yuan , T . ; Li , L . ; Zhang , Y . ; Seeram , N.P. Pasteurized and sterilized maple sap as functional beverages : Chemical composition and antioxidant activities . Journal of Functional Foods , 2013 , in press . González - Sarrías , A . ; Ma , H . ; Edmonds , M.E. ; Seeram , N.P. Maple polyphenols , ginnalins A - C , induce S - and G2 / M - cell cycle arrest in colon and breast cancer cells mediated by decreasing cyclins A and D1 levels . Food Chemistry , 2013 , 136 , 636 - 642 . Seeram , N.P. ; Xu , J . ; Li , L . ; Slitt , A . Mining red maple ( Acer rubrum ) trees for novel therapeutics to manage diabetes . Medicine and Health Rhode Island , 2012 , 95 , 283 - 284 . González - Sarrías , A . ; Li , L . ; Seeram , N.P. Anticancer effects of maple syrup phenolics and extracts on proliferation , apoptosis , and cell cycle arrest of human colon cells . , 2012 , 4 , 185 - 196 . González - Sarrías , A . ; Li , L . ; Seeram , N.P. Effects of maple ( Acer ) plant part extracts on proliferation , apoptosis , and cell cycle arrest of human tumorigenic and non - tumorigenic colon cells . Phytotherapy Research , 2012 , 26 , 995 - 1002 . Li , L . ; Seeram , N.P. Further investigation into maple syrup yields three new lignans , a new phenylpropanoid , and twenty - six other phytochemicals . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 2011 , 59 , 7708 - 7716 . Published on April 10 , 2014 Tags : maple syrup nutrition | [
"Health Benefits",
"Maple Syrup",
"traditional sweetener"
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http://healthland.time.com/2011/03/02/serena-williams-diagnosis-whats-a-pulmonary-embolism/ | Sport Serena Williams ’ Diagnosis : What ’ s a Pulmonary Embolism ? By Meredith Melnick @ meredithcm March 02 , 2011 Read Later Email Print Share Follow @ TIMEHealth People Magazine reports that Serena Williams underwent emergency treatment at Los Angeles ’ Cedars - Sinai Medical Center on Monday for hematoma , a complication of earlier treatment for a blood clot discovered in her lung artery last week . On Sunday night , Williams was out attending Oscar parties , belying ongoing medical problems for the tennis star . “ Last week , Serena suffered from a pulmonary embolism which was discovered upon her return to L.A. She had been in New York for doctor appointments for the ongoing issues with her foot , ” Williams ’ spokeswoman , Nicole Chabot , told People . “ Doctors are continuing to monitor her situation closely to avoid additional complications . ” Although Williams ’ condition is not considered life threatening , it is the latest in a string of health complications that have kept her off the tennis court since winning Wimbledon on July 3 , 2010 . Shortly after that tournament , Williams injured her foot by stepping on glass at a restaurant in Milan . Williams underwent two surgeries to correct the unspecified foot injury . Pulmonary embolism ( PE ) , in which a blood clot blocks blood flow in the lung ’ s arteries , usually results from a clot that traveled to the lung from elsewhere in the body , typically from the veins of the leg . About 90 % of pulmonary embolisms are caused by clots that originally form in the large veins deep within the leg , a condition called deep vein thrombosis ( DVT ) . When such clots end up in the lung and block blood flow , it may kill some lung tissue and result in permanent PE is rare , but it can affect otherwise healthy people . Symptoms include unexplained shortness of breath , chest pain and bloody coughs . So what increases your risk ? Surgery . It is not yet known exactly what contributed to Serena Williams ’ PE , but there are a number of risk factors mentioned in her publicist ’ s statement — including surgery . Williams underwent two surgeries for the injury to her right foot . Preparations for surgery itself , and being immobilized after surgery can increase the risk of clots . Higher risks are seen with major orthopedic surgeries like hip and knee replacement . Also , according to the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute , inflammation or injury to the lining of veins — because of surgery or the injury that prompted the operation — can contribute to clot formation and DVT . Immobility . Staying motionless or sitting in a cramped position for long periods , like during a long car ride , airplane trip or after surgery , can increase the risk of clotting because the lack of motion may cause restricted and slow blood flow . Williams ’ pulmonary embolism was discovered after she took a six - hour flight from New York to Los Angeles . Hormone therapy . Hormone replacement therapy and some birth control pills can increase the risk of pulmonary embolism . That ’ s because the estrogen in these drugs can increase clotting factors in blood . ( Note : we have no idea if Williams is taking any combination - hormone drugs . ) The risk is higher for women who are overweight or smoke . Other factors . A family history of blood clots or pulmonary embolism puts you at increased risk . PE risks also go up with age and with certain cancers , heart disease , pregnancy , smoking and being obese . Williams is getting the medical attention she needs , but this is a good opportunity to learn about the risk factors and signs for PE , which kills between 60,000 and 200,000 Americans each year . That ’ s more than the number who die in car accidents . For more information on pulmonary embolisms , check out the Mayo Clinic ’ s site . Also , the NHLBI has a useful animation that demonstrates how a blood clot travels to the lungs . | [
"Serena Williams",
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http://healthland.time.com/2011/03/03/how-do-unapproved-drugs-make-it-to-market/ | Regulation How Do Unapproved Drugs Make it to Market ? By Alice Park @ aliceparkny March 03 , 2011 Read Later Email Print Share Follow @ TIMEHealth It may come as a surprise that some of the drugs your doctor can prescribe have not been approved by the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) . That means that they have n ’ t been evaluated for safety or efficacy , and there is n ’ t any evidence that they actually work . About 500 cough , cold and allergy medications that fall into this category were removed by the agency on Wednesday , as part of the FDA ’ s ongoing Unapproved Drugs Initiative , an effort launched in 2006 to pull potentially unsafe drugs from the market . How do these drugs become available in the first place ? Over the past century , says Dr . Michael Levy , director of the division of new drugs and labeling compliance at the FDA , the agency has changed its regulations regarding which drugs can be legally marketed in the U.S. In the case of the prescription cold and allergy drugs removed Wednesday , many were made available prior to certain rule changes and no longer meet new requirements for safety and efficacy , he says ; others are blatantly illegal , or involve cases in which manufacturers simply Some of the pulled medications were being prescribed by doctors , since they show up on drug registries and are even covered by insurance drug plans . “ Part of the problem is that practitioners are largely unaware that there are unapproved products or prescription products out there , ” says Dr . Charles Lee , medical officer of the FDA ’ s division of new drugs and labeling compliance . “ These products have detailed inserts just like approved products , they are exhibited at professional societies and meetings just as approved products are , and they are picked That ’ s why the agency , since 2006 , has focused on identifying classes of these unapproved medications and requiring their manufacturers to comply with current regulations for approval , or stop selling them . At the time they began , FDA officials estimated that about 2 % of drugs sold fell into this category , and since then , because of actions like the current one against cold and allergy medications , they speculate the percentage has fallen to about 1 % to 2 % of the prescription drug market . Still , that ’ s more than most people would feel comfortable with . While many of the products removed contain common cold - and allergy - fighting ingredients , the action affects only the specific brands and drugs cited by the FDA , and does not affect legally approved medications containing the same ingredients . For a list of the removed medications , see here Alice Park @ aliceparkny Alice Park is a staff writer at TIME and covers health , medicine , nutrition and fitness . Park ' s latest book is The Stem Cell Hope : How Stem Cell Medicine Can Change Our Lives | [
"Unapproved Drugs",
"FDA"
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http://healthland.time.com/2011/06/15/u-s-life-expectancy-lags-slips-in-women/ | Longevity U.S. Life Expectancy Lags , Slips in Women By Alice Park @ aliceparkny June 15 , 2011 Read Later Image Source Email Print Share Follow @ TIMEHealth Americans are n ’ t living as long as they should , given the relatively sophisticated and expensive health care system in this country . That ’ s what the latest report from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington shows . While some cohorts of Americans do continue to enjoy increases in life expectancy , populations in 80 % of U.S. counties surveyed are not keeping pace with gains made by the countries with the 10 highest life expectancies . Overall , U.S. women ’ s life expectancy at birth was 81.3 years in 2007 , a slip of 15 places in the worldwide ranking since 1987 , from 20th to 35th . Women in Holmes County , Miss . , which has the lowest life expectancy in the country , can expect to live 73.5 years — which was the average life span of women in the 10 longest - lived nations in 1957 . For men , the news is a little better : American men ’ s average life expectancy at birth in 2007 was 76.7 years , which brought them up from 32nd place a decade earlier to No . 24 worldwide . The report , which will be published in the journal Population Health Metrics , found that women in many parts of the U.S. are not living as long as they did even a generation ago . Health . com reported Since 1997 , women ’ s life expectancy has slipped or failed to rise in more than 850 counties ( compared to just 84 counties for men ) , including 82 % of the counties in Oklahoma , 66 % in Tennessee , and 59 % in Kentucky . In Mississippi , there are five counties where the life expectancy for women is on par with nations such as Honduras , El Salvador , and Peru . The reason ? One of the study ’ s authors , Dr . Christopher Murray , notes that obesity , smoking and other risk factors associated with overweight such as high blood pressure may be playing a role . Poverty may be contributing as well , since obesity rates and poor eating habits tend to be higher among those who struggle to make a living . Those dying the youngest , according to the report , live in poverty - stricken urban areas such as St . Louis and Baltimore . In contrast , wealthier Americans tend to live longer , surviving even longer than traditionally long - lived populations in Japan and Switzerland . Residents of Washington , D.C. , and San Francisco boast among the highest life expectancies in the world , owing primarily to their healthy lifestyle and eating habits . But income does n ’ t explain all of the differences in life expectancy between U.S. counties . The data also support the growing evidence that despite largely living in poverty , some immigrant populations tend to have relatively long life expectancies ; nearly half of Los Angeles County ’ s residents are Hispanic immigrants , for instance , yet southern California counties retain respectable life expectancy rates . That may be because immigrant groups have stronger social networks and are more likely than American - born residents to work physical jobs that promote better health . As Carmen Nevarez , former president of the American Public Health Association told the Los Angeles Times , in regard to immigrant groups in California : “ These are not random people . They are the healthiest people who could get here . ” While the data show that some of the gains in U.S. life expectancy are eroding away , there were bright spots as well . The L.A . Times noted New York City , for example , which has pursued aggressive anti - smoking and anti - obesity campaigns , has among the higher life expectancies in the nation . That proves that how you live can make a difference in how long you live . Alice Park @ aliceparkny Alice Park is a staff writer at TIME and covers health , medicine , nutrition and fitness . Park ' s latest book is The Stem Cell Hope : How Stem Cell Medicine Can Change Our Lives | [
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http://healthland.time.com/2011/08/01/how-long-do-the-effects-of-prematurity-last-until-adulthood-study-finds/ | Infancy How Long Do the Effects of Being Born Premature Last ? Until Adulthood By Bonnie Rochman @ brochman Aug . 01 , 2011 Read Later Getty Images Email Print Share Follow @ TIMEHealth The longest - running U.S. study of the effects of being born premature is a mixed bag of bad and good news : while the effects of prematurity can persist into adulthood , babies born too early are largely evolving into children and adults who are remarkably resilient . On the one hand , premature babies struggle more in school and social situations , are less healthy and stand a greater chance of having heart - related problems as adults , reports Mary Sullivan , a professor of nursing at the University of Rhode Island and principal investigator of the study , which has tracked 213 infants who are now 23 . But despite that , premature babies are also driven to succeed , a characteristic that can be encouraged by nurturing parents and supportive school environments . “ We are seeing some continual effects of prematurity , but MORE : A 21 - Week - Old Baby Survives and Doctors Ask , How Young is Too Young to Save ? Study participants fall into five categories : a control group of full - term healthy infants and four cohorts of pre - term infants born between 24 to 34 weeks , weighing between 1 pound , 7 ounces and 3 pounds , 15 ounces . They have all taken part in nine waves of research — much of it funded by the National Institutes of Health — that assessed their IQ , functioning , sociability , behavior and academic abilities . Researchers are now compiling data from when the children were 17 and are in the midst of collecting more information . Some of the preliminary findings from the latest phase of research include : • Babies who suffered medical and neurological effects of pre - term birth had up to a 32 % increased risk of asthma , vision problems and trouble with fine motor and hand - eye coordination . • Babies born weighing less than 2.2 pounds ( 1,000 grams ) had worse pulmonary outcomes and higher resting blood pressure than those who were heavier . • Data from the children who were age 17 suggests that the pre - term group has poorer health , growth and neurological outcomes than those who were born full term . • Being a boy and of low birth weight affects breathing when they reach early adulthood . The multi - pronged study has concentrated on various aspects of prematurity ; the latest focus is whether premature infants ’ stress can translate into adult illness . It ’ s part of what ’ s known as the “ fetal origins hypothesis , ” which maintains that preemies ’ response to stress can underpin chronic diseases of adulthood . When babies are born too early , delivery sets into motion a stress response , which is marked by accompanying higher levels of the hormone cortisol . Cortisol helps regulate metabolism and immune response , among other things , and Sullivan is comparing cortisol levels in the adults who were born pre - term with adults who were full - term babies . MORE : A Blood Test to Predict Premature Birth Could Hit the Market Next Year Even pre - term babies who do n ’ t have significant medical or neurological conditions are unlikely to escape some impact of prematurity . They do n ’ t seem to have as many friends as healthy , full - term babies . Boys , in particular , struggle more in school . Learning disabilities , for example , may not manifest themselves until at least second grade , says Sullivan , who has reported that at least 30 % of premature infants needed special academic accommodations at some point during their time in school . At age 8 , she notes , kids who appeared to have been doing pretty well seemed to have trouble in school . “ There ’ s a need for continual vigilance and observation because you might think they ’ re doing okay but they ’ re actually not , ” she says . “ By second grade , when abstract concepts and more complex concepts come into play , we are seeing problems . ” That ’ s the bad news . On the flip side , however , Sullivan found that pre - term babies countered the effects of being born early by displaying a “ persistent drive to succeed . ” Pre - term babies with mothers who advocated for them in school also did better academically , socially and physically . “ There is a lot of great news about how well children do , ” says Sullivan “ We ’ re also looking at what helps children do well . ” One major factor : parents who are observant but not overprotective are the most effective advocates for their children when it comes to negotiating the health - care and school systems in order to help their child get the services they need . “ They have to be persistent , ” says Sullivan . Being born premature may put kids at a slight disadvantage when it comes to certain developmental milestones , but that does n ’ t mean they ca n ’ t make up for them with the proper support . Bonnie Rochman is a reporter at TIME . Find her on Twitter at @ brochman . You can also continue the discussion on TIME ‘ s Facebook page and on Twitter at @ TIME Bonnie Rochman Bonnie Rochman writes about pregnancy , fertility , parenting — the ups and downs of being a kid and having one — for TIME . | [
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http://healthland.time.com/2011/08/04/under-the-knife-study-shows-rising-death-rates-from-general-anesthesia/ | Under the Knife Study Shows Rising Death Rates from General Anesthesia Getty Images People have always been afraid of general anesthesia Many fear they wont wake up from this artificial sleep actually more of a coma albeit druginduced and reversible In the 1940s for every one million patients operated on under full anesthesia 640 died By the end of the 1980s fatalities were down to four per every million thanks to modern safety standards and better medical training However a recent article published in the Deutsches Ärzteblatt the German Medical Associations official international science journal shows that after decades of decline the worldwide death rate during full anesthesia is back on the rise to about seven patients in every million And the number of deaths within a year after a general anesthesia is frighteningly high one in 20 In the over65 age group its one in 10 Indeed older patients are the heart of the matter The rise in deaths from anesthesiarelated causes is not because of a decrease in the quality of anesthesiological care Its due to the fact that more and more older patients are being operated on says Dr André Gottschalk author of the study and acting director of the Clinic for Anesthesiology Intensive Medicine and Pain Therapy at Bochums university hospital Anesthesia can be particularly risky on older patients with heart problems or high blood pressure Anesthesia and an operation mean stress for the body says Gottschalk For a patient to die on the operating table is rare but for patients with serious problems in their medical history posttraumatic stress after a long operation can under some circumstances lead to death Complications relating to anesthesia are rare and can usually be brought under control very quickly In exceptional cases there may be an allergic reaction to something in the anesthetic or the insertion of the breathing tube into the windpipe doesnt work right away says Gottschalk To begin anesthesia a high dose of anesthetic is required that usually sends a patients blood pressure plummeting downward Everybody reacts differently however and not always as expected It can sometimes be extremely difficult to estimate how much anesthetic to administer to an overweight patient Gottschalk explains He notes that an overdose can lead to rapid decline in blood pressure and requires immediate administration of drugs to raise blood pressure Ancient origins During the operation anesthetists monitor and regulate breathing and circulation during longer operations fluid balance blood loss and urine elimination Many patients feel unwell when they wake up women and nonsmokers are often particularly sensitive Until recently nearly every third patient felt nauseous says Gottschalk However things are improving with the new intravenous drugs and researchers continue to try and find substances that are even better tolerated Historically anesthetic methods have been more modest The Egyptians Greeks and Romans used extracts from plants like poppy mandrake or henbane to dull pain Alcohol was also used As early as 1800 Humphry Davy discovered that laughing gas nitrous oxide stopped pain however anesthesia through gas inhalation continued to be rarely used many doctors believed that pain helped healing Modern anesthesia began towards the end of the 19th century and was mainly driven by surgeons themselves In many cases operating just wasnt an option unless they could free patients from pain explains Michael Sander deputy director of the Clinic for Anesthesiology at Berlins Charité hospital A breakthrough inhaling ether came in 1846 But in the early years the use of ether created the risk of explosions in the operating room says Sander Today highquality gases like Sevofluran Desfluran or Xenon are used in a total care approach a finely tuned system with many components The first step before starting anesthesia is giving the patient a strong painkiller The next step is administering strong sleeping medication like Propofol which garnered much attention in connection with Michael Jacksons death This puts the patient in something resembling a hypnotic state To stop the patients ability to move the anesthetist administers a substance that interrupts the signals sent from the brain to movement muscles The freedom from pain not only makes the operation possible its also important during the recovery phase The patient can breathe fully thus reducing the risk of inflammation of the lungs Warming the patient during the operation getting him or her moving again as soon as possible and keeping the artificial breathing phase as short as possible all help protect patients from infection But despite all precautionary measures there are risks to general anesthesia In emergencies the whole team has to function right automatically because theres no time to think says Gottschalk For that to happen I recommend regular simulations with the whole team so that communication works when theres a real emergency Read the original article in German By Andreas Fischer DIE WELT This post is in partnership with Worldcrunch a new globalnews site that translates stories of note in foreign languages into English The article below was originally published in DIE WELT | [
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http://healthland.time.com/2012/10/23/can-chick-peas-and-lentils-help-to-control-diabetes/ | Diabetes Can Chickpeas and Lentils Help Control Diabetes ? What you eat can lower the risk of diabetes . But which foods have the strongest effect ? By Laura Blue Oct . 23 , 2012 Read Later STUDIO BOX / Getty Images They ’ re a common part of traditional diets in India and Latin America , but in western repasts , legumes or pulses — that ’ s lentils , dried beans , and chick peas — have generally been a culinary afterthought . That may soon change , however , thanks to new research suggesting legumes alone can improve the health of diabetics . The study , published in the Archives of Internal Medicines , was funded in part by an association of legume farmers and confirms that simply changing what they eat can help diabetics reduce some of their symptoms , as well as lower their risk of heart disease — in as little as a few months . MORE : Guide : The 31 Healthiest Foods of All Time ( With Recipes ) Starting in 2010 , researchers in Toronto , Canada , enrolled 121 patients with Type II diabetes and tested their blood sugar , blood pressure , cholesterol levels , and more . Roughly half of the study participants were randomly selected to add a cup of legumes per day to their diet . The other half were told to try to eat more whole - wheat products . After three months , the patients were tested again on the same measures . Both the legume - eaters and the whole - wheat - eaters saw a reduction in their hemoglobin A1c values — a marker of average blood sugar , for a period of several weeks . But that reduction was slightly larger among the legume group than among the whole - what group : 0.5 % compared to 0.3 % . And while those changes may seem small , the study authors say that drops of this magnitude are “ therapeutically meaningful , ” and can lead MORE : Type 2 Diabetes Is Tougher to Treat in Kids and Teens While the study was funded by legume farmers , the results confirm previous findings that showed changes in diet can reduce diabetes symptoms and protect patients from more severe complications of the disease . In 2002 , a large government trial found that overweight people on the verge of developing diabetes could dramatically lower their risk of the disease by changing their diet and exercising more . And in 2008 , David Jenkins , one of the current study ’ s lead authors , published similar results that demonstrated the strong benefits of a diet high in vegetables , fruit , nuts , flaxseed , and , yes , legumes . Jenkins , a nutrition expert at the University of Toronto , is credited with developing the idea of the glycemic index ( GI ) — a measure of how quickly different foods , when eaten , may cause a person ’ s blood sugar to rise . While controversial — some nutrition experts are n ’ t convinced it ’ s a reliable way to measure the impact of food on blood sugar — that index has become a popular guideline for both health organizations and the creators of commercial diet plans as a relatively simple way to think about healthy food . Jenkins and his colleagues say that low glycemic - index foods have been linked to improved blood - sugar control in patients with Type 2 diabetes . In their new article , they say that legume consumption is important to diabetics because “ Legumes [ … ] were the first class of foods recognized as having low GI values . ” Does Eating White Rice Raise Your Risk of Diabetes ? Others are n ’ t convinced about the power of GI , however . In an article accompanying Jenkins ’ current paper , nutrition consultant Marion Franz argues that some recent studies actually find no impact of glycemic index on diabetics ’ blood sugar — and , Franz says , the very definition of glycemic index is “ confusing . ” She writes : The GI measures the relative area under the postprandial glucose curve of 50 g of digestible carbohydrates compared with 50 g of a standard food , either glucose or white bread . It does not measure how quickly foods are digested and absorbed into the blood stream as claimed by diet books ( and many health professionals ) . [ … ] Although there is a modest difference in the glucose peak from [ … ] high - vs low - GI carbohydrates , the peak occurs at similar times . Furthermore , the mean glucose and insulin responses to Essentially , Franz does not believe that glycemic index , as it ’ s currently measured , actually captures what its proponents claim it captures . She notes that sugary foods can have lower GI scores that unprocessed whole grains , and that even candy bars often have only moderate GI scores . She suggests that legume - eaters in Jenkins study may actually have seen improved health markers relative to wheat - eaters simply because they ate fewer calories overall , or because they ate more soluble fiber . Did Paula Deen ’ s Own Cooking Give Her Diabetes ? That ’ s not to say that legumes should n ’ t be part of a healthy diet . Franz agrees that chick peas , lentils , and beans are all high in fiber and vegetable protein , and they ’ re not too calorie - dense . So whether or not legumes are the answer to controlling diabetes , at least on some level , the experts do agree on the big picture : eat a healthy diet ; it matters . | [
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http://healthland.time.com/2013/06/19/viewpoint-why-defining-obesity-as-a-disease-may-do-more-harm-than-good/ | Obesity Viewpoint : Defining Obesity as a Disease May Do More Harm Than Good By Maia Szalavitz @ maiasz June 19 , 2013 Read Later Getty Images The label is supposed to improve awareness and treatments for the condition , but similar proclamations about alcoholism and other addictions have n ’ t been so successful . Rejecting the advice of one of its own committees , the American Medical Association ( AMA ) will now classify obesity , which affects about one - third of Americans , as a disease , similar to diabetes and cancer . While there is no standard criteria for such definitions , the designation could contribute to de - stigmatizing obesity , lead to wider coverage of treatments by insurers — Medicare and other insurers currently exclude reimbursement for weight - loss drugs — and greater willingness by doctors to address and treat the condition among their patients . “ Recognizing obesity as a disease will help change the way the medical community tackles this complex issue that affects approximately one in three Americans , ” the AMA said in a statement from board member Dr . Patrice Harris , “ The AMA is committed to improving health outcomes and is working to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease and Type 2 diabetes , which are often linked to obesity . ” As admirable and well intentioned as those goals are , however , there is little precedent that disease labeling will make them achievable . A recent review of studies on conditions like addictions and other psychological problems that can have genetic causes found that such classification generally does reduce the blame heaped on people with the disorders , both by themselves and society . But the labels also increased pessimism about recovery , probably because people assume that as diseases with biological and genetic bases , they are immutable . One study on alcoholism , for example , found that the more people bought into the idea that addiction was a “ chronic relapsing disease ” over which they were “ powerless , ” the worse their relapses were . Although the label did n ’ t increase relapse itself , it made it worse if it did There is also some danger that making obesity a disease may lead to some unintended , and potentially harmful , consequences . Consider the example of alcoholism ; in 1956 , the AMA medicalized alcoholism , with the hope that doctors would begin to ask about and treat cases of excessive drinking and address the medical problems , including liver damage , in a more consistent and effective way . As a result , there is certainly greater awareness of the problems — both social and medical — that alcoholism can cause . But when alcoholism is seen as a disease , doctors and patients are also more likely to believe that overindulging ca n ’ t be stopped without professional help or attending groups like AA — and that it must be treated with total abstinence . The disease concept wound up creating a ghettoized treatment system aimed only at severe cases , with few options for the vast majority of people with alcohol problems who do n ’ t require such extreme measures . In fact , the American Psychiatric Association ’ s disease manual , which was revised this year , reflects an ongoing trend of “ medicalizing ” normal behavior , leading to inappropriate use of psychiatric medications to treat them . Previous editions of the diagnostic manual included two , discrete categories of substance - misuse problems : abuse , which was considered time - limited and amenable to treatment beyond abstinence ; and dependence , which was basically chronic addiction . Now there is only “ substance - use disorder , ” which covers mild , moderate or severe cases MORE : Mental - Health Researchers Reject Psychiatry ’ s New Diagnostic ‘ Bible ’ Viewing genuine addictions as diseases is certainly an improvement over seeing them as moral weaknesses — and no doubt the same is true with respect to unhealthy weight . But is being heavy a disease that always warrants a diagnosis , treatment plan and “ correction ” ? The AMA Council on Science and Public Health , which advised against considering obesity a disease , noted that it is more of a risk factor for other conditions , such as diabetes , heart disease and high blood pressure than a disease in itself . In other words , it has the same relationship to disease as heavy drinking does to alcoholism : it ’ s a risk factor , not a disorder . The committee also noted that there are no standard criteria for drawing a line between healthy and unhealthy weights . After a year of study , it argued [ PDF ] : Without a single , clear , authoritative , and widely accepted definition of disease , it is difficult to determine conclusively whether or not obesity is a medical disease state . Similarly , a sensitive and clinically practical diagnostic indicator of obesity remains elusive . Body mass index , which is the most commonly used measure that incorporates height and weight , can incorrectly label muscular , healthy people as being overweight , while also misclassifying some people with unhealthy levels of fat and insulin resistance as being of healthy weight . The council also noted that the relationship between being overweight and mortality is complicated — some studies actually found a protective effect of being mildly overweight — suggesting that we are far from understanding the myriad ways in which weight and health are connected . MORE : Viewpoint : My Case Shows What ’ s Right — and Wrong — With Psychiatric Diagnoses In addition , incorrectly categorizing people who can control their lifestyle by changing their diet or becoming more physically active as being unable to do so without medical help could lead to unnecessary surgery , drug treatments and other interventions that come with side effects and complications . College binge drinkers typically cut down on their own after graduation ; similarly , most people with mild weight problems do not require medical attention . All of this does n ’ t discount the fact that weight is indeed connected to higher risk of some health problems , such as heart disease and diabetes . But it does suggest caution in viewing obesity itself as a disease . Some obese people do have food addictions that may be driven by genetic and metabolic conditions that are clearly not simply failures of willpower . But not everyone who is obese has such problems . Telling all obese people that they have a disease could end up reducing their sense of control over their ability to change their diet and exercise patterns . As experience with addictions has shown , giving people the sense that they suffer from a disease that is out of their control can become self - defeating . So the disease label should be used sparingly : just as not all drinking is alcoholism , not all overeating is pathological . These lines are hard to draw , but they can have profound effects on exactly what the AMA is hoping Maia Szalavitz @ maiasz Maia Szalavitz is a neuroscience journalist for TIME . com and co - author of Born for Love : Why Empathy Is Essential — and Endangered Szalavitz ' s latest book is Born for Love : Why Empathy Is Essential — and Endangered . It is co - written with Dr . Bruce Perry , a leading expert in the neuroscience of child trauma and recovery . | [
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http://healthland.time.com/2014/01/07/the-paleo-diet-craze-whats-right-and-wrong-about-eating-like-a-caveman/ | Diet The Paleo Diet Craze : What ’ s Right and Wrong About Eating Like a Caveman By Andrea Sachs Jan . 07 , 2014 Read Later Getty Images / First Light / Getty Images / First Light Call it Paleo Chic . The eating habits of cavemen have never been more popular . But should we be taking menu cues from our ancient ancestors ? The protein - heavy , low - carb principles of the Paleo diet are popping up in restaurants like HG SPLY Co . in Dallas and Hu Kitchen in New York City ; exotic new Paleo - inspired products such as grass - fed beef pemmican , a Native American meat paste , are hitting the shelves . And celebrities from Miley Cyrus to Kobe Bryant are reportedly avid followers . While the Paleo diet has been around for years , it ’ s just now gaining some mastodon - like momentum . But many nutrition experts are not impressed . On June 3 , Scientific American ran a long story that ridiculed the Paleo diet as “ half - baked . ” The magazine suggested that the caveman the movement was imagining — “ a tall , lean , ripped and agile 30 - year - old ” was an invention . Though cutting down on preservative - packed processed foods was smart , the article noted , the idea that banning “ any kind of food unavailable to Stone Age hunter - gatherers , ” including dairy products , grains and beans , was nutritional bad - think . Likewise , U.S. News , in its 2014 rankings of “ Best Diets Overall , ” announced that the Paleo diet was at the very bottom , tied at No . 31 with the Dukan diet . “ Experts took issue with the diet on every measure , ” the magazine scolded . What is the experts ’ beef , as it were , with the diet ? When it first surfaced in academic circles in the late 1970s , and as popular diet books started emerging in the 1990s , the program was promoted as a lifestyle as well as a weight - loss method , first cousin to Dr . Atkins and the low - carb craze . The theory behind the diet is simple : our hunter - gatherer forebears , who survived on meat and fish that was not saturated with growth - stimulating antibiotics or hormones , as well as on fresh fruits and vegetables , were on the right track until the Agricultural Revolution introduced toxins into the food chain some 10,000 years ago . So the goal is for citizens of the 21st Century to lean back — way back — and eat the way primitive people did in the Paleolithic Era , circa two million years ago . But dieticians find its restrictive , even finicky , requirements such as sticking with very lean , pure meats and plants , unrealistic . As Scientific American put it , “ The Paleo diet is founded more on privilege than on logic . Hunter - fathers in the Paleolithic hunted and gathered because they had to . Paleo dieters attempt to eat like hunter - gatherers because they want to . ” Any diet that restricts certain food groups and emphasizes others is n ’ t balanced , these experts say , and there is n ’ t strong science Marlene Zuk , an evolutionary biologist at the University of Minnesota , has a different gripe . In her new book , “ Paleofantasy : What Evolution Really Tells Us about Sex , Diet , and How We Live , ” she rips apart many of the contemporary notions about our Paleolithic ancestors . “ I did n ’ t write a diet book , ” she says , “ and I do n ’ t want to tell people how to eat . But I do want people to understand evolution . ” But the Paleo crowd passionately defends its ancestral diet . Kellyann Petrucci , a nutritional clinician who is the author of three popular “ Dummies ” book about the Paleo lifestyle ( “ Living Paleo , ” “ Paleo Cookbook ” and “ Paleo Workouts ) , offers herself as Exhibit A of the benefits of primal habits . “ I became interested in Paleo because when I hit 40 a few years back , I crashed and burned , ” she says . “ I was gaining weight like crazy … my skin looked lifeless , my hair started Perhaps the most outspoken defender of Paleodom is Chris Kresser , whose new book “ Your Personal Paleo Code ” ( read excerpt here ) provides a detailed road map to the lifestyle . Kresser , who practices integrative and functional medicine in Berkeley , Cal . , credits the diet with restoring his own health after years of a painful digestive disease . “ Today , I ’ m blessed with excellent health , a loving family , and a flourishing practice , ” he says . Kresser argues that science in fact supports the Paleo principles : “ There is broad consensus among scientists that our Paleolithic ancestors consumed primarily meat , fish , vegetables , fruits , nuts , seeds and starchy tubers . ” He rejects the claim that the diet is too labor - intensive for the average person , or that it ’ s hard to find the ingredients of these ancient diets , citing a plethora of restaurants and new convenience foods such as gluten - / sugar - / soy - free beef jerky , kale chips and grain - In the past three years , he says he has treated 900 people in his Berkeley , California office . “ My practice has been closed to new patients for most of the last two years , ” he says , “ because there is such a high demand for clinicians who embrace Paleo in their work . ” Kresser says that the diet is booming in popularity because “ Many people experience a profound transformation in their health after switching to Paleo and they ’ re excited to share that with others . This has created a powerful , That word alone is n ’ t enough , however . New York City nutritionist Jennifer Andrus sees some nutritionally wise principles in the diet , such as the lean meats and fish , and fruits and vegetables , but says it ’ s not necessary to go to the extremes of the Paleo crowd . “ It eliminates dairy , legumes and some other foods that can be healthy part of one ’ s diet . ” While she shares the Paleo crowd ’ s concern about modern convenience foods and sweets , she is also worried about our Andrus suggests a common - sense strategy , one that Kresser says in his book he can endorse . “ Some people like to abide by the 80 / 20 rule ; if 80 % of your diet is perfect , there ’ s wiggle room for the rest , ” she says . After all , “ There ’ s a lot of space between Paleo and a crappy diet of Pop - Tarts and McDonald ’ s . ” | [
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http://healthmatters4.blogspot.com/2011/06/iom-six-aims-of-quality-health-care.html | HealthMatters Wednesday , June 22 , 2011 IOM : Six Aims of Quality Health Care Your browser does not currently recognize any of the video formats available . Click here to visit our frequently asked questions about HTML5 video . The balance of health benefits and harm is the essential core of a definition of quality . Avedis Donabedian In 2002 , the Institute of Medicine published Crossing the Quality Chasm an influential book that framed all future discussions of quality health care . Crossing came on the heels of the IOM publication To Err Is Human ( 2000 ) and a Journal of the American Medical Association report ( 1998 ) that warned of " serious and widespread quality problems . . .throughout American medicine . " The report called attention to three broad categories of quality defects : underuse , whereby scientifically practices are not used as often as they should be ; overuse , especially of imaging procedures and prescription of antibiotics ; and misuse , when a proper procedure is not administered correctly ( such as prescribing the wrong drug ) To Err Is Human estimated that as many as 98,000 people dies each year in hospitals from injuries or illness contracted during care . In Crossing , the IOM outlined six specific aims ( explained by Dr . Donald Berwick in the video above ) that a health care system system must fulfill to deliver quality care : Safe : Care should be as safe for patients in health care facilities as in their homes ; Effective : The science and evidence behind health care should be applied and serve as the standard in the delivery of care ; Efficient : Care and service should be cost effective , and waste should be removed from the system ; Timely : Patients should experience no waits or delays in receiving care and service ; Patient centered : The system of care should revolve around the patient , respect patient preferences , and put the patient in control ; Equitable : Unequal treatment should be a fact of the past ; disparities in care should be eradicated . Recognizing that aims must be accompanied by observable metrics , the IOM defined sets of measurements for each aim . For example : Safe : Overall mortality rates or the percentage of patients receiving safe care ; Effective : How well evidenced - based practices are followed , such as the percentage of time diabetic patients receive all recommended care at each visit ; Efficient : Analysis of the costs of care by patient , provider , organization , and community ; Timely : Waits and delays in receiving care , service , or results ; Patient centered : Patient and family satisfaction ; Equitable : Differences in quality measures by race , gender , income , and other population - based demographic and socioeconomic factors . Of course , this is all easier said than done . Hospitals could more easily follow evidence - based practices were there a national outcomes data base that provided population - based information . Effecting efficiency programs can mean a complete redesign of institutional culture , as in Virginia Mason ' s ( Seattle ) 20 - year commitment to Lean management principles . Equitable care is unlikely without a sea change in national health policy ( not that there is one ) that extends well beyond the limitations of the Affordable Care Act . The most encouraging developments in the industry - wide reassessment of quality are the recognition that safety and efficiency need not be mutually exclusive , an increased capacity for the practice of evidence - based medicine , and a new emphasis on patients when it comes to setting goals and measuring results . Source : The Healthcare Quality Book ( 2nd edition ) , edited by Elizabeth R . Ransom , Maulik S . Joshi , David B . Nash , and Scott B . Ransom . Posted by K . at 10 : 11 AM Email This BlogThis ! Share to Twitter Share to Facebook Share to Pinterest Labels : Institute of Medicine Lean Six Aims Virginia Mason Rightcareermove January 8 , 2013 at 2 : 27 AM An advance health care directive tells your family and doctor what you want done if you ca n ’ t make decisions for yourself . Jobs Healthcare UAE Reply Legal Puffs December 10 , 2014 at 9 : 10 PM This is really a valuable post . Nice to find and read . The info shared is helpful and valuable . Will grab it . Thank you for sharing . Herbal Incense Reply Newer Post Older Post Home Subscribe to : Post Comments ( Atom ) Library Blumenthal & Morone , The Heart Of Power : Health And Politics In The Oval Office Bodenheimer & Grumbach , Understanding Health Policy Brownlee , Overtreated : Why Too Much Medicine Is Making Us Sicker And Poorer Cohn , Sick : The Untold Story Of America ' s Health Care Crisis - - And The People Who Pay The Price Halvorson , Health Care Will Not Reform Itself Kotlikoff , The Healthcare Fix Porter & Teisberg , Redefining Health Care : Creating Value - Based Competition On Results Reid , The Healing of America : A Global Quest For Better , Cheaper , And Fairer Health Care Blog Archive ► 2014 ( 1 ) ► 2013 ( 3 ) 2012 ( 2 ) ▼ 2011 ( 41 ) August ( 1 ) ▼ June ( 5 ) State Profile : Court Blocks Indiana Law to Cut Pla . . . IOM : Six Aims of Quality Health Care Paul Ryan on Single - Payer Choice ? Vouchercare May ( 3 ) April ( 9 ) March ( 5 ) February ( 7 ) January ( 11 ) 2010 ( 7 ) | [
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http://healthnews.benabraham.com/html/stop_cancer_with_baking_soda.html | A simple , affordable solution to free the body of the disease of cancer Stop Cancer with Baking Soda Sodium Bicarbonate , Baking Soda is cheap , easy to come by , and very effective in restoring the body to good health . This latest research discovery goes beyond food and nutrition - stop cancer with baking soda - Baking Soda and pH Levels ( Part 1 & 2 ) April 5th 2007 IMVA - Sodium Bicarbonate Lessons in Cancer and General pH Management International Medical Veritas Association stop cancer with baking soda Part 1 Dr . Tullio Simoncini Baking Soda Treatment to Stop Cancer Most of us are going to be surprised to find out that there is an oncologist in Rome Italy , Dr . Tullio Simoncini , destroying cancer tumors with sodium bicarbonate ( baking soda ) [ 1 ] . Sodium bicarbonate is safe , extremely inexpensive and unstoppably effective when it comes to cancer tissues . It ' s an irresistible chemical , cyanide to cancer cells for it hits the cancer cells with a shock wave of alkalinity , which allows much more oxygen into the cancer cells than they can tolerate . Cancer cells can not survive in the presence of high levels of oxygen . Sodium bicarbonate is , for all intent and purposes , an instant killer of tumors . The extracellular ( interstitial ) pH ( pHe ) of solid tumours is significantly more acidic compared to normal tissues [ 2 ] . Case one : A patient diagnosed with pulmonary neoplasm of the lung , underwent treatment with sodium bicarbonate , before submitting to surgery to remove part of the lung . Treatment consisted of sodium bicarbonate administered orally , by aerosol , and IV . After first treatment reduction of nodules and absorption was evident , and after 8 months was no longer visible at all . Treatments also reduced size of the liver and results were confirmed by both X - ray and CAT scan . Studies have shown how manipulation of tumour pH with sodium bicarbonate enhances some forms of chemotherapy [ 3 ] . Proteins can be modified both in vivo and in vitro by increases in acidity . In fact pH is the regulatory authority that controls most cellular processes . The pH balance of the human bloodstream is recognized by medical physiology texts as one of the most important biochemical balances in all of human body chemistry . pH is the acronym for " Potential Hydrogen " . In definition , it is the degree of concentration of hydrogen ions in a Our body pH is very important because pH controls the speed of our body ' s biochemical reactions . It does this by controlling the speed of enzyme activity as well as the speed that electricity moves through our body . The higher ( more alkaline ) the pH of a substance or solution , the more electrical resistance that substance or solution holds . Therefore , electricity travels slower with higher pH . If we say something has an acid pH , we are saying it is hot and fast . Alkaline pH on the other hand , biochemically Cancer tissues have a much higher concentration of toxic chemicals , pesticides , etc then do healthy tissues . In 1973 , a study conducted by the Department of Occupational Health at Hebrew University - Hadassah Medical School in Jerusalem found that when cancerous breast tissue is compared with non - cancerous tissue from elsewhere in the same woman ' s body , the concentration of toxic chemicals such as DDT and PCBs was " much increased in the malignant tissue compared to the normal breast and adjacent adipose tissue " [ 4 ] . This should say something to the oncologists of the world about chemical etiologies that are going undiagnosed and untreated . Part of any successful cancer treatment includes chelation and detoxification of heavy metals and a host of toxic chemicals , which are all invading our bodies ' everyday . It is literally raining mercury , uranium contamination is increasing , lead we are discovering is even more toxic than anyone ever believed and is even in the bread that we eat , arsenic is in our chicken , the government still wants you to get your yearly mercury flu shot , dentists of course are still using hundreds of tons of mercury exposing patients to internalized toxic waste dumps ( The IMVA recommends alkaline foods and sodium bicarbonate so that the pH of the blood remains high , which in turn means that the blood is capable of carrying more oxygen . This in turn keeps every cell in the body at peak efficiency and helps the cell eliminate waste products . Detoxification and chelation will proceed more easily and safely under slightly alkaline conditions . Increased urinary pH reduces oxidative injury in the kidney so it behooves us to work clinically with bicarbonate . Patients receiving sodium bicarbonate achieved urine pHs of 6.5 as opposed to 5.6 with those receiving sodium chloride . This alkalinization is theorized to have a protective effect against the formation of free - radicals that may cause nephropathy [ 5 ] . Dr . Michael Metro . Body ph level changes are intense in the profundity of their biological effects . Even genes directly experience external pH . pH differentially regulates a large number of proteins . Increased oxidative stress , which correlates almost exponentially with ph changes into the acidic , is especially dangerous to the mitochondria , which suffer the greatest under oxidative duress . Epigenetics , which may now have begun eclipsing traditional genetics , commonly describes how factors such as diet and smoking , rather than inheritance influence how genes behave . The great advantage of knowing the prime cause of a disease is that it can then be attacked logically and over a broad front . Dr . Otto Warburg Dr . Otto Warburg , two times Nobel Prize winner , stated in his book , The Metabolism of Tumors that the primary cause of cancer was the replacement of oxygen in the respiratory cell chemistry by the fermentation of sugar . The growth of cancer cells is initiated by a fermentation process , which can be triggered only in the absence of oxygen at the cell level . What Warburg was describing was a classic picture of acidic conditions . Just like overworked muscle cells manufacture lactic acid by - products as waste , cancerous cells spill lactic acid After we just saw how important sulfur is in human health and how useful a basic chemical like sodium thiosulfate can be , we now get a crash course in the power of sodium bicarbonate and the act of instantly turning cancer cells alkaline . Might as well shoot a guided cruise missile at them - so effective , safe , quick and precise is sodium bicarbonate , inexpensive as well . Just a few pennies a day of it will keep cancer further away , keeping it at arms length from ourselves , patients and loved ones . It A true understanding of cancer is impossible without understanding why some tissues in the body are deficient in oxygen and therefore prone to cancer . Cancerous tissues are acidic , whereas healthy tissues are alkaline . Water ( H2O ) decomposes into H+ and OH - . When a solution contains more H+ than OH - then it is said to be acid . When it contains more OH - than H+ then it is said to be alkaline . When oxygen enters an acid solution it can combine with H+ ions to form water . Oxygen helps to neutralize The pH scale goes from 0 to 14 , with 7 being neutral . Below 7 is acid and above 7 is alkaline . The blood , lymph and cerebral spinal fluid in the human body are designed to be slightly alkaline at a pH of 7.4 . At a pH slightly above 7.4 cancer cells become dormant and at pH 8.5 cancer cells will die while healthy cells will live . This has given rise to a variety of treatments based on increasing the alkalinity of the tissues such as vegetarian diet , the drinking of fresh fruit and vegetable juices , and dietary supplementation with alkaline minerals such as calcium , potassium , magnesium , cesium and rubidium . But nothing can compare to the instant alkalinizing power of sodium bicarbonate for safe and effective treatment of cancer Like magnesium chloride or sulfates are excellent emergency medicines , basic chemicals , nutritional in nature , sodium bicarbonate is a nutritional medicine meaning it can not and will not end up controlled by CODEX . To control bicarbonate they would have to demand mothers stop making cake with it . We might thus identify sodium bicarbonate as an emergency medicine for cancer with the above supporting approaches working on broader levels to help overall physiology change to a degree where body chemistry is unfavorable for new cancer growth . Cancer seems to grow slowly in a highly acid environment ( because the acids cause it to partially destroy itself ) and may actually grow more quickly as your body becomes more alkaline prior to reaching the healthy pH slightly above 7.4 where the cancer becomes dormant . Therefore it is important to get pH above 7.4 quickly . Once one has achieved a pH above 7.4 , it is useful to monitor saliva pH regularly to ensure that the body remains sufficiently alkaline . Earlier and more frequent use of sodium bicarbonate was associated with higher early resuscitability rates and with better long - term neurological outcome . Sodium bicarbonate is beneficial during CPR [ 6 ] . " The therapeutic treatment of bicarbonate salts can be administered orally , through aerosol , intravenously and through catheter for direct targeting of tumors . " All of Dr . Tullio Simoncini ' s treatments with sodium bicarbonate are directed as specifically as possible to the organs involved , for example , vaginally as well as abdominally into the peritoneal space for cervical cancer , through the hepatic artery for liver cancer in order to get the solution as close to the affected area as possible . Sodium bicarbonate administered orally , via aerosol or intravenously can achieve positive results The most effective measure to treat RT - induced mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer is frequent oral rinsing with a sodium bicarbonate rinse , to reduce the amount of oral microbial flora [ 8 ] . Case two : A nine - year - old child is hospitalized and diagnosed with Ewing ' s Sarcoma on the right humerus . Despite several chemotherapy cycles surgery removed the humeral bone . Growth of three tumor masses continued despite continued efforts to stop progression . Sodium bicarbonate salts treatment were then started administered by catheter into the right sub - clavian artery in order to administer the salts ( phleboclysis of 500 cc at five per cent ) directly on the tumoral masses . Of the 3 masses shown by the scographic scan of May 7 , 2001 , whose size is respectively : a . 6.5 cm b . 4.4 cm c . 2.4 cm After the sodium bicarbonate salts treatment only one tumor was left , with a size of only 1.5 cm , which is most likely residual scarring , as shown by the echography of September 10 , 2001 . Sodium bicarbonate injection is also indicated in the treatment of metabolic acidosis which may occur in severe renal disease , uncontrolled diabetes , and circulatory insufficiency due to shock or severe dehydration , extracorporeal circulation of blood , cardiac arrest and severe primary lactic acidosis . Sodium bicarbonate is further indicated in the treatment of drug intoxications , including barbiturates . Sodium carbonate has been found effective in treating poisoning or overdose from many chemicals and pharmaceutical drugs by negating the cardiotoxic and neurotoxic effects [ 9 ] . Sodium bicarbonate is useful in treating neurological disorders in children . Knowledge of sodium bicarbonate is important for parents because the rate of childhood cancer is growing exponentially . But parents who resist the radiation burning , cutting and the lethal chemicals are regularly hauled before the courts only to have their children taken away from them . Oncologists are increasingly resorting to the justice system to have children made wards of the courts who then turn them over to medically irresponsible practitioners . It is inexcusable separating a child from his mother and father in the middle of a medical crisis . Adding to the stress by tormenting patients ' An extremely simple therapy used by physicians who treat autism is to supply a mild antidote that neutralizes the excess acids . The most convenient product is a nonprescription drug called AlkaSeltzer Gold ™ . Do not use any other kind of AlkaSeltzer ™ . AlkaSeltzer Gold ™ is simply a very safe product ( sodium and potassium bicarbonate ) that helps to neutralize excess acids of any kind . Dr . William Shaw on Biological Treatments for Autism and PDD One mother wrote , " It worked so well for both of my children that the die - off was an uneventful experience , even though they both had very high levels of yeast . " The restoring of acid / alkaline balance also relieves many allergies . " These children also had grave disturbances in electrolyte chemistry , and tended to be acidotic ( low CO ) . The data that unfolded was fascinating and clearly earmarked the acidosis and hypoxic state ( low serum bicarbonate = low O2 levels ) . Potassium bicarbonate , sodium bicarbonate , magnesium The acid / alkaline balance is one of the most overlooked aspects of health , though many have written much about it . In general , the American public is heavily acid , excepting vegetarians . Case three : A 62 - year - old patient undergoes surgery in December 1998 for endometrial adenocarcinoma , followed by successive cycles of radiotherapy and anti - hormone therapy . Following the thickening of the peritoneum and the growth of several lymph nodes due to carcinosis ; from the clinical point of view , the patient ' s condition decayed with the presence of exhaustion , general swelling , intestinal meteorism , irregularity of evacuation , steady feeling of heaviness and blood pressure instability . Treatment with a 5 % sodium bicarbonate solution administered alternately thru an endoperitoneal catheter The kidneys are usually the first organs to show chemical damage upon uranium exposure , military manuals suggest doses or infusions of sodium bicarbonate to help alkalinize the urine if this happens . This makes the uranyl ion less kidney - toxic and promotes excretion of the nontoxic uranium - carbonate complex . The oral administration of sodium bicarbonate diminishes the severity of the changes produced by uranium in the kidneys [ 11 ] . Case four : A 40 - year - old patient underwent surgical intervention ( left radical mastectomy ) for mammarian carcinoma seven months earlier . After three months of chemotherapy , the patient is affected by : " diffused pulmonary and hepatic metastasis ; bone metastasis particularly to the fifth and sixth lumbar vertebrae , with invasion and compression of the medullar channel , which is causing extreme pain which makes the patient unresponsive to any treatment . " All pain suppressant drugs – morphine included – are totally ineffective and the patient is totally prostrate even unable to sleep Dr Tullio Simoncini recounts : " As I administer it by slowly injecting 50 cc of sodium bicarbonate solution at 8.4 % , the patient tosses and with a thread of a voice confesses to me that she has slept only two hours in the last week . Exhausted , she whispers to me : " If only I could sleep half an hour tonight . " But the day after , she calls me on the phone and says : " I have slept all night " . After two more lumbar injections of the bicarbonate salts in the Sodium bicarbonate is the chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3 . Sodium bicarbonate ( baking soda ) is commonly used as an antacid for short - term relief of stomach upset , to correct acidosis in kidney disorders , to make the urine alkaline during bladder infections and to minimize uric acid crystallization during gout treatment . Prescription sodium bicarbonate products are given by injection to treat metabolic acidosis and some drug intoxications . Sodium bicarbonate is available as a nonprescription medical as well as a general house hold item . It is also used with other non - prescription drugs for short - term treatment of various conditions to treat anything from fever to moderate Sodium bicarbonate possesses the property of absorbing heavy metals , dioxins and furans . Comparison of cancer tissue with healthy tissue from the same person shows that the cancer tissue has a much higher concentration of toxic chemicals , pesticides , etc . Sodium bicarbonate neutralizes acids present in gases ( in particular hydrochloric acid , suphur dioxide , hydrofluoric acid ) to form sodium salts ( sodium chloride , sodium sulphate , sodium fluoride , sodium carbonate ) , which are all known as Residual Sodium Chemicals . Sodium bicarbonate can be made into a paste salve with vinegar , it relieves burning from bug stings ( particularly bee stings ) , poison ivy , nettles , and sunburn . It is used as an antacid to treat acid indigestion and heartburn . Mixed with water in a 10 % solution can Substituting a sodium bicarbonate solution for saline infusion prior to administration of radiocontrast material seems to reduce the incidence of nephropathy [ 12 ] . Dr . Thomas P . Kennedy American Medical Association Because sodium bicarbonate has long been known and is widely used , it has many other names including sodium hydrogen carbonate , sodium bicarb , baking soda , bread soda , cooking soda , bicarb soda , saleratus or bicarbonate of soda . It is soluble in water . This white solid is crystalline but often appears as a fine powder . It has a slight alkaline taste resembling that of sodium carbonate . It is a component of the mineral natron and is found dissolved in many mineral springs . It is also produced artificially . World wide production It is commonly used to increase the pH and total alkalinity of the water for pools and spas . Sodium bicarbonate can be added as a simple solution for restoring the pH balance of water that has a high level of chlorine . It is sometimes used in septic tanks to control pH and bacteria . Sodium bicarbonate - rich mineral water in conjunction with a low - salt diet may have a beneficial effect on calcium homeostasis [ 13 ] . Distilled water is not safe , it lacks bicarbonates and minerals and yes , it is acid forming to the body . Yet it is an excellent aid in detoxification and chelation for its purity pulls on toxicities in the body . Part of the reason why our body is acid is that it lacks enough bicarbonate necessary to neutralize the acid . Whenever the water lacks the proper bicarbonates to neutralize the water in distilled water your body basically becomes a little more acid . But we can easily treat distilled or reverse osmosis water by adding bicarbonate and pH of the blood is the most important factor to determine the state of the microorganisms in the blood . The native chemical and physical properties of sodium bicarbonate account for its wide range of applications , including cleaning , deodorizing , buffering , and fire extinguishing . Sodium bicarbonate neutralizes odors chemically , rather than masking or absorbing them . Consequently , it is used in bath salts and deodorant body powders . Sodium bicarbonate tends to maintain a pH of 8.1 ( 7 is neutral ) even when acids , which lower pH , or bases , which raise pH , are added to the solution . Its ability to tabletize makes it a good effervescent ingredient in Sodium bicarbonate also is indicated in severe diarrhea which is often accompanied by a significant loss of bicarbonate . Vigorous bicarbonate therapy is required in any form of metabolic acidosis where a rapid increase in plasma total CO2 content is crucial e.g. cardiac arrest , circulatory insufficiency due to shock or severe dehydration , and in severe primary lactic acidosis or severe diabetic acidosis . Sodium Bicarbonate Injection , USP is administered by the intravenous route . In cardiac arrest , a rapid intravenous dose of one to two 50 mL vials ( 44.6 to 100 mEq ) may be given initially and continued at a rate of 50 mL ( 44.6 to 50 mEq ) every 5 to 10 minutes if necessary ( as indicated by arterial pH and blood gas monitoring ) to reverse the acidosis . Caution should be observed in emergencies where very rapid infusion of large quantities of bicarbonate is indicated . Bicarbonate solutions are hypertonic and may produce an In the current system , if a promising compound ca n ' t be patented , it is highly unlikely ever to make it to market , no matter how well it performs in the laboratory or in emergency room situations . The hormone melatonin [ 14 ] sold as an inexpensive food supplement in the United States , has repeatedly been shown to slow the growth of various cancers when used in conjunction with conventional treatments . Dr . Paolo Lissoni , another Italian oncologist has written many articles about this hormone and conducted clinical trials . But he We need a new approach to fight cancer , one that will work safely and effectively since the majority of us are now destined to have to suffer through cancer at one point or another in our lives . The situation in the field of oncology is horrendous and in the area of childhood oncology they have earned their place in the book " The Terror of Pediatric Medicine " , ( which one can download as a free e - book . ) Most people today cringe at the idea of finding a cancer then slashing , burning and poisoning it to smithereens . Most would agree that the mainstream cancer approach offers only marginal benefits at best , and providers push screening and aggressive treatment in part because they have nothing else to give , and also because it ' s very profitable . If the body ' s cellular metabolism and pH is balanced it is susceptible to little illness or disease . Since 1971 , when President Nixon declared war on cancer , the budget of the National Cancer Institute has increased to $ 4.8 billion from half a billion and cancer rates are still going up . For most of the past half - century , medical treatment of invasive tumors like those of the breast and colon has relied mainly on drugs , radiation or both , in effect carpet - bombing the DNA of cancer cells . These highly toxic treatments do not address the root causes of cancer and are extremely dangerous , medical approaches involving the highest The great variety of cancers must reflect a fundamental mechanism by which the disease arises , one that has not been so clearly apparent until now . Though allopathic medicine already uses sodium bicarbonate it will not any day soon turn to its own arsenal of already available safe and inexpensive medications like sodium bicarbonate or magnesium chloride . The medical industrial complex seems unwilling to change its views on cancer so patients will need to quietly ask their doctors for intravenous bicarbonate without specifying it as a substance they want to use to cure their cancer . It will be easier to find someone if one approaches with a need to treat acidic conditions than the actual cancer . Few doctors are willing to risk their licenses so it is better not to put them in an uncomfortable situation that they can not control . The closer the pH is to 7.35 - 7.45 , the higher our level of health and well being and our ability to resist states of disease . Sadly this does not address the need for the use of catheters which target tumors more directly thus pushing us toward a more complete protocol that will target cancer in a more general and comprehensive way . This needs to be done anyway because killing the tumor with a rush of alkalinity that provokes an oxygen rush into the cells will not prevent the condition from reoccurring . Though we can think that acidity is a basic cause of cancer a more basic cause is addressed when we look at what leads to the acidic conditions that are so prevalent Sodium bicarbonate is an anti - fungin substance that is very diffusible and thus very effective . Dr Tullio Simoncini says , " It is useful to consider the extreme sensitivity of fungi to saline and electrolytic solutions . These solutions , because of their extreme capacity for diffusion , are able to reach all the myceliar biological expressions , including the most infinitesimal ones . Salts and bicarbonates , by making the terrain completely inorganic , eliminates the slightest organic fonts that fungi could use for nourishment . In this context , sodium bicarbonate , which is currently used in children ' s oral candidoses , appears to be a simple and handy weapon capable of Cancer is actually a four - letter word ACID , especially lactic acid as a waste product due to the low oxygen level and waste products of yeast and fungus . For centuries , medicated baths have been one of the first lines of treatment for psoriasis . Even today , with sophisticated immunosuppressive treatments available , Dead Sea salts and spa waters are recognized to be beneficial in the management of psoriatic patients . To assess statistically the efficacy of sodium bicarbonate baths in psoriasis patients , thirty - one patients with mild - moderate psoriasis were studied . Almost all patients who used NaHCO3 - reported a statistically valuable improvement . NaHCO3 - baths reduced itchiness and irritation ; in general , the patients themselves recognized a beneficial impact on their psoriasis , so much so that they have continued to bathe in NaHCO3 - even after the end of the study [ 15 ] . Sodium bicarbonate therapy is harmless , fast and effective because it is extremely diffusible . A therapy with bicarbonate for cancer should be set up with strong dosage , continuously , and with pauseless cycles in a destruction work which should proceed from the beginning to the end without interruption for at least 7 - 8 days . In general a mass of 2 - 3 - 4 centimetres will begin to consistently regress from the third to the fourth day , and collapses from the fourth to the fifth . Generally speaking , the maximum limit of the dosage that can be administered in a session gravitates around 500 cc of sodium bicarbonate at five per cent solution , with the possibility of increasing or decreasing the dosage by 20 per cent in function of the body mass of the individual to be treated and in the presence of multiple localisations upon which to apportion a greater quantity of salts , instructs Dr Simoncini . In the early stages of acidic pH in the body ' s tissues , the warning symptoms are mild . These include such things as skin eruptions , headaches , allergies , colds , flu and sinus problems . These symptoms are frequently treated ( manipulated ) with antibiotic drugs and suppressive medications . The longer and the deeper we become acidic the more our illness takes hold so it ' s best to fight acidic conditions early on and in every presenting clinical situation . Certainly a highly toxic drug like anti viral Tamiflu wo n ' t do a fraction of the job sodium bicarbonate will do especially if it ' s combined with magnesium chloride and iodine as well as high levels of vitamin C A Comprehensive and Varied Source for in - depth Information regarding Natural Health , Natural Foods and Natural Alternative Cures can be found at : www . FoodFactor . com Part 2 Because sodium bicarbonate has long been known and is widely used , it has many other names including sodium hydrogen carbonate , sodium bicarb , baking soda , bread soda , cooking soda , bicarb soda , saleratus or bicarbonate of soda . It is soluble in water . This white solid is crystalline but often appears as a fine powder . It has a slight alkaline taste resembling that of sodium carbonate . It is a component of the mineral natron and is found dissolved in many mineral springs . It is also produced artificially . World wide production is on the scale of 100,000 ton / year . Sodium bicarbonate is primarily used in cooking ( baking ) where it reacts with other components to release carbon dioxide , that helps dough " rise . " It is commonly used to increase the pH and total alkalinity of the water for pools and spas . Sodium bicarbonate can be added as a simple solution for restoring the pH balance of water that has a high level of chlorine . It is sometimes used in septic tanks to control pH and bacteria . Sodium bicarbonate - rich mineral water in conjunction with a low - salt diet may have a beneficial effect on calcium homeostasis [ 13 ] . Distilled water is not safe , it lacks bicarbonates and minerals and yes , it is acid forming to the body . Yet it is an excellent aid in detoxification and chelation for its purity pulls on toxicities in the body . Part of the reason why our body is acid is that it lacks enough bicarbonate necessary to neutralize the acid . Whenever the water lacks the proper bicarbonates to neutralize the water in distilled water your body basically becomes a little more acid . But we can easily treat distilled or reverse osmosis water by adding bicarbonate and ( The art and science of water treatment will be covered in The Waters of Life , another IMVA publication due out later this year . The conscious use of water favorably increases medical outcomes , often it even determines the prognosis . You can not separate out hydration from pH . Dehydration would certainly push the body toward acidity . ) pH of the blood is the most important factor to determine the state of the microorganisms in the blood . The native chemical and physical properties of sodium bicarbonate account for its wide range of applications , including cleaning , deodorizing , buffering , and fire extinguishing . Sodium bicarbonate neutralizes odors chemically , rather than masking or absorbing them . Consequently , it is used in bath salts and deodorant body powders . Sodium bicarbonate tends to maintain a pH of 8.1 ( 7 is neutral ) even when acids , which lower pH , or bases , which raise pH , are added to the solution . Its ability to tabletize makes it a good effervescent ingredient in Sodium bicarbonate also is indicated in severe diarrhea which is often accompanied by a significant loss of bicarbonate . Vigorous bicarbonate therapy is required in any form of metabolic acidosis where a rapid increase in plasma total CO2 content is crucial - e.g. cardiac arrest , circulatory insufficiency due to shock or severe dehydration , and in severe primary lactic acidosis or severe diabetic acidosis . Sodium Bicarbonate Injection , USP is administered by the intravenous route . In cardiac arrest , a rapid intravenous dose of one to two 50 mL vials ( 44.6 to 100 mEq ) may be given initially and continued at a rate of 50 mL ( 44.6 to 50 mEq ) every 5 to 10 minutes if necessary ( as indicated by arterial pH and blood gas monitoring ) to reverse the acidosis . Caution should be observed in emergencies where very rapid infusion of large quantities of bicarbonate is indicated . Bicarbonate solutions are hypertonic and may produce an In the current system , if a promising compound ca n ' t be patented , it is highly unlikely ever to make it to market - no matter how well it performs in the laboratory or in emergency room situations . The hormone melatonin [ 14 ] sold as an inexpensive food supplement in the United States , has repeatedly been shown to slow the growth of various cancers when used in conjunction with conventional treatments . Dr . Paolo Lissoni , another Italian oncologist has written many articles about this hormone and conducted clinical trials . But he We need a new approach to fight cancer , one that will work safely and effectively since the majority of us are now destined to have to suffer through cancer at one point or another in our lives . The situation in the field of oncology is horrendous and in the area of childhood oncology they have earned their place in the book The Terror of Pediatric Medicine , ( which one can download as a free e - book . ) Most people today cringe at the idea of finding a cancer then slashing , burning and poisoning it to smithereens . Most would agree that the mainstream cancer approach offers only marginal benefits at best , and providers push screening and aggressive treatment in part because they have nothing else to give , and also because it ' s very profitable . If the body ' s cellular metabolism and pH is balanced it is susceptible to little illness or disease . Since 1971 , when President Nixon declared war on cancer , the budget of the National Cancer Institute has increased to $ 4.8 billion from half a billion and cancer rates are still going up . For most of the past half - century , medical treatment of invasive tumors like those of the breast and colon has relied mainly on drugs , radiation or both , in effect carpet - bombing the DNA of cancer cells . These highly toxic treatments do not address the root causes of cancer and are extremely dangerous , medical approaches involving the highest The great variety of cancers must reflect a fundamental mechanism by which the disease arises , one that has not been so clearly apparent until now . Though allopathic medicine already uses sodium bicarbonate it will not any day soon turn to its own arsenal of already available safe and inexpensive medications like sodium bicarbonate or magnesium chloride . The medical industrial complex seems unwilling to change its views on cancer so patients will need to quietly ask their doctors for intravenous bicarbonate without specifying it as a substance they want to use to cure their cancer . It will be easier to find someone if one approaches with a need to treat acidic conditions than the actual cancer . Few doctors are willing to risk their The closer the pH is to 7.35 - 7.45 , the higher our level of health and well being and our ability to resist states of disease . Sadly this does not address the need for the use of catheters which target tumors more directly thus pushing us toward a more complete protocol that will target cancer in a more general and comprehensive way . This needs to be done anyway because killing the tumor with a rush of alkalinity that provokes an oxygen rush into the cells will not prevent the condition from reoccurring . Though we can think that acidity is a basic cause of cancer a more basic cause is addressed when we look at what leads to the acidic conditions that are so prevalent Dr Tullio Simoncini says , " It is useful to consider the extreme sensitivity of fungi to saline and electrolytic solutions . These solutions , because of their extreme capacity for diffusion , are able to reach all the myceliar biological expressions , including the most infinitesimal ones . Salts and bicarbonates , by making the " terrain " completely inorganic , eliminates the slightest organic fonts that fungi could use for nourishment . In this context , sodium bicarbonate , which is currently used in children ' s oral candidoses , appears to be a simple and handy weapon Cancer is actually a four - letter word ACID , especially lactic acid as a waste product due to the low oxygen level and waste products of yeast and fungus . For centuries , medicated baths have been one of the first lines of treatment for psoriasis . Even today , with sophisticated immuno - suppressive treatments available , Dead Sea salts and spa waters are recognized to be beneficial in the management of psoriatic patients . To assess statistically the efficacy of sodium bicarbonate baths in psoriasis patients , thirty - one patients with mild - moderate psoriasis were studied . Almost all patients who used NaHCO3 - reported a statistically valuable improvement . NaHCO3 - baths reduced itchiness and irritation ; in general , the patients themselves recognized a beneficial impact on their psoriasis , so much so that they have continued to bathe in NaHCO3 - even after the end of the study [ 15 ] . Sodium bicarbonate therapy is harmless , fast and effective because it is extremely diffusible . A therapy with bicarbonate for cancer should be set up with strong dosage , continuously , and with pauseless cycles in a destruction work which should proceed from the beginning to the end without interruption for at least 7 - 8 days . In general a mass of 2 - 3 - 4 centimetres will begin to consistently regress from the third to the fourth day , and collapses from the fourth to the fifth . Generally speaking , the maximum limit of the dosage that can be administered in a session gravitates around 500 cc of sodium bicarbonate at five per cent solution , with the possibility of increasing or decreasing the dosage by 20 per cent in function of the body mass of the individual to be treated and in the presence of multiple localisations upon which to apportion a greater quantity of salts , instructs Dr Simoncini . In the early stages of acidic pH in the body ' s tissues , the warning symptoms are mild . These include such things as skin eruptions , headaches , allergies , colds , flu and sinus problems . These symptoms are frequently treated ( manipulated ) with antibiotic drugs and suppressive medications . The longer and the deeper we become acidic the more our illness takes hold so it ' s best to fight acidic conditions early on and in every presenting clinical situation . Certainly a highly toxic drug like anti viral Tamiflu wo n ' t do In late stages of acidic pH we need to turn to the most alkaline minerals to increase our throw weight of alkalinity into cancer cells . Mass spectrographic and isotope studies have shown that potassium , rubidium , and especially cesium are most efficiently taken up by cancer cells . This uptake was enhanced by Vitamins A and C as well as salts of zinc and selenium . The quantity of cesium taken up was sufficient to raise the cell to the 8 pH range [ 16 ] . There seems little grace left in medicine and it is a disgrace that allopathic medicine does not even use its own emergency medicines , proven heavies like magnesium sulfate and chloride , sodium bicarbonate and iodine to anywhere near a thousandth of a percent of their real medical potentials . Combining pH shift with Heat In the opening paragraph of this chapter we mentioned killing cancer cells with lasers , with heat . " Give me a chance to create fever and I will cure any disease . " Parmenides 2000 years ago Fever is one of the body ' s own defensive and healing forces , created and sustained for the deliberate purpose of restoring health . The high temperature speeds up metabolism , inhibits the growth of the invading virus or bacteria , and literally burns the enemy with heat . Fever is an effective protective and healing measure not only against colds and simple infections , but against such serious diseases as polio and cancer . The idea of destroying cancer with heat is certainly not new and has been widely accepted for a very long time , but has had very limited applications because it was finally concluded that , in order to ensure destruction of the cancerous growth , it is necessary to reach a temperature deadly to healthy cells as well . Many attempts have been made to bypass this problem and some methodologies have been developed like : localized hyperthermia , laserthermia , radio - fractionated hyperthermia and TTT . But they all have limitations and can not complete the job , Hyperthermia gives cancer a hard time : 1 . removing accumulations of stored toxic chemicals that cause cancer 2 . improving circulation so that tissues are both nourished with oxygen and flushed of acidic metabolic wastes 3 . weakening or even killing cancer cells that have a lower tolerance for heat than healthy cells . Thus we should easily conclude that far - infrared sauna treatments are going to help a cancer sufferer no matter which way we slice the treatment protocol . But for a more targeted heat to kill cancer tumors we have Dr . Antonella Carpenter who has perfected the treatment of cancer cells with heat through her use of lasers . She generates the death of the cells by suffocation via heat . Dr Carpenter , a physicist with a clinic in Little Rock , says , " As long as the entire neoplastic mass is exposed to the laser light In a separate chapter we will be talking about hyperthermia in another context , that of the hot bathtub which we will learn to fill with healing substances like sodium bicarbonate . We will be creating our own hot springs , healing pools that will do wonders for our health . Medical treatments of the first order can be had right inside your very own bathtub . Mark Sircus Ac . , OMD Director International Medical Veritas Association www . winningcancer . com http : / / www . imva . info http : / / www . magnesiumforlife . com director at imva . info International Medical Veritas Association Copyright 2007 All rights reserved . IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER : The communication in this email is intended for informational purposes only . Nothing in this email is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice . To unsubscribe write to director at imva . info [ 1 ] http : / / candida - international . blogspot . com / 2007 / 03 / is - cancer - caused - by - candida - fungus . html [ 2 ] Enhancement of chemotherapy by manipulation of tumour pH . Raghunand N , He X , van Sluis R , Mahoney B , Baggett B , Taylor CW , Paine - Murrieta G , Roe D , Bhujwalla ZM , Gillies RJ . Arizona Cancer Center , Tucson 85724 - 5024 , USA . [ 3 ] Enhancement of chemotherapy by manipulation of tumour pH . Raghunand N , He X , van Sluis R , Mahoney B , Baggett B , Taylor CW , Paine - Murrieta G , Roe D , Bhujwalla ZM , Gillies RJ . Arizona Cancer Center . [ 4 ] Jerome B . Westin and Elihu Richter , " The Israeli Breast - Cancer Anomaly , " in Devra Lee Davis and David Hoel , editors , TRENDS IN CANCER MORTALITY IN INDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES ( New York : New York Academy of Sciences , 1990 ) , pgs . 269 - 279 . Following public outcry , Israel banned these chemicals from being used on feed for dairy cows and cattle . Over the next ten years , the rate of breast cancer deaths in Israel declined sharply , with a 30 % drop in mortality for women under 44 years of age , and an 8 % overall decline . At the same time , all other known cancer risks - - alcohol consumption , fat intake , lack of fruits and vegetables in the diet - - increased significantly . During this period , worldwide death rates from cancer increased by [ 5 ] http : / / www . urotoday . com / 38 / browse_categories / renal_cancer / sodium_bicarbonate_infusion_found_to_reduce_risk_of_ contrastinduced_nephropathy . html [ 6 ] Resuscitation outcome in emergency medical systems with increased usage of sodium bicarbonate during cardiopulmonary resuscitation . Bar , Joseph G et al ; Acta Anaesthesiol Scand . 2005 Jan ; 49 ( 1 ) : 6 Entrez PubMed [ 7 ] With the aim to reach the maximum effect , sodium bicarbonate should be administered directly on the neoplastic masses which are susceptible of regression only by destroying the fungal colonies . This is possible by the selective arteriography ( the visualisation through instrumentation of specific arteries ) and by the positioning of the arterial port - a - cath ( these devices are small basins used to join the catheter ) . These methods allow the positioning of a small catheter directly in the artery that nourishes the neoplastic mass , allowing the administration of high dosages With this method , it is possible to reach almost all organs ; they can be treated and can benefit from a therapy with bicarbonate salts which is harmless , fast , and effective - with only the exception of some bone areas such as vertebrae and ribs , where the scarce arterial irrigation does not allow sufficient dosage to reach the targets . Selective arteriography therefore represents a very powerful weapon against fungi that can always be used against neoplasias , firstly because it is painless and leaves no after effects , secondly because the risks are very low [ 8 ] Oncol Nurs Forum . 2002 Aug ; 29 ( 7 ) : 1063 - 80 . A research review of the current treatments for radiation - induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer . Shih A , Miaskowski C , Dodd MJ , Stotts NA , MacPhail [ 9 ] These include , Benzotropines ( valium ) cyclic antidepressants ( amytriptayine ) , organophosphates , methanol ( Methyl alcohol is a cheap and potent adulterant of illicit liquors ) Diphenhydramine ( Benedryl ) , Beta blockers ( propanalol ) Barbiturates , and Salicylates ( Aspirin ) . Poisoning by drugs that block voltage - gated sodium channels produces intraventricular conduction defects , myocardial depression , bradycardia , and ventricular arrhythmias . Human and animal reports suggest that hypertonic sodium bicarbonate may be effective therapy for numerous agents possessing sodium channel blocking properties , including cocaine , quinidine [ 10 ] Patient safety incidents in U.S. hospitals increased by three percent overall from 2003 to 2005 , and the error gap between the nation ' s best - and worst - performing hospitals remained wide . America ' s top rated centers had 40 percent lower rates of medical errors than the poorest - performing hospitals , the study showed . The fourth annual HealthGrades Patient Safety in American Hospitals Study , put out by HealthGrades , an independent health care ratings company , examined over 40 million Medicare hospitalization records at almost 5,000 hospitals from 2003 to http : / / news . yahoo . com / s / hsn / 20070402 / hl_hsn / ushospitalerrorscontinuetorise ; _ylt = AhTSuGfeoKOy8MnsTAMXjknMWM0F [ 11 ] A study of the acidosis , blood urea , and plasma chlorides in uranium nephritis in the dog , and the protective action of sodium bicarbonate . The Journal of Experimental Medicine , Vol 25 , 693 - 719 , Copyright , 1917 , by The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research New York http : / / www . jem . org / cgi / content / abstract / 25 / 5 / 693 [ 12 ] JAMA 2004 ; 291 : 2328 - 2334 , 2376 - 2377 . http : / / www . urotoday . com / 56 / browse_categories / renal_transplantation_vascular_disease / sodium_bicarbonate_ may_prevent_radiocontrastinduced_renal_injury . html [ 13 ] Effect of sodium chloride - and sodium bicarbonate - rich mineral water on blood pressure and metabolic parameters in elderly normotensive individuals : a randomized double - blind crossover trial . J Hypertens . 1996 Jan ; 14 ( 1 ) : 131 - 5 . Department of Internal Medicine , Universitatsklinikum Benjamin Franklin , Free University of Berlin , Germany . [ 14 ] One of the most important supplements for the breast cancer patient is high doses of the hormone melatonin at bedtime . Melatonin blocks estrogen receptors somewhat similarly to the drug tamoxifen without the long - term side effects of tamoxifen . Further , when melatonin and tamoxifen are combined , synergistic benefits occur . Melatonin can be safely taken for an indefinite period of time . The suggested dose of melatonin for breast cancer patients is 3 mg to 50 mg at bedtime . Caution : Although melatonin is strongly recommended for breast cancer patients , interleukin http : / / www . lef . org / magazine / mag99 / jan99 - protocols . html [ 15 ] Old fashioned sodium bicarbonate baths for the treatment of psoriasis in the era of futuristic biologics : An old ally to be rescued ; Journal of Dermatological Treatment ; Volume 16 , Number 1 / February 2005 [ 16 ] " A mass spectrographic analysis of cancer cells showed that the cell membrane readily attached cesium , rubidium and potassium , and transmitted these elements with their associated molecules into the cancer cell . In contrast cancer membranes did not transmit sodium , magnesium , and calcium into the cell : the amount of calcium within a cancer cell is only about 1 % of that for normal cells . Potassium transports glucose into the cell . Calcium and magnesium transport oxygen into the cell . As a consequence of the above , oxygen can not enter cancer cells so the glucose which is normally burned to carbon dioxide and water undergoes fermentation to form lactic acid within the cell . This anaerobic condition was pointed out by Warburg , as early as 1924 . Potassium , and especially rubidium and cesium are the most basic of the elements . When they are taken up by the cancer cells they will thus raise the pH of the cells . Since they are very strong bases as compared http : / / www . mwt . net / ~ drbrewer / highpH . htm take a look at the most amazing & effective combination , Baking Soda & Maple Syrup Cancer Treatment by Dr . Simoncini | [
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http://healthonabudget.com/benefits-of-brushing-your-tongue/ | Benefits of Brushing Your Tongue June 23 , 2012 Comments Off by Robert Anders You probably already know how important brushing and flossing your teeth are to maintaining good dental health . However , without realizing you might be neglecting another important habit to keep your mouth healthy — brushing your tongue . Widespread ignorance about the reasons for and necessity of tongue - brushing is likely due to the fact that , unlike the teeth , the tongue does not contain the hard surfaces and nooks and crannies that can accumulate debris that eventually leads to cavities However , brushing your tongue can be beneficial for other reasons . Prevent Bad Breath or Halitosis By far the most significant problem that can arise from an unbrushed tongue is bad breath or halitosis . The rearmost section of the tongue , in particular , tends to accumulate bacteria that can cause this bad breath . The front section of the tongue , unlike the back section , tends to be more mobile and better at naturally cleaning itself . Cleaning it manually , therefore , can significantly reduce your likelihood of dealing with a recurring bad breath problem . Other Bad Breath Causes Keep in mind , of course , that there are many potential causes for halitosis or bad breath . Bacteria on your tongue is only one of the causes of bad breath . According to Donald Antonson , DDS , the causes of about 85 percent of halitosis cases are found within the mouth , and therefore are easily treated . About 50 percent of these cases are due to unremoved residues on the tongue . However , if you notice a problem with bad breath even after cleaning the tongue , you may need to consult with your doctor . Occasionally , bad breath with no discernible cause can be a symptom of a more serious health condition . Improved Sense of Taste and Weight Loss Taste buds cover the tongue , with each taste bud made up of taste cells . At the tip of every taste cell is a receptor . When the receptor is coated with debris , it is hampered in doing its job . Not only is it difficult for flavors to trigger the taste cell receptors , but increased difficulty in tasting can lead to increased intake of sugar and fat . If your tongue can not taste something and register its consumption , your brain is more likely to crave it . So if you keep your tongue clean , you will be satisfied with less sugar and fat . This may help you lose weight as well . Better Love Life As for the love life connection , even if bad breath is not a problem , what you eat right before a romantic evening might turn off your partner — and brushing alone will not eliminate the smell or taste of pungent food . A clean palate can clear the way for romance . Since you are now aware of health benefits of brushing your tongue , here are some tools to help you clean . Tools to Clean Your Tongue Several different options are available to help you effectively clean your tongue . For example , many disposable plastic flossers for your teeth include built - in tongue scrapers . Of course , these tools have the added benefit that you can simply throw them away after you are finished with them . You can also purchase specially designed tongue brushes , if you wish . However , an ordinary soft toothbrush can also be effective ; some people even use a teaspoon or a Popsicle stick to clean their tongues . Any of these options can work well ; just remember to not be too rough and accidentally hurt yourself . Rubbing or scraping too hard can actually damage your taste buds or your tongue . If you are concerned about your ability to properly clean your tongue , you can take advantage of the fact that many dental practices now offer tongue cleaning along with their other , more traditional services . The problem with having your tongue cleaned at a dentist ’ s office is that you likely will only be there every six months or so . Ideally , you should brush your tongue every time you brush your teeth , but if you can not do it that often , at least try to do so once per day . After you finish brushing your tongue , make sure you rinse your mouth out once or twice with clean , cool water to remove any leftover debris . Ways to Prevent Gagging While Brushing Since cleaning the tongue is so obviously important , you might wonder why everyone is not doing it . For many , the advice to brush or scrap their tongue is ignored , not because they do not believe in its importance , but because it irritates their gag reflex . This problem can be solved by employing the proper technique coupled with practice . By starting at the back , but not too far back , and scraping forward , the natural reaction to avoid unintentional swallowing by gagging is lessened . Practice will enable you to gain a degree of mastery over your reflexes . The important thing is to start slowly , build on your success and continue practicing . It is also worth mentioning you should clean your tongue before brushing your teeth . ( This guest post is contributed by Robert Anders , who writes for Manhattan Orthodontics – Experts in Invisalign braces . For more information and to check Invisalign costs in NYC , you can visit this site . ) | [
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http://healthooze.com/hypochloremia/ | Home Diseases and Conditions Hypochloremia Hypochloremia What is Hypochloremia ? Hypochloremia is an imbalance in electrolyte , where there is abnormal chlorine ion depletion in the blood . Normal value ranges from 97 - 107 mEq / L . However , in hypochloremia , the chloride levels become less than 98mEq / L . It is often associated with hypokalemia , hyponatremia and metabolic acidosis . Chloride Facts Chloride is the major anion seen in both , the blood and the extracellular fluid . According to The Vitamins and Nutrition Center , chloride , potassium and calcium are among the most important serum electrolytes . Anion is nothing , but the negatively charged portion of some substances like sodium chloride ( NaCl ) or table salt , on getting dissolved in liquid . Maximum of chloride ions we get by the food we eat . The normal values increase as we consume more of canned foods rich in salt . Helps in keeping the acid - base balance in the body . Sea water and human fluids has the same concentration of chloride ions . Chloride ion balance is regulated and maintained by the body . Any significant decrease or increase may have harmful or fatal consequences . During digestion , the intestines absorb the chloride . Excess chloride after the digestion process , gets excreted in the urine . Kidneys control the chloride levels in the blood . Abnormal elevation of chloride may be found in diarrhea , hyperparathyroidism and kidney diseases . Chloride joins with hydrogen for forming HCl ( hydrochloric acid ) . Hypochloremia Pathophysiology Due to volume depletions , the chloride level decreases . Hence , the kidneys retain the bi - carbonate and sodium ions for balancing the incurred loss . As a result , bicarbonate accumulates in the ECF , thereby raising the pH level leading to hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis . Hypochloremia Physiological alterations ECF volume contraction Intracellular acidosis Potassium depletion Increased bicarbonate production Decreased serum osmolarity Hypochloremia Causes Metabolic Alkalosis Diarrhea Vomiting Respiratory losses Gastric suction ( NG Suction ) Hyponatremia Adrenal Insufficiency ( Addison ’ s Disease ) Renal Failure Edematous states – Congestive Heart Failure Pseudohyponatremia Salt - losing nephritis Excessive IV fluids during hospitalization Excessive sweating Burns Other Causes Dietary changes ( low sodium diet ) Medications : Loop and Thiazide Diuretics Aldosterone ACTH Corticosteroids Bicarbonates Laxatives Genetic diseases Cystic fibrosis Bartter ’ s syndrome ( is a group of several disorders due to impaired salt reabsorption in the thick ascending Henle ’ s loop ) Hypochloremia Symptoms Excess fluid loss or dehydration ( diarrhea , vomiting ) Low serum chloride levels Muscle hypertonicity ( Spasticity ) Tetany Shallow , depressed breathing Hyponatremia Muscle weakness Muscle twitching Sweating High fever Hypochloremia Diagnosis Serum chloride levels < 98 mEq / L confirm the diagnosis . Serum pH is above 7.45 Serum carbon dioxide levels > 32 mEq / L . Serum osmolarity < 280mOsm / L ( normal = 280 – 295 mOsm / L ) – This reflects the decrease in particle ’ s concentration in ECF . Arterial blood gas analysis for identifying any acid base imbalance . Sometimes , a chloride test can be done on a sample of the total urine collected over a 24 - hour period ( 24 - hour urine sample ) . This finds out how much chloride is excreted in the urine . Things to do when diagnosed with Hypochloremia Inform your doctor Do not take aspirin or aspirin containing products unless permitted Inform your doctor if you have a history of diabetes , kidney , heart or liver diseases Keep yourself hydrated by drinking 8 glasses of fluid every 24 hours . Avoid alcohol and caffeine intake Hypochloremia Treatment Just like other electrolyte imbalances , the treatment of high blood chloride levels or hypochloremia is to correct the underlying cause . It includes the following causes : - For dehydration : Establish and maintain adequate hydration For particular drug treatment : Alter or discontinue the medications ( especially loop and thiazides ) For kidney disease : Refer to a nephrologist For hormone or endocrine causes : Refer to an endocrinologist Treatment Electrolyte replacement therapy IV administration of normal ( 0.9 sodium chloride ) or half strength saline ( 0.45 sodium chloride ) . Ammonium chloride ( an acidifying agent ) – This is for treating the metabolic alkalosis . Dosage depends up on the serum chloride level and weight of the patient . This is contraindicated in cases of impaired renal or liver functions . Oral or intravenous KCl ( 10 - 40mEq PO ) . IV should not exceed 20 mEq / hr Dietary modifications Consume sodium and potassium rich diet , as hypochloremia causes deficiency of these nutrients . When to call your doctor ? Extreme nausea that interferes with eating and not relieved by medicines Vomiting more than 4 to 5 times in a day Diarrhea – 4 to 6 episodes in a day , and not relieved by diet modification or anti - diarrhea drugs Severe constipation for 2 to 3 days , and not relieved by laxatives Irritability and muscle twitching Poor appetite and increased urination Excessive drowsiness or confusion Hypochloremia Prevention The chloride present in the diet we consume is the most common source of mineral , and can help to keep the blood level of chloride within normal limits . According to the National Institute of Health , adults should consume 2 to 2.3 g of chloride / day . This necessity decreases as the age advances , and increases during pregnancy and lactation . Some foods such as include tomatoes and tomato juice , olives , celery , lettuce , etc . are high in chloride . So , this should be consumed during depleted chloride ion levels . References Brunner and Suddarth ’ s textbook of medical - surgical nursing http : / / en . wikipedia . org / wiki / Hypochloremia http : / / www . chemocare . com / managing / hypochloremia - low - chloride . asp http : / / www . fpnotebook . com / renal / Chloride / Hypchlrm . htm http : / / www . unboundmedicine . com / nursingcentral / ub / view / Diseases - and - Disorders / 73623 / all / Hypochloremia Leave a Reply You must be logged in to post a comment . | [
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http://healthresearchfunding.org/florastor-side-effects | Florastor Side Effects Florastor is yeast specific form and being use as friendly bacteria or probiotic . This is to maintain a normal function of bowel and promote healthy intestinal . This works by means of helping the body to maintain a normal bacteria consistency in people ’ s intestines . This is a prescribed medication and ca n ’ t be bought or advisable through an over the counter transaction . Food and Drug Administration did not approve all uses of the medicine . This can be use once prescribed by a health care specialist . This is use to treat irritable bowel , diarrhea , UTI - Urinary Tract Infection , lactose tolerance , yeast vaginal infection and eczema . Your browser does not currently recognize any of the video formats available . Click here to visit our frequently asked questions about HTML5 video . 0 : 00 1 : 13 There are only minimal florastor side effects reported , commonly bloating , stomach gas , chills , persistent cough , increase in thirst and fever . For those who might encounter some allergic reaction ; swelling , itching , rashes , constipation , dizziness and trouble in breathing will be felt . As the body adjusted , it ’ s normal to feel different , but if the given side effect persist the need to seek medical advice and proper medication is advised . A Pregnant or breastfeeding woman is advised to talk to their doctors before taking this to avoid serious problem and to prevent the baby from any harm that a medication can cause . Talk to your health care adiviser and tell them if you ’ re currently taking herbal or other prescribed medicine to make them aware and to avoid negative side effects to happen . If a person is presently allergic to yeast and currently taking anti fungal medication such as voriconazole , nystatin , ketoconazole , itraconazole and clotrimazole they should avoid this product or once again inform their doctor to settle if what other alternative product they can give to their patients . If you ’ re suffering from dehydration , lactose intolerant or currently using venous catheter or also known as Central IV line ; don not take this medication without the knowledge of your doctor . For accidental overdose of Florastor look and go for medical aide right away , even if this product is not life threatening when overdosed it ’ s better to be sure to avoid other serious complications . Florastor Side Effects This helps releases polyamines which repairs the mucous membrane . This increases movement of fatty acids short chains and enzymes disaccharide such as sucrose , maltese and lactese which helps in preventing from different kind of diarrhea . Florastor helps the body stimulated colonic mucosa in repairing , multiplying and growing . Some reports shows that this is efficient against Traveler ’ s diarrhea , IBS , Crohn ’ s disease , Salmonella , Cholera , Candida Albicans , Paraccites and other associated antibiotic diarrhea . The attacks to specific bacterial toxins trough gist produced by yeast . This stimulates the production of IgG and s - IgA , that strengthen peoples digestive tract defense and help fights certain infections . In all health related issues and aspects , it best to seek the best health care provider for proper advice . Taking medications over the counter transaction may cause you more serious sickness . They can advise you on how and when to use it , even if the drug you bought contains preferred dosage , it might not suitable for all people . A person is different from one another and dosage of the medicine will never be the same . They will also consider your allergies towards certain ingredients of medicines and current health situation . Never put Filed Under : Pharmaceutical Articles and Infographics | [
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http://healthresearchfunding.org/non-healing-wound-icd-9-code/ | You are here : Home ICD 9 Codes Non Healing Wound ICD 9 Code Non Healing Wound ICD 9 Code Billable Medical Code for Open Wound ( s ) ( Multiple ) of Unspecified Site ( s ) , Without Mention of Complication Diagnosis Code for Reimbursement Claim : ICD - 9 - CM 879.8 Code will be replaced by October 2015 and relabeled as ICD - 10 - CM 879.8 . The Short Description Is : Open wound site NOS . Known As Non healing wound is also known as accidental needle stick , accidental needle stick injury , accidental needle stick w body fluid exposure , accidental needle stick with exposure to body fluids , degloving injury , gunshot wound , laceration , laceration – injury , open wound , open wound by needle stick with body fluid exposure , puncture wound , puncture wound – injury , and wound from gunshot . This applies to multiple open wounds NOS and open wound NOS . Non Healing Wound Definition and Symptoms A non healing wound is a wound that shows little to no improvement over a prolonged period of time . A non healing wound poses many risks including increase risk of infection and possibly the loss of a limb . Filed Under : ICD 9 Codes Tagged With : Injury And Poisoning ICD 9 Codes | [
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http://healthsciences.howard.edu/education/colleges/pharmacy/about-us/deans-welcome | About About Us Deans Welcome Mission Goals ACPE Outcomes Brochure HUCOP Annual Report 20152016 HUCOP International Contact Us Visit Us FAQs Faculty Directory Staff Directory HUCOP 20142018 Strategic Plan Apply Now Programs EntryLevel Pharm D NonTraditional Pharm D NTDP Graduate Program PhD Admissions Policies COP PrePharmacy Required Courses Departments Clinical Administrative Science Pharmaceutical Science Experiential Programs Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experiences IPPE Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience APPE QuicklinksResources Black Apothecary FAQs Financial Aid Laptop Program Scholarships Current Students Academics Curriculum Student Handbook Blackboard Black Apothecary Scholarships COP Calendar Health Sciences Library Financial Aid Departments Clinical Administrative Science Pharmaceutical Science Student Affairs Resources ProfessionalDevelopment Access Pharmacy Pharmacists Letter Exam Master ExamSoft Pharmacy Library Micromedex FacultyStudent Advisory System Assessment Management System Lexicomp Facts and Comparisons Preceptors Preceptors Corner Register to be a preceptor Training Educational Resources for Preceptors Educational Resources for Preceptors Access Pharmacy Pharmacy Library Preceptor Tool Kit Preceptor Availability 20112012 LogIn to EValue Pharmacist Letter Preceptor Training Faculty Staff Faculty Staff Home Faculty Directory Staff Directory Blackboard BisonWeb COP Course Syllabi Departments Bookstore Health Sciences Libraries Faculty Staff Resources Secure Login VPN Peoplesoft Email Technology Computing Howard University Teaching Research Alumni Friends Alumni Friends Giving to HUCOP Alumni Friends Alumni Association Alumni News Alumni Registration Health Sciences Education Colleges College of Pharmacy About Us Deans Welcome Welcome from Dean Tofade Thank you for visiting the College of Pharmacy website The College had another successful year This was largely due to the effort made by the faculty staff students and alumni After completing a presentation to the Health sciences board of trustees I was told that we are doing a good job We had patents confirmed numerous publications and invitations to speak by our faculty I truly agree with our students who say that HUCOP is one of the best kept secrets As I continue my tenure as Dean of the College I invite you to join this prestigious institution You will be moved by the passion culture and ceremonies displaying the richness the College has to offer My first convocation ceremony brought back memories of commitment and resolve to do what it takes to serve humanity and move the profession forward Most importantly I look forward to serving the students staff faculty and alumni in any way I can The work has begun and we are excited for the coming year My vision for the College is clear I would like Howard University College of Pharmacy to become the premier University in teaching learning research leadership and service locally and globally We must build upon the successes of our great predecessors carrying the torch of excellence making sure the world knows we are here to serve we are here to learn and we are here to lead Students continue to have a variety of opportunities to participate in research clinical training and community pharmacy initiatives to enhance the educational opportunities provided through the curriculum Students are gaining realworld experience in international pharmacy practice through international rotations At a board of trustees meeting I was asked to highlight key points that make HUCOP stand out our leaders came up with this list 1 We are situated in the nations capital Giving us access to big hospitals NIH FDA USP and pharmaceutical companies where students can have excellent experiential education Student access to government and federal agencies that impact pharmacy law and practice 2 We have 150 years of pharmaceutical education experience A dynamic integrated curriculum complete with interprofessional education cutting edge research opportunities and experiences A diverse and multicultural environment that facilitates the delivery of culturally competent care Opportunities for students to participate in International Rotations in Ethiopia Ghana India Qatar South Africa South Korea Zambia and other global sites A competitive tuition among private schools Engaged alumni who give back by serving the institution as preceptors instructors faculty mentors and donor contributors Ambitious students who are intelligent inquisitive conscientious culturally sensitive compassionate and possess leadership qualities Competent and nurturing faculty with national and international reputations 110 ratio Caring staff who support the students throughout their tenure Pharmily Pharmacy graduates who serve as leaders in academia industry community Pharmacy and entrepreneurial efforts 3 We are Leaders You are not JUST another number we know your name and face You will experience the personal touch here Join us There is a lot going on at the College as you will see in the web pages We look forward to meeting you in person and getting to know you more For the parents and guardians of our students we thank you for entrusting your loved one to us We raise leaders here and we are honored to have them join a respectable cadre of global leaders Come by and visit we would love to meet you as well In Service Toyin Tofade MS PharmD BCPS CPCC Dean and Professor toyintofadehowardedu Follow me on Twitter Hurxdean About Us Deans Welcome ACPE Outcomes Disclosure Mission Faculty Directory Staff Directory Contact Us Visit Us | [
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http://healthsourceofohio.org/index.php?page=mt-washington-family-practice | Mt Washington Family Practice Hours Monday Friday 7 am 530 pm HealthSource Mt Washington Family Practice is located right on Beechmont Avenue on Metro Routes 24 30x and 81x MapDirections Our Family Practice providers treat patients of all ages They provide comprehensive and continuing health care for both males and females Your Family Practitioner may treat you and your family members for acute conditions such as a minor injury the flu or a sore throat He or she may also treat patients for chronic conditions such as diabetes or high cholesterol Our Mt Washington Clinicians Monica Brown CFNP Robert Kuo DO Address 6131 Campus Lane Cincinnati OH 45230 MapDirections Phone 5137325088 Fax 5132312620 What our patients are saying the Nurse Practitioner and staff at the Mt Washington office are friendly and I always get in and out quickly | [
"patients"
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http://healthsurgical.com/cervical-lordosis.html | Cervical Lordosis What is Cervical Lordosis ? In This Article show Cervical lordosis refers to that slight inward curve within the cervical spine that encompasses the 7 cervical vertebrae of the neck . This is a normal neck curve and very advantageous to get both the head and the spine be in a stabilized position without any discomfort . The cervical spine is considered healthy with its slight lordotic curve and the anatomical position is significant in its role to support the weight of the head . The problem will just arise in relation to cervical lordosis when there will be a straightening of the curve or in instances where the curve can be going into a different direction ; it can also be an excessive forward curve of the neck which can lead to pain , feelings of strain or any possible complications . It has to be noted that an excessive spinal curve of the neck , with the main characteristic of an exaggerated C - shape of the upper back of a person or a noted straightening of the normal curve , located just below the skull region is a case of cervical lordosis . Signs and Symptoms of Cervical Lordosis People who have cervical lordosis curve problem may not manifest the clinical symptoms at times until it becomes worse , requiring management of pain or even surgery . A cervical lordosis curve that is lost or misaligned can result to the following symptoms : Neck and back pain Neck stiffness Vertigo and nausea Headache and tinnitus High blood pressure Insomnia and fatigue Nervousness and confusion Numbness or tingling sensation in the neck Causes of Cervical Lordosis There a lot of predisposing factors which may lead to problems of a healthy spine in cervical lordosis and these are : Inherited condition as taken from genes with degradation problem of the spinal column as a person ’ s age increases Injury or trauma to the neck Stress and strain to the neck Slouching due to failure to maintain good posture , especially with prolonged sitting or standing Osteoporosis where bones undergo some degradation in the spine Obesity is approximately affecting about 90 % pf obese people because of strain in the back to support an excess weight How is Cervical Lordosis Diagnosed ? The physician performs a thorough physical examination of the patient based on the clinical manifestations and history taking done . The diagnosis associated with some anatomical changes with cervical lordosis is confirmed through procedures like X - rays and magnetic resonance imaging . How is Cervical Lordosis Treated ? An early assessment and diagnosis of an existing cervical lordosis problem paves the way for immediate medical interventions to be done , utilizing available treatment options and preventing possible complications . Reversal techniques Reversal techniques for cervical lordosis have to be done for the following reasons : Achievement of correct posture Prevention of spinal injury Prevention of inadequate supply of oxygen and nutrients going to the brain Prevention of osteoporosis due to spine misalignment Exercises Exercises can also be done to reverse cervical lordosis and improve the straightened position of the neck and spine curvature through : Neck flexion – Gentle flexing of the neck back and forth , similar to a nodding action Neck retraction – Keeping a forward - facing stance and retracting the neck just enough to feel the stretch and holding it for 5 seconds Neck extension – Lifting head to the ceiling and the head tilted back for about 5 seconds and back to an upright position Upper neck nodding – Lying flat on the floor and pushing gently the back of the neck towards the floor , then lifting the head about an inch distance from the floor watching the feet direction , holding for 5 seconds and back to position Medical approaches Medical approaches for the reversal of cervical lordosis : Physical therapy aimed at gaining back good posture Chiropractic therapy for correct body posture Use of support pillows during sleeping time to stabilize the neck Use of special traction wedges at home to correct the neck curve problem Application of orthotics so that correct posture can be maintained during prolonged standing and walking Surgery for spinal fusion is the last resort for some patients to resolve the problem of cervical lordosis due to some risk and possible permanent changes in the lifestyle of an affected person References Do You Suffer From Loss of Cervical Lordosis ? , So Why Do We Need These Curves In Our Spine ? How Is It Harmful To The Body If They Are Abnormal ? at http : / / www . drkarencann . com / 2011 / 08 / 31 / do - you - suffer - from - cervical - lordosis / http : / / healthbooklet . hubpages . com / hub / The - Importance - of - Reversal - of - Cervical - Lordosis Exercises to Do at Home for Cervical Lordosis at http : / / www . livestrong . com / article / 168698 - exercises - to - do - at - home - for - cervical - lordosis / Harrison , D.E. , Harrison , D.D. , Colloca , C.J. , Betz , J . , Janik , T.J. , Holland , B . ( 2003 ) . Repeatability of posture overtime , x - ray positioning , and x - ray line drawing : an analysis of six control groups . J Manipulative Physiol Ther . 26 : 87 – 98 . Harrison , D.E. , Harrison , D.D. , Haas , J.W. ( 2002 ) . CBP Structural rehabilitation of the cervical spine . Harrison CBP Seminars , Inc . , Evanston ( Wyo ) . 42 – 45 . Gore , D.R. ( 2001 ) . Roentgenographic findings in the cervical spine in asymptomatic persons . A ten - year follow - up . Spine . 26 : 2463 – 2466 . | [
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http://healthybody.me/hip-flexor-injury-guide-strains/ | Injury Hip Flexor Injury Causes and Diagnosis December 12 , 2013 Body Prerequisite knowledge required : Basic knowledge of Hip flexor anatomy . Hip flexor injuries are the third most common type of injury for runners [ 1 ] . Athletes in multiple sports , including soccer and hockey have a 12 % yearly incident of a hip or groin injury [ 2 ] . Even if you are not an athlete , there are still several ways that you could hurt them in your daily life , that will be addressed in this guide . You will learn how to differentiate types of pain , how pain corresponds to different injuries , and how to diagnose and treat your injury . Guide Contents Causes of Injury Types of Hip Flexor Injuries Identifying Type of Your Injury Determining the Type of Your Pain Classifying Your Hip Flexor Pain Severity Diagnosing Your Hip Flexor Injury Hip Flexor Strains Tendonitis Snapping Hip Syndome Pointers Hip Bursitis Common Causes of a Hip Flexor Injury While injuries occur predominantly during athletic events , all of the following risk factors can increase your chance of incidence in ordinary circumstances . There are 3 main factors that contribute , it is possible for more than one to contribute to an injury : 1 . Muscular Imbalance When a set of opposing muscles ( two muscles that perform opposite functions ) have different levels of strength , you increase your chance of getting hurt [ 3 ] . The Hip Flexor as a muscle group contains several sets of opposing muscles , all of which are needed for common athletic movements , which explains some of the prevalence of soft tissue injuries in sport . 2 . Weak or Tight Muscles This is again a concern for athletes . If you have a weak muscle and exert a great amount of stress on it , it is likely to cause damage to the muscle or surrounding tissues ( ligaments , tendons etc . ) . Muscles in the hip region are expected to perform under extreme forces of over 20 times your bodyweight [ 4 ] . Similarly , chronically tight muscles have a reduced stress threshold , just like a stretched elastic band . 3 . High Intensity Training In a similar mechanism to damaging weak muscles , it is possible to over - exert your muscles while performing high intensity activities . Having poor technique , equipment ( shoes ) or performing it on a slippery or uneven surface increases the risk of injury . Types of Hip Flexor Injuries Many sources focus on the most prevalent type of injury , strains , but in reality there are several types : Skeletal : Fractures , bone bruising Articular : Arthritis , tendonitis Soft Tissue : Bursitis , snapping hip syndrome , pointers ( bruises ) , strains Neural : Trapped / inflamed nerves Referral : Spine injuries that cause hip pain Developmental : Rare diseases and disorder affecting bone and tissue growth Other : Various diseases , tumors , infections etc . Identifying the Type of Your Injury Many injuries can be identified by addressing a few points in a subjective test , which is what a medical professional will likely start with . They can then can be confirmed with objective tests that determine your current strength , flexibility and pain abilities . Subjective Tests : There are a variety of questions you should attempt to answer to understand your injury better : Location of pain : Does it hurt in one area or multiple ? Patterns of pain : Does the time of the day have any effect on the severity of the pain ? Is it a sharp pain or a dull radiating pain ? Functional difficulties : Does it hurt when you perform any specific movements to your knowledge . If so , what are the movements ? Aggravating factors : What makes it start to hurt more . Common factors are heat , movement ( walking , running , climbing stairs etc . ) , and sitting or lying in certain positions Remember your answers to those questions going forward as they will help you narrow down the cause . Practical Tests Now that you understand the background of your injury a little better there are a few practical tests that you can do to gain more information . Being with a series of range of motion tests . Since the Hip Flexor is involved in many different movements you should try the following : * * Go slow and always in a controlled movement and try both legs individually and compare . 1 . Knee to Chest : Simply lift up one knee and try to reach it as far up as possible to your chest . If you experience pain at any point stop and take a note . 2 . External and Internal Rotation : Lift up your knee to a 90 degree angle in front of you . Without turning your whole body , rotate your leg to your side , and then back across your body . Note any pain . 3 . Leg Swing Front and Back : Put all of your weight on one leg and swing the other leg in front of you and then behind you . 4 . Leg Swing Side to Side : Put all of your weight on one leg and swing the other leg side to side in front of your body . An injury will typically reveal itself during those 4 tests through some type of pain . Regardless of it did or not , you should now move onto palpation . Palpation simply means to feel , press various points around the area to locate where and how deep the pain is . Figuring out what type of pain and why you are experiencing it is necessary to understand your injury and treat it . Determining the Type of Hip Flexor Pain Not all injuries are created equally , for example an ankle sprain feels different than a bruise . Because the Hip Flexor is a complicated muscle group with many different muscles and other structures like nerves , bursae and tendons in the region , there are many different types of pain you can suffer . Sharp / Stabbing Pain If you ’ re able to move about fine for the most part , but seem to almost randomly get sharp , stabbing pains in your hip region , the issue is most likely nerve related . Nerves run throughout your body , and considering how close the Hip Flexors are located to your spine , there are many opportunities for them to become damaged or pinched Burning Sensation Muscles and even tendons can become inflamed when put under excess stress or damaged by some sort of trauma . The pain typically associated with inflammation is a dull burning pain that radiates outwards from the point of damage . Injuries like tendonitis and snapping hip syndrome are examples of inflammation injuries . Other Pains There are many types of pain that do n ’ t fit into the above two categories . There are some that seem like a constant ( chronic ) pain , and some that only occur under certain circumstances , which are addressed below in the next section . Classifying the Type and Cause of Your Hip Flexor Pain [ adinserter block = ” 1 ″ ] Very often when it comes to soft tissue injuries , you ’ ll only really notice the pain during certain activities . Pain in Hip Flexor During Stretch It ’ s possible to feel pain when you stretch your Hip Flexors , even during a slight stretch like when you ’ re walking . It ’ s important to differentiate between pain and discomfort , as people with tight Hip muscles will feel discomfort and tension when stretching , but that does n ’ t mean anything is necessarily injured . Now if you do actually feel pain while stretching , it ’ s likely indicative of a muscle injury and it ’ s important you do n ’ t stretch it anymore , as it will exacerbate Hip Flexor Pain During Activity There are times where you may be able to stretch and do all normal movements without any pain , but then you start running or some kind of activity and notice pain in your Hip Flexor . This is very common with less severe Hip Flexor injuries , especially with low grade strains . This is an indication that some of your muscles are weak and need to be strengthened . Clicking If you have pain simultaneously with a loud clicking sound , there is one injury in particular that is common with athletes that can cause this called Snapping Hip Syndrome . It ’ s an overuse injury that causes an inflamed tendon to get stuck on bone and make a ‘ snap ’ or ‘ click ’ sound . Note that you can have more than one type of pain . Many injuries will not just damage one structure in the hip region , but many . Once you have a better handle on what injury you have , you can move onto identifying how serious it is . Determining the Severity If you have experience with similar injuries in the past you may have a sense for the severity of the injury by the pain you are experiencing . Otherwise , in order to objectively identify the severity you should perform both muscle strength and flexibility tests . Certain injuries like strains are associated with a weakened muscle ( because of tearing ) and inflexibility ( because of inflammation ) . Strength : Try to find a machine at a gym or physiotherapy office that allows you to perform weighted leg raises . Perform the exercise slowly with each leg and record any significant strength differences . Here are some common Hip Flexor strengthening exercises you could use as tests . Flexibility : Lie flat on your back and bring your knees towards your chest with your feet on the ground . Pain indicates a lack of flexibility as well as an angle from your chest to your thighs of more than 120 degrees . To determine if there is a neural issue stay lying on your back with your legs extended on the floor . One leg at a time , raise your single leg up to a 90 degree angle . A stretching sensation is normal but pain is typically caused by a trapped or impeded nerve . Note that you should try a variety of stretches in order to see if any minor muscles are damaged . Diagnosing Your Hip Flexor Injury Now that you have compiled information about your injury it is time to attempt to identify your specific issue , learn more about it , and get the specific treatment you need . Here is a brief description of common injuries as well as a link to an article where you can learn more about it and treatment options . Hip Flexor Strains Anyone who plays sports is likely to suffer a hip flexor strain ( or pull ) at one point or another . It ’ s a common injury that can hamper you in your daily life due to a severe amount of pain , as well as preventing you from engaging in athletics of any type . A muscle pull occurs when you place more stress on a muscle than it can handle . This commonly occurs when it is fully extended and at its weakest . For example , pulled Hip Flexors are very common in sprinters , who place a great deal of force on them as their leg extends behind their body . In this full stretch your main muscles , comprising the Iliopsoas , are at high risk . The most common symptoms of a strain is a tearing or popping sound when it occurs and immediate pain . You ’ ll often notice that the pain subsides when you place light pressure ( with a brace or your hand ) on the location of the tear . This is because it helps the rest of the muscle tissue stay together . Classifying Your Pull Each muscle contains thousands of fibers . A strain is literally a tearing of those muscle fibers . In general there are three degrees of pulled muscles that are used to classify the severity of the injury . All of the degrees exist on a spectrum of muscle damage , so remember that two injuries that are both a first degree injury may not be the exact same severity . First Degree Hip Flexor Strain If you ’ re lucky you ’ ll only have a first degree pull . This is a minor tear to the muscle , typically only a few or few dozen muscle fibers . It can heal fairly quickly , usually within a week or two . You may not have noticed the instant when your tore your muscles , but then notice pain and soreness afterwards . Second Degree Hip Flexor Strain A partial tear of the muscle is considered a second degree issue , where a significant amount of muscle fibers have been torn . It will cause considerable pain and probably make it difficult to move your leg ( or any movement that requires your Hip Flexor ) . Bruising and swelling is not uncommon , but usually subsides rather quickly . With proper treatment , a second degree pulled muscle takes anywhere from four to eight weeks to heal . Third Degree Hip Flexor Strain Following the pattern , a third degree strain is the worst , a complete rupture of the muscle . This is obviously very painful , and will likely cause swelling and make it difficult to move your leg at all . If you suspect there ’ s a chance of a third degree tear , get to a doctor as soon as possible . Assessing the Damage Pain is not always a perfect indication of the severity of the damage . When you see a sports physician , he / she will assess the injury based on strength and flexibility . By testing both the healthy leg and the damaged leg , you can see the difference in them . If there is no loss or very little loss in flexibility or strength , it ’ s considered a grade one sprain . A second degree pull is indicated by a significant loss of strength or flexibility and so on . An Advanced Way to Classify Pulled Muscles If your body is part of your work or is something you need at 100 percent , there is a further option to gauge exactly how bad the damage is . What the above system does not take into account , is the location of the strain , i.e. distance from muscle attachment , and depth of the tear . One way to see the real damage is with an MRI ( Magnetic resonance imaging ) [ 1 ] . Below is a typical MRI image for reference . Your doctor will be able to tell you the exact level of your strain , which may affect your recovery plans . Hip Flexor Strain Treatment Seeing a physician is always a good idea , he / she will be the only one with enough experience to accurately identify the severity of your strain . If you ’ re looking for best practices for pulled muscle treatment , refer to our article on Hip Flexor injury treatment Tendonitis Tendonitis is an inflammation injury , often the result of overuse of one , or multiple muscles . It is typically a dull , burning sensation in the area of the inflamed tendon . Pain is caused when other internal tissues make contact with the tendon . Learn more about hip flexor tendonitis here Snapping Hip Syndrome Like tendonitis , this is typically an overuse injury . It is fairly easy to identify because of the snapping sound that your joint makes when making a particular movement ( very common in dancing ) . Depending on the severity , there is not always pain associated with it . Patients with tendonitis must rest until the inflammation subsides , and then strengthen the surrounding muscles to ensure that it does not return . Pointers A pointer is a bruise that is usually caused as a result of a blunt trauma , which can occur in sports or anytime in daily activities . Usually not serious , but can cause pain when touched . Pain often gets better after movement or stimulation ( light massage ) allows more blood to flow to the area . Most will heal within a few weeks , and activity can typically be continued with no side effects . Severe pointers should be examined by physicians . Hip Bursitis Also an inflammation injury , bursitis is caused by inflammation of one or more bursae . A bursa is a gel - containing sac that cushions vital internal structures during movement . When they get inflamed , they will cause pain when touched . If you have a good idea of what might be causing your injury , you can now look into Hip Flexor injury treatment | [
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http://healthycanadians.gc.ca/eating-nutrition/healthy-eating-saine-alimentation/safety-salubrite/meat-viandes/hamburger-eng.php | Hamburger safety tips Canada ' s food supply is considered one of the safest in the world . Still , if you eat undercooked ground beef it may result in a type of food poisoning that is commonly called hamburger disease . You can minimize your risk by handling and cooking raw ground beef properly . On this page : Health risks Safety Tips Shopping Chilling Cleaning Thawing Cooking How the Government of Canada protects you For more information Health risks Some people can get a foodborne illness , also known as " food poisoning " , and not even know they have it . Food poisoning is caused by eating foods that are contaminated . Raw ground beef can be contaminated with bacteria like E . coli . Two of the most common ways to be infected with E . coli are by handling raw ground beef without washing your hands afterwards and by eating ground beef that is undercooked . Illness from E . coli usually lasts five to ten days . Most people recover completely but on rare occasions certain people may suffer more serious effects . The groups at higher risk for serious health effects include pregnant women children under the age of 5 adults over the age of 60 and people with weakened immune systems . You should see a health care professional and contact your local public health unit as soon as possible if you think you have a foodborne illness . Did you know ? You ca n ' t tell if ground beef is contaminated by the way it looks , smells , or tastes . Safety tips Cooking food at high temperatures usually kills bacteria contained in your food . However , it does n ' t help to control bacteria that may have spread to your refrigerator , counters or utensils while the food was being stored or prepared . Follow the safety tips below to protect your family . Shopping Buy cold or frozen food at the end of your shopping trip . Check the " best before " date on hamburger and other meat products . These dates do not guarantee product safety but they do give you information about the freshness and potential shelf - life of the unopened foods you are buying . Place the beef in a separate plastic bag at the bottom of the cart to prevent it , or its juices , from making contact with other items in the grocery cart . If you use reusable grocery bags or bins , make sure to use a specific bag or bin for meat , poultry or seafood . Label the bag or bin with the type of food it carries . Wash your reusable grocery bags frequently , especially if you are carrying raw meat . Chilling It is extremely important to keep cold food cold and hot food hot , so that your food never reaches the " temperature danger zone " where bacteria can grow quickly and cause food related illnesses . Keep your raw meat cold . Bacteria grow rapidly at room temperature . When you buy meat , do n ' t leave it sitting in the car or on a counter when you get home . Refrigerate or freeze it immediately . Make sure your refrigerator is set at 4 ° C ( 40 ° F ) or lower and your freezer at - 18 ° C ( 0 ° F ) or lower . This will keep your food out of the temperature danger zone between 4 ° C ( 40 ° F ) to 60 ° C ( 140 ° F ) where bacteria can grow quickly . Place the beef in a clean container or a plastic bag that will hold any leaking juices . Always marinade meat in the refrigerator , never at room temperature . Cook fresh raw ground beef within no more than one to two days after purchasing . If you do not intend to cook it within this time , it should be frozen . Cleaning The process of getting hamburgers and other beef ready for the oven , pan or grill can spread bacteria to other foods , surfaces or people . Follow the advice below to avoid getting sick . Wash your hands with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds . An alcohol - based hand rub can be used if soap and water are not available . You should always wash your hands before and after you touch raw meat , after using the washroom , after handling pets and after changing diapers . If you ' ve used a plate or utensils to handle raw food , do n ' t use them again until you ' ve washed them thoroughly in the dishwasher or in warm , soapy water . Or use clean plates and utensils . Use one cutting board for produce , and a separate one for raw meat . Use paper towels to wipe kitchen surfaces , or change dishcloths daily to avoid the risk of cross - contamination and the spread of bacteria . Avoid using sponges , as they are harder to keep bacteria - free . Sanitize countertops , cutting boards and utensils before and after preparing food . Use a kitchen sanitizer ( following the directions on the container ) or a bleach solution ( 5 ml household bleach to 750 ml of water ) , and rinse with water . Thawing The safest way to thaw beef is in the refrigerator . Always defrost beef in the refrigerator or in the microwave - never at room temperature . Refrigerator To thaw beef , place it in a clean container or platter that will hold any raw juices that may leak out . Place this container or platter on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator to prevent contaminating other foods in the refrigerator . Microwave If you thaw by microwave , cook the meat immediately once it has thawed . Remember , to avoid cross - contamination , thoroughly wash your hands , and clean and sanitize the sink and all other utensils , dishes , and surfaces that came into contact with raw beef and its juices . Did you know ? Colour does not always tell you if hamburgers are safe to eat . Cook ground beef until the thickest part is 71ºC ( 160ºF ) ! Cooking Make burger patties thin so that they cook all the way through . Cook hamburger and other ground meats thoroughly . Ground beef can turn brown before disease - causing bacteria are killed . Remove the hamburger from the grill , pan or oven and use a digital thermometer to take the temperature in the thickest part of the meat . Cook until the thermometer reads at least 71ºC ( 160ºF ) . Follow the manufacturer ' s directions on the proper use of your specific food thermometer . Oven - safe meat thermometers designed for testing whole poultry and roasts during cooking are not suitable for testing beef patties . Make sure all the hamburgers are ready ! If you are cooking more than one , take the temperature in several of the thickest patties . At 71 ° C ( 160 ° F ) a safely cooked ground beef patty may vary from slight pink to brown , depending on whether the ground beef was fresh or frozen , and how it was thawed . Never place cooked food back on the same plate or cutting board that previously held raw food - people often make this mistake when cooking on the barbeque . Do not let ready - to - eat foods like lettuce , tomatoes , cheese , etc . come into contact with raw meat or its juices . Never use left - over marinade for basting or as a sauce , unless you boil it first to kill bacteria . Always wash the food thermometer and other utensils and dishware that were used on raw or partially cooked ground beef before using them to check again . If you have leftovers make sure to refrigerate or freeze them within two hours to minimize the chance of bacteria growing . Use refrigerated leftovers within two to four days . When reheating food , make sure it ' s cooked to a temperature of 74 ° C ( 165 ° F ) . In general , you should n ' t reheat the same leftovers more than once . How the Government of Canada protects you The Government of Canada is committed to food safety . Health Canada establishes regulations and standards relating to the safety and nutritional quality of foods sold in Canada . Through inspection and enforcement activities , the Canadian Food Inspection Agency verifies that food sold in Canada meets Health Canada ' s requirements . For more information Food safety tips Food and Nutrition ( It ' s Your Health Barbecuing Causes of food poisoning Food Safety Portal Be Food Safe Food Safety Tips ( CFIA ) Food Safety ( PHAC ) For industry and professionals Report a problem or mistake on this page Date modified : 2013 - 07 - 12 | [
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http://healthycures.org/how-to-repair-your-kidneys-naturally-using-baking-soda | How to Repair Your Kidneys Naturally Using Baking Soda 0 – For more Health & Wellness related Updates and News , make sure you follow us on our Facebook and Twitter pages . - Very few people are aware that many household chemicals you use in the kitchen have untapped healing properties . One of the most common household items , however , has a potential that is rather difficult to believe . The basic ingredient in baking soda , sodium bicarbonate , has come under increased scrutiny lately because it appears that this chemical has the potential to repair or improve the operation of the human kidney . In 2009 , British scientists at the Royal Hospital in London uncovered research that bicarbonate slows the progress of kidney disease . In addition , the US National Health Institute has conducted experiments that show that kidney dialysis using bicarbonate agents have more restorative properties than standard dialysis treatments . It may be hard to accept , but the box you keep in your refrigerator to keep the ham from stinking may also save your life . What Causes Kidney Damage First , it is important to understand what causes typical kidney damage so you can understand how it is normally treated and how sodium bicarbonate differs from these standard treatments . Your endocrine system produces hormones and enzymes to help digest food into safer chemical your body can process . The pancreas is normally the organ that produces the majority of sodium bicarbonate to protect your kidneys during digestion . Sometimes , even your kidneys will produce additional amounts of this enzyme depending on the type of diet you subject your digestive system to . If your diet puts too much strain on these two organs ( especially a diet rife with sugars , fried fatty foods and other unhealthy choices that cause your endocrine system to work overtime in order to process these proteins and sugars ) , they will both suffer significant reduction in their ability to produce sodium bicarbonate naturally . Without sufficient bicarbonate production to neutralize the acids produced during digestion , these acids can erode organ health , damage your kidneys and speed the aging process in adults . How Does Bicarbonate Repair Kidneys When those with significant kidney damage undergo dialysis or kidney treatment , sodium bicarbonate is one of the most common agents used . This process , known as acid buffering , is means of base supplementation , and is the basis for most new forms of dialysis treatments . This agent , when processed through the dialysis machine , helps in the removal of excess fluids and waste material from your bloodstream . Therefore , dialysis is helping add the sodium bicarbonate that your kidneys can no longer produce into your endocrine system to help you process food and waste materials in your blood stream . When your body is producing normal amounts of bicarbonate on its own , this can extend the life of your kidneys , your overall endocrine system and your total lifespan . What evidence provides substantial proof of this claim ? The US National Health Institutes conducted studies that first noted the effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate dialysis in the place of normal , acetate - free biofiltration dialysis . Patients place on the SBD treatment had greater nitrate oxide synthase , the process that balances the pH of your blood . Patients on normal acetate - free biofiltration had a lower reaction than BHD in activating vessel wall cells to synthesis / release of pro - inflammatory and pro - apoptotic mediators . Additionally , other studies done by Dr Ione de Brito - Ashurst and his colleagues from the Department of Renal Medicine and Transplantation , showed that daily sodium bicarbonate intake slows the progress of chronic kidney disease and prevent patients from ever having to undergo kidney dialysis . This randomized controlled trial showed that patients were given a minor daily dose of SB during a yearlong period had only 2 / 3 of the kidney function decline shown in patients given standard kidney disease treatment . In short , sodium bicarbonate can prevent and in some case reverse the onset of chronic kidney failure and stop related diseases like heart disease and end - stage renal disease . How Should You Use Baking Soda to Repair Your Kidneys Naturally ? Daily sodium bicarbonate intake is not for everyone . It is usually administered in powder form along with water and can be very difficult for sensitive stomach or who are easily prone to nausea to ingest easily . Fortunately , it is not toxic , so anyone who can tolerate the appalling taste and can overcome the initial onset of nausea can take it daily to prevent kidney disease and degeneration of your endocrine system . Properly administering for those in danger of developing kidney disease involves initially includes taking 1 / 2 teaspoon of SB sublingual ( dissolve it under your tongue ) on the first day . Next , take 1 / 2 teaspoon of SB and 1 / 2 tsp of sodium chloride ( cooking salt ) in 1.5 liters of drinking water daily for two to three days . Then , reduce your daily dosage to 1 / 4 tsp baking soda and 1 / 3 tsp salt . If this still makes you feel sick , then just take the listed People should note that there are still some additional test that need to be conducted to create a complete picture of the benefits that daily sodium bicarbonate intake might produce . However , for those who are serious about repairing the damage that an unhealthy lifestyle or a fat and sugar rich diet may have cause , household baking soda may be the miracle you have been looking for . Thanks for taking the time to read this article . If you found this information helpful , please share it with your friends and family . Your support in our endeavor of sharing free information would be much appreciated . A quick note from our founder - Over the past year , my friend Dave at PaleoHacks has been working on a secret cookbook with world - renowned Le Cordon Bleu chef Peter Servold . Well , today this new this new incredible Paleo Cookbook is finally available to be shipped right to your door for FREE That ’ s right — as a special launch promotion , we ’ re offering our brand new Paleo fat loss cookbook to you for free ( Chef Pete lost 60 lbs using these recipes ! ) — All you have to do is just cover a small shipping cost ( international shipping is a bit more ) . Get your FREE copy of Paleo Eats Here ( Grab this today , because we only ordered a small batch of these cookbooks for this freebie promotion , and they will sell out FAST ! ) Sources : Dr . Sircus NHS Choices www . HealthAndLovePage . com Tags : BAKING SODA kidney soda HealthyCures This article was brought to you by Healthy Cures Team in collaboration with other health - related organizations ! We strive to provide the best possible natural health information to improve your life . If you have any feedback for us , do not hesitate to contact us . Previous Article Cannabis Smokers 45 % Less Likely To Get Bladder Cancer Next Article Apricot Seeds Kill Cancer Cells without Side Effects No Comments Yet Comments are closed | [
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http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/1200caloriesaday-meal-plan-2780.html | 1,200 - Calories - a - Day Meal Plan Written by Erin Coleman , R.D. , L.D. ; Updated December 27 , 2018 Related Articles 1 A Hypocaloric Meal Plan to Follow 2 Active Men Meal Plans 3 Vegan Meal Plan 4 1500 Calories a Day While Exercising Low - calorie meal plans are often effective for weight loss . The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services reports that diets containing 1,000 to 1,200 calories per day are effective weight loss diets for women and 1,200 - to 1,600 - calorie diets are usually effective weight loss diets for men , active women and women who weigh more than 164 pounds . Talk with your doctor before starting any type of weight loss diet to make sure it ’ s safe for you . Meal Plan Basics A meal plan is a guide that shows you how much of each food group to consume each day . Following a meal plan allows you to choose foods to include in your plan based on your food preferences . Using a meal plan to create your menus can help you meet your daily calorie requirements and stay on track with your weight management goals . Sample Meal Plan The U.S. Department of Agriculture provides healthy , well - balanced meal plans at different calorie levels . A USDA 1,200 - calorie meal plan consists of 1 cup of fruits , 1.5 cups of vegetables , 3 ounces of protein foods such as lean meat , seafood , soy products and eggs , 4 ounces of grains , 2.5 cups of dairy foods , 4 teaspoons of oils and 121 extra calories each day . With an OK from a medical professional , adults can use a USDA 1,200 - calorie sample meal plan to plan menus and lose 1,200 - Calorie Menu 1 For breakfast , consume 1.5 cups of ready - to - eat breakfast cereal , 1 cup of low - fat milk , one - half ounce of sliced almonds and half of a banana . For lunch , eat 2 cups of salad greens , 2.5 ounces of grilled chicken , one - half ounce of shredded cheddar cheese , 1 tablespoon of ranch salad dressing and five whole - grain crackers . For a snack , consume 1 cup of low - fat yogurt with one - half cup of blueberries . For dinner , eat one - 1,200 - Calorie Menu 2 For breakfast , eat two slices of whole - grain toast , 2 teaspoons of margarine , one scrambled egg , one slice of cheddar cheese and one - half cup of strawberries . For lunch , eat one - half cup of raw carrots , one - half cup of cottage cheese , 2 ounces of tuna mixed with 2 teaspoons of mayonnaise and five rye crackers . For a snack , consume 1 cup of low - fat yogurt with one - half cup of sliced bananas . For dinner , eat 1 cup of cooked zucchini , References ( 2 ) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services : Aim for a Healthy Weight U.S. Department of Agriculture : Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 About the Author Erin Coleman is a registered and licensed dietitian . She also holds a Bachelor of Science in dietetics and has extensive experience working as a health writer and health educator . Her articles are published on various health , nutrition and fitness websites . Cite this Article | [
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http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/alcohol-inhibit-vitamin-d-uptake-3557.html | Does Alcohol Inhibit Vitamin D Uptake ? Written by Don Amerman ; Updated December 07 , 2018 Heavy alcohol consumption can lead to a deficiency of vitamin D , a nutrient that among other things helps to build and maintain strong bones . Sometimes called the “ sunshine vitamin ” because your body can make it from exposure to the sun ’ s ultraviolet rays . Vitamin D is also present in a limited number of foods . However , drinking too much alcohol can interfere with your body ’ s ability to absorb and activate the vitamin . Primary Malnutrition Chronic heavy drinking can lead to two distinctive forms of malnutrition : primary and secondary . Both result in suboptimal levels of vitamin D , as well as other nutrients . Lieber , director of the Alcohol Research Center at the Bronx Veterans Affairs Medical Center in New York , notes that primary malnutrition occurs when heavy drinkers rely heavily on the calories in alcohol - - pure ethanol alcohol contains 7.1 calories per gram - - for energy and forego other nutrient - rich sources of energy . Lieber explains that alcohol is generally considered “ empty calories ” Secondary Malnutrition Heavy consumption of alcohol eventually takes its toll on the linings of your intestinal tract , the part of your body that absorbs nutrients from the foods you eat after they ’ re broken down into their component parts during the digestive process . Secondary malnutrition occurs when alcohol - damaged membranes no longer properly absorb nutrients from the food you eat , according to Lieber . The corrosive effect of alcohol on the delicate inner linings of the small intestine leads to a hardening and coarsening of those tissues , which make it all but impossible for them to Impedes Activation of Vitamin D Vitamin D only becomes physiologically active after it ’ s been chemically modified in the liver and kidneys , according to H . Wayne Sampson , a medical neurobiology professor at Texas A&M University . Since the liver must carry the heavy burden of alcohol metabolism , excessive alcohol consumption puts an unhealthy overload on the organ and makes it less able to perform its other duties . Alcohol abuse ’ s overload on the organ can eventually result in a number of liver disorders , including fatty liver , alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis . In compromising normal liver function Importance of Vitamin D Vitamin D plays several important roles in wellness . It promotes calcium absorption , making way for stronger , healthier bones . It also reduces inflammation in the body and helps keep your immune system functioning well . Without enough vitamin D , you can develop bone pain , weak bones and muscle weakness . According to a Molecular Psychiatry report published in 2014 , Vitamin D deficiency may also be linked with depression . References ( 7 ) Office of Dietary Supplements : Vitamin D National Institute on Alcohol and Alcoholism : Relationships Between Nutrition , Alcohol Use and Liver Disease Alcohol Health & Research World : Alcohol ’ s Harmful Effects on Bone University of Maryland Medical Center : Vitamin D The Israel Medical Association Journal : Vitamin D Supplementation and Regulatory T Cells in Apparently Healthy Subjects : Vitamin D Treatment for Autoimmune Diseases ? MedLinePlus : Vitamin D Deficiency Molecular Psychiatry ; The Association Between Low Vitamin D and Depressive Disorders About the Author Don Amerman has spent his entire professional career in the editorial field . For many years he was an editor and writer for The Journal of Commerce . Since 1996 he has been freelancing full - time , writing for a large number of print and online publishers including Gale Group , Charles Scribner ’ s Sons , Greenwood Publishing , Rock Hill Works and others . Cite this Article | [
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"vitamin D"
] |
http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/antacids-deplete-vitamin-b-7009.html | Do Antacids Deplete Vitamin B ? Antacids are drugs that neutralize stomach acidity , usually sold over the counter for short - term relief of pain caused by heartburn and indigestion . Antacids may also be used to relieve symptoms of stomach ulcers , gastritis , duodenal ulcers , esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease . B - complex vitamins include thiamin , folate , niacin , pantothenic acid , pyridoxine , riboflavin and vitamin B - 12 . Prolonged use of antacids can cause folate and B - 12 to be depleted from the body . Folate Folate , also known as vitamin B - 9 is a water - soluble vitamin that helps your body produce energy and healthy red blood cells . Antacids may bind to folate and reduce its absorption , according to New York University ' s Langone Medical Center . You are more likely to suffer from folate deficiency if you take antacids on a regular basis and have an existing medical condition that affects nutrients absorption . However , if you are healthy , taking antacids on a short - term basis is not likely to have an adverse effect on Vitamin B - 12 Vitamin B - 12 is necessary for the maintenance of healthy nerves , formation of blood cells and energy production . Antacids are more likely to cause a depletion of vitamin B - 12 in older adults , according to University of Florida . Older adults produce less stomach acid due to age - related changes in the stomach . The body requires stomach acid to absorb vitamin B - 12 . Taking antacids neutralizes stomach acid and this affects vitamin B - 12 absorption . Administration During antacid therapy , you can prevent vitamin B - 12 and folate deficiency by increasing your consumption of vitamin B - complex - rich foods . Examples of foods rich in B vitamins include fortified cereals , enriched whole grain breads , milk , dairy products , meat , fish , seafood , poultry , beans , legumes and green leafy vegetables . Take antacids two hours before or after meals to ensure the drugs do not interfere with nutrients absorption , advises Langone Medical Center . Caution Avoid taking antacids for more than two weeks . Consult your doctor if you need to use antacids for more than 14 days ; you may have stomach ulcers , which can be treated with stronger acid - lowering drugs . Avoid relying on antacids for symptom relief because they only work on a short - term basis . Antacids may help relieve pain caused by stomach ulcers but the pain usually returns after the antacid wears out . References ( 4 ) MayoClinic . com : Antacid Use Kidshealth : Vitamin B Sources NYU Langone Medical Center : Antacids University of Florida : Food and Drugs About the Author A registered nurse , Maria Warren has worked as a professional health writer since 2006 . She holds a Bachelor of Science in nursing from Salem State College and a Master of Public Health in nutrition from Tufts University . Warren is currently working toward a nurse practitioner license . Photo Credits stomach image by Alison Bowden from Fotolia . com Cite this Article | [
"Antacids",
"stomach acidity",
"Vitamin B"
] |
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