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<b><u>Sweden</u></b> [or Kingdom of <b><u>Sweden</u></b> or Konungariket <b><u>Sverige</u></b>] (The system is the Gothenburg System.)
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<b><u>snare</b></u> drum [or <b><u>side drum</b></u>; prompt on <u>drum</u>]
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<b><u>tree</u></b> of <b><u>Porphyry</u></b> (“POR-fuh-ree”) [or <b><u>Porphyrian</b> <b>tree</u></b> or <b><u>Arbor</b> <b>Porphyrii</u></b>; prompt on <u>tree</u><b> </b>or answers that mention <u>Porphyry</u> but not “tree”]
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Henry <b><u>James</b></u>
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<b><u>motion</b></u> [or <b><u>movement</b></u> or word forms like <b><u>moving</b></u>; accept Mean <b><u>Speed</b></u> Theorem; accept any terms used to refer to bodies in motion like <b><u>acceleration</b></u> or <b><u>velocity</b></u> or <b><u>inertia</b></u> or <b><u>momentum</b></u>; accept <b><u>conatus</b></u> or <b><u>impetus</b></u> until read; accept <em>De <b><u>Motu</b></u></em>]
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<b><u>Tenochtitlan</u></b> [or <b><u>Mexico</u></b> City, Ciudad de <b><u>México</u></b>, San Juan <b><u>Tenochtitlan</u></b>, or Mexico-<b><u>Tenochtitlan</u></b>] (The first three governors, or <em>juez gobernadores</em>, clued are Luis de Santa María Cipactzin, Diego de Alvarado Huanitzin, and Diego de San Francisco Tehuetzquititzin. The “great pestilence” is also called <em>cocoliztli</em>.)
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<b><u>Uruguay</u></b> [or Oriental Republic of <b><u>Uruguay</u></b>; or República Oriental del <b><u>Uruguay</u></b>]
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<b><u>dispensational</u></b>ism [or <b><u>dispensationalist</u></b>s; accept <b><u>dispensation</u></b>s]
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<b><u>Hūlāgū</b></u> Khan [or <b><u>Hülegü</b></u> Khan or <b><u>Holâku</b></u> Khân or <b><u>Qülegü</b></u> Khan] (The Syriac Lectionary depicts the Ilkhanate, in particular Hūlāgū’s Nestorian wife, Doquz Khatun, as protectors of Levantine Christianity. The fortress of Alamut is named for the words <em>aloh</em> and <em>amukht</em>. The penultimate sentence is about the 1258 Sack of Baghdad.)
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<b><u>surfactant</u></b>s [or <b><u>detergent</u></b>s; or <b><u>surface-acting agent</u></b>s; accept non-ionic <b><u>surfactant</u></b>s, ionic <b><u>surfactant</u></b>s, cationic <b><u>surfactant</u></b>s, or anionic <b><u>surfactant</u></b>s; accept <b><u>surfactin</u></b>; accept <b><u>saponin</u></b>s; prompt on <u>soap</u>s or <u>emulsifier</u>s or <u>amphiphile</u>s]
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Jonathan <b><u>Glover</b></u>
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suits of <b><u>armor</b></u> [accept chain<b><u>mail</b></u> or <b><u>plate armor</b></u> until read; accept <b><u>helmet</b></u> or <b><u>breastplate</b></u>; accept horse <b><u>armor</b></u>]
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<b><u>William</b></u> [accept <b><u>William</b></u> Shakespeare; accept <b><u>William</b></u> Byrd]
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<b><u>Electra</u></b> (The first two sentences refer to Sophocles’s <em>Electra</em>.)
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<b><u>free</u></b>ing <b><u>slave</u></b>s [or <b><u>manumission</u></b>s; or <b><u>manumissio</u></b>; or <b><u>manumissionis</u></b>; accept any answer describing <b><u>free</u></b>ing a <b><u>slave</u></b> or granting a <b><u>slave</u></b> <b><u>free</u></b>dom]
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Adam <b><u>Przeworski</u></b> (“psheh-VOR-skee”)
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<b><u>Aragon</b></u> [or Kingdom of <b><u>Aragon</b></u> or Crown of <b><u>Aragon</b></u>; or Reino d’<b><u>Aragón</b></u>; or Regne d’<b><u>Aragó</b></u>; or Regnum <b><u>Aragonum</b></u>; or Reino de <b><u>Aragón</b></u>]
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<b><u>object</u></b>s [or <b><u>object</u></b> relations theory]
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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich <b><u>Hegel</b></u>
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<b><u>Ginzburg–Landau</u></b> theory [or <b><u>Landau–Ginzburg</u></b> theory; accept <b><u>Ginzburg–Landau</u></b> equations; reject “Landau theory”]
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<b><u>coin</u></b>s [or <b><u>coin</u></b>age; accept <b><u>medal</u></b>s, <b><u>medallion</u></b>s, <b><u>médaille</u></b>s, or <b><u>croesid</u></b>s, accept <b><u>drachm</u></b>as or tetrá<b><u>drachm</u></b>on until “drachma” is read; accept <b><u>talent</u></b>s or <b><u>stater</u></b> until each is read; prompt on <u>money</u>, <u>currency</u>, <u>cash</u>, or equivalents; prompt on <u>weight</u>s, precious <u>metal</u>s, <u>silver</u>, <u>Ag</u>, <u>gold</u>, <u>Au</u>, <u>copper</u>, <u>Cu</u>, or <u>electrum</u> by asking “made into what objects?”] (The first line refers to counterstruck coins.)
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<em>The <b><u>Procuress</em></u></b> [or <em>The <b><u>Matchmaker</em></u></b>; or <em>De <b><u>koppelaarster</em></u></b>]
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<b><u>vitamin C</u></b> [or L-<b><u>ascorbic acid</u></b> or <b><u>ascorbate</u></b>; accept dehydro<b><u>ascorbate</u></b> or semidehydro<b><u>ascorbate</u></b> or monodehydro<b><u>ascorbate</u></b>; accept <b><u>C</u></b> after “vitamin” is read; prompt on <u>AA</u>H, <u>DHA</u>, M<u>DHA</u>, or S<u>DHA</u> by asking “what does that stand for?”]
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<b><u>Navajo</u></b> [or <b><u>Dineh</u></b>; or <b><u>Diné</u></b>; or <b><u>Navajo</u></b> Nation; or <b><u>Naabeehó</u></b> Bináhásdzo]
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“<b><u>Ça ira</u></b>” (“sah ee-RAH”) [or “Ah ! <b><u>ça ira</u></b>”] (Meaning, “it’ll turn out fine.”)
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Paul <b><u>Taffanel</u></b> [or Claude-Paul <b><u>Taffanel</u></b>]
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Robert <b><u>Brandom</u></b> [or Robert Boyce <b><u>Brandom</u></b>]
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<b><u>Comoros</b></u> [or Union of the <b><u>Comoros</b></u>, Udzima wa <b><u>Komori</b></u>, Jamhuriyat al-<b><u>Qumur</b></u> al-Mutaḥida, or Union des <b><u>Comores</b></u>; accept <b><u>Comoro</b></u> Islands, State of the <b><u>Comoros</b></u>, or Federal and Islamic Republic of the <b><u>Comoros</b></u>] (Denard overthrew Abdallah in 1976, was hired by him to overthrow Ali Soilih in 1978, and ordered his assassination in 1989 after profiting from his government.)
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<b><u><em>Tristram Shandy</b></u></em> [or <em>The Life and Opinions of <b><u>Tristram Shandy</b></u>, Gentleman</em>]
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stellar <b><u>opacity</u></b> [accept <b><u>absorption</u></b> coefficient or <b><u>attenuation</u></b> coefficient or <b><u>extinction</u></b> coefficient; accept Kramers’ <b><u>opacity</u></b> law; accept continuum <b><u>opacity</u></b>; prompt on <u>opaque</u>ness] (The second sentence describes the Rosseland mean opacity.)
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Raymond <b><u>Chandler</u></b> [or Raymond Thornton <b><u>Chandler</u></b>]
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<b><u>social capital</u></b> [accept “Bowling Alone: America’s Declining <b><u>Social Capital</u></b>”; prompt on <u>capital</u>; prompt on social <u>trust</u>]
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Jean-Claude <b><u>Carrière</b></u>
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<b><u>Zimbabwe</u></b> [or Republic of <b><u>Zimbabwe</u></b>; accept Great <b><u>Zimbabwe</u></b>; accept Kingdom of <b><u>Zimbabwe</u></b>; accept <b><u>Zimbabwe</u></b> Pattern]
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<b><u>protein</b></u>s [or <b><u>polypeptide</b></u>s; accept <b><u>peptide</b></u>s; reject “amino acids”]
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<b><u>salt</u></b> bridges
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Vallabhbhai <b><u>Patel</u></b> (“VUL-lub-bye puh-TAIL”) [or Vallabhbhai Jhaverbhai <b><u>Patel</u></b>; or Sardar <b><u>Patel</u></b>; prompt on <u>Sardar</u>] (The civil service system is All India Services.)
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<b><u>no-cloning</u></b> theorem [reject “no-clone theorem”]
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Franz <b><u>Schubert</u></b> [or Franz Peter <b><u>Schubert</u></b>]
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<b><u>Northwest</b></u> Territory [or Territory <b><u>Northwest</b></u> of the Ohio River; or Old <b><u>Northwest</b></u>; accept <b><u>Northwest</b></u> Ordinance of 1787; accept <b><u>Northwest</b></u> Indian War; prompt on <u>Ohio</u>, <u>Indiana</u>, <u>Illinois</u>, <u>Michigan</u>, <u>Wisconsin</u>, or <u>Minnesota</u>; prompt on <u>Great Lakes</u> or <u>Midwest</u>]
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<b><u>lungfish</u></b> [or <b><u><em>Dipnoi</em></u></b>; accept <b><u>salamanderfish</u></b> or <b><u>barramunda</u></b>; prompt on <u><em>Sarcopterygii</em></u> or <u>lobe-finned</u> fishes or <u><em>Osteichthyes</em></u> or <u>bony</u> fishes] (The genomes of the South American lungfish and Marbled lungfish have 91 and 132 billion base pairs respectively, compared to the human genome’s 3.5 billion base pairs.)
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Sojourner <b><u>Truth</u></b> [or Isabella <b><u>Baumfree</u></b>; or Isabella van <b><u>Wagenen</u></b>]
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<b><u>Cuba</u></b> [or Republic of <b><u>Cuba</u></b>; or República de <b><u>Cuba</u></b>]
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<b><u>Loriod</u></b> (“lor-YO”) [accept Yvonne <b><u>Loriod</u></b> or Jeanne <b><u>Loriod</u></b>]
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Immanuel <b><u>Kant</b></u>
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<b><u>meta-analysis</u></b> [or <b><u>meta-analyses</u></b>; prompt on <u>meta-study</u> or <u>meta-studies</u>]
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“<b><u>Shook Ones</u></b>, Part II” [accept “<b><u>Shook Ones</u></b>”] (“Shook Ones, Part II” was a sequel to a separate song called “Shook Ones,” but the media often drops “Part II” when referring to the former song.)
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<b><u>Mount Vernon</b></u> [accept the <b><u>Mount Vernon</b></u> Conference; accept the <b><u>Mount Vernon</b></u> Compact; accept the <b><u>Mount Vernon</b></u> Ladies’ Association; prompt on <u>Little Hunting Creek</u> until read]
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<b><u>mandala</u></b>s
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<b><u>Vienna Circle</b></u> [or <b><u>Wiener Kreis</b></u>; accept <b><u>logical positivism</b></u> or <b><u>logical empiricism</b></u> until read; accept <b><u>neopositivism</b></u>; accept <b><u>Ernst Mach Society</b></u> or <b><u>Verein Ernst Mach</b></u> until read] (The ship metaphor was proposed by Otto Neurath.)
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<b><u>Greensboro</b></u>, North Carolina
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<b><u>action</b></u> [accept <b><u>action</b></u> functional or abbreviated <b><u>action</b></u> functional; accept stationary <b><u>action</b></u> principle or principle of least <b><u>action</b></u>]
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<b><u>Robbers’ Cave</u></b> Experiment
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<b><u>Hauteville</b></u> (“oht-VEEL”) [or House of <b><u>Hauteville</b></u> or House of <b><u>Altavilla</b></u>]
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Bill <b><u>Evans</u></b> [or William John <b><u>Evans</u></b>] (The bassist is Scott LaFaro, who died shortly after the recording of Sunday at the <em>Village Vanguard</em> and <em>Waltz for Debby</em>.)
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José Carlos <b><u>Mariátegui</u></b> (“mah-ree-AH-tay-ghee”) La Chira
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skin <b><u>color change</b></u> [or <b><u>metachrosis</b></u>; prompt on <u>crypsis</u>; prompt on background, active, or adaptive <u>camouflage</u> until read by asking “what is the mechanism of camouflage?”; prompt on <u>changing appearance</u> or equivalents by asking “what aspect of the animal’s appearance changes?”; prompt on <u>body pattern</u>ing by asking “what aspect of body patterning?”] (The first sentence refers to chameleon skin, which has a layer of guanine nanocrystals overlaying chromatophores.)
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<b><u>Arabia</b></u> [accept <b><u>Arabia</b></u> Felix; accept <b><u>Arabia</b></u>n Peninsula or Shibhu l-jazīrati l-‘<b><u>arabiyyah</b></u>; accept South <b><u>Arabia</b></u>; accept <b><u>Yemen</b></u>; accept <b><u>Himyar</b></u>ite Kingdom until read; prompt on <u>Aksum</u>ite Kingdom or <u>Aksum</u>ite Empire by asking “what region that was, at one time, controlled in part by Aksum?”; prompt on <u>West</u>ern <u>Asia</u> or <u>Middle East</u> or <u>ME</u>NA; reject “Ethiopia” or “Horn of Africa”] (The self-declared ruler was Abraha, during his invasion of Mecca in the Year of the Elephant.)
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<b><u>solenoid</u></b>s [accept Compact Muon <b><u>Solenoid</u></b> or <b><u>solenoid</u></b>al vector field or Bitter <b><u>solenoid</u></b>s; accept <b><u>electromagnet</u></b>s or superconducting <b><u>electromagnet</u></b>s; prompt on <u>coils of wire</u> until read]
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<b><u>Orphism</u></b> [accept <b><u>Orphic</u></b> Cubism; accept Perceptual <b><u>Orphism</u></b>; accept Mystical <b><u>Ophism</u></b>; accept <b><u>simultanism</u></b> until read]
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<b><u><em>Guys and Dolls</b></u></em>
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<b><u>FRET</u></b> (“fret”) [or <b><u>forster resonance energy transfer</u></b>; accept, but DO NOT REVEAL, <b><u>fluorescence resonance energy transfer</u></b>]
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<b><u>Eaton</u></b> Canyon
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<b><u>shield</b></u>s [accept the <b><u>shield of Achilles</b></u> or the <b><u>shield of Aeneas</b></u>; accept <b><u>ancilia</u> </b>or<b> <u>ancile</b></u> or <b><u>scutum</b></u> or <b><u>scuta</b></u> or <b><u>buckler</b></u> or <b><u>peltae</b></u>; accept <b><u>Aegis</b></u> until read]
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<b><u>relaxation</u></b> time [accept T1 <b><u>relaxation</u></b> or T2 <b><u>relaxation</u></b>]
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<b><u>lignin</b></u> [prompt on <u>lignocellulose</u> or <u>lignocellulosic biomass</u> or <u>LB</u> until “cellulose” is read; prompt on <u>biomass</u> until read; prompt on <u>wood</u> or <u>straw</u> until “wood” is read; prompt on <u>bagasse</u> or corn <u>stover</u>; prompt on poly<u>phenol</u>s or <u>phenolic</u>s]
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<b><u>burrowing</u></b> [or <b><u>digging</u></b> or hole-<b><u>digging</u></b>; or <b><u>tunneling</u></b>; accept <b><u>mound-building</u></b>; accept <b><u>fossorial</u></b> behavior until read; prompt on <u>environmental engineer</u>ing or <u>ecosystem engineer</u>ing]
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<b><u>Ming</u></b> Dynasty [or Dà <b><u>Míng</u></b>]
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<b><u>quantitative trait loci</u></b> [or <b><u>QTL</u></b>s or <b><u>quantitative trait locus</u></b>; accept e<b><u>QTL</u></b>s or expression <b><u>quantitative trait locus</u></b>es or x<b><u>QTL</u></b>s; prompt on genetic <u>locus</u>, genetic <u>loci</u>, trait-associated <u>loci</u>, susceptibility <u>loci</u>, risk <u>loci</u>, or trait <u>loci</u>] (H–K regression is sensitive to selective genotyping, which only samples from individuals with extreme phenotypes.)
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<b><u>Cuba</b></u> [or Republic of <b><u>Cuba</b></u> República de <b><u>Cuba</b></u>]<b> </b>(The first sentence refers to “Mujer Negra” by Nancy Morejón.)
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Lydia <b><u>Davis</u></b> (The Ling Ma story is “Peking Duck.”)
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<b><u>Uyghur</u></b>s (“WEE-goors”) [or <b><u>Wéiwú’ěr</u></b>; or <b><u>Huíhé</u></b>; or <b><u>Huíhú</u></b>; accept <b><u>Uyghur</u></b> Khaganate; prompt on <u>Turk</u>s or <u>Turkic</u> peoples; prompt on <u>Karluk</u>s or <u>Qarluq</u>s] (The “golden tent” sat atop the Uyghur palace in Ordu Baliq. Khoja Emin helped carry out the Dzungar Genocide.)
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Llewellyn <b><u>Thomas</b></u> AND Enrico <b><u>Fermi</b></u> [accept Llewellyn Hilleth <b><u>Thomas</b></u> in place of “Llewellyn Thomas”; accept <b><u>Thomas–Fermi</b></u> model, <b><u>Thomas–Fermi</b></u> screening length, <b><u>Thomas–Fermi</b></u> approximation, <b><u>Thomas–Fermi</b></u> equation, or <b><u>Thomas–Fermi</b></u> screening; prompt on <u>TF</u> model]
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<b><u>pH</u></b> [or <b><u>power of hydrogen</u></b>; accept <b><u>hydrogen concentration</u></b> or <b><u>hydronium concentration</u></b> or <b><u>proton concentration</u></b> or <b><u>H+ concentration</u></b> or <b><u>H3O+ concentration</u></b>; accept Hammett <b><u>acidity</u></b> function]
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<b><u>zakat</u></b> [or <b><u>zakāh</u></b>]
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<b><u>polynomial</b></u>s [accept knot <b><u>polynomial</b></u>s, HOMFLY <b><u>polynomial</b></u>, Alexander <b><u>polynomial</b></u>, Jones <b><u>polynomial</b></u>, Kauffman <b><u>polynomial</b></u>; accept Chebyshev <b><u>polynomial</b></u> or Chebyshev <b><u>polynomial</b></u> of the first kind; accept characteristic <b><u>polynomial</b></u>; prompt on <u>knot invariant</u>s until read]
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<b><u>Husayn</u></b> ibn Ali [or Imam al-<b><u>Husayn</u></b>; or al-<b><u>Ḥusayn</u></b> ibn ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib; accept <b><u>Husayn</u></b>iyya]
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<b><u>nephron</u></b>s [accept renal <b><u>tubule</u></b> or proximal <b><u>tubule</u> </b>or <b><u>glomerulus</u></b> or <b><u>Bowman</u></b>’s capsule; accept ascending <b><u>loop of Henle</u></b> or descending <b><u>loop of Henle</u></b> until read; prompt on <u>kidney</u> until read]
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<b><u>Neoplatonism</u></b> [accept word forms like <b><u>Neoplatonic</u></b>; prompt on <u>Plato</u>nism]
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John <b><u>Mbiti</u></b> [or J.S. <b><u>Mbiti</u></b> or John S. <b><u>Mbiti</u></b>]
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<b><u>sailor</u></b>s [accept Russian <b><u>sailor</u></b>s’ dance or “Dance of the <b><u>Sailor</u></b>s from the Soviet Ship”; accept <b><u>Sailor</u></b>’s Hornpipe; accept <b><u>mariner</u></b>s]
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<b><u>polyspermy</u></b> [accept fast-block to <b><u>polyspermy</u></b> or slow-block to <b><u>polyspermy</u></b>; prompt on <u>multiple fertilization</u> or <u>fertilization failure</u> of an egg/embryo/gamete; prompt on descriptions of (multiple) <u>sperm bind</u>ing to an egg]
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<b><u>permutation</b></u>s [accept <b><u>permutation</b></u> groups; prompt on <u>symmetric group</u>s until read by asking “what operations are the elements of symmetric groups?”]
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<b><u>angel</b></u>s [or guardian <b><u>angel</b></u>s or <b><u>Engel</b></u>n; accept <b><u>genius</b></u> or <b><u>genii</b></u>; accept <b><u><em>Angel</b></u>us Novus</em> or <em>New <b><u>Angel</b></u></em> or the <b><u>angel</b></u> of history; prompt on <u>nurse</u>s by asking “what is the nurse called in the title of that piece?”] (The first line refers to <em>Engel des alten Testaments (in Anlehnung an Paul Klee)</em>. The Paul Klee works referenced are: <em>Angel Still Feminine</em>, <em>A Guardian Angel Serves a Small Breakfast</em>, and <em>Forgetful Angel</em>.)
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<b><u><em>Staph</u></b>ylococcus <b><u>aureus</em></u></b> [or <b><u><em>S. aureus</em></u></b>; prompt on <u><em>Staph</em></u>; prompt on <u>MRSA</u> (“mersa”)]
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<b><u>Nasreddin</u></b> Hodja [accept variants of <b><u>Nasruddin</u></b> or <b><u>Nasr al-Din</u></b> with any vowel sounds or honorifics; or <b><u>Juḥā</u></b>, <b><u>Jiha</u></b>, <b><u>Djoha</u></b>, or <b><u>Goha</u></b>; or <b><u>Mushfiqī</u></b>; accept <b><u>Hodja</u></b>, <b><u>Hoca</u></b>, or <b><u>Khoja</u></b>; accept <b><u>Mullah</u></b> or <b><u>Molla</u></b>]
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<b><u>United States</u></b> [or <b><u>United States</u></b> of America; or <b><u>US</u></b>A; accept <b><u>America</u></b>]
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François <b><u>Rabelais</b></u> (“frahn-swah rob-leh”) (The herb’s name is Pantagruelion. Mikhail Bakhtin wrote <em>Rabelais and His World</em>.)
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<b><u>Vālmīki</u></b> [or <b><u>Bālmīki</u></b>] (The essay in the first sentence is A. K. Ramanujan’s “Three Hundred Ramayanas.”)
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<b><u>prisoner</b></u>s [or <b><u>convict</b></u>s; or <b><u>inmate</b></u>s; or <b><u>incarcerated</b></u> people; accept descriptions of people <b><u>in jail</b></u>; prompt on psychological <u>subject</u>s by asking “what role were they acting in?”]
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<b><u>Bear Flag</u></b> Revolt [accept <b><u>Bear Flag</u></b> Republic]
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The <b><u>Jacquerie</b></u> [prompt on Guillaume <u>Cale’s rebellion</u> or William <u>Kale’s rebellion</u> or Guillaume <u>Caillet’s rebellion</u> until “Guillaume Cale” is read; prompt on synonyms such as <u>uprising</u> or <u>revolt</u> in place of “rebellion”] (The chronicler was Jean Le Bel.)
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Gurth’s <b><u>collar</u></b> [or Gurth’s <b><u>gorget</u></b> or <b><u>neck-ring</u></b>; prompt on <u>ring</u>]
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Ludwig van <b><u>Beethoven</b></u>
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Claude <b><u>Monet</u></b> [or Oscar-Claude <b><u>Monet</u></b>]
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Gunther <b><u>Schuller</u></b> [or Gunther Alexander <b><u>Schuller</u></b>]
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<b><u>Japan</u></b> [or <b><u>Nihon</u></b>-koku or <b><u>Nippon</u></b>-koku] (The John Hersey book is <em>Hiroshima</em>.)
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<b><u>Demetrius</u></b> of <b><u>Pharos</u></b> [prompt on <u>Demetrius</u>; reject “Demetrius Phalereus” or “Demetrius of Phaleron”]
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<b><u>Ireland</u></b> [or Northern <b><u>Ireland</u></b>]
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RNA <b><u>splicing</b></u> [accept alternative <b><u>splicing</b></u>; accept word forms of <b><u>splicing</b></u> like <b><u>splice</b></u>]
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