microsoft/wiki_qa · Datasets at Hugging Face

question_id stringlengths 2 5	question stringlengths 11 120	document_title stringlengths 2 81	answer stringlengths 2 1.08k	label class label 2 classes
Q2241	who are florida's 2010 senators	United States Senate election in Florida, 2010	His support of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 hurt his popularity among conservatives, and candidate Marco Rubio surged.	00
Q2241	who are florida's 2010 senators	United States Senate election in Florida, 2010	In April 2010 Crist announced he would drop out of the Republican primary and run as an independent.	00
Q2241	who are florida's 2010 senators	United States Senate election in Florida, 2010	The National Republican Senatorial Committee withdrew its endorsement of Crist and demanded a refund of its campaign funds that it provided for the Crist campaign.	00
Q2241	who are florida's 2010 senators	United States Senate election in Florida, 2010	Congressman Kendrick Meek was the first Democrat to declare his intention to run.	00
Q2241	who are florida's 2010 senators	United States Senate election in Florida, 2010	Alexander Snitker was the first member of the Libertarian Party on the ballot for senator in Florida's history.	00
Q2242	what is the name of the founder of doha	Doha	Satellite view of Doha	00
Q2242	what is the name of the founder of doha	Doha	Doha (, ' or ', literally: "the big tree") is the capital city of the state of Qatar .	00
Q2242	what is the name of the founder of doha	Doha	Located on the coast of the Persian Gulf ,	00
Q2242	what is the name of the founder of doha	Doha	it had a population of 998,651 in 2008, and is also one of the municipalities of Qatar .	00
Q2242	what is the name of the founder of doha	Doha	Doha is Qatar's largest city, with over 60% of the nation's population residing in Doha or its surrounding suburbs , and is also the economic centre of the country.	00
Q2242	what is the name of the founder of doha	Doha	Doha also serves as the seat of government of Qatar, which is ruled by Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani .	00
Q2242	what is the name of the founder of doha	Doha	Doha is home to the Education City , an area devoted to research and education.	00
Q2242	what is the name of the founder of doha	Doha	Doha was the site of the first ministerial-level meeting of the Doha Development Round of World Trade Organization negotiations.	00
Q2242	what is the name of the founder of doha	Doha	The city of Doha held the 2006 Asian Games , which was the largest Asian Games ever held.	00
Q2242	what is the name of the founder of doha	Doha	Doha also hosted the 2011 Pan Arab Games and most of the games at the 2011 AFC Asian Cup .	00
Q2242	what is the name of the founder of doha	Doha	Doha hosted the UNFCCC Climate Negotiations (COP 18) December 2012 and will host a large number of the venues for the 2022 FIFA World Cup .	00
Q2242	what is the name of the founder of doha	Doha	The World Petroleum Council held the 20th World Petroleum Conference in Doha in December 2011.	00
Q2244	where are facial sinuses	Paranasal sinuses	Paranasal sinuses are a group of four paired air-filled spaces that surround the nasal cavity ( maxillary sinuses ), above the eyes ( frontal sinuses ), between the eyes ( ethmoid sinuses ), and behind the ethmoids ( sphenoid sinuses ).	11
Q2244	where are facial sinuses	Paranasal sinuses	The sinuses are named for the facial bones in which they are located.	00
Q2246	what is lean manufacturing and who developed	Lean manufacturing	Lean manufacturing, lean enterprise, or lean production, often simply, "Lean," is a production practice that considers the expenditure of resources for any goal other than the creation of value for the end customer to be wasteful, and thus a target for elimination.	11
Q2246	what is lean manufacturing and who developed	Lean manufacturing	Working from the perspective of the customer who consumes a product or service, "value" is defined as any action or process that a customer would be willing to pay for.	00
Q2246	what is lean manufacturing and who developed	Lean manufacturing	Essentially, lean is centered on preserving value with less work.	00
Q2246	what is lean manufacturing and who developed	Lean manufacturing	Lean manufacturing is a management philosophy derived mostly from the Toyota Production System (TPS) (hence the term Toyotism is also prevalent) and identified as "Lean" only in the 1990s.	11
Q2246	what is lean manufacturing and who developed	Lean manufacturing	TPS is renowned for its focus on reduction of the original Toyota seven wastes to improve overall customer value, but there are varying perspectives on how this is best achieved.	00
Q2246	what is lean manufacturing and who developed	Lean manufacturing	The steady growth of Toyota , from a small company to the world's largest automaker, has focused attention on how it has achieved this success.	00
Q2247	what is the first icarly episode	List of iCarly episodes	iCarly logo	00
Q2247	what is the first icarly episode	List of iCarly episodes	iCarly is an American sitcom that airs on Nickelodeon , which premiered on September 8, 2007.	00
Q2247	what is the first icarly episode	List of iCarly episodes	Nickelodeon promoted many episodes so far such as "iDo", "iHire an Idiot", "iPity the Nevel", "iDate Sam & Freddie", etc. as specials, despite their being regular episodes.	00
Q2247	what is the first icarly episode	List of iCarly episodes	Every episode title begins with a lower case i which represents the internet , as in "iCarly".	00
Q2247	what is the first icarly episode	List of iCarly episodes	The show was nominated for an Emmy award for Outstanding Children's Program in 2009.	00
Q2247	what is the first icarly episode	List of iCarly episodes	The series starring Miranda Cosgrove as Carly Shay, a 13-year-old who becomes an Internet star.	00
Q2247	what is the first icarly episode	List of iCarly episodes	The series ended on November 23, 2012 with the one-hour special episode "iGoodbye".	00
Q2247	what is the first icarly episode	List of iCarly episodes	A total of 7 seasons and 109 episodes were broadcast.	00
Q2247	what is the first icarly episode	List of iCarly episodes	The largest audience of the series was 11.2 million viewers, with the special episode "iSaved Your Life" premiered in January 2010.	00
Q2247	what is the first icarly episode	List of iCarly episodes	When Carly ( Miranda Cosgrove ) and her sassy best friend Sam ( Jennette McCurdy ) act funny at a school talent show audition , tech-savvy Freddie ( Nathan Kress ) tapes it and posts it online without telling them.	00
Q2247	what is the first icarly episode	List of iCarly episodes	After seeing the girls' strong chemistry and banter, the online audience clamors for more and the iCarly webcast is born.	00
Q2247	what is the first icarly episode	List of iCarly episodes	While grappling with typical issues of adolescence, Carly, Sam, and Freddie find out that they have also become online celebrities as their show – which features talent contests, recipes, problem-solving, and random dancing – garners international accolades.	00
Q2247	what is the first icarly episode	List of iCarly episodes	Carly lives in Seattle , Washington with her 26-year-old brother and guardian Spencer ( Jerry Trainor ) and produces the show in a makeshift third-floor studio loft in their apartment.	00
Q2247	what is the first icarly episode	List of iCarly episodes	Their mother has never been seen or mentioned, but their father, Steven Shay ( David Chisum ), is a U.S. Air Force officer temporarily stationed on a submarine , and is often mentioned but is only seen in person during the series finale episode, "iGoodbye".	00
Q2249	who is is the singer westlife	Westlife	Westlife were an Irish boy band which formed in 1998 and disbanded in 2012.	11
Q2249	who is is the singer westlife	Westlife	Originally signed by Simon Cowell and managed by Louis Walsh , the group's final line-up consisted of Nicky Byrne , Kian Egan , Mark Feehily and Shane Filan .	00
Q2249	who is is the singer westlife	Westlife	Brian McFadden was a member from 1998 until his departure in 2004.	00
Q2249	who is is the singer westlife	Westlife	Westlife sold over 50 million records worldwide, a total that included studio albums, singles, video releases, and compilation albums.	00
Q2249	who is is the singer westlife	Westlife	The group accumulated 14 number-one singles in the United Kingdom (the third-highest in UK history), tying with Cliff Richard and ranking just behind The Beatles and Elvis Presley .	00
Q2249	who is is the singer westlife	Westlife	They achieved a total of 26 top ten singles over their 14-year career.	00
Q2249	who is is the singer westlife	Westlife	By 2010, Westlife was listed in the Guinness World Records , as the UK's top-selling album group of the 21st century.	00
Q2249	who is is the singer westlife	Westlife	They also won The Record of the Year (the only music award based on public votes in the UK) a record-breaking four times and in 2012, the Official Charts Company listed Westlife 34th amongst the biggest-selling singles artists in British music history.	00
Q2249	who is is the singer westlife	Westlife	Despite their European and Asian success, Westlife never managed to break into the U.S. market, achieving only one hit single in 2000: " Swear It Again ".	00
Q2249	who is is the singer westlife	Westlife	In October 2011, Westlife announced their intention to split in 2012, following their Greatest Hits Tour and the release of their Greatest Hits album.	00
Q2249	who is is the singer westlife	Westlife	The boyband's final concerts were held on 22 and 23 June 2012 at Croke Park Stadium in Dublin.	00
Q2249	who is is the singer westlife	Westlife	The first farewell concert, offering 85,000 tickets, sold out in a record-breaking 5 minutes and the latter screened live in cinemas worldwide.	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	Vitamin A is a group of nutritionally unsaturated hydrocarbons, which include retinol, retinal, retinoic acid and several provitamin A carotenoids among which beta-carotene is the most important.	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	Vitamin A has multiple functions, it is important for growth and development, for the maintenance of the immune system and good vision.	11
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	Vitamin A is needed by the retina of the eye in the form of retinal , which combines with protein opsin to form rhodopsin the light-absorbing molecule , that is necessary for both low-light ( scotopic vision) and color vision .	11
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	Vitamin A also functions in a very different role as an irreversibly oxidized form of retinol known as retinoic acid , which is an important hormone-like growth factor for epithelial and other cells.	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	In foods of animal origin, the major form of vitamin A is an ester , primarily retinyl palmitate , which is converted to retinol (chemically an alcohol ) in the small intestine.	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	The retinol form functions as a storage form of the vitamin, and can be converted to and from its visually active aldehyde form, retinal .	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	The associated acid (retinoic acid), a metabolite that can be irreversibly synthesized from vitamin A, has only partial vitamin A activity, and does not function in the retina for the visual cycle.	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	Retinoic acid is used for growth and cellular differentiation.	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	All forms of vitamin A have a beta-ionone ring to which an isoprenoid chain is attached, called a retinyl group.	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	Both structural features are essential for vitamin activity.	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	The orange pigment of carrots – beta-carotene – can be represented as two connected retinyl groups, which are used in the body to contribute to vitamin A levels.	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	Alpha-carotene and gamma-carotene also have a single retinyl group, which give them some vitamin activity.	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	None of the other carotenes have vitamin activity.	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	The carotenoid beta- cryptoxanthin possesses an ionone group and has vitamin activity in humans.	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	Vitamin A can be found in two principal forms in foods :	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	Retinol , the form of vitamin A absorbed when eating animal food sources, is a yellow, fat-soluble substance.	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	Since the pure alcohol form is unstable, the vitamin is found in tissues in a form of retinyl ester.	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	It is also commercially produced and administered as esters such as retinyl acetate or palmitate .	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	The carotenes alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, gamma-carotene; and the xanthophyll beta-cryptoxanthin (all of which contain beta-ionone rings), but no other carotenoids , function as provitamin A in herbivores and omnivore animals, which possess the enzyme (15-15'-dioxygenase) which cleaves beta-carotene in the intestinal mucosa and converts it retinol.	00
Q2250	what is vitamin a for	Vitamin A	In general, carnivores are poor converters of ionine-containing carotenoids, and pure carnivores such as cats and ferrets lack 15-15'-dioxygenase and cannot convert any carotenoids to retinal (resulting in none of the carotenoids being forms of vitamin A for these species).	00
Q2251	where is selena gomez from	Selena Gomez	Selena Marie Gomez (born July 22, 1992) is an American singer and actress.	00
Q2251	where is selena gomez from	Selena Gomez	She made her debut as a child actress in Barney & Friends .	00
Q2251	where is selena gomez from	Selena Gomez	In 2007, Gomez came to prominence as a starring cast member in the television series Wizards of Waverly Place .	00
Q2251	where is selena gomez from	Selena Gomez	She signed to Hollywood Records the following year, and became the founder and lead singer of the pop band Selena Gomez & the Scene .	00
Q2251	where is selena gomez from	Selena Gomez	Their studio albums Kiss & Tell (2009), A Year Without Rain (2010), and When the Sun Goes Down (2011) were certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and have spawned Platinum-certified singles " Naturally ", " Who Says ", and " Love You like a Love Song ".	00
Q2251	where is selena gomez from	Selena Gomez	After the release of television films and their accompanying soundtracks, Gomez made her theatrical film debut in Ramona and Beezus in 2010 and starred in Monte Carlo in 2011.	00
Q2251	where is selena gomez from	Selena Gomez	Upon the conclusion of Wizards of Waverly Place and the hiatus of Selena Gomez & the Scene in 2012, she focused on her film career, serving as a voice actress in Hotel Transylvania and starring in Spring Breakers the following year.	00
Q2251	where is selena gomez from	Selena Gomez	Her debut solo album is tentatively scheduled to be released in summer 2013, and is preceded by its lead single " Come & Get It ".	00
Q2251	where is selena gomez from	Selena Gomez	Outside of her work in the entertainment industry, Gomez is involved in philanthropic activities through charity work and various social and environmental causes.	00
Q2252	where is tracie spencer now	Tracie Spencer	Tracie Monique Spencer (born July 12, 1976) is an American R&B and pop singer-songwriter , actress , and model .	00
Q2253	what is the capital city of california.	Sacramento, California	Sacramento is the capital city of the U.S. state of California and the seat of government of Sacramento County .	11
Q2253	what is the capital city of california.	Sacramento, California	It is located at the confluence of the Sacramento River and the American River in the northern portion of California's expansive Central Valley .	00
Q2253	what is the capital city of california.	Sacramento, California	With an estimated 2011 population of 477,891, it is the sixth-largest city in California and the 35th largest city in the United States.	00
Q2253	what is the capital city of california.	Sacramento, California	Sacramento is the core cultural and economic center of the Sacramento metropolitan area which includes seven counties with an estimated 2009 population of 2,527,123.	00
Q2253	what is the capital city of california.	Sacramento, California	Its metropolitan area is the fourth largest in California after the Greater Los Angeles Area , San Francisco Bay Area , and the San Diego metropolitan area , as well as the 25th largest in the United States .	00
Q2253	what is the capital city of california.	Sacramento, California	Sacramento was cited by Time magazine as America's most ethnically and racially integrated city in 2002.	00
Q2253	what is the capital city of california.	Sacramento, California	Sacramento became a city through the efforts of the Swiss immigrant John Sutter, Sr. , his son John Sutter, Jr. , and James W. Marshall .	00
Q2253	what is the capital city of california.	Sacramento, California	Sacramento grew quickly thanks to the protection of Sutter's Fort , which was established by Sutter in 1839.	00
Q2253	what is the capital city of california.	Sacramento, California	During the California Gold Rush , Sacramento was a major distribution point, a commercial and agricultural center, and a terminus for wagon trains , stagecoaches , riverboats , the telegraph , the Pony Express , and the First Transcontinental Railroad .	00
Q2253	what is the capital city of california.	Sacramento, California	California State University, Sacramento , more commonly known as Sacramento State or Sac State, is the largest local university.	00
Q2253	what is the capital city of california.	Sacramento, California	It is one of the twenty-three campuses of the California State University system.	00
Q2253	what is the capital city of california.	Sacramento, California	Drexel University Sacramento is located in Downtown, Sacramento.	00
Q2253	what is the capital city of california.	Sacramento, California	University of the Pacific's McGeorge School of Law is located in the Oak Park neighborhood.	00
Q2253	what is the capital city of california.	Sacramento, California	In addition, the University of California, Davis is located in nearby Davis , west of the capital.	00
Q2253	what is the capital city of california.	Sacramento, California	The UC Davis Medical Center , a world-renowned research hospital, is located in the city of Sacramento.	00
Q2254	when is it memorial day	Memorial Day	Memorial Day is a United States federal holiday which occurs every year on the final Monday of May.	11
Q2254	when is it memorial day	Memorial Day	Memorial Day is a day of remembering the men and women who died while serving in the United States Armed Forces .	00
Q2254	when is it memorial day	Memorial Day	Formerly known as Decoration Day, it originated after the American Civil War to commemorate the Union and Confederate soldiers who died in the Civil War.	00
Q2254	when is it memorial day	Memorial Day	By the 20th century Memorial Day had been extended to honor all Americans who have died in all wars.	00

Q2241

who are florida's 2010 senators

United States Senate election in Florida, 2010

His support of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 hurt his popularity among conservatives, and candidate Marco Rubio surged.

00

Q2241

who are florida's 2010 senators

United States Senate election in Florida, 2010

In April 2010 Crist announced he would drop out of the Republican primary and run as an independent.

00

Q2241

who are florida's 2010 senators

United States Senate election in Florida, 2010

The National Republican Senatorial Committee withdrew its endorsement of Crist and demanded a refund of its campaign funds that it provided for the Crist campaign.

00

Q2241

who are florida's 2010 senators

United States Senate election in Florida, 2010

Congressman Kendrick Meek was the first Democrat to declare his intention to run.

00

Q2241

who are florida's 2010 senators

United States Senate election in Florida, 2010

Alexander Snitker was the first member of the Libertarian Party on the ballot for senator in Florida's history.

00

Q2242

what is the name of the founder of doha

Doha

Satellite view of Doha

00

Q2242

what is the name of the founder of doha

Doha

Doha (, ' or ', literally: "the big tree") is the capital city of the state of Qatar .

00

Q2242

what is the name of the founder of doha

Doha

Located on the coast of the Persian Gulf ,

00

Q2242

what is the name of the founder of doha

Doha

it had a population of 998,651 in 2008, and is also one of the municipalities of Qatar .

00

Q2242

what is the name of the founder of doha

Doha

Doha is Qatar's largest city, with over 60% of the nation's population residing in Doha or its surrounding suburbs , and is also the economic centre of the country.

00

Q2242

what is the name of the founder of doha

Doha

Doha also serves as the seat of government of Qatar, which is ruled by Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani .

00

Q2242

what is the name of the founder of doha

Doha

Doha is home to the Education City , an area devoted to research and education.

00

Q2242

what is the name of the founder of doha

Doha

Doha was the site of the first ministerial-level meeting of the Doha Development Round of World Trade Organization negotiations.

00

Q2242

what is the name of the founder of doha

Doha

The city of Doha held the 2006 Asian Games , which was the largest Asian Games ever held.

00

Q2242

what is the name of the founder of doha

Doha

Doha also hosted the 2011 Pan Arab Games and most of the games at the 2011 AFC Asian Cup .

00

Q2242

what is the name of the founder of doha

Doha

Doha hosted the UNFCCC Climate Negotiations (COP 18) December 2012 and will host a large number of the venues for the 2022 FIFA World Cup .

00

Q2242

what is the name of the founder of doha

Doha

The World Petroleum Council held the 20th World Petroleum Conference in Doha in December 2011.

00

Q2244

where are facial sinuses

Paranasal sinuses

Paranasal sinuses are a group of four paired air-filled spaces that surround the nasal cavity ( maxillary sinuses ), above the eyes ( frontal sinuses ), between the eyes ( ethmoid sinuses ), and behind the ethmoids ( sphenoid sinuses ).

11

Q2244

where are facial sinuses

Paranasal sinuses

The sinuses are named for the facial bones in which they are located.

00

Q2246

what is lean manufacturing and who developed

Lean manufacturing

Lean manufacturing, lean enterprise, or lean production, often simply, "Lean," is a production practice that considers the expenditure of resources for any goal other than the creation of value for the end customer to be wasteful, and thus a target for elimination.

11

Q2246

what is lean manufacturing and who developed

Lean manufacturing

Working from the perspective of the customer who consumes a product or service, "value" is defined as any action or process that a customer would be willing to pay for.

00

Q2246

what is lean manufacturing and who developed

Lean manufacturing

Essentially, lean is centered on preserving value with less work.

00

Q2246

what is lean manufacturing and who developed

Lean manufacturing

Lean manufacturing is a management philosophy derived mostly from the Toyota Production System (TPS) (hence the term Toyotism is also prevalent) and identified as "Lean" only in the 1990s.

11

Q2246

what is lean manufacturing and who developed

Lean manufacturing

TPS is renowned for its focus on reduction of the original Toyota seven wastes to improve overall customer value, but there are varying perspectives on how this is best achieved.

00

Q2246

what is lean manufacturing and who developed

Lean manufacturing

The steady growth of Toyota , from a small company to the world's largest automaker, has focused attention on how it has achieved this success.

00

Q2247

what is the first icarly episode

List of iCarly episodes

iCarly logo

00

Q2247

what is the first icarly episode

List of iCarly episodes

iCarly is an American sitcom that airs on Nickelodeon , which premiered on September 8, 2007.

00

Q2247

what is the first icarly episode

List of iCarly episodes

Nickelodeon promoted many episodes so far such as "iDo", "iHire an Idiot", "iPity the Nevel", "iDate Sam & Freddie", etc. as specials, despite their being regular episodes.

00

Q2247

what is the first icarly episode

List of iCarly episodes

Every episode title begins with a lower case i which represents the internet , as in "iCarly".

00

Q2247

what is the first icarly episode

List of iCarly episodes

The show was nominated for an Emmy award for Outstanding Children's Program in 2009.

00

Q2247

what is the first icarly episode

List of iCarly episodes

The series starring Miranda Cosgrove as Carly Shay, a 13-year-old who becomes an Internet star.

00

Q2247

what is the first icarly episode

List of iCarly episodes

The series ended on November 23, 2012 with the one-hour special episode "iGoodbye".

00

Q2247

what is the first icarly episode

List of iCarly episodes

A total of 7 seasons and 109 episodes were broadcast.

00

Q2247

what is the first icarly episode

List of iCarly episodes

The largest audience of the series was 11.2 million viewers, with the special episode "iSaved Your Life" premiered in January 2010.

00

Q2247

what is the first icarly episode

List of iCarly episodes

When Carly ( Miranda Cosgrove ) and her sassy best friend Sam ( Jennette McCurdy ) act funny at a school talent show audition , tech-savvy Freddie ( Nathan Kress ) tapes it and posts it online without telling them.

00

Q2247

what is the first icarly episode

List of iCarly episodes

After seeing the girls' strong chemistry and banter, the online audience clamors for more and the iCarly webcast is born.

00

Q2247

what is the first icarly episode

List of iCarly episodes

While grappling with typical issues of adolescence, Carly, Sam, and Freddie find out that they have also become online celebrities as their show – which features talent contests, recipes, problem-solving, and random dancing – garners international accolades.

00

Q2247

what is the first icarly episode

List of iCarly episodes

Carly lives in Seattle , Washington with her 26-year-old brother and guardian Spencer ( Jerry Trainor ) and produces the show in a makeshift third-floor studio loft in their apartment.

00

Q2247

what is the first icarly episode

List of iCarly episodes

Their mother has never been seen or mentioned, but their father, Steven Shay ( David Chisum ), is a U.S. Air Force officer temporarily stationed on a submarine , and is often mentioned but is only seen in person during the series finale episode, "iGoodbye".

00

Q2249

who is is the singer westlife

Westlife

Westlife were an Irish boy band which formed in 1998 and disbanded in 2012.

11

Q2249

who is is the singer westlife

Westlife

Originally signed by Simon Cowell and managed by Louis Walsh , the group's final line-up consisted of Nicky Byrne , Kian Egan , Mark Feehily and Shane Filan .

00

Q2249

who is is the singer westlife

Westlife

Brian McFadden was a member from 1998 until his departure in 2004.

00

Q2249

who is is the singer westlife

Westlife

Westlife sold over 50 million records worldwide, a total that included studio albums, singles, video releases, and compilation albums.

00

Q2249

who is is the singer westlife

Westlife

The group accumulated 14 number-one singles in the United Kingdom (the third-highest in UK history), tying with Cliff Richard and ranking just behind The Beatles and Elvis Presley .

00

Q2249

who is is the singer westlife

Westlife

They achieved a total of 26 top ten singles over their 14-year career.

00

Q2249

who is is the singer westlife

Westlife

By 2010, Westlife was listed in the Guinness World Records , as the UK's top-selling album group of the 21st century.

00

Q2249

who is is the singer westlife

Westlife

They also won The Record of the Year (the only music award based on public votes in the UK) a record-breaking four times and in 2012, the Official Charts Company listed Westlife 34th amongst the biggest-selling singles artists in British music history.

00

Q2249

who is is the singer westlife

Westlife

Despite their European and Asian success, Westlife never managed to break into the U.S. market, achieving only one hit single in 2000: " Swear It Again ".

00

Q2249

who is is the singer westlife

Westlife

In October 2011, Westlife announced their intention to split in 2012, following their Greatest Hits Tour and the release of their Greatest Hits album.

00

Q2249

who is is the singer westlife

Westlife

The boyband's final concerts were held on 22 and 23 June 2012 at Croke Park Stadium in Dublin.

00

Q2249

who is is the singer westlife

Westlife

The first farewell concert, offering 85,000 tickets, sold out in a record-breaking 5 minutes and the latter screened live in cinemas worldwide.

00

Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

Vitamin A is a group of nutritionally unsaturated hydrocarbons, which include retinol, retinal, retinoic acid and several provitamin A carotenoids among which beta-carotene is the most important.

00

Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

Vitamin A has multiple functions, it is important for growth and development, for the maintenance of the immune system and good vision.

11

Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

Vitamin A is needed by the retina of the eye in the form of retinal , which combines with protein opsin to form rhodopsin the light-absorbing molecule , that is necessary for both low-light ( scotopic vision) and color vision .

11

Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

Vitamin A also functions in a very different role as an irreversibly oxidized form of retinol known as retinoic acid , which is an important hormone-like growth factor for epithelial and other cells.

00

Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

In foods of animal origin, the major form of vitamin A is an ester , primarily retinyl palmitate , which is converted to retinol (chemically an alcohol ) in the small intestine.

00

Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

The retinol form functions as a storage form of the vitamin, and can be converted to and from its visually active aldehyde form, retinal .

00

Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

The associated acid (retinoic acid), a metabolite that can be irreversibly synthesized from vitamin A, has only partial vitamin A activity, and does not function in the retina for the visual cycle.

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Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

Retinoic acid is used for growth and cellular differentiation.

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Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

All forms of vitamin A have a beta-ionone ring to which an isoprenoid chain is attached, called a retinyl group.

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Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

Both structural features are essential for vitamin activity.

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Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

The orange pigment of carrots – beta-carotene – can be represented as two connected retinyl groups, which are used in the body to contribute to vitamin A levels.

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Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

Alpha-carotene and gamma-carotene also have a single retinyl group, which give them some vitamin activity.

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Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

None of the other carotenes have vitamin activity.

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Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

The carotenoid beta- cryptoxanthin possesses an ionone group and has vitamin activity in humans.

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Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

Vitamin A can be found in two principal forms in foods :

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Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

Retinol , the form of vitamin A absorbed when eating animal food sources, is a yellow, fat-soluble substance.

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Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

Since the pure alcohol form is unstable, the vitamin is found in tissues in a form of retinyl ester.

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Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

It is also commercially produced and administered as esters such as retinyl acetate or palmitate .

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Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

The carotenes alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, gamma-carotene; and the xanthophyll beta-cryptoxanthin (all of which contain beta-ionone rings), but no other carotenoids , function as provitamin A in herbivores and omnivore animals, which possess the enzyme (15-15'-dioxygenase) which cleaves beta-carotene in the intestinal mucosa and converts it retinol.

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Q2250

what is vitamin a for

Vitamin A

In general, carnivores are poor converters of ionine-containing carotenoids, and pure carnivores such as cats and ferrets lack 15-15'-dioxygenase and cannot convert any carotenoids to retinal (resulting in none of the carotenoids being forms of vitamin A for these species).

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Q2251

where is selena gomez from

Selena Gomez

Selena Marie Gomez (born July 22, 1992) is an American singer and actress.

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Q2251

where is selena gomez from

Selena Gomez

She made her debut as a child actress in Barney & Friends .

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Q2251

where is selena gomez from

Selena Gomez

In 2007, Gomez came to prominence as a starring cast member in the television series Wizards of Waverly Place .

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Q2251

where is selena gomez from

Selena Gomez

She signed to Hollywood Records the following year, and became the founder and lead singer of the pop band Selena Gomez & the Scene .

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Q2251

where is selena gomez from

Selena Gomez

Their studio albums Kiss & Tell (2009), A Year Without Rain (2010), and When the Sun Goes Down (2011) were certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and have spawned Platinum-certified singles " Naturally ", " Who Says ", and " Love You like a Love Song ".

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Q2251

where is selena gomez from

Selena Gomez

After the release of television films and their accompanying soundtracks, Gomez made her theatrical film debut in Ramona and Beezus in 2010 and starred in Monte Carlo in 2011.

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Q2251

where is selena gomez from

Selena Gomez

Upon the conclusion of Wizards of Waverly Place and the hiatus of Selena Gomez & the Scene in 2012, she focused on her film career, serving as a voice actress in Hotel Transylvania and starring in Spring Breakers the following year.

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Q2251

where is selena gomez from

Selena Gomez

Her debut solo album is tentatively scheduled to be released in summer 2013, and is preceded by its lead single " Come & Get It ".

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Q2251

where is selena gomez from

Selena Gomez

Outside of her work in the entertainment industry, Gomez is involved in philanthropic activities through charity work and various social and environmental causes.

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Q2252

where is tracie spencer now

Tracie Spencer

Tracie Monique Spencer (born July 12, 1976) is an American R&B and pop singer-songwriter , actress , and model .

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Q2253