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Q1137
what race was Thaddeus Stevens
Thaddeus Stevens
Thaddeus Stevens (April 4, 1792 – August 11, 1868), of Pennsylvania , was a leader of the Radical Republican faction of the Republican Party and a fierce opponent of slavery.
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Q1137
what race was Thaddeus Stevens
Thaddeus Stevens
He was one of the most influential members in the history of Congress.
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Q1137
what race was Thaddeus Stevens
Thaddeus Stevens
As chairman of the powerful House Ways and Means Committee , Stevens, a witty, sarcastic speaker and flamboyant party leader, dominated the House from 1861 until his death.
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Q1137
what race was Thaddeus Stevens
Thaddeus Stevens
He wrote much of the financial legislation that paid for the American Civil War .
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Q1137
what race was Thaddeus Stevens
Thaddeus Stevens
Stevens and Senator Charles Sumner were the prime leaders of the Radical Republicans during the war and Reconstruction era .
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Q1137
what race was Thaddeus Stevens
Thaddeus Stevens
Scholarly views of Stevens have swung sharply since his death as interpretations of Reconstruction have changed.
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Q1137
what race was Thaddeus Stevens
Thaddeus Stevens
Historians of the Dunning School (1890s–1940s) held Stevens responsible for demanding harsh treatment of the white South and violating American traditions of republicanism , depicting Stevens as a villain for his advocacy of harsh measures in the South such as disfranchising all ex-Confederates.
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Q1137
what race was Thaddeus Stevens
Thaddeus Stevens
This highly negative characterization held sway into the 1950s.
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Q1137
what race was Thaddeus Stevens
Thaddeus Stevens
The rise of the neo-abolitionist school in the 1950s led to a strong positive appreciation of Stevens' work on civil rights for Freedmen.
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Q1137
what race was Thaddeus Stevens
Thaddeus Stevens
A recent biographer characterizes him as, "The Great Commoner, savior of free public education in Pennsylvania, national Republican leader in the struggles against slavery in the United States and intrepid mainstay of the attempt to secure racial justice for the Freedmen during Reconstruction, the only member of the House of Representatives ever to have been known as the 'dictator' of Congress."
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
Overview of the translation of eukaryotic messenger RNA
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
Diagram showing the translation of mRNA and the synthesis of proteins by a ribosome
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
In molecular biology and genetics , translation is the process through which cellular ribosomes manufacture proteins .
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
It is part of the process of gene expression .
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
In translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) produced by transcription is decoded by the ribosome to produce a specific amino acid chain, or polypeptide , that will later fold into an active protein.
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
In bacteria, translation occurs in the cell's cytoplasm , where the large and small subunits of the ribosome are located, and bind to the mRNA.
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
In eukaryotes, translation occurs across the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum in a process called vectorial synthesis .
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
The ribosome facilitates decoding by inducing the binding of tRNAs with complementary anticodon sequences to that of the mRNA.
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
The tRNAs carry specific amino acids that are chained together into a polypeptide as the mRNA passes through and is "read" by the ribosome in a fashion reminiscent to that of a stock ticker and ticker tape .
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
In many instances, the entire ribosome/mRNA complex binds to the outer membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and releases the nascent protein polypeptide inside for later vesicle transport and secretion outside of the cell.
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
Many types of transcribed RNA, such as transfer RNA, ribosomal RNA, and small nuclear RNA, do not undergo translation into proteins.
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
Translation proceeds in four phases: initiation, elongation, translocation and termination (all describing the growth of the amino acid chain, or polypeptide that is the product of translation).
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
Amino acids are brought to ribosomes and assembled into proteins.
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
In activation, the correct amino acid is covalently bonded to the correct transfer RNA (tRNA) .
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
The amino acid is joined by its carboxyl group to the 3' OH of the tRNA by an ester bond .
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
When the tRNA has an amino acid linked to it, it is termed "charged".
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
Initiation involves the small subunit of the ribosome binding to the 5' end of mRNA with the help of initiation factors (IF).
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
Termination of the polypeptide happens when the A site of the ribosome faces a stop codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA).
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
No tRNA can recognize or bind to this codon.
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
Instead, the stop codon induces the binding of a release factor protein that prompts the disassembly of the entire ribosome/mRNA complex.
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
A number of antibiotics act by inhibiting translation; these include anisomycin , cycloheximide , chloramphenicol , tetracycline , streptomycin , erythromycin , and puromycin , among others.
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Q1139
where translation on DNA happens
Translation (biology)
Prokaryotic ribosomes have a different structure from that of eukaryotic ribosomes, and thus antibiotics can specifically target bacterial infections without any detriment to a eukaryotic host's cells.
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Q1140
what is a mms message
Multimedia Messaging Service
A multimedia message on a mobile phone .
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Q1140
what is a mms message
Multimedia Messaging Service
Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) is a standard way to send messages that include multimedia content to and from mobile phones .
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Q1140
what is a mms message
Multimedia Messaging Service
It extends the core SMS ( Short Message Service ) capability that allowed exchange of text messages only up to 160 characters in length.
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Q1140
what is a mms message
Multimedia Messaging Service
The most popular use is to send photographs from camera-equipped handsets , although it is also popular as a method of delivering news and entertainment content including videos, pictures, text pages and ringtones .
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Q1140
what is a mms message
Multimedia Messaging Service
The standard is developed by the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA), although during development it was part of the 3GPP and WAP groups.
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
Smallpox was an infectious disease unique to humans, caused by either of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor.
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
The disease is also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera, derived from varius ("spotted") or varus ("pimple").
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
The disease was originally known in English as the "pox" or "red plague"; the term "smallpox" was first used in Britain in the 15th century to distinguish variola from the "great pox" ( syphilis ).
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
The last naturally occurring case of smallpox (Variola minor) was diagnosed on 26 October 1977.
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
Smallpox localized in small blood vessels of the skin and in the mouth and throat.
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
In the skin it resulted in a characteristic maculopapular rash and, later, raised fluid-filled blisters .
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
V. major produces a more serious disease and has an overall mortality rate of 30–35%.
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
V. minor causes a milder form of disease (also known as alastrim , cottonpox, milkpox, whitepox, and Cuban itch) which kills about 1% of its victims.
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
Long-term complications of V. major infection include characteristic scars, commonly on the face, which occur in 65–85% of survivors.
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
Blindness resulting from corneal ulceration and scarring, and limb deformities due to arthritis and osteomyelitis are less common complications, seen in about 2–5% of cases.
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
Smallpox is believed to have emerged in human populations about 10,000 BC.
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
The earliest physical evidence of it is probably the pustular rash on the mummified body of Pharaoh Ramses V of Egypt.
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
The disease killed an estimated 400,000 Europeans annually during the closing years of the 18th century (including five reigning monarchs ), and was responsible for a third of all blindness.
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
Of all those infected, 20–60%—and over 80% of infected children—died from the disease.
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
Smallpox was responsible for an estimated 300–500 million deaths during the 20th century.
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
As recently as 1967, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 15 million people contracted the disease and that two million died in that year.
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
After vaccination campaigns throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, the WHO certified the eradication of smallpox in 1979.
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Q1141
where in the world are smallpox common
Smallpox
Smallpox is one of two infectious diseases to have been eradicated, the other being rinderpest , which was declared eradicated in 2011.
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Q1142
what year did the beatles came out with the song i wanna hold your hand
I Want to Hold Your Hand
"I Want to Hold Your Hand" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles .
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Q1142
what year did the beatles came out with the song i wanna hold your hand
I Want to Hold Your Hand
Written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney , and recorded in October 1963, it was the first Beatles record to be made using four-track equipment.
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Q1142
what year did the beatles came out with the song i wanna hold your hand
I Want to Hold Your Hand
With advance orders exceeding one million copies in the United Kingdom, "I Want to Hold Your Hand" would ordinarily have gone straight to the top of the British record charts on its day of release (29 November 1963) had it not been blocked by the group's first million seller " She Loves You ", the Beatles' previous UK single, which was having a resurgent spell in the top position following intense media coverage of the group.
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Q1142
what year did the beatles came out with the song i wanna hold your hand
I Want to Hold Your Hand
Taking two weeks to dislodge its predecessor, "I Want to Hold Your Hand" stayed at number one for five weeks and remained in the UK top fifty for twenty-one weeks in total.
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Q1142
what year did the beatles came out with the song i wanna hold your hand
I Want to Hold Your Hand
It was also the group's first American number one, entering the Billboard Hot 100 chart on 18 January 1964 at number forty-five and starting the British invasion of the American music industry.
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Q1142
what year did the beatles came out with the song i wanna hold your hand
I Want to Hold Your Hand
By 1 February it held the number one spot — for seven weeks — before being replaced by "She Loves You", a reverse scenario of what had occurred in Britain, and remained in the US charts for a total of fifteen weeks.
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Q1142
what year did the beatles came out with the song i wanna hold your hand
I Want to Hold Your Hand
"I Want to Hold Your Hand" became the Beatles' best-selling single worldwide .
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Q1143
what is a gasser car
Gasser (car)
A gasser was a type of hot rod originating on the dragstrips of the United States in the late 1950s and continued until the early 1970s.
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Q1143
what is a gasser car
Gasser (car)
Gassers were based on production models from the 1930s to mid-1960s, which have been stripped of extraneous weight and jacked up using a truck beam axle to provide better weight distribution on acceleration (Beam axles are also lighter than an independent front suspension), though a raised stock front suspension is common as well.
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Q1143
what is a gasser car
Gasser (car)
Common weight reduction techniques include fiberglass body panels, stripped interiors and plexiglass windows (sometimes color tinted).
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Q1143
what is a gasser car
Gasser (car)
Because they were primarily built for racing, these cars typically had the engine swapped to a larger or more powerful one, the existing stock engine modified (often heavily) or both.
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Q1143
what is a gasser car
Gasser (car)
It was very common to fit a Roots supercharger and mechanical fuel injection , such as one from Algon, Hilborn, or Crower.
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Q1143
what is a gasser car
Gasser (car)
With form being dictated by function, their appearance is often very top heavy and ungainly, largely due to front ends being raised higher than stock, to assist in the weight transfer during rapid acceleration (racing).
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Q1143
what is a gasser car
Gasser (car)
Having their exhaust pipes exit through the front fender well is a common characteristic of gassers , as is having bodies painted in flamboyant metalflakes, pearls, and candy finishes complemented by lettering in wild fonts.
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Q1143
what is a gasser car
Gasser (car)
The name arose because they competed in a gasoline -fueled drag racing class, rather than one using methanol or nitromethane .
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Q1143
what is a gasser car
Gasser (car)
The gasser is the predecessor of the modern Funny Car .
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Q1144
when an ekg has T wave inversion in lead 2
Electrocardiography
Twelve-lead EKG of a 26-year-old male
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Q1144
when an ekg has T wave inversion in lead 2
Electrocardiography
Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG from ) is a transthoracic (across the thorax or chest) interpretation of the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time , as detected by electrodes attached to the surface of the skin and recorded by a device external to the body.
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Q1144
when an ekg has T wave inversion in lead 2
Electrocardiography
The recording produced by this noninvasive procedure is termed an electrocardiogram (also ECG or EKG).
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Q1144
when an ekg has T wave inversion in lead 2
Electrocardiography
An ECG is used to measure the rate and regularity of heartbeats, as well as the size and position of the chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart, and the effects of drugs or devices used to regulate the heart, such as a pacemaker .
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Q1144
when an ekg has T wave inversion in lead 2
Electrocardiography
Most ECGs are performed for diagnostic or research purposes on human hearts , but may also be performed on animals, usually for diagnosis of heart abnormalities or research.
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Q1149
what are some advantages that donald trump has had
Donald trump
Donald John Trump, Sr. (born June 14, 1946) is an American business magnate , television personality and author.
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Q1149
what are some advantages that donald trump has had
Donald trump
He is the chairman and president of The Trump Organization and the founder of Trump Entertainment Resorts .
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Q1149
what are some advantages that donald trump has had
Donald trump
Trump's extravagant lifestyle, outspoken manner, and role on the NBC reality show The Apprentice have made him a well-known celebrity who was No. 14 on the 2012 Forbes Celebrity 100 list.
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Q1149
what are some advantages that donald trump has had
Donald trump
Trump is the son of Fred Trump , a wealthy New York City real-estate developer.
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Q1149
what are some advantages that donald trump has had
Donald trump
He worked for his father's firm, Elizabeth Trump & Son, while attending the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania , and in 1968 officially joined the company.
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Q1149
what are some advantages that donald trump has had
Donald trump
He was given control of the company in 1971 and renamed it The Trump Organization.
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Q1149
what are some advantages that donald trump has had
Donald trump
In 2010, Trump expressed an interest in becoming a candidate for president of the United States in the 2012 election , though in May 2011, he announced he would not be a candidate.
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Q1149
what are some advantages that donald trump has had
Donald trump
In December 2011, Trump was suggested as a possible vice presidential selection by Michele Bachmann , if she were to win the Republican nomination.
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Q1153
who sang that song-a change is going to come
A Change Is Gonna Come
"A Change Is Gonna Come" is a 1964 single by R&B singer-songwriter Sam Cooke , written and first recorded in 1963 and released under the RCA Victor label shortly after his death in late 1964.
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Q1153
who sang that song-a change is going to come
A Change Is Gonna Come
Though only a modest hit for Cooke in comparison with his previous singles, the song came to exemplify the 1960s' Civil Rights Movement .
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Q1153
who sang that song-a change is going to come
A Change Is Gonna Come
The song has gained in popularity and critical acclaim in the decades since its release, and is #12 on Rolling Stone 's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time .
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Q1156
who invented geothermal energy technology
Geothermal energy
Steam rising from the Nesjavellir Geothermal Power Station in Iceland .
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Q1156
who invented geothermal energy technology
Geothermal energy
Geothermal energy is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth.
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Q1156
who invented geothermal energy technology
Geothermal energy
Thermal energy is the energy that determines the temperature of matter.
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Q1156
who invented geothermal energy technology
Geothermal energy
The Geothermal energy of the Earth's crust originates from the original formation of the planet (20%) and from radioactive decay of minerals (80%).
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Q1156
who invented geothermal energy technology
Geothermal energy
The geothermal gradient , which is the difference in temperature between the core of the planet and its surface, drives a continuous conduction of thermal energy in the form of heat from the core to the surface.
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Q1156
who invented geothermal energy technology
Geothermal energy
The adjective geothermal originates from the Greek roots γη (ge), meaning earth, and θερμος (thermos), meaning hot.
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Q1156
who invented geothermal energy technology
Geothermal energy
At the core of the Earth, thermal energy is created by radioactive decay and temperatures may reach over 5000 °C (9,000 °F).
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Q1156
who invented geothermal energy technology
Geothermal energy
Heat conducts from the core to surrounding cooler rock.
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Q1156
who invented geothermal energy technology
Geothermal energy
The high temperature and pressure cause some rock to melt, creating magma convection upward since it is lighter than the solid rock.
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Q1156
who invented geothermal energy technology
Geothermal energy
The magma heats rock and water in the crust, sometimes up to 370 °C (700 °F).
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Q1156
who invented geothermal energy technology
Geothermal energy
From hot springs , geothermal energy has been used for bathing since Paleolithic times and for space heating since ancient Roman times, but it is now better known for electricity generation .
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Q1156
who invented geothermal energy technology
Geothermal energy
Worldwide, about 10,715 megawatts (MW) of geothermal power is online in 24 countries.
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Q1156
who invented geothermal energy technology
Geothermal energy
An additional 28 gigawatts of direct geothermal heating capacity is installed for district heating, space heating, spas, industrial processes, desalination and agricultural applications.
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