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56e1170de3433e1400422bc2 | Canon_law | In Presbyterian and Reformed churches, canon law is known as "practice and procedure" or "church order", and includes the church's laws respecting its government, discipline, legal practice and worship. | What aspect of management is covered by church order? | {
"text": [
"government"
],
"answer_start": [
151
]
} |
56e1170de3433e1400422bc3 | Canon_law | In Presbyterian and Reformed churches, canon law is known as "practice and procedure" or "church order", and includes the church's laws respecting its government, discipline, legal practice and worship. | What aspect of decorum is covered by practice and procedure? | {
"text": [
"discipline"
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
} |
56e1170de3433e1400422bc4 | Canon_law | In Presbyterian and Reformed churches, canon law is known as "practice and procedure" or "church order", and includes the church's laws respecting its government, discipline, legal practice and worship. | What aspect of faith is covered by canon law? | {
"text": [
"worship"
],
"answer_start": [
194
]
} |
56e11801e3433e1400422bca | Canon_law | Roman canon law had been criticized by the Presbyterians as early as 1572 in the Admonition to Parliament. The protest centered on the standard defense that canon law could exist retained so long as it did not contradict the civil law. According to Polly Ha, the Reformed Church Government refuted this claiming that the bishops had been enforcing canon law for 1500 years. | What group took issue with the Roman canons? | {
"text": [
"the Presbyterians"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
} |
56e11801e3433e1400422bcb | Canon_law | Roman canon law had been criticized by the Presbyterians as early as 1572 in the Admonition to Parliament. The protest centered on the standard defense that canon law could exist retained so long as it did not contradict the civil law. According to Polly Ha, the Reformed Church Government refuted this claiming that the bishops had been enforcing canon law for 1500 years. | In what year was there documented criticism of Roman church law by Presbyterians? | {
"text": [
"1572"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
} |
56e11801e3433e1400422bcc | Canon_law | Roman canon law had been criticized by the Presbyterians as early as 1572 in the Admonition to Parliament. The protest centered on the standard defense that canon law could exist retained so long as it did not contradict the civil law. According to Polly Ha, the Reformed Church Government refuted this claiming that the bishops had been enforcing canon law for 1500 years. | To whom did Presbyterians complain in 1572? | {
"text": [
"Parliament"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
} |
56e11801e3433e1400422bcd | Canon_law | Roman canon law had been criticized by the Presbyterians as early as 1572 in the Admonition to Parliament. The protest centered on the standard defense that canon law could exist retained so long as it did not contradict the civil law. According to Polly Ha, the Reformed Church Government refuted this claiming that the bishops had been enforcing canon law for 1500 years. | For how long did the Reformed Church state that canon had been administered by members of the church? | {
"text": [
"1500 years"
],
"answer_start": [
359
]
} |
56e11801e3433e1400422bce | Canon_law | Roman canon law had been criticized by the Presbyterians as early as 1572 in the Admonition to Parliament. The protest centered on the standard defense that canon law could exist retained so long as it did not contradict the civil law. According to Polly Ha, the Reformed Church Government refuted this claiming that the bishops had been enforcing canon law for 1500 years. | Which church officials were responsible for the administration of canon law? | {
"text": [
"bishops"
],
"answer_start": [
318
]
} |
56e1189acd28a01900c675a1 | Canon_law | The Book of Concord is the historic doctrinal statement of the Lutheran Church, consisting of ten creedal documents recognized as authoritative in Lutheranism since the 16th century. However, the Book of Concord is a confessional document (stating orthodox belief) rather than a book of ecclesiastical rules or discipline, like canon law. Each Lutheran national church establishes its own system of church order and discipline, though these are referred to as "canons." | What is a fundamental collection of documents of the Lutherans? | {
"text": [
"The Book of Concord"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
56e1189acd28a01900c675a2 | Canon_law | The Book of Concord is the historic doctrinal statement of the Lutheran Church, consisting of ten creedal documents recognized as authoritative in Lutheranism since the 16th century. However, the Book of Concord is a confessional document (stating orthodox belief) rather than a book of ecclesiastical rules or discipline, like canon law. Each Lutheran national church establishes its own system of church order and discipline, though these are referred to as "canons." | Beginning in what century was the Book of Concord a central part of the Lutheran Church? | {
"text": [
"16th"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
} |
56e1189acd28a01900c675a3 | Canon_law | The Book of Concord is the historic doctrinal statement of the Lutheran Church, consisting of ten creedal documents recognized as authoritative in Lutheranism since the 16th century. However, the Book of Concord is a confessional document (stating orthodox belief) rather than a book of ecclesiastical rules or discipline, like canon law. Each Lutheran national church establishes its own system of church order and discipline, though these are referred to as "canons." | What kind of statement is the Book of Concord? | {
"text": [
"confessional"
],
"answer_start": [
216
]
} |
56e1189acd28a01900c675a4 | Canon_law | The Book of Concord is the historic doctrinal statement of the Lutheran Church, consisting of ten creedal documents recognized as authoritative in Lutheranism since the 16th century. However, the Book of Concord is a confessional document (stating orthodox belief) rather than a book of ecclesiastical rules or discipline, like canon law. Each Lutheran national church establishes its own system of church order and discipline, though these are referred to as "canons." | What are the legislative systems of various Lutheran institutions called? | {
"text": [
"canons"
],
"answer_start": [
460
]
} |
56e1189acd28a01900c675a5 | Canon_law | The Book of Concord is the historic doctrinal statement of the Lutheran Church, consisting of ten creedal documents recognized as authoritative in Lutheranism since the 16th century. However, the Book of Concord is a confessional document (stating orthodox belief) rather than a book of ecclesiastical rules or discipline, like canon law. Each Lutheran national church establishes its own system of church order and discipline, though these are referred to as "canons." | What kind of belief is the subject of the Book of Concord? | {
"text": [
"orthodox"
],
"answer_start": [
247
]
} |
56e0f1cd231d4119001ac494 | Communications_in_Somalia | Communications in Somalia encompasses the communications services and capacity of Somalia. Telecommunications, internet, radio, print, television and postal services in the nation are largely concentrated in the private sector. Several of the telecom firms have begun expanding their activities abroad. The federal government operates two official radio and television networks, which exist alongside a number of private and foreign stations. Print media in the country is also progressively giving way to news radio stations and online portals, as internet connectivity and access increases. Additionally, the national postal service is slated to be officially relaunched in 2013 after a long absence. In 2012, a National Communications Act was also approved by Cabinet members, which lays the foundation for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. | How many official radio and television networks does the government of Somalia operate? | {
"text": [
"two"
],
"answer_start": [
335
]
} |
56e0f1cd231d4119001ac495 | Communications_in_Somalia | Communications in Somalia encompasses the communications services and capacity of Somalia. Telecommunications, internet, radio, print, television and postal services in the nation are largely concentrated in the private sector. Several of the telecom firms have begun expanding their activities abroad. The federal government operates two official radio and television networks, which exist alongside a number of private and foreign stations. Print media in the country is also progressively giving way to news radio stations and online portals, as internet connectivity and access increases. Additionally, the national postal service is slated to be officially relaunched in 2013 after a long absence. In 2012, a National Communications Act was also approved by Cabinet members, which lays the foundation for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. | Are communication services in Somalia mainly located in the public or private sector? | {
"text": [
"private"
],
"answer_start": [
212
]
} |
56e0f1cd231d4119001ac496 | Communications_in_Somalia | Communications in Somalia encompasses the communications services and capacity of Somalia. Telecommunications, internet, radio, print, television and postal services in the nation are largely concentrated in the private sector. Several of the telecom firms have begun expanding their activities abroad. The federal government operates two official radio and television networks, which exist alongside a number of private and foreign stations. Print media in the country is also progressively giving way to news radio stations and online portals, as internet connectivity and access increases. Additionally, the national postal service is slated to be officially relaunched in 2013 after a long absence. In 2012, a National Communications Act was also approved by Cabinet members, which lays the foundation for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. | As internet access increases, news media and online portals replace what form of media? | {
"text": [
"Print media"
],
"answer_start": [
443
]
} |
56e0f1cd231d4119001ac497 | Communications_in_Somalia | Communications in Somalia encompasses the communications services and capacity of Somalia. Telecommunications, internet, radio, print, television and postal services in the nation are largely concentrated in the private sector. Several of the telecom firms have begun expanding their activities abroad. The federal government operates two official radio and television networks, which exist alongside a number of private and foreign stations. Print media in the country is also progressively giving way to news radio stations and online portals, as internet connectivity and access increases. Additionally, the national postal service is slated to be officially relaunched in 2013 after a long absence. In 2012, a National Communications Act was also approved by Cabinet members, which lays the foundation for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. | What year was the national postal service of Somalia relaunched? | {
"text": [
"2013"
],
"answer_start": [
676
]
} |
56e0f1cd231d4119001ac498 | Communications_in_Somalia | Communications in Somalia encompasses the communications services and capacity of Somalia. Telecommunications, internet, radio, print, television and postal services in the nation are largely concentrated in the private sector. Several of the telecom firms have begun expanding their activities abroad. The federal government operates two official radio and television networks, which exist alongside a number of private and foreign stations. Print media in the country is also progressively giving way to news radio stations and online portals, as internet connectivity and access increases. Additionally, the national postal service is slated to be officially relaunched in 2013 after a long absence. In 2012, a National Communications Act was also approved by Cabinet members, which lays the foundation for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. | In 2012, what act was approved to establish a National Communications regulator? | {
"text": [
"National Communications Act"
],
"answer_start": [
714
]
} |
56e10cc5cd28a01900c674cd | Communications_in_Somalia | Communications in Somalia encompasses the communications services and capacity of Somalia. Telecommunications, internet, radio, print, television and postal services in the nation are largely concentrated in the private sector. Several of the telecom firms have begun expanding their activities abroad. The federal government operates two official radio and television networks, which exist alongside a number of private and foreign stations. Print media in the country is also progressively giving way to news radio stations and online portals, as internet connectivity and access increases. Additionally, the national postal service is slated to be officially relaunched in 2013 after a long absence. In 2012, a National Communications Act was also approved by Cabinet members, which lays the foundation for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. | Are communications services in Somalia mostly concentrated in the public or private sector? | {
"text": [
"private"
],
"answer_start": [
212
]
} |
56e1b286cd28a01900c67a7a | Communications_in_Somalia | Communications in Somalia encompasses the communications services and capacity of Somalia. Telecommunications, internet, radio, print, television and postal services in the nation are largely concentrated in the private sector. Several of the telecom firms have begun expanding their activities abroad. The federal government operates two official radio and television networks, which exist alongside a number of private and foreign stations. Print media in the country is also progressively giving way to news radio stations and online portals, as internet connectivity and access increases. Additionally, the national postal service is slated to be officially relaunched in 2013 after a long absence. In 2012, a National Communications Act was also approved by Cabinet members, which lays the foundation for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. | Communications in Somalia are mostly concentrated in what sector? | {
"text": [
"private"
],
"answer_start": [
212
]
} |
56e1b286cd28a01900c67a7b | Communications_in_Somalia | Communications in Somalia encompasses the communications services and capacity of Somalia. Telecommunications, internet, radio, print, television and postal services in the nation are largely concentrated in the private sector. Several of the telecom firms have begun expanding their activities abroad. The federal government operates two official radio and television networks, which exist alongside a number of private and foreign stations. Print media in the country is also progressively giving way to news radio stations and online portals, as internet connectivity and access increases. Additionally, the national postal service is slated to be officially relaunched in 2013 after a long absence. In 2012, a National Communications Act was also approved by Cabinet members, which lays the foundation for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. | How many official rado iand TV networks does the governemt of Somalia run? | {
"text": [
"two"
],
"answer_start": [
335
]
} |
56e1b286cd28a01900c67a7c | Communications_in_Somalia | Communications in Somalia encompasses the communications services and capacity of Somalia. Telecommunications, internet, radio, print, television and postal services in the nation are largely concentrated in the private sector. Several of the telecom firms have begun expanding their activities abroad. The federal government operates two official radio and television networks, which exist alongside a number of private and foreign stations. Print media in the country is also progressively giving way to news radio stations and online portals, as internet connectivity and access increases. Additionally, the national postal service is slated to be officially relaunched in 2013 after a long absence. In 2012, a National Communications Act was also approved by Cabinet members, which lays the foundation for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. | What type of media decreases and internet connectivity increases? | {
"text": [
"Print media"
],
"answer_start": [
443
]
} |
56e1b286cd28a01900c67a7d | Communications_in_Somalia | Communications in Somalia encompasses the communications services and capacity of Somalia. Telecommunications, internet, radio, print, television and postal services in the nation are largely concentrated in the private sector. Several of the telecom firms have begun expanding their activities abroad. The federal government operates two official radio and television networks, which exist alongside a number of private and foreign stations. Print media in the country is also progressively giving way to news radio stations and online portals, as internet connectivity and access increases. Additionally, the national postal service is slated to be officially relaunched in 2013 after a long absence. In 2012, a National Communications Act was also approved by Cabinet members, which lays the foundation for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. | What types of media increases as internet connectivity and access increases? | {
"text": [
"radio stations and online portals"
],
"answer_start": [
511
]
} |
56e1b286cd28a01900c67a7e | Communications_in_Somalia | Communications in Somalia encompasses the communications services and capacity of Somalia. Telecommunications, internet, radio, print, television and postal services in the nation are largely concentrated in the private sector. Several of the telecom firms have begun expanding their activities abroad. The federal government operates two official radio and television networks, which exist alongside a number of private and foreign stations. Print media in the country is also progressively giving way to news radio stations and online portals, as internet connectivity and access increases. Additionally, the national postal service is slated to be officially relaunched in 2013 after a long absence. In 2012, a National Communications Act was also approved by Cabinet members, which lays the foundation for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. | What year is the postal service in Somalia set to relaunch? | {
"text": [
"2013"
],
"answer_start": [
676
]
} |
56e0f607231d4119001ac4e5 | Communications_in_Somalia | After the start of the polite war, various new telecommunications companies began to spring up in the country and competed to provide missing infrastructure. Somalia now offers some of the most technologically advanced and competitively priced telecommunications and internet services in the world. Funded by Somali entrepreneurs and backed by expertise from China, Korea and Europe, these nascent telecommunications firms offer affordable mobile phone and internet services that are not available in many other parts of the continent. Customers can conduct money transfers (such as through the popular Dahabshiil) and other banking activities via mobile phones, as well as easily gain wireless Internet access. | Who funded the new telecommunications firms in Somalia? | {
"text": [
"Somali entrepreneurs"
],
"answer_start": [
308
]
} |
56e0f607231d4119001ac4e6 | Communications_in_Somalia | After the start of the polite war, various new telecommunications companies began to spring up in the country and competed to provide missing infrastructure. Somalia now offers some of the most technologically advanced and competitively priced telecommunications and internet services in the world. Funded by Somali entrepreneurs and backed by expertise from China, Korea and Europe, these nascent telecommunications firms offer affordable mobile phone and internet services that are not available in many other parts of the continent. Customers can conduct money transfers (such as through the popular Dahabshiil) and other banking activities via mobile phones, as well as easily gain wireless Internet access. | China, Korea, and Europe lent what to the creation of the new firms. | {
"text": [
"expertise"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} |
56e0f607231d4119001ac4e7 | Communications_in_Somalia | After the start of the polite war, various new telecommunications companies began to spring up in the country and competed to provide missing infrastructure. Somalia now offers some of the most technologically advanced and competitively priced telecommunications and internet services in the world. Funded by Somali entrepreneurs and backed by expertise from China, Korea and Europe, these nascent telecommunications firms offer affordable mobile phone and internet services that are not available in many other parts of the continent. Customers can conduct money transfers (such as through the popular Dahabshiil) and other banking activities via mobile phones, as well as easily gain wireless Internet access. | What do the new telecommunications firms in Somalia offer that is not available in many other parts of the continent? | {
"text": [
"affordable mobile phone and internet services"
],
"answer_start": [
428
]
} |
56e0f607231d4119001ac4e8 | Communications_in_Somalia | After the start of the polite war, various new telecommunications companies began to spring up in the country and competed to provide missing infrastructure. Somalia now offers some of the most technologically advanced and competitively priced telecommunications and internet services in the world. Funded by Somali entrepreneurs and backed by expertise from China, Korea and Europe, these nascent telecommunications firms offer affordable mobile phone and internet services that are not available in many other parts of the continent. Customers can conduct money transfers (such as through the popular Dahabshiil) and other banking activities via mobile phones, as well as easily gain wireless Internet access. | Money transfers and wireless internet are two things that customers can now accomplish via what? | {
"text": [
"mobile phones"
],
"answer_start": [
647
]
} |
56e1b39fcd28a01900c67a84 | Communications_in_Somalia | After the start of the polite war, various new telecommunications companies began to spring up in the country and competed to provide missing infrastructure. Somalia now offers some of the most technologically advanced and competitively priced telecommunications and internet services in the world. Funded by Somali entrepreneurs and backed by expertise from China, Korea and Europe, these nascent telecommunications firms offer affordable mobile phone and internet services that are not available in many other parts of the continent. Customers can conduct money transfers (such as through the popular Dahabshiil) and other banking activities via mobile phones, as well as easily gain wireless Internet access. | When the civil war began, many telecomunications companies were created to provide missing what? | {
"text": [
"infrastructure"
],
"answer_start": [
141
]
} |
56e1b4f3cd28a01900c67a98 | Communications_in_Somalia | After forming partnerships with multinational corporations such as Sprint, ITT and Telenor, these firms now offer the cheapest and clearest phone calls in Africa. These Somali telecommunication companies also provide services to every city, town and hamlet in Somalia. There are presently around 25 mainlines per 1,000 persons, and the local availability of telephone lines (tele-density) is higher than in neighboring countries; three times greater than in adjacent Ethiopia. Prominent Somali telecommunications companies include Somtel Network, Golis Telecom Group, Hormuud Telecom, Somafone, Nationlink, Netco, Telcom and Somali Telecom Group. Hormuud Telecom alone grosses about $40 million a year. Despite their rivalry, several of these companies signed an interconnectivity deal in 2005 that allows them to put prices, maintain and expand their networks, and ensure that competition does not get out of control. | Sprint, ITT, and Telenor are examples of what? | {
"text": [
"multinational corporations"
],
"answer_start": [
32
]
} |
56e1b4f3cd28a01900c67a99 | Communications_in_Somalia | After forming partnerships with multinational corporations such as Sprint, ITT and Telenor, these firms now offer the cheapest and clearest phone calls in Africa. These Somali telecommunication companies also provide services to every city, town and hamlet in Somalia. There are presently around 25 mainlines per 1,000 persons, and the local availability of telephone lines (tele-density) is higher than in neighboring countries; three times greater than in adjacent Ethiopia. Prominent Somali telecommunications companies include Somtel Network, Golis Telecom Group, Hormuud Telecom, Somafone, Nationlink, Netco, Telcom and Somali Telecom Group. Hormuud Telecom alone grosses about $40 million a year. Despite their rivalry, several of these companies signed an interconnectivity deal in 2005 that allows them to put prices, maintain and expand their networks, and ensure that competition does not get out of control. | Who provides service to every City, town, and hamlet in Somalia? | {
"text": [
"Somali telecommunication companies"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
} |
56e1b4f3cd28a01900c67a9a | Communications_in_Somalia | After forming partnerships with multinational corporations such as Sprint, ITT and Telenor, these firms now offer the cheapest and clearest phone calls in Africa. These Somali telecommunication companies also provide services to every city, town and hamlet in Somalia. There are presently around 25 mainlines per 1,000 persons, and the local availability of telephone lines (tele-density) is higher than in neighboring countries; three times greater than in adjacent Ethiopia. Prominent Somali telecommunications companies include Somtel Network, Golis Telecom Group, Hormuud Telecom, Somafone, Nationlink, Netco, Telcom and Somali Telecom Group. Hormuud Telecom alone grosses about $40 million a year. Despite their rivalry, several of these companies signed an interconnectivity deal in 2005 that allows them to put prices, maintain and expand their networks, and ensure that competition does not get out of control. | aproximately how many main lines are there per 1000 people? | {
"text": [
"25"
],
"answer_start": [
296
]
} |
56e1b4f3cd28a01900c67a9b | Communications_in_Somalia | After forming partnerships with multinational corporations such as Sprint, ITT and Telenor, these firms now offer the cheapest and clearest phone calls in Africa. These Somali telecommunication companies also provide services to every city, town and hamlet in Somalia. There are presently around 25 mainlines per 1,000 persons, and the local availability of telephone lines (tele-density) is higher than in neighboring countries; three times greater than in adjacent Ethiopia. Prominent Somali telecommunications companies include Somtel Network, Golis Telecom Group, Hormuud Telecom, Somafone, Nationlink, Netco, Telcom and Somali Telecom Group. Hormuud Telecom alone grosses about $40 million a year. Despite their rivalry, several of these companies signed an interconnectivity deal in 2005 that allows them to put prices, maintain and expand their networks, and ensure that competition does not get out of control. | what is another word for availability of telephone lines? | {
"text": [
"tele-density"
],
"answer_start": [
375
]
} |
56e1b4f3cd28a01900c67a9c | Communications_in_Somalia | After forming partnerships with multinational corporations such as Sprint, ITT and Telenor, these firms now offer the cheapest and clearest phone calls in Africa. These Somali telecommunication companies also provide services to every city, town and hamlet in Somalia. There are presently around 25 mainlines per 1,000 persons, and the local availability of telephone lines (tele-density) is higher than in neighboring countries; three times greater than in adjacent Ethiopia. Prominent Somali telecommunications companies include Somtel Network, Golis Telecom Group, Hormuud Telecom, Somafone, Nationlink, Netco, Telcom and Somali Telecom Group. Hormuud Telecom alone grosses about $40 million a year. Despite their rivalry, several of these companies signed an interconnectivity deal in 2005 that allows them to put prices, maintain and expand their networks, and ensure that competition does not get out of control. | How much does Hormuud Telecom gross per year? | {
"text": [
"$40 million"
],
"answer_start": [
683
]
} |
56e1b646e3433e14004230cc | Communications_in_Somalia | In 2008, Dahabshiil Group acquired a majority stake in Somtel Network, a Hargeisa-based telecommunications firm specialising in high-pitched speed broadband, mobile internet, LTE services, mobile money transfer and mobile phone services. The acquisition provided Dahabshiil with the necessary platform for a subsequent expansion into mobile banking, a growth industry in the regional banking sector. In 2014, Somalia's three largest telecommunication operators, Hormuud Telecom, NationLink and Somtel, also signed an interconnection agreement. The cooperative deal will see the firms establish the Somali Telecommunication Company (STC), which will allow their mobile clients to communicate across the three networks. | What year did Dahabhiil acquire the majority of Somtal network? | {
"text": [
"2008"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
56e1b646e3433e14004230cd | Communications_in_Somalia | In 2008, Dahabshiil Group acquired a majority stake in Somtel Network, a Hargeisa-based telecommunications firm specialising in high-pitched speed broadband, mobile internet, LTE services, mobile money transfer and mobile phone services. The acquisition provided Dahabshiil with the necessary platform for a subsequent expansion into mobile banking, a growth industry in the regional banking sector. In 2014, Somalia's three largest telecommunication operators, Hormuud Telecom, NationLink and Somtel, also signed an interconnection agreement. The cooperative deal will see the firms establish the Somali Telecommunication Company (STC), which will allow their mobile clients to communicate across the three networks. | Where is Somtal network located? | {
"text": [
"Hargeisa"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
} |
56e1b646e3433e14004230ce | Communications_in_Somalia | In 2008, Dahabshiil Group acquired a majority stake in Somtel Network, a Hargeisa-based telecommunications firm specialising in high-pitched speed broadband, mobile internet, LTE services, mobile money transfer and mobile phone services. The acquisition provided Dahabshiil with the necessary platform for a subsequent expansion into mobile banking, a growth industry in the regional banking sector. In 2014, Somalia's three largest telecommunication operators, Hormuud Telecom, NationLink and Somtel, also signed an interconnection agreement. The cooperative deal will see the firms establish the Somali Telecommunication Company (STC), which will allow their mobile clients to communicate across the three networks. | Buying Somtal Network allowed Dahabshiil to expand into what type of banking? | {
"text": [
"mobile banking"
],
"answer_start": [
326
]
} |
56e1b646e3433e14004230cf | Communications_in_Somalia | In 2008, Dahabshiil Group acquired a majority stake in Somtel Network, a Hargeisa-based telecommunications firm specialising in high-pitched speed broadband, mobile internet, LTE services, mobile money transfer and mobile phone services. The acquisition provided Dahabshiil with the necessary platform for a subsequent expansion into mobile banking, a growth industry in the regional banking sector. In 2014, Somalia's three largest telecommunication operators, Hormuud Telecom, NationLink and Somtel, also signed an interconnection agreement. The cooperative deal will see the firms establish the Somali Telecommunication Company (STC), which will allow their mobile clients to communicate across the three networks. | STC stands for what? | {
"text": [
"Somali Telecommunication Company"
],
"answer_start": [
590
]
} |
56e1b646e3433e14004230d0 | Communications_in_Somalia | In 2008, Dahabshiil Group acquired a majority stake in Somtel Network, a Hargeisa-based telecommunications firm specialising in high-pitched speed broadband, mobile internet, LTE services, mobile money transfer and mobile phone services. The acquisition provided Dahabshiil with the necessary platform for a subsequent expansion into mobile banking, a growth industry in the regional banking sector. In 2014, Somalia's three largest telecommunication operators, Hormuud Telecom, NationLink and Somtel, also signed an interconnection agreement. The cooperative deal will see the firms establish the Somali Telecommunication Company (STC), which will allow their mobile clients to communicate across the three networks. | The STC allows its customers to communicate across how many networks? | {
"text": [
"three"
],
"answer_start": [
411
]
} |
56e1b743cd28a01900c67ab6 | Communications_in_Somalia | Investment in the telecom industry is held to exist one of the clearest signs that Somalia's economy has continued to develop. The sector provides key communication services, and in the process facilitates job creation and income generation. | Investing in what Industry is a sign that Somalia's economy is continuing to improve? | {
"text": [
"telecom industry"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
} |
56e1b743cd28a01900c67ab7 | Communications_in_Somalia | Investment in the telecom industry is held to exist one of the clearest signs that Somalia's economy has continued to develop. The sector provides key communication services, and in the process facilitates job creation and income generation. | What sector provides key communication services? | {
"text": [
"telecom"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
} |
56e1b8adcd28a01900c67ac6 | Communications_in_Somalia | On March 22, 2012, the Somali Cabinet unanimously approved the National Communications Act, which paves the way for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. The bill was passed following consultations between government representatives and communications, academic and polite society stakeholders. According to the Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunication, the Act is expected to create an environment conducive to investment and the certainty it provides will encourage further infrastructural development, resulting in more efficient service delivery. | What year was the national Communications act enacted? | {
"text": [
"2012"
],
"answer_start": [
13
]
} |
56e1b8adcd28a01900c67ac7 | Communications_in_Somalia | On March 22, 2012, the Somali Cabinet unanimously approved the National Communications Act, which paves the way for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. The bill was passed following consultations between government representatives and communications, academic and polite society stakeholders. According to the Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunication, the Act is expected to create an environment conducive to investment and the certainty it provides will encourage further infrastructural development, resulting in more efficient service delivery. | What Act clears the way for a National Communications Regulator? | {
"text": [
"the National Communications Act"
],
"answer_start": [
59
]
} |
56e1b8adcd28a01900c67ac8 | Communications_in_Somalia | On March 22, 2012, the Somali Cabinet unanimously approved the National Communications Act, which paves the way for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. The bill was passed following consultations between government representatives and communications, academic and polite society stakeholders. According to the Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunication, the Act is expected to create an environment conducive to investment and the certainty it provides will encourage further infrastructural development, resulting in more efficient service delivery. | What types of stakeholders consulted on the bill to enact the National Communications Act? | {
"text": [
"academic and civil society"
],
"answer_start": [
324
]
} |
56e1b8adcd28a01900c67ac9 | Communications_in_Somalia | On March 22, 2012, the Somali Cabinet unanimously approved the National Communications Act, which paves the way for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. The bill was passed following consultations between government representatives and communications, academic and polite society stakeholders. According to the Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunication, the Act is expected to create an environment conducive to investment and the certainty it provides will encourage further infrastructural development, resulting in more efficient service delivery. | The National Communications Act is expected to create and invironment favorable for what? | {
"text": [
"investment"
],
"answer_start": [
494
]
} |
56e1b8adcd28a01900c67aca | Communications_in_Somalia | On March 22, 2012, the Somali Cabinet unanimously approved the National Communications Act, which paves the way for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. The bill was passed following consultations between government representatives and communications, academic and polite society stakeholders. According to the Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunication, the Act is expected to create an environment conducive to investment and the certainty it provides will encourage further infrastructural development, resulting in more efficient service delivery. | Continued infrastructure development results in more efficient what? | {
"text": [
"service delivery"
],
"answer_start": [
615
]
} |
56e1b959cd28a01900c67ad0 | Communications_in_Somalia | The Somali Postal Service (Somali Post) is the national postal service of the Federal Government of Somalia. It is part of the Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunication. | What is the name of the Somali postal service? | {
"text": [
"Somali Post"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
56e1b959cd28a01900c67ad1 | Communications_in_Somalia | The Somali Postal Service (Somali Post) is the national postal service of the Federal Government of Somalia. It is part of the Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunication. | What is the name of the National postal service of Somalia? | {
"text": [
"Somali Post"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
56e1ba62cd28a01900c67aea | Communications_in_Somalia | The national postal infrastructure was completely destroyed during the polite war. In order to fill the vacuum, Somali Post signed an agreement in 2003 with the United Arab Emirates' Emirates Post to process mail to and from Somalia. Emirates Post's mail transit hub at the Dubai International Airport was then used to forward mail from Somalia to the UAE and various Western destinations, including Italy, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Switzerland and Canada. | When was the infrastructure of the postal service destroyed? | {
"text": [
"during the civil war"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} |
56e1ba62cd28a01900c67aed | Communications_in_Somalia | The national postal infrastructure was completely destroyed during the polite war. In order to fill the vacuum, Somali Post signed an agreement in 2003 with the United Arab Emirates' Emirates Post to process mail to and from Somalia. Emirates Post's mail transit hub at the Dubai International Airport was then used to forward mail from Somalia to the UAE and various Western destinations, including Italy, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Switzerland and Canada. | What airport is home to the Emirates post mail hub? | {
"text": [
"Dubai International"
],
"answer_start": [
273
]
} |
56e1bbb8cd28a01900c67af2 | Communications_in_Somalia | Concurrently, the Somali Transitional Federal Government began preparations to resuscitate the national postal service. The government's overall reconstruction plan for Somali Post is structured into three Phases spread out over a period of ten years. Phase I will see the reconstruction of the postal headquarters and General Post Office (GPO), as well as the establishment of 16 branch offices in the capital and 17 in regional bases. As of March 2012, the Somali authorities have re-established Somalia's membership with the Universal Postal Union (UPU), and taken part once again in the Union's affairs. They have also rehabilitated the GPO in Mogadishu, and appointed an official Postal Consultant to provide professional advice on the renovations. Phase II of the rehabilitation project involves the construction of 718 postal outlets from 2014 to 2016. Phase III is slated to begin in 2017, with the objective of creating 897 postal outlets by 2022. | How many phases made up the reconstruction plan for the Somali Post? | {
"text": [
"three"
],
"answer_start": [
195
]
} |
56e1bbb8cd28a01900c67af3 | Communications_in_Somalia | Concurrently, the Somali Transitional Federal Government began preparations to resuscitate the national postal service. The government's overall reconstruction plan for Somali Post is structured into three Phases spread out over a period of ten years. Phase I will see the reconstruction of the postal headquarters and General Post Office (GPO), as well as the establishment of 16 branch offices in the capital and 17 in regional bases. As of March 2012, the Somali authorities have re-established Somalia's membership with the Universal Postal Union (UPU), and taken part once again in the Union's affairs. They have also rehabilitated the GPO in Mogadishu, and appointed an official Postal Consultant to provide professional advice on the renovations. Phase II of the rehabilitation project involves the construction of 718 postal outlets from 2014 to 2016. Phase III is slated to begin in 2017, with the objective of creating 897 postal outlets by 2022. | Over what period of time did the reconstruction plan for the Somali Post cover? | {
"text": [
"ten years"
],
"answer_start": [
236
]
} |
56e1bbb8cd28a01900c67af4 | Communications_in_Somalia | Concurrently, the Somali Transitional Federal Government began preparations to resuscitate the national postal service. The government's overall reconstruction plan for Somali Post is structured into three Phases spread out over a period of ten years. Phase I will see the reconstruction of the postal headquarters and General Post Office (GPO), as well as the establishment of 16 branch offices in the capital and 17 in regional bases. As of March 2012, the Somali authorities have re-established Somalia's membership with the Universal Postal Union (UPU), and taken part once again in the Union's affairs. They have also rehabilitated the GPO in Mogadishu, and appointed an official Postal Consultant to provide professional advice on the renovations. Phase II of the rehabilitation project involves the construction of 718 postal outlets from 2014 to 2016. Phase III is slated to begin in 2017, with the objective of creating 897 postal outlets by 2022. | How many branch offices will be constructed in the capital in phase one of the reconstruction plan? | {
"text": [
"16"
],
"answer_start": [
373
]
} |
56e1bbb8cd28a01900c67af5 | Communications_in_Somalia | Concurrently, the Somali Transitional Federal Government began preparations to resuscitate the national postal service. The government's overall reconstruction plan for Somali Post is structured into three Phases spread out over a period of ten years. Phase I will see the reconstruction of the postal headquarters and General Post Office (GPO), as well as the establishment of 16 branch offices in the capital and 17 in regional bases. As of March 2012, the Somali authorities have re-established Somalia's membership with the Universal Postal Union (UPU), and taken part once again in the Union's affairs. They have also rehabilitated the GPO in Mogadishu, and appointed an official Postal Consultant to provide professional advice on the renovations. Phase II of the rehabilitation project involves the construction of 718 postal outlets from 2014 to 2016. Phase III is slated to begin in 2017, with the objective of creating 897 postal outlets by 2022. | How many branch offices will be creted in general bases? | {
"text": [
"17"
],
"answer_start": [
410
]
} |
56e1bbb8cd28a01900c67af6 | Communications_in_Somalia | Concurrently, the Somali Transitional Federal Government began preparations to resuscitate the national postal service. The government's overall reconstruction plan for Somali Post is structured into three Phases spread out over a period of ten years. Phase I will see the reconstruction of the postal headquarters and General Post Office (GPO), as well as the establishment of 16 branch offices in the capital and 17 in regional bases. As of March 2012, the Somali authorities have re-established Somalia's membership with the Universal Postal Union (UPU), and taken part once again in the Union's affairs. They have also rehabilitated the GPO in Mogadishu, and appointed an official Postal Consultant to provide professional advice on the renovations. Phase II of the rehabilitation project involves the construction of 718 postal outlets from 2014 to 2016. Phase III is slated to begin in 2017, with the objective of creating 897 postal outlets by 2022. | What year did Somali authorities rejoin the Universal Postal Union? | {
"text": [
"2012"
],
"answer_start": [
444
]
} |
56e1bc7ae3433e140042310e | Communications_in_Somalia | On 1 November 2013, international postal services for Somalia officially resumed. The Universal Postal Union is now assisting the Somali Postal Service to evolve its capacity, including providing technical assistance and basic mail processing equipment. | What year did postal service in Somalia resume? | {
"text": [
"2013"
],
"answer_start": [
14
]
} |
56e1bc7ae3433e140042310f | Communications_in_Somalia | On 1 November 2013, international postal services for Somalia officially resumed. The Universal Postal Union is now assisting the Somali Postal Service to evolve its capacity, including providing technical assistance and basic mail processing equipment. | Who is helping the Somali Postal service reach its capacity? | {
"text": [
"Universal Postal Union"
],
"answer_start": [
86
]
} |
56e1bc7ae3433e1400423110 | Communications_in_Somalia | On 1 November 2013, international postal services for Somalia officially resumed. The Universal Postal Union is now assisting the Somali Postal Service to evolve its capacity, including providing technical assistance and basic mail processing equipment. | What type of assistance does the postal union provide? | {
"text": [
"technical"
],
"answer_start": [
197
]
} |
56e1bc7ae3433e1400423111 | Communications_in_Somalia | On 1 November 2013, international postal services for Somalia officially resumed. The Universal Postal Union is now assisting the Somali Postal Service to evolve its capacity, including providing technical assistance and basic mail processing equipment. | What type of equipment does the postal union provide? | {
"text": [
"basic mail processing equipment"
],
"answer_start": [
222
]
} |
56e1be09cd28a01900c67b04 | Communications_in_Somalia | There are a number of radio news agencies based in Somalia. Established during the colonial period, Radio Mogadishu initially broadcast news items in both Somali and Italian. The station was modernized with Russian assistance following independence in 1960, and began offering home service in Somali, Amharic and Oromo. After closing down operations in the early 1990s due to the polite war, the station was officially re-opened in the early 2000s by the Transitional National Government. In the late 2000s, Radio Mogadishu also launched a complementary website of the same name, with news items in Somali, Arabic and English. | When was Radio Mogadishu established? | {
"text": [
"during the colonial period"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} |
56e1be09cd28a01900c67b05 | Communications_in_Somalia | There are a number of radio news agencies based in Somalia. Established during the colonial period, Radio Mogadishu initially broadcast news items in both Somali and Italian. The station was modernized with Russian assistance following independence in 1960, and began offering home service in Somali, Amharic and Oromo. After closing down operations in the early 1990s due to the polite war, the station was officially re-opened in the early 2000s by the Transitional National Government. In the late 2000s, Radio Mogadishu also launched a complementary website of the same name, with news items in Somali, Arabic and English. | What languages di Radio Mogadishu originally broadcast in? | {
"text": [
"Somali and Italian"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} |
56e1be09cd28a01900c67b06 | Communications_in_Somalia | There are a number of radio news agencies based in Somalia. Established during the colonial period, Radio Mogadishu initially broadcast news items in both Somali and Italian. The station was modernized with Russian assistance following independence in 1960, and began offering home service in Somali, Amharic and Oromo. After closing down operations in the early 1990s due to the polite war, the station was officially re-opened in the early 2000s by the Transitional National Government. In the late 2000s, Radio Mogadishu also launched a complementary website of the same name, with news items in Somali, Arabic and English. | What countrys assistance helped Radio Mogadishu modernize? | {
"text": [
"Russian assistance"
],
"answer_start": [
207
]
} |
56e1be09cd28a01900c67b07 | Communications_in_Somalia | There are a number of radio news agencies based in Somalia. Established during the colonial period, Radio Mogadishu initially broadcast news items in both Somali and Italian. The station was modernized with Russian assistance following independence in 1960, and began offering home service in Somali, Amharic and Oromo. After closing down operations in the early 1990s due to the polite war, the station was officially re-opened in the early 2000s by the Transitional National Government. In the late 2000s, Radio Mogadishu also launched a complementary website of the same name, with news items in Somali, Arabic and English. | What type of services were offered in Somali, Amharic, and Oromo? | {
"text": [
"home service"
],
"answer_start": [
277
]
} |
56e1bf20e3433e1400423120 | Communications_in_Somalia | other radio stations based in Mogadishu include Mustaqbal Media corporation and the Shabelle Media Network, the latter of which was in 2010 awarded the Media of the Year prize by the Paris-based journalism organisation, Reporters Without Borders (RSF). In total, about one short-wave and ten private FM radio stations broadcast from the capital, with several radio stations broadcasting from the central and southern regions. | Mustaqbal Media Corporation is based where? | {
"text": [
"Mogadishu"
],
"answer_start": [
30
]
} |
56e1bf20e3433e1400423121 | Communications_in_Somalia | other radio stations based in Mogadishu include Mustaqbal Media corporation and the Shabelle Media Network, the latter of which was in 2010 awarded the Media of the Year prize by the Paris-based journalism organisation, Reporters Without Borders (RSF). In total, about one short-wave and ten private FM radio stations broadcast from the capital, with several radio stations broadcasting from the central and southern regions. | In what year was Shabelle Media network awarded the media of the year prize? | {
"text": [
"2010"
],
"answer_start": [
135
]
} |
56e1bf20e3433e1400423124 | Communications_in_Somalia | other radio stations based in Mogadishu include Mustaqbal Media corporation and the Shabelle Media Network, the latter of which was in 2010 awarded the Media of the Year prize by the Paris-based journalism organisation, Reporters Without Borders (RSF). In total, about one short-wave and ten private FM radio stations broadcast from the capital, with several radio stations broadcasting from the central and southern regions. | How many short wave radio stations broadcast from the capital? | {
"text": [
"one"
],
"answer_start": [
269
]
} |
56e1c042cd28a01900c67b22 | Communications_in_Somalia | The northeastern Puntland region has around six private radio stations, including Radio Garowe, Radio Daljir, Radio Codka-Nabbada and Radio Codka-Mudug. Radio Gaalkacyo, formerly known as Radio Free Somalia, operates from Galkayo in the north-central Mudug province. Additionally, the Somaliland region in the northwest has one government-operated radio station. | About how many private radio stations does the region of Puntland have? | {
"text": [
"six"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
} |
56e1c042cd28a01900c67b23 | Communications_in_Somalia | The northeastern Puntland region has around six private radio stations, including Radio Garowe, Radio Daljir, Radio Codka-Nabbada and Radio Codka-Mudug. Radio Gaalkacyo, formerly known as Radio Free Somalia, operates from Galkayo in the north-central Mudug province. Additionally, the Somaliland region in the northwest has one government-operated radio station. | What is the former name of Radio Gaalkacyo? | {
"text": [
"Radio Free Somalia"
],
"answer_start": [
188
]
} |
56e1c042cd28a01900c67b24 | Communications_in_Somalia | The northeastern Puntland region has around six private radio stations, including Radio Garowe, Radio Daljir, Radio Codka-Nabbada and Radio Codka-Mudug. Radio Gaalkacyo, formerly known as Radio Free Somalia, operates from Galkayo in the north-central Mudug province. Additionally, the Somaliland region in the northwest has one government-operated radio station. | Where does RAdio Gaalkacyo operate from? | {
"text": [
"Galkayo"
],
"answer_start": [
222
]
} |
56e1c042cd28a01900c67b25 | Communications_in_Somalia | The northeastern Puntland region has around six private radio stations, including Radio Garowe, Radio Daljir, Radio Codka-Nabbada and Radio Codka-Mudug. Radio Gaalkacyo, formerly known as Radio Free Somalia, operates from Galkayo in the north-central Mudug province. Additionally, the Somaliland region in the northwest has one government-operated radio station. | What province is Galkayo located in? | {
"text": [
"Mudug province"
],
"answer_start": [
251
]
} |
56e1c042cd28a01900c67b26 | Communications_in_Somalia | The northeastern Puntland region has around six private radio stations, including Radio Garowe, Radio Daljir, Radio Codka-Nabbada and Radio Codka-Mudug. Radio Gaalkacyo, formerly known as Radio Free Somalia, operates from Galkayo in the north-central Mudug province. Additionally, the Somaliland region in the northwest has one government-operated radio station. | How many government operated radio stations exist in the Somaliland region? | {
"text": [
"one"
],
"answer_start": [
324
]
} |
56e1c12fe3433e140042312a | Communications_in_Somalia | The Mogadishu-based Somali National Television is the principal national public service broadcaster. On March 18, 2011, the Ministry of Information of the Transitional Federal Government began experimental broadcasts of the new TV channel. After a 20-year hiatus, the station was shortly thereafter officially re-launched on April 4, 2011. SNTV broadcasts 24 hours a day, and can exist viewed both within Somalia and abroad via terrestrial and satellite platforms. | What TV station is the main public service broadcaster in Somalia? | {
"text": [
"Somali National Television"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
} |
56e1c12fe3433e140042312b | Communications_in_Somalia | The Mogadishu-based Somali National Television is the principal national public service broadcaster. On March 18, 2011, the Ministry of Information of the Transitional Federal Government began experimental broadcasts of the new TV channel. After a 20-year hiatus, the station was shortly thereafter officially re-launched on April 4, 2011. SNTV broadcasts 24 hours a day, and can exist viewed both within Somalia and abroad via terrestrial and satellite platforms. | Where is Somali National Television located? | {
"text": [
"Mogadishu"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
56e1c12fe3433e140042312c | Communications_in_Somalia | The Mogadishu-based Somali National Television is the principal national public service broadcaster. On March 18, 2011, the Ministry of Information of the Transitional Federal Government began experimental broadcasts of the new TV channel. After a 20-year hiatus, the station was shortly thereafter officially re-launched on April 4, 2011. SNTV broadcasts 24 hours a day, and can exist viewed both within Somalia and abroad via terrestrial and satellite platforms. | What year did experimental broadcasts of Somali National Television begin? | {
"text": [
"2011"
],
"answer_start": [
114
]
} |
56e1c12fe3433e140042312d | Communications_in_Somalia | The Mogadishu-based Somali National Television is the principal national public service broadcaster. On March 18, 2011, the Ministry of Information of the Transitional Federal Government began experimental broadcasts of the new TV channel. After a 20-year hiatus, the station was shortly thereafter officially re-launched on April 4, 2011. SNTV broadcasts 24 hours a day, and can exist viewed both within Somalia and abroad via terrestrial and satellite platforms. | When was Somali Nation Television officially re-launched? | {
"text": [
"April 4, 2011"
],
"answer_start": [
325
]
} |
56e1c12fe3433e140042312e | Communications_in_Somalia | The Mogadishu-based Somali National Television is the principal national public service broadcaster. On March 18, 2011, the Ministry of Information of the Transitional Federal Government began experimental broadcasts of the new TV channel. After a 20-year hiatus, the station was shortly thereafter officially re-launched on April 4, 2011. SNTV broadcasts 24 hours a day, and can exist viewed both within Somalia and abroad via terrestrial and satellite platforms. | Howmany hours a day does SNTV broadcast? | {
"text": [
"24"
],
"answer_start": [
356
]
} |
56e1c227cd28a01900c67b32 | Communications_in_Somalia | Additionally, Somalia has several private television networks, including Horn Cable Television and Universal TV. Two such TV stations re-broadcast Al-Jazeera and CNN. Eastern Television Network and SBC TV air from Bosaso, the commercial capital of Puntland. The Puntland and Somaliland regions also each have one government-run TV channel, Puntland TV and Radio and Somaliland National TV, respectively. | Horn Cable Television and Universal TV are examples of what? | {
"text": [
"private television networks"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} |
56e1c227cd28a01900c67b33 | Communications_in_Somalia | Additionally, Somalia has several private television networks, including Horn Cable Television and Universal TV. Two such TV stations re-broadcast Al-Jazeera and CNN. Eastern Television Network and SBC TV air from Bosaso, the commercial capital of Puntland. The Puntland and Somaliland regions also each have one government-run TV channel, Puntland TV and Radio and Somaliland National TV, respectively. | What type of Tv startions replay AL=jazeera and CNN? | {
"text": [
"private television networks"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} |
56e1c227cd28a01900c67b34 | Communications_in_Somalia | Additionally, Somalia has several private television networks, including Horn Cable Television and Universal TV. Two such TV stations re-broadcast Al-Jazeera and CNN. Eastern Television Network and SBC TV air from Bosaso, the commercial capital of Puntland. The Puntland and Somaliland regions also each have one government-run TV channel, Puntland TV and Radio and Somaliland National TV, respectively. | Where does SBC TV broadcast from? | {
"text": [
"Bosaso"
],
"answer_start": [
214
]
} |
56e1c227cd28a01900c67b35 | Communications_in_Somalia | Additionally, Somalia has several private television networks, including Horn Cable Television and Universal TV. Two such TV stations re-broadcast Al-Jazeera and CNN. Eastern Television Network and SBC TV air from Bosaso, the commercial capital of Puntland. The Puntland and Somaliland regions also each have one government-run TV channel, Puntland TV and Radio and Somaliland National TV, respectively. | What is the commercial capital of Puntland? | {
"text": [
"Bosaso"
],
"answer_start": [
214
]
} |
56e1c227cd28a01900c67b36 | Communications_in_Somalia | Additionally, Somalia has several private television networks, including Horn Cable Television and Universal TV. Two such TV stations re-broadcast Al-Jazeera and CNN. Eastern Television Network and SBC TV air from Bosaso, the commercial capital of Puntland. The Puntland and Somaliland regions also each have one government-run TV channel, Puntland TV and Radio and Somaliland National TV, respectively. | Howmany governemnt run channels do Puntland and Somaliland regions have? | {
"text": [
"one"
],
"answer_start": [
309
]
} |
56e1c348cd28a01900c67b3d | Communications_in_Somalia | In the early 2000s, print media in Somalia reached a peak in activity. Around 50 newspapers were published in Mogadishu alone during this period, including Qaran, Mogadishu Times, Sana'a, Shabelle Press, Ayaamaha, Mandeeq, Sky Sport, Goal, The Nation, Dalka, Panorama, Aayaha Nolosha, Codka Xuriyada and Xidigta Maanta. In 2003, as new free electronic media outlets started to proliferate, advertisers increasingly began switching over from print ads to radio and on-line commercials in order to reach more customers. A number of the broadsheets in circulation subsequently closed down operations, as they were no longer able to cover printing costs in the face of the electronic revolution. In 2012, the political Xog Doon and Xog Ogaal and Horyaal Sports were reportedly the last remaining newspapers printed in the capital. According to Issa Farah, a former editor with the Dalka broadsheet, newspaper publishing in Somalia is likely to experience a resurgence if the National Somali Printing Press is re-opened and the sector is given adequate public support. | Where was The Mogadishu Times published? | {
"text": [
"Mogadishu"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} |
56e1c348cd28a01900c67b3e | Communications_in_Somalia | In the early 2000s, print media in Somalia reached a peak in activity. Around 50 newspapers were published in Mogadishu alone during this period, including Qaran, Mogadishu Times, Sana'a, Shabelle Press, Ayaamaha, Mandeeq, Sky Sport, Goal, The Nation, Dalka, Panorama, Aayaha Nolosha, Codka Xuriyada and Xidigta Maanta. In 2003, as new free electronic media outlets started to proliferate, advertisers increasingly began switching over from print ads to radio and on-line commercials in order to reach more customers. A number of the broadsheets in circulation subsequently closed down operations, as they were no longer able to cover printing costs in the face of the electronic revolution. In 2012, the political Xog Doon and Xog Ogaal and Horyaal Sports were reportedly the last remaining newspapers printed in the capital. According to Issa Farah, a former editor with the Dalka broadsheet, newspaper publishing in Somalia is likely to experience a resurgence if the National Somali Printing Press is re-opened and the sector is given adequate public support. | What year did free media outlets begin to expand? | {
"text": [
"2003"
],
"answer_start": [
323
]
} |
56e1c348cd28a01900c67b3f | Communications_in_Somalia | In the early 2000s, print media in Somalia reached a peak in activity. Around 50 newspapers were published in Mogadishu alone during this period, including Qaran, Mogadishu Times, Sana'a, Shabelle Press, Ayaamaha, Mandeeq, Sky Sport, Goal, The Nation, Dalka, Panorama, Aayaha Nolosha, Codka Xuriyada and Xidigta Maanta. In 2003, as new free electronic media outlets started to proliferate, advertisers increasingly began switching over from print ads to radio and on-line commercials in order to reach more customers. A number of the broadsheets in circulation subsequently closed down operations, as they were no longer able to cover printing costs in the face of the electronic revolution. In 2012, the political Xog Doon and Xog Ogaal and Horyaal Sports were reportedly the last remaining newspapers printed in the capital. According to Issa Farah, a former editor with the Dalka broadsheet, newspaper publishing in Somalia is likely to experience a resurgence if the National Somali Printing Press is re-opened and the sector is given adequate public support. | Advertisers switched from print ads to what to reach more customers? | {
"text": [
"radio and online commercials"
],
"answer_start": [
454
]
} |
56e1c348cd28a01900c67b40 | Communications_in_Somalia | In the early 2000s, print media in Somalia reached a peak in activity. Around 50 newspapers were published in Mogadishu alone during this period, including Qaran, Mogadishu Times, Sana'a, Shabelle Press, Ayaamaha, Mandeeq, Sky Sport, Goal, The Nation, Dalka, Panorama, Aayaha Nolosha, Codka Xuriyada and Xidigta Maanta. In 2003, as new free electronic media outlets started to proliferate, advertisers increasingly began switching over from print ads to radio and on-line commercials in order to reach more customers. A number of the broadsheets in circulation subsequently closed down operations, as they were no longer able to cover printing costs in the face of the electronic revolution. In 2012, the political Xog Doon and Xog Ogaal and Horyaal Sports were reportedly the last remaining newspapers printed in the capital. According to Issa Farah, a former editor with the Dalka broadsheet, newspaper publishing in Somalia is likely to experience a resurgence if the National Somali Printing Press is re-opened and the sector is given adequate public support. | Whos is a former editor with The Delka Broadsheet? | {
"text": [
"Issa Farah"
],
"answer_start": [
839
]
} |
56e1c422cd28a01900c67b51 | Communications_in_Somalia | According to the Centre for Law and Democracy (CLD) and the African Union/United Nations Information Support Team (IST), Somalia did not have_got systemic internet blocking or filtering as of December 2012. The application of content standards online was also unclear. | What is the IST? | {
"text": [
"Information Support Team"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
} |
56e1c422cd28a01900c67b52 | Communications_in_Somalia | According to the Centre for Law and Democracy (CLD) and the African Union/United Nations Information Support Team (IST), Somalia did not have_got systemic internet blocking or filtering as of December 2012. The application of content standards online was also unclear. | As of December 2012, Somalia did not have systematic what? | {
"text": [
"internet blocking or filtering"
],
"answer_start": [
151
]
} |
56e1c422cd28a01900c67b53 | Communications_in_Somalia | According to the Centre for Law and Democracy (CLD) and the African Union/United Nations Information Support Team (IST), Somalia did not have_got systemic internet blocking or filtering as of December 2012. The application of content standards online was also unclear. | What internet standards were also unlear as of December, 2012? | {
"text": [
"content standards online"
],
"answer_start": [
222
]
} |
56e1c51ccd28a01900c67b58 | Communications_in_Somalia | Somalia established its first ISP in 1999, one of the last countries in Africa to acquire connected to the Internet. According to the telecommunications resource Balancing Act, growth in internet connectivity has since then grown considerably, with around 53% of the entire nation covered as of 2009. Both internet commerce and telephony have consequently become among the quickest growing local businesses. | What years was the first ISP established in Somalia? | {
"text": [
"1999"
],
"answer_start": [
37
]
} |
56e1c51ccd28a01900c67b59 | Communications_in_Somalia | Somalia established its first ISP in 1999, one of the last countries in Africa to acquire connected to the Internet. According to the telecommunications resource Balancing Act, growth in internet connectivity has since then grown considerably, with around 53% of the entire nation covered as of 2009. Both internet commerce and telephony have consequently become among the quickest growing local businesses. | Somalia was one of the last countries on what continent to get connected tothe internet? | {
"text": [
"Africa"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} |
56e1c51ccd28a01900c67b5a | Communications_in_Somalia | Somalia established its first ISP in 1999, one of the last countries in Africa to acquire connected to the Internet. According to the telecommunications resource Balancing Act, growth in internet connectivity has since then grown considerably, with around 53% of the entire nation covered as of 2009. Both internet commerce and telephony have consequently become among the quickest growing local businesses. | In 2009, what percent of Somalia has internet coverage? | {
"text": [
"53%"
],
"answer_start": [
252
]
} |
56e1c51ccd28a01900c67b5b | Communications_in_Somalia | Somalia established its first ISP in 1999, one of the last countries in Africa to acquire connected to the Internet. According to the telecommunications resource Balancing Act, growth in internet connectivity has since then grown considerably, with around 53% of the entire nation covered as of 2009. Both internet commerce and telephony have consequently become among the quickest growing local businesses. | The quickest growing local businesses in Somalia are what types of businesses? | {
"text": [
"internet commerce and telephony"
],
"answer_start": [
302
]
} |
56e1c5f1cd28a01900c67b60 | Communications_in_Somalia | According to the Somali Economic Forum, the number of internet users in Somalia rose from only 200 in the year 2000 to 106,000 users in 2011, with the percentage continuing to rise. The number of mobile subscribers is similarly expected to lift from 512,682 in 2008 to around 6.1 million by 2015. | What was the numbe rof Somali internet users in the year 2000? | {
"text": [
"200"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
} |
56e1c5f1cd28a01900c67b61 | Communications_in_Somalia | According to the Somali Economic Forum, the number of internet users in Somalia rose from only 200 in the year 2000 to 106,000 users in 2011, with the percentage continuing to rise. The number of mobile subscribers is similarly expected to lift from 512,682 in 2008 to around 6.1 million by 2015. | What was the number of internet users in the year 2011? | {
"text": [
"106,000"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} |
56e1c5f1cd28a01900c67b62 | Communications_in_Somalia | According to the Somali Economic Forum, the number of internet users in Somalia rose from only 200 in the year 2000 to 106,000 users in 2011, with the percentage continuing to rise. The number of mobile subscribers is similarly expected to lift from 512,682 in 2008 to around 6.1 million by 2015. | Goes the number of internet users in Somalia continue to rise or fall? | {
"text": [
"rise"
],
"answer_start": [
176
]
} |
56e1c5f1cd28a01900c67b63 | Communications_in_Somalia | According to the Somali Economic Forum, the number of internet users in Somalia rose from only 200 in the year 2000 to 106,000 users in 2011, with the percentage continuing to rise. The number of mobile subscribers is similarly expected to lift from 512,682 in 2008 to around 6.1 million by 2015. | What was the number of mobile subscribers in Somalia in 2008? | {
"text": [
"512,682"
],
"answer_start": [
250
]
} |
56e1c5f1cd28a01900c67b64 | Communications_in_Somalia | According to the Somali Economic Forum, the number of internet users in Somalia rose from only 200 in the year 2000 to 106,000 users in 2011, with the percentage continuing to rise. The number of mobile subscribers is similarly expected to lift from 512,682 in 2008 to around 6.1 million by 2015. | What is the estimated number of mobile subscribers in Somalia in 2015? | {
"text": [
"6.1 million"
],
"answer_start": [
276
]
} |
56e1c6d5cd28a01900c67b6a | Communications_in_Somalia | The Somali Telecommunication Association (STA), a watchdog organization that oversees the policy development and regulatory framework of Somalia's ICT sector, reported in 2006 that there were over half a million users of internet services within the territory. There were also 22 established ISPs and 234 cyber cafes, with an one-year growth rate of 15.6%. | What is the STA? | {
"text": [
"Somali Telecommunication Association"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
56e1c6d5cd28a01900c67b6b | Communications_in_Somalia | The Somali Telecommunication Association (STA), a watchdog organization that oversees the policy development and regulatory framework of Somalia's ICT sector, reported in 2006 that there were over half a million users of internet services within the territory. There were also 22 established ISPs and 234 cyber cafes, with an one-year growth rate of 15.6%. | What sector does the STC oversee? | {
"text": [
"ICT sector"
],
"answer_start": [
147
]
} |
56e1c6d5cd28a01900c67b6c | Communications_in_Somalia | The Somali Telecommunication Association (STA), a watchdog organization that oversees the policy development and regulatory framework of Somalia's ICT sector, reported in 2006 that there were over half a million users of internet services within the territory. There were also 22 established ISPs and 234 cyber cafes, with an one-year growth rate of 15.6%. | In 2006, who reported that there were over half a million internet users within the territory? | {
"text": [
"STA"
],
"answer_start": [
42
]
} |
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