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NaturalQuestionsShort | <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Little House on the Prairie </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Also known as </Th> <Td> Little House : A New Beginning </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Western Drama </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Based on </Th> <Td> Little House on the Prairie by Laura Ingalls Wilder </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Developed by </Th> <Td> Blanche Hanalis </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> William F. Claxton </Li> <Li> Maury Dexter </Li> <Li> Victor French </Li> <Li> Michael Landon </Li> <Li> Leo Penn </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Starring </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Michael Landon </Li> <Li> Melissa Gilbert </Li> <Li> Karen Grassle </Li> <Li> Melissa Sue Anderson </Li> <Li> Lindsay and Sidney Greenbush </Li> <Li> Matthew Labyorteaux </Li> <Li> Richard Bull </Li> <Li> Katherine `` Scottie '' MacGregor </Li> <Li> Alison Arngrim </Li> <Li> Jonathan Gilbert </Li> <Li> Kevin Hagen </Li> <Li> Dabbs Greer </Li> <Li> Victor French </Li> <Li> Merlin Olsen </Li> <Li> Kyle Richards </Li> <Li> Dean Butler </Li> <Li> Linwood Boomer </Li> <Li> Shannen Doherty </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Theme music composer </Th> <Td> David Rose </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Composer ( s ) </Th> <Td> David Rose </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country of origin </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original language ( s ) </Th> <Td> English </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No. of seasons </Th> <Td> 9 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No. of episodes </Th> <Td> 204 ( + 4 specials ) ( list of episodes ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Production </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Executive producer ( s ) </Th> <Td> Michael Landon Ed Friendly </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Producer ( s ) </Th> <Td> John Hawkins William F. Claxton </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Running time </Th> <Td> 48 - 49 minutes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Production company ( s ) </Th> <Td> Ed Friendly Productions NBC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Distributor </Th> <Td> Worldvision Enterprises CBS Television Distribution ( USA ) NBCUniversal International Television Distribution ( non-USA and Cozi airings ) MGM Worldwide Television Distribution ( non-USA airings ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Release </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original network </Th> <Td> NBC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Picture format </Th> <Td> NTSC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Audio format </Th> <Td> Monaural </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original release </Th> <Td> September 11 , 1974 ( 1974 - 09 - 11 ) -- March 21 , 1983 ( 1983 - 03 - 21 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Preceded by </Th> <Td> Little House on the Prairie ( film ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Followed by </Th> <Td> Little House on the Prairie : A Look Back to Yesterday </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Related shows </Th> <Td> Father Murphy </Td> </Tr> </Table> | {
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NaturalQuestionsShort | <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Lyndon B. Johnson </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Lyndon B. Johnson in March 1964 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> 36th President of the United States </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> In office November 22 , 1963 -- January 20 , 1969 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Vice President </Th> <Td> None ( 1963 -- 1965 ) Hubert Humphrey ( 1965 -- 1969 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Preceded by </Th> <Td> John F. Kennedy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Succeeded by </Th> <Td> Richard Nixon </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> 37th Vice President of the United States </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> In office January 20 , 1961 -- November 22 , 1963 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> President </Th> <Td> John F. Kennedy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Preceded by </Th> <Td> Richard Nixon </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Succeeded by </Th> <Td> Hubert Humphrey </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> United States Senator from Texas </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> In office January 3 , 1949 -- January 3 , 1961 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Preceded by </Th> <Td> W. Lee O'Daniel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Succeeded by </Th> <Td> William A. Blakley </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Senate Majority Leader </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> In office January 3 , 1955 -- January 3 , 1961 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Deputy </Th> <Td> Earle C. Clements Mike Mansfield </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Preceded by </Th> <Td> William F. Knowland </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Succeeded by </Th> <Td> Mike Mansfield </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Senate Minority Leader </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> In office January 3 , 1953 -- January 3 , 1955 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Deputy </Th> <Td> Earle C. Clements </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Preceded by </Th> <Td> Styles Bridges </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Succeeded by </Th> <Td> William F. Knowland </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Senate Majority Whip </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> In office January 3 , 1951 -- January 3 , 1953 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Leader </Th> <Td> Ernest McFarland </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Preceded by </Th> <Td> Francis J. Myers </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Succeeded by </Th> <Td> Leverett Saltonstall </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas 's 10th district </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> In office April 10 , 1937 -- January 3 , 1949 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Preceded by </Th> <Td> James P. Buchanan </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Succeeded by </Th> <Td> Homer Thornberry </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Personal details </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Lyndon Baines Johnson ( 1908 - 08 - 27 ) August 27 , 1908 Stonewall , Texas , U.S. </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> January 22 , 1973 ( 1973 - 01 - 22 ) ( aged 64 ) Stonewall , Texas , U.S. </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Resting place </Th> <Td> Johnson Family Cemetery </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Political party </Th> <Td> Democratic </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Spouse ( s ) </Th> <Td> Lady Bird Taylor ( m . 1934 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Children </Th> <Td> Lynda Luci </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Education </Th> <Td> Texas State University ( BA ) Georgetown University </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Civilian awards </Th> <Td> Presidential Medal of Freedom ( Posthumous ; 1980 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Signature </Th> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Military service </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Allegiance </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Service / branch </Th> <Td> United States Navy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Years of service </Th> <Td> 1940 -- 1941 ( Inactive ) 1941 -- 1942 ( Active ) 1942 -- 1964 ( Reserve ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Rank </Th> <Td> Commander </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Unit </Th> <Td> U.S. Naval Reserve </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Battles / wars </Th> <Td> World War II Salamaua - Lae campaign </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Military awards </Th> <Td> Silver Star </Td> </Tr> </Table> | {
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691,
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1306,
1312,
1317,
1323,
1326,
1335,
1340,
1350,
1356,
1362,
1367,
1372,
1381,
1384,
1390,
1395,
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1406,
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1421,
1427,
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1482,
1488,
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1526,
1533,
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1870,
1874,
1887,
1890,
1897,
1905,
1907,
1909,
1914,
1917,
1925,
1927,
1929,
1934,
1940,
1946,
1951,
1956,
1963,
1969,
1974,
1981,
1991,
1997,
2003,
2008,
2013,
2022,
2025,
2031,
2036,
2044,
2047,
2053,
2059,
2065,
2070,
2075,
2085,
2088,
2094,
2099,
2108,
2120,
2126,
2132,
2137,
2141,
2154,
2161,
2164,
2168,
2173,
2179,
2182,
2198,
2203,
2209,
2212,
2217,
2226,
2232,
2238,
2243,
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2263,
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2603,
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2618,
2620,
2626,
2628,
2633,
2639,
2645,
2650,
2655,
2661,
2666,
2674,
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2679,
2684,
2686,
2691,
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2696,
2698,
2701,
2703,
2705,
2710,
2713,
2715,
2725,
2727,
2733,
2735,
2740,
2746,
2752,
2757,
2762,
2770,
2776,
2782,
2787,
2795,
2802,
2811,
2817,
2823,
2828,
2833,
2843,
2849,
2855,
2860,
2871,
2877,
2883,
2888,
2893,
2900,
2902,
2904,
2906,
2912,
2917,
2922,
2927,
2934,
2936,
2938,
2940,
2945,
2947,
2953,
2959,
2964,
2969,
2978,
2984,
2989,
2995,
3000,
3006,
3012,
3017,
3022,
3032,
3038,
3043,
3049,
3055,
3066,
3068,
3071,
3073,
3084,
3095,
3101,
3107,
3112,
3117,
3126,
3133,
3139,
3144,
3157,
3163,
3166,
3174,
3176,
3187,
3189,
3194,
3196,
3202,
3208,
3213,
3218,
3228,
3234,
3239,
3245,
3251,
3256,
3260,
3273,
3282,
3290,
3296,
3302,
3307,
3312,
3323,
3329,
3334,
3341,
3348,
3354,
3360,
3365,
3370,
3378,
3380,
3387,
3393,
3398,
3405,
3412,
3417,
3423,
3429,
3434,
3439,
3445,
3448,
3456,
3462,
3467,
3472,
3475,
3480,
3482,
3491,
3493,
3498,
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NaturalQuestionsShort | <P> In 1956 , Paramount Pictures purchased the United States film rights , intending to produce an English - language version with Audrey Hepburn as Maria . The studio eventually dropped its option , but one of its directors , Vincent J. Donehue , proposed the story as a stage musical for Mary Martin . Producers Richard Halliday and Leland Heyward secured the rights and hired playwrights Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse , who had won the Pulitzer Prize for State of the Union . They approached Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II to compose one song for the musical , but the composers felt the two styles -- traditional Austrian folk songs and their composition -- would not work together . They offered to write a complete new score for the entire production if the producers were willing to wait while they completed work on Flower Drum Song . The producers quickly responded that they would wait as long as necessary . The Sound of Music stage musical opened on November 16 , 1959 at the Lunt - Fontanne Theatre in New York City and ran on Broadway for 1,443 performances , winning six Tony Awards , including Best Musical . In June 1960 , Twentieth Century Fox purchased the film adaptation rights to the stage musical for $1.25 million ( equivalent to $10,300,000 in 2017 ) against ten percent of the gross . </P> | {
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NaturalQuestionsShort | <P> Johannes Rebmann ( January 16 , 1820 -- October 4 , 1876 ) was a German missionary and explorer credited with feats including being the first European , along with his colleague Johann Ludwig Krapf , to enter Africa from the Indian Ocean coast . In addition , he was the first European to find Kilimanjaro . News of Rebmann 's discovery was published in the Church Missionary Intelligencer in May 1849 , but disregarded as mere fantasy for the next twelve years . The Geographical Society of London held that snow could not possibly occur let alone persist in such latitudes and considered the report to be the hallucination of a malaria - stricken missionary . It was only in 1861 that researchers began their efforts to measure Kilimanjaro . Expeditions to Tanzania between 1861 and 1865 , led by the German Baron Karl Klaus von der Decken , confirmed Rebmann 's report . Together with his colleague Johann Ludwig Krapf he also discovered Mt . Kenya . Their work there is also thought to have had effects on future African expeditions by Europeans , including the exploits of Sir Richard Burton , John Hanning Speke , and David Livingstone . After losing most of his eyesight and entering into a brief marriage , he died of pneumonia . </P> | {
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] |
NaturalQuestionsShort | <Table> <Tr> <Th> Sr . </Th> <Th> NH No . </Th> <Th> Route </Th> <Th> Length ( km . ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 31 </Td> <Td> W.B. Border - Gouripur - North Salmara - Bijni - Nalbari - Rangia - Charali Amingaon ( NH - 37 ) </Td> <Td> 307.75 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 31B </Td> <Td> North Salmara - Abhayapuri - Jogighopa ( NH - 37 ) </Td> <Td> 19.66 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 31C </Td> <Td> W.B. Border - Kochugaon - Sidli - Bijni ( NH - 31 ) </Td> <Td> 93 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 36 </Td> <Td> Nagaon - Dabaka - Amlakhi - Nagaland Border </Td> <Td> 154.2 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> 37 </Td> <Td> Goalpara ( NH - 31B ) - Paikan - Boko - Guwahati - Sonapur - Raha - Bokaghat - Numaligarh - Jorhat - Jhanzi - <P> Morahat - Dibrugarh - Makum - Saikhoghat - Arunachal Pradesh Border </P> </Td> <Td> 685.33 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 </Td> <Td> 37A </Td> <Td> Kuwari Tal ( NH - 37 ) -- Tezpur ( NH. - 52 ) </Td> <Td> 23.1 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 </Td> <Td> 38 </Td> <Td> Makum - Ledo - Likhapani </Td> <Td> 56.35 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 </Td> <Td> 39 </Td> <Td> Numaligarh - Garampani - Naojan - Bokajan - Nagaland Border </Td> <Td> 106.78 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 </Td> <Td> 44 </Td> <Td> Meghalaya Border - Badarpur - Karimganj - Patharkandi - Tripura Border </Td> <Td> 110.77 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 </Td> <Td> 51 </Td> <Td> Paikan - Meghalaya Border </Td> <Td> 21.87 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 </Td> <Td> 52 </Td> <Td> Baihata Charali - Mangaldai - Dhekiajuli - Tezpur - Gohpur - Bander Dewa - North Lakhimpur - Dhemaji - Kulajan - Arunachal Pradesh Border Arunachal Pradesh border - near Saikhoaghat ( NH - 31 ) </Td> <Td> 540.76 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 </Td> <Td> 52A </Td> <Td> Gohpur - Arunachal Pradesh Border Arunachal Pradesh border - Bander Dewa </Td> <Td> 9.23 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> 52B </Td> <Td> Kulajan - Dibrugarh - Arunachal Pradesh border </Td> <Td> 79.32 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 14 </Td> <Td> 53 </Td> <Td> Badarpur ( NH - 44 ) - Silchar - Lakhipur - Manipur Border </Td> <Td> 73.55 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 </Td> <Td> 54 </Td> <Td> Dabaka - Lumding - Langting - Haflong - Silchar - Dwarband - Mizoram Border </Td> <Td> 321.37 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 </Td> <Td> 61 </Td> <Td> Jhanzi - Amguri - Nagaland border </Td> <Td> 17.51 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 </Td> <Td> 62 </Td> <Td> Damara - Meghalaya Border </Td> <Td> 8.60 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 18 </Td> <Td> 151 </Td> <Td> Karimganj - Bangladesh Border </Td> <Td> 14.06 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 19 </Td> <Td> 152 </Td> <Td> Patacharkuchi - Hajua - Bhutan Border </Td> <Td> 38 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 20 </Td> <Td> 153 </Td> <Td> Ledo - Likhapani - Arunachal Pradesh Border </Td> <Td> 23.7 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 21 </Td> <Td> 154 </Td> <Td> Dhaleshwar ( Badarpur ) - Bhairabhi - Mizoram Border </Td> <Td> 88.23 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 22 </Td> <Td> 315A New </Td> <Td> Arunachal Pradesh Border - Nahorkatia - Tinsukia ( NH - 37 ) </Td> <Td> 64.22 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 23 </Td> <Td> 127B New </Td> <Td> Srimrampur -- Dhuburi - Meghalaya border </Td> <Td> 74 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 24 </Td> <Td> 127C New </Td> <Td> Shyamthai - Hithijhar State PWD road statarting from NH - 27 in Chirang District , Assam and meeting at Galegphu in Bhutan . </Td> <Td> 40 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 25 </Td> <Td> 127D New </Td> <Td> Rangiya - Darrangamela State PWD road starting from NH - 27 in the district of Kamrup , Assam and meeting at Samdrupjunjkhar in Bhutan . </Td> <Td> 48.6 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 26 </Td> <Td> 627 New </Td> <Td> Nelle ( Amsoi Gate ) - NH - 27 connecting Rajagaon , Doyangmukh , Umrangso , Khobak and terminating at NH - 27 near Harangajao in the State of Assam </Td> <Td> 244 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 27 </Td> <Td> 427 New </Td> <Td> Howli on NH - 27 - Barpeta - Hajo - Jalukbari on NH 27 </Td> <Td> 108 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 28 </Td> <Td> 329 New </Td> <Td> NH - 29 near Manja connecting Diphu and terminating at its junction with new NH No. 27 near Lumding </Td> <Td> 54.6 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 29 </Td> <Td> 117A </Td> <Td> NH - 17 near Bilasipara connecting Kokrajhar and terminating at its junction with New NH - 27 near Garubhasa in the State of | {
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"154.2",
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"37",
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"<Td>",
"685.33",
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"37A",
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"--",
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")",
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"<Td>",
"23.1",
"</Td>",
"</Tr>",
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"7",
"</Td>",
"<Td>",
"38",
"</Td>",
"<Td>",
"Makum",
"-",
"Ledo",
"-",
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"<Td>",
"56.35",
"</Td>",
"</Tr>",
"<Tr>",
"<Td>",
"8",
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"<Td>",
"39",
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"-",
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"-",
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"<Td>",
"106.78",
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"<Tr>",
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"<Td>",
"44",
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"110.77",
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"51",
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"<Td>",
"21.87",
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"<Td>",
"540.76",
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"<Td>",
"12",
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"<Td>",
"52A",
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"-",
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"<Td>",
"9.23",
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"52B",
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"-",
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"<Td>",
"79.32",
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"<Tr>",
"<Td>",
"14",
"</Td>",
"<Td>",
"53",
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"44",
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"-",
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"<Td>",
"73.55",
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"<Td>",
"15",
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"<Td>",
"54",
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"-",
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"-",
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"<Td>",
"321.37",
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"<Td>",
"16",
"</Td>",
"<Td>",
"61",
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"<Td>",
"Jhanzi",
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"Amguri",
"-",
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"</Td>",
"<Td>",
"17.51",
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"17",
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"<Td>",
"62",
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"<Td>",
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"</Td>",
"<Td>",
"8.60",
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"<Tr>",
"<Td>",
"18",
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"<Td>",
"151",
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"<Td>",
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"<Td>",
"14.06",
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"19",
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"152",
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"<Td>",
"38",
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"20",
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"64.22",
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"<Td>",
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82,
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92,
98,
103,
108,
114,
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128,
133,
138,
145,
147,
156,
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164,
172,
174,
180,
182,
190,
192,
199,
201,
209,
218,
220,
223,
225,
228,
230,
236,
241,
248,
254,
260,
265,
270,
276,
281,
285,
291,
296,
302,
310,
312,
323,
325,
335,
337,
340,
342,
345,
347,
353,
358,
364,
370,
376,
381,
386,
392,
397,
401,
407,
412,
417,
424,
426,
436,
438,
444,
446,
452,
454,
457,
459,
462,
464,
470,
475,
478,
484,
490,
495,
500,
506,
511,
514,
520,
525,
532,
534,
541,
543,
551,
553,
562,
569,
575,
580,
586,
592,
598,
603,
608,
610,
616,
621,
624,
630,
635,
644,
646,
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651,
655,
657,
659,
666,
668,
673,
675,
684,
686,
694,
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701,
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714,
725,
727,
734,
736,
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745,
749,
757,
759,
769,
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777,
779,
790,
792,
802,
810,
817,
822,
828,
833,
840,
846,
852,
857,
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864,
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897,
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911,
913,
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923,
925,
929,
931,
934,
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942,
947,
952,
958,
964,
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974,
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982,
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1001,
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1009,
1014,
1016,
1026,
1032,
1037,
1043,
1049,
1055,
1060,
1065,
1067,
1073,
1078,
1081,
1087,
1092,
1103,
1105,
1115,
1117,
1124,
1126,
1134,
1136,
1145,
1152,
1158,
1163,
1170,
1176,
1182,
1187,
1192,
1194,
1200,
1205,
1208,
1214,
1219,
1229,
1236,
1238,
1247,
1249,
1259,
1261,
1273,
1275,
1283,
1290,
1296,
1301,
1308,
1314,
1320,
1325,
1330,
1333,
1339,
1344,
1347,
1353,
1358,
1365,
1367,
1377,
1384,
1390,
1395,
1401,
1407,
1413,
1418,
1423,
1426,
1432,
1437,
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1446,
1451,
1459,
1467,
1469,
1479,
1481,
1492,
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1524,
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1554,
1562,
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1574,
1582,
1589,
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1607,
1614,
1616,
1621,
1633,
1635,
1638,
1640,
1643,
1645,
1651,
1656,
1663,
1669,
1675,
1680,
1685,
1688,
1694,
1699,
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NaturalQuestionsShort | <P> Gold mining in the United States has taken place continually since the discovery of gold at the Reed farm in North Carolina in 1799 . The first documented occurrence of gold was in Virginia in 1782 . Some minor gold production took place in North Carolina as early as 1793 , but created no excitement . The discovery on the Reed farm in 1799 which was identified as gold in 1802 and subsequently mined marked the first commercial production . </P> | {
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NaturalQuestionsShort | <P> Channel 4 is a British public - service television broadcaster that began transmission on 2 November 1982 . Although largely commercially self - funded , it is ultimately publicly owned ; originally a subsidiary of the Independent Broadcasting Authority ( IBA ) , the station is now owned and operated by Channel Four Television Corporation , a public corporation of the Department for Culture , Media & Sport , which was established in 1990 and came into operation in 1993 . With the conversion of the Wenvoe transmitter group in Wales to digital on 31 March 2010 , Channel 4 became a UK - wide TV channel for the first time . </P> | {
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NaturalQuestionsShort | <P> Power of Initiative allows members of the general public to propose specific statutory measures or constitutional reforms to the government and , as with referendums , the vote may be binding or simply advisory . Initiatives may be direct or indirect : With the direct initiative , a successful proposition is placed directly on the ballot to be subject to vote ( as exemplified by California 's system ) . With an indirect initiative , a successful proposition is first presented to the legislature for their consideration ; however , if no acceptable action is taken after a designated period of time , the proposition moves to direct popular vote . Such a form of indirect initiative is utilized by Switzerland for constitutional amendments . </P> | {
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NaturalQuestionsShort | <P> Gary Anthony Williams ( born March 14 , 1966 ) is an American actor and comedian who provided the voice of Uncle Ruckus on The Boondocks , Yancy Westridge in the video game Alpha Protocol , and Horace Warfield in StarCraft II : Wings of Liberty and StarCraft II : Heart of the Swarm . He appeared on the television series Weeds , Boston Legal , Blue Collar TV and as `` Abe '' Kenarban in Malcolm in the Middle . Williams co-founded and is Artistic Director of the L.A. Comedy Shorts film festival in Hollywood , California . He also starred alongside Cedric the Entertainer on the hit TV Land sitcom The Soul Man . </P> | {
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NaturalQuestionsShort | <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Midnight Cowboy </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Theatrical release poster </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Td> John Schlesinger </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Produced by </Th> <Td> Jerome Hellman </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Screenplay by </Th> <Td> Waldo Salt </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Based on </Th> <Td> Midnight Cowboy by James Leo Herlihy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Starring </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Dustin Hoffman </Li> <Li> Jon Voight </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Music by </Th> <Td> John Barry </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Cinematography </Th> <Td> Adam Holender </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Edited by </Th> <Td> Hugh A. Robertson </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Distributed by </Th> <Td> United Artists </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Release date </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> May 25 , 1969 ( 1969 - 05 - 25 ) </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Running time </Th> <Td> 113 minutes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Language </Th> <Td> English </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Budget </Th> <Td> $3.2 million </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Box office </Th> <Td> $44.8 million </Td> </Tr> </Table> | {
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