Datasets:

multilingual-mi-llm
/

pile

Dataset card Data Studio Files Files and versions Community

Split (1)

train · ~136M rows (showing the first 805k)

text stringlengths 0 7.84M	meta dict
Wang Chau housing controversy The Wang Chau housing controversy comprises a series of events related to a housing project in Wang Chau. Initiated in 2012, the housing project aims to develop 17,000 public housing units in three phases. Phase 1 refers to ongoing development of 4,000 units in a "green-belt" site; while phases 2 and 3 refer to the deferred plan to build the rest of the targeted units in the "brownfield" site. The case came under media scrutiny after activist Eddie Chu Hoi-dick raised concerns about potential collusion between the Hong Kong government, businesses and rural landlords in his election campaign. Planning and engineering study In July 2012, Hong Kong Housing Authority commissioned Ove Arup & Partners Hong Kong Limited (Arup) to conduct a study on the feasibility of the Wang Chau Public Housing Development. The Study covered planning, engineering and environmental issues. Results indicated that it was technically feasible to develop 17 000 public housing flats in Wang Chau. Task force and consultation Task force chaired by chief executive The Chief Executive of Hong Kong, Leung Chun-ying set up a task force to discuss issues relating to public housing development at Queen's Hill and Wang Chau. The task force met once on 27 June 2013 to discuss about statutory procedure, consultation, brownfield and environmental protection. The Financial Secretary John Tsang was absent from the meeting. Two rounds of informal consultation before downsizing the plan On 16 July 2013 and 5 September 2013, representatives of the Housing Department and Home Affairs Department carried out two informal consultations with the following rural leaders: Chairman of Ping Shan Rural Committee: Tsang Shu-wo First Vice-chairman of Ping Shan Rural Committee: Tang Tat-sin Chairman of Yuen Long District Council: Leung Che-cheung District Council Member of the concerned constituency: Tang Hing-Ip Special Councillor of Heung Yee Kuk representing Ping Shan: Tang Chi-Keung After being briefed on the proposed development plan of building 17, 000 public housing flats at Wang Chau, the local representatives expressed concerns about the need for infrastructural support, impact on environment and brownfield issues. In early January 2014, the Housing Department proposed to the Secretary for Transport and Housing that the Wang Chau Housing Development be carried out in phases, firstly with Phase 1 (development in green-belt site) and leaving Phases 2 and 3 (development in brown-belt site) to later periods. This proposal was approved by the Secretary, who then reported to the senior levels of the Government. Meeting between three secretaries The Chief Executive chaired a meeting attended by the top government officials - Financial Secretary, Chief Secretary and Secretary for Justice on 27 January 2014. Leung decided to take the Housing Department's recommendation to defer the second and third phases. Consultation after downsizing the plan Two rounds of informal consultation Officials from the Housing Department held two rounds of informal consultations on 12 March 2014 and 17 March 2014 with Yuen Long rural leaders to explain the adjusted target. Secretary for Transport and Housing, Anthony Cheung said "no minutes were taken of the informal consultations and lobbying with local representatives". Formal consultation On 23 May 2014 and 24 June 2014, the Housing Department, in two formal consultations, put forward the Wang Chau public housing development plan to the Ping Shan Rural Committee and the Yuen Long District Council respectively. The proposal included the size of the site for development, number of targeted units, estimated population and other facilities to be constructed. Participants in the meeting on 24 June 2014 included: District Council members and officials from the Yuen Long District Office Engineering and Development Department Education Bureau Police Force Planning Department Welfare department Lands Department Transport Department Housing Department However, the proposal only included the plan to build 4,000 public flats on the green belt site, with no reference to any planned development on the brown belt sites. The participants discussed about the infrastructural works required to meet the demands of the development project, as well as technical amendments to the Ping Shan Outline Zoning Plan. Some District Council members expressed concerns regarding: the potential violation of the principle of presumption against development in green-belt zones; the capacity of the West Rail Line in meeting the increased traffic demand; the "fung shui" of the villages in the vicinity; and the residents' living environment as a result of increased population density. Despite these concerns, some supported the project and opined that it could satisfy the strong housing demand of the public. Support from District Council The Ping Shan Rural Committee members and Yuen Long District Council members agreed with the Wang Chau development plan. Thereafter the District Council passed the development plan on the green belt site, but many councillors criticised the government for not informing them about the plan to develop the brown belt sites. Reluctance towards phases 2 and 3 An internal government document, leaked by Apple Daily, said the Housing Department was "unlikely to proceed" with phases 2 and 3 due to opposition. Eviction of non-indigenous villagers Notice of eviction In September 2015, Land Department issued eviction letters and resettlement booklets to 200 non-indigenous villagers residing in the three villages, Wing Ning Tsuen, Fung Chi Tsuen, and Yeung Uk Sun Tsuen, requiring them to move out before January 2018. On 11 November 2016, a formal eviction notice was placed at the villages' entrances overnight. Frustrated by the eviction notice, dozens of villagers staged a sit-in protest at the entrances to the villages in an attempt to block officials' access into the villages. District Council proceeded to the details of the Housing Department On 21 May 2015, the Yuen Long District Council in a meeting discussed on the proposed infrastructural works from the Civil Engineering and Development Department on public access road for the Wang Chau project. The Discussion Paper only referred to downsized target, the 4000 public housing units. Alleged collusion Plan submitted to the Legislative Council In March 2016, the Development Bureau and the Transport and Housing Bureau submitted the Latest Plan for Public Housing Development at Wang Chau to the LegCo Panel on Development. According to the Plan, the P&E Study estimated that the development at Wang Chau "could produce a total of 17,000 public housing units", and stated that the Housing Authority planned to "first develop the southern portion of the site for about 4,000 public housing units" after considering "the overall development priority and the time required for the clearance of the existing squatters, temporary structures, brownfield operations, etc.". Alleged collusion In July and August 2016, Eddie Chu brought up the Wang Chau issue during his campaign for the LegCo Election 2016. Chu doubted if there was collusion between the Government, landlords, businesses, and triads in the downsizing of the Wang Chau project. Besides, Chu criticized the Government for carrying out informal discussions with rural leaders instead of conducting formal public consultation. Meeting with secretaries and press Meeting between Chu and government officials On 10 September 2016, Leung Chun-ying and Eddie Chu had a phone conversation. According to Chu, he asked Leung to explain why the Government abandoned the public housing project at the brownfield site. Leung replied that he would instruct Secretary for Development Paul Chan Mo-po to look into the case. On 15 September 2016, Paul Chan and Authority Cheung met with Eddie Chu and Edward Yiu Chung-yim, architectural sector lawmaker-elect to exchange views on the Wang Chau development project. Press conference Chief Executive (Leung Chun-ying), Financial Secretary (John Tsang), Secretary for Transport and Housing Bureau (Anthony Cheung), Acting Secretary for Development, Permanent Secretary for Transport and Housing and Deputy Secretary for Development spoke on the Wang Chau housing project after leaked documents revealed the task force chaired by CE had engaged in informal consultations with rural leaders. Informal consultations with rural leader Leung denied any trade-off with rural forces at all, citing parts of the internal document that the 4000 units have always been referred to as "phase one" of the Wang Chau project, out of the targeted 17,000 flats. He made clear that the government sought to tackle the "Easy first and then hard", given that the P&E Study showed phases 2 and 3 required the government to deal with more complicated issues such as the (1) contamination and (2) the handling of brownfield operations. Task force and the "Three Secretaries Meeting" In defence of the task force and "Three Secretaries Meeting", Leung described the Wang Chau housing project as a "very rare opportunity for the government to be able to build large numbers of public housing units", which justified him taking charge of the task force. He added that it was appropriate for him to assist in coordinating work since Financial Secretary was the head of the Steering Committee of Land Supply and oversaw the Development Bureau; while Chief Secretary oversaw the Transport and Housing Bureau. Tsang's involvement in the Wang Chau project Tsang accepted that the Steering Committee had been told to carry out detailed discussions on Queen's Hill and Wang Chau, but denied responsibility for the decision to develop Wang Chau in phases. LegCo's special powers under the Power and Privileges Ordinance (Cap 382) On 18 September 2016, 28 pan-democrats and localists lawmakers-elect signed an open letter addressed to Leung and the development and housing ministers. The letter demanded explanations from the officials and urged them to carry out a public consultation on the Wang Chau project. On 22 September 2016, Eddie Chu suggested that the pan-democrats and localists should seek to invoke the LegCo's special powers under the Powers and Privileges Ordinance (Cap 382) to investigate the Government's decision-making process behind the Wang Chau housing plan. Starry Lee Wai-king, said that she did not find it necessary to invoke the Ordinance, and she would liaise with the Secretary for Transport and Housing to release relevant documents. Government explaining Wang Chau Plan to LegCo On 18 October 2016, the Government submitted a paper to the LegCo Panel on Housing to "provide information on the background and the latest development of the Wang Chau Development, including the considerations and justifications for the Government's decision to take forward the Development in phases." The Government also made public the 2012 Planning and Engineering Study Report. Recent developments LegCo passed a non-binding motion to suspend funding for the Wang Chau project On 22 November 2016, The Legislative Council Development Panel passed a non-binding motion (22-20) to separate the funding for the Wang Chau Development Project from that of other capital works in the HK$12.42-billion capital works reserve fund block allocations for fiscal year 2017-18. Societal views on government's practices Chief executive as the chairman of task force In early September 2016, Leung Chun-ying insisted that he only took a "mediating role" as the chairman of the task force. However, Apple Daily reported that Leung requested the task force to be set up, and the role of the task force would be to "consider" and "iron out" details of the development blueprint, as opposed to Leung's claims that the task force served as a "coordinating body". Edward Yiu Chung-yim, criticized that the functions of the task force overlapped with those of the steering committee of land supply, which made one doubt Leung's intention in manipulating the Wang Chau development project. On the other hand, former Secretary for Housing, Planning and Lands Michael Suen Ming-yeung commented that it was normal for the Chief Executive to set up an interdepartmental task force if he deemed necessary. "Soft lobbying" According to the Anthony Cheung, contacting local representatives through informal channels was "part of the normal procedures in public housing development projects for which no large-scale consultation exercise are conducted". Executive Council member Cheung Chi-kong agreed that soft lobbying is a necessary part of politics, and said that soft lobbying is "just an informal way to find out what can be negotiated". Besides, Tsang Shu-wo said that he was thankful for the Housing Authority's effort in compromising with different stakeholders and taking into account results of consultations. Starry Lee Wai-king, member of the LegCo and chairwoman of the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (DAB), said that soft lobbying was necessary but should not replace formal consultations. On the other hand, former Chief Secretary Anson Chan commented, "it was a bit absurd to convince the public that the government should defer to a rural leader, who is occupying an illegal site where he runs a car park, and instead evict the residents of three villages in the greenbelt area." Similarly, Eddie Chu asserted that soft lobbying meant that villagers affected by the plans were never consulted and that urban planning process needs to be democratised "especially towards the weak and the voiceless". Retaining New World Development's land adjacent to the development area The government was also criticised for colluding with business as Leung did not take back a nearby greenbelt site owned by New World Development (NWD) for the public housing project. In response, Leung denied any transfer of benefits as he did not know NWD owned the adjacent site. References Category:Housing in Hong Kong Category:Planned residential developments Category:Yuen Long District	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Kabataş (Istanbul Metro) Kabataş is an underground station and eastern terminus of the F1 funicular line of the Istanbul Metro. The station is located under Meclis-i Mebusan Avenue in northeastern Beyoğlu. Connections to the T1 tram line, ferry service and city bus service are available on the surface. Kabataş station was opened on 29 June 2006, 28 days after the T1 tram line was extended north from Eminönü to Kabataş. The station has become an important transfer point between ferry and rapid transit. References External Links Metro Istanbul - official site Category:Rail transport in Istanbul Category:Railway stations in Istanbul Province Category:Beyoğlu Category:Funicular railways in Turkey Category:2006 establishments in Turkey	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Q: Make iphone app ipad compatible I have an iPhone/iPod app that I hired a contractor to make. Now I am asking same contractor to support iPad, and the contractor is quoting a ridiculously high price (the BD guy is). I think they know that since they have developed the app, they have some leverage and want to maximize their profit. Some questions: Is adding support for iPad mostly a UI job? Is any coding needed except detecting device type? Looking at their images/ folder, I can see that for every graphic, they have already made a "2x" version which is double in size. Could it be that they have already created the necessary artwork, as I have told them from the start that iPad support will likely follow the iPhone version? If I were to use a different contractor now, as it is likely we will not come to a middle ground since we are so far apart in price, what are the things a different contractor would need to do the port? In particular, I'm wondering if I need to fight to get the raw Photoshop files which contain the graphics, so they can be recreated for iPad, or will going by the eye be good enough? I personally don't mind if the artwork is slightly different. This certainly makes me think twice about using contractors in the future. A: Well here are some answer from my experience: Yes mostly it just about changing the look of your app. But people are expecting a different user experience on the iPad, so not all view should be full screen for instance. No most iPhone code will run fine on the iPad, if you are using stuff like UIImagePickerViewController then you need to change the way it is displayed. NO the @x2 are for retina device NOT for iPad. Source code and design would do I for me. Having the original PSD would be nice, but you can do with out. Just keep in mind that you just can scale up most applications and expect them to become fully excepted by users.	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Effects of intestinal obstruction of plasma water and extracellular fluid volumes in the rat. Total and regional plasma water and extracellular fluid volumes were measured in rats after obstruction of the small intestine. The rats lost 12.6 per cent of their initial weight. The volume of the sequestrated fluid in the obstructed intestine corresponded to 91 per cent of the plasma water volume. Intestinal obstruction caused a 19 per cent reduction of the total plasma water volume, while the total extracellular fluid volume was unchanged. Regional extracellular fluid volumes were diminished in the lung, liver and gastric antrum and increased in omental fat. The results indicate regional differences in fluid space responses to obstruction of the small intestine.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Liking the use of lines from the comics as the names for the powers. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285339#Comment_285339 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285339#Comment_285339Tue, 01 Mar 2011 10:08:31 -0600YoavThe film costs £1.75 on itunes. Well worth it for 15 minute of beautifully told story. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285352#Comment_285352 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285352#Comment_285352Tue, 01 Mar 2011 12:09:32 -0600Foamhead Forever single? Not an Onion Headline:Pope Exonerates Jews For Death of Jesus. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285466#Comment_285466 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285466#Comment_285466Wed, 02 Mar 2011 12:45:25 -0600celan ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285470#Comment_285470 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285470#Comment_285470Wed, 02 Mar 2011 12:59:57 -0600Greasemonkey ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285481#Comment_285481 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285481#Comment_285481Wed, 02 Mar 2011 14:33:22 -0600Val A Lindsay II ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285484#Comment_285484 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285484#Comment_285484Wed, 02 Mar 2011 15:27:36 -0600Soviet Rocket No. 9 ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285486#Comment_285486 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285486#Comment_285486Wed, 02 Mar 2011 15:54:39 -0600RenThingNo such thing. As long as you find it interesting, this is the thread for it. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285492#Comment_285492 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285492#Comment_285492Wed, 02 Mar 2011 17:04:55 -0600Jamie Heron BLDBLOG a while back thanks to Boing-Boing (and now I see that Warren follows it on Twitter, 'cause he knows stuff I don't clearly) and they have an interview with China Mieville up at the moment. China Fucking Mieville, it's like finding out they have an interview with Mike Mignola and getting to see all his beautiful art and listen to his thoughts on architecture, which would be awesome. Oh, wait... ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285502#Comment_285502 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285502#Comment_285502Wed, 02 Mar 2011 19:54:31 -0600GreasemonkeyExcuse me, I'm extremely drunk. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285503#Comment_285503 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285503#Comment_285503Wed, 02 Mar 2011 20:00:06 -0600SobreiroMaybe van-driving cartoon-bear loving middle-age guys with ponytails and mustaches are trying to take that back from perverts. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285518#Comment_285518 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285518#Comment_285518Wed, 02 Mar 2011 23:24:51 -0600RenThingThen they're doing a pretty pisspoor job... ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285521#Comment_285521 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285521#Comment_285521Thu, 03 Mar 2011 01:43:40 -0600Michael NimmoCyborg dogs will be our masters ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285522#Comment_285522 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285522#Comment_285522Thu, 03 Mar 2011 02:29:17 -0600Vornaskotti Dr. Professor's Thesis of Evil Their crowd funding promo, also worth watching. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285528#Comment_285528 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285528#Comment_285528Thu, 03 Mar 2011 03:13:46 -0600WoodThese pictures are being posted all over the place with no credit. The source is here, if you're curious : Save Room (and there is some more) ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285530#Comment_285530 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285530#Comment_285530Thu, 03 Mar 2011 04:03:41 -0600sneak046 Plans afoot to monitor all mobile phone position data in Beijing, in real-time ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285533#Comment_285533 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285533#Comment_285533Thu, 03 Mar 2011 04:44:53 -0600Michael Nimmo Northwestern University acknowledged today that an unusual demonstration was held on campus last week in which students observed a naked woman being penetrated by a sex toy. The woman undressed and got on stage with her male partner, who used a device that looks like a machine-powered saw with a phallic object instead of a blade. Melvoin-Berg said the couple are exhibitionists who enjoy having people watch them have sex, and they were not paid for the demonstration. I am the living embodiment of Underdog. I am an improvisational dancer and choreographer. A few years ago I was diagnosed with Aspergers Syndrome. I am known for my character portrayals, my costumes and for making many appearances on TV and in parades. My first public performance was in 1976 in Philadelphia where I danced Dracula. From there I took up touring on stage and television. In 1980 I began appearing in science fiction conventions and costume sontests and become identified with TV cartoon superhero Underdog. Besides Underdog I am also known for doing Dracula, Supergirl and Catwoman. My self-created characters include Spectrum the Ghost King, Shelley the South Jesrey Mermaid and the Yellow Angel. - Breaking wind during appointments- Telling a patient he had bad breath- Exposing a nurse to X-ray radiation- Making derogatory comments about unemployed patients- Asking patients to show their money before providing treatment- Pushing a nervous teenage patient back into his chair, telling him: "You will sit and let me do it" The tides, when the Moon swung closer, rose so high nobody could hold them back. There were nights when the Moon was full and very, very low, and the tide was so high that the Moon missed a ducking in the sea by a hair's- breadth; well, let's say a few yards anyway. Climb up on the Moon? Of course we did. All you had to do was row out to it in a boat and, when you were underneath, prop a ladder against her and scramble up. The spot where the Moon was lowest, as she went by, was off the Zinc Cliffs. We used to go out with those little rowboats they had in those days, round and flat, made of cork. They held quite a few of us: me, Captain Vhd Vhd, his wife, my deaf cousin, and sometimes little Xlthlx -- she was twelve or so at that time. On those nights the water was very calm, so silvery it looked like mercury, and the fish in it, violet-colored, unable to resist the Moon's attraction, rose to the surface, all of them, and so did the octopuses and the saffron medusas. There was always a flight of tiny creatures -- little crabs, squid, and even some weeds, light and filmy, and coral plants -- that broke from the sea and ended up on the Moon, hanging down from that lime-white ceiling, or else they stayed in midair, a phosphorescent swarm we had to drive off, waving banana leaves at them. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285665#Comment_285665 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285665#Comment_285665Fri, 04 Mar 2011 09:46:27 -0600Val A Lindsay II ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285667#Comment_285667 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285667#Comment_285667Fri, 04 Mar 2011 10:17:37 -0600Foamhead Patton Oswalt - Are You a Zombie, Spaceship, or Wasteland? ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285668#Comment_285668 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285668#Comment_285668Fri, 04 Mar 2011 10:19:40 -0600Alastairrunning away for today ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285677#Comment_285677 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285677#Comment_285677Fri, 04 Mar 2011 11:07:02 -0600RenThingAround the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285700#Comment_285700 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285700#Comment_285700Fri, 04 Mar 2011 14:08:00 -0600Greasemonkey 575 Pound 'Heart Attack Grill' Spokesman, Blair River, Dies At 29 ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285702#Comment_285702 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285702#Comment_285702Fri, 04 Mar 2011 14:43:33 -0600VornaskottiSomebody's Got the Shadowruns ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285851#Comment_285851 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285851#Comment_285851Sun, 06 Mar 2011 00:41:14 -0600BrianMowreyAround the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285852#Comment_285852 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285852#Comment_285852Sun, 06 Mar 2011 00:43:33 -0600BrianMowreyIn 1981 an anthropologist named Gilbert H Herdt released important findings on a mountainous tribe in Papua New Guinea that he called the Sambia. The Sambia male culture is obsessed with masculinity, and in particular with the idea that masculinity and fertility are not inborn in males. They share with other patriarchal cultures a strong taboo of menstruation and other feminine processes. They regard females as frightening contaminants, sort of as formidable viruses whose dangerous sexuality is inborn (a female will exhibit puberty sooner than a male, and with more organs; a female will always end up not-male). Whereas the young male must achieve masculinity (it is possible for a male to end up not sufficiently tough, i.e. not-male). Since potency is not inborn for the male, he needs to acquire it physically, which is to say orally. He does this in addition to enduring physical torments to drive out any feminine taints such as floating menstrual specks that might spoil his tingu, his sexual repository that he is working on activating orally. The young male needs to acquire sperm to activate his tingu, and a lot of it. Like the ancient Chinese did, the Sambia perceive ejaculation into a vagina as draining of a finite life force. While heterosexual intercourse itself, and the siring of multiple children, is a necessary document of achieved manhood, it drains manhood -- thus much effort is put into stocking up the male's sexual core. And so, as a young teenager the male Sambia must give older teenagers head regularly and swallow their semen, because it is the only way to get the element from nature. The penis of other young men is the only source from which potency can be acquired. This is embedded into other rituals of intense masculine/warrior proving and at one point it is expected for the young male to kill the warrior of a rival tribe and also drink his sperm, to steal that rival's man-sauce. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285854#Comment_285854 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285854#Comment_285854Sun, 06 Mar 2011 01:38:56 -0600ian hollowayon a slightly similar, but far less salacious, theme... Between 1887 and 1892, John C.H. Grabill sent 188 photographs to the Library of Congress for copyright protection. Grabill is known as a western photographer, documenting many aspects of frontier life – hunting, mining, western town landscapes and white settlers’ relationships with Native Americans. Most of his work is centered on Deadwood in the late 1880s and 1890s. He is most often sited for his photographs in the aftermath of the Wounded Knee Massacre on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. From the Archive: Frontier Life in the West ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285855#Comment_285855 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=285855#Comment_285855Sun, 06 Mar 2011 02:01:22 -0600RenThing Not content to think the world is going to end come 5/21, some people have decided to get rid of all their worldly possessions, load themselves up into Airstreams, and go spread the good liesword. I love Zoe & Todd is a fantastic musician in the same vein that I heard for the first time that night. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286043#Comment_286043 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286043#Comment_286043Tue, 08 Mar 2011 00:55:24 -0600Michael Nimmo ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286045#Comment_286045 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286045#Comment_286045Tue, 08 Mar 2011 02:07:18 -0600Brendan McGinleyAnd they are marvelous Cripes, when I think of how much money I spent chasing down punk rarities on eBay, little knowing YouTube would put all the sweet matter on a free cloud in a few years... ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286067#Comment_286067 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286067#Comment_286067Tue, 08 Mar 2011 08:30:33 -0600RenThing Someone played the Faeries Aire and Death Waltz...live ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286072#Comment_286072 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286072#Comment_286072Tue, 08 Mar 2011 09:23:36 -0600James Cunningham http://vimeo.com/11386048 Saturn! HD video of a flyby of Saturn stitched together from photographs taken by Cassini, and a test run for a full Imax movie. 2 minutes of awe. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286075#Comment_286075 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286075#Comment_286075Tue, 08 Mar 2011 09:36:02 -0600twentythoughts Jhonen Vasquez on why Invader Zim was cancelled. ... Along with some interesting descriptions of what it's like to make cartoons. "The studio where our offices were served as a kind of showroom for Nickelodeon, not unlike when you go to a natural history museum and you can watch the archeologists and volunteers brush away dirt from fossils from behind a pane of glass or some such similar setup. Remember the section of Hammond’s tour in Jurassic Park, where the tour group is shown the genetic labs where the baby dinos are created, the busy scientists on display for all the visitors to point at or gawk at? That’s what certain days at the studio were like, with the guides walking groups of kids around to watch CARTOONS BEING MADE! Now I dunno if you’ve ever seen animation professionals at their trade, but the last people I’d wanna bring kids to see is some guy trying ever so hard to well up the strength to smile at some tiny strangers through his coffee sweat slickened face, sandwich bits clinging to the beard that wasn’t there yesterday when he got to work but is there now because he hasn’t been home, hasn’t, hasn’t showered or shaved, but is now trying to explain what he does to make the magic happen. Often I’d see such a person dig his fingers into a child’s shoulders and scream at them about how it’s all a sham, how it’s all so horrible and then collapse to the ground, already snoring as the smell from the excrement exploding from their slackened sphincters punches into the tour group’s faces." This is the SANE part of the story. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286076#Comment_286076 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286076#Comment_286076Tue, 08 Mar 2011 10:06:04 -0600Oxbrow I have no idea if this is real. I hope it is. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286078#Comment_286078 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286078#Comment_286078Tue, 08 Mar 2011 10:13:45 -0600groonk@ian holloway: flipping ice cream...like a boss @William George: that Pine Point documentary, an interactive webcomic of the beautiful/sad. @Val A Lindsay II: you have a plan. I bet it has a plan, too. @Fookwit: actually, I just hit on the idea that Sheen sounds more like a Card Carrying Villain spouting a This Is Why You Suck speech @Sobreiro: damn. perfect. damn perfect, space monkey. @Greasemonkey: Gymkata, eh? yes, I knew what it was without looking it up. shame @taphead: strangely calming, that. @twentythoughts: and now I understand why Invader Zim was so mindbendingly awesome. Ok. I've not been able to keep up with this the last two months. maybe this month will be different. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286079#Comment_286079 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286079#Comment_286079Tue, 08 Mar 2011 10:31:37 -0600Karibou ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286080#Comment_286080 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286080#Comment_286080Tue, 08 Mar 2011 10:34:20 -0600groonk Oakley aims to improve 3D glasses ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286501#Comment_286501 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286501#Comment_286501Sat, 12 Mar 2011 00:01:37 -0600Greasemonkey Library of Congress's Grabill Photographic Collection contains 190 photographs from the American Old West, dating from 1890 to about 1892. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286503#Comment_286503 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286503#Comment_286503Sat, 12 Mar 2011 00:23:00 -0600Lazarus99 Here Comes Trouble. Also love that it's a clip from RAGE, back when they used to play decent stuff. As for taking the piss, an even better video for that is Down with the Ship, and for excellent licks, Sonata #3. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286504#Comment_286504 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286504#Comment_286504Sat, 12 Mar 2011 00:25:16 -0600Lazarus99 Earache My Eye, that old classic from Cheech & Chong. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286516#Comment_286516 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286516#Comment_286516Sat, 12 Mar 2011 04:41:59 -0600Foamhead The Best, Worst, and Strangest Cell Phone Towers Disguised as Trees Droll fear of progress aside, this could be rather interesting. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286560#Comment_286560 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286560#Comment_286560Sat, 12 Mar 2011 16:09:25 -0600BettyBoolean Mayan crystal skull believed to have been owned by SS chief Heinrich Himmler discovered in Germany by Greig Box-Turnbull, Daily Mirror 10/03/2011 A MYSTERIOUS crystal skull thought to have belonged to Hitler’s SS chief Heinrich Himmler has been discovered in Germany.The artefact, found resting on a beam beneath the roof of a house in a Bavarian village, has excited treasure hunters.They believe it may be part of a larger trove of bounty once owned by the most sinister man in Nazi Germany.Indications are that it was part of a series worshipped by ancient Mayan cultures in what is now Mexico – where, legend has it, the skulls are vital to stop the world ending next year.Himmler, who oversaw the extermination of Jews, was spellbound by myths and legends until his suicide after being captured by the British.He financed expeditions all over the world by Indiana Jones-type SS men seeking proof of the “supremacy” of Aryan man. The skull, which weighs nearly 20lbs, is of the same design as the death’s head on the uniforms of Himmler’s henchmen.It was found in the home of an old lady once married to a high-ranking SS officer and is now in the hands of Swiss journalist Luc Burgin, who said: “I am 99% sure that this is one of the skulls of the Mayans, but we need clarity and all available tests will be carried out to ascertain authenticity.”It is believed a list of 35 other missing Nazi treasures was found with it.The Mayans shaped 13 crystal skulls, of which nine were coloured and represented the races of men and four were as clear as glass to represent “the beasts that walk, crawl, slide and fly”.They were sent to their places of “birth” until such time when all were needed to avert the catastrophe man would wreak on the planet.The Mayans, gifted astronomers and mathematicians, calculated a date for this “end of days” - the winter solstice, December 21, 2012. Cognitive scientist Deb Roy blew the curve for Flip cam-packing proud pops. Since he and his wife brought their son home from the hospital, Roy has captured his every movement and word with a series of fisheye-lens cameras installed in every room. The purpose was to understand how we learn language. Humans and chimpanzees share more than 97% of DNA, but there are some fairly obvious differences in appearance, behavior and intellect. Now, scientists are learning more than ever about what makes us uniquely human. We know that humans have larger brains and, within the brain, a larger angular gyrus, a region associated with abstract concepts. Also, male chimpanzees have smaller penises than humans, and their penises have spines. Not like porcupine needles or anything, but small pointy projections on the surface that basically make the organ bumpy. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286649#Comment_286649 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286649#Comment_286649Sun, 13 Mar 2011 11:39:27 -0500GreasemonkeyAlso, I totally wish I had a spiny penis. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286652#Comment_286652 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286652#Comment_286652Sun, 13 Mar 2011 12:08:52 -0500Foamhead Bill Maher to Poor People: Stop Thinking Your Interests are the Same as the Rich ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286683#Comment_286683 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286683#Comment_286683Sun, 13 Mar 2011 16:40:52 -0500DC Once upon a time, 2 dogs went to a busy restaurant... ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286689#Comment_286689 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286689#Comment_286689Sun, 13 Mar 2011 17:37:51 -0500Val A Lindsay II ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286700#Comment_286700 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286700#Comment_286700Sun, 13 Mar 2011 19:20:20 -0500mbakuninThis will be the first falling domino. The day will come when the American people can no longer speak with their votes, because Democracy will have been nullified for being too costly and inefficient. Fortunately, our landed masters will learn that the American people can always speak using traditional methods that pre-date the Constitution. See why Brian Wood's DMZ is the closest thing to a book of prophecy being published today....? ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286741#Comment_286741 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286741#Comment_286741Mon, 14 Mar 2011 05:46:05 -0500ReverendJoe Someone is setting traps for hipsters in NYC. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286744#Comment_286744 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286744#Comment_286744Mon, 14 Mar 2011 06:03:22 -0500sebfowler ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286822#Comment_286822 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286822#Comment_286822Mon, 14 Mar 2011 12:43:45 -0500Foamhead Stephen King sticks up for unions ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286835#Comment_286835 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=286835#Comment_286835Mon, 14 Mar 2011 13:47:11 -0500icelandbobSimple story - small kid starts approaching larger kid (who apparently had been constantly bullied by a group of kids for a long time) and starts to punch and push him. Larger kid doesn't take it anymore and.... well see for yourself... Ark Music Factory, the people behind the video, is a LA-based company ran by Patrice Wilson and Clarence Jay. They cater to wealthy parents with adolescent daughters (aged 13 to 17) who want to be pop stars. In their casting calls, they seek out young talent with no original material and produce auto-tuned music along with an accompanying video. Many of their videos (see City Sound Inertia for examples) are as laughably bad as Black’s, but not nearly as popular and it's actually a cover of an obscure Bob Dylan Song ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287104#Comment_287104 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287104#Comment_287104Wed, 16 Mar 2011 14:47:26 -0500Soviet Rocket No. 9It was nice knowing you. Sorry to see you go, but just know that the hits outweigh the misses. Nathan ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287110#Comment_287110 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287110#Comment_287110Wed, 16 Mar 2011 15:53:56 -0500Foamhead A Is For Atom (1952) ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287111#Comment_287111 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287111#Comment_287111Wed, 16 Mar 2011 16:09:03 -0500icelandbobAdam Curtis has posted a documentary he made for the BBC about the history of Atomic Science, energy and politics on his blog. It's well worth a watch... ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287112#Comment_287112 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287112#Comment_287112Wed, 16 Mar 2011 16:11:44 -0500FoamheadYup, seen it, thanks. Anything Adam Curtis is always worth hunting down/watching. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287113#Comment_287113 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287113#Comment_287113Wed, 16 Mar 2011 16:15:22 -0500DCAll Republicans on the House Energy and Commerce Committee voted against an amendment that states that global warming exists, regardless of cause. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287121#Comment_287121 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287121#Comment_287121Wed, 16 Mar 2011 16:48:10 -0500Purple WyrmRebecca Black - Friday - Slowed Down x5 It has emerged that the video, uploaded by YouTube user BITcrash44, is part of a very clever marketing campaign for a new movie named “Limitless”, starring Bradley Cooper (The Hangover) and Robert Di Nero which will be released on March 18. this is old but I just learned about it ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287231#Comment_287231 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287231#Comment_287231Thu, 17 Mar 2011 16:59:45 -0500Foamhead Do-it-yourself quantum spooky action How cool would it be not just to read about the craziness of quantum mechanics, but to see it—even better, do it—for yourself? Several years ago I asked virtuoso experimental physicist Paul Kwiat whether he could develop a simple demonstration anyone could do at home, and he and his undergraduate student Rachel Killmer came up with a "quantum eraser". This week I got to see another big step toward the era of quantum homebrewers. Tucked away in a booth in the exhibit tent at the German Physical Society conference, Munich-based start-up company qutools showed off the world's cheapest kit for seeing quantum entanglement: spooky action at a distance. While researching for this article I came across a searing indictment by Clarke on the American capitalist system. After observing that the structure of American society may be unfitted for the effort that the conquest of space demands he continued, "No nation can afford to divert its ablest men into essentially non-creative and occasionally parasitic occupations such as law, insurance and banking". He also referred to a photograph in Life Magazine showing 7,000 engineers massed behind a new model car they had produced as ‘a horrifying social document'. He was appalled by the squandering of technical manpower it represented. I have a friend who says that about Britain, and the City of London: he said that, "If Britain were like Germany, people who graduated with first class degrees would go to work in engineering firms in places like Bangor; but the [only] way to make money as an employee in Britain is to go and work in the City, in Finance." ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287357#Comment_287357 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287357#Comment_287357Fri, 18 Mar 2011 21:16:02 -0500GreasemonkeyIan Hunter. He did all the wildman rocker shit while the Stones were still in school. Look him up. Cosmonaut pisser ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287388#Comment_287388 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287388#Comment_287388Sat, 19 Mar 2011 13:29:18 -0500GreasemonkeyLance Link, Secret Chimp. Completely awesome kids' show from 1969, featuring an all-chimpanzee cast. Apparently the most expensive TV show ever made in inflation-adjusted terms, due to the high cost of the animal wrangling, extensive sets and multitudinous special props. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287467#Comment_287467 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287467#Comment_287467Sat, 19 Mar 2011 22:11:04 -0500Aurora BorealisNow, I don't really care much for snowboarding but this... this looks like it will be awesome! Death Metal Mario! ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287514#Comment_287514 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287514#Comment_287514Sun, 20 Mar 2011 07:22:44 -0500twentythoughts Eurogamer explains why M.A.S.K. was popular in a game retrospective. Basically, the heroes were pretty much... white trash. "MASK was fairly square, actually. If Optimus Prime and his robo-buddies were the CIA of transforming toys, mysterious and slick, MASK would have been the Coast Guard. (I'm starting to realise why I preferred it now.) MASK was made up of ordinary joes – hicks, for the most part, with names like Dusty Hayes and Hondo MacLean. These were names that might give the impression that you were actually dealing with a weary team of rodeo-clown-themed male prostitutes rather than an elite group of special agent types, protecting the world from menace. Their headquarters was a gas station. A gas station! Their leader had an annoying kid and drove around in a white-trash muscle car – the kind of car my uncle Mike bought during a bad breakup. And the hook for the series, the gimmick that made the whole thing special, was that they solved crime in their overtime. They were everyday losers with regular jobs. They were hobbyist heroes. Temps. They probably trooped over to the local Kelly's Services office every Friday for the free M&S lunch. " ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287515#Comment_287515 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287515#Comment_287515Sun, 20 Mar 2011 07:23:26 -0500twentythoughtsAround the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287517#Comment_287517 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287517#Comment_287517Sun, 20 Mar 2011 07:57:28 -0500Greasemonkey ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287528#Comment_287528 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287528#Comment_287528Sun, 20 Mar 2011 10:25:27 -0500BrianMowrey ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287529#Comment_287529 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287529#Comment_287529Sun, 20 Mar 2011 10:42:11 -0500icelandbobDesigner Oli Beale takes pictures of his mate James from facebook, alters them slightly and then posts them back on facebook. Needless to say his mate doesn't like it... ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287531#Comment_287531 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287531#Comment_287531Sun, 20 Mar 2011 11:29:56 -0500infomancer DeviantArt page that creates cheap paperback novel covers for graphic novel series. These may have shown up here before, because in the comments for the Planetary cover, someone mentions that he should post them here at WC. The artist's reply: Ah, I don't know about that. It'd be a little "HEY! LOOK AT ME!" and people are reposting the redesigns enough that I'm sure it'll find it's way in front of Internet Jesus eventually. So if they haven't been put up here before, it's about time... ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287546#Comment_287546 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287546#Comment_287546Sun, 20 Mar 2011 15:54:19 -0500cardo If you watch Jurassic Park backwards, it’s the heartwarming tale of scientists and dinosaurs working together to build an amusement park. Then the people betray the dinosaurs, putting them in cages and ultimately flying back to Montana to bury any evidence they existed at all. If you watch Leaving Las Vegas backwards, its about Nicolas Cage coming back from the dead and drinking so much alcohol that he becomes healthy again. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287564#Comment_287564 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287564#Comment_287564Sun, 20 Mar 2011 23:57:16 -0500Lazarus99 We've met. Look further back up the thread. That kid is my god... ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287567#Comment_287567 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287567#Comment_287567Mon, 21 Mar 2011 03:00:47 -0500groonk Man builds his own TARDIS shed. And yes. It is slightly bigger on the inside. (I'm saying nothing about that last image and how it might possibly be from someone's dim & distant youth. But, then again, they could all have been pulled from his fevered imaginings, really.) ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287585#Comment_287585 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287585#Comment_287585Mon, 21 Mar 2011 08:00:46 -0500Foamhead ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287587#Comment_287587 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287587#Comment_287587Mon, 21 Mar 2011 08:10:20 -0500FoamheadApocalyptic hyperbole leaves journalism speechless As Japan was violently assaulted, Christchurch crumbled and Queensland drowned, how many times did you hear a journalist say;"there are no words to describe what we are seeing here".Perhaps you heard; "I'm speechless. This just defies description".The ashen-faced reporters are both wrong and right.There most certainly are words to describe the current state of the world, and yet it is true they seem entirely inadequate.That is because journalists and the media they work for have squandered our best words with decades of hyperbole. Cheeky painter Harland Miller creates irreverent reinterpretations of Penguin Classics. The paintings, many of which he compiled in a 2007 Rizzoli book, often prod at a deeper truth about the author or text, or just plain make fun ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287621#Comment_287621 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287621#Comment_287621Mon, 21 Mar 2011 14:49:27 -0500Soviet Rocket No. 9Yes. That new wonder woman is terrible. I feel like Carter's, which granted was no more than a one piece bathing suit, actually looked functuional. While looking at the new one's, just looks like she wandered away from the set of "Wonder Woman: The Latex Fetish Porno". William Shatner - Common People ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287661#Comment_287661 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287661#Comment_287661Tue, 22 Mar 2011 04:36:13 -0500VornaskottiHeh, my blog post about our trip to Chernobyl is listed as one of the sources for the chart. There's quite an interesting influx of hits on my blog. A whole lot of .gov and .mil -addresses, and visitors from all around the world. I especially appreciated the hits from Oak Ridge National Laboratory, from governmental addresses in Syria and Saudi Arabia, a bunch of Chinese sites and certain addresses related to NSA :) ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287666#Comment_287666 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287666#Comment_287666Tue, 22 Mar 2011 06:48:09 -0500lampcommanderAnyway, even if I do feel sorry for her, I can't help laughing my ass off at this: ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287669#Comment_287669 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287669#Comment_287669Tue, 22 Mar 2011 07:45:16 -0500OddcultAround the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287674#Comment_287674 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287674#Comment_287674Tue, 22 Mar 2011 10:20:39 -0500Val A Lindsay II ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287680#Comment_287680 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287680#Comment_287680Tue, 22 Mar 2011 12:12:14 -0500celan It's a small world after all. =) This is probably old news but I'm just now seeing them:Paintings by Tetsuya Ishida ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287682#Comment_287682 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287682#Comment_287682Tue, 22 Mar 2011 12:59:51 -0500Greasemonkey Netflix, the film and television subscription service, has taken a big step into territory dominated by broadcasters and pay-TV operators after entering exclusive talks to buy US rights to a new political series starring Kevin Spacey. Its bid could reach as high as $100m. Each year, dozens of shows on network and cable television get cancelled. Most of these cancellations are for good reason. But every once in a while the hammer comes down on a show that’s considered to be a cult hit — or one that could turn out to be a real hit, if given more time. The problem, of course, is that these shows often don’t have the massive viewership numbers to sell a large amount of advertising against. But that model doesn’t apply to Netflix.While shows that are called “cult hits” are often thought of as mainstream flops, the reality is that they still have millions of people who watch them. And the “cult” aspect implies that a large percentage of those viewers are insanely loyal to the show. Again, that doesn’t mean much to the networks where more is better (for advertising), but for Netflix, if they could convert a significant percentage of those loyalists in to paying customers, it works. Like Warren, I only see these in pictures. Never the real thing... ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287884#Comment_287884 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287884#Comment_287884Thu, 24 Mar 2011 06:57:21 -0500doclivingston ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287886#Comment_287886 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287886#Comment_287886Thu, 24 Mar 2011 07:19:48 -0500taphead ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287912#Comment_287912 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287912#Comment_287912Thu, 24 Mar 2011 10:41:40 -0500Oxbrow There are few works of greater scope or structural genius than the series of fiction pieces by Horatio Bucklesby Ogden, collectively known as The Wire; yet for the most part, this Victorian masterpiece has been forgotten and ignored by scholars and popular culture alike... ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287916#Comment_287916 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287916#Comment_287916Thu, 24 Mar 2011 11:11:19 -0500Greasemonkey ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287943#Comment_287943 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287943#Comment_287943Thu, 24 Mar 2011 15:27:21 -0500celan ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287953#Comment_287953 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287953#Comment_287953Thu, 24 Mar 2011 17:37:57 -0500ian holloway being in the uk i've no idea who that woman is but i absolutely fucking hate her! (apologies to anyone sensitive about swearing but i tried writing it with asterisks and it just didn't accurately convey my feelings) ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287959#Comment_287959 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=287959#Comment_287959Thu, 24 Mar 2011 19:24:42 -0500Foamhead Fringe renewed for a fourth season (expect to see that last one in Transformers 3) ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288135#Comment_288135 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288135#Comment_288135Sat, 26 Mar 2011 09:48:03 -0500Soviet Rocket No. 9 @ian holloway. At one time, she was somewhat funny and interesting. Now, she seems to be drinking from the same Kool-Aid, as the Tea Party. I originally thought it was joke, until I saw the look of crazy in her eyes. Trust me, Florida has a large number of them. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288136#Comment_288136 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288136#Comment_288136Sat, 26 Mar 2011 10:23:29 -0500Brendan McGinleyI hope you're ready for the greatest GIF of 2011: A country has “food sovereignty” when its people consume safe and nutritious food largely grown by their own small farmers. Significantly fewer countries sustain this sovereignty today than a generation ago But his videos are very beautiful. I particularly recommend FILM 1 - here on Vimeo. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288269#Comment_288269 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288269#Comment_288269Sun, 27 Mar 2011 03:40:43 -0500jonah@Fookwit that first image reminded me of a horror comic that scared the shit out of me as a kid. I think it was by Clive Barker. All I remember are the plague masks. Anyone got any ideas? (See what happens when the chronobastards go and deduct an hour from my life.) ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288279#Comment_288279 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288279#Comment_288279Sun, 27 Mar 2011 06:17:46 -0500FoamheadDedicated teacher Leonora Rustamova wrote a book to engage five teenage rebels in her class. But after it went up on a website she was dismissed, a decision that was upheld at a tribunal ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288283#Comment_288283 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288283#Comment_288283Sun, 27 Mar 2011 06:42:14 -0500Soviet Rocket No. 9@ jonah. I don't mean to attack you, just the extremist. But that Clive Barker Story, do you think thats from "The Books of Blood"? ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288285#Comment_288285 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288285#Comment_288285Sun, 27 Mar 2011 07:30:17 -0500FanAround the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288289#Comment_288289 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288289#Comment_288289Sun, 27 Mar 2011 08:17:45 -0500Foamhead maaaaad!". It became so frenzied towards the end of last year that top ranking police and lawyers were exhibited, swearing on their mothers' lives that this wasn't the case and people should feel free to snap merrily away. There've probably been incidents but this idea belongs alongside "Winterval" as a Daily Mail "let's-provoke-a-knee-jerk-outrage-reaction" story. If the-powers-that-be's biggest objection was the story being published online, I'd have thought some kind of legal waiver, signed by the parents, would have been enough to satisfy everyone; particularly as it's going to be published as a book shortly. But you're right. So-called common sense falls victim to "better safe than sorry" absolutism way too often. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288295#Comment_288295 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288295#Comment_288295Sun, 27 Mar 2011 08:44:01 -0500Greasemonkey Australian federal government may ban hundreds of ornamental plants on the grounds that they contain traces of compounds which can be used to manufacture psychoactive drugs. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288296#Comment_288296 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288296#Comment_288296Sun, 27 Mar 2011 08:52:19 -0500Greasemonkey It's the World Penis Size Map! ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288297#Comment_288297 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288297#Comment_288297Sun, 27 Mar 2011 08:54:03 -0500government spyAround the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288300#Comment_288300 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288300#Comment_288300Sun, 27 Mar 2011 09:02:19 -0500GreasemonkeyAround the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288305#Comment_288305 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288305#Comment_288305Sun, 27 Mar 2011 09:17:02 -0500HelljinMy children are just getting into elementary school and the further they get the more I'm getting the feeling the school system is only interested in turning them into cogs for the machine. The problem is with the teachers, the school system and many parents, don't encourage or allow creativity from them in the classroom anymore. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288310#Comment_288310 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288310#Comment_288310Sun, 27 Mar 2011 09:36:48 -0500Greasemonkey ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288318#Comment_288318 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288318#Comment_288318Sun, 27 Mar 2011 10:25:11 -0500RenThingAnn Coulter says stupid shit just to get a rise out of people, usually people on the left. She once called a presidential candidate, in a roundabout fashion, a faggot to a large conference of the opposing party even though the guy is as straight as an arrow. She has said she's jealous of Palin of all people. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288320#Comment_288320 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288320#Comment_288320Sun, 27 Mar 2011 10:31:48 -0500government spy I have a grudge-fuck fantasy involving her. But I am a sick fuck. I would also add the Orbit Gum lady if possible. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288325#Comment_288325 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288325#Comment_288325Sun, 27 Mar 2011 11:10:45 -0500Soviet Rocket No. 9 Alright, I'm done talking about her. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288327#Comment_288327 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288327#Comment_288327Sun, 27 Mar 2011 11:19:55 -0500Miranda's EyesThe "words," who hail from various parts of the world, were encouraged to stay in touch and get to know each other through their electronic or physical communication of choice. To date, this currently ongoing project has 1,875 applicants with 553 already tattooed. The artpiece, which exists only on the Internet, can be accessed here. After reading about the project and seeing a sample video, I idly wondered if Beloved Internet Jesus would be tempted to create a short comic story to be tattooed on the bodies of willing fans. Then again, certain problems came to mind. How many fans would be willing to have a panel of a Warren Ellis story tattooed on their body? How could you ensure that the tattoo artists drawing the individual panels a) would meet Ellis standards of quality and b) would not muck up the panel in execution? For that matter, what if a volunteer wanted a panel that clashed with what Ellis wanted in the script? Would those fans also form communities or would the mercenary urge to exploit their tattooed panel for personal profit assert itself? How would those who just want to read the story do so? Ah well, one can speculate. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288331#Comment_288331 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288331#Comment_288331Sun, 27 Mar 2011 11:32:13 -0500tapheadAround the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288333#Comment_288333 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288333#Comment_288333Sun, 27 Mar 2011 11:36:51 -0500AlastairAround the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288335#Comment_288335 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288335#Comment_288335Sun, 27 Mar 2011 12:35:37 -0500Kradlum Radiation Hormesis. The Taiwanese example she cites was a poorly done study but the workers who were involved in the Windscale fire were studied until they died and I recall they had a lower rate of cancer than the local population, although being a small cohort it's not the sort of evidence that would get me standing near a nasty nuclear source. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288344#Comment_288344 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288344#Comment_288344Sun, 27 Mar 2011 14:52:04 -0500Cat Vincent If you like Ann Coulter hatefucks, you'll love this... ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288348#Comment_288348 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288348#Comment_288348Sun, 27 Mar 2011 15:22:11 -0500Greasemonkey ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288356#Comment_288356 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288356#Comment_288356Sun, 27 Mar 2011 17:05:47 -0500Alan TysonAround the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288357#Comment_288357 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288357#Comment_288357Sun, 27 Mar 2011 17:11:17 -0500GreasemonkeyAround the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288400#Comment_288400 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288400#Comment_288400Mon, 28 Mar 2011 05:07:17 -0500lazarus corporation ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288431#Comment_288431 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288431#Comment_288431Mon, 28 Mar 2011 09:59:14 -0500celanI Did Not Need To See or Hear this: ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288444#Comment_288444 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288444#Comment_288444Mon, 28 Mar 2011 11:28:50 -0500phill_sea Sorry to be pedantic, but it read: dead and was changed to: Not dead. Important difference, as it's mine! ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288453#Comment_288453 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288453#Comment_288453Mon, 28 Mar 2011 12:03:57 -0500Alastairalso: I KNEW IT! ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288485#Comment_288485 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288485#Comment_288485Mon, 28 Mar 2011 14:13:34 -0500Soviet Rocket No. 9Abercrombie is Pushing Push-Up Bikinis For 7-Year Old Girls ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288504#Comment_288504 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288504#Comment_288504Mon, 28 Mar 2011 16:36:18 -0500RedwyndMaybe I'm just damaged, but all I could think was "why on earth are they wasting all that bacon?" ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288514#Comment_288514 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288514#Comment_288514Mon, 28 Mar 2011 19:17:43 -0500celan No, you're on the right track. It is, if you believe some of the commenters, a $263 million waste, which supposedly could have been prevented with $63 million worth of medicine for Hoof and Mouth Disease.Totally disturbing regardless of my feelings about the deliciousness of pork products. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288517#Comment_288517 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288517#Comment_288517Mon, 28 Mar 2011 19:54:05 -0500buhbuhcuhhttp://www.losteyeball.com/index.php/2007/06/19/56-worstbest-analogies-of-high-school-students/ ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288518#Comment_288518 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288518#Comment_288518Mon, 28 Mar 2011 19:56:11 -0500Greasemonkey How not to respond to a reviewer ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288527#Comment_288527 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288527#Comment_288527Mon, 28 Mar 2011 21:55:41 -0500Jay Kay...lolwut. I mean, what the fuck is there to push up on a seven year-old? I've heard in the past that people seem to be going through puberty sooner with each passing generation, but CHRIST, it can't be that soon! ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288528#Comment_288528 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288528#Comment_288528Mon, 28 Mar 2011 22:26:00 -0500BrianMowrey Currently, the World Organisation for Animal Health recognizes countries to be in one of three disease states with regards to FMD: FMD present with or without vaccination, FMD-free with vaccination, and FMD-free without vaccination. Countries that are designated FMD-free without vaccination have the greatest access to export markets, and therefore many developed nations, including Canada, the United States, and the UK, work hard to maintain their current FMD-free without vaccination status. (wikipedia) considering that the US hasn't had an outbreak of the disease since 1929, it's hard to critique the approach. on the other hand the UK had two bad outbreaks last decade with the same status. on a related subject, if you eat pork raised in the US, this shouldn't disturb you. pigs raised in the US as pork wouldn't know the difference if they were buried alive. Here's my new vid - a cover of a song by one of my favourite bands.The track is made live using a guitar, beatbox, voice and an RC-50 loop station.The reverb on the vocals at the end is off a Kaoss Pad which only features at the end for the reverb effect (u can see 2 but that's to do a different track we filmed after!)There's nothing prerecorded or added post recording, it's all live! Police in southern Germany warned this week of a dangerous new form of alcohol abuse among teens – using tampons soaked in vodka to get drunk quickly and hide the smell. The practice poses grave health risks, they said.In early March a 14-year-old girl collapsed during a street festival in Konstanz, apparently highly intoxicated from using a vodka tampon, the paper reported. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288631#Comment_288631 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288631#Comment_288631Wed, 30 Mar 2011 10:42:02 -0500AlastairAround the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288635#Comment_288635 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288635#Comment_288635Wed, 30 Mar 2011 10:58:41 -0500VornaskottiWhen I was working in a hospital, heard some of the nurses talking about encountering a patient like that. Passed out, stomach pumped, but getting more and more drunk, until they noticed a tampon string peeking out of the guy's ass. This was in mid-90's. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288640#Comment_288640 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288640#Comment_288640Wed, 30 Mar 2011 11:34:47 -0500RenThingNo joke. Had to once tell a phone caller on the sex advice hotline I used to volunteer for that the only good thing a wine enema was good for was getting alcohol poisoning super fast. ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288644#Comment_288644 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288644#Comment_288644Wed, 30 Mar 2011 12:04:01 -0500FoamheadSherry enema in this case: Texas: The Brazoria County District Attorney's office has droppped the charge of negligent homicide against a woman who gave her husband a fatal sherry enema (SN reported) citing lack of evidence.The woman, 45-year-old Tammy Jean Warner, gave her husband two large bottles of sherry by enema in 2004. Her husband, 58-year-old Michael Warner, died as a result. His blood-alcohol content was 0.47.Her husband was unable to ingest sherry the conventional way due to a throat condition. According to Tammy Warner he was an enema addict who often used alcohol rectally. She denies causing the death. “Hannah The Drunken Pianist”Cognac is her drink of choice, while silly little love songs are her song of choice. She drinks until the songs become sad, then stops.Handmade diorama box with elaborate gold frame with a double strength glass front. Inside is the life of Hannah, a happy little Taxidermy squirrel, used from recycled parts that have been professionally preserved and were not killed for this piece, rather saved from being discarded. She now lives on forever in her beautiful Victorian decorated living room with her prized piano and her cognac. She has a fireplace to keep her warm, and is dressed in a very sweet vintage dress. The walls are covered in beautiful gold and cream wallpaper. There is a light on the gold ceiling that is easily replaceable (comes with an extra bulb). ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288801#Comment_288801 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288801#Comment_288801Thu, 31 Mar 2011 14:48:06 -0500GreasemonkeyIn 1973, The Who were playing their Quadrophenia show at The Cow Palace in San Francisco when Keith Moon collapsed and passed out behind his drum kit. Turned out Moon had been consuming tranquilisers of the type you load into rifle darts and shoot at animals. Pete Townsend asked the audience if there was anyone who could play the drums - "someone good", and 19-year-old Pete Halpin's buddy pushed him up to the front. Halpin played out the final three songs, becoming the guy with the ultimate bull-session story whenever he went drinking with his mates. So what if you met Mr T at the mall, or Harlan Ellison told you to fuck off, or Arnold Schwarzenegger once signed your t-shirt? Scott Halpin played drums for The Who! ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288830#Comment_288830 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288830#Comment_288830Thu, 31 Mar 2011 21:05:11 -0500TheEndsOfInvention Things to watch in Youtube 1911-lol-o-vision.(Go to the Youtube page and click the lil '1911' button in the bottom right.Note - doesn't work for offical/sponsored vids, only those uploaded by the masses) ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288939#Comment_288939 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288939#Comment_288939Fri, 01 Apr 2011 12:51:07 -0500MrMonk Prop-driven locomotive ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288951#Comment_288951 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=288951#Comment_288951Fri, 01 Apr 2011 13:33:26 -0500TheEndsOfInvention I want one. But in silver. With lasers. And an angsty pubescent girl / cyborg piloting it against waves of aliens in the gigantic future-city in my mind ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=289028#Comment_289028 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=289028#Comment_289028Sat, 02 Apr 2011 01:16:43 -0500Foamhead@ 55secs in - although he might appear again; I just couldn't listen to any more of it.(No, I WAS NOT LISTENING TO MARK TWATTING RONSON FOR PERSONAL PLEASURE, just before anyone asks.) ]]> Around the Net (March 2011)http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=289040#Comment_289040 http://freakangels.com/whitechapel/comments.php?DiscussionID=9594&Focus=289040#Comment_289040Sat, 02 Apr 2011 06:27:39 -0500Foamhead Trees Cocooned in Spider Webs After Flood	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Item Description: Standard educational Corporation. Hardcover. Book Condition: New. UNUSED, BRAND NEW, NOT EX-LIBRARY, 191 pages. This book suggests ways in which parents can help children solve problems while enhancing their feelings of self-worth. Each section of the book attempts to help parents appreciate the developmental hurdles that children must face. book. Bookseller Inventory # 373	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Inverse correlation of cyclosporine binding with sensitivity and resistance. The primary effects of CsA on human lymphocyte responses in vitro appear to be the inhibition of IL-2 production and the inhibition of cytotoxic T cell activation. Induction of suppressor T cell activity is resistant to the effects of CsA. These data imply two distinct subsets of lymphocytes: CsA-resistant and CsA-sensitive. The current studies used a bioactive, dansylated derivative of CsA (dans-CsA), which is fluorescent, to assess binding of CsA at the single-cell level by flow cytometry. The results demonstrate that two populations of cells can be distinguished based on differential staining with dans CsA--a weakly staining subset and a population that binds intensely. Both subsets consist of CD4 (helper) and CD8 (cytotoxic/suppressor) T lymphocytes. Functional analysis revealed that the weakly staining subset consists of IL-2-producing T cells and precursor cytotoxic T lymphocytes. On the other hand, the intensely staining subset includes T cells that suppress in an antigen-specific manner after activation with alloantigen. Further studies showed that the weakly staining subset is markedly sensitive to the immunosuppressive effects of CsA in a PHA stimulation assay, while the intensely binding population is markedly resistant, requiring 10- to 100-fold more CsA to inhibit the PHA response. These studies suggest that sensitivity and resistance to CsA is inversely correlated with binding.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Mais Perto das Estrelas @ Planetario Do Porto ( mapa ) Breve demonstração no interior da cúpula do Planetário digital, onde poderão ver o céu da própria noite. No final da demonstração, se as condições meteorológicas o permitirem, o público deslocar-se-á para o exterior do edifício, onde terá lugar uma observação astronómica com telescópio Unbox - The New Digital School @ Polo Zero (mapa) After a year of rigorous learning, our Design and Development students are graduating, and they are looking to talk about their experience, their projects and their vision of design and tech	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
core: CephFS: Upgrading an MDS cluster to 12.2.3+ will result in all active MDS exiting due to feature incompatibilities once an upgraded MDS comes online (even as standby). Operators may ignore the error messages and continue upgrading/restarting or follow this upgrade sequence: After upgrading the monitors to Mimic, reduce the number of ranks to 1 ( ceph fs set <fs_name> max_mds 1 ), wait for all other MDS to deactivate, leaving the one active MDS, stop all standbys, upgrade the single active MDS, then upgrade/start standbys. Finally, restore the previous max_mds. !! NOTE: see release notes on snapshots in CephFS if you have ever enabled snapshots on your file system. See also: https://tracker.ceph.com/issues/23172 Several ceph mds ... commands have been obsoleted and replaced by equivalent ceph fs ... commands: mds dump -> fs dump -> mds getmap -> fs dump -> mds stop -> mds deactivate -> mds set_max_mds -> fs set max_mds -> mds set -> fs set -> mds cluster_down -> fs set cluster_down true -> mds cluster_up -> fs set cluster_down false -> mds add_data_pool -> fs add_data_pool -> mds remove_data_pool -> fs rm_data_pool -> mds rm_data_pool -> fs rm_data_pool New CephFS file system attributes session_timeout and session_autoclose are configurable via ceph fs set . The MDS config options mds_session_timeout , mds_session_autoclose , and mds_max_file_size are now obsolete. As the multiple MDS feature is now standard, it is now enabled by default. ceph fs set allow_multimds is now deprecated and will be removed in a future release. As the directory fragmentation feature is now standard, it is now enabled by default. ceph fs set allow_dirfrags is now deprecated and will be removed in a future release. MDS daemons now activate and deactivate based on the value of max_mds . Accordingly, ceph mds deactivate has been deprecated as it is now redundant. Taking a CephFS cluster down is now done by setting the down flag which deactivates all MDS. For example: ceph fs set cephfs down true . Preventing standbys from joining as new actives (formerly the now deprecated cluster_down flag) on a file system is now accomplished by setting the joinable flag. This is useful mostly for testing so that a file system may be quickly brought down and deleted. New CephFS file system attributes session_timeout and session_autoclose are configurable via ceph fs set . The MDS config options mds_session_timeout, mds_session_autoclose, and mds_max_file_size are now obsolete. Each mds rank now maintains a table that tracks open files and their ancestor directories. Recovering MDS can quickly get open files’ paths, significantly reducing the time of loading inodes for open files. MDS creates the table automatically if it does not exist. CephFS snapshot is now stable and enabled by default on new filesystems. To enable snapshot on existing filesystems, use the command: ceph fs set < fs_name > allow_new_snaps The on-disk format of snapshot metadata has changed. The old format metadata can not be properly handled in multiple active MDS configuration. To guarantee all snapshot metadata on existing filesystems get updated, perform the sequence of upgrading the MDS cluster strictly. See http://docs.ceph.com/docs/mimic/cephfs/upgrading/ For filesystems that have ever enabled snapshots, the multiple-active MDS feature is disabled by the mimic monitor daemon. This will cause the “restore previous max_mds” step in above URL to fail. To re-enable the feature, either delete all old snapshots or scrub the whole filesystem: ceph daemon <mds of rank 0> scrub_path / force recursive repair ceph daemon <mds of rank 0> scrub_path '~mdsdir' force recursive repair Support has been added in Mimic for quotas in the Linux kernel client as of v4.17. See http://docs.ceph.com/docs/mimic/cephfs/quota/ Many fixes have been made to the MDS metadata balancer which distributes load across MDS. It is expected that the automatic balancing should work well for most use-cases. In Luminous, subtree pinning was advised as a manual workaround for poor balancer behavior. This may no longer be necessary so it is recommended to try experimentally disabling pinning as a form of load balancing to see if the built-in balancer adequately works for you. Please report any poor behavior post-upgrade. NFS-Ganesha is an NFS userspace server that can export shares from multiple file systems, including CephFS. Support for this CephFS client has improved significantly in Mimic. In particular, delegations are now supported through the libcephfs library so that Ganesha may issue delegations to its NFS clients allowing for safe write buffering and coherent read caching. Documentation is also now available: http://docs.ceph.com/docs/mimic/cephfs/nfs/ MDS uptime is now available in the output of the MDS admin socket status command.	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Self-driving cars will push us to rethink how we build cities, say planners - edward http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/toronto/self-driving-cars-will-push-us-to-rethink-how-we-build-cities-say-planners/article27090747/ ====== hackuser If cars are driverless, I'm not sure why people in cities will want to own cars and not just use driverless public transit. Cities could ban private cars and have plenty of road capacity to ensure there is as much availability as people want (especially with the help of intelligent routing). The vehicles could be bus-sized, car sized, and in-between. You just step outside and flag down the nearest one, or summon it via the Internet, and go. There are many possible flaws, of course. Could everyone afford it? Supply likely would adjust to demand, and availability would dwindle to barely what is needed. New urban areas would build roads to accommodate the new capacity needs, eliminating the benefits of excess capacity. etc. ~~~ TearsInTheRain I dont really see a good reason to ban private cars. People are going to want to own cars so they have the freedom to go wherever they want. It shouldnt be hard to have a large fleet of public driverless cars that operate alongside personal ones ------ marssaxman That's great. I'm sure these planners' grandkids will find the adjustment straightforward and possibly even obvious, since they will have grown up with the technology. Today's planners will be retiring by the time self-driving cars are actually beginning to roam the streets in numbers large enough to matter.	{ "pile_set_name": "HackerNews" }
Dermoscopy of pigmented lesions: a valuable tool in the diagnosis of melanoma. Although malignant melanoma is not the most frequent cancer, its incidence is increasing faster than any other. Early diagnosis of melanoma is particularly important because if the diagnosis is made at an early stage when the tumour thickness is less than 1 mm the prognosis is excellent. Dermoscopy is an in vivo method for the early diagnosis of melanoma and the differential diagnosis of pigmented lesions of the skin. It has been shown to increase diagnostic accuracy over clinical visual inspection in the hands of experienced physicians. This paper reviews the principles of dermoscopy, diagnostic strategies and recent technological developments.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
This is a great new deck box! Fits a double sleeved EDH deck in the main compartment with ample storage for tokens and dice etc. in the top part. Awesome work Secret Santa	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Q: Oracle Apex PL/SQL Function Body Default value does not print correclty I am currently using Oracle Apex 5.1 and I am having trouble getting my default value for a Text Area page item to print correctly. The default value is set to "PLSQL Function Body" and I am implementing HTML in the function body as well. My code is as follows: BEGIN If :PAGE_ITEM = 'value' then htp.p('<b>Hello</b><br/>'); END IF; END; The word "Hello" is printed to the screen in bold, which is what I want. However, it is not printed to the screen in the correct place. This is supposed to be printed inside Text Area page item because it is set as the default value for the Text Area page item. Instead, the word is printed to the screen outside of the box in the top left corner of the page, and the Text Area page item is in the center of the page. Does anyone have any ideas why this is happening? Thank you in advance. A: The idea of the function body is just to return the value to be used as default: if :PAGE_ITEM = 'value' then return 'Hello'; end if; For the formatting, you have to resort to the formatting options of the text area item.	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Is Janet Yellen worried enough about inflation? (Jacquelyn Martin/ Associated Press) In her testimony before the congressional Joint Economic Committee on Wednesday, Federal Reserve Chair Janet Yellen reiterated that the recovery is on track but that it will still require substantial support from the Fed for some time. (Read the full text of her prepared remarks here.) Here are the four big takeaways from the Fed chair's remarks: 1. Yellen is not worried about weak first-quarter GDP growth (but she is keeping an eye on housing). Growth stalled out at the start of the year, but Yellen thinks that's just a "pause." The unusually harsh winter kept shoppers at home and homebuilders from working, and Yellen predicted that growth will rise as temperatures do now. Still, Yellen said she is concerned about what she called the "flattening" in the housing market, which could prove more "protracted than currently expected." Part of that reflects weaker demand from higher, though still historically-low, mortgage rates. And part of it reflects weaker demand from low household growth — from young people living at home instead of on their own. 2. Yellen is still focusing on alternative measures of labor force slack. The unemployment rate continues to come down sharply, but, as she has said before, Yellen doesn't think that figure gives us a full picture of the labor market's weakness. Long-term unemployment, part-time workers who want a full-time job but can't find one, and low wage growth all point to an economy still operating well below full capacity. These figures give the Fed more scope for stimulus. 3. Interest rates could stay low even after inflation and unemployment get back to normal. In her prepared remarks, Yellen didn't give a timeline for when she expects interest rates to get closer to their long-run average of 4 percent, but she did say that it could take longer than the economic fundamentals would suggest. In other words, the Fed wouldn't start raising rates quite as quickly as low unemployment and moderate inflation would suggest they would, in large part because of the slack that these numbers aren't picking up. 4. There's some evidence of risky financial behavior ... but not on a large scale Yellen said that the Fed was watching the frothy markets in lower-rated corporate debt but that, in general, the big banks and life insurance companies didn't seem to be going back to the bad old days of taking on too much risk. Overall leverage is down, and so is reliance on short-term funding that, as Bear Stearns learned, can disappear overnight.	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Q: find element in list in dataframe I have a dataframe "df1": adj response beautiful ["She's a beautiful girl/woman, and also a good teacher."] good ["She's a beautiful girl/woman, and also a good teacher."] hideous ["This city is hideous, let's move to the countryside."] And here's the object list: object=["girl","teacher","city","countryside","woman"] Code: df1['response_split']=df1['response'].str.split(",") After I split it, the dataframe will be like this: adj response_split beautiful ["She's a beautiful girl/woman", " and also a good teacher."] good ["She's a beautiful girl/woman", " and also a good teacher."] hideous ["This city is hideous", " let's move to the countryside."] I want to add another column "response_object", if they find the adj in response, they find its object from list object: expected result adj response_split response_object beautiful ["She's a beautiful girl/woman", " and also a good teacher."] girl beautiful ["She's a beautiful girl/woman", " and also a good teacher."] woman good ["She's a beautiful girl/woman", " and also a good teacher."] teacher hideous ["This city is hideous", " let's move to the countryside."] city code: for i in df1['response_split']: if df1['adj'] in i: if any(x in i and x in object): match = list(filter(lambda x: x in i, object)) df1['response_object']=match It prints ValueError A: First object is valid python builtins (code word), so better dont use it for variable, here is changed to L: L=["girl","teacher","city","countryside","woman"] Then zip splitted column with adj, loop by tuples, loop by values in L and match if both match with in and and: df1['response_split']=df1['response'].str.split(",") L1 = [(a, b, o) for a, b in zip(df1['adj'], df1['response_split']) for r in b for o in L if (o in r) and (a in r)] What should be rewrite to loops: df1['response_split']=df1['response'].str.split(",") L1 = [] for a, b in zip(df1['adj'], df1['response_split']): for r in b: for o in L: if (o in r) and (a in r): L1.append((a, b, o)) Last create DataFrame constructor: df2 = pd.DataFrame(L1, columns=['adj','response_split','response_object']) print (df2) adj response_split \ 0 beautiful [She's a beautiful girl/woman, and also a goo... 1 beautiful [She's a beautiful girl/woman, and also a goo... 2 good [She's a beautiful girl/woman, and also a goo... 3 hideous [This city is hideous, let's move to the coun... response_object 0 girl 1 woman 2 teacher 3 city	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Electroporation and alternating current cause membrane permeation of photodynamic cytotoxins yielding necrosis and apoptosis of cancer cells. In order to increase the permeability of cell membranes for low doses of cytostatic drugs, two bioelectrochemical methods have been compared: (a) electric pore formation in the plasma membranes by single electric impulses (electroporation), and (b) reordering of membrane structure by alternating currents (capacitively coupled). These treatments were applied to human leukemic K-562 cells and human lymphoma U-937 cells, yielding apoptotic and necrotic effects, determined by flow cytometry. Additional cell death occurs after exposure to light irradiation at wavelengths lambda > 600 nm, of cells which were electroporated and had incorporated actinomycin-C or daunomycin (daunorubicin). It is observed that drug uptake after an exponentially decaying electroporation pulse of the initial field strength Eo=1.4 kV/cm and pulse time constants in the time range 0.5-3 ms is faster than during PEMF-treatment, i.e., application of an alternating current of 16 kHz, voltage U<100 V, I=55 mA, and exposure time 20 min. However, at the low a.c. voltage of this treatment, more apoptotic and necrotic cells are produced as compared to the electroporation treatment with one exponentially decaying voltage pulse. Thus, additional photodynamic action appears to be more effective than solely drugs and electroporation as applied in clinical electrochemotherapy, and more effective than the noninvasive pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs), for cancer cells in general and animals bearing tumors in particular.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
This invention relates to digital signal processing for radar and communications using phase code modulation, and in particular to an apparatus and method for correlating Binary Phase-Shift Keying (BPSK) pseudo-random noise (PN) codes in a signal processor of a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver. Phase code modulation is ideally suited to measuring time or time delay. The time delay is a measure of range while the difference in phase measurements taken at fixed time intervals is a measure of frequency. The phase code modulation is compared (correlated) with the expected phase or replica of the phase code modulation. Typical phase code modulations include not only Binary Phase-Shift Keying (BPSK), but also Binary Frequency-Shift Keying (BFSK). The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a navigation system based on eighteen satellites in orbit. When fully operational the eighteen satellites will be evenly dispersed in three, inclined, 12-hour circular orbits chosen to ensure continuous 24-hour coverage. The GPS will provide extremely accurate time and three-dimensional position and velocity information to users anywhere in the world. Normally, four satellites are required for precise location determinmination in four dimensions (latitude, longitude, altitude and time). The location determinations are based on measurement of the transit time of RF signals from the satellites selected from the total of eighteen. Each satellite transmits a different pair of L-band carrier signals including an L1 signal at 1575.42 MHz and an L2 signal at 1227.6 MHz. The L1 and L2 signals are biphase modulated by two pseudo-random noise (PN) codes comprising a P-code which provides for precision measurement of transit time and a C/A (course/acquisition) code which provides for a course measurement of transit time and provides for easy lock-on to the desired signal suitable for many commercial purposes. Since each satellite uses different PN-codes, a signal transmitted by a particular satellite can be selected by generating and matching (correlating) the corresponding PN-code pattern. The P-code is the principal navigation pseudo-random noise (PN) ranging code of the Global Positioning System. The P-code is a repetitive sequence of bits referred to as chips (in spread spectrum parlance). The P-code for each satellite is the product of two PN-codes X1 and X2 where X1 has a period of 1.5 sec or 15,345,000 chips and X2 has a period of 15,345,037 or 37 chips longer. The P-code generator in a GPS receiver reproduces a replica of the P-code that is generated by a P-code generator of a particular GPS satellite and each satellite produces a unique P-code. The C/A code is a relatively short code of 1023 bits or 1 msec duration at a 1.023 Mbps bit rate. This code is selected to provide good multiple access properties for its period. An all-digital GPS receiver is described in a paper entitled "All-Digital GPS Receiver Mechanization", by Peter C. Ould and Robert J. Van Wechel, reprinted by the Institute of Navigation, Global Positioning System Papers published in Navigation, Vol. 2, pp. 25-35, (also presented at ION Aerospace Meeting, April, 1981). Code correlation is accomplished digitally using either digital matched filters (DMF) or digital correlators, depending upon performance requirements. In particular, a correlator is described that is a three-sample, 2-bit correlator used for both C/A and P-codes wherein the quantized samples are scaled to produce all positive values so that simple up/down counters can be used to integrate the most significant bit (MSB) and least significant bit (LSB) independently. However, this approach requires one correlator/integrator in the signal processor of the GPS receiver for each analog-to-digital bit. In a subsequent paper entitled "All-Digital GPS Receiver Mechanization-Six Years Later by J. S. Graham, P. C. Ould and R. J. Van Wechel, Journal of Institute of Navigation, National Technical Meeting, January 1987, a multi-tap correlator/integrator is described that is predominantly a set of N times Y 16-bit up/down counters where N is the number of A/D bits and Y is the multiple number of taps. When sampled signals are correlated against a replica of the transmitted code, the counters count up or down to indicate a match or mismatch, respectively for each A/D bit. At the end of the correlation time interval the counts for each A/D bit are stored in holding registers accessible by a microprocessor bus. This integrate and dump function which is the optimal filter requires weighting of each 16-bit up/down counter output. The N 16-bit output weighted words are accumulated for detection of pseudo-random noise code buried in Gaussian noise. However, these approaches for pseudo-random noise code correlation result in considerable hardware even when implemented with VLSI circuitry. New applications of the GPS system have identified the need for a GPS receiver having a signal processor implemented on a very large scale integrated (VLSI) circuit. In order to accomplish this level of integration, the signal processor has to be designed with minimum circuitry to facilitate implementing it on a VLSI circuit.	{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }
The value of 64-detector row computed tomography for the exclusion of pulmonary embolism. Recently, a diagnostic strategy using a clinical decision rule, D-dimer testing and spiral computed tomography (CT) was found to be effective in the evaluation of patients with clinically suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). However, the rate of venous thromboembolic complications in the three-month follow-up of patients with negative CT was still substantial and included fatal events. It was the objective to evaluate the safety of withholding anticoagulants after a normal 64-detector row CT (64-DCT) scan from a cohort of patients with suspected PE. A total of 545 consecutive patients with clinically suspected first episode of PE and either likely pre-test probability of PE (using the simplified Wells score) or unlikely pre-test probability in combination with a positive D-dimer underwent a 64-DCT. 64-DCT scanning was inconclusive in nine patients (1.6%), confirmed the presence of PE in 169 (31%), and ruled out the diagnosis in the remaining 367. During the three-month follow-up of the 367 patients one developed symptomatic distal deep-vein thrombosis (0.27%; 95%CI, 0.0 to 1.51%) and none developed PE (0 %; 95%CI, 0 to 1.0%). We conclude that 64-DCT scanning has the potential to safely exclude the presence of PE virtually in all patients presenting with clinical suspicion of this clinical disorder.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
With This Pre-Workout Routine To Light Your Butt on Fire Not being metaphorical here—we’re literally talking about your butt. It’s the biggest and most important muscle you have, but your glutes can get a case of the lazies, forgetting to “activate” or “turn on” sufficiently during everyday tasks or workouts, says certified strength and conditioning specialist Bret Contreras, coauthor of Strong Curves: A Woman’s Guide to Building a Better Butt and Body. There’s a textbook term for this phenomenon—gluteal amnesia—and it could be dragging you down. After all, your rear assists in every type of motion: running, jumping, lifting, you name it. Let’s say you have this amazing coworker. She’s irreplaceable, but lately, homegirl has been phoning it in. Sometimes she doesn’t even show up to crucial meetings, forcing you and the rest of the team to carry her load. What an ass, right? That powerhouse job description is the reason many scientists believe the glutes evolved into the machines they are today, distinguishing humans from their four-legged ancestors. Ironic, then, that our current lifestyle has set us back a bajillion years. “We’re sitting for hours and hours a day, and that teaches the muscles to be lax instead of active, even for some regular exercisers,” says Robert Panariello, chief clinical officer and founding partner of Professional Physical Therapy of New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut. And so begins the fallout: Muscles along the back side of your body (known as the posterior chain) are forced to take charge, setting you up for all sorts of fun stuff like muscular imbalances and injury. Even seemingly unconnected things, like a sprained ankle or a stubbed toe, can trigger your butt to hit the power-down button to help the healing process. So how do we put some fire under this slacker’s ass? Going beast mode and adding more explosive, heavy training (like barbell deadlifts) will definitely do the trick. But we realize that might be asking a lot up front if you’re not already a weight-room regular. Follow our warm-up plan, tweak your strength-training routine, and just like that, you’ll show those buns who’s boss. Warm Your Buns This pre-exercise routine from Contreras will energize your tuchus like a double shot of espresso. Perform three sets before any workout.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
586 F.Supp. 1332 (1984) Alan David ROSENFELD v. Eugene V. CLARK, Paul N. Olson, Nancy Kaufman, Janet G. Murphy, Brooke Pearson, Douglas Richards, Robert D. Rachlin, Thomas B. Ragle and Charles R. Tetzlaff. Civ. A. No. 83-284. United States District Court, D. Vermont. May 11, 1984. 1333 1334 Allan David Rosenfeld, pro se. Zander B. Rubin, Asst. Atty. Gen., State of Vt., Montpelier, Vt., for defendants. Marilyn Hand, Dick, Hackel & Hull, Rutland, Vt., for defendant Nancy Kaufman. COFFRIN, Chief Judge. Plaintiff brings this action pro se under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 and 28 U.S.C. § 1343(a)(3) to recover for damages allegedly sustained as a result of improper administration of the Vermont Bar Examination ("exam") by the defendants, the individual members of the Vermont Board of Bar Examiners ("Board"). Plaintiff took the exam in February of 1983 and was initially informed that he had failed by one point. Plaintiff then appealed his score, pursuant to Vt. Stat.Ann. tit. 12, App. I, Part II §§ 10(f), (g), to the Chairman of the Board, defendant Clark. The statutory appeals process requires the Chairman to "render a ruling in writing within thirty days of the receipt of the petition for appeal as to whether the appeal has substantial merit." If the Chairman finds substantial merit, the appeal is then considered by the full Board which has another thirty days to act on the Chairman's recommendation. Vt.Stat.Ann. tit. 12 App. I, Part II, § 10(h). If the Board issues a favorable decision and the applicant is found qualified by the Character and Fitness Committee and approved by the Vermont Supreme Court, the applicant is admitted to the state bar. Plaintiff alleges that shortly after receiving notice on April 1, 1983 that he had failed the exam, he wrote to the Board requesting a review of his score. On April 28, 1983, he received a copy of the examiners' model answers and a scoring guide to compare with a copy of his own graded exam.[1] According to plaintiff, he submitted an appeal to defendant Clark on May 9, 1983. Shortly thereafter plaintiff 1335 by letter informed defendant Clark that he had completed all of the other requirements for admission to practice and requested an expedited review of his appeal. Plaintiff alleges that defendant Clark issued a favorable ruling, but not until June 15, 1983, some seven days after the statutorily prescribed period had run. The full Board informed the plaintiff on June 25, 1983 that a decision had issued in his favor and that his score had been adjusted up one point to the passing grade. On July 7, 1983, plaintiff appeared before the Vermont Supreme Court and was admitted to the state bar. Plaintiff asserts a number of constitutional and state law violations. He alleges that defendant Clark violated his fourteenth amendment right to due process by exceeding the thirty day period in which the Chairman was required to have rendered his decision so that plaintiff was excluded from the practice of his profession; that defendant Clark violated his right to due process "by not reviewing and ruling on the appeal as quickly as possible"; that all of the defendants violated his fourteenth amendment right to equal protection under the law "by awarding him a failing grade at the same time they passed other applicants who had earned the same or lesser scores in the examination"; that the members of the full Board violated his right to due process "by denying him admission to the bar in a manner that did not provide a timely review of this action"; and finally, that the defendant members of the full Board carelessly and recklessly failed to fulfill their responsibility for assuring a fairly and accurately graded exam.[2] Plaintiff seeks a declaratory judgment, actual and punitive damages, and attorney's fees. The defendants deny the plaintiff's allegations and assert as defenses lack of subject matter jurisdiction, absolute judicial immunity, the eleventh amendment, improper service, and failure to state a claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. The case is presently before the court on defendants' motion for summary judgment and plaintiff's cross motion for summary judgment. For the reasons stated below, we dismiss the "Third" and "Fifth" claims contained in the Complaint for lack of subject matter jurisdiction and we grant defendant's motion for summary judgment as to the rest of plaintiff's claims. JURISDICTION Defendants contend that this court lacks subject matter jurisdiction over plaintiff's claims. According to the defendants, the plaintiff is entitled to appeal the decision of the Board to the Vermont Supreme Court pursuant to Vt.Stat.Ann. tit. 12, App. I, Part II, § 13(b). If the Vermont Supreme Court rendered a decision adverse to plaintiff, his only recourse would be to petition the United States Supreme Court for certiorari. A federal district court, defendants contend, is without jurisdiction to review a decision of a state court on the merits. The defendants rely primarily on District of Columbia Court of Appeals v. Feldman, 460 U.S. 462, 103 S.Ct. 1303, 75 L.Ed.2d 206 (1983) and Welch v. Smith, 486 F.Supp. 153 (D.Vt.1980), to support their argument. In Feldman, the plaintiffs had applied for waivers of a requirement of admission to the District of Columbia bar that all applicants be graduates of an approved law school. Denied the waivers by the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, the plaintiffs brought suit in federal district court alleging that the denials were arbitrary and hence in violation of the fifth amendment. The Court first acknowledged that a federal district court is without authority to review final determinations of a state's highest court, petition for certiorari pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1257 being the sole avenue for review of such decisions. Federal district court jurisdiction is defeated, however, only when the state court's determination is "judicial" in nature and the plaintiff's claim was disposed of "on its 1336 merits." Id. at 1312-1313. Because the issuance of a waiver, reasoned the Court, involved a judicial inquiry into various equitable and legal considerations, a district court did not have subject matter jurisdiction over the plaintiffs' claims that the bar associations had arrived at incorrect decisions. Therefore, to the extent that the plaintiffs sought a review of the bar associations' decisions denying the waiver, a district court lacked subject matter jurisdiction over their complaints. On the other hand, to the extent that the plaintiff challenged the constitutional validity of an admission rule itself, the Court held that a district court would have subject matter jurisdiction. State supreme courts may act in a non-judicial capacity in promulgating rules regulating the state bar admission process. Challenges to the constitutionality of state bar rules, therefore, do not necessarily require a United States District Court to review a final state court judgment in a judicial proceeding. Instead, the District Court may simply be asked to assess the validity of a rule promulgated in a non-judicial proceeding. If this is the case, the District Court is not reviewing a state court judicial decision. Id. at 1316-1317. A district court would, therefore, have jurisdiction over plaintiffs' constitutional challenge to the rules themselves. Applying the analysis set forth in Feldman, we must disagree with the defendant's contention that the Board's alleged failure to provide a timely decision and timely notification of that decision is somehow the result of a judicial proceeding. Despite defendants' reference to decisions of the Vermont Supreme Court indicating that the bar admission process is a judicial function,[3]Feldman requires us to examine the nature and effect of the challenged action rather than its form. The plaintiff here does not seek review of the Board's determination. Clearly this court would lack jurisdiction over a challenge to the merits of the Board's decision. Instead of attacking the decision of the Board or its Chairman they decided his appeal had merit plaintiff seeks a review of the alleged procedural improprieties in the exam appeal process. The Chairman is faulted for failure to comply with the timing requirements of the state statute. The entire Board is alleged to have violated plaintiff's constitutional right to due process by not providing for a "timely review" of their initial grade determination, an allegation which amounts to a claim that the statutory time period for decision of an appeal is itself unconstitutional. These claims are clearly not directed to the merits of the Board's determination. Thus the plaintiff can in no way be said to be seeking a review of the merits of a judicial decision of a state court. The Court in Feldman clearly recognized the distinction between a challenge to the merits of a decision by a state supreme court and a challenge to the constitutionality of a bar admission rule or its application. We find this case more clearly related to the latter class of actions so that jurisdiction is not defeated on this basis.[4] Defendants' reliance on Welch is also misplaced but for a different reason. The plaintiff in Welch, who received a failing grade on the 1978 Vermont bar exam, asserted that due process had been denied by 1337 certain acts of the Board. This court held that the Board's negative determination was not a "final decision", since only the Vermont Supreme Court had the final authority to pass on bar admissions. Furthermore, because a challenge to the Vermont Supreme Court's final determination would only lie through petition for certiorari to the United States Supreme Court, a federal district court would not have subject matter jurisdiction over the plaintiff's claims even if they had resulted from a final decision. In a short unpublished decision, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed, but on the basis of plaintiff's failure to state a claim rather than lack of subject matter jurisdiction. Welch v. Smith, No. 80-7306 (2d Cir. June 10, 1980). Although the Court of Appeals did not elaborate, our decision in Welch clearly cannot be cited as support for the proposition that a federal district court lacks jurisdiction over a challenge to rules and practices employed by a state board of bar examiners.[5] Defendants also allege that the bar of the eleventh amendment applies because plaintiff seeks damages against the defendants in their official capacities, citing Edelman v. Jordan, 415 U.S. 651, 94 S.Ct. 1347, 39 L.Ed.2d 662 (1974). Although the Complaint does not precisely state the capacity in which the defendants are being sued, plaintiff contended at hearing that he sought recovery against the individual defendants rather than the state treasury and therefore that his claim falls under Scheuer v. Rhodes, 416 U.S. 232, 94 S.Ct. 1683, 40 L.Ed.2d 90 (1974) (damages against state officials as individuals may be a permissible remedy in some circumstances notwithstanding the fact that they held public office). The question is an extremely close one, but an examination of the pleadings (as required by Scheuer) leads us to the somewhat tenuous conclusion that plaintiff seeks recovery against the defendants as individuals.[6] Therefore, the eleventh amendment does not apply. Finally, defendants assert that this court does not have subject matter jurisdiction because plaintiff has failed to raise a substantial federal question. In order to dismiss on this basis, however, plaintiff's claims must be wholly unsubstantial or frivolous, foreclosed by prior case law, or so patently without merit as to require no meaningful consideration. Hagans v. Lavine, 415 U.S. 528, 536-538, 94 S.Ct. 1372, 1378-379, 39 L.Ed.2d 577 (1974). We believe that plaintiff's equal protection claim ("Third Claim" in the Complaint) fails to present a substantial federal question. An allegation that a mistake in grading an exam (and plaintiff does not contest that it was anything but a mistake) gives rise to a violation of the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment is clearly frivolous. See e.g. Chaney v. State Bar of California, 386 F.2d 962, 964-966 (9th Cir.1967) (allegation that use of an essay-type bar exam violates due process is a frivolous claim which should be dismissed), cert. denied, 390 U.S. 1011, 88 S.Ct. 1262, 20 L.Ed.2d 162 (1968). Since the equal protection claim has no constitutional substance, we dismiss it. 1338 The court cannot say, however, that plaintiff's constitutional due process claims fail to present substantial federal questions. Having discerned no jurisdictional defects in these claims, this court has subject matter jurisdiction over the plaintiff's due process claims. Turning to plaintiff's state law claim ("Fifth Claim" in the Complaint), which alleges that the Board carelessly and recklessly failed to assure a timely and accurately graded exam, the court must decline to exercise pendent jurisdiction. This state law negligence claim would involve issues and evidence vastly different than might be raised in the determination of the federal claims. Further, the negligence claims appear to arise out of the Board's wholly discretionary function in preparing and grading the exam rather than out of the procedural requirements of the exam appeals process. Thus plaintiff's state law negligence claim and his constitutional claim do not arise out of the common nucleus of operative fact necessary in order for the court to be able to exercise pendent jurisdiction. United Mine Workers v. Gibbs, 383 U.S. 715, 86 S.Ct. 1130, 16 L.Ed.2d 218 (1966). For this reason, we hold that we have no jurisdiction over plaintiff's "Fifth Claim" and accordingly dismiss it. DUE PROCESS CLAIMS The defendants allege that they are entitled under Fed.R.Civ.P. 56 to summary judgment on a variety of grounds. We will assume, for purposes of this motion, that all of plaintiff's material factual allegations are true and we resolve all inferences in the plaintiff's favor. 6 Moore's Federal Practice, ¶ 56.11[1.-1] at 56-198 (1983). Plaintiff asserts that he has been deprived of a property interest without due process of law. The extent to which the constitution protects a "right" to be admitted to a state bar was delineated in Schware v. Board of Bar Examiners of New Mexico, 353 U.S. 232, 238-239, 77 S.Ct. 752, 755-756, 1 L.Ed.2d 796 (1957): A State cannot exclude a person from the practice of law or from any other occupation in a manner or for reasons that contravene the Due Process or Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. A State can require high standards of qualification, such as good moral character or proficiency in its law, before it admits an applicant to the bar, but any qualification must have a rational connection with the applicant's fitness or capacity to practice law .... Even in applying permissible standards, officers of a State cannot exclude an applicant when there is no basis for their finding that he fails to meet these standards, or when their action is invidiously discriminatory. (citations and footnote omitted). The plaintiff does not allege that the Board has proposed standards which have no rational connection to his fitness to practice law, that the Board improperly assessed his qualities with respect to permissible standards, or that the Board's action was invidiously discriminatory. The plaintiff's primary complaint is that the Chairman's failure to render a decision within the time requirements of Vt.Stat.Ann. tit. 12, App. I, Part II, § 10(f) and the failure of the Chairman and the Board to act in an otherwise "timely manner" caused him to be excluded from the practice of law for a period of several weeks. As to the allegations against defendant Clark, plaintiff implies that Clark's alleged failure to render his decision within the time prescribed by statute was ipso facto a violation of due process. Plaintiff relies on the principle that "an agency's violation of its own procedures may constitute a denial of due process, adjudicable in the courts." Sneaker Circus, Inc. v. Carter, 566 F.2d 396, 402 (2d Cir.1977). Certainly an agency's violation of a statutorily mandated procedure may result in a violation of due process, but it is clear that such a violation did not occur here merely because of a failure to follow the thirty day time limit. The total time allowed by state statute for the appeals process was sixty 1339 days; thirty days were allotted for the Chairman to make his decision and thirty additional days were provided the full Board to act on the Chairman's recommendation. Although defendant Clark allegedly took thirty-seven days to render his decision, the full Board, by plaintiff's own admission, took only ten days to render their finding that plaintiff had passed the exam. Plaintiff, therefore, obtained a final decision in forty-seven days, thirteen days before the statutory period for a final decision by the full Board expired. Since the appeals process was completed well within the timing requirements set forth by statute, defendant Clark's violation of state notice requirements was not, ipso facto, a violation of plaintiff's right to due process. Plaintiff also asserts, however, that whether or not defendant Clark's alleged failure to adhere to the statutory time requirements constituted a violation of due process, the total time taken by Clark and the full Board violated due process because of the urgency of plaintiff's situation. Since the Board acted within the statutorily prescribed time limit, this claim amounts to a challenge to the constitutional adequacy of the procedures set forth in the statute itself. Defendants' response is that they were engaged in a process that should, taken as a whole, be characterized as a judicial function. As an arm of the Vermont Supreme Court thus engaged in an activity judicial in nature, defendants contend that they are entitled to absolute judicial immunity for their acts related to the grading of the bar exam, including any violations of notice requirements imposed by the constitution (though they deny that any violation occurred). It is well settled that a judge is entitled to absolute immunity for all acts committed within his judicial jurisdiction, even grave procedural errors. Stump v. Sparkman, 435 U.S. 349, 98 S.Ct. 1099, 55 L.Ed.2d 331 (1978); Pierson v. Ray, 386 U.S. 547, 87 S.Ct. 1213, 18 L.Ed.2d 288 (1967). Such immunity is intended not to exculpate corrupt or incompetent judges but to further the public interest in the free exercise of judicial discretion. This limitation on the preservation of constitutional rights through personal damages suits is tolerated, however, only because of the need for judges to pursue their discretionary duties without fear of vexatious and burdensome litigation. Absolute immunity from a suit for damages under § 1983 is also available to certain other public officials when such officials are required to make important and potentially controversial decisions which might subject them to frequent and obstructive harassment by litigation. Imbler v. Pachtman, 424 U.S. 409, 96 S.Ct. 984, 47 L.Ed.2d 128 (1976) (prosecutors); Tenney v. Brandhove, 341 U.S. 367, 71 S.Ct. 783, 95 L.Ed. 1019 (1951) (legislators). The law only grudgingly allows absolute immunity, however; most other government officials, even those who perform highly discretionary functions, receive only the limited protection of qualified immunity. Scheuer v. Rhodes, supra (immunity to governor if acting in good faith and with reasonable grounds for belief); Pierson v. Ray, supra (immunity to police officer if arrest made in good faith and with probable cause). We must decide, then, what degree of immunity to afford quasi-judicial officials such as the Board members here who perform duties both judicial (such as determining which applicants are qualified for admission to the bar) and ministerial (such as providing an applicant with the review results of his exam pursuant to Vt.Stat.Ann. tit. 12, App. I, Pt. II § 10(f)). Although an analogy might be made to the immunity afforded clerks of court, who perform both discretionary and ministerial functions, such a comparison is of little help since the Second Circuit has never addressed the issue and the other circuits are in utter disarray. Compare Slotnick v. Staviskey, 560 F.2d 31, 32 (1st Cir.1977) (absolute immunity for all acts of court clerk), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 1077, 98 S.Ct. 1268, 55 L.Ed.2d 783 (1978), with Tarter v. Hury, 646 F.2d 1010, 1013 (5th Cir.1981) (clerk entitled to absolute immunity for actions taken pursuant to court order or judge's 1340 direction, qualified immunity for all other acts), with McCray v. Maryland, 456 F.2d 1 (4th Cir.1972) (degree of immunity depends on whether clerk exercised quasi-judicial discretion, acted pursuant to statutory authority in a ministerial duty, followed a judge's orders, or acted in violation of his statutory duty). Defendants cite Clark v. Washington, 366 F.2d 678 (9th Cir.1966) as support for their contention that they are entitled to absolute immunity. In Clark the court afforded absolute immunity to a state bar association in a suit for damages relating to the plaintiff's disbarment. The clear intent of the court, however, was to protect the prosecutorial and judicial discretion of the bar association as it was employed in disbarment proceedings. Since the bar association had actually brought charges against the plaintiff, and a committee of the bar association had conducted a trial and issued findings, the bar association functioned as an integral part of the judicial process and was thus entitled to absolute immunity for this function. Clark is clearly not dispositive here since there is no challenge to any prosecutorial function the Board might have. Clark does, however, suggest an approach which we find appropriate. When assessing the degree of immunity to be afforded quasi-judicial officials, a court should focus on the official's function at issue. See also McCray v. Maryland, supra, at 3; Kane v. Yung Won Han, 550 F.Supp. 120, 123 (E.D.N.Y.1982). If the function involves an exercise of judicial discretion, absolute immunity should be afforded; for all other acts, a member of the Board should enjoy only qualified immunity. Unfortunately, this does not solve the problem of what immunity to afford defendants here since we must still attempt to characterize their challenged actions, no simple task in this case. It might be argued that while the Board's decision clearly involved a discretionary function, the Board was without discretion as to the timing of that decision since the statute required a decision within sixty days. On the other hand, the plaintiff has alleged that the statute which set the chronological boundaries for the decision violates due process. His very charge is that the Board had the discretion to act more expeditiously but unconstitutionally failed to exercise that discretion. We agree that an element of discretion is involved in determining the duration of a deliberative process. Certain decisions may take longer than others and a decision-making body may implicitly decide that a particular issue warrants extended consideration. Whether or not such action constitutes an exercise of judicial discretion is a difficult question. Ultimately we believe a decision's timing is so functionally intertwined with the decision-making process itself (which should clearly enjoy the protection of absolute immunity) that the Board should be absolutely immune from damages for the due process claims raised by plaintiff. While an allegation that the Board failed to timely render a decision does not attack the merits of that decision, it would be improper to permit a suit for damages for an alleged flaw which is "not meaningfully separable" from a protected function. Gray v. Bell, 712 F.2d 490, 516 (D.C.Cir.1983) (discussing sovereign immunity and the discretionary function exception of the Federal Tort Claims Act). Thus, the Board is entitled to absolute immunity for plaintiff's suit for damages. Even if defendants were not entitled to absolute immunity for their actions, we believe that defendants are at least entitled to qualified immunity.[7] Under Harlow v. *1341 Fitzgerald, 457 U.S. 800, 818, 102 S.Ct. 2727, 2738, 73 L.Ed.2d 396 (1982) a government official performing a discretionary function is generally shielded from liability for civil damages insofar as his conduct does not violate clearly established statutory or constitutional rights of which a reasonable person would have known. Because no court, to our knowledge, has ever delineated the timing requirements imposed by the due process clause in a situation such as this, the Board members could not reasonably have been expected to know that their acts violated plaintiff's rights, if in fact they did (which we doubt). We are aware of no clearly established due process rights which required the Board to act more quickly than it did, no decision which clearly states that a sixty day or even a ninety day appeal process in a situation such as this violates due process. Where there has been no violation of a clearly established right, defendants are entitled to qualified immunity and plaintiff's claim for damages must be dismissed. For the reasons stated above, it is hereby ORDERED that: Plaintiff's motion for summary judgment is denied; the "Third" (equal protection) and "Fifth" (negligence) claims contained in the Complaint are dismissed for lack of subject matter jurisdiction; defendant's motion for summary judgment is granted as to all of plaintiff's remaining claims; judgment shall be entered for defendants thereon. No costs. NOTES [1] Plaintiff makes no allegation in the Complaint that the approximately three week period between the time of his first request in April for the scoring review and the submission of his appeal on May 9 contributed to a violation of due process. We do not, therefore, feel bound to consider this period in our analysis but we do so because plaintiff addressed the impropriety of this alleged delay at hearing. As may be seen, however, this delay has no real effect on our holding. [2] This last cause of action appears to be a claim for negligence under state law. In the absence of any indication to the contrary, it will be treated as such. [3] In re Monaghan, 126 Vt. 53, 58, 222 A.2d 665 (1966) (proceedings had for the admission of attorneys-at-law are judicial.); In re Haddad, 106 Vt. 322, 325, 173 A. 103 (1934) ("The action of the court in the exercise of this power [admission to the bar] is judicial in its character ..."). [4] Defendants claim that plaintiff could have appealed to the Vermont Supreme Court pursuant to Vt.Stat.Ann. tit. 12, App. I, Part II, § 13(b) which provides: Except as otherwise provided by these Rules, an individual may appeal from a decision of the Board of Bar Examiners by filing an action with the Vermont Supreme Court as a matter of original jurisdiction ..." Plaintiff did not seek to review the decision of the Board. He could not therefore have availed himself of an appeal to the Vermont Supreme Court since, having obtained a favorable decision on the merits, there was nothing left to appeal. [5] We presume that the Court of Appeals found that this court had jurisdiction over the subject matter, but since the Board's action had not finally deprived the plaintiff of any rights guaranteed by the Constitution and laws of the United States, no claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 had been stated. [6] Defendants are probably correct in their contention that the acts complained of were performed within the defendants' official capacities. So long as recovery is sought against the officials as individuals, however, the fact that their allegedly unconstitutional acts were done in their official capacities will not affect the court's jurisdiction. Scheuer v. Rhodes, supra; Sarteschi v. Burlein, 508 F.2d 110, 113 (3d Cir. 1975). See also Thonen v. Jenkins, 517 F.2d 3, 6 (4th Cir.1975) (where the court could form a damage remedy so that it could run against state officials in their individual capacities, eleventh amendment was no bar); Wright v. McMann, 460 F.2d 126 (2d Cir.) (warden of state prison subject to personal liability for official acts where he had actual and legally implied knowledge of violation of prisoner's Eighth Amendment rights), cert. denied, 409 U.S. 885, 93 S.Ct. 115, 34 L.Ed.2d 141 (1972). [7] There is some question as to whether or not we should consider the qualified immunity defense since defendants pleaded only absolute immunity. Gomez v. Toledo, 446 U.S. 635, 100 S.Ct. 1920, 64 L.Ed.2d 572 (1980) requires that qualified immunity be specifically pleaded as an affirmative defense. The subjective "good faith" element of qualified immunity, however, was essentially eliminated in Harlow v. Fitzgerald, 457 U.S. 800, 102 S.Ct. 2727, 73 L.Ed.2d 396 (1982). Upon a motion for summary judgment a court need now determine only the objective reasonableness of an official's conduct as measured by law clearly established at the time of the alleged action. Since a form of official immunity has been pleaded and since the qualified immunity defense no longer hinges on the presentation by defendants of evidence of good faith, there is little reason in cases such as this for a court to strictly apply Fed.R.Civ.P. 8(c). But see Espanola Way Corp. v. Myerson, 690 F.2d 827, 830 (11th Cir.1982).	{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }
How does thoracic kyphosis affect patient outcomes in growing rod surgery? Retrospective review of a multicenter series. This study was conducted to specifically identify the complication rate of growing rod surgery in patients with normal (10°-40°) versus abnormal thoracic kyphosis. Surgical treatment options for progressive early onset scoliosis include spinal fusion versus growth-sparing techniques. The current most commonly employed growing rod technique involves short fusions at the foundation sites using either hooks or screws as anchors and placement of dual growing rods spanning the deformity. Although the coronal deformity in these patients has been studied extensively, the sagittal profile has received less attention as a possible factor in complication rates and patient outcomes. Out of 387 patients who underwent surgical placement of growing rods, 90 patients had complete clinical and radiographical data, with 2-year follow-up after initial surgery. Patients were categorized into 3 groups on the basis of preoperative thoracic kyphosis magnitude: less than 10° (K- group), 10°-40° (N group), and more than 40° (K+ group). Patient diagnosis, demographics, surgical information, radiographical measurements, and complication types were tabulated and analyzed. A P value of <0.05 was considered significant for all statistical tests. The K- group experienced 27 total complications including 15 general medical complications, the N group had 20 total and 4 general complications, and the K+ group had 55 total and 22 general complications. Patients in the K+ group were 3.1 times more likely to experience a complication than those in the N group, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). When considering all types of complications, length of follow-up, T2-T5 proximal kyphosis, postoperative Cobb angle, and rod diameter were identified as confounding variables. When the confounding variables were taken into consideration in the analysis, the odds ratios were no longer significant between the N and K+ groups. Patients in the K+ group and K- group were 2.95 and 2.89 times more likely to experience a general medical complication than those in the N group, respectively (P > 0.05). The rate of implant-related complications between the groups did not reach statistical significance, although the K+ group had the most implant complications (n = 34), including 25 rod breakages in 16 patients. Syndromic patients had 2.9 times the risk of having an overall complication when compared with the entire patient series (P < 0.05). The number of patients who experienced multiple complications was higher in the K- and K+ groups than in the N group. Patients with thoracic hyperkyphosis present even more of a challenge with respect to complications, specifically implant-related complications. Our study shows that growing rod surgery in patients with kyphosis more than 40° has significantly more general and implant complications than that in patients with normal thoracic kyphosis. Implant complications were more common in hyperkyphotic (>40°) patients and increased linearly with increasing kyphosis. The most common implant complication was rod breakage. Patients with hyperkyphotic thoracic spines, particularly syndromic patients, must be monitored closely and parents should be counseled regarding the likelihood of future adverse events.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Module: common-dylan-test-suite Synopsis: Common Dylan library test suite Author: Andy Armstrong Copyright: Original Code is Copyright (c) 1995-2004 Functional Objects, Inc. All rights reserved. License: See License.txt in this distribution for details. Warranty: Distributed WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND /// Function test cases define test test-concatenate! () let my-list = #(3, 4); check("test concatenate! on a list", \=, concatenate!(my-list, #(5), #(6)), #(3, 4, 5, 6)); check("concatenate! should have not affected my-list", \=, my-list, #(3, 4)); let my-stretchy-vector = make(<stretchy-vector>); add!(my-stretchy-vector, 3); add!(my-stretchy-vector, 4); let my-stretchy-vector-afterwards = make(<stretchy-vector>); add!(my-stretchy-vector-afterwards, 3); add!(my-stretchy-vector-afterwards, 4); add!(my-stretchy-vector-afterwards, 5); add!(my-stretchy-vector-afterwards, 6); check("test concatenate! on a stretchy-vector", \=, concatenate!(my-stretchy-vector, #(5, 6)), my-stretchy-vector-afterwards); check("concatenate! should have changed my-stretchy-vector", \=, my-stretchy-vector, my-stretchy-vector-afterwards); end test; define constant $test-error-message = "Test Error"; define class <test-error> (<error>) end class <test-error>; define method condition-to-string (error :: <test-error>) => (string :: <byte-string>) $test-error-message end method condition-to-string; define test test-condition-to-string () check-equal("condition-to-string of an error produces correct string", condition-to-string(make(<simple-error>, format-string: "Hello")), "Hello"); check-instance?("condition-to-string of a type error produces a string", <string>, begin let error = make(<type-error>, value: 10, type: <class>); condition-to-string(error) end); check-equal("condition-to-string of an error with a condition-to-string method", condition-to-string(make(<test-error>)), $test-error-message) end test; define test test-debug-message () check-false("debug-message doesn't crash", debug-message("Hello")); check-false("debug-message doesn't crash with incorrect format arguments", debug-message("Hello %s")); end test; define test test-difference () //---* Do all collections by using dylan-test-suite collection code let list1 = #(1, 2, 3); let list2 = #(3, 4, 5); check("test difference #1", \=, difference(list1, list2), #(1, 2)); check("test difference #2", \=, difference(list2, list1), #(4, 5)); check("test difference #3", \=, difference(list1, list1), #()); check("test difference with \\>", \=, difference(list1, list2, test: \>), list1); end test; define test test-false-or () let new-type = #f; check-instance?("False-or returns type", <type>, new-type := false-or(<string>)); check-instance?(format-to-string("%s is false-or(<string>)", "abc"), new-type, "abc"); check-instance?("#f is false-or(<string>)", new-type, #f); check-false("#t is not false-or(<string>)", instance?(#t, new-type)); end test; define test test-find-element () //---* Do all collections by using dylan-test-suite collection code let list1 = #("oh", "we", "like", "sheep", "like"); check("test find-element", \=, find-element(list1, method (the-element) (the-element = "like") end), "like"); check("test failure find-element", \=, find-element(list1, method (the-element) (the-element = "thermos") end), #f); check("test failure find-element with failure as symbol", \=, find-element(list1, method (the-element) (the-element = "thermos") end, failure: #"heckfire"), #"heckfire"); check("test find-element with skip: 1", \=, find-element(list1, method (the-element) (the-element = "like") end, skip: 1), "like"); check("skip: is too big", \=, find-element(list1, method (the-element) (the-element = "like") end, skip: 2), #f); end test; //---* NOTE: The <double-float> results will have to be changed if //---* we ever implement a better printing algorithm to get more digits define constant $float-string-mappings = #(#(0.0, "0.0"), #(0.0d0, "0.0d0"), #(1.0, "1.0000000"), #(1.0d0, "1.0000000d0"), #(10.0, "10.000000"), #(10.0d0, "10.000000d0"), #(100.0, "100.00000"), #(100.0d0, "100.00000d0"), #(123456789.0, "1.2345679s8"), #(123456789.0d0, "1.2345678d8"), // Added for bug #(1.0d5, "100000.00d0"), #(1.0s6, "1000000.0"), #(1.0d6, "1000000.0d0"), #(1.0d7, "1.0000000d7")); define test test-float-to-string () for (float-mapping in $float-string-mappings) let float = float-mapping[0]; let string = float-mapping[1]; check-equal(format-to-string("float-to-string(%d)", float), float-to-string(float), string) end; //---* NOTE: Our runtime should catch 0.0 / 0.0 and signal an invalid //---* float operation error rather than generating a {NaN}. check-equal("float-to-string(0.0 / 0.0)", float-to-string(0.0 / 0.0), "{NaN}"); check-equal("float-to-string(0.0d0 / 0.0d0)", float-to-string(0.0d0 / 0.0d0), "{NaN}d0"); //---* NOTE: When we implement floating point exception control, //---* replace the above two checks with the following: /* check-equal("float-to-string(0.0 / 0.0)", float-to-string(with-floating-exceptions-disabled () 0.0 / 0.0 end), "{NaN}"); check-equal("float-to-string(0.0d0 / 0.0d0)", float-to-string(with-floating-exceptions-disabled () 0.0d0 / 0.0d0 end), "{NaN}d0"); check-equal("float-to-string(1.0 / 0.0)", float-to-string(with-floating-exceptions-disabled () 1.0 / 0.0 end), "+{infinity}"); check-equal("float-to-string(1.0d0 / 0.0d0)", float-to-string(with-floating-exceptions-disabled () 1.0d0 / 0.0d0 end), "+{infinity}d0"); check-equal("float-to-string(-1.0 / 0.0)", float-to-string(with-floating-exceptions-disabled () -1.0 / 0.0 end), "-{infinity}"); check-equal("float-to-string(-1.0d0 / 0.0d0)", float-to-string(with-floating-exceptions-disabled () -1.0d0 / 0.0d0 end), "-{infinity}d0"); / end test; define test test-ignorable () assert-signals(<error>, ignorable(this-is-undefined), "ignorable crashes on undefined variables"); end; define test test-ignore () assert-signals(<error>, ignore(this-is-undefined), "ignore crashes on undefined variables"); end; define constant $integer-string-mappings = #[#[0, 10, "0"], #[1, 10, "1"], #[9, 10, "9"], #[1234, 10, "1234"], #[10, 16, "A"], #[-1, 10, "-1"], #[-9, 10, "-9"], #[-10, 10, "-10"], #[-1234, 10, "-1234"], #[-10, 16, "-A"]]; define test test-integer-to-string () for (integer-mapping in $integer-string-mappings) let integer = integer-mapping[0]; let base = integer-mapping[1]; let string = integer-mapping[2]; check-equal(format-to-string("integer-to-string(%d)", integer), integer-to-string(integer, base: base), string) end; check-equal("integer-to-string(10, size: 6)", integer-to-string(10, size: 6), "000010"); check-equal("integer-to-string(10, size: 6, fill: ' ')", integer-to-string(10, size: 6, fill: ' '), " 10"); check-equal("integer-to-string(127, base: 2, size: 8)", integer-to-string(127, base: 2, size: 8), "01111111"); check-no-errors("integer-to-string($minimum-integer)", integer-to-string($minimum-integer)); check-no-errors("integer-to-string($maximum-integer)", integer-to-string($maximum-integer)); end test; define test test-number-to-string () //--- Fill this in... end test; define test test-one-of () let new-type = #f; check-instance?("one-of returns type", <type>, new-type := one-of(#"one", #t)); check-instance?(format-to-string("%s is one-of(%=, #t)", #"one", #"one"), new-type, #"one"); check-instance?(format-to-string("#t is one-of(%=, #t)", #"one"), new-type, #t); check-false(format-to-string("#f is one-of(%=, #t)", #"one"), instance?(#f, new-type)); end test; define test test-position () //---* Do all collections by using dylan-test-suite collection code for (sequence in #[#(1, 'a', 34.43, 'a', "done"), #[1, 'a', 34.43, 'a', "done"], "xaxad"]) check-equal("test position", position(sequence, 'a'), 1); check-equal("test position with skip of 1", position(sequence, 'a', skip: 1), 3); check-false("test position with wrong item", position(sequence, 'w')); check-false("test position with skip greater than existence", position(sequence, 'a', skip: 2)); check-equal("test position with start at first", position(sequence, 'a', start: 1), 1); check-equal("test position with start beyond first", position(sequence, 'a', start: 2), 3); check-false("test position with end", position(sequence, 'a', end: 1)); check-false("test position with skip and end", position(sequence, 'a', end: 3, skip: 1)); end for; check-equal("test position using test: \\<", position(#(1, 2, 3, 4), 3, test: \<), 3); end test; define test test-split () // a character separator should act the same as a string separator that // contains only that character... for (separator in #('/', "/")) local method fmt (name) format-to-string("%s, sep = %=", name, separator); end; check-equal(fmt("split empty string"), split("", separator), #[""]); check-equal(fmt("split single character"), split("a", separator), #["a"]); check-equal(fmt("split two characters"), split("a/b", separator), #["a", "b"]); check-equal(fmt("split multiple single characters"), split("a/b/c/d/e/f/g", separator), #["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g"]); check-equal(fmt("split single word"), split("hello", separator), #["hello"]); check-equal(fmt("split two words"), split("hello/world", separator), #["hello", "world"]); check-equal(fmt("split three words"), split("major/minor/build", separator), #["major", "minor", "build"]); check-equal(fmt("split multiple words"), split("x=100/y=200/width=30/height=10", separator), #["x=100", "y=200", "width=30", "height=10"]); check-equal(fmt("split only the separator character"), split("/", separator), #["", ""]); check-equal(fmt("split a/"), split("a/", separator), #["a", ""]); check-equal(fmt("split /b"), split("/b", separator), #["", "b"]); check-equal(fmt("split with double separator"), split("major//build", separator), #["major", "", "build"]); check-equal(fmt("split with spaces"), split(" major / minor / build ", separator), #[" major ", " minor ", " build "]); check-equal(fmt("split with start"), split("123456789/123456789", separator, start: 1), #["23456789", "123456789"]); check-equal(fmt("split with end"), split("012/456789", separator, end: 8), #["012", "4567"]); check-equal(fmt("split with start and end"), split("012/456789", separator, start: 2, end: 8), #["2", "4567"]); check-equal(fmt("split with count"), split("1/2/3/4", separator, count: 2), #["1", "2/3/4"]); check-equal(fmt("split with count and start"), split("1/2/3/4", separator, count: 2, start: 2), #["2", "3/4"]); check-equal(fmt("split with count and end"), split("1/2/3/4", separator, count: 2, end: 5), #["1", "2/3"]); check-equal(fmt("split with count, start, and end"), split("1/2/3/4", separator, count: 2, start: 2, end: 5), #["2", "3"]); check-equal(fmt("split with count = 1"), split("a/b/c/d", separator, count: 1), #["a/b/c/d"]); check-equal(fmt("split with remove-if-empty?: #t"), split("/a/b/", separator, remove-if-empty?: #t), #["a", "b"]); check-equal(fmt("split with remove-if-empty?: #t and separator only"), split("/", separator, remove-if-empty?: #t), #[]); check-equal(fmt("split with remove-if-empty?: #t and separators only"), split("///", separator, remove-if-empty?: #t), #[]); check-equal(fmt("split with remove-if-empty?: #t and start, only separator"), split("a/", separator, start: 1, remove-if-empty?: #t), #[]); check-equal(fmt("split with remove-if-empty?: #t and start"), split("/a", separator, start: 1, remove-if-empty?: #t), #["a"]); check-equal(fmt("split with remove-if-empty?: #t and end, only separator"), split("/a", separator, end: 1, remove-if-empty?: #t), #[]); check-equal(fmt("split with remove-if-empty?: #t and end"), split("a/", separator, end: 1, remove-if-empty?: #t), #["a"]); check-equal(fmt("split with remove-if-empty?: #t and count"), split("/a/b", separator, count: 1, remove-if-empty?: #t), #["a/b"]); check-equal(fmt("split with remove-if-empty?: #t and count, only separator character"), split("/", separator, count: 1, remove-if-empty?: #t), #[]); check-equal(fmt("split with test"), split("a/", separator, test: \~==), #["", "/"]); check-equal(fmt("split with separator not found"), split("abc", "x"), #["abc"]); end for; check-condition("split with empty separator signals?", <error>, split("abc", "")); check-condition("split with splitter that returns same indices signals?", <error>, split("abc", method (_, bpos, _) values(bpos, bpos) end)); check-equal("split with separator crossing start:", split("xxx one xxx two xxx", "xxx", start: 1), #["xx one ", " two ", ""]); check-equal("split with separator crossing end:", split("xxx one xxx two xxx", "xxx", end: 17), #["", " one ", " two x"]); check-equal("split with separator crossing start: and end:", split("xxx one xxx two xxx", "xxx", start: 1, end: 17), #["xx one ", " two x"]); end test; define benchmark benchmark-split () local // Would be nice to provide this separator function in common-dylan, or to // provide an easy way to make a separator function from // strings/whitespace? or from a set of elements or... method find-whitespace (big :: <string>, bpos :: <integer>, epos :: <integer>) => (bpos :: false-or(<integer>), _end :: false-or(<integer>)) iterate loop (pos = bpos, start = #f) if (member?(big[pos], " \t")) loop(pos + 1, pos) elseif (start) values(start, pos) end // else values(#f, #f) end end method; benchmark-repeat(iterations: 1000) split("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.", find-whitespace); end; end benchmark; define test test-join () let abc = #("a", "b", "c"); for (separator in #("blah", #[1], #(1)), expected in #("", #[], #())) check-equal("join empty sequence return type", join(#[], separator), expected); end; check-equal("basic join", "a, b, c", join(abc, ", ")); check-equal("join of one element", "singleton", join(#("singleton"), " ")); check-equal("join with conjunction", "a, b and c", join(abc, ", ", conjunction: " and ")); check-equal("join with key", "1, 2, 3", join(#(1, 2, 3), ", ", key: integer-to-string)); check-equal("join with conjunction and key", "1, 2 and 3", join(#(1, 2, 3), ", ", conjunction: " and ", key: integer-to-string)); end test; define test test-remove-all-keys! () //---* Do all collections by using dylan-test-suite collection code end test; define test test-string-to-integer () for (integer-mapping in $integer-string-mappings) let integer = integer-mapping[0]; let base = integer-mapping[1]; let string = integer-mapping[2]; check-equal(format-to-string("string-to-integer(%s)", string), string-to-integer(string, base: base), integer) end; check-no-errors("string-to-integer of minimum integer", string-to-integer(integer-to-string($minimum-integer))); check-no-errors("string-to-integer of maximum integer", string-to-integer(integer-to-string($maximum-integer))); end test; define test test-subclass () let new-type = #f; check-instance?("subclass returns type", <type>, new-type := subclass(<string>)); check-instance?(format-to-string("<string> is subclass(<string>)"), new-type, <string>); check-instance?(format-to-string("<byte-string> is subclass(<string>)"), new-type, <byte-string>); check-false(format-to-string("<object> is not subclass(<string>)"), instance?(<object>, new-type)); end test; define test test-fill-table! () let table = make(<table>); check-equal("fill-table(...) returns the table", fill-table!(table, #[0, "Zero", 1, "One"]), table); check-equal("table(...)[0] = \"Zero\"", table[0], "Zero"); check-equal("table(...)[1] = \"One\"", table[1], "One"); end test; // Application startup handling define test test-application-name () check-instance?("application-name returns #f or a string", false-or(<string>), application-name()); end test; define test test-application-filename () let filename = application-filename(); check-true("application-filename returns #f or a valid, existing file name", ~filename \| file-exists?(filename)); end test; define test test-application-arguments () check-instance?("application-arguments returns a sequence", <sequence>, application-arguments()); end test; define test test-tokenize-command-line () //---* Fill this in... end test; define test test-exit-application () //---* Fill this in... end test; define test test-register-application-exit-function () //---* Fill this in... end test; define test test-unfound () //---* Fill this in... end test; define test test-unfound? () check-true("unfound?($unfound)", unfound?($unfound)); check-false("unfound?(#f) == #f", unfound?(#f)); check-false("unfound?(#t) == #f", unfound?(#t)); end test; define test test-found? () check-false("found?($unfound) is false", found?($unfound)); check-true("found?(#f)", found?(#f)); check-true("found?(#t)", found?(#t)); end test; define test test-unsupplied () //---* Fill this in... end test; define test test-unsupplied? () check-true("unsupplied?($unsupplied)", unsupplied?($unsupplied)); check-false("unsupplied?(#f) == #f", unsupplied?(#f)); check-false("unsupplied?(#t) == #f", unsupplied?(#t)); end test; define test test-supplied? () //---* Fill this in... end test; define test test-true? () //---* Fill this in... end test; define test test-false? () //---*** Fill this in... end test; /// simple-format module define test test-format-out () check-false("format-out doesn't crash", format-out("Hello")); check-condition("format-out crashes when missing an argument", <error>, format-out("Hello %s")); check-condition("format-out crashes with argument of wrong type", <error>, format-out("Hello %c", 10)); check-condition("format-out crashes with invalid directive %z", <error>, format-out("Hello %z", 10)); end test; define test test-format-to-string () check-instance?("format-to-string returns a string", <string>, format-to-string("Hello")); check-condition("format-to-string crashes when missing an argument", <error>, format-to-string("Hello %s")); check-condition("format-to-string crashes with argument of wrong type", <error>, format-to-string("Hello %c", 10)); check-condition("format-to-string crashes with invalid directive %z", <error>, format-to-string("Hello %z", 10)); check-equal("format-to-string(\"%d\", 10)", format-to-string("%d", 10), "10"); check-equal("format-to-string(\"%b\", 7)", format-to-string("%b", 7), "111"); check-equal("format-to-string(\"%o\", 16)", format-to-string("%o", 16), "20"); check-equal("format-to-string(\"%x\", 257)", format-to-string("%x", 257), "101"); check-equal("format-to-string(\"%c\", 'a')", format-to-string("%c", 'a'), "a"); check-equal("format-to-string(\"%%\")", format-to-string("%%"), "%"); format-object-tests(); format-function-tests(); end test; define constant $format-object-mappings = vector(vector(10, "10", "10"), vector('a', "a", "'a'"), vector('Z', "Z", "'Z'"), vector(#"symbol", "#\"symbol\""), vector(#"symbol", "#\"symbol\""), vector(#f, "#f"), vector(#t, "#t"), vector(<object>, "<object>", "{<class>: <object>}"), vector(find-key, "find-key", "{<incremental-generic-function>: find-key}"), vector("10", "10", "\"10\"")); define constant $format-complex-object-mappings = vector(vector(#(), "size 0"), vector(pair(1, 2), "1, 2"), vector(range(from: 0, to: 10), "0 to 10"), vector(range(from: 10, to: 1, by: -1), "10 to 1 by -1"), vector(range(from: 10, by: -1), "10 by -1"), vector(make(<array>, dimensions: #(2, 3)), "2 x 3"), vector(as(<vector>, #(1, 'a', "Hello")), "1, 'a', \"Hello\""), vector(singleton(10), "10"), vector(type-union(<integer>, <string>), "<integer>, <string>"), vector(type-union(singleton(#f), <string>), "#f, <string>")); define function test-print-name (object, pretty-name :: <string>, unique-name :: <string>) => () check-equal(format-to-string("format-to-string(\"%%s\", %s)", unique-name), format-to-string("%s", object), pretty-name); check-equal(format-to-string("format-to-string(\"%%=\", %s)", unique-name), format-to-string("%=", object), unique-name); end function test-print-name; define function format-object-tests () => () for (mapping in $format-object-mappings) let object = mapping[0]; let pretty-name = mapping[1]; let unique-name = if (size(mapping) = 3) mapping[2] else pretty-name end; test-print-name(object, pretty-name, unique-name) end; for (mapping in $format-complex-object-mappings) let object = mapping[0]; let class-name = format-to-string("%s", object-class(object)); let unique-name = format-to-string("{%s: %s}", class-name, mapping[1]); test-print-name(object, unique-name, unique-name) end; let type = type-union(<string>, type-union(singleton(10), <character>)); let class-name = format-to-string("%s", object-class(type)); let expected-name = format-to-string("{%s: <string>, {%s: 10, <character>}}", class-name, class-name); test-print-name(type, expected-name, expected-name) end function format-object-tests; define generic test-print-1 () => (); define generic test-print-2 (); define generic test-print-3 (a :: <integer>) => num; define generic test-print-4 (a :: <number>, #rest args) => (num :: <integer>); define generic test-print-5 (a :: <string>, #key test) => (num :: <integer>, #rest vals); define generic test-print-6 (a :: <string>, #key #all-keys) => (#rest vals :: <string>); define generic test-print-7 (a :: subclass(<string>)) => (); define generic test-print-8 (a :: false-or(<string>)) => (); define generic test-print-9 (a :: type-union(<integer>, <float>)) => (); define generic test-print-10 (a :: one-of(#"a", #"b")) => (); define generic test-print-11 (a :: limited(<integer>, min: 0), b :: limited(<integer>, max: 64)) => (c :: limited(<integer>, min: 0, max: 64)); define generic test-print-12 (a :: limited(<vector>, of: <float>), b :: limited(<vector>, of: <double-float>, size: 4)) => (c :: false-or(limited(<array>, of: <float>, dimensions: #[2, 2]))); define method test-print-1 () => () end method test-print-1; define method test-print-2 () end method test-print-2; define method test-print-3 (a :: <integer>) => (num) #f end method test-print-3; define method test-print-4 (a :: <number>, #rest args) => (num :: <integer>) 0 end method test-print-4; define method test-print-5 (a :: <string>, #key test) => (num :: <integer>, #rest vals) 0 end method test-print-5; define method test-print-6 (a :: <string>, #key #all-keys) => (#rest vals :: <string>) end method test-print-6; define method test-print-7 (a :: subclass(<string>)) => () end method test-print-7; define method test-print-8 (a :: false-or(<string>)) => () end method test-print-8; define method test-print-9 (a :: type-union(<integer>, <float>)) => () end method test-print-9; define method test-print-10 (a :: one-of(#"a", #"b")) => () end method test-print-10; define method test-print-11 (a :: limited(<integer>, min: 0), b :: limited(<integer>, max: 64)) => (c :: limited(<integer>, min: 0, max: 64)) 0 end method test-print-11; define method test-print-12 (a :: limited(<vector>, of: <float>), b :: limited(<vector>, of: <double-float>, size: 4)) => (c :: false-or(limited(<array>, of: <float>, dimensions: #[2, 2]))) #f end method test-print-12; define constant $format-function-mappings = vector(vector(test-print-1, "{<sealed-generic-function>: test-print-1}", "{<simple-method>: ??? () => ()}"), vector(test-print-2, "{<sealed-generic-function>: test-print-2}", "{<simple-method>: ??? () => (#rest)}"), vector(test-print-3, "{<sealed-generic-function>: test-print-3}", "{<simple-method>: ??? (<integer>) => (<object>)}"), vector(test-print-4, "{<sealed-generic-function>: test-print-4}", "{<simple-method>: ??? (<number>, #rest) => (<integer>)}"), vector(test-print-5, "{<sealed-generic-function>: test-print-5}", "{<keyword-method>: ??? (<string>, #key test:) => (<integer>, #rest)}"), vector(test-print-6, "{<sealed-generic-function>: test-print-6}", "{<keyword-method>: ??? (<string>, #key #all-keys) => (#rest <string>)}"), vector(test-print-7, "{<sealed-generic-function>: test-print-7}", "{<simple-method>: ??? (subclass(<string>)) => ()}"), vector(test-print-8, "{<sealed-generic-function>: test-print-8}", "{<simple-method>: ??? (false-or(<string>)) => ()}"), vector(test-print-9, "{<sealed-generic-function>: test-print-9}", "{<simple-method>: ??? (type-union(<integer>, <float>)) => ()}"), vector(test-print-10, "{<sealed-generic-function>: test-print-10}", "{<simple-method>: ??? (one-of(#\"a\", #\"b\")) => ()}"), vector(test-print-11, "{<sealed-generic-function>: test-print-11}", "{<simple-method>: ??? (limited(<integer>, min: 0), limited(<integer>, max: 64)) => (limited(<integer>, min: 0, max: 64))}"), vector(test-print-12, "{<sealed-generic-function>: test-print-12}", "{<simple-method>: ??? (limited(<simple-vector>, of: <float>), limited(<simple-vector>, of: <double-float>, size: 4)) => (false-or(limited(<array>, of: <float>, dimensions: #[2, 2])))}")); define function format-function-tests () => () for (mapping in $format-function-mappings) let gf = mapping[0]; let gf-expected-text = mapping[1]; check-equal(format-to-string("format-to-string(\"%%=\", %s)", gf-expected-text), format-to-string("%=", gf), gf-expected-text); let meth = generic-function-methods(gf).first; let meth-expected-text = mapping[2]; check-equal(format-to-string("format-to-string(\"%%=\", %s)", meth-expected-text), format-to-string("%=", meth), meth-expected-text); end for; end function format-function-tests; /// simple-random tests /---** andrewa: not used yet... define method chi-square (N :: <integer>, range :: <integer>) => (chi-square :: <integer>) let f = make(<simple-object-vector>, size: range, fill: 0); for (i from 0 below N) let rand = random(range); f[rand] := f[rand] + 1; end; let t = 0; for (i from 0 below range) t := t + f[i] * f[i] end; floor/(range * t, N) - N end method chi-square; / define test test-random () // We should use chi-square somehow, but we don't want it to be slow. // Also, what value should it be returning? //--- Fill this in... end test; /// simple-profiling tests define test test-start-profiling () //---* Fill this in... end test; define test test-start-profiling-type () //---* Fill this in... end test; define test test-stop-profiling () //---* Fill this in... end test; define test test-stop-profiling-type () //---* Fill this in... end test; define test test-profiling-type-result () //---* Fill this in... end test; /// finalization tests define test test-drain-finalization-queue () //---* Fill this in... end test; define test test-finalize () //---* Fill this in... end test; define test test-finalize-when-unreachable () //---* Fill this in... end test; define test test-automatic-finalization-enabled?-setter () //---* Fill this in... end test; define test test-automatic-finalization-enabled? () //---*** Fill this in... end test; /// Numerics define test test-integer-length () for (i from 0 below 27) let v1 = ash(1, i) - 1; check-equal(format-to-string("integer-length(%d) is %d", v1, i), i, integer-length(v1)); let v2 = ash(1, i); check-equal(format-to-string("integer-length(%d) is %d", v2, i + 1), i + 1, integer-length(v2)); let v3 = - ash(1, i); check-equal(format-to-string("integer-length(%d) is %d", v3, i), i, integer-length(v3)); let v4 = -1 - ash(1, i); check-equal(format-to-string("integer-length(%d) is %d", v4, i + 1), i + 1, integer-length(v4)); end for; end test; // Ensure that a number is written to memory in order to dispose of // any hidden bits in floating-point intermediate values define variable temp :: <float> = 0.0; define not-inline function store-float (x :: <float>) => (the-x :: <float>) temp := x; sequence-point(); temp; end function; // TODO(cgay): separate into multiple tests instead with-test-unit, which is a no-op. define test test-float-radix () // Based on the algorithm in: // Malcolm, M. A. Algorithms to reveal properties of floating-point // arithmetic. Comm. ACM 15, 11 (Nov. 1972), 949-951. // http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/355606.361870 // with improvements (namely the use of store-float) suggested in: // Gentlemen, W. Morven, Scott B. Marovich. More on algorithms // that reveal properties of floating point arithmetic units. // Comm. ACM 17, 5 (May 1974), 276-277. // http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/360980.361003 with-test-unit ("float-radix on <single-float>") // Test successive powers of two until we find the first one in // the region where integers are no longer exactly representable let a :: <single-float> = for (a :: <single-float> = 1.0s0 then a + a, while: store-float(store-float(a + 1.0s0) - a) = 1.0s0) finally a end for; // Add successive powers of two to a until we find the successor // floating point number beyond a; a and its successor differ by // beta let ibeta :: <integer> = for (b :: <single-float> = 1.0s0 then b + b, while: zero?(store-float(store-float(a + b) - a))) finally floor(store-float(store-float(a + b) - a)) end; check-equal("float-radix for <single-float> matches ibeta", ibeta, float-radix(1.0s0)); end with-test-unit; with-test-unit ("float-radix on <double-float>") // Test successive powers of two until we find the first one in // the region where integers are no longer exactly representable let a :: <double-float> = for (a :: <double-float> = 1.0d0 then a + a, while: store-float(store-float(a + 1.0d0) - a) = 1.0d0) finally a end for; // Add successive powers of two to a until we find the successor // floating point number beyond a; a and its successor differ by // beta let ibeta :: <integer> = for (b :: <double-float> = 1.0d0 then b + b, while: zero?(store-float(store-float(a + b) - a))) finally floor(store-float(store-float(a + b) - a)) end; check-equal("float-radix for <double-float> matches ibeta", ibeta, float-radix(1.0d0)); end with-test-unit; end test; define test test-float-digits () check-true("float-digits(1.0d0) is at least as much as float-digits(1.0s0)", float-digits(1.0d0) >= float-digits(1.0s0)); end test; define test test-float-precision () check-true("float-precision(0.0s0) is zero", zero?(float-precision(0.0s0))); check-true("float-precision(0.0d0) is zero", zero?(float-precision(0.0d0))); check-equal("float-precision and float-digits are the same" " for normalized single floats", float-precision(1.0s0), float-digits(1.0s0)); check-equal("float-precision and float-digits are the same" " for normalized double floats", float-precision(1.0d0), float-digits(1.0d0)); end test; // TODO(cgay): separate into multiple tests instead with-test-unit, which is a no-op. define test test-decode-float () let single-beta :: <single-float> = as(<single-float>, float-radix(1.0s0)); with-test-unit ("decode-float of <single-float> radix") let (significand :: <single-float>, exponent :: <integer>, sign :: <single-float>) = decode-float(single-beta); check-equal("significand for <single-float> radix = 1 / radix", 1.0s0 / single-beta, significand); check-equal("exponent for <single-float> radix = 2", 2, exponent); check-equal("sign for <single-float> radix = 1.0s0", 1.0s0, sign); end with-test-unit; with-test-unit ("decode-float of <single-float> subnormal") let single-subnormal :: <single-float> = encode-single-float(as(<machine-word>, #x1)); let (significand :: <single-float>, exponent :: <integer>, sign :: <single-float>) = decode-float(single-subnormal); check-equal("significand for <single-float> subnormal = 1 / radix", 1.0s0 / single-beta, significand); check-equal("exponent for <single-float> subnormal = -148", -148, exponent); check-equal("sign for <single-float> subnormal = 1.0s0", 1.0s0, sign); end with-test-unit; let double-beta :: <double-float> = as(<double-float>, float-radix(1.0d0)); with-test-unit ("decode-float of <double-float> radix") let (significand :: <double-float>, exponent :: <integer>, sign :: <double-float>) = decode-float(double-beta); check-equal("significand for <double-float> radix = 1 / radix", 1.0d0 / double-beta, significand); check-equal("exponent for <double-float> radix = 2", 2, exponent); check-equal("sign for <double-float> radix = 1.0d0", 1.0d0, sign); end with-test-unit; with-test-unit ("decode-float of <double-float> subnormal") let double-subnormal :: <double-float> = encode-double-float(as(<machine-word>, #x1), as(<machine-word>, #x0)); let (significand :: <double-float>, exponent :: <integer>, sign :: <double-float>) = decode-float(double-subnormal); check-equal("significand for <double-float> subnormal = 1 / radix", 1.0d0 / double-beta, significand); check-equal("exponent for <double-float> subnormal = -1073", -1073, exponent); check-equal("sign for <double-float> subnormal = 1.0d0", 1.0d0, sign); end with-test-unit; with-test-unit ("decode-float of <double-float> negative subnormal") let double-subnormal :: <double-float> = encode-double-float(as(<machine-word>, #x0), as(<machine-word>, #x80000001)); let (significand :: <double-float>, exponent :: <integer>, sign :: <double-float>) = decode-float(double-subnormal); check-equal("significand for <double-float> negative subnormal = 1 / radix", 1.0d0 / double-beta, significand); check-equal("exponent for <double-float> negative subnormal = -1041", -1041, exponent); check-equal("sign for <double-float> negative subnormal = -1.0d0", -1.0d0, sign); end with-test-unit; end test; define test test-scale-float () check-equal("scale-float(1.0s0, 1) is float-radix(1.0s0)", as(<single-float>, float-radix(1.0s0)), scale-float(1.0s0, 1)); check-equal("scale-float(-1.0s0, 1) is -float-radix(1.0s0)", as(<single-float>, -float-radix(1.0s0)), scale-float(-1.0s0, 1)); check-equal("scale-float(1.0d0, 1) is float-radix(1.0d0)", as(<double-float>, float-radix(1.0d0)), scale-float(1.0d0, 1)); check-equal("scale-float(-1.0d0, 1) is -float-radix(1.0d0)", as(<double-float>, -float-radix(1.0d0)), scale-float(-1.0d0, 1)); end test; define inline function classify-single-float (bits) => (classification :: <float-classification>) classify-float(encode-single-float(as(<machine-word>, bits))) end function classify-single-float; define inline function classify-double-float (low-bits, high-bits) => (classification :: <float-classification>) classify-float(encode-double-float(as(<machine-word>, low-bits), as(<machine-word>, high-bits))) end function classify-double-float; // These values came from http://www.astro.umass.edu/~weinberg/a732/notes07_01.pdf define test test-classify-float () assert-equal(classify-single-float(#x00000000), #"zero"); assert-equal(classify-single-float(#x80000000), #"zero"); assert-equal(classify-single-float(#x7f800000), #"infinite"); assert-equal(classify-single-float(#xff800000), #"infinite"); assert-equal(classify-single-float(#x00000001), #"subnormal"); assert-equal(classify-single-float(#x007fffff), #"subnormal"); assert-equal(classify-single-float(#x00800000), #"normal"); assert-equal(classify-single-float(#x7f7fffff), #"normal"); assert-equal(classify-single-float(#x7fc00000), #"nan"); assert-equal(classify-double-float(#x00000000, #x00000000), #"zero"); assert-equal(classify-double-float(#x00000000, #x80000000), #"zero"); assert-equal(classify-double-float(#x00000000, #x7ff00000), #"infinite"); assert-equal(classify-double-float(#x00000000, #xfff00000), #"infinite"); assert-equal(classify-double-float(#x00000001, #x00000000), #"subnormal"); assert-equal(classify-double-float(#xffffffff, #x000fffff), #"subnormal"); assert-equal(classify-double-float(#x00000000, #x00100000), #"normal"); assert-equal(classify-double-float(#xffffffff, #x7fefffff), #"normal"); assert-equal(classify-double-float(#x00000000, #x7ff80000), #"nan"); end test; define suite common-dylan-functions-test-suite () test test-concatenate!; test test-condition-to-string; test test-debug-message; test test-difference; test test-false-or; test test-find-element; test test-float-to-string; test test-ignorable; test test-ignore; test test-integer-to-string; test test-number-to-string; test test-one-of; test test-position; test test-split; test test-join; test test-remove-all-keys!; test test-string-to-integer; test test-subclass; test test-fill-table!; test test-application-name; test test-application-filename; test test-application-arguments; test test-tokenize-command-line; test test-exit-application; test test-register-application-exit-function; test test-unfound; test test-unfound?; test test-found?; test test-unsupplied; test test-unsupplied?; test test-supplied?; test test-true?; test test-false?; test test-format-out; test test-format-to-string; test test-random; test test-start-profiling; test test-start-profiling-type; test test-stop-profiling; test test-stop-profiling-type; test test-profiling-type-result; test test-drain-finalization-queue; test test-finalize; test test-finalize-when-unreachable; test test-automatic-finalization-enabled?-setter; test test-automatic-finalization-enabled?; test test-integer-length; test test-float-radix; test test-float-digits; test test-float-precision; test test-decode-float; test test-scale-float; test test-classify-float; end;	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
The Flaw in the Plan Both Harry and Voldemort regain consciousness in the Forest. Harry pretends to be dead. Narcissa Malfoy is ordered to check on Harry. She sees that he is alive, but quietly asks him if Draco is alive. Harry tells her that her son is indeed alive and she tells Voldemort that Harry is dead. Hagrid is forced to carry Harry’s body up to the castle, where Voldemort displays him to the defenders of the castle in an attempt to break their will to resist. Neville confronts Voldemort, and refuses to join him. Voldemort hits him with a Body-Binding jinx and puts the Sorting Hat on his head. Voldemort declares there will be no more Sorting at Hogwarts and set the Hat on fire. Neville pulls Gryffindor’s sword out of the Hat and kills Nagini when Voldemort is distracted by the arrival of the centaurs. The battle resumes, and Voldemort is finally defeated by Harry. Calendar and Dates Still in the small hours of the same morning as the previous chapter. Interesting facts and notes More shades of the Stone Table sequence in The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, except that Voldemort had enough sense to wait until after his enemy was safely dead (supposedly) to make showy gestures like this. what sounded like hundreds of people came swarming over the out-of-sight walls and pelted toward the castle, uttering loud war-cries. And as long as I'm on the subject of scenes that remind me of other scenes from some of JKR's favourite books, this reminds me of the arrival of the eagles at the Battle of Five Armies in The Hobbit - an army of unexpected help arriving at the last moment in a desperate battle. 'Snape's Patronus was a doe,' said Harry, 'the same as my mother's I'm willing to take Harry's word for it that Lily's Patronus was a doe, and it certainly fits with what we saw earlier in the Pensieve (i.e., Snape conjuring his own Patronus to make the point that what he did was done for Lily's sake), but I don't recall that it was previously stated outright that Lily's Patronus was a doe. try for some remorse, Riddle... As Hermione learned from Secrets of the Darkest Art (DH6), this is what would be necessary for Riddle to put his soul back together again. Exceptional character moments Molly Weasley's duel with Bellatrix. Bellatrix is too arrogant to take Molly seriously. Tom Riddle, who doesn't understand love well enough to avoid making mistakes in handling the Malfoys and Snape, let alone to understand Harry or Albus Dumbledore. Harry asking Voldemort to have some remorse. Harry giving up the Elder Wand. Memorable lines "Hands, softer than he had been expecting, touched Harry's face, pulled back an eyelid, crept beneath his shirt, down to his chest and felt his heart." "Still feigning death on the ground, he understood. Narcissa knew that the only way she would be permitted to enter Hogwarts, and find her son, was as part of the conquering army. She no longer cared whether Voldemort won." "Is Draco alive? Is he in the castle?" "'NO!' The scream was the more terrible because he had never expected or dreamed that Professor McGonagall could make such a sound." "'You show spirit, and bravery, and you come of noble stock. You will make a very valuable Death Eater. We need your kind, Neville Longbottom.' 'I'll join you when hell freezes over,' said Neville." "'No, he was cleverer than you,' said Harry, 'a better wizard, a better man.'" "'Severus Snape wasn't yours,' said Harry. 'Snape was Dumbledore's, Dumbledore's from the moment you started hunting down my mother." "You're right. But before you try to kill me, I'd advise you to think about what you've done... think, and try for some remorse, Riddle..." "'So it all comes down to this, doesn't it?' whispered Harry. 'Does the wand in your hand know its last master was Disarmed? Because if it does... I am the true master of the Elder Wand.'" "Oooh, look, a Blibbering Humdinger!" "Really gives a feeling for the scope and tragedy of the thing, doesn't it?" "But Harry had eyes only for the man who stood in the largest portrait directly behind the Headmaster's chair. Tears were sliding down from behind the half-moon spectacles into the long silver beard, and the pride and the gratitude emanating from him filled Harry with the same balm as phoenix song." "A wise and courageous decision, but no less than I would have expected of you." Commentary Narcissa's lie to Voldemort is, I believe, one of the most surprising and one of the greatest moments in the series. She is a pure-blood witch. She, along with her husband, her sister Bellatrix and her son, had chosen to join Voldemort. But Narcissa has now seen what a world ruled by Voldemort could be like. The Malfoys did not gain anything from the rise of Voldemort because of Lucius's mistakes. Narcissa became at risk of losing what she cared for most, her son. When she tells Voldemort that Harry is dead, Harry believes it is because she no long cares who wins. I'm not sure if this is true. I think she has decided that she does not want Voldemort to win. Voldemort attempted to have Draco killed. Draco had been tortured and abused by him. True, Narcissa knows she can only go back to the castle as part of the victory parade, as it were. But she must also have realized that by allowing Harry to live, she was choosing a side. If Narcissa had told Voldemort that Harry was still alive, Voldemort may have succeeded in killing him. Harry at that point was basically alone with dozens of Death Eater surrounding him. Even Harry couldn't have escape death then. With Harry truly dead, Narcissa would have join the very real triumphant party carrying the body of Harry. Narcissa chose to keep Harry alive and by doing so, she chose to fight against Voldemort. She joins the lists of brave mothers, Lily, Molly, Andromeda, and Nymphadora, whose loves for their children drives them to fight and overcome evil. - C.M.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
The Government is to seek early repayment of €5.5 billion of loans taken under its 2010 EU-IMF bailout. It hopes to save around €150m by refinancing the money at cheaper rates, the Minister for Finance and Public Expenditure and Reform Paschal Donohoe said today. Minister Donohoe said the Government intends to repay early - and in full - its €4.5 billion International Monetary Fund loan. Bilateral loans from both Sweden and Denmark will also be repaid. These amount to €600m and €400m. The interest savings from these early repayments are estimated to be about €150m over the remaining lifetime of the loans. Minister Donohoe said he would not seek early repayment of a British bilateral bailout loan - worth €3.8 billion - as its fixed terms would not allow for any savings. He said the loan from Britain had a provision which was similar to a "break clause". The Minister said it would not be in Ireland's economic interest to repay the loan early. He added that Brexit was "not a factor" in the decision not to repay the loan to Britain. Improving debt sustainability Minister Donohoe said that officials from his department and the National Treasury Management Agency had been examining ways to improve the country's debt sustainability. He said early repayments of the loans will improve the country's debt sustainability, provide liquidity benefits and increase the ECB's purchase capacity for Irish bonds in its quantitative easing programme. "These early repayments - in particular the early IMF repayment - will mark another very significant milestone for Ireland as we move forward, signalling the strength of our economy and sovereign funding position generally," the Minister said. Early repayments of the loans will require agreement from the country's European lenders and Mr Donohoe said he will begin formal talks with the country's EU partners on the necessary waivers. Minister Donohoe also said he has been in contact with the IMF Managing Director Christine Lagarde who has confirmed her support for the early repayments. Speaking on RTÉ's News at One, Mr Donohoe said that the decision to repay the loans sooner is a "signature development" in showing Ireland's ability to repay its debts. He said that Ireland can now borrow money more cheaply on the markets and use this to repay IMF loans sooner, saving €150m. The likely saving made from this approach would not overtly affect the forthcoming Budget spending decisions, the Minister added, saying the magnitude of the saving will not become clear until later in the year. He said key to Budget 2018 is ensuring Ireland balances the books in "a very risky world, as this is key to keeping our people safe into the future". A total of €67.5 billion was loaned to Ireland under the EU-IMF programme in 2010. The National Treasury Management Agency said today that from a funding perspective, there is no immediate effect as the proposal is at request stage. "Early repayment of the loans requires agreement from our European lenders to waive the proportionate early repayment clauses in our respective loan agreements," a statement from the agency said. "Replacing Ireland's loans from the IMF, Sweden and Denmark further reduces our debt service costs, which have declined considerably in recent years," the NTMA's director of funding and debt management, Frank O’Connor. Mr O'Connor said that the NTMA has previously implemented arrangements to repay over €18 billion in IMF facilities to take advantage of reduced market borrowing costs and create savings for the Exchequer. "The Exchequer is in a healthy funding position. At end-August we had €20 billion in cash and liquid assets," he added. The ECB cut its monthly purchases of Irish bonds earlier this year after nearing a self-imposed limit of holding 33% of any country's debt, a pressure Ireland can help alleviate by issuing new eligible debt.	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Q: Access Vue.js component property inside Ajax function The following code refers to a component function which fetches data from an url and tries to set that data to a property. It's not working, seems like this is not accessible form the ajax clousure scope. var MyComp = Vue.extend({ props: { html_prop: {} .... }, methods: { fetchCondiciones: function(url){ $.ajax({ type: "GET", url: url, cache: false, data: vardata , success: function(data,status,error) { if( data!=''){ this.html_prop = data; } }, error: function(data,status,error){ alert(error); } }); } ... } }) How could I make this accessible? A: You need to .bind the this context, as the callback is not naturally called in the context of the component: var MyComp = Vue.extend({ props: { html_prop: null, }, // .... fetchCondiciones: function(url){ $.ajax({ type: "GET", url: url, cache: false, data: vardata, success: function(data,status,error) { if(data != ''){ this.html_prop = data; } }.bind(this), // bind this here error: function(data,status,error){ alert(error); }.bind(this) // bind this here }); } // ... }); You can learn more about .bind and this here: https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_objects/Function/bind A: As already answered, .bind will fix the issue on this, however, I like to use a different approach, and store this in a variable before any Ajax calls or nested functions. Very helpful when your code grows inside the method. It is also easier to read. You can save this to a var called self for example. Then use self anywhere inside that method without a problem. var MyComp = Vue.extend({ props: { html_prop: null, }, // .... fetchCondiciones: function(url){ var self = this; $.ajax({ type: "GET", url: url, cache: false, data: vardata, success: function(data,status,error) { if(data != ''){ self.html_prop = data; } } error: function(data,status,error){ alert(error); } }); } // ... }); UPDATE: Today we could just use ES6 arrow function syntax. The value of this inside the function is determined by the surrounding scope, and there is no need to create a new variable, or to use bind: // .... fetchCondiciones: url => { $.ajax({ type: "GET", url: url, cache: false, data: vardata, success: (data,status,error) => { if(data != ''){ this.html_prop = data; } } error: (data,status,error) => { alert(error); } }); } Or: // .... fetchCondiciones(url) { $.ajax({ type: "GET", url: url, cache: false, data: vardata, success(data,status,error) { if(data != ''){ this.html_prop = data; } } error(data,status,error) { alert(error); } }); }	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
/* Copyright (C) 2002 Andrea Mazzoleni ( http://advancemame.sf.net ) Copyright (C) 2001-4 Igor Pavlov ( http://www.7-zip.org ) This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 2.1 as published by the Free Software Foundation. This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA / #ifndef __STREAM_INBYTE_H #define __STREAM_INBYTE_H #include "iiostrm.h" namespace NStream { class CInByte { UINT64 m_ProcessedSize; BYTE m_BufferBase; UINT32 m_BufferSize; BYTE m_Buffer; BYTE m_BufferLimit; ISequentialInStream* m_Stream; bool m_StreamWasExhausted; bool ReadBlock(); public: CInByte(UINT32 aBufferSize = 0x100000); ~CInByte(); void Init(ISequentialInStream aStream); bool ReadByte(BYTE &aByte) { if(m_Buffer >= m_BufferLimit) if(!ReadBlock()) return false; aByte = m_Buffer++; return true; } BYTE ReadByte() { if(m_Buffer >= m_BufferLimit) if(!ReadBlock()) return 0x0; return m_Buffer++; } void ReadBytes(void aData, UINT32 aSize, UINT32 &aProcessedSize) { for(aProcessedSize = 0; aProcessedSize < aSize; aProcessedSize++) if (!ReadByte(((BYTE )aData)[aProcessedSize])) return; } bool ReadBytes(void aData, UINT32 aSize) { UINT32 aProcessedSize; ReadBytes(aData, aSize, aProcessedSize); return (aProcessedSize == aSize); } UINT64 GetProcessedSize() const { return m_ProcessedSize + (m_Buffer - m_BufferBase); } }; } #endif	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
// RUN: %clang_cc1 -fsyntax-only -verify %s struct X { int& f(int) const; // expected-note 2 {{candidate function}} float& f(int); // expected-note 2 {{candidate function}} void test_f(int x) const { int& i = f(x); } void test_f2(int x) { float& f2 = f(x); } int& g(int) const; // expected-note 2 {{candidate function}} float& g(int); // expected-note 2 {{candidate function}} static double& g(double); // expected-note 2 {{candidate function}} void h(int); void test_member() { float& f1 = f(0); float& f2 = g(0); double& d1 = g(0.0); } void test_member_const() const { int &i1 = f(0); int &i2 = g(0); double& d1 = g(0.0); } static void test_member_static() { double& d1 = g(0.0); g(0); // expected-error{{call to 'g' is ambiguous}} } }; void test(X x, const X xc, X* xp, const X* xcp, volatile X xv, volatile X* xvp) { int& i1 = xc.f(0); int& i2 = xcp->f(0); float& f1 = x.f(0); float& f2 = xp->f(0); xv.f(0); // expected-error{{no matching member function for call to 'f'}} xvp->f(0); // expected-error{{no matching member function for call to 'f'}} int& i3 = xc.g(0); int& i4 = xcp->g(0); float& f3 = x.g(0); float& f4 = xp->g(0); double& d1 = xp->g(0.0); double& d2 = X::g(0.0); X::g(0); // expected-error{{call to 'g' is ambiguous}} X::h(0); // expected-error{{call to non-static member function without an object argument}} } struct X1 { int& member(); float& member() const; }; struct X2 : X1 { }; void test_X2(X2 x2p, const X2 cx2p) { int &ir = x2p->member(); float &fr = cx2p->member(); } // Tests the exact text used to note the candidates namespace test1 { class A { template <class T> void foo(T t, unsigned N); // expected-note {{candidate function [with T = int] not viable: no known conversion from 'const char [6]' to 'unsigned int' for 2nd argument}} void foo(int n, char N); // expected-note {{candidate function not viable: no known conversion from 'const char [6]' to 'char' for 2nd argument}} void foo(int n, const char s, int t); // expected-note {{candidate function not viable: requires 3 arguments, but 2 were provided}} void foo(int n, const char s, int t, ...); // expected-note {{candidate function not viable: requires at least 3 arguments, but 2 were provided}} void foo(int n, const char s, int t, int u = 0); // expected-note {{candidate function not viable: requires at least 3 arguments, but 2 were provided}} void bar(double d); //expected-note {{candidate function not viable: 'this' argument has type 'const test1::A', but method is not marked const}} void bar(int i); //expected-note {{candidate function not viable: 'this' argument has type 'const test1::A', but method is not marked const}} void baz(A &d); // expected-note {{candidate function not viable: 1st argument ('const test1::A') would lose const qualifier}} void baz(int i); // expected-note {{candidate function not viable: no known conversion from 'const test1::A' to 'int' for 1st argument}} // PR 11857 void foo(int n); // expected-note {{candidate function not viable: requires single argument 'n', but 2 arguments were provided}} void foo(unsigned n = 10); // expected-note {{candidate function not viable: allows at most single argument 'n', but 2 arguments were provided}} void rab(double n, int u = 0); // expected-note {{candidate function not viable: requires at least argument 'n', but no arguments were provided}} void rab(int n, int u = 0); // expected-note {{candidate function not viable: requires at least argument 'n', but no arguments were provided}} void zab(double n = 0.0, int u = 0); // expected-note {{candidate function not viable: requires at most 2 arguments, but 3 were provided}} void zab(int n = 0, int u = 0); // expected-note {{candidate function not viable: requires at most 2 arguments, but 3 were provided}} }; void test() { A a; a.foo(4, "hello"); //expected-error {{no matching member function for call to 'foo'}} const A b = A(); b.bar(0); //expected-error {{no matching member function for call to 'bar'}} a.baz(b); //expected-error {{no matching member function for call to 'baz'}} a.rab(); //expected-error {{no matching member function for call to 'rab'}} a.zab(3, 4, 5); //expected-error {{no matching member function for call to 'zab'}} } } namespace b7398190 { struct S { int f(); // expected-note {{'this' argument has type 'const b7398190::S', but method is not marked const}} void f(int); // expected-note {{requires 1 argument, but 0 were provided}} }; const S p; int k = p->f(); // expected-error {{no matching member function for call to 'f'}} }	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
Basic Attention Token (BAT) – một đồng Token “đình đám” của Brave, trình duyệt web nổi tiếng được mệnh danh “dành riêng cho những người đam mê tiền điện tử”. Vậy chính xác Basic Attention Token là gì? Tạo ví lưu trữ và Mua bán đồng tiền BAT coin ở đâu? Sàn giao dịch nào uy tín, an toàn? Có nên đầu tư vào Basic Attention Token coin hay không? Bài viết dưới đây hãy cùng Tôi Yêu Bitcoin tìm hiểu nhé. Basic Attention Token (BAT) là gì? Basic Attention Token (ký hiệu: BAT) là một nền tảng quảng cáo kỹ thuật số phi tập trung và minh bạch được phát triển dựa trên Ethereum Blockchain. BAT là một mã token ERC20 được sử dụng làm đơn vị thanh toán và trả thưởng trong nền tảng của Basic Attention Token. Nền tảng BAT tập trung vào sự riêng tư của người dùng khi sử dụng trình duyệt web, hầu hết các trình duyệt phổ biến hiện nay đều theo dõi bạn, biết bạn đang tìm kiếm gì, xem nội dung gì, mua bán gì,.. Với trình duyệt Brave, người dùng hoàn toàn kiểm soát mọi thứ, loại bỏ hoàn toàn những bất tiện trên, nhưng vẫn mang lại trải nghiệm lướt web tốt, không có quảng cáo và nhanh chóng. Bạn được quyết định những dữ liệu quảng cáo nào sẽ được chia sẻ, đồng thời có thể tặng Token BAT cho những nhà phát triển nếu bạn thích nội dung của họ để khuyến khích họ tạo ra nhiều thông tin hữu ích hơn nữa. Đây cũng chính là những ý tưởng mà Brave tạo ra Basic Attention Token. Dự án Basic Attention Token thực hiện ICO mở bán Token BAT vào ngày 31/05/2017 và thu về khoảng 35 triệu USD trong chưa đầy 35 giây đầu tiên mở bán, đây được xem là một dự án ICO thành công nhất thời điểm bấy giờ. BAT Token được sử dụng như thế nào? BAT là token được sử dụng trong hệ thống Brave Payments với mục đích hỗ trợ cho các nhà xuất bản nội dung web. Đối với nhà quảng cáo : Họ sẽ giao dịch bằng $BAT để mua các không gian quảng cáo để giới thiệu sản phẩm. : Họ sẽ giao dịch bằng $BAT để mua các không gian quảng cáo để giới thiệu sản phẩm. Đối với nhà xuất bản và người viết nội dung : Họ sẽ nhận được doanh thu và các khoản đóng góp từ người dùng bằng $BAT. : Họ sẽ nhận được doanh thu và các khoản đóng góp từ người dùng bằng $BAT. Đối với người dùng: Họ sẽ được nhận $BAT cho những lượt xem của họ (chia sẻ doanh thu quảng cáo). Trong hệ sinh thái Basic Attention Token, khi người dùng lựa chọn xem quảng cáo họ sẽ nhận được một số lượng $BAT nhất định. Ví dụ: người dùng sẽ được chia 70% doanh thu cho mỗi quảng cáo được hiển thị qua “private ad slots” (vd như một tab quảng cáo cá nhân trên trình duyệt Brave). Basic Attention Token tích hợp vào Brave thế nào? Brave là một trình duyệt mã nguồn mở tập trung vào sự bảo mật và riêng tư của người dùng, ngăn chặn các quảng cáo và trình duyệt theo dõi của các bên thứ ba. Brave xây dựng một hệ thống như cuốn sổ cái để đo lường sự chú ý của người dùng và tính toán những phần thưởng tương đương cho các nhà xuất bản. Ứng dụng Brave hiện có sẵn trên Android, iOS, macOS, Windows và Linux. Brave tích hợp nền tảng BAT theo những cách sau: Brave Payments: Hiện tại, người dùng chọn thanh toán qua Brave sẽ có một chiếc ví BAT đơn chiều có thể gửi các khoản đóng góp bằng $BAT tới các nhà xuất bản và người sáng tạo nội dung (ví dụ như Youtubers). Những cập nhật trong tương lai sẽ bao gồm nâng cấp ví đa chiều cho phép người dùng chuyển $BAT ra khỏi ví. Theo mặc định, Brave Payments xác định những đóng góp của người dùng trình duyệt, tự động tính toán phân phối thanh toán vào cuối tháng. Người dùng cũng có thể ghim cụ thể số nhà xuất bản và nhà sáng tạo nội dung dựa theo thời gian xem nội dung của họ. BAT Ads: Người dùng lựa chọn tham gia vào BAT Ads sẽ được nhận một phần doanh thu từ quảng cáo dưới dạng $BAT. Những quảng cáo đến từ hệ sinh thái BAT chủ yếu sẽ được hiển thị ở các vị trí quảng cáo riêng (giống như các tab cá nhân) dưới dạng thông báo đẩy mạnh, nội dung toàn trang dưới dạng HTML5, trang đích và hơn thế nữa. Như đã nêu ở trên, người dùng sẽ nhận được 70% doanh thu từ việc xem quảng cáo ở các vùng quảng cáo riêng. Đội ngũ phát triển của dự án Basic Attention Token Dự án Basic Attention Token được tạo thành lập bởi Brendan Eich – người tạo ra ngôn ngữ lập trình JavaScript. Ông đồng sáng lập dự án Mozilla, Mozilla Foundation và Mozilla Corporation, và là Giám đốc điều hành của phần mềm Brave. Ngoài ra, dự án còn sở hữu những thành viên nổi bật khác như: Brian Bondy (Đồng sáng lập và trưởng kỹ sư trình duyệt), từng làm việc tại Khan Academy, Mozilla và Evernote. (Đồng sáng lập và trưởng kỹ sư trình duyệt), từng làm việc tại Khan Academy, Mozilla và Evernote. Yan Zhu (Kỹ sư bảo bật), từng làm việc tại Yahoo, dự án Tor, HTTPS Everywhere, Privacy Badger. (Kỹ sư bảo bật), từng làm việc tại Yahoo, dự án Tor, HTTPS Everywhere, Privacy Badger. Scott Locklin (Phụ trách phần Smart Contract BAT & Mảng kinh tế): Đồng sáng lập của Kerf Software. Tỷ giá của đồng tiền ảo BAT coin hiện tại Tại thời điểm mình viết bài này (24/10/2018), giá 1 BAT = $0,261375 USD với tổng vốn hoá thị trường là $261.374.813 USD và xếp hạng 36 trên CoinMarketCap. Đồng tiền kỹ thuật số BAT hiện đang có 1.000.000.000 BAT coin lưu hành trên thị trường, tổng cung là 1.500.000.000 BAT. Bạn có thể xem Tỷ giá BAT Coin được chúng tôi cập nhật theo thời gian thực 24/7 để nắm được biến động giá của đồng tiền ảo này nhé. Xem thêm: Bảng tỷ giá 2.000+ đồng coin theo thời gian thực 24/7 Tạo ví lưu trữ đồng BAT Token ở đâu an toàn nhất? Như mình đã đề cập bên trên, đồng tiền điện tử Basic Attention Token là một Token phát triển trên nền tảng Blockchain của Ethereum theo tiêu chuẩn ERC-20, vì thế bạn có thể tạo ví BAT coin và lưu trữ chúng trên các ví ETH có hỗ trợ ERC20. Một số ví ERC20 phổ biến nhất hiện nay như ImToken, Trust Wallet, MyEtherWallet, Metamask, Trezor, Ledger,.. Trong đó, ImToken là ví trên điện thoại uy tín và an toàn nhất, Trust Wallet cũng là một lựa chọn tốt, MEW là ví web thì phổ biến nhưng không an toàn. Ví lạnh Trezor và Ledger thì lại cực an toàn nhưng sẽ tốn phí để mua. Ngoài ra, nếu bạn thường xuyên mua bán BAT coin thì có thể trữ luôn trên ví của các sàn giao dịch để tiện cho việc mua bán, không phải chuyển đi chuyển lại, nhưng tất nhiên là mức độ an toàn của ví sàn sẽ không bằng ví riêng mình kể trên. Mua bán BAT coin ở đâu? Sàn giao dịch nào uy tín? Basic Attention Token coin là một đồng tiền mã hóa rất phổ biến, vì thế, nó được khá nhiều sàn giao dịch niêm yết và bạn chó thể lựa chọn một trong số các sàn sau nếu có nhu cầu mua bán BAT Token: Binance Bittrex Upbit IDCM Huobi CPDAX ABCC HitBTC Poloniex Ethfinex Bancor Network Bitrue Kyber Network Gate.io AirSwap Mercatox LATOKEN ZB.COM Cobinhood Livecoin Và một số sàn khác nữa, tại Việt Nam cũng có vài sàn cho phép mua bán BAT token bằng VNĐ nhưng cá nhân mình thì không thường sử dụng vì tính an toàn cũng như giá cả không tốt bằng sàn quốc tế. Trong những sàn trên, mình vẫn khuyến nghị bạn sử dụng Binance, vì phí giao dịch rẻ cũng như tính thanh khoản cao, hơn nữa là sàn có khối lượng giao dịch đồng BAT cao nhất. Ngoài ra thì Huobi Pro cũng là một lựa chọn uy tín, giá rẻ khác. Xem hướng dẫn về sàn Binance và Huobi dưới đây: Có nên đầu tư đồng tiền BAT coin không? Đánh giá Basic Attention Token trên các góc độ như ý tưởng công nghệ, các vấn thực tế nền tảng này giải quyết, đội ngũ phát triển và lộ trình xây dựng thì đây là một đồng tiền điện tử thực sự tiềm năng trong tương lai. Giá trị của BAT coin cũng tăng tưởng khá đều và ít bị thao túng như các đồng coin khác, tất nhiên, còn phụ thuộc vào tình hình của toàn bộ thị trường. Một thông tin khá quan trọng đối với đồng Basic Attention Token là sàn Coinbase đang cân nhắc sẽ niêm yết đồng coin này trên nền tảng của mình, Coinbase là sàn giao dịch tiền điện tử được cấp phép lớn nhất Hoa Kỳ, hầu hết các đồng coin khi được Coinbase niêm yết đều tăng mạnh, nếu BAT coin được lên Coinbase thì chắc chắn giá sẽ bay thủng nóc. Trên đây là những ý kiến đánh giá chủ quan của cá nhân mình, bạn có thể tham khảo và tự đưa ra quyết định có nên đầu tư Basic Attention Token hay không nhé. Tìm hiểu thêm thông tin về đồng coin BAT Website chính thức : https://basicattentiontoken.org/ : https://basicattentiontoken.org/ Trình duyệt Brave : https://brave.com/ : https://brave.com/ Whitepaper : https://basicattentiontoken.org/WhitePaper-4.pdf : https://basicattentiontoken.org/WhitePaper-4.pdf Check giao dịch : https://etherscan.io/token/Bat : https://etherscan.io/token/Bat Telegram : https://t.me/batproject : https://t.me/batproject Twitter : https://twitter.com/AttentionToken : https://twitter.com/AttentionToken Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/BATProject Lời kết Ok. Như vậy là mình đã chia sẻ xong toàn bộ những thông tin về đồng tiền kỹ thuật số Basic Attention Token coin rồi, hi vọng bài viết sẽ mang lại nhiều thông tin hữu ích cho bạn, để từ đó đưa ra quyết định đầu tư đúng đắn nhất. Nếu bạn cảm thấy bài viết “Basic Attention Token là gì? Tạo ví và Mua bán đồng tiền BAT Coin ở đâu? Có nên đầu tư BAT không?” bổ ích thì đừng quên Like, Share và đánh giá 5 sao để ủng hộ ToiYeuBitcoin nhé. Để lại bình luận phía dưới nếu bạn cần mình hỗ trợ bất cứ vấn đề gì. Chúc bạn thành công. Tham gia kênh của chúng tôi để cập nhật tin tức và kiến thức hữu ích nhất tại: Từ khóa tìm kiếm tới bài viết: Basic Attention Token la gi, đánh giá bat coin, dau tu bat token, mua ban basic attention token, mua bat coin, tao vi basic attention token, ví bat coin tốt nhất, cách kiếm bat token, hướng dẫn đào bat coin, dao bat coin, giá bat coin, dong bat, đồng tiền ảo bat coin, bán basic attention token, cách mua bat coin ở đâu, sàn giao dịch bat coin uy tín, mua basic attention token o dau, san bat coin, mở ví basic attention token, dong tien ao basic attention token, tiền bat coin, cách giao dịch basic attention token coin, ví bat coin uy tín, lập ví bat token, dang nhap vi basic attention token, tạo ví chứa bat, tiềm năng đồng basic attention token. Bài viết có tham khảo tư liệu từ Tradingig	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
/* * SystemJS Promise Polyfill / (function(define) { !function(e){"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=e():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(e):"undefined"!=typeof window?window.Promise=e():"undefined"!=typeof global?global.Promise=e():"undefined"!=typeof self&&(self.Promise=e())}(function(){var define,module,exports;return (function e(t,n,r){function s(o,u){if(!n[o]){if(!t[o]){var a=typeof require=="function"&&require;if(!u&&a)return a(o,!0);if(i)return i(o,!0);throw new Error("Cannot find module '"+o+"'")}var f=n[o]={exports:{}};t[o][0].call(f.exports,function(e){var n=t[o][1][e];return s(n?n:e)},f,f.exports,e,t,n,r)}return n[o].exports}var i=typeof require=="function"&&require;for(var o=0;o<r.length;o++)s(r[o]);return s})({1:[function(require,module,exports){ /* @license MIT License (c) copyright 2010-2014 original author or authors / /* @author Brian Cavalier / /* @author John Hann / /* * ES6 global Promise shim / var unhandledRejections = require('../lib/decorators/unhandledRejection'); var PromiseConstructor = unhandledRejections(require('../lib/Promise')); module.exports = typeof global != 'undefined' ? (global.Promise = PromiseConstructor) : typeof self != 'undefined' ? (self.Promise = PromiseConstructor) : PromiseConstructor; },{"../lib/Promise":2,"../lib/decorators/unhandledRejection":4}],2:[function(require,module,exports){ /* @license MIT License (c) copyright 2010-2014 original author or authors / /* @author Brian Cavalier / /* @author John Hann / (function(define) { 'use strict'; define(function (require) { var makePromise = require('./makePromise'); var Scheduler = require('./Scheduler'); var async = require('./env').asap; return makePromise({ scheduler: new Scheduler(async) }); }); })(typeof define === 'function' && define.amd ? define : function (factory) { module.exports = factory(require); }); },{"./Scheduler":3,"./env":5,"./makePromise":7}],3:[function(require,module,exports){ /* @license MIT License (c) copyright 2010-2014 original author or authors / /* @author Brian Cavalier / /* @author John Hann / (function(define) { 'use strict'; define(function() { // Credit to Twisol (https://github.com/Twisol) for suggesting // this type of extensible queue + trampoline approach for next-tick conflation. /* * Async task scheduler * @param {function} async function to schedule a single async function * @constructor / function Scheduler(async) { this._async = async; this._running = false; this._queue = this; this._queueLen = 0; this._afterQueue = {}; this._afterQueueLen = 0; var self = this; this.drain = function() { self._drain(); }; } /* * Enqueue a task * @param {{ run:function }} task / Scheduler.prototype.enqueue = function(task) { this._queue[this._queueLen++] = task; this.run(); }; /* * Enqueue a task to run after the main task queue * @param {{ run:function }} task / Scheduler.prototype.afterQueue = function(task) { this._afterQueue[this._afterQueueLen++] = task; this.run(); }; Scheduler.prototype.run = function() { if (!this._running) { this._running = true; this._async(this.drain); } }; /* * Drain the handler queue entirely, and then the after queue / Scheduler.prototype._drain = function() { var i = 0; for (; i < this._queueLen; ++i) { this._queue[i].run(); this._queue[i] = void 0; } this._queueLen = 0; this._running = false; for (i = 0; i < this._afterQueueLen; ++i) { this._afterQueue[i].run(); this._afterQueue[i] = void 0; } this._afterQueueLen = 0; }; return Scheduler; }); }(typeof define === 'function' && define.amd ? define : function(factory) { module.exports = factory(); })); },{}],4:[function(require,module,exports){ /* @license MIT License (c) copyright 2010-2014 original author or authors / /* @author Brian Cavalier / /* @author John Hann / (function(define) { 'use strict'; define(function(require) { var setTimer = require('../env').setTimer; var format = require('../format'); return function unhandledRejection(Promise) { var logError = noop; var logInfo = noop; var localConsole; if(typeof console !== 'undefined') { // Alias console to prevent things like uglify's drop_console option from // removing console.log/error. Unhandled rejections fall into the same // category as uncaught exceptions, and build tools shouldn't silence them. localConsole = console; logError = typeof localConsole.error !== 'undefined' ? function (e) { localConsole.error(e); } : function (e) { localConsole.log(e); }; logInfo = typeof localConsole.info !== 'undefined' ? function (e) { localConsole.info(e); } : function (e) { localConsole.log(e); }; } Promise.onPotentiallyUnhandledRejection = function(rejection) { enqueue(report, rejection); }; Promise.onPotentiallyUnhandledRejectionHandled = function(rejection) { enqueue(unreport, rejection); }; Promise.onFatalRejection = function(rejection) { enqueue(throwit, rejection.value); }; var tasks = []; var reported = []; var running = null; function report(r) { if(!r.handled) { reported.push(r); logError('Potentially unhandled rejection [' + r.id + '] ' + format.formatError(r.value)); } } function unreport(r) { var i = reported.indexOf(r); if(i >= 0) { reported.splice(i, 1); logInfo('Handled previous rejection [' + r.id + '] ' + format.formatObject(r.value)); } } function enqueue(f, x) { tasks.push(f, x); if(running === null) { running = setTimer(flush, 0); } } function flush() { running = null; while(tasks.length > 0) { tasks.shift()(tasks.shift()); } } return Promise; }; function throwit(e) { throw e; } function noop() {} }); }(typeof define === 'function' && define.amd ? define : function(factory) { module.exports = factory(require); })); },{"../env":5,"../format":6}],5:[function(require,module,exports){ /* @license MIT License (c) copyright 2010-2014 original author or authors / /* @author Brian Cavalier / /* @author John Hann / /global process,document,setTimeout,clearTimeout,MutationObserver,WebKitMutationObserver/ (function(define) { 'use strict'; define(function(require) { /jshint maxcomplexity:6/ // Sniff "best" async scheduling option // Prefer process.nextTick or MutationObserver, then check for // setTimeout, and finally vertx, since its the only env that doesn't // have setTimeout var MutationObs; var capturedSetTimeout = typeof setTimeout !== 'undefined' && setTimeout; // Default env var setTimer = function(f, ms) { return setTimeout(f, ms); }; var clearTimer = function(t) { return clearTimeout(t); }; var asap = function (f) { return capturedSetTimeout(f, 0); }; // Detect specific env if (isNode()) { // Node asap = function (f) { return process.nextTick(f); }; } else if (MutationObs = hasMutationObserver()) { // Modern browser asap = initMutationObserver(MutationObs); } else if (!capturedSetTimeout) { // vert.x var vertxRequire = require; var vertx = vertxRequire('vertx'); setTimer = function (f, ms) { return vertx.setTimer(ms, f); }; clearTimer = vertx.cancelTimer; asap = vertx.runOnLoop \|\| vertx.runOnContext; } return { setTimer: setTimer, clearTimer: clearTimer, asap: asap }; function isNode () { return typeof process !== 'undefined' && Object.prototype.toString.call(process) === '[object process]'; } function hasMutationObserver () { return (typeof MutationObserver === 'function' && MutationObserver) \|\| (typeof WebKitMutationObserver === 'function' && WebKitMutationObserver); } function initMutationObserver(MutationObserver) { var scheduled; var node = document.createTextNode(''); var o = new MutationObserver(run); o.observe(node, { characterData: true }); function run() { var f = scheduled; scheduled = void 0; f(); } var i = 0; return function (f) { scheduled = f; node.data = (i ^= 1); }; } }); }(typeof define === 'function' && define.amd ? define : function(factory) { module.exports = factory(require); })); },{}],6:[function(require,module,exports){ /* @license MIT License (c) copyright 2010-2014 original author or authors / /* @author Brian Cavalier / /* @author John Hann / (function(define) { 'use strict'; define(function() { return { formatError: formatError, formatObject: formatObject, tryStringify: tryStringify }; /* * Format an error into a string. If e is an Error and has a stack property, * it's returned. Otherwise, e is formatted using formatObject, with a * warning added about e not being a proper Error. * @param {} e @returns {String} formatted string, suitable for output to developers / function formatError(e) { var s = typeof e === 'object' && e !== null && (e.stack \|\| e.message) ? e.stack \|\| e.message : formatObject(e); return e instanceof Error ? s : s + ' (WARNING: non-Error used)'; } /* * Format an object, detecting "plain" objects and running them through * JSON.stringify if possible. * @param {Object} o * @returns {string} / function formatObject(o) { var s = String(o); if(s === '[object Object]' && typeof JSON !== 'undefined') { s = tryStringify(o, s); } return s; } /* * Try to return the result of JSON.stringify(x). If that fails, return * defaultValue * @param {} x @param {} defaultValue @returns {String\|} JSON.stringify(x) or defaultValue / function tryStringify(x, defaultValue) { try { return JSON.stringify(x); } catch(e) { return defaultValue; } } }); }(typeof define === 'function' && define.amd ? define : function(factory) { module.exports = factory(); })); },{}],7:[function(require,module,exports){ /** @license MIT License (c) copyright 2010-2014 original author or authors / /* @author Brian Cavalier / /* @author John Hann / (function(define) { 'use strict'; define(function() { return function makePromise(environment) { var tasks = environment.scheduler; var emitRejection = initEmitRejection(); var objectCreate = Object.create \|\| function(proto) { function Child() {} Child.prototype = proto; return new Child(); }; /* * Create a promise whose fate is determined by resolver * @constructor * @returns {Promise} promise * @name Promise / function Promise(resolver, handler) { this._handler = resolver === Handler ? handler : init(resolver); } /* * Run the supplied resolver * @param resolver * @returns {Pending} / function init(resolver) { var handler = new Pending(); try { resolver(promiseResolve, promiseReject, promiseNotify); } catch (e) { promiseReject(e); } return handler; /* * Transition from pre-resolution state to post-resolution state, notifying * all listeners of the ultimate fulfillment or rejection * @param {} x resolution value / function promiseResolve (x) { handler.resolve(x); } /** * Reject this promise with reason, which will be used verbatim * @param {Error\|} reason rejection reason, strongly suggested to be an Error type / function promiseReject (reason) { handler.reject(reason); } /* * @deprecated * Issue a progress event, notifying all progress listeners * @param {} x progress event payload to pass to all listeners / function promiseNotify (x) { handler.notify(x); } } // Creation Promise.resolve = resolve; Promise.reject = reject; Promise.never = never; Promise._defer = defer; Promise._handler = getHandler; /** * Returns a trusted promise. If x is already a trusted promise, it is * returned, otherwise returns a new trusted Promise which follows x. * @param {} x @return {Promise} promise / function resolve(x) { return isPromise(x) ? x : new Promise(Handler, new Async(getHandler(x))); } /* * Return a reject promise with x as its reason (x is used verbatim) * @param {} x @returns {Promise} rejected promise / function reject(x) { return new Promise(Handler, new Async(new Rejected(x))); } /* * Return a promise that remains pending forever * @returns {Promise} forever-pending promise. / function never() { return foreverPendingPromise; // Should be frozen } /* * Creates an internal {promise, resolver} pair * @private * @returns {Promise} / function defer() { return new Promise(Handler, new Pending()); } // Transformation and flow control /* * Transform this promise's fulfillment value, returning a new Promise * for the transformed result. If the promise cannot be fulfilled, onRejected * is called with the reason. onProgress may be called with updates toward * this promise's fulfillment. * @param {function=} onFulfilled fulfillment handler * @param {function=} onRejected rejection handler * @param {function=} onProgress @deprecated progress handler * @return {Promise} new promise / Promise.prototype.then = function(onFulfilled, onRejected, onProgress) { var parent = this._handler; var state = parent.join().state(); if ((typeof onFulfilled !== 'function' && state > 0) \|\| (typeof onRejected !== 'function' && state < 0)) { // Short circuit: value will not change, simply share handler return new this.constructor(Handler, parent); } var p = this._beget(); var child = p._handler; parent.chain(child, parent.receiver, onFulfilled, onRejected, onProgress); return p; }; /* * If this promise cannot be fulfilled due to an error, call onRejected to * handle the error. Shortcut for .then(undefined, onRejected) * @param {function?} onRejected * @return {Promise} / Promise.prototype['catch'] = function(onRejected) { return this.then(void 0, onRejected); }; /* * Creates a new, pending promise of the same type as this promise * @private * @returns {Promise} / Promise.prototype._beget = function() { return begetFrom(this._handler, this.constructor); }; function begetFrom(parent, Promise) { var child = new Pending(parent.receiver, parent.join().context); return new Promise(Handler, child); } // Array combinators Promise.all = all; Promise.race = race; Promise._traverse = traverse; /* * Return a promise that will fulfill when all promises in the * input array have fulfilled, or will reject when one of the * promises rejects. * @param {array} promises array of promises * @returns {Promise} promise for array of fulfillment values / function all(promises) { return traverseWith(snd, null, promises); } /* * Array<Promise<X>> -> Promise<Array<f(X)>> * @private * @param {function} f function to apply to each promise's value * @param {Array} promises array of promises * @returns {Promise} promise for transformed values / function traverse(f, promises) { return traverseWith(tryCatch2, f, promises); } function traverseWith(tryMap, f, promises) { var handler = typeof f === 'function' ? mapAt : settleAt; var resolver = new Pending(); var pending = promises.length >>> 0; var results = new Array(pending); for (var i = 0, x; i < promises.length && !resolver.resolved; ++i) { x = promises[i]; if (x === void 0 && !(i in promises)) { --pending; continue; } traverseAt(promises, handler, i, x, resolver); } if(pending === 0) { resolver.become(new Fulfilled(results)); } return new Promise(Handler, resolver); function mapAt(i, x, resolver) { if(!resolver.resolved) { traverseAt(promises, settleAt, i, tryMap(f, x, i), resolver); } } function settleAt(i, x, resolver) { results[i] = x; if(--pending === 0) { resolver.become(new Fulfilled(results)); } } } function traverseAt(promises, handler, i, x, resolver) { if (maybeThenable(x)) { var h = getHandlerMaybeThenable(x); var s = h.state(); if (s === 0) { h.fold(handler, i, void 0, resolver); } else if (s > 0) { handler(i, h.value, resolver); } else { resolver.become(h); visitRemaining(promises, i+1, h); } } else { handler(i, x, resolver); } } Promise._visitRemaining = visitRemaining; function visitRemaining(promises, start, handler) { for(var i=start; i<promises.length; ++i) { markAsHandled(getHandler(promises[i]), handler); } } function markAsHandled(h, handler) { if(h === handler) { return; } var s = h.state(); if(s === 0) { h.visit(h, void 0, h._unreport); } else if(s < 0) { h._unreport(); } } /* * Fulfill-reject competitive race. Return a promise that will settle * to the same state as the earliest input promise to settle. * * WARNING: The ES6 Promise spec requires that race()ing an empty array * must return a promise that is pending forever. This implementation * returns a singleton forever-pending promise, the same singleton that is * returned by Promise.never(), thus can be checked with === * * @param {array} promises array of promises to race * @returns {Promise} if input is non-empty, a promise that will settle * to the same outcome as the earliest input promise to settle. if empty * is empty, returns a promise that will never settle. / function race(promises) { if(typeof promises !== 'object' \|\| promises === null) { return reject(new TypeError('non-iterable passed to race()')); } // Sigh, race([]) is untestable unless we return something* // that is recognizable without calling .then() on it. return promises.length === 0 ? never() : promises.length === 1 ? resolve(promises[0]) : runRace(promises); } function runRace(promises) { var resolver = new Pending(); var i, x, h; for(i=0; i<promises.length; ++i) { x = promises[i]; if (x === void 0 && !(i in promises)) { continue; } h = getHandler(x); if(h.state() !== 0) { resolver.become(h); visitRemaining(promises, i+1, h); break; } else { h.visit(resolver, resolver.resolve, resolver.reject); } } return new Promise(Handler, resolver); } // Promise internals // Below this, everything is @private /** * Get an appropriate handler for x, without checking for cycles * @param {} x @returns {object} handler / function getHandler(x) { if(isPromise(x)) { return x._handler.join(); } return maybeThenable(x) ? getHandlerUntrusted(x) : new Fulfilled(x); } /* * Get a handler for thenable x. * NOTE: You must only call this if maybeThenable(x) == true * @param {object\|function\|Promise} x * @returns {object} handler / function getHandlerMaybeThenable(x) { return isPromise(x) ? x._handler.join() : getHandlerUntrusted(x); } /* * Get a handler for potentially untrusted thenable x * @param {} x @returns {object} handler / function getHandlerUntrusted(x) { try { var untrustedThen = x.then; return typeof untrustedThen === 'function' ? new Thenable(untrustedThen, x) : new Fulfilled(x); } catch(e) { return new Rejected(e); } } /* * Handler for a promise that is pending forever * @constructor / function Handler() {} Handler.prototype.when = Handler.prototype.become = Handler.prototype.notify // deprecated = Handler.prototype.fail = Handler.prototype._unreport = Handler.prototype._report = noop; Handler.prototype._state = 0; Handler.prototype.state = function() { return this._state; }; /* * Recursively collapse handler chain to find the handler * nearest to the fully resolved value. * @returns {object} handler nearest the fully resolved value / Handler.prototype.join = function() { var h = this; while(h.handler !== void 0) { h = h.handler; } return h; }; Handler.prototype.chain = function(to, receiver, fulfilled, rejected, progress) { this.when({ resolver: to, receiver: receiver, fulfilled: fulfilled, rejected: rejected, progress: progress }); }; Handler.prototype.visit = function(receiver, fulfilled, rejected, progress) { this.chain(failIfRejected, receiver, fulfilled, rejected, progress); }; Handler.prototype.fold = function(f, z, c, to) { this.when(new Fold(f, z, c, to)); }; /* * Handler that invokes fail() on any handler it becomes * @constructor / function FailIfRejected() {} inherit(Handler, FailIfRejected); FailIfRejected.prototype.become = function(h) { h.fail(); }; var failIfRejected = new FailIfRejected(); /* * Handler that manages a queue of consumers waiting on a pending promise * @constructor / function Pending(receiver, inheritedContext) { Promise.createContext(this, inheritedContext); this.consumers = void 0; this.receiver = receiver; this.handler = void 0; this.resolved = false; } inherit(Handler, Pending); Pending.prototype._state = 0; Pending.prototype.resolve = function(x) { this.become(getHandler(x)); }; Pending.prototype.reject = function(x) { if(this.resolved) { return; } this.become(new Rejected(x)); }; Pending.prototype.join = function() { if (!this.resolved) { return this; } var h = this; while (h.handler !== void 0) { h = h.handler; if (h === this) { return this.handler = cycle(); } } return h; }; Pending.prototype.run = function() { var q = this.consumers; var handler = this.handler; this.handler = this.handler.join(); this.consumers = void 0; for (var i = 0; i < q.length; ++i) { handler.when(q[i]); } }; Pending.prototype.become = function(handler) { if(this.resolved) { return; } this.resolved = true; this.handler = handler; if(this.consumers !== void 0) { tasks.enqueue(this); } if(this.context !== void 0) { handler._report(this.context); } }; Pending.prototype.when = function(continuation) { if(this.resolved) { tasks.enqueue(new ContinuationTask(continuation, this.handler)); } else { if(this.consumers === void 0) { this.consumers = [continuation]; } else { this.consumers.push(continuation); } } }; /* * @deprecated / Pending.prototype.notify = function(x) { if(!this.resolved) { tasks.enqueue(new ProgressTask(x, this)); } }; Pending.prototype.fail = function(context) { var c = typeof context === 'undefined' ? this.context : context; this.resolved && this.handler.join().fail(c); }; Pending.prototype._report = function(context) { this.resolved && this.handler.join()._report(context); }; Pending.prototype._unreport = function() { this.resolved && this.handler.join()._unreport(); }; /* * Wrap another handler and force it into a future stack * @param {object} handler * @constructor / function Async(handler) { this.handler = handler; } inherit(Handler, Async); Async.prototype.when = function(continuation) { tasks.enqueue(new ContinuationTask(continuation, this)); }; Async.prototype._report = function(context) { this.join()._report(context); }; Async.prototype._unreport = function() { this.join()._unreport(); }; /* * Handler that wraps an untrusted thenable and assimilates it in a future stack * @param {function} then * @param {{then: function}} thenable * @constructor / function Thenable(then, thenable) { Pending.call(this); tasks.enqueue(new AssimilateTask(then, thenable, this)); } inherit(Pending, Thenable); /* * Handler for a fulfilled promise * @param {} x fulfillment value @constructor / function Fulfilled(x) { Promise.createContext(this); this.value = x; } inherit(Handler, Fulfilled); Fulfilled.prototype._state = 1; Fulfilled.prototype.fold = function(f, z, c, to) { runContinuation3(f, z, this, c, to); }; Fulfilled.prototype.when = function(cont) { runContinuation1(cont.fulfilled, this, cont.receiver, cont.resolver); }; var errorId = 0; /* * Handler for a rejected promise * @param {} x rejection reason @constructor / function Rejected(x) { Promise.createContext(this); this.id = ++errorId; this.value = x; this.handled = false; this.reported = false; this._report(); } inherit(Handler, Rejected); Rejected.prototype._state = -1; Rejected.prototype.fold = function(f, z, c, to) { to.become(this); }; Rejected.prototype.when = function(cont) { if(typeof cont.rejected === 'function') { this._unreport(); } runContinuation1(cont.rejected, this, cont.receiver, cont.resolver); }; Rejected.prototype._report = function(context) { tasks.afterQueue(new ReportTask(this, context)); }; Rejected.prototype._unreport = function() { if(this.handled) { return; } this.handled = true; tasks.afterQueue(new UnreportTask(this)); }; Rejected.prototype.fail = function(context) { this.reported = true; emitRejection('unhandledRejection', this); Promise.onFatalRejection(this, context === void 0 ? this.context : context); }; function ReportTask(rejection, context) { this.rejection = rejection; this.context = context; } ReportTask.prototype.run = function() { if(!this.rejection.handled && !this.rejection.reported) { this.rejection.reported = true; emitRejection('unhandledRejection', this.rejection) \|\| Promise.onPotentiallyUnhandledRejection(this.rejection, this.context); } }; function UnreportTask(rejection) { this.rejection = rejection; } UnreportTask.prototype.run = function() { if(this.rejection.reported) { emitRejection('rejectionHandled', this.rejection) \|\| Promise.onPotentiallyUnhandledRejectionHandled(this.rejection); } }; // Unhandled rejection hooks // By default, everything is a noop Promise.createContext = Promise.enterContext = Promise.exitContext = Promise.onPotentiallyUnhandledRejection = Promise.onPotentiallyUnhandledRejectionHandled = Promise.onFatalRejection = noop; // Errors and singletons var foreverPendingHandler = new Handler(); var foreverPendingPromise = new Promise(Handler, foreverPendingHandler); function cycle() { return new Rejected(new TypeError('Promise cycle')); } // Task runners /* * Run a single consumer * @constructor / function ContinuationTask(continuation, handler) { this.continuation = continuation; this.handler = handler; } ContinuationTask.prototype.run = function() { this.handler.join().when(this.continuation); }; /* * Run a queue of progress handlers * @constructor / function ProgressTask(value, handler) { this.handler = handler; this.value = value; } ProgressTask.prototype.run = function() { var q = this.handler.consumers; if(q === void 0) { return; } for (var c, i = 0; i < q.length; ++i) { c = q[i]; runNotify(c.progress, this.value, this.handler, c.receiver, c.resolver); } }; /* * Assimilate a thenable, sending it's value to resolver * @param {function} then * @param {object\|function} thenable * @param {object} resolver * @constructor / function AssimilateTask(then, thenable, resolver) { this._then = then; this.thenable = thenable; this.resolver = resolver; } AssimilateTask.prototype.run = function() { var h = this.resolver; tryAssimilate(this._then, this.thenable, _resolve, _reject, _notify); function _resolve(x) { h.resolve(x); } function _reject(x) { h.reject(x); } function _notify(x) { h.notify(x); } }; function tryAssimilate(then, thenable, resolve, reject, notify) { try { then.call(thenable, resolve, reject, notify); } catch (e) { reject(e); } } /* * Fold a handler value with z * @constructor / function Fold(f, z, c, to) { this.f = f; this.z = z; this.c = c; this.to = to; this.resolver = failIfRejected; this.receiver = this; } Fold.prototype.fulfilled = function(x) { this.f.call(this.c, this.z, x, this.to); }; Fold.prototype.rejected = function(x) { this.to.reject(x); }; Fold.prototype.progress = function(x) { this.to.notify(x); }; // Other helpers /* * @param {} x @returns {boolean} true iff x is a trusted Promise / function isPromise(x) { return x instanceof Promise; } /* * Test just enough to rule out primitives, in order to take faster * paths in some code * @param {} x @returns {boolean} false iff x is guaranteed not to be a thenable / function maybeThenable(x) { return (typeof x === 'object' \|\| typeof x === 'function') && x !== null; } function runContinuation1(f, h, receiver, next) { if(typeof f !== 'function') { return next.become(h); } Promise.enterContext(h); tryCatchReject(f, h.value, receiver, next); Promise.exitContext(); } function runContinuation3(f, x, h, receiver, next) { if(typeof f !== 'function') { return next.become(h); } Promise.enterContext(h); tryCatchReject3(f, x, h.value, receiver, next); Promise.exitContext(); } /* * @deprecated / function runNotify(f, x, h, receiver, next) { if(typeof f !== 'function') { return next.notify(x); } Promise.enterContext(h); tryCatchReturn(f, x, receiver, next); Promise.exitContext(); } function tryCatch2(f, a, b) { try { return f(a, b); } catch(e) { return reject(e); } } /* * Return f.call(thisArg, x), or if it throws return a rejected promise for * the thrown exception / function tryCatchReject(f, x, thisArg, next) { try { next.become(getHandler(f.call(thisArg, x))); } catch(e) { next.become(new Rejected(e)); } } /* * Same as above, but includes the extra argument parameter. / function tryCatchReject3(f, x, y, thisArg, next) { try { f.call(thisArg, x, y, next); } catch(e) { next.become(new Rejected(e)); } } /* * @deprecated * Return f.call(thisArg, x), or if it throws, return the exception / function tryCatchReturn(f, x, thisArg, next) { try { next.notify(f.call(thisArg, x)); } catch(e) { next.notify(e); } } function inherit(Parent, Child) { Child.prototype = objectCreate(Parent.prototype); Child.prototype.constructor = Child; } function snd(x, y) { return y; } function noop() {} function initEmitRejection() { /global process, self, CustomEvent*/ if(typeof process !== 'undefined' && process !== null && typeof process.emit === 'function') { // Returning falsy here means to call the default // onPotentiallyUnhandledRejection API. This is safe even in // browserify since process.emit always returns falsy in browserify: // https://github.com/defunctzombie/node-process/blob/master/browser.js#L40-L46 return function(type, rejection) { return type === 'unhandledRejection' ? process.emit(type, rejection.value, rejection) : process.emit(type, rejection); }; } else if(typeof self !== 'undefined' && typeof CustomEvent === 'function') { return (function(noop, self, CustomEvent) { var hasCustomEvent = false; try { var ev = new CustomEvent('unhandledRejection'); hasCustomEvent = ev instanceof CustomEvent; } catch (e) {} return !hasCustomEvent ? noop : function(type, rejection) { var ev = new CustomEvent(type, { detail: { reason: rejection.value, key: rejection }, bubbles: false, cancelable: true }); return !self.dispatchEvent(ev); }; }(noop, self, CustomEvent)); } return noop; } return Promise; }; }); }(typeof define === 'function' && define.amd ? define : function(factory) { module.exports = factory(); })); },{}]},{},[1]) //# sourceMappingURL=Promise.js.map (1) }); ;if (typeof systemJSBootstrap !== 'undefined') systemJSBootstrap();})();	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
161 Cal.App.3d 527 (1984) 207 Cal. Rptr. 695 THE PEOPLE, Plaintiff and Respondent, v. ROMERO DONACIANO NIEBLAS, Defendant and Appellant. Docket No. F002067. Court of Appeals of California, Fifth District. October 31, 1984. 528 COUNSEL Frank O. Bell, Jr., State Public Defender, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, and Gabriel C. Vivas, Deputy State Public Defender, for Defendant and Appellant. John K. Van de Kamp, Attorney General, Eddie T. Keller and Jane N. Kirkland, Deputy Attorneys General, for Plaintiff and Respondent. OPINION WOOLPERT, Acting P.J. Defendant has been convicted of first degree murder and assault with a deadly weapon. He appeals with the single contention that he was denied his constitutional right to an interpreter. We agree and, therefore, reverse the judgment and return the case for a new trial. PERTINENT FACTS The substantive facts in this case are not at issue on this appeal and will be stated briefly. Defendant and the deceased, Manuel Ferrer, had fought 529 in the past. Both agreed that should they meet again, one would die. On August 20, 1982, defendant and his two friends, Jesus Mendoza and Refugio Florez, spent the day together and eventually drove to Hanford to visit friends of the defendant. While visiting these friends, defendant apparently saw Ferrer walking by with Maurillo Camacho. Defendant and his companions then drove in defendant's car to an alley where they confronted the two men. Defendant pulled out a rifle and opened fire. He killed Ferrer and wounded Camacho. Defendant was arrested and later told the police that he had done the shooting. At trial, he argued the shooting was in self-defense. Defendant clearly needed an interpreter. The trial court appointed an interpreter to assist the defendant during trial. The court also determined that the interpreter could be borrowed from defendant to interpret for Spanish-speaking witnesses. While defense counsel noted a problem might arise if he and defendant needed to communicate, counsel also pointed out such a situation, in fact, should not be a problem because he and defendant had spent considerable time on the case. The matter was ultimately resolved when defense counsel agreed another interpreter would be procured if needed: Defendant was not present at this discussion. Defense counsel had assured him that during the morning conference no decisions would be made affecting his rights. Defendant's interpreter was borrowed three times for the following prosecution witnesses: Pedro Ferrer, brother of the deceased; Camacho, the second victim; and Mendoza. Ferrer testified only to his brother's age, height and weight. Camacho identified defendant as the shooter. Defendant contends his constitutional rights were violated when the defense interpreter was borrowed to interpret for the Spanish-speaking prosecution witnesses. Those rights alleged to have been violated include the following: The state right to a court-appointed interpreter, the state and federal rights to confrontation and effective assistance of counsel, and the state and federal due process rights to a fair trial. Defendant's appeal may be resolved on the violation of the state constitutional right to an interpreter. Protection of this right encompasses a protection for all of the aforementioned rights. (People v. Aguilar (1984) 35 Cal.3d 785 [200 Cal. Rptr. 908, 677 P.2d 1198]; People v. Carreon (1984) 151 Cal. App.3d 559 [198 Cal. Rptr. 843].) Article I, section 14, of the California Constitution provides in pertinent part: "A person unable to understand English who is charged with a crime has a right to an interpreter throughout the proceedings." The initial question is whether defendant needed an interpreter. (1) The right only arises when the accused cannot understand English. (People v. Carreon, supra, 530 151 Cal. App.3d at p. 567.) Defendant's inability to understand English is undisputed on this appeal. The next question is whether defendant's right to an interpreter throughout the proceedings was violated. The California Supreme Court has recently discussed the parameters of article I, section 14, in Aguilar. The defense interpreter had been borrowed at trial to interpret for two prosecution witnesses. The court determined that the Constitution provides an accused the right to have an interpreter's aid "during the whole course of the proceedings." (Aguilar, supra, 35 Cal.3d at p. 790.) Hence, the borrowing of an interpreter was a denial of Aguilar's constitutional right. (2a) In this case defendant's interpreter was borrowed for the testimony of three prosecution witnesses. While arguably defendant could understand the testimony being given because of pretrial discussions with defense counsel and because the witness was speaking in Spanish, he could not communicate with his attorney, nor could he "understand the instructions and rulings of the judge" or "the questions and objections of defense counsel and the prosecution." (Ibid.) Defendant's constitutional right to an interpreter was, therefore, denied. (3) Additionally, defendant did not waive his right to an interpreter. The requirements for a waiver of this right are well established. The right may not be waived by a failure to request an interpreter, nor may it be waived by acquiescence or other nonverbal conduct by the defendant. (People v. Aguilar, supra, 35 Cal.3d at p. 794; People v. Carreon, supra, 151 Cal. App.3d at p. 574.) To waive the right, a defendant must do so voluntarily and intelligently on the record. A waiver by counsel without participation by the defendant is likewise inadequate. At trial, defense counsel verbally agreed the interpreter could be borrowed. Defendant, however, was not present during this discussion. Counsel maintained defendant gave him the right to represent his interest at the discussion. This procedure is totally inadequate to assure the waiver is sufficient. (See Carreon, supra, at p. 575.) We are well aware that some uncertainty exists whether a partial denial of interpreter services mandates reversal, regardless of how insignificant the absence of the interpreter's presence may have been. In Aguilar, the court made no express statement of the standard of review to be applied in such cases, and omitted any reference to cases currently being cited for particular standards. In Carreon, this court borrowed a rule based on informed speculation, thereby protecting against reversals due to minor deviations which quite obviously could not prejudice the defendant. At oral 531 argument both counsel agreed circumstances may exist in which there could be no prejudice. These cases are to be resolved when they occur. One example might be the mandatory excuse of a juror during voir dire, at a time when the interpreter is absent. A more complex example might occur if, without a meaningful waiver, the court allows the defense interpreter to act as the witness interpreter while defendant testifies. In the first example the continuity of the presence of the interpreter has been interrupted; in the second there is a question whether the defendant has in fact had his interpreter taken when the interpreter becomes a witness interpreter. We need not explore further such variations in potential prejudice, which make the standard of review of consequence. (2b) In this case the prejudice is obvious. The interpreter was borrowed during testimony crucial to defendant's defense. Therefore, as stated in Aguilar: "A reversal is required, ..." there being no valid waiver. (People v. Aguilar, supra, 35 Cal.3d at p. 794.) The judgment is reversed. Hamlin, J., and Hardin, J.,[] concurred. NOTES [] Assigned by the Chairperson of the Judicial Council.	{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }
Q: How I can use LCDUI from LWUIT app? I want to use standard alerts dialog (as LCDUI) in my LWUIT app: lcdui Alert javadocs How can I call this methods from LWUIT form? A: LWUIT's 1.5's Display has the method showNativeScreen. I wouldn't recommend doing this though, it would probably cause some issues. To return to LWUIT just show a Form.	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
This season's version of our bestselling Vibe Training Shorts may be our best version yet! You are going to look fabulous in this amazing pair. In classic navy, each sexy pair features a slimming drawstring elastic waistband with bright white contrast stitching at the hem and each pocket. A bright neon Vibe detail gives a little pop of color to this incredible new style. Features Limited Edition Style Will Never Be Made Again Stylish Update On Classic Shorts Comes In Classic Navy Knit Features Bright White Contrast Stitching Features Slimming Drawstring Elastic Waistband Features Neon Vibe Lettering Features Practical Back Pocket Designed In The Andrew Christian Design Studio In Los Angeles, California	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
.cm-s-neat span.cm-comment { color: #a86; } .cm-s-neat span.cm-keyword { line-height: 1em; font-weight: bold; color: blue; } .cm-s-neat span.cm-string { color: #a22; } .cm-s-neat span.cm-builtin { line-height: 1em; font-weight: bold; color: #077; } .cm-s-neat span.cm-special { line-height: 1em; font-weight: bold; color: #0aa; } .cm-s-neat span.cm-variable { color: black; } .cm-s-neat span.cm-number, .cm-s-neat span.cm-atom { color: #3a3; } .cm-s-neat span.cm-meta {color: #555;} .cm-s-neat span.cm-link { color: #3a3; } .cm-s-neat .CodeMirror-activeline-background {background: #e8f2ff !important;} .cm-s-neat .CodeMirror-matchingbracket {outline:1px solid grey; color:black !important;}	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
Q: In AngularJS, how to stop ongoing $http calls on query change I'm calling 4 to 10 $http get calls in parallel. But after user search action I need display to same view but with different result. I populate set of data and new $http query calls. But the previous $http invocations(promises) are still populating or in action, effecting $scope. My possible dirty solution is .. Using multi-app(multimodule) page which can have dynamic regions controlled by a dynamic app. On user events remove the element which correspond to the event. Example, search result, if I want to display results from different sources using different $http calls. If user searches with new keyword , I'm going to remove result ng-app element and bootstrap new element. A: You should use version 1.1.5, which has the ability to cancel $http requests: https://github.com/angular/angular.js/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md // set up a dummy canceler var canceler = $q.defer(); // use it as a timeout canceler for the request $http({method: 'GET', url: '/some', timeout: canceler.promise}).success( function (data) { alert("this won't be displayed on cancel"); } ).error( function (data) { alert("this will be displayed on cancel"); } ) // now, cancel it (before it may come back with data) $rootScope.$apply(function() { canceler.resolve(); }); you can use the same canceler for all the requests, and resolve it just before starting the new set.	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Pence Opera House The Pence Opera House was an opera house and later, a mission, at Hennepin Avenue and 2nd Street in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. The theater was named for its owner and chief funder, John Wesley Pence, a financier originally from Ohio, and was designed by architect Abraham M. Radcliffe. Though sometimes called the first theater in Minneapolis, it was actually built eight years after the first known theater in the city, Harrison's Hall. During construction, the building was struck by lightning, which was called "an act of God's retribution" by a local minister in his Sunday sermon that week. Soon afterwards, the minister's church was also struck by lightning. The Opera House was opened in 1867 with a seating capacity of 700. The three-story building housed shops on its first floor, offices on its second, a billiard parlor in the basement, and the theater on the third. In 1879, the theater was remodeled and increased its capacity to 900. Along with the St. Paul Opera House, it was one of the first music venues in the Twin Cities, joined in 1872 by the larger Academy of Music. The theater opened on June 21, 1867 with a performance of Sheridan Knowles' play The Hunchback, attended by Governor William Marshall and Sen. Alexander Ramsey. Performances at the Pence included musicians such as Norwegian violinist Ole Bull, vaudeville and minstrel shows, and plays such as The Rivals, Our American Cousin, and Shakespearian works including Richard III. In its early years, the theater was one of the city's major gathering places, but was overshadowed by the opening of the Academy of Music and struggled thereafter. In the 1890s and early 1900s, the theater was empty and unused, and the building grew dilapidated. It became a rooming house in the early 1900s, then a mission in 1915. The building was razed in 1952. Before the construction of the original Minneapolis City Hall in 1873, city government officials worked out of rented space in the Pence Opera House building. References External links Minneapolis Music Playhouse for Pioneers at the Minnesota Historical Society Category:1867 establishments in Minnesota Category:Music venues completed in 1867 Category:Opera houses in Minnesota Category:Theatres completed in 1867	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Effect of protein denaturation on void fraction in foam separation column. Foam fractionation is a cost-effective process that uses air to extract protein from a liquid (in this case "crude" dilute egg-albumin solution). This article deals with how the void fraction (fraction of air in the aerated solution) of foam is affected by heat denaturation of the protein. A 2-mm glass tube was used to sample the foam-liquid interface fluid in a 35-mm-diameter column in order to detect small changes in void fraction and foam production, which are not easily detected directly from the bulk foam. The main control variable in this study was the protein solution preheating time. As the preheating time increased, the initial void fraction in the column decreased. The initial void fraction of the undenatured solution ranged from about 0.73 to 0.80, and the void fraction for significant preheating times of 5 min ranged from approx 0.68 to 0.72. Furthermore, the period of foam production increased from 5 to 7 min for undenatured proteins in solution to as long 15 min for 5-min preheated solutions. Side-port sampling through a small capillary tube has the potential to be used as a rapid and inexpensive way to determine the level of protein denaturation by directly determining the void fraction and then estimating the effect of denaturation from a protein denaturation calibration curve of the void fraction.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Share It 100% Clean Carfax! Power Sunroof! Heated Seats! Leather Interior! and MORE! Runs and Drives Great! Come in for a Test Drive! - OVER 200 CARS AT OUR DEALERSHIP RIGHT ON SUNRISE HIGHWAY IN BOHEMIA! REMEMBER THE PERFORMANCE DIFFERENCE!! NO PREP FEES! NO DELIVERY FEES! AND OUR PRICES DO NOT NEED TO REFLECT A TRADE IN VALUE OR DOWN PAYMENT! Our Prices are the "REAL DEAL"! DON'T BE SCAMMED BY OTHERS FINEPRINT! And now please beware of the newest scam started recently, Dealers offering a "promotional price" and long as you purchase their Extended warranty at regular price! You also do NOT need to finance to get this price! A price should be exactly that, A PRICE! Performance Auto has been selling quality pre-owned automobiles since October 2000. You will feel no pressure when you enter our facility and meet one of our friendly sales representatives. All of the vehicles that we sell have to be NYS Inspected! As a Licensed New York State Dealer (Facility #7095633), we are required to provide you with a Clear Lien Free Title. As a Certified Plate program dealer, we also have the ability to issue new license plates or transfer your existing plates to your new vehicle. Please be aware of other "so called dealers" that are selling vehicles on Long Island and using "out of state" dealer licenses to avoid inspecting vehicles! Air bag Passenger Sensing System, sensor indicator inflatable restraint, front passenger/child presence detector (Always use safety belts and the correct child restraints for your child's age and size. Even in vehicles equipped with air bags and the Passenger Sensing System, children are safer when properly secured in a rear seat in the appropriate Air bags, dual-stage frontal and side-impact, driver and right-front passenger, head curtain side-impact, front and rear outboard seating positions and rear seat mounted thorax (Head curtain side air bags are designed to help reduce the risk of head and neck injuries to front and rear seat outboard occupants on the near side of certain side-impact Automatic Crash Response Daytime Running Lamps, switchable Door locks, child security rear Head restraints, 2-way adjustable, front Horn, dual-note high and low LATCH system (Lower Anchors and Top tethers for CHildren), for child safety seats in all rear seating positions Payment estimator Estimate the loan payments for this Buick Regal Purchase price Downpayment Trade value APR % Sales tax % Amount financed - $ 7,813.18 Loan term in months 36 months 48 months 60 months 72 months This is the payment you need to make per month:$00.00*Estimated payments are indicative of what you might pay if you finance this vehicle. It does not account for taxes, fees or other charges that the dealer will charge in addition to purchase price. This is not a loan offer. 0 similar vehicles Recently viewed Please confirm the accuracy of the specifications provided above with the dealer's representative. Neither the dealer nor the provider of the information is responsible for misprints or other errors regarding this data. Mileage information is based on an EPA rating at the time the vehicle was manufactured. Actual mileage will vary with options, driving conditions, driving habits, and vehicle's condition.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
package com.nivelle.base.utils; import java.util.Random; /** * 生成sqL * * @author fuxinzhong * @date 2020/06/17 */ public class MakeSqlString { public static void main(String[] args) { StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder("insert into students (name,age,high,gender,cls_id) values"); for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) { stringBuilder.append("("); stringBuilder.append(" \"老").append(i).append("\","); stringBuilder.append(new Random().nextInt(20)).append(","); stringBuilder.append(new Random().nextInt(200)).append(","); if (i / 2 == 0) { stringBuilder.append("1").append(","); } else { stringBuilder.append("2").append(","); } stringBuilder.append("111").append(")").append(","); } //System.out.println(stringBuilder.toString()); //System.out.println(stringBuilder1.toString()); int initId = 1141; StringBuilder stringBuilder2 = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = 1142; i <= 1255; i++) { stringBuilder2.append(i); stringBuilder2.append(","); } StringBuilder stringBuilder4 = new StringBuilder(); //System.out.println(stringBuilder2.toString()); for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++) { StringBuilder stringBuilder1 = new StringBuilder("select user_name,create_time from `nd_user_"); stringBuilder1.append(i); stringBuilder1.append("'"); stringBuilder1.append("where user_name in("); stringBuilder1.append("'S45518687','S45514875','S2543813','S3371546','S45134907','S43295707','S2022617','S2285164','S14965794','S43923361','S117785','S44010510','S45274909','S45243971','S45575249','S45301520','S41655466','S14482965','S41674711','S44358621','S45520878','S45473762','S10613747','S45316655','S41105391','S44078087','S44484949','S45524943','S2821883','S42698218','S21797897','S40997879','S41702935','S45640699','S36373280','S44317301','S45287919','S41695735','S44003521','S2324551','S45573218','S44745226','S30621020','S45730703','S45573313','S45110572','S7760942','S44029618','S45681466','S44995695','S44289525','S44216310','S45229138','S45367850','S43834064','S43858295','S44180175','S43858785','S45662060','S45675529','S45680142','S43891092','S29004172','S44709784','S44039521','S45132689','S41107299','S44369568','S45637317','S43938365','S42955114','S44818451','S45602187','S15298994','S45583223','S31906992','S45840000','S45201757','S45705751','S34982553','S2305279','S3145013','S45725172','S44720975','S36323437','S33220181','S45647361','S41857667','S15704551','S44493531','S45612884','S45600515','S2315459','S115914','S45263034','S43873733','S45590642','S30616250','S45710022','S43963751','S40156891','S2007040','S2036982','S45507941','S36642046','S41919514','S37109288','S45315832','S3140256','S45636588','S33132060','S45629205','S43988157','S45035642','S45120149','S3171003','S45561432','S45575223','S45583044','S41375376','S16233757','S45481111','S18769839','S8302797','S41271569','S20623522','S39544164','S44236391','S27624033','S44625705','S2309701','S43808081','S43952406','S17759832','S45378938','S28250630','S45175236','S45764123','S24476815','S34186886','S2805069','S2388833','S15378019','S43745064','S45522152','S33711049','S45709374','S21187613','S43833491','S45356652','S3273058','S43925348','S2020531','S45369230','S45317979','S45591373','S41203923','S45359336','S1984211','S45635163','S45651249','S44638366','S45757143','S41344705','S2194181','S9371282','S3102334','S2028747','S000003','S45224530','S45463249','S45290180','S33837971','S45660112','S43555289','S3205675','S43954376','S45396988','S45404065','S41342507','S41480057','S45005752','S3400435','S45608699','S45705009','S41218916','S13242886','S16931864','S45128838','S44546158','S43850858','S45190464','S45191561','S45198528','S33822209','S35594174','S43444332','S3147453','S43952852','S41020590','S45231976','S3214754','S39251179','S2066619','S2074854','S2674568','S43595284','S2309956','S2129202','S41111123','S41848366','S45256148','S42991626','S24048261','S2001015','S13837422','S45280628','S45092930','S22633741','S44789320','S2900115','S6282171','S44158488','S45331105','S44254776','S44339354','S2052421','S29520530','S41114325','S2287975','S45098917','S3305661','S3213013','S45374153','S44563194','S44174981','S43792937','S2281867','S42892664','S45437949','S22656254','S45442652','S45091408','S29361065','S45177855','S43926345','S22969125','S38413328','S22611284','S45095029','S45522974','S2124318','S2293274','S26532069','S41442715','S45478396','S44327824','S45573417','S45533419','S44377993','S44457500','S45587250','S45592012','S45593350','S45600035','S45603747','S14758351','S42080344','S45617967','S45620101','S45518983','S45642757','S44429506','S33539232','S117971','S100200','S44568380','S45685902','S28255741','S45588088','S34001473','S43775022','S45747675','S37853351','S44638035','S27412890','S45778065','S45784620','S45789312','S10908637','S45802165','S45807803','S45804618','S2385437','S24593721','S45060086','S45808754','S45635109','S45830537','S6569524','S42898985','S40514288','S45127666','S2102764','S45861372','S44612100','S44483881'"); stringBuilder1.append(")"); stringBuilder1.append("union"); stringBuilder4.append(stringBuilder1); } System.out.println(stringBuilder4); } }	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
You are here Sections Health Studies: A Unique Multidisciplinary Program Welcome to the Health Studies Program at University College. This program takes a multidisciplinary approach, examining the myriad of factors which have an impact on the health of individuals and communities in a Canadian and global context. Starting with the World Health Organization's definition of health as a state of physical, mental, and social well-being, the program offers a unique and rigorous examination of the social, biological, medical, political, economic, and ethical determinants of health. Thus, while students will learn and discover the biological/medical basis of disease, particular emphasis will be the exploration of the social, economic, and political factors which give rise to susceptible Canadian and global populations. Students will also come to understand the mechanisms or forces that drive health and health care policy, many of which are often contrary to the conclusions arrived at by academic investigations. Voices "I chose Health Studies because it offers a multidisciplinary perspective on health, from the political and economical side of health to the scientific side of health. The different perspectives on health have allowed me to put into context the flaws in our society's health care system, which graduates of Health Studies can change. " Josephine Tong Recent Graduate, Health Studies "The Health Studies program provides a broad holistic view of health; we learn that health is determined by far more than the availability of health care. I would recommend this program because students receive a new understanding of the determinants of health and how these determinants influence the health of individuals, families, and communities." " Miriam Uyanwune Recent Graduate, Health Studies "The Health Studies program allowed me the opportunity to learn about health from multiple perspectives and challenge conventional thought about what influences and affects health. It is through this program that I have developed the ability to critically analyze the determinants of health and investigate models for change. "	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Child Identification Safety as Simple as 1-2-3 Now there's a simple way for communities to keep their children safer. It's called Child Keeper and gives parents, police and community service groups a cost-effective means of recording a child's personal characteristics such as photographs, physical descriptions and fingerprints for parents to keep in case of emergency. With Child Keeper, local police and community service groups can sponsor events that build good will at the same time they are helping parents protect their kids. Child Keeper is a critical and successful solution for child identification programs across the United States.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Q: Jumping Items On Category Page - CSS We have upgraded and unfortunately many of the custom theme modifications do not work with the new system. Most are easy fixes but i am struggling with this one which i suspect is probably an easy fix in the CSS somewhere On hovering over the products, the products below are pushed down. Can someone please suggest a fix for this issue? Test site can be seen here; https://magdev.challengept.com/gear/fitness-equipment.html A: This might not be the perfect answer but will give you an idea for how to solve it. Try adding this css class and see the difference: .products-grid .product-item .product-item-info:hover { position: absolute; height: 430px; }	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Synopsis: This briefing paper provides contextual information on the agriculture and food and drink processing sectors, as well as exploring potential considerations for the sectors following on from the UK referendum decision to leave the European Union on the 23rd June.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Meet the Men Having Sex With Strangers to Help Them Have Babies Donors offer their sperm for free in a method called "natural insemination." -- Once upon a time, when single women and infertile couples wanted a baby, they would pay a sperm bank to help them. Sometimes it costs thousands of dollars for a successful pregnancy. But now, those services have gone online, and at the click of a mouse, donors make their sperm available by offering to have sex for free. It's a surprising -- and some say unconventional -- method of making a baby called "natural insemination." Donors connect with women on the Internet who want to become mothers "the natural way," because the recipients believe having sex maximizes their potential for getting pregnant. ABC News' "20/20" talked to one sperm donor who calls himself "Joe" and says he's fathered more than 30 children. “I’m not having intercourse with these women when there’s no chance of pregnancy,” he said. Joe, a married man with three teenage children, asked "20/20" to hide his identity because of the double life he said he leads online as a "natural" sperm donor. He said his wife doesn't know about his extracurricular activities, but he has written a book about his experiences entitled, “Get Pregnant for Free on the Internet with a Private Sperm Donor.” “I have a Clark Kent life. Then, I have the Superman life,” Joe said. “People might want to have millions of dollars in the bank, and then, you know, some of us might want to have dozens of children out there.” When he is not working as an Internet entrepreneur, Joe travels around the country to impregnate women from every walk of life. Sometimes Joe ships his sperm for artificial insemination, but he often donates by having sex. After seven years, Joe said he has slept with over 100 women for natural insemination. “I'm unable to have as many children as I want in my relationship, and that would be unreasonable to ask a woman to give birth to 30 children,” said Joe. When asked how many children he expected to have over his lifetime, Joe's answer was surprising. “The World Health Organization said I can get up to 2,500, but I don't think that will happen in my lifetime. The other donors I know who have a lot [of children] are up there around the 100 range. I'm standing on the shoulders of giants.” “I have the satisfaction of knowing that I have another descendant out there,” Joe said. “It’s not the road. It’s how we get there, if we actually get there.” Kyle Gordy is also a donor. In addition to pursuing his master’s degree in accounting, he offers his sperm for free to women who want a baby. “I don’t do any drugs. I don’t smoke. I don’t drink. I don’t drink caffeine. I eat only sperm-friendly food: wheat, brown rice ... fruit and vegetables,” Gordy told “20/20.” The 23-year-old said he has what it takes to be anyone’s father. “Right now I’m attending university. Both siblings are engineers. The nuclear engineer is my twin. My grandpa was a scientist,” said Gordy. On his online advertisement to be a sperm donor, Gordy posted photos of himself as a child and as an adult and information about himself, including his hair color and IQ. No question is off limits for prospective sperm recipients who contact Gordy, who's been asked: “‘Is your sperm good? Have you had success in the past? How do I know you’re going to get me pregnant? How do I know you won’t flake?’” While he doesn't get paid for donating his sperm, Gordy said his purpose is not about sex, but about creating new life. "I’m passing on my legacy and giving these people kids,” Gordy said. In fact, Gordy said his first child was born recently. “I feel like, wow, I did it,” said Gordy. One of Gordy's sperm recipients, 44-year-old Serena, asked “20/20” to conceal her identity. She recently drove two hours to be naturally inseminated by Gordy at his home. Serena said she’s never been married and longs for a child. “Always, since I was a very young child, and sometimes career and life just gets in the way,” the insurance broker told “20/20.” “Then oops, I’m 38. Oops, I’m 40.” Though she’s thought about going the traditional route and getting married, Serena said dating is difficult. “I don’t care if I have a husband or a man, I just want the child,” said Serena. Serena was also unable to afford the fees at a sperm clinic. Sperm banks such as California Cryobank have strict standards screening for disease, genetic history and even physical characteristics. A vial of sperm costs about $700. After turning to the Internet for help, Serena said the words “free sperm” led her to Gordy. “[I felt] that there’s maybe no other alternative for me. My clock is obviously ticking loud and louder every day,” she said. Serena will also soon find out if she’s a mother at last. She said she’s prepared for what she will say to her child about his or her father. “Kyle and I like to think of ourselves as friends too,” Serena said. “My friend is my donor.” Serena is just one of many other women online eager to become pregnant. Another natural insemination recipient already has a 4-year-old son, but wanted another child. After she split from her boyfriend, she began searching for options. “I think just always growing up thinking I’d find the right man and always had that fairy tale growing up,” the woman told “20/20.” “Hopefully, I find the right man, eventually, but maybe he won’t be the biological father of my children.” Three tries with artificial insemination where she inserted donor sperm herself failed, so she tried natural insemination. “I had read a couple of books that talked about fresh semen being a lot more effective than frozen sperm,” the woman said. She said she found hundreds of men online to choose from, but she chose a man who advertised his “intelligence.” The two met at a local coffee shop. “I thought he was cute,” the woman said. “But, yet, I had to keep reminding myself, ‘This is a donor, not a date.’” They had sex only once, but she is still deeply affected by the memory as she waits to find out whether she is pregnant. “I felt it was sad, at least for me, but it’s the route I’ve chosen,” the woman said. “And I want my son to have a sibling, most of all.”	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
This end of Green Airport's main runway just off Main Avenue would be extended by about 1,500 feet, assuming approval of a memorandum of understanding between the airport and the City Council, dismasall of the council's lawsuit and federal funding. The memorandum of understanding reached between the Rhode Island Airport Corporation and a City Council subcommittee sets deadlines for the acquisition of residential and business properties should RIAC move forward with the extension of the main runway and improved safety areas to its shorter crosswind runway. In addition to the MOU, which in some ways mirrors an agreement reached by the city administration and RIAC almost two years ago and rejected by the council, sets forth a plan for the relocation of the playing fields at Winslow Park and an extension of air quality monitoring. Camille Vella-Wilkinson, chair of the council litigation committee, and members Steve Merolla (D-Ward 9) and Council President Bruce Place (D-Ward 2) outlined the broad concepts of the memorandum in an executive session of the council Monday night. Those agreements were worked out last week after three days of intensive talks with RIAC. However, the document was not finalized as of yesterday afternoon, leaving those who have followed airport developments guessing the specifics of what was to come before the council last night. Nonetheless, the stage was set for the council to act on the memorandum. And, assuming they drop the court challenge to the FAA decision approving the runway and other improvements, all of the parties can execute a settlement agreement. That agreement is also subject to FAA approval. As best could be determined from interviews with those familiar with the MOU, the document establishes buy-out dates for properties affected by the projects. This was a concern of Merolla who was critical that, in prior expansion projects, RIAC had identified homes for acquisition but delayed the process by as much as 15 years. Health issues were also raised by the council and, reportedly, the memorandum contains the agreement for RIAC to continue air quality monitoring at the existing four locations beyond the statutory limitation of 2015 to 2017. Relocation of the ball fields, one of the touchiest of issues, offers two possible venues – RIAC-owned land in the Lakeside neighborhood or at the Knight Campus of CCRI. The plan calls for the relocation of one large and two smaller soccer fields and four regulation and two instructional softball fields that presently are on airport property in an area to be impacted by the southerly extension of Runway 5-23. RIAC wants to relocate the fields regardless of the runway extension. Should either location be unacceptable, the city will have an additional 120 days to come up with an alternative site. Apparently, the agreement contains nothing about field lights. Also, fields relocated to CCRI could pose questions about where leagues could run concessions on state property. An element of urgency surrounded approval of the memorandum, as today is this year’s deadline for RIAC submission for funding of the airport runway projects. RIAC CEO Kevin Dillon said last week that he would apply for the funding even if the council had not acted to drop its litigation, but with an MOU he would have justification to seek funds for some of the projects the council is looking for. The RIAC board is slated to meet this morning at 9:15 to consider the memorandum. As the council rejected the memorandum between Mayor Scott Avedisian and RIAC, had it not initiated legal action, the airport could have proceeded without an agreement. While that can be viewed as a positive outcome of the action, litigation will incur a cost. What that cost will be is unknown. More significantly, the council found itself as the target of a campaign mounted by the Greater Providence Chamber of Commerce and the trades and construction unions to drop its suit because the projects are needed to create jobs and build the infrastructure needed for the future. Joining that chorus were Governor Lincoln Chafee, General Treasurer Gina Raimondo and Senator Jack Reed. Avedisian urged the council to reach an agreement. Although secrecy surrounded the talks between the parties, the council sought to achieve what the mayor had not been able to accomplish after years of proposed runway extension plans. At one time, RIAC suggested parallel runways of 10,000 feet – almost 3,000 feet longer than the existing runway. That suggestion was scaled back to a northerly extension of Runway 5-23 to 9,250 feet, which Dillon amended to a southerly extension to 8,700 feet. Avedisian argued 8,300 feet was sufficient to meet RIAC’s objective to offer non-stop coast-to-coast service. The subcommittee asked for 8,300 feet, but to have done that, Dillon said last week, would have required another round of environmental studies delaying the projects at least two years. Reportedly, the memorandum says the city and RIAC will work to rezone residential property it has amassed through its voluntary home acquisition program for commercial uses. This could be a bone of contention, especially if it affects residential neighbors. According to sources, the memorandum does not include anything about compensation for lost tax revenues. That, however, may not be that critical as, under amendments to the State Airport System Plan gained by the administration, the State Planning Council recommends communities hosting airports be adequately compensated. Under the agreement, when realigning Main Avenue to account for the longer runway, RIAC is not to seek any waivers from Department of Transportation standards on design. It is also to provide about $7,200 in funding to URI for the monitoring of water quality in Buckeye Brook. The memorandum makes no mention of air quality testing at Wickes and St. Rose of Lima Schools that the administration made a part of its MOU. Also, there is no mention of council consideration of Buckeye Brook wetlands. The council will need to approve wetland permits for RIAC to complete the extended safety areas to the shorter runway. With that said, when are the dates going to be released to the home owners waiting for their homes to be bought ?? I contacted RIAC with an e-mail this morning but haven't heard back yet. The sooner the better. The president of the Airport Corporation told the press this morning that the $63 million in national discretionary FAA funds that he is applying for today to lengthen the main runway would come from a competitive grant process and is not a certainty. The funds for the crosswinds runway are safety funds from a regional pool and not subject to competition. This safety project will be funded.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Comparison of two types of synthetic biodegradable barriers for GTR in interproximal infrabony defects: clinical and radiographic 24-month results. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) using two different biodegradable barriers (polylactide acetyltributyl citrate; polydioxanon) in three- and two-walled infrabony defects. The polydioxanon barrier is an experimental GTR membrane that consists of a continuous occlusive barrier with a layer of slings on the side that is meant to face the mucoperiosteal flap. Fifteen patients provided 15 pairs of similar contralateral periodontal defects: 12 predominantly two-walled and 18 predominantly three-walled infrabony defects. Each defect was randomly assigned to treatment with polylactide acetyltributyl citrate (control) or polydioxanon (test) devices. At baseline, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after surgery, clinical measurements were performed and standardized radiographs obtained (not at 18 months). Both treatments revealed a significant Gingival Index reduction, probing depth reduction, and vertical probing attachment level gain 24 months after surgery. Both treatments showed slight resorption of the crestal alveolar ridge after 24 months, which failed to reach statistical significance. A statistically significant bone gain within the infrabony pockets was measured for both treatment options 24 months postsurgical. Regarding Gingival Index and probing depth reduction as well as vertical probing attachment level and bone gain, there were neither statistically significant nor clinically relevant differences between test and control barriers. The use of both biodegradable barriers in GTR therapy may be recommended.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
[Post-radiotherapy brachial plexopathy and cervical myelopathy]. The case of a 58-year-old male who, after 47 months of treatment with cervical radiotherapy for labial carcinoma, developed brachial plexopathy and six months later cervical myelopathy is herewith presented. Involvement of both the brachial plexus and the spinal cord in the same patient secondary to radiotherapy is exceptional.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
"Obama was President, knew of the threat, and did nothing," President Donald Trump wrote on Twitter. \| Evan Vucci/AP Photo Trump: Russia is 'laughing their asses off' President Donald Trump tweeted Sunday morning that Russia is "laughing their asses off" and has "succeeded beyond their wildest dreams" due to the continuing investigations into its interference in the 2016 presidential election. "If it was the GOAL of Russia to create discord, disruption and chaos within the U.S. then, with all of the Committee Hearings, Investigations and Party hatred, they have succeeded beyond their wildest dreams," the president wrote on Twitter. "They are laughing their asses off in Moscow. Get smart America!" Trump also sought to push back on reports that he has never explicitly agreed with the U.S. intelligence community and others who have said for months now that Russia meddled in the election. "I never said Russia did not meddle in the election, I said 'it may be Russia, or China or another country or group, or it may be a 400 pound genius sitting in bed and playing with his computer,'" the president wrote on Twitter two days after special counsel Robert Mueller and his team announced the indictment of Russia nationals for meddling in the 2016 election. He added: "The Russian 'hoax' was that the Trump campaign colluded with Russia — it never did!" Trump's tweet pointed to an exchange during the first presidential debate in which he questioned the U.S. intelligence committee's early finding that Russia was behind a hack of the Democratic National Committee and the private emails of John Podesta, Hillary Clinton's campaign chairman. "I don't think anybody knows it was Russia that broke into the DNC," he said at the time. "She's saying Russia, Russia, Russia, but I don't — maybe it was. I mean, it could be Russia, but it could also be China," Trump said then. "It could also be lots of other people. It also could be somebody sitting on their bed that weighs 400 pounds, OK? You don't know who broke in to DNC." As president, Trump continued his trend of begrudgingly avoiding an explicit public backing of the idea that Russia interfered in the election, including emphasizing that he pressed Russian President Vladimir Putin about the subject and that the former KGB agent "vehemently denied it." In later tweets, Trump returned to another one of his favorite foils in Rep. Adam Schiff of California, the top Democrat on the House Intelligence Committee, one of the Capitol Hill panels tasked with digging into the scope of Russia's actions. "Finally, Liddle’ Adam Schiff, the leakin’ monster of no control, is now blaming the Obama Administration for Russian meddling in the 2016 Election," the president wrote on Twitter. "He is finally right about something. Obama was President, knew of the threat, and did nothing. Thank you Adam!" POLITICO previously reported that as early as 2014, the Obama administration was warned about Russia's attempts to interfere with Western democracies, including the United States. In October 2016, the Obama administration accused the Russian government of election-year hacking. "We believe, based on the scope and sensitivity of these efforts, that only Russia's senior-most officials could have authorized these activities," said Jeh Johnson, Obama's director of homeland security. Schiff and other Democrats have criticized Obama and his team for not being more forceful in their response. "I think that others around the world watched that and determined that cyber is a cost-free intervention," Schiff said Friday during an interview with NBC's Andrea Mitchell at the Council on Foreign Relations in New York.	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Hillside Park, Pilot Butte Hillside Park is a neighbourhood in the west end of the town of Pilot Butte, Saskatchewan. The neighbourhood is bounded by 1st avenue on the south, 9th street on the east and the Willow Ridge neighbourhood on the west. The neighbourhood is currently expanding to the north and will double in size. It is a newer residential neighbourhood located in the west of Pilot Butte, Saskatchewan. Demographics There are over 70 homes in the neighbourhood, when the expansion is complete, there will be over 200 homes in Hillside Park. Services Hillside Park is currently only a residential neighbourhood, with no services. The closest services are located to the west of the neighbourhood. Category:Pilot Butte, Saskatchewan Category:Edenwold No. 158, Saskatchewan	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA FOURTH DISTRICT July Term 2014 ERIC PATRICK FLETCHER, Appellant, v. STATE OF FLORIDA, Appellee. No. 4D13-3146 [October 8, 2014] Appeal from the Circuit Court for the Nineteenth Judicial Circuit, St. Lucie County; Dan L. Vaughn, Judge; L.T. Case No. 562008CF003722A. Carey Haughwout, Public Defender, and Tom Wm. Odom, Assistant Public Defender, West Palm Beach, for appellant. Pamela Jo Bondi, Attorney General, Tallahassee, and James J. Carney, Assistant Attorney General, West Palm Beach, for appellee. MAY, J. The defendant appeals a final order revoking his probation on one count of manslaughter and sentencing him to a term of fifteen years imprisonment. We have reviewed the record and find no error with the exception that the written order revoking the defendant’s probation fails to comport with the trial court’s oral pronouncement. The trial court pronounced that the State met its burden of proving a violation of probation based on the following offenses: (1) simple battery, a lesser included offense of felony battery; (2) false imprisonment; and (3) aggravated assault with a deadly weapon. The order revoking probation however, indicates that the defendant violated his probation by committing a felony, rather than a simple, battery. The order revoking probation “must conform to the court’s oral pronouncement.” Perez v. State, 98 So. 3d 1216, 1216 (Fla. 3d DCA 2012). We therefore remand the case to the trial court for the sole purpose of amending the order revoking probation to conform to the trial court’s oral pronouncement. Affirmed, but remanded for the correction of the order revoking the defendant’s probation. STEVENSON and KLINGENSMITH, JJ., concur. * * * Not final until disposition of timely filed motion for rehearing. 2	{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,minimum-scale=1,user-scalable=no"/> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" /> <title>Switch RTL</title> <link href="../../../themes/iphone/iphone.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <link href="../../../themes/iphone/iphone_rtl.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <script type="text/javascript" src="../../../../../dojo/dojo.js" djConfig="parseOnLoad: true, has:{'dojo-bidi': true}"></script> <style> .color1 .mblSwitchBgLeft { background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#28B159), to(#75FBAC), color-stop(0.5, #3FEB84), color-stop(0.5, #4CEE8E)); } .color1 .mblSwitchBgRight { background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#CECECE), to(#FDFDFD), color-stop(0.5, #EEEEEE), color-stop(0.5, #F8F8F8)); } .color2 .mblSwitchBgLeft { background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#FF9D00), to(#FFCE80), color-stop(0.5, #FFBB4D), color-stop(0.5, #FFC871)); } .color2 .mblSwitchBgRight { background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#CECECE), to(#FDFDFD), color-stop(0.5, #EEEEEE), color-stop(0.5, #F8F8F8)); } .color1 .mblSwitchKnob, .color2 .mblSwitchKnob { background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#999999), to(#FAFAFA), color-stop(0.5, #BBBBBB), color-stop(0.5, #CACACA)); } .float { float: right; margin-right: 10px; } .bold { font-weight: bold; } </style> <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript"> dojo.require("dojo.parser"); // Use the lightweight parser. //dojo.require("dojox.mobile.parser"); dojo.require("dojox.mobile"); dojo.requireIf(!dojo.isWebKit, "dojox.mobile.compat"); dojo.require("doh.runner"); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="Switch_rtl.js"></script> </head> <body style="padding:15px;visibility:visible"> <div dojoType="dojox.mobile.View" selected="true" dir="rtl"> <div dojoType="dojox.mobile.RoundRect" shadow="true"> <span class="bold">Default Shape</span><br> <div class="float" dojoType="dojox.mobile.Switch" value="off"></div> <div dojoType="dojox.mobile.Switch" value="on" leftLabel="Start" rightLabel="Stop"></div> </div> <div dojoType="dojox.mobile.RoundRect" shadow="true"> <span class="bold">Round Shape 1</span><br> <div class="mblSwRoundShape1 float" dojoType="dojox.mobile.Switch" value="off"></div> <div class="mblSwRoundShape1 color1" dojoType="dojox.mobile.Switch" value="on" leftLabel="Start" rightLabel="Stop"></div> </div> <div dojoType="dojox.mobile.RoundRect" shadow="true"> <span class="bold">Round Shape 2</span><br> <div class="mblSwRoundShape2 float" dojoType="dojox.mobile.Switch" value="off"></div> <div class="mblSwRoundShape2 color2" dojoType="dojox.mobile.Switch" value="on" leftLabel="Start" rightLabel="Stop"></div> </div> <div dojoType="dojox.mobile.RoundRect" shadow="true"> <span class="bold">Arc Shape 1</span><br> <div class="mblSwArcShape1 float" dojoType="dojox.mobile.Switch" value="off"></div> <div class="mblSwArcShape1 color1" dojoType="dojox.mobile.Switch" value="on" leftLabel="Start" rightLabel="Stop"></div> </div> <div dojoType="dojox.mobile.RoundRect" shadow="true"> <span class="bold">Arc Shape 2</span><br> <div class="mblSwArcShape2 float" dojoType="dojox.mobile.Switch" value="off"></div> <div class="mblSwArcShape2 color2" dojoType="dojox.mobile.Switch" value="on" leftLabel="Start" rightLabel="Stop"></div> </div> </div> </body> </html>	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
As earlier reported, Adele’s 25 album makes a truly historic debut at No. 1 on the Billboard 200 chart. The set -- released on Nov. 20 through XL/Columbia Records -- earned 3.48 million equivalent album units in the week ending Nov. 26, according to Nielsen Music. Of that figure, 3.38 million were in pure album sales -- the single largest sales week for an album since Nielsen began tracking point-of-sale music purchases in 1991. The Billboard 200 chart ranks the most popular albums of the week based on multi-metric consumption, which includes traditional album sales, track equivalent albums (TEA) and streaming equivalent albums (SEA). The new Dec. 12-dated chart (where Adele is No. 1) will be posted in full to Billboard’s websites on Tuesday, Dec. 1. It almost goes without saying that 25’s equivalent album unit figure of 3.48 million is also the largest registered since the chart began tracking weekly popularity based on overall units in December of 2014. (A week ago, Justin Bieber set the former record of 649,000 units, when his Purpose album debuted at No. 1.) 25’s overall equivalent unit figure is comprised mostly of pure album sales, along with 96,000 in track equivalent album units, and another 8,000 in streaming equivalent album units. (All of 25’s streaming units come from streams of the single “Hello,” as it is the only song from the album available on streaming services.) 25 is Adele’s second No. 1 album, and follows the chart-topping 21, which returns to the top 10 for the first time in nearly two-and-a-half years, and to its highest rank in over three. It climbs 25-9 with 46,000 units (up 125 percent) and 34,000 in pure album sales (up 163 percent). 21 was last in the top 10 on the March 16, 2013-dated list, when it ranked at No. 10. It last ranked at No. 9 on the Nov. 3, 2012 chart. 21 has now spent 82 nonconsecutive weeks in the top 10. It was recently named the No. 1 all-time album on the Billboard 200 chart. 21 previously spent 24 nonconsecutive weeks at No. 1 on the chart -- the most weeks atop the list for an album by a woman in history. 21 is also the tenth-largest selling album of the Nielsen era, with 11.2 million sold. It’s been more than a year since an artist last had two concurrent top 10 albums, when Prince debuted two titles in the region on the Oct. 18, 2014-dated list (Art Official Age at No. 5 and Plectrumelectrum at No. 8). Before that, Led Zeppelin did it (with three albums) on June 21, 2014 when reissues of Led Zeppelin, Led Zeppelin II and Led Zeppelin III reentered the list at Nos. 7, 9 and 10, respectively. If we exclude instances where an act debuted two new albums or returned to the chart with newly reissued product, then we have to scroll back to March 17, 2012, when both Adele and Whitney Houston (in the wake of her death) each had multiple titles in the top 10. That week, Adele was Nos. 1 and 7 with 21 and 19, while Houston was Nos. 2, 5 and 10 with Whitney: The Greatest Hits, The Bodyguard soundtrack and her self-titled album. The Adele party continues at No. 20 on the latest Billboard 200, where her first album, 19, rises 35 spots with 27,000 units (up 208 percent) and 20,000 in pure album sales (up 252 percent). The last act to earn three simultaneous top 20-charting sets was Led Zeppelin on the Aug. 22-dated list, when its reissues of In Through the Out Door, Coda and Presence reentered the list at Nos. 9, 12 and 13, respectively. Barring reissue scenarios, the last act to tally three concurrent top 20 albums was Zac Brown Band on July 28, 2012. That week, the group’s Uncaged debuted at No. 1, while You Get What You Give rose 51-16 and The Foundation climbed 73-19. Back on this week’s Billboard 200, Justin Bieber’s Purpose slips from No. 1 to No. 2 in its second week with 290,000 units (down 55 percent). It sold 184,000 in traditional album sales (down 65 percent). One Direction’s Made In the A.M. falls from No. 2 to No. 3 with 108,000 units (down 76 percent) and 77,000 in album sales (down 81 percent). Rapper Jadakiss tallies the second-highest debut of the week, as his Top 5 Dead Or Alive -- his first studio album in more that six years -- enters at No. 4 with 66,000 units (with 60,000 of that in pure album sales). It’s his fourth top 10 album, following The Last Kiss (No. 3 in 2009), Kiss of Death (No. 1 in 2004) and Kiss Tha Game Goodbye (No. 5 in 2001). The Weeknd’s Beauty Behind the Madness climbs 8-5 with 65,000 units (up 48 percent), Pentatonix’s That’s Christmas To Me jumps 13-6 with 61,000 units (up 93 percent) and Chris Stapleton’s Traveller descends 6-7 with 58,000 units (though it is up 9 percent). Enya returns to the top 10 for the first time in seven years as her new album Dark Sky Island debuts at No. 8 (48,000 units; 46,000 in pure album sales). The set is her first collection of new recordings since the holiday effort And Winter Came… debuted and peaked at No. 8 on the Nov. 29, 2008-dated list. Before that, she visited the top 10 with Amarantine (No. 6 in 2005), A Day Without Rain (No. 2 in 2001) and The Memory of Trees (No. 9 in 1996). Rounding out the top 10 is Fetty Wap’s self-titled album, which climbs 11-10 with 38,000 units (up 15 percent).	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Q: how to use tf.metrics.__ with estimator model predict output I try to follow the tensorflow API 1.4 document to achieve what I need in a learning process. I am now at this stage, can produce a predict object for example: classifier = tf.estimator.DNNClassifier(feature_columns=feature_cols,hidden_units=[10, 20, 10], n_classes=3, model_dir="/tmp/xlz_model") predict = classifier.predict(input_fn=input_pd_fn_prt (test_f),predict_keys=["class_ids"]) label =tf.constant(test_l.values, tf.int64) how can I use predict and label in tf.metrics.auc for example: out, opt = tf.metrics.auc(label, predict) I have tried so many different options. there are no clear documentation how these tensorflow APIs can be should be used. A: The function returns 2 operations: auc, update_op = tf.metrics.auc(...) If you run sess.run(auc) you will get back the current auc value. This is the value you want to report on, for example, print sess.run([auc, cost], feed_dict={...}). The AUC metric may need to be computed over many calls to sess.run. For example, when the dataset you're computing the AUC for doesn't fit in memory. That's where the update_op comes in. You need to call it each time to accumulate the values needed to compute auc. So during a test set evaluation, you might have this: for i in range(num_batches): sess.run([accuracy, cost, update_op], feed_dict={...}) print("Final (accumulated) AUC value):", sess.run(auc)) When you want to reset the accumulated values (before you re-evaluate your test set, for example) you should re-initialize your local variables. The tf.metrics package wisely adds its accumulator variables to the local variables collection, which don't include trainable variables such as weights by default. sess.run(tf.local_variables_initializer()) # Resets AUC accumulator variables https://www.tensorflow.org/api_docs/python/tf/metrics/auc	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
{ "name": "on-finished", "description": "Execute a callback when a request closes, finishes, or errors", "version": "2.2.1", "contributors": [ { "name": "Douglas Christopher Wilson", "email": "[email protected]" }, { "name": "Jonathan Ong", "email": "[email protected]", "url": "http://jongleberry.com" } ], "license": "MIT", "repository": { "type": "git", "url": "https://github.com/jshttp/on-finished" }, "dependencies": { "ee-first": "1.1.0" }, "devDependencies": { "istanbul": "0.3.9", "mocha": "~2.2.4" }, "engines": { "node": ">= 0.8" }, "files": [ "HISTORY.md", "LICENSE", "index.js" ], "scripts": { "test": "mocha --reporter spec --bail --check-leaks test/", "test-cov": "istanbul cover node_modules/mocha/bin/_mocha -- --reporter dot --check-leaks test/", "test-travis": "istanbul cover node_modules/mocha/bin/_mocha --report lcovonly -- --reporter spec --check-leaks test/" }, "gitHead": "f3ecb92fb09d590d314ffe772a6ffd6f76c84223", "bugs": { "url": "https://github.com/jshttp/on-finished/issues" }, "homepage": "https://github.com/jshttp/on-finished", "_id": "[email protected]", "_shasum": "5c85c1cc36299f78029653f667f27b6b99ebc029", "_from": "on-finished@~2.2.1", "_npmVersion": "1.4.28", "_npmUser": { "name": "dougwilson", "email": "[email protected]" }, "maintainers": [ { "name": "dougwilson", "email": "[email protected]" }, { "name": "jongleberry", "email": "[email protected]" } ], "dist": { "shasum": "5c85c1cc36299f78029653f667f27b6b99ebc029", "tarball": "http://registry.npmjs.org/on-finished/-/on-finished-2.2.1.tgz" }, "directories": {}, "_resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/on-finished/-/on-finished-2.2.1.tgz", "readme": "ERROR: No README data found!" }	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
Q: Change background of class only on hover (with javascript) I'd like this piece of javascript to change only on hover instead of making it a permanent background. <script type="text/javascript"> $(function () { $('ul.slideshow-menu').find('a').fadeTo('slow', 1); $('ul.slideshow-menu').find('a').hover(function () { $(this).fadeTo('fast', 1); $('.pikachoose').css({ 'background-image': 'url(' + $(this).attr('src') + ')' }); }, function () { $(this).fadeTo('slow', 1); }); }); </script> Right now it looks for an image i set in my "a href" tag and it takes this url to the class ".pikachoose" and replaces its background image. I want it to do this only on HOVER and when nothing is hovered it changes back to the original background-image. Anyone got any ideas? A: In your second function simply set the pikachoose css back to the original url lile so : $('ul.slideshow-menu').find('a').hover(function(){ $(this).fadeTo('fast', 1); $('.pikachoose').css({ 'background-image' : 'url('+$(this).attr('src')+')' }); }, function(){ $(this).fadeTo('slow', 1); $('.pikachoose').css({ 'background-image' : 'url(youroriginalurl)' }); });	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // // (C) Copyright Ion Gaztanaga 2005-2013. Distributed under the Boost // Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file // LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) // // See http://www.boost.org/libs/container for documentation. // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// #ifndef BOOST_CONTAINER_DETAIL_ADAPTIVE_NODE_POOL_HPP #define BOOST_CONTAINER_DETAIL_ADAPTIVE_NODE_POOL_HPP #ifndef BOOST_CONFIG_HPP # include <boost/config.hpp> #endif #if defined(BOOST_HAS_PRAGMA_ONCE) # pragma once #endif #include <boost/container/detail/config_begin.hpp> #include <boost/container/detail/workaround.hpp> #include <boost/intrusive/set.hpp> #include <boost/container/detail/multiallocation_chain.hpp> #include <boost/container/detail/pool_common_alloc.hpp> #include <boost/container/detail/mutex.hpp> #include <boost/container/detail/adaptive_node_pool_impl.hpp> #include <boost/container/detail/multiallocation_chain.hpp> #include <boost/container/detail/type_traits.hpp> #include <cstddef> #include <cmath> #include <cassert> namespace boost { namespace container { namespace container_detail { template<bool AlignOnly> struct select_private_adaptive_node_pool_impl { typedef boost::container::container_detail:: private_adaptive_node_pool_impl < fake_segment_manager , unsigned(AlignOnly)::boost::container::adaptive_pool_flag::align_only \| ::boost::container::adaptive_pool_flag::size_ordered \| ::boost::container::adaptive_pool_flag::address_ordered > type; }; //!Pooled memory allocator using an smart adaptive pool. Includes //!a reference count but the class does not delete itself, this is //!responsibility of user classes. Node size (NodeSize) and the number of //!nodes allocated per block (NodesPerBlock) are known at compile time. template< std::size_t NodeSize , std::size_t NodesPerBlock , std::size_t MaxFreeBlocks , std::size_t OverheadPercent > class private_adaptive_node_pool : public select_private_adaptive_node_pool_impl<(OverheadPercent == 0)>::type { typedef typename select_private_adaptive_node_pool_impl<OverheadPercent == 0>::type base_t; //Non-copyable private_adaptive_node_pool(const private_adaptive_node_pool &); private_adaptive_node_pool &operator=(const private_adaptive_node_pool &); public: typedef typename base_t::multiallocation_chain multiallocation_chain; static const std::size_t nodes_per_block = NodesPerBlock; //!Constructor. Never throws private_adaptive_node_pool() : base_t(0 , NodeSize , NodesPerBlock , MaxFreeBlocks , (unsigned char)OverheadPercent) {} }; //!Pooled memory allocator using adaptive pool. Includes //!a reference count but the class does not delete itself, this is //!responsibility of user classes. Node size (NodeSize) and the number of //!nodes allocated per block (NodesPerBlock) are known at compile time template< std::size_t NodeSize , std::size_t NodesPerBlock , std::size_t MaxFreeBlocks , std::size_t OverheadPercent > class shared_adaptive_node_pool : public private_adaptive_node_pool <NodeSize, NodesPerBlock, MaxFreeBlocks, OverheadPercent> { private: typedef private_adaptive_node_pool <NodeSize, NodesPerBlock, MaxFreeBlocks, OverheadPercent> private_node_allocator_t; public: typedef typename private_node_allocator_t::multiallocation_chain multiallocation_chain; //!Constructor. Never throws shared_adaptive_node_pool() : private_node_allocator_t(){} //!Destructor. Deallocates all allocated blocks. Never throws ~shared_adaptive_node_pool() {} //!Allocates array of count elements. Can throw std::bad_alloc void allocate_node() { //----------------------- scoped_lock<default_mutex> guard(mutex_); //----------------------- return private_node_allocator_t::allocate_node(); } //!Deallocates an array pointed by ptr. Never throws void deallocate_node(void *ptr) { //----------------------- scoped_lock<default_mutex> guard(mutex_); //----------------------- private_node_allocator_t::deallocate_node(ptr); } //!Allocates a singly linked list of n nodes ending in null pointer. //!can throw std::bad_alloc void allocate_nodes(const std::size_t n, multiallocation_chain &chain) { //----------------------- scoped_lock<default_mutex> guard(mutex_); //----------------------- return private_node_allocator_t::allocate_nodes(n, chain); } void deallocate_nodes(multiallocation_chain &chain) { //----------------------- scoped_lock<default_mutex> guard(mutex_); //----------------------- private_node_allocator_t::deallocate_nodes(chain); } //!Deallocates all the free blocks of memory. Never throws void deallocate_free_blocks() { //----------------------- scoped_lock<default_mutex> guard(mutex_); //----------------------- private_node_allocator_t::deallocate_free_blocks(); } private: default_mutex mutex_; }; } //namespace container_detail { } //namespace container { } //namespace boost { #include <boost/container/detail/config_end.hpp> #endif //#ifndef BOOST_CONTAINER_DETAIL_ADAPTIVE_NODE_POOL_HPP	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
Q: [Rails3]Not able to call a custom mmethod of post controller outside the post controller I defined one of my custom method in PostsController as follows:- class PostsController < ApplicationController ...<<other methods truncated from display >> public def update_bid_winner (winner_id) @post.bid_winner_id = winner_id @post.save end end But when I try to call it from some other controller (BidsController in my case). Where Bid is a nesteded resource of post:- resources :posts do resources :bids do member do get 'offer_bid' end end end I tried to call my custom method as follows from the bids controller :- def offer_bid @post = Post.find(params[:post_id]) @bid = Bid.find(params[:id]) @post.update_bid_winner(@bid.user_id) <<<<<<<<<< Here goes the call @post.save redirect_to post_path(@post) end But I get an error saying that undefined method update_bid_winner :- undefined method `update_bid_winner' for #<Post:0xb68114f4> Help me out. am I doing anything wrong here? If so , please suggest ways to achieve the same !! Thanks in Advance. A: PostsController and Post are two different classes. Notice how @post is a Post object: @post = Post.find(params[:post_id]) Define the method in app/models/post.rb instead of app/controllers/posts_controller.rb.	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Holly Taylor as Paige Jennings TV Reviews All of our TV reviews in one convenient place. Prev Next View All The Americans A- The Americans Season 3 Created by Joe Weisberg Starring Keri Russell, Matthew Rhys, Noah Emmerich, Holly Taylor, Alison Wright Season finale airs Wednesday, April 22, at 10 p.m. Eastern on FX Format Hour-long cold-war thriller. Twelve season-three episodes watched for review. At a turning point in season three of The Americans (and a turning point for the entire series), Paige Jennings (Holly Taylor) learns the truth about her parents: They’re KGB spies posing as American citizens. Like nearly ever major event on the show, this is a crisis that was long coming, and yet still manages to arrive as a surprise. After weeks of arguing over their daughter’s future, Elizabeth and Philip Jennings (Keri Russell and Matthew Rhys) come home to find at least some part of the decision has been taken out of their hands. Paige is old enough to start asking questions and demanding answers, and, with great reluctance and care, her parents try to give her what she wants. Unfortunately, what Paige wants, and what she needs, aren’t necessarily compatible. The Americans is a routinely grim, resolutely tragic series, and one of the core engines that drives its impeccably crafted misery is the understanding that no matter how many wigs the Jennings might don, they can never truly separate their lives from their work. Paige requires the truth, but, being a teenager, she expects that truth to be available in clear, distinct lines, when reality is a lot more complicated. Every subterfuge carefully constructed to provide the Jennings with the cover they need to do their jobs becomes an agonizing betrayal. In one scene, Elizabeth tries to heal some of the damage by telling Paige a story about her real grandmother. Paige listens to her mother explain, and then says, “How can I believe anything you say?” The scene ends right after the question, because there is no answer. Trust is an essential part of how the Jennings go about their business, using and manipulating the needs of other people to create relationships that can then be exploited for ulterior means. And both Elizabeth and Philip are experts at their work, even if their efforts cost them dearly. While The Americans’ gray skies and no-real-winners approach to spycraft gives the series an illusion of realism, the consistently high-quality expertise of its protagonists pokes holes in that illusion. It’s doubtful real-life agents are quite so adept at, well, everything. But that exaggerated expertise is essential for the series’ exquisite sense of tension, and for making sure each character is perpetually on the verge of catastrophe. It also makes for a startlingly effective metaphor of the tempestuous sparring between teenagers and parents. For much of the first half of the third season, the debate was centered between Philip and Elizabeth, with Philip wanting to protect Paige from knowing too much, and Elizabeth wanting to make Paige a part of their “real” lives. With Frank Langella as their new handler, manipulating from the sidelines under the guise of calm, reasonable authority, the fight played out much like any mother and father arguing over the future of their children. What’s striking is how such a familiar issue lends itself to the tactics the two spies were already using outside the home. Operating with the best of intentions, Elizabeth and Philip treat their daughter like a potential asset, pitting themselves against one another as they try to manipulate her for her own good. Paige’s storyline is only one of several threads running throughout the season, and as the finale approaches, it’s clear that something is coming to a head, even if it’s difficult to pinpoint precisely what that something is. Is Martha (Alison Wright) as doomed as she appears to be? Will Philip have to make contact with Kimmy (Julia Garner), the underage daughter of an important target, and will that contact force him to betray a true innocent? Will Stan (Noah Emmerich) reveal the double agent Russian “expatriate” he’s been guarding, and will he finally get over his ex-wife? Will Nina (Annet Mahendru) earn her freedom, and will her plot ever connect with everyone else’s in a way that’s more meaningful than vague thematic relevance? Will the batteries in Henry’s (Keidrich Sellati) football game ever die? While the Jennings have never come across as heroes, the third season has also made sure to underline again and again the cost of what they do, and how hard it is to defend that cost outside of the moment. The word “evil” even comes up. It’s been relative easy to make the moral adjustments required to root for Philip and Elizabeth as they commit horrible acts in the name of the motherland, but now that Paige is involved, those calculations refuse to come out so evenly. Suddenly it matters if these spy games are evil, in a way it didn’t quite seem to before; and it’s hard to see the answers satisfying anyone. The Americans remains one of the best-written shows on television, and quite simply the best at the constructing intricate, layered plots. Every episode, every scene, gives the impression of a gun being cocked and placed carefully on a wall. It helps to keep the pacing tight even if the immediate details are obscured. While Nina remains a tragic figure, her struggles overseas don’t immediately seem to have much to do with anything else—yet it is still possible that some other shoe will drop in the finale and pull everything together. (For that reason, it’s worth keeping an eye on Henry. The number of times his parents and sister have pointed out how oblivious he is this season might be leading somewhere.) But that intricate plotting would not be nearly as effective if it weren’t for the strong undercurrent of feeling that powers it. While there were several horrors throughout the third season, none hit quite as hard as the panicked, furious look on Paige’s face when she demanded to know if any of the photos of the family album were real. (It doesn’t hurt that those earlier catastrophes all served to reinforce how easily situations in the Jennings’ lives can get out of hand, and how “getting out of hand” nearly always means someone dies.) The greatest genre shows use their genre to dig at universal realities, and this season has uncovered a bitter one: childhood doesn’t end, it shatters. And in the wreckage that follows, no one escapes without injury. A finale review by Erik Adams will run after the episode’s East Coast airing.	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Hate Trumps Love With The Left!!! CDN – http://www.conservativedailynews.com With all these peace ,love and tolerance people suddenly rioting in the streets, shouting hateful epithets and saying Trump is not their president and becoming the very thing they are opposing, I am reminded of a famous Archie Bunker poster (for those of you that remember him) that said “There s a little bit of … CDN – http://www.conservativedailynews.com	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Cloning and characterization of chicken adipocyte fatty acid binding protein gene. Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are members of a superfamily of lipid-binding proteins and occur intracellularly in vertebrates and invertebrates. This study was designed to clone and characterize the adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) gene in the chicken. PCR primers were designed according to mammalian A-FABP gene sequence to amplify partial cDNA of A-FABP gene from chicken adipose tissues, and the full length of the gene was cloned by 5'RACE and 3'RACE. Analysis of sequence showed that the cDNA of the chicken A-FABP gene was 74 and 73% homologous with porcine and human A-FABP gene, respectively. The similarity was 77, 28, and 23% at the predicted amino acid level with human A-FABP, human L-FABP, and human I-FABP, respectively. RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis indicated that the chicken A-FABP gene, similar to that of the mammal, is only expressed in fat tissues. This is the first report to identify and characterize A-FABP gene in the chicken.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
It is known that absorbent tampons made of soft, low density, relatively uncompressed, resiliently deformable materials, and especially of materials such as hydrophilic or mensesphilic polyurethane foams, not only provide high absorbent capacity for menstrual exudate but also protect against early leakage. This is attributed to the fact that uncompressed low density materials are in their most effective absorbent state from the start and do not have to be acted upon, or depend on expansion activating agents, to expand to useful size. In addition, the uncompressed material has surface areas which more readily accept exudate than do the hardened surface areas of conventional compressed tampons. Further the inherent springy resiliency such foams possess enable these foams to conform more readily to the multiple irregular folds, ridges and valleys of the vaginal walls when the walls are in their normal collapsed state thus reducing the possibilities for bypass leakage through unobstructed channels. While high pressures exerted by the walls on any particular portion of the foam will compress the foam considerably in that particular area, immediately adjacent wall areas which exert lesser pressure compress the very resilient foam correspondingly less, and the tendency of the foam to expand to its normal uncompressed condition, will help it fill any voids which exist. This invention is directed to a tampon made from such resiliently deformable materials. The described structure is one which has been found particularly effective in filling the vaginal cavity after insertion. An inserter designed to hold the tampon in resiliently deformed condition for delivery into the vagina is also described.	{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }
When a copywriter gets married she hems and haws about each and every word and comma on each and every print piece and sign. She stresses not about whether or not her dress will still fit on her big day but whether or not the program she wrote will still fit her and her future husband’s voice on the big day. She has trust and respect in more traditional invitation language, but at the same time resists the traditional or “usual” phrasing. She obsesses over finding the perfect balance between personality and clarity. She takes great care. Her invitations are direct with a degree of play. She chooses clarity. She chooses simplicity. She comes to regret the use of a negative (“can’t wait!”) when asking for RSVPs for her big day. She reads “can’t” first and keeps thinking people can’t come. It’s the one thing on the invites she wishes she hadn’t done. When a copywriter gets married her out of town guests get a treat. They aren’t coming in for a wedding, but a mini-cation that should be fully taken advantage of. They are given the tools to eat and explore their way through the city…but only the bride and groom’s favorite parts because the bean is a joke and Giordanos is gross. Fine, they will be given a bulleted list of the unnecessary: The Bean, Navy Pier, etc but the no Giordanos and the tower is called Sears. When a copywriter gets married her ‘welcome note’ is a well laid-out brochure. Her website is self-strategized, written and built. There are tabs, glorious tabs. Well-organized, pertinent information with enough personality and play to keep her family and friends engaged — though they’ll just ask her in person for all of the info anyway. When a copywriter gets married all wedding copy is carefully crafted. Her program is simple but sassy and her and her groom’s “note to the guests” is heartwarming, while still warranting at least one hearty laugh. Her menu has a creative conceit and ends in a joke. A lot of things are clean, simple and end in a joke. The signage becomes her outlet, a place where fun can reign supreme with no mothers reigning her in. There is probably more signage than there needs to be, she doesn’t care. The bar sign has an alliteration, the photobooth sign is a giggle and, the puns, oh the puns scattered across the reception hall. So many puns. Simple but refreshing puns. Everyone loves puns (please do not comment if you do not like puns). Words adorn the room as much as flowers and candles do. The design is great, but without strong copy, what is making this wedding truly “them”. It will be a beautiful day regardless, but the messaging must be on point. When a copywriter gets married her vows come surprisingly easy. She knows the key points, she knows the emotion, and she 100% supports the brand that launches with those little silver bands. [Photos: Lauren Natalie Photography] Tagged with: chicago copywriter • chicago wedding • freelance chicago copywriter • wedding copy • wedding copywriter • wedding design • wedding print • wedding programs • wedding signage • wedding writing • young copywriter	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Q: Sync scrolling of multiple RecyclerViews I have a ViewPager showing a fragment per page. This fragment holds a list of items inside a RecyclerView. The list of items is always the same size and the views for the items are also of the same height. When scrolling one of the RecyclerViews, I want the other RecyclerViews to scroll at the same time and the same distance. How would I synchronise the scrolling of the RecyclerViews? A: Here was my solution. The less the code the better... lvDetail & lvDetail2 are the RecyclerViews you want to keep in sync. final RecyclerView.OnScrollListener[] scrollListeners = new RecyclerView.OnScrollListener[2]; scrollListeners[0] = new RecyclerView.OnScrollListener( ) { @Override public void onScrolled(RecyclerView recyclerView, int dx, int dy) { super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy); lvDetail2.removeOnScrollListener(scrollListeners[1]); lvDetail2.scrollBy(dx, dy); lvDetail2.addOnScrollListener(scrollListeners[1]); } }; scrollListeners[1] = new RecyclerView.OnScrollListener( ) { @Override public void onScrolled(RecyclerView recyclerView, int dx, int dy) { super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy); lvDetail.removeOnScrollListener(scrollListeners[0]); lvDetail.scrollBy(dx, dy); lvDetail.addOnScrollListener(scrollListeners[0]); } }; lvDetail.addOnScrollListener(scrollListeners[0]); lvDetail2.addOnScrollListener(scrollListeners[1]); A: I believe it is relevant for you to understand its workings, so I am going to explain the whole procedure that I followed to design my solution. Note that this example is for only two RecyclerViews, but doing it with more is as easy as using an array of RecyclerViews. The first option that comes to mind is listening for scroll changes on both ScrollViews and, when one of them scrolls, use scrollBy(int x, int y) on the other one. Unfortunately, programmatically scrolling will also trigger the listener, so you'll end up in a loop. To overcome this problem, you will need to setup an OnItemTouchListener that adds the proper ScrollListener when a RecyclerView is touched, and removes it when the scrolling stops. This works almost flawlessly, but if you perform a quick fling in a long RecyclerView, and then scroll it again before it finishes, only the first scroll will be transferred. To work around this, you will need to ensure that the OnScrollListener is only added when the RecyclerView is idle. Let's take a look at the source: public class SelfRemovingOnScrollListener extends RecyclerView.OnScrollListener { @Override public final void onScrollStateChanged(@NonNull final RecyclerView recyclerView, final int newState) { super.onScrollStateChanged(recyclerView, newState); if (newState == RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE) { recyclerView.removeOnScrollListener(this); } } } This is the class from which you need to extend your OnScrollListeners. This ensures that they are removed when needed. Then I have the two listeners, one for each RecyclerView: private final RecyclerView.OnScrollListener mLeftOSL = new SelfRemovingOnScrollListener() { @Override public void onScrolled(@NonNull final RecyclerView recyclerView, final int dx, final int dy) { super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy); mRightRecyclerView.scrollBy(dx, dy); } }, mRightOSL = new SelfRemovingOnScrollListener() { @Override public void onScrolled(@NonNull final RecyclerView recyclerView, final int dx, final int dy) { super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy); mLeftRecyclerView.scrollBy(dx, dy); } }; And then upon initialization you can setup the OnItemTouchListeners. It would be better to set up a single listener for the whole view instead, but RecyclerView does not support this. OnItemTouchListeners don't pose a problem anyway: mLeftRecyclerView.addOnItemTouchListener(new RecyclerView.OnItemTouchListener() { private int mLastY; @Override public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(@NonNull final RecyclerView rv, @NonNull final MotionEvent e) { Log.d("debug", "LEFT: onInterceptTouchEvent"); final Boolean ret = rv.getScrollState() != RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE; if (!ret) { onTouchEvent(rv, e); } return Boolean.FALSE; } @Override public void onTouchEvent(@NonNull final RecyclerView rv, @NonNull final MotionEvent e) { Log.d("debug", "LEFT: onTouchEvent"); final int action; if ((action = e.getAction()) == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN && mRightRecyclerView .getScrollState() == RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE) { mLastY = rv.getScrollY(); rv.addOnScrollListener(mLeftOSL); } else { if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP && rv.getScrollY() == mLastY) { rv.removeOnScrollListener(mLeftOSL); } } } @Override public void onRequestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(final boolean disallowIntercept) { Log.d("debug", "LEFT: onRequestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent"); } }); mRightRecyclerView.addOnItemTouchListener(new RecyclerView.OnItemTouchListener() { private int mLastY; @Override public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(@NonNull final RecyclerView rv, @NonNull final MotionEvent e) { Log.d("debug", "RIGHT: onInterceptTouchEvent"); final Boolean ret = rv.getScrollState() != RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE; if (!ret) { onTouchEvent(rv, e); } return Boolean.FALSE; } @Override public void onTouchEvent(@NonNull final RecyclerView rv, @NonNull final MotionEvent e) { Log.d("debug", "RIGHT: onTouchEvent"); final int action; if ((action = e.getAction()) == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN && mLeftRecyclerView .getScrollState () == RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE) { mLastY = rv.getScrollY(); rv.addOnScrollListener(mRightOSL); } else { if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP && rv.getScrollY() == mLastY) { rv.removeOnScrollListener(mRightOSL); } } } @Override public void onRequestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(final boolean disallowIntercept) { Log.d("debug", "RIGHT: onRequestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent"); } }); } Note also that, in my particular case, the RecyclerViews are not the first ones to receive the touch event, so I need to intercept it. If this is not your case, you can (should) merge the code from onInterceptTouchEvent(...) into onTouchEvent(...). Finally, this will cause a crash if your user attempts to scroll your two RecyclerViews at the same time. The best effort-quality solution possible here is to set android:splitMotionEvents="false" in the direct parent containing the RecyclerViews. You can see an example with this code here. A: I think I have found a very easy and short answer. as Jorge Antonio Díaz-Benito said "The first option that comes to mind is listening for scroll changes on both ScrollViews and, when one of them scrolls, use scrollBy(int x, int y) on the other one. Unfortunately, programmatically scrolling will also trigger the listener, so you'll end up in a loop." So you need to fix this issue. If you just keep track of who is scrolling they won't loop. SOLUTION public class SelfScrolListener extends RecyclerView.OnScrollListener { @Override public void onScrollStateChanged(RecyclerView recyclerView, int newState) { super.onScrollStateChanged(recyclerView, newState); if (newState == RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE) { viewIsScrolling = -1; } } } This is your custom OnScrollListener to check if the scrollState is IDLE. is that is true -> no one is scrolling. so the `int viewIsScolling = -1 now you need to detect if you can scroll. this is the code: int viewIsScrolling = 1; boolean firstIsTouched = false; boolean secondIsTouched = false; SelfScrolListener firstOSL= new SelfScrolListener() { @Override public void onScrolled(@NonNull final RecyclerView recyclerView, final int dx, final int dy) { super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy); if (firstIsTouched) { if (viewIsScrolling == -1) { viewIsScrolling = 0; } if (viewIsScrolling == 0) { secondRecyclerView.scrollBy(dx, dy); } } } }; SelfScrolListener secondOSL= new SelfScrolListener() { @Override public void onScrolled(@NonNull final RecyclerView recyclerView, final int dx, final int dy) { super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy); if(secondIsTouched){ if (viewIsScrolling == -1) { viewIsScrolling = 1; } if (viewIsScrolling == 1) { firstRecyclerView.scrollBy(dx, dy); } } } }; firstRecyclerView.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() { @Override public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) { firstIsTouched= true; return false; } }); secondRecyclerView.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() { @Override public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) { secondIsTouched= true; return false; } }); firstRecyclerView.addOnScrollListener(firstOSL); secondRecyclerView.addOnScrollListener(secondOSL); viewIsScrolling = a global int and set in the beginning to -1; the state that no one is scrolling. you can ad as many recycleviews as you want.	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
A longtime College of Southern Nevada sociology professor is facing felony gun charges in connection with an on-campus shooting on the second day of classes. Mark J. Bird was charged last month with discharging a gun within a prohibited structure, carrying a concealed weapon without a permit and possessing a dangerous weapon on school property, court records show. He was found bleeding from a self-inflicted gunshot wound to his arm about 8:15 a.m. on Aug. 28 outside a bathroom in the Charleston campus K building. Inside the bathroom, campus police found a $100 bill taped to a mirror along with a note that said, "For the janitor," according to Birdís arrest report. On the floor of the restroom was a black-and-white, .22-caliber pistol and one spent shell casing. ... While waiting for authorities to arrive, Bird said he had shot himself in protest of President Donald Trump, police noted in their report. The report did not elaborate.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Q: UIProgressView hides when scroll the tableview In my iphone app i am having a button, when I click on the button, download operation starts and i am replacing the button with UIProgressView. This UIProgressView will show the download progress. But once a UIProgressView is added, when I scroll it is disappeared. Here is my code: // Customize the appearance of table view cells. - (UITableViewCell )tableView:(UITableView )tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath )indexPath { static NSString CellIdentifier = @"Cell"; UIMenuItemCell cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:CellIdentifier]; if(cell == nil) cell = [self getCellContentView:CellIdentifier]; cell.cellitemImage = (UIImageView )[cell viewWithTag:2]; cell.cellItemButton = (UIButton )[cell viewWithTag:3]; DataBaseClass itemObj = [appDelegate.itemArray objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; NSString url; if([itemObj.itemStatus isEqualToString:@"Available"]){ cell.cellItemButton.userInteractionEnabled = YES; cell.userInteractionEnabled = YES; [cell.cellItemButton setTitle:@"" forState:UIControlStateNormal]; [cell.cellItemButton setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"img_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal]; [cell.cellItemButton setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"img_pressed"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted]; [cell.cellItemButton addTarget:self action:@selector(download) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; url = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",itemObj.availableIcon]; }else if([itemObj.itemStatus isEqualToString:@"Downloading"]){ url = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",itemObj.availableIcon]; [cell.contentView addSubview:myprogressView]; cell.cellItemButton.hidden = YES; } [cell.cellitemImage setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:url] placeholderImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"item01.png"]]; cell.cellItemName.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",itemObj.itemName]; return cell; } - (void)download{ UIButton btn = (UIButton )clickedBtnSender; UIMenuItemCell cell = [(UIMenuItemCell )[[clickedBtnSender superview] superview] retain]; myprogressView = [[[CustomProgressView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(25, 140, 100, 21)] retain]; myprogressView.tag = selectedTag; btn.hidden = YES; for (UIProgressView currentProgress in cell.contentView.subviews) { if ([currentProgress isKindOfClass:[UIProgressView class]]){ [currentProgress removeFromSuperview]; } } [cell.contentView addSubview:myprogressView]; } Please help. EDIT - (UIMenuItemCell ) getCellContentView:(NSString )cellIdentifier { CGRect CellFrame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 150, 60); CGRect imgFrame = CGRectMake(20, 48, 110, 123); CGRect btnFrame = CGRectMake(25, 140, 100, 26); CGRect progressFrame = CGRectMake(25, 140, 100, 21); UIImageView itemImg; UIButton itemBtn; UIProgressView itemProgView; UIMenuItemCell cell = [[UIMenuItemCell alloc] init] ; cell.frame = CellFrame; //Initialize ImageView itemImg = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:imgFrame]; itemImg.tag = 2; [cell.contentView addSubview:itemImg]; //Initialize Button itemBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom]; itemBtn.frame = btnFrame; itemBtn.tag = 3; itemBtn.titleLabel.textColor = [UIColor blueColor]; itemBtn.titleLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:9.0]; [cell.contentView addSubview:itemBtn]; //Initialize ProgressView itemProgView = [[CustomProgressView alloc]initWithFrame:progressFrame]; itemProgView.tag = 4; //[cell.contentView addSubview:itemProgView]; return cell; } A: I think you need to have unique cellIdentifier for each cell - (UITableViewCell )tableView:(UITableView )tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath )indexPath { NSString CellIdentifier = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Cell%d", indexPath.row]; UIMenuItemCell cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:CellIdentifier]; if(cell == nil) { cell = [self getCellContentView:CellIdentifier]; // Some codes here } return cell; } Additional based on you last edit Change UIMenuItemCell cell = [[UIMenuItemCell alloc] init]; to UIMenuItemCell *cell = [[UIMenuItemCell alloc] initWithFrame:CellFrame reuseIdentifier:cellIdentifier];	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Q: How to implement an enum and switch statement in Swift based on properties that change? I'm trying to implement some logic in my code to provide a "gate" to segueing to another VC based on an in app purchase. When the user clicks on the add button I want 3 possible outcomes: (1) if user has purchased IAP, segue, (2) if user has not purchased but var x < 1 (i.e. they haven’t added before), segue so they can add a property once (3) if user has not purchased but var x >= 1, don’t segue and show alert view Below is how I think this should be set up in Swift, however I'm not sure how I can get the values I want into my enum? what would work best here in Swift? enum Access { case Purchased //a bool true or false case AddOne // not purchased but people < 1 case Locked //not purchased and people >= 1 } switch Access { case .Purchased: // segue case .AddOne: // segue case .Locked: // alertView } A: Based on what you described an enum may not be needed: class MyViewController : UIViewController { var purchased = false var people = 0 @IBAction func handleButton (UIButton button) { if purchased { // segue } else if people < 1 { // segue } else { // alertView } } } or, using an enum if you've already mapped from (purchased, people) to the enum: class MyViewController : UIViewController { var access : Access = .Purchased @IBAction func handleButton (UIButton button) { switch access { case .Purchased: // segue case .AddOne: // segue case .Locked: // alert } } }	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Subscribe to our mailing list Calendar DOCOMOMO US Receives AIA Honors Published by info on Fri, 2009-02-06 01:36 DOCOMOMO US Selected as Recipient of the American Institute of Architects 2009 Institute Honors for Collaborative Achievement For immediate release:New York, NY. – February 5, 2009 – The American Institute of Architects (AIA) has selected DOCOMOMO US as recipient of the 2009 Institute Honors for Collaborative Achievement. The award, to be presented at the 2009 AIA National Convention and Design Exposition in San Francisco, recognizes and encourages distinguished achievements of allied professionals, clients, organizations, architect teams, knowledge communities, and others who have had a beneficial influence on or advanced the architectural profession. DOCOMOMO USAffiliated with more than 50 international working parties and 10 national chapters, DOCOMOMO US is dedicated to the documentation and conservation of buildings, sites, and neighborhoods of the Modern Movement. John Morris Dixon, FAIA, on behalf of the AIA Committee on Design, nominated the organization for its vigorous and effective work to publicize Modern landmarks, document key works for archives, and research and disseminate preservation techniques particular to Modern buildings. “DOCOMOMO US, with its diverse membership of architects, preservationists, historians, and enthusiasts, has become both a recognized force and a respected name in the preservation of Modern heritage in the U.S.,” lauds MoMA Philip Johnson Chief Curator Barry Bergdoll. Other award recipients include the collaborative contributions of a photographer (Peter Aaron) and an engineer (Guy J.P. Nordenson); a textbook (The Architecture Handbook: A Student Guide to Understanding Buildings, by Jennifer Masengarb with Krisann Rehbein) and a magazine (Metropolis); and an essay competition (Berkeley Undergraduate Prize for Architectural Design Excellence). About The American Institute of ArchitectsFor over 150 years, members of the American Institute of Architects have worked with each other and their communities to create more valuable, healthy, secure, and sustainable buildings and cityscapes. By using sustainable design practices, materials, and techniques, AIA architects are uniquely poised to provide the leadership and guidance needed to provide solutions to address climate change. AIA architects walk the walk on sustainable design. Visit www.aia.org/walkthewalk.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
//----------------------------------------------- // Copyright 2010 Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute // Written by Jared Simpson ([email protected]) // Released under the GPL //----------------------------------------------- // // ReadInfoTable - A 0-indexed table of ID, length pairs // Used to convert suffix array hits to overlaps // #ifndef READINFOTABLE_H #define READINFOTABLE_H #include "Util.h" #include "SeqReader.h" #include <map> enum ReadInfoOption { RIO_NONE, RIO_NUMERICID }; struct ReadInfo { ReadInfo() : length(0) {} ReadInfo(const std::string& i, const uint32_t& l) : id(i), length(l) {} std::string id; uint32_t length; }; typedef std::vector<ReadInfo> InfoVector; class ReadInfoTable { public: // ReadInfoTable() {} // Load the table using the read in filename // If num_expected > 0, reserve room in the table for num_expected reads ReadInfoTable(std::string filename, size_t num_expected = 0, ReadInfoOption options = RIO_NONE); ~ReadInfoTable(); // const ReadInfo getReadInfo(size_t idx) const; std::string getReadID(size_t idx) const; size_t getReadLength(size_t idx) const; size_t getCount() const; size_t countSumLengths() const; void clear(); private: std::vector<int> m_lengths; std::vector<std::string> m_ids; bool m_numericIDs; }; #endif	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
There are plenty of specialists in the NBA. There’s the bangers down low that get you rebounds, the speedsters that burn rubber more than Herbie and Lindsay Lohan, the scorers who rack up points using a variety of skills. But then, there are the shooters. The guys that will light you up any given night from any point beyond the arc. There’s Ray Allen, the proven veteran who has more clutch moments than standard car drivers. There’s Kevin Durant, the scorer with touch for torching from deep. Then, there’s Steph Curry. Curry is the new kid on the block that decided to shoot up the whole league from deep, whether it was in New York where he went 11-13 from deep and scored 54 points in MSG! The kid can shoot and shoot well, he lit up the Denver Nuggets in the playoffs and gave the Spurs their most challenging series other than the Heat. It was easy to look past him for his shortcomings and numerous injury issues, but if you leave this sniper open, he will take the shot and most likely will leave you wondering if he could Mark Wahlberg in disguise.. We’ve heard this term in a variety of ways. “Veterans”, “Old”, “Golden Years”, “Aged”. Some are compliments, the others a dig at the age of a team or certain players. In the NBA you see it around the league, the New York Knicks were one Tracy McGrady away from being the “Expendables”, old players past their prime that still want the spotlight (I’m looking at you Sylvester Stallone) the Spurs are the embodiment of “Space Cowboys” grizzled veterans who show the kids how it’s done and then there’s the new look New York Nets, closely resembling “Stand Up Guys” old dudes who still could pack a punch in scoring and in defense but you’re worried they will break down any minute. (without the help of a “magic pill”) They are masters of their game, thinkers, leaders, guys who have weathered the storm of hype, loss and icing of every joint in their body. These are the guys who you want to ride into the sunset one last time. The Spurs were close to it last year, barely missing Timmy’s most epic exit ever. Then there are the guys who want to soak in the glory of playing, proving to themselves and others they still got some gas left in the tank (Kobe you are an embodiment of hard work, and possibly the newest “Rocky” movie. These guys are the one’s you’ll talk about for years to come, the one’s that some people grew up with watching dominate and then for some, sadly watching the old guys wither away. They are looking for one more opportunity, one last crusade. Don’t write them off just yet, I know Kevin Garnett and Tim Duncan would still have something to say if you did. They are the Old School, they are the Old Guard. This page shows the comparison of any two players you choose to go against each other This app is a simple way to compare any two players in NBA history using advanced statistics to figure out each player’s effieciency, strengths, weaknesses, clutch performances, etc. With the information all stored into the app one can pit Kobe Bryant vs. Michael Jordan, Magic Johnson vs. LeBron James and so on and so forth. Using the statistics and running simulations of how each player would play each other one can answer the age old question of who was better. Not only that but having the ability to choose any player one could use this app as simple scouting report, finding out where their sweet spots are to score, what part of their game is weakest (ball handling, long distance shooting, post ups, etc.) Highlights of players also can be shared throughout the app sharing the knowledge of how greatness in basketball stretches back into decades, arguments of, “Well he never won a ring.” could be put to rest. First, I apologize if you are a Miami Heat fan reading this, actually no, I hope you realize that your team is evil in every facet! (Just kidding, kind of..) Okay, so we know the story. Miami Heat builds it’s team into a juggernaut after the 2010 NBA season. All the teams that face them are getting crushed by the Emperor (Pat Riley) who persuaded his loyal servant Darth Vader to join him (LeBron James) and a slew of other villains bent on dominating the galaxy, err the league. After the Death Star was destroyed by those dastardly rebels who had no shot to begin with (Dallas Mavericks) they decide to just go into full f*ck you mode and start destroying everything, they decimate Hoth (2012 NBA Finals) with an armada of AT-AT’s with LeBron James at the reigns and Mike Miller’s barrage of threes (Where the hell did that come from?!) killing any dream that the rebels would win. (So sorry Thunder fans, I’m one of you..) So the Empire just goes on an all out blitz on the galaxy. So we get to the Spurs, the last hope, the dutiful, well rounded, under appreciated team of the decade. They train with Master Yoda, (Popovich, seriously, he is smartest coach in the league, possible top 3 coach as well) sharpen their skills with the force and looks like they have a shot of knocking off Darth Vader and his cronies Boba Fett (Dwayne Wade) and Jar-Jar Binks. (Chris Bosh.. Just kidding, he’s more of all the storm troopers who met their demise and yes I know Jar-Jar wasn’t in the ESB, I just couldn’t help myself..) So Han and everyone else is thinking, “Hey, we did it! We made it to Cloud City, we outran the empire, WE’RE GONNA DO THIS! (Spurs take a 3-2 lead and are seconds away from their fifth title) Suddenly, Darth Vader shows up and shit’s on the Spurs party, and freezes Han Solo in carbonite. This is identical to Ray Allen’s buzzer beating three to send the game into overtime, quickly erasing all good outcomes for our heroes. Game seven occurs and Darth Vader chops off Luke’s hand, (LeBron’s final shot to seal the deal) overpowering him and basically basking in his win over the team that humiliated him so many years ago. Tragic ending, but Luke get’s his hand back, and Tim Duncan hasn’t retired so the way I see it at least we still have Return of the Jedi to look forward to, right? And if you still don’t believe that Pat Riley is the Emperor, look no further!	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Q: How to compare against fields that are `null` (empty)? I have a table in a CakePHP 3 application called downloads which has a column called master. The field type is set to TINYINT(1) I can find any records where downloads.master == 1 like this: $query = $this->Downloads->find()->where(['master' => true]); But Cake won't let me query for ones where downloads.master !== 1. None of these work, and all return an empty array/object when the query is executed: $query = $this->Downloads->find()->where(['master' => false]); $query = $this->Downloads->find()->where(['master' => 0]); $query = $this->Downloads->find()->where(['master' => null]); $query = $this->Downloads->find()->where(['master' => '']); What do you use as the condition to make this possible? My thinking was that it should be false since that's the opposite to true, but as with most things in CakePHP 3 they like to make it more complicated than necessary... I've examined the records in my table using phpMyAdmin and there are indeed both records where master == 1 and master == null so it's not a case of there's zero results to return. A: A column being NULL is not the same as being 0 (ie false-ish from the point of view of the ORM in case of a boolean-ish column type). If you want to compare against NULL, then you must issue a query with IS NULL, which is a SQL/DBMS requirement, not a CakePHP requirement. CakePHP however requires you to be specific about what you want to do, as passing null does not neccesarily have to mean that you want to compare against SQL NULL, depending on the context. Long story short, use the IS operator: where(['master IS' => null]) Similarly use IS NOT for a negated condition. You can also pass user input as the value, the ORM will test the value and convert the IS and IS NOT operators into = and != respectively in case a non-null value is being passed. See also Cookbook > Database Access & ORM > Query Builder > Automatic IS NULL Creation	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
High speed rail network gets green light By IBT Staff Reporter On 01/10/12 AT 9:32 AM Britain gave the green light on Tuesday for a 32.7 billion pound high-speed rail network linking London, Birmingham and cities further north, delighting business groups but angering opponents along its route who say it is unneeded and will scar some of the country's prettiest countryside. The first part of the route cuts through the Chilterns area to the northwest of the capital, a region of farms, woodlands and small towns, normally a heartland of support for Prime Minister David Cameron's Conservatives. This is an immensely bad decision for Britain, said Martin Tett, chairman of an alliance of local councils fighting the scheme. The line crosses the constituencies of several Conservative ministers and lawmakers in the area, who will be under pressure from local voters to rebel against the government when parliament finally considers the plans. But the long-expected announcement was welcomed by trade unions seeking a boost to jobs at a time when unemployment is rising as the economy stagnates. Government backing for the project was delayed from last December to give more time for Transport Secretary Justine Greening to consider ways of addressing the worries of opponents of the line. To meet some of their concerns, extra parts of the route will be sunk into tunnels or cuttings. Greening said she was confident the project would survive any legal challenges or judicial reviews sought by opponents. I think in parliament there is now a consensus in seeing this need to address capacity on our railway network, she said. The Y-shaped network extending to Manchester in the north west and Leeds in the north will be built in two phases, with construction on the route from London to Birmingham starting in 2017 and the first trains running in 2026. The full scheme would aim to be completed by 2033 and cost 32.7 billion pounds at current prices. The project, known as High Speed 2 (HS2), would generate economic benefits of up to 47 billion pounds and fare revenues of up to 34 billion pounds over a 60-year period, Greening said. The network would also have environmental benefits, she added, transferring to rail around 4.5 million journeys per year by people who might otherwise have travelled by air and 9 million from roads. Constructing and operating the network would create jobs, with 40,000 jobs supported in areas served by the first phase of the network, which will include a direct link to Britain's existing high-speed line connecting London to France via the Channel Tunnel. An extension to London's Heathrow Airport would be part of the later construction stage. A parliamentary vote on the scheme is not likely until 2013 or 2014, but the government can be confident of winning any vote as the line is backed by the opposition Labour party, which first proposed the project before it was ousted from power last year. Trains, initially running at 225 mph (360 kph) and later at 250 mph, will cut travel times between London and Manchester to an hour and eight minutes, a reduction of an hour.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- generated on Fri Nov 25 12:34:24 2011 by SUMO netconvert Version dev-SVN-r11539 This data file and the accompanying materials are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v2.0 which accompanies this distribution, and is available at http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v20.html SPDX-License-Identifier: EPL-2.0 <configuration xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://sumo.dlr.de/xsd/netconvertConfiguration.xsd"> <input> <sumo-net-file value="koelnHighways.edit.net.xml"/> </input> <output> <plain-output-prefix value="koelnHighways.edit"/> </output> <processing> <no-turnarounds value="true"/> <offset.disable-normalization value="true"/> </processing> </configuration> --> <tlLogics version="0.13" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://sumo.dlr.de/xsd/tllogic_file.xsd"> </tlLogics>	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
Q: Subversion commit fails I am running ubuntu 10.10, and have rabbitvcs & svn installed, I have created a repository & checked it out fine (local machine, using file://), but when i commit i get the error : "can't open /var/svn/repos/repository/db/txn-current-lock : Permission denied" If i run it on the command line as root (sudo) all is well. I have looked in the conf & db files and applied all the potentially useful settings i can find on the internet, but i still cannot commit as myself! Any ideas ?? Ta, NWS. A: Change the owner of the repository to your user: $ sudo chown -R [username] /var/svn/repos/repository This should be enough if you are the only person using the repository, and it's only being used locally. If you need permissions for more local users, consider creating a separate group and granting this group write access to the repository. Finally, if you want to allow remote access to the repository, I recommend not using the local file protocol at all (even locally).	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Please register me as Vince Kaminski's free guest at the Houston session of the above conference on 31/8 and 1/9. Many thanks, Steve Leppard Enron Europe Research Group	{ "pile_set_name": "Enron Emails" }
UNPUBLISHED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT No. 10-6544 WALTER D. BROOKS, III, Petitioner - Appellant, v. PATRICIA STANSBERRY, Warden, Respondent - Appellee. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, at Alexandria. Gerald Bruce Lee, District Judge. (1:10-cv-00067-GBL-TCB; 1:02-cr-00135-GBL-1) Submitted: August 26, 2010 Decided: September 2, 2010 Before KING and DUNCAN, Circuit Judges, and HAMILTON, Senior Circuit Judge. Dismissed by unpublished per curiam opinion. Walter D. Brooks, III, Appellant Pro Se. Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. PER CURIAM: Walter D. Brooks, III, seeks to appeal the district court’s order treating his 28 U.S.C.A. § 2241 (West 2006 & Supp. 2010) petition as a successive 28 U.S.C.A. § 2255 (West Supp. 2010) motion, and dismissing it on that basis. The order is not appealable unless a circuit justice or judge issues a certificate of appealability. 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(1) (2006). A certificate of appealability will not issue absent “a substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional right.” 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(2) (2006). When the district court denies relief on the merits, a prisoner satisfies this standard by demonstrating that reasonable jurists would find that the district court’s assessment of the constitutional claims is debatable or wrong. Slack v. McDaniel, 529 U.S. 473, 484 (2000); see Miller-El v. Cockrell, 537 U.S. 322, 336-38 (2003). When the district court denies relief on procedural grounds, the prisoner must demonstrate both that the dispositive procedural ruling is debatable, and that the motion states a debatable claim of the denial of a constitutional right. Slack, 529 U.S. at 484-85. We have independently reviewed the record and conclude that Brooks has not made the requisite showing. Accordingly, we deny a certificate of appealability and dismiss the appeal. We dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials 2 before the court and argument would not aid the decisional process. DISMISSED 3	{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }
UNPUBLISHED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT E. HAROLD KEITH; JOYCE G. KEITH, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. THE TOWN OF KNIGHTDALE, NORTH CAROLINA; WILLIAM A. WILDER, Individually and in his official capacity as Mayor of Knightdale; THE KNIGHTDALE TOWN COUNCIL; JAMES JOSEPH BRYAN; GREG C. JONES; VERNON CHARLES BULLOCK; ANN M. MAY; REBA PENDLETON, Individually and in their official capacities as members of the Knightdale Town Council; CARL A. MOORE, Individually and in his official capacity as Mayor No. 96-1981 of Knightdale and former member of the Knightdale Town Council; DENNIS GABRIEL, Individually and in his official capacity as Knightdale Town Manager; GARY L. MCCONKEY, Individually and in his official capacity as Knightdale Town Manager; PAUL S. PECKENS, Individually and in his official capacity as Knightdale Town Planner; STEPHEN G. SPOSATO, Individually and in his official capacity as Knightdale Town Planner, Defendants-Appellees, and ELAINE HOLMQUIST, Individually and in her official capacity as Knightdale Town Clerk; HOLMES P. HARDEN, in his representative capacity as Trustee in Bankruptcy for KVK Development; CARRINGTON DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATES; K&K DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Defendants. E. HAROLD KEITH; JOYCE G. KEITH, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. THE TOWN OF KNIGHTDALE, NORTH CAROLINA; WILLIAM A. WILDER, Individually and in his official capacity as Mayor of Knightdale; THE KNIGHTDALE TOWN COUNCIL; JAMES JOSEPH BRYAN; GREG C. JONES; VERNON CHARLES BULLOCK; ANN M. MAY; REBA PENDLETON, Individually No. 96-1999 and in their official capacities as members of the Knightdale Town Council; CARL A. MOORE, Individually and in his official capacity as Mayor of Knightdale and former member of the Knightdale Town Council; DENNIS GABRIEL, Individually and in his official capacity as Knightdale Town Mayor; GARY L. MCCONKEY, Individually and in his official capacity as Knightdale Town Manager; PAUL S. PECKENS, 2 Individually and in his official capacity as Knightdale Town Planner; STEPHEN G. SPOSATO, Individually and in his official capacity as Knightdale Town Planner, Defendants-Appellants, and ELAINE HOLMQUIST, Individually and in her official capacity as Knightdale Town Clerk; HOLMES P. HARDEN, in his representative capacity as Trustee in Bankruptcy for KVK Development; CARRINGTON DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATES; K&K DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, Defendants. Appeals from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina, at Raleigh. Wallace Wade Dixon, Magistrate Judge. (CA-93-708-5-DI) Argued: December 3, 1997 Decided: March 16, 1998 Before MURNAGHAN, ERVIN, and LUTTIG, Circuit Judges. _________________________________________________________________ Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion. _________________________________________________________________ COUNSEL ARGUED: Marvin Schiller, Susan Sawin McFarlane, Raleigh, North Carolina, for Appellants. Michael Bannon Brough, BROUGH & ASSOCIATES, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, for Appellees. 3 Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. See Local Rule 36(c). _________________________________________________________________ OPINION PER CURIAM: E. Harold Keith ("Keith"), a developer of commercial and residen- tial real estate in and around the town of Knightdale, North Carolina, filed suit against the town, the Knightdale town council, and numer- ous town councilpersons and officials individually and in their official capacities. Goaded by a history of acrimonious disputes, Keith alleged violations of his first amendment and due process rights, as well as state constitutional and tort claims. With one exception, Keith's claims were dismissed or decided favorably to the appellees on summary judgment. Keith was permitted to proceed to trial on his claim that the appellees retaliated against him for conduct protected by the First Amendment. The principal issue raised in the instant appeal is whether the dis- trict court erroneously determined, following a jury deadlock and a mistrial, that the evidence adduced at trial was insufficient as a matter of law to prove that the appellees' adverse actions were caused by Keith's first amendment activities. We also consider Keith's chal- lenge to the district court's grant of summary judgment to the appel- lees on his federal due process claim. As to the remaining issues raised by Keith and not addressed by our disposition of the free speech and due process claims, we rely on the opinion of the court below. On all issues we hold in favor of the appellees. The appellees have cross-appealed, arguing that Keith failed to establish the existence of a continuing violation and, therefore, his constitutional claims are barred by the statute of limitations. We do not reach the appellees' contention, for it simply presents an alterna- tive ground on which to affirm the judgment of the court below with respect to Keith's free speech and due process claims. I Initially, Keith has maintained that the appellees obstructed the completion of six development projects in retaliation for conduct pro- 4 tected by the First Amendment. We hold, however, that the evidence does not permit a conclusion that Keith's protected activities caused the appellees' adverse actions. We review the district court's grant of the appellees' motion for judgment as a matter of law de novo. Malone v. Microdyne Corp., 26 F.3d 471, 475 (4th Cir. 1994). The failure of a nonmoving party to adduce substantial evidence in support of an essential element of a claim on which he has the burden of proof entitles the movant to judgment as a matter of law. See Singer v. Dugan , 45 F.3d 823, 827 (4th Cir. 1995); Mattison v. Dallas Carrier Corp., 947 F.2d 95, 100 (4th Cir. 1991). Well-established principles of causation guide our analysis. Under the standard established in Mt. Healthy City Bd. of Educ. v. Doyle, 429 U.S. 274 (1976), a claimant must demonstrate that conduct pro- tected by the First Amendment "was a `substantial factor'--or, to put it in other words, a `motivating factor'" in the town's adverse deci- sions. Id. at 287. The burden then shifts to the defendants to prove, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the allegedly retaliatory actions would have been taken in the absence of the protected con- duct. Id. Notwithstanding the factual nature of the inquiry into motive, the question may not be determined by the jury if the evidence fails to show a reasonable probability of improper motive. See Lovelace v. Sherwin-Williams Co., 681 F.2d 230, 241-42 (4th Cir. 1982). We have explained that "if the inference sought to be drawn lacks sub- stantial probability, any attempted resolution of the question may well lie within the area of surmise and conjecture, so that the issue should not be submitted for jury consideration." Id. at 242 (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). The voluminous testimony presented by Keith falls short of the required threshold. The evidence plainly demonstrated a pattern of unfavorable treat- ment by the appellees, described the puerile delight of town council- persons in Keith's misfortunes, and established the intent of various council members to drive Keith out of business. Keith also showed that he engaged in conduct protected by the First Amendment. Keith vocally opposed and lobbied against legislation supported by the 5 appellees, regularly spoke out at town meetings, communicated his criticisms to the press, questioned council decisions, and videotaped council meetings. Furthermore, there was evidence that Keith's first amendment conduct may have been a source of some consternation or offense to town officials and councilpersons. Keith has been wholly unable, however, to forge even a tenuous link between his first amendment activities and adverse actions taken with respect to Keith's development projects. James Varner ("Varner"), former town manager and Keith's principal witness, was asked repeatedly on cross-examination if he had ever heard any coun- cilperson make a comment that would connect the adverse statements about Keith and Keith's first amendment activities. Varner consis- tently responded in the negative. Keith would have us infer causation from the bare juxtaposition of his protected conduct, appellees' expressed antagonism, and the town's adverse actions. Viewed together, however, the elements described by Keith establish no more than a possibility of unconstitu- tional retaliation. Because it is impossible to"choos[e] rationally between mere possibilities," Keith's claim fails as a matter of law. Lovelace, 681 F.2d at 242. Even if we were to conclude that Keith had established that the exercise of his first amendment rights was a substantial factor in appellees' decisions, the appellees unequivocally demonstrated that the same actions would have been taken in the absence of the pro- tected conduct. The appellees did not deny that Keith received less favorable treat- ment than other developers. According to town employees and offi- cials, however, the disparate treatment was motivated by Keith's record of broken promises and by his belligerent and intractable man- ner. The evidence supported the appellees' contention that Keith regu- larly reneged on commitments unless the town had an effective sanction available to ensure his performance. Testimony presented by the appellees also revealed that Keith was an extraordinarily difficult individual with whom to do business. For- mer Mayor William Wilder testified that Keith was inflexible and 6 routinely threatened the town with lawsuits. Other town employees and officials testified that Keith "screamed" and was verbally abusive during confrontational encounters. Paul Peckens, a former town plan- ner, asserted that an intimidating encounter with Keith was one of the factors that led him to resign from his position after one year. Scott Poole, an employee with Carolina Power & Light, described an inci- dent in which Keith pointed a handgun directly at Poole's face during an irate exchange. In short, the appellees produced substantial uncontradicted evi- dence that the town and council's efforts to impede Keith's develop- ment projects were the result of longstanding and personal antagonism toward Keith. To the extent a vendetta against Keith existed, it was prompted by Keith's pugnacious nature, a history of irate disagreements, and memories of unfulfilled obligations. Therefore, we conclude that Keith failed to demonstrate that the appellees' actions were motivated by Keith's exercise of his first amendment rights. Because Keith has failed to adduce substantial evi- dence on an essential element of his claim, we affirm the district court's entry of judgment as a matter of law in the appellees' favor. II Next, Keith has argued that the appellees violated the Due Process Clause by arbitrarily refusing to issue permits and certificates of occu- pancy with respect to Keith's development projects. We conclude that Keith has no standing to pursue his due process claim. Keith's development activities were undertaken through three busi- ness entities: KVK Development Associates and Carrington Develop- ment Associates, partnerships engaged in commercial development; and K&K Development Corporation, a corporation engaged in resi- dential development. It is undisputed that applications for the disputed approvals were made in the name of and denied to the business enti- ties, and not by or to Keith individually. Keith shared ownership and control of the three business entities with Henry H. Knight. The partnership agreements and corporate 7 bylaws require that all partners and shareholders give their consent to any action brought on the behalf of or by the business entities, prior to the filing of such action. Consent was refused. Nevertheless, Keith has persisted in arguing that his right to due process was violated by the town's withholding of approvals. Keith's position, however, transgresses the "fundamental rule . . . that a share- holder . . . does not have standing to assert claims alleging wrongs to the corporation . . ., even as to wrongs or injuries to the corporation which result in depreciation or destruction of the value of a sharehold- er's stock." Smith Setzer v. S.C. Procurement Panel, 20 F.3d 1311, 1317 (4th Cir. 1994) (internal quotation marks, alterations and cita- tions omitted). A similar rule precludes suit by a partner for injuries suffered by the partnerships for which the entities themselves could recover. See Creek v. Village of Westhaven, 80 F.3d 186, 191 (7th Cir.), cert. denied sub nom. Village of Westhaven v. Creek, 117 S. Ct. 180 (1996) (holding that "a partner may not sue individually to recover damages for an injury to the partnership"); Orthopedica & Sports Injury Clinic v. Wang, 922 F.2d 220, 227 (5th Cir. 1991) (holding that partners had no standing to sue when they alleged no damage to property for which the partnership could not recover); see also N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-69.1 (1996) (stating that the partnership entity is the proper party to maintain an action for damage to partner- ship property); Threadgill v. Faust, 195 S.E. 798 (N.C. 1938) (hold- ing that all partners are necessary parties and the action must be brought in the name of the partnership). Keith has suffered no injury independent of his status as a share- holder or partner in the business entities, and he may not evade the consequences of the entities' refusal to join in the instant suit by claiming the injuries suffered directly by those entities as his own. We therefore affirm the district court's entry of summary judgment in favor of the appellees. CONCLUSION Accordingly, the entry of judgment in favor of the appellees on all claims is hereby AFFIRMED. 8	{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }
Gerhard Palitzsch Gerhard Palitzcsh (June 17, 1913 – December 7, 1944), was a German SS non-commissioned officer, notorious for his activities in Auschwitz concentration camp. At the beginning of his career as NCO, Palitzsch served as a sentry in the concentration camps of Lichtenburg, Buchenwald, and Sachsenhausen, where he was Blockführer (head of a prisoners’ barrack). From Sachsenhausen he was transferred to Auschwitz in 1940. He brought with him 30 prisoners from Sachsenhausen who were to take over posts as Funktionshäftlinge (prisoners with special functions). Palitzsch was the first Rapportführer and in this position he practised extensive terror. Moreover, he very often took part in the executions at the black wall. Palitzsch claimed to a fellow SS member, that he was responsible for shooting some 25,000 people in the back of the head. Like other concentration camp personnel he enriched himself by stealing the property robbed from the victims and because of this he was a subject of SS investigations into theft and corruption. His transfer in 1943 to a sub-camp at Brünn, Czech Republic, where he was made the Commandant, may have been a penal transfer. Some prisoners in more trusted jobs in Auschwitz fought back against the camp, one of the means of attack was to breed lice infected with Typhus in the camp infirmary and then put these lice into clothes given to SS personnel. Because of his notoriety, Palitzsch was given such an item, although he did not get typhus, his wife Luise died from it. After that, he was believed to have started sexual relations with a female prisoner. Shortly after his transfer to Brünn he was arrested, sent back to Auschwitz, and interred in the prison in Block 11. Accused of “Race Defilement”, i.e. sexual relations with "non-Aryans" and theft, Palitzsch was sentenced to death, but reprieved and instead sent to a penal unit. In June 1944, he was thrown out of the SS. His later fate is unknown; he is said to have fallen during the battle of Budapest. In a letter from the resistance movement, smuggled out of Auschwitz, he was described as “the greatest bastard of Auschwitz”. His colleague, Perry Broad, wrote about him in his report that “he enjoyed taking part in the mass executions”. Rudolf Höss, who was not hesitant in his criticism of his staff, wrote in his memoirs: “Palitzsch was the most cunning and sly creature I ever got to know during my long, many-sided duty in the various concentration camps. He literally climbed over dead bodies in order to satisfy his lust for power.” References Category:1913 births Category:1945 deaths Category:Auschwitz concentration camp personnel Category:SS non-commissioned officers Category:Porajmos perpetrators Category:Waffen-SS personnel	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksen (25. ja 26. maaliskuuta 2010) tulokset (keskustelu) Puhemies (PL) Esityslistalla on seuraavana neuvoston ja komission julkilausumat Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksen (25. ja 26. maaliskuuta 2010) tuloksista. Herman Van Rompuy Arvoisa puhemies, hyvät parlamentin jäsenet, hyvät kollegat, esitän teille tänään julkilausuman ensimmäisestä Eurooppa-neuvoston virallisesta kokouksesta, jossa minulla oli kunnia toimia puheenjohtajana. Kuten tiedätte, kokouksen esityslistalla oli taloudellinen strategiamme Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaan nähden ja strategiamme ilmastonmuutosta koskevissa maailmanlaajuisissa neuvotteluissa. Esityslistaa täydennettiin jälkikäteen, koska oli tarkasteltava kiireellisesti - toista kertaa kahden kuukauden aikana - Kreikan tilannetta ja siihen liittyviä euroaluetta koskevia kysymyksiä. Aloitan tarkastelemalla jälkimmäistä asiakokonaisuutta. Ennen Eurooppa-neuvoston kokousta keskusteltiin laajalti siitä, miten, millaisissa oloissa ja kenen olisi tarvittaessa myönnettävä rahoitustukea Kreikan hallitukselle. Ennen kokousta esitettiin nimittäin hyvin erilaisia kantoja. Se ei ole mitenkään poikkeuksellista unionin historiassa, erityisesti, kun panokset ovat näin korkeita, mutta tärkeintä on, että pääsimme sopimukseen. Unioni pystyy edelleen saavuttamaan kompromissin. Se on olemassaolomme perusedellytys. Lukuisat kahdenväliset yhteydet jäsenvaltioiden ja minun itseni välillä, 15. maaliskuuta 2010 järjestetyn euroalueen ministerien välisen kokouksen päätelmät, jäsenvaltioiden myöntämiä lainoja koskevat komission ehdotukset ja Ranskan ja Saksan väliset tiiviit neuvottelut auttoivat tasoittamaan kokouksessa tietä, jotta saavutettiin kaikkien hyväksymä kompromissi. Kutsuin koolle euroalueeseen kuuluvien valtioiden hallituksien ja valtioiden päämiehien kokouksen - jossa toimin myös puheenjohtajana - ja esittelin heille julkilausumaluonnoksen, joka hyväksyttiin tarkistuksien jälkeen yksimielisesti. Kokouksessa keskusteltiin niistä asiakirjaan sisältyvistä asioista, joissa Eurooppa-neuvosto on toimivaltainen, ja Eurooppa-neuvosto hyväksyi ne. Myös Euroopan keskuspankki antoi hyväksyntänsä. Julkilausumassa vahvistetaan jälleen, että kaikkien euroalueen jäsenvaltioiden on noudatettava järkevää ja hyväksyttyjen sääntöjen mukaista politiikkaa. Niiden on myös oltava tietoisia alueen taloudellista ja rahoituksellista vakautta koskevasta yhteisestä vastuustaan. Tuemme täysimääräisesti Kreikan hallituksen toimia ja pidämme myönteisinä lisätoimia, joista ilmoitettiin 3. maaliskuuta 2010 ja jotka ovat riittäviä vuoden 2010 talousarvion tavoitteiden saavuttamiseksi. Näitä toimia kehotettiin toteuttamaan 11. helmikuuta 2010 järjestetyssä Eurooppa-neuvoston epävirallisessa kokouksessa. Käyttöön ottamamme solidaarisuusmekanismin mukaisesti olemme valmiit toteuttamaan tukitoimia, jos markkinarahoitus osoittautuu riittämättömäksi, yhteisön johtaman toimen välityksellä, jossa euroalueeseen kuuluvat jäsenvaltiot myöntävät kahdenvälisiä lainoja, ja yhteistyössä kansainvälisen valuuttarahaston kanssa. Mekanismi on perustamissopimuksien mukainen ja jäsenvaltioiden, komission ja keskuspankin yleisesti hyväksymä. Näin ollen Kreikan hallituksen ei ole tarvinnut pyytää rahoitustukea; valvomme tilannetta kuitenkin edelleen tiiviisti. Kansainvälisen valuuttarahaston osallisuus aiheutti aluksi huolta sen vuoksi, että sitä olisi voitu pitää ulkoisena tukena euroalueelle, joka ei pysty ratkaisemaan omia sisäisiä ongelmiaan. Kun asiaa oli tarkasteltu, katsottiin kuitenkin, että Kansainvälinen valuuttarahastohan on merkittävässä määrin yhteisön varoilla rahoitettu, joten miksi Euroopan valtiot eivät voisi hyödyntää sen tarjoamia mahdollisuuksia? Kansainvälinen valuuttarahasto on perustettu ja sitä rahoitetaan juuri tätä tarkoitusta varten, ja olisi outoa olla hyödyntämättä sitä ja sen asiantuntemusta. Kansainvälisen valuuttarahaston kanssa tehtävä tiivis yhteistyö vaikutti siis hyväksyttävältä, varsinkin kun oli kyse pääosin kahdenvälisistä eurolainoista muodostuvasta toimesta. Kaksi muuta julkilausumaan sisältyvää kokonaisuutta on kirvoittanut runsaasti kommentteja. Eurooppa-neuvosto haluaa ensinnäkin ottaa kriisistä opikseen. Tästä syystä perustettiin alaisuudessani toimiva työryhmä. Työryhmä toimii tiiviissä yhteistyössä komission kanssa ja siihen kuuluu jäsenvaltioiden, kiertävän puheenjohtajavaltion ja Euroopan keskuspankin edustajia. Työryhmä esittelee päätelmänsä ennen vuoden loppua. Eurooppa-neuvosto tekee lopulliset poliittiset päätökset. Aion asettaa tämän työn aivan etusijalle. Kreikan tapaus korosti euroalueella noudatettavan julkisen talouden seurantajärjestelmän rajallisuutta. On tarkasteltava kaikkia mahdollisia keinoja budjettikurin lujittamiseksi ja ehdotettava kehystä kriisin ratkaisemiseksi. On olennaisen tärkeää lujittaa järjestelmiämme. Se, mitä oikeudellisia asiakirjoja on mahdollisesti tarkistettava, on avoinna oleva kysymys, jota on syytä tarkastella, samalla kun otamme edelleen huomioon eri menettelyt, joita moninaisten oikeudellisten välineiden tarkistaminen edellyttäisi. Työryhmän on tarkasteltava kahta ongelmaan liittyvää näkökohtaa, jotka äskettäinen kriisi paljasti: vastuuta eli sitä, miten estetään tällainen budjettikurin höltyminen jatkossa, ja solidaarisuutta eli sitä, miten estetään improvisointi, jos kriisi toistuu jossakin jäsenvaltiossa. Kreikan tapaus on myös korostanut tarvetta tarkastella kilpailukykyyn liittyviä eroavuuksia euroalueella ja unionissa. Asiasta on käynnistetty keskustelu, jota jatketaan kesäkuussa; tähän euroalueen taloutta koskevaan näkökulmaan on kiinnitetty liian vähän huomiota. Jollei talouden lähentymistä lisätä, vaarannetaan yhteinen valuutta ja yhteiset markkinat. Tämä keskustelu on hyvin tärkeä. Budjettikuri ei ole riittävää. Talousarvioon liittyvät ongelmat johtuvat taloudellisista ongelmista. Toinen kommentteja kirvoittanut seikka oli kohta, jossa julistimme sitoutuvamme edistämään talouspolitiikkojen voimakasta yhteensovittamista yhteisössä. Totesimme myös katsovamme, että Eurooppa-neuvoston on parannettava Euroopan unionin taloudellista hallintoa, ja ehdotimme, että Eurooppa-neuvoston asemaa laajennetaan taloudellisen yhteensovittamisen alalla ja että Euroopan unionin kasvustrategia määritellään. Jotkut ovat esittäneet kantansa siihen, että julkilausuman ranskankielisessä versiossa käytetään sanamuotoa "gouvernement économique" sanan "gouvernance" sijaan. Haluan tehdä täysin selväksi, ettei tällä ole minkäänlaista merkitystä sen kannalta, mitä haluamme saavuttaa. Haluamme hyödyntää täysimääräisesti Eurooppa-neuvostoa elimenä, jonka myötä voimme sovittaa yhteen sekä unionin että kansallisia välineitä taloudellisen suorituskykymme parantamiseksi. Eurooppa-neuvosto ei ole unionin toimeenpaneva eikä lakiasäätävä elin. Eurooppa-neuvoston tehtävänä on perustamissopimuksen mukaan antaa virikkeitä ja suuntaviivoja unionin poliittiselle suunnalle. Tämä pätee myös talouspolitiikkaan. Tähän Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksessa keskityttiin olennaisilta osin, kun aloimme tarkastella Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaa. Tässä yhteydessä on havaittavissa jatkuvaa edistymistä, mitä pyrimme ylläpitämään kesäkuun Eurooppa-neuvostossa. Euroopan komission ehdotuksien pohjalta - ja osoitan tässä kohdassa kunnioitusta puheenjohtaja Barroson tekemälle työlle - on jo määritelty viisi keskeistä tavoitetta, joihin toimiemme olisi kohdistuttava: On ensinnäkin korotettava työllisyysastetta 75 prosenttiin erityisesti siten, että lisätään nuorten, iäkkäämpien työntekijöiden ja vähän koulutettujen työntekijöiden osuutta ja edistetään laillisten maahanmuuttajien integroitumista. Toiseksi on parannettava tutkimuksen ja kehityksen edellytyksiä, erityisesti, jotta julkisten ja yksityisten investointien määrää voidaan yhteenlaskettuina korottaa tällä alalla kolmeen prosenttiin BKT:stä. Kolmanneksi on vahvistettava uudelleen ilmastonmuutosta koskevia tavoitteita, jotka olemme sitoutuneet saavuttamaan vuoteen 2020 mennessä ja jotka on sisällytettävä taloudelliseen strategiaamme. Neljänneksi on parannettava koulutustasoja ja pyrittävä erityisesti siihen, että entistä harvempi jättää koulunkäynnin kesken ja entistä useampi saattaa kolmannen asteen tai vastaavan koulutuksen päätökseen. Lopuksi on edistettävä yhteiskunnallista osallisuutta erityisesti vähentämällä köyhyyttä. Näiden tavoitteiden saavuttamiseksi on tehtävä enemmän työtä, kuten kehitettävä asianmukaisia indikaattoreita. Jäsenvaltioiden on nyt asetettava kansallisia tavoitteita, jotka vaihtelevat kansallisesta tilanteesta riippuen. Joitakin tavoitteita ilmennetään EU:n lainsäädännössä, kun taas toiset eivät ole luonteeltaan lainsäädäntöön liittyviä vaan ne edustavat yhteistä pyrkimystä, jota tavoitellaan kansallisten ja EU:n toimien avulla. Näiden viiden tavoitteen joukosta kahdesta viimeisestä eli koulutuksesta ja yhteiskunnallisesta osallisuudesta esitettiin jonkin verran kannanottoja. Ne ovat nimittäin niin sanotun "eurooppalaisen yhteiskuntamallin" keskeisiä osia, yhteiskuntamallin, jossa yhteiskunnallinen sitoutuminen ja ympäristön huomioon ottaminen lieventävät markkinavoimien vaikutusta. Jotkut huomauttivat tosin, että koulutus on kansallinen tai monissa valtioissa jopa kansallista tasoa alempi tai alueellinen vastuualue. Se on totta, eikä tätä tosiasiaa ole aiottukaan muuttaa. Se osoittaa kuitenkin, että yhteisen strategian edistämiseksi on tehtävä yhteistyötä kaikilla hallinnon tasoilla siten, että kaikki vastaavat omasta osuudestaan yhteisessä ponnistuksessamme. Jotkut totesivat yhteiskunnallisesta osallisuudesta ja köyhyyden vähentämisestä, että kyse on lopputuloksesta eikä keinosta. Se on toteuttamiemme toimien seuraus, ei väline. Vaikka ymmärränkin tämän, yhteiskunnallinen osallisuus kuuluu unionin toimivaltaan Lissabonin sopimuksen nojalla ja se on keskeinen väline, jolla parannetaan kokonaisvaltaista taloudellista toimintakykyämme ja taataan julkinen tuki sille, mitä haluamme saavuttaa. Se vastaa ihmisten voimakasta halua edistää taloudellista oikeudenmukaisuutta. Tämän olemme jättäneet huomioimatta, mikä koituu tuhoksemme. Näiden viiden tavoitteen määrittelyn lisäksi - joiden työstämistä on jatkettava - Eurooppa-neuvosto painotti, että on edistyttävä nopeasti rahoitusalaa koskevan sääntelyn ja valvonnan lujittamisessa sekä unionissa, jossa Euroopan parlamentin on toteutettava rahoitusalan sääntelyyn liittyviä tärkeitä toimia, ja kansainvälisillä foorumeilla, kuten G20:ssä, jotta taataan maailmanlaajuisesti tasapuoliset toimintamahdollisuudet. On edistettävä erityisesti sellaisia asioita kuin pääomavaatimukset, systeemisesti merkittävät laitokset, kriisinhallinnan rahoitusvälineet, johdannaismarkkinoiden avoimuuden lisääminen, valtionvelan luottoriskijohdannaisiin liittyvien erityistoimien tarkasteleminen ja rahoituspalvelualan bonuksia koskevien kansainvälisesti hyväksyttyjen periaatteiden täytäntöönpano. Komissio esittää lähiaikoina kertomuksen mahdollisista innovatiivisista rahoituslähteistä, kuten esimerkiksi rahoitustoimista kannettavaa tai pankeille langetettavaa kansainvälistä maksua. On kehitettävä ratkaisuja, joilla estetään rahoituskriisin toistuminen, mutta on myös tarkasteltava sen perustana ollutta moraalista kriisiä. Eurooppa-neuvostossa keskusteltiin myös ilmastonmuutoksesta ja siitä, miten toimia on kohdistettava uudelleen Kööpenhaminan kokouksen jälkeen. Kokonaisvaltainen ja kattava oikeudellinen sopimus on edelleen ainoa tehokas tapa saavuttaa hyväksytty tavoite, jonka mukaan kokonaislämpötilan nousun on pysyttävä alle 2 °C:ssa. Päätimme toimia edelleen kunnianhimoisesti ja rakentavasti kansainvälisissä neuvotteluissa mutta sovimme myös sellaisen vaiheittaisen lähestymistavan noudattamisesta, joka perustuu Kööpenhaminan sopimukseen. Päästövähennyksiä koskevat lupaukset ovat riittämättömiä eikä niiden avulla saavuteta 2 °C:n keskeistä tavoitetta. Neuvotteluille on annettava uutta pontta. Seuraavassa, Bonnissa järjestettävässä kokouksessa on laadittava toimintasuunnitelma neuvottelujen edistämiseksi. Cancúnissa järjestettävässä sopimuspuolten konferenssissa, COP-2:ssa, on tehtävä konkreettisia päätöksiä ja ratkaistava jäljellä olevat ongelmat. Unioni ja sen jäsenvaltiot panevat täytäntöön sitoumuksensa, jonka mukaan ne myöntävät vuosittain 2,4 miljardia euroa nopeasti saatavaa rahoitusta varten kaudella 2010-2012. Olemme myös edelleen yhteisesti sitoutuneita asettamaan saataville vuosittain 100 miljardia Yhdysvaltain dollaria vuoteen 2020 asti auttaaksemme kehitysmaita torjumaan ilmastonmuutosta. Tässä yhteydessä keskustelimme siitä, miten olisi lähestyttävä maailmanlaajuisesti tärkeitä kumppaneita komission varapuheenjohtajan/korkean edustajan Cathy Ashtonin toimiessa alustajana; hänen esittämäänsä analyysia pidettiin hyvin tarkkanäköisenä. Otamme nämä asiat esille Yhdistyneisiin Kansakuntiin liittyvässä prosessissa mutta myös muissa yhteyksissä vauhdittaaksemme asioita tarvittavalla tavalla. Jatkamme myös toimien toteuttamista sisäisesti. Aiomme järjestää Eurooppa-neuvoston keskustelun, jossa tarkastellaan energiapolitiikkaa ja sitä, miten siirtyä kohti tehokasta vähän hiilidioksidia tuottavaa taloutta tutkien kaikkia siihen liittyviä näkökulmia, kuten toimitusvarmuutta. Arvoisa puhemies, hyvät parlamentin jäsenet, totean lopuksi, että Eurooppa-neuvosto on saavuttanut selvää edistystä ja se on onnistunut välttämään laaja-alaiset ja vahingolliset karikot, jotka olisivat saattaneet aiheuttaa meille pahoja takaiskuja. Jotkut ovat kummallista kyllä antaneet ymmärtää, että oma roolini tässä prosessissa oli pelkän sivustakatsojan, kun taas toiset ovat syyttäneet minua vallanhimoiseksi diktaattoriksi. Saanen vakuuttaa teille, etten ole kumpaakaan. Eurooppa-neuvoston pysyvän puheenjohtajan on toimittava välittäjänä ja yhteisymmärryksen edistäjänä toimielimessä, jonka toiminta edellyttää tarvittavien ja riittävän kunnianhimoisten kompromissien saavuttamista. Olin toivonut, että toimikauteni alku Eurooppa-neuvoston pysyvänä puheenjohtajana olisi ollut helpompi. Seuraavat kaksi vuotta ovat vaikeita. Olen täysin tietoinen siitä, että pahin taantuma on ohi, mutta ongelmat eivät. Reagoimme tehokkaasti alkuperäiseen rahoitusalan kriisiin, mutta kun myrsky on ohi, on usein vaikeampaa pysytellä yhtenäisinä ja toimia sen mukaisesti. Tämän vuoksi emme voi seuraavien kahden vuoden aikana vain jatkaa entiseen tapaan. Sama pätee Euroopan parlamenttiin. Maroš Šefčovič komission varapuheenjohtaja. - (EN) Arvoisa puhemies, Eurooppa-neuvosto joutui tarkastelemaan viime kuussa tärkeitä asioita hyvin vaativissa oloissa. Tiiviiden ja vakavien keskustelujen jälkeen sovittiin kasvua ja työllisyyttä koskevaan Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaan liittyvien komission ehdotuksien keskeisestä sisällöstä, mutta samalla päätettiin myös luoda järjestelmä, jolla taataan euroalueen taloudellinen vakaus, jotta Kreikalle voidaan myöntää tarvittaessa rahoitustukea. On kuitenkin todettava rehellisesti, etteivät kovin monet olisi osanneet ennakoida tällaista lopputulosta. Asiaan liittyvät panokset huomioon ottaen jäsenvaltiot olivat vielä juuri ennen Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksen aloittamista huomattavan erimielisiä sekä rahoitusalan vakautusjärjestelmään liittyvästä lyhyen aikavälin kysymyksestä että Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaan liittyvästä keskipitkän aikavälin kysymyksestä. Selvitän lyhyesti, miten ratkaisuun päästiin ja mitä se tarkoittaa komission kannalta. Aloitan rahoitusalan vakautusjärjestelmästä ja siirryn sitten Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaan. Rahoitusalan vakautusjärjestelmään liittyen totuus on, että liikumme kartoittamattomalla maaperällä. Totean kuitenkin tästäkin rehellisesti, että vaikka oli tarpeen vastata uudella tavalla uuteen haasteeseen, ei tullut kuuloonkaan, etteikö siihen olisi vastattu mitenkään. Ei ollut kysymys siitä, vastattaisiinko haasteeseen vaan siitä, miten siihen voisi ja pitäisi vastata. Kuten sanoin, jäsenvaltioiden välillä ei vallinnut alkuaan yhteisymmärrystä tästä asiasta. Keskusteluja oli käyty jo jonkin aikaa, mutta ennen kokousta ei ollut päästy lopputulokseen sen enempää järjestelmän toimintaperiaatteista kuin yksityiskohdistakaan. Tästä syystä komissio - erityisesti puheenjohtaja Barroso ja komission jäsen Rehn - teki aloitteen yhdistämällä yhteisymmärrystä edistäviä toimia ja julkisia välitystoimia auttaakseen jäsenvaltioita kokoontumaan yhteen ja tarkastelemaan yhteisiä etujamme. Komissio on yhtäältä aina tehnyt aktiivista yhteistyötä euroalueeseen kuuluvien jäsenvaltioiden kanssa asianmukaisen järjestelmän kehittämiseksi. Komissio on pyrkinyt erityisesti varmistamaan, että tällaiset järjestelmät sijoitetaan yhteisöön liittyvään taustayhteyteen. Toisaalta komissio painotti Eurooppa-neuvoston kokousta edeltävien 10 päivän aikana toistuvasti, että tällaista järjestelmää koskevan päätöksen on perustuttava kahteen perusperiaatteeseen: yhtäältä vakauteen ja toisaalta solidaarisuuteen. Mikäli muistatte ennen Eurooppa-neuvoston kokousta käymämme keskustelun, nämä ovat kaksi periaatetta, joita kaikki teistä vaativat. Olette kaikki tietoisia siitä, että oli tehtävä pitkään työtä ja käytävä monimutkaisia neuvotteluja, jotta saavutettiin viime kädessä hyväksyttäväksi osoittautunut ratkaisu. Se perustuu olennaisilta osin komission suosittelemaan euroaluetta koskevaan järjestelmään ja siinä mahdollistetaan myös Kansainvälisen valuuttarahaston osallistuminen toimeen. Tämän myötä on nyt kehitetty toimiva ja käyttövalmis järjestelmä. Se on järkevä turvaverkko. Sitä me tarvitsimme ja sen me saimme. Komissio on tyytyväinen järjestelmän lopulliseen muotoon. Se ei välttämättä ole täydellinen. Se on todella ennennäkemätön, joskin täysin perustamissopimuksien mukaisesti suunniteltu. Sen perusominaisuuksiin sisältyy kaikki tarvittava. Toimielimien tehtävänä on edelleen järjestelmän käyttöönoton käynnistäminen. On myös toteutettu asianmukaisia järjestelyjä, jotta Kansainvälinen valuuttarahasto voisi osallistua toimeen euroalueen kehyksessä. Eurooppa-neuvosto ilmoitti samanaikaisesti sellaisen työryhmän perustamisesta, jonka tehtävänä on tarkastella perusteellisemmin tällaisten kriisien ratkaisujärjestelmiä. Sen erityislaatuisen formaatin syynä on sen monitahoinen toimialue, joka perustuu pitkän aikavälin näkymiin ja joka mahdollistaa laaja-alaisen keskustelun kaikista mahdollisista vaihtoehdoista, myös perustamissopimukseen mahdollisesti tehtävistä muutoksista. Tällaisen perustavan keskustelun käyminen on tietysti tärkeää ja komissio ehdottaa näin ollen jo tänä keväänä toimia, joilla edistetään yhteensovittamista euroalueella. Tätä silmällä pitäen hyödynnämme uusia tilaisuuksia, joita tarjottiin jo Lissabonin sopimuksessa. Komissio tietää parlamentin olevan sen kanssa samaa mieltä siitä, että on paljon parempi ennakoida yhteensovittamisen tarvetta ja huolehtia siitä, että asianmukaiset järjestelmät ovat tarvittaessa käyttövalmiina. Siirryn nyt tarkastelemaan Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaa koskevaa keskustelua. Täällä on jo todettu, että toimia on toteutettava kiireellisesti, että yhteiskuntaa on heräteltävä noudattamamme lähestymistavan muuttamiseksi ja että EU:n on oltava keskeisessä asemassa pyrittäessä talouden onnistuneeseen muuttamiseen. Toimien toteuttaminen edellyttää kaikkien sidosryhmien yhteisiä ponnistuksia kaikilla tasoilla. Tiedämme kaikki, että vahvat, selvät viestit antavat ihmisille jotakin, minkä ympärille kokoontua, ja tästä syystä näissä strategioissa ehdotetut konkreettiset tavoitteet ja joustavat aloitteet ovat tärkeitä. Ne ovat esimerkkejä yhteisön yhteisestä kunnianhimosta ja toimivat perustana, jonka pohjalta yhteisiä toimia voidaan hahmotella. Tiedämme, että jos onnistumme saavuttamaan ne yhteisin toimin, yhteisö parantaa kilpailukykyään, säilyttää elämäntapansa ja vahvistaa asemaansa maailmanlaajuisena toimijana. Tästä syystä on myös hyvin tärkeää korostaa, että tässä yhteydessä testataan, miten pitkälle jäsenvaltiot ovat valmiit menemään sitoutuakseen kansallisiin toimiin yhteisten tavoitteiden saavuttamiseksi. Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksen jälkeen tiedossamme on nyt täsmällisiä lukuja, jotka on hyväksytty työllisyyden, tutkimuksen ja kehityksen sekä ilmaston ja energian aloilla. Komissio katsoo myös, että on hyväksytty tarve asettaa tavoite opetusalalla ja että voimme luottaa siihen, että tältäkin osin vahvistetaan konkreettisia tavoitteita komission ehdottamien suuntaviivojen mukaisesti, toivottavasti jo kesäkuussa. Haluan lausua muutamia sanoja tavoitteesta, josta keskusteltiin kiivaimmin ja joka liittyy köyhyyden torjumiseen. Tietänette, että kaikki jäsenvaltiot eivät ole vielä vakuuttuneita siitä, että unionin tehtävänä on asettaa köyhyyden torjumista koskeva tavoite. Komission kanta asiaan on myös hyvin selkeä. Ensinnäkin kaikki ne, jotka ovat lukeneet sosiaalipolitiikkaa koskevat perustamissopimuksen määräykset, tietävät, että on väärin sanoa, että asia kuuluu ainoastaan jäsenvaltioiden toimivaltaan. Toiseksi komissio torjuu ehdotukset, joiden mukaan alalle on mahdoton asettaa merkityksellistä tavoitetta. Jatkamme esittämämme selkeän ja metodologiselta kannalta järkevän lähestymistavan jalostamista. Komissio suhtautuu luottavaisesti yhteisymmärryksen saavuttamiseen kesäkuuhun mennessä. Kolmanneksi on aina muistettava riski siitä, että unionin saatetaan katsoa olevan huolestuneempi pankeista ja yrityksistä kuin työntekijöistä ja perheistä. Komissio on päättänyt varmistaa, ettei näin ole. Köyhyyden torjumista koskevan tavoitteen asettaminen olisi selvä osoitus siitä, että EU:ssa on tarkoitus tarjota mahdollisuuksia kaikille yhteiskunnan jäsenille, myös kaikkein syrjäytyneimmille ja haavoittuvimmassa asemassa oleville. Kuten komissio on toistuvasti tuonut julki, köyhyyden ongelmaa ei voida ratkaista pelkästään työllisyyspolitiikan avulla. Työllisyyspolitiikka on ensiarvoisen tärkeä asia, mutta se ei ulotu kaikille yhteiskunnan aloille. Entä lapset? Miten on tarkoitus kohdella eläkeläisiä? Millaisiin ratkaisuihin pyrimme syrjäytyneisiin yhteisöihin nähden? Näin ollen voin vakuuttaa teille, että komissio painostaa edelleen asettamaan köyhyyden vastaisen tavoitteen ensisijaiseksi painopisteeksi. Tällä tavalla otamme tietysti huomioon perustamissopimuksissa vahvistetun toimivallanjaon. Kaikkia lippulaiva-aloitteitamme voidaan tulkita siten, että Euroopan unionissa toteutetut toimet täydentävät jäsenvaltioiden toteuttamia toimia. Eurooppa 2020 -strategiassa ei ole kyse siitä, että jollakin tasolla toteutetaan toimia muiden tasojen kustannuksella. Tarkoituksena on, että kaikki tasot toimivat hyvin ja yhdessä kokonaisuutena. Keskustelu siirtyy seuraavien kuukausien aikana entistä enemmän jäsenvaltioihin, kun EU:n laajuiset tavoitteet muunnetaan kansallisiksi tavoitteiksi. Pyydän teitä osallistumaan täysimääräisesti keskusteluun; kyse ei ole keskushallinnon antamasta määräyksestä. Kyse on yhteisestä lähestymistavasta yhteisiin ongelmiin ja luovasta tavasta hyödyntää yhteisön ulottuvuutta, jotta jäsenvaltioita kannustetaan lisäämään toimiaan talouden uudistamiseksi. Lausun lopuksi muutamia sanoja muista asioista, joista keskusteltiin Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksessa. Eurooppa-neuvosto keskusteli päivällisellä tulevasta G20-valtioiden huippukokouksesta puheenjohtaja Barroson alustavien lausuntojen pohjalta. Kuten tiedätte, kaikki EU:n jäsenvaltiot eivät ole G20-valtioita. Komissio on toiminut ja aikoo jatkossakin toimia yhteisön yleisen edun valvojana. Nyt kun rahoitusalan kriisin välitön vaikutus on väistymässä, G20-valtioihin kohdistuu haaste: niiden on ylläpidettävä vauhtia yhteisen lähestymistavan kehittämiseksi sellaisiin poliittisiin kysymyksiin nähden, joihin on tarpeen vastata, jotta maailma selviää kriisistä paremmassa kunnossa. Komissio katsoo, että Euroopan unionin on jatkettava tämän tavoitteen edistämistä. G20-valtioiden on lähetettävä selvä viesti tulevassa Toronton huippukokouksessa siitä, millaisella irtautumisstrategialla tuetaan talouden elvyttämistä, johon kaikki suuret taloudet osallistuvat. On myös syytä jälleen korostaa, että saattamalla Dohan kierros päätökseen annetaan huomattavasti pontta maailmantaloudelle. Mikä tärkeintä, rahoitusmarkkinoiden uudistusta on edistettävä. Meidän on jatkettava kansainvälisten kumppaniemme painostamista G20-valtioiden tekemien sitoumuksien oikea-aikaisen ja johdonmukaisen täyttämisen varmistamiseksi. Tältä osin kokouksessa korostettiin, että viestimme saa lisäpontta siitä, että voimme todeta EU:n tehneen kotitehtävänsä. Tästä syystä olisi ennen Toronton huippukokousta päästävä sopimukseen jäljellä olevista keskeisiä rahoituspalveluja koskevista sääntelyasiakirjoista eli vaihtoehtoisia sijoitusrahastojen hoitajia ja pankkien pääomaa koskevista kuuluisista CRD III -asiakirjoista. On tietysti myös olennaisen tärkeää sopia valvontapaketista, jotta viranomaisten toiminta voidaan aloittaa vuonna 2011. Komissio ei ole salannut olevansa pettynyt siihen, mille tasolle neuvosto ehdotti viranomaisten toimivallan leikkaamista vaarantaen siten niiden tehokkuuden. Te keskustelette parhaillaan paketista, mikä tarjoaa tilaisuuden yhteiselle uudelleenarvioinnille kuluneiden kuukausien kokemukset huomioon ottaen. Puheenjohtaja Barroso tarkasteli myös pankkien toimintakyvyn kohentamiseen liittyvää rasitusta ja vahvisti uudelleen komission myötämielistä suhtautumista uusiin välineisiin, kuten pankeilta kannettaviin kriisinratkaisurahastoja kartuttaviin maksuihin. Hän puhui myös johdannaisista ja erityisesti pelkistetyistä luottoriskijohdannaisista joukkovelkakirjoille aiheutuvasta ongelmasta. Hän korosti, että komissio tarkastelee asiaa tiiviisti ja pohtii, mitä uusia toimia on toteutettava lyhyeksi myyntiin liittyen johdannaismarkkinoiden rakenneuudistuksen lisäksi; olemme parhaillaan toteuttamassa sitä lainsäädännön nojalla, jonka esittelemme teille kesäkuussa ja myöhemmin tämän vuoden aikana. Eurooppa-neuvosto kiinnitti huomiota myös ilmastonmuutokseen ja ilmaisi tukensa komission tiedonannon pääkohdille. Jäsenvaltiot olivat samaa mieltä siitä, että asiaa pidetään edelleen yhtenä tärkeimmistä haasteista, jotka kohdistuvat yhteisöön. Tämä tarkoittaa kansainvälisiin toimiin liittyvän vauhdin ylläpitämistä, ja tiedätte, ettei se aina ole helppoa. Toimimme kuitenkin oikeista lähtökohdista käsin. Meillä on kokemusta EU:n sisällä toimimisesta. Eurooppa-neuvosto vahvisti uudelleen EU:n sitoutumista nopeasti saatavan rahoituksen myöntämiseen kehitysmaiden auttamiseksi. Meidän on nyt toimittava päättäväisesti ja yhdenmukaisesti. Meidän on esitettävä asiamme päättäväisesti maailmanlaajuisesti merkittäville kumppaneillemme ja selitettävä, miksi emme saa antaa kunnianhimomme livetä käsistämme. Komissio tunnustaa parlamentin jo aloittaneen nämä toimet. Kuten tiedätte, kollegani, komission jäsen Connie Hedegaard on jo käynnistänyt yhteistyöohjelman. Meidän on toimittava yhdenmukaisesti sitoutuessamme tehokkaaseen kansainväliseen sopimukseen, mikäli muut tärkeimmät sidosryhmät ovat valmiit osallistumaan. Meidän on vahvistettava Kööpenhaminan sopimuksen myötä saavutettua edistystä. Todettakoon yhteenvetona, että komissio osallistui voimakkaalla panoksella Eurooppa-neuvoston kokoukseen, joka oli ensimmäinen virallinen kokous Eurooppa-neuvoston pysyvän puheenjohtajan Herman van Rompuyn toimiessa menestyksellisesti puheenjohtajana. Haluan onnitella häntä sen johdosta, että hän toimi menestyksellisesti puheenjohtajana seilattaessa näillä vaarallisilla vesillä ja vaikeissa oloissa. Odotamme innokkaasti tulevina kuukausina - erityisesti kesäkuun Eurooppa-neuvostoon mennessä - tehtävää tiivistä työtä teidän parlamentin jäsenien ja puheenjohtajavaltio Espanjan kanssa neuvoston alakohtaisissa kokoonpanoissa. Näillä toimilla on näytettävä suuntaa dynaamiselle ja keskittyneelle EU:lle, joka on valmis vastaamaan tulevan vuosikymmenen haasteisiin. Corien Wortmann-Kool PPE-ryhmän puolesta. - (NL) Arvoisa puhemies, arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, arvoisa komission varapuheenjohtaja Šefčovič, Eurooppa-neuvostossa tarkasteltiin ensisijaisesti euroalueen ongelmia ja Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaa, jonka tavoitteena on palauttaa yhteisö tielle kohti kasvua ja kansalaistemme työllistymistä. Kaikki valtioiden ja hallituksien päämiehet hyväksyivät yhteisön taloudellisen hallintorakenteen lujittamisen ja sitoutuivat talouspolitiikan paljon voimakkaampaan yhteensovittamiseen yhteisössä. Tämä vaikuttaa lupaavalta. Se voisi jopa olla historiallinen hetki Euroopan yhdentymisen kannalta, mutta toistaiseksi se on ensisijaisesti lupaava. Ratkaisevaa on, miten asia pannaan täytäntöön tulevina kuukausina ja vuosina. Euroopan unionin kansalaisten mielestä lupauksia ei nimittäin lasketa. Heitä kiinnostavat vain tulokset. Arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, haluan Euroopan kansanpuolueen (kristillisdemokraattien) puolesta onnitella teitä sitoutumisenne johdosta. Toimikautenne Eurooppa-neuvoston ensimmäisenä pysyvänä puheenjohtajana alkoi hyvissä merkeissä ja tärkeänä tehtävänänne on jatkaa Eurooppa-neuvoston muuttamista elimeksi, joka on tosiasiallisesti poliittisesti sitoutunut Euroopan unionin taloudelliseen hallintoon. Odotamme mielenkiinnolla teidän ja työryhmänne saavuttamia tuloksia ja olemme vakuuttuneita siitä, että onnistutte täyttämään tehtävän sitoutumisenne ja sinnikkyytenne ansiosta. Asia on hyvin kiireellinen ja edellyttää päättäväistä ja energistä asennetta. Täten haastan teidät esittämään parlamentille työryhmän saavuttamat tulokset ja keskustelemaan niistä meidän kanssamme. Tehtävä on varsin laaja-alainen. Tästä syystä on tärkeää, että teette yhteistyötä Euroopan komission ja Euroopan unionin kansalaisia edustavan Euroopan parlamentin kanssa. Odotamme, että kunnioitatte täysimääräisesti institutionaalista asemaamme ja että otatte meidät aktiivisesti mukaan sekä tapahtuman jälkeen että ennen sitä, kun ehdotuksia kehitetään. Esimerkiksi PPE-ryhmä odottaa mielenkiinnolla Euroopan komission ehdotuksia, jotka koskevat laajempaa taloudellista yhteensovittamista rahapolitiikan alalla. Tältä osin ryhmämme pitää tärkeänä talousarvion suuntaviivojen tiukentamista vakaus- ja kasvusopimuksessa sekä niiden ennaltaehkäisevän vaikutuksen lisäämistä. Odotamme myös Euroopan komission toimivan hyvin aktiivisesti jatkettaessa EU 2020 -strategian kehittämistä. Haastamme komission hyödyntämään täysimääräisesti sille Lissabonin sopimuksessa annettuja välineitä, erityisesti arvioitaessa jäsenvaltioiden toteuttamia toimia. On nimittäin täysin selvää sekä PPE-ryhmälle että kaikille muille parlamentin ryhmille, että avoimen koordinointimenetelmän myötä olisi voitava tehdä pysyviä sitoumuksia ja edistää asioita yhdistelemällä järkevästi myönteisiä kannustimia ja tarvittaessa rangaistuksia; edellytämme, että ette kumpikaan hukkaa aikaa vaan esitätte vakuuttavia ehdotuksia. Todettakoon lopulta Kreikkaan liittyen, että ryhmämme puheenjohtaja Daul piti myönteisenä neuvoston päätöstä, joka koskee uutta järjestelmää Kreikan auttamiseksi tarvittaessa Kansainvälisen valuuttarahaston (IMF) osallisuudella. Solidaarisuus ja vastuuntuntoisuus ovat täydestä syystä suunnitelman kannalta keskeisiä tekijöitä. Tilanne on kuitenkin edelleen huolestuttava, minkä vuoksi toistan jälleen kerran, että solidaarisuus on vastavuoroista. Kreikan on noudatettava tekemiään sopimuksia panemalla uudistussuunnitelmat tosiasiallisesti täytäntöön. Pystyykö Kreikka palauttamaan luottamuksen rahoitusmarkkinoihin? Se on kriisin ratkaisemisen kannalta olennaisen tärkeä asia. Hannes Swoboda Arvoisa puhemies, aloitan kiittämällä puheenjohtaja Van Rompuyta siitä, miten rehellisesti hän puhui parlamentille, mikä on hyvä osoitus hänen henkilökohtaisesta sitoutumisestaan. Se, mitä jouduitte tosiasiassa ilmoittamaan parlamentille ja mikä liittyy neuvoston, ei teidän itsenne tekemiin päätöksiin, oli meidän kannaltamme suuri pettymys. Tarkastelkaamme ensinnäkin Kreikkaa. Tiedotusvälineissä, kuten esimerkiksi International Herald Tribune -sanomalehdessä, todetaan aivan oikein, että vaikka Kreikka täyttää nyt IMF:n tiukat vaatimukset, sen maineessa ei ole kehumista. Se johtuu neuvostosta. Lorenzo Bini Smaghi - joku sentään edustaa Euroopan keskuspankkiakin - totesi pitävänsä demokraattisempana, että ongelmat ratkaistaan tekemällä tiiviimpää yhteistyötä yhteisössä kuin IMF:n kaltaisen teknokraattisen elimen välityksellä. Markkinoista huomaa niiden reagoineen. Hyväksyn sen, että markkinoiden reaktio euron tilaan oli jossakin määrin myönteisempi, mutta Kreikkaan nähden tilanne ei ole kohentunut vaan huonontunut. Neuvostolta tullut viesti ei ole myönteinen. Neuvosto haluaa aina siirtää asioita, keskusteluja ja ehdotuksia. Ihan kuin olisimme Titanicilla - alus törmää jäävuoreen, minkä jälkeen ihmiset toteavat: "No, perustetaanpa työryhmä tarkastelemaan sitä, miten tällaiset törmäykset voidaan estää tulevaisuudessa" tai "keskustellaanpa intensiivisesti ensi viikon ruokalistasta" juuri kun onnettomuus on tapahtunut. Se ei ole mikään ratkaisu. Neuvoston on ratkaistava ongelmat. Syy ei ole teidän vaan valtioiden ja hallituksien päämiehien, jotka eivät ole valmistautuneet toteuttamaan toimia näiden ratkaisujen pohjalta ja jotka eivät ole valmistautuneet tarttumaan uusiin ajatuksiin, kuten esimerkiksi Euroopan sosialidemokraattien esittämiin ideoihin, jotka perustuvat kummallekin pilarille eli vakaudelle mutta myös solidaarisuudelle. Solidaarisuus ei tietenkään ole asenne, jota aletaan noudattaa, kun jokin on jo mennyt vikaan, vaan todelliset ystävät varoittavat toisiaan hyvissä ajoin, jos jokin asia uhkaa epäonnistua. Tästä syystä on epäoikeudenmukaista kohdella Kreikkaa tällä tavoin nyt, kun olemme seuranneet tilannetta sivusta vuosikausia, tietoisina siitä, että jokin oli pielessä, ja todeta kriisin jälkeen, että "ette voi nyt luottaa solidaarisuuteemme." Tästä syystä neuvoston Kreikkaa koskevat päätelmät ovat todella epätyydyttäviä. Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaan liittyvä tilanne on samankaltainen. Komission ehdotuksiin liittyi kielteisiä mutta myös myönteisiä puolia. Emme olleet kovin innoissamme, koska meistä tuntui, että niistä puuttui useita tekijöitä. Mitä neuvosto sitten menee tekemään Eurooppa 2020 -strategialle? Se poistaa siitä lukuisia osia. Mainitsitte juuri viisi kohtaa, mutta itse asiayhteys - ajatus siitä, että myös taloudellisia, sosiaalisia ja ympäristöön liittyviä asioita tarkastellaan Eurooppa 2020 -strategian myötä - on menetetty tai ainakin riskinä on, että se menetetään. Kuten varapuheenjohtajakin vahvisti, kuullessani joidenkin valtioiden ja hallituksien päämiehien kyselevän "Onko tarkoituksena toteuttaa toimia köyhyyden johdosta?" ja "Onko tarkoituksena torjua köyhyyttä?" tuntuu irvokkaalta, että köyhyys ja eriarvoisuus lisääntyvät nykyään yhteisössä. On myös sellaisia valtioiden ja hallituksien päämiehiä, jotka toteavat, ettei asia koske heitä. Miten he voivat siinä tapauksessa katsoa kansalaisia silmiin, jos yhteiskunnallista oikeudenmukaisuutta ei nimenomaan tarkastella keskeisenä aiheena? Olen näin ollen samaa mieltä teidän kanssanne ja komission varapuheenjohtajan kanssa siitä, että on korostettava, että köyhyyden torjumisen ja vähentämisen on kriteereistä riippumatta edelleen oltava tavoitteinamme. Se on todella tärkeää meille Euroopan parlamentin sosialistien ja demokraattien ryhmän jäsenille. (Suosionosoituksia) Arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, mainitsitte, että tämä oli ensimmäinen virallinen Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksenne. Toinen Eurooppa-neuvoston kokous koittaa kesäkuussa. Toivotan teille menestystä kyseisessä kokouksessa. Se ei ole helppo kokous, ottaen huomioon, että tuolloin toimitetaan tiettyjä äänestyksiä; niihin liittyy hyvin todenmukainen pelko siitä, että valtaan saattaa nousta puolueita, jotka ovat vielä vähemmän kiinnostuneita tiiviin yhteistyön tekemisestä yhteisössä. Toivotan teille kuitenkin kaikkea hyvää ja toivon, että valtioiden ja hallituksien päämiehet eivät jätä teitä pulaan, kuten ensimmäisessä virallisessa Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksessa. Kehotan teitä kääntymään parlamentin ja erityisesti Euroopan parlamentin sosialistien ja demokraattien ryhmän puoleen aina, kun tarvitsette apua ja tukea. Annamme teille uutta uskoa siihen, että yhteisö voi edelleen olla hyvä asia! Guy Verhofstadt Arvoisa puhemies, haluan esittää kaksi huomautusta viime kuussa järjestetystä neuvoston kokouksesta. Ensimmäinen koskee Kreikkaan liittyvää järjestelmää, johon suhtaudun hyvin epäilevästi. Toivon olevani väärässä, mutta en pidä sitä toimivana siitä yksinkertaisesta syystä, että se perustuu kahdenvälisiin lainoihin eikä kyseessä ole järjestelmä - yhteisön järjestelmä - jossa Euroopan komissio myöntää yksittäisen lainan Kreikalle, kuten alun perin ajateltiin. (Suosionosoituksia) Markkinoita tarkasteltaessa käy tällä hetkellä selvästi ilmi, ettei niillä uskota tähän järjestelmään. Se ei alkanut eilen vaan viikko sitten. Viime maanantaina eli viikko sitten paljastui, että Kreikan arvopaperien korkotaso oli lähes kuusi prosenttia. Se on 300 peruspistettä enemmän kuin Euroopan unionin alhaisin korkotaso eli kolme prosenttia. Koska Euroopan unionin jäsenvaltioissa keskustellaan nyt siitä, millaista korkotasoa kahdenvälisiin lainoihin olisi sovellettava, korkotaso nousi eilen 400 peruspisteeseen eli neljään prosenttiin. Tämä ei ole oikea tapa auttaa Kreikkaa. Kreikan on toteutettava tarvittavia toimia mutta ei kahdenvälisillä lainoilla. Järjestelmällä ei itse asiassa tällä hetkellä auteta Kreikkaa vaan rangaistaan sitä. Euroopan komission on ehdottomasti palattava mahdollisimman pian alkuperäiseen ajatukseen siitä, että Euroopan komissio myöntää Kreikalle yhteisön lainan. Korkotaso laskee tällöin automaattisesti markkinoilla tänään vallitsevasta tasosta Euroopan komission ja yhteisön toimielimien antaman takuun vuoksi. Tämä on ainoa tapa auttaa Kreikan hallitusta saavuttamaan tavoitteensa. Samalla Kreikan hallituksen on tietysti lopetettava sisäiset kiistansa. Mikäli Kansainvälisen valuuttarahaston osallisuudesta on eriäviä mielipiteitä ja mikäli tällaiset keskustelut jatkuvat, korkotaso nousee automaattisesti. Toinen asiani on, että tarvitsemme nyt muutakin kuin pelkkää järjestelmää Kreikkaa tai muita valtioita varten. Tarvitsemme nyt rohkeaa Euroopan komissiota, joka esittelee talous- ja rahapolitiikan uudistuksista muodostuvan paketin. Tarvitsemme niitä mahdollisimman pian. Tarvitsemme nyt pakettia, joka on yhtä merkittävä kuin taannoin Jacques Delorsin laatima paketti; hän esitteli tiettynä ajankohtana Euroopan talous- ja rahaliittoa eli sisämarkkinoita koskevan paketin ongelmien ratkaisemiseksi. Sellaista me tarvitsemme nyt. Tarvitsemme rohkeaa pakettia. Vain Euroopan komissio voi tehdä sen. Neuvosto ei voi tehdä sitä, ei edes neuvoston puheenjohtaja. Aloiteoikeus on komissiolla, jonka on nyt esiteltävä todellinen paketti. (Suosionosoituksia) Ryhmäni katsoo, että paketin on sisällettävä kolme tärkeää tekijää. Ensimmäinen on Euroopan valuuttarahaston perustaminen, mikä on ehdottoman tarpeellista ja ajatus, jota Saksan valtiovarainministeri Schäuble myöskin ehdotti. Tarvitsemme tällaista rahastoa mahdollisimman pian voidaksemme tehostaa vakaussopimusta. Toinen asia, jota tarvitsemme mahdollisimman pian, on yhteisön arvopaperimarkkinoiden korkotason alentaminen kaikkien Euroopan unionin jäsenvaltioiden osalta. Tällä ei pyritä rankaisemaan suurinta valtiota eli Saksaa. On päinvastoin mahdollista luoda järjestelmä, jonka mukaan Saksa maksaa nykyistä alhaisempia korkoja, koska yhteisön arvopaperimarkkinoihin voidaan tulevaisuudessa liittää likviditeettipreemio. Asian edellyttämät tekniset keinot ovat olemassa ja niitä voidaan hyödyntää. Kolmas tarvitsemamme asia on rohkeampi 2020-strategia. Tuen täysin sitä, mitä jäsen Wortmann-Kool totesi hetki sitten voimakkaampaa hallintomenetelmää koskevasta tarpeestamme. Emme saavuta tavoitteitamme avoimen koordinointimenetelmän avulla. Tarvitsemme keppiä ja porkkanaa, kuten jäsen Wortmann-Kool asian esitti, jäsenvaltioihin mutta myös ohjaajan paikalla istuvaan komissioon nähden. Hyvät kollegat, on eräs asia, jota meidän on pohdittava: jollei neuvosto toteuta tulevina kuukausia tarvittavia toimia rohkeamman 2020-strategian edistämiseksi, mitä me voimme Euroopan parlamenttina tehdä? Voimme toimia seuraavasti: Parlamentin on tulevien viikkojen aikana hyväksyttävä laajat taloudelliset suuntaviivat ja ilmaistava niitä koskeva kantansa. No, jos neuvosto ei ole esittänyt komission tuella rohkeampaa 2020-strategiaa, katson, ettei kyseisiä laajoja taloudellisia suuntaviivoja tarvitse hyväksyä. Ensinnäkin on tehtävä rohkea ehdotus, jota pääsemme toivoakseni tarkastelemaan kesäkuussa, minkä jälkeen voimme hoitaa tehtävämme ja hyväksyä tämän rohkeamman lähestymistavan ja laajat taloudelliset suuntaviivat. Rebecca Harms Verts/ALE-ryhmän puolesta. - (DE) Arvoisa puhemies, hyvät parlamentin jäsenet, myönnän, että kuunnellessani puheenjohtaja Van Rompuyn puheenvuoroa pyysin vierustoveriani, jäsen Lambsdorffia, nipistämään itseäni, koska minusta tuntui, että joko minä en elä tai Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtaja ei elä todellisessa maailmassa. Sanon näin, koska mielestäni ainoa myönteinen asia, joka seurasi äskettäin pidetystä huippukokouksesta, oli se, että Pariisin, Berliinin ja Brysselin - sekä EKP:n - välinen todella alhainen kiistely saatiin loppumaan. Kiistat liittyivät kysymyksiin siitä, myönnetäänkö Kreikalle minkäänlaista apua, miten sitä voidaan auttaa, tarvitaanko Euroopan valuuttarahastoa ja pitäisikö IMF:ää pyytää osallistumaan toimintaan. Tuloksena olivat viime kädessä lehmänkaupat, joita jäsen Verhofstadt on jo taitavasti kuvaillut. En myöskään ymmärrä, miten voitte todeta, että se, mistä huippukokouksessa sovittiin, auttaa jo nyt Kreikkaa, vaikka sen on tänään maksettava kuuden prosentin sijaan seitsemän prosentin suuruista korkotasoa; tarkistin asian juuri uudelleen. Korot nousivat näin ollen välittömästi neuvoston päätöksen jälkeen. En vain voi ymmärtää, miten yhteisön solidaarisuuteen vedoten on mahdollista petkuttaa ihmisiä tällä tavoin, kuten neuvosto on selvästi tehnyt. Olen myös sitä mieltä, että Kreikalle lähetettiin kokouksessa hyvin omituinen piiloviesti, koska se, mitä kuvailtiin neuvoston kokouksessa ja sen jälkeen - huippukokouksessa ja sen jälkeen - turvaverkoksi, ei todellisuudessa ole mikään turvaverkko. Jos se olisi verkko, sen olisi kannatettava painoa. Kreikan tapauksessa sovittiin kuitenkin, että valtion tilanteen on romahdettava pohjalukemiin, ennen kuin Brysselissä ollaan valmiina auttamaan. Kun liittokansleri Merkel palasi Brysselistä, Saksassa tuntui siltä, että hän halusi näyttää kreikkalaisille, miltä tuntuu romahtaa pohjalukemiin, ennen kuin hän oli halukas auttamaan heitä. Vaikuttaa siltä, että tässä tapauksessa haluttiin enemmänkin antaa kova opetus, mutta ei vaikuta siltä, että Euroopan unionia voidaan tällä hetkellä auttaa antamalla kovia opetuksia. (Suosionosoituksia) Tämä Kreikkaan kohdistuva hyvin kielteinen energia liittyy tiiviisti päätökseen olla osallistumatta Kreikan ongelmien ratkaisemiseen. Kaikki toimet, joita on nyt toteutettava julkisen talouden vakauttamiseksi ja sen määrittämiseksi, mitä aloja on supistettava valtionvelkaan liittyen, miten julkisia palveluja on tehostettava, miten veronkiertoa on torjuttava ja miten lahjonta on estettävä Kreikassa, on jätetty IMF:n hoidettaviksi Brysselin kieltäytyessä osallistumasta toimiin. Tämä ei mielestäni ole oikein. Jälleen kerran on tehtävä selväksi, mitä Kreikan tapaus meille opettaa, eli sen, että joudumme kohtaamaan perustamissopimuksiemme ja erityisesti Maastrichtin sopimuksen heikkoudet. Analysoidessani näitä heikkouksia ei käy ilmi, että meidän olisi sovittava keskinäisesti olla osallistumatta toimiin. Totean sen sijaan, että keskinäisten toimien lisäksi tarvitaan enemmän keskinäistä vastuuntuntoa ja solidaarisuutta. On tullut yksinkertaisesti aika - sen lisäksi, mitä jäsen Verhofstadt totesi euro-obligaatioista ja rahoitusalan tukijärjestelmistä - keskustella seuraavista uudistustoimista. Arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, jos työryhmänne, jota nimitetään Saksassa termillä "Arbeitsgruppe" eli työskentelyryhmä, joka kuulostaa hieman rajoitetummalta, antaa tähän kauan kaivattuun uudistukseen liittyvän tilaisuuden valua hukkaan, ennustan, että koko yhteisöä odottaa Kreikan kriisiä seuraava kriisi. Meidän on väistämättä lisättävä talouspolitiikkaamme, veropolitiikkaamme sekä tapaa, jolla laadimme talousarviomme ja takaamme kilpailukykymme, koskevaa keskinäistä koordinointia; myös vastuu on kannettava yhteisesti. Huippukokouksessa ei kuitenkaan onnistuttu turvaamaan kaikkea tätä ja katson, ettei siellä onnistuttu edes antamaan perustavia lupauksia. Totean vielä Eurooppa 2020 -strategiasta eli ilmastoalasta, että mikäli pidämme tätä onnistumisen tai epäonnistumisen osoituksena, mitä Connie Hedegaardin on tarkoitus viedä mukanaan Bonniin toukokuussa? Onko hänen tarkoitus mennä sinne tyhjin käsin? Onko hänen edes pakko mennä Bonniin, kun otetaan huomioon, mitä hänelle on annettu vietäväksi yhteiseen pöytään? Tämä on kiusallista! "Rouva ei" eli liittokansleri Merkel saa jälleen tilaisuuden mahtailuun. On kiusallista, että Saksa ja liittokansleri Merkel ovat jälleen vesittäneet puheenjohtaja Barroson esittämät sosiopoliittiset tavoitteet, jotka olivat valmiiksi heikkoja. Saksa on näin ollen todella kunnostautunut kielteisen energian lähteenä! Lukemani mukaan monet parlamentin jäsenet toivoivat Helmut Kohlin palaavan, kun kaikki tämä tapahtui. Minun on todettava, etten ollut yksi heistä. Minulla on hieman erilaisia muistikuvia Kohlin vuosista eikä yhteisö silloin merkinnyt kaikkea. Pidän tärkeänä, että Euroopan pääkaupungeissa tiedostetaan poliittisesti, että tänä maailmanlaajuistumisen aikakautena on yhdistettävä voimat ja että maailmanlaajuiset kriisit on muutettava yhteiseksi politiikaksi. Hyvä jäsen Verhofstadt, hyväksyn mielihyvin kehotuksenne lisätoimien toteuttamisesta Eurooppa 2020 -strategian parissa. Toistaiseksihan tilanne on se, että kolme parlamentin ryhmää on työskennellyt yksinomaan tämän asian edistämiseksi. Timothy Kirkhope Arvoisa puhemies, Kreikan kriisi hallitsi tietysti otsikkoja Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksen jälkeen, mutta kokouksessa otettiin myös Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaan liittyviä tärkeitä ensiaskelia. Oma ryhmäni eli ECR-ryhmä haluaa euroalueen olevan menestys sen jäsenvaltioiden kannalta. Koko yhteisön talouden kannalta on nyt olennaisen tärkeää, ettei mahdollinen epävakaus haittaa kauppaa ja laajemmin yhteisön taloutta. Kaikki jäsenvaltiot eivät tietenkään ole vielä liittyneet tai aio koskaan liittyä yhteisvaluuttaan. Tämänhetkinen kriisi selventää, miksi monet, kuten Yhdistyneen kuningaskunnan konservatiivipuolue, torjuvat euroon liittymisen väistämättömine "yhden koon" korkopolitiikkoineen ja sellaisten tekijöiden perusteella, joilla ei kenties ole mitään tekemistä kotimaassa vallitsevan taloudellisen tilanteen kanssa, määriteltävine valuuttakursseineen. Vallitseva kriisi on tosiaan paljastanut ongelmia, jotka johtuvat euroalueen tämänhetkisestä muodosta. Kun ongelmia pyritään ratkaisemaan, kriisiä ei pidä kuitenkaan käyttää tekosyynä Euroopan unionin toimivaltuuksien laajentamiseksi. Olemme jo kuulleet uhkaavan holtitonta puhetta tarpeesta lisätä yhteisön taloudellista hallintoa. Vallan keskittäminen Brysseliin ei ole oikea ratkaisu eikä sitä voida hyväksyä. Kreikka tarvitsee tukeamme ja kannustustamme, mutta on vaikea pyytää muiden, erityisesti euroalueeseen kuulumattomien maiden veronmaksajia maksamaan lasku. Vain kreikkalaiset voivat tietysti viime kädessä itse ratkaista ongelmat, jotka liittyvät Kreikan valtionvelkaan, ja toivotamme heille onnea heidän yrittäessään selviytyä kriisistä. Todettakoon Eurooppa 2020 -aloitteesta, että pidämme neuvoston tunnustelevia ensiaskelia myönteisinä. Tämänhetkistä talous- ja rahoituskriisiä tarkastellessa on aina muistettava, että meihin kohdistui valtavia taloudellisia haasteita jo ennen kriisin alkamista, kuten Kiinan ja Lähi-idän kasvu sekä energiansaannin lisääntyvä epävarmuus. Pitkän aikavälin taloudelliset näkymämme edellyttävät yhteisön talouden perusteellista uudistamista, jotta menestymme entistä kilpailupainotteisemmilla maailmanmarkkinoilla. Emme tue kaikkia aloitteeseen liittyviä näkökohtia. Jotkin alueet, joilla innovaatiota tarvitaan, kuten maatalous, on sivuutettu laajalti, mutta tuemme voimakkaasti ohjelman pääkohtia ja erityisesti yhtenäismarkkinoiden jatkuvaa kehittämistä. Katsomme, että menestyvät ja kilpailukykyiset yritykset ovat talouselämän keskeinen pilari, koska ne edistävät taloudellista vaurautta ja ovat keskeisessä asemassa työpaikkojen luomisen ja sellaisten resurssien tuottamisen kannalta, joista moni muu asia riippuu. Vaarana on, että samalla kun puhumme yrityksiin kohdistuvan rasituksen vähentämisestä, äänestämme täällä sellaisten asioiden puolesta, joilla on päinvastainen vaikutus, joten kaikkien Euroopan unionin toimielimien, kuten parlamentin, on hoidettava osuutensa. Komission on vältettävä sellaisten ehdotuksien esittämistä, jotka ovat rasite teollisuudelle, ja meidän on parlamentissa toimittava vastuuntuntoisesti ja harjoitettava itsehillintää. Monia osana Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaa asetettuja tavoitteita tarkistetaan kesäkuun kokouksessa. Päätän tänään puheenvuoroni esittämällä toivomuksen siitä, että Eurooppa-neuvostossa ilmaistua tukea taloudelliselle vapaudelle ja talousuudistuksille vahvistetaan merkittävästi tulevina viikkoina - toivoakseni kenties myös Yhdistyneen kuningaskunnan uuden konservatiivihallituksen avustuksella. Lothar Bisky Arvoisa puhemies, on hyvä asia, että valtioiden ja hallituksien päämiehet pääsivät sopimukseen hätäpaketista, mutta ratkaisua voidaan tuskin pitää todella yhteisöllisenä. Saksan hallitus on vaaleihin liittyvistä taktisista syistä ja Nordrhein-Westfalenin alue huomioon ottaen äitynyt varsin populistiseksi. Sopimus roikkui liittokansleri Merkelin ja presidentti Sarkozyn välisen keskustelun varassa. Paketti ei suojaa kansalaisia. Rahoitusjärjestelmän on tarkoitus muodostua, ja lainaan, kannustimista, joilla taataan, että rahoitusmarkkinat elpyvät mahdollisimman nopeasti korkeariskisten hintojen vahvistamiseen liittyen. Talouspolitiikan yhteensovittamisen on tarkoitus perustua vakaus- ja kasvusopimuksen tuloksettomiin periaatteisiin. Valtion ja kansalaisten on määrä säästää samalla kun rahoituslaitokset eli pankit arvioivat, onko säästöjä riittävästi. Menettely on mielestäni kyseenalainen. EU:n työttömyystaso on tällä hetkellä 10 prosenttia, korkeimmalla tasolla vuoden 1998 jälkeen. Yli 20 prosenttia alle 25-vuotiaista on työttömänä. On syytä määritellä tarkasti, mistä haluamme säästää. Muutoin pelkään pahinta. Miksi neuvostossa ei sovittu koheesio- ja rakennerahastojen lisäämisestä tai luottojohdannaisilla käytävän kaupan kieltämisestä välittömästi? Miksi neuvostossa on lykätty määrittelemättömäksi ajaksi sopimukseen pääsemistä erityisistä tavoitteista, joilla torjutaan köyhyyttä EU:ssa? En sivumennen sanottuna väitä, että näin olisi tehty tietoisesti, mutta lykkäys kestää käytännössä määräämättömän ajan. Tämä on mielestäni skandaali tänä köyhyyden torjunnan eurooppalaisena teemavuotena. Tämän vuoden kesäkuu on aivan liian myöhäinen ajankohta. Nigel Farage EFD-ryhmän puolesta. - (EN) Arvoisa puhemies, suuri mies on tänään läsnä: yhteisön puheenjohtaja. Hän on niin tärkeä, että hän on kaiken arvostelun ja moitteen yläpuolella. Hän on nykyaikaisen poliittisen luokan kuningas. Hän on uuden ajan Zeus, joka aikoo hallita meitä Berlaymont-vuorelta - ja voi sitä, joka uskaltaa kyseenalaista hänen auktoriteettinsa tai arvoasemansa, koska rangaistus on oleva ankara! Omalla kohdallani kävi niin, että kun kohtasimme viime kerralla ja minulla oli pari asiaa sanottavana, sain parlamentilta suurimman mahdollisen sakkorangaistuksen! Olen kuullut, että jos sanon jotakin, mikä pahastuttaa mielenne, mikrofoni suljetaan. Mikä on puheoikeuden hinta? Entä demokratian? Olette tänään palannut luoksemme parlamenttiin ja johdatte nyt presidentti Sarkozyn ja liittokansleri Merkelin hyväksynnän turvin uutta, 500-miljoonaisen kansan taloushallitusta. Olette myös käynnistänyt 10-vuotissuunnitelmanne eli alkanut käydä läpi toivomuslistaanne. Ihmettelen vain, mahdatteko muistaa, mitä edelliselle, vuonna 2000 aloitetulle 10-vuotissuunnitelmalle kävi. Sen käynnistämisestä tehtiin parlamentissa suuri numero, mutta se osoittautui sittemmin täydelliseksi ja lamaannuttavaksi epäonnistumiseksi jo ennen maailmanlaajuista taantumaa. Kaikki EU:n keskitetyt suunnitelmat epäonnistuvat. Ajatelkaa vaikka tuhoisaa yhteistä kalastuspolitiikkaa. Rakastettu euronne on nyt epäonnistunut; se epäonnistui poliittisesti ensimmäisellä merkittävällä esteellä. Huippukokouksessa ei onnistuttu esittämään suunnitelmaa eikä Kreikkaa pystytä auttamaan ilman, että Kansainvälinen valuuttarahasto tulee ja pelastaa eurounelmanne toistaiseksi. Arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, suunnitelmana näyttää olevan meidän epäonnistumisemme, mitä pitää saada lisää: lisää Eurooppaa, lisää epäonnistumisia! Mikä pahinta, menetämme demokratian. Teitä ei ole valittu vaaleilla. Ette ole tilivelvollinen kenellekään eikä Euroopan kansoilla ole keinoja poistaa teitä vallasta. Zeus sieppasi Europan ja pelkään teidän sieppaavan demokratiamme. Olette täällä vain siksi, että Lissabonin sopimus hyväksyttiin, vaikka Yhdistyneen kuningaskunnan kansalaiset eivät saaneet osallistua heille luvattuun kansanäänestykseen. Mielestämme asiaa ei ole loppuun käsitelty. Ihmiset taistelivat ja kuolivat sen vuoksi, että voisimme toimia riippumattomana itse itseään hallitsevana demokraattisena kansakuntana, joka pystyy nimittämään ja erottamaan johtajansa. Kukaan demokratiaan uskova ei ottaisi vastaan Euroopan unionin puheenjohtajan toimea. Barry Madlener (NL) Arvoisa puhemies, hyvä jäsen Farage, puhuitte jälleen kerran monien eurooppalaisten puolesta, jotka eivät pidä tällaisesta yhteisöstä, ja kiitän teitä siitä. Tämä keskustelu on suurta huijausta. Uusi valepuheenjohtaja Herman Van Rompuy, joka valittiin toimeensa salaisella menettelyllä, on onnitellut puheenjohtaja Barrosoa ja komissiota Kreikan taloudellisen pelastamisen johdosta. Tämä johtaa tietysti siihen, että alankomaalaisten veronmaksajien on jälleen kerran kaivettava kuvettaan. Ei pidä unohtaa, että Kreikka on pettänyt Euroopan valtioita esittämällä väärennettyjä lukuja jo monen vuoden ajan. Arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, ilmoitatte pakottaneenne Kreikan toteuttamaan kovia toimia. Kovia toimia, kuten eläkeiän korottaminen 61 vuodesta 63 vuoteen? Useimmat työssä käyvät eurooppalaiset voivat vain haaveilla tällaisesta. Alankomaiden hallitus on nimittäin pohtinut eläkeiän korottamista 65 vuodesta 67 vuoteen. Kreikkalaiset työntekijät jäävät eläkkeelle 63-vuotiaina ja lasku jää meidän maksettavaksemme. Mitä on tapahtunut kaikille Euroopan kansanpuolueen (kristillisdemokraatit) kovalle kielenkäytölle? Entä Alankomaiden kristillisdemokraattiselle puolueelle (CDA), jota jäsen Wortmann-Kool edustaa? Puolue ilmoitti vielä muutama viikko sitten, ettei alankomaalaisten veronmaksajien veroista luovuteta Kreikalle senttiäkään. Myös Angela Merkel on lausunut kauniita sanoja; hän totesi, ettei kreikkalaisten eläkkeitä rahoiteta sentilläkään. Tästä huolimatta, mikä on nyt tilanne? He ovat muuttaneet mielensä ja antaneet periksi. Heidän sanansa eivät ilmeisesti olleet minkään arvoisia. Lukuja väärentäneet kreikkalaiset saavat jo nyt rahoitustukea - ketkä seuraavaksi? Portugali, Espanja, Unkari? Näitähän riittää. Jopa jäsen Verhofstadtin edustama Euroopan liberaalidemokraattien liiton ryhmä ja, tosiaan, jäsen van Baalenin edustama Alankomaiden vapauden ja demokratian kansanpuolue (VVD) lupailevat nyt edullisia lainoja heikoille valtioille ja Euroopan valuuttarahaston perustamista. Hyvä jäsen van Baalen, miksi ette asetu vastustamaan jäsen Verhofstadtia? Petätte yksinkertaisesti äänestäjien luottamuksen. Lupasitte vaaleissa vähemmän Eurooppaa, mutta saamme sitä vain lisää. Oma ryhmänne puhuu tämän puolesta. Hyvät parlamentin jäsenet, Euroopan unioni ei ole ratkaisu ongelmiin vaan niiden syy. Herman Van Rompuy Arvoisa puhemies, hyvät parlamentin jäsenet, aion puhua varsin lyhyesti. Minun on muistutettava teitä parista perustavasta tosiasiasta. Ensimmäinen on se - ja olen kuullut tästä puhuttavan täällä silloin tällöin, mutta en mielestäni riittävän usein - että ratkaistavat ongelmat ilmenivät ensiksi valtiossa, jossa oli paljastunut talousarvioon liittyviä säännönvastaisuuksia. Ne on korjattava. On toteutettava toimia, jotta ne eivät enää toistuisi. On siis aloitettava aivan alusta eli talousarviomääräyksien noudattamisesta. Tästä syystä loimme taannoin vakaus- ja kasvusopimuksen. Toiset puoltavat sakkoja, rangaistuksia ja ankaran lähestymistavan noudattamista. Huomautan kuitenkin, ettei vakaus- ja kasvusopimuksesta ollut apua joillekin valtioille. Kreikan hallitus on toteuttanut toimia, rohkeita toimia, joille osoitan suosiotani. Toimet vahvistettiin 11. helmikuuta 2010 julkaistussa neuvoston epävirallisen kokouksen julkilausumassa. Kehotimme Kreikkaa toteuttamaan toimia. Se on toteuttanut niitä ja kantanut vastuunsa. Ne on nyt pantava täytäntöön, ja ymmärrän hyvin, miten suhdanneherkissä ja vaikeissa oloissa Kreikan hallituksen on toimittava. Ne on tästä huolimatta pantava täytäntöön. Kreikan hallitus on vakuuttunut siitä, että tiedossa olevia eroja voidaan kaventaa vain, jos koko budjettikuria koskevan politiikan tulokset ovat nähtävissä. Se on vakuuttunut tästä. Perustotuus on näin ollen, että ongelmien ratkaiseminen on aloitettava niiden ytimestä eli toisin sanoen yhden valtion ja muiden valtioiden talousarvioon liittyvistä ongelmista. Toiseksi Kreikan hallitus on osoittanut olevansa täydessä yhteisymmärryksessä Eurooppa-neuvoston päätelmien kanssa. Voimme pakottaa ihmiset iloitsemaan, mutta he olivat selvästi yhteisymmärryksessä. Huomasin tämän ennen kokousta, sen aikana ja sen jälkeen. Kolmanneksi he eivät vielä ole pyytäneet rahoitustukea, minkä he toistivat jälleen eilen. Näistä kolmesta perustavasta tosiasiasta halusin muistuttaa teitä. Seuraavaksi - mitä jäsen Wortmann-Kool vaati - pyrimme varmistamaan yhdessä parlamentin puhemiehen ja muiden kanssa, miten voimme tehdä yhteistyötä parlamentin kanssa työryhmän toimikaudella. Olen samaa mieltä niiden kanssa, jotka katsovat, että työryhmän on toimittava kunnianhimoisesti. En mainitse esimerkkejä menneisyydestä. Historia ei milloinkaan toista itseään eikä ainakaan samalla tavalla. Tämän tärkeän työryhmän on toimittava hyvin kunnianhimoisesti. Meidän on otettava opiksemme kaikki mahdollinen juuri kokemastamme kriisistä. Siitä on tehtävä kaikki mahdolliset johtopäätökset. Toimintamme on oltava enemmän ennalta ehkäisevää. Meidän on toimittava ennalta ehkäisevästi talousarvioon mutta myös noudatettuun talouspolitiikkaan liittyvissä kysymyksissä. Tarkoituksena ei ole viedä kansallisten hallituksien talouspolitiikan täytäntöönpanoon liittyvää tehtävää: nehän ovat tietenkin viime kädessä vastuullisia! Voimme kuitenkin toimia ennalta ehkäisevästi siten, että emme vaaranna yhteisvaluuttaa, euroa, tai yhteismarkkinoita eli sisämarkkinoita. Niitä ei saa vaarantaa! EU on siitä vastuussa. Kullakin taholla on oma vastuunsa. Näin ollen toimintamme on oltava taloudelliselta kannalta enemmän ennalta ehkäisevää. Tätä ei mainittu puheenvuoroissa, mutta haluan muistuttaa teille, että kilpailukykyyn liittyvä ongelma on perustavan tärkeä. Ongelmat eivät liity ainoastaan talousarvioon, vaan talousarvioon liittyvien ongelmien taustalla on taloudellisia ongelmia. Ne on ratkaistava, koska muuten - toistan - vaarannamme yhteismarkkinat. Tätä kaikkea on täten pohdittava. Kuten juuri totesin, tältäkin osin meidän on otettava opiksemme kaikki mahdollinen yhteensovittamisesta, valvonnasta ja joistakin uusista järjestelmistä, jotka on otettava käyttöön. Parlamentissa on esitetty useita ajatuksia, jotka ovat kaikkiaan päteviä ja kunnioitettavia ja joita meidän on tarkasteltava. Se, että en puhu niiden sisällöstä, ei tarkoita, että olen unohtanut ne tai että työryhmä unohtaa ne. Olen kiinnostunut useista liikkeellä olevista ja tänä iltapäivänä esitetyistä ajatuksista. Keskustelemme niistä avoimesti työryhmässä. Kuten mainitsin juuri, pyrimme varmistamaan, miten voimme tehdä yhteistyötä parlamentin kanssa työryhmän toimikaudella. Hyvät parlamentin jäsenet, totean 2020-strategiasta, että Euroopan komissio on mielestäni todella ymmärtänyt eurooppalaisen sosiaalisen mallin olennaiset osat. On olemassa taloudellisia, ympäristöön liittyviä ja sosiaalisia tavoitteita. Sosiaalisesti ja ympäristön kannalta kohennettua markkinataloutta koskeva erinomainen käsite on tästä syystä yksi tavoitteistamme. Olemme päättäneet viidestä tavoitteesta, joista yksi on yhteiskunnallinen osallisuus; se kuuluu Euroopan unionin toimialoihin perustamissopimuksen mukaisesti. Olemme tehneet yhteiskunnallista osallisuutta ja muun muassa köyhyyden torjumista koskevia päätöksiä. Vakuutan teille, että kun näistä viidestä tavoitteesta keskusteltiin perjantaina aamupäivällä, niitä ei kyseenalaistettu, ja palaamme tänne kesäkuussa asetettuamme määrälliset tavoitteet näille viidelle tavoitteelle. Pyydän niiltä, jotka ovat kärsimättömiä, vielä vähän lisää kärsivällisyyttä - kesäkuuhun asti - jotta saavutamme asettamamme tavoitteen. Olen itse, vähemmässä määrin kuin puheenjohtaja Barroso, ja totean tämän ystävälliseen sävyyn, pyrkinyt kaikin tavoin siihen, että nämä viisi tavoitetta sisällytetään Euroopan unionin ohjelmaan ja jotta ne pidetään siellä. Erimielisyyksiä on tietysti ollut, mutta katson, että olemme saaneet Ecofin-neuvoston, jonka kokoukseen osallistuin, yleisten asioiden neuvoston ja Eurooppa-neuvoston kollegamme vakuuttuneiksi siitä, että sosiaali-, talous- ja ympäristöalan välistä tasapainoa olisi ylläpidettävä 2020-strategiaan liittyvässä lähestymistavassa. Jollei sitä vielä ole hiottu, voin vakuuttaa teille, että kesäkuussa on. Mainittakoon myös rahoitusalan sääntelyä koskeva ongelma, josta jotkut ovat syystäkin muistuttaneet meitä. Asioilla on tapana unohtua hyvin nopeasti. Tämän työstämistä on kuitenkin jatkettava. Parlamentilla on rahoitusalan sääntelyyn liittyvä keskeinen asema. G20-valtioiden kokouksessa päästiin kuitenkin sopimukseen kokonaisesta ohjelmasta, koska joistakin asioista voi päättää vain maailmanlaajuisesti. Tältä osin toivon, että EU:n kuuluvaa ja yhtenäistä ääntä kuullaan. Teemme kaikkemme sen hyväksi. G20-valtiot tekivät kovasti työtä kriisin alussa. Taantuman jälkeen on tehtävä kovasti työtä. Kriisi ei ole vielä ohi mutta taantuma on. Kuten totesin johdantopuheenvuorossani, sopimukseen on kuitenkin paljon vaikeampi päästä, kun asiat ovat hieman paremmin, kuin silloin, kun olemme myrskyn armoilla ja ongelmien ympäröiminä. G20-valtioilla on luojansa eli Euroopan unionin avustamina näin ollen hyvin tärkeä ohjelma kesäkuussa Torontossa ja vuoden jälkimmäisen puoliskon aikana Etelä-Koreassa. Olen todella sitä mieltä, että Eurooppa-neuvostossa onnistuttiin välttämään pahin vaihtoehto - mikä on toisinaan tavoitteena myös politiikassa - ja että siellä luotiin perusta solidaarisuusjärjestelmälle. Toistan, että Kreikka on toteuttanut laajoja talousarvioon liittyviä toimia, ettei se pyydä tällä hetkellä mitään ja että se on ilmoittanut olevansa yhteisymmärryksessä tähän järjestelmään nähden. Olemme tehneet päätöksen taloudellisesta strategiasta, jolla on viisi tavoitetta. Ei kuuttakymmentä tavoitetta vaan viisi. Ne pannaan täytäntöön kansallisesti. Kaikkien jäsenvaltioiden on kesäkuussa esitettävä suunnitelmansa tulevia vuosia varten. Arvioimme tilannetta. Olen todella sitä mieltä, että olemme luoneet perustan tuleville toimille. Työryhmä on, sanokaamme, viisauden ilmentymä. Miten tätä kaikkea voidaan improvisoida? Niille, jotka ovat kärsimättömiä, totean, että vuoden loppuun mennessä, mihin ei enää ole pitkä aika, vain yhdeksän kuukautta - eikö teidänkin mielestänne yhdeksän kuukauden aikana voi saavuttaa paljon? - yritämme saattaa päätökseen kunnianhimoisen tehtävän eli tehdä kaikkemme estääkseen kokemaamme kriisiä toistumasta enää ikinä. (Suosionosoituksia) Puhemies (PL) Kiitos, arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy. Kiitän teitä suorasta vastauksestanne esitettyihin huomioihin. Kuulimme kaikki kriittisiä huomioita, joita tarvitaan tällaisessa keskustelussa. Puhumme erittäin tärkeästä asiasta. Emme puhu ainoastaan siitä, miten selviämme kriisistä tai miten voimme auttaa jotakin euroalueeseen kuuluvaa valtiota, joka on joutunut vaikeuksiin, vaan myös siitä, miten voimme kehittyä tulevien 10 vuoden aikana. Tämä on näin ollen ratkaiseva asia. Lisäksi on tarkasteltava ilmastoon liittyviä asioita. Arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, kiitän siis teitä vielä nopeasta vastauksesta joihinkin näistä asioista. Työryhmissä niistä keskustellaan tietysti järjestelmällisesti yhteisön kolmen toimielimen kanssa, jotta voimme kehittää yhteisen strategian. Euroopan parlamentti on täysin valmis tähän. Maroš Šefčovič komission varapuheenjohtaja. - (EN) Arvoisa puhemies, haluan myös vastata alkuperäiseen keskusteluun. Haluan kiittää parlamenttia sen esittämistä lukuisista erinomaisista ajatuksista, erittäin hyvistä ehdotuksista ja saamastamme rakentavasta kritiikistä, koska se auttaa meitä edistymään työssämme. Olemme Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtajan kanssa kuvailleet hyvin avoimesti, miten vaikea tilanne oli Eurooppa-neuvostossa. Olemme kertoneet hyvin avoimesti eroista ja erimielisyyksistä pyrittäessä ratkaisemaan Kreikan tilanne ja pohdittaessa EU 2020 -strategiaa. Olemme myös kumpikin myöntäneet toivoneemme parempia ratkaisuja. Samalla on kuitenkin toimittava todellisessa elämässä, jossa ajatusmaailmat törmäävät hyvin usein ja jossa on aina pyrittävä kompromisseihin. Niin me teimme ja saavutimme lopuksi olosuhteisiin nähden parhaan ratkaisun. Teemme itsellemme karhunpalveluksen vähätellessämme saavutuksiamme, koska olemme päätyneet ratkaisuun niin Kreikan kuin euroalueen kannalta. Pidämme tiiviisti yhteyttä Kreikan viranomaisiin ja kansainväliseen yhteisöön, ja olen varma siitä, että koko euroalue ja komissio tulevat Kreikan apuun, jos se sitä tarvitsee ja esittää asiaa koskevan pyynnön. Järjestelmä on siis olemassa, samoin kuin varat, ja olemme valmiit käyttämään niitä tarvittaessa. Haluaisin kiittää parlamentin jäseniä heidän EU 2020 -strategialle antamastaan tuesta. Voin vain olla samaa mieltä Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtajan kanssa siitä, että suhtaudumme hyvin optimistisesti strategian tulevaisuuteen ja siihen, että tavoitteista päästään poliittiseen sopimukseen. Tämä johtuu siitä, että Euroopan unionin johtajat tietävät tavoitteiden merkityksen eurooppalaisen elämäntavan säilyttämisen kannalta. He tietävät, että jos saavutamme tavoitteet, pystymme takaamaan sen, että Eurooppa on 10 vuoden kuluttua yksi maailmanlaajuisessa johtoasemassa olevista tekijöistä, jonka talous on erittäin kilpailukykyinen ja jossa harjoitetaan nykyisen kaltaista voimakasta sosiaalipolitiikkaa. Niinpä tällä hetkellä käymässämme keskustelussa tarkastellaan, miten jäsenvaltioita voidaan motivoida paremmin ja miten tavoitteet olisi laadittava, jotta ne olisivat täsmällisempiä ja jotta niitä valvottaisiin paremmin tulevaisuudessa. Olen varma siitä, että saavutamme nämä tavoitteet parlamentin avulla ja että pääsemme myönteiseen lopputulokseen kesäkuun Eurooppa-neuvostossa. Haluan myös korostaa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuyn huomautuksiin sisältyvää erityistä tekijää, joka koskee valmistautumista G20-kokoukseen. Me emme EU:ssa pysty enempään. Voimme sovittaa toimia yhteen ja parantaa toimintaamme yhteisön kehyksessä. On kuitenkin täysin selvää, että jos haluamme selviytyä kriisistä ja elää tulevaisuudessa paremmassa maailmassa, tarvitsemme maailmanlaajuista koordinaatiota, erityisesti sellaisilla tärkeillä aloilla kuin makrotaloudellinen vakaus, talouspolitiikka ja hyvin suhdanneherkällä rahoitusalalla toteutettavat toimet. Juuri niin EU aikookin toimia ja komissio antaa lähiaikoina asianmukaisia ehdotuksia. Olen varma siitä, että pääsemme pian käymään tuloksellista keskustelua näistä ehdotuksista. Gunnar Hökmark (EN) Arvoisa puhemies, totean ensinnäkin kaikille niille meistä, jotka haluavat kehittää uusia toimielimiä, uusia sääntöjä ja uusia varoja, ettei uusia sääntöjä laatimalla ole mielestäni mahdollista ratkaista ongelmia, jotka johtuvat siitä, ettei sääntöjä ole noudatettu. Meidän on noudatettava sääntöjämme. Tästä kriisistä on syytä oppia, ettei vajeiden olisi pitänyt antaa syntyä, minkä annoimme tapahtua. Toiseksi me kaikki annoimme tämän tapahtua, koska höllensimme sääntöjä, ja tiedän, kuka halusi etunenässä höllentää niitä. Totean kriittisenä, että suosin kunnianhimoisia uudistuksia kunnianhimoisten pyrkimyksien sijaan. Puhumme mielestäni hieman liikaa pyrkimyksistä ja hieman liian vähän toiminnasta. Kun toiminnasta puhutaan, huomaan, että komissio ja toisinaan neuvostokin puhuvat siitä, mitä jäsenvaltioiden olisi tehtävä, eivätkä siitä, mitä voisimme tehdä yhdessä Euroopan unionissa. Pidän työryhmää myönteisenä asiana, mutta meidän ei pidä hukata liikaa aikaa, koska tiedämme, miten paljon konkreettisia toimia on toteutettava: on vähennettävä ja poistettava byrokratiaa, on varmistettava, että sijoitamme yhteisössä enemmän varoja tutkimukseen ja tieteeseen, on tarkistettava talousarviota siten, että mahdollistetaan kasvu ja innovaatio, on varmistettava, että tietoyhteiskuntaa edistetään panemalla täytäntöön palveludirektiivi ja laajentamalla sitä uusille aloille, on taattava liikkuvuus työmarkkinoilla, on varmistettava, että rahoitusmarkkinoita kehitetään siten, että niiden vakaus lisääntyy, mutta ei suojelupolitiikka - haluan nimittäin todeta komissiolle, että rahoitusmarkkinoihin liittyvä uusi suojelupolitiikka ei kohenna yhteisön taloutta. Yhteisön tilaa ei paranneta tuhoamalla transatlanttisia pääomamarkkinoita koskevat tilaisuudet. Tiedämme siis, mitä tehdä. Olisi hyvä perustaa työryhmä mutta selviämme paremmin ilmankin. Gianluca Susta (IT) Arvoisa puhemies, hyvät parlamentin jäsenet, kuuntelin mielenkiinnolla neuvoston puheenjohtajan ja komission varapuheenjohtajan johdantopuheenvuoroja ja on todettava, etten ole vakuuttunut tehdyistä päätelmistä. En ole vakuuttunut maaliskuun Eurooppa-neuvoston päätelmistä, koska niistä käy ilmi, että eräät Euroopan nykyhistorian johtohahmot ovat luopumassa yhteisön ihanteista ja menetelmistä. Tämä tai lähinnä jotkin meihin liittyvät seikat huolestuttavat meitä maailman tapahtumat huomioon ottaen. Kreikan tilanne ilmentää sitä, mitä yhteisön olisi oltava mutta mitä se ei todellisuudessa vielä ole. Niinpä kehotamme Euroopan komissiota, sen varapuheenjohtajaa, joka on läsnä puheenjohtajan sijaan, ja neuvoston puheenjohtajaa hyväksymään lujan poliittisen aloitteen eli lainsäädäntöaloitteen. Komission on laadittava esityslista ja neuvoston on varmistettava, että emme seuraa sellaisten hallituksien esimerkkiä, jotka menettävät liian usein valtaa ja terävyyttä välittömien vaaleihin liittyvien, hallituksien toiminnan lamaannuttavien syiden vuoksi - kuten taannoin Ranskassa ja Italiassa, tulevaisuudessa Yhdistyneessä kuningaskunnassa ja Saksassa. Arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, teidän ei pidä toimia ainoastaan välittäjänä vaan myös yhteisön liikkeelle panevana voimana. Vetoamme demokraattisiin ja Eurooppa-myönteisiin tunteisiinne, jotta varmistetaan, että tällä uudella ponnella hyödytetään yhteisöä. Tavoitteiden asettaminen ei enää riitä vaan meidän on määriteltävä välineitä. Olemme yhtä mieltä tavoitteista aivan kuten Lissabonin strategiastakin. Millaisia nämä välineet sitten ovat? Haluammeko liittotasavallan talousarviota - ja nimittää sitä sellaiseksi - joka on suuruudeltaan vähintään kaksi prosenttia BKT:stä? Haluammeko ottaa käyttöön euro-obligaatiot, eurooppalaiset sijoitus- ja valtionobligaatiot, jotta voimme poliittisesti kohentaa yhteisön tilaa, mitä ilman meistä ei ole mihinkään? Meidän on olennaisilta osin tiedettävä, onnistummeko määrittelemään uudenlaisen yhteisön ja onnistummeko määrittelemään - hyödyntämällä parlamentissa ja sen ulkopuolella vallitsevien yhteisön poliittisten voimien välistä uutta suhdetta - todellisen eron ja todellisen rajan, joka erottaa nykypäivän Euroopassa konservatiivit ja edistysmieliset, ne, jotka haluavat poliittisesti yhdentyneempää yhteisöä ja ne, jotka haluavat sen sijaan vain laajentuneita yhteismarkkinoita. Lena Ek (EN) Arvoisa puhemies, neuvoston päätelmistä puuttuu kaksi vaikuttavaa sanaa: "avoimuus" ja "rohkeus". Ensimmäinen huomautukseni koskee taloudellista hallintoa. Jos meiltä puuttuu rohkeutta ja avoimuutta toimia tosiasioiden, paikkansa pitävien tilastojen ja totuuden varassa ja toimia siten ystävien kesken Euroopan unionissa, lopputuloksena on kaaos. Olemme tienneet tämän vuosien ajan. Kun puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy ilmoitti, että meidän on otettava opiksemme, voimme todeta, että olemme ottaneet opiksemme tässä parlamentissa vuosien ja vuosien ajan käydyistä täysistuntokeskusteluista. Nyt on toteutettava tilastoihin perustuvia toimia, koska muutoin rakennamme päätöksemme eli raamatullisesti sanottuna talomme hiekalle, ja tiedämme, ettei se ole kestävää. Tiedämme myös, että euroalueeseen kuuluvat valtiot rikkoivat vakaus- ja kasvusopimusta. Näin ollen on entistä kiireellisemmin toimittava todenmukaisesti ja uskaliaasti, avoimesti ja rohkealla mielellä. Kuten monet puhujat totesivat, meidän on myös otettava etäisyyttä avoimiin koordinointimenetelmiin. Niitä pidetään nykyään salaisina koordinointimenetelminä. Tarvitsemme avoimia ja sitovia tavoitteita sekä keppi ja porkkana -menetelmää, jotta valtiot panisivat päätökset täytäntöön. Totean kestävästä ja osallisuutta edistävästä kasvusta, että tiedämme, että "kestävyyden" olisi tarkoitettava ympäristöystävällisyyttä, mutta sen olisi tarkoitettava sosiaalista osallisuutta. Miksi pelätä kasvua? Tarvitsemme taloudellista kasvua ja se on sisällytettävä Eurooppa 2020 -strategian päätelmiin. Ympäristöön, toimintasuunnitelmaan ja puhetapaan liittyen päädymme vielä kiertämään kehää. Energiatehokkuutta tarvitaan välittömästi. Olkaa rohkeita ja tehkää energiatehokkuutta koskevia ehdotuksia. Tiedämme sen luovan työpaikkoja ja edistävän kilpailukykyä. Totean lopuksi parlamentin asemasta, että sen kuuleminen ei riitä. Kun puhumme pullonkauloista ja lippulaivahankkeista, puhumme yhteispäätösmenettelyistä, ja ne edellyttävät paljon muutakin kuin kuulemista. Derk Jan Eppink (NL) Arvoisa puhemies, puheenjohtaja Van Rompuyn ollessa puhujakorokkeella haluan Euroopan konservatiivien ja reformistien Belgian-valtuuskunnan johtajana toivottaa hänet tervetulleeksi parlamenttiin. Haluan esittää kysymyksen EU 2020 -strategiasta. Olen kanssanne samaa mieltä siitä, että seuraavien 10 vuoden aikana kyse ei ole siitä, selviääkö Eurooppa. Kyse on siitä - tämä on amerikkalainen sanonta, jota lienen lainannut muutamia kertoja - olemmeko pöydän ääressä vai ruokalistalla. Tämä koskee meitä kaikkia. Haluan tästä syystä esittää kysymyksen, joka koskee muutamia kertoja mainittua ajatusta eli Euroopan unionin, Yhdysvaltojen ja Kanadan välistä Pohjois-Atlantin vapaakauppa-aluetta. Ajatus ei ole vallankumouksellinen eikä myöskään oma ajatukseni. Liittokansleri Merkel esitti ajatuksen muistaakseni vuonna 2007 - eikä siitä ole jälkeäkään näkyvissä. Tavoitteena on suunnata katse ulkoiseen maailmaan ja luoda markkinoita aikana, jolloin suojelupolitiikka nostaa rumaa päätään. Avoimet markkinat, innovaatiot ja kilpailukyky vahvistavat talouttamme, eivät tuet tai yhteisön rahastot. Tästä syystä kehotan teitä suuntaamaan katseenne ulkomaailmaan ja sisällyttämään tämänkin näkökulman EU 2020 -strategiaan, koska vain se voi pelastaa meidät. Jos näin ei tehdä, meistä tulee globalisoituneen maailman Brygge. Nikolaos Chountis (EL) Arvoisa puhemies, nyt keskustelun aiheena olevan Eurooppa-neuvoston päätöksen arvo nähtiin eilen: nimeltä mainitsemattoman Kreikan hallituksen jäsenen esittämän kommentin jälkeen eräs uutistoimisto totesi, ettei Kreikka halunnut Kansainvälisen valuuttarahaston osallistuvan asian käsittelyyn. Uusi keinotteluvimma on nostanut lainojen korot historiallisen korkeiksi. Suunnitelma epäonnistui. Markkinoilla halutaan, että Kansainvälinen valuuttarahasto valvoo Kreikkaa ja muiden Euroopan valtioiden kansantalouksia. Tällä päätöksellä Kansainvälisestä valuuttarahastosta tehdään Euroopan unionin ja euroalueen vartija. Päättämällä ottaa Kansainvälinen valuuttarahasto laittomasti mukaan toimiin - missä perussopimuksessa ja missä artiklassa muka määrätään sen osallistumisesta sisäisiin asioihin? - tiukennettu vakaussopimus otetaan väkisin käyttöön heikompien kansantalouksien ja sosiaalisten ryhmien kustannuksella. Mikä yhteisvastuumenetelmä perustettiin, kun pakottamiseen ja painostamiseen perustuva menetelmä oli jo näköpiirissä? Kreikan lisäksi myös Espanja ja Portugali toteuttavat ankaria ruohonjuuritason vastaisia toimia välttääkseen saman kohtalon. Tästä syystä köyhyys ja työttömyys lisääntyvät, kasvu hidastuu ja taantuma pahenee. Sosiaalisesta polkumyynnistä on tullut ainoa kilpailukeino Euroopan unionissa. Tämä ei ole yhteisvastuuseen ja yhteenkuuluvuuteen perustuva Eurooppa. Mara Bizzotto (IT) Arvoisa puhemies, hyvät kollegat, talouspolitiikan koordinointi, kasvu, työllisyys, innovointi ja sosiaalinen osallisuus ovat uuden Eurooppa 2020 -strategian iskulauseet. Tällä Lissabonin strategian jälkeisellä strategialla on tarkoitus johtaa Eurooppa pois kriisistä, joka heikentää eurooppalaisten ostovoimaa ja mielialaa. Kymmenen vuoden kuluttua ensimmäisestä Lissabonin hysteriakaudesta tämä uusi resepti on valitettavasti vaarassa muuttua Euroopan talouden laihdutuskuuriksi. Uuden strategian keskeisten kohtien joukossa ei ole tosiasiassa yhtään konkreettista uudistusta. Ellemme ole vielä ymmärtäneet, EU on ensi vuosikymmenellä se sama Eurooppa, jonka epäonnistumista nyt surkuttelemme. Eurooppa 2020 -strategia on tuhoisa, koska Euroopan toimintatapa on tuhoisa. Se haluaa jäljitellä suunnitelmallista valtiojohtoisuutta, joka pitkään hallitsi kansallisia politiikkoja sekä rankaisi luonnostaan tuotantoyksikköjä ja paikallisyhteisöjä. Nykyään Eurooppa itse asiassa arvostaa Brysselin valtaa ja estää hajautettujen elintensä suoremman ja tehokkaamman toiminnan. Alueiden komitean lausunnon perusteella totean, että todella innovatiivisen strategian olisi ennen kaikkea palautettava keskitetyn ja hajautetun vallan välinen tasapaino. Euroopassa tarvitaan tosiasiallista toissijaisuusperiaatetta ja tosiasiallista federalismia. Euroopan historia on opettanut meille sen, että valtiojohtoinen keskitetty valta tuhoaa vaurauden ja sosiaalisen hyvinvoinnin, jos se ei tue taloutta vaan pyrkii muokkaamaan sen luonnetta. Jätetäänpä puheet sikseen. Kansalaiset, nuoret sekä pienet ja keskisuuret yritykset - toisin sanoen 99 prosenttia Euroopan tuotantorakenteesta - haluavat epäkäytännöllisten EU:n kasvustrategioiden sijaan hajauttamista sekä vapautta poliittisen ja byrokraattisten eliittien määräyksistä. Martin Ehrenhauser (DE) Arvoisa puhemies, hyvä jäsen Swoboda, puhuitte yhteisvastuusta ja siitä, ettei hyville ystäville ilmoiteta ongelmasta vasta kriisin puhjettua. Ihmettelen siksi, miksette ilmoittaneet Kreikan sosialistiystävällenne ongelmasta etukäteen. Ettekö kenties tienneet Kreikan talouden epävakaasta tilanteesta? Tässä yhteydessä mieleeni tulee luonnollisesti myös vastuukysymys. Kuka on vastuussa siitä, että Kreikka on toimittanut vääriä talousarviotietoja? Tätä asiaa on selvitettävä, ja siinä tarvitaan ennen kaikkea avoimuutta. Ainoastaan asettamalla kyseiset henkilöt tosiasiallisesti vastuuseen voidaan nimittäin taata, että myös voimassa olevia pelisääntöjä viime kädessä noudatetaan. Aina kuitenkin puhutaan uusista pelisäännöistä ja ratkaisuista. Nehän ovat olleet jo kauan esillä! Ongelmana on, että poliitikot tekevät pankkien ja edunvalvojien painostuksesta näihin ratkaisuihin yhtä paljon reikiä kuin sveitsiläiseen juustoon. Riippumattomuus on siksi erittäin tärkeää politiikassa. Jean-Pierre Audy (FR) Arvoisa puhemies, arvoisa Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, arvoisa komission varapuheenjohtaja Šefčovič, totean aluksi puheenjohtaja Van Rompuylle muotoseikasta, että parlamentin puhemies käyttää yleensä puheenvuoron, mutta pöytäkirjassa ei ole mitään mainintaa hänen puheestaan. Eikö häntä ollut kutsuttu vai onko pöytäkirjassa virhe? Haluaisin kuulla näkemyksenne. Lisäksi haluan todeta teille jälleen, että parlamentin jäsenet - tai ainakin jotkut meistä - arvostavat suuresti sitä, että tulette parlamenttiin valmistelemaan Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksia ettekä lähetä tänne neuvostoa, joka ei ole Eurooppa-neuvoston jäsen. Totesitte, ettette ole diktaattori. Olette merkittävä demokraatti. Ette ole tarkkailija, vaan omien sanojenne mukaan välittäjä. Arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, olkaa poliittinen toimija ja etsikää poliittista tukea täältä. Me annamme sitä teille. Haluan nyt puhua monesta eri asiasta, joista ensimmäinen on maatalous. Arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, kiitän teitä siitä, että olette valtioiden ja hallitusten päämiesten kanssa korjanneet komission asiakirjassa olleen valitettavan puutteen. Siinä ei nimittäin mainittu maataloutta, ja teitte oikein lisätessänne siihen tämän Euroopan unionin keskeisen historiallisen politiikanalan, koska maatalous vaikuttaa eurooppalaisten hyvinvointiin. Toiseksi totean, ettei Euroopan unioni ole vuotta 2020 koskevassa asiakirjassa mielestäni riittävän kunnianhimoinen maailmanlaajuisena toimijana etenkään kansainvälisen kaupan alalla. Kansainvälisen tason edustajina meidän on vaadittava vastavuoroisuutta kumppaneillemme. Olen iloinen, että saimme yhdessä presidentti Obaman kanssa vastavuoroisuutta säiliölentokoneita koskevan EADS-hankkeen yhteydessä. Arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, lisäksi ehdotan, että käytätte puhemies Buzekin kanssa yhdessä poliittista vaikutusvaltaanne, jotta voimme kutsua presidentti Obaman puhumaan Euroopan parlamenttiin. Jos hän ei pääse tulemaan, ehkäpä varapresidentti Joe Biden voi tulla tänne. Kun olemme nyt päättäneet eurooppalaisesta yhteisvastuusta, ehdotan lopuksi, että jäsenvaltioissa ja Euroopan unionissa otetaan käyttöön tilintarkastustuomioistuimen hyväksymä tiedotusjärjestelmä, joka koskee julkisen sektorin makrotaloutta ja rahoitusta, jotta Euroopan unionilla on käytettävissään luotettavia tietoja. Puhemies (EN) Minut kutsuttiin Eurooppa-neuvoston kokoukseen pitämään johdantopuheenvuoro, joka on saatavilla internetissä. Voin lähettää sen teille myös sähköpostitse. Toivon, että se otetaan huomioon. Esitin tietenkin Euroopan parlamentin kannan. Samana päivänä keskustelimme Kreikan kriisistä ja joistakin muista asioista. Yleisesti ottaen esittelin Euroopan parlamentin kannan. Puhuin 15-20 minuuttia kaikkein tärkeimmistä asioista. Voitte lukea puheeni. Lähetän sen teille. Matkustan kahden viikon kuluttua Yhdysvaltoihin, ja silloin on mahdollisuus puhua myös ehdotuksestanne. Pervenche Berès (FR) Arvoisa puhemies, arvoisa Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtaja, esitän neljä huomautusta. Ensimmäinen niistä koskee sen työryhmän toimeksiantoa, joka teidän on tarkoitus perustaa liiallista alijäämää koskevan menettelyn ja kriisin yhteydessä: älkää tyytykö tähän ohjelmaan, koska silloin ette ota huomioon tarpeitamme. Tarvitsemme nyt taloushallintoa. Kukaan ei vielä tiedä, mitä se tarkoittaa. Olemme yrittäneet jo kymmenen vuotta, mutta nyt on tullut aika selvittää tämä asia, ja jos keskitymme liikaa kriisinhallintaan, jätämme huomiotta oleellisen keskustelun siitä, miten yhtenäisvaluutan avulla voidaan toteuttaa älykkäitä yhteisiä toimia. Älykkäässä yhteisessä toiminnassa ei ole kyse ainoastaan vastuusta tai solidaarisuudesta, kuten totesitte, vaan pikemminkin yhteisen valuutan tuomasta lisäarvosta. Yhteinen valuutta tarkoittaa rahaliiton lisäksi myös talousliittoa, jossa ainoa tähän asti käytössä ollut väline - vakaus- ja kasvusopimus - ei ole riittävä, koska se ei ole koskaan ollut kasvusopimus eikä euroalue ole koskaan voinut sen avulla hyödyntää mahdollisuuksiaan. Kyseinen sopimus ei ole myöskään estänyt euroalueen talouksien välisten kilpailuerojen olemassaoloa tai lisääntymistä. Suunnittelittepa millaista perussopimuksen tai vakaus- ja kasvusopimuksen uudistusta tahansa, kyseisillä välineillä ei käsitellä talouksien välisten kilpailuerojen ongelmaa. Tästä syystä on keksittävä uusia välineitä. Se on oikea tapa käsitellä mainitsemaani toimeksiantoa. Lisään vielä, että olemme jo vuosien ajan todenneet tarvitsevamme koordinoituja aikatauluja, yhdenmukaistettuja talousennusteita ja yhteisiä diagnooseja, jotta voimme päättää euroalueen jäsenvaltioiden talousstrategioista. Tästä nimenomaan on kyse keskustelussa ja teillä nyt olevassa toimeksiannossa. Mitä tulee Euroopan parlamentin rooliin tässä koko asiassa, ehdotan teille ja parlamentin kollegoilleni, että perustamme toimielinten välisen terveen kilpailun hengessä oman viisaiden ryhmämme osaavista, asiantuntevista ja riippumattomista henkilöistä, jotka voivat tuoda tärkeän, älykkään panoksen tähän keskusteluun, jolla on ratkaiseva merkitys euroalueen ja näin ollen koko Euroopan unionin tulevaisuuden kannalta. Malcolm Harbour (EN) Arvoisa puhemies, osoitan huomautukseni Herman Van Rompuylle, joten puhun puheenjohtajana toiselle puheenjohtajalle. Sisämarkkina- ja kuluttajansuojavaliokunnan puheenjohtajana olen pannut merkille, että tavoitteiden joukosta puuttuu selvästikin sisämarkkinoiden toteuttamista koskevat jäsenvaltioiden tavoitteet, vaikka sisämarkkinoiden toteuttamisen olisi oltava talousuudistuksen ja -kasvun keskipisteenä. Pullonkaulojen vähentämisestä on puhuttu hienoissa puheissa, mutta huomaan, että mainitut suuret lippulaiva-aloitteet on siirretty puheenjohtaja Van Rompuyn luettelon häntäpäähän. Ne ovat kadonneet lähes jäljettömiin tässä julkilausumassa. Miksi emme keskity asioihin, joita voimme tosiasiallisesti hallita? Meillä on sääntöjä, joita olemme panemassa täytäntöön, mikä on ilahduttavaa. Olen kuitenkin jälleen ystäväni Berèsin kanssa samaa mieltä: eikö toimielintemme välillä voisi olla hieman kilpailua? Valiokuntani toteuttaa sisämarkkinoiden toteuttamista koskevia poliittisia toimia enemmän kuin mikään muu tänään täällä näkemämme tai neuvostolta kuulemamme taho. Kutsun puheenjohtaja Van Rompuyn valiokuntaani tapaamaan sen jäseniä ja keskustelemaan joistakin aloitteistamme. Käsittelyyn ovat tulossa Montin raportti ja valiokuntani mietintö. Kilpailkaamme yhdessä, mutta meidän on herran tähden käytävä käsiksi asioihin, joita voimme todella toteuttaa, sen sijaan, että meillä on joukko epämääräisiä tavoitteita, kuten nyt tässä ehdotuksessa. Georgios Toussas (EL) Arvoisa puhemies, Eurooppa-neuvoston päätöksissä jälleen korostuu, että Euroopan unioni on imperialistinen, ylikansallinen pääoman unioni. Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaa koskevien suuntaviivojen hyväksyminen ja väitetyn yhteisön taloudellisen tukijärjestelmän hyväksyminen ovat saman kolikon kaksi eri puolta. Ne ovat merkki uusista, julmista ja pysyvistä ruohonjuuritason ja työväenluokan vastaisista toimista, joita vuosina 2010, 2011 ja 2012 ja niin edelleen aiotaan toteuttaa Euroopan unionin jäsenvaltioiden julkisen velan ja alijäämien määrästä huolimatta. Pyrittäessä lisäämään pääoman tuottavuutta yritetään alentaa työvoiman hintaa ja lisätä riistoa kaikin mahdollisin keinoin. Euroopan unionin ja sen jäsenvaltioiden porvarihallitusten päätökset ovat tämän suuntaisia. Euroopan unionissa sekä sen ja muiden imperialististen keskittymien ja liittojen, kuten Kansainvälisen valuuttarahaston, välillä kehittyvät vastakkaiset näkemykset liittyvät niiden edustaman pääoman välisen kilpailun lisääntymiseen. Työnväen ja ruohonjuuritason luokat ovat luomassa omaa yhtenäistä taistelurintamaansa kapitalistien ja EU:n jäsenvaltioiden porvarihallitusten yhtenäistä EU:n strategiaa vastaan, jotta saataisiin aikaan perinpohjainen muutos ja voitaisiin tyydyttää työtä tekevien ruohonjuuritason perheiden nykytarpeet. Frank Vanhecke (NL) Arvoisa puhemies, on itsestään selvää, että ainakin useimmat vuoden 2020 tavoitteet ovat varteenotettavia. Jos jotkin jäsenvaltiot hyötyvät EU:n kannustimista sisäpolitiikassaan ja voivat niiden avulla toteuttaa tarvittavat toimet, siinä ei ole mielestäni mitään ongelmaa. Todella hämmästyttävää on kuitenkin erityisesti neuvoston puheenjohtajan kohdalla se, että eurokraatit tuskin edes huomaavat, että koko heidän aikaisempi yleissuunnitelmansa ja koko Lissabonin strategia ovat olleet täysiä fiaskoja - pelkkää retoriikkaa - ja ettei mikään oikeastaan viittaa siihen, että tällä kertaa jokin muuttuisi. Kuulemme päinvastoin puheita, joissa puolustetaan nopeaa etenemistä, myös Euroopan valuuttarahaston perustamista ja vielä nykyistä federalistisempaa Euroopan unionia. Tämä ei ole mielestäni oikea vaan täysin väärä suunta. Suhtaudun edelleen erittäin epäilevästi siihen, että koko EU:n politiikka annetaan yhä enemmän sellaisten eurokraattien käsiin, jotka ovat tähän mennessä onnistuneet hienosti sotkemaan sen. Pyydän Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtajaa kunnioittamaan hollannin kieltä hieman enemmän kuin hän on toistaiseksi tehnyt. Marietta Giannakou (EL) Arvoisa puhemies, on tosiasia, ettei talousliitto seurannut rahaliittoa. Talousliitto voisi kuitenkin merkitä erilaisten poliittisten näkemysten ja poliittisten ryhmien katoamista. Tässä tapauksessa Kreikan hallitus tietenkin hyväksyi Kreikkaa koskevan päätöksen Kansainvälisen valuuttarahaston osallistumisen osalta, mutta tämä herättää kysymyksiä. Tämä päätös tavallaan osoittaa, ettei Euroopan unioni pysty itse käsittelemään Kreikan ongelmaa eikä tulevaisuudessa mahdollisesti esiintyviä vastaavanlaisia ongelmia. Arvoisa Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtaja, olen kanssanne ilman muuta samaa mieltä siitä, että meneillään on moraalinen kriisi. Se on täysin selvää. Maailmanlaajuinen talouskriisi on tuonut esiin arvokriisin. Euroopan unionin on toteutettava asianmukaisia toimia tässä yhteydessä. Euroopan komission ja Eurooppa-neuvoston on tehtävä lisää yleisluonteisia päätöksiä, jotta tämä voidaan estää tulevaisuudessa. Neuvoston päätelmät köyhyyden käsittelystä, sosiaalisesta yhteisvastuusta, tietoyhteiskunnasta, tutkimuksesta, koulutuksesta ja ilmastonmuutoksen torjunnasta ovat tietenkin erittäin tärkeitä. Kaikissa näissä asioissa, erityisesti tutkimuksessa ja kilpailukyvyssä, on kuitenkin otettava huomioon vuonna 2000 tehdyt päätökset ja Euroopan unionin epäonnistuminen Lissabonin suuntaviivoissa, joiden yhteydessä jäsenvaltiot eivät selvästikään pystyneet soveltamaan kyseistä politiikkaa. Tutkimus sekä informaatio- ja tietoyhteiskunta ovat samaan aikaan saamassa nopeasti keskeisen aseman toisella puolen Atlantin valtamerta sekä Kiinassa ja Japanissa. Olemme mielestäni tavallaan ottaneet edistysaskeleen. Työryhmän päätelmien avulla voimme kuitenkin tehdä ratkaisevia, lopullisia ja aidosti eurooppalaisia päätöksiä, koska vain siten voimme edistyä ja käsitellä uusia kansainvälisiä kriisejä. Kathleen Van Brempt (NL) Arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, ette ylläty siitä, että minä ja koko ryhmäni olemme erittäin pettyneitä neuvoston tuloksiin. Totesitte äsken vastauksessanne, että neuvosto on hyvin perillä komission ehdotuksen taloudellisesta, ekologisesta ja sosiaalisesta tasapainosta, mutta tulosten perusteella tätä tasapainoa laiminlyödään vakavasti. Olette todellakin saanut aikaan tuloksia työmarkkinoiden sekä tutkimuksen ja kehityksen aloilla. Olette saarnannut ilmastopolitiikan nykytilasta. Parlamentti ja EU:n eri toimielimet ovat jo kauan sitten hyväksyneet vuoden 2020 tavoitteet. Ainakaan minun mielestäni - ja tämä on todella häpeällistä - ette ole noudattanut köyhyyttä koskevia tavoitteita sen harhaluulon perusteella, että asiaa on vielä hieman tutkittava. Olette yrittänyt kaunistella eripuraa, jota tähän sosiaaliseen tavoitteeseen epäilemättä liittyy neuvostossa. Tämä on erittäin valitettavaa ja Euroopan unionin 80 miljoonalle köyhälle todellakin isku vasten kasvoja. Olette ansioksenne aina hoitanut tehtävänne nöyrästi mutta kunnianhimoisesti. Tarkoitan nöyrällä sitä, ettette ole Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtajan tehtävässänne lainkaan ylimielinen, ja kunnianhimoisella sitä, että toteatte tehtävänänne olevan lähinnä pitkän aikavälin strategian kehittäminen ja esitteleminen tulevina vuosina. Testinänne ovat nyt EU 2020 -strategia ja tavoitteet kaikilla mahdollisilla aloilla. Uusintakoe on kesäkuussa. Me tuemme teitä, mutta tässä strategiassa on todellakin oltava selkeitä köyhyyteen liittyviä tavoitteita. Othmar Karas (DE) Arvoisa puhemies, arvoisa komission jäsen, arvoisa Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, esitän kaksi alustavaa huomautusta. Ensinnäkin haluan itävaltalaisena parlamentin jäsenenä kiittää lämpimästi siitä, että vierailitte parin viime päivän aikana Itävallassa ja tapasitte myös kansalliset parlamentin jäsenet, joilla oli jo tilaisuus keskustella Eurooppa 2020 -hankkeesta. Toiseksi haluan välittää jäsen Reulin pahoittelut. Tämä puheenvuoro oli varattu hänelle, mutta hänen oli mentävä valiokuntaan, koska hänellä oli samaan aikaan monta tehtävää hoidettavanaan. Siirryn nyt tämänpäiväiseen keskusteluun ja totean ensin neuvostolle, että Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksessa todellakin saatiin aikaan ratkaisu. Valtioiden ja hallitusten päämiehillä ei kuitenkaan ollut rohkeutta valita puhtaasti eurooppalaista ratkaisua. Siinä ei olisi tarvittu Kansainvälistä valuuttarahastoa (IMF). Rahansaantiperusteet ovat selkeät. EU:n on kuitenkin voitava toimia itsenäisesti, jos sen sisällä on ongelmia. Tarvitsemme lisää eurooppalaisia ratkaisuja. Toinen huomautukseni koskee Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaa. Eurooppa 2020 ei ole mikään tavoite. Sen on myös talous- ja finanssikriisin vuoksi oltava väline, jolla saavutetaan tavoitteemme. Eurooppa 2020 -strategiasta puuttuvat hankkeet, selkeät välineet ja tällä hetkellä myös poliittinen tahto toteuttaa tavoitteet. Arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, kolmas asiani on, ettei Lissabonin sopimus riitä ja että hallitusten välistä yhteistyötä on lisättävä. Emme kuitenkaan halua presidentti Sarkozyyn ja liittokansleri Merkeliin keskittyvää hallitusten välistä yhteistyötä ilman Euroopan parlamenttia ja kansalaisia. Lissabonin sopimuksella saavuttamiamme asioita ei saa mitätöidä myöskään tulevaisuuden ongelmia ratkaistaessa. Puhemies (EN) Othmar Karas on tietenkin itävaltalainen, mutta hän puhui Herbert Reulin puolesta. Juan Fernando López Aguilar (FR) Arvoisa puhemies, arvoisa Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtaja, minulla on kaksi viestiä. Toinen niistä on huolenaihe, ja toisessa pyydän kannustusta edessämme olevaan työhön. Olen huolissani siitä, että ratkaisu on puutteellinen ja että siitä puuttuu aito eurooppalainen ulottuvuus. Olen huolissani myös Kansainvälisen valuuttarahaston osallistumisesta ja turvautumisesta kahdenvälisiin lainoihin. Toimet eivät ole olleet riittävän tehokkaita, minkä vuoksi Kreikan velat ovat lisääntyneet lyhyellä aikavälillä. Minua huolestuttaa kuitenkin myös se, ettei parlamentissa korostamaamme perusongelmaa ymmärretä. Kreikan ongelma on sitä paitsi euroalueen ja laajemmin ajatellen koko Euroopan unionin ongelma: alijäämä ja velka ovat lisääntyneet erittäin kalliiden taloudellisten pelastussuunnitelmien vuoksi. Säästösuunnitelmat eivät saa siksi vaarantaa talouden elpymiseen tarvittavia investointeja eikä oleellisten uudistusten rahoitusta. Toisessa viestissäni vaadin näin ollen kannustusta, sillä oleellisten uudistusten on kuljettava käsi kädessä strategian kanssa, jonka merkitys ei tietenkään saa vähentyä eurooppalaisten silmissä. Meidän on siksi korostettava meille niin tärkeän eurooppalaisen mallin uudistamista - koulutusta ja tietoyhteiskunnan kehittämistä. Lisäksi on kuitenkin sitouduttava tarjoamaan laadukkaita ja ennen kaikkea tasa-arvoisia työpaikkoja, joiden avulla voimme aiempaa paremmin valmistautua tulevaisuuteen unohtamatta köyhyyden torjumista. Arvoisa Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtaja, pyydän teitä siksi lupaamaan, että neuvosto ja komissio ovat kunnianhimoisia Eurooppa 2020 -strategiassa, johon myös parlamentin on osallistuttava, sekä hoitavat tehtävänsä, koska on selvää, että parlamentti hoitaa joka tapauksessa omat tehtävänsä meitä tarkkailevia EU:n kansalaisia kohtaan. Danuta Maria Hübner (EN) Arvoisa puhemies, emme voi ennakoida kriisejä emmekä voi estää niitä tulevaisuudessa. Emme kuitenkaan ole yksin tässä tilanteessa, jos se yhtään lohduttaa. Rangaistuksemme olisi kuitenkin oltava se, että otamme opiksemme tästä kriisistä ja hyödynnämme kaikki sen tarjoamat mahdollisuudet. Tässä yhteydessä meillä - Euroopan parlamentilla, Euroopan komissiolla ja neuvostolla - ei ole muuta vaihtoehtoa kuin tehdä yhteistyötä ja muuttaa nämä opit viisaiksi, älykkäiksi ja aidosti eurooppalaisiksi toimiksi, joita kansalaiset tarvitsevat. Olen vakuuttunut siitä, ettei meillä ole varaa kärsivällisyyteen, vaan meidän on kiirehdittävä koko ajan. On suuri vaara, että finanssikriisistä ja todellisesta talouskriisistä tulee julkisen velan kriisi. Nyt ei ole siksi mitään kiireellisempää tehtävää kuin löytää uusi taloudellisen, sosiaalisen ja poliittisen energian lähde, joka käynnistää kestävän kasvun. Uudesta perussopimuksesta ilmenee selvästi, mistä tämän energian on tultava: EU on paljon enemmän kuin sen toimielimet ja kansalliset hallitukset. Sen tehtävät on jaettu EU:n, kansallisen, alueellisen ja paikallisen hallinnon kesken, ja voimme uskoakseni antaa EU:lle uutta energiaa suhtautumalla sen monitasoiseen hallintojärjestelmään vakavasti ja tarjota näin EU 2020 -strategian toteutusmenetelmiä. Euroopan alueellisilla ja paikallisilla hallintotasoilla on merkittävä vaikutus Euroopan tulevaisuuteen. Ne voivat hyödyntää yhä useampia käytettävissään olevia poliittisia välineitä sekä Euroopan tarvitsemaa kaikkien kumppaneiden - yritysten, akateemisen maailman ja kansalaisyhteisön - innostusta. Ne voivat myös muuttaa EU:n yhteiset tavoitteet omaksi alueelliseksi kasvukseen ja omiksi työllisyysstrategioikseen. Eurooppa voi hoitaa tehtävänsä vain, jos todella ymmärrämme, että EU:n tehtävät ja vastuu on jaettava hyvin organisoidulla tavalla EU:n, kansallisen, alueellisen ja paikallisen hallinnon kesken. Ottamalla paikallis- ja aluetasot mukaan EU 2020 -strategiassa asetettujen EU:n yhteisten tavoitteiden saavuttamiseen lisätään Euroopan potentiaalia ja kasvumahdollisuuksiamme. Anni Podimata (EL) Arvoisa puhemies, kaksi viikkoa sitten valtioiden ja hallitusten päämiehet päättivät perustaa EU:n uuden yhteisvastuumenetelmän, jolla tuetaan Kreikan kaltaisia vakavissa talousvaikeuksissa olevia kansantalouksia ja taataan euroalueen vakaus. Tämä oli epäilemättä tärkeä päätös, joka toivottavasti poistaa Euroopan unionissa viime aikoina vallinneen hajanaisuuden ja kakofonian sekä tuskalliset vaikutukset Kreikan lainakustannuksiin ja meille kaikille tutun euroalueen vakauteen ja yhteenkuuluvuuteen. Tämän päätöksen epäilemättä tärkeästä poliittisesta merkityksestä huolimatta keinottelijoiden hyökkäykset ovat valitettavasti jatkuneet - ja jopa lisääntyneet - viimeisten 24 tunnin aikana. Arvoisa Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtaja, tämä johtuu tukimenetelmään liittyvistä epäselvyyksistä, jotka on selvitettävä mahdollisimman pian, sekä tuntemattomasta lähteestä ja tuntemattomasta syystä liikkeelle laitetuista huhuista, joista on erilaisia versioita. Kreikassa taannoin esiin tulleen tuoreimman version mukaan on vaadittu, että 25. maaliskuuta tehty sopimus neuvotellaan uudelleen. Kuten tiedätte, Kreikan hallitus on kiistänyt nämä huhut. Myös teidän olisi kuitenkin nimenomaisesti ja selkeästi todettava Euroopan parlamentissa, onko Kreikka ottanut kahden viime viikon aikana esiin kysymyksen 25. maaliskuuta tehdyn sopimuksen uudelleenneuvottelusta. Teillä on myös oltava halua ja vahvuutta pyytää niitä valtioiden ja hallitusten päämiehiä, joilla oli keskeinen rooli ja päätösvalta lopullisen sopimuksen muotoilussa, noudattamaan sen sanamuotoa ja perusajatusta eikä esittämään valitettavia toteamuksia Kreikalle määrättävästä lainan korosta, jos se pyytää tukimekanismin käyttöönottoa, mitä se ei ole tehnyt eikä aiokaan tehdä. José Manuel García-Margallo y Marfil (ES) Arvoisa puhemies, haluan ottaa esiin kaksi uutta näkökohtaa, jotka liittyvät Eurooppa-neuvoston käsittelemiin asioihin eli Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaan ja rahoitusmarkkinoiden sääntelyyn. Eurooppa 2020 -strategiasta totean, että olemme kaikki parlamentissa olleet jo pitkään sitä mieltä, että Lissabonin strategia epäonnistui muun muassa siksi, ettei ollut riittävästi välineitä, joilla jäsenvaltiot olisi voitu velvoittaa noudattamaan sitoumuksiaan. Komissio ja Eurooppa-neuvosto esittelevät meille nyt ehdotuksen, jossa mikään ei muutu. Se on kehno sopimus, jossa viitataan perussopimuksen 121 ja 136 artiklaan. Neuvoston puheenjohtaja totesi Espanjan puheenjohtajakauden alussa tietävänsä tämän heikkouden ja haluavansa enemmän. Hän sanoi haluavansa vahvistaa taloushallintoa. Arvoisa Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtaja, kysyn teiltä nyt: "Missä ovat kohteliaisuudet, rakkauden teot ja urhoollisuus?" Mitä näille aikomuksille on tapahtunut? Rahoitusmarkkinoiden sääntelyn osalta minulla on yksi huono uutinen ja kaksi hyvää uutista. Huono uutinen on se, että neuvosto on päättänyt viivyttää vaihtoehtoisten sijoitusrahastojen - niin kutsutun kasinokapitalismin - sääntelyä juuri nyt, kun Kreikan taloudessa tapahtunut keinottelu on osittain johtunut näistä rahastoista. Ensimmäinen hyvä uutinen on, että Eurooppa 2020 -strategian yhteydessä puhutaan siitä, että rahoituslaitokset velvoitetaan säästämään rahaa, jotta ne voivat maksaa rikkomansa lautaset, tai kuten presidentti Obama sanoisi, jotta Main Street ei joudu maksamaan Wall Streetin aiheuttamaa vahinkoa. Toinen hyvä uutinen on, että neuvosto valitsee nyt ensimmäistä kertaa järjestelmän kannalta merkittävät laitokset, joihin se haluaa kiinnittää erityistä huomiota. Nämä kaksi asiaa tulevat esiin mietinnöissä, joita parlamentti parhaillaan käsittelee. Ne eivät tule esiin neuvoston joulukuussa tekemässä sopimuksessa. Toivon Eurooppa-neuvoston käsittelevän näitä kahta ajatusta uudelleen, koska silloin olemme huomattavasti lähempänä yhteistyötä. Arvoisa Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtaja, olen todellakin halukas tekemään yhteistyötä johtamanne neuvoston kanssa. Csaba Őry (HU) Haluan esittää kaksi huomautusta. Ensimmäinen niistä voi tuntua luonteeltaan tekniseltä, mutta siinä on tosiasiassa kyse muustakin. Toinen huomautus liittyy varsinaiseen asiasisältöön. Työllisyysdirektiivit näyttävät olevan olennainen osa Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaa, joka neuvoston on tarkoitus hyväksyä kesäkuussa. Se tuntuu kuitenkin täysin mahdottomalta, koska emme ole saaneet vielä edes ehdotusta. Sen piti valmistua huhtikuun loppuun mennessä. Edes pakkotahdilla parlamentti ei pysty antamaan lausuntoaan ainakaan ennen syyskuuta. Miten strategia voitaisiin hyväksyä kesäkuussa? Tai miten parlamentin kanta otetaan siinä tapauksessa huomioon? Olemme siis valmiita tekemään yhteistyötä tässä asiassa ja haluaisimme työskennellä yhdessä, mutta se edellyttää, että parlamenttia koskevia sitovia sääntöjä noudatetaan. Varsinaisesta asiasisällöstä totean, että on myönteistä, että neuvosto pyrkii saattamaan työllisyys- ja talousdirektiivit voimaan tiiviimmässä vastavuoroisessa suhteessa, mutta kuten totesin, tämä edellyttää, että voimme aloittaa yhteistyön neuvoston kanssa. Tällä hetkellä ehdotukset vaikuttavat joka tapauksessa liian yleisluonteisilta. Kyllähän 75 prosentin työllisyys kuulostaa hyvältä, ja hyviltä vaikuttavat myös ilmastonmuutosta koskevat "20/20/20"tavoitteet sekä koulutukseen liittyvät 10 ja 40 prosentin tavoitteet, mutta miten, millä ja mistä nämä tavoitteet saavutetaan ja miten on valvonnan laita? Mitä tapahtuu niille, jotka eivät saavuta näitä tavoitteita, ja entä ne, jotka saavuttavat ne vain paperilla eli jotka eivät toimita oikeita lukuja? Tällaista tapahtui Lissabonin strategian täytäntöönpanossa. Lopuksi totean olevani iloinen siitä, että myös koheesiopolitiikkaa lopultakin edistetään vuoden 2020 strategiaan liittyvänä tärkeänä alana. Minulla on kuitenkin tässä yhteydessä yksi ehdotus: meidän olisi joka tapauksessa asetettava määrällisiä tavoitteita - kuten köyhyyden torjunnan yhteydessä todettiin - ja kehitettävä jonkinlainen indeksi, jotta voimme seurata edistystä tai viivästyksiä. Seán Kelly (GA) Arvoisa puhemies, minulla olisi tästä aiheesta paljonkin sanottavaa, mutta aika ei riitä. Puhun siksi moraalisesta kriisistä. (EN) Puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy totesi, että neuvosto keskusteli moraalisesta kriisistä, mutta hän ei käsitellyt aihetta yksityiskohtaisemmin. Haluaisin hänen tekevän niin. Esimerkiksi kotimaassani Anglo-Irish Bank ja Irish Nationwide ovat pompotelleet talousasioitaan, jotta tilintarkastajat eivät saisi selville niiden todellista taloustilannetta. Mitä tapahtui? Irish Nationwiden toimitusjohtaja on ratsastanut auringonlaskuun miljoonat takataskussaan, mutta veronmaksajien palkkoja on pienennetty tuntuvasti. Kaksi viikkoa sitten Anglo-Irish Bankin johtokunnan palkkoja nostettiin, ja veronmaksajien tulevien vuosien laskuun lisättiin 40 miljardia euroa, ja summa kasvaa koko ajan. Arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, ellei näihin pahoihin tekoihin syyllistyneitä saada kuriin sekä henkilökohtaisesti että institutionaalisesti, historia toistaa itseään, ja kaikki tapahtuu aivan samalla tavalla kuin aiemmin. (GA) Haluaisin Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtajan puhuvan hieman tästä kriisistä. Kriton Arsenis (EL) Arvoisa puhemies, monet sanovat, ettei näiden tapahtumien perusteella arvioida viime kädessä Kreikkaa eikä euroaluetta vaan Euroopan unionia. Neuvoston maaliskuussa tekemän päätöksen perusteella yksikään Euroopan valtio ei ole vararikon partaalla. Olen kuitenkin samaa mieltä niiden kollegojeni kanssa, jotka ehdottivat lisää institutionaalisia vakiovälineitä, jotta voidaan käsitellä ja ehkäistä valtioiden vararikkoa sekä suojella jäsenvaltioita satunnaisten kriisien vaikutuksilta. Kreikka ei pyydä apua vaan toteuttaa toimia: alijäämää on onnistuttu pienentämään 4 prosenttia ankarilla toimilla, joita kreikkalaiset kestävät sankarillisesti, koska he haluavat muuttaa Kreikan tilanteen lopullisesti. Toukokuuhun mennessä Kreikan parlamentti on toteuttanut huomattavia muutoksia verotuksen, vakuutusten ja työmarkkinoiden aloilla. Meidän ei pidä yllättyä, jos Kreikka selviytyy tästä kriisistä aiempaa vahvempana ja vapaana menneisyyden veloista. Kuka tosin tietää, mikä taistelu Euroopalla on edessään? Norica Nicolai (RO) Todella monet meistä eivät valitettavasti tiedä, että Euroopan yllä leijuu uusi kummitus, nimittäin populismi. Unohdamme, että poliittisen hallinnon muotona tämä voi olla yksi syy talouskriisin taustalla olevaan moraaliseen kriisiin, josta kaikki puhumme. Siinä on kuitenkin kyse meistä ja poliittisista ryhmistä, joihin kuulumme. Arvoisa puheenjohtaja Van Rompuy, puhuitte budjettikurista. Aikaisempien kokemusten perusteella tiedämme, ettei ole hyvä, jos sääntöjä on liikaa tai liian vähän. Voisimme mielestäni lisätä huomattavasti joustavuutta ja tarkistaa vakaussopimusta, koska meillä ei ole visiota tulevasta eurooppalaisesta mallista. Siinä ei oteta huomioon todellisuutta ja nykyistä väestötilannetta, eikä niitä käsitellä myöskään EU 2020 -ohjelmassa. Tämän asian on mielestäni annettava meille ajattelemisen aihetta, koska emme saa antaa Euroopan uuden sosiaalisen mallin epäonnistua Lissabonin ohjelman tavoin. Toinen epäonnistuminen on musertava isku yhteenkuuluvuudelle ja osallistamiselle Euroopan unionissa. David Campbell Bannerman (EN) Arvoisa puhemies, en puhu kovin hyvin ranskaa - pardonnez-moi - mutta ranskan sana "gouvernement" tarkoittaa käsittääkseni samaa kuin "government" englanniksi. Luulin, että tämä on helppo ymmärtää. Sen ymmärtäminen ei kuitenkaan näytä olevan helppoa Yhdistyneen kuningaskunnan työväenpuolueen muodostamalle hallitukselle tai puheenjohtaja Van Rompuylle. Kyseisen hallituksen ja puheenjohtajan mielestä se näköjään tarkoittaa hallintoa (governance), joka määritellään hallintotoiminnaksi tai -tavaksi. Tämä on kieroa, koska EU:n neuvoston päätös parantaa EU:n taloushallintoa (economic EU gouvernement) tarkoittaa tosiasiallisesti sääntelyä ja valtion asioiden ohjaamista. Totuus on siis se, että neuvosto on antanut EU:lle lisää toimivaltaa, myös Yhdistyneen kuningaskunnan taloudessa, joka on briteille tällä hetkellä kaikkein tärkein yksittäinen asia. Milloin ihmisille kerrotaan totuus? Etenemme kohti EU:n supervaltiota, ja Yhdistynyt kuningaskunta joutuu maksamaan euroalueen jäsenten pelastamisesta, vaikka se ei itse onneksi kuulu euroalueeseen. Franz Obermayr (DE) Arvoisa puhemies, Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaan sisältyy kunnianhimoisia tavoitteita ja konkreettisia lukuja. Sen lisäksi, että näistä tavoitteista jäätiin - esimerkiksi tutkimuksen ja kehityksen osalta - kauas jo Lissabonin strategiassa, on otettava esiin kysymys siitä, ovatko monet näistä tavoitteista järkeviä. Eurooppa 2020 -strategian tavoitteena on esimerkiksi lisätä huomattavasti korkeakoulututkinnon suorittaneiden määrää. Tarvitsemme tietenkin päteviä henkilöitä, mutta asiantuntijoiden mukaan tarvitaan hyvin koulutettuja ammattilaisia eikä valtavaa määrää korkeakoulututkinnon suorittaneita, jotka tuskin löytävät ainakaan sopivaa työpaikkaa. Tavoitteet ovat hyvin ristiriitaisia. Yhtäältä on vakautettava talousarvio, mutta toisaalta tarvitaan valtavasti investointeja. On mielenkiintoista nähdä, miten tämä ratkaistaan tasapuolisesti. Alueista puheen ollen tutkimuksissa on käynyt yksiselitteisesti ilmi, että Lissabonin sopimus ja Lissabonin strategia olivat menestyksekkäitä silloin, kun alueet otettiin järjestelmällisesti mukaan toimintaan, mutta eivät silloin, kun toimittiin keskitetysti. Tämäkin on tärkeä näkökohta Eurooppa 2020 -strategian täytäntöönpanossa. Monica Luisa Macovei (EN) Arvoisa puhemies, otan esiin kaksi asiaa. Ensimmäinen niistä on vastuuvelvollisuus, jolla on ratkaiseva merkitys Kreikan tilanteen ratkaisemisessa. Komission on selvitettävä tiedonkulku Kreikan kanssa. Komission on tiedotettava parlamentille yksityiskohtaisesti Kreikalta saaduista makrotaloutta koskevista tiedoista ja sovelletuista menetelmistä sekä tarkka aika, milloin komissiolle toimitettiin mihinkin luokkaan kuuluvia tietoja ja tilastotietoja. Komission on ilmoitettava selvästi, kenellä on institutionaalinen ja henkilökohtainen vastuu. Joku on vastuussa, ja joku on asetettava vastuuseen. Tämä on eri asia kuin Kreikan tukeminen. Toiseksi Kreikan nykyinen taloustilanne johtuu pääasiassa korruptiosta, kuten Kreikan pääministeri myönsi ja kuten vuonna 2009 tehdyssä Eurobarometri-tutkimuksessa ilmennyt yleinen käsitys osoitti. Komission on aika toteuttaa kaikkia jäsenvaltioita koskevia korruption vastaisia toimia sekä laatia menetelmä, jolla ehkäistään ja torjutaan korruptiota kaikissa jäsenvaltioissa. Maroš Šefčovič komission varapuheenjohtaja. - (EN) Arvoisa puhemies, kiitän parlamentin jäseniä puheista, kysymyksistä ja ehdotuksista. Haluan vastata lyhyesti joihin kysymyksiin. Olen samaa mieltä niiden parlamentin jäsenten kanssa, jotka vaativat sääntöjen noudattamista. Olen varma, ettemme olisi tässä tilanteessa, jos sääntöjä noudatettaisiin paremmin. Työskentelemme erittäin ahkerasti sääntöjen hyväksymisen parissa, joten kun ne saadaan laadittua, niitä on ehdottomasti noudatettava. Komissio tekee kaikkensa, jotta säännöt pantaisiin vastedes paremmin täytäntöön. Mitä tulee tehtävien jakoon - komission ja jäsenvaltioiden velvollisuuksiin EU 2020 -strategiassa - olemme määritelleet varsin yksityiskohtaisesti, millä tasoilla EU:n ja jäsenvaltioiden on toimittava. Käsittelemme tätä hieman tarkemmin, kun teemme konkreettisen ehdotuksen siitä, miten lippulaivahankkeet toteutetaan ja pannaan täytäntöön. Tätä tarkastellaan varsin yksityiskohtaisesti. Jokainen toimenpide kuvaillaan erikseen. Voin vakuuttaa teille, että komission ensisijaisena tavoitteena on panna tämä erittäin tärkeä strategia täytäntöön. Tässä yhteydessä on tietenkin myös poistettava tarpeettomat esteet sekä hyödynnettävä yhtenäismarkkinoiden ja EU:n tarjoamia mahdollisuuksia huomattavasti tehokkaammin ja paremmin. Teemme näin komissiossa, mutta odotamme myös jäsenvaltioiden toimivan, kun ne toteavat, että yhtenäismarkkinoita voitaisiin hyödyntää paremmin, ja kun ne havaitsevat esteitä, jotka on pyrittävä poistamaan. Taloushallinnosta ja talouden koordinoinnin parantamisesta totean, että aiomme soveltaa Lissabonin sopimuksen määräyksiä täysimääräisesti ja tehdä tänä keväänä ehdotuksia tällä alalla. Hallinnon ja Eurooppa 2020 -strategian yhteydessä etsimme asianmukaista tasapainoa sen välillä, miten jäsenvaltioita motivoidaan myönteisesti ja miten niitä voidaan samalla kehottaa parantamaan ja tehostamaan toimiaan. Olemme mielestämme tällä kertaa löytäneet asianmukaisen menetelmän, jonka toteutuksen pitäisi onnistua huomattavasti aiempaa paremmin. Toteutamme tietenkin seuranta- ja arviointitoimia yhdessä parlamentin kanssa, joten meillä on erittäin hyvät mahdollisuudet keskustella tästä yksityiskohtaisesti. Transatlanttisesta yhteistyöstä totean, että komissio on sitoutunut edistämään transatlanttista talousneuvostoa ja sen työskentelyä. Olemme sitoutuneet myös Dohan kierrokseen, koska sen päätelmät tarjoavat nähdäksemme mahdollisuuksia parantaa maailmankauppaa ja kehitysmaiden tilanteita. Monet parlamentin jäsenet puhuivat Kreikasta. Tässäkin yhteydessä korostan, että olemme perustaneet euroalueen mekanismin, tosin IMF:n kanssa, mutta meidän on korostettava, että kyseessä on silti euroalueen mekanismi. Tämä oli paras mahdollinen ratkaisu erittäin vaikeissa oloissa. En yhdy toiseen kuulemaani väitteeseen, nimittäin siihen, että EU 2020 -strategiassa kannatetaan liikaa valtiojohtoisuutta. Pyrimme löytämään keinon ottaa käyttöön ja aktivoida eri tasot, joiden avulla voimme toteuttaa mahdollisimman tehokkaita toimia ja varmistaa optimaalisen tapahtumien kulun. Haluamme toteuttaa tämän siten, että kaikki tasot täydentävät ja tukevat toisiaan. Strategian ytimessä olevat pk-yritykset pyytävät meiltä tasapuolisia toimintaedellytyksiä kaikkialla Euroopassa ja hallinnollisen taakan vähentämistä. Tämä on nimenomaan tavoitteenamme. Maatalous on ilman muuta sisältynyt EU 2020 -strategiaan alusta alkaen, mutta kyseistä strategiaa ei saa pitää tyhjentävänä luettelona siitä, mitä tulevaisuudessa on tehtävä tai miten maatalouteen on suhtauduttava. Käymme pian erittäin tärkeän keskustelun talousarvion tarkistamisesta. Silloin on oikea hetki puhua yksityiskohtaisemmin maatalouden ja myös muiden politiikkojen tulevaisuudesta. Puhemies (EN) Tämä on meille tärkeä keskustelu, joten on syytä istua paikallaan ja jatkaa keskustelua. Herman Van Rompuy Arvoisa puhemies, hyvät kollegat, puhun hyvin lyhyesti Euroopan komission varapuheenjohtajan antaman vastauksen jälkeen. Haluan ainoastaan korostaa muutamaa seikkaa. Ensimmäinen niistä on Kreikan kriisin yhteydessä käyttöön otettu kuuluisa mekanismi, jollaiseksi sitä on valitettavasti kutsuttu viime viikkoina ja kuukausina. Monet teistä vaativat lisää EU:n toimintaa. Se on hyvä vaatimus, mutta meidän on noudatettava Lissabonin sopimusta. Lissabonin sopimus on erittäin selkeä. Siihen ei sisälly niin kutsuttuja pelastuslausekkeita. Siinä ei ole tällaista tilannetta koskevia määräyksiä. Meidän on siksi tehtävä jotain. Vaadittuamme Kreikan hallitusta ottamaan vastuun - minkä se on tehnyt, ja se on toteuttanut myös joitakin toimia - meidän on laadittava taloudellinen avustusmekanismi, jossa noudatetaan Lissabonin sopimuksen sanamuotoa ja perusajatusta. Euroopan komissio on siksi ehdottanut komission hallinnoimaa kahdenvälisiin lainoihin perustuvaa järjestelmää. Tästä syytä monet jäsenvaltiot, myös Alankomaiden parlamentti, ovat vaatineet Kansainvälisen valuuttarahaston osallistumista. Sitä ei ole vaatinut vain pari hallitusta vaan huomattavasti useampi taho. Miksi? Ne ovat vaatineet sitä, koska ne ovat suorittaneet Kansainväliseen valuuttarahastoon viime aikoina maksuja, jotta se voisi täyttää tehtävänsä ja tarjota ajoissa taloudellista apua. Eurooppa on todellakin maksanut hyvin suuren summan. Belgian pääministerinä osoitin Kansainväliseen valuuttarahastoon kotimaani puolesta viitisen miljardia euroa, ja jotkut jäsenet - heidän kotimaidensa parlamentit ja hallitukset - ovat kysyneet, miksemme voi auttaa Euroopan valtiota näillä Kansainvälisen valuuttarahaston käyttöön asetetuilla varoilla, kun Euroopan valtiot kerran ovat suorittaneet siihen maksuja. Jotain oli siis keksittävä vastikkeeksi, jotain luovaa ja perussopimuksen mukaista. Niiden, jotka vaativat lisää EU:n toimintaa, on aivan ensimmäiseksi toimittava - toistan - Lissabonin sopimuksen perusajatuksen mukaisesti. Tämä mekanismi on tietenkin kompromissijärjestely, joka oli otettava käyttöön, koska Lissabonin sopimuksessa ei määrätty muista menetelmistä. Hyvät kollegat, Kreikan hallitus ei ole missään vaiheessa pyytänyt tarkistamaan kaksi viikkoa sitten tehtyä sopimusta. Myös Kreikan valtiovarainministeri totesi tämän eilen erittäin selvästi. Toistan vielä kerran, ettei hän pyytänyt taloudellista apua. Hän toivoo huhujen vähenevän, kun hänen toimiensa tulokset ovat nähtävissä. Kaikenlaisten toteamusten esittäminen ja huhujen levittäminen on siksi erittäin vahingollista kreikkalaisille veronmaksajille, koska ne eivät auta ketään ja niistä on haittaa niille, joiden on siedettävä tiettyjä toimia, koska heidän kotimaassaan ei toimittu aiemmin riittävän nopeasti. Komission varapuheenjohtaja puhui taloushallinnosta. On syytä tehdä täysin selväksi, että Eurooppa-neuvosto työskentelee sille perussopimuksen 15 artiklassa myönnetyn toimivallan rajoissa. Eurooppa-neuvosto antaa virikkeitä ja määrittelee keskeiset poliittiset suuntaviivat. Sillä ei kuitenkaan ole toimeenpano- eikä lainsäädäntövaltaa. Se ei siis ole missään tapauksessa hallitus sanan perustuslaillisessa merkityksessä. Eurooppa-neuvosto kuitenkin koordinoi, seuraa, antaa tiettyä pontta ja virikkeitä, kuten perussopimuksessa selvästi todetaan. Tämä on taloushallinnon poliittinen merkitys, mutta sitä ei pidä missään tapauksessa ymmärtää sanan perustuslaillisessa merkityksessä. Työtä on vielä paljon. Jotkut ovat kysyneet minulta, onko tiettyjen talouteen tai työllisyyteen liittyvien direktiivien noudattamatta jättämisestä määrätty seuraamuksia tai aiotaanko niitä määrätä? Tällaisissa tapauksissa perussopimusta on muutettava. Seuraamuksia voidaan määrätä vain, jos niistä määrätään perussopimuksessa. Siinä ei määrätä niistä. Pitäisikö meidän keskustella tästä asiasta työryhmässä? Jos jotkut haluavat jättää käsiteltäväksi ehdotuksia, niistä keskustellaan, mutta Lissabonin sopimuksen vastaisia seuraamuksia ei voida määrätä. Yhdysvaltojen, Euroopan ja muiden välisestä vapaakauppa-alueesta totean, että juuri nyt on mielestäni tehtävä ennen kaikkea se, mihin Pascal Lamy ja muut ovat parhaillaan ryhtymässä, nimittäin huolehdittava Dohan kierroksen onnistumisesta. Tämä on nähdäkseni ensisijainen tavoite. Hän on aivan perustellusti soittanut hälytyskelloa. Euroopassa on selvästikin vältytty laajalta protektionismilta. Olemme välttäneet sen, mutta meidän on tehtävä enemmän ja mentävä pitemmälle. Meillä on todellakin joitakin erittäin suuria haasteita kolmella alalla. Yksi niistä on ilmastonmuutos, jota varten on tehty Kööpenhaminan sopimus, mutta hiilidioksidipäästöjen vähentämisen yhteydessä tehdyt lupaukset eivät ole riittäviä, jotta niillä voitaisiin saavuttaa Kööpenhaminan sopimuksessa määrätyt tavoitteet eli varmistaa, ettei lämpötila ylitä teollistumista edeltäneen kauden lämpötilaa yli kahdella asteella. Ilmastonmuutoksen lisäksi meillä on kansainväliseen kauppaan ja kansainväliseen rahoitusalan sääntelyyn liittyvät haasteet. Jotkut teistä puhuivatkin niistä perustellusti. Meillä on näin ollen äärimmäisen tärkeä kansainvälinen ohjelma, ja EU:lla on oltava erittäin merkittävä rooli G20-ryhmässä ja muissa elimissä, jotta kansainvälisellä ja maailmanlaajuisella tasolla tapahtuu edistystä. Miksi sisämarkkinoita ei voitaisi sisällyttää viiteen tavoitteeseen? Sisämarkkinat ovat todellakin väline, jota on säänneltävä useilla näistä tavoitteista. Meidän on käytettävä kaikkia sisämarkkinoiden resursseja tutkimuksessa ja kehityksessä sekä myös muilla aloilla. Sisämarkkinoita on kehitettävä, mutta ne eivät ole itsetarkoitus. Ne ovat vain tärkeä väline. Odotamme innokkaasti professori Montin ehdotuksia siitä, miten sisämarkkinoita voidaan parantaa. Ne ovat äärimmäisen tärkeä tekijä. Meillä on yhteiset markkinat samoin kuin yhteinen valuutta. Sisämarkkinoita on kehitettävä, jotta voidaan lisätä kasvua ja työllisyyttä. Jotkut teistä kysyivät, mikä tarkoitus tällä kaikella on. Tavoitteena on toteuttaa riittävä talouskasvu, jotta sosiaalinen mallimme voidaan rahoittaa asianmukaisesti. Tavoitteena on myös palvella Euroopan unionia, joka haluaa olla merkityksellinen toimija maailmassa mutta ei voi onnistua tavoitteessaan, ellei sen taloutta vahvisteta. Meillä ei voi olla merkittävää roolia maailmassa, ellei meillä ole todella suurta taloudellista vaikutusvaltaa. (NL) Vastaan hollanniksi, koska jäsen Van Brempt esitti minulle tämän kysymyksen. Puhun hänen tyhjälle paikalleen, mutta totean tämän siitä huolimatta. En todellakaan ymmärrä, miksi tämä on hänen mielestään häpeällistä. Köyhyyden torjunta on sisällytetty nyt ensimmäistä kertaa viiteen keskeiseen tavoitteeseen, mutta sanotaan, että on häpeällistä, koska emme ole menneet riittävän pitkälle, ja että joudumme uusintakokeeseen. Tämä on aivan ensimmäinen kerta. Olen siksi iloinen, jopa ylpeä siitä, että ryhdyimme taisteluun yhdessä komission kanssa ja että onnistuimme sisällyttämään sosiaalisen syrjäytymisen ja köyhyyden torjunnan näihin viiteen keskeiseen tavoitteeseen. Meidän on tietenkin määritettävä oikeat indikaattorit, mikä ei ole kovin helppoa. Se on paljon vaikeampaa kuin monet luulevat. Toistan vielä, ettei uusintakokeelle ole mielestäni todellakaan mitään tarvetta kesäkuussa. Jatkamme kesäkuussa 25. maaliskuuta tekemiemme päätösten täytäntöönpanoa tavalliseen tapaan. Olen siksi erittäin iloinen, että olemme tehneet muutoksen ja sisällyttäneet köyhyyden torjunnan Euroopan unionin ensisijaisiin tavoitteisiin. (FR) Arvoisa puhemies, esitän vain nämä muutamat kommentit ja huomautukset. En ole käsitellyt kaikkia esiin otettuja asioita, mutta se johtuu ajan puutteesta eikä siitä, etten ole kuunnellut. Monissa puheissa esitettiin huomautuksia eikä kysymyksiä. Olen pannut ne merkille ja aion harkita niitä. Kiitän teitä joka tapauksessa tärkeästä ja mielenkiintoisesta panoksesta tähän keskusteluun, jossa käsitellään Euroopan unionille merkityksellistä aihetta, nimittäin niin kutsuttua työllisyys- ja kasvustrategiaa eli Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaa. Puhemies (EN) Olen aivan varma, että jäsen Van Brempt ja vähintään 300 muuta kollegaa kuuntelevat huoneissaan, koska niissä voidaan kuunnella keskustelua. Ainakin kahdeksan Euroopan parlamentin valiokuntaa työskentelee suoraan ja muut välillisesti Eurooppa 2020 -strategian parissa, joten olemme voimakkaasti sitoutuneita siihen sekä valmiita keskustelemaan lisää, tekemään yhteistyötä ja laatimaan sen organisointia koskevia yksityiskohtia. Tämä on erittäin tärkeä keskustelu meille kaikille. Arvoisat Eurooppa-neuvoston puheenjohtaja ja komission varapuheenjohtaja, suuret kiitokset siitä, että tulitte paikalle ja käsittelitte tätä aihetta yksityiskohtaisesti ja laajasti. Kiitän myös kollegoja keskustelusta. Kirjalliset lausumat (työjärjestyksen 149 artikla) Elena Băsescu Euroopan parlamentin on tärkeää tehdä rakentavaa yhteistyötä komission ja neuvoston kanssa. Suhtaudun näin ollen myönteisesti tämänpäiväiseen keskusteluun Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksen (25.-26. maaliskuuta 2010) tuloksista. Keskustelussa kiinnitettiin erityistä huomiota Eurooppa 2020 -talousstrategiaan ja ilmastonmuutosta koskevien kansainvälisten neuvottelujen valmisteluun. Euroalueen ongelmat vaikuttavat nähdäkseni meihin kaikkiin, sillä euron vakaus on ensiarvoisen tärkeää koko Euroopan unionille. Eurooppa-neuvostolla on vastedes merkittävämpi asema koordinoitaessa kansallisella ja EU:n tasolla välineitä, joilla on tarkoitus parantaa jäsenvaltioiden talouksien suorituskykyä. Ainoastaan talousarvio-ongelmiin liittyvät ratkaisut eivät siksi riitä, koska nämä ongelmat liittyvät läheisesti taloudellisiin ongelmiin. Kannatan sitä, että Eurooppa-neuvoston tavoitteena on lisätä työllisyyttä etenkin nuorten tukemiseen tarkoitetuilla toimilla. Tutkimukseen ja innovointiin tehtävien investointien lisäämiselle on luotava nykyistä paremmat edellytykset. Realistisia tavoitteita on asetettava tämän alan lisäksi myös ilmastonmuutoksen yhteydessä. Euroopan komission on ehdotettava mahdollisimman pian konkreettisia täytäntöönpanotoimia sellaisia hankkeita varten, joilla pyritään vähentämään köyhyyttä koko Euroopan unionissa. Sebastian Valentin Bodu Kreikan talousongelmat ovat hallinneet kevään Eurooppa-neuvoston kokousta niin voimakkaasti, että jos kokouksen jälkeen ei olisi laadittu kirjallisia päätelmiä, monet meistä eivät olisi edes tienneet, että siellä keskusteltiin myös Eurooppa 2020 -strategiasta ja monista muista aiheista. Tämä tieto ei varmasti ole saavuttanut tavallisia eurooppalaisia, joilla on sellainen käsitys, että Kreikan asiat hallitsivat täysin koko kevään huippukokousta. Ilman kyynisyyttä voimme todeta, että tämä koko maailmanlaajuinen kriisi on kahden viime vuoden aikana luonut Euroopan yhteisöön yhden hopeareunaisen pilven: strategian ja tulevaisuudennäkymän, jotka estävät suuret talouslamat tulevaisuudessa, antavat uuden suunnan EU:n 27 jäsenvaltion kehitykselle ja parantavat välillisesti Euroopan kilpailukykyä. On kuitenkin tärkeää, etteivät kevään Eurooppa-neuvoston jalot päätelmät Eurooppa 2020 -strategiasta jää pelkiksi hyviksi aikeiksi. Euroopan unioni on monimutkainen elin. Se koostuu erilaisista yksittäisistä valtioista, jotka on liitetty institutionaalisesti toisiinsa. Ne kuitenkin reagoivat eri tavoin Euroopan unionin neuvoston antamiin suuntaviivoihin. Näin ollen saadaan luultavasti parempia tuloksia, jos kullekin jäsenvaltiolle asetetaan selkeitä tavoitteita eikä tarvittavien strategian täytäntöönpanotoimien toteuttamista jätetä niiden harkintavaltaan. Cristian Silviu Buşoi kirjallinen. - (EN) Huippukokouksen tuloksilla ei voida missään tapauksessa vastata tehokkaasti Kreikan tarpeisiin. Puheenjohtaja Van Rompuyn mukaan EU pystyy saavuttamaan yhteisymmärryksen, mikä pitää varmasti paikkansa, mutta tämä yhteisymmärrys perustuu valitettavasti pienimpään yhteiseen nimittäjään! Ehdotettu ratkaisu on kaikkea muuta kuin eurooppalainen ratkaisu. Aidosti eurooppalainen toiminta edellyttäisi kahdenvälisten lainojen sijaan EU:n toimintakehystä, jolla Kreikkaa autetaan selviämään velkakriisistään. Lisäksi pelkään, että koko euroalueen uskottavuus kärsii, jos IMF otetaan mukaan, puhumattakaan siitä, että Kreikan hallitus on ilmeisesti perääntynyt IMF:n toimista, koska IMF:n ehdot voisivat aiheuttaa yhteiskunnallista ja poliittista levottomuutta Kreikassa. Todella huolestuttavaa minusta on se, etteivät markkinat ole reagoineet kovin myönteisesti tähän ratkaisuun, koska Kreikalle ehdotetut markkinakorot ovat edelleen noin tai jopa hieman yli 7 prosenttia, mikä ei ole edullista Kreikalle. Mielestäni on kuitenkin myönteistä, että työryhmän toimintaa tehostetaan. Toivon sen laativan kunnianhimoisempia ehdotuksia, jotta euroalueen talouden ja julkisen talouden kestävyys varmistetaan tehokkaasti tulevaisuudessa. Kinga Göncz Mielestäni on myönteistä, että viimeisimmässä Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksessa laadittiin kompromissi, joka koskee Euroopan unionin talousohjelmaa vuoteen 2020 saakka ja Kreikan avustamista. Strategian tavoitteena oleva talouskasvu on samalla edellytyksenä työmarkkinoita koskevasta ja yhteiskunnallisesta kriisistä selviämiselle. On myönteistä, että Eurooppa-neuvosto kiinnittää runsaasti huomiota paitsi nuorten ja ikääntyvien myös vähän koulutettujen työllisyyden lisäämiseen. Kohderyhmien työllisyyden lisäämisen ohella on kiinnitettävä huomiota markkinoilla arvostettavien taitojen hankkimiseen ja elinikäisen oppimisen edistämiseen. Kannatan myös Unkarin hallituksen toimia, joiden tavoitteena on saada meidät asettamaan köyhyyden torjunnassa köyhyyteen liittyvien päämäärien sijaan alueellista yhteenkuuluvuutta koskevia määrällisiä tavoitteita, koska köyhät ja erittäin köyhät asuvat selvästikin EU:n tietyillä maantieteellisillä alueilla. Näin voitaisiin yhdenmukaistaa kehittymättömien alueiden köyhyyden ja monitahoisten ongelmien käsittelyä. Lisäksi on tärkeää, että Eurooppa 2020 -strategian tavoitteita asetettaessa päätöksentekijöiden saatavilla on täsmällisiä tietoja köyhyyden tasosta ja köyhien osuudesta yhteiskunnassa. Talouskriisin käsittely ja EU 2020 -strategia määräävät suunnan, mutta on täysin ymmärrettävää, että Visegrad-maat pyytävät, ettei tästä asiasta käytävässä keskustelussa määritetä vuoden 2013 jälkeisiä pitkän aikavälin rahoitusnäkymiä. Niiden määrittäminen edellyttää pitkiä neuvotteluja, ja on mahdotonta ennustaa, miten paljon EU:lla on taloudellista liikkumavaraa vuosina 2012-2013. András Gyürk kirjallinen. - (HU) Eurooppa-neuvoston maaliskuun kokouksen lopullisessa asiakirjassa kiinnitettiin aivan perustellusti erityistä huomiota ilmastonmuutokseen. Tämä on erityisen myönteistä, koska Kööpenhaminan kokouksen epäonnistuminen on luonut epävarmuutta ilmastopolitiikkaan. Joustomekanismit, etenkin päästökauppajärjestelmät, ovat todennäköisesti edelleen tärkeitä välineitä Euroopan unionin ilmastonsuojelutoimissa. Niiden toimintaan liittyy kuitenkin vielä ristiriitoja. Esimerkiksi Yhdistyneessä kuningaskunnassa päästökaupassa tehtiin viime vuonna suuri veropetos. Vasta hiljattain paljastui, että Unkarin hallituksen myymät kiintiöt päätyivät laittomasti takaisin EU:n päästökauppajärjestelmään. Ulkomaisten yritysten välityksellä päästöoikeuksia yritettiin käyttää kahteen kertaan. Nämä ovat vain kaksi esimerkkiä siitä, ettei päästöoikeusjärjestelmä toimi moitteettomasti. Väärinkäytökset ovat erityisen haitallisia niille, jotka pyrkivät tosissaan vähentämään ympäristövahinkoja. Kielteisistä esimerkeistä on otettava opiksi, ja päästökauppajärjestelmässä olevat oikeudelliset aukkotilanteet on poistettava mahdollisimman pian. Euroopan komission on pyrittävä estämään vilpillisessä mielessä ilman tosiasiallista suoritusta tapahtuva lupien käyttö tai niiden käyttö muuhun tarkoitukseen kuin mihin ne on myönnetty. Kansainvälinen ja EU:n ilmastonsuojelulainsäädäntö on lisäksi yhdenmukaistettava täysimääräisesti. Kaikkia näitä tavoitteita ajatellen myös EU:n valvontamenettelyjä kannattaisi tehostaa. Ilmastonsuojelun tehokas sääntely edellyttää edelleen joustomekanismeja. Joustavuus ei saa kuitenkaan tarkoittaa arvaamattomuutta eikä mahdollistaa väärinkäyttöä. Cătălin Sorin Ivan kirjallinen. - (RO) Maaliskuun 25. ja 26. päivänä 2010 pidetyn Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksen päätelmissä tietenkin korostuvat jäsenvaltioiden päätavoitteet vuoteen 2020 ulottuvalla kaudella. Panin erityisesti merkille lukuihin ja sitoumuksiin perustuvat johdonmukaiset tavoitteet, jotka koskevat tutkimukseen ja kehitykseen tehtävien investointien lisäämistä sekä kasvihuonekaasupäästöjen vähentämistä. On itsestään selvää, että poliittinen tahto on perusedellytys sen varmistamiselle, että näiden tavoitteiden saavuttamiseksi toteutetaan konkreettisia toimia, joilla saadaan aikaan myös tuloksia. Meidän kaikkien on siis toimittava. Toisaalta paheksun sitä, että koulunkäynnin keskeyttäneiden määrän vähentämistä, korkeakoulututkinnon suorittaneiden määrän lisäämistä ja sosiaalisen syrjäytymisen vähentämistä koskevien tavoitteiden asettamista lykättiin, etenkin kun vuosi 2010 on nimenomaan sosiaalisen syrjäytymisen torjunnan eurooppalainen teemavuosi. Vaikka päätöksenteko on edelleen hidasta useiden tekijöiden vuoksi, täytäntöönpanoa on tehostettava, jotta tämä uusi strategia onnistuu eikä sille käy samoin kuin Lissabonin strategialle. Krzysztof Lisek Kun otetaan huomioon Euroopassa meneillään olevat prosessit, kuten alkuperäisväestön väheneminen ja talouskriisi, annan täyden tukeni perusteellisesti harkitulle strategiselle toimintasuunnitelmalle. Eurooppa 2020 -strategian avulla meidän pitäisi pystyä torjumaan tehokkaasti näiden haitallisten ilmiöiden vaikutuksia ja valmistamaan maanosaamme ensi vuosikymmenen haasteisiin maailmanlaajuisessa kilpailutilanteessa. Luotan jäsenvaltioiden kansalaisille tarkoitettuun hyvään tiedotuskampanjaan, jolla autetaan heitä käyttämään Lissabonin sopimuksessa saamiaan valtuuksia ja vaikuttamaan ensin strategian suunnitteluun ja myöhemmin sen toteutukseen osallistumalla toimintaan alueellisella ja alemmilla tasoilla sekä pienemmissä paikallisyhteisöissä. Olen samaa mieltä siitä, että strategiset painopisteet - kestävä kasvu, osaamiseen ja innovointiin perustuva talous, investoiminen kansalaisten koulutukseen sekä yhteiskunta, jossa ei ole taloudellisia eroja ja köyhyyttä - on hyvin määritetty. Tämän jälkeen olisi mielestäni kehitettävä pikaisesti menetelmiä, joilla nämä ensisijaiset tavoitteet saavutetaan käytännössä, ja laadittava aikataulu niiden toteuttamiselle. Luotan hyvään ja kokonaisvaltaiseen yhteistyöhön tällä alalla. Haluan korostaa, että Eurooppa 2020 -strategiassa on otettava huomioon eri alueiden kehitystasossa ja potentiaalissa olevat valtavat erot. Pelkään, ettei työmme tuota odotettuja tuloksia, jos unohdamme mukauttaa aikataulun ja strategisten tavoitteiden saavuttamiskeinot EU:n yksittäisten osien ominaispiirteisiin. Marian-Jean Marinescu Suhtaudun myönteisesti Eurooppa-neuvoston tuloksiin, etenkin siellä tehtyyn tärkeään päätökseen tukea Kreikkaa yhteistyössä IMF:n kanssa. Tämä on merkittävä askel eurooppalaisen yhteisvastuun vahvistamisessa. Kreikka ei ole ainoa euroalueen valtio, jolla on talousongelmia. Suoraa avustusta tärkeämpää on toteuttaa rakenneuudistuksia ja palauttaa makrotalouden vakaus jakamalla määrärahoja uudelleen kestävän kehityksen tukemiseksi. Euroopan unioni tarvitsee uuden kasvua ja työllisyyttä koskevan keskipitkän aikavälin strategisen näkemyksen, johon yhdistetään varojen järkevä kerääminen ja uudelleen jakaminen. Lisäksi on toteutettava kaksi oleellista uudistusta - YMP:n ja koheesiopolitiikan uudistukset. Nämä kaksi budjettikohtaa nielevät paljon rahaa. Työllisyyden lisääminen, kilpailukyvyn ja tuottavuuden parantaminen sekä poikkeuksellisen tuottavat investoinnit tutkimukseen ja innovointiin ovat keskeiset toimet, joilla saavutetaan Eurooppa 2020 -strategian keskeiset tavoitteet eli pysäytetään laskusuhdanne ja käynnistetään kestävä kasvu. Rareş-Lucian Niculescu Mielestäni on myönteistä, että Eurooppa-neuvoston lopullisissa päätelmissä todetaan, että koheesiopolitiikalla ja yhteisellä maatalouspolitiikalla on erityisen tärkeä merkitys EU:n kilpailukyvyn varmistamisessa. Etenkin yhteinen maatalouspolitiikka - josta käydään parhaillaan kiivaita keskusteluja ennen alan tulevaa uudistusta - on merkityksensä vuoksi aivan erityinen aihe. Yli 12 miljoonan eurooppalaisen viljelijän lisäksi myös kuluttajat odottavat YMP:n uudistuksen jälkeen konkreettisia tuloksia, jotka parantavat yhtäältä heidän elintasoaan ja elintarvikkeidensa laatua sekä toisaalta Euroopan maatalouden ja elintarviketeollisuuden kilpailukykyä. Euroopan unionin on otettava tulevissa toimissaan huomioon toiveet, jotka sen kansalaiset ovat kohdistaneet tulevaan YMP:hen. Rovana Plumb EU 2020 -strategian on perustuttava talous- ja ympäristöpolitiikkojen aiempaa laajempaan koordinointiin, jotta onnistutaan luomaan ympäristön kannalta tehokasta talouskasvua ja lisäämään työllisyyttä. Puhtaaseen talouteen, jossa luodaan vihreitä työpaikkoja, voidaan siirtyä vain, jos muutetaan tuotanto-, kulutus- ja kuljetustapoja sekä tehdään suuria investointeja talousarviomäärärahoilla, yksityisillä varoilla ja verorahoilla. Tämä edellyttää nähdäkseni älykästä, vihreää prosessia, joka asetetaan etusijalle kaikilla tasoilla - paikallisella, kansallisella ja EU:n tasolla - ja jonka avulla voidaan parantaa kaikkien kansalaisten hyvinvointia, jotta Euroopan unionista tulee johtava toimija entistä globaalimmassa taloudessa. Joanna Senyszyn En sosialistina hyväksy Eurooppa-neuvoston hyväksymää Eurooppa 2020 -strategiaa. Siinä ei todeta selkeästi strategista tavoitetta (köyhyyden torjuntaa), eikä siihen sisälly toimia, joilla tämä tavoite voitaisiin saavuttaa. EU:ssa on 80 miljoonaa köyhää (20 prosenttia), ja 17 prosentilla EU:n väestöstä on niin pienet tulot, etteivät ne riitä heidän perustarpeisiinsa. Tämä ei ole pelkästään taloudellinen ongelma vaan myös ihmisoikeuksien loukkaus. Köyhyys heikentää terveyttä, rajoittaa koulutukseen pääsyä sekä aiheuttaa kodittomuutta, syrjintää ja sosiaalista syrjäytymistä. Vuonna 2008 julkaistun Euroopan komission raportin mukaan joka viides (19 prosenttia) puolalaisista elää köyhyysrajan alapuolella ja 26 prosenttia lapsista elää köyhyydessä (Euroopan unionin suurin luku). Tarvitsemme köyhyyden torjuntaa koskevan pitkän aikavälin strategian, jonka on oltava oleellinen osa EU:n politiikkaa. Poliittisen ryhmäni tekemien ehdotuksen mukaisesti tätä strategiaa olisi tuettava yhteisen maatalouspolitiikan uudistuksella. On tärkeää varmistaa kaikkien EU:n kansalaisten elintarviketurvan kaikki näkökohdat (tiukat terveys- ja laatuvaatimukset täyttävien elintarvikkeiden fyysinen ja taloudellinen saatavuus). Eurooppa 2020 -strategiasta on EU:n kansalaisille hyötyä vain, jos siihen sisällytetään sosiaaliset tavoitteet. Kehotan siksi komissiota ja neuvostoa 1. asettamaan köyhyyden torjunnan ensisijaiseksi strategiseksi tavoitteeksi, 2. laatimaan ja määrittämään tarkasti köyhyyden järjestelmälliseen vähentämiseen liittyviä erityisiä tavoitteita, 3. kehittämään ja hyväksymään (kesäkuun huippukokouksessa) köyhyyttä koskevia konkreettisia indikaattoreita sekä 4. määrittämään aikataulun yksittäisten tavoitteiden saavuttamiselle. Nuno Teixeira Eurooppa-neuvosto teki 25. ja 26. maaliskuuta päätöksiä, jotka vaikuttavat merkittävästi tuhansien eurooppalaisten elämään etenkin euroalueella. Myös Kreikan kaltaisissa valtioissa yhä pahenevan talouskriisin aikana euroalueen valtioiden ja hallitusten päämiehet ovat päässeet sopimukseen Kreikan taloudellisesta avustamisesta. Jäsenvaltiot ovat osoittaneet solidaarisuutta Kreikkaan kohtaan ja päättäväisyyttä vakauttaa valuuttaa lupaamalla kahdenvälisiä lainoja, jos Kreikka ei pysty ratkaisemaan julkisen taloutensa ongelmia muilla keinoin, etenkään Kansainvälisen valuuttarahaston avulla. Kymmenen seuraavan vuoden aikana uudessa Eurooppa 2020 -strategiassa on myös hyödynnettävä aiempaa Lissabonin strategiaa ja saavutettava kansalaisille konkreettisia tuloksia etenkin työllisyyden edistämisessä, eikä rakenneuudistuksia saa enää lykätä. Alueellisen yhteenkuuluvuuden on oltava oleellinen osa kyseistä strategiaa muiden keskeisten asioiden ohella. Niitä ovat esimerkiksi jatkuva sitoutuminen osaamiseen ja innovointiin, kestävään talouskehitykseen sekä sosiaaliseen osallistamiseen. Euroopan unioni on virallistanut tukensa tälle strategialle, ja jäsenvaltioiden on ehdottomasti sitouduttava siihen. Silvia-Adriana Ţicău Mielestäni on myönteistä, että 25. ja 26. maaliskuuta pidetyssä Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksessa EU ensimmäistä kertaa sitoutui voimakkaasti lisäämään energiatehokkuutta 20 prosenttia vuoteen 2020 mennessä ja lupasi myös vähentää saastepäästöjä 20 prosenttia vuoden 1990 tasoon verrattuna. Työttömyyden nopea lisääntyminen on nyt EU:n suurin haaste. Helmikuussa työttömyysaste oli 10 prosenttia ja työttömien määrä yli 23 miljoonaa, eli työttömien määrä oli lisääntynyt 3,1 miljoonaa helmikuusta 2009. Talouskriisistä kärsivät sekä julkinen että yksityinen sektori, ja tuhannet eurooppalaiset yritykset joutuvat selvitystilaan ja miljoonat työntekijät menettävät työpaikkansa. Työntekijöiden ja yritysten määrän vähentyminen vaikuttaa voimakkaasti julkisiin menoihin osoitettaviin määrärahoihin ja EU:n kansalaisten elämänlaatuun. EU:n on kuitenkin määrättävä kehityksensä suunta ja tarjottava tarvittava rahoitus. Euroopan unionin on investoitava koulutukseen, tutkimukseen ja kunnianhimoiseen, kestävään teollisuuspolitiikkaan, jotta se voi pysyä maailmanlaajuisesti kilpailukykyisenä. EU:n on investoitava myös terveydenhuoltoon, maatalouteen sekä liikenne- ja energiainfrastruktuureihin. Kehotan komissiota tekemään lainsäädäntöehdotuksen liikenneinfrastruktuurin kehittämiseen tarkoitetun EU:n rahaston perustamisesta. Jarosław Leszek Wałęsa Hyvät kuulijat, viimeisimmässä EU:n huippukokouksessa pyrittiin kehittämään uusi strategia euroaluetta ja talouskriisistä selviämistä varten. EU:n johtajat olivat yhtä mieltä siitä, että EU:n talouspolitiikkaa on vahvistettava määrittämällä tulevat yhteiset suuntaviivat ja kehittämällä varhaisvaroitusjärjestelmä talousvaikeuksissa olevia jäsenvaltioita varten. Maailmanlaajuisen finanssikriisin seuraukset tarjoavat Euroopalle hyvän mahdollisuuden lujittaa sisäistä yhdentymistään ja yhteistyötään. Nyt on aika hyödyntää Euroopan yhdentymisen kiistattomia etuja ja viedä Eurooppa-hanke uudelle, korkeammalle tasolle. Huippukokouksella oli optimistinen ja lupaava merkitys. Meidän on kuitenkin oltava varovaisia, jotta tämä yritys kehittää EU:lle uusi talousstrategia ei pääty kuten Lissabonin strategia, jonka avulla EU:sta oli tarkoitus tehdä maailman dynaamisin tietoon perustuva talous mutta joka oli suuri fiasko. Kiitos. Iuliu Winkler Puolessa vuodessa Euroopan unioni on joutunut lupaavasta tilanteesta lähes täydelliseen eripuraan. Kuusi kuukautta sitten Lissabonin sopimuksen voimaantulo herätti optimismia ja toivoa. Vain puoli vuotta myöhemmin Kreikan kriisi on ajanut EU:n dramaattiseen tilanteeseen. Tämä kuulostaa lattealta, mutta lisääntyvistä hätäviesteistä huolimatta kaikki vain odottavat, että kansallinen protektionismi saa yliotteen, millä voi olla katastrofaalisia seurauksia. Olen vakuuttunut siitä, etteivät vaikeassa tilanteessa olevat jäsenvaltiot tarvitse kyynisiä neuvoja. Kreikan tilanne ei ole poikkeus. EU joutuu vielä kohtaamaan muita samanlaisia sokkivaikutuksia. Tilanne voidaan ratkaista lisäämällä EU:n yhteisvastuuta, tehostamalla koordinointia ja vahvistamalla taloushallintoa. Euroopan kansanpuolueen ryhmän (kristillisdemokraattien) edustajana ja Romanian unkarilaisena poliitikkona, joka on saanut edustajan paikkansa ilmauksena poliittisesta solidaarisuudesta, olen sitä mieltä, että kriisistä selviäminen edellyttää solidaarisuutta pohjoisten, eteläisten, läntisten ja itäisten jäsenvaltioiden - eli meidän kaikkien - välillä. Artur Zasada Kreikan taloustilanne on epäilemättä herättänyt suuria tunteita. Sen katastrofaalinen tilanne johtuu sekä maailmanlaajuisesta kriisistä että Kreikan hallituksen välinpitämättömyydestä. Se johtuu asianmukaisten uudistusten puutteesta ja niin huolettomasta makrotaloutta koskevien tietojen tulkinnasta, että Kreikka on nyt ajautumassa vararikkoon. Talousromahduksen vaikutukset tuntuvat Kreikassa vielä monen vuoden ajan. Tarkastelin siksi erittäin kiinnostuneena ehdotettuja tukimuotoja, joita neuvosto aikoo tarjota Kreikalle. On ilahduttavaa, että Kreikka voi luottaa apuun, mutta sen edellytykseksi olisi asetettava välittömät ja perusteelliset julkisen talouden uudistukset. Kreikan kriisin yhteydessä toteuttamiemme toimien on oltava muille samanlaisten ongelmien kanssa kamppaileville jäsenvaltioille selkeä viesti siitä, että kriisistä selvitään vain toteuttamalla vankkoja sisäisiä uudistuksia. Zbigniew Ziobro Maaliskuun 25. ja 26. päivänä 2010 pidetyn Eurooppa-neuvoston kokouksen päätelmiin sisältyy päätös siitä, että jäsenvaltioiden talouspolitiikkojen koordinointia aiotaan vahvistaa hyödyntämällä paremmin Euroopan unionin toiminnasta tehdyn sopimuksen 121 artiklan mukaisia välineitä. Varsinkin talouskriisin alussa ilmeni lukuisia esimerkkejä protektionistisista käytännöistä, jotka varsin usein herättivät epäilyjä EU:n kilpailuperiaatteiden näkökulmasta. Onnistutaanko tällaiset käytännöt vastedes estämään tehostamalla jäsenvaltioiden talouspolitiikkojen koordinointia ja hyödyntämällä ehdotuksen mukaisesti paremmin Euroopan unionin toiminnasta tehdyn sopimuksen 121 artiklan mukaisia välineitä? Jos onnistutaan, niin miten?	{ "pile_set_name": "EuroParl" }
877 F.2d 846 1989 O.S.H.D. (CCH) P 28,572 Patsi AYALA, et al, and Myra Lynn Guthrie, et al,Plaintiffs-Appellants,v.JOY MANUFACTURING COMPANY, et al, Defendants,United States of America, Department of Labor, Mine Safetyand Health Administration, Defendant-Appellee. No. 86-1619. United States Court of Appeals,Tenth Circuit. June 16, 1989. David W. Griffith of Williams, Trine, Greenstein & Griffith, P.C., Boulder, Colo., for plaintiffs-appellants. Brenda Moss Green, Trial Atty., Torts Branch, Civ. Div., U.S. Dept. of Justice (Richard K. Willard, Asst. Atty. Gen., and Phyllis Jackson Pyles, Sr. Trial Atty., U.S. Dept. of Justice, with her on the brief), Washington, D.C., for defendant-appellee. Before McKAY, TACHA, and BRORBY, Circuit Judges. McKAY, Circuit Judge. 1 On April 15, 1981, fifteen miners were killed in a methane and coal dust explosion in a Colorado coal mine. The plaintiffs alleged that the explosion was caused by the improperly wired lighting system on a continuous mining machine. They further alleged that the Mine Safety Health Administration (MSHA) inspector negligently provided technical assistance on specific wiring connections and that he inspected and failed to detect that the lighting system was improperly and dangerously installed in violation of mandatory federal safety standards, see 30 C.F.R. Sec. 75.313 (1988), and basic, readily ascertainable engineering principles. Plaintiffs sued the United States and the machine manufacturer under the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), 28 U.S.C. Secs. 1346(b) and 2671 (1982). The trial court dismissed the complaint against the United States for failure to state a claim under Fed.R.Civ.P. 12(b)(6) on the ground that MSHA's negligent inspection was within the discretionary function exception to the Federal Tort Claims Act. See 28 U.S.C. 2680(a) (1982).1 Plaintiffs appeal the district court's order granting the United States' motion to dismiss. 610 F.Supp. 86. 2 "[T]he sufficiency of a complaint is a question of law which we review de novo. Accordingly, we apply the same scrutiny to the complaint as did the trial court." Morgan v. City of Rawlins, 792 F.2d 975, 978 (10th Cir.1986) (citations omitted). We noted in Morgan that: 3 Dismissal of a case pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 12(b)(6) requires the legal determination that the plaintiff can prove no set of facts in support of his claim to entitle him to relief. To reach this conclusion, we clothe plaintiff's claim in such fashion to presume all allegations true. "The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure erect a powerful presumption against rejecting pleadings for failure to state a claim." 4 Id. (citations omitted). 5 The district court in granting defendant's 12(b)(6) motion relied on United States v. S. A. Empresa de Viacao Aerea Rio Grandense (Varig Airlines), 467 U.S. 797, 813-14, 104 S.Ct. 2755, 2764, 81 L.Ed.2d 660 (1984),2 which held that "whatever else the discretionary function exception may include it plainly was intended to encompass the discretionary acts of Government acting in its role as a regulator of the conduct of private individuals." Since Varig Airlines, however, the Supreme Court has given further guidance on the scope of the discretionary function exception to FTCA liability. In light of Berkovitz v. United States, 486 U.S. 531, 108 S.Ct. 1954, 100 L.Ed.2d 531 (1988), we reverse the district court's grant of defendant's 12(b)(6) motion. 6 The plaintiffs in Berkovitz sued the National Institutes of Health's Division of Biologic Standards (DBS), which licensed Lederle Laboratories to produce Orimune, an oral polio vaccine. After plaintiff ingested a dose of Orimune, he contracted a severe case of polio. In Berkovitz, a unanimous Court noted: "In restating and clarifying the scope of the discretionary function exception, we intend specifically to reject the Government's argument ... that the exception precludes liability for any and all acts arising out of the regulatory programs of federal agencies." Id. 108 S.Ct. at 1959-60. The Court held that "if the [government's] policy leaves no room for an official to exercise policy judgment in performing a given act, or if the act simply does not involve the exercise of such judgment, the discretionary function exception does not bar a claim that the act was negligent or wrongful." Id. 108 S.Ct. at 1964.3 7 In this case, the government denies that its inspector violated a mandatory safety standard which allegedly caused the mine disaster. However, it argues that even if the standard were violated, the inspector was acting in his regulatory capacity and his acts were well within the broad discretion given to MSHA inspectors in the performance of their regulatory and enforcement duties. Plaintiffs reply that the initial "broad discretion" given the MSHA inspectors to regulate mines is not being challenged here. Rather, the specific technical assistance (i.e. to connect the wires to the wrong terminal in violation of mandatory federal safety standards) is what is at issue. This is similar to the situation in McMichael where the Eighth Circuit stated: "In the case before us, as in Berkovitz, the initial discretion granted by the regulations to the Defense Department was broad; the inspectors, however, violated the Department's own policy directives by failing to comply with specific procedures mandated by the Defense Department." McMichael, 856 F.2d at 1033. 8 The plaintiffs assert that the "technical assistance" provided by the MSHA inspector did not involve the balancing of policy interests or the regulation of the conduct of others. The MSHA inspector directed a mine operator to connect the power supply to the continuous mining machine. Those directions ultimately resulted in a written wiring diagram given to mine electricians which plaintiffs allege caused the lights to be connected incorrectly, in an unsafe and hazardous way and in violation of mandatory federal safety regulations. The plaintiffs contend that the MSHA inspector directed the specific terminals to which the wires should be connected, and that such activity did not involve the exercise of discretion, but rather, simply involved engineering and safety considerations. 9 Because the conduct of the MSHA inspector involved no discretion or policymaking choices, plaintiffs assert that the court erred in granting defendant's 12(b)(6) motion to dismiss on the basis of the discretionary function exception. "Because petitioners may yet show ... that the conduct challenged here did not involve the permissible exercise of policy discretion, the invocation of the discretionary function exception to dismiss petitioners' ... claim was improper." Berkovitz, 108 S.Ct. at 1964. We conclude that plaintiffs have pled sufficient facts to withstand a motion to dismiss in light of Berkovitz. We therefore reverse the district court's grant of defendant's motion to dismiss and remand for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. 10 REVERSED and REMANDED. 1 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2680(a) states: The provisions of this chapter and section 1346(b) of this title shall not apply to-- (a) Any claim based upon an act or omission of an employee of the Government, exercising due care, in the execution of a statute or regulation, whether or not such statute or regulation be valid, or based upon the exercise or performance or the failure to exercise or perform a discretionary function or duty on the part of a federal agency or an employee of the Government, whether or not the discretion involved be abused. 2 In Varig 124 passengers were killed as a result of a fire on a Boeing 707. The Civil Aeronautics Agency, a predecessor of the FAA, certified that the jet's designs, plans, specifications, and performance data had been shown to be in conformance with minimum safety standards. Varig Airlines sued the government under the FTCA seeking damages for the destroyed aircraft 3 Two circuits have made similar decisions citing Berkovitz. See McMichael v. United States, 856 F.2d 1026 (8th Cir.1988) (In consolidated actions filed against the United States under the FTCA, plaintiffs sought damages for injuries and death resulting from a munitions plant explosion. In a prior appeal the Eighth Circuit had affirmed the district court's ruling that the discretionary function exception did not bar the plaintiff's claim against the United States. On this appeal, the court again affirmed its conclusion, relying on Berkovitz.); Patterson v. United States, 856 F.2d 670 (4th Cir.1988), reh'g granted, 866 F.2d 1538 (1989) (Injured resident and estate of deceased resident sued the United States under the FTCA, challenging the Office of Surface Mining's inspection of a fire at a coal refuse pile. The Fourth Circuit reversed the district court's dismissal and held that the allegedly negligent inspection of fire site was not within discretionary function exception, citing Berkovitz.)	{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }
Octave Lignier Élie Antoine Octave Lignier (25 February 1855, in Pougy – 19 March 1916, in Caen) was a French botanist, known for his work in the field of paleobotany. From 1880 to 1887 he worked as assistant to Charles Eugène Bertrand at the University of Lille. He obtained his doctorate in sciences at Paris, and from 1887 gave lectures in botany at the University of Caen. In 1889 he received the title of professor, and from 1896 served as director of the botanical garden at Caen. He is known for his pioneer research of what would become known as the "telome theory", a concept involving the evolutionary history of land plants. The genera Ligniera (Maire & A.Tison, 1911; family Plasmodiophoraceae) and Lignieria (A.Chev.; family Melastomataceae) commemorate his name. Selected works La Graine et le fruit des Calycanthées, 1891 – The seed and the fruit of Calycanthaceae. Végétaux fossiles de Normandie (7 parts 1894–1913) – Fossil plants of Normandy. Essai sur l'évolution morphologique du Règne végétal, 1909 – Essay on the morphological evolution of the plant kingdom. References Category:1855 births Category:1916 deaths Category:People from Aube Category:University of Caen faculty Category:Paleobotanists Category:French botanists	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Blizzplanet Review – StarCraft II: Flashpoint During my visit to the New York Comic Con 2012, Simon & Schuster representatives hooked me up with a copy of StarCraft II: Flashpoint by New York Times Best Selling author Christie Golden. I finished reading the book, and it’s very hard to contain myself, and not spoil things. I’ll do my best not to reveal the entirety of the plot, but at least enlighten you with an attempt to spark in you the interest to read this book. StarCraft II: Flashpoint literally bridges the gap between StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty and StarCraft II: Heart of the Swarm. I’m almost convinced the expansion will start off with Sarah Kerrigan leaving the Umojan Protectorate to start her search for the Zerg. The Umojan Protectorate is a non-Terran Dominion territory that many fans have probably wanted Blizzard to put into the spotlight in-game as it has in the Tokyopop StarCraft: Frontline manga. One can only hope. Chapter One The first chapter introduces readers quickly into the exact moment two seconds after Jim Raynor shot his handgun at Tychus Findlay. The novel gets to portray what the game nor the StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty final cinematic could. What was going on through Jim Raynor’s thoughts right after shooting his best friend. His reaction to seeing Sarah’s face as he carried her body outside the cave, as he looked into the horizon of Char’s surface. Chapter Two Valerian Mengsk meditates aboard the Bucephalus battlecruiser, orbiting planet Char. Ignorant of what’s happening down there. Whether Jim survived, whether the Xel’Naga artifact worked, or if Sarah had been reverted into human form or not, or if she survived the transformation. I was glad to read Valerian remembering R.M Dahl and Professor Jacob Jefferson Ramsey (main characters of StarCraft: The Dark Templar trilogy ). I was surprised to read the idea the Xel’Naga artifact could change the Queen of Blades back to human form was actually an idea proposed behind-the-scenes by Jacob Ramsey. This piece of information was never mentioned in-game in Wings of Liberty. However, it makes sense. Single-player lore fans no doubt wondered at some point how Valerian knew so much about the Xel’Naga artifact and what it could do to Kerrigan. This is the perfect reasoning. Jacob Ramsey is not only the best archeologist in terms of ancient Protoss and Xel’Naga ruins and objects, but as read in StarCraft: The Dark Templar trilogy, his brain hosted the mind of a Protoss Preserver named Zamara; and learned her knowledge and that of countless Protoss’ memories throughout history. Personally, I would have liked to see Jacob in-game in Wings of Liberty to provide the background and purpose of the Xel’Naga artifact. Nevertheless, StarCraft: Flashpoint does a great job filling readers in on what transpired behind-the-scenes in StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty’s plot. As Brian Kindreagan recently said: “We will always struggle with the fact that we get only a few lines of dialogue in this fast-paced, dynamic game to explain concepts that could fill 50 pages in a novel (such as the Overmind’s backstory, or the earlier discussion of free will). We’ll never be able to explain things in as much detail as I’d like, and will instead have to rely on the player to consider what we’ve shown and to interpret it. Narrative games are not films, and they are not novels.” Not all stories mesh well in-game as it can in a novel. The novels have more room to flesh out things. Nobody wants to sit tight listening or watching cutscenes for 5 minutes. Gameplay comes first and foremost. Chapter Three Raynor’s dropship lands within the Bucephalus battlecruiser, Valerian’s flagship, to offer medical treatment to Sarah Kerrigan. Things get a little jumpy as Raynor doesn’t trust Valerian, and Valerian very well knows what Raynor is capable of for her safety. However, what readers will find in chapter three is pure gold. You have never seen Prince Valerian Mengsk like this before. His true intentions throughout previous novels and throughout StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty is revealed. Is he as treacherous as his father? Or is he a different person? General Thoughts I was hoping to see a sliver of the Queen of Blades somewhere in Sarah, but the author is blunt and straight to the liver. This is no longer the Queen of Blades. We truly face Sarah Kerrigan’s humanity — mind and soul. I realize not everyone who plays StarCraft II, plays World of Warcraft or have read Christie Golden’s novels based on Warcraft. Many do. I have read all the Warcraft, StarCraft and Diablo novels. Call me a lore buff. I can tell you upfront. I love the twists, humor and the plot creativity of Christie Golden in StarCraft: Flashpoint. It feels much different than her work in the Warcraft universe, but she brings with her several years of experience writing Star Trek novels, and she got a deep and mature knowledge of the StarCraft universe, its characters, lingo and the locations throughout the Koprulu Sector. I really hate to read novels that look more like poetry in motion than a novel — you know, describing something simple in so many fancy and sweetened words that it takes three pages to say it. That style doesn’t mesh well with sci-fi. Christie is fluid, and constantly pumping action from page to page. The story moves forward at a good pace. Christie Golden added several continuity nods throughout StarCraft: Flashpoint. Some of these nods come in the shape of adult language or lingo often seen around Keith R.A. DeCandido stories such as StarCraft: Ghost–Nova, StarCraft: Ghost–Academy and StarCraft: Ghost–Spectres. There are several flashbacks in this novel from the point of view of Jim Raynor — visiting the memories of the moment Sarah requested an evac, but Mengsk belayed the order and abandoned her to the Zerg. Lots of these flashbacks are based on factual continuity as sort of behind-the-scene stories players never got to see in the original StarCraft single-player missions. Sarah at some point recalls when she first met Jim Raynor and Michael Liberty in Antiga Prime. The dialogue from the original StarCraft game is used word by word, which is a very nice touch. That scene where Jim and Sarah meet for the first time is very iconic when he realizes she is a telepath after she calls him a pig. There are other flashbacks to year 2500, where the reader gets really close to Jim Raynor’s mind and heart witnessing the little things that made him truly love this woman. I also liked to see some of the Hyperion characters found in-game make more than just cameos: Dr. Egon Stetmann and Chief Engineer Rory Swann. The in-game cutscene showing the Cantina fight between Jim and Tychus is referenced. Some in-game funny moments such as Matt Horner’s embarrassment with his Deadman’s Port wife — this is the pirate space junkyard planet players are acquainted with. The novel displays the accurate dialogues between Raynor and Valerian as seen in StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty through flashback. In another scene, Valerian is at the Hyperion cantina and he’s wondering about the jukebox wrapped above on the ceiling, and smirks at listening to the song “Suspicious Minds”. I really love to read consistency, continuity, and nods to previous games and StarCraft novels. Christie Golden doesn’t ignore those small details. That’s something fans of the game will truly appreciate. We even get to have a name for the engineering assistant folks standing around at the Cantina in-game including Bartender Cooper. The bartender’s name is mentioned in-game by one of the guys sitting by the tables in the Cantina when players click on him several times: “Man, old Cooper sure makes a mean Mai Tai.” StarCraft: Flashpoint also reveals the first time Raynor met Matt Horner before Mengsk’s betrayal on Sarah. There is also a nod to Chris Metzen’s story (Homecoming) in StarCraft: Frontline. Jim Raynor’s son and former wife are mentioned a few times. There is one Raynor’s Raiders traitor who might not return as part of the Hyperion’s crew in StarCraft II: Heart of the Swarm, but I got a feeling we might see him at some point. Christie Golden’s writing is non-stop action, with spiraling emotions, plenty of humor, and readers will find the many unpredictable turns very exquisite and satisfying. Cherry on top — we learn more about Narud and the Moebius Foundation. Get your hands on StarCraft II: Flashpoint to find out. It’s worthwhile. I recommend reading it on a Saturday morning. Once you start reading, you will hardly have a chance to play or do domestic chores. You won’t be able to stop reading till the end with all the action and suspense. I can hardly wait to play through the StarCraft II: Heart of the Swarm single-player. StarCraft II: Flashpoint goes on sale on Tuesday, November 6th, 2012. If you haven’t yet, pre-order StarCraft II: Heart of the Swarm. However, make sure to order it separately so both items ship individually. Characters Jim Raynor Sarah Kerrigan Tychus Findlay Cam Fraser – Raynor’s Raiders marine Matt Horner – captain of the Hyperion battlecruiser Lisle – stayed behind to protect the Xel’Naga artifact. Haynes – stayed behind to protect the Xel’Naga artifact. Lily Preston – medic Pilot Wil Merrick – Dropship Fanfare pilot Rolfsen Prince Valerian Mengsk Everett Vaughn – captain of the Bucephalus battlecruiser Emil Narud – scientist / leader of the Moebius Foundation Emperor Arcturus Mengsk Marcus Cade – Hyperion navigator Dr. Frederick – Bucephalus doctor Egon Stetmann – Hyperion lab scientist Rory Swann – Hyperion Chief Engineer Annabelle Thatcher – Hyperion engineering assistant Earl – Hyperion engineering assistant Milo Kachinsky Bartender Cooper – Hyperion Cantina Mira Han – Matt Horner’s wife at Deadman’s Port Captain Roger Merriman – Herakles battleship Scutter O’Banon – former leader of Deadman’ Rock Ethan Stewart (mentioned) – former leader of Deadman’s Port, later Kerrigan’s zerg-infested consort in StarCraft: The Dark Templar trilogy Phillip Randall (mentioned) – Scutter O’Bannon’s butler and assassin Lieutenant Travis Rawlins – Bucephalus battlecruiser’s navigator Scarlip – Deadman’s port thug Yeats – Deadman’s Port doctor Becker – Deadman’s Port doctor Captain Sharyn Moore (flashback) – Captain of the Cormorant (old merchantman vessel) that transported Jim and Sarah to Orna III. Matt Horner’s former captain and ship. Boots (mentioned) – Sarah’s pet for three weeks. Dr. Orville Harris – chief scientist at the science facility of Orna III Gary Crane – one of Mira Han subordinates at Deadman’s Port. Liddy (flashback) – Jim Raynor’s former wife. Died of cancer. (StarCraft: Frontline Vol. 4 — Homecoming by Chris Metzen). Dr. Phan – Ornan III Dr. Elizabeth Martin – Ornan III Dr. Chantal de Vries – one of the many doctors in the Space Station Prometheus who toured Dr. Stetmann. Nancy Wyndham – doctor at the Space Station Prometheus Joseph Reynolds – doctor at the Space Station Prometheus Adrian Scott – doctor at the Space Station Prometheus Elias Thompson – chief engineer of the Bucephalus. Vrain, Osgood, Warren, Tseng and Mitchell – Narud security guards at Space Station Prometheus Varley – White Star navigator Maddie Wilson Locations Planet Char Hyperion battlecruiser Fanfare dropship Bucephalus gorgon-class battlecruiser Moebius Foundation White Star – Emperor Arcturus Mengsk’s flagship battlecruiser Deadman’s Port G-2275 (mentioned) – gas giant, technological hub of the Confederacy. Raynor and Sarah were at its moon after the victory at Antiga Prime. They retrieved the plans to create upgraded Goliaths. Orna III – science facility doing covert experiments on their citizens such as gene-splicing, brain modification, telepathic experimentation, disease testing. Paradise – Deadman’s Rock town Shilo (mentioned) – Jim Raynor’s homeworld Kirkegaard Belt (known as Kick-You-Good Belt) Space Station Prometheus – Moebius Foundation secret lab located within the Kirkegaard Belt Umojan Protectorate Valerian brought 25 battlecruisers to planet Char. Only fourteen survived the Zerg. Some of the battlecruiser names: Aenas, Amphitrite, Metis, Eos, Patroclus, and Meleager, Antigone, and Herakles. Battlecruiser type mentioned: Minotaur-class and Behemoth-class. References	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
// Copyright David Abrahams 2002. // Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See // accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at // http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) // See http://www.boost.org/libs/python for documentation. #ifndef PYTHON_DWA2002810_HPP # define PYTHON_DWA2002810_HPP # include <boost/python/args.hpp> # include <boost/python/args_fwd.hpp> # include <boost/python/back_reference.hpp> # include <boost/python/bases.hpp> # include <boost/python/borrowed.hpp> # include <boost/python/call.hpp> # include <boost/python/call_method.hpp> # include <boost/python/class.hpp> # include <boost/python/copy_const_reference.hpp> # include <boost/python/copy_non_const_reference.hpp> # include <boost/python/data_members.hpp> # include <boost/python/def.hpp> # include <boost/python/default_call_policies.hpp> # include <boost/python/dict.hpp> # include <boost/python/docstring_options.hpp> # include <boost/python/enum.hpp> # include <boost/python/errors.hpp> # include <boost/python/exception_translator.hpp> # include <boost/python/exec.hpp> # include <boost/python/extract.hpp> # include <boost/python/handle.hpp> # include <boost/python/has_back_reference.hpp> # include <boost/python/implicit.hpp> # include <boost/python/init.hpp> # include <boost/python/import.hpp> # include <boost/python/instance_holder.hpp> # include <boost/python/iterator.hpp> # include <boost/python/list.hpp> # include <boost/python/long.hpp> # include <boost/python/lvalue_from_pytype.hpp> # include <boost/python/make_constructor.hpp> # include <boost/python/make_function.hpp> # include <boost/python/manage_new_object.hpp> # include <boost/python/module.hpp> # include <boost/python/numeric.hpp> # include <boost/python/object.hpp> # include <boost/python/object_protocol.hpp> # include <boost/python/object_protocol_core.hpp> # include <boost/python/opaque_pointer_converter.hpp> # include <boost/python/operators.hpp> # include <boost/python/other.hpp> # include <boost/python/overloads.hpp> # include <boost/python/pointee.hpp> # include <boost/python/pure_virtual.hpp> # include <boost/python/ptr.hpp> # include <boost/python/raw_function.hpp> # include <boost/python/reference_existing_object.hpp> # include <boost/python/register_ptr_to_python.hpp> # include <boost/python/return_arg.hpp> # include <boost/python/return_internal_reference.hpp> # include <boost/python/return_opaque_pointer.hpp> # include <boost/python/return_value_policy.hpp> # include <boost/python/scope.hpp> # include <boost/python/self.hpp> # include <boost/python/slice.hpp> # include <boost/python/slice_nil.hpp> # include <boost/python/stl_iterator.hpp> # include <boost/python/str.hpp> # include <boost/python/to_python_converter.hpp> # include <boost/python/to_python_indirect.hpp> # include <boost/python/to_python_value.hpp> # include <boost/python/tuple.hpp> # include <boost/python/type_id.hpp> # include <boost/python/with_custodian_and_ward.hpp> #endif // PYTHON_DWA2002810_HPP	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
Q: Java program with 2D array Am writing a program that decides if a number X is in the matrix of input n x n matrix of number that is already stored in memory in 2D array and each individual rows are increasing from left to right; column top to bottom. I enter the size of the matrix n, the content, and the number X to search; I also display the result of my search in the screen. While testing my program my the input is sorted in 2D array. Here is my code, and its showing the below compiling error import java.util.*; public class matrix { public static void main (String[] args){ int search(int mat[4][4]; int n; int x) { int i = 0, j = n-1; //set indexes for top right element while ( i < n && j >= 0 ) { if ( mat[i][j] == x ) { printf("\n Found at %d, %d", i, j); return 1; } if ( mat[i][j] > x ) j--; else // if mat[i][j] < x i++; } printf("\n Element not found"); return 0; // if ( i==n \|\| j== -1 ) } // driver program to test above function int main() { int mat[4][4] = { {10, 20, 30, 40}, {15, 25, 35, 45}, {27, 29, 37, 48}, {32, 33, 39, 50}, }; search(mat, 4, 29); return 0; } } } Stack trace: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.Error: Unresolved compilation problems: Syntax error on token "(", ; expected Syntax error on token "4", delete this token Syntax error on token "4", delete this token Syntax error on token ")", ; expected The method printf(String, int, int) is undefined for the type matrix Void methods cannot return a value The method printf(String) is undefined for the type matrix Void methods cannot return a value Syntax error on token "int", new expected main cannot be resolved to a type Syntax error, insert ";" to complete FieldDeclaration Syntax error, insert "}" to complete ClassBody Syntax error on token "}", delete this token at matrix.main(matrix.java:8) A: You have the search method inside the main(), it should be outside. Also, you are declaring another main inside the main() method. Remember that the main method is an entry point for the program, and there should only exist just one: public static void main(String[] args) { ... } In Java, you are not supposed to declare the length of the arrays in the parameters declaration. Also, use commas to separate the parameters: public static int search(int[][] mat, int n, int x) You should use System.out.printf() instead of just printf(). Finally, an array can be declared/initialized in multiple ways: int mat[][] = {{1,2}, {3,4}}; int mat[][] = new int[3][3]; int mat[][] = new int[3][]; The final code should look like: public static int search(int[][] mat, int n, int x) { int i = 0, j = n - 1; //set indexes for top right element while (i < n && j >= 0) { if (mat[i][j] == x) { System.out.printf("\n Found at %d, %d", i, j); return 1; } if (mat[i][j] > x) { j--; } else { i++; } } System.out.printf("\n Element not found"); return 0; // if ( i==n \|\| j== -1 ) } public static void main(String[] args) { int mat[][] = { { 10, 20, 30, 40 }, { 15, 25, 35, 45 }, { 27, 29, 37, 48 }, { 32, 33, 39, 50 }, }; search(mat, 4, 29); }	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }
Brain activation during sight gags and language-dependent humor. Humor is a hallmark of human discourse. People use it to relieve stress and to facilitate social bonding, as well as for pure enjoyment in the absence of any apparent adaptive value. Although recent studies have revealed that humor acts as an intrinsic reward, which explains why people actively seek to experience and create humor, few have addressed the cognitive aspects of humor. We used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to differentiate brain activity induced by the hedonic similarities and cognitive differences inherent in 2 kinds of humor: visual humor (sight gags) and language-based humor. Our findings indicate that the brain networks recruited during a humorous experience differ according to the type of humor being processed, with high-level visual areas activated during visual humor and classic language areas activated during language-dependent humor. Our results additionally highlight a common network activated by both types of humor that includes the amygdalar and midbrain regions, which presumably reflect the euphoric component of humor. Furthermore, we found that humor activates anterior cingulate cortex and frontoinsular cortex, 2 regions in the brain that are known to have phylogenetically recent neuronal circuitry. These results suggest that humor may have coevolved with another cognitive specialization of the great apes and humans: the ability to navigate through a shifting and complex social space.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Honey bees are quickly disappearing from the US – a phenomenon that has left scientists baffled. But new research shows that bees exposed to common agricultural chemicals while pollinating US crops are less likely to resist a parasitic infection. As a result of chemical exposure, honey bees are more likely to succumb to the lethal Nosema ceranae parasite and die from the resulting complications. Scientists from the University of Maryland and the US Department of Agriculture on Wednesday published a study that linked chemicals, including fungicides, to the mass die-offs. Scientists have long struggled to find the cause behind the Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), in which an estimated 10 million beehives at an average value of $200 each have been lost since 2006. Last winter, the honey bee population declined by 31.1 percent, with some beekeepers reporting losses of 90 to 100 percent of their bee populations. Scientists are concerned that “Beemageddon” could cause the collapse of the $200 billion agriculture industry, since more than 100 US crops rely on honey bees to pollinate them. The new findings are key in determining one of the causes of the CCD, but they fail to explain why entire beehives sometimes die at once. Insecticides — both those sprayed in the fields to control insects (those we call pests) and the insecticides used to manage the health of bee-hives against the varroa mite and fungus that spread faster than ever before — plus loss of habitat, that is to say loss of meadows where plants are varied and accessible to bees, not large fields of monocultures (bees usually operate within 150 metres from their hives though they can travel vast distances), plus changes in climatic conditions (UK experienced wettest winter on record in 2014 still with one week of wet weather to go to the end of winter — while California experienced its driest winter on record) — Plus varroa mites, fungus and other diseases that never affected bees before in such manner — ALL FACTORS THAT STRESS BEE POPULATIONS AT THE SAME TIME, reducing the ability of the bees to recover from this several-prongs "attack"... One stress factor may not destroy the bees, but several stress factors combined can have a deadly effect. Many urban myths and half-truths roam our human consciousness. One oft-repeated fairytale runs that according to the laws of science, the bumblebee shouldn't be able to fly at all — indeed, not even be able to get off the ground. The reality is, as you probably guessed, that insects can fly — some as high as Mount Everest. According to John McMasters, who back in the 'good old days' was principal engineer on the aerodynamics staff at Boeing Commercial Aeroplanes, it seems the aerodynamicist of the myth was probably an unnamed Swiss professor famous in the 1930s and 1940s for his work in supersonic gas dynamics. The aerodynamicist was having dinner with a biologist. In the idle chit-chat, the biologist noted that bees and wasps had very flimsy wings — but heavy bodies. So how could they possibly fly? With absolutely no hard data, but a willingness to help that overcame good dinner party etiquette, the aerodynamicist made two assumptions in his back-of-envelope calculations. The first assumption was that the bees' wings were flat plates that were mostly smooth (like aeroplane wings). The second assumption was that as air flows over an insect's wings, it would separate easily from the wing. Both of these assumptions turned out to be totally incorrect — and the origin of our myth. The aerodynamicist's initial rough calculations 'proved' that insects could not fly. But that was not the end of the story. Of course, being a good scientist, his sense of curiosity got him interested in this problem. Clearly, insects can fly. He then examined insect wings under a microscope and found that they had a ragged and rough surface. In other words, one of his assumptions was way off. But by then, overzealous journalists had spread the myth he had inadvertently created. The story had flown free, even though the bumblebee supposedly couldn't. In fact, once our scientists began to look closely at how insects fly, they discovered astonishing details. For example, the aerodynamics used by flies gives them the amazing ability to do a right-angled turn in less than 50 milliseconds. This problem of how insects fly was so hard to solve, that the mystery was solved only in the last 20 years.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Association of A-20C polymorphism in the angiotensinogen gene with essential hypertension: a meta-analysis. The A-20C polymorphism in the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene has been associated with increased risk of essential hypertension in several studies; however, these studies gave inconsistent results. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the association between AGT A-20C polymorphism and essential hypertension. Published literature was retrieved from PubMed. Pooled odd's ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using fixed- or random-effect models. A total of 10 case-control studies containing 3653 cases and 3457 controls were enrolled to this meta-analysis. In a combined analysis, the results showed a significant association between the AGT A-20C polymorphism and risk of essential hypertension (AA vs CC: OR = 0.62, 95%CI = 0.46-0.84; recessive model: OR = 0.66, 95%CI = 0.49-0.88). In the subgroup analysis stratified by race, significant associations were found between the AGT A-20C polymorphism and essential hypertension risk in Asians (AA vs CC: OR = 0.59, 95%CI = 0.43-0.80; recessive model: OR = 0.63, 95%CI = 0.46-0.85). In conclusion, the results of this meta-analysis suggested that the AGT A-20C polymorphism was associated with risk of essential hypertension in Asians.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
'use strict'; angular.module("ngLocale", [], ["$provide", function($provide) { var PLURAL_CATEGORY = {ZERO: "zero", ONE: "one", TWO: "two", FEW: "few", MANY: "many", OTHER: "other"}; $provide.value("$locale", { "DATETIME_FORMATS": { "AMPMS": [ "\u0635", "\u0645" ], "DAY": [ "\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f", "\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646", "\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0621", "\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0621", "\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633", "\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629", "\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a" ], "MONTH": [ "\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631", "\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631", "\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633", "\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644", "\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648", "\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648", "\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648", "\u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633", "\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631", "\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631", "\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631", "\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631" ], "SHORTDAY": [ "\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f", "\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646", "\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0621", "\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0621", "\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633", "\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629", "\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a" ], "SHORTMONTH": [ "\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631", "\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631", "\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633", "\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644", "\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648", "\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648", "\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648", "\u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633", "\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631", "\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631", "\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631", "\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631" ], "fullDate": "EEEE\u060c d MMMM\u060c y", "longDate": "d MMMM\u060c y", "medium": "dd\u200f/MM\u200f/y h:mm:ss a", "mediumDate": "dd\u200f/MM\u200f/y", "mediumTime": "h:mm:ss a", "short": "d\u200f/M\u200f/y h:mm a", "shortDate": "d\u200f/M\u200f/y", "shortTime": "h:mm a" }, "NUMBER_FORMATS": { "CURRENCY_SYM": "Rial", "DECIMAL_SEP": "\u066b", "GROUP_SEP": "\u066c", "PATTERNS": [ { "gSize": 3, "lgSize": 3, "maxFrac": 3, "minFrac": 0, "minInt": 1, "negPre": "-", "negSuf": "", "posPre": "", "posSuf": "" }, { "gSize": 0, "lgSize": 0, "maxFrac": 2, "minFrac": 2, "minInt": 1, "negPre": "\u00a4-", "negSuf": "", "posPre": "\u00a4", "posSuf": "" } ] }, "id": "ar-sa", "pluralCat": function (n, opt_precision) { if (n == 0) { return PLURAL_CATEGORY.ZERO; } if (n == 1) { return PLURAL_CATEGORY.ONE; } if (n == 2) { return PLURAL_CATEGORY.TWO; } if (n % 100 >= 3 && n % 100 <= 10) { return PLURAL_CATEGORY.FEW; } if (n % 100 >= 11 && n % 100 <= 99) { return PLURAL_CATEGORY.MANY; } return PLURAL_CATEGORY.OTHER;} }); }]);	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
Best Value Motorcycle of 2013 Honda CB500F What to say about Honda’s new standard that hasn’t already been spelled out? Low MSRP? Check. Solid package? Check. Great mileage? Check. The CB500F is, quite simply, a spectacular value. The CB500 platform contains the most affordable bike released in 2013 from a major manufacturer, the CB500F. The F’s classic aesthetics and a more neutral riding position should appeal to a wider audience than its brethren (the athletic R and the tough X), and its simple and tasteful style isn’t as polarizing. Factor in all the amenities and modern technology a commuting rider could want – ABS is only a $500 mark-up – and you’ve got yourself a bargain bike with room to move. The CB’s closest rival is likely Suzuki’s SFV650 – a bike with a base MSRP of $7999. Surely, Kawasaki’s Ninja 300 is a great little sportbike that expands the 250 class, but even it starts at $4799, just $500 less than the CB500F. For anyone who’s ever tried to get a buddy, sibling or spouse into motorcycling, the CBs are diminutive but powerful enough for a newbie of any size to handle, and large enough to grow with them as they gain experience and confidence. Now that’s real value. You won’t get more for your money at any showroom in 2014. Best value doesn’t necessarily mean the lowest price, but rather what you get for your dollar. In the case of the Aprilia RSV4 R APRC, for $13,999 you can own an exotic European literbike for less than the cost of a Kawasaki ZX-10R ($14,299) or YamahaYZF-R1 ($14,290). The Aprilia RSV4 is one of our favorite sportbikes because of its razor-sharp handling. Its V-Four powerplant, while not the heaviest hitter in the class, still pumps out an impressive 160 horses to the wheel while emitting one of the sweetest exhaust notes ever to be pumped out of an engine. Couple that with the APRC package which includes traction, wheelie and launch control, plus one of the best quick-shifters in the business, and the RSV4 R is competitive even with bikes twice its price. Best of 2013 Suggested Readings I dunno. I like the thinking behind the new Honda 500s, but I find them a bit too… bland. https://www.youtube.com/bench175 Joseph The “‘Aprilia RSV4 R APRC” link in the article actually goes to the Ninja 300 page. Alex Tsinos I’m shopping for a new bike and like what the CB500F has to offer. In Canada, the msrp is $6299 inc. ABS. However, I came across the three following models listed at $5,995: 2013 Suzuki SVF 650, the 2013 Suzuki GSX 650 F and the 2013 Kawasaki Er-6n. Both Suzuki’s include ABS but this option is not available on the Kawa. I suspect that Suzuki and Kawasaki are slashing prices to prevent Honda from gaining too much small-mid-displacement entry-level market-share. Using the msrp, I’d have to agree with you that the Honda is the best value of the bunch but using current street prices, which would you recommend as the best value bike between the models listed? Kevin Duke If you’ve been riding for awhile and consider performance an important asset, any of the three 650s you mention will be a better value than the CB500s.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Headlines Report: Hasek injured; Olympics in doubt "With this injury, my chance to participate in the 2010 Olympics is quite low."--Dominik Hasek Dominik Hasek has all but ruled himself out of the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, according to reports. Hasek, 44, suffered a thigh injury during weekend play in the Czech league and will be out for at least the next three weeks. In a worst-case scenario, Hasek could miss six weeks. "With this injury, my chance to participate in the 2010 Olympics is quite low," Hasek was quoted as saying in the report on CTVOlympics.ca. Hasek led the Czech Republic to the gold medal in 1998 in Nagano, Japan in the first Olympic tournament featuring NHL players. Hasek, who played to a 2.20 goals-against average and a .920 save percentage in 735 NHL games, also won a Stanley Cup with the Detroit Red Wings in 2008. He retired after winning that Cup, but returned to action a year later, signing with his hometown team, HC Pardubice, in hopes of re-honing his game to be part of the Olympic picture. In 15 games this season, he had posted a 2.54 goals against average and a .918 save percentage. Earlier this year, the Czech Republic Ice Hockey Federation submitted a list of 60 players being considered for the Olympics. That list featured eight goalies, including Florida's Tomas Vokoun.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Coronary artery disease may produce coronary lesions in the blood vessels providing blood to the heart, such as a stenosis (abnormal narrowing of a blood vessel). As a result, blood flow to the heart may be restricted. A patient suffering from coronary artery disease may experience chest pain, referred to as chronic stable angina during physical exertion or unstable angina when the patient is at rest. A more severe manifestation of disease may lead to myocardial infarction, or heart attack. Patients suffering from chest pain and/or exhibiting symptoms of coronary artery disease may be subjected to one or more tests that may provide some indirect evidence relating to coronary lesions. For example, noninvasive tests may include electrocardiograms, biomarker evaluation from blood tests, treadmill tests, echocardiography, single positron emission computed tomography (SPECT), and positron emission tomography (PET). Anatomic data may be obtained noninvasively using coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA). CCTA may be used for imaging of patients with chest pain and involves using computed tomography (CT) technology to image the heart and the coronary arteries following an intravenous infusion of a contrast agent. Meanwhile, vulnerable plaque features, such as adverse plaque characteristics (APCs)), have been actively investigated for prognosis of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) using both invasive and noninvasive techniques, such as intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and coronary computed tomography data (CCTA). However, a need exists for systems and methods for predicting coronary plaque vulnerability from patient-specific anatomic image data.	{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }
Long-term efficacy and safety of topical tacrolimus in the management of ulcerative/erosive oral lichen planus. The long-term safety and clinical benefit of topical tacrolimus for the management of erosive or ulcerative oral lichen planus has not been evaluated. 50 adults (39 female 11 male; group median age 59, range 29-88 years) with symptomatic, erosive or ulcerative lichen planus recalcitrant to topical corticosteroids applied 0.1% topical tacrolimus ointment twice daily to symptomatic mucosal lesions. Topical tacrolimus was applied for a median time of 19.8 months (range 2-39 months) in this patient group. Fourteen percent of the patients had complete resolution of ulcers or erosions, 80% partial resolution and 6% reported no clinical benefit. The most common adverse effects were a burning sensation (16%) at the site of application and transient taste disturbance (8%). No significant, long-standing changes in hepatic or renal biochemistry were observed. The mean tacrolimus level decreased with duration of therapy from 2.7 microg/l (week 1) to 0.5 microg/l (week 32). 0.1% topical tacrolimus is an effective means of controlling the symptoms and signs of erosive or ulcerative oral lichen planus and has no notable adverse effects over a mean duration of application of 19.8 months.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Prior antiplatelet therapy is not associated with larger hematoma volume or hematoma growth in intracerebral hemorrhage. Hematoma volume (HV) and hematoma growth (HG) predict mortality and poor outcome in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). While the influence of oral anticoagulation on HV, HG and outcome is well established, the effect of prior antiplatelet therapy (APT) remains uncertain. We retrospectively examined data from all patients with acute, primary ICH, and baseline head CT admitted to our department between January 2005 and February 2014. HV were calculated by ABC/2 method. HG was defined as present if HV increased between baseline and follow-up CT ≥ 30% or ≥ 6 mL. We analyzed the influence of APT on HV, HG, and in-hospital mortality using univariate and multivariate analyses. In addition, we used propensity score matching to assess differences in in-hospital mortality rates. From 668 screened patients, 343 had primary ICH and fulfilled all inclusion criteria. APT was present in 99 patients (29%). Baseline median HV was 16 mL (IQR 6-46). HG occurred in 44 of 160 patients with follow-up CT (28%). In-hospital mortality was 10% (n = 36). APT was associated with older age, a mRS score before admission (pre-mRS) of > 2, and presence of cardiovascular comorbidities. We did not find an association between APT and larger baseline HV (p = 0.32), or HG (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.4-1.9). After propensity score matching for age, pre-mRS, gender, and cardiovascular comorbidities, APT was not associated with higher in-hospital mortality (OR 1.90, 95% CI 0.85-4.24, p = 0.117). This study did not show a higher risk for larger HV, HG, or in-hospital mortality in primary ICH patients with APT.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Beautiful colours illustrations, Birds od Rivers,Lakes and Streams introduces you to all of the birds you are likely to find in or around water, from the rare and beautiful Osprey to the more common birds such as the Moorhen or Tufted Duck.	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
inrange.adb:8:16: info: overflow check proved (CodePeer) inrange.adb:8:18: info: precondition proved (CVC4: 1 VC) inrange.adb:14:14: info: range check proved (CodePeer) inrange.adb:21:07: info: precondition proved (CVC4: 1 VC) inrange.adb:21:16: info: range check proved (CVC4: 1 VC) inrange.adb:21:16: medium: range check might fail (e.g. when X = 10) [reason for check: input value must fit in parameter type and output value must fit in argument type] inrange.ads:7:12: info: postcondition proved (CVC4: 1 VC) inrange.ads:10:17: info: postcondition proved (CVC4: 1 VC) inrange.ads:14:20: info: postcondition proved (CVC4: 1 VC) inrange.ads:17:20: info: postcondition proved (CVC4: 1 VC)	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
Every football team starts the season without a loss. It doesn’t take long for that number to whittle down, however. Eight weeks into the 2016 college football season, just nine unbeaten FBS teams remain. They range from defending national champion Alabama to often forgotten Western Michigan. Below is a look at the recruiting roads the Tide, Broncos and the seven schools in between walked in order to get to this point. No. 1 Alabama Crimson Tide Jalen Hurts (Getty Images) Record: 8-0 Average recruiting ranking last four years: 1.25 Notes: The correlation here is obvious. Alabama has looked like the most talented team in the country by far and its recruiting classes back it up. The fact that the Crimson Tide have received next to nothing out of former No. 1 overall player Da'Shawn Hand has illustrated how deep the program's recent classes have been. If it looks like Nick Saban has Rivals100 players all over the field on Saturdays, it’s because he does. Former five-star Calvin Ridley leads the team in both catches and receiving yards while freshman quarterback Jalen Hurts, a breakout star, is a former Rivals250 member. The Tide’s smothering defense is peppered with five-star athletes. No. 2 Michigan Wolverines Jabrill Peppers (Getty Images) Record: 7-0 Average recruiting ranking last four years: 22.75 Notes: Despite the relatively low average ranking, Michigan has hauled in two top five classes in the last four years. The leader of the defense is fringe Heisman Trophy candidate Jabrill Peppers, the No. 3 player in the 2014 class, and the Wolverines have placed an influx of young talent all over the field. Jim Harbaugh’s recruiting efforts have been well publicized and there is no more aggressive coach when it comes to landing top talent. The scary thing for other Big Ten teams – and the rest of the country, really – is that Michigan’s momentum still seems to be waxing. No. 3 Clemson Tigers DeShaun Watson (Getty Images) Record: 7-0 Average recruiting ranking last four years: 9.25 Notes: Clemson has not struggled to recruit in recent years, but landing five-star quarterback Deshaun Watson looks extra important these days. Watson led Clemson to a national championship appearance last year and has the Tigers undefeated in 2016. Five-star Ray-Ray McCloud III headlines Clemson’s 2014 class, its highest-ranked haul in history, and currently has 32 catches for 339 yards through seven games of his sophomore season. No. 4 Washington Huskies Jake Browning (Getty Images) Record: 7-0 Average recruiting ranking last four years: 30.75 Notes: It could be argued that Washington is the biggest overachiever of the remaining undefeated teams. The Huskies underwent a coaching change in late 2013 and haven’t exactly blown anyone away on the recruiting trail in recent years. Then, that’s sort of Chris Petersen’s calling card. That said, his current team isn’t even close to void of talent. Quarterback Jake Browning, a former Rivals100 prospect, leads the Huskies. Former three-star running back Myles Gaskin has far outplayed his ranking this season and the Washington defense has created turnovers with regularity. No. 7 Nebraska Cornhuskers Kieron Williams (Getty Images) Record: 7-0 Average recruiting ranking last four years: 25.75 Notes: The Huskers have hovered around the low end of top 25 classes for years. Nebraska has landed its share of major prospects and filled the gaps with players that have outperformed their rankings. Nebraska’s defense has helped lead the way for the team’s resurgence. Defensive back Kieron Williams leads the Big Ten with four interceptions. Williams was a two-star prospect coming out of high school and unranked as a prep school athlete. Former Rivals100 running back Terrell Newby leads the Huskers in rushing and is averaging roughly five yards per carry this season. No. 8 Baylor Bears KD Cannon (Getty Images) Record: 6-0 Average recruiting ranking last four years: 41 Notes: Baylor’s rise to prominence coincides with its steady rise in the recruiting rankings. And while the Bears have not ever recruited at a truly elite level, they had been quickly climbing the ladder until scandal struck earlier this year. A healthy portion of the team’s biggest contributors were lauded high school stars, including leading wide receiver KD Cannon, the No. 34 player in the 2014 class. Safety Orion Stewart was ranked as a two-star in 2012 and now leads the Big 12 in interceptions with four, including one for a touchdown. No. 10 West Virginia Mountaineers Skyler Howard (Getty Images) Record: 6-0 Average recruiting ranking last four years: 34.5 Notes: West Virginia’s move to the Big 12 gave it a subtle recruiting boost and now that the Mountaineers are rattling off wins, their stock continues to improve with high school prospects. Dynamic quarterback Skyler Howard was a three-star prospect coming out of junior college in 2014 and listed WVU as his only Power Five offer. Rushel Shell, a redshirt senior that was a high four-star in the class of 2012, has impressed in recent weeks and has shown incredible versatility. He chose the Mountaineers over a long list of other major offers, including one from Alabama. No. 13 Boise State Broncos Brett Rypien (Getty Images) Record: 7-0 Average recruiting ranking last four years: 62.75 Notes: The Broncos haven’t played the same, tough schedule as some of the other teams listed here, but the zero they’ve posted in the loss column counts just the same. Quarterback Brett Rypien was a Rivals100 prospect in the class of 2015. He currently leads the Mountain West in both passing yards and quarterback rating. David Moa, a former two-star prospect, has seven sacks and is one of the anchors of a solid Broncos defense. No. 20 Western Michigan Zach Terrell (Getty Images)	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
// Copyright 2000-2020 JetBrains s.r.o. Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file. package com.intellij.codeInsight.navigation; import com.intellij.lang.documentation.DocumentationProvider; import com.intellij.openapi.util.NlsContexts; import com.intellij.psi.PsiElement; import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable; public final class CtrlMouseDocInfo { public static final CtrlMouseDocInfo EMPTY = new CtrlMouseDocInfo(null, null, null); public final @Nullable @NlsContexts.HintText String text; final @Nullable PsiElement context; final @Nullable DocumentationProvider docProvider; public CtrlMouseDocInfo(@Nullable @NlsContexts.HintText String text, @Nullable PsiElement context, @Nullable DocumentationProvider provider) { this.text = text; this.context = context; docProvider = provider; } }	{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }
A weekly digest of Monitor views and insightful commentary on major events. Every Thursday Books Latest book reviews, author interviews, and reading trends. Every Friday EqualEd A weekly update on education, focused on solutions to inequalities. Every Friday Spiritual Lens The five most recent Christian Science articles with a spiritual perspective. Every Monday Debriefing: What happened to CIA's man who went missing in Iran? American Robert Levinson disappeared in Iran in 2007 while undertaking an unauthorized intelligence-gathering mission for the CIA, the AP reports. Here are the highlights of what's known. Maryam Hotel website/ AP/ File This undated photo from the Maryam Hotel's website shows the exterior of the hotel on Kish Island, a tourist destination about 11 miles off Iran's southern coast and the last place American Robert Levinson was seen before he vanished in 2007. An Associated Press investigation reveals that Levinson was working for the CIA when he vanished. Retired FBI agent Robert Levinson went missing while on an unauthorized intelligence-gathering trip in Iran in March 2007. Initially, the US said Mr. Levinson had made the trip to Iran on personal business, but about eight months after his initial disappearance, suspicions arose in Washington that this story was false. Levinson was, in fact, on a reconnaissance trip for the Central Intelligence Agency. This important detail in the case was not made public, but the Associated Press has known it since 2010, when the news agency confirmed Levinson's CIA ties. Three different times the AP nearly reported the news of Levinson's CIA connection – and the web of events leading up to his trip to Iran – but held back at the government's request. Federal authorities said they were pursuing promising leads to get Levinson home. However, in the nearly seven years since Levinson vanished, it is still unclear where he is, or if he is even alive. The AP decided to publish. Here’s a brief synopsis of the AP's investigative report, which came out Thursday. The chief of Illicit Finance, Tim Sampson, hired Levinson on contract with the CIA in June 2006 to work as an analyst. However, Levinson’s rogue reconnaissance trips were more closely in line with the duties of an operative, not an analyst. Levinson had previously worked for 28 years for the FBI and the US Drug Enforcement Administration. What’s the difference between an operative and an analyst? In the CIA, operatives do on-the-ground investigative work and manage spies, whereas analysts piece together information to form a larger picture of what is going on. How did Levinson get any documents he collected while working as an unofficial CIA operative back to the agency's headquarters? Only a selected cadre of CIA employees knew that Levinson was working as an operative. His main contact was a friend and colleague, Anne Jablonski. The two corresponded on Ms. Jablonski’s personal e-mail, rather than through her CIA account, and Levinson usually shipped packets of information to Jablonski’s home in Virginia, rather than to the agency itself. CIA investigators would later conclude that a small group of CIA officials used this arrangement to keep the agency from finding out that analysts were running secret spying operations. Does it matter that Levinson didn’t have the proper job title? It is standard procedure for seasoned CIA intelligence officers to review an agent’s plan to make sure he or she isn’t meeting with double agents. However, because the agency wasn’t aware of Levinson’s rogue trip to Iran, the top CIA officer there didn't know to watch out for Levinson. How did an American, especially one with known FBI connections, get into Iran? Kish Island, located about 11 miles off Iran’s coast, does not require an entry visa for US citizens, according to the US State Department’s website. With whom did Levinson meet while in Iran? Levinson met with Dawud Salahuddin, an American fugitive wanted for killing a former Iranian diplomat in Maryland in 1980. Ira Silverman, a journalist who had talked at length with Mr. Salahuddin for a 2002 New Yorker article that portrayed Salahuddin as a potential intelligence source, helped to coordinate the interview. Salahuddin said he met with the CIA agent for hours in Levinson’s hotel room. "I told them to put off [the meeting] until after the US [military] surge in Iraq was completed," Salahuddin told the National Security News Service, a Washington news site, soon after Levinson disappeared. "But Silverman and Levinson pushed for the meeting and that's why we met in March." The hotel’s registry indicates that Levinson checked out the next day. The US suspected that Iranian security services abducted Levinson, according to a leaked WikiLeaks cable. What was the US government’s initial reaction to Levinson's disappearance? The George W. Bush administration was adamant that Levinson was a private citizen on the trip. “Levinson was not working for the United States government,” wrote then-Secretary of State Condolezza Rice. Because Levinson's communications had always been sent to the personal e-mail of Jablonski, investigators looked in vain through the CIA's computer records for correspondence from him. After this initial search of the computer system, the CIA did not probe further into the matter. How did it come to light that Levinson was, in fact, working for the US spy agency? David McGee, Levinson’s friend and a former Justice Department prosecutor, discovered Levinson’s e-mails with Jablonski eight months after Levinson went missing. Their correspondence indicated that Levinson was on assignment for the CIA when he disappeared in Iran. The Senate Intelligence Committee then got involved in the matter and found that the CIA was responsible for Levinson at the time of his disappearance. When was the last new information on Levinson’s whereabouts? Levinson’s family received two so-called “proof-of-life” photos and a video in late 2010 and early 2011. In November 2010, Levinson’s wife, Christine, received an e-mail from an unknown e-mail address that was later traced to Pakistan. A file attached to the e-mail included a 54-second video showing Levinson sitting in front of a concrete wall, haggard but unharmed. Pashtun wedding music was playing faintly in the background. (Pashtuns live primarily in Pakistan and Afghanistan, across Iran’s eastern border.) The video also demanded that the United States release prisoners, but no prisoners in US custody had names that matched those on the list. The video prompted US officials to meet with their Iranian counterparts to discuss Levinson’s whereabouts, but the Iranians denied knowing anything about his location. In April 2011, the Levinson family received another e-mail with photo attachments from yet another account later traced to Afghanistan. Levinson was in the pictures, dressed in an orange jumpsuit with a chain around his neck and a sign in front of his face, each with different messages. There has been no news of Levinson from his captors since. What have Iran's leaders said about Levinson’s disappearance? During an interview in October 2010, then-President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad said Iran was willing to help find Levinson. Mr. Ahmadinejad also seemed to indicate he knew that Levinson was working for the US government. Current Iranian President Hassan Rouhani, who is more moderate than his predecessor and who is apparently willing to work with the West, has not provided any new information on the matter. “He’s an American who disappeared,” President Rouhani told CNN in September. “We have no news of him. We do not know where he is.” What happened to the CIA agents involved in sending Levinson on information-gathering trips?	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }
Double DTM champion Mattias Ekström is set for a busy weekend when he heads to Hockenheim in May, combining both DTM and FIA World Rallycross Championship driving duties together in the same weekend. World Rallycross joined DTM at Hockenheim last season in a move that was highly popular with fans but EKS RX brought in Edward Sandström to take drive while Ekström concentrated on his DTM role. The announcement that Ekström will be driving in both championships is a clear sign of his commitment to World Rallycross and also how focuses he is for the season ahead as he looks to topple Petter Solberg from the top for the World Rallycross tree. “Being able to race in the DTM and in rallycross at Hockenheim is like Christmas and Easter combined on a single day for me,” says the 2004 and 2007 DTM Champion. “I’m very thankful to Audi for this unique opportunity. Following the final pre-season tests in my Red Bull Audi RS 5 DTM at Hockenheim, I’m all fired up for the first two DTM races of the new season. We have good chances of repeating last year’s victories. That I’ll be able to additionally compete with world stars like Ken Block, Petter Solberg and Sébastien Loeb at the wheel of my S1 EKS RX quattro in front of thousands of Audi fans at the Motodrom is fantastic.” While Ekström is hopeful of reaching the World Rallycross final race he is realistic, “On Friday and Saturday, I’ll definitely be on the grid. On Sunday, the time between the DTM qualifying session and the final rallycross races is pretty short. But, I’d have to qualify for the RX finals to begin with.”	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }
Highly oxygenated and unsaturated metabolites providing a diversity of hispidin class antioxidants in the medicinal mushrooms Inonotus and Phellinus. Three new highly oxygenated and unsaturated metabolites named interfungins A (1), B (2), and C (3), which provide a diversity of hispidin class compounds in the fungi Inonotus and Phellinus, were isolated from the methanolic extract of the fruiting body of the fungus Inonotus xeranticus (Hymenochaetaceae). Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods. The existence of these functionalized metabolites implies that inoscavin A, davallialactone, and phelligridin F, which were previously isolated from the fungi Inonotus and Phellinus spp., are derived from 1. Compound 1 is derived from the condensation of hispidin and hispolon. Inoscavins B and C previously isolated from the fungus I. xeranticus are most probably derived from 2 which stemmed from the oxidative coupling of 3,4-dihydroxybenzalacetone and hispidin. This class of compounds exhibited significant free radical scavenging activity against the superoxide radical cation, ABTS radical anion, and DPPH radical.	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }
Is Your Brain Necessary? - ghgr https://www.rifters.com/crawl/?p=6116 ====== bloak It sounds like a hoax. If brains could be smaller, then heads could be smaller, and there ought to be some evolutionary pressure for that, in humans, at least: giving birth is not easy. I don't know about other animals. There is particularly strong evolutionary pressure for birds that fly to have efficient brains (cognition / mass). Perhaps whales don't care so much if their brains are inefficiently large.	{ "pile_set_name": "HackerNews" }
Eid Al Adha Mubarak Images 2018 – Eid Mubarak 2018 Images Download Eid Al Adha Mubarak Images 2018: EID Mubarak-Islamic Images: Firstly we wish you all a very happy Eid-Al-Adha Mubarak 2018 in advance. Hope you guys are enjoying our today. As we all know that this year Eid Al Adha is going to celebrate on 10 or 11 September 2018 in India & in other countries, This festival is celebrated on different dates in various countries. This holy festival is celebrated by all Muslim’s communities from all over the world. The holy month of Islam Religion (Dhu al-Hijjah) is just about to come. The month of the Dhil-Hijja/Dhu al-Hijjah is the most sacred month in Islamic Calendar. It’s always a pleasure to send & receive compliments in regards of welcoming Thou al-Hijja/Dhu al-Hijjah. On the special day of the Eid, if you are sulked up (something like angry) on someone due to the misunderstanding or something and if that can be cleared then you can start up by yourself, because you lose nothing! Don’t let the occasion go without their presence of the full of happiness at your home if they are relatives or friends etc, call them to your home and if possible arrange lunch or dinner, or at least sweets or deserts, try to convince them for the good and clear the misunderstandings for the good. Eid is really an auspicious and precious occasion for the Muslims which is celebrated throughout the World. One can wish and greet Muslims saying ‘Happy Eid’ in English or their local languages like Urdu, Hindi or regional languages they speak. Kindly note, images/quotes here may not originally belong to us, we respect copyright owners of that, copyright owners with objections can drop a mail for the removal. For any Mistake Happens in the content, we apologise for it, you can send a mail to us and we will look to it. Also check out our Privacy Policy and Disclaimer pages for clarifications	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

Subsets and Splits