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0.381853 | 64031e8d9b1940ac9796fccc1caafe03 | Thermogravimetric analysis of HEMA films (200–800 °C). (A) Raw % weight loss across temperature ramp, (B) derivative weight loss across temperature ramp. Heating rate of samples 10 °C. (C) %TGA (area of deconvoluted peak) for 25 °C temperature ranges across the peak degradation step for HEMA gels. | PMC10048396 | gels-09-00235-g006.jpg |
0.403624 | efca8bc92f6a414c8b1aec1426b2c270 | (A) Swelling of hydrogels in ultra-pure water and dilute (1 mg mL−1) solutions of polymer flocculants. (B) pH dependence of electrostatic bonding of PAA with PDAEC (red diamonds) and PDADMAC (blue diamonds). *** indicates statistical significance of difference via a T test pairwise comparison. | PMC10048396 | gels-09-00235-g007.jpg |
0.489918 | ba8923e666bb4c4fb825a4dbe9ac6ace | Sampling method used for oil samples in frying experiment. | PMC10048579 | foods-12-01332-g001.jpg |
0.426538 | 8f9dafb9b069456a8338c35e3357f2a5 | Changes in L* values (A), a* values (B), b* values (C), and ΔE* values (D) of high-oleic sunflower oil after different frying times. Note: Different lowercase letters indicated that there were significant differences among the samples prepared with the same deep-frying treatment and different frying times (p < 0.05), and different capital letters indicated that there were significant differences among the samples prepared with the same deep-frying time and different deep-frying treatments (p < 0.05). | PMC10048579 | foods-12-01332-g002.jpg |
0.391678 | ffe38881976e473a8de1452805bd7c68 | Changes in acid values (AVs) (A) and carbonyl values (CVs) (B) of high-oleic sunflower oil after different frying times. Note: Different lowercase letters indicated that there were significant differences among the samples prepared with the same deep-frying treatment and different frying times (p < 0.05), and different capital letters indicated that there were significant differences among the samples prepared with the same deep-frying time and different deep-frying treatments (p < 0.05). | PMC10048579 | foods-12-01332-g003.jpg |
0.373695 | f31494f3c3e1437ca3a62131c08d9ec4 | Changes in peroxide values (PVs) (A), p-anisidine values (p-AVs) (B), and total oxidation (TOTOX) values (C) of high-oleic sunflower oil at different frying times. Note: Different lowercase letters indicated that there were significant differences among the samples prepared with the same deep-frying treatment and different frying times (p < 0.05), and different capital letters indicated that there were significant differences among the samples prepared with the same deep-frying time and different deep-frying treatments (p < 0.05). | PMC10048579 | foods-12-01332-g004.jpg |
0.548029 | 3b3566d24e3d455dad4f69c392f08b77 | Enlargement of the 1H NMR spectral regions: 1H NMR spectral signals of Z,E- and E,E- conjugated hydroperoxides (A), 1H NMR spectral signals of secondary oxidation products (B), 1H NMR spectral signals of hydrolysis products (C,D). | PMC10048579 | foods-12-01332-g005a.jpg |
0.495777 | 07c8574f9afa4176a131b82d672ffe90 | Hydrolysis products of high-oleic sunflower oil during the frying process. C: control, AF: after frying. | PMC10048579 | foods-12-01332-g006.jpg |
0.418479 | cb7b213b4c2842de9af552477448243f | Cytotoxicity of Epslion toxin (ETX) toward Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells was inhibited by Zaragozic acid A trisodium salt (ZA). (A) Toxicities of ETX with different tags are similar. (B) Chemical structure of ZA. (C,D) Cell viability (from MTS assays) in MDCK cells exposed to increasing concentrations of ZA for 30 min and then incubated with different concentrations of ETX with GST tag (GST-ETX) for 1 h. (E) MDCK cells were preincubated with ZA for 30 min and incubated with ETX and continuously observed for 1 h. Scale bar: 50 μm. (F) The MDCK cells were cultured for 24 h with DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) or 10% lipid-depleted fetal bovine serum (LDS) and then treated with ZA prior to exposure to 0.8 nM ETX. (G) MDCK cells treated with 800 µM ZA for 30 min were exposed to ETX for 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min. Then, the Lactic Dehydrogenase (LDH) released from cells was measured using the LDH-GloTM Cytotoxicity Assay Kit. | PMC10048941 | ijms-24-05414-g001.jpg |
0.382726 | 174bd93b4f484426955130d0c79d1d31 | ZA does not inhibit binding of ETX to the membrane of MDCK cells. MDCK cells were incubated with ZA for 30 min and then treated with mScar-ETX for 1 h. (A) After staining with DAPI (blue), the cells were observed using confocal microscopy. Scale bar: 50 μm. (B) The average fluorescent intensity of ETX for different groups. | PMC10048941 | ijms-24-05414-g002.jpg |
0.496274 | b1c440abd0af466d9ff2c5f9a4e50d8e | ZA reduces the formation of ETX heptamers and inhibits ETX-induced pore-formation in MDCK cells. (A) MDCK cells were incubated with ZA for 30 min and then treated with His-ETX for 1 h. Western blot analysis of cell lysates using anti-His revealed oligomeric complexes (~224 kDa) and monomeric forms of His-ETX (~32 kDa). Untreated MDCK cells were used as a control. (B) MDCK cells were cultured and incubated with 800 µM ZA for 30 min. Then, the medium was mixed with GST-ETX and propidium iodide staining (PI), followed by incubation for 1 h. After washing three times with PBS, the samples were stained with DAPI and observed using confocal microscopy. Scale bar: 50 μm. (C) The percent of PI-positive cells (PI/DAPI) with cells in different groups. *** p < 0.001. | PMC10048941 | ijms-24-05414-g003.jpg |
0.427045 | 3204fd050bbe4b1bb801f0498b427b5f | ZA prevents toxin-induced PS exposure but strengthens Ca2+ influx of MDCK cells. (A) MDCK cells were exposed to ZA for 30 min, followed by the addition of different concentrations of GST-ETX (17 and 0.8 nM) for 1 h at 37 °C. Then, cells stained by PI (PE-A channel) and annexin V (FITC channel) were analyzed on a flow cytometer. (B) The influx of Ca2+ in MDCK cells was measured in a flow cytometer by incubation with fluo-4 AM (5 μM). (C) Annexin V and PI-positive cells were counted and normalized to the number of total cells. (D) Annexin-V-positive and PI-negative cells were counted and normalized to the number of total cells. (E) Frequency curve of Figure 4A. (F) Fluo-4-positive cells were counted and normalized to the number of total cells. **** p < 0.0001. | PMC10048941 | ijms-24-05414-g004.jpg |
0.415785 | 56f8f9fee71c4dd49582812c81617b8b | ZA can protect mice against ETX. (A) Mice were injected with 6400 ng/kg ETX 30 min after the administration of a first, second, or third dose of ZA. Mice in the control group were injected with PBS. The survival rate (B) and the weight (C) of mice after injections with ZA for 2 days, followed by ETX challenge and then observed for 72 h. (D) Sections were made from various organs of the challenged mice, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H & E). Photographs of the sections were taken using a bright field microscope with a digital camera. Scale bar: 100 μm. (E,F) Mice were injected with 50 mg/kg ZA 30 min after being challenged with 6400 ng/kg ETX. | PMC10048941 | ijms-24-05414-g005.jpg |
0.433865 | 8b8001b8018e400e978e4986c49323c8 | ZA can effectively protect mice from the toxicity of ETX. (A) Mice were injected with 50 mg/kg/day ZA for 3 injections (−48, −24, and −0.5 h), 2 injections (−24 and −0.5 h) or 1 injection (−0.5 h) only, then challenged with 6400 ng/kg ETX at time 0. The blood of mice was collected, and blood parameters were examined. (B) White blood cells (WBC). (C) Number of lymphocytes (LYM). (D) Lymphocyte ratio (LYM%). (E) Basophils ratio (BASO%). (F) Number of neutrophils (NEU). (G) Neutrophil ratio (NEU%). (H) Number of monocytes (MON). (I) Alkaline phosphatase (ALP). (J) Glucose (GLU). (K) Urea nitrogen (BUN). (L) Creatinine (Cre). (M) Serum calcium (Ca). (N) Serum sodium (Na). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001. | PMC10048941 | ijms-24-05414-g006.jpg |
0.424821 | 1b0b82a9602e4122b956aab4d59c38ce | ZA inhibits the synthesis of cholesterol. (A) The cholesterol of MDCK cells incubated with ZA for 30 min was measured according to the manufacturer’s instructions using the Amplex red cholesterol assay kit. (B) Mice were injected with 50 mg/kg/day ZA for 3 injections (−48, −24, and −0.5 h), 2 injections (−24 and −0.5 h), or 1 injection (−0.5 h) only. (C) Triglyceride (TG) levels of blood and cholesterol levels of liver (D), kidney (E), and brain (F) in different groups. (G) MDCK cells were incubated with ZA for 30 min, then collected, and the density gradient centrifugation and Western blotting were conducted. * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001 and **** p < 0.0001. | PMC10048941 | ijms-24-05414-g007.jpg |
0.469717 | fc49c1cfab464e29a170861145367d53 | Lovastatin (LO) inhibits the toxicity of ETX. (A) MDCK cells were incubated with LO for 30 min, and then exposed to ETX for 1 h. The cytotoxicity of ETX was measured by MTS assay. (B) Mice were injected with 6400 ng/kg ETX 30 min after the administration of a first, second, or third dose of LO. Mice in the control group were injected with PBS. | PMC10048941 | ijms-24-05414-g008.jpg |
0.414823 | 236f98282fb746e0b07bb2ce6a1c71fa | ZA reduces the toxicity of other pore-forming toxins. MDCK cells were incubated with ZA for 30 min, then exposed to Clostridium perfringens Net B (Net B) (A), Clostridium perfringens β-toxin (CPB) (B), or Staphylococcus aureus α-hemolysin (Hla) (C), and observed for 1 h. | PMC10048941 | ijms-24-05414-g009.jpg |
0.573736 | 786095349a844e968bcbf181d6edb664 | Decision model of combined urine LAM+Xpert. In this model, we compare the two future arms of a randomized control trial. ‘Treat all’ means deliver early antimicrobial therapy in the context of suspected TB-sepsis and ‘selective treatment’ indicates standard of care (wait and treat once a diagnosis is confirmed. This example is a visual representation of the decision tree associated with the combined TB-LAM/Xpert diagnostic testing. | PMC10049353 | ijerph-20-05041-g001.jpg |
0.460586 | 57b4abb8d1244926a8a2d87cf05cfcfb | A tornado diagram indicating the sensitivity analysis of input parameters for combined LAM+Xpert. Each line is a variable that is a part of the mathematical model and the blue bar represents their contribution to the difference in QALYs from the base case. | PMC10049353 | ijerph-20-05041-g002.jpg |
0.436373 | 8988a2106def46f1aef2c9e92b3bf6a6 | (a) A typical diaphragm flow controller can regulate airflow rates as low as 2.8 mL/min to 3.5 mL/min but can be adjusted to achieve much higher flow rates. (b) A typical capillary flow controller, with a small inside diameter of 0.05 mm, functions as a restricting orifice to maintain a low sample flow rate (0.1 to 0.5 mL/min), permitting an extended sampling time. The specific capillary flow controllers used in this research had mean flow rates that were typically 0.11 mL/min and 0.31 mL/min. | PMC10049467 | ijerph-20-04811-g001.jpg |
0.478107 | 17b3572101924eb3ad07c62af38b5f10 | (a) Buildings (A and B) chosen for sampling depicting the contamination of groundwater beneath each building (brown = most contamination; yellow = medium contamination; green = low contamination; and gray = possible contamination). (b) An enlarged view of the buildings with approximate sampling locations labeled L1–L4 and circled in red. Note: GW labels represent some of the groundwater monitoring wells installed several years prior to this study. | PMC10049467 | ijerph-20-04811-g002.jpg |
0.496937 | b6596f9a17c24b6ebdfb40fe653998ab | Comparative analysis of TCE concentrations from four locations (L1, L2, L3, L4) during a 2 wk period in August 2017 using traditional diaphragm (24 h) and capillary (14 d) controllers. Vertical gray bars represent daily concentrations, gray dashed lines represent the geometric mean (GM) of the daily (24 h) concentrations, solid black lines represent the 95% upper and lower confidence levels for the GM of the daily concentrations, and the orange dashed line represents the 14 d GM. Note: In the L1 plot, the two dashed lines are superimposed (the GMs are almost identical). | PMC10049467 | ijerph-20-04811-g003.jpg |
0.456826 | 65738a65f10047d3833e1ce0dab9bcb8 | Comparative analysis of TCE concentrations from four locations (L1, L2, L3, L4) during a 2 wk period in January 2018 using traditional diaphragm (24 h) and capillary (14 d) controllers. Vertical gray bars represent daily concentrations, gray dashed lines represent the geometric mean (GM) of the daily (24 h) concentrations, solid black lines represent the 95% upper and lower confidence levels for the GM of the daily concentrations, and the orange dashed line represents the 14 d GM. | PMC10049467 | ijerph-20-04811-g004.jpg |
0.415288 | 0de984c967d84be1ac690abe956824df | A series of box plots demonstrating the ratio of the minimum concentration to each corresponding concentration for the respective 14 d sampling event. The ratio was determined for each of the 24 sampling events. The x-axis represents the dates and locations of the sampling events; the y-axis is the ratio of the lowest concentration to each respective concentration for a specific date and location. Note: the center lines are the medians, the bottom and top of the boxes are the 25th and 75th percentiles, the whiskers are the 95th percentile, circles are between 1.5 and 3.0 of the interquartile (IQR) lines, and the asterisks are extreme values greater than 3 IQRs. Not all datasets have values above 1.5 IQR. | PMC10049467 | ijerph-20-04811-g005.jpg |
0.441002 | 4a57a94fd36747be8dd752e8de9eea22 | Comparison of all TCE concentrations collected using the diaphragm controller (x-axis) and the capillary controller (y-axis) for all sampling events and all locations (March 2017, May 2017, August 2017, January 2018, May 2018, and August 2018). | PMC10049467 | ijerph-20-04811-g006.jpg |
0.441666 | 1aaf56ea4aed402593cc4a02d2351a44 | a TandemHeart blood pump; b Impella; c Rotaflow blood pump; d CentriMag and PediMag blood pumps; e HeartMate3; f Berlin Heart EXCOR blood pump | PMC10049895 | 12098_2023_4545_Fig1_HTML.jpg |
0.495179 | b6f056b3ec00447cac549657953d1355 | Decision making algorithm. BSA Body surface area, CPB Cardiopulmonary bypass, HCM Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, VAD Ventricular assist device, VA ECMO Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, VV-ECMO Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, Wk Week | PMC10049895 | 12098_2023_4545_Fig2_HTML.jpg |
0.432383 | 4ff9fa68217a44f89160e992bbe04f70 | GMs of various oligomer-containing solutions at a current density of 1.5 A/dm2. The rotation speeds of Cu-RDE are 2500 rpm (0~1500 s) and 200 rpm (3000~4500 s). Each bath is composed of base electrolyte, 5 g/L PEG, 10 mg/L SPS, and 5 mg/L oligomer, respectively. The insets show the instrument and the values of potential drops. | PMC10051102 | molecules-28-02783-g001.jpg |
0.467648 | 5fd7b93a0d8d4f1296934c045433cfcb | Potentiodynamic polarization curves related to 5 mg/L oligomers in the base electrolyte. The electrode rotation speed is 1500 rpm. | PMC10051102 | molecules-28-02783-g002.jpg |
0.414475 | b579bcef37c346b09c52e6cb13f150bb | Cross-section metallographic photos of THs obtained from the base electrolyte with 500 mg/L PEG, 1 g/L SPS, and 5 mg/L oligomers: (a) without leveler; (b) IPIET; (c) IPIEP; (d) IPIMP; (e) PIEP. | PMC10051102 | molecules-28-02783-g003.jpg |
0.420327 | 8e2a44a7b4ca4f528f455ce9bb4edff6 | The surface appearance of the deposited copper was obtained from IPIEP (a) and PIEP (b). FE-SEM images of copper deposits obtained in the electrolyte containing: (c) IPIEP; (d) PIEP. | PMC10051102 | molecules-28-02783-g004.jpg |
0.442663 | 0ec00a6f62d34c43ae8d99e80ecd8c53 | XRD patterns of the electroplated copper film obtained in the base electrolyte without or with 5 mg/L oligomers. | PMC10051102 | molecules-28-02783-g005.jpg |
0.401602 | 4fd793f5719945e2bcbc75851ad2b176 | (a) Distributions and orbital energy values of the HOMO and LUMO for the four oligomers. (b) The ESP maps of the four oligomers. | PMC10051102 | molecules-28-02783-g006.jpg |
0.485348 | 24f1cd5ae4cf4f0a8e71d9feed8e3476 | High-resolution XPS spectra of samples: (a) N1s peaks of oligomers on the silicon wafer and cathodic copper surface; (b) S2p peaks of oligomers adsorbed on the cathode. | PMC10051102 | molecules-28-02783-g007.jpg |
0.377737 | bed803f64f1344219564e0cdd58ad30f | Series of photos demonstrating the coordination reactions between oligomers, Cu(I), and MPS. | PMC10051102 | molecules-28-02783-g008.jpg |
0.495631 | 8f28a3ca9b2447abb1e8bf3330739aef | IR spectra of oligomer−Cu(I)−MPS: (a) PIEP, (b) IPIMP, and (c) IPIEP. (d) The schematic diagram of the oligomer−Cu(I)−MPS adducts. | PMC10051102 | molecules-28-02783-g009.jpg |
0.483528 | 02402cad087f4c659ea439d9ed18a887 | Schematic diagram of N-heterocyclic oligomers action mechanism in the bath. | PMC10051102 | molecules-28-02783-g010.jpg |
0.463004 | b3c8970629d14a4e85299db2aecbe69b | The synthesis of oligomers with varied donor units. | PMC10051102 | molecules-28-02783-g011.jpg |
0.435967 | d336a39c5771440ab74afa62c3f6c1df | Probability of having scores above the 75th percentile on the Bayley Scales of Child Development (BSID-III) at 40 days after birth in children according to tertiles of maternal vitamin B12 concentrations during the first (A) and third (B) trimester of pregnancy. * Models of multiple logistic regression were performed, adjusting for the following variables: vitamin B12 tertiles at 1st trimester (T1 (n = 146), reference: <312 pg/mL (<230 pmol/L), T2 (n = 145): 312–408 pg/mL (230–301.1 pmol/L), and T3 (n = 143): ≥ 409 pg/mL (≥301.8 pmol/L)) and vitamin B12 tertiles at 3rd trimester (T1 (n = 118), reference: <232 pg/mL (<171.2 pmol/L), T2 (n = 118): 232–318 pg/mL (171.2–234.7 pmol/L), and T3 (n = 117): ≥319 pg/mL (≥235.4 pmol/L)) depending on the main exposure, maternal age (years), BMI (0: <25 kg/m2, 1: ≥25 kg/m2), gestational weight gain (kg), educational level (0: primary/secondary, 1: university), social class (low/medium, high), smoking (0: no, 1: yes), previous parity (0: no, 1: yes), physical activity (METS/min/week, tertiles), total energy intake (kcal/day), adherence to the Mediterranean diet (score), vitamin B12 intake (µg), folate intake (µg), RBC folate levels (nmol/L), Parenting Stress Index (score), mother’s anxiety state 1st trimester (score), mother’s anxiety state 3rd trimester (score), sex of child (0: male, 1: female), gestational age at birth (weeks), type of lactation (0: breastfeeding, 1: formula/mixed), neonatal weight–length ratio (g/m), and birth head circumference (cm). The diamonds represent the odds ratio (OR) and the whisker plots represent 95% CIs. p-values in bold type are statistically significant. | PMC10051123 | nutrients-15-01529-g001.jpg |
0.410479 | 6833f9b7f67541128703325a3fbfa8f6 | (a) HAADF-STEM image of NPS@ZIF and EDS mapping patterns of elements (b) Ag, (c) Zn. (d) Corresponding EDS elemental spectrum. | PMC10051616 | molecules-28-02781-g001.jpg |
0.398628 | 8abd8787c8644c0197d5e1d7bb3eb212 | XPS characterization of NPS@ZIF at (a) Ag 3d and (b) Zn 2p binding energy. (c) XRD patterns of NPS, ZIF, and NPS@ZIF. (d) Corresponding static water contact angle tests. | PMC10051616 | molecules-28-02781-g002.jpg |
0.471222 | 6985018a7aa04037b30584c7b87feb04 | Catalysis performance using the NPS@O-ZIF electrode. (a) LSV curves in the N2- and Ar- saturated electrolyte. (b) CA tests under various potentials and (c) the corresponding UV–vis spectra of electrolytes after ENRR is colored with the indophenol indicator. (d) Calculation of ammonia yield and Faradaic efficiency. | PMC10051616 | molecules-28-02781-g003.jpg |
0.525727 | b727f0ef43d24c37ab0397a74faca755 | (a) Stability of NPS@O-ZIF for 30 h ENRR test. (b) Cycling tests for five consecutive ENRR under −1.0 V vs. RHE. (c) Comparison of ENRR performance using various electrocatalysts. | PMC10051616 | molecules-28-02781-g004.jpg |
0.438851 | 76fc54cfb3494509a24a9bbfb708923c | ENRR performance enhancement by utilizing the NPS@O-ZIF electrocatalyst. | PMC10051616 | molecules-28-02781-sch001.jpg |
0.439706 | e70c050e55a54929a57af06948d4fc16 | Sample chromatogram from LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. | PMC10051629 | molecules-28-02428-g001.jpg |
0.462896 | d14479c270cc40ba830e407576889106 | (a) Amygdalus communis leaf extract. (b) Color change due to the formation of synthesized AC-AuNPs. (c) The presence of AuNPs in colloidal form confirmed by the Tyndall effect against the laser beam (I. HAuCl4 solution, II. plant extract, and III. colored liquid formed as a result of synthesis). (d) Time-dependent maximum absorbances (10 to 60 min). | PMC10051629 | molecules-28-02428-g002.jpg |
0.486897 | f72d250f17c444ca8ffdd226daa6e857 | X-ray diffractogram of biogenic gold nanoparticles. | PMC10051629 | molecules-28-02428-g003.jpg |
0.532698 | 6ef40d1bc8a24ba7bc1c28b70f50f253 | FTIR spectra of Amygdalus communis leaf extract and biogenic functionalized gold nanoparticles. | PMC10051629 | molecules-28-02428-g004.jpg |
0.418896 | 5cd3b2b885ba41d39cb7e0a2b27100e1 | Elemental profile (EDX) of gold nanoparticle synthesis with Amygdalus communis leaf extract. | PMC10051629 | molecules-28-02428-g005.jpg |
0.45923 | d2c842c9f11e4a04a1545db506b2f9f8 | Morphological structures of the synthesized AC-AuNPs; (a) TEM, and (b) FESEM micrograph images. | PMC10051629 | molecules-28-02428-g006.jpg |
0.48444 | a5bfa6a27ae245d09253b95010b5db3d | Zeta potential distribution of synthesized AC-AuNPs. | PMC10051629 | molecules-28-02428-g007.jpg |
0.42321 | c83ad1d78b90456cb4786b802fed0136 | Distribution of density-dependent sizes of synthesized AC-AuNPs. | PMC10051629 | molecules-28-02428-g008.jpg |
0.400188 | a8c9e5e807ad4b82b1904634090401c4 | Mass loss points that occurred in the TGA-DTA data of synthesized AuNPs during temperature changes. | PMC10051629 | molecules-28-02428-g009.jpg |
0.407586 | d41b8708406e4394ab15929239795338 | AFM micrograph of synthesized AC-AuNPs. | PMC10051629 | molecules-28-02428-g010.jpg |
0.391194 | e635a21e4e73400c9fc26521be7609ca | MIC concentrations of synthesized AC-AuNPs, HAuCI4 solution, and antibiotics (vancomycin, colistin, and fluconazole). | PMC10051629 | molecules-28-02428-g011.jpg |
0.411179 | c79ab0202b554c73ad16e22b809016ba | Cell viability rates after 48 h of interaction with AC-AuNPs applied at varying concentrations. | PMC10051629 | molecules-28-02428-g012.jpg |
0.436831 | c043de55701145fe91604f1ea039d96d | The expression and promoter activity of AtADF1 are inhibited by high temperatures. (A) The relative expression of AtADF1 in 3-day-old wild type seedlings treated at 28 °C for 1, 2, 3, and 4 d was determined by RT-qPCR. 18S was used as an internal control. Values are means ± SD from three independent replicate experiments (Student’s t-test, ** p < 0.01). (B) The expression pattern of AtADF1 was revealed by GUS staining of pADF1:GUS transgenic plants under high temperature. Scale bars = 0.25 cm. (C) Western blots using proteins were extracted from AtADF1-GFP seedlings incubated at high temperatures. Rubisco was used as a loading control. | PMC10051699 | ijms-24-05675-g001.jpg |
0.537825 | 62d559b635ae48458d22530df76d32c7 | AtADF1 negatively regulates plant growth and inhibits the stability of actin filaments under high temperature. (A) The thermal adaptation of WT, Atadf1-1, AtADF1-OE#33, and AtADF1-COM seedlings was visualized. Three-day-old seedlings of WT, Atadf1-1, AtADF1-OE#33, and AtADF1-COM were transferred into a 28 °C chamber for four days. Scale bar = 1 cm. (B,C) Leaf area and fresh weight of WT, Atadf1-1, AtADF1-OE#33, and AtADF1-COM seedlings at normal (22 °C) and high temperature (28 °C). At least 60 leaves from 30 seedlings were examined in (B) and at least 300 seedlings were examined in (C) for per genotype and treatment. Values are mean ± SD from three independent replicate experiments. All of statistical analysis use one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey’s post-hoc test. Significant differences were indicated by different lowercase letters. (D) Representative images of the actin filaments in leaf pavement cells of WT, Atadf1-1, and AtADF1-OE#33 seedlings grown at 22 °C and 28 °C. Scale bar = 25 μm. (E,F) The skewness and average filament percentage of occupancy, or density of actin filaments were measured on images shown in (D). Values are means ± SD (n > 300 images from at least 30 seedlings for per genotype and treatment). All of statistical analysis use one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey’s post-hoc test. Significant differences were indicated by different lowercase letters. The number on the column in (B,C,E,F) is the percentage of increase or decrease between normal and high temperature conditions. | PMC10051699 | ijms-24-05675-g002.jpg |
0.405927 | bbc913e3f4be40b1b1ec988dcdc14fc9 | AtMYB30 directly binds to the AtADF1 promoter and positively regulates the expression of AtADF1 under high temperature. (A) The relative expression of AtADF1 in 3−day−old WT, Atmyb30, and AtMYB30 OE seedlings treated with 28 °C for 4 d was determined by RT-qPCR. Data show mean values ± SD from three independent replicates (Student’s t-test, ** p < 0.05). (B) MYB−binding site AACAAAC in the AtADF1 promoter. (C) ChIP−qPCR analysis indicates that AtMYB30 is associated with the AtADF1 promoter in vivo. AtADF1−N and AtACT7 are as negative controls, and AtPIF4 is as a positive control. Data show mean values ± SD from three independent replicates. (Student’s t-test, ** p < 0.01). (D) EMSA assay of the interaction between AtMYB30 and AtADF1 promoter. The arrow indicates the bands resulting from GST−MYB30 binding to AtADF1 promoter P. (E) The thermal adaptation of WT, Atadf1, AtADF1−OE, Atmyb30, Atmyb30 Atadf1−1, and Atmyb30 AtADF1−OE seedlings was visualized. Three−day−old seedlings of WT, Atadf1, AtADF1−OE, Atmyb30, Atmyb30 Atadf1, and Atmyb30 AtADF1−OE were transferred into a 28 °C chamber for four days. Scale bar = 1 cm. (F,G) Leaf area and fresh weight of WT, Atadf1, AtADF1−OE, Atmyb30, Atmyb30 Atadf1 and Atmyb30 AtADF1−OE seedlings at normal (22 °C) and high temperature (28 °C). The number in the columns is the percentage increase between normal and high temperature conditions. At least 60 leaves from 30 seedlings were examined for leaf area, and at least 300 seedlings were examined for fresh weight, per genotype and treatment. Values are mean ± SD from three independent replicates. All of the statistical analyses use a one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey’s post-hoc test. Significant differences were indicated by different lowercase letters. | PMC10051699 | ijms-24-05675-g003.jpg |
0.424508 | d51c3577cd1a4dc8a4fc86256fd6df41 | Sequence and structure analysis of Chinese cabbage ADF1 (BrADF1). (A) Gene structure alignment of AtADF1 and BrADF1. Gene structures contain three exons and two introns in AtADF1 and BrADF1. (B) Protein sequence alignment of AtADF1 and BrADF1. The top is the predicted secondary structure of protein BrADF1. (C) Predicted domain architecture of BrADF1. The BrADF1 coding sequence encodes 150 amino acids containing one ADF domain (amino acids 16–149), one phosphorylation site (amino acid 10), two G-actin binding sites (amino acids 16 and 17), and five F-actin binding sites (amino acids 92, 94, 108, 135, and 138). (D) Predicted tertiary structure of BrADF1, which is similar to the tertiary structure model 1F7S of AtADF1. | PMC10051699 | ijms-24-05675-g004.jpg |
0.421742 | babdbf1176f04e9dac0a5a2586ce2a5e | BrADF1 is a negatively regulator in plant growth and the stability of actin filaments under high temperature. (A) The relative expression of BrADF1 in 7-day-old Chinese cabbage “DH” line “FT” seedlings treated at 28 °C for 1, 2, 4, and 6 d was determined by RT-qPCR. Chinese cabbage ACTIN was used as an internal control. Values are means ± SD from three independent replicate experiments (Student’s t-test, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01). (B) The thermal adaptation of WT, AtADF1-OE#33, BrADF1-OE#13, BrADF1-OE#17, BrADF1-COM#7, and BrADF1-COM#9 was visualized. Scale bar = 1 cm. (C,D) Leaf area and fresh weight of WT, AtADF1-OE#33, BrADF1-OE#13, BrADF1-OE#17, BrADF1-COM#7, and BrADF1-COM#9 seedlings at normal (22 °C) and high (28 °C) temperatures. At least 60 leaves from 30 seedlings were examined for leaf area, and at least 300 seedlings were examined for fresh weight, per genotype and treatment. Values are mean ± SD from three independent replicates. All of the statistical analyses use a one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey’s post-hoc test. Significant differences were indicated by different lowercase letters. The number in the column is the percentage increase between normal and high temperature conditions. (E) Representative images of the actin filaments in leaf pavement cells of WT, AtADF1-OE#33, BrADF1-OE#13, and BrADF1-COM#7 seedlings grown at 22 °C and 28 °C. Scale bar = 25 μm. (F) The fluorescence intensity of actin cables. In the same condition, statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between WT (0–20 and 20–100) and genotypes (0–20 and 20–100). Values are means ± SD from three independent replicate experiments (n > 300 images from at least 30 seedlings per genotype and treatment). Student’s t-test, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01). (G) Average length of actin filaments in WT, AtADF1-OE#33, BrADF1-OE#13, and BrADF1-COM#7 seedlings grown at 22 °C and 28 °C. Values are means ± SD from three independent replicate experiments. All of the statistical analyses use a one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey’s post-hoc test. Significant differences were indicated by different lowercase letters. | PMC10051699 | ijms-24-05675-g005.jpg |
0.448576 | 7cc7f705282a43329077a49dc87f9fc0 | Working model of AtMYB30 and AtADF1 in Arabidopsis plants in response to high temperatures. Arrows represent positive regulation, and barred ends indicate inhibitory action. Details of this model are discussed in the text. | PMC10051699 | ijms-24-05675-g006.jpg |
0.462279 | 589670d1012d44539de7486257e76b08 | XRD patterns of the pretreated SASR (a), and the obtained fused mixture (1:1.5 SASR-Kaolin weight ratio) (b). | PMC10052068 | nanomaterials-13-01091-g001.jpg |
0.465861 | 7bcc93bc310b4bb0ae0c8781b276ab77 | XRD Patterns of synthesized zeolite produced from mixture of SASR-Kaolin at weight ratios of (a) 1:0, (b) 1:2, (c) 1:1.5, (d) 1:1, (e) 2:1, and (f) 0:1 (A), XRD Patterns of synthesized products with different mass ratio of mixture-NaOH of 1:1.3 and 1:2 (B), where ●: Faujasite, Q: quartz, ∆: Sodalite zeolite, and K: Al2Si2O5(OH)4. | PMC10052068 | nanomaterials-13-01091-g002.jpg |
0.50459 | 425677a907cc42b3bd485287bb157d6d | FTIR spectra of synthesized zeolite produced from SASR-Kaolin mixture at weight ratios of (a) 1:0, (b) 1:2, (c) 1:1.5, (d) 1:1, (e) 2:1, and (f) 0:1 (A), and detailed FTIR spectra in 1250–500 cm−1 wave number region (B). | PMC10052068 | nanomaterials-13-01091-g003.jpg |
0.421046 | 47d58964314145eca4efed5e429ea8a6 | N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms (a), particle size distribution of the synthesized zeolite (b). | PMC10052068 | nanomaterials-13-01091-g004.jpg |
0.469627 | 8730e14632624ec8a3730cd4e3079c84 | Effects of pH values on the adsorption efficiency of Zn2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ metal ions on the adsorbent surface (A), Point of zero charge (PZC) of synthesized zeolite (B). | PMC10052068 | nanomaterials-13-01091-g005.jpg |
0.440926 | df6da00828164573889585e3d230018a | Effect of adsorbent dosage on heavy metal ions removal efficiency (A), adsorption capacity of heavy metal ions on synthesized zeolite (B). | PMC10052068 | nanomaterials-13-01091-g006.jpg |
0.485473 | d45ee3b7f0584f748f4238a76636de0f | Effect of contact time on Zn2+, Pb2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ adsorption capacity (A); Pseudo-first-order (B); Pseudo-second-order (C); and Intra-particle diffusion (D). (Adsorbent dosage = 4 gL−1, temperature = 20 °C, initial concentration of metal ions = 50 mgL−1 and reaction time = 10–120 min.). | PMC10052068 | nanomaterials-13-01091-g007.jpg |
0.462181 | f9fe2f77e72048e2bdd50c331bd7b3f4 | Effect of initial concentration on adsorption of Zn2+, Pb2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ onto adsorbent (A), Langmuir model (B), Freundlich model (C), and adsorption thermodynamic model (D). (Adsorbent dosage = 4 gL−1, adsorption temperature = 20–60 °C, initial concentration of metal ions = 10–80 mg·L−1, and reaction time = 60 min). | PMC10052068 | nanomaterials-13-01091-g008.jpg |
0.419808 | 20e59063180b4bf6827d90046d45e584 | SEM image of synthesized zeolite (8000× magnification) (a) and the EDS element analysis (10,000× magnification) (b). | PMC10052068 | nanomaterials-13-01091-g009.jpg |
0.393459 | f663661db705427bbdfe94871e22438e | SEM image of the synthesized zeolite at SASR-Kaolin weight ratio of 1:1.5: (a) mapping of Zn2+ loaded, O, Al, Si, Zn, and EDS element analysis, (b) mapping of Pb2+ loaded, O, Al, Si, Na, Pb, and EDS element analysis. | PMC10052068 | nanomaterials-13-01091-g010.jpg |
0.406302 | 79bd90f3668742adbb3edbbd4a209113 | SEM image of the synthesized zeolite at SASR-Kaolin weight ratio of 1:1.5: (a) mapping of Cu2+ loaded, O, Al, Si, Na, Cu, and EDS element analysis, (b) mapping of Cd2+ loaded, O, Al, Si, Na, Pb, and EDS element analysis. | PMC10052068 | nanomaterials-13-01091-g011.jpg |
0.496795 | 0c547c9e5bc14b9db550a738ee327ec1 | XPS wide scan of synthesized zeolite before and after Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd adsorption: Full range (A), High-resolution XPS spectra of Zn2p (B), Pb4f (C), Cu2P (D), and Cd3d (E). | PMC10052068 | nanomaterials-13-01091-g012.jpg |
0.3868 | 20df8de8927444e7adda7cc6fceb047d | The proposed adsorption mechanism of heavy metal ions on synthesized zeolite. | PMC10052068 | nanomaterials-13-01091-g013.jpg |
0.476721 | 48cd98fdb40d49b0bb3e9198ecca299a | Schematic flow diagram for synthesized zeolite based on mixture of SASR and kaolin concentrate using the alkali-fusion method. | PMC10052068 | nanomaterials-13-01091-sch001.jpg |
0.446224 | 21a9d660224f4267a944aa4b43510b1f | Baler-wrapper control systems. | PMC10052844 | sensors-23-02992-g001.jpg |
0.421416 | b6015736aa164e219a7e1a726f58c34a | The bale compression measurement method. | PMC10052844 | sensors-23-02992-g002.jpg |
0.458361 | 198365f3736a48a9b5b10dbf18e83a08 | The relation between the forces of pressing the bale and the tractor driving trajectory—differences in force increases depend on the place where the swath is taken by the machine. | PMC10052844 | sensors-23-02992-g003.jpg |
0.467753 | f8ab7960860d4ad4b976afc3bc687f03 | The swath size measuring system consisted of a 3D sensor, illuminator (made by IFM electronic), and adjustable handle. | PMC10052844 | sensors-23-02992-g004.jpg |
0.418184 | 17008b7cce184787bbdda8072ca3a9b3 | View of the cloud of 3D sensor measurement points read from the vision assistant program. | PMC10052844 | sensors-23-02992-g005.jpg |
0.413338 | 1bf399ff242b4331a0560e7c90e210a4 | ROI (regions of interest) in swath size measuring system. | PMC10052844 | sensors-23-02992-g006.jpg |
0.449946 | 8153341a088e4502a6f93278a4d2fcfc | The method of estimating the cross-sectional area of the swath at the assumed time, t. | PMC10052844 | sensors-23-02992-g007.jpg |
0.456152 | 4aadcaa46a034991ad3a2a5d950ba85c | Silage support systems in the baler-wrapper. | PMC10052844 | sensors-23-02992-g008.jpg |
0.415495 | 1e08c6e8923d415690239e7f0fe22d79 | Schematic diagram of the system of the variable dosing of silage. | PMC10052844 | sensors-23-02992-g009.jpg |
0.435539 | 119463be823744d9a3f2f22cbe866dac | Characteristics of force and torque measurement signals. | PMC10052844 | sensors-23-02992-g010.jpg |
0.555931 | 0097b4fae55e48c9b6939ff10a7e9055 | Summary of averaged values of runs: (a) total compression force; (b) total axle load; (c) symmetrical fluctuations of the pressure force. | PMC10052844 | sensors-23-02992-g011.jpg |
0.504694 | 8837d369e40e42c8b8316ea093e4d76b | An example of the process of creating a bale, with the characteristic points of the baler-wrapper cycle:(A–G)—characteristic stages of machine operation. | PMC10052844 | sensors-23-02992-g012.jpg |
0.482634 | b29a2d92921c4cdd87fb1a3b09760b01 | Dependence of bale weight and compaction parameters. | PMC10052844 | sensors-23-02992-g013.jpg |
0.393177 | 5cb3173e18ec41faade7be7e3d9536b8 | Swath efficiency map, prepared with the proprietary method of swath volume estimation. | PMC10052844 | sensors-23-02992-g014.jpg |
0.411814 | 938e3ca7fcf140bb9ca822184518bb57 | An example of a bale distribution map, with information on maximum compaction. | PMC10052844 | sensors-23-02992-g015.jpg |
0.427037 | e94495aa14dd4ab19d24014dead2a121 | Biofilm inhibition activity from endophyte bacteria (A-D) and Vibrio cholerae strains (E–F) against the bacterial test panel. Extracts (liquid and solid extract) were added into the media with the concentration of 5% v/v. A statistical t-test was used to evaluate the mean values of antibiofilm activity between liquid and solid extract. Asterisks indicate activity values that are significantly different between liquid and solid crude extract (*, P < 0.05; ns, non-significant). If extracts didn’t inhibit biofilm formation the data were not shown in the graph | PMC10053847 | 12866_2023_2829_Fig1_HTML.jpg |
0.46702 | 26c14e9f476444a68b02e8254042874e | Biofilm destruction activity from endophyte bacteria (A-D) and Vibrio cholerae strains (E–F) against the bacterial test panel. Extracts (liquid and solid extract) were added to the media with the concentration of 5% v/v. A statistical t-test was used to evaluate the mean values of antibiofilm activity between liquid and solid extract. Asterisks indicate activity values that are significantly different between liquid and solid crude extract (*, P < 0.05; ns, non-significant). If extracts did not destroy biofilm the data were not shown in the graph | PMC10053847 | 12866_2023_2829_Fig2_HTML.jpg |
0.485992 | 9ff920ec70554b3287da7307f28fe5f2 | Biofilm inhibition activity from actinomycetes (A-E) against S. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa. Extracts (liquid and solid extract) were added into the media with the concentration of 5% v/v. A statistical t-test was used to evaluate the mean values of antibiofilm activity between liquid and solid extract. Asterisks indicate activity values that are significantly different between liquid and solid crude extract (*, P < 0.05; ns, non-significant) | PMC10053847 | 12866_2023_2829_Fig3_HTML.jpg |
0.446934 | 0162ac1bd6d5402788db8fb2612fb50d | The participant flow diagram. | PMC10054285 | IANN_A_2189747_F0001_B.jpg |
0.416187 | 5c8e5a0aae524c348a4da3a34dda4e86 | The proposed innovative model using Bandura’s social cognitive learning for humanistic professional role modelling. | PMC10054285 | IANN_A_2189747_F0002_B.jpg |
0.403747 | d14b7aee72c74e519915b5c04b952c71 | The improvements of humanistic professionalismin the experimental and control groups. | PMC10054285 | IANN_A_2189747_F0003_C.jpg |
0.503466 | d5a570ad94b947ba9753f98d9e7ea8f5 | The improvements of caring behaviours in the experimental and control groups. | PMC10054285 | IANN_A_2189747_F0004_B.jpg |
0.482193 | 2aca63ef39c748b4b2f67fd18965891a | The improvements of school-to-work transitional anxiety in the experimental and control groups. | PMC10054285 | IANN_A_2189747_F0005_B.jpg |
0.424675 | 0e4d18db78834edea86f6e0e65fda43c | ReUse architecture for pixel-wise regression. The input is the Sentinel-2 image with dimensions (patch size, patch size, number of channels); the output is the AGB image with dimensions (patch size, patch size, 1). | PMC10054486 | jimaging-09-00061-g001.jpg |
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