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0.453528 | d447ab395cc34946b0d0669fbc881f3b | (a) Schematic illustration of engineering the ATP sensor for recognition of ATP and nucleic acid inputs. (b) Fluorescence intensity analysis of the ON-state sensor (M/F/Q) upon addition of different concentration of ATP. [M/F/Q] = 0.05 μM, [ATP] = 1 mM, 1.5 mM, 2 mM and 2.5 mM respectively. (c) (Left) The ‘YES’ logic gate and the corresponding truth table; (right) the fluorescence intensity analysis of the OFF-state sensor (M/F/Q/L1) upon addition of ATP in the presence and absence of the key strand ‘K1’. ‘+’ denotes the addition of the components and ‘−’ denotes the absence of the components. [M/F/Q/L1] = 0.05 μM, [K1] = 0.06 μM, [ATP] = 2 mM. | PMC10025943 | d3ra00295k-f5.jpg |
0.399863 | d2b0719c5f9e495ab1734d4b8b714285 | Axial and sagittal views of a physically inactive volunteer (top row) and a well-trained recreational cyclist (bottom row). The labels for GMAX, GMED and SAT are illustrated for both cases. The two subjects had GMAX fat fraction values of 21.8% and 17.6% | PMC10026522 | 12891_2023_6283_Fig1_HTML.jpg |
0.443621 | 1c2cb49291b94f7f93d7fc37eea79774 | Boxplots of FF (A), normalized volume (B) and normalized lean volume (C) values of GMAX and GMED muscles for each group. On each box, the central mark is the median and the edges of the box are the 25th and 75th percentiles. Outliers are plotted individually with circles | PMC10026522 | 12891_2023_6283_Fig2_HTML.jpg |
0.470743 | a4f0665f906c4dcf96272bb191245825 | Axial profiles with median values and IQR error bars for GMAX fat fraction (A), normalized cross-sectional areas (B) and normalized lean cross-sectional areas (C) for the PI (blue) and cyclists (red) groups. In a purple dashed line and using the left y-axis, the relative percentage difference between the two groups is shown for each slice. The profiles go from the origin of GMAX (slice 1) to the level of the lesser trochanter (slice 50, the most inferior slice) | PMC10026522 | 12891_2023_6283_Fig3_HTML.jpg |
0.433059 | 1a835ac074e14483af7beae44dbbf81e | Forest (dot whisker) plot of the depression generalized non-linear regression model (shows the positions and direction of significance). | PMC10026837 | fpsyt-14-1112501-g001.jpg |
0.44998 | a9c1d32d8a19490aa7b09670d53b5632 | Forest (dot whisker) plot of the anxiety generalized non-linear regression model (shows the positions and direction of significance). | PMC10026837 | fpsyt-14-1112501-g002.jpg |
0.429778 | afb812b26766462e98533da3690378fc | Forest (dot whisker) plot of the stress generalized non-linear regression model (shows the positions and direction of significance). | PMC10026837 | fpsyt-14-1112501-g003.jpg |
0.460902 | eb78beedb94b4b848cd0c08684fa94c5 |
Workflow of HTGQC and shinyHTGQC.
Gene expression data from HTG EdgeSeq Protocols are analysed for quality control of the sequencing run. HTGQC uses the positive and negative controls provided in these datasets for assessing failures. shinyHTGQC is a web-based tool for quality assessment and visualisation. | PMC10027062 | gigabyte-2022-74-g001.jpg |
0.440077 | a4cf3225fdab46be80f60ae1775f186b | Rapid and Intact skeletal muscle mitochondrial extraction through nitrogen cavitation and differential centrifugation. Schematic of mitochondrial isolation protocol for cells or skeletal muscle tissue (A) Nitrogen cavitation device, label a(red) identifies the cavitation chamber, label b(red) identifies the outlet valve (B) Electron microscopy of recovered mitochondria at 1 µm (left) and 500 nm (right). The mitochondrial inner and outer membranes and cristae are clearly visible (C) The mitochondrial matrix shows no signs of damage or compromised integrity. | PMC10027933 | fphys-14-1114595-g001.jpg |
0.453191 | 37e186c96ad440af955c103004706909 | Nitrogen cavitation of skeletal muscle recovers mitochondria with reduced cytochrome C leakage. Mitochondria obtained from muscle cells (A) and tissue (B) were subject to Western blot analysis of nuclear (Histone H3) and cytosolic (GAPDH) mitochondrial fractions (cytochrome C and COX IV). Mitochondria collected from mechanical homogenisation of muscle cells (C) and tibialis anterior muscle tissue (D) were subject to Western blot analysis of nuclear (Histone H3) and cytosolic (GAPDH) mitochondrial fractions (cytochrome C and COX IV). | PMC10027933 | fphys-14-1114595-g002.jpg |
0.416233 | 9fd2b6f3ad424c1a9dbad4dabb12af9e | Nitrogen cavitation is successful in isolating intact, contaminant free, respiring mitochondria. OCR curves of mitochondria isolated by nitrogen cavitation for C2C12 muscle cells (A) and tibialis anterior muscle tissue (B) OCR curves of mitochondria obtained by mechanical homogenisation of muscle cells (C) and tibialis anterior muscle tissue (D) are also shown. Respiratory parameters of mitochondria in the presence of glutamate and malate (0.5M/0.5M). The rates of respiration in State 3 and in State 4 are expressed as pmol O2/min. Data represented as a mean ± S.E.M. of five different mitochondrial preparations isolated from different skeletal muscle cells and three different TA preparations. Representative plot of point-to-point OCR data in the presence of mitochondrial substrates and inhibitors. Data expressed as a mean of 5 individual replicates +SEM. | PMC10027933 | fphys-14-1114595-g003.jpg |
0.438604 | a86215f7ce1448e582cb493e318cf847 | Schematic diagram of SCTV-UNet frame. The channel attention and spatial attention are fused on the encoder | PMC10028784 | 500_2023_7991_Fig1_HTML.jpg |
0.440398 | 465d6851a6ea43e1be2cd82d61ad1cbe | Schematic diagram of the attention mechanism of the SCTV-UNet framework. The above image is the flow of the channel attention mechanism. The following image is the flow of the spatial attention mechanism | PMC10028784 | 500_2023_7991_Fig2_HTML.jpg |
0.469441 | a982e9d0d8384fddb320e8a50e240556 | There are two ways to add a channel attention mechanism and a spatial attention mechanism. The image above represents the skip-connection add attention mechanism. The following image represents the encoder adding attention mechanism | PMC10028784 | 500_2023_7991_Fig3_HTML.jpg |
0.374451 | 8e6c233838ec4a449ae547a6ccffc880 | Partial COVID-Semiseg dataset. The image above is CT of COVID-19. The image below is Ground Truth | PMC10028784 | 500_2023_7991_Fig4_HTML.jpg |
0.458725 | e13acf6724304805913c43eecc3be7ce | Comparison of segmentation results of U-Net, Inf-Net, TV-UNet and SCTV-UNet | PMC10028784 | 500_2023_7991_Fig5_HTML.jpg |
0.49535 | 34b5854e9ec049edb401fbacc8d7bdb3 | TV-UNET, SCTV-UNet Grad-CAM visualizations result | PMC10028784 | 500_2023_7991_Fig6_HTML.jpg |
0.438941 | 0620b83d847648d793715833bf599f3b | Comparison of segmentation effect between DTVLoss function and TVLoss function | PMC10028784 | 500_2023_7991_Fig7_HTML.jpg |
0.444375 | 075b8be2dd614b378ee3e94c1f5a62af | Unenhanced CT images of emphysematous pyelonephritis. A. The coronally reformatted CT images demonstrated extensive gas within the renal parenchyma bilaterally (arrows) associated with bilateral perinephric fat stranding and gas within the left renal sinus (thick arrow).A Foley catheter was noted within the bladder (dashed arrow), with mild associated perivesical fat stranding. The mural thickening was not well visualized due to the lack of distention and absence of intravenous contrast.B. The axial CT image showed gas within the periphery of the renal parenchyma bilaterally (arrows) and in the left renal pelvis (thick arrow), along with perinephric fat stranding and thickening of Gerota's fascia (dashed arrow), secondary signs of inflammation. | PMC10029357 | gr1.jpg |
0.428864 | 68d8fc4fff0d4d649f5b62488c9926c9 | Representative images from both kidneys.A. Extensive abscesses filled with debris and air spaces surrounded by an intense neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate were present in the kidney cortex extending into the perirenal fat.B. Abundant neutrophils were present in the edematous interstitium, predominantly as polymorphonuclear (PMN) casts. Round and empty air space were present in the kidney parenchyma, with infarction and hemorrhage.C. Bacterial colonies responsible for creating the air spaces and associated hemorrhage were identified in a focus of abscess. Bacterial colonies (inset).D. An example of focal vasculitis showed neutrophils and mononuclear cell infiltration underneath the endothelial cells. | PMC10029357 | gr2.jpg |
0.549768 | fe3ab12362c84ca4bcbed5b7e5702bf4 | Representative Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-stained images from the non-affected kidney parenchyma. Diffuse acute tubular injury was seen, with loss of proximal tubule brush border, simplified tubular epithelium, and sloughed epithelial cells in tubular lumen.A. Several glomeruli exhibited diffuse thickening of the glomerular and tubular basement membranes and mesangial expansion without hypercellularity or nodular formation.B. There was mild-to-moderate atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis with mild-to-moderate intimal fibrosis and thickening of the arteriolar wall. | PMC10029357 | gr3.jpg |
0.416403 | 6d8f34458a324ca68193d4e358a6d3a6 | MmWave frequency spectrum band [12]. | PMC10030030 | pone.0283005.g001.jpg |
0.43027 | c2a13a1cb5f34bf7a20c89c842f838f0 | The channel sounder’s architecture. | PMC10030030 | pone.0283005.g002.jpg |
0.512063 | ae43822e64fc432d851203d887366e4f | The indoor corridor environment. | PMC10030030 | pone.0283005.g003.jpg |
0.420004 | e80f6135fc22419192f3fcee68ec6aee | The Tx setup. | PMC10030030 | pone.0283005.g004.jpg |
0.418347 | c75fa9afe646488692244f0fa46655d4 | The Rx setup. | PMC10030030 | pone.0283005.g005.jpg |
0.482431 | 0a9f604cd9cd4e61ab6b386224a144a0 | The setup of the Tx and the Rx in the indoor corridor environment. | PMC10030030 | pone.0283005.g006.jpg |
0.382472 | 3e8649ee38b243709b1ce0d3878d0b56 | Measurement environment floor plan. | PMC10030030 | pone.0283005.g007.jpg |
0.473868 | 4e4210367d8b4373b311221e0253f1df | PL versus (vs) distance at 28 GHz for the LOS scenario at (a) V-V polarization, (b) V-H polarization. | PMC10030030 | pone.0283005.g008.jpg |
0.432521 | 890ff61d74294b42873d124048c241e1 | PL vs distance at 38 GHz for the LOS scenario at (a) V-V polarization, (b) V-H polarization. | PMC10030030 | pone.0283005.g009.jpg |
0.443818 | 35da0f6e44e44751b4215f9c67b9d4ad | PL vs distance at 28 GHz for the NLOS scenario at (a) V-V polarization, (b) V-H polarization. | PMC10030030 | pone.0283005.g010.jpg |
0.429671 | a52ae24990ac4a7bb5aee311d6d2aaea | PL vs distance at 38 GHz for the NLOS scenario at (a) V-V polarization, (b) V-H polarization. | PMC10030030 | pone.0283005.g011.jpg |
0.402311 | d1150eddeb85440eba57346f62fad798 | PL vs distance at 28 GHz for the LOS scenario at (a) V-V polarization, (b) V-H polarization. | PMC10030030 | pone.0283005.g012.jpg |
0.412153 | c6582a49693f49a8b4997ebd4b112b82 | PL vs distance at 38 GHz for the LOS scenario at (a) V-V polarization, (b) V-H polarization. | PMC10030030 | pone.0283005.g013.jpg |
0.425887 | de1bcf4204154fafacda2b13e8fac0a4 | PL vs distance at 28 GHz for the NLOS scenario at (a) V-V polarization, (b) V-H polarization. | PMC10030030 | pone.0283005.g014.jpg |
0.424754 | 564d5d415aee4d649de8b1c8714d58ff | PL vs distance at 38 GHz for the NLOS scenario at (a) V-V polarization, (b) V-H polarization. | PMC10030030 | pone.0283005.g015.jpg |
0.402212 | 745ce28b41644e8a9c145ab5c699aabe | Study selection | PMC10030458 | gr1.jpg |
0.432946 | 38ee2482dcc44d2dbdcdc8e65fdc3dcd | Box plots of estimated country-specific, community-based measles case–fatality rates, by yearHorizontal lines represent the median case–fatality ratio, boxes represent the interquartile range, and the whiskers (thin lines) represent adjacent values that are (by convention) within 1·5 times the interquartile range. Dots represent patients outside of the adjacent values, known as outliers. The red line shows the case-weighted mean case–fatality ratio for low-income and middle-income countries, by year. | PMC10030458 | gr2.jpg |
0.501336 | 303af4c2a0084c158d2a6671b7da3ec4 | Estimated age-specific, community-based, case-weighted measles case–fatality ratio, by age, year, and locationShaded areas indicate the 95% CI. (A) Estimated age-specific, community-based, case-weighted measles case–fatality ratio for people aged 0–34 years, living in low-income and middle-income countries, for 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2019. (B) Estimated age-specific, community-based, case-weighted measles case–fatality ratio for people aged 0–34 years, for 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2019, by region. | PMC10030458 | gr3.jpg |
0.427424 | 6e00b35e07014f3c93f13513fc77608b | Overview of current treatment options and future directions in the early RRMM treatment landscape.The agents commonly used for treatment of patients with multiple myeloma in frontline and early relapsed/refractory settings are presented on the left (Current Treatments); agents being evaluated in clinical trials or entering the treatment space are described on the right (Future Directions). ADC antibody-drug conjugate, BCMA B-cell maturation antigen, CAR chimeric antigen receptor, CELMoD cereblon E3 ligase modulating drug, FcRH5 Fc receptor-homolog 5, GPRC5D G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5, mAb monoclonal antibody, MM multiple myeloma, RRMM relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, SLAMF7 SLAM family member 7. | PMC10030780 | 41408_2023_804_Fig1_HTML.jpg |
0.466901 | 4aef5232a4f549e3b82b87442403d8db | Scheme describing different phases of this study in identifying and evaluating candidate variants in genes involved in various DNA repair pathways. The diagram illustrates: (A) study phase I for identifying candidate variants by applying a candidate gene approach of known or putative DNA repair genes (see Table S2) on peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) DNA from familial ovarian cancer (OC) cases of French Canadians (FC) of Quebec by whole exome sequencing (WES) and bioinformatic analyses (see Table S1); (B) study phase II for determining the carrier frequencies of the topprioritized candidate variants in FC familial and sporadic OC and BC cases, including hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) syndrome and hereditary breast cancer (HBC) syndrome families, and population-matched controls by targeted genetic analyses (see Table S1); (C) study phase III for identifying additional carriers in FC OC cases by targeted genetic analyses (see Table S1); and (D) study phase IV for identifying candidate variants in the identified candidate DNA repair genes from phase I in non-FC OC cases, mainly of European origin, by targeted genetic analyses: (MIX, mixed ethnicity; AUS, Australian; and TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas) (see Table S1). Teal ribbon signifies women with OC and pink ribbon signifies women with BC, and diagrams contain the provincial flag of Quebec, Canada denoting the geographic ascertainment of cases and controls. MAF, Minor allele frequency; and VAF, Variant allele frequency. | PMC10030840 | fonc-13-1111191-g001.jpg |
0.440695 | 4876977495d54b1fafd83a7f5211793d | Pedigrees of index ovarian cancer cases harbouring candidate variants in DNA repair genes identified in phase I of the study. Selected top candidate variants were identified in 5 of 13 families having at least two or more OC cases. Anonymized pedigrees indicate carrier status of tested index case (arrow) and available family members denoted by plus (carrier) or minus (not a carrier) signs. All Index cases (arrow) were subjected to whole exome sequencing analyses (WES). All carriers were found in a heterozygous state. Age in years is shown at cancer diagnosis and death where applicable. Superscript C denotes histological subtypes that were confirmed by pathology reports or death certificates. | PMC10030840 | fonc-13-1111191-g002.jpg |
0.401091 | 680d253c1c174e969f0118b0513bb1cb | Loss of heterozygosity analyses of candidate genes loci. Sanger sequencing chromatograms showing loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analyses of the candidate variants (see Table S7), in genomic peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) DNA, ovarian tumour tissue DNA from carriers of (A)
NEIL1 c.248G>T; p.Gly83Asp (PT0171); (B)
NTHL1 c.244C>T; p.Gln82Ter (PT0160); and (C)
ERCC5 c.2556A>G; p.Ile852Met (PT0136). Each variant is indicated by an arrow. One example of such genetic event per candidate variant carrier is shown. | PMC10030840 | fonc-13-1111191-g003.jpg |
0.425902 | a031985a95694c5da335017022e64236 | Location of candidate variants in NTHL1, EXO1, FANCC, ERCC5 and NEIL1 identified in all study groups. The coding regions and protein domains of candidate genes NTHL1 (NM_002528.7), EXO1 (NM_130398.4), FANCC (NM_000136.3), ERCC5 (NM_000123.4) and NEIL1 (NM_024608.4), based on NCBI RefSeq transcripts (tark.ensembl.org/web/manelist/) (103), were annotated for the location of candidate variants. Variants classified as PV or LPV are bolded and those identified in French Canadian ovarian cancer cases each are indicated with an arrow. | PMC10030840 | fonc-13-1111191-g004.jpg |
0.423619 | f83f075543ee4b50b590854ce726af23 | Stability PV before load model (a) and PV after load model (b) Trinitaria area. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig10_HTML.jpg |
0.521881 | 3e5d834a4138436a8de697b4b3f2bf17 | Stability PV before load model (a) and PV after load model (b) Caraguay 69 kV bus. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig11_HTML.jpg |
0.540293 | eeed1d6daee54ac6a4f5d7ab7bfbaf4d | Stability PV before load model (a) and PV after load model (b) Nueva Prosperina 69 kV bus. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig12_HTML.jpg |
0.503385 | 69718dd4893a4e908edbfb511f0b318f | Stability PV before load model (a) and PV after load model (b) Nueva Prosperina 69 kV bus. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig13_HTML.jpg |
0.504985 | b41c21d92df84bc9a9c3048b83895e67 | Stability PV before load model (a) and PV after load model (b) Nueva Electroquil 69 kV bus. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig14_HTML.jpg |
0.486666 | c9f8b76a892a489aa161a2cd850c5710 | Stability PV before load model (a) and PV after load model (b) Salitral 69 kV bus. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig15_HTML.jpg |
0.513408 | f6fe216e668c42b3ad04c282bd0b247a | Stability PV before load model (a) and PV after load model (b) Policentro 69 kV bus. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig16_HTML.jpg |
0.473147 | 4ff27981adad40fa9736b59eeace5c0b | Stability PV before load model (a) and PV after load model (b) Pascuales 69 kV bus. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig17_HTML.jpg |
0.483397 | c85a94714c42428f9a64d2b52949b11d | Instant current, voltage, and power. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig18_HTML.jpg |
0.411388 | 1ef640b326a742ac854b372734c2f020 | Voltage variation (a) and Power variation (b) during a disturbance at Policentro bus. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig19_HTML.jpg |
0.425709 | 185d345ed4684c58b13347fcdff09582 | Google Earth oblique image of Translectric substations entry points to Guayaquil20. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig1_HTML.jpg |
0.442523 | 16d0a8acc2394a56ace4449c448a9a00 | Policentro bus point selection for voltage studies (a) and Power studies (b). | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig20_HTML.jpg |
0.423434 | 06b5b7cc89eb42e29d3296dc21f5a096 | Policentro Instant power at the output (a) and RMS values of active demand power (b). | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig21_HTML.jpg |
0.459808 | fe00f5d9d8b947cfa96677b99a277803 | Effective values of tension. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig22_HTML.jpg |
0.420875 | a99b1b1ee4af4a569f6a35f2006d62df | Voltage disturbance (a) and point selection (b). | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig23_HTML.jpg |
0.509576 | dbf885f06b5646a4b389d249da34f348 | Superposition of voltage and current signals at the Policentro substation. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig2_HTML.jpg |
0.428271 | b63671afb80f4cae9e9ac807466acb17 | Phase difference between the voltage and current waves. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig3_HTML.jpg |
0.535595 | aa1d5b842fbf41a89c8af760d7d41075 | Policentro static (generic) load model representation. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig4_HTML.jpg |
0.529278 | 15eb1a6f7af74d14989496223725f1d4 | Pascuales static (general) load model representation. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig5_HTML.jpg |
0.545297 | a3b259089e3442dab11b4144564825c1 | Caraguay static (general) load model representation. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig6_HTML.jpg |
0.598445 | f2fc5ee8731f45a99070e86065a2df79 | Nueva Prosperina static (general) load model representation. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig7_HTML.jpg |
0.542187 | 25710656563f4d128483427afd14b8f1 | Salitral static (general) load model representation. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig8_HTML.jpg |
0.536438 | a57a0af402824c319a489e47683391e5 | Trinitaria static (general) load model representation. | PMC10030858 | 41598_2023_31451_Fig9_HTML.jpg |
0.474221 | d92197d2260e4b2b93d85d9dc6adec38 | Regional, total and gender adult unemployment rate 2019 (MENA and others). Source: World Bank (2020) version. MENA countries included for investigation consist of Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen | PMC10031172 | 13132_2023_1260_Fig1_HTML.jpg |
0.437825 | 5d5f255ab91a4a2b93378fb234994e4b | Regional, total and gender youth unemployment rate 2019 (MENA and others). Source: World Bank (2020). MENA countries included for investigation consist of Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen | PMC10031172 | 13132_2023_1260_Fig2_HTML.jpg |
0.390584 | a92f33ac21a04edf8d4a6bf7451f4a41 | Regional domestic credit to private sector—% of GDP (MENA and other). Source: World Bank (2020). MENA countries included for investigation consist of Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen | PMC10031172 | 13132_2023_1260_Fig3_HTML.jpg |
0.427612 | 2d9796bae5f84fee9e499fcbdb4a95d2 | Flow chart of the study. CHD, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease; GID, gastrointestinal disease; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention | PMC10031942 | 13063_2023_7236_Fig1_HTML.jpg |
0.418715 | 73a09e233cf7470c8e7df54f4c02b4cd | Flow diagram of study participants. Flow diagram of children enrolled in the study and followed for 4 years. *Children initially enrolled as symptomatic control are clinically checked throughout the study and if there is a clinical suspicion of tuberculosis can move to the TB cases group. TB: Tuberculosis; QoL: Quality of life | PMC10032249 | 12890_2023_2329_Fig1_HTML.jpg |
0.488332 | 038b9729b35540b8a4fc6dc36f20758d | Influence of tip shape.Non-reciprocity of the retrapping currents (ΔIre = |Ire,+| − |Ire,−|) for Cr and Pb (a) and Mn and Pb (b) junctions as measured with different tips. Pb junctions have symmetric retrapping currents, whereas Cr and Mn junctions show non-reciprocity of the retrapping current. The precise value of the asymmetry varies between different tips, but the sign of the asymmetry is consistently opposite for Cr and Mn. The (high-voltage) junction conductances GN were set between 20 and 50 μS at 10 mV. GPD was determined from individual V–I sweeps as described in Methods. The asymmetry was derived from Isw and Ire after averaging over 100 sweeps. | PMC10033399 | 41586_2023_5743_Fig10_ESM.jpg |
0.520815 | 60d965837bc84ac791031a3877c91fa0 | Modelling of the non-reciprocity within the RCSJ model.|V| − |I| traces corresponding to the simulations in Fig. 4. This close-up view brings out the strong asymmetry of the retrapping current and includes the asymmetry of the switching currents. Traces are shown for quasiparticle currents extracted from measurements on Pb (grey), Cr (blue) and Mn (red). As shown by the histograms in Extended Data Fig. 8, the asymmetry in the switching current is largely owing to statistical fluctuations between different current ramps. Thus, the underlying non-reciprocity in the switching current is actually considerably smaller than the asymmetry shown in this particular trace. | PMC10033399 | 41586_2023_5743_Fig11_ESM.jpg |
0.42957 | ae91914324ec42cd99e59b382fdeaa33 | Statistics of switching and retrapping currents (theoretical simulations based on I–V measurements).a–c, Histograms of absolute values of switching and retrapping currents for the two bias directions, as extracted from individual V–I curves from simulation of equation (7) with Iqp(V) obtained from experimental I–V curves of a Pb (a), Cr (b) and Mn (c) junction at GN = 50 μS (compare Fig. 3f as well as equation (9) and corresponding text). Each histogram includes data extracted from 100 sweeps for each current direction. For parameters, see text below equation (7). | PMC10033399 | 41586_2023_5743_Fig12_ESM.jpg |
0.38326 | 3e489bf22ccd40229dfe3e515873e1bd | Simulated statistics of switching and retrapping currents with symmetric quasiparticle current and asymmetric current–phase relation.Histograms of absolute values of switching and retrapping currents for the two bias directions, as extracted from individual V–I curves in simulations of equation (7). Iqp(V) is obtained from experimental I–V curves of a Pb junction at GN = 50 μS. The asymmetric current–phase relation is given in equation (8). Each histogram includes data extracted from 98 sweeps for each current direction. Other parameters as in Extended Data Fig. 8. | PMC10033399 | 41586_2023_5743_Fig13_ESM.jpg |
0.439462 | 346245b29778406c85ac85b833c7b306 | Single-atom Josephson junctions including Pb, Mn and Cr atoms.a, Sketch of STM-based Josephson junction including a single atom. Inset, STM topography of a Pb(111) surface with individual Pb, Mn and Cr adatoms (coloured circles); scanning parameters: 50 mV, 50 pA. Scale bar, 3 nm. b–d, V–I curves of current-biased Pb–Pb junctions including a Pb (b), Cr (c) and Mn (d) atom, measured at a normal-state conductance of GN = 50 μS. Sweep directions are indicated by black arrows and switching and retrapping events by blue and green dots, respectively. The slope at small currents (inverse of the phase-diffusion conductance GPD) is marked by a yellow dashed line. | PMC10033399 | 41586_2023_5743_Fig1_HTML.jpg |
0.424476 | 778c6146e5334a62b154ad1f436a64ae | Non-reciprocity of switching and retrapping currents versus junction transparency.a,b, Absolute values of retrapping and switching currents as extracted from V–I curves for Cr (a) and Mn (b) junctions. Each data point averages over 100 sweeps recorded during longer measurement series started at normal-state conductances between 25 μS and 50 μS (a) and 20 μS and 50 μS (b) at 10 mV. Error bars indicate the standard deviation of the average values. Although piezoelectric creep slowly changes GPD (determined for each individual sweep), GPD remains essentially constant for the sweeps entering into a single data point (see Methods for details). Positive/negative current bias is indicated by dark/bright colours and labelled as Cr+/Cr− and Mn+/Mn−. Panels include data from several measurement times with different samples and tips to highlight the robustness of the effect, apart from small variations in the noise characteristics. c, Asymmetry ΔIre = |Ire,+| − |Ire,−| of the retrapping current for single-atom Cr, Mn and Pb junctions. Pb junctions exhibit symmetric retrapping currents, whereas Cr and Mn atoms show non-reciprocities of opposite sign. | PMC10033399 | 41586_2023_5743_Fig2_HTML.jpg |
0.485077 | ebfb633cee3548eba6c265db522f126c | YSR states as origin of non-reciprocity.a,b, Voltage-biased differential conductance spectra of Cr (a) and Mn (b) at a normal-state conductance of GN = 0.125 μS. (Conductance set at 500 pA, 4 mV, lock-in modulation Vrms = 15 μV). The superconducting energy gap of the tip (Δ) is marked by dashed lines. Reference spectra of Pb are shown in grey. YSR states are labelled as α, β and γ. The YSR states are symmetric in energy about zero bias but asymmetric in intensity owing to electron–hole asymmetry. c,d, dI/dV spectra of the same atoms as in a and b measured at GN = 50 μS. (Conductance set at 500 nA, 10 mV, lock-in modulation Vrms = 15 μV). These spectra show a zero-bias Josephson peak as well as several Andreev reflections with and without exciting YSR states. Owing to the electron–hole asymmetry of the YSR states, the spectra exhibit intensities that are distinctly asymmetric about zero bias. e, Sketch of washboard potential (blue line) and friction (roughness of grey background) controlling the dynamics of a current-biased Josephson junction as represented by a phase particle (black spheres). The phase particle can be trapped in a minimum characterized by Josephson energy EJ and plasma frequency ωp (trapped state) or slide down the washboard potential (running state). Non-reciprocal behaviour originates with friction, which depends on bias direction, as indicated by the different grey textures. f, Current–voltage characteristics of voltage-biased Mn and Cr Josephson junctions for positive (+)/negative (−) voltages at GN = 50 μS. The Cr junctions show a larger current magnitude at positive than at negative bias. The situation is opposite for Mn junctions. | PMC10033399 | 41586_2023_5743_Fig3_HTML.jpg |
0.527048 | 1042f5ba85c8436688dc09e5a082cdfe | Modelling of non-reciprocity within the RCSJ model.Simulated hysteretic V–I traces based on the extended RCSJ model, accounting for asymmetric as well as frequency-dependent friction. Traces for Pb (grey), Cr (blue) and Mn (red) use the non-ohmic quasiparticle current Id(V) as extracted from the corresponding experimental data in Fig. 3c,d as input. All other model parameters (see Methods) are identical to highlight the effect of asymmetric friction. Inset, |V|−|I| traces over a smaller range of bias currents using the same data as in the main panel to bring out the asymmetry, showing only the retrapping currents. Solid (dashed) lines correspond to positive (negative) current bias, with colour coding as in the main panel. | PMC10033399 | 41586_2023_5743_Fig4_HTML.jpg |
0.44625 | 3489373526e64da3a37d052427a8b9ff | Statistics of switching and retrapping currents for single-atom Josephson junctions.a–c, Histograms of absolute values of switching and retrapping currents for the two bias directions, as extracted from individual V–I curves for Pb (a), Cr (b) and Mn (c) junctions. The histograms in a and c include data extracted from 500 sweeps and b includes 2,000 sweeps for each current direction. The junction conductances GN were set at 10 mV to 50 μS. The distributions of switching and retrapping currents arise from the stochastic nature of switching and retrapping events, and are further broadened by piezoelectric creep while taking the 500 to 2,000 sweeps (see Extended Data Figs. 2–4 for histograms without this extra broadening). | PMC10033399 | 41586_2023_5743_Fig5_ESM.jpg |
0.409863 | 69200316022944d9a600bfa20d692f99 | Evolution of histograms with GPD for a Pb junction.The grey histograms (background) are extracted for switching (a,b) and retrapping (c,d) currents from 2,000 individual V–I curves, recorded after setting the junction to a (high-voltage) conductance of GN = 50 μS. The positive-bias (a) and negative-bias (b) switching currents were divided into bins of 100 sweeps each (blue histograms). The same procedure was implemented for positive-bias (c) and negative-bias (d) retrapping currents (green histograms). Every other histogram is omitted for clarity. GPD varies owing to piezoelectric drift. Its average value is indicated for each of the histograms. The piezoelectric drift to larger GPD over the course of the measurement is reflected in shifts to higher absolute values of switching and retrapping currents. Note that these data were recorded with a different tip to those in Extended Data Fig. 1. | PMC10033399 | 41586_2023_5743_Fig6_ESM.jpg |
0.414767 | 69d6ddb7838f4463b18eb27c23433b92 | Evolution of histograms with GPD for a Cr junction.The grey histograms (background) are extracted for switching (a,b) and retrapping (c,d) currents from 2,000 individual V–I curves, recorded after setting the junction to a (high-voltage) conductance of GN = 50 μS. The positive-bias (a) and negative-bias (b) switching currents were divided into bins of 100 sweeps each (blue histograms). The same procedure was implemented for positive-bias (c) and negative-bias (d) retrapping currents (green histograms). Every other histogram is omitted for clarity. GPD varies owing to piezoelectric drift. Its average value is indicated for each of the histograms. The piezoelectric drift to larger GPD over the course of the measurement is reflected in shifts to higher absolute values of switching and retrapping currents. | PMC10033399 | 41586_2023_5743_Fig7_ESM.jpg |
0.448851 | 24c8846e8fd24c5ba2f120676ac47139 | Evolution of histograms with GPD for a Mn junction.The grey histograms (background) are extracted for switching (a,b) and retrapping (c,d) currents from 500 individual V–I curves, recorded after setting the junction to a (high-voltage) conductance of GN = 50 μS. The positive-bias (a) and negative-bias (b) switching currents were divided into bins of 100 sweeps each (blue histograms). The same procedure was implemented for positive-bias (c) and negative-bias (d) retrapping currents (green histograms). GPD varies owing to piezoelectric drift. Its average value is indicated for each of the histograms. The piezoelectric drift to larger GPD as well as the shifts to higher absolute values of switching and retrapping currents are less pronounced than in Extended Data Fig. 2, as the time of measurement was much shorter. | PMC10033399 | 41586_2023_5743_Fig8_ESM.jpg |
0.500299 | 6bf33dcd829e4771988ac4b81570a74c | Comparison of switching currents for the Cr and Mn junctions with the reference data for Pb junctions.a, Extracted positive and negative switching currents for Cr and Pb junctions with normal-state conductances GN between 20 and 50 μS. The data were acquired with the same tip and under similar measurement conditions. b, Extracted positive and negative switching currents for Mn and Pb junctions with normal-state conductances GN between 20 and 50 μS. The switching current depends linearly on GPD, with the same slope for magnetic and non-magnetic atoms, provided data are taken under corresponding measurement conditions. | PMC10033399 | 41586_2023_5743_Fig9_ESM.jpg |
0.480852 | 59e772b9d3ab4afba031ac8313dc420f | Prostaglandins biosynthesis pathway. Cyclooxygenases (COX) metabolize arachidonic acid first to prostaglandin G2 (PGG2) and then to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2). COX1 and 2 are targeted by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which block the synthesis of prostaglandins. PGH2 is converted to prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin I2 (PGI2), prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) by respective synthases. Each prostaglandin binds to specific receptors, which are members of the G protein-coupled receptor (GCPR) superfamily of seven transmembrane proteins, activating different downstream signaling pathways. cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate, IP3 inositol triphosphate. | PMC10033690 | 41598_2023_31603_Fig1_HTML.jpg |
0.46635 | 51ab835f957a4895aabe6c4ea72d7f39 | Most prostaglandin studies have not been analyzed with sex as a biological variable. (A) Line plot showing the inclusion of male, female or both sexes in pre-clinical studies from 1973 to 2020 and the number of studies that have been analyzed separated by sex (red line). (B) Pie charts showing the overall percentage of pre-clinical studies that include male, female or both sexes from 1973 to 2020. (C) Line plot showing the inclusion of male, female or both sexes in clinical studies from 1969 to 2020, including the studies that have analyzed the data separated by sex (red line). (D) Pie charts showing the overall percentage of clinical studies that include male, female or both sexes from 1969 to 2020. Note: studies where the sex of animals/subjects is not clear or specified are not shown in the line plots, please refer to supplementary files 1–4. | PMC10033690 | 41598_2023_31603_Fig2_HTML.jpg |
0.393167 | 756f6fb440c0428b974f65eee6d3cb07 | PTGDS is expressed in human DRG neurons. (A) Confocal images show co-localization of PTGDS (red) and neuronal marker peripherin (PRPH, green). Cell nuclei are labelled with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 50 µm. (B) Expression of PTGDS in female (left) and male (right) DRG neurons. Scale bar = 200 µm. (C) PTGDS has higher expression in female DRG neurons compared to male DRGs (Unpaired t test with Welch’s correction, t = 11.08, df = 4299, p-value < 0.0001). ****p-value < 0.0001. Signal intensity was normalized by the area of the neurons. Data from donor #12 was excluded (post-menopause, 61-year-old female). In total 6813 neurons were analyzed (2920 from 5 female DRG samples and 3893 from 6 male DRG samples). | PMC10033690 | 41598_2023_31603_Fig3_HTML.jpg |
0.505332 | 0e90c901f57d4c69b3cffe93ab00be0c | PGD2 receptor, DP1, is expressed in cells surrounding human DRG neurons. DP1 (red) is co-localized with SOX10+ (green) cells in human DRG. Cell nuclei are labelled with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 50 μm. | PMC10033690 | 41598_2023_31603_Fig4_HTML.jpg |
0.452737 | 41e51fc9fe86457785313cfcc67a5d15 | Semi-systematic review of articles retrieved on PubMed. (A) Workflow of pre-clinical studies identified through PubMed. (B) Workflow of clinical studies identified through PubMed. | PMC10033690 | 41598_2023_31603_Fig5_HTML.jpg |
0.430125 | 1c83a57f894f43b48b33c79f51880251 | Location of the study (designated by the star) against a map showing the declining levels of the Ogallala Aquifer from the period before the aquifer was drawn down (circa 1950) to 2015 (NOAA, 2019). | PMC10034034 | fpls-14-1149424-g001.jpg |
0.463675 | cc5e5e23fab74ee39098ba85d097327f | Plot plan for the two-year cotton study- the W-SW half of field was cropped from 310° to 140° in 2021, and the N-NE half of field was cropped from 130°-316° for the 2022 growing season. | PMC10034034 | fpls-14-1149424-g002.jpg |
0.425314 | 88da987bfc7145abb5484371389def98 | Summary of: (A) decision making algorithm used in the ISSCADA system, and (B)
iCWSI map built from the Aug 9, 2021, scan showing qualitative information from soil water sensing stations, and prescription watering map built from data captured during the scan. | PMC10034034 | fpls-14-1149424-g003.jpg |
0.517388 | 8b026bd77fa74001bccbc5c88f358478 | Mean plant heights and growth stage observations for the 2021 growing season (left); and the 2022 growing season (right), for the manual (M), ISSCADA-plant feedback (C), and the ISSCADA-hybrid (H) method. | PMC10034034 | fpls-14-1149424-g004.jpg |
0.444171 | d6336a10dcb342ab810c333551a84df9 | Material classification tree divided into four different levels with consecutively more details of the material. | PMC10034426 | gr1.jpg |
0.4035 | e1fb9dec64c440e3aadfa1a5f5be52e1 | Measurement setup with time-of-flight camera and a data recording computer. The incident angle θ ist adjusted on both sides manually. | PMC10034426 | gr2.jpg |
0.398022 | 62cecb0a9bbb4fa39acc74e164f06467 | The time-of-flight camera's intensity picture of the material sample "fabric_cotton_white_1" at incidence angle θ=70°. The color scale on the right shows the intensity values whereas the left and lower axes give the pixel number. | PMC10034426 | gr3.jpg |
0.411062 | 21ca8a68d0624141b3eff587548bb5fb | The time-of-flight camera's distance picture of the material sample "fabric_cotton_white_1" at incidence angle θ=70°. The color scale on the right shows the intensity values whereas the left and lower axes give the pixel number. | PMC10034426 | gr4.jpg |
0.461959 | a0d24bade17743e78fd766c8797e83b7 | Expert and non-expert opinions about a true length. | PMC10034431 | gr1.jpg |
0.450019 | fadc9273a6bd4e2d80979536e24c72da | ψ vs. Nsr, PCP. | PMC10034431 | gr10.jpg |
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