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0.41638 | 2c5a783c48274163ac58b41c5a4f2463 | Flotation of fine coal in the absence and presence of polymeric surfactants. | PMC9400654 | d2ra02861a-f2.jpg |
0.48981 | d7dc854717c143afb2fc75cb33181311 | Chemical pre-treatment using benzidine. | PMC9400654 | d2ra02861a-f3.jpg |
0.497666 | 94e95f8d42fd42df81ee36ec06d095dd | Structure of SCG (sodium cocoyl glycinate). | PMC9400654 | d2ra02861a-f4.jpg |
0.487861 | 596c23a278784dd0bd17adcdc5037554 | Adsorption of SCG and kerosene. This figure is reproduce from ref. 62 with permission from Elsevier, Copyright 2022. | PMC9400654 | d2ra02861a-f5.jpg |
0.513328 | aa5bd449edaf4cb7b9bdbd94e5d56894 | Graphical representation of different attachment times. This figure is reproduced from ref. 62 with permission from Elsevier, Copyright 2022. | PMC9400654 | d2ra02861a-f6.jpg |
0.526146 | 06b12e77dfdd45c99f3ee719e61fc083 | Structure of surfactin. This figure is reproduced from ref. 70 with permission from MDPI, Copyright 2015. | PMC9400654 | d2ra02861a-f7.jpg |
0.434107 | ca7475356fa44f078904a2a958c52f99 | Structure of dodecyl trimethylammonium bromide (DTAB). This figure is reproduced from ref. 72 with permission from Springer Nature, Copyright 2019. | PMC9400654 | d2ra02861a-f8.jpg |
0.478277 | 5ef5dc4ce4884e8babfc09284464691d | (a) % clean coal yield using different amounts of microemulsion dosage and (b) % ash content at different dosages of microemulsion. This figure is reproduced from ref. 71 with permission from Elsevier, Copyright 2020. | PMC9400654 | d2ra02861a-f9.jpg |
0.437295 | 125b8a2e1e7747568f43a3945063adaa | Identification of the modules associated with the clinical features of COPD. (a) Analysis of the scale-free fit index for various soft-thresholding powers (β). (b) Analysis of the mean connectivity for various soft-thresholding powers. (c) Heatmap of the correlation between module eigengenes and clinical traits of COPD. (d) Dendrogram based on a dissimilarity measure (1-TOM). | PMC9402374 | JO2022-4254195.001.jpg |
0.388418 | 5c83b3057c464d70ba3b084926eab8b9 | Enriched biological functions and pathways associated with the module genes. (a) Gene enrichment in tumor-associated pathways. (b) Gene enrichment in biological processes. (c) Gene enrichment in molecular functions. (d) Gene enrichment in cellular components. | PMC9402374 | JO2022-4254195.002.jpg |
0.450519 | 8998172f66f44a5092ebb93c3398f347 | Selection of the optimal tuning parameter lambda using the Lasso model. (a) Trajectory of each independent variable; the horizontal axis represents the log value of the independent variable lambda, and the vertical axis represents the coefficient of the independent variable. (b) Confidence intervals for each lambda. (c) Distribution of the Kaplan–Meier survival curves of the gene signature in the training set. (d) RiskScore, time to live, survival status, and gene signature expression in TCGA training set. (e) ROC curves and AUC of the gene signature classification. | PMC9402374 | JO2022-4254195.003.jpg |
0.389839 | 85f327ecbda74241a4beef893fdd593f | RiskScore performance in the different cohorts. (a) Distribution of the Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival curves of the gene signature in the test set. (b) RiskScore, time to live (TTL), survival status, and gene signature expression in the test set. (c) ROC curves and AUC of the gene signature in the test set. (d) Distribution of the KM survival curves of the gene signature in the full set. (g) Distribution of the KM survival curves of the gene signature in the GSE37745 cohort; (h) RiskScore, TTL, survival status, and gene signature expression in the GSE37745 cohort; (i) ROC curves and AUC of the model in the GSE37745 cohort. | PMC9402374 | JO2022-4254195.004.jpg |
0.479361 | 24aa7f4eac744548990555e3a06b68e3 | The RiskScore performance in the training cohort with clinical indicators (A–L): The survival plot of OS with clinical variables including age, sex, M-stage, N-stage, T-stage, and stage. | PMC9402374 | JO2022-4254195.005.jpg |
0.431831 | d6040d3f8db64cb49d598e662a81611d | Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses for OS in TCGA training cohort. | PMC9402374 | JO2022-4254195.006.jpg |
0.417769 | 43afc8af71874253a4fd361a77b3cb2a | (a) Nomogram predicting the 3-year and 5-year survival. (b) Calibration curves for the 3-year and 5-year survival. The curves depict the calibration of each model based on the agreement between the predicted probabilities and observed outcomes in the training set. (c) Decision curve analysis of the nomogram for 3-year and 5-year survival. | PMC9402374 | JO2022-4254195.007.jpg |
0.432496 | 08423c35cd944859905465def8c0912b | Correlation between the expression and pathways of the core genes. (a–e) Gene expression in the HPA database. (f) Differences in the expression of the six genes in the GSE31446 cohort. (g) Differences in the expression of the six genes in TCGA cohort. (h–m) GSEA of the six genes. | PMC9402374 | JO2022-4254195.008.jpg |
0.423929 | a22a688d363a4baf9516c7c4540e499f | The literature screening process. | PMC9402382 | JHE2022-9419037.001.jpg |
0.471396 | d98e32283a6c4c16961e9ef7ec6c44ea | The network relationship of TCEs for essential hypertension. PS: TJQ, Taijiquan; BDJ, Baduanjin; WQX, Wuqinxi; YJJ, Yijinjing; CG, control group. | PMC9402382 | JHE2022-9419037.002.jpg |
0.437706 | 128c043639814097a57eb5dfc44874bd | The probability ranking of TCEs for essential hypertension on SBP score. PS: TJQ, Taijiquan; BDJ, Baduanjin; WQX, Wuqinxi; YJJ, Yijinjing; CG, control group. | PMC9402382 | JHE2022-9419037.003.jpg |
0.426242 | 45f6dc8891d94368b675f3af67c021eb | The probability ranking of TCEs for essential hypertension on DBP score. PS: TJQ, Taijiquan; BDJ, Baduanjin; WQX, Wuqinxi; YJJ, Yijinjing; CG, control group. | PMC9402382 | JHE2022-9419037.004.jpg |
0.41641 | 7b3c5465c3df45e49239c9d4fd9b7879 | Establishment of fractionated radiation-induced GIM model in SD rats. (A) Body weight changes of irradiated and non-irradiated SD rats. Eight-week-old SD rats received five fractions of 4-Gy radiation on their abdomen. The rats were weighed and recorded daily. (B) Diarrhea scores of irradiated SD rats. The animals were monitored daily for the presence and degree of diarrhea and given a score according to the scheme. (C) Overlay of body weight change and diarrhea scores of irradiated SD rats. (D, E) Representative images of H & E-stained jejunum (D) and colon (E) sections during GIM. The intestines were collected from irradiated rats on days 8, 11, and 15 and embedded in paraffin for H & E staining. Data are presented as mean ± SD. | PMC9403047 | fonc-12-929735-g001.jpg |
0.426353 | 8cdadcc01c984bbea41d5bbce4c7069a | Administration of CKI reduces the severity of radiation-induced GIM. (A) Schematic representation of the experimental timeline. (B) Diarrhea scores of irradiated SD rats. Rats received five fractions of radiation on their abdomen and were concurrently treated with CKI or vehicle control. (C) Weight of the intestines of irradiated rats on day 7 (left) and day 11 (right). Rats were euthanized on day 7 and day 11 post initial irradiation and small and large intestines were collected and weighed. Data are presented as mean ± SD. | PMC9403047 | fonc-12-929735-g002.jpg |
0.41431 | ab66d7a652264dfa9cccaee1faad069f | Administration of CKI reduces radiation-induced mucosal damage. (A, B) Representative images of H & E-stained jejunum (A) and colon (B) sections from day 7. The intestines were collected from irradiated rats and paraffin-embedded tissues were sectioned and stained with H & E. (C) Radiation injury scores of irradiated intestinal mucosa. The stained sections were analyzed and scored for grade of injury and inflammation as described in Materials and Methods. Data are presented as mean ± SD. | PMC9403047 | fonc-12-929735-g003.jpg |
0.45088 | 8d6e64f604b8409dbd096b8e3aad99fb | Administration of CKI prevents cell apoptosis in irradiated epithelia. (A) Representative IHC images of jejunum sections stained for Caspase-3. The jejunum sections were collected from irradiated rats on day 7 post initial irradiation and paraffin-embedded tissues were sectioned for IHC detection of Caspase-3. (B) Average number of Caspase-3-positive cells per crypt. The stained sections of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon were analyzed and the number of Caspase-3-positive cells and crypts was counted in each field of view to calculate the average number of Caspase-3-positive cells per crypt. Data are shown as mean ± SD. | PMC9403047 | fonc-12-929735-g004.jpg |
0.459226 | 82984bce0ad24683b783939cf952d444 | CKI administration reduces the levels of inflammatory factors in irradiated mucosa. (A) Number of MPO-positive cells in the irradiated intestine. (B, C) Levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β (B) and IL-6 (C) in the irradiated intestine. The intestines were collected from irradiated rats with or without CKI treatment on day 7 and 11 post irradiation and paraffin-embedded tissues were sectioned for IHC detection of inflammatory factors. Data are presented as mean ± SD. | PMC9403047 | fonc-12-929735-g005.jpg |
0.436374 | f011cc491fba47edaf75949034f84050 | Reconstructed metabolic pathways of SCFA synthesis in reference HGM genomes. (A) Butyrate synthesis, (B) Propionate synthesis, (C) Acetate, Formate and Lactate synthesis. Enzymes are shown by colored boxes with indicated Enzyme Commission (EC) numbers with detailed functional roles described in Supplementary Table S1. Alternative biochemical pathways for butyrate and propionate synthesis are highlighted by different colors. Shared biochemical routes for conversion of crotonoyl-CoA to butyrate are in dark brown boxes. Central carbon metabolism metabolites and amino acids serving as substrates for acid fermentation pathways are circled; final fermentation products are in red.. | PMC9403272 | fmolb-09-949563-g001.jpg |
0.443085 | d6652f1a85f14d2ba9bab5eef6421872 | Distribution of Community Phenotype Indices (CPI) for SCFAs and lactate in HGM 16S samples from AGP, UKT and Hadza datasets. Box plots with the median values show distribution of CPI values calculated for each 16S sample. Each CPI value corresponds to the relative abundance of bacterial 16S reads possessing predicted metabolic capability to produce a SCFA. | PMC9403272 | fmolb-09-949563-g002.jpg |
0.39521 | d1fc25a8cd574924ba49c978e1ab850e | Relationship between Community Phenotype Indices (CPI) and Alpha Diversity (AD) for the UKT dataset. Samples are grouped together based on their AD values calculated using Faith phylogenetic diversity metric. | PMC9403272 | fmolb-09-949563-g003.jpg |
0.474264 | 79f55f4758b7498ab3a6f085bf552f03 | Distribution of Community Phenotype Indices (CPI) for SCFAs and lactate in HGM 16S samples from the TEDDY dataset among two age groups of children. | PMC9403272 | fmolb-09-949563-g004.jpg |
0.444395 | 473e06faf7234519bbda9aa48d2fc633 |
Linear discriminant analysis with effect size (LEfSe) for butyrate producers in HGM samples from young children of different age groups in the TEDDY study. (A) The LEfSe analysis was performed on taxonomic abundances of Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) representing predicted butyrate producers in each sample. LDA score plot includes top taxonomic species corresponding to the most discriminative butyrate producers between two age groups of children. (B) and (C) Boxplots of relative abundances of the most dominant butyrate producing species in HGM samples from children in different age groups. | PMC9403272 | fmolb-09-949563-g005.jpg |
0.491217 | 7b1dc696e75447afb73c79003753c739 | Correlations between Community Phenotype Indices (CPI) for butyrate and propionate production and the experimentally measured concentrations of SCFAs in 16S metagenomics studies of HGM. (A)
In vivo study of the effects of dietary fibers on fecal microbiota of 200 healthy individuals (Deehan et al., 2020). (B)
In vitro batch fermentation study of the effect of fibers on HGM microbiota (Chen M. et al., 2020). (C) Study of the effects of dietary emulsifiers on fecal microbiota in vitro (Elmén et al., 2020). | PMC9403272 | fmolb-09-949563-g006.jpg |
0.513376 | c0f68c1e01a24ca9be41c37b972afdec | Distribution of metagenomic abundances for SCFA synthesis pathways in HGM samples from TEDDY (A) and IBD (B) datasets. Pathway abundances were calculated as a sum of TMM-normalized counts for selected signature genes in each SCFA pathway (see Supplementary Table S6). | PMC9403272 | fmolb-09-949563-g007.jpg |
0.404433 | 91a5d2ee32004280804819943b8ea35d | Metabolic pathways and cross-feeding mechanisms for SCFA production by HGM bacteria. Terminal SCFAs and lactate are in green. Dietary nutrients and core metabolic precursors are in black and red, respectively. Microbial SCFA fermentation pathways analyzed in this work are shown by red arrows. Carbohydrate catabolic pathways are in black. Wood-Ljungdahl pathway is in blue. Absorption of terminal SCFAs by intestinal epithelial cells is shown by thick green arrows. Cross-feeding interactions between HGM members are shown by thick orange arrows. | PMC9403272 | fmolb-09-949563-g008.jpg |
0.383971 | 10b6cc32adf747c996f7f9b57970bbf3 | Schematic Diagram of the Overall Flow of the Study. (A) Identification of DLBCL-associated necroptosis-related clusters and immune infiltration analysis. (B) Identification of differential expression genes in necroptosis-related clusters. (C) Construction and validation of a gene prognostic model and the evaluation of prognostic performance. | PMC9403718 | fgene-13-911443-g001.jpg |
0.42846 | eb531249652649c190b13b005fd1c77e | Identification of necroptosis-related clusters and clinical correlation analysis. (A) Risk ratios of 17 DLBCL prognosis-related necroptosis genes. Vertical coordinate is gene name, and horizontal coordinate represents risk ratio. Right side is p-value range symbolizing that the lighter the color, the larger the p-value. (B) Kaplan-Meier plots showing the prognosis of three necroptosis patterns in 421 patients from GSE31312. Blue line represents cluster 1, red cluster 2, and green cluster 3. Cluster 1 has the best prognosis. (C) Response of patients in the three clusters to RCHOP regimen treatment, with the vertical axis as a percentage. Red represents CR, yellow PR, green SD, and pink PD. (D) Alluvial is used to observe the relationship between cluster 1, cluster 2, and cluster 3 with IPI and GEP type. The red part of the middle bar represents cluster 1, pink cluster 2, and green cluster 3. “L_M”means low-intemediate, and “H_M” means high-intemediate. | PMC9403718 | fgene-13-911443-g002.jpg |
0.442855 | c46c0ff8faa24af897fb9019fe33125f | Differences in TME between the three necroptosis-related clusters (Cluster 1, Cluster 2 and Cluster 3). (A) Differences in necroptosis scores between the three clusters. (B) Differences in immune score. (C) Differences in stromal score between the three clusters; (D) Differences in tumor purity between the three clusters. (E,F) Cibersort was used to assess the infiltration of 19 immune cell types. (E) Overall infiltration of 19 immune cells. (F) Differences in 19 immune cells between the three clusters. Ns means “not statistically significant”; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001 (all significance designations that appear in this paper are minor criteria). | PMC9403718 | fgene-13-911443-g003.jpg |
0.44045 | 8ce6faa1b9e548199dbe6dd676685ebd | SsGSEA assessment of immune infiltration in three necroptosis-associated clusters (Cluster 1, Cluster 2 and Cluster 3). (A) Differences in the abundance of 21 infiltrating immune cells in the three necroptosis-related clusters, with Cluster 1 in blue, Cluster 2 in red and Cluster 3 in green. (B) Differences in CD8+ T cell effector scores between the three necroptosis-related clusters. (C) Differences in antigen presenting machinery scores between three necroptosis-related clusters. | PMC9403718 | fgene-13-911443-g004.jpg |
0.447974 | fc621df3901843598db6a50f9a07cd2f | (Continued). | PMC9403718 | fgene-13-911443-g005.jpg |
0.464294 | 18e9f961ff75404bb17b1d071fd13dee | Construction and evaluation of a 6 necroptosis-related genes prognostic model. (A) Forest plot of 6 genes multivariate cox regression. (B) Kaplan-Meier survival analysis for the training set (GSE31312). (C,D) Heat map of risk scores and survival status of 421 DLBCL patients in the training dataset. (E) Differential expression of 6 modeled genes in the high and low risk groups in the training dataset, where red box represents high risk and blue represents low risk. (F) A Time-ROC curve analysis of the signature in training dataset. | PMC9403718 | fgene-13-911443-g006.jpg |
0.462224 | dfa355694b10409ca2a09975ebf09bae | (Continued). | PMC9403718 | fgene-13-911443-g007.jpg |
0.402074 | 43ccda2d5da1421fa3ab15dbf6358629 | Gastroscopy revealed congestion and oedema in the mucosa of the gastric antrum, with reddish-white-coloured (predominantly white) and punctate erosions (A, The red arrow is the biopsy forceps extraction point). A 5 × 10-mm ulcer was observed in the fovea of the duodenal bulb with surrounding mucosal congestion, oedema and smudged moss (B) | PMC9404552 | 13000_2022_1242_Fig1_HTML.jpg |
0.426206 | e21d9c8572f4457b8441322660e83a3a | Microscopically, a large number of cytoplasm-rich, nucleus-deviating, ring-like cells, 5–13 μm in diameter, with basophilic mucus-like material in the cytoplasm, are seen between the glands of the lamina propria, and the cells are distributed in foci or sheets, like grapes (A:H&E stain ×50, B:H&E ×100, C: H&E stain ×200, D:H&E stain ×400). Several short, thin rods of H. pylori were seen in the gastric mucosal space(E: H&E stain ×1000) | PMC9404552 | 13000_2022_1242_Fig2_HTML.jpg |
0.474581 | 782ff38abef343a09b6ee1421d13f9dd | Immunohistochemical stains in mimics signet ring cells negative (initial biopsy). A: CK(-); B: PAS(-); C: CD79a(+++); D: CD138 (++); E: Kappa (κ) (++); F:Lambda (λ) (++) | PMC9404552 | 13000_2022_1242_Fig3_HTML.jpg |
0.435041 | 993b5403fe324750b01abb4cce3caf12 | A: Two scattered erosions seen on endoscopy after 1 week of anti-HP treatment,the red arrow is the biopsy forceps extraction point; B: a smaller bulbous ulcer on endoscopy. C (H&E ×50) and D (H&E ×100): Pathological findings on gastroscopic forceps biopsy of tissue | PMC9404552 | 13000_2022_1242_Fig4_HTML.jpg |
0.453393 | 39fd2d53d040424ab066492c163bd2de | Endoscopy after 7 months of anti-HP treatment: there was no significant abnormality in the mucosa of the gastric sinus (A), ulcerative scars were visible in the mucosa of the bulb (B) | PMC9404552 | 13000_2022_1242_Fig5_HTML.jpg |
0.416742 | 0efbdd62ed494342856e26b840afcdc2 | Distribution of Russell body inflammation in the digestive tract: in all cases from the literature | PMC9404552 | 13000_2022_1242_Fig6_HTML.jpg |
0.515818 | 34c88e1e5a5d43e9b45ab16c8a456c83 | Associated conditions in patients with Helicobacter pylori-negative RBG according to the available literature | PMC9404552 | 13000_2022_1242_Fig7_HTML.jpg |
0.36887 | 8503c6b2acd64878a7998c76f648504f | Associated conditions in patients with Russell body inflammation in the digestive tract according to the available literature | PMC9404552 | 13000_2022_1242_Fig8_HTML.jpg |
0.400722 | 365e470835f44a0899d2061ce3b582cd | Schematic representation of the negative impact of marine biofouling. | PMC9404944 | antibiotics-11-01102-g001.jpg |
0.43371 | 6d28a77727bc408fadc50e3d7f779200 | Schematic representation of the mechanisms of action of carbon nanomaterials, namely GP and CNTs, against bacteria. | PMC9404944 | antibiotics-11-01102-g002.jpg |
0.452536 | 3b47b5144ca54f28ba6547db658fdef5 | Schematic summary of the PRISMA literature search. | PMC9404944 | antibiotics-11-01102-g003.jpg |
0.48836 | 670bf1f4563c427e9cb5acbf4c364044 | Number of studies on carbon-modified AF marine coatings included in the systematic review, per year of publication. | PMC9404944 | antibiotics-11-01102-g004.jpg |
0.456852 | 6ede440a03a54b3ebd3f16b534232805 | Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of diatom adhesion on silicone surfaces containing different GO loadings, after 10 days of incubation under dynamic conditions. Reprinted with adaptations from [64], under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. | PMC9404944 | antibiotics-11-01102-g005.jpg |
0.527787 | ac34a2348689402d8a1f61012403e353 | Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images of bare polypropylene (PP) (a), graphene oxide coated PP (b) and graphene oxide/silver nanoparticles coated PP (c). Reprinted with adaptations from [67], under the terms of Creative Commons CC BY license. | PMC9404944 | antibiotics-11-01102-g006.jpg |
0.453948 | 269c9a95f85944daa187b9c90363091b | In situ marine fouling tests over a period in a sheltered bay connected to the south China sea. Bared panels (90 days) (a); Cu2O paint-coated surfaces (365 days) (b); and GO/Cu2O paint-coated surfaces (365 days) (c). Reprinted with adaptations from [70], under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). | PMC9404944 | antibiotics-11-01102-g007.jpg |
0.49007 | dfc800f1fc2e445eb800295185fffa13 | The growth of E. coli KBN12P05816 was analyzed in the presence of fingolimod and doripenem. Each sample was plated on trypticase soy broth (TSB) plates and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. (●) Untreated controls, (■) 4 μg/mL of fingolimod, (▲) 4 μg/mL of doripenem, and (▼) the combination of 4 μg/mL of fingolimod and 4 μg/mL of doripenem. | PMC9405376 | antibiotics-11-01043-g001.jpg |
0.552523 | eced7965e0d14fa8886a50511501583b | Synergistic action of fingolimod and doripenem against CREC. E. coli KBN12P05816 was treated with fingolimod and doripenem, plated with a spreader on Muller–Hinton agar (MHA), and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. The CFU/mL values were recorded. (●) Untreated controls, (■) 4 μg/mL of fingolimod, (▲) 4 μg/mL of doripenem, and (▼) the combination of 4 μg/mL of fingolimod and 4 μg/mL of doripenem. | PMC9405376 | antibiotics-11-01043-g002.jpg |
0.499877 | 96df01d89b0642f9bd01d85ee1b7a81d | Effect of fingolimod and doripenem on the motility of CREC. (a) The motility of CREC KBN12P05816 was analyzed on semisolid agar plates containing fingolimod and doripenem. (b) Bar graph showing the mean migration distance (mm). The decrease in migration distance was significant (* p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01). | PMC9405376 | antibiotics-11-01043-g003.jpg |
0.410867 | e6a07a8bb2e34241aa7e0015b060d869 | Transcriptional changes involving the blaKPC gene in CREC. After treatment with fingolimod alone (2 μg/mL F), doripenem alone (2 μg/mL D), or the combination of 2 μg/mL of doripenem and 2 μg/mL of fingolimod (F + D), qPCR analysis of the blaKPC gene in E. coli KBN12P05816 was performed. 16S rRNA was used to normalize the transcriptional levels of the target gene. The error bars represent the means and standard deviation (SDs). Asterisks (*) indicate statistically significant differences (* p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01) from the controls. | PMC9405376 | antibiotics-11-01043-g004.jpg |
0.414447 | 11736f7bc89b48d98165bd45b4d80d09 | Transcriptional changes in virulence-related genes in E. coli. Expression levels of (a) efflux pump-related (acrB, acrD) genes and (b) motility-related (flhD, motA) genes are presented with a histogram. After treatment with fingolimod alone (2 μg/mL F), doripenem alone (2 μg/mL D), or the combination of 2 μg/mL of doripenem and 2 μg/mL of fingolimod (F + D), transcription levels of the target genes were normalized to that of 16S rRNA. Asterisks (*) indicate a significant decrease in expression levels in each gene (* p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001). | PMC9405376 | antibiotics-11-01043-g005.jpg |
0.573598 | 8caf6b620cbc4bf497f3ebf70cddf8bf | Concentration dependence of the survival of Salmonella after 5 min of incubation with EAA. Data are expressed in CFU/mL from three replicate experiments. | PMC9405465 | antibiotics-11-01134-g001.jpg |
0.444161 | 6d69733d37034f17b366f8210c5df8e9 | Effect of EAA on externally added S. enterica and naturally occurring background flora. Newport, S. Newport MDD14; ATCC, S. Typhimurium ATCC 19585; R6, S. Typhimurium FSL R6-0020. The log10 CFU/g tomato data are plotted for each of the samples (grey bars, H2O white bars, EAA). The S. enterica counts were taken from the SSA plates, the counts for naturally occurring background flora from the PBS tomatoes were taken from the PCA plates. The asterisks are indicative of the significance of the p-values from the t-test in ranked order (*** 0.0009, ** 0.0033, * 0.025, ns not significant). | PMC9405465 | antibiotics-11-01134-g002.jpg |
0.441438 | f8e680e082874829984f3fddb091e139 | Recovery of S. Typhimurium FSL R6-0020 from the tomatoes by means of silwet L-77. Log reductions were calculated between the 8% EAA wash and the H2O wash. The log10 CFU/g tomato data are plotted for each of the samples (grey bars, H2O; white bars, EAA). The asterisks are indicative of the significance of the p-values from the t-tests (**** < 0.001, *** 0.0004, # not applicable as both groups yield identical data). WTWW, FSL R6-0020 with H2O wash and H2O recovery; ETWW, FSL R6-0020 with EAA wash and H2O recovery; WTSW, FSL R6-0020 with H2O wash and silwet L-77 recovery; ETSW, FSL R6-0020 with EAA wash and silwet L-77 recovery; PWTSW, PBS with H2O wash and silwet L-77 recovery; PETSW, PBS with EAA wash and silwet L-77 recovery. | PMC9405465 | antibiotics-11-01134-g003.jpg |
0.429089 | 7fa643f2ebae4d82ae6f0ad28c966896 | Effect of % tomato homogenate in the 8% EAA wash for the S. Newport MDD14 serovar. The log10 CFU/g tomato data are plotted for each of the samples (grey bars, H2O; white bars, EAA). The asterisks are indicative of the significance of the p-values from the t-test (* 0.039 and 0.021, ns not significant). TH, 1% tomato homogenate was added to the 8% EAA solution or H2O. | PMC9405465 | antibiotics-11-01134-g004.jpg |
0.384464 | 10c9167f5ce34526926eae6074cd295f | Effect of 1% tomato homogenate in the 8% EAA wash for the and S. Typhimurium FSL R6-0020 serovar. The log10 CFU/g tomato data are plotted for each of the samples (grey bars, H2O; white bars, EAA). The asterisks are indicative of the significance of the p-values from the t-tests (* 0.0293, 0.0426, 0.0175, ns not significant). TH, 1% tomato homogenate was added to the 8% EAA solution or H2O. | PMC9405465 | antibiotics-11-01134-g005.jpg |
0.416519 | ee72f3bec98842439c82a41bcd4e0ab9 | Visual representation of the uvea. | PMC9405697 | biomedicines-10-02041-g001.jpg |
0.511357 | 1d8b1f0e62184dc09981fc041557b898 | Examples of two dendritic arborizations with flat/intended (A) and spinal (B) post-synapses in brain neurons. In neurons the distribution of the dendritic fibers from the cell body is shown at a side opposite to that of axons (see (A)). Pre-synapses associated with dendritic post-synapses are not shown. In (A) all dendritic fibers appear smooth because their post-synapses, predominant in inhibitory neurons, are flat/intended, i.e., they do not emerge or emerge only marginally from the fiber surface. Dendritic fibers shown in (B), analogous in general shape to those in (A), predominate in stimulatory neurons. Beginning at some distance from the cell body, these fibers are covered by a high density of post-synapses composed by spines. The insertion in (B) is a fraction of an original figure by Santiago Ramon y Cajal (1896), reported as the CAT 024 figure in the book Ciencia y Arte by the Instituto Cajal, Madrid, 2004. | PMC9405724 | biomedicines-10-01859-g001.jpg |
0.476551 | 8178f01c554c422a94da4aa8ad67030e | The four common types of post-synaptic spines are clearly different from each other. The density and shape of post-synaptic spines, abundant in excitatory neurons, change profoundly during physiological and pharmacological events. For example, changes occur during spine generation, by continuous turnover with regeneration, and by conversion of one type of spine into another. All spines exhibit abundance of PSD (red) distributed within the body in the proximity of the plasma membrane where pre-synaptic messages are received. PSDs are widely composed by adhesion molecules bound by scattered receptors, enzymes and at least some scaffolding proteins. Most PSD-bound proteins are critical for post-synaptic responses. Spines exhibit distinct shapes: stubbles do not have long necks, thus their responses are similar to those of the flat post-synapses; filopodia, often active in groups, are long but thin, with very small heads; mushroom and thin spines exhibit relative large heads, with flat and round top surfaces, respectively, connected to their dendritic fibers by long or very long necks. Their activities tend therefore to operate independently, with limited interactions with their dendritic fiber. Permission for this Figure, a fraction of Figure 2 of [36], has been obtained from Frontiers in Neuroscience. | PMC9405724 | biomedicines-10-01859-g002.jpg |
0.436473 | 8426129d3b3944da8ddaa64866aeb2a3 | Flow diagram demonstrating the inclusion/exclusion process for studies included in the final analyses. | PMC9406009 | brainsci-12-01046-g001.jpg |
0.453198 | e955e80d8f6749ff9e90acfec8b48020 | Strongly radioiodine (RAI)-positive and [18F]FDG-positive pancreatic adenocarcinoma. (A): 131I whole-body scintigraphy after administration of 3.8 GBq 131I, (B): MIP (maximum intensity projection) of [18F]FDG PET, (C): transversal slice of [18F]FDG PET/CT fusion and (D): transversal slice of contrast-enhanced CT. Red arrows point to RAI-positive and [18F]FDG-positive pancreatic adenocarcinoma; green arrow points to RAI-negative and [18F]FDG-positive lymph nodes metastases of papillary thyroid carcinoma in the left neck. | PMC9406392 | diagnostics-12-01934-g001.jpg |
0.390285 | 7cac85346d6849b1aabd883bfcf7f57b | Histopathologic images showing pancreatic adenocarcinoma. (A): Hematoxilin-Eosin (H&E) stain, magnification 100×; (B): Immunohistochemistry: tumor cells show strong positive staining for CK7, magnification 100×; (C): Immunohistochemistry: tumor cells are negative for thyroglobulin, magnification 100×; (D): Immunohistochemistry: tumor cells are negative for TTF1, magnification 100×. | PMC9406392 | diagnostics-12-01934-g002.jpg |
0.423269 | bcd3b530d44a48e7ac9d9c42099c38f7 | In- and exclusion of papers found by the literature search. | PMC9406684 | diagnostics-12-01958-g001.jpg |
0.452299 | 81b106b1504643f4bb6e1afe9737a398 | Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis to obtain the sensitivity and specificity of NLR in predicting hospitalization for inflammation secondary to ARONJ. The dot indicates the cutoff value (sensitivity, specificity). | PMC9406977 | diagnostics-12-01836-g001.jpg |
0.482272 | d3c2ba8647a64bc8b3a8326f75325f54 | Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to obtain the sensitivity and specificity of PLR in predicting hospitalization for inflammation secondary to ARONJ. The dot indicates the cutoff value (sensitivity, specificity). | PMC9406977 | diagnostics-12-01836-g002.jpg |
0.415225 | e5bcc2ff0b8545f1814a32c0106740dc | Four example stimuli, showing both the drawn image and typed word (semantics and orthography, respectively). Auditory versions of the spoken word are played when the stimulus is clicked or dragged, to activate phonology. The thickness of the arrows indicates semantic, orthographic, and phonological similarity between items (thicker arrows refer to more similar items). | PMC9407019 | fpsyg-13-945094-g001.jpg |
0.393016 | a3805238ad2a4e9c8f30bec2ffcf251b | Comparison of the distributions of distances in our sample of items within the larger corpus to our stimulus selection, showing high congruence. The corpus distributions were calculated using 78.120 pairs (between 280 unique words) from our sources for semantic, phonological and orthographic model representations (see under “Computational models”). The y axis scale differs between modality as the integral of a probability density function equals 1, and the “peaks” in the form modalities are narrower due to a discrete amount of possible Levenshtein values for the word lengths in our set. The shape of the distribution is more informative than the absolute y values. The word selection favors slightly more close pairs than the corpus as seen by the larger area under the left part of each modality’s selection curve. | PMC9407019 | fpsyg-13-945094-g002.jpg |
0.451165 | 44408d9521714939a0a66bc5edc957a5 | The experimental setup: Participants are presented with a set of stimuli around a circle as seen on the left and then sort these items by similarity to create an arrangement as seen on the right. | PMC9407019 | fpsyg-13-945094-g003.jpg |
0.422988 | c0e51184e74c4215bfecf79780d2630e | The group-level RDMs for each modality. Color indicates the degree of similarity (more saturated means more similar). The rows and columns have the same order and are sorted by hierarchical clustering, causing similar items to be adjacent, revealing the similarity clusters (saturated squares in the figure). | PMC9407019 | fpsyg-13-945094-g004.jpg |
0.429052 | fcc8a83974ce4a4ba87fab622a9bb12a | Four measures for comparison of the modalities: correlation between participants, within participants, between participants and group level, and split-half reliability of the group-level RDMs. | PMC9407019 | fpsyg-13-945094-g005.jpg |
0.450917 | f0631772025c4dcaba53c6f629ed23c6 | Variance in similarity judgments between participants for word pairs as a function of the word pairs’ average group dissimilarity. On the y-axis is the participants’ agreement on a word pair, with 0 indicating perfect agreement and 1 total disagreement. On the x-axis, the average dissimilarity judgment is given for each pair at the group level, with 0 indicating perfect similarity, and 1 total dissimilarity. | PMC9407019 | fpsyg-13-945094-g006.jpg |
0.430413 | 8414bb07992540f9940b89a1d906f1f0 | The dissimilarity of all item pairs according to each modality’s model compared to behavioral group-level multi-arrangement results. The diagonal and a simple curve fit are added to show the skew of each modality. If the multi-arrangement data and the models agreed perfectly the data should lie on the diagonal; however, multi-arrangement tends toward lower dissimilarity compared to Word2Vec, but results in higher dissimilarity compared to Levenshtein models. | PMC9407019 | fpsyg-13-945094-g007.jpg |
0.425848 | 74165e867cb541c1b857fdbdf8a1865e | The dependence of the viscosity in some glass-forming liquids on Tg/T. Here, TNB is trisnaphthyl benzene, and DGG1 is a soda lime silica glass. Data from Ref. [14] and the references therein. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g001.jpg |
0.574885 | 71400e9c3466452eb201e582cc478afb | Second derivative of the α relaxation time over Tg/T in salicylic acid (salol) (circles) and glycerol (triangles). The data are from Ref. [31]. The solid line is the second derivative of the fit of the relaxation time by the Cohen-Grest Function (14). | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g002.jpg |
0.513389 | f6284fcf8752496e950fc43e3b827118 | Adam–Gibbs plot logτα vs. 1/ScT for 3-bromopentane (a) (3-BP) and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (b) (2-MTHF). Deviations from the AG prediction at high temperatures is obvious for 2-MTHF. Reprinted from [56] with the permission of AIP Publishing. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g003.jpg |
0.400122 | 694631be33734284bff1731143a8f215 | Experimental verification of the predicted relationship (25) between the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters for materials spanning a wide range of fragilities. The solid line is a guide for the eye, and mmin ≡ m0 = 17. Reprinted from [58] with the permission of AIP Publishing. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g004.jpg |
0.439005 | cfa26ca29c854edba691c517acc5d1c5 | Correlation between TK/T0 and the VFT parameter D related to the fragility index through Equation (31). Reprinted figure with permission from [63]. Copyright (2003) by the American Physical Society. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g005.jpg |
0.458112 | 9654ce5b148745dc846d3a3b80f04043 | Correlation of the calculated using Equation (38) thermodynamic fragility mcalc with the measured mmeas fragility index for 54 nonpolymeric glass-forming materials. The data in the 50 < m < 80 range are also shown in the enlarged inset for clarity. The dashed line represents the relation of Equation (38). Reprinted from [99] with the permission of AIP Publishing. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g006.jpg |
0.575648 | 392b277542274f1ca26ea52b83e9f341 | Ncorr(T) for different materials on a logarithmic scale as a function of τα/τ0. The full line corresponds to the dependence τα ∝ A(Ncorr/N0)γexp(Ncorr/N0)ψ, with A = 4, N0 = 0.8, γ = 2, and ψ = 1.4 that describes a crossover from a power law scaling at high temperatures (small τα) to a logarithmic growth close to the glass transition. Using the freedom left by unknown normalizations of order unity, the data are shifted to obtain a better collapse onto the fit. Reprinted figure with permission from [111]. Copyright (2007) by the American Physical Society. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g007.jpg |
0.435935 | 6fb87ec4b70a4a17885230fcea45722b | (A) ξ/Vm1/3 vs. m for various glass-forming materials; here, Vm is the molecular volume. ξ is estimated using the boson peak frequency. The materials are covalent and ionic (blue triangles), molecular (red circles), hydrogen-bonding (magenta triangles), and polymeric glasses (black squares). Additionally, ξ estimated from the 4D NMR are shown (stars) [112,113]. (B) Correlation length ξ(Tg) in supercooled liquids, estimated from χT at the glass transition expressed in bead units a. From [110]. Reprinted with permission from AAAS. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g008.jpg |
0.470976 | 6ede4f241dd84709a34b9bad7b6f7070 | The relative change in the width of the main diffraction peak between T = 0.9Tg and T = 1.3Tg vs. fragility for several glass-forming systems. Abbreviations: PS—polystyrene, salol—phenyl salicylate, OTP—orthoterphenyl, PG—propylene glycol, SB—sucrose benzoate, PC—propylene carbonate, and N1444.NTf2—room temperature ionic liquid. Data from Ref. [134]. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g009.jpg |
0.517383 | 57a8c5ea49594ceca249c3efee7680b8 | The dependence of log τα(T) on lc(T)3/T normalized to its value at Tg for polystyrene (triangles), sucrose benzoate (squares), propylene carbonate (circles), and glycerol (diamond). Data from Ref. [134]. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g010.jpg |
0.491198 | bedd23cb59ae401789fd0a17f7b38375 | The isobaric fragility vs. the isochoric fragility. Fitting (solid line) gives mP = (37 ± 3) + (0.84 ± 0.05) mV. The data is from Ref. [135]. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g011.jpg |
0.390765 | 092a78ffa9a2410493de2f4a655cd1b1 | Correlation of ξBP and the activation volume. The slope of the log–log plot is ~0.3, suggesting ΔV#∝ξBP3, i.e., the activation volume is a fraction of the heterogeneity volume [112,140]. The materials are covalent and ionic (blue triangles), VdW molecular (red circles), hydrogen-bonding (magenta triangles), and polymeric glasses (black squares). | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g012.jpg |
0.427735 | dea2d5b54bb74c61b1863c7c602e842e | Thermodynamic scaling reflecting the dependence of the relaxation time on the temperature and density in a single plot. It presents the α-relaxation times of molecular liquids as a function of the reciprocal of the temperature times the volume in power γ [138]. Dielectric relaxation times as a function of the product of the reciprocal temperature and density, the latter raised to the power of γ = 1.9 (1,2-polybutadiene ×), 3.0 (1,4-polyisoprene ○), 6.2 (OTP/OPP ◊), 2.5 (poly-propylene glycol ∗), 8.5 (BMMPC +), 3.5 (poly[(phenyl glycidyl ether)-co formaldehyde] σ), 7.0 (BMPC π), 5.6 (PMPS ☐), 5.0 (PMTS θ), 4.5 (phenylphthalein-dimethylether △), 5.2 (salol ■), and 3.7 (propylene carbonate ✯). Reprinted from [138] with the permission of AIP Publishing. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g013.jpg |
0.415752 | bd844ee880da45c4ae7959772fe9958e | Ratio of isochoric and isobaric activation enthalpies vs. exponent γ of the thermodynamic scaling of τα(T,P) [141]. The solid line is the best fit to the data of Equation (47). B, D-sorbitol; C, 1,2-polybutadiene; D, poly(vinyl methyl ether); E, poly(phenyl glycidyl ether)-coformaldehyde; F, ortho-terphenyl; G, phenolphthalein-dimethylether; H, polymethylphenylsiloxane; I, phenyl salicylate; J, 1,1′-bis(p-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexane; and K, 1,1′-di(4-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)cyclohexane. Reprinted figure with permission from [141]. Copyright (2004) by the American Physical Society. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g014.jpg |
0.45799 | 145ca7e17c4244dab5986936268d83e0 | Viscosity as a function of inverse temperature (full symbols) and as a function of X = G∞(T)*Tg/G∞(Tg)*T (open symbols) for four organic liquids and one silicone oil. The approximate high-temperature limit of the viscosity is given at the lower left corner. Open symbols follow the diagonal line predicted by the shoving model, ending in the lower-left corner at a typical high-temperature viscosity. Reprinted figure with permission from [41]. Copyright (1996) by the American Physical Society. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g015.jpg |
0.406802 | ebe163a0baa84536809ae0be5b8033a4 | Temperature shift factors and dynamic viscosity for (a) m-toluidine and (b) sucrose benzoate. The dynamic viscosity data are vertically shifted by an arbitrary constant A to make the curves overlay. The green line represents the Dyre shoving model fit to the dynamic viscosity data and the stress relaxation shift factor aT. The red line represents the VFT fit to the dynamic viscosity and the stress relaxation aT. For m-toluidine, A = −8.7; for sucrose benzoate, A = −9.67. Reprinted from [153] with the permission of AIP Publishing. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g016.jpg |
0.416354 | e14c3c04c6ba4583a7117f891f75f383 | Comparison of m vs. B/G dependence in chemically simple nonmetallic glasses (circles) and bulk metallic glasses (triangles). Stars show the B2O3–Li2O mixture with different compositions and provides a clear illustration of the deviation in chemically complex systems. Data from [14,156]. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g017.jpg |
0.415819 | 7c49f32b3c1b44f8a64983fd4750a3bd | Scaling of the structural relaxation time τα (in MD units) vs. the reduced mean square amplitude 〈u2(Tg)〉/〈u2(T)〉. The grey area marks the glass transition. The continuous black line is Equation (51) shifted vertically by 10.498 to compile with the MD units. The numbers in parentheses denote the fragility m. Reprinted from [169] with the permission of AIP Publishing. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g018.jpg |
0.391051 | d3c0d2c591a04cbe83d5695080ee4f47 | Correlation of fragility with the boson peak amplitude measured in units of the Debye density of the states gD(ω). The line is m∝gD(ωmax)/g(ωmax), and ωmax is the frequency of the boson peak maximum. Data from Ref. [14]. | PMC9407199 | entropy-24-01101-g019.jpg |
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