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f24fc10d48a04273869f7be6c619e183
Level 2 LULC type map and proportional chord chart of level1 LULC type transformation in the UANSTM.
PMC9957405
ijerph-20-02844-g003.jpg
0.422547
35d9ce24602144c1ae63ec3cee987779
Spatial distribution and statistics of HI per 5 years.
PMC9957405
ijerph-20-02844-g004.jpg
0.446512
f2b87e8c24a64a3b94fccd558307737a
Spatial distribution of RSEIs from 2000–2020.
PMC9957405
ijerph-20-02844-g005.jpg
0.410527
2173a2384e614051ba7fb477cc334faa
Mean plot on the UANSTM.
PMC9957405
ijerph-20-02844-g006.jpg
0.439235
982a61e24d0e48e780219845146cd42d
Ecological quality of localized areas. (a) Distribution of multi-year RSEI means in different administrative units. (b) Annual RSEI for different administrative units. (c) Corresponding proportion of RSEI grades and administrative regions of the UANSTM.
PMC9957405
ijerph-20-02844-g007.jpg
0.467108
558a7b16348f49eab2fe21234fac6f47
RSEI cycle variation mapping.
PMC9957405
ijerph-20-02844-g008.jpg
0.409846
c1addb86878d439f9a9b44f1cf1c1632
The 5-year median distribution of the factors.
PMC9957405
ijerph-20-02844-g009.jpg
0.459546
951871d1e529457e9fe1a36ccd91dc96
Folding graph of q statistic at different scales.
PMC9957405
ijerph-20-02844-g010.jpg
0.529339
1231d35126384c5f8ead814b34e881a9
RSEI impact factors results of interaction detection.
PMC9957405
ijerph-20-02844-g011.jpg
0.469278
58cc0eae077f44f7a6c210d7f9c838c7
The distribution of sampling points for LULC.
PMC9957405
ijerph-20-02844-g0A1.jpg
0.426826
fbe22fe969b54f2899de0d0fe13254a2
Histogram plot for normalized MOS widely used benchmark database.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g001.jpg
0.408122
d96b29fd2273482da1b6389873b4090b
Original images from NITS-IQA database.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g002.jpg
0.410833
74635b8e27644cdbb05c0ec09463e943
Distorted images sample (a) Gaussian blur, (b) Gaussian noise (chromatic), (c) uniform noise (chromatic), (d) contrast change (without brightness change), (e) pixelate mosaic, (f) motion blur, (g) JPEG, (h) JPEG2000, (i) JPEG-XT.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g003.jpg
0.441515
fa34e80ce2d545b28bef85da059dbcba
Development stages of NITS-IQA database.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g004.jpg
0.370419
8003db2414c9409dac89c26a2e8da4cc
Graphical user interface (GUI)-1.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g005.jpg
0.427083
2141bcb8591d4310aa03ecdc339e421d
Graphical user interface (GUI)-2.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g006.jpg
0.398726
7fa7d82e9d8c4ec8928d1fa2e7160770
Example of subjective test and its setup.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g007.jpg
0.415005
ffb1198391514fc2ae8252d5a9d31376
Average of the MOS for reference image.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g008.jpg
0.442469
86b6a93406c9454998ba5c1552a33307
Scatter plots of the subjective scores (MOS) versus ADM.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g009.jpg
0.41793
543bc50eb24b40c681dbfa52120438cf
Scatter plots of the subjective scores (MOS) vs. FSIM.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g010.jpg
0.438717
5121161644b34c5ba75eb9d6cb2e4ca4
Scatter plots of the subjective scores (MOS) vs. GMSD.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g011.jpg
0.390588
97b8915ccc9b421d8db95955ac25edfa
Scatter plots of the subjective scores (MOS) vs. GSM.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g012.jpg
0.382839
33afa6268b9641ee8dad1ef8d197b9b3
Scatter plots of the subjective scores (MOS) vs. IFC.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g013.jpg
0.435202
c11b4fb9bd0843d5bc99144f6f78007c
Scatter plots of the subjective scores (MOS) vs. IGM.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g014.jpg
0.430072
cf213ada4d7341c69595657b5d792292
Scatter plots of the subjective scores (MOS) vs. MSE.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g015.jpg
0.360708
43064f4c8fd145ff87219d041d207d27
Scatter plots of the subjective scores (MOS) vs. MSSIM.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g016.jpg
0.530632
122f7f0f801646fa8130f175e998d496
Scatter plots of the subjective scores (MOS) vs. RFSIM.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g017.jpg
0.397191
199511f494c149d8bb7d68f553a58ce8
Scatter plots of the subjective scores (MOS) vs. SGF method.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g018.jpg
0.372263
45b4edb12bf3424aa696a17c4b9971e8
Scatter plots of the subjective scores (MOS) vs. SSIM.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g019.jpg
0.431898
f1b8a53dae974903925206449d5d26f1
Scatter plots of the subjective scores (MOS) vs. VIF.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g020.jpg
0.393286
51811ee6454c4678832ff80c52e51da6
Scatter plots of the subjective scores (MOS) vs. VIFP.
PMC9959275
sensors-23-02279-g021.jpg
0.523178
a184f3d968c64a67bb18a326cfb8d8be
Chromatogram for the identified molecules of SCRE.
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g001.jpg
0.407055
f22e9af1d1124d0da5797159fa3633d7
Cytotoxicity curve of SCRE (with CC50 of 70.36 ± 0.8 µg/mL). The results are exhibited as mean ± SD.
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g002.jpg
0.529252
07207422702a477ca53d2da6c29224ea
Antiviral activity of Saussurea costus roots on (A) low pathogenic human coronavirus (HCoV-229E) (with IC 50 of 23.21 ± 1.1 µg/mL) and (B) human influenza virus H1N1 (with IC50 of 47.6 ± 2.3 µg/mL). Results are shown as mean ± SD.
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g003.jpg
0.601767
f71d6e0e436d4dcbae3f1dd5de3f9133
Section of a rat lung of the control (group I) showing the following features. (A) A normal lung architecture with thin interalveolar septa and patent alveolar sacs. A thin type I pneumocyte with flat nuclei (I) was noticed, and a small number of cuboidal type II pneumocytes with their large, rounded nuclei and vacuolated cytoplasm (II) were present at the angles of the interalveolar septa (H&E, ×400). (B) The bronchiole is lined by simple columnar epithelium (black arrow) and is surrounded by concentric layers of smooth muscle fibers (M). Club cell is observed in the lining of the bronchiole (blue arrow) (H&E, ×400).
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g004.jpg
0.509195
9e26419b8c054b589a8ce1d8d33214c1
Section of a rat lung of (CP-treated) group II presenting the following features. (A) Thickened interalveolar septa with heavy mononuclear cellular infiltration (↑) and marked narrowing of the alveolar spaces (S). Alveolar epithelium is hardly distinguished. One regenerated alveolus lined by rounded type II pneumocytes and filled with homogenous exudate can be distinguished (H). The presence of hemosiderin-laden macrophages (▲) is noticed (H&E, ×400). (B) Thickened interalveolar septa with hyperplastic pneumocyte II (blue arrow), foamy macrophage (orange arrow), marked narrowing of the alveolar spaces (S), and over-dilatation of others (E). Congested blood vessel (⁕) is noticed (H&E, ×400). (C) The bronchiole with epithelial cells has strongly stained nuclei (▲). The bronchiolar lumen is full of exfoliated epithelial cells (blue arrow) and is marked by detachment of bronchiolar epithelium from underlying lamina propria. Congested blood vessels (⁕) are noticed with extravasated blood cells in the lung interstitium (H&E, ×400).
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g005.jpg
0.507629
1366f81089bb446aafed8f555c551f34
A rat lung section of group III (SCRE-treated) presenting the following features. (A) Thin interalveolar septa with patent alveoli. Pneumocyte type I (I) and type II (II) are noticed. Some alveoli contained homogeneous exudate (H). Few mononuclear cellular infiltrations (↑) are noticeable in some interalveolar septa (H&E, ×400). (B) A bronchiole shown with relatively intact epithelial lining (▲). Mononuclear cellular infiltrations (black arrow) are still present with interalveolar septa (H&E, ×400).
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g006.jpg
0.483968
ebfea4304abe4e789a4873e454f958e2
A section of a rat lung showing the following features. (A) A weakly positive brown cytoplasm reaction in the alveolar epithelial lining of the control (iNOS immunostaining, ×400). (B) A dense, positively brown cytoplasm reaction in the alveolar epithelial lining, inflammatory interstitial cells, and endothelial cells of group II (iNOS immunostaining, ×400). (C) A weakly positive brown cytoplasm reaction in the alveolar epithelial lining and endothelial cells of group III (iNOS immunostaining, ×400).
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g007.jpg
0.413545
d1f7ece114a9498f96b3198c6e587d3a
A section of rat lung showing the following features. (A) A weakly positive brown cytoplasm reaction along the alveolar epithelial lining of the control group (caspase-3 immunostaining, ×400). (B) A dense, positive brown cytoplasmic reaction in the exfoliated cells and interstitial inflammatory cells (black arrow) of group II (caspase-3 immunostaining, ×400). (C) A weakly positive brown cytoplasm reaction in the alveolar epithelial lining of group III (caspase-3 immunostaining, ×400).
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g008.jpg
0.486168
3df41cbfb4ee4ac7b52215998a40b182
A section of rat lung showing the following features. (A) PAS-positive cells (↑) in the epithelium of a large bronchus of the control group (PAS stain, ×400). (B) An apparent increase in the PAS-positive cells in the bronchial passage lining epithelium of group II (PAS stain, ×400). (C) The PAS-positive cells in the lining epithelium of a large bronchial passage of group III is relatively comparable to the control group (PAS stain, ×400).
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g009.jpg
0.480856
170d3fb3a0a14c8e8d02df936b1b646f
Levels of the studied markers in the lung tissues of the different groups (A) Relative expression of HO-1 mRNA. (B) MDA levels. (C) Relative expression of miR-let-7a. Data are expressed as mean ± SD.
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g010.jpg
0.460388
6e85a1103ef9467188718f49d9c42eed
Overlay of docked rutin (blue), catechin (green), chlorogenic acid (red), ellagic acid (yellow), methyl gallate (pink), and gallic acid (orange) into (a) the caspase-3 protein (Code: 3DEI), (b) HO-1 (Code: 3CZY), and (c) iNOS (Code: 1NSI).
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g011.jpg
0.534139
f136ebecd9c84b92a7c641779e0edfba
The 2D schematic interactions of docked (a) RUT, (b) CAT, (c) CHL, (d) ELL, (e) GAT, and (f) GAL into the caspase-3 protein (Code: 3DEI).
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g012.jpg
0.464962
8744e1cc853444afa93208dceb77d8ca
The 2D schematic interactions of docked (a) RUT, (b) CAT, (c) CHL, (d) ELL, (e) GAT, and (f) CAT with human HO-1 (Code: 3CZY).
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g013.jpg
0.434675
a804738e37464be4970309e719ea8af0
The 2D schematic interactions of docked (a) RUT, (b) CAT, (c) CHL, (d) ELL, (e) GAT, and (f) CAT with human inducible nitric oxide synthase (Code: 1NSI).
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g014.jpg
0.41406
30f8ab6d0f4e48cc86dca5ca653baf51
The 2D schematic interactions of docked daidzein (a), quercetin (b), and kaempferol (c) with human HO-1 (Code: 3CZY).
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g015.jpg
0.504479
27b3f7a486254cd1ae51910b5294f1eb
Overlay of the docked and co-crystalized ligand of (a) HO-1 (RMSD = 1 Å), (b) caspase-3 (RMSD = 1.118 Å), and (c) inducible nitric oxide synthase (RMSD = 1.496 Å) enzymes.
PMC9959296
pharmaceuticals-16-00318-g016.jpg
0.451462
b6373af0628c49a0812526d29e9a3819
Production of plasma AEA and 2-AG in patients with COVID-19 using GC treatment. Levels of AEA (a) and 2-AG (b) in COVID-19 patients (mild/moderate, n = 55 and severe/critical, n = 145) compared to healthy controls (n = 35). COVID-19 patients who use/do not use GC were segregated into mild/moderate (non-GC, n = 35 vs. GC, n = 20) and severe/critical (non-GC, n = 42 vs. GC, n = 103), showed production of AEA (c) and 2-AG (d) compared to healthy controls. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis multiple comparison test (non-parametric), followed by Dunn’s post-test. Data are expressed as median in boxplot graphs with minimum and maximum values with a confidence interval of +/− 95%. Significance levels shown are based on statistically significant p-values between groups, considering significant with p < 0.05.
PMC9959303
viruses-15-00573-g001.jpg
0.411113
bb5d6b5cea29447b974b88303d0072b7
Production of Lyso-PAF C16, PAF C16, and relative abundance of Lyso-PC and Lyso-PE species in COVID-19 patients with the use of GCs. Levels of Lyso-PAF (16:0) (a) and PAF (16:0) (b) in COVID-19 patients (mild/moderate (n = 55) and severe/critical (n = 145) compared to healthy controls (n = 35). COVID-19 patients who use/do not use GCs were segregated into mild/moderate (non-GC, n = 35 vs. GC, n = 20) and severe/critical (non-GC, n = 42 vs. GC, n = 103) show significant differences in Lyso-PAF (16:0) (c) and PAF (16:0) (d) compared to healthy controls. Relative abundance (ratio %) production of Lyso-PCs (e) and Lyso-PEs (f) in individuals not treated with GCs (mild/moderate, n = 35 and severe/critical, n = 42); Lyso-PCs (g) and Lyso-PEs (h) of GC-treated individuals (mild/moderate, n = 20 and severe/critical, n = 103). Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis multiple comparison test (non-parametric), followed by Dunn’s post-test. Data are expressed as median in boxplot graphs with minimum and maximum values with a confidence interval of +/−95%. Significance levels shown are based on statistically significant p-values between groups, significant for p < 0.05. Area ratio: area ratio between the metabolite and the correspondence internal standard.
PMC9959303
viruses-15-00573-g002.jpg
0.46657
408269bf98c34a7f8d58b260b3394ad4
The influence of GCs in the gene expression of enzymes and receptors related to the eCB and PAF pathway in whole blood leukocyte transcriptomic data. Schematic representation of the PAF formation pathway, involved the genes: (a) PLA2G4A, PLA2G5, PL2G6 and PL2G7; (b) LPCAT1 and LPCAT2; (c) PAFAH1B1 and (d) PTAFR and CNR2. On behalf of eCB pathway for AEA formation, the gene expression: (e) (NAPEPLD) and (f) (FAAH); and 2-AG formation: (g) PLCB1; PLCB2; (h) DAGLB; (i) MGLL. Differential expression was carried out between Healthy control (n = 12), COVID-19 non-CG (n = 19), and COVID-19 GC (n = 35) groups. The log2 of normalized gene expression profiles for analyzed groups were showed as boxplots. Significant differences in transcript expression was accessed using Benjamini and Hockberg adjusted p-values to controlling false discovery rate (FDR) obtained from whole transcriptome differential expression analysis considering a threshold of FDR < 0.05. Table S2 contained gene fold change values, nominal and FDR adjusted p-values obtained from the differential expression analysis between the analyzed groups.
PMC9959303
viruses-15-00573-g003.jpg
0.443851
5255f788fa0041d28e1ab1704a6bc364
Correlations of 2-AG and PAF C16 with inflammatory markers of COVID-19 patients. (a) Correlation matrix demonstrating interactions between levels of 2-AG, PAF (16:0) and the inflammatory parameters, IL-10, IL-6, sTREM-1, lymphocytes and neutrophil counts. Color scale sidebar indicates correlation coefficients (r), color-coded: red, positive correlation; blue, negative correlation; the intensity of the color represents the intensity of the correlation. Values adjust between −1.0 and 1.0. The significance levels indicated with gray asterisks are based on the p < 0.05 of the Spearman’s correlation coefficient (r ) *. (b) Absolute values of neutrophils and (c) lymphocytes in patients GC-treated or not with COVID-19 mild/moderate (non-GC, n = 35 vs. GC, n = 20) and severe/critical (non-GC, n = 42 vs. GC, n = 103). Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis multiple comparison test (non-parametric), followed by Dunn’s post-test. Data are expressed as median in boxplot graphs with minimum and maximum values with a confidence interval of +/−95%. Significance levels shown are based on statistically significant p < 0.05 between groups.
PMC9959303
viruses-15-00573-g004.jpg
0.422381
fe7ec8a1aee94d1880458ad28a091271
Altered profile of eCBs and PAF induced by the use of GCs in patients with COVID-19. (a) Correlation matrix between lipid mediators species in individuals using GCs. The color scale sidebar indicates the correlation coefficients (r), color-coded: red, positive correlation; blue, negative correlation; the intensity of the color represents the intensity of the correlation. Values adjust between −1.0 and 1.0. Significance levels indicated with gray asterisks are based on the p-value < 0.05 of the Spearman’s correlation coefficient (r)*. (b) Production of arachidonic acid (AA) in COVID-19 patients with the use of GCs, healthy controls (n = 18), non-GC (n = 22) and GC (n = 30). Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis multiple comparison test (non-parametric), followed by Dunn’s post-test. Data are expressed as median in boxplot graphs with minimum and maximum values with a confidence interval of +/−95%. Significance levels shown are based on statistically significant p < 0.05 values between groups. (c) Schematic representation of the eCBs and PAF pathways in COVID-19 patients and the regulation of GCs in this model. (Created with BioRender.com, Agreement number: RJ24TV89SK).
PMC9959303
viruses-15-00573-g005a.jpg
0.417507
352eb66f2ae54d73ad2a934e539d0282
Functional annotation of the Heterosigma akashiwo full-length transcriptome. (a) Summary of the unigene annotation with seven public databases. At least: the number of unigenes that were annotated with at least one database. All: the number of unigenes that were annotated with all the databases; (b) Venn diagram of the annotation among the five databases.
PMC9959365
microorganisms-11-00389-g001.jpg
0.483304
abe222e9b0204fb1a66656c696d02241
Gene Ontology functional classification of all the unigenes of Heterosigma akashiwo.
PMC9959365
microorganisms-11-00389-g002.jpg
0.419741
5ba886765d5b4b38a51880e4c47bbd25
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes classification of all the unigenes of Heterosigma akashiwo.
PMC9959365
microorganisms-11-00389-g003.jpg
0.429332
0e0d2b4a71b94a83b932acc2e1002fd1
A cell model showing the unigenes of Heterosigma akashiwo involved in nitrogen uptake and metabolism. This model was modified from previous studies [34]. The red and black boxes represent the unigenes that were detected and not detected, respectively. The detail information of these genes is listed in Table S2.
PMC9959365
microorganisms-11-00389-g004.jpg
0.446224
a8b3b25b19e944fa9489469ffc5a97d8
A cell model showing the unigenes of Heterosigma akashiwo that are involved in phosphorus uptake and metabolism. This model was modified from previous studies [35,36]. The red and black boxes represent the unigenes that were detected and not detected, respectively. The detail information of these genes is listed in Table S3.
PMC9959365
microorganisms-11-00389-g005.jpg
0.456977
329817dd13634832b9ec8371ee374253
Identification of the transcription factors (TFs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) of Heterosigma akashiwo. (a) The distribution of the top 20 transcript families. (b) A Venn diagram of the lncRNAs that were predicted by the CNCI, CPC, Pflam, and PLEK. The detail information of these genes is listed in Tables S4 and S5.
PMC9959365
microorganisms-11-00389-g006.jpg
0.407033
db7bc8f9a8fa4aa6b74ebb3eb26dcc9c
The distribution of the detected simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in the Heterosigma akashiwo transcriptome. Mono: mononucleotide; Di: dinucleotide; Tri: trinucleotide; Tetra: tetranucleotide; Penta: pentanucleotide; and Hexa: hexanucleotide. The detail information of these genes is listed in Table S6.
PMC9959365
microorganisms-11-00389-g007.jpg
0.51184
264866220cd840ec9272c42d4008bb1b
X-ray diffractograms analysis of Ti-18Zr-15Nb alloy after quenching and quenching followed by aging.
PMC9959511
materials-16-01754-g001.jpg
0.454781
4768ece7893248dd983fe6b53ea52473
X-ray diffractograms of Ti-18Zr-15Nb alloy after HPT and aging.
PMC9959511
materials-16-01754-g002.jpg
0.394807
ee69498079ee43e3a8163f3fae89e5b0
Volume fraction of α-phase in the Ti-18Zr-15Nb alloy depending on annealing route after (a) initial quenching; (b) initial HPT.
PMC9959511
materials-16-01754-g003.jpg
0.434294
5937245ee6964f64a0195087312c61ee
Hardness of the Ti-18Zr-15Nb alloy depending on annealing route after: (a) quenching and (b) HPT.
PMC9959511
materials-16-01754-g004.jpg
0.388699
85633ea674384d618b5e3c316ddb8dc1
TEM images of the Ti-18Zr-15Nb alloy after: (a) Q + 450 °C 3 h; (b) Q + 450 °C 12 h. Bright field (BF) and dark field (DF) images, and SAED patterns are shown. Zone axis is close to <110> β. In (a), DF1 is taken from an individual 211β family reflex, while DF2 is taken from an individual 110α reflex. In (b), DF1 is taken from an individual 100α family reflex, while DF2 is taken from 110β reflex.
PMC9959511
materials-16-01754-g005.jpg
0.435072
1a3079f69e35406b94a99274c88a7907
TEM images of the Ti-18Zr-15Nb alloy after: (a) HPT + 450 °C 3 h; (b) HPT + 450 °C 12 h. Bright field (BF) and dark field (DF) images, and SAED patterns. In Figure 6a, the DF1 is from both 110β and 100α rings, while DF2 is from individual 110α family reflex. In Figure 6b, the DF1 is taken from 100α, 110β and 021α″ families reflex, while DF2 is from 100α and 021α″ reflexes.
PMC9959511
materials-16-01754-g006.jpg
0.442101
4868e97c58a54a69aa69e59c406ce4e6
Microstructure of the Ti-18Zr-15Nb alloy after: (a,c) Q + 500 °C 12 h; (b,d) HPT + 500 °C 12 h; (e) Q + 550 °C 12 h; and (f) HPT + 550 °C 12 h.
PMC9959511
materials-16-01754-g007.jpg
0.418444
6bf4c8c803f14305be8f762ca8fdbe61
C-curve of α-phase formation after Q and after HPT.
PMC9959511
materials-16-01754-g008.jpg
0.409958
74017d8cb5ff497eb194ffab4826ad41
The 3D-printed PLA discs, which are 2.85 mm thick, are drop-coated with 0.00 mg of GO (a), with 0.10 mg of GO (b); 3D-printed PLA discs of 2.20 mm thick (c), and 5.60 mm thick (d), are drop-coated with 0.10 mg of GO.
PMC9959892
jfb-14-00080-g001.jpg
0.507794
f2d3284c4c2443ccb13de8d9391696ee
Fourier Transform (FT)Raman spectra in both faces of the GO-PLA discs.
PMC9959892
jfb-14-00080-g002.jpg
0.447502
63c30dabebc8416aab3912c8d413ae1e
Descriptive graphic of the experimental setup using a diode NIR laser and two thermographic cameras.
PMC9959892
jfb-14-00080-g003.jpg
0.39848
189c6bd0cc3e4a5b81a4513dd2e5a24f
Flowchart of the experimental procedure.
PMC9959892
jfb-14-00080-g004.jpg
0.44822
008237cc8b194504ad81995db228a236
Temporal evolution of the average temperature on the upper surface of the probe.
PMC9959892
jfb-14-00080-g005.jpg
0.421335
f6d1ed4940f948788b546995eaee8e37
Description of the numerical process to ascertain the thermal conductivity of the probe based on the experimental results.
PMC9959892
jfb-14-00080-g006.jpg
0.43446
51c8b1faa4fe4084b4cd7fbb83a0621c
Graph of the obtained value of thermal conductivity vs. the difference in the average temperature between the upper and lower surfaces of the probe for all the experimental points.
PMC9959892
jfb-14-00080-g007.jpg
0.415753
944e480abf9b456398846c5fdfc82bfb
Graph of the total absorbed power (left axis) and the percentage of absorbed power with respect to the total emitted power (right axis) vs the NIR laser emitted power (horizontal axis).
PMC9959892
jfb-14-00080-g008.jpg
0.452582
c10bcda2e2b54cfa818facfeaf0c5266
Graph of the profile of the temperature at the bottom surface of the probe for the different values of the mass of GO and laser power. The percentage values represent the percentage of the area of the surface that is above each level of hyperthermia (dotted horizontal lines).
PMC9959892
jfb-14-00080-g009.jpg
0.42099
bfcab71eec9d4adba4cb148f9460c7d7
Graph of the average temperature on the bottom surface of the probe, depending on the probe thickness and the emitted laser power.
PMC9959892
jfb-14-00080-g010.jpg
0.424216
f8fc9c23289747c789ffe515be2c0c59
Graph of the profile for temperature on the bottom surface of the probe for the different values of probe thickness and laser power. Percentage values represent the percentage of the area of the surface that was above each level of hyperthermia (dotted horizontal lines).
PMC9959892
jfb-14-00080-g011.jpg
0.485554
6162915ca88a4b589d00eb07c8758587
Major contributions to the deposited data in the GISAID platform in terms of submitting country (A) and month of submission from February 2020 until July 2022 (B). In both graphics, the continent of submission is indicated in the color code. In (A) only countries that contributed to at least 0.5% of the data are indicated individually.
PMC9959893
viruses-15-00560-g001.jpg
0.387067
859bfb4b7bc6492380a6be626083b5a0
Percentage of sequenced genomes of SARS-CoV-2 given the reported incidence in different countries. Values displayed include months from March 2020 until July 2022.
PMC9959893
viruses-15-00560-g002.jpg
0.411183
ce99c092555145cebdfea2b233b74424
Estimated time elapsed between SARS-CoV-2 isolate collection and the deposit of the genome in the GISAID dataset for each continent; ((A) Africa, (B) Asia, (C) Europe, (D) North America, (E) Oceania, and (F) South America), between February 2020 and July 2022.
PMC9959893
viruses-15-00560-g003.jpg
0.417407
ed84facac6c841aebd2f7396043023cc
Heat map contextualizing the relative percentage of sequenced genomes in each country against the average percentages worldwide. Red points indicate that the percentage in that country/month was higher than the average worldwide, white represents a similar average, while tones of blue indicate that the average of sequenced genomes was lower than the worldwide average.
PMC9959893
viruses-15-00560-g004.jpg
0.420022
814ae7fa0a02434aad70f4ac77b25732
Heat map representing the percentage of hypothetical uncharacterized genomes present in each country against the hypothetical global values. A scale from white to blue to black indicates an increasing percentage. Black indicates that in that month, that country accounts for 2.4% or over of genetically uncharacterized SARS-CoV-2 genomes in the world.
PMC9959893
viruses-15-00560-g005.jpg
0.449397
c7134a5444644c878189a7a723f994e0
Geographic interpolation results of the first appearance of global clades as deposited in GISAID using the Kriging algorithm. Results were obtained for clades G (A), GH (B), GR (C), GK (D), GV (E), GRY (F) and GRA (G).
PMC9959893
viruses-15-00560-g006.jpg
0.452392
a282f2867d3049db8e1d32b45e3212a2
Median networks of the earliest deposited data of global SARS-CoV-2 lineages. The reference sequence was used as an outgroup in each. Networks are colored according to their geography and also according to time of collection. Networks were performed for clades G (A), GH (B), GR (C), GK (D), GV (E), GRY (F) and GRA (G).
PMC9959893
viruses-15-00560-g007.jpg
0.398023
28faf951a90e4580a844710a72a86aa2
(A) All DNA vaccine constructs consisted of circular double-stranded DNA. Traditional plasmids, pTarget O1P1-3C and mpTarget O1P1-3CLT, are of larger size than minicircles O1P1-3C or O1P1-HIV-3CT. Minicircle and plasmid features; 1: SV40 polyA, 2: attP/attB, 3: CMV promoter, 4: O1P1, 5: 3C protease, 6: HIV frameshift, 7: ORI, 8: CMV enhancer, 9: Intron, 10: SGLuc biomarker, 11: Neomycin selection marker, and 12: AmpR. (B) Western blots of transfected cell lysates demonstrate fully processed VPs with O1P1-3C minicircles and mpTarget O1P1-3CLT plasmid, whereas lysates of the O1P1-HIV-3CT minicircle transfected cells demonstrate both fully processed VPs and partially processed intermediates.
PMC9960313
vaccines-11-00386-g001.jpg
0.499641
36a67f48a2f7416a8ac41dea952868a2
TEM of cells transfected with either O1P1-3C minicircles, pTarget O1P1-3C, or mpTarget O1P1-3CLT plasmid, showing FMDV VLP crystalline arrays; the black bar represents 500 nm. Cells transfected with pTarget O1P1-3C were evaluated by immuno-EM utilizing gold labeled F1412SA antibody.
PMC9960313
vaccines-11-00386-g002.jpg
0.459348
e8b24360beae48a795d994a5e4591a48
Antigen extracted from cells transfected with mpTarget O1P1-3CLT plasmid was found to (A) sediment at the appropriate density using a cesium chloride density gradient and (B) produce VNTs in two guinea pigs, ear tags D17-57 and D17-58, inoculated in a non-challenge study at 7 (blue) and 14 (orange) days post-vaccination. VNTs were further enhanced at 28 days post-vaccination (gray) following a boost at day 21.
PMC9960313
vaccines-11-00386-g003.jpg
0.431363
68d0ba936566410790d56b5120ccb10c
(A) Relative luciferase units per half second of IBRS2 cells transfected with either traditional plasmid, pTarget (blue), or minicircles (red), expressing the SGLuc reporter and monitored over three days of expression. (B) Minicircles are less than half the size of pTarget, they do not contain additional features to enhance transgene expression, such as chimeric intron and CMV enhancer sequences.
PMC9960313
vaccines-11-00386-g004.jpg
0.408772
b655e79cf9c44336804ef203cfc330a9
Surface (a-1,a-2) and cross-sectional (b-1,b-2) microstructures of the as-sprayed 316L stainless steel coating.
PMC9960317
materials-16-01392-g001.jpg
0.383951
d3149fdea0f747b59a749b692dc61504
Surface (-1) and linear profiles (-2) of the 316L (a), ground 316L (b), coating (c), and ground coating (d) samples.
PMC9960317
materials-16-01392-g002.jpg
0.417936
5b98ca855e04434587144c6e7daa3a9a
XRD patterns (a) and microhardness (b) values of the specimens before cavitation erosion.
PMC9960317
materials-16-01392-g003.jpg
0.432566
769f4f1f10914a3e92b2459ee80a091f
Cumulative mass losses (a) and average erosion rates (b) of the specimens after cavitation erosion exposure for 6 h in deionized water.
PMC9960317
materials-16-01392-g004.jpg
0.510898
df14a765858a420aa3322b0590135a10
Surfaces of the 316L (a-1–a-4) and ground 316L (b-1–b-4) specimens before and after cavitation erosion.
PMC9960317
materials-16-01392-g005.jpg
0.407925
63986b5b636046a59ba68497cbc25050
Surface of the coating (a) and ground coating (b) specimens before and after cavitation erosion.
PMC9960317
materials-16-01392-g006.jpg
0.447672
d3551883c3d848e4bad7a0cd9b40e8c3
The microstructural evolution of the coating (a) and ground coating (b) specimens during the cavitation erosion process for (-1) 0 min, (-2) 1 min, (-3) 3 min, (-4) 5 min, (-5) 10 min, and (-6) 20 min.
PMC9960317
materials-16-01392-g007.jpg
0.438577
2f0d69d01a414b12b6b1973616b81f07
The microstructural evolution of the ground coating during the cavitation erosion process for (a) 0 min, (b) 15 min, (c) 45 min, (d) 60 min, (e) 120 min, and (f) 150 min.
PMC9960317
materials-16-01392-g008.jpg
0.443436
83a0dae77a724085ba4a5c71c03f17e4
Effect of nitrogen deficiency on peanut root development and growth. Root morphology of peanut under high nitrogen (A) and low nitrogen (B) for five days and that under high nitrogen (C) and low nitrogen (D) for ten days. The original size of the target bar is 1 cm high and 2 cm wide.
PMC9960604
plants-12-00732-g001.jpg
0.468503
56d0f94895a148ad83a6e3442334a0ac
Effect of nitrogen deficiency on the leaf nitrogen balance index (NBI). HN: high nitrogen; LN: low nitrogen. The different letters on the bars indicate a significant difference at p < 0.05 between the high-nitrogen and low-nitrogen treatments on the same day.
PMC9960604
plants-12-00732-g002.jpg
0.521877
bafb00f2f40e47d9b7454e7d3623ff4d
Effect of nitrogen deficiency on enzyme activities in peanut roots. Nitrate reductase (NR) (A), glutamine synthetase (GS) (B), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) (C), and glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GOGAT) (D). HN: high nitrogen; LN: low nitrogen. The different letters on the bars indicate a significant difference at p < 0.05 between the high-nitrogen and low-nitrogen treatments on the same day.
PMC9960604
plants-12-00732-g003.jpg