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[ { "docid": "0a2bb56c54cdc7f4310a2859ce97efe9", "text": "Minions (film) Minions is a 2015 American computer-animated comedy film , serving as a spin-off/prequel to the Despicable Me franchise . Produced by Illumination Entertainment for Universal Pictures , it was directed by Pierre Coffin and Kyle Balda , written by Brian Lynch , and produced by Chris Meledandri and Janet Healy . The film stars the voices of Coffin ( as the Minions , including : Kevin , Stuart and Bob ) , Sandra Bullock , Jon Hamm , Michael Keaton , Allison Janney , Steve Coogan and Jennifer Saunders with the narration provided by Geoffrey Rush . It was first foreshadowed in the end credits of Despicable Me 2 ( 2013 ) , where Kevin , Stuart and Bob , three of the Minions , are seen auditioning for the film . Minions had its premiere on June 11 , 2015 , in Leicester Square , London , and went into general release in the United States on July 10 , 2015 . Critical response was mixed : some critics praised the comedic aspects of the film and the performances of Bullock and Hamm , while also felt that the title characters were not able to carry the film on their own , and that the villains were flatly characterized . The film has grossed over $ 1.1 billion worldwide ( outgrossing each of the Despicable Me films ) , making it the thirteenth highest-grossing film of all time , the second highest-grossing animated film and the highest-grossing non-Disney animated film . A sequel is scheduled to be released on July 3 , 2020 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "e519504249dba82c4d141cd1e40426d7", "text": "The Untouchables of Elliot Mouse The Untouchables of Elliot Mouse is a 26 half-hour television animated series loosely inspired by the real life Eliot Ness , and his group of agents colloquially known as The Untouchables , and their investigation into the real life gangster Al Capone , although ( as with past adaptations ) it does take some liberties with history . The series also parodies the violent atmosphere of Chicago during the Dry Law , as well as the old American films , their heroes and villains . The main characters in this series are four friendly mice : Elliot `` Mouse '' , Gordon , Mr. Wilson , and Jack the Irishman , although there are also some cats and dogs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5f4c32797741a74c1b25fa6d76b95ed", "text": "Toy Story (franchise) Toy Story is a computer animated film series and Disney media franchise that began with the original 1995 film , Toy Story , produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . The franchise is based on the anthropomorphic concept that all toys , unknown to humans , are secretly alive , and the films focus on a diverse group of toys that feature a classic cowboy , Sheriff Woody , and modern spaceman , Buzz Lightyear . The group unexpectedly embark on adventures that challenge and change them . The first two films of the franchise were directed by John Lasseter , and the third by Lee Unkrich , who acted as the co-director of the second film ( together with Lasseter and Ash Brannon ) . Lasseter will return to direct the upcoming fourth film . All three films , produced on a total budget of $ 320 million , have grossed more than $ 1.9 billion worldwide . Each film set box office records , with the third included in the top 15 all time worldwide films . Critics have given all three films extremely positive reviews . Special Blu-ray and DVD editions of Toy Story and Toy Story 2 were released on March 23 , 2010 . They were also re-released in theaters as a Disney Digital 3-D `` double feature '' for at least two weeks in October 2009 . The series is the 24th highest-grossing franchise worldwide , the fifth highest-grossing animated franchise ( behind Shrek , Ice Age , Despicable Me and Madagascar ) , and is among the most critically acclaimed trilogies of all time . On November 1 , 2011 , all three Toy Story films were released in Disney Blu-ray 3D as a trilogy pack and as individual films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d30ab7597849321600da8691853e1d1", "text": "Trio (Buffy the Vampire Slayer) The Trio is a group of three fictional characters in the sixth season of Buffy the Vampire Slayer , who serve as the villains of the season . They continually strive to neutralize Buffy , the Slayer , and thus the primary obstacle to their ultimate goal of taking over Sunnydale . Though initially comic relief and little more than a nuisance to the Scooby Gang , they take a darker turn by the episode `` Dead Things '' . Most of their schemes combine science and mysticism , and they are able to avoid detection by the Scoobies ( who merely assume their conducts to be the doings of demons ) until halfway through the season . The Trio was formed by Warren Mears , technology expert ; Andrew Wells , summoner of demons ; and Jonathan Levinson , caster of spells . Jonathan was a long time recurring character , having first appeared in season 2 , and was a friendly acquaintance of the Scooby Gang , and Warren had appeared twice in season 5 . While Andrew had never been seen on the show before , his brother was in `` The Prom '' episode , and Andrew often speaks of the time he summoned flying demon monkeys to the school production of Romeo and Juliet , of which Buffy and the Scoobies have no recollection . The three of them begin season 6 as good friends . Tired of being pushed around , they resolve to combine their expertise and `` take over Sunnydale '' as equal partners . As the stakes rise , the power shifts and Warren gradually dominates the group . Though Jonathan and Andrew lack the malice and hatred of true villains , Warren eventually reveals his true colors as a violent misogynist capable of murder . The Trio is continually thwarted by Buffy , and none of their actions make any name for themselves in Sunnydale 's mystical underground , as revealed in `` Villains '' . The group is ultimately disbanded when , after a face-off with Buffy , Warren flees and leaves Andrew and Jonathan to take the fall with the police .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee5eb2faf688d2bc896dd479902dc004", "text": "Warner Bros. Cartoons Warner Bros. . Cartoons , Inc. was the in-house division of Warner Bros. . Pictures during the Golden Age of American animation . One of the most successful animation studios in American media history , Warner Bros. . Cartoons was primarily responsible for the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies theatrical cartoon short subjects . The characters featured in these cartoons , including Bugs Bunny , Daffy Duck , Porky Pig , Speedy Gonzales , Sylvester and Tweety , Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner , are among the most famous and recognizable characters in the world . Many of the creative staff members at the studio , including directors and animators such as Chuck Jones , Friz Freleng , Robert McKimson , Tex Avery , Robert Clampett and Frank Tashlin , are considered major figures in the art and history of traditional animation . The Warner animation division was founded in 1933 as Leon Schlesinger Productions , an independent company which produced the popular Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies animated short subjects for release by Warner Bros. . Pictures . In 1944 , Schlesinger sold the studio to Warner Bros. , who continued to operate it as Warner Bros. . Cartoons , Inc. until 1963 . Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies were briefly subcontracted to Freleng 's DePatie-Freleng Enterprises studio from 1964 until 1967 . The Warner Bros. . Cartoons studio briefly re-opened in 1967 before shutting its doors for good two years later . A successor company , Warner Bros. . Animation , was established in 1980 . That company continues to produce Looney Tunes-related works , in addition to television shows and feature films centering on other properties . The classic Warner Bros. animation studio is sometimes referred to as `` Termite Terrace '' , a name given to the temporary headquarters Tex Avery and his animators were assigned to during Avery 's first year as a Looney Tunes director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62571959d6cd5ff6fe31d4c515342111", "text": "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (film series) Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles is a film series based on the comic book characters of the same name created by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird . The first film in the series , titled Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles , was released in 1990 at the height of the franchise 's popularity and was a commercial success . The success of the film garnered two direct sequels , respectively released in 1991 and 1993 , and a CGI animated film in 2007 billed as TMNT building on the success of the 2003 -- 09 TV series . The series was rebooted in a new film made by Paramount Pictures and Nickelodeon Movies , released on August 8 , 2014 . The sequel was released on June 3 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4c7609f939afa1e742761f2448e22d1", "text": "Mr. Cranky Mr. Cranky , a satirical film critic , was created in 1995 by Jason Katzman and Hans Bjordahl . The Cranky personae premises that all movies are terrible ; at issue , solely , is the severity of pain , insult , discomfort or idiocy projected , injected , ingested , subjected or otherwise presented . There are no good films in the Cranky pantheon ; only films which inflict greater or lesser suffering . Subtextually , the Mr. Cranky website is a comment on an uncritical film-reviewing culture . In contrast to boilerplate , overly effusive reviews -- often including declarations that incorporate a film 's theme or title in a pun or play-on-words -- the Cranky review is received on the originality of its portrayal of physical suffering and mental anguish effected by the viewing experience . The movies are rated on a six-step scale , with the least bad ( i.e. best ) film receiving one `` bomb . '' Films that cause greater suffering receive additional `` bombs . '' ( Up to four . ) Movies deemed particularly offensive receive a Dynamite or `` Boomstick '' rating . The worst films ( i.e. those Cranky has marked as irredeemable -- `` Proof that Jesus died in vain '' in classic Cranky vernacular ) receive the Animated Atomic Explosion or `` Kaboom ! '' rating . In October 2001 , a `` guest reviewer '' named Mr. Smiley appeared . A post-modern reflection of the Cranky character 's anti-reviews , Mr. Smiley is a mirror opposite of the Mr. Cranky personae : all reviews are hyperbolically positive . Mr. Smiley is a stereotypical smiley face smelling a pink Freesia flower , appearing every year near Halloween . Consistent with the theme , the Smiley character has a rising five-step scale going from one smiley face to the `` Prozacerrific ! '' Happy Pill . Consistent with other 20th-century artists including the post World War I Dadaists ( Absurdists ) and post-modern anti-art of the 1960s -- best embodied by Warhol 's `` pop art '' works and Lichenstein 's self-portraits -- Mr. Smilely was an effective ironic tool used to comment on the deficiencies of uncritical analysis and review .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5034a6f9e7bc9dde828eed076e222bb", "text": "Marilyn Manson discography American industrial metal band Marilyn Manson has released nine studio albums , one live album , one compilation album , two EPs , twenty-four singles , nine promo singles , five DVDs , and thirty-four music videos . After forming in 1989 and signing a contract with Nothing Records and Interscope in 1993 , the band released their first studio album , Portrait of an American Family ( 1994 ) . Although initially not a commercial success , the album would eventually be certified gold by the RIAA for shipments in excess of 500,000 copies . Spurred by their hit single -- a version of the Eurythmics 's `` Sweet Dreams ( Are Made of This ) '' -- the band 's first EP , Smells Like Children ( 1995 ) , became a commercial success , selling over a million copies in the US alone . In 1996 , the band released their second studio album , Antichrist Superstar , which reached No. 3 on the Billboard 200 and has sold over 1.9 million copies in the US . The album went on to sell over 7 million copies worldwide , and was supported by the release of 1997 's Remix & Repent EP . Their third studio album , Mechanical Animals ( 1998 ) , was a commercial and critical success , reaching No. 1 on the Billboard 200 , as well topping the charts in as Australia and Canada . Mechanical Animals was later followed by their first live album , The Last Tour on Earth ( 1999 ) , which included the promotional single `` Astonishing Panorama of the Endtimes '' . In 2000 , the band released Holy Wood ( In the Shadow of the Valley of Death ) , which managed to sell more than 9 million copies worldwide . Their fifth studio album , The Golden Age of Grotesque ( 2003 ) , was a modest commercial success in their native US , debuting at No. 1 with sales of 118,000 copies . As of November 2008 , the album has sold 526,000 copies in the US . In contrast , the album was , by far , Manson 's most successful internationally , peaking within the top five in most of the major European markets . Their sixth album , Eat Me , Drink Me , was released in 2007 and debuted at No. 8 on the Billboard 200 . The High End of Low ( 2009 ) , reached No. 4 on both the US and Canadian album charts , but was their last album released by Interscope . After signing a deal with Cooking Vinyl , the band released Born Villain in 2012 . Their ninth studio album , The Pale Emperor , was released on January 20 , 2015 , debuting at No. 8 in the US with their highest first week sales since Eat Me , Drink Me in 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2eb6c4391d6099a4480c69d005447066", "text": "Kung Fu Panda 2 Kung Fu Panda 2 is a 2011 3D American computer-animated comedy-drama martial arts film , directed by Jennifer Yuh Nelson , produced by DreamWorks Animation , and distributed by Paramount Pictures . It is the sequel to the 2008 film Kung Fu Panda and the second installment in the Kung Fu Panda franchise . Jack Black , Angelina Jolie , Dustin Hoffman , Seth Rogen , Lucy Liu , David Cross , James Hong , and Jackie Chan reprise their character roles from the original film . They are joined by Gary Oldman , Michelle Yeoh and Danny McBride . In the film , Po and the Furious Five battle an evil peacock named Lord Shen who has a powerful weapon that he plans to conquer China with . However Po discovers a terrifying secret about his past in the process . The film was released in theatres May 26 , 2011 in Real D 3D and Digital 3D . Kung Fu Panda 2 grossed $ 665 million worldwide against its $ 150 million budget . The film was the highest-grossing animated feature film of the year and was nominated for the 2011 Academy Award for Best Animated Feature at the 84th Academy Awards . A sequel , titled Kung Fu Panda 3 , and directed by Jennifer Yuh Nelson and Alessandro Carloni , was released on January 29 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8647b2eb8a26e412ed44ffe47fcb933d", "text": "Alien (film) Alien is a 1979 British-American science-fiction horror film directed by Ridley Scott , and starring Sigourney Weaver , Tom Skerritt , Veronica Cartwright , Harry Dean Stanton , John Hurt , Ian Holm and Yaphet Kotto . The film 's title refers to a highly aggressive extraterrestrial creature that stalks and kills the crew of a spaceship . Dan O'Bannon wrote the screenplay from a story he wrote with Ronald Shusett , drawing influence from previous works of science fiction and horror . The film was produced by Gordon Carroll , David Giler and Walter Hill through their Brandywine Productions and distributed by 20th Century Fox . Giler and Hill made revisions and additions to the script . Shusett was executive producer . The eponymous Alien and its accompanying elements were designed by Swiss artist H. R. Giger , while concept artists Ron Cobb and Chris Foss designed the human aspects of the film . Alien launched the Alien franchise and is chronologically the first of the main series , with the prequel series set in an earlier timeframe . Alien received both critical acclaim and box office success , receiving an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects , Saturn Awards for Best Science Fiction Film , Best Direction for Scott , and Best Supporting Actress for Cartwright , and a Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation , along with numerous other award nominations . It has remained highly praised in subsequent decades , being considered one of the greatest films of all time . In 2002 , the film was deemed `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' by the Library of Congress and was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry . In 2008 , it was ranked as the seventh-best film in the science fiction genre by the American Film Institute , and as the 33rd greatest film of all time by Empire magazine . The success of Alien spawned a media franchise of novels , comic books , video games , and toys . It also launched Weaver 's acting career by providing her with her first lead role , and the story of her character Ellen Ripley 's encounters with the Alien creatures became the thematic thread that ran through the sequels Aliens ( 1986 ) , Alien 3 ( 1992 ) and Alien : Resurrection ( 1997 ) . , a crossover with the Predator franchise produced the Alien vs. Predator series , which includes Alien vs. Predator ( 2004 ) and Aliens vs. Predator : Requiem ( 2007 ) , and also a prequel series of films , which includes Prometheus ( 2012 ) and Alien : Covenant ( 2017 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d07acedbe2d06cb0cb10eca8c97004a4", "text": "Megadeus is the name given to the giant robots and monsters of The Big O anime series . Forty years prior to the events of the series , the world was turned into a vast desert wasteland and the survivors were left without memories . The megadeuses are portrayed as remnants of the previous civilization , a lost technology few citizens of Paradigm know how to control . The word is a blend of the Greek mega - , meaning `` Great '' , and the Latin deus , meaning `` god '' . The pilot of a `` Big '' megadeus is a , taken from Latin . The robots were designed by series creator Keiichi Sato , who also designed the Mazinger mechas featured on the Mazinkaiser OVA and the mutant creatures of The SoulTaker TV series . The designs are strange and `` more macho than practical . '' Unlike the giants of other robot anime , the megadeuses do not exhibit ninja-like speed nor grace or possess voice-activated special attacks ; but for what they lack in agility , they more than make-up in firepower and protection . The robots come armed with weaponry like missiles , piston powered punches , machine guns , and laser cannons . The nature of the megadeuses is tied to the event forty years prior . In the final episode of the first season , Roger Smith has a flashback in the form of a nightmare : an army of `` Big '' megadeuses burn down the city as a group of bald children look on . In the second season premiere , he experiences a lucid dream of a town without domes , where its citizens have not forgotten who they are and megadeuses are nowhere to be found . In the final episode , he gets another burst of memories : the city stands in ruins and multiple `` Big '' megadeuses fight amongst themselves while a winged giant oversees the onslaught . In the tradition of Japanese monster movies , The Big O features monsters modeled after conventional or mythological creatures . The series follows the `` villain of the week '' formula , meaning the protagonist is hired to do a job and by episode 's end he must battle a monster using a giant robot of his own . Given the series ' style , for some critics the robot battles seem out of place , while others praise the `` over-the-top-ness '' of their execution . The term `` megadeus '' is officially used to refer to all giant robots and monsters seen in the series , though the term is often used to refer solely to the four `` Big '' robots . The `` Bigs '' are unique among the other megadeuses in that they are implied to be at least semi-sentient and have the ability to judge a person 's worthiness to be a pilot through the phrase `` Cast in the Name of God , '' then a declaration of either `` Ye Not Guilty '' or `` Ye Guilty . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a555543bd4385eb8516cdf76fa407514", "text": "Miramax Miramax ( also known as Miramax Films , stylized as MIRAMAX ) is an American entertainment company known for producing and distributing films and television shows . It is headquartered in Santa Monica , California . Miramax was founded in 1979 by Bob and Harvey Weinstein , and was a leading independent film motion picture distribution and production company before it was acquired by the Walt Disney Company on June 30 , 1993 . Shortly thereafter , Pulp Fiction was released . The Weinsteins operated Miramax with more creative and financial independence than any other division of Disney , until September 30 , 2005 when they decided to leave the company and founded The Weinstein Company . Miramax was sold by Disney to Filmyard Holdings , a joint venture of Colony Capital , Tutor-Saliba Corporation , and Qatar Investment Authority , in 2010 , ending Disney 's 17-year ownership of the studio . In 2016 , ownership was transferred to beIN Media Group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5d28db97be6489e8a4e0068e177aff0", "text": "List of live-action puppet films Only films in which all the characters are represented by puppets should be listed here . For animated films featuring puppets , see List of stop-motion films . Thunderbirds Are GO ( 1966 ) - UK Thunderbird 6 ( 1968 ) - UK The Muppet Movie ( 1979 ) - USA The Dark Crystal ( 1982 ) - USA/UK The Great Muppet Caper ( 1982 ) - USA The Muppets Take Manhattan ( 1984 ) - USA Gremlins ( 1984 ) - USA Sesame Street Presents Follow That Bird ( 1985 ) - USA Labyrinth ( 1986 ) - USA Superstar : The Karen Carpenter Story ( 1987 ) - USA Meet the Feebles ( 1989 ) - New Zealand Gremlins 2 : The New Batch ( 1990 ) - USA The Muppet Christmas Carol ( 1992 ) - USA Muppet Treasure Island ( 1996 ) - USA The Adventures of Elmo in Grouchland ( 1999 ) - USA Muppets from Space ( 1999 ) - USA Legend of the Sacred Stone ( 2000 ) - Taiwan Strings ( 2004 ) - Denmark/Norway/Sweden / UK Team America : World Police ( 2004 ) - USA Dante 's Inferno ( 2007 ) - USA 31 minutos , la película ( 2008 ) - Chile/Brazil/Spain Play ! ( 2008 , short film ) The Muppets ( 2011 ) - USA The Fuzz ( 2013 ) - USA Muppets Most Wanted ( 2014 ) - USA Lessons Learned ( 2014 , short film ) - USA Scooby-Doo ! Adventures : The Mystery Map ( 2014 ) - USA", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e1562e3e2ba348de668f39a050d4889", "text": "Japan Academy Prize for Outstanding Foreign Language Film Every year since its inception , the Japanese Academy has recognized an outstanding foreign film . The year that any given film is nominated is not based on the film 's domestic release date but rather on the date it is released in Japan . As delays of over four months are not uncommon , many films are nominated in Japan the following year after their release to the Japanese market ( i.e. Million Dollar Baby won the American Academy Award for Best Picture for films made in 2004 , but the Japanese award , based on its localized release date , is for 2005 ) . In fact , not one of the five films nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Picture had been released in Japan by February 15 , 2008 , the date of the Japan Academy Prize Ceremony . Although the 2007 recipient of this award , Letters from Iwo Jima , a film almost entirely in Japanese , would not seem to meet the qualification of a `` Foreign Language Film '' , the actual Japanese title of the award , 最優秀外国作品賞 makes no mention of language . It would be more accurately translated as `` Best Foreign Production '' . 2017 - Sully The Martian Zootopia Star Wars : The Force Awakens The Revenant 2016 - American Sniper Kingsman : The Secret Service Mad Max : Fury Road Spectre Whiplash 2015 - Frozen Interstellar Jersey Boys Fury Godzilla 2014 - Les Misérables 3 Idiots Captain Phillips Django Unchained Gravity 2013 - The Intouchables Argo The Dark Knight Rises The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo Skyfall 2012 - The King 's Speech Rise of the Planet of the Apes Moneyball The Social Network Black Swan 2011 - Avatar Inception Toy Story 3 Invictus The Hurt Locker 2010 - Gran Torino Slumdog Millionaire Changeling The Wrestler Red Cliff Part II 2009 - The Dark Knight The Bucket List No Country for Old Men Lust , Caution Red Cliff Part I 2008 - Letters from Iwo Jima Dreamgirls Babel Hairspray The Bourne Ultimatum 2007 - Flags of Our Fathers Crash Hotel Rwanda Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Man 's Chest The Da Vinci Code 2006 - Million Dollar Baby Cinderella Man Charlie and the Chocolate Factory The Phantom of the Opera Star Wars : Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith 2005 - The Last Samurai The Lord of the Rings : The Return of the King Mystic River Seabiscuit Troy 2004 - The Pianist Chicago The Hours The Lord of the Rings : The Two Towers Yeopgijeogin geunyeo 2003 - Monster 's Ball Gangs of New York Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets I Am Sam The Lord of the Rings : The Fellowship of the Ring 2002 - Billy Elliot Artificial Intelligence : AI Chocolat Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone Postmen in the Mountains 2001 - Dancer in the Dark American Beauty Gladiator The Green Mile Swiri 2000 - The Sixth Sense Elizabeth The Matrix Shakespeare in Love La Vita è bella 1999 - L.A. Confidential Armageddon As Good as It Gets Good Will Hunting Saving Private Ryan 1998 - Titanic The English Patient Shine Air Force One Seven Years in Tibet1997 - Il Postino Independence Day Mission : Impossible Se7en 12 Monkeys1996 - The Shawshank Redemption Apollo 13 The Bridges of Madison County Forrest Gump Léon 1995 - Schindler 's List The Piano Pulp Fiction Speed True Lies 1994 - Jurassic Park Cliffhanger The Fugitive Heaven & Earth Unforgiven 1993 - JFK The Lover Basic Instinct The Bodyguard A League of Their Own 1992 - Dances with Wolves Awakenings Nikita The Silence of the Lambs Terminator 2 : Judgment Day 1991 - Field of Dreams Die Hard 2 Ghost Cinema Paradiso Total Recall 1990 - Die Hard Black Rain Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade Major League Rain Man 1989 - The Last Emperor Fatal Attraction Full Metal Jacket Moonstruck Wall Street 1988 - Platoon Hannah and Her Sisters Stand By Me Top Gun The Untouchables 1987 - Back to the Future Aliens A Chorus Line The Color Purple Out of Africa 1986 - Amadeus The Cotton Club The Killing Fields A Passage to India Witness 1985 - Once Upon a Time in America Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom The Natural The Right Stuff Terms of Endearment 1984 - An Officer and a Gentleman The Woman Next DoorFlashdanceGandhiSophie 's Choice1983 - E.T. the Extra-TerrestrialDas BootChariots of FireOn Golden PondRocky III1982 - Die BlechtrommelBeing ThereThe Elephant ManOrdinary PeopleLes Uns et les Autres1981 - Kramer vs. KramerAll That JazzApocalypse NowManhattanTess1980 - The Deer HunterThe Tree of Wooden ClogsBig WednesdayThe ChampThe Travelling Players1979 - Conversation PieceClose Encounters of the Third KindThe Goodbye GirlStar Wars Episode IV : A New HopeThe Turning Point1978 - RockyThe Fire WithinNetworkSlap ShotVoyage of the Damned ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "98a2079b0b44e245effbe1b6f948c6ba", "text": "Machinima Machinima ( -LSB- məˈʃiːnᵻmə -RSB- or -LSB- məˈʃɪnᵻmə -RSB- ) is the use of real-time computer graphics engines to create a cinematic production . Most often video games are used to generate the computer animation . Machinima-based artists , sometimes called machinimists or machinimators , are often fan laborers , by virtue of their re-use of copyrighted materials ( see below ) . Machinima offers to provide an archive of gaming performance and access to the look and feel of software and hardware that may already have become unavailable or even obsolete ; for game studies , `` Machinima 's gestures grant access to gaming 's historical conditions of possibility and how machinima offers links to a comparative horizon that informs , changes , and fully participates in videogame culture . '' The practice of using graphics engines from video games arose from the animated software introductions of the 1980s demoscene , Disney Interactive Studios ' 1992 video game Stunt Island , and 1990s recordings of gameplay in first-person shooter ( FPS ) video games , such as id Software 's Doom and Quake . Originally , these recordings documented speedruns -- attempts to complete a level as quickly as possible -- and multiplayer matches . The addition of storylines to these films created `` Quake movies '' . The more general term machinima , a portmanteau of machine cinema , arose when the concept spread beyond the Quake series to other games and software . After this generalization , machinima appeared in mainstream media , including television series and advertisements . Machinima has advantages and disadvantages when compared to other styles of filmmaking . Its relative simplicity over traditional frame-based animation limits control and range of expression . Its real-time nature favors speed , cost saving , and flexibility over the higher quality of pre-rendered computer animation . Virtual acting is less expensive , dangerous , and physically restricted than live action . Machinima can be filmed by relying on in-game artificial intelligence ( AI ) or by controlling characters and cameras through digital puppetry . Scenes can be precisely scripted , and can be manipulated during post-production using video editing techniques . Editing , custom software , and creative cinematography may address technical limitations . Game companies have provided software for and have encouraged machinima , but the widespread use of digital assets from copyrighted games has resulted in complex , unresolved legal issues . Machinima productions can remain close to their gaming roots and feature stunts or other portrayals of gameplay . Popular genres include dance videos , comedy , and drama . Alternatively , some filmmakers attempt to stretch the boundaries of the rendering engines or to mask the original 3-D context . The Academy of Machinima Arts & Sciences ( AMAS ) , a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting machinima , recognizes exemplary productions through Mackie awards given at its annual Machinima Film Festival . Some general film festivals accept machinima , and game companies , such as Epic Games , Blizzard Entertainment and Jagex , have sponsored contests involving it .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1734ac75e0a5128f0ae5594272869571", "text": "Monster Cable Monster Inc. is an American company that manufactures and markets 6,000 different products , but is best known for audio and video cables . It also produces speakers , headphones , power strips , mobile accessories and audio devices for automobiles . The company was founded by an audiophile and engineer , Noel Lee , in 1979 by experimenting with different ways to build audio cables . It grew by doing demonstrations to convince the industry that audio cables made a difference in audio quality and by establishing relationships with retailers that were attracted to the cable 's profit margins . Over the years it created new divisions like Monster Music , Monster Game , Monster Mobile , Monster Photo and Monster Power . In the 2000s , Monster had legal trademark disputes regarding other companies or products that have `` Monster '' in their name , such as Monster.com and the film Monsters , Inc. . Monster said it needed to defend its premium brand , while critics said it was pursuing litigation against companies that do not have confusingly similar products . It began manufacturing headphones in a partnership with Dr. Dre in 2008 , which ended in 2012 , and it created other celebrity branded or Monster-branded headphone products . Several tests done by audiophile publications , news reporters and academics have conflicting viewpoints on whether more expensive audio or video cables like those from Monster make a difference in audio or video quality when compared to generic cables . Instead of advertising , Monster offers incentives to retailers and their salespeople to sell the cables . Retailers bundle high profit-margin cables with larger purchases that have smaller margins in order to improve profitability .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3ec9d899eca67259ed9f51856f87b4f", "text": "Academy Award for Best Animated Feature The Academy Awards are given each year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS or the Academy ) for the best films and achievements of the previous year . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature is given each year for animated films . An animated feature is defined by the Academy as a film with a running time of more than 40 minutes in which characters ' performances are created using a frame-by-frame technique , a significant number of the major characters are animated , and animation figures in no less than 75 percent of the running time . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature was first given for films made in 2001 . Through the 89th Academy Awards , presented in 2017 , Academy Award nominations in this category were made by the Academy 's animation section ; effective with the 2018 awards , all Academy members will be eligible to vote on nominations . The entire AMPAS membership has been eligible to choose the winner since the award 's inception . If there are sixteen or more films submitted for the category , the winner is voted from a shortlist of five films , which has happened six times , otherwise there will only be three films on the shortlist . Additionally , eight eligible animated features must have been theatrically released in Los Angeles County within the calendar year for this category to be activated . Animated films can be nominated for other categories , but have rarely been so ; Beauty and the Beast ( 1991 ) was the first animated film ever nominated for Best Picture . Up ( 2009 ) and Toy Story 3 ( 2010 ) also received Best Picture nominations after the Academy expanded the number of nominees . Waltz with Bashir ( 2008 ) is the only animated film ever nominated for Best Foreign Language Film ( though it did not receive a nomination for Best Animated Feature ) . The Nightmare Before Christmas ( 1993 ) and Kubo and the Two Strings ( 2016 ) are the only two animated films to ever be nominated for Best Visual Effects .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e50128bcbd5d2f49bc495827ef5995c", "text": "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is a 1982 American science fiction fantasy film co-produced and directed by Steven Spielberg , and written by Melissa Mathison . It features special effects by Carlo Rambaldi and Dennis Muren , and stars Henry Thomas , Dee Wallace , Robert MacNaughton , Drew Barrymore , Peter Coyote and Pat Welsh . It tells the story of Elliott ( Thomas ) , a lonely boy who befriends an extraterrestrial , dubbed `` E.T. '' , who is stranded on Earth . He and his siblings help it return home while attempting to keep it hidden from their mother and the government . The concept was based on an imaginary friend Spielberg created after his parents ' divorce in 1960 . In 1980 , Spielberg met Mathison and developed a new story from the stalled sci-fi horror film project Night Skies . It was shot from September to December 1981 in California on a budget of US$ 10.5 million . Unlike most films , it was shot in rough chronological order , to facilitate convincing emotional performances from the young cast . Released on June 11 , 1982 by Universal Pictures , E.T was an immediate blockbuster , surpassing Star Wars to become the highest-grossing film of all time -- a record it held for eleven years until Jurassic Park , another Spielberg-directed film , surpassed it in 1993 . It is the highest-grossing film of the 1980s . Widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time , critics acclaimed it as a timeless story of friendship , and it ranks as the greatest science fiction film ever made in a Rotten Tomatoes survey . In 1994 , it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . It was re-released in 1985 , and then again in 2002 to celebrate its 20th anniversary , with altered shots and additional scenes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bc89ff1103c527c0f67ac51e19ab506", "text": "Ogre An ogre ( feminine ogress ) is a term used in myth and folk tales for a variety of abominable and brutish hominid monsters , informally large , unpleasant , grotesque , predatory , and typically cannibalistic towards normal human beings , infants , and children . Ogres and similar creatures feature in mythology , folklore , and fiction around the world , appearing in many classic works of literature and fairy tales . Ogres vary in size depending on the depiction , ranging from moderately large and heavyset by human standards to inhuman and disproportionate giants . Common features include oversized heads and mouths , animal-like bodily hair , discolored skin , extreme physical strength , a voracious appetite , and a generally hideous appearance , odor , and manner . Ogres overlap heavily with giants in mythology and may be considered a subtype thereof ; they also overlap with human cannibals in fiction . The villainous giant in `` Jack and the Beanstalk '' and `` Jack the Giant Killer '' matches an ogre in description and is sometimes directly termed an ogre in variants , and other man-eating giants such as those in The BFG and the Giant Despair in The Pilgrim 's Progress are highly comparable . Further examples of famous folktales featuring ogres include Puss in Boots abd `` Hop-o ' - My-Thumb '' ; while the most famous ogres in modern fiction are the eponymous main character Shrek and his wife Fiona from the animated comedy film series of the same name . Other characters and monsters sometimes comparable to or described as ogres in trait include the titular husband in `` Bluebeard '' , the Beast from `` Beauty and the Beast '' , `` Beowulf 's '' enemy Grendel , the Cyclops Polyphemus from Homer 's Odyssey , the related cyclops in the tales of `` Sinbad the Sailor '' , and the oni of Japanese folklore .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6", "text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa9441222b26a65a89f31a81c97939ad", "text": "The Smurfs 2 The Smurfs 2 is a 2013 American 3D live-action/computer-animated comedy film and a sequel to the 2011 film The Smurfs . It is loosely based on The Smurfs comic-book series created by the Belgian comics artist Peyo . It is the second and final installment of a projected duology , produced by Sony Pictures Animation and distributed by Columbia Pictures . The film is directed by Raja Gosnell , who helmed the first , with all the main cast returning . New cast members include Christina Ricci and J. B. Smoove as members of the Naughties , and Brendan Gleeson as Patrick Winslow 's stepfather . The film was released on July 31 , 2013 and is dedicated to Jonathan Winters , who voiced Papa Smurf and died on April 11 , 2013 . Its gross of $ 347 million was seen by Sony as a disappointment , which Box Office Mojo labelled as `` an unprecedented drop for a closely-timed family sequel '' and attributed to the negative reception of the first film and to the strong competition coming from another family sequel Despicable Me 2 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "395ef4df749c7951acad9b5efcce72ab", "text": "Alexander Lebedev Alexander Yevgenievich Lebedev ( -LSB- Алекса́ндр Евге́ньевич Ле́бедев , p = ɐlʲɪˈksandr jɪvˈɡʲenʲjɪvʲɪtɕ ˈlʲebʲɪdʲɪf -RSB- born 16 December 1959 ) is a Russian businessman , referred to as one of the Russian oligarchs . In March 2012 , he was listed by Forbes magazine as one of the richest Russians with an estimated fortune of $ 1.1 billion . However , his fortune has since declined , and he is no longer considered to be a billionaire . He is part owner of the Russian newspaper Novaya Gazeta and owner of two UK newspapers with son Evgeny Lebedev : the London Evening Standard , The Independent .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "361435cdd17e03aa48b646373d5ee999", "text": "Kazakhstanskaya Pravda Kazakhstanskaya Pravda is a Kazakhstani newspaper that is government-backed . The paper was first published on 1 February 1920 . The paper was started by the ministry of information and public accord . It is published in the Russian language .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27084d4cb0166a3a40f2bdf5cccd4d15", "text": "Pyotr Olegovich Tolstoy Pyotr Olegovich Tolstoy ( Пётр Оле́гович Толсто́й born June 20 , 1969 , Moscow , RSFSR , USSR ) is a Russian journalist , producer and presenter . Also he led the air Channel One Russia after the elections on March 4 , 2012 at a pair of Alexander Gordon . Member of the Civic Chamber of the Russian Federation , the former leading the Sunday program Vremya on the Channel One Russia ( 2005 -- 2012 ) . Deputy Director of the Directorate of social and political programs , Channel One ( 2009 - 2016 ) . Currently leads the program Politics and Time will tell on this channel . Leo Tolstoy 's great-grandson . Since September 2016 - Member of the 7th State Duma of the Russian Federation from the political party United Russia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17f9299cdd97319d5f02a544d229eda7", "text": "Sistema Sistema is a large Russian conglomerate company , headed by Vladimir Yevtushenkov . In March 2006 , Yevtushenkov controlled 62 % of the shares in Sistema . Sistema has its headquarters in Moscow , and operates a number of consumer service businesses in the areas of : IT and telecoms -- Mobile TeleSystems , Moscow City Telephone Network , SkyLink , MTS India . Microelectronics -- Sitronics ( formerly known as ` Science Center Concern ' ) , NIIME , Mikron , STROM telecom . Insurance -- ROSNO Banking -- MBRD ( Moscow Bank for Reconstruction and Development ) House-Building -- Sistema-Hals Retail -- Detsky Mir Group Media -- Sistema Mass Media Oil businesses -- Ufaorgsintez , Novoil , Ufaneftehim , Ufimskiy NPZ , Bashkirnefteprodukt , Bashkirenergo . Other businesses -- Intourist ( Travel Services ) , RTI Systems ( Radio and space technology ) , Binopharm ( Pharmaceuticals ) , Olympic Sistema ( Sport ) The company 's Global Depository Receipts ( GDRs ) are traded on the London Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol `` SSA '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0bdcf2b9bb802877c89fb27e52638ca2", "text": "Maxim Korobov Maxim Leonidovich Korobov ( born December 3 , 1957 ) is a Russian businessman whose investments focus on the oil and gas sector . He is the controlling shareholder of SGO Sibgasoil Investments Limited , which has interests in Western Siberia . Maxim Korobov served at various times as Chairman of the Board of Directors of Swiss company Rosco S.A. ; Vice President of Eastern Oil Company ( EOC ) and head of EOC Trading House ; President of Tomsk Oil and Gas Company ; and head of the oil and gas team at Rossiisky Kredit bank . Korobov graduated with honours from both the Military Institute of the Defence Ministry and the Russian Presidential Academy of State Service . He was also a researcher at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences and taught at the Military Institute . He holds a PhD in political science . Maxim Korobov was elected to the Tomsk Oblast regional parliament in 1997 , and served as a member of the State Duma ( Russian parliament ) from 1999-2011 , as a member of the United Russia party . As a member of the Duma 's Committee on Power , Transport and Communications , he authored a bill proposing to end the practice of domestic roaming , whereby Russian mobile network operators charge higher prices to users travelling outside their `` home '' regions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a523a7f359b31386c71a0e384f5de7d", "text": "Russian mafia Russian organized crime or Russian mafia , sometimes referred to as Bratva ( : `` brotherhood '' ) , is a collective of various organized crime elements originating in the former Soviet Union . Organized crime in Russia began in the imperial period of the Tsars , but it was not until the Soviet era that vory v zakone ( `` thieves-in-law '' ) emerged as leaders of prison groups in gulags ( Soviet prison labor camps ) , and their honor code became more defined . After World War II , the death of Joseph Stalin , and the fall of the Soviet Union , more gangs emerged in a flourishing black market , exploiting the unstable governments of the former Republics , and at its highest point , even controlling as much as two-thirds of the Russian economy . Louis Freeh , former director of the FBI , said that the Russian mafia posed the greatest threat to U.S. national security in the mid-1990s . In modern times , there are as many as 6,000 different groups , with more than 200 of them having a global reach . Criminals of these various groups are either former prison members , corrupt officials and business leaders , people with ethnic ties , or people from the same region with shared criminal experiences and leaders . However , the existence of such groups has been debated . In December 2009 , Timur Lakhonin , the head of the Russian National Central Bureau of Interpol , stated `` Certainly , there is crime involving our former compatriots abroad , but there is no data suggesting that an organized structure of criminal groups comprising former Russians exists abroad '' , while in August 2010 , Alain Bauer , a French criminologist , said that it `` is one of the best structured criminal organizations in Europe , with a quasi-military operation . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4c14c87390906df3d55be5caa797ff3", "text": "Gennady Lebedev Gennady Victorovich Lebedev ( 1957 , USSR -- May 12 , 2004 , Turkey ) was a Russian economist , representative of Austrian School , businessman and politician . He advocated free enterprise and laissez-faire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f5fe54128c8677a386e1da3a2fee204f", "text": "Lebedev Physical Institute The Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences ( LPI RAS ) ( in Физи́ческий институ́т имени П.Н.Ле́бедева Российской академии наук , situated in Moscow , is one of the leading Russian research institutes specializing in physics . It is also one of the oldest research institutions in Russia : its history dates back to a collection of physics equipment established by Peter the Great in the Kunstkamera of Saint Petersburg in 1714 . The institute was established in its present shape in 1934 by academician Sergey Vavilov . It moved to Moscow and was named after a prominent Russian physicist Pyotr Lebedev the same year . It is also known as Lebedev Institute of Physics or just Lebedev Institute . In Russian it is often referred to by the acronym FIAN standing for `` Physical Institute of the Academy of Sciences '' . The wide range of the research activities includes : laser technology , dark matter structure , nanostructures , superconductivity , cosmic rays , and gamma-astronomy . The institute developed a technique of crystallizing cubic zirconia ( which was called Fianit in Russia , named after FIAN ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a38bcf6284a9c619c4ad03ac4078f39", "text": "Sergey Shubinsky Sergey Nikolayevich Shubinsky ( Сергей Николаевич Шубинский 1834 -- 1913 ) was a Russian historian and journalist who edited two widely read magazines concerned with the history of Imperial Russia . Shubinsky had a successful military career from 1854 onward , retiring with the rank of Major General in 1887 . He developed a keen interest in the comparatively recent history of his country while collecting hitherto unpublished anecdotes about Prince Potemkin . Shubinsky edited an illustrated monthly periodical , Old and New Russia , in 1875-79 , before setting up a more widely distributed magazine , The Historical Herald , in 1880 . He remained in charge of the periodical until his death in 1913 . The publisher was Aleksey Suvorin . Shubinsky also authored a splattering of historical articles for the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary . Shubinsky 's main rivals in the realm of Russian historical journalism were Pyotr Bartenev , the editor of The Russian Archive , and Mikhail Semevsky with his own periodical , Old Times in Russia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dba4170b26bf5a05798f8bd31bfd6dff", "text": "Rodionov Publishing House Rodionov Publishing House ( IDR , Izdatelsky Dom Rodionova ) is a publishing house based in Moscow that owns eight magazines . It was founded by and is owned by Sergey S. Rodionov and his father . Rodionov Publishing House 's managers include Evgeny Dodolev ( he ran Rodionov Publishing House in 2005 -- 2009 as CEO ) . Iskander Makhmudov is also a business partner who owns 50 % of the publishing house . Rodionov Publishing House owns the Politburo ( closed January 2004 ) , Paradox ( closed July 2004 ) and other magazines . Its portfolio includes business , men 's , women 's and special interest magazines .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc494b374d26631f665ee6073b0bafe9", "text": "Leonid Lebedev Leonid Lebedev ( born May 2 , 1956 ) is a Russian entrepreneur and elected representative in Russia 's Upper House of Parliament . Lebedev is sole owner of Sintez Group , a privately held energy , oil and gas and property development company with more than $ 1 billion in annual sales . In 1988 he co-founded the company , which according to Forbes Russia now ranks 154th among private companies in Russia . He has also been a successful entrepreneur in music and film , serving as a producer , during the 1980s and more recently , in the creation of award-winning independent films such as Hipsters and The Geographer Drank His Globe Away . In 2002 he was elected to the Federation Council ( Russia ) , Russia 's Upper House of Parliament , representing the Republic of Chuvashia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e50f363da46b27bb473972a94185b4d", "text": "Government of Russia The Government of the Russia ( exercises executive power in the Russian Federation . The members of the government are the Prime Minister , the deputy prime ministers , and the federal ministers . It has its legal basis in the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the federal constitutional law `` On the Government the Russian Federation '' . According to the 1991 amendment to the 1978 Russian Constitution , the President of Russia was the head of the executive branch and headed the Council of Ministers of Russia . According to the current 1993 Constitution of Russia , the President is not a part of the Government of Russia , which exercises executive power . But , the President does appoint the Prime Minister . The Chapter 6 of the Constitution of Russia says , that `` The Government of the Russian Federation consists of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation ( Prime Minister ) , Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation and federal ministries '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71726ec9426de423efa5e27e1e2bb165", "text": "Sankt-Peterburgskie Vedomosti The Vedomosti was the first newspaper printed in Russia . It was established by Peter the Great 's ukase dated 16 December 1702 . The first issue appeared on 2 January 1703 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a5540dbc1738e854f7df9425c5b2c99", "text": "Belorusy i rynok Belorusy i rynok ( Белорусы и рынок , -LSB- bʲɛləˈrusɨ ɪ ˈrʲnək -RSB- ) is the main business weekly newspaper published in Belarus . The newspaper was founded in 1990 under the name Belorusskij rynok ( Белорусский рынок , The Belarusian Market ) and was one of the first private media in Belarus . In 2005 the newspaper had to change its name following a decree of president Lukashenka that forbid usage of the words National and Belarusian in names of organisations and newspapers . Current chief editor is Viačasłaŭ Chadasoŭski . The newspaper is published mainly in Russian language .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e587076e4a1249a85d85979c291b0793", "text": "Northern Bee Northern Bee was a semi-official Russian political and literary newspaper published in St. Petersburg from 1825 to 1864 . It was an unofficial organ of Section Three ( the Third Section of His Imperial Majesty 's Own Chancellery ) - the secret police . Northern Bee was founded by the reactionary writer ( and police informer ) Thaddeus Bulgarin in 1825 . In 1831 through 1849 he published it in conjunction with Nikolai Grech . From 1825 to 1831 it came out three times a week , then daily after that . The paper was pitched toward readers who belonged to the middle classes ( the serving gentry , provincial landlords , officials , merchants , burghers ) . In addition to domestic and foreign news , literature , and criticism , the paper printed a mix of inspirational stories and philosophical essays , bibliographies , and fashion pieces . At first the paper showed a liberal bent , printing the works of Pushkin , Kondraty Ryleyev , and Fyodor Glinka . But after the Decembrist revolt of December 1825 it became a conservative pro-government publication . By his own admission , Bulgarin worked with the chief of the Third Section , Count Alexander von Benckendorff , and used the knowledge gained by his position in writing reports for the police . Northern Bee enjoyed a monopoly on political news and Bulgarin used its platform to express in various ways his disgust for constitutionalism and the parliamentary speakers in France and England , representing them as screamers and freethinkers in need of looking after by the police . Having begun by publishing Pushkin and Ryleyev , including an enthusiastic review of the latter 's poem `` Voynarovsky '' , the paper turned to harassing Pushkin , mocking his antics and reproaching him for freethinking . In the French Romantics the Northern Bee saw `` the legacy of the French Revolution , the destroyer of morality and the foundations of libertinism '' . The work of Gogol was characterized by the paper as portraits without any moral purpose , the `` barnyard of human life '' . In the pages of Northern Bee , Bulgarin argued fiercely with the Literary Gazette , Pushkin , Anton Delvig , the Moscow Observer , The Telescope , Notes of the Fatherland , and Vissarion Belinsky . One of the leading critics for Northern Bee , Leopold Brant , was a harsh detractor of the realist school which flourished beginning in the 1840s . After the defeat in the Crimean War , readership began to decline due to the radicalization of public opinion . After 1860 , under Pavel Usov , the paper changed its course and printed work by democratic writers such as Vasily Sleptsov , Fyodor Reshetnikov , and Marco Vovchok , and reviews of Nikolay Nekrasov and Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin . The paper also published lesser-known writers such as Ilya Arseniev , Nikolai Gersevanov , Clement Kanevsky , and `` Blind Domna '' ( Domna Anisimova ) . An attempt by Usov to convert the paper to be more like foreign papers in format and arrangement of sections was not successful . In 1864 , the paper folded .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b0fbe400c22a4de5a37b32ff8c4899f9", "text": "Komanda (newspaper) Komanda is one of Ukraine 's most influential sport newspapers published daily in Kiev , the nation 's capital . It was founded in 1995 , and as of September 2001 it is available on-line . It offers sport analysis , original interviews , and opinions . It is published in Russian . Its registration number KBN 2163 of 18.09.96 . The subscription index is 33780 . The newspaper is published five ( 5 ) times a week , no Sunday or Monday editions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ae110525c91aca89b38eede1c5ac62e", "text": "Apsny (newspaper) Apsny is an Abkhaz-language daily newspaper and the oldest newspaper in Abkhazia . It was founded on 27 February 1919 , its first editor was the writer Dmitry Gulia . Initially , Apsny was published twice every month , later it became a daily publication . From 1921 to 1991 the paper was named '' Аҧсны ҟаҧшь '' ( `` Red Abkhazia '' ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3f837db46450bbbfbd75f65c6383609", "text": "Meditsinskiy Vestnik Meditsinskiy Vestnik is a Russian language newspaper published in Belarus . Category : Newspapers published in Belarus Category : Russian-language newspapers", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b589058df41d8df7ffcdb29c09b34cc6", "text": "Aleksander Zederbaum Aleksander Ossypovich Zederbaum ( born in Zamość , August 27 , 1816 ; died in Saint Petersburg , September 8 , 1893 ) was a Polish-Russian Jewish journalist . He was founder and editor of Ha-Meliẓ , and other periodicals published in Russian and Yiddish ; he wrote in Hebrew . A son of poor parents , he was apprenticed to a tailor . He succeeded in acquiring a knowledge of Hebrew literature , and of the Russian , Polish , and German languages . He married in Lublin , and in 1840 left for Odessa , then the Mecca of the Haskalah movement . He obtained there a commercial position , made the acquaintance of the Maskilim of the city , and in his leisure hours continued to work for his self-education . Later he opened a clothing-store , and was himself cutter in his tailoring-shop . In 1860 Zederbaum succeeded in obtaining the government 's permission to publish Ha-Meliẓ , the first Hebrew periodical issued in Russia ; and three years later he began publishing the pioneer Yiddish journal Ḳol Mebasser . After an existence of eight years the latter paper was suppressed by the government , whereupon Zederbaum went to Saint Petersburg , obtaining permission to transfer the headquarters of Ha-Meliẓ to that city . He was also granted permission to do his own printing , and to publish , besides Ha-Meliẓ , a Russian weekly ( Vyestnik Ruskich Yedreed ) , which , however , enjoyed only a short existence , as did also the `` Razsvyet , '' which he started a few years later . In 1881 he founded the Volksblatt , a daily Yiddish journal which existed for eight years , although Zederbaum was its editor for only a few years . Zederbaum was the author of `` Keter Kehunnah '' and `` Ben ha-Meẓarim , '' but neither of these works met with any success . His chief significance lies in the fact that he was a champion of the Haskalah . His Yiddish periodical Ḳol Mebasser offered an opportunity for many of the best jargon-writers to develop their talents ; and among these may be mentioned Linetzky , Abramowitch , Spector , and Sholem Aleichem . Zederbaum exercised considerable influence in government circles , and it was due to his intercession that an impartial judgment was obtained for many Jewish families accused of ritual murder in Kutais ; he disclosed also the ignorance of the Russian anti-Semite Lutostansky , whose pamphlets threatened to become dangerous for the Russian Jews . The Palestine Association of Odessa owed its existence to Zederbaum 's activity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "385fffaec4428d5097a9bb2e40a4f73c", "text": "Governor (Russia) The highest official of the subject of the Russian Federation or the holder of the highest office of subject of the Russian Federation or the head of the highest executive body of state power of the subject of the Russian Federation , colloquially and collectively referred to as the title governor ( губернатор - gubernator ) or head of region ( глава региона - glava regiona ) , is the head and the chief executive of each the federal subjects of Russia , not directly subordinate to the federal authorities , but the political and ceremonial head of the federal subject , all of which are equal constituent entities of Russia . The office is defined by the Constitution of Russia and Chapters 1 , 3 and 4 of Russia 's Federal Law No. 184-FZ `` On the General Principles of the Organization Of the Legislative ( Representative ) and Executive Organs Of State Power of the Subjects of the Russian Federation '' which came into force in 1999 . According to the current revision of the Russian Constitution , the Russian Federation consists of 85 federal subjects therefore there are 85 offices of head of region in Russia ( see List of current heads of federal subjects of Russia ) . The certain title of office is defined by the federal subject 's Constitution or Charter . The names include : governor , president ( президент - president ) , head of administration ( глава администрации - glava administratsii ) , head of republic ( глава республики - glava respubliki ) , mayor ( мэр - mer ) , non-officially and collectively referred to as governors for short . The official title governor is most used in Russia and traditionally it is used in Oblasts of Russia . Presidents of Russia 's republics , mayor of Moscow and mayor of St. Petersburg are also governors in this sense . A head of the subject in Russia is said to serve a administration or executive office , colloquially referred to as gubernatorial administration .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5c9702d9be1df17fec987a896ad1407", "text": "Viktor Zubkov Viktor Alekseyevich Zubkov ( -LSB- Ви́ктор Алексе́евич Зубко́в , p = ˈvʲiktər ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ zʊpˈkof -RSB- born 15 September 1941 ) is a Russian politician and businessman who served as the Prime Minister of Russia from September 2007 to May 2008 . He was Vladimir Putin 's First Deputy Prime Minister during the Presidency of Dmitry Medvedev . Zubkov was a financial crime investigator until 12 September 2007 , when he was nominated by President Vladimir Putin to replace Prime Minister Mikhail Fradkov , who had resigned earlier that day . The nomination was approved in the Duma on 14 September 2007 . On 7 May 2008 Zubkov 's cabinet was automatically dismissed . This procedure , following an inauguration of the President of Russia is required by the Russian Constitution . After Putin became Prime Minister , Zubkov was appointed First Deputy Prime Minister . Zubkov is also the current chairman of the board of directors of Gazprom , Russia 's largest corporation and one of the largest oil and natural gas companies in the world .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "2014f4411fea763122edf0dee44dc13e", "text": "Human condition The human condition is `` the characteristics , key events , and situations which compose the essentials of human existence , such as birth , growth , emotionality , aspiration , conflict , and mortality . '' This is a very broad topic which has been and continues to be pondered and analyzed from many perspectives , including those of religion , philosophy , history , art , literature , anthropology , psychology , and biology . As a literary term , `` the human condition '' is typically used in the context of ambiguous subjects such as the meaning of life or moral concerns .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a399550fda9b936b0fef6ee0fc7e3f72", "text": "Religious views on love Religious views on love vary widely between different religions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a967256e56bad4e977aea8c8a5b3f26", "text": "Catholic Church and HIV/AIDS The Church 's position on AIDS prevention has attracted controversy due to its opposition to condom use . In 2010 Pope Benedict XVI said that the use of condoms could sometimes be considered a first step toward moral behavior , but a spokesperson for the church later clarified that the use of condoms was still considered immoral and that the pope had not intended to take a position `` on the problem of condoms in general . '' In relation to the sexual transmission of the disease , the Church teaches that sexual abstinence before marriage , and monogamy inside marriage , are a better means of limiting the spread of the epidemic than the use of condoms . United Nations bodies have criticised the Church for its stance against condom use , on the basis that condoms are the best available means to prevent infections among sexually active people . UN bodies co-operate closely with the Church on the provision of patient care , and in eliminating infections in children . The Church provides approximately one quarter of all HIV treatment and care . Following the election of Pope Francis in 2013 , UNAIDS wrote that the Church `` provides support to millions of people living with HIV around the world '' and that `` Statistics from the Vatican in 2012 indicate that Catholic Church-related organizations provide approximately a quarter of all HIV treatment , care , and support throughout the world and run more than 5,000 hospitals , 18,000 dispensaries , and 9,000 orphanages , many involved in AIDS-related activities . '' UNAIDS co-operates closely with the Church on critical issues such as the elimination of new HIV infections in children , and keeping their mothers alive , as well as increasing access to antiretroviral medication . Caritas Internationalis is the Church 's main international aid and development body , operating in over 200 countries and territories , and is among the strategic partners of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS ( UNAIDS ) . Pope Paul VI issued the Humanae vitae Encyclical Letter on the Regulation of Birth in 1968 , which outlined opposition to `` artificial birth control '' on the basis that it would open a `` wide and easy a road ... towards conjugal infidelity and the general lowering of morality '' . The AIDS epidemic emerged from the 1980s . In 2010 , Pope Benedict XVI characterized condom use as not a `` real or moral solution '' to the spread of AIDS , but in the case of homosexual prostitution , a potentially lesser-evil `` first step '' in the direction of moralization and responsibility , when used with `` the intention of reducing the risk of infection '' . A 2014 report by The U.N. Committee on the Rights of the Child called on the Church to `` overcome all the barriers and taboos surrounding adolescent sexuality that hinder their access to sexual and reproductive information , including on family planning and contraceptives '' . Globally , well over thirty million people have died from HIV/AIDS . The Church 's condom ban was largely ignored in industrialised countries , in which public awareness campaigns encouraged condom use . The church 's stance against condoms has been blamed for the prevalence of AIDS in Africa .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "29fb4113d7413929c579331a33e3c97c", "text": "Religion in Sweden Lutheran Christianity is officially the largest religion in Sweden , with 6.1 million Swedish citizens being members of the Church of Sweden . The high membership figure is mainly due to the fact that until 1996 all newborn children with at least one parent being a member of the church were also made members . Other Christian Churches include the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church . Islam is the second largest religion in Sweden , practiced by 5 % of the population . The rest of the population are either irreligious or members of other religious groups . Sweden was Christianized from Norse paganism during a long period , not final until the 1130s . Since the 16th century , Sweden has been predominantly Lutheran . From the Protestant Reformation in the 1530s until 2000 , the Lutheran Church of Sweden ( Svenska kyrkan ) was the state church . As of 2016 , 61.2 % of Swedish citizens are members of the Church of Sweden , compared to over 95 % in 1970 , and 83 % in 2000 . Despite that , religion in Sweden plays a limited role compared to the European average , and even many church members participate in religious activities for only cultural reasons , and do not believe in Christianity . Atheism and agnosticism are widespread in Swedish society . In a Eurobarometer Poll in 2010 , just 18 % of Swedish citizens responded that `` they believe there is a god '' , although a further 45 % answered that `` they believe there is some sort of spirit or life force '' . In a 2009 Gallup poll , 17 % answered yes to the question `` Is religion an important part of your daily life ? '' . A survey found that only 15 % of Church of Sweden members actually believe in Jesus , while another 15 % identified as atheists , and a quarter as agnostic . Less than 4 % of the Church of Sweden membership attends public worship during an average week ; about 2 % are regular attendees . Some scholars consider the nation to be a place where religion is regarded with `` benign indifference '' . The history of the Jews in Sweden can be traced back to the 17th century , and there are about 20,000 ethnic Jews in Sweden today , of whom about 7,000 belong to a Jewish religious congregation . Because of immigration in the latter part of the 20th century , there is today a sizeable minority of Muslims ( 5 % of population ) and Roman Catholics ( 2 % ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01f1edd549c69eaded53194c7337eeb3", "text": "Idealism (Christian eschatology) Idealism ( also called the spiritual approach , the allegorical approach , the nonliteral approach , and many other names ) in Christian eschatology is an interpretation of the Book of Revelation that sees all of the imagery of the book as symbols . Jacob Taubes writes that idealist eschatology came about as Renaissance thinkers began to doubt that the Kingdom of Heaven had been established on earth , or would be established , but still believed in its establishment . Rather than the Kingdom of Heaven being present in society , it is established subjectively for the individual . F. D. Maurice interpreted the Kingdom of Heaven idealistically as a symbol representing society 's general improvement , instead of a physical and political kingdom . Karl Barth interprets eschatology as representing existential truths that bring the individual hope , rather than history or future-history . Barth 's ideas provided fuel for the Social Gospel philosophy in America , which saw social change not as performing `` required '' good works , but because the individuals involved felt that Christians could not simply ignore society 's problems with future dreams . Different authors have suggested that the Beast represents various social injustices , such as exploitation of workers , wealth , the elite , commerce , materialism , and imperialism . Various Christian anarchists , such as Jacques Ellul , have identified the State and political power as the Beast . It is distinct from Preterism , Futurism and Historicism in that it does not see any of the prophecies ( except in some cases the Second Coming , and Final Judgment ) as being fulfilled in a literal , physical , earthly sense either in the past , present or future , and that to interpret the eschatological portions of the Bible in a historical or future-historical fashion is an erroneous understanding .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef23dd16ba91496ee447e4881ad7fed7", "text": "National church This article discusses ` national churches ' in the ethnic sense . See state church for church organizations at a national level . For Catholic churches in Rome associated with various countries , see National churches in Rome . A national church is a Christian church associated with a specific ethnic group or nation state . The idea was notably discussed during the 19th century , during the emergence of modern nationalism . Samuel Taylor Coleridge , in a draft discussing the question of church and state around 1828 wrote that `` a National Church might exist , and has existed , without -LSB- Christianity -RSB- , because before the institution of the Christian Church - as -LSB- ... -RSB- the Levitical Church in the Hebrew Constitution , -LSB- and -RSB- the Druidical in the Celtic , would suffice to prove '' . John Wordsworth , Bishop of Salisbury , wrote about the National Church of Sweden in 1911 , interpreting the Church of Sweden and the Church of England as national churches of the Swedish and the English peoples , respectively . Lake ( 1987 ) traces the development of Presbyterianism in 16th-century England from the status of a `` godly minority '' which saw itself surrounded by the corrupt or hostile mass of the population , into a `` genuine national church '' . The concept of a national church remains alive in the Protestantism of England and Scandinavia in particular . While , in a context of England , the national church remains a common denominator for the Church of England , some of the Lutheran `` folk churches '' of Scandinavia , characterized as national churches in the ethnic sense as opposed to the idea of a state church , emerged in the second half of the 19th century following the lead of Grundtvig . However , in countries in which the state church ( also known as the established church ) has the following of the majority of citizens , the state church may also be the national church , and may be declared as such by the government e.g. Church of Denmark , Church of Greece , Church of Iceland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb89410f44f522d62482ee6060fc60a1", "text": "Bible The Bible ( from Koine Greek τὰ βιβλία , tà biblía , `` the books '' ) is a collection of sacred texts or scriptures that Jews and Christians consider to be a product of divine inspiration and a record of the relationship between God and humans . Many different authors contributed to the Bible . What is regarded as canonical text differs depending on traditions and groups ; a number of Bible canons have evolved , with overlapping and diverging contents . The Christian Old Testament overlaps with the Hebrew Bible and the Greek Septuagint ; the Hebrew Bible is known in Judaism as the Tanakh . The New Testament is a collection of writings by early Christians , believed to be mostly Jewish disciples of Christ , written in first-century Koine Greek . These early Christian Greek writings consist of narratives , letters , and apocalyptic writings . Among Christian denominations there is some disagreement about the contents of the canon , primarily the Apocrypha , a list of works that are regarded with varying levels of respect . Attitudes towards the Bible also differ amongst Christian groups . Roman Catholics , Anglicans and Eastern Orthodox Christians stress the harmony and importance of the Bible and sacred tradition , while Protestant churches focus on the idea of sola scriptura , or scripture alone . This concept arose during the Protestant Reformation , and many denominations today support the use of the Bible as the only source of Christian teaching . With estimated total sales of over 5 billion copies , the Bible is widely considered to be the best-selling book of all time . It has estimated annual sales of 100 million copies , and has been a major influence on literature and history , especially in the West , where the Gutenberg Bible was the first book printed using movable type .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21d8db33312e810eaa4a62b977918ddc", "text": "Religious alienation Religious alienation is a term some use to describe how religion creates an impediment to human self-understanding .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3def3cb072c9d67fe0d9517193bb6574", "text": "Christian views on marriage Most Christian authorities and bodies view marriage ( also called Holy Matrimony ) as a state instituted and ordained by God for the lifelong relationship between one man as husband and one woman as wife . They consider it the most intimate of human relationships , a gift from God , and a sacred institution . Protestants consider it to be sacred , holy , and even central to the community of faith , while Catholics and Eastern Orthodox Christians consider it a Sacrament . Biblically , it is to be `` held in honour among all ... . '' Jesus maintained the importance and sacredness of lifelong marriage in his own teachings . He quoted from both Genesis 1 and 2 , stating in that God had created humanity as male and female , and that in marriage the two will become one flesh ' . So they are no longer two , but one flesh . Therefore , what God has joined together , let no one separate '' . In most states with a traditionally majority Christian population , civil laws recognize marriage as having social and political statuses . Christian theology affirms the secular status of marriage , but additionally views it from a moral and religious perspective that transcends all social interests . While marriage is honored and affirmed among Christians and throughout the Bible , there is no suggestion that it is necessary for everyone . Single people who either have chosen to remain unmarried or who have lost their spouse for some reason are neither incomplete in Christ nor personal failures . In the Catechism of the Catholic Church is explained that `` the intimate community of life and love which constitutes the married state has been established by the Creator and endowed by him with its own proper laws . God himself is the author of marriage . '' The vocation to marriage is written in the very nature of man and woman as they came from the hand of the Creator . '' By reason of their state in life and of their order , -LSB- Christian spouses -RSB- have their own special gifts in the People of God . `` This grace proper to the sacrament of Matrimony is intended to perfect the couple 's love and to strengthen their indissoluble unity . By this grace they `` help one another to attain holiness in their married life and in welcoming and educating their children . '' Christ is the source of this grace . `` Just as of old God encountered his people with a covenant of love and fidelity , so our Savior , the spouse of the Church , now encounters Christian spouses through the sacrament of Matrimony . `` Christ dwells with them , gives them the strength to take up their crosses and so follow him , to rise again after they have fallen , to forgive one another , to bear one another 's burdens '' `` and to love one another with supernatural , tender , and fruitful love '' The New Testament teaches that sex is reserved for marriage . It calls sex with the wife of another , or sex with someone else other than the husband , the sin of adultery . ( See also fornication . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d6a6a009c61faf9330e5eb4ad894d27", "text": "The Culture of Disbelief The Culture of Disbelief ( ISBN 0-385-47498-9 ) is a 1994 book by Stephen L. Carter . In it , he holds that religion in the United States is trivialized by American law and politics , and that those with a strong religious faith are forced to bend to meet the viewpoint of a `` public faith '' which is largely faithless . Carter argues that there is a place for faith in public life , while still adhering to the separation of church and state . Category :1994 books Category : Books about politics of the United States Category : Religious studies books", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21135a54f1801d89357ae433d69bf6ff", "text": "Islamic ethics Islamic ethics , defined as `` good character , '' historically took shape gradually from the 7th century and was finally established by the 11th century . It was eventually shaped as a successful amalgamation of the Qur ` anic teachings , the teachings of the Sunnah of Muhammad , the precedents of Islamic jurists ( see Sharia and Fiqh ) , the pre-Islamic Arabian tradition , and non-Arabic elements ( including Persian and Greek ideas ) embedded in or integrated with a generally Islamic structure . Although Muhammad 's preaching produced a `` radical change in moral values based on the sanctions of the new religion and the present religion , and fear of God and of the Last Judgment '' , the tribal practice of Arabs did not completely die out . Later Muslim scholars expanded the religious ethic of the Qur ` an and Hadith in immense detail .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40bc1cdeeff552657f97a2e25749c927", "text": "Scientology status by country Scientology status by country describes the status of Scientology and its recognition as a religion or otherwise in different countries . The Church of Scientology pursues an extensive public relations campaign for state recognition of Scientology as a religion and cites numerous scholarly sources supporting its position . The level of recognition Scientology has been able to obtain varies significantly from country to country . The Church of Scientology has been recognized as a religious denomination in its home country , the United States , and has received full recognition in various other countries such as Italy , South Africa , Australia , Sweden , New Zealand , Portugal and Spain ; it thus enjoys and regularly cites the constitutional protection afforded in these nations to religious practice . Some countries , mostly in Europe , have regarded Scientology as a potentially dangerous cult , or at least have not considered local branches of the Church of Scientology to meet the legal criteria for being considered religion-supporting organizations , seeing Scientology as a business . The 2014 ruling in London , which had five judges in the UK Supreme Court unanimously rule that a Scientology chapel is a `` place of meeting for religious worship , '' solidified the church 's status as a religion in the region . While some theologians critically approach Scientology 's status as a religion , social scientists as a whole agree that it `` satisfies the abstract criteria for recognition as a religion . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b8ef3cfee29c5c00e2e0285408b1e19", "text": "Theodicy and the Bible Theodicy , in its most common form , is the attempt to answer the question of why a good God permits the manifestation of evil . Theodicy attempts to resolve the evidential problem of evil by reconciling the traditional divine characteristics of omnibenevolence and omnipotence , in either their absolute or relative form , with the occurrence of evil or suffering in the world . `` Writings and discourses on theodicy by Jews , Greeks , Christians , and Eastern religions have graced our planet for thousands of years , '' and `` debates about theodicy continue among believers and unbelievers alike '' . Theodicy is an `` intensely urgent '' and `` constant concern '' of `` the entire Bible '' . Relating theodicy and the Bible is crucial to understanding Abrahamic theodicy because the Bible `` has been , both in theory and in fact , the dominant influence upon ideas about God and evil in the Western world '' . The Bible raises the issue of theodicy by its portrayals of God as inflicting evil and by its accounts of people who question God 's goodness by their angry indictments . However , the Bible `` contains no comprehensive theodicy '' . `` The most common theodicy is the free will theodicy . '' It lays the blame for all moral evil and some natural evil on humanity 's misuse of its free will . This article shows that the free will theodicy interacts with the Bible at its core : what Jesus and Paul say about the freedom of the will and with what kind of freedom of the will God endowed humanity at the Creation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4943672a5e94f6cfdf2e9ad52285df19", "text": "Religious qualifications for public office in the United States Religious qualifications for public office in the United States have always been prohibited at the national level of the federal system of government under the Constitution . Article VI of the Constitution of the United States declares that `` no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States '' . The First Amendment of the Constitution also prevents the Congress of the United States from making any law `` respecting an establishment of religion '' ( the Establishment Clause ) . Neither the First Amendment nor Article VI , however , were originally applied to the individual states , and individual restrictions were utilized by individual states to prevent Jews , Catholics , and atheists from occupying public offices . State-level requirements for public office were not entirely abolished until 1961 , when the Supreme Court of the United States struck down religious qualifications for all public officeholders in its decision in Torcaso v. Watkins , a case concerning an atheist 's right to serve as a notary public under a Maryland law requiring public officials to declare they believed in God . However , eight states still have language in their constitutions that requires such qualifications .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c366e621bb381fcb85edf93425089f14", "text": "Is God Dead? `` Is God Dead ? '' was an April 8 , 1966 , cover story for the news magazine Time . A previous article , from October 1965 , had investigated a trend among 1960s theologians to write God out of the field of theology . The 1966 article looked in greater depth at the problems facing modern theologians , in making God relevant to an increasingly secular society . Modern science had eliminated the need for religion to explain the natural world , and God took up less and less space in people 's daily lives . The ideas of various scholars were brought in , including the application of contemporary philosophy to the field of theology , and a more personal , individual approach to religion . The issue drew heavy criticism , both from the broader public and from clergymen . Much of the criticism was directed at the provocative magazine cover , rather than the content of the article . The coverall black with the words `` Is God Dead ? '' in large red textmarked the first time in the magazine 's history that text with no accompanying image was used . In 2008 , the Los Angeles Times named the `` Is God Dead ? '' issue among `` 10 magazine covers that shook the world '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f9404ec22b99b8f632cb52201c08b62", "text": "God Is Not Great God Is Not Great : How Religion Poisons Everything is a 2007 book by Anglo-American author and journalist Christopher Hitchens , in which he makes a case against organized religion . It was published by Atlantic Books in the United Kingdom as God Is Not Great : The Case Against Religion . Hitchens posited that organised religion is `` violent , irrational , intolerant , allied to racism , tribalism , and bigotry , invested in ignorance and hostile to free inquiry , contemptuous of women and coercive toward children '' and sectarian , and that accordingly it `` ought to have a great deal on its conscience . '' He supports his position with a mixture of personal stories , documented historical anecdotes and critical analysis of religious texts . His commentary focuses mainly on the Abrahamic religions , although it also touches on other religions , such as Hinduism and Buddhism . The book received mixed reviews , but sold well .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1907f7067433ca988e97e39d9afb1963", "text": "General judgment General judgment is the Christian theological concept of a judgment of the dead by nation and as a whole . It is related closely to Judgment Day and often is just another phrase for the Last Judgment or Final Judgement , but is not necessarily part of any eschatology . It is generally contrasted with a particular judgment right after death . The position is hinted at in several places in the Old Testament and in the New , and the Catholic Encyclopedia says ( here referring to the Last Judgment ) `` Few truths are more often or more clearly proclaimed in Scripture than that of the general judgment '' . When the individual dies , general judgment holds that the person 's final dispensation will await the general judgment of the dead at the end of the world , rather than be judged immediately . Additionally , `` general judgment '' may refer not only to the judging of each person , but also to the judgment of nations and peoples . The concept of Last Judgment is similar but unique . Various Last Judgment scenarios represent different forms of a general judgment , such as a global last judgment or a national last judgment . It is more concerned with the depictions and descriptions of particular versions . Jesus provided examples and illustrations of judgments against cities and generations . Jesus warned his contemporaries that the men of Nineveh , who repented at the preaching of Jonah , and the Queen of the South would testify against them in the judgment . In the context of dispatching emissaries , Jesus asked them to shake off the dust of cities that would not receive them . In the same speech , Jesus declared woes upon the cities of Chorazin and Bethsaida declaring that the cities of Sodom , Tyre , and Sidon would have a more tolerable outcome in the judgement .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9426e81cf85b7e5ee3df90c486fa55a", "text": "Argument from morality The argument from morality is an argument for the existence of God . Arguments from morality tend to be based on moral normativity or moral order . Arguments from moral normativity observe some aspect of morality and argue that God is the best or only explanation for this , concluding that God must exist . Argument from moral order are based on the asserted need for moral order to exist in the universe . They claim that , for this moral order to exist , God must exist to support it . The argument from morality is noteworthy in that one can not evaluate the soundness of the argument without attending to almost every important philosophical issue in metaethics . German philosopher Immanuel Kant devised an argument from morality based on practical reason . Kant argued that the goal of humanity is to achieve perfect happiness and virtue ( the summum bonum ) and believed that an afterlife must exist in order for this to be possible , and that God must exist to provide this . In his book Mere Christianity , C. S. Lewis argued that `` conscience reveals to us a moral law whose source can not be found in the natural world , thus pointing to a supernatural Lawgiver . '' Lewis argued that accepting the validity of human reason as a given must include accepting the validity of practical reason , which could not be valid without reference to a higher cosmic moral order which could not exist without a God to create and/or establish it . A related argument is from conscience ; John Henry Newman argued that the conscience supports the claim that objective moral truths exist because it drives people to act morally even when it is not in their own interest . Newman argued that , because the conscience suggests the existence of objective moral truths , God must exist to give authority to these truths .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18743cc8dcb9198927abec0d6cd7684b", "text": "Beatitudes The Beatitudes are eight blessings recounted in the Sermon on the Mount in the Gospel of Matthew . Each is a proverb-like proclamation , without narrative , `` cryptic , precise , and full of meaning . Each one includes a topic that forms a major biblical theme '' . Four of the blessings also appear in the Sermon on the Plain in the Gospel of Luke , followed by four woe which mirror the blessings . The term beatitude comes from the Latin noun beātitūdō which means `` happiness '' . In the Vulgate ( Latin ) , the book of Matthew titles this section Beatitudines , and `` Beatitudes '' was anglicized from that term . Each Beatitude consists of two phrases : the condition and the result . In almost every case the condition is from familiar Old Testament context , but Jesus teaches a new interpretation . Together , the Beatitudes present a new set of Christian ideals that focus on a spirit of love and humility different in orientation than the usual force and exaction taken . They echo the ideals of the teachings of Jesus on mercy , spirituality , and compassion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a80944a6876882f61e771f61521b1c6f", "text": "Persecution of Christians in the Soviet Union Throughout the history of the Soviet Union ( 1922 -- 1991 ) , there were periods where Soviet authorities suppressed and persecuted various forms of Christianity to different extents depending on State interests . Soviet Marxist-Leninism policy consistently advocated the control , suppression , and ultimately , the elimination of religious beliefs , and actively encouraged atheism in the Soviet Union . Most religions were never outlawed . The state advocated the destruction of religion , and it officially pronounced religious beliefs to be superstitious and backward . The Communist Party destroyed churches , mosques and temples , ridiculed , harassed , incarcerated and executed religious leaders , flooded the schools and media with anti-religious teachings , and it introduced a belief system called `` scientific atheism , '' with its own rituals , promises and proselytizers . In 1925 the government founded the League of Militant Atheists to intensify the persecution . The total number of Christian victims under the Soviet regime has been estimated to range between 12-20 million . Religious beliefs and practices persisted among the majority of the population , in the domestic and private spheres but also in the scattered public spaces allowed by a state that recognized its failure to eradicate religion and the political dangers of an unrelenting culture war .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17f292323c92b21542bc978b56038d8e", "text": "God's Warriors CNN Presents : God 's Warriors is a three-part August 2007 CNN Presents documentary produced by Christiane Amanpour in which she examines the rise of religious fundamentalism as a political force in the world . The documentary was filmed in the United States , Europe and Middle East . It focuses on the three major monotheistic religions of the world , Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The three chapters were titled God 's Jewish Warriors , God 's Muslim Warriors , and God 's Christian Warriors . The first describes the Jewish settlement movement in Israel and the fund-raising in the United States that supports it , while the second presents issues of radical Islam and Sharia law . The final segment focused on the United States and the political influence of Christian religious leaders . `` God 's Warriors is an investigation of religion , at a time when religious activism is a signature cultural phenomenon of our times , '' said Mark Nelson , vice president and senior executive producer for CNN Productions . `` This project 's global scope is ideally suited for the skills of someone with as impressive of a journalistic pedigree as our own Christiane Amanpour . '' For this documentary , Amanpour reports that during the last 30 years , each faith has exploded into a powerful political force comprising followers who share a dissatisfaction with modern society , and a determination to place God and religion back into daily life and to the seats of power . `` There are millions of people around the world who feel that their faith is being ignored -- pushed aside -- and they are certain they know how to make the world right , '' Amanpour says . `` We can not and should not ignore them . And , with this report , we 've tried to explain them . ''", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "89141c95079f1881812b6598386db25d", "text": "Nocturnal Animals Nocturnal Animals is a 2016 American neo-noir psychological thriller film written , co-produced , and directed by Tom Ford , based on the 1993 novel Tony and Susan by Austin Wright . The film stars Amy Adams , Jake Gyllenhaal , Michael Shannon , Aaron Taylor-Johnson , Armie Hammer , Laura Linney , Andrea Riseborough , Karl Glusman , and Michael Sheen . Principal photography began on October 5 , 2015 , in Los Angeles , California . The film was released in the United States on November 18 , 2016 , by Focus Features , received generally positive reviews from critics and has grossed $ 30 million worldwide . Nocturnal Animals was selected to compete for the Golden Lion at the 73rd Venice International Film Festival , where it won the Grand Jury Prize . It received numerous accolades , including nine BAFTA Award nominations and Golden Globe Award nominations for Best Director and Best Screenplay , plus a Best Supporting Actor win for Taylor-Johnson . At the 89th Academy Awards , Shannon received a nomination for Best Supporting Actor .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "5a1e52b9d352a0b8172fcaee10dea5fd", "text": "Nattväsen Nattväsen ( English : Night Creatures ) is the sixth studio album by the Viking metal band Månegarm . It was released in 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49903c4915e45b2b0e814816304911ec", "text": "The Humans (band) The Humans are a rock band featuring singer Toyah Willcox , former REM drummer Bill Rieflin and musician Chris Wong . The band have released three studio albums , We Are The Humans , Sugar Rush and Strange Tales , and have performed live in the UK , Estonia and the USA . The Humans were formed in 2007 when musician Robert Fripp , who is married to Toyah Willcox , was invited to play a short tour in Estonia . Fripp decided to decline the invitation because he was retired . Willcox then contacted the Estonian Embassy , who had issued the invitation , and offered to put an act together for the tour . On acceptance by the Embassy , Willcox then contacted friend and former R.E.M musician , Bill Rieflin and suggested a collaboration and to '' ... do something that is just completely off the wall -LSB- with -RSB- just one bass and a voice '' . Rieflin and Willcox hired musician and musical director Chris Wong , who had previously worked with Willcox on her solo music tours and concerts , and The Humans three-piece outfit was complete . The band released their debut album We are the Humans on 1 May 2009 . The release was celebrated with a concert at the Tartu Music Festival , where the band was joined by Fripp on guitar . The Humans released their second album Sugar Rush on 27 September 2011 . A third , digital-only , album entitled Strange Tales was released worldwide in March 2014 . A UK tour , Telling Strange Tales , is scheduled for April 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dee7d55cae9af22df65d458199dfeb25", "text": "The Animals The Animals are an English rhythm and blues and rock band , formed in Newcastle upon Tyne in the early 1960s . The band moved to London upon finding fame in 1964 . The Animals were known for their gritty , bluesy sound and deep-voiced frontman Eric Burdon , as exemplified by their signature song and transatlantic No. 1 hit single , `` The House of the Rising Sun '' , as well as by hits such as `` We Got ta Get out of This Place '' , `` It 's My Life '' , `` I 'm Crying '' and `` Do n't Let Me Be Misunderstood '' . The band balanced tough , rock-edged pop singles against rhythm and blues-orientated album material . They were known in the US as part of the British Invasion . The Animals underwent numerous personnel changes in the mid-1960s and suffered from poor business management . Under the name Eric Burdon and the Animals , the much-changed act moved to California and achieved commercial success as a psychedelic and hard rock band with hits like `` San Franciscan Nights '' , `` When I Was Young '' and `` Sky Pilot '' , before disbanding at the end of the decade . Altogether , the group had ten Top Twenty hits in both the UK Singles Chart and the US Billboard Hot 100 . The original lineup of Burdon , Alan Price , Chas Chandler , Hilton Valentine and John Steel reunited for a one off benefit concert in their home city of Newcastle in 1968 . They later had brief comebacks in 1975 and 1983 . There have been several partial regroupings of the original era members since then under various names . The Animals were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb546be84cdf3253625e625cce391264", "text": "Goat (band) Goat is a Swedish alternative and experimental fusion music group . The band originates -- according to its own publicity -- from Korpilombolo , Norrbotten County . Their album World Music , released on 20 August 2012 by Rocket Recordings , with in North America they appear on the Sub Pop label . The group released their third studio album , Requiem , in October 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef8b31408ceffdf97d1c1a1a4e0b8e6f", "text": "Neon Swing X-perience Neon Swing X-perience ( NSX ) was founded in 1998 by Mike Urick ( trumpet/vocalist ) near Jeannette , Pennsylvania . Since then , the band has been dedicated to preserving varied forms of `` Americana '' music - particularly those types inspired or rooted in the big bands of the 1930s and 40 's . The band has independently released five CD 's and has recorded a sixth to be released for its ten-year anniversary . The new album ( entitled `` Here To Stay '' ) from Phoenix Records was scheduled to be released on July 20 , 2008 at Club Cafe in Pittsburgh , PA. . Following the release , it will be available through various digital download sites and retail stores . Recently , the band has seen several high points in its career including being the only swing band to ever place as a finalist in Pittsburgh 's prestigious Graffiti Rock Showcase ( 2004 ) , performing at the legendary Derby in Hollywood CA , having a mixed drink named after them ( the Neon ) , completing two east coast tours , and selling out the Hard Rock Cafe on multiple occasions . The band 's third tour is scheduled for the summer of 2008 and , among other venues , includes stops at Central Park in NYC and Dogfish Head Brewery . Band members have changed significantly since 1998 , but the current line-up includes : Urick , Wally `` The Werewolf '' Hunter ( various saxes and wild instruments ) , Joe Palacki ( drums ) , Steve Tomkowitz ( sax ) , Tim Palko ( bass ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "842f06eca66423ab3571680a1c822ea8", "text": "Ten Benson Ten Benson are a rock band from London , United Kingdom formed in 1997 . Their early releases saw them described as `` psychedelic hillbillies '' , but they later moved on to a ( cod - ) heavy metal sound .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b60fb8ade1a30a4d90ff0635a69ed841", "text": "Rock 'n' Roll Animal Rock n Roll Animal is a live album by Lou Reed , released by RCA Records in 1974 . In its original form , it features five songs , four of which are Velvet Underground songs . The musicians were Pentti Glan ( drums ) and Prakash John ( bass ) , Ray Colcord ( keyboards ) , and Dick Wagner and Steve Hunter on guitars . ( The two guitarists would later form the basis of the second Alice Cooper band , beginning on Welcome to My Nightmare , which also features Glan and John . ) The album was recorded live on , at Howard Stein 's Academy of Music in New York City . A sleeper hit , it peaked at # 45 on the Billboard album chart during a twenty-eight-week stay before earning Reed 's first RIAA gold certification in 1978 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35e9a20abe4f5b70cbf882cf20e894f6", "text": "Modey Lemon Modey Lemon is an American garage rock band from Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . The group formed in Pittsburgh 's South Oakland neighborhood in 1999 as an informal side project of Dean Swagger , a rock trio that had spent the previous year mainly performing in basements to college party crowds . The original lineup consisted of guitarist Phil Boyd and drummer Paul Quattrone , then nominally students at the University of Pittsburgh . The group made its first appearances at the Halloween weekend in 1999 and played a live set on WPTS 92.1 FM , the University of Pittsburgh college radio station , segments of which later turned up on the group 's demo album , House on the Hill ( and , subsequently , its 2002 self-titled release ) . By 2000 , the duo had gained a reputation around Pittsburgh for its concerts . Modey Lemon , the group 's debut album , appeared in early 2002 , and the band supported the album with tours of the US and Europe . The group followed their self-titled release with a brief stint on In the Red Records , which released a double 7 inch record , before recommending the band to Birdman Records owner Dave Katznelson , who then signed the band . Prior to the mid-2003 release of second album Thunder + Lightning , Boyd and Quattrone added Jason Kirker on guitar and Moog synthesizer . Following the US release of Thunder + Lighting the band signed with Mute Records , which licensed and released the album in the UK and Europe , and via EMI ( Mute 's parent label ) in Japan . The single releases , `` Crows '' ( 2004 , # 75 ) and `` Sleepwalkers '' ( 2005 , # 71 ) , each appeared in the UK Singles Chart for one week . Their third album The Curious City was released in August 2005 on Birdman/Mute . Modey Lemon has performed with The White Stripes , The Von Bondies ( 2002 UK tour ) , Girl Talk , the Blues Explosion , the Yeah Yeah Yeahs , Oneida ( 2005 Europe tour ) , The Warlocks ( 2003 UK Tour ) , Icarus Line ( 2004 UK tour ) , Dinosaur Jr. ( 2005 tour dates in UK/Europe/US ) , Arctic Monkeys ( 2009 US tour ) , and has played festivals such as Glastonbury ( 2005 ) , ArthurFest ( 2005 ) , Meredith Music Festival ( 2003 ) , and Transmusicales ( 2004 ) . In 2006 , the band appeared in a ` punk club ' scene in the film adaptation of Michael Chabon 's novel The Mysteries of Pittsburgh , performing two original songs written for the film as well as two cover songs . The band released their fourth album Season of Sweets on May 12 , 2008 . The band also completed a tour of the US in June and July that year and a tour of the UK and mainland Europe in September . In August 2009 the band supported the Arctic Monkeys in New York City , Boston , and Chicago . In October 2009 , it was announced that their track `` Become a Monk '' from the band 's album Season of Sweets , would be included on the soundtrack of the video game , Tony Hawk : Ride . In 2010 Modey Lemon recorded and released one single `` Wandering Eye b/w Cheetahs for Chariots '' on These Are Not Records and performed once at the University of Pittsburgh 's William Pitt Union in spring 2010 before going on indefinite hiatus . In 2015 , Modey Lemon 's first two albums `` House on the Hill '' and Modey Lemon ( album ) were reissued on vinyl for the first time on A-F Records , Mind Cure Records , and Omentum Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a101a0e5bc1a8a2f0c11532b60c3e309", "text": "Animal (Miike Snow song) `` Animal '' is a song performed by Swedish indie pop band Miike Snow . It was released as the first single from the band 's 2009 self-titled debut album on 17 February 2009 through Columbia and Downtown Records . Written by the band alongside Henrik Jonback , `` Animal '' is a pop song with instrumentation provided by horns and staccato synthesizers . Lead singer Andrew Wyatt has explained that it has an ambiguous meaning ; its lyrics can be interpreted as dealing with matters such as addiction , basic instincts or dissatisfaction when one 's needs are not met by society . Applauding its catchiness and pop sound , critics were positive towards `` Animal '' . Following its release in the United Kingdom , the single managed to peak at number 98 on the UK Singles Chart , but failed to chart elsewhere . Two music videos were made to promote the release of `` Animal '' ; the first was directed by Sebastian Mlynarski and depicts the band wearing different animal masks , and the second video , directed by Anthony Dickenson , features a mixture of projections , animation and performance footage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cb2b378b830f6e797bcae573cc825540", "text": "Afterhour (band) Afterhour ( stylized as A F T R H R ) is an alternative rock band . The band was originally formed in Orlando , Florida in 2003 under the name There For Tomorrow . The group originally consisted of four members and was influenced by bands such as Jimmy Eat World , Third Eye Blind , and The Hives . On November 19 , 2014 , the band released a statement saying that they were disbanding and that they 've been `` trying to find themselves as individuals '' after slowing things down in 2012 . They planned to play two final shows with Enriquez and Climer as band members in their home city of Orlando in December 2014 . In late 2015 , Maika Maile and Chris Kamrada reformed under the name Afterhour . The duo continued the indie direction they had introduced on the Nightscape EP .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "abf0e7dbc4f33a5e11a300ec02347e72", "text": "Cougars (band) Cougars is a Chicago-based rock band formed in 2000 . The band signed to the New York-based label Go-Kart Records in 2003 and has embarked on several extensive US and European tours . Cougars ' music is often compared to that of The Jesus Lizard and Rocket from the Crypt . The band avoids categorizing themselves in interviews ; they 've claimed to be simply `` a rock band with horns '' and `` a rock band making rock music . '' In 2007 , the band parted ways with saxophonist Jeff Vidmont and trumpet player Mark Beening . In 2008 , it parted ways with keyboardist Sam Ambrosini . As of 2012 , the band continues to write material for its much anticipated third studio album , Gentleman 's Choice .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3218e1209ced51422f0ebfb98460bbaf", "text": "Circus Maximus (American band) Circus Maximus was an American band in the late 1960s , who combined influences from folk music , rock , and jazz into a form of psychedelic rock .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3f324aa85ec77748e798e948f8c4560", "text": "The Good Rats The Good Rats are an American rock band from Long Island , New York . Their music mixes elements of rock with blues and pop . They are best-known on their native Long Island , although they had some success nationally and internationally .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "296eaa9562da80d53219c40cd1539fa8", "text": "Lost Dogs Lost Dogs are an American musical supergroup formed in 1991 , comprising vocalists , songwriters , and guitarists from multiple Christian alternative rock bands . Their current lineup includes Terry Scott Taylor ( Daniel Amos , the Swirling Eddies ) , Michael Roe ( The 77s ) , Derri Daugherty and Steve Hindalong ( The Choir ) . The original lineup included Gene Eugene ( Adam Again ) , who died in 2000 . The band 's eclectic blending of folk , blues , country , and rock has been characterized as `` a sort of CCM equivalent to the Traveling Wilburys '' . The band released their debut album Scenic Routes in 1992 as a one-time collaboration . Lost Dogs concert performances are filled with between-song jokes and one-liners between the band members ( usually poking fun at each other ) . Many Lost Dogs albums include at least one or two cover songs . Songs covered by Lost Dogs on an album or in concert include Bob Dylan 's `` Lord Protect My Child '' , Leonard Cohen 's `` If It Be Your Will '' , The Beatles ' `` I 'm A Loser '' , `` The Chipmunk Song ( Christmas Do n't Be Late ) '' , and Stephen Foster 's `` Hard Times , Come Again No More '' . In March , 2000 , shortly after the release of their Gift Horse album , Gene Eugene died . In 2004 , the band got together with Steve Hindalong to produce a special album for their summer tour . The result was entitled MUTT , and included new acoustic versions of ten songs originally written and recorded for each band member 's regular rock bands . The following year , the band would release the almost entirely instrumental Island Dreams . The Lost Cabin and the Mystery Trees , was released July 2006 . In 2008 , the Lost Dogs traveled down historic Route 66 with cinematographer Jimmy Abegg . Abegg filmed the band 's experiences . The band then wrote and recorded 14 songs inspired by their journey , which was released as Old Angel in May 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "83f8f4aaad842a5b63cb3917cbfe493d", "text": "Noctura Noctura was an American rock band based out of Indianapolis , Indiana .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b62e6e7a5667fc65bc03817d198a877", "text": "Tales of Mystery and Imagination (Nocturnal Rites album) Tales of Mystery and Imagination is the second album by Swedish power metal band Nocturnal Rites , their first on Century Media . It received distribution in Europe in February 1998 after being initially released only in Japan . In 2005 , the album was re-issued as a 2-disc compilation titled , Lost in Time : The Early Years of Nocturnal Rites . The compilation featured previously unreleased demos and acoustic re-recordings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e1cd95684aaf5f6529a86b4e7a5f58f", "text": "Night Sun Night Sun were a German heavy prog/metal band consisting of Bruno Schaab ( vocals , bass ) , Walter Kirchgessner ( guitar ) , Knut Rossler ( organ , saxophon ) and Ulrich Staudt ( drums ) . Their one and only album , Mournin ' , was released in 1972 on Polydor 's Zebra label . Kirchgessner 's compositions and way of guitar playing reminds of Deep Purples 's Ritchie Blackmore , and Schaab 's vocals recalled the screams of Robert Plant from Led Zeppelin . The group played a loud , Deep Purple/Black Sabbath/Led Zeppelin style rock , with a characteristic `` heavy progressive '' instrumentation of lead guitar , organ , bass and drums . The album was produced by Konrad Plank ( whose production credits include Kraftwerk 's early output and Ash Ra Tempel ) at the Windrose Studio , Hamburg . With their sudden shifts of rhythm structures , guitar-with-organ riffing style and some studio effects , particularly phasing , Night Sun never went too close to the ordinary boogie and rock 'n' roll trap . Their sound consisted of many elements , all of which will be of interest to fans of Thrash , Stoner , Doom , Power and Prog Metal , and their 1970s roots .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9913ef21700a7feac257520ce5d7ee42", "text": "The Hunters Club The Hunters Club were a British grebo goth rock band that formed in Leicester , England .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2025ae60ca69113b0064bd0211e41b82", "text": "Pets (song) `` Pets '' is a song by alternative rock band Porno for Pyros and the second single from their 1993 self-titled album , Porno for Pyros . The Cursed Female / Cursed Male '' single preceded Pets , but saw only a limited radio station and promotional release , making Pets the first widely available commercial single from the album . The song became a No. 1 hit on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart . The song 's success was aided , in part , by a unique video directed by Jonathan Dayton and Valerie Faris ( they would later direct the critically acclaimed film Little Miss Sunshine ) which received heavy rotation on MTV .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d27768f6080a2db2b87e3d40ae873074", "text": "The Hunters (band) The Hunters are a Canadian punk rock band from Quebec City . Since their formation in 2006 , The Hunters have toured extensively in Canada , as well as the US East Coast and Europe .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "550f587ab604d1c62726abe56f32a66a", "text": "Ted Kaczynski Theodore John Kaczynski ( -LSB- kəˈzɪnski -RSB- born May 22 , 1942 ) , also known as the `` Unabomber '' , is an American serial killer , domestic terrorist , and self-professed anarchist . A mathematical prodigy , he abandoned a promising academic career in 1969 , then between 1978 and 1995 killed three people , and injured 23 others , in a nationwide bombing campaign targeting people involved with modern technology . In conjunction with this campaign he issued a wide-ranging social critique opposing industrialization and modern technology , and advancing a nature-centered form of anarchism . Kaczynski was born and raised in Evergreen Park , Illinois . While growing up in Evergreen Park he was a child prodigy , excelling academically from an early age . Kaczynski was accepted into Harvard University at the age of 16 , where he earned an undergraduate degree . He subsequently earned a PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan . He became an assistant professor at the University of California , Berkeley in 1967 at age 25 . He resigned two years later . As a Harvard undergraduate , Kaczynski was among twenty-two students who were research subjects in ethically questionable experiments conducted by psychology professor Henry Murray from late 1959 to early 1962 . In 1971 , he moved to a remote cabin without electricity or running water in Lincoln , Montana , where he lived as a recluse while learning survival skills in an attempt to become self-sufficient . Seventeen years after beginning his mail bomb campaign , Kaczynski sent a letter to The New York Times on April 24 , 1995 and promised `` to desist from terrorism '' if the Times or The Washington Post published his manifesto , Industrial Society and Its Future ( the `` Unabomber Manifesto '' ) , in which he argued that his bombings were extreme but necessary to attract attention to the erosion of human freedom necessitated by modern technologies requiring large-scale organization . The Unabomber was the target of one of the Federal Bureau of Investigation 's costliest investigations . Before Kaczynski 's identity was known , the FBI used the title `` UNABOM '' ( UNiversity & Airline BOMber ) to refer to his case , which resulted in the media calling him the Unabomber . The FBI ( as well as Attorney General Janet Reno ) pushed for the publication of Kaczynski 's `` Manifesto '' , which led to his sister-in-law , and then his brother , recognizing Kaczynski 's style of writing and beliefs from the manifesto , and tipping off the FBI . Kaczynski tried unsuccessfully to dismiss his court-appointed lawyers because they wanted to plead insanity in order to avoid the death penalty , as Kaczynski did not believe he was insane . When it became clear that his pending trial would entail national television exposure for Kaczynski , the court entered a plea agreement , under which he pleaded guilty and was sentenced to life in prison with no possibility of parole . He has been designated a `` domestic terrorist '' by the FBI . Some anarcho-primitivist authors , such as John Zerzan and John Moore , have come to his defense , while also holding some reservations about his actions and ideas .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "9d35669e34455a17555685a6e8593cff", "text": "Wellington Declaration The `` Wellington Declaration '' ( otherwise known as the Declaration of Wellington ) was a manifesto by King Charles I near the start of the English Civil War On 18 September 1642 , before the first major pitched battle of Civil War , King Charles I raised his standard `` in the vicinity of '' ( i.e. not actually in ) Wellington , at the time a small , though highly influential , market town in Shropshire and addressed his troops the next day . He declared that he would uphold `` the Protestant Religion , the Laws of England , and the Liberty of Parliament '' . The Wellington Declaration was held to be so important that the Royal Mint stamped its slogans on the reverse of the 10 / - silver coins RELIG : PROT : LEG : ANG : LIBER : PAR and silver half crowns ( 2/6 ) REL.PRO.LEG.ANG.LIB.PAR that it produced at that time . The inscriptions abbreviate the words `` RELIGIO PROTESTANTIUM , LEGES ANGLIAE , LIBERTAS PARLIAMENTI '' , which is the declaration in Latin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e9253cd386be8f75615ad2674fd8bdb", "text": "A Manifesto for a Re-appraisal of Sinology and Reconstruction of Chinese Culture `` A Manifesto for a Re-appraisal of Sinology and Reconstruction of Chinese Culture '' ( 为中国文化敬告世界人士宣言 ; Wei Zhongguo Wenua Jinggao Shijie Renshi Xuanyan ; also translated as `` Declaration on Behalf of Chinese Culture Respectfully Announced to the People of the World '' ) is an essay originally published in China and Taiwan in 1958 . The essay 's collective authors included Carsun Chang ( Zhang Junmai ) , Tang Chun-I ( Tang Junyi ) , Mou Tsung-san ( Mou Zongsan ) , and Hsu Fo-kuan ( Xu Fuguan ) , all `` New Confucianism '' scholars and notable students of Xiong Shili .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a0f8c3340cccda6dd14eada41d559d5", "text": "Politics (magazine 1944–1949) politics was a journal founded and edited by Dwight Macdonald from 1944 to 1949 . Macdonald had previously been editor at Partisan Review from 1937 to 1943 , but after falling out with its publishers , quit to start politics as a rival publication , first on a monthly basis and then as a quarterly . politics published essays on politics and culture and included among its contributors James Agee , John Berryman , Bruno Bettelheim , Paul Goodman , C. Wright Mills , Mary McCarthy , Marianne Moore , Irving Howe , Daniel Bell , Hannah Arendt . The journal reflected Macdonald 's interest in European culture . He used politics to introduce US readers to the thinking of the French philosopher Simone Weil , publishing several articles by her , including `` A Poem of Force '' , her reflections on the Iliad . He also printed work by Albert Camus . Another European , the Italian political and literary critic Nicola Chiaromonte , was also given space in the journal . politics was also Macdonald 's vehicle for his repeated and energetic attacks against Henry Wallace and his Progressive Party campaign for President . In a letter to Philip Rahv at the end of December 1943 , George Orwell mentioned that Macdonald had written asking him to contribute to his forthcoming journal . Orwell had replied telling him he might `` do something ` cultural ' '' but not ` political ' as he was already writing his `` London Letters '' to Partisan Review . In his `` As I Please '' article for the 16 June 1944 issue of Tribune , George Orwell recommended politics . He stated that he disagreed with its policy but admired `` its combination of highbrow political analysis with intelligent literary criticism . '' He went on to add that there were no monthly or quarterly magazines in England `` to come up to '' the American ones , of which there were several . Macdonald , in an editorial comment for the November 1944 issue of politics referred to a letter from Orwell which cast interesting light on the ` russification ' of English political thought over the last two years . Orwell had read the May issue 's review of Harold Laski 's Faith , Reason and Civilisation and mentioned that the Manchester Evening News , the evening edition of the Manchester Guardian , had refused to print his own review because of its anti-Stalin implications . Despite considering the book `` pernicious tripe '' , Orwell had praised the author for being `` aware that the USSR is the real dynamo of the Socialist movement in this country and everywhere else . '' , but criticized him for shutting his eyes to `` purges , liquidations '' , etc. . Macdonald pointed out that the fact that such a review should be considered `` too hot '' shows how much the feats of the Red Army had misled the English public opinion about Russia . He added that the `` English liberal press had been far more honest about the Moscow Trials than our own liberal journals '' and that Trotsky had been able to write in the Guardian .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6532ceda3a5eb0d20e2478c9c5593263", "text": "Parallel Polis The political-social concept Parallel Polis was created by Czech political thinker and dissident Vaclav Benda in connection with movement Charter 77 . In addition to other philosophers , Benda sought a theoretical grasp of the social events in the circles of dissents . The so-called alternative culture or underground was described in the text Parallel Polis in 1978 for the first time . As a political scientist , Benda noticed the emergence of a new social structure which was born in artistic and intellectual circles as a tool to escape the totalitarian communist regime . He detected the following basic pillars of this new `` field '' : 1 . Constant monitoring and verification of the extent of civic rights and freedoms which the State has a tendency to restrict . Parallel Polis consists of people who actively advocate for , and protect their rights . 2 . Parallel `` alternative '' culture / underground culture is independent and are various spheres of art which are operated and developed without permission and support from the public authorities . 3 . Parallel education and science , which represent the realization of the right of free education and the development of scientific research ( residential seminars , various educational societies , academies etc. . ) 4 . Parallel informational system as an expression of the right of free dissemination of information ( samizdat publishing , unofficial magazines , collections etc. . ) 5 . Parallel economy : `` political power considers this the area as a critical resource for arbitrary control of citizens and strictly regulates it at the same time '' . Economy of dissence was based on reciprocity and trust in the individual person . It was a natural germ of a reputational principle and the search for the exchange resources that are not dependent on control of centralized monetary tools . 6 . Creation of the parallel political structures and promoting their development . The alternative political structures have to be incubated in the environment of the Parallel Polis and develop into such a functional form that they will be able to replace the ruling authoritarian regime . 7 . Parallel foreign policy has to be an instrument of the parallel society for the stabilization and the grounding of the movement in the international context and the search for potential financial and mental resources . These patterns of the parallel structure are not a closed set , on the contrary , they should occur more on all fronts of the resistance against the authoritarian State . The aim of the Parallel Polis , according to Vaclav Havel , Ivan Martin Jirous , Milan Šimečky and other dissents , who discussed the concept , -LSB- 2 -RSB- should be a so-called independent society . A society that is not oppressed by laws and the decisions of the representatives of the public authorities . A society that is based on its own values . Values which are not forced upon by the central authorities . You could even say , that `` Parallel Polis '' today does not represent a `` dissident world '' but the world of persuasions and private interests of the society as a whole . On one hand , `` Parallel Polis '' gives to the totalitarian authorities what it wants , but at the same time does everything it wants and has nothing in common with the authorities . After the revolution in 1989 , nobody paid too much attention to this concept , because it was ahead of its time , but nowadays the concept is relevant , because of the increased activities in the field of civil rights & the way the authoritarian state has been suppressed . The seminal idea received great attention in the dissident community in Czechoslovakia and in western political circles . It was , however , never put into practice . With the arrival of the Velvet Revolution in 1990 , the idea seemed irrelevant . It has since been revived by a group of scholars who originally met at the University of Washington but who now work at other academic institutions . Their thinking posits that Benda 's idea is now being practiced on the Internet which more easily facilitates parallel institutions . Since 2014 , a physical space inspired by the idea and named after it exists in Prague 's Holešovice district .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "522a5f7bb4043aa8e90fb06df36fbdec", "text": "Principles of Communism Principles of Communism ( German : Grundsätze des Kommunismus ) is a book written in 1847 by Friedrich Engels , the co-founder of Marxism . It is structured as a catechism , containing 25 questions about communism , which Engels provides an answer to . Engels explains the basics of communism , and discusses society , history , and economic systems from a Marxist point of view , with the materialist conception of history in focus . It was used as a base for the writing of the longer Manifesto of the Communist Party .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f3e9c4ab77798917fd80a5373e65cf4", "text": "Anarchy Is What States Make of It Anarchy is What States Make of It ( full title : Anarchy is what states make of it : the social construction of power politics ) is a journal article by Alexander Wendt published in International Organization in 1992 that outlines a constructivist approach to international relations theory . He argues that anarchy is not inherent in the international system in the way in which other schools of international relations theory envision it , but rather it is a construct of the nation-states in the system . At the core of constructivist thought is the idea that many core aspects of international relations are socially constructed ( they are given their form by ongoing processes of social practice and interaction ) , rather than inherent , contrary to the assumptions of neorealism and neoliberalism . According to Wendt , the two basic tenets of constructivism are : The structures of human association are determined primarily by shared ideas rather than material forces The identities and interests of purposive actors are constructed by these shared ideas rather than given by nature The constructivist sentiment is summed up in the following extract from the article : `` I argue that self-help and power politics do not follow either logically or causally from anarchy and that if today we find ourselves in a self-help world , this is due to process , not structure . There is no ` logic ' of anarchy apart from the practices that create and instantiate one structure of identities and interests rather than another ; structure has no existence or causal powers apart from process . Self-help and power politics are institutions , not essential features , of anarchy . Anarchy is what states make of it '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cbd7d3bbcb245f28a7d82f9b4a8c0de4", "text": "Heidelberg Appeal The Heidelberg Appeal , authored by Michel Salomon and signed by a large number of scientists , is a statement decrying `` an irrational ideology which is opposed to scientific and industrial progress , and impedes economic and social development . '' Issued to coincide with the opening of the United Nations-sponsored Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 , the Appeal stated that its signers : `` share the objectives of the ` Earth Summit ' '' but advised `` the authorities in charge of our planet 's destiny against decisions which are supported by pseudo-scientific arguments or false and non-relevant data . ... The greatest evils which stalk our Earth are ignorance and oppression , and not Science , Technology and Industry . '' It was carefully worded to be directed generally at underfunded and poorly conducted science , rather than specifically at climate change . This allowed it to be promoted and exploited by a number of different industries by using this in the context of their own pollution defenses . In fact , the Appeal was created and promoted by a group of industry associations with polluting problems ( including chemical , energy , and mining concerns ) : the tobacco industry was involved , but in this case it was not the primary driving force . At that time the tobacco industry was focussed on trying to change the scientific standards for Good Epidemiology Practice ( GEP ) A version of the Heidelberg Appeal was published in the June 1 , 1992 , Wall Street Journal over the signatures of 46 prominent scientists and other intellectuals . It has subsequently been endorsed by some 4,000 scientists , including 72 Nobel Prize winners . The Appeal was for an anthropocentric assessment of the world 's resources and a utilitarian as opposed to abolitionist approach to hazardous substances used or created by technology . It targeted as irrational , by implication , if not explicitly , both a vision of a `` Natural State '' with intrinsic rights to impede the activities of man , and hysterical fears of environmental poisons , disproportionate to the threat and dismissive of their associated benefits . The Heidelberg Appeal has been enthusiastically embraced by critics of the environmental movement such as S. Fred Singer of the Science and Environmental Policy Project . Conservative think tanks frequently cite the Heidelberg Appeal as proof that scientists reject the theory of global warming as well as a host of other environmental health risks associated with modern science and industry . Its name has subsequently been adopted by the Heidelberg Appeal Nederland Foundation , which was founded in 1993 and disputes health risks related to nitrates in foods and antibiotic-resistant bacteria . The Heidelberg Appeal was promoted in 1993 by the International Center for a Scientific Ecology , a group set up by Michael Salomon `` that was considered important in Philip Morris ' plans to create a group in Europe similar to The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition ( TASSC ) '' . Parts of the Heidelberg Appeal endorse environmental concerns , such as a sentence that states , `` We fully subscribe to the objectives of a scientific ecology for a universe whose resources must be taken stock of , monitored and preserved . '' Its 72 Nobel laureates include 49 who also signed the `` World Scientists ' Warning to Humanity '' , which was circulated that same year by the Union of Concerned Scientists ( UCS ) and attracted the majority of the world 's living Nobel laureates in science along with some 1,700 other leading scientists . In contrast with the vagueness of the Heidelberg Appeal , the `` World Scientists ' Warning '' is a very explicit environmental manifesto , stating that `` human beings and the natural world are on a collision course '' and citing ozone depletion , global climate change , air pollution , groundwater depletion , deforestation , overfishing , and species extinction among the trends that threaten to `` so alter the living world that it will be unable to sustain life in the manner that we know . '' Moreover the Heidelberg Appeal has been , if not specifically misrepresented , at least broadly interpreted out of context , for example , by The National Center for Public Policy which asserts `` The appeal warns industrialized nations that no compelling scientific consensus exists to justify mandatory greenhouse gas emissions cuts . '' Although the Heidelberg Appeal may be open to such an interpretation , it is not what the document said , as the text below shows . 1994 Jun 16 Matt Winokur then sends to a list of PM organisers a note saying : APCo ( the old spelling of APCO Worldwide ) is completing its evaluation of a Symposium for Europe in the fall . They have forwarded the draft Guiding Scientific Principles ( or GEP ) which would constitute the outcome of such a meeting . They are on the right track but the language is too vague . ( Tom ) Borelli and ( Richard ) Carchman will review and tighten . Obviously , any output from the symposium must be supportive of GEP . So the bottom line for both the GEP resolution and GEP Symposium must be in synch . Burson ( Marsteller ) has begun its feasibility review based on a more explicit understanding that GEP is what we are interested in promoting . I gather from Jim -LSB- Lindheim of B-M -RSB- that there may have been a misunderstanding as to whether or not Burson was to have proceeded with the review prior to the presentation of a `` joint '' proposal -LSB- APCO and B-M -RSB- . I was aware that Burson began and take responsibility for allowing them to proceed . If you do n't want to pay for it then I will . But the intelligence obtained from their interviews with potential coalition sponsors as well as information about analogous efforts by existing groups , e.g. , Heidelberg , will be critical to the development of a comprehensive Burson/APCo proposal . -LSB- Note : after a territory battle , Philip Morris had suggested that rivals APCO and B-M present this as a joint proposal -RSB- The Burson research is necessary now in order to tell us whether it is possible or efficient to try to develop an enduring -LSB- ` Sound Science ' -RSB- coalition following on from the symposium . Possible , in that there may prove to be an insufficient amount of interest in the corporate sector for such a movement . Efficient , in that there may already exist analogous groups which we could use without going to the effort of starting one from scratch . And we need to be careful not to step on unseen toes . For example , Bruce Ames is part of TASSC and Heidelberg . Do we need/want him on a third group in Europe ? Thus the benefit in having Burson complete the study now , is that what they learn will be factored into both the content of the symposium AND inform us as to what options are available after the symposium concludes . If we only want a one off event , that 's our decision . But I would think we 'd at least want a mechanism to be able to tap the participants to later on endorse the GEP resolution in the appropriate EU institutions . The Burson research will also turn up corporate interest in GEP in general which may help us identify allies regardless of whether we do either a symposium or create a coalition . The presentation therefore at the next TF mtg. will be a single proposal for PM prepared jointly by Burson and APCo . And I 've asked Margery -LSB- Krause of APCO -RSB- and Jim -LSB- Lindheim of B-M -RSB- to come themselves , as well as any other support staff they may wish to have accompany them .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7962a01436f911a28e75d15bda5ebde", "text": "Orthodox Marxism Orthodox Marxism is the body of Marxist thought that emerged following the death of Karl Marx which became the official philosophy of the socialist movement as represented in the Second International until the First World War . Orthodox Marxism aims to simplify , codify and systematize Marxist methodology and theory , ironing out the perceived ambiguities and contradictions of Classical Marxism . The `` orthodoxy '' in orthodox Marxism specifically refers to the methodology of historical materialism and dialectical materialism employed and not to any of the normative aspects inherent to classical Marxism . `` Orthodox '' does not imply adherence to the results of Marx 's own investigations . The fundamental characteristics of orthodox Marxism include the understanding that material development ( advances in technology in the productive forces ) is the primary agent of change in the structure of society and human social relations , and that social systems and their relations ( e.g. : feudalism , capitalism , etc. ) become increasingly contradictory and inefficient as the productive forces advance , resulting in some form of social revolution arising in response to these mounting contradictions . This revolutionary change serves as the vehicle for fundamental society-wide changes and ultimately leads to the emergence of new economic systems .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e949829059e6c31e62102c0f89ab630f", "text": "Declaration (book) Declaration was originally a self-published electronic pamphlet by Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri on the Occupy movement that was released as a `` Kindle single '' in May 2012 . The book explores the new democratic politics of organization , representation , and resistance that have been inaugurated by the movement . It has since been published in paper form by Argo-Navis . An excerpt from the introduction was published in Jacobin magazine under the title `` Take Up the Baton '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7fdb7bfb6c3c5c90e4c18798a5b3a863", "text": "Syncretic politics Syncretic politics or spectral-syncretic refers to politics outside the conventional left -- right political spectrum . The term syncretic politics has been derived from the idea of syncretism ( syncretic religion ) . The main idea of syncretic politics is that taking political positions of neutrality by combining elements associated with the left and right can achieve a goal of reconciliation . Since this umbrella term is defined by the negation of the two standard poles of a given one-dimensional political spectrum , it refers to quite heterogeneous approaches . The Falange of Spain presented itself as syncretic . Falangism has attacked both the left and the right as its `` enemies '' , declaring itself to be neither left nor right , but a third position . In Hungary there has been a strong presence of syncretic political parties since the revolutions of 1989 . They won the election in 1990 forming a coalition government : Hungarian Democratic Forum , Independent Smallholders , Agrarian Workers and Civic Party and KDNP . KDNP later became a close ally of FIDESZ , losing this attribute in the process . After the first 4-year term syncretic parties went into a decline , many of them disappearing and only two new ones emerging since then : Hungarian Justice and Life Party and Politics Can Be Different , the latter still being present in the Hungarian parliament . Notable politicians are prime minister József Antall , minister of agriculture and rural development József Torgyán and green leader András Schiffer . At the peak of the Cold War , the former Argentinian President Juan Perón ( 1946 -- 55 ; 1973 -- 74 ) defined the international position of his doctrine ( Peronism ) as a third position between capitalism and communism , a stance which became a precedent of the Non-Aligned Movement . In the United States , `` third way '' adherents embrace fiscal conservatism to a greater extent than traditional social liberals , and advocate some replacement of welfare with workfare , and sometimes have a stronger preference for market solutions to traditional problems ( as in pollution markets ) , while rejecting pure laissez-faire economics and other libertarian positions . This style of governing was firmly adopted and partly redefined during the administration of President Bill Clinton . Political scientist Stephen Skowronek introduced the term `` third way '' into the interpretation of American presidential politics . Such presidents undermine the opposition by borrowing policies from it in an effort to seize the middle and with it to achieve political dominance . This technique is known as triangulation , and was used by Bill Clinton and other New Democrats who sought to move beyond the party 's New Deal liberalism reputation in response to the political realignment of the 1980s . Through this strategy , Clinton adopted themes associated with the Republican Party , such as fiscal conservatism , welfare reform , deregulation , and law and order policies . Famously , he declared in the 1996 State of the Union Address , `` the era of big government is over . '' In the United Kingdom , the emergence of New Labour under Tony Blair and Gordon Brown was a pitch for the Third Way , mixing economic neo-liberal policies , such as banking privatisation , with socially progressive policies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d58468ca498d1990d23664ae90c52fe1", "text": "Communist revolution A communist revolution is a proletarian revolution often , but not necessarily inspired by the ideas of Marxism that aims to replace capitalism with communism , typically with socialism as an intermediate stage . The idea that a proletarian revolution is needed is a cornerstone of Marxism ; Marxists believe that the workers of the world must unite and free themselves from capitalist oppression to create a world run by and for the working class . Thus , in the Marxist view , proletarian revolutions need to happen in countries all over the world . Leninism argues that a communist revolution must be led by a vanguard of `` professional revolutionaries '' , men and women who are fully dedicated to the communist cause and who can then form the nucleus of the revolutionary movement . Some Marxists disagree with the idea of a vanguard as put forth by Lenin , especially left communists . Some who continue to consider themselves Marxist -- Leninists also oppose the vanguard despite disagreeing with the majority of left communism . These critics insist that the entire working class -- or at least a large part of it -- must be deeply involved and equally committed to the socialist or communist cause in order for a proletarian revolution to be successful . To this end , they seek to build massive communist parties with very large memberships .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77ca1d9ba652399110acf3ad827c1f99", "text": "Ted Tripp Edward Clavell `` Ted '' Tripp ( 25 September 1900 -- 21 September 1979 ) was an English-born Australian political organiser and communist . Tripp was born at Acton in London to cigar merchant Clavell John Francis Tripp and Violet Mary , née Vinall . He attended boarding school and , despite taking the University of Cambridge entrance examination , became an apprentice to an engineer . He worked for the Metropolitan Railways in London during World War I and became politically radicalised by the 1917 Russian Revolution . In 1924 Tripp moved to Western Australia and then to Townsville , where he worked on the government railways and joined the Australian Workers ' Union and the Communist Party of Australia . In 1929 he ran for the Legislative Assembly of Queensland as an Independent Communist candidate for Mundingburra . He visited Britain , Germany and Moscow later in 1929 and leaned towards Trotskyism , returning to Australia by mid-1930 . In 1931 Tripp was a candidate for the 1931 by-election for the House of Representatives seat of Parkes , making him the first endorsed Communist to stand for federal parliament . At the federal election later that year he contested Darling and in 1932 ran for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of King . Despite being president of the Friends of the Soviet Union from 1930 to 1933 , he lost favour with the Communist Party and was expelled in 1934 , joining the Sydney Trotskyists , a local branch of the Workers ' Party of Australia . He became secretary of the Workers ' Party in 1935 and edited the organisations journal , the Militant . He fell out with his new party in 1937 and led the League for Revolutionary Democracy ( Independent Communist League ) , a rival group . Tripp moved to Melbourne in 1938 and on 30 July married Ruby May Bullock at Carlton . He worked as a fitter in a munitions factory at Footscray until 1965 but continued his involvement in the radical unionist movement , being appointed tutor at the Victorian Labor College in 1945 and becoming the college 's secretary in 1956 . In a largely symbolic gesture he joined the Socialist Workers ' Party in 1978 . He died at Footscray in 1979 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9455b5cda5f107db3151daea31132cdb", "text": "List of works in critical theory This is a list of important and seminal works in the field of critical theory . Otto Maria Carpeaux História da Literatura Ocidental , 8 vol . ( Portuguese , 1959 -- 66 ) M. H. Abrams The Mirror and the Lamp : Romantic Theory and the Critical Tradition Theodor Adorno Aesthetic Theory Negative Dialectics Theodor Adorno & Max Horkheimer Dialectic of Enlightenment Louis Althusser For Marx Lenin and Philosophy Erich Auerbach Mimesis : The Representation of Reality in Western Literature Mikhail Bakhtin Discourse in the Novel Rabelais and his World Roland Barthes Image , Music , Text Mythologies Jean Baudrillard The Perfect Crime Simulation and Simulacra Walter Benjamin Illuminations The Origin of German Tragic Drama Homi K. Bhabha The Location of Culture Pierre Bourdieu La distinction Kenneth Burke A Rhetoric of Motives A Grammar of Motives John Brannigan New Historicism and Cultural Materialism Cleanth Brooks The Well Wrought Urn : Studies in the Structure of Poetry Sean Burke The Death and Return of the Author Judith Butler Bodies That Matter Gender Trouble : Feminism and the Subversion of Identity Cathy Caruth Unclaimed Experience : Trauma , Narrative and History Samuel Taylor Coleridge Biographia Literaria Jonathan Culler Structuralist Poetics The Pursuit of Signs Literary Theory : A Very Short Introduction Gilles Deleuze Difference and Repetition Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari Capitalism and Schizophrenia : Anti-Oedipus ( pt .1 ) and A Thousand Plateaus ( pt .2 ) Jacques Derrida Of Grammatology Writing and Difference Peter Dews The Limits of Disenchantment The Logic of Disintigration Terry Eagleton Marxism and Literary Criticism The Idea of Culture Antony Easthope The Unconscious William Empson Seven Types of Ambiguity Some Versions of Pastoral The Structure of Complex Words Norman Fairclough Language and Power Critical Discourse Analysis Frantz Fanon Black Skins , White Masks Stanley Fish Is There a Text in this Class ? Northrop Frye Anatomy of Criticism Gerald Graff Literature Against Itself Jürgen Habermas Legitimation Crisis The Theory of Communicative Action , volumes 1 & 2 The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity Wolfgang Iser The Act of Reading : a Theory of Aesthetic Response Leonard Jackson The Poverty of Structuralism Fredric Jameson The Political Unconscious Postmodernism , or , the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism The Prison-House of Language Frank Kermode Romantic Image Julia Kristeva Desire in Language Powers of Horror Jacques Lacan Ecrits The Seminars F.R. Leavis The Great Tradition Ania Loomba Colonialism/Postcolonialism Herbert Marcuse Reason and Revolution . Hegel and the Rise of Social Theory Eros and Civilization Soviet Marxism . A Critical Analysis One-Dimensional Man Toril Moi Sexual/Textual Politics I.A. Richards Practical Criticism : A Study of Literary Judgement Principles of Literary Criticism K.K. Ruthven Critical Assumptions Edward Said Culture and Imperialism Orientalism ( 1978 ) Jean-Paul Sartre What Is Literature ? ( 1947 ) Ferdinand de Saussure Cours de linguistique générale ( posthumously 1916 ) Alfred Schmidt The Concept of Nature in Marx ( 1962 ) Zur Idee der Kritischen Theorie ( German , 1974 ) Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick Between Men Epistemology of the Closet Susan Sontag Against Interpretation Styles of Radical Will Under the Sign of Saturn Where The Stress Falls Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak `` Can the Subaltern Speak ? '' In Other Words Raymond Tallis Not Saussure Scott Wilson Cultural Materialism W.K. Wimsatt The Verbal Icon Virginia Woolf A Room of One 's Own Slavoj Žižek The Sublime Object of Ideology The Ticklish Subject : The Absent Centre of Political Ontology ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74de43047bb31c3844184e53edca41a3", "text": "Platform of European Memory and Conscience The Platform of European Memory and Conscience is an educational project of the European Union bringing together government institutions and NGOs from EU countries active in research , documentation , awareness raising and education about the crimes of totalitarian regimes . Its membership include 55 government agencies and NGOs from 13 EU member states as well as from the United States , such as the Institute of National Remembrance , the Berlin-Hohenschönhausen Memorial , the Stasi Records Agency and the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation . The platform has offices in Prague and Brussels . The platform was founded in Prague on the occasion of the summit of Prime Ministers of the Visegrád Group on 14 October 2011 . The signing ceremony took place in the Lichtenstein Palace under the auspices of Czech Prime Minister Petr Nečas , Polish Prime Minister and President of the European Council Donald Tusk , and Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán . Its goal is described as helping `` prevent intolerance , extremism , anti-democratic movements and the recurrence of any totalitarian rule in the future . '' The initiative was originally proposed by the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes and the Government of the Czech Republic , and the 2008 Prague Declaration on European Conscience and Communism ; on 2 April 2009 , the European Parliament passed a resolution in favour of the initiative , and in June 2009 , the Council of the European Union welcomed the initiative . The Platform of European Memory and Conscience was founded as an initiative of the Polish EU presidency in 2011 , after the project had been promoted by the Czech EU presidency already in 2009 and by the Hungarian EU presidency in 2011 . The secretariat of the Platform of European Memory and Conscience was originally hosted by the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes , and the platform has received a strategic grant from the International Visegrád Fund . The founding institutions included government agencies of the Czech Republic , Poland , Germany , Hungary , Romania , Lithuania , Estonia , and Latvia , as well as several NGOs . The organisation 's strategic partners include the International Visegrád Fund and the Konrad Adenauer Foundation . The motto of the platform is `` democracy matters . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "599f948dffd56bf2e264362ee0468bb7", "text": "Manifesto of Race The Manifesto of Race ( Manifesto della razza ) , sometimes known as the Charter of Race or Racial Manifesto , was a manifesto published on 14 July 1938 which prepared the enactment , in October 1938 , of the Racial Laws in Fascist Italy . The antisemitic laws stripped the Jews of Italian citizenship and governmental and professional positions . The manifesto demonstrated the enormous influence Adolf Hitler had over Benito Mussolini since Italy had become allied with Nazi Germany .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ee1fe32a7a6b00990695882bd51022b", "text": "Cine Foundation International Cine Foundation International is London-based non-profit film company and human rights NGO `` aiming to 'em power open consciousness through cinema ' '' . The foundation was formed in December 2010 by American filmmaker Jesse Richards , founder of the Remodernist film movement , South Korean film critic Blue Un Sok Kim and Tobias Morgan , formerly the developer of `` The Garage '' on Mubi . On 3 January 2011 , CFI announced their launch of a campaign of protest films and public actions calling for the release of imprisoned Iranian filmmaker Jafar Panahi . `` The campaign will include protest films that speak to human rights issues in Iran and throughout the world , six of which are commissioned feature-length , plus twenty shorts . Participating filmmakers may act anonymously or through pseudonyms since voicing their stories can be dangerous . The films , which will address themes of nation , identity , self , spiritual culture , censorship and imprisonment , will be aimed for public , web and various exhibition media '' . In January 2011 , filmmakers Béla Tarr and Lav Diaz joined the foundation 's Board of Directors , and in February Fred Kelemen joined the Board of Directors . Also in January 2011 , CFI deployed a video protest mechanism called WHITE MEADOWS ( named for the Mohammad Rasoulof film of the same title ) and developed by Ericson deJesus ( of Yahoo! and frog design ) at the request of the foundation . The video mechanism `` allow ( s ) anyone in the world to record a short video statement about Panahi and Rasoulof . There will be an ESCAPE button at top , allowing quick exit for those in countries where recording a statement would be dangerous . There will be an option to have the screen black , and soon , voice distortion . The video statements will be recorded as mp4s , giving them maximum transmedia capacity , which essentially makes them broadcastable from any device that can show video '' . Users can also use the mechanism to comment on how they would `` like to see as an international response by the film industry '' , comment on the state of human rights in general , or to `` report a human rights abuse to the world '' . Late in 2011 , CFI launched #OccupyCinema , an ongoing collective project in collaboration with the global Occupy movement . The project encompasses `` public space projections onto buildings or other public surfaces -- broadcasting films , video documents or live feeds , with the intention of decentralising traditional broadcast monopolies and information power structures where these interfere with freedom of speech or otherwise compel human beings to surrender to the agendas of ethically bankrupt regimes . '' On November 1 , #OccupyCinema will launch public displays of films in New York City , Dallas , Kansas , London and Paris , with more to follow over the next week . Tobias Morgan resigned as Chair in Autumn 2011 , having been commissioned to make a Cine Foundation International feature film dedicated to the Iranian film producer Katayoun Shahabi . Jesse Richards resigned in 2012 , and Blue Un Sok Kim took the Chair . Category : International human rights organizations Category : Organisations based in the United Kingdom Category : Arts organisations based in the United Kingdom Category : Film organisations in the United Kingdom", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea96a3901cb601b5b8f2bdd5e1154dfe", "text": "Bourgeois socialism Conservative or Bourgeois Socialism was a term used by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in various pieces ( including in the Communist Manifesto ) . The Marxian view is such that the bourgeois socialist is the sustainer of the current state of bourgeois class relations . Opinions vary as to whether this or that bourgeois socialist intentionally is excusing the current order but the common thread is that they are , in objective fact , preserving it . Rather than abolishing class divisions , they wish to simply raise everyone up to be a member of the bourgeoisie , to allow everyone the ability to endlessly accumulate capital without a working class . In the Communist Manifesto , Marx and Engels use philanthropists , monks ( `` temperance fanatics '' ) , and reformers as examples of this type of socialist that they saw as opposed to their own aims . In this class , Marx explicitly referenced Proudhon 's The Philosophy of Misery , stating :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "adce5f96e15ee4c223d6cdedb0e9ddf6", "text": "Music Manifesto The Music Manifesto is a government-supported campaign to improve young people 's music education in England based on an agreed strategy and set of priorities . It promotes a ` music for all ' agenda and wishes to see more musical opportunities for more young people .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2fe09f57e821690e3fd188296b87efb7", "text": "Bruno Jasieński Bruno Jasieński -LSB- ˈbrunɔ jaˈɕeɲskʲi -RSB- ; born Wiktor Zysman ( 17 July 1901 -- 17 September 1938 ) was a Polish poet and leader of the Polish futurist movement in the interwar period , executed in the Soviet Union during the Great Purge . Today one of the streets of Klimontów is named after him . Jasieński is one of the best known Polish futurists , acclaimed by members of the various modernist art groups as their patron . An annual literary festival `` Brunonalia '' held in Klimontów , Poland , is also named after him .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ec69f76f862c9b38e890e8e962e56ca", "text": "Modern liberalism in the United States Modern American liberalism is the dominant version of liberalism in the United States . It is characterized by social liberalism , and combines ideas of civil liberty and equality with support for social justice and a mixed economy . The term `` modern liberalism '' in this article refers only to the United States . In a global context , this philosophy is usually referred to as social liberalism . The American modern liberal philosophy strongly endorses public spending on programs such as education , health care , and welfare . Important social issues today include addressing inequality , voting rights for minorities , affirmative action , reproductive and other women 's rights , support for LGBT rights , and immigration reform . Modern liberalism took shape during the twentieth century , with roots in Theodore Roosevelt 's New Nationalism , Woodrow Wilson 's New Freedom , Franklin D. Roosevelt 's New Deal , Harry S. Truman 's Fair Deal , John F. Kennedy 's New Frontier , and Lyndon B. Johnson 's Great Society . American liberals oppose conservatives on most issues , but not all . Modern liberalism is historically related to social liberalism and progressivism , though the current relationship between liberal and progressive viewpoints is debated . John F. Kennedy defined a liberal as follows : Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1941 defined a liberal party as one , Keynesian economic theory has played an important role in the economic philosophy of modern American liberals . Modern American liberals generally believe that national prosperity requires government management of the macroeconomy , in order to keep unemployment low , inflation in check , and growth high . They also value institutions that defend against economic inequality . In The Conscience of a Liberal Paul Krugman writes : `` I believe in a relatively equal society , supported by institutions that limit extremes of wealth and poverty . I believe in democracy , civil liberties , and the rule of law . That makes me a liberal , and I 'm proud of it . '' Liberals often point to the widespread prosperity enjoyed under a mixed economy in the years since World War II . They believe liberty exists when access to necessities like health care and economic opportunity are available to all , and they champion the protection of the environment . Modern American liberalism is typically associated with the Democratic Party , as modern American conservatism is typically associated with the Republican Party .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "392b455143fbcf4e20e9bbcd37442ef3", "text": "Ronda Rousey Ronda Jean Rousey ( -LSB- ˈraʊzi -RSB- born February 1 , 1987 ) is an American mixed martial artist , judoka , and actress . Rousey was the first American woman to earn an Olympic medal in judo ( bronze ) , which she won at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing . She is the former UFC Women 's Bantamweight Champion , as well as the last Strikeforce Women 's Bantamweight Champion . She won 12 consecutive MMA fights , six in the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) , before suffering her first loss to Holly Holm in November 2015 ; she won 11 of those fights in the first round , nine of them by armbar submission . Rousey trains under Gokor Chivichyan of the Hayastan MMA Academy , and Edmond Tarverdyan of the Glendale Fighting Club . In May 2015 , two magazines ranked Rousey as the most `` dominant '' active athlete . In September 2015 , voters in an online ESPN poll selected Rousey as the Best Female Athlete Ever . Later that month , she claimed to be the UFC 's highest paid fighter , male or female . In 2015 , she was the third most searched person on Google . As of January 2017 , Rousey is ranked the # 4 female bantamweight fighter in the world according to the UFC , and # 9 by Sherdog . Rousey 's first feature film role was the 2014 film The Expendables 3 . In 2015 , she had roles in the films Furious 7 and Entourage .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ffdf53ec90444e1ffe1ba8a7972f0df3", "text": "Judo at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Girls' 63 kg The Girls ' 63 kg tournament in Judo at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics was held on August 22 at the International Convention Centre . This event was the second heaviest of the girl 's judo weight classes , limiting competitors to a maximum of 63 kilograms of body mass . The tournament bracket consisted of a single-elimination contest culminating in a gold medal match . There was also a repechage to determine the winners of the two bronze medals . Each judoka who had lost before the finals competed in the repechage with the two finalists getting bronze medals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37c4d2be2c5a14120c006bf5f66b1365", "text": "Rudy Hachache Rudy Hachache ( رودي حشاش born September 27 , 1979 ) is a Lebanese judoka who competed in the super heavyweight division ( +100 kg ) and open class . Hachache qualified for the men 's +100 kg at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , after winning the bronze medal at the Asian Judo Championships in Jeju City , South Korea . He was eliminated in the first preliminary round , after being defeated by Cuba 's Óscar Brayson , who eventually won the bronze medal . However , Hachache was given a second chance of a bronze medal triumph by participating in the repechage bouts . He first defeated Peru 's Carlos Zegarra in the first round , but lost to Brazil 's João Schlittler , who scored an ippon to end the four-minute period , in the second round . Rudy is now more into rugby union and rugby league .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "704b3f8678d11c8851ff084900a2e6a3", "text": "Varvara Akritidou Varvara Akritidou ( Βαρβάρα Ακριτίδου born July 15 , 1981 in Thessaloniki ) is a Greek judoka , who competed in the women 's half-heavyweight category . She held two Greek senior titles in her own division , picked up a total of six medals in her career , and represented her home nation Greece at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens . Akritidou qualified for the Greek squad in the women 's half-heavyweight class ( 78 kg ) at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens , by filling up an entry by the International Judo Federation and the Hellenic Olympic Committee , as Greece received an automatic berth for being the host nation . She lost her opening match to an experienced Ukrainian judoka Anastasiia Matrosova , who successfully scored an ippon and dropped her to the tatami with a sukui nage ( double leg takedown ) assault at two minutes . In the repechage , Akritidou raised her hopes of claiming an Olympic bronze medal for the host nation , but slipped them away in a defeat to South Korea 's Lee So-yeon by an ippon and a kami shiho gatame one minute and sixteen seconds into their first playoff of the draft .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "091efbfeafde93c218b7bdd8bd2cbdb9", "text": "Gévrise Émane Gévrise Émane ( born 27 July 1982 ) is a French judoka . She is the current European champion in the women 's 63 kg weight class . Emane first gained attention at the 2005 World Judo Championships in Cairo , Egypt where she won the silver medal in the women 's 70 kg class . Next year , Emane won her first European title at the 2006 European Judo Championships in Tampere after an ippon in the final , against the German Heide Wollert . Emane became the world champion for the first time at the 2007 World Judo Championships in Rio de Janeiro by defeating Ronda Rousey of United States by points in the final match . After moving down in weight to the 63 kg class in 2009 , Emane claimed her second World Championship title at the 2011 World Judo Championships in Paris , where she beat two-time world champion Yoshie Ueno of Japan by unanimous decision in the final . At the 2012 Summer Olympics , she won the bronze medal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8d4abc77500856e7c68d68708d5e78d", "text": "Amin El Hady Amin Mohamed El-Hady ( also Amin El-Hady , أمين محمد الهادي born April 13 , 1983 in Al Sharqiyah ) is an Egyptian judoka , who played for the half-lightweight category . He is a two-time Olympian and a five-time medalist ( three gold and two silver ) at the African Judo Championships . He also captured a silver medal for his division at the 2007 All-Africa Games in Algiers , Algeria , losing out to the host nation 's Mounir Benamadi . El-Hady made his official debut for the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens , where he lost the first preliminary round match of men 's half-lightweight class ( 66 kg ) , by an ippon and a sumi gaeshi , to Algeria 's Amar Meridja . At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , El-Hady competed for the second time in the men 's half-lightweight class ( 66 kg ) . He first defeated Armenia 's Armen Nazaryan in the first preliminary round , before losing out his next match by a single koka and an ōuchi gari to Cuba 's Yordanis Arencibia . Because his opponent advanced further into the semi-finals , El-Hady offered another shot for the bronze medal by defeating Andorra 's Daniel García González and United States ' Taylor Takata in the repechage rounds . He finished only in seventh place , after losing out the final repechage bout to Uzbekistan 's Mirali Sharipov , who successfully scored a waza-ari ( half-point ) and a tomoe nage ( circle throw ) , at the end of the five-minute period .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "225e09b207fbc2b090801df7589efc70", "text": "Ghana at the 2008 Summer Olympics Ghana competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics held in Beijing , People 's Republic of China from August 8 to August 24 , 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "604b01b5bd59d626c54115154db2a2c3", "text": "Roman Hontyuk Roman Volodymyrovych Hontyuk , also spelled Roman Gontyuk , ( born 2 February 1984 ) is a male judoka from Ukraine . He won a silver medal in the half-middleweight ( 81 kg ) division at the 2004 Summer Olympics and bronze medal in the half-middleweight ( 81 kg ) division at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing . Hontyuk is the Merited Master of Sports of Ukraine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e2a37393656ba968a011074679900cc", "text": "Saint Kitts and Nevis at the 2008 Summer Olympics The Saint Kitts and Nevis National Olympic Committee sent four athletes to the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , China . All four participated in the track and field competitions across four different events . Three women ( Tiandra Ponteen , Virgil Hodge , and Meritzer Williams ) and one man ( Kim Collins ) comprised the Kittitian delegation . Williams and Ponteen did not advance past Qualifications in their events ; Hodge reached quarterfinals in both the 100m and 200m sprints ; and Collins , who participated in two events , reached the Semifinal round in the 100m sprint , and ranked sixth in the finals in the 200m sprint . Saint Kitts and Nevis did not win any medals during the Beijing Olympics . The flag bearer for the team at the opening ceremony was first-time Olympian Virgil Hodge .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eca60cd0ceddabdd6a3e702aaea1f3ea", "text": "Algeria at the 2012 Summer Olympics Algeria competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London , United Kingdom , from 27 July to 12 August 2012 . This was the nation 's twelfth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics , except for the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal because of the African boycott . The Algerian Olympic Committee sent a total of 39 athletes to the Games , 21 men and 18 women , to compete in 12 sports . Women 's volleyball was the only team event in which Algeria had its representation in these Olympic Games . There was only a single competitor in road cycling , rowing , sailing , shooting , swimming , and weightlifting . Boxing was the largest team by an individual-based sport , with a total of eight competitors . The Algerian team included judoka Soraya Haddad , who previously won the bronze medal in Beijing , and sabre fencer Lea Moutoussamy , who set the nation 's record as the youngest athlete , at age 14 , in its Olympic history . Light heavyweight boxer and 2011 World Series champion Abdelhafid Benchabla was the nation 's flag bearer at the opening ceremony . Algeria left London with its first Olympic gold medal since 2000 from middle-distance runner Taoufik Makhloufi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f2ac5d793048b7c14265d4cfd2038dc", "text": "Netherlands at the 2008 Summer Olympics The Netherlands competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , People 's Republic of China . This was announced in an official statement on the NOC * NSF website . In the statement they named the Olympic Games and the Paralympic Games as a highlight in sports to which a lot of sportspeople , coaches and the Dutch sports fans would look forward . The Netherlands aimed for a top 10 nations ranking in the Olympics as well as a top 25 ranking in the Paralympics ; they ended up ranking 12th at the Games . Further in the statement they announced that they were aware of the political discussions about human rights and other issues in the People 's Republic of China and that they encouraged these discussions , but that they would only participate in sports related discussions . They say individual sportspeople , coaches and managers might have their own opinions about the issues but these would always be conveyed as personal opinions deriving from their own social views . They believe sports activities do have the opportunity to positively influence the situation in the People 's Republic of China when it comes to implementing the sports rules correctly as well as in situations improving the levels of respect , solidarity and fair play in sports . There were 243 athletes representing the Netherlands . 15 in athletics , 24 in baseball , 2 in canoeing , 27 in cycling , 8 in equestrian , 2 in fencing , 32 in field hockey , 18 in football , 2 in gymnastics , 10 in judo , 30 in rowing , 12 in sailing , 15 in softball , 21 in swimming , 3 in table tennis , 1 in taekwondo , 2 in triathlon , 6 in volleyball and 13 in water polo . 61 different athletes won a medal , which is 25.10 % of all athletes . With a gold and a silver medal Anky van Grunsven was the only multiple medalist . The athletes that qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics are listed below .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a34bea273803db679c028f2d66995407", "text": "Judo at the 2008 Summer Paralympics – Women's 52 kg The women 's 52 kg judo competition at the 2008 Summer Paralympics was held on September 7 at the Beijing Workers ' Gymnasium . Preliminary rounds started at 12:00 pm CST . Repechage finals , semifinals , bouts for bronze medals , and the final were held at 5:00 pm CST . This event was the second-lightest of the women 's judo weight classes , limiting competitors to a maximum of 52 kilograms of body mass . Like all other judo events , bouts lasted five minutes . If the bout was still tied at the end , it was extended for another five-minute , sudden-death period ; if neither judoka scored during that period , the match is decided by the judges . The tournament bracket consisted of a single-elimination contest culminating in a gold medal match . There was also a repechage to determine the winners of the two bronze medals . Each judoka who had lost to a semifinalist competed in the repechage . The two judokas who lost in the semifinals faced the winner of the opposite half of the bracket 's repechage in bronze medal bouts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b52316c01a70f56d571009858d47992", "text": "Judo at the 2004 Summer Paralympics – Women's 57 kg The Women 's up to 57 kg judo competition at the 2004 Summer Paralympics was held on 19 September at the Ano Liossia Olympic Hall . The tournament bracket consisted of a single-elimination contest culminating in a gold medal match . There was also a repechage to determine the winners of the two bronze medals . As there were only 6 contestants in total the repechage consisted of just the two bronze medal bouts . The event was won by Ramona Brussig , representing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b973378c802bb3c1b7bfcbf1bcbd0ca2", "text": "Judo at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's +78 kg The women 's +78 kg category in judo at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place at the ExCeL Exhibition Centre between 28 July and 3 August . The gold and silver medals were determined by a single-elimination tournament , with the winner of the final taking gold and the loser receiving silver . Judo events awarded two bronze medals . Quarter-final losers competed in a repechage match for the right to face a semi-final loser for a bronze medal ( that is , the judokas defeated in quarter-finals ` A ' and ` B ' competed against each other , with the winner of that match facing the semi-final loser from the other half of the bracket ) . Idalys Ortiz from Cuba won the gold medal , defeating Mika Sugimoto from Japan in the final . Bronze medals were awarded to both Karina Bryant from Great Britain and Tong Wen from China .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d51d6802b746d798ba5d962f5ed507d", "text": "Martin Kelly (judoka) Martin James Kelly ( born February 20 , 1973 in Warburton , Victoria ) is an Australian judoka , who competed in the men 's half-heavyweight category . He held six Australian titles in his own division , picked up a total of nineteen medals in his career , including a bronze from the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester , England , and represented his nation Australia at the 2004 Summer Olympics . Throughout his sporting career , Kelly trained full-time for the senior team at Kido-Mingarra Judo Academy in Tuggerah , New South Wales , under head coach and sensei Pete Acciari . Kelly reached the pinnacle of his sporting career in an international level at the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester , England , where he shared bronze medals with Mauritian judoka and 1996 Olympian Antonio Félicité in the men 's 100-kg division . At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens , Kelly qualified for the Australian squad in the men 's half-heavyweight class ( 100 kg ) , by topping the field of judoka and receiving a berth from the Oceania Championships in Noumea , New Caledonia . Kelly opened his match with a brilliant ippon victory and an uki waza ( floating drop ) over Barbados ' Barry Kirk Jackman , before he was easily beaten by his next opponent and reigning Olympic champion Kosei Inoue of Japan , who threw him down the tatami with uchi mata ( inner thigh throw ) at one minute and twenty-four seconds .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "98590ed359d84148c22623493d05ec45", "text": "Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium (Beijing) The Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium is an indoor arena next to the Olympic Sports Centre Stadium at the southern part of the Olympic Green in Beijing , China . It was reformed for the 2008 Summer Olympics where it hosted the handball tournaments up to and including the quarter-finals , after which they will move to the larger Beijing National Indoor Stadium . It also hosted the Wushu Tournament Beijing 2008 , a separate wushu competition hosted by the Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games and the International Wushu Federation , which runs parallel to the Olympic Games . It has a seating capacity of 7,000 expanded from the original 6,000 and a floor space of 47,410 square metres from the current 43,000 . Three handball training courts were put to use in 2008 . The renovation was complete in August 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa6ecc880bc6b515e5033152f5629b75", "text": "Renata Ribeiro Renata Ribeiro ( born December 7 , 1981 ) is a Brazilian female beach volleyball player . Ribeiro and team mate Talita Antunes represented Brazil at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , China . She is married to former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion Maurício Rua .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64ca81af897246dec34dd8551248ba89", "text": "Taekwondo at the 2008 Summer Olympics Taekwondo competitions at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing were held from August 20 to August 23 at the Beijing Science and Technology University Gymnasium . 128 Taekwondo practitioners , 64 men and 64 women , competed in 8 events . For the first time ever two bronze medals were awarded per event .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ee14864dc39c18913d6b87cec6a1ac5", "text": "Rowing at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's single sculls Women 's single sculls competition at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing was held between August 9 and 16 , at the Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park . This rowing event is a single scull event , meaning that each boat is propelled by a single rower . The `` scull '' portion means that the rower uses two oars , one on each side of the boat ; this contrasts with sweep rowing in which each rower has one oar and rows on only one side ( not feasible for singles events ! ) . The competition consists of multiple rounds . Finals were held to determine the placing of each boat ; these finals were given letters with those nearer to the beginning of the alphabet meaning a better ranking . Semifinals were named based on which finals they fed , with each semifinal having two possible finals . During the first round six heats were held . The top three boats in each heat advance to the quarterfinals , together with the 6 fastest of the remaining scullers , while all others are relegated to the E/F semifinals . The quarterfinals were the second round for rowers still competing for medals . Placing in the quarterfinal heats determined which semifinal the boat would race in . The top three boats in each quarterfinal moved on to the A/B semifinals , with the bottom three boats going to the C/D semifinals . Six semifinals were held , two each of A/B semifinals , C/D semifinals , and E/F semifinals . For each semifinal race , the top three boats moved on to the better of the two finals , while the bottom three boats went to the lesser of the two finals possible . For example , a second-place finish in an A/B semifinal would result in advancement to the A final . The fourth and final round was the Finals . Each final determined a set of rankings . The A final determined the medals , along with the rest of the places through 6th . The B final gave rankings from 7th to 12th , the C from 13th to 18th , and so on . Thus , to win a medal rowers had to finish in the top four of their heat , top three of their quarterfinal , and top three of their A/B semifinal to reach the A final .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd3bca02ab0c83f1481ecc4fb34b6999", "text": "Turkmenistan at the 2008 Summer Olympics Turkmenistan competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics held in Beijing , People 's Republic of China from August 8 to August 24 , 2008 . The country 's flagbearer at the Games ' opening ceremony was judoka Guwanç Nurmuhammedow .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a024829504be4c2aafb288b5d42d25d", "text": "Anis Chedly Anis Chedly ( انيس الشاذلي born February 19 , 1981 ) is a Tunisian judoka who competed in the super heavyweight division ( +100 kg ) and open class . He is also a six-time African , and two-time World Cup champion in the same category , and won the gold medal at the 2007 All-Africa Games in Algiers , Algeria . At the 2008 Summer Olympics , Chedly was eliminated in the first preliminary round of the men 's +100 kg , after being defeated by France 's Teddy Riner , who eventually won the bronze medal . He was also the nation 's flag bearer at the opening ceremony .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "550f587ab604d1c62726abe56f32a66a", "text": "Ted Kaczynski Theodore John Kaczynski ( -LSB- kəˈzɪnski -RSB- born May 22 , 1942 ) , also known as the `` Unabomber '' , is an American serial killer , domestic terrorist , and self-professed anarchist . A mathematical prodigy , he abandoned a promising academic career in 1969 , then between 1978 and 1995 killed three people , and injured 23 others , in a nationwide bombing campaign targeting people involved with modern technology . In conjunction with this campaign he issued a wide-ranging social critique opposing industrialization and modern technology , and advancing a nature-centered form of anarchism . Kaczynski was born and raised in Evergreen Park , Illinois . While growing up in Evergreen Park he was a child prodigy , excelling academically from an early age . Kaczynski was accepted into Harvard University at the age of 16 , where he earned an undergraduate degree . He subsequently earned a PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan . He became an assistant professor at the University of California , Berkeley in 1967 at age 25 . He resigned two years later . As a Harvard undergraduate , Kaczynski was among twenty-two students who were research subjects in ethically questionable experiments conducted by psychology professor Henry Murray from late 1959 to early 1962 . In 1971 , he moved to a remote cabin without electricity or running water in Lincoln , Montana , where he lived as a recluse while learning survival skills in an attempt to become self-sufficient . Seventeen years after beginning his mail bomb campaign , Kaczynski sent a letter to The New York Times on April 24 , 1995 and promised `` to desist from terrorism '' if the Times or The Washington Post published his manifesto , Industrial Society and Its Future ( the `` Unabomber Manifesto '' ) , in which he argued that his bombings were extreme but necessary to attract attention to the erosion of human freedom necessitated by modern technologies requiring large-scale organization . The Unabomber was the target of one of the Federal Bureau of Investigation 's costliest investigations . Before Kaczynski 's identity was known , the FBI used the title `` UNABOM '' ( UNiversity & Airline BOMber ) to refer to his case , which resulted in the media calling him the Unabomber . The FBI ( as well as Attorney General Janet Reno ) pushed for the publication of Kaczynski 's `` Manifesto '' , which led to his sister-in-law , and then his brother , recognizing Kaczynski 's style of writing and beliefs from the manifesto , and tipping off the FBI . Kaczynski tried unsuccessfully to dismiss his court-appointed lawyers because they wanted to plead insanity in order to avoid the death penalty , as Kaczynski did not believe he was insane . When it became clear that his pending trial would entail national television exposure for Kaczynski , the court entered a plea agreement , under which he pleaded guilty and was sentenced to life in prison with no possibility of parole . He has been designated a `` domestic terrorist '' by the FBI . Some anarcho-primitivist authors , such as John Zerzan and John Moore , have come to his defense , while also holding some reservations about his actions and ideas .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "1b75e1f2b362a6e218ddecea070f9df4", "text": "Ted Alexandro Edward `` Ted '' Alexandro ( born January 26 , 1969 ) is a stand-up comedian from New York City . He has appeared on most late night talk shows and has had his own half-hour specials on Comedy Central .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f0ff2bf3d911fc82831f608220343cb", "text": "Poet Laureate of New Jersey The Poet Laureate of New Jersey ( statutorily known as New Jersey William Carlos Williams Citation of Merit ) was an honor presented biennially by the Governor of New Jersey to a distinguished New Jersey poet . Created in 1999 , this position existed for less than four years and was abolished by the legislature effective July 2 , 2003 . When the New Jersey State Legislature created the laureate position , the bill provided specifically for the creation of an award named in honor of twentieth-century poet and physician William Carlos Williams ( 1883 -- 1963 ) who resided in Rutherford , New Jersey . However , the legislature recognized that the award 's recipient would `` be considered the poet laureate of the State of New Jersey for a period of two years . Before the position was abolished , only two poets , Gerald Stern and Amiri Baraka , had been appointed as the state 's poet laureate . The legislature 's bill was signed into law by Governor Christine Todd Whitman . It was expected that the award 's recipient -- the poet laureate -- would `` engage in activities to promote and encourage poetry within the State and shall give no fewer than two public readings within the State each year . '' In this respect , New Jersey 's poet laureate was similar to the position of Poet laureate in other American states and in several other countries . However , a public reading in September 2002 by the state 's second laureate , Newark-based poet Amiri Baraka of his poem `` Somebody Blew Up America '' was met with harsh criticism by the public and news media . The poem which explores terrorist attacks on September 11 , 2001 was considered to be violent , incendiary and anti-Semitic , and the ensuing controversy ignited a political firestorm . Because of Baraka 's defiant refusals to apologize or resign as poet laureate and that there was no mechanism within the law to remove him , the position was abolished by the legislature and Governor James E. McGreevey in 2003 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0202e2c1669bba57c4f0776118793b63", "text": "Ted Solotaroff Theodore `` Ted '' Solotaroff ( October 9 , 1928 -- August 8 , 2008 ) was an American writer , editor and literary critic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39ec8c14584488573809a31da108b6a2", "text": "The Night Letter The Night Letter is a 1978 book by Paul Spike , with a double-layered structure : an anti-Nazi spy thriller on the background of the early part of the Second World War , and an exposure of cynical and machiavellian maneuverings in the American corridors of power . The book belongs to the subgenre of secret history -- i.e. with a plot in which real historical figures play a substantial part , doing things which are the author 's invention but which supposedly ( for reasons given in the plot ) remained secret and did not come to the knowledge of the public . In the book , a British doctor meets in 1936 with President Franklin D. Roosevelt , who is unaware that the doctor is a Nazi sympathizer . The visitor manages to secretly photograph the President in a compromising position with his secretary , Missy LeHand ( whom historians widely assume to have been indeed Roosevelt 's mistress ) . By 1940 , senior Nazi leader Reinhard Heydrich possesses the picture and intends to use the photo for blackmail and prevent Roosevelt from running for a third term -- in the hope that whoever gets elected instead would be more likely to keep the US out of the Second World War . The President must recover the photo before the Democratic Party Convention which is about to nominate him . What makes the situation more difficult is that Roosevelt also needs to bypass the FBI -- for apprehension that should the photo fall into the hands of J. Edgar Hoover , the FBI Director might use it for his own brand of blackmail . Instead , Roosevelt employs former FBI Agent Jackson , who had left the Bureau under a cloud and incurred Hoover 's personal enmity , and who is completely loyal to the President . The bulk of the book follows Jackson 's chase after the photo , starting from Paris at the very eve of its fall to the Wehrmacht and concluding with a cataclysmic confrontation at a secret Michigan base of the `` Silver Shirts '' -- a murderous , power-mad American Fascist militia ( which truly existed , though not necessarily doing all that the book describes it as doing ) . The chase ends with a mixed result -- the Nazi agents have been killed or captured , but the negative did fall into the hands of the FBI who caught the scent of what was going on . The book ends on a cynical note : Hoover meets the President at the White House , claims to have destroyed the negatives ( which is manifestly untrue ) and proceeds to imperiously demand the sacking of Jackson -- obviously he is under the impression that he now holds Roosevelt 's fate in his hand . Upon being shown this , the President presents a photo of his own , showing Hoover in a compromising position with a handsome young FBI agent . Roosevelt and Hoover would henceforth be tied to each other , `` like convicts in chain gang '' , each able to destroy the other but only at the cost of his own destruction . Category :1978 books Category : Corruption Category : Secret histories Category : Thriller novels", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb956f67a42d6bbcf46a2ad7f6155a51", "text": "Lists of The New York Times Fiction Best Sellers This is a list of lists by year of The New York Times Fiction Best Sellers . The New York Times Best Seller list was first published without fanfare on 12 October 1931 . It consisted of five fiction and four non-fiction for the New York City region only . The following month the list was expanded to eight cities , with a separate list for each city . By the early 1940s , fourteen cities were included . A national list was created 9 April 1942 , in The New York Times Book Review ( Sundays ) as a supplement to the regular paper 's city lists ( Monday edition ) . The national list ranked by weighting how many times the book appeared in each city list . A few years later , the city lists were eliminated leaving only the national rankings , which was compiled according to `` reports from leading booksellers in 22 cities , '' a system which remains , although the specifics have changed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7dbff0f0b54e1fe5f7b84a19419e0f61", "text": "Raczynski Raczyński or Raczynski may refer to : Aleksander Raczyński ( 1822-1889 ) , Polish portrait painter Bogdan Raczynski , Canada-based braindance artist Edward Aleksander Raczyński ( 1847 -- 1926 ) , Polish nobleman , patron of arts Edward Bernard Raczyński ( 1891 -- 1993 ) , Polish aristocrat , diplomat , writer , politician and President of Poland in exile ( 1979 -- 1986 ) Edward Raczyński ( 1786 -- 1845 ) ( 1786 -- 1845 ) , Polish conservative politician , protector of arts , founder of the Raczyński Library in Poznań Nicole Raczynski ( born 1980 ) , American professional wrestler Raczyński Library in Poznań , founded by Edward Raczyński ( 1786 -- 1845 ) , in Poznań", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3535fe1e54966de9fe35665d8ee31016", "text": "The Refusal `` The Refusal '' ( German : `` Die Abweisung '' ) is a short story by Franz Kafka . Written in the autumn of 1920 , it was not published in Kafka 's lifetime . The story involves the narration of a young boy living in a small town that is fairly distanced from its capital . The boy reflects on how the town 's inhabitants humbly submit to orders issued by the capital and are led by the tax-collector , a man with the rank of colonel . The boy goes into great detail describing the soldiers that uphold the tax-collector 's law , and how they appear inhuman to the public and seem unable to speak their language . In times of crisis , the town always appeals to the colonel for government aid , and if it is anything serious , it is always refused . The final paragraph describes the narrator 's observation that it is due to this situation that ' ... young people roughly between seventeen and twenty . ' begin to feel discontent and find revolutionary ideas because they are incapable of foreseeing the consequences .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9262f045ad6427ec61cda01bb7e474ff", "text": "2011 Pulitzer Prize The 2011 Pulitzer Prizes were announced on Monday , April 18 , 2011 . The Los Angeles Times won two prizes , including the highest honor for Public Service . The New York Times also won two awards . No prize was handed out in the Breaking News category . The Wall Street Journal won an award for the first time since 2007 . Jennifer Egan 's A Visit From the Goon Squad picked up the Fiction prize after already winning the 2010 National Book Critics Circle Award . Photographer Carol Guzy of The Washington Post became the first journalist to win four Pulitzer Prizes . In December 2010 , three rules changes were revealed for the 2011 Awards . The first allows print and online outlets that publish at least weekly to use a number of media to report the news `` including text reporting , videos , databases , multimedia or interactive presentations or any combination of those formats '' . The second rule change allows up to five people to be named in an award citation ; the previous limit was three . The final rule change allows for digital submission of images to the judges in the two photography categories . Below , the winner ( s ) in each category are listed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39a7adeee2634455caa21c8e44e39854", "text": "House of Tyszkiewicz The Tyszkiewicz family ( Tyszkiewiczowie , singular : Tyszkiewicz , Тышкевічы , singular : Тышкевіч , Tiškevičiai , singular : Tiškevičius , Тишкевичі , singular : Тишкевич , Тышкевичи , singular : Тышкевич ) was a wealthy and influential Polish-Lithuanian magnate family of Ruthenian origin , with roots traced to the times of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania . They held the Polish coat of arms Leliwa . Their nobility was reaffirmed in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Russian Empire . The family traces its roots to a 15th-century Ruthenian boyar Kalenyk Mishkovych and derives from the name of his son , Tysha with the addition of the patronymic , resulting in Tyszkiewicz-Kalenicki . A branch of the family germanised the name to Tischkowitz and a few members of this branch are still to be found in Germany and the UK . Places named Tyszkiewicz Palace , `` former Tyszkiewicz Palace '' , Tiškevičiai Palace , and other historical properties of the family are located in Warsaw , Kraków and Vilnius , as well as in numerous towns of modern Poland , Belarus , Lithuania and Ukraine ( in Palanga , Kretinga , Lahojsk , Raudondvaris , Berdychiv , Biržai , Kavarskas , Deltuva , Trakai , Lentvaris , Seredžius , etc. . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3d534eececde747821153575c55cfaa", "text": "Warren Kozak Warren Kozak ( born 1951 ) is an American journalist and author . His writing appears frequently on the OpEd pages of the Wall Street Journal , the New York Sun and other newspapers and magazines . He was an on-air reporter at National Public Radio and wrote for television network anchors including Ted Koppel , Charles Gibson , Diane Sawyer and Aaron Brown .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d30dab2352314febe2bd1f1fb7aef85b", "text": "Ken Kurson Kenneth `` Ken '' Kurson ( born October 23 , 1968 ) is an American political consultant , journalist , and author who currently serves as Chief Editor of The New York Observer . He previously served as executive vice president of Jamestown Associates , a political consulting firm based in Princeton , New Jersey and Washington , DC . PolitickerNJ ranked him as the 71st most influential individual in New Jersey politics on their 2009 Power List .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "520346ee20d9c95f7254aecf08763fe6", "text": "Syracuse New Times Syracuse New Times is a weekly alternative newspaper published in Syracuse , New York , by William Brod and distributed throughout the Central New York region . It is owned by All Times Publishing LLC . The publication is released every Wednesday , printing 46,000 copies and distributed to approximately 1150 locations in Central New York .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d825464d0f138f4dce7b32bb1c1a9963", "text": "Unabomber: The True Story Unabomber : The True Story is a 1996 American television film starring Tobin Bell as Ted Kaczynski , who is also known as the Unabomber .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4ea0b155ad456aa931d5fd92fbc5f127", "text": "Free Society of Teutonia The Free Society of Teutonia was one of the earliest National Socialist organizations to appear in America . It was a German American organization that was associated with a strong support for Nazism . The Society was formed in 1924 by four German immigrants , including Nazi Party members Fritz and Peter Gissibl and their brother Andrew . The organization was originally led by German immigrant and non-citizen Fritz Gissibl , who made his headquarters in Chicago and from there it set about recruiting ethnic Germans who supported German nationalist aims . The Teutonia Society initially functioned as a club , but soon raised a group of militants based on the SA and , with membership increasing , became vocal critics of Jews , communism and the Treaty of Versailles . Alongside this however it retained a social function , with Teutonia Society meetings frequently ending up in heavy beer drinking sessions . The group changed its name to the Nationalistic Society of Teutonia in 1926 , at which point Peter Gissibil was advising members to also seek Nazi Party membership . The group gained a strong , if fairly small following , and was able to establish units in Milwaukee , St. Louis , Missouri , Detroit , New York City , Cincinnati and Newark , New Jersey The group 's treasurer was Fritz Gissibil , who was also the main Nazi Party representative in the United States and who regularly collected money for the Nazis through the Society . A `` thank you '' letter from Adolf Hitler to the Society would cause a stir during the Second World War when the Gissibil brothers were brought to trial following an FBI investigation . The group accepted Hitler as its titular leader and members adopted the Nazi salute , the Society changed its name again in October 1932 to become the Friends of the Hitler Movement . Under orders of German immigrant and German Nazi Party member Heinz Spanknöbel , the Society was dissolved in March 1933 . In May 1933 , Nazi Deputy Führer Rudolf Hess gave Heinz Spanknöbel authority to form an American Nazi organization . Shortly thereafter , with help from the German consul in New York City , Spanknöbel created the Friends of New Germany by merging two older organizations in the United States , Gau-USA and the Free Society of Teutonia , which were both small groups with only a few hundred members each . The Friends of New Germany in turn formed the basis of the German American Bund in 1936 , the latter name being chosen to emphasise the group 's American credentials after press criticism that the Society was unpatriotic . One of the leaders of the Teutonia Society was Walter Kappe . Kappe ( b. 1904 ) arrived in the United States in 1925 and worked in a farm implement factory in Kankakee , Illinois . Later he moved to Chicago and began to write for German language newspapers . Kappe was fluent in English and later became the press secretary for the German American Bund . He founded their paper Deutscher Weckruf und Beobachter and its predecessor Deutsche Zeitung . In 1936 , when the German American Bund was established , Kappe organized the AV Publishing Company and five other Bund corporations . Fritz Kuhn ousted Kappe from his position in the Bund seeing him as a dangerous rival . In 1937 , Kappe returned to Germany , where he was attached to Abwehr II ( the sabotage branch of German intelligence ) where he obtained a Naval commission with the rank of lieutenant . He was designated by Adolf Hitler to launch a sabotage operation against America shortly after the attack on Pearl Harbor . Known as Operation Pastorius , Kappe recruited men for the mission by reviewing records from the Ausland Institute ( German Foreign Institute ) of those who were paid to return to Germany from America . He established a sabotage school on the outskirts of Berlin to train the new recruits . Once the sabotage network was established and transferred to America , Kappe planned to slip into the US with a new identity and direct operations . On June 13 , 1942 , Richard Quirin , George John Dasch , Heinrich Harm Heinck and Ernst Peter Burger landed on a beach near Amagansett , Long Island , New York on a U-boat . A similar group landed on Ponte Vedra Beach , near Jacksonville , Florida on June 17 , 1942 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8f7ed612c2ba6780e09ff98e553ed1e", "text": "Polish presidential election, 2015 Presidential elections were held in Poland on 10 and 24 May 2015 . In the first round of voting , opposition Law and Justice ( PiS ) candidate Andrzej Duda received the greatest number of votes with a share of 34.76 % , followed by incumbent president Bronisław Komorowski ( with 33.77 % ) , who ran as an independent with the endorsement of the Civic Platform ( PO ) , which he had renounced his membership in after winning the 2010 elections . Independent candidate Paweł Kukiz came third with 20.80 % of the votes . As no candidate had received more than 50 % of the votes cast , a second round was held on 24 May between the two highest-placed candidates , Duda and Komorowski . This round was won by Duda with 51.5 % of the votes , to Komorowski 's 48.5 % . This was the closest presidential election in Polish history . The victory of Duda 's Law and Justice party was one of the latest in a series of electoral victories for eurosceptic centre-right and right-wing parties in Europe . His party received strong support in the eastern half of the country closest to Ukraine and had campaigned on a platform of tax cuts , continued privatization , continued social welfare spending , anti-corruption , constitutional reform , increased military spending and closer ties to NATO , limited support of EU integration , and restrictions on abortion , euthanasia , legal recognition of same-sex couples and media portrayals of sex and violence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aea32eeb51d6b981b59301a748cf73dd", "text": "Black Balloon Publishing Black Balloon Publishing is an independent book publisher headquartered in New York City . The company was founded in 2010 by Elizabeth Koch , co-founder of Literary Death Match , and Leigh Newman , deputy editor of Oprah.com . Black Balloon publishes literary fiction , nonfiction and memoir , and its titles have been featured in The New Yorker , New York , TIME , Bon Appetit , Esquire and NPR . Published authors include Paul Kwiatkowski , Robert Perišić , Bill Peters and Louise Krug . Black Balloon also publishes The Airship , a blog about art , culture and literature .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d6a6e3998e72a3dabc2f53be795e415", "text": "Theodore S. Weiss Theodore S. `` Ted '' Weiss ( September 17 , 1927 -- September 14 , 1992 ) was a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from New York serving from 1977 until his death from heart failure in New York City in 1992 . Weiss was born in Gáva , Hungary and emigrated to the United States in 1938 as his family fled the Nazi invasion of Hungary . He grew up in Perth Amboy , New Jersey . Weiss served in the United States Army from 1946 until 1947 . He graduated from Syracuse University in 1951 , earning a law degree from Syracuse University College of Law in 1952 . In 1953 , Weiss became a naturalized citizen of the United States . Between 1955 and 1959 , he served as assistant New York County , New York ( Manhattan ) district attorney , before leaving the position to return to private practice . From 1962 until 1976 , Weiss was a member of the New York City Council . He was a delegate to the 1972 Democratic National Convention . Weiss was elected to Congress in 1976 , representing most of Manhattan 's West Side , and served from January 3 , 1977 , until his death . Weiss was known for his avid support of liberal causes , including civil rights , open government , and the arts . He served on the House Committee on Banking , Finance , and Urban Affairs , the House Committee on Government Operations , and the House Committee on Foreign Affairs . In 1985 Weiss headed a committee that found 90 percent of the twenty to thirty thousand new drugs used on farm animals had not been approved by the FDA in violation of the Federal Food , Drug , and Cosmetic Act . They also found that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) failed to remove several drugs already known to be carcinogens . Weiss died three days before the state 's Democratic primary election . Due to the Congressman 's ailing health , five Democrats appeared on the ballot to challenge him . Nonetheless , Weiss posthumously won the primary by a huge margin . State Assemblyman Jerry Nadler was named to replace Weiss on the ballot and was handily elected in November ; Nadler still holds the seat . The Ted Weiss Federal Building in Lower Manhattan , adjacent to the African Burial Ground National Monument , has been named in Weiss ' honor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87d5ab2faadecaad3b3cee1fbcde7e9e", "text": "The New Ledger The New Ledger commonly referred to as `` Pete '' , is an American web publication which pairs aggregated and ranked news stories with right of center opinion articles by free-market minded moderates , libertarians and conservatives . The site 's slogan is `` Welcome to the Know . '' Launched in February 2009 , the New Ledger 's contributors and editors include Pejman Yousefzadeh , Francis Cianfrocca , Christopher Badeaux , Brad Jackson , Benjamin Kerstein , Ted Bromund , Sean Noble , and Amanda Carpenter , some of whom have individual blogs hosted on the site . It is edited by Ben Domenech , who co-founded the conservative activism site Redstate . TNL , as site commenters call it , is not a political activism site , and occasionally publishes articles by conservative Democrats . According to its mission statement : `` Our goal is to sift through the noise to bring your attention to the news you need and want , in order to better understand the times we live in . '' The Transom section aggregates newswire content , while the `` sorted and ranked for you '' Daily Reads on the site , usually news and blog stories on business and politics , are assigned one to five stars on readability . Articles are typically strongly opposed to President Barack Obama 's domestic and economic policies , particularly criticizing the government takeovers of Chrysler and GM . However , TNL has also published articles supporting Obama 's policies on detainees and the environment , as well as the Supreme Court nomination of Judge Sonia Sotomayor . The New Ledger is frequently featured by the RealClearPolitics network of sites and by the website of CBS News , both of which have republished several of their stories . They are linked regularly by US News and World Report , National Public Radio , National Journal , The Hill , Instapundit , The Root , and throughout the conservative blogosphere . In July 2009 , TNL launched a daily podcast called Coffee & Markets , a roughly 15 minute morning podcast Francis Cianfrocca 's thoughts on Wall Street , economic policy , and other political subjects . The podcast was cross promoted at The Washington Times for some time , and after gaining some popularity , became sponsored by Andrew Breitbart 's BigGovernment blog .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9fbf3d5866c4a4b3673f32c7d61a316", "text": "POETICS list The University of Buffalo POETICS listserv ( informally and variously known as UBPOETICS or the POETICS list ) is one of the oldest and most widely known mailing lists devoted to the discussion of contemporary North American poetry and poetics . It began on 8 December 1993 , although the most easily accessible archive only contains messages from after the middle of 1994 . A number of influential poets and critics associated with various movements in contemporary poetry , including Marjorie Perloff and Charles Bernstein , are list subscribers . Estimates of list membership numbers vary , but are around 1800 readers . It is run on servers owned by University at Buffalo , and is associated with that school 's graduate program in poetics . It is a closed list with submitted postings selected by the administrator and editor Amy King . The list has undergone numerous controversies over the years ; in 1999 , Bernstein briefly shut down the list allegedly in response to a large number of postings by one subscriber , Henry Gould , who denies his postings as the cause . The list later reopened . Currently the list provides for a mild amount of moderation by the list owners , with most messages `` pre-approved '' ; the new list rules also state that : `` We generally do not accept postings of creative work not directed toward a discussion of poetics issues on the list . The Poetics List is not a venue for the posting of free-standing , personal poems or journal entries . However , the Poetics List editor may occasionally solicit or approve poems for posting on the list . '' In the early days of the list , membership , list discussions and even the existence of the list itself were kept private , and members were required not to discuss the contents of list postings or the list itself with `` outsiders . '' People who wished to join the list were asked to provide a short `` personal statement '' before being approved . `` Real names '' were also required . These requirements have been relaxed in recent years , although some remain technically in force . In 2001 the list served as the main forum for a protest against the appointment of Billy Collins as Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress . Members of the list participated in the election of an anti-laureate run by Robert Archambeau . Anselm Hollo was elected to this honorary position", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f9191d62fe1a8fba25c19954431a3ff", "text": "Deadline (science fiction story) `` Deadline '' is a 1944 science fiction short story by American writer Cleve Cartmill , first published in Astounding Science Fiction . The story described the then-secret atomic bomb in some detail . At that time the bomb was still under development and top secret , which prompted a visit by the FBI . In 1943 , Cartmill suggested to John W. Campbell , the then-editor of Astounding , that he could write a story about a futuristic super-bomb . Campbell liked the idea and supplied Cartmill with considerable background information gleaned from unclassified scientific journals , on the use of Uranium-235 to make a nuclear fission device . The resulting story appeared in the issue of Astounding dated March 1944 , which actually appeared early in February of that year . By March 8 it had come to the attention of the Counterintelligence Corps , who saw many similarities between the technical details in the story and the research currently being undertaken in great secrecy at Los Alamos . Gregory Benford describes the incident as told him by Edward Teller in his autobiographical essay `` Old Legends '' : Coming three years later in the same magazine , Cleve Cartmill 's `` Deadline '' provoked astonishment in the lunch table discussions at Los Alamos . It really did describe isotope separation and the bomb itself in detail , and raised as its principal plot pivot the issue the physicists were then debating among themselves : should the Allies use it ? To the physicists from many countries clustered in the high mountain strangeness of New Mexico , cut off from their familiar sources of humanist learning , it must have seemed particularly striking that Cartmill described an allied effort , a joint responsibility laid upon many nations . Discussion of Cartmill 's `` Deadline '' was significant . The story 's detail was remarkable , its sentiments even more so . Did this rather obscure story hint at what the American public really thought about such a superweapon , or would think if they only knew ? Talk attracts attention , Teller recalled a security officer who took a decided interest , making notes , saying little . In retrospect , it was easy to see what a wartime intelligence monitor would make of the physicists ' conversations . Who was this guy Cartmill , anyway ? Where did he get these details ? Who tipped him to the isotope separation problem ? `` and that is why Mr. Campbell received his visitors . '' Fearing a security breach , the FBI began an investigation into Cartmill , Campbell , and some of their acquaintances ( including Isaac Asimov and Robert A. Heinlein ) . It appears that the authorities eventually accepted the explanation that the story 's material had been gleaned from unclassified sources , but as a precautionary measure they requested that Campbell should not publish any further stories about nuclear technology for the remainder of the war . Campbell , in the meantime , had guessed from the number of Astounding subscribers who had suddenly moved to the Los Alamos area , that the US government probably had some sort of technical or scientific project ongoing there . He declined to volunteer this information to the FBI .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "7ecc595abe8a2660fe0024d1109bbac6", "text": "All the Pretty Horses (film) All the Pretty Horses is a 2000 American romance western film produced and directed by Billy Bob Thornton , and based on Cormac McCarthy 's novel of the same name . Starring Matt Damon and Penélope Cruz , the film was released on Christmas Day 2000 to mostly negative reviews . It grossed $ 18 million worldwide , against a $ 57 million budget .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "af82c074d1c74ca2934e616c9b5de3aa", "text": "Cinema Handicap The Cinema Handicap is an American Thoroughbred horse race held annually at Hollywood Park Racetrack in Inglewood , California . Raced on turf over a distance of one and one-eighth miles ( 9 furlongs ) during the third week of June , the Grade III event is open to three-year-old horses . The race was run in two divisions in 1961 and 1963 . It was not run in 1974 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "550222d683405ae5aca417980e62a6cb", "text": "The Country Girl (1954 film) The Country Girl is a 1954 American drama film directed by George Seaton and starring Bing Crosby , Grace Kelly , and William Holden . Adapted by George Seaton from Clifford Odets ' 1950 play of the same name , the film is about an alcoholic has-been actor struggling with the one last chance he 's been given to resurrect his career . Seaton won the Academy Award for Best Writing , Adapted Screenplay . It was entered in the 1955 Cannes Film Festival . Kelly won the Oscar for Best Actress for the role , which previously had earned Uta Hagen her first Tony Award in the play 's original Broadway production . The role , a non-glamorous departure for Kelly , was as the alcoholic actor 's long-suffering wife . The win was a huge surprise , as most critics and people in the press felt that Judy Garland would win for A Star Is Born . NBC even sent a camera crew to Garland 's hospital room , where she was recuperating from the birth of her son , in order to conduct a live interview with her if she won . The win by Kelly instead famously prompted Groucho Marx to send Garland a telegram stating it was `` the biggest robbery since Brinks . '' Given the period of its production , the film is notable for its realistic , frank dialogue and honest treatments of the surreptitious side of alcoholism and post-divorce misogyny .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "92148a39cdb695da63a7350c7facae1e", "text": "Election (1999 film) Election is a 1999 American black comedy-drama film directed and written by Alexander Payne and adapted by him and Jim Taylor from Tom Perrotta 's 1998 novel of the same title . The plot revolves around a high school election and satirizes both suburban high school life and politics . The film stars Matthew Broderick as Jim McAllister , a popular high school social studies teacher in suburban Omaha , Nebraska , and Reese Witherspoon as Tracy Flick , around the time of the school 's student body election . When Tracy qualifies to run for class president , McAllister believes she does not deserve the title and tries his best to stop her from winning . Although a box office bomb , Election received critical acclaim . The film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Adapted Screenplay , a Golden Globe nomination for Witherspoon in the Best Actress category , and the Independent Spirit Award for Best Film in 1999 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5394c0dae3d71aa25d972db4b3cefd98", "text": "Pretty (advertisement) Pretty ( or I Feel Pretty ) is a television advertisement launched in 2006 by Nike , Inc. to promote its Nike Women brand of sportswear . The 60-second spot was handled by advertising agency Wieden + Kennedy in Portland , Oregon . The advert stars Russian tennis player Maria Sharapova in her first appearance as a spokesperson for the brand . Pretty debuted on U.S. television on August 20 , 2006 , with later appearances in cinemas and in print advertisements . It was directed by Czech director Ivan Zacharias , with post-production and VFX work by The Mill . The piece was a critical and popular success . It garnered several prestigious awards from the advertising and television industries , including two Cannes Gold Lions and a Gold Effie Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f98bb41838ece69c768bb1e545831057", "text": "War Horse (novel) War Horse is a children 's novel by English author Michael Morpurgo . It was first published in Great Britain by Kaye & Ward in 1982 . The story recounts the experiences of Joey , a horse purchased by the Army for service in World War I France and the attempts of young Albert , his previous owner , to bring him safely home . It formed the basis of both an award winning play ( 2007 ) and an acclaimed film adaptation ( 2011 ) by Steven Spielberg .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa9248209623c00dbd633857575c9a80", "text": "National Thoroughbred Racing Association The National Thoroughbred Racing Association ( NTRA ) is a broad-based coalition of American horse racing interests consisting of leading thoroughbred racetracks , owners , breeders , trainers and affiliated horse racing associations , charged with increasing the popularity of horse racing and improving economic conditions for industry participants . The NTRA has offices in Lexington , Kentucky , and Rye Brook , New York . Historically , it is the marketing departments of the individual tracks , not the national marketing campaigns , which have attracted a fan base . In 2012 , the radio campaign by advertising agency , DeVito/Verdi , led to an increase in a younger , more affluent fan base , and won the Mercury awards for the best radio campaign .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c51775fd65a62b57f9b9073e32b9de7b", "text": "Stock horse A stock horse is a horse of a type that is well suited for working with livestock , particularly cattle . The related cow pony or cow horse is a historic phrase , still used colloquially today , referring to a particularly small agile cattle-herding horse ; the term dates to 1874 . The word `` pony '' in this context has little to do with the animal 's size . though the traditional cow pony could be as small as 700 to and less than high . Such horses are characterized by agility , quickness , and powerful hindquarters . They are usually noted for intelligence and `` cow sense , '' having an instinctive understanding of how to respond to the movement of cattle so as to move livestock in a desired manner with minimal or no guidance from their rider . Such horses are used both as working animals on livestock ranches or stations , and are also seen in competition where horses are evaluated on their ability to work cattle . The term may refer to any of the following : A horse used for ranch work or for competition based on the movements of a working ranch horse , including : campdrafting cutting ( sport ) ranch sorting reining rodeo , particularly calf roping and team roping team penning working cow horse An outdated term for reining or working cow horse competition . Any breed used for ranch or cattle work in the United States , or work on cattle stations in Australia , including : Australian Stock Horse American Quarter Horse American Paint Horse Appaloosa Banker horse Carolina Marsh Tacky Florida Cracker Horse Any other breed of horse used for western riding , ranch work or for stock horse types of competition . Any breed or type of light riding horse of a phenotype that includes a powerful build with heavily muscled hindquarters that appears suitable for work as a stock horse . This includes some representatives of a variety of breeds and crossbreeds . Among breeds with stock horse-type representatives include : Arabian horse Morab Morgan horse Mustang Pony of the Americas Quarab", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f74f33a755e80686e0812bb01680f132", "text": "All the Pretty Horses All the Pretty Horses may refer to : All the Pretty Horses ( novel ) , a 1992 novel by Cormac McCarthy All the Pretty Horses ( film ) , a 2000 film based on the novel `` All the Pretty Little Horses '' ( also known as `` Hush-a-bye '' ) , a traditional lullaby from the Southern United States", "title": "" }, { "docid": "256ecda430ab987708b4bd0599953b10", "text": "Flat racing Flat racing is a form of horse racing which is run on a level racecourse . It is run over a predetermined distance from 2 furlong up to 3 mi and is either test of speed , stamina or both , whilst the skills of the jockey is determined by his ability to restrain the horse or impel it . Flat racing does not require horses to jump over any obstacles such as is required for hurdling or Steeplechase . It differs from harness racing where horses are pulling a sulky and wear a harness . While in many countries flat racing is the most common form of horse racing , in Britain and Ireland it is used to describe the racing season that comes after the Jumps racing which is traditionally held over the winter period . Many different horse breeds are used in flat racing worldwide , but the Thoroughbred is the most dominant . The races take place on track surfaces suitable for horses . Worldwide , the most common is a natural grass surface , called `` turf '' . In North America , the most common surface is a harrowed `` dirt '' surface , often based primarily on a mixture of sand and local soil . Most winter flat races in Britain and other parts of the world are run on a synthetic or all-weather surface , generally a blend of sand with synthetic fiber and/or rubber , often coated with wax or a similar substance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32137e687b2e1271d8c3f4ca61a79815", "text": "Goats (film) Goats is a 2012 comedy-drama film directed by Christopher Neil and written by Mark Poirier based on his 2000 novel Goats . The film stars David Duchovny , Vera Farmiga , Graham Phillips , Keri Russell , Justin Kirk , and Ty Burrell . The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 24 , 2012 , and was given a limited release in the United States on August 10 , 2012 by Image Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9831200fa1eb9a6182550db1ee68eb8", "text": "Nez Perce Horse The Nez Perce Horse is a spotted horse breed of the Nez Perce tribe of Idaho . The Nez Perce Horse Registry ( NPHR ) program began in 1995 in Lapwai , Idaho and is based on cross-breeding the old-line Appaloosa horses ( the Wallowa herd ) with an ancient Central Asian breed called Akhal-Teke . This program seeks to re-establish the horse culture of the Nez Perce , a tradition of selective breeding of Appaloosa horses and horsemanship that was destroyed in the 19th century . The breeding program was financed by the United States Department of Health and Human Services , the Nez Perce tribe and a nonprofit group called the First Nations Development Institute , which promotes such businesses . The Nez Perce Horse is `` fit to carry the Nez Perce name , '' according to Rudy Shebala , director of the Tribe 's Horse Registry and the Nez Perce Young Horsemen program . The Akhal-Teke is an ancient breed that originated in Turkmenistan ( near Afghanistan ) . They are known for their superb endurance and `` metallic '' coats . The Akhal-Teke coat colors commonly include palominos , buckskins , and dark bays . A typical Nez Perce Horse is a buckskin or palomino with Appaloosa characteristics -- mottled skin with a spotted coat or a blanket . The Nez Perce Horse 's conformation is longer and leaner than the Quarter Horses or other stock horses of the Western U.S. , with narrower shoulders and hindquarters , a longer back , and a lean runner 's appearance . They are good at long rides and compete well in endurance races ; they are also good jumpers . The Nez Perce Horses are often gaited , with a fast and smooth running walk . The Nez Perce say that the horse has attitude . The Nez Perce people are historically known for their selective horse breeding practices , according to NPHR breeders Jon and Rosa Yearout . `` We strive to follow the lead of our ancestors and carry on their legacy and traditions . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73f35a1bb7cfa8a1d18f4dbbe6733bef", "text": "Hollywood & Wine Hollywood & Wine is a 2010 American comedy film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b9b766406c2f29537da2d8a86cb4ef0", "text": "Racehorse injuries Racehorse injuries and fatalities are a side effect of training and competition . The problem with equine injuries is that they so often result in death . A 2005 study by the United States Department of Agriculture found that injuries are the second leading cause of death in horses , second only to old age . Nureyev 's recovery from a broken leg while retired at stud in 1987 typifies the struggle horses have after being injured . Two years after Secretariat 's recordbreaking US Triple Crown took the sport in the United States to a new level of popularity , the breakdown and death of Ruffian brought on a new era of safety concerns . Racehorses had been breaking down for centuries , but never before in an event so widely seen as the great match race between Ruffian and Foolish Pleasure at Belmont Park with 18 million viewers . The horse racing industry has been trying to adapt to the increased safety concerns ever since . `` I personally think that in a very real way , we 're almost held to a higher standard because of the horses -- they do n't make the decision to do this . And I think that 's fair , '' said Nick Nicholson , the president and chief executive of Keeneland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d66b7d0ac2ba1c69e151792742cc51c0", "text": "List of American films of 1999 A list of American films released in 1999 . American Beauty won the Academy Award for Best Picture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a9e3ceaed6e2f9ae739afd5b4df510b", "text": "Animal Farm (1999 film) Animal Farm is a made-for-TV film released in 1999 by Hallmark Films and broadcast on the American cable channel TNT . It is an adaptation of the 1945 George Orwell novel of the same name . The film tells the story of farm animals successfully revolting against their human owner , only to slide into a more brutal tyranny among themselves . The film received mixed reviews when it was broadcast , with much criticism directed at its ending .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "265457bbd71c6794b018f6d68b1e85e8", "text": "25th Academy Awards The 25th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 19 , 1953 . It took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood , California , and the NBC International Theatre in New York City . It was the first Academy Awards ceremony to be televised , and the first ceremony to be held in Hollywood and New York City simultaneously . It was also the only year that the New York ceremonies were to be held in the NBC International Theatre on Columbus Circle , which was shortly thereafter demolished and replaced by the New York Coliseum convention center . A major upset occurred in the category of Best Picture . The heavily favored High Noon lost to Cecil B. DeMille 's The Greatest Show on Earth , eventually considered among the worst films to have won the Academy Award for Best Picture . The American film magazine Premiere placed the movie on its list of the 10 worst Oscar winners and the British film magazine Empire rated it # 3 on their list of the 10 worst Oscar winners . It has the lowest spot on Rotten Tomatoes ' list of the 81 films to win Best Picture . Of all the films nominated for the Oscar this year , only High Noon and Singin ' in the Rain would show up 46 years later on the American Film Institute list of the greatest American films of the 20th Century . For a film that only received two nominations , Singin ' in the Rain went on to be named as the greatest American musical film of all time and in the 2007 American Film Institute updated list as the fifth greatest American film of all time , while High Noon was ranked twenty-seventh on the same 2007 list , as well . The Bad and the Beautiful won five awards , the most wins ever for a film not nominated for Best Picture . It was also the second Academy Awards in which a film not nominated for Best Picture received the most awards of the evening , excluding years where there were ties for the most wins . The only other film to do this was The Thief of Bagdad at the 13th Academy Awards ; as of the 87th Academy Awards , it has not happened since . Until Spotlight won only Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay at the 88th Academy Awards , this was the last year in which the Best Picture winner won just two Oscars . It was also the second of three years to date in which two films not nominated for Best Picture received more nominations than the winner ( The Bad and the Beautiful and Hans Christian Andersen , both with six ) . This occurred again at the 79th Academy Awards . Shirley Booth also became the last person to win an Oscar in a Leading Role to be born in the 19th century . She also holds the distinction of being the first woman in her 50s to win the award , at the age of 54 ( the second woman in her 50s to win , Julianne Moore , was 54 when awarded at the 87th Academy Awards ) . John Ford 's fourth win for Best Director set a record for the most wins in this category that remains unmatched to this day . For the first time since the introduction of Supporting Actor and Actress awards in 1936 , Best Picture , Best Director , and all four acting Oscars went to six different films . This has happened only three times since , at the 29th Academy Awards for 1956 , the 78th for 2005 , and the 85th for 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "651e5fe99cf7d2e8c5a69a6c851d7183", "text": "Westward Ho the Wagons! Westward Ho , The Wagons ! is a 1956 live-action Disney western film , aimed at family audiences . Based on Mary Jane Carr 's novel Children of the Covered Wagon , the film was produced by Bill Walsh , directed by William Beaudine , and released to theatres on December 20 , 1956 by Buena Vista Distribution Company . Fess Parker starred in the film , which also featured the final big-screen appearance of George Reeves . It was released on videotape March 18 , 1997 . The film was shot in Janss Conejo Ranch , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46211b5ec3068eabd62dbfa83f68e7df", "text": "The Black Stallion Returns The Black Stallion Returns is a 1983 film adaptation of the book of the same name by Walter Farley , and is a sequel to The Black Stallion . It is directed by Robert Dalva and produced by Francis Ford Coppola for MGM/UA Entertainment Company . The movie stars Kelly Reno , Vincent Spano and Teri Garr . The portrayal of The Black was shared between Cass Ole , the horse from The Black Stallion , and El Mokhtar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a7c75d6063c5f10579626f13da78588", "text": "Horse Soldiers (film) Horse Soldiers is an upcoming 2018 American war drama film directed by Nicolai Fuglsig and written by Peter Craig and Ted Tally , based on Doug Stanton 's non-fiction book of same name , about the CIA agents and U.S. Special Forces sent to Afghanistan right after the September 11 attacks . The film stars Chris Hemsworth , Michael Shannon , Michael Peña , Austin Stowell , Trevante Rhodes , and Rob Riggle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71e01b91cd0f83f1e28e19b47ecc22a8", "text": "Derby Day (1952 film) Derby Day is a 1952 British drama film directed by Herbert Wilcox and starring Anna Neagle , Michael Wilding , Googie Withers , John McCallum and Alfie Bass . An ensemble piece , it portrays several characters on their way to the Derby Day races at Epsom Downs Racecourse . It was an attempt to revive the success that Neagle and Wilding had previously had opposite each other , but it failed in this regard . In an effort to promote the film Wilcox arranged for Neagle to launch the film at the 1952 Epsom Derby . In the United States it was released as Four against Fate . While making the film Wilding began dating Elizabeth Taylor , who was in London filming Ivanhoe , and later became her second husband .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c6259f4769aad8ff4b0c6727f2248b93", "text": "Aruba Aruba ( -LSB- əˈruːbə -RSB- ; -LSB- aːˈrubaː -RSB- ) is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the southern Caribbean Sea , located about 1600 km west of the main part of the Lesser Antilles and 29 km north of the coast of Venezuela . It measures 32 km long from its northwestern to its southeastern end and 10 km across at its widest point . Together with Bonaire and Curaçao , Aruba forms a group referred to as the ABC islands . Collectively , Aruba and the other Dutch islands in the Caribbean are often called the Dutch Caribbean . Aruba is one of the four countries that form the Kingdom of the Netherlands , along with the Netherlands , Curaçao and Sint Maarten . The citizens of these countries all share a single nationality : Dutch . Aruba has no administrative subdivisions , but , for census purposes , is divided into eight regions . Its capital is Oranjestad . Unlike much of the Caribbean region , Aruba has a dry climate and an arid , cactus-strewn landscape . This climate has helped tourism as visitors to the island can reliably expect warm , sunny weather . It has a land area of 179 km2 and is densely populated , with a total of 102,484 inhabitants at the 2010 Census . It lies outside Hurricane Alley .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "78c37332dd47ecaf295f0df6363eb3a8", "text": "Cactus A cactus ( plural : cacti , cactuses , or cactus ) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae , Although the spellings of botanical families have been largely standardized , there is little agreement among botanists as to how these names are to be pronounced . The - aceae ending can be pronounced ( -LSB- ˈeɪsiiː -RSB- , ) or -LSB- ˈeɪsieɪ -RSB- , , or -LSB- ˈeɪsi -RSB- , . a family comprising about 127 genera with some 1750 known species of the order Caryophyllales . The word `` cactus '' derives , through Latin , from the Ancient Greek κάκτος , kaktos , a name originally used by Theophrastus for a spiny plant whose identity is not certain . Cacti occur in a wide range of shapes and sizes . Most cacti live in habitats subject to at least some drought . Many live in extremely dry environments , even being found in the Atacama Desert , one of the driest places on earth . Cacti show many adaptations to conserve water . Almost all cacti are succulents , meaning they have thickened , fleshy parts adapted to store water . Unlike many other succulents , the stem is the only part of most cacti where this vital process takes place . Most species of cacti have lost true leaves , retaining only spines , which are highly modified leaves . As well as defending against herbivores , spines help prevent water loss by reducing air flow close to the cactus and providing some shade . In the absence of leaves , enlarged stems carry out photosynthesis . Cacti are native to the Americas , ranging from Patagonia in the south to parts of western Canada in the north -- except for Rhipsalis baccifera , which also grows in Africa and Sri Lanka . Cactus spines are produced from specialized structures called areoles , a kind of highly reduced branch . Areoles are an identifying feature of cacti . As well as spines , areoles give rise to flowers , which are usually tubular and multipetaled . Many cacti have short growing seasons and long dormancies , and are able to react quickly to any rainfall , helped by an extensive but relatively shallow root system that quickly absorbs any water reaching the ground surface . Cactus stems are often ribbed or fluted , which allows them to expand and contract easily for quick water absorption after rain , followed by long drought periods . Like other succulent plants , most cacti employ a special mechanism called `` crassulacean acid metabolism '' ( CAM ) as part of photosynthesis . Transpiration , during which carbon dioxide enters the plant and water escapes , does not take place during the day at the same time as photosynthesis , but instead occurs at night . The plant stores the carbon dioxide it takes in as malic acid , retaining it until daylight returns , and only then using it in photosynthesis . Because transpiration takes place during the cooler , more humid night hours , water loss is significantly reduced . Many smaller cacti have globe-shaped stems , combining the highest possible volume for water storage , with the lowest possible surface area for water loss from transpiration . The tallestThe tallest living cactus is a specimen of Pachycereus pringlei . The tallest cactus ever measured was an armless saguaro cactus which blew over in a windstorm in July 1986 ; it was 78 feet tall . free-standing cactus is Pachycereus pringlei , with a maximum recorded height of 19.2 m , and the smallest is Blossfeldia liliputiana , only about 1 cm in diameter at maturity . A fully grown saguaro ( Carnegiea gigantea ) is said to be able to absorb as much as 200 USgal of water during a rainstorm . A few species differ significantly in appearance from most of the family . At least superficially , plants of the genus Pereskia resemble other trees and shrubs growing around them . They have persistent leaves , and when older , bark-covered stems . Their areoles identify them as cacti , and in spite of their appearance , they , too , have many adaptations for water conservation . Pereskia is considered close to the ancestral species from which all cacti evolved . In tropical regions , other cacti grow as forest climbers and epiphytes ( plants that grow on trees ) . Their stems are typically flattened , almost leaf-like in appearance , with fewer or even no spines , such as the well-known Christmas cactus or Thanksgiving cactus ( in the genus Schlumbergera ) . Cacti have a variety of uses : many species are used as ornamental plants , others are grown for fodder or forage , and others for food ( particularly their fruit ) . Cochineal is the product of an insect that lives on some cacti . Many succulent plants in both the Old and New World , such as some Euphorbiaceae ( euphorbias ) , bear a striking resemblance to cacti , and may incorrectly be called `` cactus '' in common usage .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a0e6e9b360c20cd460100ebf3f7c1897", "text": "Parthenocarpy In botany and horticulture , parthenocarpy ( literally meaning virgin fruit ) is the natural or artificially induced production of fruit without fertilization of ovules . The fruit is therefore seedless . Stenospermocarpy may also produce apparently seedless fruit , but the seeds are actually aborted while still small . Parthenocarpy ( or stenospermocarpy ) occasionally occurs as a mutation in nature ; if it affects every flower the plant can no longer sexually reproduce but might be able to propagate by apomixis or by vegetative means . However , parthenocarpy of some fruits on a plant may be of value . Up to 20 % of the fruits of wild parsnip are parthenocarpic . The seedless wild parsnip fruit are preferred by certain herbivores , and thus serve as a `` decoy defense '' against seed predation . Utah juniper has a similar defense against bird feeding . The ability to produce seedless fruit when pollination is unsuccessful may be an advantage to a plant because it provides food for the plant 's seed dispersers . Without a fruit crop , the seed dispersing animals may starve or migrate . In some plants , pollination or other stimulation is required for parthenocarpy . This is termed stimulative parthenocarpy . Plants that do not require pollination or other stimulation to produce parthenocarpic fruit have vegetative parthenocarpy . Seedless cucumbers are an example of vegetative parthenocarpy , seedfull watermelon is an example of stenospermocarpy . Plants moved from one area of the world to another may not always be accompanied by their pollinating partner and the lack of pollinators has spurred human cultivation of parthenocarpic varieties . Some parthenocarpic varieties have been developed as genetically modified organisms .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6d9057179bae27d47db989eae6f14e1", "text": "Gastropoda The Gastropoda or gastropods , more commonly known as snails and slugs , are a large taxonomic class within the phylum Mollusca . The class Gastropoda includes snails and slugs of all kinds and all sizes from microscopic to large . There are many thousands of species of sea snails and sea slugs , as well as freshwater snails , freshwater limpets , land snails and land slugs . The class Gastropoda contains a vast total of named species , second only to the insects in overall number . The fossil history of this class goes back to the Late Cambrian . There are 611 families of gastropods known , of which 202 are extinct and appear only in the fossil record . Gastropoda ( previously known as univalves and sometimes spelled `` Gasteropoda '' ) are a major part of the phylum Mollusca , and are the most highly diversified class in the phylum , with 65,000 to 80,000 living snail and slug species . The anatomy , behavior , feeding , and reproductive adaptations of gastropods vary significantly from one clade or group to another . Therefore , it is difficult to state many generalities for all gastropods . The class Gastropoda has an extraordinary diversification of habitats . Representatives live in gardens , woodland , deserts , and on mountains ; in small ditches , great rivers and lakes ; in estuaries , mudflats , the rocky intertidal , the sandy subtidal , in the abyssal depths of the oceans including the hydrothermal vents , and numerous other ecological niches , including parasitic ones . Although the name `` snail '' can be , and often is , applied to all the members of this class , commonly this word means only those species with an external shell big enough that the soft parts can withdraw completely into it . Those gastropods without a shell , and those with only a very reduced or internal shell , are usually known as slugs ; those with a shell into which they can not withdraw are termed limpets . The marine shelled species of gastropod include edible species such as abalone , conches , periwinkles , whelks , and numerous other sea snails that produce seashells that are coiled in the adult stage -- though in some , the coiling may not be very visible , for example in cowries . In a number of families of species , such as all the various limpets , the shell is coiled only in the larval stage , and is a simple conical structure after that .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc9fd0ecd666fa31a13fb450f8675893", "text": "Protected cultivation In the present scenario of perpetual demand for better quality vegetables and continuously shrinking land holdings , protected cultivation is the best choice for quality produce and efficient use of land and other resources . Protected cultivation means some level of control over plant microclimate to alleviate one or more of abiotic stresses for optimum plant growth which can be achieved in naturally ventilated poly-house or net - / polynet-house . Crop yields can be several times higher than those under open field conditions , quality of produce is superior , higher input use efficiencies are achieved and vegetable export can be enhanced . Extreme weather conditions , in some countries , under the open field conditions are the major limiting factors for achieving higher yield and better quality of vegetables . Under such circumstances , protected cultivation is best option . Keeping these points in view , net-house and naturally ventilated poly-house technology has been recommended for the cultivation of different vegetables .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57d55b5389edafe0bf10c030abb57efe", "text": "Plant breeding Plant breeding is the art and science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics . Plant breeding can be accomplished through many different techniques ranging from simply selecting plants with desirable characteristics for propagation , to methods that make use of knowledge of genetics and chromosomes , to more complex molecular techniques ( see cultigen and cultivar ) . Plant breeding has been practiced for thousands of years , since near the beginning of human civilization . It is practiced worldwide by individuals such as gardeners and farmers , or by professional plant breeders employed by organizations such as government institutions , universities , crop-specific industry associations or research centers . International development nation agencies believe that breeding new crops is important for ensuring food security by developing new varieties that are higher-yielding , disease resistant , drought-resistant or regionally adapted to different environments and growing conditions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3d8dadce8c9d63f220323eee72fc247", "text": "History of Aruba Aruba 's first inhabitants were the Caquetio Indians from the Arawak tribe , who migrated there from Venezuela to escape attacks by the Caribs . Fragments of the earliest known Indian settlements date back to about 1000 . Due to Aruba 's mostly distant location from other Caribbean islands and strong currents in the sea which made canoe travel to the other islands difficult , the Caquetios remained more tied to South America than the Caribbean . In 1636 , Aruba was acquired by the Netherlands and remained under their control for nearly two centuries . In 1796 , the town that was later named Oranjestad , was founded and became the island 's capital . During the Napoleonic wars , the British Empire took control over the island , between 1799 and 1802 , and between 1804 and 1816 , before handing it back to the Dutch . A 19th-century gold rush was followed by prosperity brought on by first the opening of a crude oil transshipment facility in 1924 and then in 1928 with the opening of an oil refinery . This was the Lago Oil and Transport Company a 100 % owned subsidiary of Standard Oil of New Jersey . The Lago refinery was located on the east end of the island and on the west end Royal Dutch Shell had a small refinery , the Eagle Refinery which closed soon after World War II . The last decades of the 20th century saw a boom in the tourism industry , which became Aruba 's primary industry when the refinery closed in 1985 . In 1986 , Aruba seceded from the Netherlands Antilles and became a separate , autonomous member of the Kingdom of the Netherlands , under the Dutch crown . Movement toward full independence was halted at Aruba 's prerogative in 1990 . Aruba has a mixture of people from South America , Europe , the Far East , and other islands of the Caribbean . After a break in the coalition between the ruling Arubaanse Volkspartij ( AVP ) and the Organisashon Liberal Arubano ( OLA ) , the election of July 1998 was pushed forward to December 1997 . The results were unclear , with votes equally divided between the People 's Electoral Movement Party ( MEP ) , the AVP , and the OLA . After negotiations failed to unite the MEP and AVP , a new coalition between the AVP and OLA formed , which forced the MEP to be the opposition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c8c02229c1f2fa7f93107fdafe55629e", "text": "Aroideae Aroideae is a subfamily of flowering plants in the Araceae family . It is the largest subfamily in Araceae and consists of about 72 different genera , and 2,300 species . Plants in Aroideae are characteristic of having spiny pollen without a sporopollenin outer exine layer and an aperature .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "92125c9de474dbdab685d5a848dfa42a", "text": "San Nicolaas San Nicolaas ( Sint Nicolaas ) is 19 km southeast of Oranjestad , and is Aruba 's second largest city . it has a population of 18,126 , most of whom originate from the British Caribbean and rest of the Caribbean . It is also home to Aruba 's only race track .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00949322ec61c9dfadffdb47766a1a49", "text": "Aruba Networks Aruba , a Hewlett Packard Enterprise company is a leading vendor of data networking solutions for enterprises and businesses worldwide . Aruba Networks was founded in 2002 focused on bringing Wi-Fi wireless LAN mobility solutions to enterprise networks . With its acquisition by Hewlett-Packard ( now Hewlett Packard Enterprise ) in 2015 , Aruba Networks has become the entity of Hewlett Packard Enterprise bringing to market all campus and small business data networking offerings of HPE . Its core products are wireless Access Points ( APs ) , wired switches , mobility controllers , and network management software . The company has over 1,800 employees and is headquartered in Santa Clara , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fedf7b21cef8ef33f087d557e17f61cf", "text": "List of systems of plant taxonomy This list of systems of plant taxonomy presents `` taxonomic systems '' used in plant classification . A taxonomic system is a coherent whole of taxonomic judgments on circumscription and placement of the considered taxa . It is only a `` system '' if it is applied to a large group of such taxa ( for example , all the flowering plants ) . There are two main criteria for this list . A system must be taxonomic , that is deal with a large number of plants , by their botanical names . Secondly it must be a system , i.e. deal with the relationships of plants . Although thinking about relationships of plants had started much earlier ( see history of plant systematics ) , such systems really only came into being in the 19th century , as a result of an ever increasing influx from all over the world of newly discovered plant species . The 18th century saw some early systems , which are perhaps precursors rather than full taxonomic systems . A milestone event was the publication of Species Plantarum by Linnaeus which serves as the starting point of binomial nomenclature for plants . By its size this would qualify to be on this list , but it does not deal with relationships , beyond assigning plants into genera . Note that a system is not necessarily monolithic and often goes through several stages of development , resulting in several versions of the same system . When a system is widely adopted , many authors will adopt their own particular version of the system . The Cronquist system is well known for existing in many versions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45e39df201d087d2b9db474f728cccda", "text": "Catholic Church in Aruba The Roman Catholic Church in Aruba is part of the worldwide Roman Catholic Church , under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome . The predominant religion of Aruba is Catholicism , but there is no territorial jurisdiction in Aruba , which is covered by the Diocese of Willemstad in Curaçao .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f538f5ce82b4a770abed82a28027d935", "text": "Hybrid seed In agriculture and gardening , hybrid seed is seed produced by cross-pollinated plants . Hybrid seed production is predominant in agriculture and home gardening . It is one of the main contributors to the dramatic rise in agricultural output during the last half of the 20th century . The alternatives to hybridization are open pollination and clonal propagation . All of the hybrid seeds planted by the farmer will produce similar plants , while the seeds of the next generation from those hybrids will not consistently have the desired characteristics . Controlled hybrids provide very uniform characteristics because they are produced by crossing two inbred strains . Elite inbred strains are used that express well-documented and consistent phenotypes ( such as high crop yield ) that are relatively good for inbred plants . Hybrids are chosen to improve the characteristics of the resulting plants , such as better yield , greater uniformity , improved color , disease resistance . An important factor is the heterosis or combining ability of the parent plants . Crossing any particular pair of inbred strains may or may not result in superior offspring . The parent strains used are therefore carefully chosen so as to achieve the uniformity that comes from the uniformity of the parents , and the superior performance that comes from heterosis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62cc90cae785d80adb57a59eefc5dd41", "text": "Energy crop An energy crop is a plant grown as a low-cost and low-maintenance harvest used to make biofuels , such as bioethanol , or combusted for its energy content to generate electricity or heat . Energy crops are generally categorized as woody or herbaceous plants ; many of the latter are grasses of the family Graminaceae . Commercial energy crops are typically densely planted , high-yielding crop species which are processed to bio-fuel and burnt to generate power . Woody crops such as willow or poplar are widely utilised , as well as temperate grasses such as Miscanthus and Pennisetum purpureum ( both known as elephant grass ) . If carbohydrate content is desired for the production of biogas , whole-crops such as maize , Sudan grass , millet , white sweet clover and many others , can be made into silage and then converted into biogas . Through genetic modification and application of biotechnology plants can be manipulated to create greater yields , reduce associated costs and require less water . High energy yield can also be realized with existing cultivars . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d9222aacce65380fbbcaf471a374788", "text": "Arum (disambiguation) Arum is a plant genus . Arum may also refer to : Araceae , a family of plants called the `` arum family ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4c55a008903eb6bd14eb49896135d21", "text": "Aruban Americans Aruban Americans are Americans of Aruban descent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cfd3259e958e6fce19c45843bc1f74e9", "text": "A Sketch of the Vegetation of the Swan River Colony `` A Sketch of the Vegetation of the Swan River Colony '' , also known by its standard botanical abbreviation Sketch Veg . Swan R. , is an 1839 article by John Lindley on the flora of the Swan River Colony . Nearly 300 new species were published in it , many of which are still current . It appeared as Part Three of Appendix to the first twenty three volumes of Edward 's Botanical Register , the first two parts being indices of previous volumes of Edwards 's Botanical Register , of which Lindley was editor . It contained 58 pages , issued in three parts . Pages 1 to 16 were issued on 1 November 1839 ; pages 17 to 32 on 1 December 1839 ; and the remaining 26 pages on 1 January 1840 . It also contained four woodcuts based on sketches by Lindley , and nine hand-coloured lithographic plates , the artist and lithographer of which are unacknowledged and are now unknown . According to Helen Hewson , the woodcuts are of high quality , but the plates `` do not measure up to the standard of contemporary illustration '' . `` A Sketch of the Vegetation of the Swan River Colony '' represents only the second attempt to provide a flora for the colony , the first being Stephan Endlicher 's 1837 Enumeratio plantarum , a Latin work of which only one installment was published . Thus there were at the time a great many undescribed species awaiting publication -- speaking of the ( now defunct ) order Stylidaceae , Lindley remarks `` In Brown 's prodromus forty-six species only are named for all New Holland ... but I possess from Swan River alone at least forty well marked species , and there are some of Baron Hugel 's with which I am unacquainted '' . Working primarily from the collections of James Drummond , Lindley was able to publish around 280 new taxa , many of which remain current .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30fd15d7606d2100f71e829bc2596ba5", "text": "Viviparity Viviparity literally means `` giving live birth '' , from the Latin vivus ( `` living '' ) and parere ( `` to beget '' ) . The term is in use both in zoology and in botany as a term for certain classes of modes of reproduction , though it has different meanings in the two contexts . The adjective viviparous is derived from `` viviparity '' and describes both the various modes of reproduction and the organisms that reproduce in any such mode . In zoology viviparity refers to development of the embryo inside the body of the parent , eventually leading to live birth , as opposed to reproduction by laying eggs that complete their incubation outside the parental body . There are several forms of reproductive processes that answer to that description however , and they differ so radically , both in their nature and evolutionary origin , that no definitive and exclusive terminology is universally accepted , and the usage of the term is largely a matter of convenience and preference . In botany vivipary is a common alternative form of the term , and botanical definitions also vary . One usage refers to reproduction via embryos , such as shoots or bulbils , as opposed to germinating externally from a dropped , dormant seed , as is usual in plants ; however , vivipary also may refer to plants arising from buds or seedlings that have formed or germinated while still on the parent plant , and are dropped when ready to establish themselves in the substrate . In botany too , the usage of the term is largely a matter of convenience and preference .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "081797685fe83a61e21011f5cc3e547b", "text": "Aralia Aralia -LSB- əˈreɪliə -RSB- , or spikenard , is a genus of the family Araliaceae , consisting of 68 accepted species of deciduous or evergreen trees , shrubs , and rhizomatous herbaceous perennials . The genus is native to Asia and the Americas , with most species occurring in mountain woodlands . Aralia plants vary in size , with some herbaceous species only reaching 50 cm tall , while some are trees growing to 20 m tall . Aralia plants have large bipinnate ( doubly compound ) leaves clustered at the ends of their stems or branches ; in some species the leaves are covered with bristles . The stems of some woody species are quite prickly , as in Aralia spinosa . The flowers are whitish or greenish occurring in terminal panicles , and the spherical dark purple berry-like fruits are popular with birds . Aralia species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species , including the common emerald ( Hemithea aestivaria ) . There are many colours of aralia flowers . The main flower is whitish aralia . Some species , notably Aralia cordata , are edible and are cultivated for human consumption .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "153b74cbd7724136843d633574cc0847", "text": "Fabaceae The Fabaceae , Leguminosae or Papilionaceae , commonly known as the legume , pea , or bean family , are a large and economically important family of flowering plants . It includes trees , shrubs , and perennial or annual herbaceous plants , which are easily recognized by their fruit ( legume ) and their compound , stipulated leaves . Many legumes have characteristics of flowers and fruits.The family is widely distributed , and is the third-largest land plant family in terms of number of species , behind only the Orchidaceae and Asteraceae , with about 751 genera and some 19,000 known species . The five largest of the genera are Astragalus ( over 3,000 species ) , Acacia ( over 1000 species ) , Indigofera ( around 700 species ) , Crotalaria ( around 700 species ) and Mimosa ( around 500 species ) , which constitute about a quarter of all legume species . The ca. 19,000 known legume species amount to about 7 % of flowering plant species . Fabaceae is the most common family found in tropical rainforests and in dry forests in the Americas and Africa . Recent molecular and morphological evidence supports the fact that the Fabaceae is a single monophyletic family . This point of view has been supported not only by the degree of interrelation shown by different groups within the family compared with that found among the Leguminosae and their closest relations , but also by all the recent phylogenetic studies based on DNA sequences . These studies confirm that the Fabaceae are a monophyletic group that is closely related to the Polygalaceae , Surianaceae and Quillajaceae families and that they belong to the order Fabales . Along with the cereals , some fruits and tropical roots a number of Leguminosae have been a staple human food for millennia and their use is closely related to human evolution . A number are important agricultural and food plants , including Glycine max ( soybean ) , Phaseolus ( beans ) , Pisum sativum ( pea ) , Cicer arietinum ( chickpeas ) , Medicago sativa ( alfalfa ) , Arachis hypogaea ( peanut ) , Lathyrus odoratus ( sweet pea ) , Ceratonia siliqua ( carob ) , and Glycyrrhiza glabra ( liquorice ) . A number of species are also weedy pests in different parts of the world , including : Cytisus scoparius ( broom ) , Robinia pseudoacacia ( black locust ) , Ulex europaeus ( gorse ) , Pueraria lobata ( kudzu ) , and a number of Lupinus species .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5f8af43bd4bb831bba5ecbc736e6190", "text": "Barren vegetation Barren vegetation describes an area of land where plant growth may be sparse , stunted , and/or contain limited biodiversity . Environmental conditions such as toxic or infertile soil , high winds , coastal salt-spray and climatic conditions are often key factors in poor plant growth and development . Barren vegetation can be categorized depending on the climate , geology and the geographic location of a specific area . Pine Barrens , coastal barrens and serpentine barrens are some of the more distinct ecoregions for barren vegetation and are the most commonly researched by scientists . Often referred to as `` heathlands '' , barrens can be excellent environments for unique biological diversity and taxonomic compositions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26b1364134bdf2fc1df6b26d66f1b866", "text": "Babiana Babiana Ker Gawler -LSB- ˌbæbiˈænə -RSB- is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae composed of about 80 recognized species . The majority of these species are endemic to the Cape Provinces of South Africa , especially Namaqualand , as well Namibia , Botswana , Zambia and Zimbabwe . The genus name is derived from the Dutch word baviaan , referring to the Chacma baboon , Papio ursinus , that consumes the corms of plants in the genus . One species , Babiana stricta , is widely cultivated as an ornamental .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b9d828f4820030fb0a5928f551b1a8b4", "text": "Jesus Jesus ( -LSB- ˈdʒiːzəs -RSB- ; c. 4 BC -- c. AD 30/33 ) , also referred to as Jesus of Nazareth or Jesus Christ , was a Jewish preacher and religious leader who became the central figure of Christianity . Christians believe him to be the Son of God and the awaited Messiah ( Christ ) prophesied in the Old Testament . Virtually all modern scholars of antiquity agree that Jesus existed historically , although the quest for the historical Jesus has produced little agreement on the historical reliability of the Gospels and on how closely the biblical Jesus reflects the historical Jesus . Jesus was a Galilean Jew who was baptized by John the Baptist and subsequently began his own ministry , preaching his message orally and often being referred to as `` rabbi '' . He was arrested and tried by the Jewish authorities , and was crucified by the order of Pontius Pilate , the Roman prefect . Jesus debated fellow Jews on how to best follow God , performed healings , taught in parables and gathered followers . After his death , his followers believed he rose from the dead , and the community they formed eventually became the Christian Church . His birth is celebrated annually on December 25 ( or various dates in January for some eastern churches ) as a holiday known as Christmas , his crucifixion is honored on Good Friday , and his resurrection is celebrated on Easter . The widely used calendar era `` AD '' , from the Latin anno Domini ( `` in the year of the Lord '' ) , and the alternative `` CE '' , are based on the approximate birth date of Jesus . Christian doctrines include the beliefs that Jesus was conceived by the Holy Spirit , was born of a virgin named Mary , performed miracles , founded the Church , died by crucifixion as a sacrifice to achieve atonement , rose from the dead , and ascended into Heaven , whence he will return . Most Christians believe Jesus enables humans to be reconciled to God . The Nicene Creed asserts that Jesus will judge the living and the dead either before or after their bodily resurrection , an event tied to the Second Coming of Jesus in Christian eschatology . The great majority of Christians worship Jesus as the incarnation of God the Son , the second of three persons of a Divine Trinity . A minority of Christian denominations reject Trinitarianism , wholly or partly , as non-scriptural . In Islam , Jesus ( commonly transliterated as ) is considered one of God 's important prophets and the Messiah . Muslims believe Jesus was a bringer of scripture and was born of a virgin but was not the Son of God . The Quran states that Jesus himself never claimed divinity . To most Muslims , Jesus was not crucified but was physically raised into Heaven by God . Judaism rejects the belief that Jesus was the awaited Messiah , arguing that he did not fulfill Messianic prophecies and asserting that his resurrection is a Christian legend .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f14543208d3a24064e8c6c2ad11abcd8", "text": "John of Caesarea (theologian) John of Caesarea , also called John the Grammarian , was a sixth-century Byzantine priest and theologian . His biography is unknown , nor is the origin of his name , either Caesarea Palaestina or Caesarea Mazaca . He is usually considered the first Neo-Chalcedonian writer . He may be the same person as John the Orthodox , author of Dialogue with a Manichaean . Between 514 and 518 John wrote his Apologia Concilii Chalcedonensis , an apologetic for the Council of Chalcedon , in which he tried to reconcile its ideas with those of Cyril of Alexandria and criticised the position of Severus of Antioch . Against monophysitism , John put forward the `` characteristic hypostasis '' of Christ , whereby the human and divine natures were uniquely united in one person . Severus responded with a Refutation , which survives only in Syriac . John 's other works include tracts and sermons against the doctrines of the Akephaloi , the Aphthartodocetae and the Manichaeans , and an exegesis of the Gospel of John .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e65ce5fe47d2b86213acbbbbef667a52", "text": "Man of God Man of God is a biblical title of respect applied to prophets and beloved religious leaders . The term appears 78 times in 72 verses of the Bible , in application to up to 13 individuals : Moses ( Deut . 33:1 ; Josh . 14:6 ; Ps . 90:1 ; Ezra 3:2 ; 1 Chron . 23:14 ; 2 Chron . 30:16 ) Moses is the only person called `` man of God '' in the Torah . The angel of the Lord who appeared to Samson 's mother ( Judges 13:6 , 8 ) whom she may have taken to be a prophet ( Leviticus Rabbah 1:1 ) The man who chastised the Priest Eli ( 1 Sam . 2:27 ) whom Sifre identifies as Samuel 's father Elkanah ( Sifre to Deut . 342:4 ) Samuel ( 1 Sam . 9:6 , 7 , 8 , 10 ) David ( Neh . 12:24 , 36 ; 2 Chron . 8:14 ) Shemaiah ( 1 Kings 12:22 ; 2 Chron . 11:2 ) The man from Judah who cried out against King Jeroboam of Israel ( 1 Kings 13:1 ( twice ) , 4 , 5 , 6 ( twice ) , 7 , 8 , 11 , 12 , 14 ( twice ) , 21 , 26 , 29 , 31 ; 2 Kings 23:16 , 17 ) whom some rabbis identify as Iddo ( Sifre to Deut . 342:4 ; Pesikta de-Rav Kahana 2:85 ; Zohar 2:64 a ) Elijah ( 1 Kings 17:18 , 24 ; 2 Kings 1:9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ) The man who told King Ahab of Israel that Israel could defeat the Arameans ( 1 Kings 20:28 ) whom Sifre identifies as Micah ( Sifre to Deut . 342:4 ) , but who from context might also be Elijah Elisha ( 2 Kings 4:7 , 9 , 16 , 21 , 22 , 25 , 27 ( twice ) , 40 , 42 ; 5:8 , 14 , 15 , 20 ; 6:6 , 9 , 10 , 15 ; 7:2 , 17 , 18 , 19 ; 8:2 , 4 , 7 , 8 , 11 , 19 ) Hanan son of Igdaliah ( Jer . 35:4 ) The man who warned King Amaziah of Judah not to go to war ( 2 Chronicles 25:7 , 9 ( twice ) ) , whom some rabbis identify as Amoz ( Sifre to Deut . 342:4 ; Seder Olam Rabbah 20 ) Saint Timothy ( 1 Timothy 6:11 ) Category : Hebrew Bible words and phrases Category : New Testament words and phrases", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93d3e6e17b0586041935d2115e7b295e", "text": "Matthew 7 Matthew 7 is the seventh chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament . The chapter is the last of the three chapters which comprise the Sermon on the Mount . The chapter deals with several themes , with verses 1-12 dealing with judging and discernment . Matthew 7:1 -5 relates the guidance on The Mote and the Beam , which has a parallel in Luke 6:37 -42 . At Matthew 7:7 Jesus returns to the subject of prayer , promising that God will respond to prayer . Verses 7:13 and 14 contain the analogy of the broad and narrow roads , a warning of the ease of slipping into damnation . 7:15 continues the warnings about judgment and adds a caution about false prophets by repeating some of the language used by John the Baptist in chapter 3 . The chapter ends with the Parable of the Wise and the Foolish Builders in Matthew 7:24 -- 27 , which has a parallel in Luke 6:46 -49 . According to Anglican Bishop Charles Ellicott , in comparison with the preceding chapters , `` this -LSB- chapter -RSB- deals chiefly with the temptations incident to the more advanced stages of -LSB- Christian -RSB- life when lower forms of evil have been overcome - with the temper that judges others , the self-deceit of unconscious hypocrisy , the danger of unreality '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da6f8362df85a6de2eb3ee27790de861", "text": "Lord's Prayer The Lord 's Prayer ( also called the Our Father or Pater Noster among other names ) is a venerated Christian prayer that , according to the New Testament , Jesus taught as the way to pray . Two versions of this prayer are recorded : a longer form in the Gospel of Matthew as part of the Sermon on the Mount , and a shorter form in the Gospel of Luke as a response by Jesus to a request by `` one of his disciples '' to teach them `` to pray as John -LSB- the Baptist -RSB- taught his disciples . '' The context of the prayer in Matthew is a discourse deploring people who pray ostentatiously . The original text of the prayer ( in Greek ) uniquely contains the word epiousios , which does not appear in any other classical or Koine Greek literature , and is also the only adjective in the prayer . While controversial , the most common English language translation of this word is `` daily '' . The prayer concludes with `` deliver us from evil '' in Matthew , and with `` lead us not into temptation '' in Luke . The first three of the seven petitions in Matthew address God ; the other four are related to human needs and concerns . Some Christians , particularly Protestants , conclude the prayer with a doxology , a later addendum appearing in some manuscripts of Matthew . ( NRSV ) Our Father in heaven , hallowed be your name . Your kingdom come . Your will be done , on earth as it is in heaven . Give us this day our daily bread . And forgive us our sins , as we also have forgiven our debtors . And do not bring us to the time of trial , but rescue us from the evil one . ( NRSV ) Father , hallowed be your name . Your kingdom come . Give us each day our daily bread . And forgive us our sins , for we ourselves forgive everyone indebted to us . And do not bring us to the time of trial . Underscoring the scope and foundational importance of the Lord 's Prayer , initial words on the topic from the Catechism of the Catholic Church teach that it `` is truly the summary of the whole gospel . '' The prayer is used by most Christian churches in their worship ; with exceptions , the liturgical form is the Matthean . Although theological differences and various modes of worship divide Christians , according to Fuller Seminary professor Clayton Schmit , `` there is a sense of solidarity in knowing that Christians around the globe are praying together ... and these words always unite us . '' In biblical criticism , the prayer 's absence in the Gospel of Mark together with its occurrence in Matthew and Luke has caused scholars who accept the two-source hypothesis ( against other document hypotheses ) to conclude that it is probably a logion original to Q.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "97e291a5443ae18df20040b443bc78ee", "text": "Johannine Christianity Johannine Christianity refers to an ancient Christian community of uncertain existence , which placed great emphasis on the teachings of Jesus , particularly as revealed through the Gospel of John . Starting as a community of early followers of Jesus who `` defined themselves rather starkly against the Jewish milieu in which they arose , these believers cultivated an intense devotion to Jesus as the definitive revelation of God 's salvific will . They understood themselves to be in intimate contact with him and with one another , under the guidance of the Spirit-Paraclete . They were conscious of their relationship to other believers with whom they hoped to be in eventual union . Their piety found distinctive expression in a reflective literary corpus that explored new ways of expressing faith in Jesus . '' ( Attridge 2006 ) `` Their common life included ritual actions known to other followers of Jesus , but they insisted on the unique spiritual value of those rites . Disputes eventually divided the community . By the middle of the second century some representatives of the Johannine tradition achieved a respected role in the emerging ` great church ' , the interconnected web of believers throughout the Mediterranean that provided mutual support and maintained fellowship under the leadership of emerging episcopal authorities . The Johannine community of the first century bequeathed to the universal church its distinctive literary corpus and estimation of Jesus , which came to dominate the development of later Christian orthodoxy . Other representatives of Johannine Christianity , nurturing alternative strands of tradition , influenced various second-century movements , characterized by their opponents and much modern scholarship as ` Gnostic ' . '' ( Attridge 2006 )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "410d0164e2850a86889bacf3eeca95e6", "text": "James, brother of Jesus James ( Hebrew : יעקב Ya'akov ; Greek Ἰάκωβος Iákōbos , can also be Anglicized as Jacob ) , who died in martyrdom in 62 or 69 AD , was an important figure of the Apostolic Age . Other epithets used to refer to James include James the Just , or a variation of James , brother of the Lord . Roman Catholic tradition generally holds that this James is to be identified with James , son of Alphaeus , and James the Less . It is agreed by most that he should not be confused with James , son of Zebedee . Catholics and Orthodox , as well as some Anglicans and Lutherans , believe in the perpetual virginity of Mary ; they teach that James , along with others named in the New Testament as `` brothers '' of Jesus , were not the biological children of Mary , but were possibly cousins of Jesus or step-brothers from a previous marriage of Joseph .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cea9c9189c37b3394ef2da92f98d0106", "text": "Matthew 2:22 Matthew 2:22 is the twenty-second verse of the second chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament . The young Jesus and the Holy Family have just left Egypt after hearing of the death of King Herod . In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads : But when he heard that Archelaus did reign in Judaea in the room of his father Herod , he was afraid to go thither : notwithstanding , being warned of God in a dream , he turned aside into the parts of Galilee : The World English Bible translates the passage as : But when he heard that Archelaus was reigning over Judea in the place of his father , Herod , he was afraid to go there . Being warned in a dream , he withdrew into the region of Galilee For a collection of other versions see BibRef Matthew 2:22 Upon Herod 's death his kingdom was divided in three . Judea went to his son Archelaus , who was as great a tyrant as his father . Most notably he killed some 3000 rebels soon after ascending the throne . His cruelty aroused such popular anger that in 6 AD Archelaus was deposed by the Romans in response to complaints from his subjects . As a result the Romans began directly appointing a governor for the area , with Pontius Pilate being a notable example . The concern Joseph expresses in this verse thus fits with what is known from the history of the period . The decision to go to Galilee was also a reasonable one . That region was ruled by Herod 's far more even-tempered son Herod Antipas and there is evidence that the region had become a refuge to others fleeing the rule of Archelaus or the Romans . One incongruity is that the word translated as reign , more precisely means `` reign as a king . '' This is incorrect , unlike his father Archelaus was only an ethnarch , not a king . Most scholars , even evangelical ones , are content to accept this as the author of Matthew simply being imprecise . There have also been several attempts to explain the discrepancy . Jones notes that Augustus ' decision that Archelaus would only be granted the title of ethnarch occurred six months into his reign . Jones thus thinks it possible that during these first months Archelaus did call himself king , and it would have been during this period that Joseph returned from Egypt . Joseph is again given important information in a dream . However , this time the author of Matthew does not report on its origin . The vocabulary of the passage and the previous instances make most scholars accept this to be another message from God . The Gospel of Luke mentions none of this . Most scholars believe this is because Luke sees Nazareth as Joseph 's original home , and thus sees no reason to explain why he returns there . Much time is spent explaining why the family was in Bethlehem at the time of Jesus ' birth . Matthew has the opposite view seeing Bethlehem as the family 's original home , as demonstrated by them having a house in Matthew 2:11 . It thus needs to go into some detail explaining why they eventually move to Nazareth . The important word is that translated as `` withdrew '' in the WEB . Gundry notes that the author of Matthew would have used return if Nazareth was Joseph 's original home and `` withdrawing '' implies leaving for a new location . Schweizer sees this as unambiguous proof that Matthew has Joseph originally from Bethlehem . Evangelicals , of course , reject this view . France states that the author of Matthew does not discuss Joseph 's origin in Nazareth because of his `` typical avoidance of unnecessary detail . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e59358add4eadafbcd022ca62a65bb6", "text": "Herod Antipas Herod Antipater ( Ἡρῴδης Ἀντίπατρος , Hērǭdēs Antipatros ; born before 20 BC -- died after 39 AD ) , known by the nickname Antipas , was a 1st-century ruler of Galilee and Perea , who bore the title of tetrarch ( `` ruler of a quarter '' ) and is referred to as both `` Herod the Tetrarch '' and `` King Herod '' in the New Testament although he never held the title of king . He is best known today for accounts in the New Testament of his role in events that led to the executions of John the Baptist and Jesus of Nazareth . After being named to the throne by Augustus upon the death of his father , Herod the Great , in 4 BC , and subsequent ethnarch rule by his brother , Herod Archelaus , Antipas ruled Galilee and Perea as a client state of the Roman Empire . He was responsible for building projects at Sepphoris and Betharamphtha , and more important for the construction of his capital Tiberias on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee . Named in honor of his patron , the emperor Tiberius , the city later became a center of rabbinic learning . Antipas divorced his first wife Phasaelis , the daughter of King Aretas IV of Nabatea , in favour of Herodias , who had formerly been married to his half-brother Herod II . ( Antipas was Herod the Great 's son by Malthace , while Herod II was his son by Mariamne II . ) According to the New Testament Gospels , it was John the Baptist 's condemnation of this arrangement that led Antipas to have him arrested ; John was subsequently put to death in Machaerus . Besides provoking his conflict with the Baptiser , the tetrarch 's divorce added a personal grievance to previous disputes with Aretas over territory on the border of Perea and Nabatea . The result was a war that proved disastrous for Antipas ; a Roman counter-offensive was ordered by Tiberius , but abandoned upon that emperor 's death in 37 AD . In 39 AD Antipas was accused by his nephew Agrippa I of conspiracy against the new Roman emperor Caligula , who sent him into exile in Gaul . Accompanied there by Herodias , he died at an unknown date . The Gospel of Luke states that Jesus was first brought before Pontius Pilate for trial , since Pilate was the governor of Roman Judea , which encompassed Jerusalem where Jesus was arrested . Pilate initially handed him over to Antipas , in whose territory Jesus had been most active , but Antipas sent him back to Pilate 's court .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f064af2f7fd5a7a655a34505729a777f", "text": "Quakers Quakers ( or Friends ) are members of a historically Christian group of religious movements generally known as the Religious Society of Friends . The Evangelical Friends Church International uses the phrase Friends Church . Members of the various Quaker movements are all generally united in a belief in the ability of each human being to experientially access `` that of God in every person , '' and therefore they profess the priesthood of all believers , a doctrine derived from the First Epistle of Peter . They include those with evangelical , holiness , liberal , and traditional Quaker understandings of Christianity . To differing extents , the different movements that make up the Religious Society of Friends/Friends Church avoid creeds and hierarchical structures . In 2007 , there were about 359,000 adult Quakers . In 2012 , there were 377,055 adult Quakers . Around 79 % of Quakers worldwide belong to the `` evangelical '' and `` programmed '' branches of Quakerism -- these Quakers worship in services with singing and a prepared message from the Bible , coordinated by a pastor . Around 11 % of Friends practice waiting worship , or unprogrammed worship ( more commonly known today as Meeting for Worship ) , where the order of service is not planned in advance , is predominantly silent , and may include unprepared vocal ministry from those present . Some meetings of both types have Recorded Ministers in their meetings -- Friends recognised for their gift of vocal ministry . The first Quakers lived in mid-17th century England . The movement arose from the Legatine-Arians and other dissenting Protestant groups , breaking away from the established Church of England . The Quakers , especially the ones known as the Valiant Sixty , attempted to convert others to their understanding of Christianity , travelling both throughout Great Britain and overseas , preaching the gospel of Jesus Christ . Some of these early Quaker ministers were women . They based their message on the religious belief that `` Christ has come to teach his people himself '' , stressing the importance of a direct relationship with God through Jesus Christ , and a direct religious belief in the universal priesthood of all believers . They emphasized a personal and direct religious experience of Christ , acquired through both direct religious experience and the reading and studying of the Bible . Quakers focused their private life on developing behaviour and speech reflecting emotional purity and the light of God . In the past , Quakers were known for their use of thee as an ordinary pronoun , refusal to participate in war , plain dress , refusal to swear oaths , opposition to slavery , and teetotalism . Described as `` natural capitalists '' by the BBC journalist Peter Jackson , some Quakers founded banks and financial institutions , including Barclays , Lloyds , and Friends Provident ; manufacturing companies , including shoe retailer C. & J. Clark and the big three British confectionery makers Cadbury , Rowntree and Fry 's ; and philanthropic efforts , including abolition of slavery , prison reform , and social justice projects .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1907f7067433ca988e97e39d9afb1963", "text": "General judgment General judgment is the Christian theological concept of a judgment of the dead by nation and as a whole . It is related closely to Judgment Day and often is just another phrase for the Last Judgment or Final Judgement , but is not necessarily part of any eschatology . It is generally contrasted with a particular judgment right after death . The position is hinted at in several places in the Old Testament and in the New , and the Catholic Encyclopedia says ( here referring to the Last Judgment ) `` Few truths are more often or more clearly proclaimed in Scripture than that of the general judgment '' . When the individual dies , general judgment holds that the person 's final dispensation will await the general judgment of the dead at the end of the world , rather than be judged immediately . Additionally , `` general judgment '' may refer not only to the judging of each person , but also to the judgment of nations and peoples . The concept of Last Judgment is similar but unique . Various Last Judgment scenarios represent different forms of a general judgment , such as a global last judgment or a national last judgment . It is more concerned with the depictions and descriptions of particular versions . Jesus provided examples and illustrations of judgments against cities and generations . Jesus warned his contemporaries that the men of Nineveh , who repented at the preaching of Jonah , and the Queen of the South would testify against them in the judgment . In the context of dispatching emissaries , Jesus asked them to shake off the dust of cities that would not receive them . In the same speech , Jesus declared woes upon the cities of Chorazin and Bethsaida declaring that the cities of Sodom , Tyre , and Sidon would have a more tolerable outcome in the judgement .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f2a409c688527bccd038ae58b6418de0", "text": "Ammonites (Book of Mormon) According to the Book of Mormon , the Ammonites ( -LSB- ˈæm.ə.naɪts -RSB- ) were a group of Lamanites who had been converted to the religion of the Nephites by the missionary efforts of Ammon and his brothers . They rejected the traditions of their fathers and embraced the traditions of the Nephites . To distinguish themselves from the Lamanites , they took upon themselves the name Anti-Nephi-Lehies . The name refers to the original leaders that lead their family out of Jerusalem and , guided by God , traveled to the Americas : Nephi and his father Lehi . In the usage here , `` Anti '' means `` to imitate '' . Prior to their conversion , the Ammonites were Lamanites , traditional enemies of the Nephites , and they had taken part in wars and battles against the Nephites . Following their conversion , they felt that their past sins were so great that they took a vow to never shed blood again and to avoid all forms of warfare , even in their own defense . To indicate the serious covenant they were making to this end , they buried all their weapons deep in the ground . Forced from their homeland by their former Lamanite brethren , the Ammonites were re-located to the Nephite land of Jershon and the Nephites took up their defense in their behalf . The Ammonites , in return , provided provisions and material to help support the Nephite armies . When the Nephite and Lamanite nations entered into escalated warfare , the Anti-Nephi-Lehies volunteered to help the Nephites fight . Helaman , who was the leader of the church at that time , forbade them from doing so for fear that God would punish them for breaking their oath . Instead , they sent their sons who had not taken their oath to fight under the command of Helaman . This group was called the two thousand stripling warriors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "951700a42c6d2ce53ec46b62765708e2", "text": "Two by Twos Two by Twos is one of the names used to denote an international , home-based church that has its origins in Ireland at the end of the 19th century . Among members , the church is typically referred to as `` The Truth '' or `` The Way '' . Those outside the church refer to it as `` Two by Twos '' , `` No-name Church '' , `` Cooneyites '' , `` Workers and Friends '' or `` Christians Anonymous . '' Church ministers are itinerant and work in groups of two , hence the name `` Two by Twos '' . The church 's registered names include `` Christian Conventions '' in the United States , `` Assemblies of Christians '' in Canada , `` The Testimony of Jesus '' in the United Kingdom , `` Kristna I Sverige '' in Sweden , and `` United Christian Conventions '' in Australia . These organization names are used only for registration purposes and are not used by members . The church was founded in 1897 in Ireland by William Irvine , an evangelist with the interdenominational Faith Mission . Irvine began independently preaching a return to the method of itinerant ministry he claimed was set forth in the 10th chapter of Matthew . Church growth was rapid , spreading outside Ireland . Irvine eventually began preaching a new order in which the hierarchy that had developed within the church would have no placement . This teaching became controversial within the church and led to his expulsion by church overseers around 1914 . One of the church 's most prominent evangelists , Edward Cooney , was expelled a decade after Irvine . The church then became much less visible to outsiders for the next half-century . Publication of several articles and books , increased news coverage , and the appearance of the Internet have since opened the church to wider scrutiny . The church does not explicitly publish any doctrinal statements , claiming these must be orally imparted by its ministers , referred to as `` workers '' . Doctrine of the church teaches that salvation is available only by accepting the preaching of its homeless , penniless ministry workers and by attending the group 's home meetings . The orthodox Christian Trinitarian doctrine is rejected , and members are told to deny any church name . Baptism by immersion as performed by one of the church 's workers is required for full participation . Some in the church claim it is a direct continuation of the 1st-century Christian church , although some believe that a restoration of some sort may have occurred in the late 19th century . Members hold regular weekly worship gatherings in local homes on Sunday and in the middle of the week . The church holds annual regional conventions and public Gospel meetings . The church claims no official headquarters or official publications . Its hymnbook and various other materials for internal use are produced by outside publishers and printing firms . Printed invitations and advertisements for its open gospel meetings are the only written materials which those outside the church are likely to encounter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7f4d65844e93556dac8cfc84bc88030", "text": "Persecution of Christians in the New Testament The persecution of Christians in the New Testament is an important part of the Early Christian narrative which depicts the early Church as being persecuted for their heterodox beliefs by a Jewish establishment in what was then Roman occupied Iudaea province . The New Testament , especially the Gospel of John ( c. 90 -- 100 AD ) , has traditionally been interpreted as relating Christian accounts of the Pharisee rejection of Jesus and accusations of the Pharisee responsibility for his crucifixion . The Acts of the Apostles depicts instances of early Christian persecution by the Sanhedrin , the Jewish religious court at the time . However , the historical reliability of the Acts of the Apostles is disputed . Walter Laqueur argues that hostility between Christians and Jews grew over the generations . By the 4th century , John Chrysostom was arguing that the Pharisees alone , not the Romans , were responsible for the murder of Christ . However , according to Laqueur : `` Absolving Pilate from guilt may have been connected with the missionary activities of early Christianity in Rome and the desire not to antagonize those they want to convert . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a8a0756daf8e49ba57e932730cd06ed", "text": "Apollonius of Ephesus Apollonius of Ephesus ( Ἀπολλώνιος fl . 180 -- 210 ) was an anti-Montanist Greek ecclesiastical writer , probably from Asia Minor . He was thoroughly acquainted with the Christian history of Ephesus and the doings of the Phrygian Montanists . The unknown author of Praedestinatus says he was a Bishop of Ephesus . However , the lack of support from other Christian writers makes this testimony doubtful . He undertook the defense of the Church against Montanus , and followed in the footsteps of Zoticus of Comanus , Julian of Apamaea , Sotas of Anchialus , and Apollinaris of Hierapolis . His work is cited by Eusebius , and is praised by St. Jerome , but has been lost , and not even its title is known . It most likely showed the falsity of the Montanist prophecies , recounted the unedifying lives of Montanus and his prophetesses . It also gave currency to the report of their suicide by hanging , and threw light on some of the adepts of the sect , including the apostate Themison , and the pseudo-martyr Alexander . Themison , having evaded martyrdom by means of money , posed as an innovator , addressing a letter to his partisans after the manner of the Apostles , and finally blasphemed Christ and the Church . Alexander , a notorious thief , publicly condemned at Ephesus , had himself adored as a god . Based on Eusebius , it is known that Apollonius spoke in his work of Zoticus , who had tried to exorcise Maximilla , but had been prevented by Themison , and of the martyr-Bishop Thraseas , another adversary of Montanism . He likely gave the signal in it for the movement of opposition to Montanism which the reunion of the first synods developed . At all events , he recalls the tradition according to which Jesus had advised the Apostles not to go far from Jerusalem during the twelve years immediately following His Ascension , a tradition known to Clement of Alexandria from the apocryphal Praedicatio Petri . Moreover , he recounts the restoration to life of a dead man at Ephesus by the Apostle St. John , whose Apocalypse he knew and quotes . He takes rank among the opponents of Montanism with the `` Anonymous '' of Eusebius , with Miltiades and with Apollinaris . Eusebius says his work constituted `` an abundant and excellent refutation of Montanism '' . St. Jerome qualified it as `` a lengthy and remarkable volume '' . It did not therefore pass unnoticed , and roused some feeling among the Montanists since Tertullian felt it necessary to reply to it . After his six books peri ekstaseos , in which he apologized for the ecstasies into which the Montanist prophetesses fell before prophesying , Tertullian composed a seventh especially to refute Apollonius ; he wrote it also in Greek for the use of the Asiatic Montanists .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "152136d8e6407f21fe77159d1153a9b3", "text": "Jewish Christian Jewish Christians , also Hebrew Christians or Judeo-Christians , were the original members of the Jewish movement that later became Christianity . In the earliest stage the community was made up of all those Jews who accepted Jesus as a venerable person or the Messiah ( Christ ) . As Christianity grew and developed , Jewish Christians became only one strand of the early Christian community , characterised by combining the confession of Jesus as Christ with continued adherence to Jewish traditions such as Sabbath observance , observance of the Jewish calendar , observance of Jewish laws and customs , circumcision , and synagogue attendance , and by a direct genetic relationship to the earliest Jewish Christians . The term `` Jewish Christian '' appears in historical texts contrasting Christians of Jewish origin with Gentile Christians , both in discussion of the New Testament church and the second and following centuries . It is also a term used for Jews who converted to Christianity but kept their Jewish heritage and traditions . 1st century `` Jewish Christians '' were totally faithful religious Jews . They differed from other contemporary Jews only in their acceptance of Jesus as the Messiah . Those that taught that Gentile converts to Christianity ought to adopt more Jewish practices than the Church had already included , however , were called `` Judaizers '' . Though the Apostle Peter was initially sympathetic , the Apostle Paul opposed the teaching at the Incident at Antioch and at the Council of Jerusalem , where Paul 's teaching was accepted by the whole Church . Nevertheless , Judaizing continued for several centuries , particularly among Jewish Christians . As Christianity grew throughout the Gentile world , Christians diverged from their Jewish and Jerusalem roots . Jewish Christianity , initially strengthened despite persecution by Jerusalem Temple officials , fell into decline during the Jewish-Roman wars ( 66-135 ) and the growing anti-Judaism perhaps best personified by Marcion ( c. 150 ) . With persecution by the orthodox Christians from the time of the Roman Emperor Constantine in the 4th century , Jewish Christians sought refuge outside the boundaries of the Empire , in Arabia and further afield . Within the Empire and later elsewhere it was dominated by the Gentile based Christianity which became the State church of the Roman Empire and which took control of sites in the Holy Land such as the Church of the Holy Sepulchre and the Cenacle and appointed subsequent Bishops of Jerusalem .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc1f91ef58f944c2bdd6b735c0967701", "text": "The Day of the Lord This is about the eschatological term ; see Lord 's Day for the Christian term for `` Sunday '' . `` The Day of the Lord '' is a biblical term and theme used in both the Hebrew Bible ( Old Testament ; -LSB- יֹום YHWH , יְהוָה -RSB- ) and the New Testament ( -LSB- ἡμέρα Lord #Religion , κυρίου -RSB- ) , as in `` The sun shall be turned into darkness , and the moon into blood , before the great and the terrible day of the come '' ( Joel 2:31 , cited in Acts 2:20 ) . In the Hebrew bible , the meaning of the phrases refers to temporal events such as the invasion of a foreign army , the capture of a city and the suffering that befalls the inhabitants . This appears much in the second chapter of Isaiah . In the New Testament , the `` day of the Lord '' may also refer to the writer 's own times , or it may refer to predicted events in a later age of earth 's history including the final judgment and the World to Come . The expression may also have an extended meaning in referring to both the first and second comings of Jesus Christ .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d0388d9297dce4cc2ea03ccf73ee7892", "text": "Apostolic Age The Apostolic Age of the history of Christianity is traditionally regarded as the period of the Twelve Apostles , dating from the Great Commission of the Apostles by the risen Jesus in Jerusalem around 33 AD until the death of the last Apostle , believed to be John the Apostle in Anatolia c. 100 . Traditionally , the Apostles are believed to have dispersed from Jerusalem , founding the Apostolic Sees . It holds special significance in Christian tradition as the age of the direct apostles of Jesus Christ . One major primary source for the `` Apostolic Age '' is the Acts of the Apostles , but its historical accuracy is questioned by some and its coverage is partial , focusing especially from onwards on the ministry of Paul ( an apostle to the Gentiles , but not one of the original twelve apostles - Rom . 1:1 ; 11:13 ) and his companions , and ending around 62 AD with Paul preaching in Rome under house arrest . According to most scholars , the followers of Jesus were composed principally from apocalyptic Jewish sects during the late Second Temple period of the 1st century . Some Early Christian groups were strictly Jewish , such as the Ebionites and the early-church leaders in Jerusalem , collectively called Jewish Christians . During this period , they were led by James the Just . According to , they described themselves as ` disciples of the Lord ' and -LSB- followers -RSB- ` of the Way ' , and according to a settled community of disciples at Antioch were the first to be called ` Christians ' . Saul of Tarsus , commonly known as Paul the Apostle , persecuted the early Jewish Christians , such as Saint Stephen , then converted and adopted the title of `` Apostle to the Gentiles '' and started proselytizing among the Gentiles . He persuaded the leaders of the Jerusalem Church to allow Gentile converts exemption from most Jewish commandments at the Council of Jerusalem . According to the Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church , Paul 's influence on Christian thinking is more significant than any other New Testament author , however the relationship of Paul the Apostle and Judaism is still disputed today ( see the link for details ) . After the Destruction of the Second Temple in AD 70 during the First Jewish-Roman War , or at the latest following the Bar Kokhba revolt of 132 , Jerusalem ceased to be the center of the Christian church , its bishops became `` suffragans '' ( subordinates ) of the Metropolitan bishop of Caesarea . In the 2nd century , Christianity established itself as a predominantly Gentile religion that spanned the Roman Empire and beyond .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9119f6b05953c6fdb16a5fc4dba69e1d", "text": "Matthew 2:4 Matthew 2:4 is the fourth verse of the second chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament . The magi have informed King Herod that they had seen portents showing the birth of the King of the Jews . In this verse he calls together leading figures of Jerusalem to find out where Jesus was to be born . In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads : And when he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the people together , he demanded of them where Christ should be born . The World English Bible translates the passage as : Gathering together all the chief priests and scribes of the people , he asked them where the Christ would be born . Most scholars take the reference to `` all the chief priests and scribes '' as referring to the Sanhedrin , the council of leading religious figures that played an important role in governing . Some have argued that the phrase `` all the chief priests '' is incorrect as there was only one chief priest at the time . Brown notes that this phrase occurs in other contemporary documents and refers to the leading priests and also the former chief priests . A more important difficulty with this passage is its historical implausibility . Records from that period show that Herod and the Sanhedrin were sharply divided and their relations acrimonious . Schweizer states that Herod calling and consulting with the council is `` historically almost inconceivable . '' Schweizer believes that the introduction of the Jewish leaders is simply a device so that there will be someone to quote the Old Testament passage that appears in Matthew 2:6 . As with the wording of the previous verse many scholars also see this linking of the Jewish leaders and Herod as an example of Christian anti-Semitism . Gundry agrees that the verse is politically motivated and a deliberate foreshadowing of the persecution of Jesus and his church by the leaders of Jerusalem . He notes that at the time the priest were largely Sadducees while the scribes were mostly Pharisees . Thus the specific mentioning of the two groups might be a deliberate attempt to tar both leading Jewish factions . Also notable about this verse is that King Herod , who has only heard that the King of the Jews had been born , asks about the Christ , or the messiah . That the magi , who first noted the star , do not know and are not even asked about where the messiah might be born is a sign that they are ignorant of Jewish scripture . This is evidence to Brown that they are Gentiles , which is also supported by verse 12 's suggestion that they were foreigners : `` And being warned of God in a dream that they should not return to Herod , they departed into their own country another way . '' John Chrysostom believed that they were from Persia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6ee85fb880af06f07b732e3523946b2", "text": "Jesus bloodline The Jesus bloodline is a hypothetical sequence of lineal descendants of the historical Jesus , often by Mary Magdalene , usually portrayed as his wife . Differing and contradictory versions of a Jesus bloodline hypothesis have been proposed in numerous books by authors such as Louis Martin ( 1886 ) , Donovan Joyce ( 1973 ) , Andreas Faber-Kaiser ( 1977 ) , Barbara Thiering ( 1992 ) , Margaret Starbird ( 1993 ) , and various websites . Dan Brown 's novel The Da Vinci Code used the premise for its plot line . The 2007 documentary The Lost Tomb of Jesus proposed that evidence existed to show that Jesus was married to Mary Magdalene and that their son was named Judah , based upon inscriptions found on ossuaries discovered in Jerusalem in 1980 . Biblical scholar and author James Tabor has recently affirmed his belief in a married Jesus , while Karen King announced the discovery of text in a Coptic papyrus fragment , alleged to be a translation of a lost 2nd century Gospel , in which Jesus is made to refer to `` my wife '' . That fragment is now considered by most experts to be a fake . Hypothetical Jesus bloodlines should not be confused with the biblical genealogy of Jesus or the historical relatives of Jesus and their descendants , who are known as the Desposyni .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1cd30bbd0349b8e74a04668ab107b3dd", "text": "Direct revelation Direct revelation is a term used by some Christian churches to express their belief in a communication from God to a person , by words , impression , visions , dreams or actual appearance . Direct revelation is believed to be an open communication between God and man , or the Holy Spirit and man , without any other exterior ( secondary ) means . Direct revelation from evil spirits can also occur . Examples of this is seen in God communicating the Ten Commandments to Moses on Mt. Sinai ( Exodus 34:4 ) ; or the devil communicating knowledge to Jesus Christ during his temptation in the wilderness ( Luke 4:1 -12 ) or the appearance of an angel to the wife of Manoah telling her that she shall bear Samson ( Judges 13:2 ) . Direct revelation is classified as special revelation , but the word `` direct '' has come to make this type of revelation distinct . It is believed by mainstream Christianity that direct revelation had ceased with the death of the early apostles in the first century .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "1bdf149db5915e4fb6aaa13e96b7d7b6", "text": "The Hangover Part III The Hangover Part III is a 2013 American comedy film produced by Legendary Pictures and distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . It is the third and final installment in The Hangover trilogy . The film stars Bradley Cooper , Ed Helms , Zach Galifianakis , Justin Bartha , and Ken Jeong . The supporting cast includes Jeffrey Tambor , Heather Graham , Mike Epps , Melissa McCarthy and John Goodman with Todd Phillips directing a screenplay written by himself and Craig Mazin . The film follows the `` Wolfpack '' ( Phil , Stu , Doug , and Alan ) as they try to get Alan the help he needs after facing a personal crisis . However , things go awry when an incident from the original film comes back to haunt them . The Hangover Part III was announced days before the release of The Hangover Part II and Mazin , who co-wrote Part II , was brought on board . In January 2012 , the principal actors re-signed to star . In March 2012 , Warner Bros. announced a U.S. Memorial Weekend release . The supporting roles were cast between June and September 2012 . Principal photography began in September 2012 in Los Angeles , California before moving to Nogales , Arizona and Las Vegas , Nevada . The film was released on May 23 , 2013 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "90f27afba8397fe1f035ddb9ea46d394", "text": "The Hangover Part II The Hangover Part II is a 2011 American comedy film produced by Legendary Pictures and distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . It is the sequel to the 2009 film The Hangover and the second installment in The Hangover trilogy . Directed by Todd Phillips , who co-wrote the script with Craig Mazin and Scot Armstrong , the film stars Bradley Cooper , Ed Helms , Zach Galifianakis , Ken Jeong , Jeffrey Tambor , Justin Bartha , and Paul Giamatti . It tells the story of Phil , Stu , Alan , and Doug as they travel to Thailand for Stu 's wedding . After the bachelor party in Las Vegas , Stu takes no chances and opts for a safe , subdued pre-wedding brunch . Things do not go as planned , resulting in another bad hangover with no memories of the previous night . Development began in April 2009 , two months before The Hangover was released . The principal actors were cast in March 2010 to reprise their roles from the first film . Production began in October 2010 , in Ontario , California , before moving on location in Thailand . The film was released on May 26 , 2011 and became the highest-grossing R-rated comedy during its theatrical run . A third and final installment , The Hangover Part III , was released on May 23 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08179929bdde5b44cf8e90a213adb06a", "text": "Beverly Hills Cop III Beverly Hills Cop III is a 1994 American action comedy film starring Eddie Murphy and directed by John Landis , who had previously worked with Murphy on Trading Places and Coming to America . It is the third film in the Beverly Hills Cop trilogy , and a sequel to Beverly Hills Cop II . Murphy again plays Detroit cop Axel Foley , who once again returns to Beverly Hills , California , to stop a gang of counterfeiters who are responsible for the death of his boss . Foley teams up with his friend , Beverly Hills detective Billy Rosewood ( Judge Reinhold ) , and his investigation leads him to an amusement park known as Wonder World . The film features a number of cameo appearances by well-known film personalities , including Robert B. Sherman , Arthur Hiller , John Singleton , Joe Dante , special effects legend Ray Harryhausen , and George Lucas as a ride patron . Beverly Hills Cop III was released on May 25 , 1994 and grossed $ 42 million in the United States , and over $ 77 million in the foreign box office . The film was considered by critics and Murphy himself as the weakest film in the series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4a8c1b39d79ac1e06e8550e471df6f5", "text": "Jim Thurman James `` Jim '' George Thurman ( March 15 , 1935 -- April 14 , 2007 ) , was an Emmy-winning American writer , actor , photographer , director , cartoonist , and producer . He is best known for the writings of TV gags for the likes of Bob Hope , Bob Newhart , Carol Burnett , Bill Cosby , and Dean Martin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a15232d320a80e5728993796ce69f23c", "text": "Colin Hanks Colin Hanks ( born Colin Lewes Dillingham ; November 24 , 1977 ) is an American actor and filmmaker . He is known for starring as characters in films such as Shaun Brumder in Orange County , Preston in King Kong , Oliver in The House Bunny , and Troy Gable in The Great Buck Howard . His television roles include Alex Whitman in Roswell , Henry Jones in Band of Brothers , Travis Marshall in Dexter , officer Gus Grimly in Fargo , Jack Bailey in The Good Guys , and Greg Short in Life in Pieces . He is the eldest son of actor Tom Hanks . In the Talking Tom and Friends animated series , he voices Talking Tom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cee06f27547dc9f80bce7d39fb440590", "text": "The Boat (The Office) `` The Boat '' is the sixth episode of the ninth season of the American comedy television series The Office and the 182nd episode overall . The episode originally aired on NBC on November 8 , 2012 . It guest stars Josh Groban as Andy 's brother Walter . The series depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton , Pennsylvania branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company . In the episode , Andy Bernard ( Ed Helms ) must help his family when his dad loses all of their money , Dwight Schrute ( Rainn Wilson ) is pranked into thinking he is a guest on a radio show , and Kevin Malone ( Brian Baumgartner ) learns of Oscar Martinez 's ( Oscar Nunez ) affair with Angela Martin 's husband . `` The Boat '' received positive reviews from television critics . The episode was also viewed by 4.83 million viewers and received a 2.4 / 6 percent rating among adults between the ages of 18 and 49 , ranking third in its timeslot , making it the highest rated episode of the season at the time of its airing . The episode ultimately ranked as the second-highest rated NBC series of the night , after The Voice .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f70a3c79971d2b4edd415a58c6c22e7", "text": "Drunk History Drunk History is an American television comedy series produced by Comedy Central , based on the Funny or Die web series created by Derek Waters and Jeremy Konner in 2007 . In each episode , an inebriated narrator , who is played by a comedian joined by host Waters , struggles to recount an event from history , while actors enact the narrator 's anecdotes and also lip sync the dialogue . The series premiered on Comedy Central on July 9 , 2013 , and its second season premiered on July 1 , 2014 . Will Ferrell and Adam McKay are among the show 's executive producers . In addition to creator Derek Waters and celebrity guest stars , the show 's additional characters are played by regulars Bennie Arthur , Tim Baltz , Mort Burke , Sarah Burns , Maria Blasucci , Craig Cackowski , Michael Cassady , Michael Coleman , Tymberlee Hill , Adam Nee , and Jeremy J. Tutson . On January 13 , 2017 Comedy Central renewed the show for a fifth season , which is set to premiere later in 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c0191e82d0a75b7cd93652de14f2102", "text": "R. Lee Ermey Ronald Lee Ermey ( born March 24 , 1944 ) , known professionally as R. Lee Ermey , is an American actor , best known for his role as Gunnery Sergeant Hartman in Full Metal Jacket , which earned him a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor . He is a former United States Marine Corps staff sergeant and an honorary gunnery sergeant ; during his tenure in the U.S. Marine Corps , he served as a drill instructor . Ermey has often been typecast in authority figure roles , such as Mayor Tilman in the film Mississippi Burning , Bill Bowerman in Prefontaine , Sheriff Hoyt in The Texas Chainsaw Massacre remake , Gunnery Sergeant Hartman in Stanley Kubrick 's Full Metal Jacket , Jimmy Lee Farnsworth in Fletch Lives , a police captain in Se7en , plastic army men leader Sarge in the Toy Story films , Lt. `` Tice '' Ryan in Rocket Power , the warden in SpongeBob SquarePants , and John House , Gregory House 's father in House . Ermey has hosted two programs on the History Channel : Mail Call , in which he answered viewers ' questions about various military issues both modern and historic ; and Lock N ' Load with R. Lee Ermey , which concerned the development of different types of weapons . He also hosted Gunny Time on the Outdoor channel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0d1271c2267fc07780adf021f5bb2ad", "text": "Toby Huss Toby Huss ( born December 9 , 1966 ) is an American actor best known for portraying Artie in the Nickelodeon series The Adventures of Pete & Pete ( 1993 -- 1996 ) . He is also known for his voice-over work on the long-running animated series King of the Hill ( 1997 -- 2010 ) and his role as Felix `` Stumpy '' Dreifuss on HBO 's Carnivàle ( 2003 -- 2005 ) . He currently plays John Bosworth on the AMC original period drama Halt and Catch Fire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "955de93aba8f65459d3c0722dc962680", "text": "Treehouse of Horror IV `` Treehouse of Horror IV '' is the fifth episode of The Simpsons ' fifth season and the fourth episode in the Treehouse of Horror series of Halloween specials . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 28 , 1993 , and features three short stories called `` The Devil and Homer Simpson '' , `` Terror at 5 1/2 Feet '' , and `` Bart Simpson 's Dracula '' . The episode was directed by David Silverman and co-written by Conan O'Brien , Bill Oakley , Josh Weinstein , Greg Daniels , Dan McGrath , and Bill Canterbury . In `` The Devil and Homer Simpson '' , Homer Simpson announces he would sell his soul for a doughnut , and the Devil appears to make a deal with Homer . Homer tries to outsmart the Devil by not finishing the doughnut but eventually eats it and is sent to Hell . A trial is held between Homer and the Devil to determine the rightful owner of Homer 's soul . In `` Terror at 5 1/2 Feet '' , while riding the bus to school , Bart Simpson believes he sees a gremlin taking apart the bus piece by piece . Nobody sees it except for Bart , so he tries to remove it on his own . In `` Bart Simpson 's Dracula '' , Mr. Burns is a vampire and Bart falls victim to his bite . Lisa and the rest of the family go to Burns ' castle to kill Burns so Bart can return to normal . As with the rest of the Halloween specials , the episode is considered non-canon and falls outside of the show 's regular continuity . The episode makes cultural references to television series such as The Twilight Zone , Night Gallery , and Peanuts . References are also made to films such as Bram Stoker 's Dracula and The Lost Boys . Since airing , the episode has received mostly positive reviews from television critics . It acquired a Nielsen rating of 14.5 , and was the highest-rated show on the Fox network the week it aired .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1a6718025ad55ffc029fb444a7c55b4", "text": "Steve Guttenberg Steven Robert `` Steve '' Guttenberg ( born August 24 , 1958 ) is an American actor , author , businessman , producer , and director . He starred in 1984 's Police Academy , and went on to perform in lead roles in Hollywood films of the 1980s , including Cocoon , Three Men and a Baby , and Short Circuit .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "242c6bcb17f923496355b0a19c22f5fc", "text": "Matt Ross (actor) Matthew Brandon `` Matt '' Ross ( born January 3 , 1970 ) is an American actor , director and screenwriter . He wrote and directed the feature film Captain Fantastic , starring Viggo Mortensen , for which he won Un Certain Regard ( recognition of young talent ) at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival . Before that , Ross made seven short films , including The Language of Love , which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival . As an actor , Ross is best known for his roles as Gavin Belson in the HBO series Silicon Valley , Alby Grant in the HBO series Big Love , Glenn Odekirk in The Aviator , and Luis Carruthers in American Psycho . He was also Eddie Scott in the 2005 film Good Night , and Good Luck , for which he was nominated for a Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture . He also directed the feature film 28 Hotel Rooms , which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival . In 2011 and 2015 , he played Charles Montgomery in the first and fifth seasons of FX 's anthology series American Horror Story . He is married to the writer Phyllis Grant , with whom he has two children : Isabel `` Bella '' and Dashiell `` Dash '' Ross .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb1a0192df5037093557b1d59585adff", "text": "Third Hawkins Born Maurice Hawkins , Third Hawkins is a recognized music producer in and out of the DMV area including his hometown of Baltimore , Maryland . He has been producing music for over 10 years and was formally in the r & b group JONDOE . His group was signed to a demo deal with Universal Music Group during the late 90 's but an album never formed . After performing on the Apollo Theater the group decided to disband and Third Hawkins began his production career . Buying music equipment piece by piece he started working with local artist including a young group which he helped formed . After working with several local artist Third began writing for different singers and became one of Baltimore and Dc 's most unknown talent . He started Ghostwriting for artist because he did not want the notoriety that comes with fame . QUOTE : `` My goal is to become the best multi-genre African American male author of the future . '' Third Hawkins hits the scene with the pure gifted talent of story telling in a way that captivates each reader as if they were a part of the story twisting Urban Literature writing in a way that has never been done . . QUOTE : `` I have done so many things in my life that has made me become the man I am today . Some good and some bad but none of them do I regret . '' Third Hawkins began his journey in the music business in an R&B group called JONDOE of which they were signed to a major record label but never produced a full album . It was then when he focused his talent for writing songs and developing them into musical love stories that he began his curiosity for the literary arts . Although writing is what he loved to do music was always his passion . Producing tracks for local and other music artist . Performing at the legendary Apollo theater and other venues are what inspired him to become a better artist . Between work and relationships the music in his life dwindled and the love he once had left after years of R&B changed in the musical domain . He began to write short stories just for fun and one day while on the subway train . Using nothing but his data phone began texting his first book , `` My Only Syn '' . After writing the book and seeing how new found friends that were writers were screwed over by several publishing companies Third started his own publishing company , 3rdHawkins Publishing and began to write the self acclaimed drama `` Wake Me When It 's Over '' based on the life of a strong man trying to survive living with depression . `` I look at urban novels as the future of literary art because of the fact that it 's as real as you can get in telling a story . Hip Hop was once looked at as a genre in music that would never last and now the stories that they tell have influenced all genres of music from rock to country . Every one has some sort of story to tell and some stories may help even if it 's just one person who will read my book and can relate : I am satisfied and feel I have done my job as an author . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6db02b0cfc977f6ed8b18c65cbca5b19", "text": "Jake Gyllenhaal Jacob Benjamin Gyllenhaal ( -LSB- ˈdʒɪlənhɑːl -RSB- ; born December 19 , 1980 ) is an American actor . A member of the Gyllenhaal family and the son of director Stephen Gyllenhaal and screenwriter Naomi Foner , Gyllenhaal began acting as a child with a screen debut in City Slickers ( 1991 ) , followed by roles in A Dangerous Woman ( 1993 ) and Homegrown ( 1998 ) . His breakthrough performance was as Homer Hickam in October Sky ( 1999 ) and he garnered an Independent Spirit Award nomination for Best Male Lead for playing the title character in the indie cult hit Donnie Darko ( 2001 ) , in which he played a psychologically troubled teenager alongside his older sister , Maggie Gyllenhaal . He subsequently appeared in another indie film , The Good Girl ( 2002 ) and the climate fiction-disaster film The Day After Tomorrow ( 2004 ) , portraying a student caught in a cataclysmic climate event . In 2005 , Gyllenhaal portrayed Anthony `` Swoff '' Swofford in Jarhead , Gwyneth Paltrow 's love interest in Proof , and Jack Twist in Ang Lee 's Brokeback Mountain . For his performance in Brokeback Mountain , he received critical acclaim and won the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role and was nominated for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role , the Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture , and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . Gyllenhaal received further recognition for roles in Zodiac ( 2007 ) , Brothers ( 2009 ) , Prince of Persia : The Sands of Time ( 2010 ) , Love & Other Drugs ( 2010 ) , for which he was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Musical or Comedy , Source Code ( 2011 ) , End of Watch ( 2012 ) , Prisoners , Enemy ( both 2013 ) , Nightcrawler ( 2014 ) , Southpaw ( 2015 ) and Nocturnal Animals ( 2016 ) . For Nightcrawler , his performance was widely acclaimed and received rave reviews from critics and he was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role , and the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a28b8f2059ead97d1ff281f84a452e02", "text": "Shameless (season 3) The third season of Shameless , an American comedy-drama television series based on the award-winning British series of the same name by Paul Abbott , premiered on January 13 , 2013 , at Sunday 9:00 p.m. EST on the Showtime television network . Executive producers are John Wells , Paul Abbott and Andrew Stearn , with producer Michael Hissrich . The season concluded after 12 episodes on April 7 , 2013 . The shows season premiere brought in 2.00 million viewers , becoming the show highest rated episode ever to-date . The episode airing February 17 , `` The Sins of My Caretaker '' , received 1.31 million total viewers , its lowest rated episode of the season . The season finale scored 1.82 million viewers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11bdc4acb2c4303adf7c25e136bd4861", "text": "Robert Smigel Robert Smigel ( born February 7 , 1960 ) is an American actor , humorist , comedian and writer known for his Saturday Night Live `` TV Funhouse '' cartoon shorts and as the puppeteer and voice behind Triumph , the Insult Comic Dog . He also co-wrote both Hotel Transylvania films and You Do n't Mess with the Zohan , all starring Adam Sandler .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24fde163931dad61927643e071c359b5", "text": "Jeff Garlin Jeffrey Todd `` Jeff '' Garlin ( born June 5 , 1962 ) is an American comedian , actor , producer , voice artist , director , writer , podcast host and author . He has acted in many television shows and some movies , is an expert in magic , and is known for his role as Jeff Greene on the HBO show Curb Your Enthusiasm , for which he was nominated for seven Emmys in his role as Executive Producer and two wins for Producing from the PGAs . He currently stars in the ABC sitcom The Goldbergs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5eed381a6c740dc75218643ee7ac4e94", "text": "Hangover Tonight `` Hangover Tonight '' is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Gary Allan . It was released to country radio on March 2 , 2015 as the lead single to Allan 's upcoming tenth studio album . The song was written by Allan , Chris Stapleton , Cary Barlowe and Jesse Frasure .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1bbb2fa6490eab538b7a0495e4cbcb7a", "text": "Shane Stanley Shane Stanley ( born June 15 , 1971 in Los Angeles ) is a multi-Emmy Award-winning filmmaker and founder of Visual Arts Entertainment , a film and television production company based in Los Angeles . Best known for executive producing Gridiron Gang starring Dwayne `` The Rock '' Johnson for Sony Pictures and directing Bret Michaels music videos supporting the hit show Rock of Love . Stanley , a four-time nominee , was the youngest to ever win a production Emmy Award , winning his first at sixteen and his second at nineteen for his work on The Desperate Passage Series . Stanley made his directorial debut helming his own screenplay A Sight for Sore Eyes which starred Academy Award nominee Gary Busey . Besides being honored with dozens of prestigious awards and film festival honors , the film was invited to screen at the Cannes Film Festival in 2005 and won Best Drama at the International Family Film Festival in 2006 . Also a commercial and music video director , Stanley 's most recognized work includes campaigns for Call of Duty 4 : Modern Warfare , Sony PlayStation , Morongo Casino , Resort & Spa , Kimberly-Clark , San Manuel Indian Bingo & Casino as well as PSA 's for the American Diabetes Association . His most known music videos include StorySide : B 's `` Miracle '' and Bret Michaels 's Go That Far which reached # 1 and remained on the VH1 Top 20 Video Countdown for over three months . The video is ranked on the network 's list of 100 Best Music Videos . As of 2010 , five of Stanley 's music videos have been on the VH1 Top 20 Video Countdown , ( two simultaneously ) . Shane co-wrote Bret Michaels 's autobiography , `` Roses & Thorns '' for Simon & Schuster and most recently produced the late Zalman King 's , Pleasure or Pain which will release in 2014 . Pleasure or Pain would be Golden Globe Nominee , King 's final film before his passing in 2012 . In 2015 , Shane directed The Untold Story starring Barry Van Dyke , Nia Peeples , Jason Connery , and Ellen Greene a film he co-wrote with his father , Lee Stanley . This would be their first collaboration since Gridiron Gang in 2005 . Shane began 2016 helming Mistrust which he co-wrote with Tiffany Johnson . The film stars two-time Golden Globes winner , Jane Seymour ( actress ) , Parker Stevenson , Patrick Bristow , William Shockley ( actor ) , and Nia Peeples .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0cde16ebe9943bc2be0e284e4160e740", "text": "Rip Taylor Charles Elmer `` Rip '' Taylor , Jr. ( born January 13 , 1935 ) is an American actor and comedian . He is known for his exuberance and flamboyant personality , including his wild moustache and his habit of showering himself ( and others ) with confetti .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ecabde54b978d5cfa6ceb797b1642eb1", "text": "George Wendt George Robert Wendt III ( born October 17 , 1948 ) is an American actor and comedian , best known for the role of Norm Peterson on the television show Cheers .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "2b58fc6b377ad48ebe3b62f89c397b83", "text": "The Panic in Needle Park The Panic in Needle Park is a 1971 American romantic drama film directed by Jerry Schatzberg and starring Al Pacino , in his second film appearance . The screenplay was written by Joan Didion and John Gregory Dunne , adapted from the 1966 novel by James Mills . The film portrays life among a group of heroin addicts who hang out in `` Needle Park '' ( then-nickname of Sherman Square on Manhattan 's Upper West Side near 72nd Street and Broadway ) . The film is a love story between Bobby ( Pacino ) , a young addict and small-time hustler , and Helen ( Kitty Winn ) , a restless woman whom finds Bobby charismatic . She becomes an addict , and life goes downhill for them both as their addictions worsen , eventually leading to a series of betrayals .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "85d9df8bd148ebf5bd18a619ff7d678b", "text": "Tower Heist Tower Heist is a 2011 American heist comedy film directed by Brett Ratner and written by Ted Griffin and Jeff Nathanson , based on a story by Bill Collage , Adam Cooper and Griffin . The plot follows Josh Kovaks ( Ben Stiller ) , Charlie Gibbs ( Casey Affleck ) and Enrique Dev ` reaux ( Michael Peña ) , employees of an exclusive apartment building who lose their pensions in the Ponzi scheme of Wall Street businessman Arthur Shaw ( Alan Alda ) . The group enlist the aid of criminal Slide ( Eddie Murphy ) , bankrupt businessman Mr. Fitzhugh ( Matthew Broderick ) and another employee of the apartment building , Odessa ( Gabourey Sidibe ) , to break into Shaw 's apartment and steal back their money while avoiding the FBI agent in charge of his case , Claire Denham ( Téa Leoni ) . Tower Heist began development as early as 2005 , based on an idea by Murphy that would star himself and an all-black cast of comedians as a heist group who rob Trump International Hotel and Tower . As the script developed and changed into an Ocean 's Eleven -- style caper , Murphy left the project . Ratner continued to develop the idea into what would eventually become Tower Heist , with Murphy later rejoining the production . Filming took place entirely in New York City on a budget of $ 75 million ( after tax rebates ) , with several buildings provided by Donald Trump used to represent the eponymous tower . The film score was composed by Christophe Beck and released commercially on November 1 , 2011 . The film received mixed reviews with much of the praise going to the cast , including Broderick , Leoni and Stiller . However , Murphy was repeatedly singled out by critics as the star of the film , with critics feeling that he displayed a welcome return to the comedic style of his early career . Much of the criticism received by the film was focused on the plot , which was considered `` formulaic , '' `` rushed , '' `` dull '' and `` laborious . '' The film was released on November 4 , 2011 and earned $ 152 million worldwide . Prior to release , the film was involved in a controversy over plans by Universal Pictures to release it for home viewing on video on demand to 500,000 Comcast customers , only three weeks after its theatrical debut . Concern over the implementation 's harming ticket sales and inspiring further films to follow suit resulted in several theater chains ' refusal to show the film at all if the plan went ahead , forcing Universal to abandon the idea .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e021f2ee4c70b36c5b56abf8e62374c", "text": "Peter Coyote Peter Coyote ( born Robert Peter Cohon ; October 10 , 1941 ) is an American actor , author , director , screenwriter and narrator of films , theatre , television and audiobooks . His voice work includes narrating the opening ceremony of the 2002 Winter Olympics and Apple 's iPad Retina Display campaign . He has also served as on-camera co-host of the 2000 Oscar telecasts . His distinctive voice helped him win a News & Documentary Emmy Award in 1992 for narration of `` The Meiji Revolution '' episode of the PBS series The Pacific Century , as well as a Primetime Emmy Award in 2015 for Ken Burns ' documentary special The Roosevelts . He has often been compared with actor Henry Fonda . Coyote was one of the founders of the Diggers , an anarchist improv group active in Haight-Ashbury during the mid-1960s . Coyote was also an actor , writer and director with the San Francisco Mime Troupe ; his prominence in the San Francisco counterculture scene led to his being interviewed for the book Voices from the Love Generation . He acted in and directed the first cross-country tour of The Minstrel Show , and his play Olive Pits , co-authored with Mime Troupe member Peter Berg , won the troupe an Obie Award from the Village Voice . Coyote became a member , and later chairman , of the California Arts Council from 1975 to 1983 . In the late 1970s , he shifted from acting on stage to acting in films . In the 1990s and 2000s ( decade ) , he acted in several television shows . He speaks fluent Spanish and French .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49174415e6a3e11df064109932807308", "text": "Watsonville (play) Watsonville : Some Place Not Here is a three-act 1996 play by Cherríe Moraga . It depicts a cannery strike in Watsonville , California . Watsonville and the 1995 play Circle in the Dirt were published together in a single book by the West End Press . It is the sequel to the 1994 play Heroes and Saints . The play was a project of Stanford University . Pareles wrote that Watsonville criticizes anti-immigration policies in California and Mexican-Americans perceived to have sold out to Anglo culture , or vendidos , who believe such policies should be compromised with . Ruben Mendoza of Confluencia : Revista Hispanica de Cultura y Literatura wrote that the play uses a communal third place ( also known as a third space ) to criticize `` capitalist spatial practice '' . In addition the play also discusses the labor movement 's gender and immigrant rights situation . Moraga stated that the play is based `` loosely on three actual events that took place in a central California coastal farm worker town by the same name . '' These events were a 1985-1987 cannery strike , a 1989 7.1 Richter scale earthquake , and a vision of the Lady of Guadalupe in the Pinto Lake county park . Lisa B. Thompson of the Theatre Journal wrote that there is `` drama with vibrant dialogue and compelling , diverse characters '' because Moraga did not use the words of those she interviewed for research purposes verbatim and instead `` the voices Moraga listened to while researching the plays merge with her own . '' Watsonville has select phrases and sentences in the dialog in the Spanish language instead of English . The play , along with Circle in the Dirt , uses dialog that is a mixture of English and Spanish to paraphrase the content of the interviews conducted by Moraga ; most of the actual interviews were done entirely in Spanish . The music in the play includes bolero , cumbia , and rap . Some of the music includes original compositions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a40a445e7b8f31d68bce2a4c1621090", "text": "Paul Simon in Concert: Live Rhymin' Paul Simon in Concert : Live Rhymin ' is an album by Paul Simon , released in March 1974 by Columbia Records . It was recorded in the wake of the release of There Goes Rhymin ' Simon -- which produced a number of hit singles ( `` Kodachrome '' and `` Loves Me Like a Rock '' ) and radio staples ( as `` Something So Right '' and `` Take Me to the Mardi Gras '' ) during Simon 's 1973-74 tour , at Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum , New York , July 10th , 1973 . However , the album presents a very truncated version of the concerts he performed on this tour , which consisted of up to 24 songs . The album fails to note where the performances were recorded , although according to liner notes in a later Simon compilation , `` Duncan '' is from a London concert and `` American Tune '' was recorded in New York City . Simon was joined by Urubamba and the Jessy Dixon Singers , although the individual members are not identified either on the recording or on the liner notes . In addition to `` Jesus Is the Answer '' , included on the album , Jessy Dixon also performed `` What Do They Call Him '' on tour , while Urubamba performed the instrumentals `` Kacharpari '' and `` Death in Santa Cruz '' . The album was Simon 's first live release and showed him performing Simon & Garfunkel songs solo in concert for the first time . The variety of songs and richness of styles helped with the album 's appeal . Most notable was Simon 's fascination with gospel , something that materialized in the arrangements on many of the songs , taking distance from Simon 's classical folk early style . Near the end of the album , an audience member calls out for Simon to `` say a few words . '' He replies : `` Say a few words ? Well , let 's hope that we continue to live . '' The album was a moderate success . It reached # 33 in the U.S. and was eventually certified gold by the RIAA . However , it failed to chart at all in the UK . Further , two of the live performances were released as a single as part of the promotion for the album : the breakthrough Simon & Garfunkel `` The Sound of Silence '' as the A-side , along with Simon 's debut single `` Mother and Child Reunion '' on the B-side .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f541e153fb72c381617771b6f4264e31", "text": "Stanley Theater (Utica, New York) The Stanley Theatre is a historic Baroque movie palace in Utica , New York . Over the years , it has gone through several changes of ownership , but has always been affiliated with Warner Brothers Pictures . Originally owned by the Stanley-Mark Strand Corporation chain , the Stanley Theatre ( and entire movie theatre chain ) was purchased three days before opening by Warner Brothers . The company was eager to showcase its products on as many screens as possible . The theatre opened on September 10 , 1928 , with the silent movie Ramona starring Dolores del Río . Thomas W. Lamb , a prolific theatre architect , designed the 2,963 seat cinema for the Mastbaum chain of theatres . The theatre was named for Stanley , one of the Mastbaum brothers . While Lamb and his firm designed over 300 theatres worldwide , he is considered to be somewhat of a local , having owned a camp in the Adirondacks . ( His great grandson lives in the Albany area today . ) The Stanley was built in less than 13 months on the expanding southern edge of downtown , some four blocks away from Utica 's theatre district . Unfortunately , all the theatres located there were razed during the Urban Renewal era of the 1960s and 70s . The Stanley remained open through all of this , though it suffered many years of benign neglect . In 1974 , when the threat of destruction became very real , the Central New York Community Arts Council ( renamed Stanley Center for the Arts in 2008 ) spearheaded a campaign to acquire the property , which it did for $ 135,000 . The design motif of the Stanley Theatre is dubbed `` Mexican Baroque '' because of its unique blend of styles . The terra cotta and tiled mosaic exterior shows the Mexican influence , while Habsburg lions , Indian faces , and a multitude of angels and cherubs grace the lavish gold leaf Baroque theatre interior . Moorish influence is also evident in the star-splashed ceiling and twisted columns flanking the stage . Legend has it that the grand entry staircase was designed to resemble the main staircase on the Titanic ocean liner . While the Stanley Theatre continued to be primarily a movie house , it introduced live events early in its history . Today it is host to the Munson-Williams-Proctor Arts Institute Great Artists Series ( over 75 years ) ; Broadway Theatre League ( 50 years ) ; Utica Symphony ( over 60 years ) ; and the Mohawk Valley Ballet ( over 25 years ) . Notable early performers included legendary singers Marian Anderson , Ezio Pinza , Lily Pons , Jeanette MacDonald , and Gene Autry . Later illustrious entertainers included Chuck Mangione , Conway Twitty , Third Eye Blind , Diana Ross , Barry Manilow , and Harry Connick Jr. . The Stanley was also host to multiple appearances by Jerry Seinfeld , Wynton Marsalis , George Carlin , Itzhak Perlman , Bob Weir & RatDog ! , and B.B. King . More recent performances include Aretha Franklin and legendary songwriter Burt Bacharach . The Broadway Theatre League brought in National Touring productions of Cats ( musical ) , Annie , Evita , Sweeney Todd , and Barnum . The theater was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976 . It is significant for its relationship to the early movie industry and its distinctive architecture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3edbf907fd73ed262ddd5771f9869dc", "text": "The San Francisco Improv Alliance Started in 2005 by Shaun Landry , artistic director of Oui Be Negroes , The San Francisco Improv Alliance is a group of actors dedicated to Improvisational Theater . The Alliance offers performance opportunities to upcoming ensembles , stages self-produced shows , co-production of pre-established ensembles , master class workshops and national ensembles and community outreach in the field of improvisational theatre . The San Francisco Improv Talent Pool also offers improvisational actors a chance at paying work in the craft of improvisational theater through educational , corporate , film , radio and television events . In 2007 the Alliance has expanded out its community resources to improvisers with the city of San Francisco , The County of Alameda for work with The San Francisco Family Festival and Public Service Announcements for The Department of Public Health , providing talented improvisers for these worthy organizations . The Alliance has also doubled its corporate and film bookings in 2007 with major institutions including Major League Baseball . The Improv Alliance is also the producer of The San Francisco Improv Festival . Beginning in 2003 ( with improviser Sam Shaw ) , the SFIF has had thousands of audience members attend improvisational theater and learn from master class teachers including Mick Napier , David Razowsky , and Ian Roberts . It is one of the few improvisational Theater Festivals that pays its ensembles to perform . Starting as a 12-week event , The festival now runs over a seven-week span , making it still `` The Longest Running Improv Festival in the Country '' . Sam Shaw left the San Francisco Improv Festival in June 2005 giving all rights and entities to the business of The San Francisco Improv Festival ( SFIF ) to Landry . In 2007 , Clay Robeson and Hans Summers are now Associate Producers along with Ms. Landry .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "421e532288819f99cff7429f94376be1", "text": "Paul Shortino Paul Shortino ( born May 14 , 1953 ) is an American rock singer and musician who has sung for several bands , including Rough Cutt/The Cutt , Quiet Riot , Bad Boyz , and Shortino . He briefly recorded with J.K. Northrup as the duo Shortino/Northrup . He has also recorded as a solo artist , writing and performing the song `` E.G.G.M.A.N. '' as the theme for Dr. Eggman in Sonic Adventure 2 for Sega ( this song was later revised by Remix Factory in Shadow the Hedgehog as `` E.G.G.M.A.N. Doc Robeatnix Mix '' ) . In 1985 , Shortino recorded lead vocals for the Heavy Metal benefit project Hear 'n Aid . The single from this project , `` We 're Stars '' also features lead vocals by heavy metal singers Ronnie James Dio , Rob Halford , Geoff Tate , Don Dokken , Kevin DuBrow , Eric Bloom and Dave Meniketti . He is currently in the band King Kobra and is also performing in the cast of Raiding the Rock Vault at the Tropicana in Las Vegas , Nevada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d104aa07fd961f0ab259be45e1157fe4", "text": "Live at Donington (AC/DC album) Live at Donington is the DVD recording of the AC/DC show at Donington Park on 17 August 1991 , and it was the band 's third Monsters of Rock festival . The two-hour show was performed before 72,500 spectators and included real cannons , the Hells Bell , an inflatable Rosie and an inflatable Angus . It was filmed in 35 mm Panavision and had 26 cameras that included one situated inside a helicopter . The DVD includes special features such as stereo and 5.1 surround sound , Iso-cam versions of certain songs for different band members , and audio commentary from Angus and Malcolm Young . Another option allows the viewer to focus on just one member for the length of a song . This option is available for Angus Young on `` Thunderstruck '' , `` Back in Black '' , and `` Highway to Hell '' . The option is offered for Malcolm Young on `` T.N.T. '' , Brian Johnson on `` Whole Lotta Rosie '' and Cliff Williams `` Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap '' . One other feature is a full catalogue discography with audio interview of all international albums . Despite the commercial success of the DVD , many hardcore fans were disappointed that the audio was fixed , with many differences than the original video , though the DVD officially released in Brazil still has original audio . Tracks from Live at Donington on AC/DC Live have the original audio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "63b42c07be9e1b1e84902fabc90ae057", "text": "Manny the Hippie Manny the Hippie ( born Micah Papp in 1976 ) was a San Francisco Haight-Ashbury regular in 1996 when Late Show with David Letterman was being hosted from there and David Letterman `` discovered '' him on the street . Letterman interviewed Manny on the air and subsequently made him a national celebrity . He became a regular movie reviewer on the show and renowned for his slang , like `` schwag '' for bad , `` dank '' for good , `` diggity dank '' for excellent and `` schwiggity schwag '' for worst . David Letterman sent him scouring the streets of San Francisco on reportages , and also dispatched him on newsbeats across the nation , for instance to Roswell . However , he was wanted in Xenia , Ohio for pot smoking , and sentenced to spend eighteen months in jail in Ohio . On his last Late Show Manny was given a stern and severe lecture by Letterman . While considering having him back on the show after his release , he said to Manny that if he ever got in trouble again `` I do n't know you . '' During his stay in prison , he had plans to write a book . Apparently those were thwarted by the need to constantly sign autographs for his fellow convicts and reply to fan mail . Released after ten months , he returned to San Francisco . Based upon his TV show fame he tried to launch a movie career , and in 1998 he played a bit part as `` Vegan GooBall '' in the movie Around the Fire '' Manny is still a minor celebrity in San Francisco , busking on the streets and attending various pot legalization rallies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6f48051558ea294bec010466d3d3f9cc", "text": "Sam Coppola Sam Coppola ( July 31 , 1932 -- February 5 , 2012 ) was an American actor . He appeared in almost 70 films , beginning in 1968 , but may be best remembered for his role as Dan Fusco , owner of the Bay Ridge , Brooklyn , hardware and paint store , in Saturday Night Fever , who gave John Travolta 's character sage but salty advice in the classic 1977 film . Later in his career , Coppola made a brief but memorable appearance on The Sopranos as the idiosyncratic family therapist of Jennifer Melfi . Coppola was a cop in Serpico ( 1973 ) , starring Al Pacino , and a detective in Fatal Attraction ( 1987 ) , starring Michael Douglas and Glenn Close . His many TV credits include The Practice , The Good Wife , Law & Order , The Sopranos , Ryan 's Hope and the 2001 A&E movie The Big Heist , in which he portrayed mob boss Paul Castellano . Coppola , no relation to film director Francis Ford Coppola , played a nursing home resident in a Chevy commercial that aired during 2011 's Super Bowl and a hot dog vendor in a Ball Park Franks spot starring Michael Jordan . Coppola , a 38-year resident of Leonia , also had many stage roles . He played the hobo Vladimir in a 2005 off-Broadway production of `` Waiting for Godot '' and an aging real estate salesman , Aaronow , in a 2000 production of Glengarry Glen Ross at the McCarter Theatre in Princeton . Coppola died February 5 , 2012 from an aneurysm , and was predeceased by his wife , Helen . He is survived by his children , Jason Coppola of Brooklyn and Samantha Coppola of Bogota , and three grandchildren .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4fd2835298e39d9e66d92d5a7f1082b", "text": "Barry Manilow Live Barry Manilow Live is the fifth album by the singer-songwriter Barry Manilow . The album was released in 1977 , and it scored quadruple platinum . Manilow also was among 1977 Special Tony Award winners Lily Tomlin , Diana Ross , National Theatre For the Deaf and Equity Library Theatre honored with the award that year . He received it for Barry Manilow on Broadway , his 12-day stay at the Uris Theatre from December 21 , 1976 to January 2 , 1977 , where this live album was recorded . The album is known for giving the first commercial release to Manilow 's VSM ( `` Very Strange Medley '' ) . Before the performance Manilow refers to this as a medley of songs that he included in his act against the values of his `` artsy fartsy friends '' . It is a medley of commercial jingles Manilow was involved with , either as a writer or performer , before he became a chart star . The products/companies these promoted include Kentucky Fried Chicken , State Farm , Stridex , Band-Aid , Bowlene , Dr. Pepper , Pepsi and McDonald 's . When first released on compact disc , dialogue and all movements to `` Beautiful Music '' were omitted for it all to fit on one disc , however the 2006 compact disc re-release restores all dialogue and songs , in addition to reordering the track listing to accommodate for the added bonus tracks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44c9d45cefb509d8718d43db0aa11b37", "text": "Central Park Central Park is an urban park in Manhattan , New York City . Central Park is the most visited urban park in the United States , with 40 million visitors in 2013 , and one of the most filmed locations in the world . The park was established in 1857 on 778 acre of city-owned land . In 1858 , Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux , a landscape architect and an architect , respectively , won a design competition to improve and expand the park with a plan they titled the `` Greensward Plan '' . Construction began the same year and the park 's first area was opened to the public in the winter of 1858 . Construction continued during the American Civil War farther north , and was expanded to its current size of 843 acre in 1873 . Central Park was designated a National Historic Landmark by the U.S. Department of the Interior in 1962 , which in April 2017 placed it on the tentative list for UNESCO World Heritage sites . The park , managed for decades by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation , is currently managed by the Central Park Conservancy under contract with the municipal government in a public-private partnership . The Conservancy is a non-profit organization that contributes 75 percent of Central Park 's $ 65 million annual budget and is responsible for all basic care of the 843-acre park .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3fabf230d1566e044c38f4253b178401", "text": "Mark Panick Mark Panick ( born August , 28 1956 , Chicago , Illinois , United States ) is an American musician , bandleader and songwriter best known for fronting the underground rock groups Bonemen of Barumba and Razorhouse .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5088fbdec8c0d034b4cb28381aaafd4d", "text": "Starting pistol A starting pistol or starter pistol is a blank handgun that is fired to start track and field races , as well as competitive swimming races at some meets . The sound of the gun going off serves as the signal for the athletes to begin the event . Starter guns `` can not fire real ammunition or be modified to fire real ammunition . '' Beside sporting events , they are also used in films and in TV or stage shows . Blank shells or caps are used to prevent expelling projectiles , and only small amount of smoke can be seen when shot . Starting pistols may also include modified versions of standard pistols incapable of firing bullets , most commonly achieved by welding an obstruction into the barrel . This is less common nowadays , especially in Western countries . When electronic timing is used , a sensor is often affixed to the gun , which sends an electronic signal to the timing system upon firing . For deaf competitors or for modern electronic systems , a light may be used instead . An issue with the use of starting pistols is that , since the report of the pistol is carried to the competitors at the speed of sound , which takes about 3 milliseconds to travel one metre , positions nearest the starter hear the report a few milliseconds before further positions . This issue is exaggerated in races where the runners begin in a stagger , putting a significant distance between the nearest and furthest runners . To avoid this problem , the pistol is in all major competitions wired with a microphone that transmits the sound virtually instantaneously to loudspeakers directly behind each competitor . With security after the September 11 attacks on the US becoming prevalent , causing issues with starting pistols , a trend developed to use electronic starting systems that do not use pistols , but use a `` dummy '' prop pistol which can not function as a firearm that is wired to the timing system . When the starter presses the button , they emit a signal to play a simulated gunshot that is broadcast to loudspeakers behind each lane , show a flash , emit simulated smoke , and start the timing clock . Many venues have switched to the new format . Beyond the security concerns , it has also been observed that even with the use of loudspeakers , some competitors still wait for the actual sound of the gun to reach them , and since the new all-electronic starting pistols have no such problems , they became the official way of starting games at the 2012 Summer Olympics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af1080b43b867e805f7444b7f6f90ce7", "text": "The Theater Offensive The Theater Offensive is a Boston-based theatrical organization dedicated to the production of queer works . The Theater Offensive was founded in 1989 by Abraham Rybeck `` to present the diversity of lesbian , gay , bisexual , and transgender lives in art so bold it breaks through personal isolation , challenges the status quo , and builds thriving communities . '' The Theater Offensive mounts and produces festivals and individual productions by national and local queer performers , and also serves as a development environment for new theatrical work . In addition , The Theater Offensive works to build community through education , outreach , and political activism . The Theater Offensive has expanded throughout its history . The True Colors OUT Youth Theater troupe concentrates on producing dramatical works produced by young , queer artists . Up until the summer of 2008 , its `` A Street Theater Named Desire '' , a guerrilla AIDS activist theater troupe , enters gay cruising grounds and presents performances that promote safe sex and AIDS education . The Theater Offensive produces an annual Out on the Edge Festival of Queer Theater , which showcases new performing arts works by queer artists from around the world . It has been held each fall since its inception in 1992 . True Colors : Out Youth Theater , a program of The Theater Offensive and the country 's largest and longest-running lesbian , gay , bisexual , transgender and queer ( LGBTQ ) youth theater program , received the 2016 National Arts and Humanities Youth Program Award from First Lady Michelle Obama , for its effectiveness in promoting learning and life skills in young people through the arts by engaging them in creative youth development programming . The National Arts and Humanities Youth Program Award is the nation 's highest honor for youth arts programs , and True Colors , which was established in 1994 , is the first LGBTQ organization in history to receive this award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afd74e666985c812831d2776c1f4047a", "text": "Luna Park (1992 film) Luna Park ( Луна-парк 1992 ) is a Franco-Russian produced film . The second feature film of Russian director Pavel Lungin , it depicts the story of a young antisemitic skinhead leader , Andrei Leonov ( Andrei Gutin ) who is forced to come to terms with the discovery that his father , Naoum Kheifitz ( Oleg Borisov ) is of Jewish ancestry . The film , of the chernukha ( Russian : чернуха , roughly `` black stuff '' ) , genre , follows Andrei as he explores his heritage and the relationship he begins with his father . Luna Park was shown at the Toronto Festival of Festivals on , and was released in New York in January 1994 . It was nominated for the Palme d'Or at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival . The composer Isaak Schwarz won a Nika Award from the Russian Academy of Cinema Arts and Sciences for the film 's music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e112c7131983933cc816e66172c030a", "text": "The Kitchen `` The Kitchen '' is a family of companies headquartered in Boulder , Colo. that work in tandem to pursue an America where everyone has access to Real Food . The Kitchen is a non-profit , multi-disciplinary art and performance space located at 512 West 19th Street , between Tenth and Eleventh Avenues in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan , New York City . It was founded in Greenwich Village in 1971 by Steina and Woody Vasulka , taking its name from the original location , the kitchen of the Mercer Arts Center , where artists working mostly in video showed their work . Although first intended as a location for the exhibition of video art , The Kitchen soon expanded its mission to include other forms of art , both plastic and performance . In 1974 , The Kitchen relocated to a building at the corner of Wooster and Broome Streets in SoHo , and incorporated as a not-for-profit arts organization . In 1987 it moved to its current location . The first music director of The Kitchen was composer Rhys Chatham . The venue became known as a place where many No Wave bands like Glenn Branca , Lydia Lunch and James Chance performed . Notable Kitchen alumni also include Philip Glass , Laurie Anderson , Rocco Di Pietro , John Moran , Jay Scheib , Young Jean Lee 's Theater Company , Peter Greenaway , Michael Nyman , Steve Reich , Pauline Oliveros , Gordon Mumma , Frederic Rzewski , Ridge Theater , The Future Sound of London , Leisure Class , Elliott Sharp , Brian Eno , Arthur Russell , Meredith Monk , Arleen Schloss , Vito Acconci , Keshavan Maslak , Elaine Summers , Lucinda Childs , Bill T. Jones , David Byrne/Talking Heads , chameckilerner , John Jasperse , Bryce Dessner , Nico Muhly , ETHEL , Chris McIntyre , Sylvie Degiez , Wayne Lopes/CosmicLegends , and Cindy Sherman . Today , The Kitchen focuses on presenting emerging artists , most of whom are local , and is committed to advancing work that is experimental in nature . Its facilities include a 155-seat black box performance space and a gallery space for audio and visual exhibitions . The Kitchen presents work in music , dance , performance , video , film , visual art , and literature .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ee50607f734d8b5821d0bb80a616339", "text": "A Needle Woman A Needle Woman is a performance video artwork created by artist Kimsooja . The videos projected simultaneously that comprise Kimsooja 's A Needle Woman ( 1999 ) presents the artist wearing precisely the same clothes , standing precisely the same way , and , it would seem , at the same time of day in various urban environments . A Needle Woman premiered at CCA Kitakyushu in 1999 . In the Kitakyshu version the artist presented a video channel where she lied on top of a rock formation , as Kimsooja explained `` When I was invited to make a new commissioned work at the Center for Contemporary Art in Kitakyushu , Japan , I thought I would do a performance piece - one in the city of Tokyo , and the other one in nature . Then I would juxtapose them together . As a result one was standing still in the middle of a crowd , while the other was lying down on a rock , facing nature . Verticality and horizontality were a metaphor for a dynamic balance between urban and natural forces . '' In further installations of A Needle Woman Kimsooja focused on the urban aspect of the work and shot a number of new videos where she stood absolutely still , her back facing the camera , amid passing crowds of inhabitants in Patan , Nepal ; Havana , Cuba ; N'Djamena , Chad ; Rio de Janeiro , Brazil ; Sana'a , Yemen ; Jerusalem , Israel . Kimsooja in these videos is often described as a nomadic figure traveling across the world to come to rest in a crowded thoroughfare . The Needle referred to in the title is Kimsooja theorizing herself as a needle passing through the fabric of a place and its people . A common feature of the locations visited in the work is that they are all places of violence , disrepair or unresolved conflict ; lending to the needle a metaphoric function as an instrument of suture and healing . Subsequent versions of A Needle Woman were shown at MoMA PS1 Contemporary art center in 2001 , at the Kunsthalle Bern in Bern Switzerland in 2001 , for the 51st Venice Biennale as part of the Arsenale in 2005 , and was projected as a single channel public art project for La Nuit Blanche on the facade of Hotel de Ville , Paris in 2009", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4fc96d02d405141413fdb8746883d416", "text": "Paul Simon in Concert Paul Simon in Concert dates from October 8 , 1980 , when singer-songwriter Paul Simon performed a concert at the Tower Theater outside Philadelphia as part of his One Trick Pony Tour . The concert was recorded and released as a VHS video under this name . This concert has also been widely bootlegged on CD due to the quality of the performances of classic Simon songs as well as now-rare live recordings of songs such as `` Jonah '' and `` Ace in the Hole '' from One-Trick Pony . In November 2003 , the recording was re-released on DVD with the title Live at the Tower Theatre . The original recording was reproduced in surround sound and the DVD 's extra features include biographies of the band members from the One Trick Pony film and soundtrack including Richard Tee and Eric Gale . Category :2003 video albums Category : Live video albums Category : Paul Simon albums Category :2003 live albums", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8152780ad1f742e685abe99ffdb068c5", "text": "Chino XL Derek Keith Barbosa ( born April 8 , 1974 ) , better known by his stage name Chino XL , is an American rapper and actor , known for his `` technically '' accomplished style , consisting of self-consciously over-the-top punchlines , exaggerated egotism , complex rhyme schemes , and use of multiple similes , puns , metaphors , and word play . He has collaborated on various projects with some of the most well known in Hip Hop . Chino is also an avid bodybuilder . Chino started rhyming in 1986 , as said in his song `` Do n't Say A Word '' . He has released four solo studio albums , in which his most recent -- Ricanstruction : The Black Rosary - won the 2012 HHUG Album of the Year award Aside from music , Chino also forged a career in acting , appearing in several films and making guest appearances on the Comedy Central series Reno 911 ! and the CBS series CSI : Miami . He has starred in films alongside Kate Hudson , Luke Wilson , and Rob Reiner and had a solo project debut at Robert Redford 's Sundance Film Festival . He is the nephew of Bernie Worrell of music group Parliament/Funkadelic . Barbosa is also a member of Mensa .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "177bb18c7f02cf1fd38b1ca75a1e6783", "text": "The Weeknd The Weeknd ( born Abel Makkonen Tesfaye ; February 16 , 1990 ) is a Canadian singer , songwriter , and record producer . The Weeknd initially gained recognition after anonymously uploading several songs to YouTube in late 2010 . This allowed him to release of his debut mixtape , House of Balloons , in early 2011 . He released two further independent projects later that year , Thursday and Echoes of Silence , before signing to Republic Records in September 2012 . The three mixtapes received widespread critical acclaim upon release , and proceeded the release of the compilation album Trilogy . In 2013 , he released his debut studio album Kiss Land , which debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 . It was later confirmed to have sold over 273,000 copies in the United States . The Weeknd released his second album , Beauty Behind the Madness , in 2015 , breaking chart records in the process . It saw him become the first ever artist to have simultaneously held the top three spots on the Billboard Hot R&B Songs chart , with `` Earned It '' , `` The Hills '' , and `` Ca n't Feel My Face '' . It also became his first number one album on the US Billboard 200 , and saw triple platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . The album additionally oversaw his first Grammy Award win for Best Urban Contemporary Album , as well as `` Earned It '' winning Best R&B Performance . He won both awards at the 58th Annual Grammy Awards ceremony in 2016 . He released his third studio album , Starboy , in 2016 to generally positive critical reception . The album 's title track topped the chart in several countries , including the U.S. , the UK and Canada , and became The Weeknd 's third number-one single . It gave him his second consecutive number one album , which also later saw platinum certification . Alongside his Grammy Award wins , The Weeknd has won nine Juno Awards and two American Music Awards . He has also founded the record label XO , and is a producer under both his given and stage names .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee93349575c0a92257f01a7f2d3b6997", "text": "Beauty Behind the Madness Beauty Behind the Madness is the second studio album by Canadian singer The Weeknd . It was released on August 28 , 2015 , by XO and Republic Records . The album features guest appearances from Labrinth , Ed Sheeran and Lana Del Rey , with production handled by The Weeknd himself , Illangelo , DaHeala , Ben Billions , Stephan Moccio , Max Martin , Ali Payami and DannyBoyStyles , among others . The album was supported by five singles : `` Often '' , `` The Hills '' , `` Ca n't Feel My Face '' , `` In the Night '' and `` Acquainted '' . `` The Hills '' and `` Ca n't Feel My Face '' both reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 . Beauty Behind the Madness also includes the Academy Award-nominated song `` Earned It '' , which was released as a single from the soundtrack to Fifty Shades of Grey . Beauty Behind the Madness received generally positive reviews from critics , debuting at number one in several countries , including the United States and the United Kingdom , and in its first week recorded sales of 412,000 units in addition to streaming . According to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry , it became the tenth best-selling album of 2015 , with 1.5 million copies sold worldwide . To date , the album has sold over two million units in the United States .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "95dff7d1ed35a2aae30c94dea5ad22ef", "text": "Dahlia (album) Dahlia is the fifth studio album by Japanese heavy metal band X Japan , released on November 4 , 1996 by Atlantic Records . It is the band 's last album before breaking up the following year , and the last to feature new work by guitarist hide , due to his death two years later . The album is composed largely of ballads , with only a few tracks retaining the band 's heavier musical traits seen on previous releases . It topped the Oricon chart and stayed on the chart for only 15 weeks , but managed to sell over half a million copies . Seven , nearly all , of the album 's songs were released as singles , most of which also topped the singles chart and sold well .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d30dd1726f87b0d61ff37b8c2d365dc", "text": "Childish Gambino discography The discography of hip hop recording artist Childish Gambino ( Donald Glover ) comprises three studio albums , seven mixtapes , and two EPs . After releasing his first five mixtapes and EP independently , he signed to Glassnote Records and released Camp ( 2011 ) , his first album on a major record label .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c08c87fd6a99eb0d2b23b7caf375cd3f", "text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2007 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , and airplay . In 2007 , 17 singles reached the top spot on the chart . An 18th single , Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , began a run at the top in 2006 which continued into 2007 . In 2007 , eight acts achieved their first US number-one single , either as a lead artist or featured guest : Maroon 5 , Avril Lavigne , Mims , Plain White T 's , Sean Kingston , Soulja Boy Tell 'Em , T-Pain , and Yung Joc . Producer Timbaland earned his first number-one single as lead artist with `` Give It to Me '' ; he had previously appeared as featured guest on singer Nelly Furtado 's number-one single `` Promiscuous '' . T-Pain , Justin Timberlake , Nelly Furtado and Fergie each earned two number-one singles , either as a lead artist or featured guest . Three number-one singles tied for the longest run on the chart in 2007 : Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , Rihanna 's `` Umbrella '' , and Soulja Boy Tell 'Em 's `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' all topped the chart for seven weeks ; the last of these was non-consecutive . However , `` Irreplaceable '' , which started its peak position in three issues the previous year , is credited to by Billboard magazine as 2006 's longest-running single . To this effect , `` Umbrella '' and `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' are the longest-running singles of 2007 . Other singles with extended chart runs include singer Alicia Keys ' `` No One '' which stayed at number one for five straight weeks . `` Irreplaceable '' is the best-performing single of the calendar year , topping the Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2007 for seven consecutive weeks . Band Maroon 5 's `` Makes Me Wonder '' is noted for its jump from 64th to 1st place on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it the largest leap of 2007 . `` Umbrella '' , which occupied the top slot for seven of summer 's thirteen weeks , has been credited by the music press as 2007 's Song of the Summer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "106ae4371412686a08b197b1c094ea26", "text": "The Marshall Mathers LP The Marshall Mathers LP is the third studio album by American rapper Eminem . It was released on May 23 , 2000 , by Aftermath Entertainment , Interscope Records , and Eminem 's newly founded label , Shady Records in the United States , and on September 11 , 2000 , by Polydor Records in the United Kingdom . The album was produced mostly by Dr. Dre and Eminem , along with The 45 King , the Bass Brothers , and Mel-Man . Released a year after Eminem 's breakout album The Slim Shady LP , the record features more introspective lyricism including the rapper 's response to his sudden rise to fame and controversy surrounding his lyrics . The album sold more than 1.78 million copies in the US in its first week alone , becoming the fastest-selling studio album by any solo artist in American music history . In 2001 , the album won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Album and was nominated for Album of the Year . Eminem lost the latter to jazz-rock duo Steely Dan and their album Two Against Nature . The album was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America in March 2011 for shipping 10 million copies in the United States . By December 2016 , the album had sold over 11 million copies in the United States and more than 32 million copies worldwide . A sequel to the album , The Marshall Mathers LP 2 , was released on November 5 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72158b751235ec16c0fdabe40587435e", "text": "Rising Down Rising Down is the eighth studio album by American hip hop band The Roots , released April 28 , 2008 on Def Jam Recordings . The album 's title is adapted from William T. Vollmann 's book Rising Up and Rising Down : Some Thoughts on Violence , Freedom and Urgent Means ( 2004 ) . Expanding on the dark , dense production and political tone of Game Theory ( 2006 ) , Rising Down features lyrical themes concerning issues of contemporary society , including violence , poverty , social and environmental climate , drugs , police corruption , and the music industry . The album debuted at number six on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 54,000 copies in its first week . It charted modestly in other countries and achieved moderate sales success . Upon its release , Rising Down received generally positive reviews from most music critics . Music critic Robert Christgau named it the ninth best album of 2008 . The album has sold 171,000 copies in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4", "text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af698f1b85f198b52b94a6334e099da6", "text": "Kid Albums Kid Albums ( formerly known as Top Kid Audio ) is a music chart published weekly by Billboard magazine which ranks the top selling children 's music albums in the United States . The chart debuted on the issue dated September 9 , 1995 . It originally began as a 15-position chart , but has now been expanded to 25 . Rankings are compiled by point-of-purchase sales obtained by Nielsen Soundscan data and from legal digital downloads from an all music digital retailers . The Kid Albums chart features full-length albums that are geared towards children or teenage audiences . Some of the genres can extend from baby music , like lullabies , to soundtracks for films that are targeted to children of the age 5-9 to pop , teen pop and other subdivisions of it . Studio albums , EPs , compilation albums and soundtracks are also eligible for the chart . The first number-one title on the Top Kid Audio chart was a compilation album from Walt Disney Records titled , Classic Disney , Vol . 1 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5dd26717a6a403cb827f5ec4e1986cd", "text": "Country Grammar Country Grammar is the debut studio album by American rapper Nelly . It was released on June 27 , 2000 , by Universal Records ( who released the album after listening to demos by Nelly , before signing a record deal with the rapper in 1999 ) . The production on the album was handled by Jason `` Jay E '' Epperson , with additional production by C-Love , Kevin Law , City Spud , Steve `` Blast '' Wills and Basement Beats . Nelly contributed to all lyrics on the album , with Epperson and City Spud also contributing . The album introduced a unique Saint Louis , Midwestern sound , and introduces Nelly 's vocal style of pop-rap singalongs and Midwestern , Missouri twang . It was supported four successful singles : `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , `` E.I. '' , `` Ride wit Me '' and `` Batter Up '' . Its lead single , `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , peaked at number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 and UK Singles Chart . `` E.I. '' charted at number 16 , number 12 and number 11 on the Hot 100 , UK Singles Chart and ARIA Singles Chart , respectively . `` Ride wit Me '' peaked within the top five on the Hot 100 , ARIA Singles Chart , Irish Singles Chart and UK Singles Chart . The album 's fourth and final single , `` Batter Up '' featuring Murphy Lee and Ali , achieved moderate chart success . Country Grammar received positive reviews , with critics praising Nelly 's vocal style and the album 's production . It topped the US Billboard 200 chart for five consecutive weeks , and the US Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart for six consecutive weeks . It peaked in the top five on the New Zealand Albums Chart and Australian Albums Chart , as well as the top ten on the Canadian Albums Chart and Dutch Albums Chart . The album was certified three times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand ( RIANZ ) and Music Canada ( MC ) , denoting shipments of 45,000 and 300,000 copies , respectively . In 2016 , Country Grammar became the ninth hip hop album to be certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipment of 10 million copies in the US . Its commercial success secured Nelly 's status as one of the most successful hip hop acts of the 2000s decade . On Billboard decade-end chart , Nelly ranked as the third most successful act of the 2000s decade , due largely to the success of Country Grammar and his follow-up album Nellyville ( 2002 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f4a9dd23afa404a404705c6a1ba8ede6", "text": "Now That's What I Call Music! 37 (U.S. series) Now That 's What I Call Music ! 37 was released on February 8 , 2011 . The album is the 37th edition of the ( U.S. ) Now ! series . Seven tracks selected for the album were number-one hits on the Billboard Hot 100 : `` Love The Way You Lie '' , `` Just the Way You Are '' , `` Firework '' , `` Raise Your Glass '' , `` We R Who We R '' , `` Only Girl ( In The World ) '' and `` Like a G6 '' . Now ! 37 debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart with first week sales of 151,000 , the biggest week for any US-released Now album since Now ! 31 started at number one with 169,000 in July 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9fed53d44cf8472456f9fd67a694a57", "text": "Monday Songs Monday Songs is the second album by American Rock band Nine Days . It was released in 1996 , before their major-label debut album The Madding Crowd . It contained 11 tracks and it was released on the label Dirty Poet Records . It is available for digital purchase from legal online music sources , such as Rhapsody Online Music Service and iTunes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54f4c66110ae7ed72dac5944d1436228", "text": "Relapse (Eminem album) Relapse is the sixth studio album by American rapper Eminem . The album was released on May 19 , 2009 , under Aftermath Entertainment , Shady Records , and Interscope Records . It was his first album of original material since Encore ( 2004 ) , following a four-year hiatus from recording due to his writer 's block and an addiction to prescription sleeping medication . Recording sessions for the album took place during 2005 to 2009 at several recording studios , and Dr. Dre , Mark Batson , and Eminem handled production . Conceptually , Relapse concerns the ending of his drug rehabilitation , rapping after a non-fictional relapse , and the return of his Slim Shady alter-ego . One of the most anticipated album releases of 2009 , Relapse debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 608,000 copies in its first week . It produced three singles that attained chart success and has been certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America . The album received mixed reviews from most music critics , who were divided in their responses towards Eminem 's lyrics . It has sold more than 2.3 million copies in the United States and more than 17 million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f41db9203a48b9014d1748d46a93184a", "text": "Rudimental discography English drum and bass band Rudimental has released two studio albums and fourteen singles . Their debut studio album , Home , was released in April 2013 . The album reached number one on the UK Albums Chart . On 14 May 2012 , they released `` Feel the Love '' , featuring vocals from John Newman , as the album 's lead single . The song entered the UK Singles Chart at number one , making it their first number one single in the UK . The song also was a top 5 hit in Australia , Belgium , The Netherlands and New Zealand , also charting in Austria , Denmark , Germany and Ireland . On 18 November 2012 , they released the album 's second single `` Not Giving In '' , featuring vocals from Newman and Alex Clare . It debuted and peaked at number 14 on the UK Singles Chart . `` Waiting All Night '' , featuring Ella Eyre , was released as the third single from the album in 2013 , reaching number one in the UK Singles Chart on 21 April 2013 . The next single released was `` Powerless '' , featuring Becky Hill . Their second studio album , We the Generation , was released on 2 October 2015 . Rudimental were given a writing credit on `` Bloodstream '' by Ed Sheeran , taken from his second studio album , x. On 28 April 2015 , the band unveiled a new song called `` Never Let You Go '' , which was the lead single from the album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ccec1b92d1c141b81edde97b10c7e5b", "text": "Radio (LL Cool J album) Radio is the debut studio album by American rapper LL Cool J , released November 18 , 1985 on Def Jam Recordings in the United States . It serves as the label 's first full-length album release . Recording sessions for the album took place during 1984 to 1985 at Chung King House of Metal in New York City . The album was primarily produced by Rick Rubin , who provided a sparse and minimal production style . Radio also features a sound that is punctuated by DJ scratching , mostly brief samples , and emphasis of the downbeat . LL Cool J 's b-boy lyricism conveys themes of inner city culture , teenage promiscuity , and braggadocio raps . The album experienced a significant amount of commercial success and sales for a hip hop record at the time , earning U.S. Billboard chart success and selling over 500,000 copies within its first five months of release . On April 19 , 1989 , Radio was certified platinum in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , following sales in excess of one million copies in the United States . Initial criticism of the album was generally positive , as LL Cool J 's lyricism and Rick Rubin 's production were praised by several music critics . It has since been recognized by critics as LL Cool J 's greatest work . Reflecting the new school and ghettoblaster subculture in the U.S. during the mid-1980s , Radio belongs to a pivotal moment in the history and culture of hip hop . Its success contributed to the displacement of the old school with the new school form and to the genre 's mainstream success during the period . Its success also served as a career breakthrough for LL Cool J and Rick Rubin . Radio has been recognized by music writers as one of the first cohesive and commercially successful hip hop albums .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a66e3151ab45eb5d16b6dd5d24bfe9ea", "text": "Face2Face (Babyface album) Face2Face is the fifth studio album from R&B singer , Babyface . It was his first album in five years after 1996 's The Day . It was also his first album released on Arista Records , which reunited him with his former songwriting and production partner L.A. Reid who was the president of Arista at the time of the album 's release . Face2Face was a radical departure from his previous works , as the balladeer was focused on more uptempo songs . The album was also different due to Babyface working with outside producers on roughly half of the album . Producers on the album included Tim & Bob , Heavy D , The Neptunes , Diggin ' in the Crates producer Buckwild , Brian McKnight 's associate producer Anthony Nance and Dan Reed Network member Brion James . Reviews of the album were mixed , as critics and fans did n't know what to make of Babyface 's new musical direction . Face2Face is notable for being one of a few albums released on the same day as the September 11 attacks . It was released alongside other recordings such as Slayer 's God Hates Us All , Jay-Z 's The Blueprint , Mariah Carey 's Glitter , and Nickelback 's Silver Side Up .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d045a21f1c0a7fd5a0dbc94f5d3be4f", "text": "Dance/Electronic Digital Songs Dance/Electronic Digital Songs is a weekly chart that ranks the best-selling digital dance and electronic singles in the United States , according to Billboard . Although it originally started tracking singles the week of January 2 , 2010 , it did not become an official chart until the issue dated April 3 , 2010 . The Dance/Electronic Digital Songs chart tracks the 50 most popular downloaded dance music singles , including tracks that are exclusively available online only . This chart also includes previously released dance and disco songs that became available for downloading , which means that songs like `` You Spin Me Round ( Like a Record ) '' by Dead or Alive are eligible to chart . On January 17 , 2013 , Billboard added a new chart , Dance/Electronic Songs , which tracks the 50 most popular Dance and Electronic singles and tracks based on club play , single sales , radio airplay , digital downloads , and online streaming . As such , this chart serves as the main component for the Dance Club Songs , Dance/Mix Show Airplay , Dance Single Sales , and Dance/Electronic Digital Songs charts . The chart 's first number one was `` Bad Romance '' by Lady Gaga in the January 23 , 2010 issue and Gaga 's songs spent so far ( as December , 2014 ) a total of 1025 weeks on the chart . The chart 's longest running number-one is `` Bulletproof '' by La Roux , reigning at the lead position for 18 consecutive weeks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71879b0f5853cf4c8f457ac25cfeda65", "text": "The Hills (song) `` The Hills '' is a song by Canadian singer The Weeknd . It was released on May 27 , 2015 as the second single from his second studio album , Beauty Behind the Madness ( 2015 ) . `` The Hills '' was a critical success , appearing on several year-end lists . In the singer 's native Canada , the song peaked at number one . In the United States it also reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 , replacing his own `` Ca n't Feel My Face '' . The song also made the top 10 in the United Kingdom , Ireland , Germany , Australia , and New Zealand . It reached the top 20 in Denmark and Sweden while reaching the top 40 in The Netherlands , Norway , and Switzerland . A music video for the song was released on May 27 , 2015 . It was directed by Grant Singer . Two official remixes of the song features rappers Eminem and Nicki Minaj .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc0b21e34c9e5087548659e5924ca779", "text": "Grand Hustle Records Grand Hustle Records ( formerly Grand Hustle Entertainment ) , also known as Hustle Gang Music , is an Atlanta , Georgia-based record label , founded in 2001 , by American hip hop recording artist T.I. and his business partner Jason Geter . Up until December 2012 , the label was distributed by Atlantic Records . It currently operates as an independent record label . The label is home to artists such as B.o.B , Young Dro , Trae tha Truth and Travis Scott , among others . The label also houses a roster of record producers , including DJ Toomp , Lil ' C , Mars , Nard & B , TrackSlayerz and more . The label has released 26 studio albums in total , with 13 of them being certified gold or higher , by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Additionally , the label has released five albums that reached number one on the US Billboard 200 chart , namely King ( 2006 ) , T.I. vs. T.I.P. ( 2007 ) , Paper Trail ( 2008 ) , The Adventures of Bobby Ray ( 2010 ) and Birds in the Trap Sing McKnight ( 2016 ) . Furthermore , Grand Hustle has released multiple top 40 hit singles , including `` Bring 'Em Out '' , `` What You Know '' , `` Shoulder Lean '' , `` Whatever You Like '' , `` Live Your Life '' , `` Dead and Gone '' , `` Nothin ' on You '' , `` Airplanes '' , `` Magic '' , `` Strange Clouds '' , `` So Good '' , `` Both of Us '' , `` Antidote '' and more .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de60f4054fc6c5fbd4b647b4cd0314f0", "text": "Migos discography The American hip hop group Migos has released two studio albums , one extended play ( EP ) , twelve mixtapes and nineteen singles ( including eight as a featured artist ) . On July 31 , 2015 , Migos released their debut studio album , Yung Rich Nation . On January 27 , 2017 , Migos released their second studio album , Culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "98a3d145e6f48110d5738dbc738998d9", "text": "Culture (Migos album) Culture ( stylized as C U L T U R E ) is the second studio album by American hip hop group Migos . It was released on January 27 , 2017 , by Quality Control Music , 300 Entertainment and Atlantic Records . The album features guest appearances from DJ Khaled , Gucci Mane , 2 Chainz , Travis Scott and Lil Uzi Vert , while the production was handled by Metro Boomin and Murda Beatz , among others . The album was supported by three singles : `` Bad and Boujee '' featuring Lil Uzi Vert , `` T-Shirt '' and `` Slippery '' featuring Gucci Mane . Culture received generally positive reviews from critics and debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 . It also topped the US Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart , becoming Migos ' first number one album on both charts . It also debuted at number one on the Canadian Albums Chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2435721d45e1b10ca6366e5a6c82f23", "text": "Point of No Return (Shareefa album) Point of No Return is the debut studio album from singer Shareefa and was released on October 24 , 2006 . It debuted at # 25 on the Billboard 200 with over 40,000 copies sold in its first week released .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "cb41aa785a6b3f6e3ba4ebc7c77cb4a6", "text": "Mike Myers Michael John `` Mike '' Myers ( born May 25 , 1963 ) is a Canadian-born actor , comedian , screenwriter , and film producer , who also holds UK and US citizenship . He is known for his run as a featured performer on Saturday Night Live from 1989 to 1995 , and for playing the title roles in the Wayne 's World , Austin Powers , and Shrek films . He also directed the documentary film Supermensch : The Legend of Shep Gordon , and had a small role in Quentin Tarantino 's Inglourious Basterds in 2009 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "bc5214bc17175ffaa5bd4584e4913fd6", "text": "Ted V. Mikels Ted V. Mikels ( born Theodore Vincent Mikacevich ; April 29 , 1929 -- October 16 , 2016 ) was an American independent filmmaker primarily of the horror cult film genre . Movies that he both produced and directed include Girl in Gold Boots ( 1968 ) , The Astro-Zombies ( 1968 ) , and The Doll Squad ( 1973 ) . During the 1960s and 1970s , Mikels also operated his own recording label , Geneni Records , which primarily issued radio spot advertisement records used to promote his various movie projects but also released a number of stand-alone singles by such artists as Vic Lance and Little Leon Payne .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c53d80fb018a8844de1207828f0405f", "text": "Barry Myers Barry Myers may refer to : Barry Myers ( baseball ) , American baseball coach Barry Myers ( director ) , English film director Barry Lee Myers , lawyer", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57a8612ca26bf4e5c09856080d5370a9", "text": "Dwight H. Little Dwight Hubbard Little ( born January 13 , 1956 in Cleveland , Ohio ) is an American film and television director , known for directing the films Marked for Death , Rapid Fire , Free Willy 2 : The Adventure Home , Murder at 1600 and Halloween 4 : The Return of Michael Myers . He has also directed several episodes of acclaimed television series such as 24 , Prison Break , Dollhouse , Bones and Nikita .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2c8316d3de34a5d7c410101e9daadf1", "text": "Michelan Sisti Michelan Sisti ( born May 27 , 1949 ) is a Puerto Rican-American actor , director , puppeteer , and musician who played Michelangelo in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles and its sequel Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles II : The Secret of the Ooze . Beforehand , he had an eighteen-year theatrical career including five Broadway shows . Since TMNT , Micha moved from New York City to Los Angeles and has continued to work with The Jim Henson Company , Walt Disney Studios , and scores of other movie and television productions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1972e12eead5122d73947a7d2bfa2f9d", "text": "Max Myers Max Myers is an American film director , screenwriter and novelist who has been active in Los Angeles since the mid-1990s . His first feature film , Do n't Let Go , won the Outstanding Directorial Achievement award at the 2002 Stony Brook Film Festival in New York , the Best Picture Award at the Westchester Film Festival ( NY ) and a Prism Award in Los Angeles . He was the writer of the feature film Irish Jam starring comedian Eddie Griffin and Anna Friel and has written a handful of violent crime novels including , Boysie Blake . The son of a German woman and an English Army officer , Myers was born in Iserlohn , Germany and lived in a large number of postings during his youth including South Australia and Gibraltar and eventually ended up in East London where he was an amateur boxer and musician thru his teens , then began working as a tour manager and sound mixer for European projects such as Manfred Mann , Mungo Jerry , Berlin Rock Ensemble , Moonraker and Wings ( band ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c8b768ffbbe2d25ca4e81d05b058785", "text": "Mike Cochrane Mike Cochrane is a musician and an actor . Cochrane played in bands such as Train , Shango and many other bands in the 1970s . Mike 's band Train was the `` House Band '' at Gazzarris on the Sunset Strip from 1971 through 1972 . This is where Mike met Edward James Olmos and Rick Vito , who were in a band called `` The Pacific Ocean '' . Mike also played on many recording sessions for Warner Bros. in the 70s and also played with Tim Bogert and Mickey McMeel in a power treo for a while . Mike also did his first acting job as a second engineer in the movie The Rose with Bette Midler and Alan Bates . In the 80 's , Mike continued to play in bands including , Exhibit A , The Zone , Craby Appleton ( With Michael Fennelly ) , Spencer Davis , UXB , Reach , and a couple of new versions of Train , as well as continuing to do studio work . Mike is now acting and can be seen on such shows as My Name Is Earl , Dexter , CSI : Crime Scene Investigation , The Riches , Monk , ER , Weeds , Moonlight , CSI : NY , and Flaked . He also can be seen in the movies Beerfest , Blades of Glory , Epic Movie , Spider-Man 3 , Hancock and Iron Man .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d65f227f1f17bee7711e6db90ba32de", "text": "Michael Shayne Michael `` Mike '' Shayne is a fictional private detective character created during the late 1930s by writer Brett Halliday . The character appeared in a series of seven films starring Lloyd Nolan for Twentieth Century Fox , four films from the low-budget Producers Releasing Corporation with Hugh Beaumont , a radio series under a variety of titles between 1944 and 1953 , and later in 1960 -- 1961 in a 32-episode NBC television series starring Richard Denning in the title role .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7877b447938751d8adde1b3c5d0aca8", "text": "The Incredibly Strange Creatures Who Stopped Living and Became Mixed-Up Zombies The Incredibly Strange Creatures Who Stopped Living and Became Mixed-Up Zombies ( sometimes '' !!? '' is appended to the title ) is a 1964 American monster movie written and directed by Ray Dennis Steckler . Steckler also starred in the film , billed under the pseudonym `` Cash Flagg '' . Upon release , the film was widely panned and is regarded by some critics as being one of the worst movies ever made . In the film , three friends visit a carnival and stumble into a group of occultists and disfigured monsters . Produced on a $ 38,000 budget , much of it takes place at The Pike amusement park in Long Beach , California , which resembles Brooklyn 's Coney Island . The film was billed as the first `` monster musical '' , beating out The Horror of Party Beach by a mere month in release date .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8", "text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f0c4b8075d2fcc25bf1ffc9a87378847", "text": "The Hustler (film) The Hustler is a 1961 American drama film directed by Robert Rossen from Walter Tevis 's 1959 novel of the same name , adapted for the screen by Rossen and Sidney Carroll . It tells the story of small-time pool hustler `` Fast Eddie '' Felson and his desire to break into the `` major league '' of professional hustling and high-stakes wagering by high-rollers that follows it . He throws his raw talent and ambition up against the best player in the country ; seeking to best the legendary pool player `` Minnesota Fats . '' After initially losing to Fats and getting involved with unscrupulous manager Bert Gordon , Eddie returns to try again , but only after paying a terrible personal price . The film was shot on location in New York City . It stars Paul Newman as `` Fast '' Eddie Felson , Jackie Gleason as Minnesota Fats , Piper Laurie as Sarah , and George C. Scott as Bert . The Hustler was a major critical and popular success , gaining a reputation as a modern classic . Its exploration of winning , losing , and character garnered a number of major awards ; it is also credited with helping to spark a resurgence in the popularity of pool . Real-life pool player Rudolf Wanderone , known at the time as `` New York Fats '' and `` Chicago Fats '' , claimed to be the real life inspiration for Gleason 's character , Minnesota Fats , and adopted the name as his own .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87461f1c496a6181f2361be6bc231069", "text": "Mike O'Brien (actor) Michael Patrick O'Brien ( born June 22 , 1976 ) , is an American actor , writer , and comedian , best known for his work as a writer and short filmmaker on Saturday Night Live .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "168c90fc76278aa26a5551b4fb6c581e", "text": "Black Sunday (1960 film) Black Sunday ( Italian : La maschera del demonio ) -- also known as The Mask of Satan and Revenge of the Vampire -- is a 1960 Italian gothic horror film directed by Mario Bava , from a screenplay by Ennio de Concini , Mario Serandrei and Marcello Coscia ( who was uncredited ) . The film stars Barbara Steele , John Richardson , Arturo Dominici and Ivo Garrani . It was Bava 's directorial debut , although he had completed several previous feature films without credit . Based very loosely on Nikolai Gogol 's short story `` Viy '' , the narrative concerns a witch who is put to death by her own brother , only to return 200 years later to seek revenge on her descendants . By the social standards of the 1960s , Black Sunday was considered unusually gruesome , and was banned in the UK until 1968 because of its violence . In the U.S. , some of the gore was censored , in-house , by the distributor American International Pictures before its theatrical release to the country 's cinemas , where it was shown as a double feature with Roger Corman 's The Little Shop of Horrors . Despite the censorship , Black Sunday was a worldwide critical and box office success , and launched the careers of director Mario Bava and movie star Barbara Steele . In 2004 , one of its sequences was voted number 40 among the `` 100 Scariest Movie Moments '' by the Bravo TV network .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a9abce9e47542ed6826b33c99005d757", "text": "Myers House Myers House may refer to : in the United States ( by state ) Myers House ( Helena-West Helena , Arkansas ) , listed on the NRHP in Arkansas Socrates A. Myers House , Salmon , ID , listed on the NRHP in Idaho Witt-Champe-Myers House , Dublin , IN , listed on the NRHP in Indiana Stephen and Harriet Myers House , Albany , NY , listed on the NRHP in New York Myers-Hicks Place , Byhalia , MS , listed on the NRHP in Mississippi John B. Myers House and Barn , Florissant , MO , listed on the NRHP in Missouri George J. Myers House , Kansas City , MO , listed on the NRHP in Missouri Myers-Masker House , Midland Park , NJ , listed on the NRHP in New Jersey Myers-White House , Bethel , NC , listed on the NRHP in North Carolina Myers Hall ( Springfield , Ohio ) , listed on the NRHP in Ohio Moses Myers House , Norfolk , VA , listed on the NRHP in Virginia Tucker House and Myers House , Washington , D.C. , listed on the NRHP in Washington , D.C. Myers House ( Martinsburg , West Virginia ) , listed on the NRHP in West Virginia Myers-Newhoff House , Janesville , WI , listed on the NRHP in Wisconsin Myers House , located in the fictional town of Haddonfield , Illinois . It was the childhood residence of the main character Michael Myers in the Halloween ( 1978 film ) which was directed by John Carpenter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02ddbec1ea8fbb09b6950a01b216edbe", "text": "Halloween (The Office) `` Halloween '' is the fifth episode of the second season of the American comedy television series The Office , and the show 's eleventh episode overall . It was written by executive producer and showrunner Greg Daniels and was directed by Paul Feig . The episode first aired on NBC in the United States on October 18 , 2005 . Guest stars in this episode included Devon Abner , Hugh Dane , George Gaus , Annabelle Kopack , Ava Nisbet and Alec Zbornak . The series depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton , Pennsylvania branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company . In this episode , the employees at Dunder Mifflin celebrate Halloween at the office . Michael Scott ( Steve Carell ) struggles with making the decision of whom to fire . Meanwhile , Jim Halpert ( John Krasinski ) and Pam Beesly ( Jenna Fischer ) post Dwight Schrute 's ( Rainn Wilson ) resume on the internet . Due to the Halloween concept of the episode , the cast members of The Office were allowed to wear costumes rather than their `` usual , realistically plain suits '' . B. J. Novak , writer for the series as well as actor , called the experience `` fun '' . The episode features the last on-screen appearance of the background character Devon until the series finale . The episode earned a Nielsen rating of 4.1 in the 18 -- 49 demographic and was viewed by 8 million viewers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "943cb6b281f049169842bbdec445ec6c", "text": "Wired (film) Wired is a 1989 biographical film of comedian and actor John Belushi , directed by Larry Peerce , and adapted from the investigative journalism book Wired : The Short Life and Fast Times of John Belushi written by Washington Post journalist Bob Woodward and published in 1984 . It starred Michael Chiklis in his film debut as Belushi . Wired was both a critical and a commercial failure . The film has never been released on DVD , and the videocassette originally released by International Video Entertainment is out of print . The film was marketed with the tagline `` For John Belushi , every night was Saturday Night '' . The film 's trailer opted for the tagline `` The laughs and times of John Belushi '' , paraphrasing the title of Woodward 's book .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b33cf3bfdbde0c139ada1356c0c91b1", "text": "Sin City (film) Sin City ( also known as Frank Miller 's Sin City ) is a 2005 American neo-noir crime anthology film written , produced , and directed by Frank Miller and Robert Rodriguez . It is based on Miller 's graphic novel of the same name . Much of the film is based on the first , third and fourth books in Miller 's original comic series . The Hard Goodbye is about a man who embarks on a brutal rampage in search of his one-time sweetheart 's killer , killing anyone , even the police , that gets in his way of finding and killing her murderer . The Big Fat Kill focuses on an everyman getting caught in a street war between a group of prostitutes and a group of mercenaries , the police and the mob . That Yellow Bastard follows an aging police officer who protects a young woman from a grotesquely disfigured serial killer . The intro and outro of the film are based on the short story `` The Customer is Always Right '' , which is collected in Booze , Broads & Bullets , the sixth book in the comic series . The film stars an ensemble cast led by Jessica Alba , Benicio del Toro , Brittany Murphy , Clive Owen , Mickey Rourke , Bruce Willis , and Elijah Wood , and featuring Alexis Bledel , Michael Clarke Duncan , Rosario Dawson , Carla Gugino , Rutger Hauer , Jaime King , Michael Madsen , and Nick Stahl , among others . Sin City opened to wide critical and commercial success , gathering particular recognition for the film 's unique color processing , which rendered most of the film in black and white but retained or added coloring for selected objects . The film was screened at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival in competition and won the Technical Grand Prize for the film 's `` visual shaping '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20e05902ce2f2de46d2e6c0131e45c0f", "text": "Michael Fassbender filmography Michael Fassbender is a German-Irish actor who made his screen debut in the 2001 war drama miniseries Band of Brothers as Sgt. Burton `` Pat '' Christenson . Fassbender followed this with a number of television roles including a German motorcycle courier in the drama Hearts and Bones ( 2001 ) , Guy Fawkes in the miniseries Gunpowder , Treason & Plot ( 2004 ) , Lt. Harry Colebourn in the film A Bear Named Winnie ( 2004 ) , and Azazeal in the series Hex ( 2004 -- 05 ) . He made his film debut playing a Spartan soldier in Zack Snyder 's 300 ( 2007 ) . The following year Fassbender portrayed Irish republican Bobby Sands during the events of the 1981 Irish hunger strike in Steve McQueen 's historical drama Hunger . His performance garnered him the Best Actor award at the British Independent Film Awards , and the Irish Film and Television Awards . Fassbender appeared as a British soldier in Quentin Tarantino-directed film Inglourious Basterds ( 2009 ) . Two years later , he played Carl Jung in David Cronenberg 's A Dangerous Method , and a man suffering with sex addiction in McQueen 's Shame . His performance in the latter earned him the Volpi Cup for Best Actor at the Venice Film Festival . In the same year he also appeared in superhero film X-Men : First Class as Magneto . In 2013 , Fassbender reteamed with McQueen on the period drama 12 Years a Slave . For his role as a slave owner in the film he received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . The following year , he reprised his role as Magneto in the superhero sequel X-Men : Days of Future Past which grossed a box-office total of over $ 747 million -- his highest grossing release as of April 2016 . In 2015 , he appeared as the title character in Justin Kurzel 's film adaptation of the play Macbeth . In the same year , Fassbender 's portrayal of Steve Jobs in Danny Boyle 's eponymous film garnered him a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1333396c5c79152a8a6bf303e0e30095", "text": "The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (2003 film) The Texas Chainsaw Massacre is a 2003 American slasher film , and a remake of The Texas Chain Saw Massacre . The fifth entry in the Texas Chainsaw Massacre franchise , the film was directed by Marcus Nispel , written by Scott Kosar , and produced by Michael Bay . It was also co-produced by Kim Henkel and Tobe Hooper , co-creators of the original 1974 film . TCM is the first of many horror remakes to come from Michael Bay 's Platinum Dunes production company which also released the remakes The Amityville Horror , The Hitcher , Friday the 13th , and A Nightmare on Elm Street . Though met with negative reception from critics , the film was well received by fans , and grossed $ 107 million worldwide above its $ 9.5 million budget , making it a strong financial success . A prequel was released in 2006 , titled The Texas Chainsaw Massacre : The Beginning .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2748f5b1c1e670d57e11a8f4f4b13963", "text": "Michael Schultz Michael Schultz ( born November 10 , 1938 ) is an American director and producer of film and television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed4d5ddec16efa85820897c709e5b629", "text": "Paul Michael Paul Michael ( August 15 , 1926 -- July 8 , 2011 ) was an American actor . He was a regular guest star on American television appearing in Kojak , Hill Street Blues , Alias , Gilmore Girls and Frasier among others . He played a cop in the Hollywood movie Batman . He also played King Johnny Romano on Dark Shadows . He was also in movies such as `` Mask of the Red Death '' and made for TV movie , `` Where There 's a Will '' . He did many plays with his sweetheart , Marion Ross . They traveled together doing plays like `` The Last Great Romance '' among others . He was best known for his appearances on Broadway where he frequently played Zorba , Tevia in `` Fiddler on the Roof '' and the barber in `` The Man of La Mancha '' . He danced in `` Bells are Ringing '' with Vivian Leigh .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "e3e3d9ef8575f452e06dc87b67d08c57", "text": "Afghanistan Afghanistan ( -LSB- æfˈɡænᵻstæn -RSB- Pashto/Dari : , Afġānistān ) , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan , is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia . It has a population of 33 million , making it the 42nd most populous country in the world . It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east ; Iran in the west ; Turkmenistan , Uzbekistan , and Tajikistan in the north ; and China in the far northeast . Its territory covers 652,000 km2 , making it the 41st largest country in the world . Human habitation in Afghanistan dates back to the Middle Paleolithic Era , and the country 's strategic location along the Silk Road connected it to the cultures of the Middle East and other parts of Asia . Through the ages the land has been home to various peoples and witnessed numerous military campaigns , notably by Alexander the Great , Mauryas , Muslim Arabs , Mongols , British , Soviet , and in the modern era by Western powers . The land also served as the source from which the Kushans , Hephthalites , Samanids , Saffarids , Ghaznavids , Ghorids , Khiljis , Mughals , Hotaks , Durranis , and others have risen to form major empires . The political history of the modern state of Afghanistan began with the Hotak and Durrani dynasties in the 18th century . In the late 19th century , Afghanistan became a buffer state in the `` Great Game '' between British India and the Russian Empire . Following the Third Anglo-Afghan War in 1919 , King Amanullah unsuccessfully attempted to modernize the country . It remained peaceful during Zahir Shah 's forty years of monarchy . A series of coups in the 1970s was followed by a series of civil wars that devastated much of Afghanistan and continues to this day . Afghanistan is a unitary presidential Islamic republic with Islam as an official state religion . It is a member of the United Nations , the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation , the Group of 77 , the Economic Cooperation Organization , and the Non-Aligned Movement . The country 's economy is ranked 108th in the world with the GDP of $ 64.08 billion .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f26bedcc6157a605ae0a82cbe6b41d38", "text": "Kabul River The Kabul River , the classical Cophes -LSB- ˈkoʊfiːz -RSB- , is a 700 km long river that emerges in the Sanglakh Range of the Hindu Kush mountains in Afghanistan and empties into the Indus River near Attock , Pakistan . It is the main river in eastern Afghanistan and is separated from the watershed of the Helmand by the Unai Pass . The Kabul River passes through the cities of Kabul and Jalalabad in Afghanistan before flowing into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan some 25 km north of the Durand Line border crossing at Torkham . The major tributaries of the Kabul River are the Logar , Panjshir , Kunar , Alingar , Bara and Swat rivers . The Kabul River is little more than a trickle for most of the year , but swells in summer due to melting snows in the Hindu Kush Range . Its largest tributary is the Kunar River , which starts out as the Mastuj River , flowing from the Chiantar glacie in Brughil valley in Chitral , Pakistan and after flowing south into Afghanistan it is met by the Bashgal river flowing from Nurestan . The Kunar meets the Kabul near Jalalabad . In spite of the Kunar carrying more water than the Kabul , the river continues as the Kabul River after this confluence , mainly for the political and historical significance of the name . The Kabul River is impounded by several dams . The Naghlu , Surobi , and Darunta dams are located in Kabul and Nangarhar provinces of Afghanistan . The Warsak Dam is in Pakistan , approximately 20 km northwest of the city of Peshawar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "edcc69e30b47726838ecfd5080258dad", "text": "Second Anglo-Afghan War The Second Anglo -- Afghan War ( Pashto : د افغان-انګرېز دويمه جګړه ) was fought between the British Raj and the Emirate of Afghanistan from 1878 to 1880 , when the latter was ruled by Sher Ali Khan of the Barakzai dynasty , the son of former Emir Dost Mohammad Khan . This was the second time British India invaded Afghanistan . The war ended after the British emerged victorious against the Afghan rebels and the Afghans agreed to let the British attain all of their geopolitical objectives from the Treaty of Gandamak . Most of the British and Indian soldiers withdrew from Afghanistan . The Afghan tribes were permitted to maintain internal rule and local customs but they had to cede control of the area 's foreign relations to the British , who , in turn , guaranteed the area 's freedom from foreign military domination . This was aimed to thwart expansion by the Russian Empire into India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de71f32919585ea2c088a9be835ebcd0", "text": "Sahira Sharif Sahira Sharif ( also spelled Saira Sharif ) is an Afghan politicians who was elected to represent Khost Province in Afghanistan 's Wolesi Jirga , the lower house of its National Legislature , in 2005 . A report on Khost prepared at the Navy Postgraduate School stated that she `` was possibly associated with Hezb-e Islami '' . A member of the Pashtun ethnic group , she attended University and may have had a Master 's degree . As a member of parliament , she sat on the Education Committee . A former Hezb-e Islami leader , she presented herself in 2005 as an independent candidate , and was believed to support the Hamid Karzai administration . She is described as a women 's rights activist . During the 2009 presidential election , she supported Ashraf Ghani . In the 2010 Afghan Parliamentary Elections , she ran in Khost province as an independent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42726895f84108e9c6f77668669f0fb0", "text": "National Revolutionary Party of Afghanistan National Revolutionary Party ( Pashto : حزب انقلاب ملی Hezb Enqilab Mile ) was a political party in Afghanistan . The party was founded in 1974 by President Mohammed Daoud Khan , who had seized control of Afghanistan from his cousin , King Zahir , in a bloodless coup on July 17 , 1973 . The party was formed in an attempt by Daoud to garner support and grassroots backing for his republican regime . Daoud also intended the party to undermine support in Afghanistan for the communists , who had actually helped him come to power in 1973 . To this end , the party sought to be an umbrella organization for all of the factions of the progressive movement in Afghanistan . In order to help the party in its attempt to garner support , all other political parties were banned . The party was run by a central committee which comprised Maj. Gen. Ghulam Haidar Rasuli ; Defense Minister , Sayyid Abd Ullah ; Finance Minister , Dr. Abd Ul Majid ; and Professor Abd Ul Quyyum . The party did not survive the Saur Revolution in April 1978 , which saw the overthrow and death of Daoud and his family , and the rise to power of the communist People 's Democratic Party of Afghanistan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28e8448401462b57821983d8073df218", "text": "Civilian casualties in the war in Afghanistan (2001–2014) During the war in Afghanistan ( 2001 -- 14 ) , over 26,000 civilian deaths due to war-related violence have been documented ; 29,900 civilians have been wounded . Over 91,000 Afghans , including civilians , soldiers and militants , are recorded to have been killed in the conflict , and the number who have died through indirect causes related to the war may include an additional 360,000 people . These numbers do not include those who have died in Pakistan . The war , launched by the United States as `` Operation Enduring Freedom '' in 2001 , began with an initial air campaign that almost immediately prompted concerns over the number of Afghan civilians being killed as well as international protests . With civilian deaths from airstrikes rising again in recent years , the number of Afghan civilians being killed by foreign military operations has led to mounting tension between the foreign countries and the government of Afghanistan . In May 2007 , President Hamid Karzai summoned foreign military commanders to warn them of the consequences of further Afghan civilian deaths . The civilian losses are a continuation of the extremely high civilian losses experienced during the Soviet War in Afghanistan in the 1980s , and the three periods of civil war following it : 1989 -- 1992 , 1992 -- 1996 , and 1996 -- 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b6a97184272146726f82ef11969f48d", "text": "Restoration of Tahmasp II to the Safavid throne The Restoration of Tahmasp II to the Safavid throne took place in the latter part of 1729 by a series of battles fought between Nader , Tahmasp 's commander-in-chief and Ashraf Hotaki . Despite nominally bringing Tahmasp to the seat of power , true authority still rested with Nader who had ever since the debacle in northern Khorasan managed to seize Tahmasp II as his vassal . As for Afghan rule , the Ghilzai Afghans were ejected from the Iranian Plateau permanently and in the following years were re-annexed by Nader whence they were once again absorbed into the Persian empire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d337074f50f548eda94d37e2171aa30a", "text": "Ibrahim Shah Suri Ibrahim Shah Suri was the fifth ruler of Sur dynasty , a Pashtun ( Afghan ) dynasty of late medieval northern India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "298db7eb283a8aefbeb58276c9df5ba0", "text": "Sufi Dynasty The Sufid dynasty was a Turkic dynasty that ruled in Khwarezm , in the Amu Darya river delta . Although the dynasty 's independence was short-lived ( c. 1361 -- 1379 ) , its later members continued to rule Khwarezm intermittently as governors of the Timurid Empire until the takeover of Khwarezm by the Shaybanid Uzbeks in 1505 . Unlike earlier dynasties that ruled from Khwarezm , the Sufids never used the title of Khwarezmshah .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b225d9cde623debfe5ffbc562bcfd71a", "text": "South Khorasan Province South Khorasan Province ( استان خراسان جنوبی Ostān-e Khorāsān-e Jonūbī ) is a province located in eastern Iran . Birjand is the centre of the province . The other major cities are Ferdows , Tabas and Qaen . In 2014 , it was placed in Region 5 . This new province , is but the old Quhistan which was included into greater Khorasan in the Iranian administrative planning . However , historically Qohistan forms a separate entity , with a distinct culture , history , environment and ecology . South Khorasan is one of the three provinces that were created after the division of Khorasan in 2004 . While at the beginning , the newly created `` South Khorasan '' included only Birjand County and some new counties detached from that county ( i.e. Nehbandan , Darmian and Sarbisheh ) , in subsequent years , all northern and western cities and territories of the old Quhistan ( such as Qaen , Ferdows and Tabas ) have been annexed into the South Khorasan . South Khorasan Province consists of 11 counties : Birjand , Ferdows , Tabas , Qaen , Nehbandan , Darmian , Sarbisheh , Boshruyeh , Sarayan , Zirkouh and Khusf .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6976e87f2896b3287c98ff5be0cc6727", "text": "Khost Province Khost is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan , located in the eastern part of the country next to Pakistan 's Federally Administered Tribal Areas ( FATA ) . Khost province used to be part of Paktia province in the past . The city of Khost serves as the capital of Khost province . The population of the province is around 546,800 , which is mostly a tribal society . Khost Airport serves the province for domestic flights to Afghanistan 's capital , Kabul .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed3b55c705941a6f9a7f8e0f4da05b71", "text": "Balkh Province Balkh ( Persian and Pashto : بلخ , Balx ) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan , located in the north of the country . It is divided into 15 districts and has a population of about 1,245,100 , which is multi-ethnic and mostly a Persian-speaking society . The city of Mazar-i-Sharif serves as the capital of the province . The Mazar-e Sharif International Airport and Camp Marmal sit on the eastern edge of Mazar-i-Sharif . The name of the province is derived from the ancient city of Balkh , near the modern town . Home to the famous blue mosque , it was once destroyed by Genghis Khan but later rebuilt by Timur . The city of Mazar-e-Sharif has been an important stop on the trade routes from the Far East to the Middle East , the Mediterranean and Europe . The city of Balkh and the area of Balkh Province was considered a part of various historical regions in history including Ariana and Greater Khorasan . It serves today as Afghanistan 's second but main gateway to Central Asia , the other being Shir Khan Bandar in neighboring Kunduz Province .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50f3db336a2dabbc05483d1742818c24", "text": "History of Afghanistan The written history of Afghanistan , ( تاریخ افغانستان د افغانستان تاريخ can be traced back to around 500 BCE when the area was under the Achaemenid Empire , although evidence indicates that an advanced degree of urbanized culture has existed in the land since between 3000 and 2000 BCE . The Indus Valley Civilisation stretched up to large parts of Afghanistan in the north , with several sites being known . Alexander the Great and his Macedonian army arrived at what is now Afghanistan in 330 BCE after conquering Persia during the Battle of Gaugamela . Since then , many empires have established capitals inside Afghanistan , including the Greco-Bactrians , Mauryas , Kushans , Hindu Shahi , Saffarids , Samanids , Ghaznavids , Ghurids , Timurids , Mughals , Hotakis and Durranis . Afghanistan ( meaning `` land of the Afghans '' ) has been a strategically important location throughout history . The land served as `` a gateway to India , impinging on the ancient Silk Road , which carried trade from the Mediterranean to China '' . Sitting on many trade and migration routes , Afghanistan may be called the ` Central Asian roundabout ' since routes converge from the Middle East , from the Indus Valley through the passes over the Hindu Kush , from the Far East via the Tarim Basin , and from the adjacent Eurasian Steppe . The archaeological manifestation of the Indo-Iranians ( Aryans ) before their split into separate language groups is generally seen as the Andronovo culture to the north of present-day Afghanistan . The Iranian languages were developed by one branch of these people ; the Pashto language spoken today in Afghanistan is one of the Eastern Iranian languages . Elena E. Kuz ` mina argues that the tents of Iranian-speaking nomads of Afghanistan developed from the light surface houses of the Eurasian steppe belt in the Bronze Age . The Arab invasions influenced the culture of Afghanistan , and its pre-Islamic period of Zoroastrian , Macedonian , Buddhist and Hindu past has long vanished . Turkic empire-builders such as the Ghaznavids and Timurids made the region now called Afghanistan of major importance . Mirwais Hotak followed by Ahmad Shah Durrani unified Afghan tribes and founded the last Afghan Empire in the early 18th century CE . Afghanistan 's sovereignty has been held during the Anglo-Afghan Wars , the 1980s Soviet war , and the 2001-present war by the country 's many and diverse people : the Pashtuns , Tajiks , Hazaras , Uzbeks , Turkmen , Aimak , Baloch and others . The Pashtuns form the largest group , claiming to be descendants of ancient Israelites or Qais Abdur Rashid but scholars believe that they are a confederation of various peoples from the past who united under Pashtunwali .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "928c8b7fcbc96b19ac64aef9e0fbf405", "text": "Dabuyid dynasty The Dabuyid or Gaubarid Dynasty was a Zoroastrian Iranian dynasty that started in the early seventh century as an independent group of rulers , reigning over Tabaristan and parts of western Khorasan . Dabuyid rule over Tabaristan and Khorasan lasted from ca . AD 642 to the Abbasid conquest in 760 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb70bbaa410f7e578cb19dfdb91840c8", "text": "Sajid dynasty The Sajid dynasty , was an Islamic dynasty that ruled from 889-890 until 929 . Sajids ruled Azerbaijan and parts Armenia first from Maragha and Barda and then from Ardabil . The Sajids originated from the Central Asian province of Ushrusana and were of Iranian ( Sogdians ) descent . Muhammad ibn Abi ` l-Saj Diwdad the son of Diwdad , the first Sajid ruler of Azerbaijan , was appointed as its ruler in 889 or 890 . Muhammad 's father Abi ` l-Saj Devdad had fought under the Ushrusanan prince Afshin Khaydar during the latter 's final campaign against the rebel Babak Khorramdin in Azerbaijan , and later served the caliphs . Toward the end of the 9th century , as the central authority of the Abbasid Caliphate weakened , Muhammad was able to form a virtually independent state . Much of the Sajids ' energies were spent in attempting to take control of neighboring Armenia . The dynasty ended with the death of Abu ` l-Musafir al-Fath in 929 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6fb2053e1aa701418368a8db79a5c8f6", "text": "Kharoti Kharoti ( Pashto : خروټی ) is a Pashtun tribe of Ghilji origin based in parts of Afghanistan and Pakistan . Many of the Kharoti have business in gulf countries and Pakistan . They have an estimated population of about 5.5 million , making it one of , if not the largest tribes in Afghanistan , Pakistan with significant territory throughout eastern and south-eastern Afghanistan . There are major Kharoti populations in the Paktika districts of Urgun , Barmal , Sar Hawza , Zarghun Shahr , Omna , Surobi and Gomal . The Kharoti also have a strong presence in balochistan , dera ismail khan and karachi and Ghazni , Zabul , Paktia , Khost , Logar , Wardak , Kabul , Nangarhar and Helmand .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3f7a5ff6816551e4c55e72969a5e9f5", "text": "Punjab, Pakistan Punjab ( Urdu , Punjabi : , panj-āb , `` five waters '' : ) , is Pakistan 's second largest province by area after Balochistan , and its most populous province with an estimated population of 101,391,000 as of 2015 . It is bordered by Sindh , Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , as well as the regions of Islamabad Capital Territory and the Azad Kashmir . It also shares borders with the Indian states of Punjab , Rajasthan , and Jammu and Kashmir . The provincial capital of Punjab is the city Lahore , a cultural centre of Pakistan where the country 's cinema industry , and much of its fashion industry , are based . Punjab has been inhabited since ancient times . The Indus Valley Civilization , dating to 2600 BCE , was first discovered at Harappa . Punjab features heavily in the Hindu epic poem , the Mahabharata , and is home to Taxila , site of what is considered by many to be the oldest university in the world . In 326 BCE , Alexander the Great defeated King Porus at the Battle of the Hydaspes near Mong , Punjab . The Umayyad empire conquered Punjab in the 8th century CE . Punjab was later invaded by Tamerlane , Babur , and Nader Shah . Punjab reached the height of its splendour during the reign of the Mughal Empire , which for a time ruled from Lahore . Following a successful rebellion , Sikh-led armies claimed Lahore in 1759 . The administration of the Sikh Empire was based out of Lahore , until its defeat by the British . Punjab was central to the independence movements of both India and Pakistan , with Lahore being site of both the Declaration of Indian Independence , and the resolution calling for the establishment of Pakistan . The province was formed when the Punjab province of British India was divided along religious boundaries in 1947 by the Radcliffe Line after Partition . Punjab is Pakistan 's most industrialised province with the industrial sector making up 24 % of the province 's gross domestic product . Punjab is known in Pakistan for its relative prosperity , and has the lowest rate of poverty amongst all Pakistani provinces . A clear divide is present between the northern and southern portions of the province ; with poverty rates in prosperous northern Punjab amongst the lowest in Pakistan , while some in south Punjab are amongst the most impoverished . Punjab is also one of South Asia 's most urbanized regions with approximately 40 % of people living in urban areas . Its human development index rankings are high relative to the rest of Pakistan . Punjab is known in Pakistan for its relatively liberal social attitudes . The province has been strongly influenced by Sufism , with numerous Sufi shrines spread across Punjab which attract millions of devotees annually . The founder of the Sikh faith , Guru Nanak , was born in the Punjab town of Nankana Sahib near Lahore . Punjab is also the site of the Katasraj Temple , which features prominently in Hindu mythology . Several UNESCO World Heritage Sites are located in Punjab , including the Shalimar Gardens , the Lahore Fort , the archeological excavations at Taxila , and the Rohtas Fort .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57e6d55aa82370fec71d35238341d8a2", "text": "National Directorate of Security The National Directorate of Security ( NDS ) is the primary intelligence agency of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd229b416818b0d403d46d02790befe8", "text": "Habibullah Khan Habibullah Khan ( June 3 , 1872 -- February 20 , 1919 ) was the Emir of Afghanistan from 1901 until 1919 . He was born in Samarkand , Uzbekistan , the eldest son of the Emir Abdur Rahman Khan , whom he succeeded by right of primogeniture in October 1901 . Habibullah was a relatively reform-minded ruler who attempted to modernize his country . During his reign he worked to bring modern medicine and other technology to Afghanistan . In 1903 , Habibullah founded the Habibia school as well as a military academy . He also worked to put in place progressive reforms in his country . He instituted various legal reforms and repealed many of the harshest criminal penalties . But one of his chief advisers Abdul Lateef was sentenced to death in 1903 for apostasy . He was stoned to death in Kabul . Other reforms included the dismantling of the repressive internal intelligence organization that had been put in place by his father . He strictly maintained the country 's neutrality in World War I , despite strenuous efforts by the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and a German military mission ( Niedermayer -- Hentig Expedition ) to enlist Afghanistan on its side . He also greatly reduced tensions with British India , signing a treaty of friendship in 1905 and paying an official state visit in 1907 . Habibullah was assassinated while on a hunting trip at Laghman Province on February 20 , 1919 . His brother Nasrullah Khan briefly succeeded him as Emir and held power for a week between February 21 and February 28 , 1919 , before being ousted and imprisoned by Amanullah Khan , Habibullah 's third son .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "496e115fd62f17f638ace9f3c27892df", "text": "Waheedullah Sabawoon Wahidullah Sabawoon is a citizen of Afghanistan who has held a variety of political and military offices . According to the Asia Times he served as a leader under Gulbuddin Hekmatyar , the founder and leader of the Hezbi Islami Gulbuddin . The report stated that he was arrested in late 2001 , when he `` called a meeting of about 150 `` Islamic-minded '' commanders in Kabul to determine the role of Islamic forces in the post-Taliban period . '' Hamid Karzai later appointed Sabawoon to his cabinet .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4857eadb9915b96c3e73a7c510b1e6b", "text": "Mughal–Safavid War (1649–53) The Mughal -- Safavid War of 1649 -- 1653 was fought between the Mughal and Safavid empires in the territory of modern Afghanistan . The war began after a Persian army , while the Mughals were at war with the Janid Uzbeks , captured the fortress city of Kandahar and other strategic cities that controlled the region . The Mughals attempted unsuccessfully to regain the city .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "21bcbaaeffa00edf048796c6a8efa535", "text": "Portia de Rossi Portia Lee James DeGeneres ( born Amanda Lee Rogers ; January 31 , 1973 ) , also known professionally as Portia de Rossi ( -LSB- ˈpɔərʃə_də_ˈrɒsi -RSB- ) , is an Australian and American actress , model , and philanthropist . She appeared as a regular cast member on the American political thriller television series Scandal in the role of Elizabeth North from 2014 to 2017 . She is also known for her roles as lawyer Nelle Porter on the American television series Ally McBeal -- for which she won a Screen Actors Guild Award in 1999 -- and as Lindsay Fünke on the American television sitcom Arrested Development . She also portrayed Veronica Palmer on the ABC television sitcom Better Off Ted , and Olivia Lord on the television drama Nip/Tuck . De Rossi is married to comedian and television host Ellen DeGeneres .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b08c2476182dce4dc8ee440de17ff953", "text": "Cinzia Massironi Cinzia Massironi ( born October 28 , 1966 in Legnano ) is an Italian voice actress and actress . She is a cousin of the actress Marina Massironi . Massironi lent her voice to many Italian versions of cartoon or anime characters ( both female and male ) , such as Dan Kuso in Bakugan Battle Brawlers , Caska in Berserk , Daichi in Beyblade G-Revolution , Chun Lee in Beyblade : Metal Masters , Li Syaoran in Card Captor Sakura , Mitsuhiko Tsuburaya in Detective Conan , Comet in Princess Comet , Laura and Videl in Dragon Ball , Haku in Naruto , Clancy Kanuka in Patlabor : The TV Series , Lady Kale in Princess Gwenevere and the Jewel Riders , and Jaden Yuki in the second season of Yu-Gi-Oh ! GX . In the field of video games , Massironi has lent her voice to Catwoman and Talia al Ghul in Batman : Arkham City , Lana Lei in Death by Degrees , Emily in Dishonored , Lachesis in God of War II , Hermione Granger in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows - Part 1 , Michelle Chiang in Jet Li : Rise to Honor , female version of Commander Shepard in the Mass Effect series , Wonder Woman and Kitana in Mortal Kombat vs. DC Universe , Luke and Flora in the series Professor Layton , Talwyn Apogee in Ratchet & Clank : Tools of Destruction , Ingrid Hunnigan in Resident Evil 6 , Lily in Vampire : The Masquerade - Redemption , and others . Among the live-action film roles that Massironi dubbed in Italian are these of Rebecca De Mornay in The Shining and Alex Murrel in Laguna Beach : The Real Orange County . Massironi is also a theatrical actress , and participated in the film Ask Me If I 'm Happy ( Chiedimi se sono felice ) in the role of Francesca in 2000 and starred in the first part of the episodic film Il Cosmo sul comò in 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "644c28c10b65406341be87bac1818172", "text": "Silvani Silvani is a surname of Italian origin . There are approximately 1516 people with the surname in Italy , the largest number in Emilia Romagna , in Bagno di Romagna , Sarsina , Bologna , and Pieve Santo Stefano , near Arezzo , Tuscany . A considerable number is found in Milan . There are approximately 300 Silvani in France , 350 in USA and 24 in the UK . The surname derives from SILVA , FOREST , and could have been used by the Romans to refer to their slaves that had Transylvanian origin ( Romania/Hungary ) The name refers to : Al Silvani ( 1910 -- 1996 ) , American boxing trainer , actor , and stunt man Aldo Silvani ( 1891 -- 1964 ) , Italian film actor Gherardo Silvani ( 1579 -- 1675 ) , Florentine architect and sculptor of the Baroque era who built Villa di Uligliano also in Tuscany , Pier Francesco Silvani ( 1620 -- 1685 ) , Florentine architect of the Baroque era Walter Silvani ( 11 May 1971 ) Argentinian Football Player Fictional characters Marco Silvani , character on Australian soap opera Neighbours Signorina Silvani and accountant Ugo Fantozzi , a fictional character Written by Paolo Villaggio for the Italian Television", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4b1e6871c0440fbebe3d402d37eb0c81", "text": "De Rossi De Rossi is an Italian surname , and may refer to : Alessandra De Rossi , Philippine actress Assunta De Rossi , Philippine actress Azariah dei Rossi , an Italian-Jewish physician and scholar Bernardo de Rossi , Italian theologian and historian Bernardo de ' Rossi , Italian bishop Daniele De Rossi , Italian footballer Fabrizio De Rossi , a fictional character in the 1997 film Titanic Giovan Antonio de ' Rossi , ( 1616 -- 1695 ) , Italian architect of the Baroque Giovanni Battista de Rossi , 19th-century Italian archaeologist Giovanni Bernardo De Rossi , 19th-century Italian Christian Hebraist Mattia de Rossi , ( 1637 -- 1695 ) , Italian architect of the Baroque Properzia de ' Rossi , Italian Renaissance sculptor Portia de Rossi , Australian actress Saint Giovanni Battista de Rossi , 18th-century Roman priest", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b23a1c860d1788e22b6cc5a9a0208085", "text": "Roberto Devereux Roberto Devereux ( or Roberto Devereux , ossia Il conte di Essex -LSB- Robert Devereux , or the Earl of Essex -RSB- ) is a tragedia lirica , or tragic opera , by Gaetano Donizetti . Salvadore Cammarano wrote the Italian libretto after François Ancelot 's tragedy Elisabeth d'Angleterre ( 1829 ) , and based as well on the Historie secrete des amours d'Elisabeth et du comte d'Essex ( 1787 ) by Jacques Lescéne des Maisons , although Devereux was the subject of at least two other French plays : Le Comte d'Essex by Thomas Corneille and Le Comte d'Essex by Gauthier de Costes , seigneur de la Calprenède . The opera is loosely based on the life of Robert Devereux , 2nd Earl of Essex , an influential member of the court of Queen Elizabeth I of England . The plot of Roberto Devereux was hardly original , mainly derived from Felice Romani 's libretto Il Conte d'Essex of 1833 , originally set by Saverio Mercadante . Romani 's widow charged Cammarano with plagiarism , although the practice of stealing plots was very common between rival Italian opera houses . It is one of a number of operas by Donizetti which deal with the Tudor period in English history and include Anna Bolena ( named for Henry VIII 's second wife , Anne Boleyn ) , Maria Stuarda ( named for Mary , Queen of Scots ) and Il castello di Kenilworth . The lead female characters of the operas Anna Bolena , Maria Stuarda , and Elisabetta are often referred to as the `` Three Donizetti Queens . '' They earned some degree of fame in the 1970s , when the American soprano Beverly Sills promoted them as a series at New York City Opera . It has been noted that , `` although the plot plays fast and loose with history , the opera carries its own brand of dramatic conviction '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "125a3ef249860ac31b7b6a83d8cc51f3", "text": "Caroline Unger Caroline Unger ( sometimes `` Ungher '' ; 28 October 1803 -- 23 March 1877 ) was an Austro-Hungarian contralto , alternatively known as Karoline , Carolina , and Carlotta . Born in Vienna ( or , according to some sources , in Stuhlweißenburg , today Székesfehérvár ) she studied in Italy ; among her teachers were Aloysia Weber Lange and Domenico Ronconi . Her stage debut , in her native city , came in 1821 , when she performed in Mozart 's Così fan tutte , a performance for which Franz Schubert had briefly served as her répétiteur . Three years later she sang in the first performances of Ludwig van Beethoven 's Ninth Symphony and Missa Solemnis . She performed a great deal in Italy , principally in Naples after 1825 when she became engaged to the impresario of the Teatro San Carlo , Domenico Barbaia . Among the roles written for her were those of Isoletta in Vincenzo Bellini 's La straniera ( 1829 , Milan ) , Gaetano Donizetti 's Parisina ( 1833 , Florence ) , Antonina in Belisario ( 1836 , Venice ) , Maria de Rudenz ( 1838 , Venice ) , and Bianca in Saverio Mercadante 's Le due illustre rivali ( 1838 , Venice ) . Unger had a great success at the Théâtre-Italien in Paris in October 1833 , where Sadie speculates that this was the occasion upon which Rossini is known to have commented on her voice as having `` the ardour of the south , the energy of the north , brazen lungs , a silver voice and a golden talent '' . In 1841 she married the French writer and retired from the stage in 1843 . She died in Florence and was buried in the cemetery of the basilica San Miniato al Monte there . She is memorable for her part in the famous anecdote regarding the applause at the premiere of Beethoven 's Ninth Symphony -- it was reportedly she who turned the completely deaf composer around to receive his audience 's thunderous applause .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "875c2d3e31757f1f05642215ab384d70", "text": "Fabrizio De Rossi Re Fabrizio De Rossi Re ( born 1 August 1960 , in Rome ) is an Italian composer and librettist . He composes stage operas , symphonic , choral and chamber music , while also performing as a pianist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f1f583ec7e857432bc2001bb0929cb9", "text": "Laura San Giacomo Laura San Giacomo ( born November 14 , 1962 ) is an American actress known for playing the role of Maya Gallo on the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me ! , Kit De Luca in the film Pretty Woman , and Cynthia in Sex , Lies , and Videotape as well as other work on television and in films . She played the role of Holly Hunter 's childhood best friend on the TNT crime drama series Saving Grace .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d02104a40736540e27e3e32e85dc188d", "text": "The Age of the Medici The Age of the Medici , originally released in Italy as L'età di Cosimo de Medici ( The Age of Cosimo de Medici ) , is a 1973 3-part TV series about the Renaissance in Florence , directed by Roberto Rossellini . The series was shot in English in the hope of securing a North American release , which it failed to achieve , and was later dubbed into Italian and shown on state television . The films are : Cosimo de Medici , The Power of Cosimo and Leon Battista Alberti : Humanism . It is Fred Ward 's debut role . Like several other TV series directed by Rossellini during the 1970s , The Age of the Medici is a form of docudrama , in which historical information is communicated via dramatized conversations between figures from history , and between ordinary people . They are unabashedly `` teaching films . '' As Dave Kehr explains , `` The dialogue is bluntly didactic , with characters telling one another things they would already know entirely for the benefit of the audience ... . Rossellini is n't asking his viewers to identify with his characters or become caught up in their personal dramas ... Instead he creates a detached perspective . '' Each scene plays out in a single long take , with the camera slowly moving and zooming to create different framings of the action , or , as Kehr puts it , `` to close in on details or investigate relationships '' . When the films debuted in New York 's Public Theater in 1973 , New York Times movie critic Vincent Canby noted that while not difficult , the austere style of the films , `` as well as Rossellini 's total lack of concern for what might be called performance , take some getting used to . Yet once you 've grasped the method and the rhythm of the films , they are a ravishingly beautiful experience '' : The actors make few attempts to act . They recite as they walk about magnificent locations , sounding and looking like ferociously gifted dress-extras . The talk has been rather flatly dubbed into English so that it 's not always possible to tell who is speaking.Forget these problems , though . The film is about what is being said and what you can see around and behind these figures . When you connect with The Age of the Medici , it has the effect of reducing every other film you 've seen recently to the status of an ornament .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "717393665c8236506f554ef4d5bdb670", "text": "Sciantosa In Italian theatrical culture , the term sciantosa ( pl. : `` sciantose '' ) refers to a stock character that developed from the late 19th Century through the early 20th Century in such popular genres such as café-concert , variety show , avanspettacolo , and revue . The term is a distortion of the French word chanteuse ( feminine form of `` singer '' ) , and was originally used for female singers that performed opera or operetta arias in café-chantant venues . As such , the `` sciantosa '' was a sort of scaled-down version of the opera `` diva '' . Later on , the term acquired further implications , most notably that of femme fatale . Popular sciantose often had ( or pretended to have ) mysterious and exotic traits , such as a foreign accent , a turbulent past , or romantic affairs with lovers from the jet set . To emphasize their reputation of divas , prominent sciantose hired a claque to follow their shows . Some of the most well known sciantose were Anna Fougez , Gilda Mignonette , Olimpia D'Avigny , and Yvonne De Fleuriel . With the advent of cinema and television , many forms of popular theatrical shows faded , and so did the `` sciantosa '' archetype , whose traits were partially transferred to new roles such as the soubrette or the showgirl . The 1971 film La Sciantosa , by director Alfredo Giannetti , portrays a typical sciantosa ( played by Anna Magnani ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08469fee8863cb68b81df96936467c5d", "text": "Valorie Armstrong Valorie Armstrong ( also credited as Valerie Armstrong ) is an American actress most notably recognized from her role as family matriarch Marisa Perkins on NBC 's soap opera Santa Barbara during 1984 -- 1985 . Her other roles include various guest-starring roles on TV shows . Prior to her role as Marisa Perkins , she had appeared on One Life to Live as Minna , a former prostitute pal of Katrina Karr 's and Karen Wolek 's ( 1981 -- 1983 ) . She also had a featured role as Alice McRaven , the best friend of Sandy Duncan 's character Sandy Stockton on Funny Face , in the 1970s . In 1990 , the two worked together again when Ms. Armstrong had a guest role as Mrs. Gordon , in an episode of Miss Duncan 's later series , The Hogan Family .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a68f8f1d21f52e192638ee10cfe8929a", "text": "Storia di Anna Storia di Anna ( translated : `` Story of Anna '' ) is a 1981 Italian drama television miniseries directed by Salvatore Nocita and starring Laura Lattuada . It is the first Italian series to have drug dependence as main theme . It is based on an early script by Renato Castellani .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26b93c578f851f11c02fe38eaec75b37", "text": "Alice Ventura Alice Ventura is a fictional character , one of the antagonists of the Brazilian soap opera Força de um Desejo ( 1999 ) , by Gilberto Braga , Alcides Nogueira and Marques . She is considered one of the greatest villains of Brazilian soap operas , and was played by actress Lavínia Vlasak .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d830dbc2e18aa4f712949a97749dc752", "text": "La donna del lago La donna del lago ( The Lady of the Lake ) is an opera composed by Gioachino Rossini with a libretto by Andrea Leone Tottola ( whose verses are described as `` limpid '' by one critic ) based on the French translation of The Lady of the Lake , a narrative poem written in 1810 by Sir Walter Scott , whose work continued to popularize the image of the romantic highlands . Scott 's basic story has been noted as coming from `` the hint of an incident stemming from the frequent custom of James V , the King of Scotland , of walking through the kingdom in disguise '' . It was the first of the Italian operas to be based on Scott 's romantic works , and marked the beginning of romanticism in Rossini 's work . It was `` deeply influential in the development of Italian romantic opera '' to the extent that by 1840 ( barely 20 years after this opera ) , there were 25 Italian operas based on his works , the most famous being Donizetti 's Lucia di Lammermoor of 1835 . Others in German , French and English followed . Written for the Teatro San Carlo in Naples , this was the seventh of nine operas which Rossini wrote for that house between 1815 and 1822 . Although the première on 24 September 1819 was not a success , there followed many performances throughout major European venues ( as well as being presented in Cuba and by major South American houses ) until about 1860 , after which the opera disappeared until 1958 . In modern times , performances have been given fairly frequently .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce29754951f2bcacda22ab55a69b8b51", "text": "Roberto de' Rossi Roberto de ' Rossi was an early humanist in Florence , a follower of Coluccio Salutati and , as the first pupil of Manuel Chrysoloras , one of the first Florentines to read Greek . Roberto de ' Rossi was a wealthy patrician who never married and avoided public office but devoted his life to books and his studies in his house and garden in the Oltr ` Arno district of Florence . His translations of Aristotle and other classical Greek writers made them widely available to the Latin-reading public , but his modern claim to fame is as the tutor of Cosimo de ' Medici , a role for which he was selected by Giovanni di Bicci . Roberto 's friends Leonardo Bruni and Niccolo Niccoli were inherited by Cosimo and formed part of his circle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93a09fdf79f1258f17b52dbe5dad9251", "text": "Drea de Matteo Drea de Matteo ( -LSB- dreɪ_də_məˈteɪoʊ -RSB- born January 19 , 1972 ) is an American actress , known for her roles as Angie Bolen on ABC 's Desperate Housewives , Joey Tribbiani 's sister Gina on the NBC sitcom Joey , Wendy Case on FX series Sons of Anarchy , and Adriana La Cerva on the HBO TV series The Sopranos , a role for which she won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series . She currently stars as Det. Tess Nazario in NBC 's Shades of Blue .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "633327be54407b1199dd991c0bddec5d", "text": "Rebecca de Pont Davies Rebecca de Pont Davies is a British mezzo-soprano who has performed with English National Opera and Welsh National Opera , and at the Teatro Real in Madrid and the Royal Opera House in Covent Garden , among others . Davies was born and educated in Blackheath , and is the sister of the screenwriter William Davies and the television producer Michael Davies . She has been diagnosed with Graves ' disease . Davies went straight from school to the Guildhall School of Music and Drama where she completed the four year Associate of the Guildhall School of Music ( AGSM ) course and the two year Opera Course for which she was awarded a full scholarship before becoming a Company Artist for English National Opera . Here her roles included Ottavia in The Coronation of Poppea , Ulrica in A Masked Ball , Mistress Quickly in Falstaff , Annina in Der Rosenkavalier , Theatre Dresser/Schoolboy/Groom / Girl 's Mother in Lulu , Mrs Sedley and Auntie in Peter Grimes , Bronka in The Passenger , Marya in War and Peace and Ruth in the Mike Leigh production of The Pirates of Penzance . Davies 's roles in other productions include Marchioness in La fille du régiment for Teatro Real in Madrid , Auntie in Peter Grimes for Deutsche Oper Berlin , Prakriti 's mother in the premiere of Wagner Dream for Dutch National Opera and later for Welsh National Opera ; Second Maid in Elektra for Dutch National Opera ; Witch in Hänsel und Gretel ; Herodias in Salome in Bielefeld ; Mrs Sedley in Peter Grimes for Deutsche Oper am Rhein and the Liceu in Barcelona ; Geneviève in Pelléas et Mélisande in Essen ; Jack 's Mother in Into the Woods ; Beroe in The Bassarids , Old Lady in Sunday in the Park with George , and Beggar Woman in Sweeney Todd : The Demon Barber of Fleet Street for Théâtre du Châtelet ; Mrs Sedley in Peter Grimes , Maddalena in Rigoletto and Klytämnestra in Elektra for Opera North ; French Mother in Death in Venice for the Glyndebourne Festival Opera ( filmed by the BBC ) ; Katisha in The Mikado in a co-production between Scottish Opera and the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company at the Theatre Royal , Glasgow ; Kabanicha in Káťa Kabanová for Teatro Regio in Turin and Auntie in Peter Grimes for Teatro Nacional de São Carlos in Lisbon . Davies made her Royal Opera House début as Old Sister 2 in Babette 's Feast in the Linbury Studio Theatre , and for them has also sung Schwertleite in Die Walküre , Second Esquire in Parsifal , Aunt Kaye in the world premiere of Anna Nicole and Hostess of the Inn in Boris Godunov . Davies 's performances in concert include Judith Weir 's The Consolations of Scholarship with the Lontano Ensemble , Manuel de Falla 's El amor brujo and Siete canciones populares españolas with the Symphony Nova Scotia and performances with the BBC Proms , London Sinfonietta , the BBC Symphony Orchestra and the Philharmonia Orchestra . Her recordings include Falstaff with English National Opera and String , Paper , Wood by Ronald Corp. . Davies is married to the singer and writer Jessica Walker .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ef424fe9060f01fc05b7562302671fd", "text": "Portia White Portia White ( June 24 , 1911February 13 , 1968 ) was a Canadian operatic contralto .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2fafa8bc3283192eba91a434a2e8c9dc", "text": "Gilda dalla Rizza Gilda Dalla Rizza ( 12 October 18925 July 1975 ) was an important Italian soprano . Born in Verona , she made her operatic debut in Bologna ( the Teatro Verdi ) in 1912 , as Charlotte in Werther . Especially acclaimed in the verismo repertory , she was regarded as being Giacomo Puccini 's favorite soprano , creating Magda in his La rondine ( 1917 ) . Although he composed the part of Minnie in La fanciulla del West for another soprano , when Puccini saw Dalla Rizza in the part , he said , `` Behold , at last I have seen my Fanciulla '' . She also gave the first European performances of his Suor Angelica and Gianni Schicchi , at Rome in 1919 . He also had her in mind for Liù in Turandot , though her voice proved too heavy for the part of the young slave-girl by the time of the premiere . Dalla Rizza appeared at the major theatres in Rome , Florence , Turin , São Paulo , Buenos Aires ( Teatro Colón ) , Rio de Janeiro , Verona , Naples , Monte-Carlo , Bologna , Lima , Parma , Santiago , Barcelona , Amsterdam , etc. . She never appeared in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2d059aa881a31213ef431dd951a37f6", "text": "Mezzetino Mezzetino , also Mezzettino , ( Pron . met-zeh-TEE-no ) is a character from the commedia dell ` arte and is considered by Duchartre to be a variant on the stock character Brighella . His name means `` Half-Measure ( of liquor ) '' in Medieval Italian , and he is sometimes called in French and English plays `` Mezzetin '' . He first appeared in the 16th century . Mezzetino is an adept schemer and trouble-maker , willing to commit acts of violence if necessary , but on the whole a little calmer than his brother Brighella , and much more gentle and cultivated , especially in his later life . He is often very musically inclined , and can sing and dance with skill . His character can vary greatly : he can be a loyal servant or simply scheming for his master 's downfall ; he can be a deceitful husband or be deceived by his wife . He also seems to be rather more interested in the ladies than is Brighella , often coming over as rather creepy in his efforts to flirt . His costume has gone through similar variations to Brighella 's , beginning as a baggy white costume like that worn by the zanni but later evolving into a livery or else a tunic and breeches , usually with stripes , and some sort of hat as an accessory . Whereas Brighella 's color is green , Mezzetino 's is red or burgundy . He is sometimes played without a mask , especially in later versions , after the manner in which Angelo Costantini played him ; but when masked it is either brown or rust colored . Callot shows him holding a sword as part of the ensemble . He is also sometimes dressed in a manner that closely resembles the habit of Harlequin , as in the famous Nymphenburg porcelain , hence some people 's belief that he is a variant not on Brighella but on Harlequin . He almost always wears a short cape , called a tabaro , which has its origins in the plays of Ancient Rome .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73579cd325376f98056507847056dae2", "text": "Portia (The Merchant of Venice) Portia is the heroine of William Shakespeare 's The Merchant of Venice . A rich , beautiful , and intelligent heiress , she is bound by the lottery set forth in her father 's will , which gives potential suitors the chance to choose between three caskets composed of gold , silver and lead . If they choose the right casket -- the casket containing Portia 's portrait and a scroll -- they win Portia 's hand in marriage . If they choose the wrong casket , they must leave and never seek another woman in marriage . Portia is glad when two suitors , one driven by greed and another by vanity , fail to choose correctly . She favours Bassanio , a young Venetian noble , but is not allowed to give him any clues to assist in his choice . Later in the play , she disguises herself as a man , then assumes the role of a lawyer 's apprentice ( named Balthazar ) whereby she saves the life of Bassanio 's friend , Antonio , in court . Portia is one of the most prominent and appealing of the heroines in Shakespeare 's mature romantic comedies . She is beautiful , gracious , rich , intelligent , and quick-witted , with high standards for her potential romantic partners . She obeys her father 's will , while steadfastly seeking to obtain Bassanio . She demonstrates tact to the Princes of Morocco and Aragon , who unsuccessfully seek her hand . In the court scenes , Portia finds a technicality in the bond , thereby outwitting Shylock and saving Antonio 's life when everyone else fails . It is Portia who delivers one of the most famous speeches in The Merchant of Venice : The strength of the role of Portia has made it attractive to many notable actresses . Frances Abington , Sarah Siddons and Elizabeth Whitlock all played Portia in the 18th century when actresses first started appearing on stage in performances of the play . More recently , the role has been depicted in the cinema and on television by a number of notable actresses such as Maggie Smith , Claire Bloom , Sybil Thorndike , Joan Plowright , Caroline John and Gemma Jones . Despite Portia 's lack of formal legal training , she wins her case by referring to the details of the exact language of the law . Her success involves prevailing on technicalities rather than the merits of the situation . She uses the tactics of what is sometimes called a Philadelphia lawyer . However , the concept of rhetoric and its abuse is also brought to light by Portia -- highlighting the idea that an unjust argument may win through eloquence , loopholes and technicalities , regardless of the moral question at hand -- and thus provoking the audience to consider that issue .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "e7fcfb556c94e2ee7e70ca1e3993d277", "text": "Kingdom Hearts III Kingdom Hearts III is an upcoming action role-playing game developed and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One . It is the twelfth installment in the Kingdom Hearts series , sequel to Kingdom Hearts II , and the final chapter in the Dark Seeker saga . Set after the events of Kingdom Hearts 3D : Dream Drop Distance , returning protagonist Sora is joined by Donald Duck , Goofy , King Mickey and Riku in their search for the seven guardians of light and the `` Key to Return Hearts '' as they attempt to thwart Master Xehanort 's plan to bring about a second Keyblade War . Their journey has them cross paths with characters , and visit worlds , based on Disney properties and Final Fantasy . Concepts for the game began as early as 2006 , after the release of Kingdom Hearts II : Final Mix in Japan , with the game not officially confirmed to be in development until E3 2013 , after years of rumors and speculation . Kingdom Hearts III sees many returning gameplay features from the series , while introducing new `` Attraction Flow '' attacks that incorporate Disney Parks attractions . The game also is the first in the series to utilize Unreal Engine 4 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c2946defa55cd8ff8b0f1403a502ab3b", "text": "Gutsoon! Entertainment Gutsoon ! Entertainment , Inc. is a now defunct publisher of English translated manga . The company , headquartered in Encino , Los Angeles , served as the US subsidiary of Coamix , which was founded by Nobuhiko Horie and manga artist Tsukasa Hojo . The company published the English manga anthology Raijin Comics , a U.S. equivalent to the Japanese Weekly Comic Bunch and published many of the same titles ( Fist of the Blue Sky and City Hunter ) , as well titles from other magazines such as the Japanese Weekly Shōnen Jump . Raijin Comics began as a weekly magazine with its first issue ( dated December 18 , 2002 ) , but switched to being a monthly publication beginning with its 36th issue ( dated September 2003 ) . Gutsoon ! also published a companion magazine to Raijin Comics , titled Raijin Game & Anime ( originally called Fujin Magazine ) , which lasted only 20 issues before being merged into the pages of Raijin Comics . The collected volumes of Raijin Comics titles were published under the Raijin Graphic Novels imprint . Raijin Comics also has a mascot called `` Raijin Maru '' . Before the company 's fall they were also planning to make a shōjo manga magazine called Smile Magazine . On March 15 , 2004 , Gutsoon ! announced that they will be placing their Rajin Comics brand on hiatus . Raijin Comics ceased publication with its July 2004 issue ( issue # 46 ) and the Raijin Graphic Novels line was subsequently cancelled as well .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5ac8606ca4eb57640a1cbcd465c6a3c", "text": "Silicon Studio Silicon Studio is a Japanese computer graphics technology company and video game developer based in Tokyo . As a technology company , Silicon Studio has produced several products in the 3D computer graphics field , including middleware software , such as a post-processing visual effects library called YEBIS , as well as general real-time graphics engines and game development engines , such as OROCHI and Mizuchi , a physically based rendering engine . As a video game developer , Silicon Studio has worked on different titles for several gaming platforms , most notably , the action-adventure game 3D Dot Game Heroes on the PlayStation 3 , the role-playing video game Bravely Default on the Nintendo 3DS , and Fantasica on the iOS and Android mobile platforms .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1cd18bcf79d38cd465a48813291ac52a", "text": "Altron is a Japanese video game developer and publisher located in Shinagawa , Tokyo , Japan operating since 1983 . It has developed or published games for the Nintendo 64 , PlayStation , Sega Saturn , Super NES , Genesis , Nintendo Entertainment System , Nintendo DS , Game Boy , Game Boy Color , and Nintendo 3DS video game systems .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6f136aadcc13ae8d3bf5427c5baf90c", "text": "King's Quest V King 's Quest V : Absence Makes the Heart Go Yonder ! is a 1990 graphic adventure game by Sierra On-Line . Originally released in November 1990 , it featured a significant improvement in graphics ( achieved through the introduction of VGA into the series ) . It was also the first King 's Quest installment to replace the typing user interface with a point-and-click user interface . The title is a spoof on the proverb , `` Absence makes the heart grow fonder . '' King 's Quest V sold over half million copies and won several awards . It was later released as a fully voiced `` talkie '' CD-ROM , done by members of the Sierra staff .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "75ce04c473399acce2919c81614c6274", "text": "Dance Central (video game) Dance Central is a music rhythm game for the Xbox 360 that uses the Kinect motion peripheral . The game was developed by Harmonix , creators of the Guitar Hero and Rock Band franchises , and is a launch title for Kinect . Dance Central 2 was announced at E3 2011 and later released in October 2011 . Dance Central 3 was announced at E3 2012 and was released in October 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ea96a8a50eec8710d680775e3df01bd", "text": "List of Square Enix video game franchises Square Enix is a Japanese video game development and publishing company formed from the merger of video game developer Square and publisher Enix on April 1 , 2003 . The company is best known for its role-playing video game franchises , which include the Final Fantasy series , the Dragon Quest series , and the action role-playing Kingdom Hearts series . Since its inception , the company has developed or published hundreds of titles in various video game franchises on numerous gaming systems . Of its properties , the Final Fantasy franchise is the best-selling , with a total worldwide sales of over 110 million units . The Dragon Quest series has shipped over 66 million units worldwide and is one of the most popular video game series in Japan , while the Kingdom Hearts series has shipped over 22 million copies worldwide . Square Enix has owned Taito , which continues to publish its own video games , since September 2005 , and acquired game publisher Eidos Interactive in April 2009 , which was merged with Square Enix 's European publishing wing and renamed as Square Enix Europe . This list includes franchises in which Square Enix , or its original components Square and Enix , or its subsidiaries , were the primary developer or publisher , even if the series was begun prior to the subsidiary 's acquisition . Franchises are defined as any set of interconnected media consisting of more than one release , and video game franchises are defined as franchises which were initially created as a video game or series of video games . For a list of all individual games developed or published by Square Enix , see the list of Square Enix video games and mobile games . For games released before the merger , see the Square and Enix video games . For games released by Taito , both before and after the acquisition , see the list of Taito games , and for games published by Eidos prior to acquisition see the list of Eidos games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "970a135bf09b2204d51ef6b3801b0e89", "text": "Sengoku Basara is a series of video games developed and published by Capcom , and a bigger media franchise based on it , including three anime series and an animated film . Its story is very loosely based on real events of the titular Sengoku era in the history of feudal Japan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b306a9a1aceb5b26f6396d08d4a3ed04", "text": "Shenmue III is an upcoming action-adventure role-playing video game developed by Neilo and Ys Net , scheduled for release in December 2017 for Microsoft Windows and PlayStation 4 . It is directed , written and produced by Yu Suzuki . Shenmue III follows teenage martial artist Ryo Hazuki in his quest to find his father 's killer in 1980s China . Suzuki conceived Shenmue as a saga spanning multiple games . The first two games were developed by Sega AM2 and published by Sega for the Dreamcast in 1999 and 2001 respectively . The original Shenmue was the most expensive video game ever developed at the time , with an estimated production and marketing cost of over $ 47 million USD , though this also covered some of Shenmue II and groundwork for future Shenmue games . Despite attracting a cult following and appearances in several `` greatest video games of all time '' lists , the games were commercial failures and Shenmue III spent over a decade in development hell . At the June 2015 E3 conference , following years of speculation , Suzuki launched a Kickstarter campaign to crowdfund Shenmue III , with Sega having licensed Shenmue to Suzuki 's company Ys Net . The campaign met its initial target of $ 2 million USD in under eight hours , making it the fastest Kickstarter campaign to reach that amount . It ended in July 2015 having raised over $ 6 million , making it the highest-funded video game and the sixth highest-funded campaign in Kickstarter history . Crowdfunding resumed via the online payment system PayPal and the Chinese crowdfunding platform Alipay .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df5bdf8f714c8fe3d8edcc548c444e23", "text": "Megadimension Neptunia VII is a Japanese role-playing game in the Hyperdimension Neptunia series of role-playing games , for the PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows . It was released in Japan on April 23 , 2015 , North American territories on February 2 , 2016 , European territories on February 12 , 2016 and the Windows version was released on July 5 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "274fb8bea56f5c13d1a1962ac51979a5", "text": "Conspiracy Entertainment Conspiracy Entertainment ( formerly Conspiracy Games ) is an American third-party developer video game publisher , publishing games from smaller companies that would face difficulties distributing games themselves . The company has also developed a few games of its own . Conspiracy Entertainment is currently publishing UMD videos for the PlayStation Portable and games for the Wii console .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c7853bff08cc75df8a081051455564a", "text": "List of Tales media The Tales series , known in Japan as the , is a franchise of fantasy Japanese role-playing video games published by Bandai Namco Games ( formerly Namco ) , and developed by its subsidiary , Namco Tales Studio ( formerly Wolf Team ) until 2011 and presently by Bandai Namco . First begun in 1995 with the development and release of Tales of Phantasia for the Super Famicom , the series currently spans fifteen main titles , multiple spin-off games and supplementary media in the form of manga series , anime series , and audio dramas . While entries in the series generally stand independent of each other with different characters and stories , they are commonly linked by their gameplay , themes and high fantasy settings . Most of the main Tales games have been localized for North America and Europe , although almost all of the spinoff titles have not been released abroad . While generally seen as a niche series in English speaking regions , Tales is considered a high-profile property in Japan , just behind other series such as Final Fantasy and Dragon Quest . As of December 2013 , the series has sold 16 million units worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb50ece4182c50ecbbc306652b033ff9", "text": "Kingdom Hearts HD 2.5 Remix Kingdom Hearts HD 2.5 Remix is an HD remastered collection of three games in Square Enix 's Kingdom Hearts series : Kingdom Hearts II , Birth by Sleep , and Re : coded . A successor to the series ' HD 1.5 Remix collection , it was released as a PlayStation 3 exclusive in Japan on October 2014 and internationally two months later . Kingdom Hearts HD 2.5 Remix includes Kingdom Hearts II Final Mix and Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep Final Mix in high definition and with trophy support . Additionally , the collection features a cinematic remake of Kingdom Hearts Re : coded that features remastered cutscenes from the original game as well as new content . A third collection , Kingdom Hearts HD 2.8 Final Chapter Prologue , was released in 2017 . 2.5 Remix was re-released along with 1.5 Remix on the PlayStation 4 in March 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ec3a385d5a5c44f7b829da7ed204cb7", "text": "Club Penguin (video game console series) The Club Penguin video game series is a series of party games for the Wii and Nintendo DS based on Disney 's popular massively multiplayer online game , Club Penguin . They are published by Disney Interactive Studios .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33da760870bfa9d1d86441fcdb92c1b0", "text": "Heroes of Might and Magic III Heroes of Might and Magic III : The Restoration of Erathia is a turn-based strategy game developed by Jon Van Caneghem through New World Computing originally released for Microsoft Windows by the 3DO Company in 1999 . Its ports to several computer and console systems followed in 1999-2000 . It is the third installment of the Heroes of Might and Magic series . The game 's story is first referenced throughout Might and Magic VI : The Mandate of Heaven and serves as a prequel to Might and Magic VII : For Blood and Honor . The player can choose to play through seven different campaigns telling the story , or play in a scenario against computer or human opponents . The gameplay is very similar to its predecessors in that the player controls a number of heroes that command an army of creatures inspired by myth and legend . The gameplay is divided into two parts , tactical overland exploration and a turn based combat system . The player creates an army by spending resources at one of the eight town types in the game . The hero will progress in experience by engaging in combat with enemy heroes and monsters . The conditions for victory vary depending on the map , including conquest of all enemies and towns , collection of a certain amount of a resource , or finding the grail artifact . Heroes III was released to universal acclaim and was praised by critics . The game received the expansion packs Heroes of Might and Magic III : Armageddon 's Blade and Heroes of Might and Magic III : The Shadow of Death . Heroes Chronicles , a series of short introductory games based on the Heroes III engine , was also released . A special version of Heroes III titled Heroes III Complete , which included the original game and both expansion packs , was released in 2000 . On December 10 , 2014 , Ubisoft announced an HD version of the game . The new version features updated graphics as well as wide screen compatibility and was released on January 29 , 2015 for Microsoft Windows , iOS and Android . However , the expansions have not been re-released because their source code is lost .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33ed35a2f5fd138103d423e6c63dc4d8", "text": "Nintendo Nintendo Co. , Ltd. is a Japanese multinational consumer electronics and video game company headquartered in Kyoto , Japan . Nintendo is one of the world 's largest video game companies by market capitalization . Founded on 23 September 1889 by Fusajiro Yamauchi , it originally produced handmade hanafuda playing cards . By 1963 , the company had tried several small niche businesses , such as cab services and love hotels . The word Nintendo can be roughly translated from Japanese to English as `` leave luck to heaven '' . Abandoning previous ventures in favor of toys in the 1960s , Nintendo then developed into a video game company in the 1970s , ultimately becoming one of the most influential in the industry and Japan 's third most-valuable company with a market value of over $ 85 billion . From 1992 until 2016 , Nintendo was also the majority shareholder of Major League Baseball 's Seattle Mariners . , Nintendo has cumulative sales of over 670.43 million hardware units and 4.23 billion software units . The company has created and released some of the best-known and top-selling video game franchises , such as Mario , The Legend of Zelda , and Pokémon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "83df63ed040a3ef7b2aaf4d63cd84f8e", "text": "Dokapon Kingdom is a role-playing video game developed and published by Sting in Japan for the Sony PlayStation 2 on November 22 , 2007 . It was later published by Atlus in North America on October 14 , 2008 . It is a remake of the Super Famicom title , Dokapon 3 ・ 2 ・ 1 - Arashi o Yobu Yuujou . The PlayStation 2 version was later re-released in Japan on November 20 , 2008 , with a `` Sting The Best '' stamp on it . It was later ported to the Wii by Sting Entertainment on July 31 , 2008 , as Dokapon Kingdom for Wii . The Wii version was later published in North America by Atlus on October 14 , 2008 , and in Europe by BigBen Interactive on March 26 , 2010 , both without `` for Wii '' in the names .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f6c24ae89f2bcb82390b9b67e1ad503", "text": "List of Final Fantasy media Final Fantasy is a series of role-playing video games developed and published by Square Enix ( formerly Square ) . Its first game premiered in Japan in 1987 , and Final Fantasy games have subsequently been localized for markets in North America , Europe and Australia , on nearly every video game console since its debut on the Nintendo Entertainment System . Final Fantasy is Square Enix 's most successful franchise , having sold over 97 million units worldwide to date . In addition to traditional role-playing games , the series includes tactical role-playing games , portable games , massively multiplayer online role-playing games , and games for mobile phones . Its popularity has placed it as the sixth-best-selling video game franchise , and the series has won multiple awards over the years . In addition to the 15 games released as part of the main ( numbered ) series and their many spin-offs and related titles , the Final Fantasy series has spawned many works in other media including anime , movies , novels and manga , and radio dramas . Final Fantasy : Unlimited , originally a stand-alone anime series , now has its own sub-franchise which includes video games . Many games , particularly the main series , have soundtrack album releases featuring their music in different arrangements . Square Enix has also consistently released companion books for its games which provide additional backstory and plot information , as well as detailed walkthroughs for the game . Since the announcement of Compilation of Final Fantasy VII , Square Enix has focused on `` polymorphic content '' , expanding each game world with material on many video game platforms , as well as other forms of media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3dd54ffe1e7cc82d59a1f7b137215377", "text": "Aqua (Kingdom Hearts) , also known as , is a fictional character from Square Enix 's video game franchise Kingdom Hearts . Having first made cameo appearances in Kingdom Hearts II and its updated version Final Mix , Aqua is one of the three protagonists who is introduced in the 2010 prequel Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep . She is one of the Keyblade apprentices training under Master Eraqus alongside her friends Terra and Ventus . As Eraqus ' friend Master Xehanort leaves , Aqua and Terra are assigned to find him and defeat creatures known as the Unversed . She also appeared in other Kingdom Hearts titles , most notably Kingdom Hearts HD 2.8 Final Chapter Prologue . Unlike Terra and Ventus , Aqua is the only protagonist who did not have a point of reference for Tetsuya Nomura to design from , and thus was designed from scratch . Later in the design process , Nomura became concerned that Aqua would not be popular , and this drove his decision to make her very distinct in her personal bravery and combat abilities . While her outfit design was based on Terra 's , her movements were chosen to distinguish her from other characters by having her specialize in magical combat . Aqua is voiced by Megumi Toyoguchi in Japanese and Willa Holland in English . Aqua received mixed reviews from game critics , citing boring plot lines and unenthusiastic voice acting combined with weak combat skills . With fans , Aqua was well received , and is one of Kingdom Hearts most popular characters . Nevertheless , her return in Kingdom Hearts HD 2.8 Final Chapter Prologue has received positive response by critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e7367048179654804b3db9a17da8639", "text": "Hyper Void Hyper Void is a 3D shooter video game , developed and published by InFramez Technology . It was released for PlayStation 3 , PlayStation 4 and Xbox One . A version for Microsoft Windows is in development .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e1a4404e49abe9e267a65b86e3056d5", "text": "Little King's Story is a real-time strategy life simulation role-playing video game co-developed by Cing and Town Factory for the Wii . The game was published by Rising Star Games in Australia on April 22 , 2009 and Europe on April 24 , 2009 , by Xseed Games in North America on July 21 , 2009 , and by Marvelous Entertainment in Japan on September 3 , 2009 . The player character is a timid boy who has found a mysterious crown which gives him the power to charm people and make them follow orders . As king of the village his goal is to expand the village and make his subjects happy . The design of the game combines various simulation elements as well as real time and adventure elements . Yasuhiro Wada told CVG that the game would be a `` single-player life-sim set in Europe . '' An enhanced re-imagining of the game was released on the PlayStation Vita under the title of New Little King 's Story . The Microsoft Windows version of the game has been released on August 5 , 2016 . The game is published by North American version of the game publisher Xseed Games .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "286adeff86a804544563879facf34aa8", "text": "Code Geass , often referred to as simply Code Geass , is a Japanese anime series created by Sunrise , directed by Gorō Taniguchi , and written by Ichirō Ōkouchi , with original character designs by manga authors Clamp . Set in an alternate timeline , the series focuses on how the former prince Lelouch vi Britannia obtains a power known as Geass and decides to use it to obliterate the Holy Britannian Empire , a superpower that has been conquering various countries . Code Geass first ran in Japan on MBS from October 5 , 2006 , to July 28 , 2007 . Its sequel series , , ran as a simulcast on JNN stations ( like MBS and TBS ) from April 6 , 2008 to September 28 , 2008 . The series has also been adapted into various manga and light novels with the former showing various alternate scenarios from the TV series . Bandai Entertainment also licensed most parts from the franchise for English release in December 2007 , airing the two TV series on Adult Swim . Most manga and light novels have also been published in North America by Bandai . At the Code Geass 10th anniversary event on November 27 , 2016 , it was announced that the series will be receiving a new anime , along with a compilation film trilogy in 2017 that will recap the events from both seasons of the anime series . The new anime , titled , will take place a few years after the events of the Zero Requiem . The director Gorō Taniguchi commented that the upcoming project would star an alive Lelouch and not as an alternate setting . Released to critical acclaim , the anime television series has been well received in Japan , selling over a million DVD and Blu-ray Disc volumes . Both seasons have won several awards at the Tokyo International Anime Fair , Animage Anime Grand Prix , and Animation Kobe event . Critics have praised the series for its large audience appeal as well as the cross conflicts shown among the main characters and the moral questions presented .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e66cddd8291515794d7ec4d95d4d41e4", "text": "Television program A television program ( programme ) is a segment of content intended for broadcast on over-the-air , cable television , or Internet television , other than a commercial , trailer , or any other segment of content not serving as attraction for viewership . It may be a single production , or more commonly , a series of related productions ( also called a television show ) . A limited number of episodes of a television show may be called a miniseries or a serial or limited series . Television series are without a fixed length and are usually divided into seasons ( U.S. ) or series ( UK ) , yearly or semiannual sets of new episodes . While there is no defined length , U.S. industry practice has traditionally favored longer television seasons than those of other countries . A one-time broadcast may be called a `` special '' , or particularly in the UK a `` special episode '' . A television film ( `` made-for-TV movie '' or `` television movie '' ) is a film that is initially broadcast on television rather than released in theaters or direct-to-video . A program can be either recorded , as on video tape , other various electronic media forms , played with an on-demand player or viewed on live television .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "9b41f99cde0b5e62d973e041813ea211", "text": "Rysher Entertainment Rysher Entertainment was the owner of television and film programming content , primarily distributed around the world by CBS Television Distribution and Paramount Pictures . Select rights are also distributed by Warner Bros. , Universal , Lionsgate , Fox , Columbia Pictures , MGM and other entertainment distribution companies worldwide . The company has its roots in Bing Crosby Productions ( `` BCP '' ) . Its namesake , actor-singer Bing Crosby , founded BCP in 1949 , and was best known for producing the sitcom Hogan 's Heroes and the medical drama Ben Casey -- in succeeding years , BCP was acquired by Cox Broadcasting . In 1993 , Cox acquired Rysher Entertainment . Rysher , founded in April 1991 by Keith Samples , had been established as an independently owned company whose original sole product had been the distribution of NBC 's series Saved By The Bell . In 1993 , and later distribution of another NBC series California Dreams in 1994 , Rysher merged with Al Masini 's Television Program Enterprises to form Rysher TPE , its alternate name used from 1993 to 1995 . Through Rysher TPE , they produced and distributed shows such as Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous ( renamed Lifestyles with Robin Leach and Shari Belafonte for its final season ) and Star Search . Later , they produced and distributed George & Alana , which ran for one season in 1995 . The company was shut down in 1999 and the library was acquired by Viacom who folded it into both the film and television division of Paramount . Rysher 's library , today distributed by CBS Television Distribution ( CTD ) and Paramount Pictures ( for TV series and films , respectively ) , includes television and feature film classics such as Hogan 's Heroes ( whose partial rights are held by CBS ) , Ben Casey , and Walking Tall , as well as more recent programs and films including Nash Bridges ( 1999 -- 2001 episodes are produced by Paramount Network Television ) , Highlander : The Series , The Opposite of Sex ( with Sony Pictures Classics ) , Kingpin and Big Night . Rysher also distributes internationally through CTD several of HBO 's award-winning titles including Arli $ $ , Oz and Sex and the City . Rysher also produced House Arrest and Zeus and Roxanne , both of which were released by MGM and distributed by HBO Home Video for home release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cad8627071728e910030128f3a58ff67", "text": "Local programming The terms local programme , local programming , local content or local television refers to a television program made by a television station or independent television producer for broadcast only within the station 's transmission area or television market . Local programmes can encompass the whole range of programme genres but will usually only cover subjects or people of particular interest to an audience within the station 's coverage area . For example , a local sports programme will present results , interviews and coverage of games or matches , just like a network sports programme , but it would only feature teams and players from within the broadcaster 's transmission area . In some cases a television network programme may include a local element as well . This is particularly the case in the United Kingdom and still happens today with The Politics Show . The BBC regions will all opt-out at the same time from the main programme to present a locally produced segment . Sometimes locally made programmes that are not too specific to the transmission area , will be sold to other local stations for broadcast in their region . Historically there was a large percentage of local programming on television . Late in the 20th century this has significantly fallen . In many cases the only local programmes on a television station today will be the local newscast . The above can also apply to radio . A national radio network may have local studios or affiliates who opt-out at various times to present local programs and content . In the late-1950s , many of the early Australian television series such as Melbourne Magazine ( 1957 ) , Sydney Tonight ( 1956-1959 ) , and TV Talent Scout ( 1957-1958 ) were broadcast in only a single city .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "900194fffb77767792d39fdd39c71bf9", "text": "Alfred Hitchcock Presents Alfred Hitchcock Presents is an American television anthology series hosted and executive produced by Alfred Hitchcock , which aired on CBS and NBC between 1955 and 1965 . It featured dramas , thrillers , and mysteries . By the time it premiered on October 2 , 1955 , Hitchcock had been directing films for over three decades . Time magazine named it one of `` The 100 Best TV Shows of all time '' . The Writers Guild of America ranked it # 79 on their list of the 101 Best-Written TV Series tying it with Monty Python 's Flying Circus , Star Trek : The Next Generation and Upstairs , Downstairs . A series of literary anthologies with the running title Alfred Hitchcock Presents were issued to capitalize on the success of the television series . One volume , devoted to stories that censors would n't allow to be adapted for broadcast , was entitled Alfred Hitchcock Presents : Stories They Would n't Let Me Do on TV '' -- though eventually several of the stories collected were adapted .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7996e9d50e5c2d451622f3cef7b81e26", "text": "Analog television Analog television or analogue television is the original television technology that uses analog signals to transmit video and audio . In an analog television broadcast , the brightness , colors and sound are represented by rapid variations of either the amplitude , frequency or phase of the signal . Analog signals vary over a continuous range of possible values which means that electronic noise and interference becomes reproduced by the receiver . So with analog , a moderately weak signal becomes snowy and subject to interference . In contrast , a moderately weak digital signal and a very strong digital signal transmit equal picture quality . Analog television may be wireless or can be distributed over a cable network using cable converters . All broadcast television systems preceding digital transmission of digital television ( DTV ) used analog signals . Analog television around the world has been in the process of shutting down since the late 2000s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9665c9d40711fb80e08070b27d93066e", "text": "Freaks and Geeks Freaks and Geeks is an American teen comedy-drama television series , created by Paul Feig , with Judd Apatow as executive producer , that aired on NBC during the 1999 -- 2000 television season . Eighteen episodes were completed , but the series was canceled after only 12 had aired . A fan-led campaign persuaded NBC to broadcast three more episodes in July 2000 ; the three remaining unaired episodes , for a total of 18 , aired that September on the cable network Fox Family Channel . The series appeared on Time magazine 's 2007 `` 100 Greatest Shows of All Time '' list , and placed third on the magazine 's list of greatest television shows of the 2000s ( decade ) . In 2007 , Freaks and Geeks ranked # 21 on TV Guides Top Cult Shows Ever . In 2008 , Entertainment Weekly ranked it the 13th-best series of the past 25 years . The same year , AOL TV named it the Best School Show of All Time . In 2013 TV Guide included it in its list of The 60 Greatest Dramas of All Time , and ranked it # 1 on their list of 60 shows that were `` Cancelled Too Soon '' . It launched several of its young actors into successful television and film careers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5b2a5188d6098e6f9404d8f0f3d4aee", "text": "It Hits the Fan `` It Hits the Fan '' is the first episode of the fifth season of the American animated television series South Park , and the 66th episode of the series overall . It first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on June 20 , 2001 . In the episode , the word `` shit '' is said uncensored on television on the crime show Cop Drama . After this , everyone starts saying `` shit '' over and over , which eventually brings over a mysterious plague that unleashes the ancient Knights of Standards and Practices , and only Chef and the boys can save the world . The episode was written by series co-creator Trey Parker and is rated TV-MA-LV in the United States . Throughout the episode , the profanity `` shit '' or `` shitty '' are exclaimed uncensored a total of 162 separate times ; in syndicated or re-aired versions of this episode , a counter in the bottom left corner of the screen counts the number of times the word has been uttered . The written occurrences are not counted , but `` shit '' is written 38 times , which puts the `` shit `` s up to an even 200 . `` Shit '' is uttered roughly once every eight seconds ; one such count includes the episode 's theme song in the calculation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58a915170d1b6c2a02b6c064cdccd400", "text": "Inspector Gadget (1983 TV series) Inspector Gadget is a French-Canadian-American animated comic science fiction television series that revolves around the adventures of a clumsy , dim-witted detective named Inspector Gadget -- a human being with various bionic gadgets built into his body . Gadget 's nemesis is Dr. Claw , the leader of an evil organization known as `` M.A.D. '' The series launched the Inspector Gadget franchise . This is the first syndicated cartoon show from DIC Entertainment , as well as the first from the company to be created specifically for US viewers , along with The Littles . It originally ran from 1983 to 1986 and remained in syndication into the late 1990s . It was shown on ABC in Australia from 26 July 1984 to 8 February 1991 . Created by Andy Heyward , Bruno Bianchi , and DiC 's founder Jean Chalopin , the series was a co-production between DiC Entertainment ( at the time named DiC Enterprices ) and the Canadian studio Nelvana , which DiC outsourced the pre-production to . The animation work was outsourced to Asian studios Tokyo Movie Shinsha in Japan and Cuckoo 's Nest Studio in Taiwan . It was the first animated television series to be presented in stereo sound .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd08c03de3c0b22deb87525fb1db317b", "text": "TV Nation TV Nation is a satirical newsmagazine television series written , directed and hosted by Michael Moore that was co-funded and originally broadcast by NBC in the United States and BBC2 in the United Kingdom . The show blended humor and journalism into provocative reports about various issues . After moving to Fox for its second ( and final ) season , the show won an Emmy Award in 1995 for Outstanding Informational Series . TV Nation was created in the wake of the success Moore had with the documentary Roger & Me , prompting Warner Bros. . Television to ask Moore for television series ideas . In January 1993 , NBC green-lit a pilot episode which took three months to complete . Interest from the BBC prompted NBC to insert the show into its summer 1994 lineup .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a9be7db6d1970266494875fbb9af96f4", "text": "Game of Arms Game of Arms is an American television series that debut February 25 , 2014 , on AMC . The series is a reality television show about American competitive arm wrestlers . The series follows arm wrestling clubs in Erie , Pennsylvania ; Kansas City , Missouri ; New York City ; Sacramento , California , and Baton Rouge , Louisiana . Prior to its broadcast , the series was initially known as King of Arms . On September 11 , 2014 , AMC renewed the series for a second season . However it canceled the series a month later in mid-production as part of the network ending nearly all their reality series and refocusing completely on fictional dramas for their original series output .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f38d0d8807fa3a3cf013ccd9ed9660f2", "text": "Street Fighter: Assassin's Fist Street Fighter : Assassin 's Fist , known in Japan as is a British live-action web series , TV series and feature film in the martial arts film genre developed by director , fight choreographer , writer , actor and martial artist Joey Ansah and actor , writer and martial artist Christian Howard . Based on the popular video game series by Capcom , Street Fighter , the story focuses on Ryu and Ken as they uncover the past of their master , Gouken , and learn the secrets of their Dark Art , Ansatsuken . The web series format was released on Machinima 's YouTube channel on May 23 , 2014 while the subsequent formats ( TV & DVD/Blu-ray ) were released later the same year , and IFC Films released the film on January 7 , 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1969ac4f7bdbc35cf63099363487f62", "text": "Emergency! Not to be confused with Emergency , a TV program aired on GMA Network in the Philippines . Emergency ! is an American television series that combines the medical drama and action-adventure genres . It was a joint production of Mark VII Limited and Universal Television . It debuted on NBC as a midseason replacement on January 15 , 1972 , replacing the two short-lived series The Partners and The Good Life , and ran until May 28 , 1977 , with six additional two-hour television films during the next two years . Emergency ! was created and produced by Jack Webb and Robert A. Cinader , who were also responsible for the police dramas Adam-12 and Dragnet . Harold Jack Bloom is also credited as a creator ; Webb does not receive screen credit as a creator . In the show 's original TV-movie pilot , Webb was credited only as its director . The series stars Randolph Mantooth and Kevin Tighe as two specially trained firefighters , who formed Squad 51 , part of the then innovative field of paramedics , who were authorized to provide initial emergency medical care to victims of accidents , fires , and other incidents in the field in order to stabilize them for transport to medical facilities . The plot of the initial pilot film described the passing of state legislation , eventually signed by then State Governor Ronald Reagan , and was called `` The Wedsworth-Townsend Act . '' It authorized paramedic units to operate in the field without conventional medical personnel on site , albeit in radio contact with an assigned hospital . Squad 51 worked in concert with the fictional Rampart General Hospital medical staff ( portrayed by Robert Fuller , Julie London , and Bobby Troup ) , who took over each patient 's case from the paramedics who worked in the field . Nearly 30 years after Emergency ! debuted , the Smithsonian Institution accepted Emergency ! memorabilia into its National Museum of American History 's public-service section , including the firefighters ' helmets , turnouts , biophone , and defibrillator . The vehicles of Station 51 are a part of the collection of the Los Angeles County Fire Museum .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87bf8e0ed509856ee42ed1c231f23acf", "text": "G2G (TV series) G2G : Got to Go , is an animated television series co-produced by Moody Street Kids ( Australia ) and March Entertainment ( Canada ) . The series focuses on the life of a preteen girl , Maddison Marples-Macintosh , who assumes the role of an online advice columnist on her school 's website . The original series ran for 26 half-hour episodes , and premiered on the Nine Network in Australia in 2008 . In 2010 , the show began airing on CBC Television in Canada . The network also published an online game associated with the series , called G2G : Extra Credit . The show typically begins with Maddison receiving an e-mail on her PDA about the troubles of anonymous students in her school and her trying to give that person advice , while ironically facing a problem nearly identical to the one described in the e-mail , which often ends up giving her the answer she needs to help the troubled sender .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd2c1ea1d12bd310611fc8e5a0ef4463", "text": "Canal Sony (Latin America) Canal Sony ( `` Sony Channel '' , in both Spanish and Portuguese ; formerly called Sony Entertainment Television ) , is a general entertainment channel co-based in Perú , Chile , Venezuela , Brazil and Miami , Florida , United States . It airs in 26 countries in Latin America , and is owned by Sony Pictures Entertainment . In the region , it is distributed by HBO Latin America Group . It was the first pan-regional basic channel that offered programming in its original English language with subtitles and became an award-winning trend setting network . Canal Sony began transmission in August 1995 , as a basic cable television channel . Its first launch in Mexico was on Televisa 's Cablevision cable TV system in March 1996 followed by its launch in Brazil that same Spring . Unlike most national television networks in Latin America , which air all imported shows dubbed in Spanish or Portuguese , Sony started airing its programming with subtitles which led to its role as a regional leader . Canal Sony shows new or recent American comedy , drama and reality series such as Will & Grace , American Idol , 'Til Death , 30 Rock , Queer Eye for the Straight Guy , Falcon Beach , America 's Next Top Model , Scrubs , My Wife and Kids , Everybody Hates Chris , Medium , Ghost Whisperer , Saturday Night Live , Charmed , Whose Line Is It Anyway ? , Grey 's Anatomy , According to Jim , Desperate Housewives , That '70s Show , Ugly Betty , Big Day , Samantha Who ? and reruns or previous seasons of shows such as Seinfeld , Mad About You , Dawson 's Creek , Melrose Place , Beverly Hills , 90210 , Married ... with Children , The Nanny , My Wife and Kids and Frasier . Recently it has been broadcasting several hard comedy series , particularly from the UK such as Balls of Steel and Da Ali G Show . The channel 's biggest production so far is : Latin American Idol . The first season included 20 countries , with auditions in Caracas , Venezuela , Bogotá , Colombia , Mexico City and finishing in Buenos Aires , Argentina , the host country . The show did not include Brazil , because the country already has their own version on terrestrial television . The winner of the first season was Mayre Martinez from Venezuela , winning , amongst other prizes , a record deal , a car and a record contract . On June 12 , a redesign of the channel welcomed three new original productions by SET . Nada Que Ver was the first one , but it aired for a very short period of time , and was replaced with The IT Crowd due to unpopularity and criticism . Recently the first season of The IT Crowd finished and Nada Que Ver , returned to the programation of P.I ( Politically Incorrect , also named after the sound of a bleep in Spanish diction ) . FusionA2 ( Fused ) is a reality show in which two bands are brought together for two days to prepare and play a song together . And Ya es 1/2 Día en China ( It 's Noon in China ) A late night show in the format of NBC 's The Tonight Show with Jay Leno . The show is currently hosted by Luis Chataing . Canal Sony regularly cooperates with popular brands , like Sony Ericsson , or Sony 's competitors , like Philips , to present new products in their mini-show `` Los Huevos de Oro '' ( The Golden Eggs ) , which is shown during commercial breaks . SET also shows music videos , as occasional time-fillers . Another popular feature the channel has been known for is Si Se Lo Perdió ( in Portuguese , Vale o Bis ) , which means `` In Case You Missed It '' , a block that would re-air any new episodes of prime time shows that aired during the week on Sundays , convenient for those that missed the original airings during the week . Nada que Ver is not aired in Brazil and is not on air currently . Ugly Betty was aired in Mexico , starting April 2008 . Sony started airing movies in Tuesday 's prime time . Although the name of the slot refers to Hollywood-produced humor , the movies aired are all romantic comedies , such as Little Black Book , America 's Sweethearts , and My Best Friend 's Wedding . In December 2009 , this space was moved to Saturdays , until it was eventually dropped in 2010 , though a movie block will return to the Brazilian feed on Thursdays , starting in April 2011 , as Cine Sony . At the same time , this block returned to the other regional feeds in Spanish , but on Fridays , as EPH : Espacio Producido Hollywood ( `` Hollywood-Produced Space '' ) . The channel has aired original shows , such as Mexico 's Next Top Model and Brazil 's Next Top Model ( Both based in America 's Next Top Model , which airs on the channel ) . Other original Latin-American series that premiered on the channel are Los Simuladores and Los Caballeros las prefieren Brutas . In 2011 , the Sony Pictures channels in Brazil gained greater independence from the Spanish-language feeds , and as part of that , it was announced that CSI : Crime Scene Investigation would return to Canal Sony in Brazil , while in the rest of the region , that show remains on sister channel AXN . In October 2011 , CSI : Miami would make such channel switch in Brazil . CSI : NY remains seen on AXN in the entire region .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bca189a3bd5c1ab66e5514d4bceff64b", "text": "Mercy Point Mercy Point is an American science fiction medical drama , created by Trey Callaway , David Simkins , and Milo Frank , which originally aired for one season on United Paramount Network ( UPN ) from October 6 , 1998 , to July 15 , 1999 . With an ensemble cast led by : Joe Morton , Maria del Mar , Alexandra Wilson , Brian McNamara , Salli Richardson , Julia Pennington , Gay Thomas , Jordan Lund , and Joe Spano , the series takes place in a 23rd-century hospital space station located in deep space and revolves around its doctors and nurses . The series was produced by Mandalay Television and Columbia TriStar Television ; the executive producers were Trey Callaway , Michael Katleman , Lee David Zlotoff , Joe Voci , and Scott Sanders . Callaway developed Mercy Point from Frank 's script , `` Nightingale One '' , as a concept for a feature film under the working title of the same name . Even though it was picked up by Mandalay Television , the concept was eventually revised as a television project and renamed Mercy Point due to the disappointing commercial performance of the 1997 film Starship Troopers . The show was part of a $ 3 million deal between Mandalay Television and Columbia TriStar Television to produce 200 hours of material . It was filmed in Vancouver to reduce production costs , with the hospital sets constructed on a series of sound stages . Director Joe Napolitano had praised the show for its use of a complete set to allow for more intricate directing . Despite being envisioned as a companion to Star Trek : Voyager , it was paired with Moesha and Clueless as its lead-in on Tuesday nights . Initially focused on ethical and medical cases , the show 's storylines gradually shifted toward relating the characters ' personal relationships to better fit UPN 's primarily teen demographic . Mercy Point was placed on hiatus after only two episodes were aired , and was replaced by the reality television series America 's Greatest Pets and the sitcom Reunited . The show suffered from low viewership , with an average of two million viewers . The final four episodes of the series were broadcast in two , two-hour blocks on Thursday nights in July 1999 . It was never released on DVD or Blu-ray . Critical response to Mercy Point was mixed ; some television critics praised its characterization and use of science-fiction elements , while others found it to be uninteresting and unoriginal . Several media commentators negatively compared the show to other television programs . Callaway has stated that he had the potential story arcs for the full first season already planned before the show 's cancellation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "219a3456b45cb3d22affd1e1eb795122", "text": "Extended Data Services Extended Data Services ( now XDS , previously EDS ) , is an American standard classified under Electronic Industries Alliance standard CEA-608-E for the delivery of any ancillary data ( metadata ) to be sent with an analog television program , or any other NTSC video signal . XDS is used by TV stations , TV networks , and TV program syndication distributors in the USA for several purposes . Here are some of the most common uses of XDS : The `` autoclock '' system delivers time data via an XDS `` Time-of-Day Packet '' for automatically setting the clock of newer TVs & VCRs sold in the USA . Most PBS stations provide this service . Rudimentary program information which can be displayed on-screen , such as the name and remaining time of the program , Station identification , V-chip content ratings data . XDS is also used by the American TV network ABC for their Network Alert System ( NAS ) . NAS is a one-way communication system used by ABC to inform and alert their local affiliate stations across the USA of information regarding ABC 's network programming ( such as program timings & changes , news special report information , etc. ) , using a special decoder manufactured for ABC by EEG Enterprises , a manufacturer of related equipment for the TV broadcast industry such as closed captioning and general-purpose XDS encoders . The CBS Television Network uses a similar method to transmit three separate internal messaging services to stations : one for programming departments , one for master control operations , and one for newsrooms . Many standard definition receivers produced by Dish Network encode XDS data into their output signal . Data encoded includes time of day , program name , program description , program time remaining , channel identification , and content rating . This data is obtained from the satellite service 's EPG and replaces any data which may have been present when the signal was uplinked . XDS uses the same line in the vertical blanking interval as closed captioning ( NTSC line 21 ) , and shares the available second video field bandwidth with the closed captioning channels CC3 and CC4 , and with the text channels TXT3 and TXT4 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef5b4bbc1956cc6ad28023a6f9639874", "text": "Rescue 911 Rescue 911 was an informational docudrama television series that premiered on CBS on April 18 , 1989 and ended on August 27 , 1996 . The series was hosted by William Shatner and featured reenactments ( and occasionally real footage ) of emergency situations that often involved calls to 911 . Though never intended as a teaching tool , various viewers used the knowledge they obtained watching the show . Two specials , titled `` 100 Lives Saved '' and `` 200 Lives Saved , '' were dedicated to these viewers who had written to CBS with their stories on how the knowledge they obtained watching the show allowed them to save the life of someone else . At least 350 lives have been saved as a result of what viewers learned from watching it . The show 's popularity coincided with the widespread adoption of the 911 emergency system , replacing standalone police and fire numbers that would vary from municipality to municipality . The number is now universally understood in the United States and Canada to be the number dialed for emergency assistance nationwide . At its height , the show was adapted in 45 countries ( with their own 911 equivalent showcased ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea51e3306ba90255fefecbe2d95992e6", "text": "Procedural drama A procedural drama is a genre of television programming which focuses on how crimes are solved or some other aspect of a law enforcement agency , legislative body , or court of law . Some dramas include a lab or conference room with high-tech or state-of-the-art equipment where the main characters meet to work out the problem . Shows usually have an episodic format that does not require the viewer to have seen previous episodes . Episodes typically have a self-contained , also referred to as stand-alone , plot that is introduced and resolved within the same episode . The procedural format is popular around the world . In 2011 , the director of a TV consultancy said , `` The continuing trend is for procedurals because they use a predictable structure . '' Due to their stand-alone episodic nature , they are more accessible to new viewers than serials . Self-contained episodes also make it easier for viewers to return to a show if they have missed some episodes . In general , procedural dramas can usually be re-run with little concern for episode order . Procedurals are often criticized for being formulaic . Procedurals are also generally less character-driven than serialized shows . However , some procedurals have more character emphasis than is typical of the format . Some may occasionally feature a storyline stretching over several episodes . A popular variant is the police procedural .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40a6e4005ea48e95c7341ee2c912f5f5", "text": "The Code (2014 TV series) The Code is an Australian drama television program created and produced by Shelley Birse . Developed from a partnership between Playmaker Media and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation , it premiered on ABC1 in Australia on 21 September 2014 . Season 2 of The Code premiered on 1 September 2016 . The first six-part series , set in both outback and metropolitan areas of Australia , interweaves several plot lines . The first follows brothers Ned ( Dan Spielman ) and Jesse Banks ( Ashley Zukerman ) , who publish a video of a mysterious outback accident , and Hani Parande ( Adele Perovic ) , who becomes involved with them . The second follows the accident , which sees teacher Alex Wisham ( Lucy Lawless ) and policeman Tim Simons ( Aaron Pedersen ) becoming involved in the personal affairs of accused teenager Clarence Boyd ( Aaron L. McGrath ) . The third covers Ned 's journalism office , managed by Perry Benson ( Adam Garcia ) . The fourth chronicles the intrigues of Deputy Prime Minister Ian Bradley ( David Wenham ) , and political staffers Randall Keats ( Aden Young ) and Sophie Walsh ( Chelsie Preston Crayford ) while the after-effects of the accident unfold . ABC in June 2015 renewed The Code for a second season , after receiving significant funding from the Australian Capital Territory 's film fund , Screen ACT . The new series that commenced screening in 2016 , deals with fictional brothers Ned and Jesse Banks facing deportation to the United States of America to face trial in connection with security breaches . Anthony LaPaglia , Sigrid Thornton , Robyn Malcolm , and others joined the cast for the second series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64b2e9e66a890898780960c95c4da27b", "text": "J9 Series The is a trilogy of Japanese Super Robot mecha anime television series . The anime were broadcast by TV Tokyo ( TX Network ) from 1981 to 1984 , the 80 's trilogy was animated by Kokusai Eiga-sha and produced by Movie International Co.Ltd . In 2014 , a fourth series was announced to be in production for a 2016 release , with the original creative and production team reunited after 30 years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc920cd390136f1a803c3cb9350f137c", "text": "522666 '' ' 522666 '' is the fifth episode of the first season of the American crime-thriller television series Millennium . It premiered on the Fox network on November 22 , 1996 . The episode was written by Glen Morgan and James Wong , and directed by David Nutter . `` 522666 '' featured guest appearances by Sam Anderson , Hiro Kanagawa and Joe Chrest . Millennium Group consultant Frank Black ( Lance Henriksen ) is approached by the FBI when a series of bombs are detonated in Washington , DC . Black 's investigation soon reveals that the culprit seeks to be seen as a hero , setting off explosions in order to rescue people from the scenes ; leaving Black to track down the fame-hungry bomber before more people are killed . `` 522666 '' was one of many collaborations between Nutter , Morgan and Wong , with the three having worked together on several television series previously . The episode opens with a reference to existentialist philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre , and featured Henriksen performing all of his own stunts .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "9ca4cbb6380d5ca7c45e75602df62702", "text": "Deadpool (film) Deadpool is a 2016 American superhero film directed by Tim Miller and written by Rhett Reese and Paul Wernick , based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . It is the eighth installment and a spin-off in the X-Men film series , and stars Ryan Reynolds as the titular character , as well as Morena Baccarin , Ed Skrein , T. J. Miller , Gina Carano , Leslie Uggams , Brianna Hildebrand , and Stefan Kapičić . In the film , antihero Deadpool hunts the man who nearly destroyed his life while also trying to reunite with his lost love . Development began in February 2004 with New Line Cinema , but moved in March 2005 to 20th Century Fox who bought the film rights . In May 2009 , after Reynolds portrayed the character in X-Men Origins : Wolverine , to the general disappointment of fans , Fox lent the film to writers , and Miller was hired for his directorial debut in April 2011 . Enthusiastic acclaim for leaked CGI test footage by Miller in July 2014 led to Fox greenlighting the film in September . Additional casting began in early 2015 , and principal photography commenced in Vancouver from March to May . Deadpool premiered in Paris on February 8 , 2016 , and was released on February 12 in the United States in IMAX , DLP , D-Box , and premium large format . Critics praised Reynolds ' performance as well as the film 's style , faithful depiction of the titular character , and action sequences , but criticized its plot as formulaic . It received various awards and nominations , including two Golden Globe Award nominations for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy and Best Actor -- Motion Picture Musical or Comedy , and a Producers Guild of America Award nomination for Best Theatrical Motion Picture . It also won two Critics ' Choice Movie Awards for Best Comedy and Best Actor in a Comedy . The film was also a significant commercial success , grossing over $ 783million worldwide and breaking numerous box-office records , becoming the ninth highest-grossing film of 2016 , the highest-grossing R-rated film of all time when unadjusted for inflation , and the highest-grossing X-Men film . Shortly after the film 's success , Fox ordered development of a sequel scheduled to be released on June 1 , 2018 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "76f27bc047ebdb51af1644fa2812acc1", "text": "Afterlife (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.) `` Afterlife '' is the sixteenth episode of the second season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they face a rival faction of S.H.I.E.L.D. while Skye goes to Afterlife , a secret haven for people like her . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by Craig Titley , and directed by Kevin Hooks . Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by series regulars Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , Nick Blood , and Adrianne Palicki . `` Afterlife '' originally aired on ABC on April 7 , 2015 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 4.24 million viewers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a4994211af3096a392463c6bae114f4", "text": "Ghost Rider Ghost Rider is the name of several fictional supernatural antiheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Marvel had previously used the name for a Western character whose name was later changed to Phantom Rider . The first supernatural Ghost Rider is stunt motorcyclist Johnny Blaze , who , in order to save the life of his father , agreed to give his soul to `` Satan '' ( later revealed to be an arch-demon named Mephisto ) . At night and when around evil , Blaze finds his flesh consumed by hellfire , causing his head to become a flaming skull . He rides a fiery motorcycle and wields blasts of hellfire from his body , usually from his skeletal hands . He eventually learns he has been bonded with the demon Zarathos . Blaze starred in the series from 1972 to 1983 . The subsequent Ghost Rider series ( 1990 -- 1998 ) featured Danny Ketch as a new Ghost Rider . After his sister was injured by ninja gangsters , Ketch came in contact with a motorcycle that had somehow been mystically enchanted to contain the essence of a Spirit of Vengeance . Blaze reappeared in this 1990s series as a supporting character , and it was later revealed that Danny and his sister were Johnny Blaze 's long lost siblings . In 2000s comics , Blaze again became the Ghost Rider , succeeding Ketch . In 2013 , Robbie Reyes became Ghost Rider as part of the Marvel NOW ! initiative . Nicolas Cage starred as the Johnny Blaze iteration of the character in the 2007 film Ghost Rider and the sequel Ghost Rider : Spirit of Vengeance in 2012 . Gabriel Luna plays the Robbie Reyes version in the television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9d8c1230a651134bc1b5f236d84d103", "text": "Julie St. Claire Julie St. Claire ( born Juliette Marie Capone ; June 10 , 1970 ) , is an American actress , director and producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c0b2966191782f220748ff4eb0a679c", "text": "Curse of the Black Widow Curse of the Black Widow is a 1977 American made-for-television horror film directed by Dan Curtis and starring Anthony Franciosa , Donna Mills , Patty Duke , Vic Morrow and June Allyson . It originally aired on ABC on September 16 , 1977 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8d003301901788c14fa04f007ea633a", "text": "Arachnophobia (film) Arachnophobia is a 1990 American thriller-comedy film directed by Frank Marshall and starring Jeff Daniels and John Goodman . It was the first film released by The Walt Disney Studios ' Hollywood Pictures label , as well as being the directorial debut of Marshall . The film 's story centers on a newly discovered Venezuelan spider being transported to a small American town that produces a new species of deadly spiders , which begin killing the town 's residents one by one . Shooting took place in Venezuela and California and the film was released in the United States on July 18 , 1990 . It was a modest commercial success , gaining $ 53.21 million at the box office . It received generally positive reviews from critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a435e9300baafc7623581562f4026c41", "text": "Jack Reed: Badge of Honor Jack Reed : Badge of Honor is a 1993 crime drama made-for-television film written by Andrew Laskos , directed by Kevin Connor starring Brian Dennehy , Susan Ruttan , and Alice Krige . It was the sequel to the 1992 made-for-TV crime drama Deadly Matrimony , continuing the fictional Jack Reed character in a television film series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33e7422334fa6e7fe069b3f611299dfd", "text": "Chloe Bennet Chloe Bennet ( born Chloé Wang , April 18 , 1992 ) is an American actress and singer . She is commonly known for her role as Daisy Johnson ( formerly known as Skye ) in the ABC spy-fi series Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a58ce60fbc2861c452895c418a2ad2f", "text": "Brianna Hildebrand Brianna Caitlin Hildebrand ( born August 14 , 1996 ) is an American actress . She is known for appearing in the web series Annie Undocumented , and as Negasonic Teenage Warhead in the 2016 film Deadpool .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "760d9c4bb19b849a0e4d5da2c8ee0aaa", "text": "Scrawl (film) Scrawl is a 2015 independent British supernatural horror-thriller film written and directed by Peter Hearn and produced by Annabelle Le Gresley and Hearn . It stars Liam Hughes , Joe Daly , Daisy Ridley , Mark Forester Evans , Le Gresley , Nathalie Pownall , Catherine Ruddick and Derek Jones . It tells the story of two best friends , Simon and Joe , who must rewrite the happenings from the comic book , Scrawl , after realizing that the events occurred from the comic begins to happen . It is also Ridley 's film debut just before Star Wars : The Force Awakens . The film received positive reviews . As of 2016 , the film is still lining up for indie horror festivals , playing a longer version than the final cut .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21e3ea1d34b486fc70b45102c3d909e8", "text": "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon , Jed Whedon , and Maurissa Tancharoen , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise . The series stars Clark Gregg , reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films , as well as Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , and Elizabeth Henstridge . Nick Blood and Adrianne Palicki joined the cast for the second and third seasons , while Henry Simmons and Luke Mitchell had recurring roles in the second season before being promoted to the main cast for the third . John Hannah , who recurred in the third season , joined the main cast in the fourth . Additionally , several other characters from Marvel Cinematic Universe films and Marvel One-Shots also appear throughout the series , along with other characters based on various Marvel Comics properties . Several characters from the series also appear in the supplemental digital series Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. : Slingshot . This list includes the series ' main cast , all guest stars deemed to have had recurring roles throughout the series , and any other guest who is otherwise notable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00a47f45a8903ab372e4f8938ed1c815", "text": "List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times . Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 . BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design . At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf5e8fae2871834f2d6c1fada99e5dd9", "text": "Devils You Know `` Devils You Know '' is the fourth episode of the third season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they work with a rival organization to hunt Inhumans . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by Paul Zbyszewski , and directed by Ron Underwood . Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by series regulars Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , Nick Blood , Adrianne Palicki , and Henry Simmons . The visual effects for guest star Chad Lindberg 's Inhuman character 's abilities were provided by FuseFX . `` Devils You Know '' originally aired on ABC on October 20 , 2015 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 3.85 million viewers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33aa33a7f1e1a9246fc97e673785171b", "text": "More Dead Than Alive More Dead Than Alive is a 1969 film directed by Robert Sparr and produced by Aubrey Schenck . It was filmed at Agua Dulce , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3d483e6dd760880652b96bcca5bcd91", "text": "Universal Soldier: Regeneration Universal Soldier : Regeneration ( also known in some countries as Universal Soldier : A New Beginning ) is a 2009 American sci-fi action film directed and edited by John Hyams ( the son of director Peter Hyams , who previously worked with Jean-Claude Van Damme on three films , 1994 's Timecop , 1995 's Sudden Death and 2013 's Enemies Closer ; in this film Peter is the director of photography ) . The film stars Jean-Claude Van Damme and Dolph Lundgren , who both reprise their roles from the first film . It is the third theatrical installment in the Universal Soldier series . The film is a direct sequel to the original Universal Soldier from 1992 , unrelated to the two Universal Soldier television sequels that were produced in 1998 and completely ignores the events from the 1999 theatrical sequel Universal Soldier : The Return . MMA fighter Andrei `` The Pit Bull '' Arlovski stars as ` NGU ' ( Next Generation UniSol ) , a Universal Soldier of the latest type , along with fellow MMA fighter Mike Pyle as Capt. Kevin Burke . Tekken star Jon Foo appears as a cameo in the film as one of the four UniSols . The film was released theatrically in the Middle East and Southeast Asia and directly to video in the United States and other parts of the world . The film has received average to mixed reviews , but it has since developed a notable cult following .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a8ca574ece44e5e71890fe6736b6ea0", "text": "List of comics characters which originated in other media This list is for original fictional characters created for adaptations of comic books in other forms of media ( television series , films , books , games and advertising ) . It includes characters like Firestar and X-23 that were later incorporated into mainstream comics . The category does not include preexisting characters from fiction ( books , film , television , etc. ) such as Dracula , Conan or Rima that were later incorporated into comics . Characters unique to certain movies and television programs such as Rachel Dawes and Max Shreck are not included on this list because they do not have counterparts in any mainstream comic book . DC Comics : Nora Fries Gleek ( Super Friends ) Ethan Bennett Mercy Graves Gray Ghost ( fictional character ) Inspector William Henderson Isis ( DC Comics ) Inque King Tut ( Batman ) Livewire ( DC Comics ) Lock-Up ( comics ) Lionel Luthor Batman ( Terry McGinnis ) Renee Montoya Más y Menos Non ( DC Comics ) Jimmy Olsen Harley Quinn Roxy Rocket Samurai ( Super Friends ) Chloe Sullivan Ursa ( comics ) Wendy and Marvin Kristin Wells Perry White Wonder Twins Cinderblock ( comics ) John Diggle ( Arrow ) Marvel Comics : Firestar Lightwave Ms. Lion H.E.R.B.I.E. Hypnotia Iceberg Icemaster Spyke Abraham Whistler X-23 Phil Coulson Erik Selvig Melinda May Leo Fitz Jemma Simmons Antoine Triplett Anna Jarvis Other publishers : Cammy Jessica Priest Launchpad McQuack", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55f058a1b5f7e94db7a52add4333c834", "text": "Sandi Brandenberg Sandi Brandenberg is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . She is usually depicted as a supporting character and has been associated with both Deadpool and Agent X.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "601c999353b05e482bdc578bda7fd3f5", "text": "38th Saturn Awards The 38th Saturn Awards , honoring the best in science fiction , fantasy and horror film and television in 2011 , were held on July 26 , 2012 in Burbank , California . The awards are presented by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy and Horror Films . The six Best Film Award categories were respectively won by Rise of the Planet of the Apes ( Science Fiction ) , Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 ( Fantasy ) , The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( Horror or Thriller ) , Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol ( Action or Adventure ) , The Skin I Live In ( International ) and Puss in Boots ( Animated ) . Rise of the Planet of the Apes and Super 8 led the winners with three each . In the television categories , Breaking Bad won three of its six nominations , including Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series . Fringe , The Walking Dead and Teen Wolf won the other Best Series Awards . Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 became the first Harry Potter film to win Best Fantasy Film , for which the seven previous Harry Potter films were nominated , and only the second film of the series to win a Saturn Award , following The Philosopher 's Stone which won Best Costume in 2001 . Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol also became the first Mission : Impossible film to win Best Action or Adventure Film , following the nominations of the first and third installments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c12914bd41fcff20e9b91fdfab33c140", "text": "Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance Ghost Rider : Spirit of Vengeance ( also known as Ghost Rider 2 ) is a 2011 American 3D supernatural superhero film based on the Marvel Comics antihero Ghost Rider . It is the stand-alone sequel to the 2007 film Ghost Rider and features Nicolas Cage as Johnny Blaze/Ghost Rider with supporting roles portrayed by Ciarán Hinds ( replacing Peter Fonda ) , Violante Placido , Johnny Whitworth , Christopher Lambert , and Idris Elba . The film was directed by Mark Neveldine and Brian Taylor , from a screenplay written by David S. Goyer , Scott M. Gimple and Seth Hoffman . Ghost Rider : Spirit of Vengeance was released in theaters on February 17 , 2012 in 3D and 2D . Critical reception was largely negative ; critics and fans criticized the script , CGI , and acting . Despite this , the film grossed more than $ 132 million against its $ 57 million budget . Nicolas Cage has said that he is `` done '' with the Ghost Rider films and a planned sequel was canceled . By May 2013 , the film rights to Ghost Rider had reverted to Marvel Studios and the Robbie Reyes version of Ghost Rider appears in Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cddc20dd18f3e8b71a33154c48dcda9d", "text": "Galactus Galactus is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Formerly a mortal man , Galactus is a cosmic entity who originally consumed planets to sustain his life force , and serves a functional role in the upkeep of the primary Marvel continuity . Galactus was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby and first appeared in the comic book Fantastic Four # 48 , published in March 1966 . Lee and Kirby had desired to introduce a character that broke away from the archetype of the standard villain , culminating in the creation of Galactus . In the character 's first appearance Galactus was depicted as a god-like figure who feeds by draining living planets of their energy , and operates without regard to the morality and judgements of mortal beings . Galactus ' initial origin was that of a space explorer named Galan who gained cosmic abilities by passing near a star , but writer Mark Gruenwald further developed the origin of the character , revealing that Galan lived during the previous universe . As Galan 's universe came to an end , Galan merged with the `` Sentience of the Universe '' to become Galactus , an entity that wielded such cosmic power as to require devouring entire planets to sustain his existence . Additional material written by John Byrne , Jim Starlin , and Louise Simonson explored Galactus ' role and purpose in the Marvel Universe , and examined the actions of the character through themes of genocide , manifest destiny , ethics , and natural/necessary existence . Frequently accompanied by a herald ( such as the Silver Surfer ) , the character has appeared as both antagonist and protagonist in central and supporting roles . Since debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books , Galactus has played a role in over five decades of Marvel continuity . The character has been featured in other Marvel media , such as arcade games , video games , animated television series , and the 2007 film Fantastic Four : Rise of the Silver Surfer . In 2009 , Galactus ranked 5th on IGN 's list of `` Top 100 Comic Book Villains '' , citing the character 's `` larger than life presence '' as making him one of the more important villains ever created . IGN also noted `` Galactus is one of the few villains on our list to really defy the definition of an evil-doer '' as the character is compelled to destroy worlds because of his hunger .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "41cec2999472f3454147f4103b7cf73d", "text": "Edgardo Miranda-Rodriguez Edgardo Miranda-Rodriguez ( born June 21 , 1970 ) is a writer at Marvel Entertainment , Editor-in-Chief at Darryl Makes Comics LLC , Art Director/Owner at Somos Arte and Studio Edgardo creative services , and creator of `` La Borinqueña '' '' a new and original comic book character that has grown into a cultural phenomenon and a nationally recognized symbol of Puerto Rican patriotism , social justice , and equality for all . New Jersey-born and Bronx-raised , Miranda-Rodriguez considers himself , above all , a Nuyorican .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "17fbd8f66111ebe82eda16aaf290921e", "text": "Eminem Marshall Bruce Mathers III ( born October 17 , 1972 ) , known professionally as Eminem ( often stylized as EMINƎM ) , is an American rapper , record producer , and actor . Eminem is the best-selling artist of the 2000s in the United States . Throughout his career , he has had 10 number-one albums on the Billboard 200 and five number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 . With US sales of 45.1 million albums and 42 million tracks as of June 2014 , Eminem is the second best-selling male artist of the Nielsen SoundScan era , the sixth best-selling artist in the United States and the best-selling hip-hop artist . Globally , he has sold more than 172 million albums , thus being one of the world 's best-selling artists . Rolling Stone ranked him 83rd on its list of 100 Greatest Artists of All Time , calling him the King of Hip Hop . After his debut album Infinite ( 1996 ) and the Slim Shady EP ( 1997 ) , Eminem signed with Dr. Dre 's Aftermath Entertainment and subsequently achieved mainstream popularity in 1999 with The Slim Shady LP , which earned him his first Grammy Award for Best Rap Album . His next two releases , 2000 's The Marshall Mathers LP and 2002 's The Eminem Show , were worldwide successes , with each being certified diamond in U.S. sales , and both winning Best Rap Album Grammy Awards -- making Eminem the first artist to win the award for three consecutive LPs . They were followed by Encore in 2004 , another critical and commercial success . Eminem went on hiatus after touring in 2005 , releasing Relapse in 2009 and Recovery in 2010 . Both won Grammy Awards and Recovery was the best-selling album of 2010 worldwide , the second time he had the international best-selling album of the year ( after The Eminem Show ) . Eminem 's eighth album , 2013 's The Marshall Mathers LP 2 , won two Grammy Awards , including Best Rap Album ; it expanded his record for the most wins in that category and his Grammy total to 15 . In addition to his solo career , Eminem is an original member of the Midwest hip hop groups Soul Intent and D12 . He is also known for his collaborations with fellow Detroit-based rapper Royce da 5 ' 9 '' ; the two are collectively known as Bad Meets Evil . Eminem has developed other ventures , including Shady Records , with manager Paul Rosenberg , which helped launch the careers of artists such as 50 Cent . Eminem has also established his own channel , Shade 45 , on Sirius XM Radio . In November 2002 , he starred in the hip hop film 8 Mile , which won the Academy Award for Best Original Song , for `` Lose Yourself '' , becoming the first rap artist to win the award . Eminem has made cameo appearances in the films The Wash ( 2001 ) , Funny People ( 2009 ) , The Interview ( 2014 ) and the television series Entourage ( 2010 ) .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "38c2c4b2a8ee2dabc22e6f59e4c9f5a5", "text": "E=MC² (Mariah Carey album) E = MC ² is the eleventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey . It was released in the United States on April 15 , 2008 by Island Records . The singer began recording the album in 2007 in Anguilla , after writing and composing most of its material during and after her 2006 Adventures of Mimi Tour . Carey worked with several notable songwriters and producers during the course of the project , including Jermaine Dupri , Bryan-Michael Cox , Stargate , The-Dream , Tricky Stewart , Scott Storch and Danja . The album revealed a more personal side of the singer , illustrated in its declarative theme of emancipation from her previous marriage , and from her personal and professional setbacks . Although it shared similar vocal production as well as an inclination to her signature pop and R&B ballads , the album also encompassed a variety of dance-oriented and uptempo styles . It was meant to be a continuation , or a second part of her tenth studio album , The Emancipation of Mimi ( 2005 ) . Carey collaborated with a number of artists on the album , including T-Pain , Damian Marley and Young Jeezy . Though considered by critics very similar to the formula its predecessor had been built on , E = MC ² included other genres she had never explored , such as reggae , and her continued recording of gospel-influenced hymns . E = MC ² was generally well received by music critics , with many complimenting the record 's broad genre influences , and musical and production styles . Some critics , however , felt that the album was too similar to The Emancipation of Mimi , and did n't offer anything new from the formula . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 with opening week sales of 463,000 copies ; the highest first-week sales of Carey 's career . It opened inside the top-five on the albums chart in Australia , Canada , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . The album achieved worldwide sales of over 2.5 million copies . Four singles were commission in promotion of the album . The album 's lead single , `` Touch My Body '' , became Carey 's eighteenth chart topper on the Billboard Hot 100 , making her the solo artist with the most number one singles in United States history , surpassing the record held by Elvis Presley . Additionally , it gave Carey her 79th week atop the chart , tying Presley for most weeks at number one . It achieved strong worldwide charting , peaking within the top five of the singles charts in Italy , Japan , New Zealand , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . `` Bye Bye '' served as the album 's second release . Although hailed by critics , and expected to have achieved large commercial success , the song stalled at number nineteen on the Hot 100 , and managed to chart weakly internationally . Both the third and fourth singles , `` I 'll Be Lovin ' U Long Time '' and `` I Stay in Love '' failed to garner success in any prominent music market .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90b3ba8e17da621f81a6cf0fb3e04635", "text": "I Need a Doctor `` I Need a Doctor '' is a single by American rappers Dr. Dre and Eminem and recording artist Skylar Grey . The song is produced by British record producer Alex da Kid , mixed by Dr. Dre , and was released for digital download through the American iTunes Store on February 1 , 2011 . Musically , `` I Need a Doctor '' is predominantly a rap song , backed by a `` spacey '' , drum-heavy production , with extra piano keys featured in the introduction and the chorus . Lyrically , the song is largely about Dr. Dre and Eminem 's close friendship , and how they have often needed and inspired each other in the past . Even though the song was leaked onto the Internet several months in advance of its release , it became a significant commercial success on its official release , particularly in the United States , where it peaked at number 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 , becoming Dr. Dre 's second highest peaking song on the chart ever , and also peaking in the upper regions of many national charts . As of October 2011 , it has sold over 2,206,000 digital copies in the United States alone .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0cc9b9a571f1ad13859c14f951c7c82f", "text": "50 Cent discography American rapper 50 Cent has released five studio albums , ten mixtapes , two video albums , four compilation albums , one soundtrack album , 76 singles ( including 26 as a featured artist ) , and 88 music videos . As of July 2014 , he is the sixth best-selling hip-hop artist of the Nielsen SoundScan era with 16,786,000 albums sold in the US . 50 Cent signed to Shady Records in 2002 and released his debut studio album , Get Rich or Die Tryin ' , on February 6 , 2003 . The album peaked at number one in the US Billboard 200 and performed well in international markets . It features the number-one singles `` In da Club '' and `` 21 Questions '' and also includes the singles `` P.I.M.P. '' and `` If I Ca n't '' . 50 Cent collaborated with American rapper Lil ' Kim on `` Magic Stick '' , which peaked at number two in the US . In 2005 , he released his second studio album , The Massacre . The album charted at number one in the US , as well as reaching the top ten on many album charts worldwide , and sold 4.83 million copies in the United States in 2005 , the second highest sales count by any album that year . The Massacre includes the US top-three hits `` Disco Inferno '' and `` Just a Lil Bit '' , and the US number-one hit `` Candy Shop '' , which peaked in the top ten of many charts worldwide . A reissue of The Massacre produced the single `` Outta Control '' , which peaked at number six in the US . In November 2005 , 50 Cent starred in the movie Get Rich or Die Tryin ' , and recorded four singles for the film 's soundtrack : the international hits `` Hustler 's Ambition '' and `` Window Shopper '' , and also `` Best Friend '' and `` I 'll Whip Ya Head Boy '' . In 2007 , 50 Cent 's third studio album , Curtis , debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 , behind Kanye West 's album Graduation , after a much-hyped sales competition between the albums . Five singles were released from the album , including international hit `` Ayo Technology '' and Billboard hits `` Straight to the Bank '' , `` Amusement Park '' , `` I Get Money '' and `` I 'll Still Kill '' . In 2009 , he released his fourth studio album , Before I Self Destruct . Music critics described the album as a return to the darker , more intense style of music that 50 Cent exhibited on many of his early mixtapes . The album charted at number five on the Billboard 200 and peaked in the top twenty of several album charts worldwide . The album features two singles : the international hit `` Baby by Me '' , which peaked at number twenty-eight in the US , and `` Do You Think About Me '' . In June 2014 , 50 Cent released his fifth studio album , Animal Ambition . All of the songs on the standard edition of the album were released as singles prior to the album being delivered to the public . His upcoming sixth studio album , titled Street King Immortal , was preceded by the release of the non-album song `` Outlaw '' , which peaked at number eighty-seven in both the US and Canada , and a free download album -- 5 ( Murder by Numbers ) -- on July 6 , 2012 . Four singles were released in promotion for Street King Immortal : `` New Day '' , `` My Life '' , which reached number two on the UK Singles Chart , `` Major Distribution '' , and `` We Up '' , but the songs were scrapped and the album is now set to be released in 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5dd26717a6a403cb827f5ec4e1986cd", "text": "Country Grammar Country Grammar is the debut studio album by American rapper Nelly . It was released on June 27 , 2000 , by Universal Records ( who released the album after listening to demos by Nelly , before signing a record deal with the rapper in 1999 ) . The production on the album was handled by Jason `` Jay E '' Epperson , with additional production by C-Love , Kevin Law , City Spud , Steve `` Blast '' Wills and Basement Beats . Nelly contributed to all lyrics on the album , with Epperson and City Spud also contributing . The album introduced a unique Saint Louis , Midwestern sound , and introduces Nelly 's vocal style of pop-rap singalongs and Midwestern , Missouri twang . It was supported four successful singles : `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , `` E.I. '' , `` Ride wit Me '' and `` Batter Up '' . Its lead single , `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , peaked at number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 and UK Singles Chart . `` E.I. '' charted at number 16 , number 12 and number 11 on the Hot 100 , UK Singles Chart and ARIA Singles Chart , respectively . `` Ride wit Me '' peaked within the top five on the Hot 100 , ARIA Singles Chart , Irish Singles Chart and UK Singles Chart . The album 's fourth and final single , `` Batter Up '' featuring Murphy Lee and Ali , achieved moderate chart success . Country Grammar received positive reviews , with critics praising Nelly 's vocal style and the album 's production . It topped the US Billboard 200 chart for five consecutive weeks , and the US Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart for six consecutive weeks . It peaked in the top five on the New Zealand Albums Chart and Australian Albums Chart , as well as the top ten on the Canadian Albums Chart and Dutch Albums Chart . The album was certified three times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand ( RIANZ ) and Music Canada ( MC ) , denoting shipments of 45,000 and 300,000 copies , respectively . In 2016 , Country Grammar became the ninth hip hop album to be certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipment of 10 million copies in the US . Its commercial success secured Nelly 's status as one of the most successful hip hop acts of the 2000s decade . On Billboard decade-end chart , Nelly ranked as the third most successful act of the 2000s decade , due largely to the success of Country Grammar and his follow-up album Nellyville ( 2002 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d2ccfdb1a85788fd9729e6f267c988c", "text": "I'm Back I 'm Back may refer to : I 'm Back ( album ) , a 1998 album by James Brown `` I 'm Back '' , a song by Eminem from his album The Marshall Mathers LP `` I 'm Back '' ( song ) , a 2010 song by American rapper T.I. `` I 'm Back '' , a song by Monica from her album All Eyez on Me `` I 'm Back '' , a song by Ashley Tisdale from her album Guilty Pleasure `` I 'm Back '' , a song by Slim Thug from his album Boss of All Bosses `` I 'm Back '' , a song by The Box ( 1987 ) `` I 'm Back '' , a song by The Charmers ( 1964 ) `` I 'm Back '' , a song by Karrier ( 1984 ) `` I 'm Back '' , a song by Little Richard ( 1966 ) `` I 'm Back '' , a song by Sil Austin And His Orchestra ( 1958 ) `` I 'm Back '' , a song by Tommy Faia And The True Blue Facts ( 1968 ) `` I 'm Back '' , a song by Ile Kallio ( 1982 ) `` I 'm back '' , a variant of the Terminator 's `` I 'll be back '' phrase", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f23f0d745347bd4adab0b957cf55f98a", "text": "J. Cole discography American hip hop recording artist J. Cole has released four studio albums , one live album , one compilation album , two extended plays , three mixtapes , sixteen singles ( including nine as a featured artist ) , two promotional singles and twenty music videos . J. Cole first took up rapping in his teens , collaborating with the local Fayetteville hip hop duo Bomm Sheltuh . The Come Up , his debut mixtape , was released on May 4 , 2007 to positive reception . Following the release of The Come Up , J. Cole was contacted by American rapper Jay Z and subsequently signed to his record label Roc Nation . Cole released his second mixtape The Warm Up on June 15 , 2009 . `` Lights Please '' , the first single from The Warm Up , peaked at number nine on the United States Billboard Bubbling Under R&B / Hip-Hop Singles chart and became Cole 's first entry on a national record chart . He was later featured on `` All I Want Is You '' , a 2010 single by American R&B singer Miguel -- it peaked at number 58 on the US Billboard Hot 100 . J. Cole 's third mixtape Friday Night Lights was released on November 12 , 2010 . J. Cole released his debut studio album Cole World : The Sideline Story on September 27 , 2011 . It debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 , with first-week sales of 218,000 copies . The album 's lead single `` Work Out '' peaked at number thirteen on the Billboard Hot 100 and became a top ten hit on the Billboard Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs and Hot Rap Songs charts . Cole World : The Sideline Story was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , while `` Work Out '' was certified two times platinum . Two more singles were released from the album : `` Ca n't Get Enough '' and `` Nobody 's Perfect '' , which peaked at numbers 52 and 61 respectively on the Hot 100 . J. Cole 's second studio album Born Sinner was released on June 18 , 2013 . Its lead single , `` Power Trip '' , peaked at number 19 on the Hot 100 and received a platinum certification from the RIAA . On December 9 , 2014 , he released his third studio album 2014 Forest Hills Drive . The album was supported by four singles : `` Apparently '' , `` Wet Dreamz '' , `` No Role Modelz '' and `` Love Yourz '' . The album also went on to sell 353,000 copies in its first week , and became the first rap album in 25 years to be certified platinum in the US with no guest appearances . The songs `` No Role Modelz '' and `` Wet Dreamz '' later received a platinum certification from the RIAA . In addition to his fourth album , Cole released three singles in 2016 : `` Love Yourz '' , `` Everybody Dies '' , and `` False Prophets '' . His album 4 Your Eyez Only was released on the second anniversary of 2014 Forest Hill Drive . 4 Your Eyez Only was certified gold before it debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 , despite having no singles upon release . `` Deja Vu '' was later given a single release after peaking at number 7 on the Hot 100 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d155668c869b39ee8be8cf74aa5f690d", "text": "D12 D12 , an initialism for The Dirty Dozen , is an American hip hop group from Detroit , Michigan . D12 has had chart-topping albums in the United States , United Kingdom , and Australia . D12 was formed in 1996 , and achieved mainstream success after Eminem rose to international fame . The original lineup consisted of the members and their alter egos . This is where Slim Shady came from . D12 released the album Devil 's Night in 2001 and D12 World in 2004 , spawning numerous hits such as `` Fight Music '' , `` Purple Pills '' , `` My Band '' , `` How Come '' and `` Shit on You '' throughout that period . Since 2006 , Eminem 's hiatus and the death of the member Proof resulted in them being less active in subsequent years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2dd9d3b2e7d7cabc2b8e8c0d6d8d2012", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Missy Elliott Missy Elliott is an American rapper , singer-songwriter , author , record producer and actress . Missy 's debut album Supa Dupa Fly was released on July 15 , 1997 in the United States under her own label The Goldmind Inc. signed under Elektra Records . Her second album Da Real World was then released on June 22 , 1999 , followed by her third album Miss E. . . So Addictive , released on May 15 , 2001 . Under Construction was the fourth album released by Elliott , which was released on November 12 , 2002 , followed by her fifth album This Is Not a Test ! that saw a release in November 25 , 2003 , and The Cookbook , Elliott 's latest album to date , which was released on July 4 , 2005 . Throughout Missy Elliott 's career , she has received several awards and nominations . Elliott would also be noted to become the first female rapper in history to take home the award for `` Best International Video '' from VIVA Comet Media Awards for her solo debut single , `` The Rain ( Supa Dupa Fly ) '' . Elliott 's debut Supa Dupa Fly ( 1997 ) would go on to score two Grammy nominations for Best Rap Solo Performance & Best Rap Album , alongside three MTV Music Video Awards nominations for `` Best Direction in a Video , '' `` Best Breakthrough Video '' & `` Best Rap Video '' . Missy Elliott 's second album Da Real World ( 1999 ) attained a Grammy nomination for Best Rap Album . She also received an award for `` Best R&B / Soul or Rap Music Video '' by the Soul Train Awards . The album went on to go platinum making it Elliott 's second platinum album . The follow-up , Miss E. . . So Addictive ( 2001 ) , was a commercial success ; selling over 9.2 million copies worldwide making it her third consecutive platinum album . This album would attain twelve MTV Video Music Awards nominations throughout 2001 and 2002 . Additionally , the effort gained Elliott several nominations from various award shows some including , the Grammy Awards , MTV Video Music Awards , and the BET Awards . On March 27 , 2001 , Lil ' Kim , Christina Aguilera , Pink , and Mýa recorded a cover version of the LaBelle song , `` Lady Marmalade '' as a medley for the feature film Moulin Rouge that Missy Elliott wrote and produced , which topped # 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for five weeks . `` Lady Marmalade '' scored Elliott 's first Grammy Award in 2002 for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals . Missy Elliott 's fourth album Under Construction ( 2002 ) was certified double platinum , making it her fourth platinum album . The effort gained Elliott eight MTV Video Music Awards in 2003 , taking two awards for `` Video of the Year & `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . The album also gained Elliott five Grammy nominations in 2004 for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group , Best Rap Album , Album of The Year , Best Rap Song & Best Female Rap Solo Performance taking an award for Best Female Rap Solo Performance . Elliott 's follow-up This Is Not a Test ! ( 2003 ) would also attain a platinum certification , as well as two MTV Video Music Awards and one MTV Music Video Japan Awards nominations . The Cookbook ( 2005 ) is Missy Elliott 's latest album to date . The effort attained three Grammy nominations in 2006 for Best Short Form Music Video , Best Rap Song & Best Rap Album . Elliott received the award for Best Short Form Music Video for her single `` Lose Control '' . The Cookbook also gained Elliott seven MTV Video Music Awards nominations , taking two awards for `` Best Dance Video '' and `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . In 2014 , Missy Elliott became nominated for a Grammy for Best R&B Song for the featured single , `` Without Me '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33a9611aaceab1f5fc79bb06b9e72b42", "text": "Heavy metal lyrics Heavy metal lyrics are the words used in songs by heavy metal music bands , groups and artists . Given that there are many genres of heavy metal , it is difficult to make generalizations about the lyrics and lyrical themes . In 1989 , two metal scholars wrote that heavy metal lyrics concentrate `` on dark and depressing subject matter to an extent hitherto unprecedented '' in any form of popular music . Jeffrey Arnett states that metal songs are `` overwhelmingly dominated '' by `` ugly and unhappy '' themes which express `` no hope '' for the future . Deena Weinstein has proposed one way to analyze metal song themes is loosely grouping them into two categories : the Dionysian theme ( a reference to the Roman God of wine ) , which celebrates `` sex , drugs and rock and roll '' , partying , and enjoyment of life and the Chaotic theme , which involves dark subjects such as Hell , injustice , mayhem , carnage and death . Not all metal genres fall into Weinstein 's two theme model ; for example power metal 's lyrical themes often focus on fantasy and mythology , camaraderie and hope , personal struggles and emotions , among other themes . Another exception is pop metal bands , which replaced `` gloom and doom '' themes with `` positive , upbeat '' songs about romantic love and relationships , part of their goal of appealing more to female listeners . In metal overall , the small number of metal songs about relationships are typically about unions that have `` gone sour '' long ago . The thematic content of heavy metal lyrics has long been a target of criticism . According to Jon Pareles , `` Heavy metal 's main subject matter is simple and virtually universal . With grunts , moans and subliterary lyrics , it celebrates ... a party without limits ... -LSB- T -RSB- he bulk of the music is stylized and formulaic . '' Music critics have often deemed metal lyrics juvenile and banal , and others have objected to what they see as advocacy of misogyny and the occult . During the 1980s , the Parents Music Resource Center ( PMRC ) petitioned the U.S. Congress to regulate the popular music industry due to what the group asserted were objectionable lyrics , particularly those in heavy metal songs . The PMRC used music professor Joe Stuessy to testify against metal . Professor Stuessy alleged that heavy metal songs focus on violence , substance abuse , perversion , S&M , and Satanism . Robert Walser analyzed 88 metal songs ' themes to determine if Professor Stuessy 's claims were valid . In Walser 's analysis , the dominant theme in the metal songs was `` longing for intensity '' ; he found that the negative themes described by Stuessy and the PMRC were uncommon . Jeffrey Arnett analysed the lyrics from 115 metal songs : he found that the top three messages were `` grim ... themes '' about violence , angst and protest . Metal artists have had to defend their lyrics in front of the U.S. Senate and in courtrooms . In 1985 , Twisted Sister frontman Dee Snider was asked to defend his song Under the Blade at a U.S. Senate hearing . In 1986 , Ozzy Osbourne was sued because of the lyrics of his song Suicide Solution . In 1990 , Judas Priest was sued in American court by the parents of two young men who had shot themselves five years earlier , allegedly after hearing the subliminal statement `` do it '' in a Priest song . While the case attracted a great deal of media attention , it was ultimately dismissed . In some predominantly Muslim countries , heavy metal has been officially denounced as a threat to traditional values . In countries such as Morocco , Egypt , Lebanon , and Malaysia , there have been incidents of heavy metal musicians and fans being arrested and incarcerated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "106ae4371412686a08b197b1c094ea26", "text": "The Marshall Mathers LP The Marshall Mathers LP is the third studio album by American rapper Eminem . It was released on May 23 , 2000 , by Aftermath Entertainment , Interscope Records , and Eminem 's newly founded label , Shady Records in the United States , and on September 11 , 2000 , by Polydor Records in the United Kingdom . The album was produced mostly by Dr. Dre and Eminem , along with The 45 King , the Bass Brothers , and Mel-Man . Released a year after Eminem 's breakout album The Slim Shady LP , the record features more introspective lyricism including the rapper 's response to his sudden rise to fame and controversy surrounding his lyrics . The album sold more than 1.78 million copies in the US in its first week alone , becoming the fastest-selling studio album by any solo artist in American music history . In 2001 , the album won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Album and was nominated for Album of the Year . Eminem lost the latter to jazz-rock duo Steely Dan and their album Two Against Nature . The album was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America in March 2011 for shipping 10 million copies in the United States . By December 2016 , the album had sold over 11 million copies in the United States and more than 32 million copies worldwide . A sequel to the album , The Marshall Mathers LP 2 , was released on November 5 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3cf2df6efeb755f98a41bc965b2bd676", "text": "Money Ain't a Thang `` Money Ai n't a Thang '' is the second single from rapper Jermaine Dupri 's 1998 album Life in 1472 . It features rapper Jay-Z and appears as a bonus track on his album Vol . 2 ... Hard Knock Life . It is produced by Dupri , who samples `` Weak at the Knees '' by Steve Arrington for the track 's beat . It can be found on two of Jay-Z 's greatest hits compilations : Chapter One : Greatest Hits and Greatest Hits . In addition , it was nominated for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group at the 41st Grammy Awards in 1999 . The title of `` Money Ai n't a Thang '' appears as `` Money Ai n't a Thing '' on the vinyl single , but not on the CD single or any album it appears on .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71879b0f5853cf4c8f457ac25cfeda65", "text": "The Hills (song) `` The Hills '' is a song by Canadian singer The Weeknd . It was released on May 27 , 2015 as the second single from his second studio album , Beauty Behind the Madness ( 2015 ) . `` The Hills '' was a critical success , appearing on several year-end lists . In the singer 's native Canada , the song peaked at number one . In the United States it also reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 , replacing his own `` Ca n't Feel My Face '' . The song also made the top 10 in the United Kingdom , Ireland , Germany , Australia , and New Zealand . It reached the top 20 in Denmark and Sweden while reaching the top 40 in The Netherlands , Norway , and Switzerland . A music video for the song was released on May 27 , 2015 . It was directed by Grant Singer . Two official remixes of the song features rappers Eminem and Nicki Minaj .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "efe9a95015a1e92496e94311129cd6de", "text": "Bitch Please II `` Bitch Please II '' is a song by American rapper Eminem , featuring guest vocals from American rappers Dr. Dre , Snoop Dogg , Xzibit , and Nate Dogg , taken from Eminem 's The Marshall Mathers LP ( 2000 ) . The song was written by Eminem , Dr. Dre , Snoop Dogg , Xzibit and Nate Dogg with , production handled by Dr. Dre and Mel-Man .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "939018526239596557673b751a54cbeb", "text": "Do or Die (Ant Banks album) Do or Die is the third studio album by American rapper and producer , Ant Banks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b98cc07cc91023c9f7351797f784ed6", "text": "One More Chance (The Notorious B.I.G. song) `` One More Chance / Stay with Me ( Remix ) '' is a song written and recorded by American rapper The Notorious B.I.G. , featuring additional vocals sung by his wife Faith Evans and an uncredited appearance by Mary J. Blige . It was certified platinum by the RIAA on July 31 , 1995 and sold 1.1 million copies . The original version of the song appears on B.I.G. 's album , Ready to Die . The remix features new lyrics , a new chorus , and a different beat than the original . There is also a `` hip hop mix '' which samples Marley Marl 's `` Droppin Science '' ( featuring rapper Craig G ) . Evans was an up-and-coming R&B artist at the time . The remix , produced by the Trackmasters samples DeBarge 's 1983 song `` Stay with Me '' . The song peaked at # 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 and topped the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart . It was the highest debuting single of all time , tying with Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson song `` Scream '' when it entered the Hot 100 at # 5 at the time . ( This record stood until later that year , when Michael Jackson 's `` You Are Not Alone '' debuted at number one . ) It remained the highest debuting single for a rap song on the Hot 100 until Puff Daddy 's tribute song `` I 'll Be Missing You '' debuted at # 1 . ( Lauryn Hill , Eminem and DJ Khaled would later equal this feat , with the former 's `` Doo Wop ( That Thing ) '' entering in the top spot in 1998 , the aforementioned with `` Not Afraid '' in 2010 and the latter with `` I 'm The One '' in 2017 . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb8ff94a5093a33d32c555ec74d0b7ed", "text": "Space Bound `` Space Bound '' is a song by American rapper Eminem . It was released on June 18 , 2011 as the fourth and final single from his seventh album Recovery . The song is produced by American hip-hop producer Jim Jonsin . `` Space Bound '' features samples of `` Drive '' by R.E.M. and `` Song for Bob '' by Nick Cave and Warren Ellis . The music video was shot in February 2011 by director Joseph Kahn . It features model and former pornographic actress Sasha Grey . The video was released to the iTunes Store on June 24 , 2011 . It is about a girl , played by Grey , who secretly cheats on her boyfriend , Eminem ; this turns into a violent conflict . The video shows two sides of Eminem , one who is calm and loves his girlfriend and one who is aggressive and does not . The music video received attention and controversy for a scene in which Eminem shoots himself in the head in frustration , with blood spurting from the wound .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34b8a4098e77d60d50e91f820107cafb", "text": "Ai discography The discography of Japanese contemporary R&B singer and rapper Ai consists of ten studio albums , four compilation albums , one live album , one mix tape , ten video albums and numerous solo and collaboration singles . Ai debuted as a musician through BMG Japan in 2000 , though which she released a single album , My Name Is Ai . In 2002 , Ai switched labels to DefJam Japan , a subsidiary of Universal Music Japan , and released her second studio album in 2003 , Original Ai . In 2005 , Ai released the ballad `` Story '' , which became one of the most digitally successful songs of all time in Japan , becoming 3 × Million certified for ringtones and Million for downloads to cellphones . Ai remained with Universal until 2010 , releasing seven studio albums with the label . Ai signed to EMI Music Japan in June 2011 , and released the album Independent ( 2012 ) , led by the single `` Happiness '' . In September 2012 , Universal Music Group purchased EMI Music , leading Ai to return to Universal as an artist under the newly created EMI Records Japan sub-label .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3176cf44d3c89776c4cff323133893b", "text": "Mafia (B.U.G. Mafia album) Mafia is the debut studio album by Romanian hip hop group B.U.G. Mafia , released September 20 , 1995 on local Bucharest-based label Amma Sound . Production for the album was handled by group member and founder Tataee , with various composers and keyboardists giving co-production . Heavily influenced by N.W.A. and Bone Thugs-n-Harmony , the album has been viewed as the pioneering record of gangsta rap in Romania . With its ever-present profanity and violent lyrics , it helped to give birth to this then-new genre of music in Romania . As hip hop music was quite new in Romania at the time , the album attracted many rock fans , who appreciated the group 's aggressive approach towards music . In spite of poor sound quality and practically no professional promotion , Mafia achieved moderate success and quite favorable reviews . The album is still known for being the third hip hop album to be released in Romania by a record label . It had 15 tracks and featured guest performances from M&G , Marijuana , Coco , Vlad `` Ben '' Blându and actress Rona Hartner . Tataee has stated that he considers the album the group 's worst release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b009569fc8fda3c3972a30a6cf5441e", "text": "Old Time's Sake `` Old Time 's Sake '' is a song by American rapper Eminem and is the only promotional single from his 2009 album Relapse . The song features Dr. Dre , who also produced the song .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d097f1839f861c7029e3a70968aa669", "text": "Lists of celebrities A celebrity is a person who is widely recognized in a given society and commands a degree of public and media attention . The word is derived from the Latin celebritas , from the adjective celeber ( `` famous , '' `` celebrated '' ) . Being a celebrity is often one of the highest degrees of notability , although the word notable is mistakened to be synonymous with the title celebrity , fame , prominence etc. . As in Wikipedia , articles written about notable people does n't necessarily synonymize them as a celebrity . The following are lists of celebrities : List of actors List of African-American female models List of African-American television personalities List of American female models List of American television personalities List of Australian television personalities List of British television personalities List of celebrities on The Simpsons List of celebrity guest stars on Sesame Street List of comedians List of dance personalities List of dancers List of fashion designers List of female models List of film and television directors List of Forbes Celebrity 100 List of models List of musicians List of singers List of singer-songwriters List of sportspeople List of stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame List of stars on the London Avenue of Stars List of tattoo artists List of television presenters List of male boxers List of female boxers List of writers List of social thinkers List of wrestlers List of YouTubers", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "79f92028166df6f927d2ac5b61321f9b", "text": "Anne Sullivan Johanna Mansfield Sullivan Macy ( April 14 , 1866 -- October 20 , 1936 ) , better known as Anne Sullivan , was an American teacher , best known for being the instructor and lifelong companion of Helen Keller . At the age of five , she contracted trachoma , a highly contagious eye disease , which left her blind and without reading or writing skills . She received her education as a student of the Perkins School for the Blind where upon graduation she became a teacher to Keller when she was 20 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ba432c1cd591ff382c98b9e4268f9a1c", "text": "Helen Keller Helen Adams Keller ( June 27 , 1880 -- June 1 , 1968 ) was an American author , political activist , and lecturer . She was the first deaf-blind person to earn a bachelor of arts degree . The story of how Keller 's teacher , Anne Sullivan , broke through the isolation imposed by a near complete lack of language , allowing the girl to blossom as she learned to communicate , has become widely known through the dramatic depictions of the play and film The Miracle Worker . Her birthplace in West Tuscumbia , Alabama , is now a museum and sponsors an annual `` Helen Keller Day '' . Her birthday on June 27 is commemorated as Helen Keller Day in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and was authorized at the federal level by presidential proclamation by President Jimmy Carter in 1980 , the 100th anniversary of her birth . A prolific author , Keller was well-traveled and outspoken in her convictions . A member of the Socialist Party of America and the Industrial Workers of the World , she campaigned for women 's suffrage , labor rights , socialism , antimilitarism , and other similar causes . She was inducted into the Alabama Women 's Hall of Fame in 1971 and was one of twelve inaugural inductees to the Alabama Writers Hall of Fame on June 8 , 2015 . Helen proved to the world that deaf people could all learn to communicate and that they could survive in the hearing world . She also taught that deaf people are capable of doing things that hearing people can do . She is one of the most famous deaf people in history and she is an idol to many deaf people in the world .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "34cefe1031788bcd465d7c893721f946", "text": "Mel and Norma Gabler Melvin Nolan Freeman Gabler ( January 5 , 1915 -- December 19 , 2004 ) and his wife , Norma Elizabeth Rhodes Gabler ( June 16 , 1923 -- July 22 , 2007 ) were campaigners against public school textbooks which they regarded as `` anti-family '' or `` anti-Christian '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d0ef81b728628170cd847a416f9eeb6", "text": "Lewis Carroll: A Biography Lewis Carroll : A Biography is a 1995 biography of author Lewis Carroll by Morton N. Cohen , first published by Knopf , later by Macmillan . It is generally considered to be the definitive scholarly work on Carroll 's ( real name Charles Lutwidge Dodgson ) life . Cohen 's approach is mainly chronological , with some chapters grouped by theme , such as those on Carroll 's religion , his love of little girls , and his guilty feelings . Cohen , a Carroll scholar for 30 years , opts to use Dodgson 's first name , Charles , throughout the work , because it `` seems most appropriate in a book dealing with the intimacy of his life '' . The book generally assumes that Carroll 's love of little girls was not just emotional but sexual -- that he was a paedophile , albeit a suppressed one . In the book Cohen writes : `` We can not know to what extent sexual urges lay behind Charles 's preference for drawing and photographing children in the nude . He contended that the preference was entirely aesthetic . But given his emotional attachment to children as well as his aesthetic appreciation of their forms , his assertion that his interest was strictly artistic is naïve . He probably felt more than he dared acknowledge , even to himself . '' While attributing the source of Carroll 's chaotic emotional life to his sexual urges , Cohen opined that they were also responsible for his creative works . Karoline Leach in In the Shadow of the Dreamchild ( 1999 ) writes that Cohen and previous biographers misunderstood the norms and customs of the Victorian era , and that Carroll 's adulation of children was not sexual but a reflection of the romanticisation of the child prevalent in that era . Contrariwise , a website set up by opponents ( including Leach ) of the tradition Carroll image , reports that while Cohen acknowledges the paedophilic nature of Carroll 's image , he `` Inexplicably he lists the numbers of intimate woman-friends that Dodgson had through his life , yet still concludes that his existence revolved exclusively around friendships with small girls ! '' Jo Elwyn Jones and J. Francis Gladstone in The Alice Companion : A Guide to Lewis Carroll 's Alice Books ( 1998 ) criticises the book for what they say is a poor treatment of Carroll 's involvement in controversies at the University of Oxford . Megan Harlan in Entertainment Weekly writes that `` This beautifully written bio never shies away from the house-of-mirrors complexity of its subject . '' An issue of Victorian Studies reported that there were issues with inconsistent references . Miles Edward Friend compares Cohen 's handling of the material to Carroll 's boat trips with the children , saying , `` With Cohen at the tiller , we are deftly guided through the flow of Carroll 's life . '' Ronald Warwick in Times Higher Education criticises Cohen 's interpretation of Carroll 's relationship with his archdeacon father ; his `` insecure grasp of 19th-century ecclesiastical history '' ; his prose , which Warwich called cliched ; and his choice to use Dodgson 's first name , which Warwick said was not used even by Dodgson 's most intimate male friends .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33482075e32462a7ec73d8d31099d9e5", "text": "Carlos Keller Carlos Keller Rueff ( January 3 , 1898 -- February 28 , 1974 ) was a far-right Chilean writer , historian , and political figure .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e700a9680540bc1e0014e24e0e0d274", "text": "Hollywood blacklist The Hollywood blacklist -- as the broader entertainment industry blacklist is generally known -- was the practice of denying employment to screenwriters , actors , directors , musicians , and other American entertainment professionals during the mid-20th century because they were accused of having Communist ties or sympathies . Artists were barred from work on the basis of their alleged membership in or sympathy with the Communist Party USA or refusal to assist investigations into the party 's activities . Even during the period of its strictest enforcement , the late 1940s through the late 1950s , the blacklist was rarely made explicit or verifiable , but it directly damaged the careers of scores of individuals working in the film industry . The first systematic Hollywood blacklist was instituted on November 25 , 1947 , the day after ten writers and directors were cited for contempt of Congress for refusing to testify to the House Un-American Activities Committee . A group of studio executives , acting under the aegis of the Association of Motion Picture Producers , fired the artists -- the so-called Hollywood Ten -- and made what has become known as the Waldorf Statement . On June 22 , 1950 , a pamphlet entitled Red Channels was published . Focused on the field of broadcasting , it identified 151 entertainment industry professionals in the context of `` Red Fascists and their sympathizers . '' Soon , most of those named , along with a host of other artists , were barred from employment in most of the entertainment field . The blacklist lasted until 1960 , when Dalton Trumbo , a Communist Party member from 1943 to 1948 and member of the Hollywood Ten , was credited as the screenwriter of the highly successful film Exodus , and later publicly acknowledged by actor Kirk Douglas for writing the screenplay for the movie Spartacus . A number of those blacklisted , however , were still barred from work in their professions for years afterward .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cb4808eee3825d9c3d9f628d7a4ea2b8", "text": "Iris von Roten Iris von Roten-Meyer ( 2 April 1917 -- 11 September 1990 ) was a Swiss journalist , writer , feminist , jurist and a lawyer . Iris von Roten was born in Basel , Switzerland . She was the editor of the women 's paper Schweizer Frauenblatt in 1943 -- 1945 . She was a feminist , inspired by Simone de Beauvoir . She is most known for her feminist work Frauen im Laufgitter : the book received such a massive negative critic and hostility that she was blamed for the fact that the proposal of women suffrage was voted down in 1959 . On December 6th 1955 the `` Panthermantel affair '' took place . In which Iris von rotten who was stopped by police officers at 2am while on the way to her analyst . The police officers not believing that she was a lawyer took her to the police station where she was interrogated upon her refusal to comply with their questions . She later claimed that she had been arrested because she had been wearing trousers and thus the police has mistaken her for a prostitute . Feeling discriminated against , Iris went to the news in order to open a dialogue about women 's right . This incident in part inspired her to write her controversial book `` Frauen im Laufgitter '' Her book `` Frauen im Laufgitter '' evoked a negative reaction from men and women alike . Men saw her as man-hating and mocked her while the women of Switzerland saw her as a radical , and blamed her for the losing vote on women 's suffrage . They believed in gradual change and saw her as far too extreme . Von rotens daughter Hortenia has been quoted explaining the rejection saying : `` Women do not like to recognize and do not gladly admit what a lousy situation they are . '' After the negative reception of her book , she left for turkey . Not in an attempt to run from the backlash as many believed but rather seeing an opportunity to fulfill a childhood dream of travel . Once in turkey , she thoroughly enjoyed herself , being able to ignore traditional gender roles she did as she pleased . After her short stay in Turkey Von Roten returned to Switzerland having wrote a memoir during her travels which was subsequently rejected by publishers . Following her rejection , she chose to continue traveling . Iris von Roten committed suicide on September 11 , 1990 at the age of 73 . She was quoted saying `` Just as a guest has to know when it 's time to depart , a person should rise from the table of life while there 's still time . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "088cb32deadfe1f8dc6f2a86e30d9a2a", "text": "Payne Whitney Psychiatric Clinic At his death in 1927 , Payne Whitney bestowed the funds to build and endow the Payne Whitney Psychiatric Clinic ( PWC ) on the Upper East Side of Manhattan . An eight story free-standing hospital , it was immediately affiliated with Cornell University 's medical school ( now Weill Cornell Medical College or Weill Cornell Medicine ) and with the New York Hospital ( now New York -- Presbyterian Hospital ) , both of which are adjacent to PWC . Payne Whitney was a large donor to the Hospital and Medical College , and it has been an issue of long speculation why he chose a psychiatric building to be his primary naming opportunity at New York-Cornell . The poet Robert Lowell wrote of his hospitalization at Payne Whitney , Marilyn Monroe was hospitalized there in early 1961 , and Mary McCarthy based her book , The Group , on her inpatient experience . The poet James Schuyler wrote about his experiences there in the eleven-poem series `` The Payne Whitney Poems '' which appeared in the New York Review of Books , August 17 , 1978 issue . In Woody Allen 's 1979 film , Manhattan , a character named Caroline Payne Whitney Smith is featured in a comedy sketch , where she and her husband are considered `` normal folks , '' except for the fact that she is a catatonic . The Payne Whitney building itself was torn down in the early 1990s to make way for an expansion of the New York-Presbyterian Hospital over the FDR Drive . Since that time , all clinical and research services at the two primary Cornell psychiatric campuses -- in Manhattan and in White Plains , New York -- have been named after Payne Whitney . The clinic also has an outpatient and Continuing Day Treatment Program in an off-campus building at East 61st Street and York Avenue on the Upper East Side of Manhattan . Payne Whitney Clinic and Weill Cornell Medical College have been home to some of the most notable psychiatrists in the country . Currently-affiliated psychiatrists and psychologists include Jack Barchas , Robert Michels , Otto F. Kernberg , James Kocsis , George Makari , Michael Posner , William Breitbart , and Theodore Shapiro . Previously-affiliated psychiatrists include Arnold Cooper , Frederic Flach , Benjamin Spock , Gerald Klerman , Robert Millman , Louis Jolyon West , David Silbersweig , Harry Tiebout , Mary Jane Sherfey , Helen Singer Kaplan , Allen Frances , and Paul McHugh . Payne Whitney has also been the `` voluntary faculty '' home to Roy Schafer , Richard Isay , Gail Saltz , and Daniel Stern , and the recent home of such senior scholars as David A. Hamburg and Beatrix Hamburg .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ebd3589639904873a802ebc2b1f7714", "text": "Aesopian language Aesopian language is communications that convey an innocent meaning to outsiders but hold a concealed meaning to informed members of a conspiracy or underground movement . For instance , if Person X is known for exposing secrets in an organization , the organization leaders announce that `` any members who have dirty talking habits will be dealt with '' to warn Person X . It refers to the ancient Greek fabulist Aesop . The term `` Aesopian language '' was first used by the nineteenth-century Russian writer Mikhail Saltykov-Schedrin to describe the writing technique he began using late in his career , which he compared to Aesop 's Fables . His purpose was to satirize the social ills of the time but evade the harsh censorship of late Tsarist Russia of which he was a particular target . The Soviet-era writer Lev Loseff noted that the use of Aesopian language remained a favorite technique of writers ( including himself ) under Soviet censorship . Maliheh Tyrell defines the term in the Soviet context and observes that the use of Aesopian language extended to other national literatures under Soviet rule : `` In short , this form of literature , like Aesop 's animal fables , veils itself in allegorical suggestions , hints , and euphemisms so as to elude political censorship . ` Aesopian language ' or literature is a technical term used by Sovietologists to define allegorical language used by Russian or nationality -LSB- that is : non-Russian -RSB- nonconformist publicists to conceal antiregime sentiments . Under Soviet rule , this ` Aesopian ' literature intended to confuse the Soviet authorities , yet illuminate the truth for native readers . '' According to one critic , `` Censorship ... had a positive , formative impact upon the Aesopian writers ' style by obliging them to sharpen their thoughts . '' The German-American philosopher Herbert Marcuse uses the term in his book One-Dimensional Man somewhat interchangeably with Orwellian language . In that context , `` Aesopian Language '' refers to the idea that certain usages of language work to ` suppress certain concepts or keep them out of the general discourse within society ' . An example of such a technique is the use of abbreviations to possibly prevent undesirable questions from arising : `` AFL-CIO entombs the radical political differences which once separated the two organizations . '' Within the context of politics , a term with a very similar meaning is called dog-whistle politics , which describes the use of coded language to address voters ' interests . Certain sections of the electorate will react strongly to controversial content if spoken of overtly but may not be so attuned that they notice statements that appear neutral to outsiders .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ff01405a9d2b42f7064315b31b2411da", "text": "A Courageous Fool: Marie Deans and Her Struggle Against the Death Penalty A Courageous Fool is the memoir of anti-death penalty activist Marie Deans , written by Dr. Todd Peppers and Margaret Anderson and released to the public on July 22 , 2017 . The full title of the book is A Courageous Fool : Marie Deans and Her Struggle Against the Death Penalty . The ` Courageous Fool ' title was chosen because it was a name Deans called herself . `` Many referred to her as a `` saint '' -- a label she abhorred , '' Peppers wrote in an op-ed in the Richmond Times . `` I 'm no goddam saint , '' Deans would reply . She preferred to be known as a `` courageous fool , '' someone who was too foolish and stubborn to abandon her struggle to defeat capital punishment . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3f68c84eaf0eb755bb467e78da83819", "text": "The Frost King `` The Frost King '' was a short story about King Jack Frost written by 11-year-old Helen Keller . Keller 's teacher , Anne Sullivan , had mentioned that the autumn leaves were `` painted ruby , emerald , gold , crimson , and brown , '' and Keller , by her own account , imagined fairies doing the work . Keller wrote a story about how a cask of jewels , being transported by fairy servants , had melted in the sun and covered the leaves . As a birthday gift , Keller sent the story to Michael Anagnos , head of the Perkins School for the Blind , who published the story in The Mentor , the Perkins alumni magazine . It was picked up by The Goodson Gazette , a journal on deaf-blind education , based in Virginia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0513cd97f82b875ccfa0f8f8f5e9f5ab", "text": "Sandwich technique In foreign language teaching , the sandwich technique is the oral insertion of an idiomatic translation in the mother tongue between an unknown phrase in the learned language and its repetition , in order to convey meaning as rapidly and completely as possible . The mother tongue equivalent can be given almost as an aside , with a slight break in the flow of speech to mark it as an intruder . When modeling a dialogue sentence for students to repeat , the teacher not only gives an oral mother tongue equivalent for unknown words or phrases , but repeats the foreign language phrase before students imitate it : L2 = > L1 = > L2 . For example , a German teacher of English might engage in the following exchange with the students : Teacher : `` Let me try -- lass mich mal versuchen -- let me try . '' Students : `` Let me try . '' With this technique meaning is conveyed quickly , interference from the mother tongue ( or negative transfer ) is avoided and students can fully concentrate on repeating the foreign phrase correctly . Proponents of this technique ( notably Butzkamm & Caldwell and Dodson ) claim that this bilingual technique makes it easier to establish the foreign language as the working language of the classroom . By and by , the teacher introduces important classroom phrases in order to create a foreign language atmosphere : Teacher : `` Your job is to match the sentences -- die Sätze zuzuordnen -- to match the sentences . '' Teacher and students consistently keep track of expressions introduced so that further translations can be avoided . The teacher can also use richer and more authentic texts sooner , for instance in telling stories : Teacher : '' ... and her stepmother scolded her without mercy -- schimpfte sie erbarmungslos aus -- she scolded her without mercy ... '' Mother tongue equivalents are always and immediately given in contexts , which is a far cry from isolated vocabulary equations . By using the mother tongue skillfully , it is argued , eventually whole lessons in the foreign language only can be given .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3535254c1e1b6409606645c5fd4b7ad3", "text": "Life imitating art Anti-mimesis is a philosophical position that holds the direct opposite of Aristotelian mimesis . Its most notable proponent is Oscar Wilde , who opined in his 1889 essay The Decay of Lying that , `` Life imitates Art far more than Art imitates Life '' . In the essay , written as a Platonic dialogue , Wilde holds that anti-mimesis `` results not merely from Life 's imitative instinct , but from the fact that the self-conscious aim of Life is to find expression , and that Art offers it certain beautiful forms through which it may realise that energy . '' . What is found in life and nature is not what is really there , but is that which artists have taught people to find there , through art . As in an example posited by Wilde , although there has been fog in London for centuries , one notices the beauty and wonder of the fog because `` poets and painters have taught the loveliness of such effects ... They did not exist till Art had invented them . '' . McGrath places the antimimetic philosophy in a tradition of Irish writing , including Wilde and writers such as Synge and Joyce in a group that `` elevate blarney ( in the form of linguistic idealism ) to aesthetic and philosophical distinction '' , noting that Terry Eagleton observes an even longer tradition that stretches `` as far back in Irish thought as the ninth-century theology of John Scottus Eriugena '' and `` the fantastic hyperbole of the ancient sagas '' . Wilde 's antimimetic idealism , specifically , McGrath describes to be part of the late nineteenth century debate between Romanticism and Realism . Wilde 's antimimetic philosophy has also had influence on later Irish writers , including Brian Friel . Halliwell asserts that the idea that life imitates art derives from classical notions that can be traced as far back as the writings of Aristophanes of Byzantium , and does not negate mimesis but rather `` displace -LSB- s -RSB- its purpose onto the artlike fashioning of life itself '' . Halliwell draws a parallel between Wilde 's philosophy and Aristophanes ' famous question about the comedies written by Menander : `` O Menander and Life ! Which of you took the other as your model ? '' , noting , however , that Aristophanes was a precursor to Wilde , and not necessarily espousing the positions that Wilde was later to propound . In George Bernard Shaw 's preface to Three Plays he wrote , `` I have noticed that when a certain type of feature appears in painting and is admired as beautiful , it presently becomes common in nature ; so that the Beatrices and Francescas in the picture galleries of one generation come to life as the parlor-maids and waitresses of the next . '' He stated that he created the aristocratic characters in Cashel Byron 's Profession as unrealistically priggish even without his later understanding that `` the real world does not exist ... men and women are made by their own fancies in the image of the imaginary creatures in my youthful fictions , only much stupider . '' Shaw , however , disagreed with Wilde on some points . He considered most attempts by life to imitate art to be reprehensible , in part because the art that people generally chose to imitate was idealistic and romanticized . An example of life imitating art is that of singer/actress Miley Cyrus , whose role as the famous fictional popstar Hannah Montana in the Disney Channel sitcom of the same name gave rise to her own singing career . Hannah 's fictional popularity translated into a real-life fan-base for Cyrus as several singles credited to the character charted on the Billboard Hot 100 ( including `` The Best of Both Worlds '' , `` Life 's What You Make It '' , `` He Could Be the One '' , etc , though all of the songs were performed by Cyrus ) and when she embarked on her sold-out Best of Both Worlds Tour in 2007 , where she performed the first set of songs as Hannah Montana and the second set as herself . Cyrus ' song `` The Climb '' was the first song , credited to herself instead of the character , from an official Hannah Montana soundtrack album to become a hit single ( peaking at # 4 on the Billboard charts , making it her `` crossover song '' into mainstream pop , while Hoedown Throwdown ( off the same soundtrack album ) was her first Top 10 . Cyrus also performed several duets on the show while in-character as Hannah with real-life singers such as Sheryl Crow , David Archuleta , The Jonas Brothers , Iyaz and her real-life father Billy Ray Cyrus , as well as an unofficial duet with her real-life godmother country singer Dolly Parton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "860d317cc4ed37d59c4904fcc26d06f2", "text": "Fifty Years of Freedom Fifty Years of Freedom : A Study of the Development of the Ideas of A. S. Neill is a 1972 intellectual biography of the British pedagogue A. S. Neill by Ray Hemmings . It traces how Homer Lane , Wilhelm Reich , Sigmund Freud and others influenced Neill as he developed the `` Summerhill idea '' , the philosophy of child autonomy behind his Summerhill School . The book follows Neill 's early life and career in rural , Calvinist Scotland and continues through the influence of his mentors , Lane and Reich , and the origins of Summerhill after World War I. Written fifty years from Summerhill 's founding , Fifty Years is a sociological and historical analysis of Neill 's ideas in the context of intellectual and educational trends both during Neill 's life and at the time of publication . Hemmings also surveyed progressive school leaders about Neill 's impact on the field , and reported their perception of influence on teacher -- pupil relations . Fifty Years was first published in England in 1972 by George Allen and Unwin , and was later renamed Children 's Freedom : A. S. Neill and the Evolution of the Summerhill Idea for its 1973 American publication by Schocken Books . Contemporary reviewers considered Fifty Years to be the best available biography of Neill . They largely praised its clarity and biographical detail and insight , but found the book 's philosophical sections comparatively weak and the author biased , as a former teacher from the school .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef27111fa074ccd7483aa85db8fd14f6", "text": "Antagonistic contradiction Antagonistic contradiction ( Chinese language : 矛盾 ; Pinyin : Máo dùn ) is the impossibility of compromise between different social classes . The term is most often applied in Maoist theory , which holds that differences between the two primary classes , the working class/proletariat and the bourgeoisie are so great that there is no way to bring about a reconciliation of their views . Because the groups involved have diametrically opposed concerns , their objectives are so dissimilar and contradictory that no mutually acceptable resolution can be found . Nonantagonistic contradictions may be resolved through mere debate , but antagonistic contradictions can only be resolved through struggle . The term is usually attributed to Vladimir Lenin , although he may never have actually used the term in any of his written works . In Maoism , the antagonistic contradiction was usually that between the peasantry and the landowning class . Mao Zedong expressed his views on the policy in his famous February 1957 speech `` On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8fc33ce19e4c0a3a8c8419efbfda70e1", "text": "Logan family (historical) The Logan family is a group of Americans descended from Warren Logan and his wife Adella Hunt Logan , African Americans who were born into slavery shortly before the American Civil War . After emancipation , they established a tradition of `` education and decorum as a way to transcend racial restrictions '' . They and their descendants became part of the black elite . Warren was born into slavery in Virginia in 1857 . At emancipation he took the surname Logan . He gained an education and by 1877 worked as a teacher at Tuskegee Normal School in Alabama . As a young educated man in the period after the Reconstruction era , he pushed against social restraints imposed by white supremacists , trying with a group of friends to use their first-class train tickets between Montgomery and Selma , Alabama . They were ordered to the Jim Crow car and ejected when they hesitated to move . Logan became the first treasurer of Tuskegee Institute in 1882 , and is described as the closest confidante of institute 's head , Booker T. Washington . In 1888 Logan married Adella Hunt , also a teacher at Tuskegee . She was born in February , 1863 in Sparta , Georgia , to a free African-American mother and white farmer father . Her father maintained relations with her mother and their family of eight children . He aided Adella financially so that she could attend Atlanta University , where she graduated in 1881 . She became a teacher at Tuskegee in 1883 . Both the Hunts and Logans considered education the key to the advancement of people of color in society . Teaching English and social sciences , Hunt succeeded Olivia A. Davidson as Lady Principal when , in 1885 , Davidson married Booker T. Washington , head of the institute . Adella Hunt Logan is known as an educator and an administrator . She supported women 's suffrage , lectured at NAACP conferences and published articles in its Crisis magazine . She is also remembered for her essay , `` What Are the Causes of the Great Mortality Among the Negroes of the Cities of the South , and How Is That Mortality to Be Lessened ? '' ( 1902 ) In 1915 , she was hospitalized for depression . Learning of Booker T. Washington 's last illness , she returned to the institute . Washington died November 14 and Adella continued to struggle with depression . She committed suicide by jumping from the top floor of one of the school buildings on December 12 . Hunt and Logan had nine children ; six survived to adulthood and became educated . Arthur C. Logan ( c. 1905 -1973 ) was the youngest . He became a surgeon in New York City , and served also as personal physician to musician and composer Duke Ellington from 1937 , and to Billy Strayhorn . Strayhorn 's composition `` U.M.M.G. ( Upper Manhattan Medical Group ) '' honored Logan among the founders and partners of the ground-breaking clinic . Logan was appointed by Mayor Robert F. Wagner as first chairman of the New York City Council Against Poverty . Arthur Logan first married Wenonah Bond , also a woman of color . They had a daughter Adele Logan before their divorce . She attended the Ethical Culture Fieldston Schools in New York , as had her father . Later she earned a doctorate in history and became a professor at George Washington University . As Adele Logan Alexander , she has written extensively on African-American history , including a detailed history of her families , Homelands and Waterways , tracing their journeys from slavery . She is married to Clifford Alexander , Jr. ( born 1933 ) , who is the first African American to serve as Secretary of the Army . Their daughter Elizabeth Alexander ( born 1962 ) is a poet and professor at Yale University in literature and gender studies . She read from her work at the inauguration of Barack Obama in 2009 . Their son Mark C. Alexander is a law professor at Seton Hall University and a political organizer and aide , having served as state organizer for President Barack Obama 's first campaign in New Jersey and as an advisor . He has also worked with Mayor Cory Booker of Newark , and US Senators Edward Kennedy and Bill Bradley . Arthur Logan secondly married Marian Bruce ( 1919 - November 25 , 1993 ) , a cabaret singer and recording artist . She became politically active , working with the NAACP and serving as a Board member of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference ( SCLC ) . In addition , she was a Democratic campaign worker , and was appointed as head of the New York City Commission on Human Rights in 1977 - ' 79 . ( She appears in the documentary Duke Ellington : Reminiscing in Tempo , 1991 , American Experience , PBS . ) Arthur and Marian had one child , son Warren Arthur Logan ( born 1963 ) . In 1991 Warren Arthur Logan married Julie Lizabeth Wagman of New York City ; she is the daughter of Karen Kronenberg of New York and Martin Wagman of Roslyn , Long Island . Logan was then working as an investigator for United Claims Service , and was a partner in a company importing African art .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2562ec7be63efb967c28035e2beb4d15", "text": "Helen Dortch Longstreet Helen Dortch Longstreet ( April 20 , 1863 -- May 3 , 1962 ) , known as the `` Fighting Lady , '' was the second wife of Confederate General James Longstreet . She earned her nickname from being a champion of causes such as preservation of the environment and civil rights . She is also remembered for her work as a Confederate memorialist and postmistress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e05d39dd41a1a438805c6783786d4c30", "text": "Mary Moody Emerson Mary Moody Emerson ( August 23 , 1774 - May 1 , 1863 ) was known not only as her nephew Ralph Waldo Emerson 's `` earliest and best teacher , '' but also as a `` spirited and original genius in her own right '' ( Richardson on back cover of Origins ) . Ralph Waldo Emerson considered her presence in his life a `` blessing which nothing else in education could supply '' ( Emerson Lectures 432 ) ; and her vast body of writing -- her thousands of letters and journal entries spanning more than fifty years -- `` became one of Emerson 's most important books '' ( Richardson 25 ) . Her surviving documents reveal the voice of a `` woman who -LSB- ... -RSB- had something to say to her contemporaries and who can continue to speak to ours '' about `` the great truths that were the object of her life 's pilgrimage '' ( Cole Origins xl , xxvii ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47e58f6add915873be421f7ddab3e43c", "text": "Charles Townsend Copeland Charles Townsend Copeland ( April 27 , 1860 -- July 24 , 1952 ) was a professor , poet , and writer . He spent much of his time as a mentor in Boston , Massachusetts , specifically at Harvard University , and also worked as a part-time theater critic . Known as `` Copey '' by many of his peers and admirers , he became known for his Harvard poetry readings in the 1930s . In her autobiography , The Story of My Life , Helen Keller paid high praise to Copley as an instructor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0756bffb7ca53b91a94573f7585dd67e", "text": "Arenia Mallory Arenia Conelia Mallory ( December 28 , 1904 -- May 1977 ) was an American educator and teacher in Mississippi , and a national political activist working for African-American education and civil rights . She gained a national reputation as president of Saints Industrial and Literary School , which she developed over 50 years from a few students in 1926 to a private K-12 academic school and junior college on 350 acres . It was affiliated with the Pentecostal Church of God in Christ , in which Mallory had been active since about age 18 . At a time of disenfranchisement of blacks , segregation , and historic underfunding of black education in the South , Mallory contributed to emerging national networks of black women and drew from them and white philanthropists to raise money for the school . Saints was instrumental in black education in Mississippi ; for many years , it was the only accredited high school for blacks in its area . It attracted students from nearly every state and from African nations due to its strong academic reputation ; over the decades , Mallory educated an estimated 20,000 students through Saints . In addition , Mallory became a national leader in the COGIC Women 's Department ; from the 1940s , she helped to create wider civic engagement of church women ; they worked for a `` sanctified world . '' Through the National Council of Negro Women , of which Mallory was a charter member beginning in 1935 and vice-president for many years , she worked for education and civil rights for African Americans . She engaged with national leaders such as Mary McLeod Bethune in the NCNW to raise funds to support her school in Mississippi and to draw women leaders into greater public life . Through Saints and her civic activities , Mallory promoted her advocacy for the mostly black and poor sharecroppers in the county and for the Civil Rights Movement .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d8610c4ea832836c51ddc4edf90d0d3", "text": "Hidden curriculum A hidden curriculum is a side effect of an education , '' -LSB- lessons -RSB- which are learned but not openly intended '' such as the transmission of norms , values , and beliefs conveyed in the classroom and the social environment . Any learning experience may teach unintended lessons . Hidden curriculum often refers to knowledge gained in primary and secondary school settings , usually with a negative connotation where the school strives for equal intellectual development ( as a positive aim ) . In this sense , a hidden curriculum reinforces existing social inequalities by educating students according to their class and social status . The unequal distribution of cultural capital in a society mirrors a corresponding distribution of knowledge among its students .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "996b0eb4576f7fdc7231746ab88c38cd", "text": "Helen Schucman Helen Cohn Schucman ( July 14 , 1909 -- February 9 , 1981 ) was an American clinical and research psychologist from New York City . She was a professor of medical psychology at Columbia University in New York from 1958 until her retirement in 1976 . Schucman is best known for having `` scribed '' with the help of colleague William Thetford the book A Course in Miracles ( 1st edition , 1975 ) , the contents of which she claimed to have been given to her by an inner voice she identified as Jesus . However , as per her request , her role as its `` writer '' was not revealed to the general public until after her death .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "85aaad22a9a42b4b01d040017480504e", "text": "The Nanny Diaries (film) The Nanny Diaries is a 2007 American comedy-drama film , based on the novel of the same name by Emma McLaughlin and Nicola Kraus . Written and directed by Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini , it stars Scarlett Johansson , Chris Evans , and Laura Linney ; and was produced by Richard N. Gladstein .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5382e0f11b63ba7e111ec44004c9b33c", "text": "Alicia Keys Alicia Augello Cook ( born January 25 , 1981 ) , known professionally as Alicia Keys , is an American singer , songwriter , record producer , pianist and actress . Keys released her debut album with J Records , having had previous record deals first with Columbia and then Arista Records . Keys ' debut album , Songs in A Minor was released in 2001 , producing her first Billboard Hot 100 number-one single `` Fallin ' '' , and selling over 12 million copies worldwide . The album earned Keys five Grammy Awards in 2002 . Her sophomore album , The Diary of Alicia Keys , was released in 2003 , spawning successful singles `` You Do n't Know My Name '' , `` If I Ai n't Got You '' and `` Diary '' , and selling 8 million copies worldwide . The duet song `` My Boo '' with Usher scored her a second number-one single in 2004 . The album garnered her an additional four Grammy Awards in 2005 . Later that year , she released her first live album , Unplugged , becoming the first woman to have an MTV Unplugged album debut at number one . As I Am was released in 2007 , producing the Hot 100 number-one single `` No One '' , selling 5 million copies worldwide and earning an additional three Grammy Awards . The Element of Freedom was released in 2009 , becoming her first chart-topping album in the UK , and selling 4 million copies worldwide . Keys additionally collaborated with Jay Z on `` Empire State of Mind '' as her fourth number-one single , and won Best Rap/Sung Collaboration in 2010 . Girl on Fire was released in 2012 as her fifth Billboard 200 topping album , spawning the successful title track . Her second live album , VH1 Storytellers was released in 2013 . Here was released in 2016 , becoming her seventh R&B / Hip-Hop chart topping album Keys has won numerous awards such as 15 Grammy Awards and 17 NAACP Image Awards and has sold over 35 million albums and 30 million singles worldwide . Keys made her film debut in Smokin ' Aces and has also appeared in The Nanny Diaries and The Secret Life of Bees . Considered a pop icon , Billboard magazine named her the top R&B artist of the 2000s decade and placed her number 10 on their list of Top 50 R&B / Hip-Hop Artists of the Past 25 Years . VH1 included her on their 100 Greatest Artists of All Time list , while Time named her in their 100 list of most influential people in 2005 and 2017 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "26e903fb2c5ace06ed05c5a4d7ea761a", "text": "Area Boys (film) Area Boys is a 2007 Nigerian film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04682e02c4e4c10ef7f2123d7e529c09", "text": "Confessions of a Gambler Confessions of a Gambler is a 2007 film that depicts a woman 's struggles in life , and how she turns to gambling and later becomes addicted . It is based on a true story and is written by the lead actor , Rayda Jacobs . The book on which it is based won The Sunday Times Fiction Prize in 2004 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9eca3333c481170404cf0ac21c78f50", "text": "Fire Serpent Fire Serpent is a 2007 Sci Fi Channel film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "576767220a7a7999fa05b01cd54cab43", "text": "Aloha (film) Aloha is a 2015 American romantic comedy-drama film written , produced and directed by Cameron Crowe . The film , starring Bradley Cooper , Emma Stone , Rachel McAdams , Bill Murray , John Krasinski , Danny McBride , and Alec Baldwin , was released on May 29 , 2015 . The film received negative reviews from critics , and has grossed only $ 26 million against a budget of $ 37 million , making the film a box office bomb .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4df38fab86864ae21c18b3a17f91d3fd", "text": "Game of Life (film) Game of Life ( originally known as Oranges ) is a 2007 film drama starring Tom Sizemore , Tom Arnold , Heather Locklear and Jill Hennessy . The film was not fully released until 2011 , when it was released under the new title Game of Life .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57a4179df61e794bc018be111d756bff", "text": "Kings of South Beach Kings of South Beach is a film written by Nicholas Pileggi about an infamous operator of nightclubs in the South Beach section of Miami Beach , Florida . The lead character is portrayed by Jason Gedrick ; his best friend is portrayed by Donnie Wahlberg . The film premiered on March 12 , 2007 on the A&E Network .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39dda2129219fd4d8a2ba92d42a819cd", "text": "Enough (film) Enough is a 2002 American thriller film directed by Michael Apted . The movie is based on the 1998 novel Black and Blue , by Anna Quindlen , which was a New York Times bestseller . It stars Jennifer Lopez as Slim , an abused wife who learns to fight back . Enough garnered generally negative reviews from film critics , although several aspects of the film including the actors ' performances were praised .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ba613f2c0282b87e4ac1f9b3ad1c95b", "text": "Honeydripper (film) Honeydripper is a 2007 American musical drama film written and directed by John Sayles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "edf0774d41bd4849af43040ad24926ae", "text": "Un-Thinkable (I'm Ready) `` Un-Thinkable ( I 'm Ready ) '' is a song by American singer-songwriter Alicia Keys from her fourth studio album The Element of Freedom ( 2009 ) . It was initially scheduled to be the fifth single , but it was released as the fourth single . It was her first single to reach number one on the R&B chart in the United States since 2007 's `` Like You 'll Never See Me Again '' . `` Un-Thinkable ( I 'm Ready ) '' spent twelve consecutive weeks atop the Billboard Hot R&B / Hip-Hop , the longest-running number-one single of 2010 , when the single was in its 12th week on top of the chart , Keys has completed a total of 54 weeks at # 1 on the chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c8c0ef2706df68f3cf81fe0d1a4afadd", "text": "Tick Tock Lullaby Tick Tock Lullaby is a British indie comedy-drama film of 2007 written and directed by Lisa Gornick .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "36b471d3a22225333473172123af5d1e", "text": "South of Pico South of Pico is a 2007 drama film written and directed by Ernst Gossner set in Los Angeles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "084f15f97fd0e32b8cc29bfb2b228f7c", "text": "The Third Nail The Third Nail is a drama crime film directed by Kevin Lewis , starring Huntley Ritter , Krista Allen , Charles S. Dutton and Chloë Grace Moretz . It was released on February 8 , 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57bef8f8c913443a22a19624f76025d5", "text": "The Fighting Temptations The Fighting Temptations is a 2003 American musical comedy-drama film directed by Jonathan Lynn , written by Elizabeth Hunter and Saladin K. Patterson , and distributed by Paramount Pictures and MTV Films . The main plot revolves around Darrin Hill ( Cuba Gooding Jr. ) who travels to his hometown of Monte Carlo , Georgia as he attempts to revive a church choir in order to enter a gospel competition with the help of a beautiful lounge singer , Lilly ( Beyoncé ) , with whom he falls in love . Through the choir 's music , Darrin brings the church community back together all the while seeking a relationship with Lilly . The film is notable for its soundtrack and ensemble cast . The film received mixed reviews upon release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ac480e72d98d996cafb5f5971da2660", "text": "House of Fears House of Fears is a 2007 horror film , directed by Ryan Little . It stars Corri English , Sandra McCoy , Michael J. Pagan , Corey Sevier and Alice Greczyn . The film was released Direct-to-DVD on April 27 , 2009 in the UK . The DVD release in the United States was distributed by Your Indie Films . The movie features a cameo from American actor Jared Padalecki .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7632d0751c8d95ecd63b92816c61e785", "text": "Torch Song (1993 film) Torch Song ( also known as Judith Krantz 's Torch Song ) is a 1993 made-for-television drama film directed by Michael Miller , starring Raquel Welch , Jack Scalia and Alicia Silverstone . The film originally premiered on ABC on May 23 , 1993 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d32471643b59624b8a852788e4f65aad", "text": "Seven Keys to Baldpate Seven Keys to Baldpate may refer to : Seven Keys to Baldpate , a novel by Earl Derr Biggers Seven Keys to Baldpate ( play ) , a 1913 play by George M. Cohan based on the novel Seven Keys to Baldpate ( 1916 film ) , a 1916 Australian silent film Seven Keys to Baldpate ( 1917 film ) , a 1917 American silent mystery/thriller film Seven Keys to Baldpate ( 1925 film ) , a lost 1925 silent film Seven Keys to Baldpate ( 1929 film ) , a 1929 sound film Seven Keys to Baldpate ( 1935 film ) , a 1935 film based on the play Seven Keys to Baldpate ( 1947 film ) , a 1947 film based on the play", "title": "" }, { "docid": "189a42bb3598f6af1fa9c21937368792", "text": "Koizora (film) is a 2007 film based on a cell phone novel of the same name . The film is directed by Natsuki Imai and it stars Yui Aragaki and Haruma Miura . Koizora debuted at the Japanese box office on 3 November 2007 . It grossed a total of US$ 36,684,020 in both Japanese and international box offices .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd852971cc9207b09ec8904bdad0f7f7", "text": "Unplugged (Alicia Keys album) Unplugged is the first live album ( third overall ) by American recording artist Alicia Keys . It was recorded as part of the television program MTV Unplugged on July 4 , 2005 at the Brooklyn Academy of Music in Brooklyn , New York City , and released in the United States on October 11 , 2005 by J Records , including songs from her multi-platinum albums Songs in A Minor and The Diary of Alicia Keys . The album debuted on the US Billboard 200 chart at number one , with first-week sales of 196,000 copies in the US . and over 245,000 copies worldwide -- the highest debut for an MTV Unplugged album since Nirvana 's 1994 MTV Unplugged in New York and the first Unplugged by a female artist to debut at number one . The album has sold over one million copies in the United States and over 2.5 million copies worldwide . Additionally , it received four nominations for the 2006 Grammy Awards , including Best R&B Album . The first single released from the album was `` Unbreakable '' , which peaked at number thirty-four on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number four on the US Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs . The second single , `` Every Little Bit Hurts '' , was released in January 2006 . The video premiered on January 17 on BET 's 106 & Park . The album and DVD includes songs from her multi-platinum albums Songs in A Minor and The Diary of Alicia Keys .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7512ebb030fc56583a0f553f03dd4c4", "text": "Enchanted (film) Enchanted is a 2007 American live-action/animated musical fantasy romantic comedy film , produced by Walt Disney Pictures with New York Academy Barry Sonnenfeld and Josephson Entertainment . Written by Bill Kelly and directed by Kevin Lima , the film stars Amy Adams , Patrick Dempsey , James Marsden , Timothy Spall , Idina Menzel , Rachel Covey , and Susan Sarandon . The plot focuses on Giselle , an archetypal Disney Princess , who is forced from her traditional animated world of Andalasia into the live-action world of New York City . Enchanted was the first Disney film to be distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , instead of Buena Vista Pictures Distribution . The film is both a homage to , and a self-parody of , Disney 's animated features , making numerous references to Disney 's past works through the combination of live-action filmmaking , traditional animation , and computer-generated imagery . It marks the return of traditional animation to a Disney feature film after the company 's decision to move entirely to computer animation in 2004 . Composer Alan Menken and lyricist Stephen Schwartz , who had written songs for previous Disney films , produced the songs of Enchanted , with Menken also composing its score . The animation sequences were produced at James Baxter Animation in Pasadena . Filming of the live action segments took place around New York City . It premiered on October 20 , 2007 , at the London Film Festival before its wide release on November 21 , 2007 , in the United States . Enchanted was well-received critically , established Adams as a leading lady , and earned more than $ 340 million worldwide at the box office . It won three Saturn Awards , including Best Fantasy Film and Best Actress for Adams . Enchanted also received two nominations at the 65th Golden Globe Awards and three Best Original Song nominations at the 80th Academy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd5fc4f594126000105295f0bcff62bb", "text": "Boystown (film) Boystown ( Chuecatown , for Chueca , a gay neighborhood in Madrid ) is a 2007 Spanish comedy film directed by Juan Flahn .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "62930c2901334dd92f5721da9aa8e006", "text": "Purple Haze `` Purple Haze '' is a song written by Jimi Hendrix and released as the second record single by the Jimi Hendrix Experience on March 17 , 1967 . As a record chart hit in several countries and the opening number on the Experience 's debut American album , it was many people 's first exposure to Hendrix 's psychedelic rock sound . The song features his inventive guitar playing , which uses the signature Hendrix chord and a mix of blues and Eastern modalities , shaped by novel sound processing techniques . Because of ambiguities in the lyrics , listeners often interpret the song as referring to a psychedelic experience , although Hendrix described it as a love song . `` Purple Haze '' is one of Hendrix 's best-known songs and appears on many Hendrix compilation albums . The song featured regularly in concerts and each of Hendrix 's group configurations issued live recordings . It was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame and is included on lists of the greatest guitar songs , including at number two by Rolling Stone and number one by Q magazine .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "3d388eab65deff90e90366aa29586a40", "text": "It's Only Love `` It 's Only Love '' is a song written mostly by John Lennon , and credited to Lennon -- McCartney . It was first released by the Beatles in 1965 , on the Help ! album in the United Kingdom , and on the Rubber Soul album in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ca01053d3f9cad2671b895cee50e328", "text": "The Beatles' 1965 UK tour The Beatles ' 1965 tour of the United Kingdom was a concert tour that took place between 3 and 12 December 1965 , comprising 18 shows at nine venues across England , Scotland and Wales . It coincided with the release of the Beatles ' studio album Rubber Soul and their double A-side single `` Day Tripper '' / `` We Can Work It Out '' , and was the final UK tour undertaken by the band . Weary of Beatlemania , the group conceded to do the tour but refused to also perform a season of Christmas concerts as they had done over the 1963 -- 64 and 1964 -- 65 holiday seasons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bf0787d048a81874ef019f9cfd974c01", "text": "Deep Purple in Concert Deep Purple in Concert is a live album by the English hard rock band Deep Purple , recorded by the BBC for their `` In Concert '' live series in 1970 and 1972 . First released in 1980 in the UK , with the current US edition being made available in 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b0b1041bcb60cf3075268aecfab44ce", "text": "Hey Jude `` Hey Jude '' is a song by the English rock band the Beatles , written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon -- McCartney . The ballad evolved from `` Hey Jules '' , a song McCartney wrote to comfort John Lennon 's son , Julian , during his parents ' divorce . `` Hey Jude '' begins with a verse-bridge structure incorporating McCartney 's vocal performance and piano accompaniment ; further instrumentation is added as the song progresses . After the fourth verse , the song shifts to a fade-out coda that lasts for more than four minutes . `` Hey Jude '' was released in August 1968 as the first single from the Beatles ' record label Apple Records . More than seven minutes in length , it was at the time the longest single ever to top the British charts . It also spent nine weeks at number one in the United States , the longest for any Beatles single . `` Hey Jude '' tied the `` all-time '' record , at the time , for the longest run at the top of the US charts . The single has sold approximately eight million copies and is frequently included on professional critics ' lists of the greatest songs of all time . In 2013 , Billboard named it the 10th biggest song of all time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35ea72822fcc112c787f47d5d37daaff", "text": "The Beatles (TV series) The Beatles is an American animated television series featuring representations of the popular English rock band of the same name . It ran from 1965 to 1969 on ABC in the U.S. ( only 1965 to 1967 was first run ; later transmissions were reruns ) . The series debuted on September 25 , 1965 and ended on September 7 , 1969 . A total of 39 episodes were produced . The series was shown on Saturday mornings at 10:30 AM EST until the 1967 third season when it was moved to 12:00 PM EST. . For the fourth season , which consisted of reruns , the series was shown at 9:30 AM EST on Sunday mornings . Each episode has a name of a Beatles song , so the story is based on its lyrics and it is also played at some time in the episode . The original series was rebroadcast in syndication by MTV in 1986 and 1987 and on the Disney Channel beginning in 1989 on Fridays at 5 PM . The series was a historical milestone as the first weekly television series to feature animated versions of real , living people .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b403484521a5e879481e0f2ce9acd3e", "text": "The Beatles' Christmas records The Beatles ' Christmas records were spoken and musical messages from English rock group The Beatles that were posted out on flexi disc at Christmas time to members of their official fan-clubs in the United Kingdom and the United States . One such record was issued each year from 1963 to 1969 and an LP compilation of all seven in 1970 . Conceived as a means to appease fan-club members whose letters , due to their sheer volume , were not always being answered in a timely manner , the records included the Beatles ' messages of thanks to `` loyal Beatle people '' , along with skits , Christmas carols , and original compositions . None of the original recordings has ever been subject to general release , though a version of `` Christmas Time ( Is Here Again ) '' , an original composition which appeared in edited form on the 1967 record , eventually gained an official release in 1995 , as part of The Beatles Anthology project .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e33dacfc1e536b51c4cca24199c2993e", "text": "A Hard Day's Night (film) A Hard Day 's Night is a 1964 British musical comedy film directed by Richard Lester and starring the Beatles -- John Lennon , Paul McCartney , George Harrison , and Ringo Starr -- during the height of Beatlemania . It was written by Alun Owen and originally released by United Artists . The film portrays several days in the lives of the group . The film was a financial and critical success . Time magazine rated it as one of the all-time great 100 films . British critic Leslie Halliwell described it as a `` comic fantasia with music ; an enormous commercial success with the director trying every cinematic gag in the book '' and awarded it a full four stars . The film is credited as being one of the most influential of all musical films , inspiring numerous spy films , the Monkees ' television show and pop music videos .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6984ceab56e94097680ae48572c70f9d", "text": "What Goes On (Beatles song) `` What Goes On '' is a song by the Beatles , featured as the eighth track on their sixth British album Rubber Soul . The song was later released as the B-side of the US single `` Nowhere Man '' , and then as the tenth track on the North America-only album Yesterday and Today . It is the only song by the band credited to Lennon -- McCartney-Starkey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "999677de8cee7065b32598806022f793", "text": "Bad to Me `` Bad to Me '' is a song credited to Lennon -- McCartney . In late interviews , John Lennon said that he wrote it for Billy J. Kramer with The Dakotas while on holiday in Spain . However , in a 1964 interview he said that he and Paul McCartney wrote it in the back of a van , so Paul contributed to it . Billy J. Kramer with The Dakotas released their recording of the song in 1963 and it became their first number 1 in the UK Singles Chart . Paul McCartney was present during the recording session at Abbey Road Studios . The single would be released in the US the following year , and become a top-ten hit there , reaching number 9 . It became one of the first occasions a Lennon -- McCartney composition made the US Top 40 recorded by an artist other than the Beatles ( the first being `` A World Without Love '' by Peter & Gordon ; another being `` Goodbye '' by Mary Hopkin ) . Bootlegs exist of Lennon 's original demo of the song , which was recorded on 31 May 1963 . An acoustic demo from the same era was released on iTunes in December 2013 on the album The Beatles Bootleg Recordings 1963 . Terry Black released a version of the song on his 1965 debut album , Only 16 . Graham Parker recorded a version of the song for the 2003 album Lost Songs of Lennon & McCartney , new versions of 17 Lennon -- McCartney songs that were originally released by other artists . Leif Garrett also recorded a version of the song for his self-titled debut album . Finnish rock band Hurriganes covered this song in their third album , Crazy Days . Recordings of `` Bad to Me '' as the Beatles may have performed it are available on the 1989 album by Bas Muys entitled Secret Songs : Lennon & McCartney and on the 1998 release It 's Four You by the Australian tribute band The Beatnix .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49585150bf88fcdb2ab48e3edaa6abc1", "text": "Stuart Sutcliffe Stuart Fergusson Victor Sutcliffe ( 23 June 1940 -- 10 April 1962 ) was a British painter and musician best known as the original bass guitarist for the Beatles . Sutcliffe left the band to pursue his career as a painter , having previously attended the Liverpool College of Art . Sutcliffe and John Lennon are credited with inventing the name , `` Beetles '' , as they both liked Buddy Holly 's band , the Crickets . The band used this name for a while until Lennon decided to change the name to `` the Beatles '' , from the word beat . As a member of the group when it was a five-piece band , Sutcliffe is one of several people sometimes referred to as the `` Fifth Beatle '' . When he performed with the Beatles in Hamburg , he met photographer Astrid Kirchherr , to whom he was later engaged . After leaving the Beatles , he enrolled in the Hamburg College of Art , studying under future pop artist Eduardo Paolozzi , who later wrote a report stating that Sutcliffe was one of his best students . Sutcliffe earned other praise for his paintings , which mostly explored a style related to abstract expressionism . While studying in Germany , Sutcliffe began experiencing severe headaches and acute sensitivity to light . In April 1962 , he collapsed in the middle of an art class after complaining of head pains . German doctors performed various checks , but were unable to determine the exact cause of his headaches . On 10 April 1962 , he was taken to the hospital , but died in the ambulance on the way . The cause of death was later revealed to have been an aneurysm in his brain 's right hemisphere .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24eb0cce6cf6fd8c34eb1ea959aec17a", "text": "Come and Get It: The Best of Apple Records Come and Get It : The Best of Apple Records is a greatest hits compilation album containing songs by artists signed to the Beatles ' Apple record label between 1968 and 1973 . The first such multi-artist Apple compilation , it was released on 25 October 2010 . Among the artists are Badfinger , Mary Hopkin , James Taylor , Billy Preston , Jackie Lomax , Ronnie Spector and Hot Chocolate . In most cases , the recordings were produced by one of the Beatles , with George Harrison and Paul McCartney being the most heavily represented on the album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d54420e0943b7c2a94fb7c7a3beeaa7", "text": "Nobody's Perfect (Deep Purple album) Nobody 's Perfect is a live album released in 1988 by the British rock band Deep Purple . It was recorded during the tour in support of The House of Blue Light in 1987 in Europe and the US . The outer sleeve photography was designed by Aubrey Powell of Hipgnosis . Track transitions are marked by fades . It also contains a new live in studio version of `` Hush '' to commemorate their 20th anniversary . `` Black Night '' was also re-recorded but never released . `` Hard Lovin ' Woman '' includes parts of `` Under the Gun '' during Blackmore 's guitar solo . `` Strange Kind of Woman '' includes the `` Superstar '' chorus from Jesus Christ Superstar . `` Woman from Tokyo '' changes into `` Everyday '' by Buddy Holly halfway through . The album represented Deep Purple 's setlist at the time , which consisted much of the typical Made in Japan set , combined with newer material from the 1984 reunion album Perfect Strangers and The House of Blue Light . Songs such as `` The Unwritten Law '' and `` Difficult to Cure '' ( which included an extended-riff from Beethoven 's Ninth Symphony , 4th Movement ) were played every night on the tour , but were not included on this album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d92b2cd291824a03c2b20bf4d8a85a2", "text": "We Can Work It Out `` We Can Work It Out '' is a song by the English rock band the Beatles , written by Paul McCartney and John Lennon . It was first issued as a double A-side single with `` Day Tripper '' in December 1965 . The release marked the first time that both tracks on a Beatles single were designated as joint A-sides . The song was recorded during the sessions for the band 's Rubber Soul album . `` We Can Work It Out '' is a comparatively rare example of a Lennon -- McCartney collaboration from this period in the Beatles ' career , in that it recalls the level of collaboration the two songwriters had shared when writing the group 's hit singles of 1963 . This song , `` A Day in the Life '' , `` Baby , You 're a Rich Man '' and `` I 've Got a Feeling '' , are among the notable exceptions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3722301fe86dd9b5044bfd55b93192ac", "text": "Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary On May 14 , 1988 , the Atlantic Records label held its 40th Anniversary Celebration by staging a non-stop concert lasting almost 13 hours at Madison Square Garden , New York . The event was dubbed `` It 's Only Rock And Roll '' . Only artists who had released material on the Atlantic label in the United States performed , with the artists spanning the 40 years of the company 's existence . Lavern Baker and Ruth Brown were the longest tenured Atlantic acts to perform , while Debbie Gibson was the most recent Atlantic signing to make an appearance at the event . Some Atlantic signings , who had either officially split up or who had not performed together for a number of years , re-formed especially to perform at the concert . These artists included The Rascals , Iron Butterfly , and the former members of Led Zeppelin . Other notable performers included Yes , Genesis , Crosby , Stills & Nash , Keith Emerson and Carl Palmer ( representing Emerson , Lake & Palmer ) , Foreigner , Paul Rodgers , Bob Geldof , Booker T. Jones , Wilson Pickett , The Coasters , The Spinners , Peabo Bryson , The Blues Brothers ( featuring Dan Aykroyd and Sam Moore ) , Roberta Flack , The Manhattan Transfer , Bee Gees , Ben E. King and Vanilla Fudge . There had been plans to close the performance with a greatest hits all-star jam , but this idea was shelved . Instead , the former members of Led Zeppelin performed as the last act . The concert was broadcast live in the US on FM radio and HBO television , commentary for the latter being provided backstage by comedian Robert Townsend . HBO commenced its live broadcast a few hours into the event and interspersed footage of the concert which had been taped earlier by the network . In so doing , some of the artists ' sets were edited or omitted . An edited version aired later that year on ABC hosted by Robert Hays . Several banners heralding the reunion of Led Zeppelin band members were displayed like tapestry by excited fans , but , to their dismay , were taken down before HBO went with their live feed . The Audio was recorded by David Hewitt and Stanley Johnston on the Record Plant Black Truck . In the United Kingdom the event was broadcast over a period of four weeks by BBC 2 , presented as hour-long episodes . Atlantic Records later released this production on video under the title Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary : It 's Only Rock 'n' Roll . The release intercut concert footage with highlights from earlier performances , as well as older footage from the Atlantic archives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f76f4906dda1db8ce68965a412b9f729", "text": "Lazy (Deep Purple song) `` Lazy '' is a song by Deep Purple from their 1972 album Machine Head . A live performance of the song can be found on the album Made in Japan , released later the same year . The song starts out as an instrumental , keyboardist Jon Lord plays an overdriven Hammond organ intro , followed by the main riff and with the solo swapping between him and guitarist Ritchie Blackmore . Vocalist Ian Gillan comes in with the vocals later in the song . He also uses harmonica both on the studio version and live . At over 7 minutes long , it is the longest track on the album , and live versions were often extended past 10 minutes . The live version on Made in Japan features a theme from Hugo Alfvén 's `` Swedish Rhapsody # 1 '' , played by Ritchie Blackmore as a part of his solo . Additionally , Jon Lord includes the riff from the C Jam Blues in the intro . Ritchie Blackmore would sometimes include the main riff from `` Lazy '' in live performances of the song `` Man on the Silver Mountain '' by Rainbow . Gillan defined the song as rhythm and blues . Later live performances after the band 's reunion in 1984 tended to be much shorter , cutting out the intro and one of the verses . However , more recent performances with Steve Morse have gone back to the original arrangement . Readers of Guitar World voted `` Lazy '' the 74th greatest guitar solo of all time . Sections of this song were often used in Australia on the Channel 9 Wide World of Sports program when cutting to an ad . Jesse Gress , writing for Guitar Player magazine , noted that Ritchie Blackmore 's `` bluesy head to ` Lazy ' ( from Deep Purple 's Machine Head ) fondly paraphrases Slowhand 's -LSB- Clapton 's -RSB- Bluesbreaker-era showcase ` Steppin ' Out ' right down to the same style of third-position swing-sixteenth G blues riffing '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85451079cf7eb261b00008f404bf4d65", "text": "Smoke on the Water `` Smoke on the Water '' is a song by the English rock band Deep Purple . It was first released on their 1972 album Machine Head . In 2004 , the song was ranked number 434 on Rolling Stone magazine 's list of the 500 greatest songs of all time , ranked number 4 in Total Guitar magazine 's Greatest Guitar Riffs Ever , and in March 2005 , Q magazine placed `` Smoke on the Water '' at number 12 in its list of the 100 greatest guitar tracks . Watchmojo.com ranked it number 5 on the Top 10 Guitar Riffs of All Time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f6449847a601fc0724665f5d63ee3908", "text": "Blue Wild Angel: Live at the Isle of Wight Blue Wild Angel : Live at the Isle of Wight is a posthumous live album by Jimi Hendrix released on November 12 , 2002 . The album documents Hendrix 's last U.K. live performance at the Isle of Wight Festival on August 31 , 1970 , three weeks before his death . The set list for the concert contained songs from the original Experience albums , as well as new songs . Some were previously available on Isle of Wight ( 1971 ) and Live Isle of Wight '70 ( 1991 ) . Included in the set was an adaptation of `` God Save the Queen '' and a cover of The Beatles ' `` Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band '' , played just before launching into `` Spanish Castle Magic '' . The 22-minute version of `` Machine Gun '' includes walkie-talkie interference from security personnel feeding through the sound equipment . The CD set is more complete than the DVD release as it contains `` Midnight Lightning '' , `` Hey Baby ( New Rising Sun ) '' , and `` Hey Joe '' , three songs omitted from the DVD . There was also a `` highlights '' album released as a single disc , which contained eleven songs -- nine from disc one and two from disc two . It was re-released in 2003 as a three-disc `` Deluxe Sound & Vision Edition '' in a special box and slip cover format as part of Experience Hendrix 's plan to re-release most of Jimi Hendrix 's recorded material .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f15aa6b5988fd5bcb0062e5a765c828", "text": "Tell Me Why (Beatles song) `` Tell Me Why '' is a song by English rock band the Beatles from their album A Hard Day 's Night . In North America , it was released on both the American version of A Hard Day 's Night and the album Something New . Credited to Lennon -- McCartney , it was written by John Lennon in either Paris or New York City and recorded in eight takes on 27 February 1964 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc537674f91ab1f4ccea2d59ac584b65", "text": "Classic Albums Live Classic Albums Live is a concert series based in Toronto , Ontario , in which musicians perform a classic rock album in its entirety . The series was founded in 2003 by Craig Martin , a musician who had previously produced a series of boutique cabaret shows as well as composed music for television and film . The musicians go to great lengths to faithfully recreate every sound on the original album . They have performed with orchestras , sitarists , choirs and schools . The shows are treated like recitals with the album being performed in its entirety followed by a ` greatest hits ' set of the featured artist . Albums that have been performed include Led Zeppelin 's Led Zeppelin , Led Zeppelin II and Led Zeppelin IV , Bruce Springsteen 's Born to Run , Supertramp 's Crime of the Century and Breakfast in America , the Rolling Stones ' Sticky Fingers and Exile on Main St. , Fleetwood Mac 's Rumours , Eagles ' Hotel California , Guns N ' Roses ' Appetite for Destruction , Pink Floyd 's The Dark Side of the Moon , Wish You Were Here , The Wall and Animals , Queen 's A Night at the Opera , and the Beatles albums Rubber Soul , Revolver , Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band , The Beatles ( AKA the `` White Album '' ) , and Abbey Road . In recent years , the series has presented concerts in a variety of cities , including Orlando , Florida , Los Angeles , Philadelphia , Akron , La Mirada , Jacksonville , Gainesville , Lakeland , Coral Springs , New York , New Jersey , Dallas , Houston , Uncasville , Connecticut , Las Vegas , Nevada , and Rochester , New York . On December 17 , 2006 , Classic Albums Live performed the entire 213-song Beatles song catalogue in one 13-hour concert at the Phoenix Concert Theatre in Toronto . A different lineup performs each album . There is a group of core musicians who are frequently part of the performances , including Nick Hildyard , Rob Phillips , Lindsay Clark , Leslea Keurvorst , Troy Feener , Clifton David , Dom Polito and Marty Morin . Occasionally , more famous Canadian musicians are brought in as well , including Mia Sheard , Kim Bingham , Nicholas Walsh , and ex-members of Moist . In some venues , they will bring in local musicians to fill needed spots . For example , on June 16 , 2006 , the group performed the Beatles ' Sgt. Pepper album at the Hard Rock Live in Orlando ; they brought in the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra to fill in on the orchestral parts . When performing in Toronto , they usually play at Massey Hall . The producer of Classic Albums Live has created a musical called Gig which will run in 2016 . List of albums performed : The Beatles ' catalogue Led Zeppelin Led Zeppelin II Led Zeppelin IV Houses of the Holy Physical Graffiti In Through the Out Door Meddle The Dark Side of the Moon Animals Wish You Were Here The Wall A Night at the Opera Who 's Next Are You Experienced Boston Crime of the Century Breakfast in America The Last Waltz Rust Never Sleeps Harvest The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars OK Computer Ten Nevermind Regatta de Blanc Outlandos d'Amour The Joshua Tree London Calling Band on the Run Texas Flood Let It Bleed Sticky Fingers Some Girls Exile on Main St. Appetite for Destruction Highway to Hell Back in Black Born to Run Hotel California Rumours The Doors L.A. Woman Legend Pearl Paranoid Van Halen Thriller Purple Rain Nothing 's Shocking Woodstock 2112 Saturday Night Fever A Very Lennon Christmas Elton John Greatest Hits", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a985c8e5246f56e5b24c48fc43e4b9a", "text": "Only a Northern Song `` Only a Northern Song '' is a song by English rock band the Beatles from their 1969 album Yellow Submarine . Written by George Harrison , it was recorded mainly in February 1967 during the sessions for Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band but the Beatles chose not to include it on that album . Instead , it was one of the four new songs that the band provided for the 1968 animated film Yellow Submarine , to meet their contractual obligations to United Artists . Harrison wrote `` Only a Northern Song '' out of dissatisfaction with his status as a junior songwriter with the Beatles ' publishing company , Northern Songs . The lyrics and music convey his disenchantment at how the company retained the copyright for the songs it published , and at how , following its public listing in 1965 , the major shareholders profited more from his compositions than he did . The recording features Hammond organ , played by Harrison , and an overdubbed montage of assorted sounds including trumpet blasts and spoken voices , anticipating John Lennon 's 1968 sound collage `` Revolution 9 '' . Due to the difficulty in assembling the completed track from two tape sources , `` Only a Northern Song '' remained a rare song from the Beatles ' post-1963 catalogue that was unavailable in true stereo until 1999 . That year , it was remixed for inclusion on the album Yellow Submarine Songtrack . The song has received a varied response from reviewers ; while Ian MacDonald dismisses the track as a `` self-indulgent dirge '' , the website Ultimate Classic Rock identifies it as one of the Beatles ' best works in the psychedelic rock genre . A version of the song with a different vocal part , and omitting the sound collage overdubs , was issued on the Beatles ' 1996 outtakes compilation Anthology 2 . Gravenhurst and Yonder Mountain String Band are among the artists who have covered `` Only a Northern Song '' .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "dadb2db95245ee39ce62beb1d49ae000", "text": "Bedazzled (2000 film) Bedazzled is a 2000 fantasy-comedy film remake of the 1967 film of the same name , originally written by Peter Cook and Dudley Moore , which was itself a comic retelling of the Faust legend . The film was directed by Harold Ramis and stars Brendan Fraser and Elizabeth Hurley .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "726641b45f2a11dfbd6af7bf9146e4ff", "text": "Elizabeth Hurley Elizabeth Jane Hurley ( born 10 June 1965 ) , sometimes known as Liz Hurley , is an English actress and model . She has been associated with the cosmetics company Estée Lauder since the company gave Hurley her first modelling job at the age of 29 . They have featured her as a representative and model for their products , especially perfumes such as Sensuous , Intuition , and Pleasures , since 1995 . Hurley owns an eponymous beachwear line . As an actress , her best-known film roles to date have been as Vanessa Kensington in Mike Myers ' hit spy comedy , Austin Powers : International Man of Mystery ( 1997 ) and as the Devil in Bedazzled ( 2000 ) . In 2015 , Hurley began starring in the E! original series The Royals . In the 1990s , Hurley became known as the girlfriend of Hugh Grant . In 1994 , as Grant became the focus of international media attention due to the success of his film Four Weddings and a Funeral , Hurley accompanied him to the film 's Los Angeles premiere in a plunging black Versace dress held together with gold safety pins , which gained her instant media attention .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "1cdeb37ad0a13d3078a8c756cc894860", "text": "Amelia Warner Amelia Warner ( born 4 June 1982 ) is an English actress , as well as a musician who performs under the name Slow Moving Millie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f4579b90a27326e8256b2e60b0d8dff1", "text": "Emma Barton Emma Louise Barton ( born 26 July 1977 in Portsmouth , England ) is an English actress . She played Honey Mitchell in EastEnders from November 2005 to September 2008 , and on a temporary basis during 2014 . Barton returned full-time in late 2015 . Before her role in EastEnders , Barton appeared in Spooks and on stage in plays including Grease , Loveshack and Thoroughly Modern Millie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4b426e12d14bb772ebdd58f214d70717", "text": "Tuppence Middleton Tuppence Middleton ( born 21 February 1987 ) is an English actress . She was nominated for the London Evening Standard Film Awards 2010 for Most Promising Newcomer . Since 2015 , she portrays Riley Blue in the television series Sense8 . She has appeared in feature films such as Tormented ( 2009 ) , Chatroom ( 2010 ) , Cleanskin ( 2012 ) , Trance ( 2013 ) , The Lady Vanishes ( 2013 ) , The Imitation Game ( 2014 ) , and Jupiter Ascending ( 2015 ) , as well as in television series such as Bones ( 2008 ) , New Tricks ( 2010 ) , Friday Night Dinner ( 2011 ) , Sinbad ( 2012 ) , Spies of Warsaw ( 2013 ) , and Black Mirror ( 2013 ) , and Sense8 ( 2015 ) . She starred in two British period dramas screened around the same time , Dickensian ( 2015 -- 16 ) , playing Miss Havisham , and War & Peace ( 2016 ) , in which she played Russian princess and villain Hélène Kuragina .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc260f52457f4ee9a4806f22ed33f38d", "text": "Ashleigh Sterling Ashleigh Sterling ( born April 27 , 1983 ) is an actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "412263e0812b78f2cc39fed3f8ef1bc3", "text": "Jane Gurnett Jane E. Gurnett ( born March 1957 , Dorset ) is an English actress best known for her leading roles in British TV series Casualty ( from 1994 to 1996 ) , Dangerfield ( 1998 -- 1999 ) and the second incarnation of Crossroads ( 2001 -- 2003 ) . The actress moved to Warwick School to teach drama and has been there since 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7559f386347a96ffefc0df57e067f1b6", "text": "Sarah Smart Sarah Smart ( born 3 March 1977 ) is an English actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58b19d28b9f0c1581f6730a8c6c4311b", "text": "Kate Hodgson Kate Hodgson ( born 30 August 1985 ) is an English actress and photographer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "db9c6f1399b4f4b476e2f7c52578fdf6", "text": "Carol Raye Carol Raye ( born 17 January 1923 ) is a retired English-born singer and dancer , theatre and television and film actress and comedian . She is well known for her early career in the UK and later in Australia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a116b69c0dfd003c9a6e9824c124fdd8", "text": "Felicity Montagu Felicity J. Montagu ( born 12 September 1960 ) is an English actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34e32811d918deb8fe4281398a99a553", "text": "Laura Petela Laura Petela ( born 8 July 1983 ) is a British television actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f57f726fd1e36356ded1d40e1d9c348", "text": "Caroline Sheen Caroline Sheen ( born 1976 ) is a Welsh actress who has played various roles on stage in the West End and at other venues across London and the UK . She played the role of Mary Poppins on the First National Tour of America . She appeared as Fantine in Les Misérables alongside Ramin Karimloo and Hadley Fraser , and appears in the film version as well .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "811a267a649f104e886c98a0dae7e24a", "text": "Selina Chilton Selina Chilton ( born 19 September 1981 ) is an English actress who has appeared in theatre and television productions . Chilton is best known for her role as Ruth Pearce in the BBC soap opera ; Doctors , which began in April 2008 and ended on 17 December 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38355e5d82558e8ed0a4dbd83b678942", "text": "Gabrielle Glaister Gabrielle Glaister ( born 27 July 1960 ) is an English actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd9da57d49b96a6f01f94f10a7c2889c", "text": "Elizabeth Estensen Elizabeth `` Liz '' Estensen ( born 10 August 1949 ) is an English actress , mainly known for work in the popular television dramas The Liver Birds and Emmerdale . She was born in Stockton-on-Tees , County Durham , and her surname comes from her Norwegian grandad .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82453ab4a211f5b240920bb2bdc29629", "text": "Susan Shaw Susan Shaw ( 29 August 1929 -- 27 November 1978 ) was an English actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1bf1319204ced9f099e2f1a81a31496a", "text": "Victoria Sellers Victoria Sellers ( born 20 January 1965 ) is a British model , actress , comedian and jewellery designer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ef5dbca5c4e964b38f184646ba83922", "text": "Jennifer James Jennifer James ( born Jennifer Marie Reynolds ; 3 December 1977 ) is an English actress born in Billinge Higher End , Wigan in Greater Manchester . She played the role of Geena Gregory in Coronation Street .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d381a4131f5f3236fd9b313617c83ee", "text": "Sarah Manners Sarah Manners ( born 25 August 1975 ) is an English actress , best known for her role as Joanna Helm in the BBC soap opera Doctors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8267feaa9e7289d9d7bf1f3ae7d4d6fd", "text": "Siân Phillips Dame Jane Elizabeth Ailwên Phillips , DBE ( born 14 May 1933 ) , known professionally as Siân Phillips ( -LSB- ˈʃɑːn -RSB- ) , is a Welsh actress , author and singer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a33b116b99badaad45abaf51e4ff082e", "text": "Lydia Fox (actress) Lydia Fox ( born 1979 ) is an English film , television , and stage actress and producer . She is also known by her married name , Lydia Ayoade .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c25443b7418050922585fcf0c7044d6d", "text": "Lady Gaga Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta ( -LSB- ˈstɛfəniː_dʒɜrməˈnɒtə -RSB- ; born March 28 , 1986 ) , known professionally as Lady Gaga , is an American singer , songwriter , and actress . At the beginning of her career , Gaga became known for her unconventionality and provocative work . A popular contemporary recording artist , she is noted for constantly experimenting with new musical ideas and images . Gaga initially played roles in high school plays , and studied at CAP21 through NYU 's Tisch School of the Arts before dropping out to pursue a musical career . After leaving a rock band , participating in a performance art circuit , and being dropped from a contract with Def Jam Recordings , Gaga worked as a songwriter for Sony/ATV Music Publishing . From there , Akon noticed her vocal abilities and helped her sign a joint deal with Interscope Records and his own KonLive Distribution in 2007 . Gaga rose to prominence with the release of her successful debut album The Fame ( 2008 ) and its international chart-topping singles `` Just Dance '' and `` Poker Face '' . A follow-up EP , The Fame Monster ( 2009 ) , was met with a similar reception and the singles `` Bad Romance '' , `` Telephone '' , and `` Alejandro '' were also successful . Gaga 's second full-length album Born This Way ( 2011 ) topped the charts in more than 20 countries , including the US , where it sold over one million copies in its first week . The album produced the number-one single `` Born This Way '' . Gaga 's third album Artpop , released in 2013 , topped the US charts and included the successful single `` Applause '' . In 2014 , Gaga released a collaborative jazz album with Tony Bennett titled Cheek to Cheek , her third consecutive number one in the US . For her work in the television series American Horror Story : Hotel , Gaga won a Golden Globe Award in 2016 . With her fifth studio album Joanne ( 2016 ) , she became the first woman to have four US number one albums in the 2010s . In February 2017 , Gaga headlined the Super Bowl LI halftime show , which had over 150 million audience across various platforms worldwide , making it the most viewed musical event in history . With global album and single sales of 27 million and 146 million respectively , as of January 2016 , she is one of the best-selling musicians of all time . Her achievements include twelve Guinness World Records , three Brit Awards , and six Grammy Awards . She has also received awards from the Songwriters Hall of Fame and the Council of Fashion Designers of America . Gaga regularly appears on Billboards Artists of the Year lists and Forbess power and earnings rankings . She was ranked at number four on VH1 's Greatest Women in Music , finished second on Times 2011 readers ' poll of the most influential people of the past ten years , and was named Billboards Woman of the Year ( 2015 ) . She is known for her philanthropic work and social activism , including LGBT rights and her own non-profit organization , the Born This Way Foundation , which focuses on promoting youth empowerment and combating bullying .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b5aadd183c1015b02bbffa242a48c087", "text": "Born to Die Born to Die is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey . Her major label debut , it was released on January 27 , 2012 by Interscope Records , Polydor Records and Stranger Records . Del Rey collaborated with producers including Patrik Berger , Jeff Bhasker , Chris Braide , Emile Haynie , Justin Parker , Rick Nowels , Robopop and Al Shux to achieve her desired sound . Their efforts resulted in a primarily baroque pop record , which sees additional influences from alternative hip hop , indie pop and trip hop music . Contemporary music critics gave Born to Die mixed reviews ; some commended its distinctive production , while its repetitiveness and melodramatic tendencies were a recurring complaint . The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 77,000 copies ; it was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) after moving one million units . Born to Die reached the peak positions on eleven international record charts . After attaining online success after its initial premiere on June 29 , 2011 , `` Video Games '' was released as the lead single from Born to Die on October 17 , 2011 ; it peaked at number ninety-one on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Its follow-up singles `` Born to Die '' , `` Off to the Races '' , `` Blue Jeans '' , `` Summertime Sadness '' , `` National Anthem '' , and `` Dark Paradise '' performed sporadically across Billboard component charts and international record charts . The Cedric Gervais remix of `` Summertime Sadness '' was released on July 11 , 2013 and became Del Rey 's highest-charting single in the United States , reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . Del Rey additionally promoted Born to Die with several televised performances , including a widely criticized appearance on Saturday Night Live . It was reissued on November 9 , 2012 as an expanded version subtitled The Paradise Edition , which was packaged with her third extended play Paradise ( 2012 ) . Born to Die has sold 7,000,000 copies worldwide as of June 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9484e40d91d550426931a2e4cb8a83f", "text": "Play On (Carrie Underwood album) Play On is the third studio album by American singer and songwriter Carrie Underwood . It was released in the United States on November 3 , 2009 , through Arista Nashville . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 with first week sales of 318,000 copies , which was rated as the highest first-week sales for a female artist in 2009 upon release . It is her second album to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 , and her third to debut atop the Billboard Top Country Albums chart . As of October 2016 , the album has been certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA , Platinum by the CRIA and Gold by the ARIA . Play On has since sold over three million copies worldwide . The album spawned three consecutive Billboard Hot Country Songs number one singles -- `` Cowboy Casanova '' , `` Temporary Home '' and `` Undo It '' , all of which certified Multi-Platinum or Platinum by the RIAA . The fourth single , `` Mama 's Song '' , reached number two on the chart and received a Gold certification from the RIAA . `` Cowboy Casanova '' achieved one of the biggest single-week upwards on the Billboard Hot 100 of all time , when it climbed 96-11 in its second week . `` Temporary Home '' and `` Mama 's Song '' were both nominated for Grammy Awards , while Play On was nominated for Album of the Year at both the 2010 Academy of Country Music Awards and Country Music Association Awards , and won Favorite Country Album at the 2010 American Music Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb78d839de029f4f8e6ccfea7cca6929", "text": "The Pussycat Dolls discography The discography of American girl group The Pussycat Dolls consists of two studio albums , one extended play , two live albums , 14 singles , two promotional singles and 13 music videos . To date , the group has sold 15 million albums and 40 million singles worldwide . In 2003 , Robin Antin struck a joint venture with Interscope Records to develop the Pussycat Dolls into a recording group . In 2004 , the group made their musical debut by releasing a cover of `` Sway '' , for the soundtrack to the film , Shall We Dance ? . Their self-titled debut album was released in September 2005 and it peaked at number five on the Billboard 200 . It earned double platinum certification in the United States by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , and 3 × platinum in Australia by the Australian Recording Industry Association ( ARIA ) , and 4 × platinum the United Kingdom by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) . The album 's lead single , `` Do n't Cha '' , peaked atop the charts in 15 countries and reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100 and was certified platinum by the RIAA . Its follow-up singles , `` Stickwitu '' and `` Buttons '' were also a commercial success peaking in the top five on charts worldwide . After the success of their debut album , The Pussycat Dolls released their first video album , Pussycat Dolls : Live from London in 2006 to coincide with the group 's headlining world tour . As of 2008 , PCD has sold 3 million copies in the United States . After a three-year hiatus in hopes to further Scherzinger 's own solo career , the group reunited to record their second and final studio album , Doll Domination in September 2008 . Scherzinger began to receive a larger input in the recording process as co-writer and co-producer of the album . Doll Domination garnered a higher peak position than PCD of number four on Billboard 200 , but failed to match its predecessor 's commercial success . Its lead single `` When I Grow Up '' became another top ten single for the group . `` I Hate This Part '' was released as the second single and managed to attain similar success . In early 2009 , Doll Domination was re-released as two compilation albums . The lead single from Doll Domination 2.0 was `` Jai Ho ! ( You Are My Destiny ) '' which reached number one in 17 countries and follow-up single `` Hush Hush ; Hush Hush '' reached the top 20 worldwide . In 2010 , the original recording group line-up disbanded .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac944516232c8f3f2601e6308b72be58", "text": "Records and achievements of Madonna American singer Madonna , throughout her career , spanning three decades , has obtained a remarkable series of statistical achievements , setting and breaking several world records with her participation in entrepreneurial activities , of acting and her performance in the musical scene for her videos , singles , albums , and tours . Her first appearance in the Guinness Book of World Records was in 1986 with her third studio album , True Blue . Since then , she has earned multiple appearances , some 20 at least in February 2012 , including her insigne record title as the top-selling female recording artist of all time . Madonna 's commerciality has achieved scrutiny studies and analysis from different point of view in the academia world or by marketers , through her marketing strategies , controversies and reinvention , surpassing to others new or contemporary artists . In popular culture , many international artists have been called `` Madonna '' , many times , by their impact and success in their respective countries or genres . Also , her presence in popular culture , has been led to create world records about Madonna . Dubbed as the most successful and most influential female artist of all time , Madonna 's music is defined in several occasions , for changing contemporary music history for women 's , mainly rock , dance and pop scene .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f4a9dd23afa404a404705c6a1ba8ede6", "text": "Now That's What I Call Music! 37 (U.S. series) Now That 's What I Call Music ! 37 was released on February 8 , 2011 . The album is the 37th edition of the ( U.S. ) Now ! series . Seven tracks selected for the album were number-one hits on the Billboard Hot 100 : `` Love The Way You Lie '' , `` Just the Way You Are '' , `` Firework '' , `` Raise Your Glass '' , `` We R Who We R '' , `` Only Girl ( In The World ) '' and `` Like a G6 '' . Now ! 37 debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart with first week sales of 151,000 , the biggest week for any US-released Now album since Now ! 31 started at number one with 169,000 in July 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d045a21f1c0a7fd5a0dbc94f5d3be4f", "text": "Dance/Electronic Digital Songs Dance/Electronic Digital Songs is a weekly chart that ranks the best-selling digital dance and electronic singles in the United States , according to Billboard . Although it originally started tracking singles the week of January 2 , 2010 , it did not become an official chart until the issue dated April 3 , 2010 . The Dance/Electronic Digital Songs chart tracks the 50 most popular downloaded dance music singles , including tracks that are exclusively available online only . This chart also includes previously released dance and disco songs that became available for downloading , which means that songs like `` You Spin Me Round ( Like a Record ) '' by Dead or Alive are eligible to chart . On January 17 , 2013 , Billboard added a new chart , Dance/Electronic Songs , which tracks the 50 most popular Dance and Electronic singles and tracks based on club play , single sales , radio airplay , digital downloads , and online streaming . As such , this chart serves as the main component for the Dance Club Songs , Dance/Mix Show Airplay , Dance Single Sales , and Dance/Electronic Digital Songs charts . The chart 's first number one was `` Bad Romance '' by Lady Gaga in the January 23 , 2010 issue and Gaga 's songs spent so far ( as December , 2014 ) a total of 1025 weeks on the chart . The chart 's longest running number-one is `` Bulletproof '' by La Roux , reigning at the lead position for 18 consecutive weeks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da840d95d86bd6971d04ba89f158abd2", "text": "A Moment Like This `` A Moment Like This '' is the debut single by American singer Kelly Clarkson , the winner of the first season of American Idol . It was released as a double-A side with `` Before Your Love '' and topped the Billboard Hot 100 . The song was later included on her debut album , Thankful ( 2003 ) . It is her coronation song from American Idol . In 2006 , the song was recorded and released by British singer Leona Lewis , the winner of the third series of The X Factor . Her version gained the Christmas number one , outselling the rest of the top 40 combined . Lewis ' version has sold 914,000 copies as of 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56d35f1d1d984121d4f9744b3f2ff834", "text": "The Third Album The Third Album may refer to : The Third Album ( Barbra Streisand album ) , 1964 The Third Album ( Paul Jabara album )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33bc9944ade1896b011265cf0de178d3", "text": "Third (Cait Brennan album) Third is the second full-length album by Cait Brennan , released by Omnivore on April 21 , 2017 . The follow-up to 2016 's critically lauded Debutante , Third was recorded at Ardent Studios in Memphis , TN , in the same studio and on much of the same recording gear as Big Star used during its Ardent heyday . The album was co-produced and performed entirely by Brennan and Fernando Perdomo , a producer and rock artist who also co-produced Linda Perhacs ' widely acclaimed 2014 album The Soul of All Natural Things for Asthmatic Kitty records . Perdomo and Brennan met as fellow artists on the International Pop Overthrow festival in 2012 , and quickly became friends ; Brennan appears in Perdomo 's `` Smile '' music video , and Perdomo has played in Brennan 's touring band . The duo produced Brennan 's 2016 debut , as well as an unreleased second album and a set of demos for Sire Records founder Seymour Stein before ultimately signing with Omnivore Recordings in January 2017 . During the recording of Brennan 's Sire Records demo sessions , Brennan and Perdomo attended a Grammy Museum presentation celebrating the 50th Anniversary of Ardent Studios . At the event , Brennan and Perdomo encountered Big Star drummer and Ardent president Jody Stephens , who invited the pair to record their third album at Ardent in Memphis . When the Sire deal did not materialize , the duo traveled to Memphis and recorded 13 songs in three days , with Brennan and Perdomo producing and playing all the instruments , and Ardent 's Adam Hill engineering the sessions . During the sessions , the pair used many of the same instruments and amplifiers used by Big Star during their heyday , including Alex Chilton 's Hi-Watt amps , Mellotron and Chris Bell 's cherry red Gibson guitar . As with Brennan 's debut album Debutante , Brennan and Perdomo played all of the instruments , with the exception of two guest appearances by longtime Memphis power pop legend Van Duren and former Continental Drifters guitarist Robert Mache . The album was mastered by Grammy-winning audio engineer Michael Graves ; Cheryl Pawelski of Omnivore Recordings , who had a long history working with Ardent and Big Star , signed Brennan to Omnivore in January 2017 , slating Brennan 's Third for an April 2017 release to coincide with Record Store Day .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c465f9df3c4f6d402563f7631f1de37", "text": "I Am... World Tour I Am ... World Tour ( sometimes referred to as the I Am ... Tour ) was the fourth concert tour by American recording artist Beyoncé . It was launched in support of her third studio album , I Am ... Sasha Fierce ( 2008 ) . The tour was announced in October 2008 and the first dates were revealed in December 2008 . It kicked off in late-March 2009 with five rehearsal shows in North America , officially commencing in late April 2009 . The tour visited the Americas , Europe , Asia , Africa , and Australia with 108 shows in total . Preparations for the shows began eight months prior to the beginning of the tour with twelve-hour rehearsals for two months . Knowles described the shows as her best and most theatrical from all of her tours . Pre-concert food drives were held during several stops of the I Am ... World Tour as part of a campaign by General Mills ' Hamburger Helper entitled , `` Show Your Helping Hand '' where fans were asked to bring food during the concerts . The set list for the concerts included songs from Knowles ' three studio albums as well as several covers of other artists and a Destiny 's Child medley . The central theme of the tour was to showcase the difference between Knowles ' dual personality ; her emotional side and her onstage persona , Sasha Fierce which was also demonstrated in the dual album I Am ... Sasha Fierce . The show featured two stages -- the main one and a smaller B-stage where Knowles was transferred during the middle of the show . She was backed by an all-female band , female background dancers and a big LED screen . Thierry Mugler collaborated with Knowles on the costumes and had a creative advisor role further working on the choreography , lighting and production . Chris March made the costumes usable for stage and helped in their making . For the ballads , Knowles wore longer dresses while for the performances of the up-tempo songs , more make-up and more revealing outfits were worn . The fashion and Knowles ' look and figure received praise from critics . I Am ... World Tour received critical acclaim from music critics who praised Knowles ' performance abilities calling her the best female performer and chose the performances of `` Ave Maria '' , `` Listen '' and `` At Last '' as highlights during the shows . A concert in Malaysia was cancelled by Knowles after several Muslim groups tried to ban it although she agreed to tone down her look according to the country 's standards . The tour was commercially successful grossing $ 86.0 million from 93 shows in total . Separate performances of several songs were broadcast on different channels and two concerts were released as live albums ; the live performance at the I Am ... Yours revue was released in a CD/DVD format in 2009 and footage of the tour was released on an eponymous titled live album in 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc172f1ef685c2db421e5343624548f8", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance ( previously called Best Rhythm and Blues Solo Vocal Performance , Female ) was an honor presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , to female recording artists for quality R&B songs . Awards in several categories are distributed annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position . '' According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award was presented to artists that performed `` newly recorded solo R&B vocal performances '' . Solo numbers by members of an established group were not eligible for the award as `` separate entries from the duo or group performances . '' Albums were also considered for the accolade until 1992 . As a part of the major overhaul of Grammy categories , the award was discontinued in 2011 . The Female R&B Vocal Performance category , Male R&B Vocal Performance category and all duo/group vocal performances in the R&B category shifted to the Best R&B Performance category in 2012 . The award for the Best Female R&B Vocal Performance was first presented to Aretha Franklin at the 10th Grammy Awards ceremony in 1968 for the song `` Respect '' . Franklin received the most wins with eleven , followed by Anita Baker with five . Franklin also holds the record for the most nominations with twenty-three , while Chaka Khan is second with eight nominations . Fantasia Barrino became the final recipient of the award , when her song `` Bittersweet '' won the award in 2011 . The award was presented to artists from the United States each year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07dc150129180ef649750b0cbc8015d1", "text": "The Cure (song) `` The Cure '' is a song recorded by American singer and songwriter Lady Gaga . She co-wrote the song with Paul Blair , Nick Monson , Lukas Nelson , and Mark Nilan ; Detroit City , Gaga , and Monson produced the song . Following `` Perfect Illusion '' and `` Million Reasons '' as singles from Gaga 's fifth album Joanne ( 2016 ) , `` The Cure '' was released as a single on April 16 , 2017 , after her live debut performance of the song at the Coachella music festival where she was a main headliner . It has reached the top 10 of the record charts in Australia , France , Hungary , Scotland , Slovakia and Spain as well as the top 20 in Czech Republic , United Kingdom , Lebanon and Latvia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5557d62773a1b9a963a151a8437e39b", "text": "This Is the Remix (Destiny's Child album) This Is the Remix is a remix album by American R&B group Destiny 's Child . Released in the United States on March 12 , 2002 by Columbia Records , the album contains a blend of R&B and dance remixes from the band 's previously released three albums Destiny 's Child ( 1998 ) , The Writing 's on the Wall ( 1999 ) and Survivor ( 2001 ) as well as solo material . The album 's name is a self-explanatory message taken from the first track `` No , No , No Part 2 '' . Upon its release , the album reached number 19 on the US Top R&B / Hip Hop Albums chart and entered the top thirty of the Billboard 200 , while reaching the top ten of the New Zealand Albums Chart . Critical reception was generally positive with Allmusic remarking that `` these versions are n't only different ; usually , they 're better than the originals . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1035d21564b08b179e598f58d9d67e61", "text": "Tony Bennett and Lady Gaga: Cheek to Cheek Live! Tony Bennett and Lady Gaga : Cheek to Cheek Live ! is an American concert television special featuring live performances by Tony Bennett and Lady Gaga in support of their collaborative studio album , Cheek to Cheek , released in September 2014 . It was held at the Rose Theater of Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in July following the announcement of the album 's release , and was aired on PBS on October 24 , 2014 , as part of the network 's Great Performances series . The concert was watched by an audience consisting of invited guests and students from New York schools . Bennett and Gaga were joined on stage by 39-piece orchestra and jazz musicians associated with both artists . A number of costumes were worn by Gaga , provided by designers including Roberto Cavalli , Michael Costello , Mathieu Mirano , Valentino as well as David Samuel Menkes . The special received one nomination at the 67th Primetime Emmy Awards . Bennett and Gaga performed a total of 13 songs from the album , including the number one singles on Billboards Jazz chart `` Anything Goes '' and `` I Ca n't Give You Anything but Love '' . Before the concert was aired , a number of promotional videos from the show were released . Additionally , PBS announced that the concert was filmed in 4K resolution . On January 20 , 2015 , the DVD and Blu-ray was released , and later for digital download on iTunes Store . It reached the top-ten of the record charts in many countries , reaching number one in the US and Belgium . Bennett and Gaga partnered with LG Electronic , who aired the concert across all retail chains in the United States , on LG 's 4K Ultra High-definition TV screens . Tony Bennett and Lady Gaga : Cheek to Cheek Live ! became the first concert to be streamed in 4K resolution . The show received positive reviews , with critics praising Gaga and Bennett 's vocals and their camaraderie on stage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2dd9d3b2e7d7cabc2b8e8c0d6d8d2012", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Missy Elliott Missy Elliott is an American rapper , singer-songwriter , author , record producer and actress . Missy 's debut album Supa Dupa Fly was released on July 15 , 1997 in the United States under her own label The Goldmind Inc. signed under Elektra Records . Her second album Da Real World was then released on June 22 , 1999 , followed by her third album Miss E. . . So Addictive , released on May 15 , 2001 . Under Construction was the fourth album released by Elliott , which was released on November 12 , 2002 , followed by her fifth album This Is Not a Test ! that saw a release in November 25 , 2003 , and The Cookbook , Elliott 's latest album to date , which was released on July 4 , 2005 . Throughout Missy Elliott 's career , she has received several awards and nominations . Elliott would also be noted to become the first female rapper in history to take home the award for `` Best International Video '' from VIVA Comet Media Awards for her solo debut single , `` The Rain ( Supa Dupa Fly ) '' . Elliott 's debut Supa Dupa Fly ( 1997 ) would go on to score two Grammy nominations for Best Rap Solo Performance & Best Rap Album , alongside three MTV Music Video Awards nominations for `` Best Direction in a Video , '' `` Best Breakthrough Video '' & `` Best Rap Video '' . Missy Elliott 's second album Da Real World ( 1999 ) attained a Grammy nomination for Best Rap Album . She also received an award for `` Best R&B / Soul or Rap Music Video '' by the Soul Train Awards . The album went on to go platinum making it Elliott 's second platinum album . The follow-up , Miss E. . . So Addictive ( 2001 ) , was a commercial success ; selling over 9.2 million copies worldwide making it her third consecutive platinum album . This album would attain twelve MTV Video Music Awards nominations throughout 2001 and 2002 . Additionally , the effort gained Elliott several nominations from various award shows some including , the Grammy Awards , MTV Video Music Awards , and the BET Awards . On March 27 , 2001 , Lil ' Kim , Christina Aguilera , Pink , and Mýa recorded a cover version of the LaBelle song , `` Lady Marmalade '' as a medley for the feature film Moulin Rouge that Missy Elliott wrote and produced , which topped # 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for five weeks . `` Lady Marmalade '' scored Elliott 's first Grammy Award in 2002 for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals . Missy Elliott 's fourth album Under Construction ( 2002 ) was certified double platinum , making it her fourth platinum album . The effort gained Elliott eight MTV Video Music Awards in 2003 , taking two awards for `` Video of the Year & `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . The album also gained Elliott five Grammy nominations in 2004 for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group , Best Rap Album , Album of The Year , Best Rap Song & Best Female Rap Solo Performance taking an award for Best Female Rap Solo Performance . Elliott 's follow-up This Is Not a Test ! ( 2003 ) would also attain a platinum certification , as well as two MTV Video Music Awards and one MTV Music Video Japan Awards nominations . The Cookbook ( 2005 ) is Missy Elliott 's latest album to date . The effort attained three Grammy nominations in 2006 for Best Short Form Music Video , Best Rap Song & Best Rap Album . Elliott received the award for Best Short Form Music Video for her single `` Lose Control '' . The Cookbook also gained Elliott seven MTV Video Music Awards nominations , taking two awards for `` Best Dance Video '' and `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . In 2014 , Missy Elliott became nominated for a Grammy for Best R&B Song for the featured single , `` Without Me '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5dd26717a6a403cb827f5ec4e1986cd", "text": "Country Grammar Country Grammar is the debut studio album by American rapper Nelly . It was released on June 27 , 2000 , by Universal Records ( who released the album after listening to demos by Nelly , before signing a record deal with the rapper in 1999 ) . The production on the album was handled by Jason `` Jay E '' Epperson , with additional production by C-Love , Kevin Law , City Spud , Steve `` Blast '' Wills and Basement Beats . Nelly contributed to all lyrics on the album , with Epperson and City Spud also contributing . The album introduced a unique Saint Louis , Midwestern sound , and introduces Nelly 's vocal style of pop-rap singalongs and Midwestern , Missouri twang . It was supported four successful singles : `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , `` E.I. '' , `` Ride wit Me '' and `` Batter Up '' . Its lead single , `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , peaked at number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 and UK Singles Chart . `` E.I. '' charted at number 16 , number 12 and number 11 on the Hot 100 , UK Singles Chart and ARIA Singles Chart , respectively . `` Ride wit Me '' peaked within the top five on the Hot 100 , ARIA Singles Chart , Irish Singles Chart and UK Singles Chart . The album 's fourth and final single , `` Batter Up '' featuring Murphy Lee and Ali , achieved moderate chart success . Country Grammar received positive reviews , with critics praising Nelly 's vocal style and the album 's production . It topped the US Billboard 200 chart for five consecutive weeks , and the US Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart for six consecutive weeks . It peaked in the top five on the New Zealand Albums Chart and Australian Albums Chart , as well as the top ten on the Canadian Albums Chart and Dutch Albums Chart . The album was certified three times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand ( RIANZ ) and Music Canada ( MC ) , denoting shipments of 45,000 and 300,000 copies , respectively . In 2016 , Country Grammar became the ninth hip hop album to be certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipment of 10 million copies in the US . Its commercial success secured Nelly 's status as one of the most successful hip hop acts of the 2000s decade . On Billboard decade-end chart , Nelly ranked as the third most successful act of the 2000s decade , due largely to the success of Country Grammar and his follow-up album Nellyville ( 2002 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb1a0192df5037093557b1d59585adff", "text": "Third Hawkins Born Maurice Hawkins , Third Hawkins is a recognized music producer in and out of the DMV area including his hometown of Baltimore , Maryland . He has been producing music for over 10 years and was formally in the r & b group JONDOE . His group was signed to a demo deal with Universal Music Group during the late 90 's but an album never formed . After performing on the Apollo Theater the group decided to disband and Third Hawkins began his production career . Buying music equipment piece by piece he started working with local artist including a young group which he helped formed . After working with several local artist Third began writing for different singers and became one of Baltimore and Dc 's most unknown talent . He started Ghostwriting for artist because he did not want the notoriety that comes with fame . QUOTE : `` My goal is to become the best multi-genre African American male author of the future . '' Third Hawkins hits the scene with the pure gifted talent of story telling in a way that captivates each reader as if they were a part of the story twisting Urban Literature writing in a way that has never been done . . QUOTE : `` I have done so many things in my life that has made me become the man I am today . Some good and some bad but none of them do I regret . '' Third Hawkins began his journey in the music business in an R&B group called JONDOE of which they were signed to a major record label but never produced a full album . It was then when he focused his talent for writing songs and developing them into musical love stories that he began his curiosity for the literary arts . Although writing is what he loved to do music was always his passion . Producing tracks for local and other music artist . Performing at the legendary Apollo theater and other venues are what inspired him to become a better artist . Between work and relationships the music in his life dwindled and the love he once had left after years of R&B changed in the musical domain . He began to write short stories just for fun and one day while on the subway train . Using nothing but his data phone began texting his first book , `` My Only Syn '' . After writing the book and seeing how new found friends that were writers were screwed over by several publishing companies Third started his own publishing company , 3rdHawkins Publishing and began to write the self acclaimed drama `` Wake Me When It 's Over '' based on the life of a strong man trying to survive living with depression . `` I look at urban novels as the future of literary art because of the fact that it 's as real as you can get in telling a story . Hip Hop was once looked at as a genre in music that would never last and now the stories that they tell have influenced all genres of music from rock to country . Every one has some sort of story to tell and some stories may help even if it 's just one person who will read my book and can relate : I am satisfied and feel I have done my job as an author . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14905ee2e83ca7494e6a8210db4c7245", "text": "This Moment Is Mine This Moment Is Mine is the third album released by R&B singer Chanté Moore . The album was released on May 25 , 1999 , four and a half years after her previous album , A Love Supreme . The album gave her her biggest hit to date , `` Chante 's Got a Man '' , which became her first top ten single on the Billboard Hot 100 as well as a # 2 hit on the R&B charts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1f5f33808709ad8e10fd1f05fa9f0ca", "text": "This Is It (concerts) This Is It was a planned residency show of 50 concerts by Michael Jackson at the O2 Arena in London , scheduled to run from July 2009 to March 2010 . The shows were to be Jackson 's first major series of concerts since the HIStory World Tour finished in 1997 . With all concerts sold out , Jackson suffered a cardiac arrest and died less than three weeks before the first concert was scheduled to begin . Jackson announced This Is It at a press conference in the O2 Arena , stating that it would be his final series of concerts in London . AEG Live , the concert promoters , released a promotional video that took up an entire commercial break , setting a record for ITV . Initially only 10 concerts were announced , but following public demand 40 more concerts were added . Ticket sales broke several records and Jackson 's album sales increased following the announcement ; AEG Live estimated that the first 10 dates alone would have earned Jackson approximately # 50 million . In preparation for the concert series , Jackson had been collaborating with high-profile figures including fashion designer Christian Audigier , choreographer Kenny Ortega and bodybuilder Lou Ferrigno . Prior to Jackson 's death , Allgood Entertainment sued Jackson for $ 40 million , claiming that he had breached an exclusivity agreement with them by agreeing to the This Is It concerts . The case was dismissed . After Jackson 's death , AEG Live offered either refunds to ticket holders or a special `` souvenir '' ticket designed by Jackson . The cancelled shows , record-breaking ticket sales and potential for a world tour made This Is It `` the greatest concert -LSB- s -RSB- that never happened . '' Columbia Pictures acquired the footage of the rehearsals and released a concert film , Michael Jackson 's This Is It , accompanied by a compilation album of the same name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2d8a5f3e6e0d4ebe6969c0dd151c765", "text": "Carrie Underwood discography American singer and songwriter Carrie Underwood has released five studio albums and 29 singles . Underwood rose to fame after winning the fourth season of American Idol in 2005 . Her debut album , Some Hearts , was released in 2005 and is the fastest-selling debut country album in Nielsen SoundScan history . It also became the best-selling solo female country debut in Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) history , as well as the top-selling debut album of any American Idol contestant in the United States . Her second album , Carnival Ride , was released in 2007 and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 charts . During the first week , it sold 527,000 copies , which at the time was the best sales week by a female solo country artist since Shania Twain 's Greatest Hits sold 530,000 copies in its first week back in 2004 . The album has since been certified 4x Platinum . Underwood released her third studio album , Play On , on November 3 , 2009 . It debuted at number one on the Top Country Albums chart and the all-genre Billboard 200 . It features the number one singles `` Cowboy Casanova '' , `` Temporary Home '' , and `` Undo It '' , as well as the number two single , `` Mama 's Song '' . The album has since been certified 3x Platinum in the US , Platinum in Canada , and Gold in Australia . On June 2011 , the album re-entered the Australian Albums Charts for both the ARIA National Top 50 and the Country Top 20 albums at number 14 and number one , respectively , giving Underwood her first number one album in Australia . The album was eventually certified Gold in Australia . On May 1 , 2012 , Underwood released her fourth album , Blown Away . In the United States , it sold 267,000 albums in its first week and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and the Top Country Albums charts . It debuted at number one in Canada 's Top 200 all-genre albums chart and Top 100 Country albums chart , being immediately certified Gold . The album also debuted at number one on Australia 's Top 20 Country Albums and number four on the all-genre Top 50 Albums . The album has been certified 2x Platinum in the United States and Canada . On December 9 , 2014 , Underwood released her first greatest hits album , Greatest Hits : Decade # 1 . The compilation debuted at number four on the Billboard 200 and at number one on the Top Country Albums charts , and set several records upon release , including having the biggest sales debut for a hits collection in any genre of music in more than six years and the biggest first-week sales for a female hits album in any genre in over nine years . The album was certified Platinum by the RIAA on January 16 , 2015 . Underwood 's fifth studio album , Storyteller was released on October 23 , 2015 . The album debuted at number 2 on the Billboard 200 . This made Underwood the only country artist to have his or her first five studio albums debut at number one or number two on the Billboard 200 chart . It also debuted atop the Top Country Albums chart , earning Underwood another record as the only artist to score six consecutive number one albums on that chart . The album was certified Platinum by the RIAA on October 24 , 2016 . Underwood has sold in excess of 65 million records globally . In the United States , she has sold 16.3 million albums and over 34.8 million digital singles , making her the best-selling American Idol contestant of all-time . She is the top country artist and the fifth highest-certified female artist on the RIAA Top Artists ( Digital Singles ) Ranking . She is also the fourth biggest album seller among artists who have debuted the past 13 years . Underwood has accumulated 85 Billboard number-ones . She has had 15 singles top the Billboard Country Airplay , and 14 singles top the Hot Country Songs , respectively . Notably , Underwood garnered twenty-six consecutive top 10 singles on the Hot Country Songs chart , the longest streak of top ten singles for a country artist .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a6b775e29fd4560b1328452ac8b65eaa", "text": "Chester Bennington Chester Charles Bennington ( born March 20 , 1976 ) is an American musician , singer , songwriter and actor . He is best known as the lead vocalist of rock bands Linkin Park , Dead by Sunrise , and live rock cover band Bucket of Weenies . He was originally the lead vocalist for Sean Dowdell And His Friends ? and Grey Daze . Bennington was the lead vocalist for Stone Temple Pilots from 2013 to 2015 . Bennington became known as a vocalist with Linkin Park 's debut album , Hybrid Theory , in 2000 , which was a massive commercial success . The album was certified Diamond by the RIAA in 2005 , making it the best-selling debut album of the decade , as well as one of the few albums to ever hit that many sales . Linkin Park 's following studio albums , Meteora ( 2003 ) , Minutes to Midnight ( 2007 ) , A Thousand Suns ( 2010 ) , Living Things ( 2012 ) , and The Hunting Party ( 2014 ) , continued the band 's success . Bennington formed his own band , Dead by Sunrise , as a side project in 2005 . The band 's debut album , Out of Ashes , was released on October 13 , 2009 . He worked on new material with Stone Temple Pilots in 2013 to release the EP High Rise on October 8 , 2013 via their own record label , Play Pen . Bennington has been ranked in the Top 100 Heavy Metal Vocalists by Hit Parader ( No. 46 ) .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "beead449d6aaf16a6bde5b660ba1c6f8", "text": "The Bends The Bends ( stylised as the bends ) is the second studio album by the English alternative rock band Radiohead , released on 13 March 1995 by Parlophone Records in the United Kingdom and by Capitol Records in the United States . The album was produced by John Leckie and engineered by Nigel Godrich , who would go on to co-produce all future albums by the band . The Bends marked the beginning of a shift in aesthetics and themes for the band , with greater use of keyboards and more abrasive guitar tracks , while balancing them with subtler ones . The introspective grunge-influenced style of their debut album Pablo Honey ( 1993 ) evolved into more multi-layered rock with cryptic lyrics and larger ideas , as the band and its lead singer and songwriter Thom Yorke reacted against the rigours of their near-constant world tours . The Bends received greater critical acclaim than Pablo Honey , receiving an enthusiastic critical reaction , and it reached # 4 on the UK Albums Chart . However , it failed to build on the commercial success of `` Creep '' outside of the United Kingdom , and it peaked on the United States charts at # 88 . Although it lacked the instant success of Radiohead 's subsequent albums , The Bends achieved triple platinum sales certifications in the UK and Canada , as well as platinum sales certifications in the United States ( by the Recording Industry Association of America ) and Europe . The album spawned five charting singles ; My Iron Lung was first released as an EP in 1994 before the album was released , and `` High and Dry '' was later released with the album 's opener `` Planet Telex '' as its B-side . `` Fake Plastic Trees '' was released as the album 's second single and was followed by `` Just '' . `` Street Spirit ( Fade Out ) '' , the final single from the album , became their first top 5 hit in the United Kingdom . In the years since its release , the album has frequently appeared in listener polls and critics ' lists of the greatest albums of all time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1dab27a42eb1ca99ae246321633e7bd", "text": "Syntax (band) Syntax are an English electronic music group originally formed in 2002 by the musicians Jan Burton ( also the band 's vocalist ) and Mike Tournier ( ex-member of the band Fluke ) . They are best known for the songs `` Destiny '' , `` Bliss '' and `` Pride '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f1bbd4dd167639bf5d549f7859809ed", "text": "Link Wray Fred Lincoln ` Link ' Wray , Jr. ( May 2 , 1929 -- November 5 , 2005 ) , was an American rock and roll guitarist , songwriter , and vocalist who became popular in the late 1950s . Building on the distorted electric guitar sound of early records , his 1958 instrumental hit `` Rumble '' by Link Wray and his Ray Men popularized `` the power chord , the major modus operandi of modern rock guitarists '' , facilitating the emergence of `` punk and heavy rock '' . Rolling Stone placed Wray at No. 45 of the 100 greatest guitarists of all time . In 2013 he was a nominee for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame . Though he began in country music , his musical style went on to consist primarily of rock and roll , rockabilly , and instrumental rock .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb4d1f4a68d268cabc2c0a3b82e9298a", "text": "Ted Park Ted Taewon Park ( born December 4 , 1994 ) , better known by his stage name Ted Park , is an American singer , rapper , and songwriter from Madison , Wisconsin . Ted Park released his single `` Hello ( Who is this ) '' on September 15 , 2016 which made the Top 10 on Billboard and Spotify 's Viral 50 Charts . The notierity and publicity from the single landed Ted Park a deal with Capitol Fr , Universal . Hello has received nationwide radio play , and is over 120,000 streams on Spotify .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7746a89703f34dbe6f12e223ef3399cf", "text": "Twenty Twenty (band) Twenty Twenty are a pop punk band based in London , Cambridge and Essex , UK . They are made up of lead vocalist/guitarist Sam Halliday , brother and bassist/vocalist Jack Halliday , and drummer/vocalist Sonny Watson-Lang . The band have supported acts such as The Wanted , The Saturdays , Avril Lavigne , Scouting For Girls , Big Time Rush and Selena Gomez . Festival appearances have included playing with JLS , Diversity , and McFly . July 2010 saw the band play at the O2 Arena with The Saturdays , and Tinchy Stryder . In early 2011 Twenty Twenty supported The Saturdays on a UK tour throughout February and March and supported The Wanted in March and April . 17 April 2011 saw the release of the band 's new single and their first release signed to a major label . Their debut album `` Small Talk '' was released on 2 May 2011 . On 10 January 2014 Sam and Jack officially announced the band 's split on the sugarscape website after drummer Sonny Watson-Lang 's departure from the band six months earlier .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "61ab2b178e02ad9ee10af395135f581f", "text": "Neil Fallon Neil Patrick Fallon ( October 25 , 1971 in Portsmouth , Virginia ) is the lead singer and occasional rhythm guitarist , keyboardist and percussionist for the rock band Clutch , and lead singer for The Company Band . He also joined The Bakerton Group on guitar starting with their El Rojo album . Neil Fallon has provided guest vocals on the songs `` Two Coins for Eyes '' and `` Empire 's End '' on the 2008 album Beyond Colossal by Swedish stoner rock band Dozer ; `` Crazy Horses '' by Throat ; `` Slippin ' Out '' by Never Got Caught ; `` Mummies Wrapped in Money '' by Lionize ; and `` Blood and Thunder '' by Mastodon , on their 2004 album Leviathan ; `` Santorum Sunday School '' on 2012 album , Everything Is Not Going To Be OK by Black Clouds ; `` Transistors of Mercy '' by Polkadot Cadaver , on their 2013 album Last Call in Jonestown ; `` Ayatollah of Rock 'n' Rolla '' by Soulfly , on their 2013 album Savages ; `` Clear Light Of ... '' by Hark , on their 2014 album Crystalline . Fallon 's younger sister Mary Alice Fallon-Yeskey appears on the Food Network show Ace of Cakes as office manager of Charm City Cakes in Baltimore , Maryland . On September 12 , 2013 , Fallon announced that Clutch would have to postpone their September tour ( except for a hometown show in Baltimore , Maryland at the Shindig Festival ) , due to personal health issues . Fallon released a statement through the band 's Facebook page saying `` Dear friends , this week I 've learned that a childhood injury to the neck , a genetic predisposition for spinal disease , and 20 some years of head banging will exact a toll . I 've been diagnosed with an ugly case of cervical spinal stenosis and two herniated discs . '' Fallon had surgery on September 17 , 2013 and the band resumed their tour in October . This ordeal inspired Fallon 's lyrics in `` Decapitation Blues , '' a track on Clutch 's eleventh studio album , Psychic Warfare . Fallon lives in Silver Spring , Maryland with his family .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a3b45106fb5a4bc5a4e48e80a09e94a", "text": "Chester Bay (band) Chester Bay is an American alternative rock band formed at The University of Wisconsin , Eau Claire in 2005 with most original band members hailing from Rochester , MN . The band 's music combines aspects of reggae , folk , ska , blues , and rock and roll . The band gained initial regional popularity through energetic live shows built upon technical music ability . The group has been compared to bands like Sublime , Dispatch , Blues Traveler , O.A.R. , Spin Doctors , and Bob Marley .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a945b8e25f258a526435029cbae0fdd7", "text": "Lies Greed Misery `` Lies Greed Misery '' is a song by American rock band Linkin Park . It is the fourth track from their fifth studio album , Living Things . It has entered the UK Rock Singles Charts at number 26 , although it has n't been released as a single . The song was written by the band and produced by co-lead vocalist Mike Shinoda and Rick Rubin . `` Lies Greed Misery '' was used as a promotional single and was the reward for a scavenger hunt contest run by Linkin Park . It was used in the promotion of Medal of Honor : Warfighter and got its premier in the multiplayer trailer for the game . Its working title was `` Piledriver '' and later `` Breaking Point '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cdde70ba78a7682ecbdef66a394c0a45", "text": "Lonnie Park Lonnie Park is a musician , composer , producer , and author .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab958f6911619b4fe73dc0ebfc685977", "text": "Rose's Pawn Shop Rose 's Pawn Shop is an Americana , rock , folk and bluegrass band from Los Angeles , California . Their debut album The Arsonist was released in May 2006 . The band tours several times each year throughout the United States but has recently put a hold on touring to record a new album coming 2013 . On their new album Gravity Well , the fiercely independent young quintet known as Rose 's Pawn Shop deliver a rousing , honest set that demonstrates exactly why this multi-talented , multi-instrumental L.A.-based fivesome has quickly risen from humble D.I.Y. origins to national notoriety , winning a fiercely loyal fan base in the process . The 12 new tunes that comprise Gravity Well -- produced by Ted Hutt , renowned for his work with the likes of the Dropkick Murphys , Gaslight Anthem and the Old Crow Medicine Show -- make it clear why Rose 's Pawn Shop has earned such a fervent following . The band 's catchy , anthemic songcraft channels the raw emotional power of America 's folk , country and bluegrass traditions and puts them through a modern filter , creating timelessly resonant music . Frontman Paul Givant 's heartfelt , engaging songwriting surveys such time-honored subjects as heartache , loss , regret and redemption , echoing centuries of musical tradition while still sounding wholly contemporary . Despite the lyrics ' often-dark subject matter , the music is consistently uplifting , thanks to the musicians ' infectious instrumental interplay and soaring three - and four-part harmonies . The ensemble makes innovative use of banjo , fiddle , mandolin and upright bass , while maintaining an edgy swagger . `` I think that this music exists on two different levels , '' notes singer , guitarist and main songwriter Givant , adding , `` The songs are passionate and emotional , and sometimes sad and heartbreaking . But at the same time , the energy of the music makes you want to get up and dance and release all of that pent-up energy . '' Rose 's Pawn Shop 's musical and emotional depth is apparent on such lyrically and melodically compelling new tunes as `` What Were You Waiting For ? , '' `` Staring At the Door '' and `` On the Brink , '' which merge equal amounts of country twang and punk adrenaline . Meanwhile , gentler numbers like `` Go Get Gone , '' `` Stay All Night '' and the cinematic title track explore more introspective territory , and a memorable reading of the Dock Boggs standard `` Country Blues '' affirms the group 's instinctive understanding of its vintage influences . Growing up in the 1990s , Paul Givant absorbed a wide array of music , yet he was drawn most deeply to traditional folk and bluegrass , and inspired by the music 's ability to illuminate the tragedies and triumphs of everyday life . The influence of those genres loomed large when Givant began writing songs himself . Through various mutual friendships , chance meetings and some help from Craigslist , Givant eventually connected with kindred musical spirits John Kraus , Tim Weed , Stephen Andrews and Christian Hogan , whose musical expertise , instrumental versatility and organic rapport were ideally suited to Givant 's expansive musical vision . `` The original intent , '' Givant explains , `` was to be kind of a bluegrass version of the Pogues , fusing bluegrass instrumentation and energy with rock and punk . That 's what our first album was like : gritty , high-energy and passionate , with a lot of instrumental virtuosity . But over time , we 've evolved to be more song-focused . I think we 've retained that original energy , but now we 're more focused on crafting our arrangements so the song can shine though . '' The nascent combo got its name after Rose , Givant 's ex-girlfriend and former bandmate , stole the band 's equipment from their rehearsal space and scattered their gear amongst various pawn shops throughout North Hollywood . Fortunately , the musicians were able to recover their gear , and soon forged a formidable musical chemistry that manifested itself in their highly charged live shows , and on their 2010 release Dancing on the Gallows . Rose 's Pawn Shop 's lineup solidified and began touring intensively in time to support Dancing on the Gallows , accumulating such landmarks as month-long residencies at New York 's Parkside Lounge and L.A. 's Redwood Bar , busking in New Orleans ' fabled Jackson Square , live radio sessions on such prestigious stations as KEXP in Seattle and WMBR in Boston , well-received appearances at various prestigious music festivals , and a slot opening for Jack White 's Raconteurs , at White 's invitation , at the Henry Fonda Theatre in Los Angeles . Dancing on the Gallows spent several weeks on CMJ 's influential album chart , while receiving extensive national and international airplay on college , AAA , country and alternative radio formats . Meanwhile , the band 's diligent roadwork -- which has taken them across North America several times , along with visits to the U.K. and Ireland -- has allowed Rose 's Pawn Shop to continue winning fans and friends across the nation and around the world . `` Our travels have had a big influence on our evolution , '' Givant states . `` Meeting other bands and meeting people from all over the world at our shows has had a big influence on our songwriting , and opened us up to new musical traditions . Seeing the world in general and being away from home for long periods of time has influenced many of our songs . It 's matured us , as people and as a band . '' Rose 's Pawn Shop 's ongoing musical journey yields considerable musical rewards on Gravity Well , making it clear that the band 's creative horizons are unlimited . `` We 've always been about the music and the songs , and the expression of the human experience through music , '' says Givant . `` But we 've matured as musicians over time , and I think that that 's been reflected in the music . We 've learned that we do n't all have to play crazy at all times , and we 've learned to pick our moments to shine and deliver the songs in the most clear , concise and passionate way possible . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d0df2d1a4a1578bdab424a2db56d607", "text": "Ben Ottewell Benjamin Joseph `` Ben '' Ottewell ( born 23 June 1976 ) is an English singer-songwriter . He is one of the three lead singers of the English indie rock band Gomez . He was the recipient of the Mercury Music Award Prize in 1998 , and is well known for his `` deep , raspy voice '' and `` gravelly baritone '' . In 2011 , Ottewell embarked upon a solo-project , with the debut album Shapes & Shadows .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f679d1817660a7b647f22204d5e28869", "text": "Ben Howard Benjamin John `` Ben '' Howard ( born 24 April 1987 ) is an English singer-songwriter . He self-released his debut EP Games in the Dark ( 2008 ) followed by two more EPs , These Waters ( 2009 ) and Old Pine ( 2010 ) . He is currently signed to Island and Communion . His major debut studio album came in 2011 titled Every Kingdom followed by two more EP releases , Ben Howard Live ( 2011 ) and The Burgh Island E.P. ( 2012 ) . At the 2013 Brit Awards he received the Brit Award for British Male Solo Artist . He performed at 2013 Glastonbury festival on the Pyramid Stage on Saturday 29 June . He released his second studio album , I Forget Where We Were , in October 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a25c79acbc075eb0516ace82f2c5880a", "text": "Good Goodbye `` Good Goodbye '' is a promotional single by American rock band Linkin Park , featuring guest vocals from American rapper Pusha T and English hip hop artist Stormzy . The song is a promotional single from their seventh studio album , One More Light . The song was written by Linkin Park members , with Pusha T and Stormzy writing their own verses . The song was released for download on April 13 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc7ab45de773ffec66082e35e3e7b9de", "text": "Black Tusk (band) Black Tusk ( often written as Blacktusk ) is an American heavy metal power trio from Savannah , Georgia . The band was formed in 2005 , when its members were all living on the same street . With the dissolution of Andrew Fidler 's ( guitar , vocals ) and Jonathan Athon 's ( bass , vocals ) crust punk band and James May 's ( drums , vocals ) street punk band , Andrew and Athon went down the street to James ' house and asked him if he wanted to play with them . During the next few days they jammed continuously , and within a few months they had recorded the EP When Kingdoms Fall , which was released on Wrecked Signal . Two years later the band self-released their first full-length studio album , The Fallen Kingdom , followed by another a year later with Passage Through Purgatory , released through the local label Hyperrealist Records . In 2009 , Black Tusk released a series of split albums with bands such as ASG , The Holy Mountain , and Fight Amp , before sign to Relapse Records in November . The band released its debut for Relapse , Taste the Sin , in May 2010 . Black Tusk is mostly associated with Baroness and Kylesa , for their shared hometown of Savannah , as well as for their sludge metal sound . The band is linked to Baroness ' guitarist and vocalist John Dyer Baizley , who is also a painter and creates all of Black Tusk 's artwork . Black Tusk 's members describe their music as `` swamp metal , '' a term that has been described by Allmusic as `` the murkiest , dirtiest sludge to come out of Savannah since Kylesa '' . The term is a reference to the climate of Savannah in relation to the music that the band create . Reviewing the album , Taste the Sin , Pitchfork Media stated that the band 's blend of hardcore punk and stoner metal `` works to capitalize on the immediacy of its chosen genres and not to bend them into obscurity . '' Black Tusk acknowledges its punk rock origins , but prefer not to cite a list of bands that influence them because they feel that it is ineffective since they are not `` trying to emulate any one band 's style or any one genre 's sound . '' On November 9 , 2014 , band member Jonathan Athon died due to injuries sustained from a motorcycle accident . He was placed in a medically-induced coma and , per his wishes , was pulled from life support after it was determined that he had irreparable brain damage . On December 10 , 2014 , the band confirmed they would be touring with Black Label Society in early 2015 , with Corey Barhorst filling in on bass duties , as well as confirmed they finished the recording of their next album prior to the death of Jonathan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71f84ebc1ba72db9fef1a31612d95e98", "text": "Geoff Tate Geoff Tate ( born Jeffrey Wayne Tate , January 14 , 1959 ; he later changed his first name to Geoffery or Geoffrey ) is a German-born American singer and musician . He rose to fame with the progressive metal band Queensrÿche , who had commercial success with their 1988 album Operation : Mindcrime and 1990 album Empire . Tate is ranked fourteenth on Hit Paraders list of the 100 Greatest Metal Vocalists of All Time . He was voted No. 2 on That Metal Show 's top 5 hard rock vocalists of the 1980s . In 2012 , he won the Vegas Rocks ! Magazine Music Award for `` Voice in Progressive Heavy Metal '' . In 2015 , he placed ninth on OC Weekly 's list of the 10 Best High-Pitched Metal Singers . After his farewell tour as Queensrÿche , he renamed his band Operation : Mindcrime , after the Queensrÿche album of the same name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d77eb99be92e19d418c90ae470c4aaf3", "text": "No Pleasantries No Pleasantries is the debut album of American post-grunge band U.P.O. Released on May 30 , 2000 , the album broke U.P.O. into the mainstream rock scene and was their most successful release . It was made available on iTunes on September 22 , 2004 . In promotion of No Pleasantries , U.P.O. toured throughout 2000 with popular acts such as Linkin Park , Nickelback , Godsmack , and 3 Doors Down . July saw the group joining Slipknot , Slayer , and Metallica on the Tattoo the Earth Tour . U.P.O. played two more shows in 2001 before their brief hiatus .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5769efafdfdc996ffa93fcfeb059cdff", "text": "Folk rock Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music . In its earliest and narrowest sense , the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s . The genre was pioneered by the Los Angeles band the Byrds , who began playing traditional folk music and songs by Bob Dylan with rock instrumentation . The term `` folk rock '' was coined by the U.S. music press to describe the Byrds ' music in June 1965 , the month in which the band 's debut album was issued . The release of the Byrds ' 1965 cover version of Dylan 's `` Mr. Tambourine Man '' and its subsequent commercial success , along with Dylan 's own recordings with rock instrumentation -- on the albums Bringing It All Back Home ( 1965 ) , Highway 61 Revisited ( 1965 ) , and Blonde on Blonde ( 1966 ) -- initiated an explosion of folk rock groups the mid-1960s . Dylan 's appearance at the Newport Folk Festival on 25 July 1965 , with an electric band backing him , was also a pivotal moment in the development of the genre . A distinct , eclectic style of electric folk was created in Britain and Europe in the late 1960s by Pentangle , Fairport Convention and Alan Stivell . Inspired by British psychedelic folk and the North American style of folk rock , Pentangle , Fairport , and other related bands began to incorporate elements of traditional British folk music into their repertoire . Fairport bassist Ashley Hutchings formed Steeleye Span with traditionalist folk musicians who wished to incorporate overt rock elements into their music , and this led to other variants , including the overtly English folk rock of the Albion Band ( also featuring Hutchings ) and the more prolific current of Celtic rock . In a broader sense , folk rock includes later similarly inspired musical genres and movements in the English-speaking world .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37e6115f9d661ae7694247ae4408e031", "text": "Petrified/Remember the Name `` Petrified/Remember the Name '' is a double single by American hip hop artist Fort Minor , the side project of rock band Linkin Park 's co-lead vocalist Mike Shinoda . It is the first single from his 2005 album The Rising Tied , released on October 3 , 2005 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "80551312e8091f95b966d8af33bbf27f", "text": "Andrea Parkins Andrea Parkins is an American composer , sound artist , performer and improvisational musician based in New York . She is known for her inventive explorations on the electric accordion , generative sound processing , and arrangements of objects and sound . Parkins received a BFA from Tufts University and MFA from Mason Gross School of the Arts , Rutgers University . Parkins 's work is influenced by the compositional strategies of John Cage and Fluxus and pays homage to musique concrète and 1970s analog synth . Parkins often incorporates electronically processed accordion , customized sound processing , live tape manipulation , analog effects boxes , laptop electronics , acoustic piano , sampling , and amplified objects . Her method and sound were characterized by LA Weekly as : `` The big , varied , confidently conceived abstractions Parkins yanks from her squeezebox , laptop , effects devices and maybe piano -- cloudy and cranky one minute , surgically sharp the next . '' With an unconventional approach to instruments , Parkins `` fragments the instrument 's traditional vocabulary and expands its capabilities with electronics and extended techniques . '' Recently Andrea Parkins has been developing a series of interactive sound and image works inspired by the structures of Rube Goldberg 's circuitous machines . Describing this organizational approach Stephen Bezan remarked : `` the individual sounds manipulated by Parkins seem to interact and influence the outcome of the other , crafting a goal-oriented structure based on timbre , not harmony or rhythm . This approach transcends the inherent cacophony of the material and reveals a genuinely organic , even playful quality to her work . '' Parkins has described her Rube Goldberg approach as a means for examining slippages between object and meaning . She observed : `` An important conceptual thread running through these pieces is the discovery and expression of metaphors for the slippage and tension between object and meaning that occurs through the passage of time . '' Describing her intentions , Parkins noted : `` As both a sonic and visual artist , I try to build and layer idiosyncratic systems and structures that point to these shifts in meaning . '' Andrea Parkins has toured and exhibited internationally and has been presented at the Whitney Museum of American Art , The Kitchen , Experimental Intermedia , and Diapason Gallery for Sound and Intermedia . She has collaborated with musicians such as Nels Cline , Jim Black , Ellery Eskelin , David Watson , David Fenech , Fred Frith , Thomas Lehn , Günter Müller , and Otomo Yoshihide and choreographers Olive Bieringa and Otto Ramstad from the BodyCartography Project . Parkins has been the recipient of various grants , awards , and residencies including Meet the Composer , New York State Council for the Arts , Harvestworks Media Art Center , in New York City , Frei und Hanseastadt Hamburg Kulturbehoerde , in Germany , and CESTA in the Czech Republic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26206befc0560660cabdba96b85a0cac", "text": "Ben Kyle Ben Kyle ( born May 21 , 1981 ) is an Irish-American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist . He is best known as the lead singer and songwriter for the Americana band Romantica . Kyle 's singing style has been compared to those of Jeff Tweedy and Ryan Adams .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "43a213028ff9f6ca059fe08aa301f8e3", "text": "Black Panther (film) Black Panther is an upcoming American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is intended to be the eighteenth film installment of the Marvel Cinematic Universe . The film is directed by Ryan Coogler from a screenplay by himself and Joe Robert Cole , and stars Chadwick Boseman as T'Challa / Black Panther , alongside Michael B. Jordan , Lupita Nyong ` o , Danai Gurira , Martin Freeman , Daniel Kaluuya , Angela Bassett , Forest Whitaker , and Andy Serkis . In Black Panther , T'Challa returns home as king of Wakanda but finds his sovereignty challenged by a long-time adversary in a conflict that has global consequences . Wesley Snipes first mentioned his intention to work on a Black Panther film in 1992 , with that project going through multiple iterations over the next decade but never coming to fruition . A Black Panther film was announced as one of the ten Marvel films that would be developed by Marvel Studios and distributed by Paramount Pictures in September 2005 , with Mark Bailey hired to write a script in January 2011 . Black Panther was officially announced in October 2014 , with Boseman appearing first in Captain America : Civil War . By the end of 2015 , Cole and Coogler had both joined the film , and additional cast members came on board beginning in May 2016 . Principal photography for the film took place from January to April 2017 , at EUE/Screen Gems Studios and Pinewood Atlanta Studios in the Atlanta metropolitan area , and Busan , South Korea . Black Panther is set to be released in the United States on February 16 , 2018 , in IMAX .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "6a9f2b491c92f4f072177cb5b0ea79c4", "text": "Captain Marvel (Mar-Vell) Captain Marvel ( Mar-Vell ) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character was created by writer-editor Stan Lee and designed by artist Gene Colan and first appeared in Marvel Super-Heroes # 12 ( December 1967 ) . The character debuted during the Silver Age of comic books and has made many appearances since then , including a self-titled series and the second volume of the Marvel Spotlight series . Captain Marvel was ranked 24th in IGN 's list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' and has appeared in television series and video games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66104da057d16380d6dae935f0bcd161", "text": "William Gaines William Maxwell `` Bill '' Gaines ( -LSB- geɪnz -RSB- March 1 , 1922 -- June 3 , 1992 ) , was an American publisher and co-editor of EC Comics . Following a shift in EC 's direction in 1950 , Gaines presided over what became an artistically influential and historically important line of mature-audience comics . He published the popular satirical magazine Mad for over 40 years . He was posthumously inducted into the comic book industry 's Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame ( 1993 ) and the Jack Kirby Hall of Fame ( 1997 ) . In 2012 , he was inducted into the Ghastly Awards ' Hall of Fame .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d234d4a641c49429238cb1950043a61a", "text": "Events from the Modern Age of Comic Books One of the key aspects of the Modern Age of Comic Books was that it was the beginning of big events . In 1984 , Marvel Comics debuted the first large crossover , Secret Wars , a storyline featuring the company 's most prolific superheroes , which overlapped into a 12-issue limited series and many monthly comic books . A year later , DC Comics introduced its first large scale crossover , Crisis on Infinite Earths , which had long-term effects on the `` DC Universe '' continuity . In the early and mid-1990s , big events were regularly published by Marvel and DC , often leading to extra publicity and sales . These events helped fend-off competition from Image Comics , and such events were more likely to become `` collector 's items . '' Some events , such as DC 's `` Zero Hour '' and Marvel 's `` Onslaught saga '' spanned a publisher 's entire line while others only affected a `` family '' of interrelated titles . The X-Men and Batman franchises featured crossovers almost annually . Some of the most significant mid-1990s events , such as Spider-Man 's `` Clone Saga , '' Batman 's `` Batman : Knightfall '' and particularly , `` The Death of Superman '' caused dramatic changes to long-running characters and received coverage in the mainstream media . These events led to significant sales boosts and publicity , but many fans began to criticize them as excessive and lacking compelling storytelling . They also complained that monthly series had become inaccessible because one had to follow a number of comics to understand the full storyline . By the end of the 1990s , the number of large crossovers decreased , but they were still launched sporadically .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b78bfc5ff158a15a2295c620c6fffd3d", "text": "Black Power movement The Black Power movement was a political movement to achieve a form of Black Power and the many philosophies it contains . The movement saw various forms of activism some violent and some peaceful , all hoping to achieve black empowerment . The Black Power movement also represented socialist movements , all with the general motivation of improving the standing of black people in society . Originated during the Civil Rights Movement , some doubted the philosophy of the movement begging for more radical action , taking influences from Malcolm X . The cornerstone of the movement was the Black Panther Party , a Black Power organization dedicated to socialism and the use of violence to achieve it . The Black Power movement developed in the criticisms of the Civil Rights Movement in the early 1960s , and over time and into the 1970s , the movement grew and became more violent . After years of violence , many left the movement and the police began arresting violent actors in the movement . The Black Power movement also spilled out into the Caribbean creating the Black Power Revolution . Motivated by principles of community control , Black Power activists founded scores of institutions and services , including black-owned bookstores , food cooperatives , farms , media , printing presses , schools , clinics , and ambulance services .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e700a9680540bc1e0014e24e0e0d274", "text": "Hollywood blacklist The Hollywood blacklist -- as the broader entertainment industry blacklist is generally known -- was the practice of denying employment to screenwriters , actors , directors , musicians , and other American entertainment professionals during the mid-20th century because they were accused of having Communist ties or sympathies . Artists were barred from work on the basis of their alleged membership in or sympathy with the Communist Party USA or refusal to assist investigations into the party 's activities . Even during the period of its strictest enforcement , the late 1940s through the late 1950s , the blacklist was rarely made explicit or verifiable , but it directly damaged the careers of scores of individuals working in the film industry . The first systematic Hollywood blacklist was instituted on November 25 , 1947 , the day after ten writers and directors were cited for contempt of Congress for refusing to testify to the House Un-American Activities Committee . A group of studio executives , acting under the aegis of the Association of Motion Picture Producers , fired the artists -- the so-called Hollywood Ten -- and made what has become known as the Waldorf Statement . On June 22 , 1950 , a pamphlet entitled Red Channels was published . Focused on the field of broadcasting , it identified 151 entertainment industry professionals in the context of `` Red Fascists and their sympathizers . '' Soon , most of those named , along with a host of other artists , were barred from employment in most of the entertainment field . The blacklist lasted until 1960 , when Dalton Trumbo , a Communist Party member from 1943 to 1948 and member of the Hollywood Ten , was credited as the screenwriter of the highly successful film Exodus , and later publicly acknowledged by actor Kirk Douglas for writing the screenplay for the movie Spartacus . A number of those blacklisted , however , were still barred from work in their professions for years afterward .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00a47f45a8903ab372e4f8938ed1c815", "text": "List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times . Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 . BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design . At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b8c8085016bfdb091f17fe3b98fcf31", "text": "Batwing (DC Comics) Batwing is a fictional comic book superhero appearing in publications by DC Comics . Within DC Comics internal continuity , Batwing is one of several superheroes patterned after the famous superhero Batman . Batwing , in particular , was conceived by Batman as his crime-fighting counterpart overseas , ` the Batman of Africa ' . The first Batwing is David Zavimbe , a Congolese police officer , created by writer Grant Morrison within the pages of Batman Incorporated prior to receiving his own eponymous series . Following later events within Batman Incorporated and Batwing , Zavimbe is replaced in the role by Luke Fox , an American mixed martial artist who had been Batman 's first choice in the role , who is also the son of Batman 's close associate Lucius Fox . Batwing faces a roster of adversaries ranging from international super villains to the Democratic Republic of Congo 's corrupt police force . Batwing expands the DC Universe by taking place in Africa , making David Zavimbe both the first ( in continuity ) black Batman and one of the few characters headlining a series outside the United States . Fox is also black , and becomes the first in-continuity African American Batman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5634cf8095139d0e09af1034178a7070", "text": "Dark X-Men The Dark X-Men are a fictional team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . They made their debut during the crossover between Dark Avengers and Uncanny X-Men written by Matt Fraction , as part of the broader Dark Reign storyline . Each member but Namor has been handpicked by then -- H.A.M.M.E.R. director Norman Osborn for his own criminal agenda . The team was never officially called the `` Dark X-Men '' ( which was the name of the comics series , not the team ) . Instead , they were simply called the `` X-Men '' and were a government-sponsored team trying to take advantage of the name recognition of Charles Xavier 's X-Men , to which they had no official connection ( much like Osborn 's Avengers team was pretending to be the real Avengers ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c6fdda7ad5031160cd87e2695f485a5", "text": "Ultimate Comics: The Ultimates Ultimate Comics : The Ultimates is an ongoing monthly comic book series published by Marvel Comics that made its debut in September 2011 as part of the second re-launch of Ultimate Marvel . Through the `` Ultimate Universe Reborn '' tagline following the `` Death of Spider-Man '' and written by Jonathan Hickman with art by Esad Ribic , the series also serves as a continuation of elements from Ultimate Comics : Fallout , and exists alongside other relaunched Ultimate Marvel titles including Ultimate Comics : Spider-Man and Ultimate Comics : X-Men . The series continues the adventures of the Ultimates , including Nick Fury , Thor and Iron Man .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f70baff569a8022a98a92db2243646a", "text": "Avengers vs. X-Men Avengers vs. X-Men ( abbreviated AvX and AvsX ) is a 2012 crossover event that was featured in comic books published by Marvel Comics . The event , consisting of an eponymous limited series and numerous tie-in books , involves the return of the Phoenix Force and the subsequent war between the Avengers and the X-Men . The 12-issue twice-monthly series was first published in April 2012 , and features a storyline by Jason Aaron , Brian Michael Bendis , Ed Brubaker , Jonathan Hickman and Matt Fraction , with a rotating team of artists including John Romita , Jr. , Olivier Coipel and Adam Kubert . The event was preceded by the four-issue limited series Avengers : X-Sanction by Jeph Loeb and Ed McGuinness and Avengers vs. X-Men # 0 . Avengers vs. X-Men also ties into the limited series AVX : VS , described as `` the fight book '' which expands upon many of the one-on-one battles featured in the main series , the digital series ; Avengers vs. X-Men : Infinite , and into a number of ongoing series including Avengers , Avengers Academy , New Avengers , Secret Avengers , Uncanny X-Men , Wolverine and the X-Men and X-Men : Legacy . The event was succeeded by the limited series AvX : Consequences . Despite receiving mixed reviews from critics , Avengers vs. X-Men was a commercial success that topped the comic-book sales charts from April to October 2012 . The repercussions of the storyline resulted in the new status quos of the Marvel Universe presented in the company 's Marvel NOW ! relaunch initiative .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3993cc87baf92140281e19d5c6af99fa", "text": "Shadowland (comics) `` Shadowland '' is a 2010 Marvel Comics storyline centering on Daredevil and other `` street-level '' superheroes in the Marvel Universe . The storyline started in the Daredevil comic and was expanded upon in the Shadowland five-issue mini series as well as four tie-in mini series , four one-shots , and two issues of Thunderbolts . The storyline was collected into seven individual hard cover and soft cover Trade paperbacks in 2011 . The story chronicles Daredevils ' return to Hell 's Kitchen after he becomes the leader of the Hand Ninja clan . He builds a temple/prison in Hell 's Kitchen , the eponymous Shadowland . His methods get more extreme as he kills long-time adversary Bullseye . The change in attitude brings him and his ally White Tiger in conflict with a number of street level super-heroes such as Spider-Man , Luke Cage , Iron Fist , Moon Knight and more . The storyline also introduces a new Power Man to the Marvel Universe . The heroes later realize that Daredevil has become possessed by the Beast of the Hand , which explains why Daredevil 's actions have become more and more extreme and erratic . The heroes are helped out by the Kingpin and Lady Bullseye as they try to preserve the Kingpin 's criminal empire . In the final moments of the story Iron Fist uses his mystical chi to heal Daredevil , releasing the demon inside him . In an act of sacrifice Daredevil kills himself before the Beast can take control of him again , breaking the spell the Beast had on Hell 's Kitchen . Afterwards his corpse disappears , apparently to be revived by Elektra at the conclusion of the event .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40959f8d3abb23b5b06a6c913ab273ac", "text": "Animation studio An animation studio is a company producing animated media . The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce , own the physical equipment for production , employ operators for that equipment , and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced . They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created/held by the company , much like authors holding copyrights . In some early cases , they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity . Overall , they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms . Currently there are about 201 animation studios dedicated to the production and distribution of animated films that are active . Few are actual production house where as others are corporate entities . Many of these animation studios help with the fulfillment of animation works for big brand names and have carried out outsourced projects including Nemo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82f20332282f3b0f89cff0cf11b92f2f", "text": "Black Panther (video game) Black Panther is a beat 'em up run and gun arcade game released by Konami in 1987 . You play a cybernetic black panther cat who has to save the Earth by clawing , jumping or shooting balls at enemies to kill them . You collect power-ups and defeat bosses to advance levels . Category :1987 video games Category : Arcade games Category : Arcade-only games Category : Platform games Category : Konami games Category : Beat 'em ups Category : Run and gun games", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76e21d3c01504faa5099b793d668a386", "text": "Secret War (comics) Secret War is a 2004 -- 2005 five-issue comic book limited series published by Marvel Comics . The series is written by Brian Michael Bendis and painted by Gabriele Dell ` Otto . It is loosely based on classified operations told to Bendis by an anonymous high-ranking officer in the United States Intelligence Community during Bendis ' childhood . The storyline involves a large-scale super-hero crossover featuring Marvel characters such as Spider-Man , Captain America , Wolverine , Daredevil , Luke Cage and Nick Fury fighting a wide array of super-villains who have received hi-tech armaments from a mysterious benefactor . The first issue was published in April 2004 , and though intended originally as a bimonthly publication , it faced long delays . It was completed with issue five 's publication in December 2005 . The aftermath of the series was explored in stories in The Pulse and Bendis has gone on to use many of the same characters in his New Avengers titles . This event begins an eight-year-long series of cross-over events ending with Avengers vs. X-Men . The storyline in Secret War is unrelated to the original Secret Wars and Secret Wars II crossover limited series which Marvel published in the mid-1980s , although its title is clearly inspired by them . Those stories received their own spiritual successor in Beyond ! , published in 2006 . Bendis has noted that Secret War is connected to the `` Secret Invasion '' storyline , in which Skrulls have infiltrated several institutions of Earth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6", "text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "29aa14bee0c8fbc436f762022f1fa8d9", "text": "Fantastic Four Adventures Fantastic Four Adventures is part of Marvel UK 's ` Collector 's Edition ' line . It is being published by Panini Comics but reprints Marvel Comics from the United States . It began in 2005 around the release of the Fantastic Four film and follows the format established by the Collector 's Edition Range . Fantastic Four Adventures is sold once every 28 days through newsagents , although a subscription offer is available . Fantastic Four Adventures retailed at # 2.40 upon its release , but rising in printing costs have seen the price rise to # 2.50 and then onto the current price of # 2.95 . It was announced at the end of 2011 that Fantastic Four Adventures would cease publication with its final issue in March 2012 , only to be replaced by a new CE , Incredible Hulks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "788f00e7c18db1dd23ed82c4f7ad92bb", "text": "W'Kabi W'Kabi is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . W'Kabi will appear in the upcoming film Black Panther , portrayed by Daniel Kaluuya .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac5df3601503ece0c862e88dddd60812", "text": "Milestone Media Milestone Media is a company best known for creating Milestone Comics , which were published and distributed by DC Comics , and the Static Shock cartoon series . It was founded in 1993 by a coalition of African-American artists and writers , consisting of Dwayne McDuffie , Denys Cowan , Michael Davis , and Derek T. Dingle . The founders believed that minorities were severely underrepresented in American comics , and wished Milestone Media to address this .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d7b7bd08a8e84f087bfec3e69a5c1f9", "text": "Image Comics Image Comics is an American comic book publisher . It was founded in 1992 by several high-profile illustrators as a venue where comics creators could publish their material without giving up the copyrights to the characters they created , as creator-owned properties . It was immediately successful , and remains one of the largest comic book publishers in North America . Its output was originally dominated by superhero and fantasy series from the studios of the Image partners , but now includes comics in many genres by numerous independent creators . Its best-known series include Spawn , Savage Dragon , Witchblade , The Darkness , Invincible , The Walking Dead , Saga , and Chew .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "2d8dfd9b4128db0f8eeed1314750dcf5", "text": "Houston Houston ( -LSB- ˈhjuːstən -RSB- ) is the most populous city in the state of Texas and the fourth-most populous city in the United States . With a census-estimated 2014 population of 2.239 million within an area of 667 sqmi , it is also the largest city in the southern United States and the seat of Harris County . Located in Southeast Texas near the Gulf of Mexico , it is the principal city of the Greater Houston metro area , which is the fifth-most populated MSA in the United States . Houston was founded on August 28 , 1836 , near the banks of Buffalo Bayou ( now known as Allen 's Landing ) and incorporated as a city on June 5 , 1837 . The city was named after former General Sam Houston , who was president of the Republic of Texas and had commanded and won at the Battle of San Jacinto 25 mi east of where the city was established . The burgeoning port and railroad industry , combined with oil discovery in 1901 , has induced continual surges in the city 's population . In the mid-20th century , Houston became the home of the Texas Medical Center -- the world 's largest concentration of healthcare and research institutions -- and NASA 's Johnson Space Center , where the Mission Control Center is located . Houston 's economy has a broad industrial base in energy , manufacturing , aeronautics , and transportation . Leading in health care sectors and building oilfield equipment , outside of New York City , Houston has more Fortune 500 headquarters than any other U.S. municipality within its city limits . The Port of Houston ranks first in the United States in international waterborne tonnage handled and second in total cargo tonnage handled . Nicknamed the `` Space City '' , Houston is a global city , with strengths in business , international trade , entertainment , culture , media , fashion , science , sports , technology , education , medicine , and research . The city has a population from various ethnic and religious backgrounds and a large and growing international community . Houston is the most diverse city in Texas and has been described as the most racially and ethnically diverse major metropolis in the U.S. . It is home to many cultural institutions and exhibits , which attract more than 7 million visitors a year to the Museum District . Houston has an active visual and performing arts scene in the Theater District and offers year-round resident companies in all major performing arts .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "44d5a0c709cd1f1a11732b2a4d3c40a1", "text": "Curtiss-Wright The Curtiss-Wright Corporation is an American-based , global diversified product manufacturer and service provider for the commercial , industrial , defense and energy markets . Created in 1929 from the consolidation of Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company , Wright Aeronautical ( founded by Glenn L. Martin and the Wright Brothers as Wright-Martin ) , and various supplier companies , by the end of World War II it was the largest aircraft manufacturer in the United States , supplying whole aircraft in large numbers to the U.S. Armed Forces . It has since evolved away from final assembly of finished aircraft , becoming a component manufacturer specializing in actuators , aircraft controls , valves , and surface treatment services . It also is a supplier to commercial nuclear power , nuclear navy systems , industrial vehicles and to the oil and gas industries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f46561196c56583d00983eac1a1524cf", "text": "Service economy Service economy can refer to one or both of two recent economic developments : The increased importance of the service sector in industrialized economies . The current list of Fortune 500 companies contains more service companies and fewer manufacturers than in previous decades . The relative importance of service in a product offering . The service economy in developing countries is mostly concentrated in financial services , hospitality , retail , health , human services , information technology and education . Products today have a higher service component than in previous decades . In the management literature this is referred to as the servitization of products or a product-service system . Virtually every product today has a service component to it . The old dichotomy between product and service has been replaced by a service-product continuum . Many products are being transformed into services . For example , IBM treats its business as a service business . Although it still manufactures computers , it sees the physical goods as a small part of the `` business solutions '' industry . They have found that the price elasticity of demand for `` business solutions '' is much less than for hardware . There has been a corresponding shift to a subscription pricing model . Rather than receiving a single payment for a piece of manufactured equipment , many manufacturers are now receiving a steady stream of revenue for ongoing contracts . Full cost accounting and most accounting reform and monetary reform measures are usually thought to be impossible to achieve without a good model of the service economy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7504578fd80ff3a343a4c5bc911289fa", "text": "Ball Aerospace & Technologies Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. ( commonly Ball Aerospace ) is an American manufacturer of spacecraft , components , and instruments for national defense , civil space and commercial space applications . The company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Ball Corporation ( NYSE : BLL ) , with primary offices in Boulder and facilities in Broomfield and Westminster in Colorado , with smaller offices in New Mexico , Ohio , Northern Virginia , Missouri , and Maryland . Ball Aerospace began building pointing controls for military rockets in 1956 , and later won a contract to build one of NASA 's first spacecraft , the Orbiting Solar Observatory . Over the years , the company has been responsible for numerous technological and scientific projects and continues to provide aerospace technology to NASA and related industries . Ball Aerospace also has many other products and services for the aerospace industry , including lubricants , optical systems , star trackers and antennas . As a wholly owned subsidiary of the Ball Corporation , Ball Aerospace was cited in 2014 as the 88th largest defense contractor in the world . Both parent and subsidiary headquarters are co-located in Broomfield , Colorado .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca0c75d2e54a9f419f0a72046d6f5b7a", "text": "Houston House Apartments Houston House Apartments is a 31-story apartment complex in the Skyline District of Downtown Houston , Texas , United States . The building , located in the southern portion of Downtown , has 396 apartments . Kirksey architecture firm designed the building , which opened in 1966 . Since 1983 Larry Hill of Sumar Realty Corp. and a group of investors have owned the building as part of a partnership . As of 2007 the building had a 90 % occupancy rate , and it was one of the few residential buildings in Downtown Houston that had been in operation for around 40 years . Several years prior to 2010 , the owners tried to sell the building to a Chicago company , NVG Residential . NVG planned to close on the property in January 2008 . After the planned acquisition NVG planned to install new windows , re-paint the exterior , improve the lobby and the 9th and 10th floor amenity areas . In the amenity areas the company planned to install a business and fitness center , and updated club house , a basketball court , a pool , and an outdoor dining area . The deal with the Chicago firm failed . By 2010 Hill and his business partners began a planned over $ 10 million renovation of the building . In 2007 a vehicle driving in the apartment complex 's garage punched through the wall of the garage and landed wheels up on another downtown building . The driver died in the crash .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50e5ffbd9986322ced413e3a4d1202b2", "text": "Marathon Oil Marathon Oil Corporation is an American petroleum and natural gas exploration and production company headquartered in the Marathon Oil Tower in Houston , Texas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d99bc8c88736cbd7c7f29abc2216df96", "text": "Saint-Hubert, Quebec Saint-Hubert ( -LSB- seɪntˈhjuːbərt -RSB- , -LSB- sɛ̃t ‿ ybɛʁ -RSB- , -LSB- sẽɪ̯̃t͡s ‿ ybaɛ̯ʁ -RSB- ) is a borough in the city of Longueuil , located in the Montérégie region of Quebec , Canada . It had been a separate city prior to January 1 , 2002 , when it along with several other neighbouring south shore municipalities were merged into Longueuil . According to the Quebec Statistics Institute , Saint-Hubert had 78,336 in 2006 . The area of the borough is 65.98 km ² . Longueuil 's city hall is now located in Saint-Hubert . Saint-Hubert is located about 14 kilometers ( almost 9 miles ) from downtown Montreal . The borough has a wide array of commercial , industrial and agricultural enterprises . The aerospace industry is arguably the most important of these enterprises . Pratt & Whitney Canada designs and manufactures jet engines at a plant near Saint-Hubert Airport . The Canadian Space Agency has its head office in the borough . The École nationale d'aérotechnique , a school that teaches aeronautics is located in the borough and operated by Collège Édouard-Montpetit .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45b265f14064c0e75c18a0eb3816bfa5", "text": "1950s American automobile culture 1950s American automobile culture has had an enduring influence on the culture of the United States , as reflected in popular music , major trends from the 1950s and mainstream acceptance of the `` hot rod '' culture . The American manufacturing economy switched from producing war-related items to consumer goods at the end of World War II , and by the end of the 1950s , one in six working Americans were employed either directly or indirectly in the automotive industry . The United States became the world 's largest manufacturer of automobiles , and Henry Ford 's goal of 30 years earlier -- that any man with a good job should be able to afford an automobile -- was achieved . A new generation of service businesses focusing on customers with their automobiles sprang up during the decade , including drive-through or drive-in restaurants and more drive-in theaters ( cinemas ) . The decade began with 25 million registered automobiles on the road , most of which predated World War II and were in poor condition ; no automobiles or parts were produced during the war owing to rationing and restrictions . By 1950 , most factories had made the transition to a consumer-based economy , and more than 8 million cars were produced that year alone . By 1958 , there were more than 67 million cars registered in the United States , more than twice the number at the start of the decade . As part of the U.S. national defenses , to support military transport , the National Highway System was expanded with Interstate highways , beginning in 1955 , across many parts of the United States . The wider , multi-lane highways allowed traffic to move at faster speeds , with few or no stoplights on the way . The wide-open spaces along the highways became a basis for numerous billboards showing advertisements . The dawning of the Space Age and Space Race were reflected in contemporary American automotive styling . Large tailfins , flowing designs reminiscent of rockets , and radio antennas that imitated Sputnik 1 were common , owing to the efforts of design pioneers such as Harley Earl .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6854bd1b8b511eda76009ba7911a4396", "text": "Boeing 707 The Boeing 707 is a mid-sized , long-range , narrow-body , four-engine jet airliner built by Boeing Commercial Airplanes from 1958 to 1979 . Its name is commonly pronounced as `` seven oh seven '' . Versions of the aircraft have a capacity from 140 to 219 passengers and a range of 2500 to . Developed as Boeing 's first jet airliner , the 707 is a swept-wing design with podded engines . Although it was not the first jetliner in service , the 707 was the first to be commercially successful . Dominating passenger air transport in the 1960s and remaining common through the 1970s , the 707 is generally credited with ushering in the Jet Age . It established Boeing as one of the largest manufacturers of passenger aircraft , and led to the later series of airliners with `` 7x7 '' designations . The later 720 , 727 , 737 , and 757 share elements of the 707 's fuselage design . The 707 was developed from the Boeing 367-80 , a prototype jet first flown in 1954 . A larger fuselage cross-section and other modifications resulted in the initial-production 707-120 , powered by Pratt & Whitney JT3C turbojet engines , which first flew on December 20 , 1957 . Pan American World Airways began regular 707 service on October 26 , 1958 . Later derivatives included the shortened long-range 707-138 and the stretched 707-320 , both of which entered service in 1959 . A smaller short-range variant , the 720 , was introduced in 1960 . The 707-420 , a version of the stretched 707 with Rolls-Royce Conway turbofans , debuted in 1960 , while Pratt & Whitney JT3D turbofans debuted on the 707-120B and 707-320B models in 1961 and 1962 , respectively . The 707 has been used on domestic , transcontinental , and transatlantic flights , and for cargo and military applications . A convertible passenger-freighter model , the 707-320C , entered service in 1963 , and passenger 707s have been modified to freighter configurations . Military derivatives include the E-3 Sentry airborne reconnaissance aircraft and the C-137 Stratoliner VIP transports . Boeing produced and delivered 1,011 airliners including the smaller 720 series ; over 800 military versions were also produced . Ten Boeing 707s were in commercial service in July 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f686eef6bafab9d42f374d4672f54f9a", "text": "Military aviation occupations Military aviation occupations are types of work either shared with commercial aviation or unique to military aviation , that provide skills for the operation of an air forces business . Often military aviation employees will have had higher education due to the complexity of the electrical and mechanical systems involved in aircraft design and maintenance , in ground operations , in control of airspace and in the air . Military aviation occupations can be subdivided as follows : Military aviation engineering design Airframe engineers Fuel systems engineers Instrumentation and electronics engineers Weapon systems engineers Military aviation operations control ( ground ) Runway design and maintenance Aviation safety and crash recovery occupations Air traffic control Hangar operations Air base operations Air operations command Military aviation maintenance operations Fleet operations Conversion maintenance Pre-flight maintenance Fuel operations occupations Combat operations service Weapons service Military aviation flight operations Flight crew occupations Weapons crew occupations Cargo crew occupations Passenger crew occupations Specialist crew occupations Military aviation flight command Air command occupations Air control occupations Air communications occupations Air search occupations Air target acquisition occupations Air search and rescue occupations", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f32b79524c4500671199526699c166f4", "text": "Cargo airline Cargo airlines ( or airfreight carriers , and derivatives of these names ) are airlines mainly dedicated to the transport of cargo by air . Some cargo airlines are divisions or subsidiaries of larger passenger airlines .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "168dbc051a1bd59a80fba54a84617a1d", "text": "Houston Fort Bend Airport Houston Fort Bend Airport is a privately owned , public use airport located in unincorporated Fort Bend County , Texas , United States . The airport is located east of Beasley and 33 nmi southwest of the central business district of Houston . It was formerly known as Happy Landings Airport .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8283b88e48ac913d1e7a7b227ff32a2a", "text": "Distribution center A distribution center for a set of products is a warehouse or other specialized building , often with refrigeration or air conditioning , which is stocked with products ( goods ) to be redistributed to retailers , to wholesalers , or directly to consumers . A distribution center is a principal part , the order processing element , of the entire order fulfillment process . Distribution centers are usually thought of as being demand driven . A distribution center can also be called a warehouse , a DC , a fulfillment center , a cross-dock facility , a bulk break center , and a package handling center . The name by which the distribution center is known is commonly based on the purpose of the operation . For example , a `` retail distribution center '' normally distributes goods to retail stores , an `` order fulfillment center '' commonly distributes goods directly to consumers , and a cross-dock facility stores little or no product but distributes goods to other destinations . Distribution centers are the foundation of a supply network , as they allow a single location to stock a vast number of products . Some organizations operate both retail distribution and direct-to-consumer out of a single facility , sharing space , equipment , labor resources , and inventory as applicable . A typical retail distribution network operates with centers set up throughout a commercial market , with each center serving a number of stores . Large distribution centers for companies such as Wal-Mart serve 50 -- 125 stores . Suppliers ship truckloads of products to the distribution center , which stores the product until needed by the retail location and ships the proper quantity . Since a large retailer might sell tens of thousands of products from thousands of vendors , it would be impossibly inefficient to ship each product directly from each vendor to each store . Many retailers own and run their own distribution networks , while smaller retailers may outsource this function to dedicated logistics firms that coordinate the distribution of products for a number of companies . A distribution center can be co-located at a logistics center .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "822fd3592fd32812123f69a0f0d4766f", "text": "Tesco Corporation Tesco Corporation ( Tesco ) is an oilfield services company specializing in the design , manufacture and service of technology-based solutions for the upstream energy industry . Its headquarters are located in the Spring Branch district of Houston , Texas , United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "898015b9bcdf84e931899b94f4f7b82b", "text": "DynCorp DynCorp ( -LSB- ˈdaɪn.kɔrp -RSB- ) , most recently DynCorp International , is an American Global service provider . Begun as an aviation company , the company also provides flight operations support , training and mentoring , international development , intelligence training and support , contingency operations , security , and operations and maintenance of land vehicles . DynCorp receives more than 96 % of its more than $ 3 billion in annual revenues from the U.S. federal government . The corporate headquarters are in an unincorporated part of Fairfax County near Falls Church , Virginia . However , the company 's contracts are managed from its office at Alliance Airport in Fort Worth , Texas . The company has provided services for the U.S. military in several theaters , including Bolivia , Bosnia , Somalia , Angola , Haiti , Colombia , Kosovo and Kuwait . DynCorp International also provided much of the security for Afghan interim president Hamid Karzai 's presidential guard and trains much of Afghanistan 's and Iraq 's fledgling police force . DynCorp was also hired to assist recovery in Louisiana and neighboring areas after Hurricane Katrina . DynCorp has held one contract on every round of competition since receiving the first Contract Field Teams contract in 1951 . DynCorp won the LOGCAP II contract and is one of three contract holders on the current LOGCAP IV contract .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21a63c81d6c09623b3be649847849e4c", "text": "Sugar Land Regional Airport Sugar Land Regional Airport is a city-owned public-use airport located in Sugar Land , Texas ( USA ) , 17 mi southwest of the central business district of Houston . It was formerly known as Sugar Land Municipal Airport and previously as Hull Field . The airport was purchased from a private interest in 1990 by the city of Sugar Land . As of 2009 it is the fourth-largest airport within the Houston -- Sugar Land -- Baytown metropolitan area and handles approximately 250 aircraft operations per day which includes corporate business jet and turboprop flights . The airport today serves the area 's general aviation ( GA ) aircraft serving corporate , governmental , and private clientele . A new 20000 sqft Terminal opened in 2006 with a 54 acre GA complex that includes 99 T-hangars nested in six buildings . The airport , the fourth largest airport in Greater Houston as of 2009 , receives yearly usage from over 100 Fortune 500 companies . TXP , Inc. released a report identifying the airport as `` foremost general reliever airport in the southwest sector '' and `` a catalyst for corporate commerce in the Greater Houston market including the Westchase District , Uptown , and Greenway Plaza . '' In terms of general aviation the airport serves as a reliever for William P. Hobby Airport in Houston . As of 2010 Sugar Land Regional is the third busiest airport in Greater Houston by amount of aircraft operations . The City of Houston maintains Cullinan Park , which occupies 750 acre of land directly north and west of the Sugar Land Regional Airport , blocking possibilities for expansion . In addition the airport is surrounded by Sugar Land homes , and there is a highway and rail road track directly south of the airport -- all factors that block airport expansion . The former Central Unit , a Texas Department of Criminal Justice prison for males , is in land zoned for airport expansion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6be962dd8f15d2a3c55a6386947832a1", "text": "Spaceflight Industries Spaceflight Industries , Inc. is a private aerospace company that specializes in the launch of secondary payloads ranging from 1 kg up to 300 kg micro satellites from a variety of space launch vehicles , such as Antares , Dnepr , Soyuz , and Falcon 9 , as well as from the ISS .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53f2ef71ccd70bb4dfdca1713b97de73", "text": "Dresser Industries Dresser Industries was a multinational corporation headquartered in Dallas , Texas , United States , which provided a wide range of technology , products , and services used for developing energy and natural resources . In 1998 , Dresser merged with its main rival Halliburton , Halliburton sold many of former Dresser non `` oil patch '' divisions , retaining the M W Kellogg Engineering and Construction Company and the Dresser oil-patch products and services that complemented Halliburton 's energy and natural resource businesses . In 2001 Halliburton sold five separate , but somewhat related former Dresser non `` oil patch '' divisions , to an investment banking firm . Those five operations later took the name `` Dresser Inc. '' In October 2010 , Dresser Inc. , was acquired by General Electric . It is headquartered in Addison , Texas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ea39b55997f02b375a38a445181cf5a", "text": "National Air Transportation Association Founded in 1940 , the National Air Transportation Association ( NATA ) is the public policy group that represents the interests of the general aviation business community before the Congress and federal , state and local government agencies . NATA represents nearly 2,300 aviation businesses . NATA 's member companies provide a broad range of services to general aviation , the airlines and the military . They also directly serve the traveling public by providing fuel , on-demand air charter , aircraft rental , storage , and flight training . Other services include aircraft maintenance , parts sales , and line support as well as business aircraft or fractional ownership fleet management . NATA member companies also provide airline baggage and cargo handling services . In addition to giving the association 's constituents a voice in Washington , D.C. , NATA membership offers a number of ancillary benefits including its annual Aviation Business & Legislative Conference , Congressional Reception and Air Charter Summit and its highly regarded Safety 1st Professional Line Service Training ( PLST ) program . Considered the industry standard in line service training program , the PLST program has instructed over 16,000 line service specialists in safe aircraft handling procedures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "971a42eec0da437dbd6d72c856c7889a", "text": "Airmanship Airmanship is skill and knowledge applied to aerial navigation , similar to seamanship in maritime navigation . Airmanship covers a broad range of desirable behaviors and abilities in an aviator . It is not simply a measure of skill or technique , but also a measure of a pilot 's awareness of the aircraft , the environment in which it operates , and of his own capabilities . Airmanship can be defined as : A sound acquaintance with the principles of flight , The ability to operate an airplane with competence and precision both on the ground and in the air , and The exercise of sound judgment that results in optimal operational safety and efficiency . The three fundamental principles of expert airmanship are skill , proficiency , and the discipline to apply them in a safe and efficient manner . Discipline is the foundation of airmanship . The complexity of the aviation environment demands a foundation of solid airmanship , and a healthy , positive approach to combating pilot error . The actions of Captain Alfred C. Haynes and the crew of United Airlines Flight 232 are often cited as an exemplar of good airmanship . They were able to maintain control of their crippled McDonnell Douglas DC-10 , bringing it to a survivable `` controlled crash '' in Sioux City , Iowa , after a complete loss of all flight controls following an engine failure in July 1989 . They did this by improvising a control scheme on the spot using differential thrust on the two working engines . Captain Haynes credited his Crew Resource Management training as one of the key factors that saved his own life , and many others . The U.S. National Transportation Safety Board occasionally cites poor airmanship as a contributing factor in its determination of probable cause in aviation accidents , although it is implicit in many of the pilot error causes it often uses . For example , in its report on the December 1 , 1993 fatal crash of Northwest Airlink Flight 5719 , the Board determined the `` failure of the company management to adequately address the previously identified deficiencies in airmanship '' was a contributing factor . More recently , in the February 2 , 2005 business jet accident at Teterboro Airport , NTSB investigator Steve Demko , speaking about the probable cause , said determining an aircraft 's weight and balance before takeoff is `` basic airmanship , '' a `` Flying 101 type of thing . '' And in the 2006 New York City plane crash that killed New York Yankees pitcher Cory Lidle , the NTSB cited `` inadequate judgement , planning and airmanship '' in its probable cause determination . A `` failure of airmanship '' was also cited by U.S. Military Authorities in the Tarnak Farm incident in Afghanistan , where the pilot of a U.S. F-16 Fighting Falcon mistakenly targeted a 250-kilogram laser-guided bomb on Canadian troops in April 2003 , killing four of them . Airmanship covers operation of the aircraft and all its systems , so in military usage , this includes the weapons systems of combat aircraft .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "03bb5599494141142bc0884b7b79e6c1", "text": "Economy of Alaska The 2007 gross state product was $ 44.9 billion , 45th in the nation . Its per capita personal income for 2007 was $ 40,042 , ranking 15th in the nation . The state 's economy has been described by University of Alaska Anchorage economist Scott Goldsmith as a `` three-legged stool '' - with one leg being the petroleum and gas industry , the second leg being the federal government and the third leg being all other industries and services . Between 2004 and 2006 , the federal government was responsible for 135,000 Alaska jobs , the petroleum sector provided 110,000 jobs and all other industries and services combined for 122,000 jobs . Alaska 's main export product after oil and natural gas is seafood , primarily salmon , cod , Pollock and crab . Agriculture represents only a fraction of the Alaskan economy . Agricultural production is primarily for consumption within the state and includes nursery stock , dairy products , vegetables , and livestock . Manufacturing is limited , with most foodstuffs and general goods imported from elsewhere . Employment is primarily in government and industries such as natural resource extraction , shipping , and transportation . Military bases are a significant component of the economy in both Fairbanks and Anchorage . Federal subsidies are also an important part of the economy , allowing the state to keep taxes low . Its industrial outputs are crude petroleum , natural gas , coal , gold , precious metals , zinc and other mining , seafood processing , timber and wood products . There is also a growing service and tourism sector . Tourists have contributed to the economy by supporting local lodging .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "5a0db8c1ef75a2e9dad1d11818acade6", "text": "Dungeons & Dragons Dungeons & Dragons ( abbreviated as D&D or DnD ) is a fantasy tabletop role-playing game ( RPG ) originally designed by Gary Gygax and Dave Arneson , and first published in 1974 by Tactical Studies Rules , Inc. ( TSR ) . The game has been published by Wizards of the Coast ( now a subsidiary of Hasbro ) since 1997 . It was derived from miniature wargames with a variation of the Chainmail game serving as the initial rule system . D&D publication is commonly recognized as the beginning of modern role-playing games and the role-playing game industry . D&D departs from traditional wargaming and assigns each player a specific character to play instead of a military formation . These characters embark upon imaginary adventures within a fantasy setting . A Dungeon Master serves as the game 's referee and storyteller , while maintaining the setting in which the adventures occur and playing the role of the inhabitants . The characters form a party that interacts with the setting 's inhabitants ( and each other ) . Together they solve dilemmas , engage in battles and gather treasure and knowledge . In the process the characters earn experience points to become increasingly powerful over a series of sessions . The early success of Dungeons & Dragons led to a proliferation of similar game systems . Despite this competition , D&D remains the market leader in the role-playing game industry . In 1977 , the game was split into two branches : the relatively rules-light game system of Dungeons & Dragons and the more structured , rules-heavy game system of Advanced Dungeons & Dragons ( abbreviated as AD&D or ADnD ) . AD&D 2nd Edition was published in 1989 . In 2000 , the original line of the game was discontinued and the AD&D version was renamed Dungeons & Dragons with the release of its 3rd edition with a new system . These rules formed the basis of the d20 System which is available under the Open Game License ( OGL ) for use by other publishers . Dungeons & Dragons version 3.5 was released in June 2003 , with a ( non-OGL ) 4th edition in June 2008 . A 5th edition was released during the second half of 2014 . , Dungeons & Dragons remained the best-known and best-selling role-playing game , with an estimated 20 million people having played the game and more than US$ 1 billion in book and equipment sales . The game has been supplemented by many pre-made adventures as well as commercial campaign settings suitable for use by regular gaming groups . Dungeons & Dragons is known beyond the game for other D&D - branded products , references in popular culture , and some of the controversies that have surrounded it , particularly a moral panic in the 1980s falsely linking it to Satanism and suicide . The game has won multiple awards and has been translated into many languages beyond the original English .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ce5bfc710a82bd39c6ae5dd656300de6", "text": "Magi in fantasy fiction and games A `` Mage '' is a character archetype commonly found in fantasy settings that entail the use of magic . Mage , rather than magus , is the spelling generally used to describe magic-wielding characters in role-playing games and fiction . In the English language , the term `` mage '' is used as a gender-neutral word for a character who can cast magic spells .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73d18457e758927d87cdab9ee46c4522", "text": "Vikings Campaign Sourcebook Vikings Campaign Sourcebook is an accessory for the Advanced Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45a7188b0fd4d96ff8416a1c82a661da", "text": "List of Dungeons & Dragons 4th edition monsters Dungeons & Dragons 4th edition ( see editions of Dungeons & Dragons ) was released in 2008 . The first book containing monsters to be published was the Heroic Tier adventure Keep on the Shadowfell , followed closely with the release of the first set of `` core '' rulebooks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2885f637a966470dfcf418442d0ba609", "text": "Aryvandaar Aryvandaar is a fictional kingdom in the Forgotten Realms setting for the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "035024c3c7057077b313063328fa333a", "text": "Garbug In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game , the garbug is a type of aberration .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30319ddafa3e943558afbf43e51438d9", "text": "Shadow mastiff In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game , the shadow mastiff is an outsider from the Plane of Shadow .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a87128e850a40665beacf84dd6ad3c1", "text": "Grimm (role-playing game) Grimm is a role-playing game , released by Fantasy Flight Games . The current version is a standalone game using the Linear D6 system . The Linear D6 version is a significant expansion of the original material , including a more fully developed setting , a monster manual and game mechanics , all of which were previously provided by the core D20 System rule books . Linear D6 is unusual in that it deliberately limits randomness having characters perform at their ability level 2/3 of the time . The mechanic represents teamwork by a dice pool which increases chances of scoring above character ability and reduces the chances of failure . The original version was part of Fantasy Flight Games Horizon open-ended miniature Dungeons & Dragons campaign settings , making of use the D20 System under the Open Game Licence . The setting can be used as a supplement to D&D that introduces a new setting based on a `` twisted '' version of the fairytales of the Brothers Grimm . The correlation between the realm of Grimm and the original fairytales is in many ways comparable to the correlation of White Wolf 's World of Darkness to the our world . The game provides new core classes which enable players to take on role of children lost in this strange and terrifying realm .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f6c24ae89f2bcb82390b9b67e1ad503", "text": "List of Final Fantasy media Final Fantasy is a series of role-playing video games developed and published by Square Enix ( formerly Square ) . Its first game premiered in Japan in 1987 , and Final Fantasy games have subsequently been localized for markets in North America , Europe and Australia , on nearly every video game console since its debut on the Nintendo Entertainment System . Final Fantasy is Square Enix 's most successful franchise , having sold over 97 million units worldwide to date . In addition to traditional role-playing games , the series includes tactical role-playing games , portable games , massively multiplayer online role-playing games , and games for mobile phones . Its popularity has placed it as the sixth-best-selling video game franchise , and the series has won multiple awards over the years . In addition to the 15 games released as part of the main ( numbered ) series and their many spin-offs and related titles , the Final Fantasy series has spawned many works in other media including anime , movies , novels and manga , and radio dramas . Final Fantasy : Unlimited , originally a stand-alone anime series , now has its own sub-franchise which includes video games . Many games , particularly the main series , have soundtrack album releases featuring their music in different arrangements . Square Enix has also consistently released companion books for its games which provide additional backstory and plot information , as well as detailed walkthroughs for the game . Since the announcement of Compilation of Final Fantasy VII , Square Enix has focused on `` polymorphic content '' , expanding each game world with material on many video game platforms , as well as other forms of media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb6334e19b43c51a0e1401965102de61", "text": "Clubnek In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game , the clubnek is a type of fictional monster .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aaa749047f7bc8272ef28c0df3d9ee1e", "text": "Celestial (Dungeons & Dragons) In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game , celestials are a class of creatures and monsters known as outsiders who are of wholly good alignment . In the context of the Dungeons & Dragons games they represent forces of armed justice , and include iconic `` good '' creatures from history and myth , such as angels , who seek out and destroy evil . All celestials hail from the Upper Planes . There are four published types of celestial : Aasimon ( or devas or angels ) , Archons , Eladrins , and Guardinals , each with varying `` good '' outlooks and motivations . The celestials are led by celestial paragons , unique creatures presented in Dungeons and Dragons lore as polar opposites of the demon princes and archdevils .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7cba51bb45d53d8778e4876fa9436e14", "text": "Triton (Dungeons & Dragons) Tritons are a fictional species in the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d1ba067ba8356479f16c450291d67a15", "text": "System Reference Document The System Reference Document ( SRD ) is a set of reference role playing game mechanics licensed under the Open Game License by Wizards of the Coast ( or WotC ) and based upon their Dungeons and Dragons role-playing game . The SRD forms the basis of WotC 's various d20 System role-playing games , including the d20 System itself , d20 Modern and d20 Future . The SRD is also the basis for role-playing games published by companies other than WotC ; these include Mutants & Masterminds , Arcana Evolved , Labyrinth Lord , and OSRIC , among others . Some other game systems ( such as FATE ) have also released their own mechanics under OGL-licensed `` System Reference Documents '' of their own ; however , this article discusses specifically the d20 SRD .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82881b1dd28f78f0601c97f3f6b030f3", "text": "Educational game Educational games are games explicitly designed with educational purposes , or which have incidental or secondary educational value . All types of games may be used in an educational environment . Educational games are games that are designed to help people to learn about certain subjects , expand concepts , reinforce development , understand a historical event or culture , or assist them in learning a skill as they play . Game types include board , card , and video games . An educational game is a game designed to teach humans about a specific subject and to teach them a skill . As educators , governments , and parents realize the psychological need and benefits of gaming have on learning , this educational tool has become mainstream . Games are interactive play that teach us goals , rules , adaptation , problem solving , interaction , all represented as a story . They satisfy our fundamental need to learn by providing enjoyment , passionate involvement , structure , motivation , ego gratification , adrenaline , creativity , social interaction and emotion in the game itself while the learning takes place .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7422024381cc4364efc82141689a2836", "text": "The Complete Book of Dwarves The Complete Book of Dwarves is a supplemental rulebook for the 2nd edition of the Advanced Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game , published in 1991 by TSR , Inc. . It contains a variety of information useful to playing dwarf characters in the game , including information on strongholds , dwarven subraces , character `` kits '' , role-playing , mining , and more . The book was later reprinted in November , 1993 , with a slightly different cover .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96cae95f5447fbdf2d4ce0a432c7c666", "text": "Phasm In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game , the phasm is an aberration .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b770c3e4fd9e6a8ee38a951c1ae5a04a", "text": "High Forest (Forgotten Realms) The High Forest is a fictional region in Northwest Faerûn , of the Forgotten Realms campaign setting for the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76a4a1b96c0606f6585b811d64da50c7", "text": "Blackmoor (campaign setting) Blackmoor is a fantasy role-playing game campaign setting generally associated with the game Dungeons & Dragons . It originated in the early 1970s as the personal setting of Dave Arneson , the co-creator of Dungeons & Dragons , first as a setting for Arneson 's miniature wargames , then as an early testing ground for what would become D&D .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd301b0a0a12e142d6dd19c8747d41a2", "text": "Dragonstomper Dragonstomper is a role-playing video game programmed by Stephen Landrum and published in 1982 by Starpath . It was developed for the Atari 2600 video game system . Making use of the Starpath Supercharger , an analog cassette-based peripheral , Dragonstomper was perhaps the truest RPG for the Atari 2600 , which also had Raiders of the Lost Ark , and Adventure . Dragonstomper follows the adventures of a dragon hunter who is given a quest by the king to defeat a dragon and reclaim a magical amulet that was stolen . The player makes his way over the countryside vanquishing various adversaries and gaining gold and experience . After gaining strength , the player enters a shop in an oppressed village where equipment can be purchased , soldiers hired , and special scrolls obtained to defeat the dragon in its lair . The final leg of the journey traverses into the dragon 's lair where he must avoid a series of traps strewn throughout the cave and defeat the dragon . In November 2005 , Ed Lin writing for Forbes named `` Dragonstomper '' as `` the best title ever made in the history of U.S. videogaming '' by a single person . Lin singled out the game 's ingenuity , noting that '' -LSB- t -RSB- here were multiple ways to solve problems . One could descend to the dragon 's lair on a rope or simply jump down ( and absorb some damage ) . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6274bfe04a43275740a0fa5feca33e6d", "text": "Chromatic dragon A Chromatic dragon is a classification of fictional dragon found in the role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons . In this setting , chromatic dragons are typically of evil alignment . They contrast to the metallic dragons , which are typically of good alignment . Tiamat is the queen of chromatic dragons . Chromatic dragons have played a large role in various D&D monster compilation books : white , black , green , blue and red dragons being the classic chromatic dragons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "350aa7482d36df24869142a87f8d0dd3", "text": "Races of the Dragon Races of the Dragon is an optional supplemental source book for the 3.5 edition of the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a294b84eec30f39b7d48021d2ee0669e", "text": "Chris Carter (screenwriter) Chris Carter ( born October 13 , 1956 ) is an American television and film producer , director and writer . Born in Bellflower , California , Carter graduated with a degree in journalism from California State University , Long Beach before spending thirteen years working for Surfing Magazine . After beginning his television career working on television films for Walt Disney Studios , Carter rose to fame in the early 1990s after creating the science fiction-supernatural television series The X-Files for the Fox network . The X-Files earned high viewership ratings , and led to Carter 's being able to negotiate the creation of future series . Carter went on to create three more series for the network -- Millennium , a doomsday-themed series which met with critical approval and low viewer numbers ; Harsh Realm , which was canceled after three episodes had aired ; and The Lone Gunmen , a spin-off of The X-Files which lasted for a single season . Carter 's film roles include writing both of The X-Files cinematic spin-offs -- 1998 's successful The X-Files and the poorly received 2008 follow-up The X-Files : I Want to Believe , the latter of which he also directed -- while his television credits have earned him several accolades including eight Primetime Emmy Award nominations . The Amazon Studios television series The After was his most recent series .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "8881afffee9ce63fc03e8d629ea60f46", "text": "Chris Coppola Christopher `` Chris '' Coppola is an American actor , voice artist , and comedian . He is best known for such movies as Friday the 13th , Far Cry , Postal , Loveless in Los Angeles , The Polar Express , and Beowulf . He also voiced Dancer in Santa Buddies and appeared in the episode `` Tailgate '' on the sitcom How I Met Your Mother .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f142501e8e4a360d5cc2cdcb4e9e987", "text": "List of Sofia the First episodes Sofia the First is an American computer-animated television series that incorporates characters from the Disney Princess franchise . The series stars Ariel Winter as Sofia , a young girl who becomes a princess when her mother , Miranda , marries King Roland II of the kingdom of Enchancia . On April 14 , 2015 , the series was renewed for a fourth season by Disney Junior .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7178d2a6fee9c52972ad3fbd5c966aa", "text": "Marvel Productions Marvel Productions Ltd. , later known as New World Animation Ltd. , was the television and film studio subsidiary of the Marvel Entertainment Group , based in Hollywood , Los Angeles , California . It later became a subsidiary of New World Entertainment and eventually of News Corporation ( Fox Entertainment Group ) . Marvel Productions produced animated television series , motion pictures , and television specials such as Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends , The Incredible Hulk , My Little Pony : The Movie , The Transformers : The Movie , and G.I. Joe : The Movie as well as the Transformers and G.I. Joe : A Real American Hero television series . Most of Marvel Productions ' back catalog ( mostly non-Hasbro related productions ) is currently owned by The Walt Disney Company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "97c16014127db449f732a2e5f7a0abe1", "text": "Capital Disney Capital Disney was a British digital radio station aimed at 8 to 16 year olds which used to broadcast across the UK on DAB Digital Radio ( in selected areas ) owned by GCap Media PLC and the Walt Disney Company . It was also broadcast on Sky Digital , Tiscali TV , Virgin Media , and streaming online . The station announced on 14 May 2007 that it would close down on 29 June 2007 . Capital Disney was one of the first radio stations in the country to use the newly developed Digital radio ( DAB ) format to provide a radio station specifically aimed at children and teenagers . The station broadcast twenty four hours a day with a series of presenter and music led programming .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eabc08bcbe4c688ced4d151dcda5f529", "text": "Disney's CyberStar Disney 's CyberStar was a children 's television programme that aired on The Disney Channel in the UK in 1996 . It showed cartoons such as Disney 's Gargoyles . It had numerous human hosts , as well as two alien characters called Creech and Finder . The show was not successful and only ran for a short time . Mark Heap ( later of Spaced and Green Wing ) starred as ` Billy ' one of the human hosts . It also featured Mancunian stand-up comedian Lewis `` Big Lou '' Jones as the hotel manager . Category : Disney Channel shows Category :1996 British television programme debuts Category :1996 British television programme endings Category :1990 s British television series", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9c8fcb24f1f2746d86b6294761bf670", "text": "A&E Networks A&E Networks ( branded as A+E Networks ) is an American media company that owns a group of television channels available via cable & satellite in the U.S. and abroad . A&E stands for Arts & Entertainment . The company is a joint venture with Hearst and Disney-ABC Television Group , a unit of the Disney Media Networks subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "290759ae97a636557d9eab7656bd06f4", "text": "D-TV D-TV is a series of music videos created by Walt Disney Productions in 1984 . Disney combined hit songs from the past with footage of vintage Disney animation , created in the style of MTV music videos , which inspired the name of this series . The videos were shown as filler material on the Disney Channel ( as the network did not air commercials at this time ) , as well as being the focus of television specials . Home video collections were also released on the VHS , Beta , CED Videodisc , and Laserdisc formats . After the first run of D-TV , in 1989 a second series was produced known as DTV ² . The show 's main title theme song is `` RPM '' from Larry Owens for the Network Music Library . D-TV ceased airing in 1999 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "063d7ec0f20ad751c06b1585c6b0a98f", "text": "Disney's Adventures of the Gummi Bears Disney 's Adventures of the Gummi Bears is a Disney animated television series that first aired in the United States from 1985 to 1991 . The series was the first animated production by Walt Disney Animation Television , and loosely inspired by the gummy bear candies ; Disney CEO Michael Eisner was struck with inspiration for the show when his son requested the candies one day . The series premiered on NBC on September 14 , 1985 , and aired there for four seasons . The series moved to ABC for one season from 1989 to 1990 ( airing alongside The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh as the Gummi Bears-Winnie the Pooh Hour ) , and concluded on September 6 , 1991 as part of the Disney Afternoon television syndication package . Of the series ' 65 shows , 30 were double-features , consisting of two 11-minute cartoons , thereby bringing the series total to 94 distinct episodes overall . The show is well-remembered for its theme music , written by Michael and Patty Silversher and creation of `` gummiberry juice '' which was a type of magic potion , granting abilities , which allowed them to bounce away from their hunters . The theme was memorably performed by Joseph Williams , son of composer John Williams and one-time lead singer of Toto . The series was later rebroadcast on the syndicated Disney Afternoon block , and rerun on the Disney Afternoon through the summer of 1991 . In later years , it was shown on The Disney Channel ( from October 7 , 1991 to at least January 1997 ) , and later on Toon Disney , with its most recent televised airing occurring on December 28 , 2001 . Seasons 1 to 3 of the series were released on DVD on November 14 , 2006 featuring commentary from producers Eric Wong and Daniel Weinstein .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aee9341368b26586847db6b063905085", "text": "Chris Carlin Chris `` The Continent '' Carlin ( born September 16 , 1972 in Morristown , New Jersey ) is an American television and radio personality . Carlin is the co-host of Carlin & Reese on local Philadelphia sports radio station 94.1 WIP . Carlin joined the station in November 2016 , after 8 1/2 years on SNY , the TV home of the New York Mets . While at SNY , Carlin co-hosted Loud Mouths , a PTI-esque sports debate program from its inception on March 24 , 2008 until his departure . Also , he and on-air partner Bob Ojeda co-hosted pre - and post-game telecasts for New York Mets games on SNY for 5 seasons , from 2009-2013 . He also hosted SportsNite , SNY 's nightly New York sports recap program . Carlin is also the play-by-play voice for Rutgers football games , and from 2008-2016 he also called Rutgers Men 's Basketball games . He began at Rutgers as the sideline reporter for football in 2001 , and took over the play-by-play duties at Rutgers in 2004 when Tom McCarthy , the TV voice of the Philadelphia Phillies departed Rutgers . Carlin spent the first 13 years of his professional career at WFAN in New York . Beginning as an intern in 1995 , he worked his way up to producer for the legendary `` Mike & The Mad Dog Show , '' co-hosted by Mike Francesa & Christopher ` Mad Dog ' Russo . Carlin produced the show for 6 1/2 years , during which time his on air role grew with the station . He briefly hosted overnights , and served as sports anchor on the ` Imus in the Morning ' program ( 2005-2007 ) & `` Boomer & Carton '' program ( 2007-2008 . ) In addition , he hosted `` The Morning Warmup , '' a one-hour preshow for Boomer & Carton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f277de82a67c9867ca84cf27db82fe93", "text": "You and Me Kid You and Me , Kid is an American children 's television series which premiered on The Disney Channel on April 18 , 1983 . The series was hosted by Sonny Melendrez who was joined by the You and Me Players ( Toni Attell , Caleb Chung , Mitchell Young Evans , Gary Schwartz and Ricci Mann ) . Each show lasted approximately 30 minutes and was dedicated to building interactive skills between parents and their toddler children . The shows contained five segments : Let 's Go ! ( exercise skills ) You and Me Theater ( creative drama ) Famous and 1/2 ( celebrities and their children ) Ssh ! ( listening and observation skills ) Mime Your Own Business ( pantomime ) Its theme song Just You and Me , Kid was sung by Robin Frederick . The show ran for 130 episodes and reruns continued to air on the channel until September 29 , 1991 . Four VHS tapes were released by Walt Disney Home Video in the mid-1980s for the then new video home rental market . Each tape contained four episodes and have since become hard to find . In 1988 , a store with same name opened up at Disney Village Marketplace which sold children 's apparel , games and toys .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a198a1919f290c086c4119b7b9f11823", "text": "Chris Myers Christopher Patrick `` Chris '' Myers ( born March 28 , 1959 ) is an American sportscaster . A native of Miami , FL with more than 20 years in broadcasting , he has covered premiere events , including the Super Bowl , World Series , NBA Finals , NCAA Final Four , The Masters and U.S. Open ( golf ) , Triple Crown , the Olympics , and the Daytona 500 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7715c6d2158d1664e14b3fe0bf7fe7b7", "text": "The Simpsons The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company . The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life epitomized by the Simpson family , which consists of Homer , Marge , Bart , Lisa , and Maggie . The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture , society , television , and the human condition . The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks . Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family , substituting Bart for his own name . The shorts became a part of The Tracey Ullman Show on April 19 , 1987 . After a three-season run , the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became an early hit for Fox , becoming the network 's first series to land in the Top 30 ratings in a season ( 1989 -- 90 ) . Since its debut on December 17 , 1989 , episodes of The Simpsons have been broadcast . Its 28th season began on September 25 , 2016 . It is the longest-running American sitcom and the longest-running American animated program , and , in 2009 , it surpassed Gunsmoke as the longest-running American scripted primetime television series . The Simpsons Movie , a feature-length film , was released in theaters worldwide on July 27 , 2007 , and grossed over $ 527 million . On November 4 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a twenty-ninth and thirtieth season of 22 episodes each , extending the show to 2019 . The Simpsons received widespread critical acclaim throughout its first nine seasons , which are generally considered its `` Golden Age '' . Time named it the 20th century 's best television series , and Erik Adams of The A.V. Club named it `` television 's crowning achievement regardless of format '' . On January 14 , 2000 , the Simpson family was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . It has won dozens of awards since it debuted as a series , including 31 Primetime Emmy Awards , 30 Annie Awards , and a Peabody Award . Homer 's exclamatory catchphrase `` D'oh ! '' has been adopted into the English language , while The Simpsons has influenced many adult-oriented animated sitcoms . Despite this , the show has also been criticized for what many perceive as a decline in quality over the years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "056e2dcd310c0b0b0e26c82cd94e32c5", "text": "Chris Chris is a short form of various names including Christopher , Christian , Christina , Christine , and Christos . Unlike these names , however , it does not indicate the person 's gender although it is much more common for males to have this name than it is for females due to the increased popularity of Chrissy and Christy among younger females . Chris is also used as a name in its own right , although it is not as common . It is the preferred form of the full name of such notable individuals as Chris Tucker and Chris Penn. . To find an article about one of these people , see List of all pages beginning with `` Chris '' . The word is also part of phrases , including Tropical Storm Chris , Ruth 's Chris Steak House , and many more which refer to notable people , places , and things . For a list of these , see .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa41503e851031a65253930a17ade8de", "text": "K. C. Collins For the actor with a similar name , see Christopher Collins . K.C. Collins , also known as Chris Collins , is a Canadian film , voice and television actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad5d40f9c22c379a2ca99608aae68045", "text": "Chris Thompson (TV producer) Chris Thompson ( 1952 -- June 26 , 2015 ) was an American television writer , producer and director . Since 1977 , he wrote and produced for the television series Laverne & Shirley and The Larry Sanders Show . He had also created , written and produced Bosom Buddies , The Naked Truth , Action , Ladies Man and the Disney Channel original series , Shake It Up ! , as well co-written the feature films Jumpin ' Jack Flash and Back to the Beach .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1e4a64da787d9c7f851963bef2411d2", "text": "Disney–ABC Domestic Television Disney -- ABC Domestic Television , also operating as ABC Syndication ( formerly known as Buena Vista Television and also known as Disney Domestic Television and Disney-ABC Home Entertainment and Television Distribution ) , is the in-home sales and content distribution firm of the Disney -- ABC Television Group , a division of The Walt Disney Company . Content distribution responsibilities include domestic television syndication , domestic pay TV , Internet and cable video-on-demand ( VOD ) , and pay-per-view outlets .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b622f3dc01fda937c880cf3fb8f93a6", "text": "Frozen (franchise) Frozen is a Disney media franchise started by the 2013 American animated feature Frozen , which was directed by Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee from a screenplay by Lee and produced by Peter Del Vecho , with songs by Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez . Walt Disney Animation Studios ' chief creative officer John Lasseter served as the film 's executive producer . The original film was inspired by the Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale `` The Snow Queen '' . Since the film 's release in November 2013 , the franchise has expanded very rapidly . To date , the franchise includes various Disney theme park attractions , merchandise , video games , books , a Disney on Ice show , and a short animated film . Disney has also announced that it is working on a Broadway stage musical adaptation , an animated film sequel , and a new book series . In November 2014 , TheStreet.com explained that `` Frozen is no longer a movie , it 's a global brand , a larger than life franchise built around products , theme parks and sequels that could last into the next century '' . Boxoffice '' chief analyst Phil Contrino was quoted as saying `` it 's become massive '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48505a4e30aed3797b5ff44c81bdc4ed", "text": "Chris Carter (actor) Chris Carter is a Canadian actor and screenwriter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04c50b42eaa8c853e280e3691a098bcf", "text": "Robert Carter (ballet dancer) Robert Carter is an American primo donnaAlso known as a ballerina assoluta , see Finis Jhung , `` Interview with Robert Carter '' , q.v. ballet dancer for Les Ballets Trockadero de Monte Carlo , or `` Trocks '' . As a lead dancer and its most senior member , Carter is the public face of the all-male dance troupe , granting many interviews and garnering significant international reviews . A full time dancer , he is `` paid enough '' as a lead dancer , despite being non-union , to avoid having a `` side job . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7873318adf22f34046fa50e46b51a7b", "text": "Phineas and Ferb: Mission Marvel Phineas and Ferb : Mission Marvel is a cross-over episode of the animated series Phineas and Ferb , that featured characters from Marvel Entertainment , specifically in their incarnations from the Marvel Universe shows on Disney XD . It aired on August 16 , 2013 , on Disney Channel and on August 25 , 2013 , on Disney XD . The special was released on DVD on October 1 , 2013 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d4a7b7dc6507c639331728d04136e0cb", "text": "Game of Thrones Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss . It is an adaptation of A Song of Ice and Fire , George R. R. Martin 's series of fantasy novels , the first of which is A Game of Thrones . It is filmed at Titanic Studios in Belfast , on location in the United Kingdom , and in Canada , Croatia , Iceland , Malta , Morocco , Spain , and the United States . The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17 , 2011 , and its sixth season ended on June 26 , 2016 . The series was renewed for a seventh season , which is scheduled to premiere on July 16 , 2017 , and will conclude with its eighth season in 2018 . Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos , Game of Thrones has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast . The first story arc follows a dynastic conflict among competing claimants for succession to the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms , with other noble families fighting for independence from the throne . The second covers attempts to reclaim the throne by the exiled last scion of the realm 's deposed ruling dynasty ; the third chronicles the threat of the impending winter and the legendary creatures and fierce peoples of the North . Game of Thrones has attracted record viewership on HBO and has a broad , active , international fan base . It has been acclaimed by critics , particularly for its acting , complex characters , story , scope , and production values , although its frequent use of nudity and violence ( including sexual violence ) has attracted criticism . The series has received 38 Primetime Emmy Awards , including Outstanding Drama Series in 2015 and 2016 , more than any other primetime scripted television series . Its other awards and nominations include three Hugo Awards for Best Dramatic Presentation ( 2012 -- 2014 ) , a 2011 Peabody Award , and four nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Drama ( 2012 and 2015 -- 2017 ) . Of the ensemble cast , Peter Dinklage has won two Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series ( 2011 and 2015 ) and the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor -- Series , Miniseries or Television Film ( 2012 ) for his performance as Tyrion Lannister . Lena Headey , Emilia Clarke , Kit Harington , Maisie Williams , Diana Rigg , and Max von Sydow have also received Primetime Emmy Award nominations for their performances in the series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88ffd9ff0fe412761331451d78f58240", "text": "Game of Thrones (season 6) The sixth season of the fantasy drama television series Game of Thrones premiered on HBO on April 24 , 2016 , and concluded on June 26 , 2016 . It consists of ten episodes , each of approximately 50 -- 60 minutes , largely of original content not found in George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire series . Some material is adapted from the upcoming sixth novel The Winds of Winter and the fourth and fifth novels , A Feast for Crows and A Dance with Dragons . The series was adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss . HBO ordered the season on April 8 , 2014 , together with the fifth season , which began filming in July 2015 primarily in Northern Ireland , Spain , Croatia , Iceland and Canada . Each episode cost over $ 10 million . The season follows the continuing struggle between the Starks and other noble families of Westeros for the Iron Throne . The Starks defeat the Bolton forces in battle , and Jon Snow is proclaimed the King in the North . Tyrion attempts to rule Meereen while Daenerys is held captive by a Dothraki tribe . At King 's Landing , the Tyrell army attempts to liberate Margaery and Loras , but Margaery capitulates to the High Sparrow , who becomes more powerful by influencing King Tommen . At her trial , Cersei burns the Great Sept , killing her rivals , while Tommen kills himself . Unopposed , Cersei is crowned Queen of Westeros . Ellaria Sand and three of Oberyn Martell 's daughters kill Doran and Trystane Martell and seize control of Dorne , and Olenna discusses an alliance with Ellaria . In Essos , Daenerys Targaryen is captured by Khal Moro who takes her before the khals ; she burns them alive and takes command of the Dothraki . Game of Thrones features a large ensemble cast , including Peter Dinklage , Nikolaj Coster-Waldau , Lena Headey , Emilia Clarke and Kit Harington . The season introduced new cast members , including Max von Sydow , Pilou Asbæk and James Faulkner . Critics praised its production values , writing , plot development , and cast . Game of Thrones received most nominations for the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards , with 23 nominations , and won twelve , including that for Outstanding Drama Series for the second year in a row . U.S. viewership rose compared to the previous season , and by approximately 13 % over its course , from 7.9 million to 8.9 million by the finale .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "e702919fa1c48d2a3b2c59ec64037bde", "text": "Game of Thrones (2014 video game) Game of Thrones is an episodic graphic adventure fantasy drama video game based on Game of Thrones , the TV adaptation of George R. R. Martin A Song of Ice and Fire fantasy series , released in December 2014 for Android , iOS , Microsoft Windows , OS X , PlayStation 3 , PlayStation 4 , Xbox 360 , and Xbox One . The game was developed by Telltale Games and follows the episodic format found in other Telltale titles , such as The Walking Dead , The Wolf Among Us , and Tales from the Borderlands , where player choices and actions influence later events across the 6-episode arc . The story revolves around the northern House Forrester , rulers of Ironrath , whose members , including the five playable characters , attempt to save their family and themselves after ending up on the losing side of the War of the Five Kings . The game includes settings , characters and voice actors from the novels and TV series . The game was generally well received , and Telltale is currently working on a second season of the game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1dd94791ef7f94eed19cbc144551ebc", "text": "Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series The Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series is an award presented annually by the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences ( NATAS ) and Academy of Television Arts & Sciences ( ATAS ) . It is given to honor an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role while working within the daytime drama industry . The 1st Daytime Emmy Awards ceremony was held in 1974 with Elizabeth Hubbard receiving the award for her role as Althea Davis on The Doctors . The award has undergone several name changes , originally honoring actresses in leading and supporting roles . Following the introduction of a new category in 1979 , Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series , the award 's name was altered to Outstanding Actress in a Daytime Drama Series before changing once again , to its current title , years later . The awards ceremony was not aired on television in 1983 and 1984 , having been criticized for voting integrity . In 1985 , another category was introduced , Outstanding Younger Actress in a Drama Series , one criterion for this category was altered , requiring all actresses to be aged 26 or above . Since its inception , the award has been given to 27 actresses . One Life to Live is the show with the most awarded actresses , with a total of eleven . In 1995 , Erika Slezak became the actress with the most wins in the category when she won a fourth time , surpassing Helen Gallagher 's previous record of three ; Slezak went on to win in two additional years , ultimately receiving six wins . Susan Flannery and Kim Zimmer have since received four wins each . Susan Lucci has been nominated on 21 occasions , more than any other actress . As of the 2017 ceremony , Gina Tognoni is the most recent winner in this category for her portrayal of Phyllis Summers on The Young and the Restless .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7303ee90df3a3a2c3c03375917b2b303", "text": "TCA Award for Individual Achievement in Drama The TCA Award for Individual Achievement in Drama is an award given by the Television Critics Association .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de618f64d3c06a7157a7ddc9cf31e1b0", "text": "9th Primetime Emmy Awards The 9th Emmy Awards , later referred to as the 9th Primetime Emmy Awards , were held on March 16 , 1957 to honor the best in television of the year . The ceremony was held at the NBC Studios in Burbank , California . Desi Arnaz hosted the event . All nominations are listed , with winners in bold and series ' networks are in parentheses . Categories were sorted based on running time , instead of by genre . The top shows of the night were Caesar 's Hour and Playhouse 90 . Each show won a then-record five major awards , ( however , two of Playhouse 90 's wins came in now defunct categories ) . Caesar 's Hour became the first show to be nominated in all four major acting categories . Caesar 's Hour also made history when it swept the four acting categories . After over fifty years , it remains the only comedy or drama series to win every major acting award . In 2004 , the miniseries Angels in America became the second show , and first miniseries/television movie , to sweep the acting field .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b7ab3dbc6ecb22c0775f1428d523c8e0", "text": "Sansa Stark Sansa Stark is a fictional character created by American author George R. R. Martin . She is a prominent character in Martin 's award-winning A Song of Ice and Fire series . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Sansa is the eldest daughter and second child of Lord Eddard Stark and his wife Lady Catelyn Stark . She subsequently appeared in the following three novels , A Clash of Kings ( 1998 ) , A Storm of Swords ( 2000 ) and A Feast for Crows ( 2005 ) . While absent from the fifth novel A Dance with Dragons as the books are separated geographically , Sansa is confirmed to return in the forthcoming next book in the series , The Winds of Winter . In HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones , Sansa Stark is played by Sophie Turner . The character has received critical acclaim , being praised as the 4th greatest character in the series by Rolling Stone . She and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2012 , 2014 , 2015 and 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64d78af8798b23a8edd83e91db8d51d9", "text": "Girls (TV series) Girls is an American television series that premiered on HBO on April 15 , 2012 . Created by and starring Lena Dunham and executive produced by Judd Apatow , Girls is a comedy-drama following the lives of four young women living in New York City . The show 's premise and major aspects of the main character were drawn from Dunham 's own life . The series has received a positive response from critics and consistent accolades , including the 2013 Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Musical or Comedy . Girls sixth and final season concluded on April 16 , 2017 , with a total of 62 episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4e33e0783b7bc602829680867a7521a", "text": "Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award The Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Awards is an annual awards program presented by the Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle ( LADCC ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d11152d122e2bfab5756249659d19f87", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Picture Editing for a Nonfiction Program The Primetime Emmy Award for Picture Editing for a Nonfiction Program is awarded to one television documentary or nonfiction series each year . Prior to 2006 , nonfiction and reality programs competed together until the Outstanding Picture Editing for Reality Programming category was created . In the following list , the first titles listed in gold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "187c4140abf5905d0515b92e5d37b6b2", "text": "Camelot (TV series) Camelot is a 2011 historical-fantasy-drama television series which premiered on 1 April 2011 . It was co-produced by the Starz cable network and GK-TV which began production during the summer of 2010 . The series , based on the Arthurian legend , was produced by Graham King , Morgan O'Sullivan and Michael Hirst . A special preview showing of the pilot episode `` Homecoming '' was aired on Starz Friday night , 25 February 2011 . On 30 June 2011 Starz announced it was not going to order new seasons of Camelot , citing significant production challenges , predominantly scheduling conflicts with some members of the cast , including Joseph Fiennes , Jamie Campbell Bower and Eva Green .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ea97addb49c4b3716e26b125f769da2", "text": "ER (TV series) ER is an American medical drama television series created by novelist and medical doctor Michael Crichton that aired on NBC from September 19 , 1994 , to April 2 , 2009 , with a total of 331 episodes spanning over 15 seasons . It was produced by Constant c Productions and Amblin Television , in association with Warner Bros. . Television . ER follows the inner life of the emergency room ( ER ) of fictional County General Hospital in Chicago , Illinois , and various critical issues faced by the room 's physicians and staff . The show became the longest-running primetime medical drama in American television history . It won 23 Primetime Emmy Awards , including the 1996 Outstanding Drama Series award , and received 124 Emmy nominations , which makes it the most nominated drama program in history . ER won 116 awards in total , including the Peabody Award , while the cast earned four Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Ensemble Performance in a Drama Series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea51e3306ba90255fefecbe2d95992e6", "text": "Procedural drama A procedural drama is a genre of television programming which focuses on how crimes are solved or some other aspect of a law enforcement agency , legislative body , or court of law . Some dramas include a lab or conference room with high-tech or state-of-the-art equipment where the main characters meet to work out the problem . Shows usually have an episodic format that does not require the viewer to have seen previous episodes . Episodes typically have a self-contained , also referred to as stand-alone , plot that is introduced and resolved within the same episode . The procedural format is popular around the world . In 2011 , the director of a TV consultancy said , `` The continuing trend is for procedurals because they use a predictable structure . '' Due to their stand-alone episodic nature , they are more accessible to new viewers than serials . Self-contained episodes also make it easier for viewers to return to a show if they have missed some episodes . In general , procedural dramas can usually be re-run with little concern for episode order . Procedurals are often criticized for being formulaic . Procedurals are also generally less character-driven than serialized shows . However , some procedurals have more character emphasis than is typical of the format . Some may occasionally feature a storyline stretching over several episodes . A popular variant is the police procedural .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ecffbfe85ce40cf62628faa311068126", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Short Form Variety Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Short Form Variety Series . The category was initiated in 2016 alongside Outstanding Short Form Comedy or Drama Series and Outstanding Short Form Nonfiction or Reality Series . The awards replaced the now-retired category for Outstanding Short-Format Live-Action Entertainment Program . These awards are not presented at the Primetime Emmy Awards show , but at the Creative Arts Emmy Award show .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ad6e47c797dabda2112edea2d965e1b", "text": "British Academy Television Award for Best International Programme The British Academy Television Award for Best International Programme , or BAFTA TV Award for Best International , is an award presented by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts to outstanding achievements in foreign TV series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "23585aef9ebc6c14724579bca7249e4b", "text": "The Climb (Game of Thrones) `` The Climb '' is the sixth episode of the third season of HBO 's fantasy television series Game of Thrones , and the 26th episode of the series . Directed by Alik Sakharov and written by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss , it aired on May 5 , 2013 . The episode 's title comes from climbing of the wall by Jon Snow and Ygritte , and also the references from dialogue between Lord Petyr Baelish and Lord Varys .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c9804c942a19a368f3c378e477ab410", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Casting for a Drama Series This is a list of the winners and nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Casting for a Drama Series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45efb154171876ab6c8b680a01230f5f", "text": "NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Comedy Series This page lists the winners and nominees for the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Comedy Series . This category was first awarded during the 1988 ceremony and since its inception , Tyler Perry 's House of Payne holds the records for most wins with five .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1857b19c0dc80f22ef8230b35ea57afc", "text": "Mhysa `` Mhysa '' is the third season finale of the American medieval epic fantasy television series Game of Thrones , and its 30th episode overall . Written by executive producers David Benioff and D. B. Weiss , and directed by David Nutter , it originally aired on on HBO in the United States . The episode revolves on the aftermath of the events instigated by `` The Red Wedding '' : House Frey receives the Seat of Riverrun , Roose Bolton is appointed the new `` Warden of the North '' , while House Greyjoy begins a new military campaign . In the North , Maester Aemon sends out ravens to alert the whole of Westeros about the arrival of the White Walkers . And across the narrow sea , the freed slaves of Yunkai hail Daenerys as their `` mhysa '' , the Ghiscari language 's word for `` mother '' . According to Nielsen Media Research , `` Mhysa '' was seen by 5.4 million household viewers in the United States , a twenty-eight percent increase compared to the second season finale , `` Valar Morghulis '' . After its broadcast , the episode received generally positive reviews from television critics , with some of them addressing its anti-climactic closure of the series ' third season , and its establishment of potential storylines for the fourth season , such as through the final scene 's `` glimmer of hope '' . The episode received a nomination for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Cinematography for a Single-Camera Series at the 65th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8682025f2293a3b5dcba8f6d3f1f3085", "text": "Drama (UK TV series) Drama is a one-hour UK television anthology series produced by Open City Productions . It consists of seven episodes of abridged productions of classic plays that were aired on the British Broadcasting Company in 1977 . Episode titles are Oedipus Tyrannus , MacBeth , Medieval Mystery Plays , The Venetian Twins , The Way of the World , The Wild Duck , and Six Characters in Search of an Author . Actors included Patrick Stewart , Leo McKern , and Nigel Stock .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a811888a7c431f8479828e48a86816f", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series . This award and Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Drama Series replaced Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Series in 2003 . As of 2015 , no show has won this award more than once except for The Office , which has won twice ( 2007 and 2013 ) . In the following list , the first titles listed in gold and bold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place : __ TOC __", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "4b8ec0c3eca21547553a6a28ff7ecc1a", "text": "One More Light One More Light is the seventh studio album by American rock band Linkin Park . It was released on May 19 , 2017 through Warner Bros. . Records and Machine Shop , following the 2014 album The Hunting Party . The album 's first single , `` Heavy '' was released on March 16 , 2017 . It is their first album with a title track . In deciding on the title track , they felt that the song `` One More Light '' was the heart of the album . The album features guest vocal appearances from Pusha T , Stormzy , and Kiiara , and production and songwriting collaborations with Julia Michaels , Justin Tranter , Ross Golan , Andrew Goldstein , blackbear , and Eg White . Acoustic performances of the lead single by Chester Bennington and Mike Shinoda helped promote One More Light . A few of them included performances with Kiiara , Waxx , and Sofia Karlberg .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bd644e768996a16f6a744bcd103339b", "text": "Pusha T Terrence LeVarr Thornton ( born May 13 , 1977 ) , better known by his stage name Pusha T , is an American rapper . He initially gained major recognition as one-half of hip hop duo Clipse , alongside his brother Gene `` No Malice '' Thornton , with whom he founded Re-Up Records . In September 2010 , Thornton announced his signing to Kanye West 's GOOD Music imprint , under the aegis of Def Jam Recordings . In March 2011 , he released his first solo project , a mixtape titled Fear of God . Thornton released his debut solo album My Name Is My Name , in October 2013 . In November 2015 , Kanye West appointed Pusha T to take over his role as president of GOOD Music .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a0f63ce82d2e1b630dee6b314ab9cad8", "text": "Ill conscious Lavar Clark or Divine Justice Allah , , better known by his stage name Ill Conscious , is an American rapper from Baltimore , MD. . He has been featured on a number of various hip hop blogs and has been called a mix between a later-in-his-career AZ , a Capital Punishment Big Pun , with the ` consciousness ' of Talib Kweli and the passion/word choice of Tupac", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54f4c66110ae7ed72dac5944d1436228", "text": "Relapse (Eminem album) Relapse is the sixth studio album by American rapper Eminem . The album was released on May 19 , 2009 , under Aftermath Entertainment , Shady Records , and Interscope Records . It was his first album of original material since Encore ( 2004 ) , following a four-year hiatus from recording due to his writer 's block and an addiction to prescription sleeping medication . Recording sessions for the album took place during 2005 to 2009 at several recording studios , and Dr. Dre , Mark Batson , and Eminem handled production . Conceptually , Relapse concerns the ending of his drug rehabilitation , rapping after a non-fictional relapse , and the return of his Slim Shady alter-ego . One of the most anticipated album releases of 2009 , Relapse debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 608,000 copies in its first week . It produced three singles that attained chart success and has been certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America . The album received mixed reviews from most music critics , who were divided in their responses towards Eminem 's lyrics . It has sold more than 2.3 million copies in the United States and more than 17 million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33d4a41f38b707f9026c1aa1767e2e85", "text": "Juvenile (rapper) Terius Gray ( born March 25 , 1977 ) , better known by his stage name Juvenile , is an American rapper , actor , and songwriter . He is also a member of the hip hop group The Hot Boys . At the age of 19 , he began recording raps , releasing his debut album Being Myself in 1995 . He became popular when his 1999 single `` Back That Thang Up '' was released . In 2003 , he returned to Cash Money Records to record Juve the Great , spawning the number-one hit `` Slow Motion '' . Following this album he again left Cash Money , and in 2006 he was signed to Atlantic Records . He released Reality Check under that label . His latest album , The Fundamentals , was released in February 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ccfdaa91934f0a33f7c59da75bf0ac5", "text": "Tha Blaqprint Tha Blaqprint is the second studio album by American hip hop recording artist Blaq Poet , released June 30 , 2009 on DJ Premier 's record label Year Round Records via Fat Beats Records . It features guest appearances by the also Year Round Records signed group NYGz and Nick Javas , Capone-N-Noreaga member N.O.R.E. , Imani Montana , Lil ' Fame from M.O.P. , and the late Screwball member KL . The album was entirely produced by DJ Premier , except for two tracks : `` U Phucc 'd Up '' , produced by Easy Mo Bee , and `` Sichuwayshunz '' , produced by Gemcrates . Several tracks have been released on various mixtapes , such as `` Blaq Out '' or `` No Talent Required '' , dating all the way back to 2006 . The album 's lead single , `` Ai n't Nuttin ' Changed '' , has been released in February 2009 . There 's also a remix version to the single , released in June 2009 . It features verses by MC Eiht from Compton 's Most Wanted and Young Maylay from Ice Cube 's Lench Mob Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dfe4db72f44d12c8414862f4a639c831", "text": "Angel Haze Raykeea Wilson ( born July 10 , 1991 ) , known professionally as Angel Haze , is an American rapper and singer . In 2012 , Haze released the EP Reservation and later signed a record deal with Universal Republic Records before moving to Republic Records . On December 31 , 2013 , Haze released the debut album Dirty Gold , which featured the singles `` Echelon ( It 's My Way ) '' and `` Battle Cry '' . Haze has released a number of mixtapes , including the most recent , Back to the Woods ( 2015 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec4b1e0cca08791df5836e245ec1586c", "text": "Hopsin Marcus Jamal Hopson ( born July 18 , 1985 ) , better known by his stage name Hopsin , is an American rapper , record producer , director and actor from Los Angeles , California . In 2007 , he was signed to Ruthless Records , and had founded his own record label , Funk Volume , in 2009 . He would then go on to found another record label , Undercover Prodigy , in 2016 . Hopsin has released four studio albums , Gazing at the Moonlight through Ruthless Records , Raw , Knock Madness and Pound Syndrome along with the collaborative project Haywire ( with SwizZz ) through Funk Volume . He is well known for his use of white colored eye contacts in music videos , performances , and interviews .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24a8fc4d6225349af9d10b49843a427e", "text": "Lawless Element Lawless Element is an underground hip hop duo from Detroit , Michigan . The duo is composed of cousins Griot ( West African for `` Storyteller '' , born Alfred Austin ) as emcee and Magnif ( born Kavi Tapsico ) as DJ , producer and emcee . The duo of Magnif and Griot became engulfed in hip hop culture at the ages of 6 and 9 , and spent their teenage years honing their skills on the production boards and on the microphone . At the ages of 16 and 19 , the duo released their first single , titled `` Mic Check '' , in 2003 on Running Man Records . The next year , the duo hooked up with fellow Detroit native , producer J Dilla , to release the single `` The Shining '' . In early 2005 , LE worked with Dilla 's Jaylib partner Madlib on the single `` High '' , which landed them a deal with popular independent rap label Babygrande Records . Their debut album , Soundvision : In Stereo , was released in September 2005 to generally positive reviews . Soundvision featured production from Magnif , J Dilla and Madlib and guest appearances from Dilla , Melanie Rutherford , Phat Kat , Big Tone , P.Dot , SelfSays and Diverse . `` Rules Pt . 2 '' was the album 's lead single , and also became the duo 's first music video . URB magazine gave the album 4 out of 5 stars and stated that it was `` Heavily influenced by the golden age of De La Soul , Pete Rock and DJ Premier '' and that it featured `` 12 top-shelf tracks '' The album also earned the duo Featured Artist status on the Okayplayer website . Magnif has continued production work for a number of other underground acts , and released a mixtape titled SupaBeatMaker in late 2005 . The duo has announced plans for their second album , tentatively titled Evil , scheduled for released in 2008 on Babygrande Records . Magnif is also planning the release of a full-length production and solo album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bf20526dc165875a2f5892a9e9f5fa58", "text": "Amil (rapper) Amil Kahala Whitehead ( born September 19 , 1973 ) , more commonly known by her stage name Amil , is an American rapper , singer , and songwriter from New York City . She was prominent in the late 1990s as a Jay-Z protégé , most notably on the single `` Can I Get A. . . '' from the Rush Hour soundtrack .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f2d933efe0cb4494b02db038df6ea59", "text": "Blinky Blink Blinky Blink is a rapper and member of the New York-based hip-hop group Harlem World .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85a2b8fd164cb492cc4639414d45a75b", "text": "ASAP Ferg Darold D. Brown Ferguson , Jr. ( born October 20 , 1988 ) , better known by his stage name ASAP Ferg ( stylized as A$ AP Ferg ) , is an American rapper from New York City 's Harlem neighborhood . Aside from his solo career , he is a member of the hip hop collective A$ AP Mob , from which he adopted his moniker . In January 2013 , Ferg signed a solo record deal with Polo Grounds and RCA , the same labels that helped launch A$ AP Worldwide , when Ferg 's A$ AP Mob cohorts A$ AP Rocky and the late A$ AP Yams , negotiated their own respective deal in 2011 . His debut album Trap Lord was released on August 20 , 2013 , and was met with generally positive reviews . On April 22 , 2016 , Ferg released his second studio album , Always Strive and Prosper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6e21c335b9ed50d4673451da5c1816b", "text": "Add-2 Andre DiJuan Daniels ( born March 31 , 1986 ) , better known by his stage name Add-2 , sometimes stylized as Add 2 , is an American rapper from Chicago , Illinois . He first gained popularity after the release of his second mixtape , A Tale of Two 's City : Volume 2 . In 2009 , his single `` Luxury '' was featured on MTV , MtvU 's top 5 freshman and Vh1 respectively . `` Luxury '' is part of Add-2 's third mixtape , `` Tale of Two 's City Vol . 3 : The Rise & Fall . '' Add-2 has also worked with Grammy award winning music producer 9th Wonder along with Kendrick Lamar , The Roots and Gerald Walker .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e4ee30388913b4554bc57325c9eda82c", "text": "Kam (rapper) Craig A. Miller ( born October 24 , 1970 in Los Angeles , California ) , better known by his stage name Kam is an American political emcee known primarily among hip hop fans and music critics during the 1990s & early 2000s . He is known for his Nation of Islam-influenced lyrics and NOI membership , and affiliation with his cousin , fellow West Coast emcee Ice Cube . He is also known for his powerfully commanding baritone voice and knack for using multisyllabic rhymes . He has only released two albums since his well-received 1993 debut album Neva Again . That album featured inflammatory anti-government lyrics and hit single `` Peace Treaty , '' a song about the 1992 Watts gang treaty . The song reached # 2 on the Hot Rap Singles chart in 1993 . His first appearance on record was with the song `` Every Single Weekend '' from the 1991 Boyz n the Hood soundtrack . Since then , he has collaborated with artists including Ice Cube , Snoop Dogg , Coolio , E-40 , Erick Sermon , MC Ren , C-Bo , K9Compton , DJ Quik , DJ Pooh , Tha Eastsidaz , Method Man , KRS-One , Public Enemy , Nate Dogg , Warren G , Dogg Pound , Xzibit , Tyrese , Tank , George Clinton , Dresta , B.G. Knocc Out , Yukmouth , and Glasses Malone among many others . He has released music on two record labels , East West Records and JCOR Entertainment . He is currently signed to his own record label , HEREAFTER RECORDS , and plans to release his fourth solo album . He is also currently a member of Snoop Dogg 's West Coast supergroup The Warzone with MC Eiht and Goldie Loc . Kam and his biological younger brother , `` Yung Bruh '' , are also a NOI-based rap group called , Fruit Pruno . Their self-titled album was released during the NOI 's Saviour 's Day 2010 summit ( specifically on February 28 , 2010 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2a09e7da07228c60151fa972882b57a", "text": "Tink (musician) Trinity Home ( born March 18 , 1995 ) , better known by her stage name Tink , is an American rapper and singer-songwriter . Since 2012 , she has released seven mixtapes and is due to release her debut studio album in 2016 . The album is set to be released on the Mosley Music Group label , an imprint of Epic Records run by producer , Timbaland . Her 2014 mixtape , Winter 's Diary 2 : Forever Yours , was featured as a top 10 R&B album in both Rolling Stone and Billboard magazines . She was also chosen as part of the XXL 2015 Freshman Class .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1f3142605fdd363b1ecb92c282e772e", "text": "Boo Thang `` Boo Thang '' is a song by American rapper Verse Simmonds , featuring guest vocals from singer Kelly Rowland . It was released by Bu Vision , a label run by Akon 's brother Bu Thiam , in association with Konvict Muzik and The Island Def Jam Music Group . `` Boo Thang '' peaked at No. 44 on both the Billboard Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart and the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Airplay chart . The song was ultimately included on Simmonds ' mixtape Sextape Chronicles 2 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "747468ee07a179582f0fdbe7ada3f949", "text": "The D.O.C. Tracy Lynn Curry ( born June 10 , 1968 ) , better known by his stage name The D.O.C. , is an American rapper from Dallas . In addition to a solo career , he was a member of the hip hop group Fila Fresh Crew and later collaborated with gangsta rap group N.W.A , where he co-wrote many of their releases as well as Eazy-E 's solo debut album Eazy-Duz-It . He has also worked with Dr. Dre , who is one of the founding members of N.W.A and produced two of his solo albums . After Fila Fresh Crew split up in 1987 , The D.O.C. went on to pursue a successful solo career . In 1989 , he released his debut album , No One Can Do It Better , which reached number-one on the US Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart for two weeks and spawned two number one hits on the Hot Rap Songs chart : `` It 's Funky Enough '' and `` The D.O.C. & The Doctor '' . The album went platinum five years after its release . In late 1989 , months after the release of No One Can Do It Better , The D.O.C. almost died when a car accident resulted in the crushing of his larynx , permanently changing his voice . Since his recovery , he has released two more albums , Helter Skelter in 1996 and Deuce in 2003 . Since 2006 , The D.O.C. has been working on new material for his fourth album Voices .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec6fa53ed2e5e4fc8f238c1fd1c67cff", "text": "Friday Night Lights (mixtape) Friday Night Lights is the third official mixtape from Fayetteville , North Carolina rapper J. Cole . It was released on November 12 , 2010 . The mixtape was to originally be called Villematic and contain J. Cole 's previous leaks and freestyles , however , Cole later stated it would have original material . The mixtape became the second most searched and trending topics on Google and Twitter respectively following its release . Most songs on the mixtape were slated to be on his debut album at one point or another . The mixtape has been viewed over 4,470,000 times , streamed over 1,280,000 times , and downloaded over 1,700,000 times on mixtape site DatPiff . On June 26 , 2013 Cole announced that he would be re-releasing The Warm Up and Friday Night Lights for retail sale , in order to give them the push they deserved .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06f2506ed5f5aae4d280b25d6f817446", "text": "Dae Dae Marquavis Goolsby ( born July 29 , 1992 ) , better known by his stage name Dae Dae , is an American rapper from Atlanta , Georgia . He is known for his debut single `` Wat U Mean ( Aye , Aye , Aye ) . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ff3aa13bbc27a45573cb305fdb0cb14", "text": "Wordsworth (rapper) Wordsworth ( born Vinson Jamel Johnson ) is an underground hip hop MC from Brooklyn , best known for his freestyle rap . Wordsworth grew up in Brooklyn . A graduate of the State University of New York College at Old Westbury , Wordsworth recorded with his partner Punchline ( they worked as `` Punch 'N' Words '' ) on A Tribe Called Quest 's The Love Movement and on Mos Def and Talib Kweli 's Black Star . Wordsworth and Punchline were featured heavily on Connecticut rapper Apathy 's mixtapes , and collaborated with fellow Demigodz member , Rise . He was also involved in the critically acclaimed MTV comedy sketch series Lyricist Lounge . He made his solo debut in September 2004 with Mirror Music . He also featured in a Slam Bush music video in which he is hip hop `` battling '' a nervous George W. Bush ( or at least footage of him taken from other videos ) . Words is a member of the supergroup eMC , alongside Masta Ace , Punchline and Strick . He was the vocalist on Prince Paul 's Bubble Party for The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie soundtrack . He also appears in the Kevin Fitzgerald film Freestyle : The Art of Rhyme . Wordsworth is also featured on the debut album Series Premiere from Toronto hip-hop duo , Perfeck Strangers in the track `` Dreams '' . He announced a new album , The Photo Album , that was released in June 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1931603aedbe38deee27ced57b10193", "text": "Tru Life Roberto Guzmán Rosado , Jr. ( born March 19 , 1976 ) , better known by his stage name Tru Life , is an American rapper of Puerto Rican descent . He was signed to Jay-Z 's Roc-A-Fella Records briefly but was incarcerated soon after . Before signing he had spent time with various other labels , featured on numerous songs and had already generated quite a buzz due to prominent beefs , appearances on mixtapes and Smack DVD . He was released from prison in 2016 . Since his release from prison he has actively protested his innocence , and stated that he pled guilty to a criminal charge only because of the situation being effectively stacked against him in such a way that he felt he could not win a trial , despite the fact that he did n't participate in any crime . In his eyes , it was a better choice to plead guilty and accept the sentence than to risk a trial , which would have not only put him at risk of being convicted of a more serious crime but also at risk of a much longer sentence . He has also indicated since his release that he is a changed man and has left his previous life of crime and drama long behind him and is moving on in a positive direction . Soon after his release Tru Life featured on a song with Rick Ross which was received well . The music video for the song , released on YouTube , gathered over 1 million views within one month . As of January 2017 Tru Life has featured on a few mixtape tracks but has not released a single nor has he indicated any signs of signing to a record label . He has stated that he is working on his own record and starting his own label .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b98cc07cc91023c9f7351797f784ed6", "text": "One More Chance (The Notorious B.I.G. song) `` One More Chance / Stay with Me ( Remix ) '' is a song written and recorded by American rapper The Notorious B.I.G. , featuring additional vocals sung by his wife Faith Evans and an uncredited appearance by Mary J. Blige . It was certified platinum by the RIAA on July 31 , 1995 and sold 1.1 million copies . The original version of the song appears on B.I.G. 's album , Ready to Die . The remix features new lyrics , a new chorus , and a different beat than the original . There is also a `` hip hop mix '' which samples Marley Marl 's `` Droppin Science '' ( featuring rapper Craig G ) . Evans was an up-and-coming R&B artist at the time . The remix , produced by the Trackmasters samples DeBarge 's 1983 song `` Stay with Me '' . The song peaked at # 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 and topped the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart . It was the highest debuting single of all time , tying with Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson song `` Scream '' when it entered the Hot 100 at # 5 at the time . ( This record stood until later that year , when Michael Jackson 's `` You Are Not Alone '' debuted at number one . ) It remained the highest debuting single for a rap song on the Hot 100 until Puff Daddy 's tribute song `` I 'll Be Missing You '' debuted at # 1 . ( Lauryn Hill , Eminem and DJ Khaled would later equal this feat , with the former 's `` Doo Wop ( That Thing ) '' entering in the top spot in 1998 , the aforementioned with `` Not Afraid '' in 2010 and the latter with `` I 'm The One '' in 2017 . )", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ff3b5e944485f36e6222f94e68af2ca1", "text": "Ink Master Ink Master is an American reality competition television series airing on Spike which premiered on January 17 , 2012 . The show features tattoo artists who compete in various challenges assessing their tattoo and other related artistic skills . They are judged by renowned tattoo artists and enthusiasts , with one or more contestants being eliminated each episode . The last contestant standing each season receives a $ 100,000 prize and the title of Ink Master . The show is produced by Original Media which also produced the reality show Miami Ink . The sixth season of the show premiered on June 23 , 2015 . In May , the network renewed Ink Master for a seventh season which premiered on March 1 , 2016 . The eighth season of the tattoo reality competition Ink Master ( subtitled as Ink Master : Peck vs. Nuñez ) premiered on August 23 , 2016 on Spike . Season 8 had its first female winner . The show has been renewed for seasons 9 and 10 . A spin-off show , titled Ink Master : Redemption , has also been released . The series has also released a number of special standalone episodes generally themed around an upcoming event or holiday such as Halloween .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "5c606b4df1efafbb5911d1e0836079ac", "text": "Radio Ink Radio Ink is a radio broadcasting industry trade magazine owned by Streamline Publishing . Radio Ink serves the management community of the radio industry in the United States and in 43 countries worldwide . The focus of the bi-weekly magazine is radio management and operations challenges facing commercial radio broadcasters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1146f2b571a710c163739ce10c7298e", "text": "Film gate The film gate is the rectangular opening in the front of a motion picture camera where the film is exposed to light . The film gate can be seen by removing the lens and rotating the shutter out of the way . The film is held on a uniform plane at a calibrated distance in the gate by a pressure plate behind the film . Occasionally , as the film passes through the gate , friction can cause small slivers of celluloid to break off and stick in the side of the opening . This debris is called hairs . A `` hair in the gate '' will remain in front of the film and create a dark line that sticks into the edge of the film frame as the camera is filming a shot . A hair can ruin the shot and is almost impossible to fix in post production without being removed digitally . Because of the intractability of this problem the 1st Assistant Camera ( in the UK this position is known as focus puller ) will open the camera and examine the gate for hairs at the end of each shot . Normally the assistant director will call out `` check the gate '' when the director is ready to move on to the next shot . The crew will wait until the focus puller calls out `` gate is clean . '' If the gate is not clean , it will be cleaned with orangewood sticks and canned air and the crew will take the shot again . A good camera crew usually checks all cameras and magazines during equipment checkout with scratch tests using fogged film rolls -- this will catch out any possible scratch or hair problems caused by faulty equipment . However , a variety of other factors including environment , humidity , type of film stock , camera position , film ridging , and lacing can each be responsible for a `` hair in the gate '' . Generally , skilled crew and regularly inspected tested equipment make this a rare occurrence , and it is not unheard of for assistants to go for months without seeing one , even on large-scale shoots . The cinematographer Oliver Stapleton praised his assisting team on Casanova for not having a single hair or scratch for the whole shoot , even though large portions were shot on dusty exteriors . Video cameras do not have this problem , as any malfunction to the sensor will render the entire system useless . The Arri D-20 and D-21 system , however , does have removable lenses and a rotating optical shutter , which means that the CMOS sensor can be exposed in much the same way as a film gate and thus needs to be kept assiduously clean .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58100633cf42586f8eb8ac47bc8ccccc", "text": "The Book of Masters The Book of Masters ( -LSB- Книга Мастеров , Kniga Masterov -RSB- ) is a Russian language fantasy film produced by the CIS division of the Disney company and directed by Vadim Sokolovsky . It was released in Russia on October 29 , 2009 . The story is based on Russian fairy tales , such as `` The Stone Flower '' and other stories from The Malachite Casket collection . It is Disney 's first film made in Russia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c234956897620a92ad4de704a830618", "text": "Master Stroke Master Stroke ( Colpo maestro al servizio di Sua Maestà britannica ) is a 1967 Italian crime film directed by Michele Lupo and starring Richard Harrison .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe826812c3735989c6311210163b868d", "text": "Motion Picture Editors Guild The Motion Picture Editors Guild ( MPEG ) is the guild that represents freelance and staff motion picture film and television editors and other post-production professionals and story analysts throughout the United States . The Motion Picture Editors Guild ( Union Local 700 ) is a part of the 500 affiliated local unions of the International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees ( IATSE ) , a national labor organization with 104,000-plus members . There are more than 6,000 members of the Editors Guild . The MPEG negotiates collective bargaining agreements ( union contracts ) with producers and major motion picture movie studios and enforces existing agreements with employers involved in post-production . The MPEG provides assistance for securing better working conditions , including but salary , medical benefits , safety ( particularly `` turnaround time '' ) and artistic ( assignment of credit ) concerns .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fddb33521c4da76d6f4ff1a3f0629492", "text": "Fine grain master positive A fine grain master positive is a photographic term . It is also known as a fine grain master or fine grain and is a high-definition black-and-white intermediate positive image generated from a negative for the purpose of creating additional duplicate negatives . This intermediate element is exposed and chemically processed to a photographic gamma that will permit duplicate negatives as close to the original as is possible by a photochemical process . While a fine grain master appears over-exposed and dark , it contains all of the information in the original negative , compressed into the toe and straight-line portion of the H&D curve via exposure and chemical processing . The image is uncompressed when the duplicate negative is made from the element and the tonal range expanded up into the top straight-line and shoulder portion of the H&D curve .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ff75b23b052aaab5193f5dc92dc8938", "text": "Inkpot Award The Inkpot Award is an honor bestowed annually since 1974 by Comic-Con International . It is given to professionals in the fields of comic books , comic strips , animation , science fiction , and related areas of popular culture , at CCI 's annual convention , commonly known as `` San Diego Comic-Con '' . Also eligible are members of Comic-Con 's Board of Directors and convention committee . The recipients , listed below , are known primarily as comics creators , including writers ; artists ; letterers ; colorists ; editors ; or publishers ; unless otherwise noted .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9809aec28e62fb5fb68ccb4b2685bb52", "text": "Ross LaManna Ross LaManna is an American screenwriter and author . He is best known for creating the Rush Hour series starring Jackie Chan and Chris Tucker . His first novel , Acid Test , was published in the U.S. and Canada by Ballantine Books . The geopolitical thriller was chosen as an Amazon.com `` Penzler Pick '' and as The Mysterious Bookshop 's selection for `` Best First Fiction '' . It was published in several foreign territories and as an audiobook . He attended the University of Southern California in Los Angeles , graduating cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in screenwriting , and also holds a Master of Arts from Arizona State University in dramatic writing . He began in the entertainment industry working on international legal affairs at the independent studio Embassy Pictures . Columbia Pictures purchased a speculative script he had written while at Embassy , and soon thereafter he was hired by United Artists under a two-picture writing deal . Carolco Pictures later hired him under a unique , two-year `` in-house screenwriter '' arrangement , where he worked on a number of their projects . He has written original screenplays , adaptations or rewrites for Fox , Disney , Paramount , Columbia , Universal , HBO Films and many independent companies . As of June , 2013 , he is Chairman of the Undergraduate and Graduate Film Departments at the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena , California , and also on the Board of Directors for the United States Air Force Entertainment Liaison Office . At Art Center , he brought in a number of notable filmmakers as part-time instructors , including the cinematographer Affonso Beato , ASC , the storyboard artist Tim Burgard , the director/producer Jeremiah Chechik , the cinematographer Allen Daviau , ASC , the screenwriter Doug Eboch , the director David Kellogg , the composer Dennis McCarthy , the title designer Dan Perri , the director/producer Richard Pearce , the entertainment attorney Lee Rosenbaum , the writer/director Bobby Roth , the director/actor Mark Rydell , the producer/director John Suits , the director Ron Underwood and the editor Billy Weber .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aebfbd1fe41d1319158f7443d5fd5c75", "text": "Ink (film) Ink is a 2009 American science fiction fantasy film , written and directed by Jamin Winans , starring Chris Kelly , Quinn Hunchar and Jessica Duffy . It was produced by Winans 's own independent production company , Double Edge Films , with Kiowa K. Winans , and shot by cinematographer Jeff Pointer in locations around Denver , Colorado . The film premiered at the Santa Barbara International Film Festival on January 23 , 2009 , and has screened in Denver , the Cancun Film Festival ( where it won the Best International Feature award ) , Rams Head Onstage in Baltimore and in a number of independent movie houses in cities around the US . The film was widely circulated in peer-to-peer networks , which led to its commercial success .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b7844e1af2164a897fe7d7332cc2536", "text": "Inkscape Inkscape is a free and open-source vector graphics editor ; it can be used to create or edit vector graphics such as illustrations , diagrams , line arts , charts , logos and complex paintings . Inkscape 's primary vector graphics format is Scalable Vector Graphics ( SVG ) , however many other formats can be imported and exported . Inkscape can render primitive vector shapes ( e.g. rectangles , ellipses , polygons , arcs , spirals , stars and 3D boxes ) and text . These objects may be filled with solid colors , patterns , radial or linear color gradients and their borders may be stroked , both with adjustable transparency . Embedding and optional tracing of raster graphics is also supported , enabling the editor to create vector graphics from photos and other raster sources . Created shapes can be further manipulated with transformations , such as moving , rotating , scaling and skewing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0eb8f794418ab55c63dc9f50bdb37757", "text": "Takeo Kimura filmography The following is the filmography of Takeo Kimura , the Japanese art director , writer , and film director who has art-directed more than 200 films over a span of more than six decades and ranks among Japan 's best-known art directors . His training began with the Nikkatsu Company in 1941 , whose production division was merged into Daiei during the wartime industry reorganization , where he was promoted to art director in 1945 . His debut film as such was Umi no yobu koe ( 1945 ) . Nikkatsu re-opened its production studio in 1954 and Kimura moved there . He worked with several directors , including top action director Toshio Masuda on films such as Red Quay ( 1958 ) with top star Yujiro Ishihara and Gangster VIP ( 1968 ) starring Tetsuya Watari . However , his longest and most famous collaboration has been with director Seijun Suzuki , which began with The Bastard ( 1963 ) . Together they developed a bold , expressive style exemplified in Gate of Flesh ( 1964 ) and Tokyo Drifter ( 1966 ) . Suzuki often rewrote his scripts with Kimura , who was given his first screenwriting credit on The Flower and the Angry Waves ( 1964 ) . Kimura was also a part of Guryū Hachirō , the pen name of the writing group that formed around Suzuki in the mid-1960s and wrote Branded to Kill ( 1967 ) . Kimura left Nikkatsu in 1973 to work freelance . He subsequently art-directed many films for director Kei Kumai over almost 20 years . This included Kumai 's best-known film Sandakan No. 8 ( 1974 ) , Love and Faith ( 1978 ) featuring Toshirō Mifune and The Sea Is Watching ( 2002 ) based on one of Akira Kurosawa 's final scripts . Kimura 's collaboration with director Kazuo Kuroki exceeded 20 years , including the Art Theatre Guild film Preparation for the Festival ( 1975 ) and The Face of Jizo ( 2004 ) . He worked with Suzuki on several more films , including Zigeunerweisen ( 1980 ) and Pistol Opera ( 2001 ) , a follow-up to Branded to Kill . Zigeunerweisen was voted best Japanese film of the 1980s by Japanese film critics . He art-directed on Fire Festival and Tampopo ( both 1985 ) , career highlights in the respective oeuvres of directors Mitsuo Yanagimachi and Juzo Itami . Kaizō Hayashi 's best remembered and debut film To Sleep so as to Dream ( 1986 ) marked the beginning of another long collaboration which also encompassed his Maiku Hama trilogy : The Most Terrible Time in My Life ( 1994 ) , Stairway to the Distant Past ( 1995 ) and The Trap ( 1996 ) . At age 86 Kimura directed the first of four short films with Mugen Sasurai ( 2004 ) , which earned him the title for oldest directorial debut . The last was Matouqin Nocturne ( 2007 ) in which Suzuki appeared in a prominent role . Kimura then wrote and directed the feature-length film Dreaming Awake ( 2008 ) based on his own self-published novel . He was recognized by Guinness World Records for `` the oldest debut as a feature film director '' at age 90 . Suzuki again appeared in the film . Kimura himself acted in a couple small roles for other directors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ee212d3fd54208194780b4491f8bd58", "text": "A Master of Men A Master of Men is a 1918 British silent film directed by Wilfred Noy and starring Malcolm Keen , Dorothy Bellew and Marie Hemingway .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "716ce33f860c974ad795bd88501890aa", "text": "Rikyu (film) is Hiroshi Teshigahara 's film about the 16th century master of the Japanese tea ceremony , Sen no Rikyū . The film focuses on the late stages of life of Rikyū , during the highly turbulent Sengoku period of feudal Japan . It starts near the end of Oda Nobunaga 's reign , with Rikyū serving as tea master to Nobunaga , and continues into the Momoyama Period . Rikyū is portrayed as a man thoroughly dedicated to aesthetics and perfection , especially in relation to the art of tea . While serving as tea master to the new ruler Toyotomi Hideyoshi , Rikyū finds himself in a uniquely privileged position , with constant access to the powerful feudal lord and the theoretical ability to influence policy , yet he studiously avoids deep involvement in politics while attempting to focus his full attention to the study and teachings of the way of tea . To the extent that he expresses himself , he does so diplomatically , in a way to avoid disrupting the harmony of his relationship with Hideyoshi . Yet , as society is changed violently and radically around him , also finding himself the focus of jealousy and misdirected suspicions , Rikyū ultimately can not avoid confronting larger social issues . He is compelled to express an opinion on Hideyoshi 's military plans . This one breach of his studied isolation from world affairs leads quickly to tragic consequences . Director Teshigahara , himself a master and teacher of the Japanese traditional art of ikebana , brings the viewer into appreciation and deep sympathy for Rikyu 's aesthetic idealism and his careful diplomatic efforts to avoid excessive entanglement in political affairs . The film itself is very studied in its aestheticism , and very expressive of the shocking force of life intruding into the guarded hermetic space of the artist/idealist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "97110922d6e385c1c5fc5a03650b67de", "text": "Old master print An old master print is a work of art produced by a printing process within the Western tradition . The term remains current in the art trade , and there is no easy alternative in English to distinguish the works of `` fine art '' produced in printmaking from the vast range of decorative , utilitarian and popular prints that grew rapidly alongside the artistic print from the 15th century onwards . Fifteenth-century prints are sufficiently rare that they are classed as old master prints even if they are of crude or merely workmanlike artistic quality . A date of about 1830 is usually taken as marking the end of the period whose prints are covered by this term . The main techniques used , in order of their introduction , are woodcut , engraving , etching , mezzotint and aquatint , although there are others . Different techniques are often combined in a single print . With rare exceptions printed on textiles , such as silk , or on vellum , old master prints are printed on paper . This article is concerned with the artistic , historical and social aspects of the subject ; the article on printmaking summarizes the techniques used in making old master prints , from a modern perspective . Many great European artists , such as Albrecht Dürer , Rembrandt , and Francisco Goya , were dedicated printmakers . In their own day , their international reputations largely came from their prints , which were spread far more widely than their paintings . Influences between artists were also mainly transmitted beyond a single city by prints ( and sometimes drawings ) , for the same reason . Prints therefore are frequently brought up in detailed analyses of individual paintings in art history . Today , thanks to colour photo reproductions , and public galleries , their paintings are much better known , whilst their prints are only rarely exhibited , for conservation reasons . But some museum print rooms allow visitors to see their collection , sometimes only by appointment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93f021d71ca065c22090510521f51787", "text": "Fountain pen ink Fountain pen ink is a water-based ink intended for use with fountain pens .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c2b0aecd0782dc68fe861a3d81170b8", "text": "Offset printing Offset printing is a commonly used printing technique in which the inked image is transferred ( or `` offset '' ) from a plate to a rubber blanket , then to the printing surface . When used in combination with the lithographic process , which is based on the repulsion of oil and water , the offset technique employs a flat ( planographic ) image carrier on which the image to be printed obtains ink from ink rollers , while the non-printing area attracts a water-based film ( called `` fountain solution '' ) , keeping the non-printing areas ink-free . The modern `` web '' process feeds a large reel of paper through a large press machine in several parts , typically for several metres , which then prints continuously as the paper is fed through . Development of the offset press came in two versions : in 1875 by Robert Barclay of England for printing on tin , and in 1904 by Ira Washington Rubel of the United States for printing on paper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d3b638bbb4451f0517c9dc8a717bd7d", "text": "Spin Master Spin Master is a Canadian global toy and entertainment company that has been designing , developing , manufacturing , and marketing consumer products for children around the world since 1994 . Its brands include Bakugan , Meccano , Air Hogs , PAW Patrol , Aquadoodle , TGR , Tech Deck and 2015 Toy of the Year , Zoomer Dino . Spin Master employs over 1000 people globally with offices in Canada , United States , Mexico , France , Italy , United Kingdom , Slovakia , Germany , Sweden , the Netherlands , China , Hong Kong , Japan , and Australia . Since 2005 , Spin Master has received 63 TIA Toy of The Year ( TOTY ) nominations with 16 wins across a variety of product categories . Spin Master has been recognized with 12 TOTY nominations for Innovative Toy of the Year . In 2007 , the company launched Spin Master Entertainment , a media division that develops and produces global entertainment properties , characters and content . Spin Master Entertainment has produced five television series , including Bakugan Battle Brawlers , Little Charmers and its current hit PAW Patrol , which is broadcast in over 160 countries and territories globally . In 2014 Spin Master Entertainment launched a news broadcast named TGR . In 2016 , The Ohio Art Company announced that they sold its Etch A Sketch and Doodle Sketch brands to Spin Master .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c889c52c6d7085efc82e58562c5f729", "text": "Masterfile (library) Masterfile Corporation is a stock photography library in Toronto , Ontario , Canada It is represented in over 100 other countries around the world by independent agents and distributors . Masterfile is a visual content provider . A generalist stock photo library , with a lifestyle focus , Masterfile has a collection of millions of Rights-Managed and Royalty-Free photos and illustrations . The collection covers all genres and subjects . Images are licensed to commercial buyers for use in advertising , editorial and other media . Royalties are paid to the contributing artists . The images are stored digitally , showcased , licensed and delivered instantly to business clients worldwide via the Internet 24/7 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d09c997a737d9a17214888887898e014", "text": "Swedish Empire The Swedish Empire ( stormaktstiden , `` the era of great power '' ) refers to the Kingdom of Sweden 's territorial control of much of the Baltic region during the 17th and early 18th centuries , a time when Sweden was one of the great European powers . The beginning of the Empire is usually taken as the reign of Gustavus Adolphus , who ascended the throne in 1611 , and the end as the loss of territories in 1721 following the Great Northern War . In Swedish history , the period is referred to as stormaktstiden , literally meaning `` the Great Power era '' . After the death of Gustavus Adolphus in 1632 , the empire was , over lengthy periods , controlled by part of the high nobility , most prominently the Oxenstierna family , acting as tutors for minor regents . The interests of the high nobility contrasted with the uniformity policy ( i.e. , the upholding of the traditional equality in status of the Swedish estates favoured by the kings and peasantry ) . In territories acquired during the periods of de facto noble rule , serfdom was not abolished , and there was also a trend to set up respective estates in Sweden proper . The Great Reduction of 1680 put an end to these efforts of the nobility and required them to return estates once gained from the crown to the king . Serfdom , however , remained in force in the dominions acquired in the Holy Roman Empire and in Swedish Estonia , where a consequent application of the uniformity policy was hindered by the treaties by which they were gained . After the victories in the Thirty Years ' War , the climax of the great power era was reached during the Second Northern War , when their primary adversary Denmark was neutralized by the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658 . However , in the further course of this war as well as in the subsequent Scanian War , Sweden was able to maintain her empire only with support of her closest ally , France . Charles XI of Sweden consolidated the empire and ensured a period of peace , before Russia , Saxony and Denmark started a concerted attack on his successor , Charles XII . After initial Swedish victories , Charles secured the empire for some time in the Peace of Travendal ( 1700 ) and the Treaty of Altranstädt ( 1706 ) , before the Battle of Poltava ( 1709 ) finally brought the great power era of Sweden to an end .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e9f161b0b04549ca19501d067a43daea", "text": "Treaty of Stolbovo The Treaty of Stolbovo is a peace treaty of 1617 that ended the Ingrian War , fought between Sweden and Russia . After nearly two months of negotiations , representatives from Sweden and Russia met at the ( now derelict ) village of Stolbova , south of Lake Ladoga , on . From the outset , Sweden had gone into the negotiations with very high ambitions , with the hopes of fulfilling the old dream of making all Russian trade pass through Swedish territory . As a consequence of this ambition , the Swedes originally demanded far-reaching territorial gains into western Russia , including the important northern port of Arkhangelsk . At this point , however , James I of England sent a delegation to mediate , and so did the Dutch , mostly to make sure Arkhangelsk did not fall into Swedish hands , which would have made the extensive trade between Western Europe and Russia far more difficult . Arkhangelsk did not change hands in the resulting treaty , partly because of the Dutch and English efforts , but mostly because Russia finally managed to unite under one tsar , Michael Romanov . As word reached Russia that the Swedish war against Poland might soon be over , the Russians were quick to get negotiations going for real -- knowing that they could not afford Sweden 's renewal of the war effort on just one front . In the resulting peace treaty , the tsar and the Swedish King Gustavus Adolphus agreed to the following terms : Sweden gained the province and fortress of Kexholm ( Käkisalmi ) ( now Priozersk ) , south-west Karelia and the province of Ingria -- including the fortress of Nöteborg , known as `` the key to Finland '' ( now Shlisselburg , Russia ) Members of the upper classes in these conquered areas were allowed to migrate within 14 days , if they wished to , a right not granted to regular priests and farmers Russia renounced all claims to Estonia and Livonia Russia would pay Sweden war indemnities of 20,000 rubles Novgorod and other Swedish territorial gains during the war would be returned to Russia Sweden had the right to keep all spoils of war collected before 20 November 1616 The Russian city of Gdov was to remain in Swedish hands until the peace had been confirmed and the borders fully established Sweden recognized Michael Romanov as the rightful tsar of Russia , putting an end to further Swedish claims in Russia Russia was allowed free trade at normal trade tariffs , making sure Sweden could not cripple Russia completely Russia was allowed to establish merchant houses in Stockholm , Reval ( Tallinn ) and Viborg in exchange for Sweden being allowed to establish merchant houses in Novgorod , Pskov , and Moscow . Gustavus Adolphus is known to have said about this treaty , which granted Sweden natural borders to Russia , partly in the form of Lake Ladoga and Lake Peipus : `` jag hoppas att det skall bliva svårt för ryssen att hoppa över den bäcken '' -- `` I hope it will be hard for the Russians to jump across that creek '' . England is officially credited with brokering this peace , through their mediator John Mericke , though the Dutch efforts were also of great importance . After the war , the leader of the Dutch delegation , Reinoud van Brederode , was granted the title Baron and given the barony of Wesenberg ( Rakvere ) in Estonia by Gustavus Adolphus .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ecbd4d2854857970d15b33046914545b", "text": "List of monarchs of Prussia The monarchs of Prussia were members of the House of Hohenzollern who were the hereditary rulers of the former German state of Prussia from its founding in 1525 as the Duchy of Prussia . The Duchy had evolved out of the Teutonic Order , a Roman Catholic crusader state and theocracy located along the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea . The Teutonic Knights were under the leadership of a Grand Master , the last of whom , Albert , converted to Protestantism and secularized the lands , which then became the Duchy of Prussia . The Duchy was initially a vassal of the Kingdom of Poland , as a result of the terms of the Prussian Homage whereby Albert was granted the Duchy as part of the terms of peace following the Prussian War . When the main line of Prussian Hohenzollerns died out in 1618 , the Duchy passed to a different branch of the family , who also reigned as Electors of Brandenburg in the Holy Roman Empire . While still nominally two different territories , Prussia under the suzerainty of Poland and Brandenburg under the suzerainty of the Holy Roman Empire , the two states are known together historiographically as Brandenburg-Prussia . Following the Second Northern War , a series of treaties freed the Duchy of Prussia from any vassalage to any other state , making it a fully sovereign Duchy in its own right . This complex situation ( where the Hohenzollern ruler of the independent Duchy of Prussia was also a subject of the Holy Roman Emperor as Elector of Brandenburg ) laid the eventual groundwork for the establishment of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701 . For diplomatic reasons , the rulers of the state were known as the King in Prussia from 1701 to 1772 ; largely because they still owed fealty to the Emperor as Electors of Brandenburg , the `` King in Prussia '' title ( as opposed to `` King of Prussia '' ) avoided offending the Emperor . As the Prussian state grew through several wars and diplomatic moves throughout the 18th century , it became apparent that Prussia had become a Great Power that did not need to submit meekly to the Holy Roman Empire . By 1772 , the pretense was dropped , and the style `` King of Prussia '' was adopted . Thus it remained until 1871 , when in the aftermath of the Franco-Prussian War , the King of Prussia Wilhelm I was crowned German Emperor . From that point forward , though the Kingdom of Prussia retained its status as a constituent state of the German Empire , all remaining Kings of Prussia also served as German Emperor , and that title took precedence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea8f4ffebc7194a89eca03319b50b852", "text": "1910s The 1910s ( pronounced `` nineteen-tens '' , also abbreviated as the `` teens '' ) was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1 , 1910 , and ended on December 31 , 1919 . The 1910s represented the culmination of European militarism which had its beginnings during the second half of the 19th century . The conservative lifestyles during the first half of the decade , as well as the legacy of military alliances , was forever changed by the assassination , on June 28 , 1914 , of Archduke Franz Ferdinand , the heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne . The murder triggered a chain of events in which , within 33 days , World War I broke out in Europe on August 1 , 1914 . The conflict dragged on until a truce was declared on November 11 , 1918 , leading to the controversial , one-sided Treaty of Versailles , which was signed on June 28 , 1919 . The war 's end triggered the abdication of various monarchies and the collapse of five of the last modern empires of Russia , Germany , China , Ottoman Turkey and Austria-Hungary , with the latter splintered into Austria , Hungary , southern Poland ( who acquired most of their land in a war with Soviet Russia ) , Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia , as well as the unification of Romania with Transylvania and Moldavia . However , each of these states ( with the possible exception of Yugoslavia ) had large German and Hungarian minorities , there creating some unexpected problems that would be brought to light in the next two decades . ( See Dissolution of Austro-Hungarian Empire : Successor States for better description of composition of names of successor countries/states following the splinter . ) The decade was also a period of revolution in a number of countries . The Mexican Revolution spearheaded the trend in November 1910 , which led to the ousting of dictator Porfirio Diaz , developing into a violent civil war that dragged on until mid-1920 , not long after a new Mexican Constitution was signed and ratified . Russia also had a similar fate , since World War I led to a collapse in morale as well as to economic chaos . This atmosphere encouraged the establishment of Bolshevism , which was later renamed as communism . Like the Mexican Revolution , the Russian Revolution of 1917 , known as the October Revolution , immediately turned to Russian Civil War that dragged until approximately late 1922 . Much of the music in these years was ballroom-themed . Many of the fashionable restaurants were equipped with dance floors . Prohibition in the United States began January 16 , 1919 , with the ratification of the Eighteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68565af946b0b8279ccc7d77f2e5f794", "text": "Monarchy A monarchy is a form of government in which a group , usually a family called the dynasty , embodies the country 's national identity and one of its members , called the monarch , exercises a role of sovereignty . The actual power of the monarch may vary from purely symbolic ( crowned republic ) , to partial and restricted ( constitutional monarchy ) , to completely autocratic ( absolute monarchy ) . Traditionally and in most cases , the monarch 's post is inherited and lasts until death or abdication , but there are also elective monarchies where the monarch is elected . Each of these has variations : in some elected monarchies only those of certain pedigrees are , whereas many hereditary monarchies impose requirements regarding the religion , age , gender , mental capacity , etc. . Occasionally this might create a situation of rival claimants whose legitimacy is subject to effective election . Finally , there have been cases where the term of a monarch 's reign is either fixed in years or continues until certain goals are achieved : an invasion being repulsed , for instance . Thus there are widely divergent structures and traditions defining monarchy . Monarchy was the most common form of government until the 19th century , but it is no longer prevalent . Where it exists , it is now usually a constitutional monarchy , in which the monarch retains a unique legal and ceremonial role , but exercises limited or no official political power : under the written or unwritten constitution , others have governing authority . Currently , 47 sovereign nations in the world have monarchs acting as heads of state , 19 of which are Commonwealth realms that recognise Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state . All European monarchies are constitutional ones , with the exception of the Vatican City which is an elective monarchy , but sovereigns in the smaller states exercise greater political influence than in the larger . The monarchs of Cambodia , Japan , and Malaysia `` reign , but do not rule '' although there is considerable variation in the degree of authority they wield . Although they reign under constitutions , the monarchs of Brunei , Morocco , Oman , Qatar , Saudi Arabia and Swaziland appear to continue to exercise more political influence than any other single source of authority in their nations , either by constitutional mandate or by tradition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c7182e905effe26d515d29a89610b1d", "text": "Geography of Sweden Sweden is a country in Northern Europe on the Scandinavian Peninsula . It borders Norway to the west ; Finland to the northeast ; and the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Bothnia to the east and south . Sweden has a long coastline on the eastern side and the Scandinavian mountain chain ( Skanderna ) on the western border , a range that separates Sweden from Norway . It has maritime borders with Denmark , Germany , Poland , Russia , Lithuania , Latvia and Estonia , and it is also linked to Denmark ( southwest ) by the Öresund Bridge . At 450295 km2 , Sweden is the 56th largest country in the world . It is the fifth largest in Europe and the largest in Northern Europe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "187491c081d51327f5d0148dd5aab3d2", "text": "King in Prussia King in Prussia was a title used by the Electors of Brandenburg from 1701 to 1772 . Subsequently , they used the title King of Prussia . The House of Hohenzollern ruled Brandenburg as Prince-Electors , and were subjects of the Holy Roman Emperor . Since 1618 , the Electors of Brandenburg had also ruled the Duchy of Prussia , which lay outside of the empire , in a personal union . The dual state was known as Brandenburg-Prussia . The Duchy of Prussia was originally a fief that the dukes held of the King of Poland , of whom they were vassals , until the Treaties of Labiau ( 1656 ) and Bromberg ( 1657 ) , with which Frederick William , the Great Elector , had achieved full sovereignty from the Polish Crown . In 1701 Elector Frederick III wanted to show his greatness by adopting the title king . In return for Hohenzollern assistance in the War of the Spanish Succession and support for the Habsburg candidate in the subsequent election , Emperor Leopold I allowed Frederick to crown himself `` King in Prussia '' . Legally , Frederick was only an elector in his domains within the borders of the empire ; he was only king in his former duchy . Even though Brandenburg was still legally part of the empire and ruled in personal union with Prussia , it soon came to be treated as a de facto part of Prussia . On 17 January 1701 , Frederick dedicated the royal coat of arms , the Prussian black eagle with the motto `` suum cuique '' imprinted . On 18 January , he crowned himself and his wife Sophie Charlotte in a baroque ceremony in Königsberg Castle . Even so , Frederick 's move was controversial , and only became widely accepted after the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 . The title `` King of Prussia '' implied lordship over the entire Prussian region , not simply the former Duchy of Prussia , now Kingdom of Prussia , and the assumption of such a title by the Hohenzollern margraves would have threatened neighboring Poland ; because the province of Royal Prussia was part of the Kingdom of Poland , the Kings of Poland titled themselves Kings of Prussia until 1742 . Throughout the 18th century the power of the Kings in Prussia continued to increase . They were victorious over the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy in the three Silesian Wars , greatly increasing their power through the acquisition of Silesia . King Frederick II adopted the title King of Prussia in 1772 , the same year he annexed most of Royal Prussia in the First Partition of Poland . The kings of Prussia continued to be Electors of Brandenburg until the empire 's dissolution in 1806 . Brandenburg was then made a province of the Kingdom of Prussia , Berlin officially gaining the status of capital of the Kingdom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "456c5128ba4f41da493992b4d13996bf", "text": "Gustavian era This is a History of Sweden from 1772 through 1809 , more known as the Gustavian era of Kings Gustav III and Gustav IV , as well as the reign of King Charles XIII of Sweden .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07e729cde9da089b1e425b0b4f3f394d", "text": "Stockholm Music Museum The Stockholm Music Museum was founded in 1899 ( then named '' Musikhistoriska museet '' ) , inspired by an exhibition of theatre and music which was part of the great Stockholm art and industry exhibition of 1897 . Via donations and appeals for gifts around 200 musical instruments and an amount of archive material concerning the history of music and theatre were gathered . The new museum was opened to the general public in 1901 . In 1932 the museum , in the form of a trust , was associated with the Royal Swedish Academy of Music and received a state grant . The state became increasingly responsible for the museum , which in 1981 became part of a new public body -- The Swedish National Collections of Music . At the same time the museum was renamed The Stockholm Music Museum ( Musikmuseet ) , since its activities had broadened and changed in character . The collection now ( 2008 ) encompasses approximately 5,500 instruments with an emphasis on Western art music , and Scandinavian folk music instruments . Many of these can now be seen ( and heard ) on the museum 's own web site : www.musikmuseet.se Since 1979 the Stockholm Music Museum is located in the splendid former Crown Bakery , in the same quarter as the Court Stables , beside the Royal Dramatic Theatre , in central Stockholm . The Crown Bakery dates from the 17th century , and is Stockholm 's oldest industrial building . This building has a long and eventful history and has through the centuries performed a number of functions : bakery , weapon depot , spirits store . Yet almost all the time -- from the 1640s to 1958 -- it has been a bakery for the armed forces in Stockholm . It even boasted mobile ovens which could be used during field exercises . In 1945 the building was ravaged by a fire which destroyed its upper floors in the northern part -- where the Concert Hall is now located . A large portion of the museum 's instrument collection is viewable on the museum 's webpage , and will from 2010 onwards , be available through the EU 's europeana culture webportal : www.europeana.eu", "title": "" }, { "docid": "23bc261c088b69ca07d3dcaa1f691123", "text": "Great Northern War The Great Northern War ( 1700 -- 21 ) was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Central , Northern , and Eastern Europe . The initial leaders of the anti-Swedish alliance were Peter I of Russia , Frederick IV of Denmark -- Norway and Augustus II the Strong of Saxony-Poland . Frederick IV and Augustus II were defeated by Sweden , under Charles XII , and forced out of the alliance in 1700 and 1706 respectively , but rejoined it in 1709 after the defeat of Charles XII at the battle of Poltava . George I of Great Britain and of Brunswick-Lüneburg ( Hanover ) joined the coalition in 1714 for Hanover and in 1717 for Britain , and Frederick William I of Brandenburg-Prussia joined it in 1715 . Charles XII led the Swedish army . Swedish allies included Holstein-Gottorp , several Polish magnates under Stanisław I Leszczyński ( 1704 -- 10 ) and Cossacks under the Ukrainian Hetman Ivan Mazepa ( 1708 -- 10 ) . The Ottoman Empire temporarily hosted Charles XII of Sweden and intervened against Peter I. The war began when an alliance of Denmark -- Norway , Saxony , Poland and Russia sensing an opportunity as Sweden was ruled by the young Charles XII , declared war on the Swedish Empire , and launched a threefold attack on Swedish Holstein-Gottorp , Swedish Livonia , and Swedish Ingria . Sweden parried the Danish and Russian attacks at Travendal ( August 1700 ) and Narva ( November 1700 ) respectively , and in a counter-offensive pushed Augustus II 's forces through the Polish -- Lithuanian Commonwealth to Saxony , dethroning Augustus on the way ( September 1706 ) and forcing him to acknowledge defeat in the Treaty of Altranstädt ( October 1706 ) . The treaty also secured the extradition and execution of Johann Reinhold Patkul , architect of the alliance seven years earlier . Peter I 's forces had meanwhile recovered from its defeat at Narva and gained ground in Sweden 's Baltic provinces , where he cemented Russia 's access to the Baltic Sea by founding Saint Petersburg in 1703 . Charles XII moved from Saxony into Russia to confront Peter , but the campaign ended with the destruction of the main Swedish army at the decisive 1709 Battle of Poltava ( in present-day Ukraine ) , and Charles ' exile in the Ottoman town of Bender . The Ottoman Empire defeated the Russian-Moldavian army in the Pruth River Campaign , but that peace treaty was in the end without great consequence to Russia 's position . After Poltava , the anti-Swedish coalition revived and subsequently Hanover and Prussia joined it . The remaining Swedish forces in plague-stricken areas south and east of the Baltic Sea were evicted , with the last city , Riga , falling in 1710 . The coalition members partitioned most of the Swedish dominions among themselves , destroying the Swedish dominium maris baltici . Sweden proper was invaded from the west by Denmark -- Norway and from the east by Russia , which had occupied Finland by 1714 . Sweden defeated the Danish invaders at the Battle of Helsingborg ( 1710 ) . Charles XII opened up a Norwegian front , but was killed in Fredriksten in 1718 . The war ended with Sweden 's defeat , leaving Russia as the new dominant power in the Baltic region and as a new major force in European politics . The Western powers , Great Britain and France , became caught up in the separate War of the Spanish Succession ( 1702-1715 ) , which broke out over the Bourbon Philip of Anjou 's succession to the Spanish throne and a possible joining of France to Spain . The formal conclusion of the Great Northern War came with the Swedish-Hanoverian and Swedish-Prussian Treaties of Stockholm ( 1719 ) , the Dano-Swedish Treaty of Frederiksborg ( 1720 ) , and the Russo-Swedish Treaty of Nystad ( 1721 ) . By these treaties Sweden ceded her exemption from the Sound Dues , and lost the Baltic provinces and the southern part of Swedish Pomerania . The peace treaties also ended her alliance with Holstein-Gottorp . Hanover gained Bremen-Verden , Brandenburg-Prussia incorporated the Oder estuary ( Stettin Lagoons ) , Russia secured the Baltic Provinces , and Denmark strengthened her position in Schleswig-Holstein . In Sweden , the absolute monarchy had come to an end with the death of Charles XII , and Sweden 's Age of Liberty began .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3a0132c80841796f26f0c293293b080", "text": "18th century The 18th century lasted from January 1 , 1701 to December 31 , 1800 in the Gregorian calendar . During the 18th century , the Enlightenment culminated in the French and American revolutions . Philosophy and science increased in prominence . Philosophers dreamed of a brighter age . This dream turned into a reality with the French Revolution of 1789 - , though later compromised by the excesses of the Reign of Terror ( 1793-1794 ) under Maximilien Robespierre . At first , many monarchies of Europe embraced Enlightenment ideals , but with the French Revolution they feared losing their power and formed broad coalitions for the counter-revolution . The Ottoman Empire experienced an unprecedented period of peace and economic expansion , taking part in no European wars from 1740 to 1768 . As a consequence the empire did not share in Europe 's military improvements during the Seven Years ' War ( 1756-1763 ) , causing its military to fall behind and suffer defeats against Russia in the second half of the century . The 18th century also marked the end of the Polish -- Lithuanian Commonwealth as an independent state . The once-powerful and vast kingdom , which had once conquered Moscow and defeated great Ottoman armies , collapsed under numerous invasions . Its semi-democratic government system was not robust enough to rival the neighboring monarchies of the Kingdom of Prussia , the Russian Empire and the Archduchy of Austria which divided the Commonwealth territories between themselves , changing the landscape of Central European politics for the next hundred years . European colonization of the Americas and other parts of the world intensified and associated mass migrations of people grew in size as the Age of Sail continued . Great Britain became a major power worldwide with the defeat of France in North America in the 1760s and the conquest of large parts of India . However , Britain lost many of its North American colonies after the American Revolution , which resulted in the formation of the newly independent United States of America . The Industrial Revolution started in Britain in the 1770s with the production of the improved steam engine . Despite its modest beginnings in the 18th century , steam-powered machinery would radically change human society and the environment . Western historians have occasionally defined the 18th century otherwise for the purposes of their work . For example , the `` short '' 18th century may be defined as 1715 -- 1789 , denoting the period of time between the death of Louis XIV of France and the start of the French Revolution , with an emphasis on directly interconnected events . To historians who expand the century to include larger historical movements , the `` long '' 18th century may run from the Glorious Revolution of 1688 to the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 or even later .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6f2026551d17c4c789485e02f9bc59af", "text": "Gamla Uppsala Gamla Uppsala ( -LSB- ² ɡamːla ² ɵpːsɑːla -RSB- , Old Uppsala ) is a parish and a village outside Uppsala in Sweden . It had 17,973 inhabitants in 2016 . As early as the 3rd century AD and the 4th century AD and onwards , it was an important religious , economic and political centre . Early written sources show that already during pre-history , Gamla Uppsala was well known in Northern Europe as the residence of the Swedish kings of the legendary Yngling dynasty . In fact , the oldest Scandinavian sources , such as Ynglingatal , the Westrogothic law and the Gutasaga talk of the King of Sweden as the `` King at Uppsala '' . During the Middle Ages , it was the largest village of Uppland , the eastern part of which probably originally formed the core of the complex of properties belonging to the Swedish Crown , the so-called Uppsala öd , of which the western part consisted of the royal estate itself , kungsgården . It was also the location of the Thing of all Swedes which was a thing ( general assembly ) held from pre-historic times to the Middle Ages , at the end of February or early March . It was held in conjunction with a great fair called Disting , and a Norse religious celebration called Dísablót . The Law of Uppland informs us that it was at this assembly that the king proclaimed that the leidang would be summoned for warfare during the summer , and all the crews , rowers , commanders and ships were decided . It was not only the Norse cultic centre , it also became Sweden 's archbishopric in 1164 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "174dd5a15772fdf9bc6aa8373e1d29fe", "text": "Oxenstierna Oxenstierna ( -LSB- ˈʊksɛnˌɧæːɳa -RSB- ) is an ancient Swedish noble family , originally from Småland in southern Sweden , and can be traced up to the middle of the 14th century . The Oxenstierna family held vast estates in Södermanland and Uppland during the late middle ages and renaissance . In the 15th century , the family at times held the position of Regent of Sweden during the turbulent civil wars of the Kalmar Union . The family began to adopt its armorial designation of Oxenstierna as a personal name towards the end of the 16th century . In the case of earlier members of the family , the name has been applied by later historians . Several members of the family , notably the influential Lord High Chancellor Axel Oxenstierna , rose to prominence , high political office and titles during the age of the Swedish Empire in the 17th century . The only male-line branch still in existence today is Oxenstierna af Korsholm och Wasa , the comital branch descended from Gabriel Bengtsson Oxenstierna , 1st Count of Korsholm and Vasa ( 1586 -- 1656 ) . Other branches of the family , such as Oxenstierna af Croneborg , Oxenstierna af Eka och Lindö , and Oxenstierna af Södermöre , are now extinct in the male line .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "29fb4113d7413929c579331a33e3c97c", "text": "Religion in Sweden Lutheran Christianity is officially the largest religion in Sweden , with 6.1 million Swedish citizens being members of the Church of Sweden . The high membership figure is mainly due to the fact that until 1996 all newborn children with at least one parent being a member of the church were also made members . Other Christian Churches include the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church . Islam is the second largest religion in Sweden , practiced by 5 % of the population . The rest of the population are either irreligious or members of other religious groups . Sweden was Christianized from Norse paganism during a long period , not final until the 1130s . Since the 16th century , Sweden has been predominantly Lutheran . From the Protestant Reformation in the 1530s until 2000 , the Lutheran Church of Sweden ( Svenska kyrkan ) was the state church . As of 2016 , 61.2 % of Swedish citizens are members of the Church of Sweden , compared to over 95 % in 1970 , and 83 % in 2000 . Despite that , religion in Sweden plays a limited role compared to the European average , and even many church members participate in religious activities for only cultural reasons , and do not believe in Christianity . Atheism and agnosticism are widespread in Swedish society . In a Eurobarometer Poll in 2010 , just 18 % of Swedish citizens responded that `` they believe there is a god '' , although a further 45 % answered that `` they believe there is some sort of spirit or life force '' . In a 2009 Gallup poll , 17 % answered yes to the question `` Is religion an important part of your daily life ? '' . A survey found that only 15 % of Church of Sweden members actually believe in Jesus , while another 15 % identified as atheists , and a quarter as agnostic . Less than 4 % of the Church of Sweden membership attends public worship during an average week ; about 2 % are regular attendees . Some scholars consider the nation to be a place where religion is regarded with `` benign indifference '' . The history of the Jews in Sweden can be traced back to the 17th century , and there are about 20,000 ethnic Jews in Sweden today , of whom about 7,000 belong to a Jewish religious congregation . Because of immigration in the latter part of the 20th century , there is today a sizeable minority of Muslims ( 5 % of population ) and Roman Catholics ( 2 % ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b943213e122d5ccf809b87e5753a2fc9", "text": "The Estates The Estates or the States ( États , Landstände , Staten ) was the assembly of the representatives of the estates of the realm , the divisions of society in feudal times , called together for purposes of deliberation , legislation or taxation . A meeting of the estates that covered an entire kingdom was called an estates general . In many states , the first estate comprised the clergymen , the second estate the nobility , and the third estate the commoners ( bourgeoisie , artisans and peasants ) . The actual representation of these three estates in the assembly could vary from country to country . Bourgeoisie , peasants and people with no estate from birth were separated in Sweden and Finland as late as in 1905 . In some countries , the parliament kept the same name when its feudal organization was replaced with a more modern kind of representation , like census or universal suffrage . In Sweden , the Riksdag of the Estates was replaced with the Riksdag in 1866 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d44dd14476f751149d24a9f010883b7d", "text": "Magnus Brahe (1564–1633) Count Magnus Brahe ( 1564 -- 1633 ) was a Swedish noble . Being both Lord High Constable and Lord High Steward of Sweden , he was a notable figure in the 17th century Sweden . Magnus Brahe , a son of Per Brahe the Elder and Beata Stenbock and nephew of queen dowager Catherine Stenbock , was born at Tynnelsö Palace on 25 September 1564 . He was the brother of Erik Brahe ( 1552 -- 1614 ) , Gustaf Brahe ( 1558 -- 1615 ) , Margareta Brahe ( 1559 -- 1638 ) , Sigrid Brahe and Abraham Brahe ( 1569 -- 1630 ) . He became a chamberlain of King Sigismund in 1590 . Four years later , he left Sigismund and started to support Sigismund 's cousin Duke Carl , who was an enemy of Sigismund and challenged the king for the throne . Brahe received various important assignments from Duke Carl , and eventually , in 1602 , Brahe became Lord High Constable ( Swedish : riksmarsk ) and a member of the Swedish Privy Council . Brahe 's older brothers had supported Sigismund which led to them losing the Visingsborg County . Having been a trustful supporter of Duke Carl , who became regent of Sweden in 1599 and king 1604 , Brahe was declared Count of Visingsborg instead . When King Carl IX died and was succeeded by his son Gustavus Adolphus in 1611 , Brahe remained a close confidant of the new king . The same year , he was appointed Lord High Steward ( Swedish : riksdrots ) , becoming arguably the most prominent member of the Privy Council . Brahe married Countess Brita Stensdotter Leijonhufvud ( 1567 -- 1611 ) at Gräfsnäs Palace on 10 November 1594 . They were parents of Ebba Brahe ( 1596 -- 1674 ) , who was the subject of king Gustav Adolphus ' love . The countess died in 1611 , and Brahe remarried at Strömsholm Palace on 18 October 1618 , this time with Baroness Helena Bielke ( 1592 -- 1651 ) . In 1614 , he was made president of Svea Court of Appeal , when this court was created . Brahe was knighted at the coronation of Gustavus Adolphus in October 1617 . He died in Stockholm on 3 March 1633 due to an illness , which possibly was caused by the great grief Brahe felt when king Gustavus Adolphus died four months earlier . He was buried on 12 May the same year in Västerås Cathedral .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fbb8ef3eaed79dd6b70f0a439b63e906", "text": "Monarchy of the Netherlands The monarchy of the Netherlands is constitutional and as such , the role and position of the monarch are defined and limited by the constitution of the Netherlands . Consequently , a fairly large portion of the Dutch constitution is devoted to the monarch ; roughly a third of the constitution describes the succession , mechanisms of accession and abdication to the throne , the roles and responsibilities of the monarch and the formalities of communication between the States-General of the Netherlands and the role of the monarch in the creation of laws . The Kingdom of the Netherlands has been an independent monarchy since 16 March 1815 , but its one-time sovereign provinces have intermittently been `` governed '' by members of the House of Orange-Nassau and the House of Nassau from 1559 to 1747 , since Philip II of Spain appointed William of Orange as stadtholder . William became the leader of the Dutch Revolt and the independent Dutch Republic . As stadtholder , he was followed by several of his descendants . In 1747 , the function of stadtholder became a hereditary position in all Provinces of the thus `` crowned '' Dutch Republic . The last stadtholder was William V. His son became the first king as William I.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "89ad66ce3ea7da33cdc3c7ce296624d9", "text": "Great Officers of the Realm The Great Officers of the Realm ( Swedish : De högre riksämbetsmännen ) were the five leading members of the Swedish Privy Council from the later parts of the 16th century to around 1680 . With the constitution of 1634 , the five officers became heads of five different branches of government ( Swedish : kollegium ) . The same constitution also declared that the great officers were to act as regents during the minorities of kings or regnal queens . All great officers of the realm were abolished by king Carl XI of Sweden . The Lord High Steward and the Lord High Chancellor offices were revived in the late 18th century , but were soon removed again .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cdbd82734225d47aec5eed230112171c", "text": "Dano-Swedish War (1657–58) The Dano-Swedish War of 1657 -- 58 was a conflict between Sweden and Denmark -- Norway during the Second Northern War . In 1657 , Charles X of Sweden and his Swedish army were bogged down in Poland . Frederick III of Denmark saw an opportunity to recover the territories lost in 1645 and attacked Sweden . The outbreak of war with Denmark provided Charles with an excuse to withdraw from the Polish campaign and move against Denmark . A harsh winter had forced the Dano-Norwegian fleet into port , and frozen the straits Great Belt and Little Belt . After entering Jutland from the south , a Swedish army of 7,000 battle-hardened veterans marched across the icy Little Belt onto the Danish island of Funen on 30 January 1658 . The Swedes captured the island of Funen within a few days and then , the islands of Langeland , Lolland , and Falster . The Swedish army continued to Zealand , threatening the Danish capital of Copenhagen . The rapid Swedish attack across the frozen Belts was completely unexpected ; Frederick III considered meeting the Swedish army in battle , but his advisors thought this was too risky and instead Denmark signed the very harsh Treaty of Roskilde on 26 February 1658 . Sweden had won its most prestigious victory , and Denmark-Norway had suffered its most costly defeat . Denmark-Norway yielded the Danish provinces of Scania , Halland , Blekinge and the island of Bornholm and the Norwegian provinces Bohuslen and Trondhjem len ( Trøndelag and Nordmøre ) to Sweden . Halland had already been under Swedish control since the signing of the Treaty of Brömsebro in 1645 , but it now became Swedish territory permanently .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bf6f0fa97768dde8719d83d2263ec88", "text": "Norway–Sweden relations Norway -- Sweden relations are foreign relations between Norway and Sweden . The countries have a very long history together . They were both part of the Kalmar Union between 1397 and 1523 . The countries established diplomatic relations in 1905 , after the dissolution of the union between them in 1905 . Sweden has an embassy in Oslo and 14 consulates , in Ålesund , Arendal , Bergen , Bodø , Hamar , Hammerfest , Kirkenes , Mandal , Moss , Narvik , Porsgrunn , Stavanger , Tromsø and Trondheim . Norway has an embassy in Stockholm and three consulates , in Gothenburg , Malmö and Sundsvall . Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Nordic Council . There are around 44,773 Swedes living in Norway and around 18,000 Norwegians living in Sweden .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47c0cffb322c4a623983e0d3bcf1cf59", "text": "Scandinavian Peninsula The Scandinavian Peninsula ( Skandinaviska halvön Den skandinaviske halvøy Skandinavian niemimaa ? Скандинавский полуостров , Skandinavsky poluostrov ) is a peninsula in Northern Europe , which generally comprises the mainland of Sweden , the mainland of Norway ( with the exception of a small coastal area bordering Russia ) , the northwestern area of Finland , as well as a narrow area in the west of the Pechengsky District of Russia . The name of the peninsula is derived from the term Scandinavia , the cultural region of Denmark , Norway and Sweden . That cultural name is in turn derived from the name of Scania , the region at the southern extremity of the peninsula which has during periods been part of Denmark , which is the ancestral home of the Danes , and which is now part of Sweden . The derived term `` Scandinavian '' also refers to the Germanic peoples who speak North Germanic languages , considered to be a dialect continuum derived from Old Norse . These modern North Germanic languages found in Scandinavia are Danish , Norwegian , and Swedish ; additionally Faroese and Icelandic belong to the same language group , but they are not part of the modern Scandinavian dialect continuum and are not intelligible with the other languages . The Scandinavian Peninsula is the largest peninsula of Europe , larger than the Balkan , the Iberian and the Italian peninsulas . During the Ice Ages , the sea level of the Atlantic Ocean dropped so much that the Baltic Sea , the Gulf of Bothnia and the Gulf of Finland disappeared , and the countries now surrounding them , including Germany , Poland , the other Baltic countries and Scandinavia , were directly joined by land .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "58b0886643d9ae423bbc45538108b971", "text": "Jane Lynch Jane Marie Lynch ( born July 14 , 1960 ) is an American actress , singer , and comedian . She is best known as Sue Sylvester on Glee . She also gained fame in Christopher Guest 's improv mockumentary pictures such as Best in Show . Lynch 's television cameos include an appearance in the Nickelodeon situation comedy iCarly and the Showtime dark comedy series Weeds . Lynch had a recurring role in the Warner Bros. situation comedy Two and a Half Men from 2004 to 2014 and was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for her performance in 2010 . She has also had other notable roles in numerous mainstream comedies , such as Talladega Nights : The Ballad of Ricky Bobby , The 40-Year-Old Virgin , Role Models and The Three Stooges . Her portrayal of Sue Sylvester in Glee has won numerous awards , including the Primetime Emmy Award , Golden Globe Award , Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series , TCA Award for Individual Achievement in Comedy , Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actress -- Series , Miniseries , or Television Film , and the People 's Choice Award for Favorite TV Comedy Actress . On September 4 , 2013 , Lynch received the 2,505 th star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in the category of television located at 6640 Hollywood Blvd. . Lynch has lent her voice to multiple animated films , including Space Chimps , Ice Age : Dawn of the Dinosaurs , Shrek Forever After and Wreck-It Ralph . Since 2013 , she has hosted the NBC game show Hollywood Game Night , for which she has won two Emmy Awards .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "849f7ac379fc386f8e4f81e9a5bd6633", "text": "Lynch (band) Lynch ( stylized as lynch . ) is a Japanese visual-kei metal band formed in 2004 . The band 's concept is `` uniting heavy music with beautiful melodies . '' As of 2016 , the group has released two EPs , nine albums , and 15 singles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d7e218fa44d73d4e3fcd15472abff9f", "text": "Entertainer of the Year Entertainer of the Year is the twenty-first studio album by American country music singer-songwriter , Loretta Lynn . It was released on February 26 , 1973 , by MCA Records . Entertainer of the Year was titled after Lynn received the `` Entertainer of the Year '' award from the Country Music Association the previous year , becoming the first woman to win that award . The one and only single from the album was released in late 1972 , `` Rated X '' . The song was a self-penned song by Lynn and peaked at # 1 on the Billboard country chart in 1973 , her first # 1 hit since 1971 , and became also one of her more controversial songs , describing the double-standard frequently endured by divorced women at the time . The album was Lynn 's first studio album of 1973 , and Lynn would end up releasing an additional two for the year . The album was very successful on the Billboard album charts , peaking at # 1 on the Top Country Albums chart , and did not chart on the Billboard 200 . The album became Lynn 's fourth album to top the Top Country Albums chart . The album was Lynn 's first released on the MCA Records label , after the Decca label was retired by the company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8744239062a9f96d182dc1e9d1ff5137", "text": "Entertainment Entertainment is a form of activity that holds the attention and interest of an audience , or gives pleasure and delight . It can be an idea or a task , but is more likely to be one of the activities or events that have developed over thousands of years specifically for the purpose of keeping an audience 's attention . Although people 's attention is held by different things , because individuals have different preferences in entertainment , most forms are recognisable and familiar . Storytelling , music , drama , dance , and different kinds of performance exist in all cultures , were supported in royal courts , developed into sophisticated forms and over time became available to all citizens . The process has been accelerated in modern times by an entertainment industry that records and sells entertainment products . Entertainment evolves and can be adapted to suit any scale , ranging from an individual who chooses a private entertainment from a now enormous array of pre-recorded products ; to a banquet adapted for two ; to any size or type of party , with appropriate music and dance ; to performances intended for thousands ; and even for a global audience . The experience of being entertained has come to be strongly associated with amusement , so that one common understanding of the idea is fun and laughter , although many entertainments have a serious purpose . This may be the case in the various forms of ceremony , celebration , religious festival , or satire for example . Hence , there is the possibility that what appears as entertainment may also be a means of achieving insight or intellectual growth . An important aspect of entertainment is the audience , which turns a private recreation or leisure activity into entertainment . The audience may have a passive role , as in the case of persons watching a play , opera , television show , or film ; or the audience role may be active , as in the case of games , where the participant/audience roles may be routinely reversed . Entertainment can be public or private , involving formal , scripted performance , as in the case of theatre or concerts ; or unscripted and spontaneous , as in the case of children 's games . Most forms of entertainment have persisted over many centuries , evolving due to changes in culture , technology , and fashion . Films and video games , for example , although they use newer media , continue to tell stories , present drama , and play music . Festivals devoted to music , film , or dance allow audiences to be entertained over a number of consecutive days . Some activities that were once considered entertaining , particularly public punishments , have been removed from the public arena . Others , such as fencing or archery , once necessary skills for some , have become serious sports and even professions for the participants , at the same time developing into entertainment with wider appeal for bigger audiences . In the same way , other necessary skills , such as cooking , have developed into performances among professionals , staged as global competitions and then broadcast for entertainment . What entertainment is for one group or individual may be regarded as work by another . The familiar forms of entertainment have the capacity to cross over different media and have demonstrated a seemingly unlimited potential for creative remix . This has ensured the continuity and longevity of many themes , images , and structures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e28be3f8e43306eeed39eb9fe3a3d63f", "text": "Katherine Lynch Katherine Lynch is an Irish television personality from County Leitrim . She has had several television series broadcast on RTÉ Two , with titles like Working Girls , Wonderwomen and Single Ladies . Lynch also participated as a bainisteoir in the second series of the RTÉ One 's Celebrity Bainisteoir . She is said to have established a following among the Irish gay community .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "36532fff5ad90cba2231e52b15da1b51", "text": "Jane Turpin Jane Turpin is a fictional girl character , created by Evadne Price . Most of these stories were published in The Novel Magazine and later compiled in a book form , in the period 1928 to 1947 ( roughly the end of World War II ) . Jane is often referred to as the `` female William '' , a reference to the Just William stories of Richmal Crompton which were very popular at the time . Jane was depicted as a young child with angelic looks and golden curls , whose looks often belied her intent . Jane was depicted to be of a tomboyish nature , rebelling against authority , and the books usually used situation comedy to generate humour . Jane uses a distinctive lingo . Among her trademark distinctive speech is the substitution of the word `` terrible '' by the distorted form `` terrable '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1de11f58ae5303fffae0cdaa06aef606", "text": "Carla Lynch Carla Jade Lynch ( born 19 May 1984 , Newcastle upon Tyne ) is a British comedian and model who plays the `` Scummy Mummy '' in Channel 4 's comedy show Balls of Steel . Carla got her first break in television as a presenter on Channel 4 's Whatever in 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47dbf0496f3b303ef46641ff2fac0442", "text": "Jim Gerald James Gerald ( 1 January 1891 -- 1971 ) was an Australia comedian , circus clown , acrobat , writer , director and troupe leader and filmmaker . He is generally regarded as one of the four leading post-World War I comedians to work the Australasian variety circuits , the others being Nat Phillips , Roy Rene , and George Wallace . Born at Darlington , Sydney , Gerald was the seventh son of Stephen Australia Fitzgerald , a tailor turned actor , and his wife Mary Ann , née Ingram . In his youth Jim played truant from school to watch acrobats practising on the sandhills behind Centennial Park , learned to tumble and haunted his uncles ' circus . Three of his brothers also went on the stage using the names ` Max Clifton ' , ` Lance Vane ' and ` Cliff Stevens ' . In 1898 his father apprenticed him to Oscar Pagel 's Circus . He subsequently travelled the world , including South Africa , Africa , the Far East and North America for around ten years . Back in Australia by 1908 , Gerald found employment with several circuses ; and as ` Diabolo ' was billed as the first man to loop the loop on a motorcycle . In 1910 he and two of his brothers , Lance Vane and Max Clifton , appeared in The Life and Adventures of John Vane , the Notorious Australian Bushranger . That film , also directed by his father , is now viewed as a significant landmark in Australian cinema history , being the first recorded involvement in narrative film production by Charles Cozens Spencer ( a leading figure in the early Australian film industry ) . Gerald 's `` move into variety entertainment began in 1912 when he toured with his father 's All Stars drama and vaudeville company as both comedian and acrobat . Although he soon afterwards signed with the Fullers ' Theatres vaudeville circuit Gerald was immediately leased to Stanley McKay for his touring pantomime company , and over the next five to six years appeared throughout Australia and New Zealand as a specialist pantomime dame Within a year of joining McKay 's company Gerald married Esther Patience Futcher , a 27-year-old actress known as ` Essie Jennings ' . The ceremony took place on 21 July 1913 at St Peter 's Anglican Church , Wellington , New Zealand , \\ . The two latter formed a highly popular knockabout comedy sketch act , appearing in sketches such as the `` The Actress and the Paperhanger '' and `` The new Recruit . '' Fitzgerald enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force on 5 May 1916 and served in Mesopotamia as a driver with the 1st Australian and New Zealand Wireless Signal Squadron . Discharged on 12 October 1918 , he returned to the Fullers ' circuit and was soon asked by ( Sir ) Benjamin Fuller to write and produce his own revue sketches . He had seen the funny side of soldiering in Mesopotamia and his act , ` The New Recruit ' , remained popular for years . Unlike his contemporaries Roy Rene and George Wallace , Gerald was ` unashamedly international ' in his work . Almost every Christmas he played the dame in pantomimes . He made some thirty silent films in the United States of America in 1928 , and was influenced by Charlie Chaplin whom he greatly admired . When the Fullers folded in 1933 , Gerald continued to play six-month seasons in Sydney and Melbourne under various managements . In 1935-36 he appeared in several revues at the Garrick Theatre , London , including Do n't Spare the Horses . Returning to Sydney , in May 1936 he featured in Shout for Joy . One critic wrote that he ` can not particularly sing nor does he know much about dancing , but he is undoubtedly a master of patter , of quick , well-timed delivery and retort ' . Gerald signed a contract with the Australian Broadcasting Commission in February 1939 ; he starred in ` Jim and Jitters ' with Jim Davidson 's A.B.C. Dance Band and conducted the Saturday ` After-Dinner Show ' . Next year he formed his own radio-production company . On 10 April 1941 Gerald was appointed honorary lieutenant colonel in the A.I.F. Placed in charge of the Entertainment Unit , he embarked for the Middle East on 1 September in the Queen Elizabeth . A shrewd organizer and an experienced producer , he gathered Davidson and his band , comedians , singers , jugglers , acrobats and trick cyclists , as well as backstage technicians , ` among them costume designers , seamstresses and electricians ' . At his headquarters at Tel Aviv , Palestine , he recruited a female chorus line . The first performance at Gaza of All in Fun was ` received with rapturous applause ' . Home again in October 1942 , Gerald transferred to the retired list on 31 December . He joined the Tivoli circuit and appeared in the revue , Stripped for Action ( 1943 ) . In 1951 he played the happy roué in Ladies ' Night in a Turkish Bath . He shared top billing with Wallace in Thanks for the Memory , at the Princess Theatre , Melbourne , in 1953 and toured for three years in that revue . He was ` as uproariously funny as ever though not as spry ' in The Good Old Days ( Sydney , 1957 ) . Next year he retired to St Kilda , Melbourne . Gerald enjoyed watching any kind of sport , but his passion was for motoring : he owned a succession of cars which he drove across America , through Europe , the Middle East and Britain , and all over Australia . After Essie 's death in 1969 , he moved into a home at Rosebud . He died there on 2 March 1971 and was cremated . ` Jim Gerald was probably best remembered for his versatility -- as a big-eared oaf in baggy pants and shapeless hat , as a seemingly rubber-boned and pathetically droll clown and as Australia 's greatest pantomime dame . '", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15c9406dbc4e3d7de479d8b0bab9e5d3", "text": "Jane Summerhays Jane Summerhays ( born October 11 , 1944 in Salt Lake City , Utah ) is an American actress known for her work on stage , screen , and film . Her television credits include guest roles on One Life to Live , All My Children , Tales from the Darkside , Working It Out , The Cosby Mysteries , New York News , Law & Order , Sex and the City , and Ed . Summerhays has also appeared in the 2001 film This Train in the role of Love and the 2005 film Backseat as the mother . Summerhays is probably best known for her stage work . She first appeared as a member of the ensemble in the national tour of Nash at Nine in 1975 . She next performed in the original 1976 Laurence Olivier Award winning London production of A Chorus Line as Sheila at the Drury Lane Theatre . In 1978 , Summerhays was cast as Lady Kay Wellington in the national touring production of Oh , Kay ! which included performances at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts . She then reprised the role the following year at the Royal Alexandra Theatre in Toronto . Later that year Summerhays made her Broadway debut , replacing Kelly Bishop , who originated the part on Broadway , as Sheila in A Chorus Line . In 1979 , she played the role of Jane in the Broadway production of Sugar Babies , replacing actress Ann Jillian who originated the part . Summerhays also was the understudy for the lead role of Ann in the production and got to perform the role on a few occasions . In 1980 , she played the roles of Zelda Fitzgerald and Sylvia Beach in the American Place Theatre 's production of Paris Lights . In 1981 , she performed in a production of Hey , Look Me Over ! at Avery Fisher Hall . In 1983 , Summerhays returned to the Broadway production of A Chorus Line to once again play Sheila . In 1984 , she appeared as Maria in On Approval at the Roundabout Theatre . In 1985 , she played Jane and was the understudy for Ann in the national company tour of Sugar Babies . In 1986 , Summerhays starred as Lady Jaqueline Carstone in the original Broadway production and Me and My Girl for which she received a Drama Desk Award and a Tony Award nomination . She remained with the production for three years . Over the next two decades Summerhays appeared in several more Broadway productions including the roles of Diana in Lend Me a Tenor , Elizabeth in Taking Steps , Cynthia in The Real Inspector Hound , the musical review Dream , Fritzie and Fraulein Kost in Cabaret , and Miss Madelaine True in The Wild Party . Summerhays also appeared in several Off-Broadway and regional theater productions including Sympathy Jones , Camila , Broadway Gypsies , Good News , and Promises , Promises .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25ca1c20d4c110b3fbfdd886f6a0bf0c", "text": "List of Saturday Night Live episodes Saturday Night Live ( SNL ) is a late-night sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels . It premiered on NBC , a terrestrial television network , on October 11 , 1975 under the title NBC 's Saturday Night . The show often satirizes contemporary American popular culture and politics . Saturday Night Live features a two-tiered cast : the repertory members , also known as the `` Not Ready for Prime-Time Players , '' and newer cast members , known as `` Featured Players . '' Each week , the show features a host , often a well-known celebrity , who delivers an opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast . A musical guest is also invited to perform several sets ( usually two , and occasionally more ) . Every so often a host or musical guest will fill both roles , such as was the case with Britney Spears in 2000 and 2002 , Jennifer Lopez in 2001 and 2010 , Justin Timberlake in 2003 , 2006 and 2013 , Taylor Swift in 2009 , Bruno Mars in 2012 , Lady Gaga in 2013 , Miley Cyrus in 2013 and 2015 , Drake in 2014 and 2016 , Blake Shelton in 2015 , and Ariana Grande in 2016 . With the exception of Season 7 and several other rare cases , the show has begun with a cold open that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming `` Live from New York , it 's Saturday Night ! '' Saturday Night Live is one of the longest running network programs in American television history , with over 800 episodes broadcast over the span of 42 seasons . A number of the show 's sketches have been developed into feature films , including The Blues Brothers , Wayne 's World , A Night at the Roxbury , Superstar , Coneheads , and MacGruber . Seasons 1 through 5 are available on DVD in Region 1 . Various Saturday Night Live sketches are available in several new media formats , including streaming on Hulu and Netflix . Selected sketches and segments are also available for purchase at the iTunes Store to download and playback on home computers and certain iPod and iPhone models .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "428ca9087256aa1b89a9aaa01ab384dc", "text": "Talking With... Talking With ... is a 1982 play by Jane Martin , published by Samuel French Incorporated . The play is composed of eleven ten-minute monologues , each featuring a different woman who talks about her life . The play includes the pieces , `` Fifteen Minutes , '' `` Scraps , '' `` Clear Glass Marbles , '' `` Audition , '' `` Rodeo , '' `` Twirler , '' `` Lamps , '' `` Handler , '' `` Dragons , '' `` French Fries , '' and `` Marks . '' It premiered at the Manhattan Theatre Club in New York in 1982 and has been performed around the world . The play deals with the personal ordeals of each of the female characters . Many of them are very touching ; a few are even intensely emotional . However , there is also the very comical . Even the funny ones , however , have an underlying depth to them that gives a sensitive insight into each of the characters involved.The ladies cover a wide spectrum of life and age from the fading rodeo star in `` Rodeo '' to the young aspiring actress in `` Audition '' , there is much tenderness and diversity in the subject matter involved in the play .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e9e175ca32071aa0cbb8d9c7ce0bcd54", "text": "American burlesque American burlesque is a genre of variety show . Derived from elements of Victorian burlesque , music hall and minstrel shows , burlesque shows in America became popular in the 1860s and evolved to feature ribald comedy ( lewd jokes ) and female striptease . By the early 20th century , burlesque in America was presented as a populist blend of satire , performance art , music hall , and adult entertainment , featuring striptease and broad comedy acts . The entertainment was presented often in cabarets and clubs , as well as music halls and theatres . Performers , usually female , often created elaborate tableaux with lush , colorful costumes , mood-appropriate music , and dramatic lighting ; novelty acts , such as fire breathing or contortionists , might be added to enhance the impact of their performance . The genre traditionally encompassed a variety of acts : in addition to the striptease artistes , there was some combination of chanson singers , comedians , mime artists , and dancing girls , all delivered in a satiric style with a saucy edge . The striptease element of burlesque became subject to extensive local legislation , leading to a theatrical form that titillated without falling afoul of censors . Burlesque gradually lost popularity beginning in the 1940s . A number of producers sought to capitalize on nostalgia for the entertainment by attempting to recreate the spirit of burlesque in Hollywood films from the 1930s to the 1960s . There has been a resurgence of interest in this format since the 1990s , and it inspired a 2010 musical film , Burlesque , starring Christina Aguilera and Cher .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "291527c3a5f1c9dbd467d67c957d0602", "text": "Theatre of Australia Theatre of Australia refers to the history of the performing arts in Australia , or produced by Australians . There are theatrical and dramatic aspects to a number of Indigenous Australian ceremonies such as the corroboree . During its colonial period , Australian theatrical arts were generally linked to the broader traditions of English literature and to British and Irish theatre . Australian literature and theatrical artists ( including Aboriginal as well as Anglo-Celtic and multicultural migrant Australians ) have over the last two centuries introduced the culture of Australia and the character of a new continent to the world stage . Individuals who have contributed to theatre in Australia and internationally include Sir Robert Helpmann , Dame Joan Sutherland , Barry Humphries , David Williamson , Cate Blanchett , Geoffrey Rush , Judy Davis , Jim Sharman , Tim Minchin and Baz Luhrmann . Notable theatrical institutions include the Sydney Opera House , and the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9753a9ed04b6a4d91429cab292be0b9", "text": "Jane Scott (theatre manager) Jane M. Scott ( 1779 -- 1839 ) was a British theatre manager , performer , and playwright . With her father , John Scott ( 1752 -- 1838 ) , Jane developed the Sans Pareil Theatre ( later named the Adelphi ) , where they offered music and light shows . They gathered a theatrical company and by 1809 the theatre was licensed for musical entertainments , pantomime , and burletta . Scott wrote more than fifty stage pieces in an array of genres : melodramas , pantomimes , farces , comic operettas , historical dramas , and adaptations , as well as translations . The Sans Pareil was significant in the move towards `` free '' theatre and away from the monopolies that dominated licensed theatre at the time . Jacky Bratton credits Scott 's role in London theatre : `` She had her finger on the pulse of a new world of entertainment for all , and her management of the theatre she created is important for its responsive and intelligent reading of the new audiences and the provision of exciting work for them to enjoy . '' Scott retired in 1819 and married John Davies Middleton ( 1790 -- 1867 ) . She lived in Surrey until her death , in 1839 , aged 59 or 60 , from breast cancer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d32660b3a7de6e8af04d62dbbaa5724e", "text": "Lady Jane Grey Preparing for Execution (painting) Lady Jane Grey Preparing for Execution is an 1835 oil painting by the American artist George Whiting Flagg which established his early fame . This fame was however to dwindle as a consequence of a decline in the role of historical painting in American art . It was originally meant to represent Mary , Queen of Scots , but Flagg decided to change it to Lady Jane Grey in mid-work . In a letter to Lumen Reed on June 16 , 1834 , he said : `` I have changed the name of my picture to Lady Jane Gray . I find that Mary was too old at the time of her exicution to make an interesting picture . '' A heroic Lady Jane , Protestant martyr , clad in royal purple , head held high , is blindfolded for execution by sympathetic executioners . Notably absent are any crucifixes , beads , medallions or other signs of `` popery '' distinguishing the religious life of Catholics from that of Protestants . The painting appears to show her being blindfolded indoors , in reality she was executed outdoors and would probably only have been blindfolded after she was led onto the scaffold .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a55af7a0b94ce496ceb778b2516f112", "text": "9 to 5 (film) 9 to 5 ( styled in the opening credits as Nine to Five ) is a 1980 American comedy film directed by Colin Higgins , written by Higgins and Patricia Resnick . It stars Jane Fonda , Lily Tomlin , Dolly Parton as three working women who live out their fantasies of getting even with , and their overthrow of , the company 's autocratic , `` sexist , egotistical , lying , hypocritical bigot '' boss , played by Dabney Coleman . The film grossed over $ 103.9 million and is the 20th highest-grossing comedy film . As a star vehicle for Parton -- already established as a successful singer and songwriter -- it launched her permanently into mainstream popular culture . Although a television series of the same name based on the film was less successful , a musical version of the film ( also titled 9 to 5 ) , with new songs written by Parton , opened on Broadway on April 30 , 2009 . 9 to 5 is number 74 on the American Film Institute 's `` 100 Funniest Movies '' and has an a 82 % approval rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da9ada30b2b321f2d6b9f59287e6268f", "text": "Ann Marie Lynch Ann Marie Lynch is an American-born producer and reporter residing in Los Angeles . Lynch worked for Traveling Light Media in Burbank , California , producing eight shows for the History Channel , A&E and Discovery Channel . Winning a Silver Telly for `` Secrets of the Black Box : Aloha Flight 243 '' . Lynch worked for IEC in Sports on several of the sports programs as a producer/reporter covering US based athletes . In 2007/2008 she covered US Olympians for a show called The Road to Beijing and produced and reported sports stories for the show Wide World of Sports . In 2005 Ann Marie was the co-producer on a film for The History Channel called The Long March . Lynch created and was executive producer and sole reporter of an online video news site called MMA Today and was asked to be on the first sanctioning body for the sport of Mixed Martial Arts ( MMA ) . MMAToday was a disruptor in the MMA market for online news at the time and garnered 6 million members in under three months . Lynch covered MMA and Boxing for AOL , ESPN Deportes Radio and NBC Sports . While at NBCSports.com Ann Marie Lynch received an Emmy Nomination for her work . Lynch wrote the July 2008 article on Cung Le for Fight Magazine and produced and reported stories on Gil Melendez , Josh Thomson , and Renato `` Babalu '' Sobral which made the homepage of www.nbcsports.com , `` I am a Fighter '' series . Lynch is originally from New York and played field hockey for Providence College , a Division I school in the Big East Division . Lynch advanced to the Olympic `` A '' camp in the US Olympic training system . Lynch began playing varsity sports in 7th grade and was a 2 time national champion in badminton doubles and mixed doubles and was a member of her high school badminton team , which was inducted into the Guinness Book of World Records for being the Most Successful Sports Team winning streak in sports history .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5fe466f636e18227b474b0d6ab8c6dc2", "text": "Gentleman Joe Gentleman Joe , The Hansom Cabbie is a farcical musical comedy with music by Walter Slaughter and a libretto by Basil Hood . The original production of the musical opened at the Prince of Wales 's Theatre on 2 March 1895 and ran for a very successful 391 performances despite a poor notice in The Saturday Review by Bernard Shaw that dismissed the score : `` The music , by Mr. Walter Slaughter , does not contain a single novel , or even passably fresh point , either in melody , harmony or orchestration . '' The show was written as a vehicle for the comedian Arthur Roberts . A short burlesque entitled A Trilby Triflet was introduced as part of Gentleman Joe a week after Looking for Trilby opened at the Haymarket Theatre . The Times newspaper praised Roberts for his imitation of Herbert Beerbohm Tree . The cast of Gentleman Joe also included Kitty Loftus as Emma and W. H. Denny as Pilkington Jones . A second company also presented the show in the British provinces beginning in 1895 . There was soon a Newark , New Jersey production in late 1895 at Miner 's Theatre and then the production transferred to the Fifth Avenue Theatre in New York City in January 1896 . An American production of Gentleman Joe also played at the Bijou Theatre in early 1896 featuring James T. Powers , Clara Wieland , and Flora Irwin . Songs interpolated include `` He Wanted Something to Play With '' ( sung by Powers ) and `` Honey does you love yer man ? '' sung by Flora Irwin in blackface . A few notices of the show indicate that new songs were interpolated with frequency . Gentleman Joe was Hood 's first full-scale musical comedy , and its success prompted him to leave the military to concentrate on his writing . Hood and Slaughter went on to write several more comedies together , including The French Maid in 1896 and another successful vehicle for Roberts , Dandy Dan , the Lifeguardsman in 1897 . Hood wrote several successful shows with other librettists , and his English versions of Viennese operettas , such as The Merry Widow , were very popular until World War I.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b948f0e666749fd080aaea5946da614", "text": "The Truth About Jane The Truth About Jane is a Lifetime Original Movie , directed by Lee Rose , that first aired on TV on August 7 , 2000 and stars Stockard Channing , Ellen Muth , Kelly Rowan Jenny O Hara and RuPaul ( credited under RuPaul Charles ) . It 's about a teenage girl named Jane ( Muth ) who struggles not only with her sexuality , but with a mother ( Channing ) who refuses to accept her . The film was nominated for several awards , including Outstanding TV Movie by GLAAD , Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Television Movie or Miniseries ( Channing ) Screen Actors Guild , and Original Long Form by WGA . The film ends with a dedication to Matthew Shepard and to `` all the men & women who love differently '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "130b8c7d67768a7a7e04ed98d6992cae", "text": "List of Jane the Virgin episodes Jane the Virgin is an American comedy-drama television series that premiered on The CW on October 13 , 2014 . The series follows Jane Villanueva , a hard-working , religious young Latina woman whose family tradition and a vow to save her virginity until marriage is shattered when a doctor mistakenly artificially inseminates her during a checkup . To make matters worse , the biological donor is a married man , a former playboy and cancer survivor who is not only the new owner of the hotel where Jane works , but was also her former teenage crush . On October 21 , 2014 , the show was given a full season order . On January 11 , 2015 , the show was renewed for a second season , On March 11 , 2016 , the show was renewed for a third season . On January 8 , 2017 , the show was renewed for a fourth season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "504018dd59ab77bedd87b20d17b7822e", "text": "Jane Shore (disambiguation) Jane Shore ( c. 1445 -- c. 1527 ) was the mistress of Edward IV of England . Jane Shore may also refer to : Jane Shore ( poet ) , American poet and professor of English The Tragedy of Jane Shore , a 1714 play by Nicholas Rowe based on the life of Jane Shore , the mistress of Edward IV Jane Shore ( 1911 film ) Jane Shore ( 1915 film ) , a British silent historical film adapted from the 1714 play The Tragedy of Jane Shore Jane Shore ( 1922 film )", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "14825d432ec089595d590530dffc5439", "text": "Princess Agents Princess Agents ( Chinese : 特工皇妃楚乔传 ) is a 2017 Chinese television series based on the novel 11 Chu Te Gong Huang Fei ( 11处特工皇妃 ) written by Xiao Xiang Dong Er . It stars Zanilia Zhao , Lin Gengxin and Shawn Dou . The series is scheduled to air on Hunan TV starting June 5 , 2017 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "3f6c24ae89f2bcb82390b9b67e1ad503", "text": "List of Final Fantasy media Final Fantasy is a series of role-playing video games developed and published by Square Enix ( formerly Square ) . Its first game premiered in Japan in 1987 , and Final Fantasy games have subsequently been localized for markets in North America , Europe and Australia , on nearly every video game console since its debut on the Nintendo Entertainment System . Final Fantasy is Square Enix 's most successful franchise , having sold over 97 million units worldwide to date . In addition to traditional role-playing games , the series includes tactical role-playing games , portable games , massively multiplayer online role-playing games , and games for mobile phones . Its popularity has placed it as the sixth-best-selling video game franchise , and the series has won multiple awards over the years . In addition to the 15 games released as part of the main ( numbered ) series and their many spin-offs and related titles , the Final Fantasy series has spawned many works in other media including anime , movies , novels and manga , and radio dramas . Final Fantasy : Unlimited , originally a stand-alone anime series , now has its own sub-franchise which includes video games . Many games , particularly the main series , have soundtrack album releases featuring their music in different arrangements . Square Enix has also consistently released companion books for its games which provide additional backstory and plot information , as well as detailed walkthroughs for the game . Since the announcement of Compilation of Final Fantasy VII , Square Enix has focused on `` polymorphic content '' , expanding each game world with material on many video game platforms , as well as other forms of media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d240c68e872993477d2925da90056511", "text": "Battle royal (gaming) Battle royal ( sometimes spelled as battle royale ) is a video game genre that blends the exploration and scavenging elements of a survival game with last man standing gameplay . The genre had early roots in survival games such as DayZ , in which players struggled alongside or against each other to obtain basic necessities to continue living in a persistent sandbox filled with various dangers . This led to the development of other games that lacked open-endedness in favor of focusing on hostile interactions between players to determine an eventual winner . One such game was the Battle Royale mod for ARMA 2 and 3 , which was inspired by the Japanese media franchise of the same name , and from which the genre also took its moniker . H1Z1 : King of the Kill became a popular standalone game , whose success was later followed by PlayerUnknown 's Battlegrounds .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "712d7ebcc2b6162c2e84fc46c00981cf", "text": "Disney Princess: Enchanted Journey Disney Princess : Enchanted Journey is a video game of the Disney Princess franchise , which was released for the PlayStation 2 , Wii and PC in 2007 . After long time PS2 released on PlayStation Network on February 15 , 2012 in Europe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04a05f61236f6c5137a6794d7fb1cdea", "text": "3D Dot Game Heroes is an action role-playing video game developed by Silicon Studio for the PlayStation 3 . The game is presented using 2D retro-style graphics in a voxel-based 3D environment . The game was published in Japan by FromSoftware in November 2009 , and in North America and Europe by Atlus USA and SouthPeak Games in May 2010 , respectively .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24323e788ba91ff6432f3a9d66e7d4a5", "text": "Keio Flying Squadron (series) is a series of video games developed by Victor Entertainment and released for the Sega/Mega CD , Sega Saturn , and Sony PlayStation consoles . The series consists of three games and one bonus disc , with each game being of different genre . The first is a side-scrolling shoot 'em up , the second a platformer , and finally a party game . Players take on the role of Rami Nana-Hikari , a 14-year-old girl who is the newly appointed Secret Keeper of Treasure , a sphere that unlocks a gold reserve set deep in a mountain . The games refer to Japanese culture , both ancient and modern simultaneously .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ea96a8a50eec8710d680775e3df01bd", "text": "List of Square Enix video game franchises Square Enix is a Japanese video game development and publishing company formed from the merger of video game developer Square and publisher Enix on April 1 , 2003 . The company is best known for its role-playing video game franchises , which include the Final Fantasy series , the Dragon Quest series , and the action role-playing Kingdom Hearts series . Since its inception , the company has developed or published hundreds of titles in various video game franchises on numerous gaming systems . Of its properties , the Final Fantasy franchise is the best-selling , with a total worldwide sales of over 110 million units . The Dragon Quest series has shipped over 66 million units worldwide and is one of the most popular video game series in Japan , while the Kingdom Hearts series has shipped over 22 million copies worldwide . Square Enix has owned Taito , which continues to publish its own video games , since September 2005 , and acquired game publisher Eidos Interactive in April 2009 , which was merged with Square Enix 's European publishing wing and renamed as Square Enix Europe . This list includes franchises in which Square Enix , or its original components Square and Enix , or its subsidiaries , were the primary developer or publisher , even if the series was begun prior to the subsidiary 's acquisition . Franchises are defined as any set of interconnected media consisting of more than one release , and video game franchises are defined as franchises which were initially created as a video game or series of video games . For a list of all individual games developed or published by Square Enix , see the list of Square Enix video games and mobile games . For games released before the merger , see the Square and Enix video games . For games released by Taito , both before and after the acquisition , see the list of Taito games , and for games published by Eidos prior to acquisition see the list of Eidos games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa49f3eb2aaa9e6098c2adc17e9a3584", "text": "List of Crystal Dynamics video games Crystal Dynamics is an American video game developer that was founded in 1992 by Judy Lang , Madaline Canepa and Dave Morris . Based in the San Francisco Bay Area , California , Crystal Dynamics was the first licensed developer for Panasonic 's original 3DO console , a gaming hardware platform founded by Kleiner Perkins . Their first release , Crash N Burn , was a launch game for the system and was included as a pack-in game with the console . The 3DO 's launch during the 1993 Christmas season was a commercial failure , severely damaging Crystal Dynamics ' software strategy . In 1994 , the company became a publisher for two new gaming platforms , the PlayStation and the Sega Saturn . The studio was acquired by Eidos Interactive , a British video game publisher , in 1998 . After Square Enix acquired Eidos in 2009 , Crystal Dynamics became a subsidiary of Square Enix . Crystal Dynamics is best known for developing the Legacy of Kain and Gex series . Although the first Legacy of Kain video game was developed by Silicon Knights , Crystal Dynamics gained the rights to the franchise in 1998 and developed four sequels between 1999 and 2003 . In 2003 , the studio took over the development of the best-selling Tomb Raider franchise after its original developer , Core Design , failed to gain critical or commercial success with their later games . Crystal Dynamics ' first Tomb Raider game , Tomb Raider : Legend , became a commercial success with 4.5 million copies sold as of February 2009 . Its sequel , Tomb Raider : Underworld , sold 2.6 million copies and became the first game the studio developed for the PlayStation 3 . Since 2003 , the studio has focused development on the Tomb Raider franchise with the help of other studios such as Buzz Monkey Software and Nixxes Software . Crystal Dynamics has developed five games in the series , encompassing two reboots of the franchise .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66a98bed67e2ee94262ecdeac842fb9f", "text": "Super Mario Bros.: Peach-Hime Kyushutsu Dai Sakusen! is a 1986 anime film based on the Super Mario Bros. video game . Directed by Masami Hata and produced by Masakatsu Suzuki and Tsunemasa Hatano , the plot centers on Mario and Luigi , who go on a quest to save Princess Peach from Bowser . It is notable for being the first movie based on a video game , predating the live-action Super Mario Bros. movie by seven years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "810f2b72555cb9ce5abc9cd04570751f", "text": "Dynasty Warriors: Godseekers is a tactical role-playing game being developed by Omega Force and published by Tecmo Koei . The game is a spinoff to the Dynasty Warriors series of video games that focuses less on action , and more strategy , similar to prior spinoff Dynasty Tactics . The game will be released on the PlayStation Vita and PlayStation 4 video game consoles in the West , with a PlayStation 3 port existing only in Japan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3cc54155081e28a54edd6bdd838d430", "text": "Ninja Gaiden II: The Dark Sword of Chaos Ninja Gaiden II : The Dark Sword of Chaos , known in Japan as and as Shadow Warriors II : The Dark Sword of Chaos in Europe ( alternatively known as Shadow Warriors II : Ninja Gaiden II ) , is a side-scrolling platforming video game developed and published by Tecmo for the Nintendo Entertainment System ( NES ) . This is the second installment in the Ninja Gaiden trilogy for the NES and it was released in Japan on , in North America in May 1990 , and in Europe on . The game was later released for the Commodore Amiga and DOS-based PCs by GameTek in 1991 . It was then released for the Virtual Console North America service on for the Wii and on for the Nintendo 3DS . The events in Ninja Gaiden II take place one year after the events in the first Ninja Gaiden game . It is about an evil emperor named Ashtar who , after hearing of Jaquio 's defeat , devises a plan to take over the world and engulf it in darkness through an evil sword called the Dark Sword of Chaos . A U.S. Army agent named Robert T. Sturgeon recruits the game 's protagonist Ryu Hayabusa and tells him that he is the only person who can stop him . The game received positive praise in previews from Electronic Gaming Monthly and Nintendo Power and continued to receive high ratings and coverage , being nominated for several awards from Nintendo Power in 1991 . Overall , reviewers have said that visuals and controls of Ninja Gaiden II improved over its predecessor while maintaining a high level of difficulty for players ; the game was criticized for having a more generic and predictable plot . The game maintains lasting appeal among players , with one reviewer saying that Ninja Gaiden II is `` a challenging experience the likes of which gamers in the 8-bit era lived and died for '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "703ef5204911adbe8637d9673bc39ea1", "text": "Princess Natasha Princess Natasha is a flash cartoon that was developed by Larry Schwarz for AOL Kids . The episodes were released between 2003 and 2006 and total 44 episodes overall , each running between 6 and 12 minutes apiece . The series follows the title character of Natasha , a princess of the fictional country of Zoravia . She must attend school in the United States , but without divulging that she is a princess or a spy . The show has been featured on Cartoon Network , ABC Kids , and included products such as a game adaptation through Nintendo and a line of chapter books . Episodes of Princess Natasha were released on DVD in 2006 and plans were announced to create a line of bedding products featuring the character .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2492491aa92f2d710c9445d26e7d0331", "text": "Wizards & Warriors Wizards & Warriors is a platforming video game developed by Rare for the Nintendo Entertainment System ( NES ) . It was published by Acclaim and released in North America in December 1987 and in Europe on January 7 , 1990 . It was also released in Japan by Jaleco on July 15 , 1988 , under the title . In the game , players control Kuros , the `` Knight Warrior of the Books of Excalibur '' , as he sets out in the Kingdom of Elrond to defeat the evil wizard Malkil , who holds the princess captive in Castle IronSpire , located deep within Elrond 's forests . During the game , players make their way through forests , tunnels , and caves , battling hordes of enemies and collecting treasure , magical items , and additional weaponry to get past the obstacles and hazards that lie in their path . It was Rare 's second game released for the NES , after Slalom . Wizards & Warriors was featured in early video gaming magazines such as Nintendo Fun Club News , Nintendo Power , and VideoGames & Computer Entertainment in 1988 and 1989 . The main characters Kuros and Malkil would make appearances in the animated series The Power Team ( part of the TV video game reviewing show Video Power ) and Captain N : The Game Master . The game would also be novelized for the Worlds of Power series of NES game adaptations , created by Seth Godin . It received general praise for its graphics , sound , difficulty , and arcade-style gameplay . Criticisms include the presence of unlimited continues , which allow players to restart the game right where they previously left off while retaining all items that were collected before . Retro Gamer called Wizards & Warriors `` a unique experience for NES gamers in 1987 , and technically well ahead of other games for the console at the time '' . The game also spawned three sequels : Ironsword : Wizards & Warriors II , Wizards & Warriors III : Kuros : Visions of Power and Wizards & Warriors X : The Fortress of Fear .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a82a7dd5a9f48cf05faa021a86f52745", "text": "Cyber Troopers Virtual-On Marz is an 3D Mecha action-adventure game which was first released on the PlayStation 2 in North America and Japan , with no European release . Marz is designed on the basic gameplay rules of Virtual-On Force , and uses most of the assets from Force , ranging from the stages down to the Virtuaroids . It can be considered a spiritual home console version of the 4-player Force . Marz was not well received , bringing many negative responses from reviewers and players alike . Some stores in North America , expecting poor sales , only sold the game to those who reserved it . The game was re-released on the PlayStation 3 in Japan on March 21 , 2013 to commemorate the game 's tenth anniversary .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3987a7782c31d574697808a8ae55a4f", "text": "Grandia (video game) Grandia is a role-playing video game , developed by Game Arts and published by ESP Software for the Sega Saturn console as the first game in their Grandia series . Initially released in Japan in 1997 , the game was later ported to the PlayStation in 1999 , with an English version of the game appearing on the platform in North America in the following September by Sony Computer Entertainment , and later in Europe in 2000 by Ubisoft . The game was produced by much of the same staff who worked on the company 's previous role-playing endeavor , the Lunar series , including producer Yoichi Miyagi and music composer Noriyuki Iwadare . Since its release , Grandia has become notable for its combat mechanics which have been carried over to future games within the franchise , and has spawned two spin-off titles - Grandia : Digital Museum and Grandia : Parallel Trippers - both released exclusively in Japan . In celebration of the announcement of renewing development on Grandia Online , which acts as a prequel to Grandia , the game was re-released on Sony 's PlayStation Network platform in Japan as a downloadable title on April 22 , 2009 and in North America on February 25 , 2010 . It was re-released in Europe on November 10 , 2010 . The game is set in a fantasy world of emerging technology and exploration . A young boy named Justin inherits a magic stone that leads him on a journey around the world to uncover the mystery of a long-lost civilization . Along the way , he meets other adventurers who join him on his quest , which draws the attention of the militaristic Garlyle Forces who seek to uncover the secrets of the past as well . Grandia received a largely positive critical response during its original release , and was voted by readers of Japan 's highly circulated Famitsu magazine as the 73rd greatest game of all time in a 2006 poll .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a1994eccf8962071e7e4448549c7816", "text": "Zeliard is a platform-action RPG video game developed for the NEC PC-8801 and published by Game Arts in 1987 in Japan , and re-published for MS-DOS PCs in 1990 by Sierra Entertainment in Europe and North America . In Zeliard , the player controls the knight Duke Garland , whose task is to save the Kingdom of Zeliard by destroying the evil overlord Jashiin , and recovering the Nine Tears of Esmesanti , magic jewels .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9598f666c5f7a1250a375d38be87521", "text": "Final Fantasy XIII is a science fiction role-playing video game developed and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles and later for the Microsoft Windows operating system . Released in Japan in December 2009 and worldwide in March 2010 , it is the thirteenth title in the mainline Final Fantasy series . The game includes fast-paced combat , a new system for the series for determining which abilities are developed for the characters called `` Crystarium '' , and a customizable `` Paradigm '' system to control which abilities are used by the characters . Final Fantasy XIII includes elements from the previous games in the series , such as summoned monsters , chocobos , and airships . The game takes place in the fictional floating world of Cocoon , whose government , the Sanctum , is ordering a purge of civilians who have supposedly come into contact with Pulse , the much-feared world below . The former soldier Lightning begins her fight against the government in order to save her sister who has been branded as an unwilling servant to a god-like being from Pulse , making her an enemy of Cocoon . Lightning is soon joined by a band of allies , and together the group also become marked by the same Pulse creature . They rally against the Sanctum while trying to discover their assigned task and whether they can avoid being turned into monsters or crystals at the completion . Development began in 2004 , and the game was first announced at Electronic Entertainment Expo ( E3 ) 2006 . Final Fantasy XIII is the flagship title of the Fabula Nova Crystallis collection of Final Fantasy games and is the first game to use Square Enix 's Crystal Tools engine . Final Fantasy XIII received mostly positive reviews from video game publications , which praised the game 's graphics , presentation , and battle system . The game 's story received a mixed response from reviewers , and its linearity compared to previous games in the series was mostly criticized . Selling 1.7 million copies in Japan in 2009 , Final Fantasy XIII became the fastest-selling title in the history of the series . As of January 2013 , the game has sold over 6.6 million copies worldwide . The Microsoft Windows version has sold over 700,000 copies according to SteamSpy . A sequel , titled Final Fantasy XIII-2 , was released in December 2011 in Japan and in February 2012 in North America and PAL regions . A second sequel , titled Lightning Returns : Final Fantasy XIII , which concludes Lightning 's story and the Final Fantasy XIII saga , was released in November 2013 in Japan and in February 2014 in North America and PAL regions . In September 2014 , Square Enix announced the Final Fantasy XIII series has been widely successful and has shipped over 11 million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37d1061147008c828f1975ed0de70991", "text": "Rule of Rose Rule of Rose is a survival horror video game developed by Punchline for the PlayStation 2 . It was first released in 2006 by Sony Computer Entertainment in Japan . After Sony Computer Entertainment 's American and European branch did not express interest in localizing the title , it was published later that year by Atlus USA in North America and by 505 Games in Europe . Set in England in 1930 , the plot revolves around a nineteen-year-old woman named Jennifer , who becomes trapped in a world ruled by young girls who have established a class hierarchy called the Red Crayon Aristocrats . Development on Rule of Rose began after Punchline was asked by Sony Computer Entertainment to make a horror game . Punchline wanted to develop a `` new type of horror game '' with an emphasis on psychological horror . This decision led to the concept of childhood , specifically the `` mysterious and misunderstood '' nature of young girls . The team drew inspiration from the classic Brothers Grimm fairy tales for the narrative , and the Silent Hill series for graphics and art style . The entire score was produced by studio musicians in order to bring a human element to the game 's atmosphere . Rule of Rose received significant controversy before release due to its use of violence and implied sexuality among some of its underage , female characters . Various European authorities condemned the game and called for its banning . The game was cancelled in the United Kingdom , despite the Video Standards Council calling the complaints `` nonsense . '' Rule of Rose received mixed reviews from many publications ; reactions to the story , music , and horror elements were almost universally positive , while the gameplay was panned . The game has been compared to Silent Hill and Haunting Ground , due to the psychological horror used throughout and because the main character is accompanied by a canine companion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d0498c8a47de6cf7641a95a51b8f115", "text": "Pokémon (video game series) Pokémon is a series of video games developed by Game Freak and Creatures Inc. and published by Nintendo as part of the Pokémon media franchise . First released in 1996 in Japan for the Game Boy , the main series of role-playing video games ( RPGs ) has continued on each generation of Nintendo 's handhelds . The games are commonly released in pairs -- each with slight variations -- with an enhanced remake of the games usually released a few years after the original versions . While the main series consists of role-playing games , spinoffs encompass other genres , such as action role-playing , puzzle , and digital pet games . , more than 279 million Pokémon games have been sold worldwide , more than 200 million of which from the main series . This makes Pokémon the third best-selling video game franchise , behind Nintendo 's own Mario franchise and the Tetris series of block puzzle games . The franchise 's mascot is Pikachu .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ffc8ce79f10f62c6e3a2c2363f341a9a", "text": "E.X. Troopers , stylized as E.X. Tr ∞ pers , is a third-person shooter video game developed and published by Capcom for Nintendo 3DS and PlayStation 3 . The game was released exclusively in Japan to retail customers on November 22 , 2012 and later on Nintendo eShop and PlayStation Network on January 24 , 2013 . It is a spin-off of the Lost Planet series which Capcom describes as , rather than like prior console instalments or Lost Planet 3 's .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0bafe8b0f525da610a600d3c7ffecc00", "text": "Final Fantasy Adventure Final Fantasy Adventure , originally released in Japan as ( Holy Sword Legend : Final Fantasy Side Story ) , and later released in Europe as Mystic Quest , is a Final Fantasy spinoff and the first game in the Mana series . Published by Square in 1991 on the Game Boy , it saw a North American re-release by Sunsoft in April 1998 . Originally being developed under the name Gemma Knights , features gameplay roughly similar to that of the original The Legend of Zelda , but with the addition of role-playing statistical elements . Along with Final Fantasy Mystic Quest , Final Fantasy Adventure was the first Final Fantasy game to be released in Europe . A remake , Sword of Mana , was released in 2003 changing the plot and many gameplay aspects . A second remake was released on mobile phones in Japan which improved the graphics and music of the original version . A third remake , Adventures of Mana , was released for iOS , Android , and PlayStation Vita on February 4 , 2016 . The story follows the hero and the young heroine as they attempt to thwart the Dark Lord of Glaive and his sorcerer assistant , Julius , from destroying the Tree of Mana and dooming their world . The game was released with many familiar elements of the Final Fantasy series , such as Chocobos , but these were later changed to feature common enemies and the gameplay style of the Mana series . Final Fantasy Adventure was met with generally positive reviews at the time of its release . Over the course of time , reviewers have considered it one of the best action adventure games on the Game Boy . The game also spawned an entirely new game series , called the Mana series , which became a successful video game role-playing franchise .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "dd991db2cbd899d6eae1cdecd1e9b738", "text": "Chris Evans (presenter) Christopher James `` Chris '' Evans ( born 1 April 1966 ) is an English presenter , businessman and producer for radio and television . He started his broadcasting career working for Piccadilly Radio , Manchester , as a teenager , before moving to London as a presenter for the BBC 's Greater London Radio and then Channel 4 television , where The Big Breakfast made him a star . Soon he was able to dictate highly favourable terms , allowing him to broadcast on competing radio and TV stations . Slots like the Radio 1 Breakfast Show and TFI Friday provided a mix of celebrity interviews , music and comic games , delivered in an irreverent style that attracted high ratings , though often also generated significant numbers of complaints . By 2000 he was the UK 's highest paid entertainer , according to the Sunday Times Rich List . In 2005 , he started a new career on BBC Radio 2 , hosting the long-running Drivetime programme , before moving in 2010 to host The Chris Evans Breakfast Show every weekday morning . He previously presented The One Show on Fridays between 2010 and 2015 . In 2015 , he signed a three-year deal to lead a new Top Gear line-up . On 23 June 2015 it was confirmed that TFI Friday would return for its seventh series with eight episodes in December 2015 . Evans confirmed that he would also return to present it . It was then revealed that the BBC Top Gear team told Evans he would have to leave TFI Friday after the upcoming series if he intended to stay with Top Gear . On 4 July 2016 Evans announced that he would be stepping down as presenter of Top Gear . As of 2017 he continues to present the popular BBC Radio 2 Breakfast Show .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d63eda468a36eb1d38092eeafdce42dd", "text": "Chris Hill (DJ) Chris Hill is a British disc jockey . He worked at the club Lacy Lady in Ilford , as well as at the Goldmine Canvey Island . He was the head of the ` Soul Mafia ' in London and the South East of England into the early 1980s . In 1975 he released a `` break-in '' novelty record , in the style of Dickie Goodman , called `` Renta Santa '' , which became a hit single in the UK during the Christmas season . The record peaked at # 10 on the UK Singles Chart in December of that year . The following year , he released `` Bionic Santa '' , cut in a similar style ; this record also peaked at # 10 in December 1976 . Both tracks , which included snippets of other hits of the time , were released by Philips Records . During the '70s working with Havering council he promoted a series of concerts at the Upminster New Windmill Hall , although a very small venue he attracted acts like Thin Lizzy , Roxy Music and The Pretenders . Roxy Music had just released Virginia Plain and their performance coincided with it climbing the charts . Chris was keen to use local bands as support including Castle farm and After the Fire who went on to become moderately successful in the United States . His final release , `` Disco Santa '' , again in the same style , at Christmas 1978 , failed to chart . Hill remains a DJ and until 2011 ran the Lacy Lady in Ilford . Hill also has a major involvement in the Caister Soul Weekenders with his longtime event collaborator and music promoter Brian Rix . Having completed a second stint back on Canvey 's Goldmine in the early 80 's , Chris decided to quit the club scene in 1985 and concentrate on his Ensign duties with a young Irish singer called Sinead O Connor whom he had recently discovered . In 1987 he was offered a weekend job in Hamburg on Radio 107 and created the enormously successful SoulBeat , which made him a huge celebrity in Germany . When Sineads worldwide hit `` Nothing Compares to U '' happened in 1989 , Chris looked set for a quiet retirement from club life , until fellow DJ Gary Dennis suggested he return to his old Essex roots . Re-opening The Lacy Lady at The Kings , Ilford , they set about rebuilding a scene that had all but collapsed under the attack of rave , house and every other dance craze .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47eb02b306221bd80b0ac0cb949e5d9d", "text": "Christopher Evans (outlaw) Christopher `` Chris '' Evans ( February 19 , 1847 -- February 9 , 1917 ) , a native of Bells Corners near Ottawa , Canada , was an American farmer and teamster turned outlaw . Evans was accused of robbing the Southern Pacific Railroad in California between 1889 and 1892 . After killing a member of a posse outside his home on the outskirts of Visalia , he fled to the Sierra Nevada mountains with his younger partner , John Sontag . While Evans and Sontag hid out , writers Ambrose Bierce and Joaquin Miller championed their cause in the San Francisco Examiner . The outlaws evaded capture for ten months . They had a shootout with a posse at the Young cabin which resulted in the death of Wilson , the posse leader , and McGinnis , a former friend of Chris Evans . Later , John Sontag was mortally wounded in what is called the Battle of Stone Corral . Evans was himself severely wounded at Stone Corral , having lost an eye and his left arm . He was taken into custody and convicted of murder and sentenced to life in Folsom State Prison in Folsom , California . John Sontag 's younger brother , George Contant , testified against Evans and hence acquired the lifelong hatred of Evans ' family . After Evans served for seventeen years at Folsom , he was paroled in 1911 by Governor Hiram Johnson , a liberal Republican , who had been elected on an anti-Southern Pacific campaign theme . Banished from California , he died in Portland , Oregon , in 1917 , denying to the end that he had ever robbed a train and continuing to assert that he had killed only in self-defense . He also wrote a socialist book which calls for expanded government to check what he viewed as the abuses of the business community . Evans is interred in Portland at Mount Calvary Cemetery . An accomplice to the Evans-Sontag Gang was Ed Morrell , who served fourteen years total in Folsom and San Quentin . Championed by author Jack London , Morrell was pardoned in 1908 and thereafter became a well-known advocate for prison reform . Morris Ankrum and John Smith portrayed Evans and Sontag , respectively , in an episode of the 1955 syndicated television series Stories of the Century , starring and hosted by Jim Davis . Jimmie Dodd of The Mickey Mouse Club appears as a deputy in this episode .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bb16b5d587d68fec6f33d8a22715133", "text": "Ridge Hill transmitting station The Ridge Hill transmitting station is a broadcasting and telecommunications facility located 8.5 miles SE of Hereford in Herefordshire , and close to the border of Gloucestershire . The station transmits the full complement of digital terrestrial multiplexes and an additional ITV West Multiplex . It includes a cable stayed steel lattice mast which has a height of 164.6 m , which in addition to the altitude of the site gives an aerial height of 363 m above mean sea level . Ridge Hill supplies its signal to 17 relays which allow coverage into `` fringe '' areas not able to receive a good signal from the main transmitter . All 5 analogue programme channels were broadcast plus the full 6 digital MUXES although the multiplexes were scattered across the band requiring a wideband aerial for most consumers . Digital switchover was completed on 20 April 2011 where all multiplexes are now located in the Group A antenna band . In addition to its television output Ridge Hill transmits various radio stations including BBC Hereford and Worcester . The station covers the south west Midlands , including Herefordshire , and parts of Worcestershire . It also covers parts of the South West , specifically northern Gloucestershire . It does not , however , transmit BBC local programmes for Gloucestershire . These are covered by the Mendip transmitter which can not be seen from the Gloucester/Cheltenham area . From 4 December 2006 Ridge Hill broadcast ITV1 West on UHF channel 30 ( rebroadcasting the signal from Mendip ) in addition to the existing ITV1 Central service on channel 25 . This is known as `` Ridge Hill West '' . This followed the restructuring of ITV Regional News and the abolition of the Central South region . As a result , the existing ITV1 Central service now carries news from the West Midlands region , with the new West service being provided for viewers in the south east of the service area in areas such as Gloucester and Cheltenham , which are editorially more closely linked to the west country . This change effectively united ITV coverage for Gloucestershire , as the southern half of the county has always been covered by Mendip and its relays . Since the digital switchover , an extra Digital 3 & 4 multiplex for ITV1 West has been broadcast on UHF 29 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8472b5346daa1ca9f7dcf67bd4731bcf", "text": "City Tower, Manchester City Tower ( formerly Sunley House ) is a 30-storey skyscraper situated in the Piccadilly Gardens area of Manchester , England . It is one of the highest office spaces currently available in Manchester , standing 107 metres ( 351 ft ) tall . City Tower was completed in 1965 , one of three buildings forming the Piccadilly Plaza complex which was constructed by the developers Bernard Sunley & Sons and designed by Covell , Matthews & Partners , 1959-65 . It is currently the fourth tallest building in Manchester . The Tower has retail and leisure units on the ground floor and is Manchester 's main radio transmitting station , which is located on the roof . The developer Bruntwood sold City Tower to the asset management company Schroders for # 132 million in 2014 but kept their headquarters in the building . The Piccadilly Plaza was remodelled by Leslie Jones Architects in 2001-02 . City Tower stands at right angles to Piccadilly and the north-facing wall is covered with designs based on circuit boards . In the remodeling the building to the west of City Tower , Eagle Star House , was replaced by a building whose roofs are a pale echo of the swooping roofs of the original .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0fbaadfc2b1e43f268d984d01c228d75", "text": "The Atkinson People The Atkinson People is a 1979 BBC radio comedy series . The series , which was first broadcast sporadically in 1979 by the BBC 's arts radio station Radio 3 , features a satirical profile of a fictional famous person each week . It is notable as being the first radio or television programme to star comedian and actor Rowan Atkinson . The programme was co-written by Atkinson and Richard Curtis and produced by future Not the Nine O'Clock News co-star Griff Rhys Jones , then a BBC Radio Comedy producer . In most cases , Atkinson played the lead characters , with other voices provided by Hugh Thomas and Peter Wilson . Following the precedent set by The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy , the series was also an early adopter of stereophonic sound ; it was recorded in 1978 , and broadcast in 1979 . The series has been repeated on BBC Radio 7 and its successor BBC Radio 4 Extra , and was picked by Armando Iannucci during his stint as `` comedy controller '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e2c89edcdc6500f5a999c2597bb5536", "text": "Paul Chantler Paul Chantler ( born 12 October 1959 ) is a radio programming consultant based in the United Kingdom . He has been involved in the radio industry for more than 30 years as a journalist , presenter , producer and programmer . He is currently runs his own successful radio programming and consultancy company and works with clients in the UK , Ireland , Europe and India . While senior partner at United Radio in London , he worked with companies including GMG Radio , Absolute Radio , Emap Radio , UTV Radio , Premier Christian Radio and the RadioCentre in the UK , Communicorp in Ireland and Europe , and Radio City in India . He has also worked for Macquarie in Australia and Emmis in the United States . Major assignments have included working for GMG Radio on their Smooth Radio brand as well as work on projects with radio groups in India . He founded a startup company in 2011 called Radio Ideas Bank which helps radio sales people find contest and promotional ideas to sell to their clients . It has registered users and subscribers in more than 30 countries . Chantler is co-author with Peter Stewart of the textbook Essential Radio Journalism published in June 2009 by A&C Black . The Foreword is written by Jon Snow of Channel 4 News who started his career in radio . The book started life in 1992 as Local Radio Journalism , co-authored by Sim Harris . Its successor Basic Radio Journalism , was published by Focal Press ( a division of Elsevier ) in 2002 . It became a best-seller and was translated into Spanish , Italian , Portuguese and Russian . Chantler is an acknowledged expert in media law and compliance and has co-written two books about media law with Paul Hollins . The first , Hang The DJ ? ( A radio presenter 's guide to the law ) was published in 2011 . The second called Twibel ( A guide to libel and contempt for Tweeters , Facebookers and Bloggers ) was published in 2012 . He is co-founder and a shareholder in Fix Radio , a London DAB radio station aimed at tradespeople and builders , due to go on air in April 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4673c6e36eadff3dc0118b1e9f327043", "text": "Top Gear (series 23) The twenty-third series of Top Gear was aired during 2016 on BBC Two and consisted of six episodes , beginning on 29 May and concluding on 3 July ; it was planned to feature ten episodes , but this was revised following concerns the series would conflict with the two major sporting events of Summer 2016 , despite the fact it was broadcast alongside UEFA Euro 2016 tournament . Following the departure of Jeremy Clarkson , Richard Hammond and James May , this series featured a new hosting line-up that consisted of Chris Evans , Matt LeBlanc , Sabine Schmitz , Chris Harris , Rory Reid and Eddie Jordan ; regular unnamed driver The Stig was the only part of the former line-up not to leave . While the format received only minor changes , the studio at Dunsfold was redesigned and the Top Gear Test Track received a brand new rallycross circuit to co-exist alongside it , complete with a brand new car for celebrities -- a Mini Rallycross Car , which replaced the Vauxhall Astra Tech Line . A brand new spin-off show was also created , entitled Extra Gear , which was broadcast on online channel BBC Three , and had the same number of episodes with each airing immediately after each episode of Series 23 . The series received a high amount of negative feedback before and during its broadcast ; while some was positive , the main criticisms were aimed towards presenter Chris Evans and the number of minor changes that had been made to the show . Viewing figures for the series were also not favourable after the first episode , with the final episode drawing in the lowest overnight viewing figures ever in the show 's history . A day after the finale was broadcast , Evans announced his resignation from the show on 4 July 2016 , feeling he had done his best but that it had not been good enough for viewers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8bdb250ed519202f99070a828f92e14", "text": "Chuck Evans (basketball) Charles `` Chuck '' Lee Evans ( born December 12 , 1971 ) is a retired American professional basketball player , and former coach of British team Worcester Wolves . Evans was born in Atlanta , Georgia . A 1.80 m tall point guard , he led the 1994-95 Euroleague in assists with 6.2 per game . At the time he was playing for Russian club CSKA Moscow . Later he played in Germany with the Bayer Giants Leverkusen and Alba Berlin . In 2007 , he signed for British Basketball League side Worcester Wolves , joining the club at the same time as fellow Americans James Life and Anthony Paez . As starting point guard that year , he recorded two triple doubles , in back-to-back home games , and was widely thought of as the best creative point guard in the BBL and received an honourable mention for Player of the Month in March 2008 . At the end of the season , he moved to rival BBL side Everton Tigers , for whom he played for one season before returning to coach Worcester Wolves . He is also writing a regular column for the local newspaper , the Worcester Evening News .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ac825321e62d227dbd8faa54eaa6202", "text": "At Christmas (song) `` At Christmas '' is a song by Australian recording artist Kylie Minogue , from the 2016 Snow Queen Edition of her thirteenth studio album , Kylie Christmas ( 2015 ) . The song was released on 22 November 2016 by Parlophone . It serves as the lead single from the reissue , and premiered on The Chris Evans Breakfast Show on BBC Radio 2 . The song became BBC Radio 2 's Record of the Week .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3ae3118e5dfaea374c47d2f81413182", "text": "Chris Page Chris Page is a radio presenter , currently with Triple M Sydney . Page originally worked for NXFM announcer and then moved to SAFM . On 6 December 2009 Page moved to Sydney 's 2DayFM , following the top rated Kyle and Jackie O breakfast program . Page has filled in for the duo . Page hosted the national chart show Hot30 Countdown across the Austereo Network . He and co-host Charli Delaney debuted on 15 March 2010 after successfully filling in for the regular hosts as well as a temporary nighttime show on both the FOX and 2dayFM from August to November 2009 . This led them to host a new Saturday night program entitled Party People , which began broadcasting in December 2009 and was heard nationally . In 2011 , Chris joined Triple M Sydney 's Grill Team .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c0c075bc90aa5edd495531124a950f5", "text": "Youthcomm Radio 106.7 Youthcomm Radio is a youth community radio station , licensed by Ofcom , broadcasting to Worcester , England , on 106.7 FM . The station officially launched on FM on Sunday 13 January 2008 after running online for seven years . Youthcomm was established in 1996 and is operated ` by Young People for Young People ' . Young people are integral in delivering , running and developing the station . Youthcomm broadcasts from studios in St Johns in Worcester . Youthcomm run and participate in local events such as the annual `` Minifest '' festival . Youthcomm Radio shows include the breakfast show ` Liam Cash In The Morning ' every weekday , whilst the station trains and gives airtime to young people in the Worcester area with their evening output . The tagline for Youthcomm is ` Worcester 's More Music Station ' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "91ec5c2bd8324bf5d022032e93d051bb", "text": "Pete Drummond Pete Drummond ( born 29 July 1943 ) is a British voice artist and former BBC and pirate radio disc jockey and announcer . He was born in Bangor , Wales , and as a child lived in Australia and France , before attending Millfield School alongside later BBC Radio 1 colleague Tony Blackburn . He trained as an actor and toured the US , where he realised that , following the `` British Invasion '' , English accents were in demand on radio stations . He worked as an announcer in Wichita and Topeka , Kansas , before returning to Britain in 1966 . He then joined the staff of pirate station Radio London , where he had his own shows during the station 's final months on air . He joined Radio 1 from its start in September 1967 , and , as someone who was seen as both avant garde and reliable , was used as one of the early presenters of Top Gear , along with John Peel who later took over the programme . Drummond continued presenting radio and occasionally TV programmes for the BBC until the early 1990s , often featuring progressive rock music on programmes such as Disco 2 , Sounds of the Seventies and Sight and Sound In Concert . He also worked for the BBC World Service and Radio Luxembourg . After leaving the BBC , he became a leading voice-over performer in Britain , his voice often appearing in advertisements and film trailers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d974fda848a963f017c3766fd1af713", "text": "The Chris Morris Music Show The Chris Morris Music Show was a radio show presented by satirist Chris Morris and broadcast on BBC Radio 1 between June and December 1994 . The show sparked controversy on several occasions , most notably when Chris Morris falsely announced the death of politician Michael Heseltine , which resulted in a two-week suspension of the show .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3094a2a838b519192f21c3c0157c5ca", "text": "BCFM BCFM or Bristol Community FM is a community radio station broadcasting to the City of Bristol in the United Kingdom on 93.2 FM . BCfm started broadcasting on 26 March 2007 . This followed many years of community development and radio projects in Bristol , such as radio19 ( the New Deal for Communities ) , Commonwealth fm and B200fm ( Celebration of Brunel 's life ) . During the summer period of 2009 , BCFM used funding provided by the Youth Opportunities Fund to build a brand new studio to cater for the growing number of presenters working at the station . Studio 2 , also known as `` Blue Studio '' was built next to the current Studio 1 and allows live presenting from either studio with both having the ability to pre-record shows . BCfm broadcasts in nine different languages and aims to represent the whole of Bristol and Bristol life . A significant amount of local music is played . broadcasts are webcast and a number of podcasts are available on the website . Broadcasts to the local Somali , Polish and Spanish speaking communities amongst others also feature . In addition , BCfm programming is carried by BBC Radio Bristol overnight at weekends .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "edfb557ef965c31396571d3c467c1055", "text": "Kevin Mitchell (musician) Kevin Edward Mitchell , also known by the stage name of Bob Evans ( born 1 October 1977 ) , is an Australian singer-songwriter ; Mitchell uses the moniker for his primary solo project . He is also the founding lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of the alternative rock band Jebediah , which was formed in 1994 and features his older brother Brett Mitchell , who joined on drums before the group 's first performance . Jebediah released five studio albums between 1997 and 2011 , the first three of which entered the top ten on the ARIA Albums Chart . Mitchell commenced performing as a folk pop artist under the name `` Bob Evans '' in 1999 to showcase `` quieter '' songs that were influenced by music that was different from the primary sound of Jebediah , and he deliberately chose a stage name that would distinguish him from his band . His most successful solo album Suburban Songbook , which was released on 10 June 2006 , peaked at No. 15 , and his next two solo albums Goodnight , Bull Creek ! ( 3 April 2009 ) and Familiar Stranger ( 15 March 2013 ) reached the top 40 . As of December 2016 , Mitchell has released five Bob Evans studio albums , and he launched the Good Evans , It 's A Bobcast ! podcast in May 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd76c558a53e85d5073b1f1e42b30b85", "text": "Kerrang Radio Kerrang ! Radio or Kerrang ! 105.2 is a specialist rock music radio station currently broadcasting to London on DAB and across the United Kingdom on Freeview and various online platforms . It is owned and operated by Bauer Radio and forms part of Bauer 's National portfolio of radio brands .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ba836eb70d6c9e86c3db34f417aa5bd4", "text": "Chris Kelly (TV presenter) Christopher Paul Kelly ( born 24 April 1940 ) is an English TV presenter , producer and writer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5db23403983ff3e10b4faeee51720c4", "text": "Neil Evans (presenter) Neil Evans was an Australian football ( soccer ) commentator appearing on the Australian Fox Sports network . Evans in particular used to host the program Total Football , with Robbie Slater which focuses on Australian Soccer including the Socceroos and the A-League . Evans no longer presented for FOX Sports once Simon Hill was brought over from SBS Australia . Hill is now the regular Total Football presenter and has also taken over Evans ' role as a match day commentator for the A-League . Evans was media chief for Centrebet , an Australian bookmaker , and is also a popular after-dinner speaker . Neil 's nickname is `` Wood Duck '' . He has also managed to become a ` political analyst ' in the eyes of the Sydney Morning Herald .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c8336d9bf722b5268a1e362193b0ed05", "text": "Arthur Evans (politician) Henry Arthur Evans ( 24 September 1898 -- 25 September 1958 ) , known as Arthur Evans , was a UK politician . He contested the London County Council election , 1922 as a Progressive candidate for Lewisham West but was unsuccessful . He was National Liberal Party Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Leicester East from 1922 to 1923 and Conservative MP for Cardiff South from 1924 to 1929 , and from 1931 to 1945 . At the 1945 general election he was defeated by the future Labour Prime Minister James Callaghan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9984fdd4a7ea97ee87e7959e2c6fa701", "text": "Jamillah Knowles Jamillah Knowles , who also works under the name Jemimah Knight , is a journalist , writer and broadcaster , best known as the producer and presenter of BBC Radio 5 Live 's Outriders . Outriders 2014-04-29 was called `` The Final Edition '' and included discussion with some of the contributors over the past 9 years . On iTunes , the notes say `` Look for the next incarnation online '' and Jamillah announced `` Transmission Signal '' as the name of the new podcast . Jamillah 's journalistic career started in 1993 when she trained as a photographer , sub-editor and feature writer working with Trinity Mirror . She joined the BBC as a producer in 2001 . At the BBC she has reported on global matters for The World Today , Outlook and Radio 5 Live programmes . She has frequently written for BBC News online and has worked in the main UK Newsroom , on user-generated content and social media accounts . Outriders , formerly known as Pods and Blogs , covers news and views of the people involved at the frontiers of technology and the web . The show also champions the progress of hackers and makers throughout the world . Notable celebrity guests have included Kevin Mitnick , Kevin Kelly , Tim Berners Lee and William Gibson . Since taking on the show , Knowles has presented Outriders from the UK , Nepal , India and the United States . In March 2012 , Jamillah left her news gathering position with the BBC and took up the post of UK Editor with The Next Web , one of the largest publications delivering an international perspective on the latest news about Internet technology , business and culture . From July 2011 - August 2012 she hosted and produced podcasts for Global Voices Online , which brings together reports from citizen journalists and bloggers everywhere . She hails from Victoria , Australia and currently lives in London , UK . She has a coveted Blue Peter badge for being part of a record-breaking group Hula hoop dance .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "275bb73442fbd26124fb18e97069b9da", "text": "Tamera Mowry Tamera Darvette Mowry-Housley ( -LSB- tə 'm ɛrə _ 'm ɔːri -RSB- born July 6 , 1978 ) is an American actress and model . She first gained fame for her teen role as Tamera Campbell on the ABC/WB sitcom Sister , Sister ( opposite her identical twin sister Tia Mowry ) . She has also starred in the Disney Channel Original Movie Twitches and its sequel , Twitches Too , and she played Dr. Kayla Thornton on the medical drama Strong Medicine . A reality TV show following her and her twin sister 's lives , Tia & Tamera , began airing on the Style Network in 2011 , ending in 2013 after three seasons . Currently , she is one of the hosts of The Real talk show along with former fellow Disney Channel star Adrienne Bailon , Jeannie Mai , and Loni Love , which premiered on July 15 , 2013 . She and her identical twin sister Tia Mowry were in a singing group in the early 1990s called Voices . The group debuted their first single , `` Yeah , Yeah , Yeah ! '' in 1992 and charted No. 72 on the Billboard Hot 100 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "78a1dc87d73c93988beef8d3842d4f33", "text": "Sister Street Fighter is a spin-off of The Street Fighter ( 1974 ) . The plot revolves around Lǐ Hóng-Lóng ( 李紅竜 Li Kōryū ) , the female martial artist of the title . When her brother Lǐ Wàn-Qīng is kidnapped by drug lords , she seeks revenge . The drug lord 's colorful collection of `` killers '' includes a toga-clad group of Thai Boxers called the `` Amazons Seven '' , along with representatives of almost every martial art . Hóng-Lóng breaks into the drug lord 's compound with the help of Seiichi Hibiki ( Sonny Chiba ) and other members of the Shorinji Kempo dojo . After all of his minions are defeated , the drug lord himself battles Hóng-Lóng , wearing a steel claw in imitation of Han , the villain from Enter the Dragon ( 1973 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1cd289bae25f4cc98150ef7b5226ac7f", "text": "Yvonne Severn Yvonne Severn ( Johannesburg , 11 April 1927Thousand Oaks , 22 November 2006 ) was an American child screen actress . Born Yvonne Diana Severn , known as `` Vonnie '' , she was the second daughter of Dr. Clifford Brill Severn ( 1890-1981 ) and his South African wife Rachel Malherbe ( 1897-1984 ) . Her parents later emigrated from South Africa to Los Angeles . She had seven siblings who were all child actors : Venetia Severn , Clifford Severn , Raymond Severn , Ernest Severn , Christopher Severn , William Severn and Winston Severn . She married Roy Haskell Shelley ( 1922-1999 ) . Yvonne Severn is most known for her film appearances in The Amazing Mrs. Holliday ( 1943 ) and , as a princess , with her sister Venetia in Tower of London ( 1939 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8fb3af2b5f33141a93ef0d6a2a1f2c1", "text": "Jillian Parry Fry Jillian Parry ( born January 31 , 1982 ) is a former Miss Teen USA , having held the title for the year 2000 , representing her home town of Newtown and state of Pennsylvania . She was the first titleholder from Pennsylvania to win the national competition . Parry entered the Miss Pennsylvania Teen USA pageant on a whim , after a postcard was dropped in her mail , and won on her first attempt . Parry represented her state at the Miss Teen USA pageant televised live from Shreveport , Louisiana on August 26 , 2000 . Jillian won the pageant and was crowned Miss Teen USA 2000 based on her answer to the final interview question , and she came in first place in the evening gown competition . She came in second behind Nicole O'Brian of Texas in the swimsuit competition . She was crowned by Ashley Coleman of Delaware , Miss Teen USA 1999 . As Miss Teen USA , Parry represented the Miss Universe Organization . Her `` sister '' 2000 titleholders were Lynnette Cole ( Miss USA , from Tennessee ) and Lara Dutta ( Miss Universe , of India ) . She passed her title on to her successor , Marissa Whitley of Missouri , on August 22 , 2001 . She completed her Ph.D. in Public Health with a focus on Health Policy at the Johns Hopkins University in 2012 following a Master 's in Public Health from the University of New Mexico in 2007 and a B.S. in Biobehavioral Health from Penn State University in 2004 . In June , 2006 , Jillian married Dr. Roderick Fry , a physical chemist from Kendall , NY . They were married in Langhorne , PA , in a simple Quaker ceremony . Jillian Parry has been a vegan since 2002 , and she is an active public health scientist in the field of environmental health policy . She currently resides in Baltimore , MD. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "281cd7f2f9eae2c6c51b0a714eff9c2f", "text": "Aida Turturro Aida Turturro ( Ah-ee-da Toor-toor-ro ; born September 25 , 1962 ) is an American actress best known for playing Janice Soprano , sister of New Jersey mob boss Tony Soprano , on the HBO TV series The Sopranos ( 1999 -- 2007 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6107c99c7805b53d6dd2b0d837f6b382", "text": "Robin Young Robin Cardwell Young ( born Youngs ) is an American television and radio personality . Young was born in Long Island , New York , attended Ithaca College in Ithaca , New York , and has lived and worked in Manhattan , Washington , DC , Los Angeles and Boston . She has been a Boston-based radio and television host since the late 1970s , when she hosted Evening Magazine for WBZ-TV . She is the sister of John Savage . She began in television as a secretary at Channel 38 in Boston in 1973 . In 1975 , she went on air as a radio announcer at WBZ ( Boston ) . She made her first television appearance on WBZ-TV 's Evening Magazine in 1977 . From 1982 to 1983 , Young was lead presenter , along with Tom Ellis , for the revamped evening newscasts on WNEV-TV ( now WHDH ) Channel 7 . After one year , she switched her role at the station and began hosting and producing a number of primetime specials under her own production company , Young Visions . She currently co-hosts National Public Radio 's daily news magazine Here and Now along with Jeremy Hobson . The show normally consists of five interview segments with reporters , politicians , artists , authors and experts on a given subject . It is broadcast from noon to 2 pm on WBUR and is distributed by NPR . In July 2013 , Here and Now expanded to two hours . The show is produced at WBUR in Boston . Young has received several Emmy Awards for her television work as well as cable 's Ace award , the Religious Public Relations Council 's Wilbur Award and the National Conference of Christians and Jews Gold Award . She has also received radio 's regional Edward R. Murrow award . Her documentary , The Los Altos Story , made in association with the Rotary Club of Los Altos , California , won the prestigious George Foster Peabody Award and is now the backbone of a worldwide HIV/AIDS awareness initiative . As an independent documentary filmmaker , she produced and directed the opening film for Marion Wright Edelman 's White House Conference on Children and followed the rise of the then unknown filmmaker John Singleton in the film Straight From the Hood .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d3c2cd25ad8234c405e0026a91c3a66", "text": "Teresa Kearney Teresa Kearney ( Mother Kevin ) ( 1875-1957 ) was a teacher , Franciscan Sister , and missionary . She was born in Knockenrahan , Arklow , Ireland on April 28 , 1875 . At the age of 17 , she became a Junior Assistant Mistress and taught at a school in Essex , England . On December 2 , 1902 , she left to begin missionary work in Nsambya , Uganda . She worked as a Franciscan Sister of Saint Mary 's Abbey , Mill Hill , London . In 1952 Kearney founded the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa . Kearney 's work in East Africa resulted in the formation of multiple hospitals and training of nurses throughout the region . Her name serves as the root of the word Kevina , meaning `` hospital '' or `` charity institute '' in Uganda .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8c95a6547b77ac3407394b257a506bf", "text": "10 Years Younger (U.S. TV series) 10 Years Younger ( also abbreviated as 10YY ) is an American reality series that aired on TLC . It takes individuals and transform them to look more `` glamorous '' , or ` ten years younger ' , hence the name of the show . As of February 2011 , the Oprah Winfrey Network have been airing reruns of the show .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a04aecd7b447d4b01f5a2bdda382605", "text": "Tania Kernaghan Tania Maree Kernaghan ( born 18 July 1968 in Albury , New South Wales ) is an Australian country music singer . She is the sister of Lee Kernaghan and daughter of Ray Kernaghan . During her career , Tania has amassed fifteen number one radio hits singles , numerous awards , sell out concerts and record sales in the hundreds of thousands . She has also performed at the renowned Grand Old Opry in Nashville Tania is Patron for Angel Flight and Riding For The Disabled Association Australia ( RDA ) She 's currently married to record producer and sound engineer , Daniel Kresco .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02f55826ac82d80f44350d0b8bdaa359", "text": "Michelle Carney Michelle Carney ( born 30 December 1981 ) is an Australian association football player currently playing for Australian W-League team Western Sydney Wanderers . Carney signed with Western Sydney Wanderers following a three-season hiatus . She is the older sister of Socceroo player David Carney .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c4d77076dade429e7aa3e26fc3b862d", "text": "A Resurrection (film) A Resurrection ( also titled The Sibling ) is an American horror-thriller film written and directed by Matt Orlando . The film stars Mischa Barton , Michael Clarke Duncan and Devon Sawa . On 12 November 2012 a trailer was released . The film premiered in Sherman Oaks , Los Angeles on 19 March 2013 . This was followed by a limited theatrical release in the United States on 22 March 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8418484cc557ad3cab72f5308ec6517", "text": "June and Jennifer Gibbons June and Jennifer Gibbons ( born 11 April 1963 ; Jennifer died March 1993 ) were identical twins who grew up in Wales . They became known as `` The Silent Twins '' since they only communicated with each other . They began writing works of fiction but turned to crime when they started experiencing criminality tendencies . Both women were admitted to Broadmoor Hospital where they were held for 14 years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ca603193561fa35b789255bb32d373c", "text": "The Wrigley Sisters Jennifer and Hazel Wrigley are an international folk music duo playing fiddle ( Jennifer ) and guitar/piano ( Hazel ) . Born in the Orkney Islands of Scotland , they started to play when given instruments on their 8th birthday and joined the Strathspey and Reel Society in their early years . In their early teens they were playing , often with Emma their older sister , at local concerts and ceilidhs around Orkney where they were spotted by Orkney 's only recording studio who launched them into Dancing Fingers their first album . The success of this album moved them into the UK folk circuit but this proved arduous ( Cornwall to Middlesbrough in back-to-back gigs ) and eventually they moved to Edinburgh after launching their second album The Watch Stone . Playing at London 's Barbican Centre in 1995 , they were spotted by a New Zealand music scout who invited them to play at the Auckland Folk Festival which prompted the twins to organise a `` world tour '' . At about that time Jennifer won the UK 's premier accolade for new folk talent ( BBC Young Tradition Award ) which helped boost the tour and their international reputation . Working without a manager , they organised a second world tour in 1999 and issued a third album Huldreland ( in the Folk Roots top ten of 1998 ) . Four transatlantic trips in 1999 cemented their place on the international folk scene . In 2001 they issued an album `` Skyran . '' In 2005 they returned to Orkney and acquired premises in Kirkwall where they launched The Reel a music/social centre offering an instrument/music shop , lessons to aspiring musicians ... and a coffee shop where ` sessions ' can often be heard .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3137342c4eb8f6a740bcadec8f10d18", "text": "Sister (band) Sister was an American heavy metal band , formed in 1976 in Los Angeles . Former members included Blackie Lawless , formerly of the New York Dolls and later of W.A.S.P. , and Nikki Sixx , who would later co-create Mötley Crüe . They are notable for being one of the first bands to make usage of the pentagram and other occult symbols . Due to the late 1970s music scene , and personal differences , they never achieved success and broke up sometime in 1978 . Sixx and guitarist Lizzie Grey later formed the band London .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea954a7a8b136972edff8df65409cfc6", "text": "Sister MAYO , better known by her stagename Sister MAYO , is a Japanese singer . She is a member of the Columbia Music Entertainment duo Cyber Nation Network , and a vocalist in Project.R which performs many theme songs for the Super Sentai series , some have reached the top ten in Oricon 's charts . Her best-known songs as a soloist have been the opening theme of Haré + Guu and the ending theme of Mahou Sentai Magiranger . She is the younger sister of heavy metal musician Taiji , with whom she was in the rock band Otokaze .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb9394a7eec587b91a4faacd1ed674c3", "text": "Sister group A sister group or sister taxon is a phylogenetic term denoting the closest relatives of another given unit in an evolutionary tree . The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram : A , B , and C each represent a taxon : The sister group to A is B ; conversely , the sister group to B is A. Groups A and B , together with all other descendants of their most recent common ancestor , form the clade AB . The sister group to clade AB is C. The whole clade ABC is itself a subtree of a larger tree , which offers yet more sister group branches that are related but farther removed from the leaf nodes , such as A , B , and C. In cladistic standards , A , B , and C may represent specimens , species , taxon-groups , etc. . If they represent species , the term sister species is sometimes used . The term `` sister group '' is used in phylogenetic analysis , and only groups identified in the analysis are labeled as sister groups . An example is in birds , whose sister group is commonly cited as the crocodiles , but that is true only when dealing with extant taxa . The bird family tree is rooted in the dinosaurs , making for a number of extinct groups branching off before coming to the last common ancestor of birds and crocodiles . Thus , the term sister group must be seen as a relative term , with the caveat that the sister group is the closest relative only among the groups/species/specimens that are included in the analysis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37d4ede7e67ddee6d40baa4e18f89fb9", "text": "Summer Phoenix Summer Joy Phoenix ( born Summer Joy Bottom ; December 10 , 1978 ) is an American actress , model and designer . She is the youngest sibling of actors/actresses Rain Phoenix , Joaquin Phoenix , Liberty Phoenix , and River Phoenix .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea52c21d446c6637bb1cb691f6841196", "text": "Emily Seale-Jones Emily Charlotte Leonora Seale-Jones ( born 16 December 1988 ) is a British film actress . Daughter of Trevor Jones , Seale-Jones grew up as the youngest of four siblings ; she and her two brothers , like their father , work in the film industry .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b46e15d8a81c469c05b83a000e754ea8", "text": "Maude Robinson Maude Robinson ( 1859 -- 1950 ) was a Quaker writer of short stories and a memoir about growing up on a South Downs farm at Saddlescombe in the 1860s . She was the younger sister of the paediatrician Louis Robinson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f115b85691dba5190c2ccb6ddd60b02b", "text": "Jasmine Curtis-Smith Jasmine Casandra Ojales Curtis-Smith ( born 6 April 1994 ) is a Filipino Australian actress , dancer , endorser , writer , and TV host . Curtis is the younger sister of fellow actress and ABS-CBN contract artist Anne Curtis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a34ab18711e0982f8a810a90729112d", "text": "Mistaken Identity: Two Families, One Survivor, Unwavering Hope Mistaken Identity : Two Families , One Survivor , Unwavering Hope is a best-selling non-fiction book describing an incident in which the identities of two young female casualties were confused after a vehicle crash . It was published by Howard Books on March 25 , 2008 . The book lists its authors as Don and Susie van Ryn ; Newell , Colleen and Whitney Cerak ; and Mark Tabb ; the former the parents of Laura van Ryn ( the woman believed to have survived the crash but actually deceased ) and the latter the parents of Whitney Cerak , initially declared deceased in the crash but later found to have survived . Mark Tabb is a former pastor whom The New York Times described as `` the go-to guy when a collaborator is needed on books with spiritual themes . '' Both the identity mix-up and the book 's release received worldwide media attention : was the subject of a two-hour episode of Dateline NBC , a program of The Oprah Winfrey Show , and a segment featured on The Today Show . The book was ranked 1st place for two weeks on the adult non-fiction New York Times Best Seller list in 2008 . The incident prompted the states of Michigan and Indiana to pursue legislation concerning stricter guidelines in the process of identification of bodies by coroners . On April 26 , 2006 , a Taylor University van carrying nine students and staff members collided with a tractor-trailer being driven by Robert F. Spencer on Interstate 69 in Indiana . Five people riding in the van died at the crash scene : Elizabeth Smith , Laurel Erb , Bradley Larson , and Monica Felver , and a young blonde woman the coroner identified as Whitney Cerak . A similar looking woman who survived but was unable to communicate was identified as Laura van Ryn . For several weeks , the van Ryn family kept a bedside vigil over the patient they believed to be their daughter . However , into five weeks of hospitalization the identity of the surviving woman began to be questioned . She was found to be Whitney Cerak , not Laura van Ryn . Some physical similarities existed between the two women but the severity of the injuries , which included severe head trauma and the immediate inability to communicate led local government officials to mis-identify the casualties , the hospital to carry through with the unfortunate action and caused both families to respond in a manner appropriate to the situation of each casualty : Cerak was taken care of by the van Ryn family in the belief that she was their daughter . Meanwhile , Laura was interred in a marked grave at a funeral with 1400 people in attendance . Five weeks passed before incidents arose that caused suspicion about identity : she made comments about things and people that were inconsistent with facts pertaining to Laura ; and a university roommate also reported some physical discrepancies . `` Laura '' confirmed that it was ` Whitney Cerak ' that had survived when asked by hospital staff to write down the patient 's name , which was then confirmed by dental records . The tragic mix-up appeared to have been caused by the similarities of appearance of Cerak and van Ryn , and the confusion at the crash scene . Neither family spoke publicly about the incident for nearly two years . During the Dateline interview , it was noted that the van Ryn family suspected for several days something was amiss with the patient before the concerns were shared with the hospital staff : the van Ryn family noticed the patient 's teeth ; navel piercing ( which van Ryn did not have ) ; the patient called herself Whitney ( not Laura ) when she emerged from the coma ; the patient accused `` her '' parents of being `` false parents '' ; and the patient told `` her '' sister their parent 's names were Newell and Colleen . The van Ryns said that their duplicity in sustaining the misidentification for a month was reinforced by reassurance by the hospital staff of the patient 's identity and the distress of the situation .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "10a355e3dc5c7db56eed8d1557c545f6", "text": "General Hospital General Hospital ( commonly abbreviated GH ) is an American daytime television medical drama . It is listed in Guinness World Records as the longest-running American soap opera in production and the third longest-running drama in television in American history after Guiding Light and As the World Turns . Concurrently , it is the world 's third longest-running scripted drama series in production after British serials The Archers and Coronation Street , as well as the world 's second-longest-running televised soap opera still in production . General Hospital premiered on the ABC television network on April 1 , 1963 . Same-day broadcasts as well as classic episodes were aired on SOAPnet from January 20 , 2000 , to December 31 , 2013 , following Disney-ABC 's decision to discontinue the network . General Hospital is the longest-running serial produced in Hollywood , and the longest-running entertainment program in ABC television history . It holds the record for most Daytime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Drama Series , with 13 wins . The show was created by husband-and-wife soap writers Frank and Doris Hursley , who originally set it in a general hospital ( hence the title ) , in an unnamed fictional city . In the 1970s , the city was named Port Charles , New York . From its beginning , General Hospital starred John Beradino and Emily McLaughlin , and both actors stayed with the show until their deaths in 1996 and 1991 respectively . They were joined a year later by Rachel Ames who remains to date the longest serving actress on an ABC soap opera , having been continuously on the show from 1964 to 2007 . General Hospital was the second soap to air on ABC ( after the short-lived Road to Reality , which aired for several months during the 1960 -- 61 season ) . In 1964 , a sister soap was created for General Hospital , The Young Marrieds ; it ran for two years , and was canceled because of low ratings . General Hospital also spawned a primetime spinoff with the same name in the United Kingdom from 1972 to 1979 , as well as the daytime series Port Charles ( 1997 -- 2003 ) and the primetime spin-off General Hospital : Night Shift ( 2007 -- 2008 ) in the United States . Taped at The Prospect Studios , General Hospital aired for a half-hour until July 23 , 1976 . The series was expanded from 30 minutes to 45 minutes on July 26 , 1976 , and then to a full hour on January 16 , 1978 . Ever since the late 1970s , most of the storylines have revolved around the Quartermaines and the Spencers . From 1979 to 1988 , General Hospital had more viewers than any other daytime soap opera . It rose to the top of the ratings in the early 1980s in part thanks to the monumentally popular `` supercouple '' Luke and Laura , whose 1981 wedding brought in 30 million viewers and remains the highest-rated hour in American soap opera history . The soap opera is also known for its high-profile celebrity guest stars who have included , among others , Roseanne Barr , James Franco and the late Elizabeth Taylor . In 2007 , the program was listed as one of Time magazine 's `` 100 Best TV Shows of All-TIME . '' On April 23 , 2009 , General Hospital began broadcasting in high definition , making it the first ABC soap opera to make such a transition . The series aired its 13,000 th episode on February 24 , 2014 . General Hospital became the oldest American soap opera on September 17 , 2010 , following the final broadcast of CBS ' As the World Turns . On April 14 , 2011 , ABC announced the cancellation of both All My Children and One Life to Live , leaving General Hospital as the last remaining soap opera airing on the network after January 13 , 2012 . The show celebrated its 50th anniversary on April 1 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef58f36b72ebbc0b7cce29dbc3dcce3c", "text": "Demi Moore Demi Gene Guynes ( -LSB- dəˈmiː -RSB- ; born November 11 , 1962 ) , professionally known as Demi Moore , is an American actress , former songwriter , and model . Moore dropped out of high school at age 16 to pursue an acting career and appeared in the men 's magazine Oui in 1981 . After making her film debut later that year , she appeared on the soap opera General Hospital and subsequently gained recognition for her work in Blame It on Rio ( 1984 ) and St. Elmo 's Fire ( 1985 ) . Her first film to become both a critical and commercial hit was About Last Night ... ( 1986 ) , which established her as a Hollywood star . In 1990 , Moore starred in Ghost , the highest-grossing film of that year , for which she received a Golden Globe nomination . She had a string of additional box-office successes in the early 1990s , including A Few Good Men ( 1992 ) , Indecent Proposal ( 1993 ) , and Disclosure ( 1994 ) . In 1996 , Moore became the highest-paid actress in film history when she was paid a then-unprecedented fee of $ 12.5 million to star in Striptease , a film that was a high-profile disappointment . Her next major role , G.I. Jane ( 1997 ) , for which she famously shaved her head , was followed by a lengthy break and significant downturn in Moore 's career , although she has remained a subject of substantial media interest during the years since .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "0da6d5cf44437615564c3c2c52924257", "text": "Miami Medical Miami Medical ( formerly titled Miami Trauma ) is a medical drama television series that aired on CBS from April 2 to July 2 , 2010 . It follows the professional and private lives of a team of trauma surgeons . The series was created by Jeffrey Lieber and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer Television and Warner Bros. . Television . On May 18 , 2010 , CBS cancelled the series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0333be6a4cca2b80c176a1238be0956b", "text": "Beautiful Doom `` Beautiful Doom '' is the fifth episode of the ninth season of the American television medical drama Grey 's Anatomy , and the show 's 177th episode overall . Written by Jeannine Renshaw and directed by Stephen Cragg , the episode was originally broadcast on the American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) in the United States on November 8 , 2012 . The initial airing was viewed by 9.26 million people and garnered a 3.3 / 8 Nielsen rating in the 18 -- 49 demographic , registering the show as the week 's highest rated television drama . Grey 's Anatomy centers around a group of physicians struggling to balance their professional lives with their personal lives . In the episode Meredith Grey ( Ellen Pompeo ) relives the memories of her half-sister Lexie Grey ( Chyler Leigh ) who died in the season eight finale plane crash when a patient with similar crush injuries comes into the hospital . The episode also focuses on Cristina Yang ( Sandra Oh ) who deals with the death of her Minnesota mentor Dr. Craig Thomas ( William Daniels ) in the middle of surgery . Meredith in spite of opposition from Richard Webber ( James Pickens Jr. ) tries to treat the crash victim while dealing with her personal feelings relating Lexie . She also juggles her daughter Zola at the hospital with the absence of her husband , Derek Shepherd ( Patrick Dempsey ) , with Owen Hunt ( Kevin McKidd ) , Callie Torres ( Sara Ramirez ) and Miranda Bailey ( Chandra Wilson ) helping her .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1dd94791ef7f94eed19cbc144551ebc", "text": "Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series The Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series is an award presented annually by the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences ( NATAS ) and Academy of Television Arts & Sciences ( ATAS ) . It is given to honor an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role while working within the daytime drama industry . The 1st Daytime Emmy Awards ceremony was held in 1974 with Elizabeth Hubbard receiving the award for her role as Althea Davis on The Doctors . The award has undergone several name changes , originally honoring actresses in leading and supporting roles . Following the introduction of a new category in 1979 , Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series , the award 's name was altered to Outstanding Actress in a Daytime Drama Series before changing once again , to its current title , years later . The awards ceremony was not aired on television in 1983 and 1984 , having been criticized for voting integrity . In 1985 , another category was introduced , Outstanding Younger Actress in a Drama Series , one criterion for this category was altered , requiring all actresses to be aged 26 or above . Since its inception , the award has been given to 27 actresses . One Life to Live is the show with the most awarded actresses , with a total of eleven . In 1995 , Erika Slezak became the actress with the most wins in the category when she won a fourth time , surpassing Helen Gallagher 's previous record of three ; Slezak went on to win in two additional years , ultimately receiving six wins . Susan Flannery and Kim Zimmer have since received four wins each . Susan Lucci has been nominated on 21 occasions , more than any other actress . As of the 2017 ceremony , Gina Tognoni is the most recent winner in this category for her portrayal of Phyllis Summers on The Young and the Restless .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f420ffccf61af7fd99adc097feaceada", "text": "Lily Tyler Lily Tyler ( previously Moore ) is a fictional character in the USA Network science fiction television series The 4400 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1969ac4f7bdbc35cf63099363487f62", "text": "Emergency! Not to be confused with Emergency , a TV program aired on GMA Network in the Philippines . Emergency ! is an American television series that combines the medical drama and action-adventure genres . It was a joint production of Mark VII Limited and Universal Television . It debuted on NBC as a midseason replacement on January 15 , 1972 , replacing the two short-lived series The Partners and The Good Life , and ran until May 28 , 1977 , with six additional two-hour television films during the next two years . Emergency ! was created and produced by Jack Webb and Robert A. Cinader , who were also responsible for the police dramas Adam-12 and Dragnet . Harold Jack Bloom is also credited as a creator ; Webb does not receive screen credit as a creator . In the show 's original TV-movie pilot , Webb was credited only as its director . The series stars Randolph Mantooth and Kevin Tighe as two specially trained firefighters , who formed Squad 51 , part of the then innovative field of paramedics , who were authorized to provide initial emergency medical care to victims of accidents , fires , and other incidents in the field in order to stabilize them for transport to medical facilities . The plot of the initial pilot film described the passing of state legislation , eventually signed by then State Governor Ronald Reagan , and was called `` The Wedsworth-Townsend Act . '' It authorized paramedic units to operate in the field without conventional medical personnel on site , albeit in radio contact with an assigned hospital . Squad 51 worked in concert with the fictional Rampart General Hospital medical staff ( portrayed by Robert Fuller , Julie London , and Bobby Troup ) , who took over each patient 's case from the paramedics who worked in the field . Nearly 30 years after Emergency ! debuted , the Smithsonian Institution accepted Emergency ! memorabilia into its National Museum of American History 's public-service section , including the firefighters ' helmets , turnouts , biophone , and defibrillator . The vehicles of Station 51 are a part of the collection of the Los Angeles County Fire Museum .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f3c0cd7d42e6b5ce994653a12070383", "text": "As the World Turns As the World Turns ( often referred to as ATWT ) is an American television soap opera that aired on CBS for 54 years from April 2 , 1956 , to September 17 , 2010 . Irna Phillips created As the World Turns as a sister show to her other soap opera Guiding Light . Running for 54 years , As the World Turns holds the second-longest continuous run of any daytime network soap opera on American television , surpassed only by Guiding Light . As the World Turns was produced for the first 43 years in Manhattan and in Brooklyn from 2000 until 2010 . Set in the fictional town of Oakdale , Illinois , the show debuted on April 2 , 1956 , at 1:30 pm EST. . Prior to that date , all serials had been 15 minutes in length . As the World Turns and The Edge of Night , which premiered on the same day at 4:30 pm EST , were the first two to be 30 minutes in length from their premiere . At first , viewers did not respond to the new half-hour serial , but ratings picked up in its second year , eventually reaching the top spot in the daytime Nielsen ratings by fall 1958 . In 1959 , the show started a streak of weekly ratings wins that was not interrupted for over 12 years . The show switched to color on August 21 , 1967 , and expanded from a half-hour in length to one hour starting on December 1 , 1975 , when The Edge of Night moved to ABC . In the year-to-date ratings , As the World Turns was the most-watched daytime drama from 1958 until 1978 , with ten million viewers tuning in each day . At its height , core actors such as Helen Wagner , Don MacLaughlin , Don Hastings , and Eileen Fulton became nationally known . Three of these actors -- Wagner , Hastings , and Fulton -- are also the three longest serving actors in the history of American soap operas . The show passed its 10,000 th episode on May 12 , 1995 , and celebrated its 50th anniversary on April 2 , 2006 . On September 18 , 2009 , As the World Turns became the last remaining Procter and Gamble-produced soap opera for CBS after Guiding Light aired its final episode on the network . On December 8 , 2009 , CBS announced that it cancelled As the World Turns after almost 54 years due to low ratings . The show taped its final Procter and Gamble scenes for CBS on June 23 , 2010 , and with a dramatic storyline finale , its final episode on the network aired on September 17 , 2010 . On October 18 , 2010 , CBS replaced As the World Turns with a newly debuted talk show The Talk .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ec97a8d2d24cfb5482419c274f26eeb", "text": "Moon Over Miami (TV series) Moon Over Miami is an American drama and crime series that aired on ABC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "499671eb2a73718a00d99853182a2c52", "text": "Doc Elliot Doc Elliot is an American medical drama that aired from March 5 , 1973 until May 1 , 1974 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "800a78499cc651e402ca16dfac8c5ef8", "text": "The D.A. (1971 TV series) The D.A. is an American half-hour legal drama that aired Fridays at 8:00 -8:30 pm on NBC for the 1971-72 season . It ran from September 17 , 1971 to January 7 , 1972 and was replaced by the more successful Sanford and Son the following week . The show was packaged by Jack Webb 's Mark VII Limited for Universal Television and is not to be confused with a show Webb produced in 1959 with a similar name , The D.A. 's Man , which starred John Compton in the lead role .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "428b10dd0438c60c4a4b728cb82d3674", "text": "Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children . More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0b2ec2d024386af838da2ff0ba28184", "text": "Crossroads (1992 TV series) Crossroads is an American drama that aired from September 14 , 1992 to July 15 , 1993 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9667debada837220e171b0ef54f710bd", "text": "Ally McBeal Ally McBeal is an American legal comedy-drama television series , originally aired on Fox from September 8 , 1997 to May 20 , 2002 . Created by David E. Kelley , the series stars Calista Flockhart in the title role as a young lawyer working in the fictional Boston law firm Cage and Fish , with other young lawyers whose lives and loves were eccentric , humorous and dramatic . The series received critical acclaim in its early seasons , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Musical or Comedy in 1997 and 1998 , and also winning the Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series in 1999 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b5dbf8a89ca4274b033abe31e64aa22", "text": "The Last Best Year The Last Best Year is a 1990 American made-for-television drama film starring Mary Tyler Moore and Bernadette Peters concerning a lonely woman who discovers that she has a terminal illness . It originally premiered on ABC on November 4 , 1990 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bca189a3bd5c1ab66e5514d4bceff64b", "text": "Mercy Point Mercy Point is an American science fiction medical drama , created by Trey Callaway , David Simkins , and Milo Frank , which originally aired for one season on United Paramount Network ( UPN ) from October 6 , 1998 , to July 15 , 1999 . With an ensemble cast led by : Joe Morton , Maria del Mar , Alexandra Wilson , Brian McNamara , Salli Richardson , Julia Pennington , Gay Thomas , Jordan Lund , and Joe Spano , the series takes place in a 23rd-century hospital space station located in deep space and revolves around its doctors and nurses . The series was produced by Mandalay Television and Columbia TriStar Television ; the executive producers were Trey Callaway , Michael Katleman , Lee David Zlotoff , Joe Voci , and Scott Sanders . Callaway developed Mercy Point from Frank 's script , `` Nightingale One '' , as a concept for a feature film under the working title of the same name . Even though it was picked up by Mandalay Television , the concept was eventually revised as a television project and renamed Mercy Point due to the disappointing commercial performance of the 1997 film Starship Troopers . The show was part of a $ 3 million deal between Mandalay Television and Columbia TriStar Television to produce 200 hours of material . It was filmed in Vancouver to reduce production costs , with the hospital sets constructed on a series of sound stages . Director Joe Napolitano had praised the show for its use of a complete set to allow for more intricate directing . Despite being envisioned as a companion to Star Trek : Voyager , it was paired with Moesha and Clueless as its lead-in on Tuesday nights . Initially focused on ethical and medical cases , the show 's storylines gradually shifted toward relating the characters ' personal relationships to better fit UPN 's primarily teen demographic . Mercy Point was placed on hiatus after only two episodes were aired , and was replaced by the reality television series America 's Greatest Pets and the sitcom Reunited . The show suffered from low viewership , with an average of two million viewers . The final four episodes of the series were broadcast in two , two-hour blocks on Thursday nights in July 1999 . It was never released on DVD or Blu-ray . Critical response to Mercy Point was mixed ; some television critics praised its characterization and use of science-fiction elements , while others found it to be uninteresting and unoriginal . Several media commentators negatively compared the show to other television programs . Callaway has stated that he had the potential story arcs for the full first season already planned before the show 's cancellation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ce970c0ad6e1be546fed019e28e4a0b", "text": "Amy Carlson Amy Lynn Carlson ( born July 7 , 1968 ) is an American television actress , known for her roles as Linda Reagan in the CBS police procedural Blue Bloods , as Alex Taylor on the NBC drama Third Watch , and Josie Watts in the NBC daytime soap opera Another World .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7823f57c984a5cab8eb911c276d8736b", "text": "Morning Star (TV series) Morning Star is a daytime soap opera which aired on NBC from September 27 , 1965 to July 1 , 1966 . The show was created by Ted Corday who would later create the long-running daytime serial Days of Our Lives . The show aired at 11:00 AM ; it was paired with Paradise Bay which aired after it and also was created by Ted Corday . Morning Star was one of the first soap operas to air in color . The show followed Katy Elliot who was a fashion designer from Connecticut ; she moved to New York City to begin work in her chosen field . It followed her trials and tribulations along with those of her roommates Joan Mitchell and Joan 's daughter Liz . Katy had left her hometown of Springdale after the death of Greg Ross , her fiance , who had been killed in a traffic accident before they were to have been married . In New York , Katy met and fell in love with Bill Riley , She also had contact with her aunt Millie Elliot ; her uncle , Ed Elliot , who was a judge in Springdale ; and her sixteen-year-old sister , Jan. . As did Days of our Lives , the show opened with an epigraph , as was customary for soap operas of the time , `` No matter how dark the night , there is always a new dawn to come . The sun is but a morning star . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b18cd7242cb9073b0fc28ab5be014731", "text": "Striptease (film) Striptease is a 1996 American erotic comedy film directed , produced , and written by Andrew Bergman , and stars Demi Moore , Burt Reynolds and Ving Rhames . The film is based on Carl Hiaasen 's novel of the same name , and is about a stripper who becomes involved in both a child-custody dispute and corrupt politics . Striptease was generally reviled by critics . It wound up winning several Golden Raspberry Awards , which are given to the worst in cinema . Among these awards given to Striptease was the Award for Worst Picture of 1996 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b4d78ceb190d29baf35da7a7d7146f86", "text": "Kathleen Noone Kathleen Noone ( born Kathleen O'Meara , January 8 , 1945 ) is an American actress . She began her career as a singer in nightclubs and performed in musicals in off-Broadway stage , before making her television debut in the CBS daytime soap opera , As the World Turns ( 1975 -- 76 ) . From 1977 to 1989 , Noone played Ellen Shepherd Dalton on the ABC daytime soap opera , All My Children . For this role , she won Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series in 1987 . In 1990 , Noone moved to prime time , starring as villainous Claudia Whittaker in the CBS series , Knots Landing ( 1990 -- 1993 ) . She returned to daytime television as Bette Katzenkazrahi on NBC 's Sunset Beach ( 1997 -- 1999 ) , for which she received another Daytime Emmy Award nomination . She also has had the recurring roles on L.A. Law , Party of Five , According to Jim , and Dexter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "efff59fa556ac03dfc36845ad3d2f939", "text": "Sunset Beach (TV series) Sunset Beach is an American television soap opera that aired on NBC from January 6 , 1997 to December 31 , 1999 . The show follows the loves and lives of the people living in the Orange County coastal area named Sunset Beach , on the coast of California . Although there is a town in California called Sunset Beach , the show 's beach scenes were shot on nearby Seal Beach . The show was co-produced by NBC and Spelling Television . Sunset Beach won two Daytime Emmy Awards and was nominated another eleven times . The show also received twenty-two nominations for various other awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e447ff7b499201608e00ac199bda4fb", "text": "Kelly Moore (writer) Kelly Moore is an American author and former attorney . Her 1988 book Deadly Medicine , which focused on the crimes and trial of serial killer Genene Jones , was a New York Times bestseller for seven weeks . Amber House , the first installment in her young adult fiction series , co-written with her daughters Tucker Reed and Larkin Reed , was published by Scholastic 's Arthur A. Levine Books imprint on October 1 , 2012 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "5135b66c86197e6ad15f98e689d810b1", "text": "Sophie Turner Sophie Turner ( born 21 February 1996 ) is an English actress . Turner made her professional acting debut as Sansa Stark on the HBO fantasy television series Game of Thrones ( 2011 -- present ) , which brought her international recognition and critical praise . For her performance , she has received four nominations for Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series , as well as a Young Artist Award nomination for Best Supporting Young Actress in a TV Series . Turner has also starred in the television film The Thirteenth Tale ( 2013 ) and she made her feature film debut in Another Me ( 2013 ) . She has also starred in the action comedy Barely Lethal ( 2015 ) and played Jean Grey / Phoenix in the X-Men film series .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "fca3999162b954b396e2de08011cc215", "text": "Stitches (2012 film) Stitches is a 2012 psychological horror comedy fantasy film directed by Conor McMahon and starring Ross Noble , Tommy Knight and Gemma-Leah Devereux . The plot concerns a birthday clown returning from the dead to exact revenge upon a boy and a group of children who contributed to his death . The film was produced by Fantastic Films and Tailored Films in 2012 and marks the film debut of Tommy Knight and stand-up comedian Ross Noble . The film is an international co-production between Ireland , Sweden , and the United Kingdom . McMahon began working on the film after receiving a $ 600,000 grant from the Irish Film Board , also utilizing funding from MEDIA Europe . Filming for the movie took place in Ireland . Stitches premiered in Dublin , Ireland in September 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0b3bf6c5b624bce2f8f3cc112f24c8c", "text": "Sophie Desmarais Sophie Desmarais ( born July 24 , 1986 ) is a Canadian actress , best known for her role in the 2013 film Sarah Prefers to Run , written and directed by Chloé Robichaud .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f69386a67800db57e1aaaacac1b3a797", "text": "Sophie Langham Sophie Langham is an English actress . She is most famous for playing one half of Walford 's first lesbian couple , in the popular BBC soap opera , EastEnders . Her character , Binnie Roberts , made her first appearance in 1994 and left in 1995 . During her time on the show Langham 's character and her on-screen girlfriend Della Alexander ( Michelle Joseph ) made headlines in the British press when EastEnders screened its first lesbian kiss . EastEnders added to the controversy by making Della and Binnie a mixed-race couple . Coincidentally , Sophie Langham and Michelle Joseph both attended Rose Bruford College within a year of each other . Since leaving EastEnders Langham has appeared in episodes of Jonathan Creek ( 1998 ) ; The Bill ( 1997 ; 2001 ) ; Holby City ( 2003 ) and most recently Doctors ( 2004 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e019e3fffd1c1723986bd97384a52726", "text": "Archipelago (film) Archipelago is a 2010 British film written and directed by Joanna Hogg about a family holiday on the island of Tresco , which forms part of the archipelago of the Isles of Scilly .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "13b09c405db84ffa48582364fecac6f5", "text": "Janine Turner Janine Turner ( born Janine Loraine Gauntt ; December 6 , 1962 ) is an American actress best known for her roles as Maggie O'Connell in the television series Northern Exposure , as Jessie Deighan , in the feature film Cliffhanger , and as Katie McCoy in Friday Night Lights . She is the author of two books , Holding Her Head High , released on The Washington Post best seller list ( Thomas Nelson publisher ) and A Little Bit Vulnerable : On Hollywood , God , Sobriety , & Politics . ( Dunham Books ) . She is an active public speaker and founder and co-chair of Constituting America .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2b5963d11c7cf923930d791326ba7e0", "text": "You Instead You Instead ( alternate U.S. title Tonight You 're Mine ) is a 2011 British `` Rock 'n' roll romantic comedy '' written by Thomas Leveritt and directed by David Mackenzie . The film stars Luke Treadaway , Natalia Tena , Gavin Mitchell and Alastair Mackenzie . Set at T in the Park music festival and shot by Sigma Films , two feuding rock stars are handcuffed together at a festival where they are due to perform .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e430de7811175072c338dcdb3ed07fb", "text": "Valentine (film) Valentine is a 2001 American slasher film directed by Jamie Blanks , and starring Denise Richards , David Boreanaz , Marley Shelton , Jessica Capshaw , and Katherine Heigl . Loosely based on the novel of the same name by Tom Savage , the film follows a group of women in San Francisco who are stalked by a man whom they tormented during their childhood . Release theatrically in February 2001 , the film received mixed reviews from critics , with some praising its performances and cinematography , and others criticizing its conclusion and deeming it too redolent of 1980s horror films . In spite of the mixed critical response , the film was a box office success , earning a total of USD$ 36.7 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a39bc6b265c8100112524f8b0eb0f74", "text": "The Thirteenth Tale (film) The Thirteenth Tale is a British drama television film that first broadcast on BBC Two on 30 December 2013 . It is an adaptation of Diane Setterfield 's gothic novel The Thirteenth Tale .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1dbfd1cea9ace7721909ada2d6207b8", "text": "List of British films of 2013 The British film industry produced over five hundred feature films in 2013 . This article fully lists all non-pornographic films , including short films , that had a release date in that year and which were at least partly made by the United Kingdom . It does not include films first released in previous years that had release dates in 2013 . Also included is an overview of the major events in British film , including film festivals and awards ceremonies , as well as lists of those films that were particularly well received , both critically and financially . The year was particularly notable for a number of low budget and independent horror films , such as In Fear , Devil 's Pass , Dementamania and Stalled .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9d1ac7075b326713516a24b5e944c88", "text": "Salmon Fishing in the Yemen Salmon Fishing in the Yemen is a 2011 British romantic comedy-drama film directed by Lasse Hallström and starring Ewan McGregor , Emily Blunt , Kristin Scott Thomas and Amr Waked . Based on the 2007 novel of the same name by Paul Torday , and a screenplay by Simon Beaufoy , the film is about a fisheries expert who is recruited by a consultant to help realize a sheikh 's vision of bringing the sport of fly fishing to the Yemen desert , initiating an upstream journey of faith to make the impossible possible . The film was shot on location in London , Scotland , and Morocco from August to October 2010 . The film premiered at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival . The film received generally positive reviews upon its release , and earned $ 34,564,651 in revenue worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e3a77a9c62e5154dbfbcd91bf919173", "text": "Sophie Leigh Stone Sophie Leigh Stone ( born c. 1981 ) is an English stage and television actress . She was the first deaf student to win a place at the drama school RADA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "760d9c4bb19b849a0e4d5da2c8ee0aaa", "text": "Scrawl (film) Scrawl is a 2015 independent British supernatural horror-thriller film written and directed by Peter Hearn and produced by Annabelle Le Gresley and Hearn . It stars Liam Hughes , Joe Daly , Daisy Ridley , Mark Forester Evans , Le Gresley , Nathalie Pownall , Catherine Ruddick and Derek Jones . It tells the story of two best friends , Simon and Joe , who must rewrite the happenings from the comic book , Scrawl , after realizing that the events occurred from the comic begins to happen . It is also Ridley 's film debut just before Star Wars : The Force Awakens . The film received positive reviews . As of 2016 , the film is still lining up for indie horror festivals , playing a longer version than the final cut .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae09c9c90fcecc9db2dd58a161e103a0", "text": "Chouans! Chouans ! is a 1988 French historical adventure film directed by Philippe de Broca and starring Sophie Marceau , Philippe Noiret , and Lambert Wilson . Based on the 1829 novel Les Chouans by Honoré de Balzac , the film is about a woman who must choose between two brothers on opposite sides of the French Civil War of 1793 . For her performance in the film , Sophie Marceau received the Cabourg Romantic Film Festival Award for Best Actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "694dada184a2cffa3c91241da5db7b79", "text": "Not Another Happy Ending Not Another Happy Ending is a 2013 British romantic comedy film directed by John McKay , starring Karen Gillan , Stanley Weber and Freya Mavor . Produced by Claire Mundell and Wendy Griffin , and written by David Solomons , the film premiered at the Edinburgh International Film Festival on 30 June 2013 . It was largely shot in Glasgow 's Merchant City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c1b2bf109adafbf1de048f84a44eec4", "text": "Trust (2010 film) Trust is a 2010 American drama thriller film directed by David Schwimmer and based on a screenplay by Andy Bellin and Robert Festinger , and an uncredited story by Schwimmer . It stars Viola Davis , Clive Owen , Catherine Keener , Jason Clarke , and Liana Liberato . The film is about a teenage girl who becomes a victim of sexual abuse when she befriends a man on the Internet .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08aa7e1af348ce2daeadccb973b0828b", "text": "Sophie Lawrence Sophie Lawrence ( born 12 June 1972 , Ilford , London ) is an English actress , singer , director and choreographer . She played the role of Diane Butcher in the BBC soap opera EastEnders as a regular cast member from 1988 to 1991 , making subsequent guest appearances in 1993 , 1994 , 1997 , 2008 and 2012 . In 1991 , Lawrence achieved a top 30 hit in the UK single 's chart with her cover of Donna Summer 's hit single , Love 's Unkind . Since 2001 , she has been most active on stage in musical theatre and pantomime .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e10e6914191c774f616026dc661be43", "text": "Charlie's Farm Charlie 's Farm is a 2014 Australian horror film written and directed by Chris Sun about the violent history of Charlie 's Farm brutally brought to life when four horror seeking youths stumble across a legend that refuses to die . The film stars Tara Reid , Nathan Jones , Allira Jaques , Bill Moseley , Kane Hodder , Dean Kirkright and Sam Coward .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b6bc5ce3d82bff54517760db5fe9e08", "text": "Somewhere to Run Somewhere to Run is a 1989 British made-for-television film about teenage runaways . Directed by Carol Wiseman and written by Matthew Jacobs , it starred Robin Weaver and Vicky Murdock as two teenage girls who run away from home and find themselves on the streets of London . The film also starred Angela Pleasence and Michael Jayston . It was produced by Thames Television for the ITV network , and received its ITV debut on 11 July 1989 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6fbf36d1192f2405c5a95db8f56ad8b7", "text": "Adult Life Skills Adult Life Skills ( formerly known as ` How To Live Yours ' ) is a 2016 British comedy film , funded by Creative England , and is the feature debut for writer director Rachel Tunnard . It is the feature-length version of BAFTA nominated short , Emotional Fusebox , which premiered at the London Film Festival in 2014 . The story of a 29-year-old , Anna ( portrayed by Jodie Whittaker ) has moved into her mum 's shed and is refusing to move out after the death of her twin brother . The film premiered at the 2016 Tribeca Film Festival in April 2016 , winning one of the top awards - the Nora Ephron prize for best female director . The film releases in UK cinemas on 24 June 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d96245a0d5c463e7663d97a370e0eef", "text": "Sophie Burton Sophie Burton is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera , Hollyoaks , played by Connie Powney . She first appeared in 2003 with on-screen family , the Burtons , including twin sister Mel , who was played by Powney 's real life twin Cassie Powney .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c8a084ffbbc8f34e5b4483d7c13d73ec", "text": "Ludacris Christopher Brian `` Chris '' Bridges ( born September 11 , 1977 ) , better known by his stage name Ludacris , is an American hip hop recording artist and actor . Alongside his manager , Chaka Zulu , Ludacris is the co-founder of Disturbing tha Peace , an imprint distributed by Def Jam Recordings . Throughout his career , Ludacris has won Screen Actors Guild , Critic 's Choice , MTV , and Grammy Awards . Along with fellow Atlanta-based rappers Big Boi and André 3000 of OutKast , Ludacris was one of the first and most influential `` Dirty South '' rappers to achieve mainstream success during the early 2000s . In 2014 , Ludacris was featured in Forbes list titled `` Hip-Hop Cash Kings '' , as he earned $ 8 million . Next year , he could again make it to their list by earning the same amount . Born in Champaign , Illinois , Ludacris moved to Atlanta at age nine , where he began rapping . After a brief stint as a disc jockey ( DJ ) , he released his first album Incognegro in 1999 , followed by Back for the First Time in 2000 , which contained the singles `` Southern Hospitality '' and `` What 's Your Fantasy '' . In 2001 , he released Word of Mouf , followed by Chicken-n-Beer in 2003 and The Red Light District in 2004 . He took a more serious approach with his next two albums , Release Therapy ( 2006 ) , and Theater of the Mind ( 2008 ) . His next record , Battle of the Sexes , was released in 2010 and featured the tone of his previous albums . Ludaversal was released on March 31 , 2015 . As an actor , he has appeared in films including Crash ( 2004 ) , Gamer ( 2009 ) , and New Year 's Eve ( 2011 ) , but is best known for playing Tej Parker in The Fast and the Furious film series .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "69fbf2b7f1d6bc7402c2ec500d74cf9a", "text": "The Heat (Toni Braxton album) The Heat is the third studio album by American recording artist Toni Braxton . Released in the United States on April 25 , 2000 by LaFace Records , the album marked Braxton 's departure from her ballads in favor of a more urban sound . Most of the songs ( including the nearly instrumental `` The Art of Love '' ) were written and produced by Braxton and her husband Keri Lewis ( a former member of Mint Condition ) , two ballads were penned by Diane Warren , and collaborations featured rappers Dr. Dre and Lisa `` Left Eye '' Lopes . The Heat opened at number two on the Billboard 200 chart selling 194,448 units in its first week . It was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) on October 13 , 2000 , with sales of over 2.2 million copies within the U.S. Additionally , the album was nominated for Best R&B Album at the 2001 Grammy Awards , while lead single `` He Was n't Man Enough '' won for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance and was nominated for Best R&B Song .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e531384eb46573145087f1520f557ec", "text": "Johnny Mathis discography Johnny Mathis has recorded 71 studio albums , 11 of which achieved sales of 500,000 units and were awarded Gold certification by the Recording Industry Association of America . Five of his greatest hits albums also accomplished this , and of these 16 Gold albums , six eventually went Platinum by reaching sales of one million copies . In 1999 , sales figures totaled five million for his first holiday LP , Merry Christmas , and three million for Johnny 's Greatest Hits , a 1958 collection that has been described as the `` original greatest-hits package '' and once held the record for most weeks on Billboard magazine 's album chart with a total of 490 ( three of which were spent at number one ) . His second longest album chart run was the 295 weeks belonging to his Platinum 1959 album Heavenly , which gave him five weeks in the top spot . In a ranking of the top album artists of the last half of the 1950s in terms of Billboard chart performance , he comes in at number two , for the 1960s , number 10 , and for the period from 1955 to 2009 he is at number six . The recurring appearance of Mathis holiday releases on the various album charts in Billboard began with 1958 's Merry Christmas , which peaked at number three during the four weeks it spent that holiday season on the magazine 's biggest album chart ( now known as the Billboard 200 ) and returned to place at various positions within the top 40 slots there for the next four years . When the magazine first had a separate chart for Christmas albums from 1963 to 1973 , Merry Christmas ranked somewhere in the top 10 on it for another seven years , and on the Top Pop Catalog chart that was created for older titles , it had eight return appearances during the 1990s . His Sounds of Christmas LP spent two weeks at number two on the Christmas Albums chart upon its 1963 release and re-charted for the next five years , and 1969 's Give Me Your Love for Christmas reached number one there during its first of several annual chart showings before achieving Platinum certification . Other notable holiday projects include Home for Christmas , a 1990 home video special that went platinum , and Sending You a Little Christmas , a 2013 release that earned him a Grammy nomination in the category of Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album . Mathis also recorded 43 songs that reached Billboard magazine 's Hot 100 chart in the United States and another nine that `` bubbled under '' the Hot 100 . Six of these 52 recordings made the top 10 , including 1957 's `` Chances Are '' and the 1978 Deniece Williams duet , `` Too Much , Too Little , Too Late '' , which each spent a week at number one , and 32 of them are also on the list of 50 entries that Mathis had on the magazine 's Easy Listening chart , which was started in 1961 . 19 of those 50 songs made the top 10 on that list , and two of them ( `` I 'm Coming Home '' and `` Too Much , Too Little , Too Late '' ) went on to number one . The Williams duet also spent four weeks at number one on the magazine 's R&B chart and was certified Gold after selling one million copies . In the UK Mathis spent three weeks at number one on the singles chart in 1976 with `` When a Child Is Born '' and had two compilations reached the top spot on the albums chart : 1977 's The Mathis Collection and 1980 's Tears and Laughter . `` Too Much , Too Little , Too Late '' and `` When a Child Is Born '' both achieved Silver certification for singles by the British Phonographic Industry for sales of 250,000 units in the UK , and the latter eventually reached the 500,000 mark to earn Gold certification . 16 of his LPs met the 60,000 album sales mark in the UK to be certified Silver , with eight of those going on to sell 100,000 copies for Gold certification and one of those eight ( The Johnny Mathis Collection , 1976 ) making it to the 300,000 total necessary for the Platinum award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9026b7ac4a957638c9da2298a41783ea", "text": "Latin Grammy Award for Best Christian Album (Spanish Language) The Latin Grammy Award for Best Christian Album ( Spanish Language ) is an award for Latin Christian music given every year since the 5th Latin Grammy Awards ceremony , which took place at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles . In 2002 and 2003 the category was named Best Christian Album and rewarded the Christian albums in Spanish and Portuguese .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2be5dae23998b709b0f987bf0c7b27a2", "text": "Lo Nuestro Award for Tropical New Artist of the Year The Lo Nuestro Award for Tropical/Salsa New Artist of the Year is an honor presented annually by American network Univision . It was first awarded in 1989 and has been given annually since to recognize the most talented performers of Latin music . The nominees and winners were originally selected by a voting poll conducted among program directors of Spanish-language radio stations in the United States and also based on chart performance on Billboard Latin music charts , with the results being tabulated and certified by the accounting firm Deloitte . At the present time , the winners are selected by the audience through an online survey . The trophy awarded is shaped in the form of a treble clef . The award was first presented to Nicaraguan singer Luis Enrique . Puerto-Rican American performer Olga Tañón was a nominee in 1993 and eventually became the most awarded performer in Lo Nuestro Awards history , with 22 accolades . American singer Marc Anthony won the following year and also received the Grammy Award for Best Tropical Latin Performance for the album Contra la Corriente in 1998 . Puerto-Rican American artist Elvis Crespo earned the award in 1999 , the same year that his songs `` Suavemente '' and `` Tu Sonrisa '' peaked at number-one at the Billboard Latin Songs chart . At the 12th Lo Nuestro Awards , Son by Four was named Tropical New Artist of the Year aided by the massive success of their single `` A Puro Dolor '' , which later ranked 1st at the Hot Latin Songs 25th Anniversary chart . Colombian singer-songwriter Fonseca won in 2007 and also earned the Latin Grammy Award for Best Tropical Song . In 2013 , the Pop , Regional Mexican and Tropical/Salsa New Artist of the Year categories were merged on a Lo Nuestro Award for Best New Artist category in the General Field ; however , the following year , the Lo Nuestro Award for Tropical New Artist of the Year was reincorporated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2872269620d377fd7630822d4c9e53fb", "text": "Latin Grammy Award for Best Pop/Rock Album The Latin Grammy Award for Best Pop/Rock Album is an honor presented annually at the Latin Grammy Awards , a ceremony that recognizes excellence and creates a wider awareness of cultural diversity and contributions of Latin recording artists in the United States and internationally . It is one of the new categories added for the Latin Grammy Awards of 2012 In 2014 , Somos by Jarabe de Palo was the first album to be nominated for this award and for Album of the Year . In 2016 , Algo Sucede by Julieta Venegas was nominated for this award and for Album of the Year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c45f4f5334cadaf1d57b672a7bed1c9a", "text": "Grammy Award for Video of the Year The Grammy Award for Video of the Year was an honor presented to recording artists at the 24th Grammy Awards in 1982 and the 25th Grammy Awards in 1983 for music videos . The Grammy Awards , an annual ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , are presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position '' . First presented in 1982 to Michael Nesmith for Elephant Parts , the award was reserved for quality `` video cassettes or discs in any format created specifically for the home video market '' . In 1983 , Olivia Newton-John was presented the award for Olivia Physical . Beginning with the 1984 Grammy Awards , the Video of the Year award category was replaced with the categories Best Video , Short Form and Best Video Album ( now known as Best Music Video and Best Music Film , respectively ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c93d740905f138c32da0d4fb6b516409", "text": "Latin Grammy Award for Best Grupero Album The Latin Grammy Award for Best Grupero Album was first handed to Los Temerarios during the 1st Latin Grammy Awards ceremony which took place at the Staples Center in Los Angeles , California under the name of Best Grupero Performance . In 2002 it was named Best Grupero Album and was last handed out in 2009 to group Caballo Dorado . The male Grupero artist with the most wins and nominations is Joan Sebastian , with two nominations and both wins . The female Grupero artist with the most nominations and wins is Ana Bárbara , with 4 nominations and one win . The group with the most nominations and wins is La Mafia with four nominations and one win . The grupero act with the most nominations is Guardianes del Amor with five . Other notable winners include Alicia Villarreal , Grupo Bryndis , and Atrapado . Some other notable nominees also include Bronco , Marco Antonio Solis , Jennifer Pena , Mariana Seoane , Grupo Limite , Grupo Mojado , and Liberacion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "872634e234c0c8bef37fc20a43ddff8a", "text": "Chicken-n-Beer Chicken-n-Beer is the third studio album by American rapper Ludacris . It was released on October 7 , 2003 , by Disturbing tha Peace and Def Jam Recordings . Recording sessions took place from 2002 to 2003 , and it was handled by several record producers , including DJ Nasty & LVM , Kanye West , Mo B. Dick , DJ Paul , Juicy J and Ludacris himself . The Southern hip hop album , Chicken-n-Beer is musically similar to Ludacris ' previous work , with his use of a fast , highly versatile flow . Some of the songs on the album take a political overtone . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 , selling 429,000 copies in its first week ; unlike Ludacris ' previous albums , the album achieved success outside the United States , charting in several European territories ; including Germany and the United Kingdom . Upon its release , Chicken-n-Beer received positive reviews , with critics praising Ludacris ' technical rapping abilities and production choices , although some criticized the adult humor in the lyrics as excessive . It was supported by four singles that were released from the album , two of which -- `` Stand Up '' and `` Splash Waterfalls '' -- became Ludacris ' first to peak in the top 10 on the US Billboard Hot 100 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6fb0706e9e12ac0760eaa97f22c2a852", "text": "American Music Award for Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist The American Music Award for Favorite Soul/R & B Female Artist has been awarded since 1974 . Years reflect the year during which the American Music Awards were presented , for works released in the previous year ( until 2003 onward , when awards were handed out on November of the same year ) . The all-time winner in this category is Rihanna with 6 wins .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "adb4bad788858e07512e383c58133404", "text": "Steph Jones Steph Jones is an American singer , songwriter , and model . He was signed to Def Jam , through Ludacris ' Disturbing tha Peace but left the label .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31e0c2902da52dd1f923e4530182e88b", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song The Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song was a new category at the 2015 ceremony of the annual Grammy Awards . It combines two previously separate categories in the Gospel/Contemporary Christian Music field , Best Contemporary Christian Music Song and Best Gospel/Contemporary Christian Music Performance . The new category recognizes both songwriters and performers ( solo/duos/groups / collaborations/etc . ) and is open for singles or tracks only . Songwriters are only awarded a Grammy Award if it is a newly written song . Grammy 's for cover versions of previously recorded songs are awarded to the performer ( s ) only . Along with the also newly formed Best Gospel Performance/Song category , these mark the only Grammy categories which honor both performers and songwriters in one category . These changes were made in June 2014 by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences `` in the interest of clarifying the criteria , representing the current culture and creative DNA of the gospel and Contemporary Christian Music communities , and better reflecting the diversity and authenticity of today 's gospel music industry . '' According to the Grammy committee , the move recognizes `` the critical contribution of both songwriters and performers by combining songwriters and artists into the Best Gospel Performance/Song and Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song categories . '' Gospel performances , which were previously recognized in the Best Gospel/Contemporary Christian Music Performance category , will now fall under the newly created Best Gospel Performance/Song category .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26cea62ceab8d40a721c65321e27f02d", "text": "Your Secret Love Your Secret Love is the tenth studio album by American R&B recording artist Luther Vandross , released on October 1 , 1996 ( see 1996 in music ) . The album 's title track won the Grammy Award for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance and was nominated for Best R&B Song in 1997 . It was his final album for Epic Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "895d4076d1a7aee760bc2967bd05e497", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition The Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition ( including its previous names ) has been awarded since 1960 . The award is presented to the composer of an original piece of music ( not an adaptation ) , first released during the eligibility year . In theory , any style of music is eligible for this category , but winning compositions are usually in the jazz or film score genres . The Grammy is awarded to the composer ( s ) of the music , not to the performing artist , except if the artist is also the composer . There have been several minor changes to the name of the award : In 1958 it was awarded as Best Musical Composition First Recorded and Released in 1958 ( over 5 minutes duration ) In 1960 it was awarded as Best Musical Composition First Recorded and Released in 1959 ( more than 5 minutes duration ) In 1962 it was awarded as Best Instrumental Theme or Instrumental Version of Song From 1963 to 1964 and from 1967 to 1970 it was awarded as Best Instrumental Theme In 1965 it was awarded as Best Instrumental Composition ( other than jazz ) From 1971 to the present it has been awarded as Best Instrumental Composition Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were presented , for works released in the previous year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53aac8fe732cdb6453db0c517dc87ece", "text": "South African Music Award for Newcomer of the Year The South African Music Awards ( often simply the SAMAs ) are the Recording Industry of South Africa 's music industry awards , established in 1995 . The ceremony is held in late-April or May every year , with the judging process starting in November of the previous year . The nominations are typically announced at the end of March . The winners receive a gold-plated statuette called a SAMA . The show is consistently held at the Super Bowl in Sun City , with exception of two years , and broadcast live on national broadcaster , SABC . The ceremony features live performances by a selection of nominees . The SAMAs are considered the South African equivalent of the American Grammy Awards . MTN has been the title sponsor of the event since 2003 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6eda4fc0042da78360cab798fd3398b8", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Country Solo Performance The Grammy Award for Best Country Solo Performance is an award presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it is designed for solo ( vocal or instrumental ) country recordings and is limited to singles or tracks only . The award combines the previous categories for Best Female Country Vocal Performance , Best Male Country Vocal Performance and Best Country Instrumental Performance ( if it is an instrumental solo performance ) . The restructuring of these categories was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards and to eliminate the distinctions between male and female performances .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "532b8d92510feeff72678b5f7b0ae887", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance was an award presented at the 2012 and 2013 Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it was designed for solo , duo/groups or collaborative ( vocal or instrumental ) hard rock or metal recordings and was limited to singles or tracks only . The award was first presented in 2012 , after a major restructuring of Grammy categories . It combined the previous categories Best Hard Rock Performance and Best Metal Performance . The restructuring was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards . However , the Recording Academy announced in June 2013 that the category would split in 2014 , returning the Best Metal Performance category and recognizing quality hard rock performances in the Best Rock Performance category . According to the Academy , `` it was determined that metal has a very distinctive sound , and hard rock more closely aligns with rock and can exist comfortably as one end of the rock spectrum . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b80b08059e3f2c4c3bda5cbd5507f217", "text": "Sex Room `` Sex Room '' is a song recorded by Ludacris for his seventh studio album , Battle of the Sexes . The song features Trey Songz , who it was also written by along with Ludacris . It was produced by Kajun and was released as the third single from the album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "809a32289a7e771d5c65b332cd5812b1", "text": "Latin Grammy Award for Best Singer-Songwriter Album The Latin Grammy Award for Best Singer-Songwriter Album is an honor presented annually at the Latin Grammy Awards , a ceremony that recognizes excellence and creates a wider awareness of cultural diversity and contributions of Latin recording artists in the United States and internationally . According to the category description guide for the 13th Latin Grammy Awards , the award is reserved for solo artists or duos and they `` must compose and interpret 75 percent of the album on their own to be eligible in this category '' . Additionally , live albums are eligible if they contain at least 51 percent of new unreleased material released within the eligibility period . The accolade for Best Singer-Songwriter Album was first presented to American performer and musician Soraya at the 5th Latin Grammy Awards in 2004 for her eponymous fourth studio album ( 2003 ) . Caetano Veloso and Gian Marco Zignago have received the most wins in this category , with four . Guatemalan singer Ricardo Arjona has the highest number of nominations without a single win , with four unsuccessful nominations . For the first time in the category 's history , in 2011 , a tie was declared with the award given to Zignago for Días Nuevos and to Cuban artist Amaury Gutiérrez for Sesiones Intimas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c01276185246f261980f83d0875cb36", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Country Duo/Group Performance The Grammy Award for Best Country Duo/Group Performance is an award presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . It was first awarded in 2012 , after a major overhaul of Grammy Award categories . The award combines the previous categories for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal , Best Country Collaboration with Vocals and Best Country Instrumental Performance ( if the instrumental recording is performed by a duo or group ) . The restructuring of these categories was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it is designed for duo/group or collaborative ( vocal or instrumental ) country recordings and is limited to singles or tracks only .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e0a4c486afb279b6da8d7538f2f0879", "text": "Dale (album) Dale ( Spanish for `` Hit it '' ) is the ninth studio album by American rapper Pitbull . It was released July 17 , 2015 , through Mr. 305 , Polo Grounds Music , RCA Records and Sony Music Latin . This album arrives five years after his latest Spanish-language LP Armando , released in 2010 . Dale won a Grammy award for the Grammy Award for Best Latin Rock , Urban or Alternative Album at the 58th Annual Grammy Awards , becoming Pitbull 's first Grammy award win .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "21bcbaaeffa00edf048796c6a8efa535", "text": "Portia de Rossi Portia Lee James DeGeneres ( born Amanda Lee Rogers ; January 31 , 1973 ) , also known professionally as Portia de Rossi ( -LSB- ˈpɔərʃə_də_ˈrɒsi -RSB- ) , is an Australian and American actress , model , and philanthropist . She appeared as a regular cast member on the American political thriller television series Scandal in the role of Elizabeth North from 2014 to 2017 . She is also known for her roles as lawyer Nelle Porter on the American television series Ally McBeal -- for which she won a Screen Actors Guild Award in 1999 -- and as Lindsay Fünke on the American television sitcom Arrested Development . She also portrayed Veronica Palmer on the ABC television sitcom Better Off Ted , and Olivia Lord on the television drama Nip/Tuck . De Rossi is married to comedian and television host Ellen DeGeneres .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "3fef31565708cb335bdf30b479e00929", "text": "Lindsay Ashford Lindsay Ashford is a British crime novelist and journalist . Her style of writing has been compared to that of Vivien Armstrong , Linda Fairstein and Frances Fyfield . Many of her books follow the character of Megan Rhys , an investigative psychologist . Raised in Wolverhampton , Ashford became the first woman to graduate from Queens ' College , Cambridge in its 550-year history . She gained a degree in criminology . Ashford was then employed as a reporter for the BBC before becoming a freelance journalist , writing for a number of national magazines and newspapers . In 1996 , she took a crime writing course run by the Arvon Foundation . Her first book , Frozen , was published by Honno in 2003 . Strange Blood was shortlisted for the 2006 Theakston 's Old Peculier Crime Novel of the Year Award . She wrote The Rubber Woman for the Quick Reads series in 2007 . Her historical mystery , The Mysterious Death of Miss Austen , was adapted for radio by Andrew Davies and Eileen Horne . It was broadcast on BBC Radio 4 's Woman 's Hour in February 2014 . Her novel , With Love and Crocodiles , was published independently on 4 November 2013 , and was then revised and re-published in April 2015 , under the title , `` The Color of Secrets . '' Her latest book , published in 2016 , `` The Woman on the Orient Express , '' is a novel with a fictional version Agatha Christie as its heroine . Ashford currently lives on the Welsh coast near Aberystwyth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c3365b912c3af6e4555a11f21cb20ca", "text": "Lindsay Rhodes Lindsay Rhodes ( previously known as Lindsay Soto ) is an American sportscaster , journalist , and television personality who is currently a host and reporter for the NFL Network .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85500c08d546ac083ca483b10273346a", "text": "Portlandia (TV series) Portlandia is a sketch comedy television series set and filmed in and around Portland , Oregon , starring Fred Armisen and Carrie Brownstein . The show is produced by Broadway Video Television and IFC Original Productions . It was created by Fred Armisen and Carrie Brownstein , along with Jonathan Krisel , who directs it . It debuted on IFC on January 21 , 2011 . The show shares its title with the sculpture of the same name that sits above the entrance of the Portland Building on Fifth Avenue in downtown Portland , which appears in the show 's title sequence . The show has won a Peabody Award . In January 2017 , the series was renewed for an eighth and final season to debut in 2018 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b1856f745a398c1556f8075fe93924c", "text": "L.A. Noire L.A. Noire is a neo-noir detective action-adventure video game developed by Team Bondi and published by Rockstar Games . It was initially released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 platforms on 17 May 2011 ; a Microsoft Windows port was later released on 8 November 2011 . L.A. Noire is set in Los Angeles in 1947 and challenges the player , controlling a Los Angeles Police Department ( LAPD ) officer , to solve a range of cases across five divisions . Players must investigate crime scenes for clues , follow up leads , and interrogate suspects , and the player 's success at these activities will impact how much of each case 's story is revealed . The game draws heavily from both the plot and aesthetic elements of film noir -- stylistic films made popular in the 1940s and 1950s that share similar visual styles and themes , including crime and moral ambiguity -- along with drawing inspiration from real-life crimes for its in-game cases , based upon what was reported by the Los Angeles media in 1947 . The game uses a distinctive colour palette , but in homage to film noir it includes the option to play the game in black and white . Various plot elements reference the major themes of detective and mobster stories such as The Naked City , Chinatown , The Untouchables , The Black Dahlia , and L.A. Confidential . L.A. Noire is notable for using Depth Analysis 's newly developed technology MotionScan , whereby the actors portraying the game 's characters were recorded by 32 surrounding cameras to capture facial expressions from every angle . The technology is central to the game 's interrogation mechanic , as players must use the suspects ' reactions to questioning to judge whether or not they are lying . L.A. Noire was the first video game to be shown at the Tribeca Film Festival . Upon release , the game received wide acclaim for its advances in storytelling and facial animation technology . As of February 2012 , both PC and console versions had shipped nearly 5 million copies combined .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef1c2aecf6613805d89474b3ef863e0d", "text": "Development girl A d-girl ( a.k.a. development girl ) is a non-influential , entry-level staffer in a film production company . Responsibilities include : finding and identifying story ideas worthy of adaptation into a script , and potentially a feature film ; and writing script coverage for scripts submitted to the production company . In Hollywood 's movie industry , a d-girl is the opposite of `` player '' . Category : Film production", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93a09fdf79f1258f17b52dbe5dad9251", "text": "Drea de Matteo Drea de Matteo ( -LSB- dreɪ_də_məˈteɪoʊ -RSB- born January 19 , 1972 ) is an American actress , known for her roles as Angie Bolen on ABC 's Desperate Housewives , Joey Tribbiani 's sister Gina on the NBC sitcom Joey , Wendy Case on FX series Sons of Anarchy , and Adriana La Cerva on the HBO TV series The Sopranos , a role for which she won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series . She currently stars as Det. Tess Nazario in NBC 's Shades of Blue .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5056f849b5fb60dbe4b8b05237eb9d6f", "text": "Arrested Development (season 1) The first season of the television comedy series Arrested Development aired between November 2 , 2003 and June 6 , 2004 , on Fox in the United States . It consisted of 22 episodes , each running approximately 22 minutes in length . The first season was released on DVD in region 1 on October 19 , 2004 , in region 2 on March 21 , 2005 and in region 4 on February 23 , 2005 . The show 's storyline centers on the Bluth family , a formerly wealthy , habitually dysfunctional family and is presented in a continuous format , incorporating hand-held camera work , narration , archival photos , and historical footage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "deeb714696541c51d7e850275fbcad9f", "text": "Analysis of Cork-Based Networking `` Analysis of Cork-Based Networking '' is the sixth episode of the fifth season of Community , and the 90th episode overall in the series . It originally aired on January 30 , 2014 on NBC ; and is written by Monica Padrick and directed by Tristram Shapeero . It is also the last episode of the season to air before going on hiatus during the 2014 Winter Olympics . The season resumed on February 27 , 2014 . The episode also featured the return of Brie Larson as Rachel , who last appeared in the fourth season episode `` Herstory of Dance . '' In this episode , Annie Edison ( Alison Brie ) and Professor Buzz Hickey ( Jonathan Banks ) confront numerous Greendale heads -- including the head custodian Bob Waite ( Nathan Fillion ) -- while others prepare the cafeteria for the midterm dance . The episode received generally positive reviews , with many praising the show 's use of guest stars ; however , some noted Troy Barnes 's ( Donald Glover ) absence negatively . Upon airing , the episode attained 3.01 million viewers and an 18-49 rating of 1.1 , placing third in its timeslot and tenth for the night in primetime television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68fb86fb125294b15cb2af8a748a6f8a", "text": "L.A. Law L.A. Law is an American television legal drama series that ran for eight seasons on NBC , from September 15 , 1986 , to May 19 , 1994 . Created by Steven Bochco and Terry Louise Fisher , it contained many of Bochco 's trademark features including an ensemble cast , large number of parallel storylines , social drama , and off-the-wall humor . It reflected the social and cultural ideologies of the 1980s and early 1990s , and many of the cases featured on the show dealt with hot-topic issues such as capital punishment , abortion , racism , gay rights , homophobia , sexual harassment , AIDS , and domestic violence . The series often also reflected social tensions between the wealthy senior lawyer protagonists and their less well-paid junior staff . In addition to its main cast , L.A. Law was also well known for featuring then relatively unknown actors and actresses in guest starring roles , who later went on to greater success in film and television including : Don Cheadle , Jeffrey Tambor , Kathy Bates , David Schwimmer , Jay O. Sanders , James Avery , Gates McFadden , Bryan Cranston , C.C.H. Pounder , Kevin Spacey , Richard Schiff , Carrie-Anne Moss , William H. Macy , Stephen Root , Christian Slater , and Lucy Liu . Several episodes of the show also included celebrities such as Vanna White , Buddy Hackett and Mamie Van Doren appearing as themselves in cameo roles . The show was popular with audiences and critics , and won 15 Emmy Awards throughout its run , four of which were for Outstanding Drama Series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2c4e54dfc9a420be62c2e3737addd2d", "text": "Lindsay Hartley Lindsay Nicole Hartley ( née Korman ; born April 17 , 1978 ) is an American actress and singer . She is known for her role as Theresa Lopez-Fitzgerald Crane Winthrop on Passions , Cara Castillo on All My Children and for her role as Arianna Hernandez on Days of Our Lives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24856e83158c27cf3b33068e553f6665", "text": "Kim Greylek Kim Greylek is a fictional character on the NBC crime drama Law & Order : Special Victims Unit , portrayed by Michaela McManus .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c34f34e48c6a91a2f89680aa5847faad", "text": "Leslie Knope Leslie Barbara Knope ( -LSB- ˈnoʊp -RSB- ) is a fictional character and the protagonist of the NBC comedy Parks and Recreation . She is portrayed by Amy Poehler . For most of the show 's run , she serves as Deputy Director of the Parks and Recreation Department of the fictional city of Pawnee , Indiana . An over-achiever , Knope believes the government should serve the people .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "19e4e9147e7dd16bf218f3c86b3e9a95", "text": "Portlandia (season 7) The seventh season of the television comedy Portlandia premiered on IFC in the United States on January 5 , 2017 , consisting a total of 10 episodes . The series stars Fred Armisen and Carrie Brownstein .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0763f997dff541e0208509baf69a7eab", "text": "Arrested Development (radio series) Arrested Development was a short-lived British radio programme that aired from May to June 2000 . There were four half-hour episodes and it was broadcast on BBC Radio 4 . It starred Letitia Dean and Susannah Doyle . The show was written by Simon Warne and produced by Tracey Neale .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17f63184e1642cec628bc8660f185454", "text": "Naomi Clark Naomi Clark , played by AnnaLynne McCord , is a fictional character from the CW primetime drama 90210 , the fourth series of the Beverly Hills , 90210 franchise . The character was created by Rob Thomas , Gabe Sachs , and Jeff Judah , with later developments by Rebecca Sinclair , and occasional input from McCord . During early stages of production , Naomi was largely described as a privileged and popular teenager . Prior to the series ' premiere , Sachs and Judah would further develop Naomi into an antiheroine with a number of flaws , virtues , and familial issues . In the second season , Sinclair , the new show-runner , maintained the previous developments but presented a more comedic take on the character . McCord has expressed fondness for the multi-faceted nature of the role , citing it as a factor in her decision to accept the part . Often regarded as the show 's central figure , Naomi has received critical acclaim from the Los Angeles Times , Entertainment Weekly , People magazine , and other media outlets . Reviews have praised AnnaLynne McCord 's performance and the complexity of the role . Conversely , Naomi has also been a recipient of criticism , particularly during the second season . For her work in the role , McCord was nominated for a Teen Choice Award in 2009 , and won a Breakthrough of the Year Award in 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "299bad5811cbdb45eda402522eea5e15", "text": "Dexter (season 1) The first season of Dexter is an adaptation of Jeff Lindsay 's first novel in the Dexter series , Darkly Dreaming Dexter . Subsequent seasons have featured original storylines . This season aired from October 1 , 2006 to December 17 , 2006 , and follows Dexter 's investigation of `` The Ice Truck Killer '' . Introduced in the first episode , `` Dexter '' , this serial killer targets prostitutes and leaves their bodies severed and bloodless . At the same time , Dexter 's foster sister , Debra Morgan ( Jennifer Carpenter ) , a vice squad officer , aspires to work in the homicide department , and Dexter 's girlfriend , Rita Bennett ( Julie Benz ) , wants their relationship to be more intimate . Christian Camargo appears as Rudy Cooper and is a recurring character until the end of the season . The show 's first season received generally favorable reviews from critics ; it was praised as `` bold , different and exciting , with a central character and performance that take your breath away '' by the New York Daily News . The Wall Street Journal saw `` the grotesqueries of Dexter '' as `` not something that can easily be dismissed with the old '' ` you do n't have to watch ' line '' , and concluded that `` We do have to live among the viewers who will be desensitized , or aroused , by this show '' . The aggregate site Metacritic scored the show 's first season at 77 out of 100 based on 27 critics reviews . The season received high ratings for Showtime ; the pilot episode attracted more than a million viewers , giving the channel its highest ratings in nearly two years , while the finale `` Born Free '' drew an audience of 1.1 million viewers in the U.S. On average , the season was watched by two million viewers per episode during its original run when factoring in DVR viewers . Due to the 2007 -- 2008 Writers Guild strike and encouraged by the show 's critical success and high ratings on Showtime , CBS , a national terrestrial broadcast network , announced in December 2007 that it was considering airing an edited version of the first season of Dexter for free-to-air broadcast . It began to broadcast it on February 17 , 2008 , and thus , Dexter became the first program in 20 years to air on a broadcast network after being shown on a premium cable channel . During the show 's rerun on the CBS network in 2008 , the ratings were much higher , reaching 8.2 million viewers during its premiere February , giving the network its best rating in the 10 p.m. timeslot since December the previous year . During its 12-week run , it dropped to 7.1 million in early April , and to 6.6 million during the season 's finale on May 6 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea51e3306ba90255fefecbe2d95992e6", "text": "Procedural drama A procedural drama is a genre of television programming which focuses on how crimes are solved or some other aspect of a law enforcement agency , legislative body , or court of law . Some dramas include a lab or conference room with high-tech or state-of-the-art equipment where the main characters meet to work out the problem . Shows usually have an episodic format that does not require the viewer to have seen previous episodes . Episodes typically have a self-contained , also referred to as stand-alone , plot that is introduced and resolved within the same episode . The procedural format is popular around the world . In 2011 , the director of a TV consultancy said , `` The continuing trend is for procedurals because they use a predictable structure . '' Due to their stand-alone episodic nature , they are more accessible to new viewers than serials . Self-contained episodes also make it easier for viewers to return to a show if they have missed some episodes . In general , procedural dramas can usually be re-run with little concern for episode order . Procedurals are often criticized for being formulaic . Procedurals are also generally less character-driven than serialized shows . However , some procedurals have more character emphasis than is typical of the format . Some may occasionally feature a storyline stretching over several episodes . A popular variant is the police procedural .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d6fac3356955bc59c42d60c5e0a003a", "text": "Allie Kingston Allegra `` Allie '' Kingston is a fictional character from the Australian television drama City Homicide , played by Nadia Townsend . She made her first screen appearance in the third season episode `` Meet & Greet '' , which was broadcast on 10 August 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0bea8bfb24d3881bca037cda37511d0b", "text": "Christine Lahti Christine Ann Lahti ( born April 4 , 1950 ) is an American actress . She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the 1984 film Swing Shift . Her other film roles include ... And Justice for All ( 1979 ) , Housekeeping ( 1987 ) , Running on Empty ( 1988 ) , and Leaving Normal ( 1992 ) . For her directorial debut with the 1995 short film Lieberman in Love , she won the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film . Lahti made her Broadway debut in 1980 as a replacement in Loose Ends , and went on to star in the Broadway productions of Present Laughter ( 1982 ) and The Heidi Chronicles ( 1989 ) . An eight-time Golden Globe nominee and six-time Emmy Award nominee , she won a Golden Globe for the 1989 TV movie No Place Like Home , and won a Golden Globe and an Emmy in 1998 for her role as Kate Austin in the CBS series Chicago Hope ( 1995 -- 99 ) . She returned to Broadway in 2009 to star in God of Carnage . She also had a recurring role as Sonya Paxton in the NBC series Law and Order : Special Victims Unit ( 2009 -- 11 ) , as Doris McGarrett in the CBS series Hawaii Five-0 ( 2012 -- 16 ) , and Laurel Hitchin in NBC 's The Blacklist ( 2015 -- 17 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54b34bde860f82c3d3efe616271f2f7a", "text": "DeGeneres DeGeneres is a surname . Notable people with the surname include : Betty DeGeneres ( born 1930 ) , mother of Ellen DeGeneres and American activist . Ellen DeGeneres ( born 1958 ) , American stand-up comedian , television hostess , and actress . Vance DeGeneres ( born 1954 ) , American actor , older brother of Ellen DeGeneres . Portia de Rossi , or Portia DeGeneres ( born 1973 ) , wife of Ellen DeGeneres and American actress .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "75d633d28e7501e0c607097202f66211", "text": "Destiny (video game) Destiny is an online-only multiplayer first-person shooter video game developed by Bungie and published by Activision . It was released worldwide on September 9 , 2014 , for the PlayStation 3 , PlayStation 4 , Xbox 360 , and Xbox One consoles . Destiny marked Bungie 's first new console franchise since the Halo series , and it is the first game in a ten-year agreement between Bungie and Activision . Set in a `` mythic science fiction '' world , the game features a multiplayer `` shared-world '' environment with elements of role-playing games . Activities in Destiny are divided among player versus environment ( PvE ) and player versus player ( PvP ) game types . In addition to normal story missions , PvE features three-player `` strikes '' and six-player raids . A free roam patrol mode is also available for each planet and features public events . PvP features objective-based modes , as well as traditional deathmatch game modes . Players take on the role of a Guardian , protectors of Earth 's last safe city as they wield a power called Light to protect the City from different alien races . Guardians are tasked with reviving a celestial being called the Traveler , while journeying to different planets to investigate and destroy the alien threats before humanity is completely wiped out . Bungie released four expansion packs , furthering the story , and adding new content , missions , and new PvP modes . Year One of Destiny featured two small expansions , The Dark Below in December 2014 and House of Wolves in May 2015 . A third , larger expansion , The Taken King , was released in September 2015 and marked the beginning of Year Two , changing much of the core gameplay . In December 2015 , Destiny shifted to an event-based model , featuring more limited-time events . A new , large expansion called Rise of Iron was released in September 2016 , beginning Year Three . Rise of Iron was only released for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One ; PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 clients subsequently stopped receiving updates . A full sequel , Destiny 2 , is scheduled for September 2017 . Upon its release , Destiny received mixed to positive reviews with criticism centered mostly around the game 's storyline and post-campaign content . The game was praised for maintaining lineage from the Halo franchise , particularly in regards to its competitive experiences . On day one of its release , it sold over US$ 500 million at retail , making it the biggest new franchise launch of all time . It was GamesRadar 's 2014 Game of the Year and it received the BAFTA Award for Best Game at the 2014 British Academy Video Games Awards .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "3f6c24ae89f2bcb82390b9b67e1ad503", "text": "List of Final Fantasy media Final Fantasy is a series of role-playing video games developed and published by Square Enix ( formerly Square ) . Its first game premiered in Japan in 1987 , and Final Fantasy games have subsequently been localized for markets in North America , Europe and Australia , on nearly every video game console since its debut on the Nintendo Entertainment System . Final Fantasy is Square Enix 's most successful franchise , having sold over 97 million units worldwide to date . In addition to traditional role-playing games , the series includes tactical role-playing games , portable games , massively multiplayer online role-playing games , and games for mobile phones . Its popularity has placed it as the sixth-best-selling video game franchise , and the series has won multiple awards over the years . In addition to the 15 games released as part of the main ( numbered ) series and their many spin-offs and related titles , the Final Fantasy series has spawned many works in other media including anime , movies , novels and manga , and radio dramas . Final Fantasy : Unlimited , originally a stand-alone anime series , now has its own sub-franchise which includes video games . Many games , particularly the main series , have soundtrack album releases featuring their music in different arrangements . Square Enix has also consistently released companion books for its games which provide additional backstory and plot information , as well as detailed walkthroughs for the game . Since the announcement of Compilation of Final Fantasy VII , Square Enix has focused on `` polymorphic content '' , expanding each game world with material on many video game platforms , as well as other forms of media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2442919c15283120b7770493d2b082a4", "text": "List of Game of the Year awards Game of the Year ( abbreviated GotY ) is a title awarded by various gaming publications to a deserving game . Many publications award a single `` Game of the Year '' to a single title that they feel represents the pinnacle of gaming achievement that year . Many games will release a `` Game of the Year '' edition after winning any of these awards , usually containing all the updates , downloadable content ( DLC ) and occasionally other extras such as a soundtrack .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3c65bcab5f758c09c321425c1786a057", "text": "Chrono Trigger is a role-playing video game developed and published by Square ( now Square Enix ) for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 1995 . Chrono Triggers development team included three designers that Square dubbed the `` Dream Team '' : Hironobu Sakaguchi , the creator of Square 's Final Fantasy series ; Yuji Horii , a freelance designer and creator of Enix 's popular Dragon Quest series ; and Akira Toriyama , a freelance manga artist famed for his work with Dragon Quest and Dragon Ball . Kazuhiko Aoki produced the game , Masato Kato wrote most of the plot , while composer Yasunori Mitsuda scored most of the game before falling ill and deferring the remaining tracks to Final Fantasy series composer Nobuo Uematsu . The game 's story follows a group of adventurers who travel through time to prevent a global catastrophe . Square re-released a ported version by Tose in Japan for the PlayStation in 1999 , later repackaged with a Final Fantasy IV port as Final Fantasy Chronicles in 2001 for the North American market . A slightly enhanced Chrono Trigger , again ported by Tose , was released for the Nintendo DS on November 25 , 2008 , in North America and Japan , and went on sale in Australia on February 3 , 2009 , and in Europe on February 6 , 2009 . The game was never released in PAL territories before the Nintendo DS version . Chrono Trigger was a critical and commercial success upon release and is frequently cited as one of the best video games of all time . Nintendo Power magazine described aspects of Chrono Trigger as revolutionary , including its multiple endings , plot-related sidequests focusing on character development , unique battle system , and detailed graphics . Chrono Trigger was the third best-selling game of 1995 , and the game 's SNES and PlayStation iterations have shipped 2.65 million copies as of March 2003 . The version for the Nintendo DS sold 790,000 copies as of March 2009 . Chrono Trigger was also ported to i-mode mobile phones , Virtual Console , the PlayStation Network , iOS devices , and Android devices .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ef64862ffaf91638b4d6e96e3ce7684", "text": "Creation Engine The Creation Engine is a 3D video game engine created by Bethesda Game Studios based on the Gamebryo engine . The Creation Engine has been used to create role-playing video games , like The Elder Scrolls V : Skyrim including Special Edition ( Remastered Edition on consoles ) and Fallout 4 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1eb734bd5d2b1a2600ee60cbf8a45545", "text": "Myth: The Fallen Lords Myth : The Fallen Lords is a 1997 real-time tactics video game developed by Bungie for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS . Released in November 1997 in North America and in February 1998 in Europe , the game was published by Bungie in North America and by Eidos Interactive in Europe . At the time , Bungie was known primarily as developers of Mac games , and The Fallen Lords was the first game they had developed and released simultaneously for both PC and Mac . It is the first game in the Myth series , which also includes a sequel , Myth II : Soulblighter , set sixty years after the events of the first game , and also developed by Bungie , and a prequel , Myth III : The Wolf Age , set one thousand years prior to the events depicted in The Fallen Lords , and developed by MumboJumbo . The game tells the story of the battle between the forces of the `` Light '' and those of the `` Dark '' for control of an unnamed mythical land . The Dark are led by Balor and a group of lieutenants ( the titular Fallen Lords ) , whilst the Light are led by `` The Nine '' ; powerful sorcerers known as `` Avatara , '' chief amongst whom is Alric . The game begins in the seventeenth year of the war in the West , some fifty years since the rise of Balor , with the forces of Light on the brink of defeat ; almost the entire land is under the dominion of the Dark , with only one major city and a few smaller towns remaining under the control of the Light . The plot follows the activities of `` The Legion '' , an elite unit in the army of the Light , as they attempt to turn back the tide and defeat Balor . The Fallen Lords received positive reviews from critics , and is credited as a defining title in the fledging real-time tactics genre . Reviewers praised its plot , graphics , gameplay , level design , online multiplayer mode , and differentiation from traditional real-time strategy games . The most often criticized aspects were the difficulty of the single-player campaign , which many reviewers felt was far too high , even on the lowest setting , and some awkwardness in controlling units . The game went on to win multiple awards , including `` Strategy Game of the Year '' from both PC Gamer and Computer Gaming World , and `` Game of the Year '' from both Computer Games Strategy Plus and Macworld . It was also a commercial success , selling over 350,000 units worldwide across both systems , earning back roughly seven times its budget . At the time , it was Bungie 's most successful game , and served to bring them to the attention of PC gamers and , more specifically , Microsoft , who would purchase the company in 2000 . The Myth series as a whole , and Soulblighter in particular , supported an active online community for over a decade after the official servers went offline . The first formally organized group of volunteer-programmers was MythDevelopers , who were given access to the game 's source code by Bungie . The most recently active Myth development group is Project Magma , an offshoot of MythDevelopers . These groups have worked to provide ongoing technical support for the games , update them to newer operating systems , fix bugs , release unofficial patches , create mods , and maintain online servers for multiplayer gaming .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f2818af46990b7560ddcd67a4237dcf", "text": "Space: 1889 Space : 1889 is a tabletop role-playing game of Victorian-era space-faring , created by Frank Chadwick and originally published by Game Designers ' Workshop from 1988 to 1991 and later reprinted by Heliograph , Inc. in 2000 and 2001 . In February 2013 Chronicle City announced that they were working with the German publisher Uhrwerk Verlag/Clockwork Publishing on a new English edition of Space 1889 , which is based on the German edition from 2011 which uses the Ubiquity ruleset . In December 2014 Uhrwerk Verlag separated their ties with Chronicle City and continued the translation of the new English version on their own . The PDF of the English Ubiquity core rulebook was released in October 2014 , the print version in November 2015 . The first published description of Space : 1889 was in the `` Feedback '' column in the TSR/SPI publication Ares Magazine in 1983 , as a proposal for a board wargame . The title is both a parody of the television show Space : 1999 and a continuation of the GDW naming convention applied to two of its previous role-playing games , Twilight : 2000 and Traveller : 2300 ( the latter of which was later renamed 2300 AD in order to prevent confusion with Traveller ) , though neither previous game had any connection to the Space : 1889 universe . The name Space : 1889 is a registered trademark belonging to Chadwick .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01d1026face241c273a9973bfca88dc1", "text": "DeHackEd DeHackEd is an editor created by Greg Lewis for the executable of the original Doom that allows the operation of the executable to be changed . Version 3.1 , the last update of the program , was released on February 26 , 1997 . Hit points , sounds , frame sequences , text strings , and several other miscellaneous values can be changed . Modifications can be distributed in the form of DeHackEd `` patches '' which can be applied to the executable . At the time DeHackEd was released , Doom was a closed-source program , and thus to allow new features to be made available , the only choice was to patch the executable ( as opposed to being able to change the source , which can now be done since id Software has made public a release of the sources ) . The most common patches add fast monsters and weapons , player-seeking-self-detonating barrels , and so on . However , more balanced and artistic modifications can and have been made . Even though many advanced effects can be achieved with DeHackEd , it does not offer the complete flexibility that a custom source port can provide . Monster AI and armor classes are fixed for example . Older DeHackEd patches use a binary format of data to be applied to an executable file using the DeHackEd patching utility . Later versions of DeHackEd save their patches in a human-readable plain text format that can be edited with any text editor . Boom included the ability to load DeHackEd patches and effect changes to the game upon startup without any modification to the executable file . Other source ports added similar functionality , and command-line loadable DeHackEd support is now common with most modern source ports . Boom also provided the BEX ( Boom EXtended ) extensions for DeHackEd support . BEX allows greater flexibility in string editing , application of codepointers to any frame , and extra codepointers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "825f10cd66a1d507c801b6f952b1b08f", "text": "F.E.A.R. F.E.A.R. First Encounter Assault Recon is a survival horror first-person shooter video game developed by Monolith Productions and published by Sierra Entertainment . It was released on October 17 , 2005 , for Microsoft Windows , and ported by Day 1 Studios to the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 . Timegate Studios has released two expansion packs , F.E.A.R. Extraction Point in October 2006 , and F.E.A.R. Perseus Mandate in November 2007 . A direct sequel titled F.E.A.R. 2 : Project Origin , was released in February 2009 , and a second sequel , F. 3 . A.R. , was released in June 2011 , though it was developed by Day 1 Studios ( now known as Wargaming Chicago-Baltimore ) , not by Monolith Productions . The game 's story revolves around a supernatural phenomenon , which F.E.A.R. -- a fictional special forces team -- is called to contain . The player assumes the role of F.E.A.R. 's Point Man , who possesses superhuman reflexes , and must uncover the secrets of a paranormal menace in the form of a little girl . F.E.A.R. was well received by critics , scoring 89 % on GameRankings , and The New York Times calling it `` as thrilling and involving as Half-Life . '' A `` Director 's Edition '' DVD version of the game was also released . The DVD included a `` Making of '' documentary , a director 's commentary , a short live-action prequel and the exclusive first episode of the promotional P.A.N.I.C.S. machinima . A related Dark Horse comic book was also packaged with the DVD . Along with the Director 's Edition , F.E.A.R. Gold Edition was released . Gold Edition included the Director 's Edition and Extraction Point . F.E.A.R. Platinum Edition features the original game and two expansion packs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dcdc0170c885526ed3707bf96422fc25", "text": "Halo: Reach Halo : Reach is a first-person shooter video game developed by Bungie and published by Microsoft Game Studios for the Xbox 360 home video game console . The sixth installment in the Halo series , Reach was released worldwide in September 2010 . The game takes place in the year 2552 , where humanity is locked in a war with the alien Covenant . Players control Noble Six , a member of an elite supersoldier squad , when the human world known as Reach falls under Covenant attack . After releasing Halo 3 in 2007 , Bungie split into teams to develop two different games -- what would become Halo 3 : ODST and Reach . The developers decided to create a prequel to the original Halo game trilogy , freeing themselves from the obligation of addressing old story threads . As the game would take place on a human world doomed to be destroyed , they focused on making the environment a character unto itself . Longtime Halo composers Martin O'Donnell and Michael Salvatori returned to compose Reachs music , aiming for a more somber sound to match the story . Reach was announced at the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2009 in Los Angeles , California , and the first in-engine trailer was shown at the 2009 Spike Video Game Awards . Players who purchased ODST were eligible to participate in a Reach multiplayer beta in May 2010 ; the beta allowed Bungie to gain player feedback for fixing bugs and making gameplay tweaks before shipping the final version . Microsoft gave Reach its biggest game marketing budget yet and created award-winning live-action commercials , action figures , and interactive media to promote the game . The game grossed US$ 200 million on its launch day , setting a new record for the franchise . Reach sold well in most territories , moving more than three million units its first month in North America . Critical reception was positive ; reviewers from publications such as GamePro , IGN , and Official Xbox Magazine called it the best Halo title yet . Critics generally praised the game 's graphics and sound , but the plot and characters were less positively received . Reach was Bungie 's final Halo game ; subsequent games have been overseen by Microsoft subsidiary 343 Industries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9598f666c5f7a1250a375d38be87521", "text": "Final Fantasy XIII is a science fiction role-playing video game developed and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles and later for the Microsoft Windows operating system . Released in Japan in December 2009 and worldwide in March 2010 , it is the thirteenth title in the mainline Final Fantasy series . The game includes fast-paced combat , a new system for the series for determining which abilities are developed for the characters called `` Crystarium '' , and a customizable `` Paradigm '' system to control which abilities are used by the characters . Final Fantasy XIII includes elements from the previous games in the series , such as summoned monsters , chocobos , and airships . The game takes place in the fictional floating world of Cocoon , whose government , the Sanctum , is ordering a purge of civilians who have supposedly come into contact with Pulse , the much-feared world below . The former soldier Lightning begins her fight against the government in order to save her sister who has been branded as an unwilling servant to a god-like being from Pulse , making her an enemy of Cocoon . Lightning is soon joined by a band of allies , and together the group also become marked by the same Pulse creature . They rally against the Sanctum while trying to discover their assigned task and whether they can avoid being turned into monsters or crystals at the completion . Development began in 2004 , and the game was first announced at Electronic Entertainment Expo ( E3 ) 2006 . Final Fantasy XIII is the flagship title of the Fabula Nova Crystallis collection of Final Fantasy games and is the first game to use Square Enix 's Crystal Tools engine . Final Fantasy XIII received mostly positive reviews from video game publications , which praised the game 's graphics , presentation , and battle system . The game 's story received a mixed response from reviewers , and its linearity compared to previous games in the series was mostly criticized . Selling 1.7 million copies in Japan in 2009 , Final Fantasy XIII became the fastest-selling title in the history of the series . As of January 2013 , the game has sold over 6.6 million copies worldwide . The Microsoft Windows version has sold over 700,000 copies according to SteamSpy . A sequel , titled Final Fantasy XIII-2 , was released in December 2011 in Japan and in February 2012 in North America and PAL regions . A second sequel , titled Lightning Returns : Final Fantasy XIII , which concludes Lightning 's story and the Final Fantasy XIII saga , was released in November 2013 in Japan and in February 2014 in North America and PAL regions . In September 2014 , Square Enix announced the Final Fantasy XIII series has been widely successful and has shipped over 11 million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6fcd357bd9830d1131c769cba9114f46", "text": "Unreal (1998 video game) Unreal is a first-person shooter video game developed by Epic MegaGames , Digital Extremes , and Legend Entertainment and published by GT Interactive in April 1998 . It was powered by an original game engine that now bears the game 's name , and had been in development for over three years in founder Tim Sweeney 's garage before the game was released . Since the release of Unreal , the franchise has had one sequel and two different series based on the Unreal universe . One official bonus pack , the Epic-released Fusion Map Pack , can be downloaded free of charge . Unreal Mission Pack : Return to Na Pali was released in June 1999 , and added 17 new missions to the single player campaign of Unreal . Unreal and Return to Na Pali would later be bundled together as Unreal Gold . Additionally , the games were updated to run on the Unreal Tournament version of the game engine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "045b7bee165e77f69f0b159f04158953", "text": "Bloodbath of B-R5RB The Bloodbath of B-R5RB or the Battle of B-R5RB was a massive-scale virtual battle fought in the MMORPG space game Eve Online , and was possibly the largest player versus player battle in history . Pitting the Clusterfuck Coalition and Russian alliances ( CFC/Rus ) against N3 and Pandemic Legion ( N3/PL ) , the 21-hour-long conflict involved over 7,548 player characters overall and a maximum of 2,670 players in the B-R5RB system at one time . The in-game cost of the losses totalled over 11 trillion InterStellar Kredit ( ISK ) , an estimated theoretical real-world value of $ 300,000 to $ 330,000 USD . This theoretical value is derived from PLEX , an item purchasable with real currency that can be redeemed either for subscription time or traded for in-game currency . Part of a larger conflict known as the Halloween War , the fight started after a single player controlling a space station in the star system B-R5RB accidentally failed to make a scheduled in-game routine maintenance payment which made the system ( a key staging area used by N3/PL in the war ) highly vulnerable to capture . The CFC and Russian coalitions began pouring players into the system in a swift offensive , and N3/PL moved in a large fleet of players as a response as well . A massive battle erupted in the system and numerous smaller engagements occurred throughout the game universe as players attempted to block reinforcements from joining the battle . CFC/Rus gained a clear win by inflicting heavy losses on N3/PL and successfully capturing B-R5RB . The losses totalled 576 Capital-class ships including 75 Titans ( the largest ships available to players ) , along with thousands of smaller vessels . To commemorate the sheer size and cost of the battle , the game 's creators , CCP Games , erected a permanent monument in the system B-R5RB named `` The Titanomachy '' , consisting of non-salvageable capital ship wrecks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d1ba067ba8356479f16c450291d67a15", "text": "System Reference Document The System Reference Document ( SRD ) is a set of reference role playing game mechanics licensed under the Open Game License by Wizards of the Coast ( or WotC ) and based upon their Dungeons and Dragons role-playing game . The SRD forms the basis of WotC 's various d20 System role-playing games , including the d20 System itself , d20 Modern and d20 Future . The SRD is also the basis for role-playing games published by companies other than WotC ; these include Mutants & Masterminds , Arcana Evolved , Labyrinth Lord , and OSRIC , among others . Some other game systems ( such as FATE ) have also released their own mechanics under OGL-licensed `` System Reference Documents '' of their own ; however , this article discusses specifically the d20 SRD .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "41eccdb9749eac8bf51ac2555c6f561d", "text": "Infinity (upcoming video game) Infinity is the postponed massively multiplayer online space simulation video game originally intended to be the first game built on the I-Novae engine by I-Novae Studios . While the I-Novae engine has been in development since 2004 ( as a personal project until 2010 ) , development of Infinity never started . In Infinity , the player controls a spacecraft and travels throughout a galaxy trying to make a name for themselves . Players will be able to connect to an online server on which large numbers of other people are playing in a persistent world . A pre-alpha combat prototype was launched in 2006 and a tech demo video was released in 2010 . In 2013 , the development team announced the postponement of Infinity the MMO and a new plan to fund Infinity : Battlescape , a space combat game , through Kickstarter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00a47f45a8903ab372e4f8938ed1c815", "text": "List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times . Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 . BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design . At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ccf13f8adcca60bf96d9eb8095128661", "text": "The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim The Elder Scrolls V : Skyrim is an open world action role-playing video game developed by Bethesda Game Studios and published by Bethesda Softworks . It is the fifth main installment in The Elder Scrolls series , following The Elder Scrolls IV : Oblivion , and was released worldwide for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 , and Xbox 360 on November 11 , 2011 . The game 's main story revolves around the player character and their quest to defeat Alduin the World-Eater , a dragon who is prophesied to destroy the world . The game is set two hundred years after the events of Oblivion , and takes place in the fictional province of Skyrim . Over the course of the game , the player completes quests and develops the character by improving skills . The game continues the open world tradition of its predecessors by allowing the player to travel anywhere in the game world at any time , and to ignore or postpone the main storyline indefinitely . Skyrim was developed using the Creation Engine , rebuilt specifically for the game . The team opted for a unique and more diverse game world than Oblivions Imperial Provence of Cyrodiil , which game director and executive producer Todd Howard considered less interesting by comparison . The game was released to critical acclaim , with reviewers particularly mentioning the character development and setting , and is considered to be one of the greatest video games of all time . The game shipped over seven million copies to retailers within the first week of its release , and sold over 30 million copies across all platforms . Three downloadable content ( DLC ) add-ons were released -- Dawnguard , Hearthfire , and Dragonborn -- which were repackaged into The Elder Scrolls V : Skyrim -- Legendary Edition , which was released in June 2013 . The Elder Scrolls V : Skyrim -- Special Edition , a remastered version of the game , was released for Windows , Xbox One , and PlayStation 4 in October 2016 , which includes all three DLC expansions and a minor graphical upgrade , along with additional features such as modding capabilities on consoles . A port for the Nintendo Switch is planned for release in 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dbe5cbcadee4921477a75c09f9e4a61b", "text": "Star of the Guardians Star of the Guardians is a series of fantasy novels by Margaret Weis . The series consists of several volumes : The Lost King King 's Test King 's Sacrifice Ghost Legion The Knights of the Black Earth ( 1995 ) , ISBN 0-451-45425-1 Robot Blues ( 1996 ) , ISBN 0-451-45581-9 Hung Out ( 1998 ) , ISBN 0-451-45618-1 Star of the Guardians is a series of four science fiction / space opera novels written by Margaret Weis without assistance from usual co-author Tracy Hickman . The original trilogy , The Lost King , King 's Test and King 's Sacrifice , concerns Dion 's adventures and eventual rise to the throne . A few years later , Margaret Weis realized that , while Dion had achieved his goals , the main characters of the series ( sundered lovers Sagan and Maigrey ) had not achieved peace , and penned the fourth book , Ghost Legion . She has since completed a trilogy of spin-offs concerning the mercenary team Mag Force 7 introduced in King 's Sacrifice . Based originally on The Magnificent Seven , the team developed a much more varied membership just in time to star in their own novels : The Knights of the Black Earth , Robot Blues and Hung Out . Weis and Don Perrin released a collectible card game under the name `` Mag Force 7 '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55b693ab78514ba93b9faae19d74edf7", "text": "Destiny Worldwide Records Destiny Worldwide Records ( often stylized as dW Records or DW Records ) is an independent record label based in Monroe , Washington , USA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd46bf2df98e8ee392e14d6b9536e768", "text": "Dawn of Destiny Dawn of Destiny is a German power metal band from Bochum , Germany which incorporates elements of thrash , gothic and death metal . As of 2012 , Dawn of Destiny has released four studio albums .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18d33ed350690675d5e265ef878ea3af", "text": "Vampire Destiny Vampire Destiny is the fourth and final trilogy in The Saga of Darren Shan by author Darren Shan . The trilogy included The Lake of Souls , Lord of the Shadows and Sons of Destiny . This series goes more in depth on the Lord of Shadows and the future where he rules , and Harkat 's secrets of his past life are finally revealed .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "0c24c27b459d8fc0440ae7501e05166e", "text": "Imperium (2016 film) Imperium is a 2016 American thriller film , written and directed by Daniel Ragussis , from a story by Michael German . The film stars Daniel Radcliffe , Toni Collette , Tracy Letts , Nestor Carbonell , and Sam Trammell . The film was released on August 19 , 2016 in a limited release and through video on demand by Lionsgate Premiere .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "da106573fbb7e2da01294c803954d891", "text": "Allied (film) Allied is a 2016 romantic thriller film directed by Robert Zemeckis and written by Steven Knight . It stars Brad Pitt as a Canadian intelligence officer and Marion Cotillard as a French Resistance fighter and collaborator , who fall in love during a mission in Casablanca . Jared Harris , Simon McBurney and Lizzy Caplan also star . Principal photography began in February 2016 in London . The film was released in the United States on November 23 , 2016 by Paramount Pictures , receiving mixed reviews from critics , although Pitt and particularly Cotillard 's performances were praised , and grossed $ 119 million worldwide . It received an Academy Award nomination for Best Costume Design .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "437dfc085a0511bf6d7b7e5e7435752b", "text": "Fish Tank (film) Fish Tank is a 2009 British drama film written and directed by Andrea Arnold . The film is about Mia Williams , a volatile and socially isolated 15-year-old who lives with her single mother , Joanne . The mother 's new boyfriend , Conor , becomes attracted to Mia and has sex with her . Fish Tank was well-received and won the Jury Prize at the 2009 Cannes Film Festival . It also won the 2010 BAFTA for Best British Film . It was filmed in the Mardyke Estate in Havering , the town of Tilbury , and the A13 , and funded by BBC Films and the UK Film Council . The film was theatrically released on 11 September 2009 by Curzon Artificial Eye .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0b813faaff83452ca7dd7cf6e2b7169", "text": "Odeon Cinemas Odeon is a cinema company operating in the United Kingdom and Ireland , which along with UCI Cinemas is part of the Odeon Cinemas Group . It uses the famous name of the Odeon cinema circuit first introduced in Britain in 1930 . The first Odeon cinema was opened by Oscar Deutsch in 1928 , in Brierley , Staffordshire , although initially called `` Picture House '' . The first cinema to use the Odeon brand name was Deutsch 's cinema at Perry Barr , Birmingham in 1930 . Ten years later Odeon was part of the Rank Organisation who continued their ownership of the circuit for a further sixty years . Through a number of sales and acquisitions in the early 2000s the company was purchased by Terra Firma , which merged Odeon and UCI Cinemas to form Odeon UCI Cinemas Group . Most UCI cinemas then took the Odeon brand name in 2006 . Terra Firma sold the company to AMC Theatres in November 2016 . In 2016 , Odeon was the largest cinema chain in the United Kingdom by market share ( although the Irish cinemas were also included within this figure ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d035fb5c0732bcafd2298892cd5426a", "text": "Privilege (film) Privilege is a 1967 British film directed by Peter Watkins and produced by John Heyman . Johnny Speight wrote the story , and Norman Bogner wrote the script . Some of it was filmed on location in Birmingham , England , partly at Birmingham City F.C. 's St Andrew 's stadium and at Birmingham Town Hall .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6be37a6f6b81de2fac99917a6da7ff9c", "text": "Outpost (film) Outpost is a 2008 British horror film , directed by Steve Barker and written by Rae Brunton , about a rough group of experienced mercenaries who find themselves fighting for their lives after being hired to take a mysterious businessman into the woods to locate a World War II-era military bunker .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "315c7bf7a45dc7a22cd20418d9fb7796", "text": "Beyond Citizen Kane Beyond Citizen Kane ( 1993 ) is a British documentary film directed by Simon Hartog , produced by John Ellis , and first broadcast on Channel 4 . It details the dominant position of the Rede Globo media group , the largest in Brazil , and discusses the group 's influence , power , and political connections . Globo 's president and founder Roberto Marinho was criticised and compared to the fictional newspaper tycoon Charles Foster Kane , created by Orson Welles for the 1941 film Citizen Kane . According to the documentary , Marinho 's media group engages in manipulation of news to influence public opinion . Rede Globo objected to the film 's position and tried to buy Brazilian rights , but Hartog had already made agreements to give non-TV rights to political and cultural groups in Brazil . While it is often claimed in Brazil that exhibiting the documentary in Brazil was forbidden by the justice , John Ellis claims that there are no legal restrictions in place , but the documentary ca n't be broadcast on TV in Brazil since it contains large sections of footage owned by Globo . However , copies sold in Britain reached Brazil in the 1990s and circulated widely there . In addition , since the Internet boom of the early 21st century , the film has been released on sharing networks and had hundreds of thousands of views , as measured on YouTube and Google Video .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c97cfb845c1f466d300a36c0b54caa0", "text": "Precious Cargo (film) Precious Cargo is a 2016 Canadian action film directed by Max Adams , co-written by Adams and Paul V. Seetachitt , and starring Mark-Paul Gosselaar and Bruce Willis , alongside a supporting cast featuring Claire Forlani , John Brotherton , Lydia Hull , and Daniel Bernhardt . The film was released on April 22 , 2016 , by Lionsgate Premiere .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa6e9c8487342b7db1fdcd2454aa3ebd", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language The BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . The award was first given at the 36th British Academy Film Awards , recognising the films of 1982 , and until 1990 was known as the BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Film . Prior to this , films recorded in a language other than English were often recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best Film , known between 1949 and 1969 as Best Film from any Source . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe040bb2024ec929deedf9ddb0b793d7", "text": "Brum (TV series) Brum ( -LSB- ˈbrʌm -RSB- ) is a British children 's television series about the adventures of a small , artificially intelligent , self-driven car . Set in Birmingham , England and produced by Ragdoll Productions , Brum was first broadcast in 1991 and the last live action series was broadcast in 2002 . It was initially directed , written and produced by Anne Wood and initially narrated by Toyah Willcox . The show was first aired on BBC One , and also aired in the United States on Discovery Family , and on ABC in Australia ( 6 October 1993 -- 26 December 2008 ) . A new CGI-animated series , aimed at young pre-school children , was produced in 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "922c558af89b1942ce5c8daaf004da97", "text": "Opiate Films Opiate Films ( or ` Opiate of the People Films ' ) was created in 2000 in reaction to the British film industry 's output of very little other than period and gangster films . Running as more of a collective of filmmakers , rather than a formal company , it took 3 years for the company to raise the capital to buy its own equipment , members are now free to create films , music promos and TV shows of their own devising , whether live-action , animated , CGI-heavy or musical . With 15 members who work on films regularly , and around 25 members who pitch in occasionally , it is one of the fastest growing film companies in the UK , and the only one to work in its unique way . Members are not picked because of impressive CVs or previous experience , but of excitement and enthusiasm for film . Some come burdened with ideas , looking for an outlet , whilst others have a particular field they want to work in . Either way , nobody is turned down if they are willing to pitch in , whether helping on other people 's films , or providing their own ideas . The first film to find success was the 2005 short film `` Early Retirement '' which screened at the Cannes Film Festival . It was written and produced by Paul Cannon , a gifted filmmaker who died in May 2007 Since that success , another short has screened in Cannes , not to mention over 30 films seen at festivals since 2003 . Opiate of the People films have also completed three feature films , the latest of which is Simon & Emily", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc33d4ecc038ded10dc518897f6ba42a", "text": "The Journey (2016 film) The Journey is a 2016 British-Irish drama film directed by Nick Hamm and written by Colin Bateman . The film tells the true story of how political enemies , Ian Paisley and Martin McGuinness , formed an unlikely friendship and changed the course of history . It stars Timothy Spall , Colm Meaney , Freddie Highmore , John Hurt , Toby Stephens , and Ian Beattie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3306117aa28a9631077b9ff43cfdd38a", "text": "'71 (film) '71 is a 2014 British historical thriller film set in Northern Ireland , written by Gregory Burke and directed by Yann Demange . It stars Jack O'Connell , Sean Harris , David Wilmot , Richard Dormer , Paul Anderson and Charlie Murphy , and tells the story of a British soldier who becomes separated from his unit during a riot in Belfast at the height of the Troubles in 1971 . Filming began on location in Blackburn , Lancashire , in April 2013 and continued in Sheffield and Liverpool . The film was funded by the British Film Institute , Film4 , Creative Scotland and Screen Yorkshire . The film had its premiere in the competition section of the 64th Berlin International Film Festival , held in February 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2608087c4daf68ddf10a39b3608990a", "text": "Despite the Falling Snow (film) Despite the Falling Snow is a 2016 British Cold War espionage film directed by Shamim Sarif , adapted from her novel of the same name . Starring Rebecca Ferguson , Charles Dance , Oliver Jackson-Cohen , Antje Traue , Sam Reid , Anthony Head and Thure Lindhardt the film was released in the United Kingdom on April 15 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6bf87cce54f5778d336352a0580eb924", "text": "Bastille Day (film) Bastille Day ( released as The Take in North America and on international home release ) is a 2016 action film directed and co-written by James Watkins . It is a Luxembourgian , French and American venture produced by Anonymous Content , Vendôme Pictures , TF1 Films Production and StudioCanal . The film stars Idris Elba , Richard Madden , Charlotte Le Bon , Eriq Ebouaney and José Garcia . The film was released in the United Kingdom on 22 April 2016 and 13 July 2016 in France , and on 18 November 2016 in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "70e38c247af90cc27f22849d86c77828", "text": "Geography of London London is the largest urban area and capital city of the United Kingdom , located in southeastern Great Britain . The London region covers an area of 1579 km2 , and had a population of 7,172,036 in 2001 and a population density of 4,542 people per square kilometre . A larger area , referred to as the London Metropolitan Region or the London Metropolitan Agglomeration covers an area of 8382 km2 , and had a population of 12,653,500 and a population density of 1,510 people per square kilometre . London is a port on the Thames ( see main article Port of London ) , a navigable river . The river has had a major influence on the development of the city . London began on the Thames ' north bank and for a long time the main focus of the city remained on the north side of the Thames . For many centuries London Bridge was the only bridge in or close to the city . When more bridges were built in the 18th century , the city expanded in all directions as the mostly flat or gently rolling countryside presented no obstacle to growth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7dcb31d030ed15ac3efcf4c09507ab7b", "text": "Deadman Apocalypse Deadman Apocalypse is a 2016 science fiction film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "048998534d17fc08472e6a2f36c6b9c2", "text": "Film and Music Entertainment Film and Music Entertainment is a British film production company based in London UK . The company was founded by Mike Downey and Sam Taylor in 2000 and has since produced films such as Guy X and Deathwatch to name a few .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1794607c304f64b935b4f954b4c7a3f5", "text": "Hyena (2014 film) Hyena is a 2014 British film described as a `` police corruption thriller '' . written and directed by Gerard Johnson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b61a7c2ef4e4de2686cd9f21b8c2c091", "text": "2016 in film 2016 in film is an overview of events , including the highest-grossing films , award ceremonies , festivals , and a list of films released and deaths .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "9f5104264188c22ccb35158626423eb3", "text": "Vlad the Impaler Vlad III , known as Vlad the Impaler ( Vlad Țepeș -LSB- pronˈvlad_ˈțepeș -RSB- ) or Vlad Dracula ( 1428/311476/77 ) , was voivode ( or prince ) of Wallachia three times between 1448 and his death . He was the second son of Vlad Dracul , who became the ruler of Wallachia in 1436 . Vlad and his younger brother , Radu , were held as hostages in the Ottoman Empire from 1442 to secure their father 's loyalty . Vlad 's father and eldest brother , Mircea , were murdered after John Hunyadi , Regent-Governor of Hungary , invaded Wallachia in 1447 . Hunyadi installed Vlad 's second cousin , VladislavII , as the new voivode . Hunyadi launched a military campaign against the Ottomans in the autumn of 1448 , and Vladislav accompanied him . Vlad broke into Wallachia with Ottoman support in October , but Vladislav returned and Vlad sought refuge in the Ottoman Empire before the end of the year . Vlad went to Moldavia in 1449 or 1450 , and later to Hungary . He invaded Wallachia with Hungarian support in 1456 . Vladislav died fighting against him . Vlad began a purge among the Wallachian boyars to strengthen his position . He came into conflict with the Transylvanian Saxons , who supported his opponents , Dan and Basarab Laiotă ( who were Vladislav 's brothers ) , and Vlad 's illegitimate half-brother , Vlad the Monk . Vlad plundered the Saxon villages , taking the captured people to Wallachia where he had them impaled ( which gave rise to his cognomen ) . Peace was restored in 1460 . The Ottoman Sultan , Mehmed II , ordered Vlad to pay homage to him personally , but Vlad had the sultan 's two envoys captured and impaled . In February 1462 , he broke into Ottoman territory , massacring tens of thousands of Turks and Bulgarians . Mehmed launched a campaign against Wallachia to replace Vlad with Vlad 's younger brother , Radu . Vlad attempted to capture the sultan at Târgovişte during the night of 1617June 1462 . The sultan and the main Ottoman army left Wallachia , but more and more Wallachians deserted to Radu . Vlad went to Transylvania to seek assistance from Matthias Corvinus , King of Hungary , in late 1462 , but Corvinus had him imprisoned . Vlad was held in captivity in Visegrád from 1463 to 1475 . During this period , anecdotes about his cruelty started to spread in Germany and Italy . He was released at the request of Stephen III of Moldavia in the summer of 1475 . He fought in Corvinus 's army against the Ottomans in Bosnia in early 1476 . Hungarian and Moldavian troops helped him to force Basarab Laiotă ( who had dethroned Vlad 's brother , Radu ) to flee from Wallachia in November . Basarab returned with Ottoman support before the end of the year . Vlad was murdered before 10January 1477 . Books describing Vlad 's cruel acts were among the first bestsellers in the German-speaking territories . In Russia , popular stories suggested that Vlad was able to strengthen central government only through applying brutal punishments , and a similar view was adopted by most Romanian historians in the 19th century . Vlad 's reputation for cruelty and his patronymic gave rise to the name of the vampire Count Dracula in Bram Stoker 's 1897 novel Dracula .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "271c104aec2acc022a6b452baddcb6e0", "text": "Simeon of Moscow Simeon Ivanovich Gordiy ( the Proud ) ( Семён Иванович Гордый in Russian ) ( 7 November 1316 -- 27 April 1353 ) was Prince of Moscow and Grand Prince of Vladimir . Simeon continued his father 's policies aimed to increase the power and prestige of his state . Simeon 's rule was marked by regular military and political standoffs against the Novgorod Republic and Lithuania . His relationships with neighboring Russian principalities remained peaceful if not passive : Simeon stayed aside from conflicts between subordinate princes . He had recourse to war only when war was unavoidable . A relatively quiet period for Moscow was ended by the Black Death that claimed the lives of Simeon and his sons in 1353 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "83b35cbe99c5ec5e9fb00aab44c6a1a7", "text": "Vlad cel Tânăr Vlad V cel Tânăr ( Vlad V the Younger or `` Vladuț '' ; 1494 -- 23 January 1512 ) was the Prince of Wallachia ( 1510 -- 1512 ) . He took the throne from Mircea III Dracul on 8 April 1510 with the help of Mehmet the Ottoman and with the support of the Craiovești family . In exchange , the prince vowed protection to Mehmet and his family and Parvu Craiovescu , member of the Craiovești family , became the head of the Divan of Wallachia . Parvu was then followed by Danciu and in 1511 , by Bogdan , the Prince 's brother-in-law . On 17 August 1511 , Vlad signed the treaty with the Hungarian King , in which he swore allegiance to the crown . At the time , the head of the divan was Bogdan , and not the Craiovești family , which although it caused anger to the boyars , still remained faithful to the Prince . The Craiovești proved their faithfulness on the 28th of November when , they helped repel Mircea , son of Mihnea take over the throne using the magyar army at Gherghița . After November however , Vlad and the Craiovești had a fallout . The boyars , accustomed to being in the head of the state , were envious of Bogdan 's authority . Moreover , Vlad suspected Neagoe , the son of Parvu Craiovescu of wanting to become the Prince of Wallachia . As a result , the boyars left Vlad and crossed the Danube to Mehmet . With his help , the Ottoman army and the Craiovești pretender started marching to Bucharest . At Văcărești , the battle was lost for Vlad and he was taken prisoner . On 23 January 1512 , Vlad V cel Tânăr was decapitated under a pear tree in Bucharest .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27e5e713e1cca17e4ae656d89a974c38", "text": "Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia Vladimir Kirillovich , Grand Duke of Russia ( Cyrillic : Влади́мир Кири́ллович Рома́нов ; 21 April 1992 ) was the Head of the Imperial Family of Russia , a position which he claimed from 1938 to his death .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ce24dcde5e8177ac691e0125ec8ac9c", "text": "Poenari Castle Poenari Castle ( -LSB- po.eˈnarʲ -RSB- ) , also known as Poenari Citadel ( Cetatea Poenari in Romanian ) , is a ruined castle in Romania , notable for its connection to Vlad III the Impaler . Access to the citadel is made by climbing the 1,480 concrete stairs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "05b9d38af580dd52926cf4286c72aeab", "text": "Ernak Ernak was the last ruler of the Huns , and the third son of Attila . After Attila 's death in 453 AD , his Empire crumbled and its remains were ruled by his three sons , Ellac , Dengizich and Ernak . He succeeded his older brother Ellac in 454 AD , and probably ruled simultaneously over Huns in dual kingship with his brother Dengizich , but in separate divisions in separate lands . Priscus during his stay at Attila 's court in 448 or 449 AD , recorded a personal occasion between Attila and Ernak . At a banquet Attila looked on him with serene eyes , while took small account of his other sons . He was Attila 's favorite son , because as a certain Hun explained to him , the prophets ( probably shamans ) prophesied his genos would fail , but would be restored by this son . Ernak has often been identified with Irnik from the Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans , who is noted as descendant of the Dulo clan and leader of the Bulgars for 150 years starting approximately from 437 AD .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa291bf06819fa1905f633d318b7317f", "text": "Vladikavkaz Vladikavkaz ( -LSB- Владикавка́з , p = vlədʲɪkɐˈfkas -RSB- , lit . ruler of the Caucasus ; -LSB- Дзæуджыхъæу , r = Dzæudžyqæu , p = ˈd͡zæwd͡ʒəqæw -RSB- , lit . Dzaug 's settlement ) is the capital city of the Republic of North Ossetia -- Alania , Russia . It is located in the southeast of the republic at the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains , situated on the Terek River . Population : Vladikavkaz is one of the most populous cities in the North Caucasus . The city is an industrial and transportation center . Manufactures include processed zinc and lead , machinery , chemicals , clothing , and food products .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da05725384512dc75bcd022310539cdf", "text": "Maria Voichița Doamna Maria Voichița ( 1457 -- 26 February 1511 ) was a Princess consort of Moldavia ( 1480 -- 1511 ) , daughter of Radu III the Handsome and a niece of Vlad the Impaler . She was regarded to have an influence upon the policy of her spouse , Prince Stephen III of Moldavia , whom she married in 1478 . Her son Bogdan III the One-Eyed was Voivode of Moldavia too . She is buried in the Putna Monastery , Romania .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da4594948d6ce654a98d39a179f55ca7", "text": "George I of Imereti George I ( გიორგი I , Giorgi I ) ( died 1392 ) , of the Bagrationi dynasty , was king of western Georgian kingdom of Imereti from 1389 to 1392 . George was born sometime after 1358 into the family of Bagrat I , then duke ( and ex-king ) of Imereti , and his wife , of the Jaqeli family of Samtskhe . He succeeded as king of Imereti on the death of his elder brother , Alexander I , who had proclaimed himself king in opposition to King Bagrat V of Georgia during Timur 's invasion of the country . Unlike his predecessor , George initially enjoyed more success in consolidating his power over Imereti ; more fortresses were seized from Bagrat 's loyalists and his protégé , Arsen , was installed as catholicos of the church in 1390 . In 1392 , he led his army to subdue Vameq I Dadiani , Duke of Mingrelia , but he suffered a crushing defeat and was killed on the battlefield . At Vameq 's invitation , Bagrat V 's son , George VII , occupied Imereti , reuniting it with the Kingdom of Georgia . George 's brother , Constantine , and nephew , Demetrius , son of Alexander , fled to the North Caucasus , in the Balkar lands ( Basiani of the Georgian sources ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "41bde86df8975da6d3f10883b09f6c99", "text": "Night Attack at Târgovişte The Night Attack of Târgovişte ( Atacul de noapte de la Târgovişte , Tirgovişte Baskını ) was a battle fought between forces of Vlad III the Impaler of Wallachia and Mehmed II of the Ottoman Empire on Thursday , June 17 , 1462 . The conflict initially started with Vlad 's refusal to pay the jizya ( tax on non-Muslims ) to the Sultan and intensified when Vlad Ţepeş invaded Bulgaria and impaled over 23,000 Turks . Mehmed then raised a great army with the objective to conquer Wallachia and annex it to his empire . The two leaders fought a series of skirmishes , the most notable one being the Night Attack where Vlad Ţepeş attacked the Turkish camp in the night in an attempt to kill Mehmed . The assassination attempt failed , and Mehmed marched to the Wallachian capital of Târgovişte , where he discovered another some 20,000 impaled Turks . The Sultan and his troops then sailed to Brăila and burned it to the ground before retreating to Adrianople . Both sides would claim victory : while Pope Pius II proclaimed Vlad Ţepeş ' campaign a victory for Christianity , Mehmed II 's forces returned home with many captured slaves , horses and cattle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3856e3de941add881db6116410b8f1c", "text": "Alexander I of Imereti Alexander I ( ალექსანდრე I , Alek ` sandre I ) ( died 1389 ) , of the Bagrationi dynasty , was king of western Georgian kingdom of Imereti from 1387 to 1389 . Prior to that , he was eristavi ( `` duke '' ) of Imereti under the authority of the kings of Georgia . Alexander was born sometime after 1358 into the family of Bagrat I , then duke ( and ex-king ) of Imereti , and his wife , a Jaqeli atabeg of Samtskhe . On his father 's death in 1372 , Alexander was appointed by King Bagrat V of Georgia as duke of Imereti . In 1387 , he took advantage of Timur 's invasions of Georgia and proclaimed himself king of Imereti at the Gelati Monastery , but the city of Kutaisi remained in the hands of Bagrat V 's loyalists and the dukes of Mingrelia , Guria , Abkhazia , and Svaneti refused to join him . Alexander succeeded in seizing several fortresses in Imereti , but Kutaisi remained outside his control . He died in 1389 and was succeeded by his brother George I. Alexander was married to a certain Ana . He had two children : Prince Demetrius ( died 1455 ) , Duke of Imereti ; Princess Tamar ( died ) , wife of Alexander I of Georgia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e4223d5a5ccbfac8e8963e10e242073", "text": "Alexander Gorbatyi-Shuisky Prince Alexander Borisovich Gorbatyi-Shuisky was probably the most celebrated and popular general of Ivan the Terrible . The town of Gorbatov in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast bears his name . He belonged to the powerful Shuisky family , being the last scion of its junior branch . His father was one of the most successful generals of Vasily III , but Alexander managed to outshine him at an early age . He was made boyar in 1544 and led the Russian armies against Khanate of Kazan in 1547 . Five years later , when Kazan was besieged , he annihilated the force of prince Yapancha at Arsk Field , making possible the final conquest of Kazan later that year . In acknowledgement of his important services , he was appointed the first Russian governor of Kazan . During the next decade he not only managed to keep Kazan in Russian hands , but also rebuilt the ruined citadel and converted a large portion of the khanate 's population to Christianity . Ivan the Terrible , apparently , grew jealous of Alexander 's popularity in Moscow . In 1564 the tsar incriminated him of secretly supporting Andrey Kurbsky and plotting against Ivan 's life . After that , Alexander and his 17-year-old son Peter were brought to Moscow and beheaded . He left two daughters , one of them being married to the noblest Muscovite boyar , Prince Ivan Mstislavsky , and another one -- to the tsar 's brother-in-law , Nikita Romanovich as his second wife . The latter was grandfather of tsar Mikhail Romanov . Category :1564 deaths Category : Shuysky family Category : Russian military leaders Category : Tsardom of Russia people Category : People executed by the Tsardom of Russia Category : Executed Russian people Category : Year of birth unknown Category : People executed by Russia by decapitation Category :16 th-century executions by Russia", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1f2f57a724de81a3ccd3e82ef7b64de", "text": "Vakhtang Orbeliani Prince Vakhtang Orbeliani ( April 5 , 1812 -- September 29 , 1890 ) was a Georgian Romanticist poet and soldier in the Imperial Russian service , of the noble House of Orbeliani . Vakhtang Orbeliani was born in Tiflis ( Tbilisi ) , then under Imperial Russian rule , to Prince Vakhtang Orbeliani and Princess Tekle , a beloved daughter of the penultimate Georgian king Erekle II . He was a brother of Alexander Orbeliani and a cousin of Grigol Orbeliani , fellow Romanticist poets . He studied at the Tiflis nobility school and enrolled into the St. Petersburg Page Corps which he did not graduate from and returned to homeland to lead , in 1832 , a failed coup attempt against Russian rule in 1832 . The conspirators planned to invite the Russian officials in the Caucasus to a grand ball where they would be given the choice of death or surrender . After the collapse of this plot , Orbeliani was arrested and sentenced to death , but reprieved and exiled to Kaluga . The abortive uprising and relatively mild punishment that followed forced many conspirators to see the independent past as irremediably lost and to reconcile themselves with the Russian autocracy , transforming their laments for the lost past and the fall of the native dynasty into Romanticist poetry . In 1838 , Orbeliani joined the Russian military service and served in the Nizhny Novgorod Dragoon regiment . Most of his military career was spent in the struggle against the rebellious mountainous tribes during the Caucasus War . He was placed in command of the Georgian Grenadier Regiment in 1855 and promoted to major general in 1860 . Between 1858 and 1863 , he carried out various administrative and military duties in the North Caucasus , including being commander in the restive districts of Kabarda and Terek . Later in his career , he served as a member of peasants ' council and worked as an arbitrator . Like his elder brother Alexander 's , his poetry is obsessed with the destruction of the Georgian monarchy at the end of the 18th century , and the poet seeks console in a Christian patience . His best poetry is dominated by the sacred image of Georgian Christianity -- Grapevine cross of St. Nino . Vakhtang Orbeliani is buried in the western corner of Tbilisi Sioni Cathedral .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f342a1aeaf5ecb1b0de1928fbd24998e", "text": "Dan I of Wallachia Dan I was prince of Wallachia from 1383 to 1386 . He was the son of Radu I of Wallachia and the step-brother of Mircea I of Wallachia . The circumstances surrounding his death are unclear . Laonikos Chalkokondyles claims that he was assassinated by his younger step brother Mircea I in collusion with a boyar party . However , the Anonymous Bulgarian Chronicle states that Dan I was assassinated during a campaign fought between 1384-1386 against Ivan Shishman of Tarnovo , who was backed by the Ottomans , purportedly in favour of his uncle Ivan Sratsimir of Vidin , but ultimately part of the early Wallachian rulers ' attempts to expand their rule south of the Danube . Dan I 's descendants were members of the House of Dăneşti , one of the two factions descended from Basarab I , that were claimants to the voivodeship of the Principality of Wallachia in subsequent centuries . The other rival faction was the House of Drăculeşti .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "727c13ee521111794a37b11c09d5654b", "text": "Max Vasmer Max Julius Friedrich Vasmer ( Макс Ю́лиус Фри́дрих Фа́смер 28 February 1886 -- 30 November 1962 ) was a Russian-born German linguist . He studied problems of etymology in Indo-European , Finno-Ugric and Turkic languages and worked on the history of Slavic , Baltic , Iranian , and Finno-Ugric peoples . Born to German parents in Saint Petersburg , Vasmer graduated from Saint Petersburg University in 1907 . From 1910 he delivered lectures there as a professor . During the Russian Civil War of 1917 -- 1922 he worked in the Universities of Saratov and of Yuryev ( Tartu ) . In 1921 he settled in Leipzig , but in 1925 moved to Berlin . In 1938 -- 1939 , he delivered lectures at Columbia University in New York City . It was there that he started to work on his magnum opus , the Etymological dictionary of the Russian language . He delivered the eulogy for Professor Aleksander Brückner in Berlin-Wilmersdorf in 1939 and he took over the chair of Slavistic studies at the University of Berlin . In 1944 the bombing of Vasmer 's house in Berlin destroyed most of his materials . Nevertheless , Vasmer persevered in his work , which was finally published in three volumes by Heidelberg University in 1950 -- 1958 as . Vasmer died in West Berlin on November 30 , 1962 . The Russian translation of Vasmer 's dictionary -- with extensive commentaries by Oleg Trubachyov -- was printed in 1964 -- 1973 . it remains the most authoritative source for Slavic etymology . The Russian version is available on Sergei Starostin 's Tower of Babel web site . Another monumental work led by Max Vasmer involved the compilation of a multi-volume dictionary of Russian names of rivers and other bodies of water . He initiated an even grander project , completed by a team of workers after his death : the publication of a monumental ( 11 volumes ) gazetteer that included virtually all names of populated places in Russia found both in pre-revolutionary and in Soviet sources .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "756cb71be483ba0e41e9d62badaae646", "text": "Yaroslav Vsevolodovich Yaroslav Vsevolodovich may refer to the following Russian princes : Yaroslav II of Russia , Grand Prince of Vladimir ( 1238 -- 1246 ) Yaroslav II Vsevolodovich ( 1139 -- 1198 ) , prince of Chernigov ( 1176 -- 1198 )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bdb23f5770d0676db59a9dfb1dc1af1", "text": "Vlad Vintilă de la Slatina Vlad VII Vintilă de la Slatina ( died 1535 ) was a Wallachian nobleman who reigned as the principality 's voivode from 1532 to 1535 . He was assassinated during a hunting expedition near Craiova .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d83de23c90bcedac5b00b8d93a5718a", "text": "Grand Duke Dmitry Konstantinovich of Russia Grand Duke Dmitry Konstantinovich of Russia ( Димитрий Константинович 13 June 1860 -- 28 January 1919 ) was a son of Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich and a first cousin of Alexander III of Russia . He followed a military career . Although he never played any political role , as a relative of Tsar Nicholas II , he was executed by firing squad at the walls of Peter and Paul Fortress during the Russian Revolution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d8d1bd6590369f1f4a0442cf206e982", "text": "Yenikeyev Yenikeyev ( Енике́ев , masculine ) or Yenikeyeva ( Енике́ева , feminine ) , also Enikeev , Enikeeva , Yenikeyeff . Also spelled in -LSB- Еникиевләр , Yenikievlər -RSB- , is a princely Tatar family , recognized in the Russian Empire . It traces its origins to a famous Tatar general Murza Yenikey Tenishevich Kougushev , who lived in the mid-16th century in Kazan , and was also a warlord in 1668 in Temnikov . He reigned after the death of his father , Prince Tenish , in 1539 . Yenikey had five sons : Kulunchak ( his branch descendants still bear his last name Kulunchakov ) , Kobyak , Emmamet , Sabbak , and Ishmamet . The family is one of the Mishars clan ( ethnic group ) . In 1613 the family was granted with the title of Princely by the first Russian Tzar Michael of Russia , which all family members bear nowadays . Descendants of the family reside on the territory of Russia , in the Republics of Tatarstan , Mordovia , Bashkortostan , Uzbekistan , Turkmenistan as well as in Great Britain , the United States and Finland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "78f90adfd66f208ba2656e5f062ae435", "text": "Gheorghe Ghibănescu Gheorghe Ghibănescu ( September 29 , 1864 -- July 4 , 1936 ) was a Romanian historian and philologist . Born in Gugești , Vaslui County , he attended the junior seminary in Huși from 1875 to 1879 , followed by the senior seminary at the Socola Monastery in Iași from 1879 to 1882 . After finishing his secondary education , he entered the Faculty of Literature and Philosophy at the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University , where he studied history , philosophy , philology and pedagogy . In 1885 , he won a competition for a teaching post at the normal school in Bârlad , marking the beginning of his career as teacher , historian and newspaper writer . While at Bârlad , he published two works that proved significant during his later research : Originile Hușilor ( `` The Origins of Huși '' , 1888 ) and Grafica chirilică la români ( `` The Romanian Cyrillic Alphabet '' , 1889 ) . In 1889 , he was transferred to the Vasile Lupu Normal School in Iași , where he undertook extensive research alongside his teaching duties . He authored grammar textbooks as well as monographs on the churches of Iași and on historical personalities such as Stephen the Great , Vlad the Impaler and Vlad the Monk . In 1905 , in recognition of his work , he was elected a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy . He died in 1936 and was buried in Eternitatea cemetery .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b91da493ec47abf703c415eb233e57b", "text": "Rumyantsev The Rumyantsev family were Russian counts prominent in Russian imperial politics in the 18th and early 19th centuries . The family claimed descent from the boyar Rumyanets who broke his oath of allegiance and surrendered Nizhny Novgorod to Vasily I of Moscow in 1391 . The first Rumyantsev to gain prominence , Alexander Ivanovich ( 1680 -- 1749 ) , served as ordinary of Peter the Great in the Preobrazhensky regiment . In 1720 he married Countess Maria Matveyeva , daughter and heiress of Count Andrey Matveyev . Peter 's daughter Elizabeth recalled Rumyantsev to active service and made him a hereditary count as well as Governor of Kiev . Their son Pyotr Alexandrovich ( 1725-96 ) took his name from that of the ruling Emperor and was rumored to have been his natural son . In 1761 he besieged and took the Prussian fortress of Kolberg , thus clearing for Russian armies the path to Berlin . During Catherine II 's reign he served as Governor General of Little Russia , or Ukraine . After crossing the Danube River into Bulgaria and signing the advantageous Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca with the Turks in 1774 , Rumyantsev was promoted Field Marshal and was given the victory title of Zadunaisky ( literally , `` Transdanubian '' ) . His sister , Praskovja Bruce ( 1729 -- 85 ) , was the confidant and lady-in-waiting of Catherine the Great , who entrusted her with her private affairs and was known in history as the so-called `` l'éprouveuse '' ( = `` the ( lovers ) tester '' ) . During the Napoleonic wars , Zadunaisky 's son Nikolay Petrovich ( 1754 -- 1826 ) held the highest offices of state , including those of Minister of Commerce ( 1802 -- 11 ) , President of the State Council ( 1810 -- 12 ) , Foreign Minister ( 1808 -- 12 ) , and Chancellor of the Russian Empire . On receiving the news of Napoleon 's invasion of Russia ( 1812 ) , he suffered a stroke and lost his hearing . He died childless , and the family became extinct soon thereafter . Category : Russian noble families", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "be89d5f3329d7e9b9edaffe63e7fbe83", "text": "James Marsden James Paul Marsden ( born September 18 , 1973 ) is an American actor , singer and former Versace model . Marsden began his acting career guest-starring in television shows Saved by the Bell : The New Class , Touched by an Angel , and Party of Five . He gained prominence with his portrayal of Scott Summers/Cyclops in the X-Men film series and starred in 2006 's Superman Returns . Since 2016 , Marsden has starred as gunslinger Teddy Flood , a sentient android , in the HBO science fiction-western thriller series Westworld , as part of the main ensemble . Following his breakthrough in comic book films , Marsden went on to star in various genre films including 2007 's Hairspray which was a critical and commercial success and won many awards for its ensemble cast . As Corny Collins , he sang two songs for the film 's soundtrack which has been certified Platinum by the RIAA . He 's had starring roles in family-friendly films such as Enchanted and Hop and leading man roles in 27 Dresses and The Best of Me . Marsden later starred in a range of independent films such as Small Apartments , Bachelorette , and Robot & Frank . He also returned to television guest-starring in Modern Family and playing Liz Lemon 's love interest , Criss Chros in 30 Rock in a supporting role . Marsden then portrayed President John F. Kennedy in Lee Daniels ' The Butler and had a supporting role as an antagonist in Anchorman 2 : The Legend Continues .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "921d69559beb364aee4670f248ac170f", "text": "The League of Gentlemen's Apocalypse The League of Gentlemen 's Apocalypse is a feature film spin-off of the British television comedy series The League of Gentlemen . Starring Mark Gatiss , Steve Pemberton and Reece Shearsmith , the film was written by the cast with Jeremy Dyson , and directed by Steve Bendelack . Also featuring in guest roles are Michael Sheen , Victoria Wood , David Warner , Alan Morrissey , Bruno Langley , Bernard Hill , Simon Pegg and Peter Kay . The film was due for a UK release on 22 April 2005 , but the release date was moved back to 3 June . Over 20 minutes of footage was deleted in the final cut .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8e790c3e3e9c6a35cb12e61b684bd69", "text": "Rocky Rocky is a 1976 American sports drama film directed by John G. Avildsen and both written by and starring Sylvester Stallone . It tells the rags to riches American Dream story of Rocky Balboa , an uneducated but kind-hearted working class Italian-American boxer working in a meat warehouse and as a debt collector for a loan shark in the slums of Philadelphia . Rocky starts out as a small-time club fighter , and later gets a shot at the world heavyweight championship . The film also stars Talia Shire as Adrian , Burt Young as Adrian 's brother Paulie , Burgess Meredith as Rocky 's trainer Mickey Goldmill , and Carl Weathers as the champion , Apollo Creed . The film , made on a budget of just over $ 1 million and shot in 28 days , was a sleeper hit ; it earned $ 225 million in global box office receipts , becoming the highest-grossing film of 1976 , and went on to win three Oscars , including Best Picture . The film received many positive reviews and turned Stallone into a major star . In 2006 , the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' . Rocky is considered to be one of the greatest sports films ever made and was ranked as the second-best in the genre , after Raging Bull , by the American Film Institute in 2008 . The film has spawned six sequels : Rocky II ( 1979 ) , Rocky III ( 1982 ) , Rocky IV ( 1985 ) , Rocky V ( 1990 ) , Rocky Balboa ( 2006 ) and Creed ( 2015 ) . Stallone portrays Rocky in all six sequels , wrote the first five , and directed four ( Avildsen returned to direct Rocky V and Ryan Coogler directed Creed ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55911d699a372c3a068f18c49f1f527c", "text": "The Simpsons (season 25) The Simpsons '' ' twenty-fifth season began airing on Fox on September 29 , 2013 and ended on May 18 , 2014 . In this season , Homer sells his Mapple stock to buy a bowling ball ; Marge blames herself and Kiss for Bart 's rebellious streak ( `` Four Regrettings and a Funeral '' ) ; Lisa becomes a cheerleader for Springfield 's football team ; and Homer delivers a baby ( `` Labor Pains '' ) . Guest stars for this season include Judd Apatow , Will Arnett , Anderson Cooper , Harlan Ellison , Zach Galifianakis , Stan Lee , Eva Longoria , Rachel Maddow , Elisabeth Moss , Joe Namath , Daniel Radcliffe , Aaron Sorkin , and Kristen Wiig . This is Al Jean 's 13th consecutive season as showrunner and 15th overall . Matt Groening , James L. Brooks , Matt Selman , and John Frink serve as executive producers . Executive producer Al Jean stated that Edna Krabappel will be retired from the show following the death of Marcia Wallace on October 25 , 2013 . February 2014 held back Simpsons episodes , due to the transmission of the Super Bowl XLVIII in East Rutherford , New Jersey , United States ; the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi , Russia ; the 2014 Daytona 500 in Daytona Beach , Florida , US ; and the 86th Academy Awards in Hollywood , Los Angeles , California . This season The Simpsons '' won three Primetime Emmy Awards out of four nominations , including an Primetime Emmy Award for Character Voice-Over Performance to Harry Shearer , who was the last member of the main cast to earn the award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "880eb377554c85df414a0e18725fcdfd", "text": "The Endless Summer The Endless Summer is a seminal 1966 surf movie ( the initial release was in 1964 , world-wide release was 1966 ) . Filmmaker/narrator Bruce Brown follows two surfers , Mike Hynson and Robert August , on a surfing trip around the world . Despite the balmy climate of their native California , cold ocean currents make local beaches inhospitable during the winter . They travel to the coasts of Australia , New Zealand , Tahiti , Hawaii , Senegal , Ghana , Nigeria and South Africa in a quest for new surf spots and introduce locals to the sport . Other important surfers of the time , such as Miki Dora , Phil Edwards and Butch Van Artsdalen also appear . Its title comes from the idea , expressed at both the beginning and end of the film , that if one had enough time and money it would be possible to follow the summer up and down the world ( northern to southern hemisphere and back ) , making it endless . The concept of the film was born through the suggestion of a travel agent to Bruce Brown during the planning stages of the film . The travel agent suggested that the flight from Los Angeles to Cape Town , South Africa and back would cost $ 50 more than a trip circumnavigating the world . After which , Bruce came up with the idea of following the summer season by traveling up and down the world . The narrative presentation eases from the stiff and formal documentary of the 1950s and early 1960s to a more casual and fun-loving personal style filled with sly humor . The surf rock soundtrack to the film was provided by The Sandals . The `` Theme to the Endless Summer '' was written by Gaston Georis and John Blakeley of the Sandals . It has become one of the best known film themes in the surf movie genre . When the movie was first shown , it encouraged many surfers to go abroad , giving birth to the `` surf-and-travel '' culture , with prizes for finding `` uncrowded surf '' , meeting new people and riding the perfect wave . It also introduced the sport , which had become popular outside of Hawaii and the Polynesian Islands in places like California and Australia , to a broader audience . In addition , it set the style for later surf-and-travel movies , including Momentum , ( These Are ) Better Days , and Thicker Than Water .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "adfb781e1d7bf0df497312d2d55fb56e", "text": "A Star Is Burns `` A Star Is Burns '' is the eighteenth episode of The Simpsons ' sixth season . It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 5 , 1995 . In the episode , Springfield decides to hold a film festival , and famed critic Jay Sherman is invited to be a judge . The story involves a crossover with the short-lived animated series The Critic . Jay Sherman was the main character on the show . The Critic was created by Al Jean and Mike Reiss , who had previously written for The Simpsons but left following the fourth season , and produced by James L. Brooks , who was also a producer for The Simpsons . The show had premiered on the American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) network in January 1994 but was canceled despite positive critical reception . The series was switched over to Fox , and put in the timeslot directly after The Simpsons . Brooks pitched a crossover episode as a way to promote The Critic and decided that a film festival would be a good way to introduce Sherman . Matt Groening , creator of The Simpsons , reacted negatively when he heard about this episode , feeling that it was just an advertisement for The Critic , and that people would incorrectly associate the show with him . When he was unsuccessful in getting the program pulled , he had his name removed from the credits and went public with his concerns , openly criticizing James L. Brooks . The episode was directed by Susie Dietter and was the first episode to be written by Ken Keeler . Jon Lovitz , the star of The Critic , guest stars as Jay Sherman , while Maurice LaMarche ( who was also a regular on The Critic ) has a few minor roles . The episode received mixed reviews from critics , many of whom felt the crossover was out of place on the show , although Barney 's film festival entry was well received .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "275eb3e33def924426a2b08292171fe9", "text": "The X-Files (season 9) The ninth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files commenced airing in the United States on November 11 , 2001 , concluded on May 19 , 2002 , and consists of twenty episodes . The season takes place after Fox Mulder ( David Duchovny ) goes into hiding , following the events of the eighth season finale , `` Existence '' . As such , the main storyarc for the season follows Dana Scully ( Gillian Anderson ) , John Doggett ( Robert Patrick ) , and Monica Reyes ( Annabeth Gish ) on their hunt to reveal a government conspiracy involving the elaborate creation of `` Super Soldiers '' . For this season , former series ' leads Duchovny and Anderson scaled back their involvement with the show , with the former only starring in the two episodes that formed the season finale , `` The Truth '' . Doggett and Reyes became the show 's central characters , and former recurring character Walter Skinner ( Mitch Pileggi ) became a main character . Series creator Chris Carter had hopes that the show could continue on with new leads , and the opening credits were accordingly redesigned again . Season nine received mixed reviews by critics and garnered negative reaction from many long-time fans and viewers , partially because Duchovny did not make regular appearances on the show , after fulfilling his contract in the previous season . During this year , ratings for the season fell dramatically . Critics blamed it on what they considered an increasingly incoherent story arc , whilst the cast and crew ascribed the drop in viewership to the September 11 attacks . Regardless , Fox eventually decided to cancel the series . During the airing of season eight , Carter and The X-Files production team had created and aired a spinoff titled The Lone Gunmen . The show was unsuccessful and was cancelled before any story arcs were resolved , but The X-Files episode `` Jump the Shark '' was written to give closure to the series . The X-Files storyline was continued with the 2008 theatrical film The X Files : I Want to Believe and later with a tenth season in 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8be68eac85dfa9c3f1a99993b54ff1f1", "text": "Mini (Skins series 6) `` Mini '' is the fifth episode of the sixth series of the British teen drama Skins . It premiered on E4 in the UK on 20 February 2012 . The episode is told from the point of view of character Mini McGuinness . Mini 's hates her mum 's pervy new live-in boyfriend , and to make matters worse , Alo has broken the rules of their ` no strings attached ' secret relationship and declared his love for her . Mini feels trapped ; she 's lost control of her life and needs to get away . Ignoring advice from her mum and Liv , she seeks refuge with her dad , who 's never been around that much , but promises it 'll be different this time . He sweeps Mini into his glamorous and grown-up world where she feels a million miles away from her problems , but Mini has a bigger problem that she ca n't run away from and will ultimately have to face on her own .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "70b5684a444d038e0e6d222e01cf1ced", "text": "Pat Marsden Patrick Francis Marsden ( November 8 , 1936 -- April 27 , 2006 ) was a Canadian sportscaster and voice of the Canadian Football League play-by-play coverage in the 1970s and 1980s . He also worked as host for the historic 1972 Canada-Soviet Union hockey Summit Series sports telecasts . He was inducted into the Canadian Football Hall of Fame in 1989 . Marsden was born in Ottawa and attended St. Patrick 's High School and the University of Ottawa , where he started his sportscasting career at local station CKOY . He later became sports director at CFTO in Toronto , and became immersed in all local and national sporting events . He even appeared as `` John Marsden '' in an episode of Bizarre ( filmed at CFTO ) , in a Super Dave Osborne stunt at Toronto 's CN Tower . Fired in 1986 after a physical altercation with his boss Ted Stuebing , Marsden then was hired by his CTV football broadcasting partner Bill Stephenson at CFRB , went to TSN , and later surfaced at The Fan 590 . After helping to rebuild and essentially help create the image for The Fan 590 , he retired in 2004 . Marsden spent most of his time in Florida due to what he felt was the socialization of Canadian society , but he continued to maintain a home in Toronto . He returned in 1996 to live in Toronto with his family joining him and died of lung cancer on April 27 , 2006 , aged 69 , at Sunnybrook and Women 's College Health Sciences Centre . He is survived by his wife Terryanne ( Terry Marsden , former broadcaster with CTV , host of `` Toronto Today '' 1982 to 1990 ) and their children Taylor and Connor . Also survived by ( ex-wife Barbara ) and Pat 's children from his first marriage ( Mike , Patti-Lee , and Ruth Mary ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd0ace1270f626365441a3fbd3d36d96", "text": "Unsimulated sex Unsimulated sex is the presentation in a film of sex scenes where the actors engage in an actual sex act , and are not just miming or simulating the actions . At one time in the United States such scenes were restricted by law and self-imposed industry standards such as the Motion Picture Production Code . Films showing explicit sexual activity were confined to privately distributed underground films , such as stag films or `` porn loops '' . Beginning in the late 1960s , most notably with Blue Movie by Andy Warhol , mainstream cinemas began pushing boundaries in terms of what was presented on screen . Although the vast majority of sexual situations depicted in mainstream cinema are simulated ( in early pornography , the main actors engaged in simulated sex , with inserts placed in the film ) , on rare occasions actors engage in real sex . The difference between these films and pornography is that , while such scenes might be considered erotic , the intent of these films is not solely pornographic . Notable examples include two of the eight Bedside-films and the six Zodiac-films from the 1970s , all of which were produced in Denmark and had many pornographic sex scenes , but were nevertheless considered mainstream films ( they all had mainstream casts and crews , and premiered in mainstream cinemas ) . The last of these films , Agent 69 Jensen i Skyttens tegn , was made in 1978 . From the end of the 1970s until the late 1990s it was rare to see hardcore scenes in mainstream cinema , but this changed with the success of Lars von Trier 's The Idiots ( 1998 ) , which heralded a wave of art-house films with explicit content , such as Romance ( 1999 ) , Baise-moi ( 2000 ) , Intimacy ( 2001 ) , Vincent Gallo 's The Brown Bunny ( 2003 ) , and Michael Winterbottom 's 9 Songs ( 2004 ) . Some simulated sex scenes are sufficiently realistic that critics mistakenly believe that they are real , such as the cunnilingus scene in the 2006 film Red Road .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da538ebb0b456ababaeb37af9bb67519", "text": "Final Mission `` Final Mission '' is the 83rd episode of the American science fiction television series Star Trek : The Next Generation , and the ninth episode of the fourth season . After learning that he finally has been accepted into Starfleet Academy , Wesley Crusher welcomes Picard 's invitation to accompany him on an away mission that could resolve a mining dispute on an arid world . But following a shuttle crash and a near disastrous search for water that leaves the captain near death , Wesley finds himself charged with the weighty responsibility of keeping both himself and Picard alive until a rescue team can locate them .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f054968a67a4d50aed811bd0b6c5bfc", "text": "South Park (season 13) The thirteenth season of South Park , an American animated television comedy series , originally aired in the United States on Comedy Central between March 11 and November 18 , 2009 . The season was headed by the series creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone , who served as executive producers along with Anne Garefino . The season continued to focus on the exploits of protagonists Stan , Kyle , Cartman , Kenny and Butters in the fictional Colorado mountain town of South Park . The season was the first of three new seasons Parker and Stone agreed to produce for the network under a renewal deal . It consisted of fourteen 22-minute episodes , which aired in two groups of seven episodes separated by a six-month gap . Prior to the season 's premiere , all South Park episodes were made available for free viewing on the official series website , South Park Studios . The 13th season was the first to be broadcast in high definition and in widescreen . Continuing their practice from previous seasons , Parker and Stone wrote and produced each episode within the week before its broadcast date . The 13th season satirized such topics as the ACORN scandal , Japanese whaling , piracy in Somalia and the marketing tactics of the Walt Disney Company . Celebrities were spoofed throughout the season , including the Jonas Brothers , Kanye West , Carlos Mencia , Paul Watson and Glenn Beck , all of whom publicly responded to their portrayals . The episode `` Fishsticks '' attracted particular media attention due to rapper Kanye West 's declaration that its jokes about his arrogance were funny but hurt his feelings . `` The F Word '' , in which the central characters attempt to change the definition of the word `` fag '' , was especially controversial and prompted complaints from the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation . A broadcast of `` Pinewood Derby '' in Mexico was pulled , allegedly due to its depiction of Mexican President Felipe Calderón . `` Fatbeard '' was praised by the crew of the USS Bainbridge , which was involved in the 2009 rescue of the MV Maersk Alabama from Somali pirates . The 13th season received mixed reviews : some critics called it one of South Park 's strongest seasons , while others claimed the series was starting to decline in quality . The season maintained the average Nielsen rating viewership for the series , around 3 million viewers per episode . The episode `` Margaritaville '' , which satirized the global recession then affecting much of the industrialized world , won the 2009 Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program ( for Programming Less Than One Hour ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34c2ad0fadaa207c4e4922b7b1f103e9", "text": "Roy Marsden Roy Marsden ( born Roy Anthony Mould ; 25 June 1941 ) is an English actor , who is probably best known for his portrayal of Adam Dalgliesh in the Anglia Television dramatisations of P. D. James 's detective novels .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8528578d3721853df6c6a12ae0ff8282", "text": "James Smillie James Smillie is a British and Australian actor known for his roles in stage and television productions and voice over . Smillie was born in Scotland and emigrated from the Glasgow tenements , carving out a career in Australia before returning to the United Kingdom to appear in stage roles in London 's West End . On television , he is probably best known internationally for his role as Dr. Dan Marshall in the lavish 1980s Australian soap opera Return to Eden .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "917016176825005d365016e0d9adf8d0", "text": "The Flight of the Phoenix (1965 film) The Flight of the Phoenix is a 1965 American drama film starring James Stewart , produced and directed by Robert Aldrich , and based on the 1964 novel The Flight of the Phoenix by Elleston Trevor . The story describes several men struggling to survive their aircraft 's emergency landing in the Sahara Desert , and stars Richard Attenborough , Peter Finch , Hardy Krüger and Ernest Borgnine . The ensemble cast includes Ian Bannen , Ronald Fraser , Christian Marquand , Dan Duryea and George Kennedy as other passengers on the aircraft . Though the film was a failure at the box office , it has since gained a cult following .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "228a3089b5d62c3587b5e5585a6aa75b", "text": "Unfinished Business (2015 film) Unfinished Business is a 2015 American comedy film directed by Ken Scott and written by Steven Conrad . The film stars Vince Vaughn , Tom Wilkinson , Dave Franco , Sienna Miller , Nick Frost , and James Marsden . It was released on March 6 , 2015 . The film received negative reviews and was a box office bomb .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "058841511de266ec0e52355ff28362d2", "text": "Never Again (The X-Files) `` Never Again '' is the thirteenth episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files . It was written by producers Glen Morgan and James Wong , and directed by Rob Bowman . The episode aired in the United States on February 2 , 1997 on the Fox network and in the United Kingdom on BBC One on December 3 , 1997 . The episode is a `` Monster-of-the-Week '' story , a stand-alone plot which is unconnected to the series ' wider mythology . The episode received a Nielsen rating of 13 and was viewed by 21.36 million viewers . It received mostly positive reviews from television critics . The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder ( David Duchovny ) and Dana Scully ( Gillian Anderson ) who work on cases linked to the paranormal , called X-Files . Mulder is a believer in the paranormal , while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work . In this episode , Scully leaves town -- and Mulder -- for a solo assignment . She soon meets Ed Jerse , a man who is being mentally controlled by a drug-related side effect of his tattoo . His tattoo , affectionately named Betty , does not want to share him , especially not with Scully . Although `` Never Again '' was directed by Bowman , it was originally scheduled to be directed by noted movie director Quentin Tarantino . Tarantino was unable to direct the entry due to a dispute with the Directors Guild of America . Gillian Anderson was particularly pleased with the episode showing a different side of Scully ; she had specifically asked Morgan and Wong to write an episode that explored Scully 's dark side . Several cast members from Morgan and Wong 's series Space : Above and Beyond were cast in the episode .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2df851a4b9af7065e4633234ed88187a", "text": "David Marsden David Marsden is a Canadian radio broadcaster . As the driving force behind Brampton , Ontario radio station CFNY in the 1980s , he became an influential figure in the Canadian music industry by giving many Canadian and international alternative rock artists major Canadian radio exposure . During his stint at CFNY , he was known as `` The Mars Bar '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e214b68f74c8d1d202d7f638ce7b7e5", "text": "Aaron Hotchner Aaron Hotchner is a fictional character from the CBS crime drama Criminal Minds , portrayed by Thomas Gibson . He is a Supervisory Special Agent and the unit chief of the FBI 's Behavioral Analysis Unit , and has appeared from the series ' pilot episode `` Extreme Aggressor '' , which was originally broadcast on September 22 , 2005 . Hotch begins the series married to his high school sweetheart Haley ( Meredith Monroe ) . They have a son named Jack ( Cade Owens ) , though they later separated over Hotch 's dedication to his job . Meredith Monroe 's character Haley was later killed in season five by serial killer George Foyet . Two years after Haley 's death , he met triathlon runner Beth Clemmons , and had been in a relationship with her , until season ten when it is revealed he broke things off with her when she was offered a job in Hong Kong . On August 12 , 2016 , CBS producers announced that Gibson had been dismissed from Criminal Minds following a physical altercation with one of the show 's writers and that `` creative details '' regarding the character 's departure would be announced at a later date . After appearing in the first two episodes of the 2016-2017 season , the Hotchner character was removed from the opening credits of subsequent episodes . At the start of the third episode , one character explained Hotch 's absence by remarking that he was on TDY . In episode 12.6 titled `` Elliott 's Pond '' it was revealed that Gibson 's character , Aaron Hotchner , was leaving his post as longtime head of the Behavioral Analysis Unit after Peter Lewis ( aka Mr. Scratch ) began stalking Hotch 's son , Jack . The two decided to enter the Witness Protection Program . The move would make it nearly impossible for Hotch to return to his field of work at the BAU , prompting him to resign from the position in effort to protect Jack . A new BAU chief had to be named and Hotch personally requested Emily Prentiss ( Paget Brewster ) , which in turn she eventually accepted .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a40abc67ae81f75e66ebb254b857f9b6", "text": "James Goldstone James Goldstone ( born June 8 , 1931 in Los Angeles , California ; died November 5 , 1999 in Shaftsbury , Vermont ) was an American film and television director whose career spanned over thirty years . Goldstone was noted for the momentum and `` fifteen-minute cliffhangers '' that he brought to TV pilots such as Star Trek ( `` Where No Man Has Gone Before '' , 1966 ) , Ironside , and The Bold Ones : The Senator . His later career helped pioneer the concept of `` thirty-second attention span '' pacing over detailed content in his dramatizations of Rita Hayworth , Calamity Jane , and the Kent State shootings for which he won the Emmy . During his Hollywood career , he directed Paul Newman , Robert De Niro , Robert Shaw , James Garner , Richard Dreyfuss and Sidney Poitier and collaborated with composer and musician , Lalo Schifrin . He `` discovered '' Tiny Tim . In addition to his work in film and television , Goldstone was a longtime leader in the Director 's and Writers Guilds . In his later life , he taught both at Bennington College and in the masters program at Columbia University . During the 1990s he directed a number of theatrical productions in New England . He was also central in the establishment of National Public Radio presence in Vermont and was the moving force behind the creation of the Vermont Arts Council which named its award for new talent the James Goldstone Award . Goldstone was the son of Hollywood agent and early television producer , Jules Goldstone .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7420a30e82f1281e27f114e9e5c759af", "text": "Cyclops (comics) Cyclops ( Scott Summers ) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics and is a founding member of the X-Men . Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Jack Kirby , the character first appeared in the comic book The X-Men # 1 ( September 1963 ) . Cyclops is a member of a subspecies of humans known as mutants , who are born with superhuman abilities . Cyclops can emit powerful beams of energy from his eyes . He can not control the beams without the aid of special eyewear which he must wear at all times . He is typically considered the first of the X-Men , a team of mutant heroes who fight for peace and equality between mutants and humans , and one of the team 's primary leaders . Cyclops is most often portrayed as the archetypal hero of traditional American popular culture -- the opposite of the tough , anti-authority antiheroes that emerged in American popular culture after the Vietnam War ( e.g. , Wolverine , his X-Men teammate ) . One of Marvel 's most prominent characters , Cyclops was rated # 1 on IGN.com 's list of Top 25 X-Men from the past forty years in 2006 , and the 39th in their 2011 list of Top 100 Comic Book Heroes . In 2008 , Wizard Magazine also ranked Cyclops the 106th in their list of the 200 Greatest Comic Book Characters of All Time . In a 2011 poll , readers of Comic Book Resources voted Cyclops as 9th in the ranking of 2011 Top Marvel Characters . James Marsden has portrayed Cyclops in the first three and the seventh X-Men films , while in the 2009 prequel film , X-Men Origins : Wolverine , he is portrayed as a teenager by actor Tim Pocock . In 2016 's X-Men : Apocalypse , he is portrayed by Tye Sheridan .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a50e048669936b8b94a821dbc2483b77", "text": "This Sporting Life This Sporting Life is a 1963 British feature film based on the 1960 novel of the same name by David Storey , which won the 1960 Macmillan Fiction Award . It recounts the story of a rugby league footballer , Frank Machin , in Wakefield , a mining area of Yorkshire , whose romantic life is not as successful as his sporting life . Storey , a former professional rugby league footballer , also wrote the screenplay . The film stars Richard Harris , Rachel Roberts , William Hartnell and Alan Badel . It was directed by Lindsay Anderson . The film was Richard Harris 's first starring role , and won him a Best Actor Award at the 1963 Cannes Film Festival . He was also nominated for an Oscar for Best Actor in a Leading Role . Rachel Roberts won her second BAFTA award for This Sporting Life and an Oscar nomination for best actress . Harris was nominated for the BAFTA that year as well . The film opened at the Odeon Leicester Square in London 's West End on 7 February 1963 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "cc88c95baefd83fa05810d9d1e7e5ddb", "text": "Calvin Harris discography Scottish record producer , DJ , singer and songwriter Calvin Harris has released four studio albums , one mix album , three extended plays , 28 singles ( including three as a featured artist ) , 12 promotional singles and 31 music videos . As of November 2014 , Harris had sold 8,176,180 singles and tracks in the United Kingdom . Harris 's debut studio album , I Created Disco , was released in June 2007 . The album peaked at number eight on the UK Albums Chart and was certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) . Its first two singles , `` Acceptable in the 80s '' and `` The Girls '' , peaked at numbers 10 and three , respectively , on the UK Singles Chart , while the third single , `` Merrymaking at My Place '' , reached number 43 . In August 2009 , Harris released his second studio album , Ready for the Weekend , which debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and earned a gold certification from the BPI within two months of release . Its lead single , `` I 'm Not Alone '' , became Harris 's first number one on the UK Singles Chart . `` Ready for the Weekend '' was released as the album 's second single , peaking at number three in the United Kingdom . Two more singles were released from the album , `` Flashback '' and `` You Used to Hold Me '' , which reached numbers 18 and 27 on the UK chart , respectively . His third studio album , 18 Months , was released in October 2012 . The album sees Harris stepping away from vocals , instead focusing on the music production . It earned Harris his second consecutive number-one album in his home country . 18 Months also became his first album to chart on the Billboard 200 in the United States , peaking at number 19 , while reaching number two in Ireland , number five in Australia and number eight in Canada . The album 's lead single , `` Bounce '' featuring Kelis , peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart and gave Harris his first top-10 entry in Australia , peaking at number seven . The second single , `` Feel So Close '' , also peaked at number two in the UK . The song brought Harris to international prominence , reaching number five in New Zealand and number seven in Australia , as well as becoming his first chart entry as a lead performer on the US Billboard Hot 100 , where it charted at number 12 . In 2011 , Harris wrote , produced and was featured on Rihanna 's single `` We Found Love '' , which topped the charts in 25 countries , including the United Kingdom , the United States , Ireland and Canada . The third and fourth singles from 18 Months , `` Let 's Go '' ( featuring Ne-Yo ) and `` We 'll Be Coming Back '' ( featuring Example ) , both reached number two on the UK chart , with the former also peaking at number 17 on the Billboard Hot 100 . The album 's fifth single , `` Sweet Nothing '' featuring Florence Welch , became Harris 's fourth number-one single in the UK and first top-10 single in the US . `` Drinking from the Bottle '' ( featuring Tinie Tempah ) and `` I Need Your Love '' ( featuring Ellie Goulding ) served as the album 's sixth and seventh singles . Having both charted inside the UK top 10 by April 2013 , Harris made chart history by becoming the first artist to attain eight top-10 singles from one studio album , overtaking the record previously set by Michael Jackson . The eighth and final single , `` Thinking About You '' featuring Ayah Marar , peaked at number eight on the UK Singles Chart . Harris 's fourth studio album , Motion , was released in October 2014 . It peaked at number two on the UK Albums Chart and number five on the US Billboard 200 , his highest-peaking album on the latter chart . The album includes the UK number-one singles `` Under Control '' , `` Summer '' and `` Blame '' , as well as the top-10 single `` Outside '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "131114b9553f955c0623538abb410662", "text": "Christian Clark Christian Clark ( born 15 September 1978 ) is an Australian actor and business owner . Christian appeared in the role of Will Griggs in the Network Ten soap opera Neighbours from 2006 to 2007 and played Penn Graham in Home and Away in 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "db3a0dbde2cb7774e0debb0d6e8b6320", "text": "Chasing Legends Chasing Legends is a documentary film covering the events of the 2009 Tour de France from the perspective of . It premiered at the cinema in May 2010 in the US and October 2010 in the UK .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "589a1a2d46931854a1acefb905b97852", "text": "I'm Not Alone `` I 'm Not Alone '' is a song by Scottish recording artist Calvin Harris , released as the lead single from his second studio album , Ready for the Weekend . The track was first played by Pete Tong on BBC Radio 1 as his `` essential new tune '' on 23 January 2009 and has been described as a slice of euphoric dance . On 12 April 2009 , the song debuted at number one on the UK Singles Chart , earning Harris his first solo number-one single on the chart and second overall following his 2008 collaboration with Dizzee Rascal and Chrome , `` Dance wiv Me '' . In 2010 , Harris received a writing credit on Chris Brown 's hit single `` Yeah 3x '' , due to the perceived similarities between the two songs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a0d884640b611e0a62c4efd88fdfec5", "text": "The Boat That Rocked The Boat That Rocked ( retitled Pirate Radio in North America , Good Morning England in France , Radio Rock Revolution in Germany , Рок-волна ( The Rock Wave ) in Russia , and I Love Radio Rock in Italy ) is a 2009 British comedy film written and directed by Richard Curtis , with pirate radio in the United Kingdom during the 1960s as its setting . The film has an ensemble cast featuring Philip Seymour Hoffman , Bill Nighy , Rhys Ifans , Nick Frost , and Kenneth Branagh . Set in 1966 , it tells the story of the fictitious pirate radio station `` Radio Rock '' and its crew of eclectic disc jockeys , who broadcast rock and pop music to the United Kingdom from a ship anchored in the North Sea while the British government endeavours to shut them down . It was produced by Working Title Films for Universal Pictures , and was filmed on the Isle of Portland and at Shepperton Studios . After the world premiere in London 's Leicester Square on 29 March 2009 , the film was released in United Kingdom and Ireland on 1 April 2009 . It was a commercial failure at the British box office , making only US$ 10.1 million in its first three months , just a fifth of its US$ 50 million production cost . It received mixed reviews , with most criticism directed at its muddled storyline and 2 1/4 - hour length . For its North American release the film had its running time cut by 20 minutes , and was retitled Pirate Radio . Opening 13 November 2009 , it was still commercially unsuccessful in the US , earning only US$ 8 million . When the worldwide theatrical run was finished in January 2010 , the film had grossed US$ 36.3 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df5cbcc4eceba19d2d0cd307ba232dfb", "text": "Josh Harris (long snapper) Josh Harris ( born April 27 , 1989 ) is an American football long snapper for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League ( NFL ) . He played college football for Auburn University . He signed with the Falcons as an undrafted free agent in 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf0d39f96c9087fa2bf110955cb309f9", "text": "Another Day Another Life Another Day Another Life is a 2009 American suspense thriller film produced , edited , and directed by Rohit Gupta . It 's about a man , Jason , played by Benjamin Jacobs , who struggles to repress his killer instinct as he approaches the planned killing of his lover . The film was selected to showcase at the Short Film Corner - Cannes Film Festival 2009 . It received critical acclaim at its festival run winning awards & nominations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "700311f8de0081243b1c4b1cb9902faf", "text": "Marcus Harris (wide receiver, born 1989) Marcus Ryan `` Soup '' Harris ( born March 1 , 1989 ) is an American football wide receiver for the Baltimore Brigade of the Arena Football League ( AFL ) . He played college football at Murray State University . He has also been a member of the Detroit Lions , Tennessee Titans , Omaha Nighthawks , Iowa Barnstormers and New York Giants .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44d390da2aeeb3593129e8e68c1290c6", "text": "2009 LifeLock.com 400 The 2009 LifeLock.com 400 was the nineteenth race of the 2009 NASCAR Sprint Cup schedule , marking the start of the second half of the season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34548a96ad38172362c26ffbc84eff6c", "text": "Mrs. Harris Mrs. Harris is a 2005 American-British drama film written and directed by Phyllis Nagy . The teleplay , based on the book Very Much a Lady by Shana Alexander , focuses on the tempestuous relationship between Herman Tarnower , noted cardiologist and author of the New York Times bestseller The Complete Scarsdale Medical Diet , and headmistress Jean Harris . Produced by Killer Films , Number 9 Films , and John Wells for HBO Films , it premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 16 , 2005 , before its broadcast on HBO on February 25 , 2006 . The film stars Annette Bening as Jean Harris , Ben Kingsley as Herman Tarnower , Cloris Leachman as Tarnower 's sister , and Chloë Sevigny as his secretary and lover . The film also features a cameo performance by Ellen Burstyn as one of Tarnower 's previous girlfriends ; Burstyn played Jean Harris in the made-for-television movie , The People vs. Jean Harris ( 1981 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b126e29b03ee4a8a97162427adb1c0c", "text": "Train Wreck (film) Train Wreck is a 2008 drama film directed by Andrew Lane starring R. Keith Harris and Maureen Mountcastle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "391e77d9d227a4331e003a0f717d5765", "text": "Dream On! Dream On ! is a film which premiered in 1981 at the Festival International du Nouveau Cinema , Montreal . It was shot in 16mm film from 1975 to 1980 , and was blown up to 35mm in 1984 . The film 's action follows a group of young actors as they struggle to survive in L.A. and hang on to their artistic principles . Ed Harris and Paul `` Pee-wee Herman '' Reubens have since become well known actors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "03692b5ddbd2a456457441162ee4215d", "text": "George Harris (actor) George William Harris ( born 20 October 1949 ) is a British actor of film , stage , television , radio and musical theatre . His notable roles include Kingsley Shacklebolt in the Harry Potter film series , Captain Simon Katanga in Raiders of the Lost Ark and Clive King in popular medical drama Casualty , where he was one of the original cast members . He also played real-life Somali warlord Osman Ali Atto in the 2001 film Black Hawk Down .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fae582b908e89845d68d4f5cb5c66ffa", "text": "This Life (2015 TV series) This Life is a Canadian television drama series . It premiered on October 5 , 2015 on CBC . The series is based on the French Canadian series Nouvelle adresse , created by Richard Blaimert . On March 31 , 2016 the CBC confirmed the series had been renewed for a second season , to premiere in Fall 2016 . The show was cancelled on January 24 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f1f24996190f2afefe6d896e024129f", "text": "To Walk with Lions To Walk with Lions is a 1999 film starring Richard Harris as George Adamson and John Michie as Tony Fitzjohn . It follows the later years of wild game preserver/naturalist Adamson . After his marriage to Joy Adamson , both of Born Free book and film fame , Adamson spent the latter part of his life protecting the lions and other wildlife in the Kora National Reserve , Kenya . He encounters poachers and government corruption blocking his quest for wildlife preservation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ffbdc68e9a580881c17cfe76e7f726c2", "text": "Stan Harris Stanley `` Stan '' Wakefield Harris CBE ( 13 December 1894 -- 3 October 1973 ) was an early twentieth century all-round sportsman regarded as one of the greatest all-rounders to have played for the British and Irish Lions . As a rugby union international , he represented the England in 1920 , and the British Lions in 1924 . He also turned down a place in the Great Britain Olympic squad in 1920 , became a South African boxing champion and represented England in polo , all in between serving in both the First and Second World Wars .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d71fe554cae9f33b3d3913f4ea4448d", "text": "Star-ving Star-ving was a web series of episodes running eight to ten minutes , based very loosely on the life of David Faustino from Married ... with Children . His co-star is Corin Nemec , who played the title character in Parker Lewis Ca n't Lose . The start date for the episodes was January 16 , 2009 . The series is a production of FNB Entertainment LLC in association with Sony Pictures Television , webcast on Crackle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a7763fc22f4bd0f26656eb9ac061def", "text": "Not Since You Not Since You is a 2009 film starring Desmond Harrington and Elden Henson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "330b7bbb0b47e9af5b8ff88871294b93", "text": "The Express The Express ( also known as The Express : The Ernie Davis Story ) is a 2008 American sports film produced by John Davis and directed by Gary Fleder . The storyline was conceived from a screenplay written by Charles Leavitt from a book titled Ernie Davis : The Elmira Express , authored by Robert C. Gallagher . The film is based on the life of Syracuse University football player Ernie Davis , the first African American to win the Heisman Trophy , portrayed by actor Rob Brown . The Express explores civil topics , such as racism , discrimination and athletics . The motion picture was a co-production between the film studios of Relativity Media and Davis Entertainment . It was commercially distributed by Universal Pictures theatrically , and by Universal Studios Home Entertainment for home media . Following its cinematic release , it failed to garner any award nominations from mainstream motion picture organizations for its production merits or lead acting . In the film , veteran actors Dennis Quaid and Charles S. Dutton star in principal supporting roles . The original motion picture soundtrack with a musical score composed by Mark Isham , was released by the Lakeshore Records label on October 28 , 2008 . The Express premiered in theaters nationwide in the United States on October 10 , 2008 grossing $ 9,793,406 in domestic ticket receipts . It earned an additional $ 14,718 in business through international release to top out at a combined $ 9,808,124 in gross revenue . Since the film had a $ 40 million budget , it was a financial failure . However , preceding its initial screening in cinemas , the film was generally met with positive critical reviews . The Blu-ray version of the film , featuring deleted scenes and the director 's commentary was released on January 20 , 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e67aaa4f6a89fbf3fed7fbc1599522e9", "text": "The Temptations of Jean-Claude Killy `` The Temptations of Jean-Claude Killy '' is an article published in the premiere issue of Scanlan 's Monthly in March 1970 , written by Hunter S. Thompson . The subject of the article is Jean-Claude Killy , the alpine skiing champion who , in the 1968 Winter Olympics , became the second alpine skier ever to win three gold medals in a single olympic games . By the time of the article Killy , then 26 , was retired from skiing and had embarked on the next phase of his career -- endorsements . Thompson 's article follows Killy around the United States during his marketing tour for the Chevrolet automotive company . As he attends automotive shows , holds press conferences , and makes appearances for television ( all in conjunction with fellow Chevrolet spokesman , O.J. Simpson ) Thompson chronicles the newly flush world of celebrity sports endorsements . Though endorsement by a sports figure was not an entirely new concept , the world-wide magnitude of Killy 's stardom made his Chevrolet contract something of a fascination for Thompson . The article 's focus on the relative depths of the new pitch-man status obtained by Killy so shortly after the incredible heights he had achieved develops through acerbic descriptions of the settings Killy finds himself in , the automotive executives that profit by him , and the fans and onlookers who make him such a valuable spokesman . Through it all , Killy 's focus on his own enormous profit is a source of worry to Thompson . The trend he sees developing is one of larger-than-life stars -- athletes of the highest physical standards who have achieved feats unimaginable by normal people -- demeaning themselves and their accomplishments by agreeing to shill for a few extra dollars . An enormous sports fan himself , Thompson is distraught by this turn of events and wonders that Killy was never quite sure `` why I was embarrassed for him in those scenes . '' Thompson compares Killy to F. Scott Fitzgerald 's Gatsby : although , unlike that character , Killy 's dollars are earned honestly , the author concludes while watching Killy 's selling of himself that `` nothing in his narrow , high-powered experience can allow him to understand how I can watch his act and say that it looks , to me , like a very hard dollar -- maybe the hardest . '' The article was later included in Thompson 's collection The Great Shark Hunt ( 1979 ) .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "88b52a28b609b249dc3dc42d1d3b6fde", "text": "Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln ( -LSB- ˈeɪbrəhæm_ˈlIŋkən -RSB- February 12 , 1809 -- April 15 , 1865 ) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 16th President of the United States from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865 . Lincoln led the United States through its Civil War -- its bloodiest war and perhaps its greatest moral , constitutional , and political crisis . In doing so , he preserved the Union , paved the way to the abolition of slavery , strengthened the federal government , and modernized the economy . Born in Hodgenville , Kentucky , Lincoln grew up on the western frontier in Kentucky and Indiana . Largely self-educated , he became a lawyer in Illinois , a Whig Party leader , and was elected to the Illinois House of Representatives , in which he served for eight years . Elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1846 , Lincoln promoted rapid modernization of the economy through banks , tariffs , and railroads . Because he had originally agreed not to run for a second term in Congress , and because his opposition to the Mexican -- American War was unpopular among Illinois voters , Lincoln returned to Springfield and resumed his successful law practice . Reentering politics in 1854 , he became a leader in building the new Republican Party , which had a statewide majority in Illinois . In 1858 , while taking part in a series of highly publicized debates with his opponent and rival , Democrat Stephen A. Douglas , Lincoln spoke out against the expansion of slavery , but lost the U.S. Senate race to Douglas . In 1860 , Lincoln secured the Republican Party presidential nomination as a moderate from a swing state . Though he gained very little support in the slaveholding states of the South , he swept the North and was elected president in 1860 . Lincoln 's victory prompted seven southern slave states to form the Confederate States of America before he moved into the White House -- no compromise or reconciliation was found regarding slavery and secession . Subsequently , on April 12 , 1861 , a Confederate attack on Fort Sumter inspired the North to enthusiastically rally behind the Union . As the leader of the moderate faction of the Republican Party , Lincoln confronted Radical Republicans , who demanded harsher treatment of the South , War Democrats , who called for more compromise , anti-war Democrats ( called Copperheads ) , who despised him , and irreconcilable secessionists , who plotted his assassination . Politically , Lincoln fought back by pitting his opponents against each other , by carefully planned political patronage , and by appealing to the American people with his powers of oratory . His Gettysburg Address became an iconic endorsement of the principles of nationalism , republicanism , equal rights , liberty , and democracy . Lincoln initially concentrated on the military and political dimensions of the war . His primary goal was to reunite the nation . He suspended habeas corpus , leading to the controversial ex parte Merryman decision , and he averted potential British intervention in the war by defusing the Trent Affair in late 1861 . Lincoln closely supervised the war effort , especially the selection of top generals , including his most successful general , Ulysses S. Grant . He also made major decisions on Union war strategy , including a naval blockade that shut down the South 's normal trade , moves to take control of Kentucky and Tennessee , and using gunboats to gain control of the southern river system . Lincoln tried repeatedly to capture the Confederate capital at Richmond ; each time a general failed , Lincoln substituted another , until finally Grant succeeded . As the war progressed , his complex moves toward ending slavery included the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 ; Lincoln used the U.S. Army to protect escaped slaves , encouraged the border states to outlaw slavery , and pushed through Congress the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , which permanently outlawed slavery . An exceptionally astute politician deeply involved with power issues in each state , Lincoln reached out to the War Democrats and managed his own re-election campaign in the 1864 presidential election . Anticipating the war 's conclusion , Lincoln pushed a moderate view of Reconstruction , seeking to reunite the nation speedily through a policy of generous reconciliation in the face of lingering and bitter divisiveness . On April 14 , 1865 , five days after the surrender of Confederate commanding general Robert E. Lee , Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth , a Confederate sympathizer . Lincoln has been consistently ranked both by scholars and the public as among the greatest U.S. presidents .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "1d558b3af2b792c60e4df986c2e98eeb", "text": "Albert Gallatin Edwards Albert Gallatin Edwards ( October 15 , 1812 -- April 19 , 1892 ) was an Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Treasury under President of the United States Abraham Lincoln and founder of brokerage firm A. G. Edwards . Edwards was born in Kentucky in 1812 and named after Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin . His father was Illinois Governor and U.S. Senator , Ninian Edwards . He graduated from West Point and was stationed near St. Louis , MO. . There he met Louise Cabanne , the daughter of a prominent St. Louis Family , whom he married in 1835 . Following his marriage , Edwards resigned from the military and entered the wholesale business . Edwards fought for the Union during the American Civil War and was rewarded for his effort by President Lincoln who named him United States Assistant Secretary of the Treasury of the Treasury in April , 1865 . Later , in 1887 , at the age of 75 , he founded the brokerage firm that bore his name , A. G. Edwards . He is buried at Bellefontaine Cemetery in St. Louis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f28f18e736994fa09660b9384c0051a9", "text": "List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln See also Wikipedia article on Tad Lincoln for the famous 1864 photograph of Abraham Lincoln with his son Tad , by Anthony Berger .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af31ebac68c687b708e9d783d429cba4", "text": "New York City draft riots The New York draft riots ( July 13 -- 16 , 1863 ) , known at the time as Draft Week , were violent disturbances in Lower Manhattan , widely regarded as the culmination of working-class discontent with new laws passed by Congress that year to draft men to fight in the ongoing American Civil War . The riots remain the largest civil and racial insurrection in American history , aside from the Civil War itself . U.S. President Abraham Lincoln diverted several regiments of militia and volunteer troops from following up after the Battle of Gettysburg to control the city . The rioters were overwhelmingly working-class men , who resented that wealthier men , who could afford to pay a $ 300 ( equivalent to $ 9,157 in 2017 ) commutation fee to hire a substitute , were spared from the draft . Initially intended to express anger at the draft , the protests turned into a race riot , with white rioters , predominantly Irish immigrants , attacking blacks throughout the city . The official death toll was listed at either 119 or 120 individuals . Conditions in the city were such that Major General John E. Wool , commander of the Department of the East , said on July 16 that `` Martial law ought to be proclaimed , but I have not a sufficient force to enforce it . '' The military did not reach the city until after the first day of rioting , by which time the mobs , primarily ethnic Irish , had already ransacked or destroyed numerous public buildings , two Protestant churches , the homes of various abolitionists or sympathizers , many black homes , and the Colored Orphan Asylum at 44th Street and Fifth Avenue , which was burned to the ground . The area 's demographics changed as a result of the riot . Many blacks left Manhattan permanently ( many moving to Brooklyn ) . By 1865 their population fell below 10,000 , the number in 1820 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "851605e2397d2a2226a0f6483d236173", "text": "Liberian general election, 1877 Presidential elections were held in Liberia in 1877 . The result was a victory for Anthony W. Gardiner of the True Whig Party . Gardiner took office on 7 January 1878 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe7ccac40aca650d63c6ef6cbc9731c3", "text": "The Lincoln Hunters The Lincoln Hunters is a 1958 novel by Wilson Tucker . The novel , set in the year 2578 , details the story of a historian from the oppressive society of that year , who travels back in time to record Abraham Lincoln 's Lost Speech of May 19 , 1856 in Bloomington , Illinois . It contains a vivid description of Lincoln in the early stages of his career , seen through the eyes of a future American who feels that Lincoln and his time compare very favorably with the traveler 's own . The book is mentioned in 11/22/63 , a novel by Stephen King that also centers around time travel and an assassinated president . Furthermore , the protagonist springboards to 1958-the year `` Hunters '' first ran-to alter the timeline by 1963 . Category :1958 American novels Category :1950 s science fiction novels Category : American science fiction novels Category : Time travel novels Category : Novels by Wilson Tucker Category :1856 in fiction Category : Novels set in Illinois Category :26 th century in fiction Category : Fictional depictions of Abraham Lincoln in literature", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e1be42205619903da3c01ebed1666d6f", "text": "Inauguration of Andrew Johnson The inauguration of Andrew Johnson as the 17th President of the United States was held on April 15 , 1865 at the Kirkwood House in Washington , D.C. , following the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln . The inauguration marked the commencement of Andrew Johnson 's only term ( a partial term of ) as President . Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase administered the Oath of office . After the ceremony , President Johnson gave an impromptu inaugural address , which began with him begging the cabinet to remain with him and then attacking the Confederacy with such venom , that one witness remarked `` It would have been better had he been struck dumb . '' As President Lincoln lay dying , Vice President Johnson visited the room where he lay , and when Mrs. Lincoln saw him , it was reported , she screamed and demanded he be removed . So he went back to his room at the Kirkwood House . According to newspaper reports , the Vice President had gotten severely inebriated , and when aides to the now-dead president came to fetch the new President they were unable to wake him for several minutes . When he was finally awake , the accounts read , `` he had puffy eyes and his hair was caked with mud from the street , '' and that a barber and doctor were summoned to clean him up for the ten-o'clock ceremony , which most accounts agree went smoothly . However , there are other accounts , believed more reliable by some , which refute this claim .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b6847ebe5a511bbef7d24efe2366e19", "text": "United States Senate elections, 1878 and 1879 The United States Senate elections of 1878 and 1879 were elections which had the Democratic Party retake control of the United States Senate for the first time since before the Civil War . As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment , Senators were chosen by State legislatures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b37180cae8530e961e4c779d6e1aff56", "text": "Inauguration of Abraham Lincoln Inauguration of Abraham Lincoln may refer to : First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln , 1861 Second inauguration of Abraham Lincoln , 1865", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5a64832fbcf0c76254e7bfd401e9372", "text": "Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War This timeline of events leading up to the American Civil War describes and links to narrative articles and references about many of the events and issues which historians recognize as origins and causes of the Civil War . The pre-Civil War events can be roughly divided into a period encompassing the long term build-up over many decades and a period encompassing the five-month build to war immediately after the election of Abraham Lincoln as President in the Election of 1860 which culminated in the Fall of Fort Sumter ( April 1861 ) . Since the early colonial period in Virginia , slavery had been a part of the socioeconomic system of British North America and was recognized in the Thirteen Colonies at the time of the United States ' Declaration of Independence ( 1776 ) . Since then , events and statements by politicians and others brought forth differences , tensions and divisions between the people of the slave states of the Southern United States and the people of the free states of the Northern United States ( including Western states ) over the topics of slavery . The large underlying issue from which other issues developed was whether slavery should be retained and even expanded to other areas or whether it should be contained and eventually abolished . Over many decades , these issues and divisions became increasingly irreconcilable and contentious . Events in the 1850s culminated with the election of the anti-slavery-expansion Republican Abraham Lincoln as President on November 6 , 1860 . This provoked the first round of state secessions as leaders of the Deep South cotton states were unwilling to remain in a second class political status with their way of life threatened by the President himself . Initially , the seven Deep South states seceded , with economies based on cotton ( then in heavy European demand with rising prices ) . They were Alabama , Florida , Georgia , Louisiana , Mississippi , South Carolina and Texas . After the Confederates attacked and captured Fort Sumter , President Lincoln called for volunteers to march south and suppress the rebellion . This pushed the four other Upper South States ( Virginia , North Carolina , Tennessee , and Arkansas ) also to secede . These states completed the formation of the Confederate States of America . Their addition to the Confederacy insured a war would be prolonged and bloody because they contributed territory and soldiers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "644f8a84256f5d138d80c5601bec0c99", "text": "Half-Breed (politics) The `` Half-Breeds '' were a political faction of the United States Republican Party in the late 19th century . The Half-Breeds were a moderate-wing group , and were the opponents of the Stalwarts , the other main faction of the Republican Party . The main issue that divided the Stalwarts and the Half-Breeds was political patronage . The Stalwarts were in favor of political machines and spoils system-style patronage , while the Half-Breeds , led by Maine senator James G. Blaine , were in favor of civil service reform and a merit system . The epithet `` Half-Breed '' was invented in derision by the Stalwarts to denote those whom they perceived as being only half Republican . In the 1880 Republican National Convention , the Stalwart candidate , former president Ulysses S. Grant , was pitted against Half-Breed James G. Blaine for the party nomination . Grant 's campaign was led by Stalwart leader Roscoe Conkling of New York , the state with the biggest split between Stalwarts and Half-Breeds . Despite Conkling 's attempts at imposing a unit-rule in the Republican National Convention by which a state 's votes would be grouped together for only one candidate , a number of Stalwarts went against him by vocalizing their support for the Half-Breed Blaine . The Half-Breeds united to defeat the unit-rule in a vote , and elected Half-Breed George Frisbie Hoar to the position as temporary chairman of the convention . Both sides knew there was no chance of victory for either candidate , and the Half-Breeds chose James Garfield as a compromise candidate . Garfield won the party 's nomination on the thirty-sixth ballot , and won the 1880 presidential election . Blaine was chosen as Garfield 's Secretary of State , and carried heavy influence over the political appointments Garfield issued for congressional approval . After Garfield was assassinated by Charles J. Guiteau , a Stalwart , who proclaimed , `` I am a Stalwart of the Stalwarts and Arthur will be President '' , the new Stalwart president Chester A. Arthur surprised those in his own faction by promoting civil service reform and issuing government jobs based on a merit system . The Half-Breeds put through Congress the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act ( authored by Democrat George H. Pendleton ) , and Arthur signed the bill into law on January 16 , 1883 . The act put an end to the spoils system , at least symbolically , placing a significant number of federal employees under the merit system and putting the government on the road to true reform . The act also set up the United States Civil Service Commission , banished political tests , denied jobs to alcoholics and created competitive measures for some federal positions . The Half-Breed and Stalwart factions both dissociated towards the end of the 1880s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee4eedd5cd5a0bcb807cf82134b1ec05", "text": "The Federal Union The Federal Union : A History of the United States to 1877 ( originally published as The Federal Union : A History of the United States to 1865 ) is history of the United States written by John D. Hicks , George E. Mowry and Robert E. Burke . First published in 1937 , it covered the period from the discovery of the Americas in 1492 to the end of the Civil War in 1865 . Four revised editions followed that also covered the Reconstruction Era up to 1877 , and accordingly were published with an updated subtitle . The fifth and final edition appeared in 1970 . The Federal Union was primarily written as a university-level textbook , and was published with accompanying manuals for instructors and for students . It was the first of a two-volume set . The second volume was entitled The American Nation : 1865 to the Present . An abridged one-volume edition first appeared in 1946 as A Short History of American Democracy . The book was aimed at undergraduate students , other readers appreciated its qualities . For example , historian George Fort Milton admired Hicks 's `` capacity for extraordinary compression without at the same time either getting the style too bare-bones for pleasurable reading ; or the facts too black-and-white for the necessary implications of gradations of gray . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a84a8114b1334836dd931f3338c1c72b", "text": "President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers On April 15 , 1861 , at the start of the American Civil War , the President of the United States , Abraham Lincoln , called for a 75,000-man militia to serve for three months following the bombardment and surrender of Fort Sumter . Some slave states refused to send troops against their neighboring slave states , with the result that most such states also declared secession from the United States and joined the Confederate States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f957274b6cb05d1647ed7239bd7e19ce", "text": "Archibald Williams (judge) Archibald Williams ( June 10 , 1801 -- September 21 , 1863 ) was a United States federal judge . Born in Montgomery County , Kentucky , Williams read law to enter the bar in 1828 . He was in private practice in Quincy , Illinois beginning in 1829 . He was the United States Attorney for the District of Illinois from 1849 to 1853 . He served in both the Illinois House of Representatives and the Illinois State Senate . On March 8 , 1861 , Williams was nominated by President Abraham Lincoln to a new seat on the United States District Court for the District of Kansas created by 12 Stat . 126 . He was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 12 , 1861 , and received his commission the same day . Williams served in that capacity until his death , in 1863 , in Quincy , Illinois . Archibald Williams 's historical significance was based on his close friendship with Abraham Lincoln , the 16th President of the United States , who issued the Emancipation Proclamation freeing the slaves . Lincoln was from Springfield , Illinois , and Williams was from Quincy , Illinois , a port city on the Mississippi River along the western border of the state . The two men were close political allies in the Whig Party and , later on , in the newly founded Republican Party . They first met when serving in the Illinois state legislature in the early 1830 's . They were compatriots for 29 years . Archibald Williams led the life of a political party workhorse , first for the Whig Party and then the Republicans . He served in the Illinois state legislature , made two unsuccessful runs for the U.S. Senate as a Whig , played a leading role at the Illinois state Constitutional Convention of 1847 , chaired many important political meetings in Quincy , Illinois , attended many state political party conventions , made an unsuccessful run for the U.S. House of Representatives , and in 1858 campaigned in Illinois for his friend Abraham Lincoln . In all recorded instances , Archibald Williams gave Abraham Lincoln his true and unwavering support . Archibald Williams died in 1863 . By that time , Abraham Lincoln was President of the United States and the leader of the Northern states during the American Civil War . Birth and Early Life Archibald Williams was born in Montgomery County , Kentucky , on June 10 , 1801 . He was the son of John Williams and Amelia Gill Williams . He grew up in Kentucky , qualified to be a lawyer in the neighboring state of Tennessee , and then moved west with some of his brothers and sisters to Quincy , Illinois . As a young attorney , he rode circuit , going from county court to county court arguing legal cases . He was particularly noted for taking cases on appeal , and he argued many cases before the Illinois state Supreme Court . He married Nancy Kemp , who also had come from Kentucky , on July 28 , 1831 . They had nine children , but only five grew up to be adults . For several months in early 1832 he served as a volunteer in the Black Hawk War against Native Americans . In the fall of 1832 he strongly supported Henry Clay for President of the United States . At the Illinois State Legislature Archibald Williams was elected to the Illinois state Senate in 1832 . He studied and reported on School Financing to the state Senate , arguing for local control of schools rather than establishing a statewide system . Later in his legislative career , he labeled the Illinois Internal Improvements program `` Infernal Improvements '' due to its financial difficulties leading to bankruptcy . Abraham Lincoln was elected to the state legislature in 1834 . Archibald Williams and Lincoln became good friends and both subsequently joined the Whig Party . Lincoln was said to have seen Archibald Williams as a great `` reasoner . '' The two men were described as `` sitting next to each other in the southeast corner of the statehouse . '' It was noted : `` Lincoln did not hesitate to consult Williams at all times , and the two men were often associated in legal work . '' Twice the Whig Candidate for U.S. Senator Archibald Williams ran for the United States Senate as a Whig in 1836 and in 1842 . At those times the selection of U.S. senators was made by both houses of the state legislature . Lincoln voted for Archibald Williams the first time he ran for U.S. Senator in 1836 . The second time Archibald Williams ran , in 1842 , Lincoln was no longer in the state legislature and thus could not vote for his friend . In both instances , Archibald Williams was not elected . Witnessed Abraham Lincoln 's Admission to U.S. Courts Abraham Lincoln was admitted to practice law in the United States Circuit Court on December 3 , 1839 . U.S Court Judge Nathaniel Pope presided over the ceremony . A Quincy , Illinois , newspaper noted that Archibald Williams was present at the ceremony . Presided Over Whig Party State Conventions in Illinois Archibald Williams presided over a Whig Party state convention meeting in Springfield , Illinois , in 1843 . Abraham Lincoln attended the convention and was elected a Whig Party presidential elector for the 1844 presidential election . Unfortunately for the Whigs , Democrat James K. Polk of Tennessee won the presidential election . In June of 1844 , Archibald Williams was elected president of an Illinois state Whig Party convention in Peoria , Illinois . Abraham Lincoln spoke to the convention in support of the United States charging higher tariffs on imported goods , a major Whig position at the time . Supported African Colonization of Freed Slaves Along with Abraham Lincoln , Archibald Williams in the 1840 's supported the African colonization of freed slaves by joining the Illinois colonization society . Although opposed to slavery , both men believed Southerners should be allowed to keep their slaves but also should be urged to free their slaves voluntarily and return them to Africa . This was thought to be a reasonable and non-coercive solution to the slavery problem . The Mormon Problem in Illinois Joining with his friend and fellow Quincy lawyer Orville Browning , Archibald Williams in 1840 helped to defend Mormon leader Joseph Smith from being extradited to Missouri to face possible execution for alleged crimes . Joseph Smith was the founder of the Church of Latter Day Saints ( Mormons ) , and he and his church were unpopular because of the voting power of his supporters and their belief in men having multiple wives . Thanks to Browning 's and Williams 's arguments in court , Smith was not extradited to Missouri but remained in Illinois and founded a Mormon colony at Nauvoo , Illinois . Four years later , in 1844 , Smith and his brother Hyrum were murdered by a mob while incarcerated in the jail at Carthage , Illinois . Williams and Browning switched sides and helped to defend in court the accused murderers of Joseph and Hyrum Smith . The murderers were all found not-guilty . Shortly afterward , Archibald Williams chaired a meeting in Quincy , Illinois , that sought to arrange for a peaceful departure of the Mormons from Illinois to the far western state of Utah . Archibald Williams appointed a delegation of Quincy citizens that traveled to Nauvoo and convinced the new Mormon leader , Brigham Young , to leave Illinois for Utah in an orderly manner . Brigham Young said the Mormons could not leave immediately , but when `` grass grows and water runs , '' both signs of spring . The following spring the Mormons peacefully left Illinois for Utah , traveling mainly by wagon train . The Illinois Constitutional Convention of 1847 Archibald Williams was elected to the Illinois state Constitutional Convention of 1847 as a Whig . The convention met in the state capitol in Springfield , Illinois , and proceeded to write an improved state constitution . Williams was elected in a Democratic district against a Democratic candidate . Although the Democrats had a majority of the delegates to the convention , the Whigs could break away Democratic votes when they needed them and ended up dominating the convention . A historian noted : `` James W. Singleton of Mount Sterling , Archibald Williams of Quincy , and David M. Woodson of Carrollton aggressively upheld the Whig cause against the attacks of various capable Democratic opponents . '' At the constitutional convention , Archibald Williams and the Whig Party supported the rights of property , strict voting requirements in state elections , and allowing the state legislature to override the governor 's veto by a majority vote rather than a two-thirds vote . Two issues were sent to the state 's voters - one calling for the creation of an Illinois state bank and the other limiting the immigration into Illinois of freed slaves from the slave states . The voters of Illinois rejected the idea of an Illinois state bank but approved limiting the immigration of freed slaves . Archibald Williams gave a major speech at the constitutional convention opposing the idea that the Illinois Supreme Court should meet at various locations throughout the state rather than only in the state capital of Springfield . After the constitutional convention adjourned , the voters of Illinois approved the new constitution by a ratio of almost 4 to 1 . The Constitutional Convention of 1847 was a landmark in the legal and political career of Archibald Williams . He succeeded in furthering the ideals and policies of the Whig Party against stiff Democratic Party opposition . He was three months in Springfield , the state capital , meeting and working with many of the leading politicians and government officials from throughout the state . It helped to make him a significant figure in Illinois political and governmental history . The `` Lincoln Letter '' to Archibald Williams In the 1848 presidential election , Abraham Lincoln was backing General Zachary Taylor , a Mexican War hero , for the Whig Party nomination . A problem developed when Orville H. Browning , a Whig Party leader in Quincy , Illinois , supported the nomination of past Whig Party favorite Henry Clay . On April 30 , 1848 , Abraham Lincoln wrote a letter to Archibald Williams urging him to support Zachary Taylor and , if possible , also enlist the support of Browning . The letter read : Washington , April 30 , 1848 Dear Williams , I have not seen in the papers and evidence of a movement to send a delegate from your circuit to the June convention - I wish to say that I think it all important that a delegate should be sent - Mr. Clay 's chance for election is just no chance at all . He might get New York , and that would have elected in 1844 but it will not now ; because he must now at the least , have Tennessee , which he had then and , in addition , the fifteen new votes of Florida , Texas , Iowa , and Wisconsin . I know that our good friend Browning is a great admirer of Mr. Clay , and I therefore fear he is favoring his nomination . If he is , ask him to discard feeling , and try if he can possibly , as a matter of judgement , count the votes necessary to elect him . In my judgment , we can elect nobody but Gen. Taylor , and we can not elect him without a nomination - Therefore do n't fail to send a delegation - Your friend as ever , A. Lincoln This letter demonstrates the close friendship and easygoing familiarity between Abraham Lincoln and Archibald Williams . It also reveals Lincoln 's developing skills as an up and coming Illinois politician . It is not known whether Archibald Williams prevailed on Orville Browning to support Zachary Taylor for the Whig nomination for president in 1848 . What is known is that Zachary Taylor not only gained the Whig Party nomination but also won the presidency . Named U.S. District Attorney for Illinois Once in the White House in Washington , D.C. , newly elected President Zachary Taylor appointed Archibald Williams the United States District Attorney for the state of Illinois . Abraham Lincoln had sent the following letter in support of Williams 's nomination : Washington , March 8 , 1849 Hon : John M. Clayton Secretary of State Dear Sir : We Recommend that Archibald Williams , of Quincy , Illinois , be appointed U.S. District Attorney for the District of Illinois , when that office shall become vacant . Your Obt . Servts . A. Lincoln As U.S. District Attorney for Illinois , it was Archibald Williams 's job to prosecute cases in the U.S. District Court . The job became more difficult for Williams in 1850 when Congress enacted the Compromise of 1850 , which included a new Fugitive Slave Law . This law required Williams , in his role as U.S. District Attorney , to oversee the capture of runaway slaves and their return to their owners in the South . Williams was opposed to slavery personally but , in the 1850 's , acknowledged the right of slave owners in the South to keep their slaves . He fully discharged his duties under the Fugitive Slave Act . Death of Nancy Kemp Williams Archibald Williams 's wife , Nancy Kemp Williams , died on March 16 , 1854 , giving birth to a daughter , Nancy Williams . The baby survived the birth and lived to be an adult . Archibald and Nancy Williams had been married for 22 years . Candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives in 1854 In the early 1850 's , U.S. Senator Stephen Douglas of Illinois sought the adoption of the Kansas and Nebraska acts . The bills provided for Kansas and Nebraska to become territories with provision for `` popular sovereignty , '' the idea that the citizens of each new territory would be allowed to vote on whether the territory should be slave or free . This produced a sharp reaction on the part of those opposed to slavery in the territories , because the Missouri Compromise of 1820 had stated that the lands that comprised Kansas and Nebraska should be free territory , not slave territory . The result was the anti-Nebraska movement , which opposed popular sovereignty for Nebraska on the grounds that the citizens of the territory might vote for slavery and thereby spread slavery further into the territories . Archibald Williams and Abraham Lincoln both became anti-Nebraska men . For his part , Archibald Williams ran for the U.S. House of Representatives in 1854 on a strong anti-Nebraska platform . Williams was running against incumbent Democratic Representative William A. Richardson , a formidable opponent . The U.S. House district that comprised Quincy , Illinois , was strongly Democratic . On the other hand , Richardson was a close political ally of Stephen Douglas and had strongly backed popular sovereignty for Nebraska in the U.S. House . Williams and his supporters hoped the wave of anti-Nebraska sentiment sweeping the northern states might just be strong enough to defeat Richardson , despite the strong Democratic voting tendency of the House district . On October 31 , 1854 , Abraham Lincoln arrived in Quincy , Illinois , to give a speech in support of Archibald Williams 's candidacy for the U.S. House of Representatives . It took two days for him to travel by railroad and stagecoach to Quincy . In a letter to a friend and political ally , Lincoln wrote : `` I am here now going to Quincy , to try to give Mr. -LSB- Archibald -RSB- Williams a little life . '' Even with Abraham Lincoln 's help , Archibald Williams lost the election to William Richardson . The overall election was a success for the anti-Nebraska movement , however , as the anti-Nebraska forces won enough seats to gain a majority in the U.S. House of Representatives . After 1854 , Archibald Williams and Abraham Lincoln and other anti-Nebraskans took the lead in forming the Republican Party in Illinois around the issue of `` no slavery in the territories . '' An Archibald Williams Committee Influences Lincoln Abraham Lincoln wrote a letter in which he said he was ready to `` fuse '' with other anti-slavery groups according to `` principles '' adopted at a public meeting in Quincy , Illinois . The purpose of fusion was to bring many disparate anti-slavery groups together to form the Republican Party . Lincoln 's letter noted that the principles had been drawn up by a three-person committee led `` by Mr. Archibald Williams . '' The principles centered on the idea that Southern slave owners could keep their slaves but that slavery would be forbidden in the territories . Archibald Williams and his committee either influenced Lincoln directly on `` fusion , '' or else they confirmed a position on `` fusion '' that Lincoln had already adopted . At the United States Supreme Court Archibald Williams argued a case before the United States Supreme Court on December 6 and 7 , 1855 . Orville Browning , Williams 's good friend from Quincy , Illinois , was the opposing lawyer . The issue in dispute dealt with rival claims for lands and centered on whether the question of `` bad faith '' in the matter should be decided by a judge or by a jury . The Court ruled in Wright v. Mattison that `` bad faith '' should not be decided by the judge but by the jury , which had been the precedent . The Court ordered the case to be retried in a lower court . The outcome was a victory for Browning and a loss for Williams . The Beginnings of the Republican Party in Illinois In 1856 , Archibald Williams was the temporary chairman at a major anti-Nebraska convention in Bloomington , Illinois . Williams led the convention until a permanent chairman had been elected . While attending the convention , Abraham Lincoln and Archibald Williams slept in the same bed at the Bloomington home of David Davis , a close friend of both men.A historian noted : `` At Bloomington , Lincoln , Archibald Williams , his old associate in the Legislature , -LSB- and -RSB- T. Lyle Dickey , of Ottawa -LSB- Illinois -RSB- , a good lawyer , went to -LSB- David -RSB- Davis 's house and lived there during the Convention . Lincoln and Williams slept in one bed and Dickey and Whitney in another ... The course of the historic Bloomfield Convention was decisively influenced by the counsels that came from the steady men in the Davis House . '' Although the name `` Republican '' was applied at a later date , the anti-Nebraska convention in Bloomington was considered the birthplace of the Republican Party in Illinois . The Election of 1858 In 1858 , at a state party convention in Springfield , Illinois , Abraham Lincoln was nominated to be the Republican candidate for U.S. Senator from Illinois . A resolution passed at the convention stated that Lincoln `` was the first and only choice of the Republicans of Illinois for the U.S. Senate . '' In the famous Lincoln-Douglas debates in the 1858 Illinois U.S. Senate race , Democratic candidate Stephen Douglas attacked Lincoln three times for having been described as `` the first and only choice '' of Illinois Republicans for the Senate seat . All three times , Douglas pointed to Archibald Williams as an Illinois Republican who would have been an acceptable alternate choice to Lincoln in that contest . Archibald Williams traveled and spoke throughout the state of Illinois in Lincoln 's behalf during the 1858 U.S. Senate race . A newspaper in Quincy , Illinois , allied with the Republican Party , printed : `` Old Archie Williams is doing good service for the Republican cause ... He has already spoken at Macomb , Oquawka , Monmouth , Cameron , Galesburg , and other points ... to large assemblages ; and everywhere , he has created enthusiasm and confidence among our friends and animated the lukewarm ... In the winter of his life ... Mr. Williams is found battling for the cause of Republicanism . '' The Illinois state legislature chose Stephen Douglas over Abraham Lincoln in the 1858 U.S. Senate race . A close friend of Lincoln 's wrote : `` In January , 1859 , while the Democrats were celebrating the election of Stephen A. Douglas to the United States Senate , Archibald Williams ... came into Lincoln 's office and finding him writing said : ` Well , the Democrats are making a great noise over their victory . ' Looking up Lincoln replied : ` Yes , Archie , Douglas has taken this trick , but the game is not played out . ' '' The Lincoln-Douglas debates became so well-known that Lincoln gave personally signed presentation copies of the debates to his best friends and political associates . The one given to Archibald Williams was inscribed in Lincoln 's handwriting : `` To Hon : Archibald Williams , with respects of A. Lincoln . '' It was one more sign of Lincoln 's close friendship and strong political alliance with Archibald Williams . The Presidential Election of 1860 On December 25 , 1859 , a number of leading Republicans in Quincy , Illinois , including Archibald Williams , met with Horace Greeley , a prominent national journalist and editor of the New York Tribune . Greeley had famously stated `` Go west , young man . Go west ! '' Williams and the other Quincy Republicans talked to Greeley about Abraham Lincoln possibly becoming the Republican candidate for President in 1860 . Archibald Williams spoke throughout Illinois in behalf of Abraham Lincoln during Lincoln 's successful 1860 campaign for the White House in Washington , D.C. Almost on the Supreme Court , Then U.S. District Judge in Kansas Following his election to the U.S. presidency in 1860 , Abraham Lincoln offered Archibald Williams a seat on the U.S. Supreme Court . Williams refused the offer due to ill health and advanced age . Williams recommended that Lincoln appoint a younger court nominee who could live for more years and thereby serve longer on the Court . Archibald Williams was then appointed by President Lincoln to be the Judge for the U.S. District Court of Kansas . Williams was the first person to hold the office of U.S. District Court Judge in Kansas , because Kansas had just been admitted to the Union as a state . Williams moved to Topeka , Kansas , the state capital , where he served more than two years as U.S. Judge . He moved back to Quincy , Illinois , shortly before his death on September 21 , 1863 . During his tenure as the U.S. District Court Judge for Kansas , Archibald Williams worked on such issues as building a branch of the transcontinental railroad across Kansas , fair treatment of Native Americans in railroad matters , and the loyalty to the Union cause of a U.S. Army officer stationed in Kansas . Also while in Kansas , Williams married his second wife , Ellen M. Parker , on September 24 , 1861 . The marriage lasted a little less than two years until Archibald Williams death . While serving as the U.S. Judge for Kansas , Archibald Williams traveled to Washington , D.C. , and , on May 29 , 1962 , paid a last visit to his old friend Abraham Lincoln in the White House . Death and Burial of Archibald Williams Archibald Williams was praised in obituaries as a leading attorney in Illinois in the mid-19th Century . His many political and governmental activities were noted , along with his deep friendship with Abraham Lincoln . The bar association in Quincy , Illinois , donated a large marble grave marker for Williams . The base of the marker was a stack of law books ; an obelisk was placed on top of the law books . He was buried in Woodland Cemetery in Quincy , Illinois , at a grave site that overlooks the Mississippi River .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b1e9ad0adbc3ed9ec081d1b10c55088", "text": "List of members of the United States House of Representatives who served a single term One-term congressmen are members of the United States House of Representatives that spent only one two-year term ( or less ) in office usually either due to death , resignation , or defeat . In some rare cases freshmen members have decided to run for another office or not run for reelection . A good many members that serve in the House for only one term are viewed as accidental congressmen due to having been elected in a fluke election or by riding in on the coattails of a popular presidential candidate . Among the most famous one-term congressmen were Abraham Lincoln , who served as a Whig in the 30th Congress of 1847-1849 and was later the 16th President of the United States ; John Marshall , who was elected as a Federalist to the 6th Congress and was later the 4th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court ; William Pennington , who served as a Republican in the 36th Congress and was the first sitting Speaker of the House to be defeated in a bid for re-election ; Joseph Pulitzer , the famed newspaper man that resigned from office during his first term ; George Sutherland , who served as a Republican in the 57th Congress and was later an associate U.S. Supreme Court justice ; and William M. `` Boss '' Tweed , who served as a Democrat to the 33rd Congress and later went on to become infamous for his leadership of Tammany Hall , the dominant political machine in New York City throughout the nineteenth century ; and Isidor Straus , the co-owner of Macy 's department store who died in the sinking of the Titanic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27a4e8b601fc765133b26891d836d7f2", "text": "The Great Abraham Lincoln Pocket Watch Conspiracy The Great Abraham Lincoln Pocket Watch Conspiracy is a historical fiction novel written by Jacopo della Quercia . The plot follows President William Howard Taft , scientist and son of a former president Robert Todd Lincoln , Secret Service Chief John Wilkie , Captain ( later Major ) Archibald Butt and others as they slowly unravel a worldwide conspiracy over a decade in the making . The book , which was della Quercia 's debut novel , was published in 2014 by St. Martin 's Griffin , an imprint of publishing company St. Martin 's Press . The author described the book 's genre not as singular distinct genre , but as an `` equal parts cocktail '' of adventure , historical fiction , science fiction , thriller and comedy . In 2015 , della Quercia released a spiritual sequel , License to Quill , of a similar nature that concerns the lives of Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare in Reformation-era Europe . The book has many references to actual events ; some , such as the sinking of the RMS Titanic , are important plot points , while others , such as the destruction of the zeppelin Erbslöh , are passively mentioned as news or memories . The author also includes excerpts from real newspaper articles , which were used to provide exposition in the storyline . Similarly , all of the main characters in the book were real , relevant figures in the 20th century . The characters profiles were fictionalized to fit in with the book 's plot and atmosphere , but their names , positions , occupations and personalities are kept largely intact .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b35e55e0a436792fcb11212535b214f5", "text": "The Lincoln–Douglas Debates (1994 reenactments) The 1994 reenactments of the Lincoln -- Douglas Debates took place between August 20 and October 15 , 1994 and were facilitated and aired by C-SPAN . They featured historical reenactors presenting , in their entireties , the series of seven debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas that took place during the 1858 U.S. Senate campaign in Illinois . The debate reenactments were held in the same seven cities as were the 1858 debates , and were performed on dates very close to the anniversaries of the original debates . They were broadcast live on C-SPAN , and have been rebroadcast periodically ever since .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9580530101cd38635e3d08557928a958", "text": "1860 Republican National Convention The 1860 Republican National Convention , also known as the 2nd Republican National Convention , was a nominating convention of the Republican Party of the United States , held in Chicago , Illinois , from May 16 to 18 , 1860 . The gathering nominated former U.S. Representative Abraham Lincoln of Illinois for President of the United States and Senator Hannibal Hamlin of Maine for Vice President . Lincoln 's nomination was a surprise , as the favorite before the convention had been former Governor of New York and U.S. Senator William H. Seward . Lincoln 's campaign manager , David Davis , is credited for Lincoln 's victory over Thurlow Weed , Seward 's campaign manager . Lincoln-Hamlin went on to defeat three other major tickets that year , including Democratic nominee Stephen A. Douglas , U.S. Senator from Illinois .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37b337b84e6daf36331cc78a26e4d614", "text": "United States presidential election, 1836 The United States presidential election of 1836 was the 13th quadrennial presidential election , held from Thursday , November 3 , to Wednesday , December 7 , 1836 . As the third consecutive election victory for the Democratic Party , it ushered incumbent Vice President Martin Van Buren into the White House with 170 electoral votes to 124 electoral votes for William Henry Harrison and other Whigs . The popular vote was closer ; Martin Van Buren attracted 764,000 votes to the 738,000 won by the various Whig candidates . The election of 1836 is principally remembered for three distinctive circumstances : The Whig Party ran four candidates in different parts of the country in hopes that each would be popular enough to defeat Democrat Martin Van Buren in their respective region . The strategy failed , but had three of the four received more electoral votes then Van Buren , it would have been left to the House of Representatives to decide between the competing Whig candidates . Richard Mentor Johnson became the first ( and to date only ) Vice President elected by the United States Senate . Although pledged to Van Buren and Johnson ( his running mate ) , Virginia 's 23 electors refused to vote for Johnson , which left him one electoral vote short of the 148-vote majority required to be elected . As such , it was left to the Senate to decide between the top two vote recipient recipients , Johnson and Francis Granger . Johnson was elected on the first ballot 33 to 16 . This was the last election until the 1988 election ( of George H. W. Bush ) in which the incumbent Vice President was elected to succeed the president under whom he served . The election of 1836 also marked an important turning point in American political history because of the part it played in establishing the Second Party System . In the 1830s the political party structure was still changing , rapidly , the Democratic Party was organized , but factional and personal leaders still played a major role in politics . By the end of the campaign of 1836 , the new party system was almost complete , as nearly every faction had been absorbed by either the Democrats or the Whigs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a344c232bf9090ad9e64c5a8322d50f", "text": "Abraham Lincoln (Brown) Abraham Lincoln is an outdoor bronze sculpture of Abraham Lincoln by Henry Kirke Brown , located at Union Square in Manhattan , New York . Cast in 1870 and dedicated on September 16 of that year , the statue was originally installed at the southwest corner of Union Square , where the sculpture of Mahatma Gandhi stands today . In 1875 , a stone and bronze rail fence was constructed around the statue of Lincoln ; the fence included an inscription of text from his second inaugural address , `` ... with malice toward none ; charity toward all . '' During the 1930 redesign of Union Square Park , the statue was moved to its current location , but the fence remained . The statue is in axial alignment with the Independence Flagstaff and George Washington . It was conserved in 1992 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "405e28906322882c5be9b4b27f4c35fd", "text": "1978", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ba49f518735c3b7e80a62f053f9a0c03", "text": "Darth Vader Darth Vader , also known by his birth name Anakin Skywalker , is a fictional character in the Star Wars franchise . Vader appears in the original film trilogy as a pivotal antagonist whose actions drive the plot , while his past as Anakin Skywalker and the story of his corruption are central to the narrative of the prequel trilogy . The character was created by George Lucas and has been portrayed by numerous actors . His appearances span the first six Star Wars films , as well as Rogue One , and his character is heavily referenced in Star Wars : The Force Awakens . He is also an important character in the Star Wars expanded universe of television series , video games , novels , literature and comic books . Originally a Jedi prophesied to bring balance to the Force , he falls to the dark side of the Force and serves the evil Galactic Empire at the right hand of his Sith master , Emperor Palpatine ( also known as Darth Sidious ) . He is also the father of Luke Skywalker and Princess Leia Organa , secret husband of Padmé Amidala and grandfather of Kylo Ren . Darth Vader has become one of the most iconic villains in popular culture , and has been listed among the greatest villains and fictional characters ever . The American Film Institute listed him as the third greatest movie villain in cinema history on 100 Years ... 100 Heroes and Villains , behind Hannibal Lecter and Norman Bates . However , other critics consider him a tragic hero , citing his original motivations for the greater good before his fall to the dark side .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "3b10c1beeadb87af255baa7b2ee5dec0", "text": "Isaac Newton in popular culture Isaac Newton was an English scientist , mathematician , natural philosopher , theologian and one of the most influential scientists in human history . His Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica , published in 1687 , is considered to be one of the most influential book in the history of science , laying the groundwork for most of classical mechanics . In this work , Newton described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion which dominated the scientific view of the physical universe for the next three centuries . In mathematics , Newton shares the credit with Gottfried Leibniz for the development of the differential and integral calculus . Because of the resounding impact of his work , Newton became a scientific icon , much like Albert Einstein after his theory of relativity . Many books , plays , and films focus on Newton or use Newton as a literary device . Newton 's stature among scientists remains at the very top rank , as demonstrated by a 2005 survey of scientists in Britain 's Royal Society ( formerly headed by Newton ) asking who had the greater effect on the history of science , Newton or Albert Einstein . Newton was deemed the more influential . In 1999 , leading physicists voted Einstein `` greatest physicist ever ; '' Newton was the runner-up .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4d63d8d887c064c3e348c952adb7dd7", "text": "List of Star Wars species (K–O) This is a list of Star Wars species , containing the names of fictional sentient species from the Star Wars franchise beginning with the letters K through O. Star Wars is an American epic space opera film series created by George Lucas . The first film in the series , Star Wars , was released on May 25 , 1977 and became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon , followed by five sequels and three prequels . Many species of alien creatures ( often humanoid ) are depicted .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f63e87f9a7339b3134b10ea741f8e3f", "text": "Draconian (Doctor Who) The Draconians are an extraterrestrial race . They were featured in the British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Their only television appearance to date was in the 1973 serial Frontier in Space . Unlike many `` monster '' races in Doctor Who , the Draconians were articulate and portrayed as having a sophisticated and advanced culture like feudal Japan . In later interviews , Jon Pertwee cited the Draconians as his favourite of all the monsters he had encountered during his time as the Doctor . The Draconian Empire was a vast spacefaring feudal civilisation of reptilian humanoids , centered on the planet Draconia , with a society stratifed along class and gender lines ( for example , females were not permitted to speak in the presence of the Emperor ) that was bound by a strong code of honour . The Draconian Empire dated back to at least the 21st century , when a space plague that afflicted their world was dealt with by the Doctor . For his services , the 15th Emperor made the Doctor a noble of Draconia . The Earth Empire 's first contact with the Draconian Empire was in the year 2520 . The ship sent by the Draconians for the peace mission was a battlecruiser , as befitted a noble of Draconia , although ( as agreed ) its missile banks were empty and it was otherwise unarmed . However , both Draconian and Earth ships were caught in a neutron storm , damaging the Earth ship and destroying the Draconian ship 's communications systems . As a result , the Draconian ship was unable to respond to the Earth ship 's signals . The commander of the Earth ship saw what he perceived to be a battlecruiser bearing down on his crippled vessel and gave the order to attack , destroying the battlecruiser and triggering off a brief but bloody war in which millions of lives were lost . An uneasy peace was negotiated in the end , leading to two decades of cold war and the carving out of a frontier between the two empires . In 2540 , several incidents involving attacks on cargo freighters along their respective borders nearly led to the war turning hot once more , with both sides accusing the other of piracy and violating the frontier . These attacks turned out to be the work of Ogron mercenaries under the orders of the renegade Time Lord known as the Master , who was using a sonic hypnosis device to make the Earth crews see the Ogrons as Draconians and vice versa . The Master had allied himself with the Daleks , who were launching another bid for galactic conquest and hoped to pick up the pieces after a new Earth-Draconia War . The plot was revealed by the Third Doctor , and instead of going to war against each other , the two empires united against the Daleks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bbdf564ca2264907ce793fef0385720d", "text": "The New Avengers (comics) The New Avengers is a fictional team of superheroes appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics . The title has been used for four American comic book series . The first two were written by Brian Michael Bendis and depicted a version of Marvel 's premiere superhero team , the Avengers . The third was written by Jonathan Hickman and depicted a group of characters called the Illuminati ( formerly introduced in New Avengers Vol . 1 # 7 -LSB- July 2005 -RSB- ) . The fourth is written by Al Ewing and depicts the former scientific terrorist group A.I.M. , reformed as `` Avengers Idea Mechanics '' , whose field team has appropriated the name `` New Avengers '' for itself .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f83c9bcd2fcb2e65b3c3c51d09d972fb", "text": "Jedi Academy trilogy The Jedi Academy trilogy is a trilogy of science fiction novels set in the Star Wars expanded universe . Written by Kevin J. Anderson , the plot takes place around seven years after the events of Return of the Jedi , in 11 ABY . The series chronicles Luke Skywalker 's early attempts to rebuild the Jedi Order after the defeat of the Emperor . Some of the events in the trilogy are retold from a different perspective in I , Jedi by Michael A. Stackpole .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4765b9e0692641feaf7c2aa2d4f2c8a", "text": "Star Wars Holiday Special The Star Wars Holiday Special is a 1978 American musical science fiction television film set in the Star Wars galaxy . It stars the series ' first film 's main cast while introducing the character Boba Fett , who would appear in later films . It is one of the first official Star Wars spin-offs and was directed by Steve Binder . In the storyline that ties the special together , Chewbacca and Han Solo visit Kashyyyk , Chewbacca 's home world , to celebrate Life Day . They are pursued by agents of the Galactic Empire , who are searching for members of the Rebel Alliance on the planet . The special introduces three members of Chewbacca 's family : his father Itchy , his wife Malla , and his son Lumpy , though these names were later explained to have been nicknames , their full names being Attichitcuk , Mallatobuck , and Lumpawarrump , respectively . The program also features many other Star Wars characters , including Luke Skywalker , C-3PO , R2-D2 , Darth Vader and Princess Leia ( who sings the film 's `` theme song '' , set to the music of John Williams ' Star Wars theme , near the end ) , all of them portrayed by the original actors . The program includes stock footage from Star Wars , and also features a cartoon produced by Toronto-based Nelvana that officially introduces the bounty hunter Boba Fett . Scenes also take place in outer space and in spacecraft including the Millennium Falcon and an Imperial Star Destroyer . The variety-show segments and cartoon also take place in a few other locales , such as a Mos Eisley cantina on the desert planet of Tatooine and a newly introduced red ocean planet known as Panna . The special is notorious for its extremely negative reception and has never been rebroadcast or officially released on home video . It has therefore become something of a cultural legend , because of the `` underground '' quality of its existence . It has been viewed and distributed in off-air recordings made from its original telecast by fans , which were later adapted to content-sharing websites via the Internet and bootleg copies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "829dad31afe01d907adb5f39cccc2edd", "text": "Airpower Airpower or air power comprises the application of military strategy and strategic theory to the realm of aerial warfare . Airpower began with the advent of powered flight early in the 20th century . Airpower represents a `` complex operating environment that has been subjected to considerable debate '' . British doctrine defines airpower as `` the ability to project power from the air and space to influence the behaviour of people or the course of events . '' Airpower is a function of air supremacy and numbers . Roughly speaking , a combatant side that has 100 % or near 100 % control of the skies has air supremacy ; an advantage of some 70 -- 90 % would indicate air superiority . A 50/50 split is air parity ; lower than this , one side may be said to be air denied or air incapable . Because aeroplanes generally take off from designed airfields on missions typically involving some hours of cruising , the precise state of air superiority is fluid and less defined vis-a-vis land or sea warfare . For example , a contested airspace directly above a battlespace bristling with anti-aircraft weapons may be denied to the air forces of both sides . Further , the completely different situations of a technologically advanced airforce with one flight of high-tech planes ( air supremacy but low capacity ) or a low-tech force of massive numbers of low-tech planes ( e.g. , An-2 ) resulting in high capacity but low long-term survivability demonstrate that ` air power ' is multi-faceted and complex . Significant contributors to theorizing about air power have been Giulio Douhet , Billy Mitchell , John Boyd and John A. Warden III . At the start of World War I , opinions differed on the national air forces and the value of airships . Some early strategists/visionaries after World War I imagined that airpower alone would suffice to bring nations to their knees . The Bombing of Guernica was an early trial that revealed both capabilities and limitations . But yet another maxim , `` no war was ever won solely by airpower '' was challenged by the NATO victory in Kosovo . Airpower has been used to conduct lightning strategic strikes , to complement land offensives , to instill fear and lower morale similarly to a fleet in being , and to create broad-based destruction behind enemy lines . With airpower , supplies can be transported by cargo planes , providing a decisive edge in mobility . Military and civilian aircraft interact in a number of complex ways , including shootdowns of civilian planes , whether mistaken or not ; military escorts of civilian planes ; civilian planes being used for military transport , espionage , or other purposes ; and/or no-fly zones being enforced to punish or sanction a target nation . Airpower also relates to space power , although militarization of space remains regulated by international treaty . Developed nations have enjoyed a consistent advantage in airpower since the beginning of mechanized flight . Airpower has been wielded mostly decisively in the last hundred years by Nazi Germany , the United Kingdom , the United States , the Soviet Union , Japan , Italy , and France , with many client nations using aircraft developed by one or more of these nations . A mass technological base is considered necessary for the development of airpower .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed7823d01d935dee968a9df61cb6619d", "text": "Starkiller Starkiller , born Galen Marek and also known as The Apprentice , is the Dark Jedi anti-hero protagonist of the Star Wars : The Force Unleashed project . In 2014 , Lucasfilm rebranded him as part of the Star Wars Legends non-canonical story-line , and the character has not been re-introduced yet into the Star Wars canon . He is raised by Darth Vader and is made his secret apprentice under the name `` Starkiller '' due to being potent with using the Force for destructive purposes and described as less of an assassin and more of a `` Force wrecking ball '' . The character 's name is taken from Luke Skywalker 's original name , `` Annikin Starkiller '' . The character 's likeness and voice are provided by Samuel Witwer . Despite The Force Unleashed being of non-canonical Legends status , Witwer still remains part of the Star Wars canon by voicing Darth Maul in the animated series Star Wars : The Clone Wars and Star Wars Rebels . IGN called Starkiller 's story `` nice and complete '' . Game Informer , UGO Networks and GameDaily also gave good reviews . However , GamesRadar has criticized Starkiller 's design . In GameSpot 's vote for the greatest video game character of all time , Starkiller ( as `` The Apprentice '' ) was eliminated in round 1 against Niko Bellic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53e8f2121502d380c2db1cdad52f5e58", "text": "Lieutenant Boomer Lieutenant Boomer , later known as Colonel Boomer , was a character on the 1978-1979 television series Battlestar Galactica and its spin-off series Galactica 1980 . He was portrayed on both series by Herbert Jefferson , Jr. . Boomer was a lieutenant in the Colonial Service , an officer with a background in engineering and communications . He was also an ace Colonial Viper pilot , and had pulled a tour of duty in the frozen environment of Ice Station Thule ; this made Boomer useful for similar missions in the series , such as in the episode Gun on Ice Planet Zero . In Robert Thurston 's novel version of Battlestar Galactica : The Saga Of A Star World , Thurston wrote that Boomer was a voracious reader who usually spent his off hours reading and called him cautious enough never to wager except on what was `` surer than a sure thing '' . In Saga of a Star World , he was one of the three recipients ( Apollo and Starbuck being the other two ) of the Golden Star Cluster , the highest military honor that could be awarded to Colonial Service warriors ( similar to the Medal of Honor for the real-world United States armed forces ) . During the events of Galactica 1980 , Boomer had reached the rank of colonel and was the executive officer of the Battlestar Galactica . Richard Hatch 's re-launch novel series sees him promoted to major and still serving as a Viper pilot .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88743044f2c7ea649dfbb3e8d7f1d54f", "text": "Visual weight The visual weight in an image is defined as the visual force that appears due to the contrast of light among the visual elements that compound it . The visual weight is a visual force which prevails in the image balance . According to Rudolph Arnheim the visual weight , together with the direction are the propierties which exercise more influence in the balance of an image . The visual weight and the balance of a figure inserted in an image can be determined using the lightness of the figure , the lightness of the ground and their sizes and positions interactions in the composition visual . We establish that an image is totally balanced when the resultant force is located in the geometric center of the image . When it is located in any of the external borders of the frame then we establish that the image is totally unbalanced . Therefore , the geometric center of an image sets the maximum balance pole and the borders of the frame set the maximum unbalance poles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b259887db7806f3f5e307e88e4cf3659", "text": "List of accolades received by Star Wars: The Force Awakens Star Wars : The Force Awakens is a 2015 epic space opera film directed , co-produced , and co-written by J. J. Abrams . The seventh installment in the main Star Wars film series , and first of three in Star Wars sequel trilogy , it stars Harrison Ford , Mark Hamill , Carrie Fisher , Adam Driver , Daisy Ridley , John Boyega , Oscar Isaac , Lupita Nyong ` o , Andy Serkis , Domhnall Gleeson , Anthony Daniels , and Max von Sydow . The Force Awakens is set 30 years after Return of the Jedi ; it follows Rey , Finn , and Poe Dameron 's search for Luke Skywalker and their fight alongside the Resistance , led by veterans of the Rebel Alliance , against Kylo Ren and the First Order , a successor group to the Galactic Empire . The Force Awakens was premiered by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures in Los Angeles on December 14 , and was released in United States and Canada on December 18 , 2015 . The Force Awakens opened across 14,300 theaters , breaking numerous box-office records and became the first film to earn more than $ 100 million worldwide in a single day . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 2 billion on a production budget of $ 306 million becoming the highest-grossing release of 2015 , and the fastest film to earn $ 1 billion worldwide , doing so in twelve-days . The Force Awakens became the third film in history to surpass $ 2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ( 2009 ) and Titanic ( 1997 ) ) , doing so on its 53rd day of release . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 360 reviews and judged 92 percent to be positive . The Force Awakens garnered many awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for Abrams ' direction , its action sequences , visual effects , editing and Ridley 's and Boyega 's performances . Several awards held their nominations before the December release of The Force Awakens , making the film ineligible for the 73rd Golden Globe Awards and some other awards ceremonies . However , the film was added to the 21st Critics ' Choice Awards 's slate of best picture nominees after a special vote by the board of directors , and the announcement of the 2015 American Film Institute Awards was delayed until after the release of film , where it was named one of Top Ten Films of the year . The Force Awakens received five nominations at the 88th Academy Awards as Best Original Score , Best Sound Editing , Best Sound Mixing , Best Film Editing and Best Visual Effects . The film garnered four nominations at 69th British Academy Film Awards , and won for Best Special Visual Effects and a special BAFTA Rising Star Award for John Boyega . At the 21st Empire Awards , the film received nine nominations and won five including Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy Film , and Best Director for J.J. Abrams . The Force Awakens became the most nominated film in Saturn Awards history with total of thirteen nominations at 42nd Saturn Awards and won eight including Best Science Fiction Film , Best Director and Best Special Effects . The film received seven nominations from the Visual Effects Society , winning four including Outstanding Visual Effects in an Effects Driven Feature Motion Picture . Star Wars : The Force Awakens received eleven nominations at MTV Movie Awards , the most for the ceremony and won three including Movie of the Year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3bf6c383c17d53ee7d944a7f44b4e466", "text": "Erik Verlinde Erik Peter Verlinde ( -LSB- ˈeːrɪk ˈpeːtər vərˈlɪndə -RSB- ; born 21 January 1962 ) is a Dutch theoretical physicist and string theorist . He is the identical twin brother of physicist Herman Verlinde . The Verlinde formula , which is important in conformal field theory and topological field theory , is named after him . His research deals with string theory , gravity , black holes and cosmology . Currently , he works at the Institute for Theoretical Physics at the University of Amsterdam . At a symposium at the Dutch Spinoza-institute on 8 December 2009 he introduced a theory of entropic gravity . In this theory , gravity exists because of a difference in concentration of information in the empty space between two masses and its surroundings ; he also extrapolates this to general relativity and quantum mechanics . He said in an interview with the newspaper de Volkskrant , `` On the smallest level Newton 's laws do n't apply , but they do for apples and planets . You can explain this to pressure of gas . Molecules themselves do n't have any pressure , but a barrel of gas has . '' It appears that Verlinde 's approach to explaining gravity leads naturally to the correct observed strength of dark energy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "736706b9b70769e015cecd61e8a7b180", "text": "Star Wars Episode I: Obi-Wan's Adventures Star Wars Episode I : Obi-Wan 's Adventures is a video game that chronicles the events of the film Star Wars : Episode I -- The Phantom Menace from the character Obi-Wan Kenobi 's perspective . It is the result of an agreement made in 2000 between the two video game publishers LucasArts and THQ . The agreement allows THQ to turn LucasArts licenses into games for the hand held console Game Boy Color , the first being Obi-Wan 's Adventures . THQ published the game and HotGen developed it . It was released on November 27 , 2000 . The story of Obi-Wan 's Adventures is set in the middle of a conflict in the Galactic Republic ; the antagonistic Trade Federation and the evil Sith Lord are planning to take control of the galaxy . In the game , the player operates the character Obi-Wan Kenobi as he fights the forces of the Trade Federation which culminates in a battle against Darth Maul . His weapons include a lightsaber , a blaster , and use of the Force . Since its release , Obi-Wan 's Adventures has received mixed reviews . The game has been criticized for its visuals and controls , but praised for its sound design and creative levels .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea1bb595e72a73bce3b7978b11a18efe", "text": "Thaumiel Thaumiel ( twins of God ) is the name of one of the Qliphoth in the Kabbalah , the shadow side of the Kabbalistic Tree of Life . It is the shadow of the Sephirah Keter ( the crown ) . While Keter is concerned with the unity of God , Thaumiel represents the dual contending forces , struggling , and it is represented by two giant heads with bat-like wings . The Qliphoth are not the opposite of the Sephirot , but the shadow . They are the chaotic forces that are unleashed when one of the Sephirot is not in balance with the others . Therefore , although Keter is concerned with unity , implicit in its existence is the concept of duality . It is the first emanation from the Ein Sof , the point of consciousness that crystallises out of the vast emptiness . Without the forces of the other sephiroth to balance it , specifically Malkuth below , it would exist as something apart from the Ein Sof , God in his totality . However , since all the paradoxical and contending forces unleashed through Keter find their eventual rest and resolution in Malkuth , balance and the unity of God are maintained . The ruler of Thaumiel is Satan . Satan in legend was the chief of the angels , holding a position similar to that of Kether . According to Islamic legend , after God created man , Satan and his angels refused to bow down before Adam . Ralph Austin describes that in the thought of the Islamic mystic , Ibn Arabi , the diabolical principle is that `` which resists the Self-Realizing urge to create the own-other object ( creation ) and insists in the sole right of pure spirit and transcendence , this being the reason for Satan 's refusal to obey God 's command to prostrate himself to Adam , from jealousy for the integrity of pure spirit . '' Seeing this in a kabbalistic way , this means the refusal of Kether , the pure spirit , to find completion and self-realisation through the act of emanation and creation , terminating in Malkuth . Satan therefore represents spiritual pride and arrogance . `` Second , it is also that principle which insists on the separate reality of cosmic life and substance and which denies all primacy to the Spirit . In other words , it is that principle which would seek to insist on the separate reality of either pole , at the expense of the other , and thus to impair the original wholeness of the divine experience as the Reality by trying to sever the all-important link between `` own '' and `` other '' and consign each to mutually exclusive isolation in absurdity '' . Which neatly fits with the kabbalistic description of Satan as the master of ` The Dual Contending Forces ' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "461c4e4d2fdf6cad9fb4c6daf2362274", "text": "Balance theory In the psychology of motivation , balance theory is a theory of attitude change , proposed by Fritz Heider . It conceptualizes the cognitive consistency motive as a drive toward psychological balance . The consistency motive is the urge to maintain one 's values and beliefs over time . Heider proposed that `` sentiment '' or liking relationships are balanced if the affect valence in a system multiplies out to a positive result . In social network analysis , balance theory is the extension proposed by Frank Harary and Dorwin Cartwright . It was the framework for the discussion at a Dartmouth College symposium in September 1975 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a65be53f7afea1db11725e246615a85", "text": "Star Wars: The Interactive Video Board Game Star Wars : The Interactive Video Board Game : Assault on the Death Star is a board game and accompanying VHS video tape , released by Parker Brothers in 1996 . It is notable for including newly shot scenes twenty years after the first Star Wars film , featuring Darth Vader walking down the halls of the original Death Star set , in a performance reprised by David Prowse , James Earl Jones , and director of photography Gilbert Taylor . The game led to the canonization of four new characters in the Star Wars universe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ab6dc1a2120b76e9aada80ff2f0501f", "text": "The Rise and Fall of Darth Vader The Rise and Fall of Darth Vader is a young adult novel set in the Star Wars universe . It tells the complete story of the title character from his introduction in Star Wars : Episode I -- The Phantom Menace to his death in Return of the Jedi , chronicling his early life as a slave on Tatooine to his transformation to the Sith Lord title character to his ultimate redemption . The hard cover book , which is 211 pages , was written by Ryder Windham and published in October 2007 . Anakin 's story begins when he is taken with his mother to be a slave to Gardulla the Hutt , rival of Jabba the Hutt , on Tatooine . The story continues from there through the rest of the Star Wars films . In 2008 , a sequel was published by Windham titled The Life and Legend of Obi-Wan Kenobi , which follows the complete story of Obi-Wan Kenobi in the complete saga . In 2009 , another sequel followed titled A New Hope : The Life of Luke Skywalker , telling the story of the Luke Skywalker throughout the Star Wars films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae880f779babc36e7dcc4490867782ce", "text": "Naboo Naboo is a planet in the fictional Star Wars universe with a mostly green terrain and which is the homeworld of two societies : the Gungans who dwell in underwater cities and the humans who live in colonies on the surface . Humans of Naboo have an electoral monarchy and maintain a peaceful culture that defends education , the arts , environmental protection and scientific achievements . The main capital of Naboo is Theed . Located in the Chommell sector , Naboo is the home planet of Padmé Amidala and Jar Jar Binks , as well as Senator ( later Supreme Chancellor and then Emperor ) Palpatine . In Star Wars : Episode I -- The Phantom Menace , it was the site of a blockade by the Trade Federation and the Battle of Naboo between the Federation and the native inhabitants . Naboo is seen in four films in the Star Wars series , having a prominent role in the first two prequels and glimpsed briefly in Revenge of the Sith and the 2004 DVD release of Return of the Jedi . Theed 's architecture , while referencing Ancient Rome and other classical traditions , was heavily inspired by the Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Marin County Civic Center in California . ( Skywalker Ranch and Industrial Light & Magic are both based in Marin County . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab670e91c3b0efaf61210f71f2ddb918", "text": "Indian Defence Review Indian Defence Review ( IDR ) , the brainchild of former captain of the Indian Army , was launched on January 1 , 1986 as a logical continuum to Lancer established in 1979 , the first Indian publishing house dedicated to put forward the military experience and point of view . Under the professional stewardship of its first two editors , Lt Gen Mathew Thomas ( 1986 ) and Maj Gen Afsir Karim ( 1993 ) , both distinguished paratroopers , IDR began public engagement and national debate on military and security issues , which received immediate attention of the defence establishment , policy makers and national leadership in India . Continuing in this strong tradition and creating a niche , IDR publisher and its third editor , Capt Bharat Verma ( 1998 ) , succeeded in placing the national security challenges `` front and centre '' of the public debate . The reigns of this reputed Journal have passed into the hands of Lt Gen JS Bajwa ( Retired ) consequent to the sad and untimely demise of Capt Bharat Verma in July 2014 . With the launch of web version of the Journal , www.indiandefencereview.com in 2006 , IDR became India 's preeminent public publication on foreign policy and national security issues . The result of the spade work done by these three military officers in the private sector , for the first time brought the concerns of national security issues through a private forum in independent India to the national centre-stage . IDR remains a highly reliable , unbiased and unique source for government and defence officials , strategic planners , analysts , journalists and the general public on contemporary geo-political and geo-strategic issues presented by cerebral professionals . In addition , IDR extensively covers foreign policy , aerospace trends , naval affairs , army force development , and internal security and the defence industry . The Journal is a trusted , independent and comprehensive source of critical information and insight that is necessary for public debate and civil discourse on matters related to India 's sovereignty , national integrity , security and defence . When important national security and defence issues arise , IDR is not only part of the conversation but also shapes the national debate . IDR brings together leading experts ( military , government and academia ) who provide the highest quality of well considered , timely and authoritative expert analysis of current national and international events , emerging trends relating to security and defence , historical analysis and strategic forecasting and offer realistic , practical and pragmatic solutions and policy options that help address security and defence challenges impacting India . IDR writers have made deep inroads into national security and defence debate once considered to be the preserve of the establishment in New Delhi , which in the past only relied and depended on analysis imported from foreign publications . IDR , the country 's premium and most prestigious journal , won accolades including `` India 's best known military publication '' and `` the most impressive , useful and independent publication '' and remains the `` most quoted '' . Considered a ` policy making journal , ' IDR is recommended reading by the Army , Navy , and the Air Force headquarters for officers . Today , IDR is acknowledged as one of the top journals in the defence sector , is available in `` print '' as well as `` on-line '' and interacts with the social media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cddc20dd18f3e8b71a33154c48dcda9d", "text": "Galactus Galactus is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Formerly a mortal man , Galactus is a cosmic entity who originally consumed planets to sustain his life force , and serves a functional role in the upkeep of the primary Marvel continuity . Galactus was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby and first appeared in the comic book Fantastic Four # 48 , published in March 1966 . Lee and Kirby had desired to introduce a character that broke away from the archetype of the standard villain , culminating in the creation of Galactus . In the character 's first appearance Galactus was depicted as a god-like figure who feeds by draining living planets of their energy , and operates without regard to the morality and judgements of mortal beings . Galactus ' initial origin was that of a space explorer named Galan who gained cosmic abilities by passing near a star , but writer Mark Gruenwald further developed the origin of the character , revealing that Galan lived during the previous universe . As Galan 's universe came to an end , Galan merged with the `` Sentience of the Universe '' to become Galactus , an entity that wielded such cosmic power as to require devouring entire planets to sustain his existence . Additional material written by John Byrne , Jim Starlin , and Louise Simonson explored Galactus ' role and purpose in the Marvel Universe , and examined the actions of the character through themes of genocide , manifest destiny , ethics , and natural/necessary existence . Frequently accompanied by a herald ( such as the Silver Surfer ) , the character has appeared as both antagonist and protagonist in central and supporting roles . Since debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books , Galactus has played a role in over five decades of Marvel continuity . The character has been featured in other Marvel media , such as arcade games , video games , animated television series , and the 2007 film Fantastic Four : Rise of the Silver Surfer . In 2009 , Galactus ranked 5th on IGN 's list of `` Top 100 Comic Book Villains '' , citing the character 's `` larger than life presence '' as making him one of the more important villains ever created . IGN also noted `` Galactus is one of the few villains on our list to really defy the definition of an evil-doer '' as the character is compelled to destroy worlds because of his hunger .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "6351990de185255155ed441c419fd653", "text": "Albert Einstein Albert Einstein ( -LSB- ˈaɪnstaɪn -RSB- -LSB- ˈalbɛɐ̯t ˈaɪnʃtaɪn -RSB- ; 14 March 1879 -- 18 April 1955 ) was a German-born theoretical physicist . He developed the theory of relativity , one of the two pillars of modern physics ( alongside quantum mechanics ) . Einstein 's work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science . Einstein is best known by the general public for his mass -- energy equivalence formula ( which has been dubbed `` the world 's most famous equation '' ) . He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics `` for his services to theoretical physics , and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect '' , a pivotal step in the evolution of quantum theory . Near the beginning of his career , Einstein thought that Newtonian mechanics was no longer enough to reconcile the laws of classical mechanics with the laws of the electromagnetic field . This led him to develop his special theory of relativity during his time at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern ( 1902 -- 1909 ) , Switzerland . He realized , however , that the principle of relativity could also be extended to gravitational fields , and with his subsequent theory of gravitation in 1916 , he published a paper on general relativity . He continued to deal with problems of statistical mechanics and quantum theory , which led to his explanations of particle theory and the motion of molecules . He also investigated the thermal properties of light which laid the foundation of the photon theory of light . In 1917 , Einstein applied the general theory of relativity to model the large-scale structure of the universe . Between 1895 and 1914 he lived in Switzerland ( except for one year in Prague , 1911 -- 12 ) , where he received his academic diploma from the Swiss Federal Polytechnic in Zürich ( later the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule , ETH ) in 1900 . He later taught there at the same institute as a professor of theoretical physics between 1912 and 1914 before he left for Berlin . In 1901 , after being stateless for more than five years , Einstein acquired Swiss citizenship , which he kept for the rest of his life . In 1905 , Einstein was awarded a PhD by the University of Zürich . The same year , his annus mirabilis ( miracle year ) , he published four groundbreaking papers , which were to bring him to the notice of the academic world , at the age of 26 . He was visiting the United States when Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933 and , being Jewish , did not go back to Germany , where he had been a professor at the Berlin Academy of Sciences . He settled in the United States , becoming an American citizen in 1940 . On the eve of World War II , he endorsed a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt alerting him to the potential development of `` extremely powerful bombs of a new type '' and recommending that the U.S. begin similar research . This eventually led to what would become the Manhattan Project . Einstein supported defending the Allied forces , but generally denounced the idea of using the newly discovered nuclear fission as a weapon . Later , with the British philosopher Bertrand Russell , Einstein signed the Russell -- Einstein Manifesto , which highlighted the danger of nuclear weapons . Einstein was affiliated with the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton , New Jersey , until his death in 1955 . Einstein published more than 300 scientific papers along with over 150 non-scientific works . Einstein 's intellectual achievements and originality have made the word `` Einstein '' synonymous with `` genius '' .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "24a3de281ff40650f9c52be42dccd9d1", "text": "Einstein notation In mathematics , especially in applications of linear algebra to physics , the Einstein notation or Einstein summation convention is a notational convention that implies summation over a set of indexed terms in a formula , thus achieving notational brevity . As part of mathematics it is a notational subset of Ricci calculus ; however , it is often used in applications in physics that do not distinguish between tangent and cotangent spaces . It was introduced to physics by Albert Einstein in 1916 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04ad8bea9e8c7abe40a6c422cc044c07", "text": "Urs Hölzle Urs Hölzle ( -LSB- ˈʊrs ˈhœltslɛ -RSB- ) is a Swiss software engineer and technology executive . He is the senior vice president of technical infrastructure and Google Fellow at Google . As Google 's eighth employee and its first VP of Engineering , he has shaped much of Google 's development processes and infrastructure .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ff772ce9bc872d34475ef0c2817f067f", "text": "Paolo Budinich Paolo Budinich ( 28 August 1916 -- 14 November 2013 ) was a theoretical physicist . Born from a sailors ' descent from Lussingrande , grew up and studied in Trieste , where the family resided , because the father Antonio Budini taught in the local High School , the same where Paolo Budinich got his grade in 1934 . He later started his study course at Università degli Studi di Pisa graduating at the Scuola Normale Superiore in 1938 . In the same year he started to teach physics on the Italian training ship Amerigo Vespucci , belonging to Italian Naval Academy of Leghorn . During Second World War he served as Leutnant on the Navy submarines and observator on the Navy planes ; in 1941 Budinich was caught prisoner by the Royal Navy and became a prisoner of war , thus being transferred to England and in the United States . Back to Physics , in 1952 he worked with Werner Heisenberg in Göttingen and in 1954 with Wolfgang Pauli in Zürich . He was one of the first promoters of Trieste as a science resort at international level . In 1964 he founded in Trieste , together with Abdus Salam , the International Centre for Theoretical Physics ( ICTP ) . In the same year he promoted the Advanced School of Physics , that in 1978 was upgraded to the School for Higher Studies SISSA , which was the first Italian higher education institution providing PhD ( besides Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa ) and became its first director . In his autobiography L'arcipelago delle meraviglie , published in 2000 , Budinich pleads for a reunification between science and philosophy and suggests a superior capability of mathematics to disclose unknown scientific discovery paths . His main work , The Spinorial Chessboard , written together with the polish mathematical physicist Andrzej Trautman , refers to Elie Cartan 's conceptual foundation of spinor geometry and explores its applications to modern physics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94f10adcdfca6778e03778f0e6cb9d9e", "text": "Arthur Fonjallaz Arthur Fonjallaz ( 2 January 1875 -- 24 January 1944 ) was a Swiss military figure , publisher and fascist . The son of a vineyard owner from Lausanne ( he was born in nearby Prilly ) he attended the Military Academy of Modena and pursued a successful career in the Swiss Army , achieving the highest peace time rank of brigadier general whilst commanding the 4th Infantry Brigade . Fonjallaz took an early interest in politics , although his ideas were ill-defined as he was both a radical and an admirer of Enrico Corradini , whilst also becoming involved in an agrarian progentior of the Swiss People 's Party . Leaving the party in 1932 , he took up a post as principal of military sciences and war history at the École Polytechnique Féderal in Zürich Colonel Fonjallaz was , however , relieved of his duties in 1933 after it came to light that he had been a member of the governing board of the fascistic Heimatwehr as well as the National Front , both of which were noted for their virulent anti-Semitism . The wealthy Fonjallaz then set up Helvetic Action Against Secret Societies which was particularly geared towards opposing Freemasonry . Taking advantage of the initiative process , Fonjallaz attempted to pass an amendment to the Swiss Federal Constitution banning the practice , but this was defeated in 1937 . In 1932 , he had also led a group of his supporters to Italy for a meeting with Benito Mussolini and became a strong supporter of Italian fascism as a result . He soon founded the Swiss Fascist Federation , which received 2 million lira a year from Mussolini . A devoted follower of Mussolini , he spoke of the power of the rhetoric of Il Duce in glowing terms . As Mussolini began to speak presenting the goals of fascism , we Swiss understood immediately the significance of this man and responded to the radiant power of his personality . We were all directly convinced that such a leader could do more for world peace than hundreds of politicians . A supporter of a possible Italian annexation of the country , Fonjallaz was expelled from the Heimatwehr for this position , but continued to be a devotee of Mussolini , publishing a biography of his hero , Enérgie et Volonté ( Drive and Will ) , in 1937 . Despite this , Italian funding ended in 1936 and Fonjallaz disappeared from public life . Colonel Fonjallaz returned to the public eye in January 1940 when border guards arrested him in Schaffhausen as he was attempting to enter Nazi Germany . In a subsequent trial , Fonjallaz was found guilty of being a spy for Adolf Hitler , spending over two years in prison as a result . Released in 1943 , he died the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "041c0aee5c7182fa2f940d51f817d8ad", "text": "Friedrich-Karl Thielemann Friedrich-Karl `` Friedel `` Thielemann ( born April 17 , 1951 in Mülheim an der Ruhr ) is a German-Swiss theoretical astrophysicist . Thielemann studied at the TH Darmstadt , where he in 1976 he acquired his Diplom . In 1980 he earned his PhD under Wolfgang Hillebrandt ( in Garching ) and E. R. Hilf in nuclear astrophysics . As a post-doc he was with David Schramm and William David Arnett at the University of Chicago , William A. Fowler at Caltech , Hans Klapdor at the Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik , am Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik in Garching ( with Hillebrandt ) and at the University of Illinois ( with J. W. Truran ) . Starting in 1986 he was Assistant Professor and from 1991 Associate Professor at the Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics and at the Harvard Observatory of Harvard University . In 1994 he became a professor at the University of Basel . In 1995 he was a guest professor at the University of Turin and from 1997 to 2001 a guest scientist at Oak Ridge National Laboratory . Besides theoretical and computer-simulated astrophysics and nuclear astrophysics ( including important nuclear reactions and properties of unstable stellar cores , equations of state of quark-matter and core matter of higher density ) , he worked on the modeling of astrophysical plasmas for important subatomic processes . He investigated , among other things , supernovae , X-ray bursts , gamma ray bursts , fusion of neutron stars , emergence of heavy elements , and evolution of chemical elements in galaxies . In 1979 he received the Otto Hahn Medal . Since 1998 he is a fellow of the American Physical Society . In 2008 he received the Hans Bethe Prize `` for his many outstanding theoretical contributions to the understanding of nucleosynthesis , stellar evolution and stellar explosions . '' Since 2004 he is a member of the Swiss Research Council .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "030df20e0efe61a0b1bb01bd5900461b", "text": "Leo Szilard Leo Szilard ( -LSB- ˈsɪlɑːrd -RSB- Szilárd Leó -LSB- ˈsila : rd ˈlɛo : -RSB- ; Leo Spitz until age 2 ; February 11 , 1898 -- May 30 , 1964 ) was a Hungarian-born physicist and inventor . He conceived the nuclear chain reaction in 1933 , patented the idea of a nuclear reactor with Enrico Fermi , and in late 1939 wrote the letter for Albert Einstein 's signature that resulted in the Manhattan Project that built the atomic bomb . Szilard initially attended Palatine Joseph Technical University in Budapest , but his engineering studies were interrupted by service in the Austro-Hungarian Army during World War I . He left Hungary for Germany in 1919 , enrolling at Technische Hochschule ( Institute of Technology ) in Berlin-Charlottenburg , but became bored with engineering and transferred to Friedrich Wilhelm University , where he studied physics . He wrote his doctoral thesis on Maxwell 's demon , a long-standing puzzle in the philosophy of thermal and statistical physics . Szilard was the first to recognize the connection between thermodynamics and Information theory . In addition to the nuclear reactor , Szilard submitted patent applications for a linear accelerator in 1928 , and a cyclotron in 1929 . He also conceived the idea of an electron microscope . Between 1926 and 1930 , he worked with Einstein on the development of the Einstein refrigerator . After Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany in 1933 , Szilard urged his family and friends to flee Europe while they still could . He moved to England , where he helped found the Academic Assistance Council , an organization dedicated to helping refugee scholars find new jobs . While in England he discovered a means of isotope separation known as the Szilard -- Chalmers effect . Foreseeing another war in Europe , Szilard moved to the United States in 1938 , where he worked with Enrico Fermi and Walter Zinn on means of creating a nuclear chain reaction . He was present when this was achieved on December 2 , 1942 . He worked for the Manhattan Project 's Metallurgical Laboratory on aspects of nuclear reactor design . He drafted the Szilard petition advocating a demonstration of the atomic bomb , but the Interim Committee chose to use them against cities without warning . After the war , Szilard switched to biology . He invented the chemostat , discovered feedback inhibition , and was involved in the first cloning of a human cell . He publicly sounded the alarm against the possible development of salted thermonuclear bombs , a new kind of nuclear weapon that might annihilate mankind . Diagnosed with bladder cancer in 1960 , he underwent treatment using a cobalt-60 treatment that he had designed . He helped found the Salk Institute for Biological Studies , where he became a resident fellow . Szilard founded Council for a Livable World in 1962 to deliver `` the sweet voice of reason '' about nuclear weapons to Congress , the White House , and the American public . He died in his sleep of a heart attack in 1964 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33e2f997f60647cbafd28d5e637dec65", "text": "Einstein refrigerator The Einstein -- Szilard or Einstein refrigerator is an absorption refrigerator which has no moving parts , operates at constant pressure , and requires only a heat source to operate . It was jointly invented in 1926 by Albert Einstein and his former student Leó Szilárd , who patented it in the U.S. on November 11 , 1930 . This is an alternative design from the original invention of 1922 by the Swedish inventors Baltzar von Platen and Carl Munters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b4066d240ac48061b173ffc157738ea", "text": "Kahler-Kreis Kahler-Kreis ( Kahler Circle ) refers to the circle , lasting from 1939 to the early 1970s , of intellectual friends of Erich Kahler and his second wife , Alice ( Lili or Lilly ) Loewy Kahler.This group , named the `` Kahler-Kreis '' by Charles Greenleaf Bell , had its physical center at the Kahlers ' house , One Evelyn Place in Princeton , New Jersey . Erich Kahler , a scholar , author , and lecturer , arrived in Princeton in 1939 as a financially destitute Jewish refugee from the Nazi regime . One Evelyn Place welcomed Jewish intellectual refugees from Europe and was filled with visitors , boarders , and cultural conversation . The Einstein family , the Thomas Mann family , and Hermann Broch were close friends of the Kahlers . The Kahler circle of friends also included Erwin Panofsky , Hetty Goldman , Ernst Kantorowicz , Kurt Gödel , and the painter Ben Shahn .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "10ff51b9f34eba4e8fbd06c8add796a3", "text": "Einstein on the Lake Einstein on the Lake is a novel by German physicist Ulrich Woelk .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87cd8dfb4bf31d7a8be5cdea80217f2b", "text": "Einstein's Blackboard Einstein 's Blackboard is a blackboard which physicist Albert Einstein ( 1879 -- 1955 ) used on 16 May 1931 during his lectures while visiting the University of Oxford in England . The blackboard is one of the most iconic objects in the collection of the Museum of the History of Science in Oxford .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "519a9aa291abaf83dbbc518c0bf742ca", "text": "Alfred Mirsky Alfred Ezra Mirsky ( October 17 , 1900 -- June 19 , 1974 ) was an American pioneer in molecular biology . Mirsky graduated from Harvard College in 1922 , after which he studied for two years at the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons until 1924 when he moved to the University of Cambridge on a US National Research Council fellowship for the academic year 1924 -- 1925 . He received his PhD from Cambridge in 1926 , with a dissertation under Lawrence J. Henderson on the Haemoglobin molecule , completing work begun under Joseph Barcroft . On May 25 , 1926 Mirsky married Reba Paeff , who went on to become a renowned children 's author ; they had a daughter , Reba Goodman and a son , Jonathan Mirsky . In 1927 Mirsky was appointed Lab Assistant to Alfred E. Cohn at the then Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research , beginning his association with Rockefeller University . During a sabbatical year at the California Institute of Technology , Mirsky published a paper with Linus Pauling on the general theory of protein structure , suggesting that the structure of proteins are coiled in a specific configuration that accounts for the function in the body , and that the protein is denatured when that configuration is lost by breaking the hydrogen bonds that stabilize the structure . One of Mirsky 's more notorious contributions while at the Rockefeller Institute was his attempt to discredit Oswald Avery . Avery had correctly shown that DNA was likely the agent of heredity . However , Mirsky went to great lengths to block Avery 's discovery because of doubts that DNA was the sole genetic material . It is said he even urged the Karolinska Institute in Sweden not to award Avery the Nobel Prize . Eventually Mirsky 's efforts were successful . Avery did not win the prize , despite as Erwin Chargaff claims , Avery 's work was worth two Nobel Prizes . Mirsky became an official Member of the Rockefeller Institute in 1948 , and in 1950 was internationally congratulated for the `` grand discovery '' of DNA constancy , which proved the concept of DNA as the hereditary material . He served as an editor of The Journal of General Physiology in 1951 -- 1961 . Mirsky was made Professor in 1954 when the Institute became Rockefeller University . He was also elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences in the same year . Mirsky was highly involved in university affairs , and in 1959 he initiated a series of lectures for high school students , now named the Alfred E. Mirsky Holiday Lecture on Science in his honour . In 1962 Mirsky chose a new lab assistant from a pool of candidates , in choosing a woman , Ellie Donoghue , he set a precedent by making her the first female lab assistant in the Institute 's history , the very same position which he first held upon his initial association with Rockefeller Institute . Mirsky proceeded to entrust Ms. Donoghue with assistance in his research and the running of his laboratory , setting an early precedent for the advancement of women in the labs at Rockefeller University . Following retirement from his laboratory in an official capacity in 1964 , he served as librarian of the Rockefeller University from 1965 until 1972 , all the while being allowed to maintain his laboratory at the university for his personal research . He continued to make groundbreaking contributions to the study of cell nuclei in rodents and bovines in direct parallels to the structure of cell nuclei in humans . After his wife , Reba Paeff Mirsky , died in 1966 he donated her valuable jewelry collection , save for a few pieces distributed to family and close friends , to the university 's collection . This collection of jewelry , acquired during their many trips around the world , is a part of the university 's holdings to this day . He went on to marry fellow Rockefeller employee Sonia Wohl in 1967 . Mirsky became professor emeritus in 1971 , after forty-four years at the Rockefeller Institute and University . Mirsky traveled widely and was quite knowledgeable in archaeology and art history ; his priceless collection of art and historical objects was willed to the Rockefeller University upon his death in 1974 and remains in their permanent collection .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aad58b6d950ff1144c3e0c2a78f48e53", "text": "Swiss Film Award The Swiss Film Award ( formerly Swiss Film Prize ) ( Prix du cinéma suisse , Schweizer Filmpreis , Premio del cinema svizzero , Premi dal film svizzer ) is the national film award of Switzerland , first given out in 1998 . 1998 to 2008 : the Prize was given in during the Solothurn Film Festival . 2009 : the nomination night happened in Solothurn during January . Each film nominated received a cash-prize . During the beginning of March , a `` glamour '' ceremony , the first one of its kind , was organised in Lucerne . The prize awarded is a Cristal-like statue , called `` The Quartz '' . 2009 was the last year where the Jury was composed of people from the Swiss state and the Federal Office of Culture . 2010 : Nomination in Solothurn again , during the Solothurn Film Festival during January . Ceremony in Lucerne in March . The prizes have been awarded for the first time by the Swiss Film Academy , created in 2008 . It was the first time that no state intervention occurred .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2536eacbd09c8cdeae16234479dcd82d", "text": "Russell–Einstein Manifesto The Russell -- Einstein Manifesto was issued in London on 9 July 1955 by Bertrand Russell in the midst of the Cold War . It highlighted the dangers posed by nuclear weapons and called for world leaders to seek peaceful resolutions to international conflict . The signatories included eleven pre-eminent intellectuals and scientists , including Albert Einstein , who signed it just days before his death on 18 April 1955 . A few days after the release , philanthropist Cyrus S. Eaton offered to sponsor a conference -- called for in the manifesto -- in Pugwash , Nova Scotia , Eaton 's birthplace . This conference was to be the first of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs , held in July 1957 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb56861d7cf18653e1a82aa0f69ff49c", "text": "Johann III Bernoulli Johann III Bernoulli ( also known as Jean ; 4 November 1744 , Basel -- 13 July 1807 , Berlin ) , grandson of Johann Bernoulli , and son of Johann II Bernoulli . He was known around the world as a child prodigy . He studied at Basel and at Neuchâtel , and when thirteen years of age took the degree of doctor in philosophy . When he was fourteen , he got the degree of master of jurisprudence . At nineteen he was appointed astronomer royal of Berlin . A year later , he reorganized the astronomical observatory at the Berlin Academy . Some years after , he visited Germany , France and England , and subsequently Italy , Russia and Poland . His travel accounts were of great cultural and historical importance ( 1772 -- 1776 ; 1777 -- 1779 ; 1781 ) . He wrote about Kashubians . On his return to Berlin he was appointed director of the mathematical department of the academy . His writings consist of travels and astronomical , geographical and mathematical works . In 1774 he published a French translation of Leonhard Euler 's Elements of Algebra . He contributed several papers to the Academy of Berlin , and in 1774 he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences . He was entrusted with the administration of Bernoulli family 's mathematical estate . The bulk of the correspondence was sold to the Swedish Academy where it was overlooked until rediscovered by Hugo Gyldén at the Stockholm Observatory in 1877 . He is one of the last notable members of the Bernoulli family .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f0f900cb851b5b02f072ef744da20d4c", "text": "Romansh people The Romansh people ( also spelled Romansch , Rumantsch , or Romanche ; Romansh : , rumàntsch , or ) are a people and ethnic group of Switzerland , native speakers of the Romansh language . They are usually multilingual , also speaking German ( both the standard variety and the local Swiss German ) and sometimes Italian , which are the other official languages of Graubünden , the canton where they are concentrated . They make up about 1 % of Switzerland 's population and 15 % of Graubünden 's . The Romansh people began advocating for an end to German dominion over them starting with World War I . In 1937 the Swiss government recognized the Romansh language for the first time as one of Switzerland 's four national languages , though only for use within the canton , not at the federal level . The Romansh people appeared to be mostly satisfied with this status until the 1980s when debate arose over Switzerland 's relationship with the greater European continent and the concept of the European Union began to form . The Romansh people advocated heavily for Switzerland 's membership in the Union , but the referendum to join it was narrowly defeated in 1992 by the German majority and Switzerland remained a nation apart with the Romansh people a nation apart within it though with ever-increasing sovereignty and recognition at the federal level to the point that Romansh is now considered one of the official federal languages of the Swiss Confederation . The Romansh national leadership in Switzerland expressly stated its interest in Switzerland joining the European Union in terms of a pro-European stance and not an anti-Swiss-Confederation one , openly recognizing that the Confederation , though dominated by the German Swiss and with large Swiss French and Swiss Italian contingents , had sheltered the tiny Romansh minority population for nearly 200 years , never engaging in programs to erase their identity or language nor forcing them to relocate to accommodate any other ethnic group as had been the norm with a variety of other ethnic minorities throughout Europe . Though there have been some stumbling blocks , the history of the relationship between the Romansh people and the other ethnic peoples of Switzerland appears to have been and continues to be an unusually polite and respectful one .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7af20949760be19c840881055dcfeae7", "text": "Swiss cheese (mathematics) In mathematics , a Swiss cheese is a compact subset of the complex plane obtained by removing from a closed disc some countable union of open discs . More generally , a Swiss cheese may be all or part of Euclidean space Rn -- or of an even more complicated manifold -- with `` holes '' in it .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bf366ffa5c2d853bf15259b9aa831336", "text": "Solvay Institute of Sociology The Solvay Institute of Sociology -LSB- SIS ; Institut de Sociologie Solvay -RSB- assumed its first `` definitive form '' ( Solvay 1902/1906 : 26 ) on November 16 , 1902 , when its founder Ernest Solvay , a wealthy Belgian chemist , industrialist , and philanthropist , inaugurated the original edifice of SIS in Parc Léopold ( BS 2006 ) . Under the guidance of its first director , Emile Waxweiler , SIS expressed a `` conception of a sociology open to all of the disciplines of the human sciences : ethnology , of course , but also economics -LSB- ... -RSB- and psycho-physiology , contact with which was facilitated by the proximity of the Institute of Physiology '' ( Vatin 1996 : 486 ) . While SIS is now part of the Université Libre de Bruxelles and known more simply as that university 's Institute of Sociology -LSB- Institut de Sociologie -RSB- , the approach instigated by Solvay and Waxweiler still serves as methodological framework : a synergy between basic and applied research involving interdisciplinary studies firmly anchored in social life ( IS 2007 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a99e47c9e5bc7ec296620cf970d65b97", "text": "Switzerland (disambiguation) Switzerland is a country in Europe . Switzerland may also refer to : Bohemian Switzerland , a region in the north-western Czech Republic Franconian Switzerland , an upland in Upper Franconia , northern Bavaria Holstein Switzerland , a hilly area in Schleswig-Holstein , Germany Norman Switzerland , a hilly area in Normandy , France Saxon Switzerland , a mountainous area and national park near Dresden in Saxony , Germany Switzerland , Florida , an unincorporated community in the United States Switzerland , South Carolina , in the United States Switzerland County , Indiana , a county in southeastern Indiana in the United States Switzerland Township , Monroe County , Ohio , a civil township in southeastern Ohio in the United States Switzerland ( album ) , a 2006 album by Electric Six Little Switzerland ( landscape ) , an aesthetic term for land Switzerland ( software ) , a packet monitor tool for ISP testing", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a1ecd869f7273bad4cc2c9985484327", "text": "List of Heidelberg University people Alumni and faculty of the university include many founders and pioneers of academic disciplines , and a large number of internationally acclaimed philosophers , poets , jurisprudents , theologians , natural and social scientists . 56 Nobel Laureates , at least 18 Leibniz Laureates , and two `` Oscar '' winners have been associated with Heidelberg University . Nine Nobel Laureates received the award during their tenure at Heidelberg . Besides several Federal Ministers of Germany and Prime Ministers of German States , five Chancellors of Germany have attended the university , the latest being Helmut Kohl , the `` Chancellor of the Reunification '' . Heads of State or Government of Belgium , Bulgaria , Greece , Nicaragua , Serbia , Thailand , a British Crown Prince , a Secretary General of NATO and a director of the International Peace Bureau have also been educated at Heidelberg ; among them Nobel Peace Laureates Charles Albert Gobat and Auguste Beernaert . Former university affiliates in the field of religion include Pope Pius II , Cardinals , Bishops , and with Philipp Melanchthon and Zacharias Ursinus two key leaders of Protestant Reformation . Outstanding university affiliates in the legal profession include a President of the International Court of Justice , two Presidents of the European Court of Human Rights , a President of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea , a Vice President of the International Criminal Court , an Advocate General at the European Court of Justice , at least 16 Justices of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany , a President of the Federal Court of Justice , a President of the Federal Court of Finance , a President of the Federal Labor Court , two Attorney Generals of Germany , and a British Law Lord . In business , Heidelberg alumni and faculty notably founded , co-founded or presided over ABB Group ; Astor corporate enterprises ; BASF ; BDA ; Daimler AG ; Deutsche Bank ; EADS ; Krupp AG ; Siemens AG ; and Thyssen AG . Alumni in the field of arts include classical composer Robert Schumann , philosophers Ludwig Feuerbach and Edmund Montgomery , poet Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff and writers Christian Friedrich Hebbel , Gottfried Keller , Irene Frisch , Heinrich Hoffmann , Sir Muhammad Iqbal , José Rizal , W. Somerset Maugham , Jean Paul , and Literature Nobel Laureate Carl Spitteler . Amongst Heidelberg alumni in other disciplines are the `` Father of Psychology '' Wilhelm Wundt , the `` Father of Physical Chemistry '' J. Willard Gibbs , the `` Father of American Anthropology '' Franz Boas , Dmitri Mendeleev , who created the periodic table of elements , inventor of the two-wheeler principle Karl Drais , Alfred Wegener , who discovered the continental drift , as well as political theorist Hannah Arendt , political scientist Carl Joachim Friedrich , and sociologists Karl Mannheim , Robert E. Park and Talcott Parsons . Philosophers Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel , Karl Jaspers , Hans-Georg Gadamer , and Jürgen Habermas served as university professors , as did also the pioneering scientists Hermann von Helmholtz , Robert Wilhelm Bunsen , Gustav Robert Kirchhoff , Emil Kraepelin , the founder of scientific psychiatry , and outstanding social scientists such as Max Weber , the founding father of modern sociology . Present faculty include Medicine Nobel Laureates Bert Sakmann ( 1991 ) and Harald zur Hausen ( 2008 ) , Chemistry Nobel Laureate Stefan Hell ( 2014 ) , 7 Leibniz Laureates , former Justice of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany Paul Kirchhof , and Rüdiger Wolfrum , the former President of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cbd7d3bbcb245f28a7d82f9b4a8c0de4", "text": "Heidelberg Appeal The Heidelberg Appeal , authored by Michel Salomon and signed by a large number of scientists , is a statement decrying `` an irrational ideology which is opposed to scientific and industrial progress , and impedes economic and social development . '' Issued to coincide with the opening of the United Nations-sponsored Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 , the Appeal stated that its signers : `` share the objectives of the ` Earth Summit ' '' but advised `` the authorities in charge of our planet 's destiny against decisions which are supported by pseudo-scientific arguments or false and non-relevant data . ... The greatest evils which stalk our Earth are ignorance and oppression , and not Science , Technology and Industry . '' It was carefully worded to be directed generally at underfunded and poorly conducted science , rather than specifically at climate change . This allowed it to be promoted and exploited by a number of different industries by using this in the context of their own pollution defenses . In fact , the Appeal was created and promoted by a group of industry associations with polluting problems ( including chemical , energy , and mining concerns ) : the tobacco industry was involved , but in this case it was not the primary driving force . At that time the tobacco industry was focussed on trying to change the scientific standards for Good Epidemiology Practice ( GEP ) A version of the Heidelberg Appeal was published in the June 1 , 1992 , Wall Street Journal over the signatures of 46 prominent scientists and other intellectuals . It has subsequently been endorsed by some 4,000 scientists , including 72 Nobel Prize winners . The Appeal was for an anthropocentric assessment of the world 's resources and a utilitarian as opposed to abolitionist approach to hazardous substances used or created by technology . It targeted as irrational , by implication , if not explicitly , both a vision of a `` Natural State '' with intrinsic rights to impede the activities of man , and hysterical fears of environmental poisons , disproportionate to the threat and dismissive of their associated benefits . The Heidelberg Appeal has been enthusiastically embraced by critics of the environmental movement such as S. Fred Singer of the Science and Environmental Policy Project . Conservative think tanks frequently cite the Heidelberg Appeal as proof that scientists reject the theory of global warming as well as a host of other environmental health risks associated with modern science and industry . Its name has subsequently been adopted by the Heidelberg Appeal Nederland Foundation , which was founded in 1993 and disputes health risks related to nitrates in foods and antibiotic-resistant bacteria . The Heidelberg Appeal was promoted in 1993 by the International Center for a Scientific Ecology , a group set up by Michael Salomon `` that was considered important in Philip Morris ' plans to create a group in Europe similar to The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition ( TASSC ) '' . Parts of the Heidelberg Appeal endorse environmental concerns , such as a sentence that states , `` We fully subscribe to the objectives of a scientific ecology for a universe whose resources must be taken stock of , monitored and preserved . '' Its 72 Nobel laureates include 49 who also signed the `` World Scientists ' Warning to Humanity '' , which was circulated that same year by the Union of Concerned Scientists ( UCS ) and attracted the majority of the world 's living Nobel laureates in science along with some 1,700 other leading scientists . In contrast with the vagueness of the Heidelberg Appeal , the `` World Scientists ' Warning '' is a very explicit environmental manifesto , stating that `` human beings and the natural world are on a collision course '' and citing ozone depletion , global climate change , air pollution , groundwater depletion , deforestation , overfishing , and species extinction among the trends that threaten to `` so alter the living world that it will be unable to sustain life in the manner that we know . '' Moreover the Heidelberg Appeal has been , if not specifically misrepresented , at least broadly interpreted out of context , for example , by The National Center for Public Policy which asserts `` The appeal warns industrialized nations that no compelling scientific consensus exists to justify mandatory greenhouse gas emissions cuts . '' Although the Heidelberg Appeal may be open to such an interpretation , it is not what the document said , as the text below shows . 1994 Jun 16 Matt Winokur then sends to a list of PM organisers a note saying : APCo ( the old spelling of APCO Worldwide ) is completing its evaluation of a Symposium for Europe in the fall . They have forwarded the draft Guiding Scientific Principles ( or GEP ) which would constitute the outcome of such a meeting . They are on the right track but the language is too vague . ( Tom ) Borelli and ( Richard ) Carchman will review and tighten . Obviously , any output from the symposium must be supportive of GEP . So the bottom line for both the GEP resolution and GEP Symposium must be in synch . Burson ( Marsteller ) has begun its feasibility review based on a more explicit understanding that GEP is what we are interested in promoting . I gather from Jim -LSB- Lindheim of B-M -RSB- that there may have been a misunderstanding as to whether or not Burson was to have proceeded with the review prior to the presentation of a `` joint '' proposal -LSB- APCO and B-M -RSB- . I was aware that Burson began and take responsibility for allowing them to proceed . If you do n't want to pay for it then I will . But the intelligence obtained from their interviews with potential coalition sponsors as well as information about analogous efforts by existing groups , e.g. , Heidelberg , will be critical to the development of a comprehensive Burson/APCo proposal . -LSB- Note : after a territory battle , Philip Morris had suggested that rivals APCO and B-M present this as a joint proposal -RSB- The Burson research is necessary now in order to tell us whether it is possible or efficient to try to develop an enduring -LSB- ` Sound Science ' -RSB- coalition following on from the symposium . Possible , in that there may prove to be an insufficient amount of interest in the corporate sector for such a movement . Efficient , in that there may already exist analogous groups which we could use without going to the effort of starting one from scratch . And we need to be careful not to step on unseen toes . For example , Bruce Ames is part of TASSC and Heidelberg . Do we need/want him on a third group in Europe ? Thus the benefit in having Burson complete the study now , is that what they learn will be factored into both the content of the symposium AND inform us as to what options are available after the symposium concludes . If we only want a one off event , that 's our decision . But I would think we 'd at least want a mechanism to be able to tap the participants to later on endorse the GEP resolution in the appropriate EU institutions . The Burson research will also turn up corporate interest in GEP in general which may help us identify allies regardless of whether we do either a symposium or create a coalition . The presentation therefore at the next TF mtg. will be a single proposal for PM prepared jointly by Burson and APCo . And I 've asked Margery -LSB- Krause of APCO -RSB- and Jim -LSB- Lindheim of B-M -RSB- to come themselves , as well as any other support staff they may wish to have accompany them .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "56a1663dc69781dffd6bb8009466db6a", "text": "Oliver Reed Robert Oliver Reed ( 13 February 1938 -- 2 May 1999 ) was an English actor known for his upper-class , macho image , hellraiser lifestyle , and `` tough guy '' roles . Notable films include The Trap ( 1966 ) , Oliver ! ( 1968 ) , Women in Love ( 1969 ) , Hannibal Brooks ( 1969 ) , The Devils ( 1971 ) , The Three Musketeers ( 1973 ) , Tommy ( 1975 ) , Lion of the Desert ( 1981 ) , Castaway ( 1986 ) , The Adventures of Baron Munchausen ( 1988 ) and Funny Bones ( 1995 ) . For Gladiator ( 2000 ) , his final film , Reed was posthumously nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role . At the peak of his career , in 1971 , British exhibitors voted Reed 5th most popular star at the box office .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "4c7f81daff2d93d875a0825ba76a7bb8", "text": "Alan Reed Alan Reed , also known professionally as Alan Reed , Sr. , ( August 20 , 1907 -- June 14 , 1977 ) was an American actor and voice artist , best known as the original voice of Fred Flintstone ( although Daws Butler voiced the character in the pilot ) , whom he was said to have physically resembled , on The Flintstones and various spinoff series . He also appeared in many films , including Days of Glory , The Tarnished Angels , Breakfast at Tiffany 's , Viva Zapata ! ( as Pancho Villa ) , and Nob Hill , and various television series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "626adc448b83c214cef87ea9e0b8b093", "text": "The Rise of the Johnsons The Rise of the Johnsons is a 1914 American silent comedy film featuring Oliver Hardy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd78da09abf31f565e26574f03aea421", "text": "Frozen Hearts Frozen Hearts is a 1923 American silent comedy film starring Stan Laurel . One of a number of films he made before teaming up with Oliver Hardy , here peasant Stan duels with the ruling elite in Tsarist Russia for the love of his girl . The film also featured Laurel 's common law wife Mae Laurel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5ceaf3ae58849cf2f5f5a52a820df9c", "text": "Mark Lester Mark Lester ( born Mark A. Letzer ; 11 July 1958 ) is an English former child actor known for playing the title role in the 1968 musical film version of Oliver ! and starring in a number of other British and European films of the 1960s and 1970s and in a number of television series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90f49db41d93404d56cbd216fdd26c13", "text": "Oliver Irving Oliver Irving is a British film director . He directed and wrote How To Be starring Robert Pattinson . Based in New York , he is currently in post-production on the feature comedy-thriller Ghost Team , which stars Jon Heder , David Krumholtz , Melonie Diaz , Paul W. Downs with Justin Long and Amy Sedaris and is set for release in fall 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4891dbe33bb66a58cdc006aa8fe6c939", "text": "Rex Reed Rex Taylor Reed ( born October 2 , 1938 ) is an American film critic and former co-host of the syndicated television show At the Movies . He currently writes the column `` On the Town with Rex Reed '' for The New York Observer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8b4f58ac5e527eba933069e120cc6ed", "text": "Fat and Fickle Fat and Fickle is a 1916 American comedy film directed by and starring Oliver Hardy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8fea465fcabb398c9acd0286f1eafcea", "text": "Luv (play) Luv is a play by Murray Schisgal . A mix of absurdist humor and traditional Broadway comedy in the Neil Simon vein , Luv concerns two college friends - misfit Harry and materialistic Milt - who are reunited when the latter stops the former from jumping off a bridge , the play 's setting . Each discovers the other is equally miserable as they share hard-luck stories . Milt sees in Harry an answer to his primary problem - his wife Ellen , who he tries to foist on his old pal so he can run off with his mistress . After twenty-eight previews , the Broadway production , directed by Mike Nichols , opened on November 11 , 1964 at the Booth Theatre . It transferred to the Broadhurst and then the now-demolished Helen Hayes before completing its run of 901 performances . It won the Tony Award for Best Director , Best Producer ( Claire Nichtern ) and Best Scenic Design ( Oliver Smith ) . Alan Arkin , Eli Wallach , and Anne Jackson comprised the original cast . Barbara Bel Geddes , Larry Blyden , Gene Wilder , and Gabriel Dell were among the replacement performers later in the run . The 1967 film version , directed by Clive Donner and starring Jack Lemmon , Peter Falk , and Elaine May , added various locations and extraneous characters . Reviews criticized Donner 's heavy-handed approach to the material and the miscasting of the three leads , and it proved to be a commercial failure . Harrison Ford has an uncredited role as a hippie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a435e9300baafc7623581562f4026c41", "text": "Jack Reed: Badge of Honor Jack Reed : Badge of Honor is a 1993 crime drama made-for-television film written by Andrew Laskos , directed by Kevin Connor starring Brian Dennehy , Susan Ruttan , and Alice Krige . It was the sequel to the 1992 made-for-TV crime drama Deadly Matrimony , continuing the fictional Jack Reed character in a television film series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ed90829e3184cc196755ba12f1f4042", "text": "Oliver Twist (1912 film) Oliver Twist is a 1912 British silent drama film directed by Thomas Bentley and starring Ivy Millais , Alma Taylor and Harry Royston . It is an adaptation of the 1838 novel Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens . It was the directorial debut of Bentley who went on to become a leading British director . It was the first in a series of Dickens adaptations by Bentley .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7fff74269d06eae8ca9f4bdcb9d0f06b", "text": "Stan Laurel Stan Laurel ( born Arthur Stanley Jefferson ; 16 June 1890 -- 23 February 1965 ) was an English comic actor , writer and film director , most famous for his role in the comedy duo Laurel and Hardy . He appeared with his comedy partner Oliver Hardy in 107 short films , feature films , and cameo roles . Laurel began his career in music hall , where he appropriated a number of his standard comic devices : the bowler hat , the deep comic gravity and the nonsensical understatement . His performances polished his skills at pantomime and music hall sketches . Laurel was a member of `` Fred Karno 's Army , '' where he was Charlie Chaplin 's understudy . With Chaplin , the two arrived in the United States on the same ship from the United Kingdom with the Karno troupe . Laurel began his film career in 1917 and made his final appearance in 1951 . From 1928 onwards , he appeared exclusively with Oliver Hardy . Laurel officially retired from the screen following his comedy partner 's death in 1957 . In 1961 , Laurel was given a Lifetime Achievement Academy Award for his pioneering work in comedy . He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 7021 Hollywood Blvd. . Laurel and Hardy ranked top among best double acts and seventh overall in a 2005 UK poll to find the Comedians ' Comedian . In 2009 , a bronze statue of the duo was unveiled in Laurel 's home town of Ulverston .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ecfe8538a6632ccc411b442f170f3fb2", "text": "Nick Benedict Nick Benedict ( born July 14 , 1947 in Los Angeles ) is an American actor . He played the role of Curtis Reed in Days of Our Lives between 1993 and 2001 . He is the older half-brother of Samuel Benedict and the son of actor Richard Benedict . He made his debut in 1955 in the series Wiretapper as a child . His first performance as an adult was in Mike and the Mermaid at the age of 17 . In 1969 he appeared in the Mission Impossible TV series episode , The Vault . He appeared on The Dukes Of Hazzard , as Frank James , in the seventh season episode Go West , Young Dukes . In 1990 he starred alongside Nancy Allen in the TV film Memories of a Murder . In the 1990s he mainly appeared in films aside from his ongoing role in Days of our Lives . His last screen appearance was minor role in George Santo Pietro 's Kept in 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ced134ae2a66d503f9cf8cf8ec29170d", "text": "Not Much Force Not Much Force is a 1915 American silent comedy film featuring Oliver Hardy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d61f15e3e3048d0ad9a5a5e9ce3d689f", "text": "Oliver Wells Oliver Wells may refer to : Oliver Wells ( Bones ) , a character on the TV series Bones Oliver Elwin Wells ( 1853 -- 1922 ) , American educator", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f324305448f33d616b9b7105ac8b92db", "text": "Reed Between the Lines Reed Between the Lines is an American television family sitcom that premiered on October 11 , 2011 , on BET . The series was renewed for a second season on April 12 , 2011 . It was later announced in August 2012 that Tracee Ellis Ross would not return for the second season and three new cast members ( Charlie Robinson , Michole White , and Tony Rock ) would be joining the cast . On September 12 , 2013 , it was revealed that Reed Between the Lines had been canceled and that Young Man on Campus would not be green-lit to series . Malcolm Jamal-Warner confirmed in December 2013 that the second season will not air despite the network completing production on an entire second season in late 2012 . Centric has picked up the series for a second season which premiered on September 18 , 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "918b21a9b2bd6860ff1b55f69c101406", "text": "The Other Girl The Other Girl is a 1917 American comedy film directed by and starring Oliver Hardy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1da189226c838b1340f1dfe9e3b07250", "text": "Robert Hardy Timothy Sydney Robert Hardy , CBE , FSA ( born 29 October 1925 ) is an English actor with a long career in the theatre , film and television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c65d10c50f0d291933aacb9c49d920d", "text": "Jimmy Hawkins James F. Hawkins ( born November 13 , 1941 ) , known as Jimmy Hawkins , and later , Jim Hawkins , is an American actor and film producer whose career began as a child actor to such Hollywood stars as Lana Turner , Spencer Tracy , James Stewart , and Donna Reed . His acting career spans the time frame from 1944 -- 1974 , after which he devoted his energies to the production of films and later to his construction/contracting business . Hawkins had starring roles in several television series : The Ruggles ( 1949 -- 1952 ) , Annie Oakley ( 1954 -- 1957 , syndicated ) , The Donna Reed Show ( 1958 -- 1966 , ABC ) , and Petticoat Junction ( the first four seasons , 1963 -- 1967 , CBS ) . He also had recurring roles as ( 1 ) a friend of the Nelson brothers on ABC 's The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet and ( 2 ) as Jonathan Baylor on CBS 's Ichabod and Me sitcom with Robert Sterling and George Chandler in the 1961 -- 1962 season . He guest starred in many other programs during his childhood and young adult years , such as the CBS sitcom , Dennis the Menace . Hawkins was born in Los Angeles to Thomas J. Hawkins ( 1913 -- 1993 ) and Bette C. Hawkins ( born c. 1916 ) . His first roles -- as a two-year-old -- were uncredited -- Spencer Tracy 's The Seventh Cross and Lana Turner 's Marriage Is a Private Affair at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios . His mother was the force behind his early childhood acting . He graduated from the Roman Catholic-affiliated Notre Dame High School in Sherman Oaks , Los Angeles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c13195d0f47d5d5740169f32f0768f7c", "text": "Oliver Twist (1985 TV serial) Oliver Twist is a 1985 BBC TV serial . It was directed by Gareth Davies , and adapted by Alexander Baron from the novel by Charles Dickens . It follows the book more closely than any of the other film adaptions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "383aebd9a18415e19d28c3f67f38511e", "text": "Twin Flats Twin Flats is a 1916 American silent comedy film featuring Oliver Hardy .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "fa75c191fa0b6d8ca33085f9f78f855f", "text": "Wilt Chamberlain Wilton Norman Chamberlain ( August 21 , 1936 -- October 12 , 1999 ) was an American basketball player . He played for the Philadelphia/San Francisco Warriors , the Philadelphia 76ers , and the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) ; he played for the University of Kansas and also for the Harlem Globetrotters before playing in the NBA . The 7 foot 1 inch Chamberlain weighed 250 pounds as a rookie before bulking up to 275 and eventually to over 300 pounds with the Lakers . He played the center position and is widely considered one of the greatest and most dominant players in NBA history . Chamberlain holds numerous NBA records in scoring , rebounding , and durability categories . He is the only player to score 100 points in a single NBA game or average more than 40 and 50 points in a season . He also won seven scoring , eleven rebounding , nine field goal percentage titles and led the league in assists once . Chamberlain is the only player in NBA history to average at least 30 points and 20 rebounds per game in a season , a feat he accomplished seven times . He is also the only player to average at least 30 points and 20 rebounds per game over the entire course of his NBA career . Although he suffered a long string of professional losses , Chamberlain had a successful career , winning two NBA championships , earning four regular-season Most Valuable Player awards , the Rookie of the Year award , one NBA Finals MVP award , and being selected to 13 All-Star Games and ten All-NBA First and Second teams . Chamberlain was subsequently enshrined in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1978 , elected into the NBA 's 35th Anniversary Team of 1980 , and chosen as one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History of 1996 . Chamberlain was known by various nicknames during his basketball playing career . He hated the ones that called attention to his height such as `` Goliath '' and `` Wilt the Stilt '' , which was coined during his high school days by a Philadelphia sportswriter . He preferred `` The Big Dipper '' , which was inspired by his friends who saw him dip his head as he walked through doorways . After his basketball career ended , Chamberlain played volleyball in the short-lived International Volleyball Association , was president of this organization , and is enshrined in the IVA Hall of Fame for his contributions . Chamberlain was also a successful businessman , authored several books , and appeared in the movie Conan the Destroyer . He was a lifelong bachelor , and became notorious for his claim to have had sexual intercourse with as many as 20,000 women .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c40d9f1964f8cc23758f1e3e816032fb", "text": "Rebound (basketball) In basketball , a rebound , colloquially referred to as a board , is a statistic awarded to a player who retrieves the ball after a missed field goal or free throw . Rebounds are also given to a player who tips in a missed shot on his team 's offensive end . Rebounds in basketball are a routine part in the game , as all possessions change after a shot is successfully made , or the rebound allows the defensive team to take possession . A rebound can be grabbed by either an offensive player or a defensive player .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d10dd637389808fdb5770cee0294608", "text": "Point (basketball) Points in basketball are used to keep track of the score in a game . Points can be accumulated by making field goals ( two or three points ) or free throws ( one point ) . If a player makes a field goal from within the three-point line , the player scores two points . If the player makes a field goal from beyond the three-point line , the player scores three points . The team that has recorded the most points at the end of a game is declared that game 's winner .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "736c936269a65d62ebb45d1bfc32e4d1", "text": "Wilt Chamberlain's 100-point game Wilt Chamberlain set the single-game scoring record in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) by scoring 100 points for the Philadelphia Warriors in a 169 -- 147 win over the New York Knicks on March 2 , 1962 , at Hershey Sports Arena in Hershey , Pennsylvania . It is widely considered one of the greatest records in basketball . Chamberlain set five other league records that game including most free throws made , a notable achievement , as he was regarded as a poor free throw shooter . The teams broke the record for most combined points in a game ( 316 ) . That season , Chamberlain averaged a record 50.4 points per game , and he had broken the NBA single-game scoring record ( 71 ) earlier in the season in December with 78 points . The third-year center had already set season scoring records in his first two seasons . In the fourth quarter , the Knicks began fouling other players to keep the ball away from Chamberlain , and they also became deliberate on offense to reduce the number of possessions for Philadelphia . The Warriors countered by committing fouls of their own to get the ball back . The game was not televised , and no video footage of the game has been recovered ; there are only audio recordings of the game 's fourth quarter . The NBA was not yet a major sports league and struggled to compete against college basketball . The attendance at this game was around half of capacity , and no members of the New York press were at the game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eefe587f4a33b8e7ca3c31a67c36ef64", "text": "Golden State Warriors The Golden State Warriors are an American professional basketball team based in Oakland , California . The Warriors compete in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) as a member of the league 's Western Conference Pacific Division . The team was established in 1946 as the Philadelphia Warriors based in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , a founding member of the Basketball Association of America ( BAA ) . In 1962 , the franchise relocated to the San Francisco Bay Area and was renamed the San Francisco Warriors . In 1971 , the team changed its geographic moniker to Golden State , California 's state nickname . Since 1971 , the team 's home court has been the Oracle Arena in Oakland . The team is nicknamed the `` Dubs . '' The Warriors have reached nine NBA Finals , winning four NBA championships in 1947 , 1956 , 1975 and most recently in 2015 when they defeated the Cleveland Cavaliers . Golden State 's four NBA championships are the fifth most in history behind only the Boston Celtics ( 17 ) , Los Angeles Lakers ( 16 ) , Chicago Bulls ( 6 ) and San Antonio Spurs ( 5 ) . Wilt Chamberlain and Stephen Curry have both been named the NBA 's Most Valuable Player while playing for the Warriors , for a total of three MVP awards . Golden State holds the NBA record for best regular season with 73 -- 9 and most combined wins in a season ( regular season and postseason ) with 88 wins .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26fc845e094c74ea7380a3a231ce5b19", "text": "Center (basketball) The center ( C ) , also known as the five or the big man , is one of the five positions in a regular basketball game . The center is normally the tallest player on the team , and often has a great deal of strength and body mass as well . The tallest player to ever be drafted in the NBA was the 7 ' 8 '' ( 2.33 m ) Yasutaka Okayama from Japan . The tallest players to ever play in the NBA , at 7 ' 7 '' ( 2.31 m ) , are centers Gheorghe Mureșan and Manute Bol . Standing at 7 ' 2 '' ( 2.18 m ) , Margo Dydek is the tallest player to have ever played in the WNBA .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "32d6b488729701e7b53fc68263816a03", "text": "Three-peat Three-peat is a term used primarily in American sports to refer to winning three consecutive championships . The term , a portmanteau of the words three and repeat , originated with the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association , during their unsuccessful campaign for a third consecutive championship during the 1988 -- 89 season , having won the previous 2 NBA Finals in 1987 and 1988 against the Boston Celtics and Detroit Pistons , but were swept by the Pistons in the 1989 NBA Finals . The term is a registered trademark owned by Hardo Beers , the Lakers ' Hardo strength coach from 1981 -- 1990 , although it was coined by L.A. player Byron Scott immediately after their victorious championship defense against the Detroit Pistons in the 1988 NBA Finals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf455ee88ed3481172d8058df8aeea1f", "text": "Southwest Division (NBA) The Southwest Division is one of the three divisions in the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . The division is located in the South Central United States and consists of five teams , the Dallas Mavericks , the Houston Rockets , the Memphis Grizzlies , the New Orleans Pelicans and the San Antonio Spurs . Three of the teams , the Mavericks , Rockets , and Spurs , are based in Texas . The division was created at the start of the 2004 -- 05 season , when the league expanded from 29 to 30 teams with the addition of the Charlotte Bobcats . The league realigned itself into three divisions in each conference . The Southwest Division began with five inaugural members , the Mavericks , the Rockets , the Grizzlies , the Hornets ( now Pelicans ) and the Spurs . The Mavericks , the Rockets , the Grizzlies and the Spurs joined from the now-defunct Midwest Division , while the Pelicans joined from the Central Division . The Spurs have won the most Southwest Division titles with eight . The Mavericks have won two titles and the Pelicans and Rockets have won one title each . The Grizzlies have never won the Southwest Division title . Four NBA champions came from the Southwest Division . The Spurs won the NBA championship in 2005 , 2007 and 2014 , while the Mavericks won in 2011 . In the 2007 -- 08 season , all four teams that qualified for the playoffs each had more than 50 wins . In the 2010 -- 11 season and the 2014 -- 15 season , all teams in the division had winning percentages above 0.500 ( 50 % ) . In the 2014 -- 15 season , the Southwest Division saw every one of its teams making the playoffs , a feat achieved only twice in the last 30 years . The most recent division champion is the San Antonio Spurs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0bf09ced7d6eddca82fc7763707adb0d", "text": "1976 ABA Dispersal Draft On August 5 , 1976 , as a result of the ABA -- NBA merger , the NBA hosted a dispersal draft to select players from the Kentucky Colonels and Spirits of St. Louis , the two American Basketball Association ( ABA ) franchises that were not included in the ABA -- NBA merger . The eighteen NBA teams and the four ABA teams that joined the NBA , the Denver Nuggets , Indiana Pacers , New York Nets and San Antonio Spurs , were allowed to participate in the draft . The teams selected in reverse order of their win -- loss percentage in the previous NBA and ABA seasons . The team that made a selection paid for the signing rights to the player , which were set by the league 's committee . The money from the draft was used to help the four ABA teams that merged with the NBA to pay off some of their obligations to the two folded ABA franchises , the Colonels and Spirits . The team that made a selection was obligated to assume the player 's ABA contract . The players who were not selected would become free agents . Twenty players from the Colonels and the Spirits were available for the draft . Eleven were selected in the first round and the twelfth player was selected in the second round . Eight players were not selected and thus became a free agent . The Chicago Bulls used the first pick to select five-time ABA All-Star Artis Gilmore with a signing price of $ 1,100,000 . The Portland Trail Blazers , who acquired the Atlanta Hawks ' second pick , selected Maurice Lucas and Moses Malone with signing price of $ 300,000 and $ 350,000 respectively . Marvin Barnes , who was selected fourth by the Detroit Pistons was the second most expensive player in the draft with a signing price of $ 500,000 . Several teams elected to pass their first-round picks and only the Kansas City Kings used the second-round pick . The draft continued until the third round , but no other players were selected .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b23ff998cec5ef87e2d8370f77ebe93b", "text": "1995 NBA Expansion Draft The 1995 NBA Expansion Draft was the tenth expansion draft of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . The draft was held on June 24 , 1995 , so that the newly founded Toronto Raptors and Vancouver Grizzlies could acquire players for the upcoming . Toronto was awarded an expansion team on September 30 , 1993 , while Vancouver was awarded the league 's 29th franchise on April 27 , 1994 . They were the first NBA teams based in Canada since the Toronto Huskies . In an NBA expansion draft , new NBA teams are allowed to acquire players from the previously established teams in the league . Not all players on a given team are available during an expansion draft , since each team can protect a certain number of players from being selected . In this draft , each of the twenty-seven other NBA teams had protected eight players from their roster , and the Raptors and the Grizzlies selected fourteen and thirteen unprotected players respectively , one from each team . Prior to the draft , the league conducted a coin flip between the Raptors and the Grizzlies to decide their draft order in this expansion draft and in the 1995 NBA draft . The Grizzlies won the coin flip and chose to have the higher pick in the 1995 Draft , allowing the Raptors to receive the first selection and the right to select fourteen players in the expansion draft . The Raptors were formed and owned by a group headed by Toronto businessman John Bitove . Brendan Malone was hired as the franchise 's first head coach . The Raptors used their first pick to select three-time NBA champion B. J. Armstrong from the Chicago Bulls . However , Armstrong refused to report for training and was traded to the Golden State Warriors for five other players . The Raptors ' other selections included four-time NBA champion John Salley and six other former first-round picks , Doug Smith , Willie Anderson , Ed Pinckney , Acie Earl , B. J. Tyler and Oliver Miller . Seven players from the expansion draft joined the Raptors for their inaugural season , but only Miller , Earl and Žan Tabak played more than one season for the team . Tabak and Andrés Guibert were the only international players in the draft . The Grizzlies were formed and owned by Vancouver sports magnate Arthur Griffiths . Former Atlanta Hawks assistant coach Brian Winters was hired as the franchise 's first head coach . The Grizzlies used their first pick to select former first-round pick Greg Anthony from the New York Knicks . The Grizzlies ' other selections included three-time NBA champion Byron Scott and three other former first-round picks , Benoit Benjamin , Doug Edwards and Blue Edwards . On draft day , the Grizzlies acquired a second-round draft pick from the Orlando Magic in exchange for selecting Rodney Dent , who had never played in the NBA . Eight players from the expansion draft joined the Grizzlies for their inaugural season , but only Anthony and Blue Edwards played more than one season for the team .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1729130faed43dec6a4e8f1c8b31f17a", "text": "Jack Chamberlain (sportsman) John `` Jack '' Aloysius Chamberlain ( 29 August 1884 -- 1 April 1941 ) was an Australian sportsman who played Australian rules football , cricket and rugby union at a high level . After spending some time in Tasmania , Chamberlain moved to Sydney at the age of 17 and played Australian rules football for Paddington . During this time , he twice represented New South Wales at interstate football . He took up soccer when he moved to Perth two years later but gave it away in 1906 to play for the Perth Football Club in the West Australian Football Association . Chamberlain also played cricket in the summer and played one first-class match for Western Australia against New South Wales in March 1907 . In 1908 he signed with the Norwood Football Club in the South Australian Football League . Playing as a forward , Chamberlain kicked 30 goals to top his club 's goalkicking and fall just three short of league leader J. Mathieson from Port Adelaide . He participated in the 1908 Challenge Final , which Norwood lost narrowly , and represented South Australia in that year 's Melbourne Carnival . Chamberlain played for Norwood initially in 1909 but during the year was relocated to Singapore , through his work with the Eastern Extension Telegraph Company . While in Singapore he played rugby union and represented the Crown colony in fixtures again the Malay State . He also played for the Straits Settlements cricket team , appearing in four matches against the Federated Malay States between 1910 and 1913 . In 1914 , while on leave , Chamberplain played again with Norwood . Two brothers , Cornelius and Leonard , were also gifted sportsmen . They played league football with Norwood and first-class cricket for South Australia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee92f56ea9ba2b65e427337de74057ed", "text": "NBA Most Valuable Player Award The National Basketball Association Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) is an annual National Basketball Association ( NBA ) award given since the 1955 -- 56 season to the best performing player of the regular season . The winner receives the Maurice Podoloff Trophy , which is named in honor of the first commissioner ( then president ) of the NBA , who served from 1946 until 1963 . Until the , the MVP was selected by a vote of NBA players . Since the , the award is decided by a panel of sportswriters and broadcasters throughout the United States and Canada , each of whom casts a vote for first to fifth place selections . Each first-place vote is worth 10 points ; each second-place vote is worth seven ; each third-place vote is worth five , fourth-place is worth three and fifth-place is worth one . Starting from 2010 , one ballot was cast by fans through online voting . The player with the highest point total wins the award . , the current holder of the award is Stephen Curry , who won both the 2015 and 2016 MVP Awards . Every player who has won this award and has been eligible for the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame has been inducted . Kareem Abdul-Jabbar won the award a record six times . Both Bill Russell and Michael Jordan won the award five times , while Wilt Chamberlain and LeBron James won the award four times . Russell and James are the only players to have won the award four times in five seasons . Moses Malone , Larry Bird and Magic Johnson each won the award three times , while Bob Pettit , Karl Malone , Tim Duncan , Steve Nash and Stephen Curry have each won it twice . Only two rookies have won the award : Wilt Chamberlain in the and Wes Unseld in the 1968 -- 69 season . Hakeem Olajuwon of Nigeria , Tim Duncan of the U.S. Virgin Islands , Steve Nash of Canada and Dirk Nowitzki of Germany are the only MVP winners considered `` international players '' by the NBA . Stephen Curry in 2015 -- 16 is the only player to have won the award unanimously . Shaquille O'Neal in 1999 -- 2000 and LeBron James in 2012 -- 13 are the only two players to have fallen one vote shy of a unanimous selection , both receiving 120 of 121 votes . Since the , every winner was from a team that won at least 50 games in the regular season that year.Except for seasons affected by lockouts , when the schedule was shortened from the norm of 82 games . Karl Malone won in 1998 -- 99 when Utah was 37 -- 13 in 50 games , which projected to 60 wins in 82 games . James won in 2011 -- 12 when the Miami Heat were 46 -- 20 in 66 games , which projected to 57 wins .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d945f989791166c585d7edc5fc263a9a", "text": "2004 NBA Finals The 2004 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 2003 -- 04 National Basketball Association season . The Finals were between the Los Angeles Lakers of the Western Conference and the Detroit Pistons of the Eastern Conference ; the Lakers held home court advantage . The series was played under a best-of-seven format , so the first team to collect four game victories would win the series . Although the Lakers were the heavy favorite , the Pistons won the series four games to one to win their first title since 1990 and their fifth overall ( three NBA Championships , two NBL Championships ) . Pistons point guard Chauncey Billups was named as the NBA Finals MVP . The series was noted for the perceived underdog , the Pistons , dominating a Lakers team that had four future Hall of Famers . Pistons owner William Davidson became the first owner in sports history to win two championships in one year . Eight days earlier , the other team that Davidson owned , the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League had won the Stanley Cup in seven games over the Calgary Flames .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd657177fa9aa864145c882f5141a85e", "text": "List of National Basketball Association player-coaches A player-coach is a member of team who simultaneously holds both playing and coaching duties . The term can be used to refer to both players who serve as head coaches or as assistant coaches . In the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , there have been 40 players who also served as their teams ' head coaches at the same time . The NBA was founded in 1946 as the Basketball Association of America ( BAA ) . The league adopted its current name at the start of the when it merged with the National Basketball League ( NBL ) . After the salary cap was instituted in , the NBA has prohibited teams from employing a player-coach . The ruling was established to avoid the possibility that a team would circumvent the cap by signing a player as a player-coach , as coaches ' salaries are not counted under the cap . Ed Sadowski was the first player-coach in the league . In the BAA 's inaugural season , he played for the Toronto Huskies and also served as the team 's first head coach . Buddy Jeannette was the first player-coach to win the championship ; he won the 1948 BAA Finals with the Baltimore Bullets . Bill Russell is the only other player-coach who has won the championship , as well as the only player-coach to win multiple championships . In , he took over the Boston Celtics ' head coaching duties from Red Auerbach , becoming the first African American head coach in the league . He served as the Celtics ' player-coach for three seasons , winning two consecutive NBA championships in 1968 and 1969 . Dave DeBusschere became the youngest head coach in the league 's history when he was appointed as the Detroit Pistons ' player-coach at the age of 24 in . He held the position for three seasons before returning to a full-time player in . Dave Cowens is the last player-coach in the league . He coached the Celtics in the before relinquishing his coaching duty to focus on his playing career . Richie Guerin had coached 372 games as a player-coach , the most among the other player-coaches . He was the player-coach of the St. Louis / Atlanta Hawks for five seasons , from to and from to . Before the , he retired from playing to become a full-time head coach . However , he came back from retirement to play in the following two seasons while still serving as the Hawks ' head coach . Lenny Wilkens , who is in second place for highest number of games as a player-coach , was the only player-coach who has been employed by more than one team . He spent three seasons as the Seattle SuperSonics ' player-coach and one season as the Portland Trail Blazers ' player-coach . He is the only player-coach who has been inducted to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame as both a player and a coach . Other than Wilkens , twelve player-coaches have been inducted as players while two player-coaches have been inducted as coaches . The Coach of the Year Award was never won by a player-coach . Wilkens went on to become the longest-tenured head coach in the league . In addition to 4 seasons as a player-coach , he spent another 28 seasons as a head coach , winning an NBA championship in 1979 . San Francisco Warriors player-coach Al Attles retired from playing duty in 1971 , but continued to coach the Warriors for another 12 seasons , leading them to an NBA championship in 1975 . Alex Hannum , Red Holzman and Kevin Loughery , who served as player-coaches for less than a season , had a lengthy coaching career in the NBA which lasted more than 10 seasons . Hannum spent 11 seasons as a full-time head coach , winning two NBA championships with two different teams . Holzman coached the Hawks for 4 seasons , including a season as a player-coach , and the New York Knicks for 14 seasons . He led the latter to two NBA championships . Loughery served as the head coach for six NBA teams during his 18-year coaching career , including a year as a player-coach . Wilkens and Holzman were named among the Top 10 Coaches in NBA History announced at the league 's 50th anniversary in 1996 . Wilkens , along with Bob Cousy , Dave Cowens , Dave DeBusschere , Bob Pettit , Bill Russell and Dolph Schayes , were named to the list of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History , which was also announced at the league 's 50th anniversary .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53d33bec9fec6816fd0dada98aa0869d", "text": "1969–70 Washington Caps season The 1969 -- 70 Washington Caps season was the 1st and only season of the Caps in the ABA . On August 21 , 1969 , the Oakland Oaks moved to Washington , D.C due to operating at a loss despite winning the ABA Finals that year . They were purchased by a group led by Earl Foreman , Thomas Shaheen and Louis Diamond for $ 2.6 million . Seven members of the championship team played for the Caps , who finished 3rd in the Western Division ( placed there despite being over thousands of miles from their opponents ) . The team played a few games designated as home games despite not being in Washington , even playing a game in Wichita , Kansas . They finished 2nd in points per game at 118.2 , but finished last in points allowed , at 118.8 . The Caps faced the Denver Rockets in the ABA Playoffs , losing in 7 games . After the season , Foreman was encouraged to move the team away from Washington , in anticipation of an ABA -- NBA merger , along with Abe Pollin moving his Baltimore Bullets to Washington . Subsequently , the team moved to Virginia to become the Virginia Squires .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d5eee3e4d077f9ec205ef09cb6d5b71", "text": "1993–94 Utah Jazz season The 1993 -- 94 NBA season was the Jazz 's 20th season in the National Basketball Association , and 15th season in Salt Lake City , Utah . During the offseason , the Jazz signed unrestricted free agent All-Star forward Tom Chambers , and acquired Felton Spencer from the Minnesota Timberwolves . John Stockton led the league in assists for the seventh straight season , as Karl Malone joined the list in all-time points scored topping the 19,000 point mark . Both were selected for the 1994 NBA All-Star Game . At midseason , the Jazz traded Jeff Malone to the Philadelphia 76ers for Jeff Hornacek . With the addition of Hornacek , the Jazz went on to win ten consecutive games between February and March . They won nine of their final eleven games finishing third in the Midwest Division with a 53 -- 29 record . In the first round of the playoffs , the Jazz defeated the 4th-seeded San Antonio Spurs after losing Game 1 . In the semifinals , they took a 3 -- 0 series lead over the 8th-seeded Denver Nuggets . However , the Jazz would lose the next three games to the Nuggets , then finally win Game 7 and advance to the next round . In the Western Conference Finals , they lost five games to the Houston Rockets . Following the season , Tyrone Corbin was traded to the Atlanta Hawks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0eae670a647f38d3c2d4f5adb35c415b", "text": "Minnesota Timberwolves failed relocation to New Orleans In 1994 , several groups were involved in an attempt to relocate the Minnesota Timberwolves of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) from Minneapolis , Minnesota to New Orleans , Louisiana . The proposed relocation would have been the second involving a Minneapolis-based franchise in the span of two years , as Minneapolis had lost its National Hockey League ( NHL ) franchise to Dallas in 1993 . Timberwolves owners Marv Wolfenson and Harvey Ratner were considering selling the team due to problems with the mortgage on the Target Center , the team 's arena that had been built only four years earlier as part of Minneapolis ' 1989 entry into the NBA . The events of the attempted relocation resulted in Glen Taylor , businessman and former Minnesota State Senator , purchasing the team and keeping it in Minneapolis . After their failed courting of the Timberwolves , New Orleans made attempts to lure the Vancouver Grizzlies and Charlotte Hornets to the city in the 2000s and found success when the Hornets , who had considered both New Orleans and Memphis ( where the Grizzlies eventually moved ) , elected to move to Louisiana in 2002 . The Hornets would since then revive their franchise name back in Charlotte in 2014 , while the original Charlotte Hornets would be renamed the New Orleans Pelicans in 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2b15ae0c19a37063b4c29f15c5ce4b2", "text": "Lawton-Fort Sill Cavalry The Lawton-Fort Sill Cavalry was a professional basketball team based in Lawton , Oklahoma . They played in the Premier Basketball League after having been in the Continental Basketball Association . They have one PBL championship and also were the two time champions of the CBA . The original team was known as the Oklahoma City Cavalry , which competed in the CBA in Oklahoma City from 1990 to 1997 -- when they were league champions . Rochester won the first game of the best of three 2011 championship series 105 -- 101 ( in Rochester on April 15 , 2011 ) . The new Oklahoma Cavalry , which was originally supposed to be a reincarnation of the original team and called the Oklahoma City Cavalry , began play in 2007 . The team was originally scheduled to play in the American Basketball Association . The team wanted to play at Abe Lemons Arena on the campus of Oklahoma City University ; however , the university backed out . Due to the lack of support from Oklahoma City and city officials ' desire for a permanent NBA franchise , the owners decided to look elsewhere to place the new Cavalry franchise . The team then decided to move operations to Lawton , Oklahoma , and to play at the Great Plains Coliseum . Less than one year later , Oklahoma City got their NBA team , the Oklahoma City Thunder .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "69aa3290e3b9cd7058694274721532c0", "text": "1993–94 Atlanta Hawks season The 1993 -- 94 NBA season was the Hawks ' 45th season in the National Basketball Association , and 26th season in Atlanta . In the offseason , Michael Jordan shocked the NBA by announcing his retirement . This meant that various teams in the league had an opportunity to contend for a championship . The Hawks hired Hall of Famer Lenny Wilkens as their new head coach . Wilkens was a star guard for the franchise when it was based in St. Louis in the 1960s . Wilkens was quickly moving up the all-time coaching wins list after successful runs with the Seattle SuperSonics and Cleveland Cavaliers . Wilkens employed a defensive system which benefited several members of the team . The team also signed free agents Craig Ehlo and Andrew Lang during the offseason . The Hawks got off to a slow start losing four of their first five games , but then went on a 14-game winning streak as they held a 34 -- 13 record before the All-Star break . Despite being in first place in the East , the Hawks would trade franchise leading scorer Dominique Wilkins to the Los Angeles Clippers for All-Star forward Danny Manning on February 24 . By the end of the season , the Hawks finished first overall in the Eastern Conference with a record of 57 wins and 25 losses . Guards Stacey Augmon and Mookie Blaylock were both named to the NBA All-Defensive team . Blaylock was also selected for the 1994 NBA All-Star Game along with Wilkins , and Coach of The Year , Lenny Wilkens coaching the Eastern Conference . In the playoffs , the Hawks defeated the Miami Heat in the Eastern Conference Quarterfinals in five games after trailing 2 -- 1 , but lost to the 5th-seeded Indiana Pacers four games to two in the semifinals . Following the season , Manning signed as an unrestricted free agent with the Phoenix Suns , Duane Ferrell signed with the Indiana Pacers , and second-year forward Adam Keefe was traded to the Utah Jazz .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3aa637070e8dfb15af553a0b84a1c5b", "text": "Bobby Joe Mason Bobby Joe Mason ( April 23 , 1936 -- July 4 , 2006 ) was an American basketball player . He was an All-American college player at Bradley University and gained worldwide fame as a member of the Harlem Globetrotters . Mason was a three-sport star at Centralia High School in Centralia , Illinois . He came to Bradley and , after losing nearly a season to academic eligibility issues , became a prominent player and a part of two National Invitation Tournament championships with the Braves . In 1958 , he was named second-team All-Missouri Valley Conference , and was named to the first-team in 1959 . Following the season , he was drafted by the National Basketball Association 's Minneapolis Lakers , but chose to return to Bradley to use the rest of his eligibility . Mason played 18 games for the Braves in 1959 -- 60 , until his eligibility ran out upon graduation . He left the team prior to their run to the 1960 NIT championship . Despite his abbreviated season , Mason was named a second-team All-American by the National Association of Basketball Coaches alongside teammate Chet Walker . He was again drafted in the 1960 NBA draft , this time by the Cincinnati Royals ( sixth round , 41st pick ) , however he did not play in the NBA . He instead joined the Harlem Globetrotters , playing for the touring team from 1962 to 1974 . In addition to earning captain honors , he was a cast member on the 1974 Saturday morning television series The Harlem Globetrotters Popcorn Machine . Mason died on July 4 , 2006 at 70 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "039fbf8df831732ffe94e31df7bd4c76", "text": "1991 NBA Playoffs The 1991 NBA Playoffs was the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association 's 1990 -- 91 season . The tournament concluded with the Eastern Conference champion Chicago Bulls defeating the Western Conference champion Los Angeles Lakers 4 games to 1 in the NBA Finals . Michael Jordan was named NBA Finals MVP . After the Pistons had ended their season the last three years , the Bulls got revenge in the Eastern Conference Finals by sweeping the two-time defending NBA champions . It was the first time the Bulls won a playoff series over the Pistons since 1974 , when both teams were still part of the Western Conference . Game 4 ended with some of the Pistons walking off the court before time expired , refusing to shake the Bulls ' hands . In the 1989 NBA Finals , the Pistons themselves had swept the two-time defending champion Lakers . Detroit did not reach the conference finals again until 2003 . The seventh seeded Golden State Warriors stunned the San Antonio Spurs in the first round of the playoffs , defeating them 3 games to 1 . It would be Golden State 's last playoff series win until 2007 . The 76ers and the Bucks met in the first round of the playoffs where the 76ers swept the series . It would be both teams last playoff appearance until 1999 . Game 4 of the Blazers -- Jazz series was the last game ever played at the Salt Palace . This was the first year that NBC aired the NBA Playoffs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "baf1685cf375936b74dd82de71f7b776", "text": "1992–93 Atlanta Hawks season The 1992 -- 93 NBA season was the Hawks ' 44th season in the National Basketball Association , and 25th season in Atlanta . Prior to the start of the season , the Hawks acquired point guard Mookie Blaylock from the New Jersey Nets . After losing their season opener at home to the New York Knicks 106 -- 94 , the Hawks would defeat the defending champion Chicago Bulls on the road , 100 -- 99 at the Chicago Stadium on November 7 . However , they got off to a rough start losing five of their first seven games , which led them to a mediocre 12 -- 17 start in early January . With a 26 -- 31 record , they would win 12 of their next 13 games while posting a 12 -- 3 record in March , on their way to finishing fourth in the Central Division with a 43 -- 39 record . Dominique Wilkins surpassed Bob Pettit as the Hawks all-time scoring leader , finishing second in the league in scoring averaging 29.9 points per game . He was named to the All-NBA Second Team and selected for the 1993 NBA All-Star Game . However , in the first round of the playoffs , the Hawks would be swept by the Bulls in three straight games . Following the season , head coach Bob Weiss was fired . For the season , the Hawks changed their uniforms which lasted until 1995 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1387d854cf148314be98d42f90900ca5", "text": "1934 St. Louis Gunners season The 1934 St. Louis Gunners season was their sole season in the league . The team won its first game before losing its final two . On August 8 , 1934 , before the start of the NFL season , St. Louis purchased the NFL 's Cincinnati Reds for $ 20,000 . However , the Gunners needed the other league owners to approve the sale . Only then would the Gunners would be official members . On August 17 , the other owners decided to reject the Gunners bid to buy the Reds , probably because St. Louis was too far removed from the rest of the clubs , all in the Northeast , and yearly trips there would have increased travel expenses . Meanwhile the Gunners declined membership into the minor league American Football League . As a result , the new league decided to form the St. Louis Blues . Gunners GM Bud Yates was credited with founding the team . The Blues even lured Dick Frahm away from the Gunners and even took over the lease of Public Schools Stadium . As a result , the Gunners moved their home games to Sportsman 's Park . Meanwhile Chile Walsh became the team 's fourth head coach in four years . The Gunners started their 1934 season , 5 -- 0 against several semi-pro teams . The team was searching desperately for decent teams to compete against . However on November 6 , 1934 , the NFL finally approved the sale of the Cincinnati Reds to St. Louis for $ 20,000 -- $ 30,000 . The Gunners were now officially members of the NFL and were invited to play the Reds last 3 games of the 1934 NFL season . The Blues then moved to Kansas City two days later in order to avoid fighting the Gunners for control of the St. Louis fanbase .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ea0570cd3e9957a8489ae4e4426f307", "text": "1989–90 New York Knicks season The 1989 -- 90 NBA season was the 44th season for the New York Knicks in the National Basketball Association . Before the season , owners Gulf + Western reorganized and became Paramount Communications , renaming themselves after the Paramount Pictures film studio . During the offseason , the Knicks hired Stu Jackson as their new head coach . The team got off to a solid start , winning 20 of their first 27 games , while posting a nine-game winning streak . At midseason , the Knicks traded second-year guard Rod Strickland to the San Antonio Spurs for Maurice Cheeks . However , as they stood at a 39 -- 22 record , they struggled and lost 15 of their final 21 games . The Knicks had a 45 -- 37 record and finished third in the Atlantic Division . The Knicks ' fifth-place finish in the Eastern Conference earned them a berth in the NBA Playoffs for the third straight year . Patrick Ewing was selected for the 1990 NBA All-Star Game . In the first round of the playoffs , New York defeated the 4th-seeded Boston Celtics three games to two , after overcoming an 0 -- 2 deficit . The Knicks were then eliminated in the conference semifinals by the Detroit Pistons , who later on won their second consecutive NBA title , four games to one over the Portland Trail Blazers . Following the season , Johnny Newman signed as an unrestricted free agent with the Charlotte Hornets .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ad224d98ea13733da4f04d6e80bbc94", "text": "Jayhawkers (film) Jayhawkers is an American sports drama/biographical film directed by Kevin Willmott , following the life of Wilt Chamberlain , Phog Allen , and the 1956 Kansas Jayhawks basketball team .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c09dd0e1b78910b5a38c81b2105ea30", "text": "List of all-time NBA win-loss records The following is a listing of all 30 current National Basketball Association ( NBA ) teams ranked by win-loss record percentage , accurate as of the end of the 2016 -- 17 NBA season . The records do not count wins and losses recorded by a team 's playing time in the American Basketball Association ( ABA ) , despite the 1976 NBA-ABA merger . The San Antonio Spurs have the highest win-loss record percentage , with . The Minnesota Timberwolves have the lowest win-loss record percentage , with . The Boston Celtics have recorded the most wins , with 3,274 , while the Sacramento Kings have recorded the most losses at 2,955 . The Boston Celtics lead the association with the most played games , with 5,560 . Conversely , the Pelicans have played the least overall games , with 1,132 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "8ea0d48704870ba0aa5026a558281334", "text": "Assassin's Creed Assassin 's Creed is a franchise centered on an action-adventure video-game series developed by Ubisoft . It depicts in the centuries-old struggle between the Assassins , who fight for peace with free will , and the Templars , who desire peace through control . Featuring historical fiction and characters , mixed with real-world historical events , and figures . The series took inspiration from the novel Alamut by the Slovenian writer Vladimir Bartol , while building upon concepts from the Prince of Persia series . The franchise began in 2007 with the release of Assassin 's Creed . The main videogame series consists of nine games , developed by Ubisoft Montreal ( single player ) and Ubisoft Annecy ( multiplayer ) , released on PlayStation 3 , PlayStation 4 , Xbox 360 , Xbox One , Wii U , Microsoft Windows , and OS X platforms . Many spin-off games have been made for Nintendo DS , PlayStation Portable , PlayStation Vita , iOS , HP webOS , Android , Nokia Symbian Windows Phone platforms , the handheld games are developed by Gameloft and Gryptonite Studios , with additional development by Ubisoft Montreal . The series has been well received by the public and critics , and has sold over 100 million copies , becoming Ubisoft 's best selling franchise and one of the highest selling video game franchises of all time . Additionally from the video-games the series has been expanded into a film , comics and novels ; all of which take place within the same continuity as the main video-games series .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "1e06a983e860ae56c3683e6865ad3473", "text": "Lara Croft Go Lara Croft Go is a 2015 turn-based puzzle video game in the Tomb Raider series . The player moves Lara Croft as a puzzle piece through a board game while avoiding obstacles and manipulating the environment . The developers distilled major series motifs , such as boulder chases and reaction-based gameplay , to suit Lara Croft Go time-independent gameplay . Square Enix Montreal developed the game as a spiritual successor to its 2014 Hitman Go , based on another Square Enix franchise . The company released Lara Croft Go in August 2015 for Android , iOS , Windows , and Windows Phone devices . A version for PlayStation 4 and PlayStation Vita was unveiled in November 2016 . The game received generally favorable reviews . Critics praised its aesthetics , puzzle design , and fidelity to the series , but criticized its short length and disputed its degree of difficulty . It was selected for a 2016 Apple Design Award , Apple 's 2015 iPhone game of the year , and best mobile/handheld game at the 2015 The Game Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a12fe08cfd9a059f9a9d4e1bae1f5500", "text": "The Rivals for Catan The Rivals for Catan ( Die Fürsten von Catan ) is an updated revision of the Catan Card Game , a card game adaptation of The Settlers of Catan . The game was released in 2010 . It is a member of the Catan series of games , and is published by Kosmos in German and Mayfair Games in English . Like its predecessor , The Rivals for Catan is a two-player game . As with the Catan Adventures series of games , the theme is based on the Rebecca Gablé novel The Settlers of Catan , a novel based on the original board game . The development of The Rivals for Catan and its evolution from the Catan Card Game was documented on the official Catanism blog in eight parts , titled `` The Reform of the Catan Card Game '' . There are a few minor changes to the rules between the two editions . The two editions are not compatible with each other , but they share many cards in common . The changes were motivated by the escalating complexity of the rules in the Catan Card Game ( which had , in 2003 , undergone a major rules revision ) in order to make the game more accessible . Cards in The Rivals for Catan are organized into `` Theme Sets '' , which broadly follow the progression of time on Catan . Included with the base game are three theme sets , `` The Era of Gold '' , `` The Era of Turmoil '' , and `` The Era of Progress '' , with each expansion of The Rivals of Catan containing additional theme sets . The Rivals of Catan supports three ( four with expansions ) different rulesets , called the Introductory ( no theme sets ) , Theme Deck ( all cards from one theme set ) , Duel of the Princes ( parts of all theme sets ) , and Tournament ( custom deck ) games . In 2011 an expansion called `` Age of Darkness '' ( `` Dunkle Zeiten '' ) with the theme sets `` The Era of Intrigue '' , `` The Era of Merchants Princes '' , and `` The Era of Barbarians '' was released . This expansion contains new card types : Region Expansions , Extraordinary Sites , Road Complements , a new center card and Marker cards . Furthermore , there are now cards which can be placed in the opponent 's principality . For 2012 a second expansion , `` Age of Enlightenment '' ( `` Goldene Zeiten '' ) was released . This 125-card expansion includes three theme sets : `` The Era of Explorers '' , `` The Era of Sages '' , and `` The Era of Prosperity '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "60c9f783ef04cec7251a9fae46856008", "text": "Bit.Trip Bit.Trip , stylized BIT.TRIP , is a series of seven video games developed by Choice Provisions ( or under their previous name Gaijin Games ) and published by Aksys Games for the Wii , Nintendo 3DS , Microsoft Windows , OS X , PS Vita , and PS4 . It was published by Arc System Works for WiiWare and Nintendo eShop in Japan , and by Namco Networks America Inc for the iPhone , iPod Touch and iPad . Each game revolves around the adventures of a character named `` Commander Video '' , and features `` a crazy mix of 80s aesthetics and modern game design '' . The styles of the games range from pong-like , to platforming , and shooting . Each game in the series features a chiptune-inspired soundtrack , but a different style of rhythm-based gameplay in each . Most games in the series have few levels ; Beat , Core , Void and Flux have only three levels each while Fate has six and Runner has 36 . Most of the games feature levels lasting between 10 and 25 minutes to make up for having such few levels . The games also consists of 8 modes , Nether , Hyper , Mega , Super , Ultra , Extra , Giga , and Meta , which changes based on how well the player does . Each successive game adds a new mode , the highest being Mega in Beat , and Meta in Flux .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9225f6d941fd9ea084c62dbd36a2ff28", "text": "Zombie Army Trilogy Zombie Army Trilogy is a third-person tactical shooter stealth video game developed and published by Rebellion Developments . It is a spin-off to the Sniper Elite series , released on March 6 , 2015 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 4 and Xbox One . The premise of the game is that , in an alternative version of the final days of World War II , with the German army close to defeat , Adolf Hitler deploys a last resort plan to raise the fallen as zombies through occult rituals and turn them against Allied forces , thus causing Germany to become overrun with the undead . The trilogy includes a remastered version of the original Nazi Zombie Army and its sequel , which were both released in 2013 as standalone downloadable content for Sniper Elite V2 , and a previously unreleased third installment in the series . The game , which can be played co-operatively or solo , features the single-player campaigns of the first two Nazi Zombie Army titles , alongside the new third chapter , combined into one Campaign mode , with a Horde mode similar to Killing Floor and the aforementioned Left 4 Dead series also being available . The game 's co-operative modes support eight playable characters , four of which are new female characters . In August 2015 , the main characters of both games in the Left 4 Dead series were also added exclusively to the PC version 's playable character roster .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "653f90afd90c20e07ee55eb4bdab622a", "text": "Assassin (video game) Assassin is a video game for the Commodore Amiga system . It was developed by Psionic Systems and published in by Team17 , the company best known for developing the Worms franchise . The game is an action game that has platform and shoot 'em up type gameplay . Assassin was updated and re-released in as Assassin : Special Edition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f197a5e1830a42fa4ce7422e42ebdd5", "text": "Multiplayer online game A multiplayer online game is a multiplayer video game which can be played via a game server over the internet , with other players around the world . Some prominent examples of this include fighting games ( e.g. Street Fighter IV and Tekken 6 ) , sports games ( e.g. NHL 14 and Grid Autosport ) , older online games ( e.g. Sega Meganet titles ) , first-person shooters ( Battlefield 2 , BZFlag , Call of Duty , Counter-Strike , Quake 3 , Resistance 3 and Unreal Tournament ) , a subgenre of shooter games called hero shooter ( Battleborn , Overwatch and Paladins ) , strategy video games ( e.g. Warcraft 3 and StarCraft or II ) and a subgenre of strategy games called multiplayer online battle arena ( e.g. Defense of the Ancients , League of Legends , Dota 2 and Heroes of the Storm ) . These games differ from massively multiplayer online game ( MMO ) in that they do not create a persistent world , but create a playing arena for the purpose of a single game or round . In other words , they rely on a game listen server used only for that round , and there can be numerous servers all around the world . MMO games on the other hand , rely on dedicated servers , as these games must be running continuously .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ba9c6fe983b5913ac0da8f702046ce4", "text": "Game Developers Choice Award for Game of the Year The Game Developers Choice Award for the Game of the Year , also known as GDCA Game of the Year is the main video game award presented at the Game Developers Conference ( GDC ) , the largest annual gathering of professional video game developers . The conference , usually held in or around March in San Francisco , presents the award as part of the Game Developers Choice Awards ( GDCA ) , a series of awards honoring outstanding achievements in video game design for games released during the previous calendar year . Established in 2001 , the award is considered the most prestigious peer-awarded accolade in the digital games industry , as the winners are selected by votes of game developers themselves . As of the 16th conference held in March 2016 , only three studios -- all of them American -- have won the award more than once : Valve Corporation , for Half-Life 2 ( 2004 ) and Portal ( 2007 ) Bethesda Game Studios , for Fallout 3 ( 2008 ) and The Elder Scrolls V : Skyrim ( 2011 ) Naughty Dog , for Uncharted 2 : Among Thieves ( 2009 ) and The Last of Us ( 2013 ) Developers with three or more nominations in the category include Nintendo EAD ( 6 ) , BioWare ( 5 ) , Bethesda Game Studios ( 4 ) , Rockstar North ( 4 ) , Ubisoft Montreal ( 4 ) , FromSoftware ( 3 ) , Lionhead Studios ( 3 ) , and Valve Corporation ( 3 ) . As for video game publishers , the most successful to date is Sony Computer Entertainment with 9 nominations and 4 wins , followed by Nintendo ( 8 nominations and 1 win ) , Electronic Arts ( 7 nominations and 1 win ) and Rockstar Games ( 6 nominations and 1 win ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00a47f45a8903ab372e4f8938ed1c815", "text": "List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times . Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 . BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design . At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ea96a8a50eec8710d680775e3df01bd", "text": "List of Square Enix video game franchises Square Enix is a Japanese video game development and publishing company formed from the merger of video game developer Square and publisher Enix on April 1 , 2003 . The company is best known for its role-playing video game franchises , which include the Final Fantasy series , the Dragon Quest series , and the action role-playing Kingdom Hearts series . Since its inception , the company has developed or published hundreds of titles in various video game franchises on numerous gaming systems . Of its properties , the Final Fantasy franchise is the best-selling , with a total worldwide sales of over 110 million units . The Dragon Quest series has shipped over 66 million units worldwide and is one of the most popular video game series in Japan , while the Kingdom Hearts series has shipped over 22 million copies worldwide . Square Enix has owned Taito , which continues to publish its own video games , since September 2005 , and acquired game publisher Eidos Interactive in April 2009 , which was merged with Square Enix 's European publishing wing and renamed as Square Enix Europe . This list includes franchises in which Square Enix , or its original components Square and Enix , or its subsidiaries , were the primary developer or publisher , even if the series was begun prior to the subsidiary 's acquisition . Franchises are defined as any set of interconnected media consisting of more than one release , and video game franchises are defined as franchises which were initially created as a video game or series of video games . For a list of all individual games developed or published by Square Enix , see the list of Square Enix video games and mobile games . For games released before the merger , see the Square and Enix video games . For games released by Taito , both before and after the acquisition , see the list of Taito games , and for games published by Eidos prior to acquisition see the list of Eidos games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f6c24ae89f2bcb82390b9b67e1ad503", "text": "List of Final Fantasy media Final Fantasy is a series of role-playing video games developed and published by Square Enix ( formerly Square ) . Its first game premiered in Japan in 1987 , and Final Fantasy games have subsequently been localized for markets in North America , Europe and Australia , on nearly every video game console since its debut on the Nintendo Entertainment System . Final Fantasy is Square Enix 's most successful franchise , having sold over 97 million units worldwide to date . In addition to traditional role-playing games , the series includes tactical role-playing games , portable games , massively multiplayer online role-playing games , and games for mobile phones . Its popularity has placed it as the sixth-best-selling video game franchise , and the series has won multiple awards over the years . In addition to the 15 games released as part of the main ( numbered ) series and their many spin-offs and related titles , the Final Fantasy series has spawned many works in other media including anime , movies , novels and manga , and radio dramas . Final Fantasy : Unlimited , originally a stand-alone anime series , now has its own sub-franchise which includes video games . Many games , particularly the main series , have soundtrack album releases featuring their music in different arrangements . Square Enix has also consistently released companion books for its games which provide additional backstory and plot information , as well as detailed walkthroughs for the game . Since the announcement of Compilation of Final Fantasy VII , Square Enix has focused on `` polymorphic content '' , expanding each game world with material on many video game platforms , as well as other forms of media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "550cd5293425c85941169f6065afa6c2", "text": "Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots Metal Gear Solid 4 : Guns of the Patriots is an action-adventure stealth video game developed by Kojima Productions and published by Konami exclusively for the PlayStation 3 console . It is the sixth Metal Gear game directed by Hideo Kojima , and was released worldwide on June 12 , 2008 . Set five years after the events of Metal Gear Solid 2 : Sons of Liberty , the story centers around a prematurely aged Solid Snake , now known as Old Snake , as he goes on one last mission to assassinate his nemesis Liquid Snake , who now inhabits the body of his former henchman Revolver Ocelot under the guise of Liquid Ocelot , before he takes control of the Sons of the Patriots , an A.I. system that controls the activities of PMCs worldwide . Guns of the Patriots received universal acclaim , garnering perfect reviews and Game of the Year awards from several major gaming publications , including GameSpot , which claimed that the game was `` technically flawless '' . Often considered to be one of the seventh generation of console gaming 's most significant titles , its release caused a boost in sales of the PlayStation 3 , where it sold over six million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd685e9bb8cadb70e6bb7ef9e2f0b5b8", "text": "Mortal Kombat X Mortal Kombat X is a fighting video game developed by NetherRealm Studios and published by Warner Bros. . Interactive Entertainment . Running on the Unreal Engine 3 , it is the tenth main installment in the Mortal Kombat video game series and a sequel to the 2011 Mortal Kombat . It was released on April 14 , 2015 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 4 , and Xbox One . NetherRealm studio 's mobile team developed a version for iOS and Android devices . A version for Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 was in development but was eventually cancelled because NetherRealm could not get the seventh generation of consoles versions to the quality expected of a Mortal Kombat game . High Voltage Studios developed the PC version of the game , with Polish studio QLOC taking over the work on it shortly after the release of Kombat Pack 1 . Like previous Mortal Kombat games , Mortal Kombat Xs gameplay consists of two players , or one player and the CPU , fighting against each other with their selected character , using a large , varied array of character specific attacks . The game contains several modes , such as a story mode , which takes place twenty years after the previous Mortal Kombat game , several ` Tower ' modes , which feature dynamically changing challenges , numerous online modes , and the ` Krypt ' , a mode played in a first-person perspective where players explore the areas unlocking a variety of in-game items . The console versions of Mortal Kombat X received mostly positive reviews from critics upon release . Most praise was directed at the game 's controls , overall gameplay , graphics , story , and characters , with some reviewers calling it the best game in the Mortal Kombat series . However , the PC version of the game was met with mixed reception , with reviewers blaming numerous technical issues ( including frequent crashes and slow netcode ) for severely hindering the experience . Some critics also particularly disliked the tutorials , microtransactions , and downloadable content . Selling more than 5 million copies , the game was the fastest-selling game in the franchise and the ninth best-selling game in 2015 . An upgraded version of Mortal Kombat X , titled Mortal Kombat XL , was released on March 1 , 2016 for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One . This upgrade to the game includes all downloadable content characters from the two released Kombat Packs , almost all bonus alternate costumes available at the time of release , improved gameplay , and improved netcode . This edition was also released for PC on October 4 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33da760870bfa9d1d86441fcdb92c1b0", "text": "Heroes of Might and Magic III Heroes of Might and Magic III : The Restoration of Erathia is a turn-based strategy game developed by Jon Van Caneghem through New World Computing originally released for Microsoft Windows by the 3DO Company in 1999 . Its ports to several computer and console systems followed in 1999-2000 . It is the third installment of the Heroes of Might and Magic series . The game 's story is first referenced throughout Might and Magic VI : The Mandate of Heaven and serves as a prequel to Might and Magic VII : For Blood and Honor . The player can choose to play through seven different campaigns telling the story , or play in a scenario against computer or human opponents . The gameplay is very similar to its predecessors in that the player controls a number of heroes that command an army of creatures inspired by myth and legend . The gameplay is divided into two parts , tactical overland exploration and a turn based combat system . The player creates an army by spending resources at one of the eight town types in the game . The hero will progress in experience by engaging in combat with enemy heroes and monsters . The conditions for victory vary depending on the map , including conquest of all enemies and towns , collection of a certain amount of a resource , or finding the grail artifact . Heroes III was released to universal acclaim and was praised by critics . The game received the expansion packs Heroes of Might and Magic III : Armageddon 's Blade and Heroes of Might and Magic III : The Shadow of Death . Heroes Chronicles , a series of short introductory games based on the Heroes III engine , was also released . A special version of Heroes III titled Heroes III Complete , which included the original game and both expansion packs , was released in 2000 . On December 10 , 2014 , Ubisoft announced an HD version of the game . The new version features updated graphics as well as wide screen compatibility and was released on January 29 , 2015 for Microsoft Windows , iOS and Android . However , the expansions have not been re-released because their source code is lost .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "546dcfd309b61e54114a0646f5b249e1", "text": "Tomb Raider (2013 video game) Tomb Raider is an action-adventure video game developed by Crystal Dynamics and published by Square Enix . Tomb Raider is the tenth title in the Tomb Raider franchise , and operates as a reboot that emphasises the reconstructed origins of Lara Croft . Tomb Raider was released on 5 March 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 , and on 23 January 2014 for OS X , and on 27 April 2016 for Linux . Crystal Dynamics began development of Tomb Raider soon after the release of Tomb Raider : Underworld in 2008 . Rather than a sequel , the team decided to completely reboot the series , establishing the origins of Lara Croft for the second time , following Tomb Raider : Legend . Tomb Raider is set on Yamatai , an island from which Lara , who is untested and not yet the battle-hardened explorer she is in other titles in the series , must save her friends and escape while being hunted down by a malevolent cult . Gameplay elements focus more on survival , although exploration is used within the game when exploring the island and various optional tombs . It is also the first game in the series to have multiplayer and the first game to be published by Square Enix , after the latter 's acquisition of Eidos Interactive in 2009 . Camilla Luddington was announced to voice and perform as Lara Croft in 2010 , replacing Keeley Hawes . After a delayed release from late 2012 to March 2013 , Tomb Raider received much anticipation and hype . Upon release , the game was well received , with critics praising the graphics , the gameplay , Luddington 's performance as Lara , and Lara 's characterization and development , although the addition of a multiplayer mode was not well received and some reviewers directed criticism towards the disconnection between the narrative and the player 's actions during gameplay . Tomb Raider sold one million copies within 48 hours of its release , and has sold more than 8.5 million copies as of April 2015 , making it the best-selling Tomb Raider title to date . An updated version , Tomb Raider : Definitive Edition , was released in North America on 28 January 2014 and in Europe on 31 January 2014 for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One containing all features and DLC . A sequel , Rise of the Tomb Raider , was released in November 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1318f23e2e6fabf22ddbe228f6772d7", "text": "Fahrenheit (2005 video game) Fahrenheit ( known as Indigo Prophecy in North America ) is a cinematic interactive drama action-adventure video game developed by Quantic Dream and published by Atari , Inc. for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox . The director 's cut and uncut versions were later released for Microsoft Windows . Fahrenheit has sold over 700,000 units worldwide since it was released in September 2005 and has won several awards . On 4 December 2007 , Atari released the game for Xbox 360 through Xbox Originals . On 8 November 2011 , Quantic Dream released the game uncensored for PC through GOG.com . A remastered version of the game , entitled Fahrenheit : Indigo Prophecy Remastered , was developed and published by Aspyr in January 2015 for Microsoft Windows , OS X , Linux and iOS . A port for the PlayStation 4 , which was developed by International Software Development Group at Sony Interactive Entertainment , was released on 9 August 2016 via PlayStation Network . In this paranormal thriller , New York City experiences a series of mysterious murders that follow the same pattern ; ordinary people become possessed and kill strangers in public . The main characters of the story must uncover the supernatural forces behind these crimes . Publicity was generated from the developer 's rejection of conventional game genre labeling ; preferring to brand it as the first `` interactive film '' rather than an adventure or third-person action title . The game features motion captured animation as well as branching story lines , split screen cameras and an interface designed to be intuitive and realistic . Event triggers in the game are also mainly time-based , as opposed to the more common player-initiated progression found in most games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28e5f4ca897e9f35c964e39fa7dbedb0", "text": "ARMA: Armed Assault ARMA : Armed Assault ( stylized as AA ; known as ARMA : Combat Operations in North America ) , is a tactical military first - and third-person shooter , released in late 2006 . ARMA is the spiritual successor to Operation Flashpoint : Cold War Crisis ( later renamed and re-released as ARMA : Cold War Assault by Bohemia Interactive ) and features an overhauled game engine , with improved graphics , physics , multiplayer functionality , scripting capabilities , and new units and vehicles . An expansion pack titled ARMA : Queen 's Gambit was released in 2007 . Because of legal issues between BI and Codemasters ( the original publishers of Operation Flashpoint ) , Codemasters owns the intellectual property to the name Operation Flashpoint . Since BI severed its connection with Codemasters and no longer has the legal right to use the Operation Flashpoint name , Armed Assault is considered to be the direct descendant of Operation Flashpoint . ARMA 2 ( previously referred to as `` Game 2 '' ) was released in June 2009 . Codemasters has released a rival title to BI using the name Operation Flashpoint : Dragon Rising , in which BI has no participation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "891a5a27c9984a613fba6a151a243024", "text": "Apollo Justice: Ace Attorney Apollo Justice : Ace Attorney , known in Japan as , is a visual novel adventure video game developed by Capcom . It is the fourth title in the Ace Attorney series , and was originally released for the Nintendo DS handheld game console in Japan in 2007 and in the West in 2008 , and was released for iOS and Android in December 2016 . The game takes place seven years after the previous game , Phoenix Wright : Ace Attorney − Trials and Tribulations . Phoenix Wright , the main character of previous titles in the series , has been stripped of his attorney 's badge , and Apollo Justice , an up-and-coming attorney , becomes his apprentice , working with Phoenix 's adopted daughter Trucy on four cases . The player 's goal is to get their clients declared not guilty ; to do this , they investigate the cases and cross-examine witnesses . When finding inconsistencies in witness testimonies , the player is able to present pieces of evidence that contradict the witnesses ' statements . They can also use the `` perceive '' system , in which they are able to see nervous motions or actions during witness testimonies , similar to a tell in poker . The game was developed by a team of 28 staff members , including producer Minae Matsukawa , director Mitsuru Endo , and character designer Kazuya Nuri . Series creator Shu Takumi , who wrote the game 's scenario and took on a supervisory role for the production , had wanted the series to end with Trials and Tribulations , as he felt that Phoenix 's character had been explored fully ; when it was decided that the game would get made , he wanted it to have a new main character with a new story , and wanted Phoenix to not make an appearance . Despite this , it was decided that Phoenix would be the accused in the first case in the game . Apollo Justice sold around 250,000 copies during the first retail week and 515,417 by the end of 2007 , and has been mostly positively received by critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa49f3eb2aaa9e6098c2adc17e9a3584", "text": "List of Crystal Dynamics video games Crystal Dynamics is an American video game developer that was founded in 1992 by Judy Lang , Madaline Canepa and Dave Morris . Based in the San Francisco Bay Area , California , Crystal Dynamics was the first licensed developer for Panasonic 's original 3DO console , a gaming hardware platform founded by Kleiner Perkins . Their first release , Crash N Burn , was a launch game for the system and was included as a pack-in game with the console . The 3DO 's launch during the 1993 Christmas season was a commercial failure , severely damaging Crystal Dynamics ' software strategy . In 1994 , the company became a publisher for two new gaming platforms , the PlayStation and the Sega Saturn . The studio was acquired by Eidos Interactive , a British video game publisher , in 1998 . After Square Enix acquired Eidos in 2009 , Crystal Dynamics became a subsidiary of Square Enix . Crystal Dynamics is best known for developing the Legacy of Kain and Gex series . Although the first Legacy of Kain video game was developed by Silicon Knights , Crystal Dynamics gained the rights to the franchise in 1998 and developed four sequels between 1999 and 2003 . In 2003 , the studio took over the development of the best-selling Tomb Raider franchise after its original developer , Core Design , failed to gain critical or commercial success with their later games . Crystal Dynamics ' first Tomb Raider game , Tomb Raider : Legend , became a commercial success with 4.5 million copies sold as of February 2009 . Its sequel , Tomb Raider : Underworld , sold 2.6 million copies and became the first game the studio developed for the PlayStation 3 . Since 2003 , the studio has focused development on the Tomb Raider franchise with the help of other studios such as Buzz Monkey Software and Nixxes Software . Crystal Dynamics has developed five games in the series , encompassing two reboots of the franchise .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42b8093a5e292836b3ca82fb3bd15cf4", "text": "Ezio Ezio is an Italian masculine name , originating from the Latin name Aetius . It may refer to : Flavius Aetius ( c. 396 -- 454 ) , Roman general , after whom Metastasio 's libretto and all the operas below are named . Ezio ( libretto ) , opera libretto by Metastasio . Notable setting are : Ezio ( Handel ) , King 's Theatre , London 1732 Ezio ( Mysliveček ) ( 1775 ) , Naples Ezio ( Mysliveček ) ( 1777 ) , Munich -- completely new music Ezio ( Gluck ) , Prague 1750 , revised Vienna 1763 Ezio ( Traetta ) by Tommaso Traetta , Teatro delle Dame , Rome , 1757 Ezio ( Latilla ) , Naples 1758 Ezio ( band ) , a band from Cambridge , England Ezio Gamba ( born 1958 ) , an Italian judoka Ezio Mauro ( born 1948 ) , an Italian journalist Ezio Auditore da Firenze , the protagonist of Ubisoft 's Assassin 's Creed II , Assassin 's Creed Brotherhood and Assassin 's Creed Revelations Ezio ( security ) , a security solution range for online banking and shopping from Gemalto EZ-IO , an intraosseous infusion drill by Vidacare Ezio ( Flavius Aetius ) , character from Verdi 's Attila ( opera )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6", "text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "7e23f3702cbae56343b122115269c233", "text": "Kolyma Kolyma ( Колыма́ , -LSB- kəlɨˈma -RSB- ) is a region located in the Russian Far East . It is bounded by the East Siberian Sea and the Arctic Ocean in the north and the Sea of Okhotsk to the south . The region gets its name from the Kolyma River and mountain range , parts of which were not discovered until 1926 . Today the region consists roughly of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and the Magadan Oblast . The area , part of which is within the Arctic Circle , has a subarctic climate with very cold winters lasting up to six months of the year . Permafrost and tundra cover a large part of the region . Average winter temperatures range from − 19 ° C to − 38 ° C ( even lower in the interior ) , and average summer temperatures , from +3 ° C to +16 ° C . There are rich reserves of gold , silver , tin , tungsten , mercury , copper , antimony , coal , oil , and peat . Twenty-nine zones of possible oil and gas accumulation have been identified in the Sea of Okhotsk shelf . Total reserves are estimated at 3.5 billion tons of equivalent fuel , including 1.2 billion tons of oil and 1.5 billion m3 of gas . The principal town Magadan has nearly 100,000 inhabitants and is the largest port in north-eastern Russia . It has a large fishing fleet and remains open year-round thanks to icebreakers . Magadan is served by the nearby Sokol Airport . There are many public and private farming enterprises . Gold mines , pasta and sausage factories , fishing companies , and a distillery form the city 's industrial base .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c0a2c70a4d66ada2df8f88d046ab8373", "text": "Lednikovy-Sarmaka mine The Lednikovy-Sarmaka mine is a large open pit mine located in the eastern part of Russia in Siberia . Lednikovy-Sarmaka represents one of the largest tungsten reserves in Russia having estimated reserves of 11 million tonnes of ore grading 0.37 % tungsten .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d97f4043fa5e8b5c93e4dc791a8f553", "text": "Victoria quadrangle The Victoria quadrangle is a region on Mercury from 0 to 90 ° longitude and 20 to 70 ° latitude . It is designated the `` H-2 '' quadrangle , and is also known as Aurora after a large albedo feature . Most of the Victoria quadrangle lies within an area that appears bright on telescopic images of the planet , the bright-albedo feature Aurora , which approximately coincides with the east half of the quadrangle . As is common with most of the imaged portions of Mercury , the Victoria quadrangle is dominated by basins and large craters , with plains materials occupying the areas between them .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a26078ba3dbe55f1a9c34e679f34cef8", "text": "Bagla Hills The Bagla Hills are located in eastern Sierra Leone within Gola Rainforest National Park , created in 2010 , near the border with Liberia . The site has been the subject of controversy between developers and conservationists , as it contains a large iron ore deposit . The Bagla Hills are one of the habitats of the endangered Jentink 's duiker . The deposit was first discovered in the 1970s by the now defunct American company Bethlehem Steel . Their preliminary evaluation produced `` an ore reserve estimate of 384 million tons of primary ore ( magnetite ) at 18.1 % Fe -LSB- iron -RSB- and about 90 million tons of haematite ore at 34.3 % iron . '' In 2005 , SL Minerals was awarded the exclusive prospecting license for iron ore in the Bagla Hills area . However , in May 2009 , Global Witness reported it had been told by the Director of Geological Surveys that SL Minerals had defaulted on a payment and gone into liquidation . Around 2009 , President of Sierra Leone Ernest Bai Koroma went to London , seeking investors to help his nation recover from the Sierra Leone Civil War ( 1991-2002 ) . Steve Cosser , an Australian pay-TV tycoon , proved receptive and came up with plans to mine the ore , while at the same time developing social programmes to benefit the people living there . In 2010 , Cosser purportedly obtained a 72-year lease from the 23 families living on the land . Sable Mining Africa Limited claimed to have obtained a 50-year lease in a 7 April 2011 press release , but the government of Sierra Leone stated a week later that `` all Mineral Resources within the confines of Bagla Hills is ( sic ) not for prospecting , exploration or mining , as they fall within a reserved area '' and that it would begin an investigation of both Sable Mining and Cosser 's Red Rock Mining ( SL ) Limited regarding the alleged lease acquisitions . In 2012 , the government made `` a commitment to not allow any form of mining inside the National Park . '' In October 2016 , The Standard Press reported that the High Court had ruled that two leases awarded to Cosser dated 20 December 2010 and 2 February 2011 were forgeries and awarded 50 million Sierra Leonean leones in costs to the plaintiffs . The Bagla Hills have a maximum height of 330 m.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0e4e418ec8c87c3cbf497e1ac53a412", "text": "2015 Gold King Mine waste water spill The 2015 Gold King Mine waste water spill was an environmental disaster that began at the Gold King Mine near Silverton , Colorado , when EPA personnel , along with workers for Environmental Restoration LLC ( a Missouri company under EPA contract to mitigate pollutants from the closed mine ) , caused the release of toxic waste water into the Animas River watershed . They caused the accident while attempting to drain ponded water near the entrance of the mine on August 5 . The maintenance by the EPA was necessary because local jurisdictions had previously refused Superfund money to fully remediate the regions ' derelict mines , due to a fear of lost tourism . After the spill , the Silverton Board of Trustees and the San Juan County Commission approved a joint resolution seeking Superfund money . Contractors accidentally destroyed the plug holding water trapped inside the mine , which caused an overflow of the pond , spilling 3 MUSgal of mine waste water and tailings , including heavy metals such as cadmium and lead , and other toxic elements , such as arsenic , beryllium , zinc , iron and copper into Cement Creek , a tributary of the Animas River in Colorado . The EPA was criticized for not warning Colorado and New Mexico about the operation until the day after the waste water spilled , despite the fact the EPA employee `` in charge of Gold King Mine knew of blowout risk . '' The EPA has taken responsibility for the incident , but refused to pay for any damages claims filed after the accident on grounds of sovereign immunity , pending special authorization from Congress or re-filing of lawsuits in federal court . Governor of Colorado John Hickenlooper declared the affected area a disaster zone . The spill affects waterways of municipalities in the states of Colorado , New Mexico , and Utah , as well as the Navajo Nation . As of August 11 , acidic water continued to spill at a rate of 500 -- while remediation efforts were underway .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ea349067fef6cfd044d0d890f808755", "text": "Mineral spring Mineral springs are naturally occurring springs that produce water containing minerals , or other dissolved substances , that alter its taste or give it a purported therapeutic value . Salts , sulfur compounds , and gases are among the substances that can be dissolved in the spring water during its passage underground . Mineral water obtained from mineral springs has long been an important commercial proposition . Mineral spas are resorts that have developed around mineral springs , where ( often wealthy ) patrons would repair to `` take the waters '' -- meaning that they would drink ( see hydrotherapy and water cure ) or bathe in ( see balneotherapy ) the mineral water . Historical mineral springs were often outfitted with elaborate stone-works -- including artificial pools , retaining walls , colonnades and roofs -- sometimes in the form of fanciful `` Greek temples '' , gazebos or pagodas . Others were entirely enclosed within spring houses .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "51748350318141653f50ac50b62c9ea9", "text": "Khabarovsk Krai Khabarovsk Krai ( -LSB- Хаба́ровский край , r = Khabarovsky kray , p = xɐˈbarəfskʲɪj kraj -RSB- ) is a federal subject of Russia ( a krai ) , located in the Russian Far East . It lies mostly in the basin of the lower Amur River , but also occupies a vast mountainous area along the coastline of the Sea of Okhotsk , an arm of the Pacific Ocean . The administrative center of the krai is the city of Khabarovsk . Population : 1,343,869 ( 2010 Census ) . The indigenous people of the area are various Tungusic peoples ( Evenks , Negidals , Ulchs , Nanai , Oroch , Udege ) and Amur Nivkhs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef282c03e3e0e8284696f0caa4997af7", "text": "Mineral industry of Armenia The mineral industry is one of the main sectors of the Armenian economy and as of 2011 accounted for over half of the country 's exports . Armenia is a major producer of molybdenum . The Zangezur copper-molybdenum complex possesses large molybdenum reserves that are concentrated in the Kajaran deposit . Besides molybdenum , Armenia has significant deposits of copper and gold ; smaller deposits of lead , silver , and zinc ; and deposits of industrial minerals , including basalt , diatomite , granite , gypsum , limestone , and perlite . In spite of the global economic crisis of 2008 , mining production and revenues grew significantly in 2009 due to a rise in global prices of copper , gold , and other base metals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "793019f0380862888e99ff4358406926", "text": "Komsa culture The Komsa culture ( Komsakulturen ) was a Mesolithic culture of hunter-gatherers that existed from around 10,000 BC in Northern Norway . The culture is named after the Komsa Mountain in the community of Alta , Finnmark , where the remains of the culture were first discovered . The term was first used by Norwegian archaeologist Anders Nummedal ( 1867-1944 ) after the discoveries he made on Komsa Mountain during 1925 . The distinction between a `` Komsa '' type of stone-tool culture north of the Arctic Circle and a `` Fosna '' type from Trøndelag to Oslo Fjord was rendered obsolete in the 1970s . Nowadays both phenomena are ascribed to different types of tools of the same culture . Recent archeological finds from Finnish Lapland were originally thought to represent an inland aspect of the Komsa culture equally old as the earliest finds from the Norwegian coast . However , this material is now considered to be affiliated with the contemporary Post-Swiderian culture of North Central Russia and the eastern Baltic and thus represents a separate early incursion into northernmost Scandinavia The commonly held view today is that the earliest settlement of the North Norwegian coast originated on the western and southwestern coast of Norway and ultimately in the final Palaeolithic Ahrensburg culture of northwestern Europe . The Komsa are thought to have followed the Norwegian coastline when receding glaciation at the end of the last ice age ( between 11,000 and 8000 BC ) opened up new areas for settlement . It was formerly believed that some elements may have moved into modern-day Finnmark from the northeast , possibly coming from ice-free coasts of the Kola Peninsula . However , recent research indicates that a number of the coastal sites in the Varangerfjord area previously attributed to the second phase of the `` Komsa '' continuum actually represent an early incursion from the southeast ( northwestern Russia ) and are related to the early Post-Swiderian influx discovered in northernmost Finnish Lapland . Archaeological evidence indicates that the Komsa culture was almost exclusively sea-oriented , living mainly off seal hunting and being able boatbuilders and fishermen . In comparison to the southern Norway 's contemporary Fosna variety of this same culture , stone tools and other implements appear relatively crude . This has been explained with a paucity of flintstone in the region .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32933e7e19057af68e11894ea92cd30e", "text": "Ports of Karnataka Karnataka 's coastline called Karavali stretches 300 km between Mangalore in Dakshina Kannada district and Karwar in Uttara Kannada district . The coastline of Karnataka has been along the eastern shore of Arabian Sea . Karnataka has one major and ten minor ports in this coastal belt . Kali , Belekeri , Gangavali , Aghanashini Sharavathi , Sharabi , Kollur , Gangolli , Sitanadi , Gurpur and Netravati are the important rivers in this belt which empty into the Arabian sea . Sea erosion , migration of river mouths , siltation of ports and harbours are some of the problems common to this belt . Development of ports being a state subject , the Government of Karnataka set up the Department of Ports and Inland Water Transport in 1957 . The Department maintains one major and ten minor ports between Mangalore in the south and Karwar in the North . The only major port is the New Mangalore Port . The minor ports are located at Karwar , Old Mangalore , Belekeri , Tadadi , Honnavar , Bhatkal , Kundapur , Hangarakatta , Malpe and Padubidri ports . Of these , the one at Karwar is the only all-weather port while the rest are riverine fair-weather lighterage ports . In the light of the economic reforms that the central government implemented in the early nineties , the Karnataka government also has been making serious efforts to improve its port infrastructure . In 1997 , a `` Port Policy '' was formulated with a view to develop all ports with private participation . The policy is built around the BOOST ( Build-Own-Operate-Share and Transfer ) concept and primarily seeks to improve cargo handling capacity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e4246e0403b72c640d753fb76f71370d", "text": "Aktogay, East Kazakhstan Region Aktogay ( Ақтоғай , Aqtoğay , اقتوعاي -LSB- ɑqtu̯ʊʁɑj -RSB- ) is a town in Ayagoz District , East Kazakhstan Region of Kazakhstan and major railway hub of Turkestan-Siberian Railway . Aktogay is located in Balkhash-Alakol lowlands , close to Balkhash lake . The Ayagoz river 's mouth is located nearby Aktogay . The climate is continental . Summer is hot +40 ° , winter is cold -40 ° . The distance to district center Ayagoz is 100 km , to the region center Ust-Kamenogorsk is 420 km , to Astana , the capital of Kazakhstan is 1250 km . The major copper deposit is discovered close to Aktogay town . This is the fourth reserves of copper in the world . Aktogay Mine and copper extraction plant was completed there and the copper cathodes production started in 2011 . The capital cost account $ 1.5-2 billion and the production capacity is 100.000 tones per annum . The city is about 30 km from Lake Balkhash .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2374ea884d5f4888bfbb97af0542eb8", "text": "Kymi (river) The Kymi ( Kymijoki , Kymmene älv ) is a river in Finland . It begins at Lake Päijänne , flows through the provinces of Päijänne Tavastia , Uusimaa and Kymenlaakso and discharges into the Gulf of Finland . The river passes the towns of Heinola and Kouvola . The town of Kotka is located on the river delta . The length of the river is 204 km , but its drainage basin of 37107 km2 extends to almost 600 km inside the Tavastia , Central Finland , Savonia and Ostrobothnia . The furthest source of the river is Lake Pielavesi , its furthest point being some 570 km from the sea measured by flow route . The name of the river , itself , kymi , means `` large river '' , in Old Finnish . Being one of the largest rivers in Southern Finland , the Kymi is a major source of hydroelectricity . The towns of Kotka , Kuusankoski , Myllykoski and Inkeroinen along the river are major centres of the pulp and paper industry . Formerly the river was extensively used for timber rafting . The Kymijoki river has five mouths . It divides into two main branches near the Kultaankoski rapids in Kotka , about 15 km inland of the Gulf of Finland . The eastern branch splits into the Korkeakoski and Koivukoski branches , the latter branch dividing again to form two mouths ( Langinkoski and Huumanhaara ) . The Korkeakoski branch has only one river mouth . The western branch divides into Ahvenkoski and Klåsarö branches , each with one mouth . The westernmost Ahvenkoski branch of the river served as a border between Sweden and Russia from 1743 to 1809 . The parts of Finland east of the river were later called Old Finland . Old Finland was incorporated in the Grand Duchy of Finland in 1812 . The Kymi is very swift : it takes three days for its waters to run from lake Pyhäjärvi to sea . Its mean depth is 9 m , and the deepest place is 29 m.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf0906ee37151c976919d56c3d540548", "text": "Mintek Mintek is an autonomous research and development ( R&D ) organisation specialising in all aspects of mineral processing , extractive metallurgy and related technology . Mintek was originally established as a Minerals research laboratory by the government of South Africa in 1934 . It is still partly funded by the state with a mandate to `` promote mineral technology and to foster the establishment and expansion of industries in the field of minerals and products derived from them '' . In collaboration with minerals and metal producers locally and internationally , Mintek develops and transfers new technology to industry for processing , extracting , refining and utilising minerals and mineral products . Mintek offers R&D expertise , service test work , and technologies for the gold , platinum-group metals ( PGM ) , base metals , ferro-alloys , and industrial minerals sectors . Extensive laboratory and pilot-plant facilities are available for investigations in the following fields : Analysis ( characterisation of ores and other materials , analytical chemistry and mineralogical techniques ) , Minerals processing , Hydrometallurgy , and Pyrometallurgy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "540866c838f2fae2ae5635bb674a0d02", "text": "Mercury(I) bromide Mercury ( I ) bromide or mercurous bromide is the chemical compound composed of mercury and bromine with the formula Hg2Br2 . It changes color from white to yellow when heated and fluoresces a salmon color when exposed to ultraviolet light . It has applications in acousto-optical devices . A very rare mineral form is called kuzminite , Hg2 ( Br , Cl ) 2 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4af18e21af7ca2d66250bfc8c757108d", "text": "Heritage of Mercury. Almadén and Idrija Heritage of Mercury . Almadén and Idrija is a joint UNESCO World Heritage site in Almadén , Castile-La Mancha , Spain , and Idrija , Slovenia . The property encompasses two mercury mining sites . In Almadén mercury has been extracted since Antiquity , while in Idrija it was first found in 1490 A.D. The sites bear testimony to the intercontinental trade in mercury which generated important exchanges between Europe and America over the centuries . The two sites represent the two largest mercury mines in the world and were operational until recent times . Mercury played an important role in extracting gold and silver from ores , dug in American mines . In addition , both sites illustrate the various industrial , territorial , urban and social elements of a specific sociotechnical system in the mining and metal production industries . At the heart of the Almadén site is a Mining Park , where the public can go underground . There are also buildings relating to the town ´ s mining history , including Retamar Castle , the San Rafael Mining Hospital ( now an archive ) , and eighteenth-century dwellings which form a hexagonal bullring . The site in Idrija notably features mercury stores and infrastructure , as well as miners ' living quarters , and a miners ' theatre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b92fe8c5131f716ff3ab734fd7932946", "text": "Mangazeisky mine The Mangazeisky mine is one of the largest silver mines in Russia and in the world . The mine is located in Siberia . The mine has estimated reserves of 31 million oz of silver .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "766c610b98042bac69136c56318f2b10", "text": "Silver Silver is the metallic element with the atomic number 47 . Its symbol is Ag , from the Latin argentum , derived from the Greek ὰργὀς ( literally `` shiny '' or `` white '' ) , and ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European language root reconstructed as * h2erǵ - , `` grey '' or `` shining '' . A soft , white , lustrous transition metal , it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity , thermal conductivity , and reflectivity of any metal . The metal is found in the Earth 's crust in the pure , free elemental form ( `` native silver '' ) , as an alloy with gold and other metals , and in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite . Most silver is produced as a byproduct of copper , gold , lead , and zinc refining . Silver has long been valued as a precious metal . Silver metal is used in many bullion coins , sometimes alongside gold : while it is more abundant than gold , it is much less abundant as a native metal . Its purity is typically measured on a per-mille basis ; a 94 % - pure alloy is described as `` 0.940 fine '' . As one of the seven metals of antiquity , silver has had an enduring role in most human cultures . Silver is used in numerous applications other than currency , such as solar panels , water filtration , jewellery , ornaments , high-value tableware and utensils ( hence the term silverware ) , and as an investment medium ( coins and bullion ) . Silver is used industrially in electrical contacts and conductors , in specialized mirrors , window coatings , and in catalysis of chemical reactions . Silver compounds are used in photographic film and X-rays . Dilute silver nitrate solutions and other silver compounds are used as disinfectants and microbiocides ( oligodynamic effect ) , added to bandages and wound-dressings , catheters , and other medical instruments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e56db8659dbd25edf59be204b1fbc03f", "text": "Mount Kholodilnik Kholodilnik Mountain ( гора́ Холоди́льник or со́пка Холодильник lit . `` Mt. Refrigerator '' ) , is a mountain in eastern Russia . It is located in Primorsky Krai , and is in the highest peak within the city of Vladivostok . Mount Kholodilnik ( height 257.9 , was-Mount Myravyov-Amursky ) is the highest point in Vladivostok . Height is 297 meters . There are fortifications : Fort Count Muravyov - Amur Vladivostok fortress , five lettered fortress batteries and Soviet battery № 198 '' Kholodilnik '' . Currently , some fortifications are abandoned , others are on the territory of the military unit . Tourists want to visit this place to see the Soviet naval battery sample number 198 1935 years and four 130 - mm gun B - 13-3s . There are still buildings and cellars of the former fort of Major-General Count Nikolai Muravyov - Amursky . Many fortifications have long been abandoned , but some of them are now used by the military unit , which is located almost at the top of the mountain . On the eastern slope of the hill there are many places for a picnic . There is a spring of pure water . Geologically the hills to the south of Vladivostok are the Sikhote-Alin . Slopes on the mountain are used for the open championship of the Far East for downhill and cross-country . It is also used by mountain paragliders . So the rules are elements of air , the result of magical work on the hill Fridge is always weather changing . Therefore , if the weather in city changes completely unexpected , for example suddenly among of the blue sky clouds are formed and it begins to rain , most likely the reason for that is in the magical effect on a hill Fridge . Or , conversely , when the whole sky is overcast over the city , citizens can see in the sky a large circle of clear sky over the hill forts Refrigerator - It is an evidence of that at this moment being magical work is . Entrance to the mountain , oddly enough , is under water . Every 3 years products are imported there in the event of war , then they `` close '' the entrance to this place . They say that the food will last for a whole year to feed the city of Vladivostok . Mount Refrigerator is protected with naval vessels .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c79a46e7282c4f00b77def69350d626", "text": "Precious metal A precious metal is a rare , naturally occurring metallic chemical element of high economic value . Chemically , the precious metals tend to be less reactive than most elements ( see noble metal ) . They are usually ductile and have a high lustre . Historically , precious metals were important as currency but are now regarded mainly as investment and industrial commodities . Gold , silver , platinum , and palladium each have an ISO 4217 currency code . The best known precious metals are the coinage metals , gold and silver . Although both have industrial uses , they are better known for their uses in art , jewelry , fine jewelry and coinage . Other precious metals include the platinum group metals : ruthenium , rhodium , palladium , osmium , iridium , and platinum , of which platinum is the most widely traded . The demand for precious metals is driven not only by their practical use but also by their role as investments and a store of value . Historically , precious metals have commanded much higher prices than common industrial metals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6784ec82391e9efcc8c5fe95c9f2e97a", "text": "Illegal logging in Madagascar Illegal logging has been a problem in Madagascar for decades and is perpetuated by extreme poverty and government corruption . Often taking the form of selective logging , the trade has been driven by high international demand for expensive , fine-grained lumber such as rosewood and ebony . Historically , logging and exporting in Madagascar have been regulated by the Malagasy government , although the logging of rare hardwoods was explicitly banned from protected areas in 2000 . Since then , government orders and memos have intermittently alternated between permitting and banning exports of precious woods . The most commonly cited reason for permitting exports is to salvage valuable wood from cyclone damage , although this reasoning has come under heavy scrutiny . This oscillating availability of Malagasy rosewood and other precious woods has created a market of rising and falling prices , allowing traders or `` timber barons '' to stockpile illegally sourced logs during periodic bans and then flood the market when the trade windows open and prices are high . The unsustainable exploitation of these tropical hardwoods , particularly rosewood from the SAVA Region , has escalated significantly since the start of the 2009 Malagasy political crisis . Thousands of poorly paid Malagasy loggers have flooded into the national parks -- especially in the northeast -- building roads , setting up logging camps , and cutting down even the most difficult to reach rosewood trees . Illegal activities are openly flaunted , armed militia have descended upon local villages , and a rosewood mafia easily bribe government officials , buying export permits with ease . These illegal operations are funded in part by advance payments for future shipments ( financed by Chinese expatriates and Chinese importers ) and by loans from large , international banks . Demand is fueled mostly by a growing Chinese middle class and their desire for exotic imperial-style furniture . European and American demand for high-end musical instruments and furniture have also played a role . However , public scrutiny has put significant pressure on shipping companies involved in the trade , and the United States is starting to enforce the Lacey Act by investigating companies with suspected involvement in the illegal trade of Malagasy precious woods . Logging in Madagascar 's tropical rainforests has had many secondary effects , beyond the risk of depletion of rare , endemic trees . Habitat has been disturbed , illegal mining has begun , local people have turned in desperation to the forests for resources , and poaching of endangered wildlife has escalated . Lemurs , the most well-known faunal group from the island , have been captured for the exotic pet trade as well as killed for food . Even the most critically endangered species have been targeted , primarily to feed a growing demand for delicacy food in up-scale restaurants . The local villagers have also suffered as tourism has declined sharply or ceased almost entirely . Some have resorted to working as loggers for minimal pay , while others have spoken out against it , often receiving death threats from the rosewood mafia in return .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c02a4def8ea1103ad847a38f246f91dc", "text": "Amur Acquisition The Amur Annexation refers to the incorporation of the southeast corner of Siberia into Russia in 1858 -- 60 . The two areas involved are the Priamurye between the Amur River and the Stanovoy Range to the north and the Primorye which runs down the coast from the Amur mouth to the Korean border ; and does not include Sakhalin Island . The territory of Outer Manchuria was formerly under the control of the Qing dynasty . In the modern-day geography of Russia , Priamurye ( `` the Amur Lands '' ) roughly corresponds to the Amur Oblast and the southern half of the Khabarovsk Krai , while Primorye ( `` the Maritime Lands '' ) corresponds to the Primorsky Krai ( and , possibly , adjacent sections of Khabarovsk Krai ) .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "6dde73fab7f628990cf3fb7bfdbed889", "text": "Justin Theroux Justin Paul Theroux ( born August 10 , 1971 ) is an American actor and screenwriter . He is best known for his work with film director David Lynch . He appeared in Mulholland Drive ( 2001 ) and Inland Empire ( 2006 ) . He is also known as a screenwriter for films such as Tropic Thunder , Iron Man 2 , Rock of Ages , and Zoolander 2 . Since 2014 , he has starred in the HBO series The Leftovers and more recently starred in the 2016 film The Girl on the Train .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fdfd2dcb0473ac112a413fe80cb76d23", "text": "Your Highness Your Highness is a 2011 American stoner comic fantasy film directed by David Gordon Green , and stars Danny McBride , James Franco , Natalie Portman , Zooey Deschanel and Justin Theroux . Written by McBride and Ben Best , the film was released on April 8 , 2011 . The film received negative reviews from critics and was a box office bomb , grossing $ 28 million worldwide against a $ 50 million budget .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "e91d1f4cb457d9bebd3f7cf71f2ed7b7", "text": "Blake Ritson Blake Adam Ritson ( born 14 January 1978 ) is an English actor and director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0aaeda5ada48bd88e96aed2ec807dea0", "text": "John Michael King John Michael King ( May 13 , 1926 -- August 17 , 2008 ) was an American actor most often associated with his roles in musical theatre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b74322777796564cd2fbfef4334be149", "text": "Gethin Anthony Gethin David L. Anthony ( born 9 October 1983 ) is an English television and film actor best known for his role as Renly Baratheon in Game of Thrones .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1da189226c838b1340f1dfe9e3b07250", "text": "Robert Hardy Timothy Sydney Robert Hardy , CBE , FSA ( born 29 October 1925 ) is an English actor with a long career in the theatre , film and television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "024a1a63e9ac465e054131ee388f2f49", "text": "Chandler Canterbury Chandler Canterbury ( born December 15 , 1998 ) is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ff6b17bb5651636c1be379e776a276bc", "text": "Sylvester Groth Sylvester Groth ( born 31 March 1958 ) is a German film actor and tenor . He is best known to English language audiences for appearing in Quentin Tarantino 's 2009 film Inglourious Basterds , in which he portrayed Nazi Minister of Propaganda Joseph Goebbels . He also appears in the opening scene of the third season of Fargo . His first major film role was in 1993 's Stalingrad . Groth portrayed Goebbels in the 2007 German film Mein Führer -- Die wirklich wahrste Wahrheit über Adolf Hitler , directed by Dani Levy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "608f88a63a241832caeeb3b0303fc6de", "text": "Jeremy Lindsay Taylor Jeremy Lindsay Taylor ( born Sydney , 19 September 1973 ) is an Australian actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7d3ca38cd8550207a85acfade2a0875", "text": "Rossif Sutherland Rossif Sutherland ( born September 25 , 1978 ) is a Canadian actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4debceab3c80314b473057b47fa295f7", "text": "Christopher Plummer Arthur Christopher Orme Plummer ( born December 13 , 1929 ) is a Canadian theatre , film and television actor . After making his film debut in Stage Struck ( 1958 ) , Plummer went on to a successful film career , now spanning more than five decades . Some of his most notable film performances include : The Sound of Music ( 1965 ) , Battle of Britain ( 1969 ) , Waterloo ( 1970 ) , The Return of the Pink Panther ( 1975 ) , Murder by Decree ( 1979 ) , Dragnet ( 1987 ) , Star Trek VI : The Undiscovered Country ( 1991 ) , A Beautiful Mind ( 2001 ) , Nicholas Nickleby ( 2002 ) , National Treasure ( 2004 ) , The New World ( 2005 ) , Inside Man ( 2006 ) , Up ( 2009 ) , The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus ( 2009 ) , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( 2011 ) . In a career which includes substantial roles in each of the dramatic arts , Plummer is best known to film audiences as the aristocratic widower , Captain Georg von Trapp , in the musical film The Sound of Music ( 1965 ) , alongside Julie Andrews . Plummer has ventured into various television projects , including the miniseries The Thorn Birds ( 1983 ) . Plummer has notably portrayed several historical figures , including Arthur Wellesley , First Duke of Wellington in Waterloo ( 1970 ) , Rudyard Kipling in The Man Who Would Be King ( 1975 ) , Mike Wallace in The Insider ( 1999 ) , and Leo Tolstoy in The Last Station ( 2009 ) . Plummer has won numerous awards and accolades for his work , including an Academy Award , two Emmy Awards , two Tony Awards , a Golden Globe Award , a SAG Award , and a BAFTA Award . With his win at age 82 in 2012 for Beginners , Plummer is the oldest actor ever to win an Academy Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ecec86c16dbed540e1748ef684646c73", "text": "Sacha Dhawan Sacha Dhawan ( born May 1 , 1984 ) is a British actor of Indian descent . He has performed on stage , film , television and radio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6707712f499d3bbdf242bdf0622c494f", "text": "Jesse Borrego Jesse Borrego ( born August 1 , 1962 in San Antonio ) is an American actor . He is best known for his roles as Cruz Candelaria in Blood In Blood Out , Jesse V. Valesquez in Fame , Gael Ortega in 24 , and as George King in Dexter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7fbb1ab048b963bb69381737f5f8af4f", "text": "Ozman Sirgood Osman Soykut ( born January 1 , 1957 ) , better known by his stage name Ozman Sirgood , is an American actor of Turkish and East European heritage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8e83c845f3f8f3cd6c059c4c6abc074", "text": "Andy Ansah Andrew Owusu `` Andy '' Ansah ( born 19 March 1969 ) is an English actor and former professional footballer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a72142050c9fd269615eb434fa11e9a1", "text": "James Wilby James Jonathon Wilby ( born 20 February 1958 ) is an English film , television and theatre actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f5067aaab83726ee338b3c669acd0431", "text": "Anthony Mackie Anthony Dwane Mackie ( born September 23 , 1978 ) is an American actor . He has been featured in feature films , television series , and Broadway and Off-Broadway plays , including Ma Rainey 's Black Bottom , Drowning Crow , McReele , A Soldier 's Play , and Carl Hancock Rux 's Talk , for which he won an Obie Award in 2002 . In 2002 , he was featured in Eminem 's debut film , 8 Mile . He was nominated for Independent Spirit Award for Best Actor for his role in Brother to Brother . His second nomination was for Best Supporting Actor at the 2009 Independent Spirit Awards for his role in The Hurt Locker . In 2014 , he joined the Marvel Cinematic Universe as Sam Wilson / Falcon , making his first appearance in Captain America : The Winter Soldier , and reprising the role in Avengers : Age of Ultron , Ant-Man , and Captain America : Civil War . In May 2016 , he co-starred in the HBO TV film All the Way as Martin Luther King Jr. , opposite Bryan Cranston , who was reprising his Tony Award-winning performance as President Lyndon B. Johnson in the play of the same name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6976702e0323ad976df60853608b7b7", "text": "Thomas Ho (actor) Thomas Ho Siu-hung , born 19 August 1973 , Kowloon , Hong Kong , is a British actor , of Chinese descent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa644dab4eb1f6a263002c37d55ca235", "text": "Holmes Herbert Holmes Herbert ( born Horace Edward Jenner ; 30 July 1882 -- 26 December 1956 ) was an English character actor who appeared in Hollywood films from 1915 to 1952 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "903612d09a56ae94912f4710427f6253", "text": "Muhannad Al Jumaili Muhannad Al Jumaili ( Arabic : مهند الجميلي ; born 19 March 1986 ) , Saudi Arabian actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4676ab0a9e8d886fd2000dcc58aeb1ad", "text": "Ben Chaplin Ben Chaplin ( born Benedict John Greenwood ; 31 July 1969 ) is an English actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2de7b65be5be81cbeea203154b9984d", "text": "Devon Terrell Devon Terrell Currie ( born 23 October 1992 ) , known as Devon Terrell , is an American-Australian actor best known for portraying a young Barack Obama in the 2016 biographical film Barry .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "11442f6c29b62403afec9a93c88dab5b", "text": "Lindsay Lohan Lindsay Dee Lohan ( born July 2 , 1986 ) is an American actress and singer . Lohan began her career as a child fashion model when she was three , and was later featured on the soap opera Another World for a year when she was 10 . At age 11 , Lohan made her motion picture debut in Disney 's commercially and critically successful 1998 remake of The Parent Trap . Her next major motion picture , Disney 's 2003 remake of Freaky Friday , was also a critical and commercial success . With the release of Mean Girls ( 2004 ) , another critical and commercial success , and Disney 's Herbie : Fully Loaded ( 2005 ) , another commercial success , Lohan became a teen idol sensation , a household name and a frequent focus of paparazzi and tabloids . However , Lohan 's next starring role in the romantic comedy Just My Luck ( 2006 ) , received poor reviews and was only a modest commercial success . Following Just My Luck , Lohan focused on smaller , more mature roles in independent movies , receiving positive comments on her work , including A Prairie Home Companion ( 2006 ) , Bobby ( 2006 ) and Chapter 27 ( 2007 ) . After recording several songs for her movie soundtracks , Lohan signed with Casablanca Records . Lohan 's debut studio album , titled Speak , was released in December 2004 and became the first high-seller from Casablanca in several years , selling 1 million copies in the United States alone and peaking at number four on the Billboard 200 . Though the album received mostly lukewarm reviews , it was certified platinum and sold over 4 million copies worldwide . Lohan 's second album , titled A Little More Personal ( Raw ) , was released in December 2005 and featured darker material than her debut had . That album received mixed reviews , and it was certified gold . In 2007 , two driving under the influence incidents led to Lohan being put on probation , and together with three visits to rehabilitation facilities caused the loss of several movie deals . In 2008 and 2009 , Lohan worked as a fashion model and launched the clothing line 6126 . She resumed her acting career with TV work in 2008 , and starred in the TV film Labor Pains ( 2009 ) . She appeared in Robert Rodriguez 's feature film Machete ( 2010 ) . Between 2010 and 2013 , Lohan went into rehabilitation three times , and spent much of her time entangled in legal problems stemming from misdemeanors and probation violations . In 2012 and 2013 , she did further television work , including starring as Elizabeth Taylor in the biographical TV film Liz & Dick ( 2012 ) . In 2013 , she starred in Paul Schrader 's independent film The Canyons . In 2014 , the docu-series Lindsay aired on the Oprah Winfrey Network , and Lohan made her stage debut in the London West End production of Speed-the-Plow .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "455e715c4f05d3549020a743ce519d72", "text": "Kiss (Irish magazine) Kiss ( stylised as KISS ) was an Irish magazine aimed at a teenage market containing knowledge about adolescent matters such as fashion advice , confessions , features on teenage cultural icons , relationship advice and problem pages with solutions especially designed for teenage readers . It is part of the VIP publishing franchise of Michael O'Doherty . Kiss was launched on 31 October 2002 as the first of O'Doherty 's solo business ventures . He had previously engaged in a number of co-ordinated business ventures in Ireland with his former business partner John Ryan ; Kiss succeeded the co-owned establishments of Magill in 1997 and VIP in 1999 and preceded later titles such as the glossy monthly targeted at women in the age group of eighteen to thirty-four Stellar and the failed New York Dog venture in New York City . Kiss is published at 2-4 Ely Place in Dublin 2 . Kiss '' 's rivals are the United Kingdom 's Bliss and Sugar . Upon its launch Kiss was lauded in the Irish media for its attempts to contribute to a more liberal and sexualised Ireland , one where the influence of the Roman Catholic Church had declined dramatically in the preceding decade . Only three decades previously , such teenage-oriented magazines were much more reserved in their content and approach and even the titles , i.e. Jackie and Blue Jeans , were not as outspoken as the word `` kiss '' in capitalised letters . Kiss was launched by O'Doherty 's publishing company as a response to the increasing popularity of similar , albeit British-based , publications such as Bliss and Sugar . It launched on 31 October 2002 , at the original ( much-deflated by current standards ) price of $ 2.50 and aimed at female readers between the ages of fourteen and seventeen . The first issue featured heavily its mantra of dealing with teenage problems , including articles on school bullying and the difficulties of blushing , written in a `` chatty and informative '' manner so as not to `` patronise '' the target audience . However O'Doherty is adamant that his magazine will not encourage young children to `` sleep with their boyfriends by providing How-To-Pleasure-Your-Fella features '' . To supplement its tone Kiss employs experts on what teenagers consider fashionable , with its so-called `` agony aunt '' being Sarah Scully , a child psychologist in Saint James 's Hospital , Dublin . Upon its launch the magazine was edited by Susan Vasquez , now editor of O'Doherty 's Stellar '' . The magazine is currently edited by Nathalie Màrquez Courtney . Kiss published its last issue in September 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fbcc2bdef613a39c3914a59710cad841", "text": "Tana Louise Tana Louise was a burlesque striptease artist , nicknamed the `` Cincinnati Sinner '' , in the 1950s . However , she was more famous as a fetish model . She contributed regularly to the fetish magazine Exotique , as both a columnist and model , she and even married the owner of the magazine , Leonard Burtman . Among the photographers that she worked with was Irving Klaw . In 1950 , she was accused of hitting fellow stripper , Emerald Forrest , over the head with a club . When asked of the charges , Louise responded : `` T'ain ' t so '' . By the late 1950s , her marriage to Burtman had begun to deteriorate , and they divorced . Soon after , she left the magazine and disappeared from the public eye . She was one of the most famous fetish models of her day , but , as time went on , she was overshadowed by her peer , Bettie Page . Louise was sued by Tina Louise for allegedly `` swiping her name and capitalizing on her fame '' . In the 1960s , Tana Louise and burlesque striptease artist Mara Gaye started an exotic bizarre costumes mail order catalog company called `` Tana and Mara '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d16900fed087ee59397c2ce97a7c87c6", "text": "Lindsay Adler Lindsay Adler ( 17 September 1985 ) is an American portrait and fashion photographer based out of Manhattan , New York . Her editorials have appeared in Bullett Magazine , Zink Magazine and Fault . She has contributed to photo publications Professional Photographer , Rangefinder Magazine , and Popular Photography . In May 2010 Adler published her first book , A Linked Photographers ' Guide to Online Marketing and Social Media . Her second book , Fashion Flair for Portrait and Wedding Photography , was named one of Amazon.com 's Best Books of 2011 in Arts & Photography . Adler also speaks and teaches within the photographic community . She was scheduled to speak in 33 cities in 2015 , on her educational tour , Body Beautiful . She has been a contributor on CreativeLIVE and Kelby Training . She is also the co-host of The Framed Network 's series `` The Concept '' ( a series of shows on YouTube ) with fine art photographer Brooke Shaden .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47ba3b7060c55a600a5b51f4261c8695", "text": "Derrick Davenport Derrick Davenport '' ' ( born January 14 , 1978 ) is an American porn male model , best known for being Playgirl '' 's 2006 Man of the Year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7d2811bcdd1968ad5f99f286f4b90eb", "text": "Chloe (actress) Chloe ( born November 14 , 1971 ) is the stage name of an American pornographic actress , nude model and director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5fcf3291af3fddc4f12e6d60167a900c", "text": "Behati Prinsloo Behati Prinsloo ( -LSB- biˈɑːti_ˈprɪnsluː -RSB- ; -LSB- ˈbɛɦati ˈprənslʊə -RSB- ; born 16 May 1989 ) is a Namibian model . In 2008 , she became the first Victoria 's Secret PINK contract model , and moved on to become a Victoria 's Secret Angel in 2009 . She has walked in nine consecutive Victoria 's Secret Fashion Shows ( 2007 , 2008 , 2009 , 2010 , 2011 , 2012 , 2013 , 2014 , and 2015 ) . She has opened two Victoria 's Secret Fashion Shows in a row ( 2014 and 2015 ) . The video of Behati finding out she is opening her second Victoria 's Secret Fashion Show in a row has over one million views on YouTube .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c5b79f1e2d7cf69530cc97ba9883071", "text": "Dina Lohan Donata Melina Nicolette `` Dina '' Lohan ( -LSB- ˈloʊ.ən -RSB- ) Sullivan ( born September 15 , 1962 ) is an American television personality who rose to fame as the mother and manager of actress Lindsay Lohan . She also is mother of Michael Jr. , Aliana and Dakota Lohan", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73b504239bb7b3f83b9c0744ee000bbb", "text": "Seventeen (Japanese magazine) is a monthly Japanese fashion magazine for female teenagers published by Shueisha . Launched in 1967 as a weekly magazine based on the original American Seventeen , the magazine changed the name to SEVENTEEN in 1987 , and to Seventeen in 2008 . Since the late 1990s , Seventeen has been the highest-selling teenage fashion magazine in Japan , and has featured its exclusive teenage models as ST-Mo ( STモ - Seventeen Model ) . Seventeen is very sought after among models ( teenage models ) because being featured on the magazine especially on its cover and certain pages , strongly helps them to get high-quality endorsements and prestigious contracts . Well-known former Seventeen models include Keiko Kitagawa , Nana Eikura , Rie Miyazawa , Anna Tsuchiya , Hinano Yoshikawa , and Emi Suzuki .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4549217682cc57d5dad834ac0ee80fa9", "text": "Sex columnist A sex columnist is a writer of a newspaper or magazine column about sex . Sex advice columns may take the form of essays or , more frequently , answers to questions posed by readers . Sex advice columns can usually be found in alt weekly newspapers , women 's magazines , health or fitness magazines , and student newspapers . While some are written by trained sexologists , many are penned by people lacking credentials in human sexuality and relationships , yet willing to divulge their opinions or personal bedroom antics . The television series Sex and the City protagonist Carrie Bradshaw was a sex columnist , which author Candace Bushnell modeled after herself in her original non-fiction book based on a column of the same name . The show , which first aired in 1998 , is credited with the increase of sex columnists found in college campus newspapers and blogs , such as at Ivy League colleges and many other schools . One such columnist , Meghan Bainum , at the University of Kansas , Lawrence , placed in the 42nd annual William Randolph Hearst Foundation Journalism Awards Program ( 2001 -- 2002 ) for her column . Anka Radakovich was the first of a new breed of sex columnists for whom `` every detail of the writer 's psyche is splayed across the page ... confessional journalism at its most intimate '' . Radakovich had written for the old Details magazine when it was a chronicle of downtown fashion and night life . After James Truman became editor-in-chief and transformed Details into a men 's magazine , he offered Radakovich a column in September 1990 . She became the first modern-day magazine sex columnist working for a mainstream men 's publication .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45862ce58497dab0f65103555c1e8478", "text": "Ugly Models Ugly Models is a London-based alternative modelling agency that specialises in character modelling . Its owner Marc French says it is about `` celebrating everyone 's unique beauty '' . Its major clients include Calvin Klein , Levi 's , Diesel , Vogue , Elle , and Cosmopolitan . Its models have appeared in film series such as Harry Potter , Pirates of the Caribbean and James Bond . Ugly Models are in official partnership with Guinness World Records and represents the world 's tallest man , the world 's most pierced woman and the world 's most tattooed man .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48ecf4aa4801d8852817a44f95d4a497", "text": "Allanah Starr Allanah Starr is an American male-to-female transsexual former pornographic actress . She grew up in Miami , Florida but later relocated to New York City around 1999 . She has described herself as having `` always felt extremely effeminate '' but did not start dressing as a female until after high school , when she attended art school . Her films include Allanah Starr 's Big Boob Adventures , directed by transsexual Gia Darling , which included a pornographic first - a filmed sex scene between a male-to-female transsexual and a female-to-male transsexual ( Buck Angel ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30df1803c1c23b107dad62a152cb50f1", "text": "Daniela Urzi Daniela Urzi ( -LSB- daˈnjela ˈursi -RSB- ; born October 28 , 1975 , San Fernando , Buenos Aires ) is a fashion model from Argentina . She has appeared in fashion campaigns for Armani Jeans , the Giorgio Armani collection , Roberto Cavalli , Burberry , and John Richmond , and has done catalog work for Victoria 's Secret . Her magazine covers include international editions of Vogue and ELLE . Directly from Latin America , a new young man has managed to carve out a prestigious niche in the world of fashion . Daniela Urzi is not only just a girl of study or a body 86-59-86 ( chest , waist , hip ) walking on the catwalk , is a name that is printed on paper and has managed to achieve that throne , within Argentine models only he had Valeria Mazza . But unlike the latter , Daniela flees the look of blond with blue eyes and points to the rage of the moment wearing a brown hair that enhances his blue eyes . This gives it a personal touch that has been captured on the covers of various publications such as Marie Claire ( France ) , Elle ( Spain and Argentina ) , Cosmopolitan ( Argentina ) and Harper 's Bazaar . It has also been the face of brands like Victoria ' s Secret Cortefiel , Silhouette , Mango , Giorgio Armani , Candy , Margaret Astor , La Perla , Burberry , Chanel N ° 5 , Revlon and Triumph . -", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d36ba0c12e496595170fd77cd6594c4", "text": "Andrea Lowell Andrea Lowell ( born 1983 ) is an American actress and model most recognizable from her Playboy magazine nude pictorials and on air work for a variety of Playboy TV programs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4ea09acbb272f5b25f8d328949adc299", "text": "Sinéad Noonan Sinéad Noonan ( born 28 November 1987 ) is an Irish former model and actress who won Miss Ireland 2008 . Noonan was born in Dublin to Peter and Stephanie Noonan , and grew up in Dunboyne , Meath . She attended St. Peter 's College where she excelled in drama , and now holds a First class degree in Speech and Drama , as well as a certificate in Advance Acting , and speaks English , Irish and French fluently . In 2008 , Noonan represented Meath at Miss Ireland in Dublin where judges included music manager Louis Walsh , actor Matt Di Angelo , and former Miss Ireland Pamela Flood , and emerged winner . Her victory enabled her to represent her country at Miss World where she made the top ten in the talent competition . Noonan , who appeared in several plays and short films , cited Halle Berry as her role model , and originally planned to open a Drama school and become an actress , but later launched a modelling career . Represented by Compton Model Agency and Assets , Noonan became the face of Lipsey 's Autumn/Winter 2008 collection and Gillian Hughes hats . In 2009 , Noonan told the Sunday Mirror that she would welcome any offers to pose nude , provided it was tastefully done . Noonan has since retired from modelling , and currently resides in Dubai where she works as an air hostess for Emirates .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "97c35861afbe2e09ffb82b8551f8813c", "text": "Manish Malhotra Manish Malhotra is an Indian fashion designer . Manish Malhotra 's prolific career spanning 27 years has seen him redefine fashion for an entire generation of Indians . From his work with Hindi cinema 's influential leading-ladies to launching his eponymous label in 2005 , Manish Malhotra tells design stories in a language profuse with elegance , ultra-femininity and unapologetic glamour . 2016 was a milestone year for Manish Malhotra as it marked 26 years of his association with Hindi cinema as a designer and stylist and 11 years since the creation of the eponymous label . In 2013 , Manish Malhotra was the first designer to have opened the largest , Indian single-brand couture store sprawled over 9,000 sq.ft in Delhi . The following year , the label marked a turnover of over INR 1 Billion making it one of the first Indian luxury fashion houses to achieve this milestone .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "734234a9581c7912dc8681bd520a6336", "text": "Kokoro Amano , is an AV Idol and glamour model who starred in adult videos between 2001 and 2004 . She worked mainly for Soft On Demand and Moodyz .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1fee72ae7b9514b5ad18b4a4c246c866", "text": "Jackie (magazine) Jackie was a weekly British magazine for girls . The magazine was published by D. C. Thomson & Co. Ltd of Dundee from 11 January 1964 until its closure on 3 July 1993 -- a total of 1534 issues . The name was chosen from a list of girls ' names , although it was nearly dropped due to the association with Jackie Kennedy following her husband 's assassination in 1963 . An urban legend exists that it was named after Jacqueline Wilson who worked there at the time , before she became a notable children 's author . Although the author has attempted to perpetuate this claim , this has been denied by those who were involved in the launch . Ex-RAF Engine Fitter Gordon Small was the first editor . TV critic Nina Myskow was a former editor . Jackie was the best-selling teen magazine in Britain for ten years , with sales rising from an initial 350,000 to 605,947 in 1976 . The best ever selling issue was the 1972 special edition to coincide with the UK tour of American singer David Cassidy . During the 1970s , `` Jackie '' published a mix of fashion and beauty tips , gossip , short stories and comic strips . The latter were usually illustrated with line drawings or posed photographs , especially if the story involved a `` reader 's true life experience '' . Both the comics and the short stories invariably dealt with either romance or family issues . The centre pages of the magazine usually contained a pull-out poster of a popular band or film star . Jackie became very popular with young teenage girls , not least because of the `` Cathy and Claire '' problem page , which received 400 reader letters a week and dealt with controversial issues that were nonetheless relevant to the readership . However , the subjects covered in the column were not reflective of the majority of readers ' letters , which focused on sex-related issues -- DC Thomson as a result kept the editorial brief , but created a series of help leaflets which they sent to letter writers . In 1974 the NHS made the contraceptive pill free on prescription , and so under editor Myskow the magazine introduced a `` Dear Doctor '' column , which covered what were termed as `` below the waist issues '' . Sales declined after the 1970s , and by 1993 circulation had dropped to 50,000 weekly . Deciding not to follow the more sexual and high-fashion orientation of newer teenage magazines , DC Thomson chose to shut the magazine down . It was one of several Thomson papers to close that year . More recently , the company has started issuing every year a historic Jackie annual . BBC Radio invited Jackie Clune to do an epitaph for Jackie and , in 2007 , the BBC produced an hour long programme devoted to the magazine 's 1970s heyday , called Jackie Magazine : A Girl 's Best Friend , with contributions from former readers , writers , staff and publishers . The magazine also inspired a musical .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "895edc76db691eca935e0597be68d93d", "text": "Expecting Models Expecting Models is the first agency of its kind that specializes in providing professional pregnant models and actresses for the fashion and commercial world . Founded in New York City in 2001 by Elliott-Ramirez , a former fashion model herself , Expecting Models represents real moms , their babies and real families . The agency gives models and actresses the opportunity to keep working , but in a different segment of the industry -- enabling talent to work from pregnancy thru post-delivery . Expecting Models , Inc. is a licensed , bonded and SAG franchised agency and has quarters in New York City and Los Angeles . Their fashion clients include Motherswork , Gap , Target , Cadeau , Liz Lange , Nordstrom and Destination Maternity . Additionally , Expecting Models provides with models for print magazines like Fit Pregnancy , Pregnancy & New Born and 9 Plus Bebe Mama Magazine . Expecting Models is also featured in the show `` Runway Moms '' , broadcast on the Discovery Health Channel . In the show , Liza Elliott-Ramirez becomes a maternity expert for her models .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04b138db704e979e20502f8ba2ea9289", "text": "Top Model Top Model or Next Top Model is a fashion-themed reality television show format produced in many countries throughout the world and seen in over 120 countries producing over 200 seasons ( referred to as `` cycles '' ) . The show takes the form of a modeling competition whose winners typically receive a contract with a major modeling agency and a cover shoot and fashion photo spread in a fashion magazine . The format was created by Tyra Banks for the original series , America 's Next Top Model which was first aired in 2003 , produced by Ken Mok 's 10 by 10 Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35ff893268d4267df7fc4c4f84a64947", "text": "Lucie Robinson Lucie Robinson ( born 1978 ) is a portrait , art and fashion photographer . Robinson was born in Jablonec nad Nisou in the former Czechoslovakia into a family with roots in Austria and Imperial Russia . She studied joaillerie in her hometown and design at the Academy of Arts , Architecture and Design ( VSUP ) in Prague . In 1996 she launched a career as a commercial model , moving to Paris in 1998 . She had received formal education covering artistic techniques , but concentrated on the medium of photography and by the early 2000s established herself as a portrait and fashion photographer . She photographed many celebrities and top models including a 2009 publicity campaign for Louis Vuitton featuring Paulina Porizkova , Miloš Forman and Helena Houdová . Her portraits and fashion editorials have been published by Elle , Harper 's Bazaar , Marie Claire , Vision ( China ) , Wig ( UK ) and further fashion and lifestyle magazines in Europe and in Asia . However , Robinson 's uncredited work appeared also in commercial advertisement campaigns for industrial clients like Cadbury , Orange Mobile , T-Mobile and Procter & Gamble . Her work has won various prizes , including the 2006 Cannes Fashion Photography Festival and three consecutive wins ( 2007 -- 2009 ) of the Schwarzkopf Press Awards . In 2008 , a solo exhibition of her work on fashion and architecture was staged in the New York Museum of Arts and Design .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "da1c64580e0fdd4ace78a774429c307a", "text": "Jeff Bezos Jeff Bezos ( -LSB- ˈbeɪzoʊs -RSB- born Jeffrey Preston Jorgensen ; January 12 , 1964 ) is an American technology and retail entrepreneur , investor , and philanthropist who is best known as the founder , chairman , and chief executive officer of Amazon.com , which is the world 's largest online shopping retailer . The company began as an Internet merchant of books and expanded to a wide variety of products and services , most recently video streaming and audio streaming . Amazon.com is currently the world 's largest Internet sales company on the World Wide Web , as well as being the world 's largest provider of cloud infrastructure services , through its Amazon Web Services arm . Bezos 's other diversified business interests include aerospace and newspapers . He is the founder and manufacturer of Blue Origin ( founded in 2000 ) with test flights to space which started in 2015 , and plans for commercial suborbital human spaceflight beginning in 2018 . In 2013 , Bezos purchased The Washington Post newspaper . A number of other business investments are managed through Bezos Expeditions . With an estimated net worth of US$ 82 billion as of May 2017 , Bezos is currently the third-richest person in the world , just behind Bill Gates and Amancio Ortega in first and second places , and just ahead of Warren Buffett in fourth place . His rise to this position occurred after Amazon registered a 67 % jump in share price .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f91850fa155638bdeecf17beedcb701c", "text": "Hester C. Jeffrey Hester C. Whitehurst Jeffrey ( c. 1842 - January 2 , 1934 , also known as Jeffreys or Jeffries ) was an African American activist , suffragist , and community organizer in New York City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1df1fd7999109a869dd5b63f1af7c4c8", "text": "Jay Jordan Robert L. `` Jay '' Jordan ( born 1943 ) is an American business executive who most recently served as president and executive officer of OCLC , an international computer library network and conglomerate of databases and webservices representing more than 70,000 libraries . He served as president of OCLC from 1998 to his retirement in June 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "110ae1cb05d563ba1a6289b3dd52ce81", "text": "Jeff Hatch-Miller Jeff Hatch-Miller served as the Executive Director of the Arizona State Lottery from 2009 to 2015 , the longest term of service of any chief executive officer to date . Under his leadership , Arizona Lottery ticket sales increased by nearly $ 260 million , over 50 % , and the Arizona Lottery ranked in the top 10 nationally for percentage increases in sales each year . Hatch-Miller served on the Arizona Corporation Commission from 2003 until 2009 , and as Chairman during 2005 and 2006 . His leadership as Chairman was a key reason the Arizona Corporation Commission was considered one of the most competent and effective commissions in state history . As a member of the Arizona Corporation Commission , Jeff Hatch-Miller , worked to decrease investment fraud and to increase public awareness of `` investment scams . '' In the Commission 's role as regulator of public utilities ( electricity , water , natural gas , telecommunications ) he led the fight for reliable service , affordable rates , and protection of personal information held by the utility . Before his election to the Corporation Commission in 2002 , Hatch-Miller served in the Arizona House of Representatives for two terms ( 1999 -- 2003 ) , chairing the House Energy , Utilities and Technology Committee . Hatch-Miller was known from his straightforward , inclusionary style of addressing public policy issues . He was honored as national `` Freshman Legislator of the Year 2000 '' by the National Republican Legislators Association . Technologically knowledgeable , Jeff Hatch-Miller led the way to putting Arizona government on the Internet . As a Legislator Hatch-Miller also worked to lower gasoline prices , bringing in petroleum company leaders , energy experts , and gasoline deals to find ways to decrease gasoline prices . He championed efforts in Arizona , and in Washington D.C. , that eventually led to the adoption of the `` Do Not Call List '' , one of the most popular programs offered by government , an important step toward stopping the majority of unwanted telemarketing calls . He lives with his wife , Anita Hatch-Miller , in Scottsdale , Arizona . His son , Mark Hatch-Miller is an attorney in private practice in New York , and his son Robert Hatch-Miller lives and works in New York City as a documentary filmmaker .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87d5ab2faadecaad3b3cee1fbcde7e9e", "text": "The New Ledger The New Ledger commonly referred to as `` Pete '' , is an American web publication which pairs aggregated and ranked news stories with right of center opinion articles by free-market minded moderates , libertarians and conservatives . The site 's slogan is `` Welcome to the Know . '' Launched in February 2009 , the New Ledger 's contributors and editors include Pejman Yousefzadeh , Francis Cianfrocca , Christopher Badeaux , Brad Jackson , Benjamin Kerstein , Ted Bromund , Sean Noble , and Amanda Carpenter , some of whom have individual blogs hosted on the site . It is edited by Ben Domenech , who co-founded the conservative activism site Redstate . TNL , as site commenters call it , is not a political activism site , and occasionally publishes articles by conservative Democrats . According to its mission statement : `` Our goal is to sift through the noise to bring your attention to the news you need and want , in order to better understand the times we live in . '' The Transom section aggregates newswire content , while the `` sorted and ranked for you '' Daily Reads on the site , usually news and blog stories on business and politics , are assigned one to five stars on readability . Articles are typically strongly opposed to President Barack Obama 's domestic and economic policies , particularly criticizing the government takeovers of Chrysler and GM . However , TNL has also published articles supporting Obama 's policies on detainees and the environment , as well as the Supreme Court nomination of Judge Sonia Sotomayor . The New Ledger is frequently featured by the RealClearPolitics network of sites and by the website of CBS News , both of which have republished several of their stories . They are linked regularly by US News and World Report , National Public Radio , National Journal , The Hill , Instapundit , The Root , and throughout the conservative blogosphere . In July 2009 , TNL launched a daily podcast called Coffee & Markets , a roughly 15 minute morning podcast Francis Cianfrocca 's thoughts on Wall Street , economic policy , and other political subjects . The podcast was cross promoted at The Washington Times for some time , and after gaining some popularity , became sponsored by Andrew Breitbart 's BigGovernment blog .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a168371622a730c3d986670e9c08faf9", "text": "John Doerr L. John Doerr ( born June 29 , 1951 ) is an American venture capitalist at Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers in Menlo Park , California , in Silicon Valley . In February 2009 , Doerr was appointed a member of the President 's Economic Recovery Advisory Board to provide the President and his administration with advice and counsel in trying to fix America 's economic downturn . , Forbes ranked Doerr as the 135th richest person in the world , with a net worth of US $ 4.1 billion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ba28ae764be4a0dfdcdecfee2528b6f6", "text": "Jay Whitehead Jay Whitehead ( born April 8 , 1959 ) is an American author and publisher most notable for publishing Corporate Responsibility Officer ( CRO ) magazine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76582fb4247367e493e6dd1f5cada4b1", "text": "Jeffrey Max Jones Jeffrey Max Jones ( April 25 , 1958 , Nuevo Casas Grandes , Chihuahua ) is a Mexican politician . He graduated from Brigham Young University in International Relations in 1982 . He is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ( Mormon ) and the National Action Party ( PAN ) of Mexico since 1995 . He served in the Chamber of Deputies from 1997 to 2000 , representing Chihuahua 's First District . He was then elected as a member of the national Senado de la Republica Senate in the year 2000 , representing the State of Chihuahua . He served as president of the Border Affairs committee and member of the Agriculture and Agrarian Reform committees . His six-year term expired in 2006 since there is no immediate re-election for senators in Mexico . Jones served from 2006 to 2009 as Undersecretary of Agribusiness Development with the SAGARPA ( Secretaría de Agricultura , Ganaderia , Desarollo Rural , Pesca y Alimentación ) and focused on three areas : prospective planning , market development , and finance . Jones was born and grew up in Colonia Dublán , Nuevo Casas Grandes , in northwestern Chihuahua , Mexico , and currently lives , by coincidence , in the birth home of George W. Romney , former Governor of Michigan . Jones is bilingual , fluent in English and Spanish . He is the great-great-great grandson of Daniel Webster Jones , an influential early settler in Utah and the Arizona Territory .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c11fc349d7e845eef98b7b441301f5a3", "text": "Jeff Ballabon Jeff ( Jeffrey ) Ballabon is an American media executive , lobbyist , political advisor and consultant .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "16409bd17a86371ccbed2a5e1e1b8073", "text": "Jacob Ostreicher Jacob Ostreicher ( born February 7 , 1959 ) is an American businessman and investor . In June 2011 , he was arrested in Santa Cruz , Bolivia while overseeing a rice growing agricultural venture that he had invested in , and was jailed for 18 months on suspicion of money laundering , though he was never formally charged . Ostreicher maintained his innocence and stated that the allegations by the Bolivian government were `` the scam of the century '' . His family and friends initiated a public effort to plea for his release , and actor-activist Sean Penn visited Ostreicher in Bolivia and pledged to work for his release . On December 18 , 2012 , Ostreicher was released from prison on $ 14,000 bail and placed under house arrest . Bolivian officials were later arrested for what authorities state was an extortion ring . On December 16 , 2013 , Ostreicher arrived in the United States after 30 months in Bolivia . It was unclear how he managed to flee the country .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "416267fa2229f5ca1bc280f471e2bbbb", "text": "The Family: The Secret Fundamentalism at the Heart of American Power The Family : The Secret Fundamentalism at the Heart of American Power is a 2008 book by American journalist Jeff Sharlet . The book investigates the political power of The Family or The Fellowship , a secretive fundamentalist Christian association led by Douglas Coe . Sharlet has stated that the organization fetishizes power by comparing Jesus to `` Lenin , Ho Chi Minh , Bin Laden '' as examples of leaders who change the world through the strength of the covenants they had forged with their `` brothers '' . It was published by HarperCollins . One year after the book 's initial publication , the sex scandals of prominent members of the Family , Nevada Sen. John Ensign and South Carolina Gov. Mark Sanford , as well as accusations that the Family was illegally subsidizing the rent of members of Congress and involved in the proposed bill which would impose the death penalty for homosexuality in Uganda , thrust the notoriously secretive organisation into the national spotlight .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f2427cee40d90b4ee006ec6dc63a6a23", "text": "Jordan Ritter Jordan Ritter ( born February 1 , 1978 ) is an American serial entrepreneur , software architect and angel investor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a7d224b2582daaaf4ea2b98896b4212", "text": "James Bessen James Bessen ( born 1950 ) is an economist who has been a Lecturer at Boston University School of Law since 2004 , and was previously a software developer and CEO of a software company . Bessen was also a Fellow at the Berkman Center for Internet and Society . Bessen researches the economics of innovation , including patents and economic history . He has written about software patents with Eric Maskin , arguing that they might inhibit innovation rather than stimulate progress . With Michael J. Meurer , he wrote Patent Failure : How Judges , Bureaucrats , and Lawyers Put Innovators at Risk as well as papers on patent trolls . His book Learning by Doing : The Real Connection Between Innovation , Wages , and Wealth argues that major new technologies require new skills and knowledge that are slow and difficult to develop , affecting jobs and wages . Bessen developed the first WYSIWYG desktop publishing program at a community newspaper in Philadelphia in 1983 . He established and ran a company , Bestinfo , to sell that program commercially . In 1993 , Bestinfo was sold to Intergraph .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "10016d12a2f59eab40eaee493ca19dd7", "text": "John Bello John Joseph Bello ( born March 30 , 1946 in New Britain , CT ) is an American entrepreneur best known for creating and building the SoBe brand of New Age beverages .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1dbd6076be3b1fcf11a8974ad37ad42d", "text": "Jeff Cloud (politician) Jeff Cloud is an American Republican politician from the U.S. state of Oklahoma . Jeff Cloud was elected statewide to a six-year term on the Oklahoma Corporation Commission on November 5 , 2002 , and assumed the chairmanship of the Commission in June 2005 . He was re-elected to another six-year term on November 4 , 2008 . However , Cloud resigned from the Commission in October 2011 . Cloud is a member of the Electricity Committee for the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners ( NARUC ) and Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ( FERC ) , Joint Boards on Security Constrained Economic Dispatch , sits on the Advisory Boards for the Center for Public Utilities at New Mexico State University and Oklahoma Water Resources Institute-Water Research . Cloud is also a member of the Legal and Regulatory Committee of the Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission ( IOGCC ) and serves on Oklahoma Employees Retirement System Board of Trustees . The Aspen Institute recently honored Cloud as one of the top young elected officials by naming him as a fellow for the Aspen Institute-Rodel Fellowship which brings together `` the nation 's emerging leaders '' to discuss broad issues of democratic governance and effective public service . Born in Tulsa and raised in Oklahoma City , Cloud earned a degree in Petroleum Land Management from the University of Oklahoma and a juris doctor from the Oklahoma City University School of Law . Cloud is married with three children to his wife , Trish .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8c5d845e35c79356f3ccefc79f53e52", "text": "Nobuzo Tohmatsu was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy in World War II who went on to become an accountant and a namesake of the global auditing firm Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu , today the world 's largest professional services company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c4e02d7ec4b0eb6028bdb182b9a3dfb", "text": "Riley P. Bechtel Riley Peart Bechtel ( CBE ) ( born March 25 , 1952 ) is an American heir and businessman . He serves as the Chairman of the Bechtel Corporation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bcac219d249d8c935b6b325112265adf", "text": "Joe Bevilacqua Joe Bevilacqua ( born January 2 , 1959 ) is an American actor , voice actor , producer , director , author , dramatist , humorist , cartoonist , and documentarian .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8230b809d32f9e51760a649ad9cf6c89", "text": "David Filo David Filo ( born April 20 , 1966 ) is an American businessman and the co-founder of Yahoo! with Jerry Yang . His Filo Server Program , written in the C programming language , was the server-side software used to dynamically serve variable web pages , called Filo Server Pages , on visits to early versions of the Yahoo! website .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d66c3ad927e3cace87a2ca4aa8a4750", "text": "Jeff Shockey Jeffrey Shockey is an American lobbyist and former congressional staffer . He worked for Republican Representative Jerry Lewis until 1999 . In 2011 , he founded the lobbying firm of Shockey Scofield Solutions with John Scofield . In 2014 , Shockey was appointed as staff director of the House Intelligence Committee under incoming Chairman Devin Nunes . In 2016 , Shockey became vice president of federal legislative affairs for Boeing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93d2b8473c79b494c4d70fd8f8b2b68e", "text": "Jeff Berlin Jeffrey Arthur Berlin ( born January 17 , 1953 ) is an American jazz fusion bassist .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "e03e18b9dc3d2298a442b7085231ca08", "text": "Frenemies (film) Frenemies is a 2012 teen comedy-drama television film and anthology based on the novel of the same name by Alexa Young which premiered on Disney Channel . It features an ensemble cast starring Bella Thorne , Zendaya , Stefanie Scott , Nick Robinson , Mary Mouser and features Connor Price , Jascha Washington and Dylan Everett . The film follows three pairs of teenage friends that go from friends to enemies and back again . The film was directed by Daisy Mayer and written by Dava Savel , Wendy Weiner , and Jim Krieg . The Disney Channel Original Movie premiered on January 13 , 2012 in the United States and Canada .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "46712121119902b6998343f3d4a887e1", "text": "Anna Friel Anna Louise Friel ( born 12 July 1976 ) is an English actress . Born in Rochdale , Greater Manchester , England , she has been acting since the age of 13 , appearing in a number of British television programmes . She played Beth Jordache in the Channel 4 soap Brookside , and portrayed the first lesbian kiss in a British soap opera in January 1994 . She made her West End theatre debut in London in 2001 and has subsequently appeared in several productions , including in an adaptation of Breakfast at Tiffany 's and as Yelena in a 2012 production of Chekhov 's Uncle Vanya . Friel made her film debut in 1998 in David Leland 's Land Girls and has since made a number of films such as A Midsummer Night 's Dream ( 1999 ) , Timeline ( 2003 ) , Land of the Lost ( 2009 ) and Limitless ( 2011 ) . Outside of film , she played the role of Charlotte `` Chuck '' Charles in the ABC comedy series Pushing Daisies , for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award in 2008 . She is the recipient of a number of awards , including National Television Award ( 1995 ) , Drama Desk Award ( 1999 ) , and the Royal Television Society Award ( 2009 ) . She has also appeared in music videos and television and print media advertising campaigns and is the recipient of an honorary degree from the University of Bolton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fddff19ac1068b5226e0b5f2075a65cf", "text": "List of teen films Teen film is a film genre targeted at teenagers and young adults in which the plot is based upon the special interests of teenagers and young adults , such as coming of age , first love , rebellion , conflict with parents , teen angst , and alienation . Some of these films are targeted at adults as well as teenagers . Teen films have been a trope of the cinema industry for decades since the 1950s . At this time , the film industry saw a greater market for teens with more disposable income and therefore more money to spend on leisure activities , largely going to films . Because of the boom in teen viewers , drive-in movie theaters were also very popular . However , even the silent era had teen films . Recently , online streaming services such as Netflix have created a resurgence in the `` tween '' and teenage-oriented film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c69bd1b370f8b6f7b029701f3974464", "text": "Pet (film) Pet is an American/Spanish psychological thriller film written by Jeremy Slater , directed by Carles Torrens , and starring Dominic Monaghan , Ksenia Solo , Jennette McCurdy , and Nathan Parsons . The film premiered at South by Southwest on March 11 , 2016 and was released to theaters on December 2 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64ac3e6c36e40adb621cb905311ce915", "text": "Adulting #Adulting is an American comedy-drama web series created by and starring Ben Baur and Thandi Tolmay . It follows two friends , Max and Faye , who are nearing 30 and have yet to put their lives in order . After producing two episodes and launching them on YouTube , Baur and Tolmay funded the production of four more through a May 2016 Kickstarter crowdfunding campaign that raised nearly US $ 19K .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "537810df2ddbb51253f70398e37c9136", "text": "Angélique (film) Angélique is a 2013 French costume drama and adventure film loosely based on the novel Angélique , the Marquise of the Angels by Anne Golon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18351ecefe13bdd11c97388a87600f40", "text": "Adam Elliot Adam Elliot ( born 2 January 1972 in Berwick , Victoria , Australia ) is an independent Australian stop-motion animation writer , director and producer based in Melbourne , Australia . His five films have collectively participated in over seven hundred film festivals and have received over one hundred awards , including an Academy Award for Harvie Krumpet and five Annecy Cristals . Elliot calls himself an auteur filmmaker and each of his films have a bittersweet nature to them . He does not engage with commercial work and works exclusively on his own film projects . Based loosely on his family and friends , Elliot calls each of his works a Clayography -- clay animated biography . Each film takes up to five years to complete . He is noted for his use of traditional ` in-camera ' techniques , which means every prop set and character is a ` real ' miniature handcrafted object . Elliot does not use digital additions or computer generated imagery to enhance his visual aesthetic . His company , Adam Elliot Clayographies , produce the films and Elliot 's work practices adhere to the French auteur methodology . Each film has been voiced by notable actors including , Philip Seymour Hoffman , Toni Collette , Geoffrey Rush , Eric Bana , William McInnes , Barry Humphries and John Flaus . Elliot is also a voting member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences and in 1999 was awarded The Young Achiever of the Year for Victoria .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e946a568b30ff0ba85f52fad338f29ea", "text": "Jennifer Young Jennifer Young ( born August 21 , 1969 ) is an American film producer and photographer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58bcb20617bd9f741fdb08fc7407449b", "text": "Hounds of Love (film) Hounds of Love ( also known as Love Hunters in some markets ) is a 2016 Australian crime-thriller film written and directed by Ben Young , as his feature film debut . It was entered in the Venice Days competition at the 73rd edition of the Venice Film Festival , in which Ashleigh Cummings was awarded Fedeora Award for best actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7475f1c1c3e14ca163f5e98378ca4a17", "text": "The Haters (2015 film) The Haters is an upcoming Armenian teen comedy-drama film directed by Annie Amirjanian and produced by Buddy Pictures . It will star Elmira Harutyunyan , Mary Stepanyan and Marianna Mkhchyan . The film is written by Annie Amirjanian and Elmira Harutyunyan . It is set to be released on August 1 , 2015 by Buddy Pictures . Annie Amirjanian and Elmira Harutyunyan are the co-authors of the project .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f1a521180d6009ede942d364b9c8baa", "text": "Wannabe (film) Wannabe is a 2005 comedy film starring Craig Robert Young , Adam Huss , Anna Becker and Elizabeth Warner . It was written and produced by Young and Richard Keith and directed by Keith .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5000e8b46f349091518571db5fc6704", "text": "Courtney Love Courtney Michelle Love ( born Courtney Michelle Harrison ; born July 9 , 1964 ) is an American singer , actress , writer , and visual artist . Prolific in the punk and grunge scenes of the 1990s , Love has enjoyed a career that spans four decades . She rose to prominence as the frontwoman of the alternative rock band Hole , which she formed in 1989 . Love has drawn public attention for her uninhibited live performances and confrontational lyrics , as well as her highly publicized personal life following her marriage to Kurt Cobain . The daughter of Hank Harrison and psychotherapist Linda Carroll , Love had an itinerant early life . She spent her formative years in San Francisco and Portland , Oregon , where she was in a series of short-lived bands before being cast in two films by British director Alex Cox . After forming Hole in 1989 , she received substantial attention from underground rock press for the group 's debut album , produced by Kim Gordon . Hole 's second release , Live Through This ( 1994 ) , gave her high-profile renown with critical accolades and multi-platinum sales . In 1995 , Love returned to acting , earning a Golden Globe Award nomination for her performance as Althea Leasure in Miloš Forman 's The People vs. Larry Flynt ( 1996 ) , which established her as a mainstream actress . The following year , she saw further mainstream success with the release of Hole 's third album , Celebrity Skin ( 1998 ) , which was nominated for multiple Grammy Awards . Love continued to work as an actress into the early 2000s , appearing in big-budget pictures such as Man on the Moon ( 1999 ) and Trapped ( 2002 ) , before releasing her first solo album , America 's Sweetheart , in 2004 . The next few years were marked by publicity surrounding Love 's legal troubles and drug addiction , which resulted in a mandatory lockdown rehabilitation sentence in 2005 while she was in the process of writing a second planned solo album . That project became Nobody 's Daughter , which was released in 2010 as a Hole album but without any other members of the original lineup . Between 2014 and 2015 , she released two solo singles and returned to acting in the network series Sons of Anarchy and Empire . Love has also had endeavors in writing , co-creating and co-authoring three volumes of a manga , Princess Ai , between 2004 and 2006 , as well as a memoir , Dirty Blonde : The Diaries of Courtney Love ( 2006 ) . In 2012 , she premiered an exhibit of mixed media visual art titled And She 's Not Even Pretty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12ed01cfca43018e6838521bf96aff3f", "text": "Mr. Saturday Night Mr. Saturday Night is a 1992 American comedy-drama film that marks the directorial debut of its star , Billy Crystal . It focuses on the rise and fall of Buddy Young Jr. , a stand-up comedian . Crystal produced and co-wrote the screenplay with the writing duo Babaloo Mandel and Lowell Ganz . It was filmed from November 1991 to March 1992 and released on September 23 , 1992 , by Columbia Pictures . Co-star David Paymer received an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor . The opening title sequence was designed by Elaine and Saul Bass . The film is based on the Saturday Night Live Weekend Update sketch in which Billy Crystal plays Buddy Young Jr. reviewing a restaurant he went to .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53adfd845d2f64728dbb43af67e827db", "text": "Ali's Wedding Ali 's Wedding is an upcoming 2017 Australian romantic comedy feature film from Matchbox Pictures . It is directed by Jeffrey Walker and written by Osamah Sami and Andrew Knight .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2395923740dcc1ab2e1e610d7926da38", "text": "Youth in Oregon Youth in Oregon is a 2016 American comedy-drama film directed by Joel David Moore . The film stars Frank Langella , Billy Crudup , Christina Applegate , Nicola Peltz , Mary Kay Place , and Josh Lucas . The film had its world premiere at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 16 , 2016 . The film was released in theaters on February 3 , 2017 , by Orion Pictures and Samuel Goldwyn Films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2520f55b63dc5a64274ca976c7325c1d", "text": "Good Morning Baby Good Morning Baby is a short film starring Piper Perabo and is based on a non-fiction piece by Courtney Lochner .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3631d09271008796d65f4024c57331d5", "text": "About Adam About Adam is a 2000 romantic comedy film written and directed by Gerard Stembridge . The screenplay focuses on the effect a seductive young man has on four siblings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "576767220a7a7999fa05b01cd54cab43", "text": "Aloha (film) Aloha is a 2015 American romantic comedy-drama film written , produced and directed by Cameron Crowe . The film , starring Bradley Cooper , Emma Stone , Rachel McAdams , Bill Murray , John Krasinski , Danny McBride , and Alec Baldwin , was released on May 29 , 2015 . The film received negative reviews from critics , and has grossed only $ 26 million against a budget of $ 37 million , making the film a box office bomb .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "95b1a6e0d7d4bae562f6325d504add3f", "text": "The Fanatics (film) The Fanatics ( also known as Fumbleheads ) is a comedy movie , released in 1999 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "125ebf827c27687caea65815ca9d7f93", "text": "Malcolm (film) Malcolm is a 1986 Australian cult film comedy , written by the husband-and-wife team of David Parker and Nadia Tass , and directed by Nadia Tass ( who made her debut as a feature director on this film ) . The film stars Colin Friels as Malcolm , a tram enthusiast who becomes involved with a pair of would-be bank robbers . His co-stars are Lindy Davies and John Hargreaves . The film won the 1986 Australian Film Institute Award for Best Film , and seven other AFI awards including Best Script and Best Director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2b00315ad6486f7668e49888e0b1a39", "text": "There's Something About Mary There 's Something About Mary is a 1998 American romantic comedy film directed by Bobby and Peter Farrelly . It stars Cameron Diaz as the title character with Ben Stiller , Chris Elliott , and Matt Dillon all playing men who are in love with her and vying for her affections . The film was placed 27th in the American Film Institute 's 100 Years , 100 Laughs : America 's Funniest Movies , a list of the 100 funniest movies of the 20th century . In 2000 , readers of Total Film magazine voted it the fourth-greatest comedy film of all time . Diaz won a New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress , an MTV Movie Award for Best Performance , an American Comedy Award for Best Actress , a Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Best Actress . She also received a Golden Globe nomination for her performance . It was also nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy . It won 4 out of 8 MTV Movie Awards , including Best Movie .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d7ba8e1a6bcfe9740df3a07e718275fd", "text": "Samuel Witwer Samuel Stewart `` Sam '' Witwer ( born October 20 , 1977 ) is an American actor and musician . He has portrayed Crashdown in Battlestar Galactica , Davis Bloome in Smallville , and vampire Aidan Waite of the US/Canadian remake of BBC 's supernatural drama series Being Human on Syfy in the US and Space in Canada . He also voiced protagonist Galen Marek/Starkiller in the multimedia project Star Wars : The Force Unleashed , as well as The Son and Darth Maul in Cartoon Network 's Star Wars : The Clone Wars and Emperor Palpatine as well as Maul in Disney XD 's Star Wars Rebels .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "62710b06a2233a1daa64ac0db3884724", "text": "John Hewer John Hewer ( 13 January 1922 -- 16 March 2008 ) was an English actor and manager . He was born in Leyton , London .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a72142050c9fd269615eb434fa11e9a1", "text": "James Wilby James Jonathon Wilby ( born 20 February 1958 ) is an English film , television and theatre actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "13e7af338ce948e83f3e0645ef6e2327", "text": "Antony Sher Sir Antony Sher , KBE ( born 14 June 1949 ) is an English actor of South African origin , a two-time Laurence Olivier Award winner and four-time nominee . He joined the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1982 and toured in many roles , as well as appearing on film and TV , and working as a writer and theatre director . In 2001 , he starred in his cousin Ronald Harwood 's play Mahler 's Conversion , and said that the story of a composer sacrificing his faith for his career echoed his own identity struggles . Sher and his partner and collaborator Gregory Doran became one of the first gay couples to enter into a civil partnership in the UK .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5c53db67b4fc17ab2c1a5797f45db20", "text": "Ludwig Satz Ludwig Satz ( 18 February 1891 -- 31 August 1944 ) was an actor in Yiddish theater and film , best known for his comic roles . A 1925 New York Times article singles him out as the greatest Yiddish comic actor of the time . He was born in Lemberg ( Lwów ) , Austria-Hungary ( now Lviv , Ukraine ) . At the age of 18 he formed his own theater company in Galicia ; he emigrated to the U.S. in 1912 . Satz played the male lead in the 1931 film His Wife 's Lover ( Zayn Vaybs Lubovnik ) , which was billed as the `` first Jewish musical comedy talking picture '' . He also played on Broadway , one of his more noted roles being Abe Potash in the 1926 Potash and Perlmuter of A. H. Woods . He starred in A Galitsianer Khasene ( A wedding in Galitsia ) ( music by Herman Wohl , lyrics Boris Rozenthal ) with Zina Goldstein and in Ven di zun geyt oyf ( Sunrise ) with Ola Lilith . His last role was in The Golden Land at the Public Theatre in 1943 . He died in New York City in 1944 survived by his widow , Lillie ; three daughters ( Celia , Mimi , and Frances ) ; two brothers , Alexander and Eli , `` an actor known professionally as Eli Mintz . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa643cbc5903ce20e90f52d7b779245e", "text": "Essay of Dramatick Poesie Essay of Dramatic Poesy by John Dryden was published in 1668 . It was probably written during the plague year of 1666 . Dryden takes up the subject that Philip Sidney had set forth in his Defence of Poesie ( 1580 ) and attempts to justify drama as a legitimate form of `` poetry '' comparable to the epic , as well as defend English drama against that of the ancients and the French . The treatise is a dialogue between four speakers : Eugenius , Crites , Lisideius , and Neander . The four speakers represented , respectively Charles Sackville ( Lord Buchhurst and later sixth Earl of Dorset ) , Sir Robert Howard -LSB- playwright and Dryden 's brother-in-law -RSB- , Sir Charles Sedley ( Edward Malone identified him as Lisideius ) and Dryden himself ( neander means `` new man '' and implies that Dryden , as a respected member of the gentry class , is entitled to join in this dialogue on an equal footing with the three older men who are his social superiors ) . On the day that the English fleet encounters the Dutch at sea near the mouth of the Thames , the four friends take a barge downriver towards the noise from the battle . Rightly concluding , as the noise subsides , that the English have triumphed , they order the bargeman to row them back upriver as they begin a dialogue on the advances made by modern civilization . They agree to measure progress by comparing ancient arts with modern , focusing specifically on the art of drama ( or `` dramatic poesy '' ) . The four men debate a series of three topics : ( 1 ) the relative merit of classical drama ( upheld by Crites ) vs. modern drama ( championed by Eugenius ) ; ( 2 ) whether French drama , as Lisideius maintains , is better than English drama ( supported by Neander , who famously calls Shakespeare `` the greatest soul , ancient or modern '' ) ; and ( 3 ) whether plays in rhyme are an improvement upon blank verse drama -- a proposition that Neander , despite having defended the Elizabethans , now advances against the skeptical Crites ( who also switches from his original position and defends the blank verse tradition of Elizabethan drama ) . Invoking the so-called unities from Aristotle 's Poetics ( as interpreted by Italian and refined by French scholars over the last century ) , the four speakers discuss what makes a play `` a just and lively imitation '' of human nature in action . This definition of a play , supplied by Lisideius/Orrery ( whose rhymed plays had dazzled the court and were a model for the new drama ) , gives the debaters a versatile and richly ambiguous touchstone . To Crites ' argument that the plots of classical drama are more `` just , '' Eugenius can retort that modern plots are more `` lively '' thanks to their variety . Lisideius shows that the French plots carefully preserve Aristotle 's unities of action , place , and time ; Neander replies that English dramatists like Ben Jonson also kept the unities when they wanted to , but that they preferred to develop character and motive . Even Neander 's final argument with Crites over whether rhyme is suitable in drama depends on Aristotle 's Poetics : Neander says that Aristotle demands a verbally artful ( `` lively '' ) imitation of nature , while Crites thinks that dramatic imitation ceases to be `` just '' when it departs from ordinary speech -- i.e. prose or blank verse . A year later , the two brothers-in-law quarreled publicly over this third topic . See Dryden 's `` Defense of An Essay of Dramatic Poesy '' ( 1669 ) , where Dryden tries to persuade the rather literal-minded Howard that audiences expect a play to be an imitation of nature , not a surrogate for nature itself .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45f30ee68ec15c6b70f83103f4839676", "text": "Wes Brown (actor) James Wesley `` Wes '' Brown ( born January 26 , 1982 ) is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "971e055df4d5ded0581123c9a029745f", "text": "Simon Armstrong Simon Armstrong is a Welsh actor from Llanelli .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c4231fa9846e54af5255be5a269e090", "text": "Pembroke's Men The Earl of Pembroke 's Men was an Elizabethan era playing company , or troupe of actors , in English Renaissance theatre . They functioned under the patronage of Henry Herbert , 2nd Earl of Pembroke . Early and equivocal mentions of a Pembroke 's company reach as far back as 1575 ; but the company is known for certain to have been in existence in 1592 . In that year , a share in the company was valued at # 80 ( more than William Shakespeare would pay for New Place in Stratford-upon-Avon five years later ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e36c8ce648c7160170659861b818724", "text": "Max Simonischek Maximilian Simonischek is an actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1da189226c838b1340f1dfe9e3b07250", "text": "Robert Hardy Timothy Sydney Robert Hardy , CBE , FSA ( born 29 October 1925 ) is an English actor with a long career in the theatre , film and television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c844f888c3d9d5ae63865855e0399e8b", "text": "Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead , often referred to as just Rosencrantz and Guildenstern , is an absurdist , existentialist tragicomedy by Tom Stoppard , first staged at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe in 1966 . The play expands upon the exploits of two minor characters from Shakespeare 's Hamlet , the courtiers Rosencrantz and Guildenstern . The action of Stoppard 's play takes place mainly `` in the wings '' of Shakespeare 's , with brief appearances of major characters from Hamlet who enact fragments of the original 's scenes . Between these episodes the two protagonists voice their confusion at the progress of events occurring onstage without them in Hamlet , of which they have no direct knowledge . Comparisons have also been drawn with Samuel Beckett 's Waiting for Godot , for the presence of two central characters who almost appear to be two halves of a single character . Many plot features are similar as well : the characters pass time by playing Questions , impersonating other characters , and interrupting each other or remaining silent for long periods of time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d4d67550f96b4879c2db2c62679417b", "text": "Sam Golzari Sam Golzari ( سام گلزاری born 12 July 1979 ) is a British actor of Iranian descent active in the United States . He is known for his debut role in American Dreamz . Golzari was born in Hammersmith , London , England , to parents of Persian origin . He received his BA from UCLA in 2003 , where he worked in the Conservatory Acting Program . Golzari got his start at the age of four as a Michael Jackson impersonator . Besides his work at UCLA , Golzari has also been a lab member of the Latino Theater Company under Jose Luis Valenzuela . Golzari 's plans were to stay in the theater , but while at college he started working on student films . It was there that he began to find a love for the craft of filmmaking . His short film The Break won an award for the `` best ensemble cast '' at the Method Fest film festival . After this , he got his TV debut when the Showtime network aired his film The Invisible Man , directed by UCLA film student Angela Mrema . After college graduation , Golzari landed the first Hollywood film for which he auditioned , American Dreamz . In the film he stars alongside Hugh Grant , Mandy Moore and Dennis Quaid . Since that film , he plays the role of Kameron in the film 21 alongside Jim Sturgess and Kevin Spacey . He has also worked with Tony Shalhoub on the film AmericanEast , as well as an all-improv mockumentary , Juan Francis : Live , produced by Norman Lear . Golzari is also a founding member of the LA-based band the Elevaters , who have released a self-titled EP as well as a full-length album entitled `` Rising . '' He has also appeared in 2016 American film , Jimmy Vestvood : Amerikan Hero .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "63436afcb5e4288d1198079cc1b8b72d", "text": "Felix Aylmer Sir Felix Edward Aylmer Jones , OBE ( 21 February 1889 -- 2 September 1979 ) , known as Felix Aylmer , was an English stage actor who also appeared in the cinema and on television . Aylmer made appearances in films with comedians such as Will Hay and George Formby .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d6676523b27fabb0b361a6d64318e57", "text": "Samuels Samuels is a surname . Notable people with the surname include : Andrew Samuels , Jungian psychologist Arthur Warren Samuels , Irish politician Chris Samuels , American football player Dale Samuels , American football player Dave Samuels , American musician David Samuels ( political scientist ) , political science professor David Samuels ( EastEnders ) , fictional character in BBC TV soap opera EastEnders David Samuels ( writer ) ( born 1967 ) , American author Dover Samuels , New Zealand politician Ernest Samuels , American biographer Giovonnie Samuels , American actress Gordon Samuels , Australian politician Howard J. Samuels , American politician Jamar Samuels ( born 1989 ) , American basketball player for Bnei Herzliya of the Israeli Basketball Premier League Joel Samuels , fictional character John Samuels , American actor Lawrence Samuels , arena football player Lesser Samuels , screenwriter Lynn Samuels , radio host Marlon Samuels , cricketer Maxwell Samuels , Belizean politician Moss Turner-Samuels , UK politician Robert Samuels , cricketer Ron Samuels , film producer Samardo Samuels ( born 1989 ) , Jamaican basketball player Theo Samuels , South African rugby union player Tony Samuels , American football player Warren Samuels , economist and historian of economic thought", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57ed520d1fa0b3e975e9c635fb691b08", "text": "Three Days (of Hamlet) Three Days ( of Hamlet ) is an American documentary film from independent production company TMG , The Martindale Group , based in Los Angeles , California . TMG previously produced `` Pursuit of Happiness '' in 2000 starring Frank Whaley and Annabeth Gish . Three Days ( of Hamlet ) covers a troupe of actors , and others , who gather to rehearse and perform a staged-reading of William Shakespeare 's Tragedy of Hamlet at the Matrix Theatre in West Hollywood , California during three days in July 2010 . Reality intrudes . Alex Rotaru , Director of the documentary film Shakespeare High , in a personal message to the film 's creator , actor/director Alex Hyde-White , says about Three Days ( of Hamlet ) ' ... jaw-droppingly ambitious and often brilliant ... It was such an exquisite pleasure to learn something new about the play of all plays through your eyes . The pressure cooker in which you put yourself and your fellow actors was truly an ultimate test - I felt butterflies in my stomach just watching it . If Hamlet urges his actors to `` hold a mirror up to nature '' , you hold a mirror up to the mirror itself , doing what the French call ` mise en abime ' , or loosely : ` looking into the abyss of infinite reflections ' The film builds on its main structure of on-stage happenings by juxtaposing stories from the players , including actors Richard Chamberlain ( Polonius ) , Stefanie Powers ( Gertrude ) , Tom Badal ( Claudius ) , Peter Woodward ( Laertes/Player King ) and Joseph Culp ( Himself ) . The lead actor/manager Alex Hyde-White weaves his own personal dramatic narrative about `` Fathers and Sons '' as he recalls stories from his childhood as the son of the well-known British actor Wilfrid Hyde-White . At times , particularly when the character of Hamlet experiences the visitations from his father 's ghost , King Hamlet , the line of what is theatre and what is real life is purposely `` deconstructed '' and what happens onstage is commented on offstage resulting in a self-reflective dynamic of sometimes very powerful and moving proportions . Later , as the Son becomes the Father , a clear line of succession emerges in a profound , archetypal , way .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93e7c6f7cd985089043d7fa9471c65d1", "text": "Samuel Łaszcz Samuel Łaszcz , Prawdzic Coat of Arms ( 1588 -- 1649 ) , famous nobleman in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth , Starosta of Owrucz , Crown Grand Standard-bearer , Crown Great Guard ( praefectus excubiarum seu vigiliarum ) , military commander and zagończyk ( brave raider ) , infarmis ( infamia ) and outlaw , with family estate in Łaszczów . He was famous for his wit and quick smile , and allegedly introduced special men 's haircut .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c00e3902752c111092a08d41658014a", "text": "Gower Champion Gower Carlyle Champion ( June 22 , 1919 -- August 25 , 1980 ) was an American actor , theatre director , choreographer , and dancer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a693faeb706852f1b4f770c06f78d84", "text": "Samuel Brandram Samuel Brandram ( 1824 -- 1892 ) was an English barrister , known for his later career as a professional reciter of drama .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b11235cce795e029d9f2e96941b7ebdd", "text": "The Jew (play) The Jew is a comedy written by playwright Richard Cumberland and first presented at the Drury Lane Theatre in London in May 1794 . The play is notable as the first play in the English theatre to portray a Jewish moneylender as the hero of a stage production . An adaptation of the original play along with a facsimile copy of The Jew was published in 2012 as Sheva , the Benevolent . The anti-Jewish tradition on the English stage dates back at least to the expulsion of the Jews from England in 1290 and is exemplified by the characters of Shylock in William Shakespeare 's The Merchant of Venice and Barabas in Christopher Marlowe 's The Jew of Malta . In a series of articles called Observer , first published in 1785 , Cumberland created a character named Abraham Abrahams who would later serve as a template for Sheva , the title character in The Jew . In one instalment of Observer , Abrahams is quoted as saying , `` I verily believe the odious character of Shylock has brought little less persecution upon us , poor scattered sons of Abraham , than the Inquisition itself . '' A decade later , in writing The Jew , Cumberland sought to create a positive image of a Jewish man that would counteract centuries of anti-Semitic portraits . The tremendous success of the initial production prompted Cumberland to later write , `` The benevolence of the audience assisted me in rescuing a forlorn and persecuted character , which till then had only been brought upon the stage for the unmanly purpose of being made a spectacle of contempt , and a butt for ridicule . In the success of this comedy I felt of course a greater gratification , than I had ever felt upon a like occasion . '' Shortly after its London premiere , the play began to be performed in the United States , first in Boston , Philadelphia , and New York City and , later , in Richmond , Charleston , and many other cities and towns . The play was also translated into numerous languages including German , French , Hebrew , Yiddish , and Russian . The last known New York production under its original title was presented at the Bronx Free Synagogue in 1919 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d698ed9bc14db99bc46568a252539259", "text": "Will Smith Willard Carroll Smith Jr. ( born September 15 , 1968 ) is an American actor , producer , rapper , and songwriter . In April 2007 , Newsweek called him `` the most powerful actor in Hollywood '' . Smith has been nominated for five Golden Globe Awards and two Academy Awards , and has won four Grammy Awards . In the late 1980s , Smith achieved modest fame as a rapper under the name The Fresh Prince . In 1990 , his popularity increased dramatically when he starred in the popular NBC television series The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air , which ran for six seasons until 1996 . After the series ended , Smith transitioned from television to film , and has gone on to star in numerous blockbuster films . He is the only actor to have eight consecutive films gross over $ 100 million in the domestic box office , eleven consecutive films gross over $ 150 million internationally , and eight consecutive films in which he starred open at the number one spot in the domestic box office tally . Smith has been ranked as the most bankable star worldwide by Forbes . As of 2014 , 17 of the 21 films in which he has had leading roles have accumulated worldwide gross earnings of over $ 100 million each , five taking in over $ 500 million each in global box office receipts . As of 2016 , his films have grossed $ 7.5 billion at the global box office . For his performances as boxer Muhammad Ali in Ali ( 2001 ) and stockbroker Chris Gardner in The Pursuit of Happyness ( 2006 ) , Smith received nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actor .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "56a1663dc69781dffd6bb8009466db6a", "text": "Oliver Reed Robert Oliver Reed ( 13 February 1938 -- 2 May 1999 ) was an English actor known for his upper-class , macho image , hellraiser lifestyle , and `` tough guy '' roles . Notable films include The Trap ( 1966 ) , Oliver ! ( 1968 ) , Women in Love ( 1969 ) , Hannibal Brooks ( 1969 ) , The Devils ( 1971 ) , The Three Musketeers ( 1973 ) , Tommy ( 1975 ) , Lion of the Desert ( 1981 ) , Castaway ( 1986 ) , The Adventures of Baron Munchausen ( 1988 ) and Funny Bones ( 1995 ) . For Gladiator ( 2000 ) , his final film , Reed was posthumously nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role . At the peak of his career , in 1971 , British exhibitors voted Reed 5th most popular star at the box office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6718f4de40c61e6b039e4131a5d1f72c", "text": "Lion of the Desert Lion of the Desert is a 1981 Libyan historical action film starring Anthony Quinn as Libyan tribal leader Omar Mukhtar , a Bedouin leader fighting the Regio Esercito ( Italian Royal Army ) in the years leading up to World War II , and Oliver Reed as Italian General Rodolfo Graziani , who attempted to defeat Mukhtar . It was directed by Moustapha Akkad and funded by the government under Colonel Muammar Gaddafi . Released in May 1981 , the film was liked by critics and audiences but performed poorly financially , bringing in just $ 1 million net worldwide . . The film was banned in Italy in 1982 and was only shown on pay TV in 2009 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "84e507fd69a4b141fbf07d6ef5237ec1", "text": "The Stunt Man The Stunt Man is a 1980 American film directed by Richard Rush , starring Peter O'Toole , Steve Railsback , and Barbara Hershey . The movie was adapted by Lawrence B. Marcus and Rush from the 1970 novel of the same name by Paul Brodeur . It tells the story of a young fugitive who hides as a stunt double on the set of an anti-war movie whose charismatic director will do seemingly anything for the sake of his art . It was nominated for three Academy Awards : Best Actor in a Leading Role ( Peter O'Toole ) , Best Director ( Richard Rush ) , and Best Writing , Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium . However , due to its limited release , it never earned much attention from US audiences at large . As O'Toole remarked in a DVD audio commentary , `` The film was n't released , it escaped . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ebb2767f1fd27cca9bfd5e73ac2228c", "text": "The Gong Show Movie The Gong Show Movie is a 1980 American comedy film starring , written and directed by Chuck Barris .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a3f7ad911683d0c2f82deea401430db9", "text": "Mojado Power Mojado Power ( El mojado remojado ) is a 1981 Mexican comedy film directed by and starring Alfonso Arau . The film was selected as the Mexican entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 54th Academy Awards , but was not accepted as a nominee .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1cdb2043dcd0f5830014a5fc60d01790", "text": "Yesterday (1981 film) Yesterday ( aka . The Victory ) is a 1981 film directed by Larry Kent ( as Lawrence I. Kent ) , starring Vincent Van Patten and Claire Pimparé . It is a love story of a young soldier maimed in Vietnam , who allows his former girlfriend to believe he 's dead to spare her anguish .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a3950c23962974989d2934a7fddcbd7", "text": "My Favorite Year My Favorite Year is a 1982 American comedy film written by Dennis Palumbo and Norman Steinberg , and directed by Richard Benjamin , which tells the story of a young comedy writer . It stars Peter O'Toole , Mark Linn-Baker , Jessica Harper , and Joseph Bologna . O'Toole was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor . The film was adapted into an unsuccessful 1992 Broadway musical of the same name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "865051435edf6e85b04f5f4052010ee5", "text": "Rollover (film) Rollover is a 1981 American political thriller film directed by Alan J. Pakula and starring Jane Fonda and Kris Kristofferson . The film was nominated for a Razzie Awards for Worst Actor for Kristofferson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2ffa7889c140058e4dd90f3cc96b47b", "text": "Your Ticket Is No Longer Valid Your Ticket is No Longer Valid is a 1981 Canadian film starring Richard Harris . Harris later regarded the movie as one of the biggest artistic disappointments of his career .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44f7b49a3a9044aa5586cdfa3de12252", "text": "Max Dugan Returns Max Dugan Returns is a 1983 American comedy-drama film starring Jason Robards as Max Dugan , Marsha Mason as his daughter Nora , Donald Sutherland , Kiefer Sutherland , and Matthew Broderick , the latter two actors each in their first film appearances . This would be the last Neil Simon film to be directed by Herbert Ross , as well as the last of his films starring Mason ( Simon 's wife at the time ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "290af8eb678daf2fe7981da8eca8c332", "text": "Underground Aces Underground Aces is a 1981 film directed by Robert Butler . It stars Dirk Benedict and Melanie Griffith .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1307dfb0753c083c8e2a7441f2bffad6", "text": "An Eye for an Eye (1981 film) An Eye for an Eye is a 1981 American action film directed by Steve Carver , and starring Chuck Norris , Christopher Lee , Richard Roundtree , Matt Clark , Mako Iwamatsu , and Maggie Cooper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ffc0179e7ebe2c67ac9e5b0e69338a50", "text": "Security Unlimited Security Unlimited is a 1981 Hong Kong comedy film directed by and starring Michael Hui and co-starring his brothers Samuel Hui and Ricky Hui , who are known as the Hui Brothers . Michael Hui was awarded Best Actor at the 1st Hong Kong Film Awards , making him the first ever recipient for the award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c13195d0f47d5d5740169f32f0768f7c", "text": "Oliver Twist (1985 TV serial) Oliver Twist is a 1985 BBC TV serial . It was directed by Gareth Davies , and adapted by Alexander Baron from the novel by Charles Dickens . It follows the book more closely than any of the other film adaptions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "63cebf0ea8333a25f440cf2fcb134fc2", "text": "The Van (1977 film) The Van is a low-budget teenage comedy film directed by Sam Grossman , primarily released to drive-in theaters in 1977 . The titular van was customized by George Barris , along with several other vans appearing in the film . It was released at the height of the vansploitation genre , and was followed by the 1978 film Malibu Beach , in which Stephen Oliver reprised his role as bully Dugan Hicks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "189337b5c4e07216c969c31c5905339f", "text": "In the Shadow of the Sun In the Shadow of the Sun is a 1981 fantasy film directed by Derek Jarman . It consists of a series of Super 8 films shot between 1972 and 1975 and edited together . Throbbing Gristle were asked to provide the soundtrack .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53632f940409271ef2f3b6d6dc4e6180", "text": "Caboblanco Caboblanco ( 1980 ) is an American drama film directed by J. Lee Thompson , starring Charles Bronson , Dominique Sanda and Jason Robards . The film has often been described as a remake of Casablanca . The movie marks the third collaboration between Bronson and director J. Lee Thompson ( following 1976 's St. Ives and 1977 's The White Buffalo ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f07ea422f40fb78671af64f9262e36e", "text": "Up the Academy Up the Academy is a 1980 American teen comedy film with a plot about the outrageous antics of a group of misfits at a military school .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9dd440ecce4210efbe6ddee25f8e5045", "text": "Firebird 2015 AD Firebird 2015 AD is a 1981 Canadian science fiction film directed by David M. Robertson and starring Darren McGavin and Doug McClure .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1871f60881d7736f68f8b1c0141e02dc", "text": "Bullshot (film) Bullshot is a 1983 film , based on the stage play Bullshot Crummond . The name comes from a parody of the 1929 film , on which it is loosely based , Bulldog Drummond . Captain Hugh `` Bullshot '' Crummond ( Alan Shearman ) is a World War I fighter pilot , Olympic athlete , racing driver , and part-time sleuth . He must save the world from the dastardly Count Otto van Bruno ( Ronald E. House ) , his wartime adversary , and win the heart of the damsel in distress ( Diz White ) . The film was produced by George Harrison 's company Handmade Films . Alan Shearman would reprise his association with Handmade Films in their 1985 film Water .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4616dace12242646c58a9f5e57752290", "text": "Reds (film) Reds is a 1981 American epic drama film co-written , produced and directed by Warren Beatty . The picture centers on the life and career of John Reed , the journalist and writer who chronicled the Russian Revolution in his book Ten Days That Shook the World . Beatty stars in the lead role alongside Diane Keaton as Louise Bryant and Jack Nicholson as Eugene O'Neill . The supporting cast includes Edward Herrmann , Jerzy Kosinski , Paul Sorvino , Maureen Stapleton , Gene Hackman , Ramon Bieri , Nicolas Coster and M. Emmet Walsh . The film also features , as `` witnesses , '' interviews with the 98-year-old radical educator and peace activist Scott Nearing , author Dorothy Frooks , reporter and author George Seldes , civil liberties advocate Roger Baldwin , and the American writer Henry Miller , among others . Beatty was awarded the Academy Award for Best Director and the film was nominated for Best Picture , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty , Keaton , Nicholson and Stapleton were nominated for Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Supporting Actor and Best Supporting Actress , respectively . Stapleton was the only one of the four to win . Beatty was also nominated , along with co-writer Trevor Griffiths , for Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty became the third person to be nominated for Academy Awards in the categories Best Actor , Director and Original Screenplay for a film nominated for Best Picture . In June 2008 , the American Film Institute revealed its `` Ten Top Ten '' -- the best ten films in ten `` classic '' American film genres -- after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community . Reds was acknowledged as the ninth best film in the epic genre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d12cfd558631ecc9fcb6d8c459b7ff02", "text": "The Hotel New Hampshire (film) The Hotel New Hampshire is a 1984 British-Canadian-American comedy-drama film written and directed by Tony Richardson based on John Irving 's 1981 novel of the same name . The film stars Jodie Foster , Beau Bridges , Rob Lowe , and Nastassja Kinski , and also features Wilford Brimley , Amanda Plummer , Matthew Modine , and a young Seth Green in a supporting role . The film is a co-production from the United Kingdom , Canada , and the United States . In an introductory foreword that he wrote for a later edition of the novel , author Irving stated that he was thrilled when Richardson informed him that he wanted to adapt the book to the screen . Irving wrote that he was very happy with the adaptation , complaining only that he felt Richardson tried to make the film too faithful to the book , noting the manner in which Richardson would often speed up the action in an attempt to include more material onscreen .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "5ac60076ec84edbb53a3872372a27f3f", "text": "Zlatan Ibrahimović Zlatan Ibrahimović ( -LSB- ˈslaːtan ɪbraˈhiːmɔvɪtɕ -RSB- , -LSB- zlǎtan ibraxǐːmoʋitɕ -RSB- ; born 3 October 1981 ) is a Swedish professional footballer who plays as a forward for English club Manchester United . He was also a member of the Sweden national team , making his senior international debut in 2001 and serving as captain from 2010 until he retired from international football in 2016 . Primarily a striker , he is a prolific goalscorer , who is best known for his technique , creativity , strength , ability in the air , and his powerful and accurate striking ability . As of February 2017 , he is the second most decorated active footballer in the world , having won 33 trophies in his career . Ibrahimović began his career at Malmö FF in the late 1990s before being signed by Ajax , where he made a name for himself . He signed for Juventus and excelled in Serie A in a strike partnership with David Trezeguet . In 2006 , he signed for rival side Internazionale and was named to the UEFA Team of the Year in both 2007 and 2009 . In addition , Ibrahimović would finish as the league 's top scorer in 2008 -- 09 and win three straight Scudetti . In the summer of 2009 , he transferred to Barcelona , before moving back to Serie A football the following season , joining Milan in a deal that made him one of the highest-paid players in the world . He won another Scudetto with Milan in the 2010 -- 11 season . He joined Paris Saint-Germain in July 2012 . During his four-season stay at PSG , Ibrahimović won four consecutive Ligue 1 titles , three Coupes de la Ligue , two Coupes de France and was the top scorer in Ligue 1 for three seasons . In October 2015 , he became PSG 's all time leading goalscorer . He finished his PSG career with 156 goals in 180 competitive matches . Ibrahimović is one of ten players to have made 100 or more appearances for the Swedish national team . He is the country 's all-time leading goalscorer with 62 goals . He represented Sweden at the 2002 and 2006 FIFA World Cups , as well as the 2004 , 2008 , 2012 , and 2016 UEFA European Championships . He has been awarded Guldbollen ( the Golden Ball ) , given to the Swedish player of the year , a record 11 times , including 10 consecutive times from 2007 to 2016 . With his playing style and acrobatic finishing compared to Dutch retired striker Marco van Basten , Ibrahimović is widely regarded as one of the best strikers in the game and one of the best footballers of his generation . His spectacular bicycle kick for Sweden against England won the 2013 FIFA Puskás Award for Goal of the Year . Off the field , he is known for his brash persona and outspoken comments , in addition to referring to himself in the third person . In December 2013 , Ibrahimović was ranked by The Guardian as the third-best player in the world , behind only Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo . In December 2014 , Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter named him the second-greatest Swedish sportsperson of all time , after tennis player Björn Borg .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "e646de2dd48a2022169accc510c07443", "text": "Vladimir Jugović Vladimir Jugović ( Владимир Југовић , born 30 August 1969 ) is a Serbian former footballer . Born in Milutovac , a village near Trstenik , SR Serbia , SFR Yugoslavia , Jugović played throughout his career for numerous top European teams , winning the Champions League twice ( with Red Star Belgrade and Juventus ) . He is regarded as one of the finest players that Serbia has ever produced and one of the best midfielders of his generation . At international level , he represented Yugoslavia in the 1998 FIFA World Cup and at UEFA Euro 2000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c7e65a861d8b548271fe2552038fc4c", "text": "Milan Janković Milan Janković may refer to : Milan Janković or Philip Zepter , a Serbian entrepreneur Milan Janković ( footballer born 1959 ) , Serbian football midfielder Milan Janković ( footballer born 1984 ) , Bosnia and Herzegovina-born Austrian footballer", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c5198e384d747d30f199ae63eba79d2", "text": "FC Amsterdam FC Amsterdam was a Dutch football club which was founded on June 20 , 1972 , from the merger of the Amsterdam football clubs Blauw Wit and DWS . The club Volewijckers joined the side for the 1973 -- 1974 season . After a successful start , in which the club made it to the quarter finals of the 1974 -- 75 UEFA Cup defeating Italian giants Inter Milan in the process , the club was relegated from the Eredivisie to the Eerste Divisie in 1978 . This resulted in a massive reduction in spectator numbers for FC Amsterdam , with the club moving out of the Olympisch Stadion in 1980 . The side disbanded in 1982 . Category : Association football clubs established in 1972 Category : Association football clubs disestablished in 1982 Amsterdam Amsterdam Category : Sport in Amsterdam Category :1972 establishments in the Netherlands Category :1982 disestablishments in the Netherlands", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e18a03784c6d1ed75adb713ef24f9c4", "text": "Mattia De Sciglio Mattia De Sciglio ( -LSB- matˈtiːa de ˈʃiʎʎo -RSB- ; born 20 October 1992 ) is an Italian footballer who plays as a full-back for Serie A club Milan and the Italian national team . He made his professional debut for Milan in 2011 , after several seasons in the club 's youth system , and subsequently became a regular in the line-up , being able to play as either right or left back . At international level , De Sciglio made his senior debut in March 2013 and he was selected in the Italian squads for the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup , 2014 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9a003ea4c81e1b26c6205f60995d9e3", "text": "Selangor FA Football Association of Selangor ( Persatuan Bolasepak Selangor ) , commonly known as FA Selangor is a Malaysian professional football club representing the state of Selangor Darul Ehsan and competes in the Malaysian Super League , the top flight of Malaysian football . Nicknamed `` the Red Giants '' , the club was founded in 1936 and play their home games in the 16,000-capacity MP Selayang Stadium , after moving from Shah Alam Stadium in 2017 due to a financial crisis . Selangor is the most successful club in Malaysia , in terms of overall titles won . Domestically , Selangor have won a record 33 Malaysia Cups , 7 Malaysia Super League titles , 2 Malaysia Premier League titles , 7 Malaysia FAM League titles , 5 FA Cups , 8 Charity Cups , 4 President Cups , 2 Youth League titles , 7 Malay King 's Gold Cup and 1 Agong 's Cup . The club is also the first Malaysian team to enter a continental tournament and its final by becoming the runner-up of the 1967 Asian Champion Club Tournament , the first edition of the Asian top-flight continental club tournament , which is later rebranded as the AFC Champions League in 2002 . 1997 was the most successful year for Selangor as they won four trophies ( Malaysia Cup , FA Cup and Charity Cup ) and runner-up for the Agong 's Cup under the coaching of Steve Wicks . P. Maniam is the club 's current coach , having been appointed on 8 August 2016 as a caretaker coach , before appointed as the club 's official coach for the upcoming 2017 season , after the club 's former coach , Zainal Abidin Hassan , was sacked . The club also holds several rivalries , most notably with Singapore and Kuala Lumpur .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c7a57f3d0c180e62ae738187606f772", "text": "1987–88 A.C. Milan season", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0edc30a7ffa192533729d3688b82635d", "text": "Milan Havel Milan Havel ( born 7 August 1994 ) is a professional Czech football midfielder who plays for Bohemians 1905 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "926422f4884669237df43aca6a685728", "text": "List of FK Partizan players Fudbalski klub Partizan is a Serbian professional association football club based in Belgrade , Serbia , who currently play in the Serbian SuperLiga . They have played at their current home ground , Partizan Stadium , since 1949 . This is a list of all the football players that have played for club since its foundation , in 1945 . Only players that have played at least one match in any of the following competitions : domestic league , domestic cup and European competitions . Players that only played in friendlies , tournaments and that were on trial are not included . __ NOTOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd2466612fe3508349d26605a6444ad0", "text": "1974 European Cup Winners' Cup Final The 1974 European Cup Winners ' Cup Final was a football match of the 1973 -- 74 European Cup Winners ' Cup and the 14th UEFA Cup Winners ' Cup final of the competition . It was contested between Magdeburg of East Germany and the defending champions , Milan of Italy , and was held at Feijenoord Stadion in Rotterdam , Netherlands . Magdeburg won the match 2 -- 0 thanks to goals by Enrico Lanzi ( own goal ) and Wolfgang Seguin . It was the only time one of the major European trophies was won by an East German club .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "138957308352c741ba74b3105666eeac", "text": "2009–10 UEFA Champions League The 2009 -- 10 UEFA Champions League was the 55th season of Europe 's premier club football tournament organised by UEFA , and the 18th under the current UEFA Champions League format . The final was played on 22 May 2010 , at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium , home ground of Real Madrid , in Madrid , Spain . The final was won by Italian club Internazionale , who beat German side Bayern Munich 2 -- 0 . Internazionale went on to represent Europe in the 2010 FIFA Club World Cup , beating Congolese side TP Mazembe 3 -- 0 in the final , and played in the 2010 UEFA Super Cup against Europa League winners Atlético Madrid , losing 2 -- 0 . Barcelona were the defending champions , but were eliminated by eventual winners Internazionale in the semi-finals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "99d4e112e2195b30ecf6cdbe381c505c", "text": "Milan Milijaš Milan Milijaš ( Serbian Cyrillic : Милан Милијаш ; born 12 October 1976 ) is a Serbian former professional footballer who played as a defender .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ee131a0892e016e28bf5bf91c0d9abf", "text": "FBK Balkan FBK Balkan is a Swedish football club located in the district Rosengård of Malmö . The club was founded in 1962 . They currently play in Division 4 Skåne Sydvästra . The club comes from a Malmö neighbourhood known for its very large immigrant community . Balkan is most famous for being the club where Zlatan Ibrahimović started playing football . Other notable former players for the team include Goran Slavkovski and Valentino Lai .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "063762609cd1e7e3178ca596805db0f7", "text": "FK Sarajevo Fudbalski klub Sarajevo ( Sarajevo Football Club ) is a Bosnian professional football club based in Sarajevo , the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina and is one of the most successful clubs in the country . Founded on 24 October 1946 , FK Sarajevo was the most successful club from SR Bosnia in former SFR Yugoslavia , winning two Yugoslav First League titles , being runners-up on two other occasions and finishing 6th in that competition 's all-time table . The club 's official colours are maroon and white . FK Sarajevo was the only major football club founded by the post-war Yugoslav authorities in the city of Sarajevo . The club entered the Yugoslav First League in the 1948 -- 49 season , and eventually competed in all but two seasons in the top tier . After Bosnia and Herzegovina gained independence from Yugoslavia , FK Sarajevo became one the country 's biggest ambassadors , departing on a large world tour during the Bosnian war with the goal of gaining international support for the country 's cause . Today , FK Sarajevo is one of the most prominent members of the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina , where it has won three Bosnian championships , five Bosnian Cups and one Bosnian Supercup . Furthermore , the club was runners-up in the national championship another six times . It is ranked first in the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina all-time table and is the country 's most prominent representative in European competitions . FK Sarajevo is the most popular football club in the country , before FK Željezničar , with whom it shares a strong rivalry that manifests itself in the Sarajevo derby . The club plays its home matches at the Asim Ferhatović Hase Stadium , named after legendary club striker Asim Ferhatović . The stadium has a capacity of 34.500 . Since December 2013 , FK Sarajevo is run by Malaysian businessman , investor and former Chairman of Berjaya Group , Vincent Tan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "98ead054f73e9dbe57dfbc03a203fdaa", "text": "Milan Škriniar Milan Škriniar ( -LSB- ˈmilan ˈʃkriɲiar -RSB- ; born 11 February 1995 ) is a Slovak football player who currently plays for Italian club Sampdoria and the Slovakia national football team . He was named Slovakia 's the best U21 player for 2016 , receiving the Peter Dubovsky Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "013af8393ecdfc54f933e828309a60f9", "text": "Keisuke Honda is a Japanese footballer who plays for Serie A club Milan and the Japan national football team . A versatile player , he usually plays as an attacking midfielder , but he can equally play as a winger or as a deep-lying playmaker , and has frequently featured as a right winger for Milan during the 2014 -- 15 Serie A season . A quick , creative , strong , and energetic player , he is also known for his accuracy from bending free-kicks , powerful striking ability from distance , dribbling skills , and delivery as a dead ball specialist . He has earned over 60 international caps since 2008 , playing at the 2010 FIFA World Cup , the 2014 FIFA World Cup and winning the 2011 AFC Asian Cup , where he was also voted Player of the Tournament .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e08d1b0cead3fd8df9054a991cc1f4ed", "text": "Slobodan Marović Slobodan Marović ( Cyrillic : Cлободан Mapoвић , born 13 July 1964 ) is a Serb football manager and former player . Born in Bar , SR Montenegro , during his playing career he played for NK Osijek , IFK Norrköping , and Silkeborg IF . With Red Star Belgrade , he was part of their European Cup victory in 1991 . He earned four caps for the Yugoslavia national football team . In December 2010 he has been appointed as assistant manager of Robert Prosinečki at Red Star Belgrade .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e979806df9a9af0cb1108f488955f9d", "text": "Football in Ivory Coast Football is a popular sport in Côte d'Ivoire . The national team won the Africa Cup of Nations in Senegal in 1992 . In 2006 they participated in the 2006 World Cup in Germany . The youth national teams have also done well in world championships , and the clubs from Côte d'Ivoire have won several continental titles . Among famous players from the country are Kolo Touré of Liverpool , Chelsea striker and former national team captain , Didier Drogba , Wilfried Bony and Yaya Touré of Manchester City , Gervinho and Seydou Doumbia of Roma , and Salomon Kalou of Hertha Berlin . The Ivory Coast national team won a second African cup of nations in 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ce0f7c168fddeaddbf4f247daedb1f3", "text": "1995–96 Juventus F.C. season Juventus Football Club finished second in Serie A and regained the European Cup trophy after 11 years , winning the Champions League final against Ajax 4 -- 2 on penalties in Rome . Juventus also won the Supercoppa Italiana in the late summer of 1995 , before going on to finish second in the league . Following the Champions League title , strikers Gianluca Vialli and Fabrizio Ravanelli were sold to Chelsea and Middlesbrough , respectively . The club also dropped Pietro Vierchowod , Paulo Sousa and Massimo Carrera . Instead , Juventus decided to sign playmaker Zinedine Zidane from Bordeaux , along with young striker Christian Vieri , who signed from Atalanta .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3b77e74f5c45825cf7371863fd32f33", "text": "Zoran Zlatkovski Zoran Zlatkovski ( Зоран Златковски born 5 April 1987 in Skopje , SFR Yugoslavia ) is a Macedonian footballer who plays as a striker for Macedonian side Akademija Pandev .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf7b8ce3e988198d4de766f7321c3409", "text": "2009–10 A.C. Milan season The 2009 -- 10 Serie A season was the 76th Serie A season in the history of Associazione Calcio Milan .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "bcf041589579611258679a0ba0a1d08f", "text": "Homeland (TV series) Homeland is an American spy thriller television series developed by Howard Gordon and Alex Gansa based on the Israeli series Prisoners of War ( Original title חטופים Hatufim , literally `` Abductees '' ) , which was created by Gideon Raff . The series stars Claire Danes as Carrie Mathison , a Central Intelligence Agency officer with bipolar disorder , and Damian Lewis as Nicholas Brody , a U.S. Marine Corps Scout Sniper . Mathison had come to believe that Brody , who was held captive by al-Qaeda as a prisoner of war , was `` turned '' by the enemy and poses a threat to the United States . The series is broadcast in the U.S. on the cable channel Showtime , and is produced by Fox 21 Television Studios ( formerly Fox 21 ) . It premiered on October 2 , 2011 . The first episode was made available online , more than two weeks before the television broadcast , with viewers having to complete game tasks to gain access . On October 22 , 2013 , Showtime renewed Homeland for a fourth season , which premiered on October 5 , 2014 . On November 10 , 2014 , Showtime renewed the series for a 12-episode fifth season that premiered on October 4 , 2015 . On December 9 , 2015 , the series was renewed for a sixth season . The sixth season debuted on January 15 , 2017 . The series has also been renewed for a seventh and eighth season ; the eighth is planned to be the series ' final season by the creators . The series has received generally positive reviews , and has won several awards , including the 2012 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series , and the 2011 and 2012 Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Drama , as well as the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series and Lead Actress in a Drama Series for Damian Lewis and Claire Danes , respectively .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd8be6dbd9c63060ae83fe95dc2658b8", "text": "Gideon Raff Gideon `` Gidi '' Raff ( גדעון '' גידי '' רף born 1973 ) is an Israeli film and television director , screenwriter , and writer . He is best known for the award-winning 2010 Israeli television drama series Prisoners of War ( which he created , wrote and directed ) and its acclaimed US adaptation , Homeland ( for which he won two Primetime Emmy Awards in 2012 ) .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "3b9d3aa1ae2a0397196dcc45abe8172f", "text": "My Homeland Egypt Party The My Homeland Egypt Party is an Egyptian political party that is composed of `` diehards '' of the Hosni Mubarak-era National Democratic Party .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd08c03de3c0b22deb87525fb1db317b", "text": "TV Nation TV Nation is a satirical newsmagazine television series written , directed and hosted by Michael Moore that was co-funded and originally broadcast by NBC in the United States and BBC2 in the United Kingdom . The show blended humor and journalism into provocative reports about various issues . After moving to Fox for its second ( and final ) season , the show won an Emmy Award in 1995 for Outstanding Informational Series . TV Nation was created in the wake of the success Moore had with the documentary Roger & Me , prompting Warner Bros. . Television to ask Moore for television series ideas . In January 1993 , NBC green-lit a pilot episode which took three months to complete . Interest from the BBC prompted NBC to insert the show into its summer 1994 lineup .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b41f99cde0b5e62d973e041813ea211", "text": "Rysher Entertainment Rysher Entertainment was the owner of television and film programming content , primarily distributed around the world by CBS Television Distribution and Paramount Pictures . Select rights are also distributed by Warner Bros. , Universal , Lionsgate , Fox , Columbia Pictures , MGM and other entertainment distribution companies worldwide . The company has its roots in Bing Crosby Productions ( `` BCP '' ) . Its namesake , actor-singer Bing Crosby , founded BCP in 1949 , and was best known for producing the sitcom Hogan 's Heroes and the medical drama Ben Casey -- in succeeding years , BCP was acquired by Cox Broadcasting . In 1993 , Cox acquired Rysher Entertainment . Rysher , founded in April 1991 by Keith Samples , had been established as an independently owned company whose original sole product had been the distribution of NBC 's series Saved By The Bell . In 1993 , and later distribution of another NBC series California Dreams in 1994 , Rysher merged with Al Masini 's Television Program Enterprises to form Rysher TPE , its alternate name used from 1993 to 1995 . Through Rysher TPE , they produced and distributed shows such as Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous ( renamed Lifestyles with Robin Leach and Shari Belafonte for its final season ) and Star Search . Later , they produced and distributed George & Alana , which ran for one season in 1995 . The company was shut down in 1999 and the library was acquired by Viacom who folded it into both the film and television division of Paramount . Rysher 's library , today distributed by CBS Television Distribution ( CTD ) and Paramount Pictures ( for TV series and films , respectively ) , includes television and feature film classics such as Hogan 's Heroes ( whose partial rights are held by CBS ) , Ben Casey , and Walking Tall , as well as more recent programs and films including Nash Bridges ( 1999 -- 2001 episodes are produced by Paramount Network Television ) , Highlander : The Series , The Opposite of Sex ( with Sony Pictures Classics ) , Kingpin and Big Night . Rysher also distributes internationally through CTD several of HBO 's award-winning titles including Arli $ $ , Oz and Sex and the City . Rysher also produced House Arrest and Zeus and Roxanne , both of which were released by MGM and distributed by HBO Home Video for home release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71ffc98b2a1e3faf8dc6f62b0ef502ee", "text": "The New Americans The New Americans is a seven-hour American documentary , produced by Kartemquin Films , that was originally broadcast on American television over three nights on the Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS ) in late March 2004 . The observational documentary , which includes minimal voice-over narration and very little direct interviewing of its subjects ( and none in which the interviewer 's voice is heard ) , follows the lives of a series of immigrants to the United States over the course of four years . The series was filmed between 1998 and 2001 , although not all of its subjects were filmed during that entire length of time . The immigrants were filmed both in their countries of origin before immigrating as well as in the United States . The filming during this period was extensive and occurred in the subjects ' homes , at their places of work , in government offices , and in a number of other situations , many of them quite intimate . As a result , The New Americans offers an unusually personal and comprehensive look at the people it profiles . The immigrants profiled and filmed in The New Americans include a group of baseball players from the Dominican Republic hoping to secure a career in Major League Baseball ; a computer programmer from India and his wife ; a family with six children from a farming community in the state of Guanajuato , Mexico ; a family of Ogoni refugees from Nigeria ; and a woman from Palestine who moves to the United States to be with her new husband , a first-generation Palestinian-American who grew up in Chicago . The locations shown in the documentary include not only each of the immigrants ' countries of origin , but also many places in the United States where the immigrants settled or traveled , including Chicago ( the Palestinian and Nigerian immigrants ) , the Silicon Valley of California ( the Indian immigrants ) , Garden City , Kansas and Mecca , California ( the Mexican immigrants ) , and Florida , Georgia and Montana ( the Dominican immigrants ) . The New Americans was executive produced by Steve James ( who also produced the acclaimed 1994 documentary Hoop Dreams ) and Gordon Quinn , both of Kartemquin Films . It was broadcast on PBS as part of the series Independent Lens , in association with the Independent Television Service ( ITVS ) . The program was also broadcast in the United Kingdom on the cable network BBC Four in early April 2004 . Steve James on the making of the New Americans , `` From the beginning , we knew we wanted to tell multiple stories , because every immigrant I 've met has a very rich and varied story to tell about where they come from . We also were excited about the idea of telling these people 's stories before they left their countries so that we could begin to understand these people in their own country before they gave it all up to come here . They 're all facing different problems different dreams , so there 's that diversity too . They 're a nice collection of stories because their differences and similarities . '' Primary funding was provided by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting ( CPB ) . Additional major funding was provided by The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation , the Annie E. Casey Foundation and PBS . Additional funding also came from the National Endowment of the Arts , BBC , Nick Fraser , SBS , TV Australia , and VPRO , The Netherlands . The New Americans is a presentation of ITVS in association with Latino Public Broadcasting ( LPB ) and Asian Women United/National Asian American Telecommunications Association ( NAATA ) . The New Americans won a variety of awards including : The Chicago Award for Best Chicago or Illinois Production , Chicago International Television Competition ( 2004 ) ; Gold Hugo for Best Overall Production , Chicago International Television Competition 2004 -RSB- ; Best Limited Series , Distinguished Documentary Achievement Awards , International Documentary Association ( IDA ) ( 2004 ) ; and the Christopher Award , TV/Cable Category , ( 2005 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "41ccba2ffc8cae2ba716f79eb9297a3f", "text": "America First (Homeland) `` America First '' is the sixth season finale of the American television drama series Homeland , and the 72nd episode overall . It premiered on Showtime on April 9 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d23887046dc2def9dfc8aab97c498a1", "text": "Geoffrey Gordon (composer) Geoffrey Gordon ( born 28 August 1968 ) is an American composer of classical music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f516e1b7c4a543663bcf36c64724e11", "text": "G.I. (military) G.I. is a noun used to describe the soldiers of the United States Army and airmen of the United States Army Air Forces -- and for U.S. Marines and sailors -- and also for general items of their equipment . The term G.I. has been used as an initialism of `` Government Issue '' or `` General Issue '' , but it originally referred to `` galvanized iron '' , as used by the logistics services of the United States Armed Forces . The letters `` G.I. '' were used to denote equipment made from galvanized iron , such as metal trash cans , in U.S. Army inventories and supply records . During World War I , American soldiers sardonically referred to incoming German artillery shells as `` G.I. cans '' . Also during that war , `` G.I. '' started being interpreted as `` Government Issue '' or `` General Issue '' for the general items of equipment of soldiers and airmen . The term `` G.I. '' came into widespread use in the United States with the start of the Selective Service System ( `` the draft '' ) in 1940 , extending into 1941 . Next , the use of `` G.I. '' expanded from 1942 through 1945 . The American Five-star General Dwight D. Eisenhower said in 1945 that `` the truly heroic figure of this war -LSB- is -RSB- G.I. Joe and his counterpart in the air , the navy , and the Merchant Marine of every one of the United Nations . '' `` G.I. '' was also used as an adjective for anything having to do with the Army or Army Air Force .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d21b8fa54c4c9bc7e1d8fa2a366ff4cb", "text": "Howard Husock __ NOTOC __ Howard Husock is vice president for policy research at the Manhattan Institute , where he is also director of its Social Entrepreneurship Initiative and a contributing editor to the Institute 's quarterly magazine , City Journal . He is the author of the blog Philanthropy and Society on Forbes.com and author of the book Philanthropy Under Fire . Husock was nominated for the Corporation for Public Broadcasting Board of Directors by President Barack Obama in June 2013 and confirmed by the Senate in August 2013 . From 1987 through 2006 , Husock served as director of case studies in public policy and management at Harvard University 's Kennedy School of Government , where he was also a fellow at the Hauser Center for Nonprofit Organizations . His publications on the nonprofit sector have appeared in The Wall Street Journal , National Affairs , Society Magazine , The Chronicle of Philanthropy , The Public Interest , The New York Times , and the Washington Post . In addition , Husock has written widely on housing and urban policy , including in his book , The Trillion-Dollar Housing Mistake : The Failure of American Housing Policy ( Ivan R. Dee , 2003 ) and his monograph Repairing the Ladder : Toward a New Housing Policy Paradigm ( Reason Foundation , 1996 ) . His work has also appeared in the Journal of Policy Analysis and Management , Philanthropy , and The Wilson Quarterly . Husock is a former broadcast journalist and documentary filmmaker whose work at WGBH-TV in Boston won three Emmy awards . His WGBH series Community Disorder : Racial Violence in Boston ( 1979 ) won the Robert F. Kennedy Journalism award for television . His WGBH credits include The Paterson Project : One City in the Reagan Era ( 1982 ) ; Pat Ewing and an American Dream ( 1981 ) ; Meet Tom Menino ( 1983 ) ; The World Halfball Tournament ( 1983 ) and America 's First School : 350 Years at Boston Latin ( 1984 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3214fa42ba70d2d675b7efe2dce5d9da", "text": "Unrequited (The X-Files) `` Unrequited '' is the sixteenth episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files . It was written by Howard Gordon and series creator Chris Carter , and directed by Michael Lange . It originally aired in the United States on February 23 , 1997 on the Fox network . The episode is a `` Monster-of-the-Week '' story , a stand-alone plot which is unconnected to the series ' wider mythology . This episode earned a Nielsen rating of 10.9 and was seen by 16.56 million viewers upon its initial broadcast . `` Unrequited '' received mixed to negative reviews from television critics . The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder ( David Duchovny ) and Dana Scully ( Gillian Anderson ) who work on cases linked to the paranormal , called X-Files . In this episode , the murder of a U.S. Army Lieutenant General has Mulder and Scully struggling to stop a seemingly invisible assassin . The two agents soon learn that they are doomed to failure from the start , as the U.S. government is attempting to cover up the existence of American POWs still being kept in Vietnam . Gordon was inspired to write the episode after viewing an installment of the news series 60 Minutes that dealt with American secret agents the CIA left behind during the Vietnam War . The eventual concept that the assassin could create blind spots came after the writer spoke with his ophthalmologist brother . The entry featured a finished replica of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial , and various Canadian locales substituted for various locations in Washington , D.C.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb9d70827e4f6e7d517d2d1b71f42065", "text": "James Gordon (journalist) James Daniel Gordon is a broadcast journalist and radio presenter for BBC News and the Mail Online . He reports on a variety of popular articles , and is currently a correspondent covering America , especially New York . Increasingly , Gordon has been producing articles for the Web : important topics covered have included the controversy over selling school places overseas , the forgotten residents of Louisiana whose town resides in the infamous `` spillaway area '' in case of flooding , and the end of NASA 's Space Shuttle program .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9140b2f9db36777a66adb9a4f90cf3c8", "text": "Deep Domain Deep Domain is a Star Trek : The Original Series novel written by Howard Weinstein .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "129a58b15d022d81864f28bc2d44901c", "text": "Howard Kazanjian Howard G. Kazanjian ( born July 26 , 1942 ) is an American film producer known for Raiders of the Lost Ark and Return of the Jedi . Kazanjian is also a former 8-year Vice President of Lucasfilm , Ltd. , and a published non-fiction author .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2dc215d61746cd2ca090ccccfdd92d41", "text": "John Howard (author) John Howard is an English author , born in London in 1961 . His fiction has appeared in anthologies , magazines , and the collections The Silver Voices , Written by Daylight , and Cities and Thrones and Powers . The majority of Howard 's stories have central and eastern European settings ; many are set in the fictional Romanian town of Steaua de Munte . The Defeat of Grief is a novella set in Steaua de Munte and the real Black Sea resort of Balcic ; the novellas `` The Fatal Vision '' ( in Cities and Thrones and Powers ) and The Lustre of Time form part of an ongoing series with Steaua de Munte architect and academic Cristian Luca as protagonist . Numbered as Sand or the Stars attempts a ` secret history ' of Hungary between the World Wars . Secret Europe is a collection jointly written with Mark Valentine comprising 25 short stories set in a variety of real and fictional European locations . Ten of the stories are by Howard and fifteen by Valentine . The expanded edition published in 2014 added an introduction and an extra story by Mark Valentine . Howard contributed a story to Dreams of Ourselves , an anthology published in tribute to the Portuguese writer Fernando Pessoa . Contributors and editor used Pessoa heteronyms , with the authors ' names only revealed in the sealed envelope supplied with each copy of the book . Since 2003 John Howard has occasionally collaborated on short stories with Mark Valentine . Seven have featured Valentine 's long-running series character The Connoisseur , an occult detective whose real name is never revealed . All tales of The Connoisseur then extant , including the collaborations , were reprinted in The Collected Connoisseur ( Tartarus Press , 2010 ) . John Howard has written essays for numerous magazines including Book and Magazine Collector , Supernatural Tales , Wormwood , Studies in Australian Weird Fiction , and All Hallows for the Ghost Story Society . He contributed essays to the Fritz Leiber special issue of Fantasy Commentator ( No. 57/58 , 2004 ) and to the books Black Prometheus : A Critical Study of Karl Edward Wagner ( Gothic Press , 2007 ) , Fritz Leiber : Critical Essays ( McFarlane , 2008 ) , and The Man Who Collected Psychos : Critical Essays on Robert Bloch ( McFarlane , 2009 ) , all edited by Benjamin Szumskyj . Most of these essays were included in Touchstones : Essays on the Fantastic ( 2014 ) , which was a British Fantasy Award nominee the following year . In 2013 Howard took over the review column Camera Obscura in Tartarus Press ' journal Wormwood .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c25bdf07233bd9033fce25930a442466", "text": "National Security and Homeland Security Presidential Directive The National Security and Homeland Security Presidential Directive ( National Security Presidential Directive NSPD 51/Homeland Security Presidential Directive HSPD-20 , sometimes called simply `` Executive Directive 51 '' for short ) , created and signed by President of the United States George W. Bush on May 4 , 2007 , is a Presidential Directive which claims power to execute procedures for continuity of the federal government in the event of a `` catastrophic emergency '' . Such an emergency is construed as `` any incident , regardless of location , that results in extraordinary levels of mass casualties , damage , or disruption severely affecting the U.S. population , infrastructure , environment , economy , or government functions . '' The unclassified portion of the directive was posted on the White House website on May 9 , 2007 , without any further announcement or press briefings , although Special Assistant to George W. Bush Gordon Johndroe answered several questions on the matter when asked about it by members of the press in early June 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f7a354efee2c82a6f342ef64c17493f", "text": "Charles Gordon (producer) Charles Gordon is an American film producer and brother to Lawrence Gordon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b658b134d5fa2e73ad1d27dc17ea7ec8", "text": "Multimedia Applications Development Environment M.A.D.E. is the Activision game engine used to create the following game titles : The Manhole Return to Zork Rodney 's Funscreen LGOP2 It was designed by William David Volk who also was the main designer of the point-and-click interface used in Return to Zork , and used a Lisp-like language similar to Infocom 's ZIL . MADE 's language was created by David Betz . MADE featured video playback , advanced U.I. functionality , and virtual memory . Originally created to port the HyperCard title The Manhole to DOS in 1988 . The engine has been announced to be compatible with the ScummVM interpreter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8969bbb07a0ae1e136d46c78161964a3", "text": "Eurasian Home `` Eurasian Home '' analytical and information resource is an open forum for dialogue and reflection , bringing together experts , politicians and journalists from the New Independent States , Russia , European Union , Asia and America . The website is first of all a platform where representatives of different countries can freely discuss issues concerning global and regional integration in Eurasia . Among priority topics of the website are political and economic processes in Eurasia and America ; integration concepts and strategies in the world ; integration between the countries of the former Soviet Union ; the search for models of effective economic integration ; economic and political interaction between the countries of the CIS as well as with the rest of the world ( EU , United States etc. ) . The Eurasian Home website was launched in 2004 by the Russian non-profit Eurasia Heritage Foundation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17f292323c92b21542bc978b56038d8e", "text": "God's Warriors CNN Presents : God 's Warriors is a three-part August 2007 CNN Presents documentary produced by Christiane Amanpour in which she examines the rise of religious fundamentalism as a political force in the world . The documentary was filmed in the United States , Europe and Middle East . It focuses on the three major monotheistic religions of the world , Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The three chapters were titled God 's Jewish Warriors , God 's Muslim Warriors , and God 's Christian Warriors . The first describes the Jewish settlement movement in Israel and the fund-raising in the United States that supports it , while the second presents issues of radical Islam and Sharia law . The final segment focused on the United States and the political influence of Christian religious leaders . `` God 's Warriors is an investigation of religion , at a time when religious activism is a signature cultural phenomenon of our times , '' said Mark Nelson , vice president and senior executive producer for CNN Productions . `` This project 's global scope is ideally suited for the skills of someone with as impressive of a journalistic pedigree as our own Christiane Amanpour . '' For this documentary , Amanpour reports that during the last 30 years , each faith has exploded into a powerful political force comprising followers who share a dissatisfaction with modern society , and a determination to place God and religion back into daily life and to the seats of power . `` There are millions of people around the world who feel that their faith is being ignored -- pushed aside -- and they are certain they know how to make the world right , '' Amanpour says . `` We can not and should not ignore them . And , with this report , we 've tried to explain them . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b8e63d78c1bbdb18f8138efcc0648c4", "text": "Half-Life (series) Half-Life ( stylized HλLF-LIFE ) is a series of first-person shooter video games that share a single science fiction alternate history . The games in the series all utilize either the GoldSrc or Source engines and are linear , narrative , single-player titles . Valve Corporation is the developer , and partly the publisher and distributor , for their signature games of the series . The major titles in the series feature the player as the protagonist , Gordon Freeman , a theoretical physicist initially employed by the Black Mesa Research Facility . Two of these games , Half-Life and Half-Life 2 are full length titles , while two more , Half-Life 2 : Episode One and Half-Life 2 : Episode Two , are shorter , episodic titles . A final episode , Half-Life 2 : Episode Three , was originally scheduled to appear around Christmas 2007 , but now has no public release date . A puzzle-based first-person series , set in the same fictional universe as the Half-Life games , was created with Portal in 2007 , followed by a sequel , Portal 2 , in 2011 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "82cd78e9f4458ea0cde53e9c118698db", "text": "London London -LSB- ˈlʌndən -RSB- is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom . Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain , London has been a major settlement for two millennia . It was founded by the Romans , who named it Londinium . London 's ancient core , the City of London , largely retains its 1.12 sqmi medieval boundaries . Since at least the 19th century , `` London '' has also referred to the metropolis around this core , historically split between Middlesex , Essex , Surrey , Kent , and Hertfordshire , which today largely makes up Greater London , See also : Independent city § National capitals . governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.The London Mayor is not to be confused with the Lord Mayor of London who heads the City of London Corporation , which administers the City of London . London is a leading global city in the arts , commerce , education , entertainment , fashion , finance , healthcare , media , professional services , research and development , tourism , and transportation . It is crowned as the world 's largest financial centre and has the fifth - or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world.Rankings of cities by metropolitan area GDP can vary as a result of differences in the definition of the boundaries and population sizes of the areas compared , exchange rate fluctuations and the method used to calculate output . London and Paris are of broadly similar size in terms of total economic output which can result in third party sources varying as to which is the fifth-largest city GDP in the world . A report by the McKinsey Global Institute published in 2012 estimated that London had a city GDP of US$ 751.8 billion in 2010 , compared to US$ 764.2 billion for Paris , making them respectively the sixth - and fifth-largest in the world . A report by PricewaterhouseCoopers published in November 2009 estimated that London had a city GDP measured in purchasing power parity of US$ 565 billion in 2008 , compared to US$ 564 billion for Paris , making them respectively the fifth - and sixth-largest in the world . The McKinsey Global Institute study used a metropolitan area with a population of 14.9 million for London compared to 11.8 million for Paris , whilst the PricewaterhouseCoopers study used a metropolitan area with a population of 8.59 million for London compared to 9.92 million for Paris . London is a world cultural capital . It is the world 's most-visited city as measured by international arrivals and has the world 's largest city airport system measured by passenger traffic . London is the world 's leading investment destination , hosting more international retailers and ultra high-net-worth individuals than any other city . London 's universities form the largest concentration of higher education institutes in Europe . In 2012 , London became the first city to have hosted the modern Summer Olympic Games three times . London has a diverse range of people and cultures , and more than 300 languages are spoken in the region . Its estimated mid-2015 municipal population ( corresponding to Greater London ) was 8,673,713 , the largest of any city in the European Union , and accounting for 12.5 % of the UK population . London 's urban area is the second most populous in the EU , after Paris , with 9,787,426 inhabitants at the 2011 census . The city 's metropolitan area is the most populous in the EU with 13,879,757 inhabitants , while the Greater London Authority states the population of the city-region ( covering a large part of the south east ) as 22.7 million . London was the world 's most populous city from around 1831 to 1925 . London contains four World Heritage Sites : the Tower of London ; Kew Gardens ; the site comprising the Palace of Westminster , Westminster Abbey , and St Margaret 's Church ; and the historic settlement of Greenwich ( in which the Royal Observatory , Greenwich marks the Prime Meridian , 0 ° longitude , and GMT ) . Other famous landmarks include Buckingham Palace , the London Eye , Piccadilly Circus , St Paul 's Cathedral , Tower Bridge , Trafalgar Square , and The Shard . London is home to numerous museums , galleries , libraries , sporting events , and other cultural institutions , including the British Museum , National Gallery , Natural History Museum , Tate Modern , British Library , and West End theatres . The London Underground is the oldest underground railway network in the world .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a1dee9e63eddad4fec1254d1ffe9975", "text": "Capital city A capital city ( or simply capital ) is the municipality exercising primary status in a country , state , province , or other region , usually as its seat of government . A capital is typically a city that physically encompasses the offices and meeting places of its respective government ; the status as capital is often designated by its law or constitution . In some jurisdictions , including several countries , the different branches of government are located in different settlements . In some cases , a distinction is made between the official ( constitutional ) capital and the seat of government , which is in another place .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "438a18421d69495ea18815d807f9fbba", "text": "Hounslow London Borough Council Hounslow London Borough Council is the local authority for the London Borough of Hounslow in Greater London , England . It is a London borough council , one of 32 in the United Kingdom capital of London .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65a0c26a7ec76836cd1ce00c82dd24ad", "text": "Croydon Croydon is a large town in south London , England , 9.5 mi south of Charing Cross . The principal settlement in the London Borough of Croydon , it is one of the largest commercial districts outside Central London , with an extensive shopping district and night-time economy . Its population of 52,104 at the 2011 census includes the wards of Addiscombe , Broad Green and Fairfield . Historically part of the hundred of Wallington in the county of Surrey , at the time of the Norman conquest of England Croydon had a church , a mill , and around 365 inhabitants , as recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 . Croydon expanded in the Middle Ages as a market town and a centre for charcoal production , leather tanning and brewing . The Surrey Iron Railway from Croydon to Wandsworth opened in 1803 and was the world 's first public railway . Later nineteenth century railway building facilitated Croydon 's growth as a commuter town for London . By the early 20th century , Croydon was an important industrial area , known for car manufacture , metal working and Croydon Airport . In the mid 20th century these sectors were replaced by retailing and the service economy , brought about by massive redevelopment which saw the rise of office blocks and the Whitgift Centre , the largest shopping centre in London until 2008 . Croydon was amalgamated into Greater London in 1965 . Croydon lies on a transport corridor between central London and the south coast of England , to the north of two gaps in the North Downs , one followed by the A23 Brighton Road through Purley and Merstham and the main railway line and the other by the A22 from Purley to the M25 Godstone interchange . Road traffic is diverted away from a largely pedestrianised town centre , mostly consisting of the North End . East Croydon is a major hub of the national railway transport system , with frequent fast services to central London , Brighton and the south coast . The town is unique in Greater London for its Tramlink light rail transport system .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a58131c190446f754e9ba6a5e2190dc9", "text": "Crime in London Crime in London , as in various cities , is very hard to measure . Police figures generally understate crime substantially and can be extremely misleading . Accordingly , recorded crime statistics need to be treated with great caution and have sometimes been shown to show opposite trends to victim surveys or to violence as measured by hospital intake . However , police figures are usually the only available way to gauge local crime . Greater London is served by three police forces ; the Metropolitan Police which is responsible for policing the vast majority of the capital and is geographically divided into 32 Borough Operational Command Units , the City of London Police which is responsible for The Square Mile of the City of London , and the British Transport Police which polices the rail network and London Underground . A fourth police force in London , the Ministry of Defence Police , do not generally become involved with policing the general public . Within the Home Office crime statistic publications Greater London is referred to as the London Region . Crime rates vary widely by area : several have problems with crime , while many others are very safe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae084eda18b27457862c1e251c3428d3", "text": "List of markets in London This is a list of markets in London . Greater London is home to a wealth of covered , outdoor and street markets . Many specialise in a particular type of goods or sell different things on different days . Most open very early in the morning and close early or late afternoon . Markets in London have their origins in the middle ages and ancient charter ; set up to serve the population of the City of London . Over time , some emerged as wholesale markets serving specific market segments -- such as the sale of vegetables , meat , or fish . With an expanding metropolis in the 18th and 19th centuries , street markets were set up to meet the needs of the new suburbs . With the introduction of trams on the streets of London , these were moved ( sometimes forcibly ) into neighbouring side streets , or new covered markets . The modern markets are regulated by the City and 32 London boroughs . Many have become ` general markets ' serving a range of goods .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9b1d5569e83721a08dd6e081f7e146e", "text": "Beetham Tower, Manchester Beetham Tower ( also known as the Hilton Tower ) is a landmark 47-storey mixed-use skyscraper in Manchester , England . Completed in 2006 , it is named after its developers , the Beetham Organisation , and was designed by SimpsonHaugh and Partners . The development occupies a sliver of land at the top of Deansgate , hence its elongated plan and was proposed in July 2003 with construction starting a year later . At a height of 554 ft , it is the tallest building in the United Kingdom outside London and 10th tallest building in the United Kingdom . It has been described by the Financial Times as `` the UK 's only proper skyscraper outside London '' . Consequently , it is the tallest building in Manchester however construction commenced in July 2016 on Tower 1 at Owen Street which will surpass the Beetham Tower as the tallest building in Manchester when completed in 2019 with a height of 659 ft. As a result of the elongated floor plan , the structure is one of the thinnest skyscrapers in the world with a height to width ratio of 10:1 on the east-west façade but is noticeably wider on the north-south façade . A blade structure on the south side of the building acts as a façade overrun accentuating its slim form and doubles as a lightning rod . The skyscraper is visible from ten English counties on a clear day . The top-floor penthouse offers views of Greater Manchester , the Cheshire Plain , the Pennines , the Peak District and Snowdonia . The tower is known for emitting a loud unintentional hum or howl in windy weather , believed to emanate from the glass ` blade ' atop the building . The hum has been recorded as a B below middle C and can be heard over large parts of the locality . Architectural response to the skyscraper is polarised and interpretations vary . The cantilever bears the load of the north façade symbolically representing the historical strength and revival of post-industrial Manchester following economic decline in the 1980s and the 1996 Manchester bombing . Some questioned its dominant appearance over the city -- particularly over listed buildings with one author going as far to say the skyscraper instantly `` torpedoed '' any possibility of Manchester becoming a UNESCO World Heritage city - a status Manchester was previously on the United Kingdom shortlist for due its industrial past . Others feel its dramatic appearance and peculiarity is reflective of Manchester and that the Beetham Tower symbolises Manchester 's reinvention as a post-industrial city . Nevertheless , it has received praise and was awarded the best tall building in the world in 2007 by the Council for Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b90a49804c80a1d2bd240eeaa33c6428", "text": "Municipal Borough of Wimbledon Wimbledon was a local government district in north-east Surrey from 1866 to 1965 covering the town of Wimbledon and its surrounding area . It was part of the London postal district and Metropolitan Police District . Wimbledon Local Government District was formed in 1866 when the parish of Wimbledon adopted the Local Government Act 1858 , forming a local board of 15 members to govern the area . The Local Government Act 1894 reconstituted the area as an urban district . The town was granted a charter of incorporation to become a municipal borough in 1905 . A borough council consisting of a mayor , six aldermen and eighteen councillors replaced the urban district council . The original Wimbledon Town Hall was built on The Broadway . This was replaced by a new Town Hall on the corner of Queen 's Road and Wimbledon Bridge in 1931 . The borough was granted a coat of arms in 1906 . The arms incorporated heraldic elements associated with the history of the borough through the centuries . A black double-headed eagle refers to the legend that Julius Caesar once made camp on the common , a sheaf of corn is borrowed from the arms of the Cecil family and the two Cornish Choughs above the crown are taken from the arms of Thomas Cromwell . The new borough took as its motto `` Sine Labe Decus '' meaning : `` Honour without Stain '' . In 1914 Wimbledon unsuccessfully promoted a bill to become a county borough . The borough was abolished in 1965 by the London Government Act 1963 and the area was transferred to Greater London to be combined with that the Municipal Borough of Mitcham and the Merton and Morden Urban District to form the present-day London Borough of Merton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c29c23eec38448680c520f4de3990d8", "text": "London Councils London Councils is the local government association for Greater London , England . It is a cross-party organisation that represents London 's 32 borough councils and the City of London . It was formed in 1995 as a merger of the London Boroughs Association and the Association of London Authorities . In April 2000 it gained further functions as strategic local government in London was reorganised . London Councils is a think tank and lobbying organisation , and also provides some services directly through legislation that allows multiple local authorities to pool responsibility and funding . London Councils is based at 59 1/2 Southwark Street .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca10264e9595c776a10ea8aad685bbc3", "text": "City-state A city-state is a sovereign state that consists of a city and its dependent territories . Historically , this included cities such as Rome , Athens , Carthage , and the Italian city-states during the Renaissance -- but today only a handful of sovereign city-states exist , with some disagreement as to which are city-states . A great deal of consensus exists that the term properly applies to Singapore , Monaco , and Vatican City . A number of other small states share similar characteristics , and therefore are sometimes also cited as modern city-states . Namely , Qatar , Brunei , Kuwait , Bahrain , and Malta , which each have an urban center comprising a significant proportion of the population , though , all have several distinct settlements and a designated or de facto capital city . Occasionally , other small states with high population densities , such as San Marino , are also cited , despite lacking a large urban centre characteristic of traditional city-states . Several non-sovereign cities enjoy a high degree of autonomy , and are sometimes considered city-states . Hong Kong and Macau , along with independent members of the United Arab Emirates , most notably Dubai and Abu Dhabi , are often cited as such .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a979caf100f9368eb96d37ba5b294b44", "text": "London (novel) London is a historical novel by Edward Rutherfurd published in 1997 , which charts the history of London from 54 B.C. to 1997 . The novel begins with the birth of the River Thames and moves to 54 B.C. , detailing the life of Segovax , a curious character with slightly webbed hands and a flash of white hair . Seqovax becomes the ancestor of the Ducket and Dogget families , prominent fictional families woven into the novel . Historical figures , such as Julius Caesar , Geoffrey Chaucer , William Shakespeare , and Pocahontas , make appearances alongside fictional characters and historical kings and queens of England .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9eff5cd881db0014aa430e785193c3c", "text": "List of tallest buildings in the British Empire and the British Commonwealth The title of tallest building in the British Empire ( later in the Commonwealth ) has been contested since the late nineteenth century . In this era the nations of the British Empire possessed a large measure of cultural unity and naturally looked to each other for comparison and competition . This was evident in the displays at Queen Victoria 's silver and diamond jubilees and in the creation of the British Empire Games in 1930 ( later the Commonwealth Games ) . A similar phenomenon occurred in the world of architecture and civics . Local boosters in cities and regions across the Empire covered the title of `` greatest '' , `` biggest '' , `` largest '' or `` best '' in the Empire . This boosterism was concentrated in Canada where desire to claim the title spurned a race between cities and builders between 1905 and 1931 . In general the boosters focused on commercial buildings , as claiming the title was part of marketing the building to potential renters ( and the city to the wider world ) . They conveniently ignored much taller non-commercial buildings such as St Paul 's Cathedral which stands 111 m and was consecrated in 1708 , or Victoria Tower in the Palace of Westminster which was built in 1855 and measures 98.5 m . The Commonwealth of Nations slowly evolved out of the British Empire over decades , but the 1931 Statute of Westminster is often used as a dividing point . During the twentieth century the title was held primarily by Canadian buildings . Since the 1990s , however Asian buildings have held the title . Height restrictions have much to do with this list . Until the 1960s , London , the capital of the Empire , had especially strict height maxima to preserve the views of historic structures . Until the late 1920 Montreal limited all buildings to a maximum of 10 stories , and it still limits buildings to less than the sea-level elevation of Mont Royal . Since 1989 Vancouver restricted buildings from blocking the North Shore Mountains , creating a practical upper limit of around 137 meters , until 1997 when seven sites were pre-selected for taller buildings as exceptions to the rule . Singapore limits all buildings to below 280 meters because of the proximity of Singapore Changi Airport . The International Commerce Centre in Hong Kong is not included because it was built after Hong Kong left the Commonwealth . The list also excludes Toronto 's CN Tower as there is debate as to whether it is technically a building , or just a structure .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "017d4528849ee78476d6188f4a833ede", "text": "London Borough of Croydon The London Borough of Croydon is a London borough in south London , England and is part of Outer London . It covers an area of 87 km2 and is the largest London borough by population . It is the southernmost borough of London . At its centre is the historic town of Croydon from which the borough takes its name . Croydon is mentioned in Domesday Book , and from a small market town has expanded into one of the most populous areas on the fringe of London . Croydon is the civic centre of the borough . The borough is now one of London 's leading business , financial and cultural centres , and its influence in entertainment and the arts contribute to its status as a major metropolitan centre . Formed in 1965 from the Coulsdon and Purley Urban District and the County Borough of Croydon , the local authority Croydon London Borough Council , is now part of the local government association for Greater London , London Councils . The economic strength of Croydon dates back mainly to Croydon Airport which was a major factor in the development of Croydon as a business centre . Once London 's main airport for all international flights to and from the capital , it was closed on 30 September 1959 due to the lack of expansion space needed for an airport to serve the growing city . It is now a Grade II listed building and tourist attraction . Croydon Council and its predecessor Croydon Corporation unsuccessfully applied for city status in 1954 , 2000 , 2002 and 2012 . The area is currently going through a large regeneration project called Croydon Vision 2020 which is predicted to attract more businesses and tourists to the area as well as backing Croydon 's bid to become London 's Third City ( after ` The City ' and Westminster ) . Croydon is mostly urban , though there are large suburban and rural uplands in the south . Since 2003 Croydon has been certified as a Fairtrade borough by the Fairtrade Foundation . It was the first London Borough to have Fairtrade status which is awarded on certain criteria . The area is one of the hearts of culture in London and the South East of England . Institutions such as the major arts and entertainment centre Fairfield Halls add to the vibrancy of the borough . However , its famous fringe theatre `` the Warehouse Theatre '' was put under administration in 2012 when the council withdrew its funding and the building itself was demolished in 2013 . The Croydon Clocktower was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1994 as an arts venue featuring a library , the independent David Lean Cinema ( closed by the council in 2011 after 16 years of operating , but now partially reopened on a part-time and volunteers basis ) and museum . From 2000 to 2010 , Croydon staged an annual summer festival celebrating the area 's black and Indian cultural diversity , with audiences reaching over 50,000 people . An internet radio station , Croydon Radio , is run by local people for the area . The borough is also home to its own local TV station , Croydon TV . Premier League football club Crystal Palace F.C. play at Selhurst Park in South Norwood , a stadium they have been based in since 1924 . Other landmarks in the borough include Addington Palace , an 18th-century mansion which became the official second residence of six archbishops , Shirley Windmill , one of the few surviving large windmills in Greater London built in the 1850s , and the BRIT School , a creative arts institute run by the BRIT Trust which has produced artists such as Adele , Amy Winehouse and Leona Lewis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "841b2ac3d3ddeee20b4926ae48b23380", "text": "Grade II* listed buildings in Brighton and Hove There are 70 Grade II * listed buildings in the city of Brighton and Hove , England . The city , on the English Channel coast approximately 52 mi south of London , was formed as a unitary authority in 1997 by the merger of the neighbouring towns of Brighton and Hove . Queen Elizabeth II granted city status in 2000 . In England , a building or structure is defined as `` listed '' when it is placed on a statutory register of buildings of `` special architectural or historic interest '' by the Secretary of State for Culture , Media and Sport , a Government department , in accordance with the Planning ( Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas ) Act 1990 . English Heritage , a non-departmental public body , acts as an agency of this department to administer the process and advise the department on relevant issues . There are three grades of listing status . Grade I , the highest , is defined as being of `` exceptional interest '' ; Grade II * is used for `` particularly important buildings of more than special interest '' ; and Grade II , the lowest , is used for buildings of `` special interest '' . Brighton was founded on top of the sea-facing cliffs where the South Downs meet the English Channel . A series of valleys allowed transport routes to develop towards Lewes , London and other important settlements . Although Neolithic settlement has been confirmed , the Anglo-Saxons were the first permanent settlers ; the population was about 400 by the time of the Domesday survey in 1086 . Its neighbour Hove , on flatter , more fertile land to the west , developed concurrently but independently : its existence was recorded in 1288 , and two separate prebends ( similar to benefices ) existed by 1291 . Fishing , farming and smuggling drove the economy , but decline set in during the Middle Ages and persisted until the 19th century . Coastal flooding destroyed buildings on many occasions , the parish church fell into ruins , and the population -- almost all poor -- numbered about 100 in 1801 . Brighton became fashionable as a holiday destination and health resort in the mid-18th century , and royal patronage ( particularly by the flamboyant Prince Regent ) increased its popularity with high society and the upper classes . Day-trippers and longer-term visitors from other social classes soon followed , and by the early 19th century the town was Britain 's foremost seaside resort . Developments such as Royal Crescent , Regency Square , Oriental Place and Park Crescent characterised the bold architectural vision of the town 's new residents ; the design triumvirate of Amon Wilds , Amon Henry Wilds and Charles Busby were instrumental in realising these plans . Hove 's fortunes improved in line with Brighton 's success , and developments such as Palmeira Mansions and Sir Isaac Goldsmid 's Adelaide Crescent covered the fields between the ancient village of Hove and Brighton 's continuous westward expansion . The Vicar of Brighton , Rev. Henry Michell Wagner -- a wealthy , progressive clergyman with strong Anglo-Catholic views and an interest in architecture -- and his son and successor Rev. Arthur Wagner were responsible for an array of new churches throughout Brighton and Hove ( especially in poorer residential areas ) ; many are listed at Grade I , and the Grade II * - listed examples of St Martin 's and St Paul 's merely add to a stock of Victorian places of worship which has been described as one of the best outside London . Elsewhere during the Victorian era , the former parish churches of both Brighton and Hove were rebuilt ; an elaborate synagogue was provided for the Jewish population ; Roman Catholic worship became established at the Classical-style St John the Baptist 's Church ; a new parish church was established in the form of Charles Barry 's St Peter 's ; and several other churches were established . Both towns were incorporated as boroughs : Brighton in 1854 , Hove in 1898 . Expansion in the 20th century , as the urban area became a large regional centre , resulted in ancient villages being absorbed into the boroughs . Hangleton , West Blatchington , Ovingdean , Rottingdean and others had historic buildings and long-established churches of their own ; by 1928 , Acts of Parliament had brought them into `` Greater Brighton and Hove '' . In 1997 , the towns were officially united as a unitary authority ; three years later , city status was secured . Some listings include contributory fixtures such as surrounding walls or railings in front of the building . These are summarised by notes alongside the building name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dff53d21d94c66f3b5e84939b18b2fc1", "text": "London Wall London Wall was the defensive wall first built by the Romans around Londinium , their strategically important port town on the River Thames in what is now London , England , and subsequently maintained until the 18th century . It is now the name of a road in the City of London running along part of the course of the old wall between Wormwood Street and the Rotunda junction where St. Martin 's Le Grand meets Aldersgate Street . Until the later Middle Ages the wall defined the boundaries of the City of London .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fae77ba68c18745b7688b0f65e1ef68b", "text": "Ealing London Borough Council Ealing London Borough Council is the local authority for the London Borough of Ealing in Greater London , England . It is a London borough council , one of 32 in the United Kingdom capital of London .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42edafb91d0d6bf41db9f8d91a17212c", "text": "Kingdom of Great Britain The United Kingdom of Great Britain , officially Great Britain , was a sovereign state in western Europe from 1 May 1707 to 31 December 1800 . The state came into being following the Treaty of Union in 1706 , ratified by the Acts of Union 1707 , which united the kingdoms of England and Scotland to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of Great Britain and its outlying islands . It did not include Ireland , which remained a separate realm . The unitary state was governed by a single parliament and government that was based in Westminster . The former kingdoms had been in personal union since James VI , King of Scots , became King of England and King of Ireland in 1603 following the death of Queen Elizabeth I , bringing about a `` Union of the Crowns '' . Also after the accession of George I to the throne of Great Britain in 1714 , the kingdom was in a personal union with the Electorate of Hanover . The early years of the unified kingdom were marked by Jacobite risings which ended in defeat for the Stuart cause at Culloden in 1746 . Later on in 1763 , victory in the Seven Years ' War led to the dominance of the British Empire , which was to become the foremost global power for over a century and later grew to become the largest empire in history . On 1 January 1801 , the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland were merged to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . In 1922 , five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom and the state was renamed the `` United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland '' -- a title it has retained to date .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "732bd731c698a975d3c1beb6b2bb7e17", "text": "Crown Estate The Crown Estate is a collection of lands and holdings in the United Kingdom belonging to the British monarch as a corporation sole , making it the `` Sovereign 's public estate '' , which is neither government property nor part of the monarch 's private estate . As a result of this arrangement , the sovereign is not involved with the management or administration of the estate , exercising only very limited control of its affairs . Instead , the estate 's extensive portfolio is overseen by a semi-independent , incorporated public body headed by the Crown Estate Commissioners , who exercise `` the powers of ownership '' of the estate , although they are not `` owners in their own right '' . The revenues from these hereditary possessions have been placed by the monarch at the disposition of Her Majesty 's Government and thus proceed directly to Her Majesty 's Treasury for the benefit of the British nation . The Crown Estate is formally accountable to the Parliament of the United Kingdom , where it is legally mandated to make an annual report to the sovereign , a copy of which is forwarded to the House of Commons . The Crown Estate is one of the largest property managers in the United Kingdom , overseeing property worth # 12 billion , with urban properties valued at # 9.1 billion representing the majority of the estate by value . These include a large number of properties in central London , but the estate also controls 792000 ha of agricultural land and forest , more than half of the UK 's foreshore , and retains various other traditional holdings and rights , including Ascot Racecourse and Windsor Great Park . Naturally occurring gold and silver in the UK , collectively known as `` Mines Royal '' , are managed by The Crown Estate and leased to mining operators . Historically , Crown Estate properties were administered by the reigning monarch to help fund the business of governing the country . However , in 1760 , George III surrendered control over the Estate 's revenues to the treasury , thus relieving him of the responsibility of personally paying for the costs of the civil service , defence costs , the national debt , and his own personal debts . In return , he received an annual grant known as the Civil list . By tradition , each subsequent monarch agreed to this arrangement upon his or her accession . However , from 1 April 2012 , under the terms of the Sovereign Grant Act 2011 ( SSG ) , the Civil List was abolished and the monarch was thenceforth provided with a stable source of revenue indexed to a percentage of the Crown Estate 's annual net revenue ( currently set at 15 % ) . This was intended to provide a long-term solution and remove the politically sensitive issue of Parliament having to debate the Civil List allowance every ten years . Subsequently , the Sovereign Grant Act allows for all future monarchs to simply extend these provisions for their reigns by Order in Council . The act does not imply any legal change on the nature of the estate 's ownership , but is simply a benchmark by which the sovereign grant is set as a grant by Parliament .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b1f34a6f48cf2586d8c797a5b29e4cd", "text": "London Borough of Ealing The London Borough of Ealing -LSB- ˈiːlɪŋ -RSB- is a London Borough in west London , England , and forms part of Outer London . It is the 3rd largest London Borough in population , and 11th largest in size , covering part of west London and a small part of north west London . Its administrative centre is Ealing Broadway . Other major centres include Acton , Greenford and Southall . The local authority is Ealing London Borough Council .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "95e4f96dfe4f2da67c28e55ef8f7c7e8", "text": "Coat of arms of the City of London The coat of arms of the City of London is the official coat of arms of the City of London , which is one of a number of cities and boroughs in Greater London . The Corporation of the City of London has a full achievement of armorial bearings consisting of a shield on which the arms are displayed , a crest displayed on a helmet above the shield , supporters on either side and a motto displayed on a scroll beneath the arms . The blazon of the arms is as follows : Arms : Argent a cross gules , in the first quarter a sword in pale point upwards of the last . Crest : On a wreath argent and gules a dragon 's sinister wing argent charged on the underside with a cross throughout gules . Supporters : On either side a dragon argent charged on the undersides of the wings with a cross throughout gules . The coat of arms is `` anciently recorded '' at the College of Arms . It was in use in 1381 , forming part of the design of a new mayoralty seal taken into use on 17 April of that year . The arms consist of a silver shield bearing a red cross with a red upright sword in the first quarter . They combine the emblems of the patron saints of England and London : the Cross of St George with the symbol of the martyrdom of Saint Paul . The 1381 arms replaced an earlier shield , found on a charter of 1319 , that depicted St Paul holding a sword . The sword is often erroneously supposed to commemorate the killing of Peasants ' Revolt leader Wat Tyler by Lord Mayor of London William Walworth . However the arms were in use some months before Tyler 's death , and the tradition that Walworth 's dagger is depicted may date from the late 17th century . The crest and supporters came into use in the 17th century , but were used without authority until 30 April 1957 , when they were confirmed and granted by letters patent from the College of Arms . The crest is a dragon 's wing bearing the cross of St George , borne upon a peer 's helmet . A primitive form of the crest first appeared in 1539 on the reverse of a new common seal . This showed a fan-like object bearing a cross . Over time this evolved into a dragon 's wing , and was shown as such in 1633 when it appeared above the city 's coat of arms in the frontispiece to the fourth edition of John Stow 's Survey of London . The wing is specified as a dragon 's left wing , i.e. its proper left wing ( which can be compared to heraldic left ) . It has been speculated that the use of a peer 's helmet ( rather than that of a gentleman , in other civic arms ) relates to the use of the honorific prefix `` The Right Honourable '' by the Lord Mayor . The helm was confirmed in 1957 . However , there are various representations of the arms being surmounted by a ` Muscovy Hat ' as worn by the City Swordbearer over the Stuart and Georgian period most notably as carved on the George Dance Porch of the Guildhall . On the seal of 1381 two lions were shown supporting the arms . However , by 1609 the present supporters , two silver dragons bearing red crosses upon their wings , had been adopted . The dragons were probably suggested by the legend of Saint George and the Dragon . The Latin motto of the City is `` Domine dirige nos '' , which translates as `` Lord , direct ( guide ) us '' . It appears to have been adopted in the 17th Century , as the earliest record of it is in 1633 . A banner of the arms ( the design on the shield ) is flown as a flag of the City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a3767d921c1c2df10a79be2098e69fa", "text": "The Londoner The Londoner was a newsletter in the style of a newspaper published by the Mayor of London and delivered free to most households in Greater London , United Kingdom . In the words of the Mayor of London 's office , it was `` a newsletter for Londoners from the Mayor of London . It provided information about the policies and services delivered by the Greater London Authority and key issues affecting life in the capital , and encouraged participation in current debates and consultation . '' According to the Mayor 's Annual Report 2005/06 , the budget for The Londoner was # 2,882,000 , of which # 632,000 came directly from the GLA precept portion of council tax paid by London householders . Most of the remaining # 2,250,000 came from advertising and editorial material paid for by Transport for London and the Metropolitan Police Authority .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "904a953ab1d4b6fb877f38ee21f7261d", "text": "London Protocol (1852) On 8 May 1852 , after the First War of Schleswig , an agreement called the London Protocol was signed . This international treaty was the revision of an earlier protocol , which had been ratified on 2 August 1850 , by the major Germanic powers of Austria and Prussia . The second London Protocol was recognised by the five major European powers -- Austria , France , Prussia , Russia , and the United Kingdom -- as well as by the Baltic Sea powers of Denmark and Sweden . The Protocol affirmed the integrity of the Danish federation as a `` European necessity and standing principle '' . Accordingly , the duchies of Schleswig ( a Danish fief ) , and Holstein and Lauenburg ( German fiefs ) were joined by personal union with the Kingdom of Denmark . However , Frederick VII of Denmark was childless , so a change in dynasty was imminent and the lines of succession for the duchies and Denmark diverged . That meant that , contrary to the Protocol , the new King of Denmark would not also be the new Duke of Holstein and Duke of Lauenburg . So for this purpose , the line of succession to the duchies was modified . Further , it was affirmed that the duchies were to remain as independent entities , and that Schleswig would have no greater constitutional affinity to Denmark than Holstein did . The major powers primarily wanted to ensure , by guaranteeing Denmark 's territorial integrity , that the strategically significant port of Kiel would not fall into Prussian hands . Eleven years later , this treaty became the trigger for the German -- Danish war of 1864 . Prussia and Austria declared that Denmark had violated the Protocol by introducing the November Constitution , which Christian IX of Denmark signed on 18 November 1863 . After an initial period of joint Austro -- Prussian administration , Kiel was ultimately delivered to Prussia in 1867 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "09bb6d64d0e433e3416dbeeed68f351e", "text": "Boston Boston ( pronounced -LSB- ˈbɒstən -RSB- ) is the capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States . Boston is also the seat of Suffolk County , although the county government was disbanded on July 1 , 1999 . The city proper covers 48 mi2 with an estimated population of 667,137 in 2015 , making it the largest city in New England and the 23rd most populous city in the United States . The city is the economic and cultural anchor of a substantially larger metropolitan area known as Greater Boston , a Metropolitan Statistical Area ( MSA ) home to a census-estimated 4.7 million people in 2014 and ranking as the tenth-largest such area in the country . Alternately , as a Combined Statistical Area ( CSA ) , this wider commuting region is home to some 8.1 million people , making it the sixth-largest as such in the United States . One of the oldest cities in the United States , Boston was founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan settlers from England . It was the scene of several key events of the American Revolution , such as the Boston Massacre , the Boston Tea Party , the Battle of Bunker Hill , and the Siege of Boston . Upon U.S. independence from Great Britain , it continued to be an important port and manufacturing hub as well as a center for education and culture . Through land reclamation and municipal annexation , Boston has expanded beyond the original peninsula . Its rich history attracts many tourists , with Faneuil Hall alone drawing over 20 million visitors per year . Boston 's many firsts include the United States ' first public school , Boston Latin School ( 1635 ) , first subway system , the Tremont Street Subway ( 1897 ) , and first public park , Boston Common ( 1634 ) . The area 's many colleges and universities make Boston an international center of higher education , including law , medicine , engineering , and business , and the city is considered to be a world leader in innovation and entrepreneurship , with nearly 2,000 startups . Boston 's economic base also includes finance , professional and business services , biotechnology , information technology , and government activities . Households in the city claim the highest average rate of philanthropy in the United States ; businesses and institutions rank among the top in the country for environmental sustainability and investment . The city has one of the highest costs of living in the United States as it has undergone gentrification , though it remains high on world livability rankings .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "9a6dbf9fa7f29b4b36747b709e32b482", "text": "Boston (disambiguation) Boston is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Massachusetts . Boston may also refer to :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27a6f86e3ac48af16080ff04e85a6a0b", "text": "Boston Housing Authority The Boston Housing Authority ( BHA ) is a public agency of the city of Boston , Massachusetts that provides subsidized public housing to low - and moderate-income families and individuals . In the federal government model of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development ( HUD ) , BHA is a public housing agency . As such , BHA administers federal government assistance programs and monies for locally subsidized housing . With 70 developments , and serving almost 26,000 people across over 12,600 public housing units , it is the largest public housing authority in New England . It also offers partial subsidies for private housing , assisting another 32,000 people , and administers federal Section 8 vouchers . The agency 's performance is periodically reviewed by a nine-member council , the BHA Monitoring Committee , which reports to the mayor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65392032384368ed2bc2b074dbcadeb4", "text": "Sports in Boston Boston , the capital city of the U.S. state of Massachusetts and largest city in the New England region of the northeastern United States , is home to several major league sports teams , including the Red Sox ( baseball ) , the Celtics ( basketball ) and the Bruins ( ice hockey ) . The New England Patriots ( American football ) and the New England Revolution ( soccer ) play at Gillette Stadium in nearby Foxborough , Massachusetts . Several Boston-area colleges and universities are also active in college athletics . Sports are a major part of the city 's culture ( as well as the culture of the Greater Boston area ) . Boston sports fans are known for their fanatical devotion to the Red Sox and knowledge of the team 's history . Fenway Park , home of the Red Sox , is the oldest ballpark in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) and holds a legendary status among baseball fans . Boston is the only city in professional sports in which all facilities are privately owned and operated . The Patriots own Gillette Stadium , the Red Sox own Fenway Park , and TD Garden is owned by Delaware North , owner of the Bruins . The Celtics rent TD Garden from Delaware North . In the 2000s , Boston 's professional teams had arguably the most successful decade in sports history , winning ten championships ( five by the Patriots , three by the Red Sox and one each by the Celtics and Bruins ) . When the Bruins won the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , the city of Boston became the first city in the 21st century to have all four of its major professional league teams win a league championship , and it is the only city ever to have championships in all four major professional leagues within a ten-year span ( from the Patriots ' victory in February 2002 to the Bruins ' in June 2011 ) . In just ten years , between February 2002 and June 2011 , Boston 's teams completed what Sports Illustrated dubbed as the `` Grand Slam of North American sports . '' With the Patriots ' victory over the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLIX , the four major Boston-area sports teams completed a grand-slam in six years ( the 2008 Celtics , the 2011 Bruins , the 2013 Red Sox and the 2014 Patriots ) . Beyond that , several of the teams were league finalists : the Revolution four times , the Patriots twice and the Bruins and Celtics once apiece . With the Bruins reaching the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , this allowed Boston to join Philadelphia as being the only cities to have had all of their teams play in each of the four major North American professional sports leagues ' title rounds since 2000 , following the Patriots in Super Bowls XXXVI in 2002 , XXXVIII in 2004 , XXXIX in 2005 , XLII in 2008 , XLVI in 2012 , XLIX in 2015 , and LI in 2017 and winning all of them , except Super Bowl XLII and XLVI , the Red Sox winning World Series titles in ( ending the Curse of the Bambino ) , , and , and the Celtics in the NBA Finals in and and winning in 2008 . In addition , Boston beat out Philadelphia for playing in all of the `` big '' league championship rounds in the shortest time in the new millennium , as it took 9 years for Philadelphia to achieve this feat ; Boston needed only three years and eight months . From 2004 to 2015 , all four Boston major league teams have each reached the championship rounds two times or more .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe56a3314879f5cc84d020a6590beb7d", "text": "Flag of New England There is no official Flag of New England . Consequently , `` the Flag of New England '' can refer to any number of historical and modern banners used to represent Massachusetts , the New England Colonies , or the six states in the New England region of the northeastern United States . There are some variations , but common designs include a plain colored field ( usually red ) with a pine tree in the canton . Pinus strobus , the eastern white pine , is the most common symbol of New England and most often represents that tree 's former importance in shipbuilding and New England maritime culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4091f49b46e3fdf12d307741e295a856", "text": "Atlantic Northeast The Atlantic Northeast is a region of North America , which includes the US states of Connecticut , Massachusetts , Rhode Island , New Hampshire , Vermont , and Maine , as well as the Canadian Maritimes . The Atlantic Northeast region is noted for its cultural unity , stark climate , landscape of dense forests , and a shared economic history in the exploitation of logging and the regional fishery . Further uniting this area is the `` Gray Zone '' which is an area of land and sea which is claimed by both Canada and the United States . It is located off the coasts of New Brunswick and Maine . The only land within this area are two islands , Machias Seal Island and North Rock . The `` Gray Zone '' is one of four areas between the two countries whose sovereignty is still in dispute , but is the only one of the disputed areas containing land . In 1979 , both countries filed a joint application to the International Court of Justice to avoid having the dispute settled when oceanic boundaries in the area were set for mineral and fishing rights . Canadians have had a continuous presence in the area since 1832 when a lighthouse was built . Since the Atlantic Northeast is such a large region , it is home to many different types of wildlife , sports teams , and geographical locations . The Atlantic Northeast is home to the Boston Celtics , Boston Bruins , New England Patriots , Halifax Hurricanes , Boston Red Sox and many more . It also includes many notable species including the Bald Eagle , Atlantic Salmon , and the Swamp Pink . Lastly , the Atlantic Northeast includes many geographical places of interest including the Northeast Canyons and Seamounts Marine National Monument and Salem , Massachusetts , home of the Salem Witch Trials . Though cross-border connections are widely acknowledged , the area has rarely been given a single name . `` Atlantic Northeast '' is a term that has been used most prominently in discussions of regional folk culture , another name that is used is Atlantica . '' These names are often tied to various proposals for greater economic or political integration of the region", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d293adf9c515215c8eab68ee0055947e", "text": "History of Springfield, Massachusetts The history of Springfield , Massachusetts ( est. 1636 ) springs in large part from its favorable geography , situated on a steep bluff overlooking the Connecticut River 's confluence with three tributaries . It was an ancient Indian crossroad for two major trade routes : Boston-to-Albany and New York City-to-Montreal . Springfield also sits on some of the northeastern United States ' most fertile soil . Springfield was founded in 1636 as Agawam , the northernmost settlement of the Connecticut Colony . The settlement defected from Connecticut after four years , however , later joining forces with the coastal Massachusetts Bay Colony . The town changed its name to Springfield , and changed the political boundaries among what later became New England States . Springfield flourished as a trading post and agricultural center until 1675 's King Philip 's War , when a coalition of Indians laid siege to Springfield and later burned it to the ground . Its prosperity waned for the next hundred years but , in 1777 , United States Revolutionary War leaders made it a National Armory to store weapons , and in 1795 it began manufacturing muskets . Until 1968 , the Armory made small arms . Its first American muskets ( 1794 ) were followed by the famous Springfield rifle and the revolutionary M1 Garand and M14s . The Springfield Armory attracted generations of skilled laborers to the city , making it the United States ' longtime center for precision manufacturing ( comparable to a Silicon Valley of the Industrial Revolution ) . The Armory 's near-capture during Shays Rebellion of 1787 was among the troubles that prompted the U.S. Constitutional Convention later that year . Innovations in the 19th and 20th centuries include the first American English dictionary ( 1805 , Noah Webster ) , the first use of interchangeable parts and the assembly line in manufacturing ( 1819 , Thomas Blanchard ) , the first American horseless car ( 1825 , again Thomas Blanchard ) , vulcanized rubber ( 1844 , Charles Goodyear ) , the first American gasoline-powered car ( 1893 , Duryea Brothers ) , the first American motorcycle company ( 1901 , `` Indian '' ) , an early commercial radio station ( 1921 , WBZ , and most famously , the world 's third-most-popular sport of basketball ( 1891 , Dr. James Naismith ) . Throughout the latter half of the 20th century , Springfield endured a protracted decline , accelerated by the decommission of the Springfield Armory in 1969 . Springfield became increasingly like the declining , second tier Northeastern U.S. cities from which it had long been set apart . During the 1980s and 1990s , Springfield developed a new reputation for crime , political corruption , and cronyism . Seeking to overcome its downgrade , the city undertook several large ( but unfinished ) projects , including a $ 1 billion high-speed rail ( New Haven-Hartford-Springfield high-speed rail ) , a proposed $ 1 billion MGM Casino , and others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d507ae03882e89631aea1c9f28e5a7e", "text": "New Boston, Michigan New Boston is an unincorporated community in Huron Charter Township , Wayne County , in the U.S. state of Michigan . Huron Township includes three separate communities : the largest community is New Boston ; south of New Boston , Willow and Waltz are smaller , newer communities being developed with new subdivisions . The Huron River runs just south of downtown New Boston . Huron Township is just south of Romulus , Michigan , and is just west of Flat Rock , Michigan . Interstate 275 ( I-275 ) passes through the middle of the community with three exits providing easy access . Exits off I-275 are Sibley , South Huron , and Will-Carleton roads , the latter being the southern-most exit . New Boston was first settled in 1827 and was originally called `` Catville '' after the initials of the proprietor , C. A. Trowbridge . It received a post office with that name in 1860 . On March 20 , 1868 , it was renamed New Boston , after Boston , Massachusetts . New Boston is home to Gibbs Sweet Station and Mc Nasty 's Saloon . Mary Anne 's Family Diner once used to thrive , but recently closed . New Boston also hosts an Apple Fest every October . Huron River Drive is closed every year just for the Apple Festival , which includes a parade , lots of shopping booths , great food , and live entertainment . Huron High School is also located in the area . New Boston 's assets include open land , proximity to Detroit Metro Airport , and easy access to I-275 and I-94 . In addition , there are three major metro parks in the area .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44421d9d3b44eccac51c7533c461c7ee", "text": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Suffolk County, Massachusetts __ NOTOC __ This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Suffolk County , Massachusetts . This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Suffolk County , Massachusetts , United States . Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts ; these locations may be seen together in a map . There are over 300 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county , including 58 National Historic Landmarks . The city of Boston is the location of more than 275 of these properties and districts , including 57 National Historic Landmarks ; they are listed separately . Properties and districts located in the county 's other three municipalities are listed here .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa08818a6d23e57ac86b469a4bd9017c", "text": "List of diplomatic missions in Boston This is a list of diplomatic missions in Boston ( and surrounding environs of `` Greater '' or `` Metro-Boston '' ) . These countries have established a resident consular presence to provide diplomatic and trade representation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74a287b6fc5c118f6e81ca2155de8246", "text": "The Boston Journal The Boston Journal was a daily newspaper published in Boston , Massachusetts , from 1833 until October 1917 when it was merged with the Boston Herald . The paper was originally an evening paper called the Evening Mercantile Journal . When it started publishing its morning edition , it changed its name to The Boston Journal . In October 1917 John H. Higgins , the publisher and treasurer of the Boston Herald , bought out its nearby neighbor The Boston Journal and created The Boston Herald and Boston Journal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c98807bc9cecb09b4f1a5f4f1687f30d", "text": "Financial District, Boston The Financial District of Boston is located in the downtown area near Government Center and Chinatown . Like many areas within Boston , the Financial District has no official definition . It is roughly bounded by Atlantic Avenue , State Street , and Devonshire Street . Parts of the Financial District are in various USPS postal ZIP Codes , including 02108 , 02109 , 02110 , and 02111 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f242fefc1e7f120b56babd030dc19881", "text": "Boston Road, Springfield, Massachusetts Boston Road is Springfield , Massachusetts 's principal commercial and retail corridor . The Boston Road neighborhood is located on the eastern edge of the city , beginning about five miles from Metro Center . It is a medium-sized Springfield neighborhood , containing 727 acre plus rights-of-way and water bodies . Principal boundaries are the Boston & Albany Railroad to the north ; the North Branch of the Mill River to the south ; the Town of Wilbraham to the east ; and Cobb and Methuen Streets to the west . Boston Road remains a commercial stronghold , home to the fully occupied Eastfield Mall , various big box stores , a movie theater , and a branch of Hampden Bank . Just across from the above-mentioned Hampden Bank , Springfield city parks including Five Mile Pond and Loon Pond provide places to swim , fish , boat , and picnic . The High School of Science & Technology and the controversially renovated Putnam Vocational High School are located in this neighborhood . The neighborhood also features numerous local and chain restaurants , not to mention a handful of independently owned restaurants and bars . Overall , Springfield 's Boston Road is one of the city 's most eclectic neighborhoods , functioning as a car-oriented version of Metro Center . Whereas one does not need a car to shop and enjoy Springfield 's compact Metro Center , a car is a necessity for use along Boston Road .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd3b069c868ee42d127491f659b5fec1", "text": "Northborough, Massachusetts Northborough is a town in Worcester County , Massachusetts , United States . The official spelling of the town 's name is `` Northborough '' , but the phonetic alternative spelling `` Northboro '' is also used . The population was 14,155 at the 2010 census .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a44fa8f4b18178341e660774cd479ea", "text": "Canadian Consulate-General, Boston The Consulate-General of Canada in Boston ( French : Consulat général du Canada à Boston ) is a diplomatic mission of Canada located in Suite 400 of Three Copley Place in Boston , Massachusetts , United States . The geographical jurisdiction of the Boston office covers the New England states of Maine , Massachusetts , New Hampshire , Rhode Island , and Vermont ; in addition to Saint Pierre and Miquelon , a small overseas collectivity of France located off the South Coast of the Canadian Province of Newfoundland . It further supports the Ambassador and Canadian Embassy situated in Washington , D.C. and is one of six located in the United States . The consulate to Boston opened in 1951 . The mission focuses on relations dealing in : technology , research and development , product commercialization , joint-ventures trade relationships , strategic partnerships , and both greenfield and financial investments between New England and Canada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ae8ff8ab7a2a01fe1e4b5b9b758f276", "text": "History of Acton, Massachusetts Acton , Massachusetts is a small town west of Boston in an area that has records of human habitation which stretch back 7000 years . Acton citizens had a significant role in the battle of Battle of Lexington and Concord , the prelude to the American Revolution . Acton 's history reflects the major events that were occurring in Massachusetts , New England , the United States , and the world .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3312ad63bf726c5a5a9db3d13bce23a0", "text": "Geology of New England New England is a region in the North Eastern United States consisting of the states Rhode Island , Connecticut , Massachusetts , New Hampshire , Vermont , and Maine . Most of New England consists geologically of volcanic island arcs that accreted onto the eastern edge of the Laurentian Craton in prehistoric times . Much of the bedrock found in New England is heavily metamorphosed due to the numerous mountain building events that occurred in the region . The most recent rock layers are glacial conglomerates .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b53ead2bf20a0343eeb864c53b975e5e", "text": "Boston Lyceum The Boston Lyceum ( est. 1829 ) of Boston , Massachusetts was a civic association dedicated to popular education in the form of `` lectures , discussions , ... declamation , '' and writing contests . It began `` in Chauncy Hall on 25 June 1829 . On 13 August 1829 it formed its classes and made provisions for lectures and debates . '' Annual members ' `` exhibitions '' of elocution took place in various venues around town , such as the Masonic Temple ( 1832 ) , Tremont Hall ( 1839 ) and the Odeon ( 1840 ) . Leaders included George Bancroft , Timothy Claxton , James T. Fields , Abbott Lawrence , William H. Prescott , William D. Ticknor , and Amasa Walker . Among the many lecturers : Nehemiah Adams , J.A. Bolles , David Paul Brown , Rufus Choate , William M. Cornell , C.C. Emerson , James Pollard Espy , Edward Everett , Dr. Grigg , George S. Hillard , Oliver Wendell Holmes , Dr. C.T. Jackson , N. Jones , Rev. John Pierpont , Edgar Allan Poe , John Osborne Sargent , William H. Simmons , Charles Sumner , B.B. Thatcher , Henry Theodore Tuckerman , Amasa Walker , and E.M.P. Wells .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c6ac5f4789c039a00666d5f0fa1fbfb", "text": "North Station North Station is a major transportation hub located at Causeway and Nashua Streets in Boston , Massachusetts , United States . It is one of the city 's two inbound terminals for Amtrak and MBTA Commuter Rail trains , the other being South Station . The main concourse of North Station is located at the street level immediately below TD Garden , a major sports venue in Boston that is home to the Boston Bruins hockey team and the Boston Celtics basketball team . The arena is also used for rock concerts and other events , taking advantage of the extensive transportation connections at the site .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "693b9fa6a8a4f52652b153812b5d6fbd", "text": "State Street Block (Boston) State Street Block ( built 1857 ) is a granite building near the waterfront in the Financial District of Boston , Massachusetts . Architect Gridley James Fox Bryant designed it . In the 1850s `` the Long and Central Wharf Corporation ... sold each bay to individual owners , requiring that ` the granite to be used for the sidewalk & facade of each bay must be purchased from the Corporation & erected according to the architect 's plan . ' '' Walt Whitman visited Boston in 1860 , and wrote about what he saw : `` Noblest of all State Street Block , east of the Custom House , rough granite . The above probably one of the finest pieces of com -LSB- merical -RSB- architecture in the world . '' Another visitor travelling through Boston ( in 1859 ) called it `` a magnificent block . '' In the mid-20th century , `` nearly three-quarters of the original 22-bay building ... was amputated for construction of the Central Artery ... and the roofline of the remainder has been destroyed . '' The surviving portion of the block was added as part of the Custom House District to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa35786d7c433d947c26023e6876a6e6", "text": "Boston, Indiana Boston is a town in Boston Township , Wayne County , in the U.S. state of Indiana . The population was 138 at the 2010 census .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c75002bb85be45c9c9884e99f162fece", "text": "Seminary A seminary , theological seminary , theological college or divinity school is an educational institution for educating students ( sometimes called seminarians ) in theology , generally to prepare them for ordination as clergy , academia , or ministry . The English word is taken from the Latin seminarium , translated as seed-bed , an image taken from the Council of Trent document Cum adolescentium aetas which called for the first modern seminaries . In the West , the term now refers to Roman Catholic educational institutes and has widened to include other Christian denominations and American Jewish institutions .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "7ab1f89467354e9859b02275d9b71d3b", "text": "Duke Divinity School The Divinity School at Duke University in Durham , North Carolina is one of ten graduate or professional schools within Duke University . It is also one of thirteen seminaries founded and supported by the United Methodist Church . It has 39 full-time and 18 part-time faculty and over 500 full-time students . The current dean of The Divinity School is Elaine Heath , who assumed the deanship on July 1 , 2016 . Former deans include the prominent New Testament scholar Richard B. Hays who stepped down in 2015 , and L. Gregory Jones .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bdfcd2f334961aca38ead1c61b6fef0", "text": "Grand Rapids Theological Seminary Grand Rapids Theological Seminary ( GRTS ) of Cornerstone University is a multidenominational evangelical Christian seminary located in Grand Rapids , Michigan . GRTS is an accredited member of the Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada , The Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools , and is authorized by the Michigan State Board of Education to grant advanced theological degrees .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53725d8aa6193a9ce844a13773fbe734", "text": "Portland Seminary Portland Seminary is a multi-denominational , university-based school that offers a variety of master 's degree and postgraduate degree programs in theology and ministry , located in Portland , Oregon . The Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada granted the seminary full accreditation in 1974 . It remains a fully accredited member to present . The Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities also certifies the seminary 's programs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d23538fce9c0daa5c57804d8b0d9a81", "text": "Jamiat al-Zahra Jami'at al-Zahra is the world 's main Shia seminary for women . It is located in Qom , Iran . The seminary teaches female students only , both Iranian and foreign . Most students attend the college , though distance learning is also possible . If they are single , students may reside in the dormitories associated with Jami'at al-Zahra . Otherwise , they live at home . Jami'at al-Zahra was founded in 1984 to unite several women 's seminaries in Qom , including Maktab-e Ali , Maktab-e Tawhid ( the women 's wing of the Haqqani seminary ) , and Dar al-Zahra ( the women 's wing of grand ayatollah Shariatmadari 's Dar al-Tabligh ) , which had all opened in the 1970s . From its inception until today , 12.000 have enrolled in Jami'at al-Zahra . Many religious women enter Jami'at al-Zahra today , because `` there is less competition to enter these -LSB- religious -RSB- schools than to enter the universities , for which students need to pass the barrier of the national concour ( the national entrance exam ) . '' Teachers at Jami'at al-Zahra include Rahim Ra'ouf , Fariba Alasvand and Farideh Mostafavi ( Khomeini 's daughter ) . One of the students of Jami'at al-Zahra used to publish a blog about her life at the seminary , as well as the life of her husband who also studied in Qom . The very popular blog was called the `` Journal of the Wife of a Cleric '' ( `` Yaddasht haye hamsar-e yek rohani '' ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe308342e11edc73653749c354a1b876", "text": "Lecture A lecture ( from the French ` lecture ' , meaning ` reading ' -LSB- process -RSB- ) is an oral presentation intended to present information or teach people about a particular subject , for example by a university or college teacher . Lectures are used to convey critical information , history , background , theories , and equations . A politician 's speech , a minister 's sermon , or even a businessman 's sales presentation may be similar in form to a lecture . Usually the lecturer will stand at the front of the room and recite information relevant to the lecture 's content . Though lectures are much criticised as a teaching method , universities have not yet found practical alternative teaching methods for the large majority of their courses . Critics point out that lecturing is mainly a one-way method of communication that does not involve significant audience participation but relies upon passive learning . Therefore , lecturing is often contrasted to active learning . Lectures delivered by talented speakers can be highly stimulating ; at the very least , lectures have survived in academia as a quick , cheap , and efficient way of introducing large numbers of students to a particular field of study . Lectures have a significant role outside the classroom , as well . Academic and scientific awards routinely include a lecture as part of the honor , and academic conferences often center on `` keynote addresses '' , i.e. , lectures . The public lecture has a long history in the sciences and in social movements . Union halls , for instance , historically have hosted numerous free and public lectures on a wide variety of matters . Similarly , churches , community centers , libraries , museums , and other organizations have hosted lectures in furtherance of their missions or their constituents ' interests . Lectures represent a continuation of oral tradition in contrast to textual communication in books and other media . Lectures may be considered a type of grey literature .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b22928f6e6706941f7d7ef7f6a63c3de", "text": "Redeemer Seminary Redeemer Seminary ( also known as Redeemer Theological Seminary ) is an Evangelical , Reformed , Christian theological seminary based in Dallas , Texas with a branch in Austin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f65dc673e8e66f30b542f0f66b395311", "text": "Andover Newton Theological School Andover Newton Theological School ( ANTS ) is an American graduate school and seminary located in Newton , Massachusetts . It is the oldest graduate seminary in the United States and the nation 's first graduate institution of any kind . Affiliated with the American Baptist Churches USA and the United Church of Christ , it is also a member of the Boston Theological Institute and is an official open and affirming seminary . In November 2015 , the school announced that it would sell its campus and relocate , after a presence of 190 years on that site .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4500c1f0287bf28bc560859bc52fdfa2", "text": "University A university ( universitas , `` a whole '' , `` a corporation '' ) is an institution of higher ( or tertiary ) education and research which grants academic degrees in various academic disciplines . Universities typically provide undergraduate education and postgraduate education . The word `` university '' is derived from the Latin universitas magistrorum et scholarium , which roughly means `` community of teachers and scholars . '' Universities were created in Italy and evolved from Cathedral schools for the clergy during the High Middle Ages .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3791a4d6d9863bb8d46897d3c0df8502", "text": "Westminster Theological Centre Westminster Theological Centre ( WTC ) is a college of higher education with head offices in Cheltenham , England , and learning centres throughout the UK , Channel Islands , and Northern Europe . WTC 's courses are validated by the University of Chester . It delivers courses in Kingdom theology at undergraduate and postgraduate levels . Courses are taught at local learning centres ( `` Hubs '' ) throughout the UK and Channel Islands , and include the One Year Certificate , BA , Graduate Diploma , and MA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e6cd79e4c7094c8e9b99126dda30250", "text": "Western Seminary Western Seminary is an evangelical theological seminary with physical campuses in Portland , Oregon , San Jose , California , Sacramento , California , and Seattle , Washington . Western Seminary also has online-only degrees and programs . The seminary offers Master 's Degrees in Divinity , Counseling , Intercultural Studies , Leadership and Theology along with Doctoral Programs in Ministry and Intercultural Studies . Western Seminary also provides non-credit classes through the Center for Leadership Development ( CLD ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f35f21a2c6ed3130346e4f04f0ae3a6", "text": "Dallas Theological Seminary Dallas Theological Seminary ( DTS ) is an evangelical theological seminary located in Dallas , Texas . It is known for popularizing the theological system known as Dispensationalism . DTS has extension campuses in Atlanta , Austin , Guatemala , Houston , Knoxville , San Antonio , Washington , D.C. , and Tampa and a multi-lingual online education program .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c0cd0176f3138c9578eee04effb8f03", "text": "St. Sava's Serbian Orthodox Seminary St. Sava Serbian Orthodox School of Theology ( Српска православна богословија светог Саве ; Srpska pravoslavna bogoslovija svetog Save ) in Libertyville , Illinois is the professional theological school in the Serbian Orthodox Church in the USA and Canada . The school is collocated with the St. Sava Serbian Orthodox Monastery . St Sava provides a four-year theological education for the priestly and religious education vocations in a program that grants a Bachelor 's degree upon graduation . The classes are open to both male and female students . Classes are taught in both English and Serbian . The student body of St. Sava school is currently 23 ( 2006 ) . The school possesses a library of 8,000 titles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e57f0ea891bc69e5b1ceea3d725e9e1", "text": "Milligan College Milligan College is a selective Christian liberal arts college founded in 1866 and located in the mountains of Upper East Tennessee and the Tri-Cities region of the state . The school has a student population of more than 1,200 students , most of whom reside and study on its 195 acre campus which is located just a few miles from downtown Johnson City . It is consistently ranked as one of the top liberal arts colleges in the country and well known for its core humanities program . Milligan was named a `` College of Distinction '' in 2011 . In 2016 , the college was named the number two institution of higher education in the state of Tennessee , second only to Vanderbilt University and was ranked one of the best colleges in the nation by the 2017 edition of The Princeton Review Milligan College is historically related to the Christian Churches/Churches of Christ , the Christian Church ( Disciples of Christ ) , and the a cappella Churches of Christ , with about 35 percent of the student body coming from these religious groups . While the college maintains close ties with the churches which founded it , the school welcomes students from all backgrounds . The college offers over 30 undergraduate programs of study and four graduate programs . As part of its focus on faith , Milligan strives to develop authentic Christian community , deep Christian spirituality , and a passion for Christian service among its students . The college works to prepare students to join God 's work of redemption and reconciliation in the larger world .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b28f3723cd7a828ba01ade569dad2e9", "text": "Saint Herman's Orthodox Theological Seminary Saint Herman 's Orthodox Theological Seminary is an Orthodox Christian seminary located in Kodiak , Alaska , with a campus in Anchorage . Established as a pastoral school in 1972 , the seminary now provides a number of educational programs to prepare students for work in the Orthodox Church , as readers , choir directors , church school teachers , and clergy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc4ba9e680b9e4e5a1ad988b0e67ce44", "text": "Heidelberg University Faculty of Theology The Faculty of Theology is one of twelve faculties at the University of Heidelberg . It was one of the four founding faculties in 1386 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c15054b472d5bbe71615c3bf1813699", "text": "List of schools accredited by the Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada This is a list of the graduate schools of theology accredited by the Commission on Accrediting of the Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada '' ' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "874324628f63b205927adf9913ad7c4d", "text": "Southeastern Pennsylvania Synod The Southeastern Pennsylvania Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America is the regional ELCA judicatory of the Philadelphia metropolitan area . The synod covers Bucks , Chester , Delaware , and Montgomery counties as well as the City of Philadelphia . The synod , consisting of rostered leaders ( pastors , associates in ministry , deaconesses , and diaconal ministers ) and approximately 172 congregations and missions , is located in an area rich in German and Swedish history , with the latter bringing Lutheranism ( as missions of the Church of Sweden ) in the 1640s before the subsequent takeover of Tinicum ( present-day Chester ) by the British and the formation of the Province of Pennsylvania under the Quaker William Penn , who invited scores of people , mostly British Quakers and German Lutherans and Anabaptists ( Amish and Mennonite ) , to settle the land . Its predecessor body , the Ministerium of Pennsylvania and Adjacent States , the oldest Lutheran synod in America , was organized in 1748 at Philadelphia by the Lutheran patriarch , Pastor Henry Melchior Muhlenberg of Trappe , Pennsylvania . The synod is also the home of Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia ( LTSP ) , under which the ELCA maintains the main office of the seventh region , which oversees the ELCA 's New England , Upstate and Metropolitan New York Synods , the Slovak Zion Synod , New Jersey Synod , and two of the ELCA synods in Pennsylvania . The highest legislative authority of the synod is the Synod Assembly , which meets annually . The Synod Council is the board of directors of the synod and is its interim legislative authority between meetings of the Synod Assembly . The Synod Council normally meets five times every year and consists of 29 members . The Bishop is elected by the Synod Assembly and may serve an unlimited number of six-year terms . The other synod officers are the Vice President ( who must be a layperson ) , Secretary , and Treasurer ( either a layperson or a rostered pastor ) , all of whom may serve an unlimited number of four-year terms . The synod 's current office is located on the grounds of LTSP , having been moved from its previous office in Norristown , Pennsylvania in 2008 . Since the Called to Common Mission with the Episcopal Church , it has been in ecumenical partnership with the Episcopal Diocese of Pennsylvania , allowing the synod and the diocese to share both pastors and staff . Symbolically , the synod gave the diocese a baptismal font with the consecration of the new Philadelphia Episcopal Cathedral located in Philadelphia 's `` University City '' section ( near the University of Pennsylvania and Drexel University ) . In 2006 , the Rev. Claire Schenot Burkat , a Lutheran pastor who had been both on the synod 's and diocese 's `` deployed staff , '' in support of the formation of new congregations , was elected as the synod 's fourth bishop , and the first woman to hold the title . She was formally installed on October 14 , 2006 . Her co-consecrators included ELCA Presiding Bishop Mark S. Hanson and the Rt. . Rev. Samuel Colerman , former Episcopal bishop of Connecticut and former assistant bishop of Pennsylvania under the Rt. . Rev. Charles Bennison . Geographically , the synod shares the same five-county area as the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia and the Episcopal Diocese of Pennsylvania . The Eastern Pennsylvania Conference of the United Methodist Church , part of the larger Philadelphia Episcopal Area ( which includes the Peninsula Delaware Conference ) , is also located within the geographic boundaries of the Southeastern Pennsylvania Synod , but also includes territory located within the ELCA 's Northeastern Pennsylvania Synod , mostly the Lehigh Valley and Pocono Mountains regions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e8486da5d31284ef6c54680a7538d06", "text": "Adventist Theological Society The Adventist Theological Society ( ATS ) is an international nonprofit organization of Seventh-day Adventist scholars and lay-people . The society holds its annual meeting in connection with the Evangelical Theological Society . It describes its theology as `` balanced and conservative Adventist theology '' . The other main Adventist theological organization , the Adventist Society for Religious Studies is more liberal/progressive by comparison .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "882fcdd346caeb2242e13f88ad01f3de", "text": "Tokyo Christian University is a private university in Inzai , Chiba , Japan , offering an undergraduate liberal arts degree in both Japanese and English . The English-degree program is administered under the `` Asian Christian Theological Studies Program for English Speakers '' ( ACTS-ES ) , which integrates the liberal arts with Bible studies and theology , academic preparation with practical experience , the English language with Japanese studies , and the world 's cultures with Japan and Asia . All courses are offered in English , though two years of Japanese language study is required , and advanced students have the option of doing some coursework entirely in Japanese together with Japanese undergraduates . Students who meet advanced requirements may obtain a minor in Japanese Studies . International students and Japanese students are not segregated , as often happens at Japanese universities , but live together in on-campus dorms . TCU 's history spans 125 years of Japan 's 140-year Protestant history . The university emerged from a merger of three Christian schools . The oldest , founded in 1881 in Yokohama , focused on women 's education at a time when Japan offered women few opportunities for higher education . In 1949 Tokyo Christian Theological Seminary came into existence , and 1950 saw the establishment of the Japan Domei Institute . The Domei Institute later offered both a three - and a four-year course , achieving accreditation as a junior college . These three schools merged in 1979 , with the goal of upgrading the junior college into a university while maintaining the seminary as a distinct graduate program with its own identity . In 1989 , the merged school moved to its present location in Chiba New Town , a part of the greater Tokyo metropolitan area . Having achieved the approval of the Japanese Ministry of Education , the transition from the junior college to the university took place between 1990 and 1993 . The university admitted its first group of students in 1990 , when the junior college graduated its final class . In 1993 , the university gained full recognition from the Japanese Ministry of Education , and it continues in this status until today .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67e77fc40162f9e85106eb000da9fd76", "text": "List of colleges and seminaries affiliated with the Episcopal Church There are 10 theological seminaries officially affiliated with the Episcopal Church in the United States of America . Several universities and higher education colleges also have Episcopal Church origins and current affiliations . The Association of Episcopal Colleges is a consortium of colleges with historic and present ties to the Episcopal Church which works to support many of these institutions through the Episcopal Church .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "8b095a7cd7aff78f5852b1738fe675f5", "text": "Arnold Schwarzenegger Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger ( -LSB- ˈʃwɔːrtsənˌɛɡər -RSB- -LSB- ˈaɐ̯nɔlt ˈalɔʏs ˈʃvaɐ̯tsn̩ˌɛɡɐ -RSB- ; born July 30 , 1947 ) is an Austrian-American actor , producer , businessman , investor , author , philanthropist , activist , politician and former professional bodybuilder . He served two terms as the 38th Governor of California from 2003 to 2011 . Schwarzenegger began weight training at the age of 15 . He won the Mr. Universe title at age 20 and went on to win the Mr. Olympia contest seven times . Schwarzenegger has remained a prominent presence in bodybuilding and has written many books and articles on the sport . He is widely considered to be among the greatest bodybuilders of all time as well as bodybuilding 's biggest icon . Schwarzenegger gained worldwide fame as a Hollywood action film icon . His breakthrough film was the sword-and-sorcery epic Conan the Barbarian in 1982 , a box office hit that resulted in a sequel . In 1984 , Schwarzenegger appeared in James Cameron 's science-fiction thriller film The Terminator , a critical and commercial success . Schwarzenegger subsequently reprised the Terminator character in the franchise 's later installments : Terminator 2 : Judgment Day ( 1991 ) , Terminator 3 : Rise of the Machines ( 2003 ) , and Terminator Genisys ( 2015 ) . He has appeared in a number of successful films , such as Commando ( 1985 ) , The Running Man ( 1987 ) , Predator ( 1987 ) , Twins ( 1988 ) , Total Recall ( 1990 ) , Kindergarten Cop ( 1990 ) , and True Lies ( 1994 ) . In 2015 , it was announced that Schwarzenegger would replace Donald Trump as the host of The Celebrity Apprentice , though he left after one season due to conflicts caused by Trump 's remarks . Schwarzenegger was nicknamed `` the Austrian Oak '' in his bodybuilding days , `` Arnie '' during his acting career , and `` The Governator '' ( a portmanteau of `` Governor '' and `` The Terminator '' ) during his political career . As a Republican , Schwarzenegger was first elected on October 7 , 2003 , in a special recall election to replace then-Governor Gray Davis . He was sworn in on November 17 , to serve the remainder of Davis ' term . He was then re-elected on November 7 , 2006 , in the 2006 California gubernatorial election , to serve a full term as governor , defeating Democrat Phil Angelides , who was California State Treasurer at the time . Schwarzenegger was sworn in for his second term on January 5 , 2007 . In 2011 , he completed his second term as governor and returned to acting .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "129a6948cd9b2519cc9be13ab527fa44", "text": "James Cameron James Francis `` Jim '' Cameron ( born August 16 , 1954 ) is a Canadian filmmaker , director , producer , screenwriter , inventor , engineer , philanthropist , and deep-sea explorer . He first found major success with the science-fiction action film The Terminator ( 1984 ) . He then became a popular Hollywood director and was hired to write and direct Aliens ( 1986 ) ; three years later he followed up with The Abyss ( 1989 ) . He found further critical acclaim for his use of special effects in Terminator 2 : Judgment Day ( 1991 ) . After his film True Lies ( 1994 ) Cameron took on his biggest film at the time , Titanic ( 1997 ) , which earned him Academy Awards for Best Picture , Best Director and Best Film Editing . After Titanic , Cameron began a project that took almost 10 years to make : his science-fiction epic Avatar ( 2009 ) , which was in particular a landmark for 3D technology , and for which he received nominations for the same three Academy Awards . Despite Avatar being his only movie made to date in 3D , Cameron is the most successful 3D film-maker in terms of box-office revenue . In the time between making Titanic and Avatar , Cameron spent several years creating many documentary films ( specifically underwater documentaries ) and co-developed the digital 3D Fusion Camera System . Described by a biographer as part scientist and part artist , Cameron has also contributed to underwater filming and remote vehicle technologies . On March 26 , 2012 , Cameron reached the bottom of the Mariana Trench , the deepest part of the ocean , in the Deepsea Challenger submersible . He is the first person to do this in a solo descent , and is only the third person to do so ever . In total , Cameron 's directorial efforts have grossed approximately US$ 2 billion in North America and US$ 6 billion worldwide . Not adjusted for inflation , Cameron 's Titanic and Avatar are the two highest-grossing films of all time at $ 2.19 billion and $ 2.78 billion respectively . Cameron also holds the achievement of having directed two of the three films in history to gross over $ 2 billion worldwide . In March 2011 , he was named Hollywood 's top earner by Vanity Fair , with estimated 2010 earnings of $ 257 million . In October 2013 , a new species of frog Pristimantis jamescameroni from Venezuela was named after him in recognition of his efforts in environmental awareness , in addition to his public promotion of veganism .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "bd5f9f5ec08874c3550361e882a11e2b", "text": "Robin Spry Robin Spry ( October 25 , 1939 -- March 28 , 2005 ) was a Canadian film director and television producer and screenwriter . Spry was perhaps best known for his documentary films Action : The October Crisis of 1970 and Reaction : A Portrait of a Society in Crisis about Quebec 's October Crisis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d912c70d309dcdb560bc5e7accd44ce", "text": "Eclipse (1994 film) Eclipse is a Canadian drama film , written and directed by Jeremy Podeswa and released in 1994 . Set in Toronto during the two-week period leading up to a total eclipse of the sun , the film revolves around ten characters whose urban lifestyles are marked by emotional and social disconnection from others . Against the backdrop of the media circus surrounding the rare celestial event , each of the ten characters struggles to connect with others through various sexual encounters . The film 's cast includes Von Flores , Matthew Ferguson , Pascale Montpetit , Maria del Mar , Greg Ellwand , Kirsten Johnson , Rosalind Kerr and Earl Pastko .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e1795c1352244a9dac82561915845759", "text": "John Palmer (director) John Palmer ( born 1943 in Ottawa , Ontario ) is a Canadian theatre and film director and playwright . Cofounder of several Toronto theatre companies in the 1970s , Palmer is primarily a theatre director , whose credits include the original production of Brad Fraser 's Wolfboy which marked the first acting role for Keanu Reeves . He has also directed two feature films , Me in 1975 and Sugar in 2004 . He also directed/co-wrote the short film The Archer ( 2005 ) , which is about the rise and fall of relationships . The film stars Kim Poirier , Dov Tiefenbach and Anthony Furey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c97cfb845c1f466d300a36c0b54caa0", "text": "Precious Cargo (film) Precious Cargo is a 2016 Canadian action film directed by Max Adams , co-written by Adams and Paul V. Seetachitt , and starring Mark-Paul Gosselaar and Bruce Willis , alongside a supporting cast featuring Claire Forlani , John Brotherton , Lydia Hull , and Daniel Bernhardt . The film was released on April 22 , 2016 , by Lionsgate Premiere .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bf1784ed8692cc632b5e5eec87b6423d", "text": "Pierre David Pierre David ( born May 17 , 1944 ) is a Canadian film producer and film financier . David is best known for executive-producing iconic films directed by David Cronenberg , such as Scanners , Videodrome , and The Brood . He is also credited as `` production executive '' on the Academy Award-winning film Platoon , directed by Oliver Stone . He has since produced dozens of independent films , mainly in the thriller genre , and is still actively producing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8f0c13c15d9cbe0fcd57dcc446b0ccd", "text": "Clement Virgo Clement Virgo ( born June 1 , 1966 in Montego Bay , Jamaica ) is a Canadian film and television writer , producer and director who runs the production company , Conquering Lion Pictures , with producer Damon D'Oliveira . Virgo is best known for co-writing and directing an adaptation of the novel by Canadian writer Lawrence Hill , The Book of Negroes ( 2015 ) , a six-part miniseries that aired on CBC Television in Canada and BET in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ccd1f6917e7da5a86046ef187c814d4f", "text": "A Dangerous Method A Dangerous Method is a 2011 German-Canadian-American-British historical film directed by David Cronenberg and starring Keira Knightley , Viggo Mortensen , Michael Fassbender , and Vincent Cassel . The screenplay was adapted by writer Christopher Hampton from his 2002 stage play The Talking Cure , which was based on the 1993 non-fiction book by John Kerr , A Most Dangerous Method : The story of Jung , Freud , and Sabina Spielrein . The film marks the third consecutive collaboration between Cronenberg and Viggo Mortensen ( after A History of Violence and Eastern Promises ) . This is also the third Cronenberg film made with British film producer Jeremy Thomas , after completing together the William Burroughs adaptation Naked Lunch and the J. G. Ballard adaptation Crash . A Dangerous Method was a German/Canadian co-production . The film premiered at the 68th Venice Film Festival and was also featured at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival . Set on the eve of World War I , A Dangerous Method describes the turbulent relationships between Carl Jung , founder of analytical psychology ; Sigmund Freud , founder of the discipline of psychoanalysis ; and Sabina Spielrein , initially a patient of Jung and later a physician and one of the first female psychoanalysts . Among the film 's many honors , Mortensen was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture for his portrayal of Freud .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2945459187894abc9e97b22ec4024501", "text": "Andrea Arnold Andrea Arnold , OBE ( born 5 April 1961 ) is an English filmmaker and former actress . She won an Academy Award for her short film Wasp in 2005 and has since made the leap to feature films and television , including Red Road , Fish Tank and American Honey , all of which have won the Jury Prize at the Cannes Film Festival . Most recently , she directed three episodes of the Emmy-winning series Transparent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb3caff8729c1dbbe445077ef17e625d", "text": "Alf Schwarz Alf Schwarz ( 22 May 1935 -- 3 August 2015 ) was a Canadian sociologist noted for his research in Sub-Saharan Africa . After studies at the Sorbonne ( Paris ) with Raymond Aron , Pierre Bourdieu , Claude Lévi-Strauss , Roger Bastide , Georges Balandier and research assignment at Université de Dakar ( Senegal ) , he began his academic career in 1963 with a faculty position at the Institut de recherches économiques et sociales of Université Lovanium ( Kinshasa , RDC ) . He joined in 1966 Université Laval ( Quebec City ) as professor of sociology . He founded at Laval University the first academic program in African studies in French speaking Canada . As one of the pioneers of African studies in Canada he was decidedly involved in the creation of the Canadian Association of African Studies and edited for many years the Canadian Journal of African Studies/La Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines . He retired from Laval University in 1998 . He died in Natal , Brazil in 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31cfab87e040e3a0bb14cd07834d02b5", "text": "Searchers (film) Searchers ( Maliglutit ) is a 2016 Inuktitut-language Canadian drama film directed by Zacharias Kunuk and Natar Ungalaaq , which premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival . Based in part on the 1956 John Ford film The Searchers , the film is set in Northern Canada in 1913 . It centres on Kuanana ( Benjamin Kunuk ) , a man who returns from hunting to discover that much of his family has been killed and his wife and daughter have been kidnapped . The film was shot in Nunavut with an entirely Inuit cast , and with contributions from a local crew . The production was troubled by extreme cold . It has received positive reviews in Canada , and was nominated for two Canadian Screen Awards , including Best Motion Picture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e9e44f08a9def07b6a45ae54f234d827", "text": "We Can't Make the Same Mistake Twice We Ca n't Make the Same Mistake Twice is a 2016 Canadian documentary film by Alanis Obomsawin about the First Nations activist Cindy Blackstock and her court case against the federal government of Canada for underfunding social services to children living on First Nations reserves . The film details how the federal government has resisted applying Jordan 's Principle to restitution efforts . Also appearing in the film is Assembly of First Nations lawyer David Nahwegahbow , who describes the government 's efforts to avoid living up to its agreements with Indigenous peoples . To make the film , Obomsawin followed the case for six years , recording testimony from all sides . We Ca n't Make the Same Mistake Twice is the 49th film that Obomsawin has directed for the National Film Board of Canada -- with her 50th , Norway House , in production .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f477a0e502b7a950c97e8d2e9d639954", "text": "Jimmy Hayward James `` Jimmy '' Hayward ( born September 17 , 1970 ) is a Canadian-American film director , screenwriter and animator .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e544435e732033a6be942249c11bf37c", "text": "Douglas Arrowsmith Douglas Arrowsmith is a Canadian film director and writer . He has produced award-winning documentaries for CBC Television , music videos , and feature-length films for BBC Four , The Movie Network and HBO Canada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "adcd701cfee2e63353f1136105dd4579", "text": "Ivan Reitman Ivan Reitman , OC ( born October 27 , 1946 ) is a Canadian film producer and director , best known for his comedy work , especially in the 1980s and 1990s . He is the owner of The Montecito Picture Company , founded in 2000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f5e53cfede627f8cbb57d13ba14ca818", "text": "Commando (1985 film) Commando is a 1985 American action film directed by Mark L. Lester , and starring Arnold Schwarzenegger and Rae Dawn Chong . The film was released in the United States on October 4 , 1985 . The film was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Special Effects but lost to Back to the Future . The film 's score was provided by James Horner . A critical and commercial success , Commando was the 7th highest-grossing R-rated movie of 1985 worldwide , and the 25th highest-grossing overall .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f84982467ca70a1dbcbf163fb4e97e3", "text": "Nadine Schiff Nadine Schiff is a Canadian film producer , screenwriter , author and philanthropist from Los Angeles , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d258489fbaf472858203704455e2012", "text": "Christian Schwarzenegger Christian Schwarzenegger ( born 11 November 1959 in Zürich ) is a Swiss academic lawyer and professor of criminal law , criminal procedure and criminology at the University of Zurich . He is the son of an Austrian musician and later engineer , who immigrated in the 1950s from Styria to Switzerland . The father of Christian Schwarzenegger is a cousin of Arnold Schwarzenegger , the actor and former governor of California . Christian Schwarzenegger grew up in Zürich . He has been married since 1986 and has a son .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48505a4e30aed3797b5ff44c81bdc4ed", "text": "Chris Carter (actor) Chris Carter is a Canadian actor and screenwriter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e945e4d7947cf32d518f841971c10340", "text": "Nicole Stamp Nicole Stamp is a Canadian television host , actress , filmmaker , director , playwright , and voice actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7fea7214776e48b8df3ba17ee50bb7ba", "text": "David DeCoteau David DeCoteau ( born January 5 , 1962 , Portland , Oregon ) is an American-Canadian film director and producer .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "269212d6a9ce52ba354f006e4db16038", "text": "Event management Event management is the application of project management to the creation and development of large scale events such as festivals , conferences , ceremonies , formal parties , concerts , or conventions . It involves studying the brand , identifying it 's target audience , devising the event concept , and coordinating the technical aspects before actually launching the event . The process of planning and coordinating the event is usually referred to as event planning and which can include budgeting , scheduling , site selection , acquiring necessary permits , coordinating transportation and parking , arranging for speakers or entertainers , arranging decor , event security , catering , coordinating with third party vendors , and emergency plans . The events industry now includes events of all sizes from the Olympics down to business breakfast meetings . Many industries , charitable organizations , and interest groups hold events in order to market themselves , build business relationships , raise money , or celebrate achievement .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c427ec0bff7aec5fe35a1d36da6c7fd9", "text": "Design management Design management is a business discipline that uses project management , design , strategy , and supply chain techniques to control a creative process , support a culture of creativity , and build a structure and organization for design . The objective of design management is to develop and maintain an efficient business environment in which an organization can achieve its strategic and mission goals through design . Design management is a comprehensive activity at all levels of business ( operational to strategic ) , from the discovery phase to the execution phase . `` Simply put , design management is the business side of design . Design management encompasses the ongoing processes , business decisions , and strategies that enable innovation and create effectively-designed products , services , communications , environments , and brands that enhance our quality of life and provide organizational success . '' The discipline of design management overlaps with marketing management , operations management , and strategic management . Traditionally , design management was seen as limited to the management of design projects , but over time , it evolved to include other aspects of an organization at the functional and strategic level . A more recent debate concerns the integration of design thinking into strategic management as a cross-disciplinary and human-centered approach to management . This paradigm also focuses on a collaborative and iterative style of work and an abductive mode of inference , compared to practices associated with the more traditional management paradigm . Design has become a strategic asset in brand equity , differentiation , and product quality for many companies . More and more organizations apply design management to improve design-relevant activities and to better connect design with corporate strategy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "687bfb60abe1a84d136f61e823ca0c27", "text": "Apple event Apple events are the message-based interprocess communication mechanism in Mac OS , first appearing in System 7 and supported by every version of the classic Mac OS since then and by macOS . Apple events describe `` high-level '' events such as `` open document '' or `` print file '' , whereas earlier OSs had supported much more basic events , namely `` click '' and `` keypress '' . Apple events form the basis of the Mac OS scripting system , the Open Scripting Architecture ( the primary language of such being AppleScript ) . The starting point is a dynamically-typed , extensible descriptor format called an AEDesc , which is just an OSType code specifying the data type , together with a block of type-dependent data . For instance , the OSType code inte indicates that the data was a four-byte signed integer in big-endian format . Besides predefined type codes for various common simple types , there are two predefined structured descriptor types : an AERecord , which has data type reco ( record ) , and AEList with type list ( list or array ) . The internal structure of these contain recursively-nested AEDescs , while the AERecord also associates each element with a unique record field ID , which is an OSType . The Apple Event Manager provides API calls to construct these structures , as well as extract their contents and query the type of contents they hold . The Apple Event Manager also supports coercions , which converts AEDescs from one data type to another . In addition to standard coercions , for instance between integer and real types , applications can install their own coercion handler callbacks , which handle conversions to and from custom data types . An Apple event proper is an AERecord with fields that depended on the purpose of the event . In addition , it has attributes ( which are distinct from record fields , which are now called the parameters of the event ) from a set predefined by the Apple Event Manager . These specify what the event is supposed to do ( through event class and event ID ) , the target address to which the event is to be sent ( which could be a process on the local or a remote machine ) , and various other options for handling it . Remote machines initially had to be connected via AppleTalk , but Mac OS 9 added the option for connections via TCP/IP . After sending an Apple event to its target process , the sending process can elect to receive a reply Apple event . This can contain various bits of information returned from the target about the processing of the original event , including an error code indicating success/failure , any information requested by the original event , and/or other appropriate information . Apple events are the foundation of the AppleEvent Object Model , which in turn is the foundation of the OSA and AppleScript . , the official implementation of the Apple Event Manager API is available in C and its descendants , including C++ . Official bindings are also provided for Objective-C and Swift through the Cocoa API . Unofficial bindings also exist for other languages ( with varying degrees of limitation ) , including Perl , UserTalk , Ruby and Python .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58dae6961819b0d0420fc0482a1e9584", "text": "Departure control system A Departure Control System ( DCS ) automates processing an airlines ' airport management operation . This includes managing the information required for airport check-in and printing boarding card , baggage acceptance , boarding , load control and aircraft checks . Today DCS mostly ( 98 % ) manage electronic tickets via interfaces from range of devices including check-in kiosks , online check-in , mobile boarding cards , and baggage handling . DCS are able to identify , capture and update reservations from an airlines Computer Reservation System for passengers stored in a so-called Passenger Name Record ( PNR ) . A DCS is used to update reservations , typically as checked-in , boarded , flown or another status . Additionally and increasingly a DCS for some city-pair sectors may also be connected with immigration control for visa , immigration and passenger no-fly watchlists . Historically systems developed in North America have incorporated DCS functions as part of the reservations systems with check-in being initiated directly from the PNR . Load control ( weight and balance ) is then provided by a standalone application . Systems developed by airlines outside North America have traditionally had a separate database for DCS , requiring passenger data to be transferred from the PNR into DCS records . These systems have an integrated weight and balance capability . So-called `` new generation '' DCSs are being developed and deployed by vendors such as Amadeus and SITA as part of the overall re-engineering of airline Passenger Services Systems . These new systems typically use a common database and a services oriented architecture that allows reservations , check-in and other services to maintain a consistent view of passenger information . Larger international airports will have a range of DCS or a single DCS which each particular airline carrier can integrate with for streamlined operations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46cde8a308009239a4e61a7124bb43f2", "text": "Helicopter flight controls A helicopter pilot manipulates the helicopter flight controls to achieve and maintain controlled aerodynamic flight . Changes to the aircraft flight control system transmit mechanically to the rotor , producing aerodynamic effects on the rotor blades that make the helicopter move in a deliberate way . To tilt forward and back ( pitch ) or sideways ( roll ) , requires that the controls alter the angle of attack of the main rotor blades cyclically during rotation , creating differing amounts of lift ( force ) at different points in the cycle . To increase or decrease overall lift requires that the controls alter the angle of attack for all blades collectively by equal amounts at the same time , resulting in ascent , descent , acceleration and deceleration . A typical helicopter has three flight control inputs -- the cyclic stick , the collective lever , and the anti-torque pedals . Depending on the complexity of the helicopter , the cyclic and collective may be linked together by a mixing unit , a mechanical or hydraulic device that combines the inputs from both and then sends along the `` mixed '' input to the control surfaces to achieve the desired result . The manual throttle may also be considered a flight control because it is needed to maintain rotor speed on smaller helicopters without governors . The governors also help the pilot control the collective pitch on the helicopters main rotors , to keep a stable , more accurate flight .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d7e05041d71cedb8828e6ce247f5046", "text": "Flight dynamics (fixed-wing aircraft) Flight dynamics is the science of air vehicle orientation and control in three dimensions . The three critical flight dynamics parameters are the angles of rotation in three dimensions about the vehicle 's center of mass , known as pitch , roll and yaw . Aerospace engineers develop control systems for a vehicle 's orientation ( attitude ) about its center of mass . The control systems include actuators , which exert forces in various directions , and generate rotational forces or moments about the aerodynamic center of the aircraft , and thus rotate the aircraft in pitch , roll , or yaw . For example , a pitching moment is a vertical force applied at a distance forward or aft from the aerodynamic center of the aircraft , causing the aircraft to pitch up or down . Roll , pitch and yaw refer to rotations about the respective axes starting from a defined steady flight equilibrium state . The equilibrium roll angle is known as wings level or zero bank angle , equivalent to a level heeling angle on a ship . Yaw is known as `` heading '' . The equilibrium pitch angle in submarine and airship parlance is known as `` trim '' , but in aircraft , `` trim '' usually refers to the equilibrium angle of attack , rather than orientation . However , common usage ignores this distinction between equilibrium and dynamic cases . The most common aeronautical convention defines the roll as acting about the longitudinal axis , positive with the starboard ( right ) wing down . The yaw is about the vertical body axis , positive with the nose to starboard . Pitch is about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal plane of symmetry , positive nose up . A fixed-wing aircraft increases or decreases the lift generated by the wings when it pitches nose up or down by increasing or decreasing the angle of attack ( AOA ) . The roll angle is also known as bank angle on a fixed-wing aircraft , which usually `` banks '' to change the horizontal direction of flight . An aircraft is usually streamlined from nose to tail to reduce drag making it typically advantageous to keep the sideslip angle near zero , though there are instances when an aircraft may be deliberately `` sideslipped '' for example a slip in a fixed-wing aircraft .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f6b7bc9b93ac288d3e93719e5f61b783", "text": "Enrollment management Enrollment Management is a term that is used frequently in higher education to describe well-planned strategies and tactics to shape the enrollment of an institution and meet established goals . Plainly stated , enrollment management is an organizational concept and a systematic set of activities designed to enable educational institutions to exert more influence over their student enrollments . Such practices often include marketing , admission policies , retention programs , and financial aid awarding . Strategies and tactics are informed by collection , analysis , and use of data to project successful outcomes . Activities that produce measurable improvements in yields are continued and/or expanded , while those activities that do not are discontinued or restructured . Competitive efforts to recruit students is a common emphasis of enrollment managers . The numbers of universities and colleges instituting offices of `` enrollment management '' have increased in recent years . These offices serve to provide direction and coordination of efforts of multiple offices such as admissions , financial aid , registration , and other student services . Often these offices are part of an enrollment management division . Some of the typical aims of enrollment management include : Improving yields at inquiry , application , and enrollment stages . Increasing net revenue , usually by improving the proportion of entering students capable of paying most or all of unsubsidized tuition ( `` full-pays '' ) Increasing demographic diversity Improving retention rates Increasing applicant pools According to Matthew Quirk : More-advanced enrollment managers also tend to focus as much on retaining admitted students as on deciding whom to recruit and accept . They smooth out administrative hassles , guarantee at-risk students the advising and academic help they need , and ensure that the different parts of the university 's bureaucracy work together to get students out the door with a degree .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c01b13a54e784b37e5e4499da5d61824", "text": "Evolution of Management Systems ' A management system is the framework of processes and procedures used to ensure that an organization can fulfill all tasks required to achieve its objectives . After World War II , the reigning paradigm of product-oriented mass production had reached its peak . Examples of management systems at that time are linear assembly lines , organizational hierarchies of command , product quality control and mass consumption . Soon afterwards , the Deming-Juran process-quality teachings spearheaded a new quality orientation ( later referred to as Total quality management ) and propelled Japan directly to the post-war process focus ( process quality control , just-in-time , continuous improvement ) . The US responded by a painful and prolonged product-to-process transformation , ultimately leveling the playing field again by the mid 1980s . At the end of the 1980s , business process reengineering focused on the radical redesign of the production process through the reintegration of task , labor and knowledge . As a result , lean , flexible and streamlined production processes were created , capable of fast response and internet-based integration necessary for the upcoming phase of supply chains - business-to-business ( B2B ) -- as well as demand chains -- business-to-customer ( B2C ) . In the above three stages of Evolution of Management Systems '' ' , the competitive advantage was derived almost exclusively from the internal resources of the firm . At the end of the 1980s , a radical fourth shift has occurred : the competitive advantage became increasingly derived from the external resources of the firm -- through the extended networks of suppliers and customers . Figure 1 refers to the basic scheme of production and service delivery process . It represents the traditional linear input-process-output management system . This system has been fixed and unchanging for centuries . The only change has been in terms of changing focus on individual components of the system , emphasizing different parts of this basic scheme . Although the scheme itself ( inputs → process → outputs ) remains mostly unchallenged , there are some indications that this business model will undergo major restructurings in the future ( in the emerging stages of Evolution of Management Systems ) . It will become disaggregated and distributed , subjected to non-linear modularity and bringing forth new ways of making things and delivering services . Then it will become reintegrated again , tying together globally distributed components into a unified recycling whole .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15fd614c7d141e4d2d68149e4ef58b8d", "text": "Foresight (futures studies) In futures studies , especially in Europe , the term `` foresight '' has become widely used to describe activities such as : critical thinking concerning long-term developments , debate and for some futurists who are normative and focus on action driven by their values who may be concerned with effort to create wider participatory democracy . Foresight is a set of competencies and not a value system , however . shaping the future , especially by influencing public policy . In the last decade , scenario methods , for example , have become widely used in some European countries in policy-making . The FORSOCIETY network brings together national Foresight teams from most European countries , and the European Foresight Monitoring Project is collating material on Foresight activities around the world . In addition , foresight methods are being used more and more in regional planning and decision -- making ( `` regional foresight '' ) . Several non-European think-tanks like Strategic Foresight Group are also enagaged in foresight studies . The foresight of futures studies is also known as strategic foresight . this foresight used by and describing professional futurists trained in Master 's programs is the research-driven practice of exploring expected and alternative futures and guiding futures to inform strategy . Foresight includes understanding the relevant recent past ; scanning to collect insight about present , futuring to describe the understood future including trend research ; environment research to explore possible trend breaks from developments on the fringe and other divergencies that may lead to alternative futures ; visioning to define preferred future states ; designing strategies to craft this future ; and adapting the present forces to implement this plan . There is notable but not complete overlap between foresight and strategic planning , change management , forecasting , and design thinking . At the same time , the use of foresight for companies ( `` corporate foresight '' ) is becoming more professional and widespread Corporate foresight is used to support strategic management , identify new business fields and increase the innovation capacity of a firm . Foresight is not the same as futures research or strategic planning . It encompasses a range of approaches that combine the three components mentioned above , which may be recast as : futures ( forecasting , forward thinking , prospectives ) , planning ( strategic analysis , priority setting ) , and networking ( participatory , dialogic ) tools and orientations . Much futures research has been rather ivory tower work , but Foresight programmes were designed to influence policy - often R&D policy . Much technology policy had been very elitist ; Foresight attempts to go beyond the `` usual suspects '' and gather widely distributed intelligence . These three lines of work were already common in Francophone futures studies going by the name la prospective . But in the 1990s we began to see what became an explosion of systematic organisation of these methods in large scale TECHNOLOGY FORESIGHT programmes in Europe and more widely . Foresight thus draws on traditions of work in long-range planning and strategic planning , horizontal policymaking and democratic planning , and participatory futures studies - but was also highly influenced by systemic approaches to innovation studies , science and technology policy , and analysis of `` critical technologies '' . Many of the methods that are commonly associated with Foresight - Delphi surveys , scenario workshops , etc. - derive from the futures field . So does the fact that Foresight is concerned with : The longer-term - futures that are usually at least 10 years away ( though there are some exceptions to this , especially in its use in private business ) . Since Foresight is action-oriented ( the planning link ) it will rarely be oriented to perspectives beyond a few decades out ( though where decisions like aircraft design , power station construction or other major infrastructural decisions are concerned , then the planning horizon may well be half a century ) . Alternative futures : it is helpful to examine alternative paths of development , not just what is currently believed to be most likely or business as usual . Often Foresight will construct multiple scenarios . These may be an interim step on the way to creating what may be known as positive visions , success scenarios , aspirational futures . Sometimes alternative scenarios will be a major part of the output of Foresight work , with the decision about what future to build being left to other mechanisms .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e264c4169bdd745a18d41bab2c30fdac", "text": "Deadline-monotonic scheduling Deadline-monotonic priority assignment is a priority assignment policy used with fixed priority pre-emptive scheduling . With deadline-monotonic priority assignment , tasks are assigned priorities according to their deadlines ; the task with the shortest deadline being assigned the highest priority . This priority assignment policy is optimal for a set of periodic or sporadic tasks which comply with the following restrictive system model : All tasks have deadlines less than or equal to their minimum inter-arrival times ( or periods ) . All tasks have worst-case execution times ( WCET ) that are less than or equal to their deadlines . All tasks are independent and so do not block each other 's execution ( for example by accessing mutually exclusive shared resources ) . No task voluntarily suspends itself . There is some point in time , referred to as a critical instant , where all of the tasks become ready to execute simultaneously . Scheduling overheads ( switching from one task to another ) are zero . All tasks have zero release jitter ( the time from the task arriving to it becoming ready to execute ) . If restriction 7 is lifted , then `` deadline minus jitter '' monotonic priority assignment is optimal . If restriction 1 . is lifted allowing deadlines greater than periods , then Audsley 's optimal priority assignment algorithm may be used to find the optimal priority assignment . Deadline monotonic priority assignment is not optimal for fixed priority non-pre-emptive scheduling . A fixed priority assignment policy P is referred to as optimal if no task set exists which is schedulable using a different priority assignment policy which is not also schedulable using priority assignment policy P. Or in other words : Deadline-monotonic priority assignment ( DMPA ) policy is optimal if any process set , Q , that is schedulable by priority scheme , W , is also schedulable by DMPA", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3aaab6b06344535b396510cf1ffebc5", "text": "Preparedness Preparedness refers to a very concrete research based set of actions that are taken as precautionary measures in the face of potential disasters . These actions can include both physical preparations ( such as emergency supplies depots , adapting buildings to survive earthquakes and so on ) and trainings for emergency action . Preparedness is an important quality in achieving goals and in avoiding and mitigating negative outcomes . There are different types of preparedness , such as public health preparedness and local emergency preparedness or snow preparedness ( i.e. : Snow Preparedness Teams - SPT ) , but probably the most developed type is `` Disaster Preparedness '' , defined by the UN as involving `` forecasting and taking precautionary measures prior to an imminent threat when advance warnings are possible '' . This includes not only natural disasters , but all kinds of severe damage caused in a relatively short period , including warfare . Preparedness is a major phase of emergency management , and is particularly valued in areas of competition such as sport and military science . Methods of preparation include research , estimation , planning , resourcing , education , practicing and rehearsing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "674c725dfae54613f931aade7f0345b4", "text": "Event loop In computer science , the event loop , message dispatcher , message loop , message pump , or run loop is a programming construct that waits for and dispatches events or messages in a program . It works by making a request to some internal or external `` event provider '' ( that generally blocks the request until an event has arrived ) , and then it calls the relevant event handler ( `` dispatches the event '' ) . The event-loop may be used in conjunction with a reactor , if the event provider follows the file interface , which can be selected or ` polled ' ( the Unix system call , not actual polling ) . The event loop almost always operates asynchronously with the message originator . When the event loop forms the central control flow construct of a program , as it often does , it may be termed the main loop or main event loop . This title is appropriate , because such an event loop is at the highest level of control within the program .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "971a42eec0da437dbd6d72c856c7889a", "text": "Airmanship Airmanship is skill and knowledge applied to aerial navigation , similar to seamanship in maritime navigation . Airmanship covers a broad range of desirable behaviors and abilities in an aviator . It is not simply a measure of skill or technique , but also a measure of a pilot 's awareness of the aircraft , the environment in which it operates , and of his own capabilities . Airmanship can be defined as : A sound acquaintance with the principles of flight , The ability to operate an airplane with competence and precision both on the ground and in the air , and The exercise of sound judgment that results in optimal operational safety and efficiency . The three fundamental principles of expert airmanship are skill , proficiency , and the discipline to apply them in a safe and efficient manner . Discipline is the foundation of airmanship . The complexity of the aviation environment demands a foundation of solid airmanship , and a healthy , positive approach to combating pilot error . The actions of Captain Alfred C. Haynes and the crew of United Airlines Flight 232 are often cited as an exemplar of good airmanship . They were able to maintain control of their crippled McDonnell Douglas DC-10 , bringing it to a survivable `` controlled crash '' in Sioux City , Iowa , after a complete loss of all flight controls following an engine failure in July 1989 . They did this by improvising a control scheme on the spot using differential thrust on the two working engines . Captain Haynes credited his Crew Resource Management training as one of the key factors that saved his own life , and many others . The U.S. National Transportation Safety Board occasionally cites poor airmanship as a contributing factor in its determination of probable cause in aviation accidents , although it is implicit in many of the pilot error causes it often uses . For example , in its report on the December 1 , 1993 fatal crash of Northwest Airlink Flight 5719 , the Board determined the `` failure of the company management to adequately address the previously identified deficiencies in airmanship '' was a contributing factor . More recently , in the February 2 , 2005 business jet accident at Teterboro Airport , NTSB investigator Steve Demko , speaking about the probable cause , said determining an aircraft 's weight and balance before takeoff is `` basic airmanship , '' a `` Flying 101 type of thing . '' And in the 2006 New York City plane crash that killed New York Yankees pitcher Cory Lidle , the NTSB cited `` inadequate judgement , planning and airmanship '' in its probable cause determination . A `` failure of airmanship '' was also cited by U.S. Military Authorities in the Tarnak Farm incident in Afghanistan , where the pilot of a U.S. F-16 Fighting Falcon mistakenly targeted a 250-kilogram laser-guided bomb on Canadian troops in April 2003 , killing four of them . Airmanship covers operation of the aircraft and all its systems , so in military usage , this includes the weapons systems of combat aircraft .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec5d2bbe4b46b69b1ec20af403ee80ee", "text": "Contact approach A Contact Approach is an approach available to aircraft operating on an IFR flight plan , where the pilot may deviate from the published instrument approach procedure ( IAP ) and proceed to the destination airport by visual reference to the surface . Only pilots may initiate a request for this type of approach , as regulations prohibit air traffic control ( ATC ) from asking pilots to perform them . A contact approach will only be issued if the aircraft is operating clear of clouds with at least 1-mile of flight visibility , with a reasonable expectation of continuing to the destination airport under those conditions . Additionally , the reported ground visibility at the destination airport must be at least 1 statute mile . In the execution of a contact approach , the pilot is responsible for obstruction clearance , but ATC will still provide separation from other IFR or Special VFR traffic . If radar service is being received , it will automatically terminate when the pilot is instructed to change to the airport 's advisory frequency . The pilot must advise ATC immediately if unable to continue the contact approach or if s/he encounters less than 1-mile flight visibility ; new instructions will then be provided by ATC . Also , ATC may issue alternative instructions if , in their judgment , weather conditions may make completion of the approach impracticable . The contact approach is often used as time - and fuel-savings method of working the air traffic control system to a pilot 's advantage . However , this shortcut comes with two important warnings : It is essentially a legalized form of scud-running , a potentially very dangerous practice . It works safely only if the pilot is completely familiar with local terrain . Thus , most instrument pilots will not fly them as they can be scary for the inexperienced . The Aeronautical Information Manual ( AIM ) , published by the Federal Aviation Administration ( FAA ) , emphasizes that the contact approach is meant only as a substitute for a standard IAP . It is not intended to be used as a `` poor man 's '' IFR approach to an airport not having a published approach procedure , nor is it to be used to approach one airport , break-off the approach in visual conditions , and then fly to another airport .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32c88301ae1b707a8536afad802f4c12", "text": "Functional Strategy Functional strategy - organizational plans prepared for various functional areas of a company 's organizational structure ( e.g. , marketing strategy , financial strategy , production strategy etc. ) . Functional strategies can be part of overall corporate strategy or serve as separate plans of strategy cascading/implementation within a functional area . Some common functional strategies are : Production strategy ( `` make or buy '' ) - defines what the company produces itself , and that purchases from suppliers or partners , that is , how far worked out the production chain . Financial Strategy - to select the main source of funding : the development of their own funds ( depreciation , profit , the issue of shares , etc. ) or through debt financing ( bank loans , bonds , commodity suppliers ' credits , etc. ) . Organizational strategy - decision on the organization of the staff ( choose the type of organizational structure , compensation system , etc. ) . others , such as : research and development ( R & D ) strategy , investment strategy , etc. . In addition , each of the functional strategies can be divided into components . For example , organizational strategy can be divided into three components : strategy of building organizations - to select the type of structure ( divisional , functional , project , etc. ) ; strategy to work with the staff - a way of training ( mainly administrative staff ) , training of staff ( in a business or educational institutions ) , career planning , etc. ; strategy of remuneration ( wages , rewards and penalties ) - in particular , the approach to the compensation of senior managers ( salary , bonuses , profit sharing , etc. ) . Responsible for implementation of the strategy at the functional level are senior specialists ( Ch . Engineer , Director of Finance ) . At the enterprise level - CEO , general director or director of the department , at the level of groups of companies - a collegiate body ( board of directors ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5fe53c72d1c87bd93583f719e17b1847", "text": "Indianapolis Air Route Traffic Control Center Indianapolis Air Route Traffic Control Center ( ZID ) , ( radio communications , `` Indianapolis Center '' ) is one of 22 established FAA Area Control Centers , and is physically located at 1850 South Sigsbee Street , Indianapolis , Indiana , ( United States ) . The primary responsibility of Indianapolis Center is sequencing and separation of over-flights , arrivals , and departures in order to provide safe , orderly , and expeditious flow of aircraft filed under instrument flight rules ( IFR ) . Indianapolis Center is the 12th busiest ARTCC in the United States . Between January 1 , 2012 and December 31 , 2012 , Indianapolis Center handled 1,922,383 aircraft operations . Indianapolis Center covers approximately 73,000 square miles of the Midwestern United States , including parts of Indiana , Illinois , Kentucky , Ohio , West Virginia , Virginia and Tennessee . Indianapolis Center lies adjacent to six Air Route Traffic Control Centers : Washington Air Route Traffic Control Center , Atlanta Air Route Traffic Control Center , Memphis Air Route Traffic Control Center , Kansas City Air Route Traffic Control Center , Cleveland Air Route Traffic Control Center , and Chicago Air Route Traffic Control Center . ZID overlies or abuts many approach control facilities ( including Indianapolis , Louisville , Cincinnati , Dayton , Columbus , and Charleston ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5badeb3a5868eec78b9892fc9baa1ac", "text": "Event (computing) In computing , an event is an action or occurrence recognized by software that may be handled by the software . Computer events can be generated or triggered by the system , by the user or in other ways . Typically , events are handled synchronously with the program flow , that is , the software may have one or more dedicated places where events are handled , frequently an event loop . A source of events includes the user , who may interact with the software by way of , for example , keystrokes on the keyboard . Another source is a hardware device such as a timer . Software can also trigger its own set of events into the event loop , e.g. to communicate the completion of a task . Software that changes its behavior in response to events is said to be event-driven , often with the goal of being interactive .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e371c3618305139994e63dbfe1ac4ea0", "text": "Macromanagement Macromanagement is the act of leading decision makers or managing the managers . Macromanagement is a close concept to the economic concept of mechanism design . When a macromanager directs a system , first he will focus on the system 's entities ( such as constraints , rules , information architecture , etc. ) and thereafter he will change them so that the system spontaneously moves to the defined aim , i.e. to the new lower potentials which a macromanager has tuned . Therefore , to manage a system , a macromanager begins by evaluating the potential of different elements of the system to determine the most appropriate route . Then , instead of driving toward objectives or impeding anomalies , he works on the metasystem , rules , potential coefficients , categorizations , information architectures , etc. . After a while , the system naturally and spontaneously proceeds to well-defined aims with a selected pace . Because it is spontaneous , opposing the system seems to be an irregular manner . Meanwhile , because of the nature of the mentioned process , no one would consider the presence of macromanager .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0d592faf10d6e203da34e0545ba7ed3", "text": "Electronic flight bag An electronic flight bag ( EFB ) is an electronic information management device that helps flight crews perform flight management tasks more easily and efficiently with less paper . It is a general purpose computing platform intended to reduce , or replace , paper-based reference material often found in the pilot 's carry-on flight bag , including the aircraft operating manual , flight-crew operating manual , and navigational charts ( including moving map for air and ground operations ) . In addition , the EFB can host purpose-built software applications to automate other functions normally conducted by hand , such as performance take-off calculations . The EFB gets its name from the traditional pilot 's flight bag , which is typically a heavy ( up to 40 lb/18 kg or more ) documents bag that pilots carry to the cockpit . The electronic flight bag is the replacement of those documents in a digital format . EFB weights are typically 1 to 5 pounds ( 0.5 to 2.2 kg ) , about the same as a laptop computer , and a fraction of the weight and volume of the paper publications . There are numerous benefits for using an EFB but specific benefits vary depending on the size of the operation , type of applications used , the existing content management and distribution system , the type of applications deployed . Some common benefits include : weight savings by replacing the traditional flight bag , reduced medical claims from handling traditional flight bags , reduced cost , and increased efficiency by reducing or eliminating paper processes . There are also claims of increased safety and reducing pilot workload . According to the FAA 's Advisory Circular ( AC No. 120-76C ) , an Electronic Flight Bag is an electronic display system intended primarily for cockpit/flightdeck or cabin use . There are also militarized variants , with secure data storage , night vision goggle compatible lighting , environmental hardening , and military specific applications and data . EFB devices can display a variety of aviation data or perform basic calculations ( including performance data and fuel calculations . ) . In the past , some of these functions were traditionally accomplished using paper references or were based on data provided to the flight crew by an airline 's `` flight dispatch '' crew . For large and turbine aircraft , FAR 91.503 requires the presence of navigational charts on the airplane . If an operator 's sole source of navigational chart information is contained on an EFB , the operator must demonstrate the EFB will continue to operate throughout a decompression event , and thereafter , regardless of altitude . The only way to achieve this capability is by using a solid state disk drive or a standard rotating mass drive in a sealed enclosure . The electronic flight bag market is estimated at $ 2.28 billion in 2015 and is expected to register a CAGR of 13.41 % to reach $ 4.27 billion by 2020 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88a9e8197e5388809742ad36cbdd6495", "text": "Hammock activity A hammock activity ( also hammock task ) is a schedule or project planning term for a grouping of tasks that `` hang '' between two end dates it is tied to . A hammock activity can group tasks which are not related in the hierarchical sense of a Work Breakdown Structure , or are not related in a logical sense of a task dependency where one task must wait for another . Usages include : Group dissimilar activities that lead to an overall capability , such as preparations under a summary label , e.g. `` vacation preparation '' ; Group unrelated items for the purpose of a summary such as a calendar-based reporting period , e.g. `` First quarter plans '' ; Group ongoing or overhead activities that run the length of an effort , e.g. `` project management '' The duration of the hammock activity ( the size of the hammock ) may also be set by the subtasks within it , so that the abstract grouping has a start date of the earliest of any of the subtasks and the finish date is the latest of any of the contents . A hammock activity is regarded as a form of Summary activity that is similar to but different from a Level of Effort ( LOE ) activity . Use of hammock activities is also a way to simplify the difficulties of performing Work Breakdown Structure decomposition to low levels . Also , hammock tasks can represent any group of tasks in the IMS regardless of their physical location or parent Work Breakdown Structure ( WBS ) element .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd11a68d2abdb34c57744ad942fc3473", "text": "Warehouse control system A warehouse control system ( WCS ) is a software application that directs the real-time activities within warehouses and distribution centers ( DC ) . As the `` traffic cop '' for the warehouse/distribution center , the WCS is responsible for keeping everything running smoothly , maximizing the efficiency of the material handling subsystems and often , the activities of the warehouse associates themselves . It provides a uniform interface to a broad range of material handling equipment such as AS/RS , carousels , conveyor systems , sorters , palletizers , etc. . The primary functions of a WCS include : Interfacing to an upper level host system/warehouse management system ( WMS ) and exchanging information required to manage the daily operations of the distribution center . Allocating work to the various material handling sub-systems to balance system activity to complete the requested workload . Providing real-time directives to operators and material handling equipment controllers to accomplish the order fulfillment and product routing requirements . Dynamically assign cartons to divert locations based on defined sortation algorithms or based on routing/order information received from the Host ( if applicable ) . Generate result data files for reporting and/or upload by the Host system . Operational screens ( graphical user interface ) and functions to facilitate efficient control and management of the distribution warehouse . Collect statistical data on the operational performance of the system to enable operations personnel to maintain the equipment in peak performance . Each major function is designed to work as part of an integrated process to effectively link the host systems with the lower level control system , while relieving the Host from the real-time requirements such as operator screens and lower level equipment control interfaces .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b94e0c5fa57e20b6a305460ed96fbce2", "text": "The Great Outdoors (film) The Great Outdoors is a 1988 American comedy film directed by Howard Deutch , and written and produced by John Hughes . It stars Dan Aykroyd , John Candy , Stephanie Faracy and Annette Bening in her film debut . The film follows two families spending time on vacation in Wisconsin .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ccdd59bd0d6d6af329483726a116b0fe", "text": "Hollywood Don't Surf! Hollywood Do n't Surf ! is a 2011 documentary film that premiered in the 2010 Cannes Film Festival while a work in progress and held its North American premiere at the 2011 Telluride Film Festival , where it was presented to a packed park at the Abel Gance Outdoor theater by actress Daryl Hannah . Narrated by Robert Englund , the film explores the purportedly strained relationship between Hollywood film makers and the surfing community . After an irreverent and wild main title sequence ( including the first printed and filmed images of surfing ) , Hollywood Do n't Surf ! examines the legendary film Gidget and the subsequent surf exploitation genre that followed , centering on the ambitious John Milius written and directed 1978 Warner Bros. film Big Wednesday , a commercial disappointment at the time , and the smattering of surf films that followed as Big Wednesday enjoyed a subsequent rebirth as a cult film on home video . The documentary features : Quentin Tarantino Steven Spielberg John Milius Jan-Michael Vincent Robert Englund Stacy Peralta Gary Busey Lee Purcell Frankie Avalon John Stockwell Nia Peeples William Katt Laird Hamilton Greg Noll Kathy Kohner-Zuckerman Rick Dano Holly Beck", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66481268c10e403d0b169816f8290146", "text": "Coleman Francis Coleman C. Francis ( January 24 , 1919 -- January 15 , 1973 ) was an American actor , writer , producer , and director . He was best known for his film trilogy consisting of The Beast of Yucca Flats ( 1961 ) , The Skydivers ( 1963 ) , Red Zone Cuba ( 1966 ) , all three of which were filmed in the general Santa Clarita , California area and used preoccupation with light aircraft and parachuting , coffee or cigarettes serving as a prop or a center of conversation , and a vigilante-style gunning down of suspects without a trial to conclude the film as frequent motifs . All three films have gained notoriety as a result of their appearances on Mystery Science Theater 3000 , and have been often criticized for their abysmal production values , repetitive plot devices , murky picture quality , and stilted acting . Some critics have characterized Francis ' films among the all-time worst , even suggesting that he may surpass Ed Wood in terms of ineptitude .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f13d8108b44d15886f05fa1f65506ea8", "text": "Fantastic Voyage Fantastic Voyage is a 1966 American science fiction film directed by Richard Fleischer and written by Harry Kleiner , based on a story by Otto Klement and Jerome Bixby . The film is about a submarine crew who shrink to microscopic size and venture into the body of an injured scientist to repair the damage to his brain . The original story took place in the 19th century and was meant to be a Jules Verne -- style adventure with a sense of wonder . Kleiner abandoned all but the concept of miniaturization and added a Cold War element . The film starred Stephen Boyd , Raquel Welch , Edmond O'Brien , and Donald Pleasence . Bantam Books obtained the rights for a paperback novelization based on the screenplay and approached Isaac Asimov to write it . Because the novelization was released six months before the movie , many people mistakenly believed the film was based on Asimov 's book . The movie inspired an animated television series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62ec759bac6643768b991af393f2d1ae", "text": "Michael Crichton John Michael Crichton ( -LSB- ˈkraɪtən -RSB- October 23 , 1942 -- November 4 , 2008 ) was an American best-selling author , screenwriter , film director and producer best known for his work in the science fiction , medical fiction and thriller genres . His books have sold over 200 million copies worldwide , and many have been adapted into films . In 1994 , Crichton became the only creative artist ever to have works simultaneously charting at No. 1 in U.S. television ( ER ) , film ( Jurassic Park ) , and book sales ( Disclosure ) . His literary works are usually within the action genre and heavily feature technology . His novels epitomize the techno-thriller genre of literature , often exploring technology and failures of human interaction with it , especially resulting in catastrophes with biotechnology . Many of his future history novels have medical or scientific underpinnings , reflecting his medical training and science background . He wrote , among other works , The Andromeda Strain ( 1969 ) , Congo ( 1980 ) , Sphere ( 1987 ) , Travels ( 1988 ) , Jurassic Park ( 1990 ) , Rising Sun ( 1992 ) , Disclosure ( 1994 ) , The Lost World ( 1995 ) , Airframe ( 1996 ) , Timeline ( 1999 ) , Prey ( 2002 ) , State of Fear ( 2004 ) , Next ( 2006 ; the final book published before his death ) , Pirate Latitudes ( 2009 ) , an unfinished techno-thriller , Micro , which was published in November 2011 , and Dragon Teeth , a historical novel set during the `` Bone Wars '' , published worldwide in May 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ffa0e760f7edc61b4576d78fcf1274d1", "text": "The Wild Geese The Wild Geese is a 1978 British adventure film directed by Andrew V. McLaglen about a group of mercenaries in Africa . It stars Richard Burton , Roger Moore , Richard Harris , and Hardy Krüger . The film was the result of a long-held ambition of its producer Euan Lloyd to make an all-star adventure film similar to The Guns of Navarone or Where Eagles Dare . The same producer and director were later responsible for The Sea Wolves . The screenplay by Reginald Rose was based on an unpublished novel titled The Thin White Line by Daniel Carney . The film was named The Wild Geese after the Wild Goose flag and shoulder patch used by Michael `` Mad Mike '' Hoare 's Five Commando , ANC , which in turn was inspired by a 17th-century Irish mercenary army ( see Flight of the Wild Geese ) . Carney 's novel was subsequently published by Corgi Books under the same title as the film . The novel was based upon rumours and speculation following the 1968 landing of a mysterious aeroplane in Rhodesia , which was said to have been loaded with mercenaries and `` an African president '' believed to have been a dying Moïse Tshombe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee5f3fd9ce4a5659b4a61826101ba52e", "text": "Michael Jackson's Vision Michael Jackson 's Vision is a deluxe DVD box set by American recording artist Michael Jackson . It was released on November 22 , 2010 by Epic Records , Legacy Recordings , and Jackson 's own label , MJJ Productions . It includes three DVDs , featuring 4.5 hours of content of 42 music videos with newly restored color and remastered audio . Jackson referred to each of these productions as a `` short film '' and not a music video . This is the first time that all of Jackson 's videos have been released on DVD . According to a statement by the producers , the video recognizes Jackson 's `` pioneering short films that transformed the entertainment industry with timeless , pop culture classics '' . Disc one features videos from the albums Off the Wall , Thriller and Bad and disc two features videos from the albums Dangerous , HIStory : Past , Present and Future , Book I , Blood on the Dance Floor : HIStory in the Mix and Invincible . The third disc , which is a bonus disc , features seven videos . Michael Jackson 's Vision includes the full-length versions of the John Landis-directed `` Thriller '' and `` Black or White '' as well as the classic `` Bad '' directed by Academy Award winning filmmaker Martin Scorsese . Also included in the boxed set are Jackson 's collaborations with other noted film directors such as John Singleton , Spike Lee and David Fincher as well as `` Ghosts , '' his rarely seen collaboration with special effects legend Stan Winston . Michael Jackson 's Vision is available in a limited edition boxed set featuring a 60-page glossy hard-bound book that includes behind-the-scenes photos from Jackson 's videos , which includes information for each video including : songwriter , album , director , production date , location and photography . Ten music videos previously unavailable on DVD including `` One More Chance '' are included . It was also released on the iTunes Store and has iTunes LP features . The videos `` Smooth Criminal '' , `` Speed Demon '' , `` Come Together '' , and `` Leave Me Alone '' come from Jackson 's 1988 film Moonwalker . The `` Smooth Criminal '' segment is actually over 40 minutes long but only the 10-minute song and dance scene is featured . The video `` Another Part of Me '' is from Jackson 's Bad World Tour and `` Will You Be There '' is from the Dangerous World Tour . The `` HIStory '' video is the only short film that is not included in this box set . The original music video of `` Blood on the Dance Floor '' is replaced with the Refugee Camp Mix for unknown reasons . The videos for The Jacksons ' songs `` Torture '' and `` Body '' are also not included , because Michael did not appear in either of them , despite having a verse in each of them . Also not included is the music video for The Jacksons ' `` 2300 Jackson Street '' . On February 15 , 2011 , Michael Jackson 's Vision was certified 5 × Platinum by RIAA for the sales of over 0.5 million units in the United States . On December 31 , 2010 , it was also certified Diamond in France ( for the sales of over 60 000 units ) and 2 × Platinum in Australia . On May 29 , 2011 , it was also certified Gold in New Zealand . It has been also certified Gold in Austria and Platinum in Poland . Reception over the video and audio quality of the box set has been mixed . As the videos are played in 16:9 , videos with a 4:3 aspect ratio are pillarboxed and as a result the resolution is lower than some previous DVDs . Also , the audio is mixed in PCM stereo instead of 5.1 Surround as in many previous DVDs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08179929bdde5b44cf8e90a213adb06a", "text": "Beverly Hills Cop III Beverly Hills Cop III is a 1994 American action comedy film starring Eddie Murphy and directed by John Landis , who had previously worked with Murphy on Trading Places and Coming to America . It is the third film in the Beverly Hills Cop trilogy , and a sequel to Beverly Hills Cop II . Murphy again plays Detroit cop Axel Foley , who once again returns to Beverly Hills , California , to stop a gang of counterfeiters who are responsible for the death of his boss . Foley teams up with his friend , Beverly Hills detective Billy Rosewood ( Judge Reinhold ) , and his investigation leads him to an amusement park known as Wonder World . The film features a number of cameo appearances by well-known film personalities , including Robert B. Sherman , Arthur Hiller , John Singleton , Joe Dante , special effects legend Ray Harryhausen , and George Lucas as a ride patron . Beverly Hills Cop III was released on May 25 , 1994 and grossed $ 42 million in the United States , and over $ 77 million in the foreign box office . The film was considered by critics and Murphy himself as the weakest film in the series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2748f5b1c1e670d57e11a8f4f4b13963", "text": "Michael Schultz Michael Schultz ( born November 10 , 1938 ) is an American director and producer of film and television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30950bdf2c6b3ab7133f817590fc1941", "text": "Big Miracle (book) Big Miracle tells the true story of three gray whales trapped beneath Arctic ice in the fall of 1988 , and of Operation Breakthrough , the collaborative efforts to free them by oil company executives , activists , Inupiat people , the U.S. military , and Soviet ice-breakers . Written by journalist Tom Rose ( who covered the event for a Japanese news channel at the time ) , the book was originally published in 1989 , titled Freeing the Whales : How the Media Created the World 's Greatest Non-Event . It was re-released under its current title by St. Martin 's Press in 2011 . A film adaption of Big Miracle directed by Ken Kwapis , starring Drew Barrymore , Ted Danson , Kristen Bell , among other stars , was released in 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3295dd89e0de1762793854afd5cadefe", "text": "John Green (author) John Michael Green ( born August 24 , 1977 ) is an American author , vlogger , writer , producer , actor and editor . He won the 2006 Printz Award for his debut novel , Looking for Alaska , and his sixth novel , The Fault in Our Stars , debuted at number one on The New York Times Best Seller list in January 2012 . The 2014 film adaptation opened at number one on the box office . In 2014 , Green was included in Time magazine 's list of The 100 Most Influential People in the World . Another film based on a Green novel , Paper Towns , was released on July 24 , 2015 . Aside from being a novelist , Green is also well known for his YouTube ventures . In 2007 , he launched the VlogBrothers channel with his brother , Hank Green . Since then , John and Hank have launched events such as Project for Awesome and VidCon and created a total of 11 online series , including Crash Course , an educational channel teaching Literature , History , and Science , later joined by courses in Economics , US Government , Astronomy , Politics , Philosophy , Psychology , Mythology , Sociology , Computer Science , Games , and Film History .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d54ab3aa2f8d6b40fe7dbcabc683faf", "text": "Big Bay State Park Big Bay State Park is a state park of Wisconsin , United States , on Madeline Island , the largest of 22 Apostle Islands in Lake Superior . The 2350 acre park has picturesque sandstone bluffs and caves and a 1.5 mi sand beach . It encloses unique habitat types including lakeside dunes , sphagnum bogs , and old-growth forest . Bald eagles return annually to the park to nest and rear offspring . The park , established in 1963 , has picnic areas with tables , grills , water and toilets ; a campground with drinking water , showers and toilets ; an indoor camp for nonprofit groups ; an outdoor group camp ; and more than 9 mi of trails , including nature trails . The park is open year-round , though winter visitation is mostly limited to hunters , snowshoers , and cross-country skiers . All vehicles are required to purchase an admission pass , though pedestrians and bicyclists may enter free . To reach the park , visitors must take a 20-minute ferry ride from Bayfield , then travel approximately 5 mi north on Highway H.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "241c5584bafcb4fa9074b612100161a6", "text": "Tomorrowland (film) Tomorrowland ( subtitled A World Beyond in some regions ) is a 2015 American science-fiction mystery adventure film directed and co-written by Brad Bird . Bird co-wrote the film 's screenplay with Damon Lindelof , from an original story treatment by Bird , Lindelof and Jeff Jensen . The film stars George Clooney , Hugh Laurie , Britt Robertson , Raffey Cassidy , Tim McGraw , Kathryn Hahn and Keegan-Michael Key . In the film , a disillusioned genius inventor and a teenage science enthusiast embark to an ambiguous alternate dimension known as `` Tomorrowland '' where their actions directly affect the world and themselves . Walt Disney Pictures originally announced the film in June 2011 under the working title 1952 , and later retitled it to Tomorrowland , after the futuristic themed land found at Disney theme parks . In drafting their story , Bird and Lindelof took inspiration from the progressive cultural movements of the Space Age , as well as Walt Disney 's optimistic philosophy of the future , notably his conceptual vision for the planned community known as EPCOT . Principal photography began in August 2013 , with footage shot in British Columbia , Alberta , Florida , and Spain with second unit filming in France , California and the Bahamas . Tomorrowland was released in conventional and IMAX formats on May 22 , 2015 , and was the first theatrical film to be released in Dolby Vision and Dolby Cinema . Upon its release , the film received mixed reviews from critics ; earning praise for its original premise , musical score , action , visuals , and themes , but criticism in regards to the screenplay 's uneven writing and tone . The film grossed $ 209 million worldwide against a total production and marketing cost of $ 330 million , losing Disney $ 120 -- 140 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "643c953650d3571601a282d48b84149b", "text": "Groundhog Day (film) Groundhog Day is a 1993 American fantasy-comedy film directed by Harold Ramis , starring Bill Murray , Andie MacDowell , and Chris Elliott . It was written by Ramis and Danny Rubin , based on a story by Rubin . Murray plays Phil Connors , an arrogant Pittsburgh TV weatherman who , during an assignment covering the annual Groundhog Day event in Punxsutawney , Pennsylvania , finds himself caught in a time loop , repeating the same day again and again . After indulging in hedonism and committing suicide numerous times , he begins to re-examine his life and priorities . On its release , Groundhog Day was a modest success and garnered generally positive reviews . It gained stronger appreciation among critics and film historians over time , and is now often listed among the best comedy films ever . It further entered into the public consciousness , where the term `` Groundhog Day '' can represent a situation that seems to repeat over and over in government and military arenas , as well as influencing other entertainment . In 2006 , the film was added to the United States National Film Registry as being deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . A stage musical version of the film premiered in 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "23678af8b979acd82d8ac7d7045116f9", "text": "Jim Jarmusch James Robert `` Jim '' Jarmusch ( -LSB- ˈdʒɑrməʃ -RSB- born January 22 , 1953 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , actor , producer , editor , and composer . He has been a major proponent of independent cinema since the 1980s , directing such films as Stranger Than Paradise ( 1984 ) , Down by Law ( 1986 ) , Mystery Train ( 1989 ) , Dead Man ( 1995 ) , Ghost Dog : The Way of the Samurai ( 1999 ) , Coffee and Cigarettes ( 2003 ) , Broken Flowers ( 2005 ) , Only Lovers Left Alive ( 2013 ) , and Paterson ( 2016 ) . Stranger Than Paradise was added to the National Film Registry in December 2002 . As a musician , Jarmusch has composed music for his films and released two albums with Jozef van Wissem .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08fed23bc2acde5c676d4fce4128e485", "text": "Greensman A Greensman or Greensperson or Greenskeeper is any production personnel on a film set who is responsible for obtaining and taking care of anything `` green '' -- plants , grass , trees , flowers , and other various landscaping materials like rocks , gravel , sand , etc. . Considered part of the art department . This includes artificial forms of these materials up to and including those representing greens , such as camouflage netting . Greens work is generally considered to be one of the dirtiest , most thankless , and physically demanding jobs in set construction . In addition to set construction greensmen often work `` on set '' assisting the camera and other departments in adjusting the set to the changing demands of different camera positions and lighting setups . Ideally the greensman functions as a participant in the filmmaking process as an extension of the art department during set construction and in conjunction with the camera department during filming . The range of duties in this category ranges from tending to plant nursery operations ( watering , fertilizing , transplanting , etc. ) through to the artful crafting of vines , trees , flowers and the like using cut living material and various forms of artificial material .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "769b58c3f85120b33ad3867830f808ab", "text": "For Your Eyes Only (soundtrack) For Your Eyes Only is the soundtrack for the 12th James Bond film of the same name . The theme song was written by Bill Conti ( music ) and Michael Leeson ( lyrics ) , and performed by Sheena Easton . The song was later nominated for both an Academy Award and Golden Globe in 1982 . Easton also made Bond film history as the first ( and , to date , only ) artist to perform the theme song on-screen during the opening title sequence . Originally , the band Blondie was approached to write and perform the theme song for the film . They produced a song also called For Your Eyes Only that they turned in to the producers , however , this was rejected because the company wanted the Conti song and the band refused , and subsequently asked Easton to record an entirely new theme . Blondie eventually released their song on the 1982 album The Hunter . The track Make It Last All Night , performed by Rage and used for the scene at hitman Gonzales ' Spanish poolside , is notable for lyrics more suggestive than in almost any other Bond film . The soundtrack was composed by Bill Conti , since the series ' regular composer , John Barry , was unable to work in the UK for tax reasons ( he , like many high earning Britons , had become a tax exile in the 1970s ) . Barry had recommended Conti as a possible alternative . Conti 's score is notable for its use of disco elements ( which prompted Danny Biederman to write in the liner notes to the two-CD releaseThe Best of James Bond : 30th Anniversary Limited Edition , `` Conti 's largely disco-styled score feels more like a celebration of the music of the moment than a score of durability '' ) . During the main ski chase sequence ( the track Runaway ) , Conti showed that he had versed himself in the previous Bond films ' music , as his manages to evoke memories of the music from previous ski action in both OHMSS and The Spy Who Loved Me . This , Conti 's only contribution to the series to date , was released as an album concurrent with the film 's release and later on a bootleg compact disc in combination with John Barry 's music from Octopussy . When the soundtrack was officially released on CD in the year 2000 , six bonus tracks were added that further showed Conti 's versatile approach to the film , aiding the production in its return to a tougher , more realistic James Bond . Not released but also heard in the film is a brief homage to John Williams ' familiar theme from Jaws , when an unseen underwater horror ( it is revealed to be an attacker in a J.I.M. diving suit ) approaches within the sunken ship . This was the third Bond film in a row to wittily include familiar music from a classic film . Additionally , notes from the title song to The Spy Who Loved Me , `` Nobody Does It Better '' , can be heard as the tones of a key code for a security door early in the film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1cbab48a7ed1e7f4671c6940cfbb5e47", "text": "Ashanti (1979 film) Ashanti ( also called Ashanti , Land of No Mercy ) is a 1979 action adventure film , produced by Georges-Alain Vuille , and directed by Richard Fleischer . Despite its impressive cast and setting ( on location in the Sahara , and in Kenya , Israel , and Sicily ) , it was widely panned by critics upon release . Michael Caine was reportedly very disappointed with the project and claims it was the third worst film along with his previous films The Magus and The Swarm ( despite appearing in other failures in the 1980s ) , after director Fleischer and co-star Beverly Johnson , were both removed from filming two-thirds of the way through the shoot . Fleischer departed after being hospitalised with sunstroke . However , an interview with Ms. Johnson included on the 2013 Severin Films Blu-ray edition of Ashanti makes no reference to these `` removals , '' suggesting that they may belong to myth . This is one of William Holden 's final films . Both Fleischer and cinematographer Tonti had previously worked together on Barabbas ( 1961 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c173e60c0baba8b82e3e2f2a8e44faab", "text": "The Only Way Out `` The Only Way Out '' is a 2014 song by British rock band Bush , released on 9 September 2014 , through Zuma Rock Records . Produced by Jay Baumgardner and recorded at NRG Recording Studios in North Hollywood , California , it is the lead single from their sixth album Man on the Run . According to songwriter Gavin Rossdale , the song is `` a good gateway into the record ... it gets a bit wider and probably a little darker . This is just the right way in . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "980192d6fa3366e4f0d2e64e3d4c0cb6", "text": "Kenneth Kokin Kenneth Kokin has been a producer for many first time feature directors . He is also a sworn deputy in state of Georgia . The debut feature film he produced for Bryan Singer , Public Access won the Sundance Grand Jury Prize . Ken Kokin and Singer developed a script with writer Christopher McQuarrie to produce the multi-Academy Award winning film The Usual Suspects which Kokin directed the substantial second-unit and co-produced . This achievement landed Kokin on the cover of Fade In Magazine as one of `` The 100 People to Know in Hollywood '' . Kokin spent the next several years dividing his time between working with new film makers and developing a screenplay on the life of Alexander the Great , written with Peter Buchman and McQuarrie , for Martin Scorsese and Leonardo DiCaprio . ( Scorsese and DiCaprio chose to do The Aviator first , making way for Oliver Stone to produce his version of Alexander . ) Next , he produced and directed second-unit on McQuarrie 's directorial first feature , The Way of the Gun starring Juliette Lewis , Ryan Phillippe , James Caan and Oscar winner Benicio del Toro . The 2008 Sundance Film Festival marks Kenneth Kokin 's next statements in cinema with Captain Abu Raed the Audience Award Winner in festival 's World Dramatic Competition . This is not only the first independent film produced in Kingdom of Jordan but it 's the fist feature film from recent AFI graduate Amin Matalqa . 2008 is also the year where For Tomorrow the documentary that Kokin produced and directed in Argentina which was an official selection for the Tribeca Film Festival and the Newport Beach Film Festival where he won the Humanitarian Vision Award . This groundbreaking documentary premiered in 10 film festivals and won many other awards and created awareness about cause of Toms shoes assisting the company in achieve recognition as the fastest growing shoe company in the world . Kenneth Kokin 's dedication to directing started at 14 when he started making his own films with a borrowed Super-8 camera . In high school , he directed several claymation , live action shorts and documentaries on 16mm . His most ambitious teenage endeavor was a re-creation of the Civil War Battle of Bull Run where he combined animated clay figures and actors to win the Newbridge Reel Award for Best Picture . Upon graduating from University of Southern California Cinema , Kokin joined the Editor 's Guild and worked at both NBC and Amblin Entertainment . CBS hired Kokin to shoot , edit and direct the behind the scenes for the longest-running annual special , Circus of the Stars where he worked with lions , tigers , motorcycle , stunts , high-wire and trapeze acts . Having a passion for all elements of filmmaking from pre-production through production and post-production , Kokin chose producing and directing because they are the only jobs where he has the opportunity to participate in all areas of the process . Recently , Kokin has produced a Chinese-America co-production in Chengdu , China starring John Robinson http://www.imdb.com/name/nm1440281/ and Xiaolu Li http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0523735/ . Back in two thousand and eight , he traveled South America , Haiti and Africa directing documentaries about the pandemic of poverty and HIV facing children in those regions . Staying true to his roots in the crime genre Kenneth Kokin wrote the feature about the famous mobster , James `` Whitey '' Bulger . The Los Angeles Time piece June 26 , 2012 quoted Kokin to say , `` Finding out that Whitey Bulger was living in Santa Monica just three blocks away from me was a little like looking frantically for your sunglasses only to find out they were on your head the whole time . '' Kokin 's passion for documentaries continues as he is currently working on a feature about sea mammals as well as working as a producer in reality television . link title http://about.me/kenkokin", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "e533652d6976733edd4b9502619f7ae3", "text": "Lonesome Dove (miniseries) Lonesome Dove is an American epic Western adventure television miniseries directed by Simon Wincer . It is a four-part adaptation of the 1985 novel of the same name by Larry McMurtry and is the first installment in the Lonesome Dove series . The series stars Robert Duvall and Tommy Lee Jones . The series was originally broadcast by CBS from February 5 to 8 , 1989 , drawing a huge viewing audience , earning numerous awards , and reviving both the television western and the miniseries . An estimated 26 million homes tuned in to watch Lonesome Dove , unusually high numbers for a Western at that time . The western genre was considered dead by most people , as was the miniseries . By the show 's end , it had earned huge ratings and virtually revamped the entire 1989 -- 1990 television season . A favorite with audiences , as well as critics , Lonesome Dove garnered many honors and awards . At the 1989 Emmy Awards , the miniseries had 18 nominations and seven wins , including one for director Simon Wincer . Lonesome Dove also won two Golden Globes , for Best Miniseries and Best Actor in a Miniseries ( Robert Duvall ) .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "4063d73150bdbc03dde0ed01bc8e9d8e", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Star Trek: The Next Generation Star Trek : The Next Generation is an American science fiction television program that originally aired from September 1987 to May 1994 . It won and was nominated for a variety of awards , including seven Emmy Award nominations for the first season , and a further eight in its second season . It would go on to be nominated a total of 58 times , of which it won a total of nineteen awards . Only one of these nominations was not for a Creative Arts Emmy , which was the nomination for Outstanding Drama Series for the show 's seventh season . Cast member Wil Wheaton was nominated on three occasions for a Youth in Film Award , which he won in 1989 . Further nominations were received by guest actors Kimberly Cullum and Gabriel Damon at the 16th Youth in Film Awards in 1995 . The only other nomination for a single actor was the Screen Actors Guild Award received by Patrick Stewart for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series in the award 's inaugural session in 1995 . As of January 1 , 2013 , Star Trek : The Next Generation has been nominated for 85 different awards , of which it has won 31 . Despite the series ending in 1994 , it has continued to win awards in special recognition of the series , and for the DVD releases . In this list , `` year '' refers to the year the award was presented to the winner .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42de6d3217fb25b679f42732ac99e400", "text": "Desperate for Love Desperate for Love is a 1989 television film directed by Michael Tuchner . The film is based on a true story .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4871db73207c4868397fc15773635b5", "text": "Dead Man's Walk (miniseries) Dead Man 's Walk is an American epic Western adventure television miniseries starring David Arquette as Augustus McCrae and Jonny Lee Miller as Woodrow F. Call . It was directed by Yves Simoneau . It is a two-part adaptation of the 1995 novel of the same name by Larry McMurtry and is chronologically the third book of the Lonesome Dove series , but regarded as the first events in the Lonesome Dove franchise . In this prequel to Lonesome Dove , it is 1840s Texas , and two young men join the Texas Rangers unit that 's on a mission to annex Santa Fe . The series was originally broadcast by ABC over two nights in May 1996 , and was later nominated for several awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "574b707fd36c1d91314092f0440c4bd4", "text": "David Chase David Chase ( born August 22 , 1945 ) is an American writer , director and television producer . Chase has worked in television for 40 years ; he has produced and written for such shows as The Rockford Files , I 'll Fly Away , and Northern Exposure . He has created two original series ; the first , Almost Grown , aired for 10 episodes in 1988 and 1989 . Chase is best known for his second original series , the influential and critically acclaimed HBO drama The Sopranos , which aired for six seasons between 1999 and 2007 . A prominent figure in American television , Chase has won seven Emmy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "728512718a216fbef71cfdbd35470847", "text": "30th Primetime Emmy Awards The 30th Primetime Emmy Awards were held on September 17 , 1978 . The ceremony was broadcast on CBS , from the Pasadena Civic Auditorium , Pasadena , California . The top shows of the night were All in the Family which won its then record fourth Emmy for Outstanding Comedy Series , and The Rockford Files . CBS continued its streak of dominance by winning its eighth straight Emmy for Outstanding Comedy Series , this record still stands . Actor Will Geer received three posthumous acting nominations for three different performances , but lost in each category . For the first time in Emmy history , two shows won six major awards , All in the Family became the first show to win six major awards twice , and the miniseries Holocaust tied the record for most wins by a miniseries set the previous year by Roots . This ceremony was interrupted for thirty minutes by a nationally televised address by then-President Jimmy Carter , joined by then-Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin and then-Egyptian president Anwar Sadat in which President Carter announced the signing of the Camp David Accords . Rita Moreno 's win made her the third person to become an EGOT .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02e05587884533a746dee9936ef1b41c", "text": "The Eighties (miniseries) The Eighties is a documentary miniseries which premiered on CNN on March 31 , 2016 . Produced by Tom Hanks and Gary Goetzman 's studio Playtone , it serves as a follow-up to the predecessors The Sixties , and The Seventies with a 7-part series chronicling events and popular culture of the United States during the 1980s . In May 2016 , CNN greenlit an 8-part follow-up titled The Nineties .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5c8f607317733db1ae881aa30e8ac2a", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Direction The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Direction is awarded to one television series or special each year . In the following list , the first titles listed in gold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55bb02ada04d62b0c0acac27ab14fe77", "text": "Paddy Chayefsky Sidney Aaron `` Paddy '' Chayefsky ( January 29 , 1923 -- August 1 , 1981 ) was an American playwright , screenwriter and novelist . He is the only person to have won three solo Academy Awards for Best Screenplay ( the other three-time winners , Francis Ford Coppola , Charles Brackett , Woody Allen and Billy Wilder , have all shared their awards with co-writers ) . He was considered one of the most renowned dramatists of the so-called Golden Age of Television . His intimate , realistic scripts provided a naturalistic style of television drama for the 1950s , and he was regarded as the central figure in the `` kitchen sink realism '' movement of American television . Martin Gottfried wrote in All His Jazz that Chayefsky `` was a successful writer , the most successful graduate of television 's slice of life school of naturalism . '' Following his critically acclaimed teleplays , Chayefsky continued to succeed as a playwright and novelist . As a screenwriter , he received three Academy Awards for Marty ( 1955 ) , The Hospital ( 1971 ) and Network ( 1976 ) . The movie Marty was based on his own television drama about two lonely people finding love . Network was his scathing satire of the television industry and The Hospital was also satiric . Film historian David Thomson called The Hospital `` years ahead of its time . -LSB- ... -RSB- Few films capture the disaster of America 's self-destructive idealism so well . '' His screenplay for Network is often regarded as his masterpiece , and has been hailed as `` the kind of literate , darkly funny and breathtakingly prescient material that prompts many to claim it as the greatest screenplay of the 20th century . '' Chayefsky 's early stories were frequently influenced by the author 's childhood in The Bronx . Chayefsky was part of the inaugural class of inductees into the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences ' Television Hall of Fame . He received this honor three years after his death , in 1984 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a811888a7c431f8479828e48a86816f", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series . This award and Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Drama Series replaced Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Series in 2003 . As of 2015 , no show has won this award more than once except for The Office , which has won twice ( 2007 and 2013 ) . In the following list , the first titles listed in gold and bold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place : __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de618f64d3c06a7157a7ddc9cf31e1b0", "text": "9th Primetime Emmy Awards The 9th Emmy Awards , later referred to as the 9th Primetime Emmy Awards , were held on March 16 , 1957 to honor the best in television of the year . The ceremony was held at the NBC Studios in Burbank , California . Desi Arnaz hosted the event . All nominations are listed , with winners in bold and series ' networks are in parentheses . Categories were sorted based on running time , instead of by genre . The top shows of the night were Caesar 's Hour and Playhouse 90 . Each show won a then-record five major awards , ( however , two of Playhouse 90 's wins came in now defunct categories ) . Caesar 's Hour became the first show to be nominated in all four major acting categories . Caesar 's Hour also made history when it swept the four acting categories . After over fifty years , it remains the only comedy or drama series to win every major acting award . In 2004 , the miniseries Angels in America became the second show , and first miniseries/television movie , to sweep the acting field .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eba0886583f27c9878f64dd7c3112252", "text": "44th Primetime Emmy Awards The 44th Primetime Emmy Awards were held on Sunday , August 30 , 1992 . The ceremony was broadcast on Fox from the Pasadena Civic Auditorium in Pasadena , California . It was hosted by Tim Allen , Kirstie Alley and Dennis Miller , and directed by Walter C. Miller . Presenters included Roseanne Barr , Tom Arnold , Scott Bakula , Candice Bergen , Corbin Bernsen , Beau Bridges , Lloyd Bridges , and Cindy Crawford . The program was written by Buddy Sheffield and Bruce Vilanch . Over 300 million people watched the ceremony in 30 countries . A rule change , instituted for this year only , stated that regular and guest performers would compete in the same category . There could be lead guest or supporting guest . On the comedy side , Murphy Brown won Outstanding Comedy Series for the second time , winning three major awards on the night , the most for a comedy series . On the drama side , L.A. Laws strangle hold on Outstanding Drama Series came to an end , as Northern Exposure took home the award . Northern Exposure also won three major awards and received nine major nominations , which tied for the most in each category . For the first time in its run , The Golden Girls , then in its seventh and final season , was not nominated for Outstanding Comedy Series . After being on the air for thirty years , The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson finally heard its name called when its final season won for Outstanding Variety , Music , or Comedy Program . The show was first nominated for the category in 1964 and was 0/13 before this ceremony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bd8af40bad9af60b6e40673b746a063", "text": "Country Music Association The Country Music Association ( CMA ) was founded in 1958 in Nashville , Tennessee . It originally consisted of only 233 members and was the first trade organization formed to promote a music genre . The objectives of the organization are to guide and enhance the development of Country Music throughout the world ; to demonstrate it as a viable medium to advertisers , consumers , and media ; and to provide a unity of purpose for the Country Music industry . However the CMA may be best known to most country music fans for its annual Country Music Association Awards broadcast live on network television each fall ( usually October or November ) . Initially , CMA 's Board of Directors included nine directors and five officers . Wesley Rose , president of Acuff-Rose Publishing , Inc. , served as CMA 's first chairman of the board . Broadcasting entrepreneur and executive Connie B. Gay was the founding president . Originally there were nine individual membership categories . The current 15 categories represent all facets of the music industry . Organizational memberships are also available . CMA membership is composed of those persons or organizations that are involved in Country Music , directly and substantially . The first CMA Awards ceremony was held in 1967 in Nashville . Sonny James and Bobbie Gentry hosted the event , which was not televised . The winner of the first `` Entertainer of the Year '' award was singer Eddy Arnold . `` Male Vocalist of the Year '' went to Jack Greene and `` Female Vocalist of the Year '' to Loretta Lynn . In 1968 , Roy Rogers and Dale Evans hosted the awards , which were presented at the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville . ( The ceremony was filmed and televised on NBC a few weeks later . ) The first live telecast of the show was in 1969 . Annual awards are given in the following twelve categories : Entertainer of the Year , Male Vocalist , Female Vocalist , New Artist of the Year ( formerly the Horizon Award ) , Vocal Group , Vocal Duo , Single , Album , Song , Music Event , Music Video , and Musician . The CMA also gives a `` CMA Broadcast Award '' to country-formatted radio stations each year . Broadcast Awards are segmented based on market size , major market ( Arbitron Ranking 1 -- 25 ) , large market ( Arbitron Ranking 26 -- 50 ) , medium market ( Arbitron Ranking 51 -- 100 ) , and small market ( All other Markets ) . A single station can not win the award in consecutive years . In honor of the association 's 50th anniversary , MCA Nashville released a song called `` Forever Country '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ecff1f9421be4c5e3f626e3a03c2991", "text": "The Heist (1989 film) The Heist is a 1989 HBO made-for-TV movie , starring Pierce Brosnan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d0ed107169ff74c6bf929f572fb025eb", "text": "Bluebird (Emmylou Harris album) Bluebird is an Emmylou Harris album from 1989 , which merged a number of eclectic songs ( including work by the McGarrigle Sisters , Tom Rush and Rodney Crowell ) with polished , country music production . It included her most recent top-ten country-charting single , `` Heartbreak Hill '' . The album enjoyed renewed interest in 2004 when The Sopranos introduced its fifth season with `` Heaven Only Knows . '' Bonnie Raitt provided guest vocals on the track `` Icy Blue Heart '' . Billboard said in their review of the album that , `` Like most of Emmylou Harris ' albums , Bluebird is an expertly performed album , featuring some truly startling and affecting tour de forces . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "92485f630159acf36899c8abade1c6b3", "text": "17th Daytime Emmy Awards The 17th Daytime Emmy Awards were held on June 28 , 1990 , on ABC , to commemorate excellence in American daytime programming from the previous year ( 1989 ) . The event aired from 3-5 ( Eastern time ) live from the Marriott Marquis Hotel in New York City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec54003ec1560f2ed2127d4cbbdea75c", "text": "14th GMA Dove Awards The 14th Annual GMA Dove Awards were held on 1983 recognizing accomplishments of musicians for the year 1982 . The show was held in Nashville , Tennessee .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad8619491ae8b44312b0edd8cee7b45f", "text": "9th International Emmy Awards The 9th International Emmy Awards took place on November 26 , 1981 , in New York City , United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14fdb2b2ff9374372c5b351ee1f2fb5d", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series . In early Primetime Emmy Award ceremonies , the supporting categories were not always genre , or even gender , specific . Beginning with the 22nd Primetime Emmy Awards , supporting actors in comedy have competed alone . However , these comedic performances often included actors from miniseries , telefilms , and guest performers competing against main cast competitors . Such instances are marked below : # -- Indicates a performance in a Miniseries or Television film , prior to the category 's creation . § -- Indicates a performance as a guest performer , prior to the category 's creation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c11e704660c17a6225d299c8491a4b03", "text": "Blue Skies (1988 TV series) Blue Skies is an American drama that aired from June 13 until August 1 , 1988 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52526dccb033732b0bc90cc4df8ea9b4", "text": "36th Daytime Emmy Awards The 36th Annual Daytime Emmy Awards were held on Sunday , August 30 , 2009 , and were televised live on The CW for the very first time . The nominees were announced on May 14 in the Orpheum Theatre , Los Angeles , California Vanessa L. Williams hosted the event . The event was directed by Jeff Margolis and Debbie Palacio .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b82024e5629317bf1fe5c3c56dd5ed2a", "text": "Harry Potter Harry Potter is a series of fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling . The novels chronicle the life of a young wizard , Harry Potter , and his friends Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley , all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry . The main story arc concerns Harry 's struggle against Lord Voldemort , a dark wizard who intends to become immortal , overthrow the wizard governing body known as the Ministry of Magic , and subjugate all wizards and Muggles , a reference term that means non-magical people . Since the release of the first novel , Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone , on 26 June 1997 , the books have found immense popularity , critical acclaim and commercial success worldwide . The series has now been translated into multiple languages including French , Irish , Spanish , German and Swedish to name a few . They have attracted a wide adult audience as well as younger readers , and are often considered cornerstones of modern young adult literature . The series has also had its share of criticism , including concern about the increasingly dark tone as the series progressed , as well as the often gruesome and graphic violence it depicts . , the books have sold more than 500 million copies worldwide , making them the best-selling book series in history , and have been translated into seventy-three languages . The last four books consecutively set records as the fastest-selling books in history , with the final instalment selling roughly eleven million copies in the United States within twenty-four hours of its release . The series was originally published in English by two major publishers , Bloomsbury in the United Kingdom and Scholastic Press in the United States . A play , Harry Potter and the Cursed Child , based on a story co-written by Rowling , premiered in London on 30 July 2016 at the Palace Theatre , and its script was published by Little , Brown as the eighth book in the series . The original seven books were adapted into an eight-part film series by Warner Bros. . Pictures , which has become the second highest-grossing film series of all time . In 2016 , the total value of the Harry Potter franchise was estimated at $ 25 billion , making Harry Potter one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time . A series of many genres , including fantasy , drama , coming of age , friendship , and the British school story ( which includes elements of mystery , thriller , adventure , horror and romance ) , the world of Harry Potter explores numerous themes and includes many cultural meanings and references . According to Rowling , the main theme is death . Other major themes in the series include prejudice , corruption , and madness . The success of the books and films has ensured that the Harry Potter franchise continues to expand , with numerous derivative works , a travelling exhibition that premiered in Chicago in 2009 , a studio tour in London that opened in 2012 , a digital platform on which J.K. Rowling updates the series with new information and insight , and a pentalogy of spin-off films premiering in November 2016 , among many other developments . Most recently , themed attractions , collectively known as The Wizarding World of Harry Potter , have been built at several Universal Parks & Resorts amusement parks around the world .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76b60d14a9e3fa9c547d841aa9f49d80", "text": "Fantasy Fantasy is a fiction genre set in an imaginary universe , often but not always without any locations , events , or people from the real world . Its roots are in oral traditions , which then developed into literature and drama . From the twentieth century it has expanded further into various media , including , film , television , graphic novels , and video games . Most fantasy uses magic or other supernatural elements as a main plot element , theme , or setting . Magic and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds . Fantasy is a subgenre of speculative fiction and is distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the absence of scientific or macabre themes respectively , though these genres overlap . In popular culture , the fantasy genre is predominantly of the medievalist form . In its broadest sense , however , fantasy comprises works by many writers , artists , filmmakers , and musicians from ancient myths and legends to many recent and popular works . Fantasy is studied in a number of disciplines including English and other language studies , cultural studies , comparative literature , history and medieval studies . Work in this area ranges widely from the structuralist theory of Tzvetan Todorov , which emphasizes the fantastic as a liminal space , to work on the connections ( political , historical and literary ) between medievalism and popular culture .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "5500b33b959e64243345a04c88ab7902", "text": "European witchcraft Belief in and practice of witchcraft in Europe can be traced to classical antiquity and has continuous history during the Middle Ages , culminating in the Early Modern witch hunts and giving rise to the fairy tale and popular culture `` witch '' stock character of modern times , as well as to the concept of the `` modern witch '' in Wicca and related movements of contemporary witchcraft . The topic is a complex amalgamation of the practices of folk healers , folk magic , ancient belief in sorcery in pagan Europe , Christian views on heresy , medieval and early modern practice of ceremonial magic and simple fiction in folklore and literature .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "471988de30007725fde9ab307a52eab4", "text": "Culture of the United Kingdom The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK 's history as a developed island country , a liberal democracy and a major power ; its predominantly Christian religious life ; and its composition of four countries -- England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland -- each of which has distinct customs , cultures and symbolism . The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture , and Humanism , Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture . British literature , music , cinema , art , theatre , comedy , media , television , philosophy , architecture and education are important aspects of British culture . The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology , producing world-leading scientists ( e.g. Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin ) and inventions . Sport is an important part of British culture ; numerous sports originated in the country , including football . The UK has been described as a `` cultural superpower '' , and London has been described as a world cultural capital . The Industrial Revolution , which started in the UK , had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the world . As a result of the British Empire , significant British influence can be observed in the language , law , culture and institutions of a geographically wide assortment of countries , including Australia , Canada , India , the Republic of Ireland , New Zealand , Nigeria , Pakistan , South Africa , the United States and English speaking Caribbean nations . These states are sometimes collectively known as the Anglosphere , and are among Britain 's closest allies . In turn the empire also influenced British culture , particularly British cuisine . The cultures of England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland are diverse and have varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40beaa6a5759fcf7594dd3d6103911f9", "text": "The Secret of Platform 13 The Secret of Platform 13 is a children 's novel by Eva Ibbotson , and illustrated by Sue Porter , first published in 1994 . The book has gained extra significance as many readers find it similar to the Harry Potter series by J.K. Rowling , as the first book of that series , Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone was published in 1997 , three years after this book was published . ( They both mention a platform on Kings Cross Station , in London , that leads to a different world . ) As journalist Amanda Craig has written , `` Ibbotson would seem to have at least as good a case for claiming plagiarism as the American author currently suing J. K. Rowling , but unlike her , Ibbotson says she would ` like to shake her by the hand . I think we all borrow from each other as writers . ' ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de592e967bc6f7d8e29eb17db7435a6d", "text": "Welsh literature in English Anglo-Welsh literature and Welsh writing in English are terms used to describe works written in the English language by Welsh writers . It has been recognised as a distinctive entity only since the 20th century . The need for a separate identity for this kind of writing arose because of the parallel development of modern Welsh-language literature ; as such it is perhaps the youngest branch of English-language literature in the British Isles . Welsh writers in English have traditionally favoured the short story form over the novel for two main reasons : in a society lacking sufficient wealth to support professional writers , the amateur writer was able to spare time only for short bursts of creativity ; and , like poetry , it concentrated linguistic delight and exuberance . However , the genre did not develop in these writers much beyond its origin in rural sketches . Satire was avoided , and , since the main market was London publishers , the short stories tended to focus on the eccentricities ( as seen from a metropolitan viewpoint ) of Welsh life .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c92fef07e1bb381a5249b2315ffb5ee9", "text": "Boxen (C. S. Lewis) Boxen is a fictional world that C. S. Lewis ( `` Jack '' ) and his brother W. H. Lewis ( `` Warren '' ) created as children . The world of Boxen was created when Jack 's stories about Animal-Land and Warnie 's stories about India were brought together . In Surprised by Joy , Jack explains that the union of Animal-Land and India took place `` sometime in the late eighteenth century ( their eighteenth century , not ours ) '' . During a time when influenza was ravaging many families , the Lewis brothers were forced to stay indoors and entertain themselves by reading . They read whatever books they could find , both those written for children and adults . Influenced by Beatrix Potter 's animals , C.S. Lewis wrote about Animal-Land , complete with details about its economics , politics/government , and history , as well as illustrations of buildings and characters . The stories were published posthumously as Boxen : The Imaginary World of the Young C. S. Lewis Edited by Walter Hooper and first published by London : Collins May 28 , 1985 . First American edition : San Diego : Harcourt , Brace , Javanovich , October 17 , 1985 . ( republished as Boxen : Childhood Chronicles Before Narnia ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8ca59b5de5102e23e34fcb01f94f4f4", "text": "Minerva Press Minerva Press was a publishing house , noted for creating a lucrative market in sentimental and Gothic fiction in the late 18th century and early 19th century . It was established by William Lane ( 1745 ? -1814 ) at No 33 Leadenhall Street , London , when he moved his circulating library there in about 1790 . Among his stable of writers were many female authors including Regina Maria Roche ( The Maid of Hamlet , 1793 ; Clermont , 1798 ) ; Mrs. Eliza Parsons ( The Castle of Wolfenbach , 1793 ; The Mysterious Warning , 1796 ) ; and Eleanor Sleath ( The Orphan of the Rhine , 1798 ) whose Gothic fiction is included in the list of the seven Northanger Horrid Novels , recommended by the character Isabella Thorpe in Jane Austen 's novel of similar name . Six of the Northanger Seven were published by Minerva . However many titles were anonymous , including such novels as Count Roderic 's Castle ( 1794 ) , The Haunted Castle ( 1794 ) , The Animated Skeleton ( 1798 ) and The New Monk ( 1798 ) , and the five novels of Helen Craik . Authors such as Emma Parker ( `` Emma de Lisle '' ) and Amelia de Beauclerc , who wrote for Minerva Press in the 1800s , are obscure today , and the market for Minerva 's books became negligible after the death of its charismatic founder . Lane was succeeded as proprietor of the Minerva Press by his partner , Anthony King ( A. K. ) Newman , who gradually dropped the Minerva name from his books ' title pages during the 1820s . Later books published by the press bear the imprint `` A. K. Newman & Co. . '' In the 20th century , the name Minerva Press was used by at least one publisher unconnected with the original firm .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9affe046dab904020747d9f5494e22ba", "text": "Theme (narrative) In contemporary literary studies , a theme is the central topic a text treats . Themes can be divided into two categories : a work 's thematic concept is what readers `` think the work is about '' and its thematic statement being `` what the work says about the subject '' . The most common contemporary understanding of theme is an idea or point that is central to a story , which can often be summed in a single word ( e.g. love , death , betrayal ) . Typical examples of themes of this type are conflict between the individual and society ; coming of age ; humans in conflict with technology ; nostalgia ; and the dangers of unchecked ambition . A theme may be exemplified by the actions , utterances , or thoughts of a character in a novel . An example of this would be the thematic idea of loneliness in John Steinbeck 's Of Mice and Men , wherein many of the characters seem to be lonely . It may differ from the thesis -- the text 's or author 's implied worldview . A story may have several themes . Themes often explore historically common or cross-culturally recognizable ideas , such as ethical questions , and are usually implied rather than stated explicitly . An example of this would be whether one should live a seemingly better life , at the price of giving up parts of one 's humanity , which is a theme in Aldous Huxley 's Brave New World . Along with plot , character , setting , and style , theme is considered one of the components of fiction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6", "text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "10554dda922079f0fef0d289ed1871fe", "text": "Illegitimacy in fiction This is a list of fictional stories in which illegitimacy features as an important plot element . Passing mentions are omitted from this article . Many of these stories explore the social pain and exclusion felt by illegitimate `` natural children '' . Illegitimacy was a common theme in Victorian literature . `` Illegitimacy was a popular subject for Victorian writers , not only because of its value as a plot device , but also because of the changing laws affecting illegitimate children and their parents which kept the topic in the public eye . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d35a10e5109be677270d1df8ca761ac", "text": "List of Oz books The Oz books form a book series that begins with The Wonderful Wizard of Oz ( 1900 ) and relate the fictional history of the Land of Oz . Oz was created by author L. Frank Baum , who went on to write fourteen full-length Oz books . All of the Baum written books are in the public domain in the United States . Even while he was alive , Baum was styled as `` the Royal Historian of Oz '' to emphasize the concept that Oz is an actual place . The illusion created was that characters such as Dorothy and Princess Ozma related their adventures in Oz to Baum themselves , by means of wireless telegraph .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af492998021ac84b2b18cda76cc3973f", "text": "Fictional universe of The Hunger Games The Hunger Games universe is a fictional world appearing in The Hunger Games trilogy written by Suzanne Collins . It consists primarily of the fictional nation of Panem , its Capitol where the totalitarian government resides , and the outlying districts , numbered 1 to 12 , each with a different economy . In addition , there is the secretive District 13 , where a rebel force is building strength . The Hunger Games themselves are an annual event in which citizens from the districts , selected through a process called `` reaping '' , are forced to participate in a battle to the death . The universe also contains fictional flora and fauna , such as the Mockingjay , a bird whose mimicry is used as a plot device , and after whom the third book in the series is named .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d82f3159a68fe7706bd0e3ab915810f4", "text": "Harry Potter in Calcutta Harry Potter in Calcutta is a work by Uttam Ghosh in which Harry Potter meets figures from Bengali literature . J. K. Rowling and her lawyers sued for the novel to be removed from the market , citing intellectual property concerns , and subsequently they were removed from sales .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b9747d17c14844ac77d05995c809f1c", "text": "List of fictional countries This is a list of Fictional countries from published works of fiction ( books , films , television series , games , etc. ) . Fictional works describe all the countries in the following list as located somewhere on the surface of the Earth as we know it -- as opposed to underground , inside the planet , on another world , or during a different `` age '' of the planet with a different physical geography .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f93b81ebb17f4e03cd63813999068237", "text": "Harry Potter Alliance The Harry Potter Alliance ( also known as the HPA ) is a nonprofit organization run primarily by Harry Potter fans . It was founded by Andrew Slack in 2005 to draw attention to human rights violations in Sudan . Since then , the organisation 's campaigns have focused on topics such as literacy , United States immigration reform , economic justice , gay rights , sexism , labor rights , mental health , body image , and climate change . They have received recognition from many popular figures in the Harry Potter community and have been the subject of multiple academic studies on fan activism and civic engagement among youth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67767dc40db4a8d1ad6dacbc0a7a8293", "text": "Encyclopedia An encyclopedia or encyclopaedia is a reference work or compendium providing a comprehensive summary of information from either all branches of knowledge or from a particular field or discipline . Encyclopedias are divided into articles or entries that are often arranged alphabetically by article name and sometimes by thematic categories . Encyclopedia entries are longer and more detailed than those in most dictionaries . Generally speaking , unlike dictionary entries which focus on linguistic information about words , such as their meaning , pronunciation , use , and grammatical forms , encyclopedia articles focus on factual information concerning the subject named in the article 's title . Encyclopedias have existed for around 2,000 years and have evolved considerably since that time as to language ( written in a major international or a vernacular language ) , size ( few or many volumes ) , intent ( presentation of a global or a limited range of knowledge ) , cultural perceptions ( authoritative , ideological , didactic , utilitarian ) , authorship ( qualifications , style ) , readership ( education level , background , interests , capabilities ) , and the technologies available for their production and distribution ( hand-written manuscripts , small or large print runs , internet production ) . As a valued source of reliable information compiled by experts , printed versions found a prominent place in libraries , schools and other educational institutions . The appearance of digital and open-source versions in the 20th century has vastly expanded the accessibility , authorship , readership , and variety of encyclopedia entries and called into question the idea of what an encyclopedia is and the relevance of applying to such dynamic productions the traditional criteria for assembling and evaluating print encyclopedias .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "589d9f7a6afc3708d11fad4583bbc0b0", "text": "Utopian and dystopian fiction The utopia and its derivative , the dystopia , are genres of literature that explore social and political structures . Utopian fiction portrays a setting that agrees with the author 's ethos , having various attributes of another reality intended to appeal to readers . Dystopian ( or dystopic ) fiction ( sometimes combined with , but distinct from apocalyptic literature ) is the opposite : the portrayal of a setting that completely disagrees with the author 's ethos . Many novels combine both , often as a metaphor for the different directions humanity can take , depending on its choices , ending up with one of two possible futures . Both utopias and dystopias are commonly found in science fiction and other speculative fiction genres , and arguably are by definition a type of speculative fiction . More than 400 utopian works were published prior to the year 1900 in the English language alone , with more than a thousand others during the twentieth century .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28563a7ec5e6d1ac78e1f62a5336c54c", "text": "Legal fiction A legal fiction is a fact assumed or created by courts which is then used in order to apply a legal rule . Typically , a legal fiction allows the court to ignore a fact that would prevent it from exercising its jurisdiction , by simply assuming that the fact is different . This is the case with the Bill of Middlesex where the Court of King 's Bench could only exercise jurisdiction over cases which took place in the historic English county of Middlesex . To allow the Court , which was the central court of the land , to take jurisdiction over other cases , parties began to plead that , along with the other facts , there had also been a trespass which occurred in Middlesex . This allowed the King 's Bench to rule on the whole of the case . Legal fictions are different from legal presumptions which assume a certain state of facts until the opposite is proved , such as the presumption of legitimacy . They are different from hypothetical examples , such as the ` reasonable person ' which serve as tools for the court to express its reasoning . They are also different from legal principles which create a legal state of affairs that is different from the underlying facts , such as corporate personhood although these are sometimes wrongly called legal fictions . The term `` legal fiction '' is not usually used in a pejorative way , and has been likened to scaffolding around a building under construction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a9e8c479b901e51890a1d2e7a31c5d1", "text": "The Tale of Two Bad Mice The Tale of Two Bad Mice is a children 's book written and illustrated by Beatrix Potter , and published by Frederick Warne & Co. in September 1904 . Potter took inspiration for the tale from two mice caught in a cage-trap in her cousin 's home and a dollhouse being constructed by her editor and publisher Norman Warne as a Christmas gift for his niece Winifred . While the tale was being developed , Potter and Warne fell in love and became engaged , much to the annoyance of Potter 's parents , who were grooming their daughter to be a permanent resident and housekeeper in their London home . The tale is about two mice who vandalize a dollhouse . After finding the food on the dining room table made of plaster , they smash the dishes , throw the doll clothing out the window , tear the bolster , and carry off a number of articles to their mouse-hole . When the little girl who owns the dollhouse discovers the destruction , she positions a policeman doll outside the front door to ward off any future depredation . The two mice atone for their crime spree by putting a crooked sixpence in the doll 's stocking on Christmas Eve and sweeping the house every morning with a dust-pan and broom . The tale 's themes of rebellion , insurrection , and individualism reflect not only Potter 's desire to free herself of her domineering parents and build a home of her own , but her fears about independence and her frustrations with Victorian domesticity . The book was critically well received and brought Potter her first fan letter from America . The tale was adapted to a segment in the 1971 Royal Ballet film The Tales of Beatrix Potter and to an animated episode in the BBC series The World of Peter Rabbit and Friends . Merchandise inspired by the tale includes Beswick Pottery porcelain figurines and Schmid music boxes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8cdeaccd00bb2867e8043061d9f3211", "text": "Novel in Scotland The novel in Scotland includes all long prose fiction published in Scotland and by Scottish authors since the development of the literary format in the eighteenth century . The novel was soon a major element of Scottish literary and critical life . Tobias Smollett 's picaresque novels , such as The Adventures of Roderick Random and The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle mean that he is often seen as Scotland 's first novelist . Other Scots who contributed to the development of the novel in the eighteenth century include Henry Mackenzie and John Moore . There was a tradition of moral and domestic fiction in the early nineteenth century that included the work of Elizabeth Hamilton , Mary Brunton and Christian Johnstone . The outstanding literary figure of the early nineteenth century was Walter Scott , whose Waverley is often called the first historical novel . He had a major worldwide influence . His success led to a publishing boom in Scotland . Major figures that benefited included James Hogg , John Galt , John Gibson Lockhart , John Wilson and Susan Ferrier . In the mid-nineteenth century major literary figures that contributed to the development of the novel included David Macbeth Moir , John Stuart Blackie , William Edmondstoune Aytoun and Margaret Oliphant . In the late nineteenth century , a number of Scottish-born authors achieved international reputations , including Robert Louis Stevenson and Arthur Conan Doyle , whose Sherlock Holmes stories helped found the tradition of detective fiction . In the last two decades of the century the `` kailyard school '' ( cabbage patch ) depicted Scotland in a rural and nostalgic fashion , often seen as a `` failure of nerve '' in dealing with the rapid changes that had swept across Scotland in the industrial revolution . Figures associated with the movement include Ian Maclaren , S. R. Crockett and J. M. Barrie , best known for his creation of Peter Pan , which helped develop the genre of fantasy , as did the work of George MacDonald . Among the most important novels of the early twentieth century was The House with the Green Shutters by George Douglas Brown , which broke with the Kailyard tradition . John Buchan played a major role in the creation of the modern thriller with The Thirty-Nine Steps and Greenmantle . The Scottish literary Renaissance attempted to introduce modernism into art and create of a distinctive national literature . It increasingly focused on the novel . Major figures included Neil Gunn , George Blake , A. J. Cronin , Eric Linklater and Lewis Grassic Gibbon . There were also a large number of female authors associated with the movement , who included Catherine Carswell , Willa Muir , Nan Shepherd and Naomi Mitchison . Many major Scottish post-war novelists , such as Robin Jenkins , Jessie Kesson , Muriel Spark , Alexander Trocchi and James Kennaway spent most of their lives outside Scotland , but often dealt with Scottish themes . Successful mass-market works included the action novels of Alistair MacLean and the historical fiction of Dorothy Dunnett . A younger generation of novelists that emerged in the 1960s and 1970s included Allan Massie , Shena Mackay and Alan Spence . Working class identity continued to be explored by Archie Hind , Alan Sharp , George Friel and William McIlvanney . From the 1980s Scottish literature enjoyed another major revival , with figures including Alasdair Gray , James Kelman , Irvine Welsh , Alan Warner , Janice Galloway , A. L. Kennedy , Iain Banks , Candia McWilliam , Frank Kuppner and Andrew O'Hagan . In genre fiction Iain Banks , writing as Iain M. Banks , produced ground-breaking science fiction and Scottish crime fiction has been a major area of growth with the success of novelists including Frederic Lindsay , Quintin Jardine , Val McDermid , Denise Mina , Christopher Brookmyre , and particularly Ian Rankin and his Inspector Rebus novels . The most successful author of Scottish origins in recent years has been J. K. Rowling , author of the Harry Potter series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94486546ed2f068c6b7588250cf0b064", "text": "Alchemy in art and entertainment Alchemy has had a long-standing relationship with art , seen both in alchemical texts and in mainstream entertainment . Literary alchemy appears throughout the history of English literature from Shakespeare to modern Fantasy authors . Here , characters or plot structure follow an alchemical magnum opus . In the fourteenth century , Chaucer began a trend of alchemical satire that can still be seen in recent fantasy works like those of Terry Pratchett . Visual artists had a similar relationship with alchemy . While some of them used alchemy as a source of satire , others worked with the alchemists themselves or integrated alchemical thought or symbols in their work . Music was also present in the works of alchemists and continues to influence popular performers . In the last hundred years , alchemists have been portrayed in a magical and spagyric role in fantasy fiction , film , television , comics and video games .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "5c7b2dbe48300860b8ac78b152569e21", "text": "Give Your Heart a Break `` Give Your Heart a Break '' is a song by American singer Demi Lovato for her third studio album Unbroken ( 2011 ) . It was released on January 23 , 2012 by Hollywood Records , as the second and final single from the album . The song was written and produced by Josh Alexander and Billy Steinberg . `` Give Your Heart a Break '' incorporates drums , violin and strings . The latter two , according to music critics , are reminiscent of those used in Coldplay 's `` Viva la Vida '' . Lyrically , the song chronicles the protagonist 's attempt to win over her lover who has been hurt in a previous relationship and is fearful of committing again . Music critics mostly praised the production and Lovato 's vocals . The single debuted at number 72 on the Billboard Hot 100 and peaked at number 16 on the chart , as well as reaching number one on Billboard Pop Songs chart . The song has debuted at number 22 in New Zealand and has peaked at number nine , marking the first time Lovato had two top 10 singles from one album in the country .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b971499eab4de6e7f8d0f3309240ae7e", "text": "Cool for the Summer `` Cool for the Summer '' is a song by American singer Demi Lovato . It serves as the lead single from her fifth studio album , Confident ( 2015 ) . The song was released on July 1 , 2015 , by Hollywood , and Island Records , and made its radio premiere on the same date via Republic Records . Lovato co-wrote `` Cool for the Summer '' with Alexander Erik Kronlund , Savan Kotecha , and the song 's producers Max Martin and Ali Payami . Musically , it has a rock styled edge over an electronic instrumental arrangement . The song has garnered attention for its bi-curious insinuations and sexually suggestive lyrics . Critics praised `` Cool for the Summer '' for its production and bi-curious lyrical content . It was included on several year-end lists and received nominations for the MTV Video Music Awards and 2015 Teen Choice Awards in the `` Song Of The Summer '' category . The song received an award for being one of the most performed songs of 2015 at the ASCAP Pop Music Awards . Commercially `` Cool for the Summer '' had a positive reception . In United States the song debuted at number 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 dated July 18 , 2015 , selling 80,000 copies in its first charting week . It entered the Hot 100 's top 20 on the chart dated August 15 , 2015 , and peaked at number 11 , becoming Lovato 's third highest chart position . The song also reached number one on the Dance Club Songs chart . It was certified double-platinum by RIAA . `` Cool for the Summer '' has also topped the charts in Greece and peaked within the top 10 in Belgium , the Czech Republic , Lebanon , Mexico , New Zealand , and the United Kingdom as well as the top 20 in Australia , Canada , Ireland , Slovakia , and Spain . Its music video was directed by Hannah Lux Davis and released on July 23 , 2015 . It received positive reviews from critics , who praised the singer 's sensuality and artistic growth . To promote the song , Lovato performed it at pool parties after its release . She also promoted the song on several TV programs such as The Voice , Sunrise , the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards , Jimmy Kimmel Live ! , and Saturday Night Live .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c01abc2bb7b2632c2eca7345b1297668", "text": "Demi Lovato Demetria Devonne Lovato ( -LSB- ˈdɛmi_loʊ-ˈvɑːtoʊ -RSB- or ; born August 20 , 1992 ) is an American singer , songwriter , and actress . After making her debut as a child actress in Barney & Friends , Lovato rose to prominence in 2008 when she starred in the Disney Channel television film Camp Rock and released her debut single `` This Is Me '' which peaked at number nine on the Billboard Hot 100 . The success of the film and its soundtrack resulted in a recording contract with Hollywood Records . Her debut album , Do n't Forget ( 2008 ) , debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 . The following year , Lovato was cast as the titular character of the television series Sonny with a Chance and she released her sophomore album , Here We Go Again , which became her first one to top the Billboard 200 chart . After the release of additional television films and their soundtracks in 2010 , including Camp Rock 2 : The Final Jam , Lovato 's personal issues put her career on a hiatus and led to the discontinuation of Sonny with a Chance after a second season . She entered a treatment center in November 2010 to seek help for addictions , an eating disorder , and self-harm . While there , she was diagnosed with bipolar disorder . Work on her third studio album , Unbroken ( 2011 ) , began after she successfully completed treatment . The album addresses several of her difficulties . Its lead single , `` Skyscraper '' , became Lovato 's second top 10 entry in the US , while its second single , `` Give Your Heart a Break '' , was certified triple platinum in the country . Lovato was a judge and mentor on the American version of The X Factor in 2012 and 2013 . Her third album , Demi ( 2013 ) , opened with first-week sales of 110,000 copies . The lead single from her eponymous album , `` Heart Attack '' , became her third top 10 in the US and the album spawned three more singles . While promoting the project , Lovato released a book titled Staying Strong : 365 Days a Year ( 2013 ) . She also returned to acting as a recurring character in Glee , and released a memoir in 2014 . Lovato 's fifth album , Confident ( 2015 ) , reached number two on the Billboard 200 . Its lead single `` Cool for the Summer '' was eventually certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America . All five of Lovato 's albums have received a gold certification in the US . Musically , Lovato is considered a pop , pop rock , and R&B artist . Lovato has received a considerable number of accolades , including an MTV Video Music Award , 13 Teen Choice Awards , five People 's Choice Awards , an ALMA Award , a Latin American Music Award and a Grammy Award nomination . In 2013 , Maxim ranked her 26th on its Hot 100 list and Billboard ranked her second on its Social 50 Artists of the Year list . Outside the entertainment industry , Lovato has been involved with several social and environmental causes since the launch of her career . In May 2013 , she was cited for her dedication as a mentor to teens and young adults with mental health challenges at a National Children 's Mental Health Awareness Day hosted by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration in Washington , D.C. . She has also become an advocate for the LGBT community , and women 's rights . In 2014 , she was announced as the Grand Marshal for LA Pride week , and that same year she became the face for Human Rights Campaign 's Americans for Marriage Equality Campaign . In April 2016 , Lovato was honored with the GLAAD Vanguard Award for making a significant difference in promoting equal rights for LGBT people .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c32f098d4779102cb2044d47bddad91c", "text": "Heart Attack (Demi Lovato song) `` Heart Attack '' is a song by American singer Demi Lovato . The song was released on February 24 , 2013 , as the lead single from her fourth studio album , Demi ( 2013 ) . The song was produced by Mitch Allan and Jason Evigan of `` The Suspex '' , who co-wrote the song along with Lovato , Sean Douglas , Nikki Williams , and Aaron Phillips . `` Heart Attack '' is an electropop song that employs cardiac motifs to represent the fear of falling in love . Music critics mostly complimented the lyrical content and Lovato 's vocal range . The song sold 215,000 copies in the U.S in its first week her best sales week for a song download , and peaked at number 10 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 , becoming Lovato 's second solo top-ten single in the country . It was later certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , having sold over two million copies in the United States . `` Heart Attack '' performed well internationally attaining certifications in countries , including Canada , Denmark , Sweden , and the United Kingdom . An accompanying music video for `` Heart Attack '' was directed by Chris Applebaum , and was premiered through Vevo on April 9 , 2013 . Lovato has performed the track on several television programs , and has also included the song on the set list of her headlining The Neon Lights Tour ( 2014 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd31290647572f2fb7e1425ddd41c66f", "text": "Confident (album) Confident is the fifth studio album by American singer Demi Lovato . It was released on October 16 , 2015 , by Hollywood , Island and Safehouse Records . The album features guest appearances from Australian rapper Iggy Azalea and American rapper Sirah , while Lovato co-wrote most of the songs on the album and worked with writers and producers such as Max Martin , Ryan Tedder , Steve Mac , Rami and Stargate , among others . The album received positive reviews from critics , who praised its themes . Its lead single , `` Cool for the Summer '' , was released on July 1 , 2015 , peaking at number 11 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and was certified double platinum . The second single , `` Confident '' , premiered on September 18 , 2015 , and peaked at number 21 on the Hot 100 . The third and final single , `` Stone Cold '' , peaked at number 2 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 . Following its release , the album debuted at number one in Canada , while reaching the top 10 in fifteen other countries , including the United Kingdom and the United States . Confident was nominated for Best Pop Vocal Album at the 59th Grammy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac95d66a5ca56251967522fc69f41644", "text": "Demi (album) Demi is the fourth studio album by American singer Demi Lovato . It was released on May 10 , 2013 , by Hollywood Records . Looking to transition from her self-described `` generic '' third album Unbroken ( 2011 ) , Lovato wanted to make her fourth album to `` have songs that excited her '' . The album incorporates pop with elements of synthpop , and bubblegum pop . The album was recorded between 2012 and 2013 , when Lovato served as a judge on the second season from the American version of The X Factor . Demi received generally favorable reviews from music critics , who complimented Lovato 's vocal performance . The album debuted number three on the US Billboard 200 with the first-week sales of 110,000 copies -- the highest first-week album sales of Lovato 's career . The album also reached the top five in Canada , Ireland , Italy , Mexico and Spain . The album 's lead single , `` Heart Attack '' peaked at number 10 on the Billboard Hot 100 , marking Lovato 's third US top 10 single . Second single `` Made in the USA '' peaked at number 80 , while later singles `` Neon Lights '' and `` Really Do n't Care '' both reached the top 40 peaking at 36 and 26 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "89af5b8ba3b119ce1836e64617bd2c6b", "text": "Here We Go Again (Demi Lovato album) Here We Go Again is the second studio album by American singer Demi Lovato . It was released on July 21 , 2009 , through Hollywood Records . Unlike her previous album , Do n't Forget ( 2008 ) , Lovato did not collaborate with the Jonas Brothers , as she wanted to work with different people and give the album a personal approach . Lovato collaborated for the album with established songwriters and producers , such as E. Kidd Bogart , Gary Clark , Toby Gad , John Mayer , Jon McLaughlin , Lindy Robbins and John Fields , who produced her previous album Do n't Forget . Lovato also collaborated with The Academy Is ... lead singer William Beckett to write a song about a strained relationship with her father , which was originally set to appear on the album , but was later dropped . The song later appeared on her third album Unbroken ( 2011 ) . Here We Go Again derives mainly from the pop rock genre , mixed with influences of power pop , jazz-pop , soul and pop . Lovato wanted the album 's music to be less rock and more mellow than her previous album , while exploring more mature sounds and lyrics . Critical reception of the album was positive ; critics praised Lovato for not relying on vocal manipulations and instead showing off her natural ability . Although some critics called the album catchy , others felt that it was predictable and at times too much alike Kelly Clarkson . In the United States , the album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 selling 108,000 copies during its first week of release . Since its release , the album has sold over 500,000 copies in the US , and had been certified gold . Internationally , the album peaked inside the top 40 on charts in Australia , Brazil , Canada , Greece , Mexico , New Zealand and Spain . It was certified Platinum in Brazil . As of 2014 , the album has sold 496,000 copies in the United States . `` Here We Go Again '' was released as the lead single from the album in June 23 , 2009 and was Lovato 's first solo single to reach the top 40 on the Billboard Hot 100 , peaking at number 15 . `` Remember December '' was the second and final single only in Europe in January 18 , 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1bf69c446a398a1d3698e0f7e1ae04f", "text": "Unbroken (Demi Lovato album) Unbroken is the third studio album by American singer Demi Lovato . It was released on September 20 , 2011 , by Hollywood Records . Lovato described the album as `` more mature '' and `` a little more R&B / pop '' than her previous material , citing Rihanna as the major influence . While some of the album 's lyrical content was heavily influenced by Lovato 's personal struggles , it also deals with lighter subjects , such as love , self empowerment , and having fun . The album received generally mixed to mostly positive reviews from music critics , with some who commended its ballad tracks and praised Lovato 's vocals , but others who dismissed it as `` immature '' and criticized its amount of `` party songs '' . Commercially , the album peaked at number four on the Billboard 200 , with sales exceeding 97,000 copies in its first week of release . It was eventually certified gold . Unbroken performed well internationally worldwide , and peaked in the top 40 in many countries including , Australia , Canada , Italy , Mexico , New Zealand , Spain and Switzerland . It was certified Platinum in Brazil , and Gold in Chile and the Philippines . The lead single `` Skyscraper '' was released on July 12 , 2011 . The song was a commercial success and peaked number ten on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it Lovato 's second highest-charting single to date , behind `` This Is Me '' and her most successful until `` Heart Attack '' cracked the Top 10 . It also reached the top twenty in Canada , New Zealand and Scotland and sold over 1,000,000 copies in the United States , where it was certified platinum . The song was well received from music critics , who generally cited as a highlight on the album . `` Give Your Heart a Break '' was released as the second and final single from the album on January 23 , 2012 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "680902e19fc5e504e09a3ce42bee1195", "text": "Backing vocalist Backing vocalists are singers who provide vocal harmony with the lead vocalist or other backing vocalists . In some cases , a backing singer may sing alone as a lead-in to the main vocalist 's entry or to sing a counter-melody . Backing vocalists are used in a broad range of popular music , traditional music and world music styles . Solo artists may employ professional backing vocalists in studio recording sessions as well as during concerts . In many rock and metal bands ( e.g. , the power trio ) , the musicians doing backup vocals also play instruments , such as guitar , electric bass , drums , or keyboards . In Latin or Afro-Cuban groups , backup singers may play percussion instruments or shakers while singing . In some pop and hip-hop groups and in musical theater , the backup singers may be required to perform elaborately choreographed dance routines while they sing through headset microphones . The style of singing used by backup singers varies according to the type of song and the genre of music the band plays . In pop and country songs , backup vocalists may perform vocal harmony parts to support the lead vocalist . In hardcore punk or rockabilly , other band members who play instruments may sing or shout backup vocals during the chorus ( refrain ) section of the songs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d7e218fa44d73d4e3fcd15472abff9f", "text": "Entertainer of the Year Entertainer of the Year is the twenty-first studio album by American country music singer-songwriter , Loretta Lynn . It was released on February 26 , 1973 , by MCA Records . Entertainer of the Year was titled after Lynn received the `` Entertainer of the Year '' award from the Country Music Association the previous year , becoming the first woman to win that award . The one and only single from the album was released in late 1972 , `` Rated X '' . The song was a self-penned song by Lynn and peaked at # 1 on the Billboard country chart in 1973 , her first # 1 hit since 1971 , and became also one of her more controversial songs , describing the double-standard frequently endured by divorced women at the time . The album was Lynn 's first studio album of 1973 , and Lynn would end up releasing an additional two for the year . The album was very successful on the Billboard album charts , peaking at # 1 on the Top Country Albums chart , and did not chart on the Billboard 200 . The album became Lynn 's fourth album to top the Top Country Albums chart . The album was Lynn 's first released on the MCA Records label , after the Decca label was retired by the company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "78e1436e2e6da6f0d9a532483a021ad8", "text": "Just a Little While `` Just a Little While '' is a song by American recording artist Janet Jackson , released as the lead single from her eighth studio album , Damita Jo ( 2004 ) . Written by Jackson and Dallas Austin , the song fuses pop with elements of rock , dance , and funk , and is a reflection of Jackson 's new-found happiness . The song leaked ahead of its scheduled release , causing Jackson 's record company to rush with a music video and promotion . It was released following Jackson 's controversial Super Bowl Halftime Show performance incident on February 2 , 2004 , as the lead single from Damita Jo . `` Just a Little While '' received favorable reception from critics , who felt its elements of rock and dance-pop would ensure success . However , following the Super Bowl incident , Jackson 's singles and music videos were blacklisted on many radio formats and music channels worldwide , affecting the song 's performance . Although its success in the US was limited , peaking at number 45 on the Billboard Hot 100 , it peaked atop the Hot Dance Club Songs chart . Internationally , it was more successful , reaching the top ten in Belgium , Canada , and Spain and the top twenty in Australia and The United Kingdom . It peaked at number one in Japan for five weeks , and was the year 's second-biggest hit on Japan 's international airplay chart . The song 's music video , directed by Dave Meyers , was released exclusively in international territories due to the controversy surrounding Jackson at the time . It portrays Jackson filming a DVD for her boyfriend in a futuristic apartment setting , displaying her multiple personae . An alternate live video , filmed in London , was included on Jackson 's From janet . to Damita Jo compilation . Jackson performed the song on television shows including Top of the Pops , Hey ! Hey ! Hey ! , and Festivalbar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8ffb7ce9c42d7a428fda7583f9d44e0", "text": "Ashanti (singer) Ashanti Shequoiya Douglas ( born October 13 , 1980 ) , known simply as Ashanti , is an American singer , songwriter , record producer , dancer and actress . Ashanti is known for her eponymous debut album , which featured the hit song `` Foolish '' , and sold over 505,000 copies in its first week of release throughout the U.S. in April 2002 . In 2003 , the self-titled debut album won Ashanti her first Grammy Award for Best Contemporary R&B album . Her second release achieved a platinum certification and other top 10 singles . Ashanti wrote and sang background on Jennifer Lopez 's `` Ai n't It Funny ( Murder Remix ) '' , which reached number one on Billboard Hot 100 , which was also in the top 10 chart at the same time as `` Foolish '' , `` Always on Time '' ( with Ja Rule ) , and `` What 's Luv ? '' ( with Fat Joe ) . Later that year , she was acclaimed as the `` Princess Of Hip-Hop & R&B '' by her label and capped off her successful debut by winning eight Billboard awards and two American Music Awards . Ashanti cites Whitney Houston , Janet Jackson , Prince , Madonna , Tupac Shakur , Mary J. Blige , Ella Fitzgerald , Smokey Robinson , Donna Summer , and Blue Magic as her musical influences . Since 2013 , she is currently working on her own publishing company titled Written Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c08c87fd6a99eb0d2b23b7caf375cd3f", "text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2007 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , and airplay . In 2007 , 17 singles reached the top spot on the chart . An 18th single , Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , began a run at the top in 2006 which continued into 2007 . In 2007 , eight acts achieved their first US number-one single , either as a lead artist or featured guest : Maroon 5 , Avril Lavigne , Mims , Plain White T 's , Sean Kingston , Soulja Boy Tell 'Em , T-Pain , and Yung Joc . Producer Timbaland earned his first number-one single as lead artist with `` Give It to Me '' ; he had previously appeared as featured guest on singer Nelly Furtado 's number-one single `` Promiscuous '' . T-Pain , Justin Timberlake , Nelly Furtado and Fergie each earned two number-one singles , either as a lead artist or featured guest . Three number-one singles tied for the longest run on the chart in 2007 : Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , Rihanna 's `` Umbrella '' , and Soulja Boy Tell 'Em 's `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' all topped the chart for seven weeks ; the last of these was non-consecutive . However , `` Irreplaceable '' , which started its peak position in three issues the previous year , is credited to by Billboard magazine as 2006 's longest-running single . To this effect , `` Umbrella '' and `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' are the longest-running singles of 2007 . Other singles with extended chart runs include singer Alicia Keys ' `` No One '' which stayed at number one for five straight weeks . `` Irreplaceable '' is the best-performing single of the calendar year , topping the Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2007 for seven consecutive weeks . Band Maroon 5 's `` Makes Me Wonder '' is noted for its jump from 64th to 1st place on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it the largest leap of 2007 . `` Umbrella '' , which occupied the top slot for seven of summer 's thirteen weeks , has been credited by the music press as 2007 's Song of the Summer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9fff2cfe403a27ec393012decc92f8d5", "text": "The Heart Wants What It Wants `` The Heart Wants What It Wants '' is a song by American singer Selena Gomez from her 2014 compilation album For You . It was released on November 6 , 2014 , through Hollywood Records . The song was written by Gomez , Antonina Armato and Tim James . Additional songwriting was provided by David Jost . Armato and James , who collectively form the production duo Rock Mafia , also produced the song . A mid-tempo pop and R&B track with a minimal electropop beat , its accompanying music video was premiered on November 6 , 2014 , alongside the premiere of the song itself . It is Gomez 's last release under the label . Music critics mostly commended the song 's lyrical content , production , vocals , and Gomez 's new direction . The song reached number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . It also reached number six in Canada , and peaked in the top 40 in sixteen countries , including Australia , Belgium , New Zealand , and the United Kingdom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4291ec8ba8e4f0f678c6bfa845c363ff", "text": "Epic Records Epic Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment , a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America , Inc. . Epic was founded predominantly as a jazz and classical music label in 1953 . It later expanded its scope to include a more diverse range of musical genres , including pop , R&B , rock and hip hop . Historically , the label has housed popular acts such as Michael Jackson , Cheap Trick , Shakira , Celine Dion , ABBA , Anastacia , Boston , Dave Clark Five , Gloria Estefan , Pearl Jam and Sly & the Family Stone . Along with Columbia and RCA Records , Epic is one of Sony Music Entertainment 's three main record labels . Artists currently signed to Epic as of 2017 include Fiona Apple , Sara Bareilles , Mariah Carey , Keyshia Cole , Future , Fifth Harmony , Jennifer Hudson , Zara Larsson , Jennifer Lopez , Outkast , Ozzy Osbourne , Judas Priest , Busta Rhymes , Rick Ross , Sade , 21 Savage , Travis Scott and Meghan Trainor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1fa25961685500c1943b35b3003171d", "text": "Send It On (Disney's Friends for Change song) `` Send It On '' is a song performed by American recording artists Demi Lovato , the Jonas Brothers , Miley Cyrus and Selena Gomez . The group , billed as Disney 's Friends for Change , stems from Disney 's environmental initiative of the same name . `` Send It On '' was written by Adam Anders , Nikki Hassman , and Peer Åström and produced by Anders and Åström . The song was released on August 11 , 2009 by Walt Disney and Hollywood Records as a promotional charity single in order to benefit international environmental associations . In regard to the song and the campaign , the six singers noted that it is a good cause and that it is one dear to them . The ballad is lyrically about passing on an environmentalist message . The song garnered mixed to average reviews from critics , who noted that the lyrics make no mention of the environment . The song received airplay only on Radio Disney and peaked at number twenty on the Billboard Hot 100 . The corresponding music video has all four acts singing into microphones on top of a brightly lit stage and running across a park setting where many children are following them .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7fc02fbcc4bc959f4ee3adf65cff5d64", "text": "Loca (Shakira song) `` Loca '' ( `` Crazy '' ) is a song by Colombian singer-songwriter Shakira , taken from her seventh studio album , Sale el Sol ( 2010 ) . It was released by Epic Records as the lead single from the album . The Spanish-language version features Dominican rapper El Cata , and was released on 10 September 2010 , while the English-language version features British rapper Dizzee Rascal , and was released on 13 September 2010 . It was written and produced by Shakira , with additional songwriting from Edward Bello , Armando Pérez , and Dylan Mills . The song is a Latin pop and merengue track that lyrically describes Shakira 's eccentric infatuation with a man . In August 2014 , a senior US district judge found `` Loca '' to have been indirectly plagiarised from `` Loca con su Tiguere '' , a mid-1990s song composed by Dominican songwriter Ramon `` Arias '' Vasquez . The case was dismissed in August 2015 after it was found that Vasquez had fabricated the evidence he had presented in court . Upon its release , `` Loca '' received generally favourable reviews from music critics , who complimented the inclusion of merengue music on the recording . The English version of the song became a worldwide commercial success and peaked inside the top five of the record charts of countries including Austria , Belgium , France , Hungary and Italy . The Spanish version peaked atop the charts of Spain and Switzerland , and became a hit on the Latin record charts in the United States , topping the Billboard Hot Latin Songs , Latin Pop Airplay , and Tropical Songs charts . `` Loca '' received record certifications in various countries around the world , including a diamond certification in Colombia and multi-platinum certifications in Italy , Mexico , and Spain . Its accompanying music video was filmed in Barcelona , Spain in August 2010 , and was released the following month . It features Shakira interacting with a beach crowd , and dancing in front of the sea wearing a golden bikini . It generated a favourable response from critics , many of whom praised its concept for matching the vibe of the song . For additional promotion , Shakira performed `` Loca '' on several television shows and on her The Sun Comes Out World Tour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "890e246a8446f4823092acd416b53728", "text": "Anastacia discography The discography of Anastacia , an American singer-songwriter , consists of six studio albums , twenty two singles , twenty three music videos , and two DVDs . She released her debut album , Not That Kind on June 13 , 2000 . The album reached the top ten in eight countries in Europe and Asia . It went four times platinum in Europe and triple platinum in Australia ; her debut single `` I 'm Outta Love '' was a global smash hit in 1999 topping the charts in Belgium , Australia and New Zealand , peaking at number two in France , Switzerland , Italy and Ireland as well as also reaching number six both in Germany . The second single `` Not That Kind '' reached number 11 in the UK and became a Top 10 hit in Italy . It also entered the Top 20 in Switzerland and France . `` Cowboys & Kisses '' was released as the third single off the album , charting in the top forty in some European countries . As the last promotional only single , `` Made for Lovin ' You '' charted in the UK at number twenty-seven and in France at number seventy-two . Her second album Freak of Nature released in 2001 , achieved successful sales in the U.K. where it went triple platinum as well as being a hit throughout continental Europe , however unlike her debut it did not match the same level of international success . The first single released was `` Paid My Dues '' . The song became an overall hit , in 2001 , peaking in Denmark , Italy , Norway , and Switzerland , and reaching the top ten in several other mainland European countries . The second single , released in 2002 , `` One Day in Your Life '' , reached number eleven in the UK and the top ten in many European countries . The next single `` Why 'd You Lie to Me '' reached the top thirty in the UK . `` You 'll Never Be Alone '' , the fourth single , reached number twenty-eight on the Adult Contemporary chart in the U.S. Anastacia quickly became her most successful album to date , giving her a third consecutive triple platinum album in the U.K. and reaching the top of national charts of Ireland , the Netherlands , Australia , Greece , Germany and other countries . Unlike her first two albums , which were released in her homeland of America , Anastacia was not , despite being scheduled for release on three occasions . The first single , released in March , was `` Left Outside Alone '' , which saw a change in direction for Anastacia . It was one of the biggest songs in Europe of 2004 , reaching number one Austria , Italy , Spain , Switzerland and number two in Denmark , Germany , Ireland , the Netherlands , Norway and number three in the United Kingdom and Hungary . Overall the song remained at No. 1 on the European Billboards for 15 weeks . The song also peaked in the Australian charts where it went on to become the countries ' second biggest selling single of 2004 . Anastacia released three further internationally successful singles ; `` Sick and Tired '' ( which gave her another number one in Spain and another UK top five single ) , `` Welcome to My Truth '' ( her best-selling hit in Spain ) , and the ballad `` Heavy on My Heart '' proceeds from the sale of which went towards her Anastacia Fund ( a charitable organization providing research funding for breast cancer ) . On July 24 , Anastacia announced that her fourth studio album Heavy Rotation would be released October 27 , 2008 in Europe and Asia ( and elsewhere in 2009 ) . Her fourth studio album proved to be less successful than her previous ones ; her singles failed to reach the top 40 in her most commercially successful country ( UK ) . The album 's first single , called `` I Can Feel You '' , began playing in some radio markets on August 25 , 2008 . The second single from Heavy Rotation was `` Absolutely Positively '' , later served as a promotional single only . The third official single from the album had been confirmed as `` Defeated '' and was released as a promotional single only in Europe without a music video . It 's a Man 's World , a collection of her covers by rock male artists was released on November 9 , 2012 . Anastacia confirmed via her Twitter account that she was currently writing songs for producers , John Fields and Steve Diamond and also , recording her sixth studio album which will return to her own chosen `` sprock '' sound . The album , entitled Resurrection , is to be released in May 2014 with the lead single `` Stupid Little Things '' was released on April 4 and was met with overwhelmingly positive reaction from music critics with MTV 's Brad Stern including it in the 5 Must-Hear Pop Songs of the Week ! stating that it was ` return to form ' from the ` pop princess and proof that Anastacia 's a true survivor ' , after her second battle with breast cancer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb78d839de029f4f8e6ccfea7cca6929", "text": "The Pussycat Dolls discography The discography of American girl group The Pussycat Dolls consists of two studio albums , one extended play , two live albums , 14 singles , two promotional singles and 13 music videos . To date , the group has sold 15 million albums and 40 million singles worldwide . In 2003 , Robin Antin struck a joint venture with Interscope Records to develop the Pussycat Dolls into a recording group . In 2004 , the group made their musical debut by releasing a cover of `` Sway '' , for the soundtrack to the film , Shall We Dance ? . Their self-titled debut album was released in September 2005 and it peaked at number five on the Billboard 200 . It earned double platinum certification in the United States by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , and 3 × platinum in Australia by the Australian Recording Industry Association ( ARIA ) , and 4 × platinum the United Kingdom by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) . The album 's lead single , `` Do n't Cha '' , peaked atop the charts in 15 countries and reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100 and was certified platinum by the RIAA . Its follow-up singles , `` Stickwitu '' and `` Buttons '' were also a commercial success peaking in the top five on charts worldwide . After the success of their debut album , The Pussycat Dolls released their first video album , Pussycat Dolls : Live from London in 2006 to coincide with the group 's headlining world tour . As of 2008 , PCD has sold 3 million copies in the United States . After a three-year hiatus in hopes to further Scherzinger 's own solo career , the group reunited to record their second and final studio album , Doll Domination in September 2008 . Scherzinger began to receive a larger input in the recording process as co-writer and co-producer of the album . Doll Domination garnered a higher peak position than PCD of number four on Billboard 200 , but failed to match its predecessor 's commercial success . Its lead single `` When I Grow Up '' became another top ten single for the group . `` I Hate This Part '' was released as the second single and managed to attain similar success . In early 2009 , Doll Domination was re-released as two compilation albums . The lead single from Doll Domination 2.0 was `` Jai Ho ! ( You Are My Destiny ) '' which reached number one in 17 countries and follow-up single `` Hush Hush ; Hush Hush '' reached the top 20 worldwide . In 2010 , the original recording group line-up disbanded .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7770b9470539cb6569fa9059a3f3f43c", "text": "A Katy or a Gaga `` A Katy or a Gaga '' is the fourth episode of the fifth season of the American musical television series Glee , and the ninety-second episode overall . It was written by executive producers Russel Friend & Garrett Lerner , and directed by co-creator Ian Brennan , and it aired on Fox in the United States on November 7 , 2013 . The episode features the music of Katy Perry and Lady Gaga , the debut of guest star Adam Lambert as Elliott `` Starchild '' Gilbert , and the return of special guest star Demi Lovato as Dani , Santana 's ( Naya Rivera ) girlfriend . In this episode , the glee club is challenged to perform music from either Katy Perry or Lady Gaga , whichever performer they have the least affinity for , to stretch their boundaries . Kurt decides to form a band , and is resistant to the idea that he should include Starchild in it following a highly flamboyant yet excellent audition . The episode was watched by 4.01 million viewers , and received mixed reviews from critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a9e9145ddebe517213726873525a453", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Meghan Trainor American singer and songwriter Meghan Trainor has received 14 awards from 66 nominations . Trainor signed a record deal with Epic Records in 2014 and released her debut single `` All About That Bass '' , which earned her Grammy nominations for both Record of the Year , and Song of the Year . The song also earned her an ASCAP Pop Music Award and Billboard Music Awards for both Top Hot 100 Song and Top Digital Song . Trainor 's follow-up single , `` Lips Are Movin '' , earned her a nomination for Choice Break-Up song at the Teen Choice Awards . She was recognized by the Music Business Association as the Breakthrough Artist of the Year . Trainor released her major-label debut album Title the following year . It won Favorite Album at the 42nd People 's Choice Awards . In 2016 , Trainor won the Grammy Award for Best New Artist and received a nomination for Brit Award for International Female Solo Artist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb15bcc714c715eae349eaf85f89ea1a", "text": "Whitney Houston discography The discography of American singer Whitney Houston ( 1963 -- 2012 ) consists of seven studio albums , six compilations , two soundtrack albums , five box sets , six extended plays , and fifty-seven singles . In 1985 , Houston released her self-titled debut album . It spent fourteen weeks at number one on the Billboard 200 and was certified thirteen times platinum ( Diamond ) by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , with global sales of 25 million copies . The album produced four US top 5 singles , including three Billboard Hot 100 number-ones . In 1987 , Houston released her second album Whitney . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and was supported by four US number-one singles : `` I Wan na Dance with Somebody ( Who Loves Me ) '' , `` Did n't We Almost Have It All '' , `` So Emotional '' , and `` Where Do Broken Hearts Go '' , which established an unprecedented seven consecutive number one hits by a performer . Whitney was certified 9 × Platinum by the RIAA and topped the charts in numerous countries , having sold in excess of 20 million copies worldwide . Houston 's third studio album , I 'm Your Baby Tonight ( 1990 ) , peaked at number three on the Billboard 200 chart and yielded two number-one singles ; `` I 'm Your Baby Tonight '' and `` All the Man That I Need '' , selling 10 million units worldwide . In February 1991 , Houston released `` The Star Spangled Banner '' performance from Super Bowl XXV as a single , becoming the highest-charting rendition of the national anthem on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . The Bodyguard soundtrack from her film debut , was released in November 1992 . The album contains tracks by other recording artists but is considered a Houston album by Billboard . It topped the Billboard 200 for twenty non-consecutive weeks , one of the longest tenures by an album in the Nielsen SoundScan era . The album was certified 17 × Platinum the United States and sold over 45 million copies worldwide , becoming the best-selling soundtrack album and one of the top 5 best-selling albums of all time . The lead single from the soundtrack , `` I Will Always Love You '' , topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart for a then-record-breaking fourteen weeks and was certified 6 × Platinum by the RIAA , peaked at number one on the charts in nearly every country and sold 12 million copies worldwide , becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time . Houston contributed three songs , including her eleventh number-one single `` Exhale ( Shoop Shoop ) '' on the 7x platinum soundtrack album , Waiting to Exhale ( November 1995 ) . The following year she released The Preacher 's Wife in November 1996 . The soundtrack was certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA and became the biggest selling gospel album of all time . In 1998 , she released her first studio album in eight years , My Love Is Your Love . The album failed to match the commercial status of her previous albums , peaking at number thirteen , her lowest chart position on the Billboard 200 among her studio albums . Despite initial weak sales , the album went on to achieve multi-platinum status with 11 million units sold worldwide , being certified 4 × Platinum in the United States . From late 1998 to early 2000 , the album generated five singles ; `` When You Believe '' ( duet with Mariah Carey ) , `` Heartbreak Hotel '' , `` It 's Not Right but It 's Okay '' , `` My Love Is Your Love '' , and `` I Learned from the Best '' . Houston entered the 2000s with her first greatest hits compilation , Whitney : The Greatest Hits , released in May 2000 . The double-disc was certified 3 × Platinum by the RIAA in 2002 and earned 5 × Platinum award posthumously , recognizing 2.6 million in sales throughout the United States . The album hit the top position on the UK Albums Chart and sold over 1.66 million copies in the UK alone . Also , it reached the top ten in many worldwide markets , selling 10 million copies globally . Just Whitney , released in December 2002 , became her first album after renewing her contract with Arista for a record $ 100 million in 2001 . The album failed to earn multi-platinum status , receiving only Platinum award in the US , and became her lowest-selling studio album to date . She released a holiday album , One Wish : The Holiday Album in November 2003 . In September 2009 , Houston returned to the top position of the Billboard 200 with I Look to You , becoming her fourth number-one album on the chart ; which was her first non-soundtrack number-one in 22 years , since 1987 's Whitney . It also topped the album charts of several European countries and was certified Platinum by the RIAA . Her albums Whitney Houston , Whitney , The Bodyguard and Whitney : The Greatest Hits are among the top 100 certified albums according to the RIAA . According to the RIAA , Houston is the top-selling R&B female artist of the 20th century , and the fourth best-selling female artist in the United States , with shipments of 57 million albums . In addition , until the launch of the RIAA 's digital certification program in 2004 , she had sold 16.5 million physical singles more than any other female solo artist in history . According to the Official UK Charts Company in October 2012 , Houston is at number four in the top 10 biggest selling female singles artists of all-time list with a sales total of 8.5 million singles . Whitney Houston is one of pop music 's best-selling music artists of all-time , with an estimated 170 -- 200 million records sold worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2be5dae23998b709b0f987bf0c7b27a2", "text": "Lo Nuestro Award for Tropical New Artist of the Year The Lo Nuestro Award for Tropical/Salsa New Artist of the Year is an honor presented annually by American network Univision . It was first awarded in 1989 and has been given annually since to recognize the most talented performers of Latin music . The nominees and winners were originally selected by a voting poll conducted among program directors of Spanish-language radio stations in the United States and also based on chart performance on Billboard Latin music charts , with the results being tabulated and certified by the accounting firm Deloitte . At the present time , the winners are selected by the audience through an online survey . The trophy awarded is shaped in the form of a treble clef . The award was first presented to Nicaraguan singer Luis Enrique . Puerto-Rican American performer Olga Tañón was a nominee in 1993 and eventually became the most awarded performer in Lo Nuestro Awards history , with 22 accolades . American singer Marc Anthony won the following year and also received the Grammy Award for Best Tropical Latin Performance for the album Contra la Corriente in 1998 . Puerto-Rican American artist Elvis Crespo earned the award in 1999 , the same year that his songs `` Suavemente '' and `` Tu Sonrisa '' peaked at number-one at the Billboard Latin Songs chart . At the 12th Lo Nuestro Awards , Son by Four was named Tropical New Artist of the Year aided by the massive success of their single `` A Puro Dolor '' , which later ranked 1st at the Hot Latin Songs 25th Anniversary chart . Colombian singer-songwriter Fonseca won in 2007 and also earned the Latin Grammy Award for Best Tropical Song . In 2013 , the Pop , Regional Mexican and Tropical/Salsa New Artist of the Year categories were merged on a Lo Nuestro Award for Best New Artist category in the General Field ; however , the following year , the Lo Nuestro Award for Tropical New Artist of the Year was reincorporated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5aadd183c1015b02bbffa242a48c087", "text": "Born to Die Born to Die is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey . Her major label debut , it was released on January 27 , 2012 by Interscope Records , Polydor Records and Stranger Records . Del Rey collaborated with producers including Patrik Berger , Jeff Bhasker , Chris Braide , Emile Haynie , Justin Parker , Rick Nowels , Robopop and Al Shux to achieve her desired sound . Their efforts resulted in a primarily baroque pop record , which sees additional influences from alternative hip hop , indie pop and trip hop music . Contemporary music critics gave Born to Die mixed reviews ; some commended its distinctive production , while its repetitiveness and melodramatic tendencies were a recurring complaint . The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 77,000 copies ; it was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) after moving one million units . Born to Die reached the peak positions on eleven international record charts . After attaining online success after its initial premiere on June 29 , 2011 , `` Video Games '' was released as the lead single from Born to Die on October 17 , 2011 ; it peaked at number ninety-one on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Its follow-up singles `` Born to Die '' , `` Off to the Races '' , `` Blue Jeans '' , `` Summertime Sadness '' , `` National Anthem '' , and `` Dark Paradise '' performed sporadically across Billboard component charts and international record charts . The Cedric Gervais remix of `` Summertime Sadness '' was released on July 11 , 2013 and became Del Rey 's highest-charting single in the United States , reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . Del Rey additionally promoted Born to Die with several televised performances , including a widely criticized appearance on Saturday Night Live . It was reissued on November 9 , 2012 as an expanded version subtitled The Paradise Edition , which was packaged with her third extended play Paradise ( 2012 ) . Born to Die has sold 7,000,000 copies worldwide as of June 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c21baa4f88adfc74d903857a22db551e", "text": "Hurt (Christina Aguilera song) `` Hurt '' is the second single from American singer Christina Aguilera 's fifth studio album , Back to Basics . It was serviced to US contemporary hit radio stations on September 19 , 2006 and was released for purchase in November . Written by Aguilera , Linda Perry , and Mark Ronson , and produced by Perry , the song describes how the protagonist deals with the loss of a loved one and was inspired by the death of Perry 's father . `` Hurt '' received mixed to positive reviews from music critics , who praised her vocals but were ambivalent towards its production . The song peaked at number 19 on the Billboard Hot 100 and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . According to Nielsen SoundScan , the single has sold over 1.1 million copies in the United States . It was a top-ten hit in Europe and Oceania , entering the top ten of record charts in countries including Austria , Belgium , France , and Germany . A music video the song was directed by Floria Sigismondi and co-directed by Aguilera . It depicts Aguilera as a 1940s circus star who suffers from her father 's death . It won two MVPA Awards for Best Video and Best Direction of a Female Artist in 2007 , and was nominated for a Juno Award for Video of the Year . Aguilera has performed the song live on a number of occasions , including at the 2006 MTV Video Music Awards and on Saturday Night Live . The track was included on the setlist of Aguilera 's Back to Basics Tour in 2006 and 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe46d777a4bd754fd14179480b5f5a49", "text": "Sad Britney Sad Britney is the third EP from American singer-songwriter Christopher Dallman . It was released on November 9 , 2009 by Beauteous Bird Records . After hearing Dallman 's cover of Britney Spears 's `` Gim me More '' , producer Rachel Alina suggested releasing an EP of Spears 's songs to bring attention to his music . The EP also included covers of `` Radar '' , `` Toxic '' and '' ... Baby One More Time '' . All the songs were recorded during the first day of the recording of his second EP , Never Was . The EP became Dallman 's first record to chart on iTunes . His music video for `` Gim me More '' received attention from Spears 's fans who misenterpreted his message and thought he was parodying her , which he denied .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e74c2580865f6963b9fcd270ac8d6de7", "text": "Diva – The Hits Diva -- The Hits ( Hebrew : דיווה - האוסף , Diva - HaOsef lit . `` Diva - The Collection '' ) is a greatest hits album by Israeli singer Dana International , released on the IMP Dance label in 1998 with the catalogue number IMP 2048 . The compilation includes Dana International 's winning entry of the Eurovision Song Contest 1998 in Birmingham , `` Diva '' , along with some of her best-known songs and a few new recordings and remixes . This compilation album was released in Israel only .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2d8a5f3e6e0d4ebe6969c0dd151c765", "text": "Carrie Underwood discography American singer and songwriter Carrie Underwood has released five studio albums and 29 singles . Underwood rose to fame after winning the fourth season of American Idol in 2005 . Her debut album , Some Hearts , was released in 2005 and is the fastest-selling debut country album in Nielsen SoundScan history . It also became the best-selling solo female country debut in Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) history , as well as the top-selling debut album of any American Idol contestant in the United States . Her second album , Carnival Ride , was released in 2007 and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 charts . During the first week , it sold 527,000 copies , which at the time was the best sales week by a female solo country artist since Shania Twain 's Greatest Hits sold 530,000 copies in its first week back in 2004 . The album has since been certified 4x Platinum . Underwood released her third studio album , Play On , on November 3 , 2009 . It debuted at number one on the Top Country Albums chart and the all-genre Billboard 200 . It features the number one singles `` Cowboy Casanova '' , `` Temporary Home '' , and `` Undo It '' , as well as the number two single , `` Mama 's Song '' . The album has since been certified 3x Platinum in the US , Platinum in Canada , and Gold in Australia . On June 2011 , the album re-entered the Australian Albums Charts for both the ARIA National Top 50 and the Country Top 20 albums at number 14 and number one , respectively , giving Underwood her first number one album in Australia . The album was eventually certified Gold in Australia . On May 1 , 2012 , Underwood released her fourth album , Blown Away . In the United States , it sold 267,000 albums in its first week and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and the Top Country Albums charts . It debuted at number one in Canada 's Top 200 all-genre albums chart and Top 100 Country albums chart , being immediately certified Gold . The album also debuted at number one on Australia 's Top 20 Country Albums and number four on the all-genre Top 50 Albums . The album has been certified 2x Platinum in the United States and Canada . On December 9 , 2014 , Underwood released her first greatest hits album , Greatest Hits : Decade # 1 . The compilation debuted at number four on the Billboard 200 and at number one on the Top Country Albums charts , and set several records upon release , including having the biggest sales debut for a hits collection in any genre of music in more than six years and the biggest first-week sales for a female hits album in any genre in over nine years . The album was certified Platinum by the RIAA on January 16 , 2015 . Underwood 's fifth studio album , Storyteller was released on October 23 , 2015 . The album debuted at number 2 on the Billboard 200 . This made Underwood the only country artist to have his or her first five studio albums debut at number one or number two on the Billboard 200 chart . It also debuted atop the Top Country Albums chart , earning Underwood another record as the only artist to score six consecutive number one albums on that chart . The album was certified Platinum by the RIAA on October 24 , 2016 . Underwood has sold in excess of 65 million records globally . In the United States , she has sold 16.3 million albums and over 34.8 million digital singles , making her the best-selling American Idol contestant of all-time . She is the top country artist and the fifth highest-certified female artist on the RIAA Top Artists ( Digital Singles ) Ranking . She is also the fourth biggest album seller among artists who have debuted the past 13 years . Underwood has accumulated 85 Billboard number-ones . She has had 15 singles top the Billboard Country Airplay , and 14 singles top the Hot Country Songs , respectively . Notably , Underwood garnered twenty-six consecutive top 10 singles on the Hot Country Songs chart , the longest streak of top ten singles for a country artist .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "83fd7eed01e716fd02b6f8d91afe7c64", "text": "Socrates Socrates ( -LSB- ˈsɒkrətiːz -RSB- Σωκράτης -LSB- - grcsɔːkrátɛːs -RSB- , Sōkrátēs ; 470/469 -- 399 BC ) was a classical Greek ( Athenian ) philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy . He is an enigmatic figure known chiefly through the accounts of classical writers , especially the writings of his students Plato and Xenophon and the plays of his contemporary Aristophanes . Plato 's dialogues are among the most comprehensive accounts of Socrates to survive from antiquity , though it is unclear the degree to which Socrates himself is `` hidden behind his ` best disciple ' , Plato '' . Through his portrayal in Plato 's dialogues , Socrates has become renowned for his contribution to the field of ethics , and it is this Platonic Socrates who lends his name to the concepts of Socratic irony and the Socratic method , or elenchus . The latter remains a commonly used tool in a wide range of discussions , and is a type of pedagogy in which a series of questions is asked not only to draw individual answers , but also to encourage fundamental insight into the issue at hand . Plato 's Socrates also made important and lasting contributions to the field of epistemology , and his ideologies and approach have proven a strong foundation for much Western philosophy that has followed .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "df1bdc0b4ed4f4ffda254a3873962dc9", "text": "Socrates of Constantinople Socrates of Constantinople ( Σωκράτης ὁ Σχολαστικός , b. c. 380 ; d. after 439 ) , also known as Socrates Scholasticus , was a 5th-century Christian church historian , a contemporary of Sozomen and Theodoret . He is the author of a Historia Ecclesiastica ( `` Church History '' , Ἐκκλησιαστική Ἱστορία ) which covers the history of late ancient Christianity during the years 305 -- 439 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ed977c1af178b8c3c331b62f727ad85", "text": "Lycurgus of Athens Lycurgus ( -LSB- laɪˈkɜrgəs -RSB- Greek : Λυκοῦργος Lykourgos ; c. 390 -- 324 BC ) was a logographer in Ancient Greece . He was one of the ten Attic orators included in the `` Alexandrian Canon '' compiled by Aristophanes of Byzantium and Aristarchus of Samothrace in the third century BC . Lycurgus was born at Athens about 390 BC , and was the son of Lycophron , who belonged to the noble family of the Eteobutadae . He should not be confused with the quasi-mythological Spartan lawgiver of the same name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bd2d1c706ba405d90f1eb75e6186902", "text": "Assos Assos ( -LSB- ˈæsɒs -RSB- Ἄσσος ) , also known as Behramkale or for short Behram , is a small historically rich town in the Ayvacık district of the Çanakkale Province , Turkey . After leaving the Platonic Academy in Athens , Aristotle ( joined by Xenocrates ) went to Assos , where he was welcomed by King Hermias , and opened an Academy in this city . Aristotle also married Pythias , the adopted daughter of Hermias . In the Academy of Assos , Aristotle became a chief to a group of philosophers , and together with them , he made innovative observations on zoology and biology . When the Persians attacked Assos , King Hermias was caught and put to death . Aristotle fled to Macedonia , which was ruled by his friend King Philip II of Macedon . There , he tutored Philip 's son , Alexander the Great . There is a modern statue of Aristotle at the town entrance . The Acts of the Apostles refers to visits by Luke the Evangelist and Paul the Apostle to Assos . Today , Assos is an Aegean-coast seaside retreat amid ancient ruins .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b680ee460177234ab257e0c7f0eac546", "text": "Sage (philosophy) A sage ( σοφός , sophos ) , in classical philosophy , is someone who has attained the wisdom which a philosopher seeks . The first to make this distinction is Plato , through the character of Socrates , within the Symposium . While analyzing the concept of love , Socrates concludes Love is that which lacks the object it seeks . Therefore , the philosopher ( φιλόσοφος , meaning lover of wisdom ) does not have the wisdom sought , while the sage , on the other hand , does not love or seek wisdom , for it is already possessed . Socrates then examines the two categories of persons who do not partake in philosophy : Gods and sages , because they are wise ; Senseless people , because they think they are wise . The position of the philosopher is between these two groups . The philosopher is not wise , but possesses the self-awareness of lacking wisdom , and thus pursues it . Alternatively , the sage is one who lives `` according to an ideal which transcends the everyday . '' Plato is also the first to develop this notion of the sage in various works . Within The Republic , Plato indicates that when a friend of a sage dies , the sage `` will not think that for a good man ... death is a terrible thing . '' In the Theaetetus , Plato defines the sage as one who becomes `` righteous and holy and wise . '' , and is thus God-like in his nature . The term has also been used interchangeably with a ` good person ' ( ἀγαθός , agathos ) , and a ` virtuous person ' ( σπουδαίος , spoudaios ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56a61d2273f6e7a6651a7a032d57daf8", "text": "Lydians The Lydians were an Anatolian people living in Lydia , a region in western Anatolia , who spoke the distinctive Lydian language , an Indo-European language of the Anatolian group . Questions raised regarding their origins , as defined by the language and reaching well into the 2nd millennium BC , continue to be debated by language historians and archeologists . A distinct Lydian culture lasted , in all probability , until at least shortly before the Common Era , having been attested the last time among extant records by Strabo in Kibyra in south-west Anatolia around his time ( 1st century BC ) . The Lydian capital was at Sfard or Sardis . Their recorded history of statehood , which covers three dynasties traceable to the Late Bronze Age , reached the height of its power and achievements during the 7th and 6th centuries BC , a time which coincided with the demise of the power of neighboring Phrygia which lay to the north-east of Lydia . Lydian power came to an abrupt end with the fall of their capital in events subsequent to the Battle of Halys in 585 BC and defeat by Cyrus the Great in 546 BC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "97cb027df7fb700792da3812be40d584", "text": "List of ancient Western doctors This is an alphabetical list of writers from Ancient Greece and Rome who were doctors , or have left us material that contributes to our knowledge of ancient medicine . In some cases their names look familiar but are not the same as their famous homonyms ( thus earning them an epithet ) . Aulus Cornelius Celsus ( 1st century AD ) Adamantius Judaeus ( 4th century ) Aegimus Aëtius Amidenus ( 6th century ) Agathinus ( 1st century AD ) Aglaïs Poet . ( physician ) ( 1st century AD ) Aias/Abas ( 5th-4th century BC ) Alexander Trallianus ( 6th century AD ) Andromachus ( physician ) ( 1st century AD ) Antipater ( 1st-century BC physician ) ( 1st century BC ) Antipater ( 2nd-century physician ) ( 2nd century AD ) Antiphanes of Delos ( in or before 2nd century AD ) Antonius Castor ( 2nd century AD ) Apollonius of Citium ( 1st century BC ) Apollonius ( physician ) ( 3rd century BC ) Archigenes ( 2nd century AD ) Aretaeus ( 2nd century AD ) Aristotle ( 4th century BC ) Asclepiades Pharmacion ( 1st-2nd century AD ) Asclepiades of Bithynia ( 2nd-1st century BC ) Athenaeus of Cilicia ( 1st century BC ) Aulus Gellius ( 2nd century AD ) Bolus of Mendes ( 3rd century BC ) Caelius Aurelianus ( 5th century ) Cassius Felix ( 3rd century ) Charixenus ( 2nd century AD ) Crateuas ( physician ) ( 2nd century BC ) Criton of Heraclea ( 1st-2nd century AD ) Ctesias ( 5th century BC ) Damocrates ( 1st century AD ) Demetrius of Apamea Dexippus of Cos Dieuches Diocles of Carystus Dioscorides ( 1st century AD ) Erasistratus ( 3rd century BC ) Erotianus ( 1st century AD ) Eudemus ( physician ) Euthydemus ( physician ) Fronto Galen ( 2nd century AD ) Gargilius Martialis ( 3rd century ) Harpocratio ( 1st-2nd century AD ) Heliodorus ( 1st-2nd century AD ) Heraclas Heraclides of Tarentum ( 1st century BC ) Herodotus ( physician ) ( 1st century AD ) Herophilus ( 3rd century BC ) Hicesius ( physician ) ( 1st century BC ) Hippocrates ( Hippocratic Corpus ) ( 5th century BC ) Joannes Actuarius L. Annaeus Seneca Leonidas ( physician ) ( 1st-2nd century AD ) M. Porcius Cato Marcellinus ( physician ) ( 2nd century ? AD ) Marcellus of Side ( 2nd century AD ) Meges of Sidon ( 1st century AD ) Meletius Menemachus ( 1st century AD ) Mnesitheus of Athens ( 3rd century BC ) Mnesitheus of Cyzicus Nepualius ( Neptunalius , Neptunianus ) Niger , Sextius Oribasius ( 4th century ) Ovid ( 1st century AD ) Palladius ( physician ) Paulus Aegineta ( 7th century ) Phasias of Tenedos Philagrius of Epirus ( 3rd-4th century ) Philinus of Cos ( 3rd century BC ) Philistion of Locri ( 5th-4th century BC ) Philo Tarsensis Philotimus Philoxenus ( physician ) ( 3rd century BC ) Philumenus ( 3rd century AD ) Phylotimus Pliny the Elder ( 1st century AD ) Plistonicus Plutarch ( 2nd century AD ) Posidonius ( 3rd-4th century ) Praxagoras of Cos ( 4th century BC ) Serenus Sammonicus Rufus of Ephesus ( 2nd century AD ) Scribonius Largus ( 1st century AD ) Serapion ( 3rd century BC ) Severus ( physician ) ( 4th century AD ) Sextus Empiricus Soranus of Ephesus ( 2nd century AD ) Stephanus Med . ( 7th century ) Stephanus , Phil ( 7th century ) Themison of Laodicea ( 1st century BC ) Theon Gymnasiarcha Theophilus Protospatharius Theophrastus Thessalus of Tralles ( 1st century AD ) Thrasymachus of Sardis Timotheus of Metapontion Xenocrates of Aphrodisias ( 1st century AD ) Zopyrus ( physician ) ( 1st century AD ) * Doctors , ancient * * Western", "title": "" }, { "docid": "390b0fdf8ce66795cf69fa484813ed56", "text": "Cecrops I Cecrops -LSB- ˈsiːˌkrɒps -RSB- ( Κέκροψ , Kékrops ; gen. : Κέκροπος ) was a mythical king of Athens who , according to Eusebius reigned for fifty years . The name is not of Greek origin according to Strabo , or it might mean ` face with a tail ' : it is said that , born from the earth itself , he had his top half shaped like a man and the bottom half in serpent or fish-tail form . He was the founder and the first king of Athens itself , though preceded in the region by the earth-born king Actaeus of Attica . Cecrops was a culture hero , teaching the Athenians marriage , reading and writing , and ceremonial burial .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "03e890122c7db5350ecf0ec9dbd44e0a", "text": "Phaedrus (Athenian) Phaedrus ( -LSB- ˈfiːdrəs , _ ˈfɛdrəs -RSB- ) , son of Pythocles , of the Myrrhinus deme ( Greek : Φαῖδρος Πυθοκλέους Μυρρινούσιος , Phaĩdros Puthocléous Murrinoúsios ; c. 444 -- 393 BCE ) , was an ancient Athenian aristocrat associated with the inner-circle of the philosopher Socrates . He was indicted in the profanation of the Eleusinian mysteries in 415 during the Peloponnesian War , causing him to flee Athens . He is best remembered for his depiction in the dialogues of Plato . His philosophically erotic role in his eponymous dialogue and the Symposium inspired later authors , from the ancient comedic playwright Alexis to contemporary philosophers like Robert M. Pirsig and Martha Nussbaum .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddc978199e632cbf0cfaf6308bcb7660", "text": "Lysicles (5th century BC) Lysicles ( Λυσικλῆς Lysikles ; died 428 BC ) was an Athenian general and leader of the democratic faction in the city . He lived during the fifth century BC and possibly was a friend of Pericles . According to Aeschines Socraticus , Lysicles lived with Aspasia after Pericles 's death and had a son with her . Aeschines Socraticus is said to have credited Aspasia with all of Lysicles 's political success . During the Peloponnesian War Lysicles was one of the `` hawks '' ; he was convinced that the war against Sparta , which could not conceal its envy of Athens ' pre-eminence , was inevitable if not to be welcomed . Aristophanes taunts him and calls him a `` dealer in sheep '' . Lysicles was killed in action in 428 BC . The Athenians now sent out twelve ships to levy subsidies from their allies , with Lysicles and four others in command . After cruising to different places and laying them under contribution , Lysicles went up the country across the plain of Meander , in Caria . Being attacked by the Carians , he was slain with many of his soldiers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f3921953b5f7a43ad34bdf0c2e5e05b", "text": "Crates Crates is a Greek given name , pronounced as two syllables . It may refer to : Crates ( comic poet ) ( probably fl . late 450s or very early 440s BC ) , Old Comedy poet and actor from Athens Crates ( engineer ) , 4th century BC engineer who accompanied Alexander the Great Crates of Thebes ( c. 365-c . 285 BC ) , Hellenistic Cynic philosopher Crates of Athens ( died 268-264 BC ) , Polemon 's successor as head of the Platonic Academy Crates of Mallus , 2nd century BC Greek grammarian and Stoic philosopher Crates of Tralles , a rhetorician", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d32f17b4c025844932a58ae135f8ab54", "text": "Antiquity Antiquity may refer to any period before the Middle Ages ( 476 -- 1453 ) , but still within Western civilization-based human history or prehistory : Ancient history , any historical period before the Middle Ages Classical antiquity , the classical civilizations of the Mediterranean Late Antiquity , the period between classical antiquity and the Middle Ages Ancient Egypt , a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa , concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt Ancient China Ancient Somalia , ancient pyramidal structures , mausoleums , ruined cities and stone walls found in Somalia ( such as the Wargaade Wall ) are evidence of an old sophisticated civilization that once thrived in the Somali peninsula Ancient Greece , a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history that lasted from the Archaic period of the 8th to 6th centuries BC to the end of antiquity ( c. 600 AD ) Ancient India Ancient Iran Ancient Israel and Judah Ancient Japan Ancient Near East , the home of early civilizations within roughly the modern Middle East North Africa during Antiquity , the history of Egypt , Ancient Libya , Numidia and Mauretania Poland in Antiquity , an era that dates from about 400 BC to 450 -- 500 AD Romania in Antiquity , between the foundation of Greek colonies in present-day Dobruja and the withdrawal of the Romans from `` Dacia Trajana '' province Ancient Rome Ancient languages Ancient music , music that developed in literate cultures , replacing prehistoric music Antiquities , objects or artifacts surviving from ancient cultures", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad544b0ec3de63393482a8d503014c49", "text": "Spartan hegemony The polis of Sparta was the greatest military land power of classical Greek antiquity . During the classical period , Sparta governed , dominated or influenced the entire Peloponnese . Additionally , the defeat of the Athenians and the Delian League in the Peloponnesian War in 431-404 BC resulted in a short-lived Spartan dominance of the Greek world from 404 to 371 BC . Due to their mistrust of others , Spartans discouraged the creation of records about their internal affairs . The only histories of Sparta are from the writings of Xenophon , Thucydides , Herodotus and Plutarch , none of whom were Spartans . Plutarch was writing several centuries after the period of Spartan hegemony had ceased . This creates difficulties in understanding the Spartan political system , which was distinctly different from any other Greek polis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b79db489ccf50868808f6fab6b90d829", "text": "Bessus For the Christian saint , see Saint Bessus . Bessus , also known as Artaxerxes V ( died summer 329 BC ) , was a prominent Persian Satrap of Bactria in Persia , and later self-proclaimed King of Kings of Persia . According to classical sources , he killed his predecessor and relative , Darius III , after the Persian army had been defeated by Alexander the Great . He was executed by Alexander in 329 BC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af2873bea9ec48c7fb4f5119cd86a6a6", "text": "Sophist (dialogue) The Sophist ( Σοφιστής Sophista ) is a Platonic dialogue from the philosopher 's late period , most likely written in 360 BC . Its main theme is to identify what a sophist is and how a sophist differs from a philosopher and statesman . Because each seems distinguished by a particular form of knowledge , the dialogue continues some of the lines of inquiry pursued in the epistemological dialogue , Theaetetus , which is said to have taken place the day before . Because the Sophist treats these matters , it is often taken to shed light on Plato 's Theory of Forms and is compared with the Parmenides , which criticized what is often taken to be the theory of forms . The dialogue is unusual in being one of three that do not feature Socrates , although as in its sequel , the Statesman , he is present to play a minor role ( the other dialogue is the Laws ) . Instead , the Eleatic Stranger takes the lead in the discussion . The fact that Socrates is present but silent makes it difficult to attribute the views put forward by the Eleatic Stranger to Plato , beyond the difficulty inherent in taking any character to be an author 's `` mouthpiece . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "75e788678828fbd43074ff880483976d", "text": "Socrates in Love is a 2001 Japanese 206-page melodrama novel , written by Kyoichi Katayama and published by Shogakukan , which revolves around narrator Sakutaro Matsumoto 's recollections of a school classmate whom he once loved . It 's also known as Crying Out Love , In the Center of the World ( 世界の中心で 、 愛をさけぶ , Sekai no Chūshin de , Ai o Sakebu ) , which author Katayama used after his editors advised that his original novel title Socrates in Love would n't work .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "03088ef7e5af4463cc89bcbd2b3b21f9", "text": "Hippias Hippias of Elis ( -LSB- ˈhɪpiəs -RSB- Ἱππίας ὁ Ἠλεῖος late 5th century BC ) was a Greek sophist , and a contemporary of Socrates . With an assurance characteristic of the later sophists , he claimed to be regarded as an authority on all subjects , and lectured on poetry , grammar , history , politics , mathematics , and much else . Most of our knowledge of him is derived from Plato , who characterizes him as vain and arrogant .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "104ba473e0c5fe6f212ef5d4aa395cdf", "text": "Cretan literature Medieval works suggest that Modern Greek started shaping as early as the 10th century , with one of the first works being the epic poem of Digenis Acritas . However , the first literary activity which was important enough to be identified as `` modern Greek literature '' was done in the Cretan dialect during the 16th century in the Venetian Crete . The Cretan Renaissance poem Erotokritos is undoubtedly the masterpiece of the Cretan literature , and a supreme achievement of modern Greek literature . It is a romantic work written around 1600 by Vitsentzos Kornaros ( 1553-1613 ) . In over 10,000 lines of rhyming fifteen-syllable couplets , the poet relates the trials and tribulations suffered by two young lovers , Erotokritos and Aretousa , daughter of Heracles , King of Athens . It was a tale that enjoyed enormous popularity among its Greek readership . The other major representative of the Cretan literature was Georgios Chortatzis and his most notable work was Erofili , which was characterized by Kostis Palamas as the first work of the modern Greek theatre . Other plays include The Sacrifice of Abraham by Kornaros , Panoria and Katsourbos by Chortatzis , Fortounatos by Markos Antonios Foskolos , King Rodolinos by Andreas Troilos , Stathis ( comedy ) and Voskopoula by unknown artists . During this period , there was production of different theatrical genres , such as tragedies , comedies , pastoral and religious plays . The flourishing Cretan school was all but terminated by the Ottoman capture of the island in the late 17th century . Many Greek authors have integrated Cretan literary elements in their respective works . Among these authors were Nikos Kazantzakis who was known for his literary contributions mainly written in standard Greek . This paradigm , overall , has helped Kazantzakis to write significant works such as Zorba the Greek and thus establish for himself recognition in various international circles . His Captain Michalis -- set in 19th-century Crete -- is notable for using many Cretan Greek words and idioms , the book 's popularity making them widely known to other Greeks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2af41bf32fb5266351317c980cdb2d80", "text": "Alexander of Acarnania Alexander of Acarnania was once a friend of Philip V of Macedon but abandoned him , and insinuated himself so much into the favor of Antiochus III the Great , that he was admitted to his most secret deliberations . He advised the king to invade Greece , holding out him the most brilliant prospects of victory over the Romans . Antiochus followed his advice . Alexander was greatly injured in the Battle of Cynoscephalae ( 194 BC ) in which Antiochus was defeated by the Romans , and in this state he carried the news of the defeat to his kin , who was staying at Thronium , on the Maliac Gulf . When the king , on his retreat from Greece , had reached Cenaeum in Euboea , Alexander died and was buried there , in 191 BC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e4c9a63f609d2f65add5e22de20b29e", "text": "Dialectic Dialectic or dialectics ( διαλεκτική , dialektikḗ ) , also known as the dialectical method , is a discourse between two or more people holding different points of view about a subject but wishing to establish the truth through reasoned arguments . The term dialectic is not synonymous with the term debate . While in theory debaters are not necessarily emotionally invested in their point of view , in practice debaters frequently display an emotional commitment that may cloud rational judgment . Debates are won through a combination of persuading the opponent , proving one 's argument correct , and proving the opponent 's argument incorrect . Debates do not necessarily require promptly identifying a clear winner or loser ; however , clear winners are frequently determined by a judge , a jury or group consensus . The term dialectics is also not synonymous with the term rhetoric , a method or art of discourse that seeks to persuade , inform , or motivate an audience . Concepts , like `` logos '' or rational appeal , `` pathos '' or emotional appeal , and `` ethos '' or ethical appeal , are intentionally used by rhetoricians to persuade an audience . Socrates favoured truth as the highest value , proposing that it could be discovered through reason and logic in discussion : ergo , dialectic . Socrates valued rationality ( appealing to logic , not emotion ) as the proper means for persuasion , the discovery of truth , and the determinant for one 's actions . To Socrates , truth , not aretē ( moral virtue ) , was the greater good , and each person should , above all else , seek truth to guide one 's life . Therefore , Socrates opposed the Sophists and their teaching of rhetoric as art and as emotional oratory requiring neither logic nor proof . Different forms of dialectical reasoning have emerged throughout history from the Indosphere ( Greater India ) and the West ( Europe ) . These forms include the Socratic method , Hindu , Buddhist , Medieval , Hegelian dialectics , Marxist , Talmudic , and Neo-orthodoxy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "910ce9aafcdf22fb5c4c6ace8775b78f", "text": "Phocion Phocion ( -LSB- ˈfoʊʃiən , _ - ˌɒn -RSB- Φωκίων #Ancient Greek Phokion ; c. 402 -- c. 318 BC ; nicknamed The Good ) was an Athenian statesman and strategos , and the subject of one of Plutarch 's Parallel Lives . Phocion was a successful politician of Athens . He believed that extreme frugality was the condition for virtue and lived in accord with this ; consequently , he was popularly known as `` The Good . '' Further , people thought that Phocion was the most honest member of the Athenian Assembly . However , within this chamber , Phocion 's tendency to strong opposition relegated him to a solitary stand against the entire political class . Nonetheless , by both his individual prestige and his military expertise , which was acquired by the side of Chabrias , Phocion was elected strategos numerous times , with a record 45 terms in office . Thus , during most of his 84 years of life , Phocion occupied the most important Athenian offices . In the late 320s , when Macedon gained complete control of Athens ( under Antipater ) , though somewhat compromised Phocion defended both the urban center and its citizens . He even refused to comply with some dishonorable requests of the enemy . However , his stance put Phocion in opposition to both most free Athenians and Polyperchon , the next ruler of Macedonia , who arranged his execution in Athens .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "6a13001469282f4f804f7af27c4cae3b", "text": "Emily Blunt Emily Olivia Leah Blunt ( born 23 February 1983 ) is a British film and stage actress . Blunt made her professional debut in a 2001 London production of the play The Royal Family . Two years later , she appeared on screen for the first time in the 2003 television film Boudica ( Warrior Queen ) . Her performance in the 2004 drama film My Summer of Love garnered her the Evening Standard British Film Award for Most Promising Newcomer . For her performance in the TV film Gideon 's Daughter ( 2006 ) she received a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress . The same year , she received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Supporting Actress -- Motion Picture and a nomination for a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for The Devil Wears Prada . In 2009 , Blunt received the BAFTA Britannia Award for British Artist of the Year . She received more acclaim for portraying Queen Victoria in The Young Victoria ( 2009 ) , receiving a nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture -- Drama . 2009 also saw Blunt appear in the crime caper comedy Wild Target with Bill Nighy and Rupert Grint . She found commercial success for roles in the romantic science-fiction thriller The Adjustment Bureau ( 2011 ) , the science-fiction action thriller Looper ( 2012 ) , and the science-fiction military film Edge of Tomorrow ( 2014 ) . Blunt received her fourth and fifth Golden Globe Award nominations for her roles in the romantic comedy-drama Salmon Fishing in the Yemen ( 2012 ) and the musical fantasy Into the Woods ( 2014 ) in the Best Actress -- Motion Picture Comedy or Musical category . In 2016 , Blunt starred in the fantasy-action film The Huntsman : Winter 's War and The Girl on the Train , the latter based on the international best-selling novel of the same name , and a performance that earned her nominations for the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f3addfe547a43f221cb838a1dbba5435", "text": "Just for Laughs: Gags Just for Laughs : Gags ( in French , Juste pour rire : Gags ) is a Canadian silent comedy/hidden camera reality television show that is under the Just for Laughs brand . It is based on the similar American series Candid Camera . The series is also on YouTube . In December 26 , 2000 , JFL : Gags began airing on French Canadian network Canal D . In the following years , the show was picked up by TVA , CBC and The Comedy Network in Canada , BBC1 in the UK , TF1 in France and ABC and Telemundo in the United States ; the Canadian version ( unlike the ones produced for ABC ) aired in the United States in first-run syndication starting in the fall of 2015 and ended in February 2016 . The series uses a hidden camera format , playing pranks on unsuspecting subjects while hidden cameras capture the subjects ' responses ; each episode presents multiple gags . While some segments have included brief dialogue , most do not contain any sound or dialogue ; the audio is replaced with sound effects , a laugh track , and public domain music . Most segments are filmed in Quebec City , Montreal and Vancouver , while some have been filmed in Mexico . British and Asian versions have been produced in the UK and Singapore , respectively . In 2011 the show spawned a spinoff , Just Kidding , which consists exclusively of kids playing pranks on adults . With its silent format and no translation required , Just for Laughs : Gags has been purchased for use in over 100 countries throughout the world as well as in airports and by airlines . Reactions to the gags range from `` inane '' to cross-culturally funny . The same distributors also distribute Surprise Sur Prise , a similar show . In March 2011 , Just for Laughs Gags entered into a partnership with Montreal-based , entertainment site , Videobash.com and now have their own devoted channel there . ( No video has been posted as of this writing . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52a25b67f9d121f6cbf97c9d501c4c5e", "text": "Emily Short Emily Short is an interactive fiction ( IF ) writer , perhaps best known for her debut game Galatea and her use of psychologically complex NPCs , or non-player game characters . She has been called `` a visionary in the world of text-based games for years '' , and is the author of over thirty-five works of IF in addition to being chief editor of the IF Theory Book . She writes a regular column on IF for Rock , Paper , Shotgun .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9391683807d9a128f0771df6a3314498", "text": "Agent Crush Agent Crush is an unreleased British puppet movie starring Ioan Gruffudd , Brian Cox , Neve Campbell , Roger Moore , Brian Blessed , Rula Lenska and Ruby Wax . It is currently awaiting release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c710a4d740412a4e58c3212cc9cddfa", "text": "Willy Clarkson William Berry `` Willy '' Clarkson ( 1861 - 12 October 1934 ) was a theatrical costume designer and wigmaker . A 1900 article in the theatrical newspaper The Era stated that `` Not to know Willy Clarkson and his doings is to be out of the theatrical world , for Willy Clarkson , with the bright and easy ( though sometimes anxious ) manner is ever hovering `` before and behind . '' Scarcely any big production in London is undertaken without the aid of the owner of the Wellington-street wiggeries . '' Clarkson 's father had been making wigs since 1833 and Willy Clarkson took over his father 's business in 1878 . In an 1898 court case Clarkson was fined for the offence of employing women in a factory on a Sunday . Author James Morton described Clarkson as `` the more notorious of Soho 's blackmailers of the interwar years '' in his 2012 book Gangland Soho . Morton describes a public lavatory in Soho 's Dansey Place as being known locally as Clarkson 's Cottage , and wrote that Clarkson was an accomplished insurance fraudster , with 11 of 12 premises Clarkson occupied having burnt down . Willy Clarkson drafted his will himself and did not leave the residue of his estate to any particular person . This meant that upon his death his estate would have been forfeit to the crown . A solicitor 's clerk , William C. Hobbs , then forged Clarkson 's will in his favour with the help of lawyer Edmond O'Connor . Hobbes was later sentenced to five years in prison for this crime and O'Connor seven . A London County Council blue plaque unveiled in 1966 commemorates Clarkson at 41-43 Wardour Street in Soho . The foundation stone of Clarkson 's Wardour Street premises ( then Wellington Street ) was laid by the actress Sarah Bernhardt and the coping stone by actor Henry Irving . Clarkson 's occupied the building from 1905 to 1940 . On his death in 1934 Clarkson was buried in a modest grave in the Actors ' Acre in Brookwood Cemetery . Harry J. Greenwall published The Strange Life of Willy Clarkson : An Experiment in Biography in 1936 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f2787c688a834bac902fe1795f962bd3", "text": "Mirror box A mirror box is a box with two mirrors in the center ( one facing each way ) , invented by Vilayanur S. Ramachandran to help alleviate phantom limb pain , in which patients feel they still have a limb after having it amputated . The wider use of mirrors in this way is known as mirror therapy . In a mirror box the patient places the good limb into one side , and the residual limb into the other . The patient then looks into the mirror on the side with the good limb and makes `` mirror symmetric '' movements , as a symphony conductor might , or as we do when we clap our hands . Because the subject is seeing the reflected image of the good hand moving , it appears as if the phantom limb is also moving . Through the use of this artificial visual feedback it becomes possible for the patient to `` move '' the phantom limb , and to unclench it from potentially painful positions . Based on the observation that phantom limb patients were much more likely to report paralyzed and painful phantoms if the actual limb had been paralyzed prior to amputation ( for example , due to a brachial plexus avulsion ) , Ramachandran and Rogers-Ramachandran proposed the `` learned paralysis '' hypothesis of painful phantom limbs . Their hypothesis was that every time the patient attempted to move the paralyzed limb , they received sensory feedback ( through vision and proprioception ) that the limb did not move . This feedback stamped itself into the brain circuitry through a process of Hebbian learning , so that , even when the limb was no longer present , the brain had learned that the limb ( and subsequent phantom ) was paralyzed . Ramachandran 's theory was challenged by a 2010 research study conducted by Marian Michielsen of the University Medical Center , Rotterdam . Michielsen carried out research involving 22 stroke victims which suggests that mirror therapy works by enhancing the spatial coupling between limbs . Michielsen stated that `` The hypothesis that the mirror illusion enhances spatial coupling is supported by studies on healthy volunteers , showing that the mirror illusion increased the tendency of one limb to take on the spatial properties of the other limb .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "428ca9087256aa1b89a9aaa01ab384dc", "text": "Talking With... Talking With ... is a 1982 play by Jane Martin , published by Samuel French Incorporated . The play is composed of eleven ten-minute monologues , each featuring a different woman who talks about her life . The play includes the pieces , `` Fifteen Minutes , '' `` Scraps , '' `` Clear Glass Marbles , '' `` Audition , '' `` Rodeo , '' `` Twirler , '' `` Lamps , '' `` Handler , '' `` Dragons , '' `` French Fries , '' and `` Marks . '' It premiered at the Manhattan Theatre Club in New York in 1982 and has been performed around the world . The play deals with the personal ordeals of each of the female characters . Many of them are very touching ; a few are even intensely emotional . However , there is also the very comical . Even the funny ones , however , have an underlying depth to them that gives a sensitive insight into each of the characters involved.The ladies cover a wide spectrum of life and age from the fading rodeo star in `` Rodeo '' to the young aspiring actress in `` Audition '' , there is much tenderness and diversity in the subject matter involved in the play .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "959bd7930ea557bdbe9b33e8eea68a8d", "text": "The Edible Woman The Edible Woman is a 1969 novel that helped to establish Margaret Atwood as a prose writer of major significance . It is the story of a young woman whose sane , structured , consumer-oriented world starts to slip out of focus . Following her engagement , Marian feels her body and her self are becoming separated . As Marian begins endowing food with human qualities that cause her to identify with it , she finds herself unable to eat , repelled by metaphorical cannibalism . In a foreword written in 1979 for the Virago edition of the novel , Atwood described it as a protofeminist rather than feminist work . Atwood explores gender stereotypes through characters who strictly adhere to them ( such as Peter or Lucy ) and those who defy their constraints ( such as Ainsley or Duncan ) . The narrative point of view shifts from first to third person , accentuating Marian 's slow detachment from reality . At the conclusion , first person narration returns , consistent with the character 's willingness to take control of her life again . Food and clothing are major symbols used by the author to explore themes and grant the reader insight on each of the characters ' personalities , moods and motivations . Setting is used to identify differences between the characters ; for example , Duncan is encountered in a mundane laundromat , gloomy theatre or sleazy hotel . In comparison , Peter inhabits genteel bars and a sparkling new apartment . However these changing environments are also used to explore different angles of existence , contrasting a freer , wilder glimpse of life , with a civilised , gilded cage . This highlights the difficulties presented to women in the era , where freedom was synonymous with uncertainty but marriage presented problems of its own . This novel 's publication coincided with the rise of the women 's movement in North America , but is described by Atwood as `` protofeminist '' because it was written in 1965 and thus anticipated second wave feminism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2f99128138c02ca771e68273ab1e5af", "text": "Toby Hull Toby Hull is the son of Rod Hull , a popular entertainer who appeared with an arm-length puppet known as Emu . He is one of three children from Hull 's second marriage . After the death of his father in 1999 , Toby brought Emu out of retirement for the 2003 pantomime season , appearing in Cinderella at the Theatre Royal , Windsor . In 2007 Hull appeared with a refurbished Emu in their own series on CITV .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a2057a134ca03dc5d9958df0f2844ee", "text": "Onnagata Onnagata or oyama ( Japanese : 女形 ・ 女方 , `` woman-role '' ) , are male actors who played women 's roles in Japanese Kabuki theatre . The modern all-male kabuki was originally known as yarō kabuki ( `` man kabuki '' ) to distinguish it from earlier forms . In the early 17th century , shortly after the emergence of the genre , many kabuki theaters had an all-female cast ( onna kabuki ) , with women playing men 's roles as necessary . Wakashū kabuki ( `` adolescent-boy kabuki '' ) , with a cast composed entirely of attractive young men playing both male and female roles , and frequently dealing in erotic themes , originated circa 1612 . Both onnagata and wakashū ( or wakashū-gata ) , actors specializing in adolescent male roles ( and usually adolescents themselves ) , were the subject of much appreciation by both male and female patrons , and were often prostitutes . All-male casts became the norm after 1629 , when women were banned from appearing in kabuki due to the prevalent prostitution of actresses and violent quarrels among patrons for the actresses ' favors . This ban failed to stop the problems , however , since the young male ( wakashū ) actors were also fervently pursued by patrons . In 1642 , onnagata roles were forbidden , resulting in plays that featured only male characters . These plays continued to have erotic content and generally featured many wakashū roles , often dealing in themes of nanshoku ( male homosexuality ) ; officials responded by banning wakashū roles as well . The ban on onnagata was lifted in 1644 , and on wakashū in 1652 , on the condition that all actors , regardless of role , adopted the adult male hairstyle with shaved pate . Onnagata and wakashū actors soon began wearing a small purple headscarf ( murasaki bōshi or katsura ) to cover the shaved portion , which became iconic signifiers of their roles and eventually became invested with erotic significance as a result . After authorities rescinded a ban on wig-wearing by onnagata and wakashū actors , the murasaki bōshi was replaced by a wig and now survives in a few older plays and as a ceremonial accessory . After film was introduced in Japan at the end of the 19th century , the oyama continued to portray females in movies until the early 1920s . At that time , however , using real female actresses was coming into fashion with the introduction of realist shingeki films . The oyama staged a protest at Nikkatsu in 1922 in backlash against the lack of work because of this . Kabuki , however , remains all-male even today . Oyama continue to appear in Kabuki today , though the term onnagata has come to be used much more commonly . Every Kabuki actor is expected to have facility with onnagata techniques ; and while is it tempting for Western opinion to equate onnagata with mere cross-dressing , or female impersonation , no kabuki actor 's training is complete without mastery of what constitutes the techniques the Kabuki onnagata . The phenomenon is best identified with the kangi , 女形 , for there is no English equivalent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dca4bf6e59e27566d80c2690a58d3f6c", "text": "30-Second Bunnies Theatre 30-Second Bunnies Theatre is a Flash cartoon series featuring films re-enacted by anthropomorphic animated bunnies in 30 seconds . The series is produced by Angry Alien Productions , the one-woman company of creator Jennifer Shiman . The series debuted in 2004 , when Shiman sought to create a humorous web series . She unveiled a version of The Exorcist , re-enacted by animated bunnies in 30 seconds . It received an overwhelmingly positive response online from a global audience , prompting Shiman to create more re-enactments . In 2005 , the `` bunny troupe '' was commissioned by Starz ! to make new shorts . Each Starz-commissioned re-enactment premiered on Starz on Demand before moving online . The series take on Star Wars was featured on CNN on April 16 , 2006 . Angry Alien Productions released a selection of the shorts on DVD on October 20 , 2009 . Previously , the Titanic short was included on that film 's 4-Disc Special Collector 's Edition DVD , released in 2005 . In 2007 , Crackle became a distributing partner . In 2008 , the site won two Webby Awards for Online Film and Video/Animation , as well as the People 's Voice award in that category . On June 13 , 2010 , Shiman announced on the 30-Second Bunnies Theatre Website that , after six years and 68 shorts , she was placing the series on hiatus to move on to other pursuits . The final short at the time was a re-enactment of the film Evil Dead II . As of October 2011 , Shiman completed three more re-enactments : Alfred Hitchcock 's The Birds , Freaks ( 1932 ) and Michael Dougherty 's Trick ' r Treat . Shiman teamed up with FEARnet in 2012 to make more horror movie shorts . The first season of shorts is complete , and the second season is in production as of September 16 , 2013 . In mid-March 2014 , Angry Alien Productions ventured into new bunny territory by re-enacting the life of Kevin Spacey ( with bunny voices by Kevin Spacey himself ) to celebrate the launch of his new website . In Spring 2015 the staff of Angry Alien Productions informed that they would indefinitely stop making re-enactments after Blade Runner .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a9ed5ea1cda975ddd730d957c88dd2a6", "text": "Strange Hill High Strange Hill High is a children 's puppet-animated series for CBBC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c36a0864700dddc08b8755b537e4c55", "text": "Theatre of Cruelty (Discworld) `` Theatre of Cruelty '' is a short Discworld story by Terry Pratchett written in 1993 . The name derives from a concept of Antonin Artaud ( Theatre of Cruelty ) . It was originally written for W. H. Smith Bookcase magazine and was then slightly modified and extended , being published again in the programme of the OryCon 15 convention , and then again in The Wizards of Odd , a compilation of fantasy short stories . It has since been made available on the Internet along with dozens of translations by fans , with Pratchett having stated , `` I do n't want to see it distributed in print anywhere but do n't mind people downloading it for their own enjoyment . '' The story involves both the Ankh-Morpork City Watch and a parallel of Punch and Judy . A murder has been committed : a street entertainer , found apparently battered to death with a very small blunt object , on him bite marks from a very small crocodile . Investigating the incident in his typically direct manner , Carrot Ironfoundersson discovers the death was an accident , the man having choked on a swazzle . It emerges that the entertainer had invented a parallel , live-action version of Punch and Judy , using -- and abusing -- a troupe of gnomes as the live cast . Carrot asserts that such brutal theatre could never find favour in Ankh-Morpork : `` That 's not the way to do it '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c32c3dfd169aa602a9edd5b2b48d24a8", "text": "Matilda (novel) Matilda is a children 's novel by British writer Roald Dahl . Matilda won the Children 's Book Award in 1999 . It was published in 1988 by Jonathan Cape in London , with 232 pages and illustrations by Quentin Blake . It was adapted as an audio reading by actress Kate Winslet , a 1996 feature film directed by Danny DeVito , a two-part BBC Radio 4 programme starring Lauren Mote as Matilda , Nichola McAuliffe as Miss Trunchbull and narrated by Lenny Henry , and a 2010 musical . In 2012 Matilda was ranked number 30 among all-time children 's novels in a survey published by School Library Journal , a monthly with primarily US audience . It was the first of four books by Dahl among the Top 100 , more than any other writer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f0e768322e1a35a3806406a9cb12c5b", "text": "Heart String Marionette Heart String Marionette is an independent feature-length animated film directed by M dot Strange . It uses 3D animation and CG effects . The film was released online on June 15 , 2012 . It premiered on March 7 , 2015 at the Cinequest Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b38f58eb2c9b9d81b304b9eccc13f2e", "text": "Puppet Master III: Toulon's Revenge Puppet Master III : Toulon 's Revenge is a 1991 direct-to-video horror film written by Charles Band , C. Courtney Joyner and David Schmoeller , and directed by David DeCoteau . It is the third film in the Puppet Master franchise , a prequel to 1989 's Puppet Master and 1991 's Puppet Master II , and stars Guy Rolfe as a puppeteer whose ability to animate lifeless material attracts the attention of the Nazis , whose members are played by Richard Lynch , Ian Abercrombie , and Walter Gotell . Toulon 's Revenge , as well as the second , fourth , and fifth installments of the series , are only available in DVD format through a Full Moon Features box set that has since been discontinued . However , in 2007 , Full Moon Features reacquired the rights to the first five films , and the box set has since been reissued and is available directly from Full Moon , as well as through several online retailers . The film is also available on DVD along with the first two films on a triple feature `` Midnight Horror Collection '' at a budget price . A remastered edition Blu-ray and DVD of the film was released on September 18 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f70659471b2ccce5f8dbea205611e98", "text": "Dickens' Women Dickens ' Women is a one person show written by Miriam Margolyes and Sonia Fraser and starring Margolyes . The play includes 23 different characters ( male and female ) based on or inspired by characters in Charles Dickens ' novels . The Sydney Morning Herald wrote that the `` elegantly crafted production puts the focus on the storyteller '' ( Dickens ) , highlighting his `` obsession with youthful beauty and his baffling relationships with his sisters-in-law '' . The Age noted that it `` combines character sketches , short readings , biographical material and mordant commentary '' . The show was developed in 1989 for the Edinburgh Festival , and Margolyes has taken it on tour worldwide , including a 2007 tour to Australia and New Zealand . Margolyes was nominated for an Olivier Award in 1992 for her original West End season of the show . Dickens ' Women was taken on a world tour in 2012 as part of the 200th anniversary celebrations of Dickens ' birth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "63e4f644c342c0e7b5110dad6e9ee3be", "text": "Hens' Teeth Hens ' Teeth Women 's Comedy Company first performed at Circa Theatre in Wellington pre-Xmas 1988 . It broke box-office records at the theatre , and a second season at Taki Rua Theatre early in 1989 had similar success . The company went on to create several productions a year , for 13 years . Though based in Wellington , New Zealand , the company toured throughout New Zealand , and in 1992 performed at the Adelaide Fringe Festival in Australia . Hens ' Teeth was created by Kate JasonSmith , who remained as the Producer throughout its existence . The format was of a comic line-up which changed nightly , with some regulars and some `` tryouts '' . It was held together by a compere or M.C. - the most famous being `` Mother Chook '' Leone Hatherly . The core cast of women included : Dame Kate Harcourt , Lorae Parry , Pinky Agnew , Helen Moulder , Carmel McGlone , Sue Dunlop , Sally Rodwell , Madeline McNamara , Rose Beauchamp , Prue Langbein , Bub Bridger , April Phillips , and Darien Takle . Over 100 women performed with Hens ' Teeth between 1987 and 2001 , including Ginette McDonald , Rima te Wiata , Emily Perkins , Cathy Sheat , Michelle Scullion , Ann Pacey , Riwia Brown , Ann Jones , Alison Wall , Pam Corkery , Perry Piercy , Nancy Fulford , Stephanie Creed , Vicki Walker , Donna Akersten , Jane Waddell , and Phylli JasonSmith . The success of Hens ' Teeth was attributed to the comedy being about things that are part of the fabric of most women 's lives : sex , politics , aging , cooking , ambition , breastfeeding , men , opera , housework , dieting , childcare , self-defense , love , money , contraception , creativity , etc. , etc. . The only major rule for the content of Hens ' Teeth was that they did n't laugh at the expense of men , or of any other minorities . After 16 years of hibernation , Hens ' Teeth has agreed to a new season at < Circa Theatre , Wellington , New Zealand , as part of the WTF ! ( Women 's Theatre Festival ) March 14th - 25th 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf8a6492fa8d9d1b556ba129c774387d", "text": "Wayland Flowers Wayland Parrott Flowers , Jr. ( November 26 , 1939 -- October 11 , 1988 ) was an American actor , comedian and puppeteer . Flowers was best known for the comedy act he created with his puppet Madame . His performances as `` Wayland Flowers and Madame '' were a major national success on stage and on screen in the 1970s and 1980s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc49b21109c98d6cc1fd736335d8f2a3", "text": "Puppet A puppet is an object , often resembling a human , animal or mythical figure , that is animated or manipulated by a person called a puppeteer . The puppeteer uses movements of their hands , arms , or control devices such as rods or strings to move the body , head , limbs , and in some cases the mouth and eyes of the puppet . The puppeteer often speaks in the voice of the character of the puppet , and then synchronizes the movements of the puppet 's mouth with this spoken part . The actions , gestures and spoken parts acted out by the puppeteer with the puppet are typically used in storytelling . Puppetry is a very ancient form of theatre which dates back to the 5th century BC in Ancient Greece . There are many different varieties of puppets , and they are made from a wide range of materials , depending on their form and intended use . They range from very simple in construction and operation to very complex . Two simple types of puppets are the finger puppet , which is a tiny puppet that fits onto a single finger , and the sock puppet , which is formed and operated by inserting one 's hand inside a sock , with the opening and closing of the hand simulating the movement of the puppet 's `` mouth . '' The sock puppet is a type of hand puppet , which is controlled using one hand that occupies the interior of the puppet and moves the puppet around . A `` live-hand puppet '' is similar to a hand puppet but is larger and requires two puppeteers for each puppet . A Marionette is a much more complicated type of puppet that is suspended and controlled by a number of strings connected to the head , back and limbs , plus sometimes a central rod attached to a control bar held from above by the puppeteer . A rod puppet is constructed around a central rod secured to the head . A shadow puppet is a cut-out figure held between a source of light and a translucent screen . Bunraku puppets are a type of Japanese wood-carved puppet . A ventriloquist 's dummy is a human-shaped puppet operated by a ventriloquist performer 's hand ; the performer produces the puppets voice with little or no movement of her mouth , which creates the illusion that the puppet is alive . Carnival puppets are large puppets , typically bigger than a human , designed to be part of a large spectacle or parade .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2a4dbc30e72828733b6d6ec1a13fe18", "text": "Miranda Sings Miranda Sings is a fictional character , developed on the internet , created in 2008 and portrayed by American comedian , actress and YouTube personality Colleen Ballinger . Ballinger displays videos of the comically talentless , egotistical , misguided and quirky character on her YouTube channel . In these videos , the eccentric , narcissistic , yet endearing character sings and dances badly , gives inept `` tutorials '' , recounts her daily activities , discusses current events that she often misunderstands , collaborates with other YouTubers , and rants about her critics , reading examples of hate mail directed at the character on social media ; she responds to them with her catchphrase : `` Haters Back Off ! '' . Ballinger created the character as a satire of bad but arrogant singers who believe that posting their videos on YouTube will lead to them breaking into show business . As of February 2017 , the Miranda Sings YouTube channel had surpassed 1.2 billion views and 7 million subscribers , and Miranda had more than 6 million Instagram followers . Miranda has been ranked the 7th `` most popular '' YouTube personality by Daily American , and the channel was ranked No. 38 of all time by NewMediaRockstars . The character also has an active presence on other social media . Since 2009 , in addition to her internet videos , Ballinger has regularly presented live comedy acts , in character as Miranda Sings , at first in cabaret spaces and later in theaters in New York , London , and other cities in the US , Canada , Europe , Australia and elsewhere . Her acts include Miranda 's signature off-key singing of pop music hits and show tunes , with introductions focusing on the character 's backstory . Her delivery is full of malapropisms , mondegreens and spoonerisms , and the acts incorporate interaction with audience volunteers , giving a `` voice lesson '' to , or singing a duet with , Broadway or other musical celebrities , reading hate mail , and singing while being stabbed through the neck in her `` magic trick '' . The character has appeared in web series , interviews and an episode of the TV show Victorious . In 2014 , she guest-starred in character on an episode of Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee with Jerry Seinfeld and appeared on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon . In July 2015 , she released a New York Times # 1 best-selling book , written in Miranda 's voice , titled Selp-Helf . Miranda is the main character in the Netflix original series Haters Back Off , which premiered in 2016 and has been renewed for 2017 . Ballinger won a Teen Choice Award and a Streamy Award for her Miranda videos .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "6c2d9ab0a9388565a04291ffa4f564d4", "text": "Odin In Germanic mythology , Odin ( from Old Norse Óðinn ) is a widely revered god . In Norse mythology , from which stems most of the information about the god , Odin is associated with healing , death , royalty , the gallows , knowledge , battle , sorcery , poetry , frenzy , and the runic alphabet , and is the husband of the goddess Frigg . In wider Germanic mythology and paganism , Odin was known in Old English as Wōden , in Old Saxon as Wōdan , and in Old High German as Wuotan or Wōtan , all stemming from the reconstructed Proto-Germanic theonym wōđanaz . Odin is a prominently mentioned god throughout the recorded history of the Germanic peoples , from the Roman occupation of regions of Germania through the tribal expansions of the Migration Period and the Viking Age . In the modern period , Odin continued to be acknowledged in the rural folklore of Germanic Europe . References to Odin appear in place names throughout regions historically inhabited by the ancient Germanic peoples , and the day of the week Wednesday bears his name in many Germanic languages , including English . In Anglo-Saxon England , Odin held a particular place as a euhemerized ancestral figure among royalty , and he is frequently referred to as a founding figure among various other Germanic peoples , including the Langobards . Forms of his name appear frequently throughout the Germanic record , though narratives regarding Odin are mainly found in Old Norse works recorded in Iceland , primarily around the 13th century . These texts make up the bulk of modern understanding of Norse mythology . In Old Norse texts , Odin is depicted as one-eyed and long-bearded , frequently wielding a spear named Gungnir , and wearing a cloak and a broad hat . He is often accompanied by his animal companions -- the wolves Geri and Freki and the ravens Huginn and Muninn , who bring him information from all over Midgard -- and rides the flying , eight-legged steed Sleipnir across the sky and into the underworld . Odin is attested as having many sons , most famously the gods Thor ( with Jörð ) and Baldr ( with Frigg ) , and is known by hundreds of names . In these texts , he frequently seeks greater knowledge , at times in disguise ( most famously by obtaining the Mead of Poetry ) , makes wagers with his wife Frigg over the outcome of exploits , and takes part in both the creation of the world by way of slaying the primordial being Ymir and the gift of life to the first two humans Ask and Embla . Odin has a particular association with Yule , and mankind 's knowledge of both the runes and poetry is also attributed to him . In Old Norse texts , Odin is given primacy over female beings associated with the battlefield -- the valkyries -- and oversees Valhalla , where he receives half of those who die in battle , the einherjar . The other half are chosen by the goddess Freyja for her afterlife location , Fólkvangr . Odin consults the disembodied , herb-embalmed head of the wise being Mímir for advice , and during the foretold events of Ragnarök , Odin is told to lead the einherjar into battle before being consumed by the monstrous wolf Fenrir . In later folklore , Odin appears as a leader of the Wild Hunt , a ghostly procession of the dead through the winter sky . He has also been associated with charms and other forms of magic , particularly in Old English and Old Norse texts . Odin has been a frequent subject of study in Germanic studies , and numerous theories have been put forward regarding his development . Some of these focus on Odin 's particular relation to other figures ; for example , the fact that Freyja 's husband Óðr appears to be something of an etymological doublet of the god , whereas Odin 's wife Frigg is in many ways similar to Freyja , and that Odin has a particular relation to the figure of Loki . Other approaches focus on Odin 's place in the historical record , a frequent question being whether the figure of Odin derives from Proto-Indo-European religion , or whether he developed later in Germanic society . In the modern period , Odin has inspired numerous works of poetry , music , and other forms of media . He is venerated in most forms of the new religious movement Heathenry , together with other gods venerated by the ancient Germanic peoples ; some branches focus particularly on him .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "79deb1858005e60d4fd947b23f602c38", "text": "Ivar Ivar ( Old Norse Ívarr ) is a Scandinavian masculine given name . Another variant of the name is Iver , which is more common in Norway . The Old Norse name has several possible etymologies . In North Germanic phonology , several of the elements common to Germanic names became homophonous . The first element Ívarr may contain yr `` yew '' and - arr ( from hari , `` warrior '' ) , but it may have become partly conflated with Ingvar , and possibly Joar ( element jó `` horse '' ) . The second element - arr may alternatively also be from geir `` spear '' or it may be var `` protector '' . The name was adopted into English as Ivor , into Gaelic as Iomhar , and into Latvian as Ivars .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d60c676bb5e3da2ea50d078061fea5e", "text": "Uí Ímair The Uí ( h ) Ímair -LSB- iː ˈiːvˠaɾʲ -RSB- , or Dynasty of Ivar , were a royal Norse dynasty members of which ruled much of the Irish Sea region , the Kingdom of Dublin , the western coast of Scotland , including the Hebrides and some part of Northern England , from the mid 9th century . The dynasty lost control of York in the mid 10th century , but reigned over the other domains at variously disputed times , depending on which rulers may be counted among their descendants . This has proved a difficult question for scholars to determine , because reliable pedigrees do not survive . Additionally , for between three and four decades , the Uí Ímair were probably overkings of the Kingdom of Scotland itself , distinct from the Kingdom of Strathclyde , of which they may also have been overkings , and later briefly the Irish province of Munster , dominated from Waterford , and later still , briefly the English kingdom of Mercia . In the west of Ireland , the Uí Ímair also supplied at least two kings of Limerick , from which they may have attempted to conquer Munster again . On the female side , two members are styled Queens of Ireland in the Irish annals ( they were also Queen of Mide and Queen of Munster , respectively ) , while another was Queen of Leinster ( and Osraige ) . In the Norse sources , another was Queen consort of Norway . Finally , another may have been Queen of Brega . The name Uí Ímair in Old Irish means `` grandchildren '' or descendants of Ivar , but the dynasty includes its progenitor and his sons . The Irish annals describe Ivar as the brother of Amlaíb Conung and of Auisle , and the Annals of Ulster record his obituary under the year 873 , reading : Imhar , rex Nordmannorum totius Hibernie & Brittanie , uitam finiuit -LSB- `` Ivar , king of all the Norse of Ireland and Britain , ended his life '' -RSB- . Probably the senior leader of the Great Heathen Army , Ivar may thus have become the inspiration for the legendary Ivar the Boneless ( fl . 865-860 ) , son of Ragnar Lodbrok . In any event , Uí Ímair dynasts may also have exercised power as overkings of East Anglia during their career in Britain . Alex Woolf points out it would be a mistake to view the lordship as a `` unitary empire '' ; it was , rather , a collection of lordships ruled by the same kindred , with only varying degrees of unity depending on the political circumstances of the moment and the charisma of individual leaders . Especially in the early period , a great portion of the dynasty 's wealth , probably the majority , came from the international slave trade , both as slavers themselves and from the taxation of it , for which they were infamous in their time . In this role they star as the principal antagonists in the early 12th-century Irish epic political tract The War of the Irish with the Foreigners , although the account is exaggerated . One of the greatest dynasties of the Viking Age , the Uí Ímair were at their height the most fearsome and wide-reaching power in the British Isles and perhaps beyond . However , unlike the contemporary Rurikids in the East they ultimately failed to make any long-lasting territorial gains of significance and are considered a strategic failure , despite their considerable economic and political influence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65364723268016ceda04bf7f479c8b3b", "text": "Naglfari In Norse mythology , Naglfari is the father of Auðr by the personified night , Nótt . Naglfar is attested in a single mention in the Prose Edda ( written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson ) book Gylfaginning , where he is described as one of a series of three husbands of Nótt , and that the couple produced a son , Auðr . No additional information is provided about Naglfari . Rudolf Simek theorizes that Snorri invented Naglfari but states that his reason for doing so is unknown .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a3290f8ac3cee85ef577b4bc459cbef", "text": "Sólarljóð The Sólarljóð ( The Song of the Sun ) is an Old Norse poem , written in Iceland ca 1200 . It is written in the traditional metric style of the Poetic Edda , but with a content from Christian visionary poems . The poem is anonymous , even though it is in some manuscripts assigned to Sæmund . In 82 ljóðaháttr stanzas it gives a narrative , in which a deceased father is addressing his son from another world . The father does n't reveal his identity until the lasts stanzas . The title of the poem is given in the 81 . stanza , and no doubt derives from the allusion to the Sun at the beginning of the stanzas 39-45 , all beginning with Sól ek sá ... `` The Sun I saw ... '' . The first stanzas ( 1-24 ) gives examples of the lives , death and fate of different , anonymous persons . Stanzas 25-32 are advices , similar to those in Hávamál , while 33-38 is a `` psychological biography '' of the narrators life . No 39-45 are the sun stanzas ; followed by a section ( 46-56 ) where the narrator is placed in some limbo between life and death . The next section , stanzas 57-80 , describes his impressions of Hell and Heaven , often compared to The Divine Comedy . The last two stanzas are addressing the son , and the hope for resurrection . Though written in the traditional metric style of the old Norse religious and wisdom poetry , the poem draws heavily on inspiration from the European medieval visionary literature and the metaphors of contemporary Christian literature . Despite its references to the Norse mythology , it bears no signs of syncretism , but bears a convinced testimony of the new faith .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5efaa36da0167bae23582474a569e1ba", "text": "Seiðr In Old Norse , seiðr ( sometimes anglicized as seidhr , seidh , seidr , seithr , seith , or seid ) was a type of sorcery which was practiced in Norse society during the Late Scandinavian Iron Age . Connected with Norse religion , its origins are largely unknown , although it gradually eroded following the Christianization of Scandinavia . Accounts of seiðr later made it into sagas and other literary sources , while further evidence has been unearthed by archaeologists . Various scholars have debated the nature of seiðr , some arguing that it was shamanic in context , involving visionary journeys by its practitioners . Seiðr practitioners were of both sexes , although females are more widely attested , with such sorceresses being variously known as vǫlur , seiðkonur and vísendakona . There were also accounts of male practitioners , known as seiðmenn , but in practising magic they brought a social taboo , known as ergi , on to themselves , and were sometimes persecuted as a result . In many cases these magical practitioners would have had assistants to aid them in their rituals . In pre-Christian Norse mythology , seiðr was associated with both the god Oðinn , a deity who was simultaneously responsible for war , poetry and sorcery , and the goddess Freyja , a member of the Vanir who was believed to have taught the practice to the Æsir . In the 20th century , adherents of various modern pagan new religious movements adopted forms of magico-religious practice that include seiðr . The practices of these contemporary seiðr-workers have since been investigated by various academic researchers operating in the field of pagan studies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c97004181f2e8bc662f2e6f8c52e8f0e", "text": "Troll A troll is a class of being in Norse mythology and Scandinavian folklore . In Old Norse sources , beings described as trolls dwell in isolated rocks , mountains , or caves , live together in small family units , and are rarely helpful to human beings . Later , in Scandinavian folklore , trolls became beings in their own right , where they live far from human habitation , are not Christianized , and are considered dangerous to human beings . Depending on the source , their appearance varies greatly ; trolls may be ugly and slow-witted , or look and behave exactly like human beings , with no particularly grotesque characteristic about them . Trolls are sometimes associated with particular landmarks , which at times may be explained as formed from a troll exposed to sunlight . Trolls are depicted in a variety of media in modern popular culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d65ff28880902efea49e11b7997c632d", "text": "Mundilfari In Norse mythology Mundilfari ( Old Norse , possibly `` the one moving according to particular times '' ) is the father of Sól , goddess associated with the Sun , and Máni , associated with the Moon . Mundilfari is attested in the Poetic Edda poem Vafþrúðnismál stanza 23 , and in chapter 11 of the Prose Edda book Gylfaginning .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a42134de201de057fd73aa439d441b6c", "text": "Öpir Öpir or Öper ( Old Norse : Øpiʀ / Œpir , meaning `` shouter '' ) was a runemaster who flourished during the late 11th century and early 12th century in Uppland , Sweden . He was the most productive of all the old runemasters and his art is classified as being in the highly refined Urnes style .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c28408707d30cd99bc4fb70a8a5ba9a", "text": "HMS Odin Five ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Odin after the god Odin in Norse mythology . A sixth was ordered , but later cancelled : was a 74-gun third rate captured from the Danish at the Battle of Copenhagen in 1807 . She was used for harbour service from 1811 and was sold in 1825 . was a paddle steam frigate launched in 1846 sold in 1865 . was a sloop launched in 1901 and sold in 1920 . Delivered the Somali Sultan Mohamoud Ali Shire to the Seychelles in 1920 , where he was sentenced to exile . was an Odin class submarine launched in 1928 . She was sunk by Italian ships in 1940 . HMS Odin was to have been an Algerine-class minesweeper but she was cancelled in 1944 . was an Oberon-class submarine launched in 1960 and scrapped in 1991 . Category : Royal Navy ship names", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2931ee13479c3de9d179ccef8e37689", "text": "Odin from Lejre Odin from Lejre is a small cast silver figurine from approximately 900 C.E. , depicting an individual on a throne wearing a floor-length dress , an apron , four bead necklaces , a neck ring , a cloak and a rim-less hat . Two birds are seated on the armrests and the back of the throne features the heads of two animals . The figurine has inlay of black niello ( black coloured alloy ) and some gilding . The figure measures 18 mm in height and weights 9 grams . The figurine was found by local amateur archaeologist Tommy Olesen on September 2 , 2009 , during the Roskilde Museum excavations of a small village at Gammel Lejre ( `` Old Lejre '' ) near the modern town of Lejre , Denmark . The figurine was unveiled at the Roskilde Museum on November 13 , 2009 , and is now part of the permanent exhibition . The identity of the figure depicted has been the subject of some dispute . The excavator interpreted it as the god Odin sitting on his throne Hliðskjálf , from which he sees into all the worlds . The birds would be the ravens Huginn and Muninn , who gathered information for Odin . The beast-heads might symbolise Odin 's two wolves , Geri and Freki . However , some scholars specialising in Viking Age dress and gender representation have pointed out that the person is dressed entirely in female attire , resulting in theories that the figure may in fact represent either the goddesses Frigg or Freyja . Parallels have been pointed to between `` Odin from Lejre '' and a silver figure often identified as Freyja found in Aska , Sweden .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c428c51deeabe3c820054249f8910650", "text": "Die Walküre Die Walküre ( The Valkyrie ) , WWV 86B , is a music drama in three acts by Richard Wagner with a German libretto by the composer . It is the second of the four works that form Wagner 's cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen ( The Ring of the Nibelung ) . The story of Die Walküre is based on the Norse mythology told in the Volsunga Saga and the Poetic Edda . In Norse mythology , a valkyrie is one in a group of female figures who decide which soldiers die in battle and which live . Die Walküre 's best-known excerpt is the `` Ride of the Valkyries '' . It received its premiere at the Königliches Hof - und National-Theater in Munich on 26 June 1870 . Wagner originally intended the work to be premiered as part of the entire cycle , but was forced to allow the performance at the insistence of his patron King Ludwig II of Bavaria . It was first presented as part of the complete cycle on 14 August 1876 at Wagner 's Bayreuth Festival . The work made its United States premiere at the Academy of Music in New York on 2 April 1877 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6246aa55d3eee9b24ed765ae676ebf7c", "text": "Urðr Urðr ( Old Norse `` fate '' ) is one of the Norns in Norse mythology . Along with Verðandi ( possibly `` happening '' or `` present '' ) and Skuld ( possibly `` debt '' or `` future '' ) , Urðr makes up a trio of Norns that are described as deciding the fates of people . Urðr is attested in stanza 20 of the Poetic Edda poem Völuspá and the Prose Edda book Gylfaginning . Urðr is together with the Norns located at the well Urðarbrunnr beneath the world ash tree Yggdrasil of Asgard . They spin threads of life , cut marks in the pole figures and measure people 's destinies , which shows the fate of all human beings and gods . Norns are always present when a child is born and decide its fate . The three Norns represent the past ( Urðr ) , future ( Skuld ) and present ( Verðandi ) . Urðr is commonly written as Urd or Urth . In some English translations , her name is glossed with the Old English form of urðr ; Wyrd .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25a94645000bf0085a1e4f9ab846b8d3", "text": "Wayland the Smith In Norse mythology , Wayland the Smith ( Wēland ; Wiolant Wēlandaz variously Galan and Galand in French ; from * Wēla-nandaz , lit . `` battle-brave '' ) is a legendary master blacksmith , described by Jessie Weston as `` the weird and malicious craftsman , Weyland '' . In Old Norse sources , Völundr appears in Völundarkviða , a poem in the Poetic Edda , and in Þiðrekssaga , and his legend is also depicted on Ardre image stone VIII . In Old English sources , he appears in Deor , Waldere and in Beowulf and the legend is depicted on the Franks Casket . He is mentioned in the German poems about Theoderic the Great as the Father of Witige .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b08374e0eccab6f14688c80571babc8", "text": "Iðunn In Norse mythology , Iðunn is a goddess associated with apples and youth . Iðunn is attested in the Poetic Edda , compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources , and the Prose Edda , written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson . In both sources , she is described as the wife of the skaldic god Bragi , and in the Prose Edda , also as a keeper of apples and granter of eternal youthfulness . The Prose Edda relates that Loki was once forced by the jötunn Þjazi to lure Iðunn out of Asgard and into a wood , promising her interesting apples . Þjazi , in the form of an eagle , snatches Iðunn from the wood and takes her to his home . Iðunn 's absence causes the gods to grow old and grey , and they realize that Loki is responsible for her disappearance . Loki promises to return her and , in the form of a falcon , finds her alone at Þjazi 's home . He turns her into a nut and takes her back to Asgard . After Þjazi finds that Iðunn is gone , he turns into an eagle and furiously chases after Loki . The gods build a pyre in Asgard and , after a sudden stop by Loki , Þjazi 's feathers catch fire , he falls , and the gods kill him . A number of theories surround Iðunn , including potential links to fertility , and her potential origin in Proto-Indo-European religion . Long the subject of artworks , Iðunn is sometimes referenced in modern popular culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dfe43ec8bd558d13582d1ab5dc9c0c22", "text": "Háttatal The Háttatal ( -LSB- ˈhauʰtaˌtʰaːl -RSB- , conversation of meters ; c. 20,000 words ) is the last section of the Prose Edda composed by the Icelandic poet , politician , and historian Snorri Sturluson . Using , for the most part , his own compositions , it exemplifies the types of verse forms used in Old Norse poetry . Snorri took a prescriptive as well as descriptive approach ; he has systematized the material , and often notes that `` the older poets did not always '' follow his rules . Most of the forms depend on number of syllables per line , as well as assonance , consonance , and alliteration . Although end rhyme is represented , it does not function in the ways most modern English speakers expect ( forms include AAAAAAAA , and AAAABBBB ) , and plays a very minor role . Understanding this work will be much easier if the First Grammatical Treatise is also available to hand . Many scholars have suggested that the form of Háttatal suggests a classical influence deriving from the traditions of Christian learning to which Snorri was doubtlessly exposed . Others have argued that this is a result of using a logical approach , within the framework of a dialog , and that some aspects of the work prove that it was not directly influenced by classical writings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58560d8fa1533707faaa98721bf028aa", "text": "Thor (volcano) Thor is an active volcano on Jupiter 's moon Io . It is located on Io 's anti-Jupiter hemisphere at . A major eruption with high thermal emission and a large , volcanic plume was observed during a Galileo flyby on August 6 , 2001 , when the spacecraft flew through the outer portions of the plume allowing for direct sampling . The eruption continued into Galileo 's next flyby in October 2001 . As seen during high-resolution images taken during the eruption , Thor consists of a series of dark lava flows emanating from a set of nearby volcanic depressions . Before the eruption , the area consisted of red-brown plains , composed of irradiated sulfur , typical of Io 's mid - to high-northern latitudes and a set of yellow flows , possibly consisting of sulfur or silicate flows covered by diffuse sulfur deposits . During the New Horizons encounter in February 2007 , Thor was still active , with the spacecraft observing thermal emission in the near-infrared and a volcanic plume at the volcano . Thor was named in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union ( IAU ) after the Norse god of thunder , Thor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa8f00c70c310ad35f4ed0472f779d8d", "text": "Icelandic Elf School The Icelandic Elf School , known as Álfaskólinn in Icelandic , is a school in Iceland that teaches students and visitors about Icelandic folklore . The school teaches about the hidden people and the 13 different kinds of elves that the school believes inhabit the country of Iceland . According to the school 's headmaster , hidden people `` are just the same size and look exactly like human beings , the only difference is that they are invisible to most of us . Elves , on the other hand , are n't entirely human , they 're humanoid , starting at around eight centimetres . '' He also claims there are gay and lesbian elves . The school is located in Reykjavík , the country 's largest city . The school is headed by Magnús Skarphéðinsson . Magnús has a full curriculum , and certificate programs for visitors that can be earned in as little as half a day . However , the school also publishes texts on hidden people , partly for its own use in the classroom . There is also ongoing research on the elves and hidden people of Iceland . He also collects stories about trolls , fairies , dwarves , and gnomes , but says that `` nearly 70 percent of our stories are about hidden people , because they are most seen here . '' These stories have been collected for the purpose of preservation . Magnús organizes five hour long educational excursions for visitors , and finishes the tour with coffee and pancakes at the school . Despite never advertising his school , Magnus typically gets 5-10 people per excursion . Since opening in 1991 , over 9,000 people , most of them foreigners , have attended the school . The Álfaskólinn also provides `` aura readings '' and `` past-life explorations '' . The question of the `` level of belief in elves '' in Iceland is somewhat of a cultural topos , with survey results published in 1975 , 1995 , 1998 , 2006 . Interpretations of the survey results vary . Based on the 2006 figures , Magnús claims that while only 26 % of Icelanders believe in elves ( summing the responses ` certain ' and ` probable ' ) , 80 % `` do take notice '' ( including the replies ` possible ' and ` unlikely ' ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5fdb32e77d152cf8d23b591dc8d8db1c", "text": "Ásatrú holidays In Asatru ( Germanic neopaganism ) , various publications identify a number of holidays , to some extent based on medieval references to sacrifices observed in historical Norse paganism or reconstructions of an early Germanic calendar , but frequently also inspired by the `` Wheel of the Year '' popular in Wicca , and sometimes also based on ad hoc innovation , e.g. the various `` Days of Remembrance '' introduced by The Troth . As a minimal consensus , the three great seasonal blots mentioned in Ynglingasaga are recognized by practically all adherents . These are : Winter Nights ( in October , in some Icelandic sagas identified with Dísablót ) , Midwinter ( some time in December or January , often identified with Yule ) and Sigrblot ( some time in summer ) . Beyond this , the modern Icelandic festival of Þorrablót is sometimes considered a `` pagan holiday '' . Suggestions for rituals suited for these various holidays were published by e.g. Edred Thorsson , A Book of Troth ( 1989 ) and by Kveldulf Gundarsson , Teutonic Religion ( 1993 ) . James Chisholm ( 1989 ) published a suggestion for Ostara The following are examples of seasonal festivals as listed by notable adherents of American Asatru .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1edcddc587ec0b1a2ca862c3788cb2bd", "text": "Gerðr In Norse mythology , Gerðr ( Old Norse `` fenced-in '' ) is a jötunn , goddess , and the wife of the god Freyr . Gerðr is attested in the Poetic Edda , compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources ; the Prose Edda and Heimskringla , written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson ; and in the poetry of skalds . Gerðr is sometimes modernly anglicized as Gerd or Gerth . In both the Poetic Edda and the Prose Edda , Freyr sees Gerðr from a distance , becomes deeply lovesick at the sight of her shimmering beauty , and has his servant Skírnir go to Jötunheimr ( where Gerðr and her father Gymir reside ) to gain her love . In the Poetic Edda Gerðr initially refuses , yet after a series of threats by Skírnir she finally agrees . In the Prose Edda , no mention of threats are made . In both sources , Gerðr agrees to meet Freyr at a fixed time at the location of Barri and , after Skírnir returns with Gerðr 's response , Freyr laments that the meeting could not occur sooner . In both the Poetic Edda and the Prose Edda , Gerðr is described as the daughter of Gymir and the jötunn Aurboða . In Heimskringla , Gerðr is recorded as the wife of Freyr , euhemerized as having been a beloved king of Sweden . In the same source , the couple are the founders of the Yngling dynasty and produced a son , Fjölnir , who rose to kinghood after Freyr 's passing and continued their line . Gerðr is commonly theorized to be a goddess associated with the earth . Gerðr inspired works of art and literature .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6b1755d96d3b437e0d6edbf7d065b25", "text": "Vídbláin In Norse mythology , Víðbláinn is the third heaven in the cosmology of Snorri 's Gylfaginning , located above Andlang and Asgard . It will serve as a shelter and dwelling place for the souls of the dead during and after the destruction of Ragnarök .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "9212046d269e0a7a6545ce06459af484", "text": "Eva Longoria Eva Longoria Bastón ( born Eva Jacqueline Longoria ; March 15 , 1975 ) is an American actress , producer , director , activist and businesswoman . After a series of guest roles on several television series , Longoria was first recognized for her portrayal of Isabella Braña on the CBS daytime soap opera The Young and the Restless , on which she starred from 2001 to 2003 . She is perhaps best known for her role as Gabrielle Solis on the ABC television series Desperate Housewives , which ran from 2004 to 2012 and for which she received Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Award nominations . She has also appeared in Harsh Times ( 2005 ) , The Sentinel ( 2006 ) , and Over Her Dead Body ( 2008 ) . From 2015 to 2016 , Longoria starred as Ana Sofia Calderón on the short-lived NBC sitcom Telenovela , and served as an executive producer for the Lifetime television series Devious Maids . Longoria has also appeared in several advertising campaigns and has been named one of Hollywood 's most beautiful women by several publications , including People en Español and People magazines . She currently holds contracts with L'Oréal , Hanes , and New York & Co , among others .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c0718a49b09f0321646c97555522ca3a", "text": "Manticore (film) Manticore is an American Sci-Fi original movie that aired on the Sci-Fi Channel on November 26 , 2005 . It was directed by Tripp Reed and featured Heather Donahue , Chase Masterson and Robert Beltran . It is about a squad of United States Army soldiers in Iraq that must fight against a resurrected , nearly unstoppable manticore awoken from its slumber by an Iraqi insurgent leader .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da106573fbb7e2da01294c803954d891", "text": "Allied (film) Allied is a 2016 romantic thriller film directed by Robert Zemeckis and written by Steven Knight . It stars Brad Pitt as a Canadian intelligence officer and Marion Cotillard as a French Resistance fighter and collaborator , who fall in love during a mission in Casablanca . Jared Harris , Simon McBurney and Lizzy Caplan also star . Principal photography began in February 2016 in London . The film was released in the United States on November 23 , 2016 by Paramount Pictures , receiving mixed reviews from critics , although Pitt and particularly Cotillard 's performances were praised , and grossed $ 119 million worldwide . It received an Academy Award nomination for Best Costume Design .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d965e1ab229fc344edeb47b264ec7d03", "text": "Ariel Award for Best Supporting Actress The Ariel Award for Best Supporting Actress ( Spanish : Premio Ariel a Mejor Coactuación Femenina ) is an award presented by the Academia Mexicana de Artes y Ciencias Cinematográficas ( AMACC ) in Mexico . It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a supporting role while working within the Mexican film industry . In 1947 , the 1st and 2nd Ariel Awards were held , with Lilia Michel winning in both ceremonies for the films Un Beso en la Noche and Vértigo , respectively . With the exception of the years 1959 to 1971 , when the Ariel Awards were suspended , the award has been given annually . Nominees and winners are determined by a committee formed every year consisting of academy members ( active and honorary ) , previous winners and individuals with at least two Ariel nominations ; the committee members submit their votes through the official AMACC website . Since its inception , the award has been given to 47 actresses . Ana Ofelia Murguía and Isela Vega had received the most awards in this category with three Ariels each . Angélica Aragón , Katy Jurado , Ofelia Medina , Lilia Michel , Angelina Peláez , and Eileen Yáñez have been awarded twice ; Jurado was also the first Mexican actress to be nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the film Broken Lance ( 1954 ) . Murguía is the most nominated performer , with eight nominations , followed by Aragón with six . Nineteen films have featured two nominated performances for Best Supporting Actress , Una Familia de Tantas ( Eugenia Galindo and Martha Roth ) , Fin de Fiesta ( Ana Martín and Helena Rojo ) , Actas de Marusia ( Silvia Mariscal and Patricia Reyes Spíndola ) , Las Poquianchis ( Ana Ofelia Murguía and María Rojo ) , El Lugar Sin Límites ( Ana Martín and Lucha Villa ) , Que Viva Tepito ( Leonor Llausás and Rebeca Silva ) , Vidas Errantes ( Eugenia D'Silva and Josefina González de la Riva ) , Los Motivos de Luz ( Murguía and Dunia Zaldívar ) , Como Agua Para Chocolate ( Pilar Aranda and Claudette Maillé ) , Novia Que Te Vea ( Angélica Aragón and Verónica Langer ) , Dos Crimenes ( Leticia Huijara and Margarita Isabel ) , Mujeres Insumisas ( Regina Orozco and Lourdes Elizarrarás ) , Profundo Carmesí ( Julieta Egurrola and Verónica Merchant , Por Si No Te Vuelvo a Ver ( Zaide Silvia Gutiérrez and Angelina Peláez ) , Un Embrujo ( Luisa Huertas and Mayra Sérbulo ) , Mezcal ( Aída López and Sérbulo ) , Fuera del Cielo ( Martha Higareda and Isela Vega ) , Cinco Días Sin Nora ( Langer and Peláez ) , and Las Oscuras Primaveras ( Margarita Sanz and Cecilia Suárez ) ; Roth , Helena Rojo , Reyes Spíndola , María Rojo , Villa , Murguía , Maillé , Aragón , Isabel , Egurrola , Vega , and Peláez won the award . As of the 2016 ceremony , Adriana Paz is the most recent winner in this category for her role in Hilda .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8647b2eb8a26e412ed44ffe47fcb933d", "text": "Alien (film) Alien is a 1979 British-American science-fiction horror film directed by Ridley Scott , and starring Sigourney Weaver , Tom Skerritt , Veronica Cartwright , Harry Dean Stanton , John Hurt , Ian Holm and Yaphet Kotto . The film 's title refers to a highly aggressive extraterrestrial creature that stalks and kills the crew of a spaceship . Dan O'Bannon wrote the screenplay from a story he wrote with Ronald Shusett , drawing influence from previous works of science fiction and horror . The film was produced by Gordon Carroll , David Giler and Walter Hill through their Brandywine Productions and distributed by 20th Century Fox . Giler and Hill made revisions and additions to the script . Shusett was executive producer . The eponymous Alien and its accompanying elements were designed by Swiss artist H. R. Giger , while concept artists Ron Cobb and Chris Foss designed the human aspects of the film . Alien launched the Alien franchise and is chronologically the first of the main series , with the prequel series set in an earlier timeframe . Alien received both critical acclaim and box office success , receiving an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects , Saturn Awards for Best Science Fiction Film , Best Direction for Scott , and Best Supporting Actress for Cartwright , and a Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation , along with numerous other award nominations . It has remained highly praised in subsequent decades , being considered one of the greatest films of all time . In 2002 , the film was deemed `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' by the Library of Congress and was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry . In 2008 , it was ranked as the seventh-best film in the science fiction genre by the American Film Institute , and as the 33rd greatest film of all time by Empire magazine . The success of Alien spawned a media franchise of novels , comic books , video games , and toys . It also launched Weaver 's acting career by providing her with her first lead role , and the story of her character Ellen Ripley 's encounters with the Alien creatures became the thematic thread that ran through the sequels Aliens ( 1986 ) , Alien 3 ( 1992 ) and Alien : Resurrection ( 1997 ) . , a crossover with the Predator franchise produced the Alien vs. Predator series , which includes Alien vs. Predator ( 2004 ) and Aliens vs. Predator : Requiem ( 2007 ) , and also a prequel series of films , which includes Prometheus ( 2012 ) and Alien : Covenant ( 2017 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57bdde025009ea20563a1f6a5ff2dfce", "text": "The Golden Cane Warrior The Golden Cane Warrior ( marketed as Pendekar Tongkat Emas domestically ) is a 2014 Indonesian martial art film directed by Citra Award-winning director Ifa Isfansyah ( Sang Penari ) . Produced by Mira Lesmana and Riri Riza of Miles Films , the film features some of Indonesia 's most prolific actors , including Christine Hakim , Nicholas Saputra , Reza Rahadian , Slamet Rahardjo , and Prisia Nasution . Rising stars Eva Celia and Tara Basro are also featured on major roles . The film revives the historical silat genre which has not been present in Indonesia 's film industry for years . While it depicts martial arts and violence , the film explores themes such as loyalty , integrity , ambition , and betrayal . It was released on 18 December 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab8c9f9b928c6895c095354307294fc1", "text": "Sentinel (building) The Sentinel ( sometimes The Sentinel or Sentinel Tower ) is a luxury residential skyscraper in Takapuna , the central business area of North Shore City , New Zealand . The largest and currently only skyscraper in the city , it has 30 storeys . and is 150 m tall including spire . It offers views over the Waitemata Harbour , the wider Hauraki Gulf as well as over to the Auckland CBD skyline . The Sentinel was opened to the first residents in February 2008 . The building contains 117 apartments , with the uppermost two levels forming a 675 m ² penthouse , which was sold in 2007 for NZ$ 11 million . A communal area on level four includes a 25 m x 6 m heated swimming pool and spa , sauna and gym facilities as well as landscaped areas . The building contains a number of motifs , from the square ( used extensively in the glass facade proportions and in smaller details ) , to a woven flax basket ( hinted at in the latticework of the facade ) to the spire on top of the building which evokes a sail , especially from further away across the Hauraki Gulf . The Sentinel was built by Multiplex Constructions for NZ$ 60 million and was given a non-notified consent by North Shore City Council because the idea of having a landmark building in Takapuna was considered favourably when the developer Cornerstone Group first proposed it in 2003 . The developer has also stated that the consenting regulations have since become onerous to a degree that he would not build such a building under current rules .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a6527355a0a835a8c548a48585d4e77a", "text": "Eva Bella Eva Bella is an American child actress and voice actress . Eva Bella ( born Eva Bella Kushner ) was born in Omaha , Nebraska on June 4 , 2003 . She has been acting since the age of seven , her first role was for a television commercial . She has had roles in several movies and television shows since then most notably , as the voice of young Elsa in Frozen and as Shimmer in Shimmer and Shine . She will return as young Elsa in Frozen 's sequel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1637800ffdb4b177f56a49878d9b2592", "text": "Sentinel-1 Sentinel-1 is a space mission funded by the European Union and carried out by the ESA within the Copernicus Programme , consisting of a constellation of two satellites . The payload of Sentinel-1 is a Synthetic Aperture Radar in C band that provides continuous imagery ( day , night and all weather ) . On 12 March 2010 , the European Space Agency and Thales Alenia Space signed a contract worth $ 270 million to build the second satellite of the Sentinel-1 pair . First Sentinel 1A arrived at launch site in Kourou , French Guiana on 25 February . Sentinel-1A satellite was launched on 3 April 2014 , by a Soyuz Rocket .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b63ac3f20e4c917d6e3379f129d43c59", "text": "Mission: Impossible 2 Mission : Impossible 2 ( stylized as M : I-2 ) is a 2000 American action spy film directed by John Woo and starring Tom Cruise , who also served as the film 's producer . It is the second installment in the Mission : Impossible film series . In the film , Ethan Hunt is recruited by the Impossible Missions Force ( IMF ) to find and destroy a dangerous biological weapon called `` Chimera '' from a rogue IMF agent named Sean Ambrose with the help of his new girlfriend , Nyah Nordoff-Hall . . Mission : Impossible 2 was released in theaters worldwide on May 24 , 2000 . It grossed more than $ 546.4 million worldwide , becoming the highest grossing film of 2000 . But the critical response was mixed ; praise was directed at Tom Cruise 's performance and the action sequences , but the plot and dialogue were criticized .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "907c6b7233e1e24c83843a55d64e7cdf", "text": "Winter's Bone Winter 's Bone is a 2010 American independent drama film , an adaptation of Daniel Woodrell 's 2006 novel of the same name . Written and directed by Debra Granik , the film stars Jennifer Lawrence as a teenaged girl in the rural Ozarks of the central United States who , to protect her family from eviction , must locate her missing father . The film explores the interrelated themes of close and distant family ties , the power and speed of gossip , self-sufficiency , and poverty as they are changed by the pervasive underworld of illegal methamphetamine labs . Winter 's Bone won several awards , including the Grand Jury Prize : Dramatic Film at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival . It also received four 2011 Academy Award nominations : Best Picture , Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Actress and Best Supporting Actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b33cf3bfdbde0c139ada1356c0c91b1", "text": "Sin City (film) Sin City ( also known as Frank Miller 's Sin City ) is a 2005 American neo-noir crime anthology film written , produced , and directed by Frank Miller and Robert Rodriguez . It is based on Miller 's graphic novel of the same name . Much of the film is based on the first , third and fourth books in Miller 's original comic series . The Hard Goodbye is about a man who embarks on a brutal rampage in search of his one-time sweetheart 's killer , killing anyone , even the police , that gets in his way of finding and killing her murderer . The Big Fat Kill focuses on an everyman getting caught in a street war between a group of prostitutes and a group of mercenaries , the police and the mob . That Yellow Bastard follows an aging police officer who protects a young woman from a grotesquely disfigured serial killer . The intro and outro of the film are based on the short story `` The Customer is Always Right '' , which is collected in Booze , Broads & Bullets , the sixth book in the comic series . The film stars an ensemble cast led by Jessica Alba , Benicio del Toro , Brittany Murphy , Clive Owen , Mickey Rourke , Bruce Willis , and Elijah Wood , and featuring Alexis Bledel , Michael Clarke Duncan , Rosario Dawson , Carla Gugino , Rutger Hauer , Jaime King , Michael Madsen , and Nick Stahl , among others . Sin City opened to wide critical and commercial success , gathering particular recognition for the film 's unique color processing , which rendered most of the film in black and white but retained or added coloring for selected objects . The film was screened at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival in competition and won the Technical Grand Prize for the film 's `` visual shaping '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bf46fc2c16260c2a2447ad6d3b25962", "text": "List of accolades received by Fences (film) Fences is a 2016 American drama film directed by Denzel Washington and written by August Wilson . Starring Washington , Viola Davis , Jovan Adepo and Stephen McKinley Henderson , the film focuses on a man and his life , family , and job . The film began a limited release on December 16 , 2016 , before opening wide on December 25 . The film was released to universal acclaim , with Rotten Tomatoes listing an approval rating of 93 % , based on 207 reviews , with an average rating of 7.7 / 10 , and Metacritic listing a score of 79 out of 100 , based on 48 reviews . Fences won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and the British Academy Film Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for Davis . The film won Best Supporting Actress for Davis and was nominated for Best Picture , Best Director , Best Actor for Washington , Best Acting Ensemble and Best Adapted Screenplay at Critics ' Choice Awards . The film won Best Supporting Actress -- Motion Picture for Davis and was nominated for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Washington at Golden Globe Awards . The film received four nominations at Satellite Awards , including Best Film , Best Director , Best Actor for Washington and Best Supporting Actress for Davis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "79be731cf527f945acee9d6e6f1b7868", "text": "Lila & Eve Lila & Eve is a 2015 American crime drama film directed by Charles Stone III and written by Patrick Gilfillan . The film stars Viola Davis and Jennifer Lopez . It premiered on January 30 , 2015 , at the Sundance Film Festival . The film was released in North America on July 17 , 2015 , in a limited release and through video on demand by Samuel Goldwyn Films . This marks the second time Davis and Lopez acted in a film together , the first being the Steven Soderbergh film Out of Sight in 1998 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af9b1045a686e3863da8eaceecac8be1", "text": "Day on Fire Day on Fire is an American film which was produced by Lodestar Entertainment and filmed in New York City and Israel in 2006 . It is written and directed by Jay Anania , stars Academy Award winner Olympia Dukakis , Carmen Chaplin , Alyssa Sutherland and Martin Donovan and is produced by William Fisch and Larry Rattner . The film was scored by John Medeski with vocals by Judy Kuhn . Day on Fire was screened at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival on May 22 , 2006 . Day on Fire tells the story of a singer , a model , an Arab woman journalist , and a physician as they criss-cross New York City over a 12-hour period . Their intersecting lives unfold against the backdrop of a ghastly suicide bombing in Israel , and the strange New York City wanderings of a malevolent Handsome Man , whose predatory intents lend an air of inevitable , horrific violence . Beautifully and hauntingly musical , this thriller also has a political and personal intrigue that mounts inexorably as the sun begins to set on this fateful day . By the time night has fallen in the city , the crossing of these individual fates is sealed . Each of these four women has found their destiny amidst the brutality that the film reveals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b5909d535fdd2055f6cbb1d0b1ef214", "text": "Samantha Morton Samantha Jane Morton ( born 13 May 1977 ) is an English actress , screenwriter and director . She has received critical acclaim and numerous accolades throughout her career , including one BAFTA Award , one BIFA Award , one Golden Globe Award and has been nominated twice for an Academy Award and once for an Emmy Award . She has been described as one of the greatest actresses of her generation . Brought up in Nottingham , Morton joined the Central Junior Television Workshop , and soon began her career in British television in 1991 . She guest-starred in Soldier Soldier and Cracker and appeared from 1995 to 1996 in the ITV series Band of Gold . She made the transition to film with lead roles in the dramas Emma ( 1996 ) , Jane Eyre ( 1997 ) and the well-received Under the Skin ( 1997 ) . The latter made director Woody Allen cast Morton in Sweet and Lowdown ( 1999 ) , which earned her nominations for the Academy Award and the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress . In the 2000s , Morton continued to draw critical praise for her performances in numerous arthouse and independent films . Her role in Morvern Callar ( 2002 ) garnered her the BIFA Award for Best Actress , and she received her second Academy Award nomination , this time in the Best Actress category , for In America ( 2003 ) . She also found mainstream success with the science fiction thriller Minority Report ( 2002 ) . For her role in 2006 's television biopic Longford , she received BAFTA and Emmy Award nominations and won the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress -- Television Film . Morton starred in the dramas Control ( 2007 ) , Synecdoche , New York ( 2008 ) and The Messenger ( 2009 ) , and she made her directorial debut with the British television film The Unloved ( 2009 ) , winning the BAFTA Television Award for Best Single Drama . Her most recent acting credits include the science fiction action film John Carter ( 2012 ) , the thriller Cosmopolis ( 2012 ) , the drama Decoding Annie Parker ( 2013 ) , the period film Miss Julie ( 2014 ) , the European limited series The Last Panthers ( 2015 ) and the film adaptation Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them ( 2016 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c626a780d7e73ef69819636a98cbb641", "text": "El Sentinel del Sur de la Florida El Sentinel del Sur de la Florida ( Spanish for `` South Florida Sun-Sentinel '' ) is a weekly Spanish-language newspaper published in Fort Lauderdale , Florida by the Sun-Sentinel Company , a subsidiary of the Tribune Publishing of Chicago , which also publish the South Florida Sun-Sentinel . El Sentinel began publication in 2003 . The newspaper 's chief competitors in the South Florida metropolitan area are El Nuevo Herald , the Spanish edition of the Miami Herald , and La Palma , the Spanish edition of the Palm Beach Post .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de8b6e72c0e66dd0a164016e6991a55f", "text": "Quarantine (2008 film) Quarantine is a 2008 American found-footage supernatural horror film directed and co-written by John Erick Dowdle , produced by Sergio Aguero , Doug Davison , and Roy Lee , and co-written by Drew Dowdle , being a remake of the Spanish film REC . The film stars Jennifer Carpenter , Jay Hernandez , Columbus Short , Greg Germann , Steve Harris , Dania Ramirez , Rade Šerbedžija , and Johnathon Schaech . Quarantine features no actual composition , it is `` scored '' by sound effects . In comparison to REC , it features several differences such as added and excluded scenes and characters , dialogue , and a different explanation for the virus . The film was released by Sony 's subsidiary Screen Gems on October 10 , 2008 . It received polarizingly favorable reviews from critics and was a general box office success . The film was followed by a sequel , Quarantine 2 : Terminal ( 2011 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce37dbcc323b056860ac87e7f3c05e02", "text": "Orion Pictures Orion Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture producer and distributor that produced and released films from 1978 until 1999 , and was also involved in television production and syndication throughout the 1980s until the early 1990s . It was formed in 1978 as a joint venture between Warner Bros. and three former top-level executives of United Artists . Although it was never a large motion picture producer , Orion achieved a comparatively high reputation for Hollywood quality . Woody Allen , James Cameron , Jonathan Demme , Oliver Stone , and several other prominent directors worked with Orion during its most successful years from 1978 to 1992 . Of the films distributed by Orion , four won Academy Awards for Best Picture : Amadeus ( 1984 ) , Platoon ( 1986 ) , Dances with Wolves ( 1990 ) , and The Silence of the Lambs ( 1991 ) . Two other Orion films , Hannah and Her Sisters ( 1986 ) and Mississippi Burning ( 1988 ) , were nominated for that same category . In 2013 , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer revived the Orion name for television ; a year later Orion Pictures was quietly relaunched by the studio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5467369669505202edfdb3ef91e0d087", "text": "L'Infermiera L'Infermiera is a 1975 commedia sexy all ` italiana film starring Ursula Andress , Jack Palance and Luciana Paluzzi , also known by the titles I Will If You Will , The Nurse , The Sensuous Nurse and The Secrets of a Sensuous Nurse .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec124f1f5664897184af737d01d67751", "text": "Aunjanue Ellis Aunjanue L. Ellis ( born February 21 , 1969 ) is an American film , stage , and television actress , and producer . She began her acting career in theater , and made her film debut in Girls Town . She later had leading roles in a number of independent movies , and co-starred in several mainstream films . Ellis is best known for her roles in films Men of Honor ( 2000 ) , The Caveman 's Valentine ( 2001 ) , Undercover Brother ( 2002 ) , Ray ( 2004 ) , The Express ( 2008 ) , The Taking of Pelham 123 ( 2009 ) and The Help ( 2011 ) . On television , Ellis had regular role in the ABC police drama series High Incident ( 1996 -- 97 ) , and later co-starred in a number of short-lived dramas . She had recurring roles on The Practice , True Blood , and The Mentalist , and played roles in a number of made for television movies , such as Gifted Hands : The Ben Carson Story ( 2009 ) and Abducted : The Carlina White Story ( 2013 ) . In 2015 , Ellis played the leading role in the miniseries The Book of Negroes , based on bestselling novel by Lawrence Hill . She received critical acclaim and a Critic 's Choice Award nomination for Best Actress in a Movie/Miniseries . Later that year , she began starring as Miranda Shaw in the ABC thriller series Quantico . In 2016 , Ellis played Nancy Turner , Nat Turner 's mother , in the critically acclaimed period drama film , The Birth of a Nation .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "aa761b801ec3d5d312a377cb48f540e7", "text": "A.C. Milan Associazione Calcio Milan ( -LSB- assotʃatˈtsjone ˈkaltʃo ˈmiːlan -RSB- ) , commonly referred to as A.C. Milan or simply Milan , is a professional football club in Milan , Italy , founded in 1899 . The club has spent its entire history , with the exception of the 1980 -- 81 and 1982 -- 83 seasons , in the top flight of Italian football , known as Serie A since 1929 -- 30 . With 18 officially recognised UEFA and FIFA titles , they are the fourth most successful club in the world and the most successful Italian club at international level . Milan has won a joint record three Intercontinental Cups and one FIFA Club World Cup , seven European Cup/Champions League titles ( Italian record ) , the UEFA Super Cup a joint record five times and the Cup Winners ' Cup twice . With 18 league titles , Milan is the joint-second most successful club in Serie A , along with local rivals Internazionale . They have also won the Coppa Italia five times , and the Supercoppa Italiana seven . Milan 's home games are played at San Siro , also known as the Stadio Giuseppe Meazza . The stadium , which is shared with city rivals Internazionale , is the largest in Italian football , with a total capacity of 80,018 . Inter are considered their biggest rivals , and matches between the two teams are called Derby della Madonnina , which is one of the most followed derbies in football . The former owner of the club was former Italian prime minister Silvio Berlusconi , which owned the club for 31 years . The club is one of the wealthiest in Italian and world football . It was a founding member of the now-defunct G-14 group of Europe 's leading football clubs as well as its replacement , the European Club Association .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27bc9ce7bb4edf30b078b55f90beaf59", "text": "Patrick Cutrone Patrick Cutrone ( -LSB- kuˈtroːne -RSB- ; born 3 January 1998 ) is an Italian footballer who plays as a forward for Milan .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "e943aad26c4f5919744641a213e991d8", "text": "1992 Stanley Cup playoffs The 1992 Stanley Cup playoffs , the championship of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) began on April 18 , after the conclusion of the 1991 -- 92 NHL season . It was the 100th anniversary of the first awarding of the Stanley Cup , and it was won by the Pittsburgh Penguins , defeating the Chicago Blackhawks . The 1992 playoffs saw history being made , as for the first time ever , all four division winners were eliminated in the same round . In the division finals , the Norris Division champion Detroit Red Wings were swept by the Chicago Blackhawks in four straight games , and the Montreal Canadiens , who had won the Adams Division , suffered the same fate at the hands of the Boston Bruins . The Pittsburgh Penguins eliminated the Patrick Division titlists , the New York Rangers , in six games , while the Vancouver Canucks , the Smythe Division toppers , fell to the Edmonton Oilers , also in six games . A record 54 games were played in the first round , with six of the eight series going the full seven games . The only two series that did n't were the Oilers ' six-game win over the Kings , and the Blackhawks ' six-game win over the Blues . This was the last year that the Hartford Whalers and Minnesota North Stars qualified for the playoffs . The franchises would not reach the postseason again until 1999 and 1994 respectively . By the time each franchise reached the playoffs again they were known as the Carolina Hurricanes and the Dallas Stars . Video replay was used to decide a playoff game for the first time in game six of the Detroit-Minnesota division semifinal . Sergei Fedorov of the Red Wings appeared to hit the crossbar behind Minnesota goalie Jon Casey during the first overtime , but after the Stars iced the puck immediately afterward , referee Rob Shick called for a video review , which determined that the puck had entered the goal just below the crossbar and caromed off the frame at the back of the net . Fedorov was awarded the goal , giving the Red Wings a series-tying victory .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f414e93fe4fe62d29ea1f4293534154", "text": "List of Men's Basketball Academic All-America Team Members of the Year List of Men 's Basketball Academic All-America Team Members of the Year is a list of the annual selection by the College Sports Information Directors of America and its Academic All-America sponsor of the individual athlete selected as the most outstanding of the annual Men 's Basketball Academic All-America selections . Between 1996 and 2011 , one winner each was chosen from both the College and University Divisions for all twelve Academic All-America teams including football . The Academic All-America program recognizes combined athletic and academic excellence of the nation 's top student-athletes . The University Division team included eligible participants from National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA ) Division I member schools , while the College Division team included scholar-athletes from all of the following : NCAA Division II , NCAA Division III , National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics ( NAIA ) , Canadian universities and colleges and two-year schools . Beginning in 2012 , COSIDA revamped its award structure . The University Division was renamed `` Division I '' . NCAA Divisions II and III now have their own separate All-Americans , while the College Division now consists only of non-NCAA institutions . Currently , each team selects Academic All-District honorees in eight geographic districts across the United States and Canada . First team All-District honorees make the All-America team ballots . Currently , all twelve Academic All-American teams ( men 's and women 's basketball , men 's and women 's soccer , men 's and women 's track & field , men 's baseball , women 's softball , men 's American football , women 's volleyball and men 's and women 's at-large teams ) have four Academic All-Americans of the Year , one from each division . In each of the four divisions ( College , Division I , Division II , and Division III ) , one of the twelve sport-by-sport Academic All-Americans of the Year is selected as the Academic All-America Team Member of the Year for that division . The most recent men 's basketball player to receive the all-sports honor is John Coleman of Clarkson University in New York , who won the Division III award for 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7af7fad31f47e6b9df257a6dd2b92c8", "text": "USA Football USA Football is the national governing body for amateur American football in the United States . It is an independent non-profit based in Indianapolis , Indiana . USA Football hosts more than 100 training events annually and offers education programs for coaches and game officials , as well as skill development for young players and resources for youth league administrators . The organization awards more than $ 1,000,000 in equipment grants to youth leagues and high schools each year based on merit and need along with additional resources . USA Football also offers up to $ 500,000 in subsidies for volunteer youth coach background checks . USA Football was endowed by the National Football League and the National Football League Players Association in 2002 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44b87290a9efa71c876a7c6db8ab03ad", "text": "National Football League regular season The National Football League ( NFL ) regular season begins the weekend after Labor Day in early September and ends in December or early January . It consists of 256 games , where each team ( 32 total ) plays 16 games during a 17-week period . Since 2012 , the NFL schedule generally has games in one of five time slots during the week . A game played on Thursday night , kicking off at 8:25 PM ( ET ) . The majority of games are played on Sunday , most kicking off at 1:00 PM ( ET ) , some late afternoon games starting at 4:05 or 4:25 PM ( ET ) . Additionally , one Sunday night game is played every week at 8:30 PM ( ET ) . One Monday night game then starts at 8:30 PM ( ET ) every week with the exception of the first week of the regular season , in which two Monday night games are played back-to-back ( the second game always occurring on the West coast ) , as well as the last week of the season , in which no Monday night game is held . In addition to these regularly scheduled games , there are occasionally games at other times , such as a Saturday afternoon or evening , or the annual Thanksgiving Day games in which three games are played . During the final week of the regular season , all games are held on Sunday . In place since 2006 , the current broadcasting contract establishes broadcast partners for each game . The Sunday afternoon games are broadcast either on CBS or Fox . CBS has the broadcast rights for teams in the American Football Conference while Fox has the rights for teams in the National Football Conference . In games where teams from both conferences play each other , the network with the broadcast rights for the `` away '' team will broadcast the game . In each local television market , three Sunday afternoon games are played . One of the two networks gets a doubleheader , while the other network has the right to broadcast a single game ; the networks alternate weeks when each has the right to the doubleheader . Doubleheader games are broadcast at 1:00 ( ET ) and 4:25 PM ( ET ) . The network with the single game will have an official kick-off time at either 1:00 PM ( ET ) or 4:05 PM ( ET ) . In addition to the regular Sunday afternoon games , there are three prime time games each week . The Thursday night game is broadcast by the NFL Network ( with , starting in 2016 , five of those Thursday games also being simulcast by CBS and another five on NBC ) . The Sunday night game is broadcast by NBC , while the Monday night game is broadcast by ESPN . The NFL uses a strict scheduling algorithm to determine which teams play each other from year to year , based on the current division alignments and the final division standings from the previous season . The current formula has been in place since 2002 , the last year that the NFL expanded its membership . Generally , each team plays the other three teams in its own division twice , all four teams from a single division in the AFC once , all four teams from a single division in the NFC once , and two additional intraconference games based on the standings from the previous season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68a80632eceee3a4eef5b928b79da313", "text": "List of Toronto Maple Leafs seasons The Toronto Maple Leafs are a professional ice hockey team based in Toronto , Ontario . They are members of the Atlantic Division in the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) and are known as one of the Original Six teams of the league . Founded in 1917 , the club had no nickname in their first season , and were known as the Toronto Arenas for their second season . From the 1919 -- 20 season they were known as the Toronto St. Patricks , until in February 1927 when the club was purchased by Conn Smythe . Smythe changed the name of the club to the Maple Leafs and they have been known by that name ever since . The 2016 -- 17 season is the 100th for the franchise and since their founding the Leafs have won 2794 regular season games , accumulated 5 division championships , led the league in points 6 times , appeared in the playoffs 65 times , gained 8 O'Brien Cup championships , and won 13 Stanley Cup titles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39ee1dbbad9c9b49ded8c5535b88a76f", "text": "Ronald Patrick Ronald Patrick , Jr. ( born November 1 , 1991 ) is an American football center for the Washington Redskins of the National Football League ( NFL ) . He played college football at South Carolina .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b2d65d1e10626f9e32ab660c17bfef3", "text": "Stratford Warriors The Stratford Warriors are a Canadian junior ice hockey team based in Stratford , Ontario , Canada . They play in the Mid-Western division of the Greater Ontario Junior Hockey League . The team was originally named the Warriors but was changed to Culliton in 1975 in honour of the team sponsor the Culliton brothers . The sponsorship from the Culliton brothers ended in 2016 , bringing the name `` Warriors '' back to the city .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd641f002ac09f0abcd7eea3b12215df", "text": "List of Tampa Bay Lightning draft picks The Tampa Bay Lightning are a professional ice hockey team based in Tampa , Florida . They are members of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) . The first entry draft they participated in was in 1992 , where they selected Roman Hamrlik first overall . Since 1992 , they have drafted 190 players from 13 different nations . The NHL Entry Draft is held each June , allowing teams to select players who have turned 18 years old by September 15 in the year the draft is held . The draft order is determined by the previous season 's order of finish , with non-playoff teams drafting first , followed by the teams that made the playoffs , with the specific order determined by the number of points earned by each team . The NHL holds a weighted lottery for the 14 non-playoff teams , allowing the winner to move up a maximum of four positions in the entry draft . The team with the fewest points has the best chance of winning the lottery , with each successive team given a lower chance of moving up in the draft . Between 1986 and 1994 , the NHL also held a Supplemental Draft for players in American colleges . The Lightning have held the first overall pick three times in franchise history . They have used these picks to select Roman Hamrlik in 1992 , Vincent Lecavalier in 1998 and Steven Stamkos in 2008 . They also selected first in the 1992 NHL Supplemental Draft , where they chose defenseman Cory Cross . When they won the Stanley Cup in 2003 -- 04 , only five of the 25 who dressed for Game 7 were drafted by Tampa Bay .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65392032384368ed2bc2b074dbcadeb4", "text": "Sports in Boston Boston , the capital city of the U.S. state of Massachusetts and largest city in the New England region of the northeastern United States , is home to several major league sports teams , including the Red Sox ( baseball ) , the Celtics ( basketball ) and the Bruins ( ice hockey ) . The New England Patriots ( American football ) and the New England Revolution ( soccer ) play at Gillette Stadium in nearby Foxborough , Massachusetts . Several Boston-area colleges and universities are also active in college athletics . Sports are a major part of the city 's culture ( as well as the culture of the Greater Boston area ) . Boston sports fans are known for their fanatical devotion to the Red Sox and knowledge of the team 's history . Fenway Park , home of the Red Sox , is the oldest ballpark in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) and holds a legendary status among baseball fans . Boston is the only city in professional sports in which all facilities are privately owned and operated . The Patriots own Gillette Stadium , the Red Sox own Fenway Park , and TD Garden is owned by Delaware North , owner of the Bruins . The Celtics rent TD Garden from Delaware North . In the 2000s , Boston 's professional teams had arguably the most successful decade in sports history , winning ten championships ( five by the Patriots , three by the Red Sox and one each by the Celtics and Bruins ) . When the Bruins won the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , the city of Boston became the first city in the 21st century to have all four of its major professional league teams win a league championship , and it is the only city ever to have championships in all four major professional leagues within a ten-year span ( from the Patriots ' victory in February 2002 to the Bruins ' in June 2011 ) . In just ten years , between February 2002 and June 2011 , Boston 's teams completed what Sports Illustrated dubbed as the `` Grand Slam of North American sports . '' With the Patriots ' victory over the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLIX , the four major Boston-area sports teams completed a grand-slam in six years ( the 2008 Celtics , the 2011 Bruins , the 2013 Red Sox and the 2014 Patriots ) . Beyond that , several of the teams were league finalists : the Revolution four times , the Patriots twice and the Bruins and Celtics once apiece . With the Bruins reaching the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , this allowed Boston to join Philadelphia as being the only cities to have had all of their teams play in each of the four major North American professional sports leagues ' title rounds since 2000 , following the Patriots in Super Bowls XXXVI in 2002 , XXXVIII in 2004 , XXXIX in 2005 , XLII in 2008 , XLVI in 2012 , XLIX in 2015 , and LI in 2017 and winning all of them , except Super Bowl XLII and XLVI , the Red Sox winning World Series titles in ( ending the Curse of the Bambino ) , , and , and the Celtics in the NBA Finals in and and winning in 2008 . In addition , Boston beat out Philadelphia for playing in all of the `` big '' league championship rounds in the shortest time in the new millennium , as it took 9 years for Philadelphia to achieve this feat ; Boston needed only three years and eight months . From 2004 to 2015 , all four Boston major league teams have each reached the championship rounds two times or more .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0b836bf279861a9fd47d261355f1ac5", "text": "Anaheim Ducks The Anaheim Ducks are a professional ice hockey team based in Anaheim , California . They are members of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) . Since their inception , the Ducks have played their home games at the Honda Center . The club was founded in 1993 by The Walt Disney Company as the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim , a name based on the 1992 film The Mighty Ducks . Disney sold the franchise in 2005 to Henry and Susan Samueli , who along with General Manager Brian Burke , changed the name of the team to the Anaheim Ducks before the 2006 -- 07 season . The Ducks have made the playoffs 13 times and won six Pacific Division titles ( 2006 -- 07 , 2012 -- 13 , 2013 -- 14 , 2014 -- 15 , 2015 -- 16 , and 2016 -- 17 ) , two Western Conference championships ( 2002 -- 03 and 2006 -- 07 ) and one Stanley Cup ( 2006 -- 07 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d84a314d5858449ea1671815afeb2ae3", "text": "3v3 Soccer 3v3 Soccer is a variety of soccer played between two teams . Each team may only have 3 players on the field at a time ( hence providing the name , `` 3 v 3 '' , `` 3 versus 3 '' , or `` 3 on 3 '' ) . This style of soccer is more commonly referred to as a `` small-sided '' game , as compared to a full game with larger teams . The field used is smaller than a regulation soccer pitch , instead it typically is 30 yards wide by 40 yards long , although these dimensions vary quite a bit when the game is played indoors due to the varied styles and sizes of indoor pitches . It uses a much smaller goal than fullsided soccer . In most 3v3 there is no keeper , although one variant , 3v3 Micro Soccer , does use a keeper . `` 3v3 Soccer '' is claimed to be the fastest growing form of soccer in the World . Its greatest popularity is in the United States , where hundreds , and perhaps thousands of Tournaments take place each year , however it is also now begun to catch on in many other countries . Nike helped to popularize it with its international Joga3 Joga Bonito Tour back in 2006 , in which teams qualified at local events around the World , culminating in a big 3v3 World Cup played in Brazil . It is a much faster paced , and higher scoring game than traditional full sided soccer . The speed of the attack , the use of triangulation , and the strategies bring aspects of Hockey into the game . The quick shift from one end of the field to the other after a goal is scored , or upon loss of possession is reminiscent of Basketball . It requires the blending of individual skills with teamwork . Its gain in popularity is largely because every member of the team gets equal playing time , and equal touches on the ball . All players on the field are a part of the play . Because of the speed of the game , and the fact that players are constantly in motion , there are frequent substitutions . A typical player may be rotated on six times or more in one game . There are no permanently assigned positions as there are in full sided soccer , giving each team member equal status and equal importance . This helps to develop individual skills . Currently there are Four major tours in the United States , Colorado based Kick it 3v3 Soccer http://www.kickit3v3.com/ with their World Championship 's held at the ESPN Wide World Of Sports Complex in Florida , Utah based 3v3 Live , Florida based Challenge3v3 and 3v3 World Tour , a 3v3 soccer tour that offers a 3v3 ranking system . There is also a new California based US 3v3 Soccer is promoting 3v3 soccer throughout California and the West . Canada also finally has its own home grown tour attempting to promote 3v3 there . Ontario based Ultimate 3 on 3 Soccer is the first Canadian based 3v3 Soccer Tour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f81e5585a3f5498e14a7ed8d7c159fbf", "text": "Patrick Sharp Patrick Sharp ( born December 27 , 1981 ) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player currently playing for and an alternate captain of the Dallas Stars of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) . He is a three-time Stanley Cup champion , having won as a member of the Chicago Blackhawks in 2010 , 2013 , and 2015 ; as well as an Olympic gold medalist playing with the Canadian national team at the 2014 Winter Games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca162d154300ca86646f3fe04b2c1558", "text": "Kerry Brady Kerry Patrick Brady ( born August 27 , 1963 ) is a former American football placekicker in the National Football League for the Dallas Cowboys , Indianapolis Colts , and the Buffalo Bills . He played college football at the University of Hawaii . He retired from football after 3 years and took a job in the medical field . He has two children and currently lives in California . Category :1963 births Category : Living people Category : Sportspeople from Vancouver , Washington Category : American football placekickers Category : Dallas Cowboys players Category : Indianapolis Colts players Category : Buffalo Bills players", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7e15458e039040bcdf8d51f48865a42", "text": "Eastern Conference (NHL) The Eastern Conference ( Conférence de l'Est ) is one of two conferences in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) used to divide teams . Its counterpart is the Western Conference . Previously known as the Prince of Wales Conference ( or Wales Conference for short ) , it was created in 1974 when the NHL realigned its teams into two conferences and four divisions . Because the new conferences and divisions had little to do with North American geography , geographical references were removed . The conference was instead named for the Prince of Wales Trophy . . The current champions are the Pittsburgh Penguins , winning in 2016 -- 17 . The Prince of Wales Trophy dates back to 1925 , when it was donated to the League by the then-current Prince of Wales , who later became King Edward VIII . It was originally given to the NHL 's champion . ( Until 1926 , the Stanley Cup was presented to the winner of a post-season playoff between the NHL and Western Hockey League champions . ) Since 1926 -- 27 , the Stanley Cup has gone to the NHL 's playoff champion . During the years when the NHL had no divisions , ( i.e. , 1925 -- 26 ; 1938 to 1967 ) , the Prince of Wales Trophy was presented to the League 's regular season champion ( analogous to today 's Presidents ' Trophy ) . From 1928 to 1937 , the Trophy went to the American Division regular season champion ; from 1967 to 1974 , it was presented to the East Division regular season champion ; and from 1974 to 1981 , it was presented to the Wales Conference regular season champion . The conferences and divisions were re-aligned for the 1981 -- 82 to better reflect the geographical locations of the teams , but the existing names were retained with the Wales Conference becoming the conference primarily for the NHL 's eastern teams . The names of conferences and divisions were changed for the 1993 -- 94 season to reflect their geographic locations . Then-new NHL Commissioner Gary Bettman made the change to help non-hockey fans better understand the game , as the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , National Football League ( NFL ) and Major League Baseball ( MLB ) all use geographic-based names for their conferences and divisions . However , the trophy awarded to the conference champion , the Prince of Wales Trophy , retains some connection to the heritage of the League . In 2005 , following the 2004 -- 05 NHL lockout , Bettman changed the Eastern Conference logo ( along with the Western Conference and NHL logos ) to its current format .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f8419cc9e58e7025ac9d2f0f2db57a6", "text": "Omaha Mavericks men's basketball The Omaha Mavericks men 's basketball team , also called the Nebraska -- Omaha Mavericks , Although the school has completed the rebranding of its athletic program as `` Omaha '' , and both The Summit League and National Collegiate Hockey Conference now follow this usage , national media such as ESPN usually use the hyphenated `` Nebraska-Omaha '' . represents the University of Nebraska Omaha in Omaha , Nebraska , United States . The Mavericks compete in The Summit League . Led by head coach Derrin Hansen , they moved into the new on-campus Baxter Arena at the start of the 2015 -- 16 season . The 2015 -- 16 season is also the first in which they are eligible for the NCAA Tournament , NIT , or The Summit League Tournament ; they had been ineligible during the school 's four-year transition from Division II to Division I , which began in the 2011 -- 12 season . During this period , they made one appearance in the CIT , a tournament which is not directly sponsored by the NCAA , in 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dccd9a706347b37481dd4746fec5d11d", "text": "Patrick K. Collins Patrick K. Collins ( born 12 September 1977 , Dublin , Ireland ) is the current Assistant Head Coach at Greystones RFC in A.I.B League/Division 2 . His previous role was as Youth Development Coach with Munster Rugby . He was appointed to the position in 2006 and worked primarily with the elite age grade players on the Munster Rugby Academy . Collins was educated at Plymouth College , Devon , and graduated from Surrey University , Surrey ( BSc in Sports Science ) and at the University of Exeter ( Postgraduate Education Diploma ) . He is a qualified P.E. teacher and has been a former Master at St. Edward 's School , Oxford , England , where he was assistant to future England 7s coach Ben Ryan . He was Head of Boys Sport at Wells Cathedral School , Somerset , England , and as Director of Sport/Rugby at Glenstal Abbey School , County Limerick . While at Glenstal , Collins delivered the two most successful seasons in the history of the school with notable success in both the Senior and Junior Munster Schools Cups and success in the Gold Coast Rugby Festival in Australia . After his success at Glenstal , Collins became sports Co-ordinator at Sandford Park School in Ranelagh , Dublin . He is currently Sports Co-ordinator at Wesley College , Dublin . As a player , he played club rugby in England with Plymouth Albion and Exeter Chiefs ( both in National Division 1 ) , before signing with London Irish in 1999 until a serious knee injury damaging both his cruciate and medial ligaments and shattering his patella ( kneecap ) ended his playing career . He entered coaching as a result of his injury and soon found success with various school boy and county age group teams . Patrick was appointed as Backs Coach to the Irish Exiles , and coached many players who have progressed to full international honors . With the London-based Exiles , Collins became Head Coach of the U18 's and coached them to successful `` inter-pro '' performances against the home provinces in 2003 , 2004 and 2005 . On return to Ireland , Collins took up his role with the Munster Rugby Branch and was Head Coach of the Munster Youths during the 2006-2007 season . Collins worked with the IRFU High Performance Unit and assisted coaching on clinics with age grade players , and with the IRFU as a talent scout identifying future potential Irish players . He is currently the Senior Backs Coach at Greystones RFC who play in the Division 2 of the AIL . Currently Patrick is the head coach of Old Wesley under 20 's side , coaching Irish rugby prodigies such as Juergen Steinbach and Luke De Renzy", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65d28c5973354e3828725d1152a42ae9", "text": "All-America This article is about the concept in sports teams . For similarly-named articles , see All American . An All-America team is a hypothetical American sports team composed of outstanding amateur players . These players are broadly considered by media and other relevant commentators as the best players in a particular sport , of a specific season , for each team position . Such athletes at the high school and college level are given the honorific title and typically referred to as `` All-American athletes '' or simply `` All-Americans '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7289e26961c51e193c621f32c5bc40e", "text": "Bayside Yankees The Bayside Yankees is a traveling baseball team based out of the New York City area that comprises five teams consisting of players ranging in age from 12 to 18 years old . With a tradition rich of winning championships and producing top baseball talents , Bayside has built the reputation as one of the best amateur baseball organizations in the country and history of travel baseball . Thus , they have adopted for themselves the nickname , `` Aaaaaaamerica 's Team '' . Founder and head coach of the Senior Yankees , Marc Cuseta , has gained notoriety among all of baseball coaches by leading Bayside through numerous national championships and producing top level talents who extend to play college and professional baseball . He and his coaches recruit and accept top talent players from across the country who show a love for the game , setting their season to compete in prestigious national tournaments against the elite teams in the nation . Their goals are not only to win , but to further develop the players and allow them to gain as much exposure possible to college coaches , scouts and Major League Baseball . Many college programs and professional organizations , have frequently called upon Cuseta to send his highly talented players to their college and organization . In its history , Bayside Yankee players have earned scholarships to universities such as the University of Miami , Clemson University , Vanderbilt University , St. John 's University , Duke University , Wake Forest University , University of North Carolina , University of Arizona , Georgia Tech , University of Notre Dame , Oklahoma State , Florida State , Virginia Tech , University of Pittsburgh , Tulane University , University of Kentucky , and top junior colleges . Dozens of Bayside Yankee players have moved onto professional baseball careers . After finishing the 2012 summer season and going 1-2 in the Connie Mack World Series , Cuseta has 1,999 wins in amateur baseball . 2,000 should come relatively soon as the BY 's start their 2012 fall season . NABF NATIONAL CHAMPIONS 1983 , 1986 , 1992 , 1993 , 1994 , 1995 , 1996 , 1997 , 1998 , 2004 , 2005 , 2006 ( sophomore division ) , 2008 CABA SENIOR WORLD CHAMPIONS 1997 , 1998 , 1999 & 2003 NABF REGIONAL CHAMPIONS 1982 , 1983 , 1984 , 1986 , 1988 , 1989 , 1992 , 1993 , 1994 , 1995 , 1996 , 1997 , 1998 , 1999 , 2000 , 2002 , 2003 , 2004 , 2005 , & 2006 NEW YORK LIBERTY TOURNAMENT CHAMPIONS 1989 , 1992 , 1993 , 1994 , 1995 , 1996 , 1997 , 1998 , 1999 , 2000 , 2004 , 2005 , 2006 , & 2007 EAST COBB ( RAWLINGS / WORTH ) SUMMER CLASSIC CHAMPIONS 2005 ALABAMA BOMBERS SUMMER CLASSIC CHAMPIONS 2005 JOE GRACI MEMORIAL TOURNANMENT 1995 , 1996 , 1997 , 1998 , 1999 , 2000 , 2001 , 2002 , 2004 , 2005 , 2006 , & 2007 NEW YORK CITY FEDERATION CHAMPIONS 1984 , 1985 , 1986 , 1988 , 1989 , 1990 , 1991 & 1992 LONG ISLAND BASEBALL CONFERENCE CHAMPIONS 1982 , 1983 , 1984 , 1985 , 1986 , 1988 , 1989 , 1990 , 1991 , 1992 , 1993 , 1994 , 1995 , 1996 , 1997 , 1998 & 1999 BIG APPLE TOURNAMENT CHAMPIONS 1998 , 1992 & 1996 SUFFOLK COUNTY INVITATIONAL TOURNAMENT CHAMPIONS 1992 NABF JUNIOR MID ATLANTIC REGIONAL CHAMPIONS 1993 , 1994 , 2006 FABL SUFFOLK COUNTY CHAMPIONS 1994 , 1995 , 1996 , 2001 , & 2006 EAST COBB WOOD BAT TOURNAMENT CHAMPIONS 2000 NATIONAL JUNIOR BASEBALL LEAGUE CHAMPIONS ( ELITE WOOD BAT DIVISION CHAMPS ) 1997 , 1998 , 1999 , 2001 , 2002 , 2003 , 2004 , 2005 , & 2006 ATLANTIC COAST ELITE BASEBALL LEAGUE CHAMPIONS 2001 , 2002 & 2004 USA BASEBALL JUNIOR OLYMPIC SUPER SERIES CHAMPIONS 1993 AABC NORTH ATLANTIC REGIONAL CHAMPIONS ( CONNIE MACK ) 2003 SENIOR PREMIER NATIONAL ASSOCIATION NATIONAL CHAMPIONS 2006 , 2007 OSCEOLA COUNTY INVITATIONAL 16U 2007", "title": "" }, { "docid": "80387cd03bb54a876958aa4b65ff66b3", "text": "History of the New England Patriots The history of the New England Patriots began when Boston business executive William `` Billy '' Sullivan and Sullivan Brother Printers , owned by Joseph Sullivan , were awarded the eighth and final franchise of the developing American Football League ( AFL ) on November 16 , 1959 . The following winter , locals submitted thousands of ideas for the Boston football team 's official name . On February 20 , 1960 , Sullivan chose `` Boston Patriots '' , which was suggested by 74 fans , among them Larry Kepnes . Immediately thereafter , artist Phil Bissell developed the `` Pat Patriot '' logo . The Patriots ' time in the AFL saw them without a regular home stadium . Nickerson Field , Harvard Stadium , Fenway Park , and Alumni Stadium , all in or near Boston , served as home fields during their time in the American Football League . Early Patriots stars included defensive tackles Jim Lee `` Earthquake '' Hunt and Houston Antwine ; quarterback Vito `` Babe '' Parilli ; and flanker-placekicker Gino `` The Duke '' Cappelletti . Hunt , Parilli and Cappelletti played every year of the existence of the AFL , with Hunt and Cappelletti spending all ten years with the Patriots . Cappelletti was the all-time leading scorer in the AFL . Later the Patriots were joined by such stars as defensive end Larry Eisenhauer , fullback Jim Nance , and middle linebacker and future Hall of Famer Nick Buoniconti . Cappelletti and Nance were AFL Most Valuable Players , Cappelletti in 1964 and Nance in 1966 . Buoniconti and Antwine were later named to the American Football League All-Time Team . The Boston Patriots defeated the Buffalo Bills in an AFL Eastern Division playoff game in 1963 , and played in the 1963 AFL championship game , losing to the San Diego Chargers 51 -- 10 . Although they would not appear again in an AFL or NFL post-season game for another 13 years , in the AFL , the Patriots often challenged the dominant Bills for the Eastern Division title . When the NFL and AFL merged in 1970 , the Patriots were placed in the AFC East division , where they still play today . The following year , the Patriots moved to a new stadium in Foxborough , Massachusetts , a suburb of Boston , which would serve as their home for 30 years ; the team also changed their name to the New England Patriots to reflect the location change , as well as its following throughout the region as its only NFL team ( though both New York City teams have substantial followings in parts of Connecticut as well ) . During the 1970s , the Patriots had some success , earning a berth to the playoffs in 1976 -- as a wild card-berth -- and in 1978 -- as AFC East champions . They would lose both games . In 1985 , they returned to the playoffs , and made it all the way to Super Bowl XX , which they lost against the Chicago Bears 46 -- 10 . Following their Super Bowl loss , they returned to the playoffs in 1986 , but lost in the first round . The team would not make the playoffs again for eight more years . They changed ownership several times in that period , being purchased from the Sullivan family first by Victor Kiam in 1988 , who sold the team to James Orthwein in 1992 . Orthwein intended to move the team to his native St. Louis , Missouri , but sold the team two years later to current owner , local businessman Robert Kraft in 1994 . Though Orthwein 's period as owner was short and controversial , he did oversee major changes to the team . Former New York Giants coach Bill Parcells was hired in 1993 , and the drastic changes were made the same year to the Patriots uniforms , changing their primary colors from their traditional red and white to blue and silver , and introducing a new logo . Parcells would bring the Patriots to two playoff appearances , including Super Bowl XXXI , which they lost to the Green Bay Packers by a score of 35 -- 21 . Pete Carroll , Parcells ' successor , would also take the team to the playoffs twice . Bill Belichick , current head coach , was hired in 2000 , and a new home field , Gillette Stadium was opened in 2002 . Under Belichick , the team won three Super Bowls in four years , and finished the 2007 regular season with a perfect 16 -- 0 record , becoming only the fourth team in league history to go undefeated , and the only one since the league expanded its regular season schedule to 16 games ; however , they ended that season with an 18-1 record after their loss to the New York Giants in Super Bowl XLII . The Patriots have made the playoffs in 12 of the 15 seasons that Belichick has been coach , missing them only in 2000 ( his first season ) , 2002 , and 2008 . They later faced the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLIX on February 1 , 2015 , and won by a score of 28-24 . The Patriots defeated the Atlanta Falcons 34-28 in Super Bowl LI at NRG Stadium .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c2e141d85ed699e3a2107854586e206", "text": "St. Lawrence Saints The St. Lawrence Saints are composed of 33 teams representing St. Lawrence University in intercollegiate athletics , including men and women 's alpine skiing , basketball , cross country , golf , ice hockey , lacrosse , nordic skiing , riding , rowing , soccer , squash , swimming , tennis , and track and field . Men 's sports include baseball and football . Women 's sports include field hockey , softball , and volleyball . The Saints compete in the NCAA Division III and are members of the Liberty League for all sports except ice hockey , which competes in NCAA Division I , as a member of ECAC Hockey .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "74c200cd5554534b74ddc72869f441f6", "text": "John F. Kennedy John Fitzgerald `` Jack '' Kennedy ( May 29 , 1917 -- November 22 , 1963 ) , commonly referred to by his initials JFK , was an American politician who served as the 35th President of the United States from January 1961 until his assassination in November 1963 . Kennedy served at the height of the Cold War , and much of his presidency focused on managing relations with the Soviet Union . He was a member of the Democratic Party who represented Massachusetts in the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate prior to becoming president . Kennedy was born in Brookline , Massachusetts to Joseph P. Kennedy , Sr. and Rose Kennedy . A scion of the Kennedy family , he graduated from Harvard University in 1940 before joining the United States Naval Reserve the following year . During World War II , Kennedy commanded a series of PT boats in the Pacific theater and earned the Navy and Marine Corps Medal for his service . After the war , Kennedy represented Massachusetts 's 11th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1947 until 1953 . He was subsequently elected to the U.S. Senate and served as the junior Senator from Massachusetts from 1953 until 1960 . While serving in the Senate , he published Profiles in Courage , which won the Pulitzer Prize for Biography . In the 1960 presidential election , Kennedy narrowly defeated Republican opponent Richard Nixon , who was the incumbent Vice President . Kennedy 's time in office was marked by high tensions with Communist states in the Cold War . He increased the number of American military advisers in South Vietnam by a factor of 18 over President Dwight D. Eisenhower . In April 1961 , he authorized a failed joint-CIA attempt to overthrow the Cuban government of Fidel Castro in the Bay of Pigs Invasion . He subsequently rejected plans by the Joint Chiefs of Staff to orchestrate false-flag attacks on American soil in order to gain public approval for a war against Cuba . In October 1962 , U.S. spy planes discovered that Soviet missile bases had been deployed in Cuba ; the resulting period of tensions , termed the Cuban Missile Crisis , nearly resulted in the breakout of a global thermonuclear conflict . Domestically , Kennedy presided over the establishment of the Peace Corps and supported the Civil Rights Movement , but he was largely unsuccessful in passing his New Frontier domestic policies . Kennedy continues to rank highly in historians ' polls of U.S. presidents and with the general public . His average approval rating of 70 % is the highest of any president in Gallup 's history of systematically measuring job approval . On November 22 , 1963 , Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas , Texas . Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested for the crime , but he was never prosecuted due to his murder by Jack Ruby two days later . Pursuant to the Presidential Succession Act , Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson was sworn in as president later that day . The FBI and the Warren Commission officially concluded that Oswald was the lone assassin , but various groups believed that Kennedy was the victim of a conspiracy . After Kennedy 's death , many of his proposals were enacted , including the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Revenue Act of 1964 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c798ee8225f79ab7b53d30338c4c95ad", "text": "United States presidential election, 1992 The United States presidential election of 1992 was the 52nd quadrennial presidential election . It was held on Tuesday , November 3 , 1992 . There were three major candidates : Incumbent Republican President George H. W. Bush , Democratic Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton , and independent Texas businessman Ross Perot . Bush had alienated much of his conservative base by breaking his 1988 campaign pledge against raising taxes . The economy was in recession and Bush 's perceived greatest strength , foreign policy , was regarded as much less important following the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the relatively peaceful climate in the Middle East after the defeat of Iraq in the Gulf War . Clinton won a plurality in the popular vote , and a wide Electoral College margin . The election was a significant realigning election after three consecutive Republican landslides . Northeastern , Upper Midwest , and West Coast states which had previously been competitive began voting reliably Democratic . As of 2016 , this is the most recent election in which an incumbent president was unseated , the previous one having been the 1980 election in which Ronald Reagan unseated then-incumbent Jimmy Carter . Perot 's campaign took 18.9 % of the vote , finishing second in Maine and Utah . This was noted for being the highest vote share of a third-party candidate since 1912 , though he did not obtain any electoral votes . As of 2017 , this is the last time Georgia and Montana voted for the Democratic candidate , and the last time the state of Florida was on the losing end of the presidential election .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3545711a2cc397152d720dce6c11dfee", "text": "John McCain presidential campaign, 2000 The 2000 presidential campaign of John McCain , the United States Senator from Arizona , began in September 1999 . He announced his run for the Republican Party nomination for the presidency of the United States in the 2000 presidential election . McCain was the main challenger to Texas Governor George W. Bush , who had the political and financial support of most of the party establishment . McCain staged an upset win in the February 2000 New Hampshire primary , capitalizing on a message of political reform and `` straight talk '' that appealed to moderate Republican and independent voters and to the press . McCain 's momentum was halted when Bush won the South Carolina primary later that month , in a contest that became famous for its bitter nature and an underground smear campaign run against McCain . McCain won some subsequent primaries , but after the March 2000 Super Tuesday contests he was well behind in delegates and withdrew . He grudgingly endorsed Bush two months later and made occasional appearances for him during the general election .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85580c4c74626b19bc405d53afad7f53", "text": "Electoral history of Barry Goldwater Electoral history of Barry Goldwater , United States Senator from Arizona ( 1953-1965 , 1969-1987 ) and Republican Party nominee for President of the United States during 1964 election Phoenix City Council , At-large district , 1949 : Elected : Barry Goldwater - 16,405 ( 17.34 % ) Harry Rosenzweig - 14,887 ( 15.73 % ) Margaret B. Kober - 14,498 ( 15.32 % ) Frank G. Murphy - 13,598 ( 14.37 % ) Charles N. Walters - 12,838 ( 13.57 % ) Hohen Foster - 12,556 ( 13.27 % ) Defeated : Rocky Ford - 4,678 ( 4.94 % ) Tony Grosso - 3,000 ( 3.17 % ) James H. Kerby - 2,177 ( 2.30 % ) Phoenix City Council , At-large district , 1951 : Elected : Hohen Foster ( inc. . ) Barry Goldwater ( inc. . ) Margaret B. Kober ( inc. . ) Frank G. Murphy ( inc. . ) Harry Rosenzweig ( inc. . ) Charles N. Walters ( inc. . ) Defeated : A.J. Beaty Guz Rodriguez Charles Romaine Calvin R. Sanders John W. Strode James A. Tilley , Sr. . Republican primary for the United States Senator ( class 1 ) from Arizona , 1952 : Barry Goldwater - 33,460 ( 91.03 % ) Lester K. Kahl - 3,297 ( 8.97 % ) United States Senate election in Arizona , 1952 : Barry Goldwater ( R ) - 132,063 ( 51.31 % ) Ernest McFarland ( D ) ( inc. ) - 125,338 ( 48.69 % ) United States Senate election in Arizona , 1958 : Barry Goldwater ( R ) ( inc. ) - 164,593 ( 56.06 % ) Ernest McFarland ( D ) - 129,030 ( 43.94 % ) 1960 Republican presidential primaries : Richard Nixon - 4,975,938 ( 86.63 % ) Unpledged - 314,234 ( 5.47 % ) George H. Bender - 211,090 ( 3.68 % ) Cecil H. Underwood - 123,756 ( 2.16 % ) James M. Lloyd - 48,461 ( 0.84 % ) Nelson Rockefeller - 30,639 ( 0.53 % ) Frank R. Beckwith - 19,677 ( 0.34 % ) John F. Kennedy - 12,817 ( 0.22 % ) Barry Goldwater - 3,146 ( 0.06 % ) Paul C. Fisher - 3,146 ( 0.06 % ) Henry Cabot Lodge , Jr. - 514 ( 0.01 % ) Dwight D. Eisenhower ( inc. ) - 172 ( 0.00 % ) Styles Bridges - 108 ( 0.00 % ) 1960 Republican National Convention ( presidential tally ) : Richard Nixon - 1,321 ( 99.25 % ) Barry Goldwater - 10 ( 0.75 % ) United States presidential election , 1960 : John F. Kennedy/Lyndon B. Johnson ( D ) - 34,220,984 ( 49.7 % ) and 303 electoral votes ( 22 states carried ) Richard Nixon/Henry Cabot Lodge , Jr. ( R ) - 34,108,157 ( 49.6 % ) and 219 electoral votes ( 27 states carried ) Harry F. Byrd/Strom Thurmond ( I ) - 286,359 ( 0.4 % ) and 14 electoral votes ( 2 states carried ) Harry F. Byrd/Barry Goldwater ( I ) - 1 electoral vote ( Oklahoma faithless elector ) Orval Faubus/John G. Crommelin ( National States ' Rights ) - 44,984 ( 0.1 % ) Charles L. Sullivan/Merritt Curtis ( CST ) - 18,162 ( 0.0 % ) 1964 Republican presidential primaries : Barry Goldwater - 2,267,079 ( 38.33 % ) Nelson Rockefeller - 1,304,204 ( 22.05 % ) James A. Rhodes - 615,754 ( 10.41 % ) Henry Cabot Lodge , Jr. - 386,661 ( 6.54 % ) John W. Byrnes - 299,612 ( 5.07 % ) William Scranton - 245,401 ( 4.15 % ) Margaret Chase Smith - 227,007 ( 3.84 % ) Richard Nixon - 197,212 ( 3.33 % ) Unpledged - 173,652 ( 2.94 % ) Harold Stassen - 114,083 ( 1.93 % ) 1964 Republican National Convention ( presidential tally ) : Barry Goldwater - 883 ( 67.51 % ) William Scranton - 214 ( 16.36 % ) Nelson Rockefeller - 114 ( 8.72 % ) George W. Romney - 41 ( 3.14 % ) Margaret Chase Smith - 27 ( 2.06 % ) Walter Judd - 22 ( 1.68 % ) Hiram Fong - 5 ( 0.38 % ) Henry Cabot Lodge , Jr. - 2 ( 0.15 % ) United States presidential election , 1964 : Lyndon B. Johnson/Hubert Humphrey ( D ) - 43,127,041 ( 61.1 % ) and 486 electoral votes ( 44 states and D.C. carried ) Barry Goldwater/William E. Miller ( R ) - 27,175,754 ( 38.5 % ) and 52 electoral votes ( 6 states carried ) Unpledged electors ( D ) - 210,732 ( 0.3 % ) United States Senate election in Arizona , 1968 : Barry Goldwater ( R ) - 274,607 ( 57.22 % ) Roy Elson ( D ) - 205,338 ( 42.78 % ) United States Senate election in Arizona , 1974 : Barry Goldwater ( R ) ( inc. ) - 320,396 ( 58.26 % ) Jonathan Marshall ( D ) - 229,523 ( 41.74 % ) United States Senate election in Arizona , 1980 : Barry Goldwater ( R ) ( inc. ) - 432,371 ( 49.46 % ) Bill Schultz ( D ) - 422,972 ( 48.38 % ) Fred R. Esser ( Libertarian ) - 12,008 ( 1.37 % ) Lorenzo Torrez ( People over Politics ) - 3,608 ( 0.41 % ) Josefina Otero ( Socialist Workers ) - 3,266 ( 0.37 % )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "573d9b24e8cb9d8347ef5de04bef6cac", "text": "Richard Nixon Foundation The Richard Nixon Foundation is a not-for-profit organization based at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum in Yorba Linda , California . It was founded in the late 1980s by Richard Nixon , 37th President of the United States , and served as the governing body of the Nixon Library for nearly twenty years . Today it operates the Nixon Library in conjunction with the National Archives and Records Administration , which is an entity of the federal government of the United States , in addition to undertaking charitable and education-based activities . The Nixon Foundation founded , controlled and operated the Nixon Library from the library 's dedication on July 19 , 1990 until July 11 , 2007 , at which the Foundation invited the National Archives to take control . The two entities signed a joint operating agreement which allowed the library to become officially known as the Richard Nixon Presidential Library , welcoming it into the national system of presidential libraries . This move allowed President Nixon 's White House documents to be moved to his library in Yorba Linda . The Nixon Foundation is governed by a Board of Directors , led by former Nixon White House Director of Presidential Advance Ronald H. Walker . The board includes President Nixon 's daughters Tricia Nixon Cox and Julie Nixon Eisenhower , his brother Edward Nixon , former Ambassador George Argyros former California Governor Pete Wilson , and longest-serving Vietnam War POW Everett Alvarez , Jr. . The Foundation 's President and CEO is William Baribault . The Foundation has hosted United States presidents , first ladies and several vice presidents . Also hosted have been public affairs commentators such as Bill O'Reilly , academics such as Doris Kearns Goodwin , and Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer . The library includes `` Meet the Presidents , '' in which presidential impersonators speak to several hundred school-aged children . To commemorate the 10th anniversary of the September 11 , 2001 attacks , the Nixon Foundation brought 16 tons of warped steel from the World Trade Center and a damaged , first-responder FDNY firetruck to the Nixon Library for viewing . Before the National Archives took over its management , the Nixon Library had been accused by several media outlets of glossing over Nixon 's 1974 resignation with `` whitewashed '' exhibits . In 2007 , the National Archives removed the 17 year old Watergate exhibit and , after three years , the new exhibit was scheduled to open in July 2010 . The Nixon Foundation objected to the proposed exhibit , because the Nixon Foundation was not consulted in the way that other presidential foundations had been consulted with similar situations . The Foundation filed a 158 page memorandum to the Assistant Archivist for Presidential Libraries expressing their dissatisfaction and NARA stated a committee would review the objection but gave no timeline for when that process would be concluded . The exhibit opened on March 31 , 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "41110c55c3ff761f51a9bb721bcbdf1f", "text": "Presidency of William McKinley The presidency of William McKinley began on March 4 , 1897 at noon Eastern Standard Time , when William McKinley was inaugurated as President of the United States , and ended on September 14 , 1901 , upon his assassination and death , days into his second term . McKinley , a Republican , was succeeded by Vice President Theodore Roosevelt . The 25th United States president , he took office following the 1896 presidential election , in which he defeated Democrat William Jennings Bryan , after a front-porch campaign in which he advocated `` sound money '' , promised that high tariffs would restore prosperity , and denounced Bryan 's radicalism and class warfare . He defeated Bryan again in the 1900 presidential election , in a campaign focused on imperialism , protectionism , and free silver . McKinley 's presidency marked the beginning of an era in American political history from the mid -- 1890s to 1932 that was generally dominated by the Republican Party . McKinley led the nation to victory in the Spanish -- American War , took ownership of Hawaii , the Philippines and Puerto Rico , restored prosperity , promoted pluralism among all groups , raised protective tariffs to promote American industry , and maintained the nation on the gold standard in a rejection of inflationary proposals . Rapid economic growth marked his presidency . He promoted the 1897 Dingley Tariff to protect manufacturers and factory workers from foreign competition , and in 1900 , he secured the passage of the Gold Standard Act . McKinley hoped to persuade Spain to grant independence to rebellious Cuba without conflict , but when negotiation failed , he led the nation in the Spanish -- American War of 1898 ; the U.S. victory was quick and decisive . As part of the peace settlement , Spain turned over to the United States its main overseas colonies of Puerto Rico , Guam , and the Philippines ; Cuba was promised independence , but for a time remained under the control of the U.S. Army . The United States annexed the independent Republic of Hawaii in 1898 and it became a U.S. territory . As an innovator of American interventionism and pro-business sentiment , McKinley 's presidency is generally ranked above average . Historian Lewis L. Gould argues that McKinley was effective in domestic and foreign affairs and was `` the first modern president '' :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "338e014d5461ab655a9d56711bd2fa25", "text": "Democrats for Nixon Democrats for Nixon was a campaign to promote Democratic support for the then-incumbent Republican President Richard Nixon in the 1972 presidential election . The campaign was led by the former Democratic governor of Texas , John Connally . Connally , who was serving as the United States Secretary of the Treasury , announced that he would be supporting Nixon for re-election and would spend his time until the elections working on behalf of the incumbent . A Democrat who had been Governor of Texas and United States Secretary of the Navy under John F. Kennedy , Connally formally announced the formation of the organization in August 1972 . Polling cited by Connally indicated that as many as 20 million Democrats would cross over to vote for Nixon and invited `` all those millions of Democrats who realize that in this Presidential election President Nixon is simply the better choice '' . Connally stated that he was troubled by Senator George McGovern 's campaign and felt that the Democratic party `` is becoming an ideological machine closed to millions who have been the party 's most loyal and steadfast members '' under McGovern 's leadership . The committee included Mayor Beverly Briley of Nashville , Tennessee , former Governor of Florida Farris Bryant , Mayor of Boston John F. Collins , Mayor Thomas G. Dunn of Elizabeth , New Jersey , Teamsters president Frank Fitzsimmons , Governor of Virginia Mills E. Godwin , Jr. , Mayor of Miami , Florida David T. Kennedy and Leonard Marks who had previously headed the United States Information Agency . A fundraising target of as much as $ 3 million was set for the organization . Connally also announced that Jeno Paulucci , a frozen food distributor who had been closely involved as a fundraiser for Hubert H. Humphrey in his presidential bids , would serve as head of a group encouraging independent voters to choose Nixon . In a September 1972 article in The New York Times , Connally was quoted as saying that increasing numbers of traditionally Democratic voters were leaving the fold because they `` are afraid of George McGovern '' because of his proposals for major cutbacks in defense spending and in the number of U.S. troops serving in Europe . Connally insisted that `` it is in the best interests of this country that the president be re-elected this year '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45d303b1791511efbded809b36d6c2eb", "text": "United States presidential election in Michigan, 1972 The 1972 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 7 , 1972 , as part of the 1972 United States presidential election . Michigan voters chose twenty-one representatives , or electors , to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Michigan was won by incumbent President Richard Nixon ( R -- California ) , with 62.07 % of the popular vote , against George McGovern ( D -- South Dakota ) , with 35.79 % of the popular vote . John G. Schmitz was the only other candidate on the ballot , and , as the candidate for the American Independent Party , he received over 63,000 votes . Delta , Lake , Washtenaw , and Wayne counties were the only four of Michigan 's 83 counties to vote for McGovern .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a349f7c05e3f4eaa4efad3b2a68f2e49", "text": "1952 Republican National Convention The 1952 Republican National Convention was held at the International Amphitheatre in Chicago , Cook County , Illinois from July 7 to July 11 , 1952 , and nominated the popular general and war hero Dwight D. Eisenhower of Kansas , nicknamed `` Ike , '' for president and the anti-communist crusading Senator from California , Richard M. Nixon , for vice president . The Republican platform pledged to end the unpopular war in Korea , supported the development of nuclear weapons as a deterrence strategy , to fire all `` the loafers , incompetents and unnecessary employees '' at the State Department , condemned the Roosevelt and Truman administrations ' economic policies , supported retention of the Taft-Hartley Act , opposed `` discrimination against race , religion or national origin '' , supported `` Federal action toward the elimination of lynching '' , and pledged to bring an end to communist subversion in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d0451023df491bbb0fb4292d46562164", "text": "United States presidential election in Utah, 1964 The 1964 United States presidential election in Utah took place on November 3 , 1964 , as part of the 1964 United States presidential election . Utah voters chose four representatives , or electors , to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Utah was won by incumbent President Lyndon B. Johnson ( D -- Texas ) , with 54.86 % of the popular vote , against Senator Barry Goldwater ( R -- Arizona ) , with 45.14 % of the popular vote .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c0432c1a093721a057a2051ff77b853", "text": "Presidency of John F. Kennedy The presidency of John F. Kennedy began on January 20 , 1961 , when he was inaugurated as the 35th President of the United States , and ended on November 22 , 1963 , upon his assassination and death , a span of days . A Democrat , he took office following the 1960 presidential election , in which he narrowly defeated Richard Nixon . He was succeeded by Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson . Kennedy was the first person born in the 20th century to be elected president , and , at age 43 , the youngest person elected to the office . He was also the first Roman Catholic elected to the presidency . Kennedy played an important role in bringing American politics into the modern communications age , as his use of television provided a campaign model that spoke to voters directly , and his media presidency greatly weakened the power of political machines in party politics . Kennedy 's time in office was marked by Cold War tensions with the Soviet Union and especially with Cuba . In Cuba , a failed attempt was made in April 1961 at the Bay of Pigs to overthrow the government of Fidel Castro . Kennedy 's administration subsequently rejected plans by the Joint Chiefs of Staff to orchestrate false-flag attacks on American soil in order to gain public approval for a war against Cuba . In October 1962 , it was discovered that Soviet ballistic missiles had been deployed in Cuba ; the resulting period of unease , termed the Cuban Missile Crisis , is seen by many historians as the closest the human race has ever come to nuclear war between nuclear-armed belligerents . To contain Communist expansion in Asia , Kennedy increased the number of American military advisers in South Vietnam by a factor of 18 over his predecessor , Dwight D. Eisenhower ; a further escalation of the American role in the Vietnam War took place after Kennedy 's death . In domestic politics Kennedy made bold proposals in his New Frontier agenda , but few were passed by Congress . He did establish of the Peace Corps , and intensify the Space Race . Kennedy took steps to support the Civil Rights Movement , and after his death his proposed civil rights bill was passed as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "223eb3f339914fcde3a718cc844891c9", "text": "Nixon goes to China The phrase `` Nixon goes to China '' , `` Nixon to China '' , or `` Nixon in China '' is a historical reference to United States President Richard Nixon 's 1972 visit to the People 's Republic of China , where he met with Chairman Mao Zedong . The metaphor is often expressed as the observation `` Only Nixon could go to China '' or `` It took Nixon to go to China '' . As a political metaphor , it refers to the ability of a politician with an unassailable reputation among his or her supporters for representing and defending their values to take actions that would draw their criticism and even opposition if taken by someone without those credentials . Although the example is that of a hardliner taking steps toward peace with a traditional enemy , and this is the most common application of the metaphor , it could also be applied to a reputedly cautious diplomat defying expectations by taking military action , or a political leader reforming aspects of the political system of which they have been strong supporters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ea974184c04f5ee2f9ce2de1044b075", "text": "United States presidential election in Massachusetts, 1960 The 1960 United States presidential election in Massachusetts took place on November 8 , 1960 as part of the 1960 United States presidential election , which was held throughout all 50 states . Voters chose 16 representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Massachusetts voted overwhelmingly for the Democratic nominee , Senator John F. Kennedy of Massachusetts , over the Republican nominee , Vice President Richard Nixon of California . Kennedy ran with Senate Majority Leader Lyndon B. Johnson of Texas , while Nixon 's running mate was Ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge , Jr. of Massachusetts . Kennedy carried his home state of Massachusetts in a landslide , taking 60.22 % of the vote to Nixon 's 39.55 % , a Democratic victory margin of 20.67 % . This made it the third most Democratic state in the nation , after Rhode Island and Georgia . As Kennedy narrowly defeated Nixon nationally to win the presidency , Massachusetts weighed in for this election as about 21 % more Democratic than the national average . Massachusetts had been a Democratic-leaning state since 1928 , when the Democratic Party had nominated the first Roman Catholic nominee for president , Al Smith . While Smith lost nationally in a landslide , partially due to anti-Catholic prejudice in much of the country , he won Massachusetts due to the massive turnout and support of the many Irish Catholics in the state . In 1960 , John F. Kennedy would be the second Roman Catholic to be nominated for president by a major party , and again his religion became an issue in some regions of the country . However , there was little doubt that Kennedy , an Irish Catholic born in Brookline , Massachusetts , would be able to carry Massachusetts in his presidential run . Prior to 1960 , Massachusetts had been a swing state , having voted for Democrats Franklin Roosevelt and Harry Truman in the 1930s and 1940s , but voting for Republican Dwight Eisenhower in the 1950s . In 1956 , Eisenhower had carried the state by 19 points . The 21 point margin by which Kennedy won the state four years later thus represented a massive 40 point swing toward the Democrats between the 1956 and 1960 elections . Kennedy 's landslide victory in 1960 finally solidified the transformation of Massachusetts into a Democratic stronghold in the modern era . 1960 was the first election ever in which a Democrat had broken 60 % of the vote in Massachusetts , and thus Kennedy 's 60.22 % was the highest percentage of the vote any Democrat had ever received in the state up to that point . Religion was a major dividing factor in shaping the vote in 1960 . Nixon 's running mate , Henry Cabot Lodge , was also from Massachusetts , and had served the state as a Republican Senator , but was a Protestant , and represented traditional Protestant Yankee Republicanism in Massachusetts . Kennedy , an Irish Catholic Democrat , represented an entirely different strain of Massachusetts politics , the emerging majority coalition of urban and ethnic immigrant voters . In 1952 , Kennedy had first defeated Lodge to take the latter 's U.S. Senate seat , symbolizing this new Democratic coalition 's rise in the state . The residual Yankee Republicanism combined with the popularity of the Republican incumbent Eisenhower allowed Nixon to take a decent 39.55 % of the vote , but by 1960 , the ethnic Catholic vote held a decisive majority in Massachusetts , and turnout among Catholic voters reached record highs in 1960 . Kennedy carried nine of the state 's fourteen counties , including the most heavily populated parts of the state surrounding the large cities of Boston , Worcester , and Springfield . Nixon carried only five counties , three of them island or peninsula counties . Nixon 's most significant win was Plymouth County , which he won narrowly with 51 percent of the vote . Kennedy put in an historically strong performance in the state 's capital and largest city , Boston , home to many Catholics of Irish and Italian immigrant heritage . In Suffolk County , where Boston is located , Kennedy won a landslide with 74.4 percent of the vote to Nixon 's 25 percent , the first time in history that a presidential candidate had received more than 70 percent of the vote in the county . Kennedy was also the first Democrat to carry Norfolk County since Martin van Buren in 1836 . The decisive Democratic win in 1960 would foreshadow the political direction Massachusetts would take in the years to come , as it would become one of the most Democratic states in the nation in the elections that followed . In 1964 and 1968 , Democrats would even outperform Kennedy , and in 1972 it would be the only state in the nation to vote for Democrat George McGovern , ultimately making it the only state that Richard Nixon would never win in any of his three presidential campaigns . The 1960 election was also the last time a candidate who declared Massachusetts as his home state won the presidency regardless of his performance in the state . The next three presidential candidates whose home state was Massachusetts , Michael Dukakis , John Kerry , and Mitt Romney , all lost their presidential bids .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "91e39250ee4a4c2e4c94f6ca34e3f9a5", "text": "Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy On June 5 , 1968 , presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy was fatally shot at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles , shortly after winning the California presidential primaries in the 1968 election , and died the next day while hospitalized . After winning the California and South Dakota primary elections for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States , Kennedy was fatally shot while exiting through the hotel kitchen immediately after leaving the podium in the Ambassador Hotel and died in the Good Samaritan Hospital twenty-six hours later . Sirhan Sirhan , a 24-year-old Palestinian/Jordanian immigrant , was convicted of Kennedy 's murder and sentenced to death in 1969 , although his sentence was commuted to life in prison in 1972 . On November 22 , 2013 , Sirhan was transferred from Corcoran to the Richard J. Donovan Correctional Facility in San Diego County . The shooting was recorded on audio tape by a freelance newspaper reporter , and the aftermath was captured on film . Kennedy 's body lay in repose at St. Patrick 's Cathedral in New York for two days before a funeral Mass was held on June 8 . His body was interred near his brother John at Arlington National Cemetery . His death prompted the protection of presidential candidates by the United States Secret Service . Hubert Humphrey later went on to win the Democratic nomination for the presidency , but ultimately lost the election to Republican Richard Nixon . As with his brother John 's death , Kennedy 's assassination and the circumstances surrounding it have spawned a variety of conspiracy theories . Kennedy and Huey Long ( in 1935 ) are the only two sitting United States Senators to be assassinated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56ee20fb2b802ff98050e78dbf94a151", "text": "JFK in Ireland JFK in Ireland : Four Days That Changed a President is the title of the first book written by Irish broadcaster Ryan Tubridy . Released in the UK in 2010 , and by Lyons Press in the US in 2011 , it is a profile of President of the United States John F. Kennedy 's 1963 visit to Ireland . A spokesperson for Eason & Son was reported to have called it `` one of the most highly anticipated literary events of the year '' . Tubridy was exempted from paying income tax on his work , leading to criticism from politicians and the media . The broadcaster said he would send copies of the book to both the Kennedy family and the White House . The book contains photographs of Kennedy 's visit . A documentary , JFK : A Homecoming , by Ryan Tubridy was broadcast on RTÉ One prior to the book 's release . Bernice Harrison , reviewing the week 's television in The Irish Times , commented : `` The timing of this history documentary -- not the usual bank-holiday viewing , not an anniversary of the visit , no new revelations -- was peculiar until you noted that RTÉ 's star presenter has a book coming out this week about the JFK visit . Nice publicity if you can get it '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b8467a9b74834e22dc038a73cd929cd", "text": "Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1980 The 1980 Democratic presidential primaries were the selection process by which voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for President of the United States in the 1980 U.S. presidential election . Incumbent President Jimmy Carter was again selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 1980 Democratic National Convention held from August 11 to August 14 , 1980 , in New York City . It is notable for being the last time that an incumbent president lost a state 's presidential primary .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "033a0c3f40eb1d28b96b26f66adb3cf8", "text": "United States presidential election in New York, 1980 The 1980 United States presidential election in New York took place on November 4 , 1980 . All 50 states and The District of Columbia , were part of the 1980 United States presidential election . New York voters chose forty one electors to the Electoral College , which voted for President and Vice President . New York was won by former California Governor Ronald Reagan , in a narrow victory against President of the United States Jimmy Carter , who failed to gain reelection against Reagan . Also in the running was Independent candidate Congressman John B. Anderson of Illinois , who ran in New York as the Liberal Party candidate . Reagan won the state with a plurality of 46.66 % of the vote to Carter 's 43.99 % , a margin of 2.67 % . Anderson finished in third with 7.54 % . New York 's election results reflect the Republican Party 's re-consolidation of base under what is popularly called the `` Reagan Revolution , '' which sounded various overwhelming conservative electoral victories across the United States throughout the 1980s - and most evidently against the relatively unpopular President Carter during the 1980 presidential election . New York weighed in for this election as more Democratic than the national average by about 7 % . This election is notable in that , while the highly populated regions of New York City , Buffalo , and Albany turned out for Carter , the election in the state was tipped by the majority of less-populated upstate counties , combined with heavily populated suburban counties around NYC , most of which were won by Reagan . Carter actually picked up plurality wins in 2 counties which he had lost in 1976 : Monroe County , home to the city of Rochester , and Niagara County . A major contributing factor to Reagan 's victory over Carter was the relatively strong third party showing by independent candidate John B. Anderson , a former liberal Republican congressman who garnered 8 % of the vote in the State - twice the 4 % margin by which Carter had won New York in 1976 . Running on the ballot line of New York 's Liberal Party , Anderson attracted the votes of many liberals and moderates who normally leaned Democratic but were dissatisfied with the policies of the Carter Administration , thus splitting the left-leaning vote in New York State . In the heavily populated , and very liberal , 5 boroughs of New York City , Carter still won overall , and Reagan made only modest gains in vote share over Gerald Ford 's 1976 showing of 33 % , taking 37 % in the city in 1980 . However , although still winning 4 out of 5 boroughs , Carter bled a massive amount of support in the city to Anderson , dropping from 66 % in 1976 to only 55 % in 1980 . Since Democratic victories in New York State in that era depended on running up massive margins in New York City to overcome the rest of the state 's Republican lean , the reduced margin in the city from vote-splitting would prove fatal to Carter 's chances of winning the state in 1980 . While Reagan only bled about 1 % of Republican base support in the state ( winning a plurality in a 3-way-race with 46.66 % while Gerald Ford had lost the state in a two-man race with 47.52 % in 1976 ) , Carter bled nearly 8 % of his 1976 support , falling from a 51.95 % majority win in 1976 to a losing 43.99 % in 1980 , most of those lost Democratic base votes going to Anderson instead . This remains the last election in which a Republican presidential nominee has won Tompkins County in upstate New York , home to the college town of Ithaca , where Cornell University and Ithaca College are located . Reagan narrowly won the county with a plurality of 42 % to Carter 's 40 % , while Anderson took nearly 14 % , making it Anderson 's strongest county in the state . In 1984 , Tompkins County would vote against Reagan and in the following years it would become the most Democratic county in upstate New York , giving Barack Obama over 70 % of the vote in 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ff1a18d053d197b9dc43b5f4b0469ac", "text": "Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection, 1968 This article lists those who were potential candidates for the Republican nomination for Vice President of the United States in the 1968 election . After winning the Republican presidential nomination at the 1968 Republican National Convention , former Vice President Richard Nixon convened a series of meetings with close advisers and party leaders such as Strom Thurmond in order to choose his running mate . Nixon ultimately asked the convention to nominate Maryland Governor Spiro Agnew as his running mate . By a large margin , Agnew won the vice presidential nomination on the first ballot over Michigan Governor George W. Romney , who was supported by a faction of liberal Republicans . Nixon chose Agnew because he wanted a centrist who was broadly acceptable to the party , had experience with domestic issues , and appealed to Southern voters ( to counter the third party candidacy of former Alabama Governor George Wallace ) . The Nixon-Agnew ticket defeated the Humphrey-Muskie ticket , and also won re-election in 1972 , defeating the McGovern-Shriver ticket . However , Agnew was forced to resign as Vice President in 1973 due to a controversy regarding his personal taxes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bd7e7a8ddfd77a121be305f10f35bac", "text": "Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1964 The 1964 Democratic presidential primaries were the selection process by which voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for President of the United States in the 1964 U.S. presidential election . Incumbent President Lyndon B. Johnson was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 1964 Democratic National Convention held from August 24 to August 27 , 1964 , in Atlantic City , New Jersey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "334023e806946ea13029bda3fed2a3ae", "text": "The Selling of the President 1968 The Selling of the President 1968 is a non-fiction book written by American author Joe McGinniss and published by Trident Press in October , 1969 . The book describes the marketing of Richard Nixon during the 1968 presidential campaign . It has been described as `` a classic of political journalism '' and a `` classic of campaign reporting that first introduced many readers to the stage-managed world of political theater . '' It was reprinted in 1988 under the title The Selling of the President . McGinniss became an overnight success when the book , his first , landed on The New York Times bestseller list . He was 26 years old , making him the youngest living writer with that achievement . The book was on the New York Times non-fiction bestseller list for 31 weeks from October 1969 to May 1970 . The idea for the book came to McGinniss almost serendipitously : -LSB- He -RSB- stumbled across his book 's topic while taking a train to New York . A fellow commuter had just landed the Hubert Humphrey account and was boasting that ` in six weeks we 'll have him looking better than Abraham Lincoln . ' McGinniss tried to get access to Humphrey 's campaign first , but they turned him down . So he called up Nixon 's , and they said yes . '' . The book was very well received by both critics and the public . It `` spent more than six months on best-sellers lists , and McGinniss sold a lot of those books through television , appearing on the titular shows of Merv Griffin , David Frost and Dick Cavett , among others . '' Conservative writer William F. Buckley `` assumed McGinniss had relied on ` an elaborate deception which has brought joy and hope to the Nixon-haters . ' But even Buckley liked the book . '' In 1972 , the book was adapted into a short-lived Broadway musical .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "129e9cf5d678fe17d3d655e57e026899", "text": "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt The presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt began on March 4 , 1933 , when he was inaugurated as the 32nd President of the United States , and ended upon his death on April 12 , 1945 , a span of ( 4422 days ) . Roosevelt assumed the presidency in the midst of the Great Depression . Starting with his landslide victory over Republican President Herbert Hoover in the 1932 election . He won a record four presidential terms , and became a central figure in world affairs during World War II . His program for relief , recovery and reform , known as the New Deal , involved a great expansion of the role of the federal government in the economy . Under his steady leadership , the Democratic Party built a `` New Deal Coalition '' of labor unions , big city machines , white ethnics , African Americans , and rural white Southerners , that would significantly realign American politics for the next several decades in the Fifth Party System and also define modern American liberalism . During his first hundred days in office , Roosevelt spearheaded unprecedented major legislation and issued a profusion of executive orders that instituted the New Deal -- a variety of programs designed to produce relief ( government jobs for the unemployed ) , recovery ( economic growth ) , and reform ( through regulation of Wall Street , banks and transportation ) . He created numerous programs to support the unemployed and farmers , and to encourage labor union growth while more closely regulating business and high finance . The repeal of Prohibition in 1933 added to his popularity , helping him win re-election by a landslide in 1936 . The economy improved rapidly from 1933 to 1937 , but then relapsed into a deep recession in 1937 -- 38 . The bipartisan Conservative Coalition that formed in 1937 prevented his attempted packing of the Supreme Court , and blocked most of his legislative proposals , aside from the Fair Labor Standards Act . When the war began and unemployment largely became a non-issue , conservatives in Congress repealed the two major relief programs , the WPA and CCC , but kept most of the regulations on business . Along with several smaller programs , major surviving programs from the New Deal include the Securities and Exchange Commission , the Wagner Act , the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation , and Social Security . A potential worldwide war loomed after 1937 , with the Japanese invasion of China and the aggression of Nazi Germany , which invaded Poland in September 1939 . Roosevelt remained officially neutral but gave strong diplomatic and financial support to China , the United Kingdom , Free France , and the Soviet Union via initiatives such as the Lend-Lease programs . Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7 , 1941 , Roosevelt sought and obtained a declaration of war upon Japan . A few days later , he sought and obtained a declaration of war upon the other major Axis powers , Germany and Italy . Assisted by his top aide Harry Hopkins , and with very strong national support , he worked closely with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill , Soviet leader Joseph Stalin , and Chinese Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek in leading the Allies during World War II . He supervised the mobilization of the U.S. economy to support the war effort , and the war saw the end of the massive unemployment that characterized the Great Depression . Roosevelt sought to desegregate the federal workforce with the Fair Employment Practice Committee , but he also controversially ordered the internment of 100,000 Japanese American civilians . As an active military leader , Roosevelt implemented a war strategy on two fronts that ended in the defeat of the Axis Powers and the development of the world 's first nuclear bomb . Though he died months before the end of the war , his work on the post-war order shaped the new United Nations and the Bretton Woods international financial system . Roosevelt 's health seriously declined during the war years , and he died three months into his fourth term . He was succeeded by Vice President Harry S. Truman . It was on Roosevelt 's watch that the Democratic Party was returned to dominance , prosperity returned , and two great military enemies were destroyed . Scholars , historians and the public typically rank Roosevelt alongside Abraham Lincoln and George Washington as one of the three greatest U.S. Presidents .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "2e84bc102ac7aed06846f3f2350b1d6b", "text": "English language English -LSB- ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ -RSB- is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now the global lingua franca . Named after the Angles , one of the Germanic tribes that migrated to England , it ultimately derives its name from the Anglia ( Angeln ) peninsula in the Baltic Sea . It is closely related to the Frisian languages , but its vocabulary has been significantly influenced by other Germanic languages , as well as by Latin and Romance languages , particularly French . English is either the official language or one of the official languages in almost 60 sovereign states . It is the most commonly spoken language in the United Kingdom , the United States , Canada , Australia , Ireland , and New Zealand , and is widely spoken in some areas of the Caribbean , Africa , and South Asia . It is the third most common native language in the world , after Mandarin and Spanish . It is the most widely learned second language and an official language of the United Nations , of the European Union , and of many other world and regional international organisations . It is the most widely spoken Germanic language , accounting for at least 70 % of speakers of this Indo-European branch . English has developed over the course of more than 1,400 years . The earliest forms of English , a set of Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the fifth century , are called Old English . Middle English began in the late 11th century with the Norman conquest of England , and was a period in which the language was influenced by French . Early Modern English began in the late 15th century with the introduction of the printing press to London and the King James Bible , and the start of the Great Vowel Shift . Through the worldwide influence of the British Empire , modern English spread around the world from the 17th to mid-20th centuries . Through all types of printed and electronic media , as well as the emergence of the United States as a global superpower , English has become the leading language of international discourse and the lingua franca in many regions and in professional contexts such as science , navigation , and law . Modern English grammar is the result of a gradual change from a typical Indo-European dependent marking pattern with a rich inflectional morphology and relatively free word order , to a mostly analytic pattern with little inflection , a fairly fixed SVO word order and a complex syntax . Modern English relies more on auxiliary verbs and word order for the expression of complex tenses , aspect and mood , as well as passive constructions , interrogatives and some negation . Despite noticeable variation among the accents and dialects of English used in different countries and regions -- in terms of phonetics and phonology , and sometimes also vocabulary , grammar and spelling -- English-speakers from around the world are able to communicate with one another with relative ease .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "cc8a544cab9944cf95d583c6253de1a0", "text": "Fiji Hindi Fiji Hindi or Fijian Hindi , known locally as `` Hindustani '' , is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by most Fijian citizens of Indian descent , though a small number speak other languages at home . It is an Eastern Hindi language that has been subject to considerable influence by Awadhi , Bhojpuri , Magahi and other Bihari languages . It has also borrowed a large number of words from the Fijian and English languages . A large number of words , unique to Fiji Hindi , have been created to cater for the new environment that Indo-Fijians now live in . First-generation Indians in Fiji , who used the language as a lingua franca in Fiji , referred to it as Fiji Baat , `` Fiji talk '' . It is closely related to Caribbean Hindustani and the Hindustani spoken in Mauritius and South Africa .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "61a491ea14314605be64b6bfe11dbb4a", "text": "Military history of New Zealand The military history of New Zealand is an aspect of the history of New Zealand that spans several hundred years . When first settled by Māori almost a millennium ago , there was much land and resources , but war began to break out as the country 's carrying capacity was approached . Initially being fought with close range weapons of wood and stone , this continued on and off until Europeans arrived , bringing with them new weapons such as muskets . Colonisation by Britain led to the New Zealand land wars in the 19th century in which settler and imperial troops and their Māori allies fought against other Māori and a handful of Pākehā . In the first half of the 20th century , New Zealanders of all races fought alongside Britain in the Boer War and both World Wars . In the second half of the century and into this century the New Zealand Defence Force has provided token assistance to the United States in several conflicts . New Zealand has also contributed troops extensively to multilateral peacekeeping operations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11ad1b816d507c904dc68c8aafe23c85", "text": "English English may refer to : Something of , from , or related to the country of England English people , an ethnic group of people native to England English national identity , an identity and common culture English language English studies , the study of English language and literature English language in England , a variant of the English language List of dialects of the English language", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df9c388e73760f6c181d1a69c66e7cff", "text": "New Zealand Society of Translators and Interpreters The New Zealand Society of Translators and Interpreters ( NZSTI ) ( or , in Maori , Te Ropu Kaiwhakamaori a-waha , a-tuhi o Aotearoa ) is the professional association for translators and interpreters in New Zealand . Its mission statement : `` NZSTI is a nationally representative body of translators and interpreters that provides a networking forum for its members , represents members ' interests , and promotes continued professional development , quality standards and awareness of the profession within government agencies and the wider community . '' . NZSTI is affiliated with the International Federation of Translators ( FIT ) and has a close relationship with SLIANZ , the Sign Language Interpreters Association of New Zealand ( which has its own seat on the NZSTI National Council ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "471988de30007725fde9ab307a52eab4", "text": "Culture of the United Kingdom The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK 's history as a developed island country , a liberal democracy and a major power ; its predominantly Christian religious life ; and its composition of four countries -- England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland -- each of which has distinct customs , cultures and symbolism . The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture , and Humanism , Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture . British literature , music , cinema , art , theatre , comedy , media , television , philosophy , architecture and education are important aspects of British culture . The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology , producing world-leading scientists ( e.g. Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin ) and inventions . Sport is an important part of British culture ; numerous sports originated in the country , including football . The UK has been described as a `` cultural superpower '' , and London has been described as a world cultural capital . The Industrial Revolution , which started in the UK , had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the world . As a result of the British Empire , significant British influence can be observed in the language , law , culture and institutions of a geographically wide assortment of countries , including Australia , Canada , India , the Republic of Ireland , New Zealand , Nigeria , Pakistan , South Africa , the United States and English speaking Caribbean nations . These states are sometimes collectively known as the Anglosphere , and are among Britain 's closest allies . In turn the empire also influenced British culture , particularly British cuisine . The cultures of England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland are diverse and have varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82e99e5c74eefc0694d32ede256db7bf", "text": "Oceanic languages The approximately 450 Oceanic languages are a well-established family of Austronesian languages . The area occupied by speakers of these languages includes Polynesia , as well as much of Melanesia and Micronesia . Though covering a vast area , Oceanic languages are spoken by only two million people . The largest individual Oceanic languages are Eastern Fijian with over 600,000 speakers , and Samoan with an estimated 400,000 speakers . The Kiribati ( Gilbertese ) , Tongan , Tahitian , Māori , Western Fijian and Kuanua ( Tolai ) languages each have over 100,000 speakers . The common ancestor which is reconstructed for this group of languages is called Proto-Oceanic ( abbr . POc ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2b82933043156c3134ec4fbb6c0a0a6", "text": "New Zealand art New Zealand art consists of the visual and plastic arts ( including architecture , woodwork , textiles , and ceramics ) originating from the geographical location of New Zealand . It come from different traditions : indigenous Māori art , that of the early European ( or Pākehā ) settlers , and later immigrants from Pacific , Asian and European countries . Because New Zealand is so isolated , in the past many artists had to go overseas to make a living . The visual arts flourished in the later decades of the 20th century , with the increased cultural sophistication of many New Zealanders .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9529739778594bf959d82996ecc4282", "text": "American and British English spelling differences Many of the differences between American and British English date back to a time when spelling standards had not yet developed . For instance , some spellings seen as `` American '' today were once commonly used in Britain and some spellings seen as `` British '' were once commonly used in the United States . A `` British standard '' began to emerge following the 1755 publication of Samuel Johnson 's A Dictionary of the English Language , and an `` American standard '' started following the work of Noah Webster and in particular his An American Dictionary of the English Language , first published in 1828 . Webster 's efforts at spelling reform were somewhat effective in his native country , resulting in certain well-known patterns of spelling differences between the American and British varieties of English . But English-language spelling reform has rarely been adopted otherwise , and thus modern English orthography varies somewhat between countries and is far from phonemic in any country .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e823944b46c28170099ecdd70991e34", "text": "English in computing The English language is sometimes described as the lingua franca of computing . In comparison to other sciences , where Latin and Greek are the principal sources of vocabulary , computer science borrows more extensively from English . Due to the technical limitations of early computers , and the lack of international standards on the Internet , computer users were limited to using English and the Latin alphabet . However , this historical limitation is less present today . Most software products are localized in numerous languages and the use of the Unicode character encoding has resolved problems with non-Latin alphabets . Some limitations have only been changed recently , such as with domain names , which previously allowed only ASCII characters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ee5630ecf12e0eb35702d7dbfa633a7", "text": "Ngāi Tahu Ngāi Tahu , or Kāi Tahu , is the principal Māori iwi ( tribe ) of the southern region of New Zealand . Its takiwā ( tribal area ) is the largest in New Zealand , and extends from Blenheim , Mount Mahanga and Kahurangi Point in the north to Stewart Island in the south . These are divided into 18 rūnanga ( governance areas ) corresponding to traditional settlements . Some definitions of Ngāi Tahu include the Waitaha and Kāti Mamoe tribes who lived in the South Island prior to the arrival of Kāi Tāhu . The five primary hapū of the three tribes are Kāti Kurī , Ngāti Irakehu , Kāti Huirapa , Ngāi Tūāhuriri and Ngāi Te Ruakihikihi . The New Zealand Parliament passed the Ngai Tahu Claims Settlement Act in 1998 to record an apology from the Crown and to settle claims made under the Treaty of Waitangi . One of the Act 's provisions covered the use of dual ( Māori and English ) names for geographical locations in the Ngāi Tahu tribal area . The recognised tribal authority , Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu , is based in Christchurch and Invercargill .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "721f177c204b1e23aa334de7fab16ec6", "text": "Invasive species in New Zealand A number of introduced species , some of which have become invasive species , have been added to New Zealand 's native flora and fauna . Both deliberate and accidental introductions have been made from the time of the first human settlement , with several waves of Polynesian people at some time before the year 1300 , followed by Europeans after 1769 . Almost without exception , the introduced species have been detrimental to the native flora and fauna but some , such as farmed sheep and cows and the clover upon which they feed , now form a large part of the economy of New Zealand . Registers , lists and indexes of species that are invasive , potentially invasive , or a threat to agriculture or biodiversity are maintained by Biosecurity New Zealand .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d8ba2bd625a033d72734f00a4531c48", "text": "Business English Business English is a part of English for specific purposes and can be considered a specialism within English language learning and teaching . Many non-native English speakers study the subject with the goal of doing business with English-speaking countries , or with companies located outside the English-speaking world but which nonetheless use English as a shared language or lingua franca . Much of the English communication that takes place within business circles all over the world occurs between non-native speakers . In cases such as these , the object of the exercise is efficient and effective communication . The strict rules of grammar are in such cases sometimes ignored , when , for example , a stressed negotiator 's only goal is to reach an agreement as quickly as possible . ( See linguist Braj Kachru 's theory of the `` expanding circle '' . ) Business English means different things to different people . For some , it focuses on vocabulary and topics used in the worlds of business , trade , finance , and international relations . For others it refers to the communication skills used in the workplace , and focuses on the language and skills needed for typical business communication such as presentations , negotiations , meetings , small talk , socializing , correspondence , report writing , and a systematic approach . In both of these cases it can be taught to native speakers of English , for example , high school students preparing to enter the job market . Business English is a variant of international English . One can study it at a college or university . Institutes around the world have courses or modules in BE available , which can lead to a degree in the subject .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef793e492309a4d59a576db45ee3c44b", "text": "Trinidadian English Trinidadian English ( TE ) or Trinidad and Tobago Standard English is a dialect of English used in Trinidad and Tobago . TE co-exists with both non-standard varieties of English as well as other dialects , namely Trinidadian Creole in Trinidad and Tobagonian Creole in Tobago . Both islands as one consider the dialect as Trinbagonian Creole . Trinidadian English was originally based on a standard of British English . Located in the Americas , TE now uses many Americanisms , including apartment and trunk ( of a car ) . It is understandable by speakers of international standard English , although it uses a number of terms that are unique to it ( perhaps coming from Trinidadian Creole ) , such as `` to lime '' , meaning `` to hang out '' . Speech in Trinidad ( and , to some degree , in Tobago ) may vary by location and circumstance and is often remarked for its `` sing-song '' ( i.e. a rising and falling inflection ) intonation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d665baed8c4de870632a2fdf612712aa", "text": "List of schools in Nelson, New Zealand Nelson is a city and unitary authority in the South Island of New Zealand . It contains several city schools . In New Zealand schools , students begin formal education in Year 1 at the age of five . Year 13 is the final year of secondary education . State schools are those fully funded by the government and at which no fees for tuition of domestic students ( i.e. New Zealand citizens and permanent residents , and Australian citizens ) can be charged , although a donation is commonly requested . A state integrated school is a former private school with a special character based on a religious or philosophical belief that has been integrated into the state system . State integrated schools charge `` attendance dues '' to cover the building and maintenance of school buildings , which are not owned by the government , but otherwise they like state schools can not charge fees for tuition of domestic students but may request a donation . Private schools charge fees to its students for tuition , as do state and state integrated schools for tuition of international students . The socioeconomic decile indicates the socioeconomic status of the school 's catchment area . A decile of 1 indicates the school draws from a poor area ; a decile of 10 indicates the school draws from a well-off area . The decile ratings used here come from the Ministry of Education Te Kete Ipurangi website and from the decile change spreadsheet listed in the references . The deciles of all schools were last revised using information from the 2006 Census , and may occasionally change for some schools between Censuses as schools open , close and merge . The roll of each school changes frequently as students start school for the first time , move between schools , and graduate . The rolls given here are those provided by the Ministry of Education are based on figures from The Ministry of Education institution number links to the Te Kete Ipurangi page for each school .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37493e36d3fc80f25725200d3574445b", "text": "List of ethnic origins of New Zealanders In the 2006 census of New Zealand 67.6 percent of the population identified ethnically as `` New Zealand European '' and 14.6 percent as Māori . Other major ethnic groups include Asian ( 9.2 percent ) and Pacific peoples ( 6.9 percent ) , while 11.1 percent identified themselves simply as a `` New Zealander '' ( or similar ) and 1 percent identified with other ethnicities . When completing the census people could select more than one ethnic group and this list includes all of the stated ethnic groups if more than one is chosen . During the 2013 census in New Zealand , it was estimated that 14.9 % of the population of New Zealand were Maori , 11.8 % of the population were Asians ( deriving from various nations in Asia ) , 7.4 % were of Pacific Islander origin ( including from the Cook Islands , Niue , and Tokelau , all of which are dependent states of New Zealand in the Pacific ) , and 1.20 % were individuals of Middle-Eastern , Latin American , and African descent . Approximately three-quarters of the population of New Zealand during the census were of European ethnicity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c4b09bdc8e534cdf9268483aaac4284", "text": "Climate of New Zealand The climate of New Zealand is varied due to the country 's diverse landscape . Most regions of New Zealand belong to the temperate zone with a maritime climate ( Köppen climate classification : Cfb ) characterised by four distinct seasons . The main factors are similar to those found in the British Isles owing to the Pacific Ocean and latitude , although the mountain ranges can cause significant climate variations in locations barely tens of kilometres from each other . Conditions vary from extremely wet on the West Coast of the South Island to almost semi-arid in Central Otago and subtropical in Northland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "349047fbe0664d593bdce162790293b9", "text": "Waitakere Ranges The Waitakere Ranges are a chain of hills in the Auckland Region , generally running approximately 25 km ( 15.5 mi ) from north to south , 25 km west of central Auckland , New Zealand . The maximum elevation within the ranges is 474 m ( 1555 ft ) . The ranges and surrounding areas were traditionally known to local Māori as Te Wao Nui o Tiriwa ( The Great Forest of Tiriwa ) . It is under the jurisdiction of the Auckland Council . The western coastline of the ranges consists of cliffs exceeding 300 m ( 984 ft ) , interspersed infrequently with beaches . The rugged upstanding topography is formed from erosion-resistant ancient volcanic conglomerate and lava flows laid down in eruptions from the large Waitakere volcano to the west 12 -- 25 million years ago . The ranges are covered in native forest , most of which is in the process of regeneration since extensive logging and farming in the mid -- late 19th and early 20th centuries . In 1894 a group led by Sir Algernon Thomas ( the first professor of natural sciences at Auckland University College , now the University of Auckland ) persuaded the Auckland City Council to preserve 3,500 acres ( 14 km2 ) in the Nihotupu area of the ranges as a bush reserve . In 1895 the national Government vested the land , and several other smaller areas of the ranges , in the City Council as `` reserves for the conservation of native flora and fauna '' . The Waitakere Ranges Regional Park now contains about 39,500 acres ( 160 km2 ) . The area is also protected under the Waitakere Ranges Heritage Area Act 2008 . Five reservoirs within the ranges supply water to the Auckland region , including the Waitakere Reservoir and the Lower Nihotupu Reservoir . Combined , the reservoirs supply approximately 26 % of Auckland 's potable water demand . The ranges receive an average of over 2,000 mm ( 78.75 inches ) of rainfall annually while the corresponding rate in the city is less than half that . As weather systems approach across the Tasman Sea , their path is blocked by the ranges causing a small uplift sufficient to trigger orographic rainfall . The area is home to kauri snails , glowworms and native long-tailed bats . Long-tailed and short-tailed bats are New Zealand 's only native land-based mammals . At the northern end of the ranges , Otakamiro Point is the site of one of New Zealand 's few mainland gannet breeding colonies . In the bush are many indigenous invertebrates , including kauri snail , weta and oviparous velvet worms with 14 pairs of legs , and ovoviviparous species of 15 and 16 pairs of legs in the genus Peripatoides . Some of the ranges ' main attractions are : the four popular surf beaches , Piha , Muriwai , Te Henga ( Bethells Beach ) , Karekare ; an extensive network of bush walks and tracks ; and panoramic views of the east and west coasts and the city . A road , aptly named Scenic Drive , runs a good portion of the length of the ranges from Titirangi to Swanson . The Auckland Regional Council operates an information centre near the Titirangi end . The beaches are typical of west coast beaches north of Taranaki in that they are all black sand beaches . They have a reputation of being dangerous for swimmers due to rips and large swells . Surf Life Saving Clubs patrol designated areas of the four most popular beaches during the summer months . Piha Surf Life Saving Club is the oldest of these , being founded in 1934 . On January 11 , 2010 , the Auckland Regional Council opened the Hillary Trail , a 77 km trail running roughly south-north from the Arataki Visitor Centre to Muriwai through the Waitakere Ranges , named in honour of the New Zealand mountaineer Sir Edmund Hillary . The Ark in the Park conservation initiative , a partnership between Forest and Bird and the Auckland Council , is working to reintroduce some of the species made extinct in the Cascades Kauri Park section of the ranges . The project was started in 2003 and now covers 2300 ha .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a810619a1609d18129ebeb1ee6f599f", "text": "Cinema of New Zealand New Zealand cinema can refer to films made by New Zealand-based production companies in New Zealand . However , it may also refer to films made about New Zealand by filmmakers from other countries . In addition , due to the relatively small size of its film industry , many New Zealand-made films are co-productions with companies based in other nations . Film has a long history in New Zealand . The first public screening of a motion picture was in 1896 ; a 1900 documentary is the oldest surviving New Zealand film - and the first feature film made in New Zealand premiered in 1914 . However , although there was a small-scale industry during the 1920s-1960s , it was n't until the 1970s that New Zealand made films were able to attract large-scale audiences . From the 1990s onward , a steady flow on New Zealand made films have had international success , including both those with local funding and themes , and those such as the Lord of the Rings trilogy , made with Hollywood money .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "97021b90fbc17f96fa359d1ce250954b", "text": "Language Language is the ability to acquire and use complex systems of communication , particularly the human ability to do so , and a language is any specific example of such a system . The scientific study of language is called linguistics . Questions concerning the philosophy of language , such as whether words can represent experience , have been debated since Gorgias and Plato in Ancient Greece . Thinkers such as Rousseau have argued that language originated from emotions while others like Kant have held that it originated from rational and logical thought . 20th-century philosophers such as Wittgenstein argued that philosophy is really the study of language . Major figures in linguistics include Ferdinand de Saussure and Noam Chomsky . Estimates of the number of languages in the world vary between 5,000 and 7,000 . However , any precise estimate depends on a partly arbitrary distinction between languages and dialects . Natural languages are spoken or signed , but any language can be encoded into secondary media using auditory , visual , or tactile stimuli -- for example , in whistling , signed , or braille . This is because human language is modality-independent . Depending on philosophical perspectives regarding the definition of language and meaning , when used as a general concept , `` language '' may refer to the cognitive ability to learn and use systems of complex communication , or to describe the set of rules that makes up these systems , or the set of utterances that can be produced from those rules . All languages rely on the process of semiosis to relate signs to particular meanings . Oral , manual and tactile languages contain a phonological system that governs how symbols are used to form sequences known as words or morphemes , and a syntactic system that governs how words and morphemes are combined to form phrases and utterances . Human language has the properties of productivity and displacement , and relies entirely on social convention and learning . Its complex structure affords a much wider range of expressions than any known system of animal communication . Language is thought to have originated when early hominins started gradually changing their primate communication systems , acquiring the ability to form a theory of other minds and a shared intentionality . This development is sometimes thought to have coincided with an increase in brain volume , and many linguists see the structures of language as having evolved to serve specific communicative and social functions . Language is processed in many different locations in the human brain , but especially in Broca 's and Wernicke 's areas . Humans acquire language through social interaction in early childhood , and children generally speak fluently when they are approximately three years old . The use of language is deeply entrenched in human culture . Therefore , in addition to its strictly communicative uses , language also has many social and cultural uses , such as signifying group identity , social stratification , as well as social grooming and entertainment . Languages evolve and diversify over time , and the history of their evolution can be reconstructed by comparing modern languages to determine which traits their ancestral languages must have had in order for the later developmental stages to occur . A group of languages that descend from a common ancestor is known as a language family . The Indo-European family is the most widely spoken and includes languages as diverse as English , Russian and Hindi ; the Sino-Tibetan family , which includes Mandarin , Bodo and the other Chinese languages , and Tibetan ; the Afro-Asiatic family , which includes Arabic , Somali , and Hebrew ; the Bantu languages , which include Swahili , and Zulu , and hundreds of other languages spoken throughout Africa ; and the Malayo-Polynesian languages , which include Indonesian , Malay , Tagalog , and hundreds of other languages spoken throughout the Pacific . The languages of the Dravidian family that are spoken mostly in Southern India include Tamil and Telugu . Academic consensus holds that between 50 % and 90 % of languages spoken at the beginning of the 21st century will probably have become extinct by the year 2100 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9bbcaac884f2a5ef43355eab6cf986d6", "text": "Falkland Islands English Falkland Islands English is mainly British in character . However , as a result of the isolation of the islands , the small population has developed and retains its own accent/dialect , which persists despite a large number of immigrants from the United Kingdom in recent years . In rural areas ( i.e. anywhere outside Stanley ) , known as ` Camp ' ( from Spanish campo or ` countryside ' ) , the Falkland accent tends to be stronger . The dialect has resemblances to Australian , New Zealand , West Country and Norfolk dialects of English , as well as Lowland Scots . Two notable Falkland Island terms are ` kelper ' meaning a Falkland Islander , from the kelp surrounding the islands ( sometimes used pejoratively in Argentina ) and ` smoko ' , for a smoking break ( as in Australia and New Zealand ) . The word ` yomp ' was used by the British armed forces during the Falklands War but is passing out of usage . In recent years , a substantial Saint Helenian population has arrived , mainly to do low-paid work , and they too have a distinct form of English .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "5ef1f6ab033b09acd2a90fcdddf18d66", "text": "Shaky camera Handheld camera , shaky cam , queasy cam , queasicam , hand-held camera or free camera is a cinematographic technique where stable-image techniques are purposely dispensed with . The camera is held in the hand , or given the appearance of being hand-held , and in many cases shots are limited to what one photographer could have accomplished with one camera . Shaky cam is often employed to give a film sequence an ad hoc , electronic news-gathering , or documentary film feel . It suggests unprepared , unrehearsed filming of reality , and can provide a sense of dynamics , immersion , instability or nervousness . The technique can be used to give a pseudo-documentary or cinéma vérité appearance to a film . Too much shaky camera motion can make some viewers feel distracted , dizzy or sick .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "23a8505250c515681bd2aa60044b4b98", "text": "Low light level television Low light level television , initialized as LLLTV , is a type of electronic sensing device , usually a CCD camera sensitive to wavelengths above the normal `` visible '' ( 0.4 to 0.7 micrometre ) wavelengths , and into the short-wave Infrared - usually to about 1.0 to 1.1 micrometres . This allows viewing of objects in extremely low light levels , where they would not be seen by the naked eye . LLLTVs tend to be more affordable than infrared cameras , which typically cover ranges from 3 to 5 µm ( MWIR ) or 8 to 12 µm ( LWIR )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e0663b5732d193cbb178d95d8ee6ed2", "text": "Vignetting In photography and optics , vignetting ( -LSB- vɪnˈjɛtɪŋ -RSB- French : `` vignette '' ) is a reduction of an image 's brightness or saturation at the periphery compared to the image center . The word vignette , from the same root as vine , originally referred to a decorative border in a book . Later , the word came to be used for a photographic portrait which is clear in the center , and fades off at the edges . A similar effect occurs when photographing projected images or movies off a projection screen , resulting in a so-called `` hotspot '' effect . Vignetting is often an unintended and undesired effect caused by camera settings or lens limitations . However , it is sometimes deliberately introduced for creative effect , such as to draw attention to the center of the frame . A photographer may deliberately choose a lens which is known to produce vignetting to obtain the effect , or it may be introduced with the use of special filters or post-processing procedures . When using superzoom lenses , vignetting may occur all along the zoom range , depending on the aperture and the focal length . However , it may not always be visible , except at the widest end ( the shortest focal length ) . In these cases , vignetting may cause an exposure value ( EV ) difference of up to 0.75 EV .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "feea4a89550e035c58d744efde7e9567", "text": "Animation stand An animation stand is a device assembled for the filming of any kind of animation that is placed on a flat surface , including cel animation , graphic animation , clay animation , and silhouette animation . Traditionally , the flat surface that the animation rests on is some kind of table that the animator sits at . Pegs made specifically for animation are embedded into the table , in at least two slots allowing the pegs to slide from side to side , permitting horizontal movement of images , but can also be easily fixed into position for the accurate positioning ( `` registration '' ) of the artwork . Opposite the animator is a series of supporting arms and supports , on top of which is mounted a film or video camera , pointing down toward the artwork , which films the artwork , frame-by-frame , as it is slowly moved and changed by the operator . The vertical positioning of the animation camera , always shooting down , is the main component that defines an animation stand , as opposed to a stop motion set-up , or other equipment arrangements for animation production . Animation stands can be homemade , from metal or wood , such as that owned by Los Angeles animator Mike Jittlov , and still accomplish impressive animation production ; or they can be elaborate ( and expensive ) professionally made precision systems that allow for the computerised movements of both the art and the camera , as has been traditionally used by professional animation studios and special effects facilities such as the Walt Disney studio ( famous for their Multiplane camera ) and George Lucas 's Industrial Light & Magic ( ILM ) facilities .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b4a768cc62b15cefda0a00921c554bed", "text": "Ponzo illusion The Ponzo illusion is a geometrical-optical illusion that was first demonstrated by the Italian psychologist Mario Ponzo ( 1882 -- 1960 ) in 1911 . He suggested that the human mind judges an object 's size based on its background . He showed this by drawing two identical lines across a pair of converging lines , similar to railway tracks . The upper line looks longer because we interpret the converging sides according to linear perspective as parallel lines receding into the distance . In this context , we interpret the upper line as though it were farther away , so we see it as longer -- a farther object would have to be longer than a nearer one for both to produce retinal images of the same size . One of the explanations for the Ponzo illusion is the `` perspective hypothesis '' , which states that the perspective feature in the figure is obviously produced by the converging lines ordinarily associated with distance , that is , the two oblique lines appear to converge toward the horizon or a vanishing point . Another is the `` framing-effects hypothesis '' , which says that the difference in the separation or gap of the horizontal lines from the framing converging lines may determine , or at least contribute to the magnitude of the distortion . The Ponzo illusion is one possible explanation of the Moon illusion , with objects appearing `` far away '' ( because they are `` on '' the horizon ) appearing bigger than objects `` overhead '' . This typical visual illusion also occurs in touch and with an auditory-to-visual sensory-substitution device . However , prior visual experience seems mandatory to perceive it as demonstrated by the fact that congenitally blind subjects are not sensitive to it . The Ponzo illusion has also been used to demonstrate a dissociation between vision-for-perception and vision-for-action ( see Two-streams hypothesis ) . Thus , the scaling of grasping movements directed towards objects embedded within a Ponzo illusion is not subject to the size illusion . In other words , the opening between the index finger and thumb is scaled to the real not the apparent size of the target object as the grasping hand approaches the object . Cross-cultural differences in susceptibility to the Ponzo illusion have been noted , with non-Western and rural people showing less susceptibility . Other recent research suggests that an individual 's receptivity to this illusion , as well as the Ebbinghaus illusion , may be inversely correlated with the size of that individual 's primary visual cortex .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f612266ce82bfd2093cb1a64ca660f4", "text": "Celestial globe Celestial globes show the apparent positions of the stars in the sky . They omit the Sun , Moon and planets because the positions of these bodies vary relative to those of the stars , but the ecliptic , along which the Sun moves , is indicated . There is an issue regarding the `` handedness '' of celestial globes . If the globe is constructed so that the stars are in the positions they actually occupy on the imaginary celestial sphere , then the star field will appear back-to-front on the surface of the globe ( all the constellations will appear as their mirror images ) . This is because the view from Earth , positioned at the centre of the celestial sphere , is of the inside of the celestial sphere , whereas the celestial globe is viewed from the outside . For this reason , celestial globes are often produced in mirror image , so that at least the constellations appear the `` right way round '' . Some modern celestial globes address this problem by making the surface of the globe transparent . The stars can then be placed in their proper positions and viewed through the globe , so that the view is of the inside of the celestial sphere . However , the proper position from which to view the sphere would be from its centre , but the viewer of a transparent globe must be outside it , far from its centre . Viewing the inside of the sphere from the outside , through its transparent surface , produces serious distortions . Opaque celestial globes that are made with the constellations correctly placed , so they appear as mirror images when directly viewed from outside the globe , are often viewed in a mirror , so the constellations have their familiar appearances . Written material on the globe , names of constellations etc. , is printed in reverse , so it can easily be read in the mirror . Category : Navigational equipment Category : Globes Category : Spheres", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e187f596d4ae63107774a2b4eba2a291", "text": "Color motion picture film Color motion picture film refers both to unexposed color photographic film in a format suitable for use in a motion picture camera , and to finished motion picture film , ready for use in a projector , which bears images in color . The first color cinematography was by additive color systems such as the one patented by Edward Raymond Turner in 1899 and tested in 1902 . A simplified additive system was successfully commercialized in 1909 as Kinemacolor . These early systems used black-and-white film to photograph and project two or more component images through different color filters . Around 1920 , the first practical subtractive color processes were introduced . These also used black-and-white film to photograph multiple color-filtered source images , but the final product was a multicolored print that did not require special projection equipment . Before 1932 , when three-strip Technicolor was introduced , commercialized subtractive processes used only two color components and could reproduce only a limited range of color . In 1935 , Kodachrome was introduced , followed by Agfacolor in 1936 . They were intended primarily for amateur home movies and `` slides '' . These were the first films of the `` integral tripack '' type , coated with three layers of differently color-sensitive emulsion , which is usually what is meant by the words `` color film '' as commonly used . The few color films still being made in the 2010s are of this type . The first color negative films and corresponding print films were modified versions of these films . They were introduced around 1940 but only came into wide use for commercial motion picture production in the early 1950s . In the US , Eastman Kodak 's Eastmancolor was the usual choice , but it was often re-branded with another trade name , such as `` WarnerColor '' , by the studio or the film processor . Later color films were standardized into two distinct processes : Eastman Color Negative 2 chemistry ( camera negative stocks , duplicating interpositive and internegative stocks ) and Eastman Color Positive 2 chemistry ( positive prints for direct projection ) , usually abbreviated as ECN-2 and ECP-2 . Fuji 's products are compatible with ECN-2 and ECP-2 . Film was the dominant form of cinematography until the 2010s , when it was largely replaced by digital cinematography .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02e0e4b0b8a17f6b74d5219de57ad3c2", "text": "Proprietary DVR DVRs , or Digital Video Recorders , are devices which record video to a hard drive . The term Proprietary DVR refers to exclusive methodologies used to maintain commercial control over the DVR format and prevent third-party copying of a particular file . CCTV systems are used for the detection and recording of crime , but the analysts and law enforcement personnel who are required to obtain and process video recorded with proprietary DVRs may face problems using the proprietary format . Most established manufacturers will provide tools for law enforcement agencies to play and copy footage from such systems . The opposite of proprietary DVR is standard or PC-based DVR . ( Although , in fact , many proprietary DVR 's are PC-based devices . ) Currently there is no standard output for the security industry to follow . Because of this , analysts are forced to obtain a compatible `` player '' in order to view the video . Some proprietary DVRs are delivered to the end-user in an executable player which allows for navigation . Some require the installation of the player . Others simply require a codec to be available on the system that is playing , then it will become viewable in a common player such as Windows Media Player . Some proprietary DVR systems offer more than one output format , such as the native format as well as a standard format such as AVI . Some also offer a composite video output PAL or NTSC . Some security companies are reluctant to offer anything other than their proprietary format . Reasons cited for maintaining control over the file by impeding conversion vary , but most companies will make `` tamper resistance '' a sellable feature , while disregarding the work required of an analyst or court in order to present the video . Another selling point of proprietary DVR systems is compression . Video compression removes information in exchange for a smaller file size . Increasing compression leads to the ability to store longer periods on a disk , at the expense of sacrificing some of the detail in the images . This trade-off must be considered when attempting to balance image quality and recording time in a DVR . As storage drives become cheaper and larger , compression sacrifices are improving . A problem inherent in proprietary DVR output is accuracy . There is a good chance that the video image as viewed has an incorrect aspect ratio and/or color information . Color may be off simply due to the calibration of the monitor being used , but often color information is not recorded accurately . It is not very common to white balance security cameras unless it is done at set up . Aspect ratios may also be recorded improperly and could actually be quite distorted . Aspect ratios on some players are sometimes user-adjustable by dragging the viewer in one direction or the other . Contrary to attempts made by proprietary DVR developers , it is possible to change virtually any DVR image into another format , but it can not be done through digital conversion , such as changing an MPEG-2 to AVI . Instead it is done by intercepting the pixels sent by the proprietary DVR to the users monitor . There are a number of software available that will capture an area of a screen and generate an uncompressed file in a common format . Gradually technology is improving and DVR systems are capable of having features that analog video could never provide . One feature is the ability to store metadata , such as point of sale information . Another feature may be for an event ( movement , panic button , door/drawer opening ) to trigger a system to record at a higher resolution . Perhaps the greatest feature is the ability to navigate directly to an area of interest .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de304446cd23243cfe95e62edf962946", "text": "Panning (camera) In cinematography and photography panning means swiveling a still or video camera horizontally from a fixed position . This motion is similar to the motion of a person when they turn their head on their neck from left to right . In the resulting image , the view seems to `` pass by '' the spectator as new material appears on one side of the screen and exits from the other , although perspective lines reveal that the entire image is seen from a fixed point of view . The term panning is short for panorama , suggesting an expansive view that exceeds the gaze , forcing the viewer to turn their head in order to take everything in . Panning , in other words , is a device for gradually revealing and incorporating off-screen space into the image . Panning should never be confused with `` tracking '' or `` travelling , '' in which the camera is not just swivelled but is physically displaced left or right , generally by being rolled parallel to its subject . In video technology , panning refers to the horizontal scrolling of an image wider than the display . For 3D modeling in computer graphics , panning means moving parallel to the current view plane . In other words , the camera moves perpendicular to the direction it is pointed . The technique also has limited applications in still photography . In other disciplines , this motion is called yaw .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ac53e5db5de5cb12975aae379cf3228", "text": "Parallax Parallax is a displacement or difference in the apparent position of an object viewed along two different lines of sight , and is measured by the angle or semi-angle of inclination between those two lines . The term is derived from the Greek word παράλλαξις ( parallaxis ) , meaning `` alternation '' . Due to foreshortening , nearby objects have a larger parallax than more distant objects when observed from different positions , so parallax can be used to determine distances . Astronomers use the principle of parallax to measure distances to the closer stars . Here , the term `` parallax '' is the semi-angle of inclination between two sight-lines to the star , as observed when the Earth is on opposite sides of the Sun in its orbit . These distances form the lowest rung of what is called `` the cosmic distance ladder '' , the first in a succession of methods by which astronomers determine the distances to celestial objects , serving as a basis for other distance measurements in astronomy forming the higher rungs of the ladder . Parallax also affects optical instruments such as rifle scopes , binoculars , microscopes , and twin-lens reflex cameras that view objects from slightly different angles . Many animals , including humans , have two eyes with overlapping visual fields that use parallax to gain depth perception ; this process is known as stereopsis . In computer vision the effect is used for computer stereo vision , and there is a device called a parallax rangefinder that uses it to find range , and in some variations also altitude to a target . A simple everyday example of parallax can be seen in the dashboard of motor vehicles that use a needle-style speedometer gauge . When viewed from directly in front , the speed may show exactly 60 ; but when viewed from the passenger seat the needle may appear to show a slightly different speed , due to the angle of viewing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27f701b9ff8d05f86b69dcf203532fad", "text": "Intermediate film system The intermediate film system was a television process in which motion picture film was processed almost immediately after it was exposed in a camera , then scanned by a television scanner , and transmitted over the air . This system was used principally in Britain and Germany where television cameras were not sensitive enough to use reflected light , but could transmit a suitable image when a bright light was shown through motion picture film directly into the camera lens . John Logie Baird began developing the process in 1932 , borrowing the idea of Georg Oskar Schubert from his licensees in Germany , where it was demonstrated by Fernseh AG in 1932 and used for broadcasting in 1934 . The BBC used Baird 's version of the process during the first three months of its then - `` high-definition '' television service from November 1936 through January 1937 , and German television used it during broadcasts of the 1936 Summer Olympics . In both cases , intermediate film cameras alternated with newly introduced direct television cameras . The exposed film , either 35mm or 17.5 mm ( 35mm split in half , to save expense ) , travelled in a continuous band from the camera , usually atop a remote broadcast vehicle , into a machine that developed and fixed the image . The film was then run through a flying spot scanner ( so called because it moved a focused beam of light back and forth across the image ) , and electronically converted from a negative to a positive image . Depending on the equipment , the time from camera to scanner could be a minute or less . An optical soundtrack was recorded onto the film , between the perforations and the edge of the film , at the same time the image was taken to keep the sound and image in synchronization . The intermediate film system , with its expensive film usage and relatively immobile cameras , did have the advantage that it left a filmed record of the programme which could be rerun at a different time , with a better image quality than the later kinescope films , which were shot from a video monitor . Television tubes developed by Farnsworth and Zworykin in the United States , and by EMI in England , with much higher sensitivity to light , made the intermediate film system obsolete by 1937 . Film continued to be used for time-shifting and as a long-term storage until electronic video recorders were invented .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46f0a2a1929389869a6f58fbed168334", "text": "Sunshine in the Courtroom Act The Sunshine in the Courtroom Act is a bill to allow the broadcasting of U.S. District Court and U.S. Court of Appeals proceedings . The name of the bill is an apparent reference to Louis Brandeis ' remark that `` sunshine is the best disinfectant '' for ill-doings . The proposed act relates to Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 53 , which states , `` Except as otherwise provided by a statute or these rules , the court must not permit the taking of photographs in the courtroom during judicial proceedings or the broadcasting of judicial proceedings from the courtroom . '' The bill was introduced in 2005 , 2007 , 2008 , and 2009 . The 2009 bill was approved by the Senate Judiciary Committee . The Senate version is S. 657 , and the House version is H.R. 3054 . In 2009 , the Judicial Council of the 9th Circuit expressed interest in televising certain proceedings . In Congressional testimony , Ted Poe stated : When I was Assistant District Attorney , I spent my career trying criminal cases , and based on my experiences , I actually feel the cameras in the courtroom benefit a defendant . A public trial ensures fairness . That is the purpose of a public trial . It ensures professionalism by the lawyers and the judge , and a camera in the courtroom protects the defendant 's right to a public trial . Poe also opined that lawyers play to the jury , not to the camera , and that jurors stated they liked the camera inside the courtroom because they wanted the public to know what they heard `` instead of waiting to hear a 30-second sound bite from a newscaster who may or may not have the facts correct . '' Judge John R. Tunheim opposed the bill , stating that it could deny some defendants a fair trial ; e.g. a defendant corporation might forgo its right to a trial because it does not want its president to be cross-examined on television . He also expressed concern that televising trials could increase the incidence of threats against federal judges .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "feb49e1ce040ab017c6e548ee703081e", "text": "Flash (photography) A flash is a device used in photography producing a flash of artificial light ( typically 1/1000 to 1/200 of a second ) at a color temperature of about 5500 K ( Kelvin ) to help illuminate a scene . A major purpose of a flash is to illuminate a dark scene . Other uses are capturing quickly moving objects or changing the quality of light . Flash refers either to the flash of light itself or to the electronic flash unit discharging the light . Most current flash units are electronic , having evolved from single-use flashbulbs and flammable powders . Modern cameras often activate flash units automatically . Flash units are commonly built directly into a camera . Some cameras allow separate flash units to be mounted via a standardized `` accessory mount '' bracket ( a hot shoe ) . In professional studio equipment , flashes may be large , standalone units , or studio strobes , powered by special battery packs or connected to mains power . They are either synchronized with the camera using a flash synchronization cable or radio signal , or are light-triggered , meaning that only one flash unit needs to be synchronized with the camera , and in turn triggers the other units , called slaves .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f7311e1ee9ff0125c15501c9640fd50", "text": "High-speed photography High-speed photography is the science of taking pictures of very fast phenomena . In 1948 , the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers ( SMPTE ) defined high-speed photography as any set of photographs captured by a camera capable of 69 frames per second or greater , and of at least three consecutive frames . High-speed photography can be considered to be the opposite of time-lapse photography . In common usage , high-speed photography may refer to either or both of the following meanings . The first is that the photograph itself may be taken in a way as to appear to freeze the motion , especially to reduce motion blur . The second is that a series of photographs may be taken at a high sampling frequency or frame rate . The first requires a sensor with good sensitivity and either a very good shuttering system or a very fast strobe light . The second requires some means of capturing successive frames , either with a mechanical device or by moving data off electronic sensors very quickly . Other considerations for high-speed photographers are record length , reciprocity breakdown , and spatial resolution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a96720151a66d64c7483a386c3819d80", "text": "Digital intermediate Digital intermediate ( typically abbreviated to DI ) is a motion picture finishing process which classically involves digitizing a motion picture and manipulating the color and other image characteristics . It often replaces or augments the photochemical timing process and is usually the final creative adjustment to a movie before distribution in theaters . It is distinguished from the telecine process in which film is scanned and color is manipulated early in the process to facilitate editing . However the lines between telecine and DI are continually blurred and are often executed on the same hardware by colorists of the same background . These two steps are typically part of the overall color management process in a motion picture at different points in time . A digital intermediate is also customarily done at higher resolution and with greater color fidelity than telecine transfers . Although originally used to describe a process that started with film scanning and ended with film recording , digital intermediate is also used to describe color correction and color grading and even final mastering when a digital camera is used as the image source and/or when the final movie is not output to film . This is due to recent advances in digital cinematography and digital projection technologies that strive to match film origination and film projection . In traditional photochemical film finishing , an intermediate is produced by exposing film to the original camera negative . The intermediate is then used to mass-produce the films that get distributed to theaters . Color grading is done by varying the amount of red , green , and blue light used to expose the intermediate . This seeks to be able to replace or augment the photochemical approach to creating this intermediate . The digital intermediate process uses digital tools to color grade , which allows for much finer control of individual colors and areas of the image , and allows for the adjustment of image structure ( grain , sharpness , etc. ) . The intermediate for film reproduction can then be produced by means of a film recorder . The physical intermediate film that is a result of the recording process is sometimes also called a digital intermediate , and is usually recorded to internegative ( IN ) stock , which is inherently finer-grain than camera negative ( OCN ) . One of the key technical achievements that made the transition to DI possible was the use of the 3D look-up tables ( aka `` 3D LUTs '' ) , which could be used to mimic how the digital image would look once it was printed onto release print stock . This removed a large amount of skilled guesswork from the film-making process , and allowed greater freedom in the colour grading process while reducing risk . The digital master is often used as a source for a DCI-compliant distribution of the motion picture for digital projection . For archival purposes , the digital master created during the Digital Intermediate process can still be recorded to very stable high dynamic range yellow-cyan-magenta ( YCM ) separations on black-and-white film with an expected 100-year or longer life . This archival format , long used in the industry prior to the invention of DI , still provides an archival medium that is independent of changes in digital data recording technologies and file formats that might otherwise render digitally archived material unreadable in the long term .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1146f2b571a710c163739ce10c7298e", "text": "Film gate The film gate is the rectangular opening in the front of a motion picture camera where the film is exposed to light . The film gate can be seen by removing the lens and rotating the shutter out of the way . The film is held on a uniform plane at a calibrated distance in the gate by a pressure plate behind the film . Occasionally , as the film passes through the gate , friction can cause small slivers of celluloid to break off and stick in the side of the opening . This debris is called hairs . A `` hair in the gate '' will remain in front of the film and create a dark line that sticks into the edge of the film frame as the camera is filming a shot . A hair can ruin the shot and is almost impossible to fix in post production without being removed digitally . Because of the intractability of this problem the 1st Assistant Camera ( in the UK this position is known as focus puller ) will open the camera and examine the gate for hairs at the end of each shot . Normally the assistant director will call out `` check the gate '' when the director is ready to move on to the next shot . The crew will wait until the focus puller calls out `` gate is clean . '' If the gate is not clean , it will be cleaned with orangewood sticks and canned air and the crew will take the shot again . A good camera crew usually checks all cameras and magazines during equipment checkout with scratch tests using fogged film rolls -- this will catch out any possible scratch or hair problems caused by faulty equipment . However , a variety of other factors including environment , humidity , type of film stock , camera position , film ridging , and lacing can each be responsible for a `` hair in the gate '' . Generally , skilled crew and regularly inspected tested equipment make this a rare occurrence , and it is not unheard of for assistants to go for months without seeing one , even on large-scale shoots . The cinematographer Oliver Stapleton praised his assisting team on Casanova for not having a single hair or scratch for the whole shoot , even though large portions were shot on dusty exteriors . Video cameras do not have this problem , as any malfunction to the sensor will render the entire system useless . The Arri D-20 and D-21 system , however , does have removable lenses and a rotating optical shutter , which means that the CMOS sensor can be exposed in much the same way as a film gate and thus needs to be kept assiduously clean .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b95bc9deb18dcaa185d77e766136578", "text": "Nausea Nausea is a sensation of unease and discomfort in the upper stomach with an involuntary urge to vomit . It may precede vomiting , but a person can have nausea without vomiting . When prolonged , it is a debilitating symptom . Nausea is a non-specific symptom , which means that it has many possible causes . Some common causes of nausea are motion sickness , dizziness , migraine , fainting , low blood sugar , gastroenteritis ( stomach infection ) or food poisoning . Nausea is a side effect of many medications including chemotherapy , or morning sickness in early pregnancy . Nausea may also be caused by anxiety , disgust and depression . Medications taken to prevent and treat nausea are called antiemetics . The most commonly prescribed antiemetics in the US are promethazine , metoclopramide and ondansetron . The word nausea is from Latin nausea , from Greek ναυσία -- nausia , '' ναυτία '' -- nautia , motion sickness '' , `` feeling sick or queasy '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77f6c67f53833b068011d67637b61078", "text": "Pool safety camera Pool Safety Cameras are video monitoring systems designed to reduce drowning deaths in public and private pools .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a2669dbb6efeaa9c44c4f83e673a3d88", "text": "Reflex camera A reflex camera is a camera that permits the photographer to view the image that will be seen through the lens , and therefore to see exactly what will be captured , contrary to viewfinder cameras where the image could be significantly different from what will be captured . A single-lens reflex camera typically uses a mirror and prism system ( hence `` reflex '' , from the mirror 's reflection ) to accomplish this . The mirrorless interchangeable-lens camera achieves the same result by providing the photographer with a digitally captured image . The twin-lens reflex camera provides both a viewfinder image and the reflected image from the actual camera lens . Category : Cameras by type", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90c487c7ea89437af2d3e11e447a040a", "text": "Constriction of video", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "7128d61fce997f54db7d4d065cf502c2", "text": "Neil Young Neil Percival Young , ( born November 12 , 1945 ) , is a Canadian singer-songwriter , musician , producer , director and screenwriter . Young began performing in a group covering Shadows instrumentals in Canada in 1960 . In 1966 , after a brief stint with the Rick James-fronted Mynah Birds , he moved to Los Angeles , where he formed Buffalo Springfield with Stephen Stills , Richie Furay and others . Young had released two solo albums by the time he joined Crosby , Stills & Nash in 1969 , in addition to two as a member of Buffalo Springfield . From his early solo albums and those with his backing band Crazy Horse , Young has recorded a steady stream of studio and live albums , sometimes warring with his recording company along the way . Young 's often distorted electric guitar work , deeply personal lyrics and signature tenor singing voice transcend his long career . Young also plays piano and harmonica on many albums which frequently combine folk , rock , blues and other musical styles . Known to rip up live set lists , Young often plays acoustic versions of songs in one show and electric versions in others . His gritty guitar work , especially with Crazy Horse , earned him the nickname `` Godfather of Grunge '' and led to his 1995 album Mirror Ball with Pearl Jam . More recently Young has been backed by Promise of the Real . Young directed ( or co-directed ) films using the pseudonym Bernard Shakey , including Journey Through the Past ( 1973 ) , Rust Never Sleeps ( 1979 ) , Human Highway ( 1982 ) , Greendale ( 2003 ) , and CSNY/D éjà Vu ( 2008 ) . He also contributed to the soundtracks of the films Philadelphia ( 1993 ) and Dead Man ( 1995 ) . Young has received several Grammy and Juno awards . The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame inducted him twice : as a solo artist in 1995 and in 1997 as a member of Buffalo Springfield . In 2000 , Rolling Stone named Young the 34th greatest rock 'n roll artist . He has lived in California since the 1960s but retains Canadian citizenship . He was awarded the Order of Manitoba on July 14 , 2006 , and was made an Officer of the Order of Canada on December 30 , 2009 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b124d40bdb397593e8ca39ddc07f5931", "text": "Buffalo Springfield (album) Buffalo Springfield is the eponymous debut album by the folk rock band Buffalo Springfield , released in December of 1966 on Atco Records . It peaked at # 80 on the Billboard Top Pop Albums chart . It is the first album to feature the songwriting of future stars Stephen Stills and Neil Young .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dcc5404af25a7922ddce85baf6c52698", "text": "Neil Conti Neil Conti ( born 12 February 1959 ) is an English drummer and music producer who was an integral member of the pop/rock band Prefab Sprout , while continuing to be in demand as a session drummer for artists and bands such as David Bowie , Mick Jagger , Annie Lennox , Cher , Level 42 , Laurie Anderson , Steve Winwood , Paul Young , Youssou N'dour , Brian Eno , Robert Palmer , Deep Forest , Will Young and many more .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "521b399767b515b4b59b1758a6c55d52", "text": "We Were Young (album) We Were Young is the debut solo album by Jonathan Jones , the singer and song writer for the bands Waking Ashland and We Shot the Moon . The CD was first released to various websites and iTunes on February 3 , 2009 . Jones stated that physical copies of the CD will be available `` this fall when -LSB- he -RSB- does a solo tour '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3898f0c0744892509e1a65f70843824b", "text": "Just for You (Neil Diamond album) Just for You is the second album by Neil Diamond . Like his debut , it has never been released on CD , though all but two of the tracks were made available on the Classics : The Early Years compilation . All tracks are also available on the compilation album The Bang Years 1966-1968 . At some point or another , every single track on it was released either as an A-side or a B-side of a single , with many of them becoming big hits : `` You Got to Me '' ( # 18 ) , `` Girl , You 'll Be a Woman Soon '' ( # 10 ) , `` Thank the Lord for the Night Time '' ( # 13 ) , `` Red Red Wine '' ( # 62 ) , and `` Shilo '' ( # 24 in 1970 ) . Curiously , the year-old hit `` Cherry Cherry '' ( from Diamond 's first LP ) also appears here , while the then-current hit `` Kentucky Woman '' ( # 22 ) does not . `` Solitary Man '' also re-appears in its 1966 version . This version would be re-released in 1970 and chart at # 21 . This was Diamond 's first album consisting entirely of original material , and his final album for the Bang label .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15b3c6fa88e737e81fc8e13af0f60db5", "text": "Light of the Stable (album) Light of the Stable is a Christmas album by Emmylou Harris . It was originally released in 1979 by Warner Bros. . Records but has since gone through several intervening releases . The 1992 Warner release was a remastered version of the original with a different album cover . The latest edition was released in 2004 by Rhino Records . It contains three newly recorded tracks in addition to remastered versions of the ten original tracks . Its cover came from the record sleeve of the original 45-rpm single version of `` Light of the Stable '' that was released in 1975 . The title song featured harmony vocals from Neil Young , Dolly Parton and Linda Ronstadt .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c08a2b627fe945deffe71127995f3b7", "text": "12 Songs (Neil Diamond album) 12 Songs is the twenty-sixth studio album by Neil Diamond , released in 2005 . It was his first album of all-original , all-new material since 2001 's Three Chord Opera . It was produced by Rick Rubin and is often erroneously cited as the first Diamond album since the Bang Records era to feature the artist playing acoustic guitar ; in truth he played guitar on his Uni/MCA output and his Columbia output , possibly uncredited on most , if not all , albums . The working title for the album was self-titled . The original pressing of the album was copy-protected using Sony 's controversial XCP technology .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72a1cc2d2d39fcc2f463931d835126d2", "text": "Lead Us Not into Temptation Lead Us Not into Temptation is an album by David Byrne , released in 2003 for the movie Young Adam , a film directed by David MacKenzie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6303cb637b14b87b9614f3808ff94eef", "text": "30th Young Artist Awards The 30th Young Artist Awards ceremony , presented by the Young Artist Association , honored excellence of young performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film , television and theater for the 2008 season , and took place on March 29 , 2009 at Universal Studios ' Globe Theatre in Universal City , California . Special guest performers for the ceremony that year included Russian musical artists , `` Street Magic '' and Las Vegas father and son acrobat team , `` The Kalinins . '' Established in 1978 by long-standing Hollywood Foreign Press Association member Maureen Dragone , the Young Artist Association was the first organization to establish an awards ceremony specifically set to recognize and award the contributions of performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film , television , theater and music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f791d2e17260c4483e96d469a4041f40", "text": "Arc (Neil Young & Crazy Horse album) Arc is a live album of feedback , guitar noise , and vocal fragments that was realized from various shows on the 1991 Neil Young and Crazy Horse US tour , which was originally released with Weld in a special-edition 3-CD set called Arc-Weld . According to an interview with Steve Martin of Agnostic Front that appeared in the December 1991 issue of Pulse ! magazine , Arc had its genesis in a film that Young made called Muddy Track ( referred to in an interview with David Fricke in the November 28 , 1991 , issue of Rolling Stone ) , which consisted of the beginnings and endings of various songs from his 1987 European tour . Young placed a video camera on his amplifier during the 1987 tour and recorded the beginnings and endings of various songs , and later edited them down into the film 's soundtrack . `` It was the sound of the entire band being sucked into this little limiter , being compressed and fuckin ' distorted to hell , '' Young said to Martin , referring to the soundtrack of Muddy Track . Young then showed the video to Sonic Youth 's Thurston Moore , who suggested that he record an entire album in a similar manner . However , Arc was not recorded through video camera microphones , as was the case with Muddy Track , but instead was compiled from various professional multi-track recordings made throughout the tour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01b0fd3b90ca559fbebe1f424c78d9ec", "text": "Neil Young (album) Neil Young is the self-titled debut studio album by Canadian musician Neil Young , which was his debut release as a solo artist following his departure from the band Buffalo Springfield . Released first on November 12 , 1968 , it was then partially remixed and re-released in January 1969 . In neither case did it appear on the Billboard 200 album chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ed7d8ca4d3bb4f94ec8ad62455dd972", "text": "Neil Leyton Neil Leyton is a Portuguese-Canadian singer and guitarist born in Lisbon . He has lived and played music in Toronto , London , and Stockholm . He was a founding member and songwriter in Canadian art-glam indie project The Conscience Pilate from 1995 to 1998 , beginning a solo career in 1999 . He is also the founder of the Fading Ways record label , one of the first to use Creative Commons licenses . Leyton was a vocal proponent of the Creative Commons giving several seminars and speaking at conferences about its possible uses in the music industry , including Music Tank ( London ) and Popkomm ( Berlin ) . He has also played guitar for other musical projects live and in the studio , most notably British glam rockers Dogs D'Amour , Canadian rockers Crash Kelly ( fellow Canadian musician Sean Kelly 's band ) and Canadian power pop outfit Galore . He participated in a side-project with Ky Anto , titled Pretty Volume , and recorded an E.P. with fellow Canadian guitarist Rich Jones and The Wildhearts ' frontman Ginger in the UK . The Hellacopters 's Nicke Andersson and Backyard Babies 's guitarist Dregen were guests on Leyton 's The Betrayal of the Self album , released in 2006 via Feedback Boogie and Fading Ways Records . In December 2008 he released an exclusive fans-only new album , Metacognitive Apperceptions . Leyton has also produced several independent recording sessions for artists such as Mark Fernyhough and Maria Pettersson . In 2009 he participated in a new side project with The Hellacopters 's Nicke Andersson , called The Point , releasing a 7 '' vinyl single . He also co-wrote and sang on Andersson 's debut solo album Imperial State Electric , on the track `` Deja Vu '' , released in 2010 . At the end of 2010 he released the Elite Nylon album . In early 2011 , AWALUK released the compilation Out of Synch , featuring mostly acoustic material from Leyton 's back-catalogue as well as some unreleased tracks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c865b086a3607815cdb07fde783c4e06", "text": "Young Artist Award The Young Artist Award ( originally known as the Youth in Film Award ) is an accolade bestowed by the Young Artist Association , a non-profit organization founded in 1978 to honor excellence of youth performers , and to provide scholarships for young artists who may be physically and/or financially challenged . First presented in 1979 , the Young Artist Awards was the first organization established to specifically recognize and award the contributions of performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film , television , theater and music . The 1st Youth In Film Awards ceremony was held in October 1979 , at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood to honor outstanding young performers of the 1978/1979 season . The 38th Annual Young Artist Awards ceremony , honoring young performers of 2016 , was held at the Alex Theatre in Los Angeles , California on March 17 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b3907e0f439d47ffba9e9459590723d", "text": "Unsigned artist An unsigned artist , unsigned band or independent artist is a musician or musical group not under a contract with a record label . The terms are used in the music industry as a marketing technique . Bands that release their own material on self-published CDs can also be considered unsigned bands . Often unsigned bands primarily exist to perform at concerts . In more recent years , the Internet has helped promote the music of unsigned bands . Artists often post their music as MP3s on websites such as Bandcamp , SoundCloud , Myspace , PureVolume , GarageBand.com and SoundClick . In 2016 , the Unsigned Music Awards was established in the UK as the first ever televised international awards ceremony to champion artists without the backing of a record label . UK unsigned bands and musicians are able to use such services as The Unsigned Guide and to gather music industry contact names , phone numbers , websites and social media links , as well as information on how to get signed or market music independently . Song pitching websites , such as TAXI allow unsigned musicians to see which record labels ( and other music companies ) are currently seeking new music . Further , companies like Sentric Music and the royalty payment service offered by Last.fm can help in generating income streams for unsigned bands .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ead9460a24d9005a690245cc24902e3d", "text": "Non-linear editing system Non-destructive editing is a form of audio , video or image editing where the original content is not modified in the course of editinginstead the edits themselves are specified and modified by specialized software . A pointer-based playlisteffectively an edit decision list ( EDL ) for video or a directed acyclic graph for still images is used to keep track of edits . Each time the edited audio , video , or image is rendered , played back , or accessed , it is reconstructed from the original source and the specified editing steps . Although this process is more computationally intensive than directly modifying the original content , changing the edits themselves can be almost instantaneous , and it prevents further generation loss as the audio , video , or image is edited . A non-linear editing system ( NLE ) is a video ( NLVE ) or audio editing ( NLAE ) digital audio workstation ( DAW ) system that performs non-destructive editing on source material . The name is in contrast to 20th century methods of linear video editing and film editing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d403ba95538df951631b910094752a5", "text": "Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist . It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . '' The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist . Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 . Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year . 1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a52dda3df22baee3cba59805a8cacbc0", "text": "Warning (Green Day album) Warning ( stylized as WARNING :) is the sixth studio album by American punk rock band Green Day , released on October 3 , 2000 by Reprise Records . Building upon its predecessor , Nimrod ( 1997 ) , the album eschewed the band 's trademark punk rock sound and incorporated acoustic elements and pop and folk styles . Lyrically , the record contains more optimistic and inspirational themes in comparison with the band 's earlier releases . Warning was also Green Day 's first album since Kerplunk ( 1992 ) that was not produced by Rob Cavallo , although he did have a hand in its production and was credited as executive producer . Despite mixed criticism towards the band 's stylistic change , the album received mostly positive reviews from music critics , who praised vocalist/guitarist Billie Joe Armstrong 's songwriting . Although it peaked at number four on the US Billboard 200 chart , Warning represented the lowest commercial slump in Green Day 's career , being the band 's first album since signing to a major record label not to achieve multi-platinum status . The album has nonetheless been certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America and , as of December 2012 , has sold 1.2 million copies . Warning was reissued on vinyl on July 14 , 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40e700c49c89094f4bcbe675d1607486", "text": "We Die Young We Die Young is a single EP by the American rock band Alice in Chains , engineered and co-produced by Dave Jerden . It was released in July 1990 and is their first studio EP . This was a promo-only EP released on vinyl and cassette , and is thus a sought-after collector 's item amongst Alice in Chains fans .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e946a568b30ff0ba85f52fad338f29ea", "text": "Jennifer Young Jennifer Young ( born August 21 , 1969 ) is an American film producer and photographer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8eefdc4f53c59434331c239e37cf6352", "text": "In Too Deep (John Paul Young album) In Too Deep is the ninth studio album by Australian singer John Paul Young and first studio album in 10-years . The album was released in November 2006 . The album sees John reunite with his 70s hitmaker Harry Vanda as producer and principle songwriter , with whom he worked in the 1970s and became one of the biggest Australian stars .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9dbd785d80fbc65f6d47f5ed9a63d66f", "text": "Smashing Young Man `` Smashing Young Man '' is a song by the American band Collective Soul . It is the third single from their second studio album Collective Soul . The song was written as an insult to Smashing Pumpkins lead singer , Billy Corgan , who accused Collective Soul of plagiarizing music .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ce623c3f42fe701a76941846c7b5ceb0", "text": "Gemma Arterton Gemma Christina Arterton ( born 2 February 1986 ) is an English actress . Arterton made her film debut in the comedy film St Trinian 's ( 2007 ) . Her breakthrough role was in the James Bond film Quantum of Solace ( 2008 ) , playing Bond Girl Strawberry Fields , which won her an Empire Award for Best Newcomer . She is known for her roles in the fantasy films Clash of the Titans ( 2010 ) , Prince of Persia : The Sands of Time ( 2010 ) , Byzantium ( 2013 ) and as the character Gretel in Hansel and Gretel : Witch Hunters ( 2013 ) . She plays St. Joan in Bernard Shaw 's St. Joan at Donmar Warehouse , December 2016 . She plays the lead role in Their Finest ( 2017 ) .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "628f7327df7a2f7524793ca5c221d751", "text": "Judi Dench Dame Judith Olivia Dench ( born 9 December 1934 ) , known as Judi Dench , is an English actress and author . Dench made her professional debut in 1957 with the Old Vic Company . Over the following few years , she performed in several of Shakespeare 's plays in such roles as Ophelia in Hamlet , Juliet in Romeo and Juliet , and Lady Macbeth in Macbeth . Although most of her work during this period was in theatre , she also branched into film work and won a BAFTA Award as Most Promising Newcomer . She drew strong reviews for her leading role in the musical Cabaret in 1968 . Over the next two decades , Dench established herself as one of the most significant British theatre performers , working for the National Theatre Company and the Royal Shakespeare Company . She achieved success in television during this period , in the series A Fine Romance from 1981 until 1984 , and in 1992 with a starring role in the romantic comedy series As Time Goes By . Her film appearances were infrequent and included supporting roles in major films such as A Room with a View ( 1986 ) supporting Maggie Smith , before she rose to international fame as M in GoldenEye ( 1995 ) , a role she continued to play in James Bond films until Skyfall ( 2012 ) . A seven-time Oscar nominee , Dench won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role as Queen Elizabeth I in Shakespeare in Love and has received nominations for her roles in Mrs Brown ( 1997 ) , Chocolat ( 2000 ) , Iris ( 2001 ) , Mrs Henderson Presents ( 2005 ) , Notes on a Scandal ( 2006 ) , and Philomena ( 2013 ) . She has also received many award nominations for her acting in theatre , film and television ; her competitive awards include six British Academy Film Awards , four BAFTA TV Awards , seven Olivier Awards , two Screen Actors Guild Awards , two Golden Globes , and a Tony Award . She has also received the BAFTA Fellowship ( 2001 ) and the Special Olivier Award ( 2004 ) . In June 2011 , she received a fellowship from the British Film Institute ( BFI ) . Dench is also a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts ( FRSA ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57f3e959766a086697ca33d198105159", "text": "Song for Marion Song for Marion ( released in the United States as Unfinished Song ) is a 2012 British-German comedy-drama film written and directed by Paul Andrew Williams and starring Terence Stamp , Gemma Arterton , Christopher Eccleston and Vanessa Redgrave . The film was nominated for three awards -- Best Actor , Best Screenplay , and Best Supporting Actress -- at the 2012 British Independent Film Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a6b8fd45bf4e88231800fa7563cf1ce", "text": "Excalibur (film) Excalibur is a 1981 British epic fantasy war drama film directed , produced , and co-written by John Boorman that retells the legend of King Arthur and the knights of the Round Table , based solely on the 15th century Arthurian romance Le Morte d'Arthur by Thomas Malory . It stars Nigel Terry as Arthur , Nicol Williamson as Merlin , Nicholas Clay as Lancelot , Cherie Lunghi as Guenevere , Helen Mirren as Morgana , Liam Neeson as Gawain , Corin Redgrave as Cornwall , and Patrick Stewart as Leondegrance . The film is named after the legendary sword of King Arthur that features prominently in Arthurian literature . The film 's soundtrack features the music of Richard Wagner and Carl Orff , along with an original score by Trevor Jones . Excalibur was shot entirely on location in Ireland , employing Irish actors and crew . It has been acknowledged for its importance to the Irish filmmaking industry and for helping launch the film and acting careers of a number of Irish and English actors , including Mirren , Neeson , Stewart , Gabriel Byrne , Neil Jordan , and Ciarán Hinds . Excalibur achieved moderate box office success while receiving mixed reviews . Film critics Roger Ebert and Vincent Canby criticised the film 's plot and characters , although they and other reviewers praised its visual style . Excalibur opened at number one in the United States , eventually grossing $ 34,967,437 on a budget of around US$ 11 million to rank 18th in that year 's receipts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c8d8948e8118a2ae2839eb46575e06fe", "text": "Romolo e Remo Romolo e Remo ( AKA : Duel of the Titans and Romulus and Remus ) is a 1961 film directed by Sergio Corbucci and starring Steve Reeves , Gordon Scott , and Virna Lisi . Tagline : `` The Legendary Conflict of Mankind 's Mightiest Mortals ! ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "db3ba11949d0dfa240b8f656a789cb59", "text": "Kaya Scodelario Kaya Scodelario-Davis ( born Kaya Rose Humphrey ; March 13 , 1992 ) is an English actress . She made her acting debut as Effy Stonem on the E4 teen drama Skins ( 2007-2010 ) , for which she received recognition and critical praise , garnering two Golden Nymph Award nominations for Outstanding Actress in a Drama Series and two TV Quick Award nominations for Best Actress . Following her film debut in the science-fiction film Moon ( 2009 ) and a role in the fantasy adventure film Clash of the Titans ( 2010 ) , Scodelario was nominated for the Glamour Award for PANDORA Breakthrough for her portrayal of Catherine Earnshaw in the 2011 film adaptation of Emily Brontë 's novel Wuthering Heights . In 2013 , Scodelario reprised the role of Effy in Skins Fire , and gained the supporting role of Anna Salter in the Channel 4 television drama Southcliffe ( 2013 ) ; she was nominated for both for the UK TV Actress Award at the 2014 GLAMOUR Women of the Year Awards . She gained wider recognition for her starring role as Teresa Agnes in dystopian science-fiction thriller The Maze Runner ( 2014 ) , which garnered her a third Glamour Award nomination for NEXT Breakthrough and a Teen Choice Award nomination for Choice Movie Actress : Action . She reprised the role in Maze Runner : The Scorch Trials ( 2015 ) and will reprise it again in Maze Runner : The Death Cure ( 2018 ) . Scodelario starred as Carina Smyth in Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Men Tell No Tales , which was released May 26 , 2017 . Since 2015 , Scodelario has been married to American actor Benjamin Walker , with whom she has a son .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "437dfc085a0511bf6d7b7e5e7435752b", "text": "Fish Tank (film) Fish Tank is a 2009 British drama film written and directed by Andrea Arnold . The film is about Mia Williams , a volatile and socially isolated 15-year-old who lives with her single mother , Joanne . The mother 's new boyfriend , Conor , becomes attracted to Mia and has sex with her . Fish Tank was well-received and won the Jury Prize at the 2009 Cannes Film Festival . It also won the 2010 BAFTA for Best British Film . It was filmed in the Mardyke Estate in Havering , the town of Tilbury , and the A13 , and funded by BBC Films and the UK Film Council . The film was theatrically released on 11 September 2009 by Curzon Artificial Eye .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc4f19f62e1649e6dd930e9ff1c141b1", "text": "Hugh Grant Hugh John Mungo Grant ( born 9 September 1960 ) is an English actor and film producer . Grant has received a Golden Globe , a BAFTA , and an Honorary César for his work . His films have earned more than US$ 2.4 billion from 25 theatrical releases worldwide . Grant first received attention after earning the Volpi Cup for his performance in James Ivory 's Maurice ( 1987 ) but achieved international success after appearing in the Richard Curtis-scripted Four Weddings and a Funeral ( 1994 ) . Grant used this breakthrough role as a frequent cinematic persona during the 1990s , delivering comic performances in films such as Mickey Blue Eyes ( 1999 ) and Notting Hill ( 1999 ) . One of the best known figures in 1990s British popular culture , Grant was in a high-profile relationship with Elizabeth Hurley , which was the focus of much attention in the British and international media . By the turn of the 21st century , Grant had established himself as a leading man , skilled with a satirical comic talent . Grant has expanded his oeuvre with critically acclaimed turns as a cad in Bridget Jones 's Diary ( 2001 ) , About a Boy ( 2002 ) , and American Dreamz ( 2006 ) . Grant later played against type with multiple cameo roles in the epic sci-fi drama film , Cloud Atlas ( 2012 ) . He 's also known for appearing in period pieces such as The Remains of the Day ( 1993 ) , Sense and Sensibility ( 1995 ) and Florence Foster Jenkins ( 2016 ) . Within the film industry , Grant is cited as an anti-star who approaches his roles like a character actor , and attempts to make his acting appear spontaneous . Hallmarks of his comic skills include a nonchalant touch of irony/sarcasm and studied physical mannerisms , as well as his precisely-timed dialogue delivery and facial expressions . The entertainment media 's coverage of Grant 's life off the big screen has often overshadowed his work as an actor . Grant has been outspoken about his antipathy towards the profession of acting , and in his disdain towards the culture of celebrity and hostility towards the media . In a career spanning 30 years , Grant has repeatedly claimed that acting was not his true calling , but rather a career that unintentionally developed by happenstance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "702b724dc176667d708bd4f860f839f2", "text": "AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role The AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role is an award presented by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts ( AACTA ) , a non-profit organisation whose aim is to `` identify , award , promote and celebrate Australia 's greatest achievements in film and television . '' The award is presented at the annual AACTA Awards , which hands out accolades for achievements in feature films , television , documentaries and short films . From 1971 -- 2010 , the category was presented by the Australian Film Institute ( AFI ) , the Academy 's parent organisation , at the annual Australian Film Institute Awards ( known as the AFI Awards ) . When the AFI launched the Academy in 2011 , it changed the annual ceremony to the AACTA Awards , with the current award being a continuum of the AFI Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role . It was presented as a special award , from 1971 -- 1975 , and was accompanied with a cash prize , before it became a competitive award from 1976 , onward . Judy Davis is the most nominated actress in this category , with five wins from eight nominations , most recently for her role in The Eye of the Storm ( 2011 ) . Candidates for this award must be human and female , and can not be nominated for the same role in the supporting actress category .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fcb6d4aab18e76a99f6a6599b1a0a43f", "text": "Miranda Harcourt Miranda Catherine Millais Harcourt ( born 1962 ) is a New Zealand actress and acting coach . She is the daughter of actress Dame Kate Harcourt . Harcourt 's acting career began playing boy character on Radio New Zealand in the early 1970s . She is best known for her role as `` Gemma '' in the 1980s TV drama series Gloss . Harcourt spent three years acting on the show , and her character was so despicable that people spat at and insulted Harcourt in public . Harcourt received a nomination in the 1989 Film and TV Awards for best actress for the role . Harcourt has starred in countless productions across New Zealand and in Australia . The exhaustive and comprehensive list can be found at Theatre Aotearoa Database .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dea10774d2b029ccd7185e77152466ae", "text": "Foster (film) Foster ( also known as Angel in the House ) is a 2011 British comedy-drama film written and directed by Jonathan Newman , based on his 2005 short film . Part of it was shot at Legoland Windsor in April 2010 . The film stars Golden Globe winner Toni Collette , Ioan Gruffudd , Richard E. Grant , BAFTA Award winner Hayley Mills and Maurice Cole .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7512ebb030fc56583a0f553f03dd4c4", "text": "Enchanted (film) Enchanted is a 2007 American live-action/animated musical fantasy romantic comedy film , produced by Walt Disney Pictures with New York Academy Barry Sonnenfeld and Josephson Entertainment . Written by Bill Kelly and directed by Kevin Lima , the film stars Amy Adams , Patrick Dempsey , James Marsden , Timothy Spall , Idina Menzel , Rachel Covey , and Susan Sarandon . The plot focuses on Giselle , an archetypal Disney Princess , who is forced from her traditional animated world of Andalasia into the live-action world of New York City . Enchanted was the first Disney film to be distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , instead of Buena Vista Pictures Distribution . The film is both a homage to , and a self-parody of , Disney 's animated features , making numerous references to Disney 's past works through the combination of live-action filmmaking , traditional animation , and computer-generated imagery . It marks the return of traditional animation to a Disney feature film after the company 's decision to move entirely to computer animation in 2004 . Composer Alan Menken and lyricist Stephen Schwartz , who had written songs for previous Disney films , produced the songs of Enchanted , with Menken also composing its score . The animation sequences were produced at James Baxter Animation in Pasadena . Filming of the live action segments took place around New York City . It premiered on October 20 , 2007 , at the London Film Festival before its wide release on November 21 , 2007 , in the United States . Enchanted was well-received critically , established Adams as a leading lady , and earned more than $ 340 million worldwide at the box office . It won three Saturn Awards , including Best Fantasy Film and Best Actress for Adams . Enchanted also received two nominations at the 65th Golden Globe Awards and three Best Original Song nominations at the 80th Academy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5baeb35019ef2435876029e97fb4ce3d", "text": "The Clash: Westway to the World The Clash : Westway to the World is a 2000 documentary film about the British punk rock band The Clash . In 2003 it won the Grammy Award for Best Long Form Music Video . Directed by Don Letts , the film combines old footage from the band 's personal collection filmed in 1982 when The Clash went to New York City with new interviews conducted for the film by Mal Peachey of members Mick Jones , Paul Simonon , Topper Headon , and Joe Strummer and other people associated with the group ( including founding drummer Terry Chimes ) . Although The Clash : Westway to the World ostensibly provides an overview of the band 's history , the film implies that The Clash broke up in 1983 when Mick Jones left the band , making no mention of the post-Jones version of the band that existed between 1983 and 1986 , nor the album that iteration produced ( Cut the Crap ) . Danny Garcia 's 2012 documentary film The Rise and Fall of The Clash covers this period in some depth , placing an emphasis on the band 's declining years and the repercussions of Mick Jones ' ouster . Garcia 's film also features interviews with latter-day Clash members Pete Howard , Nick Sheppard , and Vince White .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4aa737897dbb8eb97affa6f145fb3223", "text": "Aron Anazia Aron Anazia is a Designer and a Classically Trained ACTOR . From the town of Landover Hills , Aron has always had an interest for the Arts and Sciences . He would participate in Theatrical & Modeling performances but slowed down to focus more on the sciences , as he was placed in Advanced Chemistry courses in High School . So he applied to North Carolina Agricultural And Technical State University as a Chemistry Major . By his third year in University , Aron was featured in 4 out 4 of the Universities Major Theatrical productions as a Non-Theater Major . Aron also studied abroad , interned at the University Radio Station ( WNAA 90.1 ) , and Acted as a liaison between Capital records and his fellow students . After his study at North Carolina Agricultural And Technical State University , Aron decided to go to London to become a Classically trained Actor , thanks to the late-great Frankie Day A couple great Actors who have trained with this historically relevant training facility include : James Lithgow , Benedict Cummberbatch , Chiwetel Ejiofor , and David Oyelowo . Once in London , Aron yearned to experiment with the sciences again . From experimenting in brewery to Acting to Sonic Design , Aron yearned to excel inside and outside of the classroom . He then left the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Arts to film an independent ( experimental ) feature entitled `` You Changed The World . '' While filming in East Africa , Aron decided to do something considered a little off-center and decided to dabble in music back in the States again . While in the U.S , Aron connected with a lot of lost friends . While producing `` basement infused sonic designs '' Aron discovered a sound and a style that he decided to safeguard . With the support of his friends and family , he released a sonic collection entitled `` Training Music . '' As if that was n't enough , he then decided to retire from music production all together in order to produce ` Design Films . '", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3306117aa28a9631077b9ff43cfdd38a", "text": "'71 (film) '71 is a 2014 British historical thriller film set in Northern Ireland , written by Gregory Burke and directed by Yann Demange . It stars Jack O'Connell , Sean Harris , David Wilmot , Richard Dormer , Paul Anderson and Charlie Murphy , and tells the story of a British soldier who becomes separated from his unit during a riot in Belfast at the height of the Troubles in 1971 . Filming began on location in Blackburn , Lancashire , in April 2013 and continued in Sheffield and Liverpool . The film was funded by the British Film Institute , Film4 , Creative Scotland and Screen Yorkshire . The film had its premiere in the competition section of the 64th Berlin International Film Festival , held in February 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d3df462865dd0ba35cc53028e8eb12d", "text": "Genesis Theatre Genesis Theatre were an amateur theatre group that existed from 1975 to 1982 in the Greater Manchester area . The name was taken from the book of Genesis , because when they started out they were literally at their beginning . The group were known for attempting large productions more commonly associated with professional theatre groups ( such as the Who 's Tommy and an aborted first attempt at Jeff Wayne 's the War of the Worlds ) as well as several original musicals . They had several premieres amongst their productions , some being Amateur World Premieres , others simply Amateur North West Premieres . The two key members were Chris Fogg ( Writer and Director ) and Chris Dumigan ( Musical Director ) . However the most well known former members are Mike Shaft ( who has his own radio station Radio Sunset ) and Louis Emerick ( who appeared in the Channel 4 soap opera Brookside BBC 's Casualty and many programmes besides ) . The most critically well received show was the Who 's Tommy , which was the first North West stage presentation of the concept album and was approved by Pete Townshend . At the same time Townshend had given his sanction for a Southern Amateur company to present Tommy ; they beat Genesis Theatre to the stage by a matter of a few weeks . It was their production that Townshend saw and eventually took to the professional stage . There was an aborted attempt to put on the first theatre performance of Jeff Wayne 's the War of the Worlds at the Royal Exchange Theatre in Manchester . This needed a reasonable budget and a sponsor was found in Renault . However two weeks before the initial performance Renault were taken over by a new company , who - refusing to pay towards any sponsorship - withdrew their funding , and the show was cancelled . Interestingly it was never put onto the live stage until 2005 , when Jeff Wayne finally toured with his own version of the complete musical . Unsurprisingly the original musicals Stag and Marilyn are the ones discussed most often by former members . Stag is a complex story about the half-man half-beast god Herne the Hunter seducing a woman . Marilyn tells the story of an actress who plays the part of Marilyn Monroe and finds her life tragically mirroring her predecessor . In 1979 Mike Mansfield , who was well known at the time for TV programmes such as Supersonic , expressed an interest in the group . He provided the funding for the group to go into the studio and record Stag , this caught the attention of Robert Stigwood who was the then manager of the Bee Gees , who had recently peaked with their Saturday Night Fever album . There were reports that Chris Fogg and Chris Dumigan were about to be signed , but when the Bee Gees sued their manager , this stopped dead any hopes of Stigwood having the necessary cash to fund Stag , so the idea was permanently shelved . Genesis Theatre effectively ended in 1982 when Chris Fogg moved from Greater Manchester to Somerset . It was generally felt that the group were no longer moving forward and had either missed their lucky break or it was never going to arrive after 7 years . Several principal members have since died , including Graham Brittain ( Chairman ) , Nicky Baird ( Principal Cast Member ) and Mike Bonwick ( Bass player ) . Chris Dumigan still lives in the Greater Manchester area as do several other former members and there are regular reunions . In 2003 , Chris Dumigan wrote his memoirs of Genesis Theatre and can be found along with similar biographies by Chris Fogg , Guy Taylor , Alison Davis , Anita King and Alan Ratcliff on the website at www.genesistheatre.co.uk , along with hundreds of photographs of all the shows they did . There has also been some restoration work performed on the studio recordings of Stag and a live recording of Marilyn . Moreover , as most of the shows were recorded at least once during the live performances to stereo cassette , these have all now been transferred to a program that cleans up recordings , during which the recordings were de - hissed and maximised in a number of ways to make the end result as dynamic as possible.Then they have been transferred to CDs . Everyone of the shows listed above that were actually staged ( except ` Shakespeare 's Greatest Hit ' , and '' And Afterwards at ... ' ) have at least one full live recording in the archives , and in the case of ` You 're A Good Man Charlie Brown , the Royal Exchange performance exists on DVD . For any further information contact Chris Dumigan", "title": "" }, { "docid": "351f7e4acadce62cbab65a26f0bb7a37", "text": "The Theory of Everything (2014 film) The Theory of Everything is a 2014 British biographical romantic drama film directed by James Marsh and adapted by Anthony McCarten from the memoir Travelling to Infinity : My Life with Stephen by Jane Wilde Hawking , which deals with her relationship with her ex-husband , theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking , his diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS , also known as Lou Gehrig 's disease or motor neurone disease ) , and his success in physics . The film stars Eddie Redmayne and Felicity Jones with Charlie Cox , Emily Watson , Simon McBurney , Christian McKay , Harry Lloyd and David Thewlis featured in supporting roles . The film had its world premiere at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival on 7 September 2014 . The film was acclaimed critically worldwide , with praise for the musical score , cinematography and the performance of Felicity Jones and especially Eddie Redmayne , which earned him nominations for a variety of accolades in award shows and film festivals , including the Academy Award for Best Actor . The film received four Golden Globe Award nominations , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Redmayne and Best Original Score for Jóhannsson . It received three Screen Actors Guild Awards nominations , winning one for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role for Redmayne . It received 10 British Academy Film Awards nominations and won Outstanding British Film , Best Leading Actor ( for Redmayne ) and Best Adapted Screenplay ( for McCarten ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6620828ce45de69990112f3dcfe31176", "text": "Critics' Circle Award for Distinguished Service to the Arts Each year since 1988 The Critics ' Circle has presented an award for Distinguished Service to the Arts , voted for by all members of the Circle , embracing Dance , Drama , Film , Music , Visual Arts and Architecture . This performing arts Award takes the form of an engraved crystal rose bowl , presented at a celebratory luncheon . The recipients were : 1988 Sir Peter Hall 1989 Dame Ninette de Valois 1990 Sir Michael Tippett 1991 Sir David Lean 1992 Sir John Mills 1993 Sir Peter Ustinov 1994 Sir John Drummond 1995 Sir Peter Wright 1996 Sir Richard Eyre 1997 Dame Judi Dench 1998 Sir Edward Downes 1999 Harold Pinter 2000 Dame Alicia Markova 2001 Paul Scofield 2002 Sir Alfred Brendel 2003 Sir Ian McKellen 2004 Mike Leigh 2005 Alan Bennett 2006 Dame Helen Mirren 2007 Sir Tom Stoppard 2008 Peter Brook 2009 Sir Alan Ayckbourn 2010 Ken Loach 2011 Stephen Sondheim 2013 Grayson Perry 2014 Sir Nicholas Hytner 2015 Dame Maggie Smith Category : Performing arts awards", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c08931a3823dd4048a181d7d1130379a", "text": "Kate Winslet filmography Kate Winslet is a British actress and singer who has appeared in numerous films and television series . Her film debut was as Juliet Hulme in the 1994 film Heavenly Creatures . She went on to appear in the later 1990s films Sense and Sensibility as Marianne Dashwood ( 1995 ) , which earned her a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress , Jude as Sue Bridehead ( 1996 ) , Hamlet as Ophelia ( 1996 ) and Titanic as Rose DeWitt Bukater ( 1997 ) . For her role in Titanic , it earned her Best Actress nominations for an Academy Award , Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Award . In the 2000s , she was cast in Enigma with Dougray Scott ( 2001 ) , Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind with Jim Carrey ( 2004 ) , Finding Neverland with Johnny Depp ( 2004 ) , The Holiday with Jack Black ( 2006 ) , The Reader with David Kross ( 2008 ) and Revolutionary Road with Leonardo DiCaprio ( 2008 ) , her second collaboration with him , the first being in Titanic . She won an Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in The Reader . She also lent her voice to the animated film Flushed Away in 2006 with Hugh Jackman . In 2011 , Winslet starred in the all-star cast films , in Contagion with Marion Cotillard , Matt Damon , Jude Law and Gwyneth Paltrow and in Carnage alongside Jodie Foster , Christoph Waltz and John C. Reilly . In 2014 , she played Jeanine Matthews in the first film of the series , Divergent , based on the novel of the same name . She reprised the role in the 2015 sequel Insurgent . In 2015 , she starred in titular role in The Dressmaker and as an ex marketing chief of Apple Joanna Hoffman in a biopic Steve Jobs , earning her seventh Oscar nomination . Her television work includes appearing in several episodes of the series Dark Season in 1991 , and three episodes on Get Back from 1992 to 1993 . In 2005 , she appeared in an episode of Extras as herself and received her first Emmy nomination and went on to win one for her portrayal of Mildred Pierce Beragon in Todd Haynes 's 2011 miniseries Mildred Pierce .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed0071482bbfb4a5b13c38c263d3d2ec", "text": "2014 Teen Choice Awards The 2014 Teen Choice Awards ceremony was held on August 10 , 2014 at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles . The event was originally scheduled to take place at the UCLA Pauley Pavilion , which was flooded by a broken water pipe on July 29 , 2014 near the campus . It was broadcast on Fox at 8:00 -- 10:00 pm ET live/PT tape-delayed . The awards celebrate the year 's achievements in music , film , television , sports , fashion , comedy , and the Internet , and were voted on by viewers aged 13 through 19 . Selena Gomez was awarded the Ultimate Choice Award during the show . One Direction were the biggest winners of the night , winning all ten awards they were nominated for ( including an award given out to Harry Styles and one dedicated to their fans ) . The Fault in Our Stars won all seven of its nominations as well , including four awards for Ansel Elgort .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76f7437cb59b8acafe7b352d27679ce9", "text": "Clash of the Titans (franchise) Clash of the Titans is a British -- American fantasy action media franchise based on characters and myths of Ancient Greek mythology . The first film , Clash of the Titans , was released in 1981 with a remake made in 2010 . The remake spawned a sequel , Wrath of the Titans , in 2012 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "1022eaffedbf6cef7ebb78bda24b06b6", "text": "Hogwarts Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry , shortened Hogwarts , is a fictional British school of magic for students aged eleven to eighteen , and is the primary setting for the first six books in J.K. Rowling 's Harry Potter series . Rowling has suggested that she may have inadvertently taken the name from the hogwort plant ( Croton capitatus ) , which she had seen at Kew Gardens some time before writing the series , although the names `` The Hogwarts '' and `` Hoggwart '' appear in the 1954 Nigel Molesworth book How To Be Topp by Geoffrey Willans . Hogwarts school was voted as the 36th best Scottish educational establishment in a 2008 online ranking , outranking Edinburgh 's Loretto School . According to a director of the Independent Schools Network Rankings , it was added to the schools listing `` for fun '' and was then voted on .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "5a3a720a0588e43fdb5fb792ad29b02d", "text": "Occult The occult ( from the Latin word occultus `` clandestine , hidden , secret '' ) is `` knowledge of the hidden . '' In common English usage , occult refers to `` knowledge of the paranormal , '' as opposed to `` knowledge of the measurable , '' usually referred to as science . The term is sometimes taken to mean knowledge that `` is meant only for certain people '' or that `` must be kept hidden '' , but for most practicing occultists it is simply the study of a deeper spiritual reality that extends beyond pure reason and the physical sciences . The terms esoteric and arcane can also be used to describe the occult , in addition to their meanings unrelated to the supernatural . It also describes a number of magical organizations or orders , the teachings and practices taught by them , and to a large body of current and historical literature and spiritual philosophy related to this subject .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6d0d2b7726f3f1f34c679f08d790117", "text": "Book of Shadows A Book of Shadows is a book containing religious texts and instructions for magical rituals found within the Neopagan religion of Wicca.Throughout the centuries many practicing witches would account their knowledge in their Book Of Shadows , however once witches were threatened by the prospect of being executed many , wisely , stopped and destroyed their BoS in order to stay safe and alive . However there are still several books that have managed to survived through history . One famous Book of Shadows was created by the pioneering Wiccan Gerald Gardner sometime in the late 1940s or early 1950s , and which he utilised first in his Bricket Wood coven and then in other covens which he founded in following decades . The Book of Shadows is also used by other Wiccan traditions , such as Alexandrianism and Mohsianism , and with the rise of books teaching people how to begin following Wicca in the 1970s onward , the idea of the Book of Shadows was then further propagated amongst solitary practitioners unconnected to earlier traditions . Initially , when Wicca was still dominated by covens , `` only one copy -LSB- of the Book -RSB- existed for an entire coven , kept by the high priestess or high priest . That rule has proved unfeasible , and it is -LSB- now -RSB- commonplace for all Witches to have their own copies . '' In the various traditions that make up British Traditional Wicca , copies of the original Book composed by Gerald Gardner with the aid of his High Priestess Doreen Valiente , along with alterations and additions that have been made since then , is followed by adherents . They have tried to keep the contents of this Book a secret , although it has been published on a number of occasions by figures such as Charles Cardell , Lady Sheba , and Janet and Stewart Farrar . In other Wiccan traditions and amongst a number of solitary practitioners , alternate versions of the Book have been written that are independent of Gardner 's original . Numerous associations and traditions have since grown up around the Book of Shadows . Traditionally , `` a Witch 's book of shadows is destroyed upon death . '' The concept of the Book of Shadows has subsequently appeared in popular culture , for instance being utilised in the American television series Charmed and providing the title of films , musical albums and comics . However , in all these cases it was taken out of its original Wiccan context .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8ca59b5de5102e23e34fcb01f94f4f4", "text": "Minerva Press Minerva Press was a publishing house , noted for creating a lucrative market in sentimental and Gothic fiction in the late 18th century and early 19th century . It was established by William Lane ( 1745 ? -1814 ) at No 33 Leadenhall Street , London , when he moved his circulating library there in about 1790 . Among his stable of writers were many female authors including Regina Maria Roche ( The Maid of Hamlet , 1793 ; Clermont , 1798 ) ; Mrs. Eliza Parsons ( The Castle of Wolfenbach , 1793 ; The Mysterious Warning , 1796 ) ; and Eleanor Sleath ( The Orphan of the Rhine , 1798 ) whose Gothic fiction is included in the list of the seven Northanger Horrid Novels , recommended by the character Isabella Thorpe in Jane Austen 's novel of similar name . Six of the Northanger Seven were published by Minerva . However many titles were anonymous , including such novels as Count Roderic 's Castle ( 1794 ) , The Haunted Castle ( 1794 ) , The Animated Skeleton ( 1798 ) and The New Monk ( 1798 ) , and the five novels of Helen Craik . Authors such as Emma Parker ( `` Emma de Lisle '' ) and Amelia de Beauclerc , who wrote for Minerva Press in the 1800s , are obscure today , and the market for Minerva 's books became negligible after the death of its charismatic founder . Lane was succeeded as proprietor of the Minerva Press by his partner , Anthony King ( A. K. ) Newman , who gradually dropped the Minerva name from his books ' title pages during the 1820s . Later books published by the press bear the imprint `` A. K. Newman & Co. . '' In the 20th century , the name Minerva Press was used by at least one publisher unconnected with the original firm .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc4ddf4cccbcd83cabc6092c8ab22167", "text": "Barbarous name A barbarous name is a meaningless or seemingly meaningless word used in magic rituals . The term barbarous comes from the Greek barbaroi meaning those who do not follow Greek customs ( barbarians ) . Often these names were derived from foreign sources and acquired their `` barbarous '' nature from the magician 's lack of understanding of that language . Many ancient barbarous names were of Egyptian origin , though there were plenty of Hebrew and Persian names that were corrupted by transcription into Greek . They appear throughout the Greek Magical Papyri , a notable example being `` ablanathanalba . '' Iamblichus discusses barbarous names , warning magicians not to translate them even if their original meaning is discovered , due to the belief that the power of the names resided in their sound , not their meaning . The term also appears in the Chaldean Oracles . By the medieval period most were from Greek and Hebrew sources , such as `` anexhexeton . '' Gemistus Pletho censored references to barbarous names ( as well as Christianity ) in Michael Psellos 's copy of the Chaldean Oracles . The Enochian language of John Dee and Edward Kelley introduced a variety of barbarous names to modern magical practice . In the modern era , Aleister Crowley , like Iamblichus before him , argued that the supposed effectiveness of barbarous names rested in their utterance , not their meaning .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f87cb5ef3c2ad475e0d2a1d7fb437687", "text": "Trewartha Trewartha and Andrewartha are Cornish family names ( and placename , Dexter ) . There are places called Trewartha in the parishes of Merther , St Agnes , St Neot and Veryan . According to the Handbook of Cornish Names by G. Pawley White , `` Trewartha '' is a Cornish name meaning `` Upper Farm '' or `` Upper Homestead '' . Cornish Names by Dr T. F. G. Dexter : Royal Institution of Cornwall : publ . 1926 Longmans Green : reprinted 1968 Bradford Barton : says on p. 15 - Nouns : `` tre '' a `` town '' , feminine , ( maybe a hamlet or house , also Brythonic Celt Welsh `` tref '' , about 4-500AD ) . Adjectives : `` Wartha '' : `` upper '' ( maybe higher or greater or on a hill ) cf. `` Wollas '' : `` lower '' ( maybe smaller or lesser or in a valley , of the two ) . `` Trewartha '' page 25 . `` Andrewartha '' page 60 . Definite Article : `` An '' , ( Brythonic Celt Cornish language ) p18 , is used as : of the , in the , on the , at the , in place names . -LSB- JEA 8.2009 -RSB- Tre = Above , Upper ( x ) - - Wartha = Farm , Homestead ( x ) As An is Cornish for The , and Dre is mutated from the Cornish `` Tre '' Andrewartha means `` The Upper Farm '' or `` The Upper Homestead '' and it is generally accepted that both names have the same meaning .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f93b81ebb17f4e03cd63813999068237", "text": "Harry Potter Alliance The Harry Potter Alliance ( also known as the HPA ) is a nonprofit organization run primarily by Harry Potter fans . It was founded by Andrew Slack in 2005 to draw attention to human rights violations in Sudan . Since then , the organisation 's campaigns have focused on topics such as literacy , United States immigration reform , economic justice , gay rights , sexism , labor rights , mental health , body image , and climate change . They have received recognition from many popular figures in the Harry Potter community and have been the subject of multiple academic studies on fan activism and civic engagement among youth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c950122beea03b1aa9db8793dedc221b", "text": "Namesake A namesake is a person named after another . Namesake may also refer to a thing , such as a company , place , ship , building , or concept , named after a person . In general , the second recipient of a name , named for the first , is said to be the namesake of the first . The attribution can , however , go in the opposite direction , with namesake referring to the original holder of the name ( the eponym ) . The word is first recorded in the mid-seventeenth century , and probably comes from the phrase `` for -LSB- the , my , his , her -RSB- name 's sake '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d358b547970c637b48d39217c1f7cf70", "text": "Gandalf (mythology) Gandalf ( Gandálfr ) is a Dvergr ( Norse dwarf ) in Norse mythology , appearing in the so-called ` Tally of the Dwarves ' within the poem Völuspá from the Poetic Edda , as well as in the Prose Edda . The name derives from the Old Norse words gandr ( magic staff ) and álfr ( elf ) , thus a protective spirit who wields a magical wand . The name was also used for a Norse king in the Heimskringla . In his fictional writings , J. R. R. Tolkien eventually named his wizard Gandalf after the Dvergr , but initially used the name for the head of the dwarf party ( ultimately to be called Thorin Oakenshield ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8cdeaccd00bb2867e8043061d9f3211", "text": "Novel in Scotland The novel in Scotland includes all long prose fiction published in Scotland and by Scottish authors since the development of the literary format in the eighteenth century . The novel was soon a major element of Scottish literary and critical life . Tobias Smollett 's picaresque novels , such as The Adventures of Roderick Random and The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle mean that he is often seen as Scotland 's first novelist . Other Scots who contributed to the development of the novel in the eighteenth century include Henry Mackenzie and John Moore . There was a tradition of moral and domestic fiction in the early nineteenth century that included the work of Elizabeth Hamilton , Mary Brunton and Christian Johnstone . The outstanding literary figure of the early nineteenth century was Walter Scott , whose Waverley is often called the first historical novel . He had a major worldwide influence . His success led to a publishing boom in Scotland . Major figures that benefited included James Hogg , John Galt , John Gibson Lockhart , John Wilson and Susan Ferrier . In the mid-nineteenth century major literary figures that contributed to the development of the novel included David Macbeth Moir , John Stuart Blackie , William Edmondstoune Aytoun and Margaret Oliphant . In the late nineteenth century , a number of Scottish-born authors achieved international reputations , including Robert Louis Stevenson and Arthur Conan Doyle , whose Sherlock Holmes stories helped found the tradition of detective fiction . In the last two decades of the century the `` kailyard school '' ( cabbage patch ) depicted Scotland in a rural and nostalgic fashion , often seen as a `` failure of nerve '' in dealing with the rapid changes that had swept across Scotland in the industrial revolution . Figures associated with the movement include Ian Maclaren , S. R. Crockett and J. M. Barrie , best known for his creation of Peter Pan , which helped develop the genre of fantasy , as did the work of George MacDonald . Among the most important novels of the early twentieth century was The House with the Green Shutters by George Douglas Brown , which broke with the Kailyard tradition . John Buchan played a major role in the creation of the modern thriller with The Thirty-Nine Steps and Greenmantle . The Scottish literary Renaissance attempted to introduce modernism into art and create of a distinctive national literature . It increasingly focused on the novel . Major figures included Neil Gunn , George Blake , A. J. Cronin , Eric Linklater and Lewis Grassic Gibbon . There were also a large number of female authors associated with the movement , who included Catherine Carswell , Willa Muir , Nan Shepherd and Naomi Mitchison . Many major Scottish post-war novelists , such as Robin Jenkins , Jessie Kesson , Muriel Spark , Alexander Trocchi and James Kennaway spent most of their lives outside Scotland , but often dealt with Scottish themes . Successful mass-market works included the action novels of Alistair MacLean and the historical fiction of Dorothy Dunnett . A younger generation of novelists that emerged in the 1960s and 1970s included Allan Massie , Shena Mackay and Alan Spence . Working class identity continued to be explored by Archie Hind , Alan Sharp , George Friel and William McIlvanney . From the 1980s Scottish literature enjoyed another major revival , with figures including Alasdair Gray , James Kelman , Irvine Welsh , Alan Warner , Janice Galloway , A. L. Kennedy , Iain Banks , Candia McWilliam , Frank Kuppner and Andrew O'Hagan . In genre fiction Iain Banks , writing as Iain M. Banks , produced ground-breaking science fiction and Scottish crime fiction has been a major area of growth with the success of novelists including Frederic Lindsay , Quintin Jardine , Val McDermid , Denise Mina , Christopher Brookmyre , and particularly Ian Rankin and his Inspector Rebus novels . The most successful author of Scottish origins in recent years has been J. K. Rowling , author of the Harry Potter series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4f0d9502c89fb04f4ce1cb2af305ac6", "text": "Middle name In several cultures , people 's names usually include one or more names in addition to the portion that is usually considered adequate to identify them . In a number of cultures where a given name is expected to precede the surname , such a name is likely to be placed after the given name and before the surname , and thus called a middle name . In English-speaking American culture , that term is often applied ( arguably mistakenly ) to names , occupying that position , even if the bearer would insist that that name is being mistakenly called a `` middle name '' , and is actually ( to mention several types of atypical cases ) : part of a two-word given name ( e.g. Mary Anne , about Mary Anne Clarke , and `` Joe Bob Briggs '' ) , a maiden name ( e.g. Rodham ) , a patronymic ( e.g. Sergeyevich ) , or a baptismal name ( e.g. `` Christopher '' invoking St. Christopher ) . In the USA such names are specifically referred to as middle names ; in most other countries , as far as they are given names and not , for example , patronymics , they would simply be regarded as second , third etc. given names . The US `` middle name '' is often abbreviated to the middle initial ( e.g. Mary Lee Bianchi becomes Mary L. Bianchi , which is usually standard for signatures ) or omitted entirely in everyday use ( e.g. just Mary Bianchi ) . An individual may have more than one middle name , or none . In the United Kingdom , for comparison , she would usually be referred to as either Mary Bianchi , M. L. Bianchi or Mary Lee Bianchi , or she may choose Lee Bianchi , and informally there may be familiar shortenings . It is debatable how long multiple given names have existed in English-speaking countries , but it is certain that among royalty and aristocracy the practice existed by the late 17th century ( and possibly earlier ) , as exemplified in the name of the Stuart pretender James Francis Edward Stuart ( 1688 -- 1766 ) . Despite their relatively long existence in North America , the phrase `` middle name '' was not recorded until 1835 , in the periodical Harvardiana . The use of multiple middle names has been somewhat impeded recently by the increased use of computer databases that occasionally allow for only a single middle name or more commonly a middle initial in storing personal records , effectively preventing people with multiple middle names from being listed in such databases under their full name . This is worsened by longer compound names , like María del Pilar Pereyra or María de las Nieves García . The abbreviation `` N.M.N. '' ( no middle name ) or `` N.M.I. '' ( no middle initial ) , with or without periods , is sometimes used in formal documents in the United States , where a middle initial or name is expected but the person does not have one . The middle name can also be a maiden name . Since 1905 , `` middle name '' has also developed a figurative usage meaning a notable or outstanding attribute of a person , as in the phrase `` discretion is my middle name . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5adc5e84e1a9a2bd6ba76fef1b05f07f", "text": "A Wizard of Earthsea A Wizard of Earthsea is a young adult fantasy novel written by the American author Ursula K. Le Guin , first published by the small press Parnassus in 1968 . The novel received highly positive reviews , initially as a work for children , and later among a general audience as well . Set in the fictional archipelago of Earthsea , the story centers around a young mage named Ged , born in a village on the island Gont . Displaying great power while still a boy , he joins the school of wizardry , where his prickly nature drives him into conflict with one of his fellows . During a magical duel , Ged 's spell goes awry and releases a shadow creature that attacks him . The novel follows his journey as he seeks to be free of the creature . The book has often been described as a Bildungsroman or coming of age story , as it explores Ged 's process of learning to cope with power and come to terms with death . The novel also carries Taoist themes about a fundamental balance in the universe of Earthsea , which wizards are supposed to maintain , closely tied to the idea that language and names have power to affect the material world and alter this balance . Although the structure of the story is similar to that of a traditional epic , critics also described it as subverting this genre in many ways , such as by making the protagonist dark-skinned , in comparison to more typical white-skinned heroes . A Wizard of Earthsea is widely regarded as a classic of fantasy and young-adult literature and was one of the final recipients of the Lewis Carroll Shelf Award . The book was widely influential within the genre of fantasy ; Margaret Atwood , for instance , called A Wizard of Earthsea one of the `` wellsprings '' of fantasy literature . Le Guin would later write five subsequent books that , together with A Wizard of Earthsea , are referred to as the Earthsea Cycle : The Tombs of Atuan ( 1971 ) , The Farthest Shore ( 1972 ) , Tehanu ( 1990 ) , The Other Wind ( 2001 ) , and Tales from Earthsea ( 2001 ) . George Slusser has described the series as a `` work of high style and imagination '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50a460dd4b191c74503b0eae967cc6a7", "text": "Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film) Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix is a 2007 British-American fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . It is based on the novel of the same name by J. K. Rowling . The film , which is the fifth instalment in the Harry Potter film series , was written by Michael Goldenberg ( making this the only film in the series not to be scripted by Steve Kloves ) and produced by David Heyman and David Barron . The story follows Harry Potter 's fifth year at Hogwarts as the Ministry of Magic is in denial of Lord Voldemort 's return . The film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter , alongside Rupert Grint and Emma Watson as Harry 's best friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger . It is the sequel to Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire and is followed by Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince . Live-action filming took place in England and Scotland for exterior locations and Leavesden Film Studios in Watford for interior locations from February to November 2006 , with a one-month break in June . Post-production on the film continued for several months afterwards to add in visual effects . The film 's budget was reportedly between # 75 and 100 million ( $ 150 -- 200 million ) . Warner Bros. released the film in the United Kingdom on 12 July 2007 and in North America on 11 July , both in conventional and IMAX theatres ; it is the first Potter film to be released in IMAX 3D . As of April 2017 , Order of the Phoenix is the 39th-highest-grossing film of all time , and a critical and commercial success . The film opened to a worldwide 5-day opening of $ 333 million , fourteenth all-time , and grossed nearly $ 940 million total , second to Pirates of the Caribbean : At World 's End for the greatest total of 2007 . The film was nominated for two BAFTA Film Awards in 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d86e6c88c9879eb61076a66d9519304", "text": "School Captain School Captain is a student appointed or elected to represent the school in some cases the title is ` Head of School ' . This student , usually becomes the captain in the senior year , ( Year 12 , in secondary and Year 6 in primary schools ) in their final year of attending that school . It is similar to `` Student Body President '' in the United States , it is the senior representative of a school 's pupils , and the school , in the community . School captains are mainly found in British Empire legacy school systems : Australia , Canada , New Zealand , South Africa , India , Zimbabwe for example -LSB- -LSB- divine grace high school in india still appoints school captains as representative of the students body . The School captain is chosen from the Lower Sixth formers by ballot , students vote in their respective hostels which are considered as constituencies and staff members also cast their votes . After election the Incumbent officially hands over his duties to the elected school captain on first day of October three to four weeks before public examinations start to enable the outgoing school captain to concentrate on his school work . It is not , however , usually used in the United Kingdom itself , where head girl and head boy are used .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "161587db33e6bc0e7abfc9f9c81274d8", "text": "Pseudonym A pseudonym ( -LSB- pronˈsjuːdənɪm -RSB- and -LSB- pronˈsuːdənɪm -RSB- ) or alias is a name that a person or group assumes for a particular purpose , which can differ from their original or true name ( orthonym ) . Pseudonyms include stage names and user names ( both called screen names ) , ring names , pen names , nicknames , aliases , superhero or villain identities and code names , gamer identifications , and regnal names of emperors , popes , and other monarchs . Historically , they have often taken the form of anagrams , Graecisms , and Latinisations , although there are many other methods of choosing a pseudonym . Pseudonyms should not be confused with new names that replace old ones and become the individual 's full-time name . Pseudonyms are `` part-time '' names , used only in certain contexts - usually adopted to hide an individual 's real identity , as with writers ' pen names , graffiti artists ' tags , resistance fighters ' or terrorists ' noms de guerre , and computer hackers ' handles . Actors , musicians , and other performers sometimes use stage names , for example , to mask their ethnic backgrounds . In some cases , pseudonyms are adopted because they are part of a cultural or organisational tradition : for example devotional names used by members of some religious institutes , and `` cadre names '' used by Communist party leaders such as Trotsky and Lenin . A pseudonym may also be used for personal reasons : for example , an individual may prefer to be called or known by a name that differs from their given or legal name , but is not ready to take the numerous steps to get their name legally changed ; or an individual may simply feel that the context and content of an exchange offer no reason , legal or otherwise , to provide their given or legal name . A collective name or collective pseudonym is one shared by two or more persons , for example the co-authors of a work , such as Ellery Queen , or Nicolas Bourbaki .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6e8c6bbd8884f9248dbb0048235a30d", "text": "History of education in England The history of education in England can be documented to the Anglo-Saxons ' settlement of England . During the Middle Ages , schools were established to teach Latin grammar to the sons of the aristocracy , as part of preparation also for the entry of some into the clergy and religious orders . The church preserved literacy and learning during this period , and education was closely tied to the religious vocation , in order to read the Bible and related documents . Apprenticeship was the main way for youths to enter practical occupations . Two universities were established in affiliation with the church : the University of Oxford , followed by the University of Cambridge , both related closely to training for clergy . A reformed system of `` free grammar schools '' was established in the reign of Edward VI . The Protestant Reformation had a major influence on education and literacy in England , as it encouraged the reading of the Bible in the vernacular of the people . ( Formerly , the Bible was printed only in Latin , the official language of the Catholic Church . ) Counties in the east of England , which had frequent interaction with the Low Countries , where the Reformation movement had flourished , developed a higher rate of literacy in the early years of the Reformation than did other areas of England . In the 19th century the Church of England sponsored most formal education until the government established free , compulsory education towards the end of that century . University College London was established as the first secular college in England , open to students of all religions ( or none , ) followed by King 's College London ; the two institutions formed the University of London . Durham University was also established in the early nineteenth century . Towards the end of the century , the `` redbrick '' universities , new public universities , were founded . The 1944 Education Act established the Tripartite System of grammar schools and secondary modern schools . The school leaving age was raised to 16 in 1972 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8e61a17e91342555dee5ebf5c1180b7", "text": "Alethea Alethea is an English language female first name derived from the ancient and modern Greek feminine noun αλήθεια ( pronounced `` al-ee-thia '' ) , meaning `` truth '' . It is thus an equivalent of the name Verity , from the Latin feminine noun veritas , `` truth '' . As an English first name it is frequently pronounced in modern times in an Anglicised form as `` Ala-thee-a '' . The name dates from the 16th century , as given in 1585 to Alethea Talbot ( 1585 -- 1654 ) , the youngest daughter of Gilbert Talbot , 7th Earl of Shrewsbury and later Countess of Arundel following her marriage to Thomas Howard , 21st Earl of Arundel . The name as used for the daughter of a wealthy nobleman in the Renaissance era in England would certainly have been pronounced `` Al-ee-thia '' , that is as an Ancient Greek word , as the father would have received a thorough education in Ancient Greek and Latin and would thus be aware of the correct pronunciation . Women named Alethea include : Alethea Charlton ( 1931 -- 1976 ) , British actress Alethea Garstin ( 1894 -- 1978 ) , English painter and Royal Academician Alethea Hayter OBE ( 1911 -- 2006 ) , English author and British Council Representative Alethea Howard , Countess of Arundel ( 1585 -- 1654 ) , née Talbot , wife of Thomas Howard , 21st Earl of Arundel Alethea Kontis ( born 1976 ) , American author and editor living in Murfreesboro , Tennessee Alethea Lewis ( 1749 -- 1827 ) , English novelist , born at Acton , near Nantwich , Cheshire Alethea McGrath , Australian actress", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d04c1ba20395baa0bc61bf460aa4ee5f", "text": "Sponsio Academica The Sponsio Academica is the oath taken by all students matriculating into the four ancient Scottish universities . Traditionally the oath - in Latin - was given orally but it is now appended to the matriculation form signed by each student . Each student who takes the oath promises that they have put themselves under the authority of the Senatus Academicus of their particular institution . At the University of St Andrews the following oath is taken . Nos ingenui adolescentes , nomina subscribentes , sancte pollicemur nos preceptoribus obsequium debitum exhibituros in omnibus rebus ad disciplinam et bonos mores pertinentibus , Senatus Academici authoritati obtemperaturos , et hujus Academiae Andreanae emolumentum et commodum , quantum in nobis sit , procuraturos , ad quemcunque vitae statum pervenerimus . Item agnoscimus si quis nostrum indecore turbulenterve se gesserit vel si parum diligentem in studiis suis se praebuerit neque admonitus se in melius correxerit eum licere Senatui Academico vel poena congruenti adficere vel etiam ex Universitate expellere . Translation : We students who set down our names hereunder in all good faith make a solemn promise that we shall show due deference to our teachers in all matters relating to order and good conduct ; that we shall be subject to the authority of the Senatus Academicus and shall , whatever be the position we attain hereafter , promote , so far as lies in our power , the profit and the interest of our University of St Andrews . Further , we recognise that , if any of us conducts themselves in an unbecoming or disorderly manner or shows insufficient diligence in their studies and , though admonished , does not improve , it is within the power of the Senatus Academicus to inflict on such students a fitting penalty or even expel them from the University . At the University of Glasgow the following oath is taken : Ego in Universitate Glasguensi discipulus sancte polliceor me Senatui Academico par iturum ita ut quae ab eo secundum leges academiae praescribuntur praestem et animadversioni eius reverenter me subiciam ; ipsius academiae dignitatem atque salutem quantum in mefuerit per reliquam vitam procuraturum . Translation : I a student in the University of Glasgow solemnly promise that I will fulfil the requirements made by the Senatus Academicus in accordance with the regulations of the University and will conform to its discipline and that for the rest of my life , so far as in me lies , I will maintain the honour and welfare of the University . At the University of Edinburgh the following oath is taken : I acknowledge that in all matters relating to the teaching and discipline of the University I have willingly placed myself under the jurisdiction of the Senatus Academicus , and I recognise that if , in the opinion of the Senatus , my studies or my conduct are unsatisfactory , it has authority to forbid my continuance upon courses qualifying for a degree .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9baaff2be7a370de21e0a1c491e4c1ea", "text": "George Percy, Earl Percy George Dominic Percy , Earl Percy ( born 4 May 1984 ) , is the heir apparent to the Dukedom of Northumberland . Percy was born as the second child and elder son of the Duke and Duchess of Northumberland . He became heir apparent to the dukedom in 1995 , when his uncle Henry , 11th Duke of Northumberland , died . Percy 's parents , now Duke and Duchess of Northumberland , were eager to protect him from `` vices and pitfalls '' , and filed a lawsuit to prevent him from inheriting # 1 million and a # 250,000 annual income upon turning 18 . In 1999 , they succeeded in delaying the inheritance , which Lord Percy received at the age of 25 . George Percy is also set to inherit Alnwick Castle , famously known as Hogwarts ' School of Witchcraft and Wizardry in the Harry Potter films . He served as a Page of Honour to Queen Elizabeth II from 1996 to 1998 . He is also a direct descendant of Charles II of England through multiple descents . Earl Percy was educated at Eton College , and studied geography at the University of Edinburgh , specialising in sustainable development and renewable energy . He graduated in 2008 , having shared a house with Pippa Middleton , with whom he has been linked since . Percy studied Arabic language at the University of Damascus , and later worked in Abu Dhabi . He is the managing director of energy company Cluff Geothermal with Paul Younger . As old family friends , Lord Percy and his family attended the wedding of Middleton 's sister Catherine and Prince William , Duke of Cambridge , in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd70365c7019fb3e6f340df449409a85", "text": "A Dictionary of First Names A Dictionary of First Names is an onomastic work of reference on given names , published by Oxford University Press , edited by Patrick Hanks , Kate Hardcastle , and Flavia Hodges in 1990 and 2006 . The second edition of 2006 ( as paperback 2007 ) discusses a total of `` over 6,000 names '' . An abbreviated version , A Concise Dictionary of First Names was published by Oxford Paperback Reference in 1992 , and an even more concise `` Oxford minireference '' version entitled Babies ' Names in 1995 . An online version is available to paying subscribers at oxfordreference.com . The same editors also published A Dictionary of Surnames with OUP in 1988 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da847839a00ec1380c0b8e7309a18cc2", "text": "List of Oxfordian theory supporters This is a list of confirmed public supporters of the Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship , which was first promulgated in 1920 . Percy Allen -- journalist , theatre historian Mark Anderson -- journalist , researcher , author , astrophysicist Charles Wisner Barrell -- researcher , author Chris Barron -- American musician , singer , song writer and poet Charles Beauclerk , Earl of Burford -- writer Charles Sidney Beauclerk -- Jesuit priest Louis P. Bénézet -- American school reformer Harry Blackmun -- U.S. Supreme Court Justice Marjorie Bowen -- British historian , biographer , novelist Gelett Burgess -- author , critic , poet , artist John Byrne -- British-born Canadian-American comic book artist and writer Michael Chiklis -- actor Montagu William Douglas -- soldier and colonial administrator . Roland Emmerich -- film director , screenwriter , producer ; producer and director of Anonymous ( 2011 ) William Farina -- biographer , nonfiction researcher and author , essayist Bert Fields -- lawyer and writer Sigmund Freud -- pioneer of psychoanalysis Sir John Gielgud -- Shakespearean actor , president of the International Shakespeare Association 1974 -- 2000 Michael H. Hart -- astrophysicist , author of The 100 : A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History Warren Hope -- academic , university English professor , author Christmas Humphreys -- British barrister , judge , author , Buddhist scholar Jeremy Irons -- actor Sir Derek Jacobi -- Shakespearean actor , director Richard Kennedy -- American children 's book writer J. Thomas Looney -- British school teacher , researcher , author David McCullough -- historian , author , biographer Paul Nitze -- longtime high-ranking U.S. government official and Presidential advisor , ambassador Charlton Greenwood Ogburn -- lawyer Charlton Ogburn -- investigative journalist , researcher , author John Orloff -- screenwriter Gerald Henry Rendall -- professor of Greek Mark Rylance -- Shakespearean actor and director , director of Shakespeare 's Globe Theatre 1995 -- 2005 Antonin Scalia -- U.S. Supreme Court Justice Joseph Sobran -- journalist , author , researcher John Paul Stevens -- U.S. Supreme Court Justice Roger Stritmatter -- Professor of Humanities at Coppin State University and the general editor of Brief Chronicles Peter A. Sturrock -- British astrophysicist , Stanford University professor of applied physics , Arctowski Medalist , author of AKA Shakespeare : A Scientific Approach to the Authorship Question Bernard Mordaunt Ward -- military officer , author Alexander Waugh -- writer Michael York -- actor", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "646937a607c629c62ea372227fd8b6a7", "text": "Susan Sarandon Susan Abigail Sarandon ( -LSB- səˈrændən -RSB- née Tomalin ; born October 4 , 1946 ) is an American actress and activist . She is an Academy Award and BAFTA Award winner who is also known for her social and political activism for a variety of causes . She was appointed a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador in 1999 and received the Action Against Hunger Humanitarian Award in 2006 . Sarandon began her career in the 1970 film Joe , before appearing in the soap opera A World Apart ( 1970 -- 71 ) . In 1975 , she starred in the cult classic film The Rocky Horror Picture Show . She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for Atlantic City ( 1980 ) , Thelma & Louise ( 1991 ) , Lorenzo 's Oil ( 1992 ) , and The Client ( 1994 ) , before winning for Dead Man Walking ( 1995 ) . She has also won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for The Client , and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Actress for Dead Man Walking . Her other films include : Pretty Baby ( 1978 ) , The Hunger ( 1983 ) , The Witches of Eastwick ( 1987 ) , Bull Durham ( 1988 ) , White Palace ( 1990 ) , Little Women ( 1994 ) , Stepmom ( 1998 ) , Enchanted ( 2007 ) , The Lovely Bones ( 2009 ) , Tammy ( 2014 ) , and The Meddler ( 2015 ) . She made her Broadway debut in An Evening with Richard Nixon in 1972 and went on to receive Drama Desk Award nominations for the Off-Broadway plays , A Coupla White Chicks Sitting Around Talking ( 1979 ) and Extremities ( 1982 ) . She returned to Broadway in the 2009 revival of Exit the King . On television , she is a five-time Emmy Award nominee , including for her guest roles on the sitcoms Friends ( 2001 ) and Malcolm in the Middle ( 2002 ) , and the TV films Bernard and Doris ( 2007 ) and You Do n't Know Jack ( 2010 ) . In 2017 , Sarandon portrayed Bette Davis in the first season of FX 's anthology series Feud .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "5e3490feba34fd5c03ee6c03e498e754", "text": "Social Problems Social Problems is the official publication of the Society for the Study of Social Problems . It is a quarterly peer-reviewed journal published by Oxford University Press since 2015 and formerly published by University of California Press . It was established in 1953 . Some of the areas covered by the journal include : conflict , social action , and change ; crime and juvenile delinquency ; drinking and drugs ; health , health policy , and health services ; mental health ; poverty , class , and inequality ; racial and ethnic minorities ; sexual behavior , politics , and communities ; and youth , aging , and the life course . The editor-in-chief is Pamela Anne Quiroz ( University of Houston ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a2c51e0c219fe64413674f8b1204446", "text": "Participation (decision making) Participation in social science refers to different mechanisms for the public to express opinions -- and ideally exert influence -- regarding political , economic , management or other social decisions . Participatory decision-making can take place along any realm of human social activity , including economic ( i.e. participatory economics ) , political ( i.e. participatory democracy or parpolity ) , management ( i.e. participatory management ) , cultural ( i.e. polyculturalism ) or familial ( i.e. feminism ) . For well-informed participation to occur , it is argued that some version of transparency , e.g. radical transparency , is necessary but not sufficient . It has also been argued that those most affected by a decision should have the most say while those that are least affected should have the least say in a topic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "19240459b5dd0c265664de1b23187870", "text": "Gender feminism Gender feminism is a term used in relation to other forms of feminism . First explicated in the book `` Who Stole Feminism ? '' in 1994 , Christina Hoff Sommers categorized gender feminism as a gynocentric subdivision of feminism . According to Wendy McElroy and Christina Hoff Sommers , gender or political feminism is defined in opposition to individualist feminism . Disapproval of modern-day gender roles and the gradual eradication of them are at the foundation of gender feminism . Gender feminism aims to bring awareness to a perspective on the development of the different sexes Feminism , itself , is defined in Sommers ' book , `` Who Stole Feminism ? '' as a `` collection of movements and ideologies aimed at defining , establishing , and defending equal political , economic , and social rights for women . '' Gender feminism views gender as socially constructed . Furthermore , that this construction of gender is embedded into various aspects of the everyday social order , which consists of power , privileges and economic resources . The term was used especially in the early 1990s to refer to some different concepts . It has been used to distinguish perceived radical feminism in comparison to liberal feminism . It has also been used in relation to some feminists ' arguments about gendering and other topics : that all cognition is gendered and that all knowledge is gendered . Gender reform feminism laid the theoretical groundwork for second-wave feminism . Contrary to equity feminist , who have an exclusive sociopolitical aspiration for men 's and women 's legal and social equality , gender feminist also argue that psychological differences between men and women are adapted from societal acclimation and have little to do with evolution . Critiques Though viewed as the dominant feminist outlook among scholars , as an alternative version of feminism , gender feminism has been met with opposition . Critiques argue that there is science that supports the claim that the sexes are substantially different in a natural and inherent way . Kuhle maintains that due to evolution , regardless of whether they are viewed as equal , men and women have diverse roles in society . Other critiques have said that though feminism is the dismantlement of the patriarchy and challenges gender roles , the notion that gender differences do not exist biologically is problematic . Others argue that every feminist has an altered standpoint on the movement due to the varying hurdles women of different backgrounds come across . This would validate gender feminists in their fight to raise awareness for equality through the belief that gender should not possess as much value in the society as it currently does . Divisions in feminist ideology have caused many to question the cohesiveness of the feminist movement as a whole and if devoting their efforts to the movement would genuinely be beneficial . Although , varying perspectives have hindered the collaboration of some feminist subdivisions , a common interest in the upward mobilization of women as a whole has prompted a desire for a more inclusive and universal feminist movement . A category of anti-gender feminism has also been described .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4560eb3bc497b271b96273053107e0c", "text": "Norman Lear Center The Norman Lear Center is a multi-disciplinary research and public policy center exploring implications of the convergence of entertainment , commerce , and society . It is based at the USC Annenberg School for Communication . Through scholarship and research , and its programs of visiting fellows , conferences , public events and publications , the Lear Center works to be at the forefront of discussion and practice in the field . The Center is named for benefactor Norman Lear , the social activist and philanthropist , and television producer , and was founded and is directed by Marty Kaplan , associate dean of the USC Annenberg School , who has been a political speechwriter , Hollywood studio executive , and screenwriter-producer . The Lear Center officially launched on January 24 , 2000 . Some of the programs it houses include Entertainment Goes Global , which explores the political , cultural , economic and technological implications of the globalization of entertainment ; Celebrity , Politics & Public Life , wherein faculty and deans from over 20 USC departments convene to develop an inter-disciplinary analysis of American political life , as it is shaped by popular culture ; and Hollywood , Health & Society , which provides entertainment industry professionals with accurate and timely information for health storylines . Hollywood , Health & Society is funded by , and works closely with such governmental agencies as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , the National Institutes of Health , and the National Cancer Institute . That program hosts its annual Sentinel for Health Awards to recognize exemplary television storylines that best inform , educate and motivate viewers to make choices for healthier and safer lives . Since 2005 , the Lear Center 's Grand Avenue Intervention Project has been a driving force behind the civic outreach for the planning of a new 16 acre park in the heart of downtown Los Angeles . In partnership with the Los Angeles Times , the Lear Center solicited design proposals from the public and published a selection of them in a special section of the Times . The Lear Center 's publishing imprint has published several works of scholarship such as Artists , Technology & The Ownership of Creative Content , Warners ' War : Politics , Pop Culture & Propaganda in Wartime Hollywood , Frank Capra and the Image of the Journalist in American Film , and Ready to Share : Creativity & Fashion in Digital Culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f5f630b9c3f30febbc968b34c4b71362", "text": "Social Politics Social Politics : International Studies in Gender , State and Society is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Oxford University Press . It was established in 1994 and is edited by Barbara Hobson , Ann Shola Orloff , and Rianne Mahon . It was previously edited by Fiona Williams .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8eb962b5a7d7930e047884d888b97b0f", "text": "Social practice (art) Social practice is an art medium that focuses on engagement through human interaction and social discourse . Since it is people and their relationships that form the medium of such works -- rather than a particular process of production -- social engagement is not only a part of a work 's organization , execution or continuation , but also an aesthetic in itself : of interaction and development . Socially engaged art aims to create social and/or political change through collaboration with individuals , communities , and institutions in the creation of participatory art . The discipline values the process of a work over any finished product or object . Artists working in social practice co-create their work with a specific audience or propose critical interventions within existing social systems that inspire debate or catalyze social exchange . The large overlap between social practice and pedagogy demonstrates the need for art education to embrace collaborative practice . Social practice work focuses on the interaction between the audience , social systems , and the artist through aesthetics , ethics , collaboration , methodology , antagonism , media strategies , and social activism . The social interaction component inspires , drives , or , in some instances , completes the project . Although projects may incorporate traditional studio media , they are realized in a variety of visual or social forms ( depending on variable contexts and participant demographics ) such as performance , social activism , or mobilizing communities towards a common goal . The diversity of approaches pose specific challenges for documenting social practice work , as the aesthetic of human interaction changes rapidly and involves many people simultaneously . Consequently , images frequently fail to do justice to the engagement and interactions that take place during a project .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15df2f4d9fa4d80eff595429f7796778", "text": "Susan Stockwell Susan Stockwell is a contemporary British artist , described as a sculptor who makes subtly political work about materials and their inherent content and histories , with injustice and inequality as overarching themes . Her work addresses political , social , ecological and feminist issues , using her trademark motifs and metaphors of maps , stacks , dresses , money , recycled computer components and other everyday materials and products .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dee504191d2829331a523f9e38812859", "text": "Susan Maxman Susan A. Maxman ( born 30 December 1938 ) is an American architect who founded a firm called Susan Maxman Architects in 1985 , which she expanded to Susan Maxman & Partners Ltd in 1995 . Her firm is associated with a large number of projects involving a wide spectrum of architectural services , including design of old and new buildings , restoration and rehabilitation works , master and site planning , feasibility reports , programming , historic preservation , and interior design . She was the first woman elected as president of the American Institute of Architects in 1992 . Her expertise in adoption of the `` principles of sustainable design '' in her projects has received national appreciation , and in 2011 Maxman was nominated by President Barack Obama to the Board of Directors of the National Institute of Building Sciences .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2eaecd2ef6720579f577c56a57234267", "text": "Fawcett Society The Fawcett Society is an organisation in the United Kingdom that campaigns for women 's rights . The organisation 's roots date back to 1866 , when Millicent Garrett Fawcett dedicated her life to the peaceful campaign for women 's suffrage . It is a charity registered with the Charity Commission and has a membership of around 3,000 alongside some high-profile supporters such as Jenni Murray , Bill Bailey , Kate Mosse , Josie Long and Patrick Stewart . The organisation states that it campaigns on `` women 's representation in politics and public life ; pay , pensions and poverty ; valuing caring work ; and the treatment of women in the justice system '' . It uses `` independent research and evidence to better understand key issues and generate media coverage , reports and briefings that both increase awareness and put pressure on powerful policy and decision makers to act . '' There are autonomous , self managed , regional Fawcett Society groups which work in their local areas , from East London to Bristol to safeguard the rights of women . The library and archives of the Society , formerly the Fawcett Library , are now part of the Women 's Library at the British Library of Political and Economic Science , the main library of the London School of Economics and Political Science .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ee1fe32a7a6b00990695882bd51022b", "text": "Cine Foundation International Cine Foundation International is London-based non-profit film company and human rights NGO `` aiming to 'em power open consciousness through cinema ' '' . The foundation was formed in December 2010 by American filmmaker Jesse Richards , founder of the Remodernist film movement , South Korean film critic Blue Un Sok Kim and Tobias Morgan , formerly the developer of `` The Garage '' on Mubi . On 3 January 2011 , CFI announced their launch of a campaign of protest films and public actions calling for the release of imprisoned Iranian filmmaker Jafar Panahi . `` The campaign will include protest films that speak to human rights issues in Iran and throughout the world , six of which are commissioned feature-length , plus twenty shorts . Participating filmmakers may act anonymously or through pseudonyms since voicing their stories can be dangerous . The films , which will address themes of nation , identity , self , spiritual culture , censorship and imprisonment , will be aimed for public , web and various exhibition media '' . In January 2011 , filmmakers Béla Tarr and Lav Diaz joined the foundation 's Board of Directors , and in February Fred Kelemen joined the Board of Directors . Also in January 2011 , CFI deployed a video protest mechanism called WHITE MEADOWS ( named for the Mohammad Rasoulof film of the same title ) and developed by Ericson deJesus ( of Yahoo! and frog design ) at the request of the foundation . The video mechanism `` allow ( s ) anyone in the world to record a short video statement about Panahi and Rasoulof . There will be an ESCAPE button at top , allowing quick exit for those in countries where recording a statement would be dangerous . There will be an option to have the screen black , and soon , voice distortion . The video statements will be recorded as mp4s , giving them maximum transmedia capacity , which essentially makes them broadcastable from any device that can show video '' . Users can also use the mechanism to comment on how they would `` like to see as an international response by the film industry '' , comment on the state of human rights in general , or to `` report a human rights abuse to the world '' . Late in 2011 , CFI launched #OccupyCinema , an ongoing collective project in collaboration with the global Occupy movement . The project encompasses `` public space projections onto buildings or other public surfaces -- broadcasting films , video documents or live feeds , with the intention of decentralising traditional broadcast monopolies and information power structures where these interfere with freedom of speech or otherwise compel human beings to surrender to the agendas of ethically bankrupt regimes . '' On November 1 , #OccupyCinema will launch public displays of films in New York City , Dallas , Kansas , London and Paris , with more to follow over the next week . Tobias Morgan resigned as Chair in Autumn 2011 , having been commissioned to make a Cine Foundation International feature film dedicated to the Iranian film producer Katayoun Shahabi . Jesse Richards resigned in 2012 , and Blue Un Sok Kim took the Chair . Category : International human rights organizations Category : Organisations based in the United Kingdom Category : Arts organisations based in the United Kingdom Category : Film organisations in the United Kingdom", "title": "" }, { "docid": "683119452c21a9f2b808130064f0bb81", "text": "The Women's Conference The Women 's Conference ( also known as the California Governor & First Lady 's Conference on Women ) is a nonprofit , nonpartisan US organization and annual forum for women . The event first began in 1986 as a California government initiative for working professionals and women business owners . Since 2004 , The Women 's Conference has become a large event at which people such as the Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso , former UK Prime Minister Tony Blair , Oprah Winfrey , Barbara Walters , Jane Fonda , Martha Stewart , Tyra Banks , Sarah , Duchess of York , Tim Russert , Deepak Chopra , Tom Brokaw , Queen Rania of Jordan , Maureen Dowd , Sandra Day O'Connor , Thomas Friedman , Anna Quindlen , and Billie Jean King have spoken . Restructured by Shriver in 2010 , The Women 's Conference reportedly became the `` largest meeting of women in the country '' and a celebration of `` lives and lessons '' . Now known as the California Women 's Conference , its main stage presentations and seminar sessions have addressed personal topics such as work-life balance , service and volunteerism , healthy lifestyles , spirituality and families , professional issues such as professional development , financial planning , entrepreneurialism and communications , as well as social issues like women 's maternal health , global poverty , climate change and emergency preparedness . The event is staged at the Long Beach Convention Center in Long Beach , California , usually in the fall . Every year , substantial portions of the event are made available free through a live streaming webcast at The Women 's Conference 's web site .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9375a4df28e9473833829ee47c65a9ce", "text": "Social conservatism in the United States Social conservatism in the United States is a political ideology focused on the preservation of traditional values and beliefs , hearkening back to values believed to be present at the American founding . It focuses on a concern with moral and social values which proponents of the ideology see as degraded in modern society by social democracy and liberalism . Social conservatism , while defined differently by many scholars , is often conflated with religious conservatism . Religious conservatives push for a focus on Judeo-Christian traditions as a guiding force for the country on social issues , leading them to be considered social conservatives . Social conservatives are concerned with many social issues such as abortion , sex education , gun control , the equal rights amendment , school prayer , same-sex marriage , and many others . They oppose many of the cultural changes brought on by the culture wars and the sexual revolution . Summarily , this branch of conservatism is concerned with moral and social issues within the United States and uses tradition , strict morals , and religion as solutions for these problems .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1cc3c7508b6f49d213161a87cdbe3fc9", "text": "Say Her Name #SayHerName is a social movement that seeks to raise awareness for black female victims of police brutality and anti-Black violence in the United States . #SayHerName aims to change the public perception that victims of police brutality and anti-Black violence are predominantly male by highlighting the gender-specific ways in which black women , particularly black queer women and black transgender women , are disproportionately affected by fatal acts of racial injustice . In an effort to create a large social media presence alongside existing racial justice campaigns , such as #BlackLivesMatter and #BlackGirlsMatter , the African American Policy Forum ( AAPF ) coined the hashtag #SayHerName in February 2015 . In May 2015 , the AAPF released a report entitled `` Say Her Name : Resisting Police Brutality against Black Women , '' which outlined the goals and objectives of the #SayHerName movement . Following Sandra Bland 's fatal encounter with police in July 2015 , the AAPF , in conjunction with the Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies at Columbia Law School and Soros Justice Fellow , Andrea Ritchie , issued an updated version of the original report . The updated version includes a description of the circumstances surrounding Bland 's death , as well as several accounts detailing recent incidents of police-instigated violence against black women , including Tanisha Anderson and Rekia Boyd . In addition to these accounts , the report provides an analytical framework for understanding black women 's susceptibility to police brutality and state-sanctioned violence , as well as offers some suggestions on how to effectively mobilize various communities and empower them to advocate for racial justice . Drawing from the AAPF report , the #SayHerName movement strives to address the invisibilization of black women within mainstream media and , more specifically , the #BlackLivesMatter movement . Of the movement 's many agendas , one includes commemorating the women who have lost their lives due to police brutality and anti-Black violence . To advance this agenda , the AAPF , along with twenty local sponsors and the Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies at Columbia Law School , organized a vigil on May 20 , 2015 , in New York City , where dozens gathered to demand that the public no longer ignore black women 's struggles against gendered , racialized violence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3974fa6bc98acc68394ab49d92ec9313", "text": "Susan B. Anthony Day Susan B. Anthony Day is a commemorative holiday to celebrate the birth of Susan B. Anthony and women 's suffrage in the United States . The holiday is February 15 -- Anthony 's birthday .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f0d4b68abb3285afb07f7621080a4cd", "text": "Culinary Revolution The Culinary Revolution was a movement during the late 1960s and 1970s , growing out of the Free Speech Movement , when sociopolitical issues began to profoundly affect the way Americans eat . The Culinary Revolution is often credited to Alice Waters , the owner of Chez Panisse restaurant in Berkeley , California ; however , such claims are sometimes contested and the movement attributed to collaborations of other individuals . The mantra of using fresh , local , and seasonal ingredients at Waters 's Chez Panisse , as well as other similar `` New American cuisine '' restaurants , has greatly changed food served in restaurants and at home , thus creating California Cuisine and a broader movement in the cuisine of the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21320181f2aec9ba98b391923d4d8bfb", "text": "LGBT social movements Lesbian , gay , bisexual , transgender , and questioning ( LGBTQ ) social movements are social movements that advocate for the equalized acceptance of LGBT people in society . In these movements , LGBTQ people and their allies have a long history of campaigning for what is now generally called LGBTQ rights , sometimes also called gay rights or gay and lesbian rights . Although there is not a primary or an overarching central organization that represents all LGBT people and their interests , numerous LGBT rights organizations are active worldwide . The earliest organizations to support LGBT rights were formed in the 19th century . A commonly stated goal among these movements is social equality for LGBT people , but there is still denial of full LGBTQ rights . Some have also focused on building LGBT communities or worked towards liberation for the broader society from biphobia , homophobia , and transphobia . There is a struggle for LGBTQ rights today . LGBT movements organized today are made up of a wide range of political activism and cultural activity , including lobbying , street marches , social groups , media , art , and research . Overview Sociologist Mary Bernstein writes : `` For the lesbian and gay movement , then , cultural goals include ( but are not limited to ) challenging dominant constructions of masculinity and femininity , homophobia , and the primacy of the gendered heterosexual nuclear family ( heteronormativity ) . Political goals include changing laws and policies in order to gain new rights , benefits , and protections from harm . '' Bernstein emphasizes that activists seek both types of goals in both the civil and political spheres . As with other social movements there is also conflict within and between LGBT movements , especially about strategies for change and debates over exactly who comprises the constituency that these movements represent , this also applies to changing education . There is debate over to what extent lesbians , gays , bisexuals , transgender people , intersexed people and others share common interests and a need to work together . Leaders of the lesbian and gay movement of the 1970s , 80s and 90s often attempted to hide masculine lesbians , feminine gay men , transgender people , and bisexuals from the public eye , creating internal divisions within LGBT communities . Roffee and Waling ( 2016 ) discovered that LGBTIQ people experience microaggressions , bullying and anti-social behaviours from other people within the LGBTIQ community . This is due to misconceptions and conflicting views as to what entails `` LGBTIQ '' . For example , transgender people found that other members of the community were not understanding to their own , individual , specific needs and would instead make ignorant assumptions , and this can cause health risks . Additionally , bisexual people found that lesbian or gay people were not understanding or appreciative of the bisexual sexuality . Evidently , even though most of these people would say that they stand for the same values as the majority of the community , there are still remaining inconsistencies even within the LGBTIQ community . LGBT movements have often adopted a kind of identity politics that sees gay , bisexual and transgender people as a fixed class of people ; a minority group or groups , and this is very common among LGBTQ communities . Those using this approach aspire to liberal political goals of freedom and equal opportunity , and aim to join the political mainstream on the same level as other groups in society . In arguing that sexual orientation and gender identity are innate and can not be consciously changed , attempts to change gay , lesbian and bisexual people into heterosexuals ( `` conversion therapy '' ) are generally opposed by the LGBT community . Such attempts are often based in religious beliefs that perceive gay , lesbian and bisexual activity as immoral . However , others within LGBT movements have criticised identity politics as limited and flawed , elements of the queer movement have argued that the categories of gay and lesbian are restrictive , and attempted to deconstruct those categories , which are seen to `` reinforce rather than challenge a cultural system that will always mark the nonheterosexual as inferior . '' After the French Revolution the anticlerical feeling in Catholic countries coupled with the liberalizing effect of the Napoleonic Code made it possible to sweep away sodomy laws . However , in Protestant countries , where the church was less severe , there was no general reaction against statutes that were religious in origin . As a result , many of those countries retained their statutes on sodomy until late in the 20th century .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52c040096b9091c1d67b37fb39b58d30", "text": "New World Foundation The New World Foundation is a liberal foundation , based in New York . It supports organizations that work on behalf of civil rights and that seek to encourage participation of citizens in American democracy . It was founded in 1954 by Anita McCormick Blaine , a prominent member of the McCormick family and an heiress to industrialist Cyrus Hall McCormick and a supporter of Henry Wallace 's 1948 presidential campaign . Its initial funding of about $ 20 million was noted for progress towards education , ethics , peace , and public health . In its mission statement , the New World Foundation stated as of 2009 : We see the strengths of progressive ideals and committed activists , who every day are inventing democracy and extending its boundaries . But we also know the strength of reaction , inaction , and injustice in blocking democracy 's advance . Our work and our tradition is to tip the balance , to add resources to the side of justice , to widen the channels for participation , and to ensure that another generation will see by example how they can make a difference . During the early 1960s , the New World Foundation 's goal was to aid education and promote better intergroup and international relations . During the early 1970s , the Foundation supported various civil rights and community projects . Hillary Clinton , whom Marian Wright Edelman had mentored , was on the board from 1982 to 1988 , and was its chair for some of that time , including 1987 . During that time , the Foundation gave money to a variety of organizations active in civil rights and other New Left causes , including the Christic Institute , Grassroots International , Committee in Solidarity with the People of El Salvador ( CISPES ) , FAIR , and the National Lawyers Guild . By the early 1990s , the foundation was giving money to a Silicon Valley group fighting consequences of computer industry toxins , all the while undergoing criticism for being invested in the likes of Louisiana Pacific , Nike , and Philip Morris .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ec69f76f862c9b38e890e8e962e56ca", "text": "Modern liberalism in the United States Modern American liberalism is the dominant version of liberalism in the United States . It is characterized by social liberalism , and combines ideas of civil liberty and equality with support for social justice and a mixed economy . The term `` modern liberalism '' in this article refers only to the United States . In a global context , this philosophy is usually referred to as social liberalism . The American modern liberal philosophy strongly endorses public spending on programs such as education , health care , and welfare . Important social issues today include addressing inequality , voting rights for minorities , affirmative action , reproductive and other women 's rights , support for LGBT rights , and immigration reform . Modern liberalism took shape during the twentieth century , with roots in Theodore Roosevelt 's New Nationalism , Woodrow Wilson 's New Freedom , Franklin D. Roosevelt 's New Deal , Harry S. Truman 's Fair Deal , John F. Kennedy 's New Frontier , and Lyndon B. Johnson 's Great Society . American liberals oppose conservatives on most issues , but not all . Modern liberalism is historically related to social liberalism and progressivism , though the current relationship between liberal and progressive viewpoints is debated . John F. Kennedy defined a liberal as follows : Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1941 defined a liberal party as one , Keynesian economic theory has played an important role in the economic philosophy of modern American liberals . Modern American liberals generally believe that national prosperity requires government management of the macroeconomy , in order to keep unemployment low , inflation in check , and growth high . They also value institutions that defend against economic inequality . In The Conscience of a Liberal Paul Krugman writes : `` I believe in a relatively equal society , supported by institutions that limit extremes of wealth and poverty . I believe in democracy , civil liberties , and the rule of law . That makes me a liberal , and I 'm proud of it . '' Liberals often point to the widespread prosperity enjoyed under a mixed economy in the years since World War II . They believe liberty exists when access to necessities like health care and economic opportunity are available to all , and they champion the protection of the environment . Modern American liberalism is typically associated with the Democratic Party , as modern American conservatism is typically associated with the Republican Party .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e7950d4496039208ca6ac4b604bb974", "text": "Susan Osman Susan Osman is a British journalist known for her work with BBC , ITV and China Radio International . Osman was a theatre director in Brighton , and also worked in that capacity in Washington , DC . She began her television career in 1983 at HTV West . She also worked as an investigative reporter for Channel 4 's consumer affairs programme 4 What It 's Worth . She first joined BBC West in 1991 . She presented the current affaires programme Close Up and also hosted her own radio program Radio Bristol 's Morning Show . She also hosted the program Points West until leaving that position in 2005 . She continued doing free-lance work for the network until 2009 . Osman left her position at the BBC in 2009 . Osman left the network , blasting rampant age-discrimination against women in broadcasting . She stated that women in broadcasting have a `` sell-by date '' and that every time she mentions her age , she worries about ending her career . She stated that she even had a manager ask if she was menopausal . Because of this , Osman felt she had no future in the United Kingdom . The BBC denied the allegations of ageism . Osman accepted a job at China Radio International in 2009 , largely to allow herself to continue advancing in her career . She praised Chinese culture 's respect for older persons . She took a position as the host of the English-language talk show The Beijing Hour . She has faced some difficulties from the Chinese government 's insistence on censorship . The private lives of leaders , the Tiananmen Square protests and Falun Gong are off-limits to her show , as well as a variety of smaller issues that are censored at times . Osman has set up film companies called Nick O'Time Films , and Osman Films , along with her writing partner Rowena Goldman . She is also working on a book that will be called Flirting with the Dragon -- Why we misunderstand China .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e1e1246626869d43d25992b6adbacfb7", "text": "Freedom suit Freedom suits were lawsuits in the Thirteen Colonies and the United States filed by enslaved people against slaveholders to assert claims to freedom , often based on descent from a free maternal ancestor , or time held as a resident in a free state or territory . The right to petition for freedom descended from English common law and allowed people to challenge their enslavement or indenture . Petitioners challenged slavery both directly and indirectly , even if slaveholders generally viewed such petitions as a means to uphold rather than undermine slavery . Beginning with the colonies in North America , legislatures enacted slave laws that created a legal basis for `` just subjection ; '' these were adopted or updated by the state and territorial legislatures that superseded them after the United States gained independence . These codes also enabled enslaved persons to sue for freedom based on wrongful enslavement . While some cases were tried during the colonial period , the majority of petitions for freedom were heard during the antebellum period in the border or the Southern United States . After the American Revolution , most northern states abolished slavery and were considered `` free . '' The United States Congress prohibited slavery in some newly established territories , and some new states were admitted to the union as free states . The rise in travel and migration of masters with slaves between free and slave states resulted in conditions that gave rise to slaves suing for freedom . Many free states had residency limits for masters who brought slaves into their territory ; after that time , the slave would be considered free . Some slaves sued for wrongful enslavement after being held in a free state . Other grounds for suit were that the person was freeborn and illegally held in slavery , or that the person was illegally held because of being descended from a freeborn woman in the maternal line . The principle of partus sequitur ventrem , first incorporated into English colonial slavery law by a 1662 statute in Virginia , established that children 's status was that of the mother . It was adopted into law by other English colonies , and the states of the United States . In Saint Louis , Missouri records of nearly 300 petition cases have been found that were filed between 1807 and 1860 , and in Washington , D.C. nearly 500 petition cases were filed in the same period . A large portion of cases , as much as one-third , either never went to trial or were settled out of court . In the early nineteenth century in St. Louis and in Washington , D.C. , nearly half of the attorneys at the bar may have acted as counsel for slave petitions . In Missouri , the courts assigned an attorney to the petitioner if it accepted a freedom suit for hearing ; some of the top attorneys in St. Louis defended slaves . After the 1830s , the number of petition cases gradually declined . But from 1800 to 1830 , most of the bar in these cities tried a petition case . Before the end of the eighteenth century , some southern states began to make petitioning for freedom more difficult . Maryland , for example , in 1796 required that county courts serve as the court of original jurisdiction , rather than the General Court of the Western Shore , an appellate court . The county courts clearly would be more favorable to the interests and views of the local planters against whom these suits were often filed . The legislature also banned those with antislavery sympathies from serving on juries in freedom suits . Virginia passed a similar law on jury composition in 1798 . But , for a few decades , courts in slave states such as Louisiana , Mississippi , and Missouri often respected the precedent of `` once free , always free '' established by free states . Until the late 1850s , they ruled that slaves who had been held in free states maintained their freedom even if brought back into slave states . Until the Civil War brought an end to slavery , thousands of freedom suits were tried in state courts across the country , with some slaves petitioning as high as the Supreme Court .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "0fb01602f635e76e6a4e227e25ad1408", "text": "Gregory Peck Eldred Gregory Peck ( April 5 , 1916 -- June 12 , 2003 ) was an American actor who was one of the most popular film stars from the 1940s to the 1960s . Peck continued to play major film roles until the late 1980s . His performance as Atticus Finch in the 1962 film To Kill a Mockingbird earned him the Academy Award for Best Actor . He had also been nominated for an Oscar for the same category for The Keys of the Kingdom ( 1944 ) , The Yearling ( 1946 ) , Gentleman 's Agreement ( 1947 ) and Twelve O'Clock High ( 1949 ) . Other notable films he appeared in include Spellbound ( 1945 ) , Roman Holiday ( 1953 ) , Moby Dick ( 1956 , and its 1998 miniseries ) , The Guns of Navarone ( 1961 ) , Cape Fear ( 1962 , and its 1991 remake ) , How the West Was Won ( 1962 ) , The Omen ( 1976 ) and The Boys from Brazil ( 1978 ) . President Lyndon Johnson honored Peck with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1969 for his lifetime humanitarian efforts . In 1999 , the American Film Institute named Peck among Greatest Male Stars of Classic Hollywood cinema , ranking at No. 12 . He was named to the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame in 1983 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d252424b6f67f023b38f7829ab9e85e3", "text": "Roman Holiday Roman Holiday is a 1953 American romantic comedy film directed and produced by William Wyler . It stars Gregory Peck as a reporter and Audrey Hepburn as a royal princess out to see Rome on her own . Hepburn won an Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance ; the screenplay and costume design also won . It was written by John Dighton and Dalton Trumbo , though with Trumbo on the Hollywood blacklist , he did not receive a credit ; instead , Ian McLellan Hunter fronted for him . Trumbo 's credit was reinstated when the film was released on DVD in 2003 . On December 19 , 2011 , full credit for Trumbo 's work was restored . Blacklisted director Bernard Vorhaus worked on the film as an assistant director under a pseudonym . It was shot at the Cinecittà studios and on location around Rome during the `` Hollywood on the Tiber '' era . The film was screened in the 14th Venice film festival within the official program . In 1999 , Roman Holiday was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f1ce75d4331a013225892928a25a9c9d", "text": "Marooned (1969 film) Marooned is a 1969 American film directed by John Sturges and starring Gregory Peck , Richard Crenna , David Janssen , James Franciscus and Gene Hackman about three astronauts who are trapped and slowly suffocating in space . It was based on the 1964 novel Marooned by Martin Caidin . While the original novel was based on the single-pilot Mercury program , the film depicted an Apollo Command/Service Module with three astronauts and a space station resembling Skylab . Caidin acted as technical adviser and updated the novel , incorporating appropriate material from the original version . The film was released less than four months after the Apollo 11 moon landing and was tied to the public fascination with the event . It won an Academy Award for Visual Effects for Robbie Robertson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f818fa0a1772cf4f1576e7be568566ca", "text": "Nástup Nástup is a 1953 Czechoslovak drama film directed by Otakar Vávra .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71f6daf652e91b4370c96f0178c79b4f", "text": "A Woman of Distinction A Woman of Distinction is a 1950 romantic comedy film directed by Edward Buzzell . It stars Rosalind Russell and Ray Milland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d5c0213517cc0562c9e7a2b1ab18996", "text": "The Love Match The Love Match is a 1955 British black and white comedy film directed by David Paltenghi and starring Arthur Askey , Glenn Melvyn , Thora Hird and Shirley Eaton . Two football-mad railway engine drivers are desperate to get back in time to see a match . It was based on the 1953 play by Glenn Melvyn , one of the stars of the film . A TV spin-off series Love and Kisses , appeared later in 1955 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f56cc1c1e220cab902690b4e5bf2abbc", "text": "Operation Diplomat (film) Operation Diplomat is a 1953 British drama film directed by John Guillermin and produced by Ernest G. Roy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7e9001852407bfda1ca9cc35fa52a6e", "text": "La mejor del colegio La Mejor del colegio is a 1953 Argentine musical comedy film directed by Julio Saraceni and starring Lolita Torres and Teresita Pagano .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7744022af153ff01626ba2f717e88340", "text": "Love Nest Love Nest is a 1951 American comedy-drama film directed by Joseph Newman and starring June Haver , William Lundigan , Frank Fay , Marilyn Monroe , and Jack Paar . The post-World War II comedy features an early supporting role for Monroe . It is one of the few films Paar made prior to his television career , and the last film appearance by Fay , who had been a popular stage comedian in 1920s and revived his career starring in the long-running Broadway comedy Harvey . It was also the last appearance by silent star Leatrice Joy . The film borrows its name from the popular old song Love Nest with music by Louis Hirsch and lyrics by Otto A. Harbach . The song is sung by a chorus over the opening credits and was used as a theme song for The Burns and Allen Show on both radio and TV .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dccfa4a21ce150b0bf9c0dfa3335d915", "text": "Spring in Park Lane Spring in Park Lane is a 1948 British romantic comedy film directed by Herbert Wilcox .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "722f252a8ecb322b7beeafaeafef7b34", "text": "Abdulla the Great Abdulla the Great , also known as Abdullah 's Harem is a 1955 comedy film made by Misr Universal Cairo and Sphinx Films and distributed by Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corporation . It was directed and produced by Gregory Ratoff , from a screenplay by Boris Ingster and George St. George , based on the novel My Kingdom for a Woman by Ismet Regeila . The music score was by Georges Auric and the cinematography by Lee Garmes . The film stars Gregory Ratoff , Kay Kendall , Sydney Chaplin , Alexander D'Arcy and Marina Berti . The story is a thinly veiled parody of the life of King Farouk of Egypt and the events preceding his overthrow in 1952 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32bc60d4e0327b17f288cee0f2d1a1c1", "text": "Mashdi ebad Mashdi ebad is a 1953 Iranian musical comedy film directed by Samad Sabahi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27d66fcf40a6664edaa63a036e49ca04", "text": "There Was a Young Lady There Was a Young Lady is a 1953 British comedy film directed by Lawrence Huntington and starring Michael Denison , Dulcie Gray and Sydney Tafler . It was made at Nettlefold Studios . Huntington had been a prominent director in the 1940s but after this film he dropped into making second features .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c967fbd37643c337b7c6c5536a543300", "text": "Amazing Grace and Chuck Amazing Grace and Chuck is a 1987 film starring William Petersen , Jamie Lee Curtis and Gregory Peck . The film was directed by Mike Newell . It was released on VHS in the UK as Silent Voice .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88626f07563b5c12c9fed920ef4df284", "text": "Forty Days and Forty Nights (1953 film) Forty Days and Forty Nights ( Turkish : Kırk gün kırk gece ) is a 1953 Turkish film directed by Esat Özgül .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c494de62eed437d5f94837b5a87092ae", "text": "Two and Two Make Six Two and Two Make Six also known as A Change of Heart and The Girl Swappers is a 1962 romantic comedy film directed by Freddie Francis . It stars George Chakiris and Janette Scott . After accidentally killing his superior , a U.S. airman escapes on a bike with his girlfriend , before getting mixed up with an identical looking couple .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4798b5ae9f2ee6d828227fc6b614b65", "text": "Les Compagnes de la nuit Les Compagnes de la nuit Companions of the Night , is a French drama film from 1953 , directed by Ralph Habib , written by Paul Andréota , starring Françoise Arnoul and Louis de Funès .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81bc4f984029fdd3f340586d14a61c4e", "text": "Gold Dust Gertie Gold Dust Gertie is a 1931 American Pre-Code musical comedy produced and released by Warner Brothers . It was originally completed as a full musical . Due to the backlash against musicals , however , all the songs were cut from the film in all release prints in the United States . The film was originally known as Red Hot Sinners , but was released as Gold Dust Gertie after the musical numbers had been cut . The film was based on the play The Wife of the Party by Len D. Hollister . The film stars Winnie Lightner , Ole Olsen , Chic Johnson and Claude Gillingwater .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e084842518703409ef10b0de3543940", "text": "Resan till dej Resan till dej ( The Journey to You ) is a 1953 Swedish comedy film directed by Stig Olin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "022aba0feb6a9210c1a213a1ccfe69ce", "text": "Loving You Is My Sin Loving You Is My Sin ( Italian : Amarti è il mio peccato ) is a 1953 Italian drama film directed by Sergio Grieco and starring Jacques Sernas , Luisa Rossi and Elisa Cegani .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2690556c1526dbebaffe1bbf21ede3e", "text": "I and You I and You ( German : Ich und Du ) is a 1953 West German comedy film directed by Alfred Weidenmann and starring Hardy Krüger , Liselotte Pulver and Claus Biederstaedt .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1670c590acc755b2539a1416b8a2906", "text": "Escape from Fort Bravo Escape from Fort Bravo is a 1953 Anscocolor western film set during the American Civil War . It stars William Holden , Eleanor Parker , and John Forsythe .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "e4cd1910334da25b4f6f5c89ae2d2718", "text": "Haifa Haifa ( -LSB- χei̯ˈfa , ˈχai̯fa -RSB- حيفا ) , is the third-largest city in the State of Israel , with a population of in . The city of Haifa forms part of the Haifa metropolitan area , the second - or third-most populous metropolitan area in Israel . It is also home to the Bahá ' í World Centre , a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a destination for Baha'i pilgrims . Built on the slopes of Mount Carmel , the settlement has a history spanning more than 3,000 years . The earliest known settlement in the vicinity was Tell Abu Hawam , a small port city established in the Late Bronze Age ( 14th century BCE ) . In the 3rd century CE , Haifa was known as a dye-making center . Over the centuries , the city has changed hands : being conquered and ruled by the Phoenicians , Persians , Hasmoneans , Romans , Byzantines , Arabs , Crusaders , Ottomans , British , and the Israelis . Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948 , the Haifa Municipality has governed the city . , the city is a major seaport located on Israel 's Mediterranean coastline in the Bay of Haifa covering 63.7 km2 . It lies about 90 km north of Tel Aviv and is the major regional center of northern Israel . According to researcher J. Kis-Lev Haifa is considered a relative haven for coexistence between Jews and Arabs . Two respected academic institutions , the University of Haifa and the Technion , are located in Haifa , in addition to the largest k-12 school in Israel , the Hebrew Reali School . The city plays an important role in Israel 's economy . It is home to Matam , one of the oldest and largest high-tech parks in the country ; Haifa also owns the only underground rapid transit system located in Israel , known as The Carmelit . Haifa Bay is a center of heavy industry , petroleum refining and chemical processing . Haifa formerly functioned as the western terminus of an oil pipeline from Iraq via Jordan .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "56bd7856eeb92ca45ee2a1ef1c9f32f3", "text": "Ramat Begin Ramat Begin is a neighborhood in the city of Haifa , Israel , named after Menachem Begin . This upper-medium class neighbourhood is located south to Ahuza , on the western part of Mount Carmel . Its main streets are Watson St. , Ider St. and Soroka St. Public institutions located there include Nofim Elementary School , the Maimonides Study Center and the Ohel Bracha Synagogue . At the southwest corner of the neighborhood , one finds a footpath leading up to a hill known to at least two generations of locals as Givat haIzim ( `` Goat 's Hill '' ) , and then downhill through a wadi , ending up at the Mediterranean coast just south of Haifa . Strolling through Givat haIzim is a favorite pastime of residents on shabbat , especially in the fall and spring . Developers are threatening to build there . Due to its location on the western slope of Carmel Ridge , Ramat Begin enjoys a constant breeze of fresh air , and a wide view westward to the Mediterranean Sea . Category : Neighborhoods of Haifa he : אחוזת שמואל #רמת בגין", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3283e83ee7723c8351ab638b55b7377", "text": "Freedom High School (Pennsylvania) Freedom High School is a large urban , public high school , located in Bethlehem , Pennsylvania , Northampton County in the Lehigh Valley region of Pennsylvania , in the United States . Freedom High School is one of the two public high schools operated by the Bethlehem Area School District . It is located at 3149 Chester Avenue , Bethlehem Township . In 2015 , enrollment was reported as 1843 pupils in 9th through 12th grades , with 43.5 % of pupils eligible for a free lunch due to the family meeting the federal poverty level . Additionally , 15 % of pupils received special education services , while 4.9 % of pupils were identified as gifted . The school employed 105 teachers . Per the PA Department of Education , 1 % of the teachers were rated `` Non‐Highly Qualified '' under the federal No Child Left Behind Act . The principal for 2014-2016 was Michael LaPorta . According to the National Center for Education Statistics , in 2013 , the school reported an enrollment of 1,845 pupils in grades 9th through 12th , with 737 pupils eligible for a federal free or reduced price lunch due to the family meeting the federal poverty level . In 2013 , the School employed 105 teachers yielding a student-teacher ratio of 17:1 . According to a report by the Pennsylvania Department of Education , 16 teachers were rated `` Non‐Highly Qualified '' under No Child Left Behind . Freedom High School students may choose to attend the Bethlehem Area Vocational-Technical School for training in the construction and mechanical trades . The Colonial Intermediate Unit IU20 provides the School with a wide variety of services like : specialized education for disabled students ; state mandated training on recognizing and reporting child abuse ; speech and visual disability services ; criminal background check processing for prospective employees and professional development for staff and faculty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50100e9ea2546984dbb8e2718a2ff404", "text": "Dror-Israel Dror-Israel ( Hebrew : דרור-ישראל ) is a pioneering educational movement whose mission is to effect meaningful , long-term educational and social change in Israeli society in order to promote solidarity , social activism , democracy and equality . Dror-Israel aim to form the grassroots nucleus of an exemplary society in Israel based on the vision of the prophets of Israel and the founders of Zionism . Dror Israel emphasizes participation from every sector of Israeli society , including Ethiopian and Russian immigrants , Arab Israelis , Druze and Bedouins , and middle class and working class communities . In the past decade , Dror Israel has established 16 educators ' kibbutzim in the social and geographic periphery of Israel . There are currently 1,200 young adults living in these kibbutzim , aged 20 -- 40 , who work daily in the organization 's educational , cultural and social activities with over 100,000 children , teens and adults .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8bdb4cd84e232fab7fdd0a6ca5fe1d9", "text": "Palestinian Jews Palestinian Jew is the term used to refer to a Jewish inhabitant of Palestine ( known in Hebrew as Eretz Israel , the `` Land of Israel '' ) prior to the establishment of the modern state of Israel . The common term for the Jewish community of Ottoman Palestine during the 19th century , and British Mandatory Palestine prior to the establishment of the State of Israel is Yishuv ( `` settlement '' ) . A distinction is drawn between the `` New Yishuv '' , largely composed of and descended from immigrants after the First Aliyah in 1881 , and the `` Old Yishuv '' , the pre-existing Jewish community of Palestine prior to the First Aliyah . In addition to applying to Jews who lived in Palestine during the British Mandate era , the term `` Palestinian Jews '' has also been applied to Jewish residents of Southern Syria , the southern part of the Ottoman province of Syria , and there are scholarly instances of referring to the Jews of the Palaestina Prima and Palaestina Secunda provinces ( 4th to 7th centuries CE ) of the Byzantine Empire in Late Antiquity as `` Palestinian Jews '' . After the establishment of Israel in 1948 , the Jews of Mandatory Palestine became Israeli citizens , and the term `` Palestinian Jews '' has largely fallen into disuse , in favor of the term Israeli Jews .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a3f2003c1ca99aaa0277609765a464b", "text": "Los Angeles High School Los Angeles High School is the oldest public high school in the Southern California Region and in the Los Angeles Unified School District . Its colors are royal blue and white and the teams are called the Romans . Los Angeles High School is a public secondary high school , enrolling an estimated 2,000 students in grades 9-12 . After operating on a year-round basis consisting of three tracks for ten years , it was restored to a traditional calendar in 2010 . Los Angeles High School receives accreditation approval from the Western Association of Schools and Colleges ( WASC ) . Concurrent enrollment programs , provided in large by the Los Angeles Unified School District and the Los Angeles Community College District , are offered with West Los Angeles College , Los Angeles Trade Technical College , Los Angeles City College , or Santa Monica College . Los Angeles High School is a large , urban , inner-city school located in the Mid-Wilshire District of Los Angeles . The attendance boundary consists of a contrasting spectrum of economic diversity ranging from affluent Hancock Park and Lafayette Square to the low-income , densely populated immigrant community of Koreatown . Within the school is a College Incentive Magnet Program . Forty-four percent of the student population is identified as LEP , or Limited English Proficient . Currently , 66 % of the students are identified as eligible to receive supplemental instructional services and materials through the Federal Title I Program . The magnet high school has a university preparatory secondary high school program and a `` school within a school . '' First established as a part of student integration services in the 1970s , the Los Angeles High School Math/Science/Technology magnet prepares students with an intensive , rigorous course load in order to better prepare them for university entrance . There are 317 students enrolled in the magnet program , grades 9-12 . Typically , the senior class has approximately 35 % of seniors entering into four-year universities and schools . The magnet senior class typically has 85 % of its senior class entering into four-year colleges and universities .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7150d6fccc829cb104b1d43bc4e2ade", "text": "Yeshiva of Cape Town The Yeshiva of Cape Town is a kollel and yeshiva established in 1994 . Its full title is `` The Rabbi Cyril and Ann Harris Yeshiva of Cape Town '' , named for the late Chief Rabbi . It is based in the Beit Midrash Morasha community , in the suburb of Sea Point , Cape Town . The Yeshiva 's ideology is Religious Zionist / Centrist Orthodox . It is headed by Rabbi Sam Thurgood , previously by Rabbi Eitan Bendavid , Rabbi Moshe Ordman , Rabbi Nachum Romm , Rabbi Yossi Slotnik and Rabbi Ori Einhorn , and originally by Rabbis Jonathan Glass and Moshe Kornblum . It served as the blueprint for the Torah Mitzion global Kollel initiative , now operating in some 40 cities . The Bachurim ( students ) of the Yeshiva come from Israel for a period of 11 months , mainly from hesder yeshivot . The Yeshiva provides `` a depth and breadth of Torah study for the entire Cape Town community '' . It operates a chavruta programme ( partnered study ) at various synagogues in the city ; it participates in and initiates programs throughout Cape Town and has a learning program in a different community every night . It also participates in Shabbat activities in various communities each week . Over 400 people participate weekly in the yeshiva 's various activities . The Yeshiva has also partnered with United Herzlia Schools , the local day schools , to enhance Torah education throughout the system . The bochrim also work as madrichim ( `` counselors '' ) at the Bnei Akiva South Africa summer camp .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76e27e55da69fa8c52981eaee1129f72", "text": "Tel Aviv District The Tel Aviv District is the smallest and most densely populated of six administrative districts of Israel with a population of 1.35 million residents . It is 99.0 % Jewish and 1.0 % Arab ( 0.7 % Muslim , 0.3 % Christian ) . It is also the only of the six districts to simultaneously not border the West Bank , Gaza Strip , or any international border , instead being surrounded on the north , east , and south by the Central District and on the west by the Mediterranean Sea . The population density of Tel Aviv district is 7,258 / km2 . The district 's capital is Tel Aviv and the metropolitan area created by the Tel Aviv district and its neighboring cities is locally named Gush Dan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b60b17cf2667738d742cff56a3cb6102", "text": "European School of Munich The European School of Munich ( ESM ) is one of 14 European Schools and was established in 1977 . There are currently more than 2250 students . The ESM follows the curriculum of all European Schools , which leads to the European Baccalaureate , a graduation diploma that qualifies university studies in any country of the European Union . The ESM was principally established to serve the schooling needs of children whose parents work at the European Patent Office ( EPO ) in Munich . However it is also possible for other children to attend the ESM . The current headmaster is Drs. Rudolph Ensing . The current vice-headmistress of the Primary School is Dana Pavlicíková , and the current vice-headmaster of the Secondary School is Anton Hrovath . The school moved to its current site in Neuperlach , a district in the south-east of Munich , in 1981 . In recent years , because of the popularity of the school it was necessary to construct new buildings so as to cater for the needs of an ever growing student population . The address of the school is at Elise-Aulinger-Straße 21 , 81793 München and can be reached via the U-Bahn line U5 at the station Therese-Giehse-Allee , or the Bus line 55 at the stop of Neuperlach , Friedhof . The school is split into one main building , one kindergarten , and one separate building . At each end of the main building are the primary school and the secondary school . Each of these is split into three `` Stars '' . They are called stars because they are in the shape of stars when seen from above . In the primary school there are the blue , orange stars and the more modern silver star . In the secondary school there are the green , red , and yellow stars , as well as the science Building and the `` Grüner Container '' . In both the primary and secondary school the stars are built triangularly around an `` aula '' . These aulas are where the secondary pupils may spend their free time , and where the primary school students put on plays . The old kindergarten was demolished in 2006 , and a new building has been built on this site which houses the new canteen and cafeteria on the ground floor and on the upper floors has specially utilized science labs . There is a bridge from the secondary school building to this new building which is heated and has large glass windows , like in airports . A new kindergarten now exists facing onto the Putzbrunner Straße away from the school . A tunnel leads from the main building to three large sports halls , and one smaller hall called the `` Europahalle '' . Above these sports halls are three large rooms called Erasmus , Schuman , and Monnet . In these rooms meetings and examinations are held . The growth of the school means that a further Lila container will be built which should be ready by autumn 2014 . This only an intermediary measure since a further school building has been planned , at another site , which is planned to be finished by 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e1afc3cf7d40ad41cf97d4ab09f3319", "text": "Mikveh Israel Mikveh Israel ( ; `` Hope of Israel '' ) is a youth village and boarding school in central Israel . Located in Tel Aviv District , it had a population of in . Established in 1870 , it was the first Jewish agricultural school in what is now Israel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "78dcc402114de6c760f6138cebb28f86", "text": "Haifa Bay The Bay of Haifa or Haifa Bay ( , Mifratz Haifa ) , formerly Gulf of Acre or Bay of Acre , is a bay along the Mediterranean coast of Northern Israel . Haifa Bay is Israel 's only natural harbor on the Mediterranean . Fed by the Kishon River , the cities of Haifa and Acre mark its southern and northern capes , while its centre is lined with dunes and the suburban Krayot neighbourhoods . Mount Carmel rises from the southern edge , while the mountains of the Western Galilee run up to the shore at the northern boundary . The Port of Haifa lies along part of its southeastern coastline . Haifa Bay also signifies one of Haifa 's nine boroughs , covering the overwhelmingly industrial area northeast of Downtown and south of Kiryat Hayim .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d38396fce6abda3cf87a2585d1198c93", "text": "Mayflower School May flower School was founded in January 27 , 1956 by Dr. Tai Solarin , a Nigerian educator , humanist and civil rights pioneer , who was married to Sheila Mary Tuer , an English woman ; they had two children Corin and Tunde Solarin . The school is located on a vast piece of land in Ikenne , Ogun State , Nigeria . Named after the historical Mayflower ship that brought the first batch of pilgrims to the United States . Like the pilgrims , Solarin founded the school in personal rebellion against religious persecution . Mayflower preaches a very strong educational philosophy grounded in self-reliance , self-sacrifice , public service and physical toughness . In Solarin 's words , the students must be `` rugged . '' Since the school was first established , in the boarding house , female students are forbidden from using any form of cosmetics . A rigorous , military-style living regimen requires that every student wake up at 5:00 am for a round of moderate physical exercise which involved running and in-field stretches . In his days , Dr. Solarin would often be the first to show up for these exercises . He urged his students to always `` lead by example . '' The school 's motto is `` Knowledge is Light '' and it is noted for the outstanding quality of its graduates , many of whom are leaders in Nigeria and abroad . Every student is taught the basics of rudimentary and mechanized farming as part of a well rounded , self-sustaining education . The students wear a uniform styled after Tai Solarin 's trademark apparel -- simple khaki shorts and short-sleeve shirts . This applies to both male and female students . Graduates of the school are called `` Ex-Mays . '' The school 's sound academic reputation has produced a long record of achievements , including the first female engineer in sub-Saharan Africa . In 1962 a team of 13 American college and university students spent June and July at Mayflower under the sponsorship of Operation Crossroads Africa . The team worked with counterpart students from Wesley College , Ibadan , to construct a building that would serve as a library for the school . The team was led by the then College Chaplain of Alma College , Alma , Michigan . As a consequence of the Crossroads experience , a relationship was formed between Alma and Mayflower School . Between 1963 and 1988 , annually , an Alma College student spent the year as a teacher at Mayflower . In the course of the relationship several Mayflower students studied at , and graduated from , Alma College ; and Tai Solarin was awarded the college 's honorary degree . The Crossroads and Alma College connection is detailed in Dr. Solarin 's own history , Mayflower , The Story of a School , ( Lagos , Nigeria , John West Publications , 1970 ) . Mayflower School , Ikenne : http://mayflowerschoolikenne.com Ex-mays on the web : http://www.ex-mays.com/ Ex-mays on the web - MSN Group : http://groups.msn.com/MayflowerSchoolStudents/_whatsnew.msnw Tai Solarin related links : http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/richard_carrier/Tai_Solarin.html Ex-mays on the web : http://www.exmays.net Alma College : http://www.alma.edu Operation Crossroads Africa : http://operationcrossroadsafrica.org/ Category :1956 establishments in Nigeria Category : Educational institutions established in 1956 Category : Secondary schools in Ogun State", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3dab359060c0caedb97ee69524fab4b6", "text": "Yeshiva University High School for Girls Samuel H. Wang Yeshiva University High School for Girls ( YUHSG , also known as `` Central '' ) offers college preparatory curricula and Jewish studies programs leading to an academic diploma endorsed by the New York State Board of Regents and the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools . Affiliated with Yeshiva University , the school is located in Holliswood , in the New York City borough of Queens . Currently Miriam Goldberg is Chairwomen , Chaya Batya ( C.B. ) Neugroschl is Head of School and Beverly Segal , Associate Principal and Bracha Rutner Assistant Principal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "372c33b9362f13fc123a5f11dcb475ec", "text": "San Anton School San Anton School is a private co-educational school located near Mġarr , Malta . The school was founded in 1988 in the village of Attard , close to the President 's San Anton Palace - hence it was named `` San Anton '' School . It was the first school set up by the Parents ' Foundation for Education , the first of its type in Malta . Within a few years this non-profit school became so popular that a new premises was built in the L-Imselliet valley , on the outskirts of Mġarr , where today it educates nearly 1000 students aged 18 months to 16 . San Anton School also offers a kindergarten as well as a Summer School , the latter of which is open to all children aged 4 to 13 , including non San Anton School students . The school obtains its funding from the school 's parents as well as from fund-raising activities . With regards to sports San Anton School now has a FIFA approved football pitch and an all-weather IAAF approved running track . It also possesses other sports facilities for practising Futsal , Tennis , Basketball and gymnastics , amongst several other sports . The school also offers after school coaching activities including athletics , football , tennis , multi-sports , and makes the premises available for rent . The school is one of the few schools in Malta that educates children from kindergarten all the way to the end of secondary school .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d80e79fb418c0f45d2608585799c2b24", "text": "Biltmore Conference The Biltmore Conference , also known by its resolution as the Biltmore Program , was a fundamental departure from traditional Zionist policy with its demand `` that Palestine be established as a Jewish Commonwealth . '' The meeting was held in New York City at the prestigious Biltmore Hotel from May 6 to May 11 , 1942 with 600 delegates and Zionist leaders from 18 countries attending . The Biltmore Program has been described by a number of historians as `` a virtual coup d'etat '' within the Zionist movement , in which more moderate leaders were replaced with leaders with more aggressive goals . Prior to Biltmore , official Zionism steadfastly refused to formulate the ultimate aim of the movement preferring instead to concentrate on the practical task of building the Jewish National Home . The Biltmore Program became the official Zionist stand on the ultimate aim of the movement . According to Ben-Gurion , the `` first and essential '' stage of the program was the immigration of two million additional Jews to Palestine , a target which later became official Zionist policy after being revised downwards in the One Million Plan . There was no reference to the Arab population of Palestine , and , according to Anita Shapira , marked a transition to the view that conflict was inevitable between the Arabs and Jews , and could only resolved by the sword . The major shift at Biltmore was prompted by intense common opposition to the British White Paper of 1939 , which interpreted the terms of the Mandate in a way that would freeze `` the Jewish community to a permanent minority status , '' and the then-current war negative situation . It was also prompted by the realization that America would play a larger part in fulfillment of Zionist designs after the war . Official Zionism 's firm , unequivocal stand did not please every one , however . The pro-British Chaim Weizmann had bristled at them and bi-nationalists such as Henrietta Szold and Judah L. Magnes rejected them and broke off to establish their own party , Ichud ( Unification ) , that advocated an Arab -- Jewish Federation . Opposition to the Biltmore Program also lead to the founding of the anti-Zionist American Council for Judaism . Various Zionist organizations were represented in the American Emergency Committee of Zionist Affairs , which called an `` Extraordinary Zionist Conference '' as a substitute for the full ( 22nd ) Zionist Congress which had been cancelled due to World War II . Attendees included Chaim Weizmann , as President of the World Zionist Organization , David Ben-Gurion as Chairman of the Jewish Agency Executive , and Nahum Goldmann as a member of the Executive of the Zionist Organization of America . The four main organisations of American Jewry represented were : the Zionist Organization of America , Hadassah , Mizrahi , and Poale Zion . Among the American organizers was Reform Rabbi Abba Hillel Silver .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa2032ea64d48ccb1f30eb829c85b69a", "text": "Kfar Brandeis Kfar Brandeis ( lit : Brandeis village ) is a neighborhood in the Israeli city of Hadera . Kfar Brandeis was founded as a rural village in 1927 , and was named after Louis Brandeis , an American Jewish supreme court judge and the founder of `` The Economic Company for the Land of Israel '' . The company purchased land South of the moshava Hadera from a Bedouin clan in order to settle forty families there . Each family received a farm of 20 chickens and one cow , a share in a joint orchard and a small home with one room , a small kitchen and a balcony . Towards the end of 1928 , the forty houses were ready to house the new settlers , and the company had also given comfort purchasing conditions . As time went by , the farms began to grow but there were no jobs to provide the settlers ' daily needs . There was an attempt to grow Jasmine flowers for the Baron Rothschild 's perfume factory in Binyamina , but this did n't work out . During the 1929 Palestine riots the citizens of Kfar Brandeis were evacuated to the nearest Hadera , although the men returned to guard the settlement , armed with only one hunting gun and a few bayonets . The settlers also suffered during the 1936 -- 1939 Arab revolt in Palestine , as Arab mobs destroyed part of their orchard and murdered a number of citizens . Kfar Brandeis was integrated into Hadera in 1951 , 3 years after the foundation of The State of Israel . The village retained its independence regarding to water issues for many years after , but now is an integral part of the city . Category : Hadera", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a71e81481a1d86b4ec21a568cc0cb0a", "text": "Mir Yeshiva (Jerusalem) The Mir Yeshiva ( ישיבת מיר , Yeshivas Mir ) , known as the Mirrer Yeshiva or The Mir , is an Orthodox Jewish yeshiva in Jerusalem , Israel . With over 8,500 single and married students , it is the largest yeshiva in the world . Most students are from the United States and Israel , with many from other part of the world such as UK , Belgium , France , Mexico , Switzerland , Argentina , Australia and Canada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb12494ca8211daed83db8bb44deca94", "text": "The Founding Myths of Israel The Founding Myths of Israel : Nationalism , Socialism , and the Making of the Jewish State is a book by Zeev Sternhell . It was published in Hebrew in 1995 , in French in 1996 and in English in 1998 . The stated purpose of the book is an analysis of the ideology and actions of labor Zionism in the period before the 1948 Arab-Israeli War . In that period labor Zionism 's leaders dominated the institutions of the Yishuv , the Jewish community in Palestine . Sternhell 's thesis is that the actions and decisions of the leaders of labor Zionism were guided by a nationalist ideology , and not by a socialist ideology . In the `` Introduction '' and the `` Epilogue '' Sternhell extrapolates this attitude of the leaders to Israeli politics and argues that nationalist policies have overshadowed social and liberal policies for a long time , and are still endangering Israel 's ability to develop as a free and open society . Questions that Sternhell investigates are : Was a unique synthesis between socialism and nationalism ever achieved in Palestine ? Did the founders intend to create an alternative to bourgeois society , or did they renounce the social objective from the beginning as incompatible ? Was equality a genuine goal , however longterm , or was it only a mobilizing myth ? Was the nationalism of Labor Zionism and its practical expression , the conquering of the land , in any way special ? Did it have a universalistic , humanistic and rationalistic basis that distinguished it from the nationalism flourishing in Eastern Europe ? Did it ever have the potential to overcome the religious substance of Jewish nationalism , and thus establish a liberal , secular and open society , at peace with itself and its neighbours ? Sternhell 's answer to the first five questions is `` no '' . The book has received considerable attention . It was the topic of a conference at the distinguished Van Leer Institute in Jerusalem and the subject of the lead review in the weekly literary supplement of Ha'Aretz newspaper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cfec10062aef07845fccb69dec3ca5b5", "text": "Jerusalem University College Jerusalem University College , founded in 1957 and formerly known as the American Institute of Holy Land Studies , is an independent undergraduate and graduate academic institution in Israel used by a consortium of 85 North American theological seminaries and Christian colleges and universities , as well as schools from Africa and Asia . Students from non-consortium schools , including Christian and secular Universities , who meet the entrance requirements also attend . JUC has an independent two-year graduate program of courses leading to the degrees of Master of Arts in Biblical History , Geography , Middle Eastern Cultures and Religions . For consortium students , it offers a graduate or undergraduate semester or year abroad ( in Israel ) , as well as shorter two and three week courses . The school 's curriculum falls `` within the framework of the conservative evangelical Christian thought as represented by the members schools of the consortium , '' -- these schools include a wide range of Protestant traditions . JUC is accredited by the Asian Theological Association ( ATA ) and is an international affiliate of the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities The campus is located on Mount Zion outside the Old City of Jerusalem near the Jaffa Gate and overlooks the Hinnom Valley ( Valley of Gehenna ) . Since 1967 , the school 's campus has been the grounds of the Bishop Gobat School ( est. 1847 by Samuel Gobat ) , which moved in 1853 in the building erected on unused reserve land of the Protestant Mount Zion Cemetery . The cemetery is only reached through the campus . The company that operates Jerusalem University College has an office in Rockford , Illinois .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe8641302191bb8bbd5f390f4c772797", "text": "Rabin Pre-Military Academy The Rabin Pre-Military Academy ( full name : המכינה הקדם-צבאית להכשרת מנהיגות חברתית ע '' ש יצחק רבין ; HaMekhina HaKdam-Tzva ` it LeHakhsharat Manhigut Hevratit Al Shem Yitzhak Rabin -- The Pre-army Preparatory Program for Training Social Leadership , named for Yitzhak Rabin ) is a secular mechinah for high-school graduates in Israel , located at the Oranim College in the Western Galilee . Founded in 1998 , the program features intensive studies in a range of subjects focusing on the sociopolitics of Israel , its history focusing on the pre-state pioneering settlers , Jewish studies , and humanistic-ideological aspects of current events , as well as personal development . The studies are combined with volunteer service in the public school system of outlying communities . The 10-month residential program defers compulsory military service in the framework of the post-secondary `` year of service '' ( sh ` nat sherut ) , after which its graduates are inducted into the Israel Defense Forces . The academy was founded and still directed by Danny Zamir who is a deputy battalion commander in the reserves .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d582b7bb3dcb1d03591e0fe9e71e2f2c", "text": "1967 Palestinian exodus The 1967 Palestinian exodus refers to the flight of around 280,000 to 325,000 Palestinians out of the territories captured by Israel during and in the aftermath of the Six-Day War , including the demolition of the Palestinian villages of Imwas , Yalo , and Bayt Nuba , Surit , Beit Awwa , Beit Mirsem , Shuyukh , Al-Jiftlik , Agarith and Huseirat and the `` emptying '' of the refugee camps of Aqabat Jaber and ʿEin as-Sultan . Approximately 145,000 of the 1967 Palestinian refugees were refugees from the 1948 Palestine War . By December 1967 , 245,000 had fled from the West Bank and Gaza Strip further into Jordan , 11,000 had fled from the Gaza Strip further into Egypt and 116,000 Palestinians and Syrians had fled from the Golan Heights further into Syria . A United Nations Special Committee heard allegations of the destruction of over 400 Arab villages , but no evidence in corroboration was furnished to the Special Committee to investigate Israeli practices affecting the human rights of the population of the occupied territories . Until 1967 , roughly half of all Palestinians still lived within the boundaries of former Mandatory Palestine , but the majority lived outside the territory from 1967 . A 1971 United Nations report stated that : `` On the basis of the testimony placed before it or obtained by it in the course of its investigations , the Special Committee had been led to conclude that the Government of Israel is deliberately carrying out policies aimed at preventing the population of the occupied territories from returning to their homes and forcing those who are in their homes in the occupied territories to leave , either by direct means such as deportation or indirectly by attempts at undermining their morale or through the offer of special inducements , all with the ultimate object of annexing and settling the occupied territories . The Special Committee considers the acts of the Government of Israel in furtherance of these policies to be the most serious violation of human rights that has come to its attention . The evidence shows that this situation has deteriorated since the last mission of the Special Committee in 1970 . '' After the psychological warfare unit made a visit to Qalqilya and many of the residents had fled , the UN representative Nils-Göran Gussing noted that 850 of the town 's 2,000 houses were demolished .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "cbe76170e56b847f088f8e49cfc1dace", "text": "Stone Temple Pilots Stone Temple Pilots ( sometimes abbreviated as STP ) are an American rock band from San Diego , California , that originally consisted of Scott Weiland ( lead vocals ) , brothers Dean ( guitar ) and Robert DeLeo ( bass , backing vocals ) , and Eric Kretz ( drums ) . Since the band 's formation in 1989 , its line-up remained unchanged until the firing of Weiland in 2013 , who was replaced by Linkin Park vocalist Chester Bennington . In 2015 , Bennington left the band to focus solely on Linkin Park . On December 3 , 2015 , Weiland was found dead on his tour bus prior to a performance with his band The Wildabouts . In 2016 , the band launched an online audition for a new lead vocalist . After forming in 1989 under the name Mighty Joe Young , the band signed with Atlantic Records and changed its name to Stone Temple Pilots . The band found immediate success in 1993 upon releasing their debut album , Core ( 1992 ) , and went on to become one of the most commercially successful bands of the 1990s . The band released four more studio albums : Purple ( 1994 ) , Tiny Music ... Songs from the Vatican Gift Shop ( 1996 ) , No. 4 ( 1999 ) and Shangri-La Dee Da ( 2001 ) , before separating in 2002 , after which the band members partook in various projects ( most notably Velvet Revolver and Army of Anyone ) . The band eventually reconvened in 2008 for a reunion tour , released a new self-titled album in 2010 , and actively toured until Chester Bennington 's departure . The band 's only material with Bennington was the EP High Rise in 2013 . While initially displaying a sound typically identified as grunge early on in its career , further releases from the band expressed a variety of influences , including psychedelic rock , bossa nova and classic rock . The band 's evolution throughout the 1990s and early 2000s involved several tumultuous periods of commercial highs and lows , brought about in part by Weiland 's well-publicized struggles with drug addiction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a2093b0bfc48f44608716d1c3da6f4e", "text": "Scott Weiland Scott Richard Weiland ( -LSB- ˈwaɪlənd -RSB- born Scott Richard Kline ; October 27 , 1967 -- December 3 , 2015 ) was an American musician , singer and songwriter . During a career spanning three decades , Weiland was best known as the lead singer of the band Stone Temple Pilots from 1989 to 2002 and 2008 to 2013 . He was also a member of supergroup Velvet Revolver from 2003 to 2008 and recorded one album with another supergroup Art of Anarchy . He established himself as a solo artist as well , releasing three studio albums , two cover albums , a live album and collaborations with several other musicians since 1995 . Though derided by critics early in his career , Weiland 's onstage persona was known as being flamboyant and chaotic ; he was also known for constantly changing his appearance and vocal style , his use of a megaphone in concert for vocal effect , as well as his battles with substance abuse . Now widely viewed as a talented and versatile vocalist , Weiland has been ranked in the Top 100 Heavy Metal Vocalists by Hit Parader ( No. 57 ) . In 2012 , Weiland formed Scott Weiland and the Wildabouts , receiving mixed reviews : some critics and fans noted Weiland 's failing health . In December 2015 , Weiland died of an accidental drug overdose on his tour bus in Minnesota at the age of 48 . Upon his death , many critics and peers offered reevaluations of Weiland 's life and career , including David Fricke of Rolling Stone and Billy Corgan of The Smashing Pumpkins , the latter calling Weiland one of three `` voices of the generation '' alongside Kurt Cobain and Layne Staley .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d8178ece13b25bf0e88dc03370f2eab9", "text": "Jack Tempchin Jack Tempchin is an American musician and singer-songwriter , best known for writing the Eagles classic `` Peaceful Easy Feeling '' and co-writing `` Already Gone '' , `` The Girl From Yesterday '' , `` Somebody '' , and `` It 's Your World Now '' . During the Eagles ' breakup period ( 1980 -- 1994 ) he co-wrote with Glenn Frey producing `` You Belong to the City '' , `` Smuggler 's Blues '' , `` The One You Love '' , `` I Found Somebody '' and `` True Love '' . Among numerous other songs , Tempchin wrote `` Swayin ' to the Music ( Slow Dancing ) '' . The song was first recorded by the short-lived group The Funky Kings , of which Tempchin was a member at the time . In 1977 , the song became a top-10 pop hit for Johnny Rivers , and in 1979 it was a top-10 country hit for Johnny Duncan . Other compositions include : `` Someone That You Used To Know '' ( George Jones ) `` White Shoes '' ( Emmylou Harris , Randy Meisner ) `` Rollin ' '' ( Glen Campbell ) `` To Feel That Way At All '' ( Patty Loveless ) `` Somebody Trying To Tell You Something '' ( Tanya Tucker ) `` You Can Go Home '' ( with Chris Hillman , recorded by The Desert Rose Band in 1991 ) `` Your Tattoo '' ( Sammy Kershaw ) `` East Of Eden '' ( Tom Rush ) `` 15 Days Under The Hood '' ( The Paladins , New Riders of the Purple Sage ) `` Who 's Been Sleeping In My Bed '' ( Phantom Blues Band , Candye Kane ) `` Swayin To The Music ( Slow Dancin ) '' ( Johnny Rivers , Funky Kings , Olivia Newton John , Ian Gomm and Johnny Duncan ) Tempchin has also toured extensively as a solo artist over the years , opening for artists such as Ringo Starr , Jackson Browne , Dave Mason , Poco , Dolly Parton , Karla Bonoff , Chicago , Christopher Cross , Kenny Loggins , Timothy B. Schmit , Barry McGuire , Tom Rush , Al Kooper and Emmylou Harris . His current band is called Rocket Science , which plays at venues throughout Southern California and beyond . He is from Encinitas , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1e676d9182d03d89cc25aee87160f20", "text": "Ray Whitley (singer-songwriter, born 1901) Raymond Otis Whitley ( December 5 , 1901 -- February 21 , 1979 ) , also known as Ray Whitley , was a Country and Western singer and actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fff4801baca4167a26f66b8fe95af6ae", "text": "Kenny Edwards Kenneth Michael `` Kenny '' Edwards ( February 10 , 1946 -- August 18 , 2010 ) was an American singer , songwriter , bassist , guitarist , mandolinist , and session musician . He was a founding member of the Stone Poneys and Bryndle and a long-time collaborator with Linda Ronstadt and Karla Bonoff .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9cb1295379bba0ae79d4d43fcfbc8f04", "text": "Mickey Champion Mickey Champion ( born Mildred Sallier April 9 , 1925 - November 24 , 2014 ) was an American blues singer . With a career spanning five decades , Champion is best remembered for her powerful vocals , and for guesting alongside other prominent musical acts . Champion was born in Lake Charles , Louisiana . She was raised by her aunts and had her first experience as a singer at Lake Charles Christian Methodist Episcopal Church , where her grandfather was a bishop . Admired for the quality and intensity of her religious singing , she became part of a vocal trio , and while in high school was heard and praised by bandleader Louis Jordan . However , Champion , upon her family 's insistence , was required to turn down an offer by Jordan to join his troupe . Shortly after graduating from high school , Champion married her first husband , Norman Champion , and in 1945 the couple moved to Los Angeles . Originally working as Little Mickey Champion , she soon lead an active career in the cities bustling nightclub scene . The marriage between Mickey and Norman Champion was brief and soon ended in divorce . As her notoriety for her powerful vocalizing without the use of any microphones grew , Champion expanded her performing outside Los Angeles alongside other musical acts such as T-Bone Walker , Little Esther Phillips , Billie Holiday , Duke Ellington , Ray Charles , and Jackie Wilson in the late 1940s and early 1950s . Among one of her collaborators was Roy Milton , who Champion married , recorded several sides with in the mid-1950s , and stayed with until Milton 's death in 1983 . In addition , Champion recorded four singles , along with several demos . In the 1960s , Champion withdrew from touring to focus on her family , but still performed in nightclubs on weekends . After a long hiatus , she returned to recording , producing two albums I am Your Loving Legend ! and What You Want both on Tandef Records . Champion suffered several strokes before dying on November 24 , 2014 in Los Angeles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d300326d4b937aa489888db34822dfa", "text": "Eddie Money Edward Joseph Mahoney ( born March 21 , 1949 ) , known professionally as Eddie Money , is an American singer , songwriter and multi-instrumentalist who had success in the 1970s and 1980s with a string of Top 40 hits and platinum albums .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "706dfd1d597ab227e95e65cf29c4dc45", "text": "Hearts & Flowers Hearts & Flowers was a Los Angeles folk rock club band , perhaps most significant as one of the groups that launched the career of Eagles ' founding member and guitarist-songwriter , Bernie Leadon . The lineup included Larry Murray ( vocals , guitar ) , Dave Dawson ( vocals , guitar , autoharp ) , and Rick Cunha ( vocals , guitar ) . The individual members met at the ongoing Monday night jam sessions being held at The Troubador over which Murray presided . Cunha and Dawson , who played in a duo , were newcomers as recent transplants to the area from Hawaii . After a few informal picking sessions , the trio gelled and started performing . `` We had a unique sound , a very strange sound , particularly because we found what we did best was old , traditional , country hillbilly music , Murray told John Einarson . `` That became the core of what we did , the three of us , and we took it from there . '' The group 's sound was described as `` Merle Haggard-meets-Sgt . Pepper '' as a result of the wide-ranging influences each member brought to Hearts & Flowers . This included the aforementioned Haggard , plus Buck Owens , The Louvin and Everly brothers , The Country Gentlemen , The Beatles , and Bob Dylan . With such unorthodox influences -- plus the fact that the band featured autoharp -- , the group was torn about the direction it wanted to take . `` Had it been up to us , we would have gone way country , '' said Cunha . `` We wanted it to be commercial and fit into the pop market , but left to our own devices it would have been even more country . Production changed what we would have done . '' Meanwhile , Hearts & Flowers was influencing local musicians who heard them in various folk clubs around the Los Angeles area . This included several people who would later be credited with developing the then-germinating Southern California country-rock sound . Jim Messina ( Buffalo Springfield , Poco , Loggins and Messina ) says , `` Those three guys were probably the closest thing to what we were all flowing into . They were the cutting edge of where the rest of us were going . They were the black that did n't quite have the edge sharped on it yet . I got my first Telecaster from Rick Cunha . '' The group signed a deal with Capitol Records ' Folk World label in December 1966 . Once in the studio , the trio was filled out with studio musicians and steered into a more folk direction . On the road , the group would be augmented with an ever-changing series of musicians including Terry Paul ( Kris Kristofferson ) , Pete Carr ( The Hour Glass ) , and Karen Carpenter ( The Carpenters ) . Tensions over the direction of the group eventually came to a head . Cunha left the group in Fall 1967 to write country music and produce . Leadon replaced Cunha for the second album in 1968 . Leadon was well known to Murray as they had played in the Scottsville Squirrel Barkers , a San Diego bluegrass group responsible for launching both those members ' careers as well as those of Chris Hillman ( The Byrds , The Flying Burrito Brothers , Manassas ) and Kenny Wertz ( The Flying Burrito Brothers , Country Gazette ) . Among venues they played during the mid-1960s , were Los Angeles clubs Ledbetter 's , Doug Weston 's Troubadour , The Whisky-a-Go-Go , and the Ash Grove , primarily as an opening act . Some of the groups with whom they shared a bill included The Doors , Bill Monroe , The Buffalo Springfield , and Blue Cheer . After recording two albums without major success , the group disbanded in 1968 . Murray claims the group was `` in a rut '' and each member was working with other , different musicians . `` But for a simple twist of fate , we could have been huge . We had what it took , we had a lot of charisma , the personality of the group was amazing . But I do n't think we were focused business-wise . We tended to go with losers , because they were less high-pressure , and we dodged the real pressure people whose asses we should have been kissing . But you do what you do . Everything we did seemed like a good idea at the time . '' The timing of the break-up could n't have been worse . It was just prior to the release of the seminal country-rock album by The Byrds , Sweetheart of the Rodeo , and the subsequent formation of The Flying Burrito Brothers , both of which are credited with popularizing the genre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5612437b3fa54eaac330015484862f1", "text": "Cornell Gunter Cornell Gunter ( November 14 , 1936 -- February 26 , 1990 ) was an American rhythm and blues singer , most active in the 1950s and 1960s . He was born in Coffeyville , Kansas , and died in Las Vegas , Nevada , after being shot in his automobile . He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1987 as a member of The Coasters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce34f86eeb90c3e3e58c214da1d7dccc", "text": "JoJo Billingsley Deborah Jo `` JoJo '' Billingsley ( May 28 , 1952 -- June 24 , 2010 ) was an American singer , soloist , songwriter and recording artist . She was best known for her work with the Honkettess , backup singers for the Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53791857eef153b0ef6c25deb528e755", "text": "Michael Anthony Franano Michael Anthony Franano ( born 1964 ) is an American rock singer/songwriter and musician known for his work in the hard rock and alternative genres .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4144e62fd2b13da319d66e7f2f6d293c", "text": "Peter Keys Peter Pisarczyk ( born May 30 , 1965 ) , better known as Peter Keys is an American keyboardist . He is best known for his work with George Clinton in various P-Funk line-ups and as a member of Lynyrd Skynyrd since 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5887bf4536e3e9d113ecafcf355f517", "text": "Elvis Presley's guitars Elvis Presley 's guitars were a major component of the iconic rock and roll image created by Elvis Presley that revolutionized popular culture in the 1950s and 1960s . It is impossible to gauge the impact of that image on millions of young people around the world who were inspired to learn to play guitar after watching Presley in performance , on television , or in films . Although not known for his abilities as a guitarist , Presley had a profound musical influence on some of the most important rock and roll artists to emerge since the 1950s , including Buddy Holly , John Lennon , Paul McCartney , George Harrison , Bob Dylan , and Bruce Springsteen . The extent of Presley 's impact on their lives and music is captured in John Lennon 's famous quote : `` Before Elvis , there was nothing . '' According to his first lead guitarist , Scotty Moore , Presley was not `` an accomplished musician '' , yet he possessed `` an uncanny and amazing sense of timing and rhythm . '' In the early years of his career , Presley 's rhythm guitar accompaniment played a major role in the sound of his early performances and recordings . Moore noted that as Presley began to learn to move on stage and to work the audience with his physical performance , his guitar became more of a `` prop '' . Presley was not known to treat his instruments in a gentle manner . His very aggressive strumming style would frequently break strings during his performances . The lack of a microphone on his guitar throughout those years contributed to the development of his `` aggressive style in attempt to be heard '' . As his career progressed , he became even more aggressive toward his instruments , frequently tossing his guitar to Charlie Hodge , who sometimes failed to catch it . The impact of the large belt buckles and jewelry he wore left their marks on most of his instruments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "13122c973a76a90f2fb34b88b6559108", "text": "Richard Lloyd (guitarist) Richard Lloyd ( born October 25 , 1951 ) is an American guitarist , singer and songwriter , best known as a founding member of the rock band Television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "892c1ba977d049f7127fa092b5f5f297", "text": "Perry Farrell Perry Farrell ( born Peretz Bernstein ; March 29 , 1959 ) is an American singer-songwriter and musician , best known as the frontman for the alternative rock band Jane 's Addiction . Farrell created the touring festival Lollapalooza as a farewell tour for Jane 's Addiction in 1991 ; it has since evolved into an annual destination festival . Farrell continues to produce Lollapalooza with partners William Morris Agency and C3 . Farrell has also led the alternative rock groups Porno for Pyros and Satellite Party . He is the only person who has performed at all twelve Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festivals to date , having appeared under five different names ( Perry Farrell , Jane 's Addiction , DJ Peretz , Satellite Party , and with Hybrid ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4018ebd746fb593961e300013401ea5e", "text": "Timothy Wright Timothy Wright ( June 17 , 1947 -- April 24 , 2009 ) , generally credited as Rev. Timothy Wright or Reverend Timothy Wright on recordings , was an American gospel singer and pastor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "496f24d87d433edb3454f7eabd2b245a", "text": "Shangri-La Dee Da Shangri-La Dee Da is the fifth studio album by American hard rock band Stone Temple Pilots . It was produced by Brendan O'Brien and released on June 19 , 2001 , by Atlantic Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d4fa3add16186fef7c663cb15df2997", "text": "Wayne Nelson Wayne Nelson ( born June 1 , 1950 in Kansas City , Missouri ) is an American singer and musician best known for being a member of the rock band Little River Band .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44f63230a29323b6c9db9238c9d5dcdf", "text": "In Search of Amelia Earhart In Search of Amelia Earhart is the 1972 album by Plainsong , a band formed by country rock/folk rock musician Ian Matthews and Andy Roberts . Ian Matthews played in four different incarnations within three years . He had left Fairport Convention for his own band , Matthews ' Southern Comfort , put out two solo LPs for Vertigo Records , and then started the band Plainsong . It is probably fair to say that In Search of Amelia Earhart is the pinnacle of Matthews ' work in the 1970s . Working with producer Sandy Roberton ( Hard Meat , Steeleye Span , Shirley Collins ) , Ian and bandmates , notably Andy Roberts who shared vocals on the album , created an atypical British folk album conceived around the idea of the legends surrounding Amelia Earhart and her supposed demise . Matthews had read a book by Fred Goerner hypothesizing that Earhart and her flying companion Frederick Noonan had crashed around the Japanese held Marshall Island area and been taken prisoner by the Japanese on Saipan , in the Marianas , in 1937 . Their plane had supposedly been outfitted with aerial cameras and had a bigger fuel tank than anyone outside of the US government knew . After being grilled by Japanese interrogators Earhart would perish of dysentery , and Noonan was beheaded by the Japanese . Not all of the songs on the album are directly about Amelia Earhart . But the album carries that somber , mellow tone that so much great folk music of the early '70s was in touch with . Many of the songs are about seeing and reaching for light , whether they be the light of day or the light of death . So in a way the album is more about the way people felt about , cared about and thought about Amelia Earhart and her death . That she is still considered a heroine of aviation and a distinctly American hero keeps the mystery of what happened to her in the greater cultural imagination .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d403ba95538df951631b910094752a5", "text": "Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist . It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . '' The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist . Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 . Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year . 1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a99b6ebc5efb87b37f74b5e05981a3a1", "text": "Ritchie Adams Richard Adam Ziegler ( December 15 , 1938 -- March 6 , 2017 ) , known professionally as Ritchie Adams , was an American singer and songwriter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "260b89e84ee738b7ecba19539dfdd866", "text": "Ron Tyson Ron Tyson ( born February 8 , 1948 ) is an American singer and songwriter . Tyson is the current tenor for long-lived singing group The Temptations , filling the role made famous by Eddie Kendricks in the 1960s .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "6a40a6686039cf02514e00c0351197cf", "text": "Paul Pierce Paul Anthony Pierce ( born October 13 , 1977 ) is an American former professional basketball player who played 19 seasons in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . Pierce was a high school McDonald 's All-American and earned All-America first team honors in his junior year at Kansas . Pierce spent the first fifteen years of his career with the Boston Celtics , who drafted him with the 10th overall pick in the 1998 NBA draft . He became a bone fide star as captain of the Celtics , earning ten All-Star nods and becoming a four-time All-NBA team member . After nine seasons of leading the Celtics as their sole star player , Pierce combined with Kevin Garnett and Ray Allen in 2007 to form a `` Big Three '' that together led Boston to the NBA Finals in 2008 and 2010 , winning the 2008 NBA Championship . Pierce was instrumental to the Celtics ' 2008 championship run , as he was awarded the Finals MVP after averaging 22 points per game . Pierce is one of only three players , alongside Larry Bird and John Havlicek , to score over 20,000 points in their career with the Celtics alone . He holds the Celtics ' record for most three-point field goals made and also ranks third in team history in games played , second in points scored , seventh in total rebounds , fifth in total assists , and first in total steals . He has also made the fourth most three-point field goals in NBA history , behind only Jason Terry , Reggie Miller and Ray Allen . His nickname , `` The Truth '' , was given to him by Shaquille O'Neal in March 2001 . In July 2013 , Pierce was included in a deal that sent him to the Brooklyn Nets , along with teammates Kevin Garnett and Jason Terry . He signed with the Washington Wizards the following offseason , but after just one season with the Wizards , he moved back home to Los Angeles and reunited with his former Celtics coach Doc Rivers at the Clippers . He spent two seasons with the Clippers before retiring following the 2016 -- 17 season .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "6f8a46980024ede5bc3382e5e6cf94ec", "text": "Aaron Pierce (24 character) Aaron Pierce is a fictional character on the television series 24 , played by actor Glenn Morshower . Pierce is a Special Agent with the U.S. Secret Service , tasked with leading the teams guarding , at various times , David Palmer and Charles Logan . Pierce has one son , who , when last he was mentioned , was serving in the U.S. Navy . Aside from Jack Bauer , Pierce is the only character to have appeared in each of the first seven seasons of 24 , and is also one of the few long standing characters to survive his tenure in the show .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "537d00ddaaf66b6025e2f1aa05e54ffc", "text": "1961 NCAA Men's Basketball All-Americans The consensus 1961 College Basketball All-American team , as determined by aggregating the results of seven major All-American teams . To earn `` consensus '' status , a player must win honors from a majority of the following teams : the Associated Press , the USBWA , The United Press International , the National Association of Basketball Coaches , the Newspaper Enterprise Association ( NEA ) , The Sporting News , and the National Collegiate Association Bureau ( NCAB ) . 1961 was the only year where the National Collegiate Association Bureau teams were used in determining consensus teams .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2602e388c4447c20ab21ee84bbced55", "text": "2005 College Baseball All-America Team An All-American team is an honorary sports team composed of the best amateur players of a specific season for each team position -- who in turn are given the honorific `` All-America '' and typically referred to as `` All-American athletes '' , or simply `` All-Americans '' . Although the honorees generally do not compete together as a unit , the term is used in U.S. team sports to refer to players who are selected by members of the national media . Walter Camp selected the first All-America team in the early days of American football in 1889 . The NCAA recognizes four different All-America selectors for the 2005 college baseball season : the American Baseball Coaches Association ( since 1947 ) , Baseball America ( since 1981 ) , Collegiate Baseball ( since 1991 ) , and the National Collegiate Baseball Writers Association ( since 2001 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8eddb7dbb3bef4f4a5ec233f16a7e660", "text": "Robert W. Pierce Robert W. Pierce was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be1c2857a05d7bb0064718fc0a05347f", "text": "Paul C. Reinert Rev. Paul Clare Reinert , S.J. , ( August 12 , 1910 -- July 22 , 2001 ) was the president of Saint Louis University and a community leader in St. Louis , Missouri , USA . During his twenty-five year tenure as president , Reinert transformed the university and was a vocal advocate for social justice . He was born on August 12 , 1910 , to Francis and Emma Reinert and died July 22 , 2001 , in St. Louis , Missouri . In 1927 , he entered the Society of Jesus and received both an A.B. ( 1927 ) and a M.A. ( 1934 ) from Saint Louis University . He then served as register at St. Mary 's College in Kansas before earning a Ph.D. from the University of Chicago ( 1944 ) . After completing his Ph.D. , he returned to Saint Louis University to serve as the Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences ( 1944 -- 1948 ) , vice-president ( 1948 -- 1949 ) and president ( 1949 -- 1974 ) . After he retired from the presidency , he served as chancellor ( 1974 -- 1991 ) and chancellor emeritus ( 1991 -- 2001 ) until his death . Reinert 's presidency of Saint Louis University marked a seminal period in the history of the university , Catholic education and American education in general . He faced an increased post-war enrollment in higher education and the necessary changes in curriculum . Under his administration , the university admitted women as regular students . In addition , while a junior administrator , he worked for the admission of the first African-American students to the university in 1944 . Saint Louis University thus became the first historically white university in a former slave state to admit African-American students . As the country 's cities faced increased racial tensions and urban universities dealt with the dilemma of the `` white flight '' . Reinert committed the institution to remain in urban St. Louis , as other American universities left their urban origins . As a result , Reinert became a leader in the revitalization of the inner city of St. Louis and the promotion of St. Louis higher education . His 1958 appointment to the Missouri Governor 's Committee of Education beyond High School eventually led to the formation of the St. Louis Junior College District in 1962 upon the recommendation of Dr. Ernest V. Hollis of the U.S. Department of Education and Edward B. Shils . He also was the member of other important state , federal and Catholic education committees that established policies that set the standard for education in his time . As a national leader in Catholic education , Reinert remained confident in the advantages that private Catholic colleges and universities offered to their communities . He sought to expand Saint Louis University 's campus and to create programs that would attract minority students to a historically white university . Under Reinert 's direction in 1967 , Saint Louis University became the first Catholic university to include lay member on its board of trustees . This reorganization initiated a trend that transformed Catholic higher education in America . In addition to this reorganization , he appointed lay professionals to high-ranking administrative positions in the university . Even though critics believed that Reinert 's decision conflicted with his position as a Jesuit and diluted the university 's Jesuit nature , Reinert and others believed that the changes both reaffirmed the Ignatian educational mission and broadened the university 's vision for the future . Moreover , his reorganization of the university demonstrated the increased status of the university and its dedication to serving the community . He continued to serve the community after his retirement as president in 1974 . Reinert 's publications include two books concerning the status of Catholic higher education , The Urban Catholic University ( 1970 ) and To Turn the Tide ( 1972 ) , and a history of the university since the war , Seasons of Change : Reflections on Half a Century of Saint Louis University , co-authored with Paul Shore ( 1996 ) . For his work , Reinert has been honored with a star on the St. Louis Walk of Fame .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7651c203911eaf9e16218b9fb5177b8a", "text": "Frank Lubin Frank John Lubin ( Pranas Jonas Lubinas January 7 , 1910 -- July 8 , 1999 ) was an Lithuanian American basketball player . Lubin was born on the east side of Los Angeles , California , to a family of Lithuanian immigrants and died in Glendale , California . A veteran with the United States Army Air Forces during World War II , Lubin was buried at Riverside National Cemetery in Riverside , California . His father Konstantinas Lubinas was from Vilkaviškis , while his mother Paulina Vasiliauskaitė was from Vabalninkas . When Lubin grew up to a height of 6 feet 6 1/2 inches at Lincoln High School , classmates encouraged him to try out for the basketball team . Gangly and uncoordinated , Lubin struggled to improve his game , but was eventually named to the All-City Second Team as a senior in 1927 . Playing for the UCLA Bruins from 1928 to 1931 , Lubin , a 6-foot 7-inch center , earned All-Pacific Coast Conference honors in his senior season . Following his college career , he worked as a stagehand at Twentieth Century Fox and joined the studio 's AAU team , which earned the right to represent the US as part of the first Olympic basketball tournament in 1936 in Berlin , winning the gold . During the Olympics , Lubin was invited to come to Lithuania and became their first national coach . They won the EuroBasket title in 1937 , using American-born players of Lithuanian heritage . When the team hosted the tournament in 1939 , they again won the title , this time with Lubin playing and coaching . Lubin undoubtedly was the MVP of EuroBasket 1939 , however he was unable to receive this award because he was taller than 1.90 meter , and FIBA had a rule which prohibited those awards for being given to players with such height . When World War II broke out in 1939 , Lubin was in Italy , coaching a Lithuanian women 's team . Given Nazi Germany was directly on the path back to Lithuania , Italian officials had to help the team to get back through train and boat , avoiding Germany . Afterwards , Lubin fled Lithuania to California with his family in the face of the upcoming Soviet invasion that happened one year later . Lubin continued to play for the Twentieth Century Fox team until 1955 , when knee problems prompted him to retire . For his contributions and for introducing the now basketball-mad country to the sport , Lubin is often called the `` grandfather of Lithuanian basketball '' . In 1997 , Lubin was inducted into the UCLA Hall of Fame . He was also inducted into the Helms Sports Hall of Fame .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a9ad2273c98aeb236bd0708ba59a09b", "text": "2014 College Football All-America Team The 2014 College Football All-America Team includes those players of American college football who have been honored by various selector organizations as the best players at their respective positions . The selector organizations award the `` All-America '' honor annually following the conclusion of the fall college football season . The original All-America team was the 1889 College Football All-America Team selected by Caspar Whitney and Walter Camp . In 1950 , the National Collegiate Athletic Bureau , which is the National Collegiate Athletic Association 's ( NCAA ) service bureau , compiled the first list of All-Americans including first-team selections on teams created for a national audience that received national circulation with the intent of recognizing selections made from viewpoints that were nationwide . Since 1957 , College Sports Information Directors of America ( CoSIDA ) has bestowed Academic All-American recognition on male and female athletes in Divisions I , II , and III of the NCAA as well as National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics athletes , covering all NCAA championship sports . The 2014 College Football All-America Team is composed of the following College Football All-American first teams chosen by the following selector organizations : Associated Press ( AP ) , Football Writers Association of America ( FWAA ) , American Football Coaches Association ( AFCA ) , Walter Camp Foundation ( WCFF ) , The Sporting News ( TSN ) , Sports Illustrated ( SI ) , USA Today ( USAT ) ESPN , CBS Sports ( CBS ) , College Football News ( CFN ) , Scout.com , and Yahoo! Sports ( Yahoo! ) . Currently , the NCAA compiles consensus all-America teams in the sports of Division I-FBS football and Division I men 's basketball using a point system computed from All-America teams named by coaches associations or media sources . The system consists of three points for a first-team honor , two points for second-team honor , and one point for third-team honor . Honorable mention and fourth team or lower recognitions are not accorded any points . Football consensus teams are compiled by position and the player accumulating the most points at each position is named first team consensus all-American . Currently , the NCAA recognizes All-Americans selected by the AP , AFCA , FWAA , TSN , and the WCFF to determine Consensus and Unanimous All-Americans . In 2014 , there were 12 unanimous All-Americans .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3177eca1439e311bcd8a29610427b51", "text": "Bemus Pierce Bemus Pierce ( 1873 -- 1957 ) was an American football player and coach . He played as a guard in the 1890s and 1900s . Pierce played college football for the Carlisle Indian School teams from 1894 to 1897 and played professional football for the championship teams from the Homestead Library & Athletic Club of 1900 and 1901 . He also played for the All-Syracuse team in 1902 , the first indoor professional football team . Pierce served as the head football coach at the University of Buffalo in 1899 , at the Carlisle Indian School in 1906 , and at Kenyon College from 1908 to 1910 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6321659ca9b4b50070419945d82adea", "text": "1969 College Football All-America Team The 1969 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations that chose College Football All-America Teams in 1969 . The NCAA recognizes six selectors as `` official '' for the 1969 season . They are ( 1 ) the American Football Coaches Association ( AFCA ) , ( 2 ) the Associated Press ( AP ) , ( 3 ) the Central Press Association ( CP ) , ( 4 ) the Football Writers Association of America ( FWAA ) , ( 5 ) the Newspaper Enterprise Association ( NEA ) , and ( 6 ) the United Press International ( UPI ) . Four of the six teams ( AP , UPI , NEA , and FWAA ) were selected by polling of sports writers and/or broadcasters . The Central Press team was selected with input from the captains of the major college teams . The AFCA team was based on a poll of coaches . Other notable selectors , though not recognized by the NCAA as official , included Football News , a national weekly football publication , Time magazine , The Sporting News ( TSN ) , and the Walter Camp Football Foundation ( WC ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8657370974dbf9e13b35adfac03cf470", "text": "1987 College Football All-America Team The 1987 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers that chose College Football All-America Teams in 1987 . The National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA ) recognizes five selectors as `` official '' for the 1987 season . They are : ( 1 ) the American Football Coaches Association ( AFCA ) ; ( 2 ) the Associated Press ( AP ) selected based on the votes of sports writers at AP newspapers ; ( 3 ) the Football Writers Association of America ( FWAA ) ; ( 4 ) the United Press International ( UPI ) selected based on the votes of sports writers at UPI newspapers ; and ( 5 ) the Walter Camp Football Foundation ( WC ) . Other notable selectors included Football News the Newspaper Enterprise Association ( NEA ) , Scripps Howard ( SH ) , and The Sporting News ( TSN ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "486f695fce12a64f543b702cdbd50e50", "text": "2000–01 Seattle SuperSonics season The 2000 -- 01 NBA season was the 33rd season for the Seattle SuperSonics in the National Basketball Association . With the hopes of improving the team in the middle , the Sonics acquired All-Star center Patrick Ewing from the New York Knicks during the offseason . However , the Sonics would get off to a slow start losing seven of their first ten games . Head coach Paul Westphal was fired after a 6 -- 9 start , and was replaced with former Sonics guard Nate McMillan . The Sonics played above .500 for the remainder of the season finishing fifth in the Pacific Division with a 44 -- 38 record , missing the playoffs by finishing tenth place in the Western Conference . During the All-Star Weekend in Washington , D.C. , Gary Payton was selected for the All-Star Game and rookie Desmond Mason won the Slam Dunk Contest . It was Ewing 's only season in a Sonics uniform as he left for the Orlando Magic the next season . Also following the season , Ruben Patterson signed as a free agent with the Portland Trail Blazers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40f41eaba234d0ebfe392abdddfdb4e6", "text": "1951 College Football All-America Team The 1951 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers that chose College Football All-America Teams in 1951 . The eight selectors recognized by the NCAA as `` official '' for the 1951 season are ( 1 ) the All-American Board ( AAB ) , ( 2 ) the American Football Coaches Association ( AFCA , ( 3 ) the Associated Press ( AP ) , ( 4 ) the Football Writers Association of America ( FWAA ) , ( 5 ) the International News Service ( INS ) , ( 6 ) the Newspaper Enterprise Association ( NEA ) , ( 7 ) the Sporting News and ( 8 ) the United Press ( UP ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06bffd6db9a353fea472f3341633d5b9", "text": "List of Wisconsin Badgers in the NFL Draft The University of Wisconsin -- Madison Badgers have drafted 289 players into the National Football League ( NFL ) since the league began holding drafts in 1936 . The Badgers ' highest draft position was second overall in 1944 , when Pat Harder was selected by Card-Pitt . Wisconsin 's first drafted player in the NFL was Eddie Jankowski , who was the 9th overall pick by the Green Bay Packers in 1937 . Three former Badgers were selected from the latest NFL draft : T. J. Watt , Ryan Ramczyk and Vince Biegel . Each NFL franchise seeks to add new players through the annual NFL Draft . The team with the worst record the previous year picks first , the next-worst team second , and so on . Teams that did not make the playoffs are ordered by their regular-season record , with any remaining ties broken by strength of schedule . Playoff participants are sequenced after non-playoff teams , based on their round of elimination ( wild card , division , conference , and Super Bowl ) . Before the AFL -- NFL merger agreements in 1966 , the American Football League ( AFL ) operated in direct competition with the NFL and held a separate draft . This led to a massive bidding war over top prospects between the two leagues . As part of the merger agreement on June 8 , 1966 , the two leagues would hold a multiple round `` Common Draft '' . Once the AFL officially merged with the NFL in 1970 , the `` Common Draft '' simply became the NFL Draft . This list includes players that have transferred to or from Wisconsin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f65fd2fde8d9f694a33013bd0a64e3cf", "text": "1978 College Football All-America Team The 1978 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers that chose College Football All-America Teams in 1978 . The National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA ) recognizes four selectors as `` official '' for the 1978 season . They are : ( 1 ) the American Football Coaches Association ( AFCA ) based on the input of more than 2,000 voting members ; ( 2 ) the Associated Press ( AP ) selected based on the votes of sports writers at AP newspapers ; ( 3 ) the Football Writers Association of America ( FWAA ) selected by the nation 's football writers ; and ( 4 ) the United Press International ( UPI ) selected based on the votes of sports writers at UPI newspapers . Other selectors included Football News ( FN ) , the Newspaper Enterprise Association ( NEA ) , The Sporting News ( TSN ) , and the Walter Camp Football Foundation ( WC ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3be29404c478b8b72b5d7206ed451fe3", "text": "Paul W. Beck Paul Ward Beck ( 1 December 18764 April 1922 ) was an officer in the United States Army , an aviation pioneer , and one of the first military pilots . Although a career Infantry officer , Beck twice was part of the first aviation services of the U.S. Army , as de facto head of the flying section of the Aeronautical Division , U.S. Signal Corps in 1911 and as a senior officer of the Air Service in 19201922 . He is generally credited as being the first military officer to advocate an air force for the United States separate from the control of other branches of the Army . The son of a cavalry officer , Beck developed an interest in aviation while detached to service with the U.S. Army Signal Corps at Benicia , California , in 19081910 , attending several air meets . He was one of four students in the first class of U.S. Army and U.S. Navy pilot trainees taught by Glen Curtiss beginning January 1911 , and commanded the `` provisional aero company '' at Fort Sam Houston , Texas . On 1 May 1912 , he returned to the Infantry in compliance with an army regulation . Following service as a field grade infantry officer in World War I , Beck returned to aviation as part of the Air Service in 1920 . He was assigned as commandant of the Air Service Observation School and assistant post commander of Post Field at Fort Sill , Oklahoma . He was killed by a gunshot to the head during an evening with friends . The shooting was a disputed mystery , with friends , colleagues , the county attorney and an Army investigating board suspecting that Beck was murdered for being caught in flagrante delicto with the wife of a friend , possibly with premeditation by an alreadysuspicious husband . However the shooter , a wellknown former judge on the Oklahoma Supreme Court , contended that the shooting was an accident during an act of selfdefense after Beck had allegedly tried to sexually assault the shooter 's wife in their home . The judge was exonerated by a coroner 's jury .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "871af06472362493c978394b231774d7", "text": "1973 NCAA Men's Basketball All-Americans The consensus 1973 College Basketball All-American team , as determined by aggregating the results of four major All-American teams . To earn `` consensus '' status , a player must win honors from a majority of the following teams : the Associated Press , the USBWA , The United Press International and the National Association of Basketball Coaches .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6809e0a76b23d24fb3f8a485c8df5fb3", "text": "1962 Big Ten Conference football season The 1962 Big Ten Conference football season was the 67th season of college football played by the member schools of the Big Ten Conference and was a part of the 1962 college football season . The 1962 Wisconsin Badgers football team , under head coach Milt Bruhn , compiled an 8 -- 2 record , won the Big Ten championship , led the conference in scoring offense ( 32.2 points per game ) , and was ranked No. 2 in the final AP Poll . After losing only one game in the regular season , the Badgers lost to USC in the 1963 Rose Bowl . Quarterback Ron Vander Kelen led the Big Ten with 1,582 passing yards and 1,839 total yards and won the Chicago Tribune Silver Football as the conference 's most valuable player . End Pat Richter led the conference with 694 receiving yards and was a consensus first-team All-American . The 1962 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team , under head coach Murray Warmath , compiled a 6 -- 2 -- 1 record , led the conference in scoring defense ( 6.8 points allowed per game ) , finished in second place in the Big Ten , and was ranked No. 10 in the final AP Poll . Tackle Bobby Bell was a consensus first-team All-American , won the Outland Trophy as college football 's best interior lineman , and finished third in the voting for the 1962 Heisman Trophy . The 1962 Northwestern Wildcats football team , under head coach Ara Parseghian , compiled a 7 -- 2 record and finished in third place in the conference . The Wildcats were ranked No. 1 in the AP Poll before losing consecutive games late in the season . They remained ranked No. 16 in the final Coaches ' Poll . Quarterback Tom Myers totaled 1,537 passing yards , and center Jack Cvercko was a consensus first-team All-American . The conference 's other statistical leaders included Michigan State fulllback George Saimes with 642 rushing yards and Wisconsin 's Lou Holland with 72 points scored .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b2ac07a5d1035ad2baf5ab441123f87", "text": "1931 College Football All-America Team The 1931 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers that chose College Football All-America Teams in 1931 . The seven selectors recognized by the NCAA as `` official '' for the 1931 season are ( 1 ) Collier 's Weekly , as selected by Grantland Rice , ( 2 ) the Associated Press , ( 3 ) the United Press , ( 4 ) the All-America Board , ( 5 ) the International News Service ( INS ) , ( 6 ) Liberty magazine , and ( 7 ) the Newspaper Enterprise Association ( NEA ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93569c6366613a8b5b88634ecae7523b", "text": "2001 All-Pro Team The 2001 All-Pro Team comprises the National Football League players that were named to the Associated Press , Pro Football Writers Association , and The Sporting News All-Pro Teams in 2001 . Both first and second teams are listed for the AP team . These are the three teams that are included in Total Football II : The Official Encyclopedia of the National Football League . In 2001 the Pro Football Writers Association and Pro Football Weekly combined their All-pro teams , a practice with continues through 2008 . In 2001 the AP did not have a separate `` fullback '' position . Also , in 2001 , the AP returned to choosing two inside linebackers , rather than one .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04e3a524eb0b2875f5a8ec117b301935", "text": "Palestra The Palestra , often called the Cathedral of College Basketball , is a historic arena and the home gym of the University of Pennsylvania Quakers men 's and women 's basketball teams , volleyball teams , wrestling team , and Philadelphia Big 5 basketball . Located at 235 South 33rd St. in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania on the campus of the University of Pennsylvania , near Franklin Field in the University City section of Philadelphia , it opened on January 1 , 1927 . The Palestra has been called `` the most important building in the history of college basketball '' and `` changed the entire history of the sport for which it was built . '' The arena originally seated about 10,000 , but now seats 8,725 for basketball . The Palestra is famed for its close-to-the-court seating with the bleachers ending at the floor with no barrier to separate the fans from the game . At the time of its construction , the Palestra was one of the world 's largest arenas . It was one of the first steel-and-concrete arenas in the United States and also one of the first to be constructed without interior pillars blocking the view . Since its inception , the Palestra has hosted more games , more visiting teams , and more NCAA tournaments than any other facility in college basketball .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "166d4a9498a62b03f490bc172085165d", "text": "Jim Rash James `` Jim '' Rash ( born July 15 , 1971 ) is an American actor , comedian , producer , screenwriter , and director . He is known for playing Dean Craig Pelton on the NBC/Yahoo ! sitcom Community . In 2012 , he received a Golden Globe nomination and won an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay for the film The Descendants .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "04cd090d6cb6936120be03f92ebf49e5", "text": "Jake and the Phatman Jake and the Phatman ( Glenn Standridge and Robert Ozuna ) are Grammy Award-winning , multi-platinum producers , songwriters , DJs and multi-instrumentalists . Both were born in the mid 1970s in the San Francisco Bay Area . Their early work included the Luniz , 3X Krazy , Keak da Sneak , Dawn Robinson ( Formally of En Vogue and Lucy Pearl ) and Dr. Dre . In 1997 they started work on what was to become the supergroup Lucy Pearl 's debut album , featuring Raphael Saadiq ( Tony ! Toni ! Toné ! ) , Dawn Robinson , and Ali Shaheed ( A Tribe Called Quest ) . It was during this time they developed their working relationship with Raphael Saadiq . After the success of the Lucy Pearl album Raphael Saadiq began to use them exclusively as his production partners . Their production work on Saadiq 's debut album Instant Vintage included pressing the vocals onto acetate and then `` scratching them into the tracks '' . As producers Jake and the Phatman have racked up a long list of credits including Dawn Robinson , Kelis , Mary J. Blige , TLC , Musiq Soulchild , Anthony Hamilton , Ginuwine , Dwele , Angie Stone , Common , and John Legend .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a40abc67ae81f75e66ebb254b857f9b6", "text": "James Goldstone James Goldstone ( born June 8 , 1931 in Los Angeles , California ; died November 5 , 1999 in Shaftsbury , Vermont ) was an American film and television director whose career spanned over thirty years . Goldstone was noted for the momentum and `` fifteen-minute cliffhangers '' that he brought to TV pilots such as Star Trek ( `` Where No Man Has Gone Before '' , 1966 ) , Ironside , and The Bold Ones : The Senator . His later career helped pioneer the concept of `` thirty-second attention span '' pacing over detailed content in his dramatizations of Rita Hayworth , Calamity Jane , and the Kent State shootings for which he won the Emmy . During his Hollywood career , he directed Paul Newman , Robert De Niro , Robert Shaw , James Garner , Richard Dreyfuss and Sidney Poitier and collaborated with composer and musician , Lalo Schifrin . He `` discovered '' Tiny Tim . In addition to his work in film and television , Goldstone was a longtime leader in the Director 's and Writers Guilds . In his later life , he taught both at Bennington College and in the masters program at Columbia University . During the 1990s he directed a number of theatrical productions in New England . He was also central in the establishment of National Public Radio presence in Vermont and was the moving force behind the creation of the Vermont Arts Council which named its award for new talent the James Goldstone Award . Goldstone was the son of Hollywood agent and early television producer , Jules Goldstone .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "51d27089426ba0c878f15d94ad7be7d9", "text": "Mark Brooks (director) Mark Brooks is an American producer , director , writer and musician .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0fa95d4f5b71c137b963617018d7ae77", "text": "Jim Fields James Wallace Fields is an American film director , producer , playwright and actor . Fields wrote , produced and directed the movies 416 , Saving The Indian Hills , Preserve Me A Seat , Plain Living and , most recently Bugeaters , currently in production . Prior to his film work , Fields wrote and directed the musical comedy Little Red and the play Scarlett Fever . Fields is a nationally known independent filmmaker who has championed issues of concern to the Midwest and of film lovers in general . He is the owner of the independent film production company Apartment 101 Films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "23678af8b979acd82d8ac7d7045116f9", "text": "Jim Jarmusch James Robert `` Jim '' Jarmusch ( -LSB- ˈdʒɑrməʃ -RSB- born January 22 , 1953 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , actor , producer , editor , and composer . He has been a major proponent of independent cinema since the 1980s , directing such films as Stranger Than Paradise ( 1984 ) , Down by Law ( 1986 ) , Mystery Train ( 1989 ) , Dead Man ( 1995 ) , Ghost Dog : The Way of the Samurai ( 1999 ) , Coffee and Cigarettes ( 2003 ) , Broken Flowers ( 2005 ) , Only Lovers Left Alive ( 2013 ) , and Paterson ( 2016 ) . Stranger Than Paradise was added to the National Film Registry in December 2002 . As a musician , Jarmusch has composed music for his films and released two albums with Jozef van Wissem .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4265e5da30645419f40b741cafc64fcd", "text": "Curtis Richa Curtis Richa ( born Curtis Richardson ; November 6 , 1972 ) is an American songwriter , producer and A&R . He is the CEO of his own company Richamusikk and is also signed to Metronumm Musikk Publishing . He is one of the founding members of the production team The Conglomerate ( aka The Conglomm ) . In total , Curtis Richa is responsible for having written and/or produced albums that have sold in the excess of 28 million records worldwide . He has worked with Jennifer Lopez , Rihanna , Joss Stone , LL Cool J , Deborah Cox , Craig David and Jo Dee Messina . Richa has also worked with foreign superstars such as Kumi Koda , Tohoshinki , Agnes Carlsson , Naime Amuro , Christopher , Rainie Yang , Fady Malouf and Darin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1bc719ac5a8aae73c34ea45881dba13f", "text": "Richie Rome Richie Rome , born Richard V. Di Cicco in Philadelphia , was a prominent American producer , arranger and orchestra conductor during the 1970s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8b1f1aa8b2d564970410320e8c003bd", "text": "James Hoover James Hoover ( February 28 , 1971 in Morgantown , West Virginia ) is a Grammy Award-winning freelance audio engineer who has worked with performers such as Beyoncé , ZZ Top , Chamillionaire , and many others . Working out of his home base in Houston , Texas , for the past 20 years , James has collaborated with artists , producers , and musicians from around the world . As a child , James was fascinated by music , learning the piano at age ten . James would often entertain mall patrons when he would play the piano at the resident music store . His talent and affinity for music would continue into high school where he was a member of the marching band , concert band , and jazz studio orchestra . During this time he also taught himself how to play the bass and guitar , adding to his repertoire of piano , synthesizer , trumpet , French horn , and flugelhorn . Over the years , James has been a player in multiple bands , ranging in styles from rock to pop to jazz to metal . James received his Audio Engineering degree from HCCS and graduated with honors in 1991 . While in college , he began working as a house engineer for Digital Services Recording Studios , a pioneer in the digital audio world and the birthplace of recordings such as : Destiny 's Child 's `` Survivor , '' and Chamillionaire 's `` Ridin ' . '' Shortly after joining the Digital Services team , he became the head engineer , working for countless clients in every genre of music , film , and spoken word , in both live and studio environments . Currently , James is a self-employed freelance engineer specializing in mixing , mastering and recording .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34e56309ea46b92b141c33bc4c746b01", "text": "Robert Singer (producer) Robert Singer is an American television producer , director and writer . He is best known for his work on Supernatural where he serves as an executive producer , director and occasional writer . The character Bobby Singer was named after him . A fictionalized version of Singer appears in the season 6 episode The French Mistake played by Brian Doyle-Murray . Singer also created the series Reasonable Doubts and has worked as a producer and director on various television series , including Lois & Clark : The New Adventures of Superman . He also served as a producer for the film Cujo", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b01fa11e9284fd4127308ea84592a3b", "text": "Jim Selman James C. `` Jim '' Selman ( born February 7 , 1942 ) is an American consultant , coach , and author . Born in Oklahoma City , Selman received his B.A. from the University of Oklahoma in 1965 , where he majored in social psychology and philosophy . Selman is described as being `` in the forefront in helping major companies embrace the concept '' of `` contextual management '' . He formed Selman & Associates in 1976 , and `` began research into the nature of culture and large-scale systems change '' . In 1984 , he partnered with Werner Erhard to form Transformational Technologies , a consulting and training franchise operation , which served as the corporate division of Werner Erhard & Associates , with Selman as its first president . In his capacity there , he was noted to have said of his philosophy of management , `` when we talk management technology , what we are talking about is a rigorously tested and challenged body of distinction for having access to whatever the phenomenon of management really is '' . In October 1987 , Selman moderated a televised broadcast that featured Werner Erhard in discussion with top sports coaches John Wooden , Red Auerbach , Timothy Gallwey and George Allen discussing principles of coaching across all disciplines . They sought to identify distinctions found in coaching , regardless of the subject being coached . In 1989 , with the late Professor Roger Evered ( U.S. Naval Graduate School at Monterrey ) , Selman documented the outcome in the first article on organizational coaching , titled `` Coaching and the Art of Management '' . In another article , `` Leadership and Innovation : Relating to Circumstances and Change '' , Selman identifies six ways of responding to change . Selman was described as `` an enormously powerful man with a deep voice and a way of speaking that held people 's attention and inspired confidence '' . Selman & Associates became Paracomm Partners International in 1988 , which is active to present date . Jim Selman is the host and co-producer with Phyllis Haynes of the podcast and web program Possible Futures , conversations and commentary to explore ideas and decision making and their relationship to possible futures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d2245d2a5772857365d3266673bb222", "text": "Line producer A line producer is a type of film producer who is the key manager during daily operations of a feature film , television film , or an episode of a TV program . A line producer works on one film at a time . They are responsible for human resources and handling any problems that come up during production .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cc8b0c8e5d5d442a3d68ede5149fc04f", "text": "Matt Wallace Matt Wallace is an American record producer . He is a graduate of the University of California at Berkeley , and has been producing professionally since the early 1980s . He is best known for his work with Faith No More , Maroon 5 , O.A.R. , The Replacements , and Train . Wallace has produced most of Faith No More 's most iconic recordings , including We Care a Lot , their debut album on Mordam Records . He produced and mixed their breakthrough album , The Real Thing , which featured the hit song , `` Epic . '' He produced Angel Dust , named the # 1 most influential album of all time by Kerrang ! . In 2015 , he joined the band again to co-mix their album , Sol Invictus . The album debuted at number 1 on the Billboard Hard Rock Album chart . He produced albums for The Replacements ( Do n't Tell A Soul ) , Paul Westerberg ( 14 Songs ) and John Hiatt ( Perfectly Good Guitar ) . He co-produced the debut Juno-nominated album for Canadian singer-songwriter Chantal Kreviazuk . The album was certified double platinum in Canada . Wallace produced and mixed Songs About Jane , the debut album for Maroon 5 , including the Top 40 hit singles `` Harder To Breathe , '' `` This Love , '' `` Sunday Morning , '' and `` She Will Be Loved . '' The album has sold over 10 million copies worldwide , and won a Grammy Award for `` Best New Artist '' in 2005 . Since then , Wallace has co-written songs and produced two albums for O.A.R. . He has also co-written and produced several songs for Andy Grammer , an album for Pepper , and mixed Blackberry Smoke 's album The Whippoorwill .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e384bdc20424ccfa353ba74f69e46e08", "text": "Alex Graves Alexander John `` Alex '' Graves ( born July 23 , 1965 ) is an American film director , television director , television producer and screenwriter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dbee068683584098a122f9c0fac4f4ce", "text": "So Hot Productions So Hot Productions is a music production company located in St. Louis , Mo. , currently consisting of artist/producer J.R. but employed former producer/recording engineer NAB . It is rumoured that a third producer is also joining the crew . Their style is versatile , ranging from chopped and screwed dirty south beats to symphonic slow jams , but most of their music has a distinct midwest feel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e97c26ad093f65037394e694c4f5864a", "text": "Sam Raimi Samuel M `` Sam '' Raimi ( -LSB- ˈreɪmi -RSB- born October 23 , 1959 ) is an American film director , producer , screenwriter and actor , famous for creating the cult horror Evil Dead series , as well as directing the original Spider-Man trilogy ( 2002 -- 07 ) and the 1990 superhero film Darkman . His most recent work is the 2013 Disney fantasy film Oz the Great and Powerful . Raimi has also produced several successful television series and founded his own production company , Renaissance Pictures , in 1979 . Recently , he worked as the producer of The Possession , and the 2013 remake of Evil Dead .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6f6ab69992743c8b22a174d96ebc60f", "text": "Jim Koch C. James `` Jim '' Koch ( pronounced -LSB- kʊk -RSB- , `` cook '' ; born May 27 , 1949 ) is an American entrepreneur , the co-founder and chairman of the Boston Beer Company , the producers of Samuel Adams beer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "29eaff47c8c3619f50e5f15591e73562", "text": "Jim Koplik Jim Koplik is an American concert promoter who has produced shows by The Rolling Stones , Paul McCartney , Bruce Springsteen , REO Speedwagon , Madonna , Billy Joel and Elton John , among others . A resident of Stamford , Connecticut , Koplik works through Jim Koplik Presents , his Wallingford , Connecticut-based company . He owns the Comcast Theater in Hartford , Connecticut . Born in New Rochelle , New York , Koplik launched his career in the late 1960s when he was a student at Ohio State University and promoted a show for the band Steppenwolf . Before that he had worked at Ohio State on the 1968 presidential campaign of Robert F. Kennedy . In 1981 Koplik moved from Westchester County , New York to Stamford . Jim Koplik Presents produces 150 concerts a year , many for the Toyota Presents Oakdale Theatre in Wallingford , the Comcast Theater and for the Mohegan Sun Casino in Uncasville . Koplik is a board member of Connecticut Special Olympics , the National Kidney Foundation of Connecticut , the Multiple Sclerosis Society of Connecticut and the Jewish Community Center of Stamford . He is a former member of the boards of the Connecticut Children 's Medical Center , Riverfront Recapture and the Connecticut Commission on the Arts . Jim Koplik ( along with Shelly Finkel ) were co-promoters of the `` Summer Jam at Watkins Glen '' ( rock concert in Watkins Glen ) in New York in July 1973 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d76c35b5733337e7e19feb39f8169fe8", "text": "Jay E Jason Lee `` Jay E '' Epperson is a St. Louis-born record producer and DJ . Jay E rose to fame as the main producer of rapper Nelly 's multi-platinum 2000 album Country Grammar which has sold more than 10 million copies worldwide . Jay E 's DJ experience started at a local St. Louis roller skating rink where he met future St. Lunatics member Ali . It was Ali who introduced Jay E to the St. Lunatics , which eventually led to Jay E producing St. Lunatic 's member Nelly 's first solo album Country Grammar . The December 2000 issue of Billboard magazine listed Jay E as number 16 of the Top 100 Producers and number 19 of the Top 100 R&B / Hip-Hop Producers of 2000 . On June 7 , 2001 , Jay E was presented with two awards from ASCAP for co-writing Nelly 's single `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' . Jay E has gone on to work with artists such as Joss Stone , Murphy Lee , Three 6 Mafia and Dirt Nasty Sux . Currently , Jay E splits his time between studio production and live DJ sets at various St. Louis and Hollywood clubs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "92fb1921edd49c8d8a717c20fe0b9695", "text": "Jim Michaels Jim Michaels ( born September 12 , 1965 in Chicago , Illinois ) is an American television producer . He is the son of Anna Mae and Robert Michaels and was raised in the suburbs of Des Plaines and Arlington Heights . Michaels graduated from John Hersey High School in Arlington Heights , Illinois and attended the University of Evansville and graduated with a degree in Business . Michaels ran the in house computer graphics department at a studio at MCA/Universal . Michaels then moved into television production , eventually producing the NBC series Midnight Caller for NBC and Reasonable Doubts . Michaels other series included ; Charlie Grace for ABC ; The Guardian and dr. Vegas for CBS ; Odyssey 5 ; for Showtime ; and Lois & Clark : The New Adventures of Superman . Michaels is a member of the Producer 's Guild of America , Directors Guild of America , Screen Actors Guild , The Academy of Television Arts & Sciences , American Film Institute and has guest lectered at the Academy of Art , UCLA and NYU . Michaels worked with Ali LeRoi and Chris Rock producing the television series Everybody Hates Chris for four seasons and has now joined the production team at Supernatural for the 2009 -- 2017 seasons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d0aca6db7ca7fad88b47bbf157f6f7a", "text": "Jim Beanz James David Washington ( born August 26 , 1980 ) , better known under his stage name Jim BEANZ , is an American vocal producer , songwriter , musician , singer and record producer from Harrisburg , Pennsylvania , now working out of Philadelphia , signed to Timbaland Productions and Sunset Entertainment Group . He got his start working under the tutelage of Jazz from the hit R&B group , Dru Hill , when he was an artist in the R&B group `` Tresan '' . In 2005 , Beanz started working alongside Timbaland as a vocal producer and more recently , as a song producer . He co-wrote the winning entry of the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 , `` Believe '' by Dima Bilan . Jim Beanz also wrote and produced songs on the first season of the mega hit television series on FOX called Empire , and portrayed the rapper `` Titan '' on the show .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "936e15e1e60376870eaa680e21e48920", "text": "Richard III of England Richard III ( 2 October 1452 -- 22 August 1485 ) was King of England from 1483 until his death in 1485 , at the age of 32 , in the Battle of Bosworth Field . He was the last king of the House of York and the last of the Plantagenet dynasty . His defeat at Bosworth Field , the last decisive battle of the Wars of the Roses , marked the end of the Middle Ages in England . He is the subject of the historical play Richard III by William Shakespeare . When his brother King Edward IV died in April 1483 , Richard was named Lord Protector of the realm for Edward 's son and successor , the 12-year-old Edward V . As the young king travelled to London from Ludlow , Richard met and escorted him to lodgings in the Tower of London , where Edward V 's own brother Richard of Shrewsbury joined him shortly afterwards . Arrangements were made for Edward 's coronation on 22 June 1483 ; but , before the young king could be crowned , his father 's marriage to his mother Elizabeth Woodville was declared invalid , making their children illegitimate and ineligible for the throne . On 25 June , an assembly of Lords and commoners endorsed the claims . The following day , Richard III began his reign , and he was crowned on 6 July 1483 . The young princes were not seen in public after August , and accusations circulated that the boys had been murdered on Richard 's orders , giving rise to the legend of the Princes in the Tower . There were two major rebellions against Richard . The first , in October 1483 , was led by staunch allies of Edward IV and Richard 's former ally , Henry Stafford , 2nd Duke of Buckingham ; but the revolt collapsed . In August 1485 , Henry Tudor and his uncle , Jasper Tudor , led a second rebellion . Henry Tudor landed in southern Wales with a small contingent of French troops and marched through his birthplace , Pembrokeshire , recruiting soldiers . Henry 's force engaged Richard 's army and defeated it at the Battle of Bosworth Field in Leicestershire . Richard was struck down in the conflict , making him the last English king to die in battle on home soil and the first since Harold Godwinson ( who was killed at the Battle of Hastings in 1066 ) . Henry then ascended the throne as Henry VII . After the battle Richard 's corpse was taken to Leicester and buried without pomp . His original tomb monument is believed to have been removed during the Reformation , and his remains were lost for more than five centuries , believed to have been thrown into the River Soar . In 2012 , an archaeological excavation was commissioned by the Richard III Society on a city council car park on the site once occupied by Greyfriars Priory Church . The University of Leicester identified the skeleton found in the excavation as that of Richard III as a result of radiocarbon dating , comparison with contemporary reports of his appearance , and comparison of his mitochondrial DNA with that of two matrilineal descendants of Richard III 's eldest sister , Anne of York . Richard 's remains were reburied in Leicester Cathedral on 26 March 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "006c59a51bf3ba302d99d964f80862a7", "text": "Lord Protector Lord Protector ( pl . Lords Protector ) is a title that has been used in British constitutional law for head of state . It is also a particular title for the British heads of state in respect to the established church . It is sometimes used to refer to holders of other temporary posts , for example , a regent acting for the absent monarch .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c92e2aa20923dcd87fe52d51ce4c66fc", "text": "Duke of Bedford Duke of Bedford ( named after Bedford , England ) is a title that has been created six times ( for five distinct people ) in the Peerage of England . The first and second creations came in 1414 in favour of Henry IV 's third son , John , who later served as regent of France . He was made Earl of Kendal at the same time and was made Earl of Richmond later the same year . The titles became extinct on his death in 1435 . The third creation came in 1470 in favour of George Neville , nephew of Warwick the Kingmaker . He was deprived of the title by Act of Parliament in 1478 . The fourth creation came 1478 in favour of George , the third son of Edward IV . He died the following year at the age of two . The fifth creation came in 1485 in favour of Jasper Tudor , half-brother of Henry VI and uncle of Henry VII . He had already been created Earl of Pembroke in 1452 . However , as he was a Lancastrian , his title was forfeited between 1461 and 1485 during the predominance of the House of York . He regained the earldom in 1485 when his nephew Henry VII came to the throne and was elevated to the dukedom the same year . He had no legitimate children and the titles became extinct on his death in 1495 . The Russell family currently holds the titles of Earl and Duke of Bedford . John Russell , a close advisor of Henry VIII and Edward VI , was granted the title of Earl of Bedford in 1551 , and his descendant William , 5th Earl , was created Duke following the Glorious Revolution . The subsidiary titles of the Duke of Bedford , all in the Peerage of England , are Marquess of Tavistock ( created 1694 ) , Earl of Bedford ( 1550 ) , Baron Russell , of Cheneys ( 1539 ) , Baron Russell of Thornhaugh in the County of Northampton ( 1603 ) , and Baron Howland , of Streatham in the County of Surrey ( 1695 ) ( and possibly the Barony of Bedford , which was merged into it in 1138 , 1366 or 1414 ) . The courtesy title of the Duke of Bedford 's eldest son and heir is Marquess of Tavistock '' . Every Duke from the 5th Duke onwards is descended from Charles II of England . The family seat is Woburn Abbey , Bedfordshire . The private mausoleum and chapel of the Russell Family and the Dukes of Bedford is at St. Michael 's Church in Chenies , Buckinghamshire ( photo ) . The family owns The Bedford Estate in central London .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "854d3456c113f0998d28d2f5fa59363c", "text": "First English Civil War The First English Civil War ( 1642 -- 1646 ) began the series of three wars known as the English Civil War ( or `` Wars '' ) . `` The English Civil War '' was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations that took place between Parliamentarians and Royalists from 1642 until 1651 , and includes the Second English Civil War ( 1648 -- 1649 ) and the Third English Civil War ( 1649 -- 1651 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "203f22611ba69d2cb71daeaab69336ef", "text": "Thomas de Beaumont, 6th Earl of Warwick Thomas de Beaumont , 6th Earl of Warwick ( 1208 -- 26 June 1242 ) , Earl of Warwick , Baron of Hocknorton ( Hook Norton ) and Hedenton , was the son of Henry de Beaumont , 5th Earl of Warwick and Margaret D'Oili . He was also known as Thomas de Henry . Although he had attained his majority at the death of his father , he did not get full possession of the earldom until four years later , when he was girt with the Sword of Knighthood ; this took place at Gloucester where the King was spending Whitsuntide . He inherited his uncle 's ( Henry D'Oili ) Oxfordshire estate and owned the Manor of Bewdley , Worcester and rendered service for it , of a fully equipped archer for twenty days , as often as there was war against the Welsh . In 1241 , he paid one hundred and eighty marks scutage in order that he might be excused attendance on the King in the expedition to Gascony . This was in excess of the sum due from him ; the following year he paid a further one hundred and twenty marks . At the coronation of Eleanor of Provence , the Queen Consort of Henry III , on the 26 June 1236 he bore the third Sword of State , claiming that it was his hereditary right to do so . He married Ela Longespee , daughter of William Longespée , 3rd Earl of Salisbury , natural son to Henry II . Amongst Ela 's benefactions were grants to the monks at Reading , Berkshire , the Canons of Osney , Oxfordshire , St Sepulchre 's , Warwick , the grey friars in London , and the Nuns of Godstow , Oxford . In 1295 , she gave land to the University of Oxford , from which a certain amount of the income was to be paid to the fellows of Merton College that they might perform masses for her soul .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3cd21922b8130b04ca28289fe232c44", "text": "Old English literature Old English literature or Anglo-Saxon literature , encompasses literature written in Old English , in Anglo-Saxon England from the 7th century to the decades after the Norman Conquest of 1066 . `` Cædmon 's Hymn '' , composed in the 7th century , according to Bede , is often considered the oldest extant poem in English , whereas the later poem , The Grave is one of the final poems written in Old English , and presents a transitional text between Old and Middle English . The Peterborough Chronicle can also be considered a late-period text , continuing into the 12th century . The poem Beowulf , which often begins the traditional canon of English literature , is the most famous work of Old English literature . The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle has also proven significant for historical study , preserving a chronology of early English history . In descending order of quantity , Old English literature consists of : sermons and saints ' lives ; biblical translations ; translated Latin works of the early Church Fathers ; Anglo-Saxon chronicles and narrative history works ; laws , wills and other legal works ; practical works on grammar , medicine , geography ; and poetry . In all there are over 400 surviving manuscripts from the period , of which about 189 are considered `` major '' . Besides Old English literature , Anglo-Saxons wrote a number of Anglo-Latin works .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea9374c929544bec41cbeeae5031b854", "text": "William de Ufford, 2nd Earl of Suffolk William de Ufford , 2nd Earl of Suffolk ( 30 May 1338 -- 15 February 1382 ) was an English nobleman in the reigns of Edward III and Richard II . He was the son of Robert de Ufford , who was created Earl of Suffolk by Edward III in 1337 . William had three older brothers who all predeceased him , and in 1369 he succeeded his father . In the 1370s , he participated in several campaigns of the Hundred Years ' War , but this period was not a successful one for England . Suffolk was closely connected to Thomas Beauchamp , Earl of Warwick and John of Gaunt , Duke of Lancaster , and his conciliatory skills were highly valued in national politics . He helped arbitrate in the conflict between Gaunt and the parliamentary Commons during the Good Parliament . In 1381 , Suffolk took part in suppressing the Peasants ' Revolt in East Anglia , after narrowly escaping the rebels himself . He died suddenly in 1382 while attending parliament , and since he had no surviving children , his title became extinct and his property was dispersed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a72c3f5bf47b4e8f0aa731478fdf7f2", "text": "Robin of Redesdale Robin of Redesdale , sometimes called `` Robin Mend-All '' , was the leader of an insurrection against King Edward IV of England . His true identity is unknown , but it is thought he could have been either Sir John Conyers of Hornby ( d. 1490 ) or his brother Sir William Conyers of Marske ( d. 1469 ) , or even both . Whoever he was , the power behind his rebellion was Richard Neville , 16th Earl of Warwick ( `` Warwick the Kingmaker '' ) . During April 1469 , the rebellion was raised in the north of England . The rebels were defeated in April by John Neville , Earl of Northumberland , but further troops were raised and the rebels openly denounced the government of Edward IV , demanding that he remove his wife 's family , the Woodvilles , from positions of power . On 26 July , the rebel army met and defeated Edward 's army ( commanded by William Herbert , Earl of Pembroke ) at the Battle of Edgecote Moor . Although they were victorious , Robin himself was reported to have died in the battle , hence his identification with William Conyers who was killed at Edgecote . However , his mantle was temporarily assumed by someone else , apparently Sir John Conyers , when Warwick raised a further rebellion early in 1470 . This second `` Robin of Redesdale '' submitted to Edward IV in March 1470 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "13643c1214cc01c4799304ca9f35bdec", "text": "List of monarchs of Kent This is a list of the kings of the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Kent . The regnal dates for the earlier kings are known only from Bede , who piously expunged apostates ( Unde cunctis placuit regum tempora computantibus , ut ablata de medio regum perfidorum memoria , idem annus sequentis regis ) , and seems also to have deliberately suppressed details of short or joint reigns in order to produce an orderly sequence ( he had no place for Æðelwald or Eormenred ) . Generally more than one king ruled in Kent . Some kings are known mainly from charters , of which several are forgeries , while others have been subjected to tampering in order to reconcile them with the erroneous king lists of chroniclers , baffled by blanks , and confused by concurrent reigns and kings with similar or identical names . It is commonplace for the later kings to be referred to as subkings , but the actual rank used is always rex , never regulus ( except for a late legend concerning Eormenred ) . The usual style was simply King of Kent ( rex Cantiae ) or King of the Kentish Men ( rex Cantuariorum ) . Territorial division within Kent is not alluded to , except by Eadberht I ( rex Cantuariorum terram dimidii ) and Sigered ( rex dimidie partis prouincie Cantuariorum ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33472e415e0ea5b1ed960408df64d206", "text": "List of Ordinances and Acts of the Parliament of England, 1642–60 This is a list of Ordinances and Acts of the Parliament of England from 1642 to 1660 , during the English Civil War and the Interregnum . As King Charles I of England would not assent to Bills from a Parliament at war with him , decrees of Parliament before the Third English Civil War were styled ordinances . The Rump Parliament reverted to using the term `` Act '' on 6 January 1649 when it passed the Act erecting a High Court of Justice for the trial of the King ( when any possibility of reconciliation between King and Parliament was over ) . All but one subsequent decree were termed Acts through to the end of the interregnum . All of these Ordinances and Acts were considered void after the English Restoration due to their lack of Royal Assent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a3cb08ed3a1d31195a663e6669c3b18", "text": "Mayor of Gloucester The Mayor of Gloucester is the first citizen of the City of Gloucester , England , and acts as Chair of the Council . The Mayor represents the Council and the City at civic , ceremonial and community events both inside the City boundaries and elsewhere . The first recorded mayor of Gloucester was Richard the Burgess , who derived his authority from a royal order in 1228 . No further use of the title is recorded until the Letters Patent of Richard III in October 1483 , whereby the burgesses of Gloucester were given the right to elect their first mayor . The first mayor to be so elected was John Trye .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c28f24e2df7d4937cd0531f046cbea7", "text": "Elen ferch Llywelyn (the Elder) Elen ferch Llywelyn ( c. 1218 -- 1253 ) was the daughter of Llywelyn the Great of Gwynedd in North Wales by Joan , Lady of Wales , the natural daughter of King John of England . Elen married John of Scotland , 9th Earl of Huntingdon , in about 1222 . He died aged thirty in 1237 , and she was forced by King Henry III to marry Sir Robert de Quincy . Their daughter , Hawise , married Baldwin Wake , Lord Wake of Liddell . Hawise and Baldwin 's granddaughter , Margaret Wake , was the mother of Joan of Kent . Joan of Kent was the wife of Edward , the Black Prince and the mother of Richard II of England , who was deposed and died without heirs . The blood of Llywelyn the Great eventually came into the English royal family through Joan of Kent 's earlier marriage to Thomas Holland , 1st Earl of Kent . By their eldest son , Thomas Holland , 2nd Earl of Kent , two of his six daughters were ancestresses ; Margaret Holland who was the mother of John Beaufort , 1st Duke of Somerset ; John Beaufort was the grandfather of Henry VII . Alianore Holland was the grandmother of Richard Plantagenet , 3rd Duke of York . Richard was the father of Edward IV and Richard III and a grandfather of Elizabeth of York , queen to Henry VII . By Thomas , 2nd Earl of Kent 's other daughter , Eleanor Holland , Countess of Salisbury , Elen ferch Llywelyn was an ancestress of Queen consorts Anne Neville , consort of Richard III and daughter of Warwick , the Kingmaker , as well as Catherine Parr , the last wife of Henry VIII .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "732bd731c698a975d3c1beb6b2bb7e17", "text": "Crown Estate The Crown Estate is a collection of lands and holdings in the United Kingdom belonging to the British monarch as a corporation sole , making it the `` Sovereign 's public estate '' , which is neither government property nor part of the monarch 's private estate . As a result of this arrangement , the sovereign is not involved with the management or administration of the estate , exercising only very limited control of its affairs . Instead , the estate 's extensive portfolio is overseen by a semi-independent , incorporated public body headed by the Crown Estate Commissioners , who exercise `` the powers of ownership '' of the estate , although they are not `` owners in their own right '' . The revenues from these hereditary possessions have been placed by the monarch at the disposition of Her Majesty 's Government and thus proceed directly to Her Majesty 's Treasury for the benefit of the British nation . The Crown Estate is formally accountable to the Parliament of the United Kingdom , where it is legally mandated to make an annual report to the sovereign , a copy of which is forwarded to the House of Commons . The Crown Estate is one of the largest property managers in the United Kingdom , overseeing property worth # 12 billion , with urban properties valued at # 9.1 billion representing the majority of the estate by value . These include a large number of properties in central London , but the estate also controls 792000 ha of agricultural land and forest , more than half of the UK 's foreshore , and retains various other traditional holdings and rights , including Ascot Racecourse and Windsor Great Park . Naturally occurring gold and silver in the UK , collectively known as `` Mines Royal '' , are managed by The Crown Estate and leased to mining operators . Historically , Crown Estate properties were administered by the reigning monarch to help fund the business of governing the country . However , in 1760 , George III surrendered control over the Estate 's revenues to the treasury , thus relieving him of the responsibility of personally paying for the costs of the civil service , defence costs , the national debt , and his own personal debts . In return , he received an annual grant known as the Civil list . By tradition , each subsequent monarch agreed to this arrangement upon his or her accession . However , from 1 April 2012 , under the terms of the Sovereign Grant Act 2011 ( SSG ) , the Civil List was abolished and the monarch was thenceforth provided with a stable source of revenue indexed to a percentage of the Crown Estate 's annual net revenue ( currently set at 15 % ) . This was intended to provide a long-term solution and remove the politically sensitive issue of Parliament having to debate the Civil List allowance every ten years . Subsequently , the Sovereign Grant Act allows for all future monarchs to simply extend these provisions for their reigns by Order in Council . The act does not imply any legal change on the nature of the estate 's ownership , but is simply a benchmark by which the sovereign grant is set as a grant by Parliament .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84d14ef237ec3c21f5d80ee64394fe88", "text": "Rosemary Horrox Rosemary Elizabeth Horrox ( born 21 May 1951 ) is an English historian , specialising in the political culture of late medieval England , patronage and society . She is a Fellow of Fitzwilliam College at the University of Cambridge , and a Director of Studies in the history department . She received her BA , MA and PhD from Cambridge , the latter being a study of royal patronage under King Richard III of England . She studied for this at Newnham College under the supervision of G.L. Harriss , whose suggestion it had been , and it was awarded in March 1977 . More recently , her interests have expanded into the relationship between local - and central government , the Black Death , medieval female authority , and queenship . As well as lecturing full-time at Cambridge , she also lectures privately and for High Schools , and campaigned against the dissolution of the AS Level in 2013 . During the 2012-15 controversy surrounding the burial place of the recently discovered bones of Richard III , she supported the claim of York to be the most fitting final resting place for the last Plantaganet king , saying that the dead king 's `` self-identification with the North is reflected in his plans for a chantry of 100 priests in York Minster , where he surely hoped to be buried . '' She is a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society and General Editor of the Cambridgeshire Records Society . and is a general editor for the The Parliament Rolls of Medieval England ( PROME ) project , which transcribed , translated , and published digitally and in print , the Rolls of Parliament .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aefb22616cb09d04cc9f9e849071e58b", "text": "Second Cornish uprising of 1497 The Second Cornish uprising is the name given to the Cornish uprising of September 1497 when the pretender to the throne Perkin Warbeck landed at Whitesand Bay , near Land 's End , on 7 September with just 120 men in two ships . Warbeck had seen the potential of the Cornish unrest in the 1st Cornish Rebellion of 1497 even though the Cornish had been defeated at the Battle of Blackheath on 17 June 1497 . Warbeck proclaimed that he would put a stop to extortionate taxes levied to help fight a war against Scotland and was warmly welcomed in Cornwall . His wife , Lady Catharine , was left in the safety of St Michael 's Mount and when he decided to attack Exeter his supporters declared him ` Richard IV ' on Bodmin Moor . Most of the Cornish gentry supported Warbeck 's cause after their setback previously in June of that year and on 17 September a Cornish army some 6,000 strong entered Exeter , where the walls were badly damaged , before advancing on Taunton . Henry VII sent his chief general , Giles , Lord Daubeney , to attack the Cornish and when Warbeck heard that the King 's scouts were at Glastonbury he panicked and deserted his army . Warbeck was captured at Beaulieu Abbey in Hampshire , where he surrendered . Henry VII reached Taunton on 4 October 1497 , where he received the surrender of the remaining Cornish army . The ringleaders were executed and others fined an enormous total of # 13,000 . ` King Richard ' was imprisoned , first , at Taunton , then in London , where he was ` paraded through the streets on horseback amid much hooting and derision of the citizens ' . On 23 November 1499 Warbeck was drawn on a hurdle from the Tower to Tyburn , London , where he read out a ` confession ' and was hanged .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68565af946b0b8279ccc7d77f2e5f794", "text": "Monarchy A monarchy is a form of government in which a group , usually a family called the dynasty , embodies the country 's national identity and one of its members , called the monarch , exercises a role of sovereignty . The actual power of the monarch may vary from purely symbolic ( crowned republic ) , to partial and restricted ( constitutional monarchy ) , to completely autocratic ( absolute monarchy ) . Traditionally and in most cases , the monarch 's post is inherited and lasts until death or abdication , but there are also elective monarchies where the monarch is elected . Each of these has variations : in some elected monarchies only those of certain pedigrees are , whereas many hereditary monarchies impose requirements regarding the religion , age , gender , mental capacity , etc. . Occasionally this might create a situation of rival claimants whose legitimacy is subject to effective election . Finally , there have been cases where the term of a monarch 's reign is either fixed in years or continues until certain goals are achieved : an invasion being repulsed , for instance . Thus there are widely divergent structures and traditions defining monarchy . Monarchy was the most common form of government until the 19th century , but it is no longer prevalent . Where it exists , it is now usually a constitutional monarchy , in which the monarch retains a unique legal and ceremonial role , but exercises limited or no official political power : under the written or unwritten constitution , others have governing authority . Currently , 47 sovereign nations in the world have monarchs acting as heads of state , 19 of which are Commonwealth realms that recognise Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state . All European monarchies are constitutional ones , with the exception of the Vatican City which is an elective monarchy , but sovereigns in the smaller states exercise greater political influence than in the larger . The monarchs of Cambodia , Japan , and Malaysia `` reign , but do not rule '' although there is considerable variation in the degree of authority they wield . Although they reign under constitutions , the monarchs of Brunei , Morocco , Oman , Qatar , Saudi Arabia and Swaziland appear to continue to exercise more political influence than any other single source of authority in their nations , either by constitutional mandate or by tradition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad5da3c052a41a63309b0556f75f787a", "text": "David Baldwin (historian) David Baldwin ( b. 22 December 1946 d. 4 April 2016 ) was a British historian , author and former university lecturer , who lived near Leicester , England . Baldwin specialised in late Medieval history -- `` the great medieval families of the Midlands '' -- and wrote several books about the people and events of the Wars of the Roses . Before retiring from teaching , Baldwin had previously worked as a lecturer at both the University of Leicester and the University of Nottingham . In 1986 , over 25 years before the 2012 excavation and the discovery of the king 's body , he predicted that Richard III 's remains would be found at Greyfriars , Leicester . In his 2010 book , Robin Hood : The English Outlaw Unmasked , Baldwin argued that the ` real ' Robin Hood was Roger Godberd , a disinherited supporter of Simon de Montfort . He drew attention to the many similarities between Godberd 's career and the stories told of Robin in the earliest ballads , and to a grave slab in Loxley churchyard in Warwickshire which appeared to be identical to one associated with Robin in earlier centuries . In his 2007 book , The Lost Prince : The Survival of Richard of York , Baldwin discussed the possibility that the younger of the Princes in the Tower , Prince Richard , survived , and was the `` Richard Plantagenet '' who died in December 1550 at Eastwell in Kent . Richard had worked as a bricklayer at St. John 's Abbey , Colchester , until 1539 , but , unusually for someone of his class , could read Latin . He is sometimes said to have been an illegitimate son of King Richard III . Baldwin was elected a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society in 2012 . A religious man , Baldwin was a member of a Christadelphian congregation in Leicester .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1c35cd37b4b3c413cdc7048e7c4be18", "text": "Cultural depictions of Richard III of England Richard III of England has been depicted in literature and popular culture many times . In the Tudor period he was invariably portrayed as a villain , most famously in Shakespeare 's play Richard III , but also in other literature of the period . Richard 's life was not much depicted again until the 20th century when the `` Ricardian '' movement sought to restore his reputation . Much of more recent creative literature has portrayed him in a positive light . However his reputation as a hunchbacked villain has remained a familiar historical cliché within popular culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ad7ab1027ccd61d81a5c662580f9ab5", "text": "Ralph fitzStephen Ralph fitzStephen ( sometimes Ralf fitzStephen ; died either 25 July 1202 or c. 1204 ) was an English nobleman and royal official . Ralph had brothers named William fitzStephen , and Eustace . They were probably the sons of Stephen the chamberlain , who is mentioned as a royal chamberlain in the pipe roll for 1156 -- 57 . Ralph was a royal chamberlain for King Henry II of England and King Richard I of England , serving in that office until at least 1191 . His work would have involved not just household duties , but the financial aspects of the office , both accepting monies owed to the royal household and paying salaries and other expenses of the king 's chamber . In 1170 he was appointed as one of the `` tutors '' to the eldest living son of the king , Henry . Ralph was a frequent witness on royal charters , and during the last years of Henry 's reign was also responsible for the maintenance of Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine , who was incarcerated in house arrest by the king . Ralph was Sheriff of Gloucestershire , from 1171 to 1175 , succeeded by his brother William . Ralph served as a royal justice for the southwest in 1176 and continued as a justice in other counties until 1190 . He assessed the tallage , a tax , from 1176 to 1190 also . In 1184 , Henry II summoned Ralph as a Serjeant-at-law , one of the first identifiable members of that order in the historical record . King Henry gave Ralph the manors of Wapley and Winterbourne in Gloucestershire . In the feudal inquest of 1166 , Ralph listed him as holding half a knight 's fee at the honour of Totnes , one fee from the bishop of Exeter , and two fees at Crich in Derbyshire that were part of Hubert fitzRalph 's honour there . At some point , he held a fee at Blackwell , Derbyshire from Robert fitzRandulf , as he gave that fee as a marriage portion to his niece Idonea when she married William fitzRandulf . Sometime between 1186 and 1190 , Ralph granted a third of a knight 's fee at Potterspury in Northamptonshire to Geoffrey fitzPeter , another royal official . Ralph married Maud or Matilda , the daughter of Robert de Calz . According to the historian Katharine Keats-Rohan , the marriage took place sometime before 1177 , as on that date he was given the forestership of Sherwood Forest which had been held by Robert de Calz . But Julia Boorman in Ralph 's entry in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography says the marriage occurred around 1184 or 1185 . Ralph controlled Sherwood Forest until 1197 , as well as Chippenham Forest in Wiltshire from 1176 to 1190 . Ralph may be the same as the Ralph fitzStephen who was given custody of Guildford Castle in Surrey in 1192 and 1193 . According to Keats-Rohan , Ralph died around 1204 and had no issue from his marriage . Boorman , however , states he died on 25 July 1202 . According to Keats-Rohan , Maud/Matilda married Adam fitzPeter of Birkin after Ralph 's death , but Boorman says that Maud/Matilda was the widow of fitzPeter when she married Ralph . Ralph gave gifts to Haverholme Priory , Darley Abbey , Gloucester Abbey , and Stanley Abbey . In 1225 the king recognized Richard of Gloucester as Ralph 's nearest heir and confirmed his custody of Winterbourne . Boorman speculates that Richard might have been Ralph 's son by a previous marriage before Maud/Matilda .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38fe1d90daf361506a260ac3ab3b0191", "text": "Church of England The Church of England ( C of E ) is the state church of England . The Archbishop of Canterbury ( currently Justin Welby ) is the most senior cleric , although the monarch is the supreme governor . The Church of England is also the mother church of the international Anglican Communion . It dates its establishment as a national church to the 6th-century Gregorian mission to Kent led by Augustine of Canterbury . The English church renounced papal authority when Henry VIII failed to secure an annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon in the 1530s . The English Reformation accelerated under Edward VI 's regents before a brief restoration of papal authority under Queen Mary I and King Philip . The Act of Supremacy 1558 renewed the breach and the Elizabethan Settlement charted a course whereby the English church was to be both Catholic and Reformed : Catholic in that it views itself as a part of the universal church of Jesus Christ in unbroken continuity with the early apostolic church . This is expressed in its emphasis on the teachings of the early Church Fathers , as formalised in the Apostles ' , Nicene , and Athanasian creeds . Reformed in that it has been shaped by some of the doctrinal principles of the 16th-century Protestant Reformation , in particular in the Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion and the Book of Common Prayer . In the earlier phase of the English Reformation there were both Catholic martyrs and radical Protestant martyrs . The later phases saw the Penal Laws punish Roman Catholic and nonconforming Protestants . In the 17th century , political and religious disputes raised the Puritan and Presbyterian faction to control of the church , but this ended with the Restoration . Papal recognition of George III in 1766 led to greater religious tolerance . Since the English Reformation , the Church of England has used a liturgy in English . The church contains several doctrinal strands , the main three known as Anglo-Catholic , Evangelical and Broad Church . Tensions between theological conservatives and progressives find expression in debates over the ordination of women and homosexuality . The church includes both liberal and conservative clergy and members . The governing structure of the church is based on dioceses , each presided over by a bishop . Within each diocese are local parishes . The General Synod of the Church of England is the legislative body for the church and comprises bishops , other clergy and laity . Its measures must be approved by both Houses of Parliament .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a19bd49845d676d93685bad9a5052718", "text": "Rædwald of East Anglia Rædwald ( Rædwald -LSB- - angrædwɑɫd -RSB- , ` power in counsel ' ) , also written as Raedwald or Redwald , was a 7th-century king of East Anglia , a long-lived Anglo-Saxon kingdom which included the present-day English counties of Norfolk and Suffolk . He was the son of Tytila of East Anglia and a member of the Wuffingas dynasty ( named after his grandfather , Wuffa ) , who were the first kings of the East Angles . Details about Rædwald 's reign are scarce , primarily because the Viking invasions of the 9th century destroyed the monasteries in East Anglia where many documents would have been kept . Rædwald reigned from about 599 until his death around 624 , initially under the overlordship of Æthelberht of Kent . In 616 , as a result of fighting the Battle of the River Idle and defeating Æthelfrith of Northumbria , he was able to install Edwin , who was acquiescent to his authority , as the new king of Northumbria . During the battle , both Æthelfrith and Rædwald 's son Rægenhere were killed . From around 616 , Rædwald was the most powerful of the English kings south of the River Humber . According to Bede he was the fourth ruler to hold imperium over other southern Anglo-Saxon kingdoms : he was referred to in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle , written centuries after his death , as a bretwalda ( an Old English term meaning ` Britain-ruler ' or ` wide-ruler ' ) . He was the first king of the East Angles to become a Christian , converting at Æthelberht 's court some time before 605 , whilst at the same time maintaining a pagan temple . In receiving the faith he helped to ensure the survival of Christianity in East Anglia during the apostasy of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of Essex and Kent . He is generally considered by historians to be the most favoured candidate for the occupant of the Sutton Hoo ship-burial , although other theories have been advanced .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "298e7e2abb9c3ac5a2efe85795916333", "text": "Wars of the Three Kingdoms The Wars of the Three Kingdoms , sometimes known as the British Civil Wars , formed an intertwined series of conflicts that took place in England , Ireland and Scotland between 1639 and 1651 . The English Civil War proper has become the best-known of these conflicts and included the execution of the kingdoms ' monarch , Charles I , by the English parliament in 1649 . The history of these wars is often extended to include the uprisings and conflicts that continued through the 1650s until the English Restoration of the monarchy with Charles II , in 1660 , and sometimes until Venner 's uprising the following year . The wars were the outcome of tensions over religious and civil issues . Religious disputes centred on whether religion was to be dictated by the monarch or the choice of the individual , with many people feeling that they ought to have freedom of religion . The related civil questions were to what extent the king 's rule was constrained by parliaments -- in particular his right to raise taxes and armed forces without consent . Furthermore , the wars also had an element of national conflict , as Ireland and Scotland rebelled against England 's primacy within the Three Kingdoms . The victory of the English Parliament -- ultimately under Oliver Cromwell -- over the king , the Irish and the Scots helped to determine the future of Great Britain and Ireland as a constitutional monarchy with political power centred on London . The wars included the Bishops ' Wars of 1639 and 1640 , the Scottish Civil War of 1644 -- 45 ; the Irish Rebellion of 1641 , Confederate Ireland , 1642 -- 49 and the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland in 1649 ( collectively the Eleven Years War or Irish Confederate Wars ) ; and the First , Second and Third English Civil Wars of 1642 -- 46 , 1648 -- 49 and 1650 -- 51 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "74c4a644c92debf2bd2d612f3e68a71c", "text": "Adventure Time Adventure Time is an American animated television series created by Pendleton Ward for Cartoon Network . It follows the adventures of a boy named Finn ( voiced by Jeremy Shada ) and his best friend and adoptive brother Jake ( John DiMaggio ) a dog with the magical power to change shape and size at will . Finn and Jake live in the post-apocalyptic Land of Ooo , where they interact with Princess Bubblegum ( Hynden Walch ) , the Ice King ( Tom Kenny ) , Marceline the Vampire Queen ( Olivia Olson ) , BMO ( Niki Yang ) , and others . The series is based on a 2007 short produced for Nicktoons and Frederator Studios ' animation incubator series Random ! Cartoons . After the short became a viral hit on the Internet , Cartoon Network commissioned a full-length series , which previewed on March 11 , 2010 , and officially premiered on April 5 , 2010 . The series draws inspiration from a variety of sources , including the fantasy role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons and video games . It is produced using hand-drawn animation ; action and dialogue for episodes are decided by storyboarding artists . Because each episode takes roughly eight to nine months to complete , multiple episodes are worked on concurrently . The cast members record their lines in group recordings , and the series regularly employs guest actors for minor and recurring characters . Each episode runs for about eleven minutes ; pairs of episodes are often telecast to fill half-hour program slots . Eight seasons of the program have aired , and a ninth and final season premiered on April 21 , 2017 . , a feature-length film is in development . Since its debut , Adventure Time has been a ratings success for Cartoon Network , with the highest-rated episodes having attracted over 3 million viewers . The show has received positive reviews from critics anddespite being aimed primarily at childrenhas developed a following among teenagers and adults . Adventure Time has won awards including : six Primetime Emmy Awards , a Peabody Award , three Annie Awards , two British Academy Children 's Awards , a Motion Picture Sound Editors Award , a Pixel Award , and a Kerrang ! Award . The series has also been nominated for three Critics ' Choice Television Awards , two Annecy Festival Awards , a TCA Award , and a Sundance Film Festival Award , among others . Of the many comic book spin-offs based on the series , one received an Eisner Award and two Harvey Awards . The series has also inspired various clothing items and related merchandise , video games , and DVD compilations .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c22e9dca5143c4c6d7a10504a044a888", "text": "The Adventure Zone The Adventure Zone is a fortnightly comedy and adventure podcast based upon the popular Dungeons & Dragons game series . The show is distributed by the Maximum Fun network and hosted by brothers Justin , Travis , and Griffin McElroy , and father Clint McElroy . Regular episodes of the podcast feature the family solving puzzles , fighting enemies , and leveling up their characters in a series of cinematic and humorous encounters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2de615d218764aca1039ae71fbcd70db", "text": "20th Satellite Awards The 20th Satellite Awards is an award ceremony honoring the year 's outstanding performers , films , and television shows , presented by the International Press Academy . It took place on February 21 , 2016 . The nominations were announced on December 1 , 2015 . The film The Martian leads all nominees with nine , including Best Film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "92de842d2de777ad24787d857ad94102", "text": "Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy The Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy has been awarded annually since 1952 by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association ( HFPA ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3ec9d899eca67259ed9f51856f87b4f", "text": "Academy Award for Best Animated Feature The Academy Awards are given each year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS or the Academy ) for the best films and achievements of the previous year . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature is given each year for animated films . An animated feature is defined by the Academy as a film with a running time of more than 40 minutes in which characters ' performances are created using a frame-by-frame technique , a significant number of the major characters are animated , and animation figures in no less than 75 percent of the running time . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature was first given for films made in 2001 . Through the 89th Academy Awards , presented in 2017 , Academy Award nominations in this category were made by the Academy 's animation section ; effective with the 2018 awards , all Academy members will be eligible to vote on nominations . The entire AMPAS membership has been eligible to choose the winner since the award 's inception . If there are sixteen or more films submitted for the category , the winner is voted from a shortlist of five films , which has happened six times , otherwise there will only be three films on the shortlist . Additionally , eight eligible animated features must have been theatrically released in Los Angeles County within the calendar year for this category to be activated . Animated films can be nominated for other categories , but have rarely been so ; Beauty and the Beast ( 1991 ) was the first animated film ever nominated for Best Picture . Up ( 2009 ) and Toy Story 3 ( 2010 ) also received Best Picture nominations after the Academy expanded the number of nominees . Waltz with Bashir ( 2008 ) is the only animated film ever nominated for Best Foreign Language Film ( though it did not receive a nomination for Best Animated Feature ) . The Nightmare Before Christmas ( 1993 ) and Kubo and the Two Strings ( 2016 ) are the only two animated films to ever be nominated for Best Visual Effects .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4", "text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f054968a67a4d50aed811bd0b6c5bfc", "text": "South Park (season 13) The thirteenth season of South Park , an American animated television comedy series , originally aired in the United States on Comedy Central between March 11 and November 18 , 2009 . The season was headed by the series creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone , who served as executive producers along with Anne Garefino . The season continued to focus on the exploits of protagonists Stan , Kyle , Cartman , Kenny and Butters in the fictional Colorado mountain town of South Park . The season was the first of three new seasons Parker and Stone agreed to produce for the network under a renewal deal . It consisted of fourteen 22-minute episodes , which aired in two groups of seven episodes separated by a six-month gap . Prior to the season 's premiere , all South Park episodes were made available for free viewing on the official series website , South Park Studios . The 13th season was the first to be broadcast in high definition and in widescreen . Continuing their practice from previous seasons , Parker and Stone wrote and produced each episode within the week before its broadcast date . The 13th season satirized such topics as the ACORN scandal , Japanese whaling , piracy in Somalia and the marketing tactics of the Walt Disney Company . Celebrities were spoofed throughout the season , including the Jonas Brothers , Kanye West , Carlos Mencia , Paul Watson and Glenn Beck , all of whom publicly responded to their portrayals . The episode `` Fishsticks '' attracted particular media attention due to rapper Kanye West 's declaration that its jokes about his arrogance were funny but hurt his feelings . `` The F Word '' , in which the central characters attempt to change the definition of the word `` fag '' , was especially controversial and prompted complaints from the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation . A broadcast of `` Pinewood Derby '' in Mexico was pulled , allegedly due to its depiction of Mexican President Felipe Calderón . `` Fatbeard '' was praised by the crew of the USS Bainbridge , which was involved in the 2009 rescue of the MV Maersk Alabama from Somali pirates . The 13th season received mixed reviews : some critics called it one of South Park 's strongest seasons , while others claimed the series was starting to decline in quality . The season maintained the average Nielsen rating viewership for the series , around 3 million viewers per episode . The episode `` Margaritaville '' , which satirized the global recession then affecting much of the industrialized world , won the 2009 Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program ( for Programming Less Than One Hour ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3784c925aa837a7d67f0ea5fe566b192", "text": "Pixar Play Parade Pixar Play Parade was a parade at Disney California Adventure . The parade features floats and characters based on Disney · Pixar films such as Monsters , Inc. , The Incredibles , and Toy Story . In a first for Disney California Adventure , the floats feature small water jets that shoot water into the crowd of spectators ( this parade effect was first introduced in 1993 for `` Aladdin 's Royal Caravan '' at Disneyland . The music used in the parade is derived from Hong Kong Disneyland 's Mickey 's WaterWorks Parade , both having the same tunes with changes in lyrics . Due to the large construction phase in the park , the parade went on hiatus starting on January 4 , 2011 . It was originally set to return in November , however it did not as construction was still ongoing . During the hiatus , it was replaced by `` Pixar Pals '' , an interactive show that only featured characters from Monsters , Inc. and The Incredibles . Pixar Pals concluded in May 2012 and Pixar Play Parade returned on June 15 , 2012 to coincide with the grand reopening of Disney California Adventure . During the 2016 Disney California Adventure Food & Wine Festival , the parade was put on hiatus and Pixar pals temporarily return to the park with `` The Incredibles '' , but `` The Monsters Inc '' float did not return this time . The parade later returned when the food and wine festival ended .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "79ee45ed83325535b3b268bfa98cfef7", "text": "Eisner Award The Will Eisner Comic Industry Awards , commonly shortened to the Eisner Awards , are prizes given for creative achievement in American comic books , sometimes referred to as the Comics Industry 's equivalent of the Oscar Awards . They are named in honor of the pioneering writer and artist Will Eisner , who was a regular participant in the award ceremony until his death in 2005 . The Eisner Awards include the Comic Industry 's Hall of Fame . The nominations in each category are generated by a five-member panel , then voted on by comic book professionals and presented at the annual San Diego Comic-Con International convention held in July , usually on a Friday .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56563307d80f178eefa7f73cb22d6e44", "text": "78th Academy Awards The 78th Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , took place on March 5 , 2006 , at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood , Los Angeles beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. . The ceremony was scheduled one week later than usual to avoid conflicting with the 2006 Winter Olympics . During the ceremony , AMPAS presented Academy Awards ( commonly referred to as Oscars ) in 24 categories honoring films released in 2005 . The ceremony , televised in the United States by ABC , was produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J. Horvitz . Actor Jon Stewart hosted the show for the first time . Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills , California held on February 18 , the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Rachel McAdams . Crash won three awards including Academy Award for Best Picture . Other winners included Brokeback Mountain , King Kong , and Memoirs of a Geisha also with three awards apiece , and Capote , The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe , The Constant Gardener , Hustle and Flow , March of the Penguins , The Moon and the Son : An Imagined Conversation , A Note of Triumph : The Golden Age of Norman Corwin , Six Shooter , Syriana , Tsotsi , Walk the Line , and Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit with one each . The telecast garnered nearly 39 million viewers in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "97e69b12cafe8bac808c75e5d636fa5b", "text": "Golden Raspberry Awards The Golden Raspberry Awards ( often shortened to Razzies and Razzie Awards ) is an award in recognition of the worst in film . Co-founded by UCLA film graduates and film-industry veterans , John J. B. Wilson and Mo Murphy , the annual Razzie Awards ceremony in Los Angeles precedes the corresponding Academy Awards ceremony by one day . The term raspberry in the name is used in its irreverent sense , as in `` blowing a raspberry '' . The awards themselves are in the form of a `` golf ball-sized raspberry '' which sits atop a Super 8 mm film reel , the whole of which is spray painted gold . The first Golden Raspberry Awards ceremony was held on March 31 , 1981 , at John J. B. Wilson 's living-room alcove in Los Angeles , to honor the worst in film of the 1980 film season . The 37th ceremony was held on February 25 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4ae12dec699977fffdbf310bd1fd62a7", "text": "Producers Guild of America Award for Best Animated Motion Picture The Producers Guild of America Award for Outstanding Producer of Animated Theatrical Motion Pictures is an award annually given since 2005 . Of all the 12 films awarded , 8 have gone on to win the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e5205aab3c0ab7824b64939249c8304", "text": "William Hanna William Denby `` Bill '' Hanna ( July 14 , 1910 -- March 22 , 2001 ) was an American animator , director , producer , voice actor , and cartoon artist , whose film and television cartoon characters entertained millions of people for much of the 20th century . After working odd jobs in the first months of the Depression , Hanna joined the Harman and Ising animation studio in 1930 . During the 1930s , Hanna steadily gained skill and prominence while working on cartoons such as Captain and the Kids . In 1937 , while working at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ( MGM ) , Hanna met Joseph Barbera . The two men began a collaboration that was at first best known for producing Tom and Jerry and live action/animated hybrid films . In 1957 , they co-founded Hanna-Barbera , which became the most successful television animation studio in the business , producing programs such as The Flintstones , The Huckleberry Hound Show , The Jetsons , Scooby-Doo , The Smurfs , and Yogi Bear . In 1967 , Hanna-Barbera was sold to Taft Broadcasting for $ 12 million , but Hanna and Barbera remained heads of the company until 1991 . At that time , the studio was sold to Turner Broadcasting System , which in turn was merged with Time Warner in 1996 ; Hanna and Barbera stayed on as advisors . Hanna and Barbera won seven Academy Awards and eight Emmy Awards . Their cartoons have become cultural icons , and their cartoon characters have appeared in other media such as films , books , and toys . Hanna-Barbera 's shows had a worldwide audience of over 300 million people in their 1960s heyday , and have been translated into more than 28 languages .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ecbd693c1acec4524eee6bb87be6fad1", "text": "Scream Awards The Scream Awards were an award show dedicated to the horror , sci-fi , and fantasy genres of feature films . Originally only having Scream Queen and Heroic Performance awards for actors , the personnel awards have expanded to include actors and actresses of all three recognized genres . In addition , comic books awards were also given and have been recently expanded . It is broadcast on Spike TV and has been branded in the past as the Spike TV Scream Awards . Subsequently , the show was relabeled simply Scream with the respective year , i.e. Scream 2009 . The show was created by executive producers Michael Levitt , Cindy Levitt , and Casey Patterson . The Scream Awards ceremonies were cancelled following the 2011 Scream Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "601c999353b05e482bdc578bda7fd3f5", "text": "38th Saturn Awards The 38th Saturn Awards , honoring the best in science fiction , fantasy and horror film and television in 2011 , were held on July 26 , 2012 in Burbank , California . The awards are presented by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy and Horror Films . The six Best Film Award categories were respectively won by Rise of the Planet of the Apes ( Science Fiction ) , Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 ( Fantasy ) , The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( Horror or Thriller ) , Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol ( Action or Adventure ) , The Skin I Live In ( International ) and Puss in Boots ( Animated ) . Rise of the Planet of the Apes and Super 8 led the winners with three each . In the television categories , Breaking Bad won three of its six nominations , including Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series . Fringe , The Walking Dead and Teen Wolf won the other Best Series Awards . Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 became the first Harry Potter film to win Best Fantasy Film , for which the seven previous Harry Potter films were nominated , and only the second film of the series to win a Saturn Award , following The Philosopher 's Stone which won Best Costume in 2001 . Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol also became the first Mission : Impossible film to win Best Action or Adventure Film , following the nominations of the first and third installments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "241c5584bafcb4fa9074b612100161a6", "text": "Tomorrowland (film) Tomorrowland ( subtitled A World Beyond in some regions ) is a 2015 American science-fiction mystery adventure film directed and co-written by Brad Bird . Bird co-wrote the film 's screenplay with Damon Lindelof , from an original story treatment by Bird , Lindelof and Jeff Jensen . The film stars George Clooney , Hugh Laurie , Britt Robertson , Raffey Cassidy , Tim McGraw , Kathryn Hahn and Keegan-Michael Key . In the film , a disillusioned genius inventor and a teenage science enthusiast embark to an ambiguous alternate dimension known as `` Tomorrowland '' where their actions directly affect the world and themselves . Walt Disney Pictures originally announced the film in June 2011 under the working title 1952 , and later retitled it to Tomorrowland , after the futuristic themed land found at Disney theme parks . In drafting their story , Bird and Lindelof took inspiration from the progressive cultural movements of the Space Age , as well as Walt Disney 's optimistic philosophy of the future , notably his conceptual vision for the planned community known as EPCOT . Principal photography began in August 2013 , with footage shot in British Columbia , Alberta , Florida , and Spain with second unit filming in France , California and the Bahamas . Tomorrowland was released in conventional and IMAX formats on May 22 , 2015 , and was the first theatrical film to be released in Dolby Vision and Dolby Cinema . Upon its release , the film received mixed reviews from critics ; earning praise for its original premise , musical score , action , visuals , and themes , but criticism in regards to the screenplay 's uneven writing and tone . The film grossed $ 209 million worldwide against a total production and marketing cost of $ 330 million , losing Disney $ 120 -- 140 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "752227b3b7a63d61f5f2d679802fae77", "text": "Golden Boot Awards The Golden Boot Awards is an American acknowledgment of achievement honoring actors , actresses , and crew members who have made significant contributions to the genre of Western television and movies . The award is sponsored and presented by the Motion Picture & Television Fund . Money raised at the award banquet is used to help finance various services offered by the Fund to those in the entertainment industry . Actor Pat Buttram conceived the idea of the Golden Boot Award , and the first ones were presented in 1983 . The awards appear to have been discontinued since 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e4b202bd7e5c20b2754997c8108198f", "text": "Adventure Time: Explore the Dungeon Because I Don't Know! Adventure Time : Explore the Dungeon Because I Do n't Know ! ( stylized as Adventure Time Explore the Dungeon Because I DO N'T KNOW ! ) is a video game directed by Tomm Hulett and developed by WayForward Technologies with the help of Pendleton Ward under license from Cartoon Network Interactive . It is published by D3 Publisher for Microsoft Windows , Wii U , PlayStation 3 , Xbox 360 and Nintendo 3DS . This is the second game based on the animated television series Adventure Time after 2012 's Adventure Time : Hey Ice King ! Why 'd You Steal Our Garbage ?!! . The game was first announced on May 14 , 2013 . The game includes voice acting from major characters and four-player cooperative multiplayer , except in the 3DS version , which has no multiplayer . Critical reception to the game was largely negative .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "41222b619fd584a70532cc59d545f98f", "text": "Goliad (Adventure Time) `` Goliad '' is the tenth episode of the fourth season of the American animated television series Adventure Time . The episode was written and storyboarded by Tom Herpich and Skyler Page , from a story by Patrick McHale , Kent Osborne , and Pendleton Ward . It originally aired on Cartoon Network on June 4 , 2012 . The episode guest stars Graham Linehan 's children , Wendy and Henry . The series follows the adventures of Finn ( voiced by Jeremy Shada ) , a human boy , and his best friend and adoptive brother Jake ( voiced by John DiMaggio ) , a dog with magical powers to change shape and grow and shrink at will . In this episode , Princess Bubblegum ( voiced by Hynden Walch ) begins to fear for her mortality , and creates an eternal sphinx named Goliad to be her successor . Things go awry , however , when the sphinx turns against Bubblegum . Linehan 's children , Wendy and Henry , were brought on to voice Goliad and Stormo , respectively , after Ward saw video of them impersonating Adventure Time characters . Linehan is currently putting together a story for a sequel episode . The episode received largely positive critical reviews , and was later nominated for an Annie Award for `` Storyboarding in an Animated Television/Broadcast Production '' at the 2013 award ceremony , although the episode did not win .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5df96c0814e26b36c1c686b0693dcb1b", "text": "26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 . The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name . All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year . William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f38a55440a0d6d8dd56d752119e0d96e", "text": "Orson Welles George Orson Welles ( -LSB- ˈwɛlz -RSB- May 6 , 1915 -- October 10 , 1985 ) was an American actor , director , writer , and producer who worked in theatre , radio , and film . He is remembered for his innovative work in all three : in theatre , most notably Caesar ( 1937 ) , a Broadway adaptation of William Shakespeare 's Julius Caesar ; in radio , the legendary 1938 broadcast `` The War of the Worlds '' ; and in film , Citizen Kane ( 1941 ) , consistently ranked as one of the all-time greatest films . In his 20s , Welles directed a number of high-profile stage productions for the Federal Theatre Project , including an adaptation of Macbeth with an entirely African American cast , and the political musical The Cradle Will Rock . In 1937 he and John Houseman founded the Mercury Theatre , an independent repertory theatre company that presented a series of productions on Broadway through 1941 . Welles found national and international fame as the director and narrator of a 1938 radio adaptation of H. G. Wells ' novel The War of the Worlds performed for his radio anthology series The Mercury Theatre on the Air . It reportedly caused widespread panic when listeners thought that an invasion by extraterrestrial beings was actually occurring . Although some contemporary sources claim these reports of panic were mostly false and overstated , they rocketed Welles to notoriety . His first film was Citizen Kane ( 1941 ) , which he co-wrote , produced , directed , and starred in as Charles Foster Kane . Welles was an outsider to the studio system and directed only 13 full-length films in his career . He struggled for creative control on his projects early on with the major film studios and later in life with a variety of independent financiers , and his films were either heavily edited or remained unreleased . His distinctive directorial style featured layered and nonlinear narrative forms , uses of lighting such as chiaroscuro , unusual camera angles , sound techniques borrowed from radio , deep focus shots , and long takes . He has been praised as `` the ultimate auteur '' . Welles followed up Citizen Kane with 12 other feature films , the most acclaimed of which include The Magnificent Ambersons ( 1942 ) , Touch of Evil ( 1958 ) , and Chimes at Midnight ( 1966 ) . Other works of his , such as The Lady from Shanghai ( 1947 ) and F for Fake ( 1973 ) , are also well-regarded . In 2002 , Welles was voted the greatest film director of all time in two British Film Institute polls among directors and critics . Known for his baritone voice , Welles was an actor in radio and film , a Shakespearean stage actor , and a magician noted for presenting troop variety shows in the war years .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "315c7bf7a45dc7a22cd20418d9fb7796", "text": "Beyond Citizen Kane Beyond Citizen Kane ( 1993 ) is a British documentary film directed by Simon Hartog , produced by John Ellis , and first broadcast on Channel 4 . It details the dominant position of the Rede Globo media group , the largest in Brazil , and discusses the group 's influence , power , and political connections . Globo 's president and founder Roberto Marinho was criticised and compared to the fictional newspaper tycoon Charles Foster Kane , created by Orson Welles for the 1941 film Citizen Kane . According to the documentary , Marinho 's media group engages in manipulation of news to influence public opinion . Rede Globo objected to the film 's position and tried to buy Brazilian rights , but Hartog had already made agreements to give non-TV rights to political and cultural groups in Brazil . While it is often claimed in Brazil that exhibiting the documentary in Brazil was forbidden by the justice , John Ellis claims that there are no legal restrictions in place , but the documentary ca n't be broadcast on TV in Brazil since it contains large sections of footage owned by Globo . However , copies sold in Britain reached Brazil in the 1990s and circulated widely there . In addition , since the Internet boom of the early 21st century , the film has been released on sharing networks and had hundreds of thousands of views , as measured on YouTube and Google Video .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f66f28332c6af504520cb478779b0bbb", "text": "Gothic film The Gothic film is a film that is based on Gothic fiction or contains Gothic elements . Since various definite film genres -- including science fiction , film noir , thriller , and comedy -- have used Gothic elements , the Gothic film is challenging to define clearly as a genre . Gothic elements have also infused the horror film genre , contributing supernatural and nightmarish elements . To create a Gothic atmosphere , filmmakers have sought to create new camera tricks that challenge audiences ' perceptions . Gothic films also reflected contemporary issues . A New Companion to The Gothics Heidi Kaye said `` strong visuals , a focus on sexuality and an emphasis on audience response '' characterize Gothic films like they did the literary works . The Encyclopedia of the Gothic said the foundation of Gothic film was the combination of Gothic literature , stage melodrama , and German expressionism . In The Cambridge Companion to Gothic Fiction , Misha Kavka says Gothic film is not an established genre , rather contributing Gothic images , plots , characters , and styles to films . These elements are often found in `` the broader category of horror '' . Kavka quotes William Patrick Day 's definition of the Gothic , '' -LSB- it -RSB- tantalizes us with fear , both as its subject and its effect ; its does so , however , not primarily through characters or plots or even language , but through spectacle '' . Cinema suits the Gothic definition in creating images that establish the spectacle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a0d884640b611e0a62c4efd88fdfec5", "text": "The Boat That Rocked The Boat That Rocked ( retitled Pirate Radio in North America , Good Morning England in France , Radio Rock Revolution in Germany , Рок-волна ( The Rock Wave ) in Russia , and I Love Radio Rock in Italy ) is a 2009 British comedy film written and directed by Richard Curtis , with pirate radio in the United Kingdom during the 1960s as its setting . The film has an ensemble cast featuring Philip Seymour Hoffman , Bill Nighy , Rhys Ifans , Nick Frost , and Kenneth Branagh . Set in 1966 , it tells the story of the fictitious pirate radio station `` Radio Rock '' and its crew of eclectic disc jockeys , who broadcast rock and pop music to the United Kingdom from a ship anchored in the North Sea while the British government endeavours to shut them down . It was produced by Working Title Films for Universal Pictures , and was filmed on the Isle of Portland and at Shepperton Studios . After the world premiere in London 's Leicester Square on 29 March 2009 , the film was released in United Kingdom and Ireland on 1 April 2009 . It was a commercial failure at the British box office , making only US$ 10.1 million in its first three months , just a fifth of its US$ 50 million production cost . It received mixed reviews , with most criticism directed at its muddled storyline and 2 1/4 - hour length . For its North American release the film had its running time cut by 20 minutes , and was retitled Pirate Radio . Opening 13 November 2009 , it was still commercially unsuccessful in the US , earning only US$ 8 million . When the worldwide theatrical run was finished in January 2010 , the film had grossed US$ 36.3 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e09a286d69cbc76e330c757a66e42a57", "text": "Orson Welles Cinema The Orson Welles Cinema was a movie theater at 1001 Massachusetts Avenue in Cambridge , Massachusetts that operated from 1969 to 1986 . Showcasing independents , foreign films and revivals , it became a focal point of the Boston-Cambridge film community .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a49b0d9557db815b75fa648fe6a4e326", "text": "The Deep (unfinished film) The Deep is an unfinished film directed by Orson Welles and based on the novel Dead Calm by Charles Williams , which would later be adapted into the film of the same title . Welles produced and wrote the film , and also played the role of Russ Brewer opposite Jeanne Moreau and Laurence Harvey . Welles worked on the film from 1966 to 1969 . The film is incomplete ; several major scenes were never shot , and portions of the soundtrack remain unrecorded . The original negative has been lost and the film exists in two work prints , one in black and white and the other in color ( the way the film was intended to be shown ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33df8cdbcd549d4a5e96a40a8cd8d3c5", "text": "Theatre World Theatre World is the only ( first published in 1945 ) , comprehensive , annual pictorial and statistical record of American theatre in print publication , including Broadway , Off-Broadway , Off-Off-Broadway , and regional theatre , as well as a complete national theatrical awards section and obituaries . Including over 750 photographs , it is the definitive pictorial and statistical reference to each American theatrical season , and is referenced daily by industry professionals , students , historians , and theatre fans worldwide . Until 1998 , the Theatre World editorial staff administered the Theatre World Awards for Outstanding Broadway and off-Broadway debuts . First under the supervision of Theatre World founder Daniel Blum and then under John Willis , who took over the production of the Awards following Blum 's death in 1964 , the Theatre World Awards were first given to those recipients considered `` Promising Personalities . '' In 1998 , the Theatre World Awards were incorporated as a 501 ( c ) 3 nonprofit organization and are currently overseen by a board of directors independent of `` Theatre World . '' Theatre World is the recipient of a 2001 Tony Honor for Excellence in Theatre , presented by the American Theatre Wing , and on behalf of the publication , longtime editor-in-chief John Willis ( 1916-2010 ) accepted honors including the first Special Lucille Lortel Award , a Special Drama Desk Award , and the Broadway Theatre Institute ( now The Theatre Museum ) Lifetime Achievement Award . Theatre World is published annually by Theatre World Media and distributed by Applause Theatre and Cinema Books . The permanent editorial staff currently consists of Ben Hodges , editor in chief , and coeditor Scott Denny . Current editorial staff includes Adam Feldman of Time Out New York ( Broadway ) , Linda Buchwald TDF Stages ( Off-Broadway ) , Shay Gines New York Innovative Theatre Awards ( Off-Off-Broadway ) , and Diep Tran American Theatre Magazine ( Regional theatre ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2840eb5e75238330f0577816c1673f7", "text": "Mr. Arkadin Mr. Arkadin ( first released in Spain , 1955 ) , known in Britain as Confidential Report , is a French-Spanish-Swiss coproduction film , written and directed by Orson Welles and shot in several Spanish locations , including Costa Brava , Segovia , Valladolid and Madrid . Filming took place throughout Europe in 1954 , and scenes shot outside Spain include locations in London , Munich , Paris , the French Riviera , and the Château de Chillon in Switzerland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d255f87c924ca51c83071cc01adcc49", "text": "Stagecraft Stagecraft is the technical aspect of theatrical , film , and video production . It includes constructing and rigging scenery ; hanging and focusing of lighting ; design and procurement of costumes ; make-up ; stage management ; audio engineering ; and procurement of props . Stagecraft is distinct from the wider umbrella term of scenography . Considered a technical rather than an artistic field , it is primarily the practical implementation of a scenic designer 's artistic vision . In its most basic form , stagecraft may be executed by a single person ( often the stage manager of a smaller production ) who arranges all scenery , costumes , lighting , and sound , and organizes the cast . Regional theatres and larger community theatres will generally have a technical director and a complement of designers , each of whom has a direct hand in their respective designs . Within significantly larger productions , for example a modern Broadway show , effectively bringing a show to opening night requires the work of skilled carpenters , painters , electricians , stagehands , stitchers , wigmakers , and the like . Modern stagecraft is highly technical and specialized : it comprises many sub-disciplines and a vast trove of history and tradition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "015e28c8c4dc39858fae3737288827d1", "text": "Not as a Stranger Not as a Stranger is a 1955 Drama film produced and directed by Stanley Kramer based on the 1954 novel of the same name by Morton Thompson . The romantic melodrama novel was widely popular , topping that year 's list of bestselling novels in the United States . The film was Kramer 's directorial debut and featured Olivia de Havilland and Robert Mitchum in the lead roles , backed by a stellar supporting cast including Frank Sinatra , Gloria Grahame , Broderick Crawford , Charles Bickford , Lon Chaney , Jr. , Harry Morgan , and Lee Marvin . The film was released by United Artists . Sinatra had catapulted back into the limelight as the result of a supporting role for a film from a similarly popular novel , From Here to Eternity , two years earlier . Initially a minor box office success , Not as a Stranger is seldom seen today , never receiving widespread distribution on home video . It was first released on DVD in 1992 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e323840a70af0f23af0b7c1a298b8ba1", "text": "Dark Adventure Radio Theatre Dark Adventure Radio Theatre is a series of radio dramas produced by the H. P. Lovecraft Historical Society . They are produced in the style of 1930s radio drama , and the `` Dark Adventure Radio Theatre '' resembles a Mercury Theatre production hosted by the fictional `` Chester Langfield '' and `` sponsored '' by `` Fleur-de-Lys Cigarettes '' . However , the character `` died '' of emphysema after the fourth production ( The Shadow Over Innsmouth ) and was replaced by the equally fictional `` Erskine Blackwell , '' the new `` sponsor '' being `` Forhan 's Toothpaste . '' In the latest production , The Dreams in the Witch House , the sponsor became `` Bub-L-Pep '' , a lithium-based drink . The series features casts of professional actors and original music . The CD releases include four prop documents , such as newspaper clippings , etc. , from the show . Currently released productions : Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : At the Mountains of Madness ( 2007 ) Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : The Dunwich Horror ( 2008 ) Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : The Shadow Out of Time ( 2008-10-01 ) Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : The Shadow Over Innsmouth ( 2008-12 ) Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : The Call of Cthulhu ( 2012-11 ) Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : The Case of Charles Dexter Ward ( 2013-03 ) Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : The Color Out of Space ( 2013 ) Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : Herbert West - Reanimator ( 2013 ) Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : The Dreams in the Witch House ( 2014 ) Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : Imprisoned with the Pharaohs ( 2014 ) Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : The Horror at Red Hook ( 2015 ) Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : Dagon : War of Worlds ( 2015 ) Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : A Solstice Carol ( 2015 ) Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : The White Tree ( 2016 ) Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : The Thing on the Doorstep ( 2016 ) Dark Adventure Radio Theatre : The Brotherhood of the Beast ( 2016 )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b454573028840571611976ae9df969a8", "text": "The Great Moment (1944 film) The Great Moment is a 1944 biographical film written and directed by Preston Sturges . Based on the book Triumph Over Pain ( 1940 ) by René Fülöp-Miller , it tells the story of Dr. William Thomas Green Morton , a 19th-century Boston dentist who discovered the use of ether for general anesthesia . The film stars Joel McCrea and Betty Field , and features Harry Carey , William Demarest , Franklin Pangborn and Porter Hall . The movie was filmed in 1942 but not released for over two years , and the released version differed from what Preston Sturges had wished , although he publicly accepted the film as his own . Paramount Pictures disliked the film Sturges had made , and pulled it from his control , re-titled and re-edited it , in the process making it ( especially in the early segment ) more confusing for the audience to understand . The studio 's released version was marketed in a way that made it appear to be one of Sturges ' comedies . The film was not well received by the critics or the public , and marked the end of a sustained run of success for Sturges , who had already left Paramount by the time the film was released . Although rarely seen today , the film is worth viewing for its flashback structure -- comparable in some ways to Citizen Kane , which was influenced by the earlier film The Power and the Glory , for which Sturges wrote the screenplay -- and for its irreverent and subtly satirical tone , unusual for a time when most Hollywood biopics were over-inflated and sentimental . In 2003 a medical-dental historian in a lengthy analysis of the movie and its history -- which cited its flashback structure , timeless subject , injections of humor , and `` un-Pasteur-like '' treatment of its protagonist , while adhering reasonably well to the historical record -- concluded that `` The Great Moment may now be due for a general reevaluation by movie historians and critics who , like most folks , have never felt much affection for dentists past and present . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14f86eb8b84c5a12db5cefc756a8ff89", "text": "Free Cinema Free Cinema was a documentary film movement that emerged in the United Kingdom in the mid-1950s . The term referred to an absence of propagandised intent or deliberate box office appeal . Co-founded by Lindsay Anderson , though he later disdained the ` movement ' tag , with Karel Reisz , Tony Richardson and Lorenza Mazzetti . The movement began with a programme of three short films at the National Film Theatre , London , on 5 February 1956 . The programme was such a success that five more programmes appeared under the Free Cinema banner before the founders decided to end the series . The last event was held in March 1959 . Three of the screenings consisted of work from overseas film makers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa6e9c8487342b7db1fdcd2454aa3ebd", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language The BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . The award was first given at the 36th British Academy Film Awards , recognising the films of 1982 , and until 1990 was known as the BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Film . Prior to this , films recorded in a language other than English were often recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best Film , known between 1949 and 1969 as Best Film from any Source . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6af7a0282c65e446ecd4ae03f63be146", "text": "King Lear (1953 film) King Lear is a 1953 live television adaptation of the Shakespeare play staged by Peter Brook and starring Orson Welles . Preserved on kinescope , it aired October 18 , 1953 , as part of the CBS television series Omnibus , hosted by Alistair Cooke . The cast includes Micheál Mac Liammóir and Alan Badel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a157ce4ff4cc117b2878270518a395eb", "text": "Someone to Love (film) Someone to Love , directed by Henry Jaglom , is a film made in 1987 . It was Orson Welles ' final live action film appearance , released after his death but produced before his voice-over in The Transformers : The Movie . The film was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1987 Cannes Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1fad7379f8100cf6c92360cae57bf29", "text": "List of fictional musicals A fictional musical or fictitious musical is a non-existent stage musical that was created specifically for ( i.e. within ) a work of fiction such as a novel , film , TV series , play or even an actual stage musical . Strictly , the term does not refer to actual musicals based on fiction ( i.e. as opposed to those based on real-life people or events ) but , rather , to imaginary musicals that do not actually exist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bd0c2dda5c36a0e91d59999b53dcafe", "text": "Rhinoceros (Orson Welles production) Rhinoceros was a 1960 production of Eugène Ionesco 's surrealist play of the same name , which had been written the year before . It was the first English-language production of the play , starred future husband-and-wife team Laurence Olivier and Joan Plowright , and was directed by Orson Welles . Olivier also co-produced the play , which was Welles 's last work as a theatre director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20bf131f9288feca785e52db4da61f31", "text": "The Spirit of Charles Lindbergh The Spirit of Charles Lindbergh is a short film made in 1984 by Orson Welles . The film was intended as a private video letter from Welles to his longtime friend and accountant Bill Cronshaw , who was ill . In the film , Welles sits behind a typewriter at his desk and speaks of the human spirit , quoting the journal of aviator Charles Lindbergh . Welles was in visibly poor health himself when the film was made , and he did not intend for it to be seen by the public .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "1573d9e70756815d276800a22b6bba36", "text": "L.A. Guns L.A. Guns are an American hard rock band from Los Angeles , California , formed in 1983 . As of 2014 , the lineup consists of Phil Lewis ( lead vocals , rhythm guitar ) , Steve Riley ( drums , percussion , backing vocals ) , Kenny Kweens ( bass guitar , backing vocals ) , and Michael Grant ( lead guitar , backing vocals ) . The first incarnation of the group was formed by Tracii Guns in 1983 and merged with fellow Los Angeles group Hollywood Rose to form Guns N ' Roses in 1984 . In 1985 , the group was reformed by Guns and singer Paul Black adding Mick Cripps and Nickey Alexander . Black would soon be replaced by former Girl singer Phil Lewis while former Faster Pussycat bassist Kelly Nickels was added to the group . Later , Alexander would be replaced by former W.A.S.P. drummer Steve Riley with this being known as the `` classic lineup '' of L.A. Guns . They achieved moderate chart success in the late 1980s and early 1990s . However , the group went through numerous lineup changes ( with Riley being the most consistent member ) and failed to regain mainstream attention . The `` classic lineup '' of the group would reunite in 1999 and began recording new material . However , the group continued to change lineups and Guns eventually left to form the hard rock supergroup Brides of Destruction with Nikki Sixx of Mötley Crüe in 2002 . L.A. Guns continued without Guns , bringing in guitarist Stacey Blades , however , following his decision to put Brides of Destruction on hiatus in 2006 , Guns formed The Tracii Guns Band . The group 's lineup consisted of former L.A. Guns members Black , Alexander as well as Jeremy Guns ( though the lineup would eventually change ) , with the group eventually changing their name to L.A. Guns . Both groups continued to record and tour under the L.A. Guns moniker until 2012 , when the Tracii Guns led version of the group disbanded . To date , L.A. Guns has released ten studio albums -- L.A. Guns ( 1988 ) ; Cocked & Loaded ( 1989 ) ; Hollywood Vampires ( 1991 ) ; Vicious Circle ( 1995 ) ; American Hardcore ( 1996 ) ; Shrinking Violet ( 1999 ) ; Man in the Moon ( 2001 ) ; Waking the Dead ( 2002 ) ; Tales from the Strip ( 2005 ) ; and Hollywood Forever ( 2012 ) , two extended plays -- Cuts ( 1992 ) ; Wasted ( 1998 ) as well as a number of live and compilation albums .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b80bed546235d1cbe0c7389d469c921a", "text": "Shooter (TV series) Shooter is an American television drama series based on the novel Point of Impact by Stephen Hunter and the 2007 film of the same name . The show stars Ryan Phillippe in the lead role of Bob Lee Swagger an expert marksman living in exile who is coaxed back into action after learning of a plot to kill the president . USA Network picked up the pilot in August 2015 and ordered the pilot to series in February 2016 . The series was originally set to premiere on July 19 , 2016 but was postponed a week to July 26 , due to the July 7 Dallas shootings . Following the Baton Rouge police officer shootings on July 17 , the series was pulled from USA 's summer schedule entirely . On October 3 , 2016 , USA announced a new premiere date for Shooter , which premiered on November 15 , 2016 . On December 19 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a second season and will return in summer 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68fb86fb125294b15cb2af8a748a6f8a", "text": "L.A. Law L.A. Law is an American television legal drama series that ran for eight seasons on NBC , from September 15 , 1986 , to May 19 , 1994 . Created by Steven Bochco and Terry Louise Fisher , it contained many of Bochco 's trademark features including an ensemble cast , large number of parallel storylines , social drama , and off-the-wall humor . It reflected the social and cultural ideologies of the 1980s and early 1990s , and many of the cases featured on the show dealt with hot-topic issues such as capital punishment , abortion , racism , gay rights , homophobia , sexual harassment , AIDS , and domestic violence . The series often also reflected social tensions between the wealthy senior lawyer protagonists and their less well-paid junior staff . In addition to its main cast , L.A. Law was also well known for featuring then relatively unknown actors and actresses in guest starring roles , who later went on to greater success in film and television including : Don Cheadle , Jeffrey Tambor , Kathy Bates , David Schwimmer , Jay O. Sanders , James Avery , Gates McFadden , Bryan Cranston , C.C.H. Pounder , Kevin Spacey , Richard Schiff , Carrie-Anne Moss , William H. Macy , Stephen Root , Christian Slater , and Lucy Liu . Several episodes of the show also included celebrities such as Vanna White , Buddy Hackett and Mamie Van Doren appearing as themselves in cameo roles . The show was popular with audiences and critics , and won 15 Emmy Awards throughout its run , four of which were for Outstanding Drama Series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b54651fb488c67b50a3d4dc5cede7106", "text": "Gina Hiraizumi Gina Hiraizumi is a Juilliard alumni , who has been acting professionally for over 15 years . With over 5 features releasing for 2017 , her career is taking an exciting leap . Her next theatrical release is with A-List Japan star , MIEKO HARADA in the drama feature , TOKYO NEW YORK as `` Keiko '' - a Japanese girl forced to work in the underground Tokyo hostess club world for survival , while Harada plays the mama-san boss in this Japanese scripted feature . This international drama feature by Award-winning director , Naghmeh Shirkhan is set to release in 2017 . In the crime/murder TV series , DEADLY SINS ( 2016 / ID Discovery ) Gina was the lead title role of real life Filipina criminal , `` Rosalina Misina Mendoza '' in this full hour biopic tale . She portrays the role of Rosalina in her early 20 's ( she is now in her 60 's , incarcerated in prison without parole in Seattle , WA ) and portrays her character from the start , as the story unfolds from her harsh beginnings in Manila , Philippines to the United States . Her character has stirred a lot of emotions with the fans of the show , as Twitter exploded with comments upon the TV release . Network television credits include CASTLE and FLASH FORWARD ( ABC ) , SHARK ( CBS ) , QUINTUPLETS ( FOX ) . Gina played the beauty queen wife of martial arts superstar , JASON SCOTT LEE ( `` Dragon : Bruce Lee Story '' ) in the WWII period piece feature , ONLY THE BRAVE and co-starred in DAY OF INDEPENDENCE by Academy Award Winner , director Chris Tashima . Gina 's past celebrity endorsement deals include KILAUEA FIRE ( Hawaiian Hot Sauce ) as seen in the Hawaiian Airlines ' HANA HOU MAGAZINE and a 2010 CALENDAR by Hilton Hawaiian Village . A calendar signing tour took her around the world and was a massive success . The eldest of 3 sisters , Gina grew up in Los Angeles , CA while traveling to Tokyo 2-3 times a year , every year of her life . Growing up privileged , her father was a successful entrepreneur - the owner of a global travel agency , which allowed the entire family to live an international lifestyle . Many summers were spent attending Japanese schools in Tokyo , Japan and swimming the beaches in Honolulu , Hawaii . Gina got her start in acting when her whole family was cast in a Japanese commercial for `` House Curry '' when she was 15 . She enrolled herself in acting training as a teenager with her first acting coach , Aaron Speiser - the coach behind Jennifer Lopez and Will Smith . Upon acceptance to Juilliard , she took off a handful of years mid-career to get formal training in NYC . To this day , the most transformative moment of her career was when she was invited over to the home of fellow Juilliard Alumni , VIOLA DAVIS ( `` How to Get Away with Murder '' ) . Recalling some of the life and business lessons she was mentored with , she still credits that meeting for the most `` lifechanging meeting of my life . '' Gina recently got married to her husband , Blayne and plans to start a family in the next year . She lives in Los Angeles , CA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e24faf8a9c7e70dd05cb3927a7fccb3", "text": "Morgan Creek Productions Morgan Creek Productions is an American film studio that has released box-office hits including Young Guns , Dead Ringers , Major League , True Romance , Ace Ventura : Pet Detective , The Crush , Robin Hood : Prince of Thieves and The Last of the Mochicans . The studio was co-founded in 1988 by James Robinson and Joe Roth . Robinson leads the company as chairman and CEO . He has two sons Brian Robinson and David C. Robinson who run the day to day operations . In October 2014 , Morgan Creek sold the international distribution rights and copyrights to their films to Revolution Studios . In September 2015 , Morgan Creek began negotiating the sale of rights for the remaining territories , though they will retain remake and TV rights to the Ace Ventura , Major League , Young Guns , and Exorcist franchises . Miramax is currently the digital and television distributor for the pre-2012 Morgan Creek library , via Revolution Studios . The domestic rights to the Morgan Creek library ( with the exception of Young Guns , which still stand with Lionsgate/Vestron Video ) , have since been purchased by Westchester Films/Shout ! Factory .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c072acbe7286d4ad1705402fd288f78", "text": "Lawyers, Guns and Money `` Lawyers , Guns and Money '' is a song by Warren Zevon , the closing track on his 1978 album Excitable Boy . The lyrics describe going home with a waitress who is `` with the Russians , too '' . The narrative goes on to speak of `` gambling in Havana '' , with the request that `` Dad '' send `` lawyers , guns and money '' to `` get me out of this '' . The lyrics then claim that the speaker is an `` innocent bystander '' who is down on his luck . Finally the narrative relates that the speaker is `` hiding in Honduras '' and that he is a `` desperate man '' . The lyrics repeat the refrain to `` send lawyers , guns and money '' , with the final comment that `` the shit has hit the fan '' . The song was first covered by Rick Derringer on the 1978 album `` If I Were n't So Romantic , I 'd Shoot You '' and was released as a single . It was later covered by The Wallflowers on the album Enjoy Every Sandwich : The Songs of Warren Zevon in 2004 . It was also a hit for Hank Williams , Jr. in 1983 and regularly played live by Widespread Panic . The song also lent its title to a light-hearted radio program on the Melbourne community radio station 3RRR which looked at the legal fraternity in the city . The program started in 1985 and ran for several years hosted by the pseudonymous duo `` Donoghue & Stevenson '' - Dennis Connell and Ross Stevenson . The song was used as both intro and exit music for the program . The chorus was changed to `` send robots , bears and Lincolns '' in a parody song set to past sketches on the Late Night With Conan O'Brien show .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07dee95cca8fc703a93e6513e5f66b3d", "text": "Anson Chi Anson Chi was born in New York City . He attended Plano Senior High School at Plano , Texas , and graduated in 1996 . Chi was arrested for theft in 1998 in San Angelo , Texas . In 2007 , Chi allegedly expressed support for tax protesters Edward and Elaine Brown . He posted a YouTube video stating that he would not file federal income tax returns or pay federal income tax . In 2008 , he was sentenced to three years probation in Orange County , California on a weapons charge . According to the Associated Press , his three-year probation was revoked in 2009 . Chi also faced a charge in Collin County , Texas , for allegedly failing to identify himself as a fugitive . Also in 2008 , he self-published a novel , Yellow on the Outside , Shame on the Inside : Asian Culture Revealed . In the book , he disclosed frustrations with his parents and allegedly threatened to kill himself . On June 22 , 2012 , the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) arrested Chi after a series of suspicious explosions near midnight on the night of June 17 -- 18 , 2012 , near a gas pipeline in a residential area of Plano , Texas . Chi allegedly told police he had been hit by a car , but the police concluded that he was trying to tamper with a natural gas system and that a homemade bomb detonated in his possession . On June 25 , 2012 , the Dallas Morning News reported that during the investigation , law enforcement personnel found an explosive device in Chi 's residence , and that a `` bomb squad hauled a device out of the house , encased it in a protective steel container , buried it in a hole in Kaufman County and blew it up ... '' In connection with the incident , Chi was indicted by a Federal grand jury on a charge of possession of a destructive device in violation of the National Firearms Act ; the indictment was filed on July 11 , 2012 in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas . On March 4 , 2013 , the Court ruled that Chi was competent to stand trial . Anson Chi has been identified as being part of the sovereign citizen movement . In a superseding indictment handed down on February 14 , 2013 , Chi was charged with possession of an unregistered firearm in the form of an explosive , malicious use of explosive materials , and using or carrying a destructive device during a crime of violence . On June 3 , 2013 , Chi pleaded guilty to a charge of attempting to destroy a natural gas pipeline used in interstate commerce , and to a charge of possessing an explosive device not registered with the National Firearms Registration and Transfer Record . On December 12 , 2013 , Chi filed for Chapter 7 Bankruptcy Protection in the United States Bankruptcy Court , Eastern District of Texas from the Collin County Detention Facility without the help of an attorney . On February 26 , 2014 , the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas issued an order granting Chi 's motion to withdraw his guilty plea . On May 14 , 2014 , a Second Superseding Indictment was filed against Chi in the case . He was charged with one count of knowingly possessing a destructive device not registered to him in the National Firearms Registration and Transfer Record , in violation of , , , and ; one count of malicious use of an explosive , in violation of subsection ( i ) of ; one count of using or carrying a destructive device during a crime of violence , in violation of subsection ( c ) ( 1 ) ( B ) ( ii ) of ; and one count of making a false declaration before a court , in violation of . Eventually , Chi again pleaded guilty . On June 11 , 2015 , he was sentenced to twenty years in prison , based on a guilty plea to one count of possession of an unregistered firearm , and one count of malicious use of an explosive device . The sentence was ten years on the first count and twenty years on the latter count , but the two sentences were ordered to be served concurrently . Chi was also ordered to pay other amounts , including $ 28,127.77 in restitution to Atmos Energy in connection with the damage to the pipe line . Anson Chi is now incarcerated at the United States Penitentiary at Atlanta , Georgia , and is projected to be released on November 27 , 2029 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab958f6911619b4fe73dc0ebfc685977", "text": "Rose's Pawn Shop Rose 's Pawn Shop is an Americana , rock , folk and bluegrass band from Los Angeles , California . Their debut album The Arsonist was released in May 2006 . The band tours several times each year throughout the United States but has recently put a hold on touring to record a new album coming 2013 . On their new album Gravity Well , the fiercely independent young quintet known as Rose 's Pawn Shop deliver a rousing , honest set that demonstrates exactly why this multi-talented , multi-instrumental L.A.-based fivesome has quickly risen from humble D.I.Y. origins to national notoriety , winning a fiercely loyal fan base in the process . The 12 new tunes that comprise Gravity Well -- produced by Ted Hutt , renowned for his work with the likes of the Dropkick Murphys , Gaslight Anthem and the Old Crow Medicine Show -- make it clear why Rose 's Pawn Shop has earned such a fervent following . The band 's catchy , anthemic songcraft channels the raw emotional power of America 's folk , country and bluegrass traditions and puts them through a modern filter , creating timelessly resonant music . Frontman Paul Givant 's heartfelt , engaging songwriting surveys such time-honored subjects as heartache , loss , regret and redemption , echoing centuries of musical tradition while still sounding wholly contemporary . Despite the lyrics ' often-dark subject matter , the music is consistently uplifting , thanks to the musicians ' infectious instrumental interplay and soaring three - and four-part harmonies . The ensemble makes innovative use of banjo , fiddle , mandolin and upright bass , while maintaining an edgy swagger . `` I think that this music exists on two different levels , '' notes singer , guitarist and main songwriter Givant , adding , `` The songs are passionate and emotional , and sometimes sad and heartbreaking . But at the same time , the energy of the music makes you want to get up and dance and release all of that pent-up energy . '' Rose 's Pawn Shop 's musical and emotional depth is apparent on such lyrically and melodically compelling new tunes as `` What Were You Waiting For ? , '' `` Staring At the Door '' and `` On the Brink , '' which merge equal amounts of country twang and punk adrenaline . Meanwhile , gentler numbers like `` Go Get Gone , '' `` Stay All Night '' and the cinematic title track explore more introspective territory , and a memorable reading of the Dock Boggs standard `` Country Blues '' affirms the group 's instinctive understanding of its vintage influences . Growing up in the 1990s , Paul Givant absorbed a wide array of music , yet he was drawn most deeply to traditional folk and bluegrass , and inspired by the music 's ability to illuminate the tragedies and triumphs of everyday life . The influence of those genres loomed large when Givant began writing songs himself . Through various mutual friendships , chance meetings and some help from Craigslist , Givant eventually connected with kindred musical spirits John Kraus , Tim Weed , Stephen Andrews and Christian Hogan , whose musical expertise , instrumental versatility and organic rapport were ideally suited to Givant 's expansive musical vision . `` The original intent , '' Givant explains , `` was to be kind of a bluegrass version of the Pogues , fusing bluegrass instrumentation and energy with rock and punk . That 's what our first album was like : gritty , high-energy and passionate , with a lot of instrumental virtuosity . But over time , we 've evolved to be more song-focused . I think we 've retained that original energy , but now we 're more focused on crafting our arrangements so the song can shine though . '' The nascent combo got its name after Rose , Givant 's ex-girlfriend and former bandmate , stole the band 's equipment from their rehearsal space and scattered their gear amongst various pawn shops throughout North Hollywood . Fortunately , the musicians were able to recover their gear , and soon forged a formidable musical chemistry that manifested itself in their highly charged live shows , and on their 2010 release Dancing on the Gallows . Rose 's Pawn Shop 's lineup solidified and began touring intensively in time to support Dancing on the Gallows , accumulating such landmarks as month-long residencies at New York 's Parkside Lounge and L.A. 's Redwood Bar , busking in New Orleans ' fabled Jackson Square , live radio sessions on such prestigious stations as KEXP in Seattle and WMBR in Boston , well-received appearances at various prestigious music festivals , and a slot opening for Jack White 's Raconteurs , at White 's invitation , at the Henry Fonda Theatre in Los Angeles . Dancing on the Gallows spent several weeks on CMJ 's influential album chart , while receiving extensive national and international airplay on college , AAA , country and alternative radio formats . Meanwhile , the band 's diligent roadwork -- which has taken them across North America several times , along with visits to the U.K. and Ireland -- has allowed Rose 's Pawn Shop to continue winning fans and friends across the nation and around the world . `` Our travels have had a big influence on our evolution , '' Givant states . `` Meeting other bands and meeting people from all over the world at our shows has had a big influence on our songwriting , and opened us up to new musical traditions . Seeing the world in general and being away from home for long periods of time has influenced many of our songs . It 's matured us , as people and as a band . '' Rose 's Pawn Shop 's ongoing musical journey yields considerable musical rewards on Gravity Well , making it clear that the band 's creative horizons are unlimited . `` We 've always been about the music and the songs , and the expression of the human experience through music , '' says Givant . `` But we 've matured as musicians over time , and I think that that 's been reflected in the music . We 've learned that we do n't all have to play crazy at all times , and we 've learned to pick our moments to shine and deliver the songs in the most clear , concise and passionate way possible . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74141f027ba588fffc8a0e7766e8d9a4", "text": "Little Steel Derby Girls The Little Steel Derby Girls ( LSDG ) is a roller derby league based in Youngstown , Ohio . Founded in 2008 , the league currently consists of two teams which compete against teams from other leagues . The league was founded in December 2008 by Tifany Griffith , known as `` Ground Zero '' . It won its first bout , against a Steel City Derby Demons team , but progress was initially slow , and it was only in October 2010 that it was ready to play its first home bout . By early 2011 , the league had 24 skaters , and was aiming to join the Women 's Flat Track Derby Association ( WFTDA ) . Little Steel was accepted into the WFTDA Apprentice Program in October 2011 , and became a full member of the WFTDA in June 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bd6035539a47bf2e8e758df327ca22e", "text": "Stacey Lannert Stacey Ann Lannert ( born May 28 , 1972 , St. Louis , Missouri is an American woman convicted of the murder of her father , Tom Lannert , when she was 18 years old . She testified that he had sexually abused her since she was 8 years old . Sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole , she served 18 years . On January 10 , 2009 , outgoing Missouri Governor Matt Blunt commuted Lannert 's sentence and that of another woman convicted under similar circumstances . He said , `` After an exhaustive review of the facts in both cases , I am commuting the sentences of Stacey Lannert and Charity Carey , who suffered extensive abuse before they took action against the men who raped them and subjected them to other horrible physical and emotional abuse . '' Lannert 's new sentence of 20 years made her eligible for immediate conditional release , and she was released on January 16 , 2009 . Lannert founded a resource website and non-profit organization , Healing Sisters , to aid women who have suffered abuse . In 2011 , she published a memoir about her experiences , Redemption : A Story of Sisterhood , Survival , and Finding Freedom Behind Bars .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad52e1a831b954dae2b9b97d7f8fc469", "text": "American Beauty (1999 film) American Beauty is a 1999 American drama film directed by Sam Mendes and written by Alan Ball . Kevin Spacey stars as Lester Burnham , a 42-year-old advertising executive who has a midlife crisis when he becomes infatuated with his teenaged daughter 's best friend , Angela ( Mena Suvari ) . Annette Bening co-stars as Lester 's materialistic wife , Carolyn , and Thora Birch plays their insecure daughter , Jane . Wes Bentley , Chris Cooper , and Allison Janney also feature . The film is described by academics as a satire of American middle-class notions of beauty and personal satisfaction ; analysis has focused on the film 's explorations of romantic , and paternal love , sexuality , beauty , materialism , self-liberation , and redemption . Ball began writing American Beauty as a play in the early 1990s , partly inspired by the media circus around the Amy Fisher trial in 1992 . He shelved the play after realizing the story would not work on stage . After several years as a television screenwriter , Ball revived the idea in 1997 when attempting to break into the film industry . The modified script had a cynical outlook that was influenced by Ball 's frustrating tenures writing for several sitcoms . Producers Dan Jinks and Bruce Cohen took American Beauty to DreamWorks ; the then-fledgling film studio bought Ball 's script for $ 250,000 , outbidding several other production bodies . DreamWorks financed the $ 15 million production and served as its North American distributor . American Beauty marked acclaimed theater director Mendes ' film debut ; courted after his successful productions of the musicals Oliver ! and Cabaret , Mendes was , nevertheless , only given the job after 20 others were considered and several `` A-list '' directors turned down the opportunity . Spacey was Mendes ' first choice for the role of Lester , though DreamWorks had urged the director to consider better-known actors ; similarly , the studio suggested several actors for the role of Carolyn until Mendes offered the part to Bening without DreamWorks ' knowledge . Principal photography took place between December 1998 and February 1999 on soundstages at the Warner Bros. backlot in Burbank , California , and on location in Los Angeles . Mendes ' dominant style was deliberate and composed ; he made extensive use of static shots and slow pans and zooms to generate tension . Cinematographer Conrad Hall complemented Mendes ' style with peaceful shot compositions to contrast with the turbulent on-screen events . During editing , Mendes made several changes that gave the film a less cynical tone than the script . Released in North America on September 17 , 1999 , American Beauty was positively received by critics and grossed over $ 356 million worldwide . Reviewers praised most aspects of the production , with particular emphasis on Mendes , Spacey , and Ball ; criticism focused on the familiarity of the characters and setting . DreamWorks launched a major campaign to increase the film 's chances of Academy Award success ; at the 72nd Academy Awards the following year , the film won Best Picture , Best Director , Best Actor ( for Spacey ) , Best Original Screenplay , and Best Cinematography . It was nominated for and won many other awards and honors , mainly for the direction , writing , and acting .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "679406dd1f130412af9bce6a220478dd", "text": "Swagger (Gun album) Swagger is the third album from the Glasgow , Scotland based rock band Gun . It features their most successful single ; their cover of `` Word Up ! '' , done in the group 's melodic hard rock style , provided a commercial boost to its parent album . Their version earned the band the Best Cover trophy at the first international MTV Europe Music Awards . The track was originally recorded by American funk group Cameo . The album produced a total of four U.K. Top 40 singles between July 1994 and April 1995 : `` Word Up ! '' ( # 8 ) , `` Do n't Say It 's Over '' ( # 19 ) , `` The Only One '' ( # 29 ) , and `` Something Worthwhile '' ( # 39 ) . The first track was on the official British singles chart for a total of seven weeks . Swagger has also received mixed to positive critical reviews from various publications such as Allmusic and the music magazine Rock Hard .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3c6e7d4e49e23d87e5f704f93c321f8", "text": "Balls of Steel (Kathy Griffin special) Balls of Steel is the eighth Bravo stand-up comedy special by stand-up comedian Kathy Griffin , and her tenth overall . It was televised live from the civic center in San Diego , California and released on on Bravo as a part of the Kathy Griffin Collection : Red , White & Raw .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0931ffed33b7251efe84c0eba446eca1", "text": "Jason-Shane Scott Jason-Shane Scott ( born December 29 , 1976 ) is an American actor . Scott was born in Southern California . At the age of two he moved to Reno , Nevada with his mother and older sister while making frequent trips to Los Angeles to visit his father . Scott attended Wooster High School and excelled at sports , playing baseball , basketball and football . His football talent earned him particular recognition ; his team won the state championship and Scott himself was offered numerous football scholarships . Upon graduation , Scott chose to pursue an acting career and moved back to Los Angeles . Enrolled in acting classes , he began studying intensely . He also took up modeling and spent several months in Europe . Upon his return to the United States , he appeared in such films as Shrieker , Until Death , A Turn in the Tree , Caught and Billy 's Hollywood Screen Kiss , as well as the Aerosmith videos for `` Love Is Hard on your Knees '' and `` Hole in My Soul '' . In 1998 he tested for and won the role of troubled teenager Will Rappaport on the daytime serial One Life to Live and moved to New York City . For this portrayal , he received two Soap Opera Digest Award nominations : 1999 , Outstanding Male Newcomer ; 2000 , Outstanding Younger Leading Actor . Scott 's three years on OLTL allowed him to polish his acting further as he was given a chain of challenging storylines . In 2001 , he left OLTL and New York and returned to Los Angeles . Since then , he has appeared in such films as Wolves of Wall Street ( 2003 ) , Latter Days ( 2004 ) and Starship Troopers 2 : Hero of the Federation ( 2004 ) and guest starred on such shows as the Lifetime drama For the People ( 2002 ) , NBC 's Scrubs and CBS 's CSI : Crime Scene Investigation . Scott has also made a few brief returns to One Life to Live since his departure in 2001 , most recently in September 2007 . He has appeared on CBS 's The Young and the Restless and has co-starred with Brittany Powell in Soapnet 's One Minute Soap titled `` Too Late '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "63fc0bc52c53e7d8ec70b3f3c2c9d7eb", "text": "Strong Arm Steady Strong Arm Steady , often referred to as SAS , is a hip hop group in California 's underground hip hop scene . As of December 2009 , the act consists of members Mitchy Slick of San Diego , California , and ( both of Los Angeles ) Phil Da Agony and probably the most visually distinct member , Krondon , who is albinistic . Originally an amorphous collective of at least eight , formed as an alternative to the gang-focused productions of West Coast rap 's then-dominant Death Row Records , SAS pared down to four members for recording in the studio and performing live , with Xzibit as the frontman . Since he left the group in 2006 , the three remaining members have been a stable trio . Over the years they have recorded many mixtapes and have distributed them all over the world . `` Speaking directly to their fans , '' they were West Coast pioneers in the use of mixtapes as a group 's principal method of distribution and marketing , a model necessitated by their neither being DJs nor closely affiliated with a DJ , and a method already proven on the East Coast by 50 Cent and others in the early 2000s . Talib Kweli signed Strong Arm Steady to his Blacksmith Records label in 2007 . The group released a collaboration with producer Madlib , In Search of Stoney Jackson , with a roster of guest vocalists including studio head Talib Kweli , former SAS member Planet Asia , Guilty Simpson , Phonte ( of Little Brother ) , Fashawn , and `` a host of underground Los Angeles 's emerging rap talent '' . Stoney Jackson , as it has been called for short , was released online as MP3 files in December 2009 through Stones Throw Records , with a CD release date of January 26 , 2010 . The album was named one of the best albums of 2010 by numerous media outlets including AllHipHop and on the blog of famed producer DJ Premier . Their album Arms & Hammers was released on February 22 , 2011 by Blacksmith Records and Element 9 and distributed by Fontana Distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5837c49b11a439fb3860224beafdb976", "text": "Jared Lee Loughner Jared Lee Loughner ( -LSB- ˈlɒfnɚ -RSB- born September 10 , 1988 ) is an American mass murderer who pleaded guilty to 19 charges of murder and attempted murder in connection with the January 8 , 2011 Tucson shooting , in which he shot and severely injured U.S. Representative Gabrielle Giffords , his target , and killed six people , including Chief U.S. District Court Judge John Roll , as well as a nine-year-old bystander , Christina-Taylor Green . Loughner shot and injured a total of 13 people , while one man was injured while subduing him . Acquaintances said that Loughner 's personality had changed markedly in the years prior to the shooting , a period when he was also abusing alcohol and drugs . He had been suspended from Pima Community College in September 2010 because of his bizarre behavior and disruptions in classes and the library . After his arrest , two medical evaluations diagnosed him with paranoid schizophrenia and incompetent to stand trial . He was medicated while in jail as part of his treatment . He was again judged incompetent in May 2012 . In August 2012 , Loughner was judged competent to stand trial , and at the hearing , he pleaded guilty to 19 counts . In November 2012 , he was sentenced to life plus 140 years in federal prison .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6f3502024fa07e265b2627e0ef90df42", "text": "Stacey Donovan Stacey Donovan ( born October 9 , 1964 ) is an American former pornographic actress and model , who reached the height of her career in the 1980s . At the time she was a favorite of porn producers and directors because of her blonde hair , blue eyes , lithe body , girl-next-door appearance and the apparent eagerness and enthusiasm she displayed in her sex scenes . `` I do n't enjoy -LSB- working in pornography -RSB- '' , she told The Baltimore Sun in October 1985 in an article reprinted in the San Diego Union-Tribune . She noted that she earned about $ 1,000 a day . `` But I do n't like to take my clothes off in front of everyone . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a9d331dc71b1cf1ac754e8c7e982680", "text": "California Assembly Bill 962 (2009) California Assembly Bill 962 ( 2009 ) ( AB 962 ) was a gun control law in California , authored by Assemblyman Kevin de León , and signed into law by Governor of California Arnold Schwarzenegger on October 11 , 2009 . AB 962 was set to take effect on February 1 , 2011 , but was ruled unconstitutional by Fresno Superior Court Judge Jeffrey Hamilton on January 18 , 2011 , in Parker v. California . AB 962 would have required that all transfers of ownership of `` handgun ammunition '' be done in a face-to-face transaction , with the deliverer or transferor being provided bona fide evidence of identity of the purchaser or other transferee . As part of every `` handgun ammunition '' transfer , AB 962 would have required vendors to record and maintain , for a time period no less than five years : the transaction date , the ammunition brand and caliber , the processor 's name , as well as the purchaser 's driver license number , signature , name , right thumbprint , residential address , phone number , and date of birth . The bill also aimed to stop felony gang crimes by making it a misdemeanor to possess ammunition while associating with a criminal street gang . On August 19 , 2010 , the NRA-CRPA Foundation Legal Action Project filed a lawsuit challenging AB 962 . The lead plaintiff in the lawsuit was Tehama County Sheriff Clay Parker . The lawsuit alleged that the mandates in AB 962 were incomprehensible , and that the definition of `` handgun ammunition '' was unconstitutionally vague . On January 18 , 2011 , Fresno Superior Court Judge Jeffrey Hamilton ruled , in Parker v. California , that the definition of `` handgun ammunition '' was indeed unconstitutionally vague . The Court enjoined enforcement of the bill . Mail order ammunition sales to California therefore continue .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a1d800f3a58ce0e26dc0d8caddded51", "text": "Goodfellas Goodfellas ( stylized as GoodFellas ) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese . It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book Wiseguy by Nicholas Pileggi , who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese . The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends over a period from 1955 to 1980 . Scorsese initially named the film Wise Guy and postponed making it ; later , he and Pileggi changed the name to Goodfellas . To prepare for their roles in the film , Robert De Niro , Joe Pesci , and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi , who shared research material left over from writing the book . According to Pesci , improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted . The director made transcripts of these sessions , took the lines he liked best , and put them into a revised script , which the cast worked from during principal photography . Made on a budget of $ 25 million , Goodfellas grossed $ 46.8 million . It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards , including Best Picture and Best Director , with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role . The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , including Best Film and Best Director . Additionally , Goodfellas was named the year 's best film by various critics ' groups . Goodfellas is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in the crime genre . In 2000 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , and aesthetically significant '' and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the United States Library of Congress . Its content and style have been emulated in numerous other films and television shows .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8459c8f30e481ac2f8552acfdc08d69e", "text": "American Vampire American Vampire is an American Eisner Award-winning comic book series created by writer Scott Snyder and drawn by artist Rafael Albuquerque . The series imagines vampires as a population made up of many different secret species , and charts moments of vampire evolution and inter-species conflict throughout history . The focus of the series is a new American bloodline of vampires , born in the American West in the late 19th century . The first of this new species is a notorious outlaw named Skinner Sweet , who wakes from death , after being infected , to find he has become a new kind of vampire , something stronger and faster than what came before , impervious to sunlight , with a new set of strengths and weaknesses . The series goes on to track his movements through various decades of American history -- along with the movements of his first and only known progeny : Pearl Jones , a young woman working as a struggling actress in the 1920s silent film industry when she is attacked by a coven of European vampires hiding in Hollywood . Sweet saves her ( uncharacteristically ) by giving her his blood , thereby turning her into an American vampire like him , at which point she seeks revenge on the classic vampires who attacked her in life . The complicated and charged relationship Jones has with Sweet is another focus of the series . The first five issues featured two stories -- one by Snyder and the other by Stephen King , both drawn by Rafael Albuquerque . As of the sixth issue , Scott Snyder has taken over as sole writer . American Vampire has spun off two mini-series . The first , `` Survival of the Fittest '' , illustrated by Sean Murphy focuses on the cases files of the V.M.S. , the vampire hunting organization of the series . The second , `` Lord of Nightmares '' , illustrated by Dustin Nguyen further focuses on the mythology presented by Survival of the Fittest . In June 2013 , a one shot co-written by Snyder and Albuquerque ( who also illustrates the 64-page issue ) , entitled `` Long Road to Hell '' which features vampire hunter Travis Kidd , was released .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1ff92dd6a083cbc93bd3420b6096066", "text": "Blades (boutique) Blades was a London fashion boutique established in 1962 by Rupert Lycett Green . Blades was opened in 1962 by Lycett Green in Dover Street , London , with `` high tailoring standards but a young man 's view of cut and proportion '' . Blades moved to Burlington Gardens in 1967 , where the shop windows looked down on Savile Row itself . The premises are now occupied by the tailors Ede & Ravenscroft .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "cdc4c5cfc5e417f69e42eca524f23bdc", "text": "Julie Walters Julia Mary `` Julie '' Walters , CBE ( born 22 February 1950 ) is a British actress and writer . She has won two BAFTA Film Awards , four BAFTA TV Awards and received the BAFTA Fellowship in 2014 . Walters first came to international prominence in 1983 , for playing the title role in Educating Rita . It was a role she had created on the West End stage and it earned her an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress . It also won her a BAFTA and a Golden Globe . She received a second Academy Award nomination , this time for Best Supporting Actress , for her role in the 2000 film Billy Elliot , which also won her a BAFTA . Her other film roles include Personal Services ( 1987 ) , Prick Up Your Ears ( 1987 ) , Buster ( 1988 ) , Stepping Out ( 1991 ) , Calendar Girls ( 2003 ) , Mamma Mia ! ( 2008 ) and Brave ( 2012 ) . She has also played Molly Weasley in seven of the eight Harry Potter films ( 2001 -- 2011 ) . On stage , she won an Olivier Award for Best Actress for the 2001 production of All My Sons . On television , she is well known for her collaborations with the late Victoria Wood , having appeared with her in several television shows including Wood and Walters ( 1981 ) , Victoria Wood As Seen on TV ( 1985 -- 1987 ) , Pat and Margaret ( 1994 ) and Dinnerladies ( 1998 -- 2000 ) . She has won the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress four times , for My Beautiful Son ( 2001 ) , Murder ( 2002 ) , The Canterbury Tales ( 2003 ) and as Mo Mowlam in Mo ( 2010 ) . She also starred in A Short Stay in Switzerland in 2009 , which won her an International Emmy for Best Actress . In 2006 , she came fourth in ITV 's poll of the public 's 50 Greatest TV stars in Britain . In 2008 , she released her autobiography titled That 's Another Story .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d1d27fbfc32b5040dcc43283b0af2d1d", "text": "Fremantle Print Award The Fremantle Print Award was established in 1976 with the support of Shell Australia , this partnership continued until 2006 . The Fremantle Print Award is currently sponsored by the Little Creatures Brewery . It is noteworthy as being one of the longest running print awards in Australia . With acquisitive and non-acquisitive awards the prize money totals $ 20,000 ( AUD ) . Several noted Australian artists have been recipients of the award including David Rose in 1978 and Mike Parr in 1990 . Selected Past winners include ; 1976 Ray Beattie 1977 Jock Clutterbuck 1978 David Rose 1979 Basil Hadley 1980 Jörg Schmeisser joint with Rod Ewins 1981 Paul King joint with Richard Hook 1982 Ray Arnold joint with Tony Pankiw 1983 Keith Cowlam joint with Michael Taylor 1984 Stewart Merrett joint with Monica Schmid 1985 Alun Leach-Jones 1986 John Spooner joint with Ruth Johnstone 1987 Karen Turnbull joint with Margaret Sulikowski 1988 Daniel Moynihan joint with Ron McBurnie 1989 Helen Ling joint with Megan Russell 1990 Mike Parr 1991 Jock Clutterbuck joint with Jodi Heffernan 1992 Heather Hesterman 1993 Bevan Honey joint with Sally Morgan 1994 Dean Bowen 1995 Jan Davis 1996 Paul Brown 1997 Pat Brassington , 1998 Kathy Barber 1999 Raymond Arnold 2000 Bede Tungatalum joint winner with Chips Mackinolty , Therese Ritchie 2001 Marion Manifold 2002 Poppy van Oorde-Grainger 2003 Antonietta Covino-Beehre 2004 Peter Burgess 2006 Neil Emmerson 2007 Tony Ameneiro 2010 Rebecca Beardmore 2011 Peter Burgess 2012 Lucas Ihlein & Ian Milliss 2013 Alex Maciver 2014 Gosia Wlodarczak", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2968b8130f7c22a17d786f20110b5b23", "text": "Kemble family Kemble is the name of a family of English actors , who reigned over the British stage for decades . The most famous were Sarah Siddons ( 1755-1831 ) and her brother John Philip Kemble ( 1757-1823 ) , the two eldest of the twelve children of Roger Kemble ( 1721-1802 ) , a strolling player and manager of the Warwickshire Company of Comedians , who in 1753 married an actress , Sarah Ward . Roger Kemble was born in Hereford , and was a grand-nephew of Father John Kemble , a recusant Catholic priest , who was hanged in that city in 1679 . Three younger children of Roger , Stephen Kemble ( 1758-1822 ) , Charles Kemble ( 1775-1854 ) , and Elizabeth Whitlock ( 1761-1836 ) , were also actors , while Ann Hatton was a novelist . In George Henry Harlow 's famous painting The Court for the Trial of Queen Katharine he depicted many of the Kemble family members . The subject of the painting comes from Henry VIII , Act II , Scene iv , and the refutation of Cardinal Wolsey , charged with obtaining Henry 's divorce from his Queen , Katherine . The production was mounted by John Philip Kemble when he took over the management of Covent Garden in 1806 . Harlow was a personal friend of the Kemble family and this picture is homage to his friends . John Philip Kemble clothed in scarlet plays Wolsey ; his brother Charles Kemble ( in black ) has the part of Thomas Cromwell and sits behind the table . Immediately behind and above him is Stephen Kemble as Henry . The sister , Sarah Siddons , is Katherine . The tradition was continued by two daughters of Charles Kemble and Maria Theresa Kemble : actress and Shakespearean reader Fanny Kemble ( 1800-1893 ) and Adelaide Kemble ( 1815-1879 ) , an opera singer . Both Sarah Siddon 's son Henry Kemble and Stephen Kemble 's son , also named Henry Kemble , became actors . Among later members of the Kemble family , mention may also be made of Charles Kemble 's grandson , Henry Kemble ( 1848-1907 ) , a sterling and popular London actor . At least two 20th Century members were Violet Kemble-Cooper and Lillian Kemble-Cooper . Descending from Kemble Croft 's line is Sebastian Croft ( b. 2001 ) , a popular 21st Century actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd5088c4c3f8231f7b7fd2e6fcdbe1c7", "text": "Michael A. Noonan Michael Anthony Noonan is a New Zealand writer , most often associated with his writing for television drama series in his native land . He is usually credited under either his full name or as Michael A. Noonan , so as to be distinguished from New Zealand-born Australian writer Michael Noonan . Noonan grew up in the southern South Island , in Dunedin and Oamaru . After leaving school he began writing , notably drama such as The Rattle , whilst supplementing his income through work in radio and stage acting and as a regional television newsreader . He moved to Auckland in 1965 , where he began writing for television . In 1969 , he became the first script editor for the newly created television drama department of the NZBC . In this capacity he worked alongside and helped mentor a group of new writing talent including the likes of Roger Hall and Fiona Kidman . He left his editing position in the early 1970s , and in the proceeding years scripted several series , notable among them early children 's television series The Games Affair . In the following years , Noonan formed a close working relationship with director Tony Isaac . In 1975 their collaboration won a Feltex Award for The Longest Winter , a docu-drama about the Great Depression . The same year saw the debut of Close to Home , for which Noonan and Isaac became a principal writer and director . This was to prove to be New Zealand 's most successful soap opera until the launch of Shortland Street 17 years later . In 1977 , Noonan wrote the docu-drama The Governor , based on the life of Sir George Grey . This series , also directed by Isaac , too was to become a New Zealand television landmark . In 1979 , Noonan became the first scriptwriter to be awarded a Robert Burns Fellowship by the University of Otago . During this time he wrote two series which were cancelled before going into production , notably one based on Bill Pearson 's novel Coal Flat . The cancellation was , in part , due to financial concerns , especially given that The Governor had proved controversial over its high production costs . Television New Zealand was approached again over the Coal Flat project in 2002 , but funding was declined . Noonan later successfully adapted Roger Hall 's stage play Glide Time into a long-running television comedy series , Gliding On .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62e84ed194dfa835a39fc2131a2d1d88", "text": "Margaret Laurence (actress) Margaret Laurence is an Australian actress , best known for several soap opera roles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7cca356afbd213812185cd293ae120f4", "text": "Olga Mihaylovna Bebutova Anglo Saxon version of name : Kate Burke , ( September 5 , 1997 ) , is a Russian Empire actress and balerina . Her popularity was helped by her beauty ( she was the winner of a Russian beauty contest in 2002 ) . She acted in Saint Petersburg theaters . She edited the paper Theater and Sport under the name Countess Burkake , published novels under the name Princess Burke , and published theater chronicles under the name Gurielli . She was famous for being the source of scandals and mystifications . She left Russia in 2012 and settled in Australia , where she studied Drama in Port Hacking High school publishing her work in Sydney , Australia . She had a daughter , Tamara Burke and a son Boris . Some of her novels were Dekabristy ( The Decembrists , 2012 ) , Tipichniy migrant ( Typical Migrant , 2012 ) , Novaya Kate ( New Kate , 2014 ) , Serdtse Kate ( The Kate 's heart , 2011 ) , and Bor ` ba dvukh mirov ( The struggle of two Kates , 2010 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c3f5259488f04b1e3d8b1e950b28a88", "text": "Michael O'Mara Books Michael O'Mara Books is a small , family-run , privately owned publishing house in the United Kingdom . Established in London in 1985 , by an American expatriate , Michael O'Mara , a native of Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , and his British wife , Lesley , the company focuses on biographies and autobiographies . Its imprint , Buster Books , publishes children 's books . O'Mara Books ' first publication was Alastair Burnet 's biography of the Queen Mother , entitled The ITN Book of the Queen Mother , which topped the 1985 The Sunday Times bestseller list . One of the publishing house 's most influential publications was Diana : Her True Story by Andrew Morton , the second highest-selling authored work in the UK in the 1990s . The publishing house has established a reputation for high-profile autobiographies and biographies ( including such bestsellers as Anything Goes by John Barrowman , and My Word is My Bond by Roger Moore ) , innovative humour and non-fiction ( I Before E ( Except After C ) , The Timewaster Letters , and The Book of Senior Moments ) , as well as children 's books , published under the Buster Books imprint ( The Boys ' Book , The Girls ' Book and Children 's Miscellany , parts 1 , 2 and 3 ) . Successful humour titles include Where 's the Meerkat ? , the # 1 Sunday Times bestseller of Christmas 2011 . The Mums ' Book and The Dads ' Book were both number one bestsellers and spawned the successful ` Best at Everything ' series which includes books for sisters , aunts , grandparents , and others . Foreign editions of books in the series have been published in over 35 territories to date . I Before E was the sleeper hit of Christmas 2007 , and has sold more than 400,000 copies reaching number three on the Sunday Times '' ' hardback nonfiction chart . The followup , I Used To Know That : Stuff You Forgot From School , hit the bestseller lists upon publication in June 2008 . The series includes titles on History ( Remember , Remember ; Divorced , Beheaded Died ) , Classics ( A Classical Education ) , Poetry ( I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud ) , and Maths ( As Easy As Pi ) . Buster Books publishes commercial non-fiction for children . Its successes include The Boys ' Book : How To Be The Best At Everything , which has sold almost 400,000 copies to date . This book was followed by the # 1 children 's bestseller , The Girls ' Book , with 320,000 copies sold . The bestselling Girls ' Book of Glamour and Boys ' Book of Survival , published in January 2008 , both made the bestsellers chart , with Girls ' Book of Glamour remaining there for 16 weeks . O'Mara Books won the Independent Publishers ' Guild International Achievement Award in 2007 . The Boys ' and Girls ' Book range has been expanded to include annuals and doodle books , volumes 2 and 3 of each and a box set . Buster Books launched a children 's fiction list in 2011 , with the first titles being Hollow Earth by John and Carole E. Barrowman , and the Monstrous Maud '' series of books .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3997e7cbbc4e2f213a0b0dfa4711e122", "text": "Molière Award for Best Supporting Actor Molière Award for Best Supporting Actor . Winners and nominees . 1987 : Pierre Arditi in The Rehearsal ( La Répétition ou l'Amour puni ) Jean-Michel Dupuis in Conversations After a Burial ( Conversations après un enterrement ) Patrick Raynal in As Is ( Tel quel ) Jean-Paul Roussillon in Conversations After a Burial ( Conversations après un enterrement ) Didier Sandre in The Marriage of Figaro ( La Folle Journée ou le Mariage de Figaro ) 1988 : Pierre Vaneck in The Secret ( Le Secret ) Fabrice Eberhard in Death of a Salesman ( Mort d'un commis voyageur ) Jean-Paul Farré in The Metamorphosis ( La Métamorphose ) Jacques Jouanneau in Les Cahiers Tango Fabrice Luchini in The Secret ( Le Secret ) 1989 : Étienne Chicot in Une absence Claude Evrard in A Month in the Country ( Un mois à la campagne ) Henri Garcin in Just Between Ourselves ( Entre nous soit dit ) François Lalande in Home ( Le Foyer ) Michel Robin in L'Imposture 1990 : Michel Robin in The Passage of Winter ( La Traversée de l'hiver ) Gérard Caillaud in Les Palmes de Monsieur Schutz Martin Lamotte in A Fly in the Ointment ( Un fil à la patte ) Roger Mirmont in La Celestina ( La Célestine ) Henri Virlogeux in Ivanov 1991 : Jean-Paul Roussillon in Zone libre Jacques Bonnaffé in La Fonction Jean-Paul Farré in Les Fourberies de Scapin Mario Gonzalez in Les Fourberies de Scapin Georges Wilson in Eurydice 1992 : Robert Hirsch in Le Misanthrope Jean-Pierre Darroussin in Cuisine et dépendances Maurice Garrel in Making It Better ( C'était bien ) Gérard Hernandez in No Hard Feelings ( Sans rancune ) Sam Karmann in Cuisine et dépendances 1993 : Jean-Pierre Sentier in L'Église Bernard Alane in La Jalousie Michel Duchaussoy in Pygmalion Fabrice Eberhard in Romeo and Jeannette ( Roméo et Jeannette ) Michel Etcheverry in Temps contre Temps 1994 : Roland Blanche in The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui ( La Résistible Ascension d'Arturo Ui ) Roger Dumas in The Homecoming ( Le Retour ) Gérard Hernandez in Le Dîner de Cons Francis Lax in The Floating Light Bulb ( L'Ampoule magique ) Guy Tréjan in Hamlet 1995 : Darry Cowl in Baby 's Laxative ( On purge bébé ) and Madame 's Late Mother ( Feu la mère de Madame ) Jean-Pierre Darroussin in Un air de famille Bernard Dhéran in Business is business ( Les Affaires sont les affaires ) Michel Etcheverry in Murder in the Cathedral ( Meurtre dans la cathédrale ) Jean Lescot in Three on the Seesaw ( Fausse adresse ) 1996 : Jean-Paul Roussillon in Mademoiselle Colombe ( Colombe ) Francis Lalanne in Mass Appeal ( L'Affrontement ) Gérard Lartigau in Out of Order ( Panique au Plazza ) François Marthouret in Gertrud Frédéric van den Driessche in An Ideal Husband ( Un mari idéal ) 1997 : Robert Hirsch in Waiting for Godot ( En attendant Godot ) Bernard Alane in Sylvia Jean-Paul Bordes in A Flea in Her Ear ( La Puce à l'oreille ) Jean-Pierre Darroussin in La Terrasse Jean-Michel Dupuis in Waiting for Godot ( En attendant Godot ) 1998 : Maurice Barrier in Twelve Angry Men ( Douze hommes en colère ) Marcel Cuvelier in Bel-Ami Bernard Freyd in Twelve Angry Men ( Douze hommes en colère ) Samuel Labarthe in Uncle Vanya ( Oncle Vania ) Philippe Laudenbach in Cap and Bells ( Le Bonnet du fou ) 1999 : Michel Aumont in Rêver peut-être Jean-Michel Dupuis in Les Portes du ciel André Falcon in A Delicate Balance ( Délicate Balance ) Alain MacMoy in Pour la galerie Jacques Zabor in Mademoiselle Else 2000 : Marcel Cuvelier in My Father Was Right ( Mon père avait raison ) Bernard Dhéran in Between Worlds ( Hôtel des deux mondes ) Christian Hecq in La Main passe Sam Karmann in Raisons de famille François Lalande in Raisons de famille 2001 : Georges Wilson in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof ( Une chatte sur un toit brûlant ) François Lalande in Master Class ( Staline Mélodie ) Philippe Magnan in Les Directeurs Jean Négroni in Marie Hasparren Philippe Uchan in Glengarry Glen Ross 2002 : Maurice Chevit in Conversations with my Father ( Conversations avec mon père ) Stéphane Hillel in It Runs in the Family ( Impair et père ) Philippe Magnan in Elvire Wojtek Pszoniak in The Shop Around the Corner ( La boutique au coin de la rue ) Michel Vuillermoz in Madame Sans Gêne 2003 : Michel Duchaussoy in Phèdre Roger Dumas in Hysteria Vincent Elbaz in Hysteria Gérard Loussine in Un petit jeu sans conséquence José Paul in Un petit jeu sans conséquence 2004 : Thierry Frémont in Signé Dumas Philippe Khorsand in L'Invité Roland Marchisio in Portrait de famille Jean-Michel Martial in Driving Miss Daisy ( Miss Daisy et son chauffeur ) Chick Ortega in Things We Do for Love ( L'Amour est enfant de salaud ) 2005 : Maurice Chevit in Brooklyn Boy Gérard Caillaud in Amadeus Éric Elmosnino in Ivanov José Paul in The Mistress of the Inn ( La Locandiera ) Gilles Privat in To Whom It May Concern ( Avis aux intéressés ) Michel Vuillermoz in Le Menteur 2006 : Roger Dumas in Moins 2 Didier Brice in La Sainte Catherine Henri Courseaux in Pygmalion Jean-Paul Farré in King Lear ( Le Roi Lear ) Jérôme Kircher in King Lear ( Le Roi Lear ) Jean-Pierre Lorit in Créanciers 2007 : Éric Ruf in Cyrano de Bergerac Jean-Michel Dupuis in La Danse de l'Albatros Jean-François Guilliet in Lady Windermere 's Fan ( L'Éventail de Lady Windermere ) Samuel Labarthe in The Caretaker ( Le Gardien ) Jacques Marchand in Chocolat Piment 2008 : Gilles Privat in Hotel Paradiso ( L'Hôtel du libre échange ) Didier Brice in Les Forains Jean-Pierre Malo in Sight Unseen ( En toute confiance ) Laurent Stocker in Juste la fin du monde 2009 : Roland Bertin in Coriolanus ( Coriolan ) Sébastien Castro in Le Comique Jean-Claude Durand in Le Jour se lève , Léopold ! Guillaume Gallienne in Fantasio Arthur Jugnot in A Pig in a Poke ( Chat en poche ) Sébastien Thiéry in Cochons d'Inde Nicolas Vaude in Elle t ` attend 2010 : Henri Courseaux in Twelfth Night ( La Nuit des rois ) Xavier Gallais in Ordet ( Ordet ( La Parole ) ) José Paul in L'Illusion conjugale Yves Pignot in Twelfth Night ( La Nuit des rois ) Gilles Privat in The Girl from Maxim 's ( La Dame de chez Maxim ) Hugues Quester in Casimir and Caroline ( Casimir et Caroline ) 2011 : Guillaume Gallienne in A Fly in the Ointment ( Un fil à la patte ) Maxime d'Aboville dans Henri IV , le bien aimé Jean-Michel Dupuis in Le Prénom Thierry Hancisse in A Fly in the Ointment ( Un fil à la patte ) Guillaume de Tonquédec in Le Prénom Bernard Verley in Autumn Dream ( Rêve d'automne )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08df91a62055f89b4576b92776170337", "text": "Torin Thatcher Torin Thatcher ( 15 January 1905 -- 4 March 1981 ) was an English actor born in Bombay , British India , to English parents Torin James Blair Thatcher , a police officer , by his wife Edith Rachel , a voice and piano teacher , younger daughter of the Hon. Justice Sir Herbert Batty , a puisne judge of the High Court of Bombay . He was noted for his flashy portrayals of screen villains . He was educated in Britain at Bedford School and at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art . He worked as a schoolmaster before first appearing on the London stage in 1927 and then entering British films in 1934 . He appeared in the 1937 Old Vic stage production of Hamlet , in which Laurence Olivier made his first appearance in the title role , opposite Vivien Leigh as Ophelia . During the Second World War , he served with the Royal Artillery and was demobilised with the rank of lieutenant colonel . Thatcher appeared in classic British films of the late 1930s and 1940s , including Major Barbara ( 1941 ) and Great Expectations ( 1946 ) , in which he played Bentley Drummle . He moved to Hollywood in the 1950s . He was constantly in demand , invariably lending his looming figure and baleful countenance to sinister or stern roles in popular costume thrillers such as The Crimson Pirate ( 1952 ) , Blackbeard the Pirate ( 1952 ) , The Robe ( 1953 ) ( as the disapproving father of Marcellus ) , The Black Shield of Falworth ( 1954 ) , Helen of Troy ( 1956 ) , Darby 's Rangers ( 1958 ) and The 7th Voyage of Sinbad ( 1958 ) . He also appeared in the Marlon Brando and Trevor Howard 1962 remake of Mutiny on the Bounty . He returned to the stage quite frequently , notably on Broadway , in such esteemed productions as Edward , My Son ( 1948 ) , That Lady ( 1949 ) and Billy Budd ( 1951 ) . In 1959 , he portrayed Captain Keller in the award-winning play The Miracle Worker with Anne Bancroft and Patty Duke . All of these plays were filmed , but Thatcher did not appear in the film versions . Also a steady fixture on television , he appeared in such made-for-TV films as adaptations of A.J. Cronin 's Beyond This Place ( 1957 ) and The Citadel ( 1960 ) , Bonanza ( 1961 ) , and Brenda Starr ( 1976 ) . He also played the title role in a Philco Television Playhouse version of Othello and acted in a CBS production of Beyond This Place ( 1957 ) . He appeared in programmes such as The Real McCoys , Thriller , Gunsmoke , Perry Mason , Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea , Daniel Boone and Mission : Impossible . He was cast as the sly space trader in an episode of Lost in Space . Thatcher , if not for his distinguished career , has become recognised by several generations of fans of Star Trek : The Original Series from his performance as Marplon , secretly a member of the resistance in the episode `` The Return of the Archons '' . Thatcher died of cancer on 4 March 1981 , in Thousand Oaks , California , USA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "505cd2dc84d14e0497fad454ce7491fd", "text": "Rosalind March Rosalind March is a British TV , film and stage actress . Born in Ebbw Vale , Gwent , March 's career began in 1979 when she played Madge in several episodes of the series The Dick Francis Thriller : The Racing Game . Throughout the '80s she mainly did comedy . She appeared in episodes of Victoria Wood As Seen On TV ( 1985 -- 1986 ) , was regular Amanda in Life Without George with Simon Cadell , Michael Thomas and Carol Royle , also appeared in The Upper Hand , Nelson 's Column . During the 1990s March played a host of leading roles in numerous television dramas , Close Relations , Goodbye Cruel World , Peak Practice , Seekers , The Bill , Inspector Morse , Oliver Twist and Wilderness . She also was a regular leading soap character , Liz Kemp , in the series London Bridge for Carlton , spanning nearly two years . From 2000 onwards March featured in many more British television series and TV films like Top Buzzer , Men Only , Swallow , Poirot , The Second Coming , Holby City , Doctors , Nicholas Nickleby , Heartbeat , Rosemary and Thyme , Class of ' 76 , Ahead of the Class , Zip and Hollow , New Tricks and Eternal Law . She has also starred in several major films : East Is East in 1999 , Calendar Girls , 2003 and Flawless with Demi Moore and Michael Caine 2007 . Stage work includes , Dear Daddy the Ambassadors Theatre , Olivier award for best play , Ooh La La , Hull Truck at the Bush , Mill Fire at the Bush , View From the Bridge , York Theatre Royal , tours of Rebecca and The Real Thing , Suspension , at the Bristol Old Vic . In 2015 March appeared as Liz Grey in the ITV series Midsomer Murders episode 17.3 `` The Ballad of Midsomer County ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa926683af982b8d4d1e2a36b6729aad", "text": "Media in Manchester Media in Manchester has been an integral part of Manchester 's culture and economy for many generations and has been described as the only other British city to rival to London in terms of television broadcasting . Today , Manchester is second largest centre of the creative and digital industries in Europe . Most notable television exports include the longest running serial soap drama in the world in Coronation Street and the longest running documentary series in 7 Up ! , A wide array of award-winning British television programmes have originated from , and often been set in Manchester , such as Coronation Street , A Question of Sport , Dragon 's Den , The Royle Family , University Challenge , Mastermind , Songs of Praise , Top of the Pops , It 's a Knockout , World in Action , Seven Up ! , Jewel in the Crown , Brideshead Revisited , Stars in Their Eyes , The Krypton Factor , Red Dwarf , Life on Mars , Cold Feet , Cracker and The Street . In the BFI TV list of greatest British television programmes decided by industry professionals in 2000 , nine television programmes which were devised and produced in Manchester made the top 50 . Manchester was given the nickname ` Granadaland ' , as many of the city 's successful programmes were produced by Granada Television and its influential chairman Sidney Bernstein actively encouraged this nickname to promote Manchester and the North West . The company was based at Granada Studios in Manchester and was considered one of the best commercial television companies in the world by the Financial Times and The Independent . Granada had its own entertainment complex showcasing its television exports to the public . Eventually Granada took over eleven other franchisees through a series of hostile bids to form ITV in 2004 , and consequently a more unified ITV corporate brand appeared . The new MediaCityUK in Salford forms part of the major decentralisation of the BBC . The corporation opted to move to MediaCityUK in 2004 as a replacement for its ageing Mancunian studios at New Broadcasting House and Granada Studios . At the same time , BBC Television Centre was also coming to the end of its lifespan , so the BBC decided to split departments between existing facilities in London and Greater Manchester . The BBC currently has a major broadcast division business operating here under the BBC North Group it comprises the departments BBC Breakfast , BBC Sport , BBC Children 's , BBC Radio 5 Live , BBC Learning , BBC Research & Development and BBC Philharmonic presently broadcasting and producing . The Director-General of the BBC has indicated that a major BBC Channel such as BBC One or BBC Two would move by 2015 if the current operation is a success . ITV also has a major division of its business based here ITV Studios which is responsible for all UK and international production . The Guardian newspaper was founded in Manchester as the Manchester Guardian and the city 's regional newspaper , the Manchester Evening News is the second most popular regional newspaper in the UK after the Evening Standard .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a77d7d86f878860e7129fb40a404019b", "text": "The Vicar of Dibley The Vicar of Dibley is a British sitcom which originally ran on BBC One from 10 November 1994 to 22 January 1998 ( with three sets of specials in the Winters of 1999/2000 , 2004/5 and 2006/7 ) . It is set in a fictional small Oxfordshire village called Dibley , which is assigned a female vicar following the 1992 changes in the Church of England that permitted the ordination of women . In ratings terms , the programme is among the most successful in the digital era , with the various Christmas and New Year specials in 1999 , 2004 , 2005 , 2006 and 2007 all entering the top 10 programmes of the year . The Vicar of Dibley received multiple British Comedy Awards ( including a Best TV Comedy Actress Award for Emma Chambers ) , two International Emmys , and was a multiple British Academy Television Awards nominee . In 2004 , it placed third in a BBC poll of Britain 's Best Sitcom . The series has also done six charity special shorts , for Comic Relief , the most recent in 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43bc2e8dd1cfae9eed6f792e87b10fc1", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Judi Dench The following is a list of awards and nominations received by actress Judi Dench . Among her Major awards , Dench has won an Oscar , a Tony , seven Oliviers , six film and four television BAFTA Awards . She holds the record for most acting majors across all six American and British events , winning eighteen and receiving fifty two nominations . Other significant awards include two Golden Globes , two Screen Actors Guild Awards and ten critics awards . Overall in her career to date , she has won 55 competitive awards from 203 nominations . She has also received 10 honorary awards , including the lifetime achievement Special Olivier Award and the BAFTA Fellowship .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "086b9afb32a01e8ee91796525e2a8ce1", "text": "Soap Opera Digest Award for Hottest Female Star The Soap Opera Digest Award for Hottest Female Star has been given every year since the 9th Soap Opera Digest Award in 1993 until 1999 . In the lists below , the winner of the award for each year is shown first , followed by the other nominees .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "daceb32f2205dc5b5802a75a605d55a8", "text": "Gwyneth Powell Gwyneth Powell ( born 5 July 1946 ) is an English actress who is best known for her portrayal of headmistress Bridget McClusky in the BBC television series Grange Hill for eleven series between 1981 and 1991 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "363707d675f0a005885c6618422cdada", "text": "Cate Blanchett on screen and stage Cate Blanchett is an Australian actress who has extensively appeared in film and stage . She made her stage debut in 1992 by playing Electra in the National Institute of Dramatic Art production of the same name . She followed it with performances in Timothy Daly 's Kafka Dances ( 1993 ) and the Sydney Theatre Company stage production of Oleanna ( 1993 ) opposite Geoffrey Rush . Blanchett won the Sydney Theatre Critics Award for Best Newcomer for the former and Best Actress for the latter , making her the first person to win both awards at once . She went on to perform several roles on stage , notably Susan Traherne in Plenty ( 1999 ) , Hedda Gabler in Hedda Gabler ( 2004 ) , Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire ( 2009 ) , Yelena in Uncle Vanya ( 2011 ) and Claire in The Maids ( 2013 ) . In 1997 , Blanchett made her feature film debut in a supporting role in the World War II drama Paradise Road . The same year , she had her first leading role in Oscar and Lucinda , which earned her an AACTA Award nomination for Best Actress . Blanchett received worldwide attention for playing Queen Elizabeth I of England in the acclaimed drama Elizabeth ( 1998 ) . Her performance garnered her a Golden Globe and a BAFTA Award for Best Actress and her first Academy Award nomination for Best Actress . Elizabeth and her next film , the thriller The Talented Mr. Ripley ( 1999 ) , performed well at the box office . However , her other 1999 releasesthe widely praised An Ideal Husband and the largely panned Pushing Tinwere unsuccessful . Blanchett found greater success for portraying Galadriel in Peter Jackson 's epic fantasy trilogy The Lord of the Rings ( 2001-03 ) . During this period , she also appeared in several films which had mixed reception and performed poorly at the box office . She won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress , among other honors for portraying Katharine Hepburn in Martin Scorsese 's 2004 drama The Aviator , making her the only actor to win an Oscar for portraying another Oscar-winning actor . Her only screen appearance in 2005 was in Little Fish , for which she won the AACTA Award for Best Actress . Blanchett 's performance in the 2006 thriller Notes on a Scandal garnered her another Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress . In 2007 , she received both Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress Oscar nominations for her roles in Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There , becoming one of the few actors to achieve this feat . In 2008 , Blanchett appeared in Steven Spielberg 's action adventure Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull and David Fincher 's fantasy drama The Curious Case of Benjamin Button . She briefly reprised her role of Galadriel in the The Hobbit trilogy ( 2012-14 ) . For her performance as the titular socialite in Woody Allen 's 2013 drama Blue Jasmine , Blanchett won the Golden Globe , the BAFTA Award , the SAG Award and the Academy Award for Best Actress . In 2014 , she voiced Valka in the $ 620 million-grossing animated fantasy How to Train Your Dragon 2 . In 2015 , she received praise for playing Lady Tremaine in Disney 's live action film Cinderella , Mary Mapes in Truth and the titular character in Todd Haynes 's romantic drama Carol . Cinderella was a notable box office success while Carol garnered her seventh Oscar nomination . Blanchett made her Broadway debut in 2017 with The Present , receiving her first Tony Award nomination for the Best Actress in a Play .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "212f5d737ac4992086691017fae29598", "text": "Jenny Beavan Jenny Beavan , OBE ( born 1950 ) is an English costume designer . She has won the Academy Award for Best Costume Design in 1986 for A Room With A View . She also won another Academy Award and the BAFTA Award for Costume Design for Mad Max : Fury Road , and has been nominated an additional eight times . Beavan also received a Tony Award nomination for Best Costume Design for the play Private Lives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ef873891eb9d27cc31e56dac08b511e", "text": "Spend Spend Spend Spend Spend Spend is a musical with a book and lyrics by Steve Brown and Justin Greene and music by Brown . In 1961 , Yorkshire housewife Viv Nicholson won # 152,319 in the football pools . When a reporter asked her what she planned to do with her new fortune , she replied , `` I 'm going to spend , spend , spend ! , '' which is exactly what she did . Her rags-to-riches-to-rags-again story takes her through five husbands , expensive sports cars , fur coats , and jewelry , a battle with alcohol , and bankruptcy as , unable to cope with her new-found wealth and fame , she rapidly spirals downward . Spend Spend Spend premiered in 1998 at the West Yorkshire Playhouse and won the Barclays Theatre Award for Best Musical of the Year.The production starred Rosie Ashe and Nigel Richards . After a week of previews , the West End production , directed by Jeremy Sams and choreographed by Craig Revel Horwood , opened on October 12 , 1999 at the Piccadilly Theatre , where it ran until August 5 , 2000 . The original cast included Barbara Dickson , Steven Houghton , and Rachel Leskovac . The original London production was arranged by the Musical Director , Dane Preece . Shortly after closing in London the production , with most of the original cast , went on a UK Tour . The Musical Director for the tour was Steve Hill . On July 8 2009 , the Watermill Theatre presented a revival of the musical , which would follow with a 7-week tour across the country , beginning September 28 2010 to November 9 2010 . It was awarded the 2010 TMA award for Best Musical and Kirsty Hoiles ( young Viv ) was awarded the TMA award for Best Supporting Actress in a Musical .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f700d90d1d5300b90ca2215d90297ff0", "text": "The Woman He Loved The Woman He Loved is a 1988 HTV romantic drama television about the abdication of Edward VIII . Directed by Charles Jarrott , it stars Anthony Andrews , Jane Seymour and Olivia de Havilland . Jane Seymour was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Miniseries or Television Film at the 46th Golden Globe Awards and Olivia de Havilland was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie . Costume designer Robin Fraser-Paye was also nominated for Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Costume Design for a Miniseries or a Special . It was partly shot at Shirenewton Hall in Monmouthshire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6620828ce45de69990112f3dcfe31176", "text": "Critics' Circle Award for Distinguished Service to the Arts Each year since 1988 The Critics ' Circle has presented an award for Distinguished Service to the Arts , voted for by all members of the Circle , embracing Dance , Drama , Film , Music , Visual Arts and Architecture . This performing arts Award takes the form of an engraved crystal rose bowl , presented at a celebratory luncheon . The recipients were : 1988 Sir Peter Hall 1989 Dame Ninette de Valois 1990 Sir Michael Tippett 1991 Sir David Lean 1992 Sir John Mills 1993 Sir Peter Ustinov 1994 Sir John Drummond 1995 Sir Peter Wright 1996 Sir Richard Eyre 1997 Dame Judi Dench 1998 Sir Edward Downes 1999 Harold Pinter 2000 Dame Alicia Markova 2001 Paul Scofield 2002 Sir Alfred Brendel 2003 Sir Ian McKellen 2004 Mike Leigh 2005 Alan Bennett 2006 Dame Helen Mirren 2007 Sir Tom Stoppard 2008 Peter Brook 2009 Sir Alan Ayckbourn 2010 Ken Loach 2011 Stephen Sondheim 2013 Grayson Perry 2014 Sir Nicholas Hytner 2015 Dame Maggie Smith Category : Performing arts awards", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d3352c91772836f51de4cf3f02487e44", "text": "Colin Firth Colin Andrew Firth , ( born 10 September 1960 ) is an English actor . His films have grossed more than $ 3 billion from 42 releases worldwide . Firth has received an Academy Award , a Golden Globe Award , two BAFTA Awards , and three Screen Actors Guild Awards , as well as the Volpi Cup . Firth 's most notable and acclaimed role to date has been his 2010 portrayal of King George VI in The King 's Speech , a performance that earned him an Oscar and multiple worldwide best actor awards . Identified in the late 1980s with the `` Brit Pack '' of rising , young British actors , it was not until Firth 's portrayal of Mr. Darcy in the 1995 television adaptation of Jane Austen 's Pride and Prejudice that he received more widespread attention . This led to roles in films such as The English Patient , Bridget Jones 's Diary ( for which Firth was nominated for a BAFTA ) , Shakespeare in Love , and Love Actually . In 2009 , Firth received widespread critical acclaim for his leading role in A Single Man , for which Firth gained his first Academy Award nomination , and won a BAFTA Award . Firth starred in the action spy movie Kingsman : The Secret Service in 2014 , which was a commercial success and received generally positive reviews . In 2011 , Firth received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , and was also selected as one of the Time 100 . He was awarded an honorary degree from the University of Winchester in 2007 , and was made a Freeman of the City of London in 2012 . He has campaigned for the rights of indigenous tribal peoples , and is a member of Survival International . Firth has also campaigned on issues of asylum seekers , refugees ' rights , and the environment . He commissioned and is credited as a co-author on a scientific paper on a study into the differences in brain structure between people of differing political orientations .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c6f70592e2fbcd29d147c6d33f8e8f84", "text": "Colin Wark Colin Wark ( 1896 -- 1939 ) was a British composer of film scores .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "348fa6460571b0bb95b54f07e4b1365b", "text": "Lost Empires Lost Empires is a 1986 television adaptation of J. B. Priestley 's novel of the same name , and starred Colin Firth , John Castle and Laurence Olivier . Produced by Granada Television , it was shown as a serial , and premiered on the UK 's ITV network in October and November 1986 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ad6e47c797dabda2112edea2d965e1b", "text": "British Academy Television Award for Best International Programme The British Academy Television Award for Best International Programme , or BAFTA TV Award for Best International , is an award presented by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts to outstanding achievements in foreign TV series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73c21d97844dc1e6b30214c18743c598", "text": "Apartment Zero Apartment Zero is a 1988 Argentine-British political thriller film co-written and directed by Argentine-born screenwriter Martin Donovan and starring Hart Bochner and Colin Firth . The film is famously suffused with homoerotic overtones and moments of black comedy . It was produced in 1988 and premiered at film festivals throughout 1989 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "265457bbd71c6794b018f6d68b1e85e8", "text": "25th Academy Awards The 25th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 19 , 1953 . It took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood , California , and the NBC International Theatre in New York City . It was the first Academy Awards ceremony to be televised , and the first ceremony to be held in Hollywood and New York City simultaneously . It was also the only year that the New York ceremonies were to be held in the NBC International Theatre on Columbus Circle , which was shortly thereafter demolished and replaced by the New York Coliseum convention center . A major upset occurred in the category of Best Picture . The heavily favored High Noon lost to Cecil B. DeMille 's The Greatest Show on Earth , eventually considered among the worst films to have won the Academy Award for Best Picture . The American film magazine Premiere placed the movie on its list of the 10 worst Oscar winners and the British film magazine Empire rated it # 3 on their list of the 10 worst Oscar winners . It has the lowest spot on Rotten Tomatoes ' list of the 81 films to win Best Picture . Of all the films nominated for the Oscar this year , only High Noon and Singin ' in the Rain would show up 46 years later on the American Film Institute list of the greatest American films of the 20th Century . For a film that only received two nominations , Singin ' in the Rain went on to be named as the greatest American musical film of all time and in the 2007 American Film Institute updated list as the fifth greatest American film of all time , while High Noon was ranked twenty-seventh on the same 2007 list , as well . The Bad and the Beautiful won five awards , the most wins ever for a film not nominated for Best Picture . It was also the second Academy Awards in which a film not nominated for Best Picture received the most awards of the evening , excluding years where there were ties for the most wins . The only other film to do this was The Thief of Bagdad at the 13th Academy Awards ; as of the 87th Academy Awards , it has not happened since . Until Spotlight won only Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay at the 88th Academy Awards , this was the last year in which the Best Picture winner won just two Oscars . It was also the second of three years to date in which two films not nominated for Best Picture received more nominations than the winner ( The Bad and the Beautiful and Hans Christian Andersen , both with six ) . This occurred again at the 79th Academy Awards . Shirley Booth also became the last person to win an Oscar in a Leading Role to be born in the 19th century . She also holds the distinction of being the first woman in her 50s to win the award , at the age of 54 ( the second woman in her 50s to win , Julianne Moore , was 54 when awarded at the 87th Academy Awards ) . John Ford 's fourth win for Best Director set a record for the most wins in this category that remains unmatched to this day . For the first time since the introduction of Supporting Actor and Actress awards in 1936 , Best Picture , Best Director , and all four acting Oscars went to six different films . This has happened only three times since , at the 29th Academy Awards for 1956 , the 78th for 2005 , and the 85th for 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa6e9c8487342b7db1fdcd2454aa3ebd", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language The BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . The award was first given at the 36th British Academy Film Awards , recognising the films of 1982 , and until 1990 was known as the BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Film . Prior to this , films recorded in a language other than English were often recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best Film , known between 1949 and 1969 as Best Film from any Source . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac2b4ed0010cbef31291860027f54c65", "text": "Colin Brazier Colin Brazier ( born 28 March 1968 ) is an Emmy Award-winning and BAFTA nominated British journalist and presenter who has been with the Sky News channel for two decades . Brazier presents Sky News weekdays from 11-15 :00 . He has interviewed many senior statesmen and women . In Libya , he conducted one of the final interviews given by the dictator Colonel Gadaffi . His industry awards include a gold medal from the New York TV awards , for his reporting from Afghanistan . The first British journalist to enter Iraq with coalition troops during the 2003 invasion , Brazier 's documentary , Brothers in Baghdad , was later shortlisted at the Monte Carlo television festival . He was the first journalist to enter Southern Lebanon with Israeli forces in 2006 . In 2014 he was Sky 's sole nominee in the Royal Television Society Awards Presenter of the Year category for his work in Nairobi during the Westgate shopping mall siege and Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines . In 2015 he was longlisted in the Royal Television Society Awards Presenter of the Year category for his anchoring of the Tunisian terror attacks and the Nepal earthquake . In 2016 he won an Emmy award in New York and was nominated for a BAFTA for his presentation of the migrant crisis in Europe . The Emmy award judges specifically cited his live anchoring when rioting broke out on the Serbian/Hungarian border . A former newspaper reporter and foreign correspondent , Brazier has written extensively about family life . In 2013 his book Sticking Up For Siblings , based on his experiences as a father of six young children , won positive reviews in publications ranging from The Daily Telegraph to The Guardian . The book , which encourages parents to reconsider the merits of larger families , was debated on the BBC Today programme , Radio 5 Live , ITV Daybreak and BBC Breakfast . His wife , Joanna Roughton , is a former head of TV for Reuters in the Far East . At university Brazier took a first in English literature , but rather than taking a commission as an infantry officer with the Green Howards regiment , he became , instead , a journalist at the Yorkshire Post . He latterly worked at The Observer , before moving to the BBC , then ITV , joining Sky in 1997 . There his beats have included politics , the royals and several foreign postings . An enthusiastic sportsman , Brazier is a member of the Lord 's Taverners , a charity which aims to improve the fortunes of underprivileged young cricketers . He has made several appearances as a newsreader in movies , including the Bourne Legacy in 2012 . In July 2014 , following the destruction of Malaysia Airlines flight MH17 over Ukraine , Brazier was filmed tampering with the contents of a victim 's luggage . Widespread media criticism and calls for Brazier 's resignation ensued . As of 21 July 110 complaints about Brazier 's behaviour had been submitted to Ofcom . In an article published in the Guardian on 22 July 2014 , Brazier apologised , admitted that his actions were `` a serious error of judgment '' , and explained the context of his mistake .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39a9b1130c376ae2a1e2880fd00bee56", "text": "2013 British Academy Television Awards The 2013 British Academy Television Awards nominations were announced on 9 April 2013 . The award ceremony was held at the Royal Festival Hall in London on 12 May 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24fe10928db4ad5a83f4178417de019e", "text": "Ronald Neame Ronald Elwin Neame CBE BSC ( 23 April 1911 -- 16 June 2010 ) was an English film cinematographer , producer , screenwriter and director . As cinematographer for the British war film One of Our Aircraft Is Missing ( 1943 ) , he received an Academy Award nomination for Best Special Effects . During a partnership with director David Lean , he produced Brief Encounter ( 1945 ) , Great Expectations ( 1946 ) , and Oliver Twist ( 1948 ) , receiving two Academy Award nominations for writing . Neame then moved into directing , and some notable films included , I Could Go On Singing ( 1963 ) , Judy Garland 's last film , The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie ( 1969 ) , which won Maggie Smith her first Oscar , Scrooge ( 1970 ) , starring Albert Finney , and the action-adventure disaster film The Poseidon Adventure ( 1972 ) . For his contributions to the film industry , Neame was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire ( CBE ) , and received the BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award , the highest award the British Film Academy can give a filmmaker .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8938a970761eccd515ea678bfeeb5283", "text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier . The Olivier Awards are the most prestigious theatrical awards in the United Kingdom and are the UK equivalent of the Tony Awards . Until 2015 , the Olivier Awards did not honour supporting musical performances separately and was therefore a unisex category , honouring both male and female actors . Starting with the 2015 ceremony , the awards have been separated into Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Musical and Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2697534c898057c5a2bd02d344978b17", "text": "British Academy Television Awards 2011 The 2011 British Academy Television Awards were held on 22 May 2011 . The nominations were announced on 26 April . Graham Norton hosted the ceremony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57d56581bde1853859ff825c94395586", "text": "Breakthrough Brits Breakthrough Brits is the UK Film Council programme to honour some of Britain 's best Black and Asian film-making talent . The program was designed to celebrate and advance the new wave of British film-making talent on the cusp of breakthrough international success . The 2008 programme ended in a special event in Los Angeles ( compered by Nigel Lythgoe ) on 5 June where honourees were presented to an audience of Hollywood industry figures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7e49fc20b0bd2c7915caaaebcf60e08", "text": "2011 British Academy Scotland New Talent Awards The 2014 British Academy Scotland New Talent Awards were held on 24 March 2011 at the Glasgow Film Theatre . > Presented by BAFTA Scotland , the accolades honour the best upcoming talent in the field of film and television in Scotland . The Nominees were announced on 15 March 2011 . The ceremony was hosted by Kaye Adams .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b60c17dcd37553dda4ac0ab104ac1ea9", "text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier . The award was first given in 1977 but in the years following was often given as a singular award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04c06f49302a6dee09c7f5324a366b6b", "text": "ITV Sunday Night Theatre ITV Sunday Night Theatre , originally titled ITV Saturday Night Theatre , is a UK television anthology series screened on ITV , and produced by London Weekend Television ( LWT ) . Some episodes were produced with Kestrel Productions . Around 200 episodes aired on ITV from 1969-1974 , including productions of the plays Long Day 's Journey into Night by Eugene O'Neill , A Doll 's House by Henrik Ibsen , and Arms and the Man by George Bernard Shaw . Other episodes included adaptions of the works of William Shakespeare , James Joyce , Wilkie Collins , Simon Gray , Sam Shepard , Israel Horovitz , Arthur Miller , August Strindberg , J.B. Priestley , Lanford Wilson , and John Mortimer . Among its directors were Michael Lindsay-Hogg , Anthony Page , Mike Newell , Fielder Cook , Ted Kotcheff , Peter Wood , and Vivian Matalon . The actors involved included Helen Mirren , Laurence Olivier , Sean Connery , Anthony Hopkins , Michael Caine , Paul Scofield , George C. Scott , Laurence Harvey , Ralph Richardson , Diana Rigg , Trevor Howard , Glenda Jackson , Diane Cilento , Alec Guinness , Jane Asher , Martin Sheen , Colleen Dewhurst , Jean Marsh , Shelley Winters , Ian Holm , Richard Chamberlain , Edith Evans , John Gielgud , Shirley Knight , Ian McKellen , George Sanders and Margaret Whiting .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9924f378e29c2ba9ce82e2972ecdcaa2", "text": "List of actors nominated for two Academy Awards in the same year The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has had occurrences of actors and actresses nominated for two different Academy Awards in acting categories in a single year , with the first instance in 1938 . Provided that they receive enough votes from the Academy in both categories to earn a nomination , there are no restrictions on actors being nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor or actresses being nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress in any given year . The sole rule with regard to multiple nominations is that an actor or actress can not receive multiple nominations for the same performance . This rule was introduced in 1944 after Barry Fitzgerald received a Best Actor nomination and a Best Supporting Actor nomination for his performance in Going My Way . As of 2015 , 11 actors and actresses have been nominated for two different Academy Awards in the same year . The first of these actors and actresses was Fay Bainter , who received nominations for her performances in White Banners and Jezebel at the 11th Academy Awards . The most recent occurrence was during the 80th Academy Awards , in which Cate Blanchett received nominations for Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There . Seven of these actors and actresses received an Academy Award in one of the categories they were nominated in , and none have won two Academy Awards in the same year . Four did not receive an Academy Award in either category : Sigourney Weaver ( nominations for Gorillas in the Mist and Working Girl ) , Emma Thompson ( nominations for The Remains of the Day and In the Name of the Father ) , Julianne Moore ( nominations for Far from Heaven and The Hours ) , and Cate Blanchett ( nominations for Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b5909d535fdd2055f6cbb1d0b1ef214", "text": "Samantha Morton Samantha Jane Morton ( born 13 May 1977 ) is an English actress , screenwriter and director . She has received critical acclaim and numerous accolades throughout her career , including one BAFTA Award , one BIFA Award , one Golden Globe Award and has been nominated twice for an Academy Award and once for an Emmy Award . She has been described as one of the greatest actresses of her generation . Brought up in Nottingham , Morton joined the Central Junior Television Workshop , and soon began her career in British television in 1991 . She guest-starred in Soldier Soldier and Cracker and appeared from 1995 to 1996 in the ITV series Band of Gold . She made the transition to film with lead roles in the dramas Emma ( 1996 ) , Jane Eyre ( 1997 ) and the well-received Under the Skin ( 1997 ) . The latter made director Woody Allen cast Morton in Sweet and Lowdown ( 1999 ) , which earned her nominations for the Academy Award and the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress . In the 2000s , Morton continued to draw critical praise for her performances in numerous arthouse and independent films . Her role in Morvern Callar ( 2002 ) garnered her the BIFA Award for Best Actress , and she received her second Academy Award nomination , this time in the Best Actress category , for In America ( 2003 ) . She also found mainstream success with the science fiction thriller Minority Report ( 2002 ) . For her role in 2006 's television biopic Longford , she received BAFTA and Emmy Award nominations and won the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress -- Television Film . Morton starred in the dramas Control ( 2007 ) , Synecdoche , New York ( 2008 ) and The Messenger ( 2009 ) , and she made her directorial debut with the British television film The Unloved ( 2009 ) , winning the BAFTA Television Award for Best Single Drama . Her most recent acting credits include the science fiction action film John Carter ( 2012 ) , the thriller Cosmopolis ( 2012 ) , the drama Decoding Annie Parker ( 2013 ) , the period film Miss Julie ( 2014 ) , the European limited series The Last Panthers ( 2015 ) and the film adaptation Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them ( 2016 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6620828ce45de69990112f3dcfe31176", "text": "Critics' Circle Award for Distinguished Service to the Arts Each year since 1988 The Critics ' Circle has presented an award for Distinguished Service to the Arts , voted for by all members of the Circle , embracing Dance , Drama , Film , Music , Visual Arts and Architecture . This performing arts Award takes the form of an engraved crystal rose bowl , presented at a celebratory luncheon . The recipients were : 1988 Sir Peter Hall 1989 Dame Ninette de Valois 1990 Sir Michael Tippett 1991 Sir David Lean 1992 Sir John Mills 1993 Sir Peter Ustinov 1994 Sir John Drummond 1995 Sir Peter Wright 1996 Sir Richard Eyre 1997 Dame Judi Dench 1998 Sir Edward Downes 1999 Harold Pinter 2000 Dame Alicia Markova 2001 Paul Scofield 2002 Sir Alfred Brendel 2003 Sir Ian McKellen 2004 Mike Leigh 2005 Alan Bennett 2006 Dame Helen Mirren 2007 Sir Tom Stoppard 2008 Peter Brook 2009 Sir Alan Ayckbourn 2010 Ken Loach 2011 Stephen Sondheim 2013 Grayson Perry 2014 Sir Nicholas Hytner 2015 Dame Maggie Smith Category : Performing arts awards", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5349efb37d6a05cec1e9202ce515c28", "text": "List of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film This is a list of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film . The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) has invited the film industries of various countries to submit their best film for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film every year since the award was created in 1956 . The award is presented annually by the Academy to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non-English dialogue . The Foreign Language Film Award Committee oversees the process and reviews all the submitted films . Nine shortlisted contenders will be revealed a week before the announcement of the Oscar nominations . The submitted motion pictures must be first released theatrically in their respective countries between 1 October 2011 , and 30 September 2012 . On 8 October 2012 , the Academy announced the final list of eligible submissions , with a record number of 71 films . Nine finalists were announced in December 2012 , which were shortlisted in January , with the final five nominees announced on 10 January 2013 . The Austrian entry Amour directed by Michael Haneke was the eventual winner . Kenya submitted its first film in the Foreign Language category with Nairobi Half Life . Cambodia made its first submission in 18 years ( and its second overall ) with Lost Loves .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "70547857d976e7a5dd6bbb5d028bfe09", "text": "The Damned United The Damned United is a 2009 British biographical sports drama film directed by Tom Hooper and adapted by Peter Morgan from David Peace 's bestselling novel The Damned Utd , a largely fictional book based on the author 's interpretation of Brian Clough 's ill-fated tenure as football manager of Leeds United in 1974 . It was produced by BBC Films and Left Bank Pictures with additional funding from Screen Yorkshire and Columbia Pictures . Sony Pictures Entertainment distributed the film . The film was originally proposed by Stephen Frears but he pulled out of the project in November 2007 . Hooper took his place and film was shot from May to July 2008 . The film marks the fifth collaboration between screenwriter Peter Morgan and actor Michael Sheen who plays Clough . The film was released in the United Kingdom on 27 March 2009 and in North America on 25 September . The film grossed $ 4.1 million worldwide against a $ 10 million production budget . The film received nominations for the British Independent Film Award for Best Supporting Actor , the ALFS Award for British Supporting Actor of the Year , the Satellite Award for Best Actor in a Motion Picture , Drama and Best Actor in a Supporting Role and the Writers ' Guild of Great Britain Award for Best Feature Film Screenplay .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "1d55fae515a1391e04b8764ea604ee1a", "text": "The Playboy Club The Playboy Club is an American historical crime drama television series that aired on NBC from September 19 to October 3 , 2011 . Set in 1961 , the series centers on the employees ( known as Bunnies ) of the original Playboy Club operating in Chicago . The Playboy Club stars Eddie Cibrian , Laura Benanti , Amber Heard , Jenna Dewan Tatum , Naturi Naughton , Leah Renee , Wes Ramsey , Jenifer Lewis , and David Krumholtz . The Playboy Club was canceled on October 4 , 2011 , after three episodes aired , due to its low ratings . It was the first cancellation of the 2011 -- 12 television season . NBC continued to film the series until October 10 , 2011 , hoping to sell the series to another network . Both Playboy magnate Hugh Hefner and show creator Chad Hodge have expressed hope that the series will be picked up by Bravo . When production wrapped on October 10 , 2011 , Hodge and Laura Benanti both confirmed that they had finished seven episodes , including the pilot . Benanti further stated that the seventh episode has two endings , one of which is more final to the series .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "82216661558cbb40c3aa78dacf33683c", "text": "Hugh Hefner Hugh Marston Hefner ( born April 9 , 1926 ) is an American men 's lifestyle magazine publisher , businessman , and a well-known playboy . Hefner is a native of Chicago , Illinois and a former journalist for Esquire . He is best known for being the founder and chief creative officer of Playboy Enterprises . A self-made multi-millionaire , his net worth is over $ 43 million due to his success as the founder of Playboy magazine . Hefner is also a political activist and philanthropist active in several causes and public issues . He is a World War II veteran .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e8783403278ac59f4d58fc415209476", "text": "Club (magazine) Club is a monthly American pornographic magazine which is a spin-off publication of the United Kingdom 's Club International . Club features sexually oriented articles , video reviews , and pictorials that include hardcore pornography , masturbation , dildo usage , and lesbianism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d244c9a2d117a1a1aa861739c5d5de99", "text": "King of Clubs (TV series) King of Clubs was an adult reality series aired on Playboy TV that ended in May 2009 . It revolved around the Gentile family and their operation of Las Vegas ' historic Palomino Strip Club .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "025b004aacf185183726e3c82104f469", "text": "Renee Tenison Reneé Tenison ( born December 2 , 1968 ) is an American model , actress , and the first African-American selected to be the Playboy Playmate of the Year ( 1990 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47f445d89c26aadc80e7e10b843e8659", "text": "Amber Beattie Amber Louisa Oatley Beattie ( born 22 July 1993 ) is an English actress and singer , mainly known for her roles as Lulu Baker in Jinx ( 2009 ) and as Gretel in The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas ( 2008 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66677b1f7fa9f5b2c87c19f0acad9000", "text": "Playboy After Dark Playboy After Dark is an American television show hosted by Hugh Hefner . It aired in syndication through Screen Gems from 1969 to 1970 and was taped at CBS Television City in Los Angeles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fbb1f3bfc096f30ee06a5c8a66400eae", "text": "Erika Eleniak Erika Eleniak ( born September 29 , 1969 ) is an American Playboy Playmate , former model and actress best known for her role in Baywatch as Shauni McClain . Her film debut was a small part in E.T. : The Extra-Terrestrial ( 1982 ) . She later starred in the films The Blob , Under Siege and The Beverly Hillbillies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a9939f938f2f455e155a7e9efe975dd", "text": "Aspen Miller Aspen Vincent ( née Aspen Miller ) is an American Broadway actress , voice actress and pop singer . She played the role of Dodie Bishop in Nickelodeon 's Emmy-nominated As Told by Ginger , she also performed the role of Baby Alice in the Rugrats episode ` Hurricane Alice ' , was the voice of Amanda Payne in the pilot for Constant Payne , and has done voice-over work for several CD-ROM games including three different characters for Everquest II . Vincent sang the National Anthem for the L.A. Lakers , the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim , and the San Diego Chargers and performed in an a cappella group called Groove 66 at Disney California Adventure Park . Early in her professional career she was a regular in the recording studio , recording jingles and commercials , as well as providing singing voices for Disney characters for their touring productions . Aspen spent 2004-2005 in Las Vegas , performing nightly at the Paris Las Vegas as the female lead `` Scaramouche '' in the rock musical We Will Rock You , where she met her future husband , Tony Vincent , a singer and stage actor . From October 2006 through October 2007 , she toured with Meat Loaf as his duet partner and backup vocalist on his `` Seize the Night tour '' , singing such hits as `` I 'd Do Anything for Love '' and `` Paradise by the Dashboard Light '' . She performed with him at the John Labatt Center , London , Ontario for the `` 3 Bats Live '' concert DVD , and is featured on the documentary DVD `` In Search of Paradise '' . Aspen also toured with the cast of Dirty Dancing in America with her husband Tony . Aspen was a swing in the Broadway production of American Idiot , a show featuring songs of the popular band Green Day . Aspen gave birth to her and Tony 's daughter , Sadie Day , on April 3 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a96fed149591ca6f0cff27eb1f1498bd", "text": "List of accolades received by Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée based on a screenplay written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack . Matthew McConaughey stars as Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient who smuggles unapproved AIDS drug treatments into Texas and establishes the titular club where he distributes them amongst other AIDS sufferers whilst opposed by the Food and Drug Administration . Jared Leto and Jennifer Garner feature in supporting roles . Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 7 , 2013 . Focus Features initially gave the film a limited release at nine theaters on November 1 before expanding it on November 22 to over 600 theaters in the United States and Canada . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 55 million on a production budget of $ 5 million . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 234 reviews and judged 94 % to be positive . Dallas Buyers Club garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for the performances of actors , McConaughey and Leto . At the 86th Academy Awards , the film received six nominations , including Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , Best Actor for McConaughey , and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . McConaughey and Leto went on to win their respective categories -- only the fifth film in Oscars history to win both awards . Hairstylist Adruitha Lee , and makeup artist Robin Mathews won for Best Makeup and Hairstyling . Mathews ' makeup budget for the film was only $ 250 . At the 71st Golden Globe Awards , McConaughey won for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , and Leto won for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture . At the Screen Actors Guild Awards the film had three nominations ; winning Best Actor for McConaughey and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . Borten and Wallack 's screenplay was also nominated for Best Original Screenplay at the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review named Dallas Buyers Club one of the top ten independent films of 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3afd3b0777fc20fb878c4474b0aa8a2", "text": "Danica Dillon Ashley Stamm-Northup ( born January 4 , 1987 ) better known by her stage name Danica Dillon is an American pornographic actress who debuted in 2009 and then went on to appear in mainstream ( non-adult ) roles in cable television movies . Dillon is also a featured dancer at men 's clubs and is a featured guest on radio and podcast shows .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82330c8350475e05759db052a18c1795", "text": "Cameron Marshall Cameron Marshall ( born July 7 , 1986 ) is the stage name of an American adult film actor . Marshall gave his first adult film performance in the movie Little Big League 3 : Bottom of the Ninth , after which he signed a contract as an exclusive for the gay pornographic studio Channel 1 Releasing . Since then , all his performances have been in movies for them . In the 2008 bisexual film Shifting Gears , Marshall had sex with a woman . When the official press release was made public , the film sparked controversy because the term `` Straight-for-pay '' ( a play on the expression `` Gay-for-pay '' ) was coined to reference both Marshall and Blake Riley in heterosexual scenarios . He went to college in Lubbock , Texas , majored in advertising and graphic design . Marshall is included in Channel 1 Releasing 's Rascal Toy Line among the actors in its porn star dildo collection . Cameron Marshall lives in Los Angeles , California . Cameron did his last film in 2011 and is now retired .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e9e175ca32071aa0cbb8d9c7ce0bcd54", "text": "American burlesque American burlesque is a genre of variety show . Derived from elements of Victorian burlesque , music hall and minstrel shows , burlesque shows in America became popular in the 1860s and evolved to feature ribald comedy ( lewd jokes ) and female striptease . By the early 20th century , burlesque in America was presented as a populist blend of satire , performance art , music hall , and adult entertainment , featuring striptease and broad comedy acts . The entertainment was presented often in cabarets and clubs , as well as music halls and theatres . Performers , usually female , often created elaborate tableaux with lush , colorful costumes , mood-appropriate music , and dramatic lighting ; novelty acts , such as fire breathing or contortionists , might be added to enhance the impact of their performance . The genre traditionally encompassed a variety of acts : in addition to the striptease artistes , there was some combination of chanson singers , comedians , mime artists , and dancing girls , all delivered in a satiric style with a saucy edge . The striptease element of burlesque became subject to extensive local legislation , leading to a theatrical form that titillated without falling afoul of censors . Burlesque gradually lost popularity beginning in the 1940s . A number of producers sought to capitalize on nostalgia for the entertainment by attempting to recreate the spirit of burlesque in Hollywood films from the 1930s to the 1960s . There has been a resurgence of interest in this format since the 1990s , and it inspired a 2010 musical film , Burlesque , starring Christina Aguilera and Cher .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94e9769cec0ec823a372682649f8fe5f", "text": "Alicia Burley Alicia Burley ( born February 22 , 1978 , Lowell , Massachusetts , United States ) , is an American model . She was Playboy 's Cyber Girl of the Month for June 2003 , and Cyber Girl of the Year for 2004 . Alicia stands 5 ' 4 '' . She measured 34D-23-33 and weighed 110 pounds when she was chosen as Playboy 's Cyber Girl for the second week of February 2003 . She later was promoted to Cyber Girl of the Month for June 2003 , and eventually attained the title of 2004 Cyber Girl of the Year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "960058442cb2d7d9cd18a9c27ad1fb13", "text": "Amber Asylum Amber Asylum is a highly variable San Francisco-based music group that serves as a platform for composer , singer , and multi-instrumentalist Kris Force . The current lineup of Amber Asylum includes , in addition to Kris Force , Fern Lee Alberts ( Deathgrave ) , Sarah Rosalena Brady and Becky Hawk ( Laudanum ) . Other members and performers have included Steve Von Till ( Neurosis ) , Annabel Lee , Martha Burns , long-time collaborator Jackie Perez Gratz ( Grayceon/Giant Squid/Asunder ) , Erica Stoltz ( Lost Goat , Sanhedrin ) , Wendy Farina , Lorraine Rath ( The Gault/Worm Ouroboros ) , Sarah Schaffer ( The Gault/Weakling ) , John Cobbet ( Hammers of Misfortune/Ludicra , Vhol ) , Eric Wood ( Man Is The Bastard , Bastard Noise ) , Leila Abdul-Rauf ( Saros , Vastum , Hammers of Misfortune , Bastard Noise , Ionophore ) , Chiyo Nukaga ( Noothgrush/Graves At Sea ) , Andrew Veskoukis ( Akphaezya ) and Sigrid Sheie ( Hammers of Misfortune , Vhol ) . Amber Asylum 's music is generally within the neoclassical or dark ambient genres , and it tends towards the romantic , introspective , and brooding . Violin and cello are the dominant instruments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d71bd5acf09151f8f77f7262637af25", "text": "Cara Zavaleta Cara Zavaleta ( born June 15 , 1980 in Bowling Green , Ohio ) is an American model and actress , known for her appearances on the MTV reality series Road Rules : South Pacific , and as the November 2004 Playboy Playmate .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d36ba0c12e496595170fd77cd6594c4", "text": "Andrea Lowell Andrea Lowell ( born 1983 ) is an American actress and model most recognizable from her Playboy magazine nude pictorials and on air work for a variety of Playboy TV programs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fccc0821864bb5a1b6a24813e578f097", "text": "Ashley Blue Ashley Blue ( born Oriana Small July 8 , 1981 ) is an American radio personality , writer , and former pornographic actress . She currently hosts her own Vivid Radio show and writes for Hustler magazine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a30dd073bb1f4110e06e76c5daaa28e2", "text": "Playboy Club (disambiguation) Playboy Club may refer to : Playboy Club , a chain of nightclubs operated by Playboy Enterprises between 1960 and 1991 Playboy Club ( Las Vegas ) , a revival of the chain at the Palms Casino Resort The Playboy Club , an American television series broadcast on NBC", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a14f99c0471bbc96e617684c28157b0", "text": "Mel B Melanie Janine Brown ( born 29 May 1975 ) , better known as Mel B or Melanie B , is an English singer , songwriter , presenter , television personality , dancer , actress , author , and model . Brown rose to fame as a member of the girl group the Spice Girls , in which she became known as Scary Spice . Brown is also known for supporting girl power and earlier global tours , which grossed an estimated $ 500 -- 800 million between 1996 and 2000 . Brown began her solo career when she released `` I Want You Back '' with Missy Elliott on Virgin Records . The single charted at number one on the UK Singles Chart , followed by the release of her debut album , Hot ( 2000 ) . The album also saw the release of two top 10 singles `` Tell Me '' and `` Feels So Good '' . L.A. State of Mind was Brown 's second studio album , released in 2005 on the independent label Amber Café , which saw the release of one single , `` Today '' in June that year . In mid-2012 , Brown announced a return to her solo recording career with the release of her third studio album by signing with EMI Music Australia . The scope of the deal with EMI office includes concessions for global partnering with EMI . The first single from the album , `` For Once in My Life '' was released in September 2013 , becoming Brown 's first record to be released after eight years . Since 2000 , Brown has concentrated on a variety of non-singing projects . She became the presenter of shows such as This Is My Moment , Top of the Pops , Party in the Park and The All Star Animal Awards . In September 2007 , she became a contestant on the fifth season of the American dance competition , Dancing with the Stars ; in which she placed runner-up overall partnered with Maksim Chmerkovskiy . Brown returned to television work becoming a judge for the Australian version of The X Factor from 2011 to 2012 , replacing Kyle Sandilands and having previously been a celebrity mentor on the show in 2010 . In June 2012 , she was a guest judge during the Manchester auditions for the ninth series of The X Factor UK , as one of the temporary replacements for Kelly Rowland ; before the role eventually went to Nicole Scherzinger . She later joined The X Factor UK for its eleventh series in 2014 . During this time she became the female co-host for Dancing with the Stars Australia , in which she hosted the twelfth season alongside Daniel MacPherson . However , Brown resigned from the show and did not return for the thirteenth season in 2013 . In February that year , she officially signed on to become one of the four judges for the variety talent show America 's Got Talent , replacing Sharon Osbourne from the eighth season onwards . On 1 February 2014 , she was revealed to be a coach on The Voice Kids in Australia , which aired in mid-2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e41e0d688364b5ee6d51b0cd3b95e4b4", "text": "Amber Renae Amber Renae is an Australian fashion stylist , designer , television personality and model . She is widely known for her appearance on Arena TV 's Project Runway Australia . Renae has guest-starred on numerous shows , including Mornings with Kerri-Anne and the Dave and Kim Show ; she is now a regular television presenter with Fashion TV . Renae is currently a fashion stylist in her native Australia , working with celebrities , fashion houses , beauty firms , advertising agencies , and magazine editors .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ca019d5af251767932924be2fe6c6de5", "text": "Evil Evil , in a general context is the absence or opposite of that which is described as being good . Often , evil denotes profound immorality . In certain religious contexts , evil has been described as a supernatural force . Definitions of evil vary , as does the analysis of its motives . However , elements that are commonly associated with evil involve unbalanced behavior involving anger , revenge , fear , hatred , psychological trauma , expediency , selfishness , ignorance , or neglect . In cultures with an Abrahamic religious influence , evil is usually perceived as the dualistic antagonistic opposite of good , in which good should prevail and evil should be defeated . In cultures with Buddhist spiritual influence , both good and evil are perceived as part of an antagonistic duality that itself must be overcome through achieving Śūnyatā meaning emptiness in the sense of recognition of good and evil being two opposing principles but not a reality , emptying the duality of them , and achieving a oneness . The philosophical question of whether morality is absolute , relative , or illusory leads to questions about the nature of evil , with views falling into one of four opposed camps : moral absolutism , amoralism , moral relativism , and moral universalism . While the term is applied to events and conditions without agency , the forms of evil addressed in this article presume an evildoer or doers .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "65beeb7080fdcddfd1169548274e4883", "text": "Workplace incivility Workplace incivility has been defined as low-intensity deviant behavior with ambiguous intent to harm the target . Uncivil behaviors are characteristically rude and discourteous , displaying a lack of regard for others . The authors hypothesize there is an `` incivility spiral '' in the workplace made worse by `` asymmetric global interaction '' . Incivility is distinct from violence . The reduction of workplace incivility is a fertile area for applied psychology research .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30685ff1211543a58082b247781a4400", "text": "Violent crime A violent crime or crime of violence is a crime in which an offender uses or threatens force upon a victim . This entails both crimes in which the violent act is the objective , such as murder , as well as crimes in which violence is the means to an end . Violent crimes may , or may not , be committed with weapons . Depending on the jurisdiction , violent crimes may vary from homicide to harassment . Typically , violent criminals includes aircraft hijackers , bank robbers , muggers , burglars , terrorists , carjackers , rapists , kidnappers , torturers , active shooters , murderers , gangsters , drug cartels , and others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31e4fcd034b878a6dab62568a07f983e", "text": "Examination of conscience Examination of conscience is a review of one 's past thoughts , words , actions , and omissions for the purpose of ascertaining their conformity with , or deviation from , the moral law . Among Christians , this is generally a private review ; secular intellectuals have , on occasion , published autocritiques for public consumption . In the Catholic Church penitents who wish to receive the sacrament of penance are encouraged to examine their conscience using the Ten Commandments as a guide , or the Beatitudes , or the virtues and vices . A similar doctrine is taught in Lutheran churches , where penitents who wish to receive Holy Absolution are also asked to use the Ten Commandments as a guide . The process is very similar to the Islamic practice of Muhasaba , or self-reflection . `` The excellence of this practice and its fruitfulness for Christian virtue , '' preached Pope St. Pius X , `` are clearly established by the teaching of the great masters of the spiritual life . '' St. Ignatius of Loyola considered the examination of conscience as the single most important spiritual exercise . In his Spiritual Exercises he presents different forms of it in the particular and general examination ( 24-43 ) . Of the general examination he writes ; `` The first point is to give thanks to God our Lord for the favors received '' ( 43 ) . This point has become a highly developed part of Ignatian spirituality in modern times , and has led to many more positive practices , generally called examen of consciousness . In twice-daily `` examens '' one might review the ways God has been present through one to others , and to oneself through others , and how one has responded , and to proceed with one 's day with gratitude , more aware of the presence of God in one 's life . In general , there is a distinction between the particular examen , which aims to change one particular feature or defect in ones behavior , the examen of consciousness , which is a more nuanced reflection , and the general examination of conscience as used before the sacrament of penance . '' This last method is called examination of conscience because it is a review of one 's actions from a moral point of view , reflecting upon one 's responsibility and looking at one 's sins and weaknesses in preparation for repentance , in contrast with the examen of consciousness which does not focus on morality even if sins will emerge during the review of the day .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "744c5b33194b1099d39829eabafee4fe", "text": "Political violence Political violence is a broad term used to describe violence perpetrated by either persons or governments to achieve political goals . Many groups and individuals believe that their political systems will never respond to their demands . As a result , they believe that violence is not only justified but also necessary in order to achieve their political objectives . Similarly , many governments around the world believe they need to use violence in order to intimidate their populace into acquiescence . At other times , governments use force in order to defend their country from outside invasion or other threats of force and to coerce other governments or conquer territory . Political violence can take a number of forms including but not limited to those listed below . Non-action on the part of the government can also be characterized as a form of political violence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca57f677f21e17146403b92b71dfc811", "text": "Bad magic Bad magic or bad magick may refer to : Black magic , the use of supernatural powers or magic for evil and selfish purposes", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52e04596eff7a5b6cb198f3292237226", "text": "Trust (emotion) In a social context , trust has several connotations . Definitions of trust typically refer to a situation characterized by the following aspects : One party ( trustor ) is willing to rely on the actions of another party ( trustee ) ; the situation is directed to the future . In addition , the trustor ( voluntarily or forcedly ) abandons control over the actions performed by the trustee . As a consequence , the trustor is uncertain about the outcome of the other 's actions ; they can only develop and evaluate expectations . The uncertainty involves the risk of failure or harm to the trustor if the trustee will not behave as desired . Vladimir Ilych Lenin expressed this idea with the sentence `` Trust is good , control is better '' . Trust can be attributed to relationships between people . It can be demonstrated that humans have a natural disposition to trust and to judge trustworthiness that can be traced to the neurobiological structure and activity of a human brain . Some studies indicate that trust can be altered e.g. by the application of oxytocin . Conceptually , trust is also attributable to relationships within and between social groups ( history , families , friends , communities , organisations , companies , nations , etc. ) . It is a popular approach to frame the dynamics of inter-group and intra-group interactions in terms of trust . The trust formations of people towards different actors in society has been shaped into a generic model of trust with three levels of application , i.e. Macro , Micro , and Meso . When it comes to the relationship between people and technology , the attribution of trust is a matter of dispute . The intentional stance demonstrates that trust can be validly attributed to human relationships with complex technologies . However , rational reflection leads to the rejection of an ability to trust technological artefacts . One of the key current challenges in the social sciences is to re-think how the rapid progress of technology has impacted constructs such as trust . This is specifically true for information technology that dramatically alters causation in social systems . In the social sciences , the subtleties of trust are a subject of ongoing research . In sociology and psychology the degree to which one party trusts another is a measure of belief in the honesty , fairness , or benevolence of another party . The term `` confidence '' is more appropriate for a belief in the competence of the other party . Based on the most recent research , a failure in trust may be forgiven more easily if it is interpreted as a failure of competence rather than a lack of benevolence or honesty . In economics , trust is often conceptualized as reliability in transactions . In all cases trust is a heuristic decision rule , allowing the human to deal with complexities that would require unrealistic effort in rational reasoning .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cc42966a4657de2276afc93d2aa60879", "text": "Curse A curse ( also called an imprecation , malediction , execration , malison , anathema , or commination ) is any expressed wish that some form of adversity or misfortune will befall or attach to some other entity : one or more persons , a place , or an object . In particular , `` curse '' may refer to such a wish or pronouncement made effective by a supernatural or spiritual power , such as a god or gods , a spirit , or a natural force , or else as a kind of spell by magic or witchcraft ; in the latter sense , a curse can also be called a hex or a jinx . In many belief systems , the curse itself ( or accompanying ritual ) is considered to have some causative force in the result . To reverse or eliminate a curse is sometimes called `` removal '' or `` breaking '' , and is often believed to require elaborate rituals or prayers . The study of the forms of curses comprise a significant proportion of the study of both folk religion and folklore . The deliberate attempt to levy curses is often part of the practice of magic . In Hindu culture the Sage or Rishi is believed to have the power to bless and curse . Examples include the curse placed by Rishi Bhrigu on king Nahusha and the one placed by Rishi Devala . Special names for specific types of curses can be found in various cultures : African American hoodoo presents us with the jinx and crossed conditions , as well as a form of foot track magic which was used by Ramandeep , whereby cursed objects are laid in the paths of victims and activated when walked over . Middle Eastern and Mediterranean culture is the source of the belief in the evil eye , which may be the result of envy but , more rarely , is said to be the result of a deliberate curse . In order to be protected from the evil eye , a protection item is made from dark blue circular glass , with a circle of white around the black dot in the middle , which is reminiscent of a human eye . The size of the protective eye item may vary . German people , including the Pennsylvania Dutch speak in terms of hexing ( from the German word for witchcraft ) , and a common hex in days past was that laid by a stable-witch who caused milk cows to go dry and horses to go lame .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3bf4222ca701311841f5fa40127b80a", "text": "Tyranny of the majority Tyranny of the majority ( or tyranny of the masses ) refers to an inherent weakness of direct democracy and majority rule in which the majority of an electorate can place its own interests above , and at the expense of , those in the minority . This results in oppression of minority groups comparable to that of a tyrant or despot . Potentially , through tyranny of the majority , a disliked or unfavored ethnic , religious , political , or racial group may be deliberately targeted for oppression by the majority element acting through the democratic process . American founding father Alexander Hamilton writing to Jefferson from the Constitutional Convention argued the same fears regarding the use of pure direct democracy by the majority to elect a demagogue who , rather than work for the benefit of all citizens , set out to either harm those in the minority or work only for those of the upper echelon . The Electoral College mechanism present in the indirect United States presidential election system , and the phenomenon of faithless electors allowed for within it , was , in part , deliberately created as a safety measure not only to prevent such a scenario , but also to prevent the use of democracy to overthrow democracy for an authoritarian , dictatorial or other system of oppressive government . As articulated by Hamilton , one reason the Electoral College was created was so `` that the office of President will never fall to the lot of any man who is not in an eminent degree endowed with the requisite qualifications '' . The scenarios in which tyranny perception occurs are very specific , involving a sort of distortion of democracy preconditions : Centralisation excess : when the centralised power of a federation make a decision that should be local , breaking with the commitment to the subsidiarity principle . Typical solutions , in this condition , are concurrent majority and supermajority rules . Abandonment of rationality : when , as Tocqueville remembered , a decision `` which bases its claim to rule upon numbers , not upon rightness or excellence '' . The use of public consultation , technical consulting bodies , and other similar mechanisms help to improve rationality of decisions before voting on them . Judicial review ( e.g. declaration of nullity of the decision ) is the typical way after the vote . In both cases , in a context of a nation , constitutional limits on the powers of a legislative body , and the introduction of a Bill of Rights have been used to counter the problem . A separation of powers ( for example a legislative and executive majority actions subject to review by the judiciary ) may also be implemented to prevent the problem from happening internally in a government .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7275bfc51418a697fba6058d79fb1249", "text": "Maleficium (sorcery) Maleficium as a Latin term means `` wrongdoing '' or `` mischief '' , and describes malevolent , dangerous , or harmful magic , `` evildoing , '' or `` malevolent sorcery '' . In general , the term applies to any magical act intended to cause harm or death to people or property . Maleficium can involve the act of poisoning or drugging someone . Practitioners of Melificium are not exclusively females , although , popular culture of witchcraft favors it . Women accused of Maleficium were punished by being imprisoned or even executed . In the Byzantine Empire astrologers ( Lat . mathematici ) were considered magical wrongdoers , and so were heretics . The term appears in several historically important texts , notably in the Formicarius ( printed 1475 ) and in the Malleus Maleficarum ( 1487 ) . The Knights Templar were accused by Philip IV of France of maleficium . The trial of the Knights Templar set a social standard for the popular belief in maleficium and witchcraft that contributed to the great European witch hunt . In early New England , more men would get accused of such Maleficium that was `` non-malefic '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "92b7678dfea2870fdf910466d53607fc", "text": "Debiasing Debiasing is the reduction of bias , particularly with respect to judgment and decision making . Biased judgment and decision making is that which systematically deviates from the prescriptions of objective standards such as facts , logic , and rational behavior or prescriptive norms . Biased judgment and decision making exists in consequential domains such as medicine , law , policy , and business , as well as in everyday life . Investors , for example , tend to hold onto falling stocks too long and sell rising stocks too quickly . Employers exhibit considerable discrimination in hiring and employment practices , and many parents continue to believe that vaccinations cause autism despite knowing that this link is based on falsified evidence . At an individual level , people who exhibit less decision bias have more intact social environments , reduced risk of alcohol and drug use , lower childhood delinquency rates , and superior planning and problem solving abilities . Debiasing can occur within the decision maker . For example , a person may learn or adopt better strategies by which to make judgments and decisions . Debiasing can also occur as a result of changes in external factors , such as changing the incentives relevant to a decision or the manner in which the decision is made . There are three general approaches to debiasing judgment and decision making , and the costly errors with which biased judgment and decision making is associated : changing incentives , nudging , and training . Each approach has strengths and weaknesses . For more details , see Morewedge and colleagues ( 2015 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b2bdd727332d235c205f5ea9534eece", "text": "Hate crime A hate crime ( also known as a bias-motivated crime ) is a prejudice-motivated crime , usually violent , which occurs when a perpetrator targets a victim because of his or her membership ( or perceived membership ) in a certain social group . Examples of such groups can include and are almost exclusively limited to : sex , ethnicity , disability , language , nationality , physical appearance , religion , gender identity or sexual orientation . Non-criminal actions that are motivated by these reasons are often called `` bias incidents '' . `` Hate crime '' generally refers to criminal acts which are seen to have been motivated by bias against one or more of the types above , or of their derivatives . Incidents may involve physical assault , damage to property , bullying , harassment , verbal abuse or insults , mate crime or offensive graffiti or letters ( hate mail ) . A hate crime law is a law intended to deter bias-motivated violence . Hate crime laws are distinct from laws against hate speech : hate crime laws enhance the penalties associated with conduct which is already criminal under other laws , while hate speech laws criminalize a category of speech . Hate speech laws exist in many countries . In the US , hate crime laws have been upheld by both the Supreme Court and lower courts , especially in the case of ` fighting ' words and other violent speech , but they are thought by some people to be in conflict with the first amendment right to freedom of speech , so they have occasionally been overturned as unconstitutional .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d1258b3430c6acbc8cf66b49dce4d30d", "text": "Double bind A double bind is an emotionally distressing dilemma in communication in which an individual ( or group ) receives two or more conflicting messages , and one message negates the other . This creates a situation in which a successful response to one message results in a failed response to the other ( and vice versa ) , so that the person will automatically be wrong regardless of response . The double bind occurs when the person can not confront the inherent dilemma , and therefore can neither resolve it nor opt out of the situation . Double bind theory was first described by Gregory Bateson and his colleagues in the 1950s . Double binds are often utilized as a form of control without open coercion -- the use of confusion makes them both difficult to respond to as well as to resist . A double bind generally includes different levels of abstraction in the order of messages and these messages can either be stated explicitly or implicitly within the context of the situation , or they can be conveyed by tone of voice or body language . Further complications arise when frequent double binds are part of an ongoing relationship to which the person or group is committed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9fcbd61ce2f51402415cf26e6e45668a", "text": "Bad faith (existentialism) Bad faith ( from French mauvaise foi ) is a philosophical concept used by existentialist philosophers Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir to describe the phenomenon where human beings under pressure from social forces adopt false values and disown their innate freedom , hence acting inauthentically . It is closely related to the concepts of self-deception and ressentiment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b8ef3cfee29c5c00e2e0285408b1e19", "text": "Theodicy and the Bible Theodicy , in its most common form , is the attempt to answer the question of why a good God permits the manifestation of evil . Theodicy attempts to resolve the evidential problem of evil by reconciling the traditional divine characteristics of omnibenevolence and omnipotence , in either their absolute or relative form , with the occurrence of evil or suffering in the world . `` Writings and discourses on theodicy by Jews , Greeks , Christians , and Eastern religions have graced our planet for thousands of years , '' and `` debates about theodicy continue among believers and unbelievers alike '' . Theodicy is an `` intensely urgent '' and `` constant concern '' of `` the entire Bible '' . Relating theodicy and the Bible is crucial to understanding Abrahamic theodicy because the Bible `` has been , both in theory and in fact , the dominant influence upon ideas about God and evil in the Western world '' . The Bible raises the issue of theodicy by its portrayals of God as inflicting evil and by its accounts of people who question God 's goodness by their angry indictments . However , the Bible `` contains no comprehensive theodicy '' . `` The most common theodicy is the free will theodicy . '' It lays the blame for all moral evil and some natural evil on humanity 's misuse of its free will . This article shows that the free will theodicy interacts with the Bible at its core : what Jesus and Paul say about the freedom of the will and with what kind of freedom of the will God endowed humanity at the Creation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32659355ac829cfdbb19178b66546bf1", "text": "Axis of evil The term axis of evil was used by U.S. President George W. Bush in his State of the Union address on January 29 , 2002 , and often repeated throughout his presidency , to describe governments that his administration accused of sponsoring terrorism and seeking weapons of mass destruction . Iran , Iraq , and North Korea were portrayed by Bush during the State of the Union as building nuclear weapons . The notion of such an axis was used to pinpoint these common enemies of the United States and rally the American populace in support of the War on Terror .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5cddd1e1d8b3dcc07b73989b4c67c33", "text": "Self-envy Self-envy is a psychoanalytic concept developed by Rafael López-Corvo who argues that it is crucial for the understanding of disorders of the self that are manifested in addictions , acting out , and inhibition of creativity . This concept is based on the use of object relations theory , that many psychoanalysts view as a fundamental instrument for examining the architecture of the internal world that describes behavior as influenced by the multiple interactions of early representations of self and other that operate in our inner selves . Self-envy is produced by ` child part self-objects ' , self representations from early development that remain split off from the self and harbor destructive and envious feelings toward the creative aspects of the self and results from direct aggressive attacks by these childhood self-objects against the part of the self identified with a harmonious mother-father or parent-sibling relationship . The internal dynamics of self-envy cause intense unconscious conflict , dissociation , and disturbances of the self , all of which underlie severe psychopathologies , such as repetitive destructive behavior , and even the living of seemingly normal but constricted lives . López-Corvo suggests that the psychoanalytic interpretation of such patients , for whom one part of the self is ruthlessly pitted against another , should address directly the phenomenon of a war within the internal self . W.C.M. Scott first used this term in 1975 in his article `` Remembering sleep and dreaming : self-envy and envy of dreams and dreaming '' in the International Review of Psychoanalysis , Vol . 2/3 ( 1975 ) : 333-354 . López-Corvo credits Scott in his paper `` About Interpretation of Self-Envy '' in the same journal ( 1992 ) : 73 , 719 , and also in his book Self-Envy : Therapy and the Divided Inner World , which also draws from Melanie Klein , Wilfred Bion , and other object-relations theorists in order to develop its more extended argument .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14c11cffc733020fee92f4d27ec4a282", "text": "Profanity Profanity is socially offensive language , which may also be called bad language , strong language , coarse language , foul language , bad words , vulgar language , lewd language , choice words or expletives . The use of such language is swearing , cursing or cussing . Used in this sense , profanity is a subset of a language 's lexicon that is generally considered to be strongly impolite , rude or offensive . It can show a debasement of someone or something , or show intense emotion . Linguistically , profanity takes the form of words or verbal expressions that fall into the category of formulaic language . In its older , more literal sense , `` profanity '' refers to a lack of respect for things that are held to be sacred , which implies anything inspiring deserving of reverence , as well as behaviour showing similar disrespect or causing religious offense .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d30c1dec41995946f3fd584dd832be1", "text": "Problem gambling Problem gambling ( or ludomania , but usually referred to as `` gambling addiction '' or `` compulsive gambling '' ) is an urge to gamble continuously despite harmful negative consequences or a desire to stop . Problem gambling is often defined by whether harm is experienced by the gambler or others , rather than by the gambler 's behaviour . Severe problem gambling may be diagnosed as clinical pathological gambling if the gambler meets certain criteria . Pathological gambling is a common disorder that is associated with both social and family costs . The DSM-5 has re-classified the condition as an addictive disorder , with sufferers exhibiting many similarities to those who have substance addictions . The term gambling addiction has long been used in the recovery movement . Pathological gambling was long considered by the American Psychiatric Association to be an impulse control disorder rather than an addiction . However , data suggest a closer relationship between pathological gambling and substance use disorders than exists between PG and obsessive-compulsive disorder , largely because the behaviors in problem gambling and most primary substance use disorders ( i.e. , those not resulting from a desire to `` self-medicate '' for another condition such as depression ) seek to activate the brain 's reward mechanisms while the behaviors characterizing obsessive-compulsive disorder are prompted by overactive and misplaced signals from the brain 's fear mechanisms .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "706f34aea09a2e17c5045c11bd8c7f53", "text": "Shame Shame is a painful , social emotion that can be seen as resulting '' ... from comparison of the self 's action with the self 's standards ... '' . but which may equally stem from comparison of the self 's state of being with the ideal social context 's standard . Thus , shame may stem from volitional action or simply self-regard ; no action by the shamed being is required : simply existing is enough . Both the comparison and standards are enabled by socialization . Though usually considered an emotion , shame may also variously be considered an affect , cognition , state , or condition . The roots of the word shame are thought to derive from an older word meaning `` to cover '' ; as such , covering oneself , literally or figuratively , is a natural expression of shame . Nineteenth-century scientist Charles Darwin , in his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals , described shame affect as consisting of blushing , confusion of mind , downward cast eyes , slack posture , and lowered head , and he noted observations of shame affect in human populations worldwide . He also noted the sense of warmth or heat ( associated with the vasodilation of the face and skin ) occurring in intense shame . Shame can also result in crying . A `` sense of shame '' is the feeling known as guilt but `` consciousness '' or awareness of `` shame as a state '' or condition defines core/toxic shame ( Lewis , 1971 ; Tangney , 1998 ) . The key emotion in all forms of shame is contempt ( Miller , 1984 ; Tomkins , 1967 ) . Two distinct domains that shame is expressed are the consciousness of self as bad and the other is self as inadequate . People employ negative coping responses to counter deep rooted , associated sense of `` shameworthiness '' . The shame cognition may occur as a result of the experience of shame affect or , more generally , in any situation of embarrassment , dishonor , disgrace , inadequacy , humiliation , or chagrin . A `` state of shame '' is assigned internally from being a victim of environment where the sense of self is stigmatized like being denigrated by caregivers , overtly rejected by parents in favor of siblings needs , etc. and the same is assigned externally , by others , regardless of one 's own experience or awareness . `` To shame '' generally means to actively assign or communicate a state of shame to another . Behaviors designed to `` uncover '' or `` expose '' others are sometimes used for this purpose , as are utterances like `` Shame ! '' or `` Shame on you ! '' Finally , to `` have shame '' means to maintain a sense of restraint against offending others ( as with modesty , humility , and deference ) while to `` have no shame '' is to behave without such restraint ( as with excessive pride or hubris ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ae2b89967ae440f40031f9109318b82", "text": "Group entity In individualist anarchist discourse , a group entity is usually distinguished from an individual hominid , or animal groups from a single living being of any sexual species . All group-entities are assumed to have certain characteristics in common , most of them sociopathic or destructive to the interests of individuals . Some support exists for this political view in modern human sciences . Mainstream psychological and sociological research identifies characteristics of human groups including groupthink , peer pressure and mass hysteria that support this view , but fall short of identifying all group-entities as malignant . Political science identifies phenomena such as mob rule , mass hysteria and moral panic but of course also studies positive cooperation such as social capital and political virtues but also more debatable phenomena such as the political party . See below for references to fields and authorities supporting this view . Users of the term group entity effectively signal a critical view of group actions and skepticism of positive claims for human group achievements , usually preferring to attribute group success to underlying individual leadership and relationships .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "15682406c9e388f266ee3d5eb1fa0519", "text": "Bali Bali ( Balinese : ) is an island and province of Indonesia . The province includes the island of Bali and a few smaller neighbouring islands , notably Nusa Penida , Nusa Lembongan , and Nusa Ceningan . It is located at the westernmost end of the Lesser Sunda Islands , between Java to the west and Lombok to the east . Its capital , Denpasar , is located in the southern part of the island . With a population of 3,890,757 in the 2010 census , and 4,225,000 as of January 2014 , the island is home to most of Indonesia 's Hindu minority . According to the 2010 Census , 83.5 % of Bali 's population adhered to Balinese Hinduism , followed by 13.4 % Muslim , Christianity at 2.5 % , and Buddhism 0.5 % . Bali is a popular tourist destination , which has seen a significant rise in tourists since the 1980s . Tourism-related business makes up 80 % of its economy . It is renowned for its highly developed arts , including traditional and modern dance , sculpture , painting , leather , metalworking , and music . The Indonesian International Film Festival is held every year in Bali . In March 2017 , TripAdvisor named the island the world 's top destination in its Traveler 's choice award . Bali is part of the Coral Triangle , the area with the highest biodiversity of marine species . In this area alone over 500 reef building coral species can be found . For comparison , this is about 7 times as many as in the entire Caribbean . Most recently , Bali was the host of the 2011 ASEAN Summit , 2013 APEC and Miss World 2013 . Bali is the home of the Subak Irrigation System , a UNESCO World Heritage Site .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "5f41a534e03bfaa4261af3cb137eac0f", "text": "Banda Aceh Banda Aceh , formerly known as Kutaradja , is the capital and largest city in the province of Aceh , Indonesia . It is located on the island of Sumatra and has an elevation of 35 meters . The city covers an area of 64 square kilometres and had a population of 219,070 people , according to the 2000 census . Banda Aceh is located on the northwestern tip of Indonesia at the mouth of the Aceh River . The city was originally established as Bandar Aceh Darussalam Kandang and served as a capital and hub for the Sultanate of Aceh upon its foundation in the late 15th century . Later its name was changed to Bandar Aceh Darussalam , and then became popularly known as Banda Aceh . The first part of the name comes from the Persian bandar meaning `` port '' or `` haven . '' The city is also dubbed the `` port to Mecca , '' or the `` porch of Mecca '' ( Indonesian : Serambi Mekkah ) in reference to the days when hajj pilgrims travelled by sea from Indonesia and would make a stop over in the city before continuing their journey to Mecca . Banda Aceh had long been at the centre of protracted conflicts between the Acehnese and foreign domination , including war with Portuguese , wars with the Dutch , the Japanese and the Indonesian government . The city rose to international prominence in the aftermath of the Indian Ocean earthquake in 2004 , which struck off the western coast of Sumatra . Banda Aceh was the closest major city to the earthquake 's epicentre , which lay 249 km off the coast . It suffered great damage in the earthquake and further damage when a tsunami struck shortly afterwards . 167,000 people died as a result and many more were injured . The aftermath of the tsunami has seen a cessation of much of the conflict in the city and province , and domestic and international aid as a result has seen a major modernisation and reconstruction of the city over the past decade .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "016c5c2227af80e3326c077d9651352c", "text": "Kuta South South Kuta ( Indonesian : Kecamatan Kuta Selatan ) is a district within Badung Regency of Bali . It covers 101.13 km2 and home to 116,143 people as of 2010 Census , like other places in the regency , it has seen tremendous population growth , and basically covers Jimbaran and everything to the south ( Bukit Peninsula ) . To the north is Kuta District , and the south is Indian Ocean . It contains six villages , namely Pecatu with Uluwatu in it , Ungasan , Kutuh , Benoa , Tanjung Benoa and upmarket Nusa Dua , and Jimbaran .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd78cdf33cce18d60556c0aae24f784a", "text": "Geography of Fiji -RSB- Fiji is a group of volcanic islands in the South Pacific , lying about 4,450 km ( 2,775 mi ) southwest of Honolulu and 1,770 km ( 1,100 mi ) north of New Zealand . Of the 332 islands and 522 smaller islets making up the archipelago , about 106 are permanently inhabited . Viti Levu , the largest island , covers about 57 % of the nation 's land area , hosts the two official cities ( the capital Suva , and Lautoka ) and most other major towns , such as Nausori , Vaileka , Ba , Tavua , Kororvou , Nasinu , and Nadi ( the site of the international airport ) , and contains some 69 % of the population . Vanua Levu , 64 km to the north of Viti Levu , covers just over 30 % of the land area though is home to only some 15 % of the population . Its main towns are Labasa and Savusavu . In the northeast it features Natewa Bay , carving out the Loa peninsula . Both islands are mountainous , with peaks up to 1300 m rising abruptly from the shore , and covered with tropical forests . Heavy rains ( up to 304 cm or 120 inches annually ) fall on the windward ( southeastern ) side , covering these sections of the islands with dense tropical forest . Lowlands on the western portions of each of the main islands are sheltered by the mountains and have a well-marked dry season favorable to crops such as sugarcane . Other islands and island groups , which cover just 12.5 % of the land area and house some 16 % of the population , include Taveuni southeast off Vanua Levu and Kadavu Island , south off Viti Levu ( the third and fourth largest islands respectively ) , the Mamanuca Group ( just off Nadi ) and Yasawa Group ( to the north of the Mamanucas ) , which are popular tourist destinations , the Lomaiviti Group ( just off Suva ) with Levuka , the former capital and the only major town on any of the smaller islands , located on the island of Ovalau , and the remote Lau Group over the Koro Sea to the east near Tonga , from which it is separated by the Lakeba Passage . Two outlying regions are Rotuma , 400 km to the north , and the uninhabited coral atoll and cay Ceva-i-Ra or Conway Reef , 450 km to the southwest of main Fiji . Culturally conservative Rotuma with its 2000 people on 44 km2 geographically belongs to Polynesia , and enjoys relative autonomy as a Fijian dependency . Fiji Television reported on 21 September 2006 that the Fiji Islands Maritime and Safety Administration ( FIMSA ) , while reviewing its outdated maritime charts , had discovered the possibility that more islands could lie within Fiji 's Exclusive Economic Zone . More than half of Fiji 's population lives on the island coasts , either in Suva or in smaller urban centers . The interior is sparsely populated because of its rough terrain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d36565df079eae3257b50da8fbaa9309", "text": "Brumer Islands Brumer Islands are an island group of Papua New Guinea . The islands are located off the southeast coast of New Guinea , about 10 km from the South Cape . Badila Bedda Bedda Bonarua ( 2,49 km ² ) , is the westernmost island of the group . it is long and narrow , and extends over 14 km from northeast to southwest . It is dense with coconut forests and other trees . The soil is fertile . In the valleys , many fenced fields of the farmers who raise bananas and sugar cane can be seen . At its highest point , Mount Bonarua , it reaches 120 m . There is a light beacon on the southwest cape of the island . Harikoia , the second largest island ( 1,32 km ² ) is located east of Badila Bedda Bedda Bonarua , it is higher and reaches 165 m. The other islands of the group , including Ahana rock , are all located southeast of Harikoia . The islands belong to Alotau LLG , and are not related to Louisiade archipelago .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c83f2bea2bd76c2fba3affcef9af2d3", "text": "Timor Timor is an island at the southern end of Maritime Southeast Asia , north of the Timor Sea . The island is divided between the sovereign states of East Timor on the eastern part and Indonesia , on the western part . The Indonesian part , also known as West Timor , constitutes part of the province of East Nusa Tenggara . Within West Timor lies an exclave of East Timor called Oecusse District . The island covers an area of 30,777 km2 . The name is a variant of timur , Malay for `` east '' ; it is so called because it lies at the eastern end of the Lesser Sunda Islands .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4a064cc3de9a61e0c7d79b59f800c80", "text": "Mount Tambora Mount Tambora is an active stratovolcano which is a peninsula of and the highest peak on the island of Sumbawa in Indonesia . Sumbawa is flanked both to the north and south by oceanic crust , and Tambora was formed by the active subduction zone beneath it . This raised Mount Tambora as high as 4300 m , making it one of the tallest peaks in the Indonesian archipelago in the 18th century . After a large magma chamber inside the mountain filled over the course of several decades , volcanic activity reached a historic climax in the eruption of 10 April 1815 . This eruption had a volcanic explosivity index ( VEI ) of 7 , the only unambiguously confirmed VEI-7 eruption since the Lake Taupo eruption in about AD 180 . ( The 946 eruption of Paektu Mountain might also have been VEI-7 . ) Tambora 's last eruption was in 1967 . It was rated VEI-0 . With an estimated ejecta volume of 160 km3 , Tambora 's 1815 outburst is the largest volcanic eruption in recorded history . The explosion was heard on Sumatra , more than 2000 km away . Heavy volcanic ash falls were observed as far away as Borneo , Sulawesi , Java , and the Maluku Islands . Most of the deaths from the eruption were from starvation and disease , as the eruptive fallout ruined agricultural productivity in the local region . The death toll was at least 71,000 people , of whom 11,000 -- 12,000 were killed directly by the eruption ; the oft-cited figure of 92,000 people killed is believed to be an overestimate . The eruption caused global climate anomalies that included the phenomenon known as `` volcanic winter '' : 1816 became known as the `` Year Without a Summer '' because of the effect on North American and European weather . Crops failed and livestock died in much of the Northern Hemisphere , resulting in the worst famine of the 19th century . During an excavation in 2004 , a team of archaeologists discovered cultural remains buried by the 1815 eruption . They were kept intact beneath the 3-metre-deep pyroclastic deposits . At the site , dubbed the `` Pompeii of the East '' , the artifacts were preserved in the positions they had occupied in 1815 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "340bb512547789fb4c90721dd39e653d", "text": "Bali tiger The Bali tiger ( Panthera tigris balica ) , harimau Bali in Indonesian , or samong in Balinese , is an extinct tiger subspecies that was native to the Indonesian island of Bali . It was the first tiger subspecies that became extinct in recent times . It was one of three subspecies of tigers found in Indonesia , together with the Javan tiger , which is also extinct , and the Critically Endangered Sumatran tiger . It was the smallest of the tiger subspecies . The last specimen definitely recorded was a female shot at Sumbar Kima , west Bali , on 27 September 1937 . However , a few animals likely survived into the 1940s and possibly 1950s . The subspecies became extinct because of habitat loss and hunting . Given the small size of the island and limited forest cover , the original population could never have been large .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ccbbf1bcf5c3afe3868da4e7bf49722d", "text": "Sebuku Sebuku or Seboekoe can refer to either of the following islands . Sebuku ( Sumatra ) , located near the island of Sumatra Sebuku ( Borneo ) , located near the island of Borneo", "title": "" }, { "docid": "833dd2dc00f9a6c25e0426fe51323582", "text": "Geography of Singapore Singapore is a small , heavily urbanised , island city-state in Southeast Asia , located at the end of the Malayan Peninsula between Malaysia and Indonesia . Singapore has a total land area of 719.1 km2 . The Singapore area comprises mainland and other islands . The mainland of Singapore measures 50 km from east to west and 27 km from north to south with 193 km of coastline . These figures are based on 2.515 m High Water Mark cadastral survey boundaries . Singapore is separated from Indonesia by the Singapore Strait and from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3c783136ed12dac81900d3a1dcf76651", "text": "Mount Lokon Mount Lokon , together with Mount Empung , is a twin volcano ( 2.2 km apart ) in the northern Sulawesi , Indonesia , roughly 10 km south of Manado . Both rise above the Tondano plain and are among active volcanoes of Sulawesi . Mount Lokon has a flat and craterless top . Its active crater is located on its foot , named `` Tompaluan '' crater . Lokon formed during a period of andesitic volcanism on ring fractures resulting from the Tondano caldera 's early to mid-Pleistocene collapse . Recently erupted material remains andesitic in composition and consists of ash plumes and , less commonly , pyroclastic flows and lava domes . The volcano erupted on 15 July 2011 , forcing thousands of people to evacuate . The volcano again began showing signs of activity on 10 February 2012 , and 19 September 2012 ( 11:01 pm ) . An eruption occurred at 8:20 , am the same day sending an ash plume two miles into the sky . Local residents have been evacuated from a two and a half mile exclusion zone around the volcano . An eruption occurred on 17 December 2012 . Indonesia has 129 volcanoes including Mount Lokon . The eruption of Mount Lokon in 1991 killed a Swiss hiker and forced thousands of people to flee their homes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e55436cda6470e25b0ba46943aa8c4d6", "text": "Indonesia–Italy relations Indonesia -- Italy relations refers to the bilateral relations of Indonesia and Italy . Italy has shown strong desire to improve its relations with Indonesia , especially in intercultural understanding and trade . Indonesia recognizes Italy 's strategic location and important role in the middle of Mediterranean region , while Italy has favoured relations with Indonesia , and sees Indonesia as the leader in Southeast Asia . The relations between two countries not only important to bridge the two regional communities ; European Union and ASEAN , but also vital as intercultural and interfaith dialog , since Indonesia has the largest Muslim population in the world , and Italy is the heart of the Catholic faith . Indonesia has an embassy in Rome , that also accredited to Malta , Cyprus , San Marino , and international organizations such as FAO , IFAD , WFP , and UNIDROIT , while Italy has an embassy in Jakarta .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4754c67e8e312548d5124648f47639a6", "text": "Traditions of Indonesia Traditions of Indonesia are traditions , beliefs , values , and customs that belong within the culture of Indonesian people . Indonesia is a vast country of sprawling archipelago with a diverse demographic range of over 300 ethnic groups , and speaking more than 700 living languages . With 202.9 million Muslim s ( 88.2 % of the total population as of 2009 ) , Indonesia has the largest Muslim population in the world . Indonesia also has significant numbers of Christians . Protestant and Catholics population are the majority , with other Christian groups existing as well . The majority of Hindu demographics in Indonesia living in the island of Bali . Buddhist Indonesian are located throughout the country , and are ethnically identified as Chinese Indonesians .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5e2e7bcbde40774ec4f51ea60d666e0", "text": "Archipelagic state An archipelagic state is any internationally recognized state or country that comprises a series of islands that form an archipelago . The term is defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in order to define what borders such states should be allowed to claim . In various conferences , Fiji , Indonesia , Papua New Guinea , the Bahamas , and the Philippines are the five sovereign states that obtained approval in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea signed in Montego Bay , Jamaica on December 10 , 1982 and qualified as archipelagic states . Archipelagic states are states that are composed of groups of islands forming a state as a single unit , with the islands and the waters within the baselines as internal waters . Under this concept ( `` archipelagic doctrine '' ) , an archipelago shall be regarded as a single unit , so that the waters around , between , and connecting the islands of the archipelago , irrespective of their breadth and dimensions , form part of the internal waters of the state , and are subject to its exclusive sovereignty . The approval of the United Nations for the five sovereign states as archipelagic states respect existing agreements with other countries and shall recognize traditional fishing rights and other legitimate activities of the immediately adjacent neighboring countries in certain areas falling within archipelagic waters . The terms and conditions for the exercise of such rights and activities , including the nature , the extent and the areas to which they apply , shall , at the request of any of the countries concerned , be regulated by bilateral agreements between them . Such rights shall not be transferred to or shared with third countries or their nationals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e413de990bb015d0c530d2cdf67a4eb0", "text": "Banda Islands The Banda Islands ( Kepulauan Banda ) are a volcanic group of ten small volcanic islands in the Banda Sea , about 140 km south of Seram Island and about 2000 km east of Java , and are part of the Indonesian province of Maluku . The main town and administrative centre is Bandanaira , located on the island of the same name . They rise out of 4 to deep ocean and have a total land area of approximately 180 km2 . They have a population of about 15,000 . Until the mid-19th century the Banda Islands were the world 's only source of the spices nutmeg and mace , produced from the nutmeg tree . The islands are also popular destinations for scuba diving and snorkeling .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "696bf3474f77dbc0c149468deae675b2", "text": "Lombok Lombok is an island in West Nusa Tenggara province , Indonesia . It forms part of the chain of the Lesser Sunda Islands , with the Lombok Strait separating it from Bali to the west and the Alas Strait between it and Sumbawa to the east . It is roughly circular , with a `` tail '' ( Sekotong Peninsula ) to the southwest , about 70 km across and a total area of about 4,514 km ² . The provincial capital and largest city on the island is Mataram . It is somewhat similar in size and density with neighboring Bali and shares some cultural heritage , but is administratively part of Nusa Tenggara Barat along with sparsely populated Sumbawa . It is surrounded by a number of smaller islands locally called Gili . The island was home to some 3.17 million Indonesians as recorded in the decennial 2010 census ; the latest estimate ( for January 2014 ) gives the population as 3,311,044 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5dc2c6d91635019763327adc9ae0f9fa", "text": "Bintan Island Bintan Island or Negeri Segantang Lada is an island in the Riau archipelago of Indonesia . It is part of the Riau Islands province , the capital of which , Tanjung Pinang , lies in the island 's south and is the island 's main community . Bintan 's land area is 2402.28 km2 ( total area is 60057 km2 including 96 % sea area ) . Its administrative region is designated the Bintan Island Regency , one of the six administrative regions of the Riau Islands province . The city of Tanjung Pinang is an autonomous area within the Bintan Island . Bintan 's history is traced to the early 3rd century . The island flourished as a trading post on the route between China and India , and over the centuries it came under the control of the Chinese , the British , and then the Dutch when it was declared part of the Dutch East Indies through the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824 . In the 12th century , the Bintan island in the Strait of Malacca was known as the `` Pirate Island '' since the Malay pirates used to loot trading ships sailing in these waters . Singapore , the closest major city , is a 45-50 minute trip by motorised catamaran across the Singapore Strait from Bintan Resort area in the northwest of the island . The island has beaches with beach-front International hotels and resorts ; the most prominent of these beaches is the Bintan Resorts set over an area of 300 ha of tropical environment . The archipelago of the Riau islands is right opposite to this resort across the South China Sea . Indonesia is promoting Bintan as the next best tourist destination after Bali .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca88fec599dc35e9c266801ec30f35d1", "text": "Panaitan Panaitan ( Prinsen , or Prince 's Island ; sometimes also Princess Island ) ( 1450 m ) is an island in the Sunda Strait , between Java and Sumatra , and in the Indonesian province of Banten . It is the largest island in the strait , and is located near the westernmost tip of Java ( Java Head ) . Like the nearby Krakatoa , it too is volcanic in origin , although there are no known historic eruptions . The name ` Prince 's Island ' apparently is because the island was considered the property of Javan princes . Administratively , the island is a part of Pandeglang Regency . Panaitan did not suffer as badly from the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa as many of the other islands in the area did , only the north and eastern parts of the island were hit by the tsunamis , but only about 55 bodies were found later . These included a hajji with royal permission to cut wood and about 50 squatters . The island is the location of multiple world class surfing waves . It covers roughly 170 square kilometers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea0b0f5a5f642e596fe6436a8608e62b", "text": "Semarajaya Museum The Semarajaya Museum is a museum located in Klungkung on Bali , Indonesia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5347cfab962d7325ae05f16e43e67bc", "text": "Bali, Baghpat district Bali is a village in Uttar Pradesh , India . It is located in the Baghpat block of the Baghpat district .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1d5ff236e41865ac7dabec88048d499", "text": "Indonesia–Vietnam relations Indonesia -- Vietnam relations are foreign bilateral relations between Indonesia and Vietnam . Indonesia and Vietnam are neighboring nations that have a maritime border which lies on the South China Sea . Both countries are the member of ASEAN and APEC .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "bfda64ceebf67ae6e0927ddae5bcb734", "text": "Halle Berry Halle Maria Berry ( born Maria Halle Berry ; August 14 , 1966 ) is an American actress . She won the 2002 Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in the romantic drama Monster 's Ball ( 2001 ) . As of 2017 , she is the only black woman to have won a Best Actress Academy Award . Berry was one of the highest paid actresses in Hollywood during the 2000s and has been involved in the production of several of the films in which she performed . She is also a Revlon spokesmodel . Before becoming an actress , she started modeling and entered several beauty contests , finishing as the 1st runner-up in the Miss USA Pageant and coming in 6th place in the Miss World Pageant in 1986 . Her breakthrough film role was in the romantic comedy Boomerang ( 1992 ) , alongside Eddie Murphy , which led to roles in films such as the comedy The Flintstones ( 1994 ) , the political comedy-drama Bulworth ( 1998 ) and the television film Introducing Dorothy Dandridge ( 1999 ) , for which she won the Emmy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Actress , among many other awards . In addition to her Academy Award win , Berry garnered high-profile roles in the 2000s such as Storm in the X-Men film series ( beginning in 2000 ) , the action crime thriller Swordfish ( 2001 ) , and the spy film Die Another Day ( 2002 ) , where she played Bond Girl Jinx . She then appeared in the X-Men sequels , X2 ( 2003 ) and X-Men : The Last Stand ( 2006 ) . In the 2010s , she appeared in movies such as the science fiction film Cloud Atlas ( 2012 ) , the crime thriller The Call ( 2013 ) and X-Men : Days of Future Past ( 2014 ) . Berry was formerly married to baseball player David Justice , and singer-songwriter Eric Benét . She has a daughter by model Gabriel Aubry , and a son by actor Olivier Martinez .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "413acf11db41a24cc1408a1fcef9933c", "text": "Antoine Halley Antoine Halley ( 1593 -- 3 June 1675 ) was a French professor and poet . Halley was born at Bazenville near Bayeux . A professor of belles-lettres and Principal of the Collège du Bois , at the University of Caen , he succeeded Antoine Gosselin and distinguished himself from the age of twenty-two , by his eloquence and the brilliance of his teaching . He taught Latin poetry at the University of Caen , for nearly forty years . He cultivated Latin and French poetry and won the prize of the Immaculate Conception time and again so that the Académie des Sciences , Arts et Belles-Lettres de Caen pleaded with him to quit competing . Halley had ties with Charles de la Rue and Huet , the bishop of Avranches . The latter urged him to publish his poems . Huet , in his Origines de Caen , hailed him as mentor : `` I am obliged to give this testimony of gratitude to Mr. Halley . I deem it one of the greatest joys of my life to have been his disciple at his home for five years . He trained my mind , he refined my taste , he gave me an understanding of good authors . He taught me an infinite number of rare and curious things . '' Halley , in the meantime , professed no less esteem for his former student , sending him a poem a propos his book De Interpretatione . He also published a Traité sur la grammaire latine , at Caen in 1652 . His collection of Poems is dedicated to the Duke of Montausier , the tutor of the dauphin and governor of Normandy . Cadomus , a play in which he paid tribute to all the literary celebrities born in his city , from Nicole Oresme , tutor of Charles V , to Pierre Patrix , the favorite poet of Gaston d'Orleans , is amongst his best . When the chancellor Pierre Séguier , who had subdued the Harelle revolt of 1640 with undue harshness , made his way to Caen , Halley sent him far too flattering a couplet for the occasion . In 1642 , he thanked him for having increased the privileges of the Académie de Caen , founded by Moisant de Brieux . He addressed the Dauphin a long letter in Latin verse reminding him about the origins of the kings of France and celebrating the Trojan kings Dardanus , Erichthonius , Tros , Ilus , Laomedon and Priam , the supposed ancestors of Louis XIV . A few letters written at Lisieux by Jean-Pierre Camus , the bishop of Belley have been found in his works . One of them is dated thus : `` At Lisieux , on November 22nd , the day of St. Cecilia , patron saint of music , sister of poetry . When the Duchesse de Longueville came to Caen in 1648 , Halley was commissioned to compose the verses that decorated the tables placed at city 's expense on the way of the Duchess and her two children . In 1649 , during the famous Jobelins and Uranists Quarrel , Aubert , the princess ' chaplain , sent him the Voiture and Benserade 's sonnets , to get his opinion , as the French Academy had refused to get involved . That grave matter had been evoked before the very king , queen and princes , who were not able to settle it . It was then agreed that it was necessary to submit it to Halley whose decision would be final . The latter found in favor of Voiture against Benserade , i.e. in favor of the Duchesse de Longueville . Pierre Bayle has proclaimed Halley to be `` one of the greatest poets of his century '' ; even if his French poetry is weak , his Latin rhymes lack neither ease nor elegance . La Rue , Huet , Gilles Ménage , Lesueur de Pétiville , Pierre Cailly , and Michel Gonfrey have composed Latin verses in his honor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "152198540efd9a81599b327fcd07b572", "text": "W. H. Berry William Henry Berry ( 23 March 1870 -- 2 May 1951 ) , always billed as W. H. Berry , was an English comic actor . After learning his craft in pierrot and concert entertainments , he was spotted by the actor-manager George Grossmith Jr. , and appeared in a series of musical comedies in comic character roles . His greatest success was as Mr. Meebles , the hapless magistrate in The Boy in 1917 . Berry was a pioneer broadcaster , making radio appearances within months of the launch of the BBC . He was still broadcasting in the late 1930s . He also appeared in variety .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8b6397c9919fcf5153905962b6568e3", "text": "Dovey Johnson Roundtree Dovey Johnson Roundtree ( born April 17 , 1914 ) is an African-American civil rights activist , ordained minister , and attorney . Her 1955 victory before the Interstate Commerce Commission in the first bus desegregation case to be brought before the ICC resulted in the only explicit repudiation of the `` separate but equal '' doctrine in the field of interstate bus transportation by a court or federal administrative body . That case , Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company ( 64 MCC 769 ( 1955 ) ) , which Dovey Roundtree argued with her law partner and mentor Julius Winfield Robertson , was invoked by Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy during the 1961 Freedom Riders ' campaign in his successful battle to compel the Interstate Commerce Commission to enforce its rulings and end Jim Crow in public transportation . Roundtree was saluted by First Lady Michelle Obama on the occasion of the release of her 2009 autobiography , Justice Older than the Law , which Roundtree co-authored with Washington journalist Katie McCabe and which won the 2009 Letitia Woods Brown Award from the Association of Black Women Historians . In a letter made public at a July 23 , 2009 tribute to Roundtree at the Women in Military Service for America Memorial at Arlington National Cemetery , the First Lady cited Roundtree 's historic contributions to the law , the military and the ministry , and stated : `` It is on the shoulders of people like Dovey Johnson Roundtree that we stand today , and it is with her commitment to our core ideals that we will continue moving toward a better tomorrow . '' A protégé of black activist and educator Mary McLeod Bethune , Roundtree was selected by Bethune for the first class of African-American women to be trained as officers in the newly created Women 's Army Auxiliary Corps ( later the Women 's Army Corps ) during World War II . In 1961 she became one of the first women to receive full ministerial status in the African Methodist Episcopal Church , which had just begun ordaining women at a level beyond mere preachers in 1960 . With her controversial admission to the all-white Women 's Bar of the District of Columbia in 1962 , she broke the color bar for minority women in the Washington legal community . In one of Washington 's most sensational and widely covered murder cases , United States v. Ray Crump , tried in the summer of 1965 on the eve of the Watts riots , Roundtree won acquittal for the black laborer accused of the murder of Georgetown socialite ( and former wife of a CIA officer ) Mary Pinchot Meyer , a woman with romantic ties to President John F. Kennedy . The founding partner of the Washington , D.C. law firm of Roundtree , Knox , Hunter and Parker in 1970 following the death of her first law partner Julius Robertson in 1961 , Roundtree was special consultant for legal affairs to the AME Church , and General Counsel to the National Council of Negro Women . She was the inspiration for actress Cicely Tyson 's depiction of a maverick civil rights lawyer in the television series `` Sweet Justice '' , and the recipient , along with retired Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor , of the American Bar Association 's 2000 Margaret Brent Women Lawyers of Achievement Award . In 2011 a scholarship fund was created in her name by the Charlotte Chapter of the National Alumnae Association of Spelman College . Roundtree also received the 2011 Torchbearer Award from the Women 's Bar Association of the District of Columbia , the organization which she integrated in 1962 . In March 2013 an affordable senior living facility in the Southeast Washington DC community where she ministered was named `` The Roundtree Residences '' in her honor . She turned 100 in April 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "147d1863f96c3daec3754e431c7d5ac2", "text": "Rachel Berry (legislator) Rachel Emma Berry ( née Allen ) ( March 11 , 1859 -- November 25 , 1948 ) was an American suffragist and politician who in 1914 was elected to a seat in the Arizona House of Representatives to represent Apache County , Arizona .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a4c5695c7429e9f2b1e42ed22d53383", "text": "Sugar Symphony Sugar Symphony is the debut extended play ( EP ) by American recording duo Chloe x Halle . It was released under Parkwood Entertainment , under exclusive license to Columbia Records , on April 29 , 2016 . The EP was their first official release since being signed by Beyoncé . The EP features their debut single , `` Drop '' . The music video for the single was directed by Andrew Hines , and currently has over two million views on YouTube . In March 2016 , Michelle Obama introduced Chloe and Halle at the White House Easter Egg Roll , where they performed `` Fall '' from the EP , alongside Michelle Obama 's `` This Is For My Girls '' and an unreleased track , `` Baby Bird '' . In June , they performed `` Drop '' at the YouTube Music Foundry in New York City , and later in the month at the BET Awards 2016 in Los Angeles . In July , they performed songs from the EP as a support act for the European leg of Beyoncé 's The Formation World Tour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b0ed25a1a3c5407a174876a8d01244e", "text": "Chuck Berry Is on Top Chuck Berry Is on Top is the third studio album by rock and roll pioneer Chuck Berry , released in July 1959 on Chess Records , catalogue LP 1435 . With the exception of one track , `` Blues for Hawaiians , '' all selections had been previously released on 45 rpm singles . In his review of the album for Allmusic , Cub Koda described it as `` almost a mini-greatest-hits package in and of itself '' and the most perfectly realized collection of Berry 's career .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40c4934e90e209f88a983750e4988d31", "text": "Berry Center Berry Center may refer to : Richard E. Berry Educational Support Center , Cypress , Texas , United States Berry Events Center , Marquette , Michigan , United States", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0a7c5eb81a1d0ca50a2e3c0b82b13c4", "text": "Alexandra Burke discography The discography of British R&B and pop recording artist Alexandra Burke , which consists of one studio album , seven singles as a main artist , two as a featured artist and nine music videos . All songs which have been released under the recording label of Sony BMG and Syco Music . Alexandra made her debut in 2008 when she auditioned for British reality talent show , The X Factor during the fifth series , and ultimately won the show on 12 December 2008 . During the series she dueted with Beyoncé Knowles on Knowles ' `` Listen '' . After winning the show , she instantly had a record deal with Sony BMG and Syco Music and released debut single , `` Hallelujah '' . `` Hallelujah '' peaked at number-one on the UK Singles Chart and the Irish Singles Chart . The song became the current European record holder for single sales over a period of 24 hours , selling 105,000 copies in one day . It was also the top-selling song of the year in the UK , and became the 2008 UK Christmas number one single . By January 2009 , UK sales of Burke 's version had passed one million copies , a first for a British female soloist . The music video for the song was directed by Max and Dania who directed the charity single Burke released with fellow X Factor Finalists 2008 , `` Hero '' which also charted at number-one on the UK Singles Chart and Irish Singles Chart . Burke returned in late 2009 with follow up single , `` Bad Boys '' which featured vocals from American rapper , Flo Rida . She performed the song on the first live show of the sixth series of The X Factor . The R&B single debuted at number-one on the UK Singles Chart and Irish Singles Chart as well as Burke gaining international success with the single . `` Bad Boys '' went on to gain a Platinum certification and Burke was nominated for a BRIT Award , it was the second time Burke was nominated for the Best British Single , first time with `` Hallelujah '' . In the UK , `` Bad Boys '' is the 18th Biggest Download of all time . She released her debut album Overcome in October 2009 . It was described as `` edgy '' and `` beaty '' . The album was said to resemble artists such as Rihanna or Lady Gaga . Upon the release of the album , the album went straight to number one on the UK Albums Chart selling 132,065 in its first week . Its first-week numbers were the fourth largest first-week sales by a female artist in 2009 behind releases by Susan Boyle , Lily Allen and Leona Lewis and was the twenty-second best-selling album of 2009 , and the forty-third best-selling album of 2010 . The album spent 60 weeks on the UK Albums Chart and has been certified double platinum by The British Recorded Music Industry for shipments over 600,000 copies . `` Broken Heels '' was released as the album third single and `` All Night Long '' featuring Pitbull as the fourth . `` All Night Long '' received a platinum certification and Burke was nominated for another BRIT Award in 2010 . `` Start Without You '' was released in mid-2010 and the song went on to top the UK Singles Chart , `` The Silence '' was released as the final single from the album . Work began in 2011 on a second studio album , titled Heartbreak on Hold - was released on the 4 June 2012 . The lead single , `` Elephant '' - featuring Erick Morillo - was released on 11 March 2012 through RCA Records , where it debuted at number three in the United Kingdom ; marking Burke 's sixth top ten single as a solo artist . A second single , `` Let It Go '' was released and underperformed peaking at 33 . The album then debuted and peaked at 18", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9cb7102f9ca4d38d17c9bded27c07e72", "text": "Berry Hill, Tennessee Berry Hill is a city in Davidson County , Tennessee . According to the 2010 census , the city had a population of 537 . The current mayor is Beth Sartain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d223936da361e8b9d90d5c958cf13969", "text": "Bob Berry (American football) Robert Chadwick `` Bob '' Berry ( born March 10 , 1942 ) is a former American football player , a quarterback in the National Football League for twelve seasons . He was selected to one Pro Bowl in 1969 as a member of the Atlanta Falcons . Berry was a member of three Super Bowl teams with the Minnesota Vikings in the mid-1970s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc9f7b0c33590da12340ba0b7ece14b1", "text": "Amanda Berry Amanda Berry may refer to : Amanda Berry ( born 1986 ) , Cleveland kidnapping survivor Amanda Sonia Berry ( born 1961 ) , Chief Executive of the British Academy of Film and Television Arts ( BAFTA ) Amanda Berry Smith ( 1837 -- 1915 ) , American religious leader and former slave", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c8b9bf7c40239096dac45db3f434d67d", "text": "Barthold Halle Barthold Johan Halle ( born 22 May 1925 ) is a Norwegian stage instructor and theatre director . He worked for Studioteatret from 1947 , was stage instructor at Rogaland Teater from 1949 to 1952 , and joined Folketeatret from 1952 to 1959 . He directed the films Afrikaneren from 1966 , and Ungen from 1974 . He was theatre director at Oslo Nye Teater from 1978 to 1984 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e160282aa5d44b9e7725b76b8530635", "text": "One Dozen Berrys One Dozen Berrys is the second studio album of Chuck Berry , released in March 1958 on Chess Records , catalogue LP 1432 . With the exception of five tracks , `` Rockin ' at the Philharmonic , '' `` Guitar Boogie , '' `` In-Go , '' `` How You 've Changed , '' and `` It Do n't Take but a Few Minutes , '' all selections had been previously released on 45 rpm singles . It was also released in the United Kingdom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0642de2c2ae77e509e20af33e49935c5", "text": "Ella (Ella Fitzgerald album) Ella is a 1969 studio album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald . The first of two albums recorded for the Warner Bros. owned Reprise label . This album continues the theme set on Fitzgerald 's previous album , consisting in the main part of cover versions of popular songs from the late 1960s . The production of this recording was in the hands of Richard Perry , who had joined the Reprise label in 1967 . Perry later went on the produce albums by Barbra Streisand and Diana Ross . The album was re-issued on CD with alternative artwork , in 1989 . Released together on one CD with Ella 's final album recorded for Reprise label , Things Ai n't What They Used to Be ( And You Better Believe It ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f0889438d460cd50c45899a43e851fd0", "text": "Peter Berry (footballer) Peter Berry ( born 20 September 1933 , in Aldershot , Hampshire ) is an English , retired professional footballer , who played as a forward . He made a total of 189 Football League appearances for Crystal Palace and Ipswich Town scoring 33 goals . He is the younger brother of the late Johnny Berry ( 1926 -- 1994 ) , of Manchester United and England , whose career was ended by the Munich air disaster .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9adf45a27248f80bcaf304823e991f48", "text": "Hail! Hail! Rock 'n' Roll (album) Hail ! Hail ! Rock 'n' Roll is an album by Chuck Berry and soundtrack to the film of the same name , which was released in 1987 under record label , MCA . The album was recorded live at The Fox Theatre , St Louis , Missouri and Berry Park , Wentzville , Missouri on October 6 and October 16 , 1986 . The event was held to celebrate Berry 's 60th birthday and it included several special guests . The album does not include the Berry song `` School Days , '' which includes the line the album 's title is derived from ( although the song does appear in the film ) . The release of this album on MCA was something of a homecoming for Berry , who from 1954 to 1966 and again from 1970 to 1975 recorded for Chess Records which , by 1986 , was now part of MCA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "100025cafaa248e0c4e499872b1b067a", "text": "Very Berry (EP) Very Berry is the first mini-album by South Korean girl group Berry Good . The album contains seven tracks and is led by title track `` Angel '' . It was released on April 20 , 2016 , as result of the crowdfunding campaign launched on March 11 on Makestar . The goal was reached in ten days .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65b53075eeb5e47d40d626b6267347b9", "text": "Gothika Gothika is a 2003 American psychological horror thriller film directed by Mathieu Kassovitz and written by Sebastian Gutierrez . Halle Berry plays a psychiatrist in a women 's mental hospital who wakes up one day to find herself on the other side of the bars , accused of having murdered her husband . The film was first released on November 21 , 2003 in the United States . At the time of its release , Gothika was the most successful film from Dark Castle Entertainment , with a worldwide gross of $ 141.6 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4699dbf46a74e826316ab4dca9c73d12", "text": "Wendell Berry Wendell Erdman Berry ( born August 5 , 1934 ) is an American novelist , poet , environmental activist , cultural critic , and farmer . A prolific author , he has written many novels , short stories , poems , and essays . He is an elected member of the Fellowship of Southern Writers , a recipient of The National Humanities Medal , and the Jefferson Lecturer for 2012 . He is also a 2013 Fellow of The American Academy of Arts and Sciences . Berry was named the recipient of the 2013 Richard C. Holbrooke Distinguished Achievement Award . On January 28 , 2015 , he became the first living writer to be inducted into the Kentucky Writers Hall of Fame .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21cb3a6c3338b1f01fdd1ccaea35cc11", "text": "Chuck Berry's Golden Hits Chuck Berry 's Golden Hits is an album by Chuck Berry , released in 1967 by Mercury Records , his first for that label . It consists of new recordings of songs he had recorded for Chess Records and one new song . The re-recordings were performed with faster tempos and recorded in stereo . While the rest of Berry 's albums for Mercury rest in obscurity , Golden Hits is still available .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "9ddd65f61b3fbabddb73fba83507084f", "text": "Anime An is a Japanese hand-drawn or computer animation . The word is the abbreviated pronunciation of `` animation '' in Japanese , where this term references all animation . Outside Japan , anime is used to refer specifically to animation from Japan or as a Japanese-disseminated animation style often characterized by colorful graphics , vibrant characters and fantastical themes . Arguably , the culturally abstract approach to the word 's meaning may open up the possibility of anime produced in countries other than Japan . For simplicity , many Westerners strictly view anime as a Japanese animation product . Some scholars suggest defining anime as specifically or quintessentially Japanese may be related to a new form of orientalism . The earliest commercial Japanese animation dates to 1917 , and Japanese anime production has since continued to increase steadily . The characteristic anime art style emerged in the 1960s with the works of Osamu Tezuka and spread internationally in the late twentieth century , developing a large domestic and international audience . Anime is distributed theatrically , by way of television broadcasts , directly to home media , and over the Internet . It is classified into numerous genres targeting diverse broad and niche audiences . Anime is a diverse art form with distinctive production methods and techniques that have been adapted over time in response to emergent technologies . It consists of an ideal story-telling mechanism , combining graphic art , characterization , cinematography , and other forms of imaginative and individualistic techniques . The production of anime focuses less on the animation of movement and more on the realism of settings as well as the use of camera effects , including panning , zooming , and angle shots . Being hand-drawn , anime is separated from reality by a crucial gap of fiction that provides an ideal path for escapism that audiences can immerse themselves into with relative ease . Diverse art styles are used and character proportions and features can be quite varied , including characteristically large emotive or realistically sized eyes . The anime industry consists of over 430 production studios , including major names like Studio Ghibli , Gainax , and Toei Animation . Despite comprising only a fraction of Japan 's domestic film market , anime makes up a majority of Japanese DVD sales . It has also seen international success after the rise of English-dubbed programming . This rise in international popularity has resulted in non-Japanese productions using the anime art style , but these works are usually described as anime-influenced animation rather than anime proper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "286adeff86a804544563879facf34aa8", "text": "Code Geass , often referred to as simply Code Geass , is a Japanese anime series created by Sunrise , directed by Gorō Taniguchi , and written by Ichirō Ōkouchi , with original character designs by manga authors Clamp . Set in an alternate timeline , the series focuses on how the former prince Lelouch vi Britannia obtains a power known as Geass and decides to use it to obliterate the Holy Britannian Empire , a superpower that has been conquering various countries . Code Geass first ran in Japan on MBS from October 5 , 2006 , to July 28 , 2007 . Its sequel series , , ran as a simulcast on JNN stations ( like MBS and TBS ) from April 6 , 2008 to September 28 , 2008 . The series has also been adapted into various manga and light novels with the former showing various alternate scenarios from the TV series . Bandai Entertainment also licensed most parts from the franchise for English release in December 2007 , airing the two TV series on Adult Swim . Most manga and light novels have also been published in North America by Bandai . At the Code Geass 10th anniversary event on November 27 , 2016 , it was announced that the series will be receiving a new anime , along with a compilation film trilogy in 2017 that will recap the events from both seasons of the anime series . The new anime , titled , will take place a few years after the events of the Zero Requiem . The director Gorō Taniguchi commented that the upcoming project would star an alive Lelouch and not as an alternate setting . Released to critical acclaim , the anime television series has been well received in Japan , selling over a million DVD and Blu-ray Disc volumes . Both seasons have won several awards at the Tokyo International Anime Fair , Animage Anime Grand Prix , and Animation Kobe event . Critics have praised the series for its large audience appeal as well as the cross conflicts shown among the main characters and the moral questions presented .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e66cddd8291515794d7ec4d95d4d41e4", "text": "Television program A television program ( programme ) is a segment of content intended for broadcast on over-the-air , cable television , or Internet television , other than a commercial , trailer , or any other segment of content not serving as attraction for viewership . It may be a single production , or more commonly , a series of related productions ( also called a television show ) . A limited number of episodes of a television show may be called a miniseries or a serial or limited series . Television series are without a fixed length and are usually divided into seasons ( U.S. ) or series ( UK ) , yearly or semiannual sets of new episodes . While there is no defined length , U.S. industry practice has traditionally favored longer television seasons than those of other countries . A one-time broadcast may be called a `` special '' , or particularly in the UK a `` special episode '' . A television film ( `` made-for-TV movie '' or `` television movie '' ) is a film that is initially broadcast on television rather than released in theaters or direct-to-video . A program can be either recorded , as on video tape , other various electronic media forms , played with an on-demand player or viewed on live television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25c84547fb9d689c532ae7b9c083cfea", "text": "Mainichi Broadcasting System is a radio and television broadcasting company headquartered in Osaka , Japan , affiliated with Japan Radio Network ( JRN ) , National Radio Network ( NRN ) , Japan News Network ( JNN ) and TBS Network , serving in the Kansai region . It is a parent company of a television station named and a radio station named . MBS is also one of the major stockholders of the following networks : Tokyo Broadcasting System Holdings , Inc. ( TBSHD ) , RKB Mainichi Broadcasting Corporation , BS-TBS , Incorporated , i-Television Inc. , TV-U Fukushima Co. , Ltd. , Hiroshima Home Television Co. , Ltd. , WOWOW Inc. , and FM 802 Co. , Ltd. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6cca48611155003cc8dd49ca1ea08c8", "text": "Japan News Network , or JNN , is a commercial television news network in Japan . The network is run by Tokyo Broadcasting System , Inc. ( TBS ) . JNN is the broadcast supplier of news programmes and news exchange to all JNN-affiliated stations . It also operates the 24-hour satellite and cable news channel TBS News Bird .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "45f5887b9c315cc78556224002b24f63", "text": "The Plastic Man Comedy/Adventure Show The Plastic Man Comedy/Adventure Show is an animated television series produced by Ruby-Spears Productions from 1979 to 1981 ; it was shown right after Super Friends on the ABC Network . It featured various adventures of the DC Comics superhero Plastic Man . The show features many adventures in different segments : Plastic Man , Baby Plas , Plastic Family , Mighty Man and Yukk , Fangface and Fangpuss , and Rickety Rocket . The show was repackaged by Arlington Television into 130 half-hour episodes , and released into national , first-run-off-network daily syndication in 1984 . The Plastic Man Comedy Show was produced and directed by Steve Whiting and featured a live-action `` Plastic Man '' , played by Taylor Marks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40a6e4005ea48e95c7341ee2c912f5f5", "text": "The Code (2014 TV series) The Code is an Australian drama television program created and produced by Shelley Birse . Developed from a partnership between Playmaker Media and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation , it premiered on ABC1 in Australia on 21 September 2014 . Season 2 of The Code premiered on 1 September 2016 . The first six-part series , set in both outback and metropolitan areas of Australia , interweaves several plot lines . The first follows brothers Ned ( Dan Spielman ) and Jesse Banks ( Ashley Zukerman ) , who publish a video of a mysterious outback accident , and Hani Parande ( Adele Perovic ) , who becomes involved with them . The second follows the accident , which sees teacher Alex Wisham ( Lucy Lawless ) and policeman Tim Simons ( Aaron Pedersen ) becoming involved in the personal affairs of accused teenager Clarence Boyd ( Aaron L. McGrath ) . The third covers Ned 's journalism office , managed by Perry Benson ( Adam Garcia ) . The fourth chronicles the intrigues of Deputy Prime Minister Ian Bradley ( David Wenham ) , and political staffers Randall Keats ( Aden Young ) and Sophie Walsh ( Chelsie Preston Crayford ) while the after-effects of the accident unfold . ABC in June 2015 renewed The Code for a second season , after receiving significant funding from the Australian Capital Territory 's film fund , Screen ACT . The new series that commenced screening in 2016 , deals with fictional brothers Ned and Jesse Banks facing deportation to the United States of America to face trial in connection with security breaches . Anthony LaPaglia , Sigrid Thornton , Robyn Malcolm , and others joined the cast for the second series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9665c9d40711fb80e08070b27d93066e", "text": "Freaks and Geeks Freaks and Geeks is an American teen comedy-drama television series , created by Paul Feig , with Judd Apatow as executive producer , that aired on NBC during the 1999 -- 2000 television season . Eighteen episodes were completed , but the series was canceled after only 12 had aired . A fan-led campaign persuaded NBC to broadcast three more episodes in July 2000 ; the three remaining unaired episodes , for a total of 18 , aired that September on the cable network Fox Family Channel . The series appeared on Time magazine 's 2007 `` 100 Greatest Shows of All Time '' list , and placed third on the magazine 's list of greatest television shows of the 2000s ( decade ) . In 2007 , Freaks and Geeks ranked # 21 on TV Guides Top Cult Shows Ever . In 2008 , Entertainment Weekly ranked it the 13th-best series of the past 25 years . The same year , AOL TV named it the Best School Show of All Time . In 2013 TV Guide included it in its list of The 60 Greatest Dramas of All Time , and ranked it # 1 on their list of 60 shows that were `` Cancelled Too Soon '' . It launched several of its young actors into successful television and film careers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5b2a5188d6098e6f9404d8f0f3d4aee", "text": "It Hits the Fan `` It Hits the Fan '' is the first episode of the fifth season of the American animated television series South Park , and the 66th episode of the series overall . It first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on June 20 , 2001 . In the episode , the word `` shit '' is said uncensored on television on the crime show Cop Drama . After this , everyone starts saying `` shit '' over and over , which eventually brings over a mysterious plague that unleashes the ancient Knights of Standards and Practices , and only Chef and the boys can save the world . The episode was written by series co-creator Trey Parker and is rated TV-MA-LV in the United States . Throughout the episode , the profanity `` shit '' or `` shitty '' are exclaimed uncensored a total of 162 separate times ; in syndicated or re-aired versions of this episode , a counter in the bottom left corner of the screen counts the number of times the word has been uttered . The written occurrences are not counted , but `` shit '' is written 38 times , which puts the `` shit `` s up to an even 200 . `` Shit '' is uttered roughly once every eight seconds ; one such count includes the episode 's theme song in the calculation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a9be7db6d1970266494875fbb9af96f4", "text": "Game of Arms Game of Arms is an American television series that debut February 25 , 2014 , on AMC . The series is a reality television show about American competitive arm wrestlers . The series follows arm wrestling clubs in Erie , Pennsylvania ; Kansas City , Missouri ; New York City ; Sacramento , California , and Baton Rouge , Louisiana . Prior to its broadcast , the series was initially known as King of Arms . On September 11 , 2014 , AMC renewed the series for a second season . However it canceled the series a month later in mid-production as part of the network ending nearly all their reality series and refocusing completely on fictional dramas for their original series output .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f3affc8d6c14536bb350ba4e0a9b84f", "text": "TBD (TV network) TBD ( also referred to unofficially as TBD-TV ) is an American digital broadcast television network that is owned by the Sinclair Television Group subsidiary of the Sinclair Broadcast Group . Targeting millennial audiences , the network focuses on internet-based series and other digital content ( including showcases of user-generated music , animation and comedy videos , eSports , and compiled half-hour and hour-long episodes of short-form web series ) , along with some feature films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55392a160d4c8d2557759c67224783bd", "text": "Tankboy TV Tankboy TV or Tankboy ( Танкбой in Russia and Kazakhstan ) is a reality show based on the antics of Captain Tankboy and his crew as they travel the world , blowing things up , driving tanks over cars , building rockets and generally creating havoc . The show is often touted as the next generation in destruction television and the show 's tagline `` Girls , Guns and Tanks ! '' has become infamous with the politically correct .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf5e8fae2871834f2d6c1fada99e5dd9", "text": "Devils You Know `` Devils You Know '' is the fourth episode of the third season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they work with a rival organization to hunt Inhumans . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by Paul Zbyszewski , and directed by Ron Underwood . Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by series regulars Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , Nick Blood , Adrianne Palicki , and Henry Simmons . The visual effects for guest star Chad Lindberg 's Inhuman character 's abilities were provided by FuseFX . `` Devils You Know '' originally aired on ABC on October 20 , 2015 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 3.85 million viewers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b00ba9bf413db459fe8e10c89a5cf42b", "text": "Stahlnetz Stahlnetz was a German police procedural television series with many similarities to Dragnet running from 1958 to 1968 , and from 1999 to 2002 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee5d52a8a7ec1dc0d41c3bf0a3c833af", "text": "Straight Title Robot Anime is a CG anime that first aired on February 6 , 2013 in Japan . The anime is created with the MikuMikuDance animation software , and is the first MMD-based program to air on TV .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c032d18e15e202757b2622aefc91ed3", "text": "Nerd Nation Nerd Nation ( broadcast January 19 , 2004 - March 22 , 2004 ) is an American TV show on TechTV that focused on the life of nerds and other geeks . The series lasted 10 episodes . Re-runs also ran on G4 in late 2005 . The theme song , I 'm a Nerd performed by Johnny Sizzle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bbde27067fcedbaf3c27d1e05021bba8", "text": "Mad TV (video game) Mad TV is a television station management simulation computer game produced in 1991 by Rainbow Arts . The game puts the player in the role of a new program director for a TV station . The player is in charge of selecting programming and earning advertising for the station , while simultaneously trying to marry Betty , an attractive woman working in the building .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e86d04169319c215d0ceca68495d810", "text": "Campus PD Campus PD was an American television show on G4 . The show was produced by the UK-based production company Cineflix Productions , who also produced American Pickers ( which airs on the History Channel in the United States ) as well as Canadian Pickers ( which airs on Canada 's History Television ) . The show was similar in style and tone to COPS . Unlike COPS , Campus PD focused specifically on college and university campuses and towns and the authorities who patrol them , either using local police departments or the on-campus police departments maintained autonomously by the universities themselves . Filming takes place at various locations across the country . The theme song for the first two seasons was The Clash song `` Police on My Back '' . The entire series is available on iTunes . As of January 10 , 2017 , reruns of Campus PD can be seen on cable network Spike .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd08c03de3c0b22deb87525fb1db317b", "text": "TV Nation TV Nation is a satirical newsmagazine television series written , directed and hosted by Michael Moore that was co-funded and originally broadcast by NBC in the United States and BBC2 in the United Kingdom . The show blended humor and journalism into provocative reports about various issues . After moving to Fox for its second ( and final ) season , the show won an Emmy Award in 1995 for Outstanding Informational Series . TV Nation was created in the wake of the success Moore had with the documentary Roger & Me , prompting Warner Bros. . Television to ask Moore for television series ideas . In January 1993 , NBC green-lit a pilot episode which took three months to complete . Interest from the BBC prompted NBC to insert the show into its summer 1994 lineup .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20d1f8a2f8327159dac01b2f0fc4f713", "text": "Project G.e.e.K.e.R. Project G.e.e.K.e.R. is an animated television series that premiered on CBS on September 14 , 1996 . It was created by Douglas TenNapel , creator of Earthworm Jim , and Doug Langdale , the developer of Earthworm Jim the animated series , with original music by Shawn Patterson ( main title theme by Terry Scott Taylor ) . TenNapel and Taylor also collaborated on the video games The Neverhood , Boombots and Skullmonkeys , and in 2005 , re-united for the Nickelodeon cartoon Catscratch . The series is rated TV-Y7-FV , and was produced by Columbia TriStar Television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ced2f1721528fad0e870c526ec62f714", "text": "Cyber Weapon Z Cyber Weapon Z is a manhua series adapted into a 3D-CG Chinese animation TV series in Hong Kong .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c8666ee499cfada6638f4638a8394e0d", "text": "A.T.O.M. (TV series) A.T.O.M. ( Alpha Teens on Machines ) is a French action animated television series produced by SIP Animation . The series focuses on the adventures of five teenagers in the fictional location Landmark City . The eponymous Alpha Teens , which consist of Axel Manning ( the main character ) , Catalina Leone , Crey Kingston , Zack Hawkes , and Ollie Sharker , test prototype vehicles and weapons for Lee Industries , and use these prototypes to combat criminals , particularly the sadistic Alexander Paine . The series debuted on August 26 , 2005 on Jetix with its first season consisting of 26 episodes . It was renewed for a second season , also consisting of 26 episodes , which concluded on February 24 , 2007 . Following the second season finale , despite high viewership and toy sales , the series was n't renewed for a third season . In the United Kingdom , Australia , and Latin America , the series was called Action Man A.T.O.M. and had its own comic book from Panini Comics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d17a24a7feb32b6243ae2f7bf80bcd18", "text": "Those Who Kill Those Who Kill ( Den som dræber ) is a Danish crime TV series from 2011 , which follows a fictitious unit within Copenhagen Police which specialises in investigating serial murders . The series was aired as five two-part stories in Denmark ( i.e. ten episodes in total ) , but has aired as five feature-length episodes in most other countries . A separate 92 minutes feature film , Fortidens skygge , which forms a continuation and ending of the series , premiered in Danish cinemas on 15 March 2012 , and is being aired as a final , sixth episode of the series in many other countries , such as the UK and Germany . The series is created and written by Elsebeth Egholm and Stefan Jaworski , with various other screenwriters helping out as episode writers , among them Siv Rajendram , Rikke De Fine Licht and Morten Dragsted . Directors have been Birger Larsen , Niels Nørløv and Kasper Barfoed . The series is a Danish-German-Swedish-Norwegian co-production . Although originally planned to run for several seasons , Danish TV2 announced in October 2011 that there would be no further seasons made , due to falling viewer shares after the first few episodes . TV2 programming manager Keld Reinicke stated that , `` We have no plans to continue the series as it never gave us the audience share we expected in Denmark . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a52507c6c0a87a6f26760742212e80f", "text": "10-8: Officers on Duty 10-8 : Officers on Duty is an American police drama television series . The series aired on ABC from September 28 , 2003 to January 25 , 2004 . The title is in reference to the ten-code for `` officer in service and available for calls . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f2817380c7e8feb5ca9885aec329e11e", "text": "TVGoHome TVGoHome was a website which parodied the television listings style of the British magazine Radio Times . It was produced fortnightly from 1999 to 2001 , and sporadically until 2003 , by Charlie Brooker . The site now exists only in archive form . TVGoHome columns also appeared for a short time in Loaded magazine , sometimes edited from their original web version . The website gained a cult following , partly due to its tie-up with the technology newsletter Need To Know , and its use of strong language , surreal imagery and savage satire reminiscent of the work of Chris Morris . Indeed , Morris himself contributed on occasion , under the pseudonym ` Sid Peach ' . Regular targets for ridicule were the Daily Mail , Mick Hucknall of Simply Red , and the TV presenters Rowland Rivron and Nicky Campbell . TVGoHome '' 's most consistent target , however , was fictional . Nathan Barley , an ex-public-school media wannabe living off his parents ' wealth , had his life chronicled in a fly-on-the-wall documentary series ( in the TVGoHome universe ) entitled simply ` Cunt ' . Detailing Barley 's life in comfortably wealthy Westbourne Grove in west London , the programme essentially mocked the `` new media '' scene and its population of middle-class web designers , DJs and magazine producers , their obsessions with absurd fashions and gadgetry , their inevitably feeble attempts at creativity and their tireless and ludicrous efforts to embody the cutting edge of urban cool . A spinoff book of the same title was later released featuring old and new material . Brooker has cited the increasing absurdity of reality television as one of the main reasons he stopped writing TVGoHome . The ideas for real life shows such as Touch the Truck , in which contestants must continually touch a truck for 24 hours in order to win the truck as a prize , were the kind of idea that at one point would only have existed as a satirical creation of Brooker 's website . Now that they were becoming a reality , Brooker felt it was time to stop . In 2006 , Brooker began a regular column in The Guardian '' , featuring new TVGoHome listings .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "15dff3060669c7a3d544b38b23de3296", "text": "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof Cat on a Hot Tin Roof is a play by Tennessee Williams . One of Williams 's best-known works and his personal favorite , the play won the Pulitzer Prize for Drama in 1955 . Set in the `` plantation home in the Mississippi Delta '' of Big Daddy Pollitt , a wealthy cotton tycoon , the play examines the relationships among members of Big Daddy 's family , primarily between his son Brick and Maggie the `` Cat '' , Brick 's wife . Cat on a Hot Tin Roof features several recurring motifs , such as social mores , greed , superficiality , mendacity , decay , sexual desire , repression , and death . Dialogue throughout is often rendered phonetically to represent accents of the Southern United States . The original production starred Barbara Bel Geddes , Burl Ives , and Ben Gazzara . The play was adapted as a motion picture of the same name in 1958 , starring Elizabeth Taylor and Paul Newman as Maggie and Brick , with Burl Ives and Madeleine Sherwood recreating their stage roles . Williams made substantial excisions and alterations to the play for a revival in 1974 . This has been the version used for most subsequent revivals , which have been numerous .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "951bb99d8cb4b94ce5d2e79cf9302175", "text": "The Clansman: A Historical Romance of the Ku Klux Klan The Clansman : A Historical Romance of the Ku Klux Klan is a novel published in 1905 . It was the second work in the Ku Klux Klan trilogy by Thomas F. Dixon , Jr. that included The Leopard 's Spots and The Traitor . It was influential in providing the ideology that helped support the revival of the Ku Klux Klan ( KKK or The Klan ) . The novel was twice notably adapted , immediately by its author as a play entitled The Clansman ( 1905 ) , and a decade later by D. W. Griffith in the groundbreaking 1915 silent movie The Birth of a Nation . The play , being concerned with the KKK and Reconstruction , is adapted by the second half of The Birth of a Nation . According to Professor Russell Merritt , key differences between the play and film are said to include that Dixon was more sympathetic to Southerners ' pursuing education and modern professions , whereas Griffith stressed ownership of plantations . Dixon wrote The Clansman as a message to Northerners to maintain racial segregation , as the work claimed that blacks when free would turn savage and violent , committing crimes such as murder , rape and robbery far out of proportion to their percentage of the population . He claimed to write for 18,000,000 southerners who supported his beliefs , though that many never joined the Klan . Dixon portrays the speaker of the house , Austin Stoneman , as a negro-loving legislator mad with power and eaten up with hate . His goal is to punish the Southern whites for their revolution against an oppressive government by turning the former slaves against the White Southerners and use the iron fist of the Union occupation troops to make them the new masters . The Klan 's job is to protect the White Southerners from the carpetbaggers and their allies , Black and White . In addition to criticism that The Clansman would stir up sentiment in the South , Dixon 's argument that the Klan had saved the South from negro rule was ridiculed by some as absurd .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5582754aef24bebd6a65be6377c79d66", "text": "The Ransom of Red Chief `` The Ransom of Red Chief '' is a 1910 short story by O. Henry first published in The Saturday Evening Post . It follows two men who kidnap and attempt to ransom a wealthy Alabaman 's son ; eventually , the men are driven crazy by the boy 's spoiled and hyperactive behavior , and end up having to pay the boy 's father to take him back . The story and its main idea have become a part of popular culture , with many children 's television programs using a version of the story as one of their episodes . The tale is a light-hearted example of the ultimate in `` poetic justice '' and fortuitous intervention for the public good : the crooks had intended to use the ransom money to fund an even larger and much more elaborate scam that would likely have caused widespread monetary damage to the local populace , and so having their plans `` foiled in their infancy '' by Red Chief 's shrewd father saves countless other honest folks from financial ruin . It has also been often used as a classic example of two ultimate comic ironies -- a supposed `` hostage '' actually liking his abductors and enjoying being captured , and his captors getting their just deserts by having the tables turned on them , and being compelled to pay to be rid of him .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d244657827f48c9634dfeedd7d8336e6", "text": "Racial stereotyping in advertising Racial stereotyping in advertising is not always negative but are considered harmful in that the `` repetition of a stereotype naturalizes it and makes it appear `` normal '' . It is claimed that advertisers often utilize already existing deep-seated ideologies in society and base their commercials on them . Stereotypes have been used in advertisement as long as they have been around , and different ads over time have been thought by some to be more racist than others . Racial stereotypes are used frequently in advertising . They are mental ideologies that the viewer assigns meaning to based on their membership in a social category in order to process information `` as such , stereotyping does not by definition carry negative or positive values '' . Because of this , we see many different outcomes , racial stereotyping can be positive for the advertiser as well as the viewer in instances where specific demographics are being targeted . It can also however , be perceived negatively in instances where the stereotyping begins causing offence . `` Marketers should be aware of the potential to cause serious or widespread offence when referring to different races , cultures , nationalities or ethnic groups '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37ff6ce7869b9dc048efb743de3737d4", "text": "Récit Récit is a term for a subgenre of the French novel , describing a work in which the narrative calls attention to itself . Literary critic Roger Shattuck explains , `` During a récit , we are conscious of being at one remove from the action ; the very act of narration interferes and calls attention to itself . '' Examples of the récit include works by Benjamin Constant and Eugene Fromentin , Andre Gide , Maurice Blanchot , and Michel Leiris . According to Shattuck , The discomfort of the narrator in confronting his own effort of composition ( by now it should be apparent that narrator and author become indistinguishable ) has been inherited as one of the principal features of the recit . Critic Geoffrey Hartman describes the récit as `` a confessional narrative , a kind of dramatic monologue in prose ... '' Daniel Just writes of an ambiguity in the nature of the récit : For literary critics , the récit as a category became ... elusive -- at once too broad and too specific . Meaning a `` narrative '' in general , récit has been used as an indefinite notion embracing many prose genres , to the point when it ceases to be clear if it does not coincide with narrative literature as such . At the same time , it has also served to identify a stylistic specificity found in the select works of only a few writers . This latter use finds perhaps its most exemplary illustrations in André Gide 's L'Immoraliste and Albert Camus 's La Chute . Gide , in particular , was quite meticulous in differentiating between his novels and their complex view of life , and his récits that portray life from a single perspective . Blanchot 's insistence on the difference between the novel and the récit is equally scrupulous , but for other reasons . His emphasis on a strong generic meaning of the term récit -- which is evident in spite of the semantic overload this notion sometimes undergoes in his theoretical texts -- has nothing to do with the number of points of view represented in the story . For Blanchot , the récit is a distinct literary form whose uniqueness resides in its not merely stylistic but `` essential '' difference from the genre of the novel . Maurice Blanchot describes the récit as follows : If we regard the récit as the true telling of an exceptional event which has taken place and which someone is trying to report , then we have not even come close to sensing the true nature of the récit . The récit is not the narration of an event , but the event itself , the approach to that event , the place where that event is made to happen-an event which is yet to come and through whose power of attraction the récit can come into being , too .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2d8d1f11427c79034d33932b464e996", "text": "Cyberpunk derivatives A number of cyberpunk derivatives have become recognized as distinct subgenres in speculative fiction . These derivatives , though they do not share cyberpunk 's computers-focused setting , may display other qualities drawn from or analogous to cyberpunk : a world built on one particular technology that is extrapolated to a highly sophisticated level ( this may even be a fantastical or anachronistic technology , akin to retro-futurism ) , a gritty transreal urban style , or a particular approach to social themes . The most successful of these subgenres , Steampunk , has been defined as a `` kind of technological fantasy '' , and others in this category sometimes also incorporate aspects of science fantasy and historical fantasy . Scholars have written of these subgenres ' stylistic place in postmodern literature , and also their ambiguous interaction with the historical perspective of postcolonialism . American author Bruce Bethke coined the term `` cyberpunk '' in his 1980 short story of the same name , proposing it as a label for a new generation of punk teenagers inspired by the perceptions inherent to the Information Age . The term was quickly appropriated as a label to be applied to the works of William Gibson , Bruce Sterling , John Shirley , Rudy Rucker , Michael Swanwick , Pat Cadigan , Lewis Shiner , Richard Kadrey , and others . Science fiction author Lawrence Person , in defining postcyberpunk , summarized the characteristics of cyberpunk thus : Classic cyberpunk characters were marginalized , alienated loners who lived on the edge of society in generally dystopic futures where daily life was impacted by rapid technological change , an ubiquitous datasphere of computerized information , and invasive modification of the human body . The relevance of cyberpunk as a genre to punk subculture is debatable and further hampered by the lack of a defined cyberpunk subculture ; where the small cyber movement shares themes with cyberpunk fiction and draws inspiration from punk and goth alike , cyberculture is much more popular though much less defined , encompassing virtual communities and cyberspace in general and typically embracing optimistic anticipations about the future . Cyberpunk is nonetheless regarded as a successful genre , as it ensnared many new readers and provided the sort of movement that postmodern literary critics found alluring . Furthermore , author David Brin argues , cyberpunk made science fiction more attractive and profitable for mainstream media and the visual arts in general .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f7a23bc8d069ac802e63052e1cfa3cf", "text": "Bao ying Bào yìng ( Chinese : 報名 ) is a concept of cosmic and moral reciprocity in the Chinese folk religion . It implies that people dwell in a moral universe , a universe that is kept ordained by mores , good actions , thus moral retribution is in fact a cosmic retribution . It determines fate , as written in Zhou texts : `` on the doer of good , heaven sends down all blessings , and on the doer of evil , he sends down all calamities . '' The cosmic significance of bào yìng is better understood exploring other two traditional concepts of fate and meaning : Mìng yùn , the personal destiny , in which mìng is `` life '' or `` right '' , the given status of life , and yùn defines `` circumstance '' and `` individual choice '' ; mìng is given and influenced by the transcendent force Tiān , that is the same as the `` divine right '' ( tiān mìng ) of ancient rulers as identified by Mencius . Personal destiny ( mìng yùn ) is thus perceived as both fixed ( the status of life ) and flexible , open-ended ( the individual choice in matters of bào yìng ) . Yuán fèn , `` fateful coincidence '' , describing good and bad chances and potential relationships . Scholars K. S. Yang and D. Ho have analysed the psychological advantages of this belief : assigning causality of negative events to yuán fèn beyond personal control , people tend to maintain good relationships , avoid conflict , and promote social harmony ; meanwhile , when positive events are seen as result of yuan fen , personal credit is not directly assigned , and this reduces pride on one side of the relationship and envy and resentment on the other . Mìng yun and yuán fèn are linked , because what appears on the surface to be chance events ( for better or worse ) , are part of the deeper rhythm that shapes personal life based on how destiny is directed . They are ultimately shaped by bào yìng , good action . Recognising this connection has the result of making a person responsible for his or her actions : doing good for others produces further good for oneself and keeps the world in harmony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c911f1ccd1fe79931c80e1ec3863ba39", "text": "The Pardoner's Tale The Pardoner 's Tale is one of The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer . In the order of the Tales , it comes after The Physician 's Tale and before The Shipman 's Tale ; it is prompted by the Host 's desire to hear something positive after that depressing tale . The pardoner initiates his Prologue -- briefly accounting his methods of conning people -- and then proceeds to tell a moral tale . The tale itself is an extended exemplum . Setting out to kill Death , three young men encounter an Old Man who says that they will find him under a nearby tree . When they arrive they discover a hoard of treasure and decide to stay with it until nightfall and carry it away under cover of darkness . Out of greed , they murder each other . The tale and prologue are primarily concerned with what the Pardoner says is his `` theme '' : Radix malorum est cupiditas ( `` Greed is the root of -LSB- all -RSB- evils '' ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "baf15e9acd1c190fea7bbee03f1d764a", "text": "With Lee in Virginia, A Story of the American Civil War With Lee in Virginia , A Story of the American Civil War ( 1890 ) is a book by British author G.A. Henty . It was published by Blackie and Son Ltd , London . Henty 's character , Vincent Wingfield , fights for the Confederate States of America , even though he is against slavery . As suggested by the title , he is primarily with the Army of Northern Virginia . Henty 's novel has been cited by some literary historians as an example of British right-wingers ' sympathy for the Confederate cause ; discussing With Lee in Virginia , Jeffrey Richards cites the book as `` significantly pro-Southern '' . Henty defends slavery throughout the novel , stating although slavery was capable of `` abominable '' cruelty under brutal masters , '' . . taken all in all , the negroes on a well-ordered estate , under kind masters , were probably a happier class of people than the laborers upon any estate in Europe . '' At the novel 's end , Henty has the Wingfield family 's former slaves return and continue working for their former owners : The negroes , however , for the most part remained steadily working on the estate . A few wandered away , but their places were easily filled ; for the majority of the freed slaves very soon discovered that their lot was a far harder one than it had been before , and that freedom so suddenly given was a curse rather than a blessing to them . Richards cites the novel as an example of Henty 's belief in the `` incapacity '' of blacks and notes that With Lee In Virginia argues that `` a system of slavery is acceptable so long as the slave owners treat their slaves decently and humanely '' . Nathaniel Cadle claims With Lee in Virginia 's plot works to `` romanticize and oversimplify the relationship between white Confederate slave owners and their black chattel . '' The book has been lauded by the right-wing , Neo-Confederate magazine Southern Partisan , who described With Lee in Virginia as `` the sort of book Southern Partisan readers ought to pass on to their own sons . The politics of sectional conflict are n't oversimplified , but the bias is one Southern Partisan readers are likely to applaud '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5cddd1e1d8b3dcc07b73989b4c67c33", "text": "Self-envy Self-envy is a psychoanalytic concept developed by Rafael López-Corvo who argues that it is crucial for the understanding of disorders of the self that are manifested in addictions , acting out , and inhibition of creativity . This concept is based on the use of object relations theory , that many psychoanalysts view as a fundamental instrument for examining the architecture of the internal world that describes behavior as influenced by the multiple interactions of early representations of self and other that operate in our inner selves . Self-envy is produced by ` child part self-objects ' , self representations from early development that remain split off from the self and harbor destructive and envious feelings toward the creative aspects of the self and results from direct aggressive attacks by these childhood self-objects against the part of the self identified with a harmonious mother-father or parent-sibling relationship . The internal dynamics of self-envy cause intense unconscious conflict , dissociation , and disturbances of the self , all of which underlie severe psychopathologies , such as repetitive destructive behavior , and even the living of seemingly normal but constricted lives . López-Corvo suggests that the psychoanalytic interpretation of such patients , for whom one part of the self is ruthlessly pitted against another , should address directly the phenomenon of a war within the internal self . W.C.M. Scott first used this term in 1975 in his article `` Remembering sleep and dreaming : self-envy and envy of dreams and dreaming '' in the International Review of Psychoanalysis , Vol . 2/3 ( 1975 ) : 333-354 . López-Corvo credits Scott in his paper `` About Interpretation of Self-Envy '' in the same journal ( 1992 ) : 73 , 719 , and also in his book Self-Envy : Therapy and the Divided Inner World , which also draws from Melanie Klein , Wilfred Bion , and other object-relations theorists in order to develop its more extended argument .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eecd08ca4160cc411778149bb25f3c96", "text": "The Seven Descents of Myrtle The Seven Descents of Myrtle is a play by Tennessee Williams . It originally began as a short story , which Williams then turned into a one-act play , and then later revised it into the seven-act play that is accepted today . Its title character is reminiscent of another Williams ' heroine , Blanche Dubois in A Streetcar Named Desire . Originally titled Kingdom of Earth , the serio-comic play focuses on Lot , a tubercular neurotic youth who is an impotent transvestite overly attached to the memory of his late mother . He has returned to his ancestral home , a decaying house on the edge of a river on the verge of overflowing , with his new bride Myrtle , a sometime prostitute and former showgirl , the sole survivor of the Five Memphis Hot Shots . She dwells in a fantasy world of romantic illusions , one of which is to nurse Lot back to health so they can consummate their marriage , but soon discovers Lot only wants to use her to steal the deed to the property from his multiracial half-brother Chicken , who has lived on and farmed the property for years . Once he meets Myrtle , he gets some romantic designs of his own . The Broadway production was produced by David Merrick and directed by José Quintero . After two previews , it opened on March 27 , 1968 , at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre and closed after 29 performances . It starred Brian Bedford as Lot , Harry Guardino as Chicken , and Estelle Parsons as Myrtle . She was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play . In 1970 , the play was adapted to a feature film and released under the title Last of the Mobile Hot Shots ( aka `` Blood Kin '' ) . A 1975 production in London , at the Greenwood Theatre , starring Marianne Faithfull as Myrtle , was cancelled after just three performances when Ms Faithfull fell ill with peritonitis . In 1976 , the play had its West Coast premiere at The Pasadena Repertory Theatre located in The Hotel Carver in Pasadena , California . It starred Marie Peckinpah as Myrtle , Duane Waddell as Chicken , and Ed Harris as Lot . It featured a remarkable three story , rain-drenched set by Howard Whalen . The play was presented under Williams ' original title `` Kingdom of Earth '' and ran for approximately 24 weekend performances over three months . It was directed by Gill Dennis , with executive producer Duane Waddell , and produced by Kevin Cloud Brechner . In 1991 , the play was produced in the UK at the Redgrave Theatre , Farnham starring Kit Hollerbach as Myrtle , Stephen Hattersley as Chicken and Marc Warren as Lot in a production directed by Bill Bankes-Jones . Stephen Hattersley won Best Actor 1991 in the TMA Awards for his performance in this production . In 2011 it was revived at the Print Room in Notting Hill , under its alternative title Kingdom of Earth , directed by Lucy Bailey . In 2012 , Tom Hiddleston did a reading of the short story version for the series Stories Before Bedtime at the Criterion-Theatre in the United Kingdom . This short story is a more erotic version written in the first person from the perspective of Chicken .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "75e9b699ba4893e25acc9e2c035ed849", "text": "Kentucky Jones Kentucky Jones is a half-hour comedy/drama starring Dennis Weaver as Kenneth Yarborough `` K.Y. or Kentucky '' Jones , D.V.M. , a recently widowed former horse trainer and active horse farm owner , who becomes the guardian of Dwight Eisenhower `` Ike '' Wong , a 10-year-old Chinese orphan , played by Ricky Der . Harry Morgan , previously of the CBS sitcoms December Bride and Pete and Gladys , was featured in the series as Seldom Jackson , a former jockey who assists Dr. Jones . Cherylene Lee appears as Annie Ng , Ike 's friend . Arthur Wong portrays Mr. Ng , Annie 's father . Keye Luke ( 1904-1991 ) stars as Mr. Wong , a friend of Dr. Jones . Nancy Rennick ( 1932-2006 ) appears as Miss Throncroft , a social worker . Kentucky Jones , which ran on NBC from September 19 , 1964 , to September 11 , 1965 , was the first of four television series starring Weaver after he left the role of the marshall 's helper Chester Goode on CBS 's western classic Gunsmoke . Richard Bull , who later portrayed the henpecked storekeeper Nels Oleson on NBC 's Little House on the Prairie , appeared twice on Kentucky Jones as Harold Erkel in episodes entitled `` The Victim '' and `` The Return of Wong Lee '' ( also with Malcolm Atterbury ) . Other selected episodes and guest stars include : `` Hello Ike '' , the series premiere , with Diane Brewster and Marlyn Mason as Doris Caine , `` Spare the Rod '' ( Paul Fix as Judge Perkins ) , `` Wildcat Soup '' ( Tyler McVey ) , `` Ike 's Song '' ( Pat Harrington , Jr. ) , `` The Big Shot '' ( Harry Townes ) , `` The Music Kids Make '' ( Philip Abbott and Robby Weaver ( born 1953 ) , Dennis Weaver 's son ) , `` The Big Speech '' ( Charles Lane ) , `` Feminine Intrusion '' ( Spring Byington , of December Bride and Laramie , as Mrs. Jolly , hired by Dr. Jones to cook a meal as payment of a debt ) , `` Most Precious Gold '' ( Strother Martin ; episode focuses on a camping trip ) , and `` Kentucky 's Vacation '' ( Yvonne Craig ) , the series finale . A Buzz Kulik Production in association with NBC , Kentucky Jones was filmed at Desilu Studios in Culver City , California . The series first aired on Saturdays at 8:30 Eastern from September 19 to December 26 . It switched to 7 p.m. on January 2 for the remainder of its run through September 11 , 1965 . Rebroadcasts began on April 17 . In the 8:30 slot , the program faced competition from the first season of the CBS sitcom Gilligan 's Island , with Alan Hale , Jr. , and Bob Denver , and the first half of ABC 's The Lawrence Welk Show . In the move to a half-hour earlier , having swapped time slots with The Famous Adventures of Mr. Magoo , CBS offered The Jackie Gleason Show , and ABC aired the science fiction series , The Outer Limits . In the second time slot , Kentucky Jones followed the NBC adventure series Flipper starring Brian Kelly . After Kentucky Jones , young Der ( born ca. 1954 ) acted only one more time , as Mickey in a 1965 episode `` So Long , Patrick Henry '' of NBC 's I Spy starring Bill Cosby and Robert Culp . In January 1967 , Harry Morgan advanced to Jack Webb 's second version of Dragnet in the role of Officer Bill Gannon , and later , on M * A * S * H as Col. Sherman T. Potter . In September of that year , Weaver starred with child actor Clint Howard in the CBS family drama Gentle Ben .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab653457b10fc687dc1925c8ccad3424", "text": "Copperhead (politics) In the 1860s , the Copperheads comprised a vocal faction of Democrats in the Northern United States of the Union who opposed the American Civil War , wanting an immediate peace settlement with the Confederates . Republicans started calling anti-war Democrats `` Copperheads '' , likening them to the venomous snake . Those Democrats accepted the label , reinterpreting the copper `` head '' as the likeness of Liberty , which they cut from Liberty Head large cent coins and proudly wore as badges . Democratic supporters of the war , by contrast , were called War Democrats . The Copperheads represented the more extreme wing of the `` Northern Democrats '' . Notable Copperheads included two Democratic congressmen from Ohio : Clement L. Vallandigham and Alexander Long . Republican prosecutors accused some prominent Copperheads of treason in a series of trials in 1864 . Copperheadism , a highly contentious , grass-roots movement , had its strongest base in the area just north of the Ohio River , as well as in some urban ethnic wards . Some historians have argued that it represented a traditionalistic element alarmed at the rapid modernization of society sponsored by the Republican Party , and that it looked back to Jacksonian Democracy for inspiration . Weber ( 2006 ) argues that the Copperheads damaged the Union war effort by opposing conscription ( the `` draft '' ) , encouraging desertion , and forming conspiracies , but other historians say that the draft was already in disrepute and that the Republicans greatly exaggerated the conspiracies for partisan reasons . Historians agree that the Copperheads ' goal of restoring the Union with slavery was naive and impractical , for the Confederates refused to consider giving up their independence . The Copperheads became a major target of the Union ( Republican ) party in the 1864 presidential election . Copperhead support increased when Union armies did poorly , and decreased when they won great victories . After the fall of Atlanta in September 1864 , Union military success seemed assured , and Copperheadism collapsed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ff525a58c8ba737c8f6ed944f80047a0", "text": "William Egan (gangster) William Egan ( June 7 , 1884 - October 31 , 1921 ) was a St. Louis politician and organized crime figure involved in bootlegging and illegal gambling . His brother was the namesake of the infamous Egan 's Rats . The son of a tough Irish-American saloonkeeper , Egan was born and raised in the Kerry Patch , then known as the riverfront Irish ghetto of St. Louis . By his teens , Willie had followed his older brother Thomas into the Kinney Gang . By the time Tom took over the street gang in 1904 , nineteen-year-old Willie was one of his best men . The Rats , at this point in time , specialized in political terrorism , armed robbery , extortion , and bootlegging . With the murder of Egan gangster Sam Young on April 4 , 1909 , Willie Egan inherited his saloon at the corner of Fourteenth and Franklin streets , which would remain a gang headquarters for over ten years . Generally quiet and reserved , Willie was nonetheless a tough street fighter who proved himself time and time again in action . However , Willie was n't as passionate and gregarious as his older brother Tom was . When original Egan 's Rat William `` Skippy '' Rohan was gunned down in Tom 's saloon on January 8 , 1916 , Tom Egan made plans to kill the shooter , Rat gangster Harry `` Cherries '' Dunn . Willie successfully argued from Dunn 's life , only to have `` Cherries '' go berserk later that year , killing Egan allies for trivial reasons . Willie tracked his former pal to the Typo Press Club on the night of September 19 , 1916 and watched as two of his men shot and killed Dunn . This touched off a gang war with the remnant of the old Bottoms Gang , a longtime rival of the Egan 's Rats . The Egans would ultimately prevail , eliminating the Bottoms Gang once and for all . Upon Tom Egan 's 1919 death , Willie took control of the Egan mob . He served as a constable under Judge Andy Gazzolo and a member of the Democratic City Committee . His right-hand man , William `` Dint '' Colbeck , served as his sergeant-at-arms . While Willie tried to maintain the gang 's bootlegging rackets , the younger members , known as `` red hots '' , began looking to high-risk robberies as a source of income . Willie Egan split with his long-time friend , Max Greenberg , when Maxie chisled Egan out of a whiskey shipment . While the two conversed on a downtown street corner on March 11 , 1921 , a gunman appeared out of nowhere and began shooting . Greenberg was shot through the face and another man , John Sweeney , was killed . Willie Egan himself was shot in the arm . It was widely believed that Willie engineered the attempt of Maxie 's life . After recovering and boasting connections to New York bootlegger Arnold Rothstein , Max Greenberg signed on with the Hogan Gang . While standing out in front of his Franklin Avenue saloon on Halloween night , 1921 , Willie Egan was fatally shot by gunmen in a passing automobile . It was said he gasped the names of his killers to Dint Colbeck , who rushed to his aid just after the shooting . Colbeck announced to his men that the shooters were James Hogan , John Doyle , and Luke Kennedy . The ensuing gang war rocked St. Louis and claimed well over a dozen lives ( including those of Doyle and Kennedy ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9affe046dab904020747d9f5494e22ba", "text": "Theme (narrative) In contemporary literary studies , a theme is the central topic a text treats . Themes can be divided into two categories : a work 's thematic concept is what readers `` think the work is about '' and its thematic statement being `` what the work says about the subject '' . The most common contemporary understanding of theme is an idea or point that is central to a story , which can often be summed in a single word ( e.g. love , death , betrayal ) . Typical examples of themes of this type are conflict between the individual and society ; coming of age ; humans in conflict with technology ; nostalgia ; and the dangers of unchecked ambition . A theme may be exemplified by the actions , utterances , or thoughts of a character in a novel . An example of this would be the thematic idea of loneliness in John Steinbeck 's Of Mice and Men , wherein many of the characters seem to be lonely . It may differ from the thesis -- the text 's or author 's implied worldview . A story may have several themes . Themes often explore historically common or cross-culturally recognizable ideas , such as ethical questions , and are usually implied rather than stated explicitly . An example of this would be whether one should live a seemingly better life , at the price of giving up parts of one 's humanity , which is a theme in Aldous Huxley 's Brave New World . Along with plot , character , setting , and style , theme is considered one of the components of fiction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a873c6353b26bf3c013972661bbb7a1", "text": "False economy In economics , a false economy is an action that saves money at the beginning but which , over a longer period of time , results in more money being spent or wasted than being saved . For example , it may be false economy if a city government decided to purchase the least expensive automobiles for use by city workers , as cheap automobiles have a record of needing more frequent repairs in the long term and the additional repair costs would eradicate any initial savings . Motivating factors on the part of the party engaging in false economies may be linked to the long-term involvement of this party . For example , a real estate developer who builds a condominium may turn the finished structure over to the ensuing condominium corporation which is run by its members once the last unit is sold and the building has passed a final inspection . Longevity of the components of the structure beyond the final turnover of the facility may not be a major motivating factor for the developer , meaning that the result of the application of false economies may be more detrimental to the end user , as opposed to the developer . Individuals may also practise false economy in their personal lives . A notable practitioner of false economy was King Frederick William I of Prussia , who was said by Thomas Macaulay to have saved five or six reichsthalers a year feeding his family unwholesome cabbages even though the poor diet sickened his children and the resulting medical care cost him many times what he saved . The concept is related to planned obsolescence , whereby the lower initial cost of a false economy attracts buyers mostly on the basis of low cost , who may later be at a disadvantage . Poor people are often forced into false economies when they ca n't afford the better long term option in the short term .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b7faa0d15dd74150ed06342701fb1cf", "text": "Frontier gambler The Frontier Gambler is one of the most recognizable stock characters of the American West , usually portrayed as a gentlemanly southerner living outside of the law . Historically , gamblers were of both sexes , came from a variety of professions and class backgrounds , were of many different nationalities , and were part of a well-respected profession . As the west became increasingly populated and domesticated , the public perception of gambling changed to a negative one and led nearly all of the state and territorial legislatures to pass anti-gambling laws in and effort to `` clean up '' their towns . The gambler continues to be a captivating figure in the imagery of the west , representing the openness of its society and invoking its association with risk-taking .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad47dc43670072898442977a55502324", "text": "Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation . A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts . The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26b859d4706b58417dc115d2e4afc627", "text": "List of local children's television series (United States) The following is a list of local children 's television shows in the United States . These were locally produced commercial television programming intended for the child audience with unique hosts and themes . This type of programming began in the late 1940s and continued into the late 1970s ; some shows continued into the 1990s . Author Tim Hollis documented about 1,400 local children 's shows in a 2002 book , Hi There , Boys and Girls ! The television programs typically aired in the weekday mornings before school or afternoons after school as well as on weekends ( to a lesser degree ) . There were different formats . Almost all shows had a colorful host who assumed a persona such as a cowboy/cowgirl , captain/skipper/commodore / admiral , jungle explorer , astronaut , king , princess , clown , sheriff/deputy/trooper , cop , firefighter , hobo/tramp , railroad engineer , magician , `` cousin '' , `` grandfather '' or `` uncle '' , whose role was not only to be the `` DJ '' for syndicated material ( typically cartoons , although westerns were more popular earlier on ) but also to entertain , often with a live television studio audience of kids , during breaks . Early program fare included cartoon favorites such as Koko the Clown , Daffy Duck , Crusader Rabbit , Dick Tracy , Popeye , Bugs Bunny , Rocky and Bullwinkle , Casper the Friendly Ghost , Mighty Mouse , Porky Pig , Deputy Dawg , Tin Tin , Mel-O-Toons , Woody Woodpecker , The Funny Company , Mr. Magoo , Space Angel and Clutch Cargo as well as movie shorts such as Laurel and Hardy , Our Gang/The Little Rascals and The Three Stooges and animated versions of Laurel and Hardy , Abbott and Costello and The Three Stooges and live action shorts such as Diver Dan . Some included educational segments like the portraits of wildlife in Nature 's Window .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "309d177e6834ba3804ef3dd615d9742e", "text": "Too big to fail The `` too big to fail '' theory asserts that certain corporations , particularly financial institutions , are so large and so interconnected that their failure would be disastrous to the greater economic system , and that they therefore must be supported by government when they face potential failure . The colloquial term `` too big to fail '' was popularized by U.S. Congressman Stewart McKinney in a 1984 Congressional hearing , discussing the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 's intervention with Continental Illinois . The term had previously been used occasionally in the press . Proponents of this theory believe that some institutions are so important that they should become recipients of beneficial financial and economic policies from governments or central banks . Some economists such as Paul Krugman hold that economies of scale in banks and in other businesses are worth preserving , so long as they are well regulated in proportion to their economic clout , and therefore that `` too big to fail '' status can be acceptable . The global economic system must also deal with sovereign states being too big to fail . Opponents believe that one of the problems that arises is moral hazard whereby a company that benefits from these protective policies will seek to profit by it , deliberately taking positions ( see asset allocation ) that are high-risk high-return , as they are able to leverage these risks based on the policy preference they receive . The term has emerged as prominent in public discourse since the 2007 -- 08 global financial crisis . Critics see the policy as counterproductive and that large banks or other institutions should be left to fail if their risk management is not effective . Some critics , such as Alan Greenspan , believe that such large organisations should be deliberately broken up : `` If they 're too big to fail , they 're too big '' . More than fifty prominent economists , financial experts , bankers , finance industry groups , and banks themselves have called for breaking up large banks into smaller institutions . In 2014 , the International Monetary Fund and others said the problem still had not been dealt with . While the individual components of the new regulation for systemically important banks ( additional capital requirements , enhanced supervision and resolution regimes ) likely reduced the prevalence of TBTF , the fact that there is a definite List of systemically important banks considered TBTF has a partly offsetting impact .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e33b097fdfa2393bef0ea9bcd75da940", "text": "Romantic racism Romantic racism is a form of racism in which members of a dominant group project their fantasies onto members of oppressed groups . Feminist scholars have accused Norman Mailer , Jack Kerouac , and other Beatnik authors of the 1950s of romantic racism . They maintain that the dominant mainstream culture of the 1950s in the United States stressed conformity and held up middle-class suburban families as the cultural ideal , and that it was indifferent to art and literature , upheld racial segregation , and despised or ignored black achievements , such as jazz . Those , like the novelist Norman Mailer , who felt limited by or alienated from mainstream culture , sought out influences from other cultures as form of rebellion . Mailer , a great fan of jazz music , created his concept of what it meant to be `` hip , '' or a member of the white urban counterculture , largely on his perception of the culture of urban African-Americans ( with whom the expression `` hip '' , meaning `` in the know '' , originated ) and articulated his vision in his essay `` The White Negro . '' Mailer , who considered himself an opponent of Victorian sexual repression and regimentation , idealized what he saw as the sexual and other freedoms of minority and other counter-cultural groups , overlooking the fact that in these groups sexual exploitation of women sometimes occurred.These critics consider his depictions of what he imagines African-American life to be like as an instance of what they call `` romantic racism '' , contending that he implies that in urban ghettoes -- filled with sex , drugs , and violence -- life is somehow enriched , rather than hurt , by poverty and crime . Mailer 's essay has also been criticized for spreading the stereotype of African-American men as hypermasculine and hypersexual .", "title": "" } ]