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[ { "docid": "3f5ee136bd3d47b6aaebce48f6977c91", "text": "Michael Keaton Michael John Douglas ( born September 5 , 1951 ) , known professionally as Michael Keaton , is an American actor , producer and director . He first rose to fame for his comedic film roles in Night Shift ( 1982 ) , Mr. Mom ( 1983 ) , Johnny Dangerously ( 1984 ) and Beetlejuice ( 1988 ) , and he earned further acclaim for his dramatic portrayal of the title character in Tim Burton 's Batman ( 1989 ) and Batman Returns ( 1992 ) . Since then , he has appeared in a variety of films ranging from dramas and romantic comedies to thriller and action films ; such as Clean and Sober ( 1988 ) , The Dream Team ( 1989 ) , Pacific Heights ( 1990 ) , Much Ado About Nothing ( 1993 ) , My Life ( 1993 ) , The Paper ( 1994 ) , Multiplicity ( 1996 ) , Jackie Brown ( 1997 ) , Herbie : Fully Loaded ( 2005 ) , The Other Guys ( 2010 ) , Need for Speed ( 2014 ) , RoboCop ( 2014 ) , Spotlight ( 2015 ) and The Founder ( 2016 ) , and he has also provided voices for characters in animated films such as Cars ( 2006 ) , Toy Story 3 ( 2010 ) and Minions ( 2015 ) . In 2017 , Keaton will play the role of Marvel Comics supervillain the Vulture in Spider-Man : Homecoming . Keaton 's lead performance in Birdman or ( The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance ) ( 2014 ) earned him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy , the Critics ' Choice Award for Best Actor and Best Actor in a Comedy , and nominations for the Screen Actors Guild Award , British Academy Film Award , and Academy Award for Best Actor . He previously received a Golden Globe Award nomination for his performance in Live from Baghdad ( 2002 ) and a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for The Company ( 2007 ) . Keaton was awarded a Career Achievement Award from both the Hollywood Film Festival and Zurich Film Festivals . On January 18 , 2016 , he was named Officer of Order of Arts and Letters in France . He is also a visiting scholar at Carnegie Mellon University . </span>", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "cddc20dd18f3e8b71a33154c48dcda9d", "text": "Galactus Galactus is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Formerly a mortal man , Galactus is a cosmic entity who originally consumed planets to sustain his life force , and serves a functional role in the upkeep of the primary Marvel continuity . Galactus was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby and first appeared in the comic book Fantastic Four # 48 , published in March 1966 . Lee and Kirby had desired to introduce a character that broke away from the archetype of the standard villain , culminating in the creation of Galactus . In the character 's first appearance Galactus was depicted as a god-like figure who feeds by draining living planets of their energy , and operates without regard to the morality and judgements of mortal beings . Galactus ' initial origin was that of a space explorer named Galan who gained cosmic abilities by passing near a star , but writer Mark Gruenwald further developed the origin of the character , revealing that Galan lived during the previous universe . As Galan 's universe came to an end , Galan merged with the `` Sentience of the Universe '' to become Galactus , an entity that wielded such cosmic power as to require devouring entire planets to sustain his existence . Additional material written by John Byrne , Jim Starlin , and Louise Simonson explored Galactus ' role and purpose in the Marvel Universe , and examined the actions of the character through themes of genocide , manifest destiny , ethics , and natural/necessary existence . Frequently accompanied by a herald ( such as the Silver Surfer ) , the character has appeared as both antagonist and protagonist in central and supporting roles . Since debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books , Galactus has played a role in over five decades of Marvel continuity . The character has been featured in other Marvel media , such as arcade games , video games , animated television series , and the 2007 film Fantastic Four : Rise of the Silver Surfer . In 2009 , Galactus ranked 5th on IGN 's list of `` Top 100 Comic Book Villains '' , citing the character 's `` larger than life presence '' as making him one of the more important villains ever created . IGN also noted `` Galactus is one of the few villains on our list to really defy the definition of an evil-doer '' as the character is compelled to destroy worlds because of his hunger .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50dc70bdc3c19b7f66c8e4ccf94ccdfa", "text": "Hammerhead (comics) Hammerhead is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . He is primarily an enemy of Spider-Man and a member of organized crime who exists in Marvel 's main shared universe , known as the Marvel Universe . He is closely associated with the Hammerhead `` Family '' , a Maggia crime family . Hammerhead distinguishes himself from other villains in that he dresses up and acts somewhat like a gangster from the 1920s . Due to an injury he suffered , much of his skull was replaced with an unbendable steel alloy by Jonas Harrow , giving his head a flattened shape .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a4994211af3096a392463c6bae114f4", "text": "Ghost Rider Ghost Rider is the name of several fictional supernatural antiheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Marvel had previously used the name for a Western character whose name was later changed to Phantom Rider . The first supernatural Ghost Rider is stunt motorcyclist Johnny Blaze , who , in order to save the life of his father , agreed to give his soul to `` Satan '' ( later revealed to be an arch-demon named Mephisto ) . At night and when around evil , Blaze finds his flesh consumed by hellfire , causing his head to become a flaming skull . He rides a fiery motorcycle and wields blasts of hellfire from his body , usually from his skeletal hands . He eventually learns he has been bonded with the demon Zarathos . Blaze starred in the series from 1972 to 1983 . The subsequent Ghost Rider series ( 1990 -- 1998 ) featured Danny Ketch as a new Ghost Rider . After his sister was injured by ninja gangsters , Ketch came in contact with a motorcycle that had somehow been mystically enchanted to contain the essence of a Spirit of Vengeance . Blaze reappeared in this 1990s series as a supporting character , and it was later revealed that Danny and his sister were Johnny Blaze 's long lost siblings . In 2000s comics , Blaze again became the Ghost Rider , succeeding Ketch . In 2013 , Robbie Reyes became Ghost Rider as part of the Marvel NOW ! initiative . Nicolas Cage starred as the Johnny Blaze iteration of the character in the 2007 film Ghost Rider and the sequel Ghost Rider : Spirit of Vengeance in 2012 . Gabriel Luna plays the Robbie Reyes version in the television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d49a128a07a8c4ed7b5bda0a6fcd21d", "text": "Masters of the Universe: The Movie Masters of the Universe : The Movie is an action-adventure game developed by Gremlin Graphics , and published in 1987 . It is based on the American film Masters of the Universe ( 1987 ) , directed by Gary Goddard . The film and the game are part of the Masters of the Universe media franchise . A promotional photo of Dolph Lundgren as He-Man and Frank Langella as Skeletor illustrates the video game packaging . The MSX version of the game is titled Masters of the Universe . Two other Masters of the Universe video games were published in the same year : Masters of the Universe : The Arcade Game and Masters of the Universe : The Super Adventure .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96755d5fbc3315f0d7c6c2a2a5cf7c88", "text": "Krypton (comics) Krypton , a planet appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . The planet is the native world of Superman and is named after the element krypton , which is abundant in its atmosphere . The planet was created by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster , and was first referred to in Action Comics # 1 ( June 1938 ) . The planet made its first full appearance in Superman # 1 ( Summer 1939 ) . Krypton is also the native world of Supergirl , Krypto the Superdog , and Power Girl ( in her case , an alternate-universe version designated `` Krypton-Two '' ) . It has been consistently described as having been destroyed shortly after Superman 's flight from the planet , although the exact details of its destruction vary by time period and writers . Kryptonians were the dominant species on Krypton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8d83dcbee01fb8584a46c1bdd81f9f0", "text": "Peter Corbeau Peter Corbeau is a fictional character that appears in Marvel Comics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56f51fdca4da100d380a5f52af4594ac", "text": "Red Guardian The Red Guardian ( Russian : Красный хранитель , Krasnij Khranitel ) is the name of several fictional superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The Red Guardian is an identity that was created as the Soviet equivalent of Captain America ; since the fall of the Soviet Union , the name is no longer officially used , though at least two people have claimed the name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c75f70c32ea54b77cbe77e2ae3ad18a", "text": "Captain Marvel (Marvel Comics) Captain Marvel is the name of several fictional superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Most of these versions exist in Marvel 's main shared universe , known as the Marvel Universe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b8da7ae6398eaaceceeba1bc5d3bf6f", "text": "List of Batman Family adversaries The Batman Family adversaries or the rogues gallery are a collective of fictional supervillains appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . These characters are depicted as adversaries of the superhero Batman and his allies . Since Batman first appeared in Detective Comics # 27 ( May 1939 ) , his supporting cast has expanded to include other superheroes , and has become what is now informally called the Batman Family . As with most superheroes , a cast of recurring enemies to the Batman Family have been introduced throughout the decades , collectively referred to as the rogues gallery . Many characters from Batman 's rogues gallery who are criminally insane become patients at Arkham Asylum after they are apprehended . The Batman Family 's rogues gallery has widely been well received , considered by many journalists to be one of the greatest superhero rogues galleries in all of comics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "788f00e7c18db1dd23ed82c4f7ad92bb", "text": "W'Kabi W'Kabi is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . W'Kabi will appear in the upcoming film Black Panther , portrayed by Daniel Kaluuya .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bbdf564ca2264907ce793fef0385720d", "text": "The New Avengers (comics) The New Avengers is a fictional team of superheroes appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics . The title has been used for four American comic book series . The first two were written by Brian Michael Bendis and depicted a version of Marvel 's premiere superhero team , the Avengers . The third was written by Jonathan Hickman and depicted a group of characters called the Illuminati ( formerly introduced in New Avengers Vol . 1 # 7 -LSB- July 2005 -RSB- ) . The fourth is written by Al Ewing and depicts the former scientific terrorist group A.I.M. , reformed as `` Avengers Idea Mechanics '' , whose field team has appropriated the name `` New Avengers '' for itself .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a50b22207e0c61177d5cd2627f3791e9", "text": "Klaatu (comics) Klaatu is a fictional Marvel Comics alien . He first appeared in The Incredible Hulk vol . 2 # 136-137 ( Feb - Mar 1971 ) , a two-part story which credits Roy Thomas as sole writer , but was in fact scripted by Thomas over a plot by Gerry Conway and Herb Trimpe . Klaatu 's character was a thinly veiled pastiche of Moby Dick . Moby Dick is considered to be a symbol of a number of things , among them God , nature , fate , the ocean , and the very universe itself . The name Klaatu was borrowed from the central character of The Day the Earth Stood Still .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b12085c0c5d7c644373a582d874000d", "text": "Mega Man (Archie Comics) Mega Man is a comic series produced by Archie Comics which was announced at New York Comic Con 2010 . The series began publication in April 2011 with Ian Flynn , who has written many stories for Archie 's Sonic the Hedgehog series , involved with the production . The series has proved highly successful , and in 2013 a crossover took place between the Mega Man and Sonic series , under the title `` Worlds Collide . '' The series does not follow the events of the games in exact order , including an adaptation of the Japanese exclusive game Super Adventure Rockman between those of Mega Man 2 and Mega Man 3 . The series later included a few stories set in the time of the Mega Man X series . The popularity of Worlds Collide subsequently led to a second crossover with the Sonic series , Worlds Unite . The series went on an indefinite hiatus after issue 55 , concluding with setup for an adaptation of Mega Man 4 . The series is also notable for the artistic liberties taken with various characters . Shadow Man of Mega Man 3 and the Stardroids of Mega Man V are both featured as creations of Ra Moon , the primary antagonist from Super Adventure Rockman , and all are featured as foes of a group of robots based on Mega Man 8 character Duo . Mega Man and Proto Man 's Japanese names-Rock and Blues-are adapted as the names for their civilian forms . Several Robot Masters also appear in the series earlier than they did in the games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02f97053dedc9db3bab15f5e024ba28d", "text": "Man Mountain Marko Man Mountain Marko ( Michael Marko ) is a Marvel Comics supervillain . Marko was and remains an affiliate of numerous organized-crime entities in the Marvel universe , including the Maggia . He was allied with Silvermane , Caesar Cicero , Eel I , and Nightshade . His most frequent enemies are Spider-Man , Power Man , Iron Fist , Thunderbolt , and Boomerang . He appears to have no relation to Cain Marko , seen in various Marvel titles as the Juggernaut , despite similarities in surname , physique and superpowers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1fdd3bd713870daffb45238de1578fcd", "text": "Reaper (Marvel Comics) Reaper is the name of several fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character known most notably as the Reaper whose real name is Pantu Hurageb , a mutant in the X-Force comic book series . He has been a villain in the main Marvel Universe but a hero in the Ultraverse .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "caec9e7da0436884672b9b6678971417", "text": "Man-Ape Man-Ape ( M'Baku ) is a fictional character , a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character is depicted as a frequent enemy of the Black Panther .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18c0d84fb778741b9d2ae95ac24ee7a2", "text": "Batman: Mask of the Phantasm Batman : Mask of the Phantasm ( also known as Batman : The Animated Movie ) is a 1993 American animated neo-noir superhero mystery film feauring the DC Comics character Batman . Directed by Eric Radomski and Bruce Timm , it is based on the hit TV series Batman : The Animated Series and was distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . The film was written by Alan Burnett , Paul Dini , Martin Pasko and Michael Reaves and stars the vocal talents of Kevin Conroy , Mark Hamill and Efrem Zimbalist , Jr. ( all reprising their roles from The Animated Series ) , in addition to Dana Delany , Hart Bochner , Stacy Keach , and Abe Vigoda . It revolves around Batman attempting to apprehend a mysterious vigilante who 's murdering Gotham City 's crime bosses . The film was originally thought of as a direct-to-video release . Warner Bros. ultimately decided for a theatrical release , giving the filmmakers a strenuous eight-month schedule . Mask of the Phantasm was released on December 25 , 1993 to widespread acclaim from critics , who praised the animation , voice performances , storyline and music , among others . However , due to the decision to release the film in theaters on such short notice , it failed at the box office . After its release on home video , the film found cult success and over the years developed a cult following . The film 's success led to two direct-to-video standalone sequels , Batman & Mr. Freeze : SubZero in 1997 and Mystery of the Batwoman in 2003 . In recent years , many publications including Time , IGN and WhatCulture , have ranked it as one of the best Batman films ever made and among the best animated films ever made .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "005fcfeded2126443baa8f01b805f130", "text": "Dark Angel (Marvel Comics) Dark Angel is the name used by two fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . They have appeared in publications by Marvel UK , though they have no other relation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34a77e4e06bc550de2a460d466684f73", "text": "Nitro (comics) Nitro is a fictional character , a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Nitro is known by comic fans for playing a part in the death of the Kree superhero Mar-Vell . He is also best known for being part of the tragedy that started off Marvel 's Civil War crossover .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a9f2b491c92f4f072177cb5b0ea79c4", "text": "Captain Marvel (Mar-Vell) Captain Marvel ( Mar-Vell ) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character was created by writer-editor Stan Lee and designed by artist Gene Colan and first appeared in Marvel Super-Heroes # 12 ( December 1967 ) . The character debuted during the Silver Age of comic books and has made many appearances since then , including a self-titled series and the second volume of the Marvel Spotlight series . Captain Marvel was ranked 24th in IGN 's list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' and has appeared in television series and video games .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "969f1b4781c1d9c5c9b572220916edcf", "text": "25 (Adele album) 25 is the third studio album by British singer and songwriter Adele . It was released on 20 November 2015 , through XL Recordings . Following the release and international success of her second studio album 21 . Titled as a reflection of her life and frame of mind at 25 years old , 25 is a `` make-up record '' . The album 's lyrical content features themes of Adele `` yearning for her old self , her nostalgia '' , and `` melancholia about the passage of time '' according to an interview with the singer by Rolling Stone , as well as themes of motherhood and regret . In contrast to Adele 's previous works , the production of 25 incorporated the use of electronic elements and creative rhythmic patterns , with elements of 1980s R&B and organs . Like 21 , Adele worked with producer and songwriter Paul Epworth and Ryan Tedder , along with new collaborations with Max Martin and Shellback , Greg Kurstin , Danger Mouse , the Smeezingtons , Samuel Dixon , and Tobias Jesso Jr. . 25 received generally positive reviews from music critics , who commended Adele 's vocal performance and the album 's production . The album was a massive commercial success , debuting at number one in more than 25 markets and broke first-week sales records in multiple countries , including the United Kingdom and United States ; in the US , the album sold 3.38 million copies in its first week of release , marking the largest single-week sales for an album since Nielsen SoundScan began tracking point-of-sale music purchases in 1991 . 25 eventually became the world 's best-selling album of 2015 with 17.4 million copies sold within the year , and has sold 20 million copies as of June 2016 , making it one of the best selling albums worldwide . Following 21 , it was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipments of ten million copies in the United States , making Adele the only artist of the 2010s to achieve this certification with two albums . Many journalists felt that the album impacted the music industry by encouraging the public to return to buying physical albums , instead of downloading or streaming . 25 received the BRIT Award for British Album of the Year , while the lead single `` Hello '' won British Single of the Year . The album then won the 2017 Grammy Awards for Album of the Year , and Best Pop Vocal Album . `` Hello '' also won Grammys for Record of the Year , Song of the Year , and Best Pop Solo Performance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d8b5963a9803190a39a8d003407ab4c", "text": "59th Annual Grammy Awards The 59th Annual Grammy Awards ceremony was held on February 12 , 2017 . The CBS network broadcast the show live from the Staples Center in Los Angeles . The ceremony recognized the best recordings , compositions , and artists of the eligibility year , which runs from October 1 , 2015 to September 30 , 2016 . James Corden hosted the ceremony for the first time . The `` pre-telecast '' ceremony ( officially named The Premiere Ceremony ) was held on the same day prior to the main event and was hosted by comedienne Margaret Cho . The nominations were announced on December 6 , 2016 . Beyoncé acquired the most nominations with nine . Drake , Rihanna , and Kanye West received eight nominations each while Chance the Rapper followed with seven nominations . Adele was the biggest winner of the night with five trophies , including Album of the Year for 25 , Record of the Year , and Song of the Year for `` Hello '' . Adele also became the first artist in history to win all three general field awards in the same ceremony twice , previously winning all three categories in 2012 . David Bowie and Greg Kurstin followed with four trophies . Chance the Rapper won for Best New Artist alongside two other awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d89390a423afcf33351f202da0ccd71", "text": "Hello (Adele song) `` Hello '' is a song by English singer Adele . It was released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album , 25 ( 2015 ) . Adele co-wrote the song with her producer , Greg Kurstin . `` Hello '' is a piano ballad with soul influences , and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret . Upon release , the song was well received by music critics , who compared it favourably to Adele 's previous work and praised the song 's lyrics and Adele 's vocals . It was recorded in London . `` Hello '' reached number one in almost every country it charted in , including the United Kingdom , where it became her second UK number-one single , following `` Someone like You '' , and has the largest opening week sales in three years . In the United States , `` Hello '' debuted atop the Billboard Hot 100 , reigning for 10 consecutive weeks whilst becoming Adele 's fourth number-one on the chart and breaking several records , including becoming the first song to sell over a million digital copies in a week . By the end of 2015 , it had sold 12.3 million units globally ( combined sales and track-equivalent streams ) and was the year 's 7th best-selling single . The accompanying music video was directed by Xavier Dolan and co-stars Adele and Tristan Wilds . The music video for the song broke the Vevo Record by achieving over 27.7 million views within a 24-hour span , held previously by Taylor Swift 's `` Bad Blood '' which accumulated 20.1 million views in that timeframe . It also broke the record for shortest time to attain 100 million Vevo views , previously held by Miley Cyrus ' `` Wrecking Ball '' , as well as shortest time to reach 1 billion YouTube views ( 88 days ) . The clip received seven nominations at the 2016 MTV Video Music Awards , including Video of the Year and Best Female Video . Adele promoted the song with a live performance on a BBC one-hour-long special , entitled Adele at the BBC . At the 59th Annual Grammy Awards , `` Hello '' won three Grammy Awards : Record of the Year , Song of the Year , and Best Pop Solo Performance .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "3af91b88ac2134d00e485e0f6ea57410", "text": "Twenty Five (album) Twenty Five is a greatest hits album by George Michael released on 2006 , celebrating the 25th anniversary of his music career . It was released on 13 November 2006 by Sony BMG . It debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and number 23 on the Billboard 200 , and it reached the top 20 on most other album charts . After Michael 's death in December 2016 , the album re-entered the Billboard 200 at a new peak position of number 12 . The album mostly contains songs from Michael 's solo career , but also from his earlier days with Wham ! . The album is sold in two formats : a 2-CD set and a limited edition 3-CD set . The 2-CD set contains 26 tracks , including four recorded with Wham ! and three new songs : `` An Easier Affair '' , `` This Is Not Real Love '' ( a duet with the British singer Mutya Buena ) and a new version of `` Heal the Pain '' , recorded with Paul McCartney . The limited edition 3-CD version contains an additional 14 lesser known tracks , including one with Wham ! and another new song called `` Understand '' . The 2-CD version was released in the United States on 1 April 2008 , with two changes : `` Feeling Good '' replaced the Wham ! track `` Freedom '' , and `` The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face '' ( from Songs from the Last Century ) replaced `` Round Here '' , a track from Patience that was not released as a single in the US . A 3-CD limited deluxe version was released in the United States exclusively by Best Buy . The track listing for the third CD is the same as the international version , but unlike the 2-CD US version , it includes `` Freedom '' instead of `` Feeling Good '' . The 3-CD version is packaged in a digipak . It includes a 36-page colour booklet with lyrics for every track , along with screen shots from the videos for most of the tracks on the first two CDs . A Twenty Five DVD was also released .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84583b1e9de53cee1a15e80c2ad04123", "text": "Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film , co-written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack , and directed by Jean-Marc Vallée . The film tells the story of Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient diagnosed in the mid 1980s when HIV/AIDS treatments were under-researched , while the disease was not understood and highly stigmatized . As part of the experimental AIDS treatment movement , he smuggled unapproved pharmaceutical drugs into Texas for treating his symptoms , and distributed them to fellow people with AIDS by establishing the `` Dallas Buyers Club '' while facing opposition from the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) . Two fictional supporting characters , Dr. Eve Saks ( Jennifer Garner ) , and Rayon ( Jared Leto ) , were composite roles created from the writer 's interviews with transgender AIDS patients , activists , and doctors . Screenwriter Borten interviewed Woodroof in 1992 and wrote the script , which he polished with writer Wallack in 2000 , and then sold to producer Robbie Brenner . Several other actors , directors , and producers who were attached at various times to the development of the film left the project . Universal Pictures also tried to make the film , but did not . A couple of screenwriters wrote drafts that were rejected . In 2009 , producer Brenner involved Matthew McConaughey , because of his Texas origins , the same as Woodroof 's . Brenner selected the first draft , written by Borten and Wallack , for the film , and then Vallée was set to direct the film . Principal photography began on November 11 , 2012 , in New Orleans , Louisiana , continuing for 25 days of filming , which also included shooting in Baton Rouge . Brenner and Rachel Winter co-produced the film . The official soundtrack album was featured by various artists , and was released digitally on October 29 , 2013 , by the Relativity Music Group . Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival and was released theatrically in the United States on November 1 , 2013 , by Focus Features , strategically entering wide release on November 22 for award season . The film grossed over $ 27 million domestically and $ 27.9 million internationally , the box office revenue returned over $ 55 million against a budget of $ 5 million in 182-days of a theatrical run . It grossed over $ 4.5 million from DVD , and over $ 3 million from Blu-ray sales . The film received universal critical acclaim , resulting in numerous accolades . Most praised the performances of McConaughey and Leto , who received the Academy Award for Best Actor and for Best Supporting Actor , respectively , at the 86th Academy Awards , making this the first film since Mystic River ( 2003 ) , and only the fifth movie ever , to win both awards . The film also won the award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling , and garnered nominations for Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , and Best Editing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d30e14b0e7481d30455df72dd88e390", "text": "We as Human (album) We as Human is the first major label and second and final studio album by Christian rock band We as Human , released on June 25 , 2013 by Atlantic Records . The album was produced by Howard Benson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82e0b553d3ae59a678a0c27702ac69ca", "text": "25th Golden Disc Awards The 25th Golden Disc Awards were held December 9 , 2010 . They recognized accomplishments by musicians from the previous year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "904cac69dc6daca3e72a5c7ecb99d44f", "text": "List of Icelandic films of 2014 The Icelandic film industry produced over twenty feature films in 2014 . This article fully lists all non-pornographic films , including short films , that had a release date in that year and which were at least partly made by Iceland . It does not include films first released in previous years that had release dates in 2014 . Also included is an overview of the major events in Icelandic film , including film festivals and awards ceremonies , as well as lists of those films that have been particularly well received , both critically and financially .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5aadd183c1015b02bbffa242a48c087", "text": "Born to Die Born to Die is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey . Her major label debut , it was released on January 27 , 2012 by Interscope Records , Polydor Records and Stranger Records . Del Rey collaborated with producers including Patrik Berger , Jeff Bhasker , Chris Braide , Emile Haynie , Justin Parker , Rick Nowels , Robopop and Al Shux to achieve her desired sound . Their efforts resulted in a primarily baroque pop record , which sees additional influences from alternative hip hop , indie pop and trip hop music . Contemporary music critics gave Born to Die mixed reviews ; some commended its distinctive production , while its repetitiveness and melodramatic tendencies were a recurring complaint . The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 77,000 copies ; it was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) after moving one million units . Born to Die reached the peak positions on eleven international record charts . After attaining online success after its initial premiere on June 29 , 2011 , `` Video Games '' was released as the lead single from Born to Die on October 17 , 2011 ; it peaked at number ninety-one on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Its follow-up singles `` Born to Die '' , `` Off to the Races '' , `` Blue Jeans '' , `` Summertime Sadness '' , `` National Anthem '' , and `` Dark Paradise '' performed sporadically across Billboard component charts and international record charts . The Cedric Gervais remix of `` Summertime Sadness '' was released on July 11 , 2013 and became Del Rey 's highest-charting single in the United States , reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . Del Rey additionally promoted Born to Die with several televised performances , including a widely criticized appearance on Saturday Night Live . It was reissued on November 9 , 2012 as an expanded version subtitled The Paradise Edition , which was packaged with her third extended play Paradise ( 2012 ) . Born to Die has sold 7,000,000 copies worldwide as of June 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f0244254dba6755d7c92362fd67a818", "text": "Sněženky a machři po 25 letech Sněženky a machři po 25 letech is a Czech comedy film . It was released in 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6129067205e756a9990a65da0e0e1f0", "text": "21st Screen Actors Guild Awards The 21st Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards , honoring the best achievements in film and television performances for the year 2014 , were presented on January 25 , 2015 , on both TNT and TBS 8:00 p.m. EST / 5:00 p.m. PST . Nominees were announced on December 10 , 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7907168f31528853318e058f8beca56f", "text": "International Documentary Association top 25 documentaries The International Documentary Association produced in 2007 a list of the top 25 documentary films as voted by members . Hoop Dreams ( 1994 ) The Thin Blue Line ( 1988 ) Bowling for Columbine ( 2002 ) Spellbound ( 2002 ) Harlan County , U.S.A. ( 1976 ) An Inconvenient Truth ( 2006 ) Crumb ( 1994 ) Gim me Shelter ( 1970 ) The Fog of War ( 2003 ) Roger & Me ( 1989 ) Super Size Me ( 2004 ) Dont Look Back ( 1967 ) Salesman ( 1968 ) Koyaanisqatsi ( 1983 ) Sherman 's March ( 1986 ) Grey Gardens ( 1976 ) Capturing the Friedmans ( 2003 ) Born into Brothels ( 2004 ) Titicut Follies ( 1967 ) Buena Vista Social Club ( 1999 ) Fahrenheit 9/11 ( 2004 ) Winged Migration ( 2002 ) Grizzly Man ( 2005 ) Night and Fog ( 1955 ) Woodstock '' ( 1970 )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e165b4016e8b25f617248cb58e07a897", "text": "Love from London Love From London is the twentieth studio album by Robyn Hitchcock released on March 5 , 2013 on the label Yep Roc Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "643010387100b1df150caeab46f53613", "text": "List of number-one singles of 2013 (Australia) The ARIA Singles Chart ranks the best-performing singles in Australia . Its data , published by the Australian Recording Industry Association , is based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales . In 2013 , seventeen singles claimed the top spot , including `` Thrift Shop '' by Macklemore and Ryan Lewis , which started its peak position in late 2012 . Fifteen acts achieved their first number-one single in Australia , either as a lead or featured artist : Mary Lambert , Nate Ruess , Baauer , Ray Dalton , Passenger , Daft Punk , Pharrell Williams , Robin Thicke , T.I. , Avicii , 2 Chainz , Redfoo , Dami Im , Taylor Henderson and John Legend . Im and Henderson were the only Australian artists to achieve a number-one single . Macklemore and Ryan Lewis had three number-one singles during the year for `` Thrift Shop '' , `` Same Love '' and `` Ca n't Hold Us '' . Jason Derulo earned two number-one singles for `` Talk Dirty '' and `` Trumpets '' . Pharrell Williams also earned two number-one singles during the year , as a featured artist on Daft Punk 's `` Get Lucky '' and Robin Thicke 's `` Blurred Lines '' . Katy Perry 's `` Roar '' was the longest-running number-one single of 2013 , having topped the ARIA Singles Chart for nine weeks . `` Blurred Lines '' was the second longest-running number-one single , with eight consecutive weeks at the top . Passenger 's `` Let Her Go '' stayed at number one for five consecutive weeks , while Avicii 's `` Wake Me Up ! '' topped the chart for six consecutive weeks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a130b14220343f131c8e20559c5869f3", "text": "Justin Bieber's Believe Justin Bieber 's Believe is a 2013 American biographical concert film and the sequel to Never Say Never , both centering on Canadian singer Justin Bieber . It was released through Open Road Films in the United States and Canada on December 25 , 2013 . The film received negative reviews from critics and grossed $ 6.2 million in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1dbfd1cea9ace7721909ada2d6207b8", "text": "List of British films of 2013 The British film industry produced over five hundred feature films in 2013 . This article fully lists all non-pornographic films , including short films , that had a release date in that year and which were at least partly made by the United Kingdom . It does not include films first released in previous years that had release dates in 2013 . Also included is an overview of the major events in British film , including film festivals and awards ceremonies , as well as lists of those films that were particularly well received , both critically and financially . The year was particularly notable for a number of low budget and independent horror films , such as In Fear , Devil 's Pass , Dementamania and Stalled .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ade4f2b16d22917e8ed3df533b8826f4", "text": "Now That's What I Call Music! 25 (U.S. series) Now That 's What I Call Music ! 25 was released on July 17 , 2007 . The album is the 25th edition of the Now ! series in the United States . It debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 , selling approximately 223,000 copies in its first week , and remained at number one in its second week , selling another 149,000 copies . Now ! 25 contains three Billboard Hot 100 number-one hits , `` Girlfriend '' , `` Glamorous '' and `` Buy U a Drank ( Shawty Snappin ' ) '' , and has been certified Platinum by the RIAA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a6e592064f4f4c06a53234d60469ab1", "text": "Quarta Divisão Quarta Divisão is a 2013 Portuguese film directed by Joaquim Leitão .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35b196ed46b2d16b5c11f9ff934c9fb2", "text": "Box 25 Box 25 ( Caja 25 ) is a 2015 Panamanian documentary film directed by Mercedes Arias and Delfina Vidal . The film is about letters that were written by the men who built the Panama Canal . It was originally reported to be the Panamanian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 88th Academy Awards . However , when the final list was announced by the Academy , the film was not included .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02e0d893d657843505f4e985632ffe22", "text": "26th European Film Awards The 26th European Film Awards were presented on 7 December 2013 in Berlin , Germany . The winners were selected by over 2,500 members of the European Film Academy . On 28 October 2013 , a special seven-member jury convened in Berlin and , based on the EFA Selection list , decided on the winners in the categories cinematography , editing , production design , costume design , composer and sound design . On November 4 , 2013 nominations for documentary were announced . The special documentary jury consist five members : Antonio Saura Despina Mouzaki , Claas Danielsen , Ally Derks and Jacques Laurent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e83fa88cab067a683d5a8f5c3b7e0a6", "text": "25th Golden Globe Awards The 25th Golden Globe Awards , honoring the best achievements in 1967 , were held on 12 February 1968 . 25th Golden Globe Awards February 12 , 1968 Film - Drama : In The Heat of the Night Film - Musical or Comedy : The Graduate TV Show : Mission : Impossible", "title": "" }, { "docid": "046a4c5826be7ce88f9a5abb9985d491", "text": "Twenty Five (DVD) Twenty Five is a video album by British singer George Michael , released on DVD in November 2006 . It contains forty videos on two discs , including seven with Wham ! . The Twenty Five album was also released at the same time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a2543644dd2cc4d58041a6c7ba99368e", "text": "Kirk Douglas Kirk Douglas ( born Issur Danielovitch , December 9 , 1916 ) is an American actor , producer , director , and author . He is one of the last living people of the film industry 's Golden Age . After an impoverished childhood with immigrant parents and six sisters , he had his film debut in The Strange Love of Martha Ivers ( 1946 ) with Barbara Stanwyck . Douglas soon developed into a leading box-office star throughout the 1950s and 1960s , known for serious dramas , including westerns and war movies . During his career he appeared in more than 90 movies . Douglas became an international star through positive reception for his leading role as an unscrupulous boxing hero in Champion ( 1949 ) , which brought him his first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor . Other early films include Young Man with a Horn ( 1950 ) , playing opposite Lauren Bacall and Doris Day ; Ace in the Hole opposite Jan Sterling ( 1951 ) ; and Detective Story ( 1951 ) . He received a second Oscar nomination for his dramatic role in The Bad and the Beautiful ( 1952 ) , opposite Lana Turner , and his third nomination for portraying Vincent van Gogh in Lust for Life ( 1956 ) . In 1955 , he established Bryna Productions , which began producing films as varied as Paths of Glory ( 1957 ) and Spartacus ( 1960 ) . In those two films , he starred and collaborated with the then relatively unknown director , Stanley Kubrick . Douglas helped break the Hollywood blacklist by having Dalton Trumbo write Spartacus with an official on-screen credit , although Trumbo 's family claims he overstated his role . He produced and starred in Lonely Are the Brave ( 1962 ) , considered a cult classic , and Seven Days in May ( 1964 ) , opposite Burt Lancaster , with whom he made seven films . In 1963 , he starred in the Broadway play One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest , a story he purchased , which he later gave to his son Michael Douglas , who turned it into an Oscar-winning film . As an actor and philanthropist , Douglas has received three Academy Award nominations , an Oscar for Lifetime Achievement , and the Presidential Medal of Freedom . As an author , he has written ten novels and memoirs . Currently , he is No. 17 on the American Film Institute 's list of the greatest male screen legends of classic Hollywood cinema , and the highest-ranked living person on the list . After barely surviving a helicopter crash in 1991 and then suffering a stroke in 1996 , he has focused on renewing his spiritual and religious life . He lives with his second wife ( of 63 years ) , Anne , a producer . He turned 100 on December 9 , 2016 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "1200b4effa5ba9faca4abd0694301b97", "text": "The Juggler (film) The Juggler ( 1953 ) is a drama film about a survivor of the Holocaust , played by Kirk Douglas . The screenplay was adapted by Michael Blankfort from his novel of the same name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa30740cfcd6348cffa3da8d557b6682", "text": "Getting In Getting In , also known as Student Body , is a 1994 American comedy film directed by Doug Liman starring Andrew McCarthy and Stephen Mailer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a6b9d634b1c09fb1eda308173681d04f", "text": "Black Christmas (2006 film) Black Christmas ( abbreviated as Black X-Mas ) is a 2006 American-Canadian slasher film written and directed by Glen Morgan and starring Katie Cassidy , Michelle Trachtenberg , Mary Elizabeth Winstead , Oliver Hudson , Lacey Chabert , Kristen Cloke , and Andrea Martin . The film takes place several days before Christmas , and tells the story of a group of sorority sisters who are stalked and murdered by the house 's former inhabitants during a winter storm . It is a loose remake of the 1974 film of the same name . The film was produced by Morgan and James Wong through their production company Hard Eight Pictures , along with 2929 Productions and Dimension Films , while Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer distributed the film . In December 2006 , upon anticipation of its premiere , the film garnered some criticism from religious groups due to its graphic content in a holiday setting , as well as the distributor 's decision to release the film on Christmas Day in the United States . The film opened in the United Kingdom on December 15 , 2006 , and , despite backlash from some religious organizations , opened in US theaters on Christmas Day .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "99d9c67bcb027aeb51ec767b8ca64461", "text": "Everybody's Fine (2009 film) Everybody 's Fine is a 2009 American drama film written and directed by Kirk Jones , and starring Robert De Niro , Drew Barrymore , Sam Rockwell and Kate Beckinsale . It is a remake of the Giuseppe Tornatore 's Italian film Everybody 's Fine . In Brazil , Russia and Japan , the film was released direct-to-DVD .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1f7deadfaa275f35ce9b3aaac7d2ac1", "text": "Déjà Vu (2006 film) Déjà Vu ( stylised onscreen without accents ) is a 2006 American science fiction thriller film directed by Tony Scott , written by Bill Marsilii and Terry Rossio , and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer . The film stars Denzel Washington , Paula Patton , Jim Caviezel , Val Kilmer , Adam Goldberg and Bruce Greenwood . It involves an ATF agent who travels back in time in attempts to prevent a domestic terrorist attack that takes place in New Orleans and to save a woman with whom he falls in love . Filming took place in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina . The film was premiered in New York City on November 20 , 2006 , and released widely in the United States and Canada two days later on November 22 , 2006 . It received mixed reviews from critics , and earning $ 64 million in the United States and $ 180 million worldwide . It was the 23rd most successful film worldwide for 2006 . The film was nominated for five awards , and also won the Golden Reel Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd67280a17a83dc4592cf9509023f2d7", "text": "Catalina Caper Catalina Caper ( also known as Never Steal Anything Wet ) is a 1967 comedy musical mystery film starring Tommy Kirk . It is one of the last ( if not the last ) in the beach party film genre . This entry blends the beach format with a standard crime-caper comedy . It was shot on and around Santa Catalina Island , California . The film was also featured in the second season ( episode 4 ) of the movie-mocking television show Mystery Science Theater 3000 ( MST3K ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e700a9680540bc1e0014e24e0e0d274", "text": "Hollywood blacklist The Hollywood blacklist -- as the broader entertainment industry blacklist is generally known -- was the practice of denying employment to screenwriters , actors , directors , musicians , and other American entertainment professionals during the mid-20th century because they were accused of having Communist ties or sympathies . Artists were barred from work on the basis of their alleged membership in or sympathy with the Communist Party USA or refusal to assist investigations into the party 's activities . Even during the period of its strictest enforcement , the late 1940s through the late 1950s , the blacklist was rarely made explicit or verifiable , but it directly damaged the careers of scores of individuals working in the film industry . The first systematic Hollywood blacklist was instituted on November 25 , 1947 , the day after ten writers and directors were cited for contempt of Congress for refusing to testify to the House Un-American Activities Committee . A group of studio executives , acting under the aegis of the Association of Motion Picture Producers , fired the artists -- the so-called Hollywood Ten -- and made what has become known as the Waldorf Statement . On June 22 , 1950 , a pamphlet entitled Red Channels was published . Focused on the field of broadcasting , it identified 151 entertainment industry professionals in the context of `` Red Fascists and their sympathizers . '' Soon , most of those named , along with a host of other artists , were barred from employment in most of the entertainment field . The blacklist lasted until 1960 , when Dalton Trumbo , a Communist Party member from 1943 to 1948 and member of the Hollywood Ten , was credited as the screenwriter of the highly successful film Exodus , and later publicly acknowledged by actor Kirk Douglas for writing the screenplay for the movie Spartacus . A number of those blacklisted , however , were still barred from work in their professions for years afterward .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "410296f5e09f52f38a6d1651fa50f5d0", "text": "Streets of Death Streets of Death is a 1987 American film . Tommy Kirk had retired from acting when the film was made but the producer made him an offer `` that was hard to refuse . '' He was the only professional actor in the cast . The film had some problems ... . I played a cop who has been kicked off the force because he was a drunk and had accidentally killed somebody . But he wanted to be back on the force , to be a cop again , so he goes off on his own and tries to solve this string of serial killings in the Los Angeles suburbs ... That picture was a good example of a case of good intentions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc468add0535d922fb62e7efe5fc4889", "text": "K-PAX (film) K-PAX is a 2001 American science fiction-mystery film based on Gene Brewer 's 1995 novel of the same name , directed by Iain Softley , starring Kevin Spacey , Jeff Bridges , Mary McCormack and Alfre Woodard . The film is about a psychiatric patient who claims to be an alien from the planet K-PAX . During his treatment , the patient demonstrates an outlook on life that ultimately proves inspirational for his fellow patients and especially for his psychiatrist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72624258d58807ba85fe8f6238ca0eb8", "text": "Basic Instinct Basic Instinct is a 1992 neo-noir erotic thriller film directed by Paul Verhoeven and written by Joe Eszterhas , and starring Michael Douglas and Sharon Stone . The film follows a police detective , Nick Curran ( Douglas ) , who is investigating the brutal murder of a wealthy rock star . During the investigation Curran becomes involved in a torrid and intense relationship with the prime suspect , Catherine Tramell ( Stone ) , an enigmatic writer . Even before its release , Basic Instinct generated heated controversy due to its overt sexuality and graphic depiction of violence . It was strongly opposed by gay rights activists , who criticized the film 's depiction of homosexual relationships and the portrayal of a bisexual woman as a murderous narcissistic psychopath . In a 2006 interview , Stone alleged that the infamous leg-crossing scene in which her vulva was exposed was filmed without her knowledge . Despite initial critical negativity and public protest , Basic Instinct became one of the most financially successful films of the 1990s , grossing $ 352 million worldwide . Several versions of the film have been released on videocassette , DVD , and Blu-ray including a director 's cut with extended footage previously unseen in North American cinemas . The film has contemporarily been recognized for its groundbreaking depictions of sexuality in mainstream Hollywood cinema , and has been referred to by scholars as `` a neo-noir masterpiece that plays with , and transgresses , the narrative rules of film noir . '' A 2006 sequel , Basic Instinct 2 starring Stone was made without Verhoeven 's involvement , but received negative reviews from critics and was unsuccessful at the box office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b18cd7242cb9073b0fc28ab5be014731", "text": "Striptease (film) Striptease is a 1996 American erotic comedy film directed , produced , and written by Andrew Bergman , and stars Demi Moore , Burt Reynolds and Ving Rhames . The film is based on Carl Hiaasen 's novel of the same name , and is about a stripper who becomes involved in both a child-custody dispute and corrupt politics . Striptease was generally reviled by critics . It wound up winning several Golden Raspberry Awards , which are given to the worst in cinema . Among these awards given to Striptease was the Award for Worst Picture of 1996 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "196e07aad5b5a36893351de198b6f54d", "text": "The Corsican Brothers (1941 film) The Corsican Brothers is a 1941 swashbuckler film starring Douglas Fairbanks , Jr. in a dual role as the title Siamese twins , separated at birth and raised in completely different circumstances . Both thirst for revenge against the man who killed their parents ( played by Akim Tamiroff ) , both fall in love with the same woman ( portrayed by Ruth Warrick ) . The story is very loosely based on the novella Les frères Corses ( in English : The Corsican Brothers ) by French writer Alexandre Dumas , père . Dimitri Tiomkin was nominated for an Academy Award for Original Music Score ( Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "083e0e2db581fa89909484c5552b20a4", "text": "Douglas Henderson (actor) Douglas Henderson ( January 14 , 1919 in Montclair , New Jersey -- April 5 , 1978 in Studio City , California ) was an American film and television actor . Originally a stage actor , he made the shift to film in 1952 , with his appearance in Stanley Kramer 's Eight Iron Men . Additional film appearances include the 1962 John Frankenheimer film The Manchurian Candidate , in which he played Col. Milt , the direct supervisor of the Maj. Marco character ( played by Frank Sinatra ) . He played Congressman Morrissey in the 1968 comedy Stay Away , Joe starring Elvis Presley . On television , Henderson made six guest appearances on Perry Mason , including the role of title character and defendant Felix Heidemann in the 1960 episode , `` The Case of the Clumsy Clown . '' In 1963 he again played the defendant , this time Dwight Garrett , in `` The Case of the Elusive Element . '' In 1965 he played murder victim Frank Jones , alias Frank Jensen , in `` The Case of the Wrongful Writ , '' and in 1966 he again played the defendant , Greg Stanley , in `` The Case of the Crafty Kidnapper . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85bfa64329e135ebc218b6158c61a85b", "text": "The Heroes of Telemark The Heroes of Telemark is a British 1965 Eastman Color war film directed by Anthony Mann based on the true story of the Norwegian heavy water sabotage during World War II from `` Skis Against the Atom , '' the memoirs of Norwegian resistance soldier Knut Haukelid . The film stars Kirk Douglas as Dr Rolf Pedersen and Richard Harris as Knut Straud , along with Ulla Jacobsson as Anna Pedersen . It was filmed on location in Norway .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "145d1333b602e4753f19de1f1204af56", "text": "First Yank into Tokyo First Yank into Tokyo is a 1945 United States war film ; it takes place during World War II . It was directed by Gordon Douglas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "13391941c2be9faec97eedc0cc0ce7ca", "text": "George Washington (film) George Washington is a 2000 American drama film written and directed by David Gordon Green . Its story centers on a group of children in a depressed small town in North Carolina who band together to cover up a tragic mistake . Although it was not widely seen due to having had a very limited release , the film received wide praise from critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "acc0bf83e3534d39bc38c86329c204ca", "text": "Malone (film) Malone is a 1987 American film adaptation of William P. Wingate 's novel , written by Christopher Frank , directed by Harley Cokeliss , and stars Burt Reynolds , Cliff Robertson and Lauren Hutton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93d989bea3d46081e36c3abfdfebc25f", "text": "David Harum (1934 film) David Harum is a 1934 American comedy film directed by James Cruze and written by Walter Woods . The film stars Will Rogers , Louise Dresser , Evelyn Venable , Kent Taylor , Stepin Fetchit , Noah Beery , Sr. and Roger Imhof . The film was released on March 3 , 1934 , by Fox Film Corporation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da66a4fd84926132f03c2a197a158391", "text": "The Wounded Sky The Wounded Sky is a 1983 Star Trek novel ( Pocket Books # 13 ) by Diane Duane , featuring James T. Kirk as captain of the USS Enterprise . The author would four years later adapt the novel 's plot for the teleplay of the first season Star Trek : The Next Generation episode `` Where No One Has Gone Before '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1ce75d4331a013225892928a25a9c9d", "text": "Marooned (1969 film) Marooned is a 1969 American film directed by John Sturges and starring Gregory Peck , Richard Crenna , David Janssen , James Franciscus and Gene Hackman about three astronauts who are trapped and slowly suffocating in space . It was based on the 1964 novel Marooned by Martin Caidin . While the original novel was based on the single-pilot Mercury program , the film depicted an Apollo Command/Service Module with three astronauts and a space station resembling Skylab . Caidin acted as technical adviser and updated the novel , incorporating appropriate material from the original version . The film was released less than four months after the Apollo 11 moon landing and was tied to the public fascination with the event . It won an Academy Award for Visual Effects for Robbie Robertson .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ed84b2b68655eaec345ff9c5f82335d0", "text": "Huntington's disease Huntington 's disease ( HD ) , also known as Huntington 's chorea , is an inherited disorder that results in death of brain cells . The earliest symptoms are often subtle problems with mood or mental abilities . A general lack of coordination and an unsteady gait often follow . As the disease advances , uncoordinated , jerky body movements become more apparent . Physical abilities gradually worsen until coordinated movement becomes difficult and the person is unable to talk . Mental abilities generally decline into dementia . The specific symptoms vary somewhat between people . Symptoms usually begin between 30 and 50 years of age , but can start at any age . The disease may develop earlier in life in each successive generation . About 8 % of cases start before the age of 20 years and typically present with symptoms more similar to Parkinson 's disease . People with HD often underestimate the degree of their problems . HD is typically inherited from a person 's parents , with 10 % of cases due to a new mutation . The disease is caused by an autosomal dominant mutation in either of an individual 's two copies of a gene called Huntingtin . This means a child of an affected person typically has a 50 % chance of inheriting the disease . The Huntingtin gene provides the genetic information for a protein that is also called `` huntingtin '' . Expansion of CAG ( cytosine-adenine-guanine ) triplet repeats in the gene coding for the Huntingtin protein results in an abnormal protein , which gradually damages cells in the brain , through mechanisms that are not fully understood . Diagnosis is by genetic testing , which can be carried out at any time , regardless of whether or not symptoms are present . This fact raises several ethical debates : the age at which an individual is considered mature enough to choose testing ; whether parents have the right to have their children tested ; and managing confidentiality and disclosure of test results . There is no cure for HD . Full-time care is required in the later stages of the disease . Treatments can relieve some symptoms and in some improve quality of life . The best evidence for treatment of the movement problems is with tetrabenazine . HD affects about 4 to 15 in 100,000 people of European descent . It is rare among Japanese , while the occurrence rate in Africa is unknown . The disease affects men and women equally . Complications such as pneumonia , heart disease , and physical injury from falls reduce life expectancy . Suicide is the cause of death in about 9 % of cases . Death typically occurs fifteen to twenty years from when the disease was first detected . The first likely description of the disease was in 1841 by Charles Oscar Waters . The condition was described in further detail in 1872 by George Huntington , after whom it is named . The genetic basis was discovered in 1993 by an international collaborative effort led by the Hereditary Disease Foundation . Research and support organizations began forming in the late 1960s to increase public awareness , to provide support for individuals and their families , and to promote research . Current research directions include determining the exact mechanism of the disease , improving animal models to aid with research , testing of medications to treat symptoms or slow the progression of the disease , and studying procedures such as stem cell therapy with the goal of repairing damage caused by the disease .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "0c3c11c8cfdd04288ba5b6fa3bad47a8", "text": "Neurodevelopmental disorder Neurodevelopmental disorders are impairments of the growth and development of the brain or central nervous system . A narrower use of the term refers to a disorder of brain function that affects emotion , learning ability , self-control and memory and that unfolds as the individual grows . The term is sometimes erroneously used as an exclusive synonym for autism spectrum disorders . Disorders considered neurodevelopmental in origin , or that have neurodevelopmental consequences when they occur in infancy and childhood , include : Intellectual disability ( ID ) or intellectual and developmental disability ( IDD ) Autism spectrum disorders , such as Asperger 's syndrome Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder Motor disorders including developmental coordination disorder and stereotypic movement disorder Tic disorders including Tourette 's syndrome Traumatic brain injury ( including congenital injuries such as those that cause cerebral palsy ) Communication , speech and language disorders Genetic disorders , such as fragile-X syndrome Down syndrome Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Mendelsohnn 's syndrome Schizophrenia Schizotypal disorder HIV Malaria Neurodevelopmental disorders are associated with widely varying degrees of difficulty which may have significant mental , emotional , physical , and economic consequences for individuals , and in turn their families and society in general .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc39bfa5c942118d4e5ff050ec04f85f", "text": "Phenotype A phenotype is the composite of an organism 's observable characteristics or traits , such as its morphology , development , biochemical or physiological properties , behavior , and products of behavior ( such as a bird 's nest ) . A phenotype results from the expression of an organism 's genetic code , its genotype , as well as the influence of environmental factors and the interactions between the two . When two or more clearly different phenotypes exist in the same population of a species , the species is called polymorphic . A well-documented polymorphism is Labrador Retriever coloring ; while the coat color depends on many genes , it is clearly seen in the environment as yellow , black and brown . This genotype-phenotype distinction was proposed by Wilhelm Johannsen in 1911 to make clear the difference between an organism 's heredity and what that heredity produces . The distinction is similar to that proposed by August Weismann , who distinguished between germ plasm ( heredity ) and somatic cells ( the body ) . The genotype-phenotype distinction should not be confused with Francis Crick 's central dogma of molecular biology , which is a statement about the directionality of molecular sequential information flowing from DNA to protein , and not the reverse . Richard Dawkins in 1978 and then again in his 1982 book The Extended Phenotype suggested that bird nests and other built structures such as caddis fly larvae cases and beaver dams can be considered as `` extended phenotypes '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "354868936826a4eea0eeb717eeeaf092", "text": "Electromagnetic hypersensitivity Electromagnetic hypersensitivity ( EHS ) is a claimed sensitivity to electromagnetic fields , resulting in negative symptoms . EHS has no scientific basis and is not a recognised medical diagnosis . Claims are characterized by a `` variety of non-specific symptoms , which afflicted individuals attribute to exposure to electromagnetic fields '' . Those who are self-described with EHS report adverse reactions to electromagnetic fields at intensities well below the maximum levels permitted by international radiation safety standards . The majority of provocation trials to date have found that such claimants are unable to distinguish between exposure and non-exposure to electromagnetic fields . A systematic review in 2005 showed no convincing scientific evidence for symptoms being caused by electromagnetic fields . Since then several double-blind experiments have shown that people who report electromagnetic hypersensitivity are unable to detect the presence of electromagnetic fields and are as likely to report ill health following a sham exposure as they are following exposure to genuine electromagnetic fields , suggesting the cause in these cases to be the nocebo effect . A 2005 review by the UK Health Protection Agency and a 2006 systematic review each evaluated the evidence for various medical , psychological , behavioral , and alternative treatments for EHS and each found that the evidence-base was limited and not generalizable , but that the best evidence favored cognitive behavioural therapy . As of 2005 , WHO recommended that people presenting with claims of EHS be evaluated to determine if they have a medical condition that may be causing the symptoms the person is attributing to EHS , that they have a psychological evaluation , and that the person 's environment be evaluated for issues like air or noise pollution that may be causing problems . Some people who feel they are sensitive to electromagnetic fields may seek to reduce their exposure or use alternative medicine . Government agencies have enforced false advertising claims against companies selling devices to shield against EM radiation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66a72569348ab299529e2b678dc9e183", "text": "The Gene Bomb The Gene Bomb is a 1996 book by David E. Comings , self-published by Hope Press , that puts forth the theory that higher education and advanced technology may unintentionally favor the selection of genes that increase the likelihood of ADHD , autism , drug addiction , learning disorders , and behavior problems . Comings claims that the prevalence of these disorders is rising and I.Q. is decreasing ; others argue that other factors may be responsible , including increased detection of these disorders . He claims that society is inadvertently creating delays for the highly educated that reduce their reproductivity and causes them to have children later in life , thus raising the odds of certain disorders like autism . On the other hand , he claims that those having learning disorders tend to drop out of school earlier and have more children , thus passing on learning disorders at a higher rate . Environmental and societal factors are usually accepted as the cause , but Comings argues the opposite . According to a review of the book in the British Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology journal , `` The arguments are developed in this book with an alarming lack of scientific accuracy and satisfactory supporting evidence . '' The review concludes that the book `` is an apocalyptic , irrational , and emotional treatise which opens up scientifically unsound issues that have already been formally buried '' . A book review in the Journal of Medical Genetics said , `` This is the sort of book which gets geneticists a bad name '' , adding that some facts `` are simply wrong '' , while vital facts `` are simply missing '' . Comings replied , in a Letter to the Editor , that the review `` missed the whole point of the book and presented to the readers of this journal a distorted view of the issues I attempted to raise '' . Other Tourette syndrome ( TS ) researchers say of Comings ' Tourette 's research that his `` assertions fall outside of the mainstream of the very extensive TS literature that has developed over the past 2 decades '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b639f4c7e6317c4abb31563ab7f4f66f", "text": "Human pathogen A human pathogen is a pathogen ( microbe or microorganism such as a virus , bacterium , prion , or fungus ) that causes disease in humans . The human physiological defense against common pathogens ( such as Pneumocystis ) is mainly the responsibility of the immune system with help by some of the body 's normal flora and fauna . However , if the immune system or `` good '' microbiota are damaged in any way ( such as by chemotherapy , human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) , or antibiotics being taken to kill other pathogens ) , pathogenic bacteria that were being held at bay can proliferate and cause harm to the host . Such cases are called opportunistic infections . Some pathogens ( such as the bacterium Yersinia pestis , which may have caused the Black Plague , the Variola virus , and the malaria protozoa ) have been responsible for massive numbers of casualties and have had numerous effects on afflicted groups . Of particular note in modern times is HIV , which is known to have infected several million humans globally , along with the influenza virus . Today , while many medical advances have been made to safeguard against infection by pathogens , through the use of vaccination , antibiotics , and fungicide , pathogens continue to threaten human life . Social advances such as food safety , hygiene , and water treatment have reduced the threat from some pathogens .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0dd5775d73a2f9f5b1c936cb5008e5b", "text": "History of Tourette syndrome Tourette syndrome is an inherited neurological disorder with onset in childhood , characterized by the presence of multiple physical ( motor ) tics and at least one vocal ( phonic ) tic . The eponym was bestowed by Jean-Martin Charcot ( 1825 -- 93 ) on behalf of his resident , Georges Albert Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette ( 1859 -- 1904 ) , a French physician and neurologist , who published an account of nine patients with Tourette 's in 1885 . The possibility that movement disorders , including Tourette syndrome , might have an organic origin was raised when an encephalitis epidemic from 1918 -- 1926 led to a subsequent epidemic of tic disorders . Research in 1972 advanced the argument that Tourette 's is a neurological , rather than psychological , disorder ; since the 1990s , a more neutral view of Tourette 's has emerged , in which biological vulnerability and adverse environmental events are seen to interact . Findings since 1999 have advanced TS science in the areas of genetics , neuroimaging , neurophysiology , and neuropathology . Questions remain regarding how best to classify Tourette syndrome , and how closely Tourette 's is related to other movement disorders or psychiatric disorders . Good epidemiologic data is still lacking , and available treatments are not risk free and not always well tolerated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1428ddc6d54808f001e25049465019ff", "text": "Natural selection Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype . It is a key mechanism of evolution , the change in heritable traits of a population over time . Charles Darwin popularised the term `` natural selection '' , and compared it with artificial selection . Variation exists within all populations of organisms . This occurs partly because random mutations arise in the genome of an individual organism , and offspring can inherit such mutations . Throughout the lives of the individuals , their genomes interact with their environments to cause variations in traits . The environment of a genome includes the molecular biology in the cell , other cells , other individuals , populations , species , as well as the abiotic environment . Individuals with certain variants of the trait may survive and reproduce more than individuals with other , less successful , variants ; therefore , the population evolves . Factors that affect reproductive success are also important , including sexual selection ( now often included in natural selection ) and fecundity selection . Natural selection acts on the phenotype , or the observable characteristics of an organism , but the genetic ( heritable ) basis of any phenotype that gives a reproductive advantage may become more common in a population . Over time , this process can result in populations that specialise for particular ecological niches ( microevolution ) and may eventually result in speciation ( the emergence of new species , macroevolution ) . In other words , natural selection is a key process in the evolution of a population . Natural selection can be contrasted with artificial selection , in which humans intentionally choose specific traits , whereas in natural selection there is no intentional choice . Natural selection is one of the cornerstones of modern biology . The concept , published by Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in a joint presentation of papers in 1858 , was elaborated in Darwin 's influential 1859 book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection , or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life , which described natural selection as analogous to artificial selection , a process by which animals and plants with traits considered desirable by human breeders are systematically favoured for reproduction . The concept of natural selection originally developed in the absence of a valid theory of heredity ; at the time of Darwin 's writing , science had yet to develop modern theories of genetics . The union of traditional Darwinian evolution with subsequent discoveries in classical genetics formed the modern synthesis of the mid-20th century . The addition of molecular genetics has led to evolutionary developmental biology , which explains evolution at the molecular level . While genotypes can slowly change by random genetic drift , natural selection remains the primary explanation for adaptive evolution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "372e484e487da6249593a3419840251b", "text": "Neurasthenia Neurasthenia is a term that was first used at least as early as 1829 to label a mechanical weakness of the actual nerves , rather than the more metaphorical `` nerves '' referred to by George Miller Beard later . As a psychopathological term , neurasthenia was used by Beard in 1869 to denote a condition with symptoms of fatigue , anxiety , headache , heart palpitations , high blood pressure , neuralgia and depressed mood . Neurasthenia is currently a diagnosis in the World Health Organization 's International Classification of Diseases ( and the Chinese Society of Psychiatry 's Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders ) . However , it is no longer included as a diagnosis in the American Psychiatric Association 's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders . Americans were said to be particularly prone to neurasthenia , which resulted in the nickname `` Americanitis '' ( popularized by William James ) . Another , rarely used , term for neurasthenia is nervosism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f91ef7abd891ba602c53d6b00199042c", "text": "Huntington's disease in popular culture Huntington 's disease has been shown in numerous formats , more so as awareness of the condition has increased . Here is a list of references to it in popular culture ;", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1fbc9de7aebe2abbad9d031aa5e75691", "text": "Distal hereditary motor neuropathy type V Distal hereditary motor neuropathy type V ( dHMN V ) is a particular type of neuropathic disorder . In general , distal hereditary motor neuropathies affect the axons of distal motor neurons and are characterized by progressive weakness and atrophy of muscles of the extremities . It is common for them to be called `` spinal forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease ( CMT ) '' , because the diseases are closely related in symptoms and genetic cause . The diagnostic difference in these diseases is the presence of sensory loss in the extremities . There are seven classifications of dHMNs , each defined by patterns of inheritance , age of onset , severity , and muscle groups involved . Type V ( sometimes notated as Type 5 ) is a disorder characterized by autosomal dominance , weakness of the upper limbs that is progressive and symmetrical , and atrophy of the small muscles of the hands .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6573974c4ab7e0681113933ed77f40cb", "text": "Borna disease Borna disease is an infectious neurological syndrome of warm-blooded animals , caused by Borna disease viruses 1 and 2 ( BoDV-1 / 2 ) , both of which are members of the species Mammalian 1 bornavirus . BoDV-1 an 2 cause abnormal behaviour and fatality . Borna disease viruses 1 and 2 are neurotropic viruses and members of the Bornaviridae family within the Mononegavirales order . Although Borna disease viruses 1 and 2 are mainly seen as the causative agent of Borna disease in horses and other animals , they are also controversially discussed as human infectious agents and therefore as potential zoonotic agents . The role of BoDV-1 and -2 in human illness is controversial and it is yet to be established whether BoDV-1 or -2 cause any overt disease in humans . However , correlative evidence exists linking BoDV-1 / 2 infection with neuropsychiatric disorders such as bipolar disorder .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18026fc25f87c42b3a0322494747fb2a", "text": "Biologist A biologist , is a scientist who has specialized knowledge in the field of biology , the scientific study of life . Biologists involved in fundamental research attempt to explore and further explain the underlying mechanisms that govern the functioning of living matter . Biologists involved in applied research attempt to develop or improve more specific processes and understanding , in fields such as medicine , industry and agriculture . While `` biologist '' can apply to any scientist studying biology , most biologists research and specialise in specific fields . In this way , biologists investigate large-scale organism interactions ( ecology ) , whole multicellular organisms , organs , tissues , cells , and small-scale cellular and molecular processes . Other biologists study less direct aspects of life , such as phylogeny and evolution . Biologists conduct research based on the scientific method , to test the validity of a theory , with hypothesis formation , experimentation and documentation of methods and data . There are many types of biologists . Some work on microorganisms , while others study multicellular organisms . There is much overlap between different fields of biology such as botany , zoology , microbiology , genetics and evolutionary biology , and it is often difficult to classify a biologist as only one of them . Many jobs in biology as a field require an academic degree . A doctorate or its equivalent is generally required to direct independent research , and involves a specialization in a specific area of biology . Many biological scientists work in research and development . Some conduct fundamental research to advance our knowledge of living organisms , including bacteria and other pathogens . This research enhances understanding and adds to the scientific database of literature . Furthermore , it often aids the development of solutions to problems in areas such as human health and the natural environment . These biological scientists mostly work in government , university , and private industry laboratories . Many expand on specialized research that they started in post-graduate qualifications , such as a doctorate .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f65240867c5065a5ad038ebe2e65f54", "text": "Developmental cognitive neuroscience Developmental cognitive neuroscience is an interdisciplinary scientific field devoted to understanding psychological processes and their neurological bases in the developing organism . It examines how the mind changes as children grow up , interrelations between that and how the brain is changing , and environmental and biological influences on the developing mind and brain . Developmental cognitive neuroscience is at the boundaries of neuroscience ( behavioral , systems , & cognitive neuroscience ) , psychology ( developmental , cognitive , & biobehavioral / physiological psychology ) , developmental science ( which includes sociology , anthropology , & biology in addition to psychology & neuroscience ) , cognitive science ( which includes computer science , philosophy , dynamical systems , & linguistics in addition to psychology ) , and even includes socio-emotional development and developmental aspects of social neuroscience and affective neuroscience . The scientific interface between cognitive neuroscience and human development has evoked considerable interest in recent years , as technological advances make it possible to map in detail the changes in brain structure that take place during development . Developmental cognitive neuroscience overlaps somewhat with fields such as developmental psychology , developmental neuropsychology , developmental psychopathology , and developmental neuroscience , but is distinct from each of them as well . Developmental cognitive neuroscience is concerned with the brain bases of the phenomena that developmental psychologists study . Developmental neuropsychology and developmental psychopathology are both devoted primarily to studying patients , whereas developmental cognitive neuroscience is concerned with studying both typical and atypical development . Developmental neuroscience is devoted entirely to the study of developmental processes in the brain , and primarily during the prenatal period . Developmental cognitive neuroscience , on the other hand , is concerned with interrelations between psychological and biological development . Developmental cognitive neuroscientists study brain development and cognitive , social , and emotional development from the prenatal period through adulthood . More recently , developmental cognitive neuroscience is interested in the role of genes in development and cognition . Thus , developmental cognitive neuroscience may shed light on nature versus nurture debates as well as constructivism and neuroconstructivism theories . Developmental cognitive neuroscience research provides data that alternately blends together , clarifies , challenges , and causes revisions in developmental , cognitive , and neuroscientific theories .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9904e980a9e9a9faf22bb0ab4775618", "text": "Albinism Albinism in humans is a congenital disorder characterized by the complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin , hair and eyes . Albinism is associated with a number of vision defects , such as photophobia , nystagmus , and amblyopia . Lack of skin pigmentation makes for more susceptibility to sunburn and skin cancers . In rare cases such as Chédiak -- Higashi syndrome , albinism may be associated with deficiencies in the transportation of melanin granules . This also affects essential granules present in immune cells leading to increased susceptibility to infection . Albinism results from inheritance of recessive gene alleles and is known to affect all vertebrates , including humans . It is due to absence or defect of tyrosinase , a copper-containing enzyme involved in the production of melanin . It is the opposite of melanism . Unlike humans , other animals have multiple pigments and for these , albinism is considered to be a hereditary condition characterised by the absence of melanin in particular , in the eyes , skin , hair , scales , feathers or cuticle . While an organism with complete absence of melanin is called an albino an organism with only a diminished amount of melanin is described as leucistic or albinoid . The term is from the Latin albus , `` white '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7ec7ecebdcba811ab183f0e27e295eb", "text": "Genome instability Genome instability ( also `` genetic instability '' or `` genomic instability '' ) refers to a high frequency of mutations within the genome of a cellular lineage . These mutations can include changes in nucleic acid sequences , chromosomal rearrangements or aneuploidy . Genome instability does occur in bacteria . In multicellular organisms genome instability is central to carcinogenesis , and in humans it is also a factor in some neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or the neuromuscular disease myotonic dystrophy . The sources of genome instability have only recently begun to be elucidated . A high frequency of externally caused DNA damage can be one source of genome instability since DNA damages can cause inaccurate translesion synthesis past the damages or errors in repair , leading to mutation . Another source of genome instability may be epigenetic or mutational reductions in expression of DNA repair genes . Because endogenous ( metabolically-caused ) DNA damage is very frequent , occurring on average more than 60,000 times a day in the genomes of human cells , any reduced DNA repair is likely an important source of genome instability .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65e611d24ef1a5c0723c0a7f0345c5d8", "text": "Familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies Familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies ( FENIB ) is a progressive disorder of the nervous system that is characterized by a loss of intellectual functioning ( dementia ) and seizures . At first , affected individuals may have difficulty sustaining attention and concentrating . Their judgment , insight , and memory become impaired as the condition progresses . Over time , they lose the ability to perform the activities of daily living , and most people with this condition eventually require comprehensive care . The signs and symptoms of familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies vary in their severity and age of onset . In severe cases , the condition causes seizures and episodes of sudden , involuntary muscle jerking or twitching ( myoclonus ) in addition to dementia . These signs can appear as early as a person 's teens . Less severe cases are characterized by a progressive decline in intellectual functioning beginning in a person 's forties or fifties . Mutations in the SERPINI1 gene cause familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies . The SERPINI1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called neuroserpin . This protein is found in nerve cells , where it plays a role in the development and function of the nervous system . Neuroserpin helps control the growth of nerve cells and their connections with one another , which suggests that this protein may be important for learning and memory . Mutations in the gene result in the production of an abnormally shaped , unstable version of neuroserpin . Abnormal neuroserpin proteins can attach to one another and form clumps ( called neuroserpin inclusion bodies or Collins bodies ) within nerve cells . These clumps disrupt the cells ' normal functioning and ultimately lead to cell death . Progressive dementia results from this gradual loss of nerve cells in certain parts of the brain . Researchers believe that a buildup of related , potentially toxic substances in nerve cells may also contribute to the signs and symptoms of this condition . This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern , which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder . In many cases , an affected person has a parent with the condition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cb338cef415fce471641b40c7957409d", "text": "Hypochondriasis Hypochondriasis , also known as hypochondria , health anxiety or illness anxiety disorder , refers to worry about having a serious illness . This debilitating condition is the result of an inaccurate perception of the condition of body or mind despite the absence of an actual medical condition . An individual suffering from hypochondriasis is known as a hypochondriac . Hypochondriacs become unduly alarmed about any physical or psychological symptoms they detect , no matter how minor the symptom may be , and are convinced that they have , or are about to be diagnosed with , a serious illness . Often , hypochondria persists even after a physician has evaluated a person and reassured them that their concerns about symptoms do not have an underlying medical basis or , if there is a medical illness , their concerns are far in excess of what is appropriate for the level of disease . Many hypochondriacs focus on a particular symptom as the catalyst of their worrying , such as gastro-intestinal problems , palpitations , or muscle fatigue . To qualify for the diagnosis of hypochondria the symptoms must have been experienced for at least 6 months . The DSM-IV-TR defines this disorder , `` Hypochondriasis '' , as a somatoform disorder and one study has shown it to affect about 3 % of the visitors to primary care settings . The newly published DSM-5 replaces the diagnosis of hypochondriasis with the diagnoses of `` somatic symptom disorder '' and `` illness anxiety disorder '' . Hypochondria is often characterized by fears that minor bodily or mental symptoms may indicate a serious illness , constant self-examination and self-diagnosis , and a preoccupation with one 's body . Many individuals with hypochondriasis express doubt and disbelief in the doctors ' diagnosis , and report that doctors ' reassurance about an absence of a serious medical condition is unconvincing , or short-lasting . Additionally , many hypochondriacs experience elevated blood pressure , stress , and anxiety in the presence of doctors or while occupying a medical facility , a condition known as `` white coat syndrome '' . Many hypochondriacs require constant reassurance , either from doctors , family , or friends , and the disorder can become a disabling torment for the individual with hypochondriasis , as well as his or her family and friends . Some hypochondriacal individuals completely avoid any reminder of illness , whereas others frequently visit medical facilities , sometimes obsessively . Some sufferers may never speak about it .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6444d9af23f20c300c0886e1039dd6e", "text": "Psychiatric epidemiology Psychiatric epidemiology is a field which studies the causes ( etiology ) of mental disorders in society , as well as conceptualization and prevalence of mental illness . It is a subfield of the more general epidemiology . It has roots in sociological studies of the early 20th century . However , while sociological exposures are still widely studied in psychiatric epidemiology , the field has since expanded to the study of a wide area of environmental risk factors , such as major life events , as well as genetic exposures . Increasingly neuroscientific techniques like MRI are used to explore the mechanisms behind how exposures to risk factors may impact psychological problems and explore the neuroanatomical substrate underlying psychiatric disorders .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48c94b685bce2d17425f3f5152a38e71", "text": "Microinfarct A microinfarct is a microscopic stroke less than 1 millimeter in size . Microinfarcts can be found in 25-50 % of all elderly deceased persons . Microinfarcts may be the second most important cause of dementia , after Alzheimer 's disease . Microinfarcts are microscopic lesions , of cellular death or tissue necrosis , which are a result of pathologies involving small vessels . Such pathologies are arteriosclerosis or cerebral amyloid angiopathy . Microinfarcts take longer to affect neuronal death progress , at up to 28 days , rather than hours . Microinfarcts can range in size from 0.2 to 2.9 mm . This ailment usually goes undetected in clinical-radiological , like structural MRI , studies and is known as a `` silent pathology '' . Depending on the size , large acute microinfarcts may be detected via a special imaging known as diffusion weighted imaging . Microinfarcts tend to occur at a high frequency , without specific regionalized locations . They are common in aging brains . This high frequency is thought to directly disrupt cognitive networks that are imperative to brain operation . Even though microinfarcts are usually undetectable , there is a general assessment of the cognitive status measured on a scale called the Clinical Dementia Rating ( CDR ) . This scale measures different parts of the brain such as diffuse white matter , periventricular myelination and cortical microinfarcts . Assessments of cortical microinfarcts have had the highest rates with being associated with cognitive degeneration . This lower cognition specifically affects perceptual speed and memory ( semantic and episodic ) . People with high frequency of this ailment tend to have greater chances of developing dementia . Although not many studies have been conducted and little is known between microinfarcts and other vascular or epidemiological risk factors , these brain lesions are thought to be masked by other pathologies . However , the common macroscopic infarct is not exhibited in 45 % of people tested for microinfarcts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f8001ee72f9f87a759ab2ca6b465506", "text": "List of questionable diseases This is a list of diseases and diagnoses that are considered questionable or rejected by many in the medical profession . Some are diagnosed using unvalidated or disputed diagnostic techniques such as applied kinesiology . Most purported symptoms are vague , generic , nonspecific , and generally categorised as `` symptoms of life '' . Adrenal fatigue Autistic enterocolitis Chronic Lyme disease Electromagnetic hypersensitivity Fan death Heavy legs Leaky gut syndrome Morgellons Multiple chemical sensitivity Non-coeliac gluten sensitivity Oral galvanism Wind turbine syndrome Wilson 's temperature syndrome , also called Wilson 's thyroid syndrome . Not to be confused with Wilson 's disease .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a787a0ce02b524780a5e1f094b0762a2", "text": "Chad Hayes (writer) Chad Hayes ( born April 21 , 1961 ) is an American author , writer , and actor , and twin brother of Carey Hayes . Chad Hayes was born in Portland , Oregon . Chad and his brother Carey have written several movies together , such as the 2005 remake of House of Wax and the planned remake of The Blob in 2011 . As a writer , he is also known for The Conjuring ( 2013 ) , and The Reaping ( 2007 ) . He and Carey , also starred in Doublemint gum commercials in their childhood . He has two children : Dylan and Hanna .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "7615be5221c1f741abf7f033c4f1db1b", "text": "Hayes Davenport Hayes Davenport ( born March 23 , 1986 ) is an American writer , comedian , and television producer . Hayes grew up in Massachusetts . He is best known as the co-host of the Earwolf production Hollywood Handbook alongside Sean Clements . Davenport has also appeared as a contestant on the game show Jeopardy! . He has written for Family Guy , Eastbound & Down , Allen Gregory , and Nick Swardson 's Pretend Time . He is currently a writer for the show Vice Principals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad331b6713f9e7e3f01aba59437f7481", "text": "Richard Hayes (professor) Richard Hayes ( aka Dharmacārī Dayāmati ) ( born 1945 ) is an Emeritus professor of Buddhist philosophy at the University of New Mexico . He received his Ph.D. in religious studies from the University of Toronto in 1982 . Hayes moved to Canada in 1967 in order to avoid being drafted for the Vietnam War . Hayes is a noted scholar in the field of Buddhist Sanskrit , specializing in the study of Dharmakīrti and Dignāga . Hayes was formerly Professor of Sanskrit at McGill University in Canada . He joined the University of New Mexico in the fall of 2003 . and retired in 2014 . For many years Hayes was moderator and a prolific contributor to the now defunct online discussion group Buddha-L . Buddha-L attracted a mix of scholars and amateurs and hosted vigorous and at times acrimonious debates . As well as teaching Buddhism and Sanskrit , Hayes is himself a Buddhist and a Quaker . In a brief blog bio he says he was `` Initiated as a dharmachari with the name Dayāmati into the Triratna Buddhist Order on January 26 , 2000 . I am also a member of Albuquerque Monthly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends ( Quakers ) . Hayes is a noted essayist ( Land of No Buddha ) and blogger ( New City of Friends , Out of a Living Silence ) of considerable wit and clarity . He has expressed vehement political opinions , and been critical in particular of Republican politicians .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8884cdbaebfc260ac266a6900bb3b9e4", "text": "1184 Year 1184 ( MCLXXXIV ) was a leap year starting on Sunday ( link will display the full calendar ) of the Julian calendar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9836b461facc299f138c7d79616ab7fc", "text": "Four Trials Four Trials is a book by former U.S. Senator John Edwards of North Carolina and his co-writer , John Auchard . The book was published by Simon & Schuster in December 2003 , before Edwards unsuccessfully ran for the Democratic Party presidential nomination and , later , vice president on the Democratic Party ticket with fellow Senator John Kerry of Massachusetts in the 2004 presidential election . The book is autobiographical in nature and relates the story of four civil trials where Edwards acted as an attorney for people seeking damages ( petitioners ) against large institutions and insurance companies ( respondents ) . Interspersing the stories of each trial are remembrances from Edwards 's childhood , time at the University of North Carolina School of Law , and meeting his wife , Elizabeth Anania Edwards . Edwards also wrote about his children ( including Wade , his teenage son who died in a car accident ) . The four trials are covered in four chapters : `` E.G. '' ( an alcoholic who was treated by an aggressive aversion therapy that caused coma and brain damage ) , `` Jennifer '' ( a woman whose child had serious injuries because her obstetrician did n't perform a Cesarean section ) , `` Josh '' ( a young child whose parents were killed in a car crash by a speeding truck driver who was paid by the number of miles he drove ) , and Valerie Lakey ( a girl , age five , who was seriously injured by a swimming pool drain due to a faulty design ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b55f25c288581829474497834533c42c", "text": "Fourth Reading Fourth Reading was a weekly current events newsmagazine series in Canada , airing on TVOntario from 1992 to 2006 . It was hosted by Steve Paikin . The show covered provincial politics in Ontario and national political issues affecting the province . Its name derived from the parliamentary convention that a bill receives three readings in a legislative house before becoming law ; media coverage would therefore constitute a `` fourth reading '' . In 1997 , Minister of Education John Snobelen was being interviewed on a Thursday afternoon , for the show that would air the Friday night . During this interview , then-Premier Mike Harris announced a cabinet shuffle in which Snobelen became the Minister of Natural Resources . Category : Canadian television news programs Category : TVOntario shows Category :1992 Canadian television series debuts Category :2006 Canadian television series endings Category :1990 s Canadian television series Category :2000 s Canadian television series", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39365154d99a7841dd510123ad602be9", "text": "February 4 This day marks the approximate midpoint of winter in the Northern Hemisphere and of summer in the Southern Hemisphere ( starting the season at the December solstice ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b83f4c1f87b4b6dfd5dba99ae7fe6e57", "text": "1044 Year 1044 ( MXLIV ) was a leap year starting on Sunday ( link will display the full calendar ) of the Julian calendar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "576932fb43034f23c9f4a0129b5ca939", "text": "On a Good Night On a Good Night is the second studio album released by American country music artist Wade Hayes . Released in 1996 on Columbia Records Nashville , it produced a # 2-peaking single on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks ( now Hot Country Songs ) charts in its title track that year . Like his previous album Old Enough to Know Better , On a Good Night also received gold certification in the U.S. for sales of more than 500,000 copies . `` Undo the Right '' was previously recorded by Willie Nelson on his 1962 album And Then I Wrote , and `` Hurts Do n't It '' was previously recorded by Greg Holland on his 1994 debut album Let Me Drive .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad7b5c9dae823ef76cd95f50e05a158b", "text": "Calendar Boys `` Calendar Boys '' is an episode of the BBC sitcom , The Green Green Grass . It was screened on 22 January 2009 , as the third episode of the fourth series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8fa77318750434b1ab2bb0c0c51afe6c", "text": "Byron Bay Writers Festival The Byron Bay Writers Festival is a literary event taking place annually in Byron Bay , New South Wales . The festival commenced in 1997 , and is run over a weekend . As of 2010 it included presentations by over 100 participants . The festival has included interviews with a number of notable writers including Brett Easton Ellis , Matthew Reilly and Kathy Lette . In 2005 the festival had an audience of between 7,000 and 8,000 , an increase of 25 per cent over the previous year . Notable participants included Midnight Oil drummer and songwriter Rob Hirst , writers Delia Falconer and Kate Grenville , and novelist Robert Drewe who lives in the area . The tenth festival was held in 2006 , and attracted an audience of 9,000 across 90 sessions . Presenters included sports journalist Gideon Haigh , actor and writer William McInnes , and Robert Drewe . The 2010 appearance by Brett Easton Ellis received mixed coverage following his remarks , both at the festival and through Twitter , about Australian singer Delta Goodrem , commenting `` I did n't know who she was but God she 's really hot '' . The Byron Bay Writers Festival is organised through the Northern Rivers Writers ' Centre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "000b0d397b5559b88a3b5d1435224485", "text": "Chad Kultgen Chad Kultgen ( born June 16 , 1976 ) is an American novelist and journalist . He has published opinion pieces in The Huffington Post , and was a staff writer for Hits and the Weekly World News . His works have been reviewed by Maxim , Penthouse , and The New York Times among others . He has several writing and production credits , including The Incredible Burt Wonderstone , a 2013 film starring Steve Carell . Critics have maintained that his male protagonists are misogynistic and trite . Kultgen says he frequently `` get -LSB- s -RSB- messages from people who did n't enjoy the books . They tend to be a bit irate and usually take the time to tell me that I 'm the worst living writer , the world would be a better place without me , I have no understanding of women or all of my books should be burned . '' A New York Times piece in 2011 interviewed people who asserted that characters in his works were based on them .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06727a2877048e7cd84e08becd669292", "text": "Packed to the Rafters (season 4) The fourth season of Packed to the Rafters '' , an Australian drama television series , began on 8 February 2011 on the Seven Network . The season concluded on 20 March 2012 after 22 episodes . Season four traces the family 's fortunes as they attempt to rebuild their lives in the aftermath of Melissa 's death . Strong family bonds ensure that traumatised Ben receives warm support as he takes his first steps back into the work-force . Slowly he learns to smile again , embracing a newfound interest in gardening and a growing friendship with his boss 's daughter Emma , which might hold the promise of something more . There are further love issues in the Karandonis household , with Carbo and Retta choosing to elope rather than face the comic extravagance of a Karandonis wedding . Julie and Dave , meanwhile , are forced to deal with the consequences for Rachel and Jake of a dangerous accusation flung at him by a drunken woman on a rugby weekend away . Rachel 's feelings for Jake are tested to the limit , especially when her boss throws into the confusing mix the chance of a lifetime to work in New York . The Rafters also wrestle with the unexpected arrival of new family members , not the least being the release from prison of Dave 's father , Tom . Tom 's never quite predictable manipulations ultimately force Dave to take a heart-breaking stand , and cause him to initially misjudge the intentions of his half-brother , Matt . Julie meanwhile finds a new best friend in Donna , though their initial exchanges are hilariously unpromising . Meanwhile , Nathan is searching for new direction in his life and his desire to travel forces Julie and Dave to undertake some soul-searching of their own . Ted is also keen to find a greater purpose , mentoring a troubled twelve-year-old boy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4af6e9d63d237c76a9ababf066f833da", "text": "Hayes, Jamaica Hayes is a settlement in Jamaica . It has a population of 10,639 as of 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad00fc0961ec82807432cfa360a8f5eb", "text": "Arden Hayes Arden Hayes ( born January 30 , 2008 ) is an American child prodigy . From Southern California , he became known at age 5 for his knowledge of American and geopolitics . Reciting Lincoln 's Gettysburg Address , and being able to identify the countries of the world and name the capitals of each . His interest in American presidents was sparked by Arden 's learning that he shares a birthday with former United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt . On May 4 , 2013 , Arden was featured in an article and video in the Los Angeles Times . This spurred many additional newspaper articles and blogs and Arden appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! on July 2 , 2013 , to demonstrate his knowledge regarding U.S. presidents . On November 5 , 2013 , Arden again appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! , and displayed his knowledge of the nations of the world and their capitals and rejected a free Sony Xperia Tablet Z because he preferred the Apple iPad and would rather wait until Christmas to receive it . He appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! for the third time on April 2 , 2014 , and showed his interest and knowledge about chemical elements in the periodic table . He appeared on the show again on November 23 , 2015 , when he won a shut-out victory against the cast of Star Wars : The Force Awakens in a Star Wars trivia contest .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c77b3b547ffb3c731ce407089bd63bb0", "text": "Haven (season 4) The fourth season of the American television series Haven premiered on September 13 , 2013 and consisted a total of 13 episodes . The show stars Emily Rose , Lucas Bryant and Eric Balfour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e674a3a8088d8243379a27d72a696d0", "text": "4th millennium in fiction Fictional depictions of the 4th millennium AD ( 3001-4000 AD ) have appeared across nearly all media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e6032bbe791fffb4b28ee7ea9c590e8", "text": "6/4 6/4 can refer to : June 4 ( month-day date notation ) Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 , also referred to the June Fourth Incident . 6 April ( day-month date notation ) 6/4 ( time signature ) , an time signature comparable to 6/8 or 3/4 time", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59bee6c044462659afc7329d1e821d55", "text": "My Family (series 4) The fourth series of the BBC family sitcom My Family originally aired between 21 March 2003 and 25 December 2003 . The series was commissioned following consistently high ratings from the third series . The opening episode of the series , `` Fitting Punishment '' , re-introduces five of the main characters , with the exception of Janey , played by Daniela Denby-Ashe . The episode also introduces a further main character into the fold - Roger Bailey , played by Keiron Self . All fourteen episodes in the fourth series are thirty minutes in length , including the Christmas special . The series was once again produced by Rude Boy Productions , a company that produces comedies created by Fred Barron . The series was filmed at Pinewood Studios in London , in front of a live audience .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7a850deebe7aef1f4b6360243dd323f", "text": "Yesterday's Song `` Yesterday 's Song '' is a song recorded by American singer Hunter Hayes as the lead single for his upcoming fourth studio album . Hayes co-wrote the track with Barry Dean and Martin Johnson and also assisted Dann Huff with production . It was released to digital retailers on September 23 , 2016 and officially impacted American country radio on October 24 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be009fdb815e596f31856fb61c504fb3", "text": "Drew Hayes Lawrence Andrew `` Drew '' Hayes ( July 20 , 1969 -- March 21 , 2007 ) was a writer and graphic artist who is best known as the creator of the long-running independent comic book series Poison Elves . Hayes began self-publishing I , Lusiphur under the Mulehide Graphics imprint in 1991 . He changed the series title to Poison Elves with # 8 , and continued through # 20 . During this period , he was a prominent example of creators distributing their black and white comics to the direct market . In 1995 he signed a `` lifetime contract '' assigning the rights to the series to Sirius Entertainment , where he produced another 79 issues and a color special , the last of which was published in September 2004 . His work has been collected in ten Poison Elves paperbacks . He engaged in an ongoing mock `` feud '' with fellow comics creator Brian Bendis in the letters pages of their books . Hayes suffered from health problems which hampered his ability to create comics . He was overweight , had suffered cardiac damage from sleep apnea , and had been hospitalized more than once . After undergoing treatment in the hospital and losing weight , he planned to resume creating new issues of Poison Elves , but died at the age of 37 , of a heart attack while suffering from pneumonia .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ecf6240053182ecb3ec0af45e6eb0f44", "text": "Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar ( -LSB- ˈɡaː.i.ʊs ˈjuː.li.ʊs ˈkae̯.sar -RSB- ; 13 July 100 BC -- 15 March 44 BC ) , known as Julius Caesar , was a Roman politician , general , and notable author of Latin prose . He played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire . In 60 BC , Caesar , Crassus , and Pompey formed a political alliance that dominated Roman politics for several years . Their attempts to amass power as Populares were opposed by the Optimates within the Roman Senate , among them Cato the Younger with the frequent support of Cicero . Caesar 's victories in the Gallic Wars , completed by 51 BC , extended Rome 's territory to the English Channel and the Rhine . Caesar became the first Roman general to cross both the Channel and the Rhine , when he built a bridge across the Rhine and crossed the Channel to invade Britain . These achievements granted him unmatched military power and threatened to eclipse the standing of Pompey , who had realigned himself with the Senate after the death of Crassus in 53 BC . With the Gallic Wars concluded , the Senate ordered Caesar to step down from his military command and return to Rome . Caesar refused the order , and instead marked his defiance in 49 BC by crossing the Rubicon with the 13th Legion , leaving his province and illegally entering Roman Italy under arms . Civil war resulted , and Caesar 's victory in the war put him in an unrivalled position of power and influence . After assuming control of government , Caesar began a programme of social and governmental reforms , including the creation of the Julian calendar . He centralised the bureaucracy of the Republic and was eventually proclaimed `` dictator in perpetuity '' , giving him additional authority . But the underlying political conflicts had not been resolved , and on the Ides of March ( 15 March ) 44 BC , Caesar was assassinated by a group of rebellious senators led by Marcus Junius Brutus . A new series of civil wars broke out , and the constitutional government of the Republic was never fully restored . Caesar 's adopted heir Octavian , later known as Augustus , rose to sole power after defeating his opponents in the civil war . Octavian set about solidifying his power , and the era of the Roman Empire began . Much of Caesar 's life is known from his own accounts of his military campaigns , and from other contemporary sources , mainly the letters and speeches of Cicero and the historical writings of Sallust . The later biographies of Caesar by Suetonius and Plutarch are also major sources . Caesar is considered by many historians to be one of the greatest military commanders in history .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3fa404123b0e5f3e1fb50964497840e3", "text": "Cleopatra Cleopatra VII Philopator ( Κλεοπάτρα Φιλοπάτωρ 69 -- August 12 , 30 BC ) , known to history simply as Cleopatra , was the last active ruler of Ptolemaic Egypt , briefly survived as pharaoh by her son Caesarion . After her reign , Egypt became a province of the recently established Roman Empire . Cleopatra was a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty , a Greek family of Macedonian origin that ruled Egypt after Alexander the Great 's death during the Hellenistic period . The Ptolemies spoke Greek throughout their dynasty , and refused to speak Egyptian , which is the reason that Greek as well as Egyptian languages were used on official court documents such as the Rosetta Stone . By contrast , Cleopatra did learn to speak Egyptian and represented herself as the reincarnation of the Egyptian goddess Isis . Cleopatra originally ruled jointly with her father Ptolemy XII Auletes , and later with her brothers Ptolemy XIII and Ptolemy XIV , whom she married as per Egyptian custom , but eventually she became sole ruler . As queen , she consummated a liaison with Julius Caesar that solidified her grip on the throne . She later elevated Caesarion , her son with Caesar , to co-ruler in name . After Caesar 's assassination in 44 BC , she aligned with Mark Antony in opposition to Caesar 's legal heir Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus ( later known as Augustus ) . With Antony , she bore the twins Cleopatra Selene II and Alexander Helios , and son Ptolemy Philadelphus ( her unions with her brothers had produced no children ) . Antony committed suicide after losing the Battle of Actium to Octavian 's forces , and Cleopatra followed suit . According to a popular belief , she killed herself by means of an asp bite on August 12 , 30 BC . She was outlived by Caesarion , who was declared pharaoh by his supporters , but he was soon killed on Octavian 's orders . Egypt then became the Roman province of Aegyptus . Her legacy survives in numerous works of art and many dramatizations of incidents from her life in literature and other media , such as William Shakespeare 's tragedy Antony and Cleopatra , George Frideric Handel 's opera Giulio Cesare , George Bernard Shaw 's play Caesar and Cleopatra , Jules Massenet 's opera Cléopâtre , and the films Cleopatra ( 1934 ) and Cleopatra ( 1963 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cc4ecb95cfd32e4a8435c659e6087b8c", "text": "Mark Antony Marcus Antonius ( Latin : ; January 14 , August 1 , 30 BC ) , commonly known in English as Mark or Marc Antony , was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from an oligarchy into the autocratic Roman Empire . Antony was a supporter of Julius Caesar , and served as one of his generals during the conquest of Gaul and the Civil War . Antony was appointed administrator of Italy while Caesar eliminated political opponents in Greece , North Africa , and Spain . After Caesar 's death in 44 BC , Antony joined forces with Marcus Aemilius Lepidus , another of Caesar 's generals , and Octavian , Caesar 's nephew and adopted son , forming a three-man dictatorship known to historians as the Second Triumvirate . The Triumvirs defeated Caesar 's murderers , the Liberatores , at the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC , and divided the government of the Republic between themselves . Antony was assigned Rome 's eastern provinces , including the client kingdom of Egypt , then ruled by Cleopatra VII Philopator , and was given the command in Rome 's war against Parthia . Relations among the Triumvirs were strained as the various members sought greater political power . Civil war between Antony and Octavian was averted in 40 BC , when Antony married Octavian 's sister , Octavia . Despite this marriage , Antony carried on a love affair with Cleopatra , who bore him three children , further straining Antony 's relations with Octavian . Lepidus was expelled from the association in 36 BC , and in 33 BC disagreements between Antony and Octavian caused a split between the remaining Triumvirs . Their ongoing hostility erupted into civil war in 31 BC , as the Roman Senate , at Octavian 's direction , declared war on Cleopatra and proclaimed Antony a traitor . Later that year , Antony was defeated by Octavian 's forces at the Battle of Actium . Antony and Cleopatra fled to Egypt , where they committed suicide . With Antony dead , Octavian was the undisputed master of the Roman world . In 27 BC , Octavian was granted the title of Augustus , marking the final stage in the transformation of the Roman Republic into an empire , with himself as the first Roman emperor .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "375d2ad917f550a66864b266e075bf8c", "text": "Juba II Juba II ( Berber : Yuba , ⵢⵓⴱⴰ ; Iuba in Latin ; Ἰóβας , Ἰóβα or Ἰούβας ) or Juba II of Numidia ( 52/50 BC -- AD 23 ) was a king of Numidia and then later moved to Mauretania . His first wife was Cleopatra Selene II , daughter of Greek Ptolemaic Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt and Roman triumvir Mark Antony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cbc56d2a0f939cff71a82fb51d8ae594", "text": "Sotades Sotades ( Σωτάδης 3rd century BC ) was an Ancient Greek poet . Sotades was born in Maroneia , either the one in Thrace , or in Crete . He lived in Alexandria during the reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus ( 285-246 BC ) . The city was at that time a remarkable center of learning , with a great deal of artistic and literary activity , including epic poetry and the Great Library . Only a few genuine fragments of his work have been preserved ; those in Stobaeus are generally considered spurious . Ennius translated some poems of this kind , included in his book of satires under the name of Sola . He had a son named Apollonius . Sotades was the chief representative of the writers of obscene and even pederastic satirical poems , called Kinaidoi , composed in the Ionic dialect and in the metre named after him . The sotadic metre or sotadic verse , which has been classified by ancient and modern scholars as a form of ionic metre , is one that reads backwards and forwards the same , as `` llewd did I live , and evil I did dwell . '' These verses have also been called palindromic . Sotades was also the author of some of the first recorded palindromes , and many credit him with the invention of that particular genre of composition . One of his poems attacked Ptolemy 's marriage to his own sister Arsinoe , from which came the infamous line : `` You 're sticking your prick in an unholy hole . '' For this , Sotades was imprisoned , but he escaped to the island of Caunus , where he was afterwards captured by Patroclus , Ptolemy 's admiral , shut up in a leaden chest , and thrown into the sea . ( Kaunos was a mythological character who fell in love with his sister ; Kaunos is the city named after him , in ancient Caria , Anatolia . ) British Orientalist and explorer Sir Richard Francis Burton ( 1821-1890 ) hypothesised the existence of a `` Sotadic zone '' . He asserted that there exists a geographic zone in which pederasty , i.e. romantic-sexual intimacy between a boy and a man , is prevalent and celebrated among the indigenous inhabitants , and named it after Sotades .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ffc934ed9224edb8b114d87fd21c856", "text": "Anteros In Greek mythology , Anteros ( Ἀντέρως , Antérōs ) was the god of requited love , literally `` love returned '' or `` counter-love '' and also the punisher of those who scorn love and the advances of others , or the avenger of unrequited love . Anteros was the son of Ares and Aphrodite in Greek mythology , given as a playmate to his brother Eros , who was lonely -- the rationale being that love must be answered if it is to prosper . Alternatively , he was said to have arisen from the mutual love between Poseidon and Nerites . Physically , he is depicted as similar to Eros in every way , but with long hair and plumed butterfly wings . He has been described also as armed with either a golden club or arrows of lead . Anteros , with Eros , was one of a host of winged love gods called Erotes , the ever-youthful winged gods of love , usually depicted as winged boys in the company of Aphrodite or her attendant goddesses . An altar to this god was put up by the metics in Athens in commemoration of the spurned love of the metic Timagoras who was rejected by the Athenian Meles . Upon hearing Timagoras ' declaration of love for him , the young man mockingly ordered him to throw himself down from the top of a tall rock . Seeing Timagoras dead , Meles repented and threw himself down from the same rock . Describing the nature of the emotion , Plato asserts that it is the result of the great love for another person . The lover , inspired by beauty , is filled with divine love and `` filling the soul of the loved one with love in return . '' As a result , the loved one falls in love with the lover , though the love is only spoken of as friendship . They experience pain when the two are apart , and relief when they are together , the mirror image of the lover 's feelings , is anteros , or `` counter-love . '' Anteros is the subject of the Shaftesbury Memorial in Piccadilly Circus , London , where he symbolises the selfless philanthropic love of the Earl of Shaftesbury for the poor . The memorial is sometimes given the name The Angel of Christian Charity and is popularly mistaken for Eros .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fcc167bb87707421447cc8aba6d037fa", "text": "Mithridates I of the Bosporus Mithridates I of the Bosporus sometimes known as Mithridates II of the Bosporan and Mithridates of Pergamon ( flourished 1st century BC ) , was a nobleman from Anatolia . Mithridates was one of the sons born to King Mithridates VI of Pontus from his mistress , the Galatian Celtic Princess Adobogiona the Elder . He also had a full blooded sister called Adobogiona the Younger . The Pontic Prince was of Persian , Macedonian and Celtic ancestry . His father sent Mithridates to Pergamon to be educated , where he became a leading citizen of that city . Mithridates was a tetrarch over the Trocmi tribe . In the winter of 48/47 BC , Roman dictator Julius Caesar became trapped in Alexandria , Egypt . Caesar was besieged in Alexandria by the armies of Achillas , guardian and general for King Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator . Mithridates raised an army and came to Caesar 's relief . In the aftermath of the Battle of Zela , Caesar made him king of the Bosporan Kingdom , by commanding Mithridates to declare war on his niece Dynamis and her husband Asander ( who were then the ruling monarchs ) to keep the kingship for himself . Dynamis and Asander were defeated by Mithridates and his army , and Mithridates became King of the Bosporan . However , after Caesar 's death in 44 BC , the Bosporan Kingdom was restored to Dynamis and Asander by Caesar 's great nephew and heir , Octavian ( future Roman Emperor Augustus ) . Sometime after Mithridates abdicated his throne from the Bosporan Kingdom , he died . Mithridates was portrayed by Furio Meniconi in the 1963 film Cleopatra .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "913f519527aebabde10a3bf31991ce8f", "text": "Cleopatra ballet Cleopatra is a dramatic ballet in one act , with choreography and libretto by Michel Fokine , and music by Anton Arensky , Alexander Taneyev , Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov , Mikhail Glinka , Alexander Glazunov , Modeste Mussorgsky , Nikolai Tcherepnin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "371207b2513cf5215f1d2cc7d3e7a7f5", "text": "Athenion (general) Athenion was in the late 30s BC a military commander of the Egyptian queen Cleopatra in Coele-Syria .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f37bcef89208028fd10a3b3372179e7", "text": "Philometor Philometor , meaning `` mother-loving '' , was a common royal epithet among Hellenistic monarchs : Antiochus VIII Philometor , Seleucid King Ariarathes VII Philometor , King of Cappadocia Attalus III Philometor Euergetes , King of Pergamon Cleopatra Philometor Soteira , Queen of Egypt Paerisades IV Philometor , King of the Bosporan Kingdom Ptolemy VI Philometor , King of Egypt Ptolemy XV Philopator Philometor Caesar , son of Cleopatra VII and Julius Caesar Seleucus V Philometor , Seleucid King Seleucus VII Philometor , Seleucid King", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afb16f7593acce52e67670f2f6f15448", "text": "Laodice VI Laodice VI ( flourished 2nd century BC , died 115 -- 113 BC ) was a Greek Seleucid Princess and through marriage was a Queen of the Kingdom of Pontus .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cfe71699d18776178f3fd95debf5796c", "text": "Lysander (A Midsummer Night's Dream) Lysander is a fictional character in William Shakespeare 's play A Midsummer Night 's Dream . A handsome young man of Athens , Lysander is in love with Egeus 's daughter Hermia . Unfortunately , Egeus does not approve of Lysander and would prefer his daughter to marry a man called Demetrius . Meanwhile , Hermia 's friend Helena has fallen in love with Demetrius . When Hermia is forced to choose between dying , never seeing a man again or marrying Demetrius , she and Lysander run away into the forest . They face different problems in the forest between love . After Lysander is put under Puck 's spell , being mistaken for Demetrius he falls in love with Helena . After lots of fighting the spell is reversed and Lysander marries Hermia and they live very happy lives together . He comes across as a very deep and passionate lover in the play . He is a strong character and does get confused , but this is purposely achieved as Puck applies a potion which makes his relationship with Hermia fade until he removes it and they marry and live happily ever after . He has often been compared to the character of Romeo in Romeo and Juliet . Shakespeare wrote the play around the same time he was writing A Midsummer Night 's Dream and some scholars have come to the conclusion that the two characters in the different plays are rather similar . Both are passionate lovers who would do anything for those they love .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27011320cc194fd68f9cae1597827f60", "text": "Epagathus Epagathus was an Ancient Roman politician of the early third century . He was a profligate freedman , who along with Theocritus , a personage of the same class and stamp with himself , exercised unbounded influence over Caracalla , and was retained in the service of his successor . After the disastrous battle of Antioch in 218 , he was despatched by Macrinus to place Diadumenianus under the protection of the Parthian king , Artabanus IV . At a subsequent period we find that the death of the celebrated Domitius Ulpianus was ascribed to his machinations , although the causes and circumstances of that event are involved in deep obscurity . Alexander Severus , apprehensive lest some tumult should arise at Rome , were he openly to take vengeance on Epagathus , nominated him prefect of Egypt . But soon afterwards Severus recalled Epagathus from there and caused him to be conducted to Crete , and there Epagathus was quietly put to death .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a2f3f5eac7beb47f3e795ec2d80ec98", "text": "Thrasyllus of Mendes Thrasyllus of Mendes ( -LSB- θrəˈsɪləs -RSB- Θράσυλλος Μενδήσιος ) , also known as Thrasyllus of Alexandria and by his Roman citizenship name Tiberius Claudius Thrasyllus ( Τιβέριος Κλαύδιος Θράσυλλος fl . second half of the 1st century BC and first half of the 1st century -- died 36 , ) , was an Egyptian Greek grammarian and literary commentator . Thrasyllus was an astrologer and a personal friend of the Roman emperor Tiberius , as mentioned in the Annals by Tacitus and The Twelve Caesars by Suetonius .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6dcc02ab43a877ee36f75e6d52356ffb", "text": "Cleopatra Selene II Cleopatra Selene II ( Greek : Κλεοπάτρα Σελήνη ; late 40 BC -- c. 6 BC ) , also known as Cleopatra VIII of Egypt or Cleopatra VIII , was a Ptolemaic Princess and was the only daughter to Greek Ptolemaic queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt and Roman triumvir Mark Antony . She was the fraternal twin of Ptolemaic prince Alexander Helios . Her second name in ancient and modern Greek means moon , also meaning the Titaness-Goddess of the Moon Selene , being the counterpart of her twin brother ` s second name Helios , meaning sun and the Titan-God of the Sun Helios . She was of Greek and Roman heritage . Cleopatra was born , raised and educated in Alexandria , Egypt . In 36 BC in the Donations of Antioch and in late 34 BC during the Donations of Alexandria , she was made ruler of Cyrenaica and Libya .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7d8f872f3a5d2e765255b50169dc02d", "text": "Marcus Gavius Apicius Marcus Gavius Apicius is believed to have been a Roman gourmet and lover of luxury , who lived sometime in the 1st century AD , during the reign of Tiberius . The Roman cookbook Apicius is often attributed to him , though it is impossible to prove the connection . He was the subject of On the Luxury of Apicius , a famous work , now lost , by the Greek grammarian Apion . M. Gavius Apicius apparently owed his cognomen ( his third name ) to an earlier Apicius , who lived around 90 BC , whose family name it may have been : if this is true , Apicius had come to mean `` gourmand '' as a result of the fame of this earlier lover of luxury . Evidence for the life of M. Gavius Apicius derives partly from contemporary or almost-contemporary sources but is partly filtered through the above-named work by Apion , whose purpose was presumably to explain the names and origins of luxury foods , especially those anecdotally linked to Apicius . From these sources the following anecdotes about M. Gavius Apicius ( hereafter called Apicius ) survive : to what extent they form a real biography is doubtful . Sejanus ( 20 BC -- 18 October 31 ) , afterwards well known as the minister and confidant of the emperor Tiberius , had in his youth `` sold his body to Apicius '' : Tacitus , Annals 4.1 . Apicius dined with Maecenas ( 70 -- 8 BC ) , Augustus 's adviser : Martial , Epigrams 10.73 . It is possible that Martial drew this idea from a facile comparison made by Seneca between Maecenas , cultural adviser , and Apicius , gastronomic adviser . Drusus ( 13 BC - 14 September AD 23 ) , son of Tiberius , was persuaded by Apicius not to eat cymae , cabbage tops or cabbage sprouts , because they were a common food : Pliny the Elder , Natural History 19.137 . The consuls of AD 28 , Junius Blaesus and Lucius Antistius Vetus , dined luxuriously at Apicius ' house : Aelian , Letters nos 113-114 Domingo-Forasté . Tiberius saw a big red mullet in the market and wagered that Apicius or Publius Octavius would buy it . Both men began bidding for it and Octavius won : Seneca , Letters to Lucilius 95.42 . Apicius lived at Minturnae ( Campania ) . Having heard of the boasted size and sweetness of the shrimps taken near the Libyan coast , Apicius commandeered a boat and crew , but when he arrived , disappointed by the shrimps he was offered by the local fishermen who came alongside in their boats , and comparing them to the excllent crawfish he was accustomed to at his villa , he turned round and returned to Minturnae `` without going ashore '' : Athenaeus , Deipnosophistae 1.7 a. Apicius was `` born to enjoy every extravagant luxury that could be contrived '' . He advised that red mullet were at their best if , before cooking , they had been drowned in a bath of fish sauce made from red mullet : Pliny , Natural History 9:30 . Apicius advised that flamingo 's tongue was of superb flavour : Pliny , Natural History ' 10:133 Based on existing methods of producing goose liver ( foie gras ) , Apicius devised a similar method of producing pork liver . He fed his pigs with dried figs and slaughtered them with an overdose of mulsum ( honeyed wine ) : Pliny , Natural History 8.209 . Having spent a fortune of 100 million sestertii on his kitchen , spent all the gifts he had received from the Imperial court , and thus swallowed up his income in lavish hospitality , Apicius found that he had only 10 million sestertii left . Afraid of dying in relative poverty , he poisoned himself : Seneca , Consolatio ad Helviam 10 . Several recipes were named after Apicius , and probably M. Gavius Apicius is the person intended : A method of cooking cabbage , marinading in oil and salt and using soda to retain greenness : Pliny , Natural History 19.143 . A kind of cake : Chrysippus of Tyana quoted by Athenaeus , Deipnosophistae 647c . Seven recipes in the Apicius cookbook . Throughout Roman literature Apicius is named in moralizing contexts as the typical gourmet or glutton . Seneca , for example , says that he `` proclaimed the science of the cookshop '' and corrupted the age with his example ( Seneca , Consolatio ad Helviam 10 ) . Around the 4th and 5th centuries , Apicius begins to be named as an author : this may be an indication that cookbooks titled Apicius were in circulation by that time . The first such reference may be that in the Scholia on Juvenal ( 4.22 ) , which assert that Apicius wrote about how to arrange dinners , and about sauces .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c73ddc7efa0ebd83287ec4ff79039eaf", "text": "Antony and Cleopatra (1913 film) Antony and Cleopatra ( Italian : Marcantonio e Cleopatra ) is a 1913 Italian silent historical film directed by Enrico Guazzoni and starring Gianna Terribili-Gonzales , Amleto Novelli and Ignazio Lupi . The film is an adaptation of William Shakespeare 's play of the same title , with inspiration also drawn from a poem by Pietro Cossa .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "491e5287e8efbb089557782d5c52e25f", "text": "The Tale of Two Lovers The Tale of Two Lovers ( Historia de duobus amantibus ) written in 1444 was one of the bestselling books of the fifteenth century , even before its author , Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini , became Pope Pius II . It is one of the earliest examples of an epistolary novel , full of erotic imagery . The first printed edition was published by Ulrich Zel in Cologne between 1467 and 1470 . The novel is set in Siena , and centres around the love story of Lucretia , a married woman , and Euryalus , one of the men waiting on the Duke of Austria . After an uncertain beginning , in which each is in love but unaware that it is reciprocated , they begin a correspondence , which takes up much of the rest of the novel . Before writing his first love-letter , Euryalus quotes Virgil in defence of his position , Amor vincit omnia et nos cedamus amori ( translated : `` Love conquers all ; let us all yield to love ! '' ) The lovers were identified by some with Kaspar Schlick , the chancellor of Sigismund , Holy Roman Emperor and a daughter of the elder Mariano Sozzini , Aeneas ' law teacher at the University of Siena . This equation of characters is no longer accepted . The Latin text was edited most recently in 2001 . Translations have been made into several languages , including English .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "969f6c2a3c65cf864c5bea008c40e8af", "text": "Mithridates II of Commagene Mithridates II Antiochus Epiphanes Philorhomaeus Philhellen Monocrites ( Μιθριδάτης Ἀντίοχος ὀ Ἐπιφανής Φιλορωμαίος Φιλέλλην Μονοκρίτης , died 20 BC ) , also known as Mithridates II of Commagene , was a man of Armenian and Greek descent who lived in the 1st century BC . He was a prince of Commagene and one of the sons of King Antiochus I Theos of Commagene and Queen Isias Philostorgos of Commagene . When his father died in 38 BC , he succeeded his father and reigned until his death . According to Plutarch , he was an ally of the Roman triumvir Mark Antony . He also married off his daughter to the Parthian king Orodes II . In 31 BC , Mithridates personally led his forces to Actium in Greece in support of Antony in the war against Caesar Octavian , the future Roman emperor Augustus . After the defeat of Antony , however , Mithridates became a loyal ally to Augustus . Nevertheless , Augustus forced Mithridates to hand over a village in Commagene called Zeugma , which was a major crossing point of the Euphrates River , to the Roman province of Syria . To show his support for Augustus , Mithridates dropped the title Philhellen ( `` friend of the Greeks '' ) from his Aulic titulature and adopted the title Philorhomaeus ( `` friend of the Romans '' ) instead . Both titles were derived from the Commagenean royal cult that Mithridates ' father had founded , and in which Mithridates played an important role . His other title Monocrites is an otherwise unattested title and was most likely a judicial function within the royal administration and a sign of his high social standing . Mithridates had a brother , Antiochus II of Commagene , who was also a prince of the kingdom . In 29 BC , Antiochus was summoned to Rome and executed by Roman emperor Augustus , because Antiochus had caused the assassination of an ambassador whom Mithridates had sent to Rome . According to an inscription on a funerary altar of a local wealthy leading family , found in the Turkish village of Sofraz and dating to around the mid-1st century , the wife of Mithridates was a Greek woman called Laodice . The altar inscribes the names of seven generations of family members , including the names of Mithridates , of his father and of his wife . When Mithridates died in 20 BC , his son by Laodice , Mithridates III of Commagene , succeeded him .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e457ca7adba88931215d9dda280a0e6", "text": "Epaphroditus (disambiguation) Epaphroditus or Epaphroditos ( επαφροδιτος , `` beloved-of-Aphrodite '' ) may refer to : Epaphroditus ( freedman of Augustus ) , could not prevent the suicide of Cleopatra VII of Egypt ( 30 BC ) Epaphroditus , ( 1st century ) , sent by the Philippians to minister to Paul of Tarsus Epaphroditos , ( 1st century ) , freedman and secretary of Nero Marcus Mettius Epaphroditus , ( 1st century ) , grammarian from Chaeronea Epaphroditus Champion ( 1756 -- 1834 ) , U.S. Congressman from Connecticut serving from 1807 to 1818 Epaphroditus Ransom ( 1798 -- 1859 ) , governor of Michigan from 1848 to 1850", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f4faea738b24b6a24f1405f919478ac8", "text": "Apollonie Sabatier Apollonie Sabatier ( born Aglaé Joséphine Savatier ; 1822 -- 1890 ) was a French courtesan , salon holder , artists ' muse and bohémienne in 1850s Paris . She hosted a salon in Paris on Rue Frochot , where she met nearly all of the French artists of her time , such as Gérard de Nerval , Nina de Villard , Arsène Houssaye , Edmond Richard , Gustave Flaubert , Louis Bouilhet , Maxime du Camp , Gustave Ricard , Judith Gautier , daughter of Théophile ; Ernest Feydeau , father of Georges Feydeau , Hector Berlioz , Paul de Saint-Victor , Alfred de Musset , Henry Monnier , Victor Hugo , Ernest Meissonnier , Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve , Charles Jalabert , Ernesta Grisi , Gustave Doré , the musician Ernest Reyer , James Pradier , Auguste Préault , Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly , Auguste Clésinger and Édouard Manet . Gustave Flaubert , Théophile Gautier and some others have written articles about her and she was one of four women ( Caroline , Jeanne Duval , herself and Marie Daubrun ) who inspired Charles Baudelaire 's famous work Les Fleurs du Mal . Edmond de Goncourt was the first to nickname her `` La Présidente '' . In Gustave Courbet 's painting L'Atelier du peintre she is said to be shown together with her longtime lover , the Belgian tycoon Alfred Mosselman ( 1810-1867 ) . After his death she was the longtime mistress to art collector and donor to the Wallace fountains , Sir Richard Wallace , 1st Baronet . She also entered works for the Paris Salon , and was among the artists rejected from the 1863 exhibition who chose to show their works in the Salon des Refusés ( Miniatures , Nos. 503-505 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1951ac85b98f8d7bf8a9b57001ca1ee2", "text": "Nicaea of Macedon Nicaea ( Nίκαια , c. 335 BC -- c. 302 BC ) was a Greek Macedonian noblewoman and was a daughter of the powerful regent Antipater . Her mother 's name is unknown . She was born and raised in Macedonia while her father was governor of Macedonia during the reign of Greek King Alexander the Great . Nicaea was sent by her father to Asia accompanied by her brother Iollas and a certain Archias in 323 BC to be married to the Macedonian military commander , Perdiccas , at a time when Perdiccas still hoped to maintain friendly relations with the regent . Perdiccas , despite already entertaining hostile designs , married Nicaea . Not so long afterwards , on the advice of Eumenes , Perdiccas decided to divorce Nicaea , so he could marry Cleopatra of Macedon , the full sister of Alexander the Great . Perdiccas took this step before setting out on his expedition to Egypt . His decision to divorce Nicaea led to an immediate rupture in the relations between Perdiccas and Antipater . Around 321 BC , as part of an alliance agreement , Antipater married Nicaea to Lysimachus who governed Thrace . In 306 BC Lysimachus became King of Thrace , Asia Minor and Macedon . Nicaea bore Lysimachus three children : one son Agathocles ; and two daughters : Eurydice and Arsinoe I. Nicaea died from unknown causes sometime between 302 BC and 300 BC . Shortly after her death , Lysimachus renamed a city in Bithynia , Asia Minor , calling the city Nicaea ( modern İznik , Turkey ) in honour of his late wife .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9bc99e62ffe5ed286a61ad4273772df8", "text": "Bianca (Othello) Bianca is a fictional character in William Shakespeare 's Othello ( c. 1601 -- 1604 ) . She is Cassio 's jealous lover . Despite her brief appearance on stage , Bianca plays a significant role in the progress of Iago 's scheme to incite Othello 's jealousy of Cassio . Bianca is traditionally regarded as a courtesan , although this occupation is not specifically designated in the drama . The character was occasionally cut from performances in the 19th century on moral grounds . Bianca is not to be confused with Bianca Minola in Shakespeare 's The Taming of the Shrew .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b8a7a69081fb47bbe5a3443da88c4e5f", "text": "Ryder Ryder System , Inc. , or Ryder , is an American-based provider of transportation and supply chain management products , and is especially known for its fleet of rental trucks . Ryder specializes in fleet management , supply chain management and dedicated contracted carriage . Ryder operates in North America , the United Kingdom and Asia . It has its headquarters in suburban Miami , Florida within Miami-Dade County .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "377e7d6b49d1bb23ca483cc47e1f8964", "text": "Division (business) A division of a business , sometimes called a business sector , is one of the parts into which a business , organization or company is divided . The divisions are distinct parts of that business . If these divisions are all part of the same company , then that company is legally responsible for all of the obligations and debts of the divisions . However , in a large organization , various parts of the business may be run by different subsidiaries , and a business division may include one or many subsidiaries . Each subsidiary is a separate legal entity owned by the primary business or by another subsidiary in the hierarchy . Often a division operates under a separate name and is the equivalent of a corporation or limited liability company obtaining a fictitious name or `` doing business as '' certificate and operating a business under that fictitious name . Companies often set up business units to operate in divisions prior to the legal formation of subsidiaries . Generally , only an `` entity '' , e.g. a corporation , public limited company ( plc ) or limited liability company , etc. would have a `` division '' ; an individual operating in this manner would simply be `` operating under a fictitious name '' . An example of this would be to look at Hewlett Packard ( HP ) , the computer and printer company . HP has several divisions , with the printer division , that makes laser and inkjet printers , being the largest and most profitable division . The divisions of HP , like the Printing & Multifunction division , the Handheld Devices ( includes the old calculator ) division , the Servers division ( mini and mainframe computers ) , etc. , all use the HP brand name . But , Compaq ( a part of HP since 2002 ) , operates as a subsidiary , using the Compaq brand name . Mack Trucks continues to run itself separately , but is a wholly owned subsidiary of AB Volvo . Volvo Trucks also sells trucks under the Volvo name . Within Mack , there is a division named Mack de Venezuela C.A. that does final assembly and sells trucks in South America . Another less obvious example is that Google Video is a division of Google , and is part of the same corporate entity . But the YouTube video service is a subsidiary of Google because it remains operated as YouTube , LLC , a separate business entity even though it is owned by Google .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "790b60e53150da89b4887581b5f602f9", "text": "XRS Corporation XRS Corporation ( NASDAQ : XRSC ) ( Formally `` XATA Corporation '' ) provides on-demand software and services to the trucking industry . Based in Eden Prairie , Minn. , XRS 's software solutions and services deliver data on vehicle and driver performance . Fleet managers , dispatchers and drivers collect , sort , view and analyze the data to improve savings , safety and regulatory compliance . XRS solutions include XataNet , a full fleet solution for private and for-hire fleets , and Turnpike , a solution that runs on drivers ' existing cell phones , smartphones and tablet computers . On April 7 2009 , XRS Corporation was sued among some other defendants over patent infringement . XRS introduced an all-mobile platform of the same name for trucking compliance , performance and fleet optimization . The announcements came on August 13 , 2012 during the Xata User Event ( XUE ) in Minneapolis , the same day that they announced the change from their former name `` XATA Corporation '' In 2010 , XRS earned the rank of 363 on the Technology Fast 500 ( TM ) list , which is Deloitte LLP 's ranking of 500 of the fastest growing technology , media , telecommunications , life sciences and clean technology companies in North America . The Minnesota High Tech Association ( MHTA ) , in partnership with Enterprise Minnesota and LifeScience Alley , named Xata Corporation as the recipient of the 2009 Tekne Award in the Technology Services award category .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85c1ea75f0369afe37c8943a7bf6a41e", "text": "1989 Ryder Cup The 28th Ryder Cup Matches were held 22 -- 24 September 1989 at The Belfry in Wishaw , Warwickshire , England , near Sutton Coldfield . For only the second time , the competition ended in a draw at 14 points each , but the European team retained the Cup since they had won it outright in 1987 . Europe held a two-point lead , 9 to 7 , entering the singles matches on Sunday , and the match which retained the Cup for Europe was the eighth , between José Maria Cañizares and Ken Green . Cañizares made a two-foot ( 0.6 m ) putt on the 18th green to win 1 up and give Europe a 14 -- 10 lead , with four matches remaining on the course . The final four matches all resulted in U.S. wins and an overall draw . This was the first Ryder Cup played in Europe to be televised live in the United States . It was carried by the USA Network on cable , with video provided by the BBC . The U.S. television coverage in 1985 was a highlight show on ESPN in early November , over a month after its completion . NBC Sports took over live weekend coverage in 1991 in South Carolina , and 1993 marked the first time a major U.S. network televised it live from Europe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8283b88e48ac913d1e7a7b227ff32a2a", "text": "Distribution center A distribution center for a set of products is a warehouse or other specialized building , often with refrigeration or air conditioning , which is stocked with products ( goods ) to be redistributed to retailers , to wholesalers , or directly to consumers . A distribution center is a principal part , the order processing element , of the entire order fulfillment process . Distribution centers are usually thought of as being demand driven . A distribution center can also be called a warehouse , a DC , a fulfillment center , a cross-dock facility , a bulk break center , and a package handling center . The name by which the distribution center is known is commonly based on the purpose of the operation . For example , a `` retail distribution center '' normally distributes goods to retail stores , an `` order fulfillment center '' commonly distributes goods directly to consumers , and a cross-dock facility stores little or no product but distributes goods to other destinations . Distribution centers are the foundation of a supply network , as they allow a single location to stock a vast number of products . Some organizations operate both retail distribution and direct-to-consumer out of a single facility , sharing space , equipment , labor resources , and inventory as applicable . A typical retail distribution network operates with centers set up throughout a commercial market , with each center serving a number of stores . Large distribution centers for companies such as Wal-Mart serve 50 -- 125 stores . Suppliers ship truckloads of products to the distribution center , which stores the product until needed by the retail location and ships the proper quantity . Since a large retailer might sell tens of thousands of products from thousands of vendors , it would be impossibly inefficient to ship each product directly from each vendor to each store . Many retailers own and run their own distribution networks , while smaller retailers may outsource this function to dedicated logistics firms that coordinate the distribution of products for a number of companies . A distribution center can be co-located at a logistics center .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e635667b55eb3911a2dbd764e43c776", "text": "CBOSS Corporation CBOSS Corporation ( Convergent Business Operation Support System ) is a telecom company primarily based in Russia and with offices located in Finland , UAE and Vietnam . CBOSS Corporation , also known as CBOSS Group , develops IT solutions for the automation of telecommunications enterprises . One of the three biggest Russian mobile operators , MTS used the CBOSS billing solution from 1998 until 2004 , when it switched to FORIS OSS-IN from STROM Telecom company Mikhail Severov , Пробил час большого Билла . Петербургские операторы меняют счетные системы / / SpbIT.su , 2005-04-05 : '' `` Мобильные ТелеСистемы '' . До последнего времени ее корпоративным стандартом было использование биллинговой системы разработки московской CBOSS , которую она эксплуатирует с 1998 года . Однако в прошлом году эта ситуация изменилась , в частности , в Москве была запущена система Foris от чешской компании STROM Telecom '' In 2004 , CBOSS was rated as the 11th biggest IT company in Russia by CNews.ru . In 2006 , CBOSS Corporation was recognized as the # 1 IT-provider of integrated solutions for telecommunications in EMEA by Informa Telecoms Group In February 2004 , CBOSS acquired the online billing solutions subsidiary of Fujitsu Services Oy and its product - rtBilling ( CBOSSrtb ) prepaid billing system . This system was used by several mobile operators : Britain O2 , Australian Optus , Canadian Rogers , Austrian One GmbH and Columbian Colombia Movil . In 2008 CBOSS was selected by German MVNECO GmbH to provide IT infrastructure and IT solutions to implement mobile virtual network activities .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc504ed1a7c6f6df83828a9f6e5a5ce8", "text": "Modular Mining Systems Modular Mining Systems , Inc. ( Modular ) , headquartered in Tucson , Arizona , U.S.A. , is a privately held company that develops , manufactures , markets , and services mining equipment management systems . Modular is the pioneer and industry leader in fleet management technology in mining . The Modular DISPATCH fleet management system is available in eight languages , and is currently running at more than 200 active mine sites ; among these are nine of the ten highest-producing surface mines in the world . Modular was founded in Tucson , Arizona in 1979 . Over the next two years , Modular developed and successfully implemented the DISPATCH system , a computerized fleet management system designed to optimize haul truck assignments to loading and dumping points in an open-pit mine and to produce operating reports during the shift . Following the DISPATCH system 's development , Modular has gone on to create a number of other software and hardware products that seek to improve different areas of mine operations . In 1996 , Komatsu America Corporation ( KAC ) of Rolling Meadows , Illinois , in concert with their parent company , heavy equipment manufacturer Komatsu , Limited , of Tokyo , Japan ( Komatsu ) , acquired a controlling interest in Modular . In 2003 , KAC acquired the remaining shares of the company , and today Modular remains a wholly owned Komatsu subsidiary .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b0357cc2a822dd5df169665adccbd70", "text": "R. J. Reynolds Vapor Company R. J. Reynolds Vapor Company is an electronic cigarette company based in Winston-Salem , North Carolina . The company is a subsidiary of Reynolds American Inc. , which is the parent company of R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company , American Snuff Company , Santa Fe Natural Tobacco Company and Niconovum AB . The company began offering the VUSE Digital Vapor Cigarette in limited distribution in 2012 , expanding availability to the state of Colorado in 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3132970c64e165377380474d7a0808fc", "text": "Oceaneering International Oceaneering International , Inc. is a subsea engineering and applied technology company based in Houston , Texas , U.S. that provides engineered services and hardware to customers who operate in marine , space , and other environments . Oceaneering 's business offerings include remotely operated vehicle ( ROV ) services , specialty oilfield subsea hardware , deepwater intervention and manned diving services , non-destructive testing and inspections , engineering and project management , and surveying and mapping services . Its services and products are marketed worldwide to oil and gas companies , government agencies , and firms in the aerospace , marine engineering and construction industries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddb5e4546137e2c9823cdd972d3e4108", "text": "Automatic call distributor An automated call distribution system , commonly known as , automatic call distributor ( ACD ) , is a telephony device that answers and distributes incoming calls to a specific group of terminals or agents within an organization . ACDs often use a voice menu to direct callers based on the customer 's selection , telephone number , selected incoming line to the system or time of day the call was processed . Computer telephony integration ( CTI ) and computer-supported telecommunications applications ( CSTA ) are intermediate software that can produce advanced ACD systems . Experts claim that `` the invention of ACD technology made the concept of a call centre possible . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c01b13a54e784b37e5e4499da5d61824", "text": "Evolution of Management Systems ' A management system is the framework of processes and procedures used to ensure that an organization can fulfill all tasks required to achieve its objectives . After World War II , the reigning paradigm of product-oriented mass production had reached its peak . Examples of management systems at that time are linear assembly lines , organizational hierarchies of command , product quality control and mass consumption . Soon afterwards , the Deming-Juran process-quality teachings spearheaded a new quality orientation ( later referred to as Total quality management ) and propelled Japan directly to the post-war process focus ( process quality control , just-in-time , continuous improvement ) . The US responded by a painful and prolonged product-to-process transformation , ultimately leveling the playing field again by the mid 1980s . At the end of the 1980s , business process reengineering focused on the radical redesign of the production process through the reintegration of task , labor and knowledge . As a result , lean , flexible and streamlined production processes were created , capable of fast response and internet-based integration necessary for the upcoming phase of supply chains - business-to-business ( B2B ) -- as well as demand chains -- business-to-customer ( B2C ) . In the above three stages of Evolution of Management Systems '' ' , the competitive advantage was derived almost exclusively from the internal resources of the firm . At the end of the 1980s , a radical fourth shift has occurred : the competitive advantage became increasingly derived from the external resources of the firm -- through the extended networks of suppliers and customers . Figure 1 refers to the basic scheme of production and service delivery process . It represents the traditional linear input-process-output management system . This system has been fixed and unchanging for centuries . The only change has been in terms of changing focus on individual components of the system , emphasizing different parts of this basic scheme . Although the scheme itself ( inputs → process → outputs ) remains mostly unchallenged , there are some indications that this business model will undergo major restructurings in the future ( in the emerging stages of Evolution of Management Systems ) . It will become disaggregated and distributed , subjected to non-linear modularity and bringing forth new ways of making things and delivering services . Then it will become reintegrated again , tying together globally distributed components into a unified recycling whole .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9241c18fab4a9fa4ebd59807fff4d0c", "text": "Natel Engineering Natel Engineering ( also known by the moniker NATEL EMS ) is a company that makes electronic components . Founded in 1975 , the company originally made synchro converter components for airports and for antiaircraft missiles , and now produces components for the medical industry , and electronics for satellites , computer workstations and telecommunications equipment . The company is based in Chatsworth , CA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7e73134c998ecc8621bb59dc6c49cb5", "text": "Sales engineering Sales engineering is a hybrid of sales and engineering that exists in industrial and commercial markets . Buying decisions in these markets are made differently than those in many consumer contexts , being based more on technical information and rational analysis and less on style , fashion , or impulse . Therefore , selling in these markets can not depend on consumer-type sales methods alone , and instead it relies heavily on technical information and problem-solving to convince buyers that they should spend money on the seller 's products or services , in order to meet a business need ( that is , to satisfy a business case ) . A sales engineer is thus both `` a salesperson that understands and can apply engineering '' and `` an engineer that understands how to sell engineered systems '' . They thus not only sell but also provide advice and support . They provide this service to various internal or external customers , and they may work for a manufacturer ( servicing its industrial-account/business-to-business customers ) , for a distributor ( which in turn services the industrial-account/business-to-business customers ) , or for a third party such as an engineering consultancy or a systems integrator . Sales Engineers are a critical sales team member in many companies and industries around the world . They are more than just technical experts in their respective industries . Highly successful sales engineers must build and maintain parallel expertise in `` soft skill '' disciplines such as business acumen , presentation skills , building customer relationships , developing an engagement strategy , and having a thorough understanding of the targeted industry . Many companies have difficulty finding people who possess these qualities , plus have extensive technical knowledge . The essence of the sales engineering role can be called by various names . Which name is most apt can even depend on which industry it is used in . Some common job titles that involve the essence of sales engineering include Sales Engineer , Solutions Engineer , Systems Engineer , Customer Engineer , ( pre-sales ) consultant , Technical Account Manager ; Applications Engineer or Field Applications Engineer , and others . The term systems engineering has various shades of meaning , however , as it is often more or less synonymous with industrial engineering ; but in any market economy , industrial engineers will often end up providing some sales engineering as a necessary portion of their work . Service technicians in industrial fields may also find that their work challenges them to provide some sales engineering , to whatever extent they are capable of providing it , because they interface with customers having problems with equipment ( or lacking the right equipment ) and seeking solutions ( anywhere from diagnosis and repair , to identifying entirely different systems that could be used instead ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "734d291283600067dbf6dcf8568e7d6c", "text": "TRAVERSE (software) TRAVERSE Accounting and Business Software ( Enterprise Resource Planning - ERP ) is a business accounting software suite for small - to medium-sized businesses using the Microsoft Windows operating system . First produced in 1994 by Open Systems , Inc. , TRAVERSE is a group of interrelated applications which operate in tandem . TRAVERSE runs using the Microsoft SQL Server database . In versions released from 1994 to 2009 , TRAVERSE was coded with Visual Basic for Applications , and operated as a Microsoft Access application . The current version is coded using the C# programming language within the Microsoft . NET framework , and no longer requires Microsoft Access .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42c0817db4a414386525ac0eb009f565", "text": "Systematic Automation Systematic Automation , Inc. is the world 's largest manufacturer of precision screen printing machines , vacuum tables , rotary indexer base machines , and UV curing devices . The company , located in Farmington , CT , specializes in standard and custom solutions for a variety of screen printing applications . Though originally a manufacturer of screen printing machines , the company has expanded its operations to include vacuum tables and UV curing devices .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93c8d8f5e13b68e05f044dafc69a9d17", "text": "Aspiro Aspiro AB is a Norwegian technology company founded in 1998 . The company mainly provides subscription-based lossless music streaming services under two brands , Tidal and WiMP . The company is headquartered in Norway , with additional offices in Poland , Sweden , Denmark , and Germany . As of the end of December 2014 , Aspiro 's music streaming services had 500,000 paying customers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4ae808983e874de171de7bb7906f1578", "text": "1985 Ryder Cup The 26th Ryder Cup Matches were held 13 -- 15 September 1985 at the Brabazon Course of The Belfry in Wishaw , Warwickshire , England . Team Europe won the competition for the first time by a score of 16 1/2 to 11 1/2 points . This marked the first U.S. loss since 1957 , previously the sole U.S. loss in fifty years . Europe took a two-point lead into the Sunday singles and increased their lead throughout Sunday . It fell to Sam Torrance to secure the winning margin when he holed a 22 ft putt on the 18th hole to defeat Andy North 1 up and go up 14 1/2 to 8 1/2 , a six-point margin with five matches on the course . This was the last Ryder Cup played in Europe that was not shown on live television in the United States . The USA Network first televised it in 1989 on cable with video provided by the BBC . NBC Sports took over live weekend coverage in 1991 in South Carolina , and 1993 marked the first time a major U.S. network televised it live from Europe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6f2497ac4f97da17566153798f1bb101", "text": "Redline Communications Redline is a multinational wireless communications network designer and manufacturer headquartered in Markham , Ontario , Canada . It also maintains offices and operations in Florida , California , Romania and Oman . Redline Communications develops and sells wide-area industrial networks that operate over wide geographic areas . Redline sells wireless terminals that provide TCP/IP transport for fixed , portable and full-motion terrestrial and seaborne deployments as well as software , tools and services . Redline Communications ' products and technologies are used in a variety of markets and industries , including Oil and Gas , Military , Government and Telecom Service providers . The company 's networks are sold directly to end customers , and its wireless terminals are sold indirectly though resellers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "860d006e75690e9390783faaf1f5950a", "text": "Biox Biox is an American medical technology company known for the development of the first widely used pulse oximeter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3161958b816dd934d1440eed6e19e6b", "text": "Xtralis Xtralis is a privately held firm that manufactures smoke detection , gas detection and video surveillance security products for the early detection , visual verification , and prevention of fire and intrusion threats .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68ff18227334b14972abc9410528f804", "text": "Motomaster MotoMaster is the in-house line of automotive products sold exclusively at Canadian Tire stores . MotoMaster products ranged from oil filters and air filters , to MotoMaster branded tires . MotoMaster has its own sub-brands to distinguish premium products such as `` Eliminator '' which distinguished premium products from their less expensive lines for items like automotive batteries , booster packs and battery charges . The ` Rough Rider ' light truck tire sub-brand was replaced with ` Total Terrain ' in recent years . ` Formula 1 ' was created initially to push their synthetic lines but expanded with the disappearance of other lines into conventional , diesel , marine , transmission and power steering oils as well as a number of other gear oils . Despite the expansion , MotoMaster 's Supreme sub-brand continues to exist as an entry level oil product . The ` Mastercraft ' sub-brand is their mid-level tool-line , such as screw drivers and socket sets while ` Mastercraft Maximum ' is their premium tool brand . JobMate is a rebranded product line for entry-level tools sold by Canadian Tire The MotoMaster line has shrunk somewhat in recent years as the store has moved towards brand name products . For example , in early 2003 , the line of MotoMaster spark plugs was fully discontinued in favour of carrying only brand names such as Champion , NGK , AC Delco , and Bosch . In 2004 , the Formula 1 line of oil filters was discontinued , and in 2002 , the ` Motomaster 60 ' line of batteries was replaced with the more generic ` Sure Start ' . One reason for the gradual reduction of the MotoMaster line is the existence of the PartSource chain , of which 63 locations are fully owned and operated by the Canadian Tire Corporation as of May 2007 . Though these stores carry many of the same products and share much of their supply chain , Part Source operates at arms length from Canadian Tire but shares some backoffice operations . Although the MotoMaster name remains on a wide variety of tires , the selection has shrunk recently . In 2004 , MotoMaster discontinued the Sentinel A/S and Touring 160 tires leaving the brand with the Touring AW/H and SE2 lines . MotoMaster dropped their Performance line of tires and Canadian Tire no longer has a specific Premium Tire category having folded it into the Touring categories . Some regard MotoMaster as the entry level quality and price point line of tires despite the tires being produced for Canadian Tire by larger companies such as Goodyear ( Nordic ) ; Michelin ( SE2 ) , Cooper ( SE3 ) and BF Goodrich . Category : Auto parts suppliers Category : Canadian Tire", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "177bb18c7f02cf1fd38b1ca75a1e6783", "text": "The Weeknd The Weeknd ( born Abel Makkonen Tesfaye ; February 16 , 1990 ) is a Canadian singer , songwriter , and record producer . The Weeknd initially gained recognition after anonymously uploading several songs to YouTube in late 2010 . This allowed him to release of his debut mixtape , House of Balloons , in early 2011 . He released two further independent projects later that year , Thursday and Echoes of Silence , before signing to Republic Records in September 2012 . The three mixtapes received widespread critical acclaim upon release , and proceeded the release of the compilation album Trilogy . In 2013 , he released his debut studio album Kiss Land , which debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 . It was later confirmed to have sold over 273,000 copies in the United States . The Weeknd released his second album , Beauty Behind the Madness , in 2015 , breaking chart records in the process . It saw him become the first ever artist to have simultaneously held the top three spots on the Billboard Hot R&B Songs chart , with `` Earned It '' , `` The Hills '' , and `` Ca n't Feel My Face '' . It also became his first number one album on the US Billboard 200 , and saw triple platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . The album additionally oversaw his first Grammy Award win for Best Urban Contemporary Album , as well as `` Earned It '' winning Best R&B Performance . He won both awards at the 58th Annual Grammy Awards ceremony in 2016 . He released his third studio album , Starboy , in 2016 to generally positive critical reception . The album 's title track topped the chart in several countries , including the U.S. , the UK and Canada , and became The Weeknd 's third number-one single . It gave him his second consecutive number one album , which also later saw platinum certification . Alongside his Grammy Award wins , The Weeknd has won nine Juno Awards and two American Music Awards . He has also founded the record label XO , and is a producer under both his given and stage names .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "41d20f1c31315eeef0646416e01e35d4", "text": "Kiss Land Kiss Land is the debut studio album by Canadian singer The Weeknd . It was released on September 10 , 2013 , by XO and Republic Records . The album was supported by six singles : `` Kiss Land '' , `` Belong to the World '' , `` Love in the Sky '' , `` Live For '' , `` Pretty '' and `` Wanderlust '' . The album 's sole guest appearance comes from frequent collaborator Drake . The album 's production was primarily handled by DannyBoyStyles , The Weeknd himself and Jason `` DaHeala '' Quenneville . Kiss Land received generally positive reviews from critics . The album debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 , selling 95,000 copies in its first week . As of August 2015 , the album had sold 273,000 copies in the United States .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "1a72c0ff2129df5e1a6bf7d0d6a28049", "text": "Take the Leap! Leap ! and Take the Leap ! are the names for Toyah Willcox 's project subsequent to Ophelia 's Shadow . It consists of six new tracks , either previously unrecorded or written for the new album , and eight older tracks re-recorded with her new band . It was originally released as Leap ! , a cassette-only tour album , and was sold at concerts during her 1993 tour . A CD version called Take the Leap ! was released in Japan the following year . A UK release finally happened in 2006 , and consequently original copies of the album have become much sought after . The album 's first ever digital release came in December 2014 when it was made available to download at iTunes and Amazon and to stream via Spotify . Again , it shows a change in style from previous recordings , and has a much more raw feel than the polished albums which preceded it . Many of the 6 ` original/new ' compositions had been written and demoed much earlier , including `` Invisible Love '' in 1989 with Simon Darlow . A glutch of demos recorded with Phil Nicholas in 1992 , were also re-worked from their dancey ambient style into albums tracks with a rockier feel , namely `` God Ceases to Dream '' and `` Now I 'm Running '' . Another demo from these sessions with Nicholas , `` Tears For Elie '' found a home as a bonus track on the 2006 reissue CD , along with `` Requite Me '' , a stray 1992 demo produced by Toyah and Simon Darlow . `` God Ceases to Dream '' is a track which was written and recorded as an ambient electronic demo with Phil Nicholas . It contains lyrics and melodies Toyah had originally written and performed with collaborative band side-projects , as the songs `` Born Again '' with Sunday All Over the World , and `` Broken Special ( The Island ) '' with Kiss of Reality . The latter was recorded and appeared on the Kiss of Reality sophoremore studio album , whilst `` Born Again '' was never recorded in studio . The chanting at the beginning of this album 's version of `` Ieya '' are lyrics ( which crib The Lord 's Prayer ) which also appeared on the Kiss of Reality album opening track `` Harlequin ( Holy Day ) '' . `` Lust for Love '' had previously been written and performed live as a Strange Girls song , and later recorded as a demo by Cris Bonacci and Toyah . The version found on this album is subtly altered . `` It 's a Mystery '' was due to appear on the album in a version recorded with Phil Nicholas and Friday Forever which was an African dance , tribal metal rock version . Complications at the time of original release meant this could not occur and a straightforward rock version featured . The 2006 reissue of Take the Leap ! on Edsel includes this previously unreleased version .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1fa706667c83d7622ae9ce5fb1123a50", "text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1981 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the 200 highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated the sales for the album charts from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , which was gathered by telephone , fax or messenger service . The data was based on reports from record stores , who ranked the popularity of the best-selling records but did not provide an actual sales figures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31eeacd1bd9fc7c5f991d1e2fd085f7b", "text": "¡Dos! ¡ Dos ! is the tenth studio album by American punk rock band Green Day . The album was released on November 9 , 2012 in Australia , November 12 in the United Kingdom and on November 13 in the United States through Reprise Records . It is the second installment in the ¡ Uno ! ¡ Dos ! ¡ Tré ! trilogy . Following its predecessor 's power pop style , ¡ Dos ! was billed as Green Day 's take on garage rock . The album garnered the highest average reviews of all three trilogy albums , receiving generally positive reviews from music critics , who praised its dynamic style and catchy songs ; others found its music dull and observed filler on the album . It debuted at number nine on the US Billboard 200 , with first-week sales of 69,000 copies in the United States , a low for the band , becoming their first album since signing to a major record label to not sell 100,000 records in its first week .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ff07ba19037faad012a861034a63f22", "text": "Like a Stranger (album) Like a Stranger is the second studio album by freestyle music singer Johnny O , released in 1990 by Micmac Records label . Three singles were released from the album , the first of which , `` Dreamboy / Dreamgirl '' , a duet with singer Cynthia , peaked at number 53 on the Billboard Hot 100 . The singles , `` We Can Not Go On This Way '' and `` I Just Wan na Get to Know You ( If It 's Alright With You ) '' , were not as successful . The song `` Bad Mamma Jamma '' is a cover of the song originally released by Carl Carlton and `` Kiss & Say Goodbye '' is a cover of the song originally released by The Manhattans .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c31f3904c4e03b686af60b741b7ca846", "text": "La La Land (Wax Fang album) La La Land is the second LP by the Louisville-based band Wax Fang . It was originally released on November 17 , 2007 by Do n't Panic Records . It was re-issued by Absolutely Kosher on May 11 , 2010 for vinyl . The songs Majestic and At Sea , both from this album , were featured on the 151st episode of American Dad ! entitled ' `` Lost In Space ' '' in 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9651e93af09cbe065b6788d9a06e4ab", "text": "Hilary Weeks Hilary Weeks ( née , Novakovich ; born March 7 , 1970 ) is an American Christian musician and Mormon singer , who primarily plays a worship and gospel music version of Christian country and Christian pop . She has released ten musical works , with eight of those being studio albums , He Hears Me ( 1996 ) , Lead Me Home ( 1998 ) and I Will Not Forget ( 2000 ) , Day of Praise ( 2004 ) , If I Only Had Today ( 2008 ) , Every Step ( 2011 ) , Say Love ( 2013 ) , Say Love ( 2013 ) , and , Love Your Life ( 2016 ) , while she released two holiday albums , Christmastime ( 2006 ) and Christmas Once Again ( 2009 ) . Her last four musical works charted on various Billboard magazine charts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4", "text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bacc885db95ba0e8f4308fd3776bd5f5", "text": "Midnight Memories Midnight Memories is the third studio album by British-Irish boy band One Direction , released on 25 November 2013 by Columbia Records , Syco Music and Sony Music . The album was described as having a `` slightly rockier tone '' than their previous efforts . It has become the fastest-selling album in Amazon UK 's history , breaking the record set by One Direction 's previous release , Take Me Home ( 2012 ) . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 , making One Direction the first group in history to debut at number one in the US with their first three albums . The album was preceded by the release of the singles `` Best Song Ever '' and `` Story of My Life '' . Upon the album 's release , Midnight Memories received mixed reviews from music critics . Many critics praised the lyrical depth and musical composition on the album , as well as the group 's level of involvement in the production process . However , others argued that the material was less memorable than their previous work and felt the themes were not as mature as expected . Despite being released five weeks before the year 's end , Midnight Memories nevertheless became the best-selling album of 2013 as listed by the IFPI , with sales of four million copies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab1829ebb7065566cfad3dbcdda7819e", "text": "Kiss Me thru the Phone `` Kiss Me thru the Phone '' is a song from hip hop artist Soulja Boy Tellem released as the second single from his 2008 album iSouljaBoyTellem . It was the best-selling single from the album , reaching # 3 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 , # 1 on the U.S. Rap Charts , the top ten in the United Kingdom , in Canada , on the U.S. Billboard Pop 100 , and in New Zealand . R&B singer Chris Brown was Soulja Boy 's first choice to sing the hook , but turned down the offer . Soulja Boy Tell 'em then tried to sing it on his own with Auto-Tune but found it `` garbage '' . `` Kiss Me thru The Phone '' was 2009 's eighth best selling single with over 5.7 million copies sold worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4fac97d05e510de8821434f9ca6eb3c4", "text": "Never Enough (Kiss song) `` Never Enough '' is a song by the American hard rock band Kiss . It was released on their 19th album Sonic Boom in 2009 . It was released as a single on June 11 , 2010 . The song is the last single released from the album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f6189fcc522d140b52c51f6b33024ff7", "text": "Sixpence None the Richer discography This is the discography of American pop rock band Sixpence None the Richer . To date , the group has released six studio albums , nine compilation albums , five extended plays , and fourteen singles . They gained mainstream popularity in 1997 with their self-titled album , producing the hit single `` Kiss Me '' , which was an international hit . The song topped the Australian charts , and reached the top five in New Zealand , the United Kingdom , and the band 's native United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66beaa429c8888f36e7a01fd082d9896", "text": "My Worlds Acoustic My Worlds Acoustic is the first remix album by Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber . It was released on November 26 , 2010 and was initially sold exclusively at Walmart retail stores and Sam 's Club . The album features nine acoustic versions of songs from his debut extended play , My World , and first album My World 2.0 , as well as a new song `` Pray . '' The new versions of the songs were produced by Bieber 's music director , Dan Kanter , his vocal producer Kuk Harrell , and also producer Rob Wells . Internationally , the set is included as a part of the compilation album , My Worlds : The Collection , which included songs from the previous two releases . My Worlds Acoustic was released to iTunes , on February 8 , 2011 . According to Bieber , he wanted to release the album for the naysayers who critiqued his actual singing ability . The singer said that he wanted to have an acoustic album , to reflect the effect of production on his vocals . Although labeled as an acoustic album , the songs still include subtle usages of electronic sounds such as synthesizers . The album received generally favorable reviews from critics , however most critics were not satisfied that the album was not genuinely acoustic . In Canada , the song debuted at number five , and later peaked at number four on the Canadian Albums Chart and certified Platinum by the Canadian Recording Industry Association . My Worlds Acoustic debuted at number seven on the US Billboard 200 , selling 115,000 copies in its first week , becoming Bieber 's third consecutive top ten album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ee8a908c8ffd97f646e54da93b8d2d6", "text": "Soldier of Love (album) Soldier of Love is the sixth studio album by English band Sade , released on 5 February 2010 by Epic Records . Following the release of Lovers Rock ( 2000 ) , the band went into a 10-year hiatus . In 2008 , the band re-grouped in order to begin work on their sixth album , making it the first time each member had been together . The recording of the album primarily took place at the Real World Studios in Box , England , with additional sessions at El Cortijo in San Pedro de Alcántara , Spain . The album 's recording began in 2009 and was completed in the summer of that year . The first single `` Soldier of Love '' premiered on US radio on 8 December 2009 , and was released digitally on 11 January 2010 . Subsequent singles `` Babyfather '' and `` The Moon and the Sky '' were serviced to US urban AC radio on 13 April and 24 August 2010 , respectively . The album debuted at number four on the UK Albums Chart . It also debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 502,000 copies in the United States , marking Sade 's first number-one debut on the chart while also spending three weeks at the top of the chart . Upon its release , Soldier of Love received generally positive reviews from most music critics and won a Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals . The band promoted the album with their first concert tour in ten years , Sade Live .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd64980b99c386719d997dbc4b427c6a", "text": "Reprieve (album) Reprieve is the sixteenth studio album by singer-songwriter Ani DiFranco , released on August 8 , 2006 . Righteous Babe Records ' website notes that only DiFranco 's bassist Todd Sickafoose , who had accompanied her on her recent tours , would be performing on the album . The album has a dark , mournful , mellow sound reminiscent of 1999 's To the Teeth and 2004 's Educated Guess and features experimental arrangements with synthesizers , electronics and tape manipulation . As the recording of the album was briefly interrupted due to the devastation of Hurricane Katrina , the album has a heavily political and vaguely conceptual undercurrent that `` paints a haunting portrait of New Orleans as the water retreats and the natives continue to rebuild their lives . '' The album cover was inspired by a picture of a real tree in Nagasaki which was partially destroyed by the atomic bomb . While the city around it lay in ruin , this one tree stood , half of it destroyed , the other untouched . DiFranco also references the eucalyptus tree in the title track about the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki . While the official release date of Reprieve was August 8 , the album was made available for purchase on the iTunes Music Store between June 24 and June 27 , 2006 , possibly in error , as the album date on the site was listed as 2002 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93b1d2b545c54e76f5afe2664c11148c", "text": "I Didn't Fall in Love with Your Hair `` I Did n't Fall in Love with Your Hair '' is a song recorded by Canadian country music artist Brett Kissel for his sixth studio album , Pick Me Up ( 2015 ) . It was written by Rachel Bradshaw , Kyle Jacobs , and Billy Montana and features guest vocals by Canadian country singer Carolyn Dawn Johnson . The song was released to radio on September 9 , 2016 as the album 's fourth single . Kissel debuted the song at the 2016 Canadian Country Music Association Awards ceremony on September 11 , 2016 . The single was released in collaboration with philanthropist W. Brett Wilson for Cancer Awareness Month , with proceeds from sales of the song between September 9 and October 28 , 2016 being donated to the Canadian Cancer Society and being matching by Wilson . `` I Did n't Fall in Love with Your Hair '' debuted at number 42 on the Canada Country airplay chart dated October 1 , 2016 . It peaked at number 16 in November 2016 , making it Kissel 's lowest-charting country single to date and first to miss the top ten .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77c57bcf9ade43671f1c48152a8ae553", "text": "Outlandos d'Amour Outlandos d'Amour is the debut studio album by English rock band The Police , released in November 1978 by A&M Records . Elevated by the success of its lead single , `` Roxanne '' , Outlandos d'Amour peaked at No. 6 on the UK Albums Chart and at No. 23 in the US . It has since been certified platinum by the RIAA for sales of over one million units in the US . The album spawned two additional hit singles : `` Ca n't Stand Losing You '' and `` So Lonely '' . Although Outlandos d'Amour received mixed reviews upon its release , it has since been regarded as one of the strongest debut albums by any band or artist . It ranked No. 38 on Rolling Stone magazine 's list of `` 100 Best Debut Albums of All Time '' . In 2012 , the magazine ranked it No. 428 on their list of the 500 greatest albums of all time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57bae99035b4f3975109088bc1d75da8", "text": "Not So Silent Night ... Christmas with REO Speedwagon Not So Silent Night ... Christmas with REO Speedwagon is the sixteenth studio album by REO Speedwagon . It was released on November 3 , 2009 by Sony Music , two years after the band 's previous studio album , Find Your Own Way Home . On July 1 , 2010 , the album was re-released with three bonus tracks , and a DVD was released in a series from Sony Music called The Yule Log DVD , in which the music from `` Not So Silent Night ... Christmas with REO Speedwagon '' is featured with three different holiday visuals ( one of them the yule log of the series ' title ) . The original CD cover is featured on the DVD menu .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b3907e0f439d47ffba9e9459590723d", "text": "Unsigned artist An unsigned artist , unsigned band or independent artist is a musician or musical group not under a contract with a record label . The terms are used in the music industry as a marketing technique . Bands that release their own material on self-published CDs can also be considered unsigned bands . Often unsigned bands primarily exist to perform at concerts . In more recent years , the Internet has helped promote the music of unsigned bands . Artists often post their music as MP3s on websites such as Bandcamp , SoundCloud , Myspace , PureVolume , GarageBand.com and SoundClick . In 2016 , the Unsigned Music Awards was established in the UK as the first ever televised international awards ceremony to champion artists without the backing of a record label . UK unsigned bands and musicians are able to use such services as The Unsigned Guide and to gather music industry contact names , phone numbers , websites and social media links , as well as information on how to get signed or market music independently . Song pitching websites , such as TAXI allow unsigned musicians to see which record labels ( and other music companies ) are currently seeking new music . Further , companies like Sentric Music and the royalty payment service offered by Last.fm can help in generating income streams for unsigned bands .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "045b25a521e4288440f31872d340b798", "text": "Kiss Rocks Vegas Kiss Rocks Vegas is a live album and DVD/Blu-ray Disc by the American hard rock band Kiss released on August 26 , 2016 . The album was recorded from November 5 -- 23 , 2014 during the band 's residency at the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino ( Las Vegas ) during their 40th anniversary tour . Kiss Rocks Vegas was released in cinemas worldwide on May 25 , 2016 , and later released on pay-per-view on June 14 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "913588602f7776d2c2a3902bed21c569", "text": "This Kiss (Faith Hill song) `` This Kiss '' is a song written by Beth Nielsen Chapman , Robin Lerner and Annie Roboff , and recorded by American country music singer Faith Hill . It was released on March 10 , 1998 as the first single from her album , Faith . The song became a crossover single , reaching # 1 on the U.S. and Canadian country charts , in addition to reaching Top 10 on the US pop and Adult Contemporary charts , as well as Top Ten in Australia and Top 20 in the United Kingdom . `` This Kiss '' was nominated for two Grammy Awards for Best Female Country Vocal Performance and Grammy Award for Best Country Song , losing both to `` You 're Still the One '' by Canadian singer Shania Twain .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "3f63c8a27315bcd03651c5e7f179b1f8", "text": "Saratoga (film) Saratoga is a 1937 American romantic comedy film written by Anita Loos and directed by Jack Conway . The film stars Clark Gable and Jean Harlow in their sixth and final film collaboration , and features Lionel Barrymore , Frank Morgan , Walter Pidgeon , Hattie McDaniel , and Margaret Hamilton . Jean Harlow died before filming was finished , and it was completed using stand-ins . Saratoga was MGM 's biggest moneymaker of 1937 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "802eefdae3c3cc72f32f5905915a1bd3", "text": "John McDaniel (musician) John William McDaniel ( born February 26 , 1961 , St. Louis , Missouri , United States ) is an American theatre producer , composer , conductor , and pianist . He is known as the lead composer and producer of the 1996 television talk show The Rosie O'Donnell Show , for which he received six Daytime Emmy Award nominations , winning two . McDaniel is also known for his collaborations with Patti LuPone , most notably her 1995 concert Patti LuPone : Live ! , which debuted on Broadway after a Los Angeles engagement . He won a Grammy Award for producing the cast album of Annie Get Your Gun ( 1999 ) , as well as a Tony Award for producing the Broadway production of the latter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb15bcc714c715eae349eaf85f89ea1a", "text": "Whitney Houston discography The discography of American singer Whitney Houston ( 1963 -- 2012 ) consists of seven studio albums , six compilations , two soundtrack albums , five box sets , six extended plays , and fifty-seven singles . In 1985 , Houston released her self-titled debut album . It spent fourteen weeks at number one on the Billboard 200 and was certified thirteen times platinum ( Diamond ) by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , with global sales of 25 million copies . The album produced four US top 5 singles , including three Billboard Hot 100 number-ones . In 1987 , Houston released her second album Whitney . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and was supported by four US number-one singles : `` I Wan na Dance with Somebody ( Who Loves Me ) '' , `` Did n't We Almost Have It All '' , `` So Emotional '' , and `` Where Do Broken Hearts Go '' , which established an unprecedented seven consecutive number one hits by a performer . Whitney was certified 9 × Platinum by the RIAA and topped the charts in numerous countries , having sold in excess of 20 million copies worldwide . Houston 's third studio album , I 'm Your Baby Tonight ( 1990 ) , peaked at number three on the Billboard 200 chart and yielded two number-one singles ; `` I 'm Your Baby Tonight '' and `` All the Man That I Need '' , selling 10 million units worldwide . In February 1991 , Houston released `` The Star Spangled Banner '' performance from Super Bowl XXV as a single , becoming the highest-charting rendition of the national anthem on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . The Bodyguard soundtrack from her film debut , was released in November 1992 . The album contains tracks by other recording artists but is considered a Houston album by Billboard . It topped the Billboard 200 for twenty non-consecutive weeks , one of the longest tenures by an album in the Nielsen SoundScan era . The album was certified 17 × Platinum the United States and sold over 45 million copies worldwide , becoming the best-selling soundtrack album and one of the top 5 best-selling albums of all time . The lead single from the soundtrack , `` I Will Always Love You '' , topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart for a then-record-breaking fourteen weeks and was certified 6 × Platinum by the RIAA , peaked at number one on the charts in nearly every country and sold 12 million copies worldwide , becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time . Houston contributed three songs , including her eleventh number-one single `` Exhale ( Shoop Shoop ) '' on the 7x platinum soundtrack album , Waiting to Exhale ( November 1995 ) . The following year she released The Preacher 's Wife in November 1996 . The soundtrack was certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA and became the biggest selling gospel album of all time . In 1998 , she released her first studio album in eight years , My Love Is Your Love . The album failed to match the commercial status of her previous albums , peaking at number thirteen , her lowest chart position on the Billboard 200 among her studio albums . Despite initial weak sales , the album went on to achieve multi-platinum status with 11 million units sold worldwide , being certified 4 × Platinum in the United States . From late 1998 to early 2000 , the album generated five singles ; `` When You Believe '' ( duet with Mariah Carey ) , `` Heartbreak Hotel '' , `` It 's Not Right but It 's Okay '' , `` My Love Is Your Love '' , and `` I Learned from the Best '' . Houston entered the 2000s with her first greatest hits compilation , Whitney : The Greatest Hits , released in May 2000 . The double-disc was certified 3 × Platinum by the RIAA in 2002 and earned 5 × Platinum award posthumously , recognizing 2.6 million in sales throughout the United States . The album hit the top position on the UK Albums Chart and sold over 1.66 million copies in the UK alone . Also , it reached the top ten in many worldwide markets , selling 10 million copies globally . Just Whitney , released in December 2002 , became her first album after renewing her contract with Arista for a record $ 100 million in 2001 . The album failed to earn multi-platinum status , receiving only Platinum award in the US , and became her lowest-selling studio album to date . She released a holiday album , One Wish : The Holiday Album in November 2003 . In September 2009 , Houston returned to the top position of the Billboard 200 with I Look to You , becoming her fourth number-one album on the chart ; which was her first non-soundtrack number-one in 22 years , since 1987 's Whitney . It also topped the album charts of several European countries and was certified Platinum by the RIAA . Her albums Whitney Houston , Whitney , The Bodyguard and Whitney : The Greatest Hits are among the top 100 certified albums according to the RIAA . According to the RIAA , Houston is the top-selling R&B female artist of the 20th century , and the fourth best-selling female artist in the United States , with shipments of 57 million albums . In addition , until the launch of the RIAA 's digital certification program in 2004 , she had sold 16.5 million physical singles more than any other female solo artist in history . According to the Official UK Charts Company in October 2012 , Houston is at number four in the top 10 biggest selling female singles artists of all-time list with a sales total of 8.5 million singles . Whitney Houston is one of pop music 's best-selling music artists of all-time , with an estimated 170 -- 200 million records sold worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "097d2e4cbd278542acd22ae5e9b45657", "text": "Mr. Broadway Mr. Broadway is an American 13-episode CBS adventure and drama television series starring Craig Stevens as New York City public relations specialist Mike Bell . The program aired at 9 p.m. Eastern time Saturdays from September 26 to December 26 , 1964 . Also featured were Bell 's assistant , Toki , portrayed by Lani Miyazaki , and his police contact , Hank McClure , played by Horace McMahon . Mr. Broadway , a Talent Associates Production , was created by Garson Kanin and produced by David Susskind and Daniel Melnick . Dave Brubeck supplied the music and theme . It was shot on location in New York City . Although ` Mr. Broadway ' was only aired 13 episodes , it featured some notable guest stars , including Jason Robards , Lauren Bacall , Tuesday Weld , Jill St. John , Art Carney and Liza Minnelli in her first dramatic TV role . Notable episodes include guest appearances by Liza Minnelli as Minnie in `` Nightingale for Sale '' ; Sandy Dennis in `` Do n't Mention My Name in Sheboygan '' , and Lauren Bacall as Barbara Lake , with Martin Balsam as Nate Bannerman , in `` Something to Sing About '' . Other episodes are `` Keep an Eye on Emily '' ( the series ' pilot ) with Tuesday Weld as Emily and Oleg Cassini as himself , `` Take a Walk Through a Cemetery '' with Lauren Bacall , again , but also with Jason Robards , Jr. , and Jill St. John , `` Try to Find a Spy '' with Barbara Feldon and Simon Oakland , `` Between the Rats and the Finks '' with Larry Hagman , Dyan Cannon , Bruce Gordon , and Patrick McVey , `` The He-She Chemistry '' with Tammy Grimes , `` Maggie , Queen of the Jungle '' , with Nina Foch in the title role , `` Smelling Like a Rose '' with Art Carney , Hal Roach , and Tina Louise , `` Bad Little Rich Girl '' with Diana Van der Vlis as Mary Beth Warren and Larry Pennell as John Chambers , `` Sticks and Stones May Break My Bones '' with Philip Abbott as Geoffrey Karr and Lola Albright as Duff Daniels . Albright had been Stevens 's co-star on Peter Gunn , and `` Pay Now , Die Later '' , the series finale , with David Wayne as John Zeck and John Ireland as Jimmy King . In the latter episode the wealthy Zeck hires Mike Bell to write his obituary ahead of his death . Mr. Broadway aired following the new sitcom Gilligan 's Island and preceding the durable Western , Gunsmoke . Its competition was the Saturday Night Movie on NBC , and the second half of The Lawrence Welk Show and the first half of The Hollywood Palace on ABC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d1fe33d6237833941bf60701624dcb01", "text": "Safely Kept Stakes The Safely Kept Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Laurel Park Racecourse in Laurel , Maryland . Open to fillies aged three , it is competed on dirt over a distance of seven furlongs . Run during October , it offers a purse of $ 100,000 . The Safely Kept Breeders ' Cup Stakes is one of the top sprints for three-year-old fillies in the country . One of the few six-furlong contests with graded status for three-year-olds that leads to the Breeders ' Cup Filly & Mare Sprint . It was inaugurated in 1986 as the Columbia Stakes . The stakes record is held by Godmother who finished the six furlongs in 1:09.21 . The race is named in honor of Jayeff `` B '' Stable 's and Barry Weisbord 's 1989 Eclipse Award Champion Sprinter and 1989 Columbia Stakes winner Safely Kept in 1996 . The race has been called several different titles beginning with Columbia Handicap ( after a nearby town in Maryland ) from 1986-1987 , then the Columbia Stakes from 1989-1995 . The race was at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore , Maryland and has been moved to back and forth from Laurel to Pimlico depending on dates that were assigned by the Maryland Racing Commission . The race was held at Pimlico in 1986-1987 , 1989 , and 1991-1996 . The race was run at Colonial Downs in New Kent , Virginia in 1997 . The race was run at Laurel in 1988 , 1990 , 1998-2000 and from 2006 to present . The race was run at 6-1/2 furlongs in 1987 and 1988 . The Safely Kept Breeders ' Cup Stakes was given Graded stakes status in 1990 . On August 7 , 2008 it was announced that the race would be on hiatus for 2008 , the Maryland Jockey Club cited financial distress as the reason for the races ' cancellation . The annual grading session of the American Graded Stakes Committee listed Safely Kept S. at Laurel Park not eligible for grading for 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1efae664be86d82a7532e7855c34a21a", "text": "Road to the Kentucky Derby The Road to the Kentucky Derby is a points system by which horses qualify for a position in the starting gate in the Kentucky Derby . It features around 35 stakes races for 2 and 3-year-old Thoroughbreds -- the number and specific races have changed slightly over the years . The point system replaces the previous qualifying system which looked at earnings from graded stakes races worldwide . The series is divided into two phases , the Kentucky Derby Prep Season and the Kentucky Derby Championship Series . The prep season consists of early races on dirt or synthetic surfaces over distances of at least one mile that typically are run between late September and late February . Points are awarded to the top 4 finishers in each race on a 10-4-2-1 scale , except for the Breeders ' Cup Juvenile , which is awarded points on a 20-8-4-2 scale . The championship season consists of two legs and a `` wild card '' round . The first leg includes minor prep races , usually Grade II , with a 50-20-10-5 scale . The second leg includes major prep races , usually Grade I , with a 100-40-20-10 scale . The `` wild card '' consists of one race and has a 10-4-2-1 scale . The top 19 point earners are entitled to a position in the starting gate in the Derby ( the actual post position is determined later , by random draw ) . If any of the top 19 ( or the 20th position offered to a horse from Japan ) does not enter the Derby , their position is given to the next ranked horses on the list . Up to 24 horses may enter the race , with the bottom four point-earners listed as `` also eligible '' . If any of the top 20 is scratched after entries are taken but before betting begins , the next ranked horse on the also eligible list will be eligible to run . If two or more horses have the same number of points , the tiebreaker to get into the race will be earnings in non-restricted stakes races , whether or not they are graded . In the event of a tie , those horses will divide equally the points they would have received jointly had one beaten the other . If an owner wants a filly to run in the race , she will have to earn points in the same races as the colts and geldings -- points earned of the Road to the Kentucky Oaks are not transferable to the Derby . Horses listed as `` also eligible '' are not allowed to participate in the race once wagering is opened .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2c4cb80cbaa28d1ccba4b06d4575544", "text": "Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton Elizabeth Hamilton ( née Schuyler -LSB- ˈskaɪlər -RSB- August 9 , 1757 -- November 9 , 1854 ) , sometimes called `` Eliza '' or `` Betsey , '' was co-founder and deputy director of the first private orphanage in New York City . She was the wife of American founding father Alexander Hamilton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46caba03c6545c8306c6fc757acb3395", "text": "Gaelic Park The Gaelic Park Sports Centre ( Páirc na nGael ) , often abbreviated Gaelic Park , is a multi-purpose outdoor athletics facility , located at West 240th Street and Broadway in Riverdale , Bronx , in the U.S. state of New York . Since 1926 the grounds has been used as the venue for Gaelic sports in New York , and since its purchase by Manhattan College in 1991 it has hosted numerous American college athletic events . Located just west of Broadway and south and west of Van Cortlandt Park in the northernmost part of the Bronx just south of the city border with Westchester , Gaelic Park was purchased in 1926 by the Gaelic Athletic Association of Greater New York . It has been given a few different names over time including Innisfail Park , but since the 1950s it has gone by its current name , Gaelic Park , a reflection of the park 's decidedly Irish flavor . The park includes a playing field and dance hall . In addition to hurling and football matches , a number of other sporting events take place at Gaelic Park . There are also concerts and dances that feature Irish music both old and new . Beginning with `` Summer ' 69 '' and continuing into the early 1970s , rock concerts were also held there , including the Association , Beach Boys , Gary Puckett and the Union Gap , Eagles , Pete Seeger , Rascals , Irish Rovers , Four Tops , Grateful Dead , Chicago , Edgar Winter , Johnny Winter , Jefferson Airplane , Black Oak Arkansas , Allman Brothers Band , Ten Years After , Yes , ELP , Mountain , Humble Pie and Deep Purple .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4aa33665aeb70a3a06868df50c5725ed", "text": "Bob McFarland For the National Security Advisor under U.S. President Ronald W. Reagan , see Robert McFarlane . Millard Robert `` Bob '' McFarland ( born June 12 , 1941 ) , is an attorney and lobbyist in Arlington and Austin , Texas , who served from 1983 to 1991 as a Republican member of the Texas State Senate from District 10 , then parts of Dallas , Denton , and Tarrant counties . From 1977 to 1983 , McFarland served in the Texas House of Representatives from the former districts 32-B and 32-D in Tarrant County . In 1959 , McFarland graduated from Arlington High School . He received a Bachelor of Business Administration degree from the University of Texas at Arlington . He then procured his Juris Doctor from Southern Methodist University School of Law , since known as the Dedman School of Law . McFarland was admitted to the bar in 1966 . McFarland was cited for achievement in the publication Texas Business . In 1981 , he received the G. J. Sutton Memorial Leadership Award and was named `` Legislator of the Year '' by the Texas Municipal League . In civic affairs , McFarland is a former director of the Tarrant County Humane Society and the Arlington Civic Chorus . He is Roman Catholic . In 1979 , 1981 , 1983 and 1985 , McFarland was ranked among the `` Ten Best Legislators '' from both chambers by Texas Monthly magazine . In 1989 , McFarland was one of five senators to serve as the President Pro Tempore , having succeeded his regional colleague , Hugh Q. Parmer in that position . In 1986 , McFarland objected when the Texas Select Committee on Higher Education , a group appointed by Governor Mark Wells White to consider streamlining of the state 's colleges and universities , proposed that the University of Texas at Arlington be re-defined as a `` comprehensive university , '' with an emphasis on teaching , instead of research . Many UTA faculty and students believed that the change would have eliminated doctoral programs at the institution . McFarland , a UTA `` Distinguished Alumnus '' , declared the select committee recommendation `` an over-my-dead-body situation . '' Soon political support was manifested throughout Arlington and Tarrant County . The mission of UTA was clarified to include `` achieving excellence in all academic areas -- teaching , research , and public service . '' McFarland said the controversy brought hundreds of letters and telephone calls and showed him that `` there are people out there willing to get involved and support UTA . '' Then State Representative Kent Grusendorf , also of Arlington , joined McFarland in rallying to the defense of their common alma mater . As a two-term departing state representative , McFarland succeeded Senator William C. Meier , a Democrat from Euless in Tarrant County who switched to Republican affiliation and ran unsuccessfully in 1982 against U.S. Representative Jim Mattox for Attorney General of Texas . Mark White vacated the attorney 's general office after one term to challenge , successfully , Republican Governor Bill Clements . In 1991 , McFarland was succeeded in the Senate by Chris Harris , also of Arlington , who subsequently was shifted into neighboring District 9 . Bob McFarland Park , part of which is heavily wooded , is operated at 410 East Embercrest Drive by the Arlington Parks and Recreation Department and named in his honor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a0198c108436b22b35b8e11d4d0866c", "text": "Irene Kral Irene Kral ( January 18 , 1932 -- August 15 , 1978 ) was an American jazz singer who was born to Czechoslovakian parents in Chicago , Illinois , and settled in Los Angeles in the early 1960s . She died , due to breast cancer , in Encino , California . Kral 's older brother , Roy Kral , was a successful musician when she started singing professionally as a teenager . She sang with bands on tours led by Woody Herman and Chubby Jackson , former Herman bass player . She joined Maynard Ferguson 's band in the late 1950s and sang with groups led by Stan Kenton and Shelly Manne . She then started a solo career until her death at 46 years of age . She was a ballad singer who stated that Carmen McRae was one of her inspirations . She became more famous posthumously when Clint Eastwood used her recordings in his 1995 movie The Bridges of Madison County . Her style has been compared to that of Carmen McRae ( the two singers were friends ) . Dana Countryman quotes from Linda Dahl 's 1984 book on women in jazz , Stormy Weather : `` Irene Kral had a lovely , resonant voice with a discreet vibrato , flawless diction and intonation , and a slight , attractive nasality and shaping of phrases that resembled Carmen McRae 's . But where McRae 's readings tend to the astringent , Kral 's melt like butter . She was a master of quiet understatement and good taste . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d911c74ac08866e932f3288eb7077ba", "text": "Saranac Stakes The Saranac Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Saratoga Race Course in Saratoga Springs , New York . The Grade III stakes is open to three-year-old horses and is raced on turf over a distance of miles . The event , currently run in early September , raised its purse to $ 300,000 in 2014 . Inaugurated in 1901 , the race is named for the village of Saranac in Clinton County , New York in the Adirondack Mountains . Due to a legislated ban on parimutuel betting , all New York State racetracks ceased operations in 1911 and 1912 . Cancellation of the race occurred again from 1943 to 1947 as a result of World War II . When it returned in 1948 , the race was shifted to the now defunct Jamaica Racetrack until 1956 when it was moved to Aqueduct Racetrack where it was held from 1957 -- 1961 , 1963 -- 1967 , 1972 -- 1974 , and in 1976 . Raced on dirt until 1979 , over the years the Saranac Stakes has been run at various distances : 1 mile , 1 furlong : 1901-1908 , 1910 , 1996 miles : 1948-1959 1 mile : 1960-1995 miles : 1997 -- 2010 miles : 2011 to present", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9cccd4eafc225040ea517fa4e462ce6e", "text": "Cherry Springs Dance Hall Cherry Springs Dance Hall , is one of the oldest and most historic dance halls in Texas . It is located at 17662 North U.S. Highway 87 , Cherry Springs , TX 78624 . The Texas farming community of Cherry Spring is 16 mi NW of Fredericksburg , Texas , in Gillespie County 's portion of the Texas Hill Country . The dance hall was established along the old Pinta Trail in 1889 as a stop for cattle drives . It was originally run by Herman Lehmann , son of German immigrants , Apache captive and adopted son of Comanche chief Quanah Parker . Cited by the State of Texas Music Office as `` one of the most historic dance halls in the world , '' the venue has played host to some of the greatest legends of country music . Hank Williams once played here , as did Patsy Cline , Buck Owens , Webb Pierce , Ernest Tubb , George Jones , and many others . It was here on October 9 , 1955 , that the Louisiana Hayride Tour played , with Elvis Presley , Johnny Cash , Wanda Jackson and Porter Wagoner on the cusp of international fame for the performers . Author and musician Geronimo Trevino III likens the talent who have played there to `` The history of country music . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18d4061e567b30540507970825a12046", "text": "Maria Karnilova Maria Karnilova ( August 3 , 1920 -- April 20 , 2001 ) was an American dancer and actress . She was initially known legally as Maria Karniloff . She was born in Hartford , Connecticut , the daughter of Filip and Stefanida Dovgolenko ( or Dowholonok ) , emigrants from Tsarist Russia . The family later moved to Brooklyn , New York . She started her professional career in 1927 in the Children 's Ballet of the Metropolitan Opera and joined the corps when Ballet Theater , now American Ballet Theater , was founded in 1939 . She adopted the name Karniloff , and later , Karnilova as her professional name . Her professional surname was often ascribed as her own mother 's maiden name , however , that is inaccurate as her mother 's maiden name was `` Shlonskaya '' . Karnilova made her Broadway debut in 1946 in Call Me Mister . She won the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for the original 1964 production of Fiddler on the Roof starring Zero Mostel and was nominated as Best Actress in a Musical for Zorba ( 1968 ) . Other Broadway credits include Miss Liberty ( 1949 ) , Two 's Company ( 1952 ) , Jerome Robbins ' Ballet : U.S.A. ( 1958 ) , Gypsy ( as the original `` Tessie Tura '' ; 1959 ) , Bravo Giovanni ( 1962 ) , Gigi ( 1973 ) , God 's Favorite ( 1974 ) , Bring Back Birdie ( 1981 ) , and the 1981 revival of Fiddler . Her film credits include The Unsinkable Molly Brown ( 1964 ) and Married to the Mob ( 1988 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a897aae493478575da0dfdd1bbad77b", "text": "Let Me Be Your Star `` Let Me Be Your Star '' is an original song introduced in the first episode of the first season of the musical TV series Smash , entitled Pilot . It was written by Marc Shaiman and Scott Wittman , but in the show 's universe , it was written by songwriting duo Tom Levitt ( Christian Borle ) and Julia Houston ( Debra Messing ) for the Marilyn Monroe musical they are working on , Bombshell . In the first episode , the song is performed by characters Karen Cartwright ( Katharine McPhee ) and Ivy Lynn ( Megan Hilty ) as they each prepare for and then audition for the role of Marilyn in front the production team . The song has since been reprised numerous times in various episodes , both as solos and duets . For the first season , it was also sung by Karen and Ivy in the second episode `` The Callback '' and the seventh episode `` The Workshop '' , by Ivy in the sixth episode `` Chemistry '' , and by Rebecca Duvall ( Uma Thurman ) in the eleventh episode `` The Movie Star '' and the fourteenth episode `` Previews '' . In the second season , it was reprised by Karen and several female members of the Bombshell ensemble in the first episode `` On Broadway '' , and by Ivy in the eighth episode `` The Bells and Whistles '' and the eleventh episode `` The Dress Rehearsal '' . The song was originally released as a single to digital music retailers and is available on the cast albums The Music of Smash and Bombshell ( the latter with an extended intro not heard on the show ) , with McPhee and Hilty 's vocals from the `` Pilot '' episode . The song has sold 48,000 digital downloads as of April 13 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "29efc03e215baf8c80714846099316b9", "text": "Mary Beth Walsh Mary Beth Walsh is the Assembly member for the 112th District of the New York State Assembly . She is a Republican . The district includes portions of Saratoga County , including Ballston Spa , Country Knolls , Galway and Milton as well as portions of Schenectady County including East Glenville and Scotia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43c30e0183e386b8a97f072689426751", "text": "Saratoga Springs (horse) Saratoga Springs ( 21 January 1995 -- after 2004 ) was a Canadian-bred Thoroughbred racehorse and sire . He was sent to race in Europe and was one of the best two-year-olds of his generation in 1997 when he won four of his seven races including the Acomb Stakes , the Beresford Stakes and the Racing Post Trophy . In the following year he won the Dante Stakes but was beaten when favourite for the Prix du Jockey Club and ran unplaced in the Epsom Derby and the Irish Derby . He later raced in the United Arab Emirates and the United States but never won again . He later stood as a breeding stallion in Ireland and Australia with little success .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "492002d8526213a34c4c0baa0022d098", "text": "Bruce McDaniel Bruce McDaniel ( born September 23 , 1962 ) is an American musician , composer , producer and recording engineer , currently living in New Orleans . Bruce McDaniel was born in Boston , Massachusetts of Mexican and Scottish/American parents on 23 September 1962 and grew up in New York . He was raised by musical parents who met while attending the Juilliard School of Music . He had an early start in NYC 's underground punk rock scene as lead guitarist for the Sic F*ck s with Tish Bellomo and Snooky Bellomo , a band who , despite the inability to have their name said on the radio , parlayed their comedy-punk spectacle to a feature in Playboy Magazine and movie appearances , including 1982 's Alone in the Dark . After the dissolution of the late '70s punk scene , McDaniel laid low for much of the '80s , recording jingles and demos . A group of these demos , recorded under the name Life of Riley ( featuring Peter Engisch and Perry Gartner ) were picked up by Grammy-award nominated producer Paul Wickliffe , who produced an album 's worth of material for the group , only to have the arrangement ( and the group ) dissolve under contract disputes . Several of these tracks can be heard on the McDaniel/Gartner collection Ongepotchket . Through the '90s , he served as guitarist and bassist for R&B singer Vaneese Thomas , daughter of soul icon Rufus Thomas , known for her 1987 top 20 hits `` Let 's Talk It Over '' and '' ( I Wan na Get ) Close To You '' . McDaniel was ultimately elevated to the role of musical director of her touring band , a job which he still holds . The '90s also saw the formation of McDaniel 's band Nine Men 's Morris and their first release Monster in My Stomach on Segue Records . McDaniel provided the songs , guitars and lead vocals , and was joined by Gartner on drums and bassist Donald Kyle . The follow-up album , It 's a Wonderful Life , was released in 2004 to excellent reviews , with the title cut being featured on MTV 's show Made . In 2000 , McDaniel extended his musical horizons by composing a ballet , Alice in Wonderland , set on the East Coast Youth Ballet . The ballet was performed in 2001 and 2002 at the Rich Forum and Palace Theater in Stamford , Connecticut to sold-out houses and rave reviews . McDaniel has also performed/recorded with Gil Parris , Valerie Capers , Carla Thomas , Paul Shaffer , Randy Brecker , Johnny Thunders , Lydia Lunch , James Chance , Richard Lloyd , Shawn Pelton , Sid McGinnis , Kirk Whalum , Jill Sobule , Nick Moroch , Paul Adamy , Shelton Becton , Chieli Minucci , Philippe Saisse , Eileen Ivers , Tommy Mandel , Napoleon Murphy Brock , Mike Keneally , Ray White , Wycliffe Gordon , David Spinozza , Bernie Williams , Lloyd Price , and the Ed Palermo Big Band , among others . As of December 2006 , he is the lead vocalist and guitar player for Nine Men 's Morris , and can be seen performing the music of Frank Zappa with the Ed Palermo Big Band . In 2008 he composed the score for the film School Play , which won the Best Documentary Film award at the Big Apple Film Festival in NYC . In late 2008 he produced the album Eddy Loves Frank for the Ed Palermo Big Band , which was released in spring of 2009 . Eddy Loves Frank spent 10 weeks in the CMJ Jazz charts top 20 , peaking at # 5 . In 2010 and 2011 , McDaniel provided the music for Climate Week NYC . As of 2009 , the reformed Sic F*ck s have been performing sporadically in and around New York City with McDaniel on guitar . In November 2011 , they performed in Hamilton , Ontario with guests J. P. Patterson of The Dictators , Albert Bouchard of Blue Öyster Cult and Gord Lewis from Teenage Head . Other guest appearances with the band have included Dennis Dunaway of Alice Cooper and Jeff Magnum of The Dead Boys . As of 2011 , McDaniel is performing with a reformed lineup of punk rock legends the Tuff Darts , filling the guitar role of the late Jeff Salen . In 2014 , he produced the album Oh No , Not Jazz ! for the Ed Palermo Big Band , which received a 4-star review from Down Beat Magazine , as well as being the # 10 album of the year in their annual readers poll . In 2015 , he produced the album One Child Left Behind for the Ed Palermo Big Band , featuring Napoleon Murphy Brock and Frank Zappa 's sister Candy Zappa . In 2016 , he produced the albums The Great Un-American Songbook , Volumes 1 & 2 for the Ed Palermo Big Band , featuring Napoleon Murphy Brock , which also received a 4-star review from Down Beat Magazine . Volume 3 will be released in 2018 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eecd08ca4160cc411778149bb25f3c96", "text": "The Seven Descents of Myrtle The Seven Descents of Myrtle is a play by Tennessee Williams . It originally began as a short story , which Williams then turned into a one-act play , and then later revised it into the seven-act play that is accepted today . Its title character is reminiscent of another Williams ' heroine , Blanche Dubois in A Streetcar Named Desire . Originally titled Kingdom of Earth , the serio-comic play focuses on Lot , a tubercular neurotic youth who is an impotent transvestite overly attached to the memory of his late mother . He has returned to his ancestral home , a decaying house on the edge of a river on the verge of overflowing , with his new bride Myrtle , a sometime prostitute and former showgirl , the sole survivor of the Five Memphis Hot Shots . She dwells in a fantasy world of romantic illusions , one of which is to nurse Lot back to health so they can consummate their marriage , but soon discovers Lot only wants to use her to steal the deed to the property from his multiracial half-brother Chicken , who has lived on and farmed the property for years . Once he meets Myrtle , he gets some romantic designs of his own . The Broadway production was produced by David Merrick and directed by José Quintero . After two previews , it opened on March 27 , 1968 , at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre and closed after 29 performances . It starred Brian Bedford as Lot , Harry Guardino as Chicken , and Estelle Parsons as Myrtle . She was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play . In 1970 , the play was adapted to a feature film and released under the title Last of the Mobile Hot Shots ( aka `` Blood Kin '' ) . A 1975 production in London , at the Greenwood Theatre , starring Marianne Faithfull as Myrtle , was cancelled after just three performances when Ms Faithfull fell ill with peritonitis . In 1976 , the play had its West Coast premiere at The Pasadena Repertory Theatre located in The Hotel Carver in Pasadena , California . It starred Marie Peckinpah as Myrtle , Duane Waddell as Chicken , and Ed Harris as Lot . It featured a remarkable three story , rain-drenched set by Howard Whalen . The play was presented under Williams ' original title `` Kingdom of Earth '' and ran for approximately 24 weekend performances over three months . It was directed by Gill Dennis , with executive producer Duane Waddell , and produced by Kevin Cloud Brechner . In 1991 , the play was produced in the UK at the Redgrave Theatre , Farnham starring Kit Hollerbach as Myrtle , Stephen Hattersley as Chicken and Marc Warren as Lot in a production directed by Bill Bankes-Jones . Stephen Hattersley won Best Actor 1991 in the TMA Awards for his performance in this production . In 2011 it was revived at the Print Room in Notting Hill , under its alternative title Kingdom of Earth , directed by Lucy Bailey . In 2012 , Tom Hiddleston did a reading of the short story version for the series Stories Before Bedtime at the Criterion-Theatre in the United Kingdom . This short story is a more erotic version written in the first person from the perspective of Chicken .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de77e8f88e4aa6857add8d7f9d90c4a2", "text": "Saratoga Trunk Saratoga Trunk is a 1945 American romantic drama film directed by Sam Wood and starring Gary Cooper , Ingrid Bergman , and Flora Robson . Written by Casey Robinson , and based on the novel Saratoga Trunk by Edna Ferber , the film is about a Texas gambler and a Creole daughter of an aristocratic family who work together to seek justice from a society that has rejected them .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "144d4092a0b9f4714a4185d938a413aa", "text": "John Elliott (Georgia) John Elliott ( October 24 , 1773 -- August 9 , 1827 ) was a United States Senator from Georgia , serving from 1819 to 1825 . Elliott graduated from Yale University in 1794 and returned to Georgia to practice law . He was elected to the Senate after holding several local offices . Through his first wife Esther Dunwoody , he was the father of Hester Amarintha `` Hettie '' Elliott ( 1797 -- 1831 ) and Corinne Elliott . Hettie was the first wife of Major James Stephens Bulloch ( 1793 -- 1849 ) and mother of Civil War Confederate veteran James Dunwoody Bulloch ( 1823 -- 1901 ) . Senator Elliott was also the first husband of Martha `` Patsy '' Stewart ( 1799 -- 1864 ) , daughter of General Daniel Stewart and Sarah Susannah Oswald . John and Patsy had four children : Susan Ann Elliott ( 1820 -- 1895 ) Georgia Amanda Elliott ( 1822 -- 1848 ) Charles William Elliott ( September 1824 -- c. 1825 ) Daniel Stewart `` Dan '' Elliott ( 1826 -- 1861 ) , Civil War Confederate casualty After his death , Patsy married Major Bulloch in May 8 , 1832 and had four children , including Martha `` Mittie '' Bulloch ( 1835 -- 1884 ) and Civil War Confederate veteran Irvine Stephens Bulloch ( 1842 -- 1898 ) . Mittie was the mother of US President Theodore Roosevelt ( 1858 -- 1919 ) and Elliott Bulloch Roosevelt ( 1860 -- 1894 ) , who was the father of First Lady Anna Eleanor Roosevelt ( 1884 -- 1962 ) . In 1820 , he owned 115 slaves in Liberty County , Georgia . In 1830 , his estate owned 117 slaves .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12e854497d4a6b6efa2d3e9c49fb4e0d", "text": "Saratoga Township, Grundy County, Illinois Saratoga Township ( T34N R7E ) is one of seventeen townships in Grundy County , Illinois , USA . As of the 2010 census , its population was 6,122 and it contained 2,541 housing units .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "853c8d54c1e71e379e931d586afe31dc", "text": "Steve Buscemi Steven Vincent Buscemi ( -LSB- buːˈsɛmi -RSB- born December 13 , 1957 ) is an American actor and film director . Buscemi has starred and supported in successful Hollywood and indie films , including Parting Glances , New York Stories , Mystery Train , Reservoir Dogs , Desperado , Con Air , Armageddon , The Grey Zone , Ghost World , Big Fish , and The Sopranos . He is also known for his appearances in many films by the Coen brothers : Miller 's Crossing , Barton Fink , The Hudsucker Proxy , Fargo , and The Big Lebowski . Buscemi provides the voice of Randall Boggs in the Monsters , Inc. franchise . From 2010 to 2014 , he portrayed Enoch `` Nucky '' Thompson in the critically acclaimed series Boardwalk Empire , which earned him two Screen Actors Guild Awards , a Golden Globe , and two nominations for an Emmy Award . He made his directorial debut in 1996 , with Trees Lounge , in which he also starred . Other works include Animal Factory ( 2000 ) , Lonesome Jim ( 2005 ) and Interview ( 2007 ) . He has also directed numerous episodes of TV shows , including Homicide : Life on the Street , The Sopranos , Oz , 30 Rock , and Nurse Jackie . He currently hosts the Emmy Award-winning AOL On comedy talk-show Park Bench .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42f8cfa13fe03a0bac5e772a25604565", "text": "Interview (2007 film) Interview is a remake of Dutch film maker Theo van Gogh 's 2003 movie of the same name . The American version , which premiered in 2007 , stars Steve Buscemi as Pierre Peders ( originally played by Pierre Bokma ) , a fading political journalist interviewing a soap opera star , Katya , played by Sienna Miller ( originally played by Katja Schuurman ) . This film also features Tara Elders as Maggie , Molly Griffith as a waitress , and Philippe Vonlanthen as an autograph seeker . Steve Buscemi is also a director of this American adaptation . Katja Schuurman , the actress who played Sienna Miller 's part in the original movie , has a small cameo as a woman leaving a limo towards the end of the movie .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f73947644104819d2a325afc9cc3d950", "text": "Kiss Daddy Goodnight Kiss Daddy Goodnight is a 1987 American neo-noir psychological thriller film directed by Peter Ily Huemer . It stars Uma Thurman in her film debut , and Steve Buscemi in a small role .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1beea60139eb531a70c0aba559688e62", "text": "Interview (1971 film) Interview was a 1971 Bengali film directed by noted Indian art film director Mrinal Sen. A path-breaking film in terms of the narrative innovation and cinematic technique , it was a commercial success and went to run for six weeks amidst gushing admiration and accolades , when it was screened first . It also happened to be the debut film of Ranjit Mallick . Though according to the director , it was a film on the colonial hangover , it touched upon the diverse issue of anti-establishment , middle class cowardice , unemployment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a0d884640b611e0a62c4efd88fdfec5", "text": "The Boat That Rocked The Boat That Rocked ( retitled Pirate Radio in North America , Good Morning England in France , Radio Rock Revolution in Germany , Рок-волна ( The Rock Wave ) in Russia , and I Love Radio Rock in Italy ) is a 2009 British comedy film written and directed by Richard Curtis , with pirate radio in the United Kingdom during the 1960s as its setting . The film has an ensemble cast featuring Philip Seymour Hoffman , Bill Nighy , Rhys Ifans , Nick Frost , and Kenneth Branagh . Set in 1966 , it tells the story of the fictitious pirate radio station `` Radio Rock '' and its crew of eclectic disc jockeys , who broadcast rock and pop music to the United Kingdom from a ship anchored in the North Sea while the British government endeavours to shut them down . It was produced by Working Title Films for Universal Pictures , and was filmed on the Isle of Portland and at Shepperton Studios . After the world premiere in London 's Leicester Square on 29 March 2009 , the film was released in United Kingdom and Ireland on 1 April 2009 . It was a commercial failure at the British box office , making only US$ 10.1 million in its first three months , just a fifth of its US$ 50 million production cost . It received mixed reviews , with most criticism directed at its muddled storyline and 2 1/4 - hour length . For its North American release the film had its running time cut by 20 minutes , and was retitled Pirate Radio . Opening 13 November 2009 , it was still commercially unsuccessful in the US , earning only US$ 8 million . When the worldwide theatrical run was finished in January 2010 , the film had grossed US$ 36.3 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "191ef0077c7883f2dd598fb550444edd", "text": "The Cobbler (2014 film) The Cobbler is a 2014 American magic realism comedy-drama film directed by Tom McCarthy and co-written by McCarthy with Paul Sado . The film stars Adam Sandler , Dan Stevens , Dustin Hoffman and Steve Buscemi . It was screened in the Special Presentations section at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival . The film was released on March 13 , 2015 , by Image Entertainment . The film was panned by critics and was a box office bomb .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a1d800f3a58ce0e26dc0d8caddded51", "text": "Goodfellas Goodfellas ( stylized as GoodFellas ) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese . It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book Wiseguy by Nicholas Pileggi , who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese . The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends over a period from 1955 to 1980 . Scorsese initially named the film Wise Guy and postponed making it ; later , he and Pileggi changed the name to Goodfellas . To prepare for their roles in the film , Robert De Niro , Joe Pesci , and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi , who shared research material left over from writing the book . According to Pesci , improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted . The director made transcripts of these sessions , took the lines he liked best , and put them into a revised script , which the cast worked from during principal photography . Made on a budget of $ 25 million , Goodfellas grossed $ 46.8 million . It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards , including Best Picture and Best Director , with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role . The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , including Best Film and Best Director . Additionally , Goodfellas was named the year 's best film by various critics ' groups . Goodfellas is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in the crime genre . In 2000 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , and aesthetically significant '' and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the United States Library of Congress . Its content and style have been emulated in numerous other films and television shows .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a29f6e113a9e49453d47e840123ef6aa", "text": "Life Itself (film) Life Itself is a 2014 American biographical documentary film about film critic Roger Ebert , directed by Steve James and produced by Zak Piper , Steve James and Garrett Basch . The film is based on Ebert 's 2011 memoir of the same name . It premiered at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival and was an official selection at the 67th Cannes Film Festival . The 41st Telluride Film Festival hosted a special screening of the film on August 28 , 2014 . Magnolia Pictures released the film theatrically in the United States and simultaneously via video on demand platforms on July 4 , 2014 . On December 2 , 2014 , the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences announced that the film was 1 of 15 films shortlisted in the Documentary Feature category for the 87th Academy Awards , but it was not nominated . It was also nominated for two News & Documentary Emmy Awards , winning the award for Outstanding Editing : Documentary & Long-Form .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef5e5cd417b2dacfd9af51deb8e16c94", "text": "Tony Blundetto Anthony `` Tony '' Blundetto , played by Steve Buscemi , is a fictional character on the HBO TV series The Sopranos . He is Tony Soprano 's cousin who is released from prison at the beginning of the show 's fifth season . Upon release , Tony Blundetto begins to pursue a straight , non-criminal life . However , he is eventually overpowered by the challenges of civilian life and turns back to crime , dragging the DiMeo Crime Family into the Lupertazzi Crime Family 's power struggle . For his work in season 5 , Buscemi received critical acclaim and was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "297999cda6f3cf230c27f4da856b2f11", "text": "Lynch on Lynch Lynch on Lynch is a book of interviews with David Lynch , conducted , edited , and introduced by Chris Rodley , himself a filmmaker . The interviews took place between 1993 and 1996 . Each chapter is devoted to a separate film , from his beginnings up to Lost Highway . It was published by Faber & Faber Limited in London in 1997 ( ISBN 0-571-19548-2 ) . A revised edition was published by Farrar Straus & Giroux on March 16 , 2005 ( ISBN 0-571-22018-5 )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ccdd59bd0d6d6af329483726a116b0fe", "text": "Hollywood Don't Surf! Hollywood Do n't Surf ! is a 2011 documentary film that premiered in the 2010 Cannes Film Festival while a work in progress and held its North American premiere at the 2011 Telluride Film Festival , where it was presented to a packed park at the Abel Gance Outdoor theater by actress Daryl Hannah . Narrated by Robert Englund , the film explores the purportedly strained relationship between Hollywood film makers and the surfing community . After an irreverent and wild main title sequence ( including the first printed and filmed images of surfing ) , Hollywood Do n't Surf ! examines the legendary film Gidget and the subsequent surf exploitation genre that followed , centering on the ambitious John Milius written and directed 1978 Warner Bros. film Big Wednesday , a commercial disappointment at the time , and the smattering of surf films that followed as Big Wednesday enjoyed a subsequent rebirth as a cult film on home video . The documentary features : Quentin Tarantino Steven Spielberg John Milius Jan-Michael Vincent Robert Englund Stacy Peralta Gary Busey Lee Purcell Frankie Avalon John Stockwell Nia Peeples William Katt Laird Hamilton Greg Noll Kathy Kohner-Zuckerman Rick Dano Holly Beck", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c87e17d97b21620c16a8a0bbcf5f3eaa", "text": "Papillon (film) Papillon is a 1973 American crime drama prison film directed by Franklin J. Schaffner , based on the best-selling autobiography by the French convict Henri Charrière . The film stars Steve McQueen as Henri Charrière ( `` Papillon '' ) , and Dustin Hoffman as Louis Dega . Because it was filmed at remote locations , the film was quite expensive for the time ( $ 12 million ) , but it readily earned more than twice that in the first year of public distribution . The film 's title is French for `` Butterfly , '' referring to Charrière 's tattoo and nickname .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84e507fd69a4b141fbf07d6ef5237ec1", "text": "The Stunt Man The Stunt Man is a 1980 American film directed by Richard Rush , starring Peter O'Toole , Steve Railsback , and Barbara Hershey . The movie was adapted by Lawrence B. Marcus and Rush from the 1970 novel of the same name by Paul Brodeur . It tells the story of a young fugitive who hides as a stunt double on the set of an anti-war movie whose charismatic director will do seemingly anything for the sake of his art . It was nominated for three Academy Awards : Best Actor in a Leading Role ( Peter O'Toole ) , Best Director ( Richard Rush ) , and Best Writing , Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium . However , due to its limited release , it never earned much attention from US audiences at large . As O'Toole remarked in a DVD audio commentary , `` The film was n't released , it escaped . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "876022af87f647b87f58627e959d35fd", "text": "Dark City (1998 film) Dark City is a 1998 American-Australian neo-noir science fiction film directed by Alex Proyas . The screenplay was written by Proyas , Lem Dobbs and David S. Goyer . The film stars Rufus Sewell , Kiefer Sutherland , Jennifer Connelly , and William Hurt . Sewell plays John Murdoch , an amnesiac man who finds himself suspected of murder . Murdoch attempts to discover his true identity and clear his name while on the run from the police and a mysterious group known only as the `` Strangers '' . The majority of the film was shot at Fox Studios Australia . It was jointly produced by New Line Cinema and Mystery Clock Cinema . New Line Cinema distributed the theatrical release . The film premiered in the United States on February 27 , 1998 . The film was nominated for Hugo and Saturn Awards . For the theatrical release , the studio was concerned that the audience would not understand the film and asked Proyas to add an explanatory voice-over narration to the introduction . A director 's cut was released in 2008 , restoring and preserving Proyas 's original artistic vision for the film . Some critics have noted its similarities and possible influence on the Matrix series , which came out a year later .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "943cb6b281f049169842bbdec445ec6c", "text": "Wired (film) Wired is a 1989 biographical film of comedian and actor John Belushi , directed by Larry Peerce , and adapted from the investigative journalism book Wired : The Short Life and Fast Times of John Belushi written by Washington Post journalist Bob Woodward and published in 1984 . It starred Michael Chiklis in his film debut as Belushi . Wired was both a critical and a commercial failure . The film has never been released on DVD , and the videocassette originally released by International Video Entertainment is out of print . The film was marketed with the tagline `` For John Belushi , every night was Saturday Night '' . The film 's trailer opted for the tagline `` The laughs and times of John Belushi '' , paraphrasing the title of Woodward 's book .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b454573028840571611976ae9df969a8", "text": "The Great Moment (1944 film) The Great Moment is a 1944 biographical film written and directed by Preston Sturges . Based on the book Triumph Over Pain ( 1940 ) by René Fülöp-Miller , it tells the story of Dr. William Thomas Green Morton , a 19th-century Boston dentist who discovered the use of ether for general anesthesia . The film stars Joel McCrea and Betty Field , and features Harry Carey , William Demarest , Franklin Pangborn and Porter Hall . The movie was filmed in 1942 but not released for over two years , and the released version differed from what Preston Sturges had wished , although he publicly accepted the film as his own . Paramount Pictures disliked the film Sturges had made , and pulled it from his control , re-titled and re-edited it , in the process making it ( especially in the early segment ) more confusing for the audience to understand . The studio 's released version was marketed in a way that made it appear to be one of Sturges ' comedies . The film was not well received by the critics or the public , and marked the end of a sustained run of success for Sturges , who had already left Paramount by the time the film was released . Although rarely seen today , the film is worth viewing for its flashback structure -- comparable in some ways to Citizen Kane , which was influenced by the earlier film The Power and the Glory , for which Sturges wrote the screenplay -- and for its irreverent and subtly satirical tone , unusual for a time when most Hollywood biopics were over-inflated and sentimental . In 2003 a medical-dental historian in a lengthy analysis of the movie and its history -- which cited its flashback structure , timeless subject , injections of humor , and `` un-Pasteur-like '' treatment of its protagonist , while adhering reasonably well to the historical record -- concluded that `` The Great Moment may now be due for a general reevaluation by movie historians and critics who , like most folks , have never felt much affection for dentists past and present . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01ac3b808a820d20835904723044fd38", "text": "28 Days (film) 28 Days is a 2000 American comedy-drama film directed by Betty Thomas . Sandra Bullock plays Gwen Cummings , a newspaper columnist obliged to enter rehabilitation for alcoholism . The film costars Viggo Mortensen , Dominic West , Elizabeth Perkins , Steve Buscemi , and Diane Ladd .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "402b2ba49c08618310132b7532d1a2be", "text": "Entity (2012 film) Entity is a 2012 British supernatural thriller film written and directed by Steve Stone . The film had its world premiere on 25 October 2012 , at the Bram Stoker International Film Festival . It stars Dervla Kirwan , Charlotte Riley , and Branko Tomovic and centers upon a British reality show film crew that encounters a dark entity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6dfef7935bd1fb452849d44a47c997ae", "text": "Bring It On: In It to Win It Bring It On : In It to Win It is a 2007 teen film directed by Steve Rash and starring Ashley Benson , Cassie Scerbo and Michael Copon . It is the fourth film in the Bring It On franchise , which focuses on competitive cheerleading . It was shot at Universal Orlando Resort in Orlando , United States . It was released direct-to-video on December 18 , 2007 . There are no recurring cast members or canonical references to its predecessors . Only Steve Rash , who also directed the previous film , Bring It On : All or Nothing , returned to direct this film . The film stylistically refers to its predecessors in that it opens with a choreographed routine that turns out to be a dream sequence of the protagonist and the end credits feature outtakes and clips of the cast having fun dancing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "856361cd31b90d961aa28a63286f98b8", "text": "Joe Bob Goes to the Drive In Joe Bob Goes to the Drive In is the first book by John Bloom under the pen name Joe Bob Briggs . It consists of his movie reviews written between 1982 and 1985 . Joe Bob was Bloom 's satirical creation , allowing him to spoof stereotypical `` redneck '' Texan values while giving genuine praise to schlock films . It was not widely known until he was fired in 1985 that Briggs was not , in fact , a real person . Joe Bob exclusively viewed movies in drive-ins , in his Oldsmobile Toronado with any one of several girlfriends . According to his column , he has four ex-wives , and is always on the lookout for `` ex-wife number five '' . An entire fictional cast of characters popped up over the period of the column , who would often be mentioned in the story along with the movie reviews . The entire book is made up of columns and shorter segments called `` Joe Bob 's Mailbag , '' when Joe Bob writes back to his fans , and often his critics . The only two people who actually appear in the first person are Joe Bob and Stephen King , who saw several of his books made into movies during that period and actually wrote the introduction to the book when it was compiled and published in 1987 . Joe Bob/Bloom lived in Texas during the duration of both this book and its sequel , Joe Bob Goes Back to the Drive In . At first his column appeared solely in The Dallas Times-Herald , but was eventually syndicated before Joe Bob was dropped completely . This event actually signals the end of the book , when Joe Bob states that he had been ` killed ' . Category : Books about film", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de4768b24a6f1ca7d782aa14997d00a5", "text": "American Gigolo American Gigolo is a 1980 American romantic crime film written and directed by Paul Schrader , and starring Richard Gere , Lauren Hutton , Hector Elizondo , Nina Van Pallandt and Bill Duke . It tells the story of Julian Kaye , a high-price male escort in Los Angeles who becomes romantically involved with a prominent politician 's wife while simultaneously becoming the prime suspect in a murder case . The film is notable for establishing Gere as a leading man , and was one of the first mainstream Hollywood films to include frontal male nudity from its main star . It is also notable for its accompanying soundtrack , composed by Giorgio Moroder and featuring the number-one hit single `` Call Me '' by Blondie . Schrader considers it one of four similar films , which he calls `` double bookends '' : Taxi Driver , bookended by Light Sleeper , and American Gigolo bookended by The Walker .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "794a9510f5d16ba9012be102fce707a3", "text": "Willie Nelson Willie Hugh Nelson ( born April 29 , 1933 ) is an American musician , singer , songwriter , author , poet , actor , and activist . The critical success of the album Shotgun Willie ( 1973 ) , combined with the critical and commercial success of Red Headed Stranger ( 1975 ) and Stardust ( 1978 ) , made Nelson one of the most recognized artists in country music . He was one of the main figures of outlaw country , a subgenre of country music that developed in the late 1960s as a reaction to the conservative restrictions of the Nashville sound . Nelson has acted in over 30 films , co-authored several books , and has been involved in activism for the use of biofuels and the legalization of marijuana . Born during the Great Depression , and raised by his grandparents , Nelson wrote his first song at age seven and joined his first band at ten . During high school , he toured locally with the Bohemian Polka as their lead singer and guitar player . After graduating from high school in 1950 , he joined the Air Force but was later discharged due to back problems . After his return , Nelson attended Baylor University for two years but dropped out because he was succeeding in music . During this time , he worked as a disc jockey in Texas radio stations and a singer in honky-tonks . Nelson moved to Vancouver , Washington , where he wrote `` Family Bible '' and recorded the song `` Lumberjack '' in 1956 . In 1958 , he moved to Houston , Texas , after signing a contract with D Records . He sang at the Esquire Ballroom weekly and he worked as a disk jockey . During that time , he wrote songs that would become country standards , including `` Funny How Time Slips Away '' , `` Hello Walls '' , `` Pretty Paper '' , and `` Crazy '' . In 1960 he moved to Nashville , Tennessee , and later signed a publishing contract with Pamper Music which allowed him to join Ray Price 's band as a bassist . In 1962 , he recorded his first album , ... And Then I Wrote . Due to this success , Nelson signed in 1964 with RCA Victor and joined the Grand Ole Opry the following year . After mid-chart hits in the late 1960s and the early 1970s , Nelson retired in 1972 and moved to Austin , Texas . The ongoing music scene of Austin motivated Nelson to return from retirement , performing frequently at the Armadillo World Headquarters . In 1973 , after signing with Atlantic Records , Nelson turned to outlaw country , including albums such as Shotgun Willie and Phases and Stages . In 1975 , he switched to Columbia Records , where he recorded the critically acclaimed album Red Headed Stranger . The same year , he recorded another outlaw country album , Wanted ! The Outlaws , along with Waylon Jennings , Jessi Colter , and Tompall Glaser . During the mid-1980s , while creating hit albums like Honeysuckle Rose and recording hit songs like `` On the Road Again '' , `` To All the Girls I 've Loved Before '' , and `` Pancho and Lefty '' , he joined the country supergroup The Highwaymen , along with fellow singers Johnny Cash , Waylon Jennings , and Kris Kristofferson . In 1990 , Nelson 's assets were seized by the Internal Revenue Service , which claimed that he owed . The difficulty of paying his outstanding debt was aggravated by weak investments he had made during the 1980s . In 1992 , Nelson released The IRS Tapes : Who 'll Buy My Memories ? ; the profits of the double album -- destined to the IRS -- and the auction of Nelson 's assets cleared his debt . During the 1990s and 2000s , Nelson continued touring extensively , and released albums every year . Reviews ranged from positive to mixed . He explored genres such as reggae , blues , jazz , and folk . Nelson made his first movie appearance in the 1979 film The Electric Horseman , followed by other appearances in movies and on television . Nelson is a major liberal activist and the co-chair of the advisory board of the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws ( NORML ) , which is in favor of marijuana legalization . On the environmental front , Nelson owns the bio-diesel brand Willie Nelson Biodiesel , which is made from vegetable oil . Nelson is also the honorary chairman of the Advisory Board of the Texas Music Project , the official music charity of the state of Texas .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ba2c0178b3513da8240e6b9e385bcbcd", "text": "Willie Harper Willie Miles Harper ( born July 30 , 1950 ) is a former American Football linebacker who played for the San Francisco 49ers . Harper played high school football for Toledo Scott and college football at University of Nebraska where he was an All-American in 1972 and was drafted in the second round of the 1973 NFL Draft by the 49ers , who he stayed with for eleven years , from 1973 to 1983 . He moved to the USFL in 1984 to play for the New Jersey Generals . He finished his career with the Houston Gamblers in 1985 . His son , Josh Harper , played college football at Fresno State University .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15ab61a5ba80dbee4fdad0294cee22e6", "text": "Spike Nelson Emerson William `` Spike '' Nelson ( April 2 , 1906 -- October 20 , 1998 ) was an American football player and coach . He served as the head football coach at Mississippi State College , now Mississippi State University , in 1938 and at Yale University in 1941 , compiling a career college football record of 5 -- 13 . He played college football as a tackle at the University of Iowa and was selected as a first-team tackle by the New York Sun on its 1926 College Football All-America Team . He was also selected as a second-team All-American by the Associated Press and Central Press .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d4fa3add16186fef7c663cb15df2997", "text": "Wayne Nelson Wayne Nelson ( born June 1 , 1950 in Kansas City , Missouri ) is an American singer and musician best known for being a member of the rock band Little River Band .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "51e47adb33edafb54fec54e5a4875ad3", "text": "Keith Nelson (basketball) Keith Nelson ( born ) is an American former basketball player who is best known for his collegiate career . After spending his first two seasons playing at a junior college , Nelson took his game to the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga ( Chattanooga ) in the fall of 1990 . He spent two seasons playing at the Southern Conference school , an NCAA Division I institution . In just two seasons he scored 1,047 points , led the Mocs in scoring and rebounding both seasons , and was named the conference co-player of the year as a senior . Nelson , a center , was also a two-time First Team All-SoCon performer who guided Chattanooga to back-to-back co-SoCon regular season championships . His career 9.2 rebounds per game average is tops all-time in school history . In 2004 , the university inducted him into their athletics hall of fame .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65c09bcd8238e6db17652fd58691a19c", "text": "Hard Times on Easy Street Hard Times on Easy Street is a 1987 album by country singer David Lynn Jones . It was his first release . Willie Nelson 's version of `` Living in the Promiseland '' was a number one hit in 1986 . `` High Ridin ' Heroes '' is a duet with Waylon Jennings . The album produced four singles : `` Bonnie Jean ( Little Sister ) '' , `` High Ridin ' Heroes '' , `` The Rogue '' , and `` Tonight in America '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77de2d5ff5c5d90f6cd8676517919ab9", "text": "W. B. Ray High School W. B. Ray High School is a 5A secondary school centrally located in Corpus Christi , Texas and is part of the Corpus Christi Independent School District . The school is named in honor of CCISD school board president , William Benton Ray . W. B. Ray High School opened in 1950 . Ray High School is particular noted for its Socratic method , a system based on teacher and student interaction , that promulgates discussion and inquiry-based learning in the classroom . W. B. Ray High School one of 46 high schools in Texas designated as a World School by the International Baccalaureate Program . W. B. Ray High School is the only high school in CCISD which offers the International Baccalaureate Program and is CCISD 's only program for Gifted and Talented students at the High School level , offering higher level academic courses that surpass Honors and AP courses in both rigor and difficulty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0a244895c18ca7a26d204dc08134fc0", "text": "1950 Tennessee Volunteers football team The 1950 Tennessee Volunteers football team represented the University of Tennessee in the 1950 season . Led by head coach Robert Neyland , the Volunteers lost only one game , a 7 -- 0 upset at Mississippi State in the second game of the season . The Vols handed # 3 Kentucky , coached by Bear Bryant , its only loss and defeated # 2 Texas in the en route to an 11 -- 1 record . Big Seven champion Oklahoma finished the regular season 10 -- 0 and was named national champions by the AP Poll , but lost to Kentucky , who Tennessee earlier defeated , in the Sugar Bowl . Tennessee was the only top five team that year to win their bowl game . Thus , Tennessee was voted national champions by a preponderance of selectors , with 18 to Oklahoma 's 11 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58b90fbfa4092bc1f77503b0052e2dc1", "text": "Frank W. Cox High School Frank W. Cox High School is a secondary school located in the Great Neck subdivision of Virginia Beach , Virginia . It was founded in 1961 as the Northeast Junior High School , but upon opening , it was named after a former superintendent of Virginia Beach City Public Schools , Frank Woodard Cox , who led the school division from 1933 to 1968 . A replacement building , also designated as a primary hurricane shelter , was built nearby , at 2425 Shorehaven Drive . The high school was moved into the new building in the fall of 1983 . The original building at 1848 N. Great Neck Road became Great Neck Junior High and then Great Neck Middle School . The original building was demolished in 2012 . The current administration at Cox includes former principal of Kemps Landing Magnet School and Lynnhaven Middle School , Dr. Randi R. Riesbeck .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "564b76c3bbdfeb3cc886be9ef7eb2ee1", "text": "Conway High School (Arkansas) Conway High School is a comprehensive public school in Conway , Arkansas , United States . Conway High School serves over 2,000 students and is administered by the Conway School District . The school has been nationally recognized as a Blue Ribbon School of Excellence and since 1953 has won at least 33 state championships in interscholastic sports .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31ad1dcb27a4ce590d7e54d26b3dcbc2", "text": "Mary G. Montgomery High School Mary Gillen Montgomery High School is located in Semmes , an incorporated suburb of Mobile in Mobile County , Alabama , United States . Founded in 1965 , the school is part of the Mobile County Public School System , and is one of the largest of the county 's 18 public high schools . Due to its long official name , the school is affectionately known as `` MGM , '' `` Mary G , '' `` Mary Montgomery , '' or `` Montgomery High . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df6bfe05dd52b8d1e30a4779e70f5cb1", "text": "Mill Creek High School Mill Creek High School is a high school in Hoschton , Georgia , United States . It serves the unincorporated area of Hamilton Mill , Gwinnett County , a suburb of Atlanta , as well as Braselton . It also serves unincorporated areas ( not city limits ) such as zip codes 30548 , 30019 , 30542 , 30517 and 30519 . It has 3,997 students , and the most recent attendance counts have named it the largest school in Georgia . It is fed by Frank N. Osborne Middle School and Glenn C. Jones Middle School . Mill Creek was named for the 4th consecutive year as one of the schools in the top 5 % in the country with regard to academics and test results . The school 's motto ( `` the vision '' ) is , `` By creating a culture of excellence through the development of character , academics , talents , leadership , and service , Mill Creek Hawks S.O.A.R ( Strive to Overachieve through Accountability and Respect ) . In August 2004 , Mill Creek opened with 2,500 students . It now enrolls a little under 4,000 students , and 292 staff members . It has 53 trailers around the school to provide enough space for its many students . Mill Creek has over 100 student clubs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "552dcd84ebe20e05e4503185ed0dbf9c", "text": "Edna Gallmon Cooke Madame Edna Gallmon Cooke ( 1918 - September 4 , 1967 ) was a renowned gospel singer and recording artist from 1949 until her death in 1967 . Personal information about Ms. Cooke is scarce and most of her biographical details have been gleaned from the liner notes of her various albums . Ms. Gallmon Cooke is best known for her recordings of `` Stop Gambler '' and `` Heavy Load '' . Born in Columbia , South Carolina in 1918 , the daughter of a Baptist preacher , Reverend Eddie J. Gallmon also a former pastor at Bethlehem Baptist Church ( College place ) . Edna Gallmon Cooke was more formally educated and musically trained than most of her gospel peers . As a young adult , she lived and studied in Washington D.C. and Philadelphia , attending Temple University and briefly teaching elementary school . She had contemplated a career in semi-classics and show tunes when she underwent a musical conversion of sorts after hearing gospel singer , Willie Mae Ford Smith in the late 1930s . `` I was shocked . The woman sang with such finesse ... I knew I had to be a gospel singer . '' Shortly after , Ms. Gallmon Cooke joined the Holiness Church and became preeminently consecrated -- with the Holiness Church bestowing the honorific ` Madame ' to her name to announce her devotion . During the 1940s , Madame Gallmon Cooke toured the Southeast , billed as the `` Sweetheart of the Potomac '' . She performed hymns and gospel songs in the manner of Willie Mae Ford Smith , but her mezzo-soprano could not duplicate Smith 's contralto blasts . Elaborating on that style , Gallmon Cooke returned to familiar sources , popularizing the sermonettes and spirituals her father Eddie Gallmon had performed in the 1920s . Madame Gallmon Cooke became a `` transcendent moaner and a mistress of what note-bending musicologists call melisma and church folks call curlicues , runs and flowers and frills . '' Ms. Cooke began recording in the late 1940s for the Nashboro Recording Label in Nashville , TN usually accompanied by her father 's choir , The Young People 's Choir of the Springfield Baptist Church of Washington , DC . Her later recordings included male vocal groups . Madame Gallmon Cooke 's commanding switch in styles occurred after her marriage to Barney Parks , Jr. , a former member of The Dixie Hummingbirds and a founder of The Sensational Nightingales . They had met in 1951 when Marie Knight , Rosetta Tharpe 's old partner , organized a tour featuring herself , Cooke , and The Nightingales . Under Park 's management and direction , Madame Edna Gallmon Cooke became a household name in gospel . It is suspected that the name Cooke was from her first marriage which ended because of the death of her husband . The liner notes to `` Mother Smith and Her Children '' describes Madame Cooke as `` an exquisite stylist , with a sensuous appeal akin to Billie Holiday . She is referred to as rap music 's gospel progenitor ; a penchant for rhymed , spoken chants produced her most famous recordings . '' Ms. Cooke died in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania on September 4 , 1967 . She was 49 years old .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dfc082ef3f1f0ca8982783bc254b5fdf", "text": "Family (Willie Nelson's band) The Family is Willie Nelson 's touring and recording group . Nelson , who did not manage through the 1960s to succeed as a singer , retired after the failure of his 1971 album Yesterday 's Wine . The following year , he returned from retirement rejuvenated by the burgeoning music movement of Austin , Texas . In 1973 , he formed a new backing band . The new lineup consisted of some of the members of his old road band `` The Record Men , '' with the addition of new members . The original lineup included his sister , Bobbie , on the piano ; drummer Paul English ; harmonicist Mickey Raphael ; bassist Bee Spears ; and guitarist Jody Payne . The current lineup includes all the members but Jody Payne , who retired in 2008 , and Bee Spears , who died in 2011 . Billy English joined in 2010 to help his brother Paul after he suffered a stroke the same year . Replacing Spears , Kevin Smith joined the band in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d382b0499e9058795429eca5546f5d83", "text": "Brockton High School Brockton High School , established in 1870 , is a high school located in Brockton , Massachusetts . It is a part of Brockton Public Schools . As of 2016 Brockton High School , with 4,250 students , is one of the largest high schools in the United States and the largest high school in Massachusetts . Although widely stated by locals to be the largest high school East of the Mississippi River , it is in fact false , as this title is currently held by Brooklyn Technical High School in New York City . Brockton High School 's colors are Black & Red and their mascot is the Boxers , which is a reference to the storied boxing history of the city , and also a tribute to hall-of-fame boxers Rocky Marciano and Marvin Hagler , who are both from Brockton and alumni of Brockton High School .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd5e832443a3b5a07774b0751d096061", "text": "Collector's Series (Willie Nelson album) Collector 's Series is a 1985 compilation album by country singer Willie Nelson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a054f817a3a20227c11134797c3aec93", "text": "Family Bible (song) `` Family Bible '' is a song written by country music singer-songwriter Willie Nelson . Nelson began writing the song in 1957 , while he enjoyed success as a disc jockey in KVAN , in Vancouver , Washington . After being denied a raise by the station , he moved to Houston , Texas . Due to financial issues he sold the song to Paul Buskirk . Upon purchasing the song , Buskirk took it to singer Claude Gray . Gray 's recording of the song reached number seven on Billboard 's Hot Country Singles . Fueled by the success of the record , Nelson moved to Nashville , Tennessee , where he enjoyed recognition for writing the song . It became part of Nelson 's live performance set , and he recorded it for the first time himself for his 1971 album Yesterday 's Wine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "216ac6cf674870de8952349d79837690", "text": "Hastings High School (Minnesota) Hastings Senior High School is one of the oldest operating public high schools in the state of Minnesota . Hastings Senior High School is located in Hastings , Minnesota and is part of Independent School District 200 . A brand new multimillion-dollar school was established in 2001 , upon which a new vision took place for the education of Hastings ' students . The construction of the new school was centered on a bridge connecting the athletic portion of the school to the academic . Not only does this bridge show the important connection between academics and athletics at Hastings , it also holds a metaphorical meaning according to the school 's website : `` Hastings High School is a student-centered environment , a bridge connecting students to other students , and students to teachers , staff and administrators '' . Hastings High School has a strong connection to the community and reflects its unique heritage and tradition of progress '' Hastings High school is known for its strong music program , a freshmen orientation program titled `` Link Crew '' , athletics , National Honor Society , and service to the community in which it is established . Hastings High School is also known for their national placing show choir , Riverside Company . Hastings also has an incredible special education program in the school and works with students of all abilities . The school 's philosophy is revolved around a liberal arts education where students must take core classes to fulfill graduation requirements including English , social studies , mathematics , sciences , languages , and the arts , but students can also choose from a variety of business , physical education , horticulture , family studies , and industrial technology classes . Hastings enrolls about 1,800 students grades 9-12 and has a graduation rate of 97 percent . Hastings Senior High School is 354,000 square feet and is positioned on 100 + acres in the bluffs near the Mississippi River . Hastings Senior High School ( MN ) is home to the oldest , active alumni association in the country , hosting its 131st annual meeting in 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0b8b07148fdd1ecccf82109390cd45d", "text": "Lovington High School Lovington High School is the public senior high school of Lovington , New Mexico . Its colors are Royal Blue and White and their mascot is a Wildcat .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5ecd5bd435bfa9208e9a483d07f4520", "text": "VH1 Storytellers: Johnny Cash & Willie Nelson VH1 Storytellers is the 83rd overall album and is a live album by Johnny Cash and Willie Nelson , released in 1998 ( see 1998 in music ) on American Recordings . The album was produced by Rick Rubin and was the third record released as part of Cash 's ten-year period of collaboration with Rubin . It is not , however , counted as part of the American Recordings series , which is reserved for Cash 's studio work with Rubin . Cash and Nelson take turns on songs associated with each respective artist , usually with the other performing harmony or occasionally verses . The opening track is a duet with Cash and Nelson , and some tracks feature guitar solos by Nelson . Between tracks , Cash and Nelson joke with each other and discuss the songs and their origins . This was the final album of new performances released by Cash prior to the onset of health problems that forced him to curtail live concerts also led to changes in the timbre of his voice that were noticeable from American III : Solitary Man ( his next album release of new recordings issued in 2000 ) onwards . It was also Cash 's final purpose-recorded live album to be released during his lifetime , though an archival recording , Johnny Cash at Madison Square Garden , recorded in 1969 , would be issued a year before his death .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "600011f9ebcde260fb6ddfed172287df", "text": "Jim Nelson (baseball) James Lorin Nelson ( July 4 , 1947 -- August 22 , 2004 ) was an American right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball for the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1970 and 1971 . Nelson was born in Birmingham , Alabama . The Pirates selected him in the 31st round of the 1965 amateur draft . His debut for the Pirates on May 30 , 1970 was memorable . He relieved Gene Garber in the fifth inning of a game at Forbes Field against the San Francisco Giants , struck out Willie Mays , and got Willie McCovey to hit into a double play ; he finished that appearance with three perfect innings pitched and four strikeouts , and hit a single in his only plate appearance . Nelson started his career with a 4-0 record for the Pirates in 1970 , a feat not equaled by a Pirates starting pitcher until Zach Duke in 2005 . Nelson also was the last Pirate pitcher to win his first 3 career starts until Gerrit Cole matched the feat in 2013 . Nelson also was the starting and winning pitcher in the final game played at Forbes Field on June 28 , 1970 . He commented on the fans ' frenzy at the end of that game : `` After the game , the fans stormed the field and took everything , grass , bases , numbers off the scoreboard . I even saw some old ladies with parts of chairs . It was a real scene . '' Nelson appeared in 15 games for the Pirates in 1970 and 17 games in 1971 , both as a starter and a reliever . He struggled with control in 1971 , walking 26 batters in 34 innings . In July , he was demoted to the minor leagues , but refused to report to his minor-league team . Although his teammates voted him a half-share of their 1971 World Series money , Pirates management did not award him a World Series ring . He underwent rotator cuff surgery and never returned to the majors . Nelson was a good-hitting pitcher , with 7 hits in 26 career at bats for a batting average of .269 . After retiring from baseball , Nelson became a produce salesman . He died unexpectedly at his Sacramento , California home at age 57 in 2004 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "fcea13d081cb60384ccb3b7a50800e97", "text": "Slovenia Slovenia ( -LSB- sloʊˈviːniə , _ slə - , _ - njə -RSB- ; Slovenija -LSB- slɔˈʋéːnija -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Slovenia ( Slovene : , abbr. : RS ) , is a nation state in southern Central Europe , located at the crossroads of main European cultural and trade routes . It is bordered by Italy to the west , Austria to the north , Hungary to the northeast , Croatia to the south and southeast , and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest . It covers 20,273 km2 and has a population of 2.06 million . It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations , European Union , and NATO . The capital and largest city is Ljubljana . The territory is mostly mountainous with a mainly continental climate , with the exception of the Slovene Littoral that has a sub-Mediterranean climate and the north-western area that has an Alpine climate . Additionally , the Dinaric Alps and the Pannonian Plain meet on the territory of Slovenia . The country , marked by a significant biological diversity , is one of the most water-rich in Europe , with a dense river network , a rich aquifer system , and significant karst underground watercourses . Over half of the territory is covered by forest . The human settlement of Slovenia is dispersed and uneven . Slovenia has historically been the crossroads of South Slavic , Germanic , Romance , and Hungarian languages and culture . Although the population is not homogeneous , the majority is Slovene . South Slavic language Slovene is the official language throughout the country . Slovenia is a largely secularized country , but its culture and identity have been significantly influenced by Catholicism as well as Lutheranism . The economy of Slovenia is small , open , and export-oriented and has been strongly influenced by international conditions . It has been severely hurt by the Eurozone crisis , started in the late 2000s . The main economic field is services , followed by industry and construction . Historically , the current territory of Slovenia was part of many different state formations , including the Roman Empire and the Holy Roman Empire , followed by the Habsburg Monarchy . In October 1918 , the Slovenes exercised self-determination for the first time by co-founding the State of Slovenes , Croats and Serbs . In December 1918 , they merged with the Kingdom of Serbia into the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes ( renamed Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929 ) . During World War II , Slovenia was occupied and annexed by Germany , Italy , and Hungary , with a tiny area transferred to the Independent State of Croatia , a Nazi puppet state . Afterward , it was a founding member of the Federal People 's Republic of Yugoslavia , later renamed the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia , a communist state which was the only country in the Eastern Bloc which was never part of the Warsaw Pact . In June 1991 , after the introduction of multi-party representative democracy , Slovenia split from Yugoslavia and became an independent country . In 2004 , it entered NATO and the European Union ; in 2007 became the first formerly communist country to join the Eurozone ; and in 2010 joined the OECD , a global association of high-income developed countries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "352d300869f61a43056ccd4f5d316e53", "text": "Eurozone The eurozone , officially called the euro area , is a monetary union of 19 of the 28 European Union ( EU ) member states which have adopted the euro as their common currency and sole legal tender . The monetary authority of the eurozone is the Eurosystem . The other nine members of the European Union continue to use their own national currencies , although most of them are obliged to adopt the euro in future . The eurozone consists of Austria , Belgium , Cyprus , Estonia , Finland , France , Germany , Greece , Ireland , Italy , Latvia , Lithuania , Luxembourg , Malta , the Netherlands , Portugal , Slovakia , Slovenia , and Spain . Other EU states ( except for Denmark and the United Kingdom ) are obliged to join once they meet the criteria to do so . No state has left , and there are no provisions to do so or to be expelled . Andorra , Monaco , San Marino , and Vatican City have formal agreements with the EU to use the euro as their official currency and issue their own coins . Kosovo and Montenegro have adopted the euro unilaterally , but these countries do not officially form part of the eurozone and do not have representation in the European Central Bank ( ECB ) or in the Eurogroup . The ECB , which is governed by a president and a board of the heads of national central banks , sets the monetary policy of the zone . The principal task of the ECB is to keep inflation under control . Though there is no common representation , governance or fiscal policy for the currency union , some co-operation does take place through the Eurogroup , which makes political decisions regarding the eurozone and the euro . The Eurogroup is composed of the finance ministers of eurozone states , but in emergencies , national leaders also form the Eurogroup . Since the financial crisis of 2007 -- 08 , the eurozone has established and used provisions for granting emergency loans to member states in return for the enactment of economic reforms . The eurozone has also enacted some limited fiscal integration , for example in peer review of each other 's national budgets . The issue is political and in a state of flux in terms of what further provisions will be agreed for eurozone change .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "601f43f8cce5ec99068a168fd498a8c6", "text": "Law enforcement in Slovenia Law enforcement in Slovenia is governed by the Slovenian Ministry of Internal Affairs and is the responsibility of the Slovenian National Police force , which is composed of the 8 police directorates in Celje , Koper , Kranj , Ljubljana , Maribor , Murska Sobota , Nova Gorica , and Novo Mesto . The police force maintains a number of international partnerships with foreign police forces , including training with the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation , and involvement in Albania and Kosovo with the Multinational Advisory Police Element . The Slovenian police force was admitted to Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe on 24 March 1992 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e51a1f318db26e0dde89efc084acb0a2", "text": "Banknotes of the British Armed Forces The British Armed Forces issued their own banknotes between 1946 and 1972 . Since 2003 , they have issued their own small change tokens nicknamed pogs by the Squaddies , after the children 's game popular in the early 1990s . At the end of the war in Europe in 1945 , France , Britain , United States and Russia agreed at the Potsdam Conference to split Germany into four occupation zones . The British area was occupied by the 21st Army Group that was collectively known as the British Army of the Rhine ( BAOR ) . The Allies ' job was challenging . They had to disband and disarm the German fighting machine , reassemble the country 's basic infrastructure , and cope with population on the brink of starvation . To this end the BAOR operated as a country within a country , requiring a monetary system that functioned to serve the needs of the occupying forces . However , a problem soon emerged ; goods intended for the troops were being sold to a thriving black market among the local population at highly inflated prices . Millions of pounds sterling were being lost by the taxpayers of Britain . A series of stopgap measures slowed , but did not stop the problem . It was decided in March 1946 that special military voucher system was needed . Historically , soldiers serving overseas had been paid in local currency rather than in their `` home '' currency , most cash drawn by soldiers would go directly into the local economy , and in a damaged economy the effects of a hard currency such as the # circulating freely alongside weaker local currencies could be severely problematic , risking severe inflation . There were other problems as well ; once # were circulating in a combat region , the opposing side could freely use its own stocks of # as currency , or acquire stocks for use elsewhere to support their war effort . The high purchasing power of the # and its easy transference back to Britain also posed a significant incentive to the black marketers . However , whilst the use of local currencies was effective where they were provided in cooperation with the local authorities , it was impractical in combat zones where the government might be either hostile , deliberately ambivalent , or simply non-existent . In these cases , the military authorities issued special `` military currency '' , which was paid out to soldiers at a fixed rate of exchange and simply declared legal tender in occupied areas by local commanders . After a remarkably brief period of preparation , the first series of 52,400,000 British Armed Forces Special Vouchers ( BAFSV ) , valued at just over 10 million pounds sterling were printed by Thomas De La Rue and officially issued on August 1 , 1946 . In due course the ingenuity of the local population and the troops largely circumvented the intention of the first issue BAFSV 's to slow black market activities . By mid 1947 it was decided , under a cloak of secrecy , to prepare a new issue to replace the first , then immediately demonetize the first to limit the conversion of illicitly-gained first series vouchers . This scheme was carried out on January 6 , 1948 , when the second issue was released . The third series was printed in 1948 by J. Waddington Ltd , but were not issued until 1956 for use during the Suez Canal Crisis . This situation was quickly resolved over a two-month period and those notes withdrawn . The fourth issue was originally discussed in 1952 but were not ordered until the heating up of the cold war and the lack of a backup series prompted the British War Office in 1962 to design not only a fourth , but also a fifth series . A new printer , Bradbury Wilkinson , was chosen for the job of producing these next two series : The fourth series was printed , but never issued , and according to all records , the fifth series was never printed . The sixth series , together with the 1 and 5 pound notes of the second series , were used in Berlin up to December 31 , 1979 , when they were finally withdrawn . On February 14 , 1991 , The Ministry of Defence auctioned off their stock of 17 million uncirculated vouchers from the 2nd , 3rd , 4th and 6th series to a consortium of dealers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93a869924a001d9bbcf18f80fd64a931", "text": "Sostro Sostro ( -LSB- ˈsoːstɾɔ -RSB- ; Sostru ) is a formerly independent settlement in the eastern part of the capital Ljubljana in central Slovenia . It was part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region . In addition to the main settlement , Sostro includes the hamlet of Betežica , located to the northeast along Betežčica Creek , and the hamlet of Glastavci in the wooded hills above Betežica . Sostro is also the source of the name of the Sostro District ( Četrtna skupnost Sostro ) , the largest district of the capital .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "901eb81a84eea3b7e1811412219131c2", "text": "National symbols of Slovenia The National symbols of Slovenia are the symbols used in Slovenia and abroad to represent the nation and its people .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac9ef789f48641cc8e81f2a1dd2c702c", "text": "List of companies of Austria Austria is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.7 million people in Central Europe . It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north , Hungary and Slovakia to the east , Slovenia and Italy to the south , and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west . The territory of Austria covers 83879 km2 . Austria is the 12th richest country in the world in terms of GDP ( Gross domestic product ) per capita , has a well-developed social market economy , and a high standard of living . Until the 1980s , many of Austria 's largest industry firms were nationalised ; in recent years , however , privatisation has reduced state holdings to a level comparable to other European economies . Labour movements are particularly strong in Austria and have large influence on labour politics . Next to a highly developed industry , international tourism is the most important part of the national economy . For further information on the types of business entities in this country and their abbreviations , see `` Business entities in Austria '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "858cd250f987a57cf64fe8cb73ab77ef", "text": "National Council (Slovenia) The National Council ( Državni svet ) is according to the Constitution of Slovenia the representative of social , economic , professional and local interest groups in Slovenia and has a legislative function working as a corrective mechanism of the National Assembly , although it does not itself pass acts . It may be regarded as the upper house , but the bicameralism is distinctively incomplete . The council has 40 members : 22 representatives of local interests , six representatives of non-commercial activities , four representatives of employers , four of employees and four representatives of farmers , crafts , trades and independent professionals . It is not elected directly by the population , but meant to represent different interest groups in the country . The councillors are elected for a five-year term . The current President of the National Council is Mitja Bervar from 12 December 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "80616f437235104d0233dd49ef2154d5", "text": "Community Exchange System The Community Exchange System ( CES ) is an Internet-based trading network which allows participants to buy and sell goods and services without using a national currency . While the relatively new system can be used as an alternative to traditional currencies such as the dollar or Euro or South African rand , the Community Exchange System is a complementary currency in the sense that it functions alongside established currencies . It is international in scope . It does not have printed money or coins but uses computer technology to serve as an `` online money and banking system '' or alternative exchange system and as a marketplace . It is an advance from an arrangement in which either one good or service is exchanged for another good or service , or commonly called barter , since it uses a digital unit of value . While there are reports that the system is growing , in 2011 the system handles only a tiny fraction of international world commercial activity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72e30e357319490841450fce362872d0", "text": "1 euro coin The 1 euro coin is a euro coin with a value of one euro ( $ 1 ) . It is made of two alloys : the inner part of cupronickel , the outer part of nickel brass . All coins have a common reverse side and country-specific national sides . The coin has been used since 2002 , with the present common side design dating from 2007 . As of July 2015 , there were approximately 6.7 billion one euro coins in circulation , constituting 26.4 % of all circulated euro coins by value and 5.9 % by quantity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e5a41aedcc51c01449f6f34e1205cdd", "text": "Rail transport in Slovakia Rail transport in Slovakia began on 21 September 1840 , with the opening of the first horse-powered line from Bratislava to Svätý Jur ( at that time in Kingdom of Hungary ) . The first steam-powered line , from Bratislava to Vienna , opened on 20 August 1848 . The modern Železnice Slovenskej republiky company was established in 1993 as a successor of the Československé státní drahy in Slovakia . Until 1996 it had formal monopoly on railroad transportation in the country , which remained a de facto monopoly until the advent of private operators entering the network in the early 2010s . Private passenger service operators include RegioJet , which operate trains between Prague ( Czech Republic ) and Košice , Žilina and Košice , Žilina and Bratislava and on the Komárno - Dunajská Streda - Bratislava route . There are plans to win more tenders in Slovakia . Since 2002 a law divided the company : ŽSR was left with infrastructure maintenance and passenger and cargo transport was moved into company '' Železničná spoločnosť , a. s. '' ( ZSSK ) . In 2005 this new company was further split into '' Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko , a. s. '' ( ZSSK ) providing Passenger transport services and '' Železničná spoločnosť Cargo Slovakia , a. s. '' ( ZSSK Cargo ) providing cargo services . Freight transport is operated by ZSCS and around 30 private companies . Slovakia is a member of the International Union of Railways ( UIC ) . The UIC Country Code for Slovakia is 56 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bcc3ddb3468cbfdd94c9e8cd861b0da4", "text": "Stateless nation Stateless nation is a political term for ethnic/national minority that does not possess its own state and is not the majority population in any nation state . The term implies that the group `` should have '' such a state . Members of stateless ethnic groups may be citizens/nationals of the country in which they live , or they may be denied citizenship by that country . Stateless nations are usually not represented as a nation in international sports such as FIFA , Olympics or in international communities such as the United Nations . Nations without state are classified as fourth world nations . Some of the stateless nations have a great heritage and a long tradition of statehood in the past and some were always a stateless nation , which was dominated by another nation for a large part of its history . Stateless nations either are dispersed across a number of states ( for example , the Yoruba people are found in the African states of Nigeria , Benin and Togo ) or form the native population of a province within a larger state ( such as the Uyghur people in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region within the People 's Republic of China ) . Some stateless nations historically had a state , which was absorbed by another ; for example , Tibet 's declaration of independence in 1913 was not recognized , and it was invaded in 1951 by the People 's Republic of China which claims that Tibet is an integral part of China , while the Tibetan government-in-exile maintains that Tibet is an independent state under unlawful occupation . Some ethnic groups were once a stateless nation that later became a nation state ( for example , the nations of the Balkans such as the Croats , Serbs , Bosniaks , Slovenes , Montenegrins , Kosovars and Macedonians were once part of a multinational state of Yugoslavia . Since the breakup of Yugoslavia many nation states were formed ) . Stateless nations can have large population . For example , The Tamils are a stateless nation in South Asia with a population of more than 70 million . They form one of the largest ethnic groups in South India . Governments may respond differently on stateless nations in their states . For example , the suppression of the Tamil people in Sri Lanka led to one of the longest and most violent separatist conflict between 1983 and 2009 . However , a similar ethnic conflict was absent among Tamils in India during this period , because they were peacefully integrated into the federal structure of India . Multiple stateless nations can reside in the same region . For example , Catalans , Basques , Aragonese , Galicians , Asturians , Valencians , Andalusians in Iberian Peninsula or the Brahui , Santhals and Balochs in South Asia . The Romani people are another stateless people . They may be a special case being distributed among numerous countries with no clear homeland ; as a traditionally `` nomadic '' people , the Romani/Roma are a classical `` stateless nation '' without aspiration to sovereign territory . As not all states are nation states , there are a number of ethnic groups who live in a multinational state without being considered `` stateless nations '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "030e0c96165d2758d6a0c8832966a74e", "text": "Athletic Federation of Slovenia The Athletic Federation of Slovenia ( Slovenian Atletska zveza Slovenije ) is the governing body for the sport of athletics in Slovenia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4f02f67723fc27d880e5355a780feed", "text": "List of companies of Slovakia Slovakia is a landlocked country in Central Europe . The capital and largest city is Bratislava . The official language is Slovak . Slovakia is a high-income advanced economy with a very high Human Development Index , a very high standard of living and performs favourably in measurements of civil liberties , press freedom , internet freedom , democratic governance and peacefulness . The country maintains a combination of market economy with universal health care and a comprehensive social security system . The country joined the European Union in 2004 and the Eurozone on 1 January 2009 . Slovakia is also a member of the Schengen Area , NATO , the United Nations , the OECD , the WTO , CERN , the OSCE , the Council of Europe and the Visegrád Group . The Slovak economy is one of the fastest growing economies in Europe and 3rd fastest in eurozone . Its legal tender , the Euro , is the world 's 2nd most traded currency . Although regional income inequality is high , 90 % of citizens own their homes . In 2016 , Slovak citizens had visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 165 countries and territories , ranking the Slovak passport 11th in the world . Slovakia is the world 's biggest per-capita car producer with a total of 1,040,000 cars manufactured in the country in 2016 alone . The car industry represents 43 percent of Slovakia 's industrial output , and a quarter of its exports . For further information on the types of business entities in this country and their abbreviations , see `` Business entities in Slovakia '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6acf4a97e51facb7375d6371d29712ed", "text": "Withdrawal from the Eurozone Withdrawal from the Eurozone denotes the process whereby a Eurozone member-state , whether voluntarily or forcibly , stops using the Euro as its national currency and leaves the Eurozone .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c8dcd0713ac34a3b8c59d7a8ef87ba5", "text": "European Capital of Culture The European Capital of Culture is a city designated by the European Union for a period of one calendar year during which it organises a series of cultural events with a strong European dimension . Preparing a European Capital of Culture can be an opportunity for the city to generate considerable cultural , social and economic benefits and it can help foster urban regeneration , change the city 's image and raise its visibility and profile on an international scale . In 1985 , former actress Melina Mercouri , then Greece 's minister of culture , and her French counterpart Jack Lang came up with the idea of designating an annual Capital of Culture to bring Europeans closer together by highlighting the richness and diversity of European cultures and raising awareness of their common history and values . The Commission of the European Union manages the title and each year the Council of Ministers of the European Union formally designates European Capitals of Culture : more than 40 cities have been designated so far . An international panel of cultural experts is in charge of assessing the proposals of cities for the title according to criteria specified by the European Union . A 2004 study conducted for the European Commission , known as the `` Palmer report '' , demonstrated that the choice of European Capital of Culture served as a catalyst for the cultural development and the transformation of the city . Consequently , the beneficial socio-economic development and impact for the chosen city are now also considered in determining the chosen cities .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c192f91657716ae0e02edf4554823055", "text": "Euro sign The euro sign is the currency sign used for the euro , the official currency of the Eurozone in the European Union ( EU ) . The design was presented to the public by the European Commission on 12 December 1996 . The international three-letter code ( according to ISO standard ISO 4217 ) for the euro is EUR . In Unicode it is encoded at . In English , the sign precedes the value ( for instance , $ 10 , not 10 $ ) . In some styleguides , but not others , the euro sign is unspaced .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09c098e0b6a6d34bec9b606d9ba4f3d8", "text": "Montenegro and the euro Montenegro has no currency of its own . From 1996 the Deutsche Mark was the de facto currency in all private and banking transactions and it was formally adopted as Montenegro 's currency in November 1999 . The mark was replaced by the euro in 2002 without any objections from the European Central Bank ( ECB ) . The European Commission and the ECB have since voiced their discontent over Montenegro 's unilateral use of the euro on several occasions , with Amelia Torres , a spokesperson for the European Commission , saying `` The conditions for the adoption of the euro are clear . That means , first and foremost , to be a member of the EU . '' A statement attached to their Stabilisation and Association Agreement with the EU read : `` unilateral introduction of the euro was not compatible with the Treaty . '' The EU insists on the strict adherence to convergence criteria ( such as spending at least 2 years in the ERMII system ) which are not negotiable before euro adoption , but have not intervened to stop the unilateral use of the euro by Montenegro . The EU has raised concerns of Montenegro 's state debt , which had risen to 57 percent of GDP by 2011 . Officials from the Central Bank of Montenegro have indicated on several occasions that the European institutions do expect them to strictly follow ERM rules , particularly because of their EU accession process . Nikola Fabris , chief economist of the Central Bank of Montenegro , has said that the situation was different when they adopted the euro , and that other states which were considering unilaterally adopting the euro , such as Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina , would face sanctions from the EU and have their accession process suspended if they went ahead . On 17 December 2010 Montenegro was granted candidate status to join the European Union . The issue is expected to be resolved through the negotiations process . The ECB has stated that the implications of unilateral euro adoption `` would be spelled out at the latest in the event of possible negotiations on EU accession . '' Diplomats have suggested that it is unlikely Montenegro will be forced to withdraw the euro from circulation in their country . Radoje Žugić , Montenegro 's Minister of Finance , has stated that `` it would be extremely economically irrational to return to our own currency and then later to again go back to the euro . '' Instead , he hopes that Montenegro will be permitted to keep the euro and has promised `` the government of Montenegro will adopt some certain elements which should fulfil the conditions for further use of the euro , such as adopting fiscal rules . '' Unlike official members of the eurozone , Montenegro does not mint coins and therefore has no distinctive national design .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6e3d159cde1815864c19b6fdd4b5c6f", "text": "Cannabis in Slovenia Cannabis in Slovenia is illegal but decriminalized . While medical marijuana is not allowed , the use of certain cannabinoid drugs is permitted .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8ed77dcf3a8a56fd7babbdc4a2a5a1a", "text": "Continental Europe Continental Europe , also referred to as mainland Europe , or , by Europeans , simply the Continent , is the continuous continent of Europe , excluding surrounding islands . The most common definition of continental Europe excludes continental islands , encompassing the Greek Islands , Cyprus , Malta , Sicily , Sardinia , Corsica , the Balearic Islands , Ireland , Great Britain , the Isle of Man , the Channel Islands , Novaya Zemlya and the Danish archipelago , as well as nearby oceanic islands , including the Canary Islands , Madeira , the Azores , Iceland , the Faroe Islands , and Svalbard . The Scandinavian peninsula is sometimes also excluded , as even though it is technically part of `` mainland Europe '' , the de facto connections to the rest of the continent are across the Baltic Sea or North Sea ( rather than via the lengthy land route that involves travelling to the north of the peninsula where it meets Finland , and then south through north-east Europe ) . The notion of Europe as a geopolitical or cultural term is centred on core Europe ( Kerneuropa ) , the continental territory of the historical Carolingian Empire and the core of Latin Christendom , corresponding to modern France , Italy , Germany ( or German-speaking Europe ) and the Benelux states ( historical Austrasia ) . This historical core of `` Carolingian Europe '' was consciously invoked in the 1950s as the historical ethno-cultural basis for the prospective European integration ( see also Multi-speed Europe ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "83d86e67d26532f79bfb558a5e49d2e1", "text": "Slovak Brotherhood The Slovak Brotherhood or Slovenská pospolitosť is a civil society group in Slovakia . ` Slovenská ' means `` Slovak '' ; ` pospolitosť ' is a rather archaic word meaning `` solidarity '' or `` community '' or `` togetherness '' . The group has been characterised as `` extremist . '' Slovenská pospolitosť was formed in 1996 to bring together sections of the local far right population and place them under the leadership of more astute ideologues . The group has links to the International Third Position and has posted details of its activities on their websites . The movement has come under increasing pressure from the government of Slovakia in 2005 , to the extent where the leading member Ján Kopunek has claimed that the Slovak police have been ordered to crush the group entirely . Since then , Marian Kotleba has been charged with hate crimes in absentia . Later , Kotleba was charged for finishing one of his speeches with `` Na stráž ! '' the phrase used in the fascist Hlinka Guard . After that the charges were dropped as it `` could n't be proven that the phrase itself constitutes the promotion of fascism '' . However the American embassy in Bratislava characterised the groups activities as `` commemorating the wartime fascist state and to spread messages of intolerance against ethnic and religious minorities . '' In 2006 , Kotleba tried to transform the group into a political party ( Slovak Togetherness - National Party ) . The party was dissolved by the Supreme Court because of its non-compliance with the Constitution ( restriction of universal suffrage , replacement of the party system by the state of estates ) as the first and yet only dissolved political party in the modern history of Slovakia . The group then continued to exist as a civil society . Also in this form it was temporarily banned by the Interior Ministry for `` activities that incite hatred and national , racial , religious as well as political intolerance '' , but the Slovak Supreme Court reinstated the group , claiming that `` the legal conditions for disbanding Slovenská Pospolitosť had not been met . '' The group resumes operation unhindered . In August 2009 the group led a march in protest at the local Roma community during which members threw rocks and bottles at police , resulting in over 30 arrests and seven injuries . They have been associated with the European National Front and support their ideas of European nationalist unity . They hosted a meeting for some affiliated groups in 2004 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd125914863a1be91906862431b3faec", "text": "Macedonia naming dispute The Macedonia naming dispute is a political dispute regarding the use of the name Macedonia between the southeastern European countries of Greece and the Republic of Macedonia , formerly a federal unit of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia . Pertinent to its background is an early 20th century multifaceted dispute and armed conflict that formed part of the background to the Balkan Wars . The specific naming dispute , although an existing issue in Yugoslav -- Greek relations since World War II , was reignited after the breakup of Yugoslavia and the newly gained independence of the former Socialist Republic of Macedonia in 1991 . Since then , it has been an ongoing issue in bilateral and international relations . Citing historical and territorial concerns resulting from the ambiguity between the Republic of Macedonia , the adjacent Greek region of Macedonia and the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon which falls mostly within Greek Macedonia , Greece opposes the use of the name `` Macedonia '' by the Republic of Macedonia without a geographical qualifier such as `` Northern Macedonia '' for use by all and for all purposes . As millions of ethnic Greeks identify themselves as Macedonians , unrelated to the Slavic people who are associated with the Republic of Macedonia , Greece further objects to the use of the term `` Macedonian '' for the neighboring country 's largest ethnic group and its language . The Republic of Macedonia is accused of appropriating symbols and figures that are historically considered part of Greek culture such as the Vergina Sun and Alexander the Great , and of promoting the irredentist concept of a United Macedonia , which involves territorial claims on Greece , Bulgaria , Albania , and Serbia . The dispute has escalated to the highest level of international mediation , involving numerous attempts to achieve a resolution . In 1995 , the two countries formalised bilateral relations and committed to start negotiations on the naming issue , under the auspices of the United Nations . Until a solution is found , the provisional reference `` the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia '' ( sometimes unofficially abbreviated as FYROM ) is used by international organisations and states which do not recognise translations of the constitutional name Republic of Macedonia ( Република Македонија , Republika Makedonija ) . UN members , and the UN as a whole , have agreed to accept any final agreement on a new name resulting from negotiations between the two countries . The parties are represented by Ambassadors Vasko Naumovski and Adamantios Vassilakis , under the mediation of Matthew Nimetz .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "38a0e8664e9ecf4d33b0123964bd98c4", "text": "Django Unchained Django Unchained is a 2012 American revisionist Western film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino , starring Jamie Foxx , Christoph Waltz , Leonardo DiCaprio , Kerry Washington , and Samuel L. Jackson , with Walton Goggins , Dennis Christopher , James Remar , Michael Parks , and Don Johnson in supporting roles . Set in the Old West and Antebellum South , it is a highly stylized tribute to Spaghetti Westerns , in particular the 1966 Italian film Django by Sergio Corbucci , whose star Franco Nero has a cameo appearance . Development of Django Unchained began in 2007 when Tarantino was writing a book on Sergio Corbucci . By April 2011 , Tarantino sent his final draft of the script to The Weinstein Company . Casting began in the summer of 2011 , with Michael K. Williams and Will Smith being considered for the role of the title character before Foxx was cast . Principal photography took place from November 2011 to March 2012 in California , Wyoming and Louisiana . Django Unchained premiered at the Ziegfeld Theatre in New York City on December 11 , 2012 , and was released on December 25 , 2012 in the United States . The film was nominated for several film industry awards , including five Academy Awards . Waltz won several awards for his performance , among them Best Supporting Actor at the Golden Globes , BAFTAs , and Academy Awards . Tarantino won an Academy Award , a Golden Globe , and a BAFTA award for writing the film 's original screenplay . The film grossed over $ 425 million worldwide in theaters against its $ 100 million budget , making it Tarantino 's highest-grossing theatrical release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39a0588d5b885fd6c46383238e20b416", "text": "Ricardo Tubbs Detective Ricardo `` Rico '' Tubbs is a fictional character from the Miami Vice television series and film of the same name . He is portrayed in all his appearances in the television series by Philip Michael Thomas , and in the film by Jamie Foxx . Tubbs is an undercover detective for the Metro-Dade Police Department 's Organized Crime Bureau , having relocated to Miami from New York City in order to track down his brother 's murderer . For the duration of the series , Tubbs is partnered with fellow undercover detective James `` Sonny '' Crockett , portrayed by Don Johnson ; in the film , he is again partnered with Colin Farrell 's Crockett . The character made his first appearance in `` Brother 's Keeper '' , the pilot episode of the series , broadcast on 16 September 1984 ; and went on to appear in all but one of the series ' 111 episodes . Thomas ' portrayal of the role was well received by fans and critics , and earned the actor a People 's Choice Award and a Golden Globe Award nomination . The character would go on to become a fashion icon , and helped to set a trend for Miami Vice-related clothing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09e9c2f75e9b614763f622d34b01c385", "text": "Jamie Foxx Eric Marlon Bishop ( born December 13 , 1967 ) , known professionally by his stage name Jamie Foxx , is an American actor , singer , songwriter , record producer and comedian . He won an Academy Award for Best Actor , BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role , and Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy , for his portrayal of Ray Charles in the 2004 biographical film Ray . The same year , he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in the crime film Collateral . Other prominent acting roles include Staff Sergeant Sykes in Jarhead ( 2005 ) , Detective Ricardo Tubbs in the 2006 film adaptation of TV series Miami Vice , the title role in the film Django Unchained ( 2012 ) , and the supervillain Electro in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 ( 2014 ) . Foxx also starred in the 1990-1994 sketch comedy show In Living Color and his own television show from 1996 to 2001 , the sitcom The Jamie Foxx Show , in which he played Jamie King , Jr. . Foxx also starred in the 2014 film Annie , in which he played Will Stacks . Foxx is also a Grammy Award-winning musician , producing four albums which have charted in the top ten of the US Billboard 200 : Unpredictable ( 2005 ) , which topped the chart , Intuition ( 2008 ) , Best Night of My Life ( 2010 ) , and Hollywood : A Story of a Dozen Roses ( 2015 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ade984419164d7029ad184364ddfcc0c", "text": "Electro (Marvel Comics) Electro is the name of two fictional supervillains appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Maxwell `` Max '' Dillon , the first Electro , is an enemy of Spider-Man who gained the ability to control electricity after being struck by lightning while working on a power line . Electro has since become one of Spider-Man 's most enduring foes , becoming part of the collective rogue team known as the Sinister Six . The second Electro is Francine Frye . In 2009 , he was ranked as IGN 's 87th Greatest Comic Book Villain of All Time . The character has been depicted in numerous Spider-Man cartoons and video games and made his cinematic debut in 2014 's The Amazing Spider-Man 2 , portrayed by actor Jamie Foxx .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "049a8a4675cbf07e952a1b7a6f125767", "text": "Huckleberry Fox George Fox , better known as Huckleberry Fox ( 1974 ) , is an American actor who performed in Terms of Endearment ( 1983 ) . and the Disney film The Blue Yonder ( 1985 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5430d4dd4d212d7960f701d52e6582aa", "text": "Jamie Quinn (actor) Jamie Quinn is a Scottish actor and musician . He is best known for playing the roles of Fergie in Still Game , Private Kevin `` Mac '' McDowell in Bluestone 42 and Ian Baird in Two Doors Down .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "adfb781e1d7bf0df497312d2d55fb56e", "text": "A Star Is Burns `` A Star Is Burns '' is the eighteenth episode of The Simpsons ' sixth season . It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 5 , 1995 . In the episode , Springfield decides to hold a film festival , and famed critic Jay Sherman is invited to be a judge . The story involves a crossover with the short-lived animated series The Critic . Jay Sherman was the main character on the show . The Critic was created by Al Jean and Mike Reiss , who had previously written for The Simpsons but left following the fourth season , and produced by James L. Brooks , who was also a producer for The Simpsons . The show had premiered on the American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) network in January 1994 but was canceled despite positive critical reception . The series was switched over to Fox , and put in the timeslot directly after The Simpsons . Brooks pitched a crossover episode as a way to promote The Critic and decided that a film festival would be a good way to introduce Sherman . Matt Groening , creator of The Simpsons , reacted negatively when he heard about this episode , feeling that it was just an advertisement for The Critic , and that people would incorrectly associate the show with him . When he was unsuccessful in getting the program pulled , he had his name removed from the credits and went public with his concerns , openly criticizing James L. Brooks . The episode was directed by Susie Dietter and was the first episode to be written by Ken Keeler . Jon Lovitz , the star of The Critic , guest stars as Jay Sherman , while Maurice LaMarche ( who was also a regular on The Critic ) has a few minor roles . The episode received mixed reviews from critics , many of whom felt the crossover was out of place on the show , although Barney 's film festival entry was well received .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "70aa75175c5789c65fac12a583bda0b4", "text": "Neo-Burlesque Neo-Burlesque , or New Burlesque , is the revival and updating of the traditional American burlesque performance . Though based on the traditional Burlesque art , the new form encompasses a wider range of performance styles ; neo-burlesque acts can range from anything from classic striptease to modern dance to theatrical mini-dramas to comedic mayhem .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "beb6bc316903f7a4559c72c88f95df7b", "text": "Spencer Fox Spencer Fox ( born May 10 , 1993 ) is an American actor , voice actor , musician and comedian . He is best known for his role as Dash Parr in the 2004 film The Incredibles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59b206e62cb9190027f5135056804454", "text": "Professional performances Professional performances , as opposed to amateur performances , are those in which performers receive payment for their performances . Professional performances are engaged in creative and intellectually challenging work . A professional actor is someone who derives income by participating in professional performances . A professional theatre company auditions actors to perform in their professional theatre . The company sells tickets ; actors receive payment for their performances . This is the same for musicians , dancers , comedians . Also see : professional sports . A professional performer is a person in a profession that requires certain types of skilled work requiring formal training or education . In western nations , such as the United States , the term commonly describes highly educated , salaried workers , who enjoy considerable work autonomy , economic security , a comfortable salary , and are commonly engaged in creative and intellectually challenging work . A professional athlete is someone who derives income by participating in competitive sports . Sometimes also called `` commercial grade '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe59da547a1cb19b6744e3223ff0558b", "text": "Black Fox Black Fox may refer to : Black fox , a fox that has a black coat Black Fox Nuclear Power Plant , a nuclear power plant proposed by the Public Service Company of Oklahoma in 1973 Black Fox ( Cherokee chief ) , the leading chief of the Cherokee from 1801 to his death in 1811 Black Fox ( comics ) , the code name of two unrelated fictional characters in Marvel Comics Black Fox : The Rise and Fall of Adolf Hitler , a 1962 documentary film The Black Fox , a fictional Robin Hood-esque character from the movie The Court Jester , played by Edward Ashley Black Fox ( miniseries ) , a 1995 mini-series , with Tony Todd and Christopher Reeve Member of the weasel family : Fisher ( animal )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fea3ade225e0bc2466e750e324935af7", "text": "Johnny Brown (actor) John `` Johnny '' Brown ( born June 11 , 1937 ) is an American actor and singer . Brown is a nightclub and stage performer as well as a comic actor , and a regular cast member of the television series Laugh-in . Brown is mostly remembered for his chubby physique , wide ingratiating smile , mobile facial expressions , and easy pleasant joking style . Brown is most famous , however , for his role as building superintendent Nathan Bookman on the 1970s CBS sitcom , Good Times . Bookman was often the brunt of fat jokes via the show 's main character J. J. Evans ( Jimmie Walker ) . Brown portrayed Bookman until the series was cancelled in 1979 . Other television shows Brown has appeared on include Flip Wilson Show , The Jeffersons , Family Matters , The Jamie Foxx Show and Martin . Brown also used to go to school with Walter Dean Myers when he lived in Harlem as a boy . Brown is also the father of actress Sharon Brown , who was born in 1962 , and also the father of John Brown Jr. or J.J Brown Jr. . Brown had earlier established himself in the Broadway musical Golden Boy , starring Sammy Davis , Jr. ; his supporting role was in the part of Ronnie and was featured as the lead voice on the show stopping rouser , `` Do n't Forget 127th Street '' . In the early 1970s , Brown starred in a television commercial for the Write Brothers pen , a short-lived product of the Papermate pen company . The commercial consisted of an elaborate musical number , `` Write On , Brothers , Write On '' , led by Brown as a schoolteacher who encourages his chorus line of students to use this pen for their school assignments . In 1997 , Brown contributed his voice to the introduction of the compilation album Comedy Stew : The Best of Redd Foxx . In the introduction , Brown tells of how Norman Lear had considered Brown to play the role of Lamont in Sanford And Son , but was unavailable to do so because of his prior commitment to Laugh-In , leading Lear to give the role to Demond Wilson instead .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "347f54bcf89c22b8a0bd3172006dcdcc", "text": "The Jamie Kennedy Experiment The Jamie Kennedy Experiment is a half-hour-long American hidden camera/practical joke reality television series that debuted in 2002 and was broadcast on The WB . The host and star of the show is Jamie Kennedy , a comedian who presented a reality TV format which combined hidden camera with sketch comedy . The show was a production of Bahr-Small Productions in association with Warner Bros. . Television and Big Ticket Television and ran from January 13 , 2002 until April 29 , 2004 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "75e39108257f83c4f2879421e675d653", "text": "Fox Sports Digital Media Fox Sports Digital Media , formerly known as News Corp. . Digital Media and Fox Interactive Media , is a subsidiary of Fox Entertainment Group which operates Fox Sports ' online properties in the United States . When known as Fox Interactive Media , it was formed to oversee News Corporation 's new media acquisitions , including IGN , Myspace and Photobucket . However , the group would later divest most of its properties ; in 2006 , Demand Media , a company run by Richard Rosenblatt , former CEO of Intermix Media and chairman of Myspace , purchased back all of the non-MySpace assets Intermix had sold to News Corporation . In December 2009 , Fox sold Photobucket to the startup digital photography company Ontela . In October 2010 , the Fox Audience Network was sold to ad technology firm Rubicon Project . Fox Interactive Media also operated the websites of Fox 's television stations . As part of a joint venture with LIN Media in 2008 , Fox Interactive Media also began offering the Digital Publishing Platform ( DPP ) , an enterprise content management system and hosting platform primarily intended for local station websites . The DPP products were later spun off as the independent company EndPlay , which Fox and LIN still hold equity interests in . Fox would begin outsourcing their television station websites to competing provider Worldnow in 2012 . In June 2011 , Specific Media and pop singer Justin Timberlake bought Myspace for $ 35 million , which CNN reported noted was `` far less than the $ 580 million News Corp. paid for Myspace in 2005 . '' Murdoch went on to call the Myspace purchase a `` huge mistake '' . In February 2013 , IGN Entertainment was sold to Ziff Davis Media . As its only remaining properties relate to Fox Sports , the company was renamed Fox Sports Digital Media in mid-2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c900da8740d02622e7a98b5064a9f1ed", "text": "TV and FM DX TV DX and FM DX is the active search for distant radio or television stations received during unusual atmospheric conditions . The term DX is an old telegraphic term meaning `` long distance . '' VHF/UHF television and radio signals are normally limited to a maximum `` deep fringe '' reception service area of approximately 40 - in areas where the broadcast spectrum is congested , and about 50 percent farther in the absence of interference . However , providing favourable atmospheric conditions are present , television and radio signals sometimes can be received hundreds or even thousands of miles outside their intended coverage area . These signals are often received using a large outdoor antenna system connected to a sensitive TV or FM receiver , although this may not always be the case . Many times smaller antennas and receivers such as those in vehicles will receive stations farther than normal depending on how favourable conditions are . While only a limited number of local stations can normally be received at satisfactory signal strengths in any given area , tuning into other channels may reveal weaker signals from adjacent areas . More consistently strong signals , especially those accentuated by unusual atmospheric conditions , can be achieved by improving the antenna system . The development of interest in TV-FM DX as a hobby can arise after more distant signals are either intentionally or accidentally discovered , leading to a serious interest in improving the listener 's antenna and receiving installation for the purpose of actively seeking long-range television and radio reception . The TV-FM DX hobby is somewhat similar to other radio/electronic related hobbies such as amateur radio , Medium Wave DX , or short-wave radio , and organisations such as the Worldwide TV-FM DX Association have developed to coordinate and foster the further study and enjoyment of VHF/UHF television and FM broadcast DX .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d0de5b2c247298f2b9a3db38a880edac", "text": "Jamie Grace Jamie Grace Harper ( born November 25 , 1991 ) is an American contemporary Christian musician , singer , rapper , and songwriter from Atlanta , Georgia . In 2010 , TobyMac found her songs on YouTube and signed her to his label Gotee Records for two albums . She released the song `` Hold Me '' in 2011 which landed her a nomination at the 2012 Grammys and won the 2012 Dove Award for New Artist of the Year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c440301636c45301777e605c2bcc9285", "text": "Blowin' Up Blowin ' Up is a comedic reality show on MTV . The show stars Jamie Kennedy , an actor who follows his dream of becoming a successful rapper . The show was written by Kennedy after the success of the movie Malibu 's Most Wanted , which he starred in . Along for the ride is his close friend Stu Stone , who keeps Jamie in check to stick to their rap career . Throughout the show there are various celebrity appearances . From the beginning , Jamie expresses his dislike for fellow actor Jason Biggs ( notable is the fact Biggs and Kennedy both appeared in Kevin Smith 's 2001 film Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back ) . Jamie and Stu also encounter many different rappers during the season , including Mike Jones , Ice-T , and a performance with the Three 6 Mafia . Jamie and Stu also try to recruit special guests on their album , getting Bob Saget formerly of the TV show Full House . The song was titled `` Rollin ' with Saget . '' Robin Sloan Bechtel , an executive at Warner Bros. . Records discovered Jamie Kennedy and Stu Stone 's music on MySpace before the MTV show was greenlit . When she met with Kennedy and Stone , they all discussed pitching a show that would tell the story of their rap ventures . After MTV greenlit the show , Bechtel signed the duo and starred in their show . An album featuring the tracks recorded during the filming of Blowin ' Up , sharing a title of the same name , was released on July 11 , 2006 . Some of the songs include `` Circle Circle Dot Dot , '' `` Rollin ' With Saget , '' `` 1984 , '' and `` Crooked Stick . '' In the early popularity of YouTube , a fan created a lego inspired video for Circle Circle Dot Dot that hit the homepage of YouTube and Perezhilton.com which catapulted the video to # 1 status on YouTube . Circle Circle Dot Dot then became an internet phenomenon and was a # 1 ringtone .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a33b116b99badaad45abaf51e4ff082e", "text": "Lydia Fox (actress) Lydia Fox ( born 1979 ) is an English film , television , and stage actress and producer . She is also known by her married name , Lydia Ayoade .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f530e6dbe833da2e97ca2db66db213d", "text": "Tourettes Without Regrets Tourettes Without Regrets is an underground performance art show in Oakland , CA . Founded in 1999 , Tourettes Without Regrets is hosted by comedian/filmmaker Jamie DeWolf and occurs every first Thursday of the month at the Oakland Metro Opera House . Part poetry slam , part circus and part rap battle , the event incorporates audience participation and an open mic , billing itself as `` the Fight Club of underground art . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea5ff268e958577953e358be8bb557ce", "text": "Foxes in popular culture The fox appears in the folklore of many cultures as a figure of cunning or trickery , or as a familiar animal possessed of magic powers . The fox is also sometimes associated with transformation . In Europe , in the Middle Ages and Renaissance , foxes , which were associated with wiliness and fraudulent behavior , were sometimes burned as symbols of the Devil . The term `` foxy '' in English ( `` having the qualities of a fox '' ) can also connote attractiveness , sexiness or being red-haired . The term to `` outfox '' means `` to beat in a competition of wits '' , the synonym with `` outguess '' , `` outsmart '' or `` outwit '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8744239062a9f96d182dc1e9d1ff5137", "text": "Entertainment Entertainment is a form of activity that holds the attention and interest of an audience , or gives pleasure and delight . It can be an idea or a task , but is more likely to be one of the activities or events that have developed over thousands of years specifically for the purpose of keeping an audience 's attention . Although people 's attention is held by different things , because individuals have different preferences in entertainment , most forms are recognisable and familiar . Storytelling , music , drama , dance , and different kinds of performance exist in all cultures , were supported in royal courts , developed into sophisticated forms and over time became available to all citizens . The process has been accelerated in modern times by an entertainment industry that records and sells entertainment products . Entertainment evolves and can be adapted to suit any scale , ranging from an individual who chooses a private entertainment from a now enormous array of pre-recorded products ; to a banquet adapted for two ; to any size or type of party , with appropriate music and dance ; to performances intended for thousands ; and even for a global audience . The experience of being entertained has come to be strongly associated with amusement , so that one common understanding of the idea is fun and laughter , although many entertainments have a serious purpose . This may be the case in the various forms of ceremony , celebration , religious festival , or satire for example . Hence , there is the possibility that what appears as entertainment may also be a means of achieving insight or intellectual growth . An important aspect of entertainment is the audience , which turns a private recreation or leisure activity into entertainment . The audience may have a passive role , as in the case of persons watching a play , opera , television show , or film ; or the audience role may be active , as in the case of games , where the participant/audience roles may be routinely reversed . Entertainment can be public or private , involving formal , scripted performance , as in the case of theatre or concerts ; or unscripted and spontaneous , as in the case of children 's games . Most forms of entertainment have persisted over many centuries , evolving due to changes in culture , technology , and fashion . Films and video games , for example , although they use newer media , continue to tell stories , present drama , and play music . Festivals devoted to music , film , or dance allow audiences to be entertained over a number of consecutive days . Some activities that were once considered entertaining , particularly public punishments , have been removed from the public arena . Others , such as fencing or archery , once necessary skills for some , have become serious sports and even professions for the participants , at the same time developing into entertainment with wider appeal for bigger audiences . In the same way , other necessary skills , such as cooking , have developed into performances among professionals , staged as global competitions and then broadcast for entertainment . What entertainment is for one group or individual may be regarded as work by another . The familiar forms of entertainment have the capacity to cross over different media and have demonstrated a seemingly unlimited potential for creative remix . This has ensured the continuity and longevity of many themes , images , and structures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0672aabf173434e3ff6ab1b940120a48", "text": "In the Flow with Affion Crockett In the Flow with Affion Crockett was a sketch comedy television series starring Affion Crockett and produced by Jamie Foxx , MADtv co-creators Fax Bahr and Adam Small , Arrested Development creator Mitch Hurwitz and Two and a Half Men 's Eric and Kim Tannenbaum . Taped in the middle of 2010 , it was picked up as a mid-season replacement by Fox in September 2010 , under the name `` Untitled Jamie Foxx Project '' . A premiere was announced for June 9 , 2011 , and then moved to August . It debuted in an hour-long premiere on August 14 , 2011 , with four half-hour episodes to air on following weeks . The show was cancelled due to low ratings after airing six episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed922404e3d47ceef623cfebd7faf9cb", "text": "60x60 60x60 is a collection of 60 electroacoustic or acousmatic works from 60 different composers/artists , each work 60 seconds or less in duration . 60x60 project showcases sixty new works , each sixty seconds or less , by sixty composers in a continuous sixty-minute concert , for a one-hour cross-section of contemporary music . The 60x60 project was conceived and developed by the new music consortium , Vox Novus and its founder , Robert Voisey . 60x60 was designed to showcase the diversity of the contemporary music and has succeeded in presenting thousands of composers in hundreds of performances around the world since 2003 . The 60x60 project puts out a call for submissions for recorded media 60 seconds or less in length ( also known as signature works . ) 60 one-minute works are selected from the submissions . The 60 works are then ordered to create a one-hour music mix . The 60x60 mix is then synchronized with and analogue clock where the beginning of each new minute brings the beginning of a new musical work by a different artist . the 60x60 mix is then presented in several venues throughout the world . Later in the performance season , 60x60 collaborates with artists of different disciplines to create multimedia performances with dance , video , and/or fine arts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "291527c3a5f1c9dbd467d67c957d0602", "text": "Theatre of Australia Theatre of Australia refers to the history of the performing arts in Australia , or produced by Australians . There are theatrical and dramatic aspects to a number of Indigenous Australian ceremonies such as the corroboree . During its colonial period , Australian theatrical arts were generally linked to the broader traditions of English literature and to British and Irish theatre . Australian literature and theatrical artists ( including Aboriginal as well as Anglo-Celtic and multicultural migrant Australians ) have over the last two centuries introduced the culture of Australia and the character of a new continent to the world stage . Individuals who have contributed to theatre in Australia and internationally include Sir Robert Helpmann , Dame Joan Sutherland , Barry Humphries , David Williamson , Cate Blanchett , Geoffrey Rush , Judy Davis , Jim Sharman , Tim Minchin and Baz Luhrmann . Notable theatrical institutions include the Sydney Opera House , and the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "02a4b3aa7683ea7d084526a2e9caa22d", "text": "Poppy (singer) Poppy , also known as That Poppy , is an American singer , songwriter , and YouTube personality . Raised in Nashville , Tennessee , she moved to Los Angeles in 2014 to pursue a musical career , where she signed with Island Records and released her debut EP , Bubblebath ( 2016 ) . In late 2016 , she became the face of Sanrio 's `` Hello Sanrio '' collection .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "91e4cc477b24c8dd24ce1e298777a703", "text": "Riptide (album) Riptide is the eighth solo studio album by the British singer Robert Palmer . It was originally released in November 1985 . The album was recorded over a period of three months in 1985 , at Compass Point Studios in Nassau , Bahamas . The album charted at number 8 in the US and No. 5 in the UK . It was certified double platinum in the US by the RIAA in March 1996 and certified gold in the UK by BPI in August 1986 . It featured the songs `` Addicted to Love '' , `` I Did n't Mean to Turn You On '' , `` Discipline of Love '' , and `` Riptide '' which were all released as singles . The single `` Addicted to Love '' was accompanied by a memorable and much-imitated music video , directed by Terence Donovan , in which Palmer is surrounded by a bevy of near-identically clad , heavily made-up ( and appropriately pouty ) female `` musicians , '' either mimicking or mocking the painting style of Patrick Nagel . In September 1986 , Palmer performed `` Addicted to Love '' at the 1986 MTV Video Music Awards in Los Angeles . In 1987 , he won the Grammy Award for Best Male Rock Vocal Performance for `` Addicted to Love '' . At the 1987 Brit Awards , Palmer received his first nomination for Best British Male . Another single from Riptide , his cover of Cherrelle 's `` I Did n't Mean to Turn You On '' , also performed well ( US # 2 , UK # 9 ) . Another song , `` Trick Bag , '' was written by one of his major influences , New Orleans jazz artist Earl King . For the album , Palmer collaborated with two former members from The Power Station , guitarist Andy Taylor and drummer Tony Thompson . The Power Station 's producer Bernard Edwards also played bass and produced the album . The album also features contributions from American Singer-songwriter Chaka Khan , Level 42 's keyboardist Wally Badarou , and session musicians Guy Pratt , Jeff Bova , Eddie Martinez , and Jack Waldman ( who died a year after the album 's release ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ebfb6bdccabe05d0c00fc1cacd771b2a", "text": "Sunshine pop Sunshine pop ( originally `` soft pop '' ) is a subgenre of pop music originating in Southern California in the mid-1960s , although it only acquired the name later . Rooted in easy-listening , advertising jingles , and the growing drug culture , sunshine pop acts purveyed a lightly produced style that combined nostalgic or anxious moods with `` an appreciation for the beauty of the world '' . It began as an outgrowth of the 1960s California Sound and folk rock movements , largely consisting of lesser-known artists who imitated more popular groups like the Beach Boys , the Mamas & the Papas , and the 5th Dimension . While the Beach Boys are noted as prominent influences , they rarely worked in the genre . Sunshine pop is characterized by lush vocals and light arrangements similar to samba music . In some ways the genre is similar to baroque pop music through being elaborate and melancholic , though it also crossed into folk pop and Brill Building styles . Sunshine pop enjoyed mainstream success in the latter half of the decade , with many of its top 40 hits peaking in the spring and summer of 1967 , especially just before the Summer of Love . Popular bands include the Mamas & the Papas , the Turtles , and the Association . Other acts , like the Millennium , Sagittarius , and the Yellow Balloon were less successful but gained a cult following years later ; with albums like Begin ( 1968 ) and Present Tense ( 1968 ) highly sought-after on the collectors ' market .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6997f8db3d9fa71cebfa626082d4f4d", "text": "Poppycock Poppycock is a brand of candied popcorn . Though it is marketed in a variety of combinations , the original mixture consists of clusters of popcorn , almonds , and pecans covered in a candy glaze . Other specialty combinations include mixtures with emphasis on cashews , chocolate , and pecans .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3289626f6b227cd6f54e141f58132430", "text": "Chillwave Chillwave ( originally called `` glo-fi '' or `` hypnagogic pop '' ; also `` dream-beat '' ) is a style of music characterized by a faded or dreamy retro pop sound , mellow vocals , a low-to-moderate tempo , escapist lyrics about the beach or summertime , psychedelic or lo-fi textures , effects processing ( reverb especially ) , vintage synthesizers , and other attempts to loosely emulate 1980s electronic pop aesthetics as well as engage with notions of memory and nostalgia . Sometimes regarded as a `` made-up '' genre , the movement 's vanguard was represented by Neon Indian , Washed Out , and Toro y Moi , who gained critical attention through what was termed the 2009 `` Summer of Chillwave '' . Coinciding with the economic turmoil of the late 2000s and early 2010s recession , chillwave was one of the first music genres to develop by being linked and defined through various outlets on the Internet rather than geographic location . The style draws from elements in dream pop and shoegaze , as well as the work of artists such as Panda Bear , Animal Collective , and lo-fi musician Ariel Pink . The term `` hypnagogic pop '' was coined at virtually the same time as `` chillwave '' to describe similar artists . Other elements related to drug-induced mind states and idyllic summer fantasies were drawn from the Beach Boys ' Brian Wilson . Washed Out 's 2009 track `` Feel It All Around '' remains the genre 's definitive and best-known song . The term `` chillwave '' , which originated from the satirical blog Hipster Runoff in 2009 , was ultimately criticized for being nebulous and contrived . Some artists rejected the tag , while hundreds of others exploited the style 's low-budget simplicity , one of the major reasons for its decline . Media coverage usually derided the genre 's name , its reliance on nostalgia , and the ubiquitous mention of `` the summer '' in its writings . After chillwave was the subject of much discourse on websites like Gorilla vs. Bear and Pitchfork , the movement dissipated , and the style effectively fell out of vogue . The Internet-based microgenre vaporwave would be inspired by chillwave .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "75e424227033c518f871e5cd3ce8e726", "text": "MeeK MeeK ( birth name Stephane-Franck Pascal ; born 16 February 1971 in Montmorency , near Paris , France ) , is a Franco-British artist , singer , recording artist , musician , Alternative pop songwriter and producer . His stage name ( always spelled with a capital `` M '' and a capital `` K '' ) is a homage to 1960s British pop producer Joe Meek . A multi-instrumentalist , MeeK plays all the instruments on his recordings through a multitracked/multi-layered method of recording and provides all vocals including multi-layered backing harmonies . Since his first album in 2002 and an ever strong presence on the Internet right from its very early days as a mass media , MeeK is part of the European pop/rock Indie music scene . Over the years and through word-of-mouth some have come to consider him a `` cult-artist '' because of his ever dedicated worldwide fanbase , his rather non-typical and enigmatic persona and the fact that he is one of the very first few artists in Europe who have pioneered in utilizing the Internet as a marketing tool and a medium to publicize and/or expose their music to the general public in the late-1990s , long before the advent of social networks like MySpace , Facebook or YouTube . After having briefly been a member of London-based Indie acoustic-pop bands Tin Can Heart and Elsewhere in the mid-1990s , MeeK was signed as a solo songwriter by Stephane Berlow of BMG Music Publishing France in 1996 . With the encouragement and support of French actors Jean-Pierre Bacri , Agnès Jaoui and Jamel Debbouze , MeeK released his first album titled `` Psychotique '' ( Psychotic ) in 2002 on the record label Bedroom to a warm critical reception in France . The CD created what was not yet called an Internet buzz ( the Web still being in its infancy as a mainstream media in the early-2000s ) , and was well noticed in the French Indie music scene of the time . French pop artist Calogero decided to sponsor MeeK after hearing him on the radio and mistaking him for a female performer because of his rather high-pitched vocal range . Calogero then invited MeeK to perform his single `` Psychotique '' on `` The Live Café '' , one of the first music programs on the French Web , produced in partnership by Universal Music and NRJ radio station . MeeK 's `` Psychotique '' album was also released in a deluxe digipack version in Japan by Tokyo Indie record label MINF Records with an introductory essay by leader of Japanese pop group Pizzicato Five Yasuharu Konishi , drawing a camparison between the Franco-English songwriter and Paul McCartney amongst others . Since then , all MeeK albums have been released in Japan by the same record label . In 2003 and at the request of his Japanese label , MeeK released the album `` Sleeping with Big Ben '' composed of fourteen Lennon-McCartney songs recorded in an all-acoustic and vocal treatment . The tribute album 's release was limited to the Japanese market only and soon became a popular collectable amongst curious Beatles fans around the world . The album was finally released in a digital form worldwide in 2011 . In 2004 , his second album of original songs `` Margaret Et Ses Bijoux '' ( Margaret And Her Jewels ) was released and can be defined as a concept album . It confirmed the `` MeeK buzz '' on the Internet and scored excited reviews in the French music press as well as on many professional music blogs . In 2004 , MeeK translated what is considered the only official `` autobiography '' by Paul McCartney the former Beatle wrote in collaboration with Barry Miles in 1997 , `` Many Years From Now '' , in French for Paris publisher Flammarion ( French title : `` Les Beatles , les Sixties & moi '' -- The Beatles , the '60s and Me ) . In 2008 and after a two-year hiatus due to serious health concerns , MeeK recorded his third album `` Sortie De Secours '' ( Emergency Exit ) which he co-produced with Maxime Monegier Du Sorbier . Collaborating for the first time with a dozen musicians during the recording sessions , MeeK used no machines , synthesizers nor samplers at all during the album production that spanned more than 10 months . A real string section appeared on several tracks as well as a Celtic bagpipes section for the title `` Je Vous Aime Immediatement '' . The album lead single `` Six Feet Under '' is MeeK 's most commercially successful hit with the single `` So Fresh '' so far and a nod to the HBO TV series of the same name . The single entered hundreds of campus and college radio stations playlists around the world and was the first independent music production to have cracked the Swiss state radio station Radio Suisse Romande 's Top 20 while its promo video created a remarkable YouTube buzz . In 2010 , several Electronic artists including The Electronic Matter , The OriginalFake and Lyhne remixed a few tracks from the `` Sortie De Secours '' album which were compiled on the `` ElectroMeeK MySpace '' parallel to the regular official Meek MySpace . In April 2011 , the album `` Archives 97/07 '' compiling 15 unreleased tracks recorded during sessions from MeeK 's four previous efforts was released in digital form worldwide . MeeK began recording sessions for his next album in April 2011 in Paris and the album titled `` Aristocracy '' is an English album , co-produced by MeeK and ( musicianAmerican partnership Ramses & Beaumond ( group pseudonym of Christopher Hannover-Klein and Andy Ambrose ) , After the successive releases of 2 singles , the college-radio-friendly `` So Fresh '' in 2012 and the cold and icy `` Monolith # 6 '' in 2013 announcing the long-awaited album , the long anticipated `` Aristocracy '' album was finally released worldwide on April the 1st 2015 . The album took 5 years in the making , using 6 different studios in Paris , London , South of France and Los Angeles . It was mastered at the legendary Abbey Road Studios in London ( `` Just for a laugh '' said MeeK ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6aafae849444f229eb64f9997010897", "text": "Psy discography This is the discography of the South Korean idol Psy . He is well known for his humorous videos and stage performances , and for his hit single `` Gangnam Style '' , a song about where he came from and which talks about the life of the people of Gangnam , which is a neighborhood in Seoul , South Korea . In January 2001 , Psy debuted with his full-length album Psy from the Psycho World ! , for which he received a fine due to accusations that the album contained `` inappropriate content '' . He released his controversial second album , Sa 2 , in 2002 , which sparked complaints from concerned civil groups due to the potentially negative influence his album would have on children and teenagers . Since then , Psy has been thought of as a controversial artist , and Sa 2 was banned in 2002 from being sold to those under the age of 19 . Later in September the same year , Psy released his third album 3 Mai . The album 's title song , `` Champion '' , saw great success partly due to the hype from the World Cup games held in Seoul . Despite the significant amount of controversy surrounding his music , Psy was awarded with songwriting accolades at the annually held Seoul Music Awards , which marked his breakthrough in the music industry of South Korea . In 2006 , Psy released his 4th album Sa Jib , which won honors at the 2006 SBS Music Awards and the Mnet Asian Music Awards . Psy released his 5th album PsyYFive in 2010 , but its lead single `` Right Now '' was banned by South Korea 's Ministry of Gender Equality and Family for its `` obscene '' lyrics . Despite his lead single being banned , Psy received awards during the 2011 Melon Music Awards and Mnet Asian Music Awards . Prior to the release of `` Gangnam Style '' , Psy had topped domestic music charts half a dozen times throughout his 12-year career , according to Billboard . In July 2012 , PSY released his 6th album Psy 6 ( Six Rules ) , Part 1 and the song `` Gangnam Style '' appeared in broadcasting networks and newspapers outside Asia . On August 14 , `` Gangnam Style '' ranked first on YouTube 's ` Most Viewed Videos ' monthly chart ; it has received over 2 billion on YouTube ( the first to reach this mark and currently the number one viewed video in YouTube 's history ) . His single , `` Gentleman '' , was released on April 12 , 2013 in 119 countries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "412fb7fa4169a15b8afc79a6b544502d", "text": "Florence and the Machine discography English indie rock band Florence and the Machine have released three studio albums , two live albums , six extended plays , 20 singles , two promotional singles and 23 music videos . Florence and the Machine released their first extended play , A Lot of Love . A Lot of Blood , in March 2009 . Their debut studio album , Lungs , was released in July 2009 through Island Records , reaching number one on the UK Albums Chart in January 2010 . The album was subsequently certified quintuple platinum in the United Kingdom , quadruple platinum in Ireland and triple platinum in Australia . The album 's lead single `` Kiss with a Fist '' peaked at number 51 on the UK Singles Chart . This was succeeded by the single `` Dog Days Are Over '' , which reached number 23 in the UK and number 21 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Third single `` Rabbit Heart ( Raise It Up ) '' reached number 12 in the UK and number 41 in Ireland . `` Drumming Song '' was released as the fourth single , charting at number 54 in the UK . `` You 've Got the Love '' , a cover of The Source 's song of the same name , peaked at number five in the UK and number nine in Australia . A performance at the 2010 BRIT Awards on 17 February 2010 saw the Dizzee Rascal-assisted mash-up `` You Got the Dirtee Love '' debut at number two in the UK . The album 's sixth and final single , `` Cosmic Love '' , peaked at number 51 in the UK and number three in Ireland . The band 's second studio album , Ceremonials , was released in October 2011 , debuting atop the charts in the UK , Ireland , Australia and New Zealand . The album 's release was preceded by the promotional single `` What the Water Gave Me '' , which peaked at number 24 in the UK , number 13 in Ireland and number 15 in New Zealand . Lead single `` Shake It Out '' became the band 's fifth top-40 hit in the UK , peaking at number 12 upon release in September 2011 . The track also attained international chart success , reaching number 72 on the Billboard Hot 100 and becoming the band 's highest-peaking single in Ireland , where it reached number two . The album also saw the release of singles `` No Light , No Light '' and `` Never Let Me Go '' , which peaked at numbers 50 and 82 on the UK chart , respectively . Their next release `` Spectrum ( Say My Name ) '' peaked at number one in the UK , becoming their first UK number-one single . In June 2015 , Florence and the Machine released their third studio album , How Big , How Blue , How Beautiful , which debuted at number one in eight countries including the UK and the US and reached the top 10 of 20 countries . The album had sold over a million copies worldwide by the end of 2015 and has been certified platinum in the UK , Australia and Poland , and gold in New Zealand . It was promoted by the singles `` What Kind of Man '' and `` Ship to Wreck '' , which both reached the top 40 in the UK , Ireland and New Zealand , as well as `` Queen of Peace '' and `` Delilah '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad741f17435c1362909449c916658e41", "text": "Sarsa (singer) Marta Markiewicz ( born 13 June 1989 ) , better known as Sarsa or Sarsa Markiewicz , is a Polish singer , songwriter , and record producer . She first achieved mainstream attention due to her 2015 single `` Naucz mnie '' ( Teach me ) , which occupied the number-one position on the Polish singles chart for six consecutive weeks , and was certified diamond by the Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry ( ZPAV ) . Her debut studio album Zapomnij mi was released on 28 August 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48cc0202018b410c2e522d724ca98d51", "text": "Robbie Boyd Robbie Boyd is a singer , songwriter and musician from London , United Kingdom . This British singer/songwriter , has performed live on ITV 's This Morning twice ; written a song with the legendary Ray Davies ; caught the attention of Sir Tim Rice , and been regularly aired on Absolute Radio , Xfm and various BBC radio stations including Graham Norton 's show on BBC Radio 2 . In 2017 Boyd will release his second album Break the Chain . To promote the album he has spent the early part of 2017 on the road . A February tour of several European countries ( Belgium , Netherlands , Germany and Switzerland ) , was followed by an extensive tour of Australia in March and April . Boyd has always enjoyed performing to audiences around the globe . In previous years he has performed in various European countries and also further afield , including Argentina and Japan . He has been invited to Nashville on more than one occasion to record , perform and write with other musicians . Boyd and his band have supported artists such as McFly , The Feeling and The Kooks . They have played at a number of events and festivals in the UK and sold out several headline shows in London including The Borderline , The Barfly and Bush Hall . Boyd was the first Briton to perform on the roof of London 's O2 Arena . Boyd 's songs have captivated a worldwide audience of over 10,000 Facebook fans and more than 500,000 YouTube views . In 2010 , Boyd 's musical talents attracted the attention of Sir Tim Rice who included Boyd 's songs `` Oh Alaska '' and `` New Hampshire '' in his BBC Radio 2 series American Pie . The following year , Robbie and his band won the `` Alternative '' category of Live and Unsigned and were also named London 's `` Busker of the Year '' . In 2013 they reached the top 20 of MTV 's Brand New for 2013 competition . Boyd has released a number of singles and EPs , all of which have received positive reviews . In May 2014 he released his debut Album So Called Man which was equally well received . In 2015 Boyd began writing and performing with several individual female artists including Katey Brooks , Lledra and Persephone . Boyd plays a number of musical instruments , including the Okinawan sanshin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5aadd183c1015b02bbffa242a48c087", "text": "Born to Die Born to Die is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey . Her major label debut , it was released on January 27 , 2012 by Interscope Records , Polydor Records and Stranger Records . Del Rey collaborated with producers including Patrik Berger , Jeff Bhasker , Chris Braide , Emile Haynie , Justin Parker , Rick Nowels , Robopop and Al Shux to achieve her desired sound . Their efforts resulted in a primarily baroque pop record , which sees additional influences from alternative hip hop , indie pop and trip hop music . Contemporary music critics gave Born to Die mixed reviews ; some commended its distinctive production , while its repetitiveness and melodramatic tendencies were a recurring complaint . The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 77,000 copies ; it was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) after moving one million units . Born to Die reached the peak positions on eleven international record charts . After attaining online success after its initial premiere on June 29 , 2011 , `` Video Games '' was released as the lead single from Born to Die on October 17 , 2011 ; it peaked at number ninety-one on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Its follow-up singles `` Born to Die '' , `` Off to the Races '' , `` Blue Jeans '' , `` Summertime Sadness '' , `` National Anthem '' , and `` Dark Paradise '' performed sporadically across Billboard component charts and international record charts . The Cedric Gervais remix of `` Summertime Sadness '' was released on July 11 , 2013 and became Del Rey 's highest-charting single in the United States , reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . Del Rey additionally promoted Born to Die with several televised performances , including a widely criticized appearance on Saturday Night Live . It was reissued on November 9 , 2012 as an expanded version subtitled The Paradise Edition , which was packaged with her third extended play Paradise ( 2012 ) . Born to Die has sold 7,000,000 copies worldwide as of June 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f74f150b50e6753e5705387ff16d7f4b", "text": "Honey to the Bee `` Honey to the Bee '' is a song from Billie Piper released in 1999 . It peaked at # 3 in the UK Singles Chart and was released on March 22 , 1999 . In January 2007 , the song was championed by Radio 1 DJ Chris Moyles as part of an experiment to test out the new UK Singles Chart rules that came into effect that month , which prompted the song to reach number 17 in the UK Singles Chart on 21 January 2007 , and number 11 in the UK Download Chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c06dcdb2dd9d301fd3fa7e3be8f57beb", "text": "Ear Candy (Helen Reddy album) Ear Candy is the title of the tenth album release by Australian-American pop singer Helen Reddy : released May 1977 by Capitol Records , the album included a modern take on the doo-wop genre ( `` Long Distance Love '' ) , a Cajun number that gave the Melbourne native her first and only appearance on Billboard magazine 's Country chart ( `` Laissez les Bontemps Rouler '' ) , and a dark self-parody on which Reddy proclaims : `` I do n't take no shit from nobody '' ( `` Baby , I 'm a Star '' - not to be confused with the Prince song of the same name ) . Unprecedented for a Helen Reddy album , half of the songs recorded for Ear Candy were co-written by Reddy herself , including the second single : `` The Happy Girls '' , Reddy 's first self-penned A-side single since `` I am Woman '' : however it was the first single : a remake of the 1964 Cilla Black hit `` You 're My World '' , which would afford Reddy a final Top 40 hit . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ad5d1655ed28865dc7b5824729004aa", "text": "Splean Splean is a popular Russian rock band . They were formed and released their first album in 1994 . Since then , they have remained one of the most popular rock bands in Russia and the former Soviet Union . The band 's name is derived from `` spleen '' ( in the sense of `` depression '' ) , and the `` ea '' spelling in English is a pun on the spelling of the Beatles . It was borrowed from a short poem by Sasha Cherny , which the band set to music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85f7cdaaecfd7a1dfb5a127760af54d2", "text": "Ruslana Ruslana Stepanivna Lyzhychko ( Руслана Степанівна Лижичко , Ruslana Lyžyčko ; born 24 May 1973 ) , known mononymously as Ruslana , is a World Music Award and Eurovision Song Contest winning artist , holding the title of People 's Artist of Ukraine . She is also a former MP serving as deputy in the Ukrainian parliament ( Verkhovna Rada ) for the Our Ukraine Party . Ruslana was the UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador in Ukraine in 2004-2005 . She is recognized as the most successful Ukrainian female solo artist internationally and was included in the top 10 most influential women of 2013 by the Forbes magazine . The U.S. Secretary of State honored her with the International Women of Courage Award in March 2014 . She has been named an honorary citizen of her hometown L'viv and was nominated to receive the title Hero of Ukraine . She is a singer , songwriter , producer , musical conductor , multi-instrumentalist , dancer , voice actress and social activist . She writes , composes and produces her own songs and music videos . Since 28 December 1995 she has been married to Oleksandr Ksenofontov , a Ukrainian record producer . Together they have run the company Luxen Studio since 1993 , producing radio and film trailers . Ruslana was the first artist from the former Soviet Union to officially receive a platinum disc , her Dyki tantsi album selling more than 170,000 copies in the first 100 days after its release . This album is the best selling Ukrainian album to date , together with its English version , more than 500,000 copies being sold solely in Ukraine . She won the 2004 Eurovision Song Contest with the song `` Wild Dances '' receiving 280 points , which at that time was a record of points . Following her victory , she rose to fame in Europe and became one of the biggest pop stars from the Eastern part of the continent . Her winning song `` Wild Dances '' dominated the European charts for 97 weeks peaking at number one in Belgium for 10 consecutive weeks . Her Eurovision winning song was included on the official compilation album called The Very Best of Eurovision celebrating the 60th anniversary of the contest . Her repertoire includes songs performed mainly in Ukrainian and English , but she also recorded cover versions in Spanish and Latin languages .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7746a89703f34dbe6f12e223ef3399cf", "text": "Twenty Twenty (band) Twenty Twenty are a pop punk band based in London , Cambridge and Essex , UK . They are made up of lead vocalist/guitarist Sam Halliday , brother and bassist/vocalist Jack Halliday , and drummer/vocalist Sonny Watson-Lang . The band have supported acts such as The Wanted , The Saturdays , Avril Lavigne , Scouting For Girls , Big Time Rush and Selena Gomez . Festival appearances have included playing with JLS , Diversity , and McFly . July 2010 saw the band play at the O2 Arena with The Saturdays , and Tinchy Stryder . In early 2011 Twenty Twenty supported The Saturdays on a UK tour throughout February and March and supported The Wanted in March and April . 17 April 2011 saw the release of the band 's new single and their first release signed to a major label . Their debut album `` Small Talk '' was released on 2 May 2011 . On 10 January 2014 Sam and Jack officially announced the band 's split on the sugarscape website after drummer Sonny Watson-Lang 's departure from the band six months earlier .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07ae333e1e71d5ab8f05e8cdfdab2d19", "text": "LP (singer) Laura Pergolizzi ( born March 18 , 1981 ) is an American pop singer and songwriter , originally from Long Island , New York , who performs under the stage name LP . She moved to Los Angeles in 2010 . She has released three albums and one EP . As a songwriter , she has written for Cher , Rihanna , the Backstreet Boys and Christina Aguilera , among others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2d267549d24418599e93d1b039e3651", "text": "Poppy Rush Poppy Rush ( born 10 October 1991 ) is a British television actress . She is the daughter of actress Debbie Rush and sister of actor William Rush . She has also performed as the vocalist with family band The Sticks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c539c84a4002fcd8bd9abd0cc03a61f0", "text": "The Poppy Girls The Poppy Girls is a British pop band consisting of five school-age girls from Armed Forces families . The band was first formed in 2013 with the intent to raise money for The Royal British Legion , and the members were selected from a pool of 1000 performers . Their debut single The Call ( No Need to Say Goodbye ) debuted at number 13 on the UK Singles Chart and was written by Regina Spektor . The full album , No Need To Say Goodbye , entered the UK Album Chart at number 62 in its first week . In November 2013 the group performed in front of Queen Elizabeth II and Prime Minister David Cameron at the Festival of Remembrance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d95cec440ce98a91532ee5b72b1d6c0", "text": "Lily Allen Lily Rose Beatrice Cooper ( née Allen ; born 2 May 1985 ) , known professionally as Lily Allen , is an English singer , songwriter , actress , and television presenter . She is the daughter of actor Keith Allen and film producer Alison Owen . Allen left school when she was 15 and concentrated on improving her performing and compositional skills . In 2005 , she made some of her recordings public on Myspace and the publicity resulted in airplay on BBC Radio 1 and a contract with Regal Recordings . Her first mainstream single , `` Smile '' , reached number one on the UK Singles Chart in July 2006 . Her debut record , Alright , Still , was well received , selling over 2.6 million copies worldwide and brought Allen a nomination at the Grammy Awards , Brit Awards and MTV Video Music Awards . She began hosting her own talk-show , Lily Allen and Friends , on BBC Three . Her second studio album , It 's Not Me , It 's You , saw a genre shift , having more of an electropop feel , rather than the ska and reggae influences of the first one . The album debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and the Australian ARIA Charts and was well received by critics , noting the singer 's musical evolution and maturity . It spawned the hit singles `` The Fear '' and `` Fuck You '' . This success saw her receive the Brit Award for British Female Solo Artist at the 2010 Brit Awards . Allen and Amy Winehouse were credited with starting a process that led to the `` year of the women '' media label in 2009 that saw five female artists making music of `` experimentalism and fearlessness '' nominated for the Mercury Prize . In 2009 , Allen announced that she would be taking a hiatus from musical activities . In 2011 , she launched her own record label . In 2013 , Allen revealed that she had begun working on her third studio album , which was later titled Sheezus . On 12 November 2013 , Allen premiered the video for her first original song since 2009 , `` Hard out Here '' , which was released as a single five days later .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe46d777a4bd754fd14179480b5f5a49", "text": "Sad Britney Sad Britney is the third EP from American singer-songwriter Christopher Dallman . It was released on November 9 , 2009 by Beauteous Bird Records . After hearing Dallman 's cover of Britney Spears 's `` Gim me More '' , producer Rachel Alina suggested releasing an EP of Spears 's songs to bring attention to his music . The EP also included covers of `` Radar '' , `` Toxic '' and '' ... Baby One More Time '' . All the songs were recorded during the first day of the recording of his second EP , Never Was . The EP became Dallman 's first record to chart on iTunes . His music video for `` Gim me More '' received attention from Spears 's fans who misenterpreted his message and thought he was parodying her , which he denied .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "255032b8a102a04be06da737061e57d1", "text": "Daniel Craig Daniel Wroughton Craig ( born 2 March 1968 ) is an English actor . He trained at the National Youth Theatre and graduated from the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in 1991 , before beginning his career on stage . His film debut was in the drama The Power of One ( 1992 ) . Other early appearances were in the Disney family film A Kid in King Arthur 's Court ( 1995 ) and the biographical film Elizabeth ( 1998 ) , as well as in the historical war drama television series Sharpe 's Eagle ( 1993 ) and the action-adventure drama series Zorro . Cast as the fictional British secret agent James Bond in October 2005 , his first film in the role , Casino Royale , was released internationally in November 2006 . Craig 's appearances in the British television film Love Is the Devil : Study for a Portrait of Francis Bacon ( 1998 ) , the indie war film The Trench ( 1999 ) , and the drama Some Voices ( 2000 ) attracted the film industry 's attention . This led to roles in bigger productions such as the action film Lara Croft : Tomb Raider ( 2001 ) , the crime thriller Road to Perdition ( 2002 ) , the crime thriller Layer Cake ( 2004 ) , and the Steven Spielberg historical drama Munich ( 2005 ) . Craig achieved international fame when chosen as the sixth actor to play the role of Ian Fleming 's James Bond in the official film series , taking over from Pierce Brosnan in 2005 . Although his casting was initially greeted with scepticism , his debut was highly acclaimed and earned him a BAFTA award nomination , with Casino Royale becoming the highest-grossing in the series at the time . Quantum of Solace followed two years later . Craig 's third Bond film , Skyfall , premiered in 2012 and is currently the highest-grossing film in the series , was the highest-grossing film in the UK until 2015 and the fifteenth highest-grossing film of all time . Craig 's fourth Bond film , Spectre , premiered in 2015 . In 2006 , he joined the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences . Since taking the role of Bond , he has continued to star in other films , including the World War II film Defiance ( 2008 ) , science fiction Western Cowboys & Aliens ( 2010 ) , and the English-language adaptation of Stieg Larsson 's mystery thriller The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( 2011 ) . Craig also made a guest appearance as Bond in the opening ceremony of the London 2012 Olympic Games , alongside Queen Elizabeth II . As of 20 February 2017 , Craig is the second longest serving James Bond , surpassed only by Roger Moore .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "42aa107f14f21ae967783d89266f32d5", "text": "Craig Campbell (album) Craig Campbell is the self-titled debut album of American country music artist Craig Campbell . It features his debut single , `` Family Man '' . The album was released on April 5 , 2011 via Bigger Picture Music Group . As of the chart dated May 7 , 2011 , the album has sold 15,256 copies in the US . The album 's second single , `` Fish , '' was released to country radio on June 6 , 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "63a1d7fa87df73c7a74ffb739269d4f6", "text": "Dexter Roberts Dexter Roberts ( born July 12 , 1991 ) is an American singer from Fayette , Alabama , who was a finalist on the thirteenth season of American Idol , finishing in seventh place .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "565cf7253df6b3f13c52074269b39a38", "text": "Daniel Ryan (actor) Daniel Ryan ( born 1968 as Daniel O'Brien ) is an English actor and writer . He is known for starring as Darren Alexander in the BBC drama comedy Linda Green , Andrew Gilligan in The Government Inspector , Andy Coulson in Steel River Blues and Kenny Reed in The Whistleblowers . His stage credits include Macbeth , A Midsummer Night 's Dream and Richard III . He also appeared as a man who was severely brain-damaged after drink and driving , in part of the COI 's Drinking And Driving Wrecks Lives campaign . In 2008 he appeared in Gethsemane , a new play by David Hare at the National Theatre . He also took over the role of Harry ( Sandy 's husband ) in the special reunion episodes of BBC sitcom As Time Goes By alongside Judi Dench and Geoffrey Palmer , the first actor to portray the part being David Michaels . Ryan also appeared in the 2008 Doctor Who episode `` Midnight '' . In 2010 he was very well received for his performance in Posh by Laura Wade at the Royal Court Theatre in London . As a writer , his work has been performed by the RSC and at the Edinburgh Festival . He appeared on the Teen Drama Skins as the father of the third generation character Rich Hardbeck in 2011 and 2012 . In 2014 , he appeared in Salting the Battlefield as Bill Catcheside . He is also known for playing the role of Dan in the Sky Living comedy-drama , Mount Pleasant since 2011 . In 2015 he appeared as Colonel Anthony Forbes-Leith in the BBC TV series Father Brown episode 3.9 `` The Truth in the Wine '' . He has played Welsh butcher Bryn Brindsley in the ITV war-time drama Home Fires from 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a74a4c1214876b71df472a8c28da102d", "text": "Craigie Horsfield Craigie Horsfield ( born 1949 in Cambridge ) is an English artist . In 1996 he was nominated for the annual Turner Prize . Horsfield described his work ( photographs of the environments and people around him ) as , `` intimate in scale but its ambition is , uncomfortable as I find it , towards an epic dimension , to describe the history of our century , and the centuries beyond , the seething extent of the human condition . '' He often prints the photographs many years after they were first taken , bringing into contrast memory and the present reality . His work was shown in Documenta XI , Kassel in 2002 and the Whitney Biennial in 2003 . He lives and works in London and New York .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "671ae2ccec7e4d6f5bce8b27a9b8843f", "text": "Alec Craig Alexander Younger Craig `` Alec '' Craig ( 30 March 1884 -- 25 June 1945 ) , was a Scottish character actor , particularly known for his roles in Mutiny on the Bounty ( 1935 ) and National Velvet ( 1944 ) . He was particularly known for portraying stereotypically tight-fisted Scotsmen . Alec Craig was born on 30 March 1884 in Dunfermline , Fife , Scotland , the son of James Chapman Craig and his wife Isabella . Craig died of tuberculosis on 25 June 1945 , aged 61 , in Glendale , California , US . He is buried there at Grand View Memorial Park Cemetery .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a952438c19a965522bd39fba6367c58a", "text": "Daniel Menzel Daniel Menzel ( born 13 September 1991 ) is a professional Australian rules footballer , currently playing for the Geelong Football Club in the Australian Football League ( AFL ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ac0bb277876929e2b7911bfae45b2d0", "text": "Craig McConnell Craig ( Robert ) McConnell ( born 1978 ) is a Canadian music producer , film and television composer , and songwriter . His ten feature films have received theatrical distribution in over 50 countries . His music is also featured in more than 4000 episodes of television broadcasting in over 25 countries worldwide . His film scoring credits include Irvine Welsh 's Ecstasy ( from the author of Trainspotting ) , Textuality ( starring Jason Lewis ) , Animal 2 ( starring Ving Rhames ) and 5ive Girls ( starring Ron Perlman ) . For television , he has composed for international TV series such as Word Girl ( PBS ) , Wedding SOS ( Slice ) and Property Virgins ( HGTV ) . Along with partner Justin Forsley , he recently wrote the theme song and underscore for the sitcom Life With Boys , from the creators of Hannah Montana . In 2012 , he was nominated for `` Best Music '' at the 2012 British Independent Film Festival ( BIFF ) Awards for his work on Irvine Welsh 's Ecstasy . Craig is an award-winning songwriter and producer ( Winner , USA Songwriting Competition , Best R&B ) with credits in North America , Asia and Europe across many musical genres . Recent artists include Keshia Chante ( Tanjola/Universal ) , Raghav ( Fontana ) , Crystal Kay ( Epic/Sony ) , Chemistry ( DefStar/Sony ) and Juno-winner Divine Brown . McConnell holds a B.A.Sc from the University of Toronto ( Engineering Science ) and currently sits on the Board of Directors of the Screen Composers Guild of Canada . He is also the President of the production music company hard Music Design .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f7c0d3a853234221441c96a18b84441", "text": "Daniel Freire Daniel Freire ( born 29 December 1961 in Buenos Aires ) is an Argentine film actor . He entered film in 1993 in Un Muro de silencio and has appeared in over 15 films including Las Aventuras de Dios 2000 in which he portrayed Jesus Christ and Arizona Sur in 2004 . In 2005 he appeared in 27 episodes of the Spanish TV series Motivos personales . He has lived in Spain since 1999 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67632142fb431afbb029c86e607e1399", "text": "Daniel Hood Daniel Hood is an American writer of fantasy novels . He was born in Pelham , a small town just north of the Bronx . He wrote his first book in 1991 , which was published in 1994 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "898bafeeeab5db6e64b7c21ee8356925", "text": "Daniel Gross Daniel Gross ( born August 4 , 1967 ) is an American journalist and author . Since July 2012 he has been editor of global finance for Daily Beast/Newsweek . He was formerly Senior Editor at Newsweek , and between 2010 and 2012 was employed at Yahoo! Finance . A native of East Lansing , Michigan , Gross graduated from East Lansing High School ( 1985 ) and Cornell University ( B.A. , 1989 ) , and holds an A.M. ( 1991 ) in American history from Harvard University .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bb363a6dbc6f67949844b1889fc1620", "text": "Daniel Kitson Daniel Kitson ( born 2 July 1977 ) is an English comedian .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "498a879114b6d636dc4dcc11275c86fa", "text": "Daniel Zovatto Daniel Zovatto ( born June 28 , 1991 ) is a Costa Rican film and television actor . Since 2012 , he has starred in films of the horror genre , Beneath ( 2013 ) , It Follows ( 2014 ) , and Do n't Breathe ( 2016 ) , as well as the romantic comedy Laggies ( 2014 ) . Zovatto made his television debut in 2014 , guest starring in an episode of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. . He has since held recurring roles as Gideon LeMarchal in Revenge ( 2014 ) , and Jack in Fear the Walking Dead ( 2016 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe0a358f675a3134302798e5f648c410", "text": "Skyfall Skyfall is the 23rd James Bond film produced by Eon Productions and released in 2012 . It features Daniel Craig in his third performance as James Bond , and Javier Bardem as Raoul Silva , the film 's villain . It was directed by Sam Mendes and written by Neal Purvis , Robert Wade and John Logan , and features an Academy Award-winning theme , sung by Adele . It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ( MGM ) and Columbia Pictures . The story centres on Bond investigating an attack on MI6 ; the attack is part of a plot by former MI6 agent Raoul Silva to humiliate , discredit and kill M as revenge against her for betraying him . The film sees the return of two recurring characters to the series after an absence of two films : Q , played by Ben Whishaw , and Moneypenny , played by Naomie Harris . Skyfall is the last film of the series for Judi Dench , who played M , a role that she had played in the previous six films . The position is subsequently filled by Ralph Fiennes ' character , Gareth Mallory , though Dench would make a brief appearance in the next Bond film , Spectre . Mendes was approached to direct the film after the release of Quantum of Solace in 2008 . Development was suspended when MGM encountered financial troubles and did not resume until December 2010 ; during this time , Mendes remained attached to the project as a consultant . The original screenwriter , Peter Morgan , left the project during the suspension . When production resumed , Logan , Purvis , and Wade continued writing what became the final version of the script . Filming began in November 2011 and primarily took place in the United Kingdom , with smaller portions shot in China and Turkey . Skyfall premiered in London at the Royal Albert Hall on 23 October 2012 and was released in the United Kingdom on 26 October 2012 and the United States on 9 November 2012 . It was the first James Bond film to be screened in IMAX venues , although it was not filmed with IMAX cameras . The film 's release coincided with the 50th anniversary of the series , which began with Dr. No in 1962 . Skyfall was positively received by critics , being praised for its performances -- particularly those of Craig , Bardem and Dench -- writing and script , cinematography , Mendes ' direction , Thomas Newman 's score , and the action scenes . It was the 14th film to gross over $ 1 billion worldwide , and the first Bond film to do so . It became the seventh-highest-grossing film at the time , the highest-grossing film in the UK , the highest-grossing film in the series , the highest-grossing film worldwide for both Sony Pictures and MGM , and the second-highest-grossing film of 2012 . The film won several accolades , including two BAFTA Awards , two Academy Awards and two Grammys .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d78b1c6fa1f832e66af0d7c0eeabb15", "text": "Craig Berkey Craig Berkey ( June 18 , 1962 ) is a Canadian sound engineer . He has been nominated for three Academy Awards . He has worked on over 80 films since 1990 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66fa2cc12fa9c53fd3b2bb23510198c7", "text": "Craig Winn Craig Winn is an anti-Islamic American author and former businessman . He has self-published five books , including several on terrorism and Islam . His longest book is called Yada Yahweh . After the events of September 11 , Winn began a research project with colleague Ken Power to `` uncover the roots of terrorism '' . September 11, 2001 attacks They visited 120 countries and interviewed members of al-Qaeda , Hamas , Islamic Jihad , Fatah , Al-Aqsa Martyrs ' Brigades , Force 17 , the Palestinian Authority , the Knesset , IDF , and US generals , as well as Israeli secret service agents in the Mossad and Shin Bet . The two published their findings in the novel Tea With Terrorists . Winn has made numerous appearances in the media around the United States , including 1500 radio interviews by his own count . Some of the shows are made available on his website . Winn has been interviewed by Business Week.BW Talk : The Spy Who Came In From ... Prior to becoming an author , Winn was a businessman who founded the now defunct ValueAmerica.com . In 2010 Winn repudiated the letters of St Paul , in his online book Questioning Paul .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f3384e85a56aec0e39571ec17cb9717", "text": "Stuart Craig Norman Stuart Craig ( born 14 April 1942 ) is a noted British production designer . He has also designed the sets , together with his frequent collaborator set decorator , the late Stephenie McMillan , on all of the Harry Potter films to date . At Potter author J. K. Rowling 's request , he worked with Universal Creative team to design the Wizarding World of Harry Potter at Universal 's Islands of Adventure theme park . Rowling said in a December 2007 interview on the Potter podcast PotterCast , `` The key thing for me was that , if there was to be a theme park , that Stuart Craig ... would be involved . ... More than involved , that he would pretty much design it . Because I love the look of the films ; they really mirror what 's been in my imagination for all these years '' . He has been nominated for 10 Academy Awards , and has won three : in 1982 for Gandhi , in 1988 for Dangerous Liaisons , and in 1996 for The English Patient . He has been nominated for a BAFTA award fourteen times , including for first six and last Potter film , and has won twice : in 1980 for The Elephant Man and in 2005 for Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire . Stuart Craig has been nominated for a BAFTA Award for consecutive six films in a row , viz . for consecutive first six Harry Potter films . For his work on The English Patient , Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone , Harry Potter and Order of the Phoenix , Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince , and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 1 and Part 2 , Craig was nominated for an Art Directors Guild award and won the same for The English Patient and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 2 . The Guild has also honored Craig with a Lifetime Achievement Award at the awards ceremony on 16 February 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "399babd1a13b5140e29698a0926e2b39", "text": "Craig Mullaney Craig M. Mullaney is a United States Army veteran and author of The Unforgiving Minute : A Soldier 's Education ( Penguin Press ) . He was Senior Vice President of Content , Strategy and Operations at Ustream from 2011-13 . He also served as Senior Policy Advisor working for the United States Agency for International Development . He currently works on Strategic Partner Development at Facebook .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2e9f7d3a27629cc7475a5337a7d7998", "text": "Daniel Curtis Lee Daniel Curtis Lee ( born May 17 , 1991 ) is an American actor , comedian , and rapper . He is best known for playing Simon `` Cookie '' Nelson-Cook on the Nickelodeon series Ned 's Declassified School Survival Guide and Kornelius `` Kojo '' Jonesworth on the Disney XD sitcom Zeke & Luther . He has also appeared in other television shows , such as First Monday and The Shield , and films such as Friday After Next .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e357dc4d8eb239aee6e13f3a6e8ee973", "text": "Jon Craig Jon Craig ( born 9 August 1957 ) is the Chief Political Correspondent of Sky News , the 24-hour television news service operated by Sky Television , part of British Sky Broadcasting . He has occupied this position since July 2006 . He is a former Political Editor of two national newspapers , the Daily Express and the Sunday Express , and of BBC London , and was a lobby correspondent at Westminster for more than 30 years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bdcf217a1c0c2f1555e604bfbf89ff00", "text": "Craig (given name) Craig is an English-language masculine given name of an ultimately Celtic derivation . The name has two origins . In some cases it can originate from a nickname , derived from the Scottish Gaelic word creag , meaning `` rock , '' similar to Peter . In other cases , the given name originates from the Scottish surname Craig , which is also derived from the same Scottish Gaelic word . Cognate forms of creag include the Irish creig , Manx creg , and Welsh craig . The English word `` crag '' also shares an origin with these Celtic words . The given name Craig is popular in Scotland , and is used throughout the English speaking world , though in North America it is often pronounced with a short vowel sound , as in `` egg , '' while the British pronunciation sounds like the diphthong in `` brain . ''", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "87506182853b9cac9bffa11966feab6d", "text": "Sunrise (company) is a Japanese animation studio and production enterprise . It is a subsidiary of Bandai Namco Holdings . Its former name was Nippon Sunrise , and prior to that , Sunrise Studios . Its headquarters is located in Suginami , Tokyo . Among Japan 's largest and most famous studios , Sunrise is renowned for several critically lauded and popular original anime series , such as Gundam , Cowboy Bebop , Space Runaway Ideon , Armored Trooper Votoms , Yoroiden Samurai Troopers , Future GPX Cyber Formula , Crush Gear Turbo , The Vision of Escaflowne , Love Live School Idol Project , Witch Hunter Robin , My-HiME , My-Otome , Code Geass : Lelouch of the Rebellion , Tiger & Bunny , Cross Ange : Rondo of Angel and Dragon , as well as its numerous adaptations of acclaimed light novels including Dirty Pair , Horizon in the Middle of Nowhere and Accel World , and manga such as City Hunter , InuYasha , Outlaw Star , Yakitate !! Japan , Planetes , Keroro Gunso , Gin Tama , Kekkaishi and several others . Many of Sunrise 's original anime include similar themes , including mecha and masked identities accompanied with fluid animation . Because of the fluidity and high degree of details on much of their works , fans refer to their animation works as `` Sunrise Smooth '' . Most of their works are mostly original titles created in-house by their creative staffs that went into a collective pseudonym called Hajime Yatate . They also previously operated a now defunct video game studio of their own named Sunrise Interactive . Sunrise also launched their own light novel publication titled Yatate Bunko Imprint on September 30 , 2016 aimed to publish new original titles and also to supplemment their already existing franchises with new materials . Anime created by Sunrise that have won the Animage Anime Grand Prix prize are Mobile Suit Gundam in 1979 and the first half of 1980 , Space Runaway Ideon in the second half of 1980 , Crusher Joe ( co-production with Studio Nue ) in 1983 , Dirty Pair in 1985 , Future GPX Cyber Formula in 1991 , Gundam SEED in 2002 , Gundam SEED Destiny in 2004 and 2005 , Code Geass : Lelouch of the Rebellion in 2006 and 2007 and Code Geass R2 in 2008 , thus making Sunrise as the studio that won the most number of Animage Awards .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "19109a0dfac0381428ae940f24596580", "text": "Sony α Sony α ( the lower case to Greek letter alpha , often transliterated as Sony Alpha ) , is a camera system introduced on 5 June 2006 . It uses and expands upon Konica Minolta camera technologies , including the Minolta AF SLR lens mount , whose assets were acquired by Sony after the end of Konica Minolta 's photography operations in early 2006 . Sony also has an 11.08 % ownership stake in Japanese lens manufacturer Tamron , which is known to have partnered with Konica Minolta and Sony in the design and manufacture of many zoom lenses . Prior to the acquisition by Sony , the α branding had already been used on the Japanese market by Minolta for their AF camera system ( marketed as `` Dynax '' in Europe , and `` Maxxum '' in North America ) . Sony adopted the name `` A-mount system '' for the Minolta AF lens mount , which has been retained in their new SLR range . Sony 's entry into the DSLR market dates back to July 2005 where a joint venture with Konica Minolta would have resulted in both companies marketing an updated line of DSLRs to the masses . Between 2006 and 2008 Sony was the fastest growing company on the DSLR market , reaching 13 % market share in 2008 to become the third largest DSLR company in the world . In May 2010 , Sony introduced two α NEX mirrorless interchangeable lens cameras equipped with the new proprietary Sony E-mount . A-mount lenses can be used in E-mount cameras with an adapter - four different adapters are available from Sony alone . Sony announced plans to introduce a special camera service programme for professional photographers since the launch of the α900 in 2008 . Sony Imaging PRO Support ( a.k.a. SPS ) was finally established starting between 2013 and 2015 depending on country .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d1231c4b0b5572ecfd5be9e6d6fa7600", "text": "Metalworks Studios Metalworks Studios is a music recording studio in Mississauga , Ontario ( Greater Toronto Area ) , Canada . It was established in 1978 by Gil Moore of the Canadian rock group Triumph ( Inductee of the Mississauga Music Walk of Fame ) . Over a span of more than 30 years , Metalworks has become one of Canada 's best recording studios and is the 17 time recipient of Canadian Music Week 's ` Studio of the Year ' . Since 1978 Metalworks Studios , has expanded into a six studio facility offering in-house tracking , mixing and mastering , as well as video editing and DVD authoring . In 2004 , Metalworks Studios launched an adjacent educational facility ; Metalworks Institute . Metalworks Studios offers a classic Neve and multiple SSL consoles with an assortment of vintage analogue and digital outboard gear for tracking , overdubs and/or mixing . Combined with a knowledgeable staff of engineers and sonically treated rooms , Metalworks has been key in providing Multi-Platinum award-winning music that spans a wide array of artists and genre . Metalworks Studios has won 17 ` Studio of the Year ' awards at Canadian Music Week from 1998-2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc1b4db6518ad28cf4add3c803c363fa", "text": "Sawgrass Mills Sawgrass Mills is a shopping mall operated by the Simon Property Group , in Sunrise , Florida , a city in Broward County . With 2383906 sqft of retail selling space , it is the eleventh largest mall in the United States , the largest single story mall in the U.S. , and the second largest mall in Florida . The mall opened in 1990 as the third mall developed by the now-defunct Mills Corporation ( now part of Simon Property Group ) , and has been expanded four times since then , most recently in 2013 . There are over 300 retail outlets and name brand discounters , with anchors including Off 5th Saks Fifth Avenue , and Super Target . Because of its size , Sawgrass Mills is divided into three parts : the main mall with four main `` Avenue '' sections and a `` Fashion Avenue '' subsection ; `` The Oasis at Sawgrass Mills '' , an outdoor component opened in 1999 including GameWorks which is now GameRoom , Regal Cinemas , Ron Jon Surf Shop , Nordstrom Rack and `` The Colonnade Outlets at Sawgrass Mills '' was opened in 2006 as an upscale lifestyle area with shops and restaurants , anchored by Last Call By Neiman Marcus . Additionally , there are numerous `` outparcel '' stores and plazas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3a2a12b623c3e4e49aadcd3b959e19a", "text": "Sunrise Radio (Yorkshire) Sunrise Radio Yorkshire is an Asian radio station in Bradford , West Yorkshire , in the United Kingdom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5e8b15649bb8891fe000cfbd770433a", "text": "Vegas Movie Studio Vegas Movie Studio ( previously Sony Vegas Movie Studio ) is a consumer-based nonlinear video editing software designed for the PC . It is a scaled-down version of Vegas Pro . Movie Studio was formerly called `` Sonic Foundry VideoFactory '' and then `` Sony Screenblast Movie Studio , '' . As of version 13 , Vegas Movie studio is now part of Magix GmbH after Sony had officially announced it had sold most of its creative software suit to the German based company . On February 14 , 2017 , Magix announced a brand new version of Vegas movie studio , Vegas movie studio 14.0 , which is the first stable release of Vegas movie studio since 2014 and Magix first stable release since its acquisition from Sony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7c156a1b2906b1148ae2ed6b52eded3", "text": "Sunrise Mountain (Nevada) Sunrise Mountain is located east of Las Vegas in Clark County , Nevada . Even though Sunrise Mountain is over 3.3 mi NNW of higher peak Frenchman Mountain many people in the Las Vegas Valley refer to Frenchman Mountain as Sunrise Mountain since the sun rises from behind it . This confusion dates back many years and the National Geodetic Survey bench mark placed in 1947 on the summit of Frenchman Mountain is designated `` Sunrise '' . During World War II the U.S. Army maintained an airway beacon on the summit and as of 2007 , remains of the tower could still be found .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "467170800c5404a550038645d9b286b1", "text": "Sunrise Records (retailer) Sunrise Records is an Ancaster , Ontario-based record store chain . Currently owned by Douglas Putman ( whose family also runs Everest Toys ) , it operates nine locations in the province of Ontario . In February 2017 , the chain announced a major expansion under which it will purchase leases for 70 locations occupied by the bankrupt HMV Canada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1ecfcd375ad756ea4832acf5761f00b", "text": "The Complete Studio Recordings (Led Zeppelin album) The Complete Studio Recordings is a ten compact disc box set by the English rock group Led Zeppelin , released by Atlantic Records on 24 September 1993 . It contains all nine of the original Led Zeppelin studio albums digitally remastered , and an expanded version of Coda . The albums are placed in chronological order with the exception of Presence which appears between Houses of the Holy and Physical Graffiti . The intention was to have the latter in one two-disc-sleeve . The set 's version of Coda included some of the previously unreleased tracks that had surfaced on the box set series : `` Baby Come On Home '' , `` Travelling Riverside Blues '' , `` White Summer/Black Mountain Side '' , and `` Hey , Hey , What Can I Do '' . In 2007 , when the Led Zeppelin catalog was released to digital stores , the expanded track list for Coda was used , but omitted `` Travelling Riverside Blues '' because of its inclusion with BBC Sessions . The set also includes a booklet featuring an extended essay by rock journalist Cameron Crowe and photos of the band . The album cover depicts the inside structure of a zeppelin . This title has been discontinued just prior to the launch of Mothership , and is now superseded by the Definitive Collection Mini LP Replica CD Boxset , which was released in September 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2845c457a721a5cb0cee30dd07e85762", "text": "Sunrise Avenue discography The following is the discography of Sunrise Avenue , a Finnish rock band originally formed in 1992 as `` Sunrise '' . The band changed its name to `` Sunrise Avenue '' in 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "feea4a89550e035c58d744efde7e9567", "text": "Animation stand An animation stand is a device assembled for the filming of any kind of animation that is placed on a flat surface , including cel animation , graphic animation , clay animation , and silhouette animation . Traditionally , the flat surface that the animation rests on is some kind of table that the animator sits at . Pegs made specifically for animation are embedded into the table , in at least two slots allowing the pegs to slide from side to side , permitting horizontal movement of images , but can also be easily fixed into position for the accurate positioning ( `` registration '' ) of the artwork . Opposite the animator is a series of supporting arms and supports , on top of which is mounted a film or video camera , pointing down toward the artwork , which films the artwork , frame-by-frame , as it is slowly moved and changed by the operator . The vertical positioning of the animation camera , always shooting down , is the main component that defines an animation stand , as opposed to a stop motion set-up , or other equipment arrangements for animation production . Animation stands can be homemade , from metal or wood , such as that owned by Los Angeles animator Mike Jittlov , and still accomplish impressive animation production ; or they can be elaborate ( and expensive ) professionally made precision systems that allow for the computerised movements of both the art and the camera , as has been traditionally used by professional animation studios and special effects facilities such as the Walt Disney studio ( famous for their Multiplane camera ) and George Lucas 's Industrial Light & Magic ( ILM ) facilities .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f8e1b88a76ddc0e3212d9a384461687", "text": "Blueprint for a Sunrise Blueprint for a Sunrise is a concept album of experimental feminist rock by Yoko Ono . It features live tracks , samples and remixes of previous recordings , and a sequel . The recurring theme throughout is the suffering of women . In the liner notes , Ono talks about the continuing relevance of feminism and `` waking up in the middle of the night hearing thousands of women screaming '' . It did not chart but was critically acclaimed and became an underground hit . The album has sold around 3,000 copies in the USA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39c514014bd4da9b37a0ee56382c1311", "text": "Sun Studio Sun Studio is a recording studio opened by rock-and-roll pioneer Sam Phillips at 706 Union Avenue in Memphis , Tennessee , on January 3 , 1950 . It was originally called Memphis Recording Service , sharing the same building with the Sun Records label business . Reputedly the first rock and roll single , Jackie Brenston and his Delta Cats ' `` Rocket 88 '' was recorded there in 1951 with song composer Ike Turner on keyboards , leading the studio to claim status as the birthplace of rock & roll . Blues and R&B artists like Howlin ' Wolf , Junior Parker , Little Milton , B.B. King , James Cotton , Rufus Thomas , and Rosco Gordon recorded there in the early 1950s . Rock and roll , country music , and rockabilly artists , including Johnny Cash , Elvis Presley , Carl Perkins , Roy Orbison , Charlie Feathers , Ray Harris , Warren Smith , Charlie Rich , and Jerry Lee Lewis , recorded there throughout the mid-to-late 1950s until the studio outgrew its Union Avenue location . Sam Phillips opened the larger Sam C. Phillips Recording Studio , better known as Phillips Recording , in 1959 to replace the older facility . Since Phillips had invested in the Holiday Inn Hotel chain earlier , he also recorded artists starting in 1963 on the label Holiday Inn Records for Kemmons Wilson . In 1957 , Bill Justis recorded his Grammy Hall of Fame song `` Raunchy '' for Sam Phillips and worked as a musical director at Sun Records . In 1969 , Sam Phillips sold the label to Shelby Singleton , and there was no recording-related or label-related activity again in the building until the September 1985 Class of '55 recording sessions with Carl Perkins , Roy Orbison , Jerry Lee Lewis , and Johnny Cash , produced by Chips Moman . In 1987 , the original building housing the Sun Records label and Memphis Recording Service was reopened by Gary Hardy as `` Sun Studio , '' a recording label and tourist attraction that has attracted many notable artists , such as U2 , Def Leppard , Bonnie Raitt , and Ringo Starr . In 2005 , Brian Setzer ( of Stray Cats fame ) released his Rockabilly Riot Vol . 1 : A Tribute To Sun Records album . Although not recorded at Sun it did feature various Sun Records recordings including some hits and other more obscure songs . In 2007 , Canadian rockabilly band the Kingmakers recorded a selection of originals and classics such as Elvis Presley 's `` That 's All Right '' at Sun Studio , released as their first CD `` Live at SUN Studio '' . In May 2009 , Canadian blues artist JW-Jones recorded with blues legend Hubert Sumlin , Larry Taylor and Richard Innes for his 2010 release at the studio . In July 2009 , John Mellencamp recorded nine songs for his album No Better Than This at the studio . In 2011 , Chris Isaak released `` Beyond the Sun , '' a collection of songs recorded at Sun Studio , most of which are cover versions of songs originally released on Sun Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a96720151a66d64c7483a386c3819d80", "text": "Digital intermediate Digital intermediate ( typically abbreviated to DI ) is a motion picture finishing process which classically involves digitizing a motion picture and manipulating the color and other image characteristics . It often replaces or augments the photochemical timing process and is usually the final creative adjustment to a movie before distribution in theaters . It is distinguished from the telecine process in which film is scanned and color is manipulated early in the process to facilitate editing . However the lines between telecine and DI are continually blurred and are often executed on the same hardware by colorists of the same background . These two steps are typically part of the overall color management process in a motion picture at different points in time . A digital intermediate is also customarily done at higher resolution and with greater color fidelity than telecine transfers . Although originally used to describe a process that started with film scanning and ended with film recording , digital intermediate is also used to describe color correction and color grading and even final mastering when a digital camera is used as the image source and/or when the final movie is not output to film . This is due to recent advances in digital cinematography and digital projection technologies that strive to match film origination and film projection . In traditional photochemical film finishing , an intermediate is produced by exposing film to the original camera negative . The intermediate is then used to mass-produce the films that get distributed to theaters . Color grading is done by varying the amount of red , green , and blue light used to expose the intermediate . This seeks to be able to replace or augment the photochemical approach to creating this intermediate . The digital intermediate process uses digital tools to color grade , which allows for much finer control of individual colors and areas of the image , and allows for the adjustment of image structure ( grain , sharpness , etc. ) . The intermediate for film reproduction can then be produced by means of a film recorder . The physical intermediate film that is a result of the recording process is sometimes also called a digital intermediate , and is usually recorded to internegative ( IN ) stock , which is inherently finer-grain than camera negative ( OCN ) . One of the key technical achievements that made the transition to DI possible was the use of the 3D look-up tables ( aka `` 3D LUTs '' ) , which could be used to mimic how the digital image would look once it was printed onto release print stock . This removed a large amount of skilled guesswork from the film-making process , and allowed greater freedom in the colour grading process while reducing risk . The digital master is often used as a source for a DCI-compliant distribution of the motion picture for digital projection . For archival purposes , the digital master created during the Digital Intermediate process can still be recorded to very stable high dynamic range yellow-cyan-magenta ( YCM ) separations on black-and-white film with an expected 100-year or longer life . This archival format , long used in the industry prior to the invention of DI , still provides an archival medium that is independent of changes in digital data recording technologies and file formats that might otherwise render digitally archived material unreadable in the long term .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a3e9100c60dbc2935a79ff28d0f3e5a", "text": "Radio Recorders Radio Recorders , Inc. located at 7000 Santa Monica Boulevard , was a recording studio based in Los Angeles , California . Many notable musicians are reported to have been recorded in the studio include Billie Holiday , Charlie Parker , Jimmie Rodgers , Louis Armstrong , Mario Lanza , Elvis Presley , Jimi Hendrix , Frank Zappa , Paul Frees and The Carpenters among others . In its prime , the studio was known as the best recording facility in Los Angeles . During the forties and fifties , Radio Recorders was responsible for recording countless radio shows , both network and local , for delayed broadcast , not always for California , but for many western states . Telephone lines ran to all the important stations and the networks . Studio C was the nerve center with at least six recording lathes and turntables and an `` on-the-air '' playback turntable protected by a railing so that it would not be bumped while it was playing a program onto the air . The recording lathes were shock mounted in sand to prevent rumble from the street cars on Santa Monica Boulevard . For much of that era , the recordings were made and played back on lacquer coated aluminum discs , before tape recording was introduced . The room could handle several programs at once , 24 hours a day , and quite often a single engineer on duty would have his hands full . Most of the major labels used Radio Recorders well into the 1960s . Columbia , RCA Victor , Capitol , and Decca ultimately had their own facilities , but Radio Recorders was still the choice of many independent labels and both popular and classical artists , from Stravinsky to Elvis . In addition , most of the jingles were recorded there . In 1962 H.B. Barnum and Bill Aken chose the annex to record their big band version of ` Goody , Goody '' for Governor Goodwin J. ( Goodie ) Knight 's re-election campaign . Additionally in 1962 Bill Aken would record the classic ` Theme For Shock Theater , ' again with engineer Phil Yeend working the board . The main location at 7000 Santa Monica had two large studios and some smaller ones , as well as disc mastering facilities . In 1946 , the company remodeled a warehouse at 1032 North Sycamore Avenue and built a large studio , capable of handling approximately fifty musicians . This studio was known as Radio Recorders Annex , or , within the industry , just `` The Annex . '' The warehouse originally belonged to RCA Victor and `` the Annex '' was a legendary studio that Victor had built in their warehouse back in the ` 30 's . In 1965 , Radio Recorders ' star engineer , Thorne Nogar , purchased The Annex and started his own independent Annex Studios , which attracted a distinguished clientele as a full service studio , including mastering . For many years , Lawrence Welk pre-recorded the music for his popular television show , becoming the most important client ; in addition , in the 1960s and 1970s Annex mastered for such labels as Uni Records , Dot Records and Ranwood Records , as well as cutting early pressings of Barbra Streisand 's hit single `` The Way We Were . '' The Annex 's location now houses The Record Plant Studios . In the late 1980 's the studio was reopened as Studio 56 by Paul Shwartz . At that time bands such as Guns & Roses , Sugar Ray , Toni Braxton , Brandy , No Doubt and others recorded there . The documentary `` Standing in the Shadows of Motown '' was also partially filmed there . Kenneth Crouh , Keith Crouch and Leon Sylvers were all house producers there at that time . In 2002 the studio gained two new partners Pride Hutchison and Michael Dumas . The studio was then brought back to business under its original name Radio Recorders , and they enlisted the help of longtime friends Jordan Winsen and Steve Loiacano as their staff second engineers . Tom O'Brien , who was working for Schwartz , was kept on as chief engineer . In 2004 the property was declared a historic attraction but never achieved official landmark status by the city of Los Angeles . From 2002 to 2008 the studio welcomed many great projects and clients including Natalie Cole , Dwight Yoakum , Lucinda Williams , Lil ' John , Exzihbit , Annie Lennox and many more ... The facility closed again in 2008 a midst a fraud dispute between Hutchison , Dumas and Shwartz , Silent owners seeking to save the building and real estate property flipper David Bennet . In the end the building was sold in bankruptcy court . Shwartz was left broke , betrayed and feeling blindly used . With lack of capital to fight and overturn the courts decision , the silent owners were left with no moves and the legendary Radio Recorders building was gutted and demolished from the inside . The story as it goes from the inside supposedly is : Schwartz had a partner before Dumas and Hutchison who passed away and with him likely many of the studios strongest contracts . Under Schwartz mismanagement the studio struggled and subsequently defaulted on all financial obligations . Hutchinson and Dumas than found Schwartz in a vulnerable position and for a total sum if 50-60k each ( 100k ) Schwartz agreed to partner with them . It is unclear whether they were ever added to the deed or if this money ever went to debts . Its also rumored that during the period of their partnership many raves were held in soundstage studio E ( dubbed so for Elvis ) and rampant drug abuse took place and continued among the partners . It is known that methamphetamine was found in the cupboards of the studio kitchen shortly after Schwartz and that his behavior was often erratic . What than takes place is a battle for property rights among all involved both the silent partner and David Bennet claiming they paid Schwartz a sum of money for his rights . One side is that a late night meeting took place with notary a menial fee was given to Schwartz and he gave his rights . The other side is David Bennet provided compensation to both Dumas and Hutchison in excess of 50k each for their investment as well as 100k to Schwartz in return for all of their rights . The problem for Bennet being a flipper was that currently each studio was occupied by a tenant and this other silent partner was laying claim . He proceeded to systematically attempt to forge alliances under the false premises that all who helped would bennifit either from the sale / that he would n't sell the building and had no intention of gutting it but rather would maintain it as a studio/That he would sell the property atca fair price to a tenant if they helped him and could raise the capital in a small window . . Supposedly this stipulation was met and Bennet than backed out on his agreement . Hutchison and Dumas were the first to go followed by others . All gear by this point including the piano axel rose recorded November rain with was liquidated and only one studio operated in the building . When Bennet backed out of his deal ( or perhaps the money was never actually raised ) the fight for ownership intensified . Reportedly glass doors were shatterd having had the hinge pins pulled from them and orange Xs were spray painted on other wooden doors of vacant rooms when no one was around . While the silent partner and tenant had teamed up . The results were the same radio recorders studios shut its doors September 2009 . Sleepy Brown of Organized Noise would be the last artist to produce a record in the building . Despite Bennett 's best assurances the studios would all be gutted turned into accounting offices sadly only to become owned by a studio company againv . Schwartz sadly would take his own life.Today the space is used for art exhibits . In 2010 the property was once again sold and is now part of the Siren Production Company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0845f5429f40c03b4667096af525502", "text": "A-1 Pictures A-1 Pictures Inc. is a Japanese animation studio founded by ex-Sunrise producer Mikihiro Iwata , a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment ( Japan ) 's anime production firm Aniplex .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e17124d2b86b8672f4a58461e6fdb92b", "text": "Old Warner Brothers Studio The Old Warner Brothers Studio , officially called today Sunset Bronson Studios ( formerly known as KTLA Studios and Tribune Studios ) , is a motion picture , radio and television production facility located on Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood , California . The studio was the site where the first talking feature film , The Jazz Singer was filmed in 1927 . Originally built in 1919 , the main building fronting Sunset Boulevard was the site of a bowling alley during the 1940s and 50s . In the mid 1950s , the studio lot was divided in two , between KTLA television and Paramount Pictures . In 1963 , the entire lot was taken over by new owner Gene Autry ( as KTLA Studios ) and became the home of KTLA Television : Golden West Broadcasters . In 1984 , the lot was purchased by Tribune Company ( as Tribune Studios ) , before finally coming under the ownership of Hudson Capital as Sunset Bronson Studios . Due to its role in the history of the motion picture business , the site was designated as a Historic Cultural Landmark in LAHCM 1977 . The distinctive Executive Office Building , part of Warner Brothers original studio lot , was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9bda760e90feee8dc834d6b49866e43c", "text": "Morning Phase Morning Phase is the ninth official studio album and twelfth overall by American singer Beck . The album was released in February 2014 by his new label , Capitol Records . According to a press release , Morning Phase is a `` companion piece '' to Beck 's 2002 album Sea Change . Several of the musicians who recorded parts for Sea Change returned to record for Morning Phase . Upon release the album received critical acclaim and was nominated for five awards at the 57th Annual Grammy Awards , winning three : Album of the Year , Best Engineered Album , Non-Classical and Best Rock Album . Along with winning the award , Chris Martin collaborated with Beck to sing `` Heart Is a Drum '' at the Grammys . The roots of the album are similar to Sea Change , as well as 1993 's Golden Feelings and 1994 's One Foot in the Grave . Most of the critics noted the change in sound from several previous recordings , and the genre being the same as Sea Change .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "61863df602aba1eb7c3064a382eb4b40", "text": "Red Studio Red Studio may refer to : The Red Studio or L'Atelier Rouge , a painting by Henri Matisse from 1911 Red 5 Studios , a computer game RED STUDIO , a game project of CD Projekt Red Studio , a motion picture studio in Hollywood .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "846bb7b2199537b2a03679d924557675", "text": "Cue Recording Studios Cue Recording was one of the first 24-track analog recording studios in the Washington , DC area . The DC music scene from the 1970s through today enjoys a professional level of quality that many such studios offer locally . Technology at Cue and other studios has evolved from vintage tape equipment to modern digital recording systems such as Pro Tools . Throughout its 30 years producing recordings for bands , solo artists , politicians , and cable documentaries , it has seen advancements in recording technology and a degradation in industry sound requirements such as the advent of compressed digital files , i.e. mpegs , CDs , etc. . Founded by Jeff Jeffrey in 1982 , Cue began recording bands and commercial narrations in a basement studio located in Falls Church , VA. . In 1987 , Jeffrey leased 3500 square feet of space in a commercial building where the next phase Cue began . Today , this building still continues to be Cue 's home with the expansion to 5500 square feet , housing six of its studios . Cue has achieved many accomplishments since its inception . It has been awarded 10 gold and platinum awards for tracking and mixing major label recordings , received three Wammies for Best Studio in the DC area , an Innovative Technology award from Falls Church City , a mid Atlantic Best Studio award from Music Monthly Magazine , and contributed to several Grammy awarded recordings . Cue created its sister enterprise in 2001 , Cue Studios Center for Audio Engineering . A Virginia state certified postsecondary school , `` CSCAE '' offers `` one on one '' and group audio engineering training to its students .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "382dcc4732f29619e5d75c5d6d79393a", "text": "Chernobyl disaster The Chernobyl disaster , also referred to as the Chernobyl accident , was a catastrophic nuclear accident . It occurred on 26 April 1986 in the No. 4 light water graphite moderated reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant near Pripyat , in what was then part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic of the Soviet Union ( USSR ) . During a late night safety test which simulated a station blackout power-failure and in which safety systems were deliberately turned off , a combination of inherent reactor design flaws , together with the reactor operators arranging the core in a manner contrary to the checklist for the test , eventually resulted in uncontrolled reaction conditions that flashed water into steam generating a destructive steam explosion and a subsequent open-air graphite fire.Although most reports on the Chernobyl accident refer to a number of graphite fires , it is highly unlikely that the graphite itself burned . According to the General Atomics website < http://gt-mhr.ga.com/safety.php > : `` It is often incorrectly assumed that the combustion behavior of graphite is similar to that of charcoal and coal . Numerous tests and calculations have shown that it is virtually impossible to burn high-purity , nuclear-grade graphites . '' On Chernobyl , the same source states : `` Graphite played little or no role in the progression or consequences of the accident . The red glow observed during the Chernobyl accident was the expected color of luminescence for graphite at 700 ° C and not a large-scale graphite fire , as some have incorrectly assumed . '' Similarly , nuclear physicist Yevgeny Velikhov , < http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4918742.stm > noted some 2 weeks after the accident that `` Until now the possibility of a catastrophe really did exist : A great quantity of fuel and graphite of the reactor was in an incandescent state '' That is , all the nuclear-decay heat that was generated inside the uranium fuel ( heat which would normally be extracted by back-up coolant pumps , in an undamaged reactor ) was instead responsible for making the fuel itself and any graphite in contact with it , to glow red-hot . This is contrary to the oft cited interpretation , which is that the graphite was red-hot chiefly because it was chemically oxidizing with the air . This fire produced considerable updrafts for about 9 days , that lofted plumes of fission products into the atmosphere , with the estimated radioactive inventory that was released during this very hot fire phase , approximately equal in magnitude to the airborne fission products released in the initial destructive explosion . Practically all of this radioactive material would then go on to fall-out/precipitate onto much of the surface of the western USSR and Europe . The Chernobyl accident dominates the Energy accidents sub-category , of most disastrous nuclear power plant accident in history , both in terms of cost and casualties . It is one of only two nuclear energy accidents classified as a level 7 event ( the maximum classification ) on the International Nuclear Event Scale , the other being the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in Japan in 2011 . The struggle to safeguard against scenarios which were , at many times falsely , perceived as having the potential for greater catastrophe and the later decontamination efforts of the surroundings , ultimately involved over 500,000 workers and cost an estimated 18 billion rubles . During the accident , blast effects caused 2 deaths within the facility and later 29 firemen and employees died in the days-to-months afterward from acute radiation syndrome , with the potential for long-term cancers still being investigated . The remains of the No. 4 reactor building were enclosed in a large sarcophagus ( radiation shield ) by December 1986 , at a time when what was left of the reactor was entering the cold shut-down phase ; the enclosure was built quickly as occupational safety for the crews of the other undamaged reactors at the power station , with No. 3 continuing to produce electricity into 2000 . The accident motivated safety upgrades on all remaining Soviet-designed reactors in the RBMK ( Chernobyl No. 4 ) family , of which eleven continued to power electric grids as of 2013 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "47bf524dc91a981dc7faf54a627a6a7d", "text": "Tyuratam Tyuratam ( Төретам , Töretam Тюратам ) is a station on the main Moscow to Tashkent railway , located in Kazakhstan . The name is a word in the Kazakh language and means `` Töre 's grave '' ; Töre , or more formally , Töre-Baba , was a noble , a descendant of Genghis Khan . Tyuratam is near the Baikonur Cosmodrome , a Russian - formerly Soviet - spaceport , and near the city of Baikonur ( formerly Leninsk ) , which was constructed to service the cosmodrome . At a press conference for the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project , Jules Bergman of ABC News asked : `` Baykonur , if you 'll look on the coordinates , is 135 miles -LSB- 217 km -RSB- away or something . Tyuratam may only be a railhead , but it is the Tyuratam Launch Complex . They call it Baykonur , I know ... . I 'm going to call it Tyuratam . ABC is going to call it Tyuratam . SAC Strategic Air Command calls it Tyuratam . Can we once and for all straighten that out and arrive at a ... name for it , Tom ? '' In the mid 1950s , the Soviet Union announced that space activities were being conducted from the Baykonur Cosmodrome , which was assumed to be near the city of Baykonur , in the Kazakh SSR . In reality , the launch facilities were located 400 km to the southwest at Tyuratam to obfuscate the west as to its true location . It was this launch site that the CIA was trying to locate by systematically tracking over the major rail networks of the Soviet Union in Central Asia with U-2 spy planes . The site was discovered and photographed in 1957 . Francis Gary Powers was scheduled to overfly it on his ill-fated mission in 1960 , but either due to detecting the guidance radar of the defending SA-2 missile battery or cloud cover which prevented him from photographing the site , he avoided Tyuratam and was later shot down over the Ural mountains .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2be7bbf473b3aec4b695847677d6e5a8", "text": "Hyatt Regency walkway collapse The Hyatt Regency walkway collapse took place at the Hyatt Regency Kansas City hotel in Kansas City , Missouri , on July 17 , 1981 . Two vertically contiguous walkways collapsed onto a tea dance being held in the hotel 's lobby . The falling walkways killed 114 and injured 216 . At the time , it was the deadliest structural collapse in U.S. history , not surpassed until the collapse of the World Trade Center towers 20 years later .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f6aa2d8c4b4377219639414da4bc89d", "text": "Kamensk-Shakhtinsky rail disaster The Kamensk-Shakhtinsky rail disaster occurred on August 7 , 1987 , at 01:30 in Kamenskaya station in the town of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky on the North Caucasus Railway in the Soviet Union when a freight train ran into the rear of a passenger train standing in the station , killing 106 . A freight train from Bataisk ( a port on the Don River ) consisting of 55 wagons loaded with Kuban grain , hauled by a pair of VL80-C three section electric locomotives and weighing 5500 tons arrived at Likhaya station where a leakage of air between the 6th and 7th wagons was noticed . The train crew closed the brake line after the 6th wagon , thereby isolating the brakes of the rearmost 49 wagons , meaning that they were not being replenished with air from the locomotives . The locomotive crews were then changed without the new crew being informed of the leak and brake isolation . Complying with the regulations the new crew performed a brake test , the driver noticed the brake had to be applied harder than usual but the driver incorrectly assumed all was in order , and at 00:55 the heavy train began the long descent to Kamensk-Shakhtinsky . As the train accelerated the driver applied the service brake to keep the speed of the train down to 65 km/h but the train continued to accelerate ; the emergency braking proved ineffectual . A warning was sent by radio to Kamenskaya station where a number of trains were standing ( many carrying dangerous chemicals ) . Ahead of the runaway freight train the 10 carriage Rostov-Moscow passenger train was due to stop at Kamenskaya station . The officer on duty at the station attempted to radio the driver to tell him not to stop but was unable to make contact and at 01:28 as it stopped at the station the driver was immediately ordered to continue . Unfortunately the conductor of the train aware that passengers had not yet alighted , pulled the emergency brake ( as demanded by his job description ) . At 01:30 the freight train entered the station travelling at 140 km/h and collided with the rear of the passenger train , destroying three carriages and killing 106 people and injuring more than 100 ( including the locomotive crew of the freight train ) . The two engineers who last checked the brakes on the freight train were each sentenced to 12 years in prison .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96e7bb6d2a31e7eba3f256417f92b7d6", "text": "1990 Tbilisi aerial tramway accident The 1990 Tbilisi aerial tramway accident was an aerial tramway accident in Tbilisi , the capital of Soviet Georgia on June 1 , 1990 , which resulted in 20 deaths and at least 15 injuries . The accident involved 2 gondolas on a ropeway route between Rustaveli Avenue and Mount Mtatsminda . The red gondola number 1 was on its way down from the slope of the mountain nearing the lower supporting tower and the red gondola number 2 was nearing an upper tower , when the hauling rope broke inside the coupler of the upper gondola . Both gondolas rolled down simultaneously . The lower gondola slammed into the wall of the lower station injuring people and killing 4 . The upper gondola generated higher speed ( the length of ropeway was 863,3 meters ) ; on reaching the lower support tower , it struck the broken hauling rope which was hanging on the tower , cable tore the gondola apart . The collision was so strong that the track cable fell off the tower , dangling the cut open gondola above the rooftops , causing the cabin to slide down more striking the rooftop of 6 story building destroying even more and causing people to fall from destroyed gondola 20 meters onto rooftops and ground . Overall , 20 people were killed and at least 15 badly injured . Most of them were children on a sightseeing tour in Tbilisi from regional town Akhaltsikhe school number 5 . Children 's Day . Witnesses in both gondolas who survived say that brakes did not work in either of the gondolas despite the desperate attempts from guides and passengers who helped them to pull the brakes . In 1988 , 2 years prior to accident , the cable car went under major reconstruction with the head engineer Vakhtang Lejava , originally cable car used 3 supporting towers . Redesigning meant replacing the 20 meter high lower mast with a new 25 meters high mast . Two short upper masts ( 10 and 12 meters high ) were also replaced by one 20 meter high mast . Prior to this change , gondolas had a slight climbing angle on the two upper masts . Using a single higher mast caused the new gondolas to run from the upper station horizontal to the mast and then with a sharp angle head down ( causing a feeling of a sudden fall in abyss ) . The standard oval Georgian gondolas ( capacity 25 per gondola ) which were produced in Tbilisi in Tbilisi Aircraft Manufacturing , were replaced by Italian larger rectangular ones built by `` Lovisolo '' and provided by `` Ceretti & Tanfani '' , providing greater passenger capacity ( 40 per gondola ) . The braking system of the new gondolas did not function properly - while climbing over upper mast , the braking system would engage . Service staff would have to climb on gondola and turn it off manually when this occurred . To avoid this inconvenience , the brakes were just turned off . Additionally , on the day of the accident , both gondolas were over-capacity : the lower gondola had 46 passengers on board , the upper gondola held 47 passengers . Accident investigation documentation does not identify the cause of the hauling rope breaking inside the coupler . Many unanswered question still remain and the cause of the accident is not known . The track and hauling cables were dismantled , also the damaged gondolas were dismantled after 3 years . The masts and the stations were kept . The aerial tramway was never restored , in 2014 upper station and both supporting mast were dismantled due to planned restoration of the tramway as a reversible gondola cable car from slightly moved lower station , but the upper station location remained the same . The old lower station due to its unique architecture is a cultural heritage object . The plans were abandoned due to local opposition and visual flaws of the new lower station on one of the main squares of the city in front of Radisson Hotel , as well as the oversized five supporting masts , two of them being located on hilly streets causing already narrow streets to reduce even more in width . As of January 2017 , an aerial tramway is under construction from its original lower station , the location of the upper station will remain the same . The work is carried out by Doppelmayr Garaventa Group . The major challenge is to adapt the lower station backyard for monocable detachable gondola infrastructure , because the lower station was only designed for aerial tramway type of cable car in 1958 . Construction has faced problems because of high density small housing which appeared in the backyard of the lower station throughout the years and near the future lower mast being challenging for big lorries with construction materials to get near .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6db534c584c71841d69a5b3ccd19202", "text": "Radon Radon is a chemical element with symbol Rn and atomic number 86 . It is a radioactive , colorless , odorless , tasteless noble gas . It occurs naturally as an intermediate step in the normal radioactive decay chains through which thorium and uranium slowly decay into lead ; radon , itself , is a decay product of radium . Its most stable isotope , 222Rn , has a half-life of 3.8 days . Since thorium and uranium are two of the most common radioactive elements on Earth , and since their isotopes have very long half-lives , on the order of billions of years , radon will be present in nature long into the future in spite of its short half-life as it is continually being regenerated . Unlike all the other intermediate elements in the aforementioned decay chains , radon is , under normal conditions , gaseous and easily inhaled . Radon gas is a health hazard . It is often the single largest contributor to an individual 's background radiation dose , but due to local differences in geology , the level of the radon-gas hazard differs from location to location . Despite its short lifetime , radon gas from natural sources can accumulate in buildings , especially , due to its high density , in low areas such as basements and crawl spaces . Radon can also occur in ground water -- for example , in some spring waters and hot springs . Epidemiological studies have shown a clear link between breathing high concentrations of radon and incidence of lung cancer . Radon is a contaminant that affects indoor air quality worldwide . According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency , radon is the second most frequent cause of lung cancer , after cigarette smoking , causing 21,000 lung cancer deaths per year in the United States . About 2,900 of these deaths occur among people who have never smoked . While radon is the second most frequent cause of lung cancer , it is the number one cause among non-smokers , according to EPA estimates . As radon itself decays , it produces other radioactive elements called radon daughters ( also known as radon progeny ) or decay products . Unlike the gaseous radon itself , radon daughters are solids and stick to surfaces , such as dust particles in the air . If such contaminated dust is inhaled , these particles can also cause lung cancer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2953255a2c77fecbf6d1b07577223e79", "text": "Controversy surrounding the Lviv pogroms of 1941 In the Lviv pogroms of June and July 1941 , during World War II , an estimated 4,000 -- 9,000 people were killed within the space of one month in Lviv ( also known as Lwów or Lvov ) , many of them Polish Jews . Some confusion has arisen from the conflation of three separate massacres carried out in Lviv at the onset of the Nazi German Operation Barbarossa launched on 22 June 1941 . The first massacre was the killing , by the Soviet Security forces ( NKVD ) , of an estimated 4,000 political prisoners inside the NKVD prisons in Lviv ( some of them Jewish ) immediately prior to the Soviet evacuation . The second massacre was an antisemitic pogrom by local militants , encouraged by the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists ( OUN ) , in which 4,000 Jews were killed in the streets immediately before and after the takeover of Lviv by German forces . The third massacre , which was committed by the newly-arrived SS Einsatzgruppe C , specifically targeted Jews , under the guise of retaliation for the killings carried out by the NKVD : 2,500 to 3,000 Jews were herded into a stadium and then taken by lorries to a remote execution site at Janowska . The antisemitic killings culminated before the end of July in the so-called `` Petlura Days '' massacre of more than 2,000 more Jews by Ukrainian nationalists , with the approval of the Nazi administration . Controversy exists regarding the exact dates in which these atrocities took place , the numbers affected , and the sources of information . The confusion is amplified by the political agenda of parties involved , including national viewpoints in a variety of sources as to the alleged involvement in the Lviv civilian massacres by prominent political and historic figures and groups in the massacre , notably Theodor Oberländer , Roman Shukhevych and the Nachtigall Battalion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33c22b5fc5aeb0a6133fa666e5654b41", "text": "Sparrow Hills Sparrow Hills ( -LSB- : ru : Воробьёвы горы , Воробьёвы го́ры -RSB- , ) , known as Lenin Hills between 1935 and 1999 , is a hill on the right bank of the Moskva River and one of the highest points in Moscow , reaching a height of 220 m , or 60 -- above the river level . The observation platform , which gives a good panoramic view of the city , is on a steep bank 85 m above the river , or 200 m above sea level . The Luzhniki Stadium ( formerly the Lenin Stadium ) , where the opening and closing ceremonies for the 1980 Summer Olympics took place , is right below , across the Moskva River . Next to it is the Novodevichy Convent , with its Naryshkin Baroque towers . Not far from the observation platform is the Luzhniki Metro Bridge . The two-level Metro-Bridge traverses the river to link Komsomolsky Prospekt with Vernadsky Prospekt . It serves two urban transport systems : motor vehicles and the Moscow Metro subway . The glass-walled subway station Vorobyovy Gory is at the lower level of the bridge . The hills , immortalized by many Russian poets and writers , been named after the village Vorobyovo , which was acquired by Grand Duchess Sophia Vitovtovna , Vitovt 's only daughter , from the boyars Vorobyovs in 1453 . Alexander I of Russia wished to build the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour there ; his successor had construction works suspended and the cathedral eventually was erected near the Kremlin . The main landmarks of the hills are the Moscow State University ( at one time the tallest building in Europe ) and the Trinity Church .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96dd7eeff673d295935feb32d862ae7c", "text": "Zaporizhia Nuclear Power Plant The Zaporizhia Nuclear Power Station in Enerhodar , Ukraine , is the largest nuclear power plant in Europe and the third largest in the world .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "886f849eea6c8557ecc464f4652bedb9", "text": "Media portrayal of the Ukrainian crisis Media portrayals of the Ukrainian crisis , including 2014 unrest and the 2014 Ukrainian revolution following the Euromaidan movement , differed widely between Ukrainian , western and Russian media . In particular , the Russian media was accused of propagandizing , and of waging an information war during its coverage of the events . Russian channels were repeatedly criticized for the use of misleading images , false narratives , misrepresentation , suppression , and fabricated news stories , such as a child 's crucifixion and the death of a 10-year-old in shelling . The BBC reported that Russian state television `` appears to employ techniques of psychological conditioning designed to excite extreme emotions of aggression and hatred in the viewer '' , which , according to The Guardian , is part of a coordinated `` informational-psychological war operation '' . A regular theme in the Russian media was that the Ukrainian army , which has many Russian-speaking members , was committing `` genocide '' against Russian-speakers and that they strongly desired Russia to `` protect '' them against Kiev . This presentation contradicted a poll showing that less than 20 % of eastern residents wanted Russia 's protection . There was also no refugee exodus from Kiev , which has a large Russian-speaking population . While asserting that Ukraine was overrun by fascists whom the western media was `` ignoring '' , Russia has forged close relationships with far-right politicians in the West . Its claims about Ukraine were contradicted by Ukrainian election results . Russian media have also denied the Holodomor , a Soviet-organised famine that killed millions of Ukrainians . They supported Russia 's denials of involvement in the Crimean crisis , until Vladimir Putin boasted about the key role of Russian soldiers , and continue denying its involvement in the war in Donbass , despite evidence that Russia regularly shelled across the border .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d0753156361dab3403fd5dcf24f99c5", "text": "Moscow International Business Center The Moscow International Business Center ( MIBC ) , also known as `` Moscow City '' , ( Московский международный деловой центр `` Москва-Сити '' , Moskovskiy mezhdunarodnıy delovoy tsentr `` Moskva-Citi '' ) is a commercial district in central Moscow , Russia . Located east of the Third Ring Road in the Presnensky District of Central Administrative Okrug , the Moscow City area is currently under development . Construction of the MIBC takes place on the Presnenskaya embankment of the Moscow River , approximately 4 km west of Red Square , and just east of the Third Ring Road . The project occupies an area of 60 hectares , with the territory chosen being the only area in central Moscow that can accommodate such a project . The MIBC is expected to become the first zone in Russia to combine business activity , living space and entertainment in one single development . The Moscow government first conceived the project in 1992 . An estimated 250,000 -- 300,000 people will be working in , living in , or visiting the complex at any given time . MIBC includes 6 skyscrapers with maximum height of 300 meters or more ( Shanghai has 5 , Hong Kong has 6 , Chicago has 6 , New York has 8 ) . Europe 's tallest building , the Federation Tower , is in the MIBC . The complex also includes the second-tallest , third-tallest , fifth-tallest , sixth-tallest , and seventh-tallest buildings in Europe . By 2016 twelve of twenty-three planned facilities of MIBC were already built , seven buildings are in construction and four are in the design stage . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45083159b0ebb1984e67ca90adaac64b", "text": "Louis Slotin Louis Alexander Slotin ( 1 December 1910 -- 30 May 1946 ) was a Canadian physicist and chemist who worked on the Manhattan Project . During World War II , Slotin conducted research at Los Alamos National Laboratory . He performed experiments with uranium and plutonium cores to determine their critical mass values . On 21 May 1946 , Slotin was conducting a demonstration when he accidentally initiated a fission reaction , which released a burst of hard radiation . He received a lethal dose of radiation and died of acute radiation syndrome nine days later . Slotin was the second person to die from a criticality accident , following the death of Harry Daghlian , who had been exposed to radiation by the same core that killed Slotin . Slotin was publicly hailed as a hero by the United States government for reacting quickly and preventing his accident from killing any colleagues . He was later criticized for failing to follow protocol during the experiment . Others were injured and may have died from nuclear related exposure some years later . With the end of World War II , the work to build additional nuclear devices was less urgent , and the accident halted work for a while until increased safety protocols were implemented at Los Alamos . The incident and its aftermath have been dramatized in several fictional and non-fiction accounts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c412d1b43910de9916a582d0d37edd3", "text": "1984 Tbilisi gas explosion The 1984 Tbilisi gas explosion was a gas explosion in a nine-storey apartment block in Tbilisi , Georgia on 2 December 1984 that killed at least 100 people .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35fe4f893b3f7bf1f005d996ca1b3cbd", "text": "L'Ambiance Plaza collapse The L'Ambiance Plaza collapse was one of the worst disasters in modern Connecticut history . L'Ambiance Plaza was a 16-story residential project under construction in Bridgeport , Connecticut at the corner of Washington Avenue and Coleman Street . Its partially erect frame completely collapsed on April 23 , 1987 , killing 28 construction workers . Failure was possibly due to high concrete stresses on the floor slabs by the placement process resulting in cracking ending in a type of punch through failure . Several observers suggested the collapse was preventable and highlighted the deficiencies of the lift slab construction technique . This collapse prompted a major nationwide federal investigation into lift slab construction as well as a temporary moratorium on its use in Connecticut . In November 1988 , less than two years after the disaster , a $ 41 million settlement of all legal claims arising from a disaster was achieved through mediation , avoiding years of potential litigation . Two judges -- Robert C. Zampano of U.S. District Court and Frank S. Meadow of Connecticut Superior Court -- mediated the dispute `` through informal conferences among nearly 100 lawyers representing the victims ' families and 40 contractors and subcontractors . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dee14020b6ebb1d239ff76676af83510", "text": "Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant is a nuclear power plant located in the town of Sosnovy Bor in Russia 's Leningrad Oblast , on the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland , some 70 km to the west of the city centre of Saint Petersburg . It consists of four nuclear reactors of the RBMK-1000 type . These reactors are similar to reactors No. 1 and 2 of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant . Two units of the VVER-1200 type are under construction at Power Plant II to replace the current RBMK reactors when they reach the end of their service lives . On 25 October 2008 , Saint Petersburg Atomenergoproekt began concreting the foundation plate of the reactor building of the Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant II , Unit 1 . Cost of the project is estimated to be almost 70 billion Russian ruble ( RUR ) . A construction licence was issued on 22 July 2009 . From May 2012 to December 2013 , Unit 1 was offline while repairs were made related to some deformed graphite moderator blocks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bcf43a4ba988ca745a3538ca95e70b99", "text": "1953 Soviet nuclear tests The Soviet Union 's 1953 nuclear test series was a group of 5 nuclear tests conducted in 1953 . These tests followed the 1949-51 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1954 Soviet nuclear tests series . -RCB- 279 m + 30 m | air drop , weapons development | RDS-6s | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | | | | aka RDS-6s . First thermonuclear explosion . Used `` sloika '' Layer-cake method , where primary is wrapped in shells of lithium and tamper . It worked , but could not be scaled up to megaton yields . | - ! 5 Tatyana ( Joe 5 ) | 02:00 : ?? | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | ALMT ( 6 hrs ) | | Ground Zero , Semipalatinsk , Kazakhstan ~ | 289 m + 600 m | air drop , weapons development | RDS-4 | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | | | | Test of first production tactical weapon , used on Tu-4 and Tu-16 jets . | - ! 6 ( Joe 6 ) | | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | ALMT ( 6 hrs ) | | Ground Zero , Semipalatinsk , Kazakhstan ~ | 280 m + 255 m | air drop , weapons development | | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | | | | | - ! 7 | | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | ALMT ( 6 hrs ) | | Ground Zero , Semipalatinsk , Kazakhstan ~ | 280 m + 220 m | air drop , weapons development | | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | | | | | - ! 8 ( Joe 7 ) | | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | ALMT ( 6 hrs ) | | Ground Zero , Semipalatinsk , Kazakhstan ~ | 280 m + 260 m | air drop , weapons development | | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | | | | | -RCB-", "title": "" }, { "docid": "97f28f8e10732a11480542a6f6ceecb7", "text": "Donetsk Oblast Donetsk Oblast ( Доне́цька о́бласть , Donets ` ka oblast ' ; also referred to as Donechchyna -- Донеччина Donechchyna ; Доне́цкая о́бласть , Donetskaya oblast -LSB- dɐˈnʲɛtskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ -RSB- ) is an oblast ( province ) of eastern Ukraine . It is the most populated oblast , with around 4.5 million residents . Its administrative center is Donetsk ; however , its Regional State Administration was relocated to Mariupol , a temporary measure due to the ongoing crisis in Donetsk . Historically , the region is an important part of the Donbas region . Until November 1961 , it bore the name Stalino Oblast , as its capital Donetsk was named Stalino in honour of Joseph Stalin at that time . The oblast is known for its urban sprawl and is often associated with mining industry . On April 7 , 2014 , following the annexation of Crimea by Russia , separatists occupying the Donetsk Oblast administrative building declared independence from Ukraine and held a referendum on separating from Ukraine on May 11 , 2014 . Subsequently , the War in Donbass started . After Donetsk was under control of the separatist government , the Donetsk Oblast administration was relocated to Mariupol , and later to Kramatorsk .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d975b1944bd573d3e615008e1cc772c6", "text": "Belarusian nuclear power plant The Belarusian nuclear power plant is a multi-reactor nuclear power plant project in Belarus . Initial plans were announced in the 1980s , but were suspended after the 1986 Chernobyl disaster . The drive for the current project was fueled by the Russia-Belarus energy dispute in 2007 . The project foresees construction of two nuclear reactors between 2016 and 2020 , and probably two more reactors by 2025 . The reactors would be supplied by Atomstroyexport and the plant would be located in the Astravets district , Hrodna voblast .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "063a66c5815e225899a9c94f60268d2a", "text": "WASH-740 WASH-740 was a report published by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission ( USAEC ) in 1957 . This report , called `` Theoretical Possibilities and Consequences of Major Accidents in Large Nuclear Power Plants '' ( also known as `` The Brookhaven Report '' ) , estimated maximum possible damage from a meltdown with no containment building at a large nuclear reactor . The conclusions of this study estimated the possible effects of a `` maximum credible accident '' for nuclear reactors then envisioned as being 3400 deaths , 43,000 injuries and property damage of $ 7 billion ( $ 57bn adjusted for inflation in 2012 since 1957 ) . The estimate of probability was one in a hundred thousand to one in a billion per reactor-year . When WASH-740 was revised in 1964-65 to account for the larger reactors then being designed , the new figures indicated that there could be as many as 45,000 deaths , 100,000 injuries , and $ 17 billion in property damage ( $ 125bn adjusted for inflation since 1964 ) . However ; the assumptions underlying the results were unrealistic ( including the worst meteorological conditions , no containment building , and that half the reactor core is released into the atmosphere as micrometre-sized pellets without any examination of how this might occur ) . These were due to conservatism ( estimating the maximum possible damage ) and the need to use atomic bomb fallout data , which had been collected from tests ( computers in 1955 being greatly insufficient to do the calculations ) . As knowledge , models and computers improved the conclusions of this report were replaced by those of first WASH-1400 ( 1975 , The Rasmussen Report ) , then CRAC-II ( 1982 ) , and most recently NUREG-1150 ( 1991 ) . Now all of these studies are considered obsolete ( see the disclaimer to NUREG-1150 ) , and are being replaced by the State-of-the-Art Reactor Consequence Analyses study .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77bf41e25d44fa199e6385355dfef226", "text": "Dirty bomb A dirty bomb or radiological dispersal device ( RDD ) is a speculative radiological weapon that combines radioactive material with conventional explosives . The purpose of the weapon is to contaminate the area around the dispersal agent/conventional explosion with radioactive material , serving primarily as an area denial device against civilians . It is however not to be confused with a nuclear explosion , such as a fission bomb , which by releasing nuclear energy produces blast effects far in excess of what is achievable by the use of conventional explosives . Though an RDD would be designed to disperse radioactive material over a large area , a bomb that uses conventional explosives and produces a blast wave would be far more lethal to people than the hazard posed by radioactive material that may be mixed with the explosive . At levels created from probable sources , not enough radiation would be present to cause severe illness or death . A test explosion and subsequent calculations done by the United States Department of Energy found that assuming nothing is done to clean up the affected area and everyone stays in the affected area for one year , the radiation exposure would be `` fairly high '' , but not fatal . Recent analysis of the nuclear fallout from the Chernobyl disaster confirms this , showing that the effect on many people in the surrounding area , although not those in close proximity , was almost negligible . Since a dirty bomb is unlikely to cause many deaths by radiation exposure , many do not consider this to be a weapon of mass destruction . Its purpose would presumably be to create psychological , not physical , harm through ignorance , mass panic , and terror . For this reason dirty bombs are sometimes called `` weapons of mass disruption '' . Additionally , containment and decontamination of thousands of victims , as well as decontamination of the affected area might require considerable time and expense , rendering areas partly unusable and causing economic damage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cb7d6f051b7f63bd89097bfbc0e29777", "text": "Vorkutlag The Vorkutlag , sometimes Vorkuta Gulag , was one of the major Soviet era GULAG labor camps , full name Воркутинский исправительно-трудовой лагерь ( Vorkuta Corrective Labor Camp ) . It was located in the Pechora River Basin , in the Komi Republic , part of the Siberian region of Russia , located 1,900 km from Moscow and 160 km above the Arctic Circle . Vorkuta Gulag was established in 1932 to exploit the resources of the Pechora Coal Basin , the second largest coal basin in the former U.S.S.R. . The city of Vorkuta was established to support the camp . There were approximately 132 sub-camps in the Vorkuta Gulag system during the height of its use in the Soviet prison system . From 1939 , Polish prisoners were held here until Russia joined the allies , after it was attacked by Germany . The camp was then also used to hold German P.O.W.s captured on the Eastern Front in World War II as well as Soviet citizens and those from Soviet occupied countries deemed to be dissidents and enemies of the state during the Soviet era . Although the camp was closed in 1962 there are large numbers of Soviet citizens who were former prisoners still living in Vorkuta , originally due to their former status as enemies of the state , then as a result of their poor financial situation . Memorial , a Russian human rights organization that focuses on recording and publicising the human rights violations of the Soviet Union 's totalitarian era , estimates that of the 40,000 people collecting state pensions in the Vorkuta area 32,000 are trapped former gulag inmates , or their descendants . Inmates at Vorkuta who were forced to work in the region 's coal mines went on strike during the Vorkuta uprising in July 1953 . The mostly passive strike which lasted approximately two weeks was put down on August 1 , when camp chief Derevyanko ordered troops to fire at the strikers resulting in the deaths of at least 53 workers , although estimates vary .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "cda6246834e0beb2725684bde3542b38", "text": "Eric Singer Eric Singer ( born Eric Doyle Mensinger ; May 12 , 1958 ) is an American hard rock and heavy metal drummer , best known as a member of Kiss , portraying The Catman originally played by Peter Criss . He has also performed with artists such as Black Sabbath , Alice Cooper , Lita Ford , Badlands , and Gary Moore as well as his own band ESP . In his career , Singer has appeared on over 75 albums and 11 EPs .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "8f89cabe2cd3b8dff63c9b8f5a0bda0e", "text": "King Biscuit Flower Hour: Greatest Hits Live King Biscuit Flower Hour : Greatest Hits Live is a compilation live album by the progressive rock supergroup Emerson , Lake & Palmer . It features tracks from two different tours : The 1973-1974 Brain Salad Surgery Tour , and the 1977 Works Tour . Almost all the material included here had been released before on other live albums : The five songs from the Brain Salad Surgery tour ( Tracks 11-15 ) were originally included on the 1974 triple Welcome Back My Friends to the Show That Never Ends ... Ladies and Gentlemen , and four songs from the Works tour ( `` Peter Gunn Theme , '' `` Tiger in a Spotlight , '' `` C'est la Vie '' and `` The Enemy God Dances with the Black Spirits '' ) had appeared in 1979 as part of Emerson , Lake & Palmer in Concert . In Concert was re-released in 1993 as a two-disc set under the title Works Live , adding seven new tracks . Two of those seven ( `` Maple Leaf Rag '' and `` Watching Over You '' ) have been included here too . That makes eleven tracks . The remaining four tracks are available legally for the first time : A piano adaptation of the first movement of Keith Emerson 's Piano Concerto No. 1 ( mislabelled as `` Piano Improvisation '' ) , a short Carl Palmer solo , and performances of `` Fanfare for the Common Man '' and `` Pirates . '' The version of `` Fanfare '' included here is a performance without the orchestra the band used on some concerts during the tour . One version with the orchestra is available on Works Live . Also , the recording of `` Pirates '' is , maybe , the unique registered live recording of the track during the Works tour and was originally featured on the bootleg album Works : Volume 1/2 . It does not feature the orchestra as by the time of this recording , the orchestra had been dissolved due to lack of funds to pay them .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a6a743fe366b10d43140f9ccfe5b76a6", "text": "Eric Clapton Eric Patrick Clapton , ( born 1945 ) , is an English rock and blues guitarist , singer , and songwriter . He is the only three-time inductee to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame : once as a solo artist and separately as a member of the Yardbirds and Cream . Clapton has been referred to as one of the most important and influential guitarists of all time . Clapton ranked second in Rolling Stone magazine 's list of the `` 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time '' and fourth in Gibson 's `` Top 50 Guitarists of All Time '' . He was also named number five in Time magazine 's list of `` The 10 Best Electric Guitar Players '' in 2009 . In the mid-1960s Clapton left the Yardbirds to play with John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers . Immediately after leaving Mayall , Clapton formed the power trio Cream with drummer Ginger Baker and bassist Jack Bruce , in which Clapton played sustained blues improvisations and `` arty , blues-based psychedelic pop '' . Furthermore , he formed blues rock band Blind Faith with Baker , Steve Winwood , and Ric Grech . For most of the 1970s Clapton 's output bore the influence of the mellow style of J. J. Cale and the reggae of Bob Marley . His version of Marley 's `` I Shot the Sheriff '' helped reggae reach a mass market . Two of his most popular recordings were `` Layla '' , recorded with Derek and the Dominos ; and Robert Johnson 's `` Crossroads '' , recorded with Cream . Following the death of his son Conor in 1991 , Clapton 's grief was expressed in the song `` Tears in Heaven '' , which was featured on his Unplugged album . Clapton has been the recipient of 18 Grammy Awards , and the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music . In 2004 he was awarded a CBE at Buckingham Palace for services to music . In 1998 , Clapton , a recovering alcoholic and drug addict , founded the Crossroads Centre on Antigua , a medical facility for recovering substance abusers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af69a1c268debe39af1fb7f362bc0e15", "text": "Éric Estève Éric Estève ( b. 14 Jul 1951 ) is a French author , composer and singer . Originally discovered by Véronique Sanson ( Stephen Stills ' former wife ) at the age of 17 , Estève recorded on Epic . Veronique offered Éric the first part of her show and used him as a background vocalist in her own show as well as on the albums Live At the Olympia 1976 , Hollywood and 7e . Their mutual friend and producer Bernard Saint-Paul affectionately refers to the sound of Éric and Véronique 's voices singing together as `` the blend '' . In 1978 , Michel Berger and Luc Plamondon offered Éric the part of Ziggy in their rock opera Starmania . The original Starmania lineup included Daniel Balavoine , Claude Dubois , Diane Dufresne , France Gall , René Joly , Fabienne Thibeault , and Nanette Workman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc537674f91ab1f4ccea2d59ac584b65", "text": "Classic Albums Live Classic Albums Live is a concert series based in Toronto , Ontario , in which musicians perform a classic rock album in its entirety . The series was founded in 2003 by Craig Martin , a musician who had previously produced a series of boutique cabaret shows as well as composed music for television and film . The musicians go to great lengths to faithfully recreate every sound on the original album . They have performed with orchestras , sitarists , choirs and schools . The shows are treated like recitals with the album being performed in its entirety followed by a ` greatest hits ' set of the featured artist . Albums that have been performed include Led Zeppelin 's Led Zeppelin , Led Zeppelin II and Led Zeppelin IV , Bruce Springsteen 's Born to Run , Supertramp 's Crime of the Century and Breakfast in America , the Rolling Stones ' Sticky Fingers and Exile on Main St. , Fleetwood Mac 's Rumours , Eagles ' Hotel California , Guns N ' Roses ' Appetite for Destruction , Pink Floyd 's The Dark Side of the Moon , Wish You Were Here , The Wall and Animals , Queen 's A Night at the Opera , and the Beatles albums Rubber Soul , Revolver , Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band , The Beatles ( AKA the `` White Album '' ) , and Abbey Road . In recent years , the series has presented concerts in a variety of cities , including Orlando , Florida , Los Angeles , Philadelphia , Akron , La Mirada , Jacksonville , Gainesville , Lakeland , Coral Springs , New York , New Jersey , Dallas , Houston , Uncasville , Connecticut , Las Vegas , Nevada , and Rochester , New York . On December 17 , 2006 , Classic Albums Live performed the entire 213-song Beatles song catalogue in one 13-hour concert at the Phoenix Concert Theatre in Toronto . A different lineup performs each album . There is a group of core musicians who are frequently part of the performances , including Nick Hildyard , Rob Phillips , Lindsay Clark , Leslea Keurvorst , Troy Feener , Clifton David , Dom Polito and Marty Morin . Occasionally , more famous Canadian musicians are brought in as well , including Mia Sheard , Kim Bingham , Nicholas Walsh , and ex-members of Moist . In some venues , they will bring in local musicians to fill needed spots . For example , on June 16 , 2006 , the group performed the Beatles ' Sgt. Pepper album at the Hard Rock Live in Orlando ; they brought in the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra to fill in on the orchestral parts . When performing in Toronto , they usually play at Massey Hall . The producer of Classic Albums Live has created a musical called Gig which will run in 2016 . List of albums performed : The Beatles ' catalogue Led Zeppelin Led Zeppelin II Led Zeppelin IV Houses of the Holy Physical Graffiti In Through the Out Door Meddle The Dark Side of the Moon Animals Wish You Were Here The Wall A Night at the Opera Who 's Next Are You Experienced Boston Crime of the Century Breakfast in America The Last Waltz Rust Never Sleeps Harvest The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars OK Computer Ten Nevermind Regatta de Blanc Outlandos d'Amour The Joshua Tree London Calling Band on the Run Texas Flood Let It Bleed Sticky Fingers Some Girls Exile on Main St. Appetite for Destruction Highway to Hell Back in Black Born to Run Hotel California Rumours The Doors L.A. Woman Legend Pearl Paranoid Van Halen Thriller Purple Rain Nothing 's Shocking Woodstock 2112 Saturday Night Fever A Very Lennon Christmas Elton John Greatest Hits", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb068d9949e662374bd0a23e8c94d46d", "text": "Eric Knight (musician) Eric Knight is an American singer-songwriter , multi-instrumentalist , record producer , artist manager , entrepreneur , and entertainment industry professional originally from the Miami suburb of Hialeah . Eric Knight is the founder and lead singer for Los Angeles rock group , Disciples of Babylon , as well as Founder and CEO of artist management agency , Persistent Management .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a82d98c652f2bac5f1ffece430e61fc7", "text": "Bill Anderson (singer) James William Anderson III ( born November 1 , 1937 ) , known as Bill Anderson , is an American country music singer , songwriter and television personality . He has been a member in long standing of the weekly Grand Ole Opry radio program and stage performance in Nashville , Tennessee . He has released more than 40 studio albums and has reached No. 1 on the country charts seven times : `` Mama Sang a Song '' ( 1962 ) , `` Still '' ( 1963 ) , `` I Get the Fever '' ( 1966 ) , `` For Loving You '' ( with Jan Howard , 1967 ) , `` My Life ( Throw It Away If I Want To ) '' ( 1969 ) , `` World of Make Believe '' ( 1974 ) , and `` Sometimes '' ( with Mary Lou Turner , 1976 ) . Twenty-nine more of his singles have reached the top ten . One of the most successful songwriters in country music history , Anderson is also a popular singer , earning the nickname `` Whisperin ' Bill '' for his soft vocal style and occasional spoken narrations . Artists who have recorded his material include Ray Price , Wanda Jackson , Connie Smith , Lynn Anderson , Jim Reeves , Conway Twitty , Eddy Arnold , Roy Clark , Con Hunley , Lefty Frizzell , Brad Paisley , Kenny Chesney , and George Strait . Bill Anderson had his own television show in the 1960s . Anderson has made several television appearances , including two stints as a game show host : The Better Sex ( with co-host Sarah Purcell ) in 1977 , and the country music-themed quiz show Fandango ( 1983 -- 1989 ) on The Nashville Network . He has also hosted an interview show called Opry Backstage and was a producer of a talent show called You Can Be a Star , hosted by fellow Opry member Jim Ed Brown , both shows on the former Nashville Network , and has made guest appearances on several other television series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dbf12d2bb5d113ea623904d5527bf257", "text": "Eric Ineke Eric Ineke ( born Haarlem , April 1 , 1947 ) is a Dutch jazz drummer who started his career in the 1960s . In 1969 he made his first record with tenor saxophonist Ferdinand Povel and through the years he has played with the Rob Agerbeek Quintet , the Rein de Graaff/Dick Vennik Quartet , the Ben van den Dungen/Jarmo Hoogendijk Quintet and the Piet Noordijk Quartet . During his career he has also played with numerous international , mainly American soloists like Dexter Gordon , Johnny Griffin , George Coleman , Shirley Horn , Dizzy Gillespie , Al Cohn , Grant Stewart , Jimmy Raney , Barry Harris , Eric Alexander and Dave Liebman , recorded numerous CD 's and appeared at many national and international jazz festivals ( North Sea Jazz Festival , Nice Jazz Festival , Pescara Jazz , San Remo , Athens , Toronto Jazz Festival , Montreal International Jazz Festival and New York ) . For more than 35 years he has been the drummer of the Rein de Graaff Trio and since 2006 has led the Eric Ineke JazzXpress , a quintet in the hard-bop tradition . With this quintet , Eric Ineke got invited in 2011 by the American Jazz Museum in Kansas City with jazz singer Deborah Brown where they did a few performances , including one on Kansas Public Radio and a CD recording produced by Bobby Watson . In October 2016 , the JazzXpress presented its latest album Dexternity on the Dutch television in `` Vrije Geluiden '' of the VPRO . Eric Ineke also teaches at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague . Eric Ineke is giving masterclasses all around the world . In April 2012 he released his first book The Ultimate Sideman , in conversation with Dave Liebman . On April 1 2017 Eric Ineke turned 70 and celebrated this with a ` Eric Ineke 70 Super Jam ' in the Bimhuis , Amsterdam . During the first half of the concert , Alderwoman of the Amsterdam city council Simone Kukenheim honored Eric Ineke with a Knightage in the ` Orde van Oranje Nassau ' for his unbridled dedication to the Dutch Jazz scene .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe4b02b1151ef6dc0b2b2f9be0bcbd10", "text": "Upstairs at Eric's Upstairs at Eric 's is the debut album by British synthpop duo Yazoo ( known in the US and Canada as Yaz ) , released in the UK on Mute Records on 20 August 1982 . It was produced by the band and E.C. Radcliffe , with assistance from Mute label boss Daniel Miller on some of the tracks . Named after producer Radcliffe 's Blackwing Studios where the album was recorded , Upstairs at Eric 's was preceded by two top three UK singles , the ballad `` Only You '' and the more uptempo `` Do n't Go '' . The singles ' success helped Upstairs at Eric 's reach number 2 in the UK Albums Chart and gain platinum certification for 300,000 copies sold in the UK . Against the group 's wishes , `` Situation '' , originally the B-side of `` Only You '' in the UK and Europe , was released as the band 's debut single in the US and Canada , where a remixed version of the song by DJ François Kevorkian was a hit in the clubs and reached # 1 on Billboard '' 's Club Play Singles chart . On the Billboard Hot 100 chart `` Situation '' was a minor hit in the US , peaking at # 73 , while in Canada it made the top 40 , peaking at # 31 . The North American version of the album subsequently substituted the remixed version of `` Situation '' for the UK album track `` Tuesday '' . Upstairs at Eric 's '' reached # 92 on the Billboard 200 album chart in the US and # 49 on the Canadian album chart . The album track `` Midnight '' was later sampled by Rex the Dog for his 2008 dance hit `` Bubblicious '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dda3485e58254af0d76bd47d8629ab90", "text": "I Never Cry `` I Never Cry '' is a song by Alice Cooper . It was originally released on his Alice Cooper Goes to Hell album in 1976 . The song was written by Cooper and Dick Wagner . The song reached number 12 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number nine on Cash Box in January 1977 . In Canada , it spent two weeks at number five . On an episode of his radio show broadcast on November 23 , 2009 Cooper stated that `` I Never Cry '' was his biggest selling single , though he did not supply evidence The song was , however , his only gold record in the US besides his comeback hit in 1989 , `` Poison '' . `` I Never Cry '' was written about Cooper 's experience with alcoholism , which one year later sent the performer into rehab . He called the song `` an alcoholic confession '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb33b6a43945e8d3e626c877419931aa", "text": "Let's All Sing with The Chipmunks Let 's All Sing With the Chipmunks is the debut album of Alvin and the Chipmunks . It is an interactive children 's novelty album . The songs on the record are a mixture between cover versions of children 's songs in the public domain and customized original musical material . It contains the A-sides of the Chipmunks ' first three singles : `` The Chipmunk Song ( Christmas Do n't Be Late ) '' , `` Alvin 's Harmonica '' and `` Ragtime Cowboy Joe '' . The artist credit on the original release was listed as David Seville and the Chipmunks ( changed to `` Alvin , Simon and Theodore with David Seville '' on the revised 1961 cover ) . First pressings of the album were on red vinyl . Despite the album 's success , it was one of four original Chipmunks albums not included in a 1987-1990 CD reissue program ( the others were The Chipmunk Songbook , The Chipmunks See Doctor Dolittle , and The Chipmunks Go To The Movies ) . ( However , every track from the album has been available at one time or another on various compilation CDs . ) On April 8 , 2008 , Let 's All Sing with the Chipmunks finally was reissued on compact disc ( Capitol 509992 08853 28 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11566b5f0938760e740c3a6c9019b672", "text": "The Last Temptation (Alice Cooper album) The Last Temptation is the 20th studio album by rock singer , Alice Cooper , released in July 1994 via Epic Records . It centers on a boy named Steven ( also the name of the protagonist in Cooper 's earlier work , Welcome to My Nightmare ) , and a mysterious showman . The showman , with apparent supernatural abilities , attempted with the use of twisted versions of morality plays to persuade Steven to join his traveling show , `` The Theater of the Real - The Grand-est Guignol ! '' , where he would `` never grow up '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9312668274f6eb99103ae8cee6e06cf9", "text": "Alice Boman Alice Boman is a singer-songwriter from Malmo , Sweden . She recorded her first EP , Skisser ( which means `` sketches '' in Swedish ) in her bedroom , never intending it to be publicly released . She treated the recordings like demos , and sent them to a studio with the intention of getting the songs professionally recorded . However , she said that `` the guy at the studio liked -LSB- the demos -RSB- so much that he sent them to Adrian Recordings , and they wanted to release them . '' The EP came out on Adrian Recordings on the 22nd of May 2013 , and it has since been re-released on limited edition vinyl . An EP containing remixes of Skisser tracks ` Waiting ' and ` Skiss 2 ' was digitally released in November 2013 . It contained remixes by 1987 , NATTEN , Summer Heart , Kalter and PAL . A video for ` Skiss 3 ' was released in January 2014 , directed by Henric Claesson at Studio Pop .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49e6183083dda6dbb8552eaf7ebe65a4", "text": "24 Years of Hunger 24 Years of Hunger is a pop music album released in 1991 by & Alice , the collaboration of Eg White and Alice Temple . 24 Years of Hunger was critically acclaimed , although it failed to chart . It is the only album that the duo ever released . Allmusic describes 24 Years of Hunger as `` one of the finest , most refined and fully realized recordings of the era , employing a much more sophisticated and romantic style than anything else out of England at the time '' . Allmusic also notes the accolades that 24 Years of Hunger album received from other music critics : `` Recorded by the pair when they were mere twentysomethings , and predominantly in Eg White 's home , it is nevertheless about as grown-up and elegant as pop music gets . A decade after the recording had all but vanished from circulation , rainsound.net had taken to calling it `` one of the classic albums of the '90s , '' while Q Magazine went a step further when it placed the record on its list of best albums of the 20th century , describing it as having `` the class of Steely Dan and the intriguing detachment of the Blue Nile . '' '' Martin Rowsell , in The Rough Guide to Rock , notes that while reviewers compared the album to Prefab Sprout and Prince , and Alice cited their own musical influences as John Lennon , Traveling Wilburys , Joe Jackson , Joni Mitchell and Curtis Mayfield . Noting the huge discrepancy between the album 's critical and commercial success , Rowsell speculates that White 's songwriting may have been too personal for mainstream acceptance at the time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4bb2633cd20c99105b7fca2c618f4e1e", "text": "The Strange Case of Alice Cooper The Strange Case of Alice Cooper is a live concert video released in September 1979 , of Alice Cooper performing with his backing band The Ultra Latex Band . The concert was filmed on April 9 , 1979 during Cooper 's ` Madhouse Rock ' Tour in San Diego , California , at the San Diego Sports Arena , in support of the album From The Inside . Two songs that were performed during the filming , All Strapped Up and Dead Babies , were omitted from the film for unknown reasons . A DVD version , with audio commentary by Alice Cooper , was released May 22 , 2012 via Shout ! Factory as a US-only release . Shout ! Factory has also made the movie available digitally on their network for streaming and download .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bd8af40bad9af60b6e40673b746a063", "text": "Country Music Association The Country Music Association ( CMA ) was founded in 1958 in Nashville , Tennessee . It originally consisted of only 233 members and was the first trade organization formed to promote a music genre . The objectives of the organization are to guide and enhance the development of Country Music throughout the world ; to demonstrate it as a viable medium to advertisers , consumers , and media ; and to provide a unity of purpose for the Country Music industry . However the CMA may be best known to most country music fans for its annual Country Music Association Awards broadcast live on network television each fall ( usually October or November ) . Initially , CMA 's Board of Directors included nine directors and five officers . Wesley Rose , president of Acuff-Rose Publishing , Inc. , served as CMA 's first chairman of the board . Broadcasting entrepreneur and executive Connie B. Gay was the founding president . Originally there were nine individual membership categories . The current 15 categories represent all facets of the music industry . Organizational memberships are also available . CMA membership is composed of those persons or organizations that are involved in Country Music , directly and substantially . The first CMA Awards ceremony was held in 1967 in Nashville . Sonny James and Bobbie Gentry hosted the event , which was not televised . The winner of the first `` Entertainer of the Year '' award was singer Eddy Arnold . `` Male Vocalist of the Year '' went to Jack Greene and `` Female Vocalist of the Year '' to Loretta Lynn . In 1968 , Roy Rogers and Dale Evans hosted the awards , which were presented at the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville . ( The ceremony was filmed and televised on NBC a few weeks later . ) The first live telecast of the show was in 1969 . Annual awards are given in the following twelve categories : Entertainer of the Year , Male Vocalist , Female Vocalist , New Artist of the Year ( formerly the Horizon Award ) , Vocal Group , Vocal Duo , Single , Album , Song , Music Event , Music Video , and Musician . The CMA also gives a `` CMA Broadcast Award '' to country-formatted radio stations each year . Broadcast Awards are segmented based on market size , major market ( Arbitron Ranking 1 -- 25 ) , large market ( Arbitron Ranking 26 -- 50 ) , medium market ( Arbitron Ranking 51 -- 100 ) , and small market ( All other Markets ) . A single station can not win the award in consecutive years . In honor of the association 's 50th anniversary , MCA Nashville released a song called `` Forever Country '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee34a5efefe9af303cfbf8bf66b9ba52", "text": "Billy James (publicist) Billy James is a publicist and talent scout ; best known for his work in the 1960s and 1970s discovering and developing musical talent for record companies such as Columbia , Elektra , and RCA Records . As a young publicist for Columbia , James became Bob Dylan 's emissary at the label and was reportedly one of the only `` suits '' Dylan trusted ; he conducted for CBS the earliest available taped interview with Dylan , of which a fragment is available . Sent to the West Coast , James found himself in the middle of the West Coast music scene . He wrote liner notes for The Byrds ' first album , Mr. Tambourine Man , and brought artists such as The Doors and Jackson Browne to the attention of Elektra Records . In 1966 , he managed the folk singer Penny Nichols , who was hired by The Sandpipers , but sang with them on just one concert at San Diego . James was respected by artists and his peers for his humor , irreverence , intelligence and integrity in an industry that rarely fostered the latter . By the early 1980s , James left the record business and worked for a time as an advocate for songwriters at the National Academy of Songwriters and as a Board member for the local chapter of NARAS . In the 1990s , James worked as publicist in the high-tech world . In 2016 , James 2013 interview was featured in Danny Says alongside Danny Fields , Iggy Pop & Alice Cooper . Semi-retired , he lives with his wife and family in Redwood City , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a9939f938f2f455e155a7e9efe975dd", "text": "Aspen Miller Aspen Vincent ( née Aspen Miller ) is an American Broadway actress , voice actress and pop singer . She played the role of Dodie Bishop in Nickelodeon 's Emmy-nominated As Told by Ginger , she also performed the role of Baby Alice in the Rugrats episode ` Hurricane Alice ' , was the voice of Amanda Payne in the pilot for Constant Payne , and has done voice-over work for several CD-ROM games including three different characters for Everquest II . Vincent sang the National Anthem for the L.A. Lakers , the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim , and the San Diego Chargers and performed in an a cappella group called Groove 66 at Disney California Adventure Park . Early in her professional career she was a regular in the recording studio , recording jingles and commercials , as well as providing singing voices for Disney characters for their touring productions . Aspen spent 2004-2005 in Las Vegas , performing nightly at the Paris Las Vegas as the female lead `` Scaramouche '' in the rock musical We Will Rock You , where she met her future husband , Tony Vincent , a singer and stage actor . From October 2006 through October 2007 , she toured with Meat Loaf as his duet partner and backup vocalist on his `` Seize the Night tour '' , singing such hits as `` I 'd Do Anything for Love '' and `` Paradise by the Dashboard Light '' . She performed with him at the John Labatt Center , London , Ontario for the `` 3 Bats Live '' concert DVD , and is featured on the documentary DVD `` In Search of Paradise '' . Aspen also toured with the cast of Dirty Dancing in America with her husband Tony . Aspen was a swing in the Broadway production of American Idiot , a show featuring songs of the popular band Green Day . Aspen gave birth to her and Tony 's daughter , Sadie Day , on April 3 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30fc4404931da21c7eefb4424d53a04b", "text": "Eric Hall Eric Hall ( b. 14 January , 1947 ) is a former show business and football agent famous for his flamboyant public persona , outlandish fashion sense and catchphrase `` Monster , monster ... '' . After an early career as a singer ( he sang backing vocals for Tiny Tim ) and actor , he became a publicist for EMI Records in the 1970s . He arranged the Sex Pistols ' notorious , expletive-filled appearance on the Today show in 1976 . Hall grew up in the East End of London and was a friend of Marc Bolan . He had been with Bolan on the night of his death in 1977 . In 1986 a chance meeting with Steve Perryman led to him becoming a football agent and he built up a roster of clients who included Leon Cort , Robbie Savage , Tim Sherwood , John Scales , Neil Ruddock , Terry Venables , Paul Walsh and Dennis Wise . In 1997 he had a health scare when he contracted E.coli poisoning and Septicaemia but he went on to make a full recovery . Since February 2014 Eric has presented `` Eric Hall 's Sports Saturday '' on Essex station Phoenix FM , playing golden oldies and featuring live scores , sporting and celebrity interviews .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26cc098294d6225ad69aff4393e17c8d", "text": "Del Palmer Derek Peter `` Del '' Palmer ( born 3 November 1952 ) is an English singer , songwriter , bass guitarist and sound engineer , best known for his work with Kate Bush , with whom he also had a long-term relationship between the late 1970s and early 1990s . He released his first solo studio album titled Leap of Faith in 2007 , followed by Gift in 2010 . His third solo album , Point of Safe Return , was released on 6 March 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b60fb8ade1a30a4d90ff0635a69ed841", "text": "Rock 'n' Roll Animal Rock n Roll Animal is a live album by Lou Reed , released by RCA Records in 1974 . In its original form , it features five songs , four of which are Velvet Underground songs . The musicians were Pentti Glan ( drums ) and Prakash John ( bass ) , Ray Colcord ( keyboards ) , and Dick Wagner and Steve Hunter on guitars . ( The two guitarists would later form the basis of the second Alice Cooper band , beginning on Welcome to My Nightmare , which also features Glan and John . ) The album was recorded live on , at Howard Stein 's Academy of Music in New York City . A sleeper hit , it peaked at # 45 on the Billboard album chart during a twenty-eight-week stay before earning Reed 's first RIAA gold certification in 1978 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d4da752ba79f2768a697bfc5a99ef588", "text": "Room 93 Room 93 is the debut extended play ( EP ) by American singer and songwriter Halsey . It was released on October 27 , 2014 by Astralwerks . The project was re-released digitally on March 9 , 2015 , including a new version of `` Ghost '' , this later is also included on the singer 's debut full-length album Badlands . The sound of the EP is rooted on the electropop music genre . A digital remix version of the EP , featuring three remixes for the songs `` Hurricane '' , `` Ghost '' and `` Trouble '' was released on March 3 , 2015 . Along with the remix EP , a `` One Mic , One Take '' EP was released on the same date . `` Trouble ( Stripped ) '' was featured on the promo of the episode `` Best Laid Plans '' of the TV series Once Upon a Time .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "4a0f87a0c51325e9aa78937c4bf3effa", "text": "She Comes in Colors `` She Comes in Colors '' is a song written by Arthur Lee and released by Love as a single in 1966 and on their 1967 album Da Capo . It was also included on a number of Love compilation albums , including Love Revisted and Best of Love and on the multi-artist compilation album Forever Changing : The Golden Age of Elektra 1963-1973 . Although modern critics have praised the song as being `` sublime , '' or a `` timeless jewel '' or as possibly the best song Lee ever wrote , at the time of its release as a single it failed to make the Billboard Hot 100 . Lee and some music critics believed that `` She Comes in Colors '' was a source for the Rolling Stones ' song `` She 's a Rainbow , '' and several music critics and record company executives also believe that it influenced Madonna 's `` Beautiful Stranger , '' although Madonna has denied this . The song was also covered by several artists , including the Hooters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d274ce0861ebf8bce32fcb86260e0d37", "text": "Beatlemania in the United Kingdom The phenomenon known as Beatlemania originated in the United Kingdom , birthplace of the Beatles , when the band first realised enormous popularity there in 1963 . Returning in 1962 from a highly formative two-year residency in Germany , the Beatles achieved a commercial breakthrough with their second UK single release , `` Please Please Me '' early in 1963 , but gained `` Superstar '' status with the release of `` She Loves You '' later that year . There followed an almost non-stop series of concerts and tours , attended with feverish enthusiasm across the UK , for the whole of the following year . The Beatles ' popularity in the UK came to exceed even that of the notable American artists Tommy Roe , Chris Montez and Roy Orbison , whose UK chart success at the time did not keep them from being overshadowed by the Beatles during their 1963 nationwide tours with the lower-billed band -- an achievement previously unknown for a UK act . With intense media interest in the Beatles during 1963 , the year was also taken up with TV shows , press interviews and a weekly radio show . Despite these demands the band found time for many sessions in the recording studio , releasing two albums and four singles during the year . 1963 was also the year when Lennon 's son Julian was born . By the end of 1963 , Beatlemania would begin to spread internationally . The single `` I Want to Hold Your Hand '' entered the US charts on 18 January 1964 , selling one-and-a-half million copies in under three weeks , and the following month the Beatles made their first visit to America . The great interest in the Beatles brought about a major change in US attitudes to popular music and marked the start of the phenomenon known as the British Invasion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b80b08059e3f2c4c3bda5cbd5507f217", "text": "Sex Room `` Sex Room '' is a song recorded by Ludacris for his seventh studio album , Battle of the Sexes . The song features Trey Songz , who it was also written by along with Ludacris . It was produced by Kajun and was released as the third single from the album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ebeefd8ae3a1e0865370fc106e492c6f", "text": "Planet Rock (song) `` Planet Rock '' is a 1982 song by Afrika Bambaataa & the Soulsonic Force . The song featured Marvella Murray , Yvette Murray , Melissa Johnson and Sandra Wheeler on additional background vocals . Although it was primarily an underground hit in the United States , Canada , and UK , it helped change the foundations of hip-hop and dance music and became one of the most influential pieces and a milestone and eventually an icon of the hip-hop , breakdance and electronic music cultures . It is credited with pioneering the genre and developing the electro style , building on the work of Kraftwerk , Yellow Magic Orchestra , and George Clinton , combined with distinctive Roland TR-808 beats , and helped pave the way for other genres such as techno , house and trance . In November 2004 , `` Planet Rock '' placed at number 240 on Rolling Stone 's list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time and number 10 in About.com 's Top 100 Rap Songs . `` Planet Rock '' peaked at number four on the soul chart and number forty-eight on the Hot 100 , and went to number three on the dance charts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20add727916799eac659d7677a528e4f", "text": "Slip Inside This House `` Slip Inside this House '' is a song originally released by psychedelic rock band The 13th Floor Elevators as the first track on their 1967 album Easter Everywhere . At eight minutes , it is the longest album-released track of the 13th Floor Elevators . It is a good précis of the Elevators ' style , containing most of their common elements -- the electric jug of Tommy Hall , an insistent repetitive fuzz guitar riff , and impassioned vocals by Roky Erickson . In it , Tommy Hall , the lyricist , attempted to embody many of the elements of his psychedelic philosophy , which drew on elements of Eastern religions , Christian mysticism , Alfred Korzybski 's general semantics , and the teachings of Gurdjieff , among other disparate influences . The song was covered by Scottish alternative rock band Primal Scream on their album Screamadelica , by Norwegian band Madrugada , by New York noise rock band Oneida on their album Come on Everybody Let 's Rock , and by Scottish electronic band The Shamen on their 1992 promo Make It Mine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae71a315fbc9f885e862aa6b48a7e098", "text": "Two Rooms: Celebrating the Songs of Elton John & Bernie Taupin Two Rooms : Celebrating the Songs of Elton John & Bernie Taupin is a 1991 tribute album consisting of interpretations of sixteen songs written by Elton John and Bernie Taupin . The title refers to a song on John 's album 21 at 33 , `` Two Rooms at the End of the World '' , and to the duo 's unusual collaborative style ; it is also the title of a 1991 film documenting their collaboration . The album gained an uneven reception , though some performances were singled out for praise , including Sinéad O'Connor 's interpretation of `` Sacrifice '' and Kate Bush 's reggae-inflected version of `` Rocket Man '' , which in 2007 won The Observer readers ' award for Greatest Cover of all time . Oleta Adams ' version of `` Do n't Let the Sun Go Down on Me '' , peaked at # 33 in the UK charts . Kate Bush 's `` Rocket Man '' was released as a single and peaked at # 12 in the UK and # 2 in Australia ( where it beat the original version 's chart position by several places ) . Wilson Phillips ' cover of `` Daniel '' , while not released as a single , peaked at # 7 in the US Adult Contemporary chart due to strong radio airplay .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b385e012070856584bac8122aadb78be", "text": "Hotel Cabana Hotel Cabana is the debut studio album by British record producer Shahid `` Naughty Boy '' Khan , released from 23 August 2013 through Naughty Boy Recordings and Virgin EMI . Khan set up his Naughty Boy Productions record and production company . He would find his break by producing Chipmunk 's 2009 top-ten single `` Diamond Rings '' , featuring a then unknown Emeli Sandé . Naughty Boy released his own debut single as a signed artist in 2010 . `` Never Be Your Woman '' samples White Town 's 1997 number-one single `` Your Woman '' and featured British grime artist Wiley and Sandé on the chorus ; it reached the top ten in the UK and is included as a bonus track on Hotel Cabana . The collaboration marked the start of a partnership between Naughty Boy and Sandé which is seen throughout Hotel Cabana and Sandé 's debut set , Our Version of Events ( 2012 ) . Hotel Cabana is R&B , soul , garage , pop and hip hop music productions record , with influences from orchestral and Bollywood music . Naughty Boy describes it as an `` audio-visual experience '' and a concept album based on a luxury hotel where musicians come to perform . Hotel Cabana reunites Naughty Boy with Sandé on eight collaborations , as well as features from other British artists such George the Poet , Sam Smith , Bastille , Tinie Tempah , Ella Eyre , Gabrielle , Wretch 32 , Mic Righteous , Maiday , Chasing Grace , Ed Sheeran , and American rapper Wiz Khalifa , who appears on the album 's fourth single overall , `` Think About It '' , with Eyre . Ava Stokes , Tanika , Thabo and RØMANS make additional appearances on the US version of the album which was released by Virgin Records on 6 May 2014 . Prior to release , Hotel Cabana was promoted with several video trailers which included the collaborating artists arriving at the fictional hotel . It was also preceded by the release of three singles , including the two top-ten Sandé collaborations : `` Wonder '' and `` Lifted '' , as well as the UK Singles Chart-topper `` La La La '' ( featuring Sam Smith ) . Upon release , the album received generally favourable reviews from music critics , who praised the production , but with some criticism towards the concept , execution and some collaborations . Hotel Cabana made its chart debuts at number two in the UK , number five in Scotland and twenty-five in Ireland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e59d7efb6f9e2493ba8cf105d458636e", "text": "Angel (Madonna song) `` Angel '' is a song by American singer Madonna from her second studio album Like a Virgin ( 1984 ) . It was released on April 10 , 1985 by Sire Records as the third single from the album . Written by Madonna and Steve Bray , it was one of the first songs developed for the project and , according to Madonna , was inspired by a girl who is saved by an angel , and she falls in love with him . `` Angel '' was released as a 12 '' single with `` Into the Groove '' in some countries and charted likewise . A music video was initially planned for the release , but was later cancelled . Instead a promotional video comprising clips from her previous videos was released in the United Kingdom . Musically `` Angel '' consists of three chord ascending hook , which serves for the verse and chorus . It has vocal harmonies beneath the main chorus and the lyrics repeat the angel-like image of Madonna 's saviour . Critical response to the song was mixed , with some music critics calling it a classic and others deeming it sub-par compared to Madonna 's previous singles . `` Angel '' became the singer 's fifth consecutive top-five single on the Billboard Hot 100 and reached the top of its dance charts . It was also able to reach number-one in Australia and the top-five of the charts in Canada , Ireland , Japan , New Zealand , Spain and the United Kingdom . Madonna has performed the song only once , on The Virgin Tour in 1985 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e9b16c9f794c5967e234626022ed135d", "text": "Club at the End of the Street `` Club at the End of the Street '' is an up-beat song performed by Elton John and written by Bernie Taupin . From the album Sleeping with the Past , the song describes a night on the town between two lovers at a disclosed nightclub . John also describes the music of Otis Redding and Marvin Gaye being played . An interesting note is the video for the song was animated , due to Elton 's involvement with the family of AIDS victim Ryan White . The record company demanded a video , but Elton was dedicated to spending time with Ryan . The single was a top 30 hit in the US in the summer of 1990 . In Denmark , where the album was recorded , it hit # 1 for two weeks and is still seen as one of Elton 's biggest hits in that country .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "83b79423c12497cf8a22fa9b005af662", "text": "The Girlie Show: Live Down Under The Girlie Show : Live Down Under is a video album by American singer-songwriter Madonna . It was released by Warner Music Vision , Warner Reprise Video and Maverick Records on April 25 , 1994 and included a date filmed at Sydney Cricket Ground on November 19 , 1993 from The Girlie Show World Tour . The video was originally broadcast as a TV special on HBO in 1993 under the title Madonna Live Down Under : The Girlie Show . The concert was directed by Mark `` Aldo '' Miceli , who previously directed the TV specials Blond Ambition : Japan Tour 90 and the Barcelona TV special Madonna-Live ! Blond Ambition World Tour 90 ( live from Barcelona Olympic Stadium on August 1 , 1990 and not the version from the HBO special ) . When re-released on DVD in 1998 , the video was the first ever music video in this format along with another Warner Music title The Three Tenors in Concert .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d1db2ebf5d6d7b3938993fa90fa5e398", "text": "A Night at the Met A Night at the Met is the third official album release by Robin Williams on August 9 , 1986 . It features segments recorded live at Metropolitan Opera House in New York City . The album won the 1988 Grammy Award for Best Comedy Performance Single or Album , Spoken or Musical . The album was released the year before Williams ' critically acclaimed performance in the motion picture Good Morning , Vietnam ( 1987 ) . He had been shifting his focus from stand-up comedy to film making for several years , and A Night at the Met would be one of his last major concerts during the 1980s . The show is a mix of Williams ' quick-witted humor and voice work , with rants on the topics of drugs , sex , world affairs , and parenting . References to the events and people of the 1980s are mentioned heavily throughout ; U.S. President Ronald Reagan , Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi , and President of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev are central to many of the jokes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae3cd54fe313bf4a4bdd987479c0a3f5", "text": "Who's That Girl (1987 film) Who 's That Girl is a 1987 American screwball comedy film written by Andrew Smith and Ken Finkleman , and directed by James Foley . It stars Madonna and Griffin Dunne , and depicts the story of a street-smart girl who is falsely accused of murdering her boyfriend and is sent to jail . After getting released , she meets a man , who is supposed to make sure she gets on her bus back to Philadelphia , and convinces him to help her catch those responsible for her confinement . While searching for the embezzler , they fall in love with each other . After the failure of her 1986 film Shanghai Surprise , Madonna decided to sign another comedy film titled Slammer , which was later renamed to Who 's That Girl . However , she had to convince both Warner Bros. and the producers of the film that she was ready for the project . Madonna enlisted her friend James Foley to direct the film . Shooting began in New York in October 1986 , and continued until March 1987 . Production was halted during December due to snowfall in New York . Madonna utilized the time to work on her next tour and the soundtrack of the film . The film was released on August 7 , 1987 , and was a box office bomb , grossing only $ 2.5 million in its first week , with its final domestic total being about $ 7.3 million . Critics were highly disappointed with the film , and Foley 's direction . Some went on to call it one of the worst films to be released , while others found Madonna 's comic timing to be one of the highlights . However , the Who 's That Girl World Tour went on to be a critical and commercial success , grossing a total of US$ 25 million , and playing in front of audiences totaling 1.5 million people . The soundtrack of the film , though not acclaimed by the critics , enjoyed commercial success . Three of Madonna 's songs , the title track , `` Causing a Commotion '' and `` The Look of Love '' , were released as singles with the title track becoming Madonna 's sixth number one single on the US Billboard Hot 100 . The soundtrack album went on to sell six million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22644cef2584028750d54deb6fe4d199", "text": "Bathroom singing Bathroom singing , also known as singing in the bathroom , singing in the bath , or singing in the shower , is a widespread phenomenon . Many people sing in the bathroom because the hard wall surfaces , often tiles or wooden panels , and lack of soft furnishings , create an aurally pleasing acoustic environment . The multiple reflections from walls enrich the sound of one 's voice . Small dimensions and hard surfaces of a typical bathroom produce various kinds of standing waves , reverberation and echoes , giving the voice `` fullness and depth . '' This habit was reported ( with an attempt of explanations ) centuries ago . For example , Ibn Khaldun in Chapter 1 of his Muqaddimah writes : The bathroom singer is an ironic reference to mediocre or amateur singers . Jon Anderson had tiles installed in the studio , to simulate the echo effect of one 's vocals in a bathroom . This effect was not used only by singers . Paul Simon wrote : `` Weird Al '' Yankovic in fact in 1979 recorded his first single , `` My Bologna , '' in the bathroom across from the California Polytechnic State University student radio station where he was DJing at the time . `` There 's More to Life Than This '' , the fourth track on Björk 's 1993 album Debut , was recorded live in the toilets of the Milk Bar clubnight , London .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a5e47706effb3a7f7c2fa2854ea8f6a", "text": "A Certain Sacrifice A Certain Sacrifice is a 1985 American drama film co-written and directed by Stephen Jon Lewicki and starring Madonna , Jeremy Pattnosh and Charles Kurtz . It was Madonna 's first movie , filmed around September 1979 , but not released until 1985 . The film is an `` oddball '' independent film , shot on-and-off over two years in New York City for just $ 20,000 . Madonna finished her scenes in the Fall of 1980 . Almost all of the cast were unpaid .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0fa6135b81cc1ce4c329c3d4d5d34e82", "text": "Martini In The Morning Martini In The Morning is an internet radio station based in Los Angeles . Martini in the Morning , often shortened to `` MITM '' to resemble traditional radio station call letters , was created when Los Angeles radio station Fabulous 690 XETRA ( originally Fabulous 570 KLAC ) was sold in February 2006 , to become a Spanish language station . Brad ` Martini ' Chambers who created the new , more contemporary `` Adult Standards '' format for his then employers , Clear Channel Radio is the Program Director and principal host along with ` Mother ' Miriam Garfield . The station broadcasts 24 hours a day and is based in Studio City , Ca . Their broadcast format is similar to what is commonly referred to as `` Adult Standards '' , featuring Jazz Standards , primarily songs from what is often referred to as `` The Great American Songbook '' . The station is active in promoting the genre that the `` Great American Songbook '' represents and ensuring this musical genre does not disappear from the air . There were once hundreds of American radio stations programming similar music . There are now fewer than 200 , and many of those are a mix of `` Great American Songbook '' tunes with a larger percentage of more current `` Adult Contemporary '' music . Martini in the Morning features music written by the likes of Hoagy Carmichael , Cole Porter , Irving Berlin , Rodgers and Hart , Rodgers and Hammerstein , Johnny Mercer , Henry Mancini , Jimmy McHugh , Dorothy Fields , Fats Waller , Jerome Kern , Sammy Cahn , Jimmy Van Heusen , and many others , performed by the historical greats like Ella Fitzgerald , Frank Sinatra , Dean Martin , Sammy Davis Jr. , Billie Holiday , Bobby Darin , Dinah Washington as well as the more modern `` crooners '' like Steve Tyrell , Tony Bennett , Diana Krall , Michael Bublé , Michael Feinstein , and established pop/rock and R&B artists crossing over into the genre , such as Sting , Paul McCartney , Rod Stewart , Queen Latifah , Lady Gaga and others . The station is available on-line through various means , using iTunes ( Golden Oldies ) , mobile apps including TuneIn Radio , StreamS HiFi , Reciva , vTuner , Radio Loyalty and others available through the App Store or Marketplace , or you can connect directly via internet address : http://martiniinthemorning.com or watch live in studio on-line during the stations 's `` Morning Show '' 6:00 AM -- 10:00 AM Pacific time at http://www.martiniinthemorning.com/martinivision.html or via Ustream.tv - http://ustream.tv/mitm .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bf459c30dd2a06412b49ee78b96d4c16", "text": "Papa Don't Preach `` Papa Do n't Preach '' is a song by American singer Madonna from her third studio album True Blue ( 1986 ) . The song was written by Brian Elliot with additional lyrics by Madonna , and produced by Stephen Bray and Madonna . The song also appears remixed on the 1990 compilation album The Immaculate Collection and in its original form on the 2009 compilation album Celebration . The song 's musical style combines pop and classical styling , and its lyrics deal with teenage pregnancy and abortion . It was based on teen gossip Elliot heard outside his studio , which has a large front window that doubles as a mirror where schoolgirls from the North Hollywood High School in Los Angeles regularly stopped to fix their hair and chat . Released as the album 's second single in mid-1986 , the song was a commercial success . It became Madonna 's fourth number-one single on the Billboard Hot 100 , and performed well internationally , reaching the top position in the United Kingdom and Australia . It was well received by music critics and was frequently cited as a highlight in the album . The music video , directed by James Foley , shows Madonna 's second image makeover , featuring her with a more toned and muscular body , and cropped platinum blonde hair . It portrayed a storyline where Madonna is trying to tell her father about her pregnancy . The images are juxtaposed with shots of Madonna dancing and singing in a small , darkened studio , and spending a romantic evening with her boyfriend . Shortly after its release , the song caused heated discussions about its lyrical content . Women 's organizations and others in the family planning field criticized Madonna for encouraging teenage pregnancy , while groups opposed to abortion saw the song as having a positive pro-life message . Madonna has performed `` Papa Do n't Preach '' in four of her world tours , most recently The MDNA Tour in 2012 . The song also caused her first conflict with the Vatican , as she dedicated it to Pope John Paul II , who urged Italian fans to boycott her concerts during the Who 's That Girl World Tour in 1987 . In 2002 , British singer Kelly Osbourne recorded a hard rock cover of the song which was included as a bonus track on her debut album Shut Up .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df58b5190fce90bb96713b39f5d5704a", "text": "Warp 10: Influences, Classics, Remixes Warp 10 is a series of compilation albums issued by Warp Records in 1999 to celebrate the label 's tenth anniversary . The collection spans three double CD/quadruple vinyl sets , which can be purchased individually . Each volume in the set highlights different phases of electronic music , including influential tracks not originally released by Warp ( licensed specifically for this collection ) , but which helped to shape the artists and musicians who eventually appeared on the label , as well as tracks that influenced the overall sound of the label itself . Warp 10 +1 : Influences ( WARP LP/CD 67 ) contains twenty-two early acid house and techno tracks . Many of these songs are today considered to be the classics of these genres ( when they were in their infancy ) . A number of the tracks had never been available on compact disc before this collection , and seven of the twenty-two were mastered directly from 12 inch vinyl ( from such record labels as Cutting , Trax , Fourth Floor , KMS , Metroplex , 10 , Cause N ' Effect , Transmat , Plezure , and Bassic ) . Spanning the years 1986 through 1990 , the songs represented here were still very much an underground sensation in the United States , however a handful of these songs charted well on the UK singles chart and helped to usher in the acid house craze that swept across Europe in the late 1980s . Warp 10 +2 : Classics 89 -- 92 ( WARP LP/CD 68 ) features eighteen full-length `` classic '' versions and remixes taken directly from the vaults of Warp Records . Tracks appearing here were produced between the years of 1989 and 1992 . As with Warp 10 +1 , many of these tracks appeared previously only on 12 inch vinyl or now out-of-print compilations and EPs . Warp 10 +3 : Remixes ( WARP LP/CD 69 ) contains twenty-six remixes ( of which twenty-five are exclusive to this collection ) of tracks taken from Warp Records ' back catalog . Although all of the original recordings were released by Warp , the remixers are not necessarily Warp Records artists . The original songs span from the years 1990 through 1998 . The album art is the Roger Stevens Building , a lecture hall for the University of Leeds built in the 1970s , and noted for its bizarre brutalist architecture . The quadruple vinyl editions of Influences and Classics 89 -- 92 come in gatefold sleeves , while that of Remixes is packaged as four separate LPs in sleeves inside a hard box . In a 2013 article for Fact Magazine , Simon Reynolds noted that Warp 10 +2 : Classics 89 -- 92 remains one of the only compilations that covers the `` bleep techno '' of the early 1990s : '' -LSB- D -RSB- espite its time-defying excellence , bleep is poorly served in terms of compilations : basically , there 's Warp 's Classics double CD , plus out-of-print comps from the original era . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f9d6c511202bfd4bf48ff6aea09d68a", "text": "C'Mon People `` C'Mon People '' is a single from Paul McCartney 's 1993 album , Off the Ground . The song reached number 41 on the UK singles chart . McCartney recorded the song for the UK music programme Top Of The Pops . The video for the single was directed by ex-10cc member Kevin Godley and shows McCartney at the piano singing the song while workmen speedily deconstruct it and re-build it around him . The song was a staple of McCartney 's 1993 World Tour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6251018bd6faa8506f829d3492c64384", "text": "99 (song) `` 99 '' is a song by the American rock band Toto . The song appeared on the Hydra album in 1979 . When released as a single , it reached number 26 on the Billboard charts . The song was written as a tribute to George Lucas ' film THX 1138 and the music video resembles a scene in the movie . In the video , as in the movie scene where the main character ( named `` THX-1138 '' ) is imprisoned , the room is completely white and everyone is wearing a white jumpsuit . Toto Legend , the former official International Toto Fan Club newsletter , reviewed the video : ' 99 ' was predominantly a performance video , though the set design was rather conceptual . Following David Paich 's intention regarding the lyrics , about a sterile society in which names are forgotten and love forbidden , the set was sterile white , with various sized sculptured 99 's hanging and standing about , and the band was clad in futuristic white jumpsuits . There were some notable shots in this one -- keyboard close-ups and an artistic view of Jeff through a transparent drum head , a technique that several popular videos have copied since . Guitarist Steve Lukather has since admitted that despite the song 's popularity , it 's one of his least favorite compositions , and has even said he `` downright hated it . '' He called the lyrics `` obtuse . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e54d481523e826d75a75847b030bd6b6", "text": "Hot Space Hot Space is the tenth studio album by the British rock band Queen , released on 21 May 1982 by EMI Records in the United Kingdom and by Elektra Records in the United States . Marking a notable shift in direction from their earlier work , they employed many elements of disco , funk , rhythm and blues , dance and pop music on the album . This made the album less popular with fans who preferred the traditional rock style they had come to associate with the band . Queen 's decision to record a dance-oriented album germinated with the massive success in the US of their 1980 hit `` Another One Bites the Dust '' ( and to a lesser extent , the UK success of the song ) . `` Under Pressure '' , Queen 's collaboration with David Bowie , was released in 1981 and became the band 's second # 1 hit in the UK . Though included on Hot Space , the song was a separate project and was recorded ahead of the album , before the controversy over Queen 's new disco-influenced rock sound . The album 's second single , `` Body Language '' , peaked at # 11 on the US charts . In July 2004 , Q magazine listed Hot Space as one of the top fifteen albums where great rock acts lost the plot . Most of the album was recorded in Munich during the most turbulent period in the band 's history , and Roger Taylor and Brian May despised the new sound , with both being very critical of the influence Freddie Mercury 's manager Paul Prenter had on the singer . Estimated sales of the album currently stand at 3.5 million copies .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "cea27cabd66983f258f5f30b0513359a", "text": "Winnipeg Winnipeg ( -LSB- ˈwɪnɪpɛɡ -RSB- ) is the capital and largest city of the province of Manitoba in Canada . It is located near the longitudinal centre of North America and is 110 km from the U.S. border . It is also the place of the confluence of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers . The city is named after the nearby Lake Winnipeg ; the name comes from the Western Cree words for muddy water . The region was a trading centre for aboriginal peoples long before the arrival of Europeans . French traders built the first fort on the site in 1738 . A settlement was later founded by the Selkirk settlers of the Red River Colony in 1812 , the nucleus of which was incorporated as the City of Winnipeg in 1873 . As of 2011 , Winnipeg is the seventh most populated municipality in Canada . Being located very far inland , the local climate is extremely seasonal even by Canadian standards with average January lows of around -21 C and average July highs of 26 C. Known as the `` Gateway to the West '' , Winnipeg is a railway and transportation hub with a diversified economy . This multicultural city hosts numerous annual festivals , including the Festival du Voyageur , the Winnipeg Folk Festival , the Jazz Winnipeg Festival , the Winnipeg Fringe Theatre Festival , and Folklorama . Winnipeg was the first Canadian host of the Pan American Games . It is home to several professional sports franchises , including the Winnipeg Blue Bombers ( Canadian football ) , the Winnipeg Jets ( ice hockey ) , Manitoba Moose ( ice hockey ) and the Winnipeg Goldeyes ( baseball ) .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f21b829edbadcc99ad42ecb56ea2f14c", "text": "St. François Xavier, Manitoba For the rural municipality , see : Rural Municipality of St. François Xavier St. François Xavier is an unincorporated urban centre located in the southeastern part of the Rural Municipality of St. François Xavier in Manitoba , Canada . It is located about 25 km west of the city of Winnipeg on the Assiniboine River .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9742d31f862a6f128ea143e6382db3c5", "text": "History of Manitoba Manitoba is one of Canada 's 10 provinces , and the easternmost of the Prairie Provinces . Fur traders first arrived in what is now Manitoba during the late 17th century . It was officially recognized by the Federal Government in 1870 as separate from the Northwest Territories , and became the first province created from the Territories . The economy was long based on farming , centering on grains , cattle and hay . The economy is now diversified due to urbanization .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ce6cc43c1f6b6978969078007400ccc", "text": "Manitoba Labour Representation Committee The Labour Representation Committee was a reformist labour organization in Manitoba , Canada , and was the ideological successor to groups such as the Winnipeg Labour Party , the Independent Labour Party and the Manitoba Labour Party . It was founded in late 1912 , and was based on a British organization of the same name . The LRC cooperated with the Social Democratic Party of Canada in the municipal elections of 1913 , and the two parties did not compete against each other in the 1914 provincial election . This was a marked contrast to the hostility which had previously existed between reformist labour groups and the Socialist Party of Canada ( from which the SDPC had split ) . The party 's candidates in 1914 were W.J. Bartlett ( Assiniboia ) and R.S. Ward ( Elmwood ) . All of these candidates placed third , behind their Conservative and Liberal opponents . Fred Dixon was not a candidate of the LRC in 1914 , but sympathized with most of its goals and was from the same reformist tradition . Unofficially supported by many in the LRC , Dixon was elected as an independent candidate in a Winnipeg constituency . For the provincial election of 1915 , the LRC supported the two SDPC candidates in Winnipeg North ( one of whom was successful ) , and also nominated William Bayley in Assiniboia . Bayley finished ahead of John Thomas Haig , the riding 's Tory incumbent , and came within 55 votes of defeating Liberal John Wilton . Dixon again ran as an independent . The candidates nominated by the LRC in 1914-15 officially ran as `` Independent Labour '' . This organization dissolved after the election of 1915 . Three years later , some of its supporters ( including Dixon and Arthur Puttee ) started the Dominion Labour Party in Winnipeg . Category : Provincial political parties in Manitoba Category : Socialist parties in Canada Category : Defunct political parties in Canada Category :1912 establishments in Manitoba", "title": "" }, { "docid": "83a90d7aefcc69e5d1213b28bd237f9e", "text": "Winnipeg Green Party The Winnipeg Green Party was a municipal political party in Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada . The party has been inactive and is possibly defunct .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14ae8b4e374f800e30878d48e407f3ce", "text": "Winnipeg into the '90s Winnipeg into the '90s was an alliance of progressive and left-leaning municipal politicians in the Canadian city of Winnipeg , Manitoba . It endorsed several candidates in the city 's municipal elections of 1989 , 1992 and 1995 , including future mayor Glen Murray and future provincial Premier Greg Selinger . `` WIN '' was formed to oppose the `` Gang of 18 '' , an informal group of right-wing municipal councillors who held a majority on council and met regularly before official council meetings to determine the city 's agenda . The `` Gang of 18 '' was a successor to the Independent Citizens ' Election Committee , a right-wing municipal party that dominated Winnipeg 's city council from the early 1970s to the early 1980s . Several WIN candidates were successful in the 1989 election , and the council was no longer under the control of any faction after the election . WIN continued as a political organization in Winnipeg , under the name Winnipeg in the '90s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7eba3711030f84db4e278469b88b6aa1", "text": "Old Kildonan Old Kildonan is a former municipality and city ward of Winnipeg , Manitoba , represented by a member of Winnipeg City Council . Before the City of Winnipeg Act of 1972 , it was an independent rural municipality . The population was 39,358 ( Source : Statistics Canada ) . The Rural Municipality of Old Kildonan was originally part of the Rural Municipality of Kildonan , which was formed in 1875 in Manitoba . This was part of the Red River Colony , and originally rivalled Fort Garry in the Winnipeg area . It is bounded by the Red River on the east ; the North Limit of the City of Winnipeg on the north ; Pipeline Road , Mollard Road , Ritchie Street , Farmer Avenue , and Keewatin Street on the west ; and Carruthers Avenue , McPhillips Street , Templeton Avenue , the Canadian Pacific Railway Winnipeg Beach Subdivision , Seaforth Avenue , Main Street , and the north limit of the Kildonan Golf Course on the south . From 1875 to 1914 , Kildonan covered a large area on both sides of the Red River , just north of the original City of Winnipeg . In 1914 , Kildonan was divided : The area east of the river became the R. M. of East Kildonan , and the area west of the river became the R. M. of West Kildonan . At that time , West Kildonan included the area of Old Kildonan but on July 1,1921 the two municipalities divided , as West Kildonan had been developed as a residential suburb of Winnipeg , and wanted expensive urban services , while Old Kildonan remained primarily rural , and still had the rural farming character of the `` Old '' Parish of Kildonan . The area did not see substantial development until the late 1960s with the construction of The Maples subdivision , and even today contains substantial undeveloped areas and a number of farms . Category : Former municipalities now in Winnipeg Category : Neighbourhoods in Winnipeg", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c35c949979762aa8548a277509ab3ef9", "text": "Moosonee Moosonee is a town in northern Ontario , Canada , on the Moose River approximately 19 km south of James Bay . It is considered to be `` the Gateway to the Arctic '' and has Ontario 's only saltwater port . Nearby on Moose Factory Island is the community of Moose Factory to which it is connected by water taxi in the summer and ice road in the winter . Moosonee is the railhead of the Ontario Northland Railway where goods are transferred to barges and aircraft for transport to more northerly communities . Moosonee is not particularly far north , being located at 51 ° N -- which is roughly the same latitude as Saskatoon , Calgary , London ( UK ) , and Berlin -- but is colder due to its proximity to the Hudson Bay , and isolated due to its lack of road access to the rest of Ontario . The community was the site of a fur trading post set up in 1903 by Révillon Frères , competitors to the Hudson 's Bay Company which later bought out Révillon . Moosonee formerly held the status of a Development Area , the only community in the province with that designation , and was governed by a locally elected board subject to formal appointment by the Ontario provincial government . It became incorporated as a town effective January 1 , 2001 , with an elected mayor and four-person council . The most recent Municipal Council was elected on October 27 , 2014 and three replacement councillors were elected in a by-election held 2015 July 7 . For 2014 -- 2018 the Town Council consists of Mayor Wayne Taipale , and Councillors Tony Tourville , John Moore , Carman Tozer and Cathy Turner .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "716d5a2e33df9872f816cf965a710d00", "text": "St. Johns (provincial electoral district) St. Johns is a provincial electoral division in the Canadian province of Manitoba . It was created by redistribution in 1957 , and has formally existed since 1958 . It is located in the north-end of Winnipeg . The constituency is bordered by Kildonan to the north and west , Burrows to the west , Elmwood to the east , and Point Douglas to the south . The riding 's population in 1996 was 20,023 . The average family income in 1999 was $ 40,443 , with an unemployment rate of 10.90 % . Over 35 % of the riding 's residents are categorized as low-income . St. Johns has a diverse population . Ten per cent of the riding 's residents listed Ukrainian as their ethnic origin in 1999 , with a further 6 % Polish and 5 % Jewish . Twelve per cent of the riding 's residents are aboriginal . Manufacturing jobs accounted for 18 % of the riding 's industry , with a further 15 % in services . Since its creation , St. Johns has been represented by members of the Manitoba Co-operative Commonwealth Federation ( CCF ) and its successor , the New Democratic Party ( NDP ) . It is considered safe for the party . The current MLA is Gord Mackintosh , who was re-elected with over 72 % of the vote in the provincial election of 2003 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28d313717486d25384949f419ca8e588", "text": "Manitoba Court of Appeal The Manitoba Court of Appeal ( Cour d'appel du Manitoba ) is the highest Court of Appeal in the Canadian province of Manitoba . It was established in 1906 . It is located in the Old Law Courts building at 408 York Avenue in Winnipeg , the capital city of Manitoba . It hears criminal , civil and family law cases , as well as appeals from various administrative boards and tribunals . Pursuant to The Court of Appeal Act , the court consists of a Chief Justice and seven other judges . The Chief Justice is responsible for the judicial functions of the court , including direction over sittings of the court and the assignment of judicial duties . Most cases are heard by a panel of three justices . A single justice presides over matters heard in '' chambers '' , usually interlocutory matters or applications for leave to appeal . Proceedings before the court are governed by the Court of Appeal Rules . As a `` Superior Court '' under section 96 of the Constitution Act , 1867 , Court of Appeal judges are appointed by the Governor-General of Canada ( in practical terms , the Prime Minister of Canada ) . Appointees must be members of the Manitoba bar , but need not have had previous experience as a judge . However , appointees almost always have some experience as a judge , usually on the Manitoba Court of Queen 's Bench .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9285e08492c10de6b78f8ea420d7360b", "text": "Ukrainian Cultural and Educational Centre The Ukrainian Cultural and Educational Centre , ( also known as Oseredok which is `` centre '' in Ukrainian ) is a museum , gallery , and library in Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada . Oseredok was founded in 1944 by the Ukrainian National Federation of Canada as a museum , archives , library and art gallery . It is the largest Ukrainian cultural institution of its kind in Canada . The museum collects and preserves materials and artifacts including documents , ancient maps , rare books , film , photographs , items of folk art , pioneers ' tools , musical instruments , and regional folk costumes . The gallery exhibits work of Canadian and international Ukrainian artists . The library holds over 40,000 books and periodicals in Ukrainian and English including collections of children 's books , folklore , music , humanities and sciences , a rare book collection and reference materials . The museum is affiliated with the CMA , CHIN , and Virtual Museum of Canada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e16d785eccdb2e056ee11f38729433f3", "text": "Manitoba Labour Party The Manitoba Labour Party ( MLP ) was a reformist , non-Marxist labour party in Manitoba , Canada . It was created in early May 1910 as a successor to the province 's second Independent Labour Party ( 1906 -- 08 ) . Former Member of Parliament Arthur Puttee was a leading MLP organizer . The party fielded one candidate in the 1910 provincial election , and also ran candidates at the municipal level . The party 's founding convention declared that `` the ultimate object of attainment shall be to preserve to the worker the full product of his toil '' . The ambiguity of this statement was criticized by the more radical Socialist Party of Canada ( SPC ) , which called for collective ownership in industry . After the SPC nominated candidates for Winnipeg North and Winnipeg West in the 1910 provincial election , the MLP sought to prevent confrontation and vote-splitting by fielding only one candidate of their own : Fred Dixon in Winnipeg Centre . Dixon was a moderate reformer , and campaigned in an unofficial alliance with the Manitoba Liberal Party . He was bitterly opposed by the SPC , which belatedly nominated W.S. Cummings to run against him as a spoiler . Dixon lost to the Conservative Party incumbent , Thomas Taylor , by seventy-three votes . Cummings 's ninety-nine votes may have made the difference in the outcome . The SPC was widely blamed for Dixon 's loss , and became marginalized in Winnipeg 's labour community for the next eight years . The Manitoba Labour Party dissolved after the 1910 election . In 1912 , its leaders formed the Manitoba Labour Representation Committee .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a139b91f5a0c0ef5ee95ea4cee9509e", "text": "Culture of Manitoba Manitoban culture is a term that encompasses the artistic elements that are representative of Manitoba . Manitoba 's culture has been influenced by both traditional ( Aboriginal and Métis ) and modern Canadian artistic values , as well as some aspects of the cultures of immigrant populations and its American neighbours . In Manitoba , the Minister of Culture , Heritage , Tourism and Sport is the cabinet minister responsible for promoting and , to some extent , financing Manitoba culture . The Manitoba Arts Council is the agency that has been established to provide the processes for arts funding . The Canadian federal government also plays a role by instituting programs and laws regarding culture nationwide . Most of Manitoba 's cultural activities take place in its capital and largest city , Winnipeg .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d0e28436705897f0580211ce772cb8c7", "text": "Manitoba Electronic Music Exhibition Manitoba Electronic Music Exhibition aka `` MEME '' is a yearly electronic music and digital arts festival started in 2010 in Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada . MEME is Western Canada 's leading electronic music and digital arts festival . MEME features various concerts , events , workshops and a series of free outdoor concerts located at The Cube in Winnipeg 's Old Market Square in the Exchange District as well as all over Winnipeg in a variety of venues that have included The Forks Market , Pantages Playhouse , The Winnipeg Art Gallery , The Met Theatre and smaller club venues . The 4 day festival is only one component to MEMETIC 's participation in the arts and culture scene in Winnipeg , with events held year round that showcase local talent , and bring in world class acts . Some special events include participating in Nuit Blanche as a partner with the Winnipeg Art Gallery , participating in arts education by partnering with the West Broadway Youth Association as well as entering a float representing the MEME festival in the Winnipeg Pride Parade ( Award won in 2015 for Best Musical Entry ) . Club nights include general music/vj focused events , as well as specialty nights such as an electro swing night ( Roaring 2020 's ) and a middle eastern/world themed night ( 1001 Nights ) . Halloween and New Year 's Eve are also major event nights for MEME shows . Headliners of the exhibition included Deepchild , a Berlin-based Australian DJ and Funk d'Void . Notable past performers at MEME include : Thomas Fehlmann , Kevin Saunderson , Mike Monday , Pezzner , Dandy Jack and Bluetech .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1e28af5558bd89e829225222fbdd6f9", "text": "Manitoba Opera Manitoba Opera is an opera company in Winnipeg , Manitoba that was founded in 1969 . Its first production was a concert version of Giuseppe Verdi 's Il Trovatore in 1972 . Manitoba Opera is one of several western Canadian opera companies that flourished under the so-called `` father of opera in Western Canada , '' Irving Guttman . He has been instrumental in the development of many young Canadian singers , including Winnipeg native Tracy Dahl ( soprano ) and Winkler 's Phillip Ens ( bass ) . Both have gone on to international careers . Live music for Manitoba Opera productions is provided by the Winnipeg Symphony Orchestra . In November 2007 , the company staged its first original production , Transit of Venus , composed by Victor Davies , with a libretto by Maureen Hunter , based on her stage play of the same name . Manitoba Opera is based at the Centennial Concert Hall . Larry Desrochers has been the General Director since November 2000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e523e295bf7475aee7869360b614e71", "text": "Brave New Words: The Manitoba Writing and Publishing Awards Brave New Words : The Manitoba Writing and Publishing Awards is a gala , held annually in April in Winnipeg , Manitoba , celebrating the best of Manitoban publishing from the previous year . Brave New Words celebrated its 20th anniversary in 2008 . Depending on the year , there are several awards conferred , as some of the awards are only bestowed biannually . The awards are co-produced by the Association of Manitoba Book Publishers and the Manitoba Writers ' Guild .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7a199e8b9cb90d67a74b8ff99a34729", "text": "St. Norbert, Winnipeg St. Norbert is a bilingual ( French and English ) neighbourhood in the southernmost part of Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada . While outside the Perimeter Highway , ( the beltway that surrounds most of Winnipeg ) , it is still part of the city . The population is just over 5,000 . Each summer , the community is home to the St. Norbert Farmers ' Market , drawing large crowds from Winnipeg and the surrounding area . Other attractions include the St. Norbert Provincial Heritage Park , and the St. Norbert Arts and Cultural Centre . St. Norbert is the closest community to the Red River Floodway gates . St. Norbert is also the name of a much bigger city ward in Winnipeg , which includes much of the Fort Garry South neighbourhood cluster and a small part of St. Vital . It is represented by a member of Winnipeg City Council .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b4f3bba97a811355b1a36b09955d2a23", "text": "Glenwood, Winnipeg Glenwood is a neighbourhood in the city of Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada . It is located in the northern section of the district of St. Vital , and is bounded by Carrière Avenue on the north , the Seine River on the east , Fermor Avenue on the south , and the Red River and St. Anne 's Road on the west . As of the 2006 census , Glenwood had a population of 3,650 . It is one of the oldest neighbourhoods in St. Vital and is mainly residential with some light commercial development , mainly retail and professional , along St. Mary 's Road and St. Anne 's Road . Guay Park in west Glenwood is the home of a war memorial honouring St. Vital residents who died in World Wars I and II and in Korea . Glenwood also contains the St. Vital Arch , featuring the former independent city 's coat of arms . A mural at the St. Vital Curling Club in south Glenwood depicts scenes from the 1997 Red River Flood ; a list of flood years is also inscribed on the building 's outer walls . The neighbourhood is also the home of Glenwood Community Centre , Glenwood School , the New Testament Church of God Pentecostal Church , the Winnipeg International Church of Christ , and Paroisse Ste. Marie , a francophone Roman Catholic church .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e44f9a8e04b32456e42967d226d25f12", "text": "Rugby Manitoba Rugby Manitoba is the provincial administrative body for rugby union in Manitoba .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "db045b85c2bc20a29693150197441bb4", "text": "Transport in Winnipeg", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e275629d3d77b75eefe8610f26eaa87", "text": "Lake Winnipeg Lake Winnipeg ( Lac Winnipeg ) is a very large , but relatively shallow 24514 km2 lake in central North America , in the province of Manitoba , Canada , with its southern tip about 55 km north of the city of Winnipeg . It is the largest lake within southern Canada 's borders , and it is part of the most undeveloped large watershed of southern Canada . Lake Winnipeg is Canada 's sixth-largest freshwater lake , and the third-largest freshwater lake contained entirely within Canada , but it is relatively shallow ( mean depth of 12 m ) excluding a narrow 36 m deep channel between the northern and southern basins . It is the eleventh-largest freshwater lake on Earth . The lake 's east side has pristine boreal forests and rivers that are being promoted as a potential United Nations World Heritage Park . The lake is elongated and is 416 km from north to south , with remote sandy beaches , large limestone cliffs , and many bat caves in some areas . Manitoba Hydro uses the lake as one of the largest reservoirs in the world . There are many islands , most of them undeveloped .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ef95db86f49aa12f774471733b6d7d04", "text": "Fight Club Fight Club is a 1999 American film based on the 1996 novel of the same name by Chuck Palahniuk . The film was directed by David Fincher , and stars Brad Pitt , Edward Norton and Helena Bonham Carter . Norton plays the unnamed protagonist , referred to as the narrator , who is discontented with his white-collar job . He forms a `` fight club '' with soap maker Tyler Durden , played by Pitt , and they are joined by men who also want to fight recreationally . The narrator becomes embroiled in a relationship with Durden and a dissolute woman , Marla Singer , played by Bonham Carter . Palahniuk 's novel was optioned by 20th Century Fox producer Laura Ziskin , who hired Jim Uhls to write the film adaptation . Fincher was one of four directors the producers considered , and was selected because of his enthusiasm for the film . Fincher developed the script with Uhls and sought screenwriting advice from the cast and others in the film industry . The director and the cast compared the film to Rebel Without a Cause ( 1955 ) and The Graduate ( 1967 ) . They said its theme was the conflict between a generation of young people and the value system of advertising . The director copied the homoerotic overtones from Palahniuk 's novel to make audiences uncomfortable and keep them from anticipating the twist ending . Studio executives did not like the film and restructured Fincher 's intended marketing campaign to try to reduce anticipated losses . Fight Club failed to meet the studio 's expectations at the box office and initially received polarizing reactions from critics , becoming one of the most controversial and talked-about films of the year . Critics praised the acting , directing , themes and messages but debated the explicit violence and moral ambiguity . Over time , however , reception towards the film has become largely positive with critics and audiences , finding critical and commercial success with its DVD release , which established Fight Club as a cult film . It is now regarded by many as one of the greatest films of the 1990s .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "8050f9f6a05f90abd83f0e6b4f92cd21", "text": "Final Fight Revenge is a 1999 American-developed 3D fighting video game . The game was produced by the American division of Capcom ( later known as `` Capcom Production Studio 8 '' ) , which later produced Maximo : Ghosts to Glory and Final Fight : Streetwise . Final Fight Revenge was released for the arcades on July 1999 and ran on the Sega ST-V arcade hardware . It is the only Final Fight sequel released for the arcades . A home version was released for the Sega Saturn on March 30 , 2000 , which was the last Capcom game officially released for the platform . The Sega Saturn version was only available in Japan . However , the game can be played in English if the console 's internal language is set to English .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55a7d015872d39d71a3ba6e38d4e355e", "text": "Black Reel Awards The Black Reel Awards , or `` BRAs '' , is an annual American awards ceremony hosted by the Foundation for the Augmentation of African-Americans in Film ( FAAAF ) to recognize excellence in African-American , as well as those of African diaspora 's cinematic achievements in the around the world film industry as assessed by the Academy 's voting membership . The various category winners are awarded a copy of a statuette , officially called the Black Reel Award . The awards , first presented in 2000 in Washington , DC , are overseen by FAAAF . The awards ceremony was initially awarded online their first two years before the first live show in 2002 . The awards have broadcast to radio since 2014 . Currently , the Black Reel Awards is the oldest cinema-exclusive awards ceremony for African-Americans . The 16th Annual Black Reel Awards ceremony was held on February 18 , 2016 . A total of 315 Black Reel Awards have been presented since the inception of the award through the 16th .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "418253513a117f7e21f5fb36fb53441c", "text": "Adult movie theater An adult movie theatre is a euphemistic term for a movie theatre designed only for the exhibition of pornographic films . Adult movie theatres show pornographic films primarily for either a respectively heterosexual or homosexual audience . For the patrons , rules are generally less strict regarding partial - or full-nudity and public masturbation or sex , and such behavior may be condoned explicitly or otherwise by the management . Such behavior may or may not be legal , and if not , may or may not be overlooked by local law enforcement . Certain theaters may also include a stripshow or sex show between films , or other sex industry services . Before the VCR and , later , the internet , a movie theatre or cinema house was often the only location where people could see hard-core erotic films . The spread of home videos has led to a drastic reduction in the number of adult theatres .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9aea12ef24682f2fe795e3a1ba0caf0b", "text": "Hellfire Club (comics) The Hellfire Club is a fictional society appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The Hellfire Club often comes into confrontation with the mutant superhero team , the X-Men . Although the Club appears to merely be an international social club for wealthy elites , its clandestine Inner Circle seeks to influence world events , in accordance with their own agenda . Created by the Uncanny X-Men writer/artist duo of Chris Claremont and John Byrne , they were heavily influenced by a 1966 episode of the British television series The Avengers ( `` A Touch of Brimstone '' ) . The name `` Hellfire Club '' in fact has a historical precedent , having been a popular name for gentlemen 's clubs in the 18th century . Additionally , the hierarchy of the Inner Circle is modeled on the pieces of a chess set , with Black and White sets of Kings , Queens , Bishops and Rooks . The Hellfire Club and its Inner Circle were introduced in `` The Dark Phoenix Saga '' , attempting to subvert the X-Men 's Jean Grey . This incarnation , composed most notably of Black King Sebastian Shaw and White Queen Emma Frost , would remain prominent for many years . After their initial confrontations , the Hellfire Club and the X-Men settled into an uneasy alliance . This eventually changed as endless power struggles perpetuated a series of upheavals within the Inner Circle . The club has appeared in two X-Men animated series ( X-Men : The Animated Series and Wolverine and the X-Men ) , both times being renamed as simply The Inner Circle , due to the hesitations to use the word Hellfire in animated children series . Members of the Hellfire Club appeared in 2011 's X-Men : First Class as the main villains , led by Sebastian Shaw and Emma Frost .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3bfbb35eeecc286c31dfc2bf9ab574b", "text": "Combat Shock Combat Shock is a 1986 action war drama film written and directed by Buddy Giovinazzo and distributed by Troma Entertainment . The plot of the film takes place in Staten Island , and follows an unemployed Vietnam veteran living in total poverty with his nagging wife , his deformed baby due to Ricky having been exposed to Agent Orange that the US was spraying as a defoliant over Vietnam , and junkie friends . Unable to get a job and surrounded by the depravity of urban life and crime , he begins to lose his grip on sanity . The film received mixed reviews when it was released . Film Threat 's Christopher Curry praised the film for its gritty realism , and Troma president Lloyd Kaufman calls it one of the company 's true `` masterpieces '' ; however , shockcinemamagazine.com called it `` one of the ugliest , nastiest , most depressing movies of the decade '' ( though the review itself was a positive one ) , and Videohound described the film as `` relentlessly bleak ... you wo n't find a more depressing film outside an art-house cinema '' . Tagline : Fighting , killing , maiming ... Agent Orange and the torture cages were the easy part !", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15de4fea6d1defb9167a6e11108320bb", "text": "Cinema of India The cinema of India consists of films produced across India . Cinema as a medium has gained immense popularity in the country and as many as 1,600 films in various languages of India are produced annually . Indian films have also come to be followed throughout South Asia , the Greater Middle East , Southeast Asia and other countries . Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the `` father of Indian cinema '' . The Dadasaheb Phalke Award , for lifetime contribution to cinema , was instituted in his honour , by the Government of India in 1969 , and is the most prestigious and coveted award in Indian cinema . In the 20th century , Indian cinema , along with the Hollywood and Chinese film industries , became a global enterprise . As of 2013 , in terms of annual film output , India ranks first , followed by Nollywood , Hollywood and China . In 2012 , India produced 1,602 feature films . The Indian film industry reached overall revenues of $ 1.86 billion ( 93 billion ) in 2011 . This is projected to rise to $ 3 billion ( 200 billion ) in 2016 . In 2015 , India had a total box office gross of , the fourth largest in the world outside North America . Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product , altering the manner in which content reached the target audience . Biopics like Dangal and CGI-laden epics like Baahubali emerged as transnational blockbusters grossing over $ 200 million each in early 21st century . Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened . The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country 's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe . The provision of 100 % foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as 20th Century Fox , Sony Pictures , Walt Disney Pictures and Warner Bros. . Indian enterprises such as AVM Productions , Prasad 's Group , Sun Pictures , PVP Cinemas , Zee , UTV , Suresh Productions , Eros Films , Ayngaran International , Pyramid Saimira , Aascar Films and Adlabs also participated in producing and distributing films . Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India . By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the National Stock Exchange of India , making the commercial presence of the medium felt . The South Indian film industry defines the four film cultures of South India as a single entity . They are the Telugu , the Tamil , the Malayalam and the Kannada industries . Although developed independently over a long period , gross exchange of film performers and technicians as well as globalisation helped to shape this new identity . The Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through media such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible . These earnings , accounting for some 12 % of the revenue generated by a mainstream film , contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema , the net worth of which was found to be 1.3 billion in 2000 . Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator with the music rights alone accounting for 4 -- 5 % of the net revenues generated by a film in India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "753b2947764ce2c6c5b10bcf95c1e71a", "text": "World championship A world championship is generally an international sports competition open to elite competitors from across the world , representing their nations , and winning such an event will be considered the highest or near highest achievement in the sport or contest . The title is usually awarded through a combination of specific contests or , less commonly , ranking systems ( e.g. the ICC Test Championship ) , or a combination of the two ( e.g. World Triathlon Championships in Triathlon ) . This determines a ` world champion ' , who or which is commonly considered the best nation , team , individual ( or other entity ) in the world in a particular field , although the vagaries of sport ensure that the competitor recognised at the best in an event is not always the ` world champion ' ( see Underdog ) . Certain sports do not have a world championship . Instead , they may organise a world cup competition , or they may organize both , for example cycling ( UCI World Championships and UCI World Cups ) ) . Often , the use of the term cup or championship in this sense is just a choice of words . Some sports have multiple champions because of multiple organizations , such as boxing , mixed martial arts and wrestling . Certain sports do not have a world championship or a world cup as such , but may have one or several world champions . Professional boxing , for example , has several world champions at different weights , but each one of them is decided by a `` title fight '' , not a tournament . A certain number of sports hold world championships or world cups which are overshadowed , in terms of prestige , by the same events in the Olympic Games , the most prestigious multi-sports event . Still other sports may or may not have a true world championship but may designate the winners of a domestic competition to be `` world champions . '' This is especially true of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada ; world cups and championships exist in all of the major sports , but the domestic U.S. and Canadian leagues are generally recognized as the world professional championships or the equivalent of a world club championship . ( In American football , although an IFAF World Championship exists , the United States is so far above and beyond the other nations it faces that the winner of the U.S.-based Super Bowl , a competition limited to the 32 teams in the National Football League , is commonly recognized as the world champion . ) Finally , certain professional sports do not have a world championship or world cup , but rather hold a series of events recognised as the elite level in their field ( e.g. tennis has a series of four Grand Slam events recognised as the pinnacle of the game , in addition to key team events , world tour finals and the Olympic Games , but no world championship or world cup ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd76783922979bece284ea69bcec947f", "text": "Adult animation Adult animation , adult cartoon , or mature animation is any type of animation work that is mainly targeted towards adults and sometimes also teenagers , acting as a contrast to most animated films and TV series being aimed at children . Works in this genre may be considered adult for any number of reasons . They may be noted for using risqué themes , graphic violence , profane language , sexuality , or dark humor . Works in this genre may explore philosophical , political , or social issues . Some productions are noted for sophisticated and/or experimental storytelling and animation techniques . Before the enforcement of the Hays Code , some cartoon shorts contained humor that was aimed at adult audience members rather than children . Following the introduction of the Motion Picture Association of America film rating system , independent animation producers attempted to establish an alternative to mainstream animation . Initially , few animation studios in the United States attempted to produce animation for adult audiences , but later examples of animation produced for adults would gain mainstream attention and success .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6", "text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01925204c64cd687fd017f88090e0e15", "text": "Clubber Lang James `` Clubber '' Lang is a fictional character created by Sylvester Stallone for the film Rocky III , which was released in 1982 . Lang serves as the main antagonist of the film and was portrayed by Mr. T. Lang is a professional boxer fighting out of Chicago , Illinois and a one-time world heavyweight champion , having taken the title from Rocky Balboa only to lose it back to Balboa in his next fight . The character is very loosely based on a combination of Sonny Liston , Larry Holmes and George Foreman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc40d5f72f292bb680fa4a6cfe66b477", "text": "Clubland Clubland may refer to : St James 's , an area of Westminster in London where many gentlemen 's clubs were located Clubland ( 1999 film ) , an American film by Mary Lambert Clubland ( 2007 film ) , an Australian comedy film Clubland ( band ) , a 1990s house-music group Clubland ( dance brand ) , a UK dance album and events brand Clubland ( compilation series ) , a series of compilation albums Clubland TV , a UK music channel Clubland ( Screenplay ) , an installment , featuring David Morrissey , of the UK satirical anthology TV series Screenplay `` Clubland '' ( song ) , a song by Elvis Costello Clubland , a block of dance-related music videos currently airing late nights on MTV in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8e790c3e3e9c6a35cb12e61b684bd69", "text": "Rocky Rocky is a 1976 American sports drama film directed by John G. Avildsen and both written by and starring Sylvester Stallone . It tells the rags to riches American Dream story of Rocky Balboa , an uneducated but kind-hearted working class Italian-American boxer working in a meat warehouse and as a debt collector for a loan shark in the slums of Philadelphia . Rocky starts out as a small-time club fighter , and later gets a shot at the world heavyweight championship . The film also stars Talia Shire as Adrian , Burt Young as Adrian 's brother Paulie , Burgess Meredith as Rocky 's trainer Mickey Goldmill , and Carl Weathers as the champion , Apollo Creed . The film , made on a budget of just over $ 1 million and shot in 28 days , was a sleeper hit ; it earned $ 225 million in global box office receipts , becoming the highest-grossing film of 1976 , and went on to win three Oscars , including Best Picture . The film received many positive reviews and turned Stallone into a major star . In 2006 , the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' . Rocky is considered to be one of the greatest sports films ever made and was ranked as the second-best in the genre , after Raging Bull , by the American Film Institute in 2008 . The film has spawned six sequels : Rocky II ( 1979 ) , Rocky III ( 1982 ) , Rocky IV ( 1985 ) , Rocky V ( 1990 ) , Rocky Balboa ( 2006 ) and Creed ( 2015 ) . Stallone portrays Rocky in all six sequels , wrote the first five , and directed four ( Avildsen returned to direct Rocky V and Ryan Coogler directed Creed ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e843454bb5c0f7ee1c0e0d78e6c71015", "text": "Kill Bill Kill Bill is an American two-part martial arts film series , and the fourth film overall that was written and directed by Quentin Tarantino . It was originally set to be released as one film , but with a running time of over four hours , it was separated into two films : Kill Bill : Volume 1 , released in late 2003 , and Kill Bill : Volume 2 , released in early 2004 . The original four-hour cut , retitled Kill Bill : The Whole Bloody Affair , was screened at select cinemas in 2011 . Tarantino has discussed the possibility of a third Kill Bill film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b075c576fd6d28482b90bebbf63aa68d", "text": "Club Fed (film) Club Fed is a 1990 comedy film that spoofs the `` Club Fed '' - type of minimum security prisons where wealthy white-collar criminals are often sent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "752b17e55faaa8e62f978482e6eee6f0", "text": "Mortal Kombat Mortal Kombat is a video game franchise originally developed by Midway Games ' Chicago studio in 1992 . Following Midway 's bankruptcy , the Mortal Kombat development team was acquired by Warner Bros. and turned into NetherRealm Studios . Warner Bros. . Interactive Entertainment currently owns the rights of the franchise and rebooted it in 2011 . The development of the first game was originally based on an idea that Ed Boon and John Tobias had of making a video game starring Jean-Claude Van Damme , but as that idea fell through , a fantasy-horror themed fighting game titled Mortal Kombat was created instead . The original game has spawned many sequels and has spun a media franchise consisting of several action-adventure games , films ( animated and live-action with its own sequel ) , and television series ( animated and live-action ) . Other spin-offs include comic book series , a card game and a live-action tour . Along with Capcom 's Street Fighter and Bandai Namco 's Tekken , Mortal Kombat has become one of the most successful fighting franchises in the history of video games . , the franchise had generated $ 5 billion in revenue , making it one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time . The series has a reputation for high levels of bloody violence , including , most notably , its Fatalities ( finishing moves , requiring a sequence of button inputs to perform ) . The Fatalities , in part , led to the creation of the ESRB video game rating system . The series name itself is also known for using the letter `` K '' in place of `` C '' for the hard C sound , thus intentionally misspelling the word `` combat '' , as well as other words with the hard C sound within later games in the series . Early games in the series were also noted for its realistic digitized sprites ( which differentiated it from its contemporaries ' hand-drawn sprites ) and an extensive use of palette swapping to create new characters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "05f445e6570ccd8fd37279781512f04d", "text": "Dream City Film Club Dream City Film Club were a North London rock band founded in July 1995 . Their sound was difficult to categorize in that it encompassed tortured lovelorn balladry , avant-garde flourishes , Tin Pan Alley , straightforward rock and gospel yearnings in both lyrics and subject matter . Ultimately , Dream City Film Club failed to find enough of an audience to sustain them . Vocalist Michael J. Sheehy had been working as a solo singer/songwriter for several years when he met Alex Vald and Laurence Ash , who quickly began writing songs with Sheehy . Upon the demise of another local group , Breed , bassist Andrew Park joined . The band 's name came from a news story Sheehy had seen about an arsonist who had burned down a members-only porno theatre . They played their first gig as Dream City Film Club on 31 July 1995 . They released a single , `` Crawl '' for the underground fanzine , the Organ in early 1996 . Soon after , they were contacted by Beggar 's Banquet and recorded their eponymous debut album in late 1996 , later releasing it on 26 May 1997 . According to Sheehy , the English press reaction to the first single , `` Perfect Piece of Trash '' , was almost unanimous in its derision . After parting with Vald , DCFC continued on as a three piece , recording its second and final album , In the Cold Light of Morning featuring a more expansive sound best realized on the epic `` God Will Punish the Pervert Preacher '' . The group disbanded in 1999 . Michael J. Sheehy subsequently recorded three solo albums for Beggar 's Banquet and two for Glitterhouse , and has fronted Saint Silas Intercession with his brother Patrick . During the early 2000s , Alex Vald worked as half of experimental pop band Datapuddle . In 2015 , Sheehy and Vald reunited as the pop-noir duo United Sound of Joy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "852747ac64d82307a7d6e58b4e363bb7", "text": "List of lost films For this list of lost films , a lost film is defined as one of which no part of a print is known to have survived . For films in which any portion of the footage remains ( including trailers ) , see List of incomplete or partially lost films . Films may go missing for a number of reasons . One major contributing factor is the common use of nitrate film until the early 1950s . This type of film is highly flammable , and there have been several devastating fires , such as the 1937 Fox vault fire , the 1967 MGM vault fire , and the Universal Pictures fire in 1924 . Black-and-white film prints judged to be otherwise worthless were sometimes incinerated to salvage the meager scrap value of the silver image particles in their emulsions . Films have disappeared when production companies went bankrupt . Occasionally , a studio would remake a film and destroy the earlier version . Silent films in particular were once seen as having no further commercial value and were simply junked to clear out expensive storage space . This is necessarily an incomplete list . Martin Scorsese 's Film Foundation claims that `` half of all American films made before 1950 and over 90 % of films made before 1929 are lost forever . '' Deutsche Kinemathek estimates that 80 -- 90 % of silent films are gone ; the film archive 's own list contains over 3500 lost films . A study by the Library of Congress states that 75 % of all silent films are now lost . While others dispute whether the percentage is quite that high , it is impractical to enumerate any but the more notable and those that can be sourced .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e1562e3e2ba348de668f39a050d4889", "text": "Japan Academy Prize for Outstanding Foreign Language Film Every year since its inception , the Japanese Academy has recognized an outstanding foreign film . The year that any given film is nominated is not based on the film 's domestic release date but rather on the date it is released in Japan . As delays of over four months are not uncommon , many films are nominated in Japan the following year after their release to the Japanese market ( i.e. Million Dollar Baby won the American Academy Award for Best Picture for films made in 2004 , but the Japanese award , based on its localized release date , is for 2005 ) . In fact , not one of the five films nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Picture had been released in Japan by February 15 , 2008 , the date of the Japan Academy Prize Ceremony . Although the 2007 recipient of this award , Letters from Iwo Jima , a film almost entirely in Japanese , would not seem to meet the qualification of a `` Foreign Language Film '' , the actual Japanese title of the award , 最優秀外国作品賞 makes no mention of language . It would be more accurately translated as `` Best Foreign Production '' . 2017 - Sully The Martian Zootopia Star Wars : The Force Awakens The Revenant 2016 - American Sniper Kingsman : The Secret Service Mad Max : Fury Road Spectre Whiplash 2015 - Frozen Interstellar Jersey Boys Fury Godzilla 2014 - Les Misérables 3 Idiots Captain Phillips Django Unchained Gravity 2013 - The Intouchables Argo The Dark Knight Rises The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo Skyfall 2012 - The King 's Speech Rise of the Planet of the Apes Moneyball The Social Network Black Swan 2011 - Avatar Inception Toy Story 3 Invictus The Hurt Locker 2010 - Gran Torino Slumdog Millionaire Changeling The Wrestler Red Cliff Part II 2009 - The Dark Knight The Bucket List No Country for Old Men Lust , Caution Red Cliff Part I 2008 - Letters from Iwo Jima Dreamgirls Babel Hairspray The Bourne Ultimatum 2007 - Flags of Our Fathers Crash Hotel Rwanda Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Man 's Chest The Da Vinci Code 2006 - Million Dollar Baby Cinderella Man Charlie and the Chocolate Factory The Phantom of the Opera Star Wars : Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith 2005 - The Last Samurai The Lord of the Rings : The Return of the King Mystic River Seabiscuit Troy 2004 - The Pianist Chicago The Hours The Lord of the Rings : The Two Towers Yeopgijeogin geunyeo 2003 - Monster 's Ball Gangs of New York Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets I Am Sam The Lord of the Rings : The Fellowship of the Ring 2002 - Billy Elliot Artificial Intelligence : AI Chocolat Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone Postmen in the Mountains 2001 - Dancer in the Dark American Beauty Gladiator The Green Mile Swiri 2000 - The Sixth Sense Elizabeth The Matrix Shakespeare in Love La Vita è bella 1999 - L.A. Confidential Armageddon As Good as It Gets Good Will Hunting Saving Private Ryan 1998 - Titanic The English Patient Shine Air Force One Seven Years in Tibet1997 - Il Postino Independence Day Mission : Impossible Se7en 12 Monkeys1996 - The Shawshank Redemption Apollo 13 The Bridges of Madison County Forrest Gump Léon 1995 - Schindler 's List The Piano Pulp Fiction Speed True Lies 1994 - Jurassic Park Cliffhanger The Fugitive Heaven & Earth Unforgiven 1993 - JFK The Lover Basic Instinct The Bodyguard A League of Their Own 1992 - Dances with Wolves Awakenings Nikita The Silence of the Lambs Terminator 2 : Judgment Day 1991 - Field of Dreams Die Hard 2 Ghost Cinema Paradiso Total Recall 1990 - Die Hard Black Rain Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade Major League Rain Man 1989 - The Last Emperor Fatal Attraction Full Metal Jacket Moonstruck Wall Street 1988 - Platoon Hannah and Her Sisters Stand By Me Top Gun The Untouchables 1987 - Back to the Future Aliens A Chorus Line The Color Purple Out of Africa 1986 - Amadeus The Cotton Club The Killing Fields A Passage to India Witness 1985 - Once Upon a Time in America Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom The Natural The Right Stuff Terms of Endearment 1984 - An Officer and a Gentleman The Woman Next DoorFlashdanceGandhiSophie 's Choice1983 - E.T. the Extra-TerrestrialDas BootChariots of FireOn Golden PondRocky III1982 - Die BlechtrommelBeing ThereThe Elephant ManOrdinary PeopleLes Uns et les Autres1981 - Kramer vs. KramerAll That JazzApocalypse NowManhattanTess1980 - The Deer HunterThe Tree of Wooden ClogsBig WednesdayThe ChampThe Travelling Players1979 - Conversation PieceClose Encounters of the Third KindThe Goodbye GirlStar Wars Episode IV : A New HopeThe Turning Point1978 - RockyThe Fire WithinNetworkSlap ShotVoyage of the Damned ''", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f8e3cc49523199e277ee180bd8abaf61", "text": "Big Bang (South Korean band) Big Bang ( Korean : 빅뱅 ) is a South Korean boy band formed by YG Entertainment . Consisting of members G-Dragon , T.O.P , Taeyang , Daesung , and Seungri , the group officially debuted on August 19 , 2006 . Despite initial lukewarm receptions , their breakthrough came with the extended play , Always ( 2007 ) , which yielded the number one song `` Lies '' ( Korean : 거짓말 Revised Romanization : Geojitmal ) . The song went on to top major Korean music charts for a record-breaking seven consecutive weeks , and won Song of the Year at the 9th Mnet Korean Music Festival . Big Bang 's follow-up releases furthered their success and popularity : Hot Issue ( 2007 ) spawned the chart-topping song `` Last Farewell , '' ( Korean : 마지막 인사 Revised Romanization : Majimak Insa ) , while Stand Up ( 2008 ) produced `` Day by Day '' ( Korean : 하루하루 , Revised Romanization : Haru Haru ) . After receiving the Artist of the Year award from the 2008 Mnet Korean Music Festival , the group expanded their endeavors to Japan , releasing both their second Korean studio-album , Remember , and their first Japanese album , Number 1 , in the same year , and consequently winning three awards at the 9th MTV Video Music Awards Japan . They would go on to release four more Japanese studio albums : Big Bang ( 2009 ) , Big Bang 2 ( 2011 ) , and the Japanese-language edition of Alive ( 2012 ) and Made Series ( 2016 ) . Amidst their Japanese promotions , the members branched out to do solo activities : Taeyang and G-Dragon released solo albums , G-Dragon and T.O.P formed a sub-unit , Seungri and Daesung acted in musicals and hosted variety shows , and T.O.P went on to star in various films and television shows . After a two-year hiatus in South Korea , Big Bang reunited in 2011 with their EP Tonight ( 2011 ) . Promotions were cut short when multiple members encountered legal issues . By the end of the year , Big Bang emerged as the inaugural Best Worldwide Act winner at the 2011 MTV Europe Music Awards . Three months after their win in Europe , Big Bang released their most successful physical album , the Korean EP Alive ( 2012 ) , earning their second Artist of the Year Award at the 14th Mnet Asian Music Awards . Alive became the first Korean album to chart on the Billboard 200 , with the group embarking on their first ever world tour that concluded in early 2013 . The critically acclaimed Made ( 2016 ) was preceded by several chart-topping singles , winning the group their third Artist of the Year award at the 17th Mnet Asian Music Awards . Their second world tour in support of the album gathered 1.5 million attendance , making it the largest tour by any Korean act . Labeled as the `` Kings of K-pop '' and the `` Nation 's Boy Band , '' the members ' involvement in composing and producing their own music , most notably G-Dragon , has earned the group respect and praise from the music industry . The quintet has been hailed K-pop icons for their part in spreading the Hallyu Wave around the globe along with their influence in the genre . Big Bang have sold over 140 million records , making them the best-selling digital group of all-time in Asia and one of the best-selling boy bands in the world . They have won numerous awards and set several records , including being the act who spent the most months at number one on the Gaon Chart and the most weeks at number one on Melon , besides being the all-time best-selling artist in Cyworld . Big Bang was the first Korean artist to enter Forbes Magazine '' 's Celebrity 100 and the 30 under 30 most influential musicians in the world lists . Citing their global popularity and contribution to K-pop , The Washington Post '' have described them as `` the biggest band in Asia '' and the Hollywood Reporter as `` the biggest boy band in the world . ''", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "74929c7dca87ecc235d3903c07d8e440", "text": "Show Banga Show Banga is a rapper and songwriter from San Francisco , California . Currently signed to EMPIRE Recordings , he was releasing singles as early as 2011 on HomeTeam Entertainment , and in 2013 he released the deluxe edition of his album Do n't Stop Votin ' . Show Banga 's single `` Milli , '' which was produced by Dave-O of The A-Team , was released in 2014 . According to Rehab Online Magazine , `` Show Banga arguably has one of the most rare -LSB- rap -RSB- flows in the Bay Area , with ' I Been That ' being a contender for the rapper 's breakout cut . However , the bass-packed track ` Milli ' is pretty damn hard . '' In April 2015 , he released Mayor 4 Life on EMPIRE Recordings , with guest artists such as E-40 , Kool John , Sage The Gemini , and P-Lo . Show Banga has performed at festivals such as SXSW , and was on to tour with Iamsu ! in spring 2015 . On August 12 , 2016 , he released his technical sophomore album , Showtime 2 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5622a49335233e1d7134084d2c2b9c2", "text": "Nine Heavens Nine Heavens ( Persian : نه بهشت , Noh behešt ) is the second album of Iranian music group Niyaz , an acoustic electronic project . It was released on June 24 , 2008 on Six Degrees Records . The album is divided into 2 discs . One is the electronic version of the album , while the second disc presents eight of the songs as acoustic versions with the exception of `` Iman '' , which is mostly an electronic/ambient piece and features no acoustic instruments but includes Azam Ali 's vocals . Many of the track titles were revealed on site of the band 's label.Nine Heavens reached # 4 in the Billboard '' Top World Albums chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9bd45e899599a38890ad710121ba5d1a", "text": "The World's Biggest Gang Bang III – The Houston 620 The World 's Biggest Gang Bang III -- The Houston 620 is a 1999 pornographic film directed by Greg Alves . The film is hosted by Ron Jeremy , and stars Houston in a gang bang format . The film won the 2000 AVN Award for being the ` Best Selling Tape '' of 1999 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "10ea0d0e21721f7579cb65a70a50fa6d", "text": "Bang! (band) Bang ! are a British happy hardcore group from the late 1990s originally consisting of producer Nick Arnold , Tom Orton and female vocalist Donna Grassie . Nick Arnold and Tom Orton had previously been a members of the band Smart E 's , who reached 2 in the UK in 1992 with their cover of the theme tune to Sesame Street entitled Sesame 's Treat . After the release of `` Cloudy Daze '' which featured Donna , Tom Orton brought Jo James to the attention of Nick after a contact of Tom 's , Jo 's husband , presented to him a demo of his wife singing . After `` Cloudy Daze '' , Tom left Bang ! to work with other artists including Jack Speed and Kriminal , and Nick and Jo went on to have enormous success with `` Shooting Star '' , and then a whole catalogue of vocal hardcore anthems almost all of which written entirely by Nick . Their underground bouncy singles were regularly featured on the Bonkers compilation series . `` Shooting Star '' was also featured on the first issue of the Dancemania Speed series and later included on the first greatest hits album of the series and the 2003 happyhardcore-focused compilation of the series . Also three remixes of their songs , `` Shooting Star ( Ham 's Mix ) '' , `` Break of Dawn ( Brisk Mix ) '' , `` Cloudy Daze ( Original Bang ! Mix ) '' , were included on the 2001 happy hardcore compilation album Happy Ravers . Nick and Jo were so prolific with their output , that they released under a number of different acts including `` Stealth '' , `` Oblivvion '' and `` Blaze ! '' . Finally , in February 2005 , with a whole collection of new remixes , Bang ! released their debut album , not surprisingly entitled `` Shooting Star '' . Their single Shooting Star was covered by trance act Flip & Fill in 2002 , who took it to number 3 in the UK charts . Jo James eventually quit the band but worked with the aforementioned Flip & Fill on their 2003 single I Wan na Dance With Somebody ; a cover version of the old Whitney Houston track . and Field of Dreams . Bang ! continues to release under the Warped Science label owned by DJ Al Storm and Euphony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18d252a4d8ef0363cd4f8cad20b4fc37", "text": "9 (Alice Nine album) 9 is the fifth studio album by Japanese visual kei rock band Alice Nine . The album was officially released on February 22 , 2012 . 9 was released in two formats : a limited edition with an exclusive DVD and a regular edition . The DVD included with the limited edition of the album features a music video for '' すべてへ '' , as well as a multi-angle version of the music video focusing on one of the five members of the band and a making-of documentary for the music video . The album was preceded by three singles : `` Blue Flame '' , released in August 2011 , and `` Heart of Gold '' , released in September 2011 and finally Niji no Yuki on 21 December 2011 . After the release , the band embarked on four tours of Japan entitled Alice Nine `` Court of ' 9 ' '' # 1-4 . So far they have completed the first two of these tours with relative success in all areas of Japan , managing to sell out in many medium-to-large venues nationwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4ae388aa8ae57e55623b992a9400df4", "text": "Single V A is a type of a DVD single released by artists who are part of the j-pop idol conglomerate Hello ! Project . A Single V contains a music video for the title song plus a few more of its versions plus a making-of .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82ba165cced49775312db965f5e9ec12", "text": "Big Bang Special Event BIGBANG Special Event is a special fan meeting for Big Bang fans , it 's started in 2016 , with 8 shows in Japan and South Korea along side with 0 . TO .10 tour . All the members of Big Bang attended the first leg of the tour , on the second leg T.O.P missed all the shows , due to his two-year mandatory military service in South Korea .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07e159c34f2b397b5cdc986544ef434b", "text": "The Best of Big Bang The Best of Big Bang is the third greatest hits album by the K-pop boy band Big Bang . The album was stated to release in November 23 , 2011 but due to G-Dragon 's scandal , it was postponed to December 14 , 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa5b91eda0ef08f4d73cc096e9b17446", "text": "Risky (album) Risky is the fourth studio album by the Japanese rock duo B ` z. `` Risky '' sold 314,770 copies in its first week and 1,695,900 copies in total . It is the band 's first studio album to break the million mark . Risky was also the first of two collaborations with engineer Jason Corsaro , who has also worked with artists such as Duran Duran , The Power Station and Madonna . The album spawned two singles , `` Easy Come , Easy Go ! '' and `` Itoshii Hitoyo Good Night ... . '' The album also produced the band 's first ( and , to date , only ) official music video collection , Film Risky .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4a63d8cbfeb11bb7c2ca4bccd5e5706", "text": "Monsterifik Monsterifik is the debut solo album , from Big Scoob , an American rapper from Kansas City , Missouri . The studio album was released on September 15 , 2009 . It is the second album to be released on the Strange Music label under the `` Tech N9ne Presents '' banner . The first of which was labelmate Krizz Kaliko 's debut solo album , Vitiligo '' , in 2008 . Three singles were released for the album . `` Bet I Do n't '' featuring B-Legit and Txx Will and `` Big Fella '' were both released on August 18 , 2009 , as digital singles . A music video was filmed for the third single , `` Salue '' featuring Tech N9ne , and the video was released on the Strange Music YouTube page on September 11 , 2009 . The album contained several featured guests . Tech N9ne , whose name was attached to the project as the presenter , was credited as a feature on three of the album 's tracks . Other Strange Music artists , Krizz Kaliko and Kutt Calhoun , also were featured on the album . Skatterman , a former member of the Strange Music label , was also credited with a feature . Bakarri ( as Mr. Whitebear ) and Txx Will , two members of the 57th Street Rogue Dog which Big Scoob is a member of as well , also made appearances on the album . Among the other guests on the album were 8Ball & MJG , B-Legit , Johnny Richter of the Kottonmouth Kings , 1 Ton of Potluck and Irv Da Phenom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "963e0c5d6e77dff0a410809fe19d618d", "text": "ZYX (pop group) was a short-lived Japanese pop group made up of five Hello ! Project Kids members led by Mari Yaguchi of Morning Musume . Yaguchi acted as a mentor and the group released two singles . ZYX is important in that it is the first unit that Hello ! Project Kids officially joined with the second being Aa ! formed in 2003 , the third being Berryz Kobo in 2004 , and the fourth being Cute in 2005 . As Saki Shimizu and Momoko Tsugunaga were selected to become members of Berryz Kobo in 2004 , the activity of ZYX ended .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce407cc72c07a729e9c7fecc53b2e3e8", "text": "Last Farewell (Big Bang song) `` Last Farewell '' ( Korean : 마지막 인사 Revised Romanization : Majimak Insa ) is a song by South Korean boy band Big Bang . It was released through YG Entertainment on November 22 , 2007 as the lead single from the quintet 's second extended play Hot Issue . The song was written by G-Dragon and composed by the member and Brave Brothers . Mirroring the success of the group 's preceding single `` Lies , '' the song went on to become a chart topper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4bfa8e3def19b39a48733449dc650fc4", "text": "Big Ones Big Ones is one of the many compilation albums by the American rock band Aerosmith , released on November 1 , 1994 by Geffen Records ( see 1994 in music ) . Big Ones featured twelve hits from the band 's three consecutive multi-platinum albums , Permanent Vacation ( 1987 ) , Pump ( 1989 ) , and Get a Grip ( 1993 ) , as well as the hit `` Deuces are Wild '' from The Beavis and Butt-Head Experience ( 1993 ) , and two new songs , `` Blind Man '' and `` Walk on Water '' , which were recorded during a break in the band 's Get a Grip Tour . These songs were also included on the band 's 2001 compilation album Young Lust : The Aerosmith Anthology . Big Ones is the band 's second bestselling compilation album , reaching # 6 on the Billboard charts , and selling four million copies in the United States alone . The album quickly became a worldwide hit reaching the Top 10 in nine countries before the end of the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "069691aced4b540f7789ebfff3da85ca", "text": "The Biggest Bang The Biggest Bang is a four-disc concert DVD collection released by the Rolling Stones . The collection documents several shows from the band 's 2005 -- 2006 legs of the A Bigger Bang Tour . The DVD debuted at # 1 on Billboard 's music video chart selling 20,422 copies during the first week and has sold almost 48,000 copies to date ( 14 September 2007 ) . It was certified 7x multi-platinum in U.S for shipments of 175,000 sets . It was re-released on Blu-ray on 16 June 2009 , with only the concert of Austin and his documentary , Salt of the Earth the tour documentary , the excerpt of the Saitama concert .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "754f814c7927730c50f00b3b59058634", "text": "To the Loveless To the Loveless is the seventh studio album by Japanese electronica/rock duo Boom Boom Satellites , their first full original album release since 2007 . It is sold as both a regular CD version and a limited edition containing a DVD with the music videos for `` Back on My Feet '' and `` Drain '' , a short documentary on the release of `` Back on My Feet '' , and a live performance at Shibuya O-East . It was released on May 26 , 2010 . `` Back On My Feet '' was used as an alternate opening theme for Xam 'd : Lost Memories ; `` Stay '' is used in Japanese commercials for the Sony BRAVIA that feature footballer Atsuto Uchida .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6fca95d818addc5fda54f62f74e1c14a", "text": "The Big Bang Theory (season 2) The second season of the American sitcom The Big Bang Theory was originally aired on CBS from September 22 , 2008 , to May 11 , 2009 , over 23 episodes . The Complete Season DVD was released September 15 , 2009 , and a Blu-ray version was reissued on July 10 , 2012 , with remastered surround sound audio , whereas the DVD version only had stereo . Season two starts immediately after the end of season one with Leonard and Penny 's date . Jim Parsons submitted the episode `` The Bath Item Gift Hypothesis '' for consideration due to his nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards . In 2009 , TV Guide ranked the episode the # 60 on its list of the 100 Greatest Episodes . Christine Baranski submitted the episode `` The Maternal Capacitance '' for consideration due to her nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e30f99a4f18ccdd200be59cbd16059a1", "text": "Alone (B'z song) Alone is the ninth single by B ` z , released on October 10 , 1991 . This song is one of B ' z many number-one singles in Oricon chart . The single was re-released in 2003 , and re-entered at # 8 . It sold over 1,127,000 copies according to Oricon . It was used as the drama Hotel Woman 's theme song . The song was the 10th best selling single of 1991 and the 56th best selling single of 1992 , making their only single to chart for two years in the yearly charts . In 2011 , the song was certified digitally by the RIAJ as a gold single for being downloaded more than 100,000 times to cellphones since its release as a digital download in early 2005 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a6584ff9510fc90eeb6acdbd4d74be69", "text": "The Big Bang Theory (season 8) The eighth season of the American sitcom The Big Bang Theory first aired on CBS with a one-hour premiere on Monday , September 22 , 2014 . It returned to its previous Thursday time slot on October 30 for the season 's seventh episode . It concluded on May 7 , 2015 . On March 12 , 2014 , The Big Bang Theory was renewed for an additional three years , extending it through the 2016 -- 17 season for a total of ten seasons . Mayim Bialik submitted the episode `` The Prom Equivalency '' for consideration due to her nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series at the 67th Primetime Emmy Awards . Christine Baranski submitted the episode `` The Maternal Combustion '' for consideration due to her nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series at the 67th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "118d5f432ec8fba0394cb44e078b7810", "text": "Go-Bang's The Go-Bang 's were a three-piece Japanese girl band active in the late 1980s and early 1990s . They broke up in 1994 , and since then , Kaori Moriwaka ( singer/songwriter ) has become a solo singer/songwriter/producer / actress , while Mitsuko Saito ( drums ) and Misa Tanishima ( bass guitar ) have dropped beneath the radar , though apparently Saito has been seen drumming for a few other bands , fashion-modeling and played a drummer as an extra in the music video of J-pop singer Namie Amuro 's Please Smile Again . Initially a four-piece band , Go-Bang 's lost their guitarist early on , becoming popular after she left the band . At the peak of their career , the album `` Greatest Venus '' went straight to the top of Oricon 's Japanese album chart and stayed there for two consecutive weeks . They had a somewhat unusual sound , being a punk-influenced bubblegum pop band , and lacking a lead guitarist -- though this was n't always the case -- on the album Samantha , for example , the Go-Bang 's worked with the King Gang 's , a three-piece all-male band , who complemented their line up with the addition of electric guitars and keyboard . The album Samantha was mixed down by Michael Haas , who was a recording engineer for British techno/house band 808 State , at Revolution Studio in Manchester , England . Also , the album 's title song `` Samansa '' was reproduced as an English language song and remixed by John Waddel from Rhythm King Productions , who produced British pop singer/rap artist Betty Boo . This remix version of the song was released as one of the songs on their remix mini album `` Darrin . '' Making cheerful , bouncy music , with a slight punk edge , the Go-Bang 's made an impact on the Japanese charts for a short while , but gradually faded into the background , and disappeared almost completely from the public conscious following their breakup . However , some bands , such as the Titan Go-Kings , have referred to them as influences on their music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f8253397a1abc65251a7698f8af1cf8", "text": "2011 MuchMusic Video Awards The 2011 MuchMusic Video Awards was held in Toronto , Ontario , Canada at MuchMusic 's headquarters on June 19 , 2011 . The awards were aired on MuchMusic , CP24 , E! , MuchHD and Fuse . Along with the MuchMusic VJ 's , it was confirmed on the MuchMusic website that Selena Gomez will host the show . Lady Gaga and Justin Bieber tied for the most awards won with 2 each .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a9a1260580216496f72436ee34cb9ed8", "text": "Blackhat (film) Blackhat is a 2015 American action thriller mystery film co-written , co-produced and directed by Michael Mann . The film stars Chris Hemsworth , Tang Wei , Viola Davis , Holt McCallany , and Wang Leehom . The film premiered at the TCL Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles on January 8 , 2015 , and was released in theaters on January 16 . Blackhat was a box office bomb , earning only $ 19.7 million at the box office against a budget of $ 70 million . While the movie received generally mixed-to-negative reviews , with criticisms focused on casting and pace , some critics found brilliance in the film , enough to place the film in some critics ' year-end lists .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "5f4b5cb4ea27afc271b7e11bc6d905da", "text": "Carbon black Carbon black ( subtypes are acetylene black , channel black , furnace black , lamp black and thermal black ) is a material produced by the incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products such as FCC tar , coal tar , ethylene cracking tar , and a small amount from vegetable oil . Carbon black is a form of paracrystalline carbon that has a high surface-area-to-volume ratio , albeit lower than that of activated carbon . It is dissimilar to soot in its much higher surface-area-to-volume ratio and significantly lower ( negligible and non-bioavailable ) PAH ( polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ) content . However , carbon black is widely used as a model compound for diesel soot for diesel oxidation experiments . Carbon black is mainly used as a reinforcing filler in tires and other rubber products . In plastics , paints , and inks carbon black is used as a color pigment . The current International Agency for Research on Cancer ( IARC ) evaluation is that , `` Carbon black is possibly carcinogenic to humans ( Group 2B ) '' . Short-term exposure to high concentrations of carbon black dust may produce discomfort to the upper respiratory tract , through mechanical irritation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d73bc9ad5a8be535ebec8ccc1be5e33d", "text": "Gao Style Baguazhang Gao Style Baguazhang is the style of Baguazhang descended from Gao Yisheng , a student of Cheng Tinghua , who founded one of the two main branches of Baguazhang . Gao is alternatively said to have originally studied with Song Changrong or Yin Fu , later ( or alternatively previously ) studying with one of Cheng 's students , Zhou Yuxiang , . Gao style is one of the most widely practiced Baguazhang styles in the West ; there are also many practitioners in Tianjin and Taiwan . It has many variations held within various lineages , some which are given below : Dong Haichuan Cheng Tinghua Zhou Yuxiang Gao Yisheng Wu Jinyuan Wu Huaishan Wu Guozheng Liu Fengcai Wang Shusheng Liu Shuhang Chen Baozhen Han Fangrui He Kecai ( Cantonese : Ho Ho Choi ) Cheung Sing Tang ( C. S. Tang ) Zhang Junfeng Hong Yixiang Luo Dexiu Su Dongchen Hong Yiwen Hong Yimien Allen Pittman Wu Mengxia Wu Min ` an Bi Tianzuo Bi Motang Bi Tianzuo The Gao style system is referred to as the Gao Yisheng branch of the Cheng Tinghua system of Baguazhang . Essentially , Gao Style Bagua is a unique subsystem . The Gao style system , because of Gao 's own martial progression over time , can be found to have a number of different permutations , represented in these various lingages . All are valid examples of Gao style Bagua because they all represent Gao Yisheng 's progression as a martial artist . Gao was refining and creating sets until he died . He changed his straight line , pre-heaven and weapons sets more than once in his life but at its core it is a complete Baguazhang system . Gao style explicitly divides training into two categories : pre-heaven and post-heaven . Pre-heaven training includes walking the circle and practicing changing palms on the circle ; this material is similar to that found in the other Cheng styles . Post-heaven training consists of 64 linear palms is said by Gao Yisheng to be passed down by a man known as Song Yiren ( i.e. , Song Yiren , or `` person who gives arts '' ) ; these palms are unique to the Gao system . Many Gao style practitioners can be found in Tianjin ( lineage of Liu Fengcai and others ) , Taiwan ( lineage of Zhang Junfeng ) , and Hong Kong ( lineage of He Kecai ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9033eedf1cd94fcc7f05df2a6640fed", "text": "Black Man Ray `` Black Man Ray '' is a song by China Crisis . Released as the first single from their 1985 album Flaunt the Imperfection , it is one of the band 's most successful singles . It spent 13 weeks on the UK Singles Chart and peaked at number 14 in April 1985 . It was also the band 's biggest hit single in Australia , reaching number 30 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3721d7b2708f7e052312611427c36063", "text": "Shangri-La (Wang Leehom album) Shangri-La was an of Taiwanese-American R&B artist , Leehom Wang . It was released on 31 December 2004 by Sony Music Taiwan . In this album , Wang incorporated the often unheard music of the Chinese ethnic minorities and therefore began the first chapter of `` chinked-out '' , a term he coined together to represent the ties between Chinese and Western music . He experimented with the tribal sounds of Taiwan , Tibet , and Mongolia , traveling the area carrying 15 kg of equipment while fighting bouts of altitude and food sickness .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9349c471e6dda2377fe1ae6a29fbd47", "text": "Guns and Kidneys Guns and Kidneys is an upcoming Chinese black comedy film directed by Zhang Meng , and stars Wang Qianyuan , Huang Jingyu , Ivy Chen , Zhang Liang , and Zhang Lanxin . The film will be the first of its kind to introduce the combination of black humor with zombie elements into the Chinese film market . This Film will be expected to release on 1 November 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8d8bd8ea47b3a551da7321b96d3e440", "text": "Big Willie Style Big Willie Style is the debut solo studio album by American rapper Will Smith . It was released on November 25 , 1997 , by Columbia Records . Recording sessions took place from 1996 to 1997 , with a range of several record producers that Will was working with such as Poke & Tone and his former collaborator DJ Jazzy Jeff on the album . The album reached the top ten on both the US Billboard 200 and the UK Albums Chart , and later became a certified multi-platinum in a number of regions and countries . The album was supported by five singles : `` Men in Black '' , `` Just Cruisin ' '' , `` Gettin ' Jiggy wit It '' , `` Just the Two of Us '' and `` Miami '' . After releasing five albums as part of the duo DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince , Smith turned his focus to acting , starring in films such as Bad Boys and Independence Day . During the same period he recorded his first solo album , including the single `` Men in Black '' , which is the theme song to the film of the same name , which topped singles charts in a number of countries . Big Willie Style went on to become Smith 's most commercially successful album , earning him a number of music awards and nominations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76bd76d5e4085b42fe0f5b78c37caa19", "text": "Wang Lun Wang Lun ( died November 1 , 1774 ) was the leader of the White Lotus sect in Shandong province , China in the 1770s . He preached a millenarian philosophy , emphasizing the imminent coming of the Buddha Maitreya . A martial arts master and self-taught physician , Wang taught his followers yoga , meditation , and the ability to fast for very long periods by drinking purified water . His group became known as the `` Pure Water Sect '' , and by 1774 numbered several thousand . Having told the sect that he was the reincarnation of Maitreya and was destined to become Emperor of China , he mobilized his followers and marched on the city of Shouzhang on October 3 , 1774 . With the help of confederates inside the city gates , the rebels quickly seized the city and ransacked the treasury and granary . They held the city for a few days only , before abandoning it to attack the city of Yangku . Yangku was easily captured , as the local garrison was marching to relieve Shouzhang , which the local authorities believed was still in rebel hands . The rebels then moved on to capture the towns of Tangyi and then Liulin with ease , and from there they marched on to Linqing , a large and strategically important city . Before reaching Linqing , Wang Lun 's rebels defeated Qing dynasty troops at every engagement , and rumor spread that the rebels practiced invulnerability magic . Many city officials of Linqing fled in terror before the White Lotus rebels arrived at the city on October 11 . Over the next few weeks , Wang Lun 's forces besieged the city , but the Qing defenses commanded by Qin Zhenjun effectively resisted the attack . Eyewitnesses reported that rebel troops fought fiercely even when there seemed to be no hope . Wang Lun 's young concubine Wu Sannian reportedly held off Qing soldiers for hours singlehandedly before being overcome and killed . By October 31 , Wang was surrounded . Determined not to be captured alive , he set fire to the tower in which he was trapped . His burned body were identified by his sword and bracelets . In fiction , Wang 's life is narrated in Alfred Döblin 's 1916 historical novel , The Three Leaps of Wang Lun .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2eb6c4391d6099a4480c69d005447066", "text": "Kung Fu Panda 2 Kung Fu Panda 2 is a 2011 3D American computer-animated comedy-drama martial arts film , directed by Jennifer Yuh Nelson , produced by DreamWorks Animation , and distributed by Paramount Pictures . It is the sequel to the 2008 film Kung Fu Panda and the second installment in the Kung Fu Panda franchise . Jack Black , Angelina Jolie , Dustin Hoffman , Seth Rogen , Lucy Liu , David Cross , James Hong , and Jackie Chan reprise their character roles from the original film . They are joined by Gary Oldman , Michelle Yeoh and Danny McBride . In the film , Po and the Furious Five battle an evil peacock named Lord Shen who has a powerful weapon that he plans to conquer China with . However Po discovers a terrifying secret about his past in the process . The film was released in theatres May 26 , 2011 in Real D 3D and Digital 3D . Kung Fu Panda 2 grossed $ 665 million worldwide against its $ 150 million budget . The film was the highest-grossing animated feature film of the year and was nominated for the 2011 Academy Award for Best Animated Feature at the 84th Academy Awards . A sequel , titled Kung Fu Panda 3 , and directed by Jennifer Yuh Nelson and Alessandro Carloni , was released on January 29 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b1850eb615a8c84ee35d2ac0ae91cab", "text": "Unbelievable (Wang Leehom album) Unbelievable is the 9th album of the Taiwanese R&B artist and composer , Leehom Wang , and was released on October 15 , 2003 . The album was awarded one of the Top 10 Selling Mandarin Albums of the Year at the 2004 IFPI Hong Kong Album Sales Awards , presented by the Hong Kong branch of IFPI .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6393379a161af4a8f2076fb292bb034f", "text": "Black (2015 Indian film) Black is an Indo-Bangla Bengali crime action film directed by Raja Chanda , and stars Soham Chakraborty and Bidya Sinha Mim in lead roles . The film was jointly produced by Viacom 18 Motion Pictures and Dag Creative Media and was released on 27 November 2015 . The film revolves around a man named , Biltu , who takes vengeance to those who framed his father ( a police officer ) with false charges and as a result the latter commits suicide to get rid of this humiliation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81b062da02abb7143a8918828c36bbcd", "text": "Wang Youcai Wang Youcai ( born June 29 , 1966 ) , an active dissident of the Chinese Government , was one of the supporters of democracy in China and an important student leader in the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 . Then a graduate student at the Peking University , he was arrested in 1989 and sentenced to four years in 1991 for `` conspiring to overthrow the Government of China '' . He was released early , in November 1991 , due to the help of former U.S. Secretary of State James Baker , who visited Beijing in 1991 . In June 25 , 1998 , he and his colleagues organized the China Democracy Party , which was subsequently banned by the Chinese government . In December 1998 the Chinese government sentenced him to 11 years in prison for subversion . He was released from prison and exiled in 2004 under international political pressure , especially from the United States . Wang was a visiting scholar at Fairbank Center at Harvard University for one year , and completed his master 's degree at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 2006 . He is one of the members of the Chinese Constitutional Democratic Transition Research and one of the members of the Coordinative Service Platform of China Democracy Party . On July 15 , 2009 , he became co-advisor of Overseas Supporters ' Association of the China Democracy Party , and later became co-executive associate for Committee of Exiled members of the China Democracy Party on October 10 , 2009 . He did his Ph.D. research on quark transversity at National Jefferson Laboratory in Newport News , Virginia from June 2007 to June 2010 . He was awarded a Ph.D. degree in physics at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 2011 . He worked at American Express in New York from February 2011 to January 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "edf8ee43f0c8b785c4beed7b1557ef21", "text": "Blackhats Blackhats is an upcoming action film , directed by Laron Austin and produced by Eddie Singleton , Martin Kelley , Bennie Swint and Errol Sadler . The screenplay was written by Eddie Singleton and Martin Kelley .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40914657c865e0884464a91fcda3b7f1", "text": "Black Like Who? Black Like Who ? is Rinaldo Walcott 's first book . It was published in 1997 by Insomniac Press in Toronto . This book came out of Walcott 's PhD research which focused on rap music and culture . The essays in Black Like Who ? demonstrate Walcott 's expanded interest concerning the theorizing of Black Canada more generally . The titles of essays included in this compilation will indicate the breadth of Walcott 's scholarly engagement with themes related to the Black Canadian experiences and expressions : Introduction : Writing Blackness After ... `` Going to the North '' : The Limit of Black Diasporic Discourse ( s ) `` A Tough Geography '' : Towards a Poetics of Black Space ( s ) in Canada The Politics of Third Cinema in Canada : Reading the Narrative of Clement Virgo 's Rude `` Keep on Movin ' '' : Rap , Black Atlantic Identities and the Problem of Nation `` No Language is Neutral '' : The Politics of Performativity in M. Nourbese Philip 's and Dionne Brand 's Poetry Black Subjectivities : Ethnicity , Race and the Politics of Film in Canada Scattered Speculations on Canadian Blackness ; Or , Grammar for Black Several of these essays have been published or republished in other sources .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0da1b85495ef97419cd7e95f22a1c043", "text": "Bałwan Bałwan pl , balvan / балван sr ( literally wood block ) or balvan ky -- today , literally indistinguishable from everyday word for snowman , is an ancient word common to all Slavic languages , describing a statuesque or monolithic depiction or a pillar or a plinth depicting or erected in honor of a deity . This object was worshipped , or constituted a tangible representation of a cult image . The Western Slavs transcribed and pronounced the word as bałwan ( in American English pronounced : BOW as in the phrase bow-wow and von as in Stratford-Upon-Avon , with the accent on the penultimate ( in this case , the first ) syllable , as is the typical stress ) , which is its contemporary and old Polish lexical manifestation , whereas the Southern Slavs and the Eastern Slavs used the just slightly differently-voweled bołwan ( English pronunciation : BOH-van ) . The word itself has Sanskrit origins , where it figures as bala ( the force ) appended witth the suffix - van signifying possession of an attribute , thus etymologically bałwan means strong , powerful , mighty . In the Kyrgyz language of Central Asia , geographically remote from the territories Slavs are today identified with in Europe , balvan is a `` strongman '' or a hero , whereas in Persian , pahlevān denotes a militant or a veteran , as well as the plinth or boundary marker erected in his or her honor , or even a cairn , and , by extension , a fool . That latter meaning , at first secondary , became primary after Christianity was imposed on the Slavs , making bałwan acquire a distinctly pejorative primary meaning . Some suggest that the Slavs share throughout their idioms such as they have evolved apart this single entity -- a common term for all cult objects in the form of a statue or cairn -- might suggest that idolatry spread early among the Slavic peoples , perhaps when they came in contact with Turkic peoples or Iranian . A word with similar etymology is the Slavic word for God ( when capitalized ) or deity , bóg , a cognate of Sanskrit `` bhaga '' / Iranian or Persian bag . In India the concept of a deity or god is often relayed with the word bhagvan , variously transcribed as bhagwan . A derived term from bałwan is the Slavic word for idolatry : bałwochwalstwo '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34c6e346f37a655eadc56b51dcc64ecc", "text": "Asian South Africans The majority of Asian South Africans are of Indian origin , most of whom are descended from indentured workers transported to work in the 19th century on the sugar plantations of the eastern coastal area , then known as Natal . They are largely English speaking , although many also retain the languages of their ancestors . There is also a significant group of Chinese South Africans ( approximately 300,000 individuals ) , of whom the great majority are recent immigrants of the last two decades . In total the 1.2 million Asians in South Africa represent about two percent of the nation 's population . Most are of Indian or South Asian origin , although there is also a rapidly increasing number of people of Chinese , who were sometimes classified as Coloured ( mixed race ) , `` Other '' , or at least partially as `` White '' under Apartheid ) . Traditionally , the group does not include the `` Cape Malays '' , who were descended ( at least in part ) from South East Asians , who were classified as `` Coloured '' under apartheid . The term Indian is far more commonly used than Asian in South Africa , although examples of both usages can be found .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "79f4abb01c54be173902832f68dcdcf4", "text": "The Unseeable The Unseeable ( เปนชู้กับผี ; literally `` Committing Adultery with Ghost '' ) is a 2006 Thai horror film directed by Wisit Sasanatieng . This is the first film of another writer 's screenplay by the director . The writer is Kongkiat Khomsiri , one of the `` Ronin Team '' credited with directing the 2005 Thai horror film Art of the Devil 2 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f473c702189bf20dee62a2fb64e90490", "text": "Black light theatre Black Light Theatre ( in Czech černé divadlo ) or simply Black Theatre , is a theatrical performance style characterized by the use of black box theatre augmented by black light illusion . This form of theatre originated from Asia and can be found in many places around the world . It has become a speciality of Prague , where many theatres use it . The distinctive characteristics of `` black theatre '' are the use of black curtains , a darkened stage , and `` black lighting '' ( UV light ) , paired with fluorescent costumes in order to create intricate visual illusions . This `` black cabinet '' technique was used by Georges Méliès , and by theatre revolutionary Konstantin Stanislavski ( especially in his production of Cain ) . The technique , paired with the expressive artistry of dance , mime and acrobatics of the performers is able to create remarkable spectacles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0faaff35964c6446434d97cffee4625", "text": "Lady Vengeance Lady Vengeance ( ; lit . `` Kind-hearted Geum-ja '' ; Korean English title : Sympathy for Lady Vengeance ) is a 2005 South Korean psychological thriller film by director Park Chan-wook . The film is the third installment in Park 's The Vengeance Trilogy , following Sympathy for Mr. Vengeance ( 2002 ) and Oldboy ( 2003 ) . It stars Lee Young-ae as Lee Geum-ja , a woman released from prison after serving the sentence for a murder she did not commit . The film tells her story of revenge against the real murderer . The film debuted on 29 July 2005 in South Korea , and competed for the Golden Lion at the 62nd Venice International Film Festival in September 2005 . While it failed to win in competition , it did walk away with Cinema of The Future , the Young Lion Award , and the Best Innovated Film Award in the non-competition section . It won the award for Best Film at the 26th Blue Dragon Film Awards . The film had its U.S. premiere on 30 September 2005 at the New York Film Festival . It began its limited release in North American theatres on 5 May 2006 , to favorable reviews from critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1e70aedc07ce328363e84d40d8cc2dd", "text": "Persecution of Falun Gong The persecution of Falun Gong refers to the campaign initiated in 1999 by the Chinese Communist Party to eliminate the spiritual practice of Falun Gong in China . It is characterized by a multifaceted propaganda campaign , a program of enforced ideological conversion and re-education , and a variety of extralegal coercive measures such as arbitrary arrests , forced labor , and physical torture , sometimes resulting in death . Falun Gong is a qigong discipline combining slow-moving exercises and meditation with a moral philosophy centered on the tenets of truthfulness , compassion and tolerance . It was founded by Li Hongzhi , who introduced it to the public in May 1992 in Changchun , Jilin . Following a period of rapid growth in the 1990s , the Communist Party launched a campaign to `` eradicate '' Falun Gong on 20 July 1999 . An extra-constitutional body called the 6-10 Office was created to lead the persecution of Falun Gong . The authorities mobilized the state media apparatus , judiciary , police , army , the education system , families , and workplaces against the group . The campaign was driven by large-scale propaganda through television , newspaper , radio and internet . There are reports of systematic torture , illegal imprisonment , forced labor , organ harvesting and abusive psychiatric measures , with the apparent aim of forcing practitioners to recant their belief in Falun Gong . Foreign observers estimate that hundreds of thousands and perhaps millions of Falun Gong practitioners have been detained in `` re-education through labor '' camps , prisons , and other detention facilities for refusing to renounce the spiritual practice . Former prisoners have reported that Falun Gong practitioners consistently received `` the longest sentences and worst treatment '' in labor camps , and in some facilities Falun Gong practitioners formed the substantial majority of detainees . As of 2009 at least 2,000 Falun Gong practitioners had been tortured to death in the persecution campaign . Some international observers and judicial authorities have described the campaign against Falun Gong as a genocide . In 2009 , courts in Spain and Argentina indicted senior Chinese officials for genocide and crimes against humanity for their role in orchestrating the suppression of Falun Gong . In 2006 , allegations emerged that a large number of Falun Gong practitioners had been killed to supply China 's organ transplant industry . An initial investigation found that `` the source of 41,500 transplants for the six year period 2000 to 2005 is unexplained '' and concluded that `` there has been and continues today to be large scale organ seizures from unwilling Falun Gong practitioners '' . Ethan Gutmann estimates 65,000 Falun Gong practitioners were killed for their organs from 2000 to 2008 . Following additional analysis , the researchers significantly raised the estimates on the number of Falun Gong practitioners who may have been targeted for organ harvesting . In 2008 United Nations Special Rapporteurs reiterated their requests for `` the Chinese government to fully explain the allegation of taking vital organs from Falun Gong practitioners and the source of organs for the sudden increase in organ transplants that has been going on in China since the year 2000 '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3afd134115213ad0846d28bd5966842d", "text": "Black Rodeo Black Rodeo is a 1972 documentary by filmmaker Jeff Kanew .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "2f5c6b8fe8a95205e243367b2fe221cf", "text": "Tom Hiddleston Thomas William Hiddleston ( born 9 February 1981 ) is an English actor , producer and musical performer . At the beginning of his career , he appeared in West End theatre productions of Cymbeline ( 2007 ) and Ivanov ( 2008 ) . He won the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Newcomer in a Play for his role in Cymbeline and was also nominated for the same award for his role as Cassio in Othello . He came to wider public attention when cast as Loki in the Marvel Cinematic Universe , appearing in Thor ( 2011 ) , The Avengers ( 2012 ) , Thor : The Dark World ( 2013 ) , and Thor : Ragnarok ( 2017 ) . In 2011 , he won the Empire Award for Best Male Newcomer and was nominated for the BAFTA Rising Star Award . Hiddleston has also appeared in Steven Spielberg 's War Horse ( 2011 ) , The Deep Blue Sea ( 2011 ) , Woody Allen 's romantic comedy Midnight in Paris ( 2011 ) , the 2012 BBC series Henry IV and Henry V , and the romantic vampire film Only Lovers Left Alive ( 2013 ) . In late 2013 and early 2014 , Hiddleston starred as the title character in the Donmar Warehouse production of Coriolanus , winning the Evening Standard Theatre Award for Best Actor . In 2015 , he starred in Guillermo del Toro 's Crimson Peak , Ben Wheatley 's High Rise , and played the troubled country music singer Hank Williams in the biopic I Saw The Light . In 2016 , he starred in and was an executive producer of the AMC / BBC limited series The Night Manager , for which he received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series or Movie and Outstanding Limited Series , and won his first Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Miniseries or Television Film .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "eee975b6eeab2fe09740351bc9adc9c3", "text": "Lincolnshire Day Lincolnshire Day is celebrated every year on 1 October and marks the anniversary of the Lincolnshire Rising , a revolt by Catholics against the establishment of the Church of England by Henry VIII in 1536 . The first official Lincolnshire Day was held in 2006 to commemorate the uprising . The date was voted for by readers of Lincolnshire Life magazine and BBC Radio Lincolnshire listeners . The day aims to encourage local people , often known as yellowbellies , and those who have moved from the county to honour the historical event along with Lincolnshire 's traditions , past and culture . Some people dress up in yellow to celebrate the day , while others hold local events and decorate their workplaces with Lincolnshire flags . The home of Lincolnshire sausages , Batemans Brewery and Lincolnshire Poacher cheese to name a few , Lincolnshire remains a rural county renowned for its foods and drinks distributed locally and across the UK . It is also home to the famous Red Arrows RAF display team , Lincoln Cathedral , the Lincolnshire Wolds and original copies of the Magna Carta ( 1215 ) and Charter of the Forest ( 1217 ) , the only place to hold copies of both . Many famous people have come from the county , including Sir Isaac Newton -- scientist , Alfred Lord Tennyson - Poet Laureate , Baroness Thatcher -- Prime Minister , Matthew Flinders -- explorer , Joseph Banks -- explorer and botanist , George Boole -- mathematician , Tony Jacklin CBE -- golfer , Dame Joan Plowright -- actress and Jim Broadbent -- actor . Lincolnshire Day is supported by county businesses and organisations including BBC Lincolnshire , Lincolnshire Co-operative , The Lincolnite , Lincolnshire Business , the Lincolnshire Echo , Lincolnshire Tourism , Lincoln Cathedral , Lincolnshire Life , Lincoln BIG , Tastes of Lincolnshire , Lincolnshire County Council , Shooting Star PR , POP Design , and the Lincolnshire Sports Partnership .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "279b10a100e44bf8bd4b835b271889e5", "text": "The Fourth World War The Fourth World War is a 2003 feature film directed by Richard Rowley .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9115f848bafc9464b16dc6c7b86fa11a", "text": "Henry V Henry V may refer to : In people : Henry V , Holy Roman Emperor ( 1081 -- 1125 ) Henry V , Count Palatine of the Rhine ( 1173 -- 1227 ) Henry V , Count of Luxembourg ( 1216 -- 1281 ) Henry V , Duke of Legnica ( c. 1248 -- 1296 ) Henry V of Iron ( c. 1319 -- after 1369 ) , Duke of Żagań , half-Głogów and half-Ścinawa Henry V of England ( 1387 -- 1422 ) Henry V , Duke of Mecklenburg ( 1479 -- 1552 ) Henri , comte de Chambord , nominally Henry V of France , ( 1820 -- 1883 ) Henry V , Count of Gorizia , Count of Gorizia from the Meinhardiner dynasty In arts : Henry V ( play ) , one of the Shakespearean histories , based on the life of King Henry V of England Henry V ( 1944 film ) , a film adaptation of Shakespeare 's play , directed by Laurence Olivier The Life of Henry the Fift ( 1979 film ) , a BBC adaptation of Shakespeare 's play , directed by David Giles Henry V ( 1989 film ) , a film adaptation of Shakespeare 's play , directed by Kenneth Branagh Henry V ( 2012 film ) , a BBC adaptation of Shakespeare 's play , directed by Thea Sharrock In business : Henry V Events , a communications company", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2968b8130f7c22a17d786f20110b5b23", "text": "Kemble family Kemble is the name of a family of English actors , who reigned over the British stage for decades . The most famous were Sarah Siddons ( 1755-1831 ) and her brother John Philip Kemble ( 1757-1823 ) , the two eldest of the twelve children of Roger Kemble ( 1721-1802 ) , a strolling player and manager of the Warwickshire Company of Comedians , who in 1753 married an actress , Sarah Ward . Roger Kemble was born in Hereford , and was a grand-nephew of Father John Kemble , a recusant Catholic priest , who was hanged in that city in 1679 . Three younger children of Roger , Stephen Kemble ( 1758-1822 ) , Charles Kemble ( 1775-1854 ) , and Elizabeth Whitlock ( 1761-1836 ) , were also actors , while Ann Hatton was a novelist . In George Henry Harlow 's famous painting The Court for the Trial of Queen Katharine he depicted many of the Kemble family members . The subject of the painting comes from Henry VIII , Act II , Scene iv , and the refutation of Cardinal Wolsey , charged with obtaining Henry 's divorce from his Queen , Katherine . The production was mounted by John Philip Kemble when he took over the management of Covent Garden in 1806 . Harlow was a personal friend of the Kemble family and this picture is homage to his friends . John Philip Kemble clothed in scarlet plays Wolsey ; his brother Charles Kemble ( in black ) has the part of Thomas Cromwell and sits behind the table . Immediately behind and above him is Stephen Kemble as Henry . The sister , Sarah Siddons , is Katherine . The tradition was continued by two daughters of Charles Kemble and Maria Theresa Kemble : actress and Shakespearean reader Fanny Kemble ( 1800-1893 ) and Adelaide Kemble ( 1815-1879 ) , an opera singer . Both Sarah Siddon 's son Henry Kemble and Stephen Kemble 's son , also named Henry Kemble , became actors . Among later members of the Kemble family , mention may also be made of Charles Kemble 's grandson , Henry Kemble ( 1848-1907 ) , a sterling and popular London actor . At least two 20th Century members were Violet Kemble-Cooper and Lillian Kemble-Cooper . Descending from Kemble Croft 's line is Sebastian Croft ( b. 2001 ) , a popular 21st Century actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1488eef2f350a3e200af1008da95602d", "text": "Wars of the Roses The Wars of the Roses were a series of wars for control of the throne of England fought between supporters of two rival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet : the House of Lancaster ( associated with a red rose ) , and the House of York ( whose symbol was a white rose ) . The conflict lasted through many sporadic episodes between 1455 and 1487 ; however , there was fighting before and after this period between the houses . The power struggle ignited around social and financial troubles following the Hundred Years ' War , combined with the mental infirmity and weak rule of Henry VI which revived interest in Richard of York 's claim to the throne . Historians disagree about whether the Wars of the Roses were caused by the structural problems of bastard feudalism or Henry VI 's ineffectiveness as king . With the Duke of York 's death , the claim transferred to his heir , Edward , who later became the first Yorkist king of England , as Edward IV . His son reigned for 86 days as Edward V , but Parliament then decided that Edward and his brother Richard were illegitimate and offered the crown to Edward IV 's younger brother , who became Richard III . The two young princes disappeared within the confines of the Tower of London . The final victory went to a claimant of the Lancastrian party , Henry Tudor , Earl of Richmond , who defeated the last Yorkist king , Richard III , at the Battle of Bosworth Field . After assuming the throne as Henry VII , he married Elizabeth of York , the eldest daughter and heir of Edward IV , thereby uniting the two claims . The House of Tudor ruled the Kingdom of England until 1603 , with the death of Elizabeth I , granddaughter of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f207d83accc8913a4acedf3546d067a3", "text": "Roger Leche Sir Roger Leche ( died 1416 ) was a medieval British courtier , Member of Parliament and Lord High Treasurer . He was born into a well-to-do Derbyshire family and benefitted from being a Lancastrian supporter . After Henry Bolinbroke 's return from exile in 1399 and subsequent coronation as King Henry IV Leche started to acquire property and income from public offices such as Royal commissioner , Justice of the Peace and High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire for 1400 -- 01 . He became a member of the King 's household , spending time in 1403 securing Carmarthen Castle against the Welsh . He was knighted by 1404 . In 1402 he represented Derbyshire in Parliament for the first time . He would represent the county again in 1406 , 1413 and 1414 . He was made Controller of the Household of Henry IV in 1404 and Steward of the household of Henry , Prince of Wales from 1407 to 1413 . Over the next decade he acquired a large number of positions in the royal household administration . He was Keeper of the city of York for the Crown ( 1405-1406 ) , Steward of the Duchy of Lancaster , Lordship of the High Peak , Derbyshire ( 1405-death ) , Steward of the duchy lordship of Tutbury , Staffordshire ( by 1407-death ) , Bailiff of the High Peak ( by 1413-death ) , Chief Steward of the Duchy of Lancaster north parts ( 1413-death ) and Chamberlain of the Duchy of Lancaster ( 1416-death ) . He was also Constable of Flint Castle from 1407 to his death . After the accession to the throne of Henry V he was appointed Keeper of the household wardrobe in 1413 and promoted to Lord High Treasurer on 17 April 1416 . Ill health forced his retirement on 23 September of the same year and he died two months later . He had married twice . From his first marriage he had a son and heir , Sir Philip Leche , and four daughters . He had secondly married Katherine , the widow of Sir John Bromwich and Sir Hugh Waterton . Sir Philip Leche succeeded him as MP for Derbyshire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "778478b2d1d8d910155feec730cc3719", "text": "Descendants of Henry IV of France Henry IV of France was the first Bourbon king of France . Formerly known as Henri of Navarre , he succeeded to the French throne with the extinction of House of Valois , at the death of Henry III of France . His descendants are varied and numerous . Some of his descendants are Juan Carlos of Spain , Franz , Duke of Bavaria , Diana , Princess of Wales , actress Brooke Shields and singer and actress Jane Birkin . He had six children with his wife Marie de ' Medici and also had many illegitimate children with his many mistresses . This article deals with each of his children and their respective descendants .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c48e1ee4f18f7a6761b813d4faec7f81", "text": "Richard of Lincoln (illegitimate son of Henry I of England) Richard of Lincoln ( b. before 1101 , d. 25 November 1120 ) was the illegitimate son of Henry I of England , born to Henry and a woman named Ansfride , widow of Aanskill ( origins unknown ) . She is often referred to as Henry 's third mistress . Richard was brought up and educated by Robert Bloet , the Bishop of Lincoln . Bloet had also educated Richard 's half-brother Robert , 1st Earl of Gloucester . Richard is sometimes confused with Richard de Lincoln , an Anglo-Norman prelate who died in 1203 . Richard supported his father in his war with Louis VI of France , although it is unclear at what point he joined the fight with the English forces . According to Orderic Vitalis , he avoided capture by French forces at Les Andelys in 1119 through the help of Ralph the Red of Pont-Echanfray . He continued to fight at his father 's side during the sieged the castle of Évreux being held by Henry 's most detested enemy , Amaury III de Montfort . His last known military adventure was at the battle of Brémule on 20 August 1119 , for which the decisive win by the English led to Louis ' accepting Richard 's half-brother William Adelin as Duke of Normandy . In 1120 , Richard became betrothed to Amice , the daughter of the defender of Brémule , Raoul II de Gael , seigneur of Gael and Montfort , son of Ralph de Gael , Earl of East Anglia . The marriage never took place as Richard died in the wreck of the White Ship on 25 November 1120 . Amice did not accompany him and lived until 1168 , marrying the king 's ward Robert de Beaumont , 2nd Earl of Leicester , and one of many descendents included Ida de Tosny , a mistress of Henry II Curtmantle , King of England .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "16d646acf2551a591850cb42c90d87ba", "text": "Earl of Rochester Earl of Rochester was a title that was created twice in the Peerage of England . The first creation came in 1652 in favour of the Royalist soldier Henry Wilmot , 2nd Viscount Wilmot . He had already been created Baron Wilmot , of Adderbury in the County of Oxford , in 1643 , also in the Peerage of England . He was the son of Charles Wilmot , who had been elevated to the Peerage of Ireland as Viscount Wilmot , of Athlone , in 1622 . Lord Rochester died in 1658 and was succeeded by his son , the second Earl . He was a poet , a friend of King Charles II , and the writer of satirical and bawdy poetry . He married the heiress Elizabeth Malet . He was succeeded on his death in 1680 by his only son , the third Earl . He died at a young age the following year , when the titles became extinct . The second creation came in 1682 in favour of the statesman and writer the Honourable Laurence Hyde . He was made Baron Wotton Basset and Viscount Hyde , of Kenilworth in the County of Warwick , at the same time , also in the Peerage of England . Hyde was the second son of Edward Hyde , 1st Earl of Clarendon . He was succeeded by his only son Henry , the second Earl . He notably served as Lord-Lieutenant of Cornwall . In 1723 he succeeded his cousin as fourth Earl of Clarendon . His only surviving son Henry Hyde , Viscount Cornbury , was summoned to the House of Lords through a writ of acceleration in his father 's junior title of Baron Hyde in 1750 . However , he died in May 1753 , predeceasing his father by seven months . On Lord Clarendon and Rochester 's death in December of the same year all the titles became extinct .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b0c3404e557658b8023c807cf689bc69", "text": "Earl Manvers Earl Manvers was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom . It was created in 1806 for Charles Medows Pierrepont , 1st Viscount Newark . He had already been created Baron Pierrepont , of Holme Pierrepont in the County of Nottingham , and Viscount Newark , of Newark-on-Trent in the County of Nottingham , in 1796 . Both these titles were in the Peerage of Great Britain . Born Charles Medows , he was the second son of Philip Medows , Deputy Ranger of Richmond Park , by Lady Frances Pierrepont , daughter of William Pierrepont , Earl of Kingston ( 1692 -- 1713 ) , eldest son and heir apparent of Evelyn Pierrepont , 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull . In 1788 Charles Medows had succeeded to the Pierrepont estates on the death of the second Duke 's wife , and assumed the same year by Royal sign manual the surname of Pierrepont in lieu of Medows . Manvers 's eldest son Evelyn Pierrepont predeceased him and he was succeeded by his second son Charles , the second Earl . He was a naval commander and Member of Parliament . He was succeeded by his second and only surviving son , Sydney , the third Earl . He represented Nottinghamshire South in Parliament . He was succeeded by his eldest son , Charles , the fourth Earl . He sat as Conservative Member of Parliament for Newark . On his death the titles passed to his only son Evelyn , the fifth Earl . He suffered a mental breakdown at the age of 17 and never married . The fifth Earl was succeeded by his cousin Gervas Pierrepont , the sixth and last Earl . He was the only son of the Hon Evelyn Henry Pierrepont ( 1856 -- 1926 ) , second son of the third Earl . The sixth Earl 's only son died as a child and the Earldom and subsidiary titles became extinct on the Earl 's death in 1955 . Other members of the family may also be mentioned . Edward Medows ( died 1813 ) , brother of the first Earl , was a Captain in the Royal Navy . Sir William Medows , brother of the first Earl , was a General in the British Army . The Honourable Henry Pierrepont , third son of the first Earl , was a diplomat . The ancestral seat of the Earls Manvers was Thoresby Hall , near Ollerton , Nottinghamshire . The hall itself , built in the 1860s by the third Earl to the designs of Anthony Salvin was the 3rd building on the site replacing a smaller Georgian house which in turn had replaced a large Baroque house designed by Talman which had burned down . It remained the home of the last Countess Manvers until her death aged 95 in 1984 and was subsequently sold by the family and is now a hotel and conference venue . The Thoresby wider agricultural and forestry estate remains with the descendents of the Pierreponts and they have built a new Country House elsewhere on the Estate . A comprehensive school named after him -- Manvers Pierrepont Comprehensive , Carlton Road , Nottingham . The school site still exists but rationalisation transformed it to a College of Further Education .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "caf2a8150edd63c62db470a1eef5442a", "text": "Jane Shore (1915 film) Jane Shore is a 1915 British silent historical film directed by Bert Haldane and F. Martin Thornton and starring Blanche Forsythe , Roy Travers and Robert Purdie . It is an adaptation of the 1714 play The Tragedy of Jane Shore by Nicholas Rowe and is based on the life of Jane Shore , the mistress of Edward IV .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d29c971df00dfcec738c554bc298ac8", "text": "Tom Courtenay Sir Thomas Daniel `` Tom '' Courtenay ( -LSB- ˈkɔrtni -RSB- born 25 February 1937 ) is an English actor who came to prominence in the early 1960s with a succession of films , including The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner ( 1962 ) , Billy Liar ( 1963 ) , and Doctor Zhivago ( 1965 ) . Since the mid-1960s , he has been known primarily for his work in the theatre , although he received an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor for the film adaptation of The Dresser ( 1983 ) , which he had performed on the West End and on Broadway . He received a knighthood in February 2001 for his service to cinema and theatre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c92e2aa20923dcd87fe52d51ce4c66fc", "text": "Duke of Bedford Duke of Bedford ( named after Bedford , England ) is a title that has been created six times ( for five distinct people ) in the Peerage of England . The first and second creations came in 1414 in favour of Henry IV 's third son , John , who later served as regent of France . He was made Earl of Kendal at the same time and was made Earl of Richmond later the same year . The titles became extinct on his death in 1435 . The third creation came in 1470 in favour of George Neville , nephew of Warwick the Kingmaker . He was deprived of the title by Act of Parliament in 1478 . The fourth creation came 1478 in favour of George , the third son of Edward IV . He died the following year at the age of two . The fifth creation came in 1485 in favour of Jasper Tudor , half-brother of Henry VI and uncle of Henry VII . He had already been created Earl of Pembroke in 1452 . However , as he was a Lancastrian , his title was forfeited between 1461 and 1485 during the predominance of the House of York . He regained the earldom in 1485 when his nephew Henry VII came to the throne and was elevated to the dukedom the same year . He had no legitimate children and the titles became extinct on his death in 1495 . The Russell family currently holds the titles of Earl and Duke of Bedford . John Russell , a close advisor of Henry VIII and Edward VI , was granted the title of Earl of Bedford in 1551 , and his descendant William , 5th Earl , was created Duke following the Glorious Revolution . The subsidiary titles of the Duke of Bedford , all in the Peerage of England , are Marquess of Tavistock ( created 1694 ) , Earl of Bedford ( 1550 ) , Baron Russell , of Cheneys ( 1539 ) , Baron Russell of Thornhaugh in the County of Northampton ( 1603 ) , and Baron Howland , of Streatham in the County of Surrey ( 1695 ) ( and possibly the Barony of Bedford , which was merged into it in 1138 , 1366 or 1414 ) . The courtesy title of the Duke of Bedford 's eldest son and heir is Marquess of Tavistock '' . Every Duke from the 5th Duke onwards is descended from Charles II of England . The family seat is Woburn Abbey , Bedfordshire . The private mausoleum and chapel of the Russell Family and the Dukes of Bedford is at St. Michael 's Church in Chenies , Buckinghamshire ( photo ) . The family owns The Bedford Estate in central London .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04c06f49302a6dee09c7f5324a366b6b", "text": "ITV Sunday Night Theatre ITV Sunday Night Theatre , originally titled ITV Saturday Night Theatre , is a UK television anthology series screened on ITV , and produced by London Weekend Television ( LWT ) . Some episodes were produced with Kestrel Productions . Around 200 episodes aired on ITV from 1969-1974 , including productions of the plays Long Day 's Journey into Night by Eugene O'Neill , A Doll 's House by Henrik Ibsen , and Arms and the Man by George Bernard Shaw . Other episodes included adaptions of the works of William Shakespeare , James Joyce , Wilkie Collins , Simon Gray , Sam Shepard , Israel Horovitz , Arthur Miller , August Strindberg , J.B. Priestley , Lanford Wilson , and John Mortimer . Among its directors were Michael Lindsay-Hogg , Anthony Page , Mike Newell , Fielder Cook , Ted Kotcheff , Peter Wood , and Vivian Matalon . The actors involved included Helen Mirren , Laurence Olivier , Sean Connery , Anthony Hopkins , Michael Caine , Paul Scofield , George C. Scott , Laurence Harvey , Ralph Richardson , Diana Rigg , Trevor Howard , Glenda Jackson , Diane Cilento , Alec Guinness , Jane Asher , Martin Sheen , Colleen Dewhurst , Jean Marsh , Shelley Winters , Ian Holm , Richard Chamberlain , Edith Evans , John Gielgud , Shirley Knight , Ian McKellen , George Sanders and Margaret Whiting .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1113b7cce715675d24f94b6ce86ac447", "text": "Tom Hardy Edward Thomas Hardy ( born 15 September 1977 ) is an English actor and producer . His motion picture debut was in Ridley Scott 's 2001 action film Black Hawk Down . Hardy 's other notable films include the science fiction film Star Trek : Nemesis ( 2002 ) , the crime film RocknRolla ( 2008 ) , biographical psychological drama Bronson ( 2008 ) , sports drama Warrior ( 2011 ) , Cold War espionage film Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy ( 2011 ) , crime drama Lawless ( 2012 ) , drama Locke ( 2013 ) , mobster film The Drop ( 2014 ) , and the biographical western thriller The Revenant ( 2015 ) , for which he received an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor . He portrayed `` Mad '' Max Rockatansky in the post-apocalyptic film Mad Max : Fury Road ( 2015 ) , and both of the Kray twins in the crime thriller Legend ( 2015 ) . He has appeared in three Christopher Nolan films : the science fiction thriller Inception ( 2010 ) , portrayed Bane in the superhero film The Dark Knight Rises ( 2012 ) , and the action-thriller Dunkirk ( 2017 ) based on the British evacuation in World War II . Hardy 's television roles include the HBO war drama miniseries Band of Brothers ( 2001 ) , the BBC historical drama miniseries The Virgin Queen ( 2005 ) , ITV 's Wuthering Heights ( 2008 ) , the Sky 1 drama series The Take ( 2009 ) , and the BBC historical crime drama television series Peaky Blinders ( 2013 ) . He created , co-produced and took the lead in the eight-part historical fiction series Taboo ( 2017 ) on BBC One and FX . Hardy has performed on both British and American stages . He was nominated for the Laurence Olivier Award for Most Promising Newcomer for his role as Skank in the 2003 production of In Arabia We 'd All Be Kings , and was awarded the 2003 London Evening Standard Theatre Award for Outstanding Newcomer for his performances in both In Arabia We 'd All be Kings and for his role as Luca in Blood . He starred in the 2007 production of The Man of Mode and received positive reviews for his role in the 2010 Philip Seymour Hoffman-directed play The Long Red Road .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48a22c24195e3780c3994155d86d4ad8", "text": "Catherine Fillol Catherine Fillol ( or Filliol ) ( c. 1507 - c. 1535 ) was the daughter and co-heiress of Sir William Fillol ( 1453 - 9 July 1527 ) , of Woodlands , Horton , Dorset , and of Fillol 's Hall , Essex . She became the first wife of Sir Edward Seymour , who went on to become the first Duke of Somerset of a new creation , Lord Protector of England and the uncle of King Edward VI , after his sister Jane married King Henry VIII . A 17th-century marginal note to copy of Vincent 's Baronage at College of Heralds alleged that she had had an affair with her father-in-law , Sir John Seymour . However , there is no contemporary evidence to support this . Catherine Fillol may have gone to a local convent , as this seems to be implied by a remark in her father 's will . The will was challenged by Sir Edward Seymour in 1531 , on the basis that his father-in-law was not of sound mind . In 1535 , Sir Edward Seymour married his second wife Anne Stanhope , indicating that Catherine Fillol had probably died no later than early 1535 . Catherine Fillol had two sons , John Seymour ( buried 19 December 1552 ) , who died unmarried and without issue , and Edward Seymour . Edward Seymour had ten more children by his second wife , including his eventual heir Edward Seymour , 1st Earl of Hertford . When he was later created Duke of Somerset , his children by his first marriage were still considered legitimate , but the patent of nobility provides that the dukedom is to descend first to his heirs by Anne , and only in the event of the failure of that line to his heirs by Catherine . With the death of Algernon , the seventh duke of Somerset in 1750 , the Seymour Baronets of Berry Pomeroy Castle , inherited the title of Duke of Somerset . Consequently , the present Duke of Somerset is descended from Catherine Filliol .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b1120501b341327bca0857c699f5e1a", "text": "The History of King Lear The History of King Lear is an adaptation by Nahum Tate of William Shakespeare 's King Lear . It first appeared in 1681 , some seventy-five years after Shakespeare 's version , and is believed to have replaced Shakespeare 's version on the English stage in whole or in part until 1838 . Unlike Shakespeare 's tragedy , Tate 's play has a happy ending , with Lear regaining his throne , Cordelia marrying Edgar , and Edgar joyfully declaring that `` truth and virtue shall at last succeed . '' Regarded as a tragicomedy , the play has five acts , as does Shakespeare 's , although the number of scenes is different , and the text is about eight hundred lines shorter than Shakespeare 's . Many of Shakespeare 's original lines are retained , or modified only slightly , but a significant portion of the text is entirely new , and much is omitted . The character of the Fool , for example , is absent . Although many critics -- including Joseph Addison , August Wilhelm Schlegel , Charles Lamb , William Hazlitt , and Anna Jameson -- condemned Tate 's adaptation for what they saw as its cheap sentimentality , it was popular with theatregoers , and was approved by Samuel Johnson , who regarded Cordelia 's death in Shakespeare 's play as unbearable . Shakespeare 's version continued to appear in printed editions of his works , but , according to numerous scholars , including A.C. Bradley and Stanley Wells , did not appear on the English stage for over a hundred and fifty years from the date of the first performance of Tate 's play . Actors such as Thomas Betterton , David Garrick , and John Philip Kemble , who were famous for the role of Lear , were portraying Tate 's Lear , not Shakespeare 's . The tragic ending was briefly restored by Edmund Kean in 1823 . In 1838 , William Charles Macready purged the text entirely of Tate , in favour of a shortened version of Shakespeare 's original . Finally , Samuel Phelps returned to the complete Shakespeare text in 1845 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87d5126edfd224467b5807556d966f6d", "text": "Henry V of England Henry V ( 9 August 1386 -- 31 August 1422 ) was King of England from 1413 until his death at the age of 36 in 1422 . He was the second English monarch who came from the House of Lancaster . After military experience fighting the Welsh during the revolt of Owain Glyndŵr , and against the powerful aristocratic Percys of Northumberland at the Battle of Shrewsbury , Henry came into political conflict with his father , whose health was increasingly precarious from 1405 onward . After his father 's death in 1413 , Henry assumed control of the country and embarked on war with France in the ongoing Hundred Years ' War ( 1337 -- 1453 ) between the two nations . His military successes culminated in his famous victory at the Battle of Agincourt ( 1415 ) and saw him come close to conquering France . After months of negotiation with Charles VI of France , the Treaty of Troyes ( 1420 ) recognised Henry V as regent and heir apparent to the French throne , and he was subsequently married to Charles 's daughter , Catherine of Valois ( 1401 -- 37 ) . Following Henry V 's sudden and unexpected death in France two years later , he was succeeded by his infant son , who reigned as Henry VI ( 1422 -- 61 , 1470 -- 71 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9359f9311e61187c7341ab7a6b41fe31", "text": "Henry de Ardern Henry de Ardern or Henry Ardern , was Member of Parliament for Warwickshire in 1377 and again in 1380 and Worcestershire from November 1381 . In 1373 Henry bought Park Hall , near Castle Bromwich , from Sir John Botetourt . In 1377 , or 1378 , he was granted the manors of Croome Adam ( now Earls Croome ) and Grafton Flyford by the Earl of Warwick for a red rose . He was the son of Ralph de Ardern and probably born at Curdworth . He died in 1382 He married and had a son , Ralph Ardern who also became the Member of Parliament for Worcestershire in March 1406 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7af77b7e6c4d952eb18e58021ef1cc16", "text": "Henry VI, Part 1 Henry VI , Part 1 , often referred to as 1 Henry VI , is a history play by William Shakespeare , and possibly Christopher Marlowe and/or Thomas Nashe , believed to have been written in 1591 , and set during the lifetime of King Henry VI of England . Whereas Henry VI , Part 2 deals with the King 's inability to quell the bickering of his nobles , and the inevitability of armed conflict , and Henry VI , Part 3 deals with the horrors of that conflict , Henry VI , Part 1 deals with the loss of England 's French territories and the political machinations leading up to the Wars of the Roses , as the English political system is torn apart by personal squabbles and petty jealousy . Although the Henry VI trilogy may not have been written in chronological order , the three plays are often grouped together with Richard III to form a tetralogy covering the entire Wars of the Roses saga , from the death of Henry V in 1422 to the rise to power of Henry VII in 1485 . It was the success of this sequence of plays that firmly established Shakespeare 's reputation as a playwright . Some regard Henry VI , Part 1 as the weakest of Shakespeare 's plays and , along with Titus Andronicus , it is generally considered one of the strongest candidates for evidence that Shakespeare collaborated with other dramatists early in his career .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "66952f020f11c32b56c3783e5545e428", "text": "George H. W. Bush George Herbert Walker Bush ( born June 12 , 1924 ) is an American politician who was the 41st President of the United States from 1989 to 1993 and the 43rd Vice President of the United States from 1981 to 1989 . A member of the Republican Party , he was previously a congressman , ambassador , and Director of Central Intelligence . He is the oldest living former President and Vice President . Since 2000 , Bush has often been referred to as `` George H. W. Bush '' , `` Bush 41 '' , `` Bush the Elder '' , or `` George Bush Senior '' to distinguish him from his eldest son , George W. Bush , who became the 43rd President of the United States after the 2000 election . Bush was born in Milton , Massachusetts , to Prescott Bush and Dorothy Walker Bush . Following the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 , Bush postponed his university studies , enlisted in the U.S. Navy on his 18th birthday , and became the youngest aviator in the U.S. Navy at the time . He served until the end of the war , then attended Yale University . Graduating in 1948 , he moved his family to West Texas and entered the oil business , becoming a millionaire by the age of 40 . Bush became involved in politics soon after founding his own oil company , and he won election to the House of Representatives in 1966 . In 1971 , President Richard Nixon appointed Bush as Ambassador to the United Nations , and in 1973 , Bush became the Chairman of the Republican National Committee . The following year , President Gerald Ford appointed Bush as the ambassador to the People 's Republic of China , and later reassigned Bush to the position of Director of Central Intelligence . Bush ran for president in 1980 but was defeated in the Republican primary by Ronald Reagan . Reagan chose Bush as his running mate , and Bush became vice president after the Reagan -- Bush ticket won the 1980 election . During his eight-year tenure as vice president , Bush headed administration task forces on deregulation and fighting the `` War on Drugs '' . In 1988 , Bush ran a successful campaign to succeed Reagan as President , defeating Democratic opponent Michael Dukakis . Foreign policy drove the Bush presidency : military operations were conducted in Panama and the Persian Gulf ; the Berlin Wall fell in 1989 , and the Soviet Union dissolved two years later . Though the agreement was not ratified until after he left office , Bush also signed the North American Free Trade Agreement , which created a trade bloc consisting of the United States , Canada , and Mexico . Domestically , Bush reneged on a 1988 campaign promise and , after a struggle with Congress , signed an increase in taxes that Congress had passed . In the wake of a weak recovery from an economic recession , along with continuing budget deficits and the diminution of foreign politics as a major issue in a post-Cold War political climate , he lost the 1992 presidential election to Democrat Bill Clinton . Bush left office in 1993 . His presidential library was dedicated in 1997 , and he has been active -- often alongside Bill Clinton -- in various humanitarian activities . With George W. Bush 's victory in the 2000 presidential election , Bush and his son became the second father-son combination to serve as president , following John Adams and John Quincy Adams . Another member of the Bush family , Bush 's second son Jeb Bush , served as the 43rd Governor of Florida ( 1999 -- 2007 ) and sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2016 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "bf899940b5b4e5c00ccec8e14dfbd99f", "text": "List of Presidents of the United States who were Freemasons Of the 44 people who have been President of the United States , roughly one-third ( 14 , or by some counts 15 * ) were Freemasons . Along with the presidents listed below , Lyndon Johnson had been initiated into the 1st Degree of Freemasonry ( an `` Entered Apprentice '' ) but did not advance any further and did not become a full member of his lodge , Ronald Reagan was made an honorary Freemason , and Bill Clinton as a youth was a member of the Order of DeMolay . * - Because of LBJ 's initiation into the fraternal organization , many lists of Freemason Presidents include him , with a total of 15 . ( It can also be noted that some historians state that David Rice Atchison , member of Platte Lodge No. 56 , Mo , served as `` Ex-officio president '' for one day : March 4 , 1849 . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d79f208289ead025018b8e9bd1a7c2da", "text": "United States presidential election in Tennessee, 1984 The 1984 United States presidential election in Tennessee took place on November 6 , 1984 . All 50 states and the District of Columbia , were part of the 1984 United States presidential election . Tennessee voters chose 11 electors to the Electoral College , which selected the President and Vice President of the United States . Tennessee was won by incumbent United States President Ronald Reagan of California , who was running against former Vice President Walter Mondale of Minnesota . Reagan ran for a second time with former C.I.A. Director George H. W. Bush of Texas , and Mondale ran with Representative Geraldine Ferraro of New York , the first major female candidate for the Vice-Presidency .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "033a0c3f40eb1d28b96b26f66adb3cf8", "text": "United States presidential election in New York, 1980 The 1980 United States presidential election in New York took place on November 4 , 1980 . All 50 states and The District of Columbia , were part of the 1980 United States presidential election . New York voters chose forty one electors to the Electoral College , which voted for President and Vice President . New York was won by former California Governor Ronald Reagan , in a narrow victory against President of the United States Jimmy Carter , who failed to gain reelection against Reagan . Also in the running was Independent candidate Congressman John B. Anderson of Illinois , who ran in New York as the Liberal Party candidate . Reagan won the state with a plurality of 46.66 % of the vote to Carter 's 43.99 % , a margin of 2.67 % . Anderson finished in third with 7.54 % . New York 's election results reflect the Republican Party 's re-consolidation of base under what is popularly called the `` Reagan Revolution , '' which sounded various overwhelming conservative electoral victories across the United States throughout the 1980s - and most evidently against the relatively unpopular President Carter during the 1980 presidential election . New York weighed in for this election as more Democratic than the national average by about 7 % . This election is notable in that , while the highly populated regions of New York City , Buffalo , and Albany turned out for Carter , the election in the state was tipped by the majority of less-populated upstate counties , combined with heavily populated suburban counties around NYC , most of which were won by Reagan . Carter actually picked up plurality wins in 2 counties which he had lost in 1976 : Monroe County , home to the city of Rochester , and Niagara County . A major contributing factor to Reagan 's victory over Carter was the relatively strong third party showing by independent candidate John B. Anderson , a former liberal Republican congressman who garnered 8 % of the vote in the State - twice the 4 % margin by which Carter had won New York in 1976 . Running on the ballot line of New York 's Liberal Party , Anderson attracted the votes of many liberals and moderates who normally leaned Democratic but were dissatisfied with the policies of the Carter Administration , thus splitting the left-leaning vote in New York State . In the heavily populated , and very liberal , 5 boroughs of New York City , Carter still won overall , and Reagan made only modest gains in vote share over Gerald Ford 's 1976 showing of 33 % , taking 37 % in the city in 1980 . However , although still winning 4 out of 5 boroughs , Carter bled a massive amount of support in the city to Anderson , dropping from 66 % in 1976 to only 55 % in 1980 . Since Democratic victories in New York State in that era depended on running up massive margins in New York City to overcome the rest of the state 's Republican lean , the reduced margin in the city from vote-splitting would prove fatal to Carter 's chances of winning the state in 1980 . While Reagan only bled about 1 % of Republican base support in the state ( winning a plurality in a 3-way-race with 46.66 % while Gerald Ford had lost the state in a two-man race with 47.52 % in 1976 ) , Carter bled nearly 8 % of his 1976 support , falling from a 51.95 % majority win in 1976 to a losing 43.99 % in 1980 , most of those lost Democratic base votes going to Anderson instead . This remains the last election in which a Republican presidential nominee has won Tompkins County in upstate New York , home to the college town of Ithaca , where Cornell University and Ithaca College are located . Reagan narrowly won the county with a plurality of 42 % to Carter 's 40 % , while Anderson took nearly 14 % , making it Anderson 's strongest county in the state . In 1984 , Tompkins County would vote against Reagan and in the following years it would become the most Democratic county in upstate New York , giving Barack Obama over 70 % of the vote in 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed6500caf6f27d287848912d3ce8fcaf", "text": "World Freedom Day (United States) World Freedom Day is a United States federal observance declared by then-President George W. Bush to commemorate the fall of the Berlin Wall and the end of communist rule in Central and Eastern Europe . It started in 2001 and is celebrated on November 9 . For this occasion , conservative youth groups such as Young America 's Foundation and the College Republicans urge students to commemorate this day ( which they mark as the start of `` Freedom Week , '' thus including Veterans Day ) by `` celebrating victory over communism '' through provocative flyer campaigns and activism projects . Many conservative political commentators and activists use World Freedom Day as an occasion in which to acclaim President Ronald Reagan , whom they regard as being responsible for the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d62d1fb88841a69fdb1b80342bac7da", "text": "Presidential Records Act The Presidential Records Act ( PRA ) of 1978 , , is an Act of Congress of the United States governing the official records of Presidents and Vice Presidents created or received after January 20 , 1981 , and mandating the preservation of all presidential records . The PRA changed the legal ownership of the official records of the President from private to public , and established a new statutory structure under which Presidents must manage their records . Specifically , the Presidential Records Act : Defines and states public ownership of the records . Places the responsibility for the custody and management of incumbent Presidential records with the President . Allows the incumbent President to dispose of records that no longer have administrative , historical , informational , or evidentiary value , once he has obtained the views of the Archivist of the United States on the proposed disposal . Requires that the President and his staff take all practical steps to file personal records separately from Presidential records . Establishes a process for restriction and public access to these records . Specifically , the PRA allows for public access to Presidential records through the Freedom of Information Act ( FOIA ) beginning five years after the end of the Administration , but allows the President to invoke as many as six specific restrictions to public access for up to twelve years . The PRA also establishes procedures for Congress , courts , and subsequent administrations to obtain special access to records that remain closed to the public , following a 30‑day notice period to the former and current Presidents . Requires that Vice-Presidential records are to be treated in the same way as Presidential records . Executive Order 12667 - Issued by President Reagan in January 1989 , this executive order established the procedures for NARA and former and incumbent Presidents to implement the PRA . Executive Order 13233 - This executive order , issued by President George W. Bush on November 1 , 2001 , supersedes the previous executive order . The Bush executive order also includes the documents of former Vice Presidents . Executive Order 13489 - Issued by President Barack Obama on January 21 , 2009 , restored the implementation of the PRA of 1978 as practiced under President Reagan 's Executive Order 12667 and revoked President Bush 's Executive Order 13233 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a588f0e5acd7bfd16724679d656fb592", "text": "Inauguration of Gerald Ford The inauguration of Gerald Ford as the 38th President of the United States was held on August 9 , 1974 , in the East Room of the White House in Washington , D.C. , following the resignation of President Richard Nixon . The inauguration marked the commencement of Gerald Ford 's only term ( a partial term of ) as President . Chief Justice Warren Burger administered the oath of office . The Bible upon which Ford recited the oath was held by his wife , Betty Ford , open to Proverbs 3:5 -6 . While this was the ninth non-scheduled , extraordinary inauguration to take place since the presidency was established in 1789 , it was the first to take place because the incumbent had resigned from office . Ford had become Vice President on December 6 , 1973 , after the resignation of Spiro Agnew . He was the first person appointed to the vice presidency under the terms of the Twenty-fifth Amendment . Thus , when he succeeded Nixon , Ford became the first ( and to date only ) person to have held both the office of Vice President and President without having been elected to either .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27b516a07e60c80bacc40d9851abc89a", "text": "United States presidential election in Nebraska, 1992 The 1992 United States presidential election in Nebraska took place on November 3 , 1992 , as part of the 1992 United States presidential election . Voters chose five representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Nebraska was won by incumbent President George H.W. Bush ( R-Texas ) with 46.58 % of the popular vote over Governor Bill Clinton ( D-Arkansas ) with 29.40 % . Businessman Ross Perot ( I-Texas ) finished in third with 23.63 % of the popular vote . Clinton ultimately won the national vote , defeating both incumbent President Bush and Perot .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2dd1e3674708129b1aa0f17e0bbee1c4", "text": "United States presidential election in Arizona, 1984 The 1984 United States presidential election in Arizona took place on November 6 , 1984 . All fifty states and the District of Columbia , were part of the 1984 United States presidential election . Arizona voters chose seven electors to the Electoral College , which selected the President and Vice President of the United States . Arizona was won by incumbent United States President Ronald Reagan of California , who was running against former Vice President Walter Mondale of Minnesota . Reagan ran for a second time with former C.I.A. Director George H. W. Bush of Texas , and Mondale ran with Representative Geraldine Ferraro of New York , the first major female candidate for the Vice-Presidency .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d4ad2c736e7869d3f4f22380d9b8529", "text": "Electoral history of Dick Cheney Electoral history of Dick Cheney , 46th Vice President of the United States ( 2001 -- 2009 ) , 17th United States Secretary of Defense ( 1989 -- 1993 ) , United States Representative from Wyoming ( 1979 -- 1989 , including Minority Whip , 1989 ) and White House Chief of Staff ( 1975 -- 1977 ) Wyoming 's At-large congressional district , 1978 ( Republican primary ) : Wyoming 's At-large congressional district , 1978 : Wyoming 's At-large congressional district , 1980 : Wyoming 's At-large congressional district , 1982 : Wyoming 's At-large congressional district , 1984 : Wyoming 's At-large congressional district , 1986 : Wyoming 's At-large congressional district , 1988 United States Secretary of Defense , 1989 ( Confirmation in the United States Senate ) : Yea -- 92 Nay -- 0 Not voting -- 8 2000 Republican National Convention ( Vice Presidential tally ) : Dick Cheney -- 2,066 ( 100.00 % ) United States presidential election , 2000 : George W. Bush/Dick Cheney ( R ) -- 50,460,110 ( 47.9 % ) and 271 electoral votes ( 30 states carried ) Al Gore/Joe Lieberman ( D ) -- 51,003,926 ( 48.4 % ) and 266 electoral votes ( 20 states and D.C. carried ) Abstaining -- 1 electoral vote ( Washington , D.C. faithless elector ) Ralph Nader/Winona LaDuke ( Green ) -- 2,883,105 ( 2.7 % ) Pat Buchanan/Ezola Foster ( Reform ) -- 449,225 ( 0.4 % ) Harry Browne/Art Olivier ( Libertarian ) -- 384,516 ( 0.4 % ) Howard Phillips/Curtis Frazier ( Constitution ) -- 98,022 ( 0.1 % ) John Hagelin/Nat Goldhaber ( Natural Law ) -- 83,702 ( 0.1 % ) Others -- 54,652 ( 0.1 % ) 2004 Republican National Convention ( Vice Presidential tally ) : Dick Cheney -- unamiously United States presidential election , 2004 : George W. Bush/Dick Cheney ( R ) ( inc. ) -- 62,040,610 ( 50.73 % ) and 286 electoral votes ( 31 states carried ) John Kerry/John Edwards ( D ) -- 59,028,444 ( 48.27 % ) and 251 electoral votes ( 19 states and D.C. carried ) John Edwards ( D ) -- 1 electoral vote ( Minnesota faithless elector ) Ralph Nader/Peter Camejo ( I ) -- 465,650 ( 0.38 % ) Michael Badnarik/Richard Campagna ( Libertarian ) -- 397,265 ( 0.32 % ) Michael Peroutka/Chuck Baldwin ( Constitution ) -- 143,630 ( 0.12 % ) David Cobb/Pat LaMarche ( Green ) -- 119,859 ( 0.096 % )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "60778b4338b21163fd53ec9bb47601a5", "text": "United States presidential election in South Carolina, 1984 The 1984 United States presidential election in South Carolina took place on November 6 , 1984 . All 50 states and the District of Columbia , were part of the 1984 United States presidential election . South Carolina voters chose 8 electors to the Electoral College , which selected the President and Vice President of the United States . South Carolina was won by incumbent United States President Ronald Reagan of California , who was running against former Vice President Walter Mondale of Minnesota . Reagan ran for a second time with former C.I.A. Director George H. W. Bush of Texas , and Mondale ran with Representative Geraldine Ferraro of New York , the first major female candidate for the Vice-Presidency .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9bfe2300524206996f288c1d8bf471d5", "text": "United States vice-presidential debate, 1992 The 1992 vice-presidential debate was part of the 1992 presidential election . The participants were Democratic nominee , Bill Clinton 's running mate , U.S. Senator Al Gore from Tennessee ; Ross Perot 's running mate , retired Vice Admiral James Stockdale ; and Republican candidate , incumbent Vice President Dan Quayle . It was held on Tuesday , October 13 , 1992 . The debate was held at Georgia Tech in Atlanta , Georgia . Hal Bruno of ABC News served as moderator . Stockdale , Perot 's running mate , became an object of ridicule afterwards including being lampooned on Saturday Night Live . Stockdale often seemed confused and disoriented ; at one point he asked that a question be repeated because his hearing aid was not on . At another point when asked about abortion , Stockdale merely said `` What a woman does with her body is her business period '' . However , it should be pointed out that Stockdale only had one week to prepare for the debate and had not discussed any of the issues with Perot beforehand . At one point , when Quayle and Gore were squabbling back and forth , Stockdale said , `` I think you can see why this country is in gridlock '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af4d6c9b2e7a57d1f2af31bd6d7c624c", "text": "United States presidential election in Illinois, 1984 The 1984 United States presidential election in Illinois took place on November 6 , 1984 . All 50 states and the District of Columbia , were part of the 1984 United States presidential election . Illinois voters chose 24 electors to the Electoral College , which selected the President and Vice President of the United States . Illinois was won by incumbent United States President Ronald Reagan of California , who was running against former Vice President Walter Mondale of Minnesota . Reagan ran for a second time with former C.I.A. Director George H. W. Bush of Texas , and Mondale ran with Representative Geraldine Ferraro of New York , the first major female candidate for the Vice-Presidency .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22e88287686edf3a9e26cfe78d757c21", "text": "United States presidential election in Arizona, 2000 The 2000 United States presidential election in Arizona took place on November 7 , 2000 throughout all 50 states and D.C. , which was part of the 2000 United States presidential election . Voters chose 8 representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Arizona was won by Governor George W. Bush by a 6.3 % margin of victory . Ralph Nader received 3 % , as all of the other candidates received a combined 1 % . Pre-election polling showed that Bush had a solid lead of Gore . Bush won all the congressional districts , except Arizona 's 2nd congressional district . The key for Bush 's victory was Maricopa County , which has by far the highest population in the state . Bush made history by winning Greenlee County . This thinly populated working class county , which has been dependent on copper mining as the basis for its economy , had voted Democratic in every election since Arizona achieved statehood from 1912 to 1996 , and now is a Republican stronghold in the 21st century .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "667227e9bc104d26c044a97e62e332d0", "text": "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 1988 The 1988 presidential campaign of Joe Biden , the longtime Democratic United States Senator from Delaware and eventual 47th Vice President of the United States began on June 1987 . He ran for President of the United States in the 1988 United States presidential election . He was considered one of the potentially strongest candidates in the field . However , in September 1987 , newspaper stories stated he had plagiarized a speech by British politician Neil Kinnock . Other allegations of past law school plagiarism and exaggerating his academic record soon followed . Biden withdrew from the race later that month .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8963257c6ec1dae9bb87b152d103b85c", "text": "New Democrats New Democrats , also called Centrist Democrats , Clinton Democrats or Moderate Democrats , are a relatively `` centrist '' ideological faction within the Democratic Party that emerged after the victory of Republican George H. W. Bush in the 1988 presidential election . Describing themselves as `` centrist '' , they are an economically conservative and `` Third Way '' faction which dominated the party for around 20 years , starting in the late 1980s after the US populace turned much further to the political right . They are represented by organizations such as the New Democrat Network and the New Democrat Coalition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c798ee8225f79ab7b53d30338c4c95ad", "text": "United States presidential election, 1992 The United States presidential election of 1992 was the 52nd quadrennial presidential election . It was held on Tuesday , November 3 , 1992 . There were three major candidates : Incumbent Republican President George H. W. Bush , Democratic Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton , and independent Texas businessman Ross Perot . Bush had alienated much of his conservative base by breaking his 1988 campaign pledge against raising taxes . The economy was in recession and Bush 's perceived greatest strength , foreign policy , was regarded as much less important following the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the relatively peaceful climate in the Middle East after the defeat of Iraq in the Gulf War . Clinton won a plurality in the popular vote , and a wide Electoral College margin . The election was a significant realigning election after three consecutive Republican landslides . Northeastern , Upper Midwest , and West Coast states which had previously been competitive began voting reliably Democratic . As of 2016 , this is the most recent election in which an incumbent president was unseated , the previous one having been the 1980 election in which Ronald Reagan unseated then-incumbent Jimmy Carter . Perot 's campaign took 18.9 % of the vote , finishing second in Maine and Utah . This was noted for being the highest vote share of a third-party candidate since 1912 , though he did not obtain any electoral votes . As of 2017 , this is the last time Georgia and Montana voted for the Democratic candidate , and the last time the state of Florida was on the losing end of the presidential election .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ff1a18d053d197b9dc43b5f4b0469ac", "text": "Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection, 1968 This article lists those who were potential candidates for the Republican nomination for Vice President of the United States in the 1968 election . After winning the Republican presidential nomination at the 1968 Republican National Convention , former Vice President Richard Nixon convened a series of meetings with close advisers and party leaders such as Strom Thurmond in order to choose his running mate . Nixon ultimately asked the convention to nominate Maryland Governor Spiro Agnew as his running mate . By a large margin , Agnew won the vice presidential nomination on the first ballot over Michigan Governor George W. Romney , who was supported by a faction of liberal Republicans . Nixon chose Agnew because he wanted a centrist who was broadly acceptable to the party , had experience with domestic issues , and appealed to Southern voters ( to counter the third party candidacy of former Alabama Governor George Wallace ) . The Nixon-Agnew ticket defeated the Humphrey-Muskie ticket , and also won re-election in 1972 , defeating the McGovern-Shriver ticket . However , Agnew was forced to resign as Vice President in 1973 due to a controversy regarding his personal taxes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c25bdf07233bd9033fce25930a442466", "text": "National Security and Homeland Security Presidential Directive The National Security and Homeland Security Presidential Directive ( National Security Presidential Directive NSPD 51/Homeland Security Presidential Directive HSPD-20 , sometimes called simply `` Executive Directive 51 '' for short ) , created and signed by President of the United States George W. Bush on May 4 , 2007 , is a Presidential Directive which claims power to execute procedures for continuity of the federal government in the event of a `` catastrophic emergency '' . Such an emergency is construed as `` any incident , regardless of location , that results in extraordinary levels of mass casualties , damage , or disruption severely affecting the U.S. population , infrastructure , environment , economy , or government functions . '' The unclassified portion of the directive was posted on the White House website on May 9 , 2007 , without any further announcement or press briefings , although Special Assistant to George W. Bush Gordon Johndroe answered several questions on the matter when asked about it by members of the press in early June 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "60f6e66a9147a315313e41b077285689", "text": "Dan Quayle James Danforth `` Dan '' Quayle ( born February 4 , 1947 ) is an American politician and lawyer . He was the 44th Vice President of the United States from 1989 to 1993 under President George H. W. Bush . He was also a U.S. Representative ( 1977 -- 81 ) and U.S. Senator ( 1981 -- 89 ) from the state of Indiana . A native of Indianapolis , Indiana , Quayle spent most of his childhood living in Paradise Valley , Arizona , a suburb of Phoenix . He married Marilyn Tucker in 1972 and obtained his J.D. from the Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law in 1974 . He practiced law in Huntington , Indiana , with his wife before his election to the United States House of Representatives in 1976 , aged 29 . In 1980 Quayle won election to the Senate . In 1988 , Vice President George H. W. Bush , the Republican Party nominee for the presidency , chose Quayle as his vice presidential running mate . The Bush/Quayle ticket won the 1988 election over Democrats Michael Dukakis and Lloyd Bentsen . As vice president , Quayle made official visits to 47 countries and was appointed chairman of the National Space Council . He secured re-nomination for vice-president in 1992 , but Democrat Bill Clinton and his vice presidential running mate , Al Gore , defeated the Bush/Quayle ticket . In 1994 , Quayle published his memoir entitled Standing Firm but declined to run for public office in this time period because he was suffering from phlebitis . He sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2000 , but withdrew and supported George W. Bush . In 2016 , he endorsed Jeb Bush and after that he supported Donald Trump for president . Quayle and his wife reside in Paradise Valley , Arizona . Quayle is the chairman of global investments at Cerberus Capital Management .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c0432c1a093721a057a2051ff77b853", "text": "Presidency of John F. Kennedy The presidency of John F. Kennedy began on January 20 , 1961 , when he was inaugurated as the 35th President of the United States , and ended on November 22 , 1963 , upon his assassination and death , a span of days . A Democrat , he took office following the 1960 presidential election , in which he narrowly defeated Richard Nixon . He was succeeded by Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson . Kennedy was the first person born in the 20th century to be elected president , and , at age 43 , the youngest person elected to the office . He was also the first Roman Catholic elected to the presidency . Kennedy played an important role in bringing American politics into the modern communications age , as his use of television provided a campaign model that spoke to voters directly , and his media presidency greatly weakened the power of political machines in party politics . Kennedy 's time in office was marked by Cold War tensions with the Soviet Union and especially with Cuba . In Cuba , a failed attempt was made in April 1961 at the Bay of Pigs to overthrow the government of Fidel Castro . Kennedy 's administration subsequently rejected plans by the Joint Chiefs of Staff to orchestrate false-flag attacks on American soil in order to gain public approval for a war against Cuba . In October 1962 , it was discovered that Soviet ballistic missiles had been deployed in Cuba ; the resulting period of unease , termed the Cuban Missile Crisis , is seen by many historians as the closest the human race has ever come to nuclear war between nuclear-armed belligerents . To contain Communist expansion in Asia , Kennedy increased the number of American military advisers in South Vietnam by a factor of 18 over his predecessor , Dwight D. Eisenhower ; a further escalation of the American role in the Vietnam War took place after Kennedy 's death . In domestic politics Kennedy made bold proposals in his New Frontier agenda , but few were passed by Congress . He did establish of the Peace Corps , and intensify the Space Race . Kennedy took steps to support the Civil Rights Movement , and after his death his proposed civil rights bill was passed as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "08b7c69449b4d2e59b855591e621860d", "text": "2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup The 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup was the 18th FIFA U-20 World Cup . Colombia hosted the tournament between 29 July and 20 August 2011 , with matches being played in eight cities . The tournament was won by Brazil who claimed their fifth title . At a FIFA Executive Committee meeting held in Sydney on 26 May 2008 , Colombia beat the only other candidate country , Venezuela , for the right to organize the U-20 World Cup . It was suggested by the then-Vice President of Colombia Francisco Santos Calderón that it was needed to withdraw from the race with Brazil to host the 2014 FIFA World Cup so the nation could concentrate on hosting the `` best possible games '' . In an inspection tour of development works in March 2010 , Jack Warner , then the vice president of FIFA , said that the completion of this tournament could provide Colombia with a launch pad to become a possible host for the 2026 World Cup . The official song of the tournament was `` Nuestra Fiesta '' by Colombian singer Jorge Celedón .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "57620d535999cc7eede5cea249b9f773", "text": "2011 Al-Nakba International Football Tournament The 2011 Al-Nakba International Football Tournament is a football competition for national teams u-23 . It was held in Palestine in May 2011 , and featured an appearance by the then-president of FIFA , Sepp Blatter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "563321cd69a9fc5972bd94acb270795a", "text": "Football at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament The men 's football tournament at the 2012 Summer Olympics was held in London and five other cities in Great Britain from 26 July to 11 August . Associations affiliated with FIFA were invited to enter their men 's U-23 teams in regional qualifying competitions , from which 15 teams , plus the hosts Great Britain , reached the final tournament . Men 's teams were allowed to augment their squads with three players over the age of 23 . It was the first major FIFA-organised men 's tournament to be held within the United Kingdom since the 1966 FIFA World Cup and was the first men 's Olympic football tournament to feature a team representing Great Britain since the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome . The gold medal was won by Mexico who defeated Brazil 2 -- 1 in the final .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c8688ea56d8d8a55d941ff526feb5807", "text": "1996 CONCACAF U-20 Tournament The 1996 CONCACAF U-20 Tournament was a football tournament that was played on April 1996 in Mexico . It determined the four CONCACAF teams that participated at the 1997 FIFA World Youth Championship .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "83712ec82722a13db0b1fb061beb1b34", "text": "2011 AFC Asian Cup squads This article lists the confirmed national football squads for the 2011 AFC Asian Cup tournament held in Qatar between 7 January and 29 January 2011 . Before announcing their final squad , several teams named a provisional squad of 23 to 30 players , but each country 's final squad of 23 players had to be submitted by 28 December 2010 . Replacement of injured players was permitted until 6 hours before the team 's first Asian Cup game . Players marked ( c ) were named as captain for their national squad . Number of caps counts until the start of the tournament , including all pre-tournament friendlies . Player 's age is their age on the opening day of the tournament .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0b752b628e083b3fb1aeedba262e5e3", "text": "2011 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship The UEFA Women 's U-19 Championship 2011 Final Tournament was held in Italy between 30 May and 11 June 2011 . Players born after 1 January 1992 were eligible to participate in this competition . As the final tournament took place in an odd year this tournament serves as the European qualifying tournament for the 2012 FIFA U-20 Women 's World Cup . defeated in the final 8 − 1 to win their sixth title .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "60732e96e092160b9bc19e6398055ac7", "text": "2011 Junior Club World Cup The 2011 Junior Club World Cup was the 1st Junior Club World Cup , an annual international ice hockey tournament . It took place between 30 August -- 3 September 2011 in Omsk , Russia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b81e7264fbeae4afbb233493f1bec267", "text": "2015 AFC U-19 Women's Championship qualification The 2015 AFC U-19 Women 's Championship qualification was a women 's under-19 football competition which decided the participating teams of the 2015 AFC U-19 Women 's Championship . Players born between 1 January 1996 and 31 December 2000 were eligible to compete in the tournament . A total of eight teams qualified to play in the final tournament , including South Korea , North Korea , China PR ( hosts ) , and Japan , who qualified directly as the top four finishers of the 2013 AFC U-19 Women 's Championship . The top three teams of the final tournament qualified for the 2016 FIFA U-20 Women 's World Cup in Papua New Guinea .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14ba28c1e2239d8c0b01aa9aa33baf45", "text": "UNAF U-20 Tournament The UNAF U-20 Tournament is a football ( soccer ) tournament held between nations who are members of the UNAF association , however some other teams which are not members are invited .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e8ae6524482016583406513032ca2f0", "text": "2003 South American U-20 Championship The 2003 South American Youth Championship ( Sudamericana sub-20 ) is a football competition contested by all ten U-20 national football teams of CONMEBOL . The tournament was held in Uruguay between 4 January and 28 January 2003 , it was the 21st time the competition has been held and the second to take place in Uruguay . Argentina won their fourth trophy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "79a5af35d5e13d189eba68498433804b", "text": "Nepal national under-20 football team The Nepal national football team is the national under-20 team of Nepal that represents the Nepal in international football competitions in the FIFA U-20 World Cup qualifiers and the AFC Youth Championship , as well as any other under-20 international football tournaments . The team is governed by the All Nepal Football Association and is a member of the Asian Football Confederation ( AFC ) . The youth side play their home games at Dasarath Rangasala Stadium located at Tripureswhor in Kathmandu alongside the senior team .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90a86e787a5094297dd9fc7461dcc68d", "text": "Slovakia at the FIFA World Cup This is a record of Slovakia 's results at the FIFA World Cup . The FIFA World Cup , sometimes called the Football World Cup or the Soccer World Cup , but usually referred to simply as the World Cup , is an international association football competition contested by the men 's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Football Association ( FIFA ) , the sport 's global governing body . The championship has been awarded every four years since the first tournament in 1930 , except in 1942 and 1946 , due to World War II . The tournament consists of two parts , the qualification phase and the final phase ( officially called the World Cup Finals ) . The qualification phase , which currently take place over the three years preceding the Finals , is used to determine which teams qualify for the Finals . The current format of the Finals involves 32 teams competing for the title , at venues within the host nation ( or nations ) over a period of about a month . The World Cup Finals is the most widely viewed sporting event in the world , with an estimated 715.1 million people watching the 2006 tournament final . Slovakia have appeared in the finals of the FIFA World Cup on one occasion in 2010 where they reached the second round .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b4c1e84da2a79f7c57713c0cca2b28b4", "text": "CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship The CONCACAF Women 's Under-20 tournament is a football ( soccer ) competition for women 's national teams under 20 years in North America , Central America and Caribbean region , and is the qualification tournament for the FIFA U-20 Women 's World Cup . Originally contested as an under-19 event in conjunction with FIFA 's standards in 2002 and 2004 , the CONCACAF U-20 Women 's Championship is staged every two years with three teams qualifying for the biennial World Cup , except in 2002 where only the group stage was played and the two first-place finishers qualified directly to the youth world cup . CONCACAF 's championship is an eight-team event with the three nations from North America , joined by three from the Caribbean and two from Central America .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c1b9c9ce59645ae3fc415ca3f09f6c8", "text": "2011 World Youth Baseball Championship The 2011 World Youth Baseball Championship was an under-16 international baseball competition held in Lagos de Moreno , Mexico from August 19 to August 28 , 2011 . This event is considered a test event for the 2011 Pan American Games baseball event .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48275e3bd3f1f174c54dbd7781324112", "text": "2011 Commonwealth of Independent States Cup The 19th Commonwealth of Independent States Cup was the nineteenth edition of the competition between the champions of former republics of Soviet Union . It took place in Saint Petersburg between 15 and 23 January 2011 and was won by Inter Baku . This was the last edition of the Cup as a club tournament , before the format was changed to a youth national teams event in 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df1954422266652edfdcfcba288819a2", "text": "2013 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification The 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification was a series of parallel association football competitions held over 2011 and 2012 to decide the qualifiers for 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Championship , to be held in Israel . The draw for the qualifying rounds was held on 3 February 2011 in Nyon , with matches played between March 2011 and September 2012 . There were ten groups . Two of these groups had six teams ; the remaining eight groups consisted of five teams . Group competition was a double round robin : each team hosted a game with every other team in its group . At the conclusion of qualifying , the team at the top of each group and four best second-placed teams qualified for the two-legged play-offs scheduled in October 2012 , with the winner of each play-off tie qualifying for the finals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "095c0748fe812935fe90035faee90c9a", "text": "National team appearances in the FIFA U-20 World Cup This article lists the performances of each of the national teams which have made at least one appearance in the FIFA U-20 World Cup finals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d56c23febe23e59ca10d3e3c17a82a81", "text": "2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup squads This article lists the squads for the 2016 FIFA U-20 Women 's World Cup , held in Papua New Guinea . Each competing federation was allowed a 21-player squad , which had to be submitted to FIFA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3bd46c2dda7af912a0f48683e14f7fb5", "text": "2011 Copa América Final The 2011 Copa América Final was the final match of the 2011 Copa América , an international football tournament that was played in Argentina from 1 to 24 July 2011 . The match was played on 24 July at Estadio Monumental Antonio Vespucio Liberti in Buenos Aires , between Uruguay and Paraguay . Uruguay won the match 3 -- 0 to earn their 15th Copa América ; Paraguay , as the tournament runner-up , earned the Copa Bolivia . With the win , Uruguay earned the right to represent CONMEBOL in the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup in Brazil .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f6421984ff4e84ead663f14f5d2b690", "text": "Honduras national under-20 football team The Honduras national Under-20 football team is the national U-20 team of Honduras . The U-20 team is currently coached by Javier Padilla . They have made five FIFA U-20 World Cup appearances .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bfc72b8c87a17512ab0f9509e041d725", "text": "2011 World Interuniversity Games The 2011 World Interuniversity Games were the 13th edition of the Games ( organised by IFIUS , and were held in Amsterdam , the Netherlands , from October 10 to October 14 , 2011 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "33fb247a793b1eef36094d540db83852", "text": "Texas Longhorns men's basketball The Texas Longhorns men 's basketball team '' ' represents The University of Texas at Austin in NCAA Division I intercollegiate men 's basketball competition . The Longhorns currently compete in the Big 12 Conference . The University of Texas began varsity intercollegiate competition in men 's basketball in 1906 . The Longhorns rank 17th in total victories among all NCAA Division I college basketball programs and 25th in all-time win percentage among programs with at least 50 years in Division I , with an all-time win-loss record of 1750 -- 1054 . Among Big 12 Conference men 's basketball programs , Texas is second only to Kansas in both all-time wins and all-time win percentage . The Longhorns have won 27 total conference championships in men 's basketball and have made 33 total appearances in the NCAA Tournament ( 11th-most appearances all time , with a 35 -- 36 overall record ) , reaching the NCAA Final Four three times ( 1943 , 1947 , 2003 ) and the NCAA Regional Finals ( Elite Eight ) seven times . As of March 21 , 2017 , Texas ranks fifth among all Division I men 's basketball programs for total NCAA Tournament games won without having won the national championship ( 35 ) , trailing Purdue ( 36 ) , Notre Dame ( 38 ) , Illinois ( 40 ) , and Oklahoma ( 41 ) . The Texas basketball program experienced substantial success during the early decades of its existence , but its success in the modern era is of relatively recent vintage . After two losing seasons during the program 's first five years , Texas suffered only one losing season from 1912 to 1950 , achieving a winning percentage of .703 during that span , reaching two Final Fours and one Elite Eight during the first decade of the NCAA Tournament , and receiving retroactive recognition as the 1933 national champion from the Premo-Porretta Power Poll ; from 1951 to 1988 , the Longhorns finished with losing records 14 times , recorded a winning percentage of .522 , and participated in the expanded Tournament only five times . Texas achieved some measures of national recognition during the tenures of head coaches Abe Lemons ( 1976 -- 82 ) and Tom Penders ( 1988 -- 98 ) , but the program rose to its highest level of prominence under the direction of former head coach Rick Barnes ( 1998 -- 2015 ) . Barnes guided Texas to 16 NCAA Tournament appearances in his 17 seasons with the program , including a school-record fourteen consecutive appearances ( 1999 -- 2012 ) , as well as fifteen 20-win seasons overall and a school-best thirteen consecutive 20-win seasons ( 2000 -- 12 ) . Since 1977 , the team has played its home games in the Frank Erwin Special Events Center , where it has compiled a record of 487 -- 119 as of March 7 , 2017 . The team is currently led by second-year head coach Shaka Smart .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "df464721ef6edea56eb6e49b35828fb6", "text": "Darrell Royal Darrell K Royal ( July 6 , 1924 -- November 7 , 2012 ) was an American football player and coach . He served as the head coach at Mississippi State University ( 1954 -- 1955 ) , the University of Washington ( 1956 ) , and the University of Texas at Austin ( 1957 -- 1976 ) , compiling a career college football record of 184 -- 60 -- 5 . In his 20 seasons at Texas , Royal 's teams won three national championships ( 1963 , 1969 , and 1970 ) , 11 Southwest Conference titles , and amassed a record of 167 -- 47 -- 5 . He won more games than any other coach in Texas Longhorns football history . Royal also coached the Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League ( CFL ) for one season in 1953 . He never had a losing season as a head coach for his entire career . Royal played football at the University of Oklahoma from 1946 to 1949 . He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1983 . Darrell K Royal -- Texas Memorial Stadium in Austin , Texas , where the Longhorns play their home games , was renamed in his honor in 1996 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34553742967c513cf99841c2e30ecd78", "text": "Wichita State Shockers baseball The Wichita State Shockers baseball team represents Wichita State University in the sport of baseball . The Wichita State Shockers compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletics Association ( NCAA ) and in the Missouri Valley Conference . The Shockers have made the College World Series seven times , winning the national championship in 1989 . Wichita State has the fourth highest winning percentage in NCAA Division I baseball history , trailing only Texas , Florida State , and Miami ( FL ) . The Shockers will begin play in the American Athletic Conference during their 2018 season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bab590a33c725fdf182b0023ea0997d8", "text": "List of Texas League champions The Texas League of Minor League Baseball is one of three Double-A baseball leagues in the United States . The circuit was founded in 1888 and ran through 1892 . After two years of dormancy , it was revived as the Texas Association in 1895 , the Texas-Southern League in 1896 , and the Texas League from 1897 to 1899 . With the exception of three years during World War II ( 1943 -- 1945 ) , the Texas League has been in continual operation since 1902 . A league champion is determined at the end of each season . Champions have been determined by post-season playoffs , winning the regular season pennant , or being declared champion by the league office . From 1952 to 1964 , the league recognized both a pennant winner and a playoff winner ; they were declared co-champions . Currently , the first-half and second-half winners within each division ( North and South ) meet in a best-of-five series to determine division champions . Then , the North and South Division winners play a best-of-five series to determine a league champion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf455ee88ed3481172d8058df8aeea1f", "text": "Southwest Division (NBA) The Southwest Division is one of the three divisions in the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . The division is located in the South Central United States and consists of five teams , the Dallas Mavericks , the Houston Rockets , the Memphis Grizzlies , the New Orleans Pelicans and the San Antonio Spurs . Three of the teams , the Mavericks , Rockets , and Spurs , are based in Texas . The division was created at the start of the 2004 -- 05 season , when the league expanded from 29 to 30 teams with the addition of the Charlotte Bobcats . The league realigned itself into three divisions in each conference . The Southwest Division began with five inaugural members , the Mavericks , the Rockets , the Grizzlies , the Hornets ( now Pelicans ) and the Spurs . The Mavericks , the Rockets , the Grizzlies and the Spurs joined from the now-defunct Midwest Division , while the Pelicans joined from the Central Division . The Spurs have won the most Southwest Division titles with eight . The Mavericks have won two titles and the Pelicans and Rockets have won one title each . The Grizzlies have never won the Southwest Division title . Four NBA champions came from the Southwest Division . The Spurs won the NBA championship in 2005 , 2007 and 2014 , while the Mavericks won in 2011 . In the 2007 -- 08 season , all four teams that qualified for the playoffs each had more than 50 wins . In the 2010 -- 11 season and the 2014 -- 15 season , all teams in the division had winning percentages above 0.500 ( 50 % ) . In the 2014 -- 15 season , the Southwest Division saw every one of its teams making the playoffs , a feat achieved only twice in the last 30 years . The most recent division champion is the San Antonio Spurs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90c4c165d08ac1bf67da381a23a23d43", "text": "List of Oklahoma Sooners men's basketball conference championships Since the late 1920s , the University of Oklahoma Sooners have been a basketball program that has won numerous conference championships . Below is a list of all conference titles . Category : Oklahoma Sooners men 's basketball", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32d6b488729701e7b53fc68263816a03", "text": "Three-peat Three-peat is a term used primarily in American sports to refer to winning three consecutive championships . The term , a portmanteau of the words three and repeat , originated with the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association , during their unsuccessful campaign for a third consecutive championship during the 1988 -- 89 season , having won the previous 2 NBA Finals in 1987 and 1988 against the Boston Celtics and Detroit Pistons , but were swept by the Pistons in the 1989 NBA Finals . The term is a registered trademark owned by Hardo Beers , the Lakers ' Hardo strength coach from 1981 -- 1990 , although it was coined by L.A. player Byron Scott immediately after their victorious championship defense against the Detroit Pistons in the 1988 NBA Finals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a2489f450d92930a1bd1a90c51f9ecc", "text": "NCAA Women's Division II Tennis Championship The NCAA Division II Women 's Tennis Championship is the National Collegiate Athletic Association 's tennis tournament to determine the Team Championships , Singles Championships , and Doubles Championships for women 's tennis athletes from Division II institutions . Tennis was one of twelve women 's sports added to the NCAA championship program for the 1981-82 school year , as the NCAA engaged in battle with the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women for sole governance of women 's collegiate sports . The AIAW continued to conduct its established championship program in the same twelve ( and other ) sports ; however , after a year of dual women 's championships , the NCAA conquered the AIAW and usurped its authority and membership . From its establishment in 1982 until 1994 , the championship consisted of three championships : singles , doubles , and team . However , the singles and doubles titles were discontinued after 1994 and have not been reestablished . Armstrong State is the most successful program , with eight national titles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a3d969775f0c99af3a083340a61c9f2f", "text": "Eastern Conference (NBA) The Eastern Conference of the National Basketball Association is made up of 15 teams , organized in three divisions . The three division winners and the non-division winner with the best record are seeded 1 through 4 for the playoffs in order of their records , with all remaining non-division winners seeded 5 through 8 . This leaves open the possibility that a # 2 or # 3 seed could be a non-division winner . Home-court advantage in a playoff series is decided by record , not by seeding , so if the # 4 and # 5 teams meet in a playoff series in which the # 5 team has the better record , the # 5 team would have home-court advantage . The reasoning behind this seeding arrangement is that a non-division winner could have a better record than the winners of the two divisions other than the non-division winning team in question . If the three division winners were seeded 1 through 3 for the playoffs in order of their records , and all non-division winners seeded 4 through 8 , it would be possible for the two best teams of the conference to meet in the Conference Semifinals . This actually happened in the 2006 NBA Playoffs when the two best teams in the Western Conference , the San Antonio Spurs and the Dallas Mavericks , both from the Southwest Division , faced one another in the Western Conference Semifinals while the 3rd seed , the Northwest Division-leading Denver Nuggets , had fewer wins than the 4th , 5th , 6th , and 7th seeds.The NBA proposed and approved of the current format to ensure that the best two teams of a conference can meet no earlier than the Conference Finals . The Eastern Conference playoffs are divided into two preliminary rounds followed by the Eastern Conference Finals , with the winner of the Conference Championship facing the Western Conference champion in the NBA Finals to determine the champion . All playoff series are best-of-seven . The current divisional alignment was adopted at the start of the 2004 -- 05 season , when the now Charlotte Hornets began play as the NBA 's 30th franchise . This necessitated the move of the New Orleans Pelicans from the Eastern Conference 's Central Division to the newly created Southwest Division of the Western Conference", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a21086f4e99b1180e066a1fe0319af6b", "text": "List of Texas Longhorns in the NBA This is a list of Texas Longhorns men 's basketball players who played at least one game in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c54ece8ba4f3935ef8ce76ad5581969a", "text": "2015–16 Texas–Rio Grande Valley Vaqueros men's basketball team The 2015 -- 16 UTRGV Vaqueros men 's basketball team represented the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley during the 2015 -- 16 NCAA Division I men 's basketball season . This was head coach Dan Hipsher 's third season with the UTRGV program , although his first under the `` UTRGV '' name . The Vaqueros played their home games at the UTRGV Fieldhouse on the university 's campus in Edinburg , Texas and were members of the Western Athletic Conference . They finished the season 8 -- 22 , 4 -- 10 in WAC play to finish in a tie for sixth place . They lost in the quarterfinals of the WAC Tournament to Seattle . This was the first season as an institution for UTRGV , which was formed in a consolidation between University of Texas-Pan American ( UTPA ) and the University of Texas at Brownsville . The former UTPA athletic program was converted to that of UTRGV , with UTPA 's conference membership and athletic history transferring directly to the new institution . On March 15 , 2016 , the school removed Dan Hipsher as head coach . On March 31 , the shool hired Lew Hill as head coach .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b48c4d976c3fcaa88a77fdebb28eb9ee", "text": "Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball under Gene Gibson Gene Gibson coached the Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball teams from 1961 to 1969 and the third-most conference victories in Tech 's history . In Gibson 's eight seasons at Texas Tech , he compiled a 101 -- 91 record won two conference co-championships and earned one NCAA tournament bid .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5527f8d264e27c14d80855b306bde28a", "text": "Texas–Arlington Mavericks women's volleyball The Texas -- Arlington Mavericks volleyball team , historically one of the most nationally prominent teams on campus , is an NCAA Division I college volleyball team competing in the Sun Belt Conference . Home games are played at College Park Center , located on University of Texas at Arlington 's campus in Arlington . The team has appeared in eight AIAW National Tournaments , eight NCAA Tournaments and one National Invitational Volleyball Championship Tournament , collecting 12 regular seasons titles and ten conference tournament titles along the way .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c725c88535b66356bffd15b507aa2d32", "text": "Texas Tech Lady Raiders basketball The Texas Tech Lady Raiders basketball team represents Texas Tech University and competes in the Big 12 Conference of NCAA Division I. Candace Whitaker , a former player for the Lady Raiders , was named head coach in 2013 . In her inaugural season in 2013 -- 14 , the team finished winless in league play with a conference mark of 0 -- 18 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3c87dc1d6b0c02c90b7e27a6490bf2a3", "text": "1980 NCAA Division I Basketball Tournament The 1980 NCAA Division I Basketball Tournament involved 48 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men 's NCAA Division I college basketball . It began on March 6 , 1980 , and ended with the championship game on March 24 at Market Square Arena in Indianapolis , Indiana . A total of 48 games were played , including a national third place game . Louisville , coached by Denny Crum , won the national title with a 59 -- 54 victory in the final game over UCLA , coached by Larry Brown . Darrell Griffith of Louisville was named the tournament 's Most Outstanding Player . Structurally speaking , this was the first tournament of the modern era . For the first time : An unlimited number of at-large teams could come from any conference . ( From 1975 to 1979 , conferences were only allowed one at-large entry . ) The bracket was seeded to make each region as evenly competitive as possible . ( Previously , geographic considerations had trumped this . ) All teams were seeded solely based on the subjective judgment of the committee . ( In 1979 , seeding was also partially based on the prior performance of a conference winner 's conference . ) In the second year the tournament field was seeded , no number one seed reached the Final Four . This would not happen again until 2006 and also occurred in 2011 . UCLA would later forfeit its place in the standings after players representing the school were declared ineligible by the NCAA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bdb3c5962a192c704e2b3568180db0b7", "text": "Texas A&M University System The Texas A&M University System is a state university system in Texas and is one of the state 's six independent university systems . The Texas A&M University System is one of the largest university systems in the United States , with a statewide network of 11 universities , seven state agencies , two service units and a comprehensive health science center . A&M System members educate more than 140,000 students and reach another 22 million people through service each year . With more than 26,000 faculty and staff , the A&M System has a physical presence in 250 of the state 's 254 counties and a programmatic presence in every one . System-wide , externally funded research expenditures exceed $ 972 million . The System 's flagship institution is Texas A&M University in College Station .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a874c5216728ed90813a2cd89898715a", "text": "Texas A&M Aggies women's basketball The Texas A&M Aggies women 's basketball team represents Texas A&M University in NCAA Division I women 's basketball . The team has been coached by Gary Blair since 2003 . The Aggies play home games at Reed Arena , a 12,989-capacity arena in College Station , Texas on the campus of Texas A&M . The Aggies were the 2011 NCAA Division I national champions . They beat the Notre Dame Fighting Irish 76 -- 70 . They have appeared in the NCAA Tournament ten times and garnered five conference championships .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aafe8c30ebc894f202927f6491693093", "text": "Big 12 Conference The Big 12 Conference is a ten-school collegiate athletic conference headquartered in Irving , Texas . It is a member of the NCAA 's Division I for all sports , except hockey and men 's soccer ; its football teams compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision ( FBS ; formerly Division I-A ) , the higher of two levels of NCAA Division I football competition . Its ten members , located in Iowa , Kansas , Oklahoma , Texas , and West Virginia , include eight public and two private Christian schools . Additionally , the Big 12 has ten affiliate members , six for the sport of wrestling , one for women 's gymnastics , and 3 for women 's rowing . The Big 12 Conference is a 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) nonprofit organization incorporated in Delaware . The Big 12 was formerly composed of 12 schools , hence its name : it was formed in 1996 when four schools from the collapsing Southwest Conference ( Texas , Texas A&M , Texas Tech and Baylor ) joined with the pre-existing Big Eight Conference . Oklahoma and Oklahoma State were grouped with the four newcomers in the `` Big 12 South '' , while the remaining 6 teams of the Big 8 ( Kansas , Kansas State , Colorado , Nebraska , Missouri and Iowa State ) formed the `` Big 12 North '' . The conference 's current 10-campus makeup resulted from the 2010 -- 13 Big 12 Conference realignment , in which Nebraska joined the Big Ten Conference , Colorado joined the Pac-12 , and Missouri and Texas A&M joined the Southeastern Conference . TCU and West Virginia joined from the Mountain West and Big East Conferences respectively to offset two of the departing schools , bringing the conference to its current strength . The Big 12 Conference , like others involved in the realignment , has kept its name primarily for marketing purposes ; the conference has high name recognition and remains one of the Power Five conferences which are considered the primary contenders to produce a College Football Playoff champion team in any given year . Attempts to rename the Big 12 to reflect its current strength would lead to confusion with the current Big Ten Conference ( which currently has 14 teams ) . The Big 12 Conference commissioner is Bob Bowlsby .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "578cb6524e2367f1a7d7866fd9164b18", "text": "San Francisco Dons men's basketball The San Francisco Dons men 's basketball team represents the University of San Francisco in NCAA Division I men 's college basketball . The Dons compete in the West Coast Conference , in which they have the winningest program , and have won sixteen regular season championships and one conference tournament championship . The current head coach is Kyle Smith . They play home games at the War Memorial Gymnasium , which also serves as the venue for women 's basketball , volleyball , athletic department offices , and athletic training rooms . The basketball team has won three national titles : the 1949 NIT under Pete Newell , and the 1955 and 1956 NCAA championships . The latter two were under Phil Woolpert , and led by player and National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Famer Bill Russell . USF retained its status as a basketball powerhouse into the 1970s and early 1980s , holding the distinction of being a `` major '' program in a `` mid-major '' conference ( the WCC having declined somewhat in stature since the 1960s ) . It held the number one spot in the polls on numerous occasions . In 1977 , led by All-American center Bill Cartwright , the Dons went 29 -- 0 and were regarded as the # 1 team in the nation in both major polls before dropping their last two games . The San Francisco Dons men 's basketball program has been rated the 29th `` Greatest College Basketball Program of All-Time '' by Street & Smith 's magazine , 49th by NBC Sports `` Greatest Programs of All-Time '' , and 75th by the ESPN/Sagarin All-Time College Basketball Rankings , higher in all three rankings than any other West Coast Conference school and many schools from BCS Conferences ( Pac-12 , Big Ten , Big 12 , Big East , Southeastern Conference ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "61ade84992da261c58697cf304d6ca3e", "text": "1984 Texas Longhorns baseball team The 1984 Texas Longhorns baseball team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 1984 NCAA Division I baseball season . The Longhorns played their home games at Disch -- Falk Field . The team was coached by Cliff Gustafson in his 17th season at Texas . The Longhorns reached the College World Series final , but were eliminated by Cal State Fullerton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d88df41efbfa7abb718ff9ea59d5c2a", "text": "Jack Gray (basketball) Jack Gray ( May 12 , 1911 -- March 7 , 1992 ) , was an American college basketball player and coach . Gray played for the Texas Longhorns men 's basketball team from 1933 to 1935 . As a player , he set a Southwest Conference record with 32 points in 1933 which stood for sixteen years . Gray was a First-Team All-American guard in 1935 and was All-SWC all three years of his varsity career . He was known for his one-handed `` push '' shot , a precursor of the jump shot . With one year of coaching experience took over the coaching job at age 25 . In his first six years as coach beginning in 1937 , he led the Longhorns to five winning seasons and led the Longhorns to their first Elite Eight in the first NCAA Tournament in 1939 . After returning from World War II , Gray led the Longhorns to their first Final Four in the 1947 NCAA Tournament . He coached Basketball Hall of Famer Slater Martin from 1944 to 1949 . Gray got his team in the National Invitation Tournament in 1948 , their first AP Poll ranking ( # 20 in 1949 ) . He ranks third all-time in Longhorns basketball history in wins with 194 victories to 97 losses , and also had a final Southwest Conference record of 89-55 . He was head coach for 12 years , which as of 2011 , ranked as the second-longest basketball coaching term at University of Texas . </div>", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "77515f46dbee14943c3c743ea934aa34", "text": "Northeast megalopolis The Northeast megalopolis ( also Boston -- Washington Corridor or Bos-Wash Corridor ) is the most heavily urbanized region of the United States , running primarily northeast to southwest from the northern suburbs of Boston , Massachusetts , to the southern suburbs of Washington , D.C. , in Northern Virginia . It includes the major cities of Boston , Providence , Hartford , New York City , Philadelphia , Baltimore , and Washington , D.C. , along with their metropolitan areas and suburbs as well as many smaller urban centers . On a map , the Northeast megalopolis appears almost as a straight line . As of the year 2000 , the region contained 49.6 million people , about 17 % of the U.S. population on less than 2 % of the nation 's land area , with a population density of 931.3 people per square mile ( 359.6 people/km2 ) , compared to the U.S. average of 80.5 per square mile 2 ( 31 people/km2 ) . America 2050 projections expect the area to grow to 58.1 million people by 2025 . French geographer Jean Gottmann popularized the term in his landmark 1961 study of the region , Megalopolis : The Urbanized Northeastern Seaboard of the United States . Gottmann concluded that the region 's cities , while discrete and independent , are uniquely tied to each other through the intermeshing of their suburban zones , taking on some characteristics of a single , massive city : a megalopolis .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "167eba3bd1ed2e72df0649982a6d5af2", "text": "Interstate 476 Interstate 476 ( I-476 ) is a 132.1 mi auxiliary Interstate Highway in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania designated between Interstate 95 near Chester and Interstate 81 near Scranton , serving as the primary north -- south Interstate corridor through eastern Pennsylvania . It consists of both the 20 mi Mid-County Expressway , locally referred to as the `` Blue Route '' ( although no signs exist with that designation ) , through the suburban Philadelphia-area counties of Delaware and Montgomery , and the 110.6 mi Northeast Extension of the Pennsylvania Turnpike connecting the Philadelphia metropolitan area with the Lehigh Valley , the Poconos , and the Wyoming Valley . The Blue Route passes through suburban areas , while the Northeast Extension predominantly runs through rural areas of mountains and farmland , with development closer to Philadelphia and in the Lehigh Valley and the Wyoming Valley . I-476 intersects many major roads including Interstate 76 ( the Schuylkill Expressway ) in West Conshohocken , Interstate 276 ( the Pennsylvania Turnpike ) in Plymouth Meeting , U.S. Route 22 near Allentown , and Interstate 80 near Hickory Run State Park . While proposed as early as 1929 , the construction of the Mid-County Expressway did not begin until 1967 and was not completed until 1992 due to massive community and environmental opposition during the freeway revolts of the 1960s and 1970s , leading The Philadelphia Inquirer to dub it `` the most costly , most bitterly opposed highway in Pennsylvania history . '' In order to get the route through Delaware County , it was built with many environmental compromises such as a parkway design and four lanes south of the Pennsylvania Route 3 interchange . The Mid-County Expressway received its `` Blue Route '' nickname from the chosen route through Delaware County on planning maps on which it was differentiated from the other proposed routes by its color . Following the completion of the Mid-County Expressway , in 1996 the Interstate 476 designation was extended to include the entire length of the existing Northeast Extension , replacing PA 9 . The Northeast Extension was built between 1955 and 1957 and was originally projected to continue past Clarks Summit to the New York border ; however , I-81 was built between these two points instead . Since the extension , I-476 has been the longest auxiliary Interstate Highway in the United States ( surpassing Interstate 495 in Massachusetts ) , but it may someday be surpassed in length by Interstate 369 in Texas . In fact , it is longer than some mainline interstates ( such as Interstate 83 in Maryland and Pennsylvania , Interstate 99 in Pennsylvania , Interstate 12 in Louisiana , Interstate 19 in Arizona , Interstate 97 in Maryland , and Interstate 2 in Texas ) . Additionally , its numbering is unusual , since auxiliary interstates beginning in even numbers are typically bypasses or loops rather than spurs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a83a6f42d67e68ee60ad8c61949ef43", "text": "Ivy City Ivy City is a small neighborhood in Northeast Washington , D.C. , in the United States . About half the neighborhood is industrial or formerly industrial , dominated by warehouses . The Ivy City Yard , a railroad coach yard and maintenance facility for the passenger railroad Amtrak , is situated northwest across New York Avenue NE . Ivy City was laid out as a suburban development for African Americans in 1873 . Development was slow . From 1879 to 1901 , the neighborhood hosted the Ivy City Racetrack , a major horse racing facility in the District of Columbia . Construction on the rail yard began in 1907 and was complete within a year , although much of the facilities there were demolished in 1953 and 1954 as railroads switched from coal-fired locomotives to diesel-fueled or electric engines . The Alexander Crummell School , a major focal point of the community , opened in 1911 . After some years of enrollment decline , it closed in 1972 but has not been demolished . The area has undergone some gentrification in the 21st century , although people living in the residential core of Ivy City remain very poor and unemployment is high .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "900ae894ee3e832df2399de4049c63c6", "text": "Crime in Washington, D.C. Crime in Washington , D.C. , is directly related to the city 's changing demographics , geography , and unique criminal justice system . The District 's population reached a peak of 982,178 in 1950 . However , shortly thereafter , the city began losing residents and by 1980 Washington had lost one-quarter of its population . The population loss to the suburbs also created a new demographic pattern , which divided affluent neighborhoods west of Rock Creek Park from more crime-ridden and blighted areas to the east . Despite being the headquarters of multiple federal law enforcement agencies , such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) and United States Drug Enforcement Administration ( DEA ) , the nationwide crack epidemic of the 1980s and 1990s greatly affected the city and led to large increases in crime . The number of homicides in Washington peaked in 1991 at 897 ( a rate of nearly 60.8 homicides per 100,000 residents ) , and the city eventually became known as the `` murder capital '' of the United States . The crime rate started to fall in the mid-1990s as the crack cocaine epidemic gave way to economic revitalization projects . Gentrification efforts have also started to transform the demographics of distressed neighborhoods , recently leading to the first rise in the District 's population in 60 years . By the mid-2000s , crime rates in Washington dropped to their lowest levels in over 20 years . As in many major cities , crime remains a significant factor in D.C. , especially in the city 's northwestern neighborhoods , which tend to be more affluent , draw more tourists , and have more vibrant nightlife . Violent crime also remains a problem in Ward 8 , which has the city 's highest concentration of poverty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ba017e50845374ac16abdf884b68fd0", "text": "Mason Neck, Virginia Mason Neck is a peninsula jutting into the Potomac River to the south of Washington , D.C. , in the U.S. state of Virginia . It is surrounded by Belmont Bay to the west , the Potomac River to the south and east , Gunston Cove to the northeast , and Pohick Bay to the north-northeast . The census-designated place ( CDP ) of Mason Neck forms the southernmost section of Fairfax County , in northern Virginia , and comprises an area of 51.8 sqkm , two-thirds of which is preserved as parkland by regional , state , and national authorities . The population of the Mason Neck CDP was 2,005 as of the 2010 census .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9cf7aeecda3d24da78b528a24bb0de8b", "text": "List of Maryland area codes The state of Maryland is served by the following area codes : 240/301 , which serve western Maryland , including its suburbs of Washington , D.C. 410/443/667 , which serve eastern Maryland including Baltimore and Annapolis . A new area code 667 activated on March 24 , 2012 for the eastern part of Maryland currently served by area codes 410 and overlay area code 443 and covering cities such as Aberdeen , Baltimore , Ellicott City and Dundalk . The introduction of the new code was decided back in 2001 . Because this part of Maryland has 2 area codes already and , therefore , 10 digit dialing has been mandatory since the introduction of area code 443 in 1997 , no permissive 10 digit dialing will be needed . Area code list * Maryland Area codes", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f97f484b6093650edf0f2f8b03a14bc7", "text": "Statistical area (United States) The United States federal government defines and delineates the nation 's metropolitan areas for statistical purposes , using a set of standard statistical area definitions . As of 2013 , the U.S. Office of Management and Budget ( OMB ) defined and delineated 388 metropolitan statistical areas ( MSAs ) and 541 micropolitan statistical areas ( μSAs ) in the United States and Puerto Rico . Many of these 929 MSAs and μSAs are , in turn , components of larger combined statistical areas ( CSAs ) consisting of adjacent MSAs and μSAs that are linked by commuting ties ; as of 2013 , 524 metropolitan and micropolitan areas are components of the 169 defined CSAs . Metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas are defined as consisting of one or more adjacent counties or county equivalents with at least one urban core area meeting relevant population thresholds , plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of social and economic integration with the core , as measured by commuting ties . A metropolitan statistical area has at least one urban core with a population of at least 50,000 . In a micropolitan statistical area , the largest urban core has a population of at least 10,000 but less than 50,000 . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "265e522b29c492fb85a0a5379f0100ba", "text": "Piedmont Crescent The Piedmont Crescent , also known as the Piedmont Urban Crescent , is a large , polycentric urbanized region in the U.S. state of North Carolina that forms the northern section of the rapidly developing Piedmont Atlantic megalopolis ( or `` megaregion '' ) , a conurbation also known as the `` I-85 Boombelt '' , which extends from the Raleigh area ) to Atlanta , Georgia in the southeastern United States . Residents commonly attribute development of the Crescent communities to the Indian Trading Path and related settlements established by indigenous peoples long before European contact . The Trading Path was also used by European traders , and later by settlers entering the backcountry regions of the piedmont of North Carolina , South Carolina and Georgia . Forming the shape of a crescent in North Carolina , the region is located in the central Piedmont area of the state . European-American settlement progressed generally from the east to the west , from what is now metropolitan Raleigh-Durham and the Research Triangle area at its eastern edge , through the Piedmont Triad cities of Greensboro and Winston-Salem at its center , and southwest to metropolitan Charlotte . This region has undergone sustained population and economic growth ( acutely in the Charlotte and Raleigh areas ) since the late 19th century , a trend that has accelerated since the late 20th century . It is notable as the fourth-largest manufacturing region in the country , as well as an international center of banking and finance , textiles , biotech and high technology . The region includes seven of North Carolina 's eight largest cities and encompasses many smaller cities , towns and suburban areas , as well as the metropolitan centers of the Research Triangle , Piedmont Triad , and Charlotte Metropolitan Area . It is home to almost two-thirds of North Carolina 's population . Ten major universities -- Duke , NC State , UNC Chapel Hill , UNC Charlotte , NC Central , Wake Forest , UNC-Greensboro , NC A&T State University , Elon University and High Point University -- and three international airports ( CLT , RDU and GSO ) , as well as the world-renowned Research Triangle Park , also are located in the region . Its three Combined Statistical Areas have a total population of about 6 million people ( Raleigh-Durham , 1.98 million ; Greensboro , High Point , Winston-Salem , 1.66 million ; and Charlotte , 2.62 million ) , together representing over 63 % of the state 's total population . The Piedmont Crescent name is thought to have been coined when the North Carolina Railroad company first laid tracks through the area in 1855-56 . The railway , which was named the `` Piedmont Crescent Railroad '' , brought extensive growth to the communities along its route . These evolved to comprise today 's interlinked urbanized region . Although the freight and passenger rail corridor remains of critical importance , the region 's Interstate 85 and Interstate 40 freeway system serves as its primary transportation link today .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62bad8984dfdfc02b442746495d6a773", "text": "Baltimore riot of 1861 The Baltimore riot of 1861 ( also called the `` Pratt Street Riots '' and the `` Pratt Street Massacre '' ) was a civil conflict on Friday , April 19 , 1861 , on Pratt Street , ( beginning at the President Street Station and President Street and continuing ending on Howard Street at the Camden Street Station ) in Baltimore , Maryland , between antiwar `` Copperheads '' Democrats ( the largest party in Maryland ) , as well as Southern / Confederate sympathizers , and members of the primarily Massachusetts and some Pennsylvania state militia regiments en route to the national capital at Washington called up for Federal service . It produced the first deaths by hostile action in the American Civil War and is nicknamed the `` First Bloodshed of the Civil War '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f5da7c402231deab70670aedba00d87", "text": "Outline of Philadelphia The following outline of Philadelphia is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Philadelphia topics on Wikipedia . Philadelphia -- largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania , the second largest city on the East Coast of the United States , and the fifth-most-populous city in the United States . It is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers , and it is the only consolidated city-county in Pennsylvania . As of the , the city had a population of 1,526,006 , growing to 1,547,607 in 2012 by Census estimates . Philadelphia is the economic and cultural center of the , home to over 6 million people and the country 's sixth-largest metropolitan area .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1324503cd8b963dafc63b698e9397d4a", "text": "District of Columbia statistical areas The statistical areas of the United States of America comprise the metropolitan statistical areas ( MSAs ) , the micropolitan statistical areas ( μSAs ) , and the combined statistical areas ( CSAs ) currently defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget ( OMB ) . Most recently on December 1 , 2009 , the Office of Management and Budget defined 1067 statistical areas for the United States , including a combined statistical area and a metropolitan statistical area in the District of Columbia . The district has no counties or other legal subdivisions . The table below shows the recent population of these statistical areas . thumb | 578px | An enlargeable map of the Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia , DC-MD-VA-WV Combined Statistical Area __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bb60045d975eaacb620582d2aa69fd3", "text": "Ethnic groups in Baltimore There have been various ethnic groups in Baltimore , Maryland and its surrounding area since it was founded as a British colony in 1661 . Native Americans lived in the Baltimore territory for millennia before European colonization , and some still reside in the city . Since the first English settlers arrived , substantial immigration from all over Europe , migration of African-Americans from the Deep South , out-migration of White Southerners from Appalachia , and new waves of more recent immigrants from Latin America , the Caribbean , Asia and Africa have added layers of complexity to the workforce and culture of Baltimore , as well as the religious and ethnic fabric of the city .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c539f29a95a48f29315a99331a07753", "text": "Beacon Hill, Seattle Beacon Hill is a hill and neighborhood in southeast Seattle , Washington . The municipal government subdivides it into North Beacon Hill , Mid-Beacon Hill , Holly Park , and South Beacon Hill , though most people who live there simply call it `` Beacon Hill . '' Former home to the world headquarters of Amazon.com and present home to the Seattle Division of the Department of Veterans Affairs ' Puget Sound Health Care System , the hill offers views of downtown , the Industrial District , Elliott Bay , First Hill , Rainier Valley , and , when the weather is good , Mount Rainier and the Olympic Mountains . It is roughly bounded on the west by Interstate 5 , on the north by Interstate 90 , on the east by Rainier Avenue South , Cheasty Boulevard South , and Martin Luther King Junior Way South , and on the south by the Seattle city boundary . It is part of Seattle 's South End . Homes on the northern part of the hill were mostly built in the early 1900s ; thus , North Beacon Hill contains many excellent examples of Craftsman bungalows and Seattle box houses , a local variant of the Foursquare style . The American Planning Association ( APA ) , an organization of `` planners , citizens and elected officials - committed to making great communities happen '' , named Beacon Hill as one of the 30 Great Places in America . The features of Beacon Hill that constitute an APA Great Place include urban design and aesthetics , multi-modal transportation , a variety of uses within the neighborhood , sustainability , community participation and involvement , and memorable character . Beacon Hill was also recognized for having the largest Olmsted-planned green space in Seattle , known as Jefferson Park . The neighborhood is highly treasured by its businesses and residents , and the neighborhood is highly involved in local planning affairs such as open space , public safety , and transportation . The Beacon Hill neighborhood prides itself on many fine foods and restaurants , a highly rated hair salon , the best live music venue , and a place for kids activities , all voted for as some of the `` Best of 2012 '' by Seattle Magazine ( online version not currently available ) . The City of Seattle , in partnership with Beacon BIKES , created the Beacon Hill Family Bicycle and Pedestrian Circulation Plan , a ten-year plan to increase pedestrian bicycle networks serving highly used greenways , intersections , and cycle tracts within the neighborhood as a measure to increase safety for all users . The plan was awarded the 2012 VISION 2040 Award from the Puget Sound Regional Council . Beacon Hill is home to the `` Beacon Rocks ! '' performance series , beginning its 5th season in 2014 on the last Sunday of June , July and August . This event featuring a variety of types of performances is held on the Roberto Maestas Festival Street and produced by Beacon Hill 's neighborhood community arts group `` ROCKiT Community Arts '' . Beacon Hill has recently become known for their Food Forest , a new project that has created neighborhood urban farming west of Jefferson Park . The Beacon Food Forest has gained national attention in the news , receiving recognition from the Associated Press , CBS , Gawker , and HLN , to name a few . A 2012 article in Seattle Weekly stated that Beacon Hill was soon to `` boast the biggest public food forest in the country '' with seven lush acres containing a community park and an edible landscape , including such plantings as walnuts , chestnuts , berry shrubs and vegetables . The idea started with a community-led group that secured $ 22,000 in Neighborhood Matching Funds from the Department of Neighborhoods .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5df2ad7cee56a612ba8f3a11d1694e43", "text": "Metropolitan Subdivision The Metropolitan Subdivision is a railroad line owned and operated by CSX Transportation in the District of Columbia and the U.S. state of Maryland . The line runs from Washington , D.C. northwest to Weverton , Maryland along the former Metropolitan Branch of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad . At its southeast end , north of Union Station , the Metropolitan Subdivision meets the Capital Subdivision ( formerly called the B&O Washington Branch ) and Amtrak 's Northeast Corridor . It meets the Old Main Line Subdivision at Point of Rocks , Maryland , and at its northwest end in Weverton , the line joins the Cumberland Subdivision . MARC Train 's Brunswick Line uses the entire subdivision , as does Amtrak 's Capitol Limited . The Red Line of the Washington Metro shares right-of-way with the subdivision along two separate stretches in Maryland and DC : from the junction with the Capital Subdivision to north of Silver Spring , and from south of Twinbrook to the end of the Red Line at Shady Grove .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4091f49b46e3fdf12d307741e295a856", "text": "Atlantic Northeast The Atlantic Northeast is a region of North America , which includes the US states of Connecticut , Massachusetts , Rhode Island , New Hampshire , Vermont , and Maine , as well as the Canadian Maritimes . The Atlantic Northeast region is noted for its cultural unity , stark climate , landscape of dense forests , and a shared economic history in the exploitation of logging and the regional fishery . Further uniting this area is the `` Gray Zone '' which is an area of land and sea which is claimed by both Canada and the United States . It is located off the coasts of New Brunswick and Maine . The only land within this area are two islands , Machias Seal Island and North Rock . The `` Gray Zone '' is one of four areas between the two countries whose sovereignty is still in dispute , but is the only one of the disputed areas containing land . In 1979 , both countries filed a joint application to the International Court of Justice to avoid having the dispute settled when oceanic boundaries in the area were set for mineral and fishing rights . Canadians have had a continuous presence in the area since 1832 when a lighthouse was built . Since the Atlantic Northeast is such a large region , it is home to many different types of wildlife , sports teams , and geographical locations . The Atlantic Northeast is home to the Boston Celtics , Boston Bruins , New England Patriots , Halifax Hurricanes , Boston Red Sox and many more . It also includes many notable species including the Bald Eagle , Atlantic Salmon , and the Swamp Pink . Lastly , the Atlantic Northeast includes many geographical places of interest including the Northeast Canyons and Seamounts Marine National Monument and Salem , Massachusetts , home of the Salem Witch Trials . Though cross-border connections are widely acknowledged , the area has rarely been given a single name . `` Atlantic Northeast '' is a term that has been used most prominently in discussions of regional folk culture , another name that is used is Atlantica . '' These names are often tied to various proposals for greater economic or political integration of the region", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bfbd9d8af8239f82ada5f6654ed704a", "text": "North Florida North Florida is a region of the U.S. state of Florida , comprising the northern parts of the state . It is one of Florida 's three most common `` directional '' regions , along with South Florida and Central Florida . It includes Jacksonville and nearby localities in Northeast Florida , an interior region known as North Central Florida , and the Florida Panhandle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7efc92d31b8a8f86d803fb0d214ef638", "text": "NFC East The NFC East is a division of the National Football League ( NFL ) 's National Football Conference ( NFC ) . It currently has four members : the Philadelphia Eagles , the New York Giants , the Dallas Cowboys , and the Washington Redskins . The division was formed in 1967 as the National Football League Capitol Division , keeping with the theme of having all of the league 's divisions starting with the letter `` C. '' The division was so named because it was centered on the capital of the United States , Washington , D.C. . In 1967 and 1969 the teams in the NFL Capitol Division were Dallas , Philadelphia , Washington and the expansion New Orleans Saints , which had been replaced by the New York Giants for the 1968 season . Its most recent Super Bowl champions are the New York Giants .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa5539fba090563418b53c361dd9f2bb", "text": "East Harlem East Harlem , also known as Spanish Harlem or El Barrio , is a neighborhood of Upper Manhattan , New York City roughly encompassing the area north of the Upper East Side and East 96th Street up to about the 140s , east of Fifth Avenue to the East and Harlem Rivers . It lies within Manhattan Community District 11 . Despite its name , it is generally not considered to be a part of Harlem . The neighborhood is one of the largest predominantly Latino communities in New York City , mostly made up of Puerto Ricans , as well as sizeable numbers of Dominican , Cuban and Mexican immigrants . It includes the area formerly known as Italian Harlem , in which the remnants of a once predominantly Italian community remain . The Chinese population has increased dramatically in East Harlem since 2000 . East Harlem has historically suffered from many social issues , such as the highest jobless rate in New York City , teenage pregnancy , AIDS , drug abuse , homelessness , and an asthma rate five times the national average . It has the second highest concentration of public housing in the United States , closely following Brownsville , Brooklyn . Police services to the neighborhood are divided between the 23rd and the 25th Precincts . Conversely , East Harlem is notable for its contributions to Latin freestyle and salsa music . However , East Harlem is now undergoing some gentrification . In February 2016 , East Harlem was one of four neighborhoods featured in an article in The New York Times about `` New York 's Next Hot Neighborhoods '' . Beginning in 2016 , the New York City government was seeking to rezone East Harlem `` to facilitate new residential , commercial , community facility , and manufacturing development . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dbcead5f4c5a56349a74edd7a7bad7cf", "text": "St Helena, Baltimore St Helena is the southeasternmost neighborhood in the city of Baltimore , Maryland . St. Helena is a neighborhood within the community of Dundalk . The Baltimore City/Baltimore County boundary line runs through St. Helena . So , St. Helena is located in both Baltimore County and Baltimore City . It has a mix of rowhouses and detached homes . It is divided by railroad tracks from the Point Breeze Industrial Park . Category : East Baltimore Category : Neighborhoods in Baltimore", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d97eca0f540d10f557583382fd8747f5", "text": "Washington Dulles International Airport Washington Dulles International Airport is an international airport in Loudoun and Fairfax counties in Virginia , United States , 26 miles ( 42 km ) west of downtown Washington , D.C. . The airport serves the Baltimore -- Washington metropolitan area , centered on the District of Columbia . The airport is named after John Foster Dulles , the 52nd Secretary of State who served under President Dwight D. Eisenhower . The Dulles main terminal is a well-known landmark designed by Eero Saarinen . Operated by the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority , Dulles Airport occupies 13,000 acres ( 52.6 km2 ) straddling the Loudoun-Fairfax line . Most of the airport is in the unincorporated community of Dulles , in Loudoun County , with a small portion in the unincorporated community of Chantilly in Fairfax County . Dulles is the one of the three major airports in the larger Baltimore -- Washington metropolitan area with more than 21 million passengers a year . Dulles has the most international passenger traffic of any airport in the Mid-Atlantic outside of the New York metropolitan area , including approximately 90 % of the international passenger traffic in the Baltimore-Washington region . On a typical day , more than 60,000 passengers pass through Washington Dulles to and from more than 125 destinations around the world . However , Dulles Airport now ranks behind both Baltimore-Washington International Airport ( BWI ) and Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport ( DCA ) in total annual passenger boardings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce5a86271cb819293d942bd01a7dd8ea", "text": "List of counties in Maryland There are twenty-four counties and county-equivalents in the U.S. state of Maryland . Though an independent city rather than a county , the City of Baltimore is considered the equal of a county for most purposes and is a county-equivalent . Many of the counties in Maryland were named for relatives of the Barons Baltimore who were the proprietors of the Maryland colony from its founding in 1634 through 1771 . The Barons Baltimore were Catholic , and George Calvert , 1st Baron Baltimore , originally intended that the colony be a haven for English Catholics , though for most of its history Maryland has had a majority of Protestants .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "832c780ef36c74e83c4884a4401d524f", "text": "Nikola Tesla Nikola Tesla ( Никола Тесла 10 July 1856 -- 7 January 1943 ) was a Serbian-American inventor , electrical engineer , mechanical engineer , physicist , and futurist who is best known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current ( AC ) electricity supply system . Born and raised in the Austrian Empire , Tesla received an advanced education in engineering and physics in the 1870s and gained practical experience in the early 1880s working in telephony and at Continental Edison in the new electric power industry . He emigrated to the United States in 1884 , where he would become a naturalized citizen . He worked for a short time at the Edison Machine Works in New York City before he struck out on his own . With the help of partners to finance and market his ideas , Tesla set up laboratories and companies in New York to develop a range of electrical and mechanical devices . His alternating current ( AC ) induction motor and related polyphase AC patents , licensed by Westinghouse Electric in 1888 , earned him a considerable amount of money and became the cornerstone of the polyphase system which that company would eventually market . Attempting to develop inventions he could patent and market , Tesla conducted a range of experiments with mechanical oscillators/generators , electrical discharge tubes , and early X-ray imaging . He also built a wireless-controlled boat , one of the first ever exhibited . Tesla became well known as an inventor and would demonstrate his achievements to celebrities and wealthy patrons at his lab , and was noted for his showmanship at public lectures . Throughout the 1890s , Tesla would pursue his ideas for wireless lighting and worldwide wireless electric power distribution in his high-voltage , high-frequency power experiments in New York and Colorado Springs . In 1893 , he made pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication with his devices . Tesla tried to put these ideas to practical use in his unfinished Wardenclyffe Tower project , an intercontinental wireless communication and power transmitter , but ran out of funding before he could complete it . After Wardenclyffe , Tesla went on to try and develop a series of inventions in the 1910s and 1920s with varying degrees of success . Having spent most of his money , he lived in a series of New York hotels , leaving behind unpaid bills . The nature of his earlier work and the pronouncements he made to the press later in life earned him the reputation of an archetypal `` mad scientist '' in American popular culture . Tesla died in New York City in January 1943 . His work fell into relative obscurity following his death , but in 1960 , the General Conference on Weights and Measures named the SI unit of magnetic flux density the tesla in his honor . There has been a resurgence in popular interest in Tesla since the 1990s .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b547469afb917c4a7bc7e9673ad3f406", "text": "A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism is a two-volume treatise on electromagnetism written by James Clerk Maxwell in 1873 . Maxwell was revising the Treatise for a second edition when he died in 1879 . The revision was completed by William Davidson Niven for publication in 1881 . A third edition was prepared by J. J. Thomson for publication in 1892 . According to one historian , The Treatise was notoriously hard to read ; it teemed with ideas but lacked the clear focus and orderly presentation that might have enabled it to win converts more readily . Rather than simply expounding his own system , Maxwell had set out to write a comprehensive treatise on electrical science , and so he had allowed his own new distinctive ideas , notably that of the displacement current , to be almost buried under long accounts of miscellaneous phenomena discussed from several points of view . Except for a fuller treatment of the Faraday effect ( in which he again invoked the molecular vortices ) , Maxwell added little to his earlier work on the electromagnetic theory of light ; he said nothing , for example , about how electromagnetic waves might be generated , nor did he attempt to derive laws governing reflection and refraction . Maxwell introduced the use of vector fields , and his labels have been perpetuated : A ( vector potential ) , B ( magnetic induction ) , C ( electric current ) , D ( displacement ) , E ( electric field -- Maxwell 's electromotive intensity ) , F ( mechanical force ) , H ( magnetic field -- Maxwell 's magnetic force ) . Maxwell 's work is considered an exemplar of rhetoric of science : Lagrange 's equations appear in the Treatise as the culmination of a long series of rhetorical moves , including ( among others ) Green 's theorem , Gauss 's potential theory and Faraday 's lines of force -- all of which have prepared the reader for the Lagrangian vision of a natural world that is whole and connected : a veritable sea change from Newton 's vision .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d75105ac83e72d6b6c4781752e35ea44", "text": "James Franck James Franck ( 26 August 1882 -- 21 May 1964 ) was a German physicist who won the 1925 Nobel Prize for Physics with Gustav Hertz `` for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom '' . He completed his doctorate in 1906 and his habilitation in 1911 at the Frederick William University in Berlin , where he lectured and taught until 1918 , having reached the position of professor extraordinarius . He served as a volunteer in the German Army during World War I . He was seriously injured in 1917 in a gas attack and was awarded the Iron Cross 1st Class . Franck became the Head of the Physics Division of the Kaiser Wilhelm Gesellschaft for Physical Chemistry . In 1920 , Franck became professor ordinarius of experimental physics and Director of the Second Institute for Experimental Physics at the University of Göttingen . While there he worked on quantum physics with Max Born , who was Director of the Institute of Theoretical Physics . His work included the Franck -- Hertz experiment , an important confirmation of the Bohr model of the atom . He promoted the careers of women in physics , notably Lise Meitner , Hertha Sponer and Hilde Levi . After the NSDAP came to power in Germany in 1933 , Franck resigned his post in protest against the dismissal of fellow academics . He assisted Frederick Lindemann in helping dismissed Jewish scientists find work overseas , before he left Germany in November 1933 . After a year at the Niels Bohr Institute in Denmark , he moved to the United States , where he worked at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore and then the University of Chicago . During this period he became interested in photosynthesis . Franck participated in the Manhattan Project during World War II as Director of the Chemistry Division of the Metallurgical Laboratory . He was also the chairman of the Committee on Political and Social Problems regarding the atomic bomb , which is best known for the compilation of the Franck Report , which recommended that the atomic bombs not be used on the Japanese cities without warning .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd43f8783323eeacda91747e7162b881", "text": "Technological momentum Technological momentum is a theory about the relationship between technology and society over time . The term was originally developed by the historian of technology Thomas P. Hughes . Hughes 's thesis is a synthesis of two separate models for how technology and society interact . One , technological determinism , claims that society itself is modified by the introduction of a new technology in an irreversible and irreparable way -- for example , the introduction of the automobile has influenced the manner in which American cities are designed , a change that can clearly be seen when comparing the pre-automobile cities on the East Coast to the post-automobile cities on the West Coast . Technology , under this model , self-propagates as well -- there is no turning back once adoption has taken place , and the very existence of the technology means that it will continue to exist in the future . The other model , social determinism , claims that society itself controls how a technology is used and developed -- for example , the rejection of nuclear power technology in the USA amid the public fears after the Three Mile Island incident . Technological momentum takes the two models and adds time as the unifying factor . In Hughes 's theory , when a technology is young , deliberate control over its use and scope is possible and enacted by society . However , as a technology matures , and becomes increasingly enmeshed in the society where it was created , its own deterministic force takes hold . In other words , Hughes 's says that the relationship between technology and society always starts with a social determinism model , but evolves into a form of technological determinism over time and as its use becomes more prevalent and important . Since its introduction by Hughes , the technological momentum concept has been applied by a number of other historians of technology .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "030df20e0efe61a0b1bb01bd5900461b", "text": "Leo Szilard Leo Szilard ( -LSB- ˈsɪlɑːrd -RSB- Szilárd Leó -LSB- ˈsila : rd ˈlɛo : -RSB- ; Leo Spitz until age 2 ; February 11 , 1898 -- May 30 , 1964 ) was a Hungarian-born physicist and inventor . He conceived the nuclear chain reaction in 1933 , patented the idea of a nuclear reactor with Enrico Fermi , and in late 1939 wrote the letter for Albert Einstein 's signature that resulted in the Manhattan Project that built the atomic bomb . Szilard initially attended Palatine Joseph Technical University in Budapest , but his engineering studies were interrupted by service in the Austro-Hungarian Army during World War I . He left Hungary for Germany in 1919 , enrolling at Technische Hochschule ( Institute of Technology ) in Berlin-Charlottenburg , but became bored with engineering and transferred to Friedrich Wilhelm University , where he studied physics . He wrote his doctoral thesis on Maxwell 's demon , a long-standing puzzle in the philosophy of thermal and statistical physics . Szilard was the first to recognize the connection between thermodynamics and Information theory . In addition to the nuclear reactor , Szilard submitted patent applications for a linear accelerator in 1928 , and a cyclotron in 1929 . He also conceived the idea of an electron microscope . Between 1926 and 1930 , he worked with Einstein on the development of the Einstein refrigerator . After Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany in 1933 , Szilard urged his family and friends to flee Europe while they still could . He moved to England , where he helped found the Academic Assistance Council , an organization dedicated to helping refugee scholars find new jobs . While in England he discovered a means of isotope separation known as the Szilard -- Chalmers effect . Foreseeing another war in Europe , Szilard moved to the United States in 1938 , where he worked with Enrico Fermi and Walter Zinn on means of creating a nuclear chain reaction . He was present when this was achieved on December 2 , 1942 . He worked for the Manhattan Project 's Metallurgical Laboratory on aspects of nuclear reactor design . He drafted the Szilard petition advocating a demonstration of the atomic bomb , but the Interim Committee chose to use them against cities without warning . After the war , Szilard switched to biology . He invented the chemostat , discovered feedback inhibition , and was involved in the first cloning of a human cell . He publicly sounded the alarm against the possible development of salted thermonuclear bombs , a new kind of nuclear weapon that might annihilate mankind . Diagnosed with bladder cancer in 1960 , he underwent treatment using a cobalt-60 treatment that he had designed . He helped found the Salk Institute for Biological Studies , where he became a resident fellow . Szilard founded Council for a Livable World in 1962 to deliver `` the sweet voice of reason '' about nuclear weapons to Congress , the White House , and the American public . He died in his sleep of a heart attack in 1964 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "355cf3f23969be7c9993316ad520b347", "text": "Konstantin Konstantinov Konstantin Ivanovich Konstantinov ( Константин Иванович Константинов , 1817 or 1819 -- 12 January 1871 ) was a Russian artillery officer and scientist in the fields of artillery , rocketry and instrument making . He completed his military career at the rank of Lieutenant General . He was an illegitimate son of Grand Duke Constantine Pavlovich of Russia and a French actress . Konstantinov graduated from Mikhailovskoye Artillery School in St. Petersburg in 1836 . In 1844 , he invented a device for measuring the flight speed of projectiles at any point of their trajectory . In 1847 Konstantinov created a ballistic rocket pendulum , which would allow to establish a law of changing rocket motion in time . With the help of this device , he was able to determine the influence of the form and design of a rocket on its ballistic characteristics , thereby laying the foundations for calculated rocket designs . In 1849 he was appointed commander of the Petersburg Rocketry Department . In 1861 , he supervised the construction of a rocket factory in Nikolayev , which he would head six years later . Konstantinov is known to have created structurally perfect missiles ( for the 19th century ) with a range of 4 to 5 km , launch pads , and rocket-making machines . He authored a number of works on rocket science , artillery , firearms , pyrotechnics , and aeronautics . A crater on the far side of the Moon is named after him .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "212ad21cca8cd6dc7da6105874930ba4", "text": "Giovanni Battista Beccaria Giovanni Battista Beccaria ( -LSB- bekkaˈriːa -RSB- ; 3 October 1716 -- 27 May 1781 ) , Italian physicist , was born at Mondovì , and entered the religious Order of the Pious Schools or Piarists , in 1732 , where he studied , and afterward taught , grammar and rhetoric . At the same time , he applied himself with success to mathematics . He became professor of experimental physics , first at Palermo and then at Rome , and was appointed to a similar position at Turin in 1748 . He was afterwards made tutor to the young princes de Chablais and de Carignan , and continued to reside principally at Turin during the remainder of his life . In May 1755 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of London , and published several papers on electrical subjects in the Phil . Trans . . In 1759 , King Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia , who had invited him to Turin , employed him to measure the degree of meridian arc in Piedmont . Beccaria did much , in the way both of experiment and exposition , to spread a knowledge of the electrical researches of Benjamin Franklin and others . His principal work was the treatise Dell ' Elettricismo Naturale ed Artificiale ( 1753 ) , which was translated into English in 1776 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87a85ce2231fc0f0b79574991b0d13cf", "text": "Victor Della-Vos Victor Karlovich Della-Vos ( 1829-1890 ) was a Russian educationalist and proponent of manual training . Della-Vos graduated from Moscow University in 1853 with a degree in physical and mathematical sciences and soon embarked on his teaching career . In 1858 he went to Paris to study machine tool manufacture . After also visiting London where he studied agricultural machinery he returned to Russia in 1864 to take up the post of professor of mechanics at the Petrovsky Academy . By 1868 he was appointed director of the Moscow Imperial Technical Academy . He became widely known for his combination of both theoretical and practical approaches to education . Following his participation in the Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition in 1876 , his approach was taken up by John Runkle of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Calvin Woodward of Washington University . This combination of tool and job analysis provided a basis of what would eventually become Taylorism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f41ca45d2f2e68746c5b6e808c2dba0e", "text": "Vsevolod Frederiks Vsevolod Konstantinovich Frederiks ( or Fréedericksz ; Всеволод Константинович Фредерикс -LSB- ˈvʲsʲɛvəɫəd fʲrʲɪdʲɪˈrʲiks -RSB- ; April 29 , 1885 , Warsaw -- January 6 , 1944 , Gorkiy ) was a Russian/Soviet physicist . His primary contribution to physics was in the field of liquid crystals . The Frederiks transition was named after him . After high school Frederiks attended Geneva University and for one semester attended the lectures of Paul Langevin in Paris . After defending his thesis and obtaining his PhD , Fredericks decided to continue his studies at Göttingen University . He was there for more than eight years , and with the outbreak of World War I he became a civil prisoner . During that period he became personal assistant to David Hilbert . In the summer of 1918 Frederiks returned to Russia , and worked at the Institute of Physics and Biophysics in Moscow . In 1919 he became a lecturer at the University of Petrograd . He was arrested by the NKVD in 1937 , and although released before the war he died before reaching home .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c25ae38f43e5e905f5633e3c755f2944", "text": "Institute for Advanced Study The Institute for Advanced Study ( IAS ) in Princeton , New Jersey , in the United States , is an independent , postdoctoral research center for theoretical research and intellectual inquiry founded in 1930 by American educator Abraham Flexner , together with philanthropists Louis Bamberger and Caroline Bamberger Fuld . The IAS is perhaps best known as the academic home of Albert Einstein , Hermann Weyl , John von Neumann and Kurt Gödel , after their immigration to the United States . Although it is close to and collaborates with Princeton University , Rutgers University , and other nearby institutions , it is independent and does not charge tuition or fees . Flexner 's guiding principle in founding the Institute was the pursuit of knowledge for its own sake . There are no degree programs or experimental facilities at the Institute . Research is never contracted or directed ; it is left to each individual researcher to pursue their own goals . Established during the rise of European fascism , the IAS played a key role in the transfer of intellectual capital from Europe to America and soon acquired a reputation at the pinnacle of academic and scientific life -- a reputation it has retained . It is supported entirely by endowments , grants , and gifts , and is one of the eight American mathematics institutes funded by the National Science Foundation . It is the model for the other eight members of the consortium Some Institutes for Advanced Study . The institute consists of four schools -- Historical Studies , Mathematics , Natural Sciences , and Social Sciences ; there is also a program in theoretical biology .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e2b9141d4aa2450c119bc7b9a469395", "text": "Electron The electron is a subatomic particle , symbol or , with a negative elementary electric charge . Electrons belong to the first generation of the lepton particle family , and are generally thought to be elementary particles because they have no known components or substructure . The electron has a mass that is approximately 1/1836 that of the proton . Quantum mechanical properties of the electron include an intrinsic angular momentum ( spin ) of a half-integer value , expressed in units of the reduced Planck constant , ħ . As it is a fermion , no two electrons can occupy the same quantum state , in accordance with the Pauli exclusion principle . Like all elementary particles , electrons exhibit properties of both particles and waves : they can collide with other particles and can be diffracted like light . The wave properties of electrons are easier to observe with experiments than those of other particles like neutrons and protons because electrons have a lower mass and hence a longer De Broglie wavelength for a given energy . Electrons play an essential role in numerous physical phenomena , such as electricity , magnetism , and thermal conductivity , and they also participate in gravitational , electromagnetic and weak interactions . Since an electron has charge , it has a surrounding electric field , and if that electron is moving relative to an observer it will generate a magnetic field . Electromagnetic fields produced from other sources ( not those self-produced ) will affect the motion of an electron according to the Lorentz force law . Electrons radiate or absorb energy in the form of photons when they are accelerated . Laboratory instruments are capable of trapping individual electrons as well as electron plasma by the use of electromagnetic fields . Special telescopes can detect electron plasma in outer space . Electrons are involved in many applications such as electronics , welding , cathode ray tubes , electron microscopes , radiation therapy , lasers , gaseous ionization detectors and particle accelerators . Interactions involving electrons with other subatomic particles are of interest in fields such as chemistry and nuclear physics . The Coulomb force interaction between the positive protons within atomic nuclei and the negative electrons without , allows the composition of the two known as atoms . Ionization or differences in the proportions of negative electrons versus positive nuclei changes the binding energy of an atomic system . The exchange or sharing of the electrons between two or more atoms is the main cause of chemical bonding . In 1838 , British natural philosopher Richard Laming first hypothesized the concept of an indivisible quantity of electric charge to explain the chemical properties of atoms . Irish physicist George Johnstone Stoney named this charge ` electron ' in 1891 , and J. J. Thomson and his team of British physicists identified it as a particle in 1897 . Electrons can also participate in nuclear reactions , such as nucleosynthesis in stars , where they are known as beta particles . Electrons can be created through beta decay of radioactive isotopes and in high-energy collisions , for instance when cosmic rays enter the atmosphere . The antiparticle of the electron is called the positron ; it is identical to the electron except that it carries electrical and other charges of the opposite sign . When an electron collides with a positron , both particles can be totally annihilated , producing gamma ray photons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "99c9ff117e0575ba3d523aabfecd8f5c", "text": "Telecommunication Telecommunication is the transmission of signs , signals , messages , words , writings , images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by wire , radio , optical or other electromagnetic systems . Telecommunication occurs when the exchange of information between communication participants includes the use of technology . It is transmitted either electrically over physical media , such as cables , or via electromagnetic radiation . Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which afford the advantages of multiplexing . The term is often used in its plural form , telecommunications , because it involves many different technologies . Early means of communicating over a distance included visual signals , such as beacons , smoke signals , semaphore telegraphs , signal flags , and optical heliographs . Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages such as coded drumbeats , lung-blown horns , and loud whistles . 20th and 21st century technologies for long-distance communication usually involve electrical and electromagnetic technologies , such as telegraph , telephone , and teleprinter , networks , radio , microwave transmission , fiber optics , and communications satellites . A revolution in wireless communication began in the first decade of the 20th century with the pioneering developments in radio communications by Guglielmo Marconi , who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1909 . Other notable pioneering inventors and developers in the field of electrical and electronic telecommunications include Charles Wheatstone and Samuel Morse ( inventors of the telegraph ) , Alexander Graham Bell ( inventor of the telephone ) , Edwin Armstrong and Lee de Forest ( inventors of radio ) , as well as Vladimir K. Zworykin , John Logie Baird and Philo Farnsworth ( some of the inventors of television ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3afaa0aa931c58610d862ded3858162", "text": "Magnetic field A magnetic field is the magnetic effect of electric currents and magnetic materials . The magnetic field at any given point is specified by both a direction and a magnitude ( or strength ) ; as such it is represented by a vector field.Strictly speaking , a magnetic field is a pseudo vector ; pseudo-vectors , which also include torque and rotational velocity , are similar to vectors except that they remain unchanged when the coordinates are inverted . The term is used for two distinct but closely related fields denoted by the symbols and , where is measured in units of amperes per meter ( symbol : A ⋅ m − 1 or A/m ) in the SI . is measured in teslas ( symbol : T ) and newtons per meter per ampere ( symbol : N ⋅ m − 1 ⋅ A − 1 or N / ( m ⋅ A ) ) in the SI . is most commonly defined in terms of the Lorentz force it exerts on moving electric charges . Magnetic fields can be produced by moving electric charges and the intrinsic magnetic moments of elementary particles associated with a fundamental quantum property , their spin . In special relativity , electric and magnetic fields are two interrelated aspects of a single object , called the electromagnetic tensor ; the split of this tensor into electric and magnetic fields depends on the relative velocity of the observer and charge . In quantum physics , the electromagnetic field is quantized and electromagnetic interactions result from the exchange of photons . In everyday life , magnetic fields are most often encountered as a force created by permanent magnets , which pull on ferromagnetic materials such as iron , cobalt , or nickel , and attract or repel other magnets . Magnetic fields are widely used throughout modern technology , particularly in electrical engineering and electromechanics . The Earth produces its own magnetic field , which is important in navigation , and it shields the Earth 's atmosphere from solar wind . Rotating magnetic fields are used in both electric motors and generators . Magnetic forces give information about the charge carriers in a material through the Hall effect . The interaction of magnetic fields in electric devices such as transformers is studied in the discipline of magnetic circuits .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "86a3aef1ee3aeb5a772c3277f33b94c4", "text": "Michael Nikoletseas Michael M. Nikoletseas is a medical scientist , philosopher , classicist , poet . He was born in Androussa , Messinia , Greece in 1943 . After graduating from high school in Greece , he came to America where he studied Psychology ( B.A. with Honors , 1969-1973 ) , Psychobiology ( Rutgers University , M.S. , PhD , 1973-1978 ) , and continued with postdoctoral studies at the Medical College of Pennsylvania and University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey . He taught at the School of Medicine of the University of Wisconsin in Madison , WI , and UPR . Visiting professor at the University of Texas at Houston School of Medicine . He has written books spanning a wide range : medicine , neuroscience , mathematics , philosophy , the classics , and literature . His outstanding accomplishment is his groundbreaking work on presocratic philosophers in relation to philosophy of science and his interpretation of Homer 's Iliad from an anthropological , psychoanalytic perspective . Awards : Franklin Honors Society . Parents : Johannes Peter Müller ( Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin ) - > Hermann von Helmholtz ( Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin ) - > Wilhelm Max Wundt ( Universität Leipzig ) - > Edward B. Titchener ( Cornell University ) - > John Paul Nafe - > Clarence Graham ( Columbia University ) - > William S. Verplank , Jr. ( Indiana University Bloomington ) - > George H. Collier ( Rutgers University ) - > Michael M. Nikoletseas", "title": "" }, { "docid": "401041c4526d780a6c4cecbed50c0293", "text": "Helmholtz Institute Jena The Helmholtz Institute Jena was founded as an outstation of the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung on June 25 , 2009 and is located on the campus of the Friedrich Schiller University ( FSU ) in the city of Jena , Germany . Its purpose is to unite the research activities of the FSU in the fields of high intensity laser physics and x-ray spectroscopy with the expertise of the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron ( DESY ) , GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf in the fields of accelerator physics , laser physics and x-ray technology . The research profile of the Helmholtz Institute Jena is focused on the physics occurring at the border between conventional particle-acceleration technology and the fast-evolving field of laser-induced particle acceleration . ( e.g. wakefield accelerator ) . It is concerned with advancing these new laser-induced accelerator concepts , as well as with the production and investigation of intense photon and particle beams , including their interaction with matter . Therefore the main activities of the institute are emphasized on the development of high intensity lasers , new concepts for laser-driven particle acceleration , x-ray spectroscopy and strong-field quantum electrodynamics , as well as on the physics of hot dense plasmas . Apart from that the Helmholtz Institute Jena aims to contribute to the further development of the research facilities at the Helmholtz center GSI , especially the future project FAIR ( Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research ) , and DESY with the free-electron laser ( FEL ) photon sources FLASH and XFEL ( European XFEL ) . In cooperation with the FSU Jena a completely diode-pumped laser system of the high energy petawatt class ( HEPW ) with the POLARIS laser is realized in the building of the Helmholtz Institute Jena . First measurements are done since 2008 . Due to the missing last amplifier stage the pulse strength of 1 PW could n't be reached yet . The graduate school `` Research School for Advanced Photon Science '' ( RS-APS ) was established at the Helmholtz Institute Jena in July 2012 . The RS-APS supports up to 25 PhD students and provides a structured graduation program in cooperation with facilities of the FSU Jena and the Helmholtz Graduate School for Hadron and Ion Research ( HGS-HIRe ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd99c71225ac411193255f9a69254a39", "text": "List of engineering schools Engineering education at the higher education level includes both undergraduate and graduate levels . Schools which provide such education are typically part of a university , institute of technology , or polytechnic institute . Such scholastic divisions for engineering are generally referred to by several different names , the most common being College of Engineering or School of Engineering , and typically consist of several departments , each of which has its own faculty and teaches a certain branch of engineering . Students frequently specialize in specific branches of engineering , such as mechanical engineering , electrical engineering , chemical engineering , or civil engineering , or others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd283beb60d9a33aeafe6b11abf2f77e", "text": "Milan Kurepa Milan V. Kurepa ( 1933 -- 2000 ) was a renowned Serbian atomic physicist . Kurepa was born on 1 May 1933 in town of Bačka Palanka , Vojvodina , Serbia . In 1956 , he began his working at the Vinca Nuclear Institute in Belgrade . Kurepa graduated from the University of Belgrade Faculty of Mathematics under Aleksandar Milojević , and later electrical engineering in the United Kingdom , under J. D. Craggs . His thesis topic was slow electron scattering off atoms and molecules . Kurepa then joined the University of Belgrade physics department as an assistant professor . He became a professor in 1981 and continued in that position until his retirement in 1998 . Kurepa often worked at Universities abroad , including Germany and the UK . Kurepa 's pedagogical work at the undergraduate and graduate levels was highly valued . He was a coauthor of 12 university and 4 high-school textbooks . In 1964 , Kurepa joined the newly founded Institute of Physics at the University of Belgrade as a research scientist . There , he started the Atomic Physics Laboratory . Due primarily to Kurepa 's leadership , the Atomic Physics Laboratory gained an international reputation in the field of electron collisions with atoms or molecules . At present , about a dozen of Kurepa 's students are scientists and professors at leading universities in Australia , Belgium , the UK , France , Germany , Slovenia , Sweden , and the United States . He was an outstanding organizer , coordinating numerous domestic and international conferences . He served as president of many Yugoslavian academic institutions . In 1994 , Kurepa was elected the corresponding member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts . During the isolation of Yugoslavian scientists from the rest of the world due to United Nations sanctions , Kurepa organized a very successful meeting of SANU in 1997 to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the discovery of the electron . Kurepa fought for democracy in Yugoslavia . A vigorous adversary of Slobodan Milosevic 's regime , Kurepa founded in 1997 the Association of University Professors and Scientists , with the principal aim of fighting for the recovery of basic university freedoms in Serbia . He was AUPR 's first president . The association has been especially active since 1998 , when the University Act was introduced to abolish the autonomy of Serbian universities . AUPR has organized protest meetings at Serbian universities , published statements regarding university autonomy and freedom of opinion , appealed to international academic associations for intervention with the Serbian government , and engaged in similar activities . During the 2000 electoral campaign , Kurepa traveled around Serbia with the students ' movement Otpor ! . Otpor awarded him a certificate , acknowledging him as `` the most resistive professor . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6eba628a5fdc6adeb71621e51a7616d2", "text": "Treatise on Natural Philosophy Treatise on Natural Philosophy was an 1867 text book by William Thomson ( later Lord Kelvin ) and Peter Guthrie Tait , published by Oxford University Press . The Treatise was often referred to as T and T '' ' , as explained by Alexander Macfarlane : Maxwell had facetiously referred to Thomson as T and Tait as T ' . Hence the Treatise on Natural Philosophy came to be commonly referred to as T and T '' ' in conversation with mathematicians .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ecbbd55839710187d5f54c6c15e05a32", "text": "Mechanics Mechanics ( Greek μηχανική ) is an area of science concerned with the behaviour of physical bodies when subjected to forces or displacements , and the subsequent effects of the bodies on their environment . The scientific discipline has its origins in Ancient Greece with the writings of Aristotle and Archimedes ( see History of classical mechanics and Timeline of classical mechanics ) . During the early modern period , scientists such as Khayaam , Galileo , Kepler , and Newton , laid the foundation for what is now known as classical mechanics . It is a branch of classical physics that deals with particles that are either at rest or are moving with velocities significantly less than the speed of light . It can also be defined as a branch of science which deals with the motion of and forces on objects .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7dc6ea0c1fb1c01116d0cb658bb5ee4d", "text": "Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences The Institute of Philosophy was founded as the Institute of Scientific Philosophy in 1921 by Gustav Shpet , who was its first director until 1923 . The philosophy department of the University of Moscow had been disbanded in the summer of 1921 , however philosophers such as Semyon Frank and Ivan Ilyin attempted to set up temporary courses at the new institute . However , the Bolsheviks soon put a stop to this and Frank and Ilyin where amongst the deportees sent into exile on the philosophers ' ships . Shpet 's name was put forward for deportation but Anatoli Lunacharsky , the People 's Commissar for Education , intervened and he was allowed to remain in Russia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f8f47c2e320a1867b68f7fd19898f5e", "text": "Electromagnetic mass Electromagnetic mass was initially a concept of classical mechanics , denoting as to how much the electromagnetic field , or the self-energy , is contributing to the mass of charged particles . It was first derived by J. J. Thomson in 1881 and was for some time also considered as a dynamical explanation of inertial mass per se . Today , the relation of mass , momentum , velocity and all forms of energy , including electromagnetic energy , is analyzed on the basis of Albert Einstein 's special relativity and mass -- energy equivalence . As to the cause of mass of elementary particles , the Higgs mechanism in the framework of the relativistic Standard Model is currently used . In addition , some problems concerning the electromagnetic mass and self-energy of charged particles are still studied .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "699d5536b28721f5c692d1664bdf64b4", "text": "Randy Orton Randal Keith Orton ( born April 1 , 1980 ) is an American professional wrestler and actor . He is currently signed to WWE , where he performs on the SmackDown brand . Orton is a 13-time world champion . Orton has held the WWE Championship nine times ( eighth reign was as WWE World Heavyweight Champion ) and WWE 's World Heavyweight Championship four times , and was the final holder of the World Heavyweight Championship , which he unified with the WWE Championship to become the WWE World Heavyweight Champion . Orton is a third-generation professional wrestler ; his grandfather Bob Orton , Sr. , his father `` Cowboy '' Bob Orton , and his uncle Barry Orton all competed in the professional wrestling business . Before being promoted to the main World Wrestling Federation ( WWF , now WWE ) roster , Orton trained in and wrestled for Mid-Missouri Wrestling Association-Southern Illinois Conference Wrestling for a month . He was then sent to Ohio Valley Wrestling ( OVW ) , where he held the OVW Hardcore Championship twice . Orton became a member of the stable Evolution shortly after his WWE debut , which quickly led to an Intercontinental Championship reign , his first title with the company . He also acquired the moniker `` The Legend Killer '' during a storyline where he began disrespecting and then physically attacking WWE Hall of Famers and wrestling veterans . At age 24 , he became the youngest world champion in WWE history after he won the World Heavyweight Championship . With this win , he departed from Evolution and a feud with his former stablemates began . In 2006 , Orton joined forces with Edge in a tag team known as Rated-RKO . Together , they held the World Tag Team Championship . After Rated-RKO disbanded in mid-2007 , Orton gained two WWE Championship reigns in one night , when at 27 he became the youngest two-time WWE Champion . He formed the group The Legacy with Cody Rhodes and Ted DiBiase in 2008 . It disbanded in 2010 and Orton returned to singles competition . From 2013 to 2015 , Orton was aligned with The Authority , who named him the `` face of the WWE '' . In late 2016 he joined The Wyatt Family , winning the WWE SmackDown Tag Team Championship with stablemates Bray Wyatt and Luke Harper before turning on Wyatt in February 2017 . Overall , Orton has won 16 total championships in WWE . He is the winner of the 2013 Money in the Bank ladder match , both the 2009 and 2017 Royal Rumble matches , and has headlined multiple pay-per-view events for WWE , including WrestleMania XXV and WrestleMania XXX .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6fcd82a0a117c9df2fc38e0c5a56e12", "text": "Nickname A nickname is a substitute for the proper name of a familiar person , place , or thing , for affection or ridicule . The term hypocoristic is used to refer to a nickname of affection between those in love or with a close emotional bond , compared with a term of endearment . The term diminutive name refers to nicknames that convey smallness , hence something regarded with affection or familiarity ( e.g. , referring to children ) , or contempt . The distinction between the two is often blurred . It is a form of endearment and amusement . As a concept , it is distinct from both pseudonym and stage name , and also from a title ( for example , City of Fountains ) , although there may be overlap in these concepts . A moniker also means a nickname or personal name . The word often distinguishes personal names from nicknames that became proper names out of former nicknames . English examples are Bob and Rob , nickname variants for Robert . A nickname is often considered desirable , symbolising a form of acceptance , but can sometimes be a form of ridicule .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "da946da9a13bfc0dde234306c638c5a2", "text": "WWE One Night Stand WWE One Night Stand was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event , produced every June by WWE , a professional wrestling promotion based in Connecticut . The event was created in 2005 , with its inaugural event taking place in June of that year . The event 's name refers to its original format , that being a one night reunion show for former Extreme Championship Wrestling alumni . The first two shows were promoted under the ECW acronym ; this however was changed for the 2007 and 2008 events . As WWE launched their own version of ECW in 2006 , these two shows were promoted under the WWE acronym . The final event under the One Night Stand name was in 2008 before being renamed to Extreme Rules in 2009 . This event was noted by WWE to be a direct continuation of the One Night Stand chronology . However , the 2010 event was later promoted as only the second event under a new chronology , one that is no longer a direct continuation of the One Night Stand event .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "297aac4c94e3ea9d138d81c631726618", "text": "No Mercy (2007) No Mercy ( 2007 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) , which took place on October 7 , 2007 , at the Allstate Arena in Rosemont , Illinois . It was the 10th annual No Mercy event and involved wrestlers from the Raw , SmackDown ! , and ECW brands . Nine professional wrestling matches were scheduled on the event 's supercard . In the main event matches , Randy Orton defeated WWE Champion Triple H in a Last Man Standing match , and World Heavyweight Champion Batista defeated challenger The Great Khali in a Punjabi Prison match . Also on the undercard , WWE Champion Triple H defeated Umaga to retain his title and Finlay and Rey Mysterio fought to a no contest . The 2007 No Mercy event had an approximate attendance of 12,500 and received approximately 271,000 pay-per-view buys . This event helped WWE obtain a pay-per-view revenue of $ 19.9 million . When the event was released on DVD , it reached a peak position of nineteenth on Billboard 's DVD Sales Chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c28095586c4569b543253da37d4c7d52", "text": "El Gran Luchadore El Gran Luchadore is the name of a masked Mexican professional wrestling character in World Wrestling Entertainment , seen on its SmackDown ! brand in 2004 . El Gran Luchadore ( loosely translated from Spanish to `` The Great Fighter/Wrestler , '' `` Luchadore '' is also an incorrect spelling , luchador is the correct spelling ) was mainly used as a jobber gimmick to put over other wrestlers . The first WWE wrestler to wrestle as the El Gran Luchadore was Paul London on April 22 , 2004 in a squash match against John Bradshaw Layfield ( JBL ) , Paul Heyman convinced Bradshaw to accept a match with the `` Mexican Heavyweight Champion '' after hearing that El Gran Luchadore punked out Bradshaw at an airport . Next up was Shannon Moore on July 8 , 2004 , billed as the `` champion of Mexico '' , would face WWE Champion JBL in a champion vs. champion match ( no titles on the line ) . A second squash match for JBL took an unexpected turn when El Gran Luchadore pulled a switcharoo with Eddie Guerrero ( in El Gran 's costume ) who came back fighting . When JBL finally clued that it was Guerrero , he ran away from the ring getting counted out in the process , allowing El Gran Luchadore to pick up his first victory . The next appearance of El Gran Luchadore was on July 15 , 2004 edition of SmackDown ! . During a Steel Cage match between Guerrero and JBL which saw both men sat on top of the Cage , exchanging punches until El Gran Luchadore ran down and climbed into the cage . This El Gran Luchadore held Eddie Guerrero 's leg , allowing Bradshaw to climb down the side of the cage to win . After the match El Gran Luchadore tried to get out of the locked door , but then decided to climb out the way he came in . Eddie Guerrero got to his feet and climbed up the cage struggling to get him back into the cage . Luchadore was able to get away , but in the struggle Guerrero pulled the mask off of him , revealing him to be the supposedly injured Kurt Angle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a570947f5e6e8318781928e1755fd4b", "text": "List of city nicknames in Wisconsin This list of city nicknames in Wisconsin compiles the aliases , sobriquets and slogans that Wisconsin 's cities and towns are known by ( or have been known by historically ) , officially and unofficially , to municipal governments , local people , outsiders or their tourism boards or chambers of commerce . City nicknames can help in establishing a civic identity , helping outsiders recognize a community or attracting people to a community because of its nickname ; promote civic pride ; and build community unity . Nicknames and slogans that successfully create a new community `` ideology or myth '' are also believed to have economic value . Their economic value is difficult to measure , but there are anecdotal reports of cities that have achieved substantial economic benefits by `` branding '' themselves by adopting new slogans . Some unofficial nicknames are positive , while others are derisive . The unofficial nicknames listed here have been in use for a long time or have gained wide currency .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c67576118df9bb1370e0ea97b125da7", "text": "Ring of Honor Ring of Honor ( ROH ) is an American professional wrestling promotion , founded in 2002 by RF Video owner Rob Feinstein . From 2004 to 2011 , the promotion was under the ownership of Cary Silkin before being sold to the Sinclair Broadcast Group ( SBG ) , an American telecommunications company that operates the largest number of local television stations in the United States . ROH holds TV tapings , pay-per-view events , live events , and Internet pay-per-view events throughout the United States and Canada . It has also held shows in the United Kingdom and Japan . Annual shows include the Anniversary Show , Supercard of Honor ( held annually during WrestleMania weekend ) , Best in the World , Global Wars , Death Before Dishonor , Glory By Honor , and Final Battle ( the last show of the calendar year and ROH 's marquee event ) . ROH records all of its shows and sells them on DVD through mail order via its online store , and the DVDs have developed a fanbase for the promotion in the United States and beyond . In 2009 , ROH signed a television deal with HDNet , which aired shows every week until 2011 . As of September 2011 , ROH 's flagship broadcast Ring of Honor Wrestling has been syndicated by parent company Sinclair Broadcasting , and airs on Sinclair owned stations across the country . ROH is also broadcast on Samurai TV in Japan , and is the third-largest professional wrestling promotion in the United States , behind WWE and after Impact Wrestling . On June 22 , 2014 , ROH had its first live pay-per-view broadcast , Best in the World , from Nashville , Tennessee . It was followed-up on December 7 with their biggest show of the year Final Battle , from Terminal 5 in New York City . Their next pay-per-view aired March 1 , 2015 , which was their 13th Anniversary Show , from Las Vegas , Nevada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df8c425ce480bc05f131d58c32d6edfa", "text": "Davey Boy Smith David `` Davey Boy '' Smith ( 27 November 1962 -- 18 May 2002 ) was a British professional wrestler . Born in Golborne , Lancashire , Smith is best known for his appearances in the United States with the World Wrestling Federation under his own name and under the ring name The British Bulldog . He was trained by Ted Betley in Winwick , England before relocating to Calgary , Alberta , Canada to further his training under Stu Hart . While training with Hart , Smith met Stu and Helen Hart 's youngest daughter Diana , whom he married in 1984 . One of their two children , Harry , is also a professional wrestler . Smith won titles within the WWF in three decades , from the 1980s to the 2000s . Never a world champion , Smith nevertheless headlined multiple pay-per-view events in the WWF and WCW , in which he challenged for the WWF - and WCW World Heavyweight championships . He defeated Bret Hart for the WWF Intercontinental Championship in the main event of SummerSlam 1992 at London 's original Wembley Stadium ; he also has the distinction of being the inaugural and longest reigning WWF European Champion in a total of 206 days , and to have held the title on the sole occasion where a match for that championship headlined a pay-per-view event , at One Night Only in 1997 . Prior to finding singles success , Smith achieved stardom as one half of The British Bulldogs tag team , alongside the Dynamite Kid .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09654ce76f7f316d2c5643980e5abec0", "text": "She Cries Your Name `` She Cries Your Name '' is a song by Beth Orton , released as her third single and found on her 1996 release Trailer Park . It was re-released in 1997 , with a different set of b-sides . Both releases contain 4 songs , and were released on CD and vinyl . The initial release peaked at # 76 , and the re-release at # 40 in the UK official singles chart . A very different version of the song also featuring Beth Orton appears on the William Orbit album Strange Cargo Hinterland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "174ad359f3f153cccf0b498b918201ee", "text": "Royal Rumble (2014) Royal Rumble ( 2014 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by WWE and presented by Jackson Hewitt which took place on January 26 , 2014 at the Consol Energy Center in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . It was the twenty-seventh annual Royal Rumble , the first to be held in the city of Pittsburgh and the first WWE pay-per-view in 2014 . The event featured four professional wrestling matches and one pre-show match , two of which were for championships . The main event was the Royal Rumble match , a battle royal in which wrestlers enter the ring at regular intervals . Batista won by last eliminating Roman Reigns to become a two-time Royal Rumble winner . Elsewhere on the event 's card , Randy Orton successfully defended the WWE World Heavyweight Championship against John Cena , Bray Wyatt defeated Daniel Bryan , and Brock Lesnar defeated Big Show . On the event 's pre-show , The New Age Outlaws defeated Goldust and Cody Rhodes to become the new WWE Tag Team Champions . The event is known for the overwhelmingly negative crowd response during the Orton-Cena title match , as well as towards the end of ( and after ) the Royal Rumble match , when the fans booed the Rumble winner Batista and repeatedly chanted for Daniel Bryan ( who had competed earlier in the night and was not involved in the main event ) . Fans worldwide ( including retired wrestler Mick Foley ) voiced their displeasure over social media , and the event was covered by many major news outlets as one of the worst Royal Rumble pay-per-views . However , the bout between Daniel Bryan and Bray Wyatt was highly praised by fans and critics . The event also marked the final wrestling appearance of CM Punk , who walked out on WWE the next day despite still being under contract and subsequently signed a contract to compete in the UFC . The event received 467,000 buys , down 8.8 % from the 512,000 buys for the previous year 's event .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b2b993a806dffbff63b10dc40aa5fb1", "text": "Bad Blood (2003) Bad Blood ( 2003 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) and presented by Maxim Hair Color , which took place on June 15 , 2003 , at the Compaq Center in Houston , Texas . It was the second event produced under the Bad Blood name and starred wrestlers from the Raw brand . This event marked the beginning of worldwide pay-per-views ( with the exception of the older and more significant Royal Rumble , WrestleMania , SummerSlam and Survivor Series pay-per-views ) being brand exclusive ( UK-only pay-per-views had been brand exclusive since Insurrextion 2002 ) . The main event was a Hell in a Cell match , featuring wrestlers fighting in a ring surrounded by a steel structure . In this match , World Heavyweight Champion Triple H defeated Kevin Nash to retain his title . Two predominant bouts were featured on the undercard ; in respective singles matches , Ric Flair defeated Shawn Michaels and Goldberg defeated Chris Jericho . The event marked the second time the Hell in a Cell format was used by WWE in a Bad Blood event ; the first was at In Your House : Badd Blood in 1997 . The 2003 Bad Blood event grossed over $ 500,000 ticket sales from an attendance of 10,000 and received about 285,000 pay-per-view buys , which was more than the following year 's event . This event helped WWE increase its yearly pay-per-view revenue by $ 6.2 million from the previous year . When the event was released on DVD , it reached a peak position of second on Billboard 's DVD Sales Chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e4a50d3049804d71c9435307d1ee619", "text": "Backlash (2003) Backlash ( 2003 ) was the fifth annual Backlash professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It was presented by Castrol GTX , and took place on April 27 , 2003 , at the Worcester Centrum in Worcester , Massachusetts and starred talent from the promotion 's Raw and SmackDown ! brands . The main event and featured match of the Raw brand was the encounter of Goldberg and The Rock , where Goldberg , in his first WWE Pay-Per-View , defeated Rock by pinfall , following a spear and a Jackhammer . The featured match on the undercard was a WWE Championship match from the SmackDown ! brand , between John Cena and the reigning champion , Brock Lesnar , where Lesnar defeated Cena by pinfall after an F-5 . The other predominant match on the undercard was a six-man tag team match from the Raw brand , between the team of Triple H , Ric Flair , and Chris Jericho facing Shawn Michaels , Kevin Nash , and Booker T. Triple H , Flair , and Jericho won the match by pinfall , after Triple H hit Nash with a sledgehammer . The predominant undercard match from the SmackDown ! brand was the encounter of The Big Show and Rey Mysterio , where Big Show pinned Mysterio after a chokeslam . The event grossed $ 450,000 with 10,000 ticket sales and had a 0.67 buyrate . Following the event , Goldberg began a feud with Chris Jericho . At Bad Blood , Goldberg defeated Jericho via pinfall after a Jackhammer . Brock Lesnar began a storyline with The Big Show over the WWE Championship . At Judgment Day , Lesnar defeated The Big Show in a Stretcher match to retain the WWE Championship . Triple H engaged in a storyline with Kevin Nash over the World Heavyweight Championship . At Judgment Day , Nash defeated Triple H via disqualification ; due to WWE regulations , Triple H retained the championship .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d06c8835621b6cc4acc95b4f68d04be8", "text": "Professional wrestling tournament On various occasions in professional wrestling , a single-elimination tournament of varying match types are held , often to determine a championship or number-one contendership therein . It has been known for promotions to use title tournament that are fictitious in nature ( that is , the title may have been simply awarded under the pretext of winning a tournament elsewhere ) - notable ones include the tournaments that established the WWE World Heavyweight Championship , the WWE Intercontinental Championship , and the WWE United States Championship ( the latter when it was the NWA United States Championship ) . In tournaments with a fixed bracket , a multiple-disqualification or a multiple-countout eliminates all parties involved , and those who are slated to face the winner of such a match simply partakes in a match with one less opponent ( or simply does not wrestle , if no opponents remain ) . Tournaments , however , rarely have a final match where only one such finalist remain , with no others qualifying for the final round . Tournaments may employ a single match type throughout , or may vary match by match or round by round .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39f0a4493e96434e3e6a3dbec8775f96", "text": "No Way Out (2008) No Way Out ( 2008 ) was the tenth annual No Way Out professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It took place on February 17 , 2008 , at the Thomas & Mack Center in Las Vegas , Nevada . It starred wrestlers from the Raw , SmackDown , and ECW brands . The main match on the Raw brand was an Elimination Chamber match to determine the number one contender for the WWE Championship at WrestleMania XXIV . Triple H won the match after last eliminating Jeff Hardy . The predominant match on the SmackDown brand was Edge versus Rey Mysterio for the World Heavyweight Championship , in which Edge won after spearing Mysterio in mid-air . The primary match on the ECW brand was Chavo Guerrero versus CM Punk for the ECW Championship . Guerrero won the match and retained the title after pinning Punk following a frog splash . The predominant match on the Raw brand was Randy Orton versus John Cena for the WWE Championship , which Cena won after Orton disqualified himself . The featured match on the undercard was an Elimination Chamber match to determine the number one contender to the World Heavyweight Championship at WrestleMania XXIV . Presented by THQ 's Frontlines : Fuel of War , the event had 329,000 buys , up on the No Way Out 2007 figure of 218,000 buys .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b59f0521e8ad4b0419d30b0ec863ded", "text": "Tony Borne Anthony Wayne `` Tony '' Osborne ( July 13 , 1926 -- August 27 , 2010 ) was an American professional wrestler , better known by his ring name , `` Tough '' Tony Borne .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "896020dc3305dc84f6b0aeddc5f93010", "text": "WWE Cruiserweight Championship (1991–2007) The WWE Cruiserweight Championship was a professional wrestling championship originally used in World Championship Wrestling ( WCW ) and later , World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment ( WWF/WWE ) . It was challenged by cruiserweights at a maximum weight of 225lbs . Following the acquisition of WCW by the then-WWF in 2001 , it became a WWF ( and later , WWE ) championship and replaced the WWF Light Heavyweight Championship . During the first WWE brand extension , it was the only title to be exclusive to the SmackDown ! brand during its entire tenure . The championship was created in WCW in 1996 , with Shinjiro Otani as the inaugural champion . However , following WCW 's purchase , the WWF/E considered the title to be a continuation of the earlier WCW Light Heavyweight Championship , which had been created in 1991 with Brian Pillman as the inaugural champion . The Cruiserweight Championship was retired in 2007 with Hornswoggle as its final holder . A new WWE Cruiserweight Championship was created in 2016 , and although both championships share the same name , the new championship does not carry the lineage of the original . The new WWE Cruiserweight Championship also has a different weight limit of 205lbs ( 93kg )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "673cbbb165cbd443e3ac6fa1018f6150", "text": "Moonsault A moonsault , moonsault press , or back flip splash is a professional wrestling aerial technique . It was innovated by Mando Guerrero . Much of its popularity in both Japanese and American wrestling is attributed to The Great Muta , despite it being used in North America by `` Leaping '' Lanny Poffo years before Muta came from Japan . In a standard moonsault , which is generally attempted from the top rope , a wrestler faces away from the supine opponent and executes a backflip landing on the opponent in a splash/press position but facing towards the elevated position . Though this move is generally attempted from the top rope to an opponent lying face up in the mat , myriad variations exist , including moonsaults that see the wrestler land on a standing opponent and forcing them down to the mat . The move is considered a higher-impact version of a splash , since the wrestler utilizes rotational speed . A less common variation sees the wrestler perform a moonsault on a standing opponent , with the torso of the wrestler striking the torso of the opponent ( albeit upside down ) , forcing the opponent backwards and to the ground with the opponent on top of them , usually placing the opponent in a pinning predicament . Most of the variations listed below can also be performed on standing opponents .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bbb89dfbe79508ea40cecc383bcf4161", "text": "Armageddon (2006) Armageddon ( 2006 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) and presented by Activision 's Call of Duty 3 , which took place on December 17 , 2006 , at the Richmond Coliseum in Richmond , Virginia . The event starred wrestlers from the SmackDown ! brand . The main event was a tag team match , in which the team of Batista and John Cena defeated the team of King Booker and Finlay . Two featured bouts were scheduled on the undercard , including The Undertaker versus Mr. Kennedy , in a match where the objective was to place an opponent in a hearse located on the entrance stage and drive them out of the arena , which Undertaker won . The other match was an Inferno match featuring wrestlers attempting to set the opponent on fire with flames surrounding the ring . Kane defeated Montel Vontavious Porter . The event grossed over $ 423,500 in ticket sales from an attendance of 8,200 . Canadian Online Explorer 's professional wrestling section rated the WWE Tag Team Championship match a nine out of ten stars , the highest match rating . The event was released on DVD on January 16 , 2007 by Sony Music Entertainment . The DVD reached second on Billboard 's DVD Sales Chart for recreational sports during the week of February 18 , 2007 , and it dropped to the tenth spot the following week .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7509f4e711e5191e647cfae879fcbc12", "text": "Bret \"Hit Man\" Hart: The Best There Is, the Best There Was, the Best There Ever Will Be Bret `` Hit Man '' Hart : The Best There Is , The Best There Was , The Best There Ever Will Be also known as The Bret Hart Story : The Best There Is , The Best There Was , The Best There Ever Will Be is a best selling DVD documentary film released as part of a three-DVD set on November 15 , 2005 , by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . The documentary chronicles the career of popular WWE wrestler Bret Hart . Hart collaborated with WWE to make the documentary , contributing hours of interview content to the film . This collaboration marked the first time Hart had worked in an on camera capacity with WWE since the Montreal Screwjob , which was Hart 's last in-ring appearance with the company until his return on January 4 , 2010 . The documentary chronicles Bret Hart 's wrestling career , from how he broke into the business as a member of the Hart family to his run in World Championship Wrestling ( WCW ) . Highlights of matches from his days in his father 's Stampede Wrestling promotion , as well as his time in the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) and WCW are shown while insight is provided from Hart about what went on behind the scenes . This is the second documentary about Bret Hart , the first being Hitman Hart : Wrestling with Shadows ( which was produced with cooperation by the WWF , but not released by WWF/E Home Video ) which chronicles Hart 's last days wrestling in the WWF and talks about his relationship with his brother Owen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e1919e7da85c121dc858bd05e7873fdc", "text": "Ric Savage Frank Huguelet ( born June 5 , 1969 ) is an American retired professional wrestler , better known by his ring name , `` Heavy Metal '' Ric Savage . He is the host of Savage Family Diggers , a reality treasure hunting show airing on Spike TV . He also conducts haunted `` ghost tours '' in Gettysburg , Pennsylvania . Huguelet wrestled across the eastern seaboard of the U.S. from 1990 until 1997 . While spending much of his career in the independent circuits , he also wrestled for the National Wrestling Alliance , United States Wrestling Association , Extreme Championship Wrestling , World Championship Wrestling and National Championship Wrestling .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8184a2637c5ae5041c16f7b13a7b09c1", "text": "WrestleMania 23 WrestleMania 23 was the twenty-third annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It was presented by 360 OTC and took place on April 1 , 2007 , at Ford Field in Detroit , Michigan . The event was the first WrestleMania at Ford Field and the second to take place in the Detroit metropolitan area ( following WrestleMania III , at the Pontiac Silverdome , in Pontiac , Michigan ) . The event was a joint-brand pay-per-view , featuring performers from the Raw , SmackDown ! , and ECW brands . Eight professional wrestling matches were featured on the event 's supercard , a scheduling of more than one main event . The main match on the Raw brand was John Cena versus Shawn Michaels for the WWE Championship , in which Cena won . The predominant match on the SmackDown ! brand was Batista versus The Undertaker for the World Heavyweight Championship , in which The Undertaker was victorious . The primary match on the ECW brand was an eight-man tag team match between The ECW Originals and The New Breed ; The ECW Originals claimed victory in the match . Other featured matches on the card included ECW Champion Bobby Lashley ( representing Donald Trump ) versus Intercontinental Champion Umaga ( representing Vince McMahon ) in a match where either Trump or McMahon would be shaved bald if their wrestler lost , and an eight-man interpromotional Money in the Bank ladder match . Tickets for the event went on sale on November 11 , 2006 . The all-time Ford Field attendance record of 80,103 consisted of people from all fifty U.S. states , twenty-four countries , and nine Canadian provinces . WrestleMania 23 grossed US$ 5.38 million in ticket sales , breaking the previous record of $ 3.9 million held at WrestleMania X8 . WWE estimated that $ 25 million was pumped into the Detroit economy . With about 1.2 million buys , the event was the highest WWE pay-per-view buyrate in history . WrestleMania XXVIII in 2012 passed 1.2 million buys with 1.21 million buys . It also has the fourth highest attendance in WrestleMania history behind only WrestleMania III and later WrestleMania 29 , and WrestleMania 32 which drew 80,676 fans in 2013 and 101,763 in 2016 , respectively .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0301bd931b778ca189ab528b2c278cd5", "text": "Randi Randi is both a given name , and a nickname in the English language , popular in North America and Norway . It is primarily a feminine name , although there is recorded usage of the name by men . It may have originated as a pet form of Miranda or as a feminine form of Randy . In turn , Randy was originally derived from the names Randall , Randolf , Randolph , Bertrand and Andrew . In Norway , Randi is a feminine name that emerged in the 1400s as a short form of Ragnfrid ( Ragnfríðr ) . The original meaning in Old Norse is `` God-loving '' . Ragnfríðr was famously used about three different people in runic inscriptions from the Viking era . Later the variant Rangdid was common in the Middle Ages . Over 20 different people with the name was mentioned in the Regesta Norvegica . By the 1600s the variant Randi was a common feminine name in Norway .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "0801f892b60b8ee6c828d606facc68be", "text": "Arjun Kapoor Arjun Kapoor ( -LSB- ɐrˈɟun kəˈpuːr -RSB- ; born 26 June 1985 ) is an Indian actor who appears in Bollywood films . He is the son of film producers Boney Kapoor and Mona Shourie Kapoor . After working as an assistant director and associate producer on several films , including Kal Ho Naa Ho ( 2003 ) and Wanted ( 2009 ) , he made his acting debut with Habib Faisal 's romantic drama Ishaqzaade ( 2012 ) , for which he was nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut . Kapoor went on to portray a coal bandit in the action film Gunday ( 2014 ) , an aspiring writer in the romance 2 States ( 2014 ) and a stay-at-home husband in the romantic comedy Ki & Ka ( 2016 ) ; all three films earned over worldwide . In addition to acting in film , Kapoor has hosted the 16th IIFA Awards ceremony in 2015 and the seventh season of the television reality show Fear Factor : Khatron Ke Khiladi in 2016 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "7b3d30f65ebaaf052e50d4c13ae50224", "text": "Hindustan Ke Hunarbaaz Hindustan Ke Hunarbaaz was a talent show for children airing on Life OK which premiered on 22 October 2012 and went off air on 16 November 2012 . It aired from Monday to Friday 7:00 IST to 8:00 IST . It believes that every child is special . Unlike many reality shows , it is not a competition . This show aims to showcase children 's talents . Children of age 4-16 can participate . The judges are Terence Lewis and Sonali Bendre and was hosted by Paras Tomar", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ebd75f094014ad3c59fa54274457ec05", "text": "Hum Award for Best Host Hum Award for Best Host is one of the Hum Awards of Merit presented annually by the Hum Television Network and Entertainment Channel ( HTNEC ) to host working in the Television industry . Since its inception , however , the award has commonly been referred to as the hum for Best Host . While hosts are nominated for this award by Hum members who are actors and actresses themselves , winners are selected by the Hum membership as a whole .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e596e6b952cc70e01914d38903bb7065", "text": "Beauty and the Geek Australia Beauty and the Geek Australia is an Australian reality television series on the Seven Network . It was originally hosted by Bernard Curry in the first four series and has been replaced by James Tobin as the new host . It is based on the United States program Beauty and the Geek created by Ashton Kutcher . The premise of the show consists of a group of `` Beauties '' ( young women who have relied primarily on their looks ) and a group of `` Geeks '' ( young men who have relied primarily on intellect rather than social aptitude or looks ) are paired up to compete as teams for a 100,000 prize . As of 27 November 2014 , 49 episodes have aired .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "206835f069d1be9fd86c15df0f8ed1d4", "text": "Akshay Kumar Rajiv Hari Om Bhatia ( born 9 September 1967 ) , better known by his stage name Akshay Kumar , is an Indian-born actor who works in Bollywood films . Kumar is also a producer and martial artist who has appeared in over a hundred Hindi films . Kumar has Canadian citizenship . Kumar won the National Film Award for Best Actor for his performance in Rustom and he has been nominated for Filmfare Awards several times , winning it two times . Box Office India listed Kumar as one of the most successful actors in the history of Indian cinema . In February 2013 , many media outlets reported that the net box-office collection of Kumar 's films had crossed and he was the first and the only Bollywood actor to do so . Having done so , he has established himself as a leading contemporary actor of Hindi cinema . When he began his acting career in the 1990s , he primarily starred in action films and was known for his appearances in films of the `` Khiladi series '' as well as other action films such as Waqt Hamara Hai ( 1993 ) , Mohra ( 1994 ) , Elaan ( 1994 ) , Suhaag ( 1994 ) , Sapoot ( 1996 ) , Jaanwar ( 1999 ) . Later , Kumar also gained fame for his drama , romance , action and comic roles . His performances in romance films like Yeh Dillagi ( 1994 ) , Dhadkan ( 2000 ) , Andaaz ( 2003 ) and Namastey London ( 2007 ) , as well as drama films such as Waqt : The Race Against Time ( 2005 ) . His comic performances in comedy films such as Hera Pheri ( 2000 ) , Mujhse Shaadi Karogi ( 2004 ) , Garam Masala ( 2005 ) , Bhagam Bhag ( 2006 ) , Bhool Bhulaiyaa ( 2007 ) , and Singh Is Kinng ( 2008 ) met with acclaim . In 2007 , he starred in four consecutive commercially successful films . Kumar hit a rough patch since 2009 to 2011 but came back with two successes , Housefull 2 ( 2012 ) and Rowdy Rathore ( 2012 ) with both of them grossing over . His other films like OMG ( 2012 ) , Special 26 ( 2012 ) , Holiday ( 2014 ) and Gabbar Is Back ( 2015 ) were highly successful critically and commercially . From January 2016 to February 2017 , he starred in four Rs 100-crore plus earner in a row with films Airlift ( 2016 ) , Housefull 3 ( 2016 ) , Rustom ( 2016 ) and Jolly LLB 2 ( 2017 ) . Apart from acting , Kumar has also worked as a stunt actor ; he has often performed many dangerous stunts in his films , which has earned him the sobriquet `` Indian Jackie Chan '' . In 2008 , he hosted the show Fear Factor -- Khatron Ke Khiladi . The next year , he founded the Hari Om Entertainment production company . In 2012 , he founded another production company called Grazing Goat Pictures . In 2014 , Kumar launched TV realty show Dare 2 Dance . He also owns the team Khalsa Warriors in the World Kabaddi League . In 2015 , Kumar was ranked 9th in Forbes ' first global list of highest-paid actors in the world . In 2008 , the University of Windsor conferred an Honorary Doctorate on Kumar in recognition of his contribution to Indian cinema . The following year he was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India . In 2011 , The Asian Awards honoured Kumar for his outstanding achievement in Cinema .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e781a6450d10157519c30e6ea8d967a", "text": "Sanjay Kapoor Sanjay Kapoor is a Bollywood actor and producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fbe3ec955ae11a76fe31382e9b46dca4", "text": "Mini Mathur Mini Mathur is an Indian television host , actress and model . She was the host of the Indian reality singing contest Indian Idol for 4 seasons . Earlier , she was a VJ on MTV India where she hosted many popular shows for the channel . She is an MBA in marketing & recently played a role in the film I , Me Aur Main . She currently also hosts an interview based show with politicians , industrialists and opinion makers called `` Dilli dil se '' . She was a contestant in the second season of Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa in 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "745fe2d18c43313d636be2ea77bbc442", "text": "13th Critics' Choice Awards The 13th Critics ' Choice Awards were given on 7 January 2008 to honor the finest achievements in 2007 filmmaking . D. L. Hughley hosted the event .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a024c98f06eb29ca96c83b8eef9b2ac", "text": "Food Food Maha Challenge Food Food Maha Challenge is an Indian competitive cooking game show on Food Food TV channel . It is produced by FremantleMedia and screens on `` FoodFood channel '' . Chef Sanjeev Kapoor and actress Madhuri Dixit serve as the show 's main judges . Season 1 of show started airing on FoodFood on every Friday at 1:00 PM IST . The first episode aired on 9 September 2011 , and the season one finale was broadcast on 2 December 2011 . The first winner of Food Food Maha Challenge was Saransh Goila , a 24-year-old actor & chef from Delhi . He was awarded the title of being India 's first Super Chef . Season 1 Was hosted by Actress Madhuri Dixit who is a renowned Bollywood diva , along with Chef Sanjeev Kapoor who is an Indian Celebrity chef & entrepreneur .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4113708775ef709ce3c9208276482922", "text": "Dance Bangla Dance Dance Bangla Dance is a Bengali reality show program . It airs in the Zee Bangla television network of India.It first started in 2009 april 6 following Dance India Dance by Mithun grand master himself Mithun Chakraborty had been the show 's host from the beginning but according to a news article published in Anandabazar Patrika , Ananda Plus on 6 December 2013 , the 2014 session will not be judged by Chakraborty . Recently it has been telecasted in the Zee Bangla 's show Dadagiri , that Dev will be the judge of it from season 8 . Some of the other celebrities who have judged the show are Swastika Mukherjee , and Ananya Chatterjee .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d97951706285561a338328060cbefd3", "text": "7th Lux Style Awards The 2008 Lux Style Awards , officially known as the 7th Lux Style Awards ceremony , presented by the Lux Style Awards honours the best films of 2008 and took place at the DHA Golf Club , Karachi on 29th Oct , 08 . This year , the city of lights played host to the Pakistani Film Industry . The official ceremony took place on 29th Oct , 08 , at the Expo Centre , in Karachi . During the ceremony , Lux Style Awards were awarded in 29 competitive categories . The ceremony was televised in Pakistan and internationally on Geo TV . Actor Shaan Shahid and rockstar Ali Azmat hosted the ceremony . Fawad Khan also hosted some parts of the show .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9529bb0f40f07093951fa57aeee9b9f9", "text": "Karanvir Bohra Karanvir Bohra -LSB- kəˈrəɳʋiːr boːhraː -RSB- ( born Manoj Bohra , 30 August 1982 ) is an actor , producer and designer . He has starred in the TV shows Kasautii Zindagii Kay , Dil Se Di Dua ... Saubhagyavati Bhava ? and Qubool Hai and also in the movies Kismat Konnection and Mumbai 125 KM . He participated in the reality shows Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 6 , Khatron Ke Khiladi Darr Ka Blockbuster . Bohra also owns a men wear clothing line , Pegasus .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "244322c544aa8364321011d59de4ae30", "text": "Gauhar Khan Gauhar Khan ( also known as Gauahar Khan , born 23 August 1983 ) is an Indian model and actress . After pursuing modeling , she made her acting debut in 2009 with Yash Raj Films ' Rocket Singh : Salesman of the Year . Khan also starred in films such as the action thriller Game ( 2011 ) , the revenge drama Ishaqzaade ( 2012 ) , the suspense thriller Fever ( 2016 ) and the romantic comedy Badrinath Ki Dulhania ( 2017 ) . She has featured in songs including `` Naa Pere Kanchan Mala '' ( Shankar Dada M.B.B.S. , 2004 ) , `` Nasha Nasha '' ( Aan : Men at Work , 2004 ) , `` Parda Parda '' ( Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai , 2010 ) and `` Jhalla Walla '' and `` Chokra Jawaan '' ( Ishaqzaade , 2012 ) . She was the winner of Bigg Boss 7 , a reality show on Colors TV . She has a starring role in the Bollywood musical , Zangoora .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30c334a48c3b3095fae6b34b2880301f", "text": "Rukawat Ke Liye Khed Hai Rukawat Ke Liye Khed Hai is a TV show which started its first season on 26 April 2015 . It is hosted by Karan Singhmar . The show is about fooling people with different unusual tactics and catching the fun moments with hidden cameras . It is produced by Kosmik Global Media Pvt. Ltd. . The show airs on Sab TV , every Sunday at 12.30 pm and 7.30 pm .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02d168b5ae35fedf51eadc62415e6d93", "text": "Fear Factor India Fear Factor India was an Indian adaptation of the popular reality show Fear Factor . The series premiered on Sony TV on March 10 , 2006 , and was presented by Indian television actor Mukul Dev . The season 2 and onward seasons of the series aired on the Indian channel Colors Viacom 18 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07e8b6c5a3a3659cd476f4de55328d3d", "text": "Nadia Khan Show Nadia Khan Show is a talk show on Pakistan 's Geo Entertainment , started in 2006 and hosted by presenter and producer Nadia Khan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1bc0c62236049401fb82c52e9cab7ccb", "text": "Dance Plus Dance Plus ( tagline : Ise Kehte Hain Dance ) is an Indian dance competition reality television series , which premiered on 26 July 2015 and broadcast on STAR Plus . The series is produced by Urban Brew Studios . The auditions for the show were carried out in thirteen cities in India , between 3 June 2015 and 11 October 2015 . The Winner of Dance + Season 1 was V Company from Team Dharmesh . The series is hosted by Raghav Juyal , with Remo D'Souza as the Super Judge . Dharmesh Yelande , Sumeet Nagdev and Shakti Mohan are the mentors of the show .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4e7f97466a446692303491f6b00969f", "text": "Star Anchor Hunt Star Anchor Hunt , was an Indian Reality Television show , hosted on Star News .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d72f9e93c77d04269ec033c333d3f75", "text": "Human Factor (Armenian TV series) The Human Factor ( -LSB- : hy : Մարդկային գործոն , `` Մարդկային գործոն '' -RSB- ) is an Armenian weekday television news broadcast and talk show , first aired in 2013 on June 10 on Armenia TV . It aims to address difficult social issues .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d96c0c71ebbd11d0241be06b41df8f5", "text": "Don't Worry Ho Jayega Do n't Worry Ho Jayega is an Indian television comedy series that aired on Sahara TV now as Sahara One . The series stars known comedy actor Ashok Saraf in the main lead , and is produced by his wife Nivedita Saraf . The series premiered on April 4 , 2000 , and aired on every Tuesday at 8pm IST .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67b9b3c4a1a7d398790394c0dc4ba9dc", "text": "Maanada Mayilada Maanada Mayilada is an Indian dance competition show airing since 2005 on Kalaignar TV . The show was conceived , produced and directed by noted choreographer Kala Master . She is also one of the judges and the only constant judge throughout the show . Other judges have been Brinda , Kushboo Sundar , Rambha , Namitha , Simran , Mumtaj , Sudha Chandran , Meena . Prasanth and Srikanth . Sanjeev and Keerthi have been the hosts for all seasons . The choreographers for this dance show include Prem Master , Anthony Master , Rajesh Master , Ramesh Master , Chandru Master , Raghu Master , Sandy Master , Mani Master , Tamil Master , Bala Master , Nantha . Maanada Mayilada has alternative choreographers and sometimes the choreographers help each other during the seasons . Maanada Mayilada is best known for the types of dance shown and the beautiful , unique sets brought by Kala Master . The sets have become a major highlight and are appreciated by the audience .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "408564940f9511892b6a6d627ff2ee99", "text": "John Malkovich John Gavin Malkovich ( born December 9 , 1953 ) is an American actor , director , and producer . He has appeared in more than 70 films . For his roles in Places in the Heart and In the Line of Fire , he received Academy Award nominations . He has also appeared in films such as Empire of the Sun , The Killing Fields , Con Air , Of Mice and Men , Rounders , Ripley 's Game , Knockaround Guys , Being John Malkovich , Shadow of the Vampire , Burn After Reading , RED , Mulholland Falls , Dangerous Liaisons , and Warm Bodies , as well as producing films such as Ghost World , Juno , and The Perks of Being a Wallflower . In January 2017 , he launched his menswear fashion line with an online shop .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c9713caaa9368da3ecf14d3474681057", "text": "Boychoir (film) Boychoir is a 2014 American drama film directed by François Girard and written by Ben Ripley . The film stars Dustin Hoffman , Kathy Bates , Debra Winger , Josh Lucas and the American Boychoir School .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f523db6cb474f403db2ffd0ab9ceead", "text": "Fair Game (1995 film) Fair Game is a 1995 American action film directed by Andrew Sipes . It stars Cindy Crawford as family law attorney Kate McQuean and William Baldwin as Max Kirkpatrick , a Florida police officer . Kirkpatrick ends up on the run to protect McQuean when she is targeted for murder by ex-members of the KGB with interests in a ship owned by a Cuban man who may lose it in a divorce case being pursued by McQuean . The film is based on Paula Gosling 's novel of the same name , which was previously adapted into the 1986 Sylvester Stallone film Cobra . Locations used for the film included Coral Gables , Florida , Miami Beach , and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8647b2eb8a26e412ed44ffe47fcb933d", "text": "Alien (film) Alien is a 1979 British-American science-fiction horror film directed by Ridley Scott , and starring Sigourney Weaver , Tom Skerritt , Veronica Cartwright , Harry Dean Stanton , John Hurt , Ian Holm and Yaphet Kotto . The film 's title refers to a highly aggressive extraterrestrial creature that stalks and kills the crew of a spaceship . Dan O'Bannon wrote the screenplay from a story he wrote with Ronald Shusett , drawing influence from previous works of science fiction and horror . The film was produced by Gordon Carroll , David Giler and Walter Hill through their Brandywine Productions and distributed by 20th Century Fox . Giler and Hill made revisions and additions to the script . Shusett was executive producer . The eponymous Alien and its accompanying elements were designed by Swiss artist H. R. Giger , while concept artists Ron Cobb and Chris Foss designed the human aspects of the film . Alien launched the Alien franchise and is chronologically the first of the main series , with the prequel series set in an earlier timeframe . Alien received both critical acclaim and box office success , receiving an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects , Saturn Awards for Best Science Fiction Film , Best Direction for Scott , and Best Supporting Actress for Cartwright , and a Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation , along with numerous other award nominations . It has remained highly praised in subsequent decades , being considered one of the greatest films of all time . In 2002 , the film was deemed `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' by the Library of Congress and was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry . In 2008 , it was ranked as the seventh-best film in the science fiction genre by the American Film Institute , and as the 33rd greatest film of all time by Empire magazine . The success of Alien spawned a media franchise of novels , comic books , video games , and toys . It also launched Weaver 's acting career by providing her with her first lead role , and the story of her character Ellen Ripley 's encounters with the Alien creatures became the thematic thread that ran through the sequels Aliens ( 1986 ) , Alien 3 ( 1992 ) and Alien : Resurrection ( 1997 ) . , a crossover with the Predator franchise produced the Alien vs. Predator series , which includes Alien vs. Predator ( 2004 ) and Aliens vs. Predator : Requiem ( 2007 ) , and also a prequel series of films , which includes Prometheus ( 2012 ) and Alien : Covenant ( 2017 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b0813a2a680576abbbe627a55f0977f", "text": "The Game Is Over The Game Is Over ( original title La Curée , `` The Kill '' ) is a 1966 French-Italian French language film directed by Roger Vadim and starring Jane Fonda , Michel Piccoli and Peter McEnery . The film is a modern-day adaptation of the 1871-72 novel La Curée by Émile Zola .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8d003301901788c14fa04f007ea633a", "text": "Arachnophobia (film) Arachnophobia is a 1990 American thriller-comedy film directed by Frank Marshall and starring Jeff Daniels and John Goodman . It was the first film released by The Walt Disney Studios ' Hollywood Pictures label , as well as being the directorial debut of Marshall . The film 's story centers on a newly discovered Venezuelan spider being transported to a small American town that produces a new species of deadly spiders , which begin killing the town 's residents one by one . Shooting took place in Venezuela and California and the film was released in the United States on July 18 , 1990 . It was a modest commercial success , gaining $ 53.21 million at the box office . It received generally positive reviews from critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1831e9dff489c652ede97dfd52be6a3e", "text": "Creature from the Black Lagoon (pinball) Creature from the Black Lagoon is a pinball machine designed by John Trudeau ( `` Dr. Flash '' ) and released by Midway ( under the Bally brand name ) . It is loosely based on the movie of the same name . The game 's theme is 1950 's drive-in theater . The pinball machine was licensed from Universal Studios by Bally so that the backglass artwork , the cabinet artwork , and the creature looked like the original movie actors and monsters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "95761e26456cf2f24e211312b5b3121e", "text": "Game (Scientology) In the Church of Scientology , the Official Scientology and Dianetics glossary defines L. Ron Hubbard 's concept of `` game '' as : game : a contest of person against person or team against team . A game consists of freedoms , barriers and purposes , and there is a necessity in a game to have an opponent or an enemy . Also there is a necessity to have problems , and enough individuality to cope with a situation . To live life fully , then , one must have in addition to `` something to do , '' a higher purpose , and this purpose , to be a purpose at all , must have counter-purposes or purposes which prevent it from occurring . The Aberree noted in its Volume 3 , issue 1 ( April 1956 ) : `` Scientology is Hubbard 's game ... It is also anyone 's game who really wants to own and play it . '' Scientologist and jazz musician Chick Corea refers to Hubbard 's `` game '' concept in his song `` What Games Shall We Play Today ? '' Compare the Scientological view of life as `` a game . A game in which everyone can win and no one need lose . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2060c308718e50d560ebcb8ef91d2dd", "text": "The Believers The Believers is a 1987 American neo-noir thriller film directed by John Schlesinger , released in 1987 and starring Martin Sheen , Robert Loggia and Helen Shaver . It is based on the 1982 novel The Religion by Nicholas Conde .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d69b0e30a44d230327e3113a958735b9", "text": "Young Dillinger Young Dillinger is a 1965 gangster film . It stars Nick Adams as the notorious criminal John Dillinger , and co-stars Robert Conrad , John Ashley and Mary Ann Mobley .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5324570341ce64ebf3ceb29e24d262eb", "text": "Alienator Alienator is a 1989 science fiction/action/thriller , directed by filmmaker Fred Olen Ray -- the producer , director , and screenwriter of over one hundred low to medium-budget feature films in many genres -- and starring Jan-Michael Vincent , star of the CBS television series Airwolf . Alienator is among several films produced by Jeffrey C. Hogue . The movie was described by Leonard Maltin and confirmed by Fred Olen Ray to be a `` semi-remake '' of the 1957 film The Astounding She-Monster . Robert Clarke , who starred in that movie , also appears in Alienator .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "825010961644c296dd1ae07fe6e242f2", "text": "Al Rockoff Al Rockoff is an American photojournalist made famous by his coverage of the Vietnam War and of the Khmer Rouge takeover of Phnom Penh , Cambodia 's capital . He was portrayed in the Academy Award winning film The Killing Fields by actor John Malkovich , although he has never been happy with this portrayal . Rockoff was born in Pawtucket , Rhode Island and is half Russian and half Irish . After enlisting in the Navy while under age , he subsequently became an Army photographer in South Vietnam .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc80cd00e229c7c1092c05740fd4701e", "text": "Swimming Pool (2001 film) Swimming Pool is a 2001 German slasher film , known in Germany as Swimming Pool - Der Tod feiert mit and The Pool in the United States . It was directed by Boris von Sychowski and stars James McAvoy , Isla Fisher , Kristen Miller , and Jason Liggett . It was followed by Swimming Pool 2 in 2005 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ce6144f21aedd6c0904ef060cc9b80e", "text": "The Verdict The Verdict is a 1982 American courtroom drama film starring Paul Newman , Charlotte Rampling , Jack Warden , James Mason , Milo O'Shea and Lindsay Crouse . The film , which was directed by Sidney Lumet , was adapted by David Mamet from the novel by Barry Reed . It is about a down-on-his-luck alcoholic lawyer who takes a medical malpractice case to improve his own situation , but discovers along the way that he is doing the right thing . The Verdict garnered critical acclaim and box office success . The film was nominated for five Academy Awards , including Best Actor in a Leading Role ( Paul Newman ) , Best Actor in a Supporting Role ( James Mason ) , Best Director ( Sidney Lumet ) , Best Picture and Best Adapted Screenplay ( David Mamet ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ba795b1ed2e284dd883992a9b8674d2", "text": "The Lost World: Jurassic Park (console game) The Lost World : Jurassic Park is an action-adventure video game developed by DreamWorks Interactive and Appaloosa Interactive , and published by Electronic Arts and Sega for the Sony PlayStation and Sega Saturn , respectively , in 1997 . The Lost World : Jurassic Park is based on the film of the same name , which in turn is based on the novel by Michael Crichton . In 1998 a special edition of the game was released for the Sony PlayStation as a Greatest Hits title and featured several modifications to the gameplay .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1f7deadfaa275f35ce9b3aaac7d2ac1", "text": "Déjà Vu (2006 film) Déjà Vu ( stylised onscreen without accents ) is a 2006 American science fiction thriller film directed by Tony Scott , written by Bill Marsilii and Terry Rossio , and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer . The film stars Denzel Washington , Paula Patton , Jim Caviezel , Val Kilmer , Adam Goldberg and Bruce Greenwood . It involves an ATF agent who travels back in time in attempts to prevent a domestic terrorist attack that takes place in New Orleans and to save a woman with whom he falls in love . Filming took place in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina . The film was premiered in New York City on November 20 , 2006 , and released widely in the United States and Canada two days later on November 22 , 2006 . It received mixed reviews from critics , and earning $ 64 million in the United States and $ 180 million worldwide . It was the 23rd most successful film worldwide for 2006 . The film was nominated for five awards , and also won the Golden Reel Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f552d1abd43dab1ae24828341f90310", "text": "Astor Theatre The Astor Theatre was located at 1537 Broadway , at West 45th Street in Times Square in New York City . It opened September 21 , 1906 with Shakespeare 's A Midsummer Night 's Dream and continued to operate as a Broadway theatre until 1925 . From 1925 until it closed in 1972 it was a first-run movie theater . The theater was designed by architect George W. Keister . It was demolished in 1982 to make way for the Marriott Marquis Hotel . The Astor was first managed by Lincoln A. Wagenhals and Collin Kemper , then by George M. Cohan and Sam Harris , and later by the Shubert Organization . Among the plays that debuted at the Astor were Cohan 's Seven Keys to Baldpate ( 1913 ) and Why Marry ? ( 1917 ) by Jesse Lynch Williams , the first winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Drama . In 1925 Loew 's Theatres bought the Astor and converted it into a movie house in order to have a Times Square `` road show '' showcase for first-run films from the MGM film studio . The Big Parade ( 1925 ) was the first film shown at the Astor where it ran for a continuous 96-week engagement . Other films to make their Times Square debuts at the Astor include The Broadway Melody ( 1929 ) , Grand Hotel ( 1932 ) , The Great Ziegfeld ( 1936 ) and Gone With the Wind ( 1939 ) for MGM ; and Alfred Hitchcock 's Spellbound ( 1945 ) and The Beatles in A Hard Day 's Night '' ( 1964 ) for United Artists .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d67e6f4e87164f14868e3f6cf979202e", "text": "The Lost World: Jurassic Park (film score) Like its predecessor , The Lost World : Jurassic Park was scored by famed composer John Williams ( a longtime collaborator with director Steven Spielberg ) , orchestrated by Conrad Pope and John Neufeld , and recorded in Los Angeles . Notably , Williams did not write a stereotypical sequel score , but instead developed a wildly different style for the different location , cast , and darker tone of the second Jurassic Park film . The original soundtrack album -- released by MCA Records on April 30 , 1997 -- features over seventy minutes of the film 's music , including some material that was unused in the film 's final cut ( e.g. `` The Hunt '' ) . The single disc is packaged in a paper case that opens to reveal dioramas of jungle scenery and dinosaurs from the film . A John Williams collection edition , joint with the soundtrack to the first movie , was released by La-La Land Records on November 29 , 2016 , remastered and featuring additional unreleased music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81bbd36b114d04ff9a4de41ad2ac0e4e", "text": "The Chamber (film) The Chamber is a 1996 crime thriller film based on John Grisham 's novel of the same name . The film was directed by James Foley and stars Gene Hackman and Chris O'Donnell .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "defc42bdb0ecbd43cac9b0dea624d1a6", "text": "Bunker 6 Bunker 6 is a Canadian psychological thriller film set in an alternate timeline in which a nuclear holocaust takes place during the Cuban Missile Crisis . Most of the film 's action is set a decade later , inside a very large fallout shelter , in which a group of survivors are faced with the dilemma of continuing life in the shelter or facing the uncertainty of life in a world contaminated by radiation . Theatrically released , the film was also destined for television and `` direct-to-video '' release . Directed by Canadian writer and director Greg Jackson , in his first feature film , it stars Andrea Lee Norwood and Molly Dunsworth . The supporting cast includes Jim Fowler , Glen Matthews and Shelley Thompson . The film was shot in an actual fallout shelter in Nova Scotia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b73f0b448ba6ef24a13beb931754057", "text": "The Game (1984 film) The Game also known as The Cold is a low budget 1984 horror film directed by Bill Rebane . The film was made in Wisconsin and released theatrically by Trans World Entertainment .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "e22896c67513b7f5ff82dd78af9b7ddc", "text": "Andy Warhol Andy Warhol ( -LSB- ˈwɔrhɒl -RSB- born Andrew Warhola ; August 6 , 1928 -- February 22 , 1987 ) was an American artist , director and producer who was a leading figure in the visual art movement known as pop art . His works explore the relationship between artistic expression , celebrity culture , and advertising that flourished by the 1960s , and span a variety of media , including painting , silkscreening , photography , film , and sculpture . Some of his best known works include the silkscreen paintings Campbell 's Soup Cans ( 1962 ) and Marilyn Diptych ( 1962 ) , the experimental film Chelsea Girls ( 1966 ) , and the multimedia events known as the Exploding Plastic Inevitable ( 1966 -- 67 ) . Born and raised in Pittsburgh , Warhol initially pursued a successful career as a commercial illustrator . After exhibiting his work in several galleries in the late 1950s , he began to receive recognition as an influential and controversial artist . His New York studio , The Factory , became a well-known gathering place that brought together distinguished intellectuals , drag queens , playwrights , Bohemian street people , Hollywood celebrities , and wealthy patrons . He promoted a collection of personalities known as Warhol superstars , and is credited with coining the widely used expression `` 15 minutes of fame . '' In the late 1960s , he managed and produced the experimental rock band The Velvet Underground and founded Interview magazine . He authored numerous books , including The Philosophy of Andy Warhol and Popism : The Warhol Sixties . He is also notable as a gay man who lived openly as such before the gay liberation movement . After a gallbladder surgery in 1987 , Warhol died in February of that year at the age of 58 . Warhol has been the subject of numerous retrospective exhibitions , books , and feature and documentary films . The Andy Warhol Museum in his native city of Pittsburgh , which holds an extensive permanent collection of art and archives , is the largest museum in the United States dedicated to a single artist . Many of his creations are very collectible and highly valuable . The highest price ever paid for a Warhol painting is US$ 105 million for a 1963 canvas titled `` Silver Car Crash ( Double Disaster ) '' ; his works include some of the most expensive paintings ever sold . A 2009 article in The Economist described Warhol as the `` bellwether of the art market '' .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c2ccb39b1d795c2ac8c797ac5300bf4f", "text": "Tomasz Rut Tomasz Rut ( pronounced root ) was born in 1961 and raised in Warsaw , Poland , the son of an Olympic athlete father and artist mother who together encouraged a love of art and the classics . During his childhood Rut was introduced to the Pompeiien Frescos as well as Renaissance and Baroque art , which have influenced his oils on canvas , murals , and graphic works . Rut had his first showing in Warsaw at the age of eleven . Trained in Art Conservation at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw , Rut continued his education in New York City at the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn and at Columbia University in Manhattan . He eventually took a job in art conservation for the Biltmore House in Asheville , North Carolina , traveling the east coast restoring large scale murals in museums and mansions for such clients as the Smithsonian Institution and the U.S. Treasury Department in Washington , DC , the New Jersey State House in Trenton , the Gusman Center for the Arts and Vizcaya Museum in Miami . It was during these travels he began to notice the void of figurative paintings from the past that one could purchase , so Rut invented a style aimed at filling this void . This style incorporated cracked canvasses that mimic aged Italian frescoes and figurative oils . `` The one element evident in all of my paintings is the superficial patina or aging , '' which is created with a variety of transparent and semitransparent glazes , giving each work the aged and classic appearance that exemplifies Rut 's style . Rut 's mural size paintings are contemporary conversions of the classical vocabulary variously continued by Michelangelo , Raphael , Titian , and Rubens . In making them he returns to antiquity by a double detour . First , he sets in motion the charming unreal apparatus of the Quattrocento mise-en-scene , and more importantly its heroic nudity , vigorous modeling , expressive anatomic structure , powerful movement and fascinating physiognomy . Tinged with sadness , his super-human youths play once more on Arcadian pipes ( i.e. pan flute ) - a motif also reprised by Matisse . Alternatively , he offers us impossible delicate , gracile females - ` still unravished bride ( s ) of quietness ' - delimiting them with sylvan togas and braided tresses . Nor does he leave rearing steeds , which in the grand manner represent humanity 's turbulent passions . Dorothy Keane-White , Art Curator & Director for Northwood University . The subjects of Rut 's paintings , whether a figure , horse , or object , is at the center of every work , surrounded by compressed space with few background details to distract from the subject .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9dc770aa5415fbaefca5fb24d39c3536", "text": "Mimara Museum The Mimara Museum ( Muzej Mimara ) is an art museum in the city of Zagreb , Croatia . It is situated at the Roosevelt Square , housing the collection by Wiltrud and Ante Topić Mimara . Its full official name is the Art Collection of Ante and Wiltrud Topić Mimara . According to Thomas Hoving , `` Topic Mimara 's hoard of masterpieces are 95 percent fakes produced by him and his hired forgers . '' Of the total of 3,700 varied works of art , more than 1,500 exhibits constitute permanent holdings , dating from the prehistoric period up to the 20th century . Some of the most famous exhibits include works by Lorenzetti , Giorgione , Veronese , Canaletto , 60 paintings by the Dutch masters Van Goyen , Ruisdael , 50 works by the Flemish masters Van der Weyden , Bosch , Rubens , Van Dyck , more than 30 by the Spanish masters Velázquez , Murillo , Goya , some 20 paintings by the German masters Holbein , Liebermann , Leibl , some 30 paintings by the English painters Gainsborough , Turner , Bonington and more than 120 paintings by the French masters Georges de La Tour , Boucher , Chardin , Delacroix , Corot , Manet , Renoir , Degas . The drawings collection holds some 200 drawings by Bronzino , Guardi , Claude Lorrain , Le Brun , Oudry , Greuze , Géricault , and Friesz . The museum was opened in 1987 . The building itself originates from the 19th century , its conversion to a museum overseen by a Zagreb architect Kuno Waidmann ; originally it served as a gymnasium .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0eb2466e8f32a1ab095e6ae521f5688", "text": "Stanley Boxer Stanley Boxer ( 1926-May 8 , 2000 ) was an American artist best known for thickly painted abstract works of art . He was also an accomplished sculptor and printmaker . Boxer was born in New York City , and began his formal education after World War II , when he left the Navy and studied at the Art Students League of New York . He drew , painted , made prints , and sculpted . His work was recognized by art critic Clement Greenberg , who categorized him as a color field painter , a designation which Boxer rejected . Art critic Grace Glueck wrote `` Never part of a movement or trend , though obviously steeped in the language of Modernism , the abstract painter Stanley Boxer was a superb manipulator of surfaces , intensely bonding texture and color . '' Boxer offered an explanation of his philosophy and working process : In 1953 Boxer had his first solo exhibition of paintings in New York City , and showed regularly thereafter until his death . His paintings and sculpture were represented in New York City during the late 1960s through 1974 by the Tibor de Nagy Gallery , then by the André Emmerich Gallery from 1975 until 1993 , and finally by Salander-O'Reilly Galleries until its demise in 2007 . Richard Waller , director of the University of Richmond 's Harnett Museum of Art , describes his evolution as an artist : One man museum exhibitions were held at the Rose Art Museum and the Butler Institute of American Art . His work is included in the permanent collections of numerous museums , including the Metropolitan Museum of Art , the Tate Gallery , the Museum of Modern Art and the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York , the Hirshhorn Museum in Washington , and the Boston Museum of Fine Art . Boxer received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1975 and a National Endowment for the Arts Visual Artists Fellowship Grant in 1989 . In 1993 he was elected as a full member to the National Academy of Design . Boxer died May 8 , 2000 in Pittsfield , Massachusetts . He was 73 years old . According to Boxer 's wife of 49 years , the artist Joyce Weinstein , Boxer created more than 7,000 drawings , paintings , and sculptures , about 700 of which were part of his estate at the time of his death .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6cc3f0844faf1e31ae01da9656dc38c5", "text": "John A. Walker (art critic) John Albert Walker ( born 1938 ) is a British art critic and historian who has written over 15 books on modern and contemporary art with an emphasis on mass media . He has also written on design history methodology . Walker 's books include Art since Pop ( 1975 ) , Design History and the History of Design with Judy Attfield ( 1990 ) , John Latham : The Incidental Person - His Art and Ideas ( 1994 ) , Cultural Offensive : America 's Impact on British Art since 1945 ( 1998 ) , Art & Outrage ( 1999 ) , Supercollector : A Critique of Charles Saatchi with Rita Hatton ( 2000 ) , Left Shift : Radical Art in 1970s Britain ( 2001 ) , Art in the Age of Mass Media ( 3rd ed. : 2001 ) , Art and Celebrity ( 2003 ) , and Firefighters in Art and Media : A Pictorial History ( 2009 ) . Walker was a Reader in Art and Design History at Middlesex University near London until retiring in 1999 . He was trained as a painter at Newcastle upon Tyne . With regard to John Latham : The Incidental Person - His Art and Ideas ( 1994 ) , John A. Walker wrote a contentious article on Artnet.com after John Latham 's death . In it , Walker revealed that there was a legal conflict with Latham concerning the book . The article is titled `` The Perils of Publishing '' . He also released legal letters concerning the conflict , in which he is quoted : `` Latham acts as if he is the commissioner or patron of the book rather than its subject matter ... He tries to treat me like a slave whose function is to write down exactly what he dictates . This is not on ... '' . In Art in the Age of Mass Media ( 2001 ) , Walker writes thematic essays including how ` art uses mass culture ' , ` the mass media use art ' , for example , direct references to art in advertisements , ` art and new media technologies ' and ` art and mass media 1990-2000 ' . In this last-mentioned chapter , for example , he refers to ` the artist as media celebrity : Damien Hirst ' , and writes : `` During the 1990s , Damien Hirst -LSB- b. 1965 -RSB- became Britain 's most famous , young , living sculptor and painter , in part because of his own flair for self-promotion and the publicity skills of his primary patron Charles Saatchi ... Saatchi , of course , was an expert at expoiting the mass media because of his long career in advertising . '' In Art and Celebrity , Walker offers five thematic chapters including ` Celebrities as Art Collectors and Artists ' showing artworks by Ronnie Wood of the Rolling Stones , and actors Anthony Quinn and Dennis Hopper , and shows Madonna awarding artist Martin Creed the UK 's Turner Prize in 2001 . Other chapters include ` Artists depict Celebrities ' , ` Simulation and Celebrities ' , ` Alternative Heroes ' including the artwork The Dinner Party ( 1979 ) by Judy Chicago and Che ( 2000 ) depicting Che Guevara by Gavin Turk . The final chapter focuses on ` Art Stars ' about the cult of the artist and the celebrity artist . This refers back to artists in the Italian Renaissance , to Rembrandt , and van Gogh . Particular attention is given to 20th/21st century artists : Picasso , Salvador Dalí , Jackson Pollock , Francis Bacon , David Hockney , Yoko Ono , Andy Warhol , Joseph Beuys , Gilbert & George , Julian Schnabel , Jean-Michel Basquiat , Jeff Koons , Damien Hirst , and Tracey Emin . In the conclusion , Walker lists out his view of the advantages and disadvantages of becoming an art star . In June 2009 , Walker produced a limited edition Saatchi branding iron . Artnet.com reported that the iron is `` an actual implement that can be used to burn the collector 's name into wooden stretcher bars , if not into `` artist 's flesh , dead cows , sheep and sharks , etc. . . Promised soon are ` GOGO ' ( art gallerist Larry Gagosian ) and ` JAY JOP ' ( art gallerist Jay Jopling ) branding irons as well '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15f9f703d1b29f997107c5d990999fbc", "text": "15 minutes of fame 60 minutes of fame is short-lived media publicity or celebrity of an individual or phenomenon . The expression was inspired by Andy Warhol 's words `` In the future , everyone will be world-famous for 60 minutes '' , which appeared in the program for a 1968 exhibition of his work at the Moderna Museet in Stockholm , Sweden . Photographer Nat Finkelstein claims credit for the expression , stating that he was photographing Warhol in 1966 for a proposed book . A crowd gathered trying to get into the pictures and Warhol supposedly remarked that everyone wants to be famous , to which Finkelstein replied , `` Yeah , for about fifteen minutes , Andy . '' The phenomenon is often used in reference to figures in the entertainment industry or other areas of popular culture , such as reality television and YouTube . An older version of the same concept in English is the expression `` nine days ' wonder '' , which dates at least as far back as the Elizabethan era .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3c9e2e67ca3abd23a48011dd2e82ae71", "text": "Leather wallpaper Leather wallpaper is a type of wallpaper used in various styles for wall covering . It is often referred to as wrought leather . It is often gilded , painted and decorated . With the advent of wallpaper use from about 1650-1750 , leather was used to cover and decorate sections of walls in the habitations of wealthy persons . Leather is pliable and could be decorated in various ways . Embossed wall coverings made to imitate antique embossed leather include Tynecastle , or Modeled Canvas . It was developed and patented in 1874 by designer W. Scott Morton ( 1840-1903 ) . It was made by hand pressing canvas into carved wooden molds and dry it . It was colored after it was stuck to the wall . Japanese Leather Paper imitates embossed leather . It is crafted from sheets of handmade paper pressed together . It is then embossed and gilded with the field color stenciled on it . A coat of lacquer was added to protect it and create a sheen . During the colonial period in the United States , embossed leather panels were occasionally used as an accent , as a dado , on a screen , or above a chimney . In the last quarter of the 19th century , leather panels were revived and used in select rooms of mansions such as libraries . Introduced in the 1860s as `` oil leather papers '' , the coverings later became known as `` leather paper '' and were offered in catalogs from Paul Balin in Paris ' Birge in Buffalo , New York ; and Jeffrey & Co. and Woollams & Co. . They included embossing , gild and painted finishes designed to imitate leather wallpaper and were used to line furniture and cabinets . Their use continued in fancy homes of the late 19th and early 20th century decorating Lincrusta and Anaglypta were competing products . Leather papers were often made up of a series of paper laminates which were forced into shape with a mold , while Lincrusta is a patented composite material , and Anaglypta is a simthat were not designed to look like leather wallpaper . Rottman , Strome & Co. became a major producer based in England with manufacturing in Japan . Lutson Goudleder made the imitation leather coverings in southern France and they were also made in Poland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "97110922d6e385c1c5fc5a03650b67de", "text": "Old master print An old master print is a work of art produced by a printing process within the Western tradition . The term remains current in the art trade , and there is no easy alternative in English to distinguish the works of `` fine art '' produced in printmaking from the vast range of decorative , utilitarian and popular prints that grew rapidly alongside the artistic print from the 15th century onwards . Fifteenth-century prints are sufficiently rare that they are classed as old master prints even if they are of crude or merely workmanlike artistic quality . A date of about 1830 is usually taken as marking the end of the period whose prints are covered by this term . The main techniques used , in order of their introduction , are woodcut , engraving , etching , mezzotint and aquatint , although there are others . Different techniques are often combined in a single print . With rare exceptions printed on textiles , such as silk , or on vellum , old master prints are printed on paper . This article is concerned with the artistic , historical and social aspects of the subject ; the article on printmaking summarizes the techniques used in making old master prints , from a modern perspective . Many great European artists , such as Albrecht Dürer , Rembrandt , and Francisco Goya , were dedicated printmakers . In their own day , their international reputations largely came from their prints , which were spread far more widely than their paintings . Influences between artists were also mainly transmitted beyond a single city by prints ( and sometimes drawings ) , for the same reason . Prints therefore are frequently brought up in detailed analyses of individual paintings in art history . Today , thanks to colour photo reproductions , and public galleries , their paintings are much better known , whilst their prints are only rarely exhibited , for conservation reasons . But some museum print rooms allow visitors to see their collection , sometimes only by appointment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08a1cc4f6bf97bc2be43a4b5fad9a4da", "text": "Cult image In the practice of religion , a cult image is a human-made object that is venerated or worshipped for the deity , spirit or daemon that it embodies or represents . Cultus , the outward religious formulas of `` cult '' ( meaning religious practice , as opposed to the pejorative term for a potentially dangerous `` new religion '' ) , often centers upon the treatment of cult images , which may be dressed , fed or paraded , etc. . Religious images cover a wider range of all types of images made with a religious purpose , subject , or connection . In many contexts `` cult image '' specifically means the most important image in a temple , kept in an inner space , as opposed to what may be many other images decorating the temple . The term idol is often synonymous with cult image , but may be used especially of a cult image believed not just to depict or represent a deity or spirit , but in some sense to be one itself . Sometimes the image is believed to have its own powers , to grant wishes or otherwise affect the world . In cultures where idolatry is not viewed negatively , the word idol is not generally seen as pejorative , such as in Indian English . Cult of images is the practice of worshipping or venerating religious or cult images representing divine figures . Common in a number of ancient religions , the practice continues most prominently today in Hinduism . The Abrahamic religions all specifically ban idols and idolatry ; all have had internal divisions and disputes as to what constitutes the proper or improper use of images in religion , and many Abrahamic religious sects use or venerate images with varying degrees of fervor . In general the belief that an image itself is the object of worship , and itself has or embodies a spirit with inherent powers , tends to be hard to verify when a religious context is examined closely , or to be held at a popular level but denied by the clergy of a religion . Assertions by others outside the religious group concerned that such beliefs are held by the group are however common .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f255d416c006142890a413ac4d81a63", "text": "Suicide (Purple Jumping Man) Suicide ( Purple Jumping Man ) is a 1963 silkscreen painting by American pop artist , Andy Warhol . It is currently in the collection of the Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art in Tehran .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93a2e75f9cc79959b986660666cc72c9", "text": "Portrait of Louis Guillaume Portrait of Louis Guillaume is an oil on canvas portrait by Paul Cézanne painted c. 1882 . Guillaume was the son of friends of the artist and a friend of Cézanne 's son , Paul . Here he is portrayed in a highly sculpted manner with a near-expressionless , uncommunicative face , and an immobile , lifeless body . In form and complexity , the painting is ahead of its time . It contains many abstractions , mostly in its presentation of the head and body as simple , solid shapes , a technique later taken up and developed by Henri Matisse . The work 's low-key colours , mostly greys , whites and dark greens , achieve a sombre tone , echoed by the shy reserve on the boy 's face . While his skin is rendered with pearly white paint , giving the surface a lively sheen or glow , this contrasts with his black , severely cropped hair and dark clothes , while his eyes are only black hollows . Heavy-lidded , they are , according to art critic Meyer Schapiro , `` without spiritual light ... they belong to a world of shadow . '' One critic famously wrote that Cézanne painted the heads of friends as if they were apples , and that sense of cool detachment is evident in this work . Its formal qualities are reminiscent of a still-life or landscape , however while at first look there is evidence of the artist 's awareness of the `` abyss between human beings '' , there are signs of hope and connection in the delicately rendered tones of the cheeks , the ornament of the wall , the folds of the dress , and the cravat which echoes the verticals of the folds of the face and wall . The painting was purchased by Ambroise Vollard by 1906 . It was sold to a Florentine collector c 1907 before it was sold in 1927 to Chester Dale in New York . In 1963 Dale donated the work to the National Gallery of Art in Washington , D.C. where it is on permanent display .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "144933a8a0e5fb2663601d738a406207", "text": "Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum , often referred to as The Guggenheim , is an art museum located at 1071 Fifth Avenue on the corner of East 89th Street in the Upper East Side neighborhood of Manhattan , New York City . It is the permanent home of a continuously expanding collection of Impressionist , Post-Impressionist , early Modern and contemporary art and also features special exhibitions throughout the year . The museum was established by the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation in 1939 as the Museum of Non-Objective Painting , under the guidance of its first director , the artist Hilla von Rebay . It adopted its current name after the death of its founder , Solomon R. Guggenheim , in 1952 . In 1959 , the museum moved from rented space to its current building , a landmark work of 20th-century architecture . Designed by Frank Lloyd Wright , the cylindrical building , wider at the top than the bottom , was conceived as a `` temple of the spirit '' . Its unique ramp gallery extends up from ground level in a long , continuous spiral along the outer edges of the building to end just under the ceiling skylight . The building underwent extensive expansion and renovations in 1992 ( when an adjoining tower was built ) and from 2005 to 2008 . The museum 's collection has grown organically , over eight decades , and is founded upon several important private collections , beginning with Solomon R. Guggenheim 's original collection . The collection is shared with the museum 's sister museums in Bilbao , Spain , and elsewhere . In 2013 , nearly 1.2 million people visited the museum , and it hosted the most popular exhibition in New York City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00316a185a7d13746744c68c6c169820", "text": "27 rue de Fleurus 27 rue de Fleurus is the location of the former home of Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas in the 6th arrondissement of Paris on the Left Bank of Paris . It was also the home of Leo Stein for a time in the early nineteen-hundreds . It was a renowned Saturday evening gathering place for both expatriate American artists and writers and others noteworthy in the world of vanguard arts and letters , most notably Pablo Picasso . In the early decades of the century , hundreds of visitors flocked to the display of vanguard modern art , many came to scoff , but several went away converted . Entrée into the Stein salon was a sought-after validation , and Stein became combination mentor , critic , and guru to those who gathered around her , including Ernest Hemingway , who described the salon in A Moveable Feast . The principal attraction was the collection of Paul Cézanne oils and watercolors and the early pictures by Henri Matisse and Pablo Picasso which Gertrude and Leo had had the funds and the foresight to buy . The walls of their atelier at 27 were hung to the ceiling with now-famous paintings , the double doors of the dining room were lined with Picasso sketches . On a typical Saturday evening one would have found Gertrude Stein at her post in the atelier , garbed in brown corduroy , sitting in a high-backed Renaissance chair , her legs dangling , next to the big cast-iron stove that heated the chilly room . A few feet away , Leo Stein would expound to a group of visitors his views on modern art . In 1933 , Stein published a kind of memoir of her Paris years , The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas , written in the voice of Toklas , her life partner . The book became a literary bestseller and vaulted Stein from the relative obscurity of cult literary figure into the light of mainstream attention . The gatherings in the Stein home `` brought together confluences of talent and thinking that would help define modernism in literature and art . '' Dedicated attendees included Pablo Picasso , Ernest Hemingway , F. Scott Fitzgerald , Guillaume Apollinaire , Sinclair Lewis , James Joyce , Ezra Pound , Thornton Wilder , Juan Gris , Sherwood Anderson , Francis Cyril Rose , René Crevel , Élisabeth de Gramont , Francis Picabia , Claribel Cone , Mildred Aldrich , Carl Van Vechten and Henri Matisse . Saturday evenings had been set as the jour fixe for formal congregation so Stein could work at her writing uninterrupted by impromptu visitors . It was Stein 's partner Toklas who became the de facto hostess for the wives and girlfriends of the artists in attendance , who met in a separate room . Stein herself attributed the beginnings of the Saturday evening salons to Matisse , as Among Picasso 's acquaintances who frequented the Saturday evenings were : Fernande Olivier ( Picasso 's mistress ) , Georges Braque ( artist ) , André Derain ( artist ) , Max Jacob ( poet ) , Guillaume Apollinaire ( poet ) , Marie Laurencin ( artist , and Apollinaire 's mistress ) , Henri Rousseau ( painter ) , and Joseph Stella . The 2014 opera 27 by Ricky Ian Gordon and Royce Vavrek is inspired by events at 27 rue de Fleurus .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fcd56a11971d885966cacd9b24815273", "text": "WACK! Art and the Feminist Revolution WACK ! : Art and the Feminist Revolution was an exhibition of international women 's art presented at the Museum of Contemporary Art , Los Angeles from March 4 -- July 16 , 2007 . It later traveled to PS1 Contemporary Art Center , where it was on view February 17 -- May 12 , 2008 . The exhibition featured works from 120 artists and artists ' groups from around the world . The 2007 exhibition catalogue -- also titled WACK ! : Art and the Feminist Revolution -- documents this first major retrospective of art and the feminist revolution . Edited by Cornelia Butler and Lisa Gabrielle Mark , it has essays by Butler , Judith Russi Kirshner , Catherine Lord , Marsha Meskimmon , Richard Meyer , Helen Molesworth , Peggy Phelan , Nelly Richard , Valerie Smith , Abigail Solomon-Godeau , and Jenni Sorkin . WACK ! surveyed work by more than 120 artists in a wide variety of media , arranged by themes including Abstraction , `` Autophotography , '' Body as Medium , Family Stories , Gender Performance , Knowledge as Power , Making Art History , and others . The following is a complete list of artists featured in the exhibition and catalogue : Magdalena Abakanowicz ( b. 1930 ) , Polish sculptor and fiber artist Marina Abramović ( b. 1946 ) , Serbian and former Yugoslavian performance artist Carla Accardi ( 1924 -- 2014 ) , Italian painter Chantal Akerman ( b. 1950 ) , Belgian film director and artist Helena Almeida ( b. 1934 ) , Portuguese artist Sonia Andrade ( b. 1935 ) , Brazilian artist Eleanor Antin ( b. 1935 ) , American artist Judith F. Baca ( b. 1946 ) , American Chicana artist Mary Bauermeister ( b. 1934 ) , German artist Lynda Benglis ( b. 1941 ) , American artist Berwick Street Film Collective Camille Billops ( b. 1933 ) , African-American artist Dara Birnbaum ( b. 1946 ) , American video and installation artist Louise Bourgeois ( 1911 -- 2010 ) , French-American artist and sculptor Sheila Levrant de Bretteville ( b. 1940 ) , American graphic designer and artist Theresa Hak Kyung Cha ( 1951 -- 1982 ) , South Korean-born American novelist and artist Judy Chicago ( b. 1939 ) , American artist Lygia Clark ( b. 1920 , d. 1988 ) , Brazilian artist Tee Corinne ( b. 1943 , d. 2006 ) , American artist Niki de Saint Phalle , Jean Tinguely , and Per Olof Ultvedt Jay DeFeo ( 1929 -- 1989 ) , American artist Disband Assia Djebar ( 1936 -- 2015 ) , Algerian filmmaker Rita Donagh ( b. 1939 ) , British artist Kirsten Dufour ( b. 1941 ) , Danish artist Lili Dujourie ( b. 1941 ) , Belgian video artist Mary Beth Edelson ( b. 1933 ) , American artist Rose English British performance artist VALIE EXPORT ( b. 1940 ) , Austrian artist Jacqueline Fahey ( b. 1929 ) , New Zealand painter Louise Fishman ( b. 1939 ) , American painter Audrey Flack ( b. 1931 ) , American artist Iole de Freitas ( b. 1945 ) , Brazilian photographer and filmmaker Isa Genzken ( b. 1948 ) , German artist Nancy Grossman ( b. 1940 ) , American artist Barbara Hammer ( b. 1939 ) , American filmmaker Harmony Hammond ( b. 1944 ) , American artist and writer Margaret Harrison ( b. 1940 ) , English artist Mary Heilmann ( b. 1940 ) , American artist Lynn Hershman ( b. 1941 ) , American artist and filmmaker Eva Hesse ( 1936 -- 1970 ) , Jewish German-born American sculptor Susan Hiller ( b. 1940 ) , American artist Rebecca Horn ( b. 1944 ) , German visual artist Alexis Hunter ( b. 1948 , d. 2014 ) , New Zealand painter and photographer Mako Idemitsu ( b. 1940 ) , Japanese filmmaker Sanja Iveković ( b. 1949 ) , Croatian photographer , sculptor and installation artist Joan Jonas ( b. 1936 ) , American video and performance artist Kirsten Justesen ( b. 1943 ) , Danish artist Mary Kelly ( b. 1941 ) , American conceptual artist Joyce Kozloff ( b. 1942 ) , American artist Friedl Kubelka ( b. 1946 ) , Austrian photographer Shigeko Kubota ( b. 1937 ) , Japanese-born video artist , sculptor and performance artist Yayoi Kusama ( b. 1929 ) , Japanese artist and writer Ketty La Rocca ( b. 1938 , d. 1976 ) , Italian artist Suzanne Lacy ( b. 1945 ) , American artist Suzy Lake ( b. 1947 ) , American-Canadian artist Maria Lassnig ( 1919 -- 2014 ) , Austrian artist Lesbian Art Project ( 1977 -- 1979 ) , participatory art movement in Los Angeles Lee Lozano ( 1930 -- 1999 ) , American artist Léa Lublin ( b. 1929 ) , Polish-French performance artist Anna Maria Maiolino ( b. 1942 ) , Italian-Brazilian artist Mónica Mayer ( b. 1954 ) , Mexican artist Ana Mendieta ( 1948 -- 1985 ) , Cuban American performance artist , sculptor , painter and video artist Annette Messager ( b. 1943 ) , French visual artist Marta Minujín and Richard Squires Nasreen Mohamedi ( 1937 -- 1990 ) , Indian artist Linda M. Montano ( b. 1942 ) , American performance artist Ree Morton ( 1936 -- 1977 ) , American artist Laura Mulvey and Peter Wollen Alice Neel ( 1900 -- 1984 ) , American artist Senga Nengudi ( b. 1943 ) , African-American artist Ann Newmarch ( b. 1945 ) , Australian artist Lorraine O'Grady ( b. 1934 ) , American conceptual artist Pauline Oliveros ( b. 1932 ) , American composer Yoko Ono ( b. 1933 ) , Japanese multimedia artist ORLAN ( b. 1947 ) , French artist Ulrike Ottinger ( b. 1942 ) , German filmmaker Gina Pane ( 1939 -- 1990 ) , French artist Catalina Parra ( b. 1940 ) , Chilean artist Ewa Partum ( b. 1945 ) , Polish-German artist Howardena Pindell ( b. 1943 ) , American abstract artist Adrian Piper ( b. 1948 ) , American conceptual artist Sylvia Plimack Mangold ( b. 1938 ) , American artist , painter , printmaker , and pastelist Sally Potter ( b. 1949 ) , English filmmaker and performance artist Yvonne Rainer ( b. 1934 ) , American dancer , choreographer , and filmmaker Ursula Reuter Christiansen ( b. 1943 ) , German-Danish filmmaker and painter Lis Rhodes ( b. 1942 ) , British artist Faith Ringgold ( b. 1930 ) African-American artist Ulrike Rosenbach ( b. 1943 ) , German video and performance artist Martha Rosler ( b. 1943 ) , American artist Betye Saar ( b. 1926 ) , American artist Miriam Schapiro ( b. 1923 ) , Canadian artist Mira Schendel ( 1919 -- 1988 ) , Brazilian artist Carolee Schneemann ( b. 1939 ) , American artist Joan Semmel ( b. 1932 ) , American feminist painter Bonnie Sherk ( b. 1945 ) , American landscape architect and performance artist Cindy Sherman ( b. 1954 ) , American photographer Katharina Sieverding ( b. 1944 ) , Czech photographer Sylvia Sleigh ( 1916 -- 2010 ) , Welsh-born realist painter Alexis Smith ( b. 1949 ) , American artist Barbara T. Smith ( b. 1931 ) , American performance artist Mimi Smith ( b. 1942 ) , American artist Joan Snyder ( b. 1940 ) , American painter Valerie Solanas ( 1936 -- 1988 ) , American writer Annegret Soltau ( b. 1946 ) , German artist Nancy Spero ( 1926 -- 2009 ) , American artist Spiderwoman Theater Lisa Steele ( b. 1947 ) , Canadian video artist Sturtevant Cosey Fanni Tutti ( b. 1951 ) , English performance artist Mierle Laderman Ukeles ( b. 1939 ) , American artist Cecilia Vicuña ( b. 1947 ) , Chilean poet , artist and filmmaker June Wayne ( 1918 -- 2011 ) , American printmaker , tapestry designer and painter `` Where We At '' Black Women Artists Colette Whiten ( b. 1945 ) , sculpture , installation and performance artist Faith Wilding ( b. 1943 ) , Paraguayan American multidisciplinary artist Hannah Wilke ( b. 1940 , d. 1993 ) , American artist Francesca Woodman ( 1958 -- 1981 ) , American photographer Nil Yalter , Judy Blum , and Nicole Croiset Nil Yalter ( b. 1938 ) , Egyptian-French artist , co-founder of Groupe de Cinq Zarina ( b. 1937 ) , Indian artist", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cea555f8a6af1e2077773e6cbf942f4e", "text": "Waldo Díaz-Balart Waldo Díaz-Balart ( born Waldo Díaz-Balart y Gutiérrez on February 10 , 1931 in Banes , Cuba ) is a Cuban painter living in Madrid , Spain . Díaz-Balart studied accounting and political science and economics in Havana before moving to New York to pursue art studies in 1959 . From 1959 to 1962 studied art in the Museum of Modern Art , New York , USA . Professionally , on 1967 he develops as lecturer in many cultural centres and universities of USA , Poland , Spain , Germany and Netherlands . He acted in two movies by Andy Warhol , The Life of Juanita Castro ( 1965 ) and The Loves of Ondine ( 1968 ) . Díaz-Balart lectures frequently and his work -- explorations of color and light in geometric paintings and light sculpture -- has been widely exhibited . On 1966 presents an individual exhibition in the Studio Gallery in Washington , D.C. . In 1967 presented an exhibition in Galerie Iris Clert Paris , France . In 1967 he joined Mass Art Inc. in partnership with Sujan Souri , Dorian Godoy , and Philip Orenstein . The company manufactured the first inflatable chair designed by Philip Orenstein and is now included in the permanent collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York . In 1998 presents `` Waldo Balart . Black Painting '' in Galería Edurne , Madrid , Spain . In 1970 participated in the collective exhibition Salón 70 in the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes de La Habana . In 1964 exhibits in the Pan American Union in Washington , D.C. and on 1968 in the Gallery of Modern Art , New York , USA . On 1970 he participated at the first San Juan 's Bienal del Grabado Latinoamericano ( Biennial of Latin - American Engraving ) at the Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña , Puerto Rico and in 1979 in the Third Bienal Internacional del Deporte en las Bellas Artes ( Biennial of Sport in Fine Arts ) in Barcelona , Spain . On 1995 participated in the International Art Fair , Köln , Germany . Most recently , he had one-man shows in the Netherlands , in Spain and in the United States at the Art Gallery of Florida International University . He is the recipient of a Pollock-Krasner Foundation fellowship and his work is in the permanent collections of the Museum of Modern Art in New York , the Centro de Arte Reina Sofía in Madrid , the Mondriaanhuis in Amersfoort , The Netherlands , and the Museum of Modern Art in Huenfeld , Germany , among others . In 1992 he published the book Waldo Díaz-Balart , Ensayos de Arte . His sister , Mirta Díaz-Balart , was Fidel Castro 's first wife . His nephew Mario Díaz-Balart is a US congressional representative and another nephew , Lincoln Díaz-Balart , is a former congressman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b630106c8da45c379616ed641497148", "text": "Archival appraisal In the archival sense , appraisal is a process usually conducted by a member of the record-holding institution ( often a professional archivist ) in which a body of records are examined to determine their value . Some considerations when conducting appraisal include how to meet the record-granting body 's organizational needs , how to uphold requirements of organizational accountability ( be they legal , institutional , or determined by archival ethics ) , and how to meet the expectations of the record-using community . Appraisal is considered a core archival function ( alongside acquisition , arrangement and description , preservation , reference , and public programming ) although the task of records appraisal is somewhat slippery and can occur within the process of acquiring records , during arrangement and description , and for the sake of preservation ; further , public programming projects often prompt the reappraisal process . The official definition from the Society of American Archivists is as follows : `` In an archival context , appraisal is the process of determining whether records and other materials have permanent ( archival ) value . Appraisal may be done at the collection , creator , series , file , or item level . Appraisal can take place prior to donation and prior to physical transfer , at or after accessioning . The basis of appraisal decisions may include a number of factors , including the records ' provenance and content , their authenticity and reliability , their order and completeness , their condition and costs to preserve them , and their intrinsic value . Appraisal often takes place within a larger institutional collecting policy and mission statement . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "70dbe8ca7994247360dd0c3118cf6940", "text": "Femme à l'Éventail Femme à l'Éventail ( also known as L'Éventail vert , Woman with a Fan , and The Lady ) is an oil painting created in 1912 by the French artist and theorist Jean Metzinger ( 1883 -- 1956 ) . The painting was exhibited at the Salon d'Automne , 1912 , Paris ( hung in the decorative arts section inside the Salon Bourgeois of La Maison Cubiste , the Cubist House ) , and De Moderne Kunstkring , 1912 , Amsterdam ( L'éventail vert , no. 153 ) . It was also exhibited at the Musée Rath , Geneva , Exposition de cubistes français et d'un groupe d'artistes indépendants , 3 -- 15 June 1913 ( L'éventail vert , no. 22 ) . A 1912 photograph of Femme à l'Éventail hanging on a wall inside the Salon Bourgeois was published in The Sun ( New York , N.Y. ) , 10 November 1912 . The same photograph was reproduced in The Literary Digest , 30 November 1912 . Metzinger 's Cubist contribution to the 1912 Salon d'Automne created a controversy in the Municipal Council of Paris , leading to a debate in the Chambre des Députés about the use of public funds to provide the venue for such ` barbaric ' art . The Cubists were defended by the Socialist politician , Marcel Sembat . This painting was realized as Jean Metzinger and Albert Gleizes , in preparation for the Salon de la Section d'Or , published a major defence of Cubism , resulting in the first theoretical essay on the new movement , Du `` Cubisme '' . A photograph of Femme à l'Éventail appears among the Léonce Rosenberg archives in Paris , but there is no indication of when he acquired the painting . A Rosenberg label on the reverse bears the information `` No. 25112 J.Metzinger , 1913 . '' By 1918 Rosenberg was buying Metzinger 's paintings and may have acquired the picture around this time or soon afterwards . In 1937 Femme à l'Éventail was exhibited at Musée du Petit Palais , Les Maitres de l'art indépendant , 1895-1937 , no. 12 ( dated 1912 ) . Mlle. Gamier des Garets probably acquired the painting after the 1937 exhibition . By 1938 Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum had purchased the painting . It was gifted to the museum ( gift 38.531 ) by Guggenheim in 1938 ( the year after the formation of the foundation ) . Metzinger 's Femme à l'Éventail forms part of the Founding Collection of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum , New York . Femme à l'Éventail was showcased in an exhibition entitled The Great Upheaval : Masterpieces from the Guggenheim Collection , 1910-1918 , from 30 November 2013 to 1 June 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b932a1d6960c6ddd9ea18ffdc2b936d1", "text": "Conceptual art Conceptual art , sometimes simply called conceptualism , is art in which the concept ( s ) or idea ( s ) involved in the work take precedence over traditional aesthetic , technical , and material concerns . Some works of conceptual art , sometimes called installations , may be constructed by anyone simply by following a set of written instructions . This method was fundamental to American artist Sol LeWitt 's definition of Conceptual art , one of the first to appear in print : Tony Godfrey , author of Conceptual Art ( Art & Ideas ) ( 1998 ) , asserts that conceptual art questions the nature of art , a notion that Joseph Kosuth elevated to a definition of art itself in his seminal , early manifesto of conceptual art , `` Art after Philosophy '' ( 1969 ) . The notion that art should examine its own nature was already a potent aspect of the influential art critic Clement Greenberg 's vision of Modern art during the 1950s . With the emergence of an exclusively language-based art in the 1960s , however , conceptual artists such as Joseph Kosuth , Lawrence Weiner and the English Art & Language group began a far more radical interrogation of art than was previously possible ( see below ) . One of the first and most important things they questioned was the common assumption that the role of the artist was to create special kinds of material objects . Through its association with the Young British Artists and the Turner Prize during the 1990s , in popular usage , particularly in the UK , `` conceptual art '' came to denote all contemporary art that does not practice the traditional skills of painting and sculpture . It could be said that one of the reasons why the term `` conceptual art '' has come to be associated with various contemporary practices far removed from its original aims and forms lies in the problem of defining the term itself . As the artist Mel Bochner suggested as early as 1970 , in explaining why he does not like the epithet `` conceptual '' , it is not always entirely clear what `` concept '' refers to , and it runs the risk of being confused with `` intention . '' Thus , in describing or defining a work of art as conceptual it is important not to confuse what is referred to as `` conceptual '' with an artist 's `` intention . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a24bec0904ff18fd95e256ed80b61099", "text": "Ana Karen Allende Ana Karen Allende is a Mexican artisan from the Mexico City borough of Coyoacán , who specializes in creating rag dolls and soft fabric animals . The tradition of making rag dolls in Mexico extends back to the pre-Hispanic period with the making of rag dolls reaching its peak in the 19th century . Allende 's first doll was made when her sister was about to turn fifteen . For quinceañera celebrations in Xochimilco , it is customary to give the girl her `` last doll '' as a means of marking her transition from child to adult . Allende decided to make this doll herself , using sewing skills taught to her by her grandmother . Soon after , she began to make dolls for her friends and family , and the attention they received prompted her to think of selling them . Allende started her own small business called Retacitos ( Scraps ) in 2002 involving other members of her family , such as her husband Sinhúe Lucas , along with contracting various single mothers in her area to work . She sells directly to the public only on Saturdays at the Art Bazaar in the San Ángel neighborhood . Her other sales are mainly to stores and museums . She receives a number of custom orders including making dolls that look like famous people such as Frida Kahlo and even those that look like the purchaser . Allende states that her goal is to revive the craft of doll making but in a more modern form . She generally sticks to forms familiar to Mexican concepts of cultural identity such as lucha libre wrestlers , angels , traditional rag dolls , horses , mermaids , rabbits , etc. . She has been recognized as an authentic Mexican craftswoman since 2010 by the government of Mexico City , her work has been exhibited in various museums and cultural events and has won the 3rd place at the VI Bienal Internacional de Arte Textil Contemporáneo WTA ( 2012 ) and the 1st place in the toys category at the Gran Premio de Arte Popular of FONART ( 2006 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4fe2b9fe2bb420a2db234d54100ca8f4", "text": "Cuban art Cuban art is an exceptionally diverse cultural blend of African , South American , European and North American elements , reflecting the diverse demographic makeup of the island . Cuban artists embraced European modernism , and the early part of the 20th century saw a growth in Cuban vanguardist movements , which were characterized by the mixing of modern artistic genres . Some of the more celebrated 20th-century Cuban artists include Amelia Peláez ( 1896 -- 1968 ) , best known for a series of mural projects , and painter Wifredo Lam ( Dec 8,1902 -- September 11 , 1982 ) , who created a highly personal version of modern primitivism . The Cuban born painter Federico Beltran Masses ( 1885-1949 ) , was renowned as a colourist whose seductive portrayals of women sometimes made overt references to the tropical settings of his childhood . Better known internationally is the work of photographer Alberto Korda , whose photographs following the early days of the Cuban Revolution included a picture of Che Guevara which was to become one of the most recognizable images of the 20th century . There is a flourishing street art movement influenced by Latin American artists José Guadalupe Posada and the muralist Diego Rivera . After the Cuban Revolution of 1959 , some artists felt it was in their best interests to leave Cuba and produce their art , while others stayed behind , either happy or merely content to be creating art in Cuba , which was sponsored by the government . Because it was state sponsored , an implied censorship occurred , since artists would n't want to make art that was against the revolutionary movement as that was the source of their funding . It was during the 1980s in which art began to reflect true uninfluenced expression . The `` rebirth '' of expression in Cuban art was greatly affected by the emergence of a new generation of Cuban , which did not remember the revolution directly . In 1981 Cubans saw the introduction of `` Volumen Uno '' , a series of one man exhibitions featuring contemporary Cuban artists . Three years later , the introduction of the `` Havana Bienal '' assisted in the further progression of the liberation of art and free speech therein .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "81fdf3b79edd473e233b1355c19941d1", "text": "Xbox 360 The Xbox 360 is a home video game console developed by Microsoft . As the successor to the original Xbox , it is the second console in the Xbox series . The Xbox 360 competed with Sony 's PlayStation 3 and Nintendo 's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles . The Xbox 360 was officially unveiled on MTV on May 12 , 2005 , with detailed launch and game information announced ed later that month at the Electronic Entertainment Expo ( E3 ) . The Xbox 360 features an online service , Xbox Live , which was expanded from its previous iteration on the original Xbox and received regular updates during the console 's lifetime . Available in free and subscription-based varieties , Xbox Live allows users to : play games online ; download games ( through Xbox Live Arcade ) and game demos ; purchase and stream music , television programs , and films through the Xbox Music and Xbox Video portals ; and access third-party content services through media streaming applications . In addition to online multimedia features , the Xbox 360 allows users to stream media from local PCs . Several peripherals have been released , including wireless controllers , expanded hard drive storage , and the Kinect motion sensing camera . The release of these additional services and peripherals helped the Xbox brand grow from gaming-only to encompassing all multimedia , turning it into a hub for living-room computing entertainment . Launched worldwide across 2005 -- 2006 , the Xbox 360 was initially in short supply in many regions , including North America and Europe . The earliest versions of the console suffered from a high failure rate , indicated by the so-called `` Red Ring of Death '' , necessitating an extension of the device 's warranty period . Microsoft released two redesigned models of the console : the Xbox 360 S in 2010 , and the Xbox 360 E in 2013 . As of June 2014 , 84 million Xbox 360 consoles have been sold worldwide , making it the sixth-highest-selling video game console in history , and the highest-selling console made by an American company . Although not the best-selling console of its generation , the Xbox 360 was deemed by TechRadar to be the most influential through its emphasis on digital media distribution and multiplayer gaming on Xbox Live . The Xbox 360 's successor , the Xbox One , was released on November 22 , 2013 . On April 20 , 2016 , Microsoft announced that it would end the production of new Xbox 360 hardware , although the company will continue to support the platform .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8542b27917604cd26fc494a490ca7093", "text": "PlayStation 3 The PlayStation 3 ( PS3 ) is a home video game console developed by Sony Interactive Entertainment . It is the successor to PlayStation 2 , and is part of the PlayStation brand of consoles . It was first released on November 11 , 2006 , in Japan , November 17 , 2006 , in North America , and March 23 , 2007 , in Europe and Australia . The PlayStation 3 mainly competes against consoles such as Microsoft 's Xbox 360 and Nintendo 's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles . The console was first officially announced at E3 2005 , and was released at the end of 2006 . It was the first console to use Blu-ray Disc as its primary storage medium . The console was the first PlayStation to integrate social gaming services , including being the first to introduce Sony 's social gaming service , PlayStation Network , and its remote connectivity with PlayStation Portable and PlayStation Vita , being able to remote control the console from the devices . In September 2009 , the Slim model of the PlayStation 3 was released . It no longer provided the hardware ability to run PS2 games . It was lighter and thinner than the original version , and featured a redesigned logo and marketing design , as well as a minor start-up change in software . A Super Slim variation was then released in late 2012 , further refining and redesigning the console . The system had a slow start in the market but managed to recover , particularly after the introduction of the Slim model . As of March 2016 , PlayStation 3 has sold 85 million units worldwide , putting it about on par with Xbox 360 , but behind the Wii . Its successor , the PlayStation 4 , was released later in November 2013 . On September 29 , 2015 , Sony confirmed that sales of the PlayStation 3 were to be discontinued in New Zealand , but the system remains in production in other markets . In March 2017 , the official site for PlayStation 3 in Japan was updated to state that it would be discontinued soon . On 29 May 2017 , the PlayStation 3 was discontinued in Japan , as of 2015 , the PS3 is getting discontinued in certain parts of the world . The PlayStation 3 will be discontinued worldwide soon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d67d3be7f20bf741a3939b285bec7593", "text": "Portal 2 Portal 2 is a 2011 first-person puzzle-platform video game developed and published by Valve Corporation . It is the sequel to Portal ( 2007 ) and was released on April 19 , 2011 , for Microsoft Windows , OS X , Linux , PlayStation 3 , and Xbox 360 . The retail versions of the game are distributed by Electronic Arts while online distribution of the Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X and Linux versions is handled by Valve 's content delivery service Steam . Portal 2 was announced on March 5 , 2010 , following a week-long alternate reality game based on new patches to the original game . Before the game 's release on Steam , the company released the Potato Sack , a second multi-week alternate reality game , involving 13 independently developed titles which culminated in a distributed computing spoof to release Portal 2 several hours early . The game retains Portals gameplay elements , and adds new features , including tractor beams , laser redirection , bridges made of light , and paint-like ` gels ' accelerating the player 's speed , allowing the player-character to jump higher or place portals on any surface . These gels were created by the team from the Independent Games Festival-winning DigiPen student project Tag : The Power of Paint . In the single-player campaign , the player controls protagonist Chell , awoken from suspended animation after many years , who must navigate the now-dilapidated Aperture Science Enrichment Center during its reconstruction by the reactivated GLaDOS , a powerful supercomputer . The storyline introduces new characters , including Wheatley ( Stephen Merchant ) and Cave Johnson ( J. K. Simmons ) . Ellen McLain reprised the role of GLaDOS . Jonathan Coulton and The National each produced a song for the game . Portal 2 also includes a two-player cooperative mode , in which the robotic player-characters Atlas and P-Body ( both voiced by Dee Bradley Baker ) are each given a portal gun and are required to work together to solve puzzles . Valve provided post-release support for the game , including additional downloadable content and a simplified map editor to allow players to create and share test chambers with others . Although some reviewers initially expressed concerns about the difficulty of expanding Portal into a full sequel , Portal 2 received critical acclaim , particularly for its writing , pacing , and dark humor . The voice work of McLain , Merchant , and Simmons were also praised , as were the new gameplay elements , the challenging but surmountable learning curve , and the additional cooperative mode . Some journalists ranked Portal 2 among the best games of 2011 , and several named it their Game of the Year . Portal 2 has since been hailed as one of the greatest video games of all time .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "45a28cae595abf04b971fd4af89ed388", "text": "Aliens versus Predator 2 Aliens versus Predator 2 is a science fiction first-person shooter video game developed by Monolith Productions and published by Fox Interactive for Microsoft Windows in 2001 , and for Mac OS X in 2003 . The game is a sequel to Aliens versus Predator ( 1999 ) ; both games are based on the characters of the Alien and Predator media franchises as well as the Alien vs. Predator crossover series . It is set on the fictional planet LV-1201 . The game is played from a first-person perspective . In the single-player mode , players control one of three characters , each with their own abilities and individual story modes . An online multiplayer mode , which allows players to play as one of four teams in competitive modes , is no longer officially supported and requires a community developed patch to enable multiplayer . An expansion pack titled Aliens versus Predator 2 : Primal Hunt was released in 2002 . A `` Gold Edition '' of Aliens versus Predator 2 followed , combining both the original game and the expansion pack into a single package . The sequel to the game was released in 2010 , simply titled Aliens vs Predator .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a193c1f70d037e5df8321cc18a1950e", "text": "Spec Ops: The Line Spec Ops : The Line is a 2012 third-person shooter video game developed by the German studio Yager Development and published by 2K Games . It was released internationally in June 2012 for Microsoft Windows , Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 . It was later released for OS X in 2013 and Linux in 2015 . It is the tenth title , as well as a reboot , of the Spec Ops series , and the first entry since Spec Ops : Airborne Commando in 2002 . The game is powered by Unreal Engine 3 . In the game , the player controls Captain Martin Walker , who is sent into a post-catastrophe Dubai with an elite Delta Force team on a recon mission . As the game progresses , Walker 's mental health deteriorates , as he begins to experience hallucinations and slowly realizes the horror of war . Players can hide behind cover , vault over obstacles , and shoot enemies while utilizing a variety of gadgets . Sand is a key gameplay mechanic that can be manipulated to defeat enemies . Included with the game is an online multiplayer mode , developed separately by Darkside Game Studios , allowing players to engage in both cooperative and competitive gameplay . Yager started the game 's development in 2007 , taking inspiration for the setting and story framework from various media , including Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now . The game was designed to be `` physically opposing '' , causing players to question their thoughts about treating war in a video game as entertainment , and tasks players to make a variety of morally ambiguous decisions . The game suffered from multiple delays , and the development team used this time to refine the story and increase the gameplay 's pace . The game 's soundtrack is a mix of licensed music and original music composed by Elia Cmíral . Video game critics gave Spec Ops : The Line generally positive reviews . Praise focused on the narrative and its themes , while criticism was targeted at the online multiplayer mode and generic third person gameplay . Spec Ops : The Line was a commercial failure and did not garner the attention that distributor Take-Two Interactive had hoped for , but it was awarded and nominated for several end-of-the-year accolades particularly for its story . Yager announced that there would not be a sequel to the game . The game was banned in the United Arab Emirates for its depiction of Dubai in a state of destruction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a4cef110ecdb679c24fdcd612673fce", "text": "Gears of War Gears of War is a video game franchise created and originally owned by Epic Games , developed and managed by The Coalition , and owned and published by Microsoft Studios . The series focuses on the conflict between humanity , the subterranean reptilian hominids known as the Locust Horde , and their mutated counterparts , the Lambent & the Swarm . The franchise consists of five third-person shooter video games , which has also been supplemented by a comic book series and five novels . The first installment , titled Gears of War , was released on November 7 , 2006 for the Xbox 360 . The game follows protagonist Marcus Fenix , a soldier in the Coalition of Ordered Governments tasked to lead a last-ditch effort to destroy the Locust Horde and save humanity . Two subsequent titles , Gears of War 2 ( 2008 ) and Gears of War 3 ( 2011 ) , continued Fenix and humanity 's ongoing conflict with the Locust Horde and Lambent forces . In 2013 , Epic Games and Microsoft released Gears of War : Judgment , a prequel to the series ' first title , which instead focuses on Damon Baird , one of Fenix 's squad-mates . Gears of War : Ultimate Edition was released for Microsoft Windows on March 1 , 2016 . The series ' third sequel , Gears of War 4 , is set 25 years after Gears of War 3 and follows Marcus Fenix 's son , JD , as he battles new foes that threaten humanity . Gears of War was developed by Epic Games . Cliff Bleszinski , who has previously worked on Epic 's Unreal Tournament games , served the series ' lead game designer for the first three installments . He was inspired by gameplay elements from Resident Evil 4 , Kill Switch , and Bionic Commando . The series was also guided by Rod Fergusson , the executive producer and director of development of Epic Games until 2012 . The first four installments of the Gears of War series used a modified version of the Unreal Engine 3 engine . On January 27 , 2014 , Microsoft acquired all rights to the franchise from Epic Games . Canadian studio The Coalition developed Gears of War 4 , which was released on October 11 , 2016 for the Xbox One and Windows 10 . Gears of War became one of the best-selling franchises for the Xbox 360 . The series is well known for its emphasis on cover-based combat , in which players can use objects to avoid gunfire or safely engage enemies . All five installments in Gears of War featured several multiplayer modes that allowed players to compete against each other or team-up to battle AI opponents on Xbox Live . The Gears of War games have been amongst the most popular and most played titles on Xbox Live .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f5063cd35e2d77e04bd015be36d17b4b", "text": "Star Wars: Battlefront II Star Wars : Battlefront II is a 2005 first - and third-person shooter video game based on the Star Wars film franchise . Developed by Pandemic Studios and published by LucasArts it is a sequel to 2004 's Star Wars : Battlefront and the second game in the Battlefront series . The game was released in PAL regions on October 31 , 2005 , on the PlayStation 2 , PlayStation Portable ( PSP ) , Microsoft Windows , and Xbox platforms , and in North America on November 1 of the same year . It was later updated to be backwards compatible for the Xbox 360 . It was also released on the PlayStation Store on October 20 , 2009 , for download on the PSP . The PSP version was developed by Savage Entertainment . The game features new vehicles , characters , game mechanics , maps , and missions compared to the original Battlefront . Unlike its predecessor , Battlefront II features a more narrative-based campaign , retelling portions of the Star Wars story from the point of view of a veteran Imperial stormtrooper , reminiscing about his tour of duty in service of both the Galactic Republic and as part of the Galactic Empire . Gameplay additions over Battlefront include the use of Jedi , additional game modes such as hero assault , and objective-based space battles . Battlefront II was well received , with the PlayStation 2 and Xbox versions scoring in the mid 80s at aggregators GameRankings and Metacritic . The PC version scored slightly lower at both sites , scoring a 76.60 % at GameRankings and 78 at Metacritic . The PSP version was the worst received , scoring 70.93 % at GameRankings and 69 at Metacritic . Reviewers generally praised the narrative-based story ; however , some felt that the upgrades from the original were not enough to merit the price . Like the original game , it was a commercial success . GameSpy Technology scheduled a shut-down across all titles using the service for May 31 , 2014 , which included Star Wars : Battlefront II for PC , PS2 , and Xbox . Electronic Arts announced it would extend support for Battlefront II until June 30 , 2014 . The extended support ended on July 25 , 2014 , taking all GameSpy online video games across all platforms offline . The Windows version was added to a list of supported games on GameRanger on May 31 , 2014 , which allows for continued online play .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b89e7173f5dcf649cf5f7c5fbf552c1", "text": "Super Monkey Ball Deluxe Super Monkey Ball Deluxe is a platform video game developed and published by Sega . It was released for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox in 2005 . The game compiles all stages from Super Monkey Ball and Super Monkey Ball 2 , as well as adding various original levels . Super Monkey Ball Deluxe was well received , with critics praising the gameplay , but criticizing its audio and graphics . The game is also notable for its large number of customizable party mini-games , many of which are unique to Deluxe . The game is compatible with the Xbox 360 , and includes widescreen support .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d3561fac954ab50ee0007f224c089be", "text": "List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360 This is a list of Xbox games that are compatible with the console 's successor , the Xbox 360 . Microsoft ceased adding titles to the list in November 2007 , so the list is considered final . As of April 2010 , original Xbox games no longer can be played online via the Xbox Live service , as it was ended for the original Xbox console . However , online multiplayer still is possible through third-party LAN Tunneling programs that manipulate System Link , such as XLink Kai . Downloadable content for these titles is not available via Xbox Live . This includes the Xbox Originals downloaded on the Xbox 360 and any Xbox game running on the Xbox 360 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74e9ba3b63e50b358915cfb946ff34ad", "text": "Game controller A game controller is a device used with games or entertainment systems to provide input to a video game , typically to control an object or character in the game . A controller is usually connected to a game console or computer by means of a wire or cord , although , since the mid-2000s , wireless controllers have become widespread . Input devices that have been classified as game controllers include keyboards , mouses , gamepads , joysticks , etc. . Special purpose devices , such as steering wheels for driving games and light guns for shooting games , are also game controllers . Game controllers have been designed and improved over the years to be as user friendly as possible . The Microsoft Xbox controller , with its shoulder triggers that mimic actual triggers such as those found on guns , has become popular for shooting games . Some controllers are designed to be deliberately best for one type of game , such as steering wheels for driving games , or dance pads for dancing games . One of the first video game controllers was a simple dial and single button , used to control the game Tennis for Two . Controllers have since evolved to include directional pads , multiple buttons , analog sticks , joysticks , motion detection , touch screens and a plethora of other features .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e00872a0d86c9e2f8306cd42ad87e9b1", "text": "Time Crisis II Time Crisis II is a light gun arcade game and the second installment in Namco 's Time Crisis series , introducing co-operative multiplayer to the franchise . It was first released in arcades in March 1997 , with an enhanced port released on the PlayStation 2 in October 2001 , bundled with the GunCon 2 controller ( G-Con 2 in Europe ) . A port for the Sega Dreamcast was in development , but was cancelled and never released .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dcdc0170c885526ed3707bf96422fc25", "text": "Halo: Reach Halo : Reach is a first-person shooter video game developed by Bungie and published by Microsoft Game Studios for the Xbox 360 home video game console . The sixth installment in the Halo series , Reach was released worldwide in September 2010 . The game takes place in the year 2552 , where humanity is locked in a war with the alien Covenant . Players control Noble Six , a member of an elite supersoldier squad , when the human world known as Reach falls under Covenant attack . After releasing Halo 3 in 2007 , Bungie split into teams to develop two different games -- what would become Halo 3 : ODST and Reach . The developers decided to create a prequel to the original Halo game trilogy , freeing themselves from the obligation of addressing old story threads . As the game would take place on a human world doomed to be destroyed , they focused on making the environment a character unto itself . Longtime Halo composers Martin O'Donnell and Michael Salvatori returned to compose Reachs music , aiming for a more somber sound to match the story . Reach was announced at the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2009 in Los Angeles , California , and the first in-engine trailer was shown at the 2009 Spike Video Game Awards . Players who purchased ODST were eligible to participate in a Reach multiplayer beta in May 2010 ; the beta allowed Bungie to gain player feedback for fixing bugs and making gameplay tweaks before shipping the final version . Microsoft gave Reach its biggest game marketing budget yet and created award-winning live-action commercials , action figures , and interactive media to promote the game . The game grossed US$ 200 million on its launch day , setting a new record for the franchise . Reach sold well in most territories , moving more than three million units its first month in North America . Critical reception was positive ; reviewers from publications such as GamePro , IGN , and Official Xbox Magazine called it the best Halo title yet . Critics generally praised the game 's graphics and sound , but the plot and characters were less positively received . Reach was Bungie 's final Halo game ; subsequent games have been overseen by Microsoft subsidiary 343 Industries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9598f666c5f7a1250a375d38be87521", "text": "Final Fantasy XIII is a science fiction role-playing video game developed and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles and later for the Microsoft Windows operating system . Released in Japan in December 2009 and worldwide in March 2010 , it is the thirteenth title in the mainline Final Fantasy series . The game includes fast-paced combat , a new system for the series for determining which abilities are developed for the characters called `` Crystarium '' , and a customizable `` Paradigm '' system to control which abilities are used by the characters . Final Fantasy XIII includes elements from the previous games in the series , such as summoned monsters , chocobos , and airships . The game takes place in the fictional floating world of Cocoon , whose government , the Sanctum , is ordering a purge of civilians who have supposedly come into contact with Pulse , the much-feared world below . The former soldier Lightning begins her fight against the government in order to save her sister who has been branded as an unwilling servant to a god-like being from Pulse , making her an enemy of Cocoon . Lightning is soon joined by a band of allies , and together the group also become marked by the same Pulse creature . They rally against the Sanctum while trying to discover their assigned task and whether they can avoid being turned into monsters or crystals at the completion . Development began in 2004 , and the game was first announced at Electronic Entertainment Expo ( E3 ) 2006 . Final Fantasy XIII is the flagship title of the Fabula Nova Crystallis collection of Final Fantasy games and is the first game to use Square Enix 's Crystal Tools engine . Final Fantasy XIII received mostly positive reviews from video game publications , which praised the game 's graphics , presentation , and battle system . The game 's story received a mixed response from reviewers , and its linearity compared to previous games in the series was mostly criticized . Selling 1.7 million copies in Japan in 2009 , Final Fantasy XIII became the fastest-selling title in the history of the series . As of January 2013 , the game has sold over 6.6 million copies worldwide . The Microsoft Windows version has sold over 700,000 copies according to SteamSpy . A sequel , titled Final Fantasy XIII-2 , was released in December 2011 in Japan and in February 2012 in North America and PAL regions . A second sequel , titled Lightning Returns : Final Fantasy XIII , which concludes Lightning 's story and the Final Fantasy XIII saga , was released in November 2013 in Japan and in February 2014 in North America and PAL regions . In September 2014 , Square Enix announced the Final Fantasy XIII series has been widely successful and has shipped over 11 million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c60989d1cd9d0de0742fbf607ba47c8", "text": "Chell (Portal) Chell is the silent protagonist in the Portal video game series developed by Valve Corporation . She appears in both Portal and Portal 2 as the main player character .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68ef79758f8c659e0a8cdef7e109023d", "text": "StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty StarCraft II : Wings of Liberty is a military science fiction real-time strategy video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment . It was released worldwide in July 2010 for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X . A sequel to the 1998 video game StarCraft and its expansion set Brood War , the game is split into three installments : the base game with the subtitle Wings of Liberty , an expansion pack Heart of the Swarm , and a stand-alone expansion pack Legacy of the Void . The game revolves around three species : the Terrans , human exiles from Earth ; the Zerg , a super-species of assimilated life forms ; and the Protoss , a technologically advanced species with vast mental powers . Wings of Liberty focuses on the Terrans , while the expansions Heart of the Swarm and Legacy of the Void focus on the Zerg and Protoss , respectively . The game is set four years after the events of 1998 's StarCraft : Brood War , and follows the exploits of Jim Raynor as he leads an insurgent group against the autocratic Terran Dominion . The game includes both new and returning characters and locations from the original game . The game was met with very positive reviews from critics , receiving an aggregated score of 93 % from Metacritic . Similar to its predecessor , StarCraft II was praised for its engaging gameplay , as well as its introduction of new features and improved storytelling . The game was criticized for lacking features that existed in the original StarCraft game including LAN play and the ability to switch between multiplayer regions . At the time of its release , StarCraft II became the fastest-selling real-time strategy game , with over three million copies sold worldwide in the first month .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18bc9b5a24ddeb19c2866f9cb67bd8ba", "text": "Dark Sector Dark Sector , also stylized as darkSector , is a third-person shooter video game developed by Digital Extremes for the Xbox 360 , PlayStation 3 and Microsoft Windows . The game is set in the fictional Eastern Bloc country of Lasria , and centers on protagonist Hayden Tenno ( voiced by Michael Rosenbaum ) , a morally ambivalent CIA `` clean-up man '' . While trying to intercept rogue agent named Robert Mezner , Hayden 's right arm is infected with the fictional Technocyte virus , which gives him the ability to grow a three-pronged `` Glaive '' at will . Dark Sector received mixed to positive reviews for its visual design , originality of action and weapon-based gameplay . Many critics have compared the game to Resident Evil 4 and Gears of War , for their similar style of play and story .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "98b5d7ed7ce9fe40ecc87509f1c98faf", "text": "Army Men II Army Men II is the second game in the Army Men video game franchise from The 3DO Company and a direct sequel to 1998 's '' Army Men . It was released in 1999 The game differs from the first installment in that it has battles in both the `` real world '' and the `` plastic world . '' It was also the first to introduce the concept of portals between our world and their world , a topic that was expanded upon in later games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f20407451dc8c08ab4beaca168e3543", "text": "Kirby's Dream Land 2 Kirby 's Dream Land 2 , known as in Japan , is a platforming video game developed by HAL Laboratory and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy handheld video game console . It was first released in Japan on March 21 , 1995 , and was later released in North America on May 1 , 1995 . It was released in Europe on July 31 , 1995 . Kirby 's Dream Land 2 continues the adventures of Kirby from Kirby 's Dream Land and Kirby 's Adventure , adding three animal friends to aid Kirby in battle . It can be played on the Super Game Boy , and gives slight changes to the game , such as adding a custom color scheme , a special game border , and a few new sound effects . Kirby 's Dream Land 2 was slated to be remade for the Game Boy Color as Kirby 's Dream Land 2 DX , but was cancelled along with Metroid II : Return of Samus DX . The original game was re-released on the 3DS Virtual Console in Japan on February 15 , 2012 , in PAL regions in May 17 , 2012 , and in North America on August 1 , 2013 . Kirby 's Dream Land 2 is also included in the Kirby 20th Anniversary Wii disc Kirby 's Dream Collection .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "825f10cd66a1d507c801b6f952b1b08f", "text": "F.E.A.R. F.E.A.R. First Encounter Assault Recon is a survival horror first-person shooter video game developed by Monolith Productions and published by Sierra Entertainment . It was released on October 17 , 2005 , for Microsoft Windows , and ported by Day 1 Studios to the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 . Timegate Studios has released two expansion packs , F.E.A.R. Extraction Point in October 2006 , and F.E.A.R. Perseus Mandate in November 2007 . A direct sequel titled F.E.A.R. 2 : Project Origin , was released in February 2009 , and a second sequel , F. 3 . A.R. , was released in June 2011 , though it was developed by Day 1 Studios ( now known as Wargaming Chicago-Baltimore ) , not by Monolith Productions . The game 's story revolves around a supernatural phenomenon , which F.E.A.R. -- a fictional special forces team -- is called to contain . The player assumes the role of F.E.A.R. 's Point Man , who possesses superhuman reflexes , and must uncover the secrets of a paranormal menace in the form of a little girl . F.E.A.R. was well received by critics , scoring 89 % on GameRankings , and The New York Times calling it `` as thrilling and involving as Half-Life . '' A `` Director 's Edition '' DVD version of the game was also released . The DVD included a `` Making of '' documentary , a director 's commentary , a short live-action prequel and the exclusive first episode of the promotional P.A.N.I.C.S. machinima . A related Dark Horse comic book was also packaged with the DVD . Along with the Director 's Edition , F.E.A.R. Gold Edition was released . Gold Edition included the Director 's Edition and Extraction Point . F.E.A.R. Platinum Edition features the original game and two expansion packs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "500b6335643d2b2d87b9b4bc658d384f", "text": "Galak-Z: The Dimensional Galak-Z : The Dimensional is a shooter video game by 17-BIT for Microsoft Windows , OS X , Linux and PlayStation 4 . It was announced during Sony 's pre-E3 2013 press conference in June 2013 . 17-BIT CEO Jake Kazdal describes it as `` modern Halo and Far Cry 3 combat in a 2-dimensional shell . '' Reflecting its inspiration in part by Japanese anime , the game is also known officially by the Japanese title of", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b8e63d78c1bbdb18f8138efcc0648c4", "text": "Half-Life (series) Half-Life ( stylized HλLF-LIFE ) is a series of first-person shooter video games that share a single science fiction alternate history . The games in the series all utilize either the GoldSrc or Source engines and are linear , narrative , single-player titles . Valve Corporation is the developer , and partly the publisher and distributor , for their signature games of the series . The major titles in the series feature the player as the protagonist , Gordon Freeman , a theoretical physicist initially employed by the Black Mesa Research Facility . Two of these games , Half-Life and Half-Life 2 are full length titles , while two more , Half-Life 2 : Episode One and Half-Life 2 : Episode Two , are shorter , episodic titles . A final episode , Half-Life 2 : Episode Three , was originally scheduled to appear around Christmas 2007 , but now has no public release date . A puzzle-based first-person series , set in the same fictional universe as the Half-Life games , was created with Portal in 2007 , followed by a sequel , Portal 2 , in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3fff2a34532dc282d0ef16d58d14ca22", "text": "Mega Man 2 Mega Man 2 , known in Japan as , is an action-platform game developed and published by Capcom for the Nintendo Entertainment System . It is the second installment in the original Mega Man series . The game was released in Japan in 1988 and in North America and PAL regions the following years . Mega Man 2 continues the titular protagonist 's battle against the evil Dr. Wily and his rogue robots . The game features graphical and gameplay changes from the first Mega Man game , many of which have remained throughout the series . Although sales for Mega Man were unimpressive , Capcom allowed the Rockman team to create a sequel . They worked concurrently on other Capcom projects , using their free time to develop the game . Unused content from the previous title was integrated into Mega Man 2 . Takashi Tateishi composed the soundtrack , with Yoshihiro Sakaguchi serving as a sound programmer . With more than 1.5 million copies sold , the game is the best-selling Mega Man title . Critics praised its audio , visuals and gameplay as an improvement over the first game . Many publications rank Mega Man 2 as the best title in the series , and as one of the greatest video games of all time . The game has been re-released on several consoles and mobile phones .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ffc8ce79f10f62c6e3a2c2363f341a9a", "text": "E.X. Troopers , stylized as E.X. Tr ∞ pers , is a third-person shooter video game developed and published by Capcom for Nintendo 3DS and PlayStation 3 . The game was released exclusively in Japan to retail customers on November 22 , 2012 and later on Nintendo eShop and PlayStation Network on January 24 , 2013 . It is a spin-off of the Lost Planet series which Capcom describes as , rather than like prior console instalments or Lost Planet 3 's .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "2529c10c78f6707f94daeec3068de754", "text": "Heidi Klum Heidi Klum ( -LSB- ˈhaɪ̯di ˈklʊm -RSB- ; born June 1 , 1973 ) is a German-American supermodel , television personality , businesswoman , fashion designer , singer , television producer , author , and actress . She appeared on the cover of the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue and in 1999 became the first German model to become a Victoria 's Secret Angel . Following a successful modeling career , Klum became the host and a judge of Germany 's Next Topmodel and the reality show Project Runway which earned her an Emmy nomination in 2008 and a win in 2013 for Outstanding Host for a Reality or Reality-Competition Program ( shared with co-host Tim Gunn ) ; Klum has been nominated for six Emmy Awards . She has worked as a spokesmodel for Dannon and H&M , and has appeared in numerous commercials for McDonald 's , Volkswagen and others . In 2009 , Klum became Barbie 's official ambassador on Barbie 's 50th anniversary . As an occasional actress , she had supporting roles in movies including Blow Dry ( 2001 ) , Ella Enchanted ( 2004 ) , and made cameo appearances in The Devil Wears Prada ( 2006 ) and Perfect Stranger ( 2007 ) . She has also appeared on TV shows including Sex and the City , How I Met Your Mother , Desperate Housewives and Parks and Recreation . Currently , Klum is a judge on the NBC reality show America 's Got Talent . In May 2011 , Forbes magazine estimated Klum 's total earnings for that year as . She is ranked second on Forbes list of the `` World 's Top-Earning Models '' , behind Gisele Bündchen . Forbes noted that since ending her 13-year run as a Victoria 's Secret Angel , Klum has become more of a businesswoman than a model . In 2008 , she became an American citizen while maintaining her native German citizenship .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ffa0c44026e4f34a2a65b685faa8e02a", "text": "Hana no Ko Lunlun , translated to English as The Flower Child Lunlun and Lulu , The Flower Angel is a magical girl anime by Toei Animation , focusing on a theme of flowers in its stories . It was directed by Hiroshi Shidara and written by Shiro Jinbo . It was greatly successful in the West , particularly in Europe and in Latin America , as well as in Japan . An edited English-language dub of a few episodes titled Angel made this series one of , if not the first , magical girl anime works to reach the United States , well over a decade before Sailor Moon . A movie adaptation , Hana no Ko Runrun Konnichiwa Sakura no Sono , was released on March 1980 . In 2009 , William Winckler Productions produced two all-new English-dubbed movie versions edited from the original series titled Lun Lun the Flower Girl and Lun Lun the Flower Girl 2 . Producer William Winckler , known for Tekkaman the Space Knight , wrote , produced and directed the English films , which are seen on broadband in Japan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e112d28a09d70117e27782ede378f7c", "text": "Silver Linings Playbook Silver Linings Playbook is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by David O. Russell . It was adapted from the novel The Silver Linings Playbook , by Matthew Quick . The film stars Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence , with Robert De Niro , Jacki Weaver , Chris Tucker , Anupam Kher , and Julia Stiles in supporting roles . Cooper plays Patrick `` Pat '' Solitano , Jr. , a man with bipolar disorder who is released from a psychiatric hospital and moves back in with his parents , played by Robert De Niro and Jacki Weaver . Determined to win back his estranged wife , Pat meets recently widowed Tiffany Maxwell , portrayed by Jennifer Lawrence , who offers to help him get his wife back if he enters a dance competition with her . The two become closer as they train and Pat , his father , and Tiffany examine their relationships with each other as they cope with their problems . Silver Linings Playbook premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8 , 2012 , and was released in the United States on November 16 , 2012 . The film opened to major critical success and earned numerous accolades . It received eight Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay . It became the first film since 1981 's Reds to be Oscar-nominated for the four acting categories and the first since 2004 's Million Dollar Baby to be nominated for the Big Five Oscars , with Lawrence winning the Academy Award for Best Actress . It also achieved four Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lawrence winning Best Actress ; three BAFTA nominations , with Russell winning for Best Adapted Screenplay ; four Screen Actors Guild nominations ; and five Independent Spirit Award nominations , winning in four categories , including Best Film . The film was a success at the box office , grossing over $ 236 million worldwide , more than eleven times its budget .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "10bdf7ff3b4ee3db2c10b2bcc95dd1df", "text": "Heidi.com heidi.com is a Neuchâtel , Switzerland-based company specialized in ready-to-wear apparel . Its name and logo are directly inspired from Heidi , the main character in Johanna Spyri 's 1880 novel . The brand officially equipped all members of the Swiss pavilion at the Expo 2015 in Milan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26ac2bd04421caa8d98bb8369b34132f", "text": "Enchanted Palace Enchanted Palace is a children 's board game released in 1994 by the Milton Bradley Company . The goal is for players to make their way through the castle to rescue the queen from an evil witch .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0642de2c2ae77e509e20af33e49935c5", "text": "Ella (Ella Fitzgerald album) Ella is a 1969 studio album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald . The first of two albums recorded for the Warner Bros. owned Reprise label . This album continues the theme set on Fitzgerald 's previous album , consisting in the main part of cover versions of popular songs from the late 1960s . The production of this recording was in the hands of Richard Perry , who had joined the Reprise label in 1967 . Perry later went on the produce albums by Barbra Streisand and Diana Ross . The album was re-issued on CD with alternative artwork , in 1989 . Released together on one CD with Ella 's final album recorded for Reprise label , Things Ai n't What They Used to Be ( And You Better Believe It ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49c95b95bf0615ead1ba706ef5cc51b1", "text": "Hello, Dolly! (film) Hello , Dolly ! is a 1969 American romantic comedy musical film based on the Broadway production of the same name . Directed by Gene Kelly and adapted and produced by Ernest Lehman , the cast includes Barbra Streisand , Walter Matthau , Michael Crawford , Danny Lockin , Tommy Tune , Fritz Feld , Marianne McAndrew , E. J. Peaker and Louis Armstrong ( whose recording of the title tune had become a number-one single in May 1964 ) . The film follows the story of Dolly Levi ( a strong-willed matchmaker ) , as she travels to Yonkers , New York , to find a match for the miserly `` well-known unmarried half-a-millionaire '' Horace Vandergelder . In doing so she convinces his niece , his niece 's intended , and Horace 's two clerks to travel to New York City . The film won three Oscars for Best Art Direction , Best Score of a Musical Picture , and Best Sound Mixing and was nominated for a further four Academy Awards , including Best Picture . Although the film eventually broke even , it was not a commercial success .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a9814aad4ea71ab267c7e4b1e063ba4", "text": "Mabel Taliaferro Mabel `` Nell '' Taliaferro ( May 21 , 1887 -- January 24 , 1979 ) was an American stage and silent-screen actress , known as the Sweetheart of American Movies . Taliaferro was descended on her father 's side from one of the early families who settled in Virginia in the 17th century , the Taliaferros , whose roots are from a northern Italian immigrant to England in the 16th century . Born as Maybelle Evelyn Taliaferro in New York City and raised in Richmond , Virginia , in 1912 her career began with the Selig Studios film version of Cinderella co-starring her then husband Thomas Carrigan . She continued performing in films through her retirement in 1921 . In 1940 , she appeared in her final picture , My Love Came Back . Taliaferro was a sister of film and stage actress Edith Taliaferro and the cousin of actress Bessie Barriscale . Her first husband was amusement park designer and manager Frederic Thompson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "547d3f275664e42a97f26cd7312b710b", "text": "The Uses of Enchantment The Uses of Enchantment : The Meaning and Importance of Fairy Tales is a 1976 book by Austrian-born American author Bruno Bettelheim , in which Bettelheim analyzes fairy tales in terms of Freudian psychoanalysis . Bettelheim presents a case that fairy tales helps children solve certain existential problems such separation anxiety , oedipal conflict , and sibling rivalries . The extreme violence and ugly emotions of many fairy tales serve to deflect what may well be going on in the child 's mind anyway . A child 's unrealistic fears often require unrealistic hopes . And furthermore , `` The Frog King '' may be superior to modern sex education in that it acknowledges that a child may find sex disgusting , and this may serve a protective function for the child .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a737b1a29000acb3ba8854e93558347", "text": "Erna Baumbauer Erma Baumbauer ( 8 January 1919 -- 30 January 2010 ) was a German casting agent . She has been called the `` grand dame of German casting agents '' by The Hollywood Reporter for her long career in the German film industry , which spanned decades . She was nicknamed `` the Queen of Bavaria '' by one of her clients , actor Ulrich Mühe . Bambauer was born in Munich in 1919 , and stood 5 ' 1 '' tall during her life . She began her career by working as a bookdealer and journalist . She founded her eponymous Munich-based talent agency , Erna Baunbauer Management , following the end of World War II , where she worked until her death in 2010 . The Hollywood Reporter described her as knowing everyone with the German film industry . In one instance , film director Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck sent Baumbauer a script for his 2006 film , The Lives of Others , for her to cast directly . Baumbauer directly chose three actors from her agency to become the male leads for the film - Ulrich Muehe , Sebastian Koch und Ulrich Tukur . Bambauer 's client included Sebastian Koch , Maximilian Schell , Katja Riemann , Susanne Lothar and Bruno Ganz . The German Film Academy awarded Baumbauer the lifetime achievement award in 2006 . This marked the first time in the academy 's history that a woman who was not a film director or actress by profession had received the honor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d06c2b6b95e916713962e3b6ce56877", "text": "Legally Blonde: The Musical – The Search for Elle Woods Legally Blonde : The Musical -- The Search for Elle Woods is an MTV program created in order to cast an actress to replace Laura Bell Bundy in the role of Elle Woods in the Broadway production of Legally Blonde : The Musical . The show debuted on June 2 , 2008 . The winner of the show , Bailey Hanks , in addition to being cast in the role , was given the opportunity to record her own single of the musical 's first-act closer , `` So Much Better '' . The show concluded on July 21 , 2008 . Autumn Hurlbert was the runner up . She served as Hanks ' understudy and performed in the ensemble of the show ( replacing Becky Gulsvig who left to join the tour ) . Bundy 's last performance in the musical was on July 20 , 2008 . Hanks began performances on July 23 , 2008 and remained with the show until it closed on October 19 , 2008 . Two other show finalists -- Rhiannon Hansen and Lauren Zakrin , performed in the `` Legally Blonde '' national tour . Hansen played Margot in the musical and Zakrin performed in the ensemble as well serving as understudy to Becky Gulsvig as Elle Woods . The show began with 15 contestants . All except the winner were eliminated over nine episodes , in which they performed songs and faced other challenges . A three-judge panel made the elimination decisions . Most episodes involved a small prize for the winner of the challenge .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "025ec13b564cd27871d4fb752ec19ecd", "text": "Spellbound Pictures Spellbound Pictures Ltd. , USA LLC is a film and television production and distribution company founded by Mark McClafferty and Pamela Edwards McClafferty in 1996 . Spellbound Pictures completed a $ 60,000,000.00 , 12 picture deal with Ellipse/Canal + , the French Entertainment giant in 1996 to supply the United Artist Theatre Circuit with a steady flow of family friendly films . It was under this deal that Spellbound Pictures along with Mehra Entertainment completed The Climb , starring John Hurt , Gregory Smith , and David Strathairn , which won eight international film festival awards and was released February 26 , 1999 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "495f31179bcc3d6aba0133fae33b96c8", "text": "Hedda Gabler (2015 film) Hedda Gabler is a film based on the Victorian Period Drama Classic Hedda Gabler , written by Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen . One of many film adaptations of this play , the 2014 film Hedda Gabler was produced , adapted and directed by Matthew John . Hedda Gabler is an example of realism in nineteenth century play writing , and is one of the world 's best known and most performed dramas . The film was shot at Maunsel House . The movie premiered at the Vika Cinema , Oslo on 8 September 2016 to open the Ibsen International Festivalen . A press Launch at the Henrik Ibsen Museum on 9 September 2016 . the event was sponsored by H+M and Radisson Blu.Matthew John attended the red carpet with Swedish supermodel Marcus Schenkenberg . Costumes from the movie have donated to the museum for permanent display . The title role is played by Rita Ramnani . The film is also part of the Worcester University PR and Journalism programme . The film had its UK premiere at the University , followed by talks from the cast , costume designer and director . Film is rumoured to be released by Netflix .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8afad326aad282e12344509226fbf3b", "text": "Good Girls (Elle King song) `` Good Girls '' is a song written and recorded by American singer and songwriter Elle King for the soundtrack of the 2016 supernatural comedy film , Ghostbusters . The song was co-written and produced by Dave Bassett . It was released digitally on June 3 , 2016 through RCA Records as the soundtrack 's lead single and impacted American Triple A radio on June 13 , 2016 . Upon release , the song received positive reviews from music critics and attained a top 40 position on the Billboard Rock Songs chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c939afda68637571994d1a7d5dd87a5", "text": "Heidi Lucas Heidi Lucas ( born June 3 , 1977 ) is a former teen American actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a028d29c676aa945e0e3ecd4aa13bbbd", "text": "Queen Latifah Dana Elaine Owens ( born March 18 , 1970 ) , known professionally by her stage name Queen Latifah , is an American rapper , songwriter , singer , actress , model , television producer , record producer , and talk show host . Born in Newark , New Jersey , she signed with Tommy Boy Records in 1989 and released her debut album All Hail the Queen the same year , featuring the hit single `` Ladies First '' . Her second album , Nature of a Sista ( 1991 ) , was her final album with Tommy Boy Records . Latifah starred as Khadijah James on the FOX sitcom Living Single , from 1993 to 1998 . Her third album Black Reign ( 1993 ) , spawned the single `` U.N.I.T.Y. '' , which won a Grammy Award and was successful on the Billboard Hot 100 . She then starred in the lead role of Set It Off ( 1996 ) and released her fourth album , Order in the Court , in 1998 , with Motown Records . Latifah gained mainstream success and acclaim with her performance in the film Chicago ( 2002 ) , receiving an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress . Latifah released her fifth album The Dana Owens Album in 2004 , and has since appeared in a number of films , such as Bringing Down the House ( 2003 ) , Taxi ( 2004 ) , Barbershop 2 : Back in Business ( 2005 ) , Beauty Shop ( 2005 ) , Last Holiday ( 2006 ) , Hairspray ( 2007 ) and Joyful Noise ( 2012 ) . In 2007 and 2009 , she released two more studio albums -- Trav ` lin ' Light and Persona . She created the daytime talk show The Queen Latifah Show , which ran from late 2013 to early 2015 on CBS . Latifah received critical acclaim for her portrayal of blues singer Bessie Smith in the HBO film Bessie ( 2015 ) , which she co-produced , winning the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Television Movie . She has long been considered one of hip-hop 's pioneer feminists . Queen Latifah received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2006 . Latifah 's work in music , film and television has earned her a Grammy Award , an Emmy Award , a Golden Globe award , three Screen Actors Guild Awards , two NAACP Image Awards , an Academy Award nomination and sales of over two million records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f34769d4317a6ef59caea0077bab25b3", "text": "Ella (Juan Gabriel album) Ella ( Her ) is the fifteenth studio album released by Juan Gabriel in 1980 . Available only for a very short time and distributed by RCA ( The old Juan Gabriel label ) with some songs no used previously at any record for example ; the very first version of `` Te Sigo Amando '' and some B sides .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad427ee41ccafeab086c5edc403e772d", "text": "Enchanted April (1992 film) Enchanted April is a 1992 film directed by Mike Newell . The screenplay by Peter Barnes was adapted from Elizabeth von Arnim 's 1922 novel The Enchanted April . The film stars Miranda Richardson , Josie Lawrence , Polly Walker and Joan Plowright , with Alfred Molina , Michael Kitchen and Jim Broadbent in supporting roles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90da8d74d8f47288bebf343e4efe8a56", "text": "Every Woman Every Woman is a syndicated television series produced by Entertainment Studios and created by Byron Allen . The series has aired since 2000 . Heidi Klum made a guest appearance on the show in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "75572ba2e55afc914253c1c586ffff89", "text": "Were the World Mine Were the World Mine is a 2008 romantic musical fantasy film directed by Tom Gustafson and written by Gustafson and Cory James Krueckeberg . Were the World Mine is a story of gay empowerment , inspired by Shakespeare 's A Midsummer Night 's Dream . Were the World Mine stars Tanner Cohen , Wendy Robie , Judy McLane , Zelda Williams , Jill Larson , Ricky Goldman , Nathaniel David Becker , Christian Stolte , and David Darlow .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab115398afb2178292f5755848fa0459", "text": "Annabel Linquist Annabel Linquist , also known as Holy Magic , or Bel , is an American artist , entrepreneur , musician , and producer . Annabel specializes creating custom paintings or `` Charms '' that `` neurologically rewire '' the brains of her collectors . According to Linquist , her work is `` coded to repel ghosts '' and is based on research in epigenetics , neuroplasticity , and the occult . Annabel 's privately commissioned `` psychic paintings '' and custom-made love songs are widely praised and known to be well loved in celebrity circles . Linquist is the creator of Book Report , a startup that became popular in 2011 by circulating a reincarnated series of Summer Guides that started as an underground Vanity Fair project . She is also known for her work with Sony Ericsson 's global promotional campaign for the Xperia Arc , which won a Webby Award in the Integrated Mobile Experience category in London and New York . Linquist created a song using only her mobile phone as a field recording device in Paris for the project . Annabel has just released her first single in collaboration with Imogen Heap 's Mi.Mu gloves project with an EP to follow this year .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "2a8dfb615c12d386ced8497ea145a89e", "text": "Seth MacFarlane Seth Woodbury MacFarlane ( -LSB- ˈsɛθ_ˈwʊdbɛri_məkˈfɑrlɪn -RSB- born October 26 , 1973 ) is an American actor , filmmaker , and singer , working primarily in animation and comedy , as well as live-action and other genres . MacFarlane is the creator of the TV series Family Guy ( 1999 -- 2003 , 2005 -- present ) , co-creator of the TV series American Dad ! ( 2005 -- present ) and The Cleveland Show ( 2009 -- 13 ) . He also wrote , directed , and starred in the films Ted ( 2012 ) , its sequel Ted 2 ( 2015 ) , and A Million Ways to Die in the West ( 2014 ) . MacFarlane is a graduate of the Rhode Island School of Design , where he studied animation . Recruited to Hollywood , he was an animator and writer for Hanna-Barbera for several television series , including Johnny Bravo , Cow and Chicken , Dexter 's Laboratory , I Am Weasel , and Larry & Steve . As an actor , he has made guest appearances on series , such as Gilmore Girls , The War at Home and FlashForward . In 2008 , he created his own YouTube series titled Seth MacFarlane 's Cavalcade of Cartoon Comedy . He won several awards for his work on Family Guy , including two Primetime Emmy Awards and an Annie Award . In 2009 , he won the Webby Award for Film & Video Person of the Year . He occasionally speaks at universities and colleges throughout the United States , and he is a supporter of gay rights . MacFarlane 's first feature-length comedy film , Ted , features his voice acting and performance-capture as the titular anthropomorphic teddy bear and became the highest-grossing original R-rated comedy . As a singer MacFarlane has performed at several venues , including Carnegie Hall and the Royal Albert Hall . MacFarlane has released three studio albums , in the same vein of his musical idol Frank Sinatra , beginning with Music Is Better Than Words in 2011 . He wrote the lyrics for the Academy Award-nominated song `` Everybody Needs a Best Friend '' for Ted . MacFarlane served as executive producer of Cosmos : A Spacetime Odyssey , an update of the 1980s Carl Sagan -- hosted Cosmos series , hosted by Neil deGrasse Tyson . MacFarlane was instrumental in providing funding for the series , as well as securing studio support for it from other entertainment executives .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d7ffcd694dce5413d91ad97eb25ba981", "text": "Josh Weinstein Josh Weinstein ( born May 5 , 1966 ) is an American television writer and producer , known for his work on the animated comedy series The Simpsons . Weinstein and Bill Oakley became best friends and writing partners at St. Albans High School ; Weinstein then attended Stanford University and was editor-in-chief of the Stanford Chaparral . He worked on several short-term media projects , including writing for the variety show Sunday Best , but was then unemployed for a long period . Weinstein and Oakley eventually penned a spec script for Seinfeld , after which they wrote `` Marge Gets a Job '' , an episode of The Simpsons . Subsequently , the two were hired to write for the show on a permanent basis in 1992 . After they wrote episodes such as `` $ pringfield ( Or , How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Legalized Gambling ) '' , `` Bart vs. Australia '' and `` Who Shot Mr. Burns ? '' , the two were appointed executive producers and showrunners for the seventh and eighth seasons of the show . They attempted to include several emotional episodes focusing on the Simpson family , as well as several high-concept episodes such as `` Homer 's Enemy '' , `` Two Bad Neighbors '' and `` The Principal and the Pauper '' , winning three Primetime Emmy Awards for their work . After they left The Simpsons , Oakley and Weinstein created Mission Hill . The show was plagued by promotional issues and was swiftly canceled . They worked as consulting producers on Futurama , then created The Mullets in 2003 . The two wrote several unsuccessful TV pilots , and were due to serve as showrunners on Sit Down , Shut Up in 2009 . Oakley left the project over a contract dispute , but Weinstein remained until it was canceled . He co-produced and wrote for Futurama again during its Comedy Central revival , winning an Emmy in 2011 . Since 2013 , Weinstein has served as showrunner for the CBBC series Strange Hill High . He has also served as a writer for Season Two of Gravity Falls , co-writing nine of the season 's episodes . Weinstein is married to journalist Lisa Simmons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e94efc63b70d2c7bc14c2479f0401a4", "text": "Star Trek: Odyssey Star Trek : Odyssey is a Star Trek fan production from Areakt Productions , the creators of Star Trek : Hidden Frontier . Set after the end of Hidden Frontier , Odyssey follows the USS Odyssey as it struggles to get home from a dangerous mission that has taken it and her crew 2.5 million light years from home to the unknowns of the Andromeda Galaxy . This is the first Star Trek series , fan produced or otherwise , to take place outside of the Milky Way Galaxy . The pilot for Odyssey , entitled Iliad , was put to wide release on Saturday , September 22 , 2007 and is now freely available on the official website . According to the creator of Hidden Frontier and Odyssey , Rob Caves , Odyssey will be primarily centered on Lt. Cmdr. Ro Nevin ( Brandon McConnell ) in a loose retelling of Homer 's classic story of The Odyssey , set in the 24th century universe of Star Trek . Ro was involved in numerous episodes of the Star Trek : Hidden Frontier series , and was in the first gay plotlines during the second season of Hidden Frontier . Caves has said that although Ro is an openly gay/bisexual character , the new series `` will focus instead on new aspects of his evolving persona that have not been explored yet in Hidden Frontier '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bf811c36aec0c51370349d6bcffd87bc", "text": "Angry Dad: The Movie `` Angry Dad : The Movie '' is the fourteenth episode of The Simpsons ' twenty-second season . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 20 , 2011 . The plot of the episode involves Bart winning many awards for his new short film based on his web cartoon series Angry Dad , which was first introduced in `` I Am Furious ( Yellow ) '' , while Homer takes credit for the film during acceptance speeches . `` Angry Dad : The Movie '' was written by John Frink and directed by Matthew Nastuk , with Ricky Gervais , Halle Berry , Russell Brand , Maurice LaMarche , Nick Park and J. B. Smoove guest starring . Cultural references in the episode include Pixar , Toy Story , Wallace and Gromit , Kung Fu Panda , Ms. Pac-Man , SpongeBob SquarePants and the 68th Golden Globe Award ceremony . The episode was viewed in an estimated 6.35 million households , with a 2.8 Nielsen rating , marking a slight rise in audience from the previous episode , while the episode was the twenty-fifth most viewed show for the week of broadcast among adults aged 18 -- 49 . Critical reception of the episode was generally positive , with critics praising the episode 's use of visual gags and cultural references .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b24fbb6db3f048e3f7b011b5c01fce63", "text": "Back at the Barnyard Back at the Barnyard is a Nickelodeon computer-animated television series that is a spin-off from the 2006 film , Barnyard . The debut series premiered on September 29 , 2007 on Nickelodeon . The show is produced by Omation Animation Studio , in association with Nickelodeon Animation Studios . The show mainly features pop culture references and parodies for the entertainment of the show . In February 2008 , Nickelodeon renewed the show for a second season consisting of 24 episodes . On January 22 , 2010 , Nickelodeon ordered 16 more episodes extending it to a third season . In March 2011 , the show was in hiatus , due to the more recent Omation show Planet Sheen pausing production of `` Back at the Barnyard '' episodes . The hiatus stopped in August 2011 when they announced the remaining episodes would air on Nickelodeon 's sister channel , Nicktoons , starting on September 12 , 2011 . The final episode of the show aired on November 12 , 2011 , and was entitled `` Aliens ! '' . This is Steve Oedekerk 's second animated series for Nickelodeon , as he was one of the executive producers of The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron : Boy Genius .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2bfe8c5032950aa6139b6ea733b2f951", "text": "Family Guy: The Quest for Stuff Family Guy : The Quest for Stuff is a freemium video game for Kindle , iOS , Android , Windows Phone 8 and Windows 8.1 based on the American animated series Family Guy released by Fox Digital Entertainment and developer TinyCo . It allows users to create and run their own version of Quahog using familiar characters and buildings . It features an original story conceived by the show 's writers in which Quahog has been destroyed and it is up to the player to bring it back to its former glory . Some of the show 's main actors , like Seth MacFarlane ( Peter , Stewie , Brian ) , Alex Borstein ( Lois ) , Mila Kunis ( Meg ) , and Seth Green ( Chris ) collaborated with TinyCo for the project .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9665c9d40711fb80e08070b27d93066e", "text": "Freaks and Geeks Freaks and Geeks is an American teen comedy-drama television series , created by Paul Feig , with Judd Apatow as executive producer , that aired on NBC during the 1999 -- 2000 television season . Eighteen episodes were completed , but the series was canceled after only 12 had aired . A fan-led campaign persuaded NBC to broadcast three more episodes in July 2000 ; the three remaining unaired episodes , for a total of 18 , aired that September on the cable network Fox Family Channel . The series appeared on Time magazine 's 2007 `` 100 Greatest Shows of All Time '' list , and placed third on the magazine 's list of greatest television shows of the 2000s ( decade ) . In 2007 , Freaks and Geeks ranked # 21 on TV Guides Top Cult Shows Ever . In 2008 , Entertainment Weekly ranked it the 13th-best series of the past 25 years . The same year , AOL TV named it the Best School Show of All Time . In 2013 TV Guide included it in its list of The 60 Greatest Dramas of All Time , and ranked it # 1 on their list of 60 shows that were `` Cancelled Too Soon '' . It launched several of its young actors into successful television and film careers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7178d2a6fee9c52972ad3fbd5c966aa", "text": "Marvel Productions Marvel Productions Ltd. , later known as New World Animation Ltd. , was the television and film studio subsidiary of the Marvel Entertainment Group , based in Hollywood , Los Angeles , California . It later became a subsidiary of New World Entertainment and eventually of News Corporation ( Fox Entertainment Group ) . Marvel Productions produced animated television series , motion pictures , and television specials such as Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends , The Incredible Hulk , My Little Pony : The Movie , The Transformers : The Movie , and G.I. Joe : The Movie as well as the Transformers and G.I. Joe : A Real American Hero television series . Most of Marvel Productions ' back catalog ( mostly non-Hasbro related productions ) is currently owned by The Walt Disney Company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a1390660200817b1e4b074567bf1255", "text": "The Simpsons Movie The Simpsons Movie is a 2007 American animated comedy film based on the Fox television series The Simpsons . The film was directed by David Silverman , and stars the regular television cast of Dan Castellaneta , Julie Kavner , Nancy Cartwright , Yeardley Smith , Hank Azaria , Harry Shearer , Tress MacNeille , Pamela Hayden , Marcia Wallace , and Russi Taylor with guest appearances by Tom Hanks , Green Day , and Albert Brooks . The film follows Homer Simpson , whose irresponsibility gets the better of him when he pollutes the lake in Springfield after the town has cleaned it up following receipt of a warning from the Environmental Protection Agency . As the townspeople exile him and eventually his family abandons him , Homer works to redeem his folly by stopping Russ Cargill , the fictional head of the EPA , when he intends to destroy Springfield . Previous attempts to create a The Simpsons film failed due to the lack of a script of appropriate length and production crew members . Eventually , producers James L. Brooks , Matt Groening , Al Jean , Richard Sakai , and Mike Scully began development of the film in 2001 . A writing team consisting of Brooks , Groening , Jean , Scully , Ian Maxtone-Graham , George Meyer , David Mirkin , Mike Reiss , Matt Selman , John Swartzwelder , and Jon Vitti was assembled . They conceived numerous plot ideas , with Groening 's being the one developed into a film . The script was re-written over a hundred times , and this creativity continued after the animation had begun in 2006 . This meant hours of finished material was cut , which included cameo roles from Erin Brockovich , Minnie Driver , Isla Fisher , Kelsey Grammer , and Edward Norton . Hanks and Green Day appeared in the final cut as themselves . Tie-in promotions were made with several companies , including Burger King and 7-Eleven , the latter which transformed selected stores into Kwik-E-Marts . The film premiered in Springfield , Vermont , which had won the right to hold it through a competition organized by Fox . The film was a critical and commercial success , grossing over $ 527 million worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2eb3315f31e5b52a75c52649bbed2a00", "text": "He-Man and the Masters of the Universe He-Man and the Masters of the Universe is an American animated television series produced by Filmation based on Mattel 's toy line Masters of the Universe . The show , often referred to as simply He-Man , was one of the most popular animated children 's shows of the 1980s , and has retained a heavy cult following to this day . It made its television debut in 1983 and ran until 1985 , consisting of two seasons of 65 episodes each . Reruns continued to air in syndication until 1988 , at which point USA Network bought the rights to the series . USA aired He-Man until September 1990 . Reruns of the show are no longer being broadcast on the Qubo Night Owl nor on Retro Television Network in the US , but the show is now available on Netflix .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8fadccb571e7a164e402b1eabbb9b82b", "text": "Odyssey Productions Odyssey Productions ( formerly Odyssey Visual Design ) is the former name of a California-based photography and 3-D computer animation company founded in 1983 by Steven Churchill in partnership with Adrian Turcotte . It was the first San Diego company to produce 3-D computer animation and its clients have included Coca-Cola , General Dynamics , Union Oil , Southwestern Cable , Metrocast , Honda , and a number of TV stations across the country . While Odyssey focused primarily on 35mm back-lit motion graphics and special effects for the first 5 years of its existence , its award-winning release of the world 's first home entertainment video of computer animation , State Of the Art Of Computer Animation in 1988 brought about a shift in focus to 3D computer animation . The accolades and sales successes achieved by State Of the Art Of Computer Animation prompted the 1990 release of The Mind 's Eye : A Computer Animation Odyssey , a title that would become the first member of the successful The Mind 's Eye series . The next decade ( 1990 -- 2000 ) would be taken up almost entirely with the production of 19 feature-length 3-D computer animated package films for home release . The company 's name became Odyssey Productions in 1995 and the last 12 3D computer animated films were released under this name . In 2003 the company again changed its name to AnimationTrip and broadened its focus to encompass photography to a greater extent . Under this new corporate name , the company added a business enterprise in 2004 focused primarily on photographic art and has launched a series of international art exhibitions in San Diego , California called the Art of Photography Show and the Art of Digital Show . Since 2006 , exhibiting photographic art and promoting photo artists has been the full focus of the business . In 2010 the company was named PhotoCulture , Inc. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "97612c1ed326f54947711aaf3729fbe8", "text": "Neil deGrasse Tyson Presents: Space Odyssey Neil deGrasse Tyson Presents : Space Odyssey is an upcoming sandbox video game with 4X elements being developed by Whatnot Entertainment for Microsoft Windows , macOS , Linux , iOS , and Android systems , including virtual reality devices , anticipated for release in 2017 . The game is being co-developed by astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson , and will have some educational aspects as the player designs and grows parts of a virtual galaxy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e968b7a371aef224cf329ad974c3a476", "text": "Odyssey (WBEZ) Odyssey was a daily talk show of ideas produced by WBEZ Chicago Public Radio . Hosted by Gretchen Helfrich , Odyssey explored topics ranging from religion in the public sphere to reasoning about risk ; pacifism to post-national identity ; memory to Microsoft ; societal views on mental health to the state of marriage . Odyssey first went on the air in Chicago in 1998 and was launched as Chicago Public Radio 's newest national program in November 2001 . `` Talk radio has a reputation for being either inflammatory or pretentious , '' said Torey Malatia , the president and general manager of Chicago Public Radio . `` Odyssey moves this format in a new direction by providing a forum for the best minds in fields as diverse as politics , science , culture , philosophy , law , and the arts to engage in insightful conversation . '' Odysseys guests had varied and complementary views and were invited to investigate ideas and issues -- rather than just to debate them . The first part of the program was an in-depth discussion of ideas that influence the world in which we live . Towards the end of each show , listeners were invited to call in and join the conversation . Barack Obama made at least three appearances on the show engaging in deep , non-political , discussions of public policy for the duration of the program . The theme music for the show was written by little-known Chicago band OK Go , who later went on to wider fame . Helfrich and other radio personalities also appeared in a video for the band . Odyssey ended production on September 30 , 2005 , and the audio is archived at Archive.org . When the show ended , its host Gretchen Helfrich enrolled in the University of Chicago Law School , graduating in 2009 with honors . In 2014 she joined the civil rights law firm of Loevy & Loevy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d041fdc8aa960790a4db6ed799f49c92", "text": "Genesis Storytime Genesis Storytime was a cable TV channel founded in 1983 in Canada by Art Doerksen and Greg Stetski and distributed to several cable TV systems throughout the USA . It was a 24-hour channel that functioned as a `` electronic storybook '' of sorts , that featured several digitally redrawn children 's books , such as Eric Hill 's Spot the Dog series , and Christian children 's stories as well . It displayed each page of a story on-screen , and would draw each page 's graphics somewhat slowly , due to the technology of the time . There was no sound transmitted with the channel , since Genesis Storytime was meant to be read out loud by a parent reading a story displayed to a child . Some cable TV companies , however , would feed some audio source ( such as a terrestrial or satellite-fed radio station or other audio source received by the cable TV company ) along with the channel in place of its silence . The books were redrawn digitally ( using NAPLPS ) because of the way Genesis Storytime was distributed to the cable TV headends . It relied on decoders originally used for the Canadian NAPLPS-based Telidon videotex system installed at the headend , with the graphical data for the stories to be displayed being fed to the Telidon decoders via a datastream delivered via satellite to the headend from Satellite Syndicated Systems , a company that distributed data for teletext and other services . The data was then decoded and displayed as graphics by the decoder , with the decoder 's video output being fed to a cable TV channel . This meant that Genesis Storytime was distributed on a cable TV system as a regular channel viewable on any regular TV set , without any set-top decoder required . Genesis Storytime 's logo was a red heart in a black box , which would blink in the corner of the screen whenever the next page was about to come up . Although being Canadian in origin , Genesis Storytime was mainly distributed in the USA because of Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission regulations that hindered the distribution of Genesis Storytime in Canada . VSP-7 , a public-access channel in Winnipeg , did air the channel as a 30-minute program on the schedule , ending the program even if a story was not completed . Genesis Storytime later ceased operations . Category : Television channels and stations established in 1983 Category : Defunct Canadian television channels Category : Videotex Category : Reading and literacy television series", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24f0b42e08bac8412b7680fefb112b3d", "text": "Big Apple Comic Con The Big Apple Comic Con is a New York City comic book convention , the longest-running comic book/science fiction/fantasy/horror / pop culture convention in New York City . It was started by retailer Michael `` Mike Carbo '' Carbonaro in March 1996 in the basement of the Church of St. Paul the Apostle . During its heyday from 2001 -- 2008 , the Big Apple Comic Con often featured multiple shows per year , with a large three-day `` national '' convention held in November , usually held at the Penn Plaza Pavilion . The show was owned by Wizard Entertainment from 2009 to 2013 , but is now back in the hands of Carbonaro . Over the course of its history , the convention has been known as the Big Apple Convention , the Big Apple Comic Book Art , and Toy Show , and the Big Apple Comic Book , Art , Toy & Sci-Fi Expo ; with the November shows known as the National Comic Book , Art , Toy , and Sci-Fi Expo , the National Comic Book , Art , and Sci-Fi Expo , and the National Comic Book , Comic Art , and Fantasy Convention . After the show 's acquisition by Wizard Entertainment , the convention was known as the Wizard World Big Apple Comic Con , and as the Wizard World New York City Experience . In 2014 , the name `` Big Apple Convention '' was revived by Carbonaro for a show scheduled for March 7 , 2015 . Though it primarily focuses on comic books , the convention features a large range of pop culture elements , such as professional wrestling , science fiction/fantasy , film/television , animation , anime , manga , toys , horror , collectible card games , video games , webcomics , and fantasy novels . Along with panels , seminars , and workshops with comic book professionals , the Big Apple Comic Con often features previews of upcoming films , and such evening events as the costume contest overseen by `` Captain Zorikh '' Zorikh Lequidre . The convention features a large floorspace for exhibitors , including comic book dealers and collectibles merchants . The show includes an autograph area , as well as the Artists ' Alley where comics artists can sign autographs and sell or do free sketches . ( Despite the name , Artists ' Alley can include writers and even glamour models . ) In 2009 , Michael Carbonaro established his own independent one-day convention known as the New York Comic Book Marketplace which ran annually through 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7715c6d2158d1664e14b3fe0bf7fe7b7", "text": "The Simpsons The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company . The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life epitomized by the Simpson family , which consists of Homer , Marge , Bart , Lisa , and Maggie . The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture , society , television , and the human condition . The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks . Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family , substituting Bart for his own name . The shorts became a part of The Tracey Ullman Show on April 19 , 1987 . After a three-season run , the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became an early hit for Fox , becoming the network 's first series to land in the Top 30 ratings in a season ( 1989 -- 90 ) . Since its debut on December 17 , 1989 , episodes of The Simpsons have been broadcast . Its 28th season began on September 25 , 2016 . It is the longest-running American sitcom and the longest-running American animated program , and , in 2009 , it surpassed Gunsmoke as the longest-running American scripted primetime television series . The Simpsons Movie , a feature-length film , was released in theaters worldwide on July 27 , 2007 , and grossed over $ 527 million . On November 4 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a twenty-ninth and thirtieth season of 22 episodes each , extending the show to 2019 . The Simpsons received widespread critical acclaim throughout its first nine seasons , which are generally considered its `` Golden Age '' . Time named it the 20th century 's best television series , and Erik Adams of The A.V. Club named it `` television 's crowning achievement regardless of format '' . On January 14 , 2000 , the Simpson family was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . It has won dozens of awards since it debuted as a series , including 31 Primetime Emmy Awards , 30 Annie Awards , and a Peabody Award . Homer 's exclamatory catchphrase `` D'oh ! '' has been adopted into the English language , while The Simpsons has influenced many adult-oriented animated sitcoms . Despite this , the show has also been criticized for what many perceive as a decline in quality over the years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "642d98b108445d83b6ac1429095c3a3c", "text": "Odd Todd Odd Todd is a website owned and operated by Todd Rosenberg , who has created a series of humorous Flash cartoons depicting the world of unemployment , after becoming unemployed himself . Rosenberg 's first cartoon , Laid Off : A Day in the Life , humorously deals with frustration , despair , and boredom of an unemployed man in his 30s , a situation shared by many in the Silicon Valley after the dot com crash . After visitors contributed several thousand dollars through the website 's `` Tip Cup '' link , the New York State Department of Labor attempted to revoke Rosenberg 's unemployment benefits on the grounds that the site constituted a business . In July 2002 , a judge ruled that Rosenberg did not have to return the benefits he had received . His cartoon character was picked up for development at Comedy Central for a half-hour television show but was shelved . His book , The Odd Todd Handbook was published in 2003 by Warner Books . Paramount Pictures purchased `` Odd Todd '' as a live-action movie in 2005 . Rosenberg has been working as a freelance animator . Odd Todd animation has been featured on ABC World News , National Geographic , America 's Test Kitchen and Time.com .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ced05eef9ffac83662b4e2c14f405499", "text": "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) Captain Marvel , also known as Shazam , is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . Artist C. C. Beck and writer Bill Parker created the character in 1939 . Captain Marvel first appeared in Whiz Comics # 2 ( cover-dated Feb. 1940 ) , published by Fawcett Comics . He is the alter ego of Billy Batson , a boy who , by speaking the magic word `` SHAZAM '' ( acronym of 6 Greek `` immortal elders '' - Solomon , Hercules , Atlas , Zeus , Achilles , and Mercury ) , can transform himself into a costumed adult with the powers of superhuman strength , speed , flight , and other abilities . Based on book sales , the character was the most popular superhero of the 1940s , outselling even Superman . Fawcett expanded the franchise to include other `` Marvels '' , primarily Marvel Family associates Mary Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. , who can harness Billy 's powers as well . Captain Marvel was also the first comic book superhero to be adapted into film , in a 1941 Republic Pictures serial titled Adventures of Captain Marvel . Fawcett ceased publishing Captain Marvel-related comics in 1953 , partly because of a copyright infringement suit from DC Comics , alleging that Captain Marvel was a copy of Superman . In 1972 , DC licensed the Marvel Family characters from Fawcett , and returned them to publication . By 1991 , DC had acquired all rights to the characters . DC has since integrated Captain Marvel and the Marvel Family into their DC Universe and has attempted to revive the property several times , with mixed success . Due to trademark conflicts over another character named `` Captain Marvel '' owned by Marvel Comics since 1967 , DC chose to publish the character 's adventures in a comic book titled Shazam ! for many years , leading many to assume that this was the character 's name . DC later officially renamed the character `` Shazam '' when relaunching its comic book properties in 2011 . In addition , since 1972 , the character has been featured in two television series adaptations , one live action and one animated , by Filmation , and an upcoming Warner Bros. . Shazam ! feature film scheduled for release in 2019 as part of the DC Extended Universe . Captain Marvel was ranked as the 55th greatest comic book character of all time by Wizard magazine . IGN also ranked Captain Marvel as the 50th greatest comic book hero of all time , stating that the character will always be an enduring reminder of a simpler time . UGO Networks ranked him as one of the top heroes of entertainment , saying , `` At his best , Shazam has always been Superman with a sense of crazy , goofy fun '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3764e7234bddbc73d71d09c91b8f51e", "text": "List of The Simpsons video games The Simpsons is an American animated television sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company . The series is a satirical parody of a middle class American lifestyle epitomized by its eponymous family , which consists of Homer , Marge , Bart , Lisa and Maggie . It is set in the fictional town of Springfield , and lampoons American culture , society and television , and many aspects of the human condition . The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a pitch for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks . Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family , substituting Bart for his own name . The shorts became a part of The Tracey Ullman Show on April 19 , 1987 and after a three-season run , the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became a hit series for Fox . The growing popularity of the series motivated video game developers to create video games based on the series . Two pinball machines have also been produced ; one self-titled , that was only made available for a limited time after the first season finale ( 1990 ) and The Simpsons Pinball Party ( 2003 ) . Additionally , several handheld device games have been released , such as Bartman : Avenger of Evil ( 1990 ) and Bart Simpson 's Cupcake Crisis ( 1991 ) . Video games based on the series have reached multiple platforms since their debut in 1991 . The Simpsons '' ' first video game release , The Simpsons , developed and published by Konami , saw a release on the Commodore 64 and DOS , while Bart vs. the Space Mutants ( 1991 ) , developed by Imagineering , expanded the franchise into new platforms , including the Amstrad CPC , NES and Master System . Over the next few years , the franchise would continue to expand , releasing system-exclusive games , such as the PC 's Cartoon Studio ( 1996 ) and the PlayStation 's The Simpsons Wrestling ( 2001 ) . The release of The Simpsons Game ( 2007 ) , developed by EA Redwood Shores ( Visceral Games ) , further expanded the franchise , appearing on new platforms including the Wii , Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 . Due to the series ' longevity , The Simpsons video games have also spanned across many genres , such as the puzzle game Krusty 's Fun House ( 1992 ) , the sports game Itchy & Scratchy in Miniature Golf Madness ( 1994 ) and racing game Road Rage ( 2001 ) . The Simpsons is also one of the franchises spotlighted in the toys-to-life video game Lego Dimensions '' ( 2015 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b7e2c503f901364f706a5c5a81eb236a", "text": "Stargate fandom Stargate fandom is a community of people actively interested in the military science fiction film Stargate and the television shows Stargate SG-1 ( SG1 ) , Stargate Infinity ( SGI ) , Stargate Atlantis ( SGA ) , Stargate Universe ( SGU ) and their spin offs . The first franchise release , Stargate ( 1994 ) spawned four television series successors , four movies ( two in production ) , a plethora of merchandise , and a massive franchise collectively known as the Stargate ( owned by Metro -- Goldwyn -- Mayer and aired by Syfy , which now owns television properties they previously held with Carolco Pictures ) . Thanks to Stargate fandom , the franchise has spawned other media including books , television series , video games , comic books and audiobooks . These supplements to the film and series trilogies comprise another universe than the series and the film , and have resulted in significant development of the series ' fictional universe . These media kept the franchise going in the interim between the film and series trilogies . In 2008 , Stargate : The Ark of Truth and Continuum was released direct-to-DVD , which in total grossed over 21 million in the United States . In 2002 , the franchise 's first animated series , Stargate Infinity , was released as an introduction to the Expanded Universe . In 2004 , Stargate Atlantis was released as a spin off from Stargate SG-1 and a new Stargate spin-off series entitled Stargate Universe was released in the fall of 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55911d699a372c3a068f18c49f1f527c", "text": "The Simpsons (season 25) The Simpsons '' ' twenty-fifth season began airing on Fox on September 29 , 2013 and ended on May 18 , 2014 . In this season , Homer sells his Mapple stock to buy a bowling ball ; Marge blames herself and Kiss for Bart 's rebellious streak ( `` Four Regrettings and a Funeral '' ) ; Lisa becomes a cheerleader for Springfield 's football team ; and Homer delivers a baby ( `` Labor Pains '' ) . Guest stars for this season include Judd Apatow , Will Arnett , Anderson Cooper , Harlan Ellison , Zach Galifianakis , Stan Lee , Eva Longoria , Rachel Maddow , Elisabeth Moss , Joe Namath , Daniel Radcliffe , Aaron Sorkin , and Kristen Wiig . This is Al Jean 's 13th consecutive season as showrunner and 15th overall . Matt Groening , James L. Brooks , Matt Selman , and John Frink serve as executive producers . Executive producer Al Jean stated that Edna Krabappel will be retired from the show following the death of Marcia Wallace on October 25 , 2013 . February 2014 held back Simpsons episodes , due to the transmission of the Super Bowl XLVIII in East Rutherford , New Jersey , United States ; the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi , Russia ; the 2014 Daytona 500 in Daytona Beach , Florida , US ; and the 86th Academy Awards in Hollywood , Los Angeles , California . This season The Simpsons '' won three Primetime Emmy Awards out of four nominations , including an Primetime Emmy Award for Character Voice-Over Performance to Harry Shearer , who was the last member of the main cast to earn the award .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "77e3a401b1e94472922c2ea867fc6b7b", "text": "Paris Peace Accords The Paris Peace Accords , officially titled the Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam , was a peace treaty signed on January 27 , 1973 to establish peace in Vietnam and end the Vietnam War . The treaty included the governments of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam ( North Vietnam ) , the Republic of Vietnam ( South Vietnam ) , and the United States , as well as the Provisional Revolutionary Government ( PRG ) that represented indigenous South Vietnamese revolutionaries . It ended direct U.S. military combat , and temporarily stopped the fighting between North and South Vietnam . However , the agreement was not ratified by the United States Senate . The negotiations that led to the accord began in 1968 , after various lengthy delays . As a result of the accord , the International Control Commission ( ICC ) was replaced by the International Commission of Control and Supervision ( ICCS ) to fulfill the agreement . The main negotiators of the agreement were United States National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger and Vietnamese politburo member Lê Đức Thọ ; the two men were awarded the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts , although Lê Đức Thọ refused to accept it .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "13656449889424e2d76c3280565478e3", "text": "Vietnam War The Vietnam War ( Chiến tranh Việt Nam ) , also known as the Second Indochina War , and known in Vietnam as Resistance War Against America ( Kháng chiến chống Mỹ ) or simply the American War , was a war that occurred in Vietnam , Laos , and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975 . It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam and the government of South Vietnam . The North Vietnamese army was supported by the Soviet Union , China and other communist allies and the South Vietnamese army was supported by the United States , South Korea , Australia , Thailand and other anti-communist allies . The war is therefore considered a Cold War-era proxy war . The Viet Cong ( also known as the National Liberation Front , or NLF ) , a South Vietnamese communist common front aided by the North , fought a guerrilla war against anti-communist forces in the region , while the People 's Army of Vietnam , also known as the North Vietnamese Army ( NVA ) , engaged in more conventional warfare , at times committing large units to battle . As the war continued , the military actions of the Viet Cong decreased as the role and engagement of the NVA grew . U.S. and South Vietnamese forces relied on air superiority and overwhelming firepower to conduct search and destroy operations , involving ground forces , artillery , and airstrikes . In the course of the war , the U.S. conducted a large-scale strategic bombing campaign against North Vietnam . The North Vietnamese government and the Viet Cong were fighting to reunify Vietnam . They viewed the conflict as a colonial war and a continuation of the First Indochina War against forces from France and later on the United States . The U.S. government viewed its involvement in the war as a way to prevent a communist takeover of South Vietnam . This was part of the domino theory of a wider containment policy , with the stated aim of stopping the spread of communism worldwide . Beginning in 1950 , American military advisors arrived in what was then French Indochina.The Military Assistance Advisory Group , Indochina ( with an authorized strength of 128 men ) was set up in September 1950 with a mission to oversee the use and distribution of US military equipment by the French and their allies . U.S. involvement escalated in the early 1960s , with troop levels tripling in 1961 and again in 1962 . U.S. involvement escalated further following the 1964 Gulf of Tonkin incident , in which a U.S. destroyer clashed with North Vietnamese fast attack craft , which was followed by the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution , which gave the U.S. president authorization to increase U.S. military presence . Regular U.S. combat units were deployed beginning in 1965 . Operations crossed international borders : bordering areas of Laos and Cambodia were heavily bombed by U.S. forces as American involvement in the war peaked in 1968 , the same year that the communist side launched the Tet Offensive . The Tet Offensive failed in its goal of overthrowing the South Vietnamese government , but became the turning point in the war , as it persuaded a large segment of the U.S. population that its government 's claims of progress toward winning the war were illusory despite many years of massive U.S. military aid to South Vietnam . Gradual withdrawal of U.S. ground forces began as part of `` Vietnamization '' , which aimed to end American involvement in the war while transferring the task of fighting the communists to the South Vietnamese themselves . Despite the Paris Peace Accord , which was signed by all parties in January 1973 , the fighting continued . In the U.S. and the Western world , a large anti-Vietnam War movement developed as part of a larger counterculture . The war changed the dynamics between the Eastern and Western Blocs , and altered North -- South relations . Direct U.S. military involvement ended on 15 August 1973 . The capture of Saigon by the North Vietnamese Army in April 1975 marked the end of the war , and North and South Vietnam were reunified the following year . The war exacted a huge human cost in terms of fatalities ( see Vietnam War casualties ) . Estimates of the number of Vietnamese soldiers and civilians killed vary from 966,000 to 3.8 million . Some 240,000 -- 300,000 Cambodians , 20,000 -- 62,000 Laotians , and 58,220 U.S. service members also died in the conflict , and a further 1,626 remain missing in action .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "103e88b332091698f04224052264cdf3", "text": "Non-Aligned Movement The Non-Aligned Movement ( NAM ) is a group of states that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc . , the movement has 120 members . The purpose of the organization has been enumerated as to ensure `` the national independence , sovereignty , territorial integrity and security of non-aligned countries '' in their `` struggle against imperialism , colonialism , neo-colonialism , racism , and all forms of foreign aggression , occupation , domination , interference or hegemony as well as against great power and bloc politics , '' by Fidel Castro in the Havana Declaration of 1979 . The countries of the Non-Aligned Movement represent nearly two-thirds of the United Nations ' members and contain 55 % of the world population . Membership is particularly concentrated in countries considered to be developing or part of the Third World . Although many of the Non-Aligned Movement 's members were actually quite closely aligned with one or another of the superpowers , the movement still maintained cohesion throughout the Cold War , even despite several conflicts between members which also threatened the movement . In the years since the Cold War 's end , it has focused on developing multilateral ties and connections as well as unity among the developing nations of the world , especially those within the Global South .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b7a543f0516c9c5a84ec92349713cb74", "text": "The Gamble (book) The Gamble : General David Petraeus and the American Military Adventure in Iraq , 2006-2008 is a 2009 book by journalist Thomas E. Ricks about the Iraq War . It covers the 2006-2008 period where his last book Fiasco left off . A primary focus is the Iraq War troop surge of 2007 , along with the ascension to command of Gen. David Petraeus and the change in approach of Gen. Ray Odierno towards the use of counter-insurgency strategies . Ricks believes that the troop surge was successful in reducing violence in Iraq and `` reviv -LSB- ing -RSB- American prospects in the war , '' but that it was a failure based on its initial goal of bringing about a political reconciliation in Iraq . Ricks states in the first chapter of the book ( page 8 ) : In revisiting the U.S. approach to the Iraq war , Petraeus found tactical success -- that is , improved security -- but not the clear political breakthrough that would have meant unambiguous strategic success . At the end of the surge , the fundamental political problems facing Iraq were the same ones as when it began . At the end of 2008 , two years into the revamped war , there was no prospect of the fighting ending anytime soon . But it was almost certain that whenever it did end , it would n't be with the victory that the Bush administration continued to describe , of an Iraq that was both a stable democracy and an ally of the United States . Nor was that really the goal anymore , though no one had said so publicly . Under Petraeus , the American goal of transforming Iraq had quietly been scaled down . But even his less ambitious target of sustainable security would remain elusive , with no certainty of reaching it anytime soon . Ricks also predicted that the US will have combat troops in Iraq until at least 2015 , . The last combat troops left with the war 's end in December 2011 , only to return three years later during the American-led intervention in Iraq ( 2014 -- present ) . Ricks appeared to promote the book on The Daily Show with Jon Stewart on 10 February , 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7417891f9830abf7495ce18e204dad8", "text": "Ronald Humphrey Ronald Humphrey was a United States Information Agency ( USIA ) official who was convicted of spying for North Vietnam . He and co-conspirator David Truong ( born Truong Dinh Hung ) , the son of a South Vietnamese politician Truong Nhu Tang , were arrested in 1977 and charged with conspiracy , espionage , theft of classified information and failing to register as foreign agents . They were convicted of spying for the North Vietnamese and both given a 15-year prison sentence . Truong was a South Vietnamese expatriate living in the United States and who as active in the anti-Vietnam War movement . His father had run against Nguyen Van Thieu on a peace platform and was a member of the anti-Thieu Provisional Revolutionary Government of South Vietnam . Supplied with information by Humphrey , Truong passed on diplomatic cables and classified information to North Vietnam and the successor Socialist Republic of Vietnam government . The intermediary was the wife of a naval attache , Yung Krall , codenamed `` Agent Keyseat '' , who was a double agent for the U.S. intelligence services . Some of the documents were used by the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong negotiators at the Paris Peace Conference . It is the only case of military espionage to come out of the Vietnam War .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "410255e2d346da4558b73f4ba1da2a09", "text": "Rice production in Vietnam Rice production in Vietnam in the Mekong and Red River deltas is important to the food supply in the country and national economy . Vietnam is one of world 's richest agricultural regions and is the second-largest ( after Thailand ) exporter worldwide and the world 's seventh-largest consumer of rice . The Mekong Delta is the heart of the rice producing region of the country where water , boats , houses and markets coexist to produce a generous harvest of rice . Vietnam 's land area of 33 million ha has three ecosystems that dictate rice culture . These are the southern delta ( with its Mekong Delta dominating rice coverage ) , the northern delta ( the tropical monsoon area with cold winters ) and the highlands of the north ( with upland rice varieties ) . The most prominent irrigated rice system is the Mekong Delta . Rice is a staple of the national diet and is seen as a `` gift from God '' . The Mekong River and its tributaries are crucial to rice production in Vietnam . A total of 12 provinces constitute the Mekong Delta , popularly known as the `` Rice Bowl '' of Vietnam , which contain some 17 million people and 80 % of them are engaged in rice cultivation . The delta produced bountiful harvest of about 20 million tons in 2008 , about a half of the country 's total production . The rice bowl has assured food security to its population whose 75 % of daily calories are met by rice , which is also the staple diet of nearly 50 % of world 's population of 7.4-billion people . Within the delta system dominated by rice , now the farming system also includes activities related to aquaculture , rearing of animals , cash crops and fruit trees . Under aquaculture fresh and saline water shrimp are raised within the paddy rice fields . As a further environmental zoning of the delta , mangrove forests are also developed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "219a3baea59bd419e05c735bfdb2273e", "text": "Reunification Day Reunification Day ( Ngày Thống nhất ) , Victory Day ( Ngày Chiến thắng ) or Liberation Day ( Ngày Giải phóng or Ngày Giải phóng miền Nam ) or the official name of Day of liberating the South for national reunification ( Giải phóng miền Nam , thống nhất đất nước ) is a public holiday in Vietnam that marks the event when Viet Cong and North Vietnamese troops captured Saigon ( now Ho Chi Minh City ) on April 30 , 1975 . This signalled the end of the Vietnam War , known in Vietnamese as Chiến tranh Việt Nam ( Vietnam War ) or Kháng chiến chống Mỹ cứu nước ( `` Resistance War Against American invasion '' ) . It was the start of the transition period toward reunification , which occurred in the national election for national reunification on July 2 , 1976 , when the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam and Democratic Republic of Vietnam merged to form the modern-day Vietnam or the Socialist Republic of Vietnam . The anniversary is marked by several festivals around the date . Sections of the Vietnamese exile community remember it as the `` Fall of Saigon '' , `` Black April '' ( Tháng Tư Đen ) , National Day of Shame ( Ngày Quốc Nhục ) or National Day of Resentment ( Ngày Quốc Hận ) . This is a commemorative day for exiled Vietnamese who served , were affected , and displaced in those overseas communities , and as such is a day of reflection .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6caf26b52af49cb8f0b56b6e2aa0543", "text": "John Kerry military service controversy During John Kerry 's candidacy in the 2004 U.S. presidential campaign , a political issue that gained widespread public attention was Kerry 's Vietnam War record . In television advertisements and a book called Unfit for Command , co-authored by John O'Neill and Jerome Corsi , the Swift Boat Veterans for Truth ( SBVT ) , a 527 group later known as the Swift Vets and POWs for Truth , questioned details of his military service record and circumstances relating to the award of his combat medals . Their campaign against Kerry 's presidential bid received widespread publicity , but was later discredited and gave rise to the neologism `` swiftboating '' , to describe an unfair or untrue political attack . Defenders of John Kerry 's service record , including nearly all of his former crewmates , have stated that SBVT 's allegations are false .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "532e86792e6238411b4533d36f49d6cb", "text": "1950s The 1950s ( pronounced nineteen-fifties ; commonly abbreviated as the 50s or Fifties ) was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1 , 1950 , and ended on December 31 , 1959 . By its end , the world had largely recovered from World War II and the Cold War developed from its modest beginning in the late-1940s to a hot competition between the United States and the Soviet Union by the early-1960s . Clashes between communism and capitalism dominated the decade , especially in the Northern Hemisphere . The conflicts included the Korean War in the beginnings of the decade and the beginning of the Space Race with the launch of Sputnik 1 . Along with increased testing of nuclear weapons ( such as RDS-37 and Upshot -- Knothole ) , this created a politically conservative climate . In the United States , the Second Red Scare caused Congressional hearings by both houses in Congress and anti-communism was the prevailing sentiment in the United States throughout the decade . The beginning of decolonization in Africa and Asia took place in this decade and accelerated in the following decade .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ccb170288eb73f1282f93e39a893915", "text": "China–Vietnam relations The bilateral relations between the People 's Republic of China and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam ( 中越关系 , Quan hệ Trung Quốc -- Việt Nam ) have been turbulent , despite their common socialist background . Centuries of conquest by modern China 's imperial predecessor have given Vietnam an entrenched suspicion of Chinese attempts to dominate it . Though the PRC assisted North Vietnam during the Vietnam War , relations between the two nations soured following Vietnam 's reunification in 1975 . China and Vietnam fought a prolonged border war from 1979 to 1990 , but have since worked to improve their diplomatic and economic ties . However , the two countries remain in dispute over territorial issues in the South China Sea . A 2014 survey conducted by the Pew Research Center showed 84 % of Vietnamese were concerned that territorial disputes between China and neighbouring countries could lead to a military conflict . Once , Vietnam had a territorial control even to the territory of modern-day Guangxi and Guangdong , due to historical wars with China , the border between China and Vietnam has been defined like today .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "229b917d44e55e16bb8e3745b6f0d5cc", "text": "Tĩnh Hải quân Tĩnh Hải quân or the Jinghai regiments ( Chinese : 靜海軍 , pinyin : Jìnghǎi-jūn ) was the name of Viet Nam from 866 to 968 . It was the reconstituted Chinese military protectorate of Annam in northern Vietnam during the Third Chinese domination of Vietnam . The area of the commandery is sometimes referred to as `` Circuit '' ( 道 dao ) in Jinghai the term Jinghai-jun was used . This was the fifth section of the third domination commencing with Giao Châu ( or Jiaozhou , 602 -- 679 ) , then An Nam ( or Annam , 679 -- 757 ) , Trấn Nam ( 757 -- 766 ) , An Nam again ( 766 -- 866 ) and then Tĩnh Hải quân ( or Jinghai-jun , 866 -- 967 ) . During the period until 939 , Vietnam was governed by jiedushi , including finally the three generations of the Khuc family who briefly asserted autonomy from China . With the proclamation of independence by Ngo Quyen , this name was retain throughout the Ngo Dynasty and the Anarchy of the 12 Warlords . In 968 , Dinh Bo Linh vanquished the warlords and renamed the country as Đại Cồ Việt .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "315b7e3bc8daf8d7b0962391e55bee57", "text": "New wars New wars is a term advanced by British academic Mary Kaldor to characterize warfare in the post-Cold War era . This form of warfare is characterized by : violence between varying combinations of state and non-state networks fighting in the name of identity politics as opposed to ideology attempts to achieve political , rather than physical , control of the population through fear and terror conflict financed not necessarily through the state , but through other predatory means that seek the continuation of violence Other terms used for the concept include `` wars among the people '' , `` wars of the third kind '' , `` hybrid wars '' , `` privatized wars '' , and `` post-modern wars '' . The new wars thesis has been adopted and adapted by other authors , as well as critiqued from various perspectives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f18ee042cec16e1e356df6b65f6f5f81", "text": "History of the Loss of Vietnam History of the Loss of Vietnam ( , Việt Nam vong quốc sử ) was a Chinese-language book written by Phan Bội Châu , the leading Vietnamese anti-colonial revolutionary of the early 20th century , in 1905 while he was in Japan . It was published by Liang Chi Chao , a leading Chinese nationalist revolutionary scholar then in Japan , who assisted Chau during his time attempting to drum up support for Vietnamese independence in China . The book was intended for distribution mainly in China and abroad , but also for smuggling into Vietnam to rally people to the cause of Vietnamese independence . The book helped popularize the word `` Vietnam . '' At the time , the country was generally called `` Annam . '' The book negatively assessed the response of the Nguyen dynasty in the 19th century to the colonial challenges facing Vietnam and the failure to modernise , with the Nguyễn instead turning to ultra-orthodox conservative Confucianism . The book presents strident and emotive memorials to the key figures of the Cần Vương ( Protect the King ) movement of the late 1880s and early 1890s , led by mandarins such as Tôn Thất Thuyết and Phan Dinh Phung , who led guerrillas against the French . The Cần Vương attempted to overthrow the French rule and establish the boy emperor Hàm Nghi as ruler of an independent Vietnam . History analyzed French social and economic policies in Vietnam , which it regards as oppression . In the book , Chau argues for the establishment of a nationwide pro-independence front with seven factions or interested groups with a specific motivation to fight the French colonial authorities . The book was written in a style that differed from the prevailing writing technique and structure of the scholar gentry of the time . Chau eschewed this traditional style to write in a direct , ordinary prose style , especially in his analytical and argumentative sections . The book was distributed in China at least five times , and the first two printings were incorporated into Liang 's periodical magazine Hsin-min ts ` ung-pao . The book was accompanied by a foreword by Liang , which was used to draw similarities between the situation facing Vietnam and China with respect to foreign domination . The book created a reaction in China , sparking follow-up essays by Chinese writers who were taken aback by the Chau 's description of the life that faced Vietnamese people under French rule . It generated gloomy pieces by Chinese writers who predicted that their nation would suffer a similar fate if they failed to modernise . One such Chinese response later became a teaching text at the Tonkin Free School in Hanoi , a school run by Chau 's contemporaries to promote the independence movement . However , Chau did not receive much of a reaction in terms of aid towards his independence efforts , since the book mainly had the effect of worrying Chinese about their own future . History had a much better reception among readers in Vietnam . Chau left Japan for the first time in August 1905 , carrying fifty copies of the book that were distributed throughout Vietnam , of which further copies were made inside the country .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72629686a09c3e738a831ef13e39956a", "text": "Un-American Un-American is a pejorative term of U.S. political discourse which is applied to ideas , people or institutions in the United States seen as deviating from what are widely perceived to be fundamental American cultural and political values . The most famous use is in the title of the House Un-American Activities Committee which was started to investigate alleged disloyalty and subversive activities on the part of private citizens , public employees , and those organizations suspected of having Communist ties . By 1959 , former President Harry S. Truman had denounced the Committee as the `` most un-American thing in the country today '' . The Committee lost considerable prestige as the 1960s progressed , and it was abolished by the House of Representatives in 1975 . The use and meaning of the term is by no means uniform in the US . Due in part to these historical associations with political abuses and jingoism , the attitudes of Americans toward the pejorative use of `` Un-American '' are often critical or suspicious . Moreover , Americans may vary widely in what they believe to be un-American .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ede30d1efb8d0919e7f86eac899f8ae", "text": "Vietnam Veterans of America Vietnam Veterans of America , Inc. ( VVA ) is a national non-profit corporation founded in 1978 in the United States that is committed to serving the needs of all veterans . It is funded without any contribution from any branch of government . VVA is the only such organization chartered by the United States Congress and dedicated to Vietnam veterans and their families . The group holds a congressional charter under Title 36 of the United States Code . Its founding principle is `` Never again will one generation of veterans abandon another . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7348b10a2a046a6b19c164a79d5639a", "text": "Swift Vets and POWs for Truth Swift Vets and POWs for Truth , formerly known as the Swift Boat Veterans for Truth ( SBVT ) , was a political group ( 527 group ) of United States Swift boat veterans and former prisoners of war of the Vietnam War , formed during the 2004 presidential election campaign for the purpose of opposing John Kerry 's candidacy for the presidency . The campaign inspired the widely used political pejorative `` swiftboating '' , to describe an unfair or untrue political attack . The group disbanded and ceased operations on May 31 , 2008 . SBVT asserted that Kerry was `` unfit to serve '' as President based upon his alleged `` willful distortion of the conduct '' of American servicemen during that war , and his alleged `` withholding and/or distortion of material facts '' as to his own conduct during that war . SBVT stated that `` Kerry 's phony war crimes charges , his exaggerated claims about his own service in Vietnam , and his deliberate misrepresentation of the nature and effectiveness of Swift boat operations compel us to step forward . '' The group challenged the legitimacy of each of the combat medals awarded to Kerry by the U.S. Navy and the disposition of his discharge . ( See John Kerry military service controversy . ) Further , SBVT said that Kerry 's later criticism of the war was a `` betrayal of trust '' with other soldiers , and that by his activism he had caused direct `` harm '' to soldiers still at war . These claims caused tremendous controversy during the election , particularly because most of the organization 's members had not been in a place to assess Kerry , while most of the Vietnam veterans who had served with him supported Kerry 's version of events . Registered under Section 527 of the Internal Revenue Code , SBVT publicized its criticisms of Kerry during the election campaign in a book , in television advertisements that the group ran in swing states and in the media coverage some members received . The group was the subject of several complaints to the Federal Election Commission ( FEC ) . After the election , the group was credited by media and praised by conservatives as contributing to Kerry 's defeat . The group 's tactics are considered an example of a successful political smear campaign for its widely publicized and later discredited claims .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02041f749a763ce546e60b0cfb79dce2", "text": "Battle of Dak To The Battle of Đắk Tô was a series of major engagements of the Vietnam War that took place between November 3 to 23 , 1967 , in Kon Tum Province , in the Central Highlands of the Republic of Vietnam ( South Vietnam ) . The action at Đắk Tô was one of a series of People 's Army of Vietnam ( PAVN ) offensive initiatives that began during the second half of the year . North Vietnamese attacks at Lộc Ninh ( in Bình Long Province ) , Song Be ( in Phước Long Province ) , and at Con Thien and Khe Sanh , ( in Quảng Trị Province ) , were other actions which , combined with Đắk Tô , became known as `` the border battles . '' The objective of the PAVN forces was to distract American and South Vietnamese forces away from cities towards the borders in preparation for the Tet Offensive . During the summer of 1967 , heavy contact with PAVN forces in the area prompted the launching of Operation Greeley , a combined search and destroy effort by elements of the U.S. Army 's 4th Infantry Division and 173rd Airborne Brigade , along with the Army of the Republic of Vietnam 's 42nd Infantry Regiment and Airborne units . The fighting was intense and lasted into the fall , when the North Vietnamese seemingly withdrew . By late October , however , U.S. intelligence indicated that local communist units had been reinforced and combined into the 1st PAVN Division , which was tasked with the capture of Đắk Tô and the destruction of a brigade-size U.S. unit . Information provided by a PAVN defector provided the allies a good indication of the locations of North Vietnamese forces . This intelligence prompted the launching of Operation MacArthur , and brought the units back to the area along with more reinforcements from the ARVN Airborne Division . The battles that erupted on the hill masses south and southeast of Đắk Tô became some of the hardest-fought and bloodiest battles of the Vietnam War .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7033c64f2ec70c8b880ba9f57f68bf6e", "text": "Ho Chi Minh trail The Hồ Chí Minh trail ( also known in Vietnam as the `` Trường Sơn trail '' ) was a logistical system that ran from the Democratic Republic of Vietnam ( North Vietnam ) to the Republic of Vietnam ( South Vietnam ) through the kingdoms of Laos and Cambodia . The system provided support , in the form of manpower and materiel , to the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam ( called the Vietcong or `` VC '' by its opponents ) and the People 's Army of Vietnam ( PAVN ) , or North Vietnamese Army , during the Vietnam War . It was named by the Americans after North Vietnamese president Hồ Chí Minh . Although the trail was mostly in Laos , the communists called it the Trường Sơn Strategic Supply Route ( Đường Trường Sơn ) , after the Vietnamese name for the Annamite Range mountains in central Vietnam . According to the United States National Security Agency 's official history of the war , the Trail system was `` one of the great achievements of military engineering of the 20th century . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b05834b470f99a49e0742572a9cf2d3", "text": "Deterring Democracy Deterring Democracy is a book published in 1991 by Noam Chomsky , which explores the differences between the humanitarian rhetoric and imperialistic reality of United States foreign policy and how it affects various countries around the world . In the book , Chomsky explores the idea that the US is the only remaining world superpower that works to maintain its dominance , even ruthlessly employing violence such as outright invasions and overthrowing governments pursuing independent economic policies . He also discusses the large difference between public opinion on the Cold War , establishment American educated opinion and reality . The book also contains criticism aimed at the Soviet Union and other communist states , but its major point centres on the fact that although the United States claimed to support freedom in the Cold War , it still supported authoritarian regimes . The conclusion that Chomsky comes to is that , despite U.S claims of supporting freedom , their actual aim was maintaining dominance over resources and geopolitical power .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e046caa9787d215cd9d280f147b38ef6", "text": "General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam The General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam ( Tổng Bí thư Ban Chấp hành Trung ương Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam ) , known as First Secretary ( Bí thư Thứ nhất ) from 1951 to 1976 , is the highest office within the Communist Party of Vietnam . The General Secretaryship was the second-highest office within the party when Hô Chí Minh was Chairman , a post which existed from 1951 to 1969 . The general secretary is also the Secretary of the Central Military Commission , the leading Party organ on military affairs . For a period in its history , the position of general secretary has been synonymous with leader of Vietnam . The current general secretary is Nguyễn Phú Trọng , and he is ranked first in the Political Bureau . Trần Phú , one of the founding members of the Indochinese Communist Party , was the party 's first general secretary . A year after being elected , he was sentenced to prison by the French authorities because of anti-French activities . He died in prison the same year . Trần 's de facto successor was Lê Hồng Phong who led the party through the office of General Secretary of the Overseas Executive Committee ( OEC ) . The OEC general secretary led the party because the Central Committee had been all but annihilated . Hà Huy Tập , the third general secretary , was removed from his post in March 1938 , and was arrested by the authorities in May . Nguyễn Văn Cừ , the fourth general secretary , was arrested by the authorities in June 1940 , and executed by shooting on 25 May 1941 . He was succeeded by Trường Chinh in May 1941 . An article in Nhân Dân on 25 March 1951 described Trường 's role as the `` builder and commander '' of the revolution , while Hô Chí Minh was referred to as `` the soul of the Vietnamese revolution and the VIetnamese resistance '' . Trường was demoted as First Secretary in 1956 because of his role in the `` bloody Land Reform campaign '' . Hô took over the office of First Secretary , but quickly appointed Lê Duẩn acting First Secretary . Lê was elected general secretary in 1960 , and was the second only to Hô until the latter 's death on 2 September 1969 . From 2 September 1969 until his death on 10 July 1986 , Lê was the undisputed leader of Vietnam . He died two months before the next National Party Congress , and was succeeded by Trường , the former general secretary who had served as the second-most powerful politician in Vietnam since Hô 's death . Trường was demoted from his post at the 6th National Party Congress , and was succeeded by Nguyễn Văn Linh . The Western press called Linh `` Vietnam 's Gorbachev '' because of his reformist policies . Linh resigned because of bad health in 1991 , and Đỗ Mười was appointed to the general secretaryship by the 7th National Congress . Mười ruled until 1997 , when he was ousted from power by the reformist-wing of the party . Lê Khả Phiêu was Mười 's successor , and he was elected as a compromise candidate . Phiêu was ousted in 2001 , before the 10th National Party Congress , when the Central Committee overturned a decision of the Politburo ; a majority in the Central Committee voted to remove Phiêu as general secretary . Nông Đức Mạnh succeeded Phiêu , and Manh came to be considered a moderniser . Manh was also the first general secretary with a university degree . Manh retired in 2011 , and Nguyễn Phú Trọng succeeded him , and he now is considered the most powerful political figure in Vietnam . The General Secretary presides over the work of the Central Committee , the Political Bureau , the Secretariat , and chairs meetings with key leaders ( Working Regulation of the Central Committee , 2011 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8380fa71bb0b364b6d843878cd0e3ccd", "text": "Dirty War (Mexico) The Dirty War ( Guerra Sucia ) refers to the Mexican theater of the Cold War , an internal conflict between the Mexican PRI-ruled government , backed by the US , and left-wing student and guerrilla groups in the 1960s and 1970s under the presidencies of Luis Echeverría and José López Portillo . During the war , government forces carried out disappearances , estimated at 1,200 , systematic torture , and `` probable extrajudicial executions '' . In Mexico the dirty war is a subject little known by the bulk of the population , this because the PRI has hidden or eliminated the information and was not written in the history books . The judicial investigation into State crimes against political movements was opened only until Vicente Fox 's term ( 2000-2006 ) , which created the Special Prosecutor 's Office for Social and Political Movements of the Past ( FEMOSPP ) . However , despite the fact that it has advanced in the knowledge of the historical facts , the FEMOSPP has not been able to arrive at finalize concrete legal responsibilities against which they have been indicated like main people in charge of the dirty war .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6deec7b2119d488983ec4d17a20ad5d5", "text": "Ba Cụt Lê Quang Vinh ( 1923 -- 13 July 1956 ) , popularly known as Ba Cụt ( -LSB- ɓāː kût -RSB- ) was a military commander of the Hòa Hảo religious sect , which operated from the Mekong Delta and controlled various parts of southern Vietnam during the 1940s and early 1950s . Ba Cụt and his forces fought the Vietnamese National Army ( VNA ) , the Việt Minh , and the Cao Đài religious movement from 1943 until his capture in 1956 . Known for his idiosyncrasies , he was regarded as an erratic and cruel leader who fought with little ideological purpose . His sobriquet came from the self-amputation of his left index finger ( although it was erroneously reported that it was his middle or `` third cut finger '' ) . He later swore not to cut his hair until the communist Việt Minh were defeated . Ba Cụt frequently made alliances with various Vietnamese factions and the French . He invariably accepted the material support offered in return for his cooperation , and then broke the agreement -- nevertheless , the French made deals with him on five occasions . The French position was weak because their military forces had been depleted by World War II , and they had great difficulty in re-establishing control over French Indochina , which had been left with a power vacuum after the defeat of Japan . In mid-1955 , the tide turned against the various sects , as Prime Minister Ngô Đình Diệm of the State of Vietnam and his VNA began to consolidate their grip on the south . Ba Cụt and his allies were driven into the jungle , and their position was threatened by government offensives . After almost a year of fighting , Ba Cụt was captured . He was sentenced to death and publicly beheaded in Cần Thơ .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "fdc49377041cb0e517a8d36f93a5e5bd", "text": "Dwyane Wade Dwyane Tyrone Wade Jr. ( -LSB- dweɪn -RSB- ; born January 17 , 1982 ) is an American professional basketball player for the Chicago Bulls of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . He has established himself as one of the most well-known and popular players in the league . Wade had the top-selling jersey in the NBA for nearly two years , leading the league in jersey sales from the 2005 NBA Playoffs , until the midpoint of the 2006 -- 07 season . After a successful college career at Marquette , Wade was drafted fifth overall in the 2003 NBA draft by the Miami Heat . He was named to the All-Rookie team and the All-Star team the following twelve seasons . In his third season , Wade led the Heat to their first NBA championship in franchise history and was named the 2006 NBA Finals MVP . At the 2008 Summer Olympics , Wade led the United States men 's basketball team , commonly known as the `` Redeem Team '' , in scoring , and helped them capture gold medal honors in Beijing , China . In the 2008 -- 09 season , Wade led the league in scoring and earned his first NBA scoring title . With LeBron James and Chris Bosh , Wade guided Miami to four consecutive NBA Finals from 2011 to 2014 , winning back-to-back championships in 2012 and 2013 . In 2016 , Wade departed the Heat in free agency to play for the Chicago Bulls .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a9bdb0d54d73e3ced82b49ab59d691c5", "text": "NBA Live 96 NBA Live 96 is the second installment of the NBA Live video games series . The PC and PlayStation covers features Shaquille O'Neal of the Orlando Magic , while the Super Nintendo Entertainment System and Sega Genesis box covers show a photo of the tip-off to Game 1 of the 1995 NBA Finals . The game was published by EA Sports and released on November 30 , 1995 . The PlayStation and PC versions were the first games in the series to feature a 3D rendered court , allowing for multiple camera angles using EA 's `` Virtual Stadium '' technology ( also used by FIFA Soccer 96 ) . The on-court player graphics remained 2D sprites . It was also the first NBA Live game released for the PlayStation . NBA Live 96 is followed by NBA Live 97 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bcd11ebb3c6d02efd401cbc9d9326b1e", "text": "J. C. Snead Jesse Carlyle `` J. C. '' Snead ( born October 14 , 1940 ) is an American professional golfer who has won numerous tournaments on both the PGA Tour and Champions Tour . Snead is the nephew of the legendary Sam Snead . Snead , who preferred if people called him by his middle name Carlyle , was born in Hot Springs , Virginia . He attended East Tennessee State University in Johnson City , Tennessee , where he was a member of Sigma Phi Epsilon fraternity . He played pro baseball in the Washington Senators farm system before becoming a professional golfer in 1964 . He joined the PGA Tour in 1968 . Snead won eight tournaments on the PGA Tour , four on the Champions Tour , and one in international competition . He was a member of the 1971 , 1973 and 1975 Ryder Cup teams . Snead 's biggest career disappointment is that he never won a major championship on the PGA Tour ; however , Snead made his career mark as one of the tour 's most consistent players with more than 7 million dollars in career earnings . Snead recorded two runner-up finishes in majors . He finished 2nd at 1973 Masters Tournament and in a tie for 2nd at the 1978 U.S. Open . In 2003 , Snead was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame . In his free time Snead enjoys hunting and farming . He has one son , Jason , who was born in 1978 . He currently resides in Hobe Sound , Florida .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd238805e74f5469e408397964033097", "text": "1998–99 Miami Heat season The 1998 -- 99 NBA season was the 11th season for the Miami Heat in the National Basketball Association . During the offseason , the Heat signed free agents Terry Porter and Clarence Weatherspoon . In the shortened NBA season , the Heat won 18 of their first 23 games , despite Jamal Mashburn playing just 24 games due to a knee injury , and Voshon Lenard missing 38 games with a broken leg . Miami finished with a 33 -- 17 win-loss record , which earned them the # 1 seed in the Eastern Conference . Alonzo Mourning was named Defensive Player of the Year , and finished second in MVP voting behind Karl Malone of the Utah Jazz . In the playoffs , the Heat faced the New York Knicks for the third consecutive time . The 8th-seeded Knicks defeated the Heat in the Eastern Conference First round , with Allan Houston of New York hitting a buzzer-beater basket in the winner-take-all Game 5 , which prevailed the Knicks over Miami , 78 -- 77 . This was also their final full season playing at the Miami Arena . Following the season , Porter signed as a free agent with the San Antonio Spurs , and longtime Heat forward Keith Askins retired .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd6b1f9dd2b5b596f60116130a542a82", "text": "Grand Slam Cup The Grand Slam Cup was a tennis tournament held annually at the Olympiahalle in Munich in Germany from 1990 through 1999 . The event was organized by the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) , which invited the best-performing players in the year 's Grand Slam events to compete in the Grand Slam Cup . The tournament was created in 1990 and was played on indoor carpet courts . From 1990 to 1996 , it was held in December but was moved to the middle of autumn from 1997 to 1999 . From 1990 to 1997 the tournament was limited to male players . A women 's Cup was added in 1998 and was held simultaneously with the men 's Cup . Throughout its existence , the Grand Slam Cup was famous for paying out the highest prize money of any tournament in tennis . The winner for the first three years of the Cup received US$ 2 million in prize money , which dipped to $ 1.625 million in 1993 , rose to $ 1.875 million in 1996 and back to $ 2 million in 1997 before falling to $ 1.3 million in 1998 . If the Cup was won by a player who had also won a Grand Slam event that year they received a bonus of $ 1 million . Prize money for the winner of the two women 's Cups was fixed at $ 800,000 . The Cup was not recognized by the Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) for the course of its run , and participants did not receive points in the ATP computer rankings nor have it credited as an official career title . Following the discontinuation of the Cup in 1999 , the ATP decided to give the event full recognition and added it to players ' lists of official titles . A compromise between the ITF and the ATP was announced on December 9 , 1999 which merged the Cup with the ATP Tour World Championship , the ATP 's year-end tournament also held annually in Germany , giving birth to the ATP World Tour Finals , an official tour event . A direct result of the merging of the two competitions can still be seen in the qualification rules for the ATP World Tour Finals , which included one notable difference from those of the ATP Tour World Championship . The Tour World Championship was meant to include the top eight players on the ATP computer rankings at the end of a season , even though this could mean the exclusion of a Grand Slam champion who had not been able to earn sufficient ranking points in the rest of the year . Present Finals rules ensure the participation of a Grand Slam champion who is unable to earn a top eight ranking at the end of the season and automatic qualification for the top seven players in the computer rankings . The eighth ranked player , however , qualifies only if all Grand Slam singles champions are among the top eight . Any Grand Slam event champion who is not in the top eight but is still in the top twenty is included to the detriment of the eighth ranked player . This situation occurred at the 2004 Tennis Masters Cup , where Andre Agassi , the 8th ranked player in the ATP Champions Race , was excluded from the event in favor of Gastón Gaudio , who had won that year 's French Open but was ranked 10th at the end of the year . Pete Sampras was the most successful player at this event winning two titles out of three final appearances .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f3b08aac540fbcfe47b7c5fee3bee9a", "text": "Rod Grizzard Roderick DeWyane Grizzard ( born June 13 , 1980 ) is an American professional basketball player . He played college basketball at the University of Alabama . He was selected in the second round of the 2002 NBA Draft by the Washington Wizards . Although he did not get to play a game in the NBA he has played in the NBA D-League for the Mobile Revelers and Huntsville Flight . Grizzard was part of the training camp of the Detroit Pistons in 2003 , and the training camps of the Washington Wizards and Atlanta Hawks in 2002 . He has played with the Westchester Wildfire in the USBL in the summer of 2003 , averaging 8.6 points and 3.2 rebounds in 13 games , and spent the 2002-03 season with the Mobile Revelers in the NBA D-League . Appeared in 49 games , averaging 5.5 points and 2.6 rebounds . He finished collegiate career as Alabama 's 13th leading scorer of all-time , with 1487 points . Ranks fifth all-time in three-point field goals made and seventh in free throw shooting percentage . He played in 100 career games , starting 94 times . As a junior Grizzard averaged 14.1 points and 6.1 rebounds . Rod Started 34 of 35 games . Ranked in the SEC Top 15 in both scoring ( 15th ) and rebounding ( 14th ) . Scored season-high 33 points against Tennessee in the SEC Tournament quarterfinals on Mar. 8 , shooting 13-for-20 from the field including 6-for-10 from three-point range . Recorded a double-double with 15 points and 13 rebounds to go along with seven assists , two blocked shots , and two steals against Alabama A&M on Dec. 21 . He led his team in scoring and rebounding with 16 points and grabbed 12 rebounds at Georgia on Jan. 16 . He earned Third Team All-SEC , All-SEC Tournament , and AP Honorable Mention All-American honors , and was a Wooden Award finalist . As a sophomore , he averaged 17.0 points and 6.1 rebounds . Started all 36 games . Total point total of 611 ranked seventh-best in school history . Ranked second in the SEC in scoring . Scored 20 or more points 15 times and posted four double-doubles . Made the Puerto Rico Holiday Classic All-Tournament Team by scoring 78 points in three games , including a season-high 29 points against Northern Iowa on Dec. 20 . Tallied 27 points against Mississippi State on Jan. 13 . Notched a 25-point , 11 rebound double-double against Kentucky on Jan. 23 . Was named to the All-SEC First Team . In the 07/08 season in the NBL for the Singapore Slingers is averaging in the top 20 steals in the league , top 20 blocks , top 20 fouls , top 10 defensive rebounds , top 20 total rebounds and is in the top 20 in scoring averaging 19.6 ppg . After the end of 07/08 season in the NBL , he signed for the remainder of the season with Bnei Herzliya in Israel . Rod Grizzard signed with the NBL Melbourne Tigers for the 2008 -- 09 NBL season . After being released by the Tigers in late December , Grizzard was quickly snapped up by the Adelaide 36ers who earlier agreed to let go of star import Julius Hodge after pay disputes . Prior to the 2009/2010 season he signed with Maccabi Rishon LeZion from Israel . After returning to Australia and signing with the Sydney Kings for the 2010 -- 11 NBL season , Grizzard was released from the Kings after starting the season 1-4 . For the 2011 NZL NBL season , Grizzard played for the Nelson Giants .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1b0e0a8427d9810884d1ac269063aa3", "text": "Meshach Wade Meshach Wade ( born 23 January 1973 ) is a retired Bermudian football player .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e12548b275a157cd924cd521e58bc5f", "text": "Slick Watts Donald Earl `` Slick '' Watts ( born July 22 , 1951 ) is an American former basketball player . Watts was not selected by any team in the 1973 NBA draft , but his coach at Xavier University of Louisiana was a cousin of Bill Russell , who was the coach and general manager for the Seattle SuperSonics . Russell gave Watts a tryout , and he signed with the SuperSonics as a free agent . After making the roster for the 1973 -- 74 season as a reserve , he played more frequently the following season and became a starter for the 1975 -- 76 season . That season , he led the NBA in total assists , assists per game , total steals , steals per game , and made NBA All-Defense First-Team . In 1976 , Watts also received the J. Walter Kennedy Citizenship Award for his outstanding service to the community . Watts ' career declined after 1976 , however , and he retired from the league after six seasons . He played 4 1/2 years with the Sonics , half a season with the New Orleans Jazz , and one season with the Houston Rockets . He picked up the nickname `` Slick '' because he was one of the first players to shave his head , unusual at the time . After his playing career , Watts became a physical education teacher at Dearborn Park elementary school and a basketball coach at Franklin High School in the Seattle area and took up tennis . In 2001 , Watts spent 22 days in a hospital with sarcoidosis , which caused his weight to drop by almost 50 pounds before his condition improved . He ended his post-basketball career teaching physical education for nearly 20 years at Martin Luther King , Jr. . Elementary in Seattle before retiring in 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6301cdd8c7f4ab88fd500178f9f5fcbc", "text": "Vaughn Taylor Vaughn Joseph Taylor ( born March 9 , 1976 ) is an American professional golfer who has played on the PGA Tour and Web.com Tour . Born in Roanoke , Virginia , Taylor was raised in Augusta , Georgia , from infancy . After attending Hephzibah High School , he played golf for Augusta State University where he was an honorable mention All-American his senior season . He continues to reside in the Augusta area with his wife , Leot . Taylor turned professional in 1999 . He played his early years on the Hooters and Nationwide Tours , getting valuable experience before playing his first full year with a PGA Tour card in 2004 . He won four times on the NGA Hooters Tour , and once on the Nationwide Tour at the Knoxville Open . Taylor has three victories to his name on the PGA Tour ; his first two victories coming in consecutive years at the Reno-Tahoe Open , an alternate event , in 2004 and 2005 . His victory in 2004 was one of five wins by rookies that year and came after holing an 11-foot birdie on the first extra hole during a four-man sudden-death playoff . He had also previously had to sink a 14-foot birdie putt on the final hole of regulation play to make the cut . In 2005 , he led the event wire-to-wire and held a six-stroke advantage entering the final round , to claim a comfortable victory by three strokes from Jonathan Kaye . After a year that included a career high six top-10 's , Taylor qualified to play on the U.S. Ryder Cup team for the first time in 2006 . He earned a half point for his team with a record of 0 -- 1 -- 1 . Taylor 's highest world ranking was 37th in 2007 and career high in the FedEx Cup placing was 35th in 2010 . Taylor started the 2015-16 season playing on both the PGA Tour and Web.com Tour , having only past champion status on the PGA Tour after finishing 151st in the FedEx Cup , just a fraction of a point from conditional status . He made two starts on the PGA Tour before making two starts on the Web.com Tour , where he missed the cut in Panama and withdrew due to illness in Colombia . In February 2016 , Taylor won the AT&T Pebble Beach Pro-Am , his first PGA Tour win since August 2005 . He started the week as first alternate , only earning entry after Carl Pettersson withdrew , and had not been fully exempt since 2012 . The win was also Taylor 's first at a non-alternate event and moved him from 447th in the world to 100th .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "78a278c05995841a45dc5165150ee47b", "text": "1994 NBA Finals The 1994 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1993 -- 94 National Basketball Association ( NBA ) season , featuring the Western Conference 's Houston Rockets defeating the Eastern Conference 's New York Knicks . This matchup was Hakeem Olajuwon 's second NBA Finals appearance , his other being in 1986 , where Larry Bird and the Boston Celtics defeated the Houston Rockets four games to two . The series was Patrick Ewing 's first NBA Finals appearance . The Rockets came in with strong determination to win not only the franchise 's first NBA championship , but the city 's first championship in a league that still existed , while the Knicks were looking to add a third NBA championship trophy , as the Knicks ' last trophy came from the 1973 NBA Finals . The Knicks also hoped to impress their new owners Viacom , who had just bought Paramount Communications ( formerly Gulf + Western ) , their longtime owners ( after the series however , Viacom sold the Knicks and the rest of the Madison Square Garden properties ) . The series was hailed as a meeting of the two great centers who had previously played for a championship in college . In 1984 while Olajuwon was with the University of Houston and Ewing was with Georgetown University , Georgetown had beaten Houston 84 -- 75 in the 1984 NCAA Championship game . In this series , however , Olajuwon outperformed Ewing , outscoring him in every game of the series and posting numbers of 26.9 ppg on 50.0 % shooting compared to Ewing 's 18.9 ppg on 36.3 % shooting . However , Ewing set an NBA finals record in the series with a total of 30 blocks , and he tied the single-game record of 8 blocks in Game 5 . Tim Duncan would later set the record for most blocks in a Finals series ( 2003 ) with 32 blocks in six games while Dwight Howard would set the record for most blocked shots in a Finals game with 9 blocked shots in Game 4 of the 2009 Finals while with the Orlando Magic . During the series , the Houston Rockets played seven low-scoring , defensive games against the New York Knicks . After splitting the first two games in Houston , the Knicks won two out of three games at Madison Square Garden , which also hosted the Rangers first Stanley Cup celebration in 54 years during the series . In Game 6 , however , Rockets center Hakeem Olajuwon blocked a last-second championship-winning shot attempt by John Starks , giving the Rockets an 86 -- 84 victory and forcing a Game 7 , which made Knicks Coach Pat Riley the first ( and to this date , the only ) coach in a Game 7 NBA Finals on two different teams , having been with the Los Angeles Lakers in and . In addition , the Knicks set a record for most playoff games played in one season , with 25 . The Detroit Pistons tied this record in . The Boston Celtics , coached by Doc Rivers , would surpass it during their championship season of 2008 when they played 26 . The Rockets beat the Knicks in Game 7 , 90 -- 84 , enabling the city of Houston to not only celebrate its first NBA and fifth professional sports championship ( first in an existing league ) , but also deny New York from having both NBA and NHL championships in the same year ( Chicago had suffered this fate in 1992 , with the Bulls winning their second NBA championship and the Blackhawks losing in the Stanley Cup Finals ) . For his efforts Olajuwon was named NBA Finals Most Valuable Player . For the Knicks , Riley had the unfortunate distinction of having become the first ( and to this date , the only ) coach to lose a Game 7 NBA Finals on two different teams , having lost to the Celtics in 1984 . It also denied him the distinction of being the first coach to win a Game 7 NBA Finals with two different teams , having defeated the Detroit Pistons in 1988 . NBC Sports used Ahmad Rashād ( Knicks sideline ) and Hannah Storm ( Rockets sideline ) . Hal Douglas narrated the season-ending documentary Clutch City for NBA Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ca43bc4366e790768e296584b0ce06d", "text": "BMW PGA Championship The BMW PGA Championship , as it is currently known for sponsorship reasons , is an annual men 's professional golf tournament on the European Tour . It was founded in 1955 by the Professional Golfers ' Association , and as such was originally called the British PGA Championship . Since then it has had several sponsored names , but the phrase `` PGA Championship '' has usually been included in the name . The BMW PGA Championship is played each May over the West Course at the Wentworth Club in Surrey , England . The PGA European Tour has its headquarters at the club and as the tour 's home tournament , the BMW PGA Championship is often regarded as the flagship event on the European Tour . It has usually had the highest prize money of any event which the tour organises , but this changed in 2009 with the introduction of the Race to Dubai , and the $ 10 million Dubai World Championship at the end of the season . There are other more lucrative events than the BMW PGA Championship which are part of the European Tour schedule , such as the majors and the World Golf Championship events , but these are organised by other bodies . It is also the European Tour 's designated `` Premier event '' for the purposes of the Official World Golf Rankings , with a minimum of 64 ranking points available to the winner . The winner of the tournament is given an exemption into that season 's U.S. Open and the next three Open Championships . In 2000 , Colin Montgomerie became the only player to win three years in a row .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be8580c461dcdf329c74bd319e903ef5", "text": "Tiger Woods PGA Tour 06 Tiger Woods PGA Tour 06 is a golf video game in the PGA Tour series available for PlayStation Portable , PlayStation 2 , Xbox , Xbox 360 , GameCube , Mobile phones , and PC . The game features several types of play , including the development of golfers in a simulated PGA Tour environment . Among other things , the game also features a set of famous courses and players . Also it includes the Stroke Play , Match Play , and Skins Play among other numerous methods of play . It also includes the Four Ball , Best Ball , and Stableford modes of play . By being able to customize golfers and advancing that character through several stages ( from amateur to pro ) the game allows a high level of identification with the character . The virtual ego can be equipped with various pieces of equipment and styled according to the wishes of the player . The custom outfits are licensed and include several brands which are commonly present in professional golf , among others : Nike , Adidas , Callaway , Ping , Taylormade etc. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "95cf4cbd27cfd5005ff2e44a15073d99", "text": "North Carolina Open The North Carolina Open is the North Carolina state open golf tournament , open to both amateurs and PGA professionals . It is organized by the Carolinas section of the PGA of America , and both state opens run by the Carolinas section , the North Carolina Open and the South Carolina Open , are the only ones in the United States that prohibit non-PGA professionals from competing . It has been played annually since 1965 at a variety of courses around the state .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f91a9deb031b34b3fd4b4dbe235b492", "text": "1994–95 Cleveland Cavaliers season The 1994 -- 95 NBA season was the 25th season of the National Basketball Association for the franchise based in Cleveland , Ohio . This was also the team 's first season playing at the Gund Arena . During the offseason , the Cavaliers signed unrestricted free agent Michael Cage . Despite losing Brad Daugherty and Gerald Wilkins for the entire season , and Mark Price for 34 games due to injuries , the Cavaliers posted an 11-game winning streak in December which led them to a 20 -- 8 start . However , they played below .500 for the remainder of the season , finishing 4th in the Central Division with a 43 -- 39 record . Tyrone Hill was the team 's leading rebounder and was selected for the 1995 NBA All-Star Game . However , the Cavaliers would lose to the New York Knicks 3 -- 1 in the first round of the playoffs . Following the season , Price was traded to the Washington Bullets , Hot Rod Williams was dealt to the Phoenix Suns , and Wilkins left in the 1995 NBA Expansion Draft . For the season the team added black , light blue and orange to their color scheme , as well as new uniforms and a logo , which would remain in use until 2003 . Although , the uniforms were slightly changed in 1997 . Key Dates :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a2489f450d92930a1bd1a90c51f9ecc", "text": "NCAA Women's Division II Tennis Championship The NCAA Division II Women 's Tennis Championship is the National Collegiate Athletic Association 's tennis tournament to determine the Team Championships , Singles Championships , and Doubles Championships for women 's tennis athletes from Division II institutions . Tennis was one of twelve women 's sports added to the NCAA championship program for the 1981-82 school year , as the NCAA engaged in battle with the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women for sole governance of women 's collegiate sports . The AIAW continued to conduct its established championship program in the same twelve ( and other ) sports ; however , after a year of dual women 's championships , the NCAA conquered the AIAW and usurped its authority and membership . From its establishment in 1982 until 1994 , the championship consisted of three championships : singles , doubles , and team . However , the singles and doubles titles were discontinued after 1994 and have not been reestablished . Armstrong State is the most successful program , with eight national titles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b7f28d73de0d54669e37d78c5acd52cf", "text": "1987 PGA Championship The 1987 PGA Championship was the 69th PGA Championship , held August 6 -- 9 at the Champion Course of PGA National Golf Club in Palm Beach Gardens , Florida . In hot and windy conditions , Larry Nelson won his second PGA Championship in a sudden-death playoff over 1977 champion Lanny Wadkins . It was Nelson 's third and final major title . D.A. Weibring , a 54-hole co-leader , shot 76 ( +4 ) and finished a stroke back at even-par 288 . The other co-leader , Mark McCumber , posted 77 and finished in a tie for fifth . Two major champions in contention shot high scores and fell back : Seve Ballesteros ( 78 ) and Raymond Floyd ( 80 ) . In the August heat of Florida , the attendance was low . A record high temperature for the day of 97 F was recorded on Sunday . It was the second major played in Florida , following the PGA Championship in 1971 , played in February at the old PGA National . Through 2016 , this is the last major played in the state . The purse was the last under $ 1 million at the PGA Championship . With the win , Nelson gained an automatic bid to the Ryder Cup team in 1987 , his third , bumping Don Pooley . Nelson 's record in that competition in late September was 0 -- 3 -- 1 , as the U.S. lost the Cup for the first time on home soil . He lost all three pairs matches and halved his singles match . The Champion Course hosted the Ryder Cup in 1983 and the Senior PGA Championship for 19 years ( 1982 -- 2000 ) . Since 2007 , it has been the venue of The Honda Classic on the PGA Tour , played in March .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd90b0a1eff5d739cfbf5b1d8c640032", "text": "2006–07 Miami Heat season The 2006 -- 07 Miami Heat season was the 19th season of the Miami Heat in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . Despite injuries to several players , including Dwyane Wade , the Heat repeated as Southeast division champions . With a record of 44 -- 38 , it was clear that the Heat was not the same team of years past . The Heat ended the season with a four-game playoff sweep to the Chicago Bulls in the first round . Following the season , Gary Payton retired .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "78cb1b6aa3cbed6b21679139f25d2185", "text": "Valley National 8-Ball League Association The Valley National 8-Ball League Association ( VNEA ) is one of the world 's largest amateur pool ( pocket billiards ) leagues . , there are nearly 100,000 individual members in some 1,400 weekly local leagues playing in over 10,000 pool halls , bars and other venues in around 400 different cities , towns and suburbs in 36 U.S. states , and abroad . The organization was founded in the United States in 1979 by equipment manufacturer Valley-Dynamo as the Valley 8-Ball League Association . It was later known as the Valley National 8-Ball Association , a name the league still uses sometimes ( and , the organization still retains the `` VNEA '' acronym in prose and in its logo ) . Despite its name , it is neither national , having leagues in eleven countries , nor limited to the game of eight-ball , as team nine-ball , as well as individual artistic pool and speed pool , are all now VNEA disciplines ( some on a league basis , some only on a tournament basis ) . An annual , week-long VNEA International Pool Championships series ( team , doubles and singles eight-ball , singles artistic pool ) is held in Las Vegas , Nevada . The organization is headquartered in Bay City , Michigan . The president of VNEA 's board of directors is Michael Fowler and its executive director is R. Gregg Elliott .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c4c79f0001780d916311ef549c95b50", "text": "Wallace Wade William Wallace Wade ( June 15 , 1892 -- October 7 , 1986 ) was an American football player and coach of football , basketball , and baseball . He served as the head football coach at the University of Alabama from 1923 to 1930 and at Duke University from 1931 to 1941 and again from 1946 to 1950 , compiling a career college football record of 171 -- 49 -- 10 . His tenure at Duke was interrupted by military service during World War II . Wade 's Alabama Crimson Tide football teams of 1925 , 1926 , and 1930 have been recognized as national champions , while his 1938 Duke team had an unscored upon regular season , giving up its only points in the final minute of the 1939 Rose Bowl . Wade won a total of ten Southern Conference football titles , four with Alabama and six with the Duke Blue Devils . He coached in five Rose Bowls including the 1942 game , which was relocated from Pasadena , California to Durham , North Carolina after the attack on Pearl Harbor . Wade served as the head basketball and baseball coach at Vanderbilt University for two seasons ( 1921 -- 1923 ) , tallying a mark of 24 -- 16 , while he was an assistant football coach there . He was also the head baseball coach at Vanderbilt from 1922 to 1923 and at Alabama from 1924 to 1927 , amassing a career college baseball record of 87 -- 45 -- 2 . Wade played football at Brown University . After retiring from coaching , Wade served as the commissioner of the Southern Conference from 1951 to 1960 . He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1955 . Duke 's football stadium was renamed in his honor as Wallace Wade Stadium in 1967 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b14b2920e4401c45831c189eb90b67a9", "text": "Daily fantasy sports Daily fantasy sports ( DFS ) are a subset of fantasy sport games . As with traditional fantasy sports games , players compete against others by building a team of professional athletes from a particular league or competition while remaining under a salary cap , and earn points based on the actual statistical performance of the players in real-world competitions . Daily fantasy sports are an accelerated variant of traditional fantasy sports that are conducted over short-term periods , such as a week or single day of competition , as opposed to those that are played across an entire season . Daily fantasy sports are typically structured in the form of paid competitions typically referred to as a `` contest '' ; winners receive a share of a pre-determined pot funded by their entry fees . A portion of entry fee payments go to the provider as rake revenue . In the United States , the daily fantasy sports industry is dominated by two competing services : the New York-based FanDuel , and the Boston-based DraftKings . Both companies were established as venture capital-backed startup companies , received funding from investment firms , sports broadcasters , leagues , and team owners , and became known for the aggressive marketing of their services . As of September 2015 , both companies have an estimated value of at least $ 1 billion , and control 95 % of the U.S. DFS market . The two primarily compete against smaller DFS services , such as Fantasy Aces and Yahoo! Sports . The popularity of the daily fantasy format has been credited to its convenience in comparison to season-length games , as well as the focus on major cash prizes in the promotion of these services . Daily fantasy has also been credited with helping to improve television viewership and engagement with sports . Daily fantasy sports have faced notable legal challenges , including disputes over whether DFS constitutes gambling . Politicians and other critics have argued that due to their format , players are essentially making proposition wagers on the varying performance of individual athletes in specific games , and not managing the performance of their selections on a week-to-week basis . Proponents have defended DFS as being a game of skill , as the required familiarity with the players and teams , as well as salary cap management , rewards skilled players . Local laws have varying definitions of gambling games , such as whether a game 's elements of chance are predominant over those or skill , or how much control the player has over the outcome of the game . In the United States , the legality of DFS has been determined on a state-by-state basis based on local gambling laws and other rulings . The federal Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act ( UIEGA ) contains language dictating that fantasy sports are not considered an unlawful wager under the act ; however , the act only prohibits the electronic transfer of funds from unlawful gambling as defined under state laws . A number of state attorneys general have issued opinions concluding that DFS is a form of illegal gambling , while the state of Nevada declared that DFS games must be licensed as a sports pool . The New York State ruling , which resulted from an investigation of DFS services after it was alleged that employees working for DraftKings and FanDuel had used inside information to win cash prizes from each other , spawned retaliatory lawsuits from the companies which alleged that the rulings were the result of a misinterpretation of the nature of their services . The state has since joined other states , such as Massachusetts and Virginia , in choosing to legalize and regulate DFS rather than prohibit it .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d68b297e3dc06cdb27b2649771c2052", "text": "Lorrenzo Wade Lorrenzo Wade ( born November 23 , 1985 ) is an American professional basketball player who last played for the Delaware 87ers of the NBA Development League . He is former collegiate basketball player for the Louisville Cardinals and San Diego State Aztecs basketball teams .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "2ee231f152c6b811dc8ca3c9ddb2cd9a", "text": "Warm Leatherette (album) Warm Leatherette is the fourth studio album by Grace Jones , released on 9 May 1980 by Island Records . The album features contributions from the reggae production duo Sly and Robbie and is a departure from Jones ' earlier disco sound , moving towards a new wave-reggae direction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32900285a272a4530bf01410c0049253", "text": "Island Records Island Records is a British-American record label that operates as a division of Universal Music Group ( UMG ) . It was founded by Chris Blackwell , Graeme Goodall and Leslie Kong in Jamaica in 1959 . Blackwell sold the label to PolyGram in 1989 . Both Island and another label recently acquired by PolyGram , A&M Records , were both at the time the largest independent record labels in history , with Island in particular having exerted a major influence on the progressive UK music scene in the early 1970s . Three Island labels exist in the world : Island UK , Island US , and Island Australia , with the main label operating out of London . Notable artists on the UK roster include Ariana Grande , U2 , Mumford & Sons , Amy Winehouse , Ben Howard , Florence + The Machine , John Newman , Hozier , Catfish and the Bottlemen , Disclosure , AlunaGeorge , Keane , James Morrison , Annie Lennox , That Poppy and PJ Harvey . Current key people of Island Records include Island president Darcus Beese , OBE and MD Jon Turner . Partially due to the label 's significant legacy , Island remains one of UMG 's pre-eminent record labels . In a 50-year anniversary documentary , Island Records artist Melissa Etheridge stated : `` If you want to look at world music , music of the last fifty years that changed the world , you need look no further than Island Records . ''", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c34375ed749bac269b53d09b10da4137", "text": "Sterile Records The Sterile Records record label was formed in London in 1979 by Nigel Ayers and Caroline K of the post-industrial music group Nocturnal Emissions . With a background in the mail art networks , their intention was to create and promote a new form of music . Sterile Records ' approach was a combination of the experiments of musique concrète and Fluxus combined with the critical eye of conceptual art and the spontaneity and energy of punk rock . The dark humour of industrial music and the incomprehensible nonsense of various ultra-leftist political fractions were an essential part of the mix . Sterile Records used both commercial and non-commercial media to deliver anti-capitalist messages , multi-coloured noise and information overload . Growing from cassette culture , output included records and videotapes . Caroline K left the label in 1983 . The October 2011 edition of Record Collector magazine published an article about the significance of cassette culture in the UK and listing 21 rare but sought after cassette releases , including `` Standard Response '' . In 1986 the label was effectively dissolved as Ayers turned his attention to setting up the Earthly Delights company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4cbaedbdd8e06dea425a9f054304ad2", "text": "Constantinople Records Constantinople Records is an upstart record label created by Billy Corgan of The Smashing Pumpkins . Little is known about the label and no official website or company exists . The US Patent Office 's website listed the label as being trademarked by Corgan . When word of the label was made public , a domain name was registered but no website ever appeared . After one year the URL had expired . The label was ultimately created to only release the album by The Smashing Pumpkins : `` Machina II/The Friends & Enemies of Modern Music '' and the EPs that were associated with it , because Corgan 's relationship with Virgin Records had deteriorated . Virgin had refused to release Machina and Machina II as a double album , and when Machina sold poorly , refused entirely to release the sequel . Since the band was breaking up at the time , Corgan decided to release Machina II for free download on the internet . Only twenty-five vinyl copies were pressed , and were shipped via FedEx to several prominent fans in the online community , with instructions to immediately redistribute it on the Internet free of charge .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae9b717cbcca47009b29f0ea7c5dd636", "text": "Perfecto Records Perfecto Records is a United Kingdom-based trance record label , founded by Paul Oakenfold in 1989 . Perfecto was also a remix team consisting of Paul Oakenfold and Steve Osborne in its later years Steve was replaced with Andy Gray . Perfecto Records have provided remixes for U2 , Moby , New Order , Rolling Stones and more .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58c133b3e2e13afc3ab1422a71971f49", "text": "Taraneh Records Taraneh Records is a record label based in Reseda , California . The label focuses on Iranian music . Taraneh Enterprises , Inc. ( dba : Taraneh Records ) is a major manufacturer and distributor of Persian Media ( DVD , CD , VHS ) in the United States . Taraneh Enterprises , Inc. has a large selection of old and new Iranian music CDs and movies on DVDs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6bff4b10896579314ca841fc88185fd", "text": "Axtone Records Axtone Records is a Swedish record label , founded in 2005 by Swedish DJ and record producer Axwell . It originally began in 2005 as an imprint to release Axwell 's own material , however in recent years has expanded and signed many producers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1a6570184c718ea0b85035694d5202e", "text": "Asphalt Tango Records Asphalt Tango Records is a Berlin-based record label specialising in Balkan Gypsy music and East European rock , psychedelic folk , cabaret and electronic music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21927a40c03cec6c346a67b4019c6223", "text": "Dome Records Dome Records is a British record label , which has existed since 1992 , specializing in soul and rhythm and blues music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed1ce29e758e17bf47c88e725daf8ac6", "text": "Pork Recordings Pork Recordings is a record label based in Kingston upon Hull , East Yorkshire , England , that specialises in electronica , mostly in the downtempo or chill-out styles . Formed in the early 1990s by David `` Porky '' Brennand and Steve Cobby , its most significant artists included Fila Brazillia , Baby Mammoth , Bullitnuts and most recently Leggo Beast . Brennand also records with Steel Tiger Records as The Cutler ; a collaboration with Steve Cobby .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa42c202f2d7877ab8535499f0744a7b", "text": "Olivia Records Olivia Records was a collective founded in 1973 to record and market women 's music . Olivia , named after the heroine of a pulp novel by Dorothy Bussy who fell in love with her headmistress at French boarding school , was the brainchild of ten lesbian-feminists ( the Furies Collective and Radicalesbians ) living in Washington , D.C. who wanted to create a feminist organization with an economic base . Olivia was co-founded by Judy Dlugacz . In 1973 , the collective put out a 45 with Meg Christian on one side and Cris Williamson on the other . Yoko Ono responded and said that she wanted to do a side project with Olivia , but the collective politely declined . Without making themselves dependent on any high-profile person , they made $ 12,000 with that 45 , enough to put out singer Meg Christian 's first record , and soon after , Williamson 's groundbreaking album The Changer and the Changed . Sandy Stone was Olivia 's sound engineer from ca. 1974-1978 , recording and mixing all Olivia product during this period . She resigned as the controversy over her working for a lesbian-identified enterprise increased because she was a transgender woman . The debate continued in Janice Raymond 's book The Transsexual Empire , which devoted a chapter to criticism of `` the transsexually constructed lesbian-feminist '' . In 1977 , after repeated criticism by Anita Bryant , Olivia put out Lesbian Concentrate , a collection of songs and poetry with part of the proceeds going to benefit the Lesbian Mothers National Defense Fund . Included on the 13 track LP is Meg Christian 's `` Ode To A Gym Teacher '' and Sue Fink 's `` Leaping Lesbians '' . Olivia moved first to Los Angeles to stay on top of the burgeoning music scene and then to Oakland . The remaining five women of the collective , who had been pooling their money and even living together for the previous seven years , began to disperse . Olivia stopped putting out new records and instead performed a series of 15th anniversary concerts in 1988 . The two concerts at Carnegie Hall in New York City were the largest grossing concerts at that venue in its history . Yet , The New York Times barely mentioned the show . Even though Olivia Records released world music and salsa records , they were most successful with acoustic solo acts , although sometimes they failed to identify mainstream talent . In 1985 , singer/songwriter Melissa Etheridge , then a struggling Los Angeles artist , sent her demo to Olivia , but was ultimately rejected . Etheridge went on to become one of the most popular female performers of the 1990s and arguably the most successful lesbian musician of all time . She saved the rejection letter , signed by `` the women of Olivia , '' which was featured in Intimate Portrait , the Lifetime Television documentary of her life . Unable to reinvent themselves for the changing musical landscape for women , from riot grrl to Lilith Fair to Ani Difranco , Olivia could no longer sustain itself as a record label . Olivia Records founded Olivia , the lesbian cruise line , in 1988 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "973a86b262a40d9814f8097426fde8ee", "text": "Regular Beat Recording Co. Regular Beat Recording Co. is an independent record label based in Liverpool , England . Artists have included New Mexican electronica act Alaska In Winter , a collaborative project featuring Zach Condon from the band Beirut .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d36a925a667052a6d002db353f2aa430", "text": "Bearsville Records Bearsville Records was founded in 1970 by Albert Grossman . Artists included Todd Rundgren , Elizabeth Barraclough , Foghat , Halfnelson/Sparks , Bobby Charles , Randy VanWarmer , Paul Butterfield 's Better Days , Lazarus , Jesse Winchester , and NRBQ . The label closed in 1984 , two years before Grossman 's death . Bearsville 's initial distributor was Ampex Records . From 1972 until its folding , the label was distributed by Warner Bros. . Records in North America and most other territories . In the UK it was distributed by Warner until 1979 , and then Island until 1981 ; its last few British releases were licensed to independent labels Avatar and Lamborghini . Rhino Records currently distributes the Bearsville catalog . Many of the artists on the roster recorded at Grossman 's Bearsville Studios .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a831b41d01f9ab437947bda2054e6ced", "text": "Bronze Records Bronze Records was an independent English record label set up in 1971 by record producer Gerry Bron , and based in Chalk Farm , London . Bron had been producing Uriah Heep for Vertigo Records , and he set up this new label for future Uriah Heep releases , along with Juicy Lucy , Richard Barnes and Colosseum . Other subsequent acts included Osibisa , Paladin , Goldie , Manfred Mann 's Earth Band ( another Vertigo refugee ) , the Real Kids , Sally Oldfield , Motörhead , the Damned , Girlschool , Bronz and Hawkwind . Original manufacturing and distribution was through Island Records , moving to EMI in 1977 and then onto Polydor Records in 1980 . The label folded in financial difficulty in 1986 , with the catalogue being sold to Ray Richards ' Legacy Records . It subsequently passed to Castle Communications plc. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3bbcb85b2686e7788b854f129b488d22", "text": "Fanfare Records Fanfare Records was a British record label that was founded by Iain Burton ( dancer in The Young Generation , manager of Arlene Phillips and co-founder of Hot Gossip ) and Simon Cowell ( which made Cowell 's first break in the music industry ) . Burton and Cowell worked together at Fanfare Records for eight years . The label was most successful during the 1980s . The label 's biggest success came with Sinitta .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96dc30749932ba8f836ceafc862146f1", "text": "Lobby Music Lobby Music is a record company , headquartered in Paleo Faliro , Greece , founded in 2010 by composer Nektarios Bitros . The record company has released several songs from notable artists of the Greek music industry . The makers of the record company , managed in the first five years of operation to sign contracts with several established Greek artists as well as new artists . At times , Lobby Music has been credited with platinum and gold albums from releases .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bd6514796e17f3eeca00280a6b9ad37", "text": "Rough Trade Records Rough Trade Records is an independent record label based in London , England . It was formed in 1978 by Geoff Travis who had opened a record store off Ladbroke Grove . Having successfully promoted and sold records by punk , very early indie pop and early post-punk bands such as The Smiths and Desperate Bicycles , Travis began to manage acts and distribute bands such as Scritti Politti and began the label , which was informed by left-wing politics and structured as a co-operative . Soon after , Rough Trade also set up a distribution arm that serviced independent retail outlets across Britain , a network that became known as the Cartel . Interest and investment of major labels in the UK indie scene in the late 1980s , as well as overtrading on behalf of Rough Trade 's distribution wing , led to cash flow problems , and eventually to bankruptcy , forcing the label into receivership . However , Travis resurrected the label in the late 1990s , finding success with The Libertines , The Strokes and Antony and the Johnsons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a949a071d3871d9692790b7145539220", "text": "B-Unique Records B-Unique Records is a London-based record label , and publishing company founded in 2001 by Mark Lewis and Martin Toher . B-Unique 's current roster includes John Newman , Kodaline , James Bay , The Mispers , Darlia , Benjamin Francis Leftwich , Luke Sital Singh , Port Isla and artists and writers Ian Broudie , Samuel Preston , John Power , Liam O'Donnell , Jonny Coffer , Anders Grahn , Grace Tither , James Flannigan and Ralph Pelleymounter . Other bands include Kaiser Chiefs , The Twang , The Automatic , The Ordinary Boys and Aqualung . Also released on the label to critical acclaim : Primal Scream , Fenech Soler , Mull Historical Society , Leaves , Alkaline Trio , Hot Hot Heat , Saves The Day , Rocket from the Crypt , Bedouin Soundclash , Harmar Superstar and Coheed and Cambria . Before launching B-Unique Toher signed artists including Therapy ? , The Bluetones , Dodgy and Cud to A&M . Mark Lewis as Head of A&R at Polygram Music and London Records signed Echo and The Bunnymen , Cast , Alisha 's Attic and many others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "145575da1f08c1d16d24368e69e549eb", "text": "Felsted Records Felsted Records was the name of two record labels . The UK version began as a subsidiary of Decca Records in July 1954 , with music mainly in the jazz and dance band genres and recordings leased from the French Blue Star , Riviera and Classique labels . The label took its name from the village where Sir Edward Lewis , the head of UK Decca , lived . The British label 's only release of note was `` Smokie '' , the first single by Bill Black 's Combo , Black having been Elvis Presley 's bassist , licensed from Hi Records . Late in 1957 , Felsted Records US opened operating from London Records ' office in New York and was marketed as a pop label . Releases included Kathy Linden 's `` Billy '' and `` Goodbye Jimmy , Goodbye '' ; Jimmy Wisner 's 1961 instrumental `` Asia Minor '' , credited to `` Kokomo , his Piano and Orchestra , on the London label in the UK ; and the Flares ' 1961 release `` Foot Stompin ' Part 1 '' , which hit # 20 on the Black Singles chart and # 25 on the Billboard Hot 100 In 1958 Felsted was reinstated in the UK leasing US material contracted through its US office . Neither label had much commercial success ; the UK label was closed in 1964 and its roster transferred to London Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e7650ed6d5d96dea293c635f280e18e", "text": "Razor Boy Music Publishing Razor Boy Music Publishing is a Swedish independent music publishing company . It launched its operations on June 1 , 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3038e5dd6b60bf511f14fb96079c587c", "text": "The Leather Boys The Leather Boys is a 1964 British drama film about the rocker subculture in London featuring a gay motorcyclist . This film is notable as an early example of a film that violated the Hollywood production code , yet was still shown in the United States , as well as an important film in the genre of queer cinema . An example of British kitchen sink realism , it was considered daring in 1964 as it touched upon homosexuality , however obliquely . Reviewers have noted that it contains naturalistic photography and period locations such as the Ace Cafe . The film is based on a novel commissioned by the London literary agent and publisher Anthony Blond , who suggested that Gillian Freeman write about a `` Romeo and Romeo in the South London suburbs '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f74085f5ff25df1e425a99a383c9b45", "text": "Pioneer Records Pioneer Records is a small indie record label based in London , England , UK .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b68af13eb1e75214f956852b61c77b86", "text": "Soundgarden Soundgarden is an American rock band formed in Seattle , Washington , in 1984 by singer and rhythm guitarist Chris Cornell , lead guitarist Kim Thayil , and bassist Hiro Yamamoto . Matt Cameron became the band 's full-time drummer in 1986 , while bassist Ben Shepherd became a permanent replacement for Yamamoto in 1990 . Cornell remained in Soundgarden until his death in May 2017 , putting the band 's future in doubt and leaving Thayil as the only remaining original member of the band . Soundgarden was one of the seminal bands in the creation of grunge , a style of alternative rock that developed in Seattle , and was one of a number of grunge bands signed to the record label Sub Pop . Soundgarden was the first grunge band to sign to a major label ( A&M Records in 1988 ) , though the band did not achieve commercial success until they popularized the genre in the early 1990s with Seattle contemporaries Pearl Jam , Nirvana , and Alice in Chains . Soundgarden achieved its biggest success with the 1994 album Superunknown , which debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and yielded the Grammy Award-winning singles `` Black Hole Sun '' and `` Spoonman '' . In 1997 , the band broke up due to internal strife over its creative direction . After more than a decade of working on projects and other bands , Soundgarden reunited in 2010 and their sixth studio album , King Animal , was released two years later . As of 2012 , Soundgarden sold more than 10.5 million records in the United States , and an estimated 22.5 million worldwide . VH1 ranked Soundgarden at number 14 in their special 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d4cbaedbdd8e06dea425a9f054304ad2", "text": "Constantinople Records Constantinople Records is an upstart record label created by Billy Corgan of The Smashing Pumpkins . Little is known about the label and no official website or company exists . The US Patent Office 's website listed the label as being trademarked by Corgan . When word of the label was made public , a domain name was registered but no website ever appeared . After one year the URL had expired . The label was ultimately created to only release the album by The Smashing Pumpkins : `` Machina II/The Friends & Enemies of Modern Music '' and the EPs that were associated with it , because Corgan 's relationship with Virgin Records had deteriorated . Virgin had refused to release Machina and Machina II as a double album , and when Machina sold poorly , refused entirely to release the sequel . Since the band was breaking up at the time , Corgan decided to release Machina II for free download on the internet . Only twenty-five vinyl copies were pressed , and were shipped via FedEx to several prominent fans in the online community , with instructions to immediately redistribute it on the Internet free of charge .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "efa8774aec06785711758a43c0192501", "text": "Meat Puppets (album) Meat Puppets is the first album by American band the Meat Puppets , released in 1982 . The album is unlike their later , better-known releases due to its hardcore punk sound . The album was recorded in a matter of days , there are very few overdubs and many of the tracks are first takes . Like other early SST albums the sound quality is rather spotty ; there is noticeable fuzz in the background of the music . The band opted for this because they felt more comfortable recording live with only a few microphones rather than employing conventional studio separation techniques . In 1999 , Curt Kirkwood stated , `` The first -LSB- album -RSB- was our LSD record . We were three days in the studio , and we tripped the whole time . And it was really cool , and really trying , too , because we went insane . '' The 1999 Rykodisc reissue features the entire In a Car EP as well as 13 other bonus tracks , many of them studio jams or outtakes , and a video clip of the band performing `` Walking Boss '' live . The booklet also has liner notes by Gregg Turkington and recording notes by drummer Derrick Bostrom . In the 2012 book , Too High to Die : Meet the Meat Puppets by Greg Prato , an entire chapter is dedicated to Soundgarden guitarist Kim Thayil explaining why Meat Puppets is one of his favorite all-time albums .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "206a0b0ed45c1cb55be69c0328fefd4d", "text": "Dream Theater (album) Dream Theater is the twelfth studio album by American progressive metal band Dream Theater , released through Roadrunner Records on September 23 , 2013 in Europe and a day later in the United States . The album was written , recorded , mixed , and mastered between January and May 2013 at Cove City Sound Studios in Long Island , New York , the same studio as the band 's previous album , A Dramatic Turn of Events ( 2011 ) . The band made Dream Theater a self-titled album to emphasize that they were moving forward in their career and to make it a reference point for fans . The album 's songs are shorter on average than most Dream Theater songs , with the exception of the 20-minute closer `` Illumination Theory '' . Strings for the album were arranged by Eren Başbuğ , a Berklee College of Music student . Dream Theater moved 34,000 units in the United States in its debut week , charting at number seven and becoming the band 's second highest charting album behind 2009 's Black Clouds & Silver Linings . For its lead single , `` The Enemy Inside '' , the band received their second consecutive Grammy nomination in the Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance category . In early 2014 , Dream Theater toured Europe and America in support of the album and recorded their performance at the Boston Opera House for a live release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "220c09a464deb3f5674c819fa7a1a577", "text": "Pretty Hate Machine Pretty Hate Machine is the debut studio album by American industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails , released on October 20 , 1989 by TVT Records in the United States , Island Records in Europe and by Interscope Records and Atlantic Records internationally . The album is compiled of reworked tracks from the band 's Purest Feeling demo , as well as songs composed after its original recording . Although it was critically and commercially successful ( especially for an independent label ) , Trent Reznor ( Nine Inch Nails ' only constant band member ) feuded with TVT Records during the album 's promotion . Slant Magazine placed the album at number 50 on its list of the `` Best Albums of the 1980s '' , commenting , `` before attempting suicide in The Downward Spiral and living with the wrist scars in The Fragile , Pretty Hate Machine sent out sleek , danceable warning shots '' . Three singles were released from the album , the most successful being its opening track `` Head Like a Hole '' , which has become a staple of Nine Inch Nails live performances . Pretty Hate Machine became one of the first independently released albums to attain a platinum certification , with the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) certifying the album triple platinum on May 12 , 2003 , indicating sales surpassing three million copies in the United States . The album went out of print in 1997 because of the much publicized disagreement between Reznor and TVT . Rykodisc re-released the album worldwide in 2005 , effectively putting it back into print . A remastered version with updated artwork was released on November 22 , 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54c8a76880e814fd6940eb79cde55bfe", "text": "1950s in jazz By the end of the 1940s , the nervous energy and tension of bebop was replaced with a tendency towards calm and smoothness , with the sounds of cool jazz , which favoured long , linear melodic lines . It emerged in New York City , as a result of the mixture of the styles of predominantly white swing jazz musicians and predominantly black bebop musicians , and it dominated jazz in the first half of the 1950s . The starting point were a series of singles on Capitol Records in 1949 and 1950 of a nonet led by trumpeter Miles Davis , collected and released first on a ten-inch and later a twelve-inch as the Birth of the Cool . Cool jazz recordings by Chet Baker , Dave Brubeck , Bill Evans , Gil Evans , Stan Getz and the Modern Jazz Quartet usually have a `` lighter '' sound which avoided the aggressive tempos and harmonic abstraction of bebop . Cool jazz later became strongly identified with the West Coast jazz scene , but also had a particular resonance in Europe , especially Scandinavia , with emergence of such major figures as baritone saxophonist Lars Gullin and pianist Bengt Hallberg . The theoretical underpinnings of cool jazz were set out by the blind Chicago pianist Lennie Tristano , and its influence stretches into such later developments as Bossa nova , modal jazz , and even free jazz . See also the list of cool jazz and West Coast musicians for further detail . Hard bop , an extension of bebop ( or `` bop '' ) music that incorporates influences from rhythm and blues , gospel music , and blues , especially in the saxophone and piano playing , developed in the mid-1950s , partly in response to the vogue for cool jazz in the early 1950s . The hard bop style coalesced in 1953 and 1954 , paralleling the rise of rhythm and blues . Miles Davis ' performance of `` Walkin ' '' the title track of his album of the same year , at the very first Newport Jazz Festival in 1954 , announced the style to the jazz world . The quintet Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers , fronted by Blakey and featuring pianist Horace Silver and trumpeter Clifford Brown , were leaders in the hard bop movement along with Davis . ( See also List of Hard bop musicians ) Modal jazz recordings , such as Miles Davis 's Kind of Blue , became popular in the late 1950s . Popular modal standards include Davis 's `` All Blues '' and `` So What '' ( both 1959 ) , John Coltrane 's `` Impressions '' ( 1963 ) and Herbie Hancock 's `` Maiden Voyage '' ( 1965 ) . Later , Davis 's `` second great quintet '' , which included saxophonist Wayne Shorter and pianist Herbie Hancock , recorded a series of highly acclaimed albums in the mid-to-late 1960s . Standards from these sessions include Shorter 's `` Footprints '' ( 1966 ) and Eddie Harris 's `` Freedom Jazz Dance '' ( 1966 ) . In Brazil , a new style of music called bossa nova evolved in the late 1950s . The free jazz movement , coming to prominence in the late 1950s , spawned very few standards . Free jazz 's unorthodox structures and performance techniques are not as amenable to transcription as other jazz styles . However , `` Lonely Woman '' ( 1959 ) a blues by saxophonist Ornette Coleman , is perhaps the closest thing to a standard in free jazz , having been recorded by dozens of notable performers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc7ab45de773ffec66082e35e3e7b9de", "text": "Black Tusk (band) Black Tusk ( often written as Blacktusk ) is an American heavy metal power trio from Savannah , Georgia . The band was formed in 2005 , when its members were all living on the same street . With the dissolution of Andrew Fidler 's ( guitar , vocals ) and Jonathan Athon 's ( bass , vocals ) crust punk band and James May 's ( drums , vocals ) street punk band , Andrew and Athon went down the street to James ' house and asked him if he wanted to play with them . During the next few days they jammed continuously , and within a few months they had recorded the EP When Kingdoms Fall , which was released on Wrecked Signal . Two years later the band self-released their first full-length studio album , The Fallen Kingdom , followed by another a year later with Passage Through Purgatory , released through the local label Hyperrealist Records . In 2009 , Black Tusk released a series of split albums with bands such as ASG , The Holy Mountain , and Fight Amp , before sign to Relapse Records in November . The band released its debut for Relapse , Taste the Sin , in May 2010 . Black Tusk is mostly associated with Baroness and Kylesa , for their shared hometown of Savannah , as well as for their sludge metal sound . The band is linked to Baroness ' guitarist and vocalist John Dyer Baizley , who is also a painter and creates all of Black Tusk 's artwork . Black Tusk 's members describe their music as `` swamp metal , '' a term that has been described by Allmusic as `` the murkiest , dirtiest sludge to come out of Savannah since Kylesa '' . The term is a reference to the climate of Savannah in relation to the music that the band create . Reviewing the album , Taste the Sin , Pitchfork Media stated that the band 's blend of hardcore punk and stoner metal `` works to capitalize on the immediacy of its chosen genres and not to bend them into obscurity . '' Black Tusk acknowledges its punk rock origins , but prefer not to cite a list of bands that influence them because they feel that it is ineffective since they are not `` trying to emulate any one band 's style or any one genre 's sound . '' On November 9 , 2014 , band member Jonathan Athon died due to injuries sustained from a motorcycle accident . He was placed in a medically-induced coma and , per his wishes , was pulled from life support after it was determined that he had irreparable brain damage . On December 10 , 2014 , the band confirmed they would be touring with Black Label Society in early 2015 , with Corey Barhorst filling in on bass duties , as well as confirmed they finished the recording of their next album prior to the death of Jonathan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "456cb351a2699816978c9b690f608560", "text": "Somewhere Between Heaven and Hell Somewhere Between Heaven and Hell is the fourth studio album by the American punk rock band Social Distortion , released on February 11 , 1992 . Following up on the surprise success of their breakthrough singles `` Ball and Chain '' and `` Story of My Life '' , Somewhere Between Heaven and Hell became a popular album and received positive reviews from music critics . It also spawned their highest-charting single `` Bad Luck '' , which peaked at number 2 on the Modern Rock Tracks chart . Somewhere Between Heaven and Hell was the one of the best-selling albums of Social Distortion 's recording career , achieving gold sales certification in the United States by 2000 , and by 1996 , the album had sold 296,000 copies . It peaked at number 76 on the US Billboard 200 and topped the Heatseekers chart , and was also Social Distortion 's last to feature drummer Christopher Reece , who left the band in 1994 . The cover art features Ness mid-jump , while playing one of his Gibson Les Pauls .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "86e9d2565101256113b31f9e42dbbddc", "text": "The Fugs (album) The Fugs is a 1966 album by The Fugs , described in their AllMusic profile as `` arguably the first underground rock group of all time '' . The album charted number 95 on Billboard 's `` Top Pop Albums '' chart . The album was re-released on CD in 1993 as The Fugs Second Album under the Fantasy label with five additional tracks : two live performances and three tracks recorded for Atlantic in 1967 for an album that was never released . In its review of the re-release , AllMusic finds them `` very ahead of their time lyrically '' and compares them to the punk band Dead Kennedys , both lyrically and in their shared `` weakness for crude humor '' . In 2013 , David Bowie included it in a list of 25 of his favourite albums , `` Confessions of a Vinyl Junkie '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6595e5ce20c83981ad749f0ccff9451", "text": "Sacred Cowboys Sacred Cowboys are an Australian post-punk and rock band formed by mainstay Garry Gray , as lead singer-songwriter , in 1982 . The line-up has changed as the group splintered and reformed several times , being active from 1982 to 1985 , 1987 to 1991 , 1994 to 1997 and 2006 to 2008 . The August 2006 line-up was Gray with Stephan Fidock on drums ; Penny Ikinger on guitar ; Spencer P. Jones on guitar ; Nick Rischbieth on bass guitar ; and Ash Wednesday on keyboards . Past members include : Johnny Crash ( aka Janis Friedenfelds ) on drums and Mark Ferrie on bass guitar , who were both ex-Models ; Terry Doolan on guitar ; Andrew Picouleau on bass guitar ; and Ian Forrest on keyboards . The group have issued six albums : Sacred Cowboys ( 1984 ) , We Love You ... Of Course We Do ( 1985 ) , Trouble from Providence ( August 1988 ) , Things to Come ( July 1996 ) , Cold Harvest ( January 2007 ) and 1982 -- 85 : Nailed to the Cross ( February 2008 ) . Australian musicologist , Ian McFarlane , described them as `` one of the most confrontational live outfits '' with their music as `` mixed post-punk moodiness and country raunch over a mutant swamp-blues backbeat '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c1291e8056c4859233b345063517843", "text": "Weathermaker Music Weathermaker Music is the record label owned by the American rock band Clutch and their manager Jack Flanagan . Weathermaker Music LLC was formed in June 2008 . Weathermaker Music was mostly known to work with Clutch and their side project , the psychedelic jazz-rock alter ego The Bakerton Group . In 2012 Weathermaker signed and released product by The Company Band , and The Mob . Both groups include Weathermaker Music principal owners . On March 19th , 2013 Weathermaker Music released the Clutch record '' Earth Rocker '' on CD and vinyl . At the end of 2013 Weathermaker Music released `` Earth Rocker Live '' which is a double 12 inch vinyl picture disc version of the `` Earth Rocker '' studio release on one LP , and the same track listing recorded live from various cities on their 2013 USA tour on the second LP . In 2013 Weathermaker Music signed Deep Swell , featuring Clutch member Tim Sult on guitar . Their record , `` Lore of the Angler '' was released October 15th , 2013 . Weathermaker Music signed the Maryland-based group Lionize in 2013 as well . Entitled `` Jetpack Soundtrack '' , this Lionize record was released on February 18th , 2014 in North America , April 11th , 2014 in Europe , and February 14th , 2014 in the UK . The Lionize signing marks the label 's first signing of an independent artist to Weathermaker Music . In the summer of 2014 Weathermaker Music completed the Earth Rocker release cycle with a very special Double Vinyl 12 '' Picture Disc for collectors and released `` Earth Rocker Deluxe '' , a 2xCD / DVD set . CD1 of the deluxe version features the original studio recordings with two previously unreleased songs , CD2 is a live version of all ER songs recorded at various stops on the Earth Rocker World Tour during the summer of 2013 and the DVD is a recording of Clutch 's Denver , CO show from ( 11/14/13 ) . As a bonus , the DVD contains three promotional videos , two of which were directed by Aisha Tyler . Clutch released their 11th studio record `` Psychic Warfare '' on October 2nd , 2015 via Weathermaker Music . The first video from the album was `` X-Ray Visions '' , Directed by Dan Winters . The album reached # 11 on the Top 100 Billboard chart and # 1 on both the Hard Rock and Rock Billboard charts . The second video from `` Psychic Warfare '' was `` A Quick Death in Texas '' , directed and shot by My Good Eye ( David Brodsky / Allison Woest ) . Clutch also participated in '' 10 Bands 1 Cause '' breast cancer awareness program with a limited edition pink vinyl offering released September 18th , 2015 distributed via RED . This vinyl will be reissued by Weathermaker Music on black vinyl on October 7th , 2016 . On Saturday April 16th 2016 Weathermaker Music will be releasing a Clutch special limited edition 12 '' vinyl release for Record Store Day . The album will contain two previously unreleased tracks from the Psychic Warfare sessions : `` Mad Sidewinder '' and `` Outland Special Clearance '' . These two tracks , specifically mastered for this vinyl configuration by Paul Logus , will be on side A . The reverse side will have a large scale etching taken from the Psychic Warfare CD booklet design created by Dan Winters . The jacket is hand numbered thick clear plastic showing the full art design , thus making this piece for Record Store Day 2016 a unique collectors ' item for all Clutch fans . On September 20th , 2016 Weathermaker Music re-issued their first ever official release '' WM001 , Full Fathom Five , Audio Field Recordings '' on a 2x disc vinyl Gatefold offering . Weathermaker Music has signed distribution agreements with Sony/RED in North America , as well as international distribution agreements with Rough Trade Distribution in Europe , including the UK , and Rocket Distribution in Australia . Weathermaker Music Label Manager is Stefan Koster .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74475b3e9cfe19db8866b34e6c566194", "text": "Pop punk Pop punk ( also known as punk-pop ) is a music genre that fuses elements of punk rock and pop music . It typically combines fast tempos , loud and distorted electric guitars , and power chord changes with pop-influenced melodies , vocal styles , and lyrical themes . Pop-influenced punk rock emerged in the mid-1970s with a music style that was stylistically similar to power pop . By the mid-1980s , several bands merged hardcore punk with pop music to create a new , faster pop punk sound such as Dag Nasty , the Nip Drivers , T.S.O.L. , Social Distortion , and the Descendents . Pop punk in the United States began to grow in popularity locally in California in the mid-to-late 1980s . Pop punk particularly thrived in California , where independent record labels adopted a do it yourself ( DIY ) approach to releasing music . By the mid-1990s , a few pop punk bands had started to sell millions of records and receive extensive radio and television airplay , such as Green Day . By 1994 , pop punk was quickly growing in mainstream popularity . The late 1990s , exemplified by the 1999 release of Blink-182 's Enema of the State , represented the genre 's mainstream peak , although some pop punk bands scored successful album chartings in the 2000s . In the mid-2000s , emo pop , a fusion genre combining emo and pop punk , became popular . By the end of the 2000s , the pop punk sound of the 1990s had largely waned in mainstream popularity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c5a6ecfc875161a6f1f4de9f1fa68e5", "text": "Symphony of Destruction `` Symphony of Destruction '' is a song by American heavy metal band Megadeth , released as a single from their 1992 album , Countdown to Extinction . The lyrics explore the hypothetical situation where an average citizen is placed in a position where he runs the country while the public is led by a phantom government . Penned by vocalist and frontman Dave Mustaine , the song received significant radio play and charted in various territories , making it one of Megadeth 's best known songs . The song was generally well received by critics , and its accompanying music video by Wayne Isham initially received heavy rotation on MTV , but eventually became controversial and was edited because of an assassination scene that MTV felt was `` too harsh '' . The video features each band member individually playing , with a mostly black-and-white nonlinear narrative revolving around a political candidate who is assassinated , and the massive amount of anarchy and riots caused by the event . The song has been featured in several sources of media , and has been covered by several bands .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afc418c215cdd3149dcfa0b0f94c06d3", "text": "Joe's Garage Joe 's Garage is a three-part rock opera recorded by American musician Frank Zappa in 1979 . Originally released as two separate studio albums on Zappa Records , the project was later remastered and reissued as a triple album box set , Joe 's Garage , Acts I , II & III , in 1987 . The LPs initially received mixed to positive reviews , with critics praising its innovative and original music , but criticizing the scatological , sexual and profane nature of the lyrics . Since its original release , Joe 's Garage has been reappraised in a better light by some critics . Zappa self-deprecatingly described the album as a `` stupid little story about how the government is going to do away with music . '' The story is told by a character identified as the `` Central Scrutinizer '' narrating the story of Joe , an average adolescent male who forms a garage rock band , has unsatisfying relationships with women , gives all of his money to a government assisted and insincere religion , explores sexual activities with appliances , and is imprisoned . After being released from prison into a dystopian society in which music itself has been criminalized , he lapses into insanity . The album encompasses a large spectrum of musical styles , while its lyrics often feature satirical or humorous commentary on American society and politics . It addresses themes of individualism , free will , censorship , the music industry and human sexuality , while criticizing government and religion , and satirizing Catholicism and Scientology . Joe 's Garage is noted for its use of xenochrony , a recording technique that takes guitar solos from older live recordings and overdubs them onto new studio recordings . All of the guitar solos on the album are xenochronous except for `` Crew Slut '' and `` Watermelon in Easter Hay '' , a signature song that Zappa has described as the best song on the album , and according to his son Dweezil , the best guitar solo his father ever played .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "019c6b7c2184255413dc3c7095e912d7", "text": "Blink-182 Blink-182 ( often stylized as blink-182 ; pronounced `` blink one eighty two '' ) is an American rock band formed in Poway , California in 1992 . The band currently consists of bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus , drummer Travis Barker , and guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba . Founded by guitarist and vocalist Tom DeLonge , bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus and drummer Scott Raynor , the band emerged from the Southern California punk scene of the early 1990s and first gained notoriety for high-energy live shows and irreverent lyrical toilet humor . Blink-182 was initially known as Blink until an Irish band of the same name threatened legal action ; in response , the band appended the meaningless number '' -182 '' . In its early years , Blink-182 toured heavily behind the band 's debut , Cheshire Cat ( 1995 ) . The group signed with major label MCA Records to co-distribute its second album , Dude Ranch ( 1997 ) . Raynor was fired midway through a 1998 tour and replaced by Barker . The group 's next two releases , Enema of the State ( 1999 ) and Take Off Your Pants and Jacket ( 2001 ) , were enormous successes on the strength of radio and MTV airplay . The eponymously titled Blink-182 followed in 2003 and marked a stylistic shift for the group . DeLonge quit in 2005 , sending the band into what was termed an `` indefinite hiatus '' . They reunited in 2009 , producing the trio 's sixth album , Neighborhoods ( 2011 ) . In 2015 , DeLonge again exited and was replaced by Alkaline Trio guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba . The band 's seventh studio album , California , was released on July 1 , 2016 . Blink-182 is considered a key group in the development of pop punk ; the band 's combination of pop melodies with fast-paced punk rock featured a more radio-friendly accessibility than prior bands . The trio has sold over thirteen million albums in the United States , and over 50 million albums worldwide . In 2011 , The New York Times asserted , `` no punk band of the 1990s has been more influential than Blink-182 , '' and even as the band receded after its 2005 split , `` its sound and style could be heard in the muscular pop punk of Fall Out Boy or in the current wave of high-gloss Warped Tour punk bands , like All Time Low and The Maine . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "532b8d92510feeff72678b5f7b0ae887", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance was an award presented at the 2012 and 2013 Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it was designed for solo , duo/groups or collaborative ( vocal or instrumental ) hard rock or metal recordings and was limited to singles or tracks only . The award was first presented in 2012 , after a major restructuring of Grammy categories . It combined the previous categories Best Hard Rock Performance and Best Metal Performance . The restructuring was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards . However , the Recording Academy announced in June 2013 that the category would split in 2014 , returning the Best Metal Performance category and recognizing quality hard rock performances in the Best Rock Performance category . According to the Academy , `` it was determined that metal has a very distinctive sound , and hard rock more closely aligns with rock and can exist comfortably as one end of the rock spectrum . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ce1226f0b9ca6b90ec80e32113b9ca7", "text": "Internal conflict An internal conflict is the struggle occurring within a character 's mind . Things such as the character views for , but ca n't quite reach . As opposed to external conflict , in which a character is grappling some force outside of him or herself , such as wars or a chain breaking off a bike , or not being able to get past a road block . The dilemma posed by an internal conflict is usually some ethical or emotional question . Indicators of internal conflict would be a character 's hesitation or self-posing questions like `` what was it I did wrong ? '' . An internal conflict can also be a decision-making issue . The term `` internal conflict '' is also widely used to describe a military conflict within a nation , such as a civil war . An internal conflict is a non-international conflict . It can be because of political , economic or religious causes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a659ac3b66d963b570094591b8d13f37", "text": "Audio-Visions Audio-Visions is the seventh studio album by American progressive rock band Kansas , released in 1980 . The album was reissued in remastered format on CD in 1996 on Legacy/Epic and again in 2011 , as a Japanese import vinyl-replica CD , as well as part of the Sony/Legacy domestic boxed set , Kansas Complete Album Collection 1974-1983 , which packages all of the band 's original releases on Kirshner and affiliated labels CBS/Columbia . Kerry Livgren 's recent conversion to Christianity is first heard on this album , primarily in the lyrics to `` Hold On '' ( which was written as an evangelistic plea to his wife ) . That song was the original lineup 's last Top 40 , peaking at # 40 as the album 's first single . The second single from the album , `` Got to Rock On , '' charted outside the Top 40 , and was released as a promo only 12 '' single as well , featuring a live version of the song on Side B of the promotional single , taken from an ABC Radio `` the Source '' live concert broadcast from Chicago . In addition , another stop on the Audio-Visions tour was broadcast on the radio , on the radio show `` A Night on the Road , '' from the Palladium in New York City . In addition to playing almost every song on the album on the tour , the band also played one selection each from Livgren and Walsh 's recent solo albums . While every song on the Monolith album was played during the early part prior Monolith tour , not a single song from Monolith was played on the Audio-Visions tour . The eighth song on this album , `` No One Together '' , was originally intended for release on the previous album , Monolith , released in 1979 , but it was dropped from that album due to an argument between Walsh and Livgren over whose song should be included there ( with Walsh winning out the argument by having his song , `` How My Soul Cries Out for You '' , included ) and wound up on this album instead . The album was to be the last album with the band 's original lineup until 2000 's Somewhere to Elsewhere , and coincidentally the band 's last studio album to be certified gold by the RIAA ( which it did in December 1980 ) . The album was later repackaged as Playlist : Audio-Visions , removing the last three tracks and including `` How My Soul Cries Out for You '' in the place of `` No One Together '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2776a980f837d1b8951a8e1e84656fd3", "text": "Chris Cornell Chris Cornell ( born Christopher John Boyle ; July 20 , 1964 -- May 18 , 2017 ) was an American musician , singer , and songwriter . He was best known as lead vocalist for the bands Soundgarden and Audioslave . He was a two-time Grammy winner ( out of 14 nominations ) and was also known for his numerous solo works , soundtrack contributions since 1991 and as founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog , the one-off tribute band dedicated to his friend , the late Andrew Wood . Cornell , who is considered one of the architects of the 1990s grunge movement , is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter , for his nearly four-octave vocal range , and for his powerful vocal belting technique . He released four solo studio albums , Euphoria Morning ( 1999 ) , Carry On ( 2007 ) , Scream ( 2009 ) , Higher Truth ( 2015 ) , and the live album Songbook ( 2011 ) . Cornell received a Golden Globe Award nomination for his song `` The Keeper '' which appeared in the film Machine Gun Preacher and co-wrote and performed the theme song to the James Bond film Casino Royale ( 2006 ) , `` You Know My Name '' . The last solo release by Chris was the charity single `` The Promise '' , written for the ending credits for the film of the same name . He was voted `` Rock 's Greatest Singer '' by readers of Guitar World , ranked 4th in the list of `` Heavy Metal 's All-Time Top 100 Vocalists '' by Hit Parader , 9th in the list of `` Best Lead Singers of All Time '' by Rolling Stone , and 12th in MTV 's `` 22 Greatest Voices in Music '' . According to Nielsen Music , across his entire catalog ( Soundgarden , Audioslave and solo career ) , Cornell sold 14.8 million albums , 8.8 million digital songs , 300 million on-demand audio streams in the U.S. and sold over 30 million records worldwide as of 2017 . Cornell was found dead from suicide in his Detroit hotel room early on the morning of May 18 , 2017 , following a Soundgarden concert the night before . He suffered from depression and had substance abuse problems earlier in life .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f45f9222a3ccaaeeed14340efacdbe70", "text": "Music Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time . The common elements of music are pitch ( which governs melody and harmony ) , rhythm ( and its associated concepts tempo , meter , and articulation ) , dynamics ( loudness and softness ) , and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture ( which are sometimes termed the `` color '' of a musical sound ) . Different styles or types of music may emphasize , de-emphasize or omit some of these elements . Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping ; there are solely instrumental pieces , solely vocal pieces ( such as songs without instrumental accompaniment ) and pieces that combine singing and instruments . The word derives from Greek μουσική #Ancient Greek ( mousike ; `` art of the Muses '' ) . In its most general form , the activities describing music as an art form or cultural activity include the creation of works of music ( songs , tunes , symphonies , and so on ) , the criticism of music , the study of the history of music , and the aesthetic examination of music . Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies . Common sayings such as `` the harmony of the spheres '' and `` it is music to my ears '' point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to . However , 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music , saying , for example , `` There is no noise , only sound . '' The creation , performance , significance , and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context . Indeed , throughout history , some new forms or styles of music have been criticized as `` not being music '' , including Beethoven 's Grosse Fuge string quartet in 1825 , early jazz in the beginning of the 1900s and hardcore punk in the 1980s . There are many types of music , including popular music , traditional music , art music , music written for religious ceremonies and work songs such as chanteys . Music ranges from strictly organized compositions -- such as Classical music symphonies from the 1700s and 1800s , through to spontaneously played improvisational music such as jazz , and avant-garde styles of chance-based contemporary music from the 20th and 21st centuries . Music can be divided into genres ( e.g. , country music ) and genres can be further divided into subgenres ( e.g. , country blues and pop country are two of the many country subgenres ) , although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle , sometimes open to personal interpretation , and occasionally controversial . For example , it can be hard to draw the line between some early 1980s hard rock and heavy metal . Within the arts , music may be classified as a performing art , a fine art or as an auditory art . Music may be played or sung and heard live at a rock concert or orchestra performance , heard live as part of a dramatic work ( a music theater show or opera ) , or it may be recorded and listened to on a radio , MP3 player , CD player , smartphone or as film score or TV show . In many cultures , music is an important part of people 's way of life , as it plays a key role in religious rituals , rite of passage ceremonies ( e.g. , graduation and marriage ) , social activities ( e.g. , dancing ) and cultural activities ranging from amateur karaoke singing to playing in an amateur funk band or singing in a community choir . People may make music as a hobby , like a teen playing cello in a youth orchestra , or work as a professional musician or singer . The music industry includes the individuals who create new songs and musical pieces ( such as songwriters and composers ) , individuals who perform music ( which include orchestra , jazz band and rock band musicians , singers and conductors ) , individuals who record music ( music producers and sound engineers ) , individuals who organize concert tours , and individuals who sell recordings and sheet music and scores to customers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa42c202f2d7877ab8535499f0744a7b", "text": "Olivia Records Olivia Records was a collective founded in 1973 to record and market women 's music . Olivia , named after the heroine of a pulp novel by Dorothy Bussy who fell in love with her headmistress at French boarding school , was the brainchild of ten lesbian-feminists ( the Furies Collective and Radicalesbians ) living in Washington , D.C. who wanted to create a feminist organization with an economic base . Olivia was co-founded by Judy Dlugacz . In 1973 , the collective put out a 45 with Meg Christian on one side and Cris Williamson on the other . Yoko Ono responded and said that she wanted to do a side project with Olivia , but the collective politely declined . Without making themselves dependent on any high-profile person , they made $ 12,000 with that 45 , enough to put out singer Meg Christian 's first record , and soon after , Williamson 's groundbreaking album The Changer and the Changed . Sandy Stone was Olivia 's sound engineer from ca. 1974-1978 , recording and mixing all Olivia product during this period . She resigned as the controversy over her working for a lesbian-identified enterprise increased because she was a transgender woman . The debate continued in Janice Raymond 's book The Transsexual Empire , which devoted a chapter to criticism of `` the transsexually constructed lesbian-feminist '' . In 1977 , after repeated criticism by Anita Bryant , Olivia put out Lesbian Concentrate , a collection of songs and poetry with part of the proceeds going to benefit the Lesbian Mothers National Defense Fund . Included on the 13 track LP is Meg Christian 's `` Ode To A Gym Teacher '' and Sue Fink 's `` Leaping Lesbians '' . Olivia moved first to Los Angeles to stay on top of the burgeoning music scene and then to Oakland . The remaining five women of the collective , who had been pooling their money and even living together for the previous seven years , began to disperse . Olivia stopped putting out new records and instead performed a series of 15th anniversary concerts in 1988 . The two concerts at Carnegie Hall in New York City were the largest grossing concerts at that venue in its history . Yet , The New York Times barely mentioned the show . Even though Olivia Records released world music and salsa records , they were most successful with acoustic solo acts , although sometimes they failed to identify mainstream talent . In 1985 , singer/songwriter Melissa Etheridge , then a struggling Los Angeles artist , sent her demo to Olivia , but was ultimately rejected . Etheridge went on to become one of the most popular female performers of the 1990s and arguably the most successful lesbian musician of all time . She saved the rejection letter , signed by `` the women of Olivia , '' which was featured in Intimate Portrait , the Lifetime Television documentary of her life . Unable to reinvent themselves for the changing musical landscape for women , from riot grrl to Lilith Fair to Ani Difranco , Olivia could no longer sustain itself as a record label . Olivia Records founded Olivia , the lesbian cruise line , in 1988 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "15c9b895fb0d0e03beee9a79f0c14b32", "text": "King Kong (2005 film) King Kong is a 2005 epic monster adventure film co-written , produced , and directed by Peter Jackson . A remake of the 1933 film of the same name , the film stars Naomi Watts , Jack Black , Adrien Brody , and , through motion capture , Andy Serkis as the title character . Set in 1933 , King Kong tells the story of an ambitious filmmaker who coerces his cast and hired ship crew to travel to the mysterious Skull Island . There they encounter Kong , a legendary giant gorilla , whom they capture and take to New York City . Filming for King Kong took place in New Zealand from September 2004 to March 2005 . The project 's budget climbed from an initial $ 150 million to a then-record-breaking $ 207 million . It was released on December 14 , 2005 in Germany and on December 16 in the United States , and made an opening of $ 50.1 million . While it performed lower than expected , King Kong made domestic and worldwide grosses that eventually added up to $ 550 million , becoming the fourth-highest-grossing film in Universal Pictures history . It also generated $ 100 million in DVD sales upon its home video release . The film garnered positive reviews from critics and appeared on several top ten lists for 2005 . It was praised for its special effects , performances , sense of spectacle and comparison to the 1933 original . It won three Academy Awards for Best Sound Editing , Best Sound Mixing and Best Visual Effects .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "139624e58a09dcb5f8ea7b4e80fa282a", "text": "Tarzan Escapes Tarzan Escapes is a 1936 Tarzan film based on the character created by Edgar Rice Burroughs . It was the third in the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Tarzan series to feature Johnny Weissmuller as the `` King of the Apes '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8", "text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3f41276c825d3bd9baf1a271e3c116a", "text": "King Kong Song `` King Kong Song '' ( originally `` Mr. Sex '' ) , written and composed by Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus , is the name of a 1974 recording by Swedish pop group ABBA , included on their album Waterloo . In 1977 , the track was released as a single to coincide with the re-release of the movie King Kong , which charted at # 94 in Australia , where it had previously been the B-side to `` I 've Been Waiting for You '' . It received a substantial amount of unsolicited airplay in Sweden , even though by then three years and two albums had come and gone since its original 1974 conception . The song bears a resemblance to the style of the Beach Boys . In 1974 , the song competed in the Swedish radio chart show Tio i topp , where it stayed in the charts for four shows and peaked at # 4 . Also in Sweden , `` King Kong Song '' was the B-side to `` Honey , Honey '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7224e9c68c6aef3edb902ed4079055e", "text": "Lion vs. Lion Lion vs. Lion , also known as Roar of the Lion and Nan bei shi wang ( 南北獅王 , literally `` South North Lion King '' ) , is a 1981 Hong Kong kung fu film written and directed by Hsu Hsia and Chien Yuen Sheng . The film was produced by the Shaw Brothers Studio , a major Hong Kong film production company at the time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8be9d8c3cd1113ea5e38baa1a5191ef4", "text": "Hong Kong Cantonese Hong Kong Cantonese is a dialect of the Cantonese language commonly spoken in Hong Kong , as well as Macau . Although the Hong Kong people largely identify this variant of Chinese with the term `` Cantonese '' , a variety of publications in Mainland China describe the variant as Hong Kong speech . There are slight differences between the pronunciation used in Hong Kong Cantonese and that of the Cantonese spoken in the neighbouring Chinese province of Guangdong , where Cantonese ( based on the Guangzhou dialect ) is a main lingua franca . Over the years , Hong Kong Cantonese has also absorbed foreign terminology and developed a large set of Hong Kong-specific terms . These differences from the Guangzhou dialect are the result of British rule between 1841 and 1997 , as well as the closure of the Hong Kong-China border immediately after the establishment of the People 's Republic of China in 1949 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fcdbf47f18e80c35c7f359b556bc8cd3", "text": "Bringing King to China Bringing King to China is a 2011 documentary film by Kevin McKiernan . The cinematographers include three-time Oscar-winner Haskell Wexler . The documentary is `` a father 's ` love letter ' to his adult daughter , a young American woman struggling to bring Martin Luther King , Jr. 's dream of nonviolence to China , and then back to the United States . Her life is thrown into turmoil when she learns , mistakenly , that her father , a journalist covering the war in Iraq , has been killed by a suicide bomber . '' Bringing King to China conveys the lead character 's `` dream to build a bridge between the societies by talking about peaceful struggle and universal rights . '' It chronicles her struggle to interpret and adapt King 's message for Chinese society , preserve the historical accuracy of the U.S. civil rights movement , clear bureaucratic hurdles before opening night and raise funds to pay the theater company . The film takes American viewers backstage at the National Theatre Company of China , as Chinese actors rehearse with African-American gospel singers . The film premiered at the Santa Barbara International Film Festival and won best documentary at the Ventura International Film Festival and the Tulsa International Film Festival . In 2011 , it was scheduled to screen at film festivals across the US , including DOCNYC and the St. Louis International Film Festival . Commentators called the film timely , noting it premiered in the lead-up to the unveiling of the Martin Luther King , Jr. . Memorial in Washington , D.C.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45cca4f2ca741aa9586b00163ae81265", "text": "The NeverEnding Story (film) The NeverEnding Story is a 1984 American epic fantasy film based on the novel of the same name by Michael Ende , about a boy who reads a magical book that tells a story of a young warrior whose task is to stop a dark storm called the Nothing from engulfing a fantasy world . The film was produced by Bernd Eichinger and Dieter Giessler and directed and co-written by Wolfgang Petersen ( his first English-language film ) and starred Noah Hathaway , Barret Oliver , Tami Stronach , Patricia Hayes , Sydney Bromley , Gerald McRaney , Moses Gunn , and Alan Oppenheimer as the voices of both Falkor and Gmork ( as well as other characters ) . At the time of its release , it was the most expensive film produced outside the United States or the Soviet Union . The film was the first in The NeverEnding Story film series and later followed by two sequels . Ende felt that this adaptation 's content deviated so far from the spirit of his book that he requested that production either be halted or the film 's title be changed ; when the producers did neither , he sued them and subsequently lost the case . Ende called the film a `` gigantic melodrama of kitsch , commerce , plush and plastic '' -LSB- Ein `` gigantisches Melodram aus Kitsch , Kommerz , Plüsch und Plastik '' -RSB- . The film only adapts the first half of the book , and consequently does not convey the message of the title as it was portrayed in the novel . The second half of the book would subsequently be used as the rough basis for the second film , The Next Chapter . The third film , Escape from Fantasia , features a completely original plot .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e1562e3e2ba348de668f39a050d4889", "text": "Japan Academy Prize for Outstanding Foreign Language Film Every year since its inception , the Japanese Academy has recognized an outstanding foreign film . The year that any given film is nominated is not based on the film 's domestic release date but rather on the date it is released in Japan . As delays of over four months are not uncommon , many films are nominated in Japan the following year after their release to the Japanese market ( i.e. Million Dollar Baby won the American Academy Award for Best Picture for films made in 2004 , but the Japanese award , based on its localized release date , is for 2005 ) . In fact , not one of the five films nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Picture had been released in Japan by February 15 , 2008 , the date of the Japan Academy Prize Ceremony . Although the 2007 recipient of this award , Letters from Iwo Jima , a film almost entirely in Japanese , would not seem to meet the qualification of a `` Foreign Language Film '' , the actual Japanese title of the award , 最優秀外国作品賞 makes no mention of language . It would be more accurately translated as `` Best Foreign Production '' . 2017 - Sully The Martian Zootopia Star Wars : The Force Awakens The Revenant 2016 - American Sniper Kingsman : The Secret Service Mad Max : Fury Road Spectre Whiplash 2015 - Frozen Interstellar Jersey Boys Fury Godzilla 2014 - Les Misérables 3 Idiots Captain Phillips Django Unchained Gravity 2013 - The Intouchables Argo The Dark Knight Rises The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo Skyfall 2012 - The King 's Speech Rise of the Planet of the Apes Moneyball The Social Network Black Swan 2011 - Avatar Inception Toy Story 3 Invictus The Hurt Locker 2010 - Gran Torino Slumdog Millionaire Changeling The Wrestler Red Cliff Part II 2009 - The Dark Knight The Bucket List No Country for Old Men Lust , Caution Red Cliff Part I 2008 - Letters from Iwo Jima Dreamgirls Babel Hairspray The Bourne Ultimatum 2007 - Flags of Our Fathers Crash Hotel Rwanda Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Man 's Chest The Da Vinci Code 2006 - Million Dollar Baby Cinderella Man Charlie and the Chocolate Factory The Phantom of the Opera Star Wars : Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith 2005 - The Last Samurai The Lord of the Rings : The Return of the King Mystic River Seabiscuit Troy 2004 - The Pianist Chicago The Hours The Lord of the Rings : The Two Towers Yeopgijeogin geunyeo 2003 - Monster 's Ball Gangs of New York Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets I Am Sam The Lord of the Rings : The Fellowship of the Ring 2002 - Billy Elliot Artificial Intelligence : AI Chocolat Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone Postmen in the Mountains 2001 - Dancer in the Dark American Beauty Gladiator The Green Mile Swiri 2000 - The Sixth Sense Elizabeth The Matrix Shakespeare in Love La Vita è bella 1999 - L.A. Confidential Armageddon As Good as It Gets Good Will Hunting Saving Private Ryan 1998 - Titanic The English Patient Shine Air Force One Seven Years in Tibet1997 - Il Postino Independence Day Mission : Impossible Se7en 12 Monkeys1996 - The Shawshank Redemption Apollo 13 The Bridges of Madison County Forrest Gump Léon 1995 - Schindler 's List The Piano Pulp Fiction Speed True Lies 1994 - Jurassic Park Cliffhanger The Fugitive Heaven & Earth Unforgiven 1993 - JFK The Lover Basic Instinct The Bodyguard A League of Their Own 1992 - Dances with Wolves Awakenings Nikita The Silence of the Lambs Terminator 2 : Judgment Day 1991 - Field of Dreams Die Hard 2 Ghost Cinema Paradiso Total Recall 1990 - Die Hard Black Rain Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade Major League Rain Man 1989 - The Last Emperor Fatal Attraction Full Metal Jacket Moonstruck Wall Street 1988 - Platoon Hannah and Her Sisters Stand By Me Top Gun The Untouchables 1987 - Back to the Future Aliens A Chorus Line The Color Purple Out of Africa 1986 - Amadeus The Cotton Club The Killing Fields A Passage to India Witness 1985 - Once Upon a Time in America Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom The Natural The Right Stuff Terms of Endearment 1984 - An Officer and a Gentleman The Woman Next DoorFlashdanceGandhiSophie 's Choice1983 - E.T. the Extra-TerrestrialDas BootChariots of FireOn Golden PondRocky III1982 - Die BlechtrommelBeing ThereThe Elephant ManOrdinary PeopleLes Uns et les Autres1981 - Kramer vs. KramerAll That JazzApocalypse NowManhattanTess1980 - The Deer HunterThe Tree of Wooden ClogsBig WednesdayThe ChampThe Travelling Players1979 - Conversation PieceClose Encounters of the Third KindThe Goodbye GirlStar Wars Episode IV : A New HopeThe Turning Point1978 - RockyThe Fire WithinNetworkSlap ShotVoyage of the Damned ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15de4fea6d1defb9167a6e11108320bb", "text": "Cinema of India The cinema of India consists of films produced across India . Cinema as a medium has gained immense popularity in the country and as many as 1,600 films in various languages of India are produced annually . Indian films have also come to be followed throughout South Asia , the Greater Middle East , Southeast Asia and other countries . Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the `` father of Indian cinema '' . The Dadasaheb Phalke Award , for lifetime contribution to cinema , was instituted in his honour , by the Government of India in 1969 , and is the most prestigious and coveted award in Indian cinema . In the 20th century , Indian cinema , along with the Hollywood and Chinese film industries , became a global enterprise . As of 2013 , in terms of annual film output , India ranks first , followed by Nollywood , Hollywood and China . In 2012 , India produced 1,602 feature films . The Indian film industry reached overall revenues of $ 1.86 billion ( 93 billion ) in 2011 . This is projected to rise to $ 3 billion ( 200 billion ) in 2016 . In 2015 , India had a total box office gross of , the fourth largest in the world outside North America . Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product , altering the manner in which content reached the target audience . Biopics like Dangal and CGI-laden epics like Baahubali emerged as transnational blockbusters grossing over $ 200 million each in early 21st century . Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened . The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country 's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe . The provision of 100 % foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as 20th Century Fox , Sony Pictures , Walt Disney Pictures and Warner Bros. . Indian enterprises such as AVM Productions , Prasad 's Group , Sun Pictures , PVP Cinemas , Zee , UTV , Suresh Productions , Eros Films , Ayngaran International , Pyramid Saimira , Aascar Films and Adlabs also participated in producing and distributing films . Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India . By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the National Stock Exchange of India , making the commercial presence of the medium felt . The South Indian film industry defines the four film cultures of South India as a single entity . They are the Telugu , the Tamil , the Malayalam and the Kannada industries . Although developed independently over a long period , gross exchange of film performers and technicians as well as globalisation helped to shape this new identity . The Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through media such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible . These earnings , accounting for some 12 % of the revenue generated by a mainstream film , contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema , the net worth of which was found to be 1.3 billion in 2000 . Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator with the music rights alone accounting for 4 -- 5 % of the net revenues generated by a film in India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8394dbdb939a626339fc497ded02578e", "text": "Animal Kingdom Animal Kingdom may refer to : Animal or the Kingdom Animalia , a classification of living organisms Animal Kingdom ( horse ) , winner of the 2011 Kentucky Derby Disney 's Animal Kingdom , a theme park at Walt Disney World , Florida , U.S. Animal Kingdom Resort Area , a group of resorts near the theme park In performing arts : The Animal Kingdom , a 1932 play by Philip Barry The Animal Kingdom , a 1932 American comedy-drama film based on the play Animal Kingdom ( film ) , a 2010 Australian crime film Animal Kingdom ( TV series ) , an American television series on TNT inspired by the Australian film Animal Kingdom ( band ) , a UK indie rock band Animal Kingdom , a 2008 album by Baseball Animal Kingdom , a 2010 album by Raptile Animal Kingdom : Let 's Go Ape , a 2013 Belgian-French-Italian CGI-animated film", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26e433214333cdf87506389a4a735aed", "text": "Substitution splice The substitution splice is a cinematic special effect in which film makers achieve an appearance , disappearance , or transformation using a cut . It is sometimes also called the stop trick or the stop motion substitution , although the effect is achieved through film editing rather than by literally stopping the camera . The pioneering French filmmaker Georges Méliès claimed to have accidentally developed substitution splicing while filming street traffic at the Place de l'Opéra in Paris . According to his story , his camera jammed and stopped ; by the time he had solved the difficulty , the traffic had moved on . When the film was screened , a man appeared to change into a woman , and an omnibus seemed to turn into a hearse . No evidence has emerged to support this story , which was probably entirely invented by Méliès . According to the film scholar Jacques Deslandes , it is more likely that Méliès discovered the substitution splice by carefully examining a print of the Edison Manufacturing Company 's 1895 film The Execution of Mary Queen of Scots , in which a primitive version of the trick appears . In any case , the substitution splice was both the first special effect Méliès perfected , and the most important in his body of work . For some time , film theorists mistakenly believed that the camera was actually stopped for the effect , and then restarted ( hence the occasionally used term `` stop trick '' ) . However , later film historians such as Richard Abel and Elizabeth Ezra established that the effect was the result of Méliès 's careful frame matching during the editing process , creating a seamless match cut out of two separately staged shots . Indeed , Méliès often used substitution splicing not as an obvious special effect , but as an inconspicuous editing technique , matching and combining short takes into one apparently seamless longer shot . Substitution splicing could become even more seamless when the film was colored by hand , as many of Méliès 's films were ; the addition of painted color acts as a sleight of hand technique allowing the cuts to pass by unnoticed . The substitution splice was the most popular cinematic special effect in early film fantasies , especially those that evolved from the stage tradition of the féerie . Segundo de Chomón is among the other filmmakers who used substitution splicing to create elaborate fantasy effects . D.W. Griffith 's 1909 film The Curtain Pole , starring Mack Sennett , used substitution splices for comedic effect . The transformations made possible by the substitution splice were so central to early fantasy films that , in France , such films were often described simply as scènes à transformation . This technique is different from the stop motion technique , in which the entire shot is created frame by frame .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f82dd9271bc326c7fa2d15ca874cf7c3", "text": "Son of Kong Son of Kong is a 1933 American Pre-Code adventure monster film produced by RKO Pictures . Directed by Ernest Schoedsack and featuring special effects by Buzz Gibson and Willis O'Brien , the film starred Robert Armstrong , Helen Mack and Frank Reicher . This film is the lesser-known sequel to King Kong , and was released just nine months after its predecessor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f70081d43429ebaf7b74d980ae98df6", "text": "The King Maker The King Maker ( Thai : กบฎท้าวศรีสุดาจันทร์ , or The Rebellion of Queen Sudachan , is a 2005 Thai historical drama film set during the Ayutthaya kingdom . With a storyline that shares many similarities to 2001 's The Legend of Suriyothai , The King Maker 's plot focuses on a Portuguese mercenary ( Gary Stretch ) in the service of the Siamese court . Produced by David Winters , it was the first English-language Thai film production since the 1941 film , King of the White Elephant , produced by Pridi Phanomyong . This was also the first Thai film sold to a `` Major film studio '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93acd151d44d7e51ce7acd9f5d23e30d", "text": "Alan Greenberg (film director) Alan Greenberg ( born October 14 , 1950 in New York City , died January 27 , 2015 in Portland , OR ) was an American film director , screenwriter , photographer and author . Greenberg visited Jamaica from a young age , and was a friend of Bob Marley . Following Marley 's death , Marley 's family asked Greenberg to make a film about Marley . In 1981 , Greenberg filmed Land of Look Behind ( 1982 ) , a documentary film that includes footage of Marley 's funeral as well as scenes filmed in Jamaica 's remote Cockpit Country and the capital city of Kingston . The film ended up being more of a visionary portrait of the Jamaica of that period ( focusing on the Rastafari movement and reggae culture ) than a film primarily about Marley . The film has won considerable critical acclaim , as well as winning the Gold Hugo Award for Best Documentary in the Chicago International Film Festival , the U.S. 's largest film competition . Land of Look Behind has also been honored as the best American documentary film of its era , and the legendary filmmaker Werner Herzog says '' ` Land of Look Behind ' has achieved things never seen before in cinema . '' Greenberg worked closely with Werner Herzog on many projects . He served as a special unit photographer on the films Cape Fear '' by Martin Scorsese ( 1991 ) and 1900 , by Bernardo Bertolucci ( 1976 ) . He also wrote twenty screenplays and three books . His book Heart of Glass , about the making of the 1976 Werner Herzog masterwork of the same name , was called `` The best book on the making of a film ever written '' by Rolling Stone magazine . A new and entirely revised edition of the book , entitled , `` EVERY NIGHT THE TREES DISAPPEAR : Werner Herzog and the Making of ` Heart of Glass ' '' was published in hard cover by the Chicago Review Press . It featured Greenberg 's previously-unpublished photographs , which Herzog called `` strange and beautiful . '' '' In 2012 Greenberg was going to write and produce a film based on his acclaimed screenplay `` Love in Vain '' , a poetic account of the mysterious blues genius Robert Johnson . `` Love in Vain '' was also the first screenplay ever published by a major house ( Doubleday ) as literature . Greenberg 's latest screenplay , `` Tutankhamun - Lord of Two Lands '' , a radically researched vision of the Boy King 's murder intertwined with the intrigue surrounding his tomb 's discovery in 1922 , was to have been produced in 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca22ac7cb718acabc226442ba432625f", "text": "Land of the Blind Land of the Blind is a 2006 British-American black comedy drama film starring Ralph Fiennes , Donald Sutherland , Tom Hollander and Lara Flynn Boyle . Land of the Blind is a dark political satire , based on several incidents throughout history in which tyrannical rulers were overthrown by new leaders who proved to be just as bad , if not worse , and subtle references are made to several such cases . The title is taken from the saying , `` In the land of the blind , the one-eyed man is king . '' Land of the Blind had its world premiere in competition at the International Film Festival Rotterdam , and was the Opening Night Gala film at the 2006 Human Rights Watch Film Festival in London . Its U.S. premiere was in competition at the 2006 Tribeca Film Festival . The film sparked intense reaction during its festival run , attacked by both left and right , each of which saw the film as a critique of its position . Historical references in the film include Jean-Paul Marat ( from the French Revolution ) , Kim Jong-Il , Joseph Stalin , Benito Mussolini , Augusto Pinochet , Anastasio Somoza Debayle , François Duvalier , Rudolph Hess , Jean-Claude Duvalier , Lyndon B. Johnson , Julius Caesar ( from William Shakespeare 's play ) , Robert Mugabe , Ngo Dinh Diem , Idi Amin , the PIRA Maze prison protests , U.S. POWs in Vietnam , the Weathermen terrorist group , the Khmer Rouge , the 1979 Revolution in Iran , and the subsequent Cultural Revolution in that country .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53040061fdf7fdac3017f662f66e4d94", "text": "Kwok Mang Ho Kwok Mang Ho ( born 1947 ) , also known as Frog King , is a multi-media , conceptual , visual and performance artist from Hong Kong . According to Oscar Ho , the former exhibition director of Hong Kong Art Centre , he is one of the pioneers to engage in contemporary art in Hong Kong during the early 70s . His artistic uniqueness is best expressed in his creations `` Frogtopia '' , which takes over the exhibition space with numerous colourful mixed-media installations and graffiti of his signatured frog icon . In addition to his inexhaustible style , Kwok held a solo multimedia art exhibition representing Hong Kong `` Frogtopia-Hongkorucopia '' at the 54th Venice Biennale in 2011 . He is currently the director of the Frog King Museum at Cattle Depot Artist Village since 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "91db97ce629c4218819e79675c99890e", "text": "Mothra vs. Godzilla is a 1964 Japanese science fiction film directed by Ishiro Honda . It is the fourth film in the Godzilla film series and stars Akira Takarada , Kenji Sahara and Hiroshi Koizumi , and Haruo Nakajima as Godzilla . The film had a 200 million yen budget , approximately twice that of the original Godzilla film . On its release in the United States , the film was re-titled Godzilla vs. the Thing with some small edits involving scenes being shortened and a scene involving the American military added .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c252103bcfd5e4a88ba29679fbffed0", "text": "Hidden Track (film) Hidden Track is a film based in Hong Kong with a mixture of Mandarin and Cantonese speakers .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "00ad32f68debb1ff2fdef8edd45c23bd", "text": "Laura Prepon Laura Helene Prepon ( born March 7 , 1980 ) is an American actress , producer , and author . She is known for her role as Donna Pinciotti in all eight seasons of the Fox sitcom That '70s Show ( 1998 -- 2006 ) , and for her role as Alex Vause in the Netflix original comedy-drama series Orange Is the New Black ( 2013 -- present ) . Following That '70s Show , Prepon worked mainly in television . She made her film debut in 2001 with the independent film Southlander . Her other films include the romantic drama Come Early Morning ( 2006 ) , the comedy Lay the Favorite ( 2012 ) , the thriller The Girl on the Train ( 2016 ) , and The Hero ( 2017 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef7c39ed27bf97d8c06e1822b2b75f22", "text": "Alex Vause Alex Vause is a fictional character played by Laura Prepon on the Netflix series Orange Is the New Black . She is a love interest of the protagonist Piper Chapman throughout the series . The character is loosely based on the real ex-girlfriend of Piper Kerman , author of Orange Is the New Black : My Year in a Women 's Prison . She is a main character in seasons one , three , and four and a recurring character in season two .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ea4c519aa43f008e736c4f28ac973900", "text": "Big Little Lies (miniseries) Big Little Lies is an American black comedy-drama HBO miniseries created and written by David E. Kelley , based on the novel of the same name by Liane Moriarty . The series began filming in January 2016 . The miniseries consists of seven episodes , all directed by Jean-Marc Vallée . It premiered on February 19 , 2017 and concluded on April 2 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f4108a8ab78ea60a7856b60320473641", "text": "Laura Lundy Wheale Laura Lundy Wheale ( born June 21 , 1988 ) , known professionally as Laura Lundy , is an American actress , producer and attorney . Born in Birmingham , Alabama and raised in Cedartown , Georgia , Wheale was cast as a lead role in A Larger Life , alongside Fred Thompson . Wheale 's first major motion picture role came in 2016 when she was cast as Patty Lynn in Ang Lee 's Billy Lynn 's Long Halftime Walk . Shortly thereafter , she was cast as a reporter in Clint Eastwood 's Sully , starring Tom Hanks . Wheale graduated from Jacksonville State University with a degree in theatre . While in undergraduate , she played four years of full-scholarship Division 1 NCAA tennis . In 2010 , the team experienced an undefeated season and won the Ohio Valley Conference championship . After undergraduate , Wheale attended the Cumberland School of Law . Additionally , she received training in acting at the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute . Category : American actresses Category : Jacksonville State University alumni Category : Cumberland School of Law alumni Category :1988 births Category : Living people", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ac26344944851b623590def37cdae1f", "text": "Laura Palma Laura Palma is Mexican actress and model . She studied acting in Centro de Formacion Actoral of TV Azteca .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20d98732d8672b137ee6bc8a41cec736", "text": "Laura van den Berg Laura van den Berg is an American writer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aaa0db59809a49e3821d9f9f6b302261", "text": "Yoo Ho-jeong Yoo Ho-jeong ( born January 24 , 1969 ) is a South Korean actress . She made her acting debut in 1991 and has been starring in television and film since . Roles include a divorcee whose husband lives next door in daily drama Definitely Neighbors ( 2010 ) , and the grown-up protagonist in box office hit Sunny ( 2011 ) . In 2013 , Yoo became the host of her first ever variety show , the healthy food and lifestyle program Olive Show on cable channel O'live TV .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4cb62a633721cfc8699b1ffa481a09bc", "text": "Arden Myrin Arden VanAmringe Myrin ( -LSB- məˈriːn -RSB- ) is an American actress and comedian . Arden became a new cast member on Showtime 's Shameless Season 7 , and recently appeared in the world premiere of Steve Martin 's new play Meteor Shower at the Long Wharf Theatre . Her television credits include Orange Is the New Black , Hung , Key & Peele , Inside Amy Schumer , W / Bob and David , Psych , Bones , Fresh Off The Boat , Suburgatory , 2 Broke Girls , Reno 911 ! , and Gilmore Girls among others . Arden will be seen next in the feature film Extracurricular Activities . Myrin has appeared in many films , including the Sundance Films Bachelorette , and Wrong Cops and Wrong both made by Mr. Oizo , as well as Kinsey , Morning Glory , and others . Arden 's theater credits include Robert O'Hara 's Barbecue at The Public Theater in New York City , as well as the premiere of John Ross Bowie 's play about The Ramones Four Chords and A Gun at the Bootleg Theater in Los Angeles . Arden was in the original New York City production of David Mamet 's Boston Marriage at the Public Theater , and appeared in Hay Fever directed by Darko Tresnjak at the Westport Country Playhouse . As a comedian Arden tours across the country and co-hosts a comedy show Tinkle Twins at Meltdown Comics with Dana Gould . Arden appeared on Chelsea Lately over 100 times , and is a regular panelist on @midnight . She was cast member of MadTV for the final four seasons along with Keegan-Michael Key , Jordan Peele , Ike Barinholtz , and Bobby Lee . She has appeared on Late Night with Conan O'Brian , The Howard Stern Show , WTF with Marc Maron , and RuPaul 's Drag Race . Arden is also the host of the Nerdist podcast Will You Accept This Rose ? about The Bachelor/The Bachelorette franchise .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c21ae187c6addcb69a357945512b638", "text": "Mrs. California `` Mrs. California '' is the ninth episode of the eighth season of the American comedy television series The Office , and the show 's 161st episode overall . `` Mrs. California '' aired on NBC in the United States on December 1 , 2011 . The episode was written by consulting producer Dan Greaney , marking his first writing credit for the series , and was directed by Charlie Grandy . The series -- presented as if it were a real documentary -- depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton , Pennsylvania , branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company . In the episode , Robert California ( James Spader ) brings his wife ( Maura Tierney ) into the office for a job , and tells Andy Bernard ( Ed Helms ) behind her back not to give her one . Meanwhile , Dwight Schrute ( Rainn Wilson ) opens a gym in the building and tries to get Darryl Philbin ( Craig Robinson ) to join it . Tierney was brought in to play the role of California 's wife because showrunner Paul Lieberstein stated that he was `` a big fan of hers '' . `` Mrs. California '' received mixed responses from television critics . According to Nielsen Media Research , the episode received 5.74 million viewers and received a 2.9 rating/7 % share among adults between the ages of 18 and 49 , staying even with the ratings from the previous episode , `` Gettysburg '' . The episode also ranked at first in its time slot .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa36bfa05bcece48ad56637014921ac6", "text": "Danielle Lydon Danielle Lydon is a British actress . She has appeared in Bad Girls as Claire Walker , EastEnders as Isla McCulloch , Holby City as Susan Whitaker , A Touch of Frost as WPC Tracy Miller and Casualty as Laura Blakeley . Perhaps her best-known role was playing Susan Bard in Basic Instinct 2 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34e32811d918deb8fe4281398a99a553", "text": "Laura Petela Laura Petela ( born 8 July 1983 ) is a British television actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1bdf9e80f1f58bf13240b2d35eb42534", "text": "Pam Potillo Pamela `` Pam '' Potillo ( born April 30 , 1974 in Trenton , New Jersey ) is an American actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f1f583ec7e857432bc2001bb0929cb9", "text": "Laura San Giacomo Laura San Giacomo ( born November 14 , 1962 ) is an American actress known for playing the role of Maya Gallo on the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me ! , Kit De Luca in the film Pretty Woman , and Cynthia in Sex , Lies , and Videotape as well as other work on television and in films . She played the role of Holly Hunter 's childhood best friend on the TNT crime drama series Saving Grace .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3d4c2fe08421094ed2d6e42f9aa4a9d", "text": "Laura Luz Laura Luz ( born Laura María de la Luz Fernández Jiménez ; May 10 , 1967 ) is a Mexican stage and television actress , born in Mexico City . She first appeared on stage at the age of 11 and her first professional work was in 1983 in the play Las Leandras . Laura has performed in numerous plays , running from comedy to drama , and including musicals . On television , she has performed in such successful programs as : Cachún cachún ra ra ( 1984 -- 1987 ) playing Olimpia . Milagro y magia ( Miracle and Magic , telenovela , 1991 ) Buscando el paraíso ( Looking for Paradise , telenovela 1994 ) In 1998 she was the principal actress of the popular Mexican situation comedy Una familia con Ángel , and in 2000 she participated in the soap opera Todo por amor ; also in 2000 , she debuted as hostess of the morning program Cada Mañana ( Every Morning ) , until she left the show for personal reasons on November 2003 . In 2001 Laura got a very strange illness in her lungs that almost killed her , that is why she created the musical `` Muerte con M de Mujer '' which she presents each November as a tribute to the death . Since 2005 , she 's been the central figure of the radio/television program Falda y pantalón ( Skirt and Pants ) for the channel Radio-Telefórmula .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e5a0949cdeb7243d2f71d035a017888", "text": "Shallon Lester Shallon Nadine Lester is an American author and television personality . She is the central figure in reality show Downtown Girls and blogger for Glamour magazine and a popular video blogger for DoubleAgent.com . In 2008 she published a teen fiction novel , Hot Mess co-written with Slept Away author Julie Kraut . Her second novel , a collection of humor memoirs called Exes and Ohs : A Downtown Girl 's ( Mostly Awkward ) Tales of Love , Lust , Revenge and a Little Facebook Stalking , was released June 7 , 2011 through Random House . She has been a gossip writer for the New York Daily News as well as Associate Editor for FHM magazine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b4bb227e0df2c0fdb24b9f4a09c2f4d9", "text": "List of The Mysteries of Laura episodes The Mysteries of Laura is an American police procedural comedy-drama television series developed by Jeff Rake and executive-produced Greg Berlanti and McG . The series premiered on September 17 , 2014 , on NBC . The Mysteries of Laura stars Debra Messing in the lead role of Detective Laura Diamond , a New York City homicide detective who balances her day job with off-duty hours as a single mother of two unruly sons . On May 8 , 2015 , The Mysteries of Laura was renewed for a second season of 13 episodes , which premiered on September 23 , 2015 . On November 9 , 2015 , NBC ordered three additional episodes for the second season . On May 14 , 2016 , NBC canceled the show after two seasons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "736902b8ab6ca3c03a4b03e838e68dcf", "text": "Robinne Lee Robinne Lee ( born July 16 , 1974 ) is an American actress and author . She made her screen debut in the 1997 independent film Hav Plenty , and later has appeared in films National Security ( 2003 ) , Deliver Us from Eva ( 2003 ) , Hitch ( 2005 ) , Seven Pounds ( 2008 ) , Fifty Shades Darker ( 2017 ) , and the upcoming Fifty Shades Freed . Her first novel will be released by St Martin 's Press in June 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab182677094177a6b0078955640f1438", "text": "Lyndon Smith Lyndon Smith ( born June 7 , 1989 ) is an American actress . She is known for her roles as Natalie on the NBC drama series Parenthood , and as Dierdre on the TNT police drama series , Public Morals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24db778ec613ab56f8e3c3be40725365", "text": "Laura Palmer Laura Palmer is a fictional character in the Twin Peaks franchise . She is portrayed by Sheryl Lee and was created by the series creators David Lynch and Mark Frost . She first appears in the ABC original series Twin Peaks . A high school student whose death is the catalyst for the events of the series , Palmer is the protagonist in Lynch 's prequel films Fire Walk With Me ( 1992 ) and The Missing Pieces ( 2014 ) , which both depict the final week of her life leading up to her murder . Laura also appears in the novels and the 2017 revival series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2588eed0669be562704254155068831b", "text": "Luanne Rice Luanne Rice is the New York Times bestselling American author of 32 novels that have been translated into 24 languages . She often writes about nature and the sea , and many of her novels deal with love and family . She is the author of The Lemon Orchard , Little Night , The Silver Boat and Beach Girls . Born in New Britain , Connecticut , Rice 's first published poem appeared in the Hartford Courant when she was eleven , and her first short story was published in American Girl when she was fifteen . Her debut novel , Angels All Over Town , was published in 1985 . In 2002 , Connecticut College awarded Rice an honorary degree and invited her to donate her papers to the college 's Special Collections Library . She has also received an honorary doctorate of humane letters from St. Joseph College in West Hartford , Conn. . In June 2014 , she received the 2014 Connecticut Governor 's Arts Award in the Literary Arts category for excellence and lifetime achievement as a literary artist . Rice is an avid environmentalist and advocate for families affected by domestic violence . Several of Rice 's novels have been adapted for television , including Crazy in Love for TNT , Blue Moon for CBS , Follow the Stars Home and Silver Bells for the Hallmark Hall of Fame , and Beach Girls for a Summer 2005 mini-series on Lifetime . Rice contributed a monologue to Motherhood Out Loud a play that premiered at Hartford Stage Company and was performed Off-Broadway and at the Geffen Playhouse in Los Angeles . Rice divides her time between New York City , Old Lyme , Connecticut , and Southern California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab3a2030fc240b7a83ecf0d44d862987", "text": "Black Nexxus Black Nexxus is an acting studio run by Susan Batson . It has campuses in Los Angeles , California and New York City , New York .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4df38fab86864ae21c18b3a17f91d3fd", "text": "Game of Life (film) Game of Life ( originally known as Oranges ) is a 2007 film drama starring Tom Sizemore , Tom Arnold , Heather Locklear and Jill Hennessy . The film was not fully released until 2011 , when it was released under the new title Game of Life .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "13161dd454642e01810cccf02946c395", "text": "Perth Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia . It is the fourth-most populous city in Australia , with an estimated population of 2.06 million living in Greater Perth . Perth is part of the South West Land Division of Western Australia , with the majority of the metropolitan area located on the Swan Coastal Plain , a narrow strip between the Indian Ocean and the Darling Scarp . The first areas settled were on the Swan River , with the city 's central business district and port ( Fremantle ) both located on its shores . Perth was founded by Captain James Stirling in 1829 as the administrative centre of the Swan River Colony . It gained city status ( currently vested in the smaller City of Perth ) in 1856 , and was promoted to the status of a Lord Mayorality in 1929 . The city is named after Perth , Scotland , due to the influence of Sir George Murray , Member of Parliament for Perthshire and Secretary of State for War and the Colonies . The city 's population increased substantially as a result of the Western Australian gold rushes in the late 19th century . During Australia 's involvement in World War II , Fremantle served as a base for submarines operating in the Pacific Theatre , and a US Navy Catalina flying boat fleet was based at Matilda Bay . An influx of immigrants after the war , predominantly from Britain , Greece , Italy and Yugoslavia , led to rapid population growth . This was followed by a surge in economic activity flowing from several mining booms in the late 20th and early 21st centuries that saw Perth become the regional headquarters for a number of large mining operations located around the state . As part of Perth 's role as the capital of Western Australia , the state 's Parliament and Supreme Court are located within the city , as is Government House , the residence of the Governor of Western Australia . Perth came seventh in the Economist Intelligence Unit 's August 2016 list of the world 's most liveable cities , and was classified by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network in 2010 as a world city . Perth is divided into 30 local government areas and 250 suburbs , stretching from Two Rocks in the north to Singleton in the south , and east inland to The Lake . Outside of the main CBD , important urban centres within Perth include Armadale , Fremantle , Joondalup , Midland , and Rockingham . Most of those were originally established as separate settlements , and retained a distinct identity after being subsumed into the wider metropolitan area . Mandurah , Western Australia 's second-largest city , has in recent years formed a conurbation with Perth along the coast , though for most purposes it is still considered a separate city .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "706b5dc9684c0f28d2f4e9eb8ee0182e", "text": "Joondalup (suburb) Joondalup is a suburb of Perth , Western Australia , which includes the central business district of the regional city of Joondalup , as well as the council chambers for the City of Joondalup local authority .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c47fa8c2ecc90b6ff65d8ce110ef49e1", "text": "Forrest Highway Forrest Highway is a 95 km highway in Western Australia 's Peel and South West regions , extending Perth 's Kwinana Freeway from east of Mandurah down to Bunbury . Old Coast Road was the original Mandurah -- Bunbury route , dating back to the 1840s . Part of that road , and the Australind Bypass around Australind and Eaton , were subsumed by Forrest Highway . The highway begins at Kwinana Freeway 's southern terminus in Ravenswood , continues around the Peel Inlet to Lake Clifton , and heads south to finish at Bunbury 's Eelup Roundabout . There are a number of at-grade intersections with minor roads in the shires of Murray , Waroona , and Harvey including Greenlands Road and Old Bunbury Road , both of which connect to South Western Highway near Pinjarra . The settlement of Australind by the Western Australian Land Company in 1840 -- 41 prompted the first real need for a good quality road to Perth . A coastal Australind -- Mandurah route was completed by 2 November 1842 . Though the road was rebuilt by convicts in the 1850s , its importance was already declining . With a new road via Pinjarra at the foothills of the Darling Scarp completed in 1876 , and the opening of the Perth − Bunbury railway in 1893 , few people travelled up the old coastal road . In the late 1930s there was a proposal to re-establish the road as a tourist route , which could also reduce traffic on the main road along the foothills , but it was put on hold due to World War II . Improvements to Old Coast Road started in the early 1950s , but with little progress made until 1954 when the Main Roads Department approved # 1000 worth of works . The name `` Old Coast Road '' was formally adopted on 27 January 1959 , and a sealed road was completed in September 1969 . Since the 1980s , the state government has been upgrading the main Perth to Bunbury route , by extending Kwinana Freeway south from Perth , and constructing a dual carriageway on Old Coast Road north of Bunbury , including bypasses around Australind and Dawesville . A bypass was also planned around Mandurah , which underwent detailed environmental reviews and assessments in the 1990s and early 2000s . Construction of the New Perth Bunbury Highway project , which became Forrest Highway and the final Kwinana Freeway extension , began in December 2006 , and the new highway was opened on 20 September 2009 . Within one year of opening , the number of road accidents in the area had decreased significantly , but tourism and businesses in the towns on bypassed routes were also affected . There are few services alongside the highway , although a pair of roadhouses are planned near Greenlands Road . In June 2014 , Forrest Highway was extended south to Bunbury by renaming much of Old Coast Road as well as Australind Bypass as part of the highway .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76b9f52585e2791ea100a3d86a483f1e", "text": "Shire of Perenjori The Shire of Perenjori is a local government area in the Mid West region of Western Australia , about 360 km north of the state capital , Perth . The Shire covers an area of 8313 km2 , and its seat of government is the town of Perenjori .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d89f24d7f2ea4f00a8b4e0710017948", "text": "Canning Dam The Canning Dam and reservoir provide a major fresh water resource for the city of Perth , Western Australia . The dam is situated on the Darling Scarp and is an impoundment of the Canning River . It is noted for its innovative structural and hydraulic design that was considered to be at the forefront of concrete gravity dam design at the time of construction . The Canning Dam was Perth 's primary water supply up until the 1960s when other sources of fresh water were tapped . Currently the dam supplies approximately 20 percent of Perth 's fresh water . Inflow into the Canning Reservoir is estimated to be 22 GL and has a storage capacity of 90352 Ml . Since its completion in 1940 , the Canning Dam has contributed to a wide range of environmental and ecological problems in surrounding regions , problems include more common algal blooms , habitat loss and sedimentation . Despite these issues , Canning Dam and the adjacent parks and forests provide a variety of recreational activities for the public such as bushwalking , historic walks and picnic facilities .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58bf02aae92e7b6d58b5f420a17fdd8c", "text": "Shire of Quairading The Shire of Quairading is a local government area in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia , about 170 km east of the state capital , Perth . The Shire covers an area of 2018 km2 , and its seat of government is the town of Quairading .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71eb2d16996166cb198836eda4a5f579", "text": "City of Albany The City of Albany is a local government area in the Great Southern region of Western Australia , about 410 km south-southeast of Perth , the capital of Western Australia . It covers an area of 4312.3 km2 , including the Greater Albany metropolitan area and the Port of Albany , as well as the surrounding agricultural district and some national parks . The City of Albany had a population of 33,650 at the 2011 census .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6db16358db040727fc288d544a72b89", "text": "Hillman, Western Australia Hillman is an outer southern suburb of Perth , the capital city of Western Australia , located within the City of Rockingham . It is principally a suburb of residential dwellings , and is the location of Hillman Primary School . The suburb was created and named in 1970 after Alfred Hillman , a draftsman , surveyor and explorer , who arrived in Western Australia in 1831 and made many initial surveys in the Rockingham area . On 7 May 2009 , a boundary realignment of Cooloongup and Hillman approved by the Minister for Lands incorporated the Rockingham Train Station into Rockingham . A significant portion of the north and east portions of the suburb is incorporated into Rockingham Lakes Regional Park .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "def83c499b8082bc88bf7b19f1a7b409", "text": "Great Southern (Western Australia) __ NOTOC __ The Great Southern Region is one of the nine regions of Western Australia , as defined by the Regional Development Commissions Act 1993 , for the purposes of economic development . It is a section of the larger South Coast of Western Australia and neighbouring agricultural regions . The region officially comprises the local government areas of Albany , Broomehill-Tambellup , Cranbrook , Denmark , Gnowangerup , Jerramungup , Katanning , Kent , Kojonup , Plantagenet and Woodanilling . The Great Southern Region has an area of 39007 km2 and a population of about 54,000 . Its administrative centre is the historic port of Albany . It has a Mediterranean climate , with hot , dry summers and cool , wet winters . The economy of the Great Southern Region is dominated by livestock farming and crop-growing . It has some of the most productive cereal grain and pastoral land in the state , and is a major producer of wool and lamb . Albany is a major fishing centre . The coast of the Great Southern Region has milder summer weather than areas on the west coast proper and is also a popular destination for holidaymakers , tourists , anglers and surfers . Albany is home to the Kalgan River which is associated with riverboats , from 1918 to 1935 with the Silver Star which lowered its funnel to get under a bridge , and today with the Kalgan Queen which lowers its roof to pass beneath the same bridge . Noongar people have inhabited the region for tens of thousands of years . European settlement began with the establishment of a temporary British military base , commanded by Major Edmund Lockyer , at King George Sound ( Albany ) on Christmas Day , 1826 . Albany is consequently regarded as the oldest European settlement in Western Australia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "518e93c2dc3f00830b57ae4b4977c37b", "text": "Transport in South Australia Transport in South Australia is provided by a mix of road , rail , sea and air transport . The capital city of Adelaide is the centre to transport in the state . With its population of 1.1 million people , it has the majority of the state 's 1.6 million inhabitants . Adelaide has the state 's major airport and sea port . Road transport is predominant in the state . Its extensive road network connect the state 's regional centres and other towns , few of which have populations greater than 10,000 . Private cars are a dominant form of transport throughout . Adelaide is an isolated city with Melbourne , the nearest city , being 800 km away . This makes air transport important form of travel to other cities . The state is a land transport hub between the eastern states of Australia , Western Australia and the Northern Territory . The town of Port Augusta at the top of the Spencer Gulf is the only railway link , and one of only two sealed road links from the eastern states . Most major surface freight passes through this town .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17ee9c30b073bccfc8b0ce94949f4f3d", "text": "North Perth North Perth may refer to : North Perth , Ontario , Canada North Perth , Western Australia", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e51b40019bd2502fe5332b528c571680", "text": "Government House, Perth Government House is the official residence of the Governor of Western Australia , situated in the central business district of Perth , the state capital . It was built between 1859 and 1864 , in the Jacobean Revival style . Government House is located on St Georges Terrace ( Perth 's main thoroughfare ) , sitting on the same block as Council House and the Supreme Court buildings . The site has been used by governors since the establishment of the Swan River Colony in 1829 , with the current structure built to replace an existing wooden building . The buildings and gardens of Government House are of exceptional heritage significance , being listed on the Western Australian Register of Heritage Places and classified by the National Trust . They are regularly opened for public viewing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1296a5121871d65a4fb4389c0d5afdd6", "text": "Dumas House Dumas House is a fourteen storey office building constructed in Perth , Western Australia during the 1960s . The building is located close to St Georges Terrace , Kings Park , and Parliament House . Dumas House was part of the 1955 plan to centralise all WA Government departments near Parliament House , based on the Stephenson-Hepburn Report . Several such plans had been proposed since the late 1920s , but post-World War II State finances and resources were unable to support the proposals . Public Works Department architects G. Finn , E. Van Mens and P. Maidment won a national competition to design the five office buildings that would house the departments . Dumas House was completed in 1965 , and was the only building constructed on the site out of the five planned . Originally called ` Government Building ' , Dumas House was opened by Premier David Brand on 4 March 1966 . Brand 's speech at the opening focused on the building 's importance to the State : It is a big building , and I think a handsome one . But this is not the important point at today 's ceremony . As I see it , this building is important not only because it provides essential office accommodation of a good standard essential for workers but because it is a symbol of a great era of progress for Western Australia . It is one of the signs of the beginning of a new age of development - aided by science , aided by an unprecedented inflow of capital funds , aided by great enthusiasm for the harnessing of our enormous resources and spurred on by the enterprise of thousands of people , partnerships , groups and companies from one end of the State to the other . I believe history will look back on the ` sixties as one of the landmarks in the story of our State . In 1968 , the State government scrapped its plans for five office buildings on the site for two reasons : increased traffic caused by the first building was such that the traffic for five buildings would have been unbearable , and politicians believed that five buildings on such a prominent site would give the appearance of ` dominance by the bureaucracy - a `` big brother '' complex . ' The building was named ` Dumas House ' in February 1978 , in honour of Sir Russell Dumas , who was the Director of Works and Buildings for the Public Works Department between 1941 and 1953 . Dumas House is an example of the Post-War International style of architecture , with a modular grid building plan , glazed panelling and an open piazza . The International style was adapted for Australian conditions by adding horizontal slabs that project from the sides of the building and provide shade . The building 's construction , including fittings , cost $ 4,900,000 . The building is owned by the Department of Housing and Works of the Government of Western Australia . In 1985 , consideration was given to the presence of asbestos in the construction of the building . Extensive refurbishment of the building 's interior was undertaken in 2012 , and façade restoration works in 2015-2016 . The Perth weather radar used to be housed on its roof .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44e5c886328a26bc9d4fc1d486527ba4", "text": "Western Australian state election, 1911 Elections were held in the state of Western Australia on 3 October 1911 to elect 50 members to the Western Australian Legislative Assembly . The Labor Party , led by Opposition Leader John Scaddan , defeated the conservative Ministerialist government led by Premier Frank Wilson . In doing so , Scaddan achieved both Labor 's first absolute majority on the floor of the Assembly with 68 % of the seats ( 34 of 50 ) won , and its largest to date . The result came as something of a surprise to many commentators and particularly to the Ministerialists , as they went to an election for the first time as a single grouping backed by John Forrest 's Western Australian Liberal League , under a new system of compulsory preferential voting and new electoral boundaries both of which had been passed by Parliament earlier in the year despite ardent Labor opposition . The 1911 election is considered by political historians such as Brian de Garis and David Black to mark the end of the first phase of the development of party politics in Western Australia , which had begun with the granting of responsible government to the then British colony in 1890 . Labor held onto government with a one-seat majority in the following 1914 election but lost power in 1916 after losing a by-election and after another member left the Labor Party to sit as an Independent . The Scaddan government was characterised by its involvement in a number of State-owned manufacturing and service businesses on the back of a relatively sluggish economy . The Government Trading Concerns Act 1912 saw it establishing and running the State Brickworks , the State Saw Mills , the State Implement Works , the State Shipping Service , the State Hotels , the State Quarry at Boya as well as meatworks , ferries and tramways .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09df016a2a047e37069f53f0f2cbbffd", "text": "List of mayors of Fremantle Fremantle , Western Australia was initially incorporated as a Town Trust with limited powers on 17 April 1848 . The Municipal Institutions Act 1871 empanelled the Town Council with a Mayor , and it was made a Municipal Council in 1883 . On 3 June 1929 , Fremantle was declared a city -- Western Australia 's second after Perth , which was declared in 1856 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "69698123e0d14c061f8513b7a09c1013", "text": "Neerabup, Western Australia Neerabup is a rural locality in Perth , the capital of Western Australia within the local government area of the City of Wanneroo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4874ee0f409824a5394ffd019f639206", "text": "City of Bunbury The City of Bunbury is a local government area in the South West region of Western Australia , covering an area of 65.7 km2 along the coast about 180 km south of Perth , the capital of Western Australia . The City of Bunbury is one of four local governments comprising the Greater Bunbury sub-region . As at 30 June 2010 , the City of Bunbury had an estimated population of 34,626 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7463500e834387b8c395bc7415d511a", "text": "Western Australian state election, 1943 Elections were held in the state of Western Australia on 20 November 1943 to elect all 50 members to the Legislative Assembly . The Labor Party , led by Premier John Willcock , won a fourth term in office against the Country and Nationalist parties , led by Opposition Leader Arthur Watts and Robert Ross McDonald respectively . The election took place in the midst of World War II , and as such , turnout was considerably down on the previous election . The election was delayed from its intended date of February 1942 by the Legislative Assembly Duration and General Election Postponement Acts ( No 51 of 1941 , assented 16 January 1942 , and No 18 of 1942 , assented 9 December 1942 ) due to the war . In the previous term , two changes of membership occurred at by-elections . George Lambert , the Labor member for Yilgarn-Coolgardie , died on 30 June 1941 and was replaced by former Labor branch secretary Lionel Kelly , running under the `` Independent Country '' banner . He ultimately joined the Labor Party and became a minister in the Bert Hawke government in the 1950s . In 1943 , long-serving and colourful independent Thomas Hughes resigned his seat of East Perth to contest the federal seat of Perth . It was picked up by Labor 's Herb Graham . Prior to the election , former Independent Nationalist Arthur Abbott joined the Nationalist Party .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3b2a5393e33111e276c476b19798cf7", "text": "Anglican Diocese of Perth The Anglican Diocese of Perth is one of the 23 dioceses of the Anglican Church of Australia . The constitution of the Diocese of Perth was passed and adopted in 1872 at the first synod held in Western Australia . In 1914 , the Province of Western Australia was created and the diocesan bishop became ex officio metropolitan bishop of the new province and therefore also an archbishop . The diocese incorporates the southern part of the state of Western Australia and includes the Christmas and Cocos Islands . The other dioceses in the Anglican Province of Western Australia are the Diocese of Bunbury and the Diocese of North West Australia . The diocese has traditionally had a variety of churchmanship and in recent years has largely moved toward a more liberal and moderate Catholic style . There are , however , parishes and clergy representative of all the main Anglican traditions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d41228bf6dd4508dd5f4c111ba9641e", "text": "Melaleuca, Western Australia Melaleuca is a suburb of Perth , Western Australia , located in the City of Swan local government area .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81a3c3c81b9a62ab97c46278ada16f73", "text": "Forrest Chase Forrest Chase is a major shopping centre in Forrest Place located in Perth , Western Australia .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "2d28c350f5b9b4085a145ecdd3c0fb2f", "text": "South America South America is a continent located in the western hemisphere , mostly in the southern hemisphere , with a relatively small portion in the northern hemisphere . It may also be considered a subcontinent of the Americas , which is the model used in nations that speak Romance languages . The reference to South America instead of other regions ( like Latin America or the Southern Cone ) has increased in the last decades due to changing geopolitical dynamics ( in particular , the rise of Brazil ) . It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean ; North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the northwest . It includes twelve sovereign states ( Argentina , Bolivia , Brazil , Chile , Colombia , Ecuador , Guyana , Paraguay , Peru , Suriname , Uruguay , and Venezuela ) , a part of France ( French Guiana ) , and a non-sovereign area ( the Falkland Islands , a British Overseas Territory though this is disputed by Argentina ) . In addition to this , the ABC islands of the Kingdom of the Netherlands , Trinidad and Tobago , and Panama may also be considered part of South America . South America has an area of 17,840,000 square kilometers ( 6,890,000 sq mi ) . Its population has been estimated at more than 371,090,000 . South America ranks fourth in area ( after Asia , Africa , and North America ) and fifth in population ( after Asia , Africa , Europe , and North America ) . Brazil is by far the most populous South American country , with more than half of the continent 's population , followed by Colombia , Argentina , Venezuela and Peru . In recent decades Brazil has also concentrated half of the region 's GDP and has become a first regional power . Most of the population lives near the continent 's western or eastern coasts while the interior and the far south are sparsely populated . The geography of western South America is dominated by the Andes mountains ; in contrast , the eastern part contains both highland regions and large lowlands where rivers such as the Amazon , Orinoco , and Paraná flow . Most of the continent lies in the tropics . The continent 's cultural and ethnic outlook has its origin with the interaction of indigenous peoples with European conquerors and immigrants and , more locally , with African slaves . Given a long history of colonialism , the overwhelming majority of South Americans speak Portuguese or Spanish , and societies and states commonly reflect Western traditions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a6d1990e914ab4d1804a1d4a11cd055", "text": "Amazon River The Amazon River , usually abbreviated to Amazon ( -LSB- ˈæməzɒn -RSB- or -LSB- ˈæməzən -RSB- Spanish and Amazonas ) , in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world and according to some authors , the longest in length . The headwaters of the Apurímac River on Nevado Mismi had been considered for nearly a century as the Amazon 's most distant source , until a 2014 study found it to be the Cordillera Rumi Cruz at the headwaters of the Mantaro River in Peru . The Mantaro and Apurímac confluence , and with other tributaries form the Ucayali River , which in turn confluences with the Marañón River upstream of Iquitos , Peru , to form what countries other than Brazil consider to be the main stem of the Amazon . Brazilians call this section the Solimões River above its confluence with the Rio Negro to form what Brazilians call the Amazon at the Meeting of Waters ( Encontro das Águas ) at Manaus , the river 's largest city . At an average discharge of about 209000 m3/s -- approximately 6591 km3/a , greater than the next seven largest independent rivers combined -- the Amazon represents 20 % of the global riverine discharge to the ocean . The Amazon basin is the largest drainage basin in the world , with an area of approximately 7050000 km2 . The portion of the river 's drainage basin in Brazil alone is larger than any other river 's basin . The Amazon enters Brazil with only one-fifth of the flow it finally discharges into the Atlantic Ocean , yet already has a greater flow at this point than the discharge of any other river .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "51802ea2dd8315259856dae72648587a", "text": "Humboldt Current The Humboldt Current System ( HCS ) , also called the Peru Current , is a major Eastern Boundary Upwelling Ecosystem that flows north along the western coast of South America . It is an eastern boundary current flowing in the direction of the equator , and extend 500-1 ,000 kilometers offshore . The Humboldt Current is named after the Prussian naturalist Alexander von Humboldt . In 1846 , von Humboldt reported measurements of the cold-water current in his book Cosmos . The current extends from the southern Chile ( ~ 45 'S ) to northern Peru ( ~ 4 'S ) where cold , upwelled waters intersect warm tropical waters to form the Equatorial Front . Sea surface temperatures off the coast of Peru , around 5 'S , reach temperatures as low as 16 ' C . This is highly uncharacteristic of tropical waters , as most other regions have temperatures measuring above 25 ' C. Upwelling brings nutrients to the surface , which support phytoplankton and ultimately increase biological productivity . Upwelling within the current is not uniform across the entire system . Three notable upwelling subsystems are produced by this current : i ) seasonal upwelling in Chile , ii ) upwelling `` shadow '' that is less productive , but still large in northern Chile and Southern Peru , and iii ) year-round upwelling in Peru . The Humboldt Current is considered a Class I , highly productive ( > 300 gC/m2-yr ) , ecosystem . It is the most productive eastern boundary current system . It accounts for roughly 18-20 % of the total worldwide marine fish catch . The species are mostly pelagic : sardines , anchovies and jack mackerel . The system 's high productivity supports other important fishery resources as well as marine mammals ( eared seals and cetaceans ) and seabirds . The cold , nutrient-rich water brought to the surface by upwelling drives the system 's extraordinary productivity.Periodically , the upwelling that drives the system 's productivity is disrupted by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation ( ENSO ) event . When this occurs , fish abundance and distribution are significantly affected , often leading to stock crashes and cascading social and economic impacts . These events have led to sequential changes , where sardines and anchovies have replaced each other periodically as the dominant species in the ecosystem . These species changes can have negative consequences for the fishing industry and the economies of the countries that fish the system . The Humboldt has a considerable cooling influence on the climate of Chile , Peru and Ecuador . It is also largely responsible for the aridity of Atacama Desert in northern Chile and coastal areas of Peru and also of the aridity of southern Ecuador . Marine air is cooled by the current and thus is not conducive to generating precipitation ( although clouds and fog are produced ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ec9507f703484167de2ac71ac9ada78", "text": "Mapinguari National Park Mapinguari National Park ( Parque Nacional Mapinguari ) is a national park in the states of Rondônia and Amazonas , Brazil . It covers a large area of Amazon rainforest . The boundaries have been adjusted several times .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f67812d6a026a9830ed49cd06a0b5f53", "text": "Paulistas Paulistas are the inhabitants of the state of São Paulo , Brazil , and of its antecessor the Capitaincy of São Vicente , whose capital early shifted from the village of São Vicente to the one of São Paulo dos Campos de Piratininga . The early population of São Paulo consisted mainly of indigenous Amerindian with few Portuguese settlers . The Portuguese settlements were small . As the Bandeirantes gained power and the vice-kingdom of Brazil developed , the Portuguese element predominated in the population , the Indians being either absorbed or killed . But the province of São Paulo , enlarged by the Bandeiras to include Mato Grosso , Goiás , Paraná and Santa Catarina , remained undeveloped , having neither the gold of Minas Gerais nor the sugar cane of Pernambuco . As a consequence , it did not receive the same influx of black slaves during the 16th and 17th centuries as the more prosperous provinces of Brazil . Nevertheless , the number of black slaves increased substantially in São Paulo during the Brazilian Empire , as the slave traffic reached its peak during the first half of the 19th century . After the abolition of the international slave trade in 1850 , many more slaves were transferred from declining regions of Brazil ( such as the Northeast ) to work in coffee plantations . The economic development of São Paulo only really took off with the founding of coffee plantations in the nineteenth century . Those coffee plantations were manned , from the beginning , by slaves , and remained so during most of the 19th century . Not even the abolition of the transatlantic trade changed this , with the coffee barons resorting to the import of slaves from the Northeastern and Southern regions . Both the coffee planters and the Brazilian government , however , were aware that the abolition of slavery could be postponed but not avoided at all ; as a result , a few experiments in immigration were tried during this period , and some ideas were discussed , including the immigration of Chinese workers . Only in the 1880s , however , did immigration start in earnest . From then on , immigration was the solution adopted to what was seen as a labour shortage , and Italian and Spanish immigrants made the bulk of the workers brought to coffee plantations ; the reasons why ex-slaves were not employed , or were only marginally employed , are unclear and subject to debate . Much is made of a supposed `` whitening '' ideology , or even `` program '' , but the cold fact is that , when faced with the impossibility of obtaining European manpower , the coffee barons had no qualms about resorting to Japanese immigrants . A curious fact from this period was the immigration of US Southerners moving from a country where slavery had been abolished to one where it still existed . Of course , those were not manual workers and did n't come to work in coffee plantations . The wealth produced by coffee culture eventually sparked urbanisation and industrialisation ; the growing urban environment attracted even more immigrants , especially Armenians and other Europeans , Syrians and Lebanese . Later , as the foreign immigration declined , a strong chain of internal migration from the Brazilian Northeast developed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49071390969a23d6c7b64e5646ef95c6", "text": "Uruá River Uruá River is a river of Amazonas state in north-western Brazil . The river is located between the Negro River and the Amazon River . The river has been tested for populations of giant otter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7eafdf279b21f27a50fe329aff9c51ea", "text": "National Parks in the Chaco, Paraguay The great American Chaco is a plain of about 1.000.000 km2 . It covers parts of Bolivia , Paraguay , Brazil and Argentina . It is a region with its own characteristics , which has very particular types of animals and plants . The Great South American Chaco is a plain and its formation , millions of years ago , is very closely related to the formation of the Andes and the erosive process afterwards . Originally the Chaco was a hole , which within time , was filled with sediments of aerial origin ( through the wind action ) and of pluvial nature ( through the rivers taking and depositing sediments along the Chaco ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b19996e28c951678d783359c7ec9b74", "text": "Río Negro (Central America) Río Negro ( -LSB- ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo -RSB- ) is a river that divides the countries of Honduras and Nicaragua along the Pacific coast . Its path was substantially altered by Hurricane Mitch in October 1998 . It mostly runs through a very undeveloped jungle region of the 2 countries . Category : Rivers of Honduras Category : Rivers of Nicaragua", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca6f5f2929c7c856b323237be1a8b735", "text": "South Region, Brazil The South Region of Brazil ( Região Sul do Brasil ) is one of the five regions of Brazil . It includes the states of Paraná , Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul and covers 576,409.6 km2 , being the smallest portion of the country , occupying only about 6.76 % of the territory of Brazil . Its whole area is smaller than that of the state of Minas Gerais , in Southeast Brazil , for example . It is a great tourist , economic and cultural pole . It borders Uruguay , Argentina , and Paraguay as well as the Centre-West Region , the Southeast Region and the Atlantic Ocean .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73052663377d9a4c9c89ba6eb2e882e6", "text": "List of longest rivers of the United States (by main stem) The main stems of 38 rivers in the United States are at least 500 mi long . The main stem is `` the primary downstream segment of a river , as contrasted to its tributaries '' . The United States Geological Survey ( USGS ) defines a main-stem segment by listing coordinates for its two end points , called the source and the mouth . Well-known rivers like the Atchafalaya , Willamette , and Susquehanna are not included in this list because their main stems are shorter than 500 miles . Seven rivers in this list cross or form international boundaries . Two -- the Yukon and Columbia rivers -- begin in Canada and flow into the United States . Three -- the Milk and Saint Lawrence rivers and the Red River of the North -- begin in the United States and flow into Canada . Of these , only the Milk River crosses the international border twice , leaving and then re-entering the United States . Two rivers , the Colorado and the Rio Grande , begin in the United States and flow into or form a border with Mexico . In addition , the drainage basins of the Mississippi and Missouri rivers extend into Canada , and the basin of the Gila River extends into Mexico . Sources report hydrological quantities with varied precision . Biologist and author Ruth Patrick , describing a table of high-discharge U.S. rivers , wrote that data on discharge , drainage area , and length varied widely among authors whose works she consulted . `` It seems , '' she said , `` that the wisest course is to regard data tables such as the present one as showing the general ranks of rivers , and not to place too much importance on minor ( 10 -- 20 % ) differences in figures . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0830dbdaddf132f3e38d7eedef9e2e33", "text": "Continental Divide of the Americas The Continental Divide of the Americas ( also known as the Great Divide , the Continental Gulf of Division , or merely the Continental Divide ) is the principal , and largely mountainous , hydrological divide of the Americas . The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan , and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from ( 1 ) those river systems that drain into the Atlantic Ocean ( including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea ) , and ( 2 ) along the northernmost reaches of the Divide , those river systems that drain into the Arctic Ocean . Though there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas , the Great Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes , at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1238f76abf033ee5f165f3bc8b9adfd", "text": "List of butterflies of the Amazon River basin and the Andes This is a list of butterflies of the Amazon River basin and the Andes . The Amazon River basin may be the most speciose region for butterflies . Nine countries have territory in the Amazon River basin or immediately adjoin this region : Brazil , Bolivia , Peru , Ecuador , Colombia , Venezuela , Guyana , Suriname , and French Guiana . The Andes extends from north to south through seven South American countries : Venezuela , Colombia , Ecuador , Peru , Bolivia , Chile , and Argentina . The fauna of the Andes is also diverse . Both regions have many endemic species . South America as a whole constitutes the Neotropical realm . Habitats in these two regions are very various and include Amazon rainforest , Atlantic forest , Los Llanos grasslands , Puna grassland and Valdivian temperate rain forest . Peru east of the Andes is regarded as the most important biodiversity hotspot in the world . The two regions ( Amazon and Andes ) are South America proper excluding the pampas plains of Uruguay and Paraguay which have a distinct butterfly fauna . Isolation has led to the evolution of endemic higher taxa . Instances are Ithomiinae , Dismorphiinae , Phyciodina , Pyrrhopygini , Eumaeini ( over 1,000 species ) , Pronophilina and Eudaminae . Endemic genera ( among very many ) include Morpho , Agrias , Prepona Caligo , Cithaerias , Catagramma , Parides , Hamadryas , Nessaea , Marpesia , Melanis Mesosemia , Symmachia , Evenus , Memphis , Pierella , and Astraptes . Other higher taxa are most speciose in the Neotropics , for instance Riodininae . Many species , notably Heliconius , are members of complex mimicry rings . Adaptive radiation has led to many species being geographically diverse . Examples are Consul fabius and Mechanitis lysimnia . Notable entomologists associated with Neotropical butterflies are Jean Baptiste Godart , Henry Walter Bates , William Chapman Hewitson , Hans Fruhstorfer , Otto Staudinger , Karl Jordan and Walter Rothschild , Anton Fassl , Hermann Burmeister , William Schaus , Eugène Le Moult , Richard Haensch , Gustav Weymer , Ferdinand Heinrich Hermann Strecker , Andrey Avinoff , Carlos Berg , and Vladimir Nabokov .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f37f3fb70965662aa62302eb80989c8", "text": "Paragua River The Paragua River is a river of Venezuela . It is part of the Orinoco River basin . It is the largest tributary of the Caroní River . The river drains the Guayanan Highlands moist forests ecoregion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "538dbce7ad3d7338594841e687e93133", "text": "Rio Grande (Dois Rios) Rio Grande ( Portuguese for `` great river '' ) is a river of Rio de Janeiro state in southeastern Brazil .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a699f6127d3753a5b67973b7bcdaaea9", "text": "French Guiana French Guiana ( pronounced -LSB- giːˈɑːnə -RSB- or -LSB- giːˈænə -RSB- , Guyane française -LSB- ɡɥijan fʁɑ̃sɛz -RSB- ) , officially called Guiana ( Guyane ) , is an overseas department and region of France , located on the north Atlantic coast of South America in the Guyanas . It borders Brazil to the east and south , and Suriname to the west . Its 83,534 km2 area has a very low population density of only 3 inhabitants per km2 , with half of its 244,118 inhabitants in 2013 living in the metropolitan area of Cayenne , its capital . By land area , it is the second largest region of France and the largest outermost region within the European Union . Both the region and the department have been ruled since December 2015 by a single assembly within the framework of a new territorial collectivity , the French Guiana Territorial Collectivity ( French : collectivité territoriale de Guyane ) . This assembly , the French Guiana Assembly ( French : assemblée de Guyane ) , has replaced the former regional council and departmental council , which were both disbanded . The French Guiana Assembly is in charge of regional and departmental government . Its president is Rodolphe Alexandre . The area was originally inhabited by Native Americans . The first French establishment is recorded in 1503 but the French presence did n't really become durable until 1643 and the foundation of Cayenne . Guiana then became a slave colony and saw its population increase until the official abolition of slavery at the time of the French revolution . Guiana temporarily became a French department in 1797 but was gradually transformed into a penal colony with the establishment of a network of camps and penitentiaries spread over the coast where prisoners were sentenced to forced labor . During World War II , the Guianan Félix Éboué was one of the first to stand behind General de Gaulle as early as June 18 , 1940 . Guiana officially rallied Free France in 1943 . It definitively abandoned its status as a colony and became again a French department in 1946 . De Gaulle , who became president , decided to establish the Guiana Space Center in 1965 . It is now operated by the CNES , Arianespace and the European Space Agency ( ESA ) . Several thousand Hmong refugees from Laos migrated to French Guiana in the late 1970s and early 1980s . Nowadays fully integrated in the French central state , Guiana is a part of the European Union , and its official currency is the euro . The region is the most prosperous territory in South America with the highest GDP per capita . A large part of Guiana 's economy derives from the presence of the Guiana Space Centre , now the European Space Agency 's primary launch site near the equator . As elsewhere in France , the official language is French , but each ethnic community has its own language , of which Guianan Creole is the most widely spoken .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf2b045b7fa187c45c03da7c7902e09f", "text": "National park (Brazil) National Parks ( Parques nacionais ) are a legally-defined type of protected area of Brazil . The first parks were created in the 1930s , and other parks were gradually added , typically protecting a natural monument such as a waterfall or gorge near to a coastal population centre . At least two early parks were later submerged by hydroelectric reservoirs . The first park in the Amazon rainforest was inaugurated in 1974 . Today the national parks cover a huge area , particularly in the Amazon . However , many of them suffer from outstanding claims for compensation from former owners or users of the land , and many lack the management plans , physical infrastructure and personnel needed to support public visits . The responsible government agency does not have the capacity to provide services such as food and drink , souvenir sales and guided tours , and bureaucracy has delayed letting the private sector bid on providing such services .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e9c1fb6819cc0f9450f2122bf26232f9", "text": "Manacapuru River Manacapuru River is a river of Amazonas state in north-western Brazil . It flows into the Amazon River ( Solimões section ) at the city of Manacapuru , about 80 km upstream ( west ) from Manaus . Parts of the river are very broad , appearing as elongated lakes , with the uppermost known as Lago Grande de Manacapuru ( `` Large Manacapuru Lake '' ) and the lowermost , near where it merges into the Amazon , as Lago Manacapuru ( `` Lake Manacapuru '' ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "897e891aa53a3ce663a255a794dbb824", "text": "Name of Brazil The name Brazil is a shortened from of Terra do Brasil , land of Brazil , a reference to brazilwood , given in the early 16th century to the territories leased to the merchant consortium led by Fernão de Loronha for commercial exploitation of brazilwood for the production of wood dyes for the European textile industry . The term for the brazilwood tree in Portuguese , pau-brasil , is derived from brasa ( ember ) , a reference to the colour , formed from medieval Latin brasa , from Old French brese , `` ember , glowing charcoal '' , in turn from a West Germanic * brasa ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f82b33091284fae4896eecb723feb066", "text": "Lauca River The Lauca River is a binational river . It originates in the Chilean Altiplano of the Arica and Parinacota Region , crosses the Andes and empties into Coipasa Lake in Bolivia . The upper reach of the river lies within the boundaries of Lauca National Park in the Parinacota Province . Lauca River receives waters from a group of lakes known as Quta Qutani through the Desaguadero River . In this area there is a type of marsh known as Parinacota wetlands , in which converge several streams , being the more important the river just mentioned , which has a variable flow rate ranging from 100 to 560 l/s , and an average of 260 l/s . From its source in the Parinacota wetlands the river flows west . The spurs of the Cordillera Central ( also known as Chapiquiña ) form an obstacle impossible to pass through , forcing the river 's course southward . In the vicinity of Wallatiri volcano , the Lauca turns again , now eastward crossing from Chile into Bolivia at the latitude of Macaya , at an elevation of 3,892 m asl and with a flow rate about 2,6 m ³ / s . In Chile the river drains an area of 2,350 km ² . In the Bolivian Altiplano , the Lauca collects the waters of the rivers Sajama and Coipasa , raising its flow rate up to 8 m ³ / s before turning south to empty into Coipasa Lake , close to the salt flat of the same name . During the 1930s , the Chilean government begun to use the hydrical resources of Lauca river for irrigation in the Azapa Valley , generating a complaint from Bolivian government who argued that Chilean authorities were altering the course of an international river . Chile answered that the natural course of the river was not modified , but the works executed were related to the use of waters in the Parinacota wetlands , which not affect the total water flow of the Lauca in its course to Bolivia . The litigation between both countries , started in 1939 , caused diplomatic tension until the 1960s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "86686dee885f99fe25b2f258a5561895", "text": "Life zones of Peru When the Spanish arrived , they divided Peru ( very simplistically ) into three main regions : the coastal region ( 11.6 % of Peru ) , that is bounded by the Pacific Ocean ; the highlands ( 28.1 % of Peru ) , that is located on the Andean Heights , and the jungle , that is located on the Amazonian Jungle ( Climate of Peru ) . But Javier Pulgar Vidal ( es ) , a geographer who studied the biogeographic reality of the Peruvian territory for a long time , proposed the creation of eight Natural Regions . In 1941 , he presented his thesis `` Las Ocho Regiones Naturales del Perú '' at the III General Assembly of the Pan-American Institute of Geography and History . These eight Peruvian regions are : Chala or Coast ( subtropical dry and tropical savanna ) Yungas Fluvial Yunga Loma-Vegetation Quechua Suni or Jalca Puna Janca Rupa - Rupa or Highland Jungle Omagua or Lowland Jungle", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7758f561470cb79a6b012a9bdeb3e658", "text": "List of birds of Brazil Brazil has one of the richest bird diversities in the world . The avifauna of Brazil include a total of 1799 species , of which 231 are endemic . Four have been introduced by humans , 69 are rare or accidental , and four are extinct or extirpated . An additional 24 species are hypothetical ( see below ) . Brazil hosts about 60 % of the bird species recorded for all of South America . These numbers are still increasing almost every year , due to new occurrences , new species being described , or splits of existing species . About 10 % of the bird species found in Brazil are , nonetheless , threatened . In June 2013 a simultaneous discovery of fifteen bird species in Brazil was announced , the first such since 1871 , when August von Pelzeln described forty new species . The birds were from the families Corvidae , Thamnophilidae , Dendrocolaptidae , Tyrannidae , and Polioptilidae . Eleven of the new species are endemics of Brazil and four also inhabit Peru and Bolivia . This list 's taxonomic treatment ( designation and sequence of orders , families , and species ) and nomenclature ( common and scientific names ) follow the conventions of The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World , 2016 edition . Except as an entry is cited otherwise , the list of species is that of the South American Classification Committee ( SACC ) of the American Ornithologists ' Union . The taxonomy used by the SACC differs from `` Clements '' , and significant differences in names are noted . Especially see typical antbirds and puffbirds ; entries in those families increase the above total species count by two and decrease the endemic count by one , respectively . Differences from `` Clements '' in the sequence of orders , families , and species within families are not noted . Several new species have been proposed and are under consideration by the SACC ; one is listed here . The following tags have been used to highlight certain categories , but not all species fall into one of these categories . Those that do not are commonly occurring native species . ( A ) Accidental - a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Brazil ( E ) Endemic - a species endemic to Brazil ( I ) Introduced - a species introduced to Brazil as a consequence , direct or indirect , of human actions ( H ) Hypothetical - a species recorded but with `` no tangible evidence '' according to the SACC", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81b9e58993e2e9a636fb9e308b6a566e", "text": "Borders of Brazil Brazil is the largest country in South America and borders every country in South America with the exceptions of Chile and Ecuador . The borders of Brazil are the international borders that Brazil shares with neighbouring countries . Brazil has borders with ten different countries , totalling 16885 km , making it the country with the third longest land border behind only China and Russia . The lengths of the borders Brazil shares with different countries , running counter-clockwise around Brazil from French Guiana to Uruguay , are listed below :", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "9e5d10beb2c22262f818020164581ade", "text": "Jerry Goldsmith Jerrald King `` Jerry '' Goldsmith ( February 10 , 1929July 21 , 2004 ) was an American composer and conductor most known for his work in film and television scoring . He composed scores for such noteworthy films as Star Trek : The Motion Picture ( Which he personally considered his best work ) , The Sand Pebbles , Logan 's Run , Planet of the Apes , Patton , Papillon , Chinatown , The Wind and the Lion , The Omen , The Boys from Brazil , Capricorn One , Alien , Poltergeist , The Secret of NIMH , Gremlins , Hoosiers , Total Recall , Basic Instinct , Rudy , Air Force One , L.A. Confidential , Mulan , The Mummy , three Rambo films , Explorers and four other Star Trek films . He collaborated with some of film history 's most accomplished directors , including Robert Wise , Howard Hawks , Otto Preminger , Joe Dante , Richard Donner , Roman Polanski , Ridley Scott , Michael Winner , Steven Spielberg , Paul Verhoeven , and Franklin J. Schaffner . Goldsmith was nominated for six Grammy Awards , five Primetime Emmy Awards , nine Golden Globe Awards , four British Academy Film Awards , and eighteen Academy Awards ( he won only one , in 1976 , for The Omen ) .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "8c01276185246f261980f83d0875cb36", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Country Duo/Group Performance The Grammy Award for Best Country Duo/Group Performance is an award presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . It was first awarded in 2012 , after a major overhaul of Grammy Award categories . The award combines the previous categories for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal , Best Country Collaboration with Vocals and Best Country Instrumental Performance ( if the instrumental recording is performed by a duo or group ) . The restructuring of these categories was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it is designed for duo/group or collaborative ( vocal or instrumental ) country recordings and is limited to singles or tracks only .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b91b87c40163c3e507f43714df57fc1", "text": "Gordon E. Sawyer Award The Gordon E. Sawyer Award is an Honorary Award given by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to `` an individual in the motion picture industry whose technological contributions have brought credit to the industry . '' The award is named in honour of Gordon E. Sawyer , the former Sound Director at Samuel Goldwyn Studio and three-time Academy Award winner who claimed that a listing of past Academy Awards , arranged both chronologically and by category , represents a history of the development of motion pictures . It was first presented at the 54th Academy Awards , in April 1982 . The Gordon E. Sawyer Award is voted upon and given by the Scientific and Technical Awards Committee of the Academy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c45f4f5334cadaf1d57b672a7bed1c9a", "text": "Grammy Award for Video of the Year The Grammy Award for Video of the Year was an honor presented to recording artists at the 24th Grammy Awards in 1982 and the 25th Grammy Awards in 1983 for music videos . The Grammy Awards , an annual ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , are presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position '' . First presented in 1982 to Michael Nesmith for Elephant Parts , the award was reserved for quality `` video cassettes or discs in any format created specifically for the home video market '' . In 1983 , Olivia Newton-John was presented the award for Olivia Physical . Beginning with the 1984 Grammy Awards , the Video of the Year award category was replaced with the categories Best Video , Short Form and Best Video Album ( now known as Best Music Video and Best Music Film , respectively ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "611f38234017034da86fa24ecc413ac6", "text": "Michael Seifert (producer) Michael Seifert is a multi-platinum award winning music producer , writer , arranger and recording engineer based in Cleveland , Ohio . Michael 's credits include work for Nicholas Megalis , Island/Def Jam recording artist Gentlemen Hall , Tori Amos , Regina Spektor , Fountains of Wayne , Lifehouse ( band ) , Colbie Caillat , Gerald Levert , Bone Thugs-n-Harmony , Too Short , 8 Ball & MJG , UGK , Chuck Mosley ( Faith No More ) , Guided by Voices , J. Mascis ( Dinosaur Jr. ) , blues legend Robert Lockwood , Jr. , Kate Voegele , Mr. Gnome , Grammy award winners Snarky Puppy , and many more . Michael has scored independent films and major motion pictures including composing , arranging , recording , and production work on Bram Stoker 's Dracula ( Special Edition ) , The Outsiders : The Complete Novel , the Apocalypse Now Documentary `` Heart of Darkness '' , and most recently The Godfather trilogy FFC restoration special edition for legendary film producer/director Francis Ford Coppola . He has also composed , recorded , and produced music for Fox TV , CBS , MTV , American Greetings , Sports Illustrated , Reebok , and many others . A self-taught multi instrumentalist , Michael often performs on both sides of the glass when working on a project .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31e0c2902da52dd1f923e4530182e88b", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song The Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song was a new category at the 2015 ceremony of the annual Grammy Awards . It combines two previously separate categories in the Gospel/Contemporary Christian Music field , Best Contemporary Christian Music Song and Best Gospel/Contemporary Christian Music Performance . The new category recognizes both songwriters and performers ( solo/duos/groups / collaborations/etc . ) and is open for singles or tracks only . Songwriters are only awarded a Grammy Award if it is a newly written song . Grammy 's for cover versions of previously recorded songs are awarded to the performer ( s ) only . Along with the also newly formed Best Gospel Performance/Song category , these mark the only Grammy categories which honor both performers and songwriters in one category . These changes were made in June 2014 by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences `` in the interest of clarifying the criteria , representing the current culture and creative DNA of the gospel and Contemporary Christian Music communities , and better reflecting the diversity and authenticity of today 's gospel music industry . '' According to the Grammy committee , the move recognizes `` the critical contribution of both songwriters and performers by combining songwriters and artists into the Best Gospel Performance/Song and Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song categories . '' Gospel performances , which were previously recognized in the Best Gospel/Contemporary Christian Music Performance category , will now fall under the newly created Best Gospel Performance/Song category .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "093ae9c33e69bb106d1d3cf2e8ef9877", "text": "Judy Carmichael Judy Carmichael ( born November 27 , 1957 ) is a Grammy-nominated jazz pianist and vocalist who is one of the few jazz pianists honored as a Steinway Artist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6eda4fc0042da78360cab798fd3398b8", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Country Solo Performance The Grammy Award for Best Country Solo Performance is an award presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it is designed for solo ( vocal or instrumental ) country recordings and is limited to singles or tracks only . The award combines the previous categories for Best Female Country Vocal Performance , Best Male Country Vocal Performance and Best Country Instrumental Performance ( if it is an instrumental solo performance ) . The restructuring of these categories was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards and to eliminate the distinctions between male and female performances .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52a115105c29d9f0a27e104e0dc4ae02", "text": "Marshall Blonstein Marshall Blonstein is an entertainment industry executive who is best known as the founder and president of the audiophile music labels Audio Fidelity and DCC Compact Classics . He has also held positions at Island , Ode , ABC and Epic Records , and been associated with some of the most prominent artists in popular music . He was born and raised in Los Angeles , and entered the music business in 1966 , working at Dunhill Records . He subsequently moved into record promotion with ABC Records , then , from 1966 to 1970 , performed similar duties for Columbia Records , working in Chicago and Los Angeles . He ended his tenure with Columbia in 1970 , directing promotional activities for the company 's Epic and associated labels from New York City . From 1970 to 1979 Blonstein held executive positions at Ode Records , a label he helped to found with Lou Adler , where he was involved with the success of Carole King 's Tapestry album ( 1971 ) , the concert edition of The Who 's Tommy ( 1972 ) , The Rocky Horror Picture Show ( 1975 ) , and Cheech & Chong 's Up in Smoke movie ( 1978 ) , among other projects . He became president of Island Records from 1979 to 1982 , contributing to the careers of artists such as Robert Palmer , Steve Winwood , Bob Marley , Marianne Faithfull and Grace Jones . Blonstein began a new phase of his career in 1986 when he founded DCC Compact Classics as one of the first companies to issue catalogue music product on the then-new compact disc format . DCC evolved into one of the first companies to cater to the high-end audiophile market with its line of digitally remastered reissues on its 24 Karat Gold CD and 180-gram pure virgin vinyl formats . DCC released audiophile editions of best-selling albums by Elvis Presley , Frank Sinatra , the Doors , The Eagles and many others . In 2002 Blonstein founded Morada Music and Video , which issued new music and licensed features for DVD , and Audio Fidelity Music , which specializes in audiophile reissues . Among the Audio Fidelity catalogue titles are popular items such as James Taylor 's Sweet Baby James , Stevie Wonder 's Songs in the Key of Life , Carly Simon 's No Secrets and several Grateful Dead titles . Blonstein has also established a DVD series . Among the titles of Morada DVD is the historic series Playboy After Dark . Morada Music has also acquired the rights to 160 television shows from the legendary comedian Soupy Sales .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "942c890fad8a0a8e2162fba4e9994ec4", "text": "Michael Goldsmith Michael Goldsmith ( March 6 , 1951 -- November 1 , 2009 ) was a law professor at Brigham Young University 's J. Reuben Clark Law School .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5c8f607317733db1ae881aa30e8ac2a", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Direction The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Direction is awarded to one television series or special each year . In the following list , the first titles listed in gold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3c167ca6c0a6a0ec81cba45bd90a1dda", "text": "Joel Fein Joel Fein ( June 19 , 1944 -- September 22 , 2007 ) was an American sound engineer . He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Sound for the film The Buddy Holly Story .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d233f2adea1b1a5381e2721e8ec727a", "text": "No Strings No Strings is a musical drama with a book by Samuel A. Taylor and words and music by Richard Rodgers , his only Broadway score for which he wrote both lyrics and music , and the first musical he composed after the death of his long-time collaborator Oscar Hammerstein II . The musical opened on Broadway in 1962 and ran for 580 performances . It received the nomination for Tony Award , Best Musical .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "532b8d92510feeff72678b5f7b0ae887", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance was an award presented at the 2012 and 2013 Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it was designed for solo , duo/groups or collaborative ( vocal or instrumental ) hard rock or metal recordings and was limited to singles or tracks only . The award was first presented in 2012 , after a major restructuring of Grammy categories . It combined the previous categories Best Hard Rock Performance and Best Metal Performance . The restructuring was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards . However , the Recording Academy announced in June 2013 that the category would split in 2014 , returning the Best Metal Performance category and recognizing quality hard rock performances in the Best Rock Performance category . According to the Academy , `` it was determined that metal has a very distinctive sound , and hard rock more closely aligns with rock and can exist comfortably as one end of the rock spectrum . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec001fe281fe6e31be8994805154fdb0", "text": "Gordon Goodwin Gordon L. Goodwin ( born 1954 ) is an American pianist , saxophonist , composer , arranger , and conductor . He has won Grammy Awards and Emmy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "886b84c0f3155e9ce3a673e0a8882b40", "text": "Conservatory of Recording Arts and Sciences The Conservatory of Recording Arts and Sciences is a for-profit technical school specializing in audio recording , audio engineering and production education with a main locations in Tempe and a satellite campus in Gilbert , Arizona in the United States . The mission of the school is to train students for entry-level jobs as recording engineers in the audio recording and music industry . The school maintains listing the industries in which their graduates find employment . Out of the total 83 categories at the Grammys in February 2016 , 47 different alumni have contributed to pieces that were nominated in 42 different Grammy categories .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bf42adde5c39bd7dc8770305dbcb6305", "text": "Jerry Zolten Jerry Zolten is an American writer , advocator for , and producer of American roots music . An Associate Professor at Penn State University , he is best known as the author of a book tracing the 30-plus year career of the African-American Dixie Hummingbirds gospel group and their influence on both sacred and secular music . He also writes about and is a noted expert on the history of American stand-up comedy . Zolten is also known for numerous articles and CD liner notes on blues , country , and gospel music as well as collaborations on musical projects with Robert Crumb and Harvey Pekar . His most recent writings and musical releases include `` The Beatles as Recording Artists '' in The Cambridge Companion to the Beatles , biographical and musicological entries on Paramount recording artists for The Rise and Fall of Paramount Records 1917-1927 , and Chimpin ' the Blues with Robert Crumb and Jerry Zolten , an audio collection of conversation and rare blues and blues related recordings from the early 20th Century .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32b03496d5dcddfdd0c593d53ef04784", "text": "Jerry Lawson (musician) Jerome E. `` Jerry '' Lawson ( born 1944 ) is a lead singer , producer , musical arranger , performer , best known as the original lead singer of The Persuasions . Born in Ft Lauderdale , Florida , he was raised in Apopka , Florida . He currently resides in Phoenix , Arizona with his wife , Julie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e217957e79056e9b7aa6f8ed68167498", "text": "Dick's Picks Volume 30 Dick 's Picks Volume 30 is the 30th installment of the Grateful Dead 's archival series . Just prior to their Europe '72 tour , the Grateful Dead played seven shows at the Academy of Music on 14th Street in New York City . Included in this four CD set is the entire March 28 , 1972 performance plus selections from March 25 , 1972 and March 27 , 1972 . The March 25 show ( a semi-private party booked by the Hell 's Angels and billed as `` Jerry Garcia & Friends '' ) featured Bo Diddley as a guest , whose performance , backed by the Grateful Dead , is included in Disc One . Other rarities contained in this volume are the only Grateful Dead live performances of `` How Sweet it Is ( to be loved by you ) '' , `` Are You Lonely for Me '' and `` The Sidewalks of New York '' ( played as a brief , instrumental tuning before the encore ) . Additional selections from the venue run were later released on the Rockin ' the Rhein bonus disc , and on Dave 's Picks Volume 14 , the latter including the March 26 , 1972 performance in its entirety . Additional tracks from the March 27 performance were later released on the Dave 's Picks 2015 Bonus Disc The audio tape almost did not make it into the vault as it was not known to have been recorded . It was found in an old barn and restored by Rob Eaton in 1995 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96cd4d6963273939b1b6214f6e68df7a", "text": "Touching Home (album) Touching Home is an album by Jerry Lee Lewis that was released on Mercury Records in 1971 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8c94cd36dc086f0d708fa76209ca90f", "text": "Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Classical The Grammy Award for Producer of the Year , Classical is an honor presented to record producers for quality classical music productions at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position '' . Originally known as the Grammy Award for Classical Producer of the Year , the award was first presented to James Mallinson at the 22nd Grammy Awards ( 1980 ) . The name remained unchanged until 1998 , when the category became known as Producer of the Year , Classical . According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award is presented to album producers `` whose recordings , released for the first time during the eligibility year , represent consistently outstanding creativity in the production of classical recordings '' . Producers must have produced at least 51 % playing time on three separately released recordings ( only one of which can be an opera released in DVD format ) . Producers may submit content as a team only if they worked together exclusively during the period of eligibility . Anthony Tommasini , music critic for The New York Times , asserted that `` In the struggling field of classical recording , it 's the producers who take the real risks and make things happen . '' The honor is presented alongside the award for Producer of the Year , Non-Classical . As of 2015 , Steven Epstein and Robert Woods share the record of the most wins , with seven each . Judith Sherman has won the award four times , while David Frost and James Mallinson have been presented the award three times each . Two-time recipients include Joanna Nickrenz ( once alongside Marc Aubort ) . Woods ' wife , Elaine Martone , received the honor in 2007 . David Frost is the son of Thomas Frost , who received an award in the same category in 1987 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "252457b387d7e3ec52da749a014ab0f2", "text": "1975 Federation Cup (tennis) The 1975 Federation Cup was the 13th edition of the most important competition between national teams in women 's tennis . 31 nations participated in the tournament , which was held at the Aixoise C.C. , Aix-en-Provence , France , from 5 -- 11 May . Czechoslovakia defeated Australia in the final , giving Czechoslovakia their first title .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "628fa842fdfcce181163a1e7eb30c37b", "text": "Steffi Graf Stefanie Maria `` Steffi '' Graf ( -LSB- ˈʃtɛfiː ˈgʁa : f -RSB- ; born 14 June 1969 ) is a German former tennis player , who was ranked world No. 1 during her career . Graf won 22 Grand Slam singles titles . Her 22 singles titles put her second on the list of Major wins by a tennis player ( male or female ) since the introduction of the Open Era in 1968 and is third all-time behind Margaret Court ( 24 ) and Serena Williams ( 23 ) . In 1988 , she became the first and only tennis player ( male or female ) to achieve the Golden Slam by winning all four Grand Slam singles titles and the Olympic gold medal in the same calendar year . Furthermore , she is the only tennis player to have won each Grand Slam event at least four times . Graf was ranked world No. 1 by the Women 's Tennis Association ( WTA ) for a record 377 total weeks -- the longest period for which any player , male or female , has held the number-one ranking since the WTA and the Association of Tennis Professionals began issuing rankings . She won 107 singles titles , which ranks her third on the WTA 's all-time list after Martina Navratilova ( 167 titles ) and Chris Evert ( 157 titles ) . She and Margaret Court are the only players , male or female , to win three grand slams in a calendar year five times ( 1988 , 1989 , 1993 , 1995 and 1996 ) . Notable features of Graf 's game were her versatility across all playing surfaces , footwork and her powerful forehand drive . Graf won six French Open singles titles ( second to Evert ) , seven Wimbledon singles titles , four Australian Open titles , and five U.S. Open singles titles . She is the only singles player ( male or female ) to have achieved a Grand Slam since hard court was introduced as a surface at the US Open in 1978 . Consequently , Graf 's Grand Slam was achieved on grass , clay , and hard court while the previous five Grand Slams were decided on only grass and clay . Graf reached thirteen consecutive Grand Slam singles finals , from the 1987 French Open through to the 1990 French Open , winning nine of them . She won 5 consecutive Majors ( 1988 Australian Open to 1989 Australian Open ) , and seven Majors out of eight , in two calendar years ( 1988 Australian Open to 1989 US Open , except 1989 French Open ) . She reached a total of 31 Grand Slam singles finals . Graf is regarded by some to be the greatest female tennis player of all time . Navratilova included Graf on her list of great players . In 1999 Billie Jean King said `` Steffi is definitely the greatest women 's tennis player of all time '' . In December 1999 , Graf was named the greatest female tennis player of the 20th century by a panel of experts assembled by the Associated Press . Tennis writer Steve Flink , in his book The Greatest Tennis Matches of the Twentieth Century , named her as the best female player of the 20th century . In March 2012 , Tennis Channel picked Graf as the greatest female tennis player ever in their list of 100 greatest tennis players of all time . Graf retired in 1999 while she was ranked World No. 3 . She married former World No. 1 men 's tennis player Andre Agassi in October 2001 . The couple has two children -- Jaden Gil and Jaz Elle . Graf was inducted into the Tennis Hall of Fame in 2004 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2aa64d798b0588b949dc3a675738b0db", "text": "History of tennis The game that most people call tennis is the direct descendant of what is now known as real tennis or royal tennis ( which continues to be played today as a separate sport with more complex rules ) . Most of the rules of the game commonly known as tennis derive from real or royal tennis . It is reasonable to see both sports as variations of the same game . Most historians believe that tennis originated in the monastic cloisters in northern France in the 12th century , but the ball was then struck with the palm of the hand , hence the name jeu de paume ( `` game of the palm '' ) . It was not until the 16th century that rackets came into use , and the game began to be called `` tennis . '' It was popular in England and France and Henry VIII of England was a big fan of the game , now referred to as real tennis . Many original tennis courts remain , including courts at Oxford , Cambridge , Falkland Palace in Fife where Mary Queen of Scots regularly played , and Hampton Court Palace . Many of the French courts were decommissioned with the terror that accompanied the French Revolution . The Tennis Court Oath ( Serment du Jeu de Paume ) was a pivotal event during the first days of the French Revolution . The Oath was a pledge signed by 576 of the 577 members from the Third Estate who were locked out of a meeting of the Estates-General on 20 June 1789 . Any history of tennis that ignores its origins in the game that was ( and is still in certain circles ) known as tennis until `` lawn tennis '' became popular in the late nineteenth century is inaccurate . The Davis Cup , an annual competition between men 's national teams , dates to 1900 . The analogous competition for women 's national teams , the Fed Cup , was founded as the Federation Cup in 1963 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the founding of the International Tennis Federation , also known as the ITF . In 1926 , promoter C.C. Pyle created the first professional tennis tour with a group of American and French tennis players playing exhibition matches to paying audiences . The most notable of these early professionals were the American Vinnie Richards and the Frenchwoman Suzanne Lenglen . Once a player turned pro he or she could not compete in the major ( amateur ) tournaments . In 1968 , commercial pressures and rumors of some amateurs taking money under the table led to the abandonment of this distinction , inaugurating the `` open era '' , in which all players could compete in all tournaments , and top players were able to make their living from tennis . With the beginning of the open era , the establishment of an international professional tennis circuit , and revenues from the sale of television rights , tennis 's popularity has spread worldwide , and the sport has shed its upper/middle-class English-speaking image ( although it is acknowledged that this stereotype still exists ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce4d541e95f583741209734feee623fe", "text": "Martina Navratilova Martina Navratilova ( Martina Navrátilová -LSB- ˈmarcɪna ˈnavraːcɪlovaː -RSB- ; born Martina Šubertová -LSB- ˈmarcɪna ˈʃubɛrtovaː -RSB- ; October 18 , 1956 ) is a Czech and American retired tennis player and coach . In 2005 , Tennis magazine selected her as the greatest female tennis player for the years 1965 through 2005 . Navratilova was World No. 1 for a total of 332 weeks in singles , and a record 237 weeks in doubles , making her the only player in history to have held the top spot in both singles and doubles for over 200 weeks . She was year-end singles No. 1 seven times , including a record five consecutive years , as well as year-end doubles No. 1 five times , including three consecutive years during which she held the ranking for the entire year . She won 18 Grand Slam singles titles , 31 major women 's doubles titles ( an all-time record ) , and 10 major mixed doubles titles , marking the open-era record for most Grand Slam titles . She reached the Wimbledon singles final 12 times , including nine consecutive years from 1982 through 1990 , and won the women 's singles title at Wimbledon a record nine times ( surpassing Helen Wills Moody 's eight Wimbledon titles ) , including a run of six consecutive titles -- the best performance by any professional player at a major event . She and Billie Jean King each won 20 Wimbledon titles , an all-time record . Navratilova is one of just three women ever to have accomplished a Career Grand Slam in singles , women 's doubles , and mixed doubles ( called the Grand Slam `` boxed set '' ) , a distinction she shares with Margaret Court and Doris Hart . Navratilova holds the records for most singles titles ( 167 ) and for most doubles titles ( 177 ) in the open era . Her record as No. 1 in singles ( 1982 -- 86 ) is the most dominant in professional tennis . Over five consecutive seasons , she won 428 of 442 singles matches , averaging fewer than 3 losses per year to 87 wins , for a sustained winning percentage of 96.8 % . She holds the best season win-loss record for the open era , 86-1 ( 98.9 % ) in 1983 , and four of the top six open era seasons . She recorded the longest winning streak in the open era ( 74 consecutive matches ) and three of the six longest winning streaks . She and Serena Williams are the only Open Era players to have won six major singles crowns without the loss of a set . Navratilova , Margaret Court and Maureen Connolly share the record for the most consecutive major singles titles ( six ) . Navratilova reached 11 consecutive major singles finals , second all-time to Steffi Graf 's 13 , and is the only woman ever to reach 19 consecutive major semi-finals . Navratilova also won the season-ending WTA Tour Championships for top ranked players a record eight times and made the finals a record 14 times . She is the only person of either sex to have won eight different tournaments at least seven times . She was ranked in the world 's top 10 in singles for a record 20 consecutive years ( 1975 -- 1994 ) , a span which included 19 years in the top 5 , 15 years in the top 3 , and 7 years as the world No. 1 ranked singles player . Navratilova is regarded by some to be the greatest female tennis player of all time . In women 's doubles , Navratilova and Pam Shriver won 109 consecutive matches and won all four major titles -- the Grand Slam -- in 1984 . The pair set an all-time record of 79 titles together and tied Louise Brough Clapp 's and Margaret Osborne duPont 's record of 20 major women 's doubles titles as a team . Navratilova also won the WTA Tour Championships doubles title a record 11 times . She is one of only five tennis players all-time to win a multiple slam set in two disciplines , matching Margaret Court , Roy Emerson , Frank Sedgman and Serena Williams . Navratilova took her last major title in 2006 , winning the mixed doubles crown at the 2006 US Open , just short of her 50th birthday -- 32 years after her first Grand Slam title in 1974 . Originally from Czechoslovakia , she was stripped of her citizenship when , in 1975 at the age of 18 , she asked the United States for political asylum and was granted temporary residency . At the time , Navratilova was told by the Czechoslovak Sports Federation that she was becoming too Americanized and that she should go back to school and make tennis secondary . Navratilova became a US citizen in 1981 , and on January 9 , 2008 , she acquired Czech citizenship . She stated she has not renounced her U.S. citizenship nor does she plan to do so and that acquiring her Czech citizenship was not politically motivated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0c3f24f07d78b32e1ec472e8be25b63", "text": "1982 Federation Cup (tennis) The 1982 Federation Cup was the 20th edition of the most important competition between national teams in women 's tennis . The tournament was held at the Decathlon Club in Santa Clara , CA , United States , from 19 -- 25 July . The United States won their record seventh consecutive title , defeating West Germany in the final without losing a rubber .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f838c73acff0962d3e6b990b02455f4", "text": "WTA Finals The WTA Finals ( formerly known as the WTA Tour Championships short : WTA Championships ) , is a professional tennis tournament played annually at the end of the season for the top-ranked players on the Women 's Tennis Association ( WTA ) tour . The location and number of players has changed since the first edition in 1972 . Since 2003 there have been eight singles players divided into two round robin groups , and eight doubles teams . The WTA Finals is unofficially considered the fifth most prestigious event of a season after the four Grand Slam tournaments . It also has the largest prize money and ranking points after the majors . The most successful finals player is Martina Navratilova , who has won 8 singles titles and 13 doubles titles . To qualify for the WTA Finals , WTA players compete throughout the year in over 53 WTA tournaments throughout the world , as well as the four Grand Slam events . Players earn ranking points on the Porsche Race To Singapore leaderboard , and the top 8 singles players and top 8 doubles teams on this leaderboard at the conclusion of the year ( as of the Monday following the final regular season tournament ) earn the right to compete in the WTA Championships . For singles , all results from that year count towards a player 's ranking ; for doubles , only the best 11 results for a team from that year count towards the team 's ranking . Qualified players participate in a round-robin format in two groups of four . The winners and runners-up of each group advance to the semifinals . Doubles teams participate in a single elimination draw .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "536c9d3ff902053ee58fadb4f4d05d46", "text": "2006 US Open (tennis) The 2006 US Open began 28 August and finished on 10 September 2006 . Roger Federer was successful in defending his 2005 title , defeating 2003 champion Andy Roddick in the final . Kim Clijsters was unable to defend her title due to injury . 19-year-old Maria Sharapova won her second Grand Slam title , defeating Justine Henin-Hardenne in the final . It was Henin-Hardenne 's third Grand Slam final loss of 2006 , having lost the Australian Open and Wimbledon finals earlier in the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cbc72642dd218bd78649c7365e3eceb2", "text": "Margaret Court Margaret Court ( née Smith ; born 16 July 1942 ) , also known as Margaret Smith Court , is a retired Australian tennis player and former world No. 1 . She is currently a Christian minister in Perth , Western Australia , but is best known for her sporting career , in which she amassed more major titles than any other player in history . In 1970 , Court became the first woman during the open era ( and the second woman in history ) to win the singles Grand Slam ( all four major tournaments in the same calendar year ) . She won 24 of those titles ( 11 in the Open era ) , a record that still stands . She also won 19 women 's doubles and 21 mixed doubles titles , giving her a record 64 major titles overall . She is the only woman to win the mixed doubles Grand Slam , which she accomplished twice . Her all surfaces ( hard , clay , grass and carpet ) singles career winning percentage of 91.68 % ( 1180 -- 107 ) is one of the best of all time according to the Sporteology website . Her open era singles career winning percentage of 91.37 % ( 593 -- 56 ) is unequalled , as is her open era winning percentage of 91.7 % ( 11 -- 1 ) in Grand Slam finals . Her win-loss performance in all Grand Slam singles tournaments was 90.12 % ( 210 -- 23 ) . She was 95.31 % ( 61 -- 3 ) at the Australian Open , 90.38 % ( 47 -- 5 ) at the French Open , 85.10 % ( 51 -- 9 ) at Wimbledon and 89.47 % ( 51 -- 6 ) at the US Open . She also shares the open era record for most Grand Slam singles titles as a mother with Kim Clijsters . The International Tennis Hall of Fame states , `` For sheer strength of performance and accomplishment there has never been a tennis player to match ( her ) . '' In 2010 , the Herald Sun newspaper of Melbourne , Australia called her the greatest female tennis player of all time . Court is one of only six tennis players to ever win a multiple slam set in two disciplines , matching Roy Emerson , Martina Navratilova , Frank Sedgman , Doris Hart and Serena Williams . Court , however , is the only one in tennis history to complete a multiple slam set , twice , in all three disciplines : singles , women 's doubles and mixed doubles . Having grown up as a Roman Catholic , Court became associated with Pentecostalism in the 1970s and became a Pentecostal Christian minister in 1991 . She later founded the Margaret Court Ministries , and in this capacity she has been a vocal critic of LGBT rights .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "63ab972aa3cb4a7020cab7f8c597aa2e", "text": "The Championships, Wimbledon The Championships , Wimbledon , commonly known simply as Wimbledon , is the oldest tennis tournament in the world , and is widely considered the most prestigious . It has been held at the All England Club in Wimbledon , London , since 1877 and is played on outdoor grass courts . Wimbledon is one of the four Grand Slam tennis tournaments , the others being the Australian Open , the French Open and the US Open . Since the Australian Open shifted to hardcourt in 1988 , Wimbledon is the only major still played on grass . The tournament takes place over two weeks in late June and early July , culminating with the Ladies ' and Gentlemen 's Singles Final , scheduled for the second Saturday and Sunday of July respectively . Five major , junior , and invitational events are held each year . Wimbledon traditions include a strict dress code for competitors and Royal patronage . The tournament is also notable for the absence of sponsor advertising around the courts . In 2009 , Wimbledon 's Centre Court was fitted with a retractable roof to lessen the loss of playing time due to rain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e72f2052061e1e0edfcee2ebc08fa469", "text": "1984 Virginia Slims Championships – Doubles Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver were the defending champions and successfully defended their title , by defeating Jo Durie and Ann Kiyomura 6 -- 3 , 6 -- 1 in the final . It was the 5th Tour Championships title and 95th overall title for Navratilova , and the 4th Tour Championships title and 47th overall title for Shriver , in their respective doubles careers . It was also the 14th title for the pair during the 1983 season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a70748857bb8d6a597605f37aaeb5b3f", "text": "Grand Slam (tennis) The Grand Slam tournaments , also called majors , are the four most-important annual tennis events . They offer the most ranking points , prize money , public and media attention , the greatest strength and size of field , and greater number of `` best of '' sets for men . The Grand Slam itinerary consists of the Australian Open in mid January , the French Open in May and June , Wimbledon in June and July , and the US Open in August and September . Each tournament is played over a period of two weeks . The Australian and United States tournaments are played on hard courts , the French on clay , and Wimbledon on grass . Wimbledon is the oldest , founded in 1877 , followed by the US in 1881 , the French in 1891 , and the Australian in 1905 . However , of these four , only Wimbledon was a major before 1924 -- 25 , the time when all four became designated Grand Slam tournaments . Skipping Grand Slam tournaments -- especially the Australian Open because of the remoteness , the inconvenient dates ( around Christmas and New Year 's Day ) and the low prize money -- was not unusual before 1982 , which was the start of the norm of counting Grand Slam titles . The term Grand Slam also , and originally , refers to the achievement of winning all four major championships in a single calendar year within one of the five events : men 's and women 's singles ; men 's , women 's , and mixed doubles . In doubles , one team may accomplish a Grand Slam playing together or one player may achieve it with different partners . The term `` Grand Slam '' without qualification refers to winning the four majors in a single calendar year . Winning the four majors in consecutive tournaments but not in the same year is known as a Non-Calendar Year Grand Slam , while winning all four majors at any point during the course of a career is known as a Career Grand Slam . Winning the gold medal at the Summer Olympic Games in addition to the four majors in a one calendar year is known as a `` Golden Grand Slam '' or more commonly the `` Golden Slam '' . Also , winning the Year-End Championship ( known as ATP World Tour Finals for men 's singles and doubles disciplines , and WTA Tour Championships for both women 's disciplines ) in the same period is known as a `` Super Slam '' . Together , all four Majors in all three disciplines ( singles , doubles , and mixed doubles ) are called a `` boxed set '' of Grand Slam titles . No male or female player has won all twelve events in one calendar year , although a `` career boxed set '' has been achieved by three female players .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c8966116ba390ac82476d5ef22ad299", "text": "1983 Virginia Slims Championships – Doubles Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver were the defending champions and won in the final 7 -- 5 , 6 -- 2 against Claudia Kohde-Kilsch and Eva Pfaff .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9703f74bf07659ab8bb1c224607a04e0", "text": "Louise Brough Althea Louise Brough Clapp ( née Brough ; March 11 , 1923 -- February 3 , 2014 ) was an American tennis player . During her career between 1942 and 1957 , she won six Grand Slam singles titles as well as numerous doubles and mixed doubles titles . She was ranked world no. 1 by Lance Tingay in 1955 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "90a86e787a5094297dd9fc7461dcc68d", "text": "Slovakia at the FIFA World Cup This is a record of Slovakia 's results at the FIFA World Cup . The FIFA World Cup , sometimes called the Football World Cup or the Soccer World Cup , but usually referred to simply as the World Cup , is an international association football competition contested by the men 's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Football Association ( FIFA ) , the sport 's global governing body . The championship has been awarded every four years since the first tournament in 1930 , except in 1942 and 1946 , due to World War II . The tournament consists of two parts , the qualification phase and the final phase ( officially called the World Cup Finals ) . The qualification phase , which currently take place over the three years preceding the Finals , is used to determine which teams qualify for the Finals . The current format of the Finals involves 32 teams competing for the title , at venues within the host nation ( or nations ) over a period of about a month . The World Cup Finals is the most widely viewed sporting event in the world , with an estimated 715.1 million people watching the 2006 tournament final . Slovakia have appeared in the finals of the FIFA World Cup on one occasion in 2010 where they reached the second round .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c16f0ed91738b151b6c67782b9a25518", "text": "1979 Avon Championships The 1979 Avon Championships were the eighth WTA Tour Championships , the annual tennis tournament for the best female tennis players in singles on the 1979 WTA Tour . It was held on indoor carpet courts from March 21 through March 25 1979 , in Madison Square Garden in New York City , United States . First-seeded Martina Navratilova won the singles title and earned $ 100,000 first-prize money .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07395d5c750a558d458d5dff6be0621b", "text": "Novak Djokovic Novak Djokovic ( Новак Ђоковић , Novak Đoković , -LSB- nôʋaːk d͡ʑôːkoʋit͡ɕ -RSB- ; born 22 May 1987 ) , often referred to by the hypocorism Nole , is a Serbian professional tennis player who is currently ranked world No. 2 in men 's singles tennis by the Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) . He is considered one of the greatest tennis players of all time . Djokovic holds the highest match winning rate ( 82.8 % ) in the Open Era , as of May 2017 . Djokovic has won 12 Grand Slam singles titles , the fourth most in history , and held the No. 1 spot in the ATP rankings for a total of 223 weeks . In majors , Djokovic has won six Australian Open titles , three Wimbledon titles , two US Open titles and one French Open title . In 2016 , he became the eighth player in history to achieve the Career Grand Slam ; by winning the 2016 French Open , Djokovic became the third man to hold all four major titles at once , the first since Rod Laver in 1969 , and the first ever to do so on three different surfaces . Djokovic has won an all-time record of 30 Masters 1000 series titles , tied with Rafael Nadal . Djokovic 's records include breaking the single-season record with six masters titles in 2015 , winning 31 consecutive ATP World Tour Masters 1000 series matches , playing in the finals at all nine ATP Masters 1000 tournaments ( shared with Roger Federer and Nadal , and being the only player to win eight of the nine events ( and at least twice ) . Among other titles , he has won the ATP World Tour Finals five times and was on the Serbian team which won the 2010 Davis Cup . He also won the Bronze medal in men 's singles at the 2008 Summer Olympics . Djokovic is the first Serbian player to be ranked No. 1 by the ATP and the first male player representing Serbia to win a Grand Slam singles title . Djokovic has won numerous awards , including the 2012 , 2015 , and 2016 Laureus World Sports Award for Sportsman of the Year , 2011 BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year , five-time ITF World Champion , and four-time ATP year-end number 1 . He is a recipient of the Order of St. Sava , the Order of Karađorđe 's Star and the Order of the Republika Srpska .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5522edbeecb121ba44315c16921c360b", "text": "Martina Cavallero Martina Cavallero ( born 7 May 1990 ) is an Argentine field hockey player . At the 2012 Summer Olympics , she competed for the Argentina national team where the team achieved the silver medal . Martina also won three Champions Trophy , the World League 2014-15 , the bronze medal at the 2014 World Cup and the gold medal at the Pan American Cup in 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b9f538c8b487c071af3b2468ea61c47", "text": "Andrea Neil Andrea Neil ( born October 26 , 1971 , in Vancouver , British Columbia ) is a pioneer of women 's soccer in Canada . Neil retired from the game after representing Canada more than any other Canadian player in history . With a career spanning 18 years she went on to play for her country 132 times , and was the first Canadian to participate in four FIFA Women 's World Cups as a player ( 1995 , 1999 , 2003 , 2007 ) , including Canada 's best ever finish at a FIFA World Cup , when the Canadian women 's national team finished fourth in 2003 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a3374c533b1753354dd23db56f4f35d7", "text": "Designated Player Rule The Designated Player Rule , nicknamed the Beckham Rule , was adopted as part of the salary cap regulations of Major League Soccer for the 2007 season . The rule allows each MLS franchise to sign players that would be considered outside of the team 's salary cap ( either by offering the player higher wages or by paying a transfer fee for the player ) , allowing MLS teams to compete for star players in the international soccer market . Clubs have the option to use allocation money against a player 's contract , so to avoid a player with a Designated Player level salary using one of the club 's Designated Player slots . As of December 2015 , there have been 114 designated players in the MLS . The rule is informally named after David Beckham , in anticipation of MLS teams signing lucrative deals with internationally recognized players of Beckham 's caliber . Beckham was the first player signed under this rule , signing a five-year contract with the Los Angeles Galaxy with guaranteed annual salary of $ 6.5 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0d202d5421cdb04ec4b4c3c8d78a3bb", "text": "Demize NPSL Demize NSPL is an American amateur soccer club based in Springfield , Missouri , which began play in the fourth-tier National Premier Soccer League ( NPSL ) in May 2014 with the 2014 NPSL season . The club , based at Lake Country Soccer 's Cooper Stadium , plays in the North Division of the South Central Conference in the South Region . The other North Division teams are the Tulsa Athletics , Oklahoma City FC , and Dallas-based Liverpool Warriors . The team was owned by Ed and Alison Hershewe , who also own a Joplin-based law firm . Chris Hanlon serves as the team 's Director of Soccer Operations . The Joplin Demize , a developmental extension of the Springfield Demize of the third-tier USL Pro league , is composed of local collegiate and other players from the Four State Area . To fill out the opening day roster , the Demize held open tryouts in March 2014 . On March 9 , 2017 , the Joplin Demize re-branded as `` Demize NPSL , '' and announced its intent to play in Branson , Springfield , as well as Joplin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a49022d13e2f06169b88d84bdac9135", "text": "Unmatched Unmatched is a documentary about tennis players Martina Navratilova and Chris Evert , their decades-long on-court rivalry and lifelong friendship , created for ESPN 's 30 for 30 documentary series . Evert and Navratilova met in 80 matches , 60 finals and 14 grand slam finals with Navratilova sporting a 43-37 advantage . The film was shot over three days in Amagansett , New York in October 2009 . Unmatched was awarded the 2011 Gracie Award for `` Outstanding Producer - News/Non-fiction '' . Navratilova was sometimes described as the lesbian tennis player from a communist country : `` As one of the first openly gay sports figures , she has spent much of her career overcoming prejudices and stereotypes , giving up millions of dollars in endorsements and sponsorships as a result of her insistence on living a life of integrity and honesty . '' Evert was described as the all-American girl next door . Today Navratilova is often cited as the greatest tennis player of all-time ; she has won 167 singles titles , 177 doubles championships titles and 59 Grand Slam titles , she has been inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame , was the WTA 's `` Tour Player of the Year '' seven times , was declared one of the `` Top Forty Athletes of All-time '' by Sports Illustrated and was named `` Female Athlete of the Year '' by the Associated Press . Navratilova has served as AARP 's Health and Fitness Ambassador and is also involved with the LGBT movement , The Rainbow Card ® and Rainbow Endowment . Evert on the other hand reached more Grand Slam singles finals than any player , she has been president of the Women 's Tennis Association and in 2005 she was named fourth on the list of the 40 Greatest Players of the Tennis Era by TENNIS Magazine . Evert won 157 singles championships , 29 doubles titles and she won 18 Grand Slam singles championships and three doubles titles . Hannah Storm said of the rivalry : `` Just think about the dynamic of competing against your best friend . They would practice together , eat lunch together , then go out and play in the final and then make travel plans to go to the next tournament . '' In describing their rivalry and its effect on their tennis careers , Navratilova said : `` I do n't think either of us would have lasted as long without the other . '' Evert said : `` It gave us inspiration and a lot of incentive to work harder and try to continue to improve . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "db1c3f51aa2537eee3d8af9d4c1899dc", "text": "Martina Caregaro Martina Caregaro ( born 19 May 1992 ) is an Italian professional tennis player . Caregaro has won seven singles and eight doubles titles on the ITF tour in her career . On 30 November 2015 , she reached her best singles ranking of world number 254 . On 12 May 2014 , she peaked at world number 383 in the doubles rankings . Playing for Italy at the Fed Cup , Caregaro has a win -- loss record of 0 -- 1 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a115aa073ddacec0a7af546de087487", "text": "Prisma Volley Stamplast Martina Franca is a professional Volleyball based in Martina Franca , Italy . It plays in Italian Volleyball League . It was created in 1997 under the name of Magna Grecia Volley , and now it is named Prisma Volley .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bce1b667083d6009b553c8a254a9084d", "text": "Beach soccer Beach soccer , also known as beach football or beasal , is a variant of association football played on a beach or some form of sand . The game emphasises skill , agility and shooting at goal . Whilst football has been played informally on beaches for many years , the introduction of beach soccer was an attempt to codify rules for the game . This was done in 1992 by the founders of Beach Soccer Worldwide , a company set up to develop the sport and is responsible for the majority of its tournaments to this day . This was a major foundation for what is now known as beach soccer and what has led to the sport rapidly growing in popularity . The irregularity of the soft-sand playing surface leads to a totally different style of play than is used in football , with a greater degree of improvisation . The compact field , much smaller than a normal football field , allows players to score from anywhere on the sand , leading to an average of sixty attempts at goal in a single game . With an average of scoring rate of one goal every three or four minutes , around eleven goals are scored in total during an average game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c1c4875272d249cf29398574019932b", "text": "Senegal at the FIFA World Cup This is a record of Senegal 's results at the FIFA World Cup . The FIFA World Cup , sometimes called the Football World Cup or the Soccer World Cup , but usually referred to simply as the World Cup , is an international association football competition contested by the men 's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Football Association ( FIFA ) , the sport 's global governing body . The championship has been awarded every four years since the first tournament in 1930 , except in 1942 and 1946 , due to World War II . The tournament consists of two parts , the qualification phase and the final phase ( officially called the World Cup Finals ) . The qualification phase , which currently take place over the three years preceding the Finals , is used to determine which teams qualify for the Finals . The current format of the Finals involves 32 teams competing for the title , at venues within the host nation ( or nations ) over a period of about a month . The World Cup Finals is the most widely viewed sporting event in the world , with an estimated 715.1 million people watching the 2006 tournament final . Senegal have appeared in the finals of the FIFA World Cup on one occasion in 2002 where they reached the quarter finals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f3d877fa24f4485881da3d0ff2d2eff", "text": "Iwona Kuczyńska Iwona Kuczyńska ( born 22 February 1961 ) is a former professional tennis player from Poland . She won one doubles title in 1988 partnering with Martina Navratilova .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d84a314d5858449ea1671815afeb2ae3", "text": "3v3 Soccer 3v3 Soccer is a variety of soccer played between two teams . Each team may only have 3 players on the field at a time ( hence providing the name , `` 3 v 3 '' , `` 3 versus 3 '' , or `` 3 on 3 '' ) . This style of soccer is more commonly referred to as a `` small-sided '' game , as compared to a full game with larger teams . The field used is smaller than a regulation soccer pitch , instead it typically is 30 yards wide by 40 yards long , although these dimensions vary quite a bit when the game is played indoors due to the varied styles and sizes of indoor pitches . It uses a much smaller goal than fullsided soccer . In most 3v3 there is no keeper , although one variant , 3v3 Micro Soccer , does use a keeper . `` 3v3 Soccer '' is claimed to be the fastest growing form of soccer in the World . Its greatest popularity is in the United States , where hundreds , and perhaps thousands of Tournaments take place each year , however it is also now begun to catch on in many other countries . Nike helped to popularize it with its international Joga3 Joga Bonito Tour back in 2006 , in which teams qualified at local events around the World , culminating in a big 3v3 World Cup played in Brazil . It is a much faster paced , and higher scoring game than traditional full sided soccer . The speed of the attack , the use of triangulation , and the strategies bring aspects of Hockey into the game . The quick shift from one end of the field to the other after a goal is scored , or upon loss of possession is reminiscent of Basketball . It requires the blending of individual skills with teamwork . Its gain in popularity is largely because every member of the team gets equal playing time , and equal touches on the ball . All players on the field are a part of the play . Because of the speed of the game , and the fact that players are constantly in motion , there are frequent substitutions . A typical player may be rotated on six times or more in one game . There are no permanently assigned positions as there are in full sided soccer , giving each team member equal status and equal importance . This helps to develop individual skills . Currently there are Four major tours in the United States , Colorado based Kick it 3v3 Soccer http://www.kickit3v3.com/ with their World Championship 's held at the ESPN Wide World Of Sports Complex in Florida , Utah based 3v3 Live , Florida based Challenge3v3 and 3v3 World Tour , a 3v3 soccer tour that offers a 3v3 ranking system . There is also a new California based US 3v3 Soccer is promoting 3v3 soccer throughout California and the West . Canada also finally has its own home grown tour attempting to promote 3v3 there . Ontario based Ultimate 3 on 3 Soccer is the first Canadian based 3v3 Soccer Tour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2207067ebd85b3e7571590ecaaf8f128", "text": "United States Soccer Federation The United States Soccer Federation ( USSF ) , commonly referred to as U.S. Soccer , is a 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) nonprofit organization and the official governing body of the sport of soccer in the United States . With headquarters in Chicago , Illinois , the FIFA member governs U.S. amateur and professional soccer , including the men 's , women 's , youth , beach soccer , futsal , and Paralympic national teams . U.S. Soccer sanctions referees and soccer tournaments for most soccer leagues in the United States . The U.S. Soccer Federation also administers and operates the Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup , which was first held in 1914 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59eadd6aa6e132d7298b86f93604607b", "text": "Angela Smith (squash player) Angela Smith ( born 3 July 1953 in Stoke-on-Trent , Staffordshire , England ) is a retired professional English squash player : Smith was one of the world 's top ranked squash players from 1979 to 1990 . Smith was also the first female squash player to turn professional and widely recognized for changing the face of women 's squash by doing so . Her first overseas position was as squash coach at the prestigious Vertical Club in Manhattan , New York , where Vitas Gerulaitis was the tennis pro . Her contract there was said to be the most lucrative of its kind in the sport at that time . There she coached many famous personalities of the time such as Jackie Kennedy , the widow of the US president . Following her successful period in the States and her significant input into the Women 's Sport Foundation of America , Smith took up an even greater challenge in Nassau , Bahamas where she took squash from the realms of an expat sport to one embraced by locals . She was instrumental in Shell sponsoring the squash programme and several of the juniors that Smith coached later went on to play on the world circuit themselves . Following her six years in Nassau , she was based in Barcelona , Spain at the Can Melich club where she was again a great success , helping to organise amongst other events the European Junior championships . She also coached and helped further develop the game in Hong Kong , Bermuda , Trinidad and Tobago , St Vincent and Kenya to name a few of the countries . All this whilst jetting to and from the UK and world circuits to compete in the necessary events to allow her to represent her country and also maintain her place in the world rankings . Indeed , after Smith 's immediate success as a professional , making a career from tournament play rather than just coaching , Sue Cogswell followed suit at the end of 1980 and the UK women 's squash game was quickly forced to become `` open '' ; the rest of the world swiftly followed suit and today 's lady professionals owe a debt to Angela particularly and those brave enough to join her in those early days namely the Australians Sue Newman , Barbara Wall and Lyle Hubinger .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a5562f8c76669cce38f74c820470f73", "text": "Stella Mbachu Stella Mbachu is a Nigerian professional soccer player .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f070d9076b81460acb19a9aa4614b1e", "text": "Tsvetana Pironkova Tsvetana Pironkova ( Цветана Кирилова Пиронкова -LSB- tsvɛˈtana pirɔnˈkɔva -RSB- ) ( born 13 September 1987 ) is a Bulgarian tennis player and the current no. 1 Bulgarian in the WTA rankings . She is right-handed and plays with a two-handed backhand . Born in Plovdiv , Pironkova started playing tennis at the age of four on being introduced to the sport by her father , who later coached her . After playing at a junior level and winning Atlantic Cup , she made her senior international tournament debut in 2002 at the International Tennis Federation circuit . Early in her career , Pironkova won six international singles titles at the ITF circuit . Pironkova made her WTA tour debut at the İstanbul Cup in 2005 , and achieved moderate success earlier in her career . That changed in 2010 , when she entered Wimbledon with a 1 -- 4 career record at the event , and went on reach the semifinals of the tournament , becoming the second Bulgarian tennis player in history to reach the semifinal stage of a Grand Slam in singles . She garnered wide recognition for her performance , and after her semifinal finish reached her highest WTA Singles ranking at no. 31 in September 2010 . Pironkova followed it up with a quarterfinal run at the event the following year , earning her the nickname `` The Wimbledon Darkhorse '' . She is also known defeating Venus Williams three times at Grand Slam tournaments , twice at Wimbledon . Pironkova won her first WTA title at the 2014 Apia International , defeating three top-10 ranked players in a row . She defeated the world no. 2 Agnieszka Radwańska in the fourth round of the 2016 French Open , reaching her quarterfinal at a Grand Slam other than Wimbledon . In addition to this , Pironkova has a total of twelve wins over other top-10 ranked players to her name . She also holds the second longest active streak of the most consecutive Grand Slam appearances at 45 , only behind Jelena Jankovic . Pironkova has been recognized by The New York Times for her `` cerebral '' grass-court abilities and named one of the most beautiful women in sports by MSN .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1918126b1ab58bdde7e09c3664a5dcb5", "text": "Elena Danilova Elena Yurievna Danilova is an international Russian football forward playing for Ryazan VDV . At 16 she took part in the 2003 World Cup . She scored Russia 's last goal in the tournament , in the quarterfinals against eventual champions Germany . Two years later she led with 9 goals the Under-19 NT in Russia 's first international women 's football triumph , the 2005 U-19 Euro . Danilova was named the competition 's MVP . The following year she was included in the 2006 U-20 World Cup All-Star Team . She was also the top scorer of the 2006 U-19 Euro . Danilova missed the 2008 season and the 2009 Euro qualifying because of a knee injury she suffered during a move to WPSL 's FC Indiana , but she recovered in time for the tournament and took part in Russia 's three games . She scored five goals in the 2011 World Cup qualifying , four of them against Kazakhstan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd6b1f9dd2b5b596f60116130a542a82", "text": "Grand Slam Cup The Grand Slam Cup was a tennis tournament held annually at the Olympiahalle in Munich in Germany from 1990 through 1999 . The event was organized by the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) , which invited the best-performing players in the year 's Grand Slam events to compete in the Grand Slam Cup . The tournament was created in 1990 and was played on indoor carpet courts . From 1990 to 1996 , it was held in December but was moved to the middle of autumn from 1997 to 1999 . From 1990 to 1997 the tournament was limited to male players . A women 's Cup was added in 1998 and was held simultaneously with the men 's Cup . Throughout its existence , the Grand Slam Cup was famous for paying out the highest prize money of any tournament in tennis . The winner for the first three years of the Cup received US$ 2 million in prize money , which dipped to $ 1.625 million in 1993 , rose to $ 1.875 million in 1996 and back to $ 2 million in 1997 before falling to $ 1.3 million in 1998 . If the Cup was won by a player who had also won a Grand Slam event that year they received a bonus of $ 1 million . Prize money for the winner of the two women 's Cups was fixed at $ 800,000 . The Cup was not recognized by the Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) for the course of its run , and participants did not receive points in the ATP computer rankings nor have it credited as an official career title . Following the discontinuation of the Cup in 1999 , the ATP decided to give the event full recognition and added it to players ' lists of official titles . A compromise between the ITF and the ATP was announced on December 9 , 1999 which merged the Cup with the ATP Tour World Championship , the ATP 's year-end tournament also held annually in Germany , giving birth to the ATP World Tour Finals , an official tour event . A direct result of the merging of the two competitions can still be seen in the qualification rules for the ATP World Tour Finals , which included one notable difference from those of the ATP Tour World Championship . The Tour World Championship was meant to include the top eight players on the ATP computer rankings at the end of a season , even though this could mean the exclusion of a Grand Slam champion who had not been able to earn sufficient ranking points in the rest of the year . Present Finals rules ensure the participation of a Grand Slam champion who is unable to earn a top eight ranking at the end of the season and automatic qualification for the top seven players in the computer rankings . The eighth ranked player , however , qualifies only if all Grand Slam singles champions are among the top eight . Any Grand Slam event champion who is not in the top eight but is still in the top twenty is included to the detriment of the eighth ranked player . This situation occurred at the 2004 Tennis Masters Cup , where Andre Agassi , the 8th ranked player in the ATP Champions Race , was excluded from the event in favor of Gastón Gaudio , who had won that year 's French Open but was ranked 10th at the end of the year . Pete Sampras was the most successful player at this event winning two titles out of three final appearances .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "6d49f4df117b505e6a2b5ef670b287d3", "text": "Richard Dreyfuss Richard Stephen Dreyfuss ( -LSB- ˈdraɪfəs -RSB- originally Dreyfus ; born October 29 , 1947 ) is an American actor best known for starring in American Graffiti , Jaws , Stand By Me , Close Encounters of the Third Kind , Down and Out in Beverly Hills , The Goodbye Girl , Always , and Mr. Holland 's Opus . Dreyfuss won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1977 for The Goodbye Girl , and was nominated in 1995 for Mr. Holland 's Opus . He has also won a Golden Globe Award , a BAFTA Award , and was nominated in 2002 for Screen Actors Guild Awards in the Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series and Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Television Movie or Miniseries categories .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "9a0a27aea9b3bb6eb5e3f0e01bd018a6", "text": "Martin Childs Martin David William Childs MBE ( born 1 July 1954 ) , is a British production designer . He won the 1998 Academy Award for best Art Direction-Set Decoration ( jointly with Jill Quertier ) for Shakespeare in Love , and was nominated at the 74th Academy Awards for his work on the film Quills . He has also been nominated once for the Art Directors Guild Award for Excellence in Production Design , and three times for a BAFTA Award for Best Production Design . In the New Year Honours 2002 , Childs was appointed as a Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire for his services to the film industry as a production designer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5c21976e1695580435fe2888059f512", "text": "Political Film Society Award for Democracy The Political Film Society Award for democracy is given out each year to a film that promotes , educates , and raises the awareness level of the public in the specific areas of democracy and freedom . This award has been handed out by the Society since 1988 . Depending on the number of movies that qualify , sometimes only one film is nominated for this award , but as many as seven have been nominated in years past . The film that first won this award was The Milagro Beanfield War in 1988 that was directed by Robert Redford . The only other award nominated in 1988 against The Milagro Beanfield War was Stand and Deliver . The award , as with any other Political Film Society Award , can go to a mainstream film , independent film , or even an international film . The Political Film Society looks at a broad selection of movies before it nominates them for an award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5349efb37d6a05cec1e9202ce515c28", "text": "List of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film This is a list of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film . The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) has invited the film industries of various countries to submit their best film for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film every year since the award was created in 1956 . The award is presented annually by the Academy to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non-English dialogue . The Foreign Language Film Award Committee oversees the process and reviews all the submitted films . Nine shortlisted contenders will be revealed a week before the announcement of the Oscar nominations . The submitted motion pictures must be first released theatrically in their respective countries between 1 October 2011 , and 30 September 2012 . On 8 October 2012 , the Academy announced the final list of eligible submissions , with a record number of 71 films . Nine finalists were announced in December 2012 , which were shortlisted in January , with the final five nominees announced on 10 January 2013 . The Austrian entry Amour directed by Michael Haneke was the eventual winner . Kenya submitted its first film in the Foreign Language category with Nairobi Half Life . Cambodia made its first submission in 18 years ( and its second overall ) with Lost Loves .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b60c17dcd37553dda4ac0ab104ac1ea9", "text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier . The award was first given in 1977 but in the years following was often given as a singular award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac15bbc56715bc55dcc6de3bda402349", "text": "César Award for Best Original Screenplay The César Award for Best Original Screenplay ( César du meilleur scénario original ) is an award presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma . It was initially awarded from 1983 to 1985 , and then awarded again in 2006 , when the original category ( César Award for Best Writing ) was split into two awards , the other being César Award for Best Adaptation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "601c999353b05e482bdc578bda7fd3f5", "text": "38th Saturn Awards The 38th Saturn Awards , honoring the best in science fiction , fantasy and horror film and television in 2011 , were held on July 26 , 2012 in Burbank , California . The awards are presented by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy and Horror Films . The six Best Film Award categories were respectively won by Rise of the Planet of the Apes ( Science Fiction ) , Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 ( Fantasy ) , The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( Horror or Thriller ) , Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol ( Action or Adventure ) , The Skin I Live In ( International ) and Puss in Boots ( Animated ) . Rise of the Planet of the Apes and Super 8 led the winners with three each . In the television categories , Breaking Bad won three of its six nominations , including Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series . Fringe , The Walking Dead and Teen Wolf won the other Best Series Awards . Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 became the first Harry Potter film to win Best Fantasy Film , for which the seven previous Harry Potter films were nominated , and only the second film of the series to win a Saturn Award , following The Philosopher 's Stone which won Best Costume in 2001 . Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol also became the first Mission : Impossible film to win Best Action or Adventure Film , following the nominations of the first and third installments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55a7d015872d39d71a3ba6e38d4e355e", "text": "Black Reel Awards The Black Reel Awards , or `` BRAs '' , is an annual American awards ceremony hosted by the Foundation for the Augmentation of African-Americans in Film ( FAAAF ) to recognize excellence in African-American , as well as those of African diaspora 's cinematic achievements in the around the world film industry as assessed by the Academy 's voting membership . The various category winners are awarded a copy of a statuette , officially called the Black Reel Award . The awards , first presented in 2000 in Washington , DC , are overseen by FAAAF . The awards ceremony was initially awarded online their first two years before the first live show in 2002 . The awards have broadcast to radio since 2014 . Currently , the Black Reel Awards is the oldest cinema-exclusive awards ceremony for African-Americans . The 16th Annual Black Reel Awards ceremony was held on February 18 , 2016 . A total of 315 Black Reel Awards have been presented since the inception of the award through the 16th .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74f93e0245e849115ba87937befaf348", "text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play The Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Laurence Olivier . The award was originally entitled Play of the Year but was later renamed in 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "adde01a7b78715192b5fb5199f349b16", "text": "Filmfare Award for Best Special Effects The Filmfare Best Special Effects Award is given by the Filmfare magazine as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films . It was first given in the year 2007 where Five films Don - The Chase Begins Again , Dhoom 2 , Krrish , Rang De Basanti and Jaan-E-Mann were nominated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56563307d80f178eefa7f73cb22d6e44", "text": "78th Academy Awards The 78th Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , took place on March 5 , 2006 , at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood , Los Angeles beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. . The ceremony was scheduled one week later than usual to avoid conflicting with the 2006 Winter Olympics . During the ceremony , AMPAS presented Academy Awards ( commonly referred to as Oscars ) in 24 categories honoring films released in 2005 . The ceremony , televised in the United States by ABC , was produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J. Horvitz . Actor Jon Stewart hosted the show for the first time . Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills , California held on February 18 , the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Rachel McAdams . Crash won three awards including Academy Award for Best Picture . Other winners included Brokeback Mountain , King Kong , and Memoirs of a Geisha also with three awards apiece , and Capote , The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe , The Constant Gardener , Hustle and Flow , March of the Penguins , The Moon and the Son : An Imagined Conversation , A Note of Triumph : The Golden Age of Norman Corwin , Six Shooter , Syriana , Tsotsi , Walk the Line , and Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit with one each . The telecast garnered nearly 39 million viewers in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8938a970761eccd515ea678bfeeb5283", "text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier . The Olivier Awards are the most prestigious theatrical awards in the United Kingdom and are the UK equivalent of the Tony Awards . Until 2015 , the Olivier Awards did not honour supporting musical performances separately and was therefore a unisex category , honouring both male and female actors . Starting with the 2015 ceremony , the awards have been separated into Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Musical and Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6620828ce45de69990112f3dcfe31176", "text": "Critics' Circle Award for Distinguished Service to the Arts Each year since 1988 The Critics ' Circle has presented an award for Distinguished Service to the Arts , voted for by all members of the Circle , embracing Dance , Drama , Film , Music , Visual Arts and Architecture . This performing arts Award takes the form of an engraved crystal rose bowl , presented at a celebratory luncheon . The recipients were : 1988 Sir Peter Hall 1989 Dame Ninette de Valois 1990 Sir Michael Tippett 1991 Sir David Lean 1992 Sir John Mills 1993 Sir Peter Ustinov 1994 Sir John Drummond 1995 Sir Peter Wright 1996 Sir Richard Eyre 1997 Dame Judi Dench 1998 Sir Edward Downes 1999 Harold Pinter 2000 Dame Alicia Markova 2001 Paul Scofield 2002 Sir Alfred Brendel 2003 Sir Ian McKellen 2004 Mike Leigh 2005 Alan Bennett 2006 Dame Helen Mirren 2007 Sir Tom Stoppard 2008 Peter Brook 2009 Sir Alan Ayckbourn 2010 Ken Loach 2011 Stephen Sondheim 2013 Grayson Perry 2014 Sir Nicholas Hytner 2015 Dame Maggie Smith Category : Performing arts awards", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43b952be9977c135e8c98dbbbdf16134", "text": "British Academy Television Awards 2010 The 2010 British Academy Television Awards were held on 6 June 2010 . The nominations were announced on 10 May . This year new awards were added including the award for Best Actor/Actress in a Supporting Role . Graham Norton hosted the ceremony . Winners are in bold .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d3f56123540da179ece607c09c505eb", "text": "48th Academy Awards The 48th Academy Awards were presented March 29 , 1976 at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion , Los Angeles . The ceremonies were presided over by Walter Matthau , Robert Shaw , George Segal , Goldie Hawn , and Gene Kelly . This year , ABC took over broadcast rights from NBC , and continues to broadcast them today . ( NBC 's coverage of the 1976 NCAA Final Four aired opposite the ceremony ; during the presentation of the Best Film Editing award , the winner was jokingly announced ( by presenter Elliott Gould ) as `` Indiana , 86 -- 68 '' ; the Indiana Hoosiers had won the NCAA Final Four that night . ) Miloš Forman 's One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest made a `` clean sweep '' of the major categories : Best Picture , Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Director and Best Screenplay ( Adapted ) . It was the second of three films to date to accomplish the sweep , following It Happened One Night in 1934 and preceding The Silence of the Lambs in 1991 . French actress Isabelle Adjani received her first nomination for Best Actress this year , making Adjani , 20 at the time , the youngest actress to be nominated in the leading actress category , breaking the record set by 22-year-old Elizabeth Hartman in 1967 . This record would later be surpassed by 13-year-old Keisha Castle-Hughes in 2004 , and again in 2013 by nine-year old Quvenzhane Wallis . Adjani also presented the Best Film Editing award that night along with Gould who delivered the Indiana joke during the presentation . At age 80 , George Burns became the oldest acting and Best Supporting Actor awardee , a record which stood until Jessica Tandy won Best Actress in 1989 . For males , Burns was succeeded by Christopher Plummer , who won Best Supporting Actor in 2012 for Beginners at the age of 82 . Jaws was followed 25 years later by Traffic for a film that won all its nominations except Best Picture . Jaws is one of the few films to be nominated for Best Picture but not for directing , acting , or writing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c2ee1995bddb99a3d78a9eb30dd9f58", "text": "César Award for Best Supporting Actress The César Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role ( French : César de la meilleure actrice dans un second rôle ) is one of the César Awards , presented annually by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma to recognize the outstanding performance in a supporting role of an actress who has worked within the French film industry during the year preceding the ceremony . Nominees and winner are selected via a run-off voting by all the members of the Académie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2697534c898057c5a2bd02d344978b17", "text": "British Academy Television Awards 2011 The 2011 British Academy Television Awards were held on 22 May 2011 . The nominations were announced on 26 April . Graham Norton hosted the ceremony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2227ab834f2434a56ea7f9dd5140e677", "text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Musical The Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Musical is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dff3afb9cc207bc396c07c1ecb151bab", "text": "3rd Empire Awards The 3rd Empire Awards ceremony , presented by the British film magazine Empire , honored the best films of 1997 and took place in 1998 . During the ceremony , Empire presented Empire Awards in nine categories as well as one honorary award . The awards were sponsored by Stella Artois for the first time . All of the winners this year won one award each . The Full Monty won the award for Best British Film , while Men in Black won the award for Best Film . Other winners included A Life Less Ordinary , Hamlet , Jerry Maguire , L.A. Confidential , Nil by Mouth , The Crucible and The English Patient . Dennis Hopper received the Lifetime Achievement Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88cd9e5e598dd57a247761fc11585a3a", "text": "Barry Award (for comedy) The Barry Award is an annual prize presented to the most outstanding comedy act at the Melbourne International Comedy Festival . It has been awarded since 1998 , when it was introduced as the Stella Award , and was renamed in 2000 in honour of Barry Humphries , one of the festival 's founding patrons . The Barry is generally regarded as the most prestigious award of the festival , and the winner receives a trophy and cash prize .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d969224dbfa75588c391d06ce227a2f0", "text": "U2 U2 are an Irish rock band from Dublin formed in 1976 . The group consists of Bono ( lead vocals and rhythm guitar ) , the Edge ( lead guitar , keyboards , and backing vocals ) , Adam Clayton ( bass guitar ) , and Larry Mullen Jr. ( drums and percussion ) . Initially rooted in post-punk , U2 's sound grew to incorporate influences from many genres of popular music , yet has maintained an anthemic sound built on Bono 's expressive vocals and the Edge 's effects-based guitar textures . Their lyrics , often embellished with spiritual imagery , focus on personal themes and sociopolitical concerns . Popular for their live performances , the group have staged several ambitious and elaborate tours over their career . The band formed at Mount Temple Comprehensive School in 1976 when the members were teenagers with limited musical proficiency . Within four years , they signed with Island Records and released their debut album , Boy ( 1980 ) . Subsequent work such as their first UK number-one album , War ( 1983 ) , and the singles `` Sunday Bloody Sunday '' and `` Pride ( In the Name of Love ) '' helped establish U2 's reputation as a politically and socially conscious group . By the mid-1980s , they had become renowned globally for their live act , highlighted by their performance at Live Aid in 1985 . The group 's fifth album , The Joshua Tree ( 1987 ) , made them international superstars and was their greatest critical and commercial success . Topping music charts around the world , it produced their only number-one singles in the US , `` With or Without You '' and `` I Still Have n't Found What I 'm Looking For '' . Facing a backlash and creative stagnation , U2 reinvented themselves in the 1990s through a new musical direction and public image . Beginning with their acclaimed seventh album , Achtung Baby ( 1991 ) , and the multimedia intensive Zoo TV Tour , the band integrated influences from alternative rock , electronic dance music , and industrial music into their sound , and embraced a more ironic , flippant image . This experimentation continued through their ninth album , Pop ( 1997 ) , and the PopMart Tour , which were mixed successes . U2 regained critical and commercial favour with the records All That You Ca n't Leave Behind ( 2000 ) and How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb ( 2004 ) , which established a more conventional , mainstream sound for the group . Their U2 360 ° Tour of 2009 -- 2011 is the highest-attended and highest-grossing concert tour in history . The group 's thirteenth album , Songs of Innocence ( 2014 ) , was released at no cost through the iTunes Store , but received criticism for its automatic placement in users ' music libraries . U2 have released 13 studio albums and are one of the world 's best-selling music artists of all time , having sold more than 170 million records worldwide . They have won 22 Grammy Awards , more than any other band , and in 2005 , they were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in their first year of eligibility . Rolling Stone ranked U2 at number 22 on its list of the `` 100 Greatest Artists of All Time '' . Throughout their career , as a band and as individuals , they have campaigned for human rights and philanthropic causes , including Amnesty International , Jubilee 2000 , the ONE/DATA campaigns , Product Red , War Child , and Music Rising .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "971e5f6797ce441932a881cbb185cf67", "text": "The Joshua Tree The Joshua Tree is the fifth studio album by Irish rock band U2 . It was produced by Daniel Lanois and Brian Eno , and was released on 9 March 1987 on Island Records . In contrast to the ambient experimentation of their 1984 release , The Unforgettable Fire , the band aimed for a harder-hitting sound within the limitation of conventional song structures on The Joshua Tree . The album is influenced by American and Irish roots music , and through sociopolitically conscious lyrics embellished with spiritual imagery , it contrasts the group 's antipathy for the `` real America '' with their fascination with the `` mythical America '' . Inspired by American tour experiences , literature , and politics , U2 chose America as a theme for the record . Recording began in January 1986 in Ireland , and to foster a relaxed , creative atmosphere , the group primarily recorded in two houses . Several events during the sessions helped shape the conscious tone of the album , including the band 's participation in the Conspiracy of Hope benefit concerts for Amnesty International , the death of roadie Greg Carroll , and lead vocalist Bono 's travels to Central America . Recording was completed in November 1986 ; additional production continued into January 1987 . Throughout the sessions , U2 sought a `` cinematic '' quality for the record , one that would evoke a sense of location , in particular , the open spaces of the United States . They represented this in the sleeve photography depicting them in American desert landscapes . The Joshua Tree received critical acclaim , topped the charts in over 20 countries , and became the fastest-selling album in British history . According to Rolling Stone , the album increased the band 's stature `` from heroes to superstars '' . It produced the hit singles `` With or Without You '' , `` I Still Have n't Found What I 'm Looking For '' , and `` Where the Streets Have No Name '' , the first two of which became the group 's only number-one singles in the US . The album won Grammy Awards for Album of the Year and Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal in 1988 . The group supported the record with the Joshua Tree Tour throughout 1987 . Frequently featured on critics ' lists of the greatest records , The Joshua Tree is one of the world 's best-selling albums , with over 25 million copies sold . U2 commemorated the record 's 20th anniversary with a remastered re-release , and its 30th anniversary with announcements of an anniversary concert tour and reissue . In 2014 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' by the US Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Recording Registry .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a0d048dd623d2d514d40711a6fe6ae5d", "text": "Cultural impact of Elvis Presley Since the beginning of his career , Elvis Presley has had an extensive cultural impact . According to Rolling Stone , `` it was Elvis who made rock 'n' roll the international language of pop . '' Rolling Stone encyclopedia of Rock and Roll describes Presley as `` an American music giant of the 20th century who single-handedly changed the course of music and culture in the mid-1950s . '' His recordings , dance moves , attitude and clothing came to be seen as embodiments of rock and roll . His music was heavily influenced by African-American blues , Christian gospel , and Southern country . In a list of the greatest English language singers , as compiled by Q Magazine , Presley was ranked first , and second in the list of greatest singers of 20th century by BBC Radio . Presley sang both hard driving rockabilly , rock and roll dance songs and ballads , laying a commercial foundation upon which other rock musicians would build their careers . African-American performers like Big Joe Turner , Wynonie Harris and Fats Domino came to national prominence after Presley 's acceptance among mass audiences of White American adults . Singers like Jerry Lee Lewis , the Everly Brothers , Chuck Berry , Bo Diddley , Little Richard , Buddy Holly , Johnny Cash , Roy Orbison and others immediately followed in his wake . John Lennon later observed , `` Before Elvis , there was nothing . '' During the post-WWII economic boom of the 1950s , many parents were able to give their teenage children much higher weekly allowances , signaling a shift in the buying power and purchasing habits of American teens . During the 1940s bobby soxers had idolized Frank Sinatra , but the buyers of his records were mostly between the ages of eighteen and twenty-two . Presley triggered a lot of demand for his records by near-teens and early teens aged ten and up . Along with Presley 's `` ducktail '' haircut , the demand for black slacks and loose , open-necked shirts resulted in new lines of clothing for teenage boys whereas a girl might get a pink portable 45 rpm record player for her bedroom . Meanwhile , American teenagers began buying newly available portable transistor radios and listened to rock 'n' roll on them ( helping to propel that fledgling industry from an estimated 100,000 units sold in 1955 to 5,000,000 units by the end of 1958 ) . Teens were asserting more independence and Presley became a national symbol of their parents ' consternation . Presley 's impact on the American youth consumer market was noted on the front page of The Wall Street Journal on December 31 , 1956 when business journalist Louis M. Kohlmeier wrote , `` Elvis Presley today is a business , '' and reported on the singer 's record and merchandise sales . Half a century later , historian Ian Brailsford ( University of Auckland , New Zealand ) commented , `` The phenomenal success of Elvis Presley in 1956 convinced many doubters of the financial opportunities existing in the youth market . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b710e41d7f02527707dbfa2c66a4f7a", "text": "Love Is Blindness `` Love Is Blindness '' is a song by rock band U2 , and the twelfth and final track on their 1991 album Achtung Baby . The song was written on piano by lead singer Bono during the recording sessions for U2 's 1988 album Rattle and Hum . Originally intending to give the song to singer Nina Simone , the band decided to keep it for Achtung Baby after playing it together . Thematically , the song describes a failing romance , mixing personal themes with imagery of metaphorical acts of terrorism . During the recording sessions for Achtung Baby , guitarist the Edge separated from his wife , Aislinn O'Sullivan . The separation had a major effect on the development of the song ; Bono said that the ending guitar solo was a cathartic experience for the Edge , as he snapped several guitar strings during the recording . `` Love Is Blindness '' made its live debut on the group 's 1992 -- 1993 Zoo TV Tour and was performed regularly during the tour , appearing in 154 of its 157 concerts . It was commonly played as either the penultimate or closing song ; as the penultimate song , it was usually followed by a rendition of the Elvis Presley song `` Ca n't Help Falling in Love '' . Following the tour , `` Love Is Blindness '' has been played live only two other times . The track was favourably received by critics and has been covered by multiple artists .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6440fb15d77625f15a1f50ec778963e", "text": "Testify (P.O.D. album) Testify is the sixth studio album by American recording group P.O.D. . It was originally set for a December 2005 release but finally slated for January 24 , 2006 by Atlantic Records . This is P.O.D. 's first major-label album not produced by Howard Benson . The full album was leaked to file-sharing networks on January 20 , 2006 , just four days before its release . It was also their last album with Jason Truby on guitar , before he left the band in December 2006 . This album was also available in the Testify ( Limited Edition ) version with a bonus CD ( called Beyond Testify ) featuring commentary by the band on every song on the album , as well as four bonus songs and a remix that did n't make the album . The album 's first single , `` Goodbye for Now , '' went on to become the No. 1 music video on MTV 's TRL and became P.O.D. 's unprecedented 4th No. 1 video . The song also enjoyed heavy play on the radio . Testify became the No. 1 selling Christian album on Billboard for several weeks and , as of May 2006 , had been in the Top 25 for a total of 16 weeks . It opened at No. 9 on the Billboard 200 with 58,000 scans and has sold over 210,000 copies in the US and over 500,000 copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5a772fa3d9e5819c02818a86e98cc51", "text": "Is It a Sin `` Is It a Sin '' is a song by British electronic group Deepest Blue . It was released in May 2004 as the third single from their debut album Late September . It reached number 24 in the UK Singles Chart . The track shares a common echoed guitar riff with U2 , which can be found prominently in U2 's `` Where the Streets Have No Name '' and other U2 songs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7dad7dfe6a64d6041daf4f81cc5e5ff", "text": "The Essential Johnny Cash (2002 album) The Essential Johnny Cash is a double-compact disc compilation by Johnny Cash released as part of Sony BMG 's Essential series . It was compiled to commemorate Cash 's 70th birthday . It is not to be confused with the three-CD box set of the same name released by Columbia Records in 1992 . The double album concentrates mainly on Cash 's first 15 years as a recording artist with Sun Records and Columbia , contains only eight post-1970 selections , and no selections from Cash 's work with Rick Rubin for American Recordings : Cash 's final hit single , a cover of Nine Inch Nails ' `` Hurt '' , was released ten months later . The album was certified Gold and Platinum on February 5 , 2005 and was certified 2 & 3 x Platinum on March 3 , 2016 for sales of 1,500,000 copies by the RIAA . It has sold 1,724,200 copies in the US as of April 2017 . Amongst the 36 tracks on the compilation are two songs that feature Cash prominently but never appeared on any of his albums : `` Girl from the North Country '' from Bob Dylan 's 1969 album Nashville Skyline , and `` The Wanderer '' from U2 's 1993 album Zooropa . As a testimony to Cash 's wide sphere of influence on country , rock , and other modern musics and his wide fan base , the liner notes feature testimonials and 70th birthday greetings from a wide array of artists - not only from friends and fellow travelers and collaborators like Willie Nelson , Kris Kristofferson , Tom Petty , ex-stepson-in-law Nick Lowe , and wife June Carter Cash , but from the likes of Keith Richards , Elvis Costello , Corey Taylor and Shawn Crahan of Slipknot , Metallica 's Kirk Hammett , and Henry Rollins .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc537674f91ab1f4ccea2d59ac584b65", "text": "Classic Albums Live Classic Albums Live is a concert series based in Toronto , Ontario , in which musicians perform a classic rock album in its entirety . The series was founded in 2003 by Craig Martin , a musician who had previously produced a series of boutique cabaret shows as well as composed music for television and film . The musicians go to great lengths to faithfully recreate every sound on the original album . They have performed with orchestras , sitarists , choirs and schools . The shows are treated like recitals with the album being performed in its entirety followed by a ` greatest hits ' set of the featured artist . Albums that have been performed include Led Zeppelin 's Led Zeppelin , Led Zeppelin II and Led Zeppelin IV , Bruce Springsteen 's Born to Run , Supertramp 's Crime of the Century and Breakfast in America , the Rolling Stones ' Sticky Fingers and Exile on Main St. , Fleetwood Mac 's Rumours , Eagles ' Hotel California , Guns N ' Roses ' Appetite for Destruction , Pink Floyd 's The Dark Side of the Moon , Wish You Were Here , The Wall and Animals , Queen 's A Night at the Opera , and the Beatles albums Rubber Soul , Revolver , Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band , The Beatles ( AKA the `` White Album '' ) , and Abbey Road . In recent years , the series has presented concerts in a variety of cities , including Orlando , Florida , Los Angeles , Philadelphia , Akron , La Mirada , Jacksonville , Gainesville , Lakeland , Coral Springs , New York , New Jersey , Dallas , Houston , Uncasville , Connecticut , Las Vegas , Nevada , and Rochester , New York . On December 17 , 2006 , Classic Albums Live performed the entire 213-song Beatles song catalogue in one 13-hour concert at the Phoenix Concert Theatre in Toronto . A different lineup performs each album . There is a group of core musicians who are frequently part of the performances , including Nick Hildyard , Rob Phillips , Lindsay Clark , Leslea Keurvorst , Troy Feener , Clifton David , Dom Polito and Marty Morin . Occasionally , more famous Canadian musicians are brought in as well , including Mia Sheard , Kim Bingham , Nicholas Walsh , and ex-members of Moist . In some venues , they will bring in local musicians to fill needed spots . For example , on June 16 , 2006 , the group performed the Beatles ' Sgt. Pepper album at the Hard Rock Live in Orlando ; they brought in the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra to fill in on the orchestral parts . When performing in Toronto , they usually play at Massey Hall . The producer of Classic Albums Live has created a musical called Gig which will run in 2016 . List of albums performed : The Beatles ' catalogue Led Zeppelin Led Zeppelin II Led Zeppelin IV Houses of the Holy Physical Graffiti In Through the Out Door Meddle The Dark Side of the Moon Animals Wish You Were Here The Wall A Night at the Opera Who 's Next Are You Experienced Boston Crime of the Century Breakfast in America The Last Waltz Rust Never Sleeps Harvest The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars OK Computer Ten Nevermind Regatta de Blanc Outlandos d'Amour The Joshua Tree London Calling Band on the Run Texas Flood Let It Bleed Sticky Fingers Some Girls Exile on Main St. Appetite for Destruction Highway to Hell Back in Black Born to Run Hotel California Rumours The Doors L.A. Woman Legend Pearl Paranoid Van Halen Thriller Purple Rain Nothing 's Shocking Woodstock 2112 Saturday Night Fever A Very Lennon Christmas Elton John Greatest Hits", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d274ce0861ebf8bce32fcb86260e0d37", "text": "Beatlemania in the United Kingdom The phenomenon known as Beatlemania originated in the United Kingdom , birthplace of the Beatles , when the band first realised enormous popularity there in 1963 . Returning in 1962 from a highly formative two-year residency in Germany , the Beatles achieved a commercial breakthrough with their second UK single release , `` Please Please Me '' early in 1963 , but gained `` Superstar '' status with the release of `` She Loves You '' later that year . There followed an almost non-stop series of concerts and tours , attended with feverish enthusiasm across the UK , for the whole of the following year . The Beatles ' popularity in the UK came to exceed even that of the notable American artists Tommy Roe , Chris Montez and Roy Orbison , whose UK chart success at the time did not keep them from being overshadowed by the Beatles during their 1963 nationwide tours with the lower-billed band -- an achievement previously unknown for a UK act . With intense media interest in the Beatles during 1963 , the year was also taken up with TV shows , press interviews and a weekly radio show . Despite these demands the band found time for many sessions in the recording studio , releasing two albums and four singles during the year . 1963 was also the year when Lennon 's son Julian was born . By the end of 1963 , Beatlemania would begin to spread internationally . The single `` I Want to Hold Your Hand '' entered the US charts on 18 January 1964 , selling one-and-a-half million copies in under three weeks , and the following month the Beatles made their first visit to America . The great interest in the Beatles brought about a major change in US attitudes to popular music and marked the start of the phenomenon known as the British Invasion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "125617ad3842f909d3963b03605d5249", "text": "U2 by U2 U2 by U2 is an autobiography written by the members of Irish rock band U2 and first published in London by HarperCollins in 2005 . Bono , The Edge , Adam Clayton , and Larry Mullen Jr. collaborated with their friend Neil McCormick , a staff music writer for The Daily Telegraph to write the only authorized biography of the band . It portrays the story of U2 in their own words and pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ebea77d0ef34c9d96b8cd0f5e99eae2", "text": "MTV Unplugged (Thirty Seconds to Mars EP) MTV Unplugged is an extended play ( EP ) and live album by American rock band Thirty Seconds to Mars , released in the United States on August 19 , 2011 by Virgin Records . It features an acoustic performance taped at Sony Music Studios in New York City on May 13 of that year for the television series MTV Unplugged . The show 's purpose is to present name artists , and feature them stripped of studio equipment . The performance was accompanied by musicians from the Vitamin String Quartet , a gospel choir and included the contribution of the band 's fans . The extended play includes rearranged versions of three songs extracted from Thirty Seconds to Mars ' third studio album , This Is War ( 2009 ) , and a cover version of a song by U2 . Upon release , MTV Unplugged received universal acclaim from music critics , many of whom complimented the band 's musicianship and the album 's production . Commercially , it debuted at number 76 on the Billboard 200 and experienced moderate success in some international markets .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4", "text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "add09e1d4094bddd881aaced4a9a47f8", "text": "Reputation and Rarities Reputation and Rarities is the name of a repackaged/re-released version of British singer Dusty Springfield 's 1990 studio album , Reputation . In late 1987 , there was a resurgence of interest in Springfield 's career , which was a direct result of her work with Pet Shop Boys on the duet `` What Have I Done to Deserve This ? '' , released in November of the same year . The single reached # 2 in the US Billboard Hot 100 and # 2 in the UK Singles Chart , Springfield 's highest simultaneous charting single ever . Springfield then worked with Pet Shop Boys on two further solo singles `` Nothing Has Been Proved '' , originally from movie Scandal , and `` In Private '' , both UK Top 20 hits for Springfield in 1989 . The culmination of Springfield 's new success was the album Reputation , released in 1990 . The original album was released only in the UK and reached # 18 in the UK Albums Chart , Springfield 's first hit album in her native country in over twenty years . In 1997 , the album was re-released ( this time in America as well ) as Reputation and Rarities , and included the entire Reputation album , along with two tracks recorded for the album , but never used or released until then , the ballads `` Any Other Fool '' , written by Diane Warren and Robbie Buchanan , and `` When Love Turns to Blue '' , a collaboration with British pop duo Climie Fisher . Also included was `` Getting It Right '' , written and produced by Steve Tyrell in early 1989 for the British movie of the same name , first released as one of the B-sides to the single `` Reputation '' , and the original 12 '' mix of the biggest hit from the album , `` In Private '' . Reputation and Rarities was subsequently given a second re-release by EMI 's European mid-price label Disky Communications , then repackaged with a third set of cover art .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3722301fe86dd9b5044bfd55b93192ac", "text": "Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary On May 14 , 1988 , the Atlantic Records label held its 40th Anniversary Celebration by staging a non-stop concert lasting almost 13 hours at Madison Square Garden , New York . The event was dubbed `` It 's Only Rock And Roll '' . Only artists who had released material on the Atlantic label in the United States performed , with the artists spanning the 40 years of the company 's existence . Lavern Baker and Ruth Brown were the longest tenured Atlantic acts to perform , while Debbie Gibson was the most recent Atlantic signing to make an appearance at the event . Some Atlantic signings , who had either officially split up or who had not performed together for a number of years , re-formed especially to perform at the concert . These artists included The Rascals , Iron Butterfly , and the former members of Led Zeppelin . Other notable performers included Yes , Genesis , Crosby , Stills & Nash , Keith Emerson and Carl Palmer ( representing Emerson , Lake & Palmer ) , Foreigner , Paul Rodgers , Bob Geldof , Booker T. Jones , Wilson Pickett , The Coasters , The Spinners , Peabo Bryson , The Blues Brothers ( featuring Dan Aykroyd and Sam Moore ) , Roberta Flack , The Manhattan Transfer , Bee Gees , Ben E. King and Vanilla Fudge . There had been plans to close the performance with a greatest hits all-star jam , but this idea was shelved . Instead , the former members of Led Zeppelin performed as the last act . The concert was broadcast live in the US on FM radio and HBO television , commentary for the latter being provided backstage by comedian Robert Townsend . HBO commenced its live broadcast a few hours into the event and interspersed footage of the concert which had been taped earlier by the network . In so doing , some of the artists ' sets were edited or omitted . An edited version aired later that year on ABC hosted by Robert Hays . Several banners heralding the reunion of Led Zeppelin band members were displayed like tapestry by excited fans , but , to their dismay , were taken down before HBO went with their live feed . The Audio was recorded by David Hewitt and Stanley Johnston on the Record Plant Black Truck . In the United Kingdom the event was broadcast over a period of four weeks by BBC 2 , presented as hour-long episodes . Atlantic Records later released this production on video under the title Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary : It 's Only Rock 'n' Roll . The release intercut concert footage with highlights from earlier performances , as well as older footage from the Atlantic archives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f360bf5f71ba0379f58ed253012c7de", "text": "Acrobat (song) `` Acrobat '' is a song by rock band U2 . It is the eleventh track on their 1991 album Achtung Baby . The critical failure of Rattle and Hum ( 1988 ) led the band to seek a harder sound in their music . The song developed from a riff created by guitarist The Edge , and is played in a time signature . Thematically the song contains elements of hypocrisy , alienation , and moral confusion . `` Acrobat '' has never been performed live , although it was rehearsed prior to the third leg of the Zoo TV Tour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f1f6b2e2485ce9e0d7fe113b9a67655", "text": "Back to Back (Status Quo album) Back To Back is the sixteenth studio album by English rock band Status Quo and released in November 1983 . For the first time in the group 's history , it featured four singles , `` Ol' Rag Blues '' ( highest position No. 9 ) , `` A Mess of Blues '' , originally a hit for Elvis Presley ( No. 15 ) , `` Marguerita Time '' ( No. 3 ) , and `` Going Down Town Tonight '' ( which reached No. 20 in a different , re-recorded version to the album version . ) The album entered the UK chart at its highest position of No. 9 . It was the last recorded before the group temporarily disbanded in 1985 and therefore the last to feature original bass guitarist Alan Lancaster and drummer Pete Kircher . Lancaster co-wrote the first single , `` Ol' Rag Blues '' , with Keith Lamb , lead singer of British bands The Kase , Sleepy Talk and Mr. Toad , and founder and lead singer of Australia 's successful glam rock band Hush . Lancaster was angered when the production company declined to release the version featuring his lead vocal ( which has since been made available as a bonus track on the 2005 remastered reissue ) , in preference to that featuring the voice of Francis Rossi . He also made no secret of his dislike of `` Marguerita Time '' , which he thought was too pop-orientated for the group . When they appeared on BBC 's Top of the Pops to mime to the single , his place was taken by Jim Lea of Slade , who were also on the programme that week . That Top of the Pops appearance was also notable for Rick Parfitt falling into Pete Kircher 's drum set near the end of the song while the song kept playing . On the DVD Hello Quo , Parfitt claims that he had planned this action , although many people thought he was drunk . On the same DVD , Alan Lancaster also said that he was n't so concerned with `` Marguerita Time '' as he was with `` Going Down Town Tonight '' , which - according to him - was not a Status Quo recording and featured no Status Quo musicians apart from Francis Rossi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b47d05f3af60c8fde37317c08a4883d", "text": "One Tree Hill (song) `` One Tree Hill '' is a song by Irish rock band U2 and the ninth track on their 1987 album The Joshua Tree . In March 1988 , it was released as the fourth single from the album in New Zealand and Australia , while `` In God 's Country '' was released as the fourth single in North America . The release charted at number one on the New Zealand Singles Chart . The track was written in memory of Greg Carroll , a Māori man the band first met in Auckland during the Unforgettable Fire Tour in 1984 . He became very close friends with lead singer Bono and later served as a roadie for the group . Carroll was killed in July 1986 in a motorcycle accident in Dublin . Following the tangi ( funeral ) in New Zealand , Bono wrote the lyrics to `` One Tree Hill '' in Carroll 's memory . The lyrics reflect Bono 's thoughts at the tangi and during his first night in New Zealand when Carroll took him up Auckland 's One Tree Hill . They also pay homage to Chilean singer-songwriter and activist Víctor Jara . Musically , the song was developed in a jam session with producer Brian Eno . The vocals were recorded in a single take , as Bono felt incapable of singing them a second time . `` One Tree Hill '' was received favourably by critics , who variously described it as `` a soft , haunting benediction '' , `` a remarkable musical centrepiece '' , and a celebration of life . U2 delayed performing the song on the Joshua Tree Tour in 1987 because of Bono 's fears over his emotional state . After its live debut on the tour 's third leg and an enthusiastic reaction from audiences , the song was played occasionally for the rest of the tour and semi-regularly during the Lovetown Tour of 1989 -- 1990 . It has appeared only sporadically since then , and most renditions were performed in New Zealand . Performances in November 2010 on the U2 360 ° Tour were dedicated to the miners who died in the Pike River Mine disaster .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e5e02d70d2216c10220aac0ca6a690c", "text": "Bad (album) Bad is the seventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Michael Jackson , released on August 31 , 1987 in the United States by Epic Records and internationally by CBS Records . It was released nearly five years after Jackson 's previous solo studio album , Thriller ( 1982 ) . Bad was recorded during the first half of 1987 . The lyrical themes include media bias , paranoia , racial profiling , romance , self-improvement and world peace . The album cemented Jackson 's status as one of the most successful artists of the 1980s . Bad saw Jackson exercise even more artistic freedom than he did with his two previous Epic releases ( Off the Wall and Thriller ) ; Jackson composed nine of the album 's eleven tracks , and received co-producer credit for the entire album . Nine of the eleven songs on Bad were released as singles ; one was a promotional single , and another was released outside of the United States and Canada . Five of the singles hit No. 1 in the United States , while a sixth charted within the top ten , and a seventh charted within the top twenty on the Hot 100 . Bad peaked at No. 1 in thirteen countries and charted within the top twenty in other territories . The only songs on the album which were not released as a single were `` Speed Demon '' and `` Just Good Friends '' , the latter being the only song on the album to also not have a music video accompanying it . The album continued Jackson 's commercial success in the late 1980s , and garnered six Grammy Award nominations , winning two . Aside from commercial success , the album was well received by contemporary critics . The album produced a record five Billboard Hot 100 number one singles , the first of two albums to do so , the second being Katy Perry 's 2010 album Teenage Dream . Bad was ranked No. 43 in the 100 Greatest Albums of All Time of the MTV Generation in 2009 by VH1 and number 202 in Rolling Stone magazine 's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time . As of 2012 , Bad had reportedly sold between 30 and 45 million copies worldwide and has been cited as one of the 30 best-selling albums of all time . In 2017 , the album was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America , denoting sales of over ten million copies in the United States . The album marked the final collaboration between Jackson and producer Quincy Jones .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33a9611aaceab1f5fc79bb06b9e72b42", "text": "Heavy metal lyrics Heavy metal lyrics are the words used in songs by heavy metal music bands , groups and artists . Given that there are many genres of heavy metal , it is difficult to make generalizations about the lyrics and lyrical themes . In 1989 , two metal scholars wrote that heavy metal lyrics concentrate `` on dark and depressing subject matter to an extent hitherto unprecedented '' in any form of popular music . Jeffrey Arnett states that metal songs are `` overwhelmingly dominated '' by `` ugly and unhappy '' themes which express `` no hope '' for the future . Deena Weinstein has proposed one way to analyze metal song themes is loosely grouping them into two categories : the Dionysian theme ( a reference to the Roman God of wine ) , which celebrates `` sex , drugs and rock and roll '' , partying , and enjoyment of life and the Chaotic theme , which involves dark subjects such as Hell , injustice , mayhem , carnage and death . Not all metal genres fall into Weinstein 's two theme model ; for example power metal 's lyrical themes often focus on fantasy and mythology , camaraderie and hope , personal struggles and emotions , among other themes . Another exception is pop metal bands , which replaced `` gloom and doom '' themes with `` positive , upbeat '' songs about romantic love and relationships , part of their goal of appealing more to female listeners . In metal overall , the small number of metal songs about relationships are typically about unions that have `` gone sour '' long ago . The thematic content of heavy metal lyrics has long been a target of criticism . According to Jon Pareles , `` Heavy metal 's main subject matter is simple and virtually universal . With grunts , moans and subliterary lyrics , it celebrates ... a party without limits ... -LSB- T -RSB- he bulk of the music is stylized and formulaic . '' Music critics have often deemed metal lyrics juvenile and banal , and others have objected to what they see as advocacy of misogyny and the occult . During the 1980s , the Parents Music Resource Center ( PMRC ) petitioned the U.S. Congress to regulate the popular music industry due to what the group asserted were objectionable lyrics , particularly those in heavy metal songs . The PMRC used music professor Joe Stuessy to testify against metal . Professor Stuessy alleged that heavy metal songs focus on violence , substance abuse , perversion , S&M , and Satanism . Robert Walser analyzed 88 metal songs ' themes to determine if Professor Stuessy 's claims were valid . In Walser 's analysis , the dominant theme in the metal songs was `` longing for intensity '' ; he found that the negative themes described by Stuessy and the PMRC were uncommon . Jeffrey Arnett analysed the lyrics from 115 metal songs : he found that the top three messages were `` grim ... themes '' about violence , angst and protest . Metal artists have had to defend their lyrics in front of the U.S. Senate and in courtrooms . In 1985 , Twisted Sister frontman Dee Snider was asked to defend his song Under the Blade at a U.S. Senate hearing . In 1986 , Ozzy Osbourne was sued because of the lyrics of his song Suicide Solution . In 1990 , Judas Priest was sued in American court by the parents of two young men who had shot themselves five years earlier , allegedly after hearing the subliminal statement `` do it '' in a Priest song . While the case attracted a great deal of media attention , it was ultimately dismissed . In some predominantly Muslim countries , heavy metal has been officially denounced as a threat to traditional values . In countries such as Morocco , Egypt , Lebanon , and Malaysia , there have been incidents of heavy metal musicians and fans being arrested and incarcerated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ff0db66024ddcf8bc7a58327af2ab1d1", "text": "From Elvis in Memphis From Elvis in Memphis is the fifteenth studio album by American rock and roll singer Elvis Presley , released on RCA Records . It was recorded at American Sound Studio in Memphis in January and February 1969 under the direction of producer Chips Moman and backed by its house band , informally known as `` The Memphis Boys '' . Following the success of Presley 's 1968 Christmas television special and its soundtrack , the album marked Presley 's return to non-soundtrack albums after the completion of his film contract with Paramount Pictures . Presley 's entourage convinced him to leave the RCA studios and record this album at American Sound , a new Memphis studio at the peak of a hit-producing streak . The reason for going to Moman 's studio was for the soul sound of the house band , ` the Memphis Boys ' . The predominance of country songs among those recorded in these sessions gives them the feel of the `` country soul '' style . This impression is emphasized by the frequent use of the dobro in the arrangements . In any case , the Memphis Boys have a solidly southern soul sound . From Elvis in Memphis was released in June 1969 to favorable reviews . The album peaked at number 13 on the Billboard 200 , number two on the country charts and number one in the United Kingdom , and its single `` In the Ghetto '' reached number three on the Billboard Hot 100 . The album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in 1970 . In later years , it garnered further favorable reviews , while it was ranked number 190 on Rolling Stone magazine 's 2003 list of the 500 greatest albums of all time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "417b6e16e9d6a00e769c3eee5632f86e", "text": "Zoo TV: Live from Sydney Zoo TV : Live from Sydney is a concert video release by rock band U2 from the `` Zoomerang '' leg of their Zoo TV Tour . Recorded on Saturday , 27 November 1993 at Sydney Football Stadium on the band 's featured stop in Sydney , Australia , it was released in May 1994 on VHS and Laserdisc , and re-released in September 2006 on DVD . It won the Grammy Award for Best Music Video , Long Form in 1994 . The show was also broadcast around the world live on pay-per-view . In 2006 , the show was released as the live album Zoo TV Live to subscribers of U2.com .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "823d0a461cd25fea71472abcf5bef8d2", "text": "Eat Pray Love Eat Pray Love is a 2010 American biographical romantic comedy-drama film starring Julia Roberts as Elizabeth Gilbert , based on Gilbert 's best-selling memoir Eat , Pray , Love . Ryan Murphy co-wrote and directed the film , which opened in the United States on August 13 , 2010 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b9ac798c334226b5708672dad0ddeb99", "text": "Love Songs (Vanessa Williams album) Love Songs , part of a series of compilation albums that features love/romantic songs from various artists ' , is the 3rd collection of hits by Vanessa Williams released in 2004 . The album features 12 songs , including hits like `` Dreamin ' '' , `` Save the Best for Last '' , and `` Just for Tonight '' , 2 previously unreleased songs in the U.S. , `` Alfie '' and `` April Fools '' , a remixed version of `` The Way That You Love '' , and `` Love Like This '' , which was taken from the B-side of the single `` Just for Tonight '' from The Comfort Zone album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4ecb85a1283a0fdfa715ad5bbf461d5e", "text": "Love Story (Johnny Mathis album) Love Story is an album by American pop singer Johnny Mathis that was released in February 1971 by Columbia Records and included a recent Oscar nominee ( `` What Are You Doing the Rest of Your Life ? '' ) , a flashback to 1967 ( `` Traces '' ) , a new song by Bacharach & David ( `` Ten Times Forever More '' ) , a lesser-known one by Goffin & King ( `` I Was There '' ) , and two songs that originated in film scores from 1970 and had lyrics added later : the album closer , `` Loss of Love '' , from Sunflower and the album opener from Love Story , which was subtitled `` Where Do I Begin '' . The norm for Mathis projects from this era was to cover recent hits , and the title track of this one was so recent that the version by Andy Williams began a 13-week run to number nine on Billboard magazine 's Hot 100 chart in February 1971 , coinciding with the release of this LP . The Mathis recording of `` Ten Times Forever More '' was released as a single on January 21 of that year and spent two weeks on Billboard magazine 's Easy Listening chart in March that included a peak position at number 32 . The album 's debut on the magazine 's Top LP 's chart was in the issue dated March 13 and led to a number 47 showing over the course of 18 weeks . Love Story was released for the first time on compact disc in 1995 as one of two albums on one CD , the other LP being his Raindrops Keep Fallin ' on My Head album from 1970 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1b2c763c83f176486a076d6e4b97c94", "text": "True Love Waits (song) `` True Love Waits '' is a song by the English alternative rock band Radiohead . Its lyrics address love , ageing , and abandonment . Radiohead first performed `` True Love Waits '' in 1995 , and singer Thom Yorke performed it alone on acoustic guitar or Rhodes piano numerous times in the following years . The band and their producer Nigel Godrich attempted to record it for their albums OK Computer ( 1997 ) , Kid A ( 2000 ) and Amnesiac ( 2001 ) , but struggled to find an arrangement that satisfied them , and it became one of their most famous unreleased songs . A live recording from the Amnesiac tour was released on I Might Be Wrong : Live Recordings ( 2001 ) . In 2016 , a studio version of `` True Love Waits '' was finally released as the closing track on Radiohead 's ninth album , A Moon Shaped Pool , rearranged as a minimal piano ballad . Both versions of the song received positive reviews , and several critics felt the long wait made the studio version more powerful . Though it was not released as a single , `` True Love Waits '' entered the French SNEP and US Billboard Hot Rock Songs singles chart , peaking at 181 and 43 respectively .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "db08b8f64d1a14a8989ac5480451d2b7", "text": "Juicy Love (Happiness song) `` Juicy Love '' ( stylized as `` JUICY LOVE in digital formats ) is a song recorded by Japanese girl group Happiness , taken as the lead single from their second studio album , Girlz n ' Effect ( 2016 ) . It was released on May 28 , 2014 via Rhythm Zone and Avex Music Creative Inc. , and distributed in four physical formats -- two standard compact discs , music cards and a CD and DVD bundle -- and for digital consumption . The track was written and co-composed by Kanata Okajima , with additional music and production credits to Albi Albertsson and Patrick Hamilton ; co-production was handled by Exile 's Hiro . Musically , it is a dance-pop song that incorporates synthesizers and keyboards within its instrumentation . Although members Karen Fujii and Ruri Kawamoto provide vocals throughout the composition , the remaining five girls sing background vocals through the songs chorus . Lyrically , the song focuses of themes of enjoyment and love . Upon its release , `` Juicy Love '' received favorable reviews from music critics , with compliments aimed towards its dance nature and noted the creative progression since member Miyuu took over leadership of the group . Commercially , `` Juicy Love '' experienced moderate success in Japan , reaching the top 10 on both the Oricon Singles Chart and Japan Hot 100 . By June 2014 , the single sold over 30,000 units as reported by Oricon . An accompanying music video was published on the Avex Trax YouTube channel , depicting them in three rooms that focus on different fashion styles . In order to promote the track , Happiness performed `` Juicy Love '' on several television and live shows , and was subsequently used as the ending theme song to Nippon TV 's Pon ( 2014 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "352d1b9150eb774b1042bb8b35e9c486", "text": "The Whole Love The Whole Love is the eighth album by American alternative rock group Wilco , released on September 27 , 2011 . It is the first Wilco album that was released on their own label dBpm . Attendees at Wilco 's 2011 Solid Sound Festival at the Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art from June 24 to 26 could purchase the first single from the album , `` I Might '' . The entire album was streamed live on Wilco 's official website for 24 hours between September 3 and 4 , 2011 , and later streamed on National Public Radio . The album packaging and cover art are pieces by Joanne Greenbaum . On November 30 , 2011 , the album received a nomination in the 54th Grammy Awards for Best Rock Album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f76a10ba8796d9e2a1f5ee71e5bc254f", "text": "It's Love `` It 's Love '' is a song by progressive metal band King 's X appearing on their album Faith Hope Love . It was released in 1990 on Megaforce Records . It is the band 's highest charting single , peaking at # 6 on Mainstream Rock Tracks in 1990 . The song is much noted for its Beatles-like sound . The picture seen on the front can also be found on the back of the booklet of the album Faith Hope Love .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef52746e12c273d4097eb526053838cb", "text": "Lead Me On (Amy Grant album) Lead Me On is the seventh studio album , and eleventh overall album by Christian music singer-songwriter Amy Grant , released in 1988 through A&M Recordings . Lead Me On was a departure from its predecessor , the high-energy pop album Unguarded . Unlike Unguarded or 1991 's Heart in Motion , Lead Me On was not mainstream compatible . Only three of its songs earned mainstream airplay , all of them insignificantly ( the title song charted for two weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 , reaching No. 96 , and `` Saved by Love '' and `` 1974 ( We Were Young ) '' made the Adult Contemporary chart in minor positions ) . Christian music , however , praised the album . It would later be named the No. 1 Christian album of all time by CCM Magazine , in the 2001 book CCM Presents : The 100 Greatest Albums in Christian Music . The title song was featured in WOW # 1s : 31 of the Greatest Christian Music Hits Ever .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1e397351e5f4a248027863bc94ff079", "text": "Love Beyond Reason Love Beyond Reason is an album by Randy Stonehill , released in 1985 , on Myrrh Records . The album contained the hit single , `` I Could Never Say Goodbye , '' which was a duet with singer Amy Grant . Grant had recently become one of the biggest names in Christian music , and had crossed over into the mainstream with her Unguarded album . Stonehill also released a Love Beyond Reason Video collection in 1985 on VHS and Beta , which included videos of `` Love Beyond Reason , '' `` Until Your Love Broke Through , '' `` Hymn , '' `` You 're Loved Tonight , '' `` Still Small Voice , '' ( from Stonehill 's Celebrate this Hearbeat album ) and `` The Gods of Men . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "910b1165e6d62c52b57560f2eeb77173", "text": "Romantically Romantically is an album by American pop singer Johnny Mathis that was released on November 18 , 1963 , by Columbia Records and was also the final original studio album recorded by Mathis for the label prior to his moving to Mercury Records . Mathis had recorded exclusively for Columbia from 1956 to 1963 . After a brief stint with Mercury , he returned to Columbia in 1967 . His first Mercury project , Sounds of Christmas , was actually released six weeks before this one , on October 4 . Romantically made its first appearance on Billboard magazine 's album chart in the issue dated December 28 , 1963 , and peaked at number 23 over the course of 27 weeks . The first compact disc release of the album came on June 9 , 2009 , when it was issued as disc two of a two-CD set that also included his 1962 LP Rapture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7a23ce92264b69c2a62903d10f94b9b", "text": "Mai Kuraki discography The discography of Japanese singer Mai Kuraki consists of eleven studio albums , three compilation albums , two remix albums , nineteen video albums , and forty-two singles . Kuraki debuted in 1999 , while she was still in high school , through Giza Studio . The label initially marketed Kuraki in the United States under the name Mai K , and released the single `` Baby I Like '' ( 1999 ) . However , the single was a commercial failure which prompted the label to send her back to Japan . There , they released her single `` Love , Day After Tomorrow '' , which peaked at number two on the Oricon Singles Chart and was certified million by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAJ ) . The second single , `` Stay by My Side '' became her first number one single on the chart . Kuraki 's debut album , Delicious Way , topped the Oricon Albums Chart and was certified triple million by the RIAJ . In 2001 , her second album Perfect Crime was released , and it became another million seller , certified quadruple-platinum by the RIAJ . `` Winter Bells '' , released in 2002 became her second number one single on the Oricon Singles Chart , and its parent album , Fairy Tale , topped the Albums Chart . It sold over 700,000 copies in Japan and earned a triple-platinum certification from the RIAJ . Kuraki 's following albums -- If I Believe ( 2003 ) , Wish You the Best ( 2004 ) , Fuse of Love ( 2005 ) , and Diamond Wave ( 2005 ) -- all charted within the top three of the Albums Chart . Both If I Believe and Wish You the Best peaked at number one on the Albums Chart . The former sold over 400,000 copies and was certified two-times platinum by the RIAJ while the latter sold more than 950,000 copies and was certified million by the RIAJ . Kuraki 's next studio album release , One Life ( 2008 ) charted outside the top 10 , peaking at number 14 on the Albums Chart . However , the follow-up to One Life titled Touch Me ! ( 2009 ) peaked at number one , earning a gold certification . She has also collaborated with Tak Matsumoto of B ' z on the single `` Imitation Gold '' , which peaked at number one on the Oricon Singles Chart . In 2009 , she was featured on the single `` Sunao ni Ienakute '' by Zard , a rearranged version of the band 's 1999 song of the same title . The single peaked at number five on the Oricon Singles Chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "960406d1d776167070ef62a0a3cc3170", "text": "Hold on Love Hold On Love is an album released by the band Azure Ray . It was released October 7 , 2003 on Saddle Creek Records . This album is the 54th release of Saddle Creek Records . The song `` Across the Ocean '' was featured in the Korean drama Coffee Prince .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "058afefa67b6fb8d792ac9263a11fbbe", "text": "More Love Songs More Love Songs is a 1986 album by Loudon Wainwright III released on Rounder Records . Wainwright had moved to England , and this was the second album produced by ( and featuring ) Richard Thompson . Critically and popularly it is probably considered the peak of his 1980s renaissance . After three albums in four years , it would be another three years before he released the largely ignored Therapy . The style of the album combines purely acoustic staples like `` Your Mother and I '' with piano-driven ballads like `` The Back Nine '' and full-blown rockers like `` Vampire Blues '' and `` Hard Day on the Planet '' . Wainwright also careens emotionally from the sad `` Overseas Call '' to the laugh-out-loud `` Synchronicity '' . Wainwright also enjoyed a period of popularity as a regular on The Jasper Carrott Show in the UK , and many of the songs from his following album were written during this time as well as some ( still ) unreleased ones . By the late 1980s Wainwright was back in the USA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "63b0e68732a341854117b6d65a930b23", "text": "Sakura, Minnade Tabeta , literally `` Cherry Blossoms , Let 's eat together '' , is the third single by the Japanese idol group HKT48 , released on March 12 , 2014 . It reached number one on the Oricon and Billboard Japan weekly singles chart . It was the 19th best-selling single of the year in Japan , with 327,815 copies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f004cba75f57dcb369f9de3a2fe6143", "text": "I Love You Hereafter I Love You Hereafter - 2004-2009 Fish Leong 's Hits is Fish Leong 's second compilation album . It was released on 1 February 2011 by Believe In Music in a 2CD/DVD format , and the DVD includes 18 music videos . The new album is a `` sequel '' to her first greatest hits album The Power of Love that came out eight years ago . The album features two new songs , namely '' 比較愛 '' ( Compare Love ) and '' 蔚藍海岸 '' ( La Côte d'Azur ) , and 18 major hits from her six studio albums released from year 2004 to 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c32048169a05348ab4844239175e3485", "text": "We Gotta Pray `` We Got ta Pray '' is a song recorded by American recording artist Alicia Keys for her upcoming sixth studio album , originally planned for release in 2015 , now 2016 . A piano ballad , the song is regarded as Keys ' response to the police brutality controversies , namely the killings of Eric Garner and Michael Brown , that have caused nationwide protests in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2da40c1bae70d54841f9e9edde516b4", "text": "The Love Album The Love Album may refer to : The Love Album ( John Hartford album ) , 1968 The Love Album ( Bobby Vinton album ) , 1971 compilation album The Love Album ( Shirley Bassey album ) , 1990 compilation album The Love Album ( Doris Day album ) , 1994 The Love Album ( Westlife album ) , 2006 The Love Tour , a 2007 tour by Westlife in support of the album", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32782affeb2d727e25c22436e9dd0121", "text": "WOW Number 1s WOW # 1s is a two-disc compilation album of thirty one songs that have been heralded as the `` Greatest Christian Music Hits Ever , '' with recordings dating from 1988 to 2005 . It was released on April 5 , 2005 . The album features songs by FFH , Amy Grant , Rebecca St. James , Chris Rice , Avalon , and many other well-known singers and groups . It reached gold sales status in 2005 . WOW # 1s weighed in at 58th position on the Billboard 200 chart in 2005 , and at No. 1 on the Top Christian Albums chart in both 2005 and 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f672f4bfe40a8cfdf839e681940c6f9", "text": "The Love Club EP The Love Club EP is the debut extended play ( EP ) by New Zealand singer Lorde . At the age of 12 , she was discovered by Universal Music Group scout Scott MacLachlan , and began writing songs . In December 2011 , MacLachlan paired Lorde with producer Joel Little , and within three weeks , the pair had co-written and produced all 5 songs on the EP . In November 2012 , Lorde self-released the EP for free download via SoundCloud . On 8 March 2013 the record was commercially released by Universal Music Group and Virgin Records . An indie rock-influenced electronica album , The Love Club EP was well received by music critics , who praised its production and compared its style to works by Sky Ferreira , Florence and the Machine and Lana Del Rey . The release peaked at number two in New Zealand and Australia , and was certified platinum and septuple platinum in those two countries respectively . In the US , the record charted at number twenty-three on the Billboard 200 chart and have sold 60,000 copies as of August 2013 . To promote The Love Club EP , Lorde performed during various concerts , and `` Royals '' was released as a single .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "80155fc806070dbf0005968fca572d38", "text": "Love Songs (Yanni album) Love Songs is a compilation album by Keyboardist Yanni , released on the Private Music label in 1999 . The album peaked at # 1 on Billboard 's `` Top New Age Albums '' chart and at # 98 on the `` Billboard 200 '' chart in the same year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a253d707b0870bf3c45a73c6025cb920", "text": "Breathe (Faith Hill album) Breathe is the fourth studio album by country music recording artist Faith Hill , released November 9 , 1999 on Warner Bros. . Records . It won a Grammy Award for Best Country Album . Breathe is one of the most successful country/pop albums to date . It has been certified 8 × Platinum by the RIAA , for shipping eight million copies in the US . The album includes the singles `` Breathe '' , `` The Way You Love Me '' , `` Let 's Make Love '' , and `` If My Heart Had Wings '' . `` Breathe '' and `` The Way You Love Me '' Were both number 1 hits on the Hot Country Songs charts ; the former also reached number 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 and was the top pop song of 2000 according to Billboard Year-End . Several of the album 's tracks also charted from unsolicited airplay . Hill 's Breathe debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard 200 , a first for the country artist . The Warner Bros. . Nashville set sold 242,000 units , according to SoundScan . The album includes a cover version of Bette Midler 's 1998 song , ` That 's How Love Moves ' .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "0259eda54044b23281b6c8f477e86e41", "text": "Constantine (film) Constantine is a 2005 American-German occult detective action horror film directed by Francis Lawrence as his feature film directorial debut , starring Keanu Reeves as John Constantine , with Rachel Weisz , Shia LaBeouf , Tilda Swinton , Pruitt Taylor Vince , and Djimon Hounsou . With a screenplay by Kevin Brodbin and Frank Cappello , the film is based on DC Comics ' Hellblazer comic book , with plot elements taken from the `` Dangerous Habits '' story arc ( issues # 4146 ) and the `` Original Sins '' story arc . The character of John Constantine was introduced by comic book writer/creator Alan Moore while writing the Swamp Thing , first appearing there in June 1985 . In 1988 , the character of John Constantine was given his own comic book title , Hellblazer , published by DC Comics . The `` Dangerous Habits '' story arc was written by Garth Ennis in 1991 . The film portrays John Constantine as a cynic with the ability to perceive and communicate with half-angels and half-demons in their true form . He seeks salvation from eternal damnation in Hell for a suicide attempt in his youth . Constantine exorcises demons back to Hell to earn favor with Heaven but has become weary over time . With terminal lung cancer , he helps a troubled police detective learn the truth about her sister 's death while simultaneously unraveling a much larger and darker plot . Constantine was released in the United States and Canada on February 18 , 2005 and in Hong Kong on February 8 , 2005 . The film received mixed reviews and was a box office success , grossing $ 230.9 million worldwide from a $ 100 million budget .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "acf64dd80cc9697de0e1f5c74c47621d", "text": "Zatanna Zatanna Zatara is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published DC Comics . The character was created by Julius Schwartz , Gardner Fox and Murphy Anderson , and first appeared in Hawkman # 4 ( November 1964 ) . Zatanna is both a stage magician and an actual magician , like her father Giovanni `` John '' Zatara . As such she has many of her father 's powers relating to magic , typically controlled by speaking the words of her incantations spelled backwards . She is known for her involvement with the Justice League , her retconned childhood association with Batman , and her crossing of the Vertigo line with characters such as romantic partner John Constantine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be85844ab202ca8969a3c4a652a7800e", "text": "Ghost Rider: Road to Damnation Ghost Rider : Road to Damnation is a six issue comics miniseries starring the supernatural biker superhero Ghost Rider . It is written by Garth Ennis , illustrated by Clayton Crain , and was first published under the Marvel Knights imprint of Marvel Comics from 2005 to 2006 . Although `` Road to Damnation '' was the title of the story , the title of the book was simply Ghost Rider when it was first published . When the miniseries was collected into a single edition in 2006 , it was published under the name : Ghost Rider : Road to Damnation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9aea12ef24682f2fe795e3a1ba0caf0b", "text": "Hellfire Club (comics) The Hellfire Club is a fictional society appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The Hellfire Club often comes into confrontation with the mutant superhero team , the X-Men . Although the Club appears to merely be an international social club for wealthy elites , its clandestine Inner Circle seeks to influence world events , in accordance with their own agenda . Created by the Uncanny X-Men writer/artist duo of Chris Claremont and John Byrne , they were heavily influenced by a 1966 episode of the British television series The Avengers ( `` A Touch of Brimstone '' ) . The name `` Hellfire Club '' in fact has a historical precedent , having been a popular name for gentlemen 's clubs in the 18th century . Additionally , the hierarchy of the Inner Circle is modeled on the pieces of a chess set , with Black and White sets of Kings , Queens , Bishops and Rooks . The Hellfire Club and its Inner Circle were introduced in `` The Dark Phoenix Saga '' , attempting to subvert the X-Men 's Jean Grey . This incarnation , composed most notably of Black King Sebastian Shaw and White Queen Emma Frost , would remain prominent for many years . After their initial confrontations , the Hellfire Club and the X-Men settled into an uneasy alliance . This eventually changed as endless power struggles perpetuated a series of upheavals within the Inner Circle . The club has appeared in two X-Men animated series ( X-Men : The Animated Series and Wolverine and the X-Men ) , both times being renamed as simply The Inner Circle , due to the hesitations to use the word Hellfire in animated children series . Members of the Hellfire Club appeared in 2011 's X-Men : First Class as the main villains , led by Sebastian Shaw and Emma Frost .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ced05eef9ffac83662b4e2c14f405499", "text": "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) Captain Marvel , also known as Shazam , is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . Artist C. C. Beck and writer Bill Parker created the character in 1939 . Captain Marvel first appeared in Whiz Comics # 2 ( cover-dated Feb. 1940 ) , published by Fawcett Comics . He is the alter ego of Billy Batson , a boy who , by speaking the magic word `` SHAZAM '' ( acronym of 6 Greek `` immortal elders '' - Solomon , Hercules , Atlas , Zeus , Achilles , and Mercury ) , can transform himself into a costumed adult with the powers of superhuman strength , speed , flight , and other abilities . Based on book sales , the character was the most popular superhero of the 1940s , outselling even Superman . Fawcett expanded the franchise to include other `` Marvels '' , primarily Marvel Family associates Mary Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. , who can harness Billy 's powers as well . Captain Marvel was also the first comic book superhero to be adapted into film , in a 1941 Republic Pictures serial titled Adventures of Captain Marvel . Fawcett ceased publishing Captain Marvel-related comics in 1953 , partly because of a copyright infringement suit from DC Comics , alleging that Captain Marvel was a copy of Superman . In 1972 , DC licensed the Marvel Family characters from Fawcett , and returned them to publication . By 1991 , DC had acquired all rights to the characters . DC has since integrated Captain Marvel and the Marvel Family into their DC Universe and has attempted to revive the property several times , with mixed success . Due to trademark conflicts over another character named `` Captain Marvel '' owned by Marvel Comics since 1967 , DC chose to publish the character 's adventures in a comic book titled Shazam ! for many years , leading many to assume that this was the character 's name . DC later officially renamed the character `` Shazam '' when relaunching its comic book properties in 2011 . In addition , since 1972 , the character has been featured in two television series adaptations , one live action and one animated , by Filmation , and an upcoming Warner Bros. . Shazam ! feature film scheduled for release in 2019 as part of the DC Extended Universe . Captain Marvel was ranked as the 55th greatest comic book character of all time by Wizard magazine . IGN also ranked Captain Marvel as the 50th greatest comic book hero of all time , stating that the character will always be an enduring reminder of a simpler time . UGO Networks ranked him as one of the top heroes of entertainment , saying , `` At his best , Shazam has always been Superman with a sense of crazy , goofy fun '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e3efa5e25d936e577dbba0d8c4d6dd7", "text": "Constantine's Sword (film) James Carroll 's Constantine 's Sword , or Constantine 's Sword , is a 2007 historical documentary film on the relationship between the Catholic Church and Jews . Directed and produced by Oscar-nominated filmmaker Oren Jacoby , the film is inspired by former priest James P. Carroll 's 2001 book Constantine 's Sword .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93e636b66a673b411e265d5a1f5118ee", "text": "Legion of Super-Heroes The Legion of Super-Heroes is a fictional superhero team appearing in books published by DC Comics . Created by writer Otto Binder and artist Al Plastino , the Legion is a group of superpowered beings living in the 30th and 31st centuries of the , and first appears in Adventure Comics # 247 ( April 1958 ) . Initially , the team was closely associated with the original Superboy character ( Superman when he was a teenager ) , and was portrayed as a group of time travelers . Later , the Legion 's origin and back story were fleshed out , and the group was given its own monthly comic . Eventually , Superboy was removed from the team altogether and appeared only as an occasional guest star . The team has undergone two major reboots during its run . The original version was replaced with a new rebooted version following the events of the `` Zero Hour '' storyline in 1994 and another rebooted team was introduced in 2004 . A fourth version of the team , nearly identical to the original version , was introduced in 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "666e8ef6aa8bd100a9811a374c08559a", "text": "Army of Darkness (comics) Army of Darkness comics are based on the film of the same name published originally by Dark Horse Comics , and later by Dynamite Entertainment who initially published them through Devil 's Due Publishing . The stories follow the adventures of the Evil Dead series , Ash Williams , and has included a number of crossovers with a wide variety of characters such as , Marvel Zombies , Darkman , Freddy Krueger , Jason Voorhees , Dracula , Xena , Danger Girl , and Re-Animator .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b92730419869ff405098096e9167949e", "text": "Lobster Johnson Lobster Johnson ( also known as the Lobster ) is a fictional character featured in the Hellboy and Bureau For Paranormal Research and Defense comic books published by Dark Horse Comics . He was created by Mike Mignola . Within the Hellboy universe , the Lobster was a vigilante who worked in secret in New York City during the 1930s . Although the public believes that the Lobster was only the hero of pulp serials and comics , he was a real man who faced gangsters as well as paranormal threats . The Lobster had a reputation for violence , such as killing mobsters and burning his trademark lobster claw symbol into their foreheads with the palm of his gloved hand . This behavior was similar to the Marvel UK comic book character Night Raven , and the pulp magazine hero The Spider .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b8c8085016bfdb091f17fe3b98fcf31", "text": "Batwing (DC Comics) Batwing is a fictional comic book superhero appearing in publications by DC Comics . Within DC Comics internal continuity , Batwing is one of several superheroes patterned after the famous superhero Batman . Batwing , in particular , was conceived by Batman as his crime-fighting counterpart overseas , ` the Batman of Africa ' . The first Batwing is David Zavimbe , a Congolese police officer , created by writer Grant Morrison within the pages of Batman Incorporated prior to receiving his own eponymous series . Following later events within Batman Incorporated and Batwing , Zavimbe is replaced in the role by Luke Fox , an American mixed martial artist who had been Batman 's first choice in the role , who is also the son of Batman 's close associate Lucius Fox . Batwing faces a roster of adversaries ranging from international super villains to the Democratic Republic of Congo 's corrupt police force . Batwing expands the DC Universe by taking place in Africa , making David Zavimbe both the first ( in continuity ) black Batman and one of the few characters headlining a series outside the United States . Fox is also black , and becomes the first in-continuity African American Batman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3427ae0ac4c896a6618b3c0a4d99d65", "text": "Hercules (Radical Comics) Hercules is a Radical Comics character who has appeared in two limited series The Thracian Wars and The Knives of Kush , both written by Steve Moore with Cris Bolsin on art . The Jim Steranko `` Hercules '' from the cover of the first issue is also featured in solid bronze as the first in the Radical Toyz product line . Radical Toyz commissioned sculptor Chris Ingram to bring to life the art that represents Radical 's flagship title", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8459c8f30e481ac2f8552acfdc08d69e", "text": "American Vampire American Vampire is an American Eisner Award-winning comic book series created by writer Scott Snyder and drawn by artist Rafael Albuquerque . The series imagines vampires as a population made up of many different secret species , and charts moments of vampire evolution and inter-species conflict throughout history . The focus of the series is a new American bloodline of vampires , born in the American West in the late 19th century . The first of this new species is a notorious outlaw named Skinner Sweet , who wakes from death , after being infected , to find he has become a new kind of vampire , something stronger and faster than what came before , impervious to sunlight , with a new set of strengths and weaknesses . The series goes on to track his movements through various decades of American history -- along with the movements of his first and only known progeny : Pearl Jones , a young woman working as a struggling actress in the 1920s silent film industry when she is attacked by a coven of European vampires hiding in Hollywood . Sweet saves her ( uncharacteristically ) by giving her his blood , thereby turning her into an American vampire like him , at which point she seeks revenge on the classic vampires who attacked her in life . The complicated and charged relationship Jones has with Sweet is another focus of the series . The first five issues featured two stories -- one by Snyder and the other by Stephen King , both drawn by Rafael Albuquerque . As of the sixth issue , Scott Snyder has taken over as sole writer . American Vampire has spun off two mini-series . The first , `` Survival of the Fittest '' , illustrated by Sean Murphy focuses on the cases files of the V.M.S. , the vampire hunting organization of the series . The second , `` Lord of Nightmares '' , illustrated by Dustin Nguyen further focuses on the mythology presented by Survival of the Fittest . In June 2013 , a one shot co-written by Snyder and Albuquerque ( who also illustrates the 64-page issue ) , entitled `` Long Road to Hell '' which features vampire hunter Travis Kidd , was released .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25361dc58698cdc5d4e641ad2faf982d", "text": "Mercy (Vertigo) Mercy ( 1993 ) is an American graphic novel , written by J. M. DeMatteis and illustrated by Paul Johnson , published by DC Comics ' Vertigo imprint . It tells the tale of bitter , cynical Joshua Rose . While in a coma after a stroke , he finds himself drifting through states of Limbo . There he witnesses the personification of Mercy battling many of the personal demons and afflictions of mankind , including himself . Despite his initial hostility toward her , he finally comes to accept and appreciate her qualities .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e0d8fdc0fbe4e2b3fee74e9e7c63619", "text": "Batman: Anarky Batman : Anarky is a 1999 trade paperback published by DC Comics . The book collects prominent appearances of Anarky , a comic book character created by Alan Grant and Norm Breyfogle . Although all of the collected stories were written by Alan Grant , various artists contributed to individual stories . Dual introductions were written by the creatorsboth of whom introduce the character and give insight into their role in Anarky 's creation and development . Featured as an antagonist in various Batman comics during the '90s , stories based on the character were highly thematic , political , and philosophical in tone . The majority of the collected stories ( `` Anarky in Gotham City '' , `` Anarky : Tomorrow Belongs to Us '' , `` Anarky '' ) are influenced by the philosophy of anarchism , while the final story ( `` Metamorphosis '' ) is influenced by Frank R. Wallace . Although anti-statism is the overarching theme of the collection , other concepts are explored . Anarky 's characterization was expanded throughout the stories to present him first as a libertarian socialist and anarchist , and in the final story as a vehicle for explorations into atheism , rationalism , and bicameralism . Literary references are also utilized throughout the collected stories to stress the philosophical foundations of the character . The collection also tracks the character 's evolution from a petty , street-crime fighting vigilante , to a competent freedom fighter in opposition to powerful forces of evil . Critics have positively received some of the stories within the collection , analyzing Anarky as a unique force for political commentary and discussion within DC Comics ' storytelling . However , the expansive growth of the character 's unique abilities and characterization has also fueled criticism as having overpowered the character beyond suspension of disbelief .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ac9b47f5bae389633a818d3a790276b", "text": "The Dark Knight (film) The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman ( Bale ) , James Gordon ( Oldman ) and Harvey Dent ( Eckhart ) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker ( Ledger ) who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos . Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 ( 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker . A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists ( 287 ) than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics ( 77 ) named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65495df19ed569b15dc32e5b72015838", "text": "From Hell (disambiguation) From Hell is a graphic novel by writer Alan Moore and artist Eddie Campbell . From Hell may also refer to : From Hell ( film ) , a 2001 American/British film , loosely based on the comic book series From Hell letter , the original letter From Hell ( EP ) , a 2006 EP by Walls of Jericho ... from Hell , a British TV documentary series From Hell , the first episode of the third series of the British comedy series The IT Crowd", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1104881a6629969ac6d81f1c5f90fe51", "text": "Kajko i Kokosz Kajko i Kokosz ( Kajko and Kokosz ) is a notable comic book series by Janusz Christa , published in Poland between the 1970s and 1980s . It is centred on a story of two Slavic warriors named Kajko and Kokosz , loosely resembling both Asterix and Obelix , as well as two personalities from Christa 's earlier series on Kajtek i Koko ( set in contemporary and science-fiction background ) . The series consists of 20 volumes , as well as a number of shorter stories published in various magazines . In 2006 a short animated 3D movie was made . The series was largely popular in Poland and has been re-edited several times . It was also the basis of several computer games . Recently , several volumes were translated into other languages including Kashubian and Silesian , as well as a dialect used by highlanders from Podhale . Main characters in the series include castellan Mirmił , hypochondriac ruler of the village of Mirmiłowo , where Kajko and Kokosz serve as warriors ; Lubawa , dominating wife of Mirmił ; small dragon Miluś ; benevolent witch Jaga ; her husband , the good bandit Łamignat ( Bonebreaker ) , and the antagonists of the series : military knight order of Zbójcerze ( Banditknights ) , based on the Teutonic Knights , led by Hegemon , with his second in command , Hitler-like Kapral ( Corporal ) and Schweik-like Oferma ( Loser ) . The stories are written in tongue-in-cheek manner and contain light satirical elements , usually puns concerning reality of living in Communist-ruled Poland with characters sometimes mentioning labour unions , bureaucracy , commodity shortages and similar themes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ace57d0f3abbf532dbd9de956e5fa4d", "text": "Beowulf (DC Comics) Beowulf is a fictional character of the swords and sorcery genre published by DC Comics . The character debuted in Beowulf : Dragon Slayer # 1 ( May 1975 ) , and was created by Michael Uslan and Ricardo Villamonte . The character is based on the Anglo-Saxon mythic hero Beowulf , first depicted in the Nowell Codex .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0613cebcd7fd8f22e33f938530f6082", "text": "Liberators (comics) The Liberators are a group of fictional supervillains appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . These characters appear in comics set in the Ultimate Marvel universe . Created by Mark Millar and Bryan Hitch , they appear in the miniseries The Ultimates 2 . They are effectively the Ultimate universe 's equivalents of the Masters of Evil . The Liberators are a superhuman task force who appear at the climax of the plot arc . They spearhead an invasion of the United States and are from a coalition of nations opposed to the United States ' foreign policy . This international collective is made up of China , Syria , North Korea , Iran , and rogue elements of the French and Russian governments . The Liberators and their overseers are an opposing counterpart to the Ultimates and S.H.I.E.L.D. , respectively . `` We told you to stop making super people , America . We told you not to interfere with cultures you can never understand . This is what happens when your ambitions outstrip your capabilities . The empire takes a fall . Congratulations , ladies and gentlemen ... The Great Satan has just been liberated . '' - The Colonel", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d7b7bd08a8e84f087bfec3e69a5c1f9", "text": "Image Comics Image Comics is an American comic book publisher . It was founded in 1992 by several high-profile illustrators as a venue where comics creators could publish their material without giving up the copyrights to the characters they created , as creator-owned properties . It was immediately successful , and remains one of the largest comic book publishers in North America . Its output was originally dominated by superhero and fantasy series from the studios of the Image partners , but now includes comics in many genres by numerous independent creators . Its best-known series include Spawn , Savage Dragon , Witchblade , The Darkness , Invincible , The Walking Dead , Saga , and Chew .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "675784e891156f47b9d43662efc99c93", "text": "Kerberos Panzer Cop Kerberos Panzer Cop , also known as , is a 1988 to 2000 Kerberos saga manga written by Mamoru Oshii and illustrated by Kamui Fujiwara ( Studio 2B ) with mechanical design by Yutaka Izubuchi . This comic series tales events prior to those portrayed in Oshii 's 1987 live-action feature film The Red Spectacles . In 1991 , Mamoru Oshii directed the movie StrayDog : Kerberos Panzer Cops which is based on the first volume of Kerberos Panzer Cop . The complete comic series was loosely adapted for the screen in the 1999 animated feature Jin-Roh directed by Hiroyuki Okiura and written by Mamoru Oshii . Part One ( Act 1 ~ 4 ) of Kerberos Panzer Cop was published in various Japanese comic magazines from 1988 to 1990 , it was later completed with Part Two ( Act 5 ~ 8 ) published in Monthly Shōnen Ace from 1999 to 2000 . Translated versions of the complete series were issued in South Korea , Hong Kong , Macau , Malaysia and Taiwan in the early 2000s . A sequel named Kerberos Saga : Rainy Dogs was serialized in Ace Tokunoh from 2003 to 2005 , then published as an extended single volume in 2005 . An English language adaptation of the first four acts was published under the title Hellhounds : Panzer Cops in 1994 by Dark Horse Comics . The American translators from Studio Protheus , Alan Gleason and Toren Smith , randomly used the alternative titles Hellhounds ( Cerberos - sic - : Panzer Cop ) and Hellhounds . This adaptation was later issued in the United Kingdom by Diamond Comic Distributors in 1998 , and a translated version was published in the German magazine Manga Power in 1996 . On April 2010 , as a twentieth anniversary of the Original Edition ( 1990 volume compilation ) , Gakken publisher will issue Kerberos Panzer Cop a Revision : 20th edition , a planned revised version ( Act 1 ~ 8 ) with corrected scenes and `` digitally refine '' graphics by Kamui Fujiwara . A 16 pages extra Act Kerberos Panzer Cop : Special Issue ( 前夜-ケルベロス騒乱異聞 , zenya - keruberosu souran ibun ) was prepublished in Kerberos Panzer Cops : Tokyo War , the Kerberos Saga 's definitive guide .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "7521a7c459d159ea8c8f95b0e27b44c2", "text": "Jennifer Grey Jennifer Grey ( born March 26 , 1960 ) is an American actress . She is known for her roles in the 1980s films Ferris Bueller 's Day Off ( 1986 ) and Dirty Dancing ( 1987 ) , for which Grey earned a Golden Globe Award nomination . She is also known for her 2010 victory in season eleven of the American version of Strictly Come Dancing . Grey is the daughter of Academy Award -- winning actor Joel Grey and former actress/singer Jo Wilder . Grey currently stars in the Amazon Studios comedy series Red Oaks .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f7ce5064d571c39c7b1584a0b3b1b122", "text": "Houbunsha is a Japanese publishing company founded on July 10 , 1950 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cba7b20f4b31889a3ba7644643c444c7", "text": "George Lotrell Timanus George Lotrell Timanus ( January 31 , 1892 -- June 1981 ) was a physician who performed illegal abortions in the Baltimore/Washington , D.C. area from 1920 to 1951 . Timanus and one other abortion provider performed an estimated 90 % criminal abortions in Baltimore . In 1950 , Timanus used his criminal trial to challenge the abortion laws in the United States , as Aleck Bourne had done in the UK . However , his trial and that of another doctor , Edgar Keemer , were not understood as challenges by the public , and Timanus and Keemer did not recruit other doctors or patients to their cause in a way that might have built a movement or sparked national conversation . He was fined $ 5,000 , sentenced to six months in jail , and barred from further practice of medicine . Timanus participated in the Planned Parenthood Conference on Abortion in America in 1955 . He gave a detailed breakdown of his patients , of whom he kept meticulous records , noting that of 5,200 women on whom he had performed abortions , only two had died . As Garrett Hardin noted , this 0.04 % rate , in the days before antibiotics , was not only far lower than the mortality rate for women carrying to term at the time , but still only half the maternal mortality rate a generation later . At the conference , Timanus also lamented that of the 353 doctors who referred patients to him -- some of them , Timanus claimed , with letters recommending abortion -- none stood up to testify for him when he was arrested . Timanus asked referring doctors to make a written statement that the abortion was necessary because her life would otherwise be jeopardized . The breakdown of Timanus ' patients was as follows : Age 12 - 15 : 17 Age 16 - 20 : 688 Age 21 - 25 : 1,834 Age 26 - 30 : 1,268 Age 31 - 40 : 1,312 Age 41 + : 91 Single : 1,830 Married : 2,773 Widowed/Divorced/Separated : 607 Physicians : 7 Wives of physicians : 58 Nurses : 270 Mary Calderone , then Medical Director of Planned Parenthood Federation of America , noted that Timanus `` certainly seemed to be very competent and professional . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c565b9efc221fcf7f2ae9d28f01f63ec", "text": "Jennifer Welles Jennifer Welles ( born March 15 , 1937 ) is an American former pornographic actress in films of the 1970s , although she began her acting career in the late 1960s in the softcore sexploitation genre films produced in New York . Some of these include : Sex by Advertisement ( 1967 ) , Career Bed , Submission , and This Sporting House , by pornographic film director Henri Pachard ( all from 1969 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f58162fdad8d83fae3cc8c100e372ce5", "text": "The Golden Time The Golden Time is a 1949 novel by the Canadian author Harold Standish . It tells the story of the McGibbon family of Chatham , Ontario as they struggle with various troubles , including alcoholism , domestic abuse , and their ultimate triumph as owners of a tobacco farm in the countryside near Chatham . The novel was first published by in Toronto by Macmillan in 1949 , and was later reprinted in several paperback editions . Like other novels of the period by such contemporaries of Standish as Morley Callaghan and Hugh Garner , The Golden Time uses terse , straightforward prose reminiscent of social realist genre . As a significant departure from realism , however , the novel uses a number of time-shift sequences to emphasize the connections between the different generations of the McGibbon family . In this sense , the novel can be regarded as a precursor to such modernist Canadian novels as Sheila Watson 's The Double Hook and Hugh MacLennan 's The Watch That Ends the Night ( both published in 1959 ) . The Golden Time was Standish 's first novel . He published just one more novel , Blues for Loretta , in ( 1954 ) before giving up fiction to concentrate on poetry . In his biography of Standish , Douglas Scott quotes the legendary literary critic George Woodcock as saying that The Golden Time is `` a work that makes one wish Standish had turned his pen to fiction more often . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3605cdb5ae24852eeea8b9e77bdc1131", "text": "Harold Grey Harold Grey ( born December 20 , 1971 ) is a former boxer who was the IBF super flyweight champion twice in the mid-1990s . He was born in Arjona , Bolívar , Colombia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da21ac655b3987384f5be09cfa6895a9", "text": "Mary Pat Gleason Mary Pat Gleason ( born February 23 , 1950 ) is an American film and television actress and an Emmy Award winning writer . From 1983 -- 85 , she appeared on The Guiding Light as Jane Hogan . Since the early 1980s she has appeared on such television series as Full House , Dear John , Murphy Brown , Empty Nest , L.A. Law , Saved by the Bell , Murder , She Wrote , Friends , Step by Step , Suddenly Susan , Will & Grace , Sex and the City , Desperate Housewives , Family Matters , NCIS : Los Angeles , The Middleman , Up All Night , 1600 Penn , Motive , Baby Daddy , Grey 's Anatomy , Partners , Mama 's Family , Two Broke Girls and Mom . She has appeared in such feature films as I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry , Basic Instinct , Traffic , Bruce Almighty , 13 Going on 30 , The Crucible , Bottle Shock , A Cinderella Story , The Island , Killing Kennedy and Nina .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21623dfa225f619abbfe0fcb8ea6625e", "text": "London 1950 London 1950 may refer to : London International Stamp Exhibition 1950 London Nationals ( 1950 -- ) , a Canadian junior ice hockey team London Ski jumping competition 1950 & 1951 1950 World Ice Hockey Championships , held in London 1950 World Figure Skating Championships , held in London 1950 FA Cup Final , held in London", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e810b18b639466026dea3ac2b2b2b3b5", "text": "Lawrence Grey (producer) Lawrence Grey is a Canadian-American film and television producer . Grey launched his production company Grey Matter Productions in 2013 . Grey Matter 's first film , Lights Out , was released by Warner Bros. and New Line Cinema on July 22 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb290ae04ea85f00f80006908efd1935", "text": "Edward Lasker (businessman) Edward Lasker ( May 15 , 1912 -- July 11 , 1997 ) was an American businessman and Thoroughbred racehorse owner . He was one of the three children of Flora Warner and her husband , Albert Davis Lasker ( 1880-1952 ) , the owner of Lord & Thomas , a highly successful Chicago advertising agency , who was also the owner of the Chicago Cubs Major League Baseball team . Edward Lasker graduated from Yale University in 1933 . He then joined his father 's advertising agency where he worked until 1942 when he joined the U.S. Navy and served in the Pacific . In 1935 , he married Gimbels department-store heiress Caral Gimbel , but the marriage ended in divorce and Caral wed baseball star Hank Greenberg in 1946 . After the war ( by which time his father had left the advertising business ) , Edward Lasker moved to the West Coast of the United States where he became a film producer in Hollywood . In 1947 , Lasker married actress Jane Greer with whom he had three children . Their sons Alex and Lawrence Lasker are screenwriters and producers . In 1963 , Edward Lasker married Cynthia Stone Palmer . In 1929 , Edward Lasker became involved in Thoroughbred horse racing as an owner/breeder . After his marriage , his wife also became a race horse owner . At age forty , Edward Lasker went back to university to study for a law degree . After graduating in 1955 from the University of California in Los Angeles he began practising law . He served for many years on the boards of directors of Phillip Morris , Inc. and Great Western Financial . Edward Lasker was living in Los Angeles at the time of his death in 1997 at age eighty-five .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "505535e2adc60b968e3ff17037c51a4a", "text": "50 (number) 50 ( fifty ) is the natural number following 49 and preceding 51 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44b4f109a6f98f07abff559e204e34fc", "text": "Anne Bloom Anne Bloom ( born January 1 ( New Year 's Day ) , 1947 , in Los Angeles ) is an American former film and television actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0cb1b42e0a949eaf2cee3dadcf286880", "text": "Southern Ontario Gothic Southern Ontario Gothic is a subgenre of the Gothic novel genre and a feature of Canadian literature that comes from Southern Ontario . This region includes Toronto , Southern Ontario 's major industrial cities ( Windsor , London , Hamilton , St. Thomas , Oshawa , St. Catharines ) , and the surrounding countryside . While the genre may also feature other areas of Ontario , Canada , and the world as narrative locales , this region provides the core settings . The term was first used in Graeme Gibson 's Eleven Canadian Novelists ( 1972 ) to recognize an existing tendency to apply aspects of the Gothic novel to writing based in and around Southern Ontario . In an interview with Timothy Findley , Gibson commented that Findley 's novel The Last of the Crazy People shared similarities with the American Southern Gothic genre , to which Findley replied , '' ... sure , it 's Southern Gothic : Southern Ontario Gothic . '' Notable writers of this subgenre include Alice Munro , Margaret Atwood , Robertson Davies , Jane Urquhart , Marian Engel , James Reaney and Barbara Gowdy . Like the Southern Gothic of American writers such as William Faulkner , Flannery O'Connor and Eudora Welty , Southern Ontario Gothic analyzes and critiques social conditions such as race , gender , religion and politics , but in a Southern Ontario context . Southern Ontario Gothic is generally characterized by a stern realism set against the dour small-town Protestant morality stereotypical of the region , and often has underlying themes of moral hypocrisy . Actions and people that act against humanity , logic , and morality all are portrayed unfavourably , and one or more characters may be suffering from some form of mental illness . In a review of Alice Munro 's Dear Life for Quill & Quire , literary critic James Grainger writes that `` Violence , illness , and reputations ruined by a single indiscretion are accepted in Munro 's secretive , repressed communities as a kind of levelling mechanism , rough justice for those who dare to strive for something finer . '' The Gothic novel has traditionally examined the role of evil in the human soul , and has incorporated dark or horrific imagery to create the desired setting . Some ( but not all ) writers of Southern Ontario Gothic use supernatural or magic realist elements ; a few deviate from realism entirely , in the manner of the fantastical gothic novel . Virtually all dwell to a certain extent upon the grotesque . Notable works of the genre include Davies ' Deptford Trilogy , Findley 's Headhunter , Atwood 's Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin , and Munro 's Selected Stories . The genre has been criticised as having `` little or nothing to distinguish it from everyday , garden-variety type realism . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e9af57f1ab0384ad97b0687b70b3cc9", "text": "Waterfront (1950 film) Waterfront is a 1950 British black and white drama film directed by Michael Anderson and starring Robert Newton , Kathleen Harrison and Avis Scott . A sailor abandons his family , in the Liverpool slums . He returns years later causing family frictions . Adapted from the 1934 novel by Liverpool-born writer John Brophy , it was released in the U.S. as Waterfront Women .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ead7a7b62d445e809ee74400b8900cb", "text": "Jay Eaton Jay Eaton ( March 17 , 1899 -- February 5 , 1970 ) was an American character actor whose career spanned both the silent and sound film eras . Born on March 17 , 1899 in Union , New Jersey , Eaton entered the film industry with a featured role in the 1920 silent film , Her First Elopement . Over the next 32 years , according to some sources , he would appear in almost 200 films , usually in smaller uncredited roles , or as a background extra . During the course of his career , he would appear in many notable films , including : Morning Glory ( 1933 ) , A Night at the Opera ( 1935 ) , Mr. Deeds Goes to Town ( 1936 ) , Cover Girl ( 1944 ) , Rhapsody in Blue ( 1945 ) , Brewster 's Millions ( 1945 ) , The Big Sleep ( 1946 ) , The Blue Dahlia ( 1946 ) , The Kid from Brooklyn ( 1946 ) , The Fuller Brush Man ( 1948 ) , The Fountainhead ( 1949 ) , and Young Man with a Horn ( 1950 ) . His final appearance would be in William Wyler 's 1952 film , Carrie , which stars Laurence Olivier and Jennifer Jones . Eaton died on February 5 , 1970 , at the age of 70 , and was buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62b251e3e651f36db2a71dc7d392ce34", "text": "1950 in Portugal Events in the year 1950 in Portugal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40ba4ecaac43844eff1bcd5527906104", "text": "Sunset Boulevard (film) Sunset Boulevard ( stylized onscreen as SUNSET BLVD. ) is a 1950 American film noir directed and co-written by Billy Wilder , and produced and co-written by Charles Brackett . It was named after the boulevard that runs through Los Angeles and Beverly Hills , California . The film stars William Holden as Joe Gillis , an unsuccessful screenwriter , and Gloria Swanson as Norma Desmond , a faded silent film star who draws him into her fantasy world where she dreams of making a triumphant return to the screen , with Erich von Stroheim as Max Von Mayerling , her devoted servant . Nancy Olson , Fred Clark , Lloyd Gough and Jack Webb play supporting roles . Director Cecil B. DeMille and gossip columnist Hedda Hopper play themselves , and the film includes cameo appearances by leading silent film actors Buster Keaton , H. B. Warner and Anna Q. Nilsson . Praised by many critics when first released , Sunset Boulevard was nominated for eleven Academy Awards ( including nominations in all four acting categories ) and won three . Deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' by the U.S. Library of Congress in 1989 , Sunset Boulevard was included in the first group of films selected for preservation in the National Film Registry . In 1998 , it was ranked number twelve on the American Film Institute 's list of the 100 best American films of the 20th century , and in 2007 , it was 16th on their 10th Anniversary list .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44326c47d9124855a5e50c96161b8048", "text": "Rock Island Trail (film) Rock Island Trail is a 1950 Trucolor Western film directed by Joseph Kane starring Forrest Tucker , Adele Mara , Lorna Gray , Bruce Cabot , Chill Wills and Barbra Fuller .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45b265f14064c0e75c18a0eb3816bfa5", "text": "1950s American automobile culture 1950s American automobile culture has had an enduring influence on the culture of the United States , as reflected in popular music , major trends from the 1950s and mainstream acceptance of the `` hot rod '' culture . The American manufacturing economy switched from producing war-related items to consumer goods at the end of World War II , and by the end of the 1950s , one in six working Americans were employed either directly or indirectly in the automotive industry . The United States became the world 's largest manufacturer of automobiles , and Henry Ford 's goal of 30 years earlier -- that any man with a good job should be able to afford an automobile -- was achieved . A new generation of service businesses focusing on customers with their automobiles sprang up during the decade , including drive-through or drive-in restaurants and more drive-in theaters ( cinemas ) . The decade began with 25 million registered automobiles on the road , most of which predated World War II and were in poor condition ; no automobiles or parts were produced during the war owing to rationing and restrictions . By 1950 , most factories had made the transition to a consumer-based economy , and more than 8 million cars were produced that year alone . By 1958 , there were more than 67 million cars registered in the United States , more than twice the number at the start of the decade . As part of the U.S. national defenses , to support military transport , the National Highway System was expanded with Interstate highways , beginning in 1955 , across many parts of the United States . The wider , multi-lane highways allowed traffic to move at faster speeds , with few or no stoplights on the way . The wide-open spaces along the highways became a basis for numerous billboards showing advertisements . The dawning of the Space Age and Space Race were reflected in contemporary American automotive styling . Large tailfins , flowing designs reminiscent of rockets , and radio antennas that imitated Sputnik 1 were common , owing to the efforts of design pioneers such as Harley Earl .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ffe7873219cca2b64952668ba064b9c5", "text": "My Blue Heaven (1950 film) Not to be confused with the unrelated 1990 film . My Blue Heaven is a 1950 Technicolor musical drama film directed by Henry Koster and starring Betty Grable and Dan Dailey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ceb93db6ad57bbcd5bad960deed9a06", "text": "Paris Grey Paris Grey ( born Shanna Jackson , November 5 , 1965 , Glencoe , Illinois , United States ) is an American singer , most known for her work with the Detroit-based techno-music producer Kevin Saunderson , as Inner City . The group found international crossover success in the late 1980s and early 1990s with a mixture of electronic beats , sweeping synthetic strings , and Paris 's soulful vocals on tracks such as `` Good Life , '' `` Big Fun , '' and `` Ai n't Nobody Better . '' Grey recorded three Inner City albums , a Detroit techno compilation album , and an extended remix collection of Inner City tracks . A notable project for Grey prior to joining Inner City was the Chicago House 12-inch club hit `` Do n't Make Me Jack ( Tonite I Wan na House You ) '' on Housetime Records . Originally , Grey sang gospel music .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f38a55440a0d6d8dd56d752119e0d96e", "text": "Orson Welles George Orson Welles ( -LSB- ˈwɛlz -RSB- May 6 , 1915 -- October 10 , 1985 ) was an American actor , director , writer , and producer who worked in theatre , radio , and film . He is remembered for his innovative work in all three : in theatre , most notably Caesar ( 1937 ) , a Broadway adaptation of William Shakespeare 's Julius Caesar ; in radio , the legendary 1938 broadcast `` The War of the Worlds '' ; and in film , Citizen Kane ( 1941 ) , consistently ranked as one of the all-time greatest films . In his 20s , Welles directed a number of high-profile stage productions for the Federal Theatre Project , including an adaptation of Macbeth with an entirely African American cast , and the political musical The Cradle Will Rock . In 1937 he and John Houseman founded the Mercury Theatre , an independent repertory theatre company that presented a series of productions on Broadway through 1941 . Welles found national and international fame as the director and narrator of a 1938 radio adaptation of H. G. Wells ' novel The War of the Worlds performed for his radio anthology series The Mercury Theatre on the Air . It reportedly caused widespread panic when listeners thought that an invasion by extraterrestrial beings was actually occurring . Although some contemporary sources claim these reports of panic were mostly false and overstated , they rocketed Welles to notoriety . His first film was Citizen Kane ( 1941 ) , which he co-wrote , produced , directed , and starred in as Charles Foster Kane . Welles was an outsider to the studio system and directed only 13 full-length films in his career . He struggled for creative control on his projects early on with the major film studios and later in life with a variety of independent financiers , and his films were either heavily edited or remained unreleased . His distinctive directorial style featured layered and nonlinear narrative forms , uses of lighting such as chiaroscuro , unusual camera angles , sound techniques borrowed from radio , deep focus shots , and long takes . He has been praised as `` the ultimate auteur '' . Welles followed up Citizen Kane with 12 other feature films , the most acclaimed of which include The Magnificent Ambersons ( 1942 ) , Touch of Evil ( 1958 ) , and Chimes at Midnight ( 1966 ) . Other works of his , such as The Lady from Shanghai ( 1947 ) and F for Fake ( 1973 ) , are also well-regarded . In 2002 , Welles was voted the greatest film director of all time in two British Film Institute polls among directors and critics . Known for his baritone voice , Welles was an actor in radio and film , a Shakespearean stage actor , and a magician noted for presenting troop variety shows in the war years .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "dedd9b122b9a5011710c7ce676aa226e", "text": "Othello (1951 film) Othello ( also known as The Tragedy of Othello : The Moor of Venice ) is a 1951 drama film directed and produced by Orson Welles , who also adapted the Shakespearean play and played the title role . Recipient of the Palme d'Or at the 1952 Cannes Film Festival , the film was distributed by United Artists when it was released in the United States in 1955 . Othello was filmed on location over a three-year period in Morocco , Venice , Tuscany and Rome and at the Scalera Studios in Rome . In addition to Orson Welles , the cast consisted of Micheál MacLiammóir as Iago , Robert Coote as Roderigo , Suzanne Cloutier as Desdemona , Michael Laurence as Cassio , Fay Compton as Emilia and Doris Dowling as Bianca . Three versions of the film have seen theatrical release -- two supervised by Welles , and a 1992 restoration supervised by his daughter , Beatrice Welles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20bf131f9288feca785e52db4da61f31", "text": "The Spirit of Charles Lindbergh The Spirit of Charles Lindbergh is a short film made in 1984 by Orson Welles . The film was intended as a private video letter from Welles to his longtime friend and accountant Bill Cronshaw , who was ill . In the film , Welles sits behind a typewriter at his desk and speaks of the human spirit , quoting the journal of aviator Charles Lindbergh . Welles was in visibly poor health himself when the film was made , and he did not intend for it to be seen by the public .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "486ba469045b01d35fd902f6f4553bb0", "text": "The Producers (1968 film) The Producers is a 1968 American satirical comedy film written and directed by Mel Brooks and starring Zero Mostel , Gene Wilder , Dick Shawn , and Kenneth Mars . The film was Brooks 's directorial debut , and he won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay . Although the release date was officially 1968 , the premier took place in Pittsburgh on November 22 , 1967 . Decades later , the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry and placed eleventh on the AFI 's 100 Years ... 100 Laughs list . It was later remade by Brooks as an acclaimed Broadway stage musical , which itself was adapted for a 2005 feature film starring Nathan Lane and Matthew Broderick .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d2245d2a5772857365d3266673bb222", "text": "Line producer A line producer is a type of film producer who is the key manager during daily operations of a feature film , television film , or an episode of a TV program . A line producer works on one film at a time . They are responsible for human resources and handling any problems that come up during production .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "129a58b15d022d81864f28bc2d44901c", "text": "Howard Kazanjian Howard G. Kazanjian ( born July 26 , 1942 ) is an American film producer known for Raiders of the Lost Ark and Return of the Jedi . Kazanjian is also a former 8-year Vice President of Lucasfilm , Ltd. , and a published non-fiction author .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6af7a0282c65e446ecd4ae03f63be146", "text": "King Lear (1953 film) King Lear is a 1953 live television adaptation of the Shakespeare play staged by Peter Brook and starring Orson Welles . Preserved on kinescope , it aired October 18 , 1953 , as part of the CBS television series Omnibus , hosted by Alistair Cooke . The cast includes Micheál Mac Liammóir and Alan Badel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3140d9711471925735d70d68bb328a75", "text": "John Goldwyn John Howard Goldwyn ( born August 10 , 1958 ) is an American film producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dec61e7899817a495da74f12dda9f081", "text": "World Film Company The World Film Company or World Film Corporation was an American film production and distribution company , organized in 1914 in Fort Lee , New Jersey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0db43eea05d33372e5b22310fe1c375c", "text": "George Weiss (producer) George G. Weiss ( born April 9 , 1921 ) is an American film producer who specialized in independent ` road show ' exploitation Z movies during the 1950s and sexploitation shockers in the 1960s that openly defied the motion picture production code of the day .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a157ce4ff4cc117b2878270518a395eb", "text": "Someone to Love (film) Someone to Love , directed by Henry Jaglom , is a film made in 1987 . It was Orson Welles ' final live action film appearance , released after his death but produced before his voice-over in The Transformers : The Movie . The film was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1987 Cannes Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e3ff86a0a9270ecca4cf8c8b0f6011e", "text": "Renzo Lucidi Renzo Lucidi was an Italian film editor who worked on more than sixty films between 1940 and 1992 . He worked with Orson Welles several times , including editing Mr. Arkadin ( 1955 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a49b0d9557db815b75fa648fe6a4e326", "text": "The Deep (unfinished film) The Deep is an unfinished film directed by Orson Welles and based on the novel Dead Calm by Charles Williams , which would later be adapted into the film of the same title . Welles produced and wrote the film , and also played the role of Russ Brewer opposite Jeanne Moreau and Laurence Harvey . Welles worked on the film from 1966 to 1969 . The film is incomplete ; several major scenes were never shot , and portions of the soundtrack remain unrecorded . The original negative has been lost and the film exists in two work prints , one in black and white and the other in color ( the way the film was intended to be shown ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8", "text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce37dbcc323b056860ac87e7f3c05e02", "text": "Orion Pictures Orion Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture producer and distributor that produced and released films from 1978 until 1999 , and was also involved in television production and syndication throughout the 1980s until the early 1990s . It was formed in 1978 as a joint venture between Warner Bros. and three former top-level executives of United Artists . Although it was never a large motion picture producer , Orion achieved a comparatively high reputation for Hollywood quality . Woody Allen , James Cameron , Jonathan Demme , Oliver Stone , and several other prominent directors worked with Orion during its most successful years from 1978 to 1992 . Of the films distributed by Orion , four won Academy Awards for Best Picture : Amadeus ( 1984 ) , Platoon ( 1986 ) , Dances with Wolves ( 1990 ) , and The Silence of the Lambs ( 1991 ) . Two other Orion films , Hannah and Her Sisters ( 1986 ) and Mississippi Burning ( 1988 ) , were nominated for that same category . In 2013 , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer revived the Orion name for television ; a year later Orion Pictures was quietly relaunched by the studio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30f4959e9003dfdbaa2574b51972348d", "text": "The Battle Over Citizen Kane The Battle Over Citizen Kane is a 1996 documentary film about the clash between newspaper mogul William Randolph Hearst and actor/writer/director Orson Welles over Welles 's 1941 motion picture Citizen Kane , which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time . The Battle Over Citizen Kane aired January 29 , 1996 , as an episode of the Public Broadcast System 's The American Experience series . The documentary was narrated by Richard Ben Cramer , who co-wrote the program with Thomas Lennon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2840eb5e75238330f0577816c1673f7", "text": "Mr. Arkadin Mr. Arkadin ( first released in Spain , 1955 ) , known in Britain as Confidential Report , is a French-Spanish-Swiss coproduction film , written and directed by Orson Welles and shot in several Spanish locations , including Costa Brava , Segovia , Valladolid and Madrid . Filming took place throughout Europe in 1954 , and scenes shot outside Spain include locations in London , Munich , Paris , the French Riviera , and the Château de Chillon in Switzerland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "900194fffb77767792d39fdd39c71bf9", "text": "Alfred Hitchcock Presents Alfred Hitchcock Presents is an American television anthology series hosted and executive produced by Alfred Hitchcock , which aired on CBS and NBC between 1955 and 1965 . It featured dramas , thrillers , and mysteries . By the time it premiered on October 2 , 1955 , Hitchcock had been directing films for over three decades . Time magazine named it one of `` The 100 Best TV Shows of all time '' . The Writers Guild of America ranked it # 79 on their list of the 101 Best-Written TV Series tying it with Monty Python 's Flying Circus , Star Trek : The Next Generation and Upstairs , Downstairs . A series of literary anthologies with the running title Alfred Hitchcock Presents were issued to capitalize on the success of the television series . One volume , devoted to stories that censors would n't allow to be adapted for broadcast , was entitled Alfred Hitchcock Presents : Stories They Would n't Let Me Do on TV '' -- though eventually several of the stories collected were adapted .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "4fc29abfa9ded174bce41224709c5e0d", "text": "Taylor Swift Taylor Alison Swift ( born December 13 , 1989 ) is an American singer-songwriter . One of the most popular contemporary female recording artists , she is known for narrative songs about her personal life , which has received much media attention . Born and raised in Pennsylvania , Swift moved to Nashville , Tennessee at age 14 to pursue a career in country music . She signed with the independent label Big Machine Records and became the youngest artist ever signed by the Sony/ATV Music publishing house . Her eponymous debut album in 2006 peaked at number five on Billboard 200 and spent the most weeks on the chart in the 2000s . The album 's third single , `` Our Song '' , made her the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the Hot Country Songs chart . Swift 's second album , Fearless , was released in 2008 . Buoyed by the pop crossover success of the singles `` Love Story '' and `` You Belong with Me '' , Fearless became the best-selling album of 2009 in the United States . The album won four Grammy Awards , with Swift becoming the youngest Album of the Year winner . Swift was the sole writer of her 2010 album , Speak Now . It debuted at number one in the United States and the single `` Mean '' won two Grammy Awards . Her fourth album , Red ( 2012 ) , yielded the successful singles `` We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together '' and `` I Knew You Were Trouble '' . With her fifth album , the pop-focused 1989 ( 2014 ) , she became the first act to have three albums sell a million copies within one week in the United States . Its singles `` Shake It Off '' , `` Blank Space '' , and `` Bad Blood '' reached number one in the US , Australia , and Canada . The album received three Grammy Awards , and Swift became the first woman and fifth act overall to win Album of the Year twice . The 2015 eponymous concert tour for 1989 became one of highest-grossing of the decade . As a songwriter , Swift has received awards from the Nashville Songwriters Association and the Songwriters Hall of Fame . She is also the recipient of ten Grammy Awards , five Guinness World Records , one Emmy Award , 21 Billboard Music Awards , 11 Country Music Association Awards , eight Academy of Country Music Awards , and one Brit Award . Swift is one of the best-selling artists of all time , having sold more than 40 million albums -- including 27.1 million in the US -- and 130 million single downloads . She has appeared in Time 100 most influential people in the world ( 2010 and 2015 ) , Forbes top-earning women in music ( 2011 -- 2015 ) , Forbes 100 most powerful women ( 2015 ) , and Forbes Celebrity 100 ( 2016 ) . She was the youngest woman to be included in the third of these and ranked first in Celebrity 100 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "666aa01bd2c349e2cf0db3df9ca2ed4c", "text": "Excuse My French (album) Excuse My French is the debut studio album by American rapper French Montana . It was released on May 21 , 2013 , by Coke Boys Records , Bad Boy Records , Maybach Music Group and Interscope Records . The album features guest appearances from Diddy , Nicki Minaj , Drake , Ace Hood , Lil Wayne , Birdman , The Weeknd , Rick Ross , 2 Chainz , Max B , Ne-Yo , Machine Gun Kelly , Raekwon , Scarface and Snoop Dogg , among others . The album 's production was handled by Mike Will Made It , Jahlil Beats , Reefa , Rico Love , Lex Luger and Young Chop , among others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d403ba95538df951631b910094752a5", "text": "Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist . It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . '' The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist . Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 . Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year . 1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9484e40d91d550426931a2e4cb8a83f", "text": "Play On (Carrie Underwood album) Play On is the third studio album by American singer and songwriter Carrie Underwood . It was released in the United States on November 3 , 2009 , through Arista Nashville . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 with first week sales of 318,000 copies , which was rated as the highest first-week sales for a female artist in 2009 upon release . It is her second album to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 , and her third to debut atop the Billboard Top Country Albums chart . As of October 2016 , the album has been certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA , Platinum by the CRIA and Gold by the ARIA . Play On has since sold over three million copies worldwide . The album spawned three consecutive Billboard Hot Country Songs number one singles -- `` Cowboy Casanova '' , `` Temporary Home '' and `` Undo It '' , all of which certified Multi-Platinum or Platinum by the RIAA . The fourth single , `` Mama 's Song '' , reached number two on the chart and received a Gold certification from the RIAA . `` Cowboy Casanova '' achieved one of the biggest single-week upwards on the Billboard Hot 100 of all time , when it climbed 96-11 in its second week . `` Temporary Home '' and `` Mama 's Song '' were both nominated for Grammy Awards , while Play On was nominated for Album of the Year at both the 2010 Academy of Country Music Awards and Country Music Association Awards , and won Favorite Country Album at the 2010 American Music Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec6fa53ed2e5e4fc8f238c1fd1c67cff", "text": "Friday Night Lights (mixtape) Friday Night Lights is the third official mixtape from Fayetteville , North Carolina rapper J. Cole . It was released on November 12 , 2010 . The mixtape was to originally be called Villematic and contain J. Cole 's previous leaks and freestyles , however , Cole later stated it would have original material . The mixtape became the second most searched and trending topics on Google and Twitter respectively following its release . Most songs on the mixtape were slated to be on his debut album at one point or another . The mixtape has been viewed over 4,470,000 times , streamed over 1,280,000 times , and downloaded over 1,700,000 times on mixtape site DatPiff . On June 26 , 2013 Cole announced that he would be re-releasing The Warm Up and Friday Night Lights for retail sale , in order to give them the push they deserved .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4ee86732b2b2d1701dd9aec3fce69b75", "text": "Sweeter Than Fiction `` Sweeter Than Fiction '' is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift for the film One Chance . The song was written and produced by Swift along with Jack Antonoff , best known as the guitarist for indie pop band fun. , and was released through Big Machine Records as the lead single from the soundtrack album on October 21 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3e01a8958c9cc51f20da3c31730d257", "text": "You're Not Sorry `` You 're Not Sorry '' is a country rock song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift . The song was solely written by Swift and produced by Nathan Chapman with Swift 's aid . It was released on October 28 , 2008 by Big Machine Records as a promotional single from Swift 's second studio album , Fearless on iTunes , though it is no longer available . A remix version for the television episode of CSI : Crime Scene Investigation in which Swift made an appearance was later released . Swift wrote `` You 're Not Sorry '' , inspired by an ex-boyfriend who was revealed to be opposite of what he appeared to be . The song is a power ballad with country and rock music influences . Contemporary critics gave `` You 're Not Sorry '' average to favorable reviews . In North America , the song achieved commercial success . It peaked at number 11 on Canadian Hot 100 . In the United States , `` You 're Not Sorry '' also peaked at number 11 on the Billboard Hot 100 and was certified platinum by the RIAA . Swift performed the song in several venues , including on her first headlining tour , the 2009 and 2010 Fearless Tour . During the tour , Swift performed a mashup of a cover version of Justin Timberlake 's `` What Goes Around ... / ... Comes Around '' and `` You 're Not Sorry '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3884beff117c63283f6d42ff3b27660", "text": "A Communication Manual A Communication Manual '' is Swift 's first EP , released in 2003 on Tribunal Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28c03758f5f3b4ca8273c959802f6e80", "text": "Natural Causes (Skylar Grey album) Natural Causes is the third studio album by American recording artist Skylar Grey . It is her second album since her stage name change from Holly Brook to Skylar Grey . It was released on September 23 , 2016 , by KidinaKorner and Interscope Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d5f7f5ad597036cb4bee4a1aa14adbc", "text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 2002 The highest-selling albums and EPs in the United States are ranked in the Billboard 200 , published by Billboard magazine . The data are compiled by Nielsen Soundscan based on each album 's weekly physical and digital sales . 25 acts achieved number one albums during this year with artist such as Nelly and Shania Twain who had their albums debut at number one on the chart . Rapper Eminem 's The Eminem Show is the best selling album of 2002 selling over approximately 7.6 million copies by the end of the year . It is also the longest running album of 2002 spending six non-consecutive weeks the chart and was known for its first full week of sales debut of 1.322 million copies which Nielsen SoundScan scanned as the sixth largest sales of all time in its first week . Its debut of 1.322 million copies has still not been matched by any album today since except for Taylor Swift 's album 1989 , which opened with first week sales of 1.279 million copies . The band Creed continued its eight week long run on the chart but is credited as the longest running album 2001 . Jennifer Lopez earned her second number one album on the charts with J to tha L-O ! : The Remixes , which became the highest first week sales of a remix album at the time . R&B artist Ashanti earned her first number one album with her self-titled debut album Ashanti , which opened up with first week sales of 503,000 copies in its first week alone . Puff Daddy earned his first number one album since No Way Out back in 1997 . Rapper Jay-Z earned his fifth chart topper with The Blueprint 2 : The Gift & The Curse , which opened up with first week sales of 545,000 copies alone . Heavy metal band Disturbed earned its first number one album on the chart with Believe , which opened up with first week sales of 284,000 copies alone . Country music singer Shania Twain 's album Up ! opened up with a huge first week sales of 857,000 copies in its first week alone , giving her the recognition of the highest first week sales of her career and second highest of the year , only behind Eminem 's The Eminem Show and at the time the fastest selling solo female album ever . Nelly 's album Nellyville opened up with his highest first week sales of his career which logged on with huge sales of 714,000 copies in its first week alone , which beat his sales of his debut album Country Grammar , which opened up with first week sales of 235,000 copies . Country singer Alan Jackson album Drive gave him his first number one album on the chart and opened up with first week sales of 211,000 copies alone .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8b077993d573e2b8b609450b5ccaf31", "text": "The Declaration The Declaration is the fourth studio album by American R&B / pop singer Ashanti . It was released on June 3 , 2008 . The album includes the single `` The Way That I Love You '' . Ashanti said during her June 2 appearance on the television program 106 & Park that she recorded fifty-two tracks for the album , of which fifteen -- including the bonus tracks `` Why '' and `` Hey Baby ( After the Club ) '' -- were used . This is her last album to be released on Irv Gotti 's label The Inc. . Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4291ec8ba8e4f0f678c6bfa845c363ff", "text": "Epic Records Epic Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment , a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America , Inc. . Epic was founded predominantly as a jazz and classical music label in 1953 . It later expanded its scope to include a more diverse range of musical genres , including pop , R&B , rock and hip hop . Historically , the label has housed popular acts such as Michael Jackson , Cheap Trick , Shakira , Celine Dion , ABBA , Anastacia , Boston , Dave Clark Five , Gloria Estefan , Pearl Jam and Sly & the Family Stone . Along with Columbia and RCA Records , Epic is one of Sony Music Entertainment 's three main record labels . Artists currently signed to Epic as of 2017 include Fiona Apple , Sara Bareilles , Mariah Carey , Keyshia Cole , Future , Fifth Harmony , Jennifer Hudson , Zara Larsson , Jennifer Lopez , Outkast , Ozzy Osbourne , Judas Priest , Busta Rhymes , Rick Ross , Sade , 21 Savage , Travis Scott and Meghan Trainor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2f4d6643e02db8d7bc236cfc18d5d59", "text": "Glorious (Foxes album) Glorious is the debut studio album by English singer and songwriter Foxes , originally due for release on 28 February 2014 , but was pushed back to 12 May 2014 , in favour of releasing the album simultaneously worldwide . The album is available in three versions ; the standard album , a deluxe version and a limited edition vinyl .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3faf001ecc7a4afe27fa77ca25afebe0", "text": "Sparkle (Sparkle album) Sparkle is the 1998 self -- titled debut album by American singer , Sparkle . It was released on May 20 , 1998 through Interscope Records and was entirely produced by her mentor R. Kelly . The album was a success in large part to the Sparkle-R . Kelly duet `` Be Careful '' , which peaked at 3 on the Rhythmic Top 40 and 1 on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Airplay . The album itself peaked at 3 on the Billboard 200 and was certified platinum on December 7 , 2000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5258f5d681632bb99f0fb4798a22282a", "text": "Merry Christmas II You Merry Christmas II You is the second Christmas album and thirteenth studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey . It was released by Island Records on November 2 , 2010 . Recording began in April 2010 and continued while Carey became pregnant . She was the executive producer of Merry Christmas II You and worked with various record producers , including Bryan-Michael Cox , Jermaine Dupri , Randy Jackson , James Poyser , Marc Shaiman , James `` Big Jim '' Wright and Johnny `` Sev '' Severin of RedOne . The album features Carey 's mother Patricia Carey as a guest vocalist on `` O Come All Ye Faithful '' / `` Hallelujah Chorus '' . The album is composed of original songs and covers , ballads and uptempo tracks . It incorporates R&B , soul and house music in its composition . The album received mixed reviews from music critics , who complimented its relaxed yet lively and contemporary feel , while others felt it was predictable and too overproduced in places . It debuted at number four on the United States Billboard 200 album chart , and reached number one on both the Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums and Holiday Albums chart . It was later certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipments exceeding 500,000 copies . Elsewhere , however , the album failed to make an impact , reaching the top thirty in Australia and Hungary , and the top fifty in Austria and Italy . It missed out on the top one-hundred in the United Kingdom by one position , peaking at one-hundred and one on the albums chart . The album produced four singles , including the US Adult Contemporary record-breaking song `` Oh Santa ! '' . It reached number-one in its second week , the quickest ascent in the history of the chart and the only song to do so . Other singles included `` Auld Lang Syne ( The New Year 's Anthem ) '' , a single release version of `` When Christmas Comes '' in 2011 with John Legend and `` Christmas Time Is in the Air Again '' in 2012 . To support the album , Carey made promotional appearances on The Ellen DeGeneres Show and Lopez Tonight , and hosted her own television special called Mariah Carey : Merry Christmas to You .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd08efd87def549f1aac3d4a3bef8179", "text": "Strength of a Woman (album) Strength of a Woman is the thirteenth studio album by American singer Mary J. Blige . It was released on April 28 , 2017 by Capitol Records . The album features guest appearances by Kanye West , Quavo , DJ Khaled , Missy Elliott , Prince Charlez , and Kaytranada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47879fb3fd589cb30aab88bf53e1efc6", "text": "List of top 25 albums for 2015 in Australia The following lists the top 25 albums of 2015 in Australia from the Australian Recording Industry Association ( ARIA ) end-of-year albums chart . Adele 's album 25 was named the highest selling album in Australia in 2015 . The album was released in November and spent six weeks at number one . Ed Sheeran 's album x was number 1 and Taylor Swift 's 1989 was number 2 in 2014 ; they 're both one spot lower in 2015 . Sam Smith 's In the Lonely Hour is the sixth-best-selling album for the second year in a row and Michael Bublé 's Christmas appeared in the top 10 end-of-year chart for the fifth consecutive year . There were 35 Australian artist releases in the top 100 , with Lee Kernaghan 's Spirit of the Anzacs being the best selling Australian album in 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a190c826abeac240a392a1fe0b864c64", "text": "VII (Teyana Taylor album) VII is the debut studio album by American recording artist Teyana Taylor . The album was released on November 4 , 2014 , by Def Jam Recordings and GOOD Music . Leading up to the album 's release , Teyana released the mixtape The Misunderstanding of Teyana Taylor ( 2012 ) , along with collaborating on the GOOD Music compilation album Cruel Summer ( 2012 ) . The album features guest appearances from Chris Brown , Fabolous , Pusha T and Yo Gotti . The album was executively produced by Che Pope & Teyana Taylor . Recording took place at Jungle City Studios in New York & KMA Studios , NYC , as well as The Kennedy Compound in North Hollywood , California & Labren Studio in Inglewood , CA . VII was promoted by the release of three official singles : `` Maybe '' featuring Yo Gotti and Pusha T , `` Business '' and `` Do Not Disturb '' featuring Chris Brown .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54f4c66110ae7ed72dac5944d1436228", "text": "Relapse (Eminem album) Relapse is the sixth studio album by American rapper Eminem . The album was released on May 19 , 2009 , under Aftermath Entertainment , Shady Records , and Interscope Records . It was his first album of original material since Encore ( 2004 ) , following a four-year hiatus from recording due to his writer 's block and an addiction to prescription sleeping medication . Recording sessions for the album took place during 2005 to 2009 at several recording studios , and Dr. Dre , Mark Batson , and Eminem handled production . Conceptually , Relapse concerns the ending of his drug rehabilitation , rapping after a non-fictional relapse , and the return of his Slim Shady alter-ego . One of the most anticipated album releases of 2009 , Relapse debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 608,000 copies in its first week . It produced three singles that attained chart success and has been certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America . The album received mixed reviews from most music critics , who were divided in their responses towards Eminem 's lyrics . It has sold more than 2.3 million copies in the United States and more than 17 million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "292a46e26b4e220f13838547993a223d", "text": "Google Me (song) `` Google Me '' is the first single from American recording artist Teyana Taylor 's debut mixtape , From a Planet Called Harlem . The track peaked at number 90 on the Billboard Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart . The title of the single refers to the Google search engine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5dd26717a6a403cb827f5ec4e1986cd", "text": "Country Grammar Country Grammar is the debut studio album by American rapper Nelly . It was released on June 27 , 2000 , by Universal Records ( who released the album after listening to demos by Nelly , before signing a record deal with the rapper in 1999 ) . The production on the album was handled by Jason `` Jay E '' Epperson , with additional production by C-Love , Kevin Law , City Spud , Steve `` Blast '' Wills and Basement Beats . Nelly contributed to all lyrics on the album , with Epperson and City Spud also contributing . The album introduced a unique Saint Louis , Midwestern sound , and introduces Nelly 's vocal style of pop-rap singalongs and Midwestern , Missouri twang . It was supported four successful singles : `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , `` E.I. '' , `` Ride wit Me '' and `` Batter Up '' . Its lead single , `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , peaked at number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 and UK Singles Chart . `` E.I. '' charted at number 16 , number 12 and number 11 on the Hot 100 , UK Singles Chart and ARIA Singles Chart , respectively . `` Ride wit Me '' peaked within the top five on the Hot 100 , ARIA Singles Chart , Irish Singles Chart and UK Singles Chart . The album 's fourth and final single , `` Batter Up '' featuring Murphy Lee and Ali , achieved moderate chart success . Country Grammar received positive reviews , with critics praising Nelly 's vocal style and the album 's production . It topped the US Billboard 200 chart for five consecutive weeks , and the US Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart for six consecutive weeks . It peaked in the top five on the New Zealand Albums Chart and Australian Albums Chart , as well as the top ten on the Canadian Albums Chart and Dutch Albums Chart . The album was certified three times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand ( RIANZ ) and Music Canada ( MC ) , denoting shipments of 45,000 and 300,000 copies , respectively . In 2016 , Country Grammar became the ninth hip hop album to be certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipment of 10 million copies in the US . Its commercial success secured Nelly 's status as one of the most successful hip hop acts of the 2000s decade . On Billboard decade-end chart , Nelly ranked as the third most successful act of the 2000s decade , due largely to the success of Country Grammar and his follow-up album Nellyville ( 2002 ) .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "4fea3003665d6e7dd2ec6cb9daf7688c", "text": "Krysten Ritter Krysten Alyce Ritter ( born December 16 , 1981 ) is an American actress and former model . Ritter is known for her roles as Jessica Jones on the Netflix series of the same name , Jane Margolis on the AMC drama series Breaking Bad , and Chloe on the ABC comedy series Do n't Trust the B -- in Apartment 23 . She has appeared in films such as What Happens in Vegas ( 2008 ) , 27 Dresses ( 2008 ) , Confessions of a Shopaholic ( 2009 ) , She 's Out of My League ( 2010 ) , Veronica Mars ( 2014 ) , and Big Eyes ( 2014 ) . She has also appeared in roles in the television series Gilmore Girls , Gossip Girl , Gravity , 'Til Death , Veronica Mars , and The Blacklist .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "084f15f97fd0e32b8cc29bfb2b228f7c", "text": "The Third Nail The Third Nail is a drama crime film directed by Kevin Lewis , starring Huntley Ritter , Krista Allen , Charles S. Dutton and Chloë Grace Moretz . It was released on February 8 , 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d279f78d3b29f0e4b4ef90f0893eb9d", "text": "The Vampire Diaries The Vampire Diaries is an American supernatural drama television series developed by Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec , based on the popular book series of the same name written by L. J. Smith . The series premiered on The CW on September 10 , 2009 and concluded on March 10 , 2017 , airing 171 episodes over eight seasons . The pilot episode attracted the largest audience for The CW of any series premiere since the network began in 2006 . The first season averaged 3.60 million viewers . It was the most-watched series on the network before being supplanted by Arrow . The show has received numerous award nominations , winning four People 's Choice Award and many Teen Choice Awards . On April 26 , 2013 , The CW officially announced that the spin-off The Originals , which focuses on the Original family of vampires , had been ordered to series , and the show began airing during the 2013 -- 14 American television season . On April 6 , 2015 , lead actress Nina Dobrev confirmed via Instagram that she and co-star Michael Trevino ( who plays Tyler Lockwood ) would be leaving the show after its sixth season . Dobrev returned to record a voiceover for the seventh-season finale . Trevino appeared as a guest star in season seven and returned for season 8 . On March 11 , 2016 , The CW renewed the series for an eighth season , but on July 23 , 2016 , announced that the eighth season , which would have 16 episodes , would be the show 's last . The final season began airing on October 21 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ea97addb49c4b3716e26b125f769da2", "text": "ER (TV series) ER is an American medical drama television series created by novelist and medical doctor Michael Crichton that aired on NBC from September 19 , 1994 , to April 2 , 2009 , with a total of 331 episodes spanning over 15 seasons . It was produced by Constant c Productions and Amblin Television , in association with Warner Bros. . Television . ER follows the inner life of the emergency room ( ER ) of fictional County General Hospital in Chicago , Illinois , and various critical issues faced by the room 's physicians and staff . The show became the longest-running primetime medical drama in American television history . It won 23 Primetime Emmy Awards , including the 1996 Outstanding Drama Series award , and received 124 Emmy nominations , which makes it the most nominated drama program in history . ER won 116 awards in total , including the Peabody Award , while the cast earned four Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Ensemble Performance in a Drama Series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "100f7c26373de008d346e27443310618", "text": "Ghost Mine (TV series) Ghost Mine is an American paranormal television series that premiered on January 16 , 2013 , in the United States on the Syfy channel . The series features a group of hard rock miners searching for gold in Oregon 's Crescent Mine . Two paranormal investigators accompany them in an attempt to determine if the location is haunted . On April 10 , 2013 , Syfy renewed the series for a 12-episode second season which premiered September 4 , 2013 . On December 19 , 2013 , Paranormal Investigator Patrick Doyle reported via his Facebook page that Syfy had decided not to renew the show for a third season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d36a7bee7cc93badc784fc35c71d877f", "text": "KYSL KYSL ( 93.9 FM ) also known on air as Krystal 93 is a radio station broadcasting an Adult Album Alternative format . Licensed to Frisco , Colorado , United States . The station is currently owned by Krystal Broadcasting , Incorporated and features programing from AP Radio . KYSL transmits on 93.9 in Summit County ( which includes Frisco , Dillon , Keystone , Breckenridge ) , 93.1 in Eagle County ( Vail area ) , and 92.3 in Clear Creek County ( Loveland Ski Area ) . Krystal 93 first signed on in May 1988 , and during its first 11 years on the air , the station was broadcasting an Adult Contemporary format . In 2001 it flipped to its current format of Adult Album Alternative while retaining the Krystal branding and the KYSL call letters . Krystal 93 owns the highest FM radio transmitter in North America . Krystal 93 is a lifestyle oriented , live radio station targeting locals and visitors who love good music and want current information ( road and traffic conditions , local , regional and national news ) . Krystal 93 also believes in a strong commitment to local non-profit organizations and events . Krystal 's online stream allows listeners all over the world to tune in .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f5b787a280a61806a490288adf9b6a2b", "text": "Casualty (series 15) The fifteenth series of the British medical drama television series Casualty commenced airing in the United Kingdom on BBC One on 16 September 2000 and finished on 28 April 2001 . It saw another increase , this time to 36 episodes , including two hour-long self-contained ` specials ' , Sympathy for the Devil ( episode 8 ) and Something from the Heart ( episode 23 ) , which were shown in addition to the regular Saturday night episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8c4d80d84d8defa50142d6abcb67a6a", "text": "Devin Kelley Devin Kelley ( born January 18 , 1986 ) is an American actress . She starred in the ABC drama series Resurrection playing Dr. Maggie Langston and also co-starred on the Fox crime drama The Chicago Code .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20f47c81c48267e1dfbfe8cf664922fc", "text": "Grave Danger `` Grave Danger '' is the fifth season finale of the American crime drama CSI : Crime Scene Investigation , which is set in Las Vegas , Nevada . This two-parter was directed by Quentin Tarantino and was aired on May 19 , 2005 . The episode features veteran actors Tony Curtis and Frank Gorshin as long-time friends of character Sam Braun . Gorshin died two days before the episode aired in the United States . The episode was later dedicated to his memory .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0810db039920e7ef64f0dbb6dfcc0585", "text": "EtosTV EtosTV is a death-themed German satellite and Internet television channel , the first such channel in the world , created with the support of the German funeral home association . The plans for the channel were unveiled in June 2007 . It was due to start its broadcast in the autumn of 2007 , but was delayed until January 2008 . The channel aims to provide practical information about death , such as the various burial rites and also documentaries about famous graveyards . The channel plans to provide information for the elderly and inform them about life insurance , funeral insurance , home nursing services , and useful helps such as stair lifts . The channel will be available on the Astra 1 satellite position ( 19.2 E ) , and also on the Internet . It will be also possible to purchase video obituaries , which will be broadcast by EosTV and on their web site for a fee .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe0ca5804f324e01ebd865d46092b39e", "text": "Anna Nicole Smith Vickie Lynn Hogan professionally known as Anna Nicole Smith ( born November 28 , 1967 -- February 8 , 2007 ) was an American model , actress and television personality . Smith first gained popularity in Playboy , winning the title of 1993 Playmate of the Year . She modeled for fashion companies including Guess , H&M , Heatherette , and Lane Bryant . Smith dropped out of high school and was married three years later in 1985 . Her highly publicized second marriage to J. Howard Marshall resulted in speculation that she married the octogenarian mainly for his money , which she denied . Following Marshall 's death , Smith began a lengthy legal battle over a share of his estate . Her case , Marshall v. Marshall , reached the U.S. Supreme Court on a question of federal jurisdiction , and again on a question of bankruptcy court authority ( now called Stern v. Marshall ) . Smith died on February 8 , 2007 , in a Hollywood , Florida , hotel room as a result of an overdose of prescription drugs . During the final six months of her life , Smith was the focus of renewed press coverage surrounding the death of her son , Daniel , and the paternity and custody battle over her newborn daughter , Dannielynn .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a015737575217577fd45a43ef7177aa", "text": "Death-bed", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e48c95a96f51f47a9dad20ccb90aebd", "text": "Quarterlife Quarterlife is an American web series , also briefly an NBC television series in 2008 , created by Marshall Herskovitz and Edward Zwick , the creators of Thirtysomething and Once and Again , and producers of My So-Called Life . The show is about a group of twenty-something artists who are coming of age in the digital generation . According to its official website , Quarterlife is the first Internet series to have been created alongside a social networking website , quarterlife.com . The regular cast includes Bitsie Tulloch , Kevin Christy , Mike Faiola , Scott Michael Foster , Michelle Lombardo , Maïté Schwartz , and David Walton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8c55c70cea5f1167216798a6d83da01", "text": "Death and the Maiden (The Vampire Diaries) `` Death and the Maiden '' is the seventh episode of the fifth season of the American series The Vampire Diaries and the series ' 96th episode overall . `` Death and the Maiden '' was originally aired on November 14 , 2013 , on The CW . The episode was written by Rebecca Sonnenshine and directed by Leslie Libman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82e898dc52d3f3074523c0c8d8419b05", "text": "Right Between the Ears Right Between The Ears ( RBTE ) is a Kansas-based comical radio show broadcast nationally in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "152b686a5b648812457df72be8bbcc37", "text": "Death (song) `` Death '' is the second single by English indie rock band White Lies , released by Fiction Records . `` Death '' was initially released on CD and 7-inch vinyl on 22 September 2008 , prior to the release of their debut album , To Lose My Life ... The track was then re-released on 22 June 2009 on multiple formats as the band 's fifth and final single from the album . In the United States , the track was released as part of a four-track extended play titled Death , alongside all United Kingdom-released B-sides . `` Death '' was the second track written by White Lies , after `` Unfinished Business '' . The 2008 release of `` Death '' contained one B-side , `` Black Song '' , while the 7 '' vinyl was accompanied by various remixes by Crystal Castles and Haunts . The single reached No. 52 on the UK Singles Chart . The 2009 re-release included further remixes by Chase & Status , Mistabishi , L'amour La Morgue and M83 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "754c37557a510e6272821563ae9db4ac", "text": "List of Castle episodes Castle is an American comedy-drama police procedural television series on ABC which was created by Andrew W. Marlowe . It stars Nathan Fillion as Richard Castle , a famous mystery novelist , and Stana Katic as NYPD detective Kate Beckett . The series premiered as a midseason replacement on March 9 , 2009 . On May 12 , 2016 , it was announced that , despite several cast members signing one-year deals for a potential ninth season , the show would be canceled instead .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7dbc928018ecf9d620aec407278f3b1", "text": "Bill Ritter (journalist) Bill Ritter ( born February 26 , 1950 ) is an American television news anchor and journalist . Bill Ritter was named co-anchor of WABC-TV New York 's Eyewitness News at 6 p.m. in February 2001 . Ritter , who has been the co-anchor of the 11 p.m. news since September 1999 , is also a correspondent for the ABC News program 20/20 . He started at Eyewitness News in the summer of 1998 as a weekend anchor . For Eyewitness News , Bill traveled to Israel the week before the start of the war in Iraq , to find out how Israelis and Palestinians were preparing for a possible military conflict 500 miles from their land . Bill has investigated drug use among teen aged Orthodox Jews in Brooklyn , and looked into problems with the dramatic increase in the number of building scaffoldings in New York . Bill also covers fire safety and prevention for Eyewitness News , and hosts the annual `` Operation 7 Save A Life '' a special and campaign . Bill has climbed the Empire State Building , tagging along with the man who repairs and replaces the broadcast antennas on top of one of New York 's tallest skyscrapers . And , for the first time on live television , Bill was tested for prostate cancer . As part of the test , Bill also interviewed New York 's most famous prostate cancer patient : former Mayor Rudy Giuliani . Bill writes a daily column , Behind the News with Bill Ritter , which previews the 11 pm edition of Eyewitness News . It 's sent via e-mail , and regularly offers insights into how we gather the news .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a24a14a1049e0e4216e4cdc0ec63b82", "text": "Dana Eskelson Dana Erika Eskelson ( born February 6 , 1965 in Dallas , Texas ) is an American television , film , and theatre actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f13b02351b2bc7e22ee56eaa5bbdc46", "text": "Josh Ritter (album) Josh Ritter is the debut album by American singer-songwriter Josh Ritter . It was self-released in 1999 . Humorous folk-inspired songs such as `` Hotel Song '' and `` Stuck to You '' evoke comparisons to John Prine , while ballads `` Letter from Omaha '' and `` Leaves and Kings '' seem inspired by Leonard Cohen and Bob Dylan , whom Ritter frequently cites as influences . Three versions of this album have been pressed ; a digipak in 1999 , followed by a jewel case package in 1999 , then a digipak again in 2008 . Superficially the 1999 and 2008 digipaks are similar , but the interior artwork and disc art differ among all three versions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e27f4a230a9e7c132e545ff9893b93c7", "text": "When I Die When I Die may refer to : `` And When I Die '' , a # 2 U.S. hit song recorded by Blood , Sweat and Tears `` Texas ( When I Die ) '' , a # 5 U.S. country hit song recorded by Tanya Tucker `` When I Die '' , a # 18 U.S. hit song recorded by Motherlode `` When I Die '' , a track from the New Found Glory album Coming Home `` When I Die '' , a track from The Waifs ' album Sink or Swim", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "496d036bc56ec44a1ddd920b747a17b9", "text": "Islam Islam ( -LSB- ˈɪslɑːm -RSB- There are ten pronunciations of Islam in English , differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress , whether the s is -LSB- slinkz -RSB- or -LSB- slinks -RSB- , and whether the a is pronounced -LSB- slinkɑː -RSB- , -LSB- slinkæ -RSB- or ( when the stress is on the first syllable ) -LSB- slinkə -RSB- ( Merriam Webster ) . The most common are -LSB- ˈɪzləm , _ ˈɪsləm , _ ɪzˈlɑːm , _ ɪsˈlɑːm -RSB- ( Oxford English Dictionary , Random House ) and -LSB- ˈɪzlɑːm , _ ˈɪslɑːm -RSB- ( American Heritage Dictionary ) . الإسلام , -LSB- alʔisˈlaːm -RSB- ) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion which professes that there is only one and incomparable God ( Allah ) and that Muhammad is the last messenger of God . It is the world 's second-largest religion and the fastest-growing major religion in the world , with over 1.8 billion followers or 24.1 % of the global population , known as Muslims . Islam teaches that God who is merciful , all-powerful , and unique has guided mankind through prophets , revealed scriptures and natural signs . The primary scriptures of Islam are the Quran , viewed by Muslims as the verbatim word of God , and the teachings and normative example ( called the sunnah , composed of accounts called hadith ) of Muhammad ( 570 -- 8 June 632 CE ) . Muslims believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a primordial faith that was revealed many times before through prophets including Adam , Abraham , Moses , and Jesus . As for the Quran , Muslims consider it to be the unaltered and final revelation of God . Like other Abrahamic religions , Islam also teaches a final judgment with the righteous rewarded paradise and unrighteous are punished in hell . Religious concepts and practices include the five pillars of Islam , which are obligatory acts of worship , and following Islamic law , which touches on virtually every aspect of life and society , from banking and welfare to women and the environment . The cities of Mecca , Medina and Jerusalem are home to the three holiest sites in Islam . Islam originated in the early 7th century in Mecca , and by the 8th century the Islamic empire extended from Iberia in the west to the Indus River in the east . The Islamic Golden Age refers to the period traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century when much of the historically Islamic world was experiencing a scientific , economic and cultural flourishing . The expansion of the Muslim world involved various caliphates and empires , traders and conversion to Islam by missionary activities . Most Muslims are of one of two denominations : Sunni ( 75 -- 90 % ) or Shia ( 10 -- 20 % ) . About 13 % of Muslims live in Indonesia , the largest Muslim-majority country , 31 % in South Asia , the largest population of Muslims in the world , 23 % in the Middle East-North Africa , where it is the dominant religion , and 15 % in Sub-Saharan Africa . Sizable Muslim communities are also found in the Americas , Caucasus , China , Europe , Mainland Southeast Asia , Philippines and Russia . Converts and immigrant communities are found in almost every part of the world .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "0f3901373f1c6a3fc598dd7cc78e80e2", "text": "Islamic holy books Islamic holy books are the texts which Muslims believe were authored by God to various prophets throughout humanity 's history . All these books , in Muslim belief , promulgated the code and laws that God ordained for those people . Muslims believe the Quran to be the final revelation of God to man , and a completion and confirmation of previous scriptures . Despite the primacy that Muslims place upon the Quran as God 's final word , Islam speaks of respecting all the previous scriptures , and belief in all the revealed books is an article of faith in Islam . Among the books considered to be revealed , the four mentioned by name in the Quran are the Tawrat revealed to Musa , the Zabur revealed to Dawud , the Injil revealed to Jesus , and the Quran revealed to Muhammad .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3606e22799291aceb28b7c428aedfc8f", "text": "Ahmadiyya in Australia Ahmadiyya is an Islamic movement in Australia , first formally founded in the country in the 1980s , during the era of the fourth caliph . However , the history of the Community dates back to the early 20th century , during the lifetime of the founder of the movement , Mirza Ghulam Ahmad , with the first contacts arising as a consequence of Australians travelling to British India , and also as a consequence of early , `` Afghan '' camel drivers settling in Australia during the mid to late 19th century . Today there are at least four mosques , in four of the six Australian states , representing an estimated 3,000 Australian Ahmadi Muslims in the country .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8274a197d3ccbad6d1ef27d4a681999", "text": "Divisions of the world in Islam The Arabic singular form dar , translated literally , may mean `` house '' , `` abode '' , `` structure '' , `` place '' , `` land '' , or `` country '' . In Islamic jurisprudence it often refers to a part of the world . The notions of `` houses '' or `` divisions '' of the world in Islam such as Dar al-Islam and Dar al-Harb does not appear in the Quran or the Hadith . According to Abou El Fadl , the only dar the Qur ` an speaks of are `` the abode of the Hereafter and the abode of the earthly life , with the former described as clearly superior to the latter '' . In classical Islamic law , the major division are dar al-islam ( lit . territory of Islam ) , denoting regions where Islamic law prevails , dar al-sulh ( lit . territory of treaty ) denoting non-Islamic lands which have concluded an armistice with a Muslim government , and dar al-harb ( lit . territory of war ) , denoting adjoining non-Islamic lands whose rulers are called upon to accept Islam . Early Islamic jurists devised these terms to denote legal rulings for ongoing Muslim conquests almost a century after Muhammad . The first use of the terms was in Iraq by Abu Hanifa and his disciples Abu Yusuf and Al-Shaybani . Among those in the Levant , Al-Awza ' i was leading in this discipline and later Shafi'i . The concept of dar al-harb has been affected by the political fragmentation of the Muslim world and has little significance today .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8e1f8174298d4a836aa64d22ac51b23", "text": "Etiquette in the Middle East Many matters of etiquette in the Middle East are connected to Islam as it is written in the Qur ` an and how it has been traditionally understood and practiced throughout the centuries . Prescribed Islamic etiquette is referred to as Adab , and described as `` refinement , good manners , morals , ethics , decorum , decency , humaneness and righteousness '' . As such , many points discussed in this article are applicable in other regions of the Islamic world . This holds especially true in Muslim majority countries outside Middle East . The Middle East is home to many people who follow faiths besides Islam . Most notable among them are the churches of Eastern Orthodox Christianity , Copts and other adherents of Oriental Orthodoxy , Maronites , Melkites other Catholics of the Eastern Rites as well as the Roman Rite , Zoroastrians , Bahá ' ís , and various Jewish denominations . In many cases , however , Muslims and non-Muslims in the Middle East will share characteristics , whether it is the prohibition against pork ordained by both Islamic and Jewish dietary restrictions , a preference for the beverage widely known elsewhere as `` Turkish coffee '' , or knowledge of how to conduct business in a crowded souk without being cheated . It is a place where people with different beliefs often share the same traditions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be306f9ad85a563c50eca5a75e705826", "text": "Dar al-Islam Dar al-Islam ( دار الإسلام , literally '' ) Dar al-Islam , one of the divisions of the world in Islam Dar es Salaam , the largest city in Tanzania Dar al-Islam ( organisation ) , a small non-profit organisation in New Mexico , USA Dar al-Islam ( magazine ) , a French-language magazine published by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddc870fcae6adbfeed2b1db8e2c02f7a", "text": "Izala Society Izala Society , formally Jama'at Izalat al Bid ' a Wa Iqamat as Sunna ( Society of Removal of Innovation and Re-establishment of the Sunna ) , also called JIBWIS , is an Islamic movement originally established in Northern Nigeria to fight what it sees as the bid ' a , ( innovation ) , practiced by the Sufi brotherhoods . It is one of the largest Islamic societies in Nigeria , Chad , Niger , and Cameroon . Izala was established 1978 in Jos , Nigeria by Sheikh Ismaila Idris ( 1937-2000 ) , `` in reaction to the Sufi brotherhoods '' , specifically the Qadiri and Tijan Sufi orders . According to Ramzi Amara , Today the Izala is one of the largest Islamic societies not only in Northern Nigeria , but also in the South and even in the neighbouring countries ( Chad , Niger , and Cameroon ) . It is very active in Da ` wa ( propagation of the faith ) and especially in education . The Izala has many institutions all over the country and is influential at the local , state , and even federal levels . The group has been called a salafist organization `` that embraces a legalist and scripture centered understanding of Islam '' . David Commins has described it as the fruit of missionary work by the Saudi Arabian funded and led World Muslim League . `` Essential texts '' for members of the Izala Society are `` Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab 's treatise of God 's unity and commentaries by his grandsons '' . Ibn Abd al-Wahhab was the founder of the Wahhabi mission , the official Islamic interpretation of Saudi Arabia . He saw Sufism as rife with idolatry ( shirk ) . The Izala Society has been labeled as infidels by Islamist group Boko Haram , due to their willingness to work with the Nigerian government .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a58af3cccf784df073414f1aee42607", "text": "Hejaz The Hejaz , also Al-Hijaz ( اَلْـحِـجَـاز , , literally `` the Barrier '' ) , is a region in the west of present-day Saudi Arabia . The region is so called as it separates the land of the Najd in the east from the land of Tihamah in the west . It is also known as the `` Western Province . '' It is bordered on the west by the Red Sea , on the north by Jordan , on the east by the Najd , and on the south by ` Asir Region . Its main city is Jeddah , but it is probably better known for the Islamic holy cities of Mecca and Medina . As the site of Islam 's holiest places , the Hejaz has significance in the Arab and Islamic historical and political landscape . Historically , the Hejaz has always seen itself as separate from the rest of Saudi Arabia . The Hejaz is the most populated region in Saudi Arabia ; 35 % of all Saudis live in Hejaz . Hejazi Arabic is the most widely spoken dialect in the region . Saudi Hejazis are of ethnically diverse origins . The Hejaz is the most cosmopolitan region in the Arabian Peninsula . People of Hejaz have the most strongly articulated identity of any regional grouping in Saudi Arabia . Their place of origin alienates them from the Saudi state , which invokes different narratives of the history of the Arabian Peninsula . Thus , Hejazis experienced tensions with people of Najd .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33ee84c563b9f58c06a08d3b4d50e3c7", "text": "Political Islam The term Political Islam is a recently developed term . It is used to label the wide-scale activities of individuals or organizations heading towards the transformation of the state and entire society according to '' Islamic '' rules . It is based on Islam which is a complex of political persuasion and fundamental Islamic books -- Koran , Sira ( the biography of Mohammed ) , and Hadith ( Mohammed 's traditions ) . The term is often used in connection with the movements which represent the current political powers in the name of Islam , emerging at the end of 20th century . It is also used as a term describing political activities stemming from basic Islamic books aiming predominantly at Non-Muslims . Political Islam is often confused with Islamism . However , Political Islam is not only a synonym for violent , radical or extreme Islamism . On the contrary , an overwhelming majority of Islamic political activity is carried out by peaceful means and often within a constitutional framework ( e.g. Arbitration Act from 1996 , where Sharia courts became a part of official British Law ) . International activities of extremists including terrorist acts are an exception not the rule if we talk about political activities executed in the name of Islam . Although this term is often used for organized groups , movements or parties , it can also concern a great number of the individuals who share basic goals and background of Political Islam without any direct connection to a party or group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df9ab2e641c6106f517fc902891e20a3", "text": "Islamic art Islamic art encompasses the visual arts produced from the 7th century onward by people who lived within the territory that was inhabited by or ruled by culturally Islamic populations . It is thus a very difficult art to define because it covers many lands and various peoples over some 1,400 years ; it is not art specifically of a religion , or of a time , or of a place , or of a single medium like painting . The huge field of Islamic architecture is the subject of a separate article , leaving fields as varied as calligraphy , painting , glass , pottery , and textile arts such as carpets and embroidery . Islamic art is not at all restricted to religious art , but includes all the art of the rich and varied cultures of Islamic societies as well . It frequently includes secular elements and elements that are frowned upon , if not forbidden , by some Islamic theologians . Apart from the ever-present calligraphic inscriptions , specifically religious art is actually less prominent in Islamic art than in Western medieval art , with the exception of Islamic architecture where mosques and their complexes of surrounding buildings are the most common remains . Figurative painting may cover religious scenes , but normally in essentially secular contexts such as the walls of palaces or illuminated books of poetry . The calligraphy and decoration of manuscript Qur ` ans is an important aspect , but other religious art such as glass mosque lamps and other mosque fittings such as tiles ( e.g. Girih tiles ) , woodwork and carpets usually have the same style and motifs as contemporary secular art , although with religious inscriptions even more prominent . `` Islamic art developed from many sources : Roman , Early Christian art , and Byzantine styles were taken over in early Islamic art and architecture ; the influence of the Sassanian art of pre-Islamic Persia was of paramount significance ; Central Asian styles were brought in with various nomadic incursions ; and Chinese influences had a formative effect on Islamic painting , pottery , and textiles . '' Though the whole concept of `` Islamic art '' has been criticised by some modern art historians , calling it a `` figment of imagination '' or a `` mirage '' , the similarities between art produced at widely different times and places in the Islamic world , especially in the Islamic Golden Age , have been sufficient to keep the term in wide use by scholars . There are repeating elements in Islamic art , such as the use of geometrical floral or vegetal designs in a repetition known as the arabesque . The arabesque in Islamic art is often used to symbolize the transcendent , indivisible and infinite nature of God . Mistakes in repetitions may be intentionally introduced as a show of humility by artists who believe only God can produce perfection , although this theory is disputed . Typically , though not entirely , Islamic art has focused on the depiction of patterns , whether purely geometric or floral , and Arabic calligraphy , rather than on figures , because it is feared by many Muslims that the depiction of the human form is idolatry and thereby a sin against God , forbidden in the Qur ` an . Human portrayals can be found in all eras of Islamic art , above all in the more private form of miniatures , where their absence is rare . Human representation for the purpose of worship is considered idolatry and is duly forbidden in some interpretations of Islamic law , known as Sharia law . There are also many depictions of Muhammad , Islam 's chief prophet , in historical Islamic art . Small decorative figures of animals and humans , especially if they are hunting the animals , are found on secular pieces in many media from many periods , but portraits were slow to develop .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd1aecdba95a81e407e1f0a9608254ad", "text": "Islam in Canada According to Canada 's 2011 National Household Survey , there were 1,053,945 Muslims in Canada or about 3.2 % of the population , making them the second largest religion after Christianity . In the Greater Toronto Area ( GTA ) , 7.7 % of the population is Muslim , and in Greater Montreal , Muslims are 6 % of the total population . A majority of the Muslim population in Canada follows Sunni Islam , while a significant minority adhere to the Shia and Ahmadiyya branches .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e1f86ae52130d5483bb674a70f3c73d", "text": "Islam in Asia Islam began in Asia in the 7th century during the lifetime of Muhammad . A number of adherents of Islam have lived in Asia & specially West Asia and South Asia since the beginning of Islamic history . Islam is said to have arrived in Manipur ( Northeast India ) in 615 AD via Chittagong which is part of present-day Bangladesh 's coast in the age of silk route ( both onland and by sea ) trades when Sa ` d ibn Abi Waqqas ( b.594-d .674 AD ) and others namely Uwais al-Qarni ( 594-657 ) , Khunais ibn Hudhaifa , Saeed ibn Zaid , Wahb Abu Kabcha , Jahsh and Jafar ibn Abu Talib preached there . The Barmakid family was an early supporter of the Abbasid Revolution against the Umayyads and of As-Saffah . This gave Khalid ibn Barmak considerable influence , and his son Yaḥyā ibn Khālid ( d. 806 ) was the vizier of the caliph al-Mahdi ( ruled 775 -- 785 ) and tutor of Hārūn ar-Rashīd ( ruled 786-809 ) . Yaḥyā 's sons al-Faḍl and Ja ` far ( 767-803 ) both occupied high offices under Harun . Many Barmakids were patrons of the sciences , which greatly helped the propagation of Indian science and scholarship from the neighbouring Academy of Gundishapur into the Arabic world . They patronized scholars such as Gebir and Jabril ibn Bukhtishu . They are also credited with the establishment of the first paper mill in Baghdad . The power of the Barmakids in those times is reflected in The Book of One Thousand and One Nights ; the vizier Ja ` far appears in several stories , as well as a tale that gave rise to the expression `` Barmecide feast '' . Many of the early governors of the Caliphate were Barmakids . Khalid ibn Barmak built Mansura , Sindh and later Baghdad . His son was the governor of what is now Azerbaijan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "057dc19851baca6fc2ee45da309aa116", "text": "Hanbali The Hanbali school is one of the four orthodox Sunni Islamic schools of jurisprudence ( fiqh ) . It is named after the Iraqi scholar Ahmad ibn Hanbal ( d. 855 ) , and was institutionalized by his students . The Hanbali madhhab is the smallest of four major Sunni schools , the others being the Hanafi , Maliki and Shafi`i . Hanbali school derives Sharia predominantly from the Quran , the Hadiths ( sayings and customs of Muhammad ) , and the views of Sahabah ( Muhammad 's companions ) . In cases where there is no clear answer in sacred texts of Islam , the Hanbali school does not accept jurist discretion or customs of a community as a sound basis to derive Islamic law , a method that Hanafi and Maliki Sunni fiqhs accept . Hanbali school is the strict traditionalist school of jurisprudence in Sunni Islam . It is found primarily in Saudi Arabia and Qatar , where it is the official fiqh . Hanbali followers are the demographic majority in four emirates of UAE ( Sharjah , Umm al-Quwain , Ras al-Khaimah and Ajman ) . Large minorities of Hanbali followers are also found in Bahrain , Oman and Yemen and within Iraqi and Jordanian bedouins . The Hanbali school experienced a reformation in the Wahhabi-Salafist movement . Historically the school was small ; during the 18th to early-20th century Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab and Al Saud greatly aided its propagation around the world by way of their interpretation of the school 's teachings . As a result of this , the school 's name has become a controversial one in certain quarters of the Islamic world due to the influence he is believed by some to have had upon these teachings , which cites Ibn Hanbal as a principal influence along with the thirteenth-century Hanbali reformer Ibn Taymiyyah . However , it has been argued by certain scholars that Ibn Hanbal 's own beliefs actually played `` no real part in the establishment of the central doctrines of Wahhabism , '' as there is evidence , according to the same authors , that `` the older Hanbalite authorities had doctrinal concerns very different from those of the Wahhabis , '' rich as medieval Hanbali literature is in references to saints , grave visitation , miracles , and relics . Historically , the Hanbali school was treated as simply another valid interpretation of Islamic law , and many prominent medieval Sufis , such as Abdul Qadir Jilani , were Hanbali jurists and mystics at the same time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7ac76ce17323da16f07f25d2b16e230", "text": "Hajj The Hajj ( -LSB- hædʒ -RSB- -LSB- `` pilgrimage '' ) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca , the most holy city of the Muslims , and a mandatory religious duty for Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by all adult Muslims who are physically and financially capable of undertaking the journey , and can support their family during their absence . It is one of the five pillars of Islam , alongside Shahadah , Salat , Zakat , and Sawm . The Hajj is the largest annual gathering of people in the world . The state of being physically and financially capable of performing the Hajj is called istita'ah , and a Muslim who fulfills this condition is called a mustati . The Hajj is a demonstration of the solidarity of the Muslim people , and their submission to God ( Allah ) . The word Hajj means `` to intend a journey '' , which connotes both the outward act of a journey and the inward act of intentions . The pilgrimage occurs from the 8th to 12th ( or in some cases 13th ) of Dhu al-Hijjah , the last month of the Islamic calendar . Because the Islamic calendar is lunar and the Islamic year is about eleven days shorter than the Gregorian year , the Gregorian date of Hajj changes from year to year . Ihram is the name given to the special spiritual state in which pilgrims wear two white sheets of seamless cloth and abstain from certain actions . The Hajj is associated with the life of Islamic prophet Muhammad from the 7th century , but the ritual of pilgrimage to Mecca is considered by Muslims to stretch back thousands of years to the time of Abraham . During Hajj , pilgrims join processions of hundreds of thousands of people , who simultaneously converge on Mecca for the week of the Hajj , and perform a series of rituals : each person walks counter-clockwise seven times around the Ka'aba ( the cube-shaped building and the direction of prayer for the Muslims ) , runs back and forth between the hills of Al-Safa and Al-Marwah , drinks from the Zamzam Well , goes to the plains of Mount Arafat to stand in vigil , spends a night in the plain of Muzdalifa , and performs symbolic stoning of the devil by throwing stones at three pillars . The pilgrims then shave their heads , perform a ritual of animal sacrifice , and celebrate the three-day global festival of Eid al-Adha . Pilgrims can also go to Mecca to perform the rituals at other times of the year . This is sometimes called the `` lesser pilgrimage '' , or Umrah . However , even if they choose to perform the Umrah , they are still obligated to perform the Hajj at some other point in their lifetime if they have the means to do so , because Umrah is not a substitute for Hajj .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "95d19e9227b9a22dd7560294eb1087f4", "text": "National Islamic Front The National Islamic Front ( الجبهة الإسلامية القومية transliterated : al-Jabhah al-Islamiyah al-Qawmiyah ) was an Islamist political organization founded in 1976 and led by Dr. Hassan al-Turabi that influenced the Sudanese government starting in 1979 , and dominated it from 1989 to the late 1990s . It was one of only two Islamic revival movements to secure political power in the 20th century ( the other being the followers of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini in the Islamic Republic of Iran ) . The NIF emerged from Muslim student groups that first began organizing in the universities during the 1940s , and its main support base has remained the college educated . It supported the maintenance of an Islamic state run on sharia and rejected the concept of a secular state . It took a `` top down '' or `` Islamisation from above '' approach of `` infiltrating Sudan 's state apparatus , army , and financial system '' . It demonstrated itself to be both politically adept and ruthless in its use of violence , in particular in the internal conflicts of the Second Sudanese Civil War and the Darfur conflict , as well in the provisioning of proxy forces such as the Lord 's Resistance Army , West Nile Bank Front and Uganda National Rescue Front II against Uganda . In the late 1990s , the Front changed its name to National Congress , and the `` gross human rights violations '' of the regime 's early years gave way to `` more subtle methods of social control such as restrictions on the right to freedom of expression , opinion , religion , association , and movement . '' In 1999 al-Turabi and his supporters were expelled from the Congress by Sudan 's ruler Omar Hassan al-Bashir , and subsequently founded the rival Popular Congress Party which has remained in opposition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2fdd0231489d8b21d264b4705118a623", "text": "Post-monotheism In the philosophy of religion and theology , post-monotheism ( from Greek -LSB- : wikt : μόνος , μόνος -RSB- `` one '' and -LSB- : wikt : θεός , θεός -RSB- `` god , '' with the Latin prefix `` post - '' as in `` after '' or `` beyond '' ) is a term covering a range of different meanings that nonetheless share concern for the status of faith and religious experience in the modern or post-modern era . There is no one originator for the term . Rather , it has independently appeared in the writings of several intellectuals on the Internet and in print . Its most notable use has been in the poetry of Palestinian author Nidaa Khoury , and as a label for a `` new sensibility '' or theological approach proposed by the Islamic historian Christopher Schwartz .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "29fb4113d7413929c579331a33e3c97c", "text": "Religion in Sweden Lutheran Christianity is officially the largest religion in Sweden , with 6.1 million Swedish citizens being members of the Church of Sweden . The high membership figure is mainly due to the fact that until 1996 all newborn children with at least one parent being a member of the church were also made members . Other Christian Churches include the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church . Islam is the second largest religion in Sweden , practiced by 5 % of the population . The rest of the population are either irreligious or members of other religious groups . Sweden was Christianized from Norse paganism during a long period , not final until the 1130s . Since the 16th century , Sweden has been predominantly Lutheran . From the Protestant Reformation in the 1530s until 2000 , the Lutheran Church of Sweden ( Svenska kyrkan ) was the state church . As of 2016 , 61.2 % of Swedish citizens are members of the Church of Sweden , compared to over 95 % in 1970 , and 83 % in 2000 . Despite that , religion in Sweden plays a limited role compared to the European average , and even many church members participate in religious activities for only cultural reasons , and do not believe in Christianity . Atheism and agnosticism are widespread in Swedish society . In a Eurobarometer Poll in 2010 , just 18 % of Swedish citizens responded that `` they believe there is a god '' , although a further 45 % answered that `` they believe there is some sort of spirit or life force '' . In a 2009 Gallup poll , 17 % answered yes to the question `` Is religion an important part of your daily life ? '' . A survey found that only 15 % of Church of Sweden members actually believe in Jesus , while another 15 % identified as atheists , and a quarter as agnostic . Less than 4 % of the Church of Sweden membership attends public worship during an average week ; about 2 % are regular attendees . Some scholars consider the nation to be a place where religion is regarded with `` benign indifference '' . The history of the Jews in Sweden can be traced back to the 17th century , and there are about 20,000 ethnic Jews in Sweden today , of whom about 7,000 belong to a Jewish religious congregation . Because of immigration in the latter part of the 20th century , there is today a sizeable minority of Muslims ( 5 % of population ) and Roman Catholics ( 2 % ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22ec5bcde8c9f78a9f41b145b10fdf9b", "text": "Superstate A superstate is defined as `` a large and powerful State formed when several smaller countries unite '' , `` A large and powerful state formed from a federation or union of nations '' . This is distinct from the concept of superpower , although these are frequently seen together . It is also distinct from the concept of empire , where one nation dominates other nations through military , political , and economic power , although an empire may also be a superstate . In the early 20th century , `` superstate '' had a similar definition as today 's supranational organisations . In a 1927 article by Edward A. Harriman on the League of Nations , a superstate was defined as merely `` an organisation , of which a state is a member , which is superior to the member themselves '' , in that '' -LSB- a -RSB- complete superstate has legislative , executive and judicial organs to make , to execute and to interpret its laws '' . According to this definition , Harriman saw the League of Nations as a `` rudimentary superstate '' , and the United States as `` an example of a complete and perfect superstate '' . In World Order of Bahá ` u 'll áh , first published in 1938 , Shoghi Effendi , the Guardian of the Bahá ' í Faith , described the anticipated world government of that religion as the `` world 's future super-state '' with the Bahá ' í Faith as the `` State Religion of an independent and Sovereign Power . '' In the 1970s , academic literature used the term `` superstate '' to indicate a particularly rich and powerful state , in a similar fashion to the term superpower . In contemporary political debate , especially the one centred on the European Union , the term `` superstate '' is used to indicate a ( usually deemed unwelcome ) development in which the Union takes over the character of a State ( including the monopoly on violence ) thus abolishing the sovereignty and independence of its member states . For instance , Glyn Morgan opposes the perspective of a `` European superstate '' to the ones of `` a Europe of nation-states '' and of `` a post-sovereign European polity '' . In her definition , a `` European superstate is nothing more than a sovereign state - a tried and tested type of polity that predominates in the modern world - operating on a European wide scale '' , i.e. , `` a unitary European state '' The term was famously used by Margaret Thatcher in her 1988 Bruges speech , when she decried the perspective of `` a European super-state exercising a new dominance from Brussels '' , and has since entered the eurosceptic lexicon . Tony Blair argued in 2000 that he welcomed an EU as a `` superpower , not a superstate ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e471cdcf83aa0b62f20044b78364b74f", "text": "War against Islam War against Islam , also called the War on Islam or Attack on Islam , is a conspiracy theory narrative in Islamist discourse to describe an alleged conspiracy to harm , weaken or annihilate the societal system of Islam , using military , economic , social and cultural means . The perpetrators of the conspiracy are alleged to be non-Muslims ( kuffār ) , particularly the Western world and `` false Muslims '' , allegedly in collusion with political actors in the Western world . While the contemporary conspiracy theory narrative of the `` War against Islam '' mostly covers general issues of societal transformations in modernization and secularization as well as general issues of international power politics among modern states , the crusades are often narrated as its alleged starting point . The phrase or similar phrases have been used by Islamists such as Sayyid Qutb , Ayatollah Khomeini , Anwar al-Awlaki , Osama bin Laden , Chechen militant Dokka Umarov , cleric Anjem Choudary , and Fort Hood murderer Nidal Malik Hasan . The English-language political neologism of `` War on Islam '' was coined in Islamist discourse in the 1990s and popularized as a conspiracy theory only after 2001 . Jonathan Schanzer has argued that the historical Muslim indifference to the West turned to `` alarmed dislike '' with the beginning of Western military superiority in the 17th century . However , with the end of the era of Western colonialism , Islamist rage against non-Muslims and the governments of Muslim-majority countries stems not from alleged non-Muslim aggression and enmity , but from frustration over the unrelenting encroachment of western culture , technology , economies , and from a yearning for a `` return to the glorious days when Islam reigned supreme . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21135a54f1801d89357ae433d69bf6ff", "text": "Islamic ethics Islamic ethics , defined as `` good character , '' historically took shape gradually from the 7th century and was finally established by the 11th century . It was eventually shaped as a successful amalgamation of the Qur ` anic teachings , the teachings of the Sunnah of Muhammad , the precedents of Islamic jurists ( see Sharia and Fiqh ) , the pre-Islamic Arabian tradition , and non-Arabic elements ( including Persian and Greek ideas ) embedded in or integrated with a generally Islamic structure . Although Muhammad 's preaching produced a `` radical change in moral values based on the sanctions of the new religion and the present religion , and fear of God and of the Last Judgment '' , the tribal practice of Arabs did not completely die out . Later Muslim scholars expanded the religious ethic of the Qur ` an and Hadith in immense detail .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "159e57e3b7fd6d49fc329fdd7b9dfe5a", "text": "Irreligion in Saudi Arabia Irreligion in Saudi Arabia is difficult to measure as it is illegal to leave the Islamic faith in the country . Most atheists in Saudi Arabia communicate with each other via the internet . According to a Gallup poll , 19 % of Saudi Arabians are not religious and 5 % are atheists . In March 2014 , the Saudi interior ministry issued a royal decree branding all atheists as terrorists , which defines terrorism as `` calling for atheist thought in any form , or calling into question the fundamentals of the Islamic religion on which this country is based . '' Apostasy is punishable by the death penalty .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "3743852392d60fb7376dab61241cd779", "text": "The Promise (2016 film) The Promise is a 2016 American historical drama film directed by Terry George and starring Oscar Isaac , Charlotte Le Bon and Christian Bale , set in the final years of the Ottoman Empire . The film premiered on September 11 , 2016 , at the Toronto International Film Festival and was released in the United States on April 21 , 2017 , by Open Road Films . The Promise is about a love triangle that develops between Armenian medical student Mikael ( Isaac ) , an American journalist based in Paris named Chris ( Bale ) and an Armenian-born woman raised in France , Ana ( Le Bon ) , during the final years of the Ottoman Empire , and during the Armenian Genocide . The film was a box office bomb , grossing just $ 8 million against its $ 90 million budget , although the studio noted the main purpose of the film was to bring attention to the story , not make money .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "6d50489d5a37d088bad2f9e475f43da3", "text": "Sofar Sounds Sofar Sounds ( for Songs from a Room ) is a startup funded by venture capital from Richard Branson , among others . The company calls itself a global community where music lovers and artists come together to experience music in an intimate setting at a secret concert . The events started in London in March 2009 by Rafe Offer , Rocky Start and Dave Alexander . `` Music lovers '' pay $ 15 ( for US concerts ) , Airbnb customers can reserve seats for $ 30 . The lineup for a concert is not disclosed until the event starts ; the location is announced only the day before . The comapny claims that highlighting headline acts encourages people to turn up late and not respect the other performers . In early 2017 , Sofar Sounds claimed there are more than 400 gigs each month , some of which are hosted in members ' living rooms , although larger venues ( for an audience of 80-150 ) are more frequent . Sofar offers services in more than 300 cities worldwide . Performers apply to be considered and audition using extant on-line video . Musicians of all genres are welcome to apply . Local Sofar Sounds `` city leaders '' and their review teams curate the evenings . First-time performers play without pay ( receiving a video of their performance from Sofar ) , repeat performers then earn $ 50 per show . Musicians , bands and artists are often filmed , with the edited video uploaded to the Sofar Sounds YouTube channel , also shared on the website . Some gigs are live-streamed . Typically , three artists perform at each gig . Emphasis is placed on the crowd being respectful -- switching off their phones and listening . In June 2015 Sofar Sounds teamed up with Uber to host a series of secret gigs . UK acts who have participated include James Bay , Wolf Alice and Bastille , who raised money for charity War Child . Will Young was a surprise guest and there has been an appearance from Robert Pattinson and Yeah Yeah Yeahs front woman Karen O . Some US performers who have appeared in Sofar concerts include : X Ambassadors , Leon Bridges and Fantastic Negrito , while acts such as Núria Graham and Ali Somay have played Sofar Barcelona and Sofar Istanbul respectively .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd49880c234fcf951b2608fa203ae2af", "text": "The Green Promise The Green Promise is a 1948 American film directed by William D. Russell . The film was co-produced by Houston oilman Glenn McCarthy and leading man Robert Paige to display the concept and meaning of the 4-H Club and highlight farming issues such as soil erosion , government programs , and individual enterprise . The title refers to a scene where the local preacher gives a sermon on a story from the Book of Exodus of God 's `` green promise '' to lead Moses into a land of milk and honey . The preacher reminds his congregation that the fulfillment of the promise requires faith , difficult journeys and open-mindedness . It is currently in the public domain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f7d4c50be5a5c23385776c34168b2a9", "text": "Mocambo The Mocambo was a nightclub in West Hollywood , California , at 8588 Sunset Boulevard on the Sunset Strip . It was owned by Charlie Morrison and Felix Young .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e305a7d6c52b3a963460fb4f3632334", "text": "The Promise of New York The Promise of New York is a 2009 documentary film documenting some less-well-known candidates in the New York City 2005 mayoral race .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "246d6650165524edfd0b799dfd4312af", "text": "York Theatre York Theatre is an Off-Broadway theatre company base in East Midtown Manhattan , New York City . In its 48th year , York Theatre is dedicated to the production of new musicals and concert productions of forgotten musicals from the past . Each season consists of three or four mainstage productions , six or more concert presentations and dozens of developmental readings . It has had several transfers of its work to larger off-Broadway theatres and to Broadway . The company was awarded a special Drama Desk Award in 1996 to its artistic director Janet Hayes Walker and in 2006 for its `` vital contributions to theater by developing and presenting new musicals '' . Since 1993 the company has performed in an intimate theatre that is part of St. Peter 's Church , in the Citigroup Center Complex at 619 Lexington Avenue at the corner of East 54th Street . The Oscar Hammerstein Award is named in honor of the legendary lyricist and librettist who helped shape American musical theatre through his collaborations with a number of different composers and writers . The award was created in 1988 by Janet Hayes Walker , the Founding Artistic Director of The York Theatre Company , and is presented with the endorsement of the Rodgers & Hammerstein Organization and the Hammerstein family . The Oscar Hammerstein Award Gala is the major annual fundraising event of The York , a mainstay of the Off-Broadway scene for more than 45 years . Past recipients include Stephen Sondheim , Betty Comden & Adolph Green , Harold Prince , Cy Coleman , Charles Strouse , Arthur Laurents , Jerry Herman , Stephen Schwartz , Peter Stone , David Merrick , John Kander & Fred Ebb , Terrence McNally , Sir Cameron Mackintosh , Carol Channing , Tony Walton , Joseph Stein , Thomas Meehan , Jerry Bock and Sheldon Harnick , Barbara Cook , Paul Gemignani , Lynn Ahrens & Stephen Flaherty . In November , 2015 , the 24th Oscar Hammerstein Award was presented to Angela Lansbury in a star-studded tribute evening .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7767abac8099559914b67203dce9f46b", "text": "Sexual Guarantee `` Sexual Guarantee '' is a song performed by Swedish band Alcazar , from their debut studio album Casino ( 2000 ) . It samples Chic 's 1979 hit `` My Forbidden Lover '' . The song got many good reviews , but failed to make much of an impact in the Charts across Europe . While a favorite of radio stations , it lacked the success of their previous single .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58f04611c9c7ad53025a306ee020cefd", "text": "The Wild Party (LaChiusa musical) The Wild Party is a musical with a book by Michael John LaChiusa and George C. Wolfe and music and lyrics by LaChiusa . It is based on the 1928 Joseph Moncure March narrative poem of the same name . The Broadway production coincidentally opened during the same theatrical season ( 1999 -- 2000 ) as an off-Broadway musical with the same title and source material . The show is presented as a series of vaudeville sketches , complete with signs at the beginning and the end ( but abandoned for most of the show ) announcing the next scene propped on an easel at the side of the stage . Queenie and Burrs , whose relationship is disintegrating , host a party fueled by bathtub gin , cocaine , and uninhibited sexual behavior . It quickly devolves into an orgy that culminates in tragedy . The guests include fading star Dolores ; Kate , Queenie 's best friend and rival ; Black , Kate 's younger lover , who has his eye on Queenie ; Jackie , a rich , `` ambisextrous '' kid who has his eye on everyone , regardless of gender or age ; Oscar and Phil D'Armano , a gay couple/brother act ; lesbian stripper Miss Madelaine True and her morphine-addicted girlfriend Sally ; colored prizefighter Eddie , his white wife Mae and Mae 's underaged Lolita-like sister , Nadine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4575f163f34871d865c069ddd942e261", "text": "The Promise (2005 film) The Promise is a 2005 Chinese epic fantasy film directed by Chen Kaige , starring Jang Dong-gun , Hiroyuki Sanada , Cecilia Cheung and Nicholas Tse . It is loosely adapted from The Kunlun Slave , a wuxia romance story written by Pei Xing in the ninth century during the Tang dynasty . Responses to the film were mainly mixed to negative .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c59d1a55a3c7bca3f66871bf0e3113df", "text": "Black Banana The Black Banana was a nightclub in Philadelphia . It began as La Banane Noire at 534 South 4th Street in 1970 by Garrick Melmeck and Xavier ( ZaZa ) Hussenet . In the late 1970s it moved to 3rd and Race Street and became a private club for members only ( `` The Crusaders Community Club '' ) . Cafe Zaza served food while the Black Banana was known as the most decadent after-hours nightclub in town , with glass-walled unisex bathrooms featuring two-way mirrors , a private and exclusive party space on the third floor , and various nooks and crannies where mischievous customers could have their fun . The club thrived through the 80s being on the cutting edge of fashion and music : styles came and went and the Black Banana 's very diverse staff and sophisticated clientele rolled with the punches . This period was marked by such legendary talent as Josh Wink , Robbie Tronco , King Britt , Dj Dozia , Jeff Gross ( DJ Rush ) , Richie Rosati , Willyum , Stango , Suzi Miller and her Bananettes along with local legends like performers : Natasha and Coco , video artist : Nick London , Nick and Gigi Meoli , Toni Thomas , and uber Philly It-Girl , Kim Kelly . The Black Banana suffered a devastating fire in 1991 . Much of the staff worked day and night demolishing and rebuilding the club . All the while , loyal patrons held vigils out on its sidewalks . The club 's founder , Garrick Melmeck would succumb to AIDS in the months following the successful relaunch of the club . As the fabric of the Old City Philadelphia neighborhood changed and larger nightclubs opened in other ( less populated ) areas , The Black Banana played its last record and flashed its last strobe and closed its doors for good in 1998 . The building now houses Wexler Fine Arts Gallery .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d546863c12c0987619ced55f6f7f908", "text": "The Pageant The Pageant , sometimes called The Pageant Concert NightClub , is a music venue in the Delmar Loop district . It sits on the western edge of Saint Louis , Missouri , just east of the University City part of the Loop . The Pageant is St. Louis ' premier midsize venue , with ample space for the audience and stage room and lighting options for performers . It hosts touring national acts in pop , indie rock , hip-hop , jazz , blues , and more . In Pollstar magazine 's 2014 rankings of the top clubs worldwide in terms of ticket sales , The Pageant was 6th . In 2008 , the ranking was 4th . The venue has a main concert hall ; the Halo Bar , a wet bar and smaller stage for smaller performances ; and Suite 100 , a retail shop that sells concert merchandise . It is one of the area 's few handicapped-accessible venues . Named for a long-demolished movie theatre that sat three blocks to the east on Delmar Boulevard , the Pageant has a facade and marquee whose bright colors and neon lights are designed to evoke a classic movie theater .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f552d1abd43dab1ae24828341f90310", "text": "Astor Theatre The Astor Theatre was located at 1537 Broadway , at West 45th Street in Times Square in New York City . It opened September 21 , 1906 with Shakespeare 's A Midsummer Night 's Dream and continued to operate as a Broadway theatre until 1925 . From 1925 until it closed in 1972 it was a first-run movie theater . The theater was designed by architect George W. Keister . It was demolished in 1982 to make way for the Marriott Marquis Hotel . The Astor was first managed by Lincoln A. Wagenhals and Collin Kemper , then by George M. Cohan and Sam Harris , and later by the Shubert Organization . Among the plays that debuted at the Astor were Cohan 's Seven Keys to Baldpate ( 1913 ) and Why Marry ? ( 1917 ) by Jesse Lynch Williams , the first winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Drama . In 1925 Loew 's Theatres bought the Astor and converted it into a movie house in order to have a Times Square `` road show '' showcase for first-run films from the MGM film studio . The Big Parade ( 1925 ) was the first film shown at the Astor where it ran for a continuous 96-week engagement . Other films to make their Times Square debuts at the Astor include The Broadway Melody ( 1929 ) , Grand Hotel ( 1932 ) , The Great Ziegfeld ( 1936 ) and Gone With the Wind ( 1939 ) for MGM ; and Alfred Hitchcock 's Spellbound ( 1945 ) and The Beatles in A Hard Day 's Night '' ( 1964 ) for United Artists .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2bbb7198fee0293dc476919162a05756", "text": "Cirque du Soleil: Worlds Away Cirque du Soleil : Worlds Away is a 2012 American 3D family fantasy film directed by Andrew Adamson . The film premiered on October 20 , 2012 at the Tokyo International Film Festival , and was released theatrically in the United States on December 21 , 2012 . Distributed worldwide by Paramount Pictures on December 21 , 2012 , the film tells the story of a girl named Mia going to a traveling circus and falling in love with its main attraction , the Aerialist . After the Aerialist falls during his act , he and Mia are transported to another world where each encounter the different worlds of Cirque du Soleil through O , Mystère , Kà , Love , Zumanity , Viva Elvis and Criss Angel Believe . It stars Erica Linz and Igor Zaripov as the main characters and incorporates acts from some of the Cirque du Soleil shows that were running in Las Vegas in 2011 including O , Mystère , Kà , Love , and Viva Elvis . The 3D used in the film was highly admired by critics on its Tokyo premiere . The Eels performed a song titled `` Calling for Your Love '' for the movie . The film incorporates acts from the seven Cirque du Soleil shows running in Las Vegasin 2011 : O , Mystère , Kà , Love , Zumanity , Viva Elvis and Criss Angel Believe . Each of the acts/performances was filmed on the stage of the theater in Las Vegas where the show is/was running : the acts from `` O '' at the `` O '' Theatre at the Bellagio , those from `` Ka '' at the Ka Theater at the MGM Grand , those from `` Love '' at the Love Theater at the Mirage , the act from `` Mystere '' at the Mystere Theater at Treasure Island , the act from `` Zumanity '' at the Zumanity Theater at the New York New York and the act from `` Viva Elvis '' at the Aria Theater . It was Reel FX 's first and only live action film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2604fd6e18f0868440a1f87a4692f278", "text": "Lexington Queen Lexington Queen was a nightclub in Roppongi , Tokyo . The current name of the establishment was changed to The ` New Lex Edo ' , but it was often simply referred to by ` Lex ' . Located underground near Roppongi Crossing , the club is a well-known and favourite hangout for models and celebrities on the rise . Opened in 1980 , it is reputed to be a popular club amongst visiting celebrities , with past patrons including Gwen Stefani , Elton John , and Jude Law . Despite its popularity , `` Lex '' was shut down between 2006 and 2007 . There were many rumors that the Yakuza were behind Lex 's closing , although upon its 2007 re-opening and subsequent name change , it was evident the club had shut for remodeling . There is a passing reference to the Lexington Queen in the song `` Bought for a Song '' by American music group Fountains of Wayne and also in Kiss 's 2015 single `` Samurai Son '' The Big Audio Dynamite song `` Sony '' cites the club . It is also directly referenced in the Ryuichi Sakamoto song `` Lexington Queen outside '' from his 1980 single `` War Head/Lexington Queen '' . In 2015 , the club moved to a new location a few streets away and changed its name to `` LEX TOKYO RED CARPET ( NEW LEX ) '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2954954da2ea423a251aadee97729101", "text": "La La Means I Love You (album) La La Means I Love You is the 1968 debut album by American R&B / Soul vocal group The Delfonics , released on May 14 , 1968 on the Philly Groove label . The album was produced by Thom Bell and consists of a mixture of original songs written by Bell and lead singer William Hart , and cover versions of already well-known songs . The celebrated title track was a # 4 pop hit , and `` I 'm Sorry '' and `` Break Your Promise '' also charted . With its lush , smooth orchestral sound and production , La La Means I Love You is now considered a classic soul album and one of the most important and influential records in the development of the nascent Philadelphia soul sound which would come to dominate the commercial soul music market in the early and mid -- 1970s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ab7ae37fb72038023d83818cbce75f2", "text": "Club Wanted Club Wanted is a monthly nightclub event held in Sörnäinen , Helsinki , Finland , from January to May , and from August to December . Club Wanted is a mixture of rockabilly and neo-burlesque . Every month , the event holds both live performances by famous Finnish rockabilly bands and a neo-burlesque `` strip tease '' group . These performances alternate with each other during the same club night .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e88560af0ac51eefe99ea81c1ab640d5", "text": "DJ Hix DJ Hix is an award-winning Northern Irish DJ at Cool FM , a commercial radio station based in Newtownards , Northern Ireland . He currently presents the radio station 's evening show from 7pm - 10pm Monday to Thursday , following station changes in Summer 2014 ( He previously presented the ` Drivetime ' show from 4pm - 8pm Monday to Friday ) . DJ Hix was born in London before moving to Northern Ireland at a young age . He began his career as a DJ in 2002 in various clubs in Belfast , and his radio career began when he was invited by BBC 1Xtra to host their Xtra Talent show in January , February and April 2007 . The show is BBC 1Xtra 's platform for new rising radio personalities to broadcast a 2-hour show every week for one month . A few months after his time at 1Xtra he began broadcasting on Cool FM on 27 October 2007 at 9pm with a brand new show - The Urban Takeover , playing RnB , HipHop , and Urban music . On June 1 , 2010 he moved to 5 days a week on Cool FM by launching a brand new evening show on the station . `` The Pulse with DJ Hix '' airs live Monday to Thursday between 6pm and 10pm . The show focuses on fresh new cutting-edge music from all music genres . In 2012 , following changes at the station , DJ Hix moved to the brand new afternoon ` Drivetime ' show , which airs Monday to Friday from 4pm until 8pm . The show features the latest and new music from a variety of genres . DJ Hix regularly opens for some of the world 's biggest urban artists in concert . To date he has supported 50 Cent , Rihanna , Akon , LMFAO , and Kesha , all at The Odyssey Arena in Belfast . He has also performed with David Guetta , Tiesto , Example , Tinie Tempah , Plan B , Wretch 32 , Lil Jon , Chipmunk , Calvin Harris , Rev Run and many more at live stadium events . Hix notably opened for legendary RnB group Boyz II Men live on stage at Belfast 's Waterfront Hall in September 2008 , in what was they group 's first ever performance in Belfast . In 2011 Hix was awarded Best Club DJ at the annual FATE Awards , after a public vote to decide the 5 nominees . DJ Hix currently DJs weekly in a vast number of clubs in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland as well as various guest performances in other cities in the UK and across Europe . He is also a music journalist and is a regular contributor to Blues & Soul Magazine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc40d5f72f292bb680fa4a6cfe66b477", "text": "Clubland Clubland may refer to : St James 's , an area of Westminster in London where many gentlemen 's clubs were located Clubland ( 1999 film ) , an American film by Mary Lambert Clubland ( 2007 film ) , an Australian comedy film Clubland ( band ) , a 1990s house-music group Clubland ( dance brand ) , a UK dance album and events brand Clubland ( compilation series ) , a series of compilation albums Clubland TV , a UK music channel Clubland ( Screenplay ) , an installment , featuring David Morrissey , of the UK satirical anthology TV series Screenplay `` Clubland '' ( song ) , a song by Elvis Costello Clubland , a block of dance-related music videos currently airing late nights on MTV in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "418253513a117f7e21f5fb36fb53441c", "text": "Adult movie theater An adult movie theatre is a euphemistic term for a movie theatre designed only for the exhibition of pornographic films . Adult movie theatres show pornographic films primarily for either a respectively heterosexual or homosexual audience . For the patrons , rules are generally less strict regarding partial - or full-nudity and public masturbation or sex , and such behavior may be condoned explicitly or otherwise by the management . Such behavior may or may not be legal , and if not , may or may not be overlooked by local law enforcement . Certain theaters may also include a stripshow or sex show between films , or other sex industry services . Before the VCR and , later , the internet , a movie theatre or cinema house was often the only location where people could see hard-core erotic films . The spread of home videos has led to a drastic reduction in the number of adult theatres .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b856f52cf98ea3c2c6777c47ce7c66a", "text": "Piano bar A piano bar ( also known as a piano lounge ) consists of a piano or electronic keyboard played by a professional musician , located in a cocktail lounge , bar , hotel lobby , office building lobby , restaurant , or on a cruise ship . Usually the pianist receives a small salary plus tips in a jar or basket on or near the piano , especially from patrons requesting a song traditionally written on a beverage napkin . Some piano bars feature a baby grand or grand piano surrounded by stools for patrons ( or , somewhat humorously , an upright piano covered by a counter that makes it appear to be a grand piano ) . Others have a bar surrounding the piano or keyboard . Jimmy Durante started as a piano bar player , as did Billy Joel . Joel 's classic hit `` Piano Man '' is based on his experiences as a piano bar player . Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli also played in piano bars to pay for singing lessons . Theatre historian John Kenrick describes the piano bar as follows : A piano bar is a hybrid creature : part performance space , part living room , part cruise-a-thon , and part saloon . The bar is there to sell drinks , the pianist is there to perform , and the crowd is there to sing , listen , drink and socialize . All of this means that it 's impossible to predict what a given evening 's chemistry will be , even if most of the people on hand are regular customers ... . While every factor counts , the most important issue is the person at the piano . The pianist determines the type of music , the style of performance , and the general tone of the evening ... . The experienced piano bar player knows how to take genial control of most any situation and generally keep the party going . The American minimalist composer Terry Riley , who worked as a cocktail pianist when younger , later offered this `` religious '' view of the profession : Having worked for years as a lounge lizard , I was smitten with the insight that the cocktail pianist is signaled out to conduct his ritual of group urban chanting on the themes of love and existence -- a kind of medicine man at the ever-present altaric piano , surrounded by his boozy tribe sipping sacraments in the circle of our common misery . The Manhattan Association of Cabarets & Clubs presents annually several awards , MAC Awards , for piano bar performers : Piano Bar Instrumentalist , Restaurant/Hotel Lounge Instrumentalist , Piano Bar/Restaurant Singing Entertainer -- male and female .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c865b086a3607815cdb07fde783c4e06", "text": "Young Artist Award The Young Artist Award ( originally known as the Youth in Film Award ) is an accolade bestowed by the Young Artist Association , a non-profit organization founded in 1978 to honor excellence of youth performers , and to provide scholarships for young artists who may be physically and/or financially challenged . First presented in 1979 , the Young Artist Awards was the first organization established to specifically recognize and award the contributions of performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film , television , theater and music . The 1st Youth In Film Awards ceremony was held in October 1979 , at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood to honor outstanding young performers of the 1978/1979 season . The 38th Annual Young Artist Awards ceremony , honoring young performers of 2016 , was held at the Alex Theatre in Los Angeles , California on March 17 , 2017 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f7a142e617674dcfc1ada61cac5681bd", "text": "The Hunger Games (film) The Hunger Games is a 2012 American dystopian science fiction adventure film directed by Gary Ross and based on the novel of the same name by Suzanne Collins . It is the first installment in The Hunger Games film series and was produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik , with a screenplay by Ross , Collins , and Billy Ray . The film stars Jennifer Lawrence , Josh Hutcherson , Liam Hemsworth , Woody Harrelson , Elizabeth Banks , Lenny Kravitz , Stanley Tucci , and Donald Sutherland . The story takes place in a dystopian post-apocalyptic future in the nation of Panem , where boys and girls between the ages of 12 and 18 must take part in the Hunger Games , a televised annual event in which the `` tributes '' are required to fight to the death until there is only one survivor . Katniss Everdeen ( Lawrence ) volunteers to take her younger sister 's place . Joined by her district 's male tribute , Peeta Mellark ( Hutcherson ) , Katniss travels to the Capitol to train for the Hunger Games under the guidance of former victor Haymitch Abernathy ( Harrelson ) . Development of The Hunger Games began in March 2009 when Lions Gate Entertainment entered into a co-production agreement with Color Force , which had acquired the rights a few weeks earlier . Collins collaborated with Ray and Ross to write the screenplay . The screenplay expanded the character of Seneca Crane to allow several developments to be shown directly to the audience and Ross added several scenes between Crane and Coriolanus Snow . The main characters were cast between March and May 2011 . Principal photography began in May 2011 and ended in September 2011 , with filming taking place in North Carolina . The Hunger Games was shot entirely on film as opposed to digital . The film was released on March 21 , 2012 , in some European countries and in the US on March 23 , 2012 , in both conventional theaters and digital IMAX theaters . Japan received it last , on September 28 . When the film released , it set records for opening day ( $ 67.3 million ) and opening weekend for a non-sequel . At the time of its release , the film 's opening weekend gross ( $ 152.5 million ) was the third-largest of any movie in North America . It is the first film since Avatar to remain in first place at the North American box office for four consecutive weekends . The film was a massive box-office success by grossing over $ 694 million worldwide against its budget of $ 78 million , making it the third-highest-grossing film in the United States and ninth-highest-grossing worldwide of 2012 . It was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on August 18 , 2012 . With 7,434,058 units sold , the DVD was the best-selling DVD of 2012 . A sequel , The Hunger Games : Catching Fire , was released on November 22 , 2013 , in the United States . The Hunger Games received positive reviews from critics , with praise for its themes and messages , as well as Jennifer Lawrence 's portrayal of Katniss , though there was criticism of the film 's use of shaky cam in the action sequences . Like the novel , the film has been noted for its similarities to other works , such as Robert Sheckley 's short story `` Seventh Victim '' and its Italian film adaptation The 10th Victim , the Japanese novel Battle Royale and its film adaptation , and the Shirley Jackson short story `` The Lottery '' , with some criticizing The Hunger Games for being derivative of such works . Collins stated in an interview that her novel and screenplay drew on sources of inspiration such as the myth of Theseus , Roman gladiatorial games , reality television , and the desensitization of viewers to media coverage of real-life tragedy and war , not to think as just an audience member , `` Because those are real people on the screen , and they 're not going away when the commercials start to roll . '' The song `` Safe & Sound '' won a Grammy Award and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song . For her performance , Lawrence won the Saturn Award for Best Actress , the Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress in an Action Movie , the Empire Award for Best Actress and was also nominated for the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "3d913afae7a9630fd8d5c49ecc825339", "text": "Cold Wars (gaming) COLD WARS ® is a late winter/early spring ( MARCH ) table-top miniatures gaming convention . It is sponsored by the Historical Miniatures Gaming Society , Inc. ® ( HMGS ) , a nonprofit guiding organization . Typically , COLD WARS ® is a three-day convention held in late March each year . It is held in historic Lancaster County , Pennsylvania . Thousands of miniature gamers and military history enthusiasts gather to take part in hundreds of tabletop games , tournaments , demonstrations , seminars and miniature hobby classes . The gaming convention is accompanied by a flea market , called WALLY 'S BASEMENT ( after one of the founders of HMGS , Wally Simon ) where people buy and sell used gaming items and accessories , and a large Exhibitor 's hall offering new merchandise . The majority of events are military history-related , with the remainder being fantasy , science fiction , steampunk , or horror miniature games . Each year , COLD WARS ® has a different theme and focal point ( such as the American Civil War or World War II ) , and many games and supporting events are geared around the theme . Awards are presented to the Best Theme Event , as well as best games in specific time slots and other honors for particularly popular or impressive games . COLD WARS ® is held in Lancaster , Pennsylvania , at the Lancaster Host Resort , a hotel located on U.S. Route 30 in the heart of Pennsylvania Dutch and Amish country for many years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af492998021ac84b2b18cda76cc3973f", "text": "Fictional universe of The Hunger Games The Hunger Games universe is a fictional world appearing in The Hunger Games trilogy written by Suzanne Collins . It consists primarily of the fictional nation of Panem , its Capitol where the totalitarian government resides , and the outlying districts , numbered 1 to 12 , each with a different economy . In addition , there is the secretive District 13 , where a rebel force is building strength . The Hunger Games themselves are an annual event in which citizens from the districts , selected through a process called `` reaping '' , are forced to participate in a battle to the death . The universe also contains fictional flora and fauna , such as the Mockingjay , a bird whose mimicry is used as a plot device , and after whom the third book in the series is named .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b440b91ae7a8d40fd8fffc1732c141a", "text": "KapCon KapCon is a role-playing convention held annually in Wellington , New Zealand . It is one of the largest gaming conventions in New Zealand , and the longest running , having run every Wellington Anniversary Weekend ( the weekend closest to 22 January ) since 1993 . The con is small by international standards , attracting around a hundred and fifty people . The 2012 convention ran from 21 -- 22 January 2012 . KapCon was originally an abbreviation of `` Kapiti Convention '' , and was held in Paraparaumu , an exurb of Wellington . In 1995 it moved to Wellington , repeatedly changing venues to deal with growth until finally finding a stable venue at Wellington High School in 2003 . The convention focuses on tabletop roleplaying , such as Call of Cthulhu and Dungeons & Dragons , with a strong strand of systemless and `` indie '' gaming . Since 2001 it has also hosted regular Live action role-playing games and an annual Scenario Design Competition . It does not have guests of honour . In 1995 FSpace Publications debuted their FSpaceRPG at KapCon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "556852b087b51036db0376353e36e417", "text": "International Children's Games The International Children 's Games ( ICG ) is an International Olympic Committee-sanctioned event held every year where children from cities around the world and between the ages of 12 and 15 participate in a variety of sports and cultural activities .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d365e483a9d809fc9e1137e306a40f9f", "text": "Goodwill Games The Goodwill Games was an international sports competition created by Ted Turner in reaction to the political troubles surrounding the Olympic Games of the 1980s . In 1979 , the invasion of Afghanistan caused the United States and other Western countries to boycott the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow , an act reciprocated when the Soviet and other Eastern Bloc countries ( with the exception of Romania ) boycotted the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles . Like the Olympics , the Goodwill Games were held every four years ( with the exception of the final Games ) , and had a summer and winter component . The Summer Goodwill Games occurred five times , between 1986 and 2001 , while the Winter Goodwill Games occurred only once , in 2000 . They were cancelled by Time Warner , which had bought ownership of them in 1996 , due to low television ratings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e4b6b66813133667c3e34dd6fa5a6e3d", "text": "SaltCON SaltCON is the largest Board Game Convention in Utah held annually in Layton at the Davis Conference Center with the `` aim of bringing people together with games . '' The event is family friendly , and focuses on hobby and designer board games . Unlike many other conventions , the board game halls are open 24 hours for attendees to play all night long . The event continues to grow in popularity , in large part due to its friendly atmosphere , and volunteer nature . The event had over 1100 attendees in 2016 , and continues to grow every year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1104a912ad717f7fd7e05e52b417a8ff", "text": "D-Con D-Con ( standing for Dundee Convention ) is an anime convention which is held in Dundee , Scotland . It is the UK 's highest attended free anime convention . D-Con is an annual event run around the end of February/beginning of March . D-Con showcases events for fans of anime , art and video game culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55f4db851408f4e8237c6e2b46a5cba7", "text": "Pittsburgh Comicon The Pittsburgh Comicon is a comic book convention held in Monroeville , Pennsylvania , United States . It was founded in 1994 by Michael and Renee George . It is traditionally a three-day event ( Friday through Sunday ) and features a fan-friendly experience that allows the fans to interact with comic professionals at all levels . Though it primarily focuses on comic books , the convention features a large range of pop culture elements , such as professional wrestling , science fiction/fantasy , film/television , animation , anime , manga , toys , collectible card games , video games , webcomics , and fantasy novels . Given Pittsburgh 's connection to George A. Romero 's zombie apocalypse films ( with Romero 's Dawn of the Dead being filmed in the Monroeville Mall ) , horror fans are also welcomed at the convention to meet and greet with the film 's actors that regularly attend . The show also makes a concerted effort to promote local-area talent and publishers . The show raises money for various charities ; over the years the show has supported local literacy organizations , the Comic book Legal Defense Fund , local Food Banks , and has raised more than $ 250,000 for the Pittsburgh chapter of the Make-A-Wish Foundation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2169998822269488a4dd654729a81e8e", "text": "International Festival of Comics and Games International Festival of Comics and Games is held annually in Łódź at the Lodz Culture Centre . It is the largest Polish and assumed to be one of the largest in Central and Eastern Europe comic con . In the beginning , the festival was called All-Polish Convention of Comic Creators . The first one was held on 2 February 1991 in Kielce . All subsequent ones were held in Łódź . The name was changed to International Festival of Comics in 1999 , during the tenth edition of the con . In 2008 the `` and Games '' was added to the name , as the con expanded also embraced the area of computer games . The Festival 's special guests included Grzegorz Rosiński , Simon Bisley , Akira Yamaoka , Brian Azzarello , Eduardo Risso , Stan Sakai , Marvano , Pat Mills , Clint Langley , Milo Manara , Jean Giraud , Tanino Liberatore , Zbigniew Kasprzak , Karel Saudek , Henryk Chmielewski , Tadeusz Baranowski , Janusz Christa , Bogusław Polch , Szarlota Pawel , Bohdan Butenko and Norm Breyfogle among many other international and local comic creators . During the Festival , numerous panels and workshops are held , as well as meetings with the creators , publishers and other important figures from the comic field , including the cross with movies and literature fields . It is also accompanied by the largest comic market throughout the year , where fans , collectors and both professional and small-press publishers sell their products and collectibles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b77eddb1f00cc101bc3afd986ca00cd", "text": "HASCON HASCON is a forthcoming annual fan convention created by Hasbro to promote its various licensed properties , including Transformers , G.I. Joe , My Little Pony : Friendship is Magic , and Magic : The Gathering . It thus replaces the previous fan convention from Fun Publications , BotCon . It was subsequently announced that the first HASCON is scheduled for September 8 -- 10 , 2017 , at the Rhode Island Convention Center .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ca02abd81b11e1a177d77d054365fed", "text": "Westercon Westercon ( occasionally WesterCon ; long version West Coast Science Fantasy Conference ) is a regional science fiction and fantasy convention founded in September 1948 by Walter J. Daugherty of the Los Angeles Science Fantasy Society . The original full name was West Coast Scienti-Fantasy Conference .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "61ecfd2cfddc6e6c45cec165c2b45c2b", "text": "Hunger in the United Kingdom Chronic hunger has affected a sizable proportion of the UK 's population throughout most of its history . The problem was largely solved with the improved economic conditions that followed World War II . Yet since the lasting global inflation in the price of food that began in late 2006 , and especially since the financial crisis of 2008 , severe hunger has once again began to affect thousands of Britons . By December 2013 , according to a group of doctors and academics writing in The British Medical Journal , hunger in the UK had reached the level of a `` public health emergency '' . In the run up to the 2015 general election , the issue of hunger in the UK became somewhat politicised , with right wing commentators expressing scepticism about figures presented by church groups and left leaning activitists . An All-Party MP group focusing on hunger in the UK has called for activists to be cautious in how they discuss the problem of domestic hunger , as exaggerated claims and political point scoring risk reducing public support for tackling the issue . In a 2016 report , the All-Party group stated it is not possible to accurately quantify the number of people suffering from hunger in the UK , and called for better collection of data . The UK has seen several changes in prevailing attitudes to the problem of hunger and its relief . In the early 19th century , a view arose that it was counter productive to assist those suffering from hunger ; rather people should be left to fend for themselves , which would help them become more self-sufficient and would also assist the free market to deliver prosperity . By the early 20th century this way of thinking had been largely displaced by the humanitarian view that Britons have a moral duty to help the hungry when they are able .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e4f67839cd77114e18da0710f1ee9171", "text": "Durban III Durban III is an informal name for a high-level United Nations General Assembly meeting marking the 10th anniversary of the adoption of The Durban Declaration and Programme of Action that was held in New York City on 22 September 2011 . It was mandated in 2009 by United Nations General Assembly ( GA ) resolution 64/148 to commemorate the World Conference against Racism 2001 ( also known as Durban I ) , and given additional form and visibility by a GA Third Committee draft resolution adopted on 24 November 2010 . It followed the Durban Review Conference , the official name of the 2009 United Nations World Conference Against Racism ( WCAR ) , also known as Durban II . The theme of the conference was `` Victims of racism , racial discrimination , xenophobia and related intolerance : recognition , justice and development '' , and most of the member states of the UN attended . Consisting of a plenary session and a series of round table discussions at the level of Heads of State and Government , its stated goal was to build upon the agenda outlined in The Durban Declaration and Programme of Action , or DDPA , described by the UN as `` the international community 's blueprint for action to fight racism . '' The Durban conferences had previously been criticized by Western governments for allegedly promoting rather than combating racism . Australia , Austria , Bulgaria , Canada , the Czech Republic , France , Germany , Israel , Italy , the Netherlands , New Zealand , Poland , the United Kingdom and the United States all boycotted Durban III . They charged that the Durban process has been used to promote racism , intolerance , antisemitism and Holocaust denial , and to erode freedom of speech and Israel 's right to exist . The same countries , excluding Austria , Bulgaria , France and the United Kingdom , also previously boycotted the Durban Review Conference in 2009 . A coalition of 25 non-governmental organizations ( NGOs ) critical of the conference , led by UN Watch , organized a parallel human rights summit with the stated aim of drawing attention to flaws in the UN system and promoting reform . A similar counter-conference organized by Nobel Peace Prize laureate Elie Wiesel and human rights scholar Anne Bayefsky featured scholars and public figures . Conversely , the Durban +10 Coalition , a group of NGOs which included the US Human Rights Network , National Lawyers Guild and the International Jewish Anti-Zionist Network , expressed its unequivocal support for the DDPA and criticized countries boycotting the conference .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c86421e085f3ea1e0a52f25d2b39f79c", "text": "Salt Lake Comic Con Salt Lake Comic Con is a biannual multi-genre fan convention held in Salt Lake City , Utah , United States . It is produced by Dan Farr and Bryan Brandenburg under Dan Farr Productions in partnership with MediaOne of Utah . The first convention took place at the Salt Palace Convention Center in Salt Lake City . The second event , Salt Lake Comic Con FanXperience , took place in April 2014 . Since then , the main Salt Lake Comic Con event has been held at the beginning of September each year , and the FanXperience event has been held at the beginning of the year . The third event , Salt Lake Comic Con 2014 , took place on September 4 -- 6 , 2014 . The event was sold out with over 120,000 attendees and was closed down on several occasions by the fire marshal for safety reasons . The fourth event , the second annual FanXperience , was called Salt Lake Comic Con FanXperience 2015 and took place on January 29 -- 31 , 2015 . Ticket sales were capped at 50,000 , with attendance measuring just above that , ensuring a more `` streamlined '' event . The fifth event , Salt Lake Comic Con 2015 , took place on September 24 -- 26 , 2015 . The sixth event and the third annual FanXperience , Salt Lake Comic Con FanXperience 2016 , took place on March 24 -- 26 , 2016 at the Salt Palace Convention Center . The seventh event , Salt Lake Comic Con 2016 , took place on September 1 -- 3 , 2016 . The eighth event and the fourth annual FanXperience , Salt Lake Comic Con FanX 2017 , took place on March 17 -- 18 , 2017 . The ninth event , Salt Lake Comic Con 2017 , is scheduled to take place on September 21 -- 23 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f1c32e6ec70ac8f16a8305c9ad8da0b", "text": "Second International Islamic Unity Conference From August 2 through the 4th , 1996 , some 7,000 attendees and over 125 speakers from around the globe attended a three-day marathon of lectures , parallel workshop sessions , prayer , praise of Muhammad and Islamic social interaction . Officially known as the International Islamic Unity Conference , it started off with a press session on Friday morning and ended with a parade through downtown Los Angeles on Sunday evening . Attendees praised the organizers for an excellent , though intense schedule of speeches by muftis , Islamic scholars , international political leaders , American political figures and an array of interfaith events . Chaired by Shaykh Muhammad Hisham Kabbani , the conference was sponsored by As-Sunnah Foundation of America , the Naqshbandi Haqqani Sufi Order and by a number of other charitable and religious organizations . Many felt the conference organization was exemplary , the facilities at the Los Angeles ' Westin Bonaventure Hotel excellent and the wide variety of cultural food and Islamic entertainment very apropos for such an international event . The many San Francisco Bay Area attendees were happy to find a number of prominent local Islamic activists featured , as well as those from national ISNA , IQRA , MPAC and other national Islamic organizations well represented . The spirit of unity was especially apparent at the `` Peace in the Streets '' session , where about 20 former gang leaders , along with the popular rap star MC Hammer , took shahada with Shaykh Nazim al-Qubrusi , Grand-mufti of Cyprus and worldwide leader of the Naqshbandi Haqqani Sufi Order . Attendees were treated to sessions on politics , importance of schools of thought , purification of the heart , establishing Islamic economic power , educational curriculum initiative and many other subjects , discussed from the main podium as well as in intimate workshops where speakers and attendees were able to express their views . A major event occurred on Saturday night , with the launching of the International Day of the Orphan , which is expected , given the sponsorship of California 's Assembly , and endorsement by a number of international organizations , to become a globally sponsored day for recalling the plight of orphans and children in difficulty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90935efbe9a58b04019c05ce636b6180", "text": "UniteWomen.org UniteWomen.org is a national non-partisan 501 ( c ) 3 tax exempt non-profit organization with a mission of ending inequality for women that stems from prejudice and discrimination and to defend and advance the human and civil rights of women and girls . The organization was formed in Michigan in February 2012 . It developed in response to the War on Women , a series of legislative actions in the United States which negatively affect women . The group has organized several marches , including a march in Jackson , Mississippi , to oppose `` 32 bills introduced this session restricting women 's access to health care '' and a nationwide march on April 28 , 2012 that took place in major cities across the United States . The group has been endorsed by American Association of University Women , National Latina Institute for Reproductive Health , the The Coalition of Labor Union Women and The Coffee Party USA . The march in April 2012 was promoted by Barbara Hannah Grufferman Karen Teegarden , President of UniteWomen.org , appeared on The Authentic Woman , along with National Organization for Women President , Terry O'Neill . The two women 's rights leaders were interviewed by radio host , Shannon Fisher , about The State of Women 's Rights in America . The organization was a partner in the Suffrage Centennial Celebration in 2013 , which was a week of events in Washington leading up to a reenactment of the Woman Suffrage Parade of 1913 Other partners in the Suffrage Centennial Celebration were the National Women 's History Museum , Sewall-Belmont House & Museum , the Smithsonian 's National Museum of American History , the Newseum , American Association of University Women , Daughters of the American Revolution , Delta Sigma Theta , the National Archives , the Turning Point Suffragist Memorial , the National Press Club , and The George Washington University Lisner Auditorium . UniteWomen.org 's `` Unite Against Rape '' campaign raised public awareness of the issues of rape , human trafficking and violence against women . An array of legislators , journalists and celebrities participated in the campaign , including U.S. Senators Mark Warner and Tim Kaine ; comedians Roseanne Barr , Margaret Cho , Annabelle Gurwitch and Lois Bromfield ; social justice advocate Sandra Fluke ; Philadelphia Eagles defensive tackle , Ronnie Cameron , musician Courtney Love ; social and political commentators Meghan McCain , Alexandria Goddard ( the Steubenville blogger ) , Leslie Salzillo , Kimberley A. Johnson and Tanya Tatum ; XoJane writers and editors Jane Pratt , Mandy Stadtmiller , Alison Freer , Marci Robin and Julia Allison ; actors Yuri Lowenthal , Pia Glenn and Sharon Gardner ; celebrity artist Tormented Sugar ; writers Herman Williams , III , Pat Bertram , Michele Rolle and Toni Morrison ; executive director of the Military Rape Crisis Center , Panayiota Bertzikis ; and celebrity relationship experts Dr. Gilda Carle and Dr. Sheri Meyers . The campaign was co-founded by UniteWomen.org executive committee members Renee Davis , Karen Teegarden , Shannon Fisher and Sarah Warfield Chamberlin . The team also partnered with Rape , Abuse & Incest National Network for a national RAINN Day campaign to raise awareness of sexual assault on college campuses .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d055ae514fb55e28877547e5cab9d344", "text": "Treklanta Treklanta ( formerly `` TrekTrax Atlanta '' ) is an annual Star Trek convention based in Atlanta , Georgia that places special emphasis on fan-based events , activities , programming and productions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd99b57e23093f9b31d0e9c66473f1ac", "text": "Palm Beach County Convention Center The Palm Beach County Convention Center is a multi-purpose facility in West Palm Beach , Florida . The facility opened its doors in January 2004 and hosts many high profile consumer shows and is the premier convention center of Palm Beach County , Fl . Its operations by are managed by Global Spectrum and Ovations Food Service .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24f0b42e08bac8412b7680fefb112b3d", "text": "Big Apple Comic Con The Big Apple Comic Con is a New York City comic book convention , the longest-running comic book/science fiction/fantasy/horror / pop culture convention in New York City . It was started by retailer Michael `` Mike Carbo '' Carbonaro in March 1996 in the basement of the Church of St. Paul the Apostle . During its heyday from 2001 -- 2008 , the Big Apple Comic Con often featured multiple shows per year , with a large three-day `` national '' convention held in November , usually held at the Penn Plaza Pavilion . The show was owned by Wizard Entertainment from 2009 to 2013 , but is now back in the hands of Carbonaro . Over the course of its history , the convention has been known as the Big Apple Convention , the Big Apple Comic Book Art , and Toy Show , and the Big Apple Comic Book , Art , Toy & Sci-Fi Expo ; with the November shows known as the National Comic Book , Art , Toy , and Sci-Fi Expo , the National Comic Book , Art , and Sci-Fi Expo , and the National Comic Book , Comic Art , and Fantasy Convention . After the show 's acquisition by Wizard Entertainment , the convention was known as the Wizard World Big Apple Comic Con , and as the Wizard World New York City Experience . In 2014 , the name `` Big Apple Convention '' was revived by Carbonaro for a show scheduled for March 7 , 2015 . Though it primarily focuses on comic books , the convention features a large range of pop culture elements , such as professional wrestling , science fiction/fantasy , film/television , animation , anime , manga , toys , horror , collectible card games , video games , webcomics , and fantasy novels . Along with panels , seminars , and workshops with comic book professionals , the Big Apple Comic Con often features previews of upcoming films , and such evening events as the costume contest overseen by `` Captain Zorikh '' Zorikh Lequidre . The convention features a large floorspace for exhibitors , including comic book dealers and collectibles merchants . The show includes an autograph area , as well as the Artists ' Alley where comics artists can sign autographs and sell or do free sketches . ( Despite the name , Artists ' Alley can include writers and even glamour models . ) In 2009 , Michael Carbonaro established his own independent one-day convention known as the New York Comic Book Marketplace which ran annually through 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c30e5ee701fccae94427b0b40f0b51d", "text": "Cardhalla Cardhalla is a charity event that has been held at Gen Con since 1999 . During the convention , a city is constructed out of donated trading card game cards . Near the end of the convention attendees are invited to throw coins at the city to destroy it . The thrown coins are collected and donated to charity . The motto is : `` Build . Donate . Destroy . '' The name is a portmanteau of `` card '' and the Norse city of Valhalla .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "02007be324814efaf15f1430b41a1339", "text": "Rear Window (1998 film) Rear Window is a 1998 American made-for-television crime-drama thriller film directed by Jeff Bleckner . The teleplay by Larry Gross and Eric Overmyer is an updated adaptation of the classic 1954 film of the same name directed by Alfred Hitchcock which was based on the short story `` It Had to Be Murder '' by Cornell Woolrich . It was broadcast in the US by ABC on November 22 , 1998 . This stars Christopher Reeve ( in one of his final screen appearances ) , Daryl Hannah , and Robert Forster .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b405ba78771ef4e781b4a86c7ab47d6b", "text": "Leonard Wilson Forster Leonard Wilson Forster ( 30 March 1913 -- 18 April 1997 ) was Professor of German at University College London , and Schröder Professor of German at the University of Cambridge .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d491fc5875a81dc68874cdc4c6d2c1ae", "text": "Robert Kramer Robert Kramer ( June 22 , 1939 -- November 10 , 1999 ) was an American film director , screenwriter and actor . He directed 19 films between 1965 and 1999 , most of them political cinema made from a left-wing point of view . His film À toute allure was entered into the 1982 Cannes Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "024a1a63e9ac465e054131ee388f2f49", "text": "Chandler Canterbury Chandler Canterbury ( born December 15 , 1998 ) is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b5dff9513bf01faf58e4cffc28d57ad", "text": "Bill Raymond William Joseph `` Bill '' Raymond ( born September 9 , 1938 ) is an American actor who has appeared in film , television and theatre since the 1960s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1faa1d2a9a678e08f753148d28b34097", "text": "Robert Stanton (actor) Robert Lloyd Stanton ( born March 8 , 1963 ) is an American film , television and stage actor , director and playwright . He may be best known for his role in the 1993 film Dennis the Menace as Henry Mitchell , the title character 's father .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45ea19f93e029875bac94e92d2529ed0", "text": "Robert Wilson (director) Robert Wilson ( born October 4 , 1941 ) is an American experimental theater stage director and playwright who has been described by the media as '' -LSB- America -RSB- 's -- or even the world 's -- foremost avant-garde ` theater artist . Over the course of his wide-ranging career , he has also worked as a choreographer , performer , painter , sculptor , video artist , and sound and lighting designer . He is best known for his collaborations with Philip Glass on Einstein on the Beach , and with numerous other artists , including Heiner Müller , William S. Burroughs , Allen Ginsberg , Lou Reed , Tom Waits , David Byrne , Laurie Anderson , Gavin Bryars , Rufus Wainwright , Marina Abramović , Willem Dafoe , Mikhail Baryshnikov , Darryl Pinckney and Lady Gaga .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82fa68113e4dd88f0835aab82a5a8dad", "text": "Les Misérables (1998 film) Les Misérables is a 1998 film adaptation of Victor Hugo 's 1862 novel of the same name , directed by Bille August . It stars Liam Neeson , Geoffrey Rush , Uma Thurman , and Claire Danes . As in the original novel , the storyline follows the adult life of Jean Valjean ( Liam Neeson ) , an ex-convict ( paroled following 19 years of hard labor , for stealing bread ) pursued by police Inspector Javert ( Geoffrey Rush ) . It was filmed at Barrandov Studios in Prague .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "19da6499fd89931c4a25fa43f8547fff", "text": "Waved Out Waved Out is Robert Pollard 's second solo album , released in 1998 on Matador Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc4f19f62e1649e6dd930e9ff1c141b1", "text": "Hugh Grant Hugh John Mungo Grant ( born 9 September 1960 ) is an English actor and film producer . Grant has received a Golden Globe , a BAFTA , and an Honorary César for his work . His films have earned more than US$ 2.4 billion from 25 theatrical releases worldwide . Grant first received attention after earning the Volpi Cup for his performance in James Ivory 's Maurice ( 1987 ) but achieved international success after appearing in the Richard Curtis-scripted Four Weddings and a Funeral ( 1994 ) . Grant used this breakthrough role as a frequent cinematic persona during the 1990s , delivering comic performances in films such as Mickey Blue Eyes ( 1999 ) and Notting Hill ( 1999 ) . One of the best known figures in 1990s British popular culture , Grant was in a high-profile relationship with Elizabeth Hurley , which was the focus of much attention in the British and international media . By the turn of the 21st century , Grant had established himself as a leading man , skilled with a satirical comic talent . Grant has expanded his oeuvre with critically acclaimed turns as a cad in Bridget Jones 's Diary ( 2001 ) , About a Boy ( 2002 ) , and American Dreamz ( 2006 ) . Grant later played against type with multiple cameo roles in the epic sci-fi drama film , Cloud Atlas ( 2012 ) . He 's also known for appearing in period pieces such as The Remains of the Day ( 1993 ) , Sense and Sensibility ( 1995 ) and Florence Foster Jenkins ( 2016 ) . Within the film industry , Grant is cited as an anti-star who approaches his roles like a character actor , and attempts to make his acting appear spontaneous . Hallmarks of his comic skills include a nonchalant touch of irony/sarcasm and studied physical mannerisms , as well as his precisely-timed dialogue delivery and facial expressions . The entertainment media 's coverage of Grant 's life off the big screen has often overshadowed his work as an actor . Grant has been outspoken about his antipathy towards the profession of acting , and in his disdain towards the culture of celebrity and hostility towards the media . In a career spanning 30 years , Grant has repeatedly claimed that acting was not his true calling , but rather a career that unintentionally developed by happenstance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1bfaea71782fc9b211905953f9d4e9c7", "text": "Love Is the Devil: Study for a Portrait of Francis Bacon Love Is the Devil : Study for a Portrait of Francis Bacon is a 1998 film made for television by the British Broadcasting Corporation ( BBC ) . It was written and directed by John Maybury and stars Derek Jacobi , Daniel Craig , and Tilda Swinton . A biography of painter Francis Bacon ( Jacobi ) , it concentrates on his strained relationship with George Dyer ( Craig ) , a small-time thief . The film draws heavily on the authorised biography of Bacon , The Gilded Gutter Life of Francis Bacon by Daniel Farson , and is dedicated to him . The film won three awards at the Edinburgh International Film Festival : Best New British Feature ( director John Maybury ) and two Best British Performance awards , one for Jacobi and , the other for future James Bond actor , Craig . The film was also screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a032c98fd2f7bdf44cbbb6ea5b6fd334", "text": "Nick Romeo Reimann Nick Romeo Reimann ( born 14 January 1998 in Munich ) is a German actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b194a0b18fd967206368ba0971fd31c6", "text": "River of Gold River of Gold ( O Rio do Ouro ) is a 1998 Portuguese drama film directed by Paulo Rocha . It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5756d6f74d16fce022b6b0f185bc9705", "text": "Jaded (film) Jaded is a 1998 film co-written and directed by Caryn Krooth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b3f557558a3ccd2149058ee8a11db72", "text": "E. M. Forster Edward Morgan Forster ( 1 January 18797 June 1970 ) , known as E. M. Forster , was an English novelist , short story writer , essayist and librettist . Many of his novels examined class difference and hypocrisy in early 20th-century British society , notably A Room with a View ( 1908 ) , Howards End ( 1910 ) , and A Passage to India ( 1924 ) , which brought him his greatest success . He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 16 different years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1da189226c838b1340f1dfe9e3b07250", "text": "Robert Hardy Timothy Sydney Robert Hardy , CBE , FSA ( born 29 October 1925 ) is an English actor with a long career in the theatre , film and television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa3889ad61653b3d38107f1c417cb22d", "text": "Saving Grace (1998 film) Saving Grace is a 1998 film produced in New Zealand based on a play by Duncan Sarkies . It was directed by Costa Botes and stars Kirsty Hamilton and Jim Moriarty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "327689a5de24cf5205d56906356b2f38", "text": "Robert Wisden Robert Charles Wisden ( born 1958 ) is an English actor who has an extensive career in Canadian and American television . He is best known for his role as United States President Richard Nixon in Zack Snyder 's film adaptation of the DC graphic novel Watchmen , Chief Coroner James Flynn in Da Vinci 's Inquest , Ken Browning in Final Destination and Robert Patrick `` Pusher '' Modell in the 1996 The X-Files series episode Pusher and 1998 follow-up episode Kitsunegari . In 2000 , he won a Gemini Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Featured Supporting Role in a Dramatic Program or Mini-Series for The Sheldon Kennedy Story ( 1999 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7fb542611b85b0eba508e7b356d4d7a4", "text": "Robert Markowitz Robert Markowitz ( born February 7 , 1935 in Irvington , New Jersey ) is an American film director and television director . He has directed a number of television films that include ( 1983 ) , Too Young to Die ? ( 1990 ) , Decoration Day ( 1990 ) , Because Mommy Works ( 1994 ) , The Tuskegee Airmen ( 1995 ) , The Great Gatsby ( 2000 ) , The Pilot 's Wife ( 2003 ) , Word of Honor ( 2003 ) , Avenger ( 2006 ) and other films . He also directed episodes of Delvecchio , Serpico , and the anthology series Amazing Stories . His last directing credit was the TNT television film Avenger ( 2006 ) starring Sam Elliott and Timothy Hutton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "03f2b308d0d171a0efe5bc90b5446344", "text": "Robert Duvall Robert Selden Duvall ( -LSB- duːˈvɔːl -RSB- born January 5 , 1931 ) is an American actor and filmmaker . He has been nominated for seven Academy Awards ( winning for his performance in Tender Mercies ) , seven Golden Globes ( winning four ) , and has multiple nominations and one win each of the BAFTA , Screen Actors Guild Award , and Emmy Award . He received the National Medal of Arts in 2005 . Duvall has starred in numerous films and television series , including To Kill a Mockingbird ( 1962 ) , The Twilight Zone ( 1963 ) , The Outer Limits ( 1964 ) , Bullitt ( 1968 ) , True Grit ( 1969 ) , MASH ( 1970 ) , THX 1138 ( 1971 ) , Joe Kidd ( 1972 ) , The Godfather ( 1972 ) , The Godfather Part II ( 1974 ) , The Conversation ( 1974 ) , Network ( 1976 ) , Apocalypse Now ( 1979 ) , The Great Santini ( 1979 ) , Lonesome Dove ( 1989 ) , The Handmaid 's Tale ( 1990 ) , Rambling Rose ( 1991 ) , and Falling Down ( 1993 ) . Duvall began appearing in theatre during the late 1950s , moving into television and film roles during the early 1960s , playing Boo Radley in To Kill a Mockingbird ( 1962 ) and appearing in Captain Newman , M.D. ( 1963 ) . He landed many of his most famous roles during the early 1970s , such as Major Frank Burns in the blockbuster comedy MASH ( 1970 ) and the lead role in THX 1138 ( 1971 ) , as well as Horton Foote 's adaptation of William Faulkner 's Tomorrow ( 1972 ) , which was developed at The Actors Studio and is Duvall 's personal favorite . This was followed by a series of critically lauded performances in commercially successful films . Since then , Duvall has continued to act in both film and television with such productions as Tender Mercies ( 1983 ) , The Natural ( 1984 ) , Colors ( 1988 ) , the television mini-series Lonesome Dove ( 1989 ) , Stalin ( 1992 ) , The Man Who Captured Eichmann ( 1996 ) , A Family Thing ( 1996 ) , The Apostle ( 1997 ) , A Civil Action ( 1998 ) , Deep Impact ( 1998 ) , Gods and Generals ( 2003 ) , Secondhand Lions ( 2003 ) , Broken Trail ( 2006 ) , Get Low ( 2010 ) , Jack Reacher ( 2012 ) , and The Judge ( 2014 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5573fa8cd22289c31c73ed68449642df", "text": "City by the Sea City by the Sea is a 2002 film starring Robert De Niro , James Franco , Eliza Dushku , Frances McDormand and William Forsythe . It deals with the family problems of a wayward youth and is set against a man trying to break free of his past . It was directed by Michael Caton-Jones . It is based on the story of Vincent LaMarca .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d6dcd94073b39492fccc15b62faf47f0", "text": "Mughal emperors The Mughal emperors were a branch of the Timurid dynasty . From the early 16th century to the early 18th they built and ruled the Mughal Empire on the Indian subcontinent , mainly corresponding to the modern countries of Bangladesh , India and Pakistan . Their power rapidly dwindled during the 18th century and the last of the emperors was deposed in 1857 , with the establishment of the British Raj . The dynasty was of Asian Turco-Mongol origin from an area now part of modern-day Uzbekistan , and the emperors claimed direct descent from both Timur and Genghis Khan , through his son Chagatai Khan . Timur is generally known in the West as Tamerlane the Great . At their empire 's greatest extent in the late 17th and early 18th centuries , they controlled much of the Indian subcontinent , extending from Bengal in the east to Kabul and Sindh in the west , Kashmir in the north to the Kaveri basin in the south . Its population at the time has been estimated as between 110 and 150 million ( a quarter of the world 's population ) , over a territory of more than 3.2 million square kilometres ( 1.2 million square miles ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a59ddf777ea9a634257e569acb7e94b", "text": "Akbar Abu ` l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad ( 15 October 1542 -- 27 October 1605 ) , popularly known as Akbar I ( -LSB- əkbər -RSB- , literally `` the great '' ) and later Akbar the Great , was the third Mughal emperor , who reigned from 1556 to 1605 . Akbar succeeded his father , Humayun , under a regent , Bairam Khan , who helped the young emperor expand and consolidate Mughal domains in India . A strong personality and a successful general , Akbar gradually enlarged the Mughal Empire to include nearly all of the Indian Subcontinent north of the Godavari river . His power and influence , however , extended over the entire country because of Mughal military , political , cultural , and economic dominance . To unify the vast Mughal state , Akbar established a centralised system of administration throughout his empire and adopted a policy of conciliating conquered rulers through marriage and diplomacy . To preserve peace and order in a religiously and culturally diverse empire , he adopted policies that won him the support of his non-Muslim subjects . Eschewing tribal bonds and Islamic state identity , Akbar strived to unite far-flung lands of his realm through loyalty , expressed through a Indo-Persian culture , to himself as an emperor who had near-divine status . Mughal India developed a strong and stable economy , leading to commercial expansion and greater patronage of culture . Akbar himself was a patron of art and culture . He was fond of literature , and created a library of over 24,000 volumes written in Sanskrit , Hindustani , Persian , Greek , Latin , Arabic and Kashmiri , staffed by many scholars , translators , artists , calligraphers , scribes , bookbinders and readers . Holy men of many faiths , poets , architects and artisans adorned his court from all over the world for study and discussion . Akbar 's courts at Delhi , Agra , and Fatehpur Sikri became centres of the arts , letters , and learning . Perso-Islamic culture began to merge and blend with indigenous Indian elements , and a distinct Indo-Persian culture emerged characterised by Mughal style arts , painting , and architecture . Disillusioned with orthodox Islam and perhaps hoping to bring about religious unity within his empire , Akbar promulgated Din-i-Ilahi , a syncretic creed derived from Islam , Hinduism , Zoroastrianism , and Christianity . A simple , monotheistic cult , tolerant in outlook , it centred on Akbar as a prophet , for which he drew the ire of the ulema and orthodox Muslims . Many of his courtiers followed Din-i-Ilahi as their religion as well , as many believed that Akbar was a prophet . One famous courtier who followed this blended religion was Birbal . Akbar 's reign significantly influenced the course of Indian history . During his rule , the Mughal empire tripled in size and wealth . He created a powerful military system and instituted effective political and social reforms . By abolishing the sectarian tax on non-Muslims and appointing them to high civil and military posts , he was the first Mughal ruler to win the trust and loyalty of the native subjects . He had Sanskrit literature translated , participated in native festivals , realising that a stable empire depended on the co-operation and good-will of his subjects . Thus , the foundations for a multicultural empire under Mughal rule was laid during his reign . Akbar was succeeded as emperor by his son , Jahangir .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "0d7106835dcf72b632d589973a83176f", "text": "Pratapaditya Pratapaditya ( 1561 -- 1611 CE ) was a zamindar , the Hindu king of Jessore and among the most prominent of the Baro-Bhuyan of Bengal , who fought against the Mughal Empire . He ruled over a Hindu kingdom in Bengal , which , at its zenith encompassed the districts of Nadia , North 24 Parganas and South 24 Parganas in West Bengal , as well as extending into modern-day Bangladesh from Kushtia district in north , Barisal in east and Sundarbans and Bay of Bengal to south .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f0278529de956b10c82d2bd6532776d3", "text": "Bidar Bakht Muhammad Bidar Bakht ( 4 August 1670 -- 8 June 1707 ) was a Mughal prince as the eldest son of Muhammad Azam Shah , who briefly became Mughal Emperor in 1707 , and his wife Jahanzeb Banu Begum . He is notable for being a gallant , skillful and an ever successful general , and was thus , regarded as the most able Mughal prince in his time . He was also his grandfather , Emperor Aurangzeb 's favourite grandson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f42b4ed1a5a30da17a0f775679622d3", "text": "Battle of Chakan The Battle of Chakan was fought between the Maratha Empire and the Mughal Empire in the year 1660 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52b06a21678382c4a797a7cfd3743c38", "text": "Rise of the Ottoman Empire The foundation and rise of the Ottoman Empire is a period of history that started with the emergence of the Ottoman principality in , and ended with the conquest of Constantinople on May 29 , 1453 . This period witnessed the foundation of a political entity ruled by the Ottoman Dynasty in the northwestern Anatolian region of Bithynia , and its transformation from a small principality on the Byzantine frontier into an empire spanning the Balkans and Anatolia . For this reason , this period in the empire 's history has been described as the Proto-Imperial Era . Throughout most of this period , the Ottomans were merely one of many competing states in the region , and relied upon the support of local warlords and vassals to maintain control over their realm . By the middle of the fifteenth century the Ottoman sultans were able to accumulate enough personal power and authority to establish a centralized imperial state , a process which was brought to fruition by Sultan Mehmed II ( r. 1451-1481 ) . The cause of Ottoman success can not be attributed to any single factor , and they varied throughout the period as the Ottomans continually adapted to changing circumstances . The earlier part of this period , the fourteenth century , is particularly difficult for historians to study due to the scarcity of sources . Not a single written document survives from the reign of Osman I , and very little survives from the rest of the century . The Ottomans , furthermore , did not begin to record their own history until the fifteenth century , more than a hundred years after many of the events they describe . It is thus a great challenge for historians to differentiate between fact and myth in analyzing the stories contained in these later chronicles , so much so that one historian has even declared it impossible , describing the earliest period of Ottoman history as a `` black hole . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "425e52a4cc098720bda46615be0f1624", "text": "Chandrasen Rathore Chandrasen Rathore was an Indian ruler of Marwar , which was later known as Jodhpur ( in the present day Rajasthan state of India ) . He was the third son of Maldeo Rathore , who broke the Rajput tradition of primogeniture by naming Chandrasen as his successor . Chandrasen followed his fathers policy and stayed hostile to the ruling Muslim powers in India . He defended his kingdom for nearly two decades against relentless attacks from the Mughal Empire . Chandrasen Rathore crowned himself in the capital Jodhpur and ousted his elder brother , Udai Singh . Akbar took advantage of these internal wars and with the help of Rajas from Bikaner and Amer fought Chandrasen in the Battle of Merta ( 1562 ) and Battle of Siwana ( 1576 ) . Chandrasen was defeated but he refused to have any form of alliance with the Mughal Empire . He continued his struggle until his death in 1581 at pali after which Marwar submitted to Mughal rule in 1583 . He is also known as the Forgotten prince of Marwar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b01c2da577fddd6b1d16a6660309133", "text": "Manohar Das Manohar Das , also simply Manohar or Manuhar , ( active 1582 -- 1624 ) was an Indian Hindu painter in the Mughal style . Manohar 's father Basawan was a master painter in the Mughal emperor 's court , where Manohar grew up . His father most likely instructed him , and later Manohar became a court painter as well . His earliest works were painted for Akbar , and then later he was in the service of Akbar 's son and successor Jahangir . Manohar 's works frequently depicted the royal families and life at court . Some of his works can be found at the British Museum and the Victoria and Albert Museum .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddccab8201c79f791301469853f0ed12", "text": "Kotla Mohsin Khan Kotla Mohsin Khan was constructed in the mid-16th century in the old city of Peshawar , and today consists of two domed tombs and the famous majestic gateway , it was also the residence of Mazullah Khan , a 17th-century Pashto poet . The last Mughal governor , Nawab Nasir Khan welcomed the Afghan King , Mohammed Nadir Shah and gave him the key to Peshawar in 1741 when he visited the city . This signaled the end of the Mughal Empire in Peshawar . According to an earlier legend , the foundation of the gate was laid down in the latter half of the 16th century in the presence of renowned personalities of the time , Sheikh Kaka Sahib and Akhund Derwaza Baba . It is also recorded that Arbab Mustajab Khan , being the representative of the Mughals , settled disputes amongst the Ghori Khel tribes in the balconies of the building . When the Mughals arrested Khushal Khan Khattak , Arbab Mustajab Khan , secured his release from the dungeon , through his personal efforts and kept him as a guest in the castle . On the orders of the ruler of Peshawar , when Khushal Khan Khattak was sent to Delhi , Mustajab Khan also accompanied his friend . This verse by Khushal Khan Khattak says : I was accompanied on my journey To Hind by Mustajab , Being a Khan , a Malik and an Arbab The original name of this site was Kotla Mustajab Khan . It was renamed as Kotla Mohsin Khan due to the owner 's close relationship with Mustajab Khan during the reign of Afghan King , Ahmad Shah Durrani . During the siege of Peshawar in 1830s , the Sikhs also burnt this site and it was later refurbished . The gate and minarets of Kotla Mohsin Khan are historical landmarks of the 16th - and 17th-century `` Roshnai period '' . Bayazid Ansari alias Pir Rokhan started his religious and political movement against the Mughal emperor Akbar from this site . Allah Dad Doshani alias Rashid Khan constructed minarets at this site to conduct judicial duties . The `` Village Kotla Mohsin Khan was founded by the forefathers of Afghan Mohib Khel family , some four to five centuries ago or even before . Afghan Mohib Khel is one of the famous caste and sect of the Tapa Mohmand of Pushtoon tribe of district Peshawar . The individuals of Afghan Mohib Khel family were and are respectable people and every member of this family with little or great social status calls himself Malik . Therefore , every member of the Afghan Mohib Khel family of village Kotla Mohsin Khan was and is basically a malik . However , different Governments ( Mughals , and the British , etc. ) in the past bestowed the title of Arbab on some powerful individuals of this family and had also given them certain responsibilities/services which they had to render on behalf of the governments of the time . However , Malikee of the village has been revolved in the descendants of the two sons ; Jehangir and Allou of Malik Karam Khan of the same family ( Afghan Mohib Khel ) . In the 6th generation his great grandson Mushtaq Hussain S/O Abdul Hamid is a Malik of the Village Kotla Mohsin Khan . Moreover , it may be understood that Arbab and Malik are two titles and not two separate castes/sects . Other families residing in the village are also respectable . They have their own castes and sects . However , it is clear that they had and have come to the village in the past from the different neighbouring areas/villages of Peshawar district or other districts in the province . Arbabs and Maliks of village Kotla Mohsin Khan are both Afghan Mohib Khel by caste and sect and have common genealogy . -LSB- see Naqal Shajara-i-Maleekan Muza Kotla Mohsin Khan , Tehsil Wa Zela Peshawar Sal-i-Bandubast-1870 , Tawareekh-i-Peshawar by Gopal Dass and Revenue record of the village Kotla Mohsin Khan Peshawar -RSB- .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56e51cffce0463060271d93b15ca3117", "text": "List of rulers of India For Lists of rulers of India , see : List of Indian monarchs ( c. 1700 BC -- 1950 ) List of Presidents of India ( 1950 -- present ) List of Prime Ministers of India ( 1947 -- present ) Category : India history-related lists Presidents Cite Biography India : Rulers Maurya , ancient Indian dynasty ( c. 325 -- c. 183 B.C. ) Asoka , Indian emperor ( c. 273 -- c. 232 B.C. ) of the Maurya dynasty Harsha , Indian emperor ( 606 -- 47 ) Prithvi Raj , ruler of the Chauan dynasty of N. India ( d. 1192 ) Mughal , Muslim empire in India ( 1526 -- 1857 ) Babur , founder of the Mughal empire of India ( 1494 -- 1530 ) Humayun , second Mughal emperor of India ( 1530 -- 56 ) Sher Khan , Afghan ruler in N. India ( 1540 -- 45 ) Akbar , Mughal emperor of India ( 1556 -- 1605 ) Jahangir , Mughal emperor of India ( 1605 -- 27 ) Shah Jahan , Mughal emperor of India ( 1628 -- 58 ) Aurangzeb , Mughal emperor of India ( 1658 -- 1707 ) Sivaji , Indian ruler , leader of the Marathas ( 1674 -- 80 ) Shah Alam , Mughal emperor of India ( 1759 -- 1806 ) Haidar Ali , Indian ruler ( 1761 -- 82 ) Tippoo Sahib , Indian ruler , sultan of Mysore ( 1782 -- 99 ) Warren Hastings , first governor general of British India ( 1774 -- 84 ) Ranjit Singh , Indian maharaja , ruler of the Sikhs ( 1799 -- 1839 ) Bahadur Shah II , last Mughal emperor of India ( 1837 -- 57 ) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi , Indian political and spiritual leader ( 1869 -- 1948 ) Rajendra Prasad , first president of India ( 1950 -- 62 ) Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan , Indian philosopher , president of India ( 1962 -- 67 ) Varahagiri Venkata Giri , president of India ( 1969 -- 74 ) Indira Gandhi , Indian political leader , prime minister ( 1966 -- 77 , 1980 -- 84 ) Rajiv Gandhi , prime minister of India ( 1984 -- 89 ) H. D. Deve Gowda , prime minister of India ( 1996 -- 1997 ) Atal Bihari Vajpayee , prime minister of India ( 1996 , 1998 -- 2004 ) Manmohan Singh , prime minister of India ( 2004 -- 2014 ) Narendra Modi , prime minister of India ( 2014 -- )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "36e57225bc602d8655379bf716715675", "text": "Shahryar (Mughal prince) Shahryar ( 16 January 1605 -- 23 January 1628 ) was the fifth and youngest son of the Mughal emperor Jahangir . After Jahangir 's death , Shahryar made an attempt to become emperor and was successful with the help of his powerful stepmother Nur Jehan , who was also his mother-in-law . However , he was only titular and suffered defeat and was killed at the orders of his victorious brother Shah Jahan . His only daughter was married to Aurangzeb .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50f3db336a2dabbc05483d1742818c24", "text": "History of Afghanistan The written history of Afghanistan , ( تاریخ افغانستان د افغانستان تاريخ can be traced back to around 500 BCE when the area was under the Achaemenid Empire , although evidence indicates that an advanced degree of urbanized culture has existed in the land since between 3000 and 2000 BCE . The Indus Valley Civilisation stretched up to large parts of Afghanistan in the north , with several sites being known . Alexander the Great and his Macedonian army arrived at what is now Afghanistan in 330 BCE after conquering Persia during the Battle of Gaugamela . Since then , many empires have established capitals inside Afghanistan , including the Greco-Bactrians , Mauryas , Kushans , Hindu Shahi , Saffarids , Samanids , Ghaznavids , Ghurids , Timurids , Mughals , Hotakis and Durranis . Afghanistan ( meaning `` land of the Afghans '' ) has been a strategically important location throughout history . The land served as `` a gateway to India , impinging on the ancient Silk Road , which carried trade from the Mediterranean to China '' . Sitting on many trade and migration routes , Afghanistan may be called the ` Central Asian roundabout ' since routes converge from the Middle East , from the Indus Valley through the passes over the Hindu Kush , from the Far East via the Tarim Basin , and from the adjacent Eurasian Steppe . The archaeological manifestation of the Indo-Iranians ( Aryans ) before their split into separate language groups is generally seen as the Andronovo culture to the north of present-day Afghanistan . The Iranian languages were developed by one branch of these people ; the Pashto language spoken today in Afghanistan is one of the Eastern Iranian languages . Elena E. Kuz ` mina argues that the tents of Iranian-speaking nomads of Afghanistan developed from the light surface houses of the Eurasian steppe belt in the Bronze Age . The Arab invasions influenced the culture of Afghanistan , and its pre-Islamic period of Zoroastrian , Macedonian , Buddhist and Hindu past has long vanished . Turkic empire-builders such as the Ghaznavids and Timurids made the region now called Afghanistan of major importance . Mirwais Hotak followed by Ahmad Shah Durrani unified Afghan tribes and founded the last Afghan Empire in the early 18th century CE . Afghanistan 's sovereignty has been held during the Anglo-Afghan Wars , the 1980s Soviet war , and the 2001-present war by the country 's many and diverse people : the Pashtuns , Tajiks , Hazaras , Uzbeks , Turkmen , Aimak , Baloch and others . The Pashtuns form the largest group , claiming to be descendants of ancient Israelites or Qais Abdur Rashid but scholars believe that they are a confederation of various peoples from the past who united under Pashtunwali .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2eee3679e5fd13426e2d3fd62435555", "text": "Mir Muhammed Ali Khan Muhammed Ali Khan was a prince and general of the Mughal Empire . Khan rescued the Grand Vizier Mir Mohib Ali Khalifa from enemy attacks at the Battle of Khanwa .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2cd76369a965016d9592207229040da8", "text": "Kosambi Kosambi ( Pali ) was an important city in ancient India . It was located on the Yamuna about 56 km southwest of Prayaga , renamed Ilahabad , now Allahabad , in the year 1575 by the Mughal ruler Akbar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4857eadb9915b96c3e73a7c510b1e6b", "text": "Mughal–Safavid War (1649–53) The Mughal -- Safavid War of 1649 -- 1653 was fought between the Mughal and Safavid empires in the territory of modern Afghanistan . The war began after a Persian army , while the Mughals were at war with the Janid Uzbeks , captured the fortress city of Kandahar and other strategic cities that controlled the region . The Mughals attempted unsuccessfully to regain the city .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1dd4bc5c9cb2a4b279bceadbb6c9bef", "text": "Tomb of Salim Chishti The Tomb of Sheikh Salim Chishti is famed as one of the finest examples of Mughal architecture in India , built during the years 1580 and 1581 , along with the imperial complex at Fatehpur Sikri near Zenana Rauza and facing south towards Buland Darwaza , within the quadrangle of the Jama Masjid which measures 350 ft. by 440 ft. It enshrines the burial place of the Sufi saint , Salim Chisti ( 1478 -- 1572 ) , a descendant of Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti of Ajmer , and who lived in a cavern on the ridge at Sikri . The mausoleum , constructed by Akbar as a mark of his respect for the Sufi saint , who foretold the birth of Akbar 's son , who was named Prince Salim after the Sufi Saint and later succeeded Akbar to the throne of the Mughal Empire , as Jahangir .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66a25c964e9a1034a230c71e3c57c446", "text": "Kuchaman City Kuchaman City -LCB- Hindi : कुचामन सिटी -RCB- is a second largest city and a municipality in Nagaur district after Nagaur City in the Indian state of Rajasthan . The city includes a few Havelis in the Shekhawati style and a fort overlooking the city . The fort is about 1100 years old and was built in the 9th century , by the -LSB- Rathore -RSB- ruler , Zalim Singh . One can also find fresco painting there on variable subjects such as flowers , motifs , and Hindu mythology . Kuchaman is also known for its hospitality called ` mehmaan nawazi ' . In 950 , the Chauhans of Ajmer drove out the Gurjar Pratihars to open a new chapter in the history of Kuchaman Fort . In the following centuries , the Gaurs won and controlled the fort until they surrendered it to the Rathores . Being Suryavanshi Kshatriyas , who trace their lineage back to Lord Rama , the hero of the epic Ramayana , the Rathores brought to the fort their long view . In 470 AD with Nayal Pals conquest of Kanauj , near modern Kanpur in U.P. The fort is a major tourist attraction and is also part of the route of Palace on Wheels . A few havelis have also opened their doors to the foreign guests , who visit during the winter . In 2006 , part of the Bollywood movie Drona , starring Abhishek Bachchan was shot at Kuchaman Fort . In 2008 , part of the movie Jodha-Akbar starring Hrithik Roshan and Ashwarya Rai was shot at Kuchaman Fort .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37a7da29a0c6e3c65b3e7707a5e9f926", "text": "Battles involving the Maratha Empire The Imperial Maratha Conquests were a series of conquests in the Indian subcontinent which led to the building of the Maratha Empire . These conquests were started by Shivaji in 1659 from the victory at the Battle of Pratapgad . The conquests conclusively defeated and overtook the Mughal empire in India and its vassals . It ended with the eventual fall of the Maratha empire after the second and the third Anglo-Maratha Wars .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "148df7df372112cf6547378b07b285c2", "text": "Mulla Do-Piyaza Mulla Do-Piyaza is a character from a series of folk tales featuring the Mughal emperor Akbar and his witty courtier Birbal . Mulla Do-Piyaza , also portrayed as witty , is Birbal 's rival . Even though these folk tales originated at the end of Akbar 's reign ( 1556 -- 1605 ) , Mulla Do-Piyaza began to appear later , popularised by writers in the late 19th century . Most scholars consider him to be completely fictional .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b11c81d862e06c0ef8e44d0e7f00e64", "text": "Trailokyavarman Trailokya-Varman ( reigned c. 1203-1245 CE ) was a king of the Chandela dynasty of central India . He ruled the Jejakabhukti region ( Bundelkhand in present-day Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh ) . Chandela inscriptions suggest that Trailokyavarman succeeded Paramardi as the Chandela ruler . He was probably Paramardi 's son , although this can not be said with certainty based on the available evidence . Seven inscriptions of Trailokyavarman have been found at Ajaygarh , Banpur , Garra near Chhatarpur , and Tehri ( Tikamgarh ) . A number of other places in the Bundelkhand region are mentioned in these inscriptions . The inscriptions give him the usual imperial titles Parama-bhattaraka Maharajadhiraja Parameshvara Parama-Maheshvara Shri-Kalanjaradhipati . His coins have been found in Banda district . This indicates that he controlled a large part of the traditional Chandela dominions . Trailokyavarman bore the title Kalanjaradhipati ( `` Lord of Kalanjara '' ) , which suggests that he recovered the Kalanjara fort from the Turkic rulers of the Delhi Sultanate . The Garra copper-plate inscription of Trailokyavarman as well as the Ajaygarh inscription of his successor Viravarman support this hypothesis . The Garra inscription records the grant of a village to the son of Rauta Pape , who was killed in a battle with the Turushkas ( Turkic people ) . The Ajaygarh inscription states that like Vishnu , he lifted the earth submerged in the ocean formed by the Turushkas . The Muslim chronicle Tabaqat-i Nasiri also suggests that Kalanjara had slipped from the Delhi Sultanate control , before it was raided by Malik Nusrat-ud-din Taisi ( or Tayasi ) in 1233 CE . According to the text , Taisi marched to Kalanjara from Gwalior , forcing the ruler of Kalanjara to flee , and then plundered the city . According to the Ajaygarh rock inscription from Bhojavarman 's reign , Trailokyavarman 's general Ananda subjugated several tribes , including the Bhillas , the Shabaras and the Pulindas . He is also said to have defeated Bhojuka , whose identity is uncertain . Some earlier scholars believed that Trailokyavarman captured the northern portion of the Kalachuri kingdom as well as Kanyakubja . This theory was based on the identification of `` Trailokyamalla '' mentioned in the 1212 CE Dhureti inscription with Trailokyavarman . However , the discovery of the 1197 CE Jhulpur inscription nullifies this assumption : Trailokyamalla was actually a son of Kalachuri king Vijayasimha . Like his predecessors , Trailokyavarman issued gold coins featuring a seated goddess , and copper coins featuring the deity Hanuman . He was succeeded by Viravarman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "652c9414c8aae91ed7fcfc1287435cc0", "text": "Shadi Khan Shadi Khan was the governor of Mughal emperor Akbar at Kandahar , Afghanistan , at the start of the 17th century . In 1621 , more than a decade after Akbar 's death , Shadi Khan , with the help of the Abdali Pashtun tribe and opposed by Sado Khan , allied with Abbas I of Persia , who had lost Kandahar in 1594 and was intriguing for its recovery .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ffb59af9abc732602c20c634c3eb2982", "text": "Abul Fazl Mamuri Abul Fazl Mamuri was a historian of the Mughal Empire during Aurangzeb 's reign and author of Tarkikh-i-Aurengzeb , Tarikh-i-Abul Fazl Mamuri and co-author of Shahjahannama .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "7e23f3702cbae56343b122115269c233", "text": "Kolyma Kolyma ( Колыма́ , -LSB- kəlɨˈma -RSB- ) is a region located in the Russian Far East . It is bounded by the East Siberian Sea and the Arctic Ocean in the north and the Sea of Okhotsk to the south . The region gets its name from the Kolyma River and mountain range , parts of which were not discovered until 1926 . Today the region consists roughly of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and the Magadan Oblast . The area , part of which is within the Arctic Circle , has a subarctic climate with very cold winters lasting up to six months of the year . Permafrost and tundra cover a large part of the region . Average winter temperatures range from − 19 ° C to − 38 ° C ( even lower in the interior ) , and average summer temperatures , from +3 ° C to +16 ° C . There are rich reserves of gold , silver , tin , tungsten , mercury , copper , antimony , coal , oil , and peat . Twenty-nine zones of possible oil and gas accumulation have been identified in the Sea of Okhotsk shelf . Total reserves are estimated at 3.5 billion tons of equivalent fuel , including 1.2 billion tons of oil and 1.5 billion m3 of gas . The principal town Magadan has nearly 100,000 inhabitants and is the largest port in north-eastern Russia . It has a large fishing fleet and remains open year-round thanks to icebreakers . Magadan is served by the nearby Sokol Airport . There are many public and private farming enterprises . Gold mines , pasta and sausage factories , fishing companies , and a distillery form the city 's industrial base .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d85b152029855bb9c2edf15bef5a6fb5", "text": "Museum of Ukrainian folk art The National Folk Decorative Art Museum is a museum dedicated to Ukrainian Folk decorative art in Kiev , Ukraine . The National Folk Decorative Art Museum is one of the largest art museums in Ukraine . It is located on the grounds of the Kiev Pechersk Lavra and is housed in the former Metropolitan 's residence and the adjacent Annunciation The museum collection was established in 1899 as part of the collection of the newly founded City Antiquity and Art Museum , which was renamed in 1904 the `` Kyiv Art , Industry and Science Museum '' . Now the reserves and displays of the museum contain over 75,000 artifacts of Ukrainian traditional folk and professional decorative art dating from 15th century to present days . Many of them are household and domestic articles varied in material , shape , decoration , and purpose which talented craftsmen had turned into highly artistic items inhering the wealth of regional specificities . Art works created by professional artisans demonstrate implementation of established folk traditions in their creative concepts . The museum permanent exhibition which totals some 1,500 sq. m. represents all types of Ukrainian folk art : carpet weaving , weaving , print , embroidery , ceramics , wood carving and painting , artistic leather work , horn and metal work , glassware , porcelain , Easter egg painting ( `` pysankarstvo '' ) , folk painting and iconography . The pride of the Museum is its extensive collection of Ukrainian folk costumes of the 19th -- first half of the 20th century representing all regions of Ukraine , in which are synthesized folk arts of style , sewing , weaving , embroidery , applique , print , wicker-work , artistic leather work and metalwork . Also deserving mention are the collection of traditional trappings : `` duckachs '' ( necklaces with coins as lockets ) , coral and Venetian glass beads , beadwork . Especially valuable objects , both from the historical and artistic viewpoints , are wooden carved silver-mounted cross of 1576 , clay glazed tiles of 15th -- 18th centuries , Cossack tobacco-pipes and powder flasks of 18th -- 19th centuries , silk woven sashes of 18th century , embroidered in gold and silver , 18th-century vestments , `` guta '' ( a traditional glass workshop in the 16th -- 19th centuries ) glassware of 16th -- 18th centuries , production of leading Ukrainian porcelain and faience enterprises of 18th -- 19th centuries : Kyevo-Mezhighirskaya faience factory and Volokitinsky porcelain works . The Museum possesses Ukraine 's largest collection of works by Maria Prymachenko ( 1909 -- 1997 ) , which includes more than 500 paintings . A special showroom accommodates the canvases by Kateryna Bilokur ( 1900 -- 1961 ) . They are deservedly considered the masterpieces of the Museum 's collection and belong to riches of world art . Numerous temporary exhibitions feature works by contemporary artisans as well as the exhibits stored in the Museum 's repositories . Category : Museums in Kiev Category : Museums established in 1899 Category : Art museums and galleries in Ukraine Category : Folk art museums and galleries Category : Kiev Pechersk Lavra Category :1899 establishments in Russia", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8af07ce7d7957afa4d7604bc9b61a830", "text": "Prykarpattia Prykarpattia ( Пpикapпaття literally means `` Ciscarpathia '' ) is the Ukrainian geographical term for the Subcarpathian historical region of Central Europe , at the foot of the Carpathian mountains , in modern Ukraine , consisting of today 's Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast ( Івано-Франківська область , translit . Ivano-Frankivs ' ka oblast ' ) . It forms part of the larger historic region of Galicia , was the main body of the historic region of eastern Halychyna ; which in the 13th century was a part of the Kingdom of Rus and the Halych-Volyn Principality ( see Kingdom of Galicia -- Volhynia ) . Along with the Lviv and Ternopil regions Prykarpattia is a component of the Carpathian Euroregion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a02e6af9303df3c9a1225cd4f3d7582", "text": "Scottish Lowlands The Lowlands ( the Lallans or the Lawlands ; a ' Ghalldachd , `` the place of the foreigner '' ) are a cultural and historic region of Scotland . The Lowlands is not an official geographical or administrative area of the country . There are two main topographic regions : the Midland Valley ( or Central Lowlands ) and the Southern Uplands . The term `` Lowlands '' mainly refers to the Midland Valley . However , in normal usage it refers to those parts of Scotland not in the Highlands ( or Gàidhealtachd ) . The boundary is usually considered to be a line between Stonehaven and Helensburgh ( on the Firth of Clyde ) . The Lowlands lie south and east of the line . Note that some parts of the Lowlands ( such as the Southern Uplands ) are not physically `` low , '' Merrick for example reaching 2,766 feet , while some areas indisputably in the Highlands ( such as Islay ) are low-lying . In geological terms , the dividing line between Lowlands and Highlands is the Highland Boundary Fault . There was also a legally defined Highland Line in the post-Culloden years , part of the measures taken to suppress Gaelic culture . For other purposes , the boundary varies ; but if the Boundary Fault is used , then the traditional Scottish counties entirely in the Lowlands are : Ayrshire , Berwickshire , Clackmannanshire , Dumfriesshire , East Lothian , Fife , Kinross-shire , Kirkcudbrightshire , Lanarkshire , Mid-Lothian , Peeblesshire , Renfrewshire , Roxburghshire , Selkirkshire , West Lothian and Wigtownshire . Traditional Scottish counties which straddle the Boundary fault include Angus , Dunbartonshire , Stirlingshire , Perthshire , Kincardineshire , Aberdeenshire , Banffshire and Moray . Geographically , Scotland is divided into three distinct areas : the Highlands , the Central plain ( Central Belt ) , and the Southern Uplands . The Lowlands cover roughly the latter two . The northeast plain is also `` low-land , '' both geographically and culturally , but in some contexts may be grouped together with the Highlands . The term Lowlands is sometimes used in a more restricted sense to refer specifically to the Midland Valley . Much of this area , which has a characteristic structure of sedimentary rocks with coal deposits , lies within the basins of the Rivers Forth and Clyde . Historically , this valley has been the most agriculturally productive region of Scotland . During the 19th and early 20th centuries , coal deposits promoted concentrated industrial activity and urbanization in the Midland Valley , where 80 percent of the population of Scotland now live . While coal mining and heavy industry have declined in the region , it remains at the centre of the Scottish economy , with electronics and computer manufacture and service sectors such as telecommunications , computer software , and finance . The southernmost counties of Scotland , nearest the border with England , are also known as the Borders . They are sometimes considered separately from the rest of the Lowlands . Many ancestors of the Scotch-Irish , as they are known in the United States , or Ulster-Scots , originated from the lowlands and borders region before migrating to the Ulster Plantation in the 17th century and later the American frontier , many prior to the American Revolution . The term Scottish Lowlands is used with reference to the Scots language in contrast to the Scottish Gaelic spoken in the Highlands , Scottish history and the Scottish clan system , as well as in family history and genealogy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e547244e64c02d69a679866ae171cb16", "text": "Vyatka River The Vyatka River ( -LSB- Вя́тка , p = ˈvʲatkə -RSB- -LSB- Нократ , Noqrat -RSB- Виче , Viče , Ватка , Vatka ) is a river in Kirov Oblast and the Republic of Tatarstan in Russia , a right tributary of the Kama River . It is 1314 km long , and its drainage basin covers 129000 km2 . The Vyatka River begins in the northern parts of Udmurtia . It freezes up in the early November and stays under the ice until the second half of April . Its principal tributaries are Kobra , Letka , Velikaya , Moloma , Pizhma , Cheptsa , Bystritsa , Voya , and Kilmez Rivers . The Vyatka River teems with fish : bream , roach , tench , sheat fish , pike , European perch , zander , etc. . The Vyatka River is navigable from its mouth to the city of Kirov , 700 km upriver . The main ports are Kirov , Kotelnich , Sovetsk , and Vyatskiye Polyany . Category : Rivers of Kirov Oblast Category : Rivers of Tatarstan Category : Rivers of Udmurtia", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a00e15e8181a2e8a29fb21d54b4ee7ef", "text": "Kurapaty Kurapaty is a wooded area on the outskirts of Minsk , Belarus , in which a vast number of people were executed between 1937 and 1941 during the Great Purge by the Soviet secret police , the NKVD . The exact count of victims is uncertain , NKVD archives are classified in Belarus . According to various sources the number of people who perished in Kurapaty is estimated to be the following : up to 7,000 people ( according to attorney general of Belarus Bozhelko ) , at least 30,000 people ( according to attorney general of BSSR Tarnaŭski ) , up to 100,000 people ( according to `` Belarus '' reference book ) , from 102,000 to 250,000 people ( according to the article by Zianon Pazniak in `` Litaratura i mastactva '' newspaper ) , 250,000 people ( according to Polish historian and professor of University of Wrocław Zdzisław Julian Winnicki ) , and more ( according to the British historian Norman Davies ) . In 2004 Kurapaty were included in the register of the Cultural Properties of Belarus as a first-category cultural heritage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e56db8659dbd25edf59be204b1fbc03f", "text": "Mount Kholodilnik Kholodilnik Mountain ( гора́ Холоди́льник or со́пка Холодильник lit . `` Mt. Refrigerator '' ) , is a mountain in eastern Russia . It is located in Primorsky Krai , and is in the highest peak within the city of Vladivostok . Mount Kholodilnik ( height 257.9 , was-Mount Myravyov-Amursky ) is the highest point in Vladivostok . Height is 297 meters . There are fortifications : Fort Count Muravyov - Amur Vladivostok fortress , five lettered fortress batteries and Soviet battery № 198 '' Kholodilnik '' . Currently , some fortifications are abandoned , others are on the territory of the military unit . Tourists want to visit this place to see the Soviet naval battery sample number 198 1935 years and four 130 - mm gun B - 13-3s . There are still buildings and cellars of the former fort of Major-General Count Nikolai Muravyov - Amursky . Many fortifications have long been abandoned , but some of them are now used by the military unit , which is located almost at the top of the mountain . On the eastern slope of the hill there are many places for a picnic . There is a spring of pure water . Geologically the hills to the south of Vladivostok are the Sikhote-Alin . Slopes on the mountain are used for the open championship of the Far East for downhill and cross-country . It is also used by mountain paragliders . So the rules are elements of air , the result of magical work on the hill Fridge is always weather changing . Therefore , if the weather in city changes completely unexpected , for example suddenly among of the blue sky clouds are formed and it begins to rain , most likely the reason for that is in the magical effect on a hill Fridge . Or , conversely , when the whole sky is overcast over the city , citizens can see in the sky a large circle of clear sky over the hill forts Refrigerator - It is an evidence of that at this moment being magical work is . Entrance to the mountain , oddly enough , is under water . Every 3 years products are imported there in the event of war , then they `` close '' the entrance to this place . They say that the food will last for a whole year to feed the city of Vladivostok . Mount Refrigerator is protected with naval vessels .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5157d19227ba17e1ad4f60d262a180f1", "text": "Matsesta River The Matsesta ( Мацеста , Мэсты Псы , МэшIост ) is a river in Krasnodar Krai , Russia , that flows into the Black Sea . The river rises in the southern ranges of the Alek mountains at an elevation of 900 m above sea level and flows through the Khostinsky City District of the city of Sochi and into the Black Sea . The river is 17 km long , and the highest point in the river 's basin is 1003 m above sea level . The river has numerous tributaries , the largest of which are the Tsanyk and Zmeyka . The Matsesta is most famous for its sources of mineral water . The name of the river translates in the Ubykh language and the Circassian ( Adyghe ) language as `` fiery water '' , from the words mašč ' o ( fire ) and psy ( water ) . This was because people that immersed themselves in the water of the Matsesta found that their skin became red . There also exists a legend about a girl named Matsesta who invaded an underground kingdom in order to find the spirit of the mineral resources . She killed the spirit at the price of her own life and then brought the healing sources of the river to its surface . The Matsesta was mentioned for the first time in history in 137 when the Roman military commander and historian Arrian described the coast of the Black Sea and the river Matsesta in a letter to the emperor Hadrian . Category : Rivers of Krasnodar Krai", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3ab2c4ef80d5b55d30eea2181f91a5b", "text": "Komi language The Komi language ( Komi : Коми кыв , transliteration : Komi kyv -LSB- / komi kɨv / -RSB- ) is a Uralic macrolanguage spoken by the Komi peoples in the northeastern European part of Russia . Komi may be considered a single language with several dialects , or a group of closely related languages , making up one of the two branches of the Permic branch of the family . The other Permic language is Udmurt , to which Komi is closely related . Of the several Komi dialects or languages , two major varieties are recognized , closely related to one another : Komi-Zyrian , the largest group , serves as the literary basis within the Komi Republic ; and Komi-Permyak ( also called Permyak ) , spoken in Komi-Permyak Okrug , where it has literary status . A third variety , Komi-Yodzyak is spoken by a small , isolated group of Komi to the north-west of Perm Krai and south of the Komi Republic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "793019f0380862888e99ff4358406926", "text": "Komsa culture The Komsa culture ( Komsakulturen ) was a Mesolithic culture of hunter-gatherers that existed from around 10,000 BC in Northern Norway . The culture is named after the Komsa Mountain in the community of Alta , Finnmark , where the remains of the culture were first discovered . The term was first used by Norwegian archaeologist Anders Nummedal ( 1867-1944 ) after the discoveries he made on Komsa Mountain during 1925 . The distinction between a `` Komsa '' type of stone-tool culture north of the Arctic Circle and a `` Fosna '' type from Trøndelag to Oslo Fjord was rendered obsolete in the 1970s . Nowadays both phenomena are ascribed to different types of tools of the same culture . Recent archeological finds from Finnish Lapland were originally thought to represent an inland aspect of the Komsa culture equally old as the earliest finds from the Norwegian coast . However , this material is now considered to be affiliated with the contemporary Post-Swiderian culture of North Central Russia and the eastern Baltic and thus represents a separate early incursion into northernmost Scandinavia The commonly held view today is that the earliest settlement of the North Norwegian coast originated on the western and southwestern coast of Norway and ultimately in the final Palaeolithic Ahrensburg culture of northwestern Europe . The Komsa are thought to have followed the Norwegian coastline when receding glaciation at the end of the last ice age ( between 11,000 and 8000 BC ) opened up new areas for settlement . It was formerly believed that some elements may have moved into modern-day Finnmark from the northeast , possibly coming from ice-free coasts of the Kola Peninsula . However , recent research indicates that a number of the coastal sites in the Varangerfjord area previously attributed to the second phase of the `` Komsa '' continuum actually represent an early incursion from the southeast ( northwestern Russia ) and are related to the early Post-Swiderian influx discovered in northernmost Finnish Lapland . Archaeological evidence indicates that the Komsa culture was almost exclusively sea-oriented , living mainly off seal hunting and being able boatbuilders and fishermen . In comparison to the southern Norway 's contemporary Fosna variety of this same culture , stone tools and other implements appear relatively crude . This has been explained with a paucity of flintstone in the region .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe4e24505568d40a66fe186aad514ca9", "text": "Misse Missen ( singular : misse ) are small , shallow , forest bogs in pine ( Pinus sylvestris ) - dominated woods that form on crests , saddles , hollows or plateaux in the hills or mountains . They only have a thin layer of peat of between 30 and 100 centimetres thick . The term misse is local to the Northern Black Forest and also surfaces as Miß , Müsse or Müß . These names probably derive from the German Moos ( `` moss '' ) because peat mosses ( Sphagnum ) play a key role in their development . Due to the poor tree growth associated with them , however , it could also stand for mies ( `` bad '' ) . Missen are most common on plateaux where the precipitation is heavy and the drainage is poor . But event silted-up tarns and shallow tarn soils may have missen on their hillsides ( Hillside or swamp bogs ) . Floristically and depending on location , missen may transition into raised bogs , whereby ombrotrophes , i.e. areas exclusively fed by rainwater , ( initially ) are formed , albeit they only have a small surface area .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b8ebb48200d1c07498a6da6a8dec240", "text": "Gladkoye narrow-gauge railway The Gladkoye peat narrow-gauge railway is located in Leningrad Oblast , Russia . The peat railway was opened in 1970 , and has a total length of 7 km and is operational . The track gauge is and operates year-round .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4cb693fcb1ce0c0415e6b4083a282756", "text": "Political status of Crimea The status of Crimea is the subject of a political and territorial dispute between Ukraine and Russia . While Russia occupied the territory in 2014 and claimed it had ` fully integrated ' it by July 2015 , and continues to administer it as two federal subjects of Russia , while Ukraine and the majority of international governments ( with a few exceptions ) continue to regard Crimea as an integral part of Ukraine . The dispute came into being after the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol against Ukrainian laws merged as a single united state under the name of Republic of Crimea and then , following a snap disputed referendum on joining Russia ( that official results showed backed the proposal ) , unilaterally declared their independence from Ukraine while the region was under military occupation by Russia itself . This state was then annexed by Russia , where it became a self-proclaimed federal district , whereas the Autonomous Republic became the `` Republic of Crimea '' as a Russian republic and Sevastopol became a Russian federal city . However , Ukraine and the majority of the international community do not consider the merge , the independence , the referendum , nor the annexation legitimate and still consider both entities as divisions of Ukraine . Despite international opinion however , the currency , tax and legal system are all operational under Russian jurisdiction . Ukraine has there applied for multiple litigations through international crime , water resources , the European Union and other courts . In 1920 , immediately after the RSFSR recognized the independence of the Ukrainian SSR ( The `` Workers ' and Peasants Union Treaty between the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic ( RSFSR ) and the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic '' signed 28 December 1920 ) , the responsibility for all Crimean administration was reassigned directly to the Kremlin . In 1994 Russia signed the Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances , which states that it would `` Respect Belarusian , Kazakh and Ukrainian independence and sovereignty and the existing borders '' . A detailed status of Crimea at that time was not described nor mentioned in the Budapest Memorandum , nor was a map of the existing borders of Ukraine included in the Memorandum .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47287283e13920df75bf99467e7259f0", "text": "Zay River The Zay ( Зай -LSB- Зәй , Zäy -RSB- , -LSB- zæɪ -RSB- ) is a river in Tatarstan , Russian Federation , a left-bank tributary of the Kama River . It is 270 km long , and its drainage basin covers 5020 km2 . It begins near Mikhaylovka , Leninogorsky District , Tatarstan and falls to the Kama River 7 km south-west of Nizhnekamsk . At its headwaters the river is named the Steppe Zay ( Степной Зай , Stepnoy Zay , -LSB- Дала Зәе , Dala Zäye -RSB- ) . The lower reach of the river after the confluence with Forest Zay River , 55 km , is named simply Zay . Also , one of headstream Steppe Zay 's tributaries is also named Zay . Other major tributaries are the Moshkara , Zay-Karatay , Ursala , Aktashka , and Shumyshka rivers . The mineralization varies from 2000-3000 to 5000 -- 8000 mg/l . Average sediment deposition at the river mouth per year is 130 mm . Drainage is regulated . There are two reservoirs , Zainsk and Karabash Reservoirs constructed in Zay valley . Since 1978 it is protected as a natural monument of Tatarstan . Zainsk , Almetyevsk and Karabash , Tatarstan are along the river .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ff156b12e421925d9014fbb6532f91f", "text": "Flow Country The Flow Country is a large , rolling expanse of peatland and wetland area of Caithness and Sutherland in Scotland . It is the largest expanse of blanket bog in Europe , and covers about 4,000 square kilometres ( 1500 mile2 ) . The area is home to a rich variety of wildlife , and is used as a breeding ground for many different species of birds , including greenshank , dunlin , merlin and golden plover . The Flow Country was badly damaged between 1979 and 1987 through the planting of non-native conifer forests and the cutting of thousands of miles of drains . The trees dried out the peat , changing the habitat and destroying its value for birds and other wildlife . The trees were mostly planted on land bought by Fountain Forestry who recognised that this would be attractive to wealthy investors who could claim planting grants and tax relief against all their other income , at a time of high personal taxation . The ploughing of the bogs and tree planting helped to reduce local unemployment which was among the highest in the United Kingdom : however in 1987 the Nature Conservancy Council ( NCC ) launched a report in London that was highly critical of the foresters . The Conservative Party which was in government at the time decided to disband the NCC and create a separate Scottish agency now called Scottish Natural Heritage . However , in 1988 Nigel Lawson , The Chancellor of the Exchequer , recognised that a tax break was doing enormous harm to the last real wilderness in the United Kingdom and scrapped the forestry tax reliefs . This immediately halted further planting and encouraged the Forestry Commission to adopt a much broader approach that respects existing landscapes . In an effort to restore the damage , the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds ( RSPB ) have bought a large area in the centre of the Flow Country and have created the Forsinard nature reserve . More than 20 km2 has been bought back from Fountain Forestry and the young trees felled and allowed to rot in the plough furrow in the hope and expectation that , in 30 to 100 years , the land will revert to peat bog . The Flow Country is on the 2006 UK `` tentative list '' as a possible UNESCO World Heritage Site . The application was re-listed in 2010 and Stuart Housden , the director of RSPB Scotland and a member of the Rural Development Council , said , `` This largely unspoilt landscape has thousands of hectares of ancient blanket peat land , making this perhaps the most important area of its type in the Northern Hemisphere . A global badge would certainly help us to get this special place in better heart . This area was sorely threatened in the 1980s and early 1990s by inappropriate afforestation , but just in time a conservation campaign mounted by the RSPB stopped the worst excesses . Action is now underway to restore the area . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "447fac80aca69bf8b888152005e1e7d0", "text": "Volga Upland The Volga Upland , also known as the Volga Uplands , Volga Plateau , Volga Hills , or Volga Plateau , ( Russian : Приволжская возвышенность - Privolzhskaya vozvyshennost ) is a vast region of East European Plain in European part of Russia that lies west of the Volga River and east of the Central Russian Upland . The uplands run for approximately 500 miles ( 804 km ) in a southwest-northeasterly direction from Volgograd to Kazan . The Tsimlyansk Reservoir lies at the southwestern end of the Volga Upland , with the Kuybyshev Reservoir at the northeastern end . The landscape on the Volga Uplands is hilly , and several rivers has cut into it , such as the Khopyor , Medveditsa and the Sura . The Volga-Don Canal cuts through the lowlands between the Volga Uplands to the north and the adjacent Yergeni Hills to the south . The uplands lie in the cool continental climate zone , characterised by large fluctuations in seasonal temperatures and generally little rainfall . Outside of the cities in the region , population density is generally between 28 and 129 inhabitants per square mile . The Volga Uplands themselves is rather sparsely populated , but along its edges and in particular along the banks of the Volga there are several large cities , such as ( from north to south ) Kazan , Ulyanovsk , Saransk , Penza , Syzran , Saratov and Volgograd .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "909cfb897133300f96ed3f8237051c4a", "text": "High Fens The High Fens ( Hautes Fagnes Hohes Venn Hoge Venen ) , which were declared a nature reserve in 1957 , are an upland area , a plateau region in the province of Liège , in the east of Belgium and adjoining parts of Germany , between the Ardennes and the Eifel highlands . The High Fens are the largest nature reserve or park in Belgium , with an area of 4501.2 ha ; it lies within the German-Belgian natural park Hohes Venn-Eifel ( 700 km2 ) , in the Ardennes . Its highest point , at 694 m above sea level , is the Signal de Botrange near Eupen , and also the highest point in Belgium . A tower 6 m high was built here that reaches 700 m above sea level . The reserve is a rich ecological endowment of Belgium covered with alpine sphagnum raised bogs ( not `` fens '' as the name would imply ) both on the plateau and in the valley basin ; the bogs , which are over 10,000 years old , with their unique subalpine flora , fauna and microclimate , are key to the conservation work of the park . In 1966 , the European Council awarded the `` Diploma of Conservation '' to the High Fens , for their ecological value .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e4e4d6a10dd691aa0e326b16a3d32ad", "text": "Geography of Kosovo Kosovo is a small landlocked country in Southeastern Europe , in the center of Balkan Peninsula . With an area of 10,908 km2 , it is one of the smallest countries in Europe . Considering it 's small area , Kosovo has a variety of topographical features . It is surrounded by mountains : the Sharr Mountains are located in the south and southeast , bordering Macedonia , while the Kopaonik Mountains rise in the north . The southwest borders with Montenegro and Albania are also mountainous , and home to the country 's highest peak , Gjeravica , 2656 m high . The central region is mainly hilly , but two large plains spread over Kosovo 's west and east , respectively , Metohija plain and Kosovo plain . In the terms of hydrography , Kosovo has limited water resources . The main rivers in the country are the White Drin , running towards the Adriatic Sea , the South Morava in the Goljak area , and Ibar in the north . Sitnica , a tributary of Ibar , is the longest river lying completely within Kosovo . There are several small natural lakes but the country 's most important lakes are artificial . The biggest lakes are Gazivoda , Radonjić , Batlava and Badovac . Kosovo also does have a large number of karst springs , thermal and mineral water springs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "242b7d8eaffb706aa87803057cb15107", "text": "Velikaya River The Velikaya is a river in Novosokolnichesky , Pustoshkinsky , Sebezhsky , Opochetsky , Pushkinogorsky , Ostrovsky , Palkinsky , and Pskovsky Districts of Pskov Oblast , as well as in the city of Pskov in Russia . It is a major tributary of Lake Peipus and belongs to the basin of the Narva River . It is 430 km long , and the area of its basin 25200 km2 . The name of the river means literally `` Grand '' or `` Great '' in Russian . The towns of Opochka , Ostrov and Pskov are located on the banks of the Velikaya . The principal tributaries of the Velikaya are the Alolya River ( right ) , the Issa River ( left ) , the Sorot River ( right ) , the Sinyaya River ( left ) , the Utroya River ( left ) , the Kukhva River ( left ) , the Cheryokha River ( right ) , and the Pskova River ( right ) . The source of the Velikaya is located in the Bezhanitsy Hills in the northwest of Novosokolnichesky District . The river flows south through a system of lakes to Lake Veryato , where it turns west . It accepts the Alolya from the right and gradually turns north , passing through the town of Opochka . Northwest of the urban-type settlement of Pushkinskiye Gory it turns west , accepts the Sinyaya from the left and turns north . In the city of Pskov the Velikaya accepts the Pskova from the right and turns northwest , forming a river delta as it enters Lake Peipus . The drainage basin of the Velikaya comprises vast areas in the west and southwest of Pskov Oblast , as well as in the east of Latvia and in the north of the Vitebsk Region of Belarus . The river has a significant historic importance . Pskov was founded in 903 , and the Velikaya provided it with access to the sea , via Lake Peipus and the Narva River . The Velikaya is navigable in its lower course ( 34 km ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "634fca75687c51f6ff45a9dc76579e92", "text": "Kotra (river) The Kotra ( Котра Katra ) is a 109 km river in Belarus and Lithuania . The river is known due to a rare phenomenon of river bifurcation . At first , the Kotra and Ūla form one river , known as the Pelesa , which originates in Belarus and flows in a northwestern direction . Just past the Belarus -- Lithuania border , between the villages of Paramėlis and Kazliškės , some 22 km southeast of Varėna , it branches out into two independent rivers : the Kotra , a tributary of the Neman , and the Ūla , a tributary of the Merkys . This situation arose in the second half of the 19th century when the Ūla , due to its channel erosion , crossed the water divide between its own and the Kotra 's drainage basins . As a result , the Ūla enlarged its basin by some 410 km2 and the Kotra lost two of its tributaries . These processes also caused a decrease in groundwater levels and the almost total disappearance of several large lakes located in the site . The Kotra flows along the Belarus -- Lithuania border for 24 km and the remaining 85 km through Belarus . It then flows along the southern border of Čepkeliai Marsh , the area protected as a nature reserve With the changes in drainage basins and groundwater levels , some 20 km2 of open marshes overgrew with trees . The Kotra and its surrounding marshes form wetlands of international importance : Kotra Ramsar site and Cepkeliai Ramsar site Varėna district municipality established a 1.085 km2 reservoir to protect the natural Kotra environment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2aa703592cee544c1c89893ff607ecc5", "text": "Obedska bara Obedska bara ( Obedska pond or Obedska bog , Serbian Cyrillic : Обедска бара , pronounced -LSB- ɔ̂bɛdskaː bâra -RSB- ) is a large swamp-forest area and natural reserve stretching along the Sava River in Southern Syrmia ( Serbia ) , some 40 km west of Belgrade . The pond is an oxbow lake , a remnant of the meanders of the old Sava River , whose main stream presently flows more southward . Due to its shape the swampy bed of the pond , situated between the villages of Obrež and Kupinovo , is called `` The Horse-shoe '' ( potkovica ) . Higher grounds with cut-in depressions and old oak forests are called `` The Hoof '' ( kopito ) . The pond is an authentic complex of stagnant tributaries , marshes , pits , marsh vegetation , damp meadows and forests . It is home to over 30 different water , swamp , forest and meadow biocoenoses . The fauna includes 220 species of birds , 50 species of mammals , 13 of amphibians , 11 of reptiles and 16 of fish , while the flora includes 500 species plants , 180 species of mushrooms and 50 species of moss . It is one of the richest and best preserved wildlife habitats in the Pannonian plain . Obedska pond is one of the world 's oldest nature areas , first administrative protective measures having been introduced 1874 , when the Habsburg Empire protected it as hunting ground of the royal family . Presently , it has first-category legal protection status , denoting a natural asset of exceptional value . Its status has been verified by the Ramsar Convention on swamps since 1977 , and included in the List of areas of special significance for birds of Europe of Important Bird Area project , and UNESCO 's list of world 's most important wetland areas .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "4c01e3f845afc5e921233e8febd85fca", "text": "Ryan Dusick Ryan Michael Dusick ( born September 19 , 1977 ) is an American musician and record producer . Until his departure in 2006 , he was the drummer for the pop rock band Maroon 5 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "95aea9053d61fec47c4d58693b82bb3b", "text": "The October Trio The October Trio is a Canadian jazz trio from Vancouver consisting of Josh Cole ( bass ) , Dan Gaucher ( drums ) , and Evan Arntzen ( saxophone ) . Formed in 2004 , the three met as students at Capilano College while studying jazz . Their influences are cited as being diverse , ranging from Vespertine-era Björk to the Wayne Shorter Quartet to local talents . In March 2005 , they became the regular performers at the Rime , a new music hub located in East Vancouver . There , they recorded their first live album , Live at Rime in 2005 . The trio released their studio album , Day In , in 2006 and in the same year , earned the title Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 's Galaxie Rising Star Award for best new group at the Vancouver International Jazz Festival . The album was also nominated for a 2007 Western Canadian Music award for Jazz Album of the year . After the album , the trio began collaborating with jazz trumpeter Brad Turner in 2007 and released the album Looks Like It 's Going to Snow in 2009 . Turner , had previously produced Day In and is also the producer for the new record . The album is noted for its lyricism and rich arrangements . One review notes that `` it easily and off-handedly incorporates funk and rock elements without becoming a collection that is dominated by a backbeat aesthetic . '' The band is also noted for its rhythmic complexity , as songwriter Cole enjoys the frequent play with irregular time signatures and unusual phrase lengths . The trio has also opened for Dave Holland and the Monterey Quartet . The band has performed at the Vancouver International Jazz Festival , the National Jazz Awards in Toronto , the Montreal Jazz Festival , the Seattle Earshot Jazz Festival , the Portland Jazz Festival , the Calgary Jazz Festival , and the Edmonton Jazz Festival . They have also toured eastern Canada and the United States in June 2010 to promote their latest recording .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66992740ba6c3d3c014711ac3277162d", "text": "Life of Ryan Life of Ryan is an American Reality television series on MTV . The series debuted on August 27 , 2007 with the second season premiering on January 8 , 2008 . The series follows the day-to-day life of professional skateboarder Ryan Sheckler as he manages his personal life and his career . Most episodes take place at Sheckler 's home in San Clemente , California . His friends , along with fellow professional skateboarders make various appearances in the series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65ca217678ffe616b15f119887367a19", "text": "Devin Durrant Devin George Durrant ( born October 20 , 1960 ) is a retired American professional basketball player . From 1984 to 1985 he played with the Indiana Pacers and with the Phoenix Suns . He later played in European basketball leagues until 1988 . In a Deseret News poll in the year 2000 , he was voted one of the top 10 college basketball players in the state of Utah over the previous 100 years . In 1999 , Sports Illustrated listed him as one of the 50 greatest Utah sports figures . Durrant has also served in various roles in the The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , including president of the Texas Dallas Mission and first counselor in the church 's Sunday School general presidency .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "814ff6388d42065eb06eb16345129b67", "text": "Ryan Dvorak Ryan Michael Dvorak is an American politician from the state of Indiana . A member of the Democratic Party , Dvorak is a member of the Indiana House of Representatives , representing the 8th District since 2002 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7d3ca38cd8550207a85acfade2a0875", "text": "Rossif Sutherland Rossif Sutherland ( born September 25 , 1978 ) is a Canadian actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bad19c3dce3757b5ea9404712dc5e510", "text": "Brent Ryan Green Brent Ryan Green ( born March 19 , 1984 ) is an American film director and producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d63055d968984ccfd28567508580093c", "text": "D. J. Durkin Daniel John `` DJ '' Durkin ( born January 15 , 1978 ) is an American football coach . He is currently the Head Coach for the University of Maryland . Before Maryland , he was the defensive coordinator at the University of Michigan . He also served as the interim head football coach and defensive coordinator of the Florida Gators football team for the team 's 2014 bowl game . On December 2 , 2015 , Durkin confirmed that he would serve as the head coach of the University of Maryland football team .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f4dd7fd953b8e8cc8eae2affa5e3b547", "text": "Kyle Ryan Kyle Ryan ( born September 25 , 1991 ) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Detroit Tigers of Major League Baseball ( MLB ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "753798a9e512083c2a20d8cf708a39a3", "text": "Excellence in Broadcasting `` Excellence in Broadcasting '' is the second episode of the ninth season of the animated comedy series Family Guy . It originally aired on Fox in the United States on October 3 , 2010 . The episode features anthropomorphic dog Brian , an adamant liberal , confronting conservative radio talk show host Rush Limbaugh at a book signing in Quahog , and ultimately having a political change of heart when Limbaugh convinces him to read his latest book . Brian eventually decides to become a devoted member of the Republican Party , and soon begins criticizing liberals . This leads Brian to become roommates with Limbaugh , and begins following him everywhere , before Limbaugh convinces Brian of his true political convictions . The episode was written by Patrick Meighan and directed by John Holmquist . It received mixed reviews from critics for its storyline and many cultural references , in addition to receiving both praise and criticism from conservative news outlets . According to Nielsen ratings , it was viewed in 7.94 million homes in its original airing . As well as Limbaugh , the episode featured guest performances by Gary Cole , Christine Lakin , Phil LaMarr , Shelley Long , Nana Visitor and Rainn Wilson , along with several recurring guest voice actors for the series . `` Excellence in Broadcasting '' was released on DVD along with three other episodes from the season on December 13 , 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6bda43cb154dcbe2137360c5a7d1f1a2", "text": "Colleen Zenk Colleen Zenk ( born January 20 , 1953 ) is an American actress best known for her role as Barbara Ryan in the daytime TV drama As the World Turns , a role she played from September 1978 until the show left the air in September 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bcf9625fa0ccdfb1b222b8b225b460a", "text": "Kirk Radomski Kirk J. Radomski ( born 1969 ) ( colloquially known by players as Murdock ) is a former batboy and clubhouse employee for the New York Mets Major League Baseball team from 1985 -- 1995 , who on April 27 , 2007 pleaded guilty in United States district court to money laundering and illegal distribution of anabolic steroids , human growth hormone , Clenbuterol , amphetamines and other drugs to `` dozens of current and former Major League Baseball players , and associates , on teams throughout Major League Baseball . '' He faced a maximum sentence of 25 years in prison and a $ 500,000 fine , but he was sentenced to 5 years probation and ordered to pay a fine of $ 18,575 due to his cooperation with the federal government and the Mitchell Report .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a839f2579f3023157a73193d153dbca2", "text": "Cristin O'Keefe Aptowicz Cristin O'Keefe Aptowicz ( born November 26 , 1978 ) is a New York Times-bestselling nonfiction writer and poet .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21e2fab50759c741e6128897f0316e81", "text": "Bobby Ryan (footballer) Bobby Ryan ( born 1 May 1979 in Limerick ) is an Irish footballer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e194ddd129b349cf9a346b23d088f41", "text": "Scott Ryan (Ohio politician) Scott K. Ryan ( born April 6 , 1965 ) is the Representative for the 71st district of the Ohio House of Representatives . Ryan is a small business owner and a graduate of Granville High School . He served as Licking County Treasurer before deciding to run for state representative to succeed Jay Hottinger , who was term-limited . He won the Republican primary handily and defeated Ann Rader 67 % to 33 % .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "405e28906322882c5be9b4b27f4c35fd", "text": "1978", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de236e6e78b0ebfc6620dd181c0ea03d", "text": "October 18", "title": "" }, { "docid": "05211b52a62f0b7ae0b915c1bea61fe1", "text": "Ryan Rome Ryan Rome ( born October 24 , 1979 ) is a retired Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman . He played amateur hockey with the University of Regina before beginning a three-season professional career between the Central Hockey League and United Hockey League . Rome retired following the 2004 -- 05 campaign . He has three brothers , Reagan Rome , Aaron Rome and Ashton Rome , all of whom have also played hockey professionally .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2588c4e3f342f58faec57eabcd36754a", "text": "Michael Fertik Michael Fertik ( born October 1 , 1978 ) is an American Internet entrepreneur and privacy advocate known for pioneering the industry of online reputation management . He is the founder , current executive chairman and owner , and former CEO of Reputation.com , Inc. a Redwood City technology company that sends take-down requests to websites hosting embarrassing content , attempts to influence search results , and help clients obtain positive reviews . He advocates that the internet be cautious to respect the privacy and reputations of people and businesses .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c96b0593232e167362a337048d7f8c9", "text": "Joe Lipari Joe Lipari , also known as J.R. Lipari , ( Born October 5 , 1979 ) is an American writer , marketer , comedian and artist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39dde710a5fe90fb6133c18eadbed305", "text": "East Rutherford, New Jersey East Rutherford is a borough in Bergen County , New Jersey , United States . As of the 2010 United States Census , the borough 's population was 8,913 , reflecting an increase of 197 ( +2.3 % ) from the 8,716 counted in the 2000 Census , which had in turn increased by 814 ( +10.3 % ) from the 7,902 counted in the 1990 Census . It is an inner-ring suburb of New York City , located 7 mi west of Midtown Manhattan . Under the terms of an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 17 , 1889 , a portion of the old Union Township was incorporated under the name of Boiling Springs Township . The new township took its name from a spring in the community . On March 28 , 1894 , the Borough of East Rutherford was created , based on the results of a referendum held the previous day , and Boiling Springs Township was dissolved . While there was no change in its borders , the name and form of government were changed . The borough was the second formed during the `` Boroughitis '' phenomenon then sweeping through Bergen County , in which 26 boroughs were formed in the county in 1894 alone . East Rutherford is the home of the Meadowlands Sports Complex , which includes Meadowlands Arena and MetLife Stadium , and was previously the location of Giants Stadium . The arena is best known as the longtime home of the New Jersey Nets of the National Basketball Association and the New Jersey Devils of the National Hockey League , and also hosted college basketball , arena football , concerts , and other events . MetLife Stadium is home of the New York Giants and New York Jets of the National Football League ( NFL ) and hosted Super Bowl XLVIII , which made East Rutherford the smallest city ever to host a Super Bowl . Giants Stadium , which hosted the Giants and Jets until 2009 , was also the original home of the New York Red Bulls of Major League Soccer . East Rutherford is the only municipality with fewer than 10,000 residents to have been home to five professional sports teams simultaneously . The borough is the site of the American Dream Meadowlands project , a large shopping center and entertainment complex under construction that was originally named `` Xanadu '' . If it were to be completed , it would be the second largest mall in the state behind the Westfield Garden State Plaza . Triple Five Group took control of the project in August 2013 , but faces lawsuits from the Giants and Jets , who claim that the increased traffic on game days will cause disruptions that violate their agreements with the original developer of the complex .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f040ab5917d4e706d2c93f57836e9c77", "text": "Victor Hugo Victor Marie Hugo ( -LSB- viktɔʁ maʁi yɡo -RSB- ; 26 February 1802 -- 22 May 1885 ) was a French poet , novelist , and dramatist of the Romantic movement . He is considered one of the greatest and best-known French writers . Outside France , his best-known works are the novels Les Misérables , 1862 , and The Hunchback of Notre-Dame ( Notre-Dame de Paris ) , 1831 . In France , Hugo is known primarily for his poetry collections , such as Les Contemplations ( The Contemplations ) and La Légende des siècles ( The Legend of the Ages ) . He produced more than 4,000 drawings and also campaigned for social causes such as the abolition of capital punishment . Though a committed royalist when he was young , Hugo 's views changed as the decades passed , and he became a passionate supporter of republicanism ; his work touches upon most of the political and social issues and the artistic trends of his time . He is buried in the Panthéon in Paris . His legacy has been honoured in many ways , including his portrait being placed on French currency .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "fd8cf170026dc7e3a217c834811629fe", "text": "Victor Rabu Víctor Rabu ( born 1834 in Agen , Lot-et-Garonne - died 24 March 1907 in Paris ) was a French architect . He was an exponent of eclectical historicism . He built a lot of churches in Uruguay , for that reason he was known as `` The Lord of the Churches '' : Iglesia de los Conventuales ( 1867 ) Capilla Jackson ( 1870 ) Iglesia San Francisco ( 1870 ) Iglesia de los Vascos ( 1870 ) Some important public buildings were of his authorship , such as the side wings of the Solís Theatre , or the Dámaso Larrañaga Asylum . He also built several private buildings for wealthy families .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac911450da05b3db2bb1a9771fe1076d", "text": "Alfredo del Diestro Alfredo del Diestro ( 1885 -- 1951 ) was Chilean actor and film director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54fff3eded64c2061672c70c438e78b2", "text": "Paul Meurice Paul Meurice ( 5 February 1818 - 11 December 1905 ) was a French novelist and playwright best known for his friendship with Victor Hugo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a259a6a572704990e60a3ac395d5cfa", "text": "Hugo del Carril Pierre Bruno Hugo Fontana otherwise known as Hugo del Carril ( 30 November 1912 -- 13 August 1989 in Buenos Aires ) was an Argentine film actor , film director and tango singer of the classic era .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e62f39ecb828410044e750a8e14e0dd9", "text": "Sylvie (novel) Sylvie ( 1853 ) is a novella by French Romanticist Gérard de Nerval . It was first published in the periodical La Revue des Deux Mondes in 1853 , and as a book in Les Filles du feu in 1854 , just a few months before Nerval killed himself in January 1855 . Sylvie is often considered to be Nerval 's prose masterpiece , and has been a favorite of Marcel Proust , André Breton , Joseph Cornell and Umberto Eco . Harold Bloom included it in The Western Canon ( 1994 ) . An idyll written in the form of a reminiscence , the story is about a hero 's love for three women , all of whom he loses ; a hymn to unattainable , unrequited love . The story begins when a paragraph in a newspaper plunges the narrator into his memories as a younger man . The perspective seems to shift back and forth between the past and present , so the reader is never entirely sure if the narrator is recounting past events from memory , or retelling current events as they happen . Critics have praised the writing for its lucid and lyrical style . The narrator , of noble status who has recently come into an inheritance , decides to leave Paris , where he is living a debauched life of theater and drink , and return to the love of his youth , a peasant girl named Sylvie who has classic features and brunette hair , a `` timeless ideal '' . She sews gloves for a living and ends up marrying another man more equal to her class . The narrator also loves a seductive actress in Paris named Aurelia , who has many suitors who tell her empty idylls of love , but none love her for who she really is , including the narrator , who sees her as a lovely illusion that fades in the daylight of reality . The narrator also loves Adrienne , of noble birth , tall with blonde hair , she is an `` ideal beauty '' , but she lives in a convent , and dies an early death . In the end , he loves all three but obtains none , seemingly for reasons both beyond and within his making . Sylvie has many features of Romanticism , including flowing descriptions of a beautiful but lost natural world , appreciation for the architecture and traditions of the Middle Ages , and Greek traditions . The use of color appears to be unique , with binary oppositions serving as a simplifying mechanism to make distant memories emerge more strikingly from the mist . The novel contains autobiographical elements . As in the story , Nerval often traveled to Germany and the east . Nerval had an unhappy love for a real actress , Jenny Colon . He had a female childhood friend named Adrienne , who he unhappily lost earlier in life . These unattainable and lost female figures are represented in the story , as well in his other works and real life , Nerval lost his mother at an early age . Guillaume Apollinaire relates ( in La Vie Anecdotique ) that while writing Sylvie , Nerval spent eight days in Chantilly solely to study a sunset that he needed for it . Julien Gracq wrote of Sylvie in 1966 : `` I know of no more enchanted narrative in our language '' ( `` Je ne connais aucun récit plus enchanté dans notre langue '' ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "05bca00cc403543682d50387f7dfbee2", "text": "Nikolai Leskov Nikolai Semyonovich Leskov was a Russian novelist , short-story writer , playwright , and journalist , who also wrote under the pseudonym M. Stebnitsky . Praised for his unique writing style and innovative experiments in form , and held in high esteem by Leo Tolstoy , Anton Chekhov and Maxim Gorky among others , Leskov is credited with creating a comprehensive picture of contemporary Russian society using mostly short literary forms . His major works include Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk ( 1865 ) ( which was later made into an opera by Shostakovich ) , The Cathedral Clergy ( 1872 ) , The Enchanted Wanderer ( 1873 ) , and The Tale of Cross-eyed Lefty from Tula and the Steel Flea ( 1881 ) . Leskov received his formal education at the Oryol Lyceum . In 1847 Leskov joined the Oryol criminal court office , later transferring to Kiev , where he worked as a clerk , attended university lectures , mixed with local people , and took part in various student circles . In 1857 Leskov quit his job as a clerk and went to work for the private trading company Scott & Wilkins owned by Alexander Scott , his aunt 's English husband . His literary career began in the early 1860s with the publication of his short story The Extinguished Flame ( 1862 ) , and his novellas Musk-Ox ( May 1863 ) and The Life of a Peasant Woman ( September , 1863 ) . His first novel No Way Out was published under the pseudonym M. Stebnitsky in 1864 . From the mid-1860s to the mid-1880s Leskov published a wide range of works , including journalism , sketches , short stories , and novels . Leskov 's major works , many of which continue to be published in modern versions , were written during this time . A number of his later works were banned because of their satirical treatment of the Russian Orthodox Church and its functionaries . Leskov died on 5 March 1895 , aged 64 , and was interred in the Volkovo Cemetery in Saint Petersburg , in the section reserved for literary figures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7058f5f3a4ed4723c68a4d7e474d59e7", "text": "The Survivors of the \"Jonathan\" The Survivors of the `` Jonathan '' , is a novel that was written ( as Magellania ) by Jules Verne in 1897 . However , it was not published until 1909 , after it had been rewritten by Verne 's son Michel under the title Les naufragés du `` Jonathan '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7d8c3b961543570a50d88ef4ca20e20", "text": "Lycée Français Victor Hugo de Port-Gentil Lycée Français Victor Hugo de Port-Gentil is a French secondary international school in Port-Gentil , Gabon . It serves collège ( junior high school ) and lycée ( senior high school ) levels , and was established in 1990 . In September 2014 , it had 325 students . The school is named after the 19th-century French writer Victor Hugo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17b19f0294f216f4400e4e9e0f5055ca", "text": "The Dying Earth The Dying Earth is a collection of fantasy short fiction by American writer Jack Vance , published by Hillman in 1950 . Vance returned to the setting in 1965 and thereafter , making it the first book in the Dying Earth series . It is retitled Mazirian the Magician in its Vance Integral Edition ( 2005 ) , after the second of six collected stories . The Internet Speculative Fiction Database calls it a `` slightly connected series of stories '' but it was ranked number 16 of 33 `` All Time Best Fantasy Novels '' by Locus in 1987 , based on a poll of subscribers . Similarly , it was one of five finalists for the Best Novel `` Retro Hugo '' in 2001 when the World Science Fiction Society provided 50th anniversary recognition for a publication year without Hugo Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7350c61b77b5198f94e7cbd65cb598c7", "text": "Joseph Léopold Sigisbert Hugo Joseph Léopold Sigisbert Hugo , ( 15 November 1773 -- 29 January 1828 ) was a French general in the Napoleonic wars . He was the father of Victor Hugo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2f2aa7754a3648919caaef56998935c", "text": "Bruno Frank Bruno Frank ( Stuttgart , June 13 , 1887 - Beverly Hills , June 20 , 1945 ) was a German author , poet , dramatist , and humanist . Frank studied law and philosophy in Munich , where he later worked as a dramatist and novelist until the Reichstag fire in 1933 . Persecuted by the government because of his Jewish heritage , he left Nazi Germany with his wife , Liesl , daughter of famed operetta diva Fritzi Massary . They lived for four years in Austria and England , then in 1937 finally went to the USA , where he was reunited with his friends Heinrich Mann and Thomas Mann . Frank is considered part of the group of anti-nazi writers whose works constitute German Exilliteratur . He continued to write , producing two novels , and worked in the film industry for the rest of his life . Frank wrote the screenplay for the popular movie version of The Hunchback of Notre Dame ( 1939 film ) , directed by William Dieterle and starring Charles Laughton , based on the novel by Victor Hugo . Frank 's play , Sturm Im Wasserglas , was posthumously made into a movie directed by Josef von Báky in 1960 . His nephew Anthony M. Frank became United States Postmaster General in 1988 . On his death in 1945 of a heart attack , Bruno Frank was interred in the Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bbf6508d1c47ce08708a7a7b781445fc", "text": "Lucrezia Borgia (play) Lucrezia Borgia ( Lucrèce Borgia ) is an 1833 play by the French writer Victor Hugo . It is a historical work portraying the Renaissance-era Italian aristocrat Lucrezia Borgia . The play ( along with Angelo , Tyrant of Padua ) is believed to have been a major influence on Oscar Wilde 's The Duchess of Padua ( 1891 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5f13fc3bbf5a2fb3d280c1ec02b2d25", "text": "The Last Day of a Condemned Man The Last Day of a Condemned Man ( Le Dernier Jour d'un Condamné ) is a short novel by Victor Hugo first published in 1829 . The novel recounts the thoughts of a man condemned to die . Victor Hugo wrote this novel to express his feelings that the death penalty should be abolished .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b92424d227240398b78ab3a04ed43df", "text": "Henry Victor Henry Victor ( 2 October 1892 -- 15 March 1945 ) was an English-born character actor who had his highest profile in the silent era .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1858f2a1ad18f92664f9e86ac7b9e9da", "text": "Les Misérables (1909 film) Les Misérables is a 1909 American silent historical drama proto-feature film ( four short films that can be seen separately , but when combined appear as a short film series resembling that of a full-length feature film ) . The proto-feature movie is based on the 1862 French novel of the same name by Victor Hugo , and stars Maurice Costello and William V. Ranous . It was directed by J. Stuart Blackton . Distributed by the Vitagraph Company of America , the film consists of four reels . The reels were released over the course of three months , from September 4 to November 27 , 1909 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e832e8f2faf0b9d103ef3bc7bac8edd", "text": "Gustave de Romand Gustave , baron de Romand , ( 18 -- - 18 -- ) was a respected amateur French entomologist , a member of the Société entomologique de France . who was prominent in the political arena . He contributed on September 4 , 1837 , a `` Description of the male Epomidiopteron Julii . '' to the Royal Entomological Society of London , but his modest place in the history of entomology is secured by his Tableau de l'aile supérieure des Hyménoptêres ( privately printed in Paris , 1838 ) . In a hand-colored lithograph it presented 28 kinds of Hymenopteran upper wings , their homologous features differently tinted , so that by comparing them the viewer could establish to which family an individual specimen belonged . In an accompanying printed 14-column table , the terms used by previous entomologists to describe Hymnopteran wings are tabulated.are presented for comparison . The Australian paper wasp Ropalidia romandi was named by Élie Jean François Le Guillou to honour him in 1841 . M. de Roland was more widely known among his contemporaries as a conservative politician , author of the political essay De l'État des partis en France ( 1839 ) , and of an essay on the dictatorial political strength of radical , socialist Paris over the provinces ( De la dictature de Paris sur la France ) in the year of revolution , 1848 . The crisis of 1848 elicited from him several other pamphlets . He was a member of the Corps législatif under the Second Empire ( 1852-1870 ) . He published his Souvenirs politiques et administratifs in 1855 . His father , aide-de-camp of the prince de Polignac and a staunch royalist during the Hundred Days was ennobled by Louis XVIII at the second Bourbon restoration , 1815 , and was made a member of the Legion of Honor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "281ad9273c5fdedf6b01919646686394", "text": "Hugo (film) Hugo is a 2011 historical adventure drama film directed and co-produced by Martin Scorsese and adapted for the screen by John Logan . Based on Brian Selznick 's book The Invention of Hugo Cabret , it is about a boy who lives alone in the Gare Montparnasse railway station in Paris in the 1930s . A co-production between Graham King 's GK Films and Johnny Depp 's Infinitum Nihil , the film stars Ben Kingsley , Sacha Baron Cohen , Asa Butterfield , Chloë Grace Moretz , Ray Winstone , Emily Mortimer , Jude Law , Helen McCrory , and Christopher Lee . Hugo is Scorsese 's first film shot in 3D , of which the filmmaker remarked : `` I found 3D to be really interesting , because the actors were more upfront emotionally . Their slightest move , their slightest intention is picked up much more precisely . '' The film was released in the United States on November 23 , 2011 . When it was released , Hugo received critical acclaim and received 11 Academy Award nominations ( including Best Picture ) , more than any other film that year , and won five awards : Best Cinematography , Best Art Direction , Best Sound Mixing , Best Sound Editing and Best Visual Effects . It was also nominated for eight BAFTAs , winning two , and was nominated for three Golden Globe awards , earning Scorsese his third Golden Globe Award for Best Director . The film grossed $ 185 million against a budget of $ 150 -- $ 170 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a86d2d61e164e33e29b54d773b217227", "text": "Adèle Hugo Adèle Hugo ( 28 July 1830 - 21 April 1915 ) was the fifth and youngest child of French writer Victor Hugo . She is remembered for developing schizophrenia as a young woman , which led to a romantic obsession with a British military officer who rejected her . Her story has been retold in film and books , such as The Story of Adele H.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d75a73146e6c2fb1dac61bed5516d76", "text": "Societe Le Chant du Monde v. Societe Fox Europe and Societe Fox Americaine Twentieth Century Societe Le Chant du Monde v. Societe Fox Europe and Societe Fox Americaine Twentieth Century is a French case had the same facts as the New York case Shostakovich v. Twentieth Century-Fox , wherein four Russian composers sued Fox to prevent the use of their public domain compositions in an anti-Communist film . The New York court presciently summed up the future holding of the French court , where it predicted that droit moral could `` prevent the use of a composition or work , in the public domain . '' The film was ordered seized . Russian music for many decades was in the public domain in the United States and western Europe , as a form of payback for the Soviet Union not recognizing western copyrights . Normally authors will be long dead before their works come into the public domain , however depending on the country there is authority that authors may dedicate their works to the public domain voluntarily . The Shostakovich and Le Chant du Monde problem , therefore is still with us . The problem is that voluntarily dedicated works may not truly be freely available for modification or even aggregation ( the music in Le Chant du Monde was merely a motion picture soundtrack ) until the author is dead , even though the works quite clearly are in the public domain . This case was discussed in Strauss , The Moral Right of the Author , 4 Am . J. Comp . L. 506 , 534-35 n. 56 ( 1955 ) . Category : Public domain Category : Copyright case law Category :20 th Century Fox litigation Category : French case law Category : French copyright law", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2005181ebcddf158af8b1df41a8cfbbd", "text": "Hugo of Ostia Hugo ( died 1 December 1158 ) was a French Cistercian and Cardinal . He was born probably in the diocese of Beauvais and entered the order of Cistercians in Clairvaux . In 1147 he became abbot of Trois-Fontaines . Pope Eugenius III ( also a cistercian ) created him Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia in the consistory celebrated probably in December 1151 . He subscribed the papal bulls between 29 December 1151 and 24 January 1155 and participated in the papal election , 1153 and papal election , 1154 . He corresponded with Bernard of Clairvaux . Cistercians venerated him as blessed .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "54729574854194dc7a62fe9dd80a2204", "text": "Amy Poehler Amy Meredith Poehler ( -LSB- ˈpoʊlər -RSB- born September 16 , 1971 ) is an American actress , comedian , director , producer , and writer . After studying improv at Chicago 's Second City and ImprovOlympic in the early 1990s , she went to New York City in 1996 to become part of the improvisational comedy troupe Upright Citizens Brigade . The group 's act became a half-hour sketch comedy series on Comedy Central in 1998 . Along with other members of the comedy group , Poehler was a founder of the Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre . She is best known by starring as Leslie Knope in the NBC sitcom Parks and Recreation , for which she won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Television Musical or Comedy Series in 2014 and a Critics ' Choice Award for Best Actress in a Comedy Series in 2012 . Poehler was a cast member on the NBC television series Saturday Night Live from 2001 to 2008 and became co-anchor of SNL 's Weekend Update in 2004 alongside friend and colleague Tina Fey . She is also known for voicing Joy from Inside Out , Sally O'Malley from the Horton Hears a Who ! movie adaption , Bessie Higgenbottom in the 2008 -- 2011 Nickelodeon series , The Mighty B ! and Homily Clock from the American-English dub of The Secret World of Arrietty . Poehler served as an executive producer on the Swedish-American sitcom Welcome to Sweden , along with her brother Greg Poehler . The series aired on NBC . She is also an executive producer on Broad City which airs on Comedy Central , and appeared in the season one finale . Since August 2015 , she has served as an executive producer on the Hulu original series Difficult People , which stars her former Parks and Recreation co-star Billy Eichner and comedian Julie Klausner , the latter of whom is the creator of the show . In December 2015 , Poehler received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for her contributions in television . An 18-time Primetime Emmy Award nominee , she won the 2016 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series for Saturday Night Live .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c34f34e48c6a91a2f89680aa5847faad", "text": "Leslie Knope Leslie Barbara Knope ( -LSB- ˈnoʊp -RSB- ) is a fictional character and the protagonist of the NBC comedy Parks and Recreation . She is portrayed by Amy Poehler . For most of the show 's run , she serves as Deputy Director of the Parks and Recreation Department of the fictional city of Pawnee , Indiana . An over-achiever , Knope believes the government should serve the people .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44440996479ace8f9dcfad828161d898", "text": "Ellen DeGeneres Ellen Lee DeGeneres ( -LSB- dᵻˈdʒɛnərᵻs -RSB- born January 26 , 1958 ) is an American comedian , television host , actress , writer , and producer . DeGeneres starred in the popular sitcom Ellen from 1994 to 1998 and has hosted her syndicated TV talk show , The Ellen DeGeneres Show , since 2003 . Her stand-up career started in the early 1980s , and included a 1986 appearance on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson . As a film actress , DeGeneres starred in Mr. Wrong ( 1996 ) , appeared in EDtv ( 1999 ) , and The Love Letter ( 1999 ) , and provided the voice of Dory in the Pixar animated films Finding Nemo ( 2003 ) and Finding Dory ( 2016 ) ; for Nemo , she was awarded the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress , the first time an actress won a Saturn Award for a voice performance . In 2010 , she was a judge on American Idol for its ninth season . She starred in two television sitcoms , Ellen from 1994 to 1998 , and The Ellen Show from 2001 to 2002 . During the fourth season of Ellen in 1997 , she came out as a lesbian in an appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show . Her character , Ellen Morgan , also came out to a therapist played by Winfrey , and the series went on to explore various LGBT issues , including the coming-out process . This made her the first openly lesbian actress to play an openly lesbian character on television . In 2008 , she married her longtime girlfriend Portia de Rossi . DeGeneres has hosted the Academy Awards , Grammy Awards , and the Primetime Emmys . She has authored three books and started her own record company , Eleveneleven . She has won 29 Emmys , 20 People 's Choice Awards ( more than any other person ) , and numerous other awards for her work and charitable efforts . In 2016 , she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6be6722df57dfcad25a802232f89bafd", "text": "Amy LaVere Amy LaVere , born Amy Fant , is an American singer , songwriter , upright bass player and actress based in Memphis , Tennessee . Her music is classified as Americana , combining a blend of classic country , gypsy jazz , and southern soul . She has released three albums on Memphis label Archer Records , and has acting credits in motion pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4b8f1aba9dc803d1cf199d65be6e3e6", "text": "Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play The Tony Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Play is an honor presented at the Tony Awards , a ceremony established in 1947 as the Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre , to actors for quality leading roles in a Broadway play . The awards are named after Antoinette Perry , an American actress who died in 1946 . Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the Tony Award Productions , a joint venture of The Broadway League and the American Theatre Wing , to `` honor the best performances and stage productions of the previous year . '' Despite the award first being presented in 1947 , there were no nominees announced until 1956 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aedd576583772437ba03cad319aec8e9", "text": "The American Side The American Side is a 2016 film starring Greg Stuhr and Matthew Broderick .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "def0aedff5557d0ee35128535de300bd", "text": "American Film Institute The American Film Institute ( AFI ) is an American film organization that educates filmmakers and honors the heritage of the motion picture arts in the United States . AFI is supported by private funding and public membership .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9cc7aaae8c91dd727d3c031e868f9410", "text": "Margaret Judson Margaret Judson ( born 1987 ) is an American actress . A native of Arlington Heights , Illinois , she appeared on The Newsroom , an HBO drama .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c01a8f9ed84f9bf9024a8e79a0df7d87", "text": "Jean Smart Jean Elizabeth Smart ( born September 13 , 1951 ) is an American film , television , and stage actress . After beginning her career in regional theater in the Pacific Northwest , she appeared on Broadway as Marlene Dietrich in Piaf in 1981 . Smart was later cast in a lead role as Charlene Frazier Stillfield on the CBS sitcom Designing Women , which she played from 1986 to 1991 . She was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for the 2000 Broadway revival of The Man Who Came to Dinner , and would go on to win two Emmy Awards for her role as Lana Gardener on the NBC sitcom Frasier ( 2000 -- 01 ) , and a third Emmy in 2008 for her role as Regina Newley on the ABC sitcom Samantha Who ? ( 2007 -- 09 ) . Her film credits include The Brady Bunch Movie ( 1995 ) , Guinevere ( 1999 ) , Sweet Home Alabama ( 2002 ) , I Heart Huckabees ( 2004 ) , and The Accountant ( 2016 ) . Between 2006 and 2007 , she portrayed Martha Logan on the series 24 , and later starred as Floyd Gerhardt on Noah Hawley 's critically acclaimed FX series Fargo ( 2015 ) , which earned her a Critics ' Choice Television Award as well as an Emmy Award nomination . Since 2017 , she stars in the FX series Legion , also by Hawley .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "040d3fbf478f304cc3b978947bad5eb2", "text": "Susan Ursitti Susan Ursitti is an American actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e112d28a09d70117e27782ede378f7c", "text": "Silver Linings Playbook Silver Linings Playbook is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by David O. Russell . It was adapted from the novel The Silver Linings Playbook , by Matthew Quick . The film stars Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence , with Robert De Niro , Jacki Weaver , Chris Tucker , Anupam Kher , and Julia Stiles in supporting roles . Cooper plays Patrick `` Pat '' Solitano , Jr. , a man with bipolar disorder who is released from a psychiatric hospital and moves back in with his parents , played by Robert De Niro and Jacki Weaver . Determined to win back his estranged wife , Pat meets recently widowed Tiffany Maxwell , portrayed by Jennifer Lawrence , who offers to help him get his wife back if he enters a dance competition with her . The two become closer as they train and Pat , his father , and Tiffany examine their relationships with each other as they cope with their problems . Silver Linings Playbook premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8 , 2012 , and was released in the United States on November 16 , 2012 . The film opened to major critical success and earned numerous accolades . It received eight Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay . It became the first film since 1981 's Reds to be Oscar-nominated for the four acting categories and the first since 2004 's Million Dollar Baby to be nominated for the Big Five Oscars , with Lawrence winning the Academy Award for Best Actress . It also achieved four Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lawrence winning Best Actress ; three BAFTA nominations , with Russell winning for Best Adapted Screenplay ; four Screen Actors Guild nominations ; and five Independent Spirit Award nominations , winning in four categories , including Best Film . The film was a success at the box office , grossing over $ 236 million worldwide , more than eleven times its budget .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8973103f0a51c4c05014fd2e31fc21e", "text": "Real Women Have Curves Real Women Have Curves is a 2002 American comedy-drama film that takes place in East Los Angeles . It gained fame after winning the Audience Award for best dramatic film , and the Special Jury Prize for acting in the 2002 Sundance Film Festival . The film went on to receive the Youth Jury Award at the San Sebastian International Film Festival , the Humanitas Prize , the Imagen Award at the Imagen Foundation Awards , and Special Recognition by the National Board of Review . The film was directed by Patricia Cardoso , and stars a young America Ferrera as protagonist Ana García . The film is based on a play ( of the same title ) written by Josefina Lopez , who co-authored the screenplay for the film with producer George LaVoo . According to the Sundance Institute , the film gives a voice to young women who are struggling to love themselves and find respect in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9dc25a7f1c07ffd673c318ffca65d793", "text": "Caitlin Dulany Caitlin Dulany is an American actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12dc940527cff089f09f8ccae01623ae", "text": "Amy Adams (disambiguation) Amy Adams ( born 1974 ) is an American actress . Amy Adams may also refer to : Amy Adams ( politician ) ( born 1971 ) , New Zealand politician Amy Adams ( singer ) ( born 1979 ) , American singer who was a finalist on the third season of television series American Idol Amy Adams , founder of Adams Childrenswear Amy Adams ( or Amy Games ) , wife of John Popham A. Elizabeth Adams ( 1892 -- 1962 ) , full name Amy Elizabeth Adams , American zoologist", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c04e580efa0e063b53d1df22f5739a56", "text": "Amy Lippman Amy Lippman is an American television producer and writer . She is perhaps best known as the co-creator of Party of Five with her writing partner , Christopher Keyser . She is politically conscious as a donor to Democratic candidates and causes . She also worked on the television series Sisters , In Treatment and the Party of Five spin-off Time of Your Life .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c10eac23d692612e50d3877f59a461d", "text": "Liz Sheridan Elizabeth Ann Sheridan ( born April 10 , 1929 ) is an American actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3de7d35a28153df4efe7573b757e1cd8", "text": "S. Craig Zahler S. Craig Zahler ( born January 23 , 1973 ) is an American novelist , screenwriter , director , cinematographer and musician .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "702b724dc176667d708bd4f860f839f2", "text": "AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role The AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role is an award presented by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts ( AACTA ) , a non-profit organisation whose aim is to `` identify , award , promote and celebrate Australia 's greatest achievements in film and television . '' The award is presented at the annual AACTA Awards , which hands out accolades for achievements in feature films , television , documentaries and short films . From 1971 -- 2010 , the category was presented by the Australian Film Institute ( AFI ) , the Academy 's parent organisation , at the annual Australian Film Institute Awards ( known as the AFI Awards ) . When the AFI launched the Academy in 2011 , it changed the annual ceremony to the AACTA Awards , with the current award being a continuum of the AFI Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role . It was presented as a special award , from 1971 -- 1975 , and was accompanied with a cash prize , before it became a competitive award from 1976 , onward . Judy Davis is the most nominated actress in this category , with five wins from eight nominations , most recently for her role in The Eye of the Storm ( 2011 ) . Candidates for this award must be human and female , and can not be nominated for the same role in the supporting actress category .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7512ebb030fc56583a0f553f03dd4c4", "text": "Enchanted (film) Enchanted is a 2007 American live-action/animated musical fantasy romantic comedy film , produced by Walt Disney Pictures with New York Academy Barry Sonnenfeld and Josephson Entertainment . Written by Bill Kelly and directed by Kevin Lima , the film stars Amy Adams , Patrick Dempsey , James Marsden , Timothy Spall , Idina Menzel , Rachel Covey , and Susan Sarandon . The plot focuses on Giselle , an archetypal Disney Princess , who is forced from her traditional animated world of Andalasia into the live-action world of New York City . Enchanted was the first Disney film to be distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , instead of Buena Vista Pictures Distribution . The film is both a homage to , and a self-parody of , Disney 's animated features , making numerous references to Disney 's past works through the combination of live-action filmmaking , traditional animation , and computer-generated imagery . It marks the return of traditional animation to a Disney feature film after the company 's decision to move entirely to computer animation in 2004 . Composer Alan Menken and lyricist Stephen Schwartz , who had written songs for previous Disney films , produced the songs of Enchanted , with Menken also composing its score . The animation sequences were produced at James Baxter Animation in Pasadena . Filming of the live action segments took place around New York City . It premiered on October 20 , 2007 , at the London Film Festival before its wide release on November 21 , 2007 , in the United States . Enchanted was well-received critically , established Adams as a leading lady , and earned more than $ 340 million worldwide at the box office . It won three Saturn Awards , including Best Fantasy Film and Best Actress for Adams . Enchanted also received two nominations at the 65th Golden Globe Awards and three Best Original Song nominations at the 80th Academy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64d78af8798b23a8edd83e91db8d51d9", "text": "Girls (TV series) Girls is an American television series that premiered on HBO on April 15 , 2012 . Created by and starring Lena Dunham and executive produced by Judd Apatow , Girls is a comedy-drama following the lives of four young women living in New York City . The show 's premise and major aspects of the main character were drawn from Dunham 's own life . The series has received a positive response from critics and consistent accolades , including the 2013 Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Musical or Comedy . Girls sixth and final season concluded on April 16 , 2017 , with a total of 62 episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49c91b0cc2e32a38ed7664ba3812605f", "text": "IO Theater iO , or iO Chicago , ( formerly known as `` ImprovOlympic '' ) is an improv theater and training center in central Chicago , with a branch in Los Angeles called iO West . The theater both teaches and hosts performances of improvisational comedy . It was founded in 1981 by the late Del Close and Charna Halpern . The theater has many notable alumni , including Amy Poehler and Stephen Colbert .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b55c7f3ebb4246b158a3b823b642dc8f", "text": "Hayden Panettiere Hayden Leslie Panettiere ( born August 21 , 1989 ) is an American actress , model , singer , and activist . She is known for her roles as cheerleader Claire Bennet on the NBC sci-fi series Heroes ( 2006 -- 10 ) , Juliette Barnes in the ABC/CMT musical-drama series Nashville ( 2012 -- present ) and Kairi in the video game series Kingdom Hearts . A native of New York City , she first appeared in a commercial at the age of 11 months . She began her acting career by playing Sarah Roberts on One Life to Live ( 1994 -- 97 ) , and Lizzie Spaulding on Guiding Light ( 1996 -- 2000 ) , before starring at age 10 as Sheryl Yoast in the Disney feature film Remember the Titans . Other notable roles include her portrayal of the title character in the true crime drama Amanda Knox : Murder on Trial in Italy and Kirby Reed in the slasher film Scream 4 . She received two nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress -- Series , Miniseries or Television Film , for her work on Nashville in 2012 and 2013 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "9e10621c55e79d9c7c898beedf5a268f", "text": "List of Awake episodes Awake is an American television police procedural fantasy drama , created by writer and executive producer Kyle Killen . The drama centers on Michael Britten ( Jason Isaacs ) , a detective living in two separate realities after a car accident . In one reality , in which he wears a green wrist band , his wife Hannah Britten ( Laura Allen ) was killed in the crash , and in another reality , in which he wears a red wrist band , his son Rex Britten ( Dylan Minnette ) was the one killed . Michael does not know which reality is real . He sees two separate therapists : Dr. Jonathan Lee ( BD Wong ) in the `` red reality '' , and Dr. Judith Evans ( Cherry Jones ) in the `` green reality '' . The series was conceived by Killen after creating and developing Lone Star for the Fox network . NBC encouraged Killen to conceive a concept for a future television series . Although inspired by the processes of dreaming , the script was cited as potentially being too complex for mainstream American television . The first episode of Awake was released on Hulu on February 16 , officially premiering in the United States on NBC on March 1 , 2012 . On May 11 , NBC canceled the series and aired the final episode on May 24 , 2012 . Awake averaged 4.8 million viewers per episode and ranked 125th in viewership for the 2011 -- 12 television season . Despite its relatively short life span , the series had large support by fans who teamed up to create the `` Save Awake '' campaign . It was well received by television critics based on its storylines . `` Say Hello to My Little Friend '' was generally considered the best episode of the series since the pilot by commentators . Various cast members have also been praised by critics , particularly Isaacs ' performance as Michael .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12c07b57b12648d84f747e2d7ac7f150", "text": "The Secret Life of the American Teenager The Secret Life of the American Teenager ( often shortened to Secret Life ) is an American teen drama television series created by Brenda Hampton . It first season aired on ABC Family on July 1 , 2008 and ran until June 3 , 2013 . The show was renewed for four additional seasons . The series received generally mixed reviews from mainstream critics when it began broadcasting , but was well received among female and teenage viewers . The pilot episode broke the record for the highest rated debut on ABC Family with 2.82 million viewers , a record previously held by Kyle XY . The season one finale brought in 4.50 million viewers , beating that night 's episode of Gossip Girl , which had less than half its usual number of viewers . Premiering to mostly positive reviews from critics and being well received among viewers , the second season of Secret Life opened with the largest audience for the series , posting a series high in total viewers with 4.68 million viewers ; in adults 18 -- 34 it was the number one scripted original premiere of Summer 2009 . Furthermore , the mid-season premiere became ABC Family 's most watched telecast of all time with viewers ages 12 -- 34 , with more than three million viewers watching . The show earned the Teen Choice Award for Choice Summer TV Show during its premiere season , and spawned a book entitled The Secret Diary of Ashley Juergens .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f3fb5c028998f17745b3c9144b858ff", "text": "Revenge (season 4) The fourth and final season of the ABC American television drama series Revenge premiered on September 28 , 2014 . The show continues to air Sundays at 10:00 pm ( ET ) . This season sees several cast changes as both Barry Sloane and Henry Czerny 's characters , Aiden Mathis and Conrad Grayson , were killed off in the Season 3 finale . This is the first season not to feature Czerny 's character . James Tupper and Karine Vanasse who play David Clarke and Margaux LeMarchal respectively , have been upgraded to series regulars . The series stars Madeleine Stowe and Emily VanCamp . Brian Hallisay was cast as Ben , Jack 's new police partner with hopes of becoming a detective . Elena Satine was cast as Louise , the daughter of a wealthy family . The season focuses on the revelation that David Clarke is alive and the continued feud between Emily and Victoria , who finally knows Emily 's true identity and seeks her own revenge . As David makes a return to the Hamptons the two women fight to position him against the other . On April 29 , 2015 , ABC canceled Revenge after four seasons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a798652b29ec8f2db0831cd11955c408", "text": "Bed of Roses (TV series) Bed of Roses is an Australian comedy drama television series which first screened on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation ( ABC ) from 10 May 2008 . It stars Kerry Armstrong ( SeaChange and Lantana ) and was created by Jutta Goetze and Elizabeth Coleman ; produced by Mark Ruse ( Kath & Kim , The Games ) and Stephen Luby ( Crackerjack ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33e7422334fa6e7fe069b3f611299dfd", "text": "Chloe Bennet Chloe Bennet ( born Chloé Wang , April 18 , 1992 ) is an American actress and singer . She is commonly known for her role as Daisy Johnson ( formerly known as Skye ) in the ABC spy-fi series Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c01a8f9ed84f9bf9024a8e79a0df7d87", "text": "Jean Smart Jean Elizabeth Smart ( born September 13 , 1951 ) is an American film , television , and stage actress . After beginning her career in regional theater in the Pacific Northwest , she appeared on Broadway as Marlene Dietrich in Piaf in 1981 . Smart was later cast in a lead role as Charlene Frazier Stillfield on the CBS sitcom Designing Women , which she played from 1986 to 1991 . She was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for the 2000 Broadway revival of The Man Who Came to Dinner , and would go on to win two Emmy Awards for her role as Lana Gardener on the NBC sitcom Frasier ( 2000 -- 01 ) , and a third Emmy in 2008 for her role as Regina Newley on the ABC sitcom Samantha Who ? ( 2007 -- 09 ) . Her film credits include The Brady Bunch Movie ( 1995 ) , Guinevere ( 1999 ) , Sweet Home Alabama ( 2002 ) , I Heart Huckabees ( 2004 ) , and The Accountant ( 2016 ) . Between 2006 and 2007 , she portrayed Martha Logan on the series 24 , and later starred as Floyd Gerhardt on Noah Hawley 's critically acclaimed FX series Fargo ( 2015 ) , which earned her a Critics ' Choice Television Award as well as an Emmy Award nomination . Since 2017 , she stars in the FX series Legion , also by Hawley .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f803baf7c70a32a23b46a6c0a7f26ce", "text": "Sherilyn Fenn Sherilyn Fenn ( born Sheryl Ann Fenn February 1 , 1965 ) is an American actress . She came to attention for her performance as Audrey Horne on the 1990 cult TV series Twin Peaks ( 1990 -- 1991 ) for which she was nominated a Golden Globe Award and an Emmy Award . She is also known for her roles in Of Mice and Men ( 1992 ) , Boxing Helena ( 1993 ) and the television sitcom Rude Awakening ( 1998 -- 2001 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "952b1ae56899e27165b2f04650573768", "text": "List of Scandal episodes Scandal is an American political thriller television series created by Shonda Rhimes , which premiered on ABC on April 5 , 2012 . Kerry Washington stars as Olivia Pope , a former White House Communications Director who leaves to start her own crisis management firm , Pope and Associates , where she works to keep the secrets and protect the public images of the country 's most powerful and elite . On staff at the new firm are fresh-faced lawyer Quinn Perkins ( Katie Lowes ) ; smooth talking litigator Harrison Wright ( Columbus Short ) ; investigator Abby Whelan ( Darby Stanchfield ) ; and computer hacker with a CIA past Huck ( Guillermo Diaz ) . The show also focuses on President of the United States Fitzgerald Grant ( Tony Goldwyn ) ; First Lady Mellie Grant ( Bellamy Young ) ; White House Chief of Staff Cyrus Beene ( Jeff Perry ) ; Vice President and eventual presidential candidate Sally Langston ( Kate Burton ) ; U.S. Attorney David Rosen ( Joshua Malina ) ; Head of NSA , Jake Ballard ( Scott Foley ) ; chairwoman Elizabeth North ( Portia de Rossi ) ; activist Marcus Walker ( Cornelius Smith Jr. ) ; and head of B613 Eli Pope ( Joe Morton ) . On February 10 , 2017 , the show was renewed for a seventh season . It was later announced it will be the final season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6796a606c0dbff31772d153fe5827946", "text": "Chaos Theory (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.) `` Chaos Theory '' is the seventh episode of the third season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they deal with the monstrous Lash . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by Lauren LeFranc , and directed by David Solomon . Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by series regulars Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , Nick Blood , Adrianne Palicki , Henry Simmons , and Luke Mitchell . Matthew Willig guest stars as Lash , with Blair Underwood playing his human form , Andrew Garner . `` Chaos Theory '' originally aired on ABC on November 10 , 2015 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 3.49 million viewers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "099ee3a77bbfd07b11206802b6634ecd", "text": "Desperate Housewives Desperate Housewives is an American television comedy-drama and mystery series created by Marc Cherry , and produced by ABC Studios and Cherry Productions . It originally aired for eight seasons on ABC , from October 3 , 2004 to May 13 , 2012 . Executive producer Cherry served as showrunner . Other executive producers since the fourth season included Bob Daily , George W. Perkins , John Pardee , Joey Murphy , David Grossman , and Larry Shaw . Set on Wisteria Lane , a street in the fictional town of Fairview in the fictional Eagle State , Desperate Housewives follows the lives of a group of women as seen through the eyes of their late friend and neighbor who committed suicide in the pilot episode . The storyline covers 13 years of the women 's lives over eight seasons , set between the years 2004 -- 2008 , and later 2013 -- 2017 ( the story arc includes a five-year passage of time , as well as flashbacks ranging from the 1980s to the 2020s ) . They work through domestic struggles and family life , while facing the secrets , crimes and mysteries hidden behind the doors of their -- on the surface -- beautiful and seemingly perfect suburban neighborhood . The series features an ensemble cast , headed by Teri Hatcher as Susan Mayer , Felicity Huffman as Lynette Scavo , Marcia Cross as Bree Van de Kamp , and Eva Longoria as Gabrielle Solis . Brenda Strong narrates the series as the late Mary Alice Young , appearing sporadically in flashbacks or dream sequences . Desperate Housewives was well received by viewers and critics alike . It won multiple Primetime Emmy , Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Awards . From the 2004 -- 05 through the 2008 -- 09 television seasons , its first five seasons were rated amongst the top ten most-watched series . In 2007 , it was reported to be the most popular show in its demographic worldwide , with an audience of approximately 120 million and was also reported as the third most watched television series in a study of ratings in twenty countries . In 2012 , it remained the most-watched comedy series internationally based on data from Eurodata TV Worldwide , which measured ratings across five continents ; it has held this position since 2006 . Moreover , it was the third highest revenue earning series for 2010 , with $ 2.74 million per half an hour . The show was ranked at number fifty-six on Entertainment Weekly `` New TV Classics '' list . In 2011 , it was confirmed that Desperate Housewives would conclude after its eighth season ; the series finale aired on May 13 , 2012 . By the end of the series , it had surpassed Charmed as the longest running hour-long television series featuring all female leads by two episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "226fff4f6a103fab2b7a0d8015a3b3dd", "text": "Claire Fraser (character) Claire Fraser is a fictional character in the Outlander series of multi-genre novels by American author Diana Gabaldon , and its television adaptation . In the series , Claire is a married World War II nurse visiting Scotland who finds herself transported from 1945 back to 1743 . There she finds adventure , war and romance with the dashing Highland warrior Jamie Fraser . Smart , stubborn and willful , Claire uses her wits , practical medical skills and knowledge of the future to survive in the 18th century . Claire is portrayed by Irish actress Caitriona Balfe in the Starz television series Outlander . Balfe won a Saturn Award for Best Actress on Television in 2015 and 2016 , and a People 's Choice Award for Favorite Sci-Fi/Fantasy TV Actress in 2016 . She also received nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Television Series Drama in 2015 and 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "171e45fb8272353ecf9f3860226d860c", "text": "Jennifer Freeman Jennifer Nichole Freeman ( born October 20 , 1985 ) is an American actress , often credited as Jennifer N. Freeman . She is best known for playing the role of Claire Kyle in the sitcom My Wife and Kids .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc76c37bb4ade1fe845acdeece5b9d35", "text": "Panettiere Panettiere ( -LSB- ˌpænᵻtiˈɛər -RSB- -LSB- panetˈtjɛːre -RSB- ) may refer to : Hayden Panettiere ( born 1989 ) , American actress Jansen Panettiere ( born 1994 ) , American actor , brother of Hayden Category : Occupational surnames Category : Italian-language surnames", "title": "" }, { "docid": "130b8c7d67768a7a7e04ed98d6992cae", "text": "List of Jane the Virgin episodes Jane the Virgin is an American comedy-drama television series that premiered on The CW on October 13 , 2014 . The series follows Jane Villanueva , a hard-working , religious young Latina woman whose family tradition and a vow to save her virginity until marriage is shattered when a doctor mistakenly artificially inseminates her during a checkup . To make matters worse , the biological donor is a married man , a former playboy and cancer survivor who is not only the new owner of the hotel where Jane works , but was also her former teenage crush . On October 21 , 2014 , the show was given a full season order . On January 11 , 2015 , the show was renewed for a second season , On March 11 , 2016 , the show was renewed for a third season . On January 8 , 2017 , the show was renewed for a fourth season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ec97a8d2d24cfb5482419c274f26eeb", "text": "Moon Over Miami (TV series) Moon Over Miami is an American drama and crime series that aired on ABC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5aa193f932d5f8decd0d9af76a914288", "text": "Claire King Claire King ( born Jayne Claire Seed on 10 January 1963 ) is an English actress . She is best known for playing the role of Kim Tate in the ITV soap opera Emmerdale and Karen Betts in Bad Girls . She has appeared in the fourth series of Strictly Come Dancing in 2006 , Safari School in 2007 , and Celebrity Big Brother 14 in 2014 . She currently plays Erica Holroyd in Coronation Street .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17f63184e1642cec628bc8660f185454", "text": "Naomi Clark Naomi Clark , played by AnnaLynne McCord , is a fictional character from the CW primetime drama 90210 , the fourth series of the Beverly Hills , 90210 franchise . The character was created by Rob Thomas , Gabe Sachs , and Jeff Judah , with later developments by Rebecca Sinclair , and occasional input from McCord . During early stages of production , Naomi was largely described as a privileged and popular teenager . Prior to the series ' premiere , Sachs and Judah would further develop Naomi into an antiheroine with a number of flaws , virtues , and familial issues . In the second season , Sinclair , the new show-runner , maintained the previous developments but presented a more comedic take on the character . McCord has expressed fondness for the multi-faceted nature of the role , citing it as a factor in her decision to accept the part . Often regarded as the show 's central figure , Naomi has received critical acclaim from the Los Angeles Times , Entertainment Weekly , People magazine , and other media outlets . Reviews have praised AnnaLynne McCord 's performance and the complexity of the role . Conversely , Naomi has also been a recipient of criticism , particularly during the second season . For her work in the role , McCord was nominated for a Teen Choice Award in 2009 , and won a Breakthrough of the Year Award in 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "db356173cba48ea15f4625f07dbcdc2b", "text": "Karen Cellini Karen Cellini ( cheh-LEE-nee ) ( born May 13 , 1958 ) is an American actress who succeeded Catherine Oxenberg in the role of Amanda Carrington in the 1980s prime time drama Dynasty in 1986 . Cellini originally auditioned for the role of Channing Carter Colby on Season 2 of The Colbys before being offered the role of Amanda . Amanda was abruptly written out the series during Cellini 's first season in the role and the character was never seen or mentioned again . In 2005 Cellini starred as Liz Mason in the horror film Seriously Twisted . Cellini has a twin sister named Kate .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "170e89547c9069d604f6ac3e748b2b18", "text": "Secrets and Lies (U.S. TV series) Secrets and Lies is an American mystery anthology television series that aired on ABC from March 1 , 2015 to December 4 , 2016 . The series is based on the Australian television series of the same name , and developed for American television by Barbie Kligman . The series follows Detective Andrea Cornell ( Juliette Lewis ) as she investigates homicide cases . In the first season , Ben Crawford ( Ryan Phillippe ) becomes the prime suspect in the death of a young boy who lived in his neighborhood . In the second season , Cornell investigates Eric Warner ( Michael Ealy ) , a newly married heir to his family 's private equity firm , when his wife Kate is murdered . The series was renewed for a second season on May 7 , 2015 , which premiered on September 25 , 2016 and concluded on December 4 , 2016 . On May 11 , 2017 , ABC cancelled the series after two seasons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c240925fb5282b073aeb4734d174905", "text": "Claire Foy Claire Foy ( born 16 April 1984 ) is an English actress . She studied drama and screen studies at Liverpool John Moores University and trained at the Oxford School of Drama , where she appeared in four plays , including Watership Down . She made her screen debut in the pilot episode of Being Human ( 2008 ) and in an episode of the BBC soap opera Doctors ( 2008 ) . Following her professional stage debut at the Royal National Theatre , she played the title role in the BBC One production of Little Dorrit , ( 2008 ) , and made her film debut as Anna in Season of the Witch ( 2011 ) . She had main roles as Erin Matthews in the Channel 4 series The Promise ( 2011 ) and several other television films and miniseries , including as Kate Balfour in the NBC series Crossbones ( 2014 ) . She received unanimous praise for her performance as Anne Boleyn in BBC2 's Wolf Hall ( 2015 ) , for which she was nominated for the British Academy Television Award for Best Actress and the Critics ' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Movie/Miniseries . Since 2016 , she has portrayed the young Queen Elizabeth II on the Netflix series The Crown , a role for which she has received critical acclaim and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Television Series Drama and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series , and was nominated for the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a1e37b780b02f77a2bc46a395374daac", "text": "Chandni Chandni ( Translation : Moonlight ) is a 1989 Indian Hindi language romantic drama film , starring Sridevi as the eponymous lead alongside Rishi Kapoor and Vinod Khanna and Waheeda Rehman . It was directed by Yash Chopra and the screenplay was written by Kamna Chandra , Arun Kaul , Sagar Sarhadi and Umesh Kalbagh . Chandni was a great success in 1989 and is considered one of the most successful films of all time . The profits of this romantic musical brought an end to Chopra 's lean phase . The platinum success of its music was also instrumental in bringing music back into Hindi films . For the cast , the film reaffirmed Sridevi 's position as the top female star of the 1980s . It prolonged Rishi Kapoor 's fading career and showed that he was still profitable as a leading hero . Chandni provided a boost for Vinod Khanna 's career and reunited Kapoor and Khanna , who were last seen together in the popular Amar Akbar Anthony ( 1977 ) . Sridevi 's white costumes became popular as the ` Chandni Look ' and the songs of the film are still a rage . Though this was not the first time Yash Chopra shot a film in Switzerland , the extensive scenes shot there made it a popular tourist destination for Indians . Chandni won the National Film Award for Best Popular Film of 1989 and is regarded as one of the Yash Chopra 's best films.द", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c88fc1505745caa13f6fdeec9e1a35f", "text": "Sridevi Sridevi Kapoor ( born Shree Amma Yanger Ayyapan ; 13 August 1963 ) is an Indian film actress who has worked in Tamil , Hindi , Telugu , Malayalam and Kannada films . She has been called the first female superstar of Hindi cinema . Sridevi started her career as a child artist in M.A. Thirumugham 's devotional Thunaivan at the age of four , and continued to act as a child artist in Tamil , Telugu , Malayalam and Kannada films . She made her Bollywood debut as a child artist in the hit Julie ( 1975 ) and played her first adult role at age 13 with the Tamil film Moondru Mudichu ( 1976 ) . Subsequently , Sridevi established herself as one of the leading actresses of Tamil and Telugu cinema , with roles such as 16 Vayathinile ( 1977 ) , Sigappu Rojakkal ( 1978 ) , Varumayin Niram Sivappu ( 1980 ) , Meendum Kokila ( 1981 ) , Premabhishekam ( 1981 ) , Moondram Pirai ( 1982 ) , Aakhari Poratam ( 1988 ) , Jagadeka Veerudu Atiloka Sundari ( 1990 ) , and Kshana Kshanam ( 1991 ) . In Bollywood , she made her debut as a lead actress in Solva Sawan ( 1978 ) and gained wide public attention with the movie Himmatwala ( 1983 ) . She appeared in a string of commercially successful movies like Mawaali ( 1983 ) , Tohfa ( 1984 ) , Naya Kadam ( 1984 ) , Masterji ( 1985 ) , Maqsad ( 1985 ) , Nazrana ( 1987 ) , Mr. India ( 1987 ) , Waqt Ki Awaz ( 1988 ) , Chandni ( 1989 ) . She also received critical acclaim for commercially successful movies like Sadma ( 1983 ) , Nagina ( 1986 ) , ChaalBaaz ( 1989 ) , Lamhe ( 1991 ) , Khuda Gawah ( 1992 ) , Gumrah ( 1993 ) , Laadla ( 1994 ) , Judaai ( 1997 ) . In 2012 , Sridevi returned to films after a 15-year-long hiatus with English Vinglish and became the only actress in the history of Hindi and Tamil cinema to make a highly successful comeback . In 2013 , the Government of India awarded her Padma Shri , the fourth highest civilian honor . She was also voted ` India 's Greatest Actress in 100 Years ' in a CNN-IBN national poll conducted in 2013 on the occasion of the Centenary of Indian Cinema . In her career , Sridevi has won five Filmfare Awards .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "9c6f6c065c5a08767c1f30effc0bf5be", "text": "Rishma Gurung Rishma Gurung is a Nepali Actress who debut as actor with the film `` Kabaddi `` in 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "352fe738296ef65297bb503a2916aa6a", "text": "Monica Bedi Monica Bedi ( born 18 January 1976 , in Hoshiarpur , Punjab ) is an actress and television presenter . She debuted in Hindi films in the mid-1990s . She is well known after participating in Bigg Boss 2 and also for playing a negative character in Star Plus ' Saraswatichandra from 2013-2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73827c38c238c94f628333fba5d8f6e1", "text": "Suneeta Rao Suneeta Rao ( born 5 April 1967 ) is an Indian popstar , dancer and stage actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "99cdb1c29ade94ce3a890176d79bd5e8", "text": "Binodini Dasi Binodini Dasi ( 1862 -- 1941 ) , also known as Notee Binodini , was a Calcutta-based , Bengali-speaking renowned actress and thespian . She started acting at the age of 12 and ended by the time she was 23 , as she later recounted in her noted autobiography , Amar Katha ( The Story of My Life ) published in 1913 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7872477900b7b5a047e57a73a5594ee8", "text": "Anjali Lavania Anjali Lavania ( born May 15 , 1985 ) is an Indian model and film actress . She made her acting debut in the 2011 Telugu film Panjaa , starring Pawan Kalyan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a83ddaa1eca7a61974df9f2516d8bee", "text": "Hema Malini Hema Malini ( `` Hema Malini Chakravarty '' ) ( born 16 October 1948 , Ammankudi ( Orathanadu ) , Tamil Nadu , India ) is an Indian actress , director , producer , dancer and politician . 1963 she made acting debut in Tamil film `` Ithu Sathiyam '' as a dancer resp . supporting actress . Malini first acted in main role in Sapno Ka Saudagar ( 1968 ) , and went on to feature in numerous Bollywood films , primarily as the lead actress . In most of her films , she starred opposite her husband ; Dharmendra and with Rajesh Khanna and Dev Anand . Malini was initially promoted as the `` Dream Girl '' , and in 1977 starred in a film of the same name . She has played both comic and dramatic roles , as well as being a dancer . She has appeared in more than 150 films . During her career , Malini received eleven nominations for the Filmfare Award for Best Actress , winning the award in 1972 . In 2000 , Malini won the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award and also the Padma Shri , the fourth-highest civilian honour awarded by the Government of India . In 2012 , the Sir Padampat Singhania University conferred an Honorary Doctorate on Malini in recognition of her contribution to Indian cinema . Malini served as chairperson of the National Film Development Corporation . In 2006 , Malini received Sopori Academy of Music And Performing Arts ( SaMaPa ) Vitasta award from Bhajan Sopori in Delhi for her contribution and service to Indian culture and dance . In 2013 , she received the NTR National Award from Government of Andhra Pradesh for her contribution to Indian cinema . From 2003 to 2009 , Malini was elected to the Rajya Sabha , the upper House of parliament , as a representative of the Bharatiya Janata Party . In 2014 , Malini was elected to the Lok Sabha . Malini has been involved with charitable and social ventures . Currently , Malini is also a life member of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness ( ISKCON ) . She was the top and successful actress of her time . She has been praised by critics for dancing and acting", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afbe385fb42c4880250d708037a559e9", "text": "Parvathy (actress) Parvathy ( born Parvathy Thiruvoth Kottuvata ) is an Indian film actress from Kozhikode , Kerala , who stars in South Indian films . She made her debut in the 2006 Malayalam film Out of Syllabus . She 's well known for her performances in films such as Notebook ( 2006 ) , Poo ( 2008 ) , Prithvi ( 2010 ) , City of God ( 2011 ) , Maryan ( 2013 ) , Bangalore Days ( 2014 ) , Uttama Villain ( 2015 ) , Ennu Ninte Moideen ( 2015 ) , Charlie ( 2015 ) and Take Off ( 2017 ) . Parvathy has won various awards and accolades for her roles . Parvathy won the 2015 Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress for her performances in the Malayalam films Ennu Ninte Moideen and Charlie . She won Filmfare awards for various roles as well , including the 2015 Filmfare Award for Best Actress for her role as Kanchanamala in the Malayalam film Ennu Ninte Moideen ( 2015 ) and the 2008 Filmfare Award for Best Actress for her role as Maari in the Tamil film Poo . She also won the 2014 Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role as RJ Sarah in the Malayalam film Bangalore Days ( 2014 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7796f32f8c43dabeb78d9a06b66ecc98", "text": "Mona Vasu Mona Vasu ( born 15 October 1982 ) , sometimes spelled Mona Wasu , is an Indian television actress . She is best known for having played the role of the title character Miilee in the TV series Miilee on STAR Plus .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4ad79af60ba57f9fda7ac4c6c8cda61f", "text": "Chandana Sharma Chandana Sharma ( born 7 August 1979 ) is an Indian television actress . She is the daughter of Anjana Bhowmik . Her sister Nilanjana Bhowmik Sengupta is also an actress . She made her debut in director Rabi Kinagi 's Premi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f86c73faac7b825e200b4b7483aa93ae", "text": "Dipna Patel Dipna Patel ( born on 29 November ) is a famous Indian actress and model , born in Georgia , United States . She was crowned as 2nd Runner Up at the I AM SHE -- Miss Universe India 2012 , a beauty pageant organized by Ms Sushmita Sen at Leonia Holistic Destination , Hyderabad . She also won the Femina Style Diva 2012 Season 1 and Miss Asia Pacific World India 2012 . She made her feature film debut with Gujjubhai The Great , a comedy drama based on the superhit franchise of Gujjubhai stage-plays by Siddharth Randeria. , directed by Ishaan Randeria .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d747ed7583ade5d51fa2c706b3dcd3a", "text": "Khushboo (Pakistani actress) Khushboo ( born 13 October 1969 in Lahore , Pakistan ) is a Pakistani film and stage-actress and dancer . Her first film was Maa bani Dulhan , in 1988 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b36abe9dba3fdc19e04411edd591610f", "text": "Manasi Moghe Manasi Moghe ( born 29 August 1991 ) is an Indian actress , engineer , model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Diva 2013 and represented India at Miss Universe 2013 in Moscow , Russia on 9 November 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f94e074c5010d983c8ec74973d9edc2", "text": "Deepa Chari Deepa Chari ( b. Mumbai ) is an Indian actress and swimsuit model working in Kollywood .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67367f9f79e1a39bfab1e050f56ad3ee", "text": "Thesni Khan Thesni Khan is a Malayalam television actress , theatre and film actress . Her debut was in 1988 through Daisy . She is a comedian and character actor . She is the product of famous institution Kalabhavan . She is best known for her roles as Kanyaka in Beautiful and Trivandrum Lodge which became `` the talk of the town '' . She has played memorable characters and worked with renowned names . She is known for her comic timing on both the small and big screens .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "733b68fbc9ce1242910b28cf9703e038", "text": "Chestha Bhagat Chestha Bhagat ( born 13 January 1989 ) is an Indian television actress . She made her debut with Splitsvilla on MTV . She also worked in The Buddy Project on Channel V.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f02e55156100d0ad2329de6e7377e5de", "text": "Siddharth Arora Siddharth Arora ( born 13 April 1988 ) is an Indian television actor . He made his television debut with the show Mukti Bandhan on COLORS and he made his Bollywood debut with the movie Yeh Jo Mohabbat Hai in 2012 , and also appeared as Beera in Na Bole Tum Na Maine Kuch Kaha Season 2 on COLORS . He is also played the lead character of Lord Krishna in Krishna Kanhaiya on SAB TV .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0578dd12a55925373a67d02b5e1a8ace", "text": "Ananya Khare Ananya Khare ( Hindi : अनन्य खरे ) is a Bollywood actress starring in supporting roles of several successful movies , including Devdas and Chandni Bar . She also starred in television serials ( including 1987 's Nirmala ) for almost two decades before her big screen success . She was awarded an Indian National Award for best supporting actress for her role in Chandni Bar and subsequently nominated for her role in Devdas . She has been awarded for her roles on stage , television , and on the big screen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b38cc4a12d5f25a6e7c60a6c4d995c8d", "text": "Menaka Lalwani Menaka Lalwani ( Hindi : मेनका लालवानी Mēnakā Lālavānī , born November 3,1989 ) is an Indian actress . She is known for her appearances in Indian soap operas . Lalwani is a professional model , beauty pageant contestant and trained classical dancer . She made her Hindi film debut with the 2013 film Miss Lovely .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "480e93b2070a4e7c1cab925dad779416", "text": "Rekha Bhanurekha Ganesan ( born 10 October 1954 ) , better known by her stage name Rekha , is an Indian film actress . Noted for her versatility and acknowledged as one of the finest actresses in Hindi cinema , Rekha started her career in 1966 as a child actress in the Telugu film Rangula Ratnam , though her film debut as a lead happened four years later with Sawan Bhadon . Despite the success of several of her early films , she was often panned for her looks and it was not until the mid-to-late 1970s that she got recognition as an actress . Rekha has acted in over 180 films in a career spanning over 40 years . Throughout her career , she has often played strong female characters and , apart from mainstream cinema , appeared in arthouse films , known in India as parallel cinema . She has won three Filmfare Awards , two for Best Actress and one for Best Supporting Actress , for her roles in Khubsoorat ( 1980 ) , Khoon Bhari Maang ( 1988 ) and Khiladiyon Ka Khiladi ( 1996 ) , respectively . Her portrayal of a classical courtesan in Umrao Jaan ( 1981 ) won her the National Film Award for Best Actress . Though her career has gone through certain periods of decline , she has reinvented herself numerous times and has been credited for her ability to sustain her status . In 2010 , she was honoured with the Padma Shri by the Government of India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c18b6c4ee7f8b140cee643159856510", "text": "Neeli Neeli ( -LSB- ) ( born Neelofar ( -LSB- ) , Multan , Punjab ) is a Pakistani film actress who acted in both Urdu and Punjabi language films . The director/producer Yunus Malik , a family friend , offered Neeli a role in a Punjabi film called Akhri Jang . Sangeeta signed her for a role in the Urdu film Kasam Munne Kee . After that film , Sajjad Gul signed her up in his films Choron Ki Barat and Haseena 420 . She starred in Madame Bavary in 1988 and had a double role in Kalay Chor . Later , she was paired with Javed Sheikh , and together they starred in Sher Ali ( 1992 ) , Khuda Gawah ( 1993 ) , Mushkil ( 1995 ) , Jeeva ( 1995 ) , and Chief Saab ( 1996 ) . Mushkil , dealing with the subject of child labour , was Sheikh 's debut as director . After the decline of the Pakistani film industry in the early 2000s , Neeli gradually left the business .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "0e5f177fd07cb69d623ac792473a3de2", "text": "Lisbon Lisbon ( -LSB- ˈlɪzbən -RSB- Lisboa , -LSB- liʒˈβoɐ -RSB- ) is the capital and the largest city of Portugal , with a population of 552,700 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km ² . Its urban area extends beyond the city 's administrative limits with a population of around 2.7 million people , being the 11th-most populous urban area in the European Union . About 2.8 million people live in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area ( which represents approximately 27 % of the country 's population ) . It is continental Europe 's westernmost capital city and the only one along the Atlantic coast . Lisbon lies in the western Iberian Peninsula on the Atlantic Ocean and the River Tagus . The westernmost areas of its metro area is the westernmost point of Continental Europe . Lisbon is recognised as a global city because of its importance in finance , commerce , media , entertainment , arts , international trade , education and tourism . It is one of the major economic centres on the continent , with a growing financial sector and one of the largest container ports on Europe 's Atlantic coast . Humberto Delgado Airport serves over 20 million passengers annually , as of 2015 , and the motorway network and the high-speed rail system of Alfa Pendular link the main cities of Portugal . The city is the 7th-most-visited city in Southern Europe , after Istanbul , Rome , Barcelona , Madrid , Athens and Milan , with 1,740,000 tourists in 2009 . The Lisbon region contributes with a higher GDP PPP per capita than any other region in Portugal . It 's GDP amounts to 96.3 billion USD and thus $ 32,434 per capita , 40 % higher than the average European Union 's GDP per capita . The city occupies 32nd place of highest gross earnings in the world . Most of the headquarters of multinationals in the country are located in the Lisbon area . It is also the political centre of the country , as its seat of Government and residence of the Head of State . Lisbon is one of the oldest cities in the world , and the oldest in Western Europe , predating other modern European capitals such as London , Paris and Rome by centuries . Julius Caesar made it a municipium called Felicitas Julia , adding to the name Olissipo . Ruled by a series of Germanic tribes from the 5th century , it was captured by the Moors in the 8th century . In 1147 , the Crusaders under Afonso Henriques reconquered the city and since then it has been a major political , economic and cultural centre of Portugal . Unlike most capital cities , Lisbon 's status as the capital of Portugal has never been granted or confirmed officially -- by statute or in written form . Its position as the capital has formed through constitutional convention , making its position as de facto capital a part of the Constitution of Portugal . Lisbon enjoys a Mediterranean climate . It has one of the warmest winters of any metropolis in Europe , with average temperatures 15 ° C during the day and 8 ° C at night from December to February . The typical summer season lasts about four months , from June to September , although also in April temperatures sometimes reach around 25 ° C.", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "0342c6eeb0824b424c7389ef54c6381d", "text": "Santa Clara (Lisbon) Santa Clara ( English : Saint Claire ) is a Portuguese parish , located in the municipality of Lisbon . This new parish was created with the 2012 Administrative Reform of Lisbon , merging the former Charneca and Ameixoeira parishes . The population in 2011 was 22,480 , in an area of 3.36 km ² .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d78dcdcb7b9de5f899211c801fd16a54", "text": "São Vicente (Lisbon) São Vicente ( English : Saint Vincent ) is a Portuguese parish , located in the municipality of Lisbon . This new parish was created with the 2012 Administrative Reform of Lisbon , merging the former parishes of São Vicente de Fora , Graça and Santa Engrácia . The population in 2011 was 15,339 , in an area of 1.99 km ² .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18aa8adab2256abdb31b248ee79cbbbc", "text": "Algés (Oeiras) Algés ( -LSB- aɫˈʒɛʃ -RSB- ) is a former civil parish in the municipality of Oeiras , in Lisbon metropolitan area , Portugal . In 2013 , the parish merged into the new parish Algés , Linda-a-Velha e Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo . The population in 2011 was 22,273 , in an area of 1.98 km ² . The parish is located near the Tagus river , between the town of Oeiras and the capital city of Lisbon . It is also a part of the Greater Lisbon Area . It is mostly a residential suburb . Algés was elevated to a town on August 16 , 1991 and the parish was officially created on June 11 , 1993 after separating from the parish of Carnaxide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "efa35d3958e26eb69d55c1aba95b223f", "text": "Demographics of France The demography of France is monitored by the Institut national d'études démographiques ( INED ) and the Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques ( INSEE ) . As of the 1 January 2017 , almost 67 million people lived in the French Republic ( 66,991,000 ) , including all the five overseas departments ( 2,132,000 ) , but excluding the overseas collectivities and territories ( 604,000 ) . 64,859,000 of these lived in Metropolitan France , the part of France located in Europe . In March 2017 the population of France officially reached the 67 million mark . The 66 million mark was reached in the beginning of 2014 . Between the years 2010 and 2017 the population of France grew from 64,613 million to 66,991 million or with about 2,4 million people for a span of 7 years , making France one of the fastest growing countries in Europe . The population of France is growing with 1 million people every 3 years . For an average annual growth of 340,000 people , or a grow rate of +0,6 % . France was historically Europe 's most populous nation . During the Middle Ages , more than one quarter of Europe 's total population was French ; by the 17th century , this had decreased slightly to one fifth . By the beginning of the 20th century , other European nations , such as Germany and Russia , had caught up with and overtaken it . However , the country 's population sharply increased with the baby boom following World War II . According to INSEE , since 2004 , 200,000 immigrants entered annually into the country . One out of two was born in Europe and one in three in Africa . Between 2009 and 2012 , the number of Europeans entering France increased sharply ( + 12 % per year on average ) . The national birth rate , after dropping for a time , began to rebound in the 1990s and currently the country 's fertility rate is close to the replacement level . According to a 2006 INSEE study , `` The natural increase is close to 300,000 people , a level that has not been reached in more than thirty years . '' Among the 802,000 newborns in metropolitan France in 2010 , 80.1 % had two French parents , 13.3 % had one French parent , and 6.6 % had two non-French parents . For the same year , 27.3 % of newborns in metropolitan France had at least one foreign-born parent and 23.9 % had at least one parent born outside of Europe ( parents born in overseas territories are considered as born in France ) . Between 2006 and 2008 , about 40 % of newborns in France had one foreign-born grandparent ( 11 % born in another European country , 16 % born in the Maghreb and 12 % born in another region of the world ) . Racial and ethnic censuses have been banned by the French government since 1978 , since the term `` race '' in France invokes associations with Nazi Germany .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b225db526c30ff3c8a28654ede8781c6", "text": "Póvoa de Varzim Póvoa de Varzim ( -LSB- ˈpɔvwɐ ðɨ vɐɾˈzĩ -RSB- , locally -LSB- -LSB- ˈpɔβwə ðɨ βəɾˈzĩŋ -RSB- -RSB- ) , also spelled Povoa de Varzim , is a Portuguese city in Northern Portugal and sub-region of Greater Porto . It sits in a sandy coastal plain , a cuspate foreland , halfway between the Minho and Douro rivers . The population of the municipality was 63,408 at the time of the 2011 census . According to the 2001 census , there were 63,470 inhabitants , with 42,396 living in the city proper . The city expanded , southwards , to Vila do Conde , and there are about 100,000 inhabitants in the urban area alone . It is the seventh-largest urban agglomeration in Portugal and the third largest in Northern Portugal . Permanent settlement in Póvoa de Varzim dates back to around four to six thousand years ago ; around 900 BC , unrest in the region led to the establishment of Cividade de Terroso , a fortified city , which developed maritime trade routes with the civilizations of classical antiquity . Modern Póvoa de Varzim emerged after the conquest by the Roman Republic of the city by 138 BC , fishing and fish processing units soon developed , which turned out to be the foundations of the local economy . By the 11th century , the fish industry and fertile farmlands were the economic base of a feudal lordship and Varzim was fiercely disputed between the local overlords and the early Portuguese kings , which resulted in the establishment of the present day 's municipality in 1308 and being subdued to monastic power some years later . Póvoa de Varzim 's importance reemerged with the Age of Discovery due to its shipbuilders and merchants proficiency and wealth , who traded around the globe in complex trade routes . By the 17th century , the fish processing industry rebounded and , some time later , Póvoa became the dominant fishing port in northern Portugal . Póvoa de Varzim has been a well-known beach resort for over three centuries , the most popular in Northern Portugal , which unfolded an influential literary culture and historical artistic patronage in music and theater . Casino da Póvoa is one of the few and prominent gambling venues in Portugal . Leisure and health benefits provided in large sandy beaches attracts national and international visitors . Póvoa de Varzim holds other landmarks , especially the traditional Junqueira shopping street , Garrett Theatre , the Ethnography and History Museum , Cividade de Terroso , the Medieval Rates Monastery , Baroque Matriz Church , city Hall and Portuguese vernacular architecture in Praça do Almada , and numerous Portuguese cuisine restaurants that make Póvoa de Varzim popular in all Northern Portugal , which started to attract an international following . Farol da Lapa , Farol de Regufe , the main breakwater of the Port of Póvoa de Varzim , Carvalhido and São Félix Hill are preferred for sightseeing . The city has significant textile and food industries . The town has retained a distinct cultural identity and ancient customs such as the writing system of siglas poveiras , the masseira farming technique and festivals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cde5ee9a76448d17f7cdd25f07aa1ec3", "text": "O Independente O Independente ( Portuguese for The Independent ) was a Portuguese weekly newspaper published in Lisbon , Portugal , between 1988 and 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "60e33232c8185c68a8d18156a03ab0f0", "text": "Francisco Louçã Francisco Anacleto Louçã ( -LSB- fɾɐ̃ˈsiʃku loˈsɐ̃ -RSB- ; born 12 November 1956 in Lisbon ) is a Portuguese economist , politician and pundit .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09a7001b4b5533dac11ee9ae16fed9bb", "text": "Lapa (Lisbon) Lapa is a former parish ( freguesia ) in the municipality of Lisbon , Portugal . It has a total area of 0.72 km ² and total population of 8,671 inhabitants ( 2001 ) ; density : 12,026.4 hab/km ² . At the administrative reorganization of Lisbon on 8 December 2012 it became part of the parish Estrela . It was created on February 11 , 1770 , by the Cardinal patriarch of Lisbon Francisco de Saldanha da Gama . This parish of Lisbon concentrates a large number of embassies of foreign countries in Portugal , in particular , Austria , Bulgaria , Canada , China , Finland , Indonesia , Ireland , Luxembourg , Sovereign Military Order of Malta , Netherlands , Romania , Sweden , Switzerland and United Kingdom . It is also the site of the Assembly of the Republic and the official residence of the Prime Minister of Portugal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b4184df6fd593d8ef053a96aad73228", "text": "Viana do Castelo District The Viana do Castelo District ( -LSB- viˈɐnɐ ðu kɐʃˈtɛlu -RSB- , Distrito de Viana do Castelo ) is a district located in the northwest of Portugal , bordered by Spain from the north and Braga District from the south . It has an area of 2,255 km ² and a population of 252,011 ( 2006 ) , for a density of 111.8 inhabitants/km ² . The district capital is the city of Viana do Castelo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62fdad669d60acd2728f51bb560e38c9", "text": "Portuguese Army The Portuguese Army ( Exército Português ) is the land component of the Armed Forces of Portugal and is also its largest branch . It is charged with the defence of Portugal , in co-operation with other branches of the Armed Forces . It is one of the oldest armies in the world , with its origins going back to the 12th century . The Portuguese Army is commanded by the Chief of Staff of the Army ( CEME ) , a subordinate of the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces for the operational matters and a direct subordinate of the Ministry of National Defense for all other matters . The CEME is the only officer in the Army with the rank of General ( Four-star rank ) . Presently , the Portuguese Army is an entirely professional force made of career personnel ( officers and NCOs ) and of volunteer personnel ( officers , NCOs and enlisted ranks ) . Until the early 1990s , conscripts constituted the bulk of the Army personnel , with a cadre of career officers and NCOs responsible for their training . Conscription was however gradually reduced since the middle 1990s , until being finally formally abolished in 2004 . As 2014 , the Portuguese Army employed 5,667 career personnel and 10,444 volunteers , this representing a total of 16,111 military personnel . Of the total military personnel , 2,669 were officers , 3,917 were NCOs and 9,595 were other ranks . Further , the Army also included 1,897 civilian employees .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "989bf0f9c335360e8042f15224bfba1c", "text": "Alto Alentejo (intermunicipal community) The Comunidade Intermunicipal do Alto Alentejo ( English : High Alentejo ) is an administrative division in Portugal . It was created in 2009 . The seat of the intermunicipal community is Portalegre . Alto Alentejo is coterminous with the former Portalegre District . The population in 2011 was 118,506 , in an area of 6,084.34 km ² . Together with Alentejo Central it covers the area of the former Alto Alentejo Province . With Ponte de Sor the intermunicipal community also includes one municipality that lies in the area of the former Ribatejo Province . Alto Alentejo is also a NUTS3 subregion of Alentejo Region , in Portugal . The subregion Alto Alentejo covers the same area as the intermunicipal community , but including the municipality Mora ( Alentejo Central intermunicipal community ) , and excluding the municipality Sousel . As of 2011 , the subregion had a population of 118,410 and a total area of 6,249 km ² .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48b8235ef719387cd0d6cce339a29679", "text": "Siege of Lisbon (1384) The Siege of Lisbon was a siege of the city of Lisbon from 29 May to 3 September 1384 , between the Portuguese defenders of the city led by John I of Portugal and the Castillian army led by King John I of Castile . The siege ended in a disaster for Castile . A plague outbreak together with the constant attacks by Portuguese forces led by Nuno Álvares Pereira caused huge casualties among the Castilian ranks , who were forced to retreat four months after the start of the siege .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2ef63c5309ecba070dcadc6385a096e", "text": "Assembly of the Republic (Portugal) The Assembly of the Republic ( Portuguese : Assembleia da República , -LSB- ɐsẽˈblɐjɐ dɐ ʁɛˈpublikɐ -RSB- ) is the Portuguese parliament . According to the Portuguese Constitution , the unicameral Assembly `` is the representative assembly of all Portuguese citizens . '' The constitution names the assembly as one of the country 's organs of supreme authority . It is located in a historical building in Lisbon , referred to as Palácio de São Bento ( Palace of Saint Benedict ) , the site of an old Benedictine monastery . The Palácio de São Bento has been the seat of the Portuguese parliaments since 1834 ( Cortes until 1910 , Congress from 1911 to 1926 and National Assembly from 1933 to 1974 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e925fc8dffbbf2251d14b95f4e11ca99", "text": "Soure, Portugal Soure ( -LSB- ˈsowɾ -RSB- ) is a town and municipality of the Coimbra District , in Portugal . The population in 2011 was 19,245 , in an area of 265.06 km ² . It has a castle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b46f73307aed536b19f02088e1fe675", "text": "List of governors of Portuguese India The government of Portuguese India started in 1505 , six years after the discovery of the sea route to India by Vasco da Gama , with the nomination of the first Viceroy Francisco de Almeida , then settled at Kochi . Until 1752 , the name `` India '' included all Portuguese possessions in the Indian Ocean , from southern Africa to Southeast Asia , governed - either by a Viceroy or Governor - from its headquarters , established in Goa since 1510 . In 1752 Portuguese Mozambique got its own government and in 1844 the Portuguese Government of India stopped administering the territory of Portuguese Macau , Solor and Portuguese Timor , seeing itself thus confined to a reduced territorial entity in Malabar : Goa , Daman , Diu , Dadra and Nagar Haveli . Portuguese control ceased in the last two enclaves in 1954 , and finally ceased in the remaining three pockets in 1961 , when they were occupied by the Republic of India ( although Portugal only recognized the occupation after the Carnation Revolution in 1974 ) . This ended four and a half centuries of Portuguese rule in parts -- thought tiny -- of India . It may be noted that during the term of the monarchy , the title of the head of the Portuguese government in India ranged from `` Governor '' to `` Viceroy '' . The title of viceroy would only be assigned to members of the nobility ; It was formally terminated in 1774 , although it has later been given sporadically to be decisively ended after 1835 ) , as shown below .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7aa340efd70c464bfea0f975e38dff7c", "text": "João Pessoa, Paraíba João Pessoa ( -LSB- ʒʊˈɐ̃w peˈsoɐ -RSB- ) is the capital of the state of Paraíba in Brazil . It was founded in 1585 and it is also known as the city where the sun rises first , because it is the easternmost city in the Americas at 34 ° 47 ′ 38 ″ W , 7 ° 9 ′ 28 ″ S. Its easternmost point is known as Ponta do Seixas . The city is considered `` the second greenest in the world '' , with more than 7 km2 of forested land , second only to Paris , France . It is the state 's largest city , with an estimated population of 801,718 of inhabitants . Its metropolitan area comprises eight other satellite cities ( Bayeux , Cabedelo , Conde , Lucena , Santa Rita , and others ) , totalling 1,223,000 of inhabitants . The new `` Estação Ciência , Cultura e Artes '' ( Science , Culture and Art Station ) , located at the most eastern point of the Americas ( Ponta das Seixas ) , is both an educational and cultural institution as well as a national landmark . The complex , inaugurated in 2008 , was created by Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer and is one of his last projects .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "713be1f6ba3cc1437df71efea7409f3b", "text": "Euronext Lisbon Euronext Lisbon is a stock exchange in Lisbon , Portugal . It is part of Euronext pan-European exchange . Euronext Lisbon trades equities , public and private bonds , participation bonds , warrants , corporate warrants , investment trust units , and exchange traded funds . The BVL General index is the exchanges official index , and includes all listed shares on the official market . Settlement is T +2 . Derivatives include long-term interest rate futures , three-month Lisbor futures , stock index futures and options on the PSI-20 Stock index , and Portuguese stock futures . Trading hours are 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. , Monday through Friday .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c87c2432349eb97fd88105b0148e9379", "text": "Mota-Engil Mota-Engil is a Portuguese group in the sectors of civil construction , public works , port operations , waste , water , and logistics . The chairman of the board of directors is António Mota and Gonçalo Moura Martins is the company 's CEO . Jorge Coelho has led the group 's Executive Committee from 2008 to 2013 and currently is a consultant in Mota-Engil 's Strategic Advisory Council . The registered office of this business group is in Amarante , the municipality where it was founded . Its head offices are located in Porto and Lisbon . The Mota-Engil Group comprises 228 companies within three major business areas -- Engineering and construction , Environment and Services and Transport concessions -- operating in 21 countries through its branches and subsidiaries , including Mota-Engil Engenharia e Construção , S.A. , Tertir , SUMA , INDAQUA , Manvia , Vibeiras , Ascendi and Martifer . Mota-Engil has comprised the ranking of the 100 biggest European construction companies in 2008 , but currently comprises the ranking of the sector 's 30 biggest European companies and it is the only Portuguese company in the World Top 100 . Mota-Engil SGPS , the group 's holding , is listed in the PSI-20 , the main stock market index of Euronext Lisbon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7259badf80961e177e15c476f387e64a", "text": "Constitutional Court (Portugal) The Constitutional Court ( Tribunal Constitucional , -LSB- tɾibuˈnaɫ kõʃtitusiuˈnaɫ -RSB- ) is a special court , defined by the Portuguese Constitution as part of the judicial branch of the Portuguese political organization . Unlike the rest of the country 's courts , the Constitutional Court has important characteristics , such as a special composition , and unique competences . The main task of the court is to review the constitutionality of the newly approved laws , but it also has important powers related to the President of the Republic , the political parties and referenda . The Portuguese Constitution defines the Constitutional Court as a completely independent organ , that operates independently from the other branches of government , such as the Executive or the Legislative . The judges of the Constitutional Court are independent and can not be impeached . The decisions of the court are above the decisions of any other authority . The court works in Lisbon , in the Ratton Palace located in Bairro Alto .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "547f67718e5b7962d84368dcf3fae020", "text": "Marvão Marvão ( -LSB- mɐɾˈvɐ̃w -RSB- ) is a municipality in Portalegre District in Portugal . The population in 2011 was 3,512 , in an area of 154.90 km ² . The present Mayor is Vitor Martins Frutuoso , elected by the Social Democratic Party . The municipal holiday is September 8 . Perched on a granite crag of the Serra de São Mamede , Marvão 's name is derived from an 8th-century Muladi duke , named Ibn Marwan . Ibn Marwan , who constructed the Castle of Marvão - likely on the site of an earlier Roman watchtower - as a power base when establishing an independent statelet ( `` emirate '' , duchy ) - covering much of modern-day Portugal - during the Emirate of Cordoba ( 884-931 CE ) . The castle and walled village were further fortified through the centuries , notably under Sancho II of Portugal ( 13th century ) and Denis of Portugal . The village has generated significant tourist interest in recent years . It was included in the # 1 New York Times bestselling book , ' 1000 Places to see Before you Die ' . Nobel prize-winning author José Saramago wrote of the village `` From Marvão one can see the entire land ... It is understandable that from this place , high up in the keep at Marvão Castle , visitors may respectfully murmur , ` How great is the world . '' . In the 1950s , author Huldine V. Beamish wrote of Marvão ` There is an atmosphere about the district ( of Marvão ) that is very ancient . At times you have the same peculiar feelings as those evoked by Stonehenge and that amazing druid monument at Callernish in the Isle of Lewis . Picking your way along the steep stony pathways , you would not be at all surprised to meet a Phoenician trader or Roman Soldier . It would be the most natural thing in the world . ' . An annual international classical music festival , under the artistic direction of German conductor Christoph Poppen , was launched in Marvão in July 2014 . The village also hosts an international film festival , Periferías , in August each year . Other annual festivals in Marvão include ` Al-Mossassa ' - a celebration of the town 's Moorish past , held jointly with the Spanish city of Badajoz ( also founded by Ibn Marwan ) - in early October , plus a major Chestnut Festival in early November .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "9ceda834fe52bd82f3aaeffb640f56da", "text": "Ederson Moraes Ederson Santana de Moraes ( born 17 August 1993 ) , known simply as Ederson , is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for English club Manchester City .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "3318a53016f1682633ca118b5b429041", "text": "William Morais William Francis de Oliveira Morais ( 1 March 1991 -- 6 February 2011 ) was a Brazilian footballer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0e171eac20f6b806722e571f4431b7a", "text": "Paulo Sérgio Mota Paulo Sérgio Mota ( born 13 July 1991 ) , known as Paulinho , is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays for S.C. Braga as a right back .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "296c71f62ddb069071539a41cee564cc", "text": "Marcelo Rosa Moura Marques Marcelo Rosa Moura Marques ( born 28 May 1991 ) , known as Marcelo Rosa , is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Villa Nova as a midfielder .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "460a6d9b1bf467a3a0258bc906abe69d", "text": "1991 Men's South American Volleyball Championship The 1991 Men 's South American Volleyball Championship , took place in 1991 in São Paulo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af59aba3cb469b7b599ed9c203d7372a", "text": "Ângelo Pelegrinelli Neto Ângelo Pelegrinelli Neto ( born 2 September 1991 ) is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Moreirense .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53d61809a793e15c2c6576c931f73ee1", "text": "Merrill Noel Merrill `` Bud '' Noel born September 10 , 1991 ) is an American football cornerback who is currently a free agent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "61fc982d45f17fe30ef89d9a8787c6d0", "text": "1991 South American Championships in Athletics The 36th South American Championships in Athletics were held in Manaus , Brazil in late June 1991 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "216e2707838733a7d7bd393d9fc1104d", "text": "Robson dos Santos Fernandes Robson dos Santos Fernandes , better known as Robson ( Campinas , 30 May 1991 ) , is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a forward . Currently plays for Paraná .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66867f133fc399e2190854eef9638ba0", "text": "João Lucas Cardoso João Lucas Cardoso ( born June 8 , 1991 in Bela Vista do Paraíso ) is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Novorizotino as left back .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef21cc6a8794beccc7c958ec4674d769", "text": "Ednet Luís De Oliveira Dinei , full name Ednet Luís De Oliveira ( born February 14 , 1981 ) is a Brazilian footballer who as of 2009 is a free agent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a091ded5168b713d087237ec3e9d01f", "text": "Édson Rivera Édson Ulises Rivera Vargas ( born 4 November 1991 in Guadalajara ) is a Mexican professional footballer who plays as a striker for Santos Laguna in the Liga MX .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f01475e44f69a7b354ba526b9ee4a643", "text": "Luis Andrés Moreira Luis Andrés Moreira Mora ( born June 20 , 1996 ) is a professional Ecuadorian footballer . He was born in Guayas and currently plays for Celaya F.C.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ca2045f06b5136992f351f9b40032bb", "text": "Sebastian Evers Sebastian Evers ( born January 2 , 1991 ) is an American soccer player .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00c3d40a590a8b03129fc6af0449df24", "text": "Edwin Salazar Edwin Ernesto Salazar Ruiz ( born 6 August 1991 ) is a Colombian footballer who plays as a forward for Veikkausliiga side PS Kemi on loan from Orsomarso .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50d95a31b38c3e4d54193f42dc4d7066", "text": "1991 Cleveland Indians season", "title": "" }, { "docid": "efa6d03f23fadaca78615e83649fae76", "text": "Luis Gustavo Melere da Silva Luis Gustavo Melere da Silva ( born 10 March 1991 ) is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Al-Faisaly .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c38f0194ea0ba372ac0251a7d27b9c5", "text": "Juan José Navarro Guerra Juan José Navarro Guerra ( born 8 March 1991 ) is a Spanish footballer who plays for SD Ejea as a central midfielder .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d079c7179cbfae66b3f7e36b449abd09", "text": "Ed Soares Ed Soares is an American of Brazilian descent born in Redondo Beach , California to Brazilian parents . He is known for being the manager of a number of Brazilian Mixed martial arts fighters , including Anderson Silva , Antônio Rodrigo Nogueira , José Aldo and Lyoto Machida .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d111dbc90021f1e389414e092f71b6b", "text": "Jorge Valencia Jorge Valencia ( born April 6 , 1991 in Querétaro ) is a Mexican footballer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dbe17fa67e613e97d437e71268d0fd49", "text": "Francis Moraes Francis Moraes ( born February 10 , 1964 , Santa Rosa , California ) , whose online pseudonym is Dr. H , is an American writer , author of three opiate-related non-fiction books and hundreds of articles . Moraes trained as a research physicist and chemist and attained a PhD in physics . He became interested in the heroin subculture in Portland , Oregon -- the number two most vibrant heroin city in the United States , at that time ( according to DEA statistics ) . After that , he expanded his perspective , spending numerous years studying the heroin subcultures in New York City , Seattle , and the San Francisco Bay area . Francis Moraes has been a notable part of the harm reduction movement , particularly as it relates to heroin and other opioids . He writes from this perspective with the stated intent of neither demonizing nor glorifying opioids , aiming only to provide drug users , scholars , and other curious readers alike an objective perspective on the issue . His work is generally considered neutral in content and calm in tone , but he has his detractors who point out biases and inconsistency . Moraes differs from other authors in stressing the comparatively minor effects of opioid use and the profound pain associated with opioid withdrawal . Heroin in particular , is commonly considered an extremely potent euphoric ; Moraes stresses that the euphoria of heroin is actually rather subtle and very often overwhelmed by the nausea that is also produced by the drug . Moraes also counters common descriptions of the withdrawal that opioid addicts experience when they stop using . Many authors compare opioid withdrawal to a bad flu ; Moraes counters this idea -- particularly in his later work where he stresses the importance of a dysfunctional endorphin system on the management of pain ( e.g. Little Book of Opium ) . Currently , Francis Moraes continues to write for Heroin Helper and is in the process of publishing the second edition of Heroin User 's Handbook with his new company Frankly Curious Media . Most of his writing now centers on grammar , books , and philosophy and can be found at Frankly Curious . He generally uses the first name `` Frank '' for his non-drug related writing .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "7446497c63b64abfc2cb50f330edc6c4", "text": "The Silence of the Lambs (film) The Silence of the Lambs is a 1991 American horror-thriller film directed by Jonathan Demme and starring Jodie Foster , Anthony Hopkins , and Scott Glenn . Adapted by Ted Tally from the 1988 novel of the same name by Thomas Harris , his second to feature the character of Dr. Hannibal Lecter ; a brilliant psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer , the film was the second adaptation of a Harris novel featuring Lecter , preceded by the Michael Mann-directed Manhunter in 1986 . In the film , Clarice Starling , a young U.S. FBI trainee , seeks the advice of the imprisoned Dr. Lecter to apprehend another serial killer , known only as `` Buffalo Bill '' . The Silence of the Lambs was released on February 14 , 1991 , and grossed $ 272.7 million worldwide against its $ 19 million budget . It was only the third film , the other two being It Happened One Night and One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest , to win Academy Awards in all the top five categories : Best Picture , Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Director , and Adapted Screenplay . It is also the first ( and so far only ) Best Picture winner widely considered to be a horror film , and only the third such film to be nominated in the category , after The Exorcist in 1973 and Jaws in 1975 . The film is considered `` culturally , historically or aesthetically '' significant by the U.S. Library of Congress and was selected to be preserved in the National Film Registry in 2011 . A sequel titled Hannibal was released in 2001 with Hopkins reprising his role , followed by two prequels : Red Dragon ( 2002 ) and Hannibal Rising ( 2007 ) .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "cd8b8c3324af12a995458fab9fc356b4", "text": "Phememe A phememe ( from Ancient Greek φημί -RSB- -RSB- ` I speak , say ' ) is a hypothesized speech sound with an abstract -LSB- -LSB- gesture meaning , proposed by the linguist Mary LeCron Foster . ( The term phememe appeared earlier in the works of Leonard Bloomfield , who defined it as a `` smallest and meaningless unit of linguistic signaling '' -- either a phoneme or a taxeme . ) According to Foster , phememes were the fundamental building block of the earliest human spoken language ( Primordial Language ) , as opposed to the phonemes of attested languages , contemporary or historical . The phememe concept is thus important in the debate regarding the gestural origin of speech . By way of an example , the sound -LSB- m -RSB- , as a meaningful oral gesture , is understood as pointing to `` two opposed surfaces in tapering , pressing together , holding together , crushing , or resting against '' . Reflexes of this primordial -LSB- m -RSB- , and its original meaning , are found in ostensibly unrelated present-day languages in words referring to the mouth , the female genitals , and semantic extensions of these , e.g. Latin mugio ` to moo , bugle ' , mutus ` mute ' , mucus ` mucous ' , Japanese mugon ` silence , muteness ' , Dravidian muka - ` face , mouth ' , Piro ( Arawak ) musi - ` to be pregnant , impregnate ' . According to her most recent published work , Foster proposes that the phememic system of primordial spoken language consisted of the following phememes . The philosopher Maxine Sheets-Johnstone makes extensive use of Foster 's concept of the phememe in arguing iconicity to be the foundation of the symbolic process . Earl R. Anderson points put that the phememe is thus an elaboration of earlier theories postulating a role for oral gesture in the origin of spoken language , such as those of the naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace and the anthropologist Edward Burnett Tylor , who called his method generative philology . An implication of the phememe hypothesis is that Primordial Language lacked double articulation , which the American linguist Charles F. Hockett proposed as a central design feature of human language . According to this principle , linguistic signs are made up of building blocks , such as phonemes , which are themselves meaningless , e.g. cat is composed of the phonemes / k / , / æ / and / t / . Phememes came to be desemanticized and replaced by meaningless phonemes in later evolution . The anthropologist Gordon Hewes proposes that this shift was motivated by the advantages phonemes entail in rapid word retrieval .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fadf8ad5e972d57cf69d732f885c6669", "text": "The Quiet One (film) The Quiet One is a 1948 American documentary film directed by Sidney Meyers . The documentary chronicles the rehabilitation of a young , emotionally disturbed African-American boy ; it contains a commentary written by James Agee , and narrated by Gary Merrill . In his 1949 review , Bosley Crowther characterized the film succinctly : The still photographer Helen Levitt was one of the film 's cinematographers and writers , along with the painter Janice Loeb . The neoclassical composer Ulysses Kay wrote the score for the film . The film 's principle cinematographer , Richard Bagley , also photographed the critically acclaimed New York semidocumentary feature On the Bowery . The film 's three writers - Meyers , Loeb , and Levitt - were nominated for the Best Writing , Story and Screenplay Academy Award ; the film itself was also nominated for the Best Documentary Feature Academy Award . The National Board of Review named The Quiet One the second best film of 1949 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e700a9680540bc1e0014e24e0e0d274", "text": "Hollywood blacklist The Hollywood blacklist -- as the broader entertainment industry blacklist is generally known -- was the practice of denying employment to screenwriters , actors , directors , musicians , and other American entertainment professionals during the mid-20th century because they were accused of having Communist ties or sympathies . Artists were barred from work on the basis of their alleged membership in or sympathy with the Communist Party USA or refusal to assist investigations into the party 's activities . Even during the period of its strictest enforcement , the late 1940s through the late 1950s , the blacklist was rarely made explicit or verifiable , but it directly damaged the careers of scores of individuals working in the film industry . The first systematic Hollywood blacklist was instituted on November 25 , 1947 , the day after ten writers and directors were cited for contempt of Congress for refusing to testify to the House Un-American Activities Committee . A group of studio executives , acting under the aegis of the Association of Motion Picture Producers , fired the artists -- the so-called Hollywood Ten -- and made what has become known as the Waldorf Statement . On June 22 , 1950 , a pamphlet entitled Red Channels was published . Focused on the field of broadcasting , it identified 151 entertainment industry professionals in the context of `` Red Fascists and their sympathizers . '' Soon , most of those named , along with a host of other artists , were barred from employment in most of the entertainment field . The blacklist lasted until 1960 , when Dalton Trumbo , a Communist Party member from 1943 to 1948 and member of the Hollywood Ten , was credited as the screenwriter of the highly successful film Exodus , and later publicly acknowledged by actor Kirk Douglas for writing the screenplay for the movie Spartacus . A number of those blacklisted , however , were still barred from work in their professions for years afterward .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce37dbcc323b056860ac87e7f3c05e02", "text": "Orion Pictures Orion Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture producer and distributor that produced and released films from 1978 until 1999 , and was also involved in television production and syndication throughout the 1980s until the early 1990s . It was formed in 1978 as a joint venture between Warner Bros. and three former top-level executives of United Artists . Although it was never a large motion picture producer , Orion achieved a comparatively high reputation for Hollywood quality . Woody Allen , James Cameron , Jonathan Demme , Oliver Stone , and several other prominent directors worked with Orion during its most successful years from 1978 to 1992 . Of the films distributed by Orion , four won Academy Awards for Best Picture : Amadeus ( 1984 ) , Platoon ( 1986 ) , Dances with Wolves ( 1990 ) , and The Silence of the Lambs ( 1991 ) . Two other Orion films , Hannah and Her Sisters ( 1986 ) and Mississippi Burning ( 1988 ) , were nominated for that same category . In 2013 , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer revived the Orion name for television ; a year later Orion Pictures was quietly relaunched by the studio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8647b2eb8a26e412ed44ffe47fcb933d", "text": "Alien (film) Alien is a 1979 British-American science-fiction horror film directed by Ridley Scott , and starring Sigourney Weaver , Tom Skerritt , Veronica Cartwright , Harry Dean Stanton , John Hurt , Ian Holm and Yaphet Kotto . The film 's title refers to a highly aggressive extraterrestrial creature that stalks and kills the crew of a spaceship . Dan O'Bannon wrote the screenplay from a story he wrote with Ronald Shusett , drawing influence from previous works of science fiction and horror . The film was produced by Gordon Carroll , David Giler and Walter Hill through their Brandywine Productions and distributed by 20th Century Fox . Giler and Hill made revisions and additions to the script . Shusett was executive producer . The eponymous Alien and its accompanying elements were designed by Swiss artist H. R. Giger , while concept artists Ron Cobb and Chris Foss designed the human aspects of the film . Alien launched the Alien franchise and is chronologically the first of the main series , with the prequel series set in an earlier timeframe . Alien received both critical acclaim and box office success , receiving an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects , Saturn Awards for Best Science Fiction Film , Best Direction for Scott , and Best Supporting Actress for Cartwright , and a Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation , along with numerous other award nominations . It has remained highly praised in subsequent decades , being considered one of the greatest films of all time . In 2002 , the film was deemed `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' by the Library of Congress and was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry . In 2008 , it was ranked as the seventh-best film in the science fiction genre by the American Film Institute , and as the 33rd greatest film of all time by Empire magazine . The success of Alien spawned a media franchise of novels , comic books , video games , and toys . It also launched Weaver 's acting career by providing her with her first lead role , and the story of her character Ellen Ripley 's encounters with the Alien creatures became the thematic thread that ran through the sequels Aliens ( 1986 ) , Alien 3 ( 1992 ) and Alien : Resurrection ( 1997 ) . , a crossover with the Predator franchise produced the Alien vs. Predator series , which includes Alien vs. Predator ( 2004 ) and Aliens vs. Predator : Requiem ( 2007 ) , and also a prequel series of films , which includes Prometheus ( 2012 ) and Alien : Covenant ( 2017 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a81f11b1ec1e3506e79e50555809066", "text": "Under the Domim Tree Under the Domim Tree ( -LSB- עץ הדומים תפוס , Etz Hadomim Tafus -RSB- ) is a 1994 Israeli film based on the 1992 book of the same name by Gila Almagor . The film was directed by Eli Cohen , and screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1995 Cannes Film Festival . Both the book and the film are sequels to Almagor 's 1985 autobiographical book , Summer of Aviya , about the protagonist 's childhood in the 1950s in Israel . Under the Domim Tree tells of Aviya 's years in the Oudim boarding school and about the relations that are formed between the Israeli-born students and the students who survived the holocaust .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4debceab3c80314b473057b47fa295f7", "text": "Christopher Plummer Arthur Christopher Orme Plummer ( born December 13 , 1929 ) is a Canadian theatre , film and television actor . After making his film debut in Stage Struck ( 1958 ) , Plummer went on to a successful film career , now spanning more than five decades . Some of his most notable film performances include : The Sound of Music ( 1965 ) , Battle of Britain ( 1969 ) , Waterloo ( 1970 ) , The Return of the Pink Panther ( 1975 ) , Murder by Decree ( 1979 ) , Dragnet ( 1987 ) , Star Trek VI : The Undiscovered Country ( 1991 ) , A Beautiful Mind ( 2001 ) , Nicholas Nickleby ( 2002 ) , National Treasure ( 2004 ) , The New World ( 2005 ) , Inside Man ( 2006 ) , Up ( 2009 ) , The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus ( 2009 ) , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( 2011 ) . In a career which includes substantial roles in each of the dramatic arts , Plummer is best known to film audiences as the aristocratic widower , Captain Georg von Trapp , in the musical film The Sound of Music ( 1965 ) , alongside Julie Andrews . Plummer has ventured into various television projects , including the miniseries The Thorn Birds ( 1983 ) . Plummer has notably portrayed several historical figures , including Arthur Wellesley , First Duke of Wellington in Waterloo ( 1970 ) , Rudyard Kipling in The Man Who Would Be King ( 1975 ) , Mike Wallace in The Insider ( 1999 ) , and Leo Tolstoy in The Last Station ( 2009 ) . Plummer has won numerous awards and accolades for his work , including an Academy Award , two Emmy Awards , two Tony Awards , a Golden Globe Award , a SAG Award , and a BAFTA Award . With his win at age 82 in 2012 for Beginners , Plummer is the oldest actor ever to win an Academy Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "764507217f4ce88ea10d490a41a6964d", "text": "The Silence (2010 film) The Silence ( Das letzte Schweigen ) is a 2010 German thriller film directed by Baran bo Odar , after the German crime fiction novel The Silence ( Das Schweigen ) by Jan Costin Wagner .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca22ac7cb718acabc226442ba432625f", "text": "Land of the Blind Land of the Blind is a 2006 British-American black comedy drama film starring Ralph Fiennes , Donald Sutherland , Tom Hollander and Lara Flynn Boyle . Land of the Blind is a dark political satire , based on several incidents throughout history in which tyrannical rulers were overthrown by new leaders who proved to be just as bad , if not worse , and subtle references are made to several such cases . The title is taken from the saying , `` In the land of the blind , the one-eyed man is king . '' Land of the Blind had its world premiere in competition at the International Film Festival Rotterdam , and was the Opening Night Gala film at the 2006 Human Rights Watch Film Festival in London . Its U.S. premiere was in competition at the 2006 Tribeca Film Festival . The film sparked intense reaction during its festival run , attacked by both left and right , each of which saw the film as a critique of its position . Historical references in the film include Jean-Paul Marat ( from the French Revolution ) , Kim Jong-Il , Joseph Stalin , Benito Mussolini , Augusto Pinochet , Anastasio Somoza Debayle , François Duvalier , Rudolph Hess , Jean-Claude Duvalier , Lyndon B. Johnson , Julius Caesar ( from William Shakespeare 's play ) , Robert Mugabe , Ngo Dinh Diem , Idi Amin , the PIRA Maze prison protests , U.S. POWs in Vietnam , the Weathermen terrorist group , the Khmer Rouge , the 1979 Revolution in Iran , and the subsequent Cultural Revolution in that country .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9455b5cda5f107db3151daea31132cdb", "text": "List of works in critical theory This is a list of important and seminal works in the field of critical theory . Otto Maria Carpeaux História da Literatura Ocidental , 8 vol . ( Portuguese , 1959 -- 66 ) M. H. Abrams The Mirror and the Lamp : Romantic Theory and the Critical Tradition Theodor Adorno Aesthetic Theory Negative Dialectics Theodor Adorno & Max Horkheimer Dialectic of Enlightenment Louis Althusser For Marx Lenin and Philosophy Erich Auerbach Mimesis : The Representation of Reality in Western Literature Mikhail Bakhtin Discourse in the Novel Rabelais and his World Roland Barthes Image , Music , Text Mythologies Jean Baudrillard The Perfect Crime Simulation and Simulacra Walter Benjamin Illuminations The Origin of German Tragic Drama Homi K. Bhabha The Location of Culture Pierre Bourdieu La distinction Kenneth Burke A Rhetoric of Motives A Grammar of Motives John Brannigan New Historicism and Cultural Materialism Cleanth Brooks The Well Wrought Urn : Studies in the Structure of Poetry Sean Burke The Death and Return of the Author Judith Butler Bodies That Matter Gender Trouble : Feminism and the Subversion of Identity Cathy Caruth Unclaimed Experience : Trauma , Narrative and History Samuel Taylor Coleridge Biographia Literaria Jonathan Culler Structuralist Poetics The Pursuit of Signs Literary Theory : A Very Short Introduction Gilles Deleuze Difference and Repetition Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari Capitalism and Schizophrenia : Anti-Oedipus ( pt .1 ) and A Thousand Plateaus ( pt .2 ) Jacques Derrida Of Grammatology Writing and Difference Peter Dews The Limits of Disenchantment The Logic of Disintigration Terry Eagleton Marxism and Literary Criticism The Idea of Culture Antony Easthope The Unconscious William Empson Seven Types of Ambiguity Some Versions of Pastoral The Structure of Complex Words Norman Fairclough Language and Power Critical Discourse Analysis Frantz Fanon Black Skins , White Masks Stanley Fish Is There a Text in this Class ? Northrop Frye Anatomy of Criticism Gerald Graff Literature Against Itself Jürgen Habermas Legitimation Crisis The Theory of Communicative Action , volumes 1 & 2 The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity Wolfgang Iser The Act of Reading : a Theory of Aesthetic Response Leonard Jackson The Poverty of Structuralism Fredric Jameson The Political Unconscious Postmodernism , or , the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism The Prison-House of Language Frank Kermode Romantic Image Julia Kristeva Desire in Language Powers of Horror Jacques Lacan Ecrits The Seminars F.R. Leavis The Great Tradition Ania Loomba Colonialism/Postcolonialism Herbert Marcuse Reason and Revolution . Hegel and the Rise of Social Theory Eros and Civilization Soviet Marxism . A Critical Analysis One-Dimensional Man Toril Moi Sexual/Textual Politics I.A. Richards Practical Criticism : A Study of Literary Judgement Principles of Literary Criticism K.K. Ruthven Critical Assumptions Edward Said Culture and Imperialism Orientalism ( 1978 ) Jean-Paul Sartre What Is Literature ? ( 1947 ) Ferdinand de Saussure Cours de linguistique générale ( posthumously 1916 ) Alfred Schmidt The Concept of Nature in Marx ( 1962 ) Zur Idee der Kritischen Theorie ( German , 1974 ) Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick Between Men Epistemology of the Closet Susan Sontag Against Interpretation Styles of Radical Will Under the Sign of Saturn Where The Stress Falls Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak `` Can the Subaltern Speak ? '' In Other Words Raymond Tallis Not Saussure Scott Wilson Cultural Materialism W.K. Wimsatt The Verbal Icon Virginia Woolf A Room of One 's Own Slavoj Žižek The Sublime Object of Ideology The Ticklish Subject : The Absent Centre of Political Ontology ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5d33db3c8be1f71c2573739ade10484", "text": "Hear the Silence Hear the Silence is a 2003 semi-fictional TV drama based on the MMR vaccine controversy , which started when Andrew Wakefield published a paper claiming a possible link between the MMR vaccine and autism . It debuted on December 15 , 2003 at 9 PM on the British network Five . The film , produced at a cost of about 1 million pounds , stars Hugh Bonneville as Wakefield and Juliet Stevenson as Christine Shields , a fictional mother who discovers the possible MMR-autism link when her son is diagnosed as autistic . Stevenson 's character begins telling doctor after doctor that her son seemed to develop autism soon after he received the MMR vaccine , but she does not receive any sympathy from them , nor does she receive any from her boss , or even her husband . However , this all changes when she meets Dr. Wakefield , who believes her statements about the MMR vaccine causing her son 's autism . The film then shows fictional government officials `` plotting '' Wakefield 's `` demise '' , which they intend to bring about by portraying his research as flawed . Although never documented in reality , the film depicts Wakefield being targeted by the government : his phone is tapped and his files are stolen . The film attracted 1.2 million viewers on the first night it screened , considerably fewer than usual for Channel Five 's films that debut at 9 PM , which often get more than 2 million viewers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2e3e67872d8488dbe152790af97e1fe", "text": "Antidote Films For the Australian film distribution company , see Antidote Films ( Australia ) . Antidote Films , also known as Antidote International Films , Inc. , is an independent film production company founded by producer Jeff Levy-Hinte based in the Hudson Square neighborhood of New York City . In 2008 , Antidote completed several documentaries , including Soul Power and The Dungeon Masters , both of which premiered at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival . Antidote produced Roman Polanski : Wanted and Desired , a documentary directed by Marina Zenovich , which was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize and winner of the Documentary Editing Award at the 2008 Sundance Film Festival , the film will be released domestically by HBO and internationally through The Weinstein Company . Prior to this , Antidote produced several narrative films until The Last Winter , when the company shifted its focus to documentary . Other Antidiote productions include the eco-horror thriller The Last Winter ; The Hawk Is Dying , adapted from Harry Crews ' novel and directed by Julian Goldberger ; Mysterious Skin , directed by Greg Araki ; and Thirteen , directed by Catherine Hardwicke . In 2003 Daily Variety announced Antidote 's plans for a film adaptation of the JT LeRoy novel ` Sarah ' , to be directed by Steven Shainberg . According to The New York Times , when Shainberg learned that JT LeRoy was a literary persona and that Laura Albert was the actual author of Sarah , he decided `` to make a ` meta-film , ' a triple-layered movie that would blend the novel with the lives of its real and purported authors in a project he took to calling ` Sarah Plus . ' '' The Times also reported that this new project `` required the rights to Laura Albert 's story , rights that she in no uncertain terms refused to grant . '' In June 2007 Antidote sued Albert for fraud , claiming that a contract signed with JT LeRoy to make a feature film of Sarah was null and void . After a Manhattan jury found Albert liable in monetary damages for the tort of fraud because she had signed her nom de plume to the movie contract , The New York Times noted that Jeffrey Levy-Hinte said , `` if Ms. Albert , who never made a fortune from her literary works , could not afford to pay the judgment , he might have to consider laying claim to the rights to her past and future books . '' Levy-Hinte 's chief lawyer insisted , `` Neither Jeff nor I want to ruin Laura Albert . We just want her to behave with a little more integrity . '' After an appeal , the damages awarded were reduced by settlement with Antidote in 2009 , and Laura Albert retained the rights to her books and her life story .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bf1784ed8692cc632b5e5eec87b6423d", "text": "Pierre David Pierre David ( born May 17 , 1944 ) is a Canadian film producer and film financier . David is best known for executive-producing iconic films directed by David Cronenberg , such as Scanners , Videodrome , and The Brood . He is also credited as `` production executive '' on the Academy Award-winning film Platoon , directed by Oliver Stone . He has since produced dozens of independent films , mainly in the thriller genre , and is still actively producing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "abe906c9ea3dcfc40f57a972049224b5", "text": "Lamb (2015 American film) Lamb is an American drama film , written and directed by Ross Partridge . The film was adapted by the novel of the same name , by Bonnie Nadzam . The film stars Ross Partridge , Oona Laurence , Jess Weixler and Tom Bower . The film had its world premiere at the SXSW film festival on March 14 , 2015 . The film was released in a limited release on January 8 , 2016 , before being released through video on demand on January 12 , 2016 by The Orchard .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac266bc8a1c71a7b9a42f4f2b8f2482a", "text": "Muriel Box Muriel Box ( 22 September 1905 -- 18 May 1991 ) was an Oscar-winning English screenwriter and director . She was born Violette Muriel Baker in Tolworth , Surrey , England in 1905 . When her attempts at acting and dancing proved to be unsuccessful , she accepted work as a continuity girl for British International Pictures . In 1935 , she met and married journalist Sydney Box , with whom she collaborated on nearly forty plays with mainly female roles for amateur theatre groups . Their production company , Verity Films , first released short propaganda films , including The English Inn ( 1941 ) , her first directing effort , after which it branched into fiction . The couple achieved their greatest joint success with The Seventh Veil ( 1945 ) for which they gained the Academy Award for Best Writing , Original Screenplay in the following year . After the war , the Rank Organisation hired her husband to head Gainsborough Pictures , where she was in charge of the scenario department , writing scripts for a number of light comedies , including two for child star Petula Clark , Easy Money and Here Come the Huggetts ( both 1948 ) . She occasionally assisted as a dialogue director , or re-shot scenes during post-production . Her extensive work on The Lost People ( 1949 ) gained her a credit as co-director , her first for a full-length feature . In 1951 , her husband created London Independent Producers , allowing Box more opportunities to direct . Many of her early films were adaptations of plays , and as such had a stage-bound feel , since she rarely shot on location . They were noteworthy more for their strong performances than they were for a distinctive directorial style . She favoured scripts with topical and frequently controversial themes , including Irish politics , teenage sex , abortion , illegitimacy , and syphilis , and several of her films were banned by local authorities . She pursued her favorite subject -- the female experience -- in a number of films , including Street Corner ( 1953 ) about women police officers , Somerset Maugham 's The Beachcomber ( 1954 ) , with Donald Sinden and Glynis Johns as a resourceful missionary , again working with Donald Sinden on Eyewitness ( 1956 ) and a series of comedies about the battle of the sexes , including The Passionate Stranger ( 1957 ) , The Truth About Women ( 1958 ) and her final film , Rattle of a Simple Man ( 1964 ) . Box often experienced prejudice in a male-dominated industry , especially hurtful when perpetrated by another female . In 1950 , Jean Simmons had her replaced on So Long at the Fair , and Kay Kendall unsuccessfully attempted to do the same with Simon and Laura ( 1955 ) . Many producers questioned her competence to direct large-scale feature films , and while the press was quick to note her position as one of very few women directors in the British film industry , their tone tended to be condescending rather than filled with praise . She left film-making to write novels and created a successful publishing house , Femina , which proved to be a rewarding outlet for her feminism . She divorced Sydney Box in 1969 . The following year , she married Gerald Gardiner , who had been Lord Chancellor . She died in Hendon , London in 1991 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c062ce5d527d8181abffa8183e35a2a", "text": "David A. Goldsmith David A. Goldsmith lives and works in the UK and Italy . His career in television spans the vast technological changes : from film to videotape ; from black & white to colour ; from terrestrial to satellite ; from the UK 's three national networks to the plethora of channels today ; from analogue to digital ; from 405 lines to High Definition . He moved through the ranks : from a Programme Assistant in educational television to a presenter of Ready Steady Go ! ; from film Location Manager at the newly formed Yorkshire TV to Programme Director ; from drama to current affairs ; from making documentaries in ITV to directing at ITN where he won a BAFTA award covering the 1980 Iranian Embassy Siege . Other experiences include : teaching at the then London College of Printing , TV production for the Metropolitan Police , directing the pan-European satellite experiment , setting up the BBC 's school of TV Journalism in Bucharest , starting the RGB news production Partnership , and as a Vice President at ScanSat Broadcasting launching its news department . In 1993 he acted as an advisor to a start up television company in Hungary . Assisted in the production of a documentary about the British television industry . His documentaries mainly in the field of human rights range : from the 1964 civil rights campaign in Mississippi to Amnesty International 's concern about the state of human rights in Mexico ; from following the Six-Day War in Jerusalem to the role of policewomen under the Equal Opportunities Act ; from World War I Old Contemptibles in Flanders to Hells Angels in Great Britain . His enthusiasm for the documentary led to his book The Documentary Makers published by RotoVision . Since 2006 he has been developing a film project to be shot in Venezuela .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e696158276dba517540f0d21ce44294", "text": "Ron Bozman Ron Bozman is an American film producer who won an Academy Award for Best Picture in 1991 for the film The Silence of the Lambs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88a8acdf0629157c61c273a5c7fe45c2", "text": "Noël Coward Society The Noël Coward Society is an international society founded with the agreement of Coward 's literary agent and Estate to celebrate the life and work of Sir Noël Coward . The Noël Coward Society was founded in 1999 to study and promote and enjoy the many aspects of Cowards achievements . It owns an extensive archive of recordings and written works and is attempting to become the official on-line archive of all things `` Coward '' . The Noël Coward Society is managed by Noël Coward Ltd. , a charitable company . It is currently administered from Norwich , Norfolk , UK , and has a membership of just over 700 people worldwide . The day-to-day running of the Society is managed by an organising committee . The Society has representatives in France , Australia and the USA . Each year it celebrates the birth of Noël Coward at the Noël Coward Theatre and the Theatre Royal , Drury Lane on the nearest Friday to his birthdate . The celebration consists of the AGM of the Society at the Noël Coward Theatre followed by a celebrity from the theatre world laying flowers on the statue of Sir Noël Coward in the foyer of the Theatre Royal . The Annual Lunch follows in the Grand Saloon at the theatre , followed by a cabaret . In 2002 , Ken Starrett was appointed the North American Director of The Noel Coward Society and in 2003 , Starrett organized an annual birthday celebration which took place in December in the USA . The event included the flower laying ceremony at The Gershwin Theatre in Manhattan and a special lunch . Among the celebrities who have placed flowers in front of Coward 's statue are Tammy Grimes , Keir Dullea , Tony Walton , Kitty Carlisle Hart , Hayley Mills , Marian Seldes , Jim Dale , Victor Garber , Christine Ebersole , Dick Cavett . Stephen Fry , Joan Copeland , Jamie Ross , Penny Fuller , and Dana Ivey . There is also a similar ceremony at Firefly Estate ( Coward 's home ) in Jamaica . On December 31 , 2016 , Ken Starrett officially stepped down after serving as North American Director of The Noel Coward Society for fourteen years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64f10281febcbee8027ab776368e3679", "text": "Christian Metz (critic) Christian Metz ( -LSB- mɛts -RSB- ; December 12 , 1931 -- September 7 , 1993 ) was a French film theorist , best known for pioneering the application of Ferdinand de Saussure 's theories of semiology to film . Metz was born in Béziers . During the 1970s , his work had a major impact on film theory in France , Britain , Latin America and the United States . In Film Language : A Semiotics of Cinema , Metz focuses on narrative structure -- proposing the `` Grand Syntagmatique '' , a system for categorizing scenes ( known as `` syntagms '' ) in films . Metz applied both Sigmund Freud 's psychology and Jacques Lacan 's mirror theory to the cinema , proposing that the reason film is popular as an art form lies in its ability to be both an imperfect reflection of reality and a method to delve into the unconscious dream state . In his final work , Impersonal Enunciation , Metz `` uses the concept of enunciation to articulate how films ` speak ' and explore where this communication occurs , offering critical direction for theorists who struggle with the phenomena of new media . '' Published in French in 1991 , Impersonal Enunciation received little attention in the English-speaking world until it was translated in 2016 , an indicator of a resurgence of interest in Metz as a scholar whose far-sighted work on multi-screen environments was well before its time . Metz died in Paris , aged 61 , having taken his own life .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "8a7f371009aa4682c59c57a790506a8c", "text": "Jerry Seinfeld Jerome Allen `` Jerry '' Seinfeld ( born April 29 , 1954 ) is an American comedian , actor , writer , producer , and director . He is known for playing a semifictional version of himself in the sitcom Seinfeld , which he created and wrote with Larry David . Seinfeld was heavily involved in the Bee Movie , in which he voiced its protagonist . In 2010 , he premiered a reality series called The Marriage Ref . He directed Colin Quinn in the Broadway show Long Story Short at the Helen Hayes Theater , which ran until January 2011 . He is the creator and host of the web series Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee . In his stand-up comedy career , Seinfeld is known for specializing in observational comedy , often ranting about relationships and embarrassing social situations . In 2005 , Comedy Central named Seinfeld their `` 12th Greatest Stand-up Comedian of All Time '' .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "80700e82ff7beefe396eedf1ad2f2566", "text": "Jason Alexander Jay Scott Greenspan ( born September 23 , 1959 ) , known by his stage name Jason Alexander , is an American actor , voice actor , comedian and director . Alexander is best known for his prominent role as George Costanza in the television series Seinfeld . Other well-known roles include Phillip Stuckey in the film Pretty Woman ( 1990 ) and the title character in the animated series Duckman ( 1994 -- 1997 ) . Alexander has had an active career on stage , appearing in several Broadway musicals including Jerome Robbins ' Broadway in 1989 , for which he won the Tony Award as Best Leading Actor in a Musical . He appeared in the Los Angeles production of The Producers . He was the Artistic Director of `` Reprise ! Broadway 's Best in Los Angeles '' , where he has directed several musicals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22bdbf4df6746708413f55b7f302e8d0", "text": "It's Bad for Ya It 's Bad for Ya is the 19th and final album , and 14th and final HBO stand-up comedy special by stand-up comedian George Carlin . It was televised live on March 1 , 2008 on HBO , less than four months before he died of heart failure at age 71 . The album is the follow-up to the 2005 HBO special Life Is Worth Losing . Carlin worked on this material since ending his `` Life Is Worth Losing '' Tour . The working title for this show was The Parade of Useless Bullshit . Filmed in the Wells Fargo Center for the Arts in Santa Rosa , California , the show 's stage behind Carlin was designed to represent a cozy living room theme . The CD was released July 29 , and the DVD and Blu-ray Disc on November 25 . It 's Bad For Ya received the Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album , awarded posthumously .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b33f33a8da7eb25ad8645310159a5766", "text": "The Comedy The Comedy is a 2012 drama film directed and co-written by Rick Alverson , and starring Tim Heidecker . Supporting actors include Eric Wareheim ( Tim and Eric ) , James Murphy ( LCD Soundsystem ) , and Gregg Turkington ( better known as Neil Hamburger ) . The film was premiered at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival and screened within such festivals as Maryland Film Festival 2012 . The film was distributed by Tribeca Film and was slated for theatrical release on November 9 , 2012 and nationwide On Demand starting October 24 , 2012 . Despite the title and use of comedians as actors , Sundance festival chief programmer Trevor Groth says that the film is not a comedy , but instead `` a provocation , a critique of a culture based at its core around irony and sarcasm and about ultimately how hollow that is . '' The first ten minutes of the film was purposely leaked onto various torrent websites with an anti-piracy statement at the end of the video . The resulting publicity made the actual film the most pirated independent film of the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1da5b8b8861ce9cfe286b40b9b2b8ed1", "text": "Seven dirty words The seven dirty words are seven English-language words that American comedian George Carlin first listed in 1972 in his monologue `` Seven Words You Can Never Say on Television '' . The words are : shit , piss , fuck , cunt , cocksucker , motherfucker , and tits . At the time , the words were considered highly inappropriate and unsuitable for broadcast on the public airwaves in the United States , whether radio or television . As such , they were avoided in scripted material , and bleep censored in the rare cases in which they were used ; broadcast standards differ in different parts of the world , then and now , although most of the words on Carlin 's original list remain taboo on American broadcast television . The list was not an official enumeration of forbidden words , but rather was compiled by Carlin . Nonetheless , a radio broadcast featuring these words led to a U.S. Supreme Court decision that helped establish the extent to which the federal government could regulate speech on broadcast television and radio in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "70d87d2c610dadc08f055c3bfba7d689", "text": "List of Saturday Night Live incidents As a live sketch comedy show , NBC 's Saturday Night Live ( officially abbreviated SNL ) has had a number of technical problems , performer mishaps , and controversial content . Several hosts and musical guests have received negative press due to their appearances on the program , including musician Sinéad O'Connor , comedian Andrew Dice Clay , then-Presidential candidate Donald Trump , and the bands Rage Against the Machine and Fear . In the course of the show 's forty-plus-year history , several technical issues have occurred live on air , most notably with singer Ashlee Simpson . Other times , controversial content has been edited out of syndicated reruns and online-distributed editions of the show , including coarse language . The show has `` banned '' certain hosts , and has also been accused of plagiarism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bbb03449ffb8494a09c8cfb64f3c42bf", "text": "Jerry Carroll (comedian) Jerry Carroll ( born 1959 ) is an American comedian , speaker and farmer based in based in Raleigh , North Carolina . Also known as The Willow Spring Wildman , Carroll is best known for his role as co-host on television 's `` Amazing America with Sarah Palin '' . Carroll started his career as a comedian in 1993 after working as a full-time farmer for several years . He has opened concerts for several music artists including Michael Bolton , Patty Loveless , Lyle Lovett , and Larry Gatlin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b21096d80f5273fd1f18a57e5dd89a7e", "text": "Funny or Die Funny or Die is a comedy video website and film/TV production company founded by Will Ferrell , Adam McKay and Chris Henchy . The website Funny Or Die contains exclusive material from a regular staff of in-house writers , producers , and directors , and occasionally from a number of famous contributors like Judd Apatow , James Franco , and Norm Macdonald . The production company makes TV shows like truTV 's Billy on the Street , Comedy Central 's @midnight , and Zach Galifianakis 's popular Emmy-winning web series Between Two Ferns . Many videos on the site feature well-known actors ( examples include Steve Carell , Charlie Sheen , Ryan Gosling , Patrick Stewart , Daniel Radcliffe , Sophia Bush , Mila Kunis , AnnaSophia Robb , Hilary Duff , Adam West , James Van Der Beek , Jim Carrey , Ariel Winter , and Selena Gomez ) . Michael Kvamme , an aspiring young comedian , came up with a concept for a new kind of comedy site ; and the site was developed by Randy Adams . Funny Or Die launched on April 12 , 2007 with the site 's first video , `` The Landlord '' . `` The Landlord '' has received over 84 million views and features Ferrell confronted by a swearing , beer-drinking two-year-old landlord . In June 2007 , they received venture capital funding from Sequoia Capital , and in June 2008 , they announced a partnership with HBO . On August 3 , 2016 , Funny or Die shut-down one of its California offices , reducing its headcount by 30 % to 95 employees , with the announcement coming just two month after the new CEO , Mike Farah , took office", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44e3fa8b4789184d52227ac93dca1f53", "text": "The Slicer `` The Slicer '' is the 163rd episode of the NBC sitcom Seinfeld . This was the seventh episode of the ninth and final season . It first aired on November 13 , 1997 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "91a2b7d39e83115ad074e756d023c1cd", "text": "Jerry Van Dyke Jerry Van Dyke ( born July 27 , 1931 ) is an American comedian and actor , the younger brother of Dick Van Dyke . He made his TV acting debut on The Dick Van Dyke Show with several guest appearances as Rob Petrie 's brother , Stacey . Later in his career from 1989 to 1997 , he portrayed Luther Van Dam on Craig T. Nelson 's ABC sitcom Coach .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2b90a9e89695d680c09c092b3fc3918", "text": "Humour Humour ( British English ) or humor ( American English ; see spelling differences ) is the tendency of particular cognitive experiences to provoke laughter and provide amusement . The term derives from the humoral medicine of the ancient Greeks , which taught that the balance of fluids in the human body , known as humours ( Latin : humor , `` body fluid '' ) , controlled human health and emotion . People of all ages and cultures respond to humour . Most people are able to experience humour -- be amused , smile or laugh at something funny -- and thus are considered to have a sense of humour . The hypothetical person lacking a sense of humour would likely find the behaviour inducing it to be inexplicable , strange , or even irrational . Though ultimately decided by personal taste , the extent to which a person finds something humorous depends on a host of variables , including geographical location , culture , maturity , level of education , intelligence and context . For example , young children may favour slapstick such as Punch and Judy puppet shows or the Tom and Jerry cartoons , whose physical nature makes it accessible to them . By contrast , more sophisticated forms of humour such as satire require an understanding of its social meaning and context , and thus tend to appeal to a more mature audience .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e4a5fc850131a08c815e5f629e80fd9", "text": "The Doodle `` The Doodle '' is the 106th episode of the NBC sitcom Seinfeld . This was the 20th episode for the sixth season . It aired on April 6 , 1995 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e80f3caa3d354dccc80f966edafc178", "text": "The George Carlin Show The George Carlin Show was an American sitcom that aired Sunday at 9:30 pm on the Fox network from January 1994 to July 1995 . It was created jointly by Sam Simon and the show 's namesake , comedian George Carlin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49359cd95d89b659f38d5a9bc3a5813c", "text": "The Comedian (2016 film) The Comedian is a 2016 American comedy-drama film directed by Taylor Hackford and written by Lewis Friedman , Richard LaGravenese , Art Linson , and Jeff Ross . The film stars Robert De Niro , Leslie Mann , Danny DeVito , Edie Falco , Veronica Ferres , Charles Grodin , Cloris Leachman , Patti LuPone and Harvey Keitel . The film had its world premiere at the AFI Fest on November 11 , 2016 and was released on December 9 , 2016 , by Sony Pictures Classics . The film opened to negative reviews from critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fda06eb3f2db245e01df8d8ab473cfb5", "text": "The Van Buren Boys `` The Van Buren Boys '' is the 148th episode of the sitcom Seinfeld , and name of a fictional New York street gang . Their sign is one hand with all the fingers and thumb ` up ' and spread out . The other hand has all but the thumb and pointer finger up , for a total of eight ( 8 ) . The gang is named for the 8th President of the United States , Martin Van Buren ( who was the first president from New York ) . This was the 14th episode for the 8th season . It aired on February 6 , 1997 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7dd6f0ecdccb8fdfa7a8f9494b0db834", "text": "Seinfeld: A XXX Parody Seinfeld : A XXX Parody is a 2009 American pornographic situation comedy film that parodies the American television sitcom Seinfeld which ran from 1989 until 1998 . Like other porn parodies , it has the same characters , settings and other production elements of the original show but adds an explicitly sexual element that was not present in the series . Written by A.J. Slater and directed by Lee Roy Myers , the plot is based on the episode `` The Soup Nazi '' . The film stars James Deen , Kristina Rose , Eric John , Steve Pomerantz , Evan Stone , Ashlynn Brooke , London Keyes , Natalie Horton , Tony Disergio , Sasha Grey , Sadie West and Cassandra Calogera . Released to DVD on June 29 , 2009 , the movie received positive reviews from critics , who enjoyed the acting , casting , sexual content and comedy . In addition to the positive reception , it also earned ten nominations at the 27th AVN Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "acd4303f4cedf767e915e1cf04817433", "text": "Howard West Howard West ( 1931 -- December 3 , 2015 ) was an American TV producer , best known for his work with long-term partner George Shapiro , in producing and managing Jerry Seinfeld . Together with his childhood friend from Brooklyn , George Shapiro , he was a partner in Shapiro/West and Associates .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "468559989cc5b7dbbe803f7d75072dc5", "text": "The Stall `` The Stall '' is the 76th episode of the NBC sitcom Seinfeld . It is the 12th episode of the fifth season , and first aired on January 6 , 1994 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5427cd842f880aabaadc46d6d269e76f", "text": "Tom's Restaurant Tom 's Restaurant is a diner located at 2880 Broadway ( on the corner of West 112th Street ) in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City . Frequented by students and faculty of nearby Columbia University , it has been owned and operated by the Greek-American family of Minas Zoulis since the 1940s . Tom 's Restaurant was the locale that inspired Suzanne Vega 's 1982 song `` Tom 's Diner . '' Later , its exterior was used as a stand-in for the fictional Monk 's Café in the television sitcom Seinfeld , where comedian Jerry Seinfeld 's eponymous character and his friends regularly gathered to eat . The interior shown on the television show , however , looked very little like the real `` Tom 's '' , as indoor scenes were filmed on a set in Los Angeles . Early Seinfeld episodes showed the entire neon sign ; later , the `` Tom 's '' portion was cropped out , showing only the `` RESTAURANT '' wraparound . Even though the interior and exterior have undergone minor remodeling since the show , the distinctive sign has remained the same . Tom 's is featured in Kramer 's Reality Tour conducted by Kenny Kramer . Senator John McCain often ate at Tom 's when he visited his daughter Meghan when she was a student at Columbia . Tom 's exterior has been seen on television before , in the 1978 The Bionic Woman episode `` Long Live the King '' at around the 27 minute mark of the DVD release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6993fcf71b1ad3b2e8542bd86338989b", "text": "Sam Seder Samuel Lincoln `` Sam '' Seder ( born November 28 , 1966 ) is an American comedian , writer , actor , film director , television producer-director , and progressive talk radio host . His works include the film Who 's the Caboose ? ( 1997 ) starring Sarah Silverman and Seder as well as the television shows Beat Cops ( 2001 ) and Pilot Season ( 2004 ) . He also appeared in Next Stop Wonderland ( 1998 ) . Seder also made guest appearances on Spin City ( 1997 ) , Sex and the City ( 2000 ) America Undercover ( 2005 ) , and Maron ( 2015 ) . He voices Hugo on the animated comedy series Bob 's Burgers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fbc8bf81f27171c034bdfe3b7a72d18a", "text": "History of Saturday Night Live (1995–2000) Saturday Night Live is an American sketch comedy series created and produced by Lorne Michaels for most of the show 's run . The show has aired on NBC since 1975 . After a disastrous 1994 -- 95 season featuring a mix of old and new characters , Michaels decided to once again revamp the cast , keeping only five cast members and hiring six . The 1995 -- 96 season once again saved the show from cancellation , introducing a new era of Saturday Night Live characters and sketches that were highly popular with audiences . This cast stayed mostly stable until the 1998 -- 99 season , which added cast members such as Jimmy Fallon and Horatio Sanz . These two would pave the way for the next era of Saturday Night Live in the early 2000s .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ed77b3b0594420b209a3e4294a85a06a", "text": "Nick Cannon Nicholas Scott `` Nick '' Cannon ( born October 8 , 1980 ) is an American rapper , actor , comedian , entrepreneur , record producer , radio and television personality . On television , Cannon began as a teenager on All That before going on to host The Nick Cannon Show , Wild 'N Out , and America 's Got Talent . He acted in the films Drumline , Love Do n't Cost a Thing , and Roll Bounce . As a rapper he released his debut self-titled album in 2003 with the hit single `` Gigolo '' , a collaboration with singer R. Kelly . In 2007 he played the role of the fictional footballer TJ Harper in the film Goal II : Living the Dream . In 2006 , Cannon recorded the singles `` Dime Piece '' and `` My Wife '' for the planned album Stages '' , which was never released . Cannon married American R&B / pop singer , Mariah Carey in 2008 . He filed for divorce in December 2014 , after six years of marriage . The divorce was finalized in 2016 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c5e89abee37e782969968d94fbcc5a3b", "text": "Rock or Bust Rock or Bust is a studio album by Australian hard rock band AC/DC . It is their fifteenth internationally released studio album and the sixteenth to be released in Australia . It is the shortest studio album ever released by the band ; at approximately 35 minutes , it is two minutes shorter than their previous shortest album , Flick of the Switch , which was released in 1983 . Rock or Bust also was the group 's first album without founding member and rhythm guitarist Malcolm Young , who had retired from the band in 2014 due to health concerns , although he co-wrote every track on the album . Bass guitarist Cliff Williams has also retired since Rock or Bust was released , drummer Phil Rudd was unable to participate in the supporting tour after being sentenced to house arrest , and vocalist Brian Johnson was forced to exit the band after the fifth leg of the album 's supporting tour as a result of hearing loss . The group released the debut single from the album , titled `` Play Ball '' , on 7 October 2014 . The song has been a commercial success , reaching the top 40 charts in various countries such as Spain ( at number 28 ) , France ( at number 39 ) or Switzerland ( at number 19 ) . Rock or Bust peaked at # 1 in 12 countries , including Australia , Canada , Germany and Sweden . It reached the top 5 in a further 12 countries , including New Zealand , the United Kingdom , the United States and Italy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7c58001c1ba25ba1d44a51b3c06a1d0", "text": "Nick Launay Nicolas Launay ( born 5 March 1960 ) is an English record producer , composer and recording engineer . He is one of the most sought after record producers in the world due to his success with recent albums by Yeah Yeah Yeahs , Arcade Fire , and Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds . He is among the most successful producers of the post-punk era , helming records from pivotal acts including Blue October , Public Image Ltd , Gang of Four , Killing Joke , The Birthday Party , and The Slits . Launay is known primarily for his passionate approach to recording with emphasis on raw sounds and capturing mood . Other artists he has worked with include : Kate Bush , Talking Heads , David Byrne , INXS , Midnight Oil , Grinderman , Lou Reed , The Veils , The Cribs , Supergrass , The Living End , Band of Skulls , and Silverchair . He lives in Hollywood , United States and travels to London frequently . More recent work includes producing Yeah Yeah Yeahs ' Mosquito , It 's Blitz ! , mixing Arcade Fire 's The Suburbs , and producing and recording Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds 's Push the Sky Away , along with Grinderman 's Grinderman 2 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d22444f344ba080f64ea548b96ddc988", "text": "Nick Records Nick Records ( also known as Nickelodeon Records or Nick Music ) is the record label for the children 's television channel Nickelodeon . The label featured new and emerging young musical artists , `` triple threat '' singers who would also act and dance on the network 's series , and soundtrack and compilations based on Nickelodeon TV shows .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d569bbb34b77aacbd17ad6eb2c49055", "text": "Nick Hornby Nicholas Peter John `` Nick '' Hornby ( born 17 April 1957 ) is an English novelist , essayist , lyricist , and screenwriter . He is best known for his memoir Fever Pitch and novels High Fidelity and About a Boy '' , all of which were adapted into feature films . Hornby 's work frequently touches upon music , sport , and the aimless and obsessive natures of his protagonists . His books have sold more than 5 million copies worldwide as of 2013 . In a 2004 poll for the BBC , Hornby was named the 29th most influential person in British culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b1810e20c47ffb43c81cbaf37e93688", "text": "Love Don't Cost a Thing (film) Love Do n't Cost a Thing ( stylized as Love Do n't Co $ t a Thing ) is a 2003 American teen comedy film written and directed by Troy Beyer and starring Nick Cannon and Christina Milian . It also stars Steve Harvey , Kenan Thompson and Kal Penn. . The film is a remake of the 1987 film Ca n't Buy Me Love .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31b94ab0af3e6cc3cc560f4f01fc02ed", "text": "Global Underground: Live in Prague Global Underground 003 : Nick Warren , Live in Prague is a DJ mix album in the Global Underground series , compiled and mixed by Nick Warren . The set was recorded at a gig in Prague , Czech Republic . This is the second and last live recording in the Global Underground series . The subsequent albums are studio recordings inspired by the live sets in the featured cities . For their second Global Underground release , Boxed chose to record a live set from Nick Warren . Already a well established club DJ in Bristol and around the UK , Warren was just starting to enjoy wider recognition in his production partnership Way Out West too , making him an exciting choice . It was to be the start of one of the longest running relationships in dance music . Nick has mixed eight editions of the series to date ( GU 003 , 008 , 011 , 018 , 024 , 028 , 030 , and 035 ) , with a ninth installment planned . His alliance with GU has led him to turn down many offers to mix other compilations , preferring to associate himself fully with the trusted name that first picked up on his work and gave him such a good platform to share it . His first mix , performed live in the Czech Republic capital , highlighted to many people for the first time that there was a rapidly growing dance scene in the former Eastern Europe . The tracks are a snapshot of 1997 , with trance stylings , rolling bass and epic breakdowns .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "918bb22a9f11634f22c868d13d2d7389", "text": "Nick Carter (musician) Nickolas Gene `` Nick '' Carter ( born January 28 , 1980 ) is an American singer , songwriter , actor , dancer , record producer , author and video director . He is best known as a member of the pop group the Backstreet Boys . As of 2015 , Carter has released three solo albums , Now or Never , I 'm Taking Off and All American during breaks between Backstreet Boys schedules , and a collaboration with Jordan Knight titled Nick & Knight . He has made occasional television appearances and starred in his own reality shows , House of Carters and I ( Heart ) Nick Carter . He gained fame in the mid 1990s and early 2000s as a teen idol . He is also the older and only brother of singer Aaron Carter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45c5137321261d9e13cd95e610d6d93c", "text": "Cake (band) Cake ( stylized CAKE ) is an American alternative rock band from Sacramento , California . Consisting of singer John McCrea , trumpeter Vince DiFiore , guitarist Xan McCurdy , bassist Gabe Nelson and drummer Paulo Baldi , the band has been noted for McCrea 's sarcastic lyrics and monotone vocals , DiFiore 's trumpet parts , and their wide-ranging musical influences , including country music , Mariachi , rock , funk , Iranian folk music and hip hop . Cake was formed in 1991 by McCrea , DiFiore , Greg Brown , Frank French and Shon Meckfessel , who soon left and was replaced by Nelson . Following the self-release of its debut album , Motorcade of Generosity , the band was signed to Capricorn Records in 1995 and released its first single , `` Rock 'n' Roll Lifestyle '' , which hit number 35 on the Modern Rock Tracks music chart and was featured on MTV 's 120 Minutes ; French and Nelson then left the band , and were replaced by Todd Roper and Victor Damiani . Cake 's second album , 1996 's Fashion Nugget , went platinum on the strength of its lead single , `` The Distance '' . Following a tour of Europe and the United States , both Brown and Damiani announced they were leaving Cake , which led to speculation about the band 's future ; McCrea eventually recruited Xan McCurdy to take over on guitar , and persuaded Nelson to return . Prolonging the Magic , the band 's third album , was released in 1998 and went platinum , having shipped over one million units ; this was followed three years later by Comfort Eagle , the band 's first album on Columbia Records , featuring the single `` Short Skirt/Long Jacket '' which hit number 7 on the Modern Rock Tracks chart . Following a series of tours , including several versions of the Unlimited Sunshine Tour , the band released Pressure Chief in 2004 , its second and last album on Columbia . After creating its own label , Upbeat Records , the band released Showroom of Compassion in 2011 , which became its first album to debut at the top of the Billboard charts , selling 44,000 copies in the first week after release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c6952ac114c2824ce19b3db5f2d42d4", "text": "Time of No Reply Time of No Reply is a 1987 compilation album featuring outtakes and alternative versions of songs by English folk singer Nick Drake . It was also included as the fourth disc of the 1987 version of the Nick Drake box set Fruit Tree .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8f3cedb6bf0d11980225ff517ebb979", "text": "Brass Knuckles (album) Brass Knuckles is the fifth studio album by American recording artist Nelly , released on September 16 , 2008 . The album cover was voted the ` Sexiest Album Cover Women Play Themselves To ' in the Playboy Bunnies Convention in 2009 . In 2008 Nelly embarked on The Brass Knuckles Tour in support of the album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72718a20934905bdb0aad10afd2a6b0a", "text": "Eric Nicks Eric Nicks is the founder of Alpine Music Group home to R&B sensation Justine Skye . Eric Nicks is a music industry veteran , having been named the Sr. . VP of A&R at Universal Motown . He also founded R&B Live NY , an industry showcase in New York City . Nicks sits on the board of advisors for the Brooklyn Academy of Music . He is often a guest speaker at a variety of colleges , including NYU , Morehouse , and many others . On top of founding Alpine Music Group , Eric also created a bowling app called Side Action Bowling . Eric Nicks graduated from New York University and began co-managing the sister of his best friend , up and coming rapper , Foxy Brown - ( rapper ) . In ` 96 Nicks received a call from Lyor Cohen and Chris Lighty , offering him an A&R position at Violator ( company ) Records and Management where he would help shape the careers of LL Cool J , Busta Rhymes , and Noreaga among others . After spending 5 years at Violator , Lighty named him President of the records division until he stepped off to start a management company , EVision , with LL Cool J as one of his clients . He was involved in the platinum releases of Foxy Brown 's Ill NaNa , LL Cool J 's The DEFinition , and Lyfe Jennings ' debut Lyfe 268-192 . Eric Nicks received a tap from Kevin Liles , former president of Def Jam , for a position as Vice President of A&R at Def Jam . Under Nicks ' tenure at Def Jam , LL dropped his 10th studio album titled `` 10 '' which included LL Cool J 's 1st # 1 single `` Love You Better . '' and 11th studio album `` The Definition '' which included LL 's 2nd # 1 single `` Headsprung '' and 3rd # 1 single `` All I Need '' featuring Jennifer Lopez . In 2003 , Nicks left Def Jam to become Sr. . Vice President of A&R at Sony Records where he A&R 'd Lyfe Jennings Platinum debut album `` 268-192 '' . He went on to become Sr. . VP of A&R at Universal Motown Records in 2006 . In 2007 , Eric Nicks created R&B Live New York . Since its inception , R&B Live has hosted artists such as Fantasia , Ne-Yo , Trey Songz , Brian McKnight and many more . The star-studded room has included Kevin Liles , Jay-Z , Denzel Washington , Terrence Howard and many other celebrities and industry executives . 2008 marked the conception of Brookland Entertainment , Eric Nicks ' own record label company formed in conjunction with the Trackmasters . Brookland Entertainment was home to the hit single `` Download '' by Lil ' Kim ft. T-Pain and Charlie Wilson and dancehall artist Beenie Man . In 2010 Eric Nicks founded Alpine Music Group , which includes a self owned management company , a joint venture publishing company with Sony/ATV and a Record Label under Atlantic Records which houses upcoming sensation Justine Skye . In 2010 Eric also founded Alpine Music Publishing which houses records from Justine Bieber `` U Smile '' , One Direction `` Got ta Be you '' , Justine Skye `` Collide '' and many more . A&R Discography", "title": "" }, { "docid": "def16854c54066200366f50229b7012f", "text": "Nicki Richards Nicki Richards ( born Honolulu , Hawaii , United States on March 24 ) is an American singer , songwriter , producer and actress based in Manhattan , New York City . She is also known as a backing singer for a number of renowned artists and on a big number of studio recordings . Her father was a high-ranking African-American naval officer and her mother , Donna Blackmon , a talented singer . Nicki 's brother , Philip Richards is a singer / musician in his own right and collaborated with her in her works . Nicki Richards had her first public appearances in commercials when she was only 5 . She had her break when she won the Grand Prize on the singing competition Star Search . She consequently recorded and performed for the past several years with Madonna , ( including Confessions Tour , Sticky & Sweet Tour , MDNA Tour and Rebel Heart Tour ) , Mariah Carey , Whitney Houston , Mick Jagger , Michael Jackson , Tina Turner , Gloria Estefan , Celine Dion , Stevie Wonder , Linda Ronstadt , Mary J. Blige , Missy Elliott , Lenny Kravitz , Anastacia , Bette Midler , Maxi Priest , Al Green , The Cover Girls and many more . In 1991 , she released her own debut album Naked ( To the World ) on Atlantic Records written and co-produced by her after being signed to a deal by the legendary Ahmet Ertegun . She followed that up with Nicki in 2008 . She had her acting debut in 1999 in Colorz of Rage directed by Dale Resteghini and in Chicago as part of a female ensemble and in two musical comedies by Robert Klein . She also took part in a number of theater productions Cy Coleman 's Like Jazz in Los Angeles , Jim Steinman 's Over The Top on the East Coast , and the Penumbra Theatre Company 's `` Spunk '' by Zora Neale Hurston and `` Beehive '' both in the Minneapolis/St . Paul area . She performed on the PBS television show `` Between the Lions '' , a puppet educational show . She has also appeared on a number of commercials ( Burger King , Coca Cola and Colgate ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b49b281d6129fd8ce742e7095711f51e", "text": "Never Rest in Peace Never Rest In Peace is the second studio album by ska-punk/anarcho-punk band Star Fucking Hipsters . It officially released on Tuesday , October 20 , 2009 on Alternative Tentacles , although those who purchased the album on the Alternative Tentacles website received the album before the official release date .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3bf8fcc382b111eb6347e73a53190d0e", "text": "Sex Pistols Boxed Set Sex Pistols is a box set anthology of the career of the punk band The Sex Pistols with singer Johnny Rotten . It was released on 3 June 2002 . The set comprises three themed CDs and an 80-page booklet . The first disc features Never Mind the Bollocks , the band 's only studio album , in its entirety , as well as four B-sides and the band 's first demo session . The second disc has demos and studio outtakes , from July 1976 to January 1977 and from the Never Mind the Bollocks sessions . This , together with the first disc , includes most of the material recorded by the band while Johnny Rotten was the singer . The third disc , composed of previously unreleased live tracks , is almost completely made up with a 31 August 1976 gig at Islington Screen on the Green Cinema . Live bonus tracks include songs never recorded in the studio , `` Understanding '' , `` Flowers of Romance '' and the legendary live performance of `` Belsen Was a Gas '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7f1fbd6e3cd809d128153adb88afd49", "text": "Unknown Road Unknown Road is the second album by Pennywise , released on August 17 , 1993 through Epitaph Records . After frontman Jim Lindberg briefly left the band during touring in support of its previous album , Pennywise ( 1991 ) , Pennywise began the recording sessions for their second album . Released a year before the success of punk rock in California , Unknown Road gained Pennywise supporting slots on national and world tours with bands such as The Offspring ( who was just about to hit the mainstream with then-new album Smash ) . Some archived footage of the Unknown Road tour dates can be seen on the band 's 1995 documentary Home Movies . Like their self-titled debut album Pennywise , Unknown Road failed to chart in Billboard magazine . This would be Pennywise 's last uncharted album to date .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca722f6a2363fcddaa699b27786640ed", "text": "The Breeders The Breeders are an American alternative rock band formed in 1989 by Kim Deal of the Pixies and Tanya Donelly of Throwing Muses . The band has experienced a number of lineup changes ; Kim Deal has been the band 's sole continual member . Their first album , Pod ( 1990 ) , though not commercially successful , received wide critical acclaim . The Breeders ' most successful album , Last Splash ( 1993 ) , is best known for the hit single `` Cannonball '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52a9175ac6b00aa59d7d17b0d7445854", "text": "Goodbye Cool World! Goodbye Cool World ! is the third release by DIY collective Bomb the Music Industry ! . It was released on the band 's website , as well as on a limited vinyl release . The album 's working title was reported to be Clap Your Hands Say Shut the Fuck Up , parodying indie rock band Clap Your Hands Say Yeah , but was changed to the current title because , according to Bomb the Music Industry ! , `` A band selling 50,000 records without a label , regardless of hype or bad music , is kinda dope . '' `` King of Minneapolis '' is a four-part song , based on singer/guitarist Jeff Rosenstock spending a night at the Triple Rock Social Club in Minneapolis . `` King of Minneapolis '' , `` Grudge Report '' , and a B-side titled `` Tell My Boss ` I Hate You ' '' were originally part of a concept record that was abandoned in favor of this album . The album uses several samples , including a clip from the Arrested Development episode `` The One Where Michael Leaves '' at the beginning of `` Old and Unprofessional '' , a clip from the 1983 movie Valley Girl at the end of `` My Response to an Article in Alternative Press '' , and a clip of the game Galaga '' at the end of `` Anywhere I Lay My Head '' . `` Side Projects are Never Successful '' makes a reference to Washington , D.C. post-hardcore outfit Fugazi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7eed3fa7241b7d42a561be7a777eb58", "text": "Nick Van Eede Nick Van Eede ( born Nicholas Eede , 14 June 1958 ) is an English musician , producer , and songwriter . He is best known for singing and writing the 1986 U.S. # 1 power ballad hit '' ( I Just ) Died in Your Arms '' for his band Cutting Crew .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6520a1820c84afa526d24a21c5374fe9", "text": "Nick G. Miller Nick G. Miller ( born January 18 , 1964 in Dayton , Ohio ) , also known as Nick Miller , is an American businessperson . His main interests are within the entertainment industry , the marine industry , and business education . Miller is an award-winning screenwriter , filmmaker , movie producer , movie director , television producer , actor , music producer , film composer , public speaker , and philanthropist . He has owned various companies within the marine industry and is a consultant and keynote speaker . His acting credits include The Last Marshal , The Librarians , Chronicles of an Exorcism , and Catch of a Lifetime . He has produced feature films and television shows such as Palmetto , The Unlikely 's , Catch of a Lifetime , E! Entertainment 's Wild On the Mark Cuban series Art Mann Presents , Talent Rock , and CBS Television 's The Music Cafe Presents ( co-produced with Greg Rike and Greg Rike Studios ) . In 2005 , Miller , along with producing partner Matthew Ashford did a test shoot for a screenplay they had written together in the horror film genre entitled Chronicles of an Exorcism . The film was originally shelved by Miller and his producers , but has since been released on DVD . In October 2008 the movie was one of the most watched horror movies of all time and was listed near the top 100 ( # 116 ) on the Internet Movie Database . Miller is currently post production on the movie Windwalkers and in pre production on a screenplay co-written with published author Timothy G. Grogan . In April 2014 , as executive producer , Miller 's romantic comedy , Catch of a Lifetime , directed by Ben Klopfenstein and written by Miller , Klopfenstein , and book author Connie Neumann , won the Audience Choice for Best Feature award at the Silver Springs International Film Festival . Miller consults and works with companies on forming strategic alliance business plans via product placement , co-branding and media exposure . He has been instrumental in negotiating and placing products in feature films and television shows including War of the Worlds , I , Robot , Fun with Dick and Jane , Scream 3 , Charlie 's Angels , CSI : Miami , 24 , Nash Bridges , V.I.P. , and JAG . Nick G. Miller produces and hosts sales and motivational training workshops across the globe . He has trained thousands of sales and service staff members from companies including FTD Flowers , Harley-Davidson , Featherlite Luxury Coaches , Bombardier , Platinum Coach Works , Northeast Marine Trade Association , Rio Roses , and many others . Miller is also a music producer , and in 2009 became vice president of Living Legends Music , a property which includes a syndicated radio show , streaming iTunes radio , a DVD series , and the CBS television series The Music Cafe Presents , all featuring interviews with musicians . Miller also produced and hosted the 2009 DVD documentary Orleans : Official History & Music for the 1970s and 1980s band Orleans . He comes from a musical family dating back to 1940 when his great uncle Douglas Dalton , played mandolin and guitar for The Whippoorwills , Roy Rogers , Sons of the Pioneers , and other bands and musicians . Today , Miller performs with Nick Miller & The Gathering , a group consisting of rotating legendary musicians playing their own number one hits . Miller 's companies have produced nightclub events , swimwear modeling competitions , and VIP parties for Corona Beer , Harley-Davidson , Loews Hotels , Gibson , Universal Studios Theme Parks , Six Flags Theme Parks and others . Miller has been part of the marine industry since 1986 . As vice president , Miller played an instrumental part in resurrecting Donzi Marine in 1993 . Miller and Donzi Marine manager Steve Simon formed `` Team Donzi '' and raced a Donzi 38 ZX in the American Power Boat Association circuit . The team won two APBA/UIM World Championships five APBA National Championships . Under the same ownership group , Miller organized a marketing campaign and formed strategic alliances with non-endemic companies helping Pro-Line Boats become the # 1 selling fiberglass fishing boats in the United States . During the mid-2000s Miller consulted and worked with the offshore racing champion , Reggie Fountain and his company Fountain Powerboats . In 2012 he became a partner and shareholder of Sak Marine , a Georgia based company that manufactured Caravelle Boats , Key Largo Boats , Interceptor Performance Boats , Clearwater Fishing Boats , and Sea Hawk Boats . Nick Miller was introduced to Burt Reynolds at his home in Florida . The lunch meeting resulted in Miller being offered acting roles in two of Reynolds ' films . Soon after he would meet the man who would become his mentor ; the late award-winning filmmaker John Daly , of which just some of his movies includes Platoon , The Terminator , The Falcon and the Snowman , Salvador , Full Metal Jacket , The Bodyguard , and The Legend of Zorro .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56fc744096097406cf4972c9cf71bf4b", "text": "Nick & Nora Nick & Nora is a musical with a book by Arthur Laurents , lyrics by Richard Maltby , Jr. , and music by Charles Strouse . The plot involves witty and urbane high society couple Nick and Nora Charles , characters created by Dashiell Hammett in his novel The Thin Man , which inspired six films , a radio show , and a television series . In this version , the two are attempting to solve the murder of a bookkeeper on a film production in Hollywood . Crucially , the musical departs from the formula of previous incarnations , defined by the chemistry between Nick and Nora , by creating a subplot of marital woes and tensions between them . The show had a brief run of nine performances on Broadway in 1991 , and was remounted for the first and only time by San Francisco 's 42nd Street Moon in April 2015 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "6a2a7a23e4683d2d2b160122b053c90a", "text": "Justin Bieber Justin Drew Bieber ( -LSB- ˈbiːbər -RSB- born March 1 , 1994 ) is a Canadian singer and songwriter . After a talent manager discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 and signed to RBMG , Bieber released his debut EP , My World , in late 2009 . It was certified Platinum in the U.S. . He became the first artist to have seven songs from a debut record chart on the Billboard Hot 100 . Bieber released his first full-length studio album , My World 2.0 , in 2010 . It debuted at or near number one in several countries , was certified triple Platinum in the U.S. , and contained his single `` Baby '' . Following his debut album , he had his first headlining tour , the My World Tour , released the remix albums My Worlds Acoustic and Never Say Never -- The Remixes -- and the 3D biopic-concert film Justin Bieber : Never Say Never . He released his second studio album , Under the Mistletoe , in November 2011 , when it debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 . Bieber released his third studio album , Believe , in 2012 . His fourth studio album Purpose was released in November 2015 , spawning three number one singles : `` What Do You Mean ? '' , `` Sorry '' , and `` Love Yourself '' . His U.S. album and singles sales total 44.7 million . He has sold an estimated 100 million records , making him one of the world 's best-selling music artists . Bieber has won numerous awards , including the American Music Award for Artist of the Year in 2010 and 2012 . In his career , he has won one Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording for the song `` Where Are Ü Now '' at the 2016 ceremony . He has been listed four times by Forbes magazine among the top ten most powerful celebrities in the world in 2011 , 2012 , and 2013 . Bieber also became the first artist to surpass 10 billion total video views on Vevo .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d274ce0861ebf8bce32fcb86260e0d37", "text": "Beatlemania in the United Kingdom The phenomenon known as Beatlemania originated in the United Kingdom , birthplace of the Beatles , when the band first realised enormous popularity there in 1963 . Returning in 1962 from a highly formative two-year residency in Germany , the Beatles achieved a commercial breakthrough with their second UK single release , `` Please Please Me '' early in 1963 , but gained `` Superstar '' status with the release of `` She Loves You '' later that year . There followed an almost non-stop series of concerts and tours , attended with feverish enthusiasm across the UK , for the whole of the following year . The Beatles ' popularity in the UK came to exceed even that of the notable American artists Tommy Roe , Chris Montez and Roy Orbison , whose UK chart success at the time did not keep them from being overshadowed by the Beatles during their 1963 nationwide tours with the lower-billed band -- an achievement previously unknown for a UK act . With intense media interest in the Beatles during 1963 , the year was also taken up with TV shows , press interviews and a weekly radio show . Despite these demands the band found time for many sessions in the recording studio , releasing two albums and four singles during the year . 1963 was also the year when Lennon 's son Julian was born . By the end of 1963 , Beatlemania would begin to spread internationally . The single `` I Want to Hold Your Hand '' entered the US charts on 18 January 1964 , selling one-and-a-half million copies in under three weeks , and the following month the Beatles made their first visit to America . The great interest in the Beatles brought about a major change in US attitudes to popular music and marked the start of the phenomenon known as the British Invasion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c052df0118d93569e15572e74447c110", "text": "Charlie, Last Name Wilson Charlie , Last Name Wilson is the third studio album by American singer Charlie Wilson ; it was released on August 23 , 2005 , by Jive Records . The album includes production from several R&B hitmakers including R. Kelly , will.i.am , Justin Timberlake , KayGee & Terence `` Tramp-Baby '' Abney , The Underdogs and The Platinum Brothers . It debuted and peaked at # 10 on the Billboard 200 with sales of 71,400 copies in its first week . The album was also certified Gold by the RIAA on February 5 , 2009 ( almost 4 years after its release ) surpassing sales of 500,000 copies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c08c87fd6a99eb0d2b23b7caf375cd3f", "text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2007 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , and airplay . In 2007 , 17 singles reached the top spot on the chart . An 18th single , Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , began a run at the top in 2006 which continued into 2007 . In 2007 , eight acts achieved their first US number-one single , either as a lead artist or featured guest : Maroon 5 , Avril Lavigne , Mims , Plain White T 's , Sean Kingston , Soulja Boy Tell 'Em , T-Pain , and Yung Joc . Producer Timbaland earned his first number-one single as lead artist with `` Give It to Me '' ; he had previously appeared as featured guest on singer Nelly Furtado 's number-one single `` Promiscuous '' . T-Pain , Justin Timberlake , Nelly Furtado and Fergie each earned two number-one singles , either as a lead artist or featured guest . Three number-one singles tied for the longest run on the chart in 2007 : Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , Rihanna 's `` Umbrella '' , and Soulja Boy Tell 'Em 's `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' all topped the chart for seven weeks ; the last of these was non-consecutive . However , `` Irreplaceable '' , which started its peak position in three issues the previous year , is credited to by Billboard magazine as 2006 's longest-running single . To this effect , `` Umbrella '' and `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' are the longest-running singles of 2007 . Other singles with extended chart runs include singer Alicia Keys ' `` No One '' which stayed at number one for five straight weeks . `` Irreplaceable '' is the best-performing single of the calendar year , topping the Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2007 for seven consecutive weeks . Band Maroon 5 's `` Makes Me Wonder '' is noted for its jump from 64th to 1st place on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it the largest leap of 2007 . `` Umbrella '' , which occupied the top slot for seven of summer 's thirteen weeks , has been credited by the music press as 2007 's Song of the Summer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1fa706667c83d7622ae9ce5fb1123a50", "text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1981 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the 200 highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated the sales for the album charts from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , which was gathered by telephone , fax or messenger service . The data was based on reports from record stores , who ranked the popularity of the best-selling records but did not provide an actual sales figures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01c6d3db8c64dae0bdfd91581b59e930", "text": "List of best-selling singles According to Guinness World Records , `` White Christmas '' ( 1942 ) by Bing Crosby is the best-selling single worldwide , with estimated sales of over 50 million copies . The song recognized as `` the best-selling single of all time '' was released before the pop/rock singles-chart era and `` was listed as the world 's best-selling single in the first-ever Guinness Book of Records ( published in 1955 ) and -- remarkably -- still retains the title more than 50 years later . '' Guinness World Records states that double A-side charity single `` Candle in the Wind 1997 '' / `` Something About the Way You Look Tonight '' ( 1997 ) by Elton John , a tribute to the late Diana , Princess of Wales , is `` the biggest-selling single since UK and US singles charts began in the 1950s , having accumulated worldwide sales of 33 million copies , '' making it the second-best-selling single of all time . The list is split between physical ( mainly CD and vinyl ) singles and digitally downloaded tracks which first became available to purchase in the early 2000s . The sales of singles that are italicized are the compilation of sales in available markets instead of a worldwide sales figure . These sales figures are therefore neither complete nor definitive .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "934f6216889c7b33ee3db22b7a6c4483", "text": "List of artists who have spent the most weeks on the UK music charts This is a list of artists who have spent more than one thousand weeks on the UK Singles Chart and UK Albums Chart combined . It uses the methodology used to compile a top 500 list in the British Hit Singles & Albums books until 2005 . Any album or single must be credited to the named artist and must appear in the top 75 singles or albums chart as recorded by the Official Charts Company . Elvis Presley has the most weeks on the singles charts with 1,302 weeks for 165 singles . Cliff Richard and Rihanna are the only other artists to record over one thousand weeks in the singles chart . Rihanna has the most weeks in the singles chart since 2000 , with 1058 between September 2005 and September 2016 -- an average of over 1.8 singles per chart week during this eleven-year period . Queen have the most weeks on the albums chart with over 1,400 weeks , followed by ten other artists with more than a thousand weeks . David Bowie passed the thousand-week mark following his death in January 2016 , when 16 of his albums entered or re-entered the top 75 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bfd144319785522649d0769defead99", "text": "Invincible (Michael Jackson album) Invincible is the final studio album by American recording artist Michael Jackson , released on October 30 , 2001 , by Epic Records . Similar to Jackson 's previous material , Invincible explores themes such as love , romance , isolation , media criticism , and social issues . It was his sixth studio album released through Epic label . An extensive and laborious album to make , Jackson started production in 1997 , and did not finish until eight weeks before the album 's October 2001 release . Jackson recorded in over 10 different studios , and the final cost was over thirty million dollars . Combined with twenty five million toward the cost of promoting the album , Invincible is the most expensive album ever made . The album peaked at number one in eleven territories worldwide , including the United States ( with first-week sales of 363,000 units ) , the United Kingdom , Australia , France and Switzerland . Invincible charted within the top ten in six other territories . Upon release , the album received mixed reviews from contemporary music critics . Invincible was one of the best-selling of 2001 , being ranked at # 9 on the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry 's ( IFPI ) Top 50 Global Best Selling Albums for 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af4800a91aef91711ec5b3a280054d1b", "text": "List of million-selling singles in the United Kingdom A million-selling single is regarded by the Official Charts Company ( OCC ) as one that has sold at least 1 million copies since the start of the UK Singles Chart in November 1952 . As well as a traditional purchase of a physical record , a sale can represent one permanent digital download of a track ( physical singles usually consist of two songs , although both are only included in sales figures for double A sides or where both receive a high level of interest and airplay ) . Both British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) - certified awards ( Silver , Gold and Platinum ) and the weekly charts now include audio streaming but these are not included in the sales figures published by the OCC . Certified awards can also include shipments ( sales to trade ) . The OCC and Music Week regularly announce when a record becomes a million seller . , 167 singles have sold 1 million copies in the UK . Of these , 108 were originally released in the 20th century ( 70 of them selling 1 million before the year 2000 ) and the remainder were released between 2000 and 2014 . The most recently released single to become a million-seller is `` Uptown Funk '' by Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars , which was released in December 2014 and passed a million sales ten weeks later in February 2015 . Bing Crosby 's `` White Christmas '' is the earliest release : originally 1942 , although only sales from 1952 onwards are counted . The year in which the most million-sellers were released is 2011 , with twelve ; while a record 36 releases from both the 1990s and the 2010s have sold a million copies . Only two million sellers have failed to reach the top 5 on the UK Singles Chart : Snow Patrol 's `` Chasing Cars '' and Journey 's `` Do n't Stop Believin ' '' , both of which peaked at number 6 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d470bc3eec9dbc8f7714cf7ce805ebc9", "text": "Triple J Hottest 100, 2012 The 2012 Triple J Hottest 100 was announced on Australia Day 26 January 2013 . It was the 20th countdown of the most popular songs of the year , as chosen by the listeners of Australian radio station Triple J. Voting commenced on 19 December 2012 , and closed at midnight on 20 January 2013 . Over 1.5 million votes were cast in this countdown , beating the record set in the 2011 list . In the week prior to the countdown , Nick Drewe , a Brisbane statistician and marketer , analysed the votes that had been published on social media and determined the possible top 100 , naming it the Warmest 100 . The votes that had been published represented approximately 2.7 % of the total vote . Ultimately , his list correctly predicted 92 of the songs in the countdown , the songs comprising the top 10 , and the top 3 in the correct order . The ABC have announced that it would likely make changes to the voting system to prevent `` spoiler attempts '' in future countdowns .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "10ba91cb2cc4d5ff53accbbd0030b216", "text": "Change Me (Justin Bieber song) `` Change Me '' is a song by Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber from his second compilation album Journals ( 2013 ) discussing his life after the world turned on him was released on December 2 , 2013 . The song is the ninth in Bieber 's series Music Mondays , the first eight being `` Heartbreaker '' ( October 7 , 2013 ) , `` All That Matters '' ( October 14 ) , `` Hold Tight '' ( October 21 ) , `` Recovery '' ( October 28 ) , `` Bad Day '' ( November 4 ) , `` All Bad '' ( November 11 ) , `` PYD '' ( November 18 ) and `` Roller Coaster '' ( November 25 ) . Bieber released a new single every week for 10 weeks from October 7 to December 9 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e531384eb46573145087f1520f557ec", "text": "Johnny Mathis discography Johnny Mathis has recorded 71 studio albums , 11 of which achieved sales of 500,000 units and were awarded Gold certification by the Recording Industry Association of America . Five of his greatest hits albums also accomplished this , and of these 16 Gold albums , six eventually went Platinum by reaching sales of one million copies . In 1999 , sales figures totaled five million for his first holiday LP , Merry Christmas , and three million for Johnny 's Greatest Hits , a 1958 collection that has been described as the `` original greatest-hits package '' and once held the record for most weeks on Billboard magazine 's album chart with a total of 490 ( three of which were spent at number one ) . His second longest album chart run was the 295 weeks belonging to his Platinum 1959 album Heavenly , which gave him five weeks in the top spot . In a ranking of the top album artists of the last half of the 1950s in terms of Billboard chart performance , he comes in at number two , for the 1960s , number 10 , and for the period from 1955 to 2009 he is at number six . The recurring appearance of Mathis holiday releases on the various album charts in Billboard began with 1958 's Merry Christmas , which peaked at number three during the four weeks it spent that holiday season on the magazine 's biggest album chart ( now known as the Billboard 200 ) and returned to place at various positions within the top 40 slots there for the next four years . When the magazine first had a separate chart for Christmas albums from 1963 to 1973 , Merry Christmas ranked somewhere in the top 10 on it for another seven years , and on the Top Pop Catalog chart that was created for older titles , it had eight return appearances during the 1990s . His Sounds of Christmas LP spent two weeks at number two on the Christmas Albums chart upon its 1963 release and re-charted for the next five years , and 1969 's Give Me Your Love for Christmas reached number one there during its first of several annual chart showings before achieving Platinum certification . Other notable holiday projects include Home for Christmas , a 1990 home video special that went platinum , and Sending You a Little Christmas , a 2013 release that earned him a Grammy nomination in the category of Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album . Mathis also recorded 43 songs that reached Billboard magazine 's Hot 100 chart in the United States and another nine that `` bubbled under '' the Hot 100 . Six of these 52 recordings made the top 10 , including 1957 's `` Chances Are '' and the 1978 Deniece Williams duet , `` Too Much , Too Little , Too Late '' , which each spent a week at number one , and 32 of them are also on the list of 50 entries that Mathis had on the magazine 's Easy Listening chart , which was started in 1961 . 19 of those 50 songs made the top 10 on that list , and two of them ( `` I 'm Coming Home '' and `` Too Much , Too Little , Too Late '' ) went on to number one . The Williams duet also spent four weeks at number one on the magazine 's R&B chart and was certified Gold after selling one million copies . In the UK Mathis spent three weeks at number one on the singles chart in 1976 with `` When a Child Is Born '' and had two compilations reached the top spot on the albums chart : 1977 's The Mathis Collection and 1980 's Tears and Laughter . `` Too Much , Too Little , Too Late '' and `` When a Child Is Born '' both achieved Silver certification for singles by the British Phonographic Industry for sales of 250,000 units in the UK , and the latter eventually reached the 500,000 mark to earn Gold certification . 16 of his LPs met the 60,000 album sales mark in the UK to be certified Silver , with eight of those going on to sell 100,000 copies for Gold certification and one of those eight ( The Johnny Mathis Collection , 1976 ) making it to the 300,000 total necessary for the Platinum award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eebc0d8e5d0f35a6c868aead0f88acc8", "text": "List of most streamed songs in the United Kingdom In June 2014 , the Official Charts Company ( OCC ) started including audio streams in the official UK Singles Chart , recognising their importance as an indicator of current popular trends and tastes in music . From this point onward , the popularity of a single or album track can be measured by both sales ( which include paid downloads ) and streams on officially recognised subscription and ad-funded on-demand services . Although the OCC added these figures to the chart in July 2014 , they started compiling them in May 2012 through the Official Audio Streaming Chart . They are taken from on-demand audio streaming services such as Spotify , Apple Music , Google Play Music , Deezer and Tidal , all of which are members of the Entertainment Retailers Association ( ERA ) . As of December 2016 , the most streamed song in the UK was `` One Dance '' by Drake , with over 142 million streams . In June 2016 , `` Sorry '' by Justin Bieber became the first song to pass 100 million streams . By September 2016 , it had been joined by two other Bieber songs : `` Love Yourself '' and `` What Do You Mean ? '' as well as `` One Dance '' ( the first song to achieve 100 million streams in a calendar year ) . The song with the most streams in one week is `` Shape of You '' by Ed Sheeran in chart week ending 16 March 2017 with 14.2 million , beating its own previous best of 13.4 million in week ending 19 January 2017 . `` Castle on the Hill '' also by Sheeran is the only other song to get more than 10 million streams in a week with 11.07 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d045a21f1c0a7fd5a0dbc94f5d3be4f", "text": "Dance/Electronic Digital Songs Dance/Electronic Digital Songs is a weekly chart that ranks the best-selling digital dance and electronic singles in the United States , according to Billboard . Although it originally started tracking singles the week of January 2 , 2010 , it did not become an official chart until the issue dated April 3 , 2010 . The Dance/Electronic Digital Songs chart tracks the 50 most popular downloaded dance music singles , including tracks that are exclusively available online only . This chart also includes previously released dance and disco songs that became available for downloading , which means that songs like `` You Spin Me Round ( Like a Record ) '' by Dead or Alive are eligible to chart . On January 17 , 2013 , Billboard added a new chart , Dance/Electronic Songs , which tracks the 50 most popular Dance and Electronic singles and tracks based on club play , single sales , radio airplay , digital downloads , and online streaming . As such , this chart serves as the main component for the Dance Club Songs , Dance/Mix Show Airplay , Dance Single Sales , and Dance/Electronic Digital Songs charts . The chart 's first number one was `` Bad Romance '' by Lady Gaga in the January 23 , 2010 issue and Gaga 's songs spent so far ( as December , 2014 ) a total of 1025 weeks on the chart . The chart 's longest running number-one is `` Bulletproof '' by La Roux , reigning at the lead position for 18 consecutive weeks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7cae59001700bc7ac55a240ff5cc882", "text": "Jonas Brothers discography The Jonas Brothers have released four studio albums , three extended plays , three live albums , four soundtrack albums , seventeen singles , seven promotional singles , nineteen music videos and other album appearances . The band released four albums : It 's About Time ( 2006 ) , Jonas Brothers ( 2007 ) , A Little Bit Longer ( 2008 ) , and Lines , Vines and Trying Times ( 2009 ) . In 2008 , the group was nominated for the Best New Artist award at the 51st Grammy Awards and won the award for Breakthrough Artist at the American Music Awards . As of May 2009 , before the release of Lines , Vines and Trying Times , they have sold over eight million albums worldwide . After a hiatus during 2010 and 2011 to pursue solo-projects , the group reconciled in 2012 to record a new album , which was cancelled following their break-up on October 29 , 2013 . They have sold over 17 million albums worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24b75f16b0a0d5914a741ec458c4d32d", "text": "Joel Whitburn Joel Carver Whitburn ( born November 29 , 1939 ) is an American author and music historian . Whitburn founded Record Research Inc. in Menomonee Falls , Wisconsin , in 1970 and put together a team of researchers to examine in detail all of Billboards music and video charts . Record Research publishes reference books based on data from the various popular music charts and to date has published over 200 books , 50 of which are currently in the Record Research catalogue . His flagship publication is Top Pop Singles , which covers the history of Billboards popular music charts . Featuring each recording 's peak position , date charted , weeks charted , label and information , and trivia on recordings and artists , Whitburn 's books are used extensively by the entertainment industry ( especially radio DJs ) and music fans worldwide . His research extends from 1890 to the present and covers many genres . Whitburn is also the author of the series Top 40 Hits , published by Billboard Books . Most recently published was the ninth edition of The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits 1955 -- 2009 , published in 2010 . In 2014 Paul Haney of Record Research reported , `` there are no plans for a 10th edition and I doubt there will ever be one '' . The 1955 -- 2015 edition of Top Pop Singles has been released , according to the company 's website . Whitburn is an avid collector of phonograph records , with one of the world 's largest collections in his underground vault . His collection includes a copy of nearly every 78-rpm record , 45-rpm single , LP , and compact disc to reach the Billboard charts . In collaboration with Rhino Records , Whitburn has produced over 150 CD compilations , which are typically compiled according to their Billboard chart performance . Whitburn 's Record Research is Billboard 's longest-running licensee , with a relationship extending over 40 years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a45f323f8518e9c4a8183f9539e0cec0", "text": "Nobody Does It Better (album) Nobody Does It Better is the debut studio album by American R&B singer Gina Thompson . It was released through Mercury Records on August 13 , 1996 . The album was led by the hit single , `` The Things That You Do '' . The `` Bad Boy Remix '' , featuring Missy Elliott , version of the song was released as the official lead single . The song peaked at 41 on the Billboard Hot 100 and at 12 on the Billboard Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs . The debut album failed to enter the Billboard 200 , but managed to peak at 36 on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop albums . In 1998 , the album was certified Platinum by the RIAA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5001d80535198c074cbecaa43c559d23", "text": "2011 in British music charts This is a summary of the year 2011 in British music . The average number one single sale is 104,395 . The average sales continue to rise from 2007 . The average number one album sale is 105,686 , this is an improvement from average sales for albums seen in recent years , largely due to the success of Adele 's album 21 , which sold in excess of 114,000 copies in each of its first eleven weeks at # 1 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4", "text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5838085bd1828dfb25bc10028b0083ca", "text": "Biffy Clyro Biffy Clyro are a Scottish rock band that formed in Kilmarnock , East Ayrshire , composed of Simon Neil ( guitar , lead vocals ) , James Johnston ( bass , vocals ) and Ben Johnston ( drums , vocals ) . Currently signed to 14th Floor Records , they have released seven studio albums , four of which ( Puzzle , Only Revolutions , Opposites and Ellipsis ) reached the top five in the UK Albums Chart , with their sixth studio album , Opposites claiming their first UK number-one album . After their first three albums , the band expanded their following significantly in 2007 with the release of their fourth , Puzzle , creating more mainstream songs with simpler rhythms and distancing themselves from the more unusual dissonant style that was present in their previous three albums . Puzzle peaked at number 2 on the official UK album charts on 16 June 2007 . The album went Gold in the UK , selling over 100,000 units , and later in 2012 went Platinum in the UK , having sold over 300,000 copies . The band released Only Revolutions in 2009 which reached No. 3 in the UK chart and went gold within days of its release in 2009 , going platinum later in 2010 and receiving a Mercury Music Prize nomination . Only Revolutions included the UK hit singles `` Mountains '' , `` That Golden Rule '' and `` Many of Horror '' all of which reached the UK Top Ten . The latter reached number eight on the UK Singles Chart after The X Factor 2010 winner , Matt Cardle covered the song , and became the UK number one Christmas single for the year 2010 . In 2011 the band was nominated for the Brit Awards for Best British Group . At the 2013 NME Awards , they received the award for Best British Band . On 25 August 2013 Biffy Clyro headlined the main stage at Leeds & Reading Festival . Based on their album and single certifications , the band have sold in excess of 1,240,000 albums and 400,000 singles in the UK alone . As of 2016 , in total , the band have spent 155 weeks in the top seventy-five of the UK Album Charts , with two of those weeks being at the top position at number one and seventy weeks within the main top forty of the albums charts . The band 's singles have spent a total of seventy-nine weeks in the UK Singles Charts , with six weeks in the top ten and forty-two in the top forty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac944516232c8f3f2601e6308b72be58", "text": "Records and achievements of Madonna American singer Madonna , throughout her career , spanning three decades , has obtained a remarkable series of statistical achievements , setting and breaking several world records with her participation in entrepreneurial activities , of acting and her performance in the musical scene for her videos , singles , albums , and tours . Her first appearance in the Guinness Book of World Records was in 1986 with her third studio album , True Blue . Since then , she has earned multiple appearances , some 20 at least in February 2012 , including her insigne record title as the top-selling female recording artist of all time . Madonna 's commerciality has achieved scrutiny studies and analysis from different point of view in the academia world or by marketers , through her marketing strategies , controversies and reinvention , surpassing to others new or contemporary artists . In popular culture , many international artists have been called `` Madonna '' , many times , by their impact and success in their respective countries or genres . Also , her presence in popular culture , has been led to create world records about Madonna . Dubbed as the most successful and most influential female artist of all time , Madonna 's music is defined in several occasions , for changing contemporary music history for women 's , mainly rock , dance and pop scene .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d84ed9b8810524aa6b8971065a6fe85a", "text": "1991 NBA Finals The 1991 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1990 -- 91 NBA season . It was also the first NBA Finals broadcast by NBC after 17 years with CBS . The documentary `` Learning to Fly , '' narrated by Jeff Kaye , recaps Chicago 's successful first championship season . The theme song is `` Learning to Fly '' by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers . The Chicago Bulls of the Eastern Conference took on the Los Angeles Lakers of the Western Conference for the title , with Chicago having home court advantage . It was Michael Jordan 's first NBA Finals appearance , Magic Johnson 's last , and the last NBA Finals for the Lakers until 2000 . The Bulls would win the series , 4-1 . Jordan averaged 31.2 points on 56 % shooting , 11.4 assists , 6.6 rebounds , 2.8 steals and 1.4 blocks en route to his first NBA Finals MVP Award . The series was not the first time that the Bulls and Lakers faced off in the playoffs . Prior to 1991 , they met for four postseason series ( 1968 , 1971 , 1972 and 1973 ) , all Lakers victories . Chicago was a member of the Western Conference at the time and moved into the East in 1981 . The 1991 Finals marked the first time the Bulls defeated the Lakers in a playoff series . This series would mark the end of the Lakers Showtime era and the beginning of the Bulls ' dynasty . After winning five championships in eight finals appearances in the 1980s , the Lakers would struggle for the rest of the 1990s before winning five championships between the 1999-2000 and 2009-10 seasons . The 1991 Lakers were led by Johnson , already in his thirties , playing in his last full year , as was fellow All-Star teammate James Worthy ; Kareem Abdul-Jabbar had retired two seasons earlier . The Bulls , led by NBA MVP Michael Jordan and superstar small forward Scottie Pippen , would win five more championships after 1991 in a seven-year span , cementing their status as a dynasty before struggling badly in a post-MJ era that saw them take several years to even become average . When it was all said and done , Michael Jordan became only the third man in NBA history ( after George Mikan and Abdul-Jabbar ) to capture the scoring title and the NBA Finals Championship in the same season . Until 2015 , the Bulls were the last team to win an NBA championship despite fielding a full roster lacking in championship or Finals experience . None of the Bulls players had logged even a minute of NBA Finals experience prior to this .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f28108ed07c2cabcb706d4bcbf2266f1", "text": "1991 Calder Cup playoffs The 1991 Calder Cup playoffs of the American Hockey League began on April 2 , 1991 . Ten teams , five from each division , qualified for the playoffs . The top three teams in each division received a bye for the preliminary round while the fourth - and fifth-placed teams in each division played a two-game series with the winners advancing to the Division Semifinals ; if each team won one game , the series winner was decided in sudden-death `` super overtime '' immediately following Game 2 . The eight remaining teams then played best-of-seven series for Division Semifinals and Division Finals . The division champions played a best-of-seven series for the Calder Cup . The Calder Cup Final ended on May 24 , 1991 , with the Springfield Indians defeating the Rochester Americans four games to two to win the Calder Cup for the second consecutive year , and the seventh and final time in team history . This was a rematch of the 1990 Calder Cup Final where Springfield defeated Rochester four games to two . Similarly , a Springfield goaltender -- this time Kay Whitmore -- won the Jack A. Butterfield Trophy as the MVP of the playoffs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0be58a585e4507649d469c217ea3e6f", "text": "2002 NBA Finals The 2002 NBA Finals was the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) 's championship series for the 2001 -- 02 season . The best-of-seven playoff was contested between the Western Conference champion Los Angeles Lakers ( who were also two-time defending NBA champions ) , and the Eastern Conference champion New Jersey Nets . The Lakers swept the Nets four games to none to win the franchise 's 14th NBA championship . The 56th edition of the championship series was played between June 5 and June 12 and was broadcast on NBC -- the ( to date ) last NBA games broadcast on the network . Shaquille O'Neal , who averaged 36 points and 12 rebounds in the Finals , was named the NBA Finals Most Valuable Player . Lakers coach Phil Jackson won his ninth ring , tying him with Red Auerbach for most all-time . During the series , he surpassed Pat Riley for most career playoffs wins with 156 . Will Lyman narrated the season-ending documentary for NBA Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0df865e1d8fe6a71aec42be6da1d07e5", "text": "1990–91 Washington Bullets season The 1990 -- 91 NBA season was the Bullets ' 30th season in the National Basketball Association . In the offseason , the Bullets acquired second-year forward Pervis Ellison from the Sacramento Kings . Bernard King provided a great story as he came all the way back from knee surgery he suffered while playing for the New York Knicks in 1985 , to finish third in the league in scoring with 28.4 points per game . He was also selected for the 1991 NBA All-Star Game . However , with a nine-game losing streak between February and March , the Bullets struggles continued as they finished fourth in the Atlantic Division with a 30 -- 52 record . Harvey Grant showed improvement averaging 18.2 points per game , and finished second in Most Improved Player voting behind Scott Skiles of the Orlando Magic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f91a9deb031b34b3fd4b4dbe235b492", "text": "1994–95 Cleveland Cavaliers season The 1994 -- 95 NBA season was the 25th season of the National Basketball Association for the franchise based in Cleveland , Ohio . This was also the team 's first season playing at the Gund Arena . During the offseason , the Cavaliers signed unrestricted free agent Michael Cage . Despite losing Brad Daugherty and Gerald Wilkins for the entire season , and Mark Price for 34 games due to injuries , the Cavaliers posted an 11-game winning streak in December which led them to a 20 -- 8 start . However , they played below .500 for the remainder of the season , finishing 4th in the Central Division with a 43 -- 39 record . Tyrone Hill was the team 's leading rebounder and was selected for the 1995 NBA All-Star Game . However , the Cavaliers would lose to the New York Knicks 3 -- 1 in the first round of the playoffs . Following the season , Price was traded to the Washington Bullets , Hot Rod Williams was dealt to the Phoenix Suns , and Wilkins left in the 1995 NBA Expansion Draft . For the season the team added black , light blue and orange to their color scheme , as well as new uniforms and a logo , which would remain in use until 2003 . Although , the uniforms were slightly changed in 1997 . Key Dates :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b4ee2a6febc9b0067998b1e58828db9", "text": "2001–02 Los Angeles Lakers season The 2001 -- 02 NBA season was the Lakers ' 54th season in the National Basketball Association , and 42nd in the city of Los Angeles . During the offseason , the Lakers signed All-Star guard Mitch Richmond and free agent Samaki Walker , while acquiring Lindsey Hunter from the Milwaukee Bucks . The team got off to a fast start winning 16 of their first 17 games , and finished second in the Pacific Division with a 58 -- 24 record . Kobe Bryant and Shaquille O'Neal were both selected for the 2002 NBA All-Star Game in which Bryant won MVP honors , but O'Neal did not participate in the All-Star game due to an injury . After sweeping the Portland Trail Blazers 3 -- 0 in the first round of the playoffs , then defeating the San Antonio Spurs 4 -- 1 in the semifinals , the Lakers where pushed to the brink once more in the Western Conference Finals by their archrivals the Sacramento Kings , who they narrowly defeated in a deciding seventh game . They then went on to win the NBA Finals , defeating and sweeping the New Jersey Nets in four straight games for their second three-peat in franchise history , the first since 1952 -- 54 . Following the season , Richmond retired and Hunter was traded to the Toronto Raptors . This would be the third and final consecutive NBA Championship the Lakers won in the early 2000s , as in the next season , their quest for a fourth consecutive NBA Championship ended with a playoff elimination by the San Antonio Spurs in six games in the semifinals , who would then go on to win the NBA Finals that season and their second NBA Championship . Although the Lakers returned to the Finals in 2004 , the Lakers would lose to the Detroit Pistons in five games , despite being the heavy favorites to win and having former All-Stars and veterans Gary Payton and Karl Malone , leading to O'Neal 's departure from the Lakers amidst boiling points between the Lakers staff and management and Kobe Bryant , culminating in his trade to the Miami Heat , ending the early 2000s Lakers dynasty . The Lakers would not win another title until 2009 , in which they defeated the Orlando Magic in five games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e48427c3eb829098e06ac4376a51684", "text": "1998 NBA Finals The 1998 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1998 playoffs of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) and the conclusion of the 1997 -- 98 NBA season . The Eastern Conference champion Chicago Bulls played against the Western Conference champion Utah Jazz , with the Jazz holding home-court advantage with the first 2 games in Salt Lake City . In a repeat of the previous year 's Finals , the Bulls won the series 4 games to 2 for their third consecutive NBA title and their sixth in eight seasons . Michael Jordan was voted the NBA Finals MVP of the series ( he also had won the award the last five times the Bulls won the Finals : 1991 , 1992 , 1993 , 1996 , and 1997 ) . This would be his sixth NBA championship and sixth Finals MVP award in six full basketball seasons . Until 2014 , it was the last consecutive Finals rematch between two teams . The 1998 Finals garnered the highest Nielsen TV ratings in NBA history at 18.7 , and even surpassed the Nielsen ratings for the 1998 World Series , marking the first time the NBA had a higher rating in its championship round than of Major League Baseball 's championship round . The 1998 NBA season documentary `` Unforgettabulls '' was the first of five narrated by Will Lyman through NBA Entertainment , which recaps the entire Bulls ' season . Rick Telander narrates on the opening credits . Marv Albert narrates the timeline of Michael Jordan 's career with the Bulls .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27578c23ad874e2d102389be17dca9b2", "text": "Bradford Bulls Bradford Bulls R.L.F.C. are a professional rugby league club in Bradford , West Yorkshire , England , which currently plays in the Championship . They have won the Challenge Cup five times , the league championship six times and the World Club Challenge three times . Bradford play their home games at Odsal Stadium . The team jersey is white with red , amber and black chevrons . In 1907 , founder member of the Rugby Football League ( RFL ) Bradford F.C. switched codes to association football , and Bradford Northern ( later Bradford Bulls ) was formed by members who wished to continue rugby . Bradford Northern were renamed Bradford Bulls in 1996 , at the start of Super League . Bradford 's main rivalry was with Leeds ; they also had rivalries with Huddersfield and Halifax . The club entered administration in 2012 , and again in 2014 and 2016 . Despite several bids to take over the club , none of the bids were accepted by the administrators and on 3 January 2017 the club went into liquidation . Immediately the RFL announced the criteria and invited bids to form a `` new club '' , which ultimately acted as an immediate resurrection of the Bulls which retained the history , club colours , badge , home stadium and a several players from the 2016 squad . Due to the administration and liquidation , the club started the 2017 season with a 12-point deduction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aacca4e7b02aa71780a258c359e9d875", "text": "2007–08 Chicago Bulls season The 2007 -- 08 Chicago Bulls season was the 42nd season of NBA basketball in Chicago . Key dates : June 28 : The 2007 NBA draft took place in New York City . July 11 : The free agent signing period started . October 31 : The Bulls ' first game of the season against the New Jersey Nets . December 24 : Scott Skiles was relieved of his duties as the Bulls ' head coach . December 27 : Jim Boylan was named the Bulls ' interim head coach for the rest of the season . February 21 : The Bulls were involved in a three-team trade with the Cleveland Cavaliers and the Seattle SuperSonics that saw Ben Wallace , Joe Smith & Adrian Griffin traded in exchange for four players that included Larry Hughes and Drew Gooden . April 16 : The Bulls season officially ended with a win against the Raptors . They finished with just 33 wins after being touted as a contender in the Eastern Conference . April 17 : The Bulls fired interim coach Boylan after a season in which GM John Paxson described as '' disappointing '' and '' disturbing '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d31104d034746e54347ac1b6dbe7b538", "text": "1947 BAA Playoffs The 1947 BAA Playoffs was the postseason tournament that followed the inaugural Basketball Association of America 1946 -- 47 season . ( After its 1948 -- 49 season , the BAA merged with the older National Basketball League to create the National Basketball Association or NBA . ) The tournament concluded with the Philadelphia Warriors defeating the Chicago Stags , 4 games to 1 , in the BAA Finals . The six qualified teams all began tournament play on Wednesday , April 2 , and the Finals concluded on Tuesday , April 22 . Philadelphia and Chicago played 10 and 11 games in the span of 21 days but their final series was compact , five games in seven days .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d5126025161a7be3dc32cea29282b37", "text": "1990–91 Chicago Blackhawks season The 1990 -- 91 Chicago Blackhawks season was the team 's 65th season . After making the Conference Finals two years in a row , the Blackhawks were hosts for one of the most emotional NHL All-Star Game games in history , and finished with 106 points winning the NHL Presidents ' Trophy for best record in the league . The Hawks received terrific performances from Steve Larmer , Jeremy Roenick , Chris Chelios , Dirk Graham and rookie Ed Belfour . Hockey it seemed was back in Chicago , and dreams of the first Stanley Cup since Hull and Mikita were rampant . However the playoffs matched the Hawks with their old rivals , the Minnesota North Stars , who crushed their dreams with a defeat in the first round of the 1991 Stanley Cup Playoffs - four games to two . 90-91 represented the peak of the Blackhawks between the Hull/Mikita years and the Toews/Kane years , and is probably the best Blackhawks team never to win the Stanley Cup .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e9601a775b8884761340517e90297e2", "text": "1983 NBA Finals The 1983 NBA Finals , also known as Showdown ' 83 , was the championship round of the 1982 -- 83 NBA season . It was the last NBA Championship Series completed before June 1 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd238805e74f5469e408397964033097", "text": "1998–99 Miami Heat season The 1998 -- 99 NBA season was the 11th season for the Miami Heat in the National Basketball Association . During the offseason , the Heat signed free agents Terry Porter and Clarence Weatherspoon . In the shortened NBA season , the Heat won 18 of their first 23 games , despite Jamal Mashburn playing just 24 games due to a knee injury , and Voshon Lenard missing 38 games with a broken leg . Miami finished with a 33 -- 17 win-loss record , which earned them the # 1 seed in the Eastern Conference . Alonzo Mourning was named Defensive Player of the Year , and finished second in MVP voting behind Karl Malone of the Utah Jazz . In the playoffs , the Heat faced the New York Knicks for the third consecutive time . The 8th-seeded Knicks defeated the Heat in the Eastern Conference First round , with Allan Houston of New York hitting a buzzer-beater basket in the winner-take-all Game 5 , which prevailed the Knicks over Miami , 78 -- 77 . This was also their final full season playing at the Miami Arena . Following the season , Porter signed as a free agent with the San Antonio Spurs , and longtime Heat forward Keith Askins retired .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6795c0719f05820ac781bd8b8adfc40", "text": "2011–12 New York Knicks season The 2011 -- 12 New York Knicks season was the 66th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . The Knicks finished the regular season with a 36 -- 30 record and a seventh place in the Eastern Conference to reach the 2012 NBA Playoffs where they lost in the first round against the Miami Heat in five games . Notable events of the season included coach Mike D'Antoni 's resignation , the surge in popularity of 23-year-old point guard Jeremy Lin during a seven-game winning streak ( Linsanity ) , and the Knicks winning their first playoff game since 2001 against the Miami Heat , snapping an NBA-record 13-game playoff losing streak .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50d95a31b38c3e4d54193f42dc4d7066", "text": "1991 Cleveland Indians season", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd90b0a1eff5d739cfbf5b1d8c640032", "text": "2006–07 Miami Heat season The 2006 -- 07 Miami Heat season was the 19th season of the Miami Heat in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . Despite injuries to several players , including Dwyane Wade , the Heat repeated as Southeast division champions . With a record of 44 -- 38 , it was clear that the Heat was not the same team of years past . The Heat ended the season with a four-game playoff sweep to the Chicago Bulls in the first round . Following the season , Gary Payton retired .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "78a278c05995841a45dc5165150ee47b", "text": "1994 NBA Finals The 1994 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1993 -- 94 National Basketball Association ( NBA ) season , featuring the Western Conference 's Houston Rockets defeating the Eastern Conference 's New York Knicks . This matchup was Hakeem Olajuwon 's second NBA Finals appearance , his other being in 1986 , where Larry Bird and the Boston Celtics defeated the Houston Rockets four games to two . The series was Patrick Ewing 's first NBA Finals appearance . The Rockets came in with strong determination to win not only the franchise 's first NBA championship , but the city 's first championship in a league that still existed , while the Knicks were looking to add a third NBA championship trophy , as the Knicks ' last trophy came from the 1973 NBA Finals . The Knicks also hoped to impress their new owners Viacom , who had just bought Paramount Communications ( formerly Gulf + Western ) , their longtime owners ( after the series however , Viacom sold the Knicks and the rest of the Madison Square Garden properties ) . The series was hailed as a meeting of the two great centers who had previously played for a championship in college . In 1984 while Olajuwon was with the University of Houston and Ewing was with Georgetown University , Georgetown had beaten Houston 84 -- 75 in the 1984 NCAA Championship game . In this series , however , Olajuwon outperformed Ewing , outscoring him in every game of the series and posting numbers of 26.9 ppg on 50.0 % shooting compared to Ewing 's 18.9 ppg on 36.3 % shooting . However , Ewing set an NBA finals record in the series with a total of 30 blocks , and he tied the single-game record of 8 blocks in Game 5 . Tim Duncan would later set the record for most blocks in a Finals series ( 2003 ) with 32 blocks in six games while Dwight Howard would set the record for most blocked shots in a Finals game with 9 blocked shots in Game 4 of the 2009 Finals while with the Orlando Magic . During the series , the Houston Rockets played seven low-scoring , defensive games against the New York Knicks . After splitting the first two games in Houston , the Knicks won two out of three games at Madison Square Garden , which also hosted the Rangers first Stanley Cup celebration in 54 years during the series . In Game 6 , however , Rockets center Hakeem Olajuwon blocked a last-second championship-winning shot attempt by John Starks , giving the Rockets an 86 -- 84 victory and forcing a Game 7 , which made Knicks Coach Pat Riley the first ( and to this date , the only ) coach in a Game 7 NBA Finals on two different teams , having been with the Los Angeles Lakers in and . In addition , the Knicks set a record for most playoff games played in one season , with 25 . The Detroit Pistons tied this record in . The Boston Celtics , coached by Doc Rivers , would surpass it during their championship season of 2008 when they played 26 . The Rockets beat the Knicks in Game 7 , 90 -- 84 , enabling the city of Houston to not only celebrate its first NBA and fifth professional sports championship ( first in an existing league ) , but also deny New York from having both NBA and NHL championships in the same year ( Chicago had suffered this fate in 1992 , with the Bulls winning their second NBA championship and the Blackhawks losing in the Stanley Cup Finals ) . For his efforts Olajuwon was named NBA Finals Most Valuable Player . For the Knicks , Riley had the unfortunate distinction of having become the first ( and to this date , the only ) coach to lose a Game 7 NBA Finals on two different teams , having lost to the Celtics in 1984 . It also denied him the distinction of being the first coach to win a Game 7 NBA Finals with two different teams , having defeated the Detroit Pistons in 1988 . NBC Sports used Ahmad Rashād ( Knicks sideline ) and Hannah Storm ( Rockets sideline ) . Hal Douglas narrated the season-ending documentary Clutch City for NBA Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ea0570cd3e9957a8489ae4e4426f307", "text": "1989–90 New York Knicks season The 1989 -- 90 NBA season was the 44th season for the New York Knicks in the National Basketball Association . Before the season , owners Gulf + Western reorganized and became Paramount Communications , renaming themselves after the Paramount Pictures film studio . During the offseason , the Knicks hired Stu Jackson as their new head coach . The team got off to a solid start , winning 20 of their first 27 games , while posting a nine-game winning streak . At midseason , the Knicks traded second-year guard Rod Strickland to the San Antonio Spurs for Maurice Cheeks . However , as they stood at a 39 -- 22 record , they struggled and lost 15 of their final 21 games . The Knicks had a 45 -- 37 record and finished third in the Atlantic Division . The Knicks ' fifth-place finish in the Eastern Conference earned them a berth in the NBA Playoffs for the third straight year . Patrick Ewing was selected for the 1990 NBA All-Star Game . In the first round of the playoffs , New York defeated the 4th-seeded Boston Celtics three games to two , after overcoming an 0 -- 2 deficit . The Knicks were then eliminated in the conference semifinals by the Detroit Pistons , who later on won their second consecutive NBA title , four games to one over the Portland Trail Blazers . Following the season , Johnny Newman signed as an unrestricted free agent with the Charlotte Hornets .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d5eee3e4d077f9ec205ef09cb6d5b71", "text": "1993–94 Utah Jazz season The 1993 -- 94 NBA season was the Jazz 's 20th season in the National Basketball Association , and 15th season in Salt Lake City , Utah . During the offseason , the Jazz signed unrestricted free agent All-Star forward Tom Chambers , and acquired Felton Spencer from the Minnesota Timberwolves . John Stockton led the league in assists for the seventh straight season , as Karl Malone joined the list in all-time points scored topping the 19,000 point mark . Both were selected for the 1994 NBA All-Star Game . At midseason , the Jazz traded Jeff Malone to the Philadelphia 76ers for Jeff Hornacek . With the addition of Hornacek , the Jazz went on to win ten consecutive games between February and March . They won nine of their final eleven games finishing third in the Midwest Division with a 53 -- 29 record . In the first round of the playoffs , the Jazz defeated the 4th-seeded San Antonio Spurs after losing Game 1 . In the semifinals , they took a 3 -- 0 series lead over the 8th-seeded Denver Nuggets . However , the Jazz would lose the next three games to the Nuggets , then finally win Game 7 and advance to the next round . In the Western Conference Finals , they lost five games to the Houston Rockets . Following the season , Tyrone Corbin was traded to the Atlanta Hawks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "baf1685cf375936b74dd82de71f7b776", "text": "1992–93 Atlanta Hawks season The 1992 -- 93 NBA season was the Hawks ' 44th season in the National Basketball Association , and 25th season in Atlanta . Prior to the start of the season , the Hawks acquired point guard Mookie Blaylock from the New Jersey Nets . After losing their season opener at home to the New York Knicks 106 -- 94 , the Hawks would defeat the defending champion Chicago Bulls on the road , 100 -- 99 at the Chicago Stadium on November 7 . However , they got off to a rough start losing five of their first seven games , which led them to a mediocre 12 -- 17 start in early January . With a 26 -- 31 record , they would win 12 of their next 13 games while posting a 12 -- 3 record in March , on their way to finishing fourth in the Central Division with a 43 -- 39 record . Dominique Wilkins surpassed Bob Pettit as the Hawks all-time scoring leader , finishing second in the league in scoring averaging 29.9 points per game . He was named to the All-NBA Second Team and selected for the 1993 NBA All-Star Game . However , in the first round of the playoffs , the Hawks would be swept by the Bulls in three straight games . Following the season , head coach Bob Weiss was fired . For the season , the Hawks changed their uniforms which lasted until 1995 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32d6b488729701e7b53fc68263816a03", "text": "Three-peat Three-peat is a term used primarily in American sports to refer to winning three consecutive championships . The term , a portmanteau of the words three and repeat , originated with the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association , during their unsuccessful campaign for a third consecutive championship during the 1988 -- 89 season , having won the previous 2 NBA Finals in 1987 and 1988 against the Boston Celtics and Detroit Pistons , but were swept by the Pistons in the 1989 NBA Finals . The term is a registered trademark owned by Hardo Beers , the Lakers ' Hardo strength coach from 1981 -- 1990 , although it was coined by L.A. player Byron Scott immediately after their victorious championship defense against the Detroit Pistons in the 1988 NBA Finals .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "3c6851fe90972ee7ac4d36f4be88a8b3", "text": "The Messenger (2009 film) The Messenger is a 2009 war drama film starring Ben Foster , Woody Harrelson , Samantha Morton , Steve Buscemi , and Jena Malone . It is the directorial debut of Oren Moverman , who also wrote the screenplay with Alessandro Camon . The film premiered at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival and was in competition at the 59th Berlin International Film Festival where it won the Silver Bear for Best Screenplay and the Berlinale Peace Film Award ' 09 . The film received first prize for the 2009 Deauville American Film Festival . The film has also received four Independent Spirit Award nominations ( including one win ) , a Golden Globe nomination , and two Academy Award nominations .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "05b0888857933e884ebec4a446af2c07", "text": "Pizza delivery Pizza delivery is a service in which a pizzeria or pizza chain delivers a pizza to a customer . An order is typically made either by telephone or over the internet to the pizza chain , in which the customer can request pizza type , size and other products alongside the pizza , commonly including soft drinks . Pizzas may be delivered in pizza boxes or delivery bags , and deliveries are made with either an automobile , motor scooter , or bicycle . Customers can , depending on the pizza chain , choose to pay online , or in person , with cash , credit or a debit card . A delivery fee is often charged with what the customer has bought .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "efabf8ff96a5512bd2e0d5c817530562", "text": "Old London Inc. Old London Inc. was the name of a proposed group of eating establishments begun by restaurant pioneer William Childs . Child 's was deposed in 1929 as the head of the $ 37,000,000 Childs Restaurant chain . A 1930s undertaking , Childs ' business eventually lost momentum during the Great Depression . It is significant because its founder was one of two brothers who began Childs Restaurants approximately four decades earlier . On April 29 , 1930 , he opened a restaurant at Broadway and 102nd Street . Old Algiers , the first establishment , was a dinery adaptation of an Algerian village . The new chain advertised itself as unstandardized in contrast to the standardized type of eateries begun by Childs and his brother , Samuel S. Childs , in the 1890s . William Childs planned additional units to be added at the rate of ten to twelve per year . Each was to have a theme patterned after an old world center , i.e. Old Normandy , Old Paris , France , and Old London , England . Located in the New York City metropolitan area , Childs ' three nephews , Ellsworth , William , and Wallace , served as vice-president , secretary , and treasurer , respectively . The second restaurant , Old London , was in a former Chase National Bank branch inside Bush Tower at 130 West 42nd St. , next to Times Square , where Childs leased the bottom two floors and basement in March 1931 . The restaurant business had officially been christened with the corporate name Old London Inc. , by this time . Architects Pruitt & Brown planned to extensively modify the space in `` old London style '' for an eatery with a seating capacity of 1,000 diners . The former bank counter would be utilized as a luncheonette service bar . Childs ' venture did not result in a chain as he had hoped . He operated the Old Mill Inn , near his family farm in Basking Ridge , New Jersey , prior to his death on May 22 , 1938 . He died in Somerset County , New Jersey , Bernardsville , New Jersey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5427cd842f880aabaadc46d6d269e76f", "text": "Tom's Restaurant Tom 's Restaurant is a diner located at 2880 Broadway ( on the corner of West 112th Street ) in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City . Frequented by students and faculty of nearby Columbia University , it has been owned and operated by the Greek-American family of Minas Zoulis since the 1940s . Tom 's Restaurant was the locale that inspired Suzanne Vega 's 1982 song `` Tom 's Diner . '' Later , its exterior was used as a stand-in for the fictional Monk 's Café in the television sitcom Seinfeld , where comedian Jerry Seinfeld 's eponymous character and his friends regularly gathered to eat . The interior shown on the television show , however , looked very little like the real `` Tom 's '' , as indoor scenes were filmed on a set in Los Angeles . Early Seinfeld episodes showed the entire neon sign ; later , the `` Tom 's '' portion was cropped out , showing only the `` RESTAURANT '' wraparound . Even though the interior and exterior have undergone minor remodeling since the show , the distinctive sign has remained the same . Tom 's is featured in Kramer 's Reality Tour conducted by Kenny Kramer . Senator John McCain often ate at Tom 's when he visited his daughter Meghan when she was a student at Columbia . Tom 's exterior has been seen on television before , in the 1978 The Bionic Woman episode `` Long Live the King '' at around the 27 minute mark of the DVD release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bfa79ba3c5fffefda8c46edb358ce00f", "text": "Café society Café society was the description of the `` Beautiful People '' and `` Bright Young Things '' who gathered in fashionable cafes and restaurants in New York , Paris , and London beginning in the late 19th century . Maury Henry Biddle Paul is credited with coining the phrase `` cafe society '' in 1915 . Lucius Beebe created the term `` chromium mist '' for the cafe society lifestyle he chronicled in his weekly column , `` This New York , '' for the New York Herald Tribune during the 1920s and 1930s . They attended each other 's private dinners and balls and took holidays in exotic locations or at elegant resorts . In the United States , café society came to the fore with the end of Prohibition in December 1933 and the rise of photojournalism , to describe the set of people who tended to do their entertaining semi-publicly , in restaurants and night clubs and who would include among them movie stars and sports celebrities . Some of the American night clubs and New York City restaurants frequented by the denizens of café society included El Morocco , the Stork Club , Restaurant Larue , and the 21 Club . A complete history of New York café society , illustrated with photographs by Jerome Zerbe , was published by McFarland Publishing in 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ffa71a2f389eed17e9fd3fdfd20995d", "text": "The Four Seasons Restaurant The Four Seasons was a New American cuisine restaurant in New York City located at 99 East 52nd Street , in the Seagram Building in Midtown Manhattan . The restaurant is owned by the Bronfman family , Alex von Bidder , and Julian Niccolini . Opened in 1959 , the Four Seasons is associated with a number of milestone firsts in the hospitality industry . The Four Seasons is credited with introducing the idea of seasonally-changing menus to America . It was the first destination restaurant to print its menus in English . The Four Seasons was also the first restaurant in the US to cook using fresh , wild mushrooms . In June 2015 , Aby Rosen , owner of the Seagram Building , announced that the restaurant 's lease would not be extended . A new location at 280 Park Avenue was selected and a lease was signed . The Seagram Building location closed after dinner service on July 16 , 2016 , and the Four Seasons will move to Park Avenue .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "348f105660fafa4d4ba91faa12125748", "text": "Dally Messenger III Dally Messenger III ( born 1938 ) is a civil celebrant , author , publisher , commentator , and a founder and chronicler of the civil celebrant movement which originated in Australia . He is the grandson of the Rugby Union and Rugby League footballer Dally Messenger , aka Herbert Henry `` Dally '' Messenger , whose nickname `` Dally '' has become his grandson 's given name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a205eb69e435136d5ef49e712bd6e02", "text": "Restaurant 9501 Restaurant 9501 is the executive dining restaurant of ABS-CBN Corporation , located on the 14th floor of the ELJ Communications Center in Diliman , Quezon City , The Philippines . It was conceptualized by award-winning Filipino chef Myrna Segismundo who acted as its managing director until 2015 . The name 9501 originated from the project name given to the ELJ Communications Center during its development and construction phase . It is owned and operated by TV Food Chefs , a subsidiary of ABS-CBN that also produces culinary TV shows , culinary magazines and books , and an annual culinary competition . It opened in 2001 exclusively to serve the executives of ABS-CBN and its guests . During this period , the restaurant did not charge its clients and instead relied on the budget allocated by ABS-CBN . The restaurant was later opened to all ABS-CBN employees and guests , while outside guests can also visit , by making reservations . Because its primary clients are company employees , the restaurant changes its menu from time to time . Restaurant 9501 is a popular venue for press conferences of local and international events due to its location in what is considered as the media capital of the Philippines .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76309863bc0c89e4547c4aaabf3d3422", "text": "Lakeboat Lakeboat is a semi-autobiographical play by David Mamet , written in 1970 and first produced in 1980 ( revised version ) . As he would later do with Glengarry Glen Ross , Mamet drew upon experiences from a past vocation to create high drama . In this case , he turned to his days as a cook aboard a cargo ship to frame this tale of Dale Katzman , a college student from an Ivy League school `` near Boston '' who takes a summer job as a cook in the galley of the T. Harrison , a lake freighter for a Chicago-based steel concern . Dale 's predecessor , Guigliani , endured a particularly violent end while on terra firma , the cause and nature of which is speculated by the other crew members . Dale , and the audience , gets to know each of them , including : Fireman , who reads voraciously when not `` watching the gauges '' ; Fred , who imparts his unique , politically incorrect philosophy regarding women on the young man ; and , especially , Joe Litko , a 23-year veteran of the seas , who sees much of himself in Dale . The dialogue is Mametspeak at its most raw , as secrets are shared , picayune matters are debated , and fantasies are laid out , vividly . The play 's world premiere was staged by the Milwaukee Repertory Theater on April 24 , 1980 ; subsequent major productions were mounted by the Long Wharf Theatre and the Goodman Theatre in 1982 . In 2000 , Mamet penned the screenplay for a film adaptation , which featured his half-brother Tony Mamet in the lead role of Dale . The ensemble cast also included Robert Forster as Joe Litko , Denis Leary as Fireman , and Jack Wallace , a veteran of Mamet productions , as Fred . Joe Mantegna , well-versed in the world of Mamet , made his directorial debut with the feature . The British Premiere of Lakeboat was at the Lyric Theatre , London in 1998 , and was directed by Aaron Mullen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac69ea4bf168680841aaab07114fc025", "text": "Tru (restaurant) Tru is a French restaurant located in the Streeterville neighborhood in Chicago . Tru was opened in 1999 by Rick Tramonto and Gale Gand with the backing of Rich Melman 's Lettuce Entertain You Enterprises . It was a Michelin one-star restaurant since the Chicago guidebook 's inception in 2011 ; in 2017 the restaurant was awarded two Michelin stars . Since 2008 , the Executive Chef is Anthony Martin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f95fda46d98148fb701579edd660cb95", "text": "ClickTheCity.com ClickTheCity.com is an online entertainment and lifestyle guide in the Philippines . It provides a companion mobile application . ClickTheCity started in 2000 as an online directory of restaurants , shops and movie schedules in Metro Manila . In 2009 , ClickTheCity launched a mobile application . The ClickTheCity Lifestyle App is available to iOS and Android phones . In November 2011 , ClickTheCity began a Mobile Ordering function allowing users to order from McDonald 's , Shakey 's and other Quick Delivery 's partner restaurants .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7027cdbb5e2c3f774586a207ae0be3af", "text": "Followap Followap was the leading provider and pioneer of mobile Messenger - Instant Messaging and Presence solutions to the mobile industry . It was founded in 1999 and managed by Dotan Volach and Ben Volach when mobile Internet was just born . By the time it was acquired , it had over 20 mobile operators many of them tier-ones , serving a combined user base of over 200 million subscribers . The company headquarters were in London , UK . Followap 's products enabled operators to establish advanced , interoperable mobile Messenger and presence-enhanced services , which were key for next-generation networks . Followap held numerous patents and was actively contributing to industry standardization efforts in forums including OMA , XMPP , IETF , 3GPP and the GSM Association . Followap cooperated with device manufacturers including Samsung , Nokia and LG . Followap has launched the first commercial mobile Messenger service in the year 2000 in partnership with Eircell , Ireland 's largest mobile network . Other key customers of Followap included the Vodafone Group , Hutchison 3G Group , BT Group , Turkcell , Telecom Italia , Wind and Vimpelcom . The mobile Messenger which Followap pioneered evolved into extremely popular services following the introduction of the iPhone and App stores for wide-market distribution . These include Whatsapp , Line , QQ , WeChat and KakaoTalk . The company was acquired by NeuStar for approx . $ 140M in cash , in November 2006 . Investors included Sequoia Capital and Carmel Ventures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "51d4f0c09f9ebbb17f9dabb8d1683cb7", "text": "T.G.I. Friday's T.G.I. Fridays is an American restaurant chain focusing on casual dining . The company is a unit of the Sentinel Capital Partners and TriArtisan Capital Partners , who purchased the company from Carlson Companies in May 2014 . The name is asserted to stand for `` Thank God It 's Friday '' , although some television commercials for the chain have also made use of the alternative phrase , `` Thank Goodness It 's Friday . '' The chain is known for its appearance -- with red-striped canopies , brass railings , Tiffany lamps , and frequent use of antiques as decor -- and its cocktails .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a55640024457900988c3b2aa9012214", "text": "The Dam Short Film Festival The Dam Short Film Festival is a film festival held annually in Boulder City , Nevada , typically in early February . Lee Lanier and Anita Lanier are the original co-founders of the festival . The festival is organized by the Dam Short Film Society , a non-profit 501 ( c ) 3 Nevada corporation . Past festival sponsors have included The Art Institutes , the Nevada Film Office , the Hacienda Hotel and Casino , and Cirque du Soleil . The Society receives annual grants from the National Endowment for the Arts via the Nevada Arts Council . Started in 2005 , the Dam Short Film Festival only screens films that run between 1 and 40 minutes . Generally , there are between 100 and 140 short films programmed each year . Although most of the festival shorts are submitted by student , independent , and other `` up-and-coming '' filmmakers , the stiff competition means many of the shorts have been produced involving film professionals . These have included Oscar-winner Louis Gossett Jr. in `` Window , '' Oscar-winner , Tom Hanks , William Shatner , and Michael York in `` Why Shakespeare ? '' , the late Bela Lugosi narrating an animation based on the Edgar Allan Poe classic `` The Tell-Tale Heart '' , Francesco Quinn in `` The Gnostic '' , and Robert Wagner and Lori Singer in `` Little Victim '' The short films are arranged into thematic programs , such as international drama , crime drama , dramedy , science-fiction , horror , comedy , avant-garde , underground , and animation . In addition to the regular screenings , the festival presents special showcases and retrospectives ; for example , the 2009 event featured a showcase dedicated to documentary filmmaker Jay Rosenblatt while 2008 included a program dedicated to animator Jim Blashfield The festival also presents parties , mixers , filmmaker panels , and Q&A sessions with attending filmmakers . In 2008 , the Festival moved to the historic 400-seat Boulder Theatre . The Theatre was built in 1931 and is currently owned by Desi Arnaz Jr. and his wife Amy . 2014 marked the 10th anniversary of the festival . At present , Lee Lanier serves as the Dam Short Film Society 's executive director while John LaBonney serves as festival director . The Society has a working board of directors that varies from 4 to 6 members .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11f02f41ef85dcb406b2cfa1ca3ba721", "text": "Mirage Tavern The Mirage Tavern was a drinking establishment at 731 N. Wells St. in Chicago purchased by the Chicago Sun-Times in 1977 to investigate widespread allegations of official corruption and shakedowns visited on small businesses by city officials . The journalists used hidden cameras to help ensure that city inspectors caught accepting payoffs for ignoring safety hazards were all properly documented . In 1978 , the Sun-Times broke the story in a 25-part series that documented the many abuses and crimes committed at the tavern , which was shaken down repeatedly by state and local officials . The series was initially nominated for the Pulitzer Prize for general reporting , but the Pulitzer board decided not to award the Sun-Times when editor Ben Bradlee of the Washington Post led an attack on the grounds that the reporters used undercover reporting , a form of deception , to report the story . The Mirage gave rise to major reforms including city code revisions , new procedures in city inspections and investigations at federal , state and city levels . The IRS sent in 20 agents to take a closer look at tax fraud by cash businesses . The Illinois Department of Revenue formed a new investigative unit : the Mirage Audit Unit . An ongoing federal investigation , spurred by the Mirage findings , managed indictments of a third of the city 's electrical inspectors in 1978 , with more indictments to come later . The project was overseen by editors James Hoge , Ralph Otwell , Stuart H. Loory and Joseph Reilly . In May 1977 , journalist Pam Zekman and Better Government Association chief investigator Bill Recktenwald purchased the tavern under the aliases Mr. and Mrs. Ray Patterson . Reporter Zay N. Smith , who wrote the series , and BGA investigator Jeff Allen posed as the bartender and manager , respectively . Sun-Times photographers Gene Pesek and Jim Frost were in charge of photographing the tavern 's activities from a hidden section of the tavern built over the washrooms . Corrupt practices ran the gamut from shakedowns to tax fraud . The shakedown amounts were small , typically less than $ 100 , as the reporters learned of what they later called `` the supermarket approach to graft -- low prices , high volume '' that inspectors tended to prefer as the safest way of doing illegal business . Among others , a city electrical inspector agreed to overlook the tavern 's faulty wiring . A fire department lieutenant agreed to sign off on the tavern 's grand opening , despite the loose electrical wiring hanging from rafters and a basement piled high with trash against regulations . A city health inspector ignored maggots and sink drains that emptied down to the basement floor . A state liquor inspector ignored fruit flies in the liquor . ( The tavern quietly corrected all its code violations , on its own , after the shakedown inspections . ) Also reported were illegal kickbacks from pinball operators and jukebox operators ( A.A. Swingtime Music Company ) , as well as tax skimming . Philip J. Barasch , a local accountant , gave the new owners of the bar extensive lessons on how to keep two sets of account books to skim profits without paying tax and advised them exactly what time of day inspectors showed up and how much their shakedowns would typically cost . He also suggested including his business card with any payoffs to help smooth the shakedown process . The only officials he warned against bribing were the police , noting that `` if you pay off a cop , they keep coming around every month , like flies , looking for a payoff '' . The Mirage , after hearing Barash 's tax advice , hired six more accountants specializing in small cash businesses and was counseled by all of them to commit fraud . The tavern , which has had more than one owner since the Sun-Times investigation , is now known , after a number of improvements , as the Brehon Pub .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "388455701baee21f90661019f929bb2f", "text": "Lion's Choice Lion 's Choice is a Missouri-based quick service restaurant chain specializing in roast beef sandwiches . The restaurant sells lean , top-round roast beef , slow-roasted daily on-site , shaved thin and served with a dash of secret seasoning on a toasted and steamed bun . The first store was opened by a group of friends in Ballwin , Missouri in 1967 . The concept was originally named Brittany Beef and quickly changed to Red Lion Beef House . Later renamed Lion 's Choice as `` Red Lion '' was already trademarked . In 2013 , the founders sold the company to St. Louis-based private investors . As of 2016 , there are 25 locations in Missouri , all of which are in or near Greater St. Louis . The restaurant has sponsored a number of charities and teams , such as Shamrocks Against Dystrophy , the St. Louis County Library Reading Club , the MS 150 Bike Tour , and Trailnet . It was the Missouri state winner for the National Restaurant Association 's Restaurant Neighbor Award in 2006 . and was named Best Fast Food by the Riverfront Times . Because of its specialization in roast beef , Arby 's is considered Lion 's Choice 's direct competition . The company has developed a cult-like following from some customers in the St. Louis market . Since the purchase of the chain by a small private-equity firm from the original founders , it has been involved in much litigation with its largest franchisee .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "652e8fac8f1fe6e2ebed6b61580f728d", "text": "Bullfeathers Bullfeathers of Capitol Hill is a restaurant and bar on 410 First Street SE in Washington , D.C. , in the Capitol Hill neighborhood . Its name comes from President Theodore Roosevelt 's favorite euphemism for `` bullshit . '' The logo of the restaurant is a depiction of Roosevelt . It was founded in 1979 by Gordon King . It has achieved some degree of fame for its association with congressional staffers and members who have been patrons , and as a place where `` lobbyists take Hill staffers to down martinis . '' . It has opened recently under new ownership . The new owners are Tony Harris , Med Lahlou , William Walls and Jessica Mulroy . The restaurant has been variously described as `` one of Capitol Hill 's key upscale watering holes '' and `` a favorite House-side dive . '' . Bullfeathers , Capital Hill is also the location of the Annual SWTA Legislative Breakfast The political activist Ralph E. Reed , Jr. had a religious experience while at Bullfeathers on a Saturday evening in September 1983 . Regarding the experience , Reed said `` the Holy Spirit simply demanded me to come to Jesus . '' He walked outside the pub to a phone booth , thumbed through the Yellow Pages under `` Churches , '' and found the Evangel Assembly of God in Camp Springs , Maryland , He visited the next morning and became a born-again Christian . The political website PoliticsPA named it to their list of restaurants frequented by politicians . The restaurant also figured in the Mark Foley scandal . Reports indicated that Mark Foley approached a former 18-year-old intern at Bullfeathers and asked for an email .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "850e5f22671029ba3337008058629a4c", "text": "Operakällaren Operakällaren is a classic and exclusive restaurant in Kungsträdgården , Stockholm . It is owned through the Nobis corporation by Alessando Catenacci . Operakällaren opened in 1787 , and during its first decades it was an ordinary restaurant . In the 1830s , it became known for its clientele , many of which were artist and politicians . In the 1870s , Operakällaren was refurbished into a more exclusive restaurant by then owner Bengt Carlsson . The restaurant had linen tablecloths and napkins on the tables , and the walls was covered with wooden panels . The ladies of Stockholm 's socialite were invited and a new trend of serving coffee was introduced . The restaurant was originally called Terrassen ( `` The Terrace '' ) after its open-air section . The Opera bar was opened in 1905 so the restaurant could compete with other exclusive restaurants in the area , among the regular clients were Anders Zorn and Albert Engström . In the 1950s , the restaurant was run-down and the company had been losing money for several years . Bar owner Tore Wretman who owned other restaurants , took on the challenge to bring the restaurant back to its former glory . A new modern kitchen , a wine cellar and a new open-air serving area was built . The renovation took six years and Operakällaren was officially reopened again in 1961 . Architects for the project were Peter Celsing and Nils Tesch . Werner Vögeli became head chef . In 2010 , Operakällaren lost its star in the Michelin Guide , but regained it in 2014 , under the new head chef Stefano Catenacci .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9737dc7e007eb809693767b20b63fbd8", "text": "Joe's Pub Joe 's Pub , one of the six performance spaces within The Public Theater , is a music venue and restaurant that hosts live performances across genres and arts , ranging from cabaret to modern dance to world music . Joe 's Pub is located at 425 Lafayette Street near Astor Place in Manhattan , New York City . It is named after Joseph Papp , the theatrical producer who established the New York Shakespeare Festival , The Public Theater and the free Shakespeare in the Park program in Central Park . The venue is notable for being where Amy Winehouse and Adele made their U.S. headlining concert debuts . In 2013 , in its 15th anniversary year , the Pub was declared one of Rolling Stone Magazine 's 10 Best Clubs in America .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12f1287cae3fe6f0b59be7031213ac47", "text": "Big Mama's & Papa's Pizzeria Big Mama 's & Papa 's Pizzeria is a pizza restaurant chain primarily located in Southern California . The chain is notable for its extremely large `` Giant Sicilian '' pizza , which is claimed to be the largest deliverable pizza in the world . Additionally , the chain gained notoriety when , during the 2014 Academy Awards , host Ellen Degeneres had Big Mama 's pizzas delivered onstage . The first Big Mama 's & Papa 's was first opened in 1992 by Armenian immigrant brothers Aro and Allen Agakhanyan . At the time , the brothers were neither fluent in English nor out of high school . Since that time , the chain has expanded to 20 restaurants in the Southern California region , with both company-owned and franchise operations . In 2015 , Big Mama 's announced that it will be expanding internationally to Dubai .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab252fe364bb248139dd31cc0ea24545", "text": "Balthazar (restaurant) Balthazar is a French brasserie restaurant located at 80 Spring Street ( between Broadway and Crosby Street ) in SoHo in Manhattan , in New York City . It opened on April 21 , 1997 , and is owned by restaurateur Keith McNally . McNally joked that the best offer he had received for a reservation was to not break McNally 's legs . McNally also owns Pastis , Cafe Luxembourg , Lucky Strike , the Russian-themed bar and restaurant Pravda , Odeon in Tribeca , and Schiller 's Liquor Bar on the Lower East Side . Balthazar Bakery was later opened , at 80 Spring Street . McNally opened Balthazar in the theater district in Covent Garden in London , in February 2013 . Balthazar London will reside within a building known as The Flower Cellars , sharing the space with The London Film Museum . General manager will be Byron Lang . __ FORCETOC __", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "dbf9d58406be1acf8f2059cdb8ea3af1", "text": "Richard Curtis Richard Whalley Anthony Curtis , CBE ( born 8 November 1956 ) is a British screenwriter , producer and film director , who was born in New Zealand to Australian parents . One of Britain 's most successful comedy screenwriters , he is known primarily for romantic comedy films such as Four Weddings and a Funeral , Bridget Jones 's Diary , Notting Hill , and Love Actually , as well as the hit sitcoms Blackadder , Mr. Bean and The Vicar of Dibley . He is also the co-founder of the British charity Comic Relief along with Sir Lenny Henry . In 2007 , Curtis received the BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award , the highest award the British Film Academy can give a filmmaker . He received the BAFTA Humanitarian Award at the 2008 Britannia Awards , for co-creating Comic Relief and contributions to other charitable causes . In 2008 he was ranked number 12 in The Telegraph 's list of the `` 100 most powerful people in British culture '' . In 2012 , Curtis was among the British cultural icons selected by artist Sir Peter Blake to appear in a new version of his most famous artwork -- the Beatles ' Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band album cover -- to celebrate the British cultural figures of his life .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "48730bb290a20e9f1a558906ddde767c", "text": "Norma Curtis Norma Curtis ( b. Wales ) is a British novelist and short story writer . Her debut novel , Living It Up , Living It Down has been awarded the Romantic Novelists ' Association New Writing Award in 1994 , and later she was elected its twentieth Chairman ( 1999 -- 2001 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4afd34138ecfd124dbfc81b2164fb27f", "text": "Darwin and women Charles Darwin 's views on women were based on his view of natural selection . Darwin believed that the difference between males and females were partly due to `` sexual selection . '' Darwin 's theory of sexual selection , which can be found in his book The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex , states that women , and some men , will choose to mate with someone that is most suitable to culture . This proposition of sexual selection readily tied into his theory of natural selection in the way that evolution will have different outcomes depending on the traits of the suitor the females chooses to reproduce with . This also supports his principle of `` survival of the fittest '' in the human species . Darwin concludes in his book , The Descent of Man , saying that men attain `` a higher eminence , in whatever he takes up , than can women -- whether requiring deep thought , reason , or imagination , or merely the use of the senses and hands . '' More research has been centered around letters that Darwin wrote and exchanged with about 150 women in his lifetime which includes both women close to him and women from other places in the world . The letters show private thoughts and actions which are different to the gender ideology held by common middle-class Victorians . The letters show that in private Darwin relied on various women for some of his work including his daughter Henrietta who helped in editing The Descent of Man . Darwin also helped many of these women progress their scientific careers . He wrote to Eleanor Mary Dicey in 1877 about his concern that some women might not want to study psychology only because they are women . There is also evidence of Darwin 's correspondence with women of that time who challenged the gender ideology such as Florence Dixie , a traveler , writer and hunter who endorsed equality in marriage . She also wrote a book which created the fantasy of a world where men and women were equals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "567ebdd7979c1e4215d78708afe404cf", "text": "Alison Curtis Alison `` Ally '' Curtis ( born November 1 , 1977 in Kingston , Ontario , Canada ) is a presenter of radio on Irish radio station Phantom 105.2 and a respected figure on the Irish music scene . She presented The Last Splash on Sunday nights from 20:00 until 22:00 and The Alison Curtis Show from 05:00 - 07:00 . The Last Splash and , later , The Alison Curtis Show , earned Curtis her three Best DJ Meteor nominations , though she narrowly lost out on the first two occasions to her Today FM colleague Ray D'Arcy and lost again in 2009 , this time to her Today FM colleague Ray Foley . Curtis currently possesses her own television channel and has written for Hot Press . She is married to Anton Hegarty , the former bassist for Future Kings of Spain with whom she has a daughter . In early March 2011 , it was announced that Curtis , who is expecting her first child , had left Today FM to return to Phantom FM , the radio station she originally worked for before joining Today FM . She currently presents her own show , `` Saturday Breakfast with Alison Curtis '' on Today FM which airs every Saturday morning from 7am to 10am and since July 2016 , has also presented `` Sunday Breakfast with Alison Curtis '' which airs every Sunday morning from 7am to 9am .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e5d7d416f9124d0490ca497a6138bec", "text": "Nightwork: Sexuality, Pleasure, and Corporate Masculinity in a Tokyo Hostess Club Nightwork : Sexuality , Pleasure , and Corporate Masculinity in a Tokyo Hostess Club ( 1994 ) is a book-length study in the field of cultural anthropology of contemporary Japan by Anne Allison . This participant-observation ethnography describes the culture surrounding Japanese hostess clubs , which feature female servers specifically intended to flirt with or present a sexually attractive image to their typically white-collar sarariiman ( salaryman ) clients . Allison 's work presents a perspective on corporate life and gender roles in Japan infrequently considered in academia and in Western culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "141575ee6812554413c19641aa9b555b", "text": "Woman to Woman (Beverley Craven song) Woman To Woman is a song by British singer Beverley Craven , included on her self-titled debut album . `` Woman To Woman '' was released as the album 's third single in late 1990 . As with the previous singles , it failed to chart in the UK . However , after the success of the single `` Promise Me '' , the single was re-released , with a new cover art , in September 1991 . This time it peaked at number 40 in the UK charts . The song 's lyrics talk about a friend who ignores her friendships once she falls in love . As with most of her lyrics , Craven took inspiration from her real-life experiences , and in concerts has revealed that the subject of this song is her friend Alison Goldfrapp . `` Woman to Woman '' is one of the few uptempo cuts from her debut album , and features a harmonica solo by Frank Mead .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a832ee37b807af5fa16d3c6521a1ef7", "text": "Richard Curtis (disambiguation) Richard or Dick Curtis may refer to : Richard Curtis ( born 1956 ) , British screenwriter Richard Curtis ( politician ) ( born 1959 ) , American politician Richard Curtis ( literary agent ) , American author and literary agent Richard Curteys ( 1532 -- 1582 ) , bishop ( archaic spelling of Curtis ) Dick Curtis ( 1902 -- 1952 ) , American actor Dick Curtis ( boxer ) ( 1802 -- 1843 ) , English boxing pioneer Rick Curtis , musician and co-writer of Southern Cross ( Crosby , Stills and Nash song )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02ed859ff5274b25871ca7d70a0edf66", "text": "Female Agents Female Agents ( Les Femmes de l'ombre ) is a 2008 French historical drama film directed by Jean-Paul Salomé and starring Sophie Marceau , Julie Depardieu , Marie Gillain , Déborah François , and Moritz Bleibtreu . Written by Salomé and Laurent Vachaud , the film is about female resistance fighters in the Second World War . Jean-Paul Salomé , the director , drew inspiration from an obituary in The Times newspaper of Lise de Baissac ( Lise Villameur ) , from Mauritius ( then a British colony ) , one of the few recognised heroines of the SOE , named `` Louise Desfontaines '' in the film and played by Sophie Marceau . The film was partly funded by BBC Films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "63e4f644c342c0e7b5110dad6e9ee3be", "text": "Hens' Teeth Hens ' Teeth Women 's Comedy Company first performed at Circa Theatre in Wellington pre-Xmas 1988 . It broke box-office records at the theatre , and a second season at Taki Rua Theatre early in 1989 had similar success . The company went on to create several productions a year , for 13 years . Though based in Wellington , New Zealand , the company toured throughout New Zealand , and in 1992 performed at the Adelaide Fringe Festival in Australia . Hens ' Teeth was created by Kate JasonSmith , who remained as the Producer throughout its existence . The format was of a comic line-up which changed nightly , with some regulars and some `` tryouts '' . It was held together by a compere or M.C. - the most famous being `` Mother Chook '' Leone Hatherly . The core cast of women included : Dame Kate Harcourt , Lorae Parry , Pinky Agnew , Helen Moulder , Carmel McGlone , Sue Dunlop , Sally Rodwell , Madeline McNamara , Rose Beauchamp , Prue Langbein , Bub Bridger , April Phillips , and Darien Takle . Over 100 women performed with Hens ' Teeth between 1987 and 2001 , including Ginette McDonald , Rima te Wiata , Emily Perkins , Cathy Sheat , Michelle Scullion , Ann Pacey , Riwia Brown , Ann Jones , Alison Wall , Pam Corkery , Perry Piercy , Nancy Fulford , Stephanie Creed , Vicki Walker , Donna Akersten , Jane Waddell , and Phylli JasonSmith . The success of Hens ' Teeth was attributed to the comedy being about things that are part of the fabric of most women 's lives : sex , politics , aging , cooking , ambition , breastfeeding , men , opera , housework , dieting , childcare , self-defense , love , money , contraception , creativity , etc. , etc. . The only major rule for the content of Hens ' Teeth was that they did n't laugh at the expense of men , or of any other minorities . After 16 years of hibernation , Hens ' Teeth has agreed to a new season at < Circa Theatre , Wellington , New Zealand , as part of the WTF ! ( Women 's Theatre Festival ) March 14th - 25th 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "021e41c472bc90a5826767c1aa7e065f", "text": "Vivien Leigh Vivien Leigh ( born Vivian Mary Hartley , and also known as Lady Olivier after 1947 ; 5 November 19138 July 1967 ) was a British stage and film actress . She won two Academy Awards for Best Actress for her performances as Scarlett O'Hara in Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) and Blanche DuBois in the film version of A Streetcar Named Desire ( 1951 ) , a role she had also played on stage in London 's West End in 1949 . She also won a Tony Award for her work in the Broadway musical version of Tovarich ( 1963 ) . After her drama school education , Leigh appeared in small roles in four films in 1935 and progressed to the role of heroine in Fire Over England ( 1937 ) . Lauded for her beauty , Leigh felt that her physical attributes sometimes prevented her from being taken seriously as an actress . Despite her fame as a screen actress , Leigh was primarily a stage performer . During her 30-year career , she played roles ranging from the heroines of Noël Coward and George Bernard Shaw comedies to classic Shakespearean characters such as Ophelia , Cleopatra , Juliet , and Lady Macbeth . Later in life , she performed as a character actress in a few films . At the time , the public strongly identified Leigh with her second husband Laurence Olivier , who was her spouse from 1940 to 1960 . Leigh and Olivier starred together in many stage productions , with Olivier often directing , and in three films . She earned a reputation for being difficult to work with , and for much of her adult life she suffered from bipolar disorder as well as recurrent bouts of chronic tuberculosis , which was first diagnosed in the mid-1940s and ultimately claimed her life at the age of 53 . Although her career had periods of inactivity , in 1999 the American Film Institute ranked Leigh as the 16th greatest female movie star of classic Hollywood cinema .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e4c1606cc5ce1e524190e3aa5e7986a", "text": "Barbara Thoman Curtis Barbara Thoman Curtis ( Oct. 17 , 1938 -- Oct. 18 , 2015 ) was an American nurse and activist . She received several awards for her work in nursing and healthcare , including induction into the American Nurses Association Hall of Fame in 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3917e888408dad0bd3f585f5f8e0eef0", "text": "Mary Curtis Mary Curtis may refer to : Mary Curtis Richardson , née Curtis Mary Curtis Verna , née Curtis Mary Curtis , head of UTV Ireland", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7526259da289947240ccf8c55950586d", "text": "John Curtis John Curtis may refer to :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd6744abf0fe71ea6e3f32c9af352cc8", "text": "Betty Curtis Betty Curtis ( b. as Roberta Corti March 21 , 1936 -- June 15 , 2006 ) was an Italian singer active from 1957 to 2004 . The song `` Al di là '' performed by her with Luciano Tajoli won the Sanremo Music Festival in 1961 . Betty Curtis represented Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1961 with her San Remo winning song , which tied for fifth in Cannes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90da8d74d8f47288bebf343e4efe8a56", "text": "Every Woman Every Woman is a syndicated television series produced by Entertainment Studios and created by Byron Allen . The series has aired since 2000 . Heidi Klum made a guest appearance on the show in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f70659471b2ccce5f8dbea205611e98", "text": "Dickens' Women Dickens ' Women is a one person show written by Miriam Margolyes and Sonia Fraser and starring Margolyes . The play includes 23 different characters ( male and female ) based on or inspired by characters in Charles Dickens ' novels . The Sydney Morning Herald wrote that the `` elegantly crafted production puts the focus on the storyteller '' ( Dickens ) , highlighting his `` obsession with youthful beauty and his baffling relationships with his sisters-in-law '' . The Age noted that it `` combines character sketches , short readings , biographical material and mordant commentary '' . The show was developed in 1989 for the Edinburgh Festival , and Margolyes has taken it on tour worldwide , including a 2007 tour to Australia and New Zealand . Margolyes was nominated for an Olivier Award in 1992 for her original West End season of the show . Dickens ' Women was taken on a world tour in 2012 as part of the 200th anniversary celebrations of Dickens ' birth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a69a5acc16948c78bde1a03fbbf3df2", "text": "Paul Curtis (musician) Paul Michael Curtis ( born 1950 ) is an English singer , songwriter , record producer from London , who holds the record for the highest number of songs to make the finals of the A Song for Europe contest , the BBC 's annual competition to choose the UK 's entry to the Eurovision Song Contest , competing with 22 separate songs from 1975 to 1992 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eadbaaf42e58358a634903f4f8018ff7", "text": "I Want to See the Bright Lights Tonight I Want to See the Bright Lights Tonight is the second album released by Richard Thompson and the first including and credited with his then wife , Linda Thompson as Richard and Linda Thompson . It was released by Island Records in the UK in 1974 . Although never commercially successful and critically ignored upon its release , it is now considered by a number of critics to be a masterpiece and one of the finest works of both Richard and Linda singularly or together . The album has been included on Rolling Stone magazine 's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4265e5da30645419f40b741cafc64fcd", "text": "Curtis Richa Curtis Richa ( born Curtis Richardson ; November 6 , 1972 ) is an American songwriter , producer and A&R . He is the CEO of his own company Richamusikk and is also signed to Metronumm Musikk Publishing . He is one of the founding members of the production team The Conglomerate ( aka The Conglomm ) . In total , Curtis Richa is responsible for having written and/or produced albums that have sold in the excess of 28 million records worldwide . He has worked with Jennifer Lopez , Rihanna , Joss Stone , LL Cool J , Deborah Cox , Craig David and Jo Dee Messina . Richa has also worked with foreign superstars such as Kumi Koda , Tohoshinki , Agnes Carlsson , Naime Amuro , Christopher , Rainie Yang , Fady Malouf and Darin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "972fe54f184dc65d048513c25c6e8344", "text": "Margaret Curtis Margaret Curtis ( October 8 , 1883 -- December 24 , 1965 ) was an American golf and tennis champion and lifelong social worker . From the Manchester-by-the-Sea , Massachusetts area , she was the youngest of ten children . Her father was a colonel in the Union Army cavalry during the American Civil War . Her brother James Freeman Curtis became a lawyer in New York City , and was the Assistant United States Secretary of the Treasury under President William Howard Taft . Her cousin Laurence Curtis , who served as the second President of the United States Golf Association in 1897 -- 98 , encouraged the family to take up the game of golf . As a result , Margaret and her sister Harriot began playing golf at a young age and as young ladies became members of the Women 's Golf Association of Massachusetts . Founded in 1900 , it was the first state women 's golf association in the United States . In 1897 , 13-year-old Curtis qualified fourth in her first appearance at the U.S. Women 's Amateur . In 1906 her sister Harriot won the Championship . Although health problems had prevented Margaret from competing for several years , she captured her first of three U.S. championships in 1907 by beating her sister in the finals . That year she played in England and in a stroke-play tournament at Walton Heath , near London , she was leading playing partner May Hezlet by five stokes going into the final hole . Curtis hit her drive into gorse bush , a very spiny and dense evergreen shrub common throughout western Europe but unfamiliar to an American . Curtis ended up taking a disastrous 13 on the hole to lose the tournament . In 1908 she lost in the quarter-finals of the U.S. Championship to eventual winner Katherine Harley . In the 1911 U.S. Championship semi-finals she beat Dorothy Campbell , that year 's Canadian Women 's Amateur and British Ladies Amateur champion , then defeated Lillian B. Hyde in the championship match . Curtis made it back-to-back U.S. titles in 1912 when she also was the medalist for the sixth time . Besides her skill at golf , Curtis was an excellent tennis player . In 1908 she won the U.S. Open doubles tennis championship with Evelyn Sears , becoming the only woman to simultaneously hold the U.S. golf and tennis titles . In 1904 , Curtis was a student at Simmons College School of Social Work in Boston , training that would lead to her being a Board member of the Family Service Society for 51 years . With her career over in competitive golf , during World War I , she went to Paris , France where she joined the Red Cross , serving as the head of its Bureau for Refugees for three years . Her time in Paris marked the beginning of several more years spent in various places across Europe with the Red Cross . In 1932 , Curtis and her sister donated the Curtis Cup for a biennial golf competition between amateur teams representing the United States and Great Britain . She remained active in golf matters for most of her life . In December 1955 , the Women 's Golf Association of Massachusetts established a tournament in her and her sister 's honor . The trophy , known as `` The Curtis Bowl , '' is a replica of the Curtis Cup . Curtis was the recipient of the 1958 Bob Jones Award , the highest honor given by the United States Golf Association in recognition of distinguished sportsmanship in golf . She died in 1965 at the age of 82 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac266bc8a1c71a7b9a42f4f2b8f2482a", "text": "Muriel Box Muriel Box ( 22 September 1905 -- 18 May 1991 ) was an Oscar-winning English screenwriter and director . She was born Violette Muriel Baker in Tolworth , Surrey , England in 1905 . When her attempts at acting and dancing proved to be unsuccessful , she accepted work as a continuity girl for British International Pictures . In 1935 , she met and married journalist Sydney Box , with whom she collaborated on nearly forty plays with mainly female roles for amateur theatre groups . Their production company , Verity Films , first released short propaganda films , including The English Inn ( 1941 ) , her first directing effort , after which it branched into fiction . The couple achieved their greatest joint success with The Seventh Veil ( 1945 ) for which they gained the Academy Award for Best Writing , Original Screenplay in the following year . After the war , the Rank Organisation hired her husband to head Gainsborough Pictures , where she was in charge of the scenario department , writing scripts for a number of light comedies , including two for child star Petula Clark , Easy Money and Here Come the Huggetts ( both 1948 ) . She occasionally assisted as a dialogue director , or re-shot scenes during post-production . Her extensive work on The Lost People ( 1949 ) gained her a credit as co-director , her first for a full-length feature . In 1951 , her husband created London Independent Producers , allowing Box more opportunities to direct . Many of her early films were adaptations of plays , and as such had a stage-bound feel , since she rarely shot on location . They were noteworthy more for their strong performances than they were for a distinctive directorial style . She favoured scripts with topical and frequently controversial themes , including Irish politics , teenage sex , abortion , illegitimacy , and syphilis , and several of her films were banned by local authorities . She pursued her favorite subject -- the female experience -- in a number of films , including Street Corner ( 1953 ) about women police officers , Somerset Maugham 's The Beachcomber ( 1954 ) , with Donald Sinden and Glynis Johns as a resourceful missionary , again working with Donald Sinden on Eyewitness ( 1956 ) and a series of comedies about the battle of the sexes , including The Passionate Stranger ( 1957 ) , The Truth About Women ( 1958 ) and her final film , Rattle of a Simple Man ( 1964 ) . Box often experienced prejudice in a male-dominated industry , especially hurtful when perpetrated by another female . In 1950 , Jean Simmons had her replaced on So Long at the Fair , and Kay Kendall unsuccessfully attempted to do the same with Simon and Laura ( 1955 ) . Many producers questioned her competence to direct large-scale feature films , and while the press was quick to note her position as one of very few women directors in the British film industry , their tone tended to be condescending rather than filled with praise . She left film-making to write novels and created a successful publishing house , Femina , which proved to be a rewarding outlet for her feminism . She divorced Sydney Box in 1969 . The following year , she married Gerald Gardiner , who had been Lord Chancellor . She died in Hendon , London in 1991 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "1817b6a5fe7cf535e75e3494dee35043", "text": "Syd Barrett Roger Keith `` Syd '' Barrett ( 6 January 1946 -- 7 July 2006 ) was a British musician , composer , singer-songwriter , and painter . Best known as a founder member of the band Pink Floyd , Barrett was the lead singer , guitarist and principal songwriter in its early years and is credited with naming the band . Barrett was excluded from Pink Floyd in April 1968 after David Gilmour took over as their new guitarist , and was briefly hospitalised amid speculation of mental illness . Barrett was musically active for less than ten years . With Pink Floyd , he recorded four singles , their debut album ( and contributed to the second one ) , and several unreleased songs . Barrett began his solo career in 1969 with the single `` Octopus '' from his first solo album , The Madcap Laughs ( 1970 ) . The album was recorded over the course of a year with five different producers ( Peter Jenner , Malcolm Jones , David Gilmour , Roger Waters and Barrett himself ) . Nearly two months after Madcap was released , Barrett began working on his second and final album , Barrett ( 1970 ) , produced by Gilmour and featuring contributions from Richard Wright . Two years later , he left the music industry , retired from public life and strictly guarded his own privacy until his death in 2006 . In 1988 , an album of unreleased tracks and outtakes , Opel , was released by EMI with Barrett 's approval . Barrett 's innovative guitar work and exploration of experimental techniques such as dissonance , distortion and feedback influenced many musicians . His recordings are also noted for their strongly English-accented vocal delivery . After leaving music , Barrett continued with painting and dedicated himself to gardening . Pink Floyd wrote and recorded several tributes to him , most notably the 1975 album Wish You Were Here , which included `` Shine On You Crazy Diamond '' , as homage to Barrett .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "e6815d4ee4d7cc20affb55728771f74c", "text": "Sirens (Pearl Jam song) `` Sirens '' is a song by the American alternative rock band Pearl Jam . It was released on September 18 , 2013 as a digital download as the second single from their tenth studio album Lightning Bolt . In its first week of release , the single sold 13,000 downloads in the US . Guitarist Mike McCready said the song was inspired by Roger Waters 's The Wall Live Tour , as after attending a concert in 2011 he `` wanted to write something that would have a Pink Floyd type feel '' . The lyrics by singer Eddie Vedder concern his worries on mortality , and what the future reserves for the next generations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ccbb4d606aa4a72b909d5d5be9fef6ad", "text": "The Dogs of War (song) `` The Dogs of War '' is a song by Pink Floyd from their 1987 album , A Momentary Lapse of Reason . It was the third single from the album in the US and Australia . Live versions have an extended intro , an extended middle solo for the saxophone , a guitar and sax duel and a longer outro as compared to the album version . The track was a minor rock radio hit in the US and reached # 16 on MTV 's Video Countdown in May 1988 . `` The Dogs of War '' describes politicians orchestrating wars , suggesting the major influence behind war is money .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55e004fcde5b6d1025bc5e225f8ca096", "text": "Brain Damage (song) `` Brain Damage '' is the ninth track from English rock band Pink Floyd 's 1973 album The Dark Side of the Moon . It was sung on record by Roger Waters ( with harmonies by David Gilmour ) , who would continue to sing it on his solo tours . Gilmour sang the lead vocal when Pink Floyd performed it live on their 1994 tour ( as can be heard on Pulse ) . The band originally called this track `` Lunatic '' during live performances and recording sessions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6812dcc233cc093a755c4b6e2dbda64b", "text": "Bob Dylan Blues `` Bob Dylan Blues '' is a song written in 1965 by Syd Barrett , the founder of Pink Floyd . Recorded during sessions for Barrett , it was unreleased until it turned up in 2001 and was released on The Best of Syd Barrett .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc537674f91ab1f4ccea2d59ac584b65", "text": "Classic Albums Live Classic Albums Live is a concert series based in Toronto , Ontario , in which musicians perform a classic rock album in its entirety . The series was founded in 2003 by Craig Martin , a musician who had previously produced a series of boutique cabaret shows as well as composed music for television and film . The musicians go to great lengths to faithfully recreate every sound on the original album . They have performed with orchestras , sitarists , choirs and schools . The shows are treated like recitals with the album being performed in its entirety followed by a ` greatest hits ' set of the featured artist . Albums that have been performed include Led Zeppelin 's Led Zeppelin , Led Zeppelin II and Led Zeppelin IV , Bruce Springsteen 's Born to Run , Supertramp 's Crime of the Century and Breakfast in America , the Rolling Stones ' Sticky Fingers and Exile on Main St. , Fleetwood Mac 's Rumours , Eagles ' Hotel California , Guns N ' Roses ' Appetite for Destruction , Pink Floyd 's The Dark Side of the Moon , Wish You Were Here , The Wall and Animals , Queen 's A Night at the Opera , and the Beatles albums Rubber Soul , Revolver , Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band , The Beatles ( AKA the `` White Album '' ) , and Abbey Road . In recent years , the series has presented concerts in a variety of cities , including Orlando , Florida , Los Angeles , Philadelphia , Akron , La Mirada , Jacksonville , Gainesville , Lakeland , Coral Springs , New York , New Jersey , Dallas , Houston , Uncasville , Connecticut , Las Vegas , Nevada , and Rochester , New York . On December 17 , 2006 , Classic Albums Live performed the entire 213-song Beatles song catalogue in one 13-hour concert at the Phoenix Concert Theatre in Toronto . A different lineup performs each album . There is a group of core musicians who are frequently part of the performances , including Nick Hildyard , Rob Phillips , Lindsay Clark , Leslea Keurvorst , Troy Feener , Clifton David , Dom Polito and Marty Morin . Occasionally , more famous Canadian musicians are brought in as well , including Mia Sheard , Kim Bingham , Nicholas Walsh , and ex-members of Moist . In some venues , they will bring in local musicians to fill needed spots . For example , on June 16 , 2006 , the group performed the Beatles ' Sgt. Pepper album at the Hard Rock Live in Orlando ; they brought in the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra to fill in on the orchestral parts . When performing in Toronto , they usually play at Massey Hall . The producer of Classic Albums Live has created a musical called Gig which will run in 2016 . List of albums performed : The Beatles ' catalogue Led Zeppelin Led Zeppelin II Led Zeppelin IV Houses of the Holy Physical Graffiti In Through the Out Door Meddle The Dark Side of the Moon Animals Wish You Were Here The Wall A Night at the Opera Who 's Next Are You Experienced Boston Crime of the Century Breakfast in America The Last Waltz Rust Never Sleeps Harvest The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars OK Computer Ten Nevermind Regatta de Blanc Outlandos d'Amour The Joshua Tree London Calling Band on the Run Texas Flood Let It Bleed Sticky Fingers Some Girls Exile on Main St. Appetite for Destruction Highway to Hell Back in Black Born to Run Hotel California Rumours The Doors L.A. Woman Legend Pearl Paranoid Van Halen Thriller Purple Rain Nothing 's Shocking Woodstock 2112 Saturday Night Fever A Very Lennon Christmas Elton John Greatest Hits", "title": "" }, { "docid": "346ad9f9977edad9d66cc88bcc5a3dfd", "text": "Echoes (Pink Floyd song) `` Echoes '' is a composition by Pink Floyd including fully extended instrumental passages , continuous sound effects , and musical improvisation . Written in 1970 by all four members of the group , `` Echoes '' provides the extended finale to Pink Floyd 's album Meddle . The track has a running time of 23:31 and takes up the entire second side of the vinyl and cassette recordings . It also appears in shortened form as the fifth track on the compilation album which took its name , Echoes : The Best of Pink Floyd . `` Echoes '' is the third-longest song in Pink Floyd 's catalogue , after `` Atom Heart Mother '' ( 23:44 ) and the combined segments of `` Shine On You Crazy Diamond '' ( 26:01 ) . Unlike those pieces , it is not explicitly divided into separate parts ; however , the composition was originally assembled from separate fragments and was later split in two parts to serve as both the opening and closing numbers in the band 's film Live at Pompeii . It retains the title as the longest song by Pink Floyd that is not split into parts . The song was used to open the band 's 1987 A Momentary Lapse of Reason Tour after not being played for over a decade , but was retired again after 11 shows . The song was finally revived again for Gilmour 's 2006 On an Island Tour where it was performed every night and a live version was released on Live in Gdańsk and Remember That Night .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26cb784cf363f8685d06c9fb4fe50312", "text": "Charlie Floyd Charlie Floyd ( born in Aynor , South Carolina ) is an American country music singer . Floyd performed in his native South Carolina for several years , and opened a nightclub called Charlie 's Nite Life in Myrtle Beach , South Carolina . In 1993 , he signed to Liberty Records and released his debut album , also titled Charlie 's Nite Life . Alanna Nash of Entertainment Weekly gave Floyd 's album a B rating , saying that Floyd had `` the gruff voice of a '70s Southern rocker but his songs belie his tough-guy sound . '' The album produced two chart singles in `` I 've Fallen in Love ( And I Ca n't Get Up ) '' and `` Good Girls Go to Heaven '' . After the album 's release , Floyd closed the nightclub , but reopened it in 1998 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dee7d55cae9af22df65d458199dfeb25", "text": "The Animals The Animals are an English rhythm and blues and rock band , formed in Newcastle upon Tyne in the early 1960s . The band moved to London upon finding fame in 1964 . The Animals were known for their gritty , bluesy sound and deep-voiced frontman Eric Burdon , as exemplified by their signature song and transatlantic No. 1 hit single , `` The House of the Rising Sun '' , as well as by hits such as `` We Got ta Get out of This Place '' , `` It 's My Life '' , `` I 'm Crying '' and `` Do n't Let Me Be Misunderstood '' . The band balanced tough , rock-edged pop singles against rhythm and blues-orientated album material . They were known in the US as part of the British Invasion . The Animals underwent numerous personnel changes in the mid-1960s and suffered from poor business management . Under the name Eric Burdon and the Animals , the much-changed act moved to California and achieved commercial success as a psychedelic and hard rock band with hits like `` San Franciscan Nights '' , `` When I Was Young '' and `` Sky Pilot '' , before disbanding at the end of the decade . Altogether , the group had ten Top Twenty hits in both the UK Singles Chart and the US Billboard Hot 100 . The original lineup of Burdon , Alan Price , Chas Chandler , Hilton Valentine and John Steel reunited for a one off benefit concert in their home city of Newcastle in 1968 . They later had brief comebacks in 1975 and 1983 . There have been several partial regroupings of the original era members since then under various names . The Animals were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ddd4c231679338e8dfa39c59e348c83", "text": "List of songs recorded by Syd Barrett The following is a sortable table of all songs by Syd Barrett : The column Song list the song title . The column Album lists the album the song is featured on . The column Year lists the year in which the song was released . If the song was never officially released on a studio album ( but released on a compilation ) , Year will list the year it was recorded ( with year of compilation in brackets ) . The column Notes lists if the song is instrumental , etc. . The column Length list the length/duration of the song .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50d210cd1cf931994d1ed34c2b8995cc", "text": "Pink Floyd Revisited Pink Floyd Revisited is a live DVD recorded by rock band Mostly Autumn in 2004 . This was a recording of a one-off concert at the Civic Hall in Stratford-Upon-Avon where they played a whole set of Pink Floyd covers . It was only available for a limited period of time and has become quite sought after by Mostly Autumn fans . The V Shows DVD was also included in the same box making it a double DVD set .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1966fd4f9396ac0e9deba57d80fb85b", "text": "Sov gott Rose-Marie Sov gott Rose-Marie ( Sleep tight , Rose-Marie ) is the 1968 debut album of International Harvester , the second incarnation of the Stockholm-based band Pärson Sound . Pärson Sound 's drone-based experimental rock sound , inspired by The Velvet Underground , Terry Riley and the Rolling Stones , was filtered through a more folky , nationalist inspired sound , in hopes to `` create a more temporary kind of rhythmic music that could play the same role as traditional folk music . '' The push towards a nationalistic sound came with the pseudo-dystopian mindset that prevailed in the Sweden of the 1960s , something that stood in dire contrast to the ` peace and love ' ethos of hippy idealism . In the mid-60s , large parts of the inner city of Stockholm , the site of many houses and homes , were bulldozed to pave way for the new architectural wave of the future : towering skyscrapers , `` glass and concrete '' . The album , with its telling opening track of Dies Irae played on horns , aims to reflect the loss of nature in the name of human advancement . Another track , `` The Runcorn Report on Western Progress '' , was written by the group 's leader , Bo Persson , and reflects a visit to Runcorn ( a suburb of Liverpool ) , in the summer of 1951 : it had n't rained for three months , and the pollution had turned the sky yellow , blotting out the sun . To follow this theme , the group changed its name from Pärson Sound to `` International Harvester '' , taken from the American company that manufactured agricultural machines . To quote Swedish freelance journalist Magnus Haglund , `` It meant death . Death to western culture . Death to all kinds of borders . '' The first eleven pieces on the album are juxtaposition of bizarre pieces , ranging from `` There Is No Other Place '' , which seems to take its cue from Syd Barret-era Pink Floyd , to the slow dirges of `` Sommarlåten ( The Summer Song ) '' and `` Sov Gott Rose-Marie '' , with tracks in between such as `` Ho Chi Minh '' , a percussive track featuring woman chanting `` Ho , Ho , Ho Chi Minh ! '' , and the flute-based folk of `` Ut Till Vänster ( Out to the Left ) '' . The remaining three tracks are live recordings of jams . `` I Mourn You '' once again reflects the loss of the environment in the name of western progression . The track is an ode to one of Persson 's main influences , ecology philosopher and food industry researcher Georg Borgstrom . Following the more rock overtones of `` I Mourn You '' is the folkier , drone based `` How to Survive . '' The bonus closing track , introduced on various reissues , clocking at nearly twenty-five minutes , `` Skördetider ( Harvest Times ) , points in the direction of the band 's following release , Hemåt , under the shortened name Harvester .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30a0891f29ecafa05bf30364494f1c39", "text": "Peterson Electro-Musical Products Peterson Electro-Musical Products , Inc. is a music-electronics company founded by Richard H. Peterson in 1948 . The Peterson company introduced the first commercial handheld electronic tuner for musicians , the Model 70 , in 1964 , and later its models of strobe tuners became popular among touring and studio musicians such as the Grateful Dead , The Who , Pink Floyd , Frank Zappa , Jimi Hendrix , and Neil Young . Since its inception the company has also contributed notable inventions and innovations to the electronic organ , and its products are in use in many thousands of pipe organs , and hundreds of thousands of electronic organs , worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d274ce0861ebf8bce32fcb86260e0d37", "text": "Beatlemania in the United Kingdom The phenomenon known as Beatlemania originated in the United Kingdom , birthplace of the Beatles , when the band first realised enormous popularity there in 1963 . Returning in 1962 from a highly formative two-year residency in Germany , the Beatles achieved a commercial breakthrough with their second UK single release , `` Please Please Me '' early in 1963 , but gained `` Superstar '' status with the release of `` She Loves You '' later that year . There followed an almost non-stop series of concerts and tours , attended with feverish enthusiasm across the UK , for the whole of the following year . The Beatles ' popularity in the UK came to exceed even that of the notable American artists Tommy Roe , Chris Montez and Roy Orbison , whose UK chart success at the time did not keep them from being overshadowed by the Beatles during their 1963 nationwide tours with the lower-billed band -- an achievement previously unknown for a UK act . With intense media interest in the Beatles during 1963 , the year was also taken up with TV shows , press interviews and a weekly radio show . Despite these demands the band found time for many sessions in the recording studio , releasing two albums and four singles during the year . 1963 was also the year when Lennon 's son Julian was born . By the end of 1963 , Beatlemania would begin to spread internationally . The single `` I Want to Hold Your Hand '' entered the US charts on 18 January 1964 , selling one-and-a-half million copies in under three weeks , and the following month the Beatles made their first visit to America . The great interest in the Beatles brought about a major change in US attitudes to popular music and marked the start of the phenomenon known as the British Invasion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8aae21dc193e6182cd6917de0b681c08", "text": "Eclipse (song) `` Eclipse '' is the tenth and final track from British progressive rock band Pink Floyd 's 1973 album , The Dark Side of the Moon . It was sung by Roger Waters , with harmonies by David Gilmour and Rick Wright . After Waters left the band , Gilmour sang the lead when performing live . This song was one of several to be considered for the band 's `` best of '' album , Echoes : The Best of Pink Floyd .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5fcd8adfad5b26687426a3453a6f8039", "text": "Characteristics of progressive rock Progressive rock is a term that refers to a musical style . The term was originally referred to as `` classical rock '' ( in which a band performed together with an orchestra ) , but the term 's use has expanded in recent years to include other fusions of music styles including jazz fusion , metal and folk rock musics . The term does not refer to one particular music style but to an approach that combines elements of diverse styles . Jerry Ewing , editor of Prog Magazine , explains that `` Prog is not just a sound , it 's a mindset . '' Dream Theater guitarist John Petrucci outlines that Progressive rock is defined by its very lack of stylistic boundaries . The advent of the concept album , plus the genre 's roots in psychedelia , led albums and performances to be viewed as combined presentations of music , lyrics , and visuals . Bands abandoned the short pop single in favor of instrumentation and compositional techniques more frequently associated with jazz or classical music as part of an effort to give rock music the same level of musical sophistication and critical respect . Progressive rock abandons the danceable beat that defines earlier rock styles and is more likely than other types of popular music to experiment with compositional structure , instrumentation , harmony and rhythm , or lyrical content . It may demand more effort on the part of the listener than other types of music . Musicians in progressive rock typically display a high degree of instrumental skill , although this is not always the case . Virtuoso instrumental skills are so closely associated with progressive rock that authors such as Bill Martin consider it as a defining element and exclude bands such as Pink Floyd from consideration . It is not uncommon for musicians to have received a higher-than-average level of formal training . Players from the genre frequently appear in readers ' polls of publications that cater to musicians .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09e446d48c57feb0a6090f6ef59714d6", "text": "One of the Few `` One of the Few '' is a song by the British progressive rock band Pink Floyd . It was released as the third track on The Final Cut album in 1983 . The song is 1 minute and 12 seconds long . It features a ticking clock in the background and a steady drumbeat . The melody features most of the D minor scale . The lyrics describe a war veteran 's return from the battlefield to pursue teaching . The ticking clock continues to the next track , `` The Hero 's Return '' , which is sung from the veteran 's perspective . This is one of the rejected songs from The Wall and its working title was `` Teach '' . The lyrics `` Make 'em laugh , Make 'em cry '' in the third and final verse of the song is reprised in the third verse of `` Not Now John '' which is the twelfth track of the album The Final Cut .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1e8dc407522648f1ca3d80f9a370f20", "text": "Splendor Solis (album) Splendor Solis ( 1993 ) is The Tea Party 's second album , and their first major label release on EMI Music Canada . The overall tone of the album is very organic and natural , with many songs featuring 6 - and 12-string guitar acoustic guitars , and very little in terms of electronic effects or production techniques . The album draws heavily on the rock and blues of the 1970s , as well as displaying some psychedelic influences . As a result , The Tea Party was often compared to Led Zeppelin , a parallel that was reinforced by Jeff Martin playing guitar with a violin bow ( not unlike Jimmy Page ) on `` Save Me '' . Martin 's appearance , voice and singing style also drew comparisons to those of Jim Morrison , as did some of the album 's lyrics . `` Sure , '' said Stuart Chatwood said of these comparisons `` we draw from 70s rock as much as the other influences we 've talked about . You ca n't ignore the power that Led Zeppelin or The Doors had , and there are elements of those influences in our songs , but it 's a cop out to then write us off as some retro act . If people listen closely , they 'll appreciate the originality of what we 're doing , time changes . The fact that Jeff 's a rock baritone does n't justify the laziness of critics who slag him as a Morrison wanna-be . '' Splendor Solis sold very well in Canada , reaching # 20 on the Canadian album chart and platinum status in 1994 ( now double platinum in 2000 ) , and earning a Juno nomination for `` Best Hard Rock Album '' . The band was also nominated for `` Best New Group '' . Splendor Solis was also The Tea Party 's first gold selling album in Australia , where the band had enjoyed great success throughout their career .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "29aad63eefc462089f2a0e33b186c3ae", "text": "Us and Them: Symphonic Pink Floyd Us and Them : Symphonic Pink Floyd is an instrumental album of Pink Floyd songs . The album was arranged by Jaz Coleman , produced by Youth and performed by the London Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Peter Scholes . The album cover was painted by Roger Dean who is known for his organic paintings . He also designed albums for Asia , Uriah Heep , and Yes . The album , which features six songs taken from The Dark Side of the Moon released in 1973 and three from The Wall released in 1979 , peaked at number one in the Billboard Magazine Top Classical Crossover Albums chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7fa3f98cac8a405d420cda6d13d37e60", "text": "Southampton Dock `` Southampton Dock '' is a song from Pink Floyd 's 1983 album , The Final Cut . In World War II , many soldiers departed from Southampton to fight against the Germans . In the eighties , Southampton was again used as a departure base , this time for the Falklands War . The song describes a woman who waves the soldiers `` Goodbye again '' . The song includes a snippet of the theme from the track `` It 's Never too Late '' , a song originally written and recorded for Pink Floyd The Wall but was cut before the final band production demo of August 12 , 1979 . `` It 's Never Too Late '' was later reworked and the melody was incorporated into the second section of `` Southampton Dock '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25b5927a860ff35966965997f60bfbb9", "text": "Turrentine Jones Turrentine Jones are an English indie rock band formed in 2012 in Manchester , UK . The band consists of Julian Neville ( guitar/vocals ) , Joe Chilstone-Vause ( bass ) and Rich Watts ( drums/backing vocals ) . They have released one studio album : Our Days ( 2014 ) and one live album Live in York ( 2015 ) as well as two singles . The band cites Booker T. & the MG 's , The Mar-Keys and the Rolling Stones as influences . The band has been labelled a `` Future Classic '' and described as `` infectious blues-rock '' by national radio station , Real Radio XS and proclaimed by Hattie Pearson of XFM to be `` one of Manchester 's finest exports in recent times . '' All the music and lyrics for Turrentine Jones ' songs are written by the band 's frontman Julian Neville .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "66c4b5c0d54b3121bb66a8f02d263e31", "text": "Michael Giacchino Michael Giacchino ( -LSB- dʒakˈkiːno -RSB- ; born October 10 , 1967 ) is an American composer of music for films , television and video games . He composed the scores to the television series Lost , Alias and Fringe , the video ' game series Medal of Honor and Call of Duty and many films such as The Incredibles , Ratatouille , Up , Mission : Impossible - Ghost Protocol , Dawn of the Planet of the Apes , Jurassic World , Inside Out , Star Trek Beyond , Doctor Strange , Rogue One and Spider-Man : Homecoming . Giacchino has received an Emmy Award and multiple Grammy Awards , as well as a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award for his work on Up .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b7e2c503f901364f706a5c5a81eb236a", "text": "Stargate fandom Stargate fandom is a community of people actively interested in the military science fiction film Stargate and the television shows Stargate SG-1 ( SG1 ) , Stargate Infinity ( SGI ) , Stargate Atlantis ( SGA ) , Stargate Universe ( SGU ) and their spin offs . The first franchise release , Stargate ( 1994 ) spawned four television series successors , four movies ( two in production ) , a plethora of merchandise , and a massive franchise collectively known as the Stargate ( owned by Metro -- Goldwyn -- Mayer and aired by Syfy , which now owns television properties they previously held with Carolco Pictures ) . Thanks to Stargate fandom , the franchise has spawned other media including books , television series , video games , comic books and audiobooks . These supplements to the film and series trilogies comprise another universe than the series and the film , and have resulted in significant development of the series ' fictional universe . These media kept the franchise going in the interim between the film and series trilogies . In 2008 , Stargate : The Ark of Truth and Continuum was released direct-to-DVD , which in total grossed over 21 million in the United States . In 2002 , the franchise 's first animated series , Stargate Infinity , was released as an introduction to the Expanded Universe . In 2004 , Stargate Atlantis was released as a spin off from Stargate SG-1 and a new Stargate spin-off series entitled Stargate Universe was released in the fall of 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "611f38234017034da86fa24ecc413ac6", "text": "Michael Seifert (producer) Michael Seifert is a multi-platinum award winning music producer , writer , arranger and recording engineer based in Cleveland , Ohio . Michael 's credits include work for Nicholas Megalis , Island/Def Jam recording artist Gentlemen Hall , Tori Amos , Regina Spektor , Fountains of Wayne , Lifehouse ( band ) , Colbie Caillat , Gerald Levert , Bone Thugs-n-Harmony , Too Short , 8 Ball & MJG , UGK , Chuck Mosley ( Faith No More ) , Guided by Voices , J. Mascis ( Dinosaur Jr. ) , blues legend Robert Lockwood , Jr. , Kate Voegele , Mr. Gnome , Grammy award winners Snarky Puppy , and many more . Michael has scored independent films and major motion pictures including composing , arranging , recording , and production work on Bram Stoker 's Dracula ( Special Edition ) , The Outsiders : The Complete Novel , the Apocalypse Now Documentary `` Heart of Darkness '' , and most recently The Godfather trilogy FFC restoration special edition for legendary film producer/director Francis Ford Coppola . He has also composed , recorded , and produced music for Fox TV , CBS , MTV , American Greetings , Sports Illustrated , Reebok , and many others . A self-taught multi instrumentalist , Michael often performs on both sides of the glass when working on a project .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "adb715346ec337def0c4b40709cb5e1b", "text": "James Oliverio James Oliverio is an American composer of film scores and contemporary classical music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8647b2eb8a26e412ed44ffe47fcb933d", "text": "Alien (film) Alien is a 1979 British-American science-fiction horror film directed by Ridley Scott , and starring Sigourney Weaver , Tom Skerritt , Veronica Cartwright , Harry Dean Stanton , John Hurt , Ian Holm and Yaphet Kotto . The film 's title refers to a highly aggressive extraterrestrial creature that stalks and kills the crew of a spaceship . Dan O'Bannon wrote the screenplay from a story he wrote with Ronald Shusett , drawing influence from previous works of science fiction and horror . The film was produced by Gordon Carroll , David Giler and Walter Hill through their Brandywine Productions and distributed by 20th Century Fox . Giler and Hill made revisions and additions to the script . Shusett was executive producer . The eponymous Alien and its accompanying elements were designed by Swiss artist H. R. Giger , while concept artists Ron Cobb and Chris Foss designed the human aspects of the film . Alien launched the Alien franchise and is chronologically the first of the main series , with the prequel series set in an earlier timeframe . Alien received both critical acclaim and box office success , receiving an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects , Saturn Awards for Best Science Fiction Film , Best Direction for Scott , and Best Supporting Actress for Cartwright , and a Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation , along with numerous other award nominations . It has remained highly praised in subsequent decades , being considered one of the greatest films of all time . In 2002 , the film was deemed `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' by the Library of Congress and was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry . In 2008 , it was ranked as the seventh-best film in the science fiction genre by the American Film Institute , and as the 33rd greatest film of all time by Empire magazine . The success of Alien spawned a media franchise of novels , comic books , video games , and toys . It also launched Weaver 's acting career by providing her with her first lead role , and the story of her character Ellen Ripley 's encounters with the Alien creatures became the thematic thread that ran through the sequels Aliens ( 1986 ) , Alien 3 ( 1992 ) and Alien : Resurrection ( 1997 ) . , a crossover with the Predator franchise produced the Alien vs. Predator series , which includes Alien vs. Predator ( 2004 ) and Aliens vs. Predator : Requiem ( 2007 ) , and also a prequel series of films , which includes Prometheus ( 2012 ) and Alien : Covenant ( 2017 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe6f5ee0b4f3900f5e6955b3e9a0f2b0", "text": "Harry Manfredini Harry Manfredini ( born August 25 , 1943 in Chicago , Illinois ) is an American film composer and jazz soloist , who has scored more than one hundred films , most notably perhaps the Friday the 13th film series . He has had years of classical training , as well as twenty years in the popular music scene . His style of music compares to Bernard Herrmann . In conversation with Russian journalist and composer Tony Vilgotsky Harry Manfredini said that his musical tastes and style were influenced by such composers like Giacomo Puccini , Igor Stravinsky , Maurice Ravel and others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "769b58c3f85120b33ad3867830f808ab", "text": "For Your Eyes Only (soundtrack) For Your Eyes Only is the soundtrack for the 12th James Bond film of the same name . The theme song was written by Bill Conti ( music ) and Michael Leeson ( lyrics ) , and performed by Sheena Easton . The song was later nominated for both an Academy Award and Golden Globe in 1982 . Easton also made Bond film history as the first ( and , to date , only ) artist to perform the theme song on-screen during the opening title sequence . Originally , the band Blondie was approached to write and perform the theme song for the film . They produced a song also called For Your Eyes Only that they turned in to the producers , however , this was rejected because the company wanted the Conti song and the band refused , and subsequently asked Easton to record an entirely new theme . Blondie eventually released their song on the 1982 album The Hunter . The track Make It Last All Night , performed by Rage and used for the scene at hitman Gonzales ' Spanish poolside , is notable for lyrics more suggestive than in almost any other Bond film . The soundtrack was composed by Bill Conti , since the series ' regular composer , John Barry , was unable to work in the UK for tax reasons ( he , like many high earning Britons , had become a tax exile in the 1970s ) . Barry had recommended Conti as a possible alternative . Conti 's score is notable for its use of disco elements ( which prompted Danny Biederman to write in the liner notes to the two-CD releaseThe Best of James Bond : 30th Anniversary Limited Edition , `` Conti 's largely disco-styled score feels more like a celebration of the music of the moment than a score of durability '' ) . During the main ski chase sequence ( the track Runaway ) , Conti showed that he had versed himself in the previous Bond films ' music , as his manages to evoke memories of the music from previous ski action in both OHMSS and The Spy Who Loved Me . This , Conti 's only contribution to the series to date , was released as an album concurrent with the film 's release and later on a bootleg compact disc in combination with John Barry 's music from Octopussy . When the soundtrack was officially released on CD in the year 2000 , six bonus tracks were added that further showed Conti 's versatile approach to the film , aiding the production in its return to a tougher , more realistic James Bond . Not released but also heard in the film is a brief homage to John Williams ' familiar theme from Jaws , when an unseen underwater horror ( it is revealed to be an attacker in a J.I.M. diving suit ) approaches within the sunken ship . This was the third Bond film in a row to wittily include familiar music from a classic film . Additionally , notes from the title song to The Spy Who Loved Me , `` Nobody Does It Better '' , can be heard as the tones of a key code for a security door early in the film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e52a3df12404050820ac244e41347a68", "text": "Zack Hemsey Zack Hemsey ( born 1983 ) is an American recording artist , rapper and composer , whose work has been largely popularized through its use in films and film trailers . A notable example was `` Trailer 3 '' of the 2010 movie Inception which included his composed piece `` Mind Heist '' ; it is a common misconception that the piece for this trailer was composed by Hans Zimmer because Zimmer composed the official score for the movie itself . `` Mind Heist '' was also used for the introduction video for the video game Madden NFL 12 and is sometimes used by the show `` America 's Got Talent '' . Hemsey 's music has also been used in trailers for 2 Guns , The Town , and Lincoln . `` Vengeance '' was featured in the movie The Equalizer , in a trailer for the second season of the HBO program Game of Thrones , and the trailer for the 21st Century Fox miniseries `` 24 : Live Another Day '' , the latter airing during the 2014 Super Bowl . Hemsey began his career as the composer for an obscure hip-hop group called Nine Leaves , where he was also one of five lyricists / MCs . He began a solo career in 2010 with the release of `` Empty Room '' and has continued to independently release his own Epic Music studio albums and singles , all of which tend to combine elements of orchestral score , hip-hop , world instrumentation , and/or alternative/rock . Hemsey has written articles on a variety of subject matter , which he has published on his personal blog , Thoughts & Ramblings . Topics have included MMA , the birth of his child and a research paper on a rare GBS infection that can occur in newborn babies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6", "text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4872947f5049727ae5c73b4900c1f857", "text": "Mike Costanza Mike Costanza is an award-winning filmmaker and writer/director . Mike began his career in the Art Department on feature films . He then went on to direct short films . Mike 's short Mama Said screened at Sundance and in the prestigious Official Selection of films in Competition at The Cannes Film Festival and was nominated for the Palme d'Or award . Stylized with disorienting authenticity , Mama Said is a critique of Race relations and pop culture of 60 's America . Mama Said also screened on The Sundance Channel . The Collingswood Story is Mike 's innovative horror film . Made years before Skype and Video conferencing were mainstream , TCS explores the lives of a young couple attempting a long distance relationship via webcams . His film screened at numerous festivals including Frightfest in London , won the Best Indie Film and Best Cast Award and received worldwide praise with quotes including : `` A Low Budget Triumph '' , `` Inventive and Frightening '' , and `` The Best Low Budget Horror Movie Since The Blair Witch Project '' . Michael 's additional credits include Creator/Producer of the television series Dante 's Cove . Venturing into New media , Michael created the popular genre portal eerieTube.com . EerieTube showcases original content , stylized news and reviews , geared towards the Science fiction and Horror genre . In addition , Michael directed Music videos and EPKs for various labels including Capitol Records , Verve , and Sony Music Entertainment . in 2013 the filmmaker sued the producers of Paranormal Activity and Paramount for copyright infringement as a result `` the matter has been resolved amicably '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "500282fa79e0677f7a9b0d80f4ffade7", "text": "Michael Tavera Michael Anthony `` Mike '' Tavera ( born September 24 , 1961 ) is an American composer best known for his animation scores . He has also worked on countless television series , live-action films , and direct-to-video sequels .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82ce5efc975419724b224b726e86091e", "text": "Set piece In film production , a set piece is a scene or sequence of scenes whose execution requires serious logistical planning and considerable expenditure of money . The term set piece is often used more broadly to describe any important dramatic or comedic highpoint in a film or story , particularly those that provide some kind of dramatic payoff , resolution , or transition . Thus the term is often used to describe any scenes that are so essential to a film that they can not be edited out or skipped in the shooting schedule without seriously damaging the integrity of the finished product . Often , screenplays are written around a list of such set pieces , particularly in high-budget `` event movies '' . Set pieces are very often planned meticulously using storyboards , screentests , and rehearsals , in contrast to smaller scenes where the director and actors may be more improvisational . Each action requires the combined efforts of different departments : set builders , physical effects , and special visual effects . On most films , different groups of people will work on different set pieces individually since they can take a long time to prepare before shooting . For example , the car chase in The Matrix Reloaded took months to prepare and cost $ 30 million , including $ 5 million to build the freeway set .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc293cb9a5e20b2cd742e63486a066c6", "text": "The Amazing Spider-Man (soundtrack) The Amazing Spider-Man : Music from the Motion Picture is a soundtrack album to the 2012 film The Amazing Spider-Man composed by James Horner . which was released by Sony Classical .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0ea468e325bbaefc44ef8a32cc694ef", "text": "Gladiator (soundtrack) Gladiator is the original soundtrack of the 2000 film of the same name . The original score and songs were composed by Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerrard and were released in 2000 , titled Gladiator : Music From the Motion Picture . The Lyndhurst Orchestra performing the score was conducted by Gavin Greenaway . The album won the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score and was also nominated for the Academy Award and BAFTA Award for Best Score ( `` Anthony Asquith Award for Film Music '' ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d34cb07d090dc1bbf1d0a1524705fe2e", "text": "Tenebrae (film) Tenebrae ( also known as Tenebre ) is a 1982 English-language Italian giallo film written and directed by Dario Argento . The film stars Anthony Franciosa as American author Peter Neal , who -- while in Rome promoting his latest murder-mystery novel -- becomes embroiled in the search for a serial killer who may have been inspired to kill by the novel . John Saxon and Daria Nicolodi co-star as Neal 's agent and assistant ; Giuliano Gemma and Carola Stagnaro appear as detectives investigating the murders . John Steiner , Veronica Lario and Mirella D'Angelo also feature . The film has been described as exploring themes of dualism and sexual aberration , and has strong metafictional elements ; some commentators consider Tenebrae to be a direct reaction by Argento to criticism of his previous work , most especially his depictions of murders of beautiful women . After Argento had experimented with pure supernatural horror with 1977 's Suspiria and 1980 's Inferno , Tenebrae represented the filmmaker 's return to the giallo horror subgenre , which he had helped popularize in the 1970s . Argento was inspired by a series of incidents which saw an obsessed fan telephone the director to criticise him for the damaging psychological effects of his previous work . The telephone calls culminated in death threats towards Argento , who channelled the experience into the writing of Tenebrae . The director also wanted to explore the senselessness of killings he had witnessed and heard about while staying in Los Angeles in 1980 , and his feeling at the time that true horror came from those who wanted `` to kill for nothing '' . Shot on location in Rome and at Elios Studios , Tenebrae utilised mostly modern-looking locations and sets to help Argento realise his intent that the film reflect a near-future with a diminished population ; the director filmed none of the historical landmarks that usually featured in films set in Rome . Employing director of photography Luciano Tovoli , Argento also intended that the film simulate the stark , realistic lighting featured in television police shows at the time ; production designer Giuseppe Bassa created supporting environments that were cold and austere , with sharp angles and modernistic spaces . Several former members of Italian rock band Goblin provided Tenebraes music , a synth-heavy score inspired by rock and disco music . Tenebrae was a modest success in Italy ; it reached theatres with little controversy after Argento made cuts to one of the most violent scenes . However , in the United Kingdom , it was added to the infamous list of `` video nasties '' and banned from sale until 1999 . The film 's theatrical distribution in the United States was delayed until 1984 , when it was released in a heavily censored version under the title Unsane . In its cut form , Tenebrae received a mostly negative critical reception , but the original , fully restored version later became widely available for reappraisal ; it is considered by some to be one of Argento 's best thrillers . The film critic and author Maitland McDonagh said that it was `` in many respects ... the finest film that Argento has ever made '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b91773ee1a049d5aca4ecb07a029d264", "text": "Steve Jablonsky Steve Jablonsky ( born October 9 , 1970 ) is an American composer for film , television and video games , best known for his musical scores in the Transformers film series . Some of his frequent collaboration partners include film directors Michael Bay and Peter Berg , and fellow composer Hans Zimmer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a096452a22f0807c7d59cf9d5007bf88", "text": "Music video game A music video game , also commonly known as a music game , is a video game where the gameplay is meaningfully and often almost entirely oriented around the player 's interactions with a musical score or individual songs . Music video games may take a variety of forms and are often grouped with puzzle games due to their common use of `` rhythmically generated puzzles '' . Strong support for the convergence of live music and video games is evident with the success of the Video Games Live concert series . Emergent games for live concert performance , `` game-scores '' , augment traditional western music notation with the dramatic elements of animation , interactivity , graphic elements and aleatoric principles ( Anigraphical Music ) . The concept of incorporating game theory and music is not new and can be traced back to Musikalisches Würfelspiel . Music video games are distinct from purely audio games ( e.g. the 1997 Sega Saturn release Real Sound : Kaze no Regret ) in that they feature a visual feedback , to lead the player through the game 's soundtrack , although eidetic music games can fall under both categories .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d67e6f4e87164f14868e3f6cf979202e", "text": "The Lost World: Jurassic Park (film score) Like its predecessor , The Lost World : Jurassic Park was scored by famed composer John Williams ( a longtime collaborator with director Steven Spielberg ) , orchestrated by Conrad Pope and John Neufeld , and recorded in Los Angeles . Notably , Williams did not write a stereotypical sequel score , but instead developed a wildly different style for the different location , cast , and darker tone of the second Jurassic Park film . The original soundtrack album -- released by MCA Records on April 30 , 1997 -- features over seventy minutes of the film 's music , including some material that was unused in the film 's final cut ( e.g. `` The Hunt '' ) . The single disc is packaged in a paper case that opens to reveal dioramas of jungle scenery and dinosaurs from the film . A John Williams collection edition , joint with the soundtrack to the first movie , was released by La-La Land Records on November 29 , 2016 , remastered and featuring additional unreleased music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d11852e832af2e497fc940afe9dc425e", "text": "Mordin Solus Mordin Solus is a fictional character in BioWare 's Mass Effect franchise , who serves as a party member ( or `` squadmate '' ) in Mass Effect 2 . A salarian ( one of Mass Effects alien races ) physician and life scientist , Mordin strengthened a weakening artificial sterility plague , named the genophage , used against the krogan -- a fast-breeding warlike alien race . Fast-talking and affable , Mordin is guided by scientific principles and logic rather than morals . He returns in Mass Effect 3 , where he has developed a cure for the genophage and intends to distribute it in the atmosphere of Tuchanka , the krogan homeworld . The character is also featured in the ninth issue of Mass Effect : Foundation , which explores his creation of and the distribution of the strengthened genophage . Mordin is voiced by Michael Beattie in 2 and William Salyers in 3 , and was written by Patrick Weekes . His race was conceived as a variant of the gray alien archetype , while the character is designed with clothes that hint towards a labcoat . Inspiration for his face was taken from Clint Eastwood . David Kates composed his musical theme , a highly electronic piece in comparison to some of 2s more orchestral pieces . The character has been positively received , being nominated for three `` Best New Character '' awards and earning numerous placements in `` top character '' lists . In addition , 1UP . com ran an article focusing on how Mordin was `` awesome '' . At one point in the second game , Mordin sings an alternate version of Gilbert and Sullivan 's Major-General 's Song ; numerous critics considered it one of the trilogy 's best moments . As with other Mass Effect squadmates , merchandise for Mordin has been made , such as a bust .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f45f9222a3ccaaeeed14340efacdbe70", "text": "Music Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time . The common elements of music are pitch ( which governs melody and harmony ) , rhythm ( and its associated concepts tempo , meter , and articulation ) , dynamics ( loudness and softness ) , and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture ( which are sometimes termed the `` color '' of a musical sound ) . Different styles or types of music may emphasize , de-emphasize or omit some of these elements . Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping ; there are solely instrumental pieces , solely vocal pieces ( such as songs without instrumental accompaniment ) and pieces that combine singing and instruments . The word derives from Greek μουσική #Ancient Greek ( mousike ; `` art of the Muses '' ) . In its most general form , the activities describing music as an art form or cultural activity include the creation of works of music ( songs , tunes , symphonies , and so on ) , the criticism of music , the study of the history of music , and the aesthetic examination of music . Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies . Common sayings such as `` the harmony of the spheres '' and `` it is music to my ears '' point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to . However , 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music , saying , for example , `` There is no noise , only sound . '' The creation , performance , significance , and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context . Indeed , throughout history , some new forms or styles of music have been criticized as `` not being music '' , including Beethoven 's Grosse Fuge string quartet in 1825 , early jazz in the beginning of the 1900s and hardcore punk in the 1980s . There are many types of music , including popular music , traditional music , art music , music written for religious ceremonies and work songs such as chanteys . Music ranges from strictly organized compositions -- such as Classical music symphonies from the 1700s and 1800s , through to spontaneously played improvisational music such as jazz , and avant-garde styles of chance-based contemporary music from the 20th and 21st centuries . Music can be divided into genres ( e.g. , country music ) and genres can be further divided into subgenres ( e.g. , country blues and pop country are two of the many country subgenres ) , although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle , sometimes open to personal interpretation , and occasionally controversial . For example , it can be hard to draw the line between some early 1980s hard rock and heavy metal . Within the arts , music may be classified as a performing art , a fine art or as an auditory art . Music may be played or sung and heard live at a rock concert or orchestra performance , heard live as part of a dramatic work ( a music theater show or opera ) , or it may be recorded and listened to on a radio , MP3 player , CD player , smartphone or as film score or TV show . In many cultures , music is an important part of people 's way of life , as it plays a key role in religious rituals , rite of passage ceremonies ( e.g. , graduation and marriage ) , social activities ( e.g. , dancing ) and cultural activities ranging from amateur karaoke singing to playing in an amateur funk band or singing in a community choir . People may make music as a hobby , like a teen playing cello in a youth orchestra , or work as a professional musician or singer . The music industry includes the individuals who create new songs and musical pieces ( such as songwriters and composers ) , individuals who perform music ( which include orchestra , jazz band and rock band musicians , singers and conductors ) , individuals who record music ( music producers and sound engineers ) , individuals who organize concert tours , and individuals who sell recordings and sheet music and scores to customers .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "401b9e69df0a73230d58f381180504af", "text": "The Producers (2005 film) The Producers is a 2005 American musical comedy film directed by Susan Stroman and written by Mel Brooks and Thomas Meehan based on the 2001 Broadway musical , which in turn was based on Brooks ' 1968 film of the same name starring Zero Mostel , Gene Wilder , and Andreas Voutsinas . The film stars an ensemble cast led by Nathan Lane , Matthew Broderick , Uma Thurman , Will Ferrell , Gary Beach , Roger Bart , and Jon Lovitz . The creature effects for Tom the Cat and the performing pigeons were provided by Jim Henson 's Creature Shop . The Producers was released in the United States by Universal Pictures in a limited release on December 16 , 2005 , followed by a wide release on December 25 . It garnered generally mixed reviews from critics and was a commercial failure , grossing only $ 19.4 million domestically and $ 38.1 million worldwide from a $ 45 million budget .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7a20829c635571e4748e3ae41753693", "text": "Will Ferrell John William Ferrell ( -LSB- ˈfɛrəl -RSB- born July 16 , 1967 ) is an American actor , comedian , producer , and writer . He first established himself in the mid-1990s as a cast member on the NBC sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live , and has subsequently starred in comedy films such as Anchorman : The Legend of Ron Burgundy ( 2004 ) , Talladega Nights ( 2006 ) , Step Brothers ( 2008 ) , The Other Guys ( 2010 ) and Anchorman 2 : The Legend Continues ( 2013 ) , all but one of which he co-wrote with his comedy partner Adam McKay . The two also founded the comedy website Funny or Die in 2007 . Other films roles include Elf , Old School ( both 2003 ) , Blades of Glory ( 2007 ) , and the animated films Megamind ( 2010 ) and The Lego Movie ( 2014 ) . Ferrell is considered a member of the `` Frat Pack '' , a generation of leading Hollywood comic actors who emerged in the late 1990s and the 2000s , including Jack Black , Ben Stiller , Steve Carell , Vince Vaughn , and brothers Owen and Luke Wilson . He received an Emmy Award nomination for his work on Saturday Night Live , and two Golden Globe Award nominations for The Producers ( 2005 ) and Stranger than Fiction ( 2006 ) . He was also named the best comedian of 2015 in the British GQ Men of the Year awards . Ferrell received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on March 26 , 2015 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "4565a10f4500cbf4268599e5282779dd", "text": "College Humor (film) College Humor is a 1933 American pre-Code musical comedy film , directed by Wesley Ruggles , and starring Bing Crosby , Jack Oakie , Richard Arlen , Mary Kornman and Mary Carlisle . Based on a story by Dean Fales , the film is about a college professor and the school 's star football player who become rivals for the same beautiful coed . Released by Paramount Pictures , the film co-stars George Burns and Gracie Allen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8d8bd8ea47b3a551da7321b96d3e440", "text": "Big Willie Style Big Willie Style is the debut solo studio album by American rapper Will Smith . It was released on November 25 , 1997 , by Columbia Records . Recording sessions took place from 1996 to 1997 , with a range of several record producers that Will was working with such as Poke & Tone and his former collaborator DJ Jazzy Jeff on the album . The album reached the top ten on both the US Billboard 200 and the UK Albums Chart , and later became a certified multi-platinum in a number of regions and countries . The album was supported by five singles : `` Men in Black '' , `` Just Cruisin ' '' , `` Gettin ' Jiggy wit It '' , `` Just the Two of Us '' and `` Miami '' . After releasing five albums as part of the duo DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince , Smith turned his focus to acting , starring in films such as Bad Boys and Independence Day . During the same period he recorded his first solo album , including the single `` Men in Black '' , which is the theme song to the film of the same name , which topped singles charts in a number of countries . Big Willie Style went on to become Smith 's most commercially successful album , earning him a number of music awards and nominations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d9f52460e51b75afda40125fc2d76d5", "text": "That Thing You Do! That Thing You Do ! is a 1996 American musical comedy-drama film written and directed by Tom Hanks in his directional debut , who also co-stars in it . Set in the summer of 1964 , the film tells the story of the rise and fall of a one-hit wonder pop band . The film also resulted in a musical hit with the song `` That Thing You Do '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aee940dcae210c43c4516a547c89ae5e", "text": "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1939 film) The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a 1939 film adaptation of Mark Twain 's classic novel of the same name , starring Mickey Rooney in the title role . The supporting cast features Walter Connolly , William Frawley and Rex Ingram . It was remade in 1974 as a musical .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f13946f5af1b42c9bc0e5e62ddc72bcb", "text": "Going Up (musical) Going Up is a musical comedy in three acts with music by Louis Hirsch and book and lyrics by Otto Harbach and James Montgomery . Set in Lenox , Massachusetts , United States at the end of World War I , the musical tells the story of a writer turned aviator who wins the hand of the high society girl that he loves by his daring handling of the joystick of a biplane . Popular songs included `` Hip Hooray , '' `` If You Look in Her Eyes , '' `` Kiss Me , '' `` Going Up , '' `` Do It for Me , '' `` The Tickle Toe , '' and `` Down ! Up ! Left ! Right ! '' . The musical was a hit on Broadway in 1917 and again the following year in London . Revivals and a film adaptation followed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49c95b95bf0615ead1ba706ef5cc51b1", "text": "Hello, Dolly! (film) Hello , Dolly ! is a 1969 American romantic comedy musical film based on the Broadway production of the same name . Directed by Gene Kelly and adapted and produced by Ernest Lehman , the cast includes Barbra Streisand , Walter Matthau , Michael Crawford , Danny Lockin , Tommy Tune , Fritz Feld , Marianne McAndrew , E. J. Peaker and Louis Armstrong ( whose recording of the title tune had become a number-one single in May 1964 ) . The film follows the story of Dolly Levi ( a strong-willed matchmaker ) , as she travels to Yonkers , New York , to find a match for the miserly `` well-known unmarried half-a-millionaire '' Horace Vandergelder . In doing so she convinces his niece , his niece 's intended , and Horace 's two clerks to travel to New York City . The film won three Oscars for Best Art Direction , Best Score of a Musical Picture , and Best Sound Mixing and was nominated for a further four Academy Awards , including Best Picture . Although the film eventually broke even , it was not a commercial success .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ba613f2c0282b87e4ac1f9b3ad1c95b", "text": "Honeydripper (film) Honeydripper is a 2007 American musical drama film written and directed by John Sayles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b654d41084439a4e4a81607e8d73e62d", "text": "Bubbling Over (film) Bubbling Over is a 1934 American musical comedy short film directed by Leigh Jason .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2cb91d376000c34481bc263744ebb4f", "text": "The Full Monty (musical) The Full Monty is a musical with a book by Terrence McNally and score by David Yazbek . In this Americanized musical stage version adapted from the 1997 British film of the same name , six unemployed Buffalo steelworkers , low on both cash and prospects , decide to present a strip act at a local club after seeing their wives ' enthusiasm for a touring company of Chippendales . One of them , Jerry , declares that their show will be better than the Chippendales dancers because they 'll go `` the full monty '' -- strip all the way . As they prepare for the show , working through their fears , self-consciousness , and anxieties , they overcome their inner demons and find strength in their camaraderie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9500fcc08ece53f4c139ac1433fdaf9a", "text": "A Deadly Adoption A Deadly Adoption is a 2015 American made for television dramatic-thriller film directed by Rachel Lee Goldenberg and written by Andrew Steele . The film aired on the Lifetime Network on June 20 , 2015 . It stars Will Ferrell , Kristen Wiig and Jessica Lowndes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "362c3939e09ac52d36482da6f8dd29eb", "text": "Daddy's Home (film) Daddy 's Home is a 2015 American comedy film directed by Sean Anders and written by Brian Burns , Anders and John Morris . The film is about a mild-mannered step-father ( Will Ferrell ) who vies for the attention of his wife 's children ( Linda Cardellini ) when their real father ( Mark Wahlberg ) comes back . The second collaboration between Ferrell and Wahlberg following the 2010 film The Other Guys , principal photography began on November 17 , 2014 in New Orleans , Louisiana . The film was released on December 25 , 2015 by Paramount Pictures , received mixed reviews and grossed more than $ 242 million worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14222e30ccffb7baf0984580671701cd", "text": "Garfield: The Movie Garfield : The Movie is a 2004 American family comedy film directed by Peter Hewitt inspired by Jim Davis ' comic strip of the same name . It stars Breckin Meyer as Jon Arbuckle , Jennifer Love Hewitt as Dr. Liz Wilson , and features Bill Murray as the voice of Garfield . Garfield was created with computer animation , though all other animals were real . The film was produced by Davis Entertainment Company and distributed by 20th Century Fox . The film shares several similarities to the 1982 animated special Here Comes Garfield . Garfield : The Movie grossed $ 200 million on a $ 50 million budget . The film was released in the United States on June 11 , 2004 . A sequel , Garfield : A Tail of Two Kitties , was released in June 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8506bc9026655eaa54b0674d46c19796", "text": "Tip-Toes Tip-Toes is a musical with a book by Guy Bolton and Fred Thompson , lyrics by Ira Gershwin , and music by George Gershwin . It centers on a vaudeville act composed of Tip-Toes , her brother and her uncle , who try to pass her off as an aristocrat to snare a millionaire husband . Farcical complications ensue involving Tip-Toes ' temporary amnesia and a marital infidelity subplot . The musical was modestly successful on Broadway in 1925 and in London in 1926 . It was quickly adapted as a silent film starring Dorothy Gish and Will Rogers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d303954b27e018d4558c138c35cf71a", "text": "My Fair Lady (film) My Fair Lady is a 1964 American musical film adapted from the Lerner and Loewe eponymous stage musical based on the 1913 stage play Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw . With a screenplay by Alan Jay Lerner and directed by George Cukor , the film depicts a poor Cockney flower seller named Eliza Doolittle who overhears an arrogant phonetics professor , Henry Higgins , as he casually wagers that he could teach her to speak `` proper '' English , thereby making her presentable in the high society of Edwardian London . The film stars Audrey Hepburn and Rex Harrison as Eliza Doolittle and Henry Higgins respectively , with Stanley Holloway , Gladys Cooper and Wilfrid Hyde-White in supporting roles . A critical and commercial success , it won eight Academy Awards , including Best Picture , Best Actor , and Best Director . In 1998 , the American Film Institute named it the 91st greatest American film of all time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b21096d80f5273fd1f18a57e5dd89a7e", "text": "Funny or Die Funny or Die is a comedy video website and film/TV production company founded by Will Ferrell , Adam McKay and Chris Henchy . The website Funny Or Die contains exclusive material from a regular staff of in-house writers , producers , and directors , and occasionally from a number of famous contributors like Judd Apatow , James Franco , and Norm Macdonald . The production company makes TV shows like truTV 's Billy on the Street , Comedy Central 's @midnight , and Zach Galifianakis 's popular Emmy-winning web series Between Two Ferns . Many videos on the site feature well-known actors ( examples include Steve Carell , Charlie Sheen , Ryan Gosling , Patrick Stewart , Daniel Radcliffe , Sophia Bush , Mila Kunis , AnnaSophia Robb , Hilary Duff , Adam West , James Van Der Beek , Jim Carrey , Ariel Winter , and Selena Gomez ) . Michael Kvamme , an aspiring young comedian , came up with a concept for a new kind of comedy site ; and the site was developed by Randy Adams . Funny Or Die launched on April 12 , 2007 with the site 's first video , `` The Landlord '' . `` The Landlord '' has received over 84 million views and features Ferrell confronted by a swearing , beer-drinking two-year-old landlord . In June 2007 , they received venture capital funding from Sequoia Capital , and in June 2008 , they announced a partnership with HBO . On August 3 , 2016 , Funny or Die shut-down one of its California offices , reducing its headcount by 30 % to 95 employees , with the announcement coming just two month after the new CEO , Mike Farah , took office", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9bb1bc94e64f799bdddf503fa5c5a4e", "text": "Sing While You Dance Sing While You Dance is a 1946 American musical comedy film directed by D. Ross Lederman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49359cd95d89b659f38d5a9bc3a5813c", "text": "The Comedian (2016 film) The Comedian is a 2016 American comedy-drama film directed by Taylor Hackford and written by Lewis Friedman , Richard LaGravenese , Art Linson , and Jeff Ross . The film stars Robert De Niro , Leslie Mann , Danny DeVito , Edie Falco , Veronica Ferres , Charles Grodin , Cloris Leachman , Patti LuPone and Harvey Keitel . The film had its world premiere at the AFI Fest on November 11 , 2016 and was released on December 9 , 2016 , by Sony Pictures Classics . The film opened to negative reviews from critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9805cfda6b3725b9590c2c0272947beb", "text": "Duets (film) Duets is a 2000 American road trip film co-produced and directed by Bruce Paltrow and written by John Byrum . The motion picture features an ensemble cast co-starring Gwyneth Paltrow , Paul Giamatti , Maria Bello , Scott Speedman , Andre Braugher , Huey Lewis and Angie Dickinson , among others . The movie `` revolves around the little known world of karaoke competitions and the wayward characters who inhabit it . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f41bf77c7fd4d6c03bbf214b95555f29", "text": "A Christmas Story: The Musical A Christmas Story : The Musical is a musical version of the film A Christmas Story . The musical has music and lyrics written by Pasek & Paul and the book by Joseph Robinette . The musical takes place in the 1940s in Indiana and focuses on a child named Ralphie , who wants a Red Ryder BB Gun for Christmas . After numerous regional productions , out of town tryouts and national tours , the musical originally began previews November 7 , 2012 and officially opened November 19 , 2012 at the Lunt Fontanne Theatre for a limited engagement that ran through to December 30 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3488f8d031dea902c32ae77b9268340f", "text": "The Will Rogers Follies The Will Rogers Follies is a musical with a book by Peter Stone , lyrics by Betty Comden and Adolph Green , and music by Cy Coleman . It focuses on the life and career of famed humorist and performer Will Rogers , using as a backdrop the Ziegfeld Follies , which he often headlined , and describes every episode in his life in the form of a big production number . The Rogers character also performs rope tricks in between scenes . The revue contains snippets of Rogers ' famous homespun style of wisdom and common sense and tries to convey the personality of this quintessentially American figure whose most famous quote was `` I never met a man I did n't like . ''", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "22722150be8c427ed8d33f37d6f98263", "text": "How I Met Your Mother How I Met Your Mother ( often abbreviated to HIMYM ) is an American sitcom that originally aired on CBS from September 19 , 2005 to March 31 , 2014 . The series follows the main character , Ted Mosby , and his group of friends in Manhattan . As a framing device , Ted , in the year 2030 , recounts to his son and daughter the events that led him to meeting their mother . The series was created by Craig Thomas and Carter Bays , who also served as the show 's executive producers and were frequent writers . The series was loosely inspired by their friendship when they both lived in New York City . Among the 208 episodes , there were only four directors : Pamela Fryman ( 196 episodes ) , Rob Greenberg ( 7 episodes ) , Michael Shea ( 4 episodes ) , and Neil Patrick Harris ( 1 episode ) . Known for its unique structure and eccentric humor , How I Met Your Mother has gained a cult following over the years . The show initially received positive reviews , while the later seasons received more mixed reviews . The show was nominated for 28 Emmy Awards , winning nine . In 2010 , Alyson Hannigan won the People 's Choice Award for Favorite TV Comedy Actress . In 2012 , seven years after its premiere , the series won the People 's Choice Award for Favorite Network TV Comedy , and Neil Patrick Harris won the award for Favorite TV Comedy Actor . The ninth and final season began airing on September 23 , 2013 , and concluded on March 31 , 2014 , with a double-length finale episode , which received polarized reviews from critics and fans alike for its controversial twist ending , as many critics and fans believed it contradicted many of the previous episodes . How I Met Your Mother is often compared to Friends , for its setting and characters . Both shows take place in New York and both casts have similar character archetypes .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "89ab89510072cdcf7c389c6be2baf879", "text": "How Sweet It Is! How Sweet It Is ! is a 1968 comedy movie starring James Garner and Debbie Reynolds , with a supporting cast including Terry-Thomas and Paul Lynde . Garner plays a photographer who accompanies his wife and teenage son on an assignment in Paris , with both husband and wife struggling to stay faithful under extreme temptation . The film was written by producers Garry Marshall and Jerry Belson ( adapting Muriel Resnik 's novel The Girl in the Turqoise Bikini ) and directed by Jerry Paris . Jimmy Webb wrote the title song , and Patrick Williams scored the sound track .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "727b0a6bebcff8278808bcd5abb1d2d8", "text": "Howy Parkins Howy Parkins is an American animation director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a31ecbfaf3b5d59bd340e0ec379b302f", "text": "Tom Attenborough Tom Attenborough ( born 13 October 1986 ) is an English theatre director . He is the son of theatre director Michael Attenborough and the grandson of the late film actor and director Richard Attenborough .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30ad5c14ac008d7158bb5da81862f97a", "text": "David Henrie David Clayton Henrie ( -LSB- ˈhɛnɹi -RSB- ; born July 11 , 1989 ) is an American actor , producer , director , and screenwriter . He is noted for playing Ted Mosby 's future son Luke Mosby on How I Met Your Mother , Justin Russo in Wizards of Waverly Place , Larry on That 's So Raven , London Busbee in Little Boy , and Rudy Ising in Walt Before Mickey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ab1cc6c8cd486b978defa8f8146ab71", "text": "Emma E. Hickox Emma E. Hickox A.C.E ( neè Burford ; born 11 April 1964 ) is a successful British film editor based in LA and London . A member of American Cinema Editors , Hickox has worked as a features and TV editor since the early 1990s . She has a varied and versatile resume from comedies , drama 's and musicals , including large Hollywood films such as Bad Moms featuring Mila Kunis , Rock of Ages featuring Tom Cruise , and smaller independent films such as Becoming Jane with Anne Hathaway and ` The Boat That Rocked ' from Richard Curtis with Philip Seymour Hoffman . She is a founding member of the British Independent Film Awards with the Debut Directors award given in her fathers name , ` The Douglas Hickox Award ' . Hickox is the daughter of Academy Award winning film editor Anne V. Coates , and Douglas Hickox ( died 1988 ) , a cult British film director . John Coates , her uncle , was a film and TV producer for ( Yellow Submarine & The Snowman ) . She is married with two daughter and has two brothers , and a sister . Emma is represented by Wayne Fitterman at WME in Los Angeles , and Lynda Mamy of United Agents in London", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a6a774a4117bd87d0f28b411cec1070a", "text": "Jon Avnet Jonathan Michael Avnet ( born November 17 , 1949 ) , better known as Jon Avnet , is an American director , writer and producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1fc61ac37841dea11f48749274441fca", "text": "Matthew Cooke (filmmaker) Matthew Cooke ( born 1973 , Washington , D.C. ) is the writer-director of How to Make Money Selling Drugs , a documentary film which criticizes the war on drugs in the United States . Cooke was also the narrator , editor , cinematographer and visual effects artist . Cooke was the producer and editor of Amy Berg 's Oscar -- nominated documentary Deliver Us from Evil , his first feature film , and writer , director , editor and actor on Fuel TV 's Stupidface . He produced Adrian Grenier 's 2010 HBO documentary Teenage Paparazzo which premiered at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival . Cooke also contributed editing , motion graphics and cinematography work to the picture . He is producing American Race , an upcoming documentary directed by Amy Berg , who Cooke previously worked with on Deliver Us from Evil . Cooke graduated magna cum laude with a B.A. in film from Pitzer College in 1996 . He was engaged to actress Maggie Grace from February 2015 to February 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "453caf5a6e74b4b6fb9ce5c64c5c42fb", "text": "Charles Winkler Charles Winkler is an American television and film director and producer . He is the son of Academy Award-winning producer and director Irwin Winkler and actress Margo Winkler and the husband of Sandra Nelson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b08d0ad1780571159e5d2082786cd36", "text": "Stuart Urban Stuart Urban ( born 1958 ) is a British film and television director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "096f68d33263509d1331571f7e5436f8", "text": "Patrick Ecclesine Patrick Ecclesine is an American commercial and fine art photographer . His images for film studios such as DreamWorks , Lionsgate and Warner Brothers , and television networks such as CBS , CNN , CW , FOX , Lifetime , OWN , Showtime , TBS and TNT have appeared in magazines and newspapers and on billboards and bus benches throughout the world . He is also a contributor to Vanity Fair magazine . Patrick currently resides in his hometown of Hollywood , CA , around the corner from the street on which he was born -- Sunset Boulevard . In 2008 , Patrick honored that world-famous boulevard with his social-documentary photography book Faces of Sunset Boulevard : A Portrait of Los Angeles . Published by Santa Monica Press , Faces of Sunset Boulevard was named Top Photography Book of 2008 by Shutterbug Magazine , and won first place in the 2009 SCIBA Awards , an honor shared with Annie Leibovitz 's book Leibovitz at Work . PopMatters critic Rodger Jacobs declared , `` Faces of Sunset Boulevard is , without a doubt , one of the strongest statements about man 's dark fate in the West ever committed to paper in the author and photographer 's chosen form , whether or not Ecclesine intended for the book to have profound impact . '' His hometown paper of record The Los Angeles Times commented , `` Ecclesine 's emphasis is on the people , not the street . And he 's got an eye for a magazine-like , flattering beauty : Everyone glows . '' He has exhibited his work at the Annenberg Foundation 's Annenberg Space for Photography , Los Angeles City Hall , ArcLight Hollywood and at the Rotes Rathaus in Berlin , Germany . Ecclesine has shot marketing campaigns for many of television 's most popular shows , including `` Homeland , '' `` 90210 , '' `` Glee , '' `` House of Lies , '' `` The Following , '' `` Lie To Me , '' `` Melrose Place , '' `` Prison Break , '' `` Hell 's Kitchen '' and `` Project Runway . '' In addition to writing and directing short films , Patrick is currently collaborating with executive producer/director Daniel Sackheim on a neo-noir photographic novel Slow Kiss .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34548a96ad38172362c26ffbc84eff6c", "text": "Mrs. Harris Mrs. Harris is a 2005 American-British drama film written and directed by Phyllis Nagy . The teleplay , based on the book Very Much a Lady by Shana Alexander , focuses on the tempestuous relationship between Herman Tarnower , noted cardiologist and author of the New York Times bestseller The Complete Scarsdale Medical Diet , and headmistress Jean Harris . Produced by Killer Films , Number 9 Films , and John Wells for HBO Films , it premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 16 , 2005 , before its broadcast on HBO on February 25 , 2006 . The film stars Annette Bening as Jean Harris , Ben Kingsley as Herman Tarnower , Cloris Leachman as Tarnower 's sister , and Chloë Sevigny as his secretary and lover . The film also features a cameo performance by Ellen Burstyn as one of Tarnower 's previous girlfriends ; Burstyn played Jean Harris in the made-for-television movie , The People vs. Jean Harris ( 1981 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bc1784cfe103381fbbcf8bbb694e699", "text": "Joseph D. Reitman Joseph David Reitman ( born May 25 , 1968 ) is an American actor , film producer , film director , and writer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "261f359fcfd2ef5796d55fb14d7f9e0a", "text": "Adam Davenport Adam Davenport ( born May 27 , 1984 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , stage actor and music producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e384bdc20424ccfa353ba74f69e46e08", "text": "Alex Graves Alexander John `` Alex '' Graves ( born July 23 , 1965 ) is an American film director , television director , television producer and screenwriter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81d38a67e9e91e229785562fd8362810", "text": "Jon Hamm Jonathan Daniel Hamm ( born March 10 , 1971 ) is an American actor , director , and television producer best known for playing advertising executive Don Draper for the AMC television drama series , Mad Men ( 2007 -- 2015 ) . For much of the mid-1990s , he lived in Los Angeles , making appearances in television series Providence , The Division , What About Brian , and Related . During 2000 , he made his feature movie debut in the space adventure movie Space Cowboys . The next year , he had a minor role in the independent comedy , Kissing Jessica Stein ( 2001 ) . He gained wide recognition when Mad Men began broadcast during July 2007 . His performance earned him the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Television Series -- Drama during 2008 and 2016 and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series during 2015 . He directed two episodes of the show . During 2008 , Hamm appeared in a remake of the science fiction movie The Day The Earth Stood Still . His first leading movie role was in the 2010 independent thriller Stolen . He also had supporting roles in the movies The Town ( 2010 ) , Sucker Punch ( 2011 ) , and Bridesmaids ( 2011 ) . Hamm has received 16 Primetime Emmy Award nominations for his performances in Mad Men , 30 Rock ( 2006 -- 2013 ) , and Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt ( 2015 -- present ) . His other television credits include featuring in the Sky Arts series A Young Doctor 's Notebook and guest roles in Parks and Recreation and Wet Hot American Summer : First Day of Camp . He provided his voice to the animated movie Shrek Forever After during 2010 , and during 2015 , he featured in the animated movie Minions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d43bbbe67d1f2153779bd4361ac0aa0d", "text": "Michael Landon Jr. Michael Graham Landon Jr. ( born June 20 , 1964 ) is an American actor , director , writer , and producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e224966fba1e7742f77663b28a3be3f9", "text": "Twelve Horny Women `` Twelve Horny Women '' is the eighth episode of the eighth season of the CBS sitcom How I Met Your Mother , and the 168th episode overall .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d2204ba00d6347b3690c250184cf0ac", "text": "Patrick Hughes (director) Patrick Hughes ( born 1978 ) is an Australian film director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3c56e8a8a8f22057a3e221572f027904", "text": "Girls Versus Suits `` Girls Versus Suits '' is the 12th episode of the fifth season of the CBS situation comedy How I Met Your Mother and the show 's 100th episode overall . It originally aired on January 11 , 2010 . The episode features a fantasy musical number , `` Nothing Suits Me Like a Suit '' , performed by Neil Patrick Harris , which was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Original Music and Lyrics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7a5c9e31f70641c39d19e2d64e26df1", "text": "How to Commit Marriage How to Commit Marriage is a 1969 comedy film directed by Norman Panama and starring Bob Hope and Jackie Gleason in their only movie together . The supporting cast features Jane Wyman as Hope 's wife , Tina Louise as record-producer Gleason 's love interest , Leslie Nielsen as the straight man , and Professor Irwin Corey as a Middle Eastern guru named `` the Baba Zeba . '' Tim Matheson also appears in an early role . This was Jane Wyman 's final film appearance . A rock band entitled The Comfortable Chair appears as a rock group , performing their song `` A Child 's Garden . '' The movie was filmed in the then-current version of Cinerama .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "736c07b26444b633dcab257e8599c86f", "text": "Whitney Houston Whitney Elizabeth Houston ( August 9 , 1963 -- February 11 , 2012 ) was an American singer , actress , producer , and model . In 2009 , Guinness World Records cited her as the most awarded female act of all time . Houston is one of pop music 's best-selling music artists of all-time , with an estimated 170 -- 200 million records sold worldwide . She released seven studio albums and two soundtrack albums , all of which have diamond , multi-platinum , platinum , or gold certification . Houston 's crossover appeal on the popular music charts , as well as her prominence on MTV , starting with her video for `` How Will I Know '' , influenced several African American women artists who follow in her footsteps . Houston is the only artist to chart seven consecutive No. 1 Billboard Hot 100 songs . She is the second artist behind Elton John and the only woman to have two number-one Billboard 200 Album awards ( formerly `` Top Pop Albums '' ) on the Billboard magazine year-end charts . Houston 's debut album , Whitney Houston ( 1985 ) , became the best-selling debut album by a woman in history . Rolling Stone named it the best album of 1986 , and ranked it at number 254 on the magazine 's list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time . Her second studio album , Whitney ( 1987 ) , became the first album by a woman to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart . Houston 's first acting role was as the star of the feature film The Bodyguard ( 1992 ) . The film 's original soundtrack won the 1994 Grammy Award for Album of the Year . Its lead single , `` I Will Always Love You '' , won the Grammy Award for Record of the Year and became the best-selling single by a woman in music history . With the album , Houston became the first act ( solo or group , male or female ) to sell more than a million copies of an album within a single week period under Nielsen SoundScan system . The album makes her the top female act in the top 10 list of the best-selling albums of all time , at number four . Houston continued to star in movies and contribute to their soundtracks , including the films Waiting to Exhale ( 1995 ) and The Preacher 's Wife ( 1996 ) . The Preacher 's Wife soundtrack became the best-selling gospel album in history . On February 11 , 2012 , Houston was found dead in her guest room at the Beverly Hilton , in Beverly Hills , California . The official coroner 's report showed that she had accidentally drowned in the bathtub , with heart disease and cocaine use listed as contributing factors . News of her death coincided with the 2012 Grammy Awards and featured prominently in American and international media .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "3ed656b1e946d07e99c98a3d0d992284", "text": "The Cheetah Girls 2 (soundtrack) The Cheetah Girls 2 is the soundtrack album to the 2006 Disney Channel Original Movie , The Cheetah Girls 2 . The album was released on August 15 , 2006 , through Walt Disney Records . The album was produced by Kenny Ortega , Debra Martin Chase , Raven-Symoné and Whitney Houston . The album features appearances from Drew Seeley and Belinda . The songs on the soundtrack are a diverse blend of pop , R&B , Latin , and dance-pop . The album debuted at number five on Billboard 200 album chart . On November 14 , 2006 , the album was certified Platinum in the United States selling over one-million copies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e53e574a28fbaba5ebe93c294efaac7", "text": "The Fast and the Furious (soundtrack) The Fast and the Furious is the first of two soundtracks based on the major motion picture The Fast and the Furious . The soundtrack reached number seven on the Billboard 200 and number one on the Top Soundtracks . The album went platinum in 2002 in both the United States and Canada . The single released from the soundtrack is `` Put It on Me '' and `` Furious '' by Ja Rule , `` POV City Anthem '' by Cadillac Tah , Good Life ( Remix ) by Faith Evans and `` Justify My Love '' by Vita . The Limp Bizkit single `` Rollin ' ( Urban Assault Vehicle ) '' , which is the remix to `` Rollin ' ( Air Raid Vehicle ) '' , is also featured on the soundtrack . The song features DMX , Method Man and Redman and is produced by Swizz Beatz . The soundtrack exclusively featured artists from Irv Gotti 's label The Inc. . Records such as Ja Rule .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a13b4a7c1ec913d82f211993dde9ef1a", "text": "Get Rich or Die Tryin' (soundtrack) Get Rich or Die Tryin ' : Music from and Inspired by the Motion Picture is the soundtrack to the 2005 film of the same name , released on November 8 , 2005 on G-Unit and Interscope Records . It features artists on the G-Unit label such as 50 Cent , Lloyd Banks , Young Buck , Tony Yayo , Olivia , and Mobb Deep . The album sold 320,000 copies in the first week , debuting behind country singer Kenny Chesney 's The Road and the Radio . In December 2005 , the RIAA certified the album Platinum . To date , the album has sold over three million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5aca225cdf65ff7af8c36b0c20de6465", "text": "My Love Is Your Love (song) `` My Love Is Your Love '' is a 1999 song by American R&B singer Whitney Houston . Released as the fourth single from Houston 's album of the same name , it peaked at number 4 on the US Billboard Hot 100 , number 2 on the US R&B chart , and number 2 in the UK . It was later certified double platinum by the RIAA . Along with the original mid-tempo reggae-influenced version that was produced by Wyclef Jean , a dance remixed version by Jonathan Peters was also released . The single was extremely successful worldwide , hitting the Top Ten in nearly two dozen international markets and becoming a signature song for Houston . A live version was included in the 2014 CD/DVD release , Whitney Houston Live : Her Greatest Performances . Duke Dumont sampled the song in his song `` I Got U '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bae56cf51dc2dcda6d5152335c7a7cb8", "text": "Diane Warren Presents Love Songs Diane Warren Presents Love Songs is a compilation album of love songs written by American Grammy Award and Golden Globe-winning and Academy Award-nominated songwriter Diane Warren , released by herself in 2004 to 2006 in various countries . The track listing differs for Asian editions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b85e5e535df1e04c710a447ce2233eb7", "text": "Just Whitney Just Whitney is the fifth studio album by American recording artist Whitney Houston , released on December 10 , 2002 in North America by Arista Records . It was her first studio album in four years , since 1998 's My Love Is Your Love , and after signing her new $ 100 million Arista contract in 2001 . The album debuted at number nine on the Billboard 200 , and number three of Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums , with sales of 205,147 copies in the first week , not only beating her previous high first-week sales of 177,284 units with the Waiting to Exhale soundtrack but also logged her highest debut sales out of her SoundScan-era solo albums . The album received mixed reviews from music critics . It spawned four official singles -- with three ; `` Whatchulookinat '' , `` Love That Man '' and `` Try It on My Own '' peaking at number one on Billboards Hot Dance Club Play chart . `` Try It on My Own '' also peaked at number 10 on Billboards Adult Contemporary singles . Since its release , Just Whitney ... has gone on to sell/ship more than 2 million units worldwide and has also earned Platinum certification in the US and Switzerland and Gold in France , Brazil and other countries . As of 2012 , the album 's US sales stand at approximately 1 million units . In 2003 , Just Whitney ... was nominated at the Soul Train Lady of Soul Awards in the category for Best R&B / Soul Album of the Year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "668d032e57bccc5bfc2a2c51f2908e59", "text": "Think It Over (Cissy Houston song) `` Think It Over '' is a song by American recording gospel/soul singer Cissy Houston and is lead single from her 1978 third studio album Think It Over . The disco track was written by Houston , along with , Michael Zager and Alvin Fields . `` Think It Over '' was produced by Zager and peaked at # 5 on the disco charts , as well as # 32 on the Hot Soul Singles chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88d59fdfe2c26bb5682bfde39b0f4d4b", "text": "Dance with Somebody (Glee) `` Dance with Somebody '' is the seventeenth episode of the third season of the American musical television series Glee , and the sixty-first overall . Written by Ross Maxwell and directed by Paris Barclay , the episode aired on Fox in the United States on April 24 , 2012 . It is a special tribute episode to Whitney Houston , who died ten weeks earlier ( February 11 ) , and features seven of her songs . Upon its initial airing , this episode attracted 6.90 million American viewers and received a 2.7 / 8 Nielsen rating/share in the 18 -- 49 demographic , an increase of over 10 % from the 2.4 / 7 rating/share and 6.23 million viewers of the previous episode , `` Saturday Night Glee-ver '' , which was broadcast on April 17 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d934b69e34abf6b530d70861b2d4632e", "text": "The Greatest Love of All `` The Greatest Love of All '' is a song written by composers Michael Masser ( music ) and Linda Creed ( lyrics ) . It was originally recorded in 1977 by American singer and guitarist George Benson , who made the song a substantial hit , peaking at number 2 on the R&B chart that year , the first R&B chart Top Ten hit for Arista Records . The song was written and recorded to be the main theme of the 1977 film The Greatest , a biopic of the boxer Muhammad Ali . Eight years after Benson 's original recording , the song became even more well known for a version by Whitney Houston , whose 1985 cover ( with the slightly amended title `` Greatest Love of All '' ) eventually topped the charts , peaking at number 1 in Australia , Canada , U.S. and on the R&B chart in 1986 . The original recording by Benson was released in 1977 in the U.S. , Japan , France , Germany , New Zealand , Australia , Italy , Brazil , Netherlands , U.K. and in Thailand , on an extended play ( EP ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3b7e8f35d01f9e969f55b285dadcb4e", "text": "Waiting to Exhale (soundtrack) Waiting to Exhale : Original Soundtrack Album is a soundtrack for the film of the same name , released on November 14 , 1995 by Arista Records . Written and produced by Babyface , the soundtrack features appearances by some of the biggest names in the industry , including Whitney Houston , Toni Braxton , TLC , Brandy , Aretha Franklin , Chaka Khan , Faith Evans , Patti LaBelle , SWV and Mary J. Blige . The album remained at number one on the US Billboard 200 album chart for five weeks and Top R&B Albums chart for ten weeks , going 7 × platinum , on September 4 , 1996 . It spawned two number-one hits on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart ; `` Exhale ( Shoop Shoop ) '' and `` Let It Flow '' , and three top-ten hits , `` Sittin ' Up in My Room '' , `` Not Gon ' Cry '' and `` Count on Me '' . `` Exhale ( Shoop Shoop ) '' , `` Let It Flow '' and `` Not Gon ' Cry '' also topped the R&B hits chart . All songs were written and produced by Babyface , except for `` My Funny Valentine '' . The album also includes songs by lesser-known artists like Shanna and Sonja Marie . The album received a total of eleven nominations including Album of the Year , Song of the Year for `` Exhale ( Shoop Shoop ) '' and three Best Female R&B Vocal Performance nominees , then won Best R&B Song for `` Exhale ( Shoop Shoop ) '' written by Babyface at the 39th Grammy Awards in 1997 . The soundtrack has sold over twelve million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76ffe8877ae822be52d7e019700820fc", "text": "Whitney Houston videography The videography of American pop/R & B recording artist Whitney Houston consists of fifty-five music videos , four music video compilations , a concert tour video and three music video singles . In 1983 , Houston signed a recording contract with Arista Records and two years after released her eponymous debut album . Houston 's first music video was for the single `` You Give Good Love '' , which was selected to establish her in the black marketplace first . In the video of worldwide hit `` Saving All My Love for You '' , she played a beaming All-American girl shadowed by her secret lover 's wife . The following video `` How Will I Know '' , directed by Brian Grant , that helped introduce the singer to a wider audience when it became one of the first videos by a black female singer to earn heavy rotation on MTV , blasting open the doors for a whole generation of R&B and pop divas to follow . The clip won MTV Video Music Award for Best Female Video at its 3rd ceremony of 1986 . `` Greatest Love of All '' , the final single released from Houston 's debut album , which helped cement the M.O. for the classic Whitney video . In June 1986 , Houston released her first video compilation The No. 1 Video Hits , containing her four music videos off the Whitney Houston album . The video compilation reached number-one on the Billboard Top Music Videocassettes chart and stayed at the top spot for 22 weeks , which remains the all-time record for a video collection by a female artist , and was certified Platinum for shipments of 100,000 units by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) on July 15 , 1986 . In 1987 , `` I Wan na Dance with Somebody ( Who Loves Me ) '' , the first single from her second album Whitney , was one of Houston 's most recognized music videos in company with the song 's smash hit worldwide . Houston 's fashion and hairstyle in the clip -- towering curly wig , colorful dangly earrings and a series of going-to-the-club outfits -- became one of her iconic looks . In November 1990 , Houston released her third studio album I 'm Your Baby Tonight . The video for the title track from the album , was what passed for a high-concept clip from Houston , in which she paid tribute to three different legends in film and music industries : Marlene Dietrich , The Supremes and Audrey Hepburn . On January 27 , 1991 , Houston , wearing a white tracksuit with a red and blue print and matching athletic headband , performed `` The Star Spangled Banner '' at Super Bowl XXV , held at the Tampa Stadium in Tampa , Florida . Due to overwhelming response to her rendition , the performance was released as a video single , which was certified 2 × Platinum by the RIAA in April 1991 . Such Houston 's patriotism-boosting-performance for the national anthem led her to give Welcome Home Heroes with Whitney Houston concert , which was for the troops , their families , and military and government dignitaries in honor of those returning from the Gulf War . The concert was released as a VHS ( later also LD and DVD ) in the same year and it was certified Gold for shipments of 50,000 units by the RIAA . Though Houston is acknowledged as one of the best live performers , up to date , the live footage is her only full-concert video that has been issued officially in the United States . `` I Will Always Love You '' , one of Houston 's iconic videos , was the clip for the lead single off the soundtrack for Houston 's 1992 film debut The Bodyguard . In the video , directed by Nick Brandt , the camera focused on an elegantly suited up , forlorn-looking Houston sitting in an empty theater and staring into the distance as she watched clips from the movie scroll by . Houston blasted into the song 's towering finale via a quick zoom to her face , eyes closed , and then popping open as she hit the high notes . The idea and the camerawork helped Houston to deliver perfectly the titanically tear-jerking drama of the song . Her other notable video from The Bodyguard Soundtrack , `` Queen of the Night '' , featured Houston performing the song in a club dressed in a metallic costume , which were inspired by scenes from Fritz Lang 's 1927 silent film Metropolis . After Houston contributed to her songs on the soundtracks for two films , in which she also starred , Waiting to Exhale ( 1995 ) and The Preacher 's Wife ( 1996 ) , she teamed up with Mariah Carey in the video for `` When You Believe '' from The Prince of Egypt Soundtrack . In November 1998 , Houston came back to pop music full-time with My Love Is Your Love , which returned her to heavy rotation . The singles from the album , `` Heartbreak Hotel '' , `` It 's Not Right But It 's Okay '' , and `` My Love Is Your Love '' , were all US top 5 hits , and Houston was also once again embraced by MTV thanks to her willingness to let her style and approach evolve in her music and the videos . During that time , most of her music videos were directed by Kevin Bray . Houston began the 2000s with her first greatest hits compilation , Whitney : The Greatest Hits , which spawned three then new videos including two for the duet songs that she collaborated with Enrique Iglesias on `` Could I Have This Kiss Forever '' and George Michael on `` If I Told You That '' . The accompanying video/DVD of the same title was also released at the same time , which contained Houston 's promotional videos from 1985 to 1999 and several hard-to-find live performances including her 1983 TV debut on The Merv Griffin Show . In December 2002 , Houston released her fifth studio album , Just Whitney . Two music videos from the album , `` Whatchulookinat '' and `` Try It on My Own '' , were considered her answers to the media for getting too deep into her personal life and to malicious rumours surrounding then her public image . In the former video , she confronted the issues with a white set with an overhead camera and mirrors on its walls , following and reflecting Houston 's every move . In the latter , did with the storyline strongly reminiscent of her high-profile firing by Burt Bacharach from the 2000 Academy Awards ceremony for not singing `` Over the Rainbow '' during rehearsals for the show . In August 2009 , Houston returned to the music scene with her fourth Billboard 200 number-one album , I Look to You , which yielded `` Million Dollar Bill '' and `` I Look to You '' videos . Most of Houston 's notable videos involve just a bit of perfunctory storyline and focus on her performance , however , several sources recognized her as one of pioneers who laid the groundwork and broke down barriers with the videos during her generation . In 2003 , VH1 ranked Houston at number three on the list of '50 Greatest Women of the Video Era ' . In February 2012 , TIME , on a photo article in honor of Black History Month , listed her as one of '50 Cultural Giants ' . Gil Kaufman from MTV News said that '' -LSB- Houston -RSB- proved you could make a fuss without making a spectacle , '' and added his view on Houston 's legacy as follows : The legendary R&B singer -LSB- Houston -RSB- became one of the most important artists of the early music-video era by taking the road less traveled . -LSB- ... -RSB- While such fellow trailblazers as Michael Jackson and Madonna created video fantasy worlds full of monsters , gangsters , street-fighting men and naughty brides , Houston mostly skipped the drama and stood front and center in her most iconic clips doing the thing that she did best : singing her heart out .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4", "text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5784460fab954607c55204fad19a555b", "text": "The Family Way (soundtrack) The Family Way is a soundtrack recording composed by Paul McCartney , released in January 1967 . The album is the soundtrack to the 1966 film of the same name , directed by Roy Boulting and starring Hayley Mills . Produced and arranged by George Martin , the album was credited to `` The George Martin Orchestra '' and issued under the full title The Family Way ( Original Soundtrack Album ) . A 45rpm single , again credited to the George Martin Orchestra , was issued on 23 December 1966 , comprising `` Love in the Open Air '' backed with `` Theme From ` The Family Way ' '' , as United Artists UP1165 . The Family Way won an Ivor Novello Award in 1967 . It was remastered and released on CD in 1996 with new musical compositions not on the original 1967 soundtrack album . The recording took place over November and December 1966 , before the Beatles began work on their album Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band . McCartney 's involvement in the project was minimal , according to biographer Howard Sounes , who quotes Martin 's recollection that he had to `` pester Paul for the briefest scrap of a tune '' with which to start writing the score . After McCartney had provided `` a sweet little fragment of a waltz tune '' , Martin continued , `` I was able to complete the score . '' Although The Family Way was released in January 1967 , most commentators consider George Harrison 's Wonderwall Music ( 1968 ) , also a film soundtrack , to be the first solo album by a member of the Beatles . Unlike with McCartney 's film score , Harrison directed and produced the recordings for Wonderwall Music , in addition to playing on some of the album . Following a 2003 CD reissue in mono , in 2011 a new remastered version of the soundtrack was released by Varese Vintage that featured the original 1967 score by Paul McCartney in the original sequence , remastered from the original first generation stereo master tapes , and included the unreleased stereo mix of `` A Theme From The Family Way '' as a bonus track , which had appeared originally as the B-side of the 1966 UK/US 7-inch single by the Tudor Minstrels .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9fb938bfc7d3cb8b93f19aa4444f4020", "text": "West Side Story (soundtrack) West Side Story is the soundtrack to the 1961 film West Side Story . Released in 1961 , the soundtrack spent 54 weeks at No. 1 on Billboard 's album charts , giving it the longest run at No. 1 of any album in history , although some lists instead credit Michael Jackson 's Thriller , on the grounds that West Side Story was listed on a chart for stereo albums only at a time when many albums were recorded in mono . In 1962 , it won a Grammy award for `` Best Sound Track Album -- Original Cast '' and Johnny Richards orchestrations of the movie score ( on Kenton 's West Side Story ) also winning a Grammy in 1962 for `` Best Large Ensemble Jazz Album '' further bolstering the popularity of the movie and soundtrack . In the United States , it was the best-selling album of the 1960s , certifying three times platinum by the RIAA on November 21 , 1986 . Though the album was released just a few years after the release of the original broadway cast recording , it is according to Broadway Babies preferred by some to the earlier version both sentimentally , as the film succeeded in establishing the musical as a `` popular masterpiece '' , and musically , as it contains `` beefier orchestration '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01f1dab0e6d205f2bbdd26164984b1a6", "text": "Rush Hour 3 (soundtrack) Rush Hour 3 Soundtrack the original motion picture soundtrack for the movie Rush Hour 3 was released on August 8 , 2007 on CD and audio cassette from New Line Records and Columbia Records . Janet Jackson was initially approached to record the soundtrack 's theme .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5da0e64637e00bce2d8b34701a878a55", "text": "Swing: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack Swing is a soundtrack for the 1999 film of the same name , which stars Lisa Stansfield , who also recorded ten songs for the soundtrack and co-wrote four of them . The album was released in Europe on 10 May 1999 and in North America on 13 July 1999 . Swing garnered favorable reviews from music critics who called it a `` gem '' among the soundtracks . The album , full of jazz and swing songs , reached number six on Billboard 's Top Jazz Albums chart . On 2 June 2003 , it was remastered and re-released in Europe with an alternative cover art .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e977d1ae28c2b6db1cb4e1d2d3ce98da", "text": "Step Aside for a Lady Step Aside for a Lady is the sixth solo album by American soul singer Cissy Houston , released in 1980 on Columbia Records . It features the R&B hit songs , `` Break It to Me Gently '' and `` You 're the Fire '' . The entire album features backing vocals by herself and her friends , Luther Vandross , Jocelyn Brown , and Eltesa Weathersby , and it was produced by Michael Zager with executive producer Jerry Love .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb15bcc714c715eae349eaf85f89ea1a", "text": "Whitney Houston discography The discography of American singer Whitney Houston ( 1963 -- 2012 ) consists of seven studio albums , six compilations , two soundtrack albums , five box sets , six extended plays , and fifty-seven singles . In 1985 , Houston released her self-titled debut album . It spent fourteen weeks at number one on the Billboard 200 and was certified thirteen times platinum ( Diamond ) by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , with global sales of 25 million copies . The album produced four US top 5 singles , including three Billboard Hot 100 number-ones . In 1987 , Houston released her second album Whitney . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and was supported by four US number-one singles : `` I Wan na Dance with Somebody ( Who Loves Me ) '' , `` Did n't We Almost Have It All '' , `` So Emotional '' , and `` Where Do Broken Hearts Go '' , which established an unprecedented seven consecutive number one hits by a performer . Whitney was certified 9 × Platinum by the RIAA and topped the charts in numerous countries , having sold in excess of 20 million copies worldwide . Houston 's third studio album , I 'm Your Baby Tonight ( 1990 ) , peaked at number three on the Billboard 200 chart and yielded two number-one singles ; `` I 'm Your Baby Tonight '' and `` All the Man That I Need '' , selling 10 million units worldwide . In February 1991 , Houston released `` The Star Spangled Banner '' performance from Super Bowl XXV as a single , becoming the highest-charting rendition of the national anthem on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . The Bodyguard soundtrack from her film debut , was released in November 1992 . The album contains tracks by other recording artists but is considered a Houston album by Billboard . It topped the Billboard 200 for twenty non-consecutive weeks , one of the longest tenures by an album in the Nielsen SoundScan era . The album was certified 17 × Platinum the United States and sold over 45 million copies worldwide , becoming the best-selling soundtrack album and one of the top 5 best-selling albums of all time . The lead single from the soundtrack , `` I Will Always Love You '' , topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart for a then-record-breaking fourteen weeks and was certified 6 × Platinum by the RIAA , peaked at number one on the charts in nearly every country and sold 12 million copies worldwide , becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time . Houston contributed three songs , including her eleventh number-one single `` Exhale ( Shoop Shoop ) '' on the 7x platinum soundtrack album , Waiting to Exhale ( November 1995 ) . The following year she released The Preacher 's Wife in November 1996 . The soundtrack was certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA and became the biggest selling gospel album of all time . In 1998 , she released her first studio album in eight years , My Love Is Your Love . The album failed to match the commercial status of her previous albums , peaking at number thirteen , her lowest chart position on the Billboard 200 among her studio albums . Despite initial weak sales , the album went on to achieve multi-platinum status with 11 million units sold worldwide , being certified 4 × Platinum in the United States . From late 1998 to early 2000 , the album generated five singles ; `` When You Believe '' ( duet with Mariah Carey ) , `` Heartbreak Hotel '' , `` It 's Not Right but It 's Okay '' , `` My Love Is Your Love '' , and `` I Learned from the Best '' . Houston entered the 2000s with her first greatest hits compilation , Whitney : The Greatest Hits , released in May 2000 . The double-disc was certified 3 × Platinum by the RIAA in 2002 and earned 5 × Platinum award posthumously , recognizing 2.6 million in sales throughout the United States . The album hit the top position on the UK Albums Chart and sold over 1.66 million copies in the UK alone . Also , it reached the top ten in many worldwide markets , selling 10 million copies globally . Just Whitney , released in December 2002 , became her first album after renewing her contract with Arista for a record $ 100 million in 2001 . The album failed to earn multi-platinum status , receiving only Platinum award in the US , and became her lowest-selling studio album to date . She released a holiday album , One Wish : The Holiday Album in November 2003 . In September 2009 , Houston returned to the top position of the Billboard 200 with I Look to You , becoming her fourth number-one album on the chart ; which was her first non-soundtrack number-one in 22 years , since 1987 's Whitney . It also topped the album charts of several European countries and was certified Platinum by the RIAA . Her albums Whitney Houston , Whitney , The Bodyguard and Whitney : The Greatest Hits are among the top 100 certified albums according to the RIAA . According to the RIAA , Houston is the top-selling R&B female artist of the 20th century , and the fourth best-selling female artist in the United States , with shipments of 57 million albums . In addition , until the launch of the RIAA 's digital certification program in 2004 , she had sold 16.5 million physical singles more than any other female solo artist in history . According to the Official UK Charts Company in October 2012 , Houston is at number four in the top 10 biggest selling female singles artists of all-time list with a sales total of 8.5 million singles . Whitney Houston is one of pop music 's best-selling music artists of all-time , with an estimated 170 -- 200 million records sold worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c8ae0135d150f9c1c5e47caafb33034", "text": "Goodfellas (soundtrack) Martin Scorsese chose the songs for Goodfellas only if they commented on the scene or the characters `` in an oblique way '' . The only rule he adhered to with the soundtrack was to only use music which could have been heard at that time . For example , if a scene took place in 1973 , he could use any song that was current or older . According to Scorsese , a lot of non-dialogue scenes were shot to playback . For example , he had `` Layla '' playing on the set while shooting the scene where the dead bodies are discovered in the car and the meat-truck . Sometimes , the lyrics of songs were put between lines of dialogue to comment on the action . Some of the music Scorsese had written into the script while other songs he discovered during the editing phase . There is no music once Henry is arrested in his driveway by the DEA , until the end credits .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "532356e0c668f944bfd340dc0751bd9f", "text": "Two to One Two to One is Thelma Houston 's seventh studio album released on Motown Records in June 1978 . It was her second duets album with Jerry Butler , composed of only two left-over duets from their Thelma & Jerry album from the previous year , `` If It Would Never End '' , `` Never Gon na Get Enough '' and `` Elliot Willensky '' , padded out with previously unreleased solo recordings by each singer , Houston 's `` Find a Way '' , `` I 'm Not Strong Enough to Love You Again '' and `` Do n't Pity Me '' , while Butler 's tracks included `` We Owe It to Ourselves '' , `` Never Gon na Get Enough '' and `` Chicago Send Her Home '' . The album failed to chart . It was released on CD in 2013 as a 2-LPs-on-1-CD package with the Thelma & Jerry album .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "4371dbb6ce8496ee35da7ec5850b33e0", "text": "Independence Day: Resurgence Independence Day : Resurgence is a 2016 American science fiction film written and directed by Roland Emmerich with co-writers Dean Devlin , Nicolas Wright , James A. Woods , and James Vanderbilt . As sequel to the 1996 film Independence Day , it stars an ensemble cast featuring Liam Hemsworth , Jeff Goldblum , Bill Pullman , Maika Monroe , Jessie Usher , Travis Tope , William Fichtner , Charlotte Gainsbourg , Judd Hirsch , Brent Spiner and Sela Ward . The film takes place twenty years after the events of the first film , during which the United Nations has collaborated to form Earth Space Defense ( ESD ) , an international military defense and research organization . Through reverse engineering , the world has harnessed the power of alien technology and laid the groundwork to resist a second invasion . Plans for a sequel to Independence Day began as early as 2001 , with 20th Century Fox eventually green-lighting the project in 2014 . Principal photography began in April 2015 at locations primarily in New Mexico but also in the Bonneville Salt Flats of Utah , which were featured in the original . Independence Day : Resurgence was released in the United States on June 24 , 2016 , in 2D , 3D , and IMAX 3D , grossing $ 389.7 million worldwide at the box office . The film received generally unfavorable reviews from critics , who found the plot convoluted and action sequences overblown , though some praised its overall humor .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "6d810276add2ae00f6e8089b7fbc27ae", "text": "Saints Row: The Third downloadable content Downloadable content for Saints Row : The Third was announced before the game 's November 2011 release along with a commitment from publisher THQ to support 40 weeks of content . Among smaller upgrades , three main content packs were released : Genkibowl VII , Gangstas in Space , and The Trouble with Clones . Reviewers found all three packs short -- around an hour in length -- and considered The Trouble with Clones the best of the bunch . Genkibowl VII , released in January 2012 , brought four new activity types to Steelport around a Professor Genki-themed competition . Sad Panda Skyblazing , the only one of the four activities to not modify an existing activity type , was the reviewers ' favorite . Gangstas in Space , released in February , is a three-mission story about a Saints-themed film production starring the player and fighting aliens . The Trouble with Clones , released in March , has the player tracking down and quelling a rampant clone of Saints leader Johnny Gat . Reviewers highly praised its `` Saints Flow '' superpower sequences , and questioned why they could not have been unlocked in the main game afterwards . All download packs offered unlocks upon their completion . The Full Package , a version containing all of the game 's downloadable content on disc alongside the main game , was released in November . Some of the smaller content items include costume , vehicle , and ability unlocks . THQ planned a standalone expansion of the game called Enter the Dominatrix . It was originally announced as an April Fool 's joke , but was confirmed and later spun into Saints Row IV 's downloadable content .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af4f41161404854da56a60a6855bd2d9", "text": "Festa della Repubblica Festa della Repubblica ( -LSB- ˈfɛsta della reˈpubblika -RSB- in English , Republic Day ) is the Italian National Day and Republic Day , which is celebrated on 2 June each year . The day commemorates the institutional referendum held by universal suffrage in 1946 , in which the Italian people were called to the polls to decide on the form of government , following the Second World War and the fall of Fascism . With 12,717,923 votes for a republic and 10,719,284 for the monarchy , the male descendants of the House of Savoy were sent into exile . To commemorate it , a grand military parade is held in central Rome , presided over by the President of the Italian Republic in his role as Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces . The Prime Minister , formally known as the President of the Council of Ministers , and other high officers of state also attend . There are important celebrations in all the Italian embassies and foreign heads of state are invited . Even though the main parade is in Rome , many Italian cities celebrate the day as well . Prior to the foundation of the Republic , the Italian national day was the first Sunday in June , anniversary of the granting of the Statuto Albertino . From 1977 to 1999 , due to economic reasons , this was the date of the celebrations for the 1946 foundation of the republic . The 2 June date became official in 2000 . The parade was held in Turin in 1961 to mark the centennial year of Italian unification .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87cdabe42dbe2feab50dd7e03e2b9bf7", "text": "Payday 2 Payday 2 '' ' is a cooperative first-person shooter video game developed by Overkill Software and published by 505 Games has former published by Sony . The game is a sequel to 2011 's Payday : The Heist . It was released on 13 August 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . An improved version of the game , subtitled Crimewave Edition , was released for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One in June 2015 ( on 12 June in the UK and Europe and on 16 June in North America ) . The game has been announced for the Nintendo Switch and will come out in the fall of 2017 . Two years after the events of the previous game , a new gang comes to the Washington , D.C. area to perform another heisting spree . The player takes control of one of the gang 's seventeen members and can perform heists alone , with up to two AI players , or with ( up to ) 3 other players . The player can participate in a variety of heists , including but not limited to robberies of banks , shops and armored cars , and producing and distributing narcotics . The game differs on the previous by allowing much more customization of the player ( aesthetically and gameplay-wise ) , more variety in levels , and has reworked stealth mechanics . An accompanying web series was produced to promote the game . The game was profitable from pre-orders alone and received positive reviews . Payday 2 : Crimewave Edition '' which offers improved graphics , new content and all previous DLCs , was released on 12 June 2015 for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fef24d763f685ed1634ad089e037c11a", "text": "Top Gun Top Gun is a 1986 American romantic military action drama film directed by Tony Scott , and produced by Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer , in association with Paramount Pictures . The screenplay was written by Jim Cash and Jack Epps , Jr. , and was inspired by an article titled `` Top Guns '' published in California magazine three years earlier . The film stars Tom Cruise , Kelly McGillis , Val Kilmer , Anthony Edwards , and Tom Skerritt . Cruise plays Lieutenant Pete `` Maverick '' Mitchell , a young Naval aviator aboard the aircraft carrier . He and his Radar Intercept Officer ( RIO ) Nick `` Goose '' Bradshaw ( Edwards ) are given the chance to train at the Navy 's Fighter Weapons School at Miramar in San Diego . Top Gun was released on May 16 , 1986 . Upon its release , the film received generally mixed reviews from film critics but many particularly praised the action sequences , the effects , the aerial stunts , and the acting performances with Cruise and McGillis receiving the most praise . Four weeks after release , the number of theaters showing it increased by 45 % . Despite its initial mixed critical reaction , the film was a huge commercial hit grossing $ 356 million against a production budget of only $ 15 million . With its success , the film became a cult film over the years and earned an IMAX 3D re-release in 2013 . Additionally , the film won an Academy Award for Best Original Song for `` Take My Breath Away '' performed by Berlin . In 2015 , the United States Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the National Film Registry , finding it `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd56f852fb27d3d1ed5bf47fc79e3340", "text": "Independence High School (San Jose, California) Independence High School , also referred to as IHS and Inde , is a public high school located in the Berryessa district of Santa Clara County , California , United States . The school is operated by the East Side Union High School District ( ESUHSD ) . Its namesake is the United States Declaration of Independence , which celebrated its bicentennial in the same year Independence High was established in 1976 . Independence is considered a magnet school , with three specialized programs , called `` academies '' : electronics , finance , and teaching . Later magnet programs were extended into the performing arts and space technology , which were cut in 2009 due to budget constraints . Independence students are called `` The ' 76ers '' and the mascot is named `` Sammy the Sixer '' , who is an interpretation of an American founding father , George Washington .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b259887db7806f3f5e307e88e4cf3659", "text": "List of accolades received by Star Wars: The Force Awakens Star Wars : The Force Awakens is a 2015 epic space opera film directed , co-produced , and co-written by J. J. Abrams . The seventh installment in the main Star Wars film series , and first of three in Star Wars sequel trilogy , it stars Harrison Ford , Mark Hamill , Carrie Fisher , Adam Driver , Daisy Ridley , John Boyega , Oscar Isaac , Lupita Nyong ` o , Andy Serkis , Domhnall Gleeson , Anthony Daniels , and Max von Sydow . The Force Awakens is set 30 years after Return of the Jedi ; it follows Rey , Finn , and Poe Dameron 's search for Luke Skywalker and their fight alongside the Resistance , led by veterans of the Rebel Alliance , against Kylo Ren and the First Order , a successor group to the Galactic Empire . The Force Awakens was premiered by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures in Los Angeles on December 14 , and was released in United States and Canada on December 18 , 2015 . The Force Awakens opened across 14,300 theaters , breaking numerous box-office records and became the first film to earn more than $ 100 million worldwide in a single day . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 2 billion on a production budget of $ 306 million becoming the highest-grossing release of 2015 , and the fastest film to earn $ 1 billion worldwide , doing so in twelve-days . The Force Awakens became the third film in history to surpass $ 2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ( 2009 ) and Titanic ( 1997 ) ) , doing so on its 53rd day of release . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 360 reviews and judged 92 percent to be positive . The Force Awakens garnered many awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for Abrams ' direction , its action sequences , visual effects , editing and Ridley 's and Boyega 's performances . Several awards held their nominations before the December release of The Force Awakens , making the film ineligible for the 73rd Golden Globe Awards and some other awards ceremonies . However , the film was added to the 21st Critics ' Choice Awards 's slate of best picture nominees after a special vote by the board of directors , and the announcement of the 2015 American Film Institute Awards was delayed until after the release of film , where it was named one of Top Ten Films of the year . The Force Awakens received five nominations at the 88th Academy Awards as Best Original Score , Best Sound Editing , Best Sound Mixing , Best Film Editing and Best Visual Effects . The film garnered four nominations at 69th British Academy Film Awards , and won for Best Special Visual Effects and a special BAFTA Rising Star Award for John Boyega . At the 21st Empire Awards , the film received nine nominations and won five including Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy Film , and Best Director for J.J. Abrams . The Force Awakens became the most nominated film in Saturn Awards history with total of thirteen nominations at 42nd Saturn Awards and won eight including Best Science Fiction Film , Best Director and Best Special Effects . The film received seven nominations from the Visual Effects Society , winning four including Outstanding Visual Effects in an Effects Driven Feature Motion Picture . Star Wars : The Force Awakens received eleven nominations at MTV Movie Awards , the most for the ceremony and won three including Movie of the Year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "750b1cabed4ab968d0465c3be8b8c205", "text": "Nationwide: Independence Day Nationwide : Independence Day is a compilation album presented by Too Short .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "727345278309a73012f2a75ba6c093c6", "text": "Highlander (film) Highlander is a 1986 British-American adventure action fantasy film directed by Russell Mulcahy and based on a story by Gregory Widen . It stars Christopher Lambert , Sean Connery , Clancy Brown , and Roxanne Hart . The film narrates the climax of an ages-old battle between immortal warriors , depicted through interwoven past and present-day storylines . Christopher Lambert plays swordsman Connor MacLeod from Scottish Highlands , known as the Highlander , one of a number of immortal warriors , who can only be killed by decapitation . After initial training by another highly skilled immortal swordsman , Ramirez ( Sean Connery ) , MacLeod lives on for several centuries , eventually settling in New York City , managing an antiques shop . In 1985 , he falls in love with a policewoman named Brenda and finds out that he must face his biggest enemy , Clancy Brown 's Kurgan , who wishes to kill MacLeod and to obtain `` the Prize '' -- a special ability which is given to the last living immortal warrior , vast knowledge and the ability to enslave the entire human race . Highlander enjoyed little success on its initial theatrical release , grossing over $ 12 million worldwide against a production budget of $ 19 million , and received mixed reviews . Nevertheless , it became a cult film and launched Lambert to stardom . The film inspired a franchise which included film sequels and television spin-offs . Its tagline , `` There can be only one '' , has carried on throughout the franchise , as have the songs provided for the film by the rock band Queen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21c3bb1ecfdb1e0c6539b597f9e61a53", "text": "June 23", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a99eeaa6386a89559fb6dbaba07f302", "text": "System Shock System Shock is a 1994 first-person action role-playing video game developed by Looking Glass Technologies and published by Origin Systems . It was directed by Doug Church with Warren Spector serving as producer . The game is set aboard a space station in a cyberpunk vision of the year 2072 . Assuming the role of a nameless hacker , the player attempts to hinder the plans of a malevolent artificial intelligence called SHODAN . System Shock 3D engine , physics simulation and complex gameplay have been cited as both innovative and influential . The developers sought to build on the emergent gameplay and immersive environments of their previous games , Ultima Underworld : The Stygian Abyss and Ultima Underworld II : Labyrinth of Worlds , by streamlining their mechanics into a more `` integrated whole '' . Critics praised System Shock and hailed it as a major breakthrough in its genre . It was later placed on multiple hall of fame lists . The game was a moderate commercial success , with sales exceeding 170,000 copies , but Looking Glass ultimately lost money on the project . A sequel , System Shock 2 , was released by Looking Glass Studios and offshoot developer Irrational Games in 1999 . The 2000 game Deus Ex ( also produced by Spector ) and the 2007 game BioShock are spiritual successors to the two games . A remade version of the original game by Night Dive Studios is scheduled for release in 2018 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1318f23e2e6fabf22ddbe228f6772d7", "text": "Fahrenheit (2005 video game) Fahrenheit ( known as Indigo Prophecy in North America ) is a cinematic interactive drama action-adventure video game developed by Quantic Dream and published by Atari , Inc. for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox . The director 's cut and uncut versions were later released for Microsoft Windows . Fahrenheit has sold over 700,000 units worldwide since it was released in September 2005 and has won several awards . On 4 December 2007 , Atari released the game for Xbox 360 through Xbox Originals . On 8 November 2011 , Quantic Dream released the game uncensored for PC through GOG.com . A remastered version of the game , entitled Fahrenheit : Indigo Prophecy Remastered , was developed and published by Aspyr in January 2015 for Microsoft Windows , OS X , Linux and iOS . A port for the PlayStation 4 , which was developed by International Software Development Group at Sony Interactive Entertainment , was released on 9 August 2016 via PlayStation Network . In this paranormal thriller , New York City experiences a series of mysterious murders that follow the same pattern ; ordinary people become possessed and kill strangers in public . The main characters of the story must uncover the supernatural forces behind these crimes . Publicity was generated from the developer 's rejection of conventional game genre labeling ; preferring to brand it as the first `` interactive film '' rather than an adventure or third-person action title . The game features motion captured animation as well as branching story lines , split screen cameras and an interface designed to be intuitive and realistic . Event triggers in the game are also mainly time-based , as opposed to the more common player-initiated progression found in most games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5aadd183c1015b02bbffa242a48c087", "text": "Born to Die Born to Die is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey . Her major label debut , it was released on January 27 , 2012 by Interscope Records , Polydor Records and Stranger Records . Del Rey collaborated with producers including Patrik Berger , Jeff Bhasker , Chris Braide , Emile Haynie , Justin Parker , Rick Nowels , Robopop and Al Shux to achieve her desired sound . Their efforts resulted in a primarily baroque pop record , which sees additional influences from alternative hip hop , indie pop and trip hop music . Contemporary music critics gave Born to Die mixed reviews ; some commended its distinctive production , while its repetitiveness and melodramatic tendencies were a recurring complaint . The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 77,000 copies ; it was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) after moving one million units . Born to Die reached the peak positions on eleven international record charts . After attaining online success after its initial premiere on June 29 , 2011 , `` Video Games '' was released as the lead single from Born to Die on October 17 , 2011 ; it peaked at number ninety-one on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Its follow-up singles `` Born to Die '' , `` Off to the Races '' , `` Blue Jeans '' , `` Summertime Sadness '' , `` National Anthem '' , and `` Dark Paradise '' performed sporadically across Billboard component charts and international record charts . The Cedric Gervais remix of `` Summertime Sadness '' was released on July 11 , 2013 and became Del Rey 's highest-charting single in the United States , reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . Del Rey additionally promoted Born to Die with several televised performances , including a widely criticized appearance on Saturday Night Live . It was reissued on November 9 , 2012 as an expanded version subtitled The Paradise Edition , which was packaged with her third extended play Paradise ( 2012 ) . Born to Die has sold 7,000,000 copies worldwide as of June 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7aba7d18797570733a1d7b79a2ef67b4", "text": "Texas Independence Day Texas Independence Day is the celebration of the adoption of the Texas Declaration of Independence on March 2 , 1836 . With this document signed by 59 delegates , settlers in Mexican Texas officially declared independence from Mexico and created the Republic of Texas . It is not , however , an official state holiday whereby offices are closed , but instead a `` partial staffing holiday '' ; state offices are required to be open on that day but with reduced staffing . Republic of Texas Timeline of the Texas Revolution San Jacinto Day", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d201daa29afd613993ea1ed97cf21f9", "text": "Green Day discography The American punk rock band Green Day has released 12 studio albums , two live albums , four compilation albums , one soundtrack album , four video albums , 10 extended plays , four box sets , 42 singles , ten promotional singles , and 39 music videos . The band has sold over 85 million records worldwide , including more than 30 million in the United States alone . Green Day released their first two studio albums , 1,039 / Smoothed Out Slappy Hours ( 1991 ) ( consisting of the original `` 39/Smooth '' as well as their first two EP 's `` 1,000 Hours '' and `` Slappy '' ) and Kerplunk ( 1991 ) , through the independent label Lookout ! Records before signing to major label Reprise Records . Dookie , the band 's first album on the label and third studio album overall , was released in February 1994 . It was a breakout success , selling over 10 million copies in the United States and 20 million copies worldwide . Dookie spawned five singles , including the international hits `` Longview '' , Basket Case '' and `` When I Come Around '' . The album placed Green Day at the forefront of the 1990s punk rock revival . Insomniac , the band 's fourth studio album , was released in October 1995 . While not as successful as Dookie , the album managed to peak at number two on the US Billboard 200 and received a double platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Nimrod followed in October 1997 ; it peaked at number ten on the Billboard 200 . Four singles were released from Nimrod ; the most successful of these was `` Good Riddance ( Time of Your Life ) '' , which hit the top ten in countries such as Australia and Canada . The band 's sixth studio album Warning was released in October 2000 to mild commercial success , peaking at number four on the Billboard 200 and only earning a gold certification from the RIAA . Their seventh studio album American Idiot reignited the band 's popularity with a younger generation . Becoming the band 's first album to top the Billboard 200 , American Idiot sold over six million copies in the United States , and over 14 million copies worldwide . The album spawned five commercially successful singles : `` American Idiot '' , `` Boulevard of Broken Dreams '' , `` Holiday '' , `` Wake Me Up When September Ends '' , and `` Jesus of Suburbia '' . The band 's eighth studio album 21st Century Breakdown followed in May 2009 , topping the Billboard 200 and being certified platinum by the RIAA . Two singles from the album -- `` Know Your Enemy '' and `` 21 Guns '' -- became top 40 hits on the US Billboard Hot 100 . A trilogy of studio albums -- ¡ Uno ! , ¡ Dos ! , and ¡ Tré ! -- were released toward the end of 2012 . ¡ Uno ! , ¡ Dos ! and ¡ Tré ! peaked at numbers two , nine and thirteen respectively on the Billboard 200 . In 2016 , another studio album , Revolution Radio was released and topped the Billboard 200 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74e47255cdc858f93b6c54c9bfcbe9cb", "text": "LBJ (film) LBJ is a 2017 American political drama film directed by Rob Reiner and written by Joey Hartstone . The film stars Woody Harrelson , Richard Jenkins , Bill Pullman , Kim Allen , Michael Stahl-David , Jennifer Jason Leigh , Jeffrey Donovan , Doug McKeon , and Michael Mosley . Filming began on September 21 , 2015 in New Orleans . It was screened at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival . On October 12 , 2016 at the 27th edition of the New Orleans Film Festival , Rob Reiner accepted the inaugural Career Achievement Award from LBJ lead actor Woody Harrelson . LBJ made a second film festival showing in less than a month . On May 2 , 2017 , it was announced that Dean Devlin 's Electric Entertainment had acquired all of the film 's North American rights and that the film would be released in 2017 . It was then announced on May 4 that the film would be released in the United States on November 17 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65f03e7f2f01edbd4f157fd4e15cde99", "text": "Guilty Gear 2: Overture is a video game in the Guilty Gear series made by Arc System Works for the Xbox 360 . Unlike previous Guilty Gear titles , this installment makes use of 3D graphics . The Xbox Live demo of Guilty Gear 2 describes the game as , `` a mix between the action and real-time strategy genre . '' A playable demo featuring three modes of gameplay was released in Japan via Xbox Live on 30 October 2007 . A North American version was released on October 7 , 2008 released by Aksys Games . A port for Microsoft Windows was released on March 31 , 2016 worldwide by Arc System Works .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f64b60e172477793ca2cf2088d617962", "text": "Reclaim (film) Reclaim is a drama-thriller directed by Alan White , and starring Ryan Phillippe and Rachelle Lefevre . The film was released on video on demand , with a simultaneous limited theatrical release in the United States , on September 19 , 2014 . Phillippe and Lefevre play an American couple who travel to Puerto Rico to adopt an orphan ( Briana Roy ) , and become entangled in a deadly scam .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea1fd7449e91e2d1657f21fc12bf4fdb", "text": "Independence movement in Puerto Rico The Independence Movement in Puerto Rico refers to initiatives by inhabitants throughout the history of Puerto Rico to obtain independence for the island people . First from the Spanish Empire , and since 1898 , from the United States . A wide variety of groups , movements , political parties , and organizations have worked for Puerto Rican Independence over the centuries . A spectrum of autonomous , Nationalist , and Independence sentiments and political parties exist on the island . Since the beginning of the 19th century , organizations advocating independence in Puerto Rico have attempted both peaceful political means as well as violent revolutionary actions to achieve its objectives . During the second half of the 20th century , the independence movement attracted neither widespread support nor support at elections from the Puerto Rican people . In a status referendum in 2012 , 5.5 % voted for independence while Statehood obtained over 61.11 % of the votes cast . Independence also received the least support , less than 4.5 % of the vote , in the status referendums in 1967 , 1993 and 1998 . A fourth referendum was held in 2012 , with 54 % voting to change Puerto Rico 's status but the federal government took no action to do so . The fifth plebiscite is due to be held on June 11 , 2017 . The two options at that time will be `` Statehood '' and `` Independence/Free Association '' . It will be the first referendum not to offer the choice of retaining the current status as a Commonwealth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3059cd04c148998a812ca74a784068a4", "text": "June 9", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6bf87cce54f5778d336352a0580eb924", "text": "Bastille Day (film) Bastille Day ( released as The Take in North America and on international home release ) is a 2016 action film directed and co-written by James Watkins . It is a Luxembourgian , French and American venture produced by Anonymous Content , Vendôme Pictures , TF1 Films Production and StudioCanal . The film stars Idris Elba , Richard Madden , Charlotte Le Bon , Eriq Ebouaney and José Garcia . The film was released in the United Kingdom on 22 April 2016 and 13 July 2016 in France , and on 18 November 2016 in the United States .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b90acd9277781026f6cf23d5acadd1a5", "text": "In Secret In Secret , previously titled Thérèse , is a 2013 American erotic thriller film written and directed by Charlie Stratton . Based on Émile Zola 's 1867 classic novel Thérèse Raquin , the film stars Elizabeth Olsen , Tom Felton , Oscar Isaac and Jessica Lange . It was screened in the Special Presentation section at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival . The film received a regional release on February 21 , 2014 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d3352c91772836f51de4cf3f02487e44", "text": "Colin Firth Colin Andrew Firth , ( born 10 September 1960 ) is an English actor . His films have grossed more than $ 3 billion from 42 releases worldwide . Firth has received an Academy Award , a Golden Globe Award , two BAFTA Awards , and three Screen Actors Guild Awards , as well as the Volpi Cup . Firth 's most notable and acclaimed role to date has been his 2010 portrayal of King George VI in The King 's Speech , a performance that earned him an Oscar and multiple worldwide best actor awards . Identified in the late 1980s with the `` Brit Pack '' of rising , young British actors , it was not until Firth 's portrayal of Mr. Darcy in the 1995 television adaptation of Jane Austen 's Pride and Prejudice that he received more widespread attention . This led to roles in films such as The English Patient , Bridget Jones 's Diary ( for which Firth was nominated for a BAFTA ) , Shakespeare in Love , and Love Actually . In 2009 , Firth received widespread critical acclaim for his leading role in A Single Man , for which Firth gained his first Academy Award nomination , and won a BAFTA Award . Firth starred in the action spy movie Kingsman : The Secret Service in 2014 , which was a commercial success and received generally positive reviews . In 2011 , Firth received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , and was also selected as one of the Time 100 . He was awarded an honorary degree from the University of Winchester in 2007 , and was made a Freeman of the City of London in 2012 . He has campaigned for the rights of indigenous tribal peoples , and is a member of Survival International . Firth has also campaigned on issues of asylum seekers , refugees ' rights , and the environment . He commissioned and is credited as a co-author on a scientific paper on a study into the differences in brain structure between people of differing political orientations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a471a6e8680434c2fabb1a6cd45b7c1", "text": "Tom Shone Tom Shone is an American film critic and writer . He was the Sunday Times film critic from 1994 to 1999 and has written for Vogue , Slate , the New Yorker , the New York Times and The Guardian ' . Blog : http://tomshone.blogspot.com/ He is the author of Blockbuster : How Hollywood Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Summer , published in 2004 by Simon & Schuster , ISBN 0-7432-6838-5 . The book is an analysis of the Hollywood blockbuster phenomenon driven chiefly by Steven Spielberg and George Lucas in the 1970s , based on interviews with these and other film-makers . ( `` The film book of the year ... . enthralling ... groundbreaking , '' The Daily Telegraph ) Shone 's first novel , In the Rooms '' ( `` A sweet and savvy page-turner '' -- Gary Shteyngart ) was published in the U.K. by Hutchinson on July 2 , 2009 and in the U.S. by St Martin 's Press in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "904eff6dde3289b8662d118f29542217", "text": "Tom Baker (English actor) Thomas Stewart `` Tom '' Baker ( born 20 January 1934 ) is an English actor . He is known for his portrayal of the fourth incarnation of the Doctor in the science fiction series Doctor Who from 1974 to 1981 , a longer tenure than any other actor , and for the narration of the comedy series Little Britain . Baker 's voice , which has been described as `` sonorous '' , was voted the fourth-most recognisable in the UK . At the age of 15 Baker began study as a monk . However , he gradually lost his vocation and at 21 he left monastic life and undertook National Service in the Royal Army Medical Corps . On leaving the army , he joined the Merchant Navy and then became an actor , joining the Royal National Theatre Company under Laurence Olivier . Baker was in his thirties when his professional acting career began , and his first major film role was as Grigori Rasputin in Nicholas and Alexandra in 1971 , when he was 37 . He went on to play the villainous Prince Koura in The Golden Voyage of Sinbad in 1973 , which led to his casting in Doctor Who . During his period as its star , the series was distinguished by high viewing figures and many stories which became regarded as classics . He remains one of the most instantly recognisable incarnations of the character . He continued to win regular roles in TV later in his career , most notably in the series Medics and Monarch of the Glen . In addition to performing acting roles , Baker has narrated commercials , video games , audiobooks and television series . In a poll for the BBC Homes and Antiques magazine in January 2006 , Baker was voted the world 's fourth-most eccentric star . He was beaten by Björk , Chris Eubank and David Icke . Married three times , the second to Doctor Who co-star Lalla Ward , Baker has two sons from his first marriage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0926ed9e212c7a89a4e33e132f4679e6", "text": "Secret Window Secret Window is a 2004 American psychological thriller film starring Johnny Depp and John Turturro . It was written and directed by David Koepp , based on the novella Secret Window , Secret Garden by Stephen King , featuring a musical score by Philip Glass and Geoff Zanelli . The story appeared in King 's collection Four Past Midnight . The film was released on March 12 , 2004 , by Columbia Pictures ; it was a moderate box office success and received mixed reviews from critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df298a2b2bde75ac8dc23ee41fd01354", "text": "Tom Quinn (Spooks) Tom Quinn is a fictional character in the BBC espionage television series Spooks ( called MI-5 in the United States ) , which follows the exploits of Section D , a counter-terrorism division of MI5 . He is portrayed by British actor Matthew Macfadyen . In the first two series , Tom is the chief of Section D . The character was in the first and second episode of the third series but was decommissioned as a result of sabotaging an operation . Series creator David Wolstencroft believed that writing Tom was the most fun , yet hardest to work on . During the second series , the producers were unsure whether Macfadyen would return for the third ; because of this , Tom was originally killed in the second series finale . However , when Macfadyen decided to appear in the first two episodes of the third series , series writer Howard Brenton had to `` unkill him . '' Reaction towards the character by fans were positive , though critics were mixed about Macfadyen 's portrayal . Tom Quinn would later appear again as a cameo on the final episode of Spooks ; his brief return was met with generally positive reactions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3cf777bb37ee96a0c3f614f975235b99", "text": "Tron Tron is a 1982 American science fiction action-adventure film written and directed by Steven Lisberger , based on a story by Lisberger and Bonnie MacBird and produced by Walt Disney Productions . The film stars Jeff Bridges as a computer programmer who is transported inside the software world of a mainframe computer where he interacts with programs in his attempt to escape . Bruce Boxleitner , David Warner , Cindy Morgan , and Barnard Hughes star in supporting roles . Development of Tron began in 1976 when Lisberger became fascinated with the early video game Pong . He and producer Donald Kushner set up an animation studio to develop Tron with the intention of making it an animated film . Indeed , to promote the studio itself , Lisberger and his team created a 30-second animation featuring the first appearance of the eponymous character . Eventually , Lisberger decided to include live-action elements with both backlit and computer animation for the actual feature-length film . Various film studios had rejected the storyboards for the film before Walt Disney Studios agreed to finance and distribute Tron . There , backlit animation was finally combined with the computer animation and live action . Tron was released on July 9 , 1982 in 1,091 theaters in the United States . The film was a moderate success at the box office , and received positive reviews from critics who praised the groundbreaking visuals and acting . However , the storyline was criticized at the time for being incoherent . Tron received nominations for Best Costume Design and Best Sound at the 55th Academy Awards , and received the Academy Award for Technical Achievement fourteen years later . Over time , Tron developed into a cult film and eventually spawned a franchise , which consists of multiple video games , comic books and an animated television series . A sequel titled Tron : Legacy directed by Joseph Kosinski was released on December 17 , 2010 , with Bridges and Boxleitner reprising their roles , and Lisberger acting as producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8713a91e56d5a2eef96f2f365288ac97", "text": "The Secret Policeman's Ball 2008 The Secret Policeman 's Ball 2008 was a show in the Secret Policeman 's Balls series of benefit shows for Amnesty International . In July 2008 , Amnesty announced that it would present another show in its long-running series Like its 2006 predecessor the show was a single-night live event at London 's Royal Albert Hall , on Saturday 4 October 2008 . In common with other recent Amnesty benefit shows , the majority of the performers were British ( or UK-based ) and well-known primarily only in Great Britain , the one Canadian comedian Russell Peters appeared via a pre-recorded video-tape . Performers who were listed to perform were : Frank Skinner Alan Carr Graham Norton Sean Lock Kristen Schaal Fearne Cotton Matt Berry Katherine Parkinson Mitchell and Webb Jason Manford Shappi Khorsandi Russell Howard Russell Peters ( via video-tape ) Katy Brand Tim Minchin Sarah Millican Kayvan Novak Meera Syal Sean Williamson Sharon Horgan Nick Mohammed Dan Clark David Armand Eddie Izzard Ed Byrne Deborah Meaden Jon Culshaw Gok Wan Michael Fenton Stevens Keane Razorlight The 3-hour event was video-taped and a 95-minute television special adapted from the show was broadcast the following day , Sunday 5 October 2008 , on Britain 's Channel Four . There was also a `` cinecast '' in which the Royal Albert Hall event was shown live in 35 cinemas in major British cities . It was also available live in 4 cinemas in Australia . The `` cinecast '' was available in cinemas in six of Canada 's thirteen provinces and territories . The Cineplex cinema chain made the film available on 50 of its 1,317 screens , however Amnesty and Cineplex did not announce the Canadian `` cinecast '' until Wednesday October 1 2008 , just three days before the screenings which did not allow time for the event to be effectively promoted in Canada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3c246faec6fe669cd9dcfb96a623be46", "text": "Secret admirer (disambiguation) Secret admirer may refer to : Secret admirer , an individual who has feelings of affection towards another person without revealing their identity to the object of their affection Secret Admirer , 1985 film directed by David Greenwalt starring C. Thomas Howell and Lori Loughlin Secret Admirer ( soundtrack ) for the 1985 film directed by David Greenwalt `` Secret Admirer '' ( Frasier ) , the sixth episode in season six of American situation comedy Frasier Secret Admirer ( song ) , a song by American rapper Pitbull", "title": "" }, { "docid": "027803cb9b6615d54c6fe1501cdd0c4f", "text": "The Secret Series The Secret Series is a series of ` secret ' - themed adventure novels written by Pseudonymous Bosch , who is suspected to be Raphael Simon . The series centers on three middle school children , Cass , Max-Ernest , and Yo-Yoji , and their adventures as members of the Terces Society ( `` secret society '' spelled backwards ) , a group that keeps a mysterious Secret from being found out or stolen by the Midnight Sun society . One of the subplots of the series is the alchemists of the Midnight Sun searching for the secret to immortality , and the Terces Society 's plans to stop them . The first book in the series , The Name of this Book is Secret , was released in late 2007 . The second , If You 're Reading This , It 's Too Late , was released in late 2008 . The third book in the series , This Book Is Not Good for You was released in September 2009 , the fourth book , This Is n't What It Looks Like was released a year later in September 2010 , and the fifth book , You Have to Stop This came out in September 2011 . As many fans have noticed , each book is centered on the five traditional senses : The first book concerns scent , the second is about sound , the third centers on taste , the fourth centers on sight , and the fifth is about touch . Bosch 's writing style is similar to that of Lemony Snicket , author of A Series of Unfortunate Events .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54d548c885d772952cfb10d21d4f23d9", "text": "Hidden Hidden or The Hidden may refer to : L'Encobert ( in Catalan ; El Encubierto in Spanish ; `` The Hidden -LSB- One -RSB- '' ) , mysterious rebel leader in the Revolt of the Brotherhoods in Valencia in 1522 Hidden , also known as Caché , a 2005 French drama film Hidden ( 2009 film ) , a 2009 Norwegian horror film Hidden ( 2015 film ) , an American drama-horror film Hidden ( Coma Virus album ) , a 1996 album by Coma Virus Hidden ( These New Puritans album ) , a 2010 album by British group These New Puritans Hidden , 2008 album by Swedish artist Titiyo Hidden ( Torchwood ) , a Torchwood spin-off audiobook Hidden ( TV series ) , a 2011 BBC television drama The Hidden ( film ) , a 1987 science fiction/horror film The Hidden ( novel ) , a 2004 novel by Sarah Pinborough The Hidden ( game developer ) , a defunct British game developer The Hidden ( video game ) , a 2005 modification to the computer game Half Life 2 The Hidden ( Animorphs ) , the thirty-ninth book in the Animorphs series by K.A. Applegate . `` The Hidden '' ( The Penguins of Madagascar episode ) , an episode of The Penguins of Madagascar Amun , meaning `` The Hidden '' , is the absolute principle in Ancient Egyptian thought", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8c9f001b91f412118185d7720fc9dcb", "text": "The Other (novel) The Other '' is the 1971 debut novel by Thomas Tryon . Set in 1935 , the novel focuses on the sadistic relationship between two thirteen-year-old identical twin boys , one who is well-behaved , and the other , a sociopath who wreaks havoc on his family 's rural New England farm property . Tryon , who had been a working actor prior , retired from his Hollywood career to become a novelist . Upon its release , the novel received wide critical acclaim , and was adapted into a 1972 film of the same name directed by Robert Mulligan and starring Uta Hagen . The novel was reprinted in a commemorative edition in 2012 by New York Review Books with an afterword by Dan Chaon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3fa19acd9fb81fb625db73f6995a02b7", "text": "Tom Parker (actor) Thomas Scott `` Tom '' Parker ( born July 23 , 1977 ) is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d29c971df00dfcec738c554bc298ac8", "text": "Tom Courtenay Sir Thomas Daniel `` Tom '' Courtenay ( -LSB- ˈkɔrtni -RSB- born 25 February 1937 ) is an English actor who came to prominence in the early 1960s with a succession of films , including The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner ( 1962 ) , Billy Liar ( 1963 ) , and Doctor Zhivago ( 1965 ) . Since the mid-1960s , he has been known primarily for his work in the theatre , although he received an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor for the film adaptation of The Dresser ( 1983 ) , which he had performed on the West End and on Broadway . He received a knighthood in February 2001 for his service to cinema and theatre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a55af7a0b94ce496ceb778b2516f112", "text": "9 to 5 (film) 9 to 5 ( styled in the opening credits as Nine to Five ) is a 1980 American comedy film directed by Colin Higgins , written by Higgins and Patricia Resnick . It stars Jane Fonda , Lily Tomlin , Dolly Parton as three working women who live out their fantasies of getting even with , and their overthrow of , the company 's autocratic , `` sexist , egotistical , lying , hypocritical bigot '' boss , played by Dabney Coleman . The film grossed over $ 103.9 million and is the 20th highest-grossing comedy film . As a star vehicle for Parton -- already established as a successful singer and songwriter -- it launched her permanently into mainstream popular culture . Although a television series of the same name based on the film was less successful , a musical version of the film ( also titled 9 to 5 ) , with new songs written by Parton , opened on Broadway on April 30 , 2009 . 9 to 5 is number 74 on the American Film Institute 's `` 100 Funniest Movies '' and has an a 82 % approval rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ee4343a9e0553444638814b2d8c5332", "text": "Draco Malfoy Draco Lucius Malfoy is a character in J. K. Rowling 's Harry Potter series . He is a student in Harry Potter 's year belonging in the Slytherin house . He is frequently accompanied by his two cronies , Vincent Crabbe and Gregory Goyle , who act as henchmen . Draco is characterised as a cowardly bully who manipulates and hurts people to get what he wants ; nevertheless , he is a cunning user of magic . He was played by Tom Felton in the Harry Potter film series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76e21d3c01504faa5099b793d668a386", "text": "Secret War (comics) Secret War is a 2004 -- 2005 five-issue comic book limited series published by Marvel Comics . The series is written by Brian Michael Bendis and painted by Gabriele Dell ` Otto . It is loosely based on classified operations told to Bendis by an anonymous high-ranking officer in the United States Intelligence Community during Bendis ' childhood . The storyline involves a large-scale super-hero crossover featuring Marvel characters such as Spider-Man , Captain America , Wolverine , Daredevil , Luke Cage and Nick Fury fighting a wide array of super-villains who have received hi-tech armaments from a mysterious benefactor . The first issue was published in April 2004 , and though intended originally as a bimonthly publication , it faced long delays . It was completed with issue five 's publication in December 2005 . The aftermath of the series was explored in stories in The Pulse and Bendis has gone on to use many of the same characters in his New Avengers titles . This event begins an eight-year-long series of cross-over events ending with Avengers vs. X-Men . The storyline in Secret War is unrelated to the original Secret Wars and Secret Wars II crossover limited series which Marvel published in the mid-1980s , although its title is clearly inspired by them . Those stories received their own spiritual successor in Beyond ! , published in 2006 . Bendis has noted that Secret War is connected to the `` Secret Invasion '' storyline , in which Skrulls have infiltrated several institutions of Earth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab60ac87828450612aceed371cae7356", "text": "Tom Wright (actor) Tom Wright ( born Harold Thomas Wright ; November 29 , 1952 ) is an American television and theatre actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1113b7cce715675d24f94b6ce86ac447", "text": "Tom Hardy Edward Thomas Hardy ( born 15 September 1977 ) is an English actor and producer . His motion picture debut was in Ridley Scott 's 2001 action film Black Hawk Down . Hardy 's other notable films include the science fiction film Star Trek : Nemesis ( 2002 ) , the crime film RocknRolla ( 2008 ) , biographical psychological drama Bronson ( 2008 ) , sports drama Warrior ( 2011 ) , Cold War espionage film Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy ( 2011 ) , crime drama Lawless ( 2012 ) , drama Locke ( 2013 ) , mobster film The Drop ( 2014 ) , and the biographical western thriller The Revenant ( 2015 ) , for which he received an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor . He portrayed `` Mad '' Max Rockatansky in the post-apocalyptic film Mad Max : Fury Road ( 2015 ) , and both of the Kray twins in the crime thriller Legend ( 2015 ) . He has appeared in three Christopher Nolan films : the science fiction thriller Inception ( 2010 ) , portrayed Bane in the superhero film The Dark Knight Rises ( 2012 ) , and the action-thriller Dunkirk ( 2017 ) based on the British evacuation in World War II . Hardy 's television roles include the HBO war drama miniseries Band of Brothers ( 2001 ) , the BBC historical drama miniseries The Virgin Queen ( 2005 ) , ITV 's Wuthering Heights ( 2008 ) , the Sky 1 drama series The Take ( 2009 ) , and the BBC historical crime drama television series Peaky Blinders ( 2013 ) . He created , co-produced and took the lead in the eight-part historical fiction series Taboo ( 2017 ) on BBC One and FX . Hardy has performed on both British and American stages . He was nominated for the Laurence Olivier Award for Most Promising Newcomer for his role as Skank in the 2003 production of In Arabia We 'd All Be Kings , and was awarded the 2003 London Evening Standard Theatre Award for Outstanding Newcomer for his performances in both In Arabia We 'd All be Kings and for his role as Luca in Blood . He starred in the 2007 production of The Man of Mode and received positive reviews for his role in the 2010 Philip Seymour Hoffman-directed play The Long Red Road .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "054fb294650be3a42aa5c9a4cb966826", "text": "Tom Liston Tom Liston is a senior analyst for the Washington , D.C.-based network security consulting firm , InGuardians , Inc. . He is the author of the first network tarpit , the open source LaBrea . He was a finalist for eWeek and PC Magazine 's `` Innovations In Infrastructure '' ( i3 ) award in 2002 for LaBrea . He is one of the handlers at the SANS Institute 's Internet Storm Center , where he deals with developing security issues and authors a series of articles under the title `` Follow the Bouncing Malware . '' Liston is also , with Ed Skoudis , co-author of the second edition of the network security book Counter Hack Reloaded : A Step-by-Step Guide to Computer Attacks and Effective Defenses .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5a1402321af959d5c50fc89a0d16b0a", "text": "Top Secret (House) `` Top Secret '' is the sixteenth episode of the third season of House and the sixty-second episode overall .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "0a2bb56c54cdc7f4310a2859ce97efe9", "text": "Minions (film) Minions is a 2015 American computer-animated comedy film , serving as a spin-off/prequel to the Despicable Me franchise . Produced by Illumination Entertainment for Universal Pictures , it was directed by Pierre Coffin and Kyle Balda , written by Brian Lynch , and produced by Chris Meledandri and Janet Healy . The film stars the voices of Coffin ( as the Minions , including : Kevin , Stuart and Bob ) , Sandra Bullock , Jon Hamm , Michael Keaton , Allison Janney , Steve Coogan and Jennifer Saunders with the narration provided by Geoffrey Rush . It was first foreshadowed in the end credits of Despicable Me 2 ( 2013 ) , where Kevin , Stuart and Bob , three of the Minions , are seen auditioning for the film . Minions had its premiere on June 11 , 2015 , in Leicester Square , London , and went into general release in the United States on July 10 , 2015 . Critical response was mixed : some critics praised the comedic aspects of the film and the performances of Bullock and Hamm , while also felt that the title characters were not able to carry the film on their own , and that the villains were flatly characterized . The film has grossed over $ 1.1 billion worldwide ( outgrossing each of the Despicable Me films ) , making it the thirteenth highest-grossing film of all time , the second highest-grossing animated film and the highest-grossing non-Disney animated film . A sequel is scheduled to be released on July 3 , 2020 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "953090228bf0464ba72065de842791fa", "text": "New Hampshire Wildcats The New Hampshire Wildcats , or ` Cats , are the athletic teams of the University of New Hampshire . The wildcat is the school 's official mascot , the colors are UNH Blue and white . There are 18 varsity sports , 25 sport clubs , and 23 different Intramural sports . The men 's and women 's varsity teams compete at the NCAA Division I level ; in football , it competes in the second tier of Division I , the Football Championship Subdivision ( formerly Division I-AA ) . The football program plays in the Colonial Athletic Association , and the men 's and women 's hockey teams are members of Hockey East . The other teams compete in the America East , except for the ski teams and gymnastics team who compete in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League ( EAGL ) and Eastern Intercollegiate Ski Association ( EISA ) respectively .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f3de971fe9a7b86bd03b9c0d13f3389", "text": "Northeastern University Northeastern University ( NU , formerly NEU ) is a private research university in Boston , Massachusetts , established in 1898 . It is categorized as an R1 institution ( Doctoral Universities : Highest Research Activity ) by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education . The university offers undergraduate and graduate programs on its main campus in the Fenway-Kenmore , Roxbury , South End , and Back Bay neighborhoods of Boston . The university has satellite campus in Charlotte , North Carolina , Seattle , Washington , and Silicon Valley , California that exclusively offer graduate degrees . An additional satellite campus will open in Toronto , Ontario , Canada in late 2016 . The university 's enrollment is approximately 18,000 undergraduate students and 7,000 graduate students . Northeastern features a cooperative education program that integrates classroom study with professional experience on seven continents and a comprehensive study abroad program . In 2011 , the university opened the George J. Kostas Research Institute for Homeland Security . The Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering Complex opened in early 2017 . Northeastern is a large , highly residential university . Most students choose to live on campus but upperclassmen have the option to live off campus . More than 75 % of Northeastern students receive some form of financial aid . In the 2015 -- 16 school year , the university offered $ 239 million in grant and scholarship assistance . The university 's sports teams , the Northeastern Huskies , compete in NCAA Division I as members of the Colonial Athletic Association ( CAA ) in 18 varsity sports . The men 's and women 's hockey teams compete in Hockey East , while the men 's and women 's rowing teams compete in the Eastern Association of Rowing Colleges ( EARC ) and Eastern Association of Women 's Rowing Colleges ( EAWRC ) , respectively . Men 's Track and Field has won the CAA back to back years in 2015 and 2016 . In 2013 , men 's basketball won its first CAA regular season championship , men 's soccer won the CAA title for the first time , and women 's ice hockey won a record 16th Beanpot championship .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f65dd6f8c76c51ef27937e91127ba540", "text": "San Diego State Aztecs The San Diego State Aztecs are the athletic teams that represent San Diego State University ( SDSU ) . The university participates in baseball , basketball , football , soccer , golf , gymnastics , rowing ( crew ) , softball , tennis , track , swimming , diving , women 's volleyball , and water polo . The Aztecs compete in NCAA Division I ( FBS for football ) . Its primary conference is the Mountain West Conference . The women 's water polo team participates in the Golden Coast Conference after leaving the Big West Conference in July 2013 . The men 's soccer team participates as an associate member of the Pac-12 Conference . The women 's rowing team is a member of the American Athletic Conference ( The American ) , following moves from the Western Intercollegiate Rowing Association ( WIRA ) to Conference USA ( C-USA ) in 2013 and from C-USA to The American in 2014 . San Diego State 's football team had intended to move to the Big East Conference beginning in 2013 with the remainder of its current Mountain West sports moving to the Big West , but on January 17 it was reported that all of San Diego State 's athletic teams would be readmitted to the Mountain West . News reports ( especially on local radio ) often mention `` Montezuma Mesa '' or `` news from the mesa '' when discussing San Diego State-related sports events . The San Diego State campus is known as `` Montezuma Mesa '' , as the university is situated on a mesa overlooking Mission Valley and is located at the intersection of Montezuma Road and College Avenue in the city of San Diego .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d3dadf004d26c5aa3bbfca7caf2a9a3", "text": "1953 NCAA Swimming and Diving Championships The 1953 NCAA Swimming and Diving Championships were contested in March 1953 at the Ohio State Natatorium at the Ohio State University in Columbus , Ohio at the 17th annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of men 's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States . Yale topped hosts , and defending national champions , Ohio State in the team standings to capture the Bulldogs ' fourth national title ( and second title in three years ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "739e981d5eb4682972b4d948060a186e", "text": "2017 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships The 2017 NCAA Division I Men 's Swimming and Diving Championships were contested from March 23 -- 25 , 2017 at the Indiana University Natatorium at Indiana University -- Purdue University Indianapolis in Indianapolis , Indiana at the 94th annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I men 's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52fa5811fb2f7e950c86d7f4cee8f47b", "text": "Make a Splash Make A Splash is a child-focused water safety initiative created by the USA Swimming Foundation . The goal of the foundation is to prevent drownings by teaching every child in the United States how to swim . Make A Splash works by providing free swimming lessons to underprivileged children at their partner institutions . The program works by partnering with swim schools , YMCAs , and youth clubs across the country . Currently , Make A Splash has partner institutions in California , Washington , Idaho , Utah , Colorado , Texas , Louisiana , Tennessee , Missouri , Florida , Georgia , South Carolina , North Carolina , Indiana , Illinois , Wisconsin , Michigan , Ohio , Pennsylvania , New York , Virginia , Maryland , and New Jersey . In October 2016 , Make A Splash partnered with SafeSplash Swim Schools , Swimtastic Swim Schools and Missy Franklin to create the Ripples to Waves program as an extension to the Make A Splash program .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f652c9a4797b35d7c7b73497f679a46d", "text": "Northeastern Huskies swimming and diving The Northeastern University women 's swimming and diving team debuted in the Fall of 1978 under the coaching staff of NU hall of fame member Janet Swanson . Since its inception , the Boston-based team has grown into one of the most respected and competitive Division I aquatics programs in New England . Northeastern was a member of the America East Conference from 1990 to 2005 and is currently a member of the Colonial Athletic Association .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96c738fe555a8d5564b32f8cd28079ad", "text": "Swim Team (TV series) Swim Team is an Indian television series that aired on Channel V India from 9 March 2015 to 19 February 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd84c781c41e004bb92c8988d6856f12", "text": "NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship The NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship is an NCAA-sanctioned tournament to determine the national champions of collegiate women 's beach volleyball . It is a National Collegiate Championship featuring teams from Division I , Division II and Division III , and is the 90th , and newest , NCAA championship event . It was the first new NCAA championship to be created since the NCAA Division III Men 's Volleyball Championship in 2012 , and the first for women since the NCAA Bowling Championship in 2004 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1cb9dd9e53699d1d6fcce97f72abc2c9", "text": "University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science The School of Engineering and Applied Science , also known as SEAS , is one of the four undergraduate schools of the University of Pennsylvania . The School offers programs that emphasize hands-on study of engineering fundamentals ( with an offering of approximately 300 courses ) while encouraging students to leverage the educational offerings of the broader University . Engineering students can also take advantage of research opportunities through interactions with Penn 's School of Medicine , School of Arts and Sciences and the Wharton School . The School of Engineering and Applied Science offers bachelors , masters and PhD degree programs in contemporary fields of engineering study . The nationally ranked bioengineering department offers the School 's most popular undergraduate degree program . The Jerome Fisher Program in Management and Technology , offered in partnership with the Wharton School , allows students to simultaneously earn a Bachelor of Science degree in Economics as well as a Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering . The School of Engineering and Applied Science also offers several masters programs , which include : Executive Master 's in Technology Management , Master of Biotechnology , Master of Computer and Information Technology , Master of Computer and Information Science and a Master of Science in Engineering in Telecommunications and Networking .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae87dafc76ee351eef028cbd5d93b697", "text": "List of college athletic programs in Ohio The main article is College sports . Notes : This list is in a tabular format , with columns arranged in the following order , from left to right : Athletic team description ( short school name and nickname ) , with a link to the school 's athletic program article if it exists . When only one nickname is listed , it is used for teams of both sexes . ( Note that in recent years , many schools have chosen to use the same nickname for men 's and women 's teams even when the nickname is distinctly masculine . ) When two nicknames are given , the first is used for men 's teams and the other is used for women 's teams . Different nicknames for a specific sport within a school are noted separately below the table . Full name of school . Location of school . Conference of the school ( if conference column is left blank , the school is either independent or the conference is unknown ) . Apart from the ongoing conversions , the following notes apply : Following the normal standard of U.S. sports media , the terms `` University '' and `` College '' are ignored in alphabetization , unless necessary to distinguish schools ( such as Boston College and Boston University ) or are actually used by the media in normally describing the school ( formerly the case for the College of Charleston , but media now use `` Charleston '' for that school 's athletic program ) . Schools are also alphabetized by the names they are most commonly referred to by sports media , with non-intuitive examples included in parentheses next to the school name . This means , for example , that campuses bearing the name `` University of North Carolina '' may variously be found at `` C '' ( Charlotte ) , `` N '' ( North Carolina , referring to the Chapel Hill campus ) , and `` U '' ( the Asheville , Greensboro , Pembroke , and Wilmington campuses , all normally referred to as UNC - -LCB- campus name -RCB- ) . The prefix `` St. '' , as in `` Saint '' , is alphabetized as if it were spelled out .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "441263e63da0fa6849942282bdfa4545", "text": "1975 NCAA Division I Swimming and Diving Championships The 1975 NCAA Men 's Division I Swimming and Diving Championships were contested in March 1975 at the Cleveland State University Natatorium at Cleveland State University in Cleveland , Ohio at the 52nd annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I men 's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States . USC again topped the team standings , the Trojans ' second consecutive title and seventh overall .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd246f3ea8f009200c72233ea4a28957", "text": "1937 NCAA Swimming and Diving Championships The 1937 NCAA Swimming and Diving Championships were contested at the University of Minnesota Armory at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis , Minnesota as part of the 14th annual NCAA swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of men 's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States . Even though NCAA swimming championships had been held since 1924 , this was the first event with an official team championship . Michigan won the inaugural official team national championship , defeating rival Ohio State by 36 points , 75 -- 39 . It was the first official NCAA title for the Wolverines but their eighth including the unofficial titles won between 1924 and 1936 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58295ed96e7ea0805a1eab62c62121a0", "text": "Columbia College Koalas The Columbia College Koalas are the athletic teams for Columbia College , a women 's liberal arts institution in Columbia , South Carolina . The university is a member of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics ( NAIA ) , primarily competing in Appalachian Athletic Conference . In addition , the school is a member of the NCCAA and serves as host for the softball national championship . Women 's sports Basketball Cheerleading Cross country Golf Lacrosse Soccer Softball Swimming Tennis Track and Field Volleyball", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a61fc29f0c07570e990dc74b40de5d6b", "text": "LIU Brooklyn Blackbirds The LIU Brooklyn Blackbirds refer to the 16 sports teams representing Long Island University 's campus in Brooklyn , New York in intercollegiate athletics , including men and women 's basketball , cross country , golf , soccer , and track ; women 's - only bowling , lacrosse , softball , tennis , and volleyball ; and men 's - only baseball . The Blackbirds compete in the NCAA Division I and are members of the Northeast Conference .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b1afca744c7951840139c30f12a0325", "text": "1977 NCAA Division I Swimming and Diving Championships The 1977 NCAA Men 's Division I Swimming and Diving Championships were contested in March 1977 at the Cleveland State University Natatorium at Cleveland State University in Cleveland , Ohio at the 54th annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I men 's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States . USC once again topped the team standings , the Trojans ' fourth consecutive title and ninth overall .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc91cb2af39219dfb1b85776c2127a1c", "text": "Michael Dormer Michael Dormer or Michael Henry Dashwood Dormer ( born 1935 in Hollywood , California , U.S. - 2012 ) was an American fine artist , writer , songwriter , entrepreneur , and creator of the 1960s TV show Shrimpenstein . A childhood protégé of artist Louis Geddes , Dormer took first prize in a National Fire Prevention poster contest at age 12 . At 18 Dormer was working in art full-time . In 1957 Dormer established a painting studio in La Jolla and moonlighted as a part-time night club comic and jazz poet at the Pour House , a cabaret in Bird Rock . He also published an art and poetry magazine , titled Scavenger . In 1968 Dormer painted his first aluminum piece ; a technique he developed , which has never been used by any other artist . These pieces are part of private collections across the globe . His vast body of work includes his mid-century Crankshaft series , an extensive collection of nudes , oils , watercolors , sculpture , intricate pencil drawings , charcoals , and murals . Dormer , with his lifelong friend and collaborator , Lee Teacher , created a counter-culture sculpture Hot Curl , a 400 lb concrete statue , and installed it on the rocks near the surf shack at Windansea Beach in La Jolla in San Diego , California . The sculpture of a mop-haired , 6 ft , knobby-kneed surfer gazed out at the sea with a beer in his hand . The pot-bellied surf god quickly became a nationwide sensation , appearing in SurfToons comics and as a plastic model kit , selling hundreds of thousands of copies . Today , Hot Curl appears regularly in Surfer magazine . In 1964 Dormer 's artwork was featured in the opening credits of Muscle Beach Party , which featured the first film appearance of Hot Curl and `` Little '' Stevie Wonder . He also doubled as a talent scout for that film and subsequent surf films , recruiting actual surfers and surfer girls off the beaches of La Jolla to serve as extras . In 1963 Dormer and Teacher created and launched Shrimpenstein , an off-beat children 's television show which aired live weekdays on Channel 9 in Los Angeles . The program , which featured a miniature Frankenstein monster , brought to life when his creator , Dr. Von Schtick , accidentally dropped a bag of jelly beans in his monster machine . The wacky adventures of the little monster , and his eccentric pals , enchanted , with double entendre , and wit fit for children and adults , grew a great following . Frank Sinatra and his Rat Pack sought out Dormer to tell him they never missed an episode . Dormer lived in Ocean Beach in San Diego , California . Michael Dormer died at home in Ocean Beach , San Diego , California on 10 September 2012 . Shortly before his death he had written this short statement about his work -LSB- source needed -RSB- : DORMER ON DORMER I 've always considered myself an experimentalist . My subject matter is often whimsical or mysteriously off-beat . I 've been told that my work reflects my personality pretty accurately . I follow no particular established schools of painting and consider my works essentially excursions into alternate fantasy dimensions . Odd creatures abound in these regions and strange allegories unfold . New languages are born and mingle freely with conjured-up communicative symbols . My paintings are windows looking out into new places at new things .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53dead3b5be2dfdf3a1bbe498eab151c", "text": "1984 NCAA Division I Women's Swimming and Diving Championships The 1984 NCAA Women 's Division I Swimming and Diving Championships were contested at the third annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I women 's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States . This year 's events were hosted by Indiana University at the Indiana University Natatorium in Indianapolis , Indiana . Texas topped the team standings , finishing 68 points ahead of defending champions Stanford , claiming the Longhorns ' first women 's team title .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d229f26807e2127616fa7bd7a59d4e51", "text": "Yanitelli Center The Victor R. Yanitelli , S.J. Recreational Life Center is a multipurpose athletic facility on the campus of Saint Peter 's University , a private , coeducational Roman Catholic college in Jersey City New Jersey , United States . Notable for its air-supported `` bubble , '' the building opened in 1975 at a cost of $ 6 million and is named after the 17th president of the college . The facility is the host of home contests at the college 's for men 's and women 's basketball , volleyball , tennis , swimming and diving . For men 's basketball games , collapsible bleachers are expanded to cover two of the main gymnasium 's three full courts and provide a seating capacity of 3,200 . For the women 's games , only one of the bleachers is opened . The building also houses an Olympic-size swimming pool with 1 - and 3-meter diving boards , a fitness center , a weight room , a racquetball court , and a squash court . The offices for the Department of Athletics are located on the third floor while the Department of Recreation and Intramural Sports is in the basement . Students often refer to the building simply as `` The Bubble '' due to the air-supported roof , which is one of the most recognizable landmarks on the campus and in Jersey City . The Bubble covers five roof-top tennis courts and a jogging track . The tennis nets can be removed to provide facilities for indoor athletic practices as well as a venue for intramural sporting events .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0592919c68dfb0f7736f14910ee0f066", "text": "How to swim How to Swim is a cartoon made by Walt Disney Productions in 1942 . How to swim may also refer to : How to Swim ( band ) , a pop/rock band from Glasgow , United Kingdom Ability to swim , the ability in a range of organisms to propel motion through a liquid medium Human swimming , the self propulsion of a person through water for survival , recreation , sport , or exercise Swimming ( sport ) , a water based sport", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "474cd1a0d1bbbc37f30fac12a2995000", "text": "Régine Chassagne Régine Chassagne ( -LSB- ʁeˈʒin ʃaˈsaːɲ -RSB- ; born 19 August 1976 ) is a Canadian multi-instrumentalist musician , singer and songwriter , and is a founding member of the band Arcade Fire . She is married to co-founder Win Butler .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3be23dffe54458f47733f38890768053", "text": "Win Butler Edwin Farnham `` Win '' Butler III ( born April 14 , 1980 ) is an American-Canadian lead vocalist , multi-instrumentalist and songwriter of the Montreal-based indie rock band Arcade Fire . His wife Régine Chassagne and younger brother Will Butler are both members of the band .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2afb1aae1b3dcb9e999281006bd6d8f", "text": "William Butler (musician) William Pierce `` Will '' Butler ( born October 6 , 1982 ) is an American multi-instrumentalist and composer who is best known as a core member of the indie rock band Arcade Fire . Will plays synthesizer , bass , guitar and percussion . He is known for his spontaneity and antics during performances . He is the brother of Arcade Fire frontman Win Butler . Butler received his first Academy Award nomination for his work on the original score of the film Her in 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d59f28ec607aad6ed622b025a85475dd", "text": "Tim Kingsbury Tim Kingsbury is a Canadian musician and member of the indie rock band Arcade Fire . He plays bass guitar , guitar , and occasionally keyboards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e0085f5462c431a71bbdb1d7351ee55", "text": "Jeremy Gara Jeremy Gara ( born June 6 , 1978 ) is a Canadian drummer from Ottawa , Ontario .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "937743b1dcdcae0645751434d8b23ebe", "text": "Richard Reed Parry Richard Reed Parry ( born October 4 , 1977 ) is a Canadian multi-instrumentalist , composer , producer , best known as a core member of the Grammy Award-winning indie rock band Arcade Fire , where he plays a wide variety of instruments , often switching between guitar , double bass , drums , celesta , keyboards , and accordion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a86daca5e5cd5ab48f1ba438bd1fa8b4", "text": "Arcade Fire Arcade Fire is a Canadian indie rock band based in Montreal , Quebec , consisting of husband and wife Win Butler and Régine Chassagne , along with Win 's younger brother William Butler , Richard Reed Parry , Tim Kingsbury and Jeremy Gara . The band 's current touring line-up also includes former core member Sarah Neufeld , frequent collaborator Owen Pallett , two additional percussionists , Diol Edmond and Tiwill Duprate , and saxophonists Matt Bauder and Stuart Bogie . Founded in 2001 by friends and classmates Win Butler and Josh Deu , the band came to prominence in 2004 with the release of their critically acclaimed debut album Funeral . Their second studio album , Neon Bible , won them the 2008 Meteor Music Award for Best International Album and the 2008 Juno Award for Alternative Album of the Year . Their third studio album , The Suburbs , was released in 2010 to critical acclaim and commercial success . It received many accolades , including the 2011 Grammy for Album of the Year , the 2011 Juno Award for Album of the Year , and the 2011 Brit Award for Best International Album . In 2013 , Arcade Fire released their fourth album , Reflektor , and scored the feature film Her , for which band members William Butler and Owen Pallett were nominated in the Best Original Score category at the 86th Academy Awards . All four of their studio albums have received nominations for the Best Alternative Music Album Grammy ; the band 's work has also been named three times as a shortlist nominee for the Polaris Music Prize : in 2007 for Neon Bible , in 2011 for The Suburbs and in 2014 for Reflektor , winning the award for The Suburbs . The band plays guitar , drums , bass guitar , piano , violin , viola , cello , double bass , xylophone , glockenspiel , keyboard , synthesizer , French horn , accordion , harp , mandolin , and hurdy-gurdy , and takes most of these instruments on tour ; the multi-instrumentalist band members switch duties throughout shows .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "5fcd8adfad5b26687426a3453a6f8039", "text": "Characteristics of progressive rock Progressive rock is a term that refers to a musical style . The term was originally referred to as `` classical rock '' ( in which a band performed together with an orchestra ) , but the term 's use has expanded in recent years to include other fusions of music styles including jazz fusion , metal and folk rock musics . The term does not refer to one particular music style but to an approach that combines elements of diverse styles . Jerry Ewing , editor of Prog Magazine , explains that `` Prog is not just a sound , it 's a mindset . '' Dream Theater guitarist John Petrucci outlines that Progressive rock is defined by its very lack of stylistic boundaries . The advent of the concept album , plus the genre 's roots in psychedelia , led albums and performances to be viewed as combined presentations of music , lyrics , and visuals . Bands abandoned the short pop single in favor of instrumentation and compositional techniques more frequently associated with jazz or classical music as part of an effort to give rock music the same level of musical sophistication and critical respect . Progressive rock abandons the danceable beat that defines earlier rock styles and is more likely than other types of popular music to experiment with compositional structure , instrumentation , harmony and rhythm , or lyrical content . It may demand more effort on the part of the listener than other types of music . Musicians in progressive rock typically display a high degree of instrumental skill , although this is not always the case . Virtuoso instrumental skills are so closely associated with progressive rock that authors such as Bill Martin consider it as a defining element and exclude bands such as Pink Floyd from consideration . It is not uncommon for musicians to have received a higher-than-average level of formal training . Players from the genre frequently appear in readers ' polls of publications that cater to musicians .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "179fb6bd5685ba02584eb7ac7616a53d", "text": "Filament (band) Filament is a musical group from Japan that consists of Otomo Yoshihide and Sachiko M , two of the major exponents of the electroacoustic improvisation style of music . The two played as a duo for the first time on November 5 , 1995 in London , but it was not until 1997 that they began to play often together and Filament became one of their main projects . At first their work together was branded as A-102 , then they used both Filament and A-102 , and occasionally simply `` duo , '' with no specific project name . Since their United States and France concert tour of May 1998 , they have used the name Filament exclusively .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22ea3d9d6fa6330f29a068bcf275ec4b", "text": "Europe Live Europe Live is Eric Johnson 's fourth live album , released on June 25 , 2014 , by Provogue Records . The album features Johnson , bassist Chris Maresh , and drummer Wayne Salzmann II .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "130f7d9ff1bf8a9f950b454cb191d16b", "text": "The Arcade (producers) The Arcade ( Kurtis Mckenzie and Jon Mills ) are a Grammy-nominated songwriting and music production duo , based in London . They co-produced and co-composed Iggy Azalea 's hit single `` Fancy '' , ( featuring Charli XCX ) , which has sold 7 million copies worldwide to date . The duo produced ` Beg For It ' the lead single of Reclassified the reissue of her debut studio album , with the song selling over 1,000,000 copies and certified Platinum in the United States . The producers have worked with Iggy Azalea , Rita Ora , Conor Maynard , Taio Cruz , Tinie Tempah , Katy B , Maino , Nicola Roberts , and Khalid .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43dc496cd22ec70538c0eb4c41342073", "text": "Dave Matthews & Friends Dave Matthews & Friends is an American jam band that was put together for a tour to support Dave Matthews ' solo debut , Some Devil . Most of the musicians participated in the album 's production . The band consists of : Dave Matthews -- rhythm guitar , lead vocals Trey Anastasio -- lead guitar , vocals Tim Reynolds -- lead guitar Tony Hall -- bass guitar Brady Blade -- drums , backing vocals Ray Paczkowski -- keyboard", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8fb62504be1f67bfbfa38c64f3389632", "text": "Wake Up (Arcade Fire song) `` Wake Up '' is an indie rock song by Canadian rock band Arcade Fire . It was the fifth and final single released from the band 's debut album , Funeral . The single was released as a one-sided 7 '' vinyl record on November 14 , 2005 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d4d75b97f904a97cff219657f638778", "text": "Five Style Five Style ( a name taken from a martial arts technique called `` Five Style Fist '' ) , also known as 5ive Style , is a Chicago-based funk/jam quartet . Their albums were released on the Subpop label in the 1990s . The group existed from about 1993-2000 in various incarnations , centered on the guitar work of Billy Dolan ( who has also played in Heroic Doses , and The Fire Theft which featured 3 members of Sunny Day Real Estate , among other projects ) . Other members were major players of the 1990s Chicago music scene and included bassist Leroy Bach ( of Chicago funk group Uptighty , the first Liz Phair studio band , and Wilco fame ) , drummer John Herndon ( aka `` Johnny Machine '' , who made his first appearances on record in `` Tool of the Man '' era Poster Children and became established as a longstanding drummer/percussionist in Tortoise ) , and keyboardist Jeremy Jacobsen ( also known as The Lonesome Organist and member of Euphone ) . Drummer Ryan Rapsys , also of Euphone and Gauge , filled in on drums on a January 2000 tour when they opened for Giant Sand and Vic Chesnutt . 5ive Style were the opening act in a brief May 1996 tour which also included The Sea and Cake and Tortoise ; by some accounts these dates were the best shows of the Chicago `` post-rock '' hey day .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c17e3587b29864fe5d9d1713c2de142", "text": "This Is Hawkwind, Do Not Panic This is Hawkwind , Do Not Panic is a 1984 live album by the English space rock group Hawkwind . The album consisted of two discs : an LP which was recorded during the group 's 1980 Levitation tour ; and a 12 '' EP recorded at their June 1984 appearance at the Stonehenge Free Festival . The group 's line-up had changed by their June 1984 appearance at the Stonehenge Free Festival , with guitarists Dave Brock , Huw Lloyd-Langton and saxophonist Nik Turner remaining , Harvey Bainbridge switching from bass to keyboards . They were joined by bassist Alan Davey and drummer Clive Deamer , although Danny Thompson deputised for Deamer on the Stonehenge recording . The group undertook a 13 date UK tour in November 1984 to promote this album , with support from Wildfire . The Sheffield University show on 27 November was recorded , and part released on Undisclosed Files Addendum ( 1995 ) . The tracks from disc 1 have been re-issued on the 2009 3CD re-issue of Levitation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7c58001c1ba25ba1d44a51b3c06a1d0", "text": "Nick Launay Nicolas Launay ( born 5 March 1960 ) is an English record producer , composer and recording engineer . He is one of the most sought after record producers in the world due to his success with recent albums by Yeah Yeah Yeahs , Arcade Fire , and Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds . He is among the most successful producers of the post-punk era , helming records from pivotal acts including Blue October , Public Image Ltd , Gang of Four , Killing Joke , The Birthday Party , and The Slits . Launay is known primarily for his passionate approach to recording with emphasis on raw sounds and capturing mood . Other artists he has worked with include : Kate Bush , Talking Heads , David Byrne , INXS , Midnight Oil , Grinderman , Lou Reed , The Veils , The Cribs , Supergrass , The Living End , Band of Skulls , and Silverchair . He lives in Hollywood , United States and travels to London frequently . More recent work includes producing Yeah Yeah Yeahs ' Mosquito , It 's Blitz ! , mixing Arcade Fire 's The Suburbs , and producing and recording Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds 's Push the Sky Away , along with Grinderman 's Grinderman 2 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d8568d0e993e640742805a7b036b9a3", "text": "Use Your Illusion II Use Your Illusion II is the fourth studio album by the American hard rock band Guns N ' Roses . The album was released on September 17 , 1991 , the same day as its counterpart album Use Your Illusion I. Both of the albums were released in conjunction with the Use Your Illusion Tour . Bolstered by the lead single `` You Could Be Mine , '' Use Your Illusion II was the slightly more popular of the two albums , selling 770,000 copies its first week and debuting at No. 1 on the U.S. charts , ahead of Use Your Illusion I '' 's first week sales of 685,000 . As of 2010 , Use Your Illusion II '' has sold 5,587,000 units in the U.S. , according to Nielsen SoundScan . Both albums have since been certified 7 × Platinum by the RIAA . It was also No. 1 on the UK Albums Chart for a single week . It is the last Guns N ' Roses album to feature rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin . It also included the last Guns N ' Roses song to feature drummer Steven Adler , who played on `` Civil War . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "484b5c59fa1ac948d6d7ee5e824f20c3", "text": "PAX AM Days PAX AM Days ( stylized as PAX • AM Days ) is an EP by American rock band Fall Out Boy , released on October 15 , 2013 by Island Records and PAX AM . It consists of 1980s and 90s hardcore punk and punk rock influenced tracks recorded during a two-day `` marathon '' session with producer Ryan Adams and the band in July 2013 at PAX AM Studios . The EP was released on CD , digitally and on double 7 '' vinyl as a stand-alone EP , and also on a limited Save Rock and Roll PAX AM Edition ( 2013 ) double-disc reissue . The double 7 '' vinyl pressing was limited to 3,000 , and released on November 29 as part of Record Store Day - Back to Black Friday . Each copy came with a code for a bonus song download , a cover of `` New Dreams '' by Naked Raygun . The code was found stamped into the dead wax of the 7 '' . On September 30 , Fall Out Boy announced the EP and its release date , as well as premiered the first digital single `` Love , Sex , Death '' with its accompanying video . PAX AM Days was the band 's second release in 2013 after the comeback album Save Rock and Roll , and marks a return to their hardcore musical roots with aggressive guitar work , the `` antithesis '' to the polished Save Rock and Roll . Adams reached out to the group at the request of Fall Out Boy 's friend and collaborator Butch Walker . Bassist Pete Wentz commented `` I think there 's a side of our band in our fans that would appreciate some of the noise that Ryan comes up with , and it would be great for the fans to be able to hear that -- hear sort of the raw energy that happens from sessions like that . '' The band called it `` a collection of songs we did for fun ... us letting out some demons '' rather than a new album . On October 7 , the entire EP was released for free streaming online . The EP debuted at No. 25 on the US Billboard 200 with 11,000 first week sales .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "750f5d78a3bf46097443d5a16dd0bbe2", "text": "The White Arcades The White Arcades ( 1988 ) is an album performed by Harold Budd . The album was recorded at various locations , including Palladium in Edinburgh , and the Cocteau Twins studio in London . Individual tracks were engineered by Robin Guthrie and Brian Eno .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b519835dd0c24c7d78f7fe58d7609f0a", "text": "Sidewinder (band) Sidewinder were an Australian indie pop group founded in 1990 in Canberra by Pip Branson on guitar , Martin Craft on bass guitar and backing vocals , his brother Nick Craft on lead guitar and vocals , and Giri Fox on drums . Early in 1994 Shane Melder replaced Fox on drums and in the next year the group relocated to Sydney . Sidewinder were staples of the Australian alternative rock scene in the 1990s and released two studio albums , Atlantis ( January 1996 ) and Tangerine ( September 1997 ) . Australian musicologist , Ian McFarlane , described them as `` an accessible brand of distortion-drenched , harmony-driven , indie guitar power pop . '' Sidewinder released two albums and three EPS between 1992 and 1998 , all of which were critically acclaimed and received solid Triple J and commercial airplay . These albums ` traversed a broad sonic terrain , from Beatlesesque psychedelia to eardrum shattering ballsy rock ' . Sidewinder were one of the ` best loved live acts of this decade -LSB- 1990s -RSB- ' . had regular spots on festival bills , including the Big Day Out ( 1994 , 1995 , and as national touring artists 1996 ) and played every Homebake from 1996 to 1998 ( January , December 1996 / January , December 1998 ) . They toured extensively with many of their contemporaries , including bands such as Powderfinger , Custard , The Hummingbirds , You Am I , The Clouds , The Fauves , Tumbleweed and Magic Dirt . They also played with other bands , such as Something for Kate , the Dirty Three , the Whitlams , the Underground Lovers and Gaslight Radio . They supported international touring artists , including U2 on the Australian leg of their PopMart Tour in February 1998 . They also played with Pavement , the Jesus and Mary Chain , Sebadoh and Red Kross . They disbanded in 2000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "75c484fc57970aa652d118baecd71b72", "text": "Trial Through Fire City of Fire , the side project of vocalist Burton C. Bell ( Fear Factory ) alongside bassist Byron Stroud ( 3 Inches of Blood , ex-Fear Factory , Strapping Young Lad ) , drummer Bob Wagner and guitarist / producer Terry `` Sho '' Murray launched its much awaited and delayed second album `` Trial Through Fire '' . The CD was recorded at The Factory studios in Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c8518393e5c33f422ff9a0a26af2bbf", "text": "Sarah Neufeld Sarah Neufeld ( born August 27 , 1979 ) is a Canadian violinist is known for her work with indie rock band Arcade Fire , with whom she was a former core member and is currently a touring member . She has worked with other artists and released a number of solo works .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0bd168272f271e2c5806041024655bb9", "text": "Stockholm Syndrome (band) Stockholm Syndrome is an American rock music band formed in Athens , Georgia , as a collaboration between Dave Schools of Widespread Panic and Jerry Joseph of Jerry Joseph and the Jackmormons . The two enlisted Los Angeles drummer Wally Ingram ( Jackson Browne and Sheryl Crow ) , San Francisco guitarist Eric McFadden ( who had previously worked with Keb ' Mo ' , Primus , Les Claypool , and the P Funk All Stars ) , and German keyboardist Danny Dziuk . Dziuk however , has since been replaced on tour by Gov ' t Mule keyboardist Danny Louis . Originally intended as a one-time studio side-project for the musicians , the band released an album in 2004 , Holy Happy Hour , and then went on a nationwide tour in support of the album . The band has toured intermittently since then and on February 16 , 2010 they released a live EP , `` Stockholm Syndrome Live at Streetlight Records , '' which was recorded during an in-store performance at Streetlight Records in Santa Cruz in September 2009 . The band has said that they have gotten another full-length album ready for release . As the band allows audience members to tape their shows , many of their concert recordings can be found at the Internet Archive . The band 's second album , Apollo , was released on February 15 , 2011 . Schools and Joseph wrote the songs after sitting on a porch looking at redwood trees in California . The band recorded in '' a converted chicken coop '' to achieve `` a low-fi garage -LSB- sound -RSB- '' . From the recording sessions , they produced a two-track vinyl record to sell at concerts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22415df9a1e926acee4dd681b595603d", "text": "Amusement Parks on Fire Amusement Parks on Fire are a British rock band from Nottingham . The band was established by Michael Feerick in 2004 , who wrote and performed all the instruments for the self-titled debut album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "704786c98668b6136401b43c0f84400f", "text": "Transplants (band) The Transplants are an American punk rock/rap rock supergroup . They formed in 1999 when Tim Armstrong ( of the bands Rancid and Operation Ivy ) played his friend and roadie Rob Aston some beats he had made using Pro Tools and asked Aston if he would consider contributing lyrics . Initially , Armstrong played all the instruments himself but as the project grew , he invited musician friends such as Matt Freeman ( Rancid ) , Lars Frederiksen ( Rancid ) , and Vic Ruggiero ( The Slackers ) to add to the sound . Before long , Armstrong and Aston decided to officially form a band , but to make things complete , they wanted a drummer , so Travis Barker from Blink-182 was asked to join in 2002 . After the release of their first album , The Transplants briefly disbanded in 2003 , due to all members being involved in their own projects , including Rancid and Blink-182 . Then in 2004 , they reunited to record their second album ( Haunted Cities ) before going on hiatus again until 2010 when the band has started to record new material . This new material was released as In a Warzone in 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52283c1861d91a113158d82b96b8bfc4", "text": "Urban Blitz Urban Blitz is best known for his `` eerie and atmospheric '' ( Ira Robbins ) electric violin , baritone violectra and lead guitar work with the 1970s London protopunk art rock band Doctors of Madness . However , Blitz had considerable earlier musical experience , graduating from a classical background to hone his skills on the London late 1960s , and early 1970s club and pub rock scene . He travelled to Italy in early 1973 , to play with the Neapolitan Italian / Celtic chanteuse , Jenny Sorrenti . He lived and rehearsed with Sorrenti 's band , ` Saint Just ' , in the ` House on the Lake ' on Lake Bracciano , that led to the album of the same name but before the recording , Blitz left Italy to join the Doctors of Madness in June 1974 . With Doctors of Madness , Blitz further developed his unique counterpoint electric violin style , incorporating a garage rock edge to complement the Doctor 's nihilistic , manic , approach to rock music ; using fuzz box , wah-wah pedal , phasing , echoplex and reverberation to appropriate effect . He cited avant garde violinists Jean-Luc Ponty , Don ` Sugarcane ' Harris and John Cale of the Velvet Underground as his main influences ; having largely rejected his early classical training . Blitz was also an adventurous violin designer and maker , and in the early 1970s produced the first ` skeleton ' electric violin design that is widely copied and adapted in mass-produced electric violins today . Blitz 's multifaceted lead guitar work also made a significant impact throughout the Doctors ' music . In the mid 1970s , Blitz did occasional freelance studio work , playing the electric violin solo on `` Watch Out Carolina '' , produced by David Essex , for The Real Thing , and he also showed some flair as a producer himself , working with York punk rock band The Jermz on their single & .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38d1afc5005117eb99a13f60dfd59b12", "text": "Pearl Jam 2008 United States Tour The Pearl Jam 2008 United States Tour was a concert tour by the American rock band Pearl Jam .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f9faa02ec4c307db5ec2a76237e9b997", "text": "Social justice Social justice is the fair and just relation between the individual and society . This is measured by the explicit and tacit terms for the distribution of wealth , opportunities for personal activity and social privileges . In Western as well as in older Asian cultures , the concept of social justice has often referred to the process of ensuring that individuals fulfill their societal roles and receive what was their due from society . In the current global grassroots movements for social justice , the emphasis has been on the breaking of barriers for social mobility , the creation of safety nets and economic justice . Social justice assigns rights and duties in the institutions of society , which enables people to receive the basic benefits and burdens of cooperation . The relevant institutions often include taxation , social insurance , public health , public school , public services , labour law and regulation of markets , to ensure fair distribution of wealth , and equal opportunity . Interpretations that relate justice to a reciprocal relationship to society are mediated by differences in cultural traditions , some of which emphasize the individual responsibility toward society and others the equilibrium between access to power and its responsible use . Hence , social justice is invoked today while reinterpreting historical figures such as Bartolomé de las Casas , in philosophical debates about differences among human beings , in efforts for gender , racial and social equality , for advocating justice for migrants , prisoners , the environment , and the physically and mentally disabled . While the concept of social justice can be traced through the theology of Augustine of Hippo and the philosophy of Thomas Paine , the term `` social justice '' became used explicitly from the 1840s . A Jesuit priest named Luigi Taparelli is typically credited with coining the term , and it spread during the revolutions of 1848 with the work of Antonio Rosmini-Serbati . In the late industrial revolution , progressive American legal scholars began to use the term more , particularly Louis Brandeis and Roscoe Pound . From the early 20th century it was also embedded in international law and institutions ; the preamble to establish the International Labour Organization recalled that `` universal and lasting peace can be established only if it is based upon social justice . '' In the later 20th century , social justice was made central to the philosophy of the social contract , primarily by John Rawls in A Theory of Justice ( 1971 ) . In 1993 , the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action treats social justice as a purpose of human rights education .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e80fc70a246fec944be30cb304bda4a", "text": "A Theory of Justice A Theory of Justice is a work of political philosophy and ethics by John Rawls , in which the author attempts to solve the problem of distributive justice ( the socially just distribution of goods in a society ) by utilising a variant of the familiar device of the social contract . The resultant theory is known as `` Justice as Fairness '' , from which Rawls derives his two principles of justice : the liberty principle and the difference principle . First published in 1971 , A Theory of Justice was revised in both 1975 ( for the translated editions ) and 1999 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f9540e0d3cdee222cdb436490003ca10", "text": "Third Way In politics , the Third Way is a position akin to centrism that tries to reconcile right-wing and left-wing politics by advocating a varying synthesis of right-wing economic and left-wing social policies . The Third Way was created as a serious re-evaluation of political policies within various centre-left progressive movements in response to international doubt regarding the economic viability of the state ; economic interventionist policies that had previously been popularized by Keynesianism and contrasted with the corresponding rise of popularity for economic liberalism and the New Right . The Third Way is promoted by some social democratic and social liberal movements . Major Third Way social democratic proponent Tony Blair claimed that the socialism he advocated was different from traditional conceptions of socialism . Blair said `` My kind of socialism is a set of values notions of social justice ... Socialism as a rigid form of economic determinism has ended , and rightly '' . Blair referred to it as `` social-ism '' that involves politics that recognized individuals as socially interdependent , and advocated social justice , social cohesion , equal worth of each citizen , and equal opportunity . Third Way social democratic theorist Anthony Giddens has said that the Third Way rejects the traditional conception of socialism , and instead accepts the conception of socialism as conceived of by Anthony Crosland as an ethical doctrine that views social democratic governments as having achieved a viable ethical socialism by removing the unjust elements of capitalism by providing social welfare and other policies , and that contemporary socialism has outgrown the Marxian claim for the need of the abolition of capitalism . Blair in 2009 publicly declared support for a `` new capitalism '' . It supports the pursuit of greater egalitarianism in society through action to increase the distribution of skills , capacities , and productive endowments , while rejecting income redistribution as the means to achieve this . It emphasizes commitment to balanced budgets , providing equal opportunity combined with an emphasis on personal responsibility , decentralization of government power to the lowest level possible , encouragement of public-private partnerships , improving labour supply , investment in human development , protection of social capital , and protection of the environment . The Third Way has been criticized by some conservatives and libertarians who advocate laissez-faire capitalism . It has also been heavily criticized by many social democrats , democratic socialists , anarchists and communists in particular as a betrayal of left-wing values . Specific definitions of Third Way policies may differ between Europe and America .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "78ea6dd9287f24c0855296115377c03b", "text": "Ecological self Ecological self is central to the school of Experiential Deep Ecology , which , based on the work of Norwegian philosopher Arne Næss , argues that through the process of self-actualisation , one transcends the nations of the individuated `` egoic '' self and arrives at a position of an ecological self . So long as one is working within the narrower concept of self , Næss argues , environmentally responsible behaviour is a form of altruism , a `` doing good for the other '' , which historically has been a precarious ethical basis , usually involved in exhorting others to `` be good '' . Næss argues that in his Ecosophy , the enlargement of the ego-self to the eco-self results in environmentally responsible behaviour as a form of self-interest . Warwick Fox argued that Næss 's philosophy was based upon a variety of `` transpersonal ecology '' in which self-interest was firmly embedded within the interest of the ecommunity ecosphere of which the self was eternally embedded As deep ecologist John Seed has stated , `` Deep ecology critiques the idea that we are the crown of creation , the measure of all being : that the world is a pyramid with humanity rightly on top , merely a resource , and that nature has instrumental value only '' . The concept of the Ecological Self goes beyond anthropocentrism , which , by contrast locates human concerns as the exclusive source of all value . It draws upon the Land Ethic of Aldo Leopold . Leopold argued that within conventional ethics , the land itself was considered only as property , occupying a role analogous to slavery in earlier societies that permitted the ownership of people . By comparison a land ethic enlarges the boundary of moral concern to include `` soils , waters , plants , and animals , or collectively : the land '' . The basis of such a non-anthropocentric ethic , according to Leopold was that `` A thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity , stability , and beauty of the biotic community . It is wrong when it tends otherwise . '' Like Thomas Berry and Brian Swimme , ecological philosopher Freya Mathews argues that in considering the ecological self , we need to look beyond the present to the `` deep time '' of ages past , in the evolution of life and the creation of the cosmos , in order to consider the real roots of human consciousness . Experiential deep ecologist Joanna Macy speaks of the Ecological Self in her book `` World as Lover , World as Self '' , and uses the concept in her work on `` Deep Time '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aecd607c3cda2f24a58ac71f180bc2ca", "text": "Social Science History Association The Social Science History Association , formed in 1976 , brings together scholars from numerous disciplines interested in social history . Statement of Purpose : To bring together members of various disciplines ( including economics , sociology , demography , anthropology , and history ) who work with historical materials . Social Science History is a quarterly , peer-reviewed academic journal . It is the official journal of the Social Science History Association . Its articles bring an analytic , theoretical , and often quantitative approach to historical evidence . The journal 's founders intended to `` improve the quality of historical explanation '' with `` theories and methods from the social science disciplines '' and to make generalizations across historical cases . The first issue came out in the fall of 1976 . The journal 's articles that are most-accessed and cited through JSTOR are about social and political movements and associated narratives . The `` Social Science History Association '' was formed in 1976 as an interdisciplinary group with a journal Social Science History and an annual convention . The goal was to incorporate in historical studies perspectives from all the social sciences , especially political science , sociology and economics . The pioneers shared a commitment to quantification . However , by the 1980s the first blush of quantification had worn off , as critics complained that quantification undervalued the role of contingency , and warned against a naive positivism . Meanwhile quantification became well-established inside economics , in the field of cliometrics , as well as in political science . In history , quantification remained central to demographic studies , but slipped behind in political and social history .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b623b2f8759d764f32265494bcf6d8b", "text": "Marxist philosophy Marxist philosophy or Marxist theory are works in philosophy that are strongly influenced by Karl Marx 's materialist approach to theory , or works written by Marxists . Marxist philosophy may be broadly divided into Western Marxism , which drew out of various sources , and the official philosophy in the Soviet Union , which enforced a rigid reading of Marx called dialectical materialism , in particular during the 1930s . Marxist philosophy is not a strictly defined sub-field of philosophy , because the diverse influence of Marxist theory has extended into fields as varied as aesthetics , ethics , ontology , epistemology , theoretical psychology and philosophy of science , as well as its obvious influence on political philosophy and the philosophy of history . The key characteristics of Marxism in philosophy are its materialism and its commitment to political practice as the end goal of all thought . Marxist theorist Louis Althusser , for example , defined philosophy as `` class struggle in theory '' , thus radically separating himself from those who claimed philosophers could adopt a `` God 's eye view '' as a purely neutral judge .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "19240459b5dd0c265664de1b23187870", "text": "Gender feminism Gender feminism is a term used in relation to other forms of feminism . First explicated in the book `` Who Stole Feminism ? '' in 1994 , Christina Hoff Sommers categorized gender feminism as a gynocentric subdivision of feminism . According to Wendy McElroy and Christina Hoff Sommers , gender or political feminism is defined in opposition to individualist feminism . Disapproval of modern-day gender roles and the gradual eradication of them are at the foundation of gender feminism . Gender feminism aims to bring awareness to a perspective on the development of the different sexes Feminism , itself , is defined in Sommers ' book , `` Who Stole Feminism ? '' as a `` collection of movements and ideologies aimed at defining , establishing , and defending equal political , economic , and social rights for women . '' Gender feminism views gender as socially constructed . Furthermore , that this construction of gender is embedded into various aspects of the everyday social order , which consists of power , privileges and economic resources . The term was used especially in the early 1990s to refer to some different concepts . It has been used to distinguish perceived radical feminism in comparison to liberal feminism . It has also been used in relation to some feminists ' arguments about gendering and other topics : that all cognition is gendered and that all knowledge is gendered . Gender reform feminism laid the theoretical groundwork for second-wave feminism . Contrary to equity feminist , who have an exclusive sociopolitical aspiration for men 's and women 's legal and social equality , gender feminist also argue that psychological differences between men and women are adapted from societal acclimation and have little to do with evolution . Critiques Though viewed as the dominant feminist outlook among scholars , as an alternative version of feminism , gender feminism has been met with opposition . Critiques argue that there is science that supports the claim that the sexes are substantially different in a natural and inherent way . Kuhle maintains that due to evolution , regardless of whether they are viewed as equal , men and women have diverse roles in society . Other critiques have said that though feminism is the dismantlement of the patriarchy and challenges gender roles , the notion that gender differences do not exist biologically is problematic . Others argue that every feminist has an altered standpoint on the movement due to the varying hurdles women of different backgrounds come across . This would validate gender feminists in their fight to raise awareness for equality through the belief that gender should not possess as much value in the society as it currently does . Divisions in feminist ideology have caused many to question the cohesiveness of the feminist movement as a whole and if devoting their efforts to the movement would genuinely be beneficial . Although , varying perspectives have hindered the collaboration of some feminist subdivisions , a common interest in the upward mobilization of women as a whole has prompted a desire for a more inclusive and universal feminist movement . A category of anti-gender feminism has also been described .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ccc34428c2c2739d8d2ac80612ee2776", "text": "African philosophy African philosophy is philosophy produced by African people , philosophy that presents African worldviews , or philosophy that uses distinct African philosophical methods . Although African philosophers may be found in the various academic fields of philosophy , such as metaphysics , epistemology , moral philosophy , and political philosophy , much of the modern African philosophy has been concerned with defining the ethnophilosophical parameters of African philosophy and identifying what differentiates it from other philosophical traditions . One of the implicit assumptions of ethnophilosophy is that a specific culture can have a philosophy that is not applicable and accessible to all peoples and cultures in the world , however this concept is disputed by traditional philosophers . Furthermore , in A Discourse on African Philosophy : A New Perspective on Ubuntu and Transitional Justice in South Africa , Christian B. N. Gade argues that the ethnophilosophical approach to African philosophy as a static group property is highly problematic . His research on ubuntu presents an alternative collective discourse on African philosophy ( `` collective '' in the sense that it does not focus on any individual in particular ) that takes differences , historical developments , and social contexts seriously . Father of African Philosophy , Uzodinma Nwala , prior to his employment to teach at UNN , there was nothing called African Philosophy as course of study in any university . `` All we were taught as students were Western philosophy . Nothing like African philosophy existed anywhere . In fact , many years after the introduction of the courses , there still remained arguments among experts , whether there was really African Philosophy '' . He was awarded the Aime Cesiare award in 2013 at the University of Abuja . African Philosophy can be formally defined as a critical thinking by Africans on their experiences of reality . Nigerian born Philosopher K.C. Anyanwu defined African philosophy as `` that which concerns itself with the way in which African people of the past and present make sense of their destiny and of the world in which they live . '' In this regard , African philosophy is a critical reflection on African leaderships in the administration of their duties towards their citizens ; the morally blameworthiness or praiseworthiness of it . It will also provide possible solutions to the problems experienced in African governances . As a rational critical inquiry on Africans and their worlds , it is consequently the task of African philosophy and of African philosophers to make the uncoordinated coordinated , the uncritical critical and the inarticulate articulate , particularly of the preliterate Africa . One of the most basic disagreements concerns what exactly the term ` African ' qualifies : the content of the philosophy and the distinctive methods employed , or the identities of the philosophers . On the former view , philosophy counts as African if it involves African themes such as perceptions of time , personhood , space and other subjects , or uses methods that are defined as distinctively African . In the latter view , African philosophy is any philosophy produced by Africans or by people of African descent , and others engaged in critiques or analysis of their works . Nigerian philosopher Joseph I. Omoregbe broadly defines a philosopher as one who attempts to understand the world 's phenomena , the purpose of human existence , the nature of the world , and the place of human beings in that world . This form of natural philosophy is identifiable in Africa even before individual African philosophers can be distinguished in the sources .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e4c9a63f609d2f65add5e22de20b29e", "text": "Dialectic Dialectic or dialectics ( διαλεκτική , dialektikḗ ) , also known as the dialectical method , is a discourse between two or more people holding different points of view about a subject but wishing to establish the truth through reasoned arguments . The term dialectic is not synonymous with the term debate . While in theory debaters are not necessarily emotionally invested in their point of view , in practice debaters frequently display an emotional commitment that may cloud rational judgment . Debates are won through a combination of persuading the opponent , proving one 's argument correct , and proving the opponent 's argument incorrect . Debates do not necessarily require promptly identifying a clear winner or loser ; however , clear winners are frequently determined by a judge , a jury or group consensus . The term dialectics is also not synonymous with the term rhetoric , a method or art of discourse that seeks to persuade , inform , or motivate an audience . Concepts , like `` logos '' or rational appeal , `` pathos '' or emotional appeal , and `` ethos '' or ethical appeal , are intentionally used by rhetoricians to persuade an audience . Socrates favoured truth as the highest value , proposing that it could be discovered through reason and logic in discussion : ergo , dialectic . Socrates valued rationality ( appealing to logic , not emotion ) as the proper means for persuasion , the discovery of truth , and the determinant for one 's actions . To Socrates , truth , not aretē ( moral virtue ) , was the greater good , and each person should , above all else , seek truth to guide one 's life . Therefore , Socrates opposed the Sophists and their teaching of rhetoric as art and as emotional oratory requiring neither logic nor proof . Different forms of dialectical reasoning have emerged throughout history from the Indosphere ( Greater India ) and the West ( Europe ) . These forms include the Socratic method , Hindu , Buddhist , Medieval , Hegelian dialectics , Marxist , Talmudic , and Neo-orthodoxy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "796019bab7a4d60aeb69f99f57a6442e", "text": "Social philosophy Social philosophy is the study of questions about social behavior and interpretations of society and social institutions in terms of ethical values rather than empirical relations . Social philosophers place new emphasis on understanding the social contexts for political , legal , moral , and cultural questions , and to the development of novel theoretical frameworks , from social ontology to care ethics to cosmopolitan theories of democracy , human rights , gender equity and global justice .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9a5a77b57a089e9222d989ec009e726", "text": "Philosophy and economics Philosophy and economics , also philosophy of economics , studies topics such as rational choice , the appraisal of economic outcomes , institutions and processes , and the ontology of economic phenomena and the possibilities of acquiring knowledge of them . Although these inquiries overlap in many ways , it is useful to divide philosophy of economics in this way into three subject matters which can be regarded respectively as branches of action theory , ethics ( or normative social and political philosophy ) , and philosophy of science . Economic theories of rationality , welfare , and social choice defend substantive philosophical theses often informed by relevant philosophical literature and of evident interest to those interested in action theory , philosophical psychology , and social and political philosophy . Economics is of particular interest to those interested in epistemology and philosophy of science both because of its detailed peculiarities and because it possesses many of the overt features of the natural sciences , while its object consists of social phenomena .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f658e17102e3945b1e474718fd0ff3ef", "text": "Justice (economics) Justice in economics is a subcategory of welfare economics with models frequently representing the ethical-social requirements of a given theory , whether `` in the large , '' as of a just social order , or `` in the small , '' as in the equity of `` how institutions distribute specific benefits and burdens . '' That theory may or may not elicit acceptance . In the Journal of Economic Literature classification codes ` justice ' is scrolled to at JEL : D63 , wedged on the same line between ` Equity ' and ` Inequality ' along with ` Other Normative Criteria and Measurement ' . Categories above and below the line are Externalities and Altruism . Some ideas about justice and ethics overlap with the origins of economic thought , often as to distributive justice and sometimes as to Marxian analysis . The subject is a topic of normative economics and philosophy and economics . In early welfare economics , where mentioned , ` justice ' was little distinguished from maximization of all individual utility functions or a social welfare function . As to the latter , Paul Samuelson ( 1947 ) , expanding on work of Abram Bergson , represents a social welfare function in general terms as any ethical belief system required to order any ( hypothetically feasible ) social states for the entire society as `` better than , '' `` worse than , '' or `` indifferent to '' each other . Kenneth Arrow ( 1963 ) showed a difficulty of trying to extend a social welfare function consistently across different hypothetical ordinal utility functions even apart from justice . Utility maximization survives , even with the rise of ordinal-utility/Pareto theory , as an ethical basis for economic-policy judgments in the wealth-maximization criterion invoked in law and economics . Amartya Sen ( 1970 ) , Kenneth Arrow ( 1983 ) , Serge-Christophe Kolm ( 1969 , 1996 , 2000 ) , and others have considered ways in which utilitarianism as an approach to justice is constrained or challenged by independent claims of equality in the distribution of primary goods , liberty , entitlements , opportunity , exclusion of antisocial preferences , possible capabilities , and fairness as non-envy plus Pareto efficiency . Alternate approaches have treated combining concern for the worst off with economic efficiency , the notion of personal responsibility and ( de ) merits of leveling individual benefits downward , claims of intergenerational justice , and other non-welfarist/Pareto approaches . Justice is a subarea of social choice theory , for example as to extended sympathy , and more generally in the work of Arrow , Sen , and others . A broad reinterpretation of justice from the perspective of game theory , social contract theory , and evolutionary naturalism is found in works of Ken Binmore ( 1994 , 1998 , 2004 ) and others . Arguments on fairness as an aspect of justice have been invoked to explain a wide range of behavioral and theoretical applications , supplementing earlier emphasis on economic efficiency ( Konow , 2003 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b28ce08987715c3b620f45666e69e7d6", "text": "Transformative social change Transformative social change is a philosophical , practical and strategic process to affect revolutionary change within society , i.e. , social transformation . It is effectively a systems approach applied to broad-based social change and social justice efforts to catalyze sociocultural , socioeconomic and political revolution . In seeking to integrate and then politicize personal development and social development as an overarching approach to social change at multiple levels , addressing a wide range of issues , using holistic , nonviolent methods , it may be best classified as a new social movement . Rather than focus on particular issue ( s ) , it seeks to impact the culture of left of center social movement and organizing work . However , by considering the dismantling of and liberation from oppressive systems , including economic , as core to its goal , it defies even definitions put forth for new social movements . As a comprehensive approach to progressive social change , it seeks distinguishes to itself from the `` ordinary '' change of conventional social change , social justice and their respective organizing practices by placing emphasis on personal , organizational and social systemic change that can not be undone , or `` deep change '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "865c426845c60ad65df1d903fd81ab38", "text": "Equality of outcome Equality of outcome , equality of condition , or equality of results is a political concept which is central to some political ideologies and is used regularly in political discourse , often in contrast to the term equality of opportunity . It describes a state in which people have approximately the same material wealth and income , or in which the general economic conditions of their lives are similar . Achieving equal results generally entails reducing or eliminating material inequalities between individuals or households in a society , and usually involves a transfer of income or wealth from wealthier to poorer individuals , or adopting other measures to promote equality of condition . A related way of defining equality of outcome is to think of it as `` equality in the central and valuable things in life . '' One account in the Journal of Political Philosophy suggested that the term meant , `` equalising where people end up rather than where or how they begin , '' but described this sense of the term as `` simplistic '' since it failed to identify what was supposed to be made equal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21320181f2aec9ba98b391923d4d8bfb", "text": "LGBT social movements Lesbian , gay , bisexual , transgender , and questioning ( LGBTQ ) social movements are social movements that advocate for the equalized acceptance of LGBT people in society . In these movements , LGBTQ people and their allies have a long history of campaigning for what is now generally called LGBTQ rights , sometimes also called gay rights or gay and lesbian rights . Although there is not a primary or an overarching central organization that represents all LGBT people and their interests , numerous LGBT rights organizations are active worldwide . The earliest organizations to support LGBT rights were formed in the 19th century . A commonly stated goal among these movements is social equality for LGBT people , but there is still denial of full LGBTQ rights . Some have also focused on building LGBT communities or worked towards liberation for the broader society from biphobia , homophobia , and transphobia . There is a struggle for LGBTQ rights today . LGBT movements organized today are made up of a wide range of political activism and cultural activity , including lobbying , street marches , social groups , media , art , and research . Overview Sociologist Mary Bernstein writes : `` For the lesbian and gay movement , then , cultural goals include ( but are not limited to ) challenging dominant constructions of masculinity and femininity , homophobia , and the primacy of the gendered heterosexual nuclear family ( heteronormativity ) . Political goals include changing laws and policies in order to gain new rights , benefits , and protections from harm . '' Bernstein emphasizes that activists seek both types of goals in both the civil and political spheres . As with other social movements there is also conflict within and between LGBT movements , especially about strategies for change and debates over exactly who comprises the constituency that these movements represent , this also applies to changing education . There is debate over to what extent lesbians , gays , bisexuals , transgender people , intersexed people and others share common interests and a need to work together . Leaders of the lesbian and gay movement of the 1970s , 80s and 90s often attempted to hide masculine lesbians , feminine gay men , transgender people , and bisexuals from the public eye , creating internal divisions within LGBT communities . Roffee and Waling ( 2016 ) discovered that LGBTIQ people experience microaggressions , bullying and anti-social behaviours from other people within the LGBTIQ community . This is due to misconceptions and conflicting views as to what entails `` LGBTIQ '' . For example , transgender people found that other members of the community were not understanding to their own , individual , specific needs and would instead make ignorant assumptions , and this can cause health risks . Additionally , bisexual people found that lesbian or gay people were not understanding or appreciative of the bisexual sexuality . Evidently , even though most of these people would say that they stand for the same values as the majority of the community , there are still remaining inconsistencies even within the LGBTIQ community . LGBT movements have often adopted a kind of identity politics that sees gay , bisexual and transgender people as a fixed class of people ; a minority group or groups , and this is very common among LGBTQ communities . Those using this approach aspire to liberal political goals of freedom and equal opportunity , and aim to join the political mainstream on the same level as other groups in society . In arguing that sexual orientation and gender identity are innate and can not be consciously changed , attempts to change gay , lesbian and bisexual people into heterosexuals ( `` conversion therapy '' ) are generally opposed by the LGBT community . Such attempts are often based in religious beliefs that perceive gay , lesbian and bisexual activity as immoral . However , others within LGBT movements have criticised identity politics as limited and flawed , elements of the queer movement have argued that the categories of gay and lesbian are restrictive , and attempted to deconstruct those categories , which are seen to `` reinforce rather than challenge a cultural system that will always mark the nonheterosexual as inferior . '' After the French Revolution the anticlerical feeling in Catholic countries coupled with the liberalizing effect of the Napoleonic Code made it possible to sweep away sodomy laws . However , in Protestant countries , where the church was less severe , there was no general reaction against statutes that were religious in origin . As a result , many of those countries retained their statutes on sodomy until late in the 20th century .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f94b1efce2e75e0837942152947b7da5", "text": "Common good In philosophy , economics , and political science , the common good ( also commonwealth or common weal ) is a term of art , referring to either what is shared and beneficial for all or most members of a given community , or alternatively , what is achieved by citizenship , collective action , and active participation in the realm of politics and public service . The concept of the common good differs significantly among philosophical doctrines . Early conceptions of the common good were set out by Ancient Greek philosophers , including Aristotle and Plato . One understanding of the common good rooted in Aristotle 's philosophy remains in common usage today , referring to what one contemporary scholar calls the `` good proper to , and attainable only by , the community , yet individually shared by its members . '' The concept of common good developed through the work of political theorists , moral philosophers , and public economists , including Thomas Aquinas , Niccolò Machiavelli , John Locke , Jean-Jacques Rousseau , James Madison , Adam Smith , Karl Marx , John Stuart Mill , John Rawls , and many other thinkers . In contemporary economic theory , a common good is any good which is rivalrous yet non-excludable , while the common good , by contrast , arises in the subfield of welfare economics and refers to the outcome of a social welfare function . Such a social welfare function , in turn , would be rooted in a moral theory of the good ( such as utilitarianism ) . Social choice theory aims to understand processes by which the common good may or may not be realized in societies through the study of collective decision rules . And public choice theory applies microeconomic methodology to the study of political science in order to explain how private interests affect political activities and outcomes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "438ed22a2f1748cbd58b9f0a4636b756", "text": "Center for the Study of Science and Religion The Center for the Study of Science and Religion ( CSSR ) is a center inside The Earth Institute at Columbia University . It `` was founded in the summer of 1999 as a forum for the examination of issues that lie at the boundary of these two complementary ways of comprehending the world and our place in it . By examining the intersections that cross over the boundaries between one or another science and one or another religion , the CSSR hopes to stimulate dialogue and encourage understanding . '' The founder and director of CSSR is Robert Pollack , Professor of Biological Sciences and Adjunct Professor of Science and Religion at Union Theological Seminary in the City of New York and also Adjunct Professor of Religion at Columbia University . Questions currently being addressed by CSSR include : Development and equitable sharing of water resources between nations in the Jordan River Valley , with Upmanu Lall Long term women 's health effects of human egg harvesting , with Wendy Chavkin American slavery and memory , with Patricia J. Williams CSSR offers courses , varying in length and content , for undergraduates , graduate students , clergy , and professional students . CSSR sponsors one major symposium about every two years , and four or more guest lectures each semester . CSSR symposia have included : Mind and Reality , February 25 & 26 , 2005 Love and its Obstacles , November 7 , 2004 Destructive Emotions : Neuroscience , Psychology and Buddhism , January 28 , 2003 A Colloquium on the Centennial of William James 's The Varieties of Religious Experience , March 24 & 25 , 2002 CSSR and Columbia University Press oversee publication of the Columbia Series in Science and Religion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2053fd097ba6bb7a54fb8811ce405fc9", "text": "Justice (ethics) In research ethics , justice is the fair selection of research participants . Justice is the ideal distribution of risks and benefits when scientists conducting clinical research are recruiting volunteer research participants to participate in clinical trials . The concept gives guidelines on how scientific objectives and not membership in either a privileged or vulnerable population should determine which members of which communities should meet inclusion criteria to participate in research in order to most equitably share the risks and benefits of the research .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "757389913b9b73aaf440e00493e82722", "text": "Pragmatic ethics Pragmatic ethics is a theory of normative philosophical ethics . Ethical pragmatists , such as John Dewey , believe that some societies have progressed morally in much the way they have attained progress in science . Scientists can pursue inquiry into the truth of a hypothesis and accept the hypothesis , in the sense that they act as though the hypothesis were true ; nonetheless , they think that future generations can advance science , and thus future generations can refine or replace ( at least some of ) their accepted hypotheses . Similarly , ethical pragmatists think that norms , principles , and moral criteria are likely to be improved as a result of inquiry .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1af324e058d65a2102c64b77659e1726", "text": "Public interest Public interest , according to the Random House Dictionary , is `` 1 . the welfare or well-being of the general public ; commonwealth . 2 . appeal or relevance to the general populace : a news story of public interest . '' Economist Lok Sang Ho in his Public Policy and the Public Interest ( Routledge , 2012 , published 2011 ) argues that the public interest must be assessed impartially and , therefore , defines the public interest as the `` ex ante welfare of the representative individual . '' Under a thought experiment , by assuming that there is an equal chance for one to be anyone in society and , thus , could benefit or suffer from a change , the public interest is by definition enhanced whenever that change is preferred to the status quo ex ante . This approach is `` ex ante '' , in the sense that the change is not evaluated after the fact but assessed before the fact without knowing whether one would actually benefit or suffer from it . This approach follows the `` veil of ignorance '' approach , which was first proposed by John Harsanyi but popularized by John Rawls in his 1971 Theory of Justice . Historically , however , the approach can be traced to John Stuart Mill , who , in his letter to George Grote , explained that `` human happiness , even one 's own , is in general more successfully pursued by acting on general rules , than by measuring the consequences of each act ; and this is still more the case with the general happiness , since any other plan would not only leave everybody uncertain what to expect , but would involve perpetual quarrelling ... '' The Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales argues that applying a detailed definition is likely to result in unintended consequences , in Acting in the Public Interest ( 2012 ) . Instead , each circumstance needs to be assessed based on criteria such as the relevant public , wants , and constraints . The key to assessing any public interest decision is transparency of the decision-making process , including balancing competing interests .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7eae41a71d6f2c15feed0f8ffae08e1c", "text": "Intellectual An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking , research , and reflection about the reality of society , and proposes solutions for the normative problems of society , and thus he or she gains authority as a public intellectual . Coming from the world of culture , either as a creator or as a mediator , the intellectual participates in politics , either to defend a concrete proposition or to denounce an injustice , usually by producing or by extending an ideology , and by defending a system of values .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "15487dfc3c8c452c9046c052051daed5", "text": "Ramona Marquez Ramona Marquez ( born 24 February 2001 ) is a British child actress from London , best known for her role as Karen Brockman in the BBC One sitcom Outnumbered .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "d86413ec35bc93a2df72597864a424bd", "text": "Netherlands Antilles at the 1991 Pan American Games The 11th Pan American Games were held in Havana , Cuba from August 2 to August 18 , 1991 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dca4316b5d6a806935f56d8929339b2b", "text": "Thierry Moutinho Thierry Rua Moutinho ( born 26 February 1991 ) is a Portuguese footballer who plays for Spanish club RCD Mallorca as a midfielder .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6303ee1900c2e57845e530bbdbf585de", "text": "Ricardo Chará Ricardo Chará Lerma ( born 24 May 1990 ) is a Colombian footballer , currently free agent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d111dbc90021f1e389414e092f71b6b", "text": "Jorge Valencia Jorge Valencia ( born April 6 , 1991 in Querétaro ) is a Mexican footballer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c38f0194ea0ba372ac0251a7d27b9c5", "text": "Juan José Navarro Guerra Juan José Navarro Guerra ( born 8 March 1991 ) is a Spanish footballer who plays for SD Ejea as a central midfielder .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "849ea1c18bdd71218bddb9c6bba3c77f", "text": "Arturo Ramírez Arturo José Ramírez Álvarez ( born 19 April 1991 in San Juan de los Morros ) is a Venezuelan sprinter . He competed in the 4 × 400 m relay event at the 2012 Summer Olympics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a091ded5168b713d087237ec3e9d01f", "text": "Édson Rivera Édson Ulises Rivera Vargas ( born 4 November 1991 in Guadalajara ) is a Mexican professional footballer who plays as a striker for Santos Laguna in the Liga MX .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec6c0fe939587c247b1b8fc77b82ce75", "text": "Diego González Reyes Diego Ignacio González Reyes ( born 16 January 1991 ) is a Chilean footballer that currently plays for Deportes Copiapó in the Primera B de Chile .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07a1fb79915fd6c95d2f029f7dfd90ee", "text": "Katherine Alvarado Katherine Alvarado ( born 11 April 1991 ) is a Costa Rican footballer who play as a midfielder .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2535dfea7d49daad6d9082017091a296", "text": "Ramon Llull University Ramon Llull University ( Universitat Ramon Llull , URL -LSB- uniβərsiˈtat rəˈmoɲ ˈʎuʎ -RSB- ) is a private university located in Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain established in 1990 . Currently it is formed by several different colleges specialized in different topics , most of which are located in downtown Barcelona .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e83c3d9923dfaa4aa571647327ed7a9", "text": "Ramón Puerta Federico Ramón Puerta ( born September 9 , 1951 ) is an Argentine Peronist politician who has served as a governor , senator and national deputy and effectively acted as President of Argentina during 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a8978ce7c3ec22ec4c4748ffb4fea0e", "text": "Antonio Alejandro Franco Antonio Alejandro Franco Arza ( born 10 July 1991 ) is a Paraguayan footballer who plays for Deportivo Capiatá in the Paraguayan Primera División .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf534b3c2aada8b8edb8a5054fc54f2b", "text": "Jessica Salazar Trejo Jessica Salazar Trejo ( born 30 May 1991 ) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PRD . As of 2013 she served as Deputy of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing the State of Mexico .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f0ccc6ab72cd5c51888f37f3005f574", "text": "Conchi Ríos Conchi Reyes Ríos ( born 11 March 1991 ) is a Spanish bullfighter . In 2011 , she was the first woman to take two ears off a bull . In 2015 , she was featured on a Spanish national list of bullfighters , one of six women out of 825 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7eff70f2c177495a478800dee387086", "text": "1991 PBA First Conference Finals The 1991 PBA First Conference Finals was the best-of-7 basketball championship series of the 1991 PBA First Conference , and the conclusion of the conference 's playoffs . Ginebra San Miguel and the Shell Rimula X played for the 48th championship contested by the league . This series also serves as a rematch after Shell captured the championship in the same conference a year before when Ginebra ( then known as the Añejo Rum 65ers ) walked out of the playing court in the sixth and series-clinching game with Shell leading , 62-47 with 2:52 left in the second quarter . Ginebra San Miguel won against Shell Rimula X in seven games to capture their third PBA title , coming from a 1-3 deficit . Ginebra 's championship victory was the biggest PBA finals comeback in the league 's history until the 2015 -- 16 Philippine Cup Finals when the San Miguel Beermen came back from a 0 -- 3 deficit to defeat the Alaska Aces and win the championship series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0fdfae38a5400be93622b8664552ecb", "text": "Maria Arrillaga María Arrillaga is a Puerto Rican poet who has been a professor at the University of Puerto Rico . She taught in the Spanish Department on the Rio Piedras campus . She is a member of PEN American Center as well as PEN Club de Puerto Rico . She was a member of the Women 's Writing Committee of PEN International , served as its secretary and organizer for Latin America . Arrillaga was president of PEN Club de Puerto Rico during 1989-1991 . She is the author of several collections of poetry . According to Matos Paoli , the poetry of Maria Arrillaga participates in the `` demythologizing conventional culture '' both in the claiming of human sexual nature and in its commitment to social justice . She has contributed to the following journals : Confrontation , Cupey , Festa Da Palabra , PEN International , and Tercer Milenio . Dr. Arrillaga was a 1996 fiction finalist at the Institute of Latin American Writers . In Puerto Rico , she has won awards for poetry , essays , and fiction . She is currently working on a book of memoirs , The Guava Orchard , and has a home in two cities ; New York and Old San Juan , Puerto Rico .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e7888b3faf896f116cd5300a5297cd5", "text": "Rhonard García Rhonard García Ángeles ( born September 15 , 1990 ) is a Dominican footballer who plays for local club Cibao FC as a midfielder . He also can play as a fullback in both sides .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8869f428667a091e6b138cb64615fd01", "text": "Yurena María del Mar Cuena Seisdedos ( Baracaldo , 11 December 1966 ) , known under the stage names Tamara ( 1990-2004 ) , Ámbar ( 2004-2005 ) and then Yurena ( from 2005 ) is a Spanish pop singer . Her early career was marred by controversy , but after a five-year hiatus from the music industry while she operated a club , she launched a successful comeback . Her music was introduced to China in 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30b2a15c64c00f66eb3f2ed61ef7cb63", "text": "Juan José Calderón Juan José Calderón Enríquez ( born February 17 , 1991 in Tlajomulco de Zúñiga , Jalisco ) , known as Juan Calderón , is a Mexican professional footballer who plays for Tlaxcala F.C.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3aa40747af1139f487081610f934c627", "text": "Ramón Ayala Ramón Covarrubias Garza ( born December 8 , 1945 ) known by his stage name Ramón Ayala is a Mexican musician , composer and songwriter of Norteño and Conjunto music . Known as the `` King of the Accordion , '' Ayala has recorded over 113 albums for which he has received four Grammy Awards . Additionally , Ayala has been featured in thirteen movies . A legend of norteño music , Ayala is one of the most recognized and best-selling artists of this genre of Mexican music , breaking many sales records along the way .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a747337954610056ce61f3be6677fb5a", "text": "21 Jump Street (film) 21 Jump Street is a 2012 American action comedy film directed by Phil Lord and Christopher Miller , written by Michael Bacall starring Jonah Hill and Channing Tatum . An adaptation of the 1987-1991 television series of the same name by Stephen J. Cannell and Patrick Hasburgh , set within the same continuity as the TV series ; the film follows two police officers who are forced to relive high school when they are assigned to go undercover as high school students to prevent the outbreak of a new synthetic drug and arrest its supplier . It was released theatrically on March 16 , 2012 , by Columbia Pictures and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and grossed $ 201 million . A sequel , titled 22 Jump Street , was released on June 13 , 2014 . Two further films , MIB 23 ( a crossover with the Men in Black franchise ) and a female-led spin-off , are currently in development .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "08179929bdde5b44cf8e90a213adb06a", "text": "Beverly Hills Cop III Beverly Hills Cop III is a 1994 American action comedy film starring Eddie Murphy and directed by John Landis , who had previously worked with Murphy on Trading Places and Coming to America . It is the third film in the Beverly Hills Cop trilogy , and a sequel to Beverly Hills Cop II . Murphy again plays Detroit cop Axel Foley , who once again returns to Beverly Hills , California , to stop a gang of counterfeiters who are responsible for the death of his boss . Foley teams up with his friend , Beverly Hills detective Billy Rosewood ( Judge Reinhold ) , and his investigation leads him to an amusement park known as Wonder World . The film features a number of cameo appearances by well-known film personalities , including Robert B. Sherman , Arthur Hiller , John Singleton , Joe Dante , special effects legend Ray Harryhausen , and George Lucas as a ride patron . Beverly Hills Cop III was released on May 25 , 1994 and grossed $ 42 million in the United States , and over $ 77 million in the foreign box office . The film was considered by critics and Murphy himself as the weakest film in the series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64e818d65dbe89aa6eb9a253cff59fc2", "text": "The 21 Project The 21 Project is the third major label studio album released by American country music artist Hunter Hayes , released in physical format on November 6 , 2015 through Atlantic Nashville . Hayes co-produced the collection with Dann Huff . The album includes five songs from his similarly-titled EP , 21 , released earlier that year , as well as two new tracks . Each song is available as a studio recording , an acoustic recording , and a live performance from the Wheels Up Tour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a1d800f3a58ce0e26dc0d8caddded51", "text": "Goodfellas Goodfellas ( stylized as GoodFellas ) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese . It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book Wiseguy by Nicholas Pileggi , who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese . The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends over a period from 1955 to 1980 . Scorsese initially named the film Wise Guy and postponed making it ; later , he and Pileggi changed the name to Goodfellas . To prepare for their roles in the film , Robert De Niro , Joe Pesci , and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi , who shared research material left over from writing the book . According to Pesci , improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted . The director made transcripts of these sessions , took the lines he liked best , and put them into a revised script , which the cast worked from during principal photography . Made on a budget of $ 25 million , Goodfellas grossed $ 46.8 million . It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards , including Best Picture and Best Director , with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role . The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , including Best Film and Best Director . Additionally , Goodfellas was named the year 's best film by various critics ' groups . Goodfellas is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in the crime genre . In 2000 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , and aesthetically significant '' and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the United States Library of Congress . Its content and style have been emulated in numerous other films and television shows .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef455609f3f48e7d7628a0fbc5ad479c", "text": "Super Troopers Super Troopers is a 2001 American crime-comedy film directed by Jay Chandrasekhar , written by and starring the Broken Lizard comedy group ( Jay Chandrasekhar , Kevin Heffernan , Steve Lem me , Paul Soter and Erik Stolhanske ) . Marisa Coughlan , Daniel von Bargen and Brian Cox co-star while Lynda Carter has a cameo appearance . In total , Fox Searchlight paid $ 3.25 million for distribution rights of the film and grossed $ 23.1 million at the box office . A sequel , Super Troopers 2 , is currently filming and is expected to be released in 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71624395058c4578bf12aba33066601f", "text": "Jump (Ugly Betty) `` Jump '' is the 18th episode in the second season , the 41st episode overall , and the second season finale of the American dramedy series Ugly Betty , which aired on May 22 , 2008 , the same day as Naomi Campbell 's 38th birthday . The episode was written by Silvio Horta and directed by Victor Nelli , Jr. . .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a96053e60f479e0cb4ace103e0f8ff5", "text": "Bayside Shakedown 2 is the second film based on the popular Bayside Shakedown TV series , known for its unique and humorous depiction of the Japanese police force while avoiding the conventions that define most police dramas . The movie was released in the summer of 2003 . Bayside Shakedown 2 is the highest grossing non-animated Japanese movie on domestic screens and earned 17.35 billion yen at the box office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c2e50eab752b5633fa8c57463374d46", "text": "Forever 21 Forever 21 is an American fast fashion retailer with its headquarters in Los Angeles , California . Forever 21 began as a 900 square foot store in Highland Park , CA in 1984 , and has grown into clothing lines Forever 21 , XXI Forever , Love 21 , and Heritage throughout over 600 stores in the Americas , Asia , the Middle East , and the UK . More than 60 % of its apparel is made in China and the average store size is 38,000 square feet . Forever 21 is known for its trendy offerings and its low pricing . The company sells clothing , accessories , and beauty products for women , men , and girls . The company has been involved in various controversies , ranging from labor practice issues to copyright infraction accusations to religion . The clothing ages from toddler to grownup , for kids and adults . Forever 21 is the 5th largest specialty retailer in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90f27afba8397fe1f035ddb9ea46d394", "text": "The Hangover Part II The Hangover Part II is a 2011 American comedy film produced by Legendary Pictures and distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . It is the sequel to the 2009 film The Hangover and the second installment in The Hangover trilogy . Directed by Todd Phillips , who co-wrote the script with Craig Mazin and Scot Armstrong , the film stars Bradley Cooper , Ed Helms , Zach Galifianakis , Ken Jeong , Jeffrey Tambor , Justin Bartha , and Paul Giamatti . It tells the story of Phil , Stu , Alan , and Doug as they travel to Thailand for Stu 's wedding . After the bachelor party in Las Vegas , Stu takes no chances and opts for a safe , subdued pre-wedding brunch . Things do not go as planned , resulting in another bad hangover with no memories of the previous night . Development began in April 2009 , two months before The Hangover was released . The principal actors were cast in March 2010 to reprise their roles from the first film . Production began in October 2010 , in Ontario , California , before moving on location in Thailand . The film was released on May 26 , 2011 and became the highest-grossing R-rated comedy during its theatrical run . A third and final installment , The Hangover Part III , was released on May 23 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7857cf9768ff317f8d4c517ab2b4b13", "text": "America: A Tribute to Heroes America : A Tribute to Heroes was a benefit concert created by the heads of the four major American broadcast networks ; Fox , ABC , NBC and CBS . Joel Gallen was selected by them to produce and run the show . Actor George Clooney organized celebrities to perform and to staff the telephone bank . The marketing and public relations was headed by Warner Bros. . EVP Corp Comm with assistance from the marketing and publicity departments of all four broadcast networks . It was broadcast live by the four major American television networks and all of the cable networks in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon in 2001 . Done in the style of a telethon , it featured a number of national and international entertainers performing to raise money for the victims and their families , particularly the New York City firefighters and New York City police officers . It aired September 21 , 2001 , uninterrupted and commercial-free , for which it won a Peabody Award . It was released on December 4 , 2001 , on compact disc and DVD . On a dark stage illuminated by hundreds of candles , twenty-one artists performed songs of mourning and hope , while various actors and other celebrities delivered short spoken messages . The musical performances took place at three studios in Los Angeles ( CBS Television City ) , New York , and London , while the celebrity messages took place at Los Angeles . Some of the musicians including Neil Young and Eddie Vedder were heard working the phone banks taking pledges . The money raised amounted to over $ 200 million , and was given to the United Way 's September 11 Telethon Fund . In 2004 , Rolling Stone magazine selected this concert , along with the later The Concert for New York City , as one of the 50 moments that changed rock and roll . The show was also simulcast in Canada ; Young and another Canadian singer , Celine Dion , performed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb2dad83246a714cdbb504dad9c595a8", "text": "Simon Fields Simon Fields is a native of London and received his education at Stowe School . After graduation , he worked his way through the television commercial production ranks in London to become production manager for the Moving Picture Company . In 1978 , Fields became a producer for Jon Roseman Productions and moved to L.A. within a year to join its U.S. division . He , producer Paul Flattery and director Bruce Gowers . soon left to form Gowers , Fields , Flattery . In 1982 , Gowers Fields Flattery started representing director Steve Barron , of the UK company Limelight in the U.S. . In 1983 Fields left Gowers , Fields , Flattery with Barron to form the US version of Limelight , a company focused on music video , commercial and feature film production , with operations in Los Angeles and London . As president and CEO , Fields oversaw a television commercial division whose accounts included Calvin Klein , Nike and Budweiser , as well as producing the feature film Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles . Limelight also became distinguished as a leader in music video production , working on projects with Michael Jackson , Madonna , Prince , Peter Gabriel , A-ha , David Bowie and others . Toward the end of his twelve-year tenure with Limelight , Fields teamed with director Peter Chelsom in developing and producing feature films . Together they shepherded the Ned Beatty romantic comedy Hear My Song , the Buena Vista distributed Funny Bones starring Oliver Platt and Jerry Lewis ( which earned Fields and Chelsom a London Critics Circle Film Award for British Producer of the Year ) , The Mighty starring Elden Henson , Kieran Culkin and Sharon Stone , Miramax 's romantic comedy Serendipity starring John Cusack and Kate Beckinsale , and the romantic comedy Shall We Dance , starring Richard Gere , Susan Sarandon and Jennifer Lopez . Through Nuyorican , Fields has produced several feature films and served as Executive Producer on many television productions : The crime drama Bordertown , starring Jennifer Lopez and Antonio Banderas , the Picture House release of El Cantante , the story of salsa pioneer Hector Lavoe , starring Lopez and Marc Anthony , and the Sony Pictures release of Feel the Noise , a drama set in New York & Puerto Rico . The company has also produced Dancelife , a dance competition reality series for MTV . Nuyorican also has non-scripted/reality division , and had its first series South Beach Tow premiere on TruTV in July 2011 . Simon Fields currently resides in Los Angeles with his wife Melanie and two children .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee170d24518eddab940514b7be879177", "text": "Subway (Homicide: Life on the Street) `` Subway '' ( sometimes referred to as `` The Accident '' ) is the seventh episode of the sixth season of the American police television drama Homicide : Life on the Street , and the 84th episode overall . It first aired on NBC in the United States on December 5 , 1997 . In the episode , John Lange ( Vincent D'Onofrio ) becomes pinned between a Baltimore Metro Subway train and the station platform . The Baltimore homicide department is informed that Lange will be dead within an hour and Pembleton tries to solve the case while comforting Lange in his final minutes . `` Subway '' featured guest star Bruce MacVittie as a man suspected of pushing Lange into the path of the train . The episode was written by James Yoshimura , who co-produced with David Simon . It was directed by Gary Fleder and was the only episode of Homicide : Life on the Street helmed by the feature film director . Yoshimura based `` Subway '' on an episode of the HBO hidden-camera documentary show Taxicab Confessions , in which a New York City detective described a real-life instance of a man trapped between a subway train and platform . `` Subway '' was filmed on location in a Baltimore Metropolitan Transit Authority ( MTA ) station . Fleder included cinematic elements that were uncommon in the traditionally naturalistic show . This led to conflicts between Fleder and director of photography Alex Zakrzewski . `` Subway '' received overwhelmingly positive reviews but ranked number three in its time-slot during its original broadcast , capturing 10.3 million viewers but falling behind ABC 's 20/20 and CBS 's Nash Bridges . The episode won a Peabody Award for excellence in television broadcasting and was nominated for two Emmy Awards , one for Yoshimura 's script and one for D'Onofrio 's guest performance . `` Subway '' was the subject of a two-hour PBS television documentary , Anatomy of a `` Homicide : Life on the Street '' , which originally aired on the network on November 4 , 1998 . Screenwriter Vince Gilligan said `` Subway '' directly influenced an episode of The X-Files that he wrote , which in turn helped inspire the casting of Bryan Cranston in Breaking Bad .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6129067205e756a9990a65da0e0e1f0", "text": "21st Screen Actors Guild Awards The 21st Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards , honoring the best achievements in film and television performances for the year 2014 , were presented on January 25 , 2015 , on both TNT and TBS 8:00 p.m. EST / 5:00 p.m. PST . Nominees were announced on December 10 , 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fef24d763f685ed1634ad089e037c11a", "text": "Top Gun Top Gun is a 1986 American romantic military action drama film directed by Tony Scott , and produced by Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer , in association with Paramount Pictures . The screenplay was written by Jim Cash and Jack Epps , Jr. , and was inspired by an article titled `` Top Guns '' published in California magazine three years earlier . The film stars Tom Cruise , Kelly McGillis , Val Kilmer , Anthony Edwards , and Tom Skerritt . Cruise plays Lieutenant Pete `` Maverick '' Mitchell , a young Naval aviator aboard the aircraft carrier . He and his Radar Intercept Officer ( RIO ) Nick `` Goose '' Bradshaw ( Edwards ) are given the chance to train at the Navy 's Fighter Weapons School at Miramar in San Diego . Top Gun was released on May 16 , 1986 . Upon its release , the film received generally mixed reviews from film critics but many particularly praised the action sequences , the effects , the aerial stunts , and the acting performances with Cruise and McGillis receiving the most praise . Four weeks after release , the number of theaters showing it increased by 45 % . Despite its initial mixed critical reaction , the film was a huge commercial hit grossing $ 356 million against a production budget of only $ 15 million . With its success , the film became a cult film over the years and earned an IMAX 3D re-release in 2013 . Additionally , the film won an Academy Award for Best Original Song for `` Take My Breath Away '' performed by Berlin . In 2015 , the United States Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the National Film Registry , finding it `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "893c79442bf665bd14fe77bc32211215", "text": "Going to California (TV series) Going To California is an American dramedy television series created for Showtime and airing from 2001 to 2002 on that channel . It starred primarily Sam Trammell and Brad William Henke as Kevin `` Space '' Lauglin and Henry `` Hank '' Ungalow respectively , two friends on a road trip across the continental United States . The show focused primarily on what happened to Hank and Space during their stops and detours along the way to California . John Asher played the recurring character `` Insect Bob '' and also served as a director on the series . The tag line for this show was : `` No map . No plan . No rules . No turning back . '' The show featured guest stars in each episode , including Lindsay Sloane , Jenny McCarthy ( John Asher 's then wife ) , David Faustino , Jaime Pressly , Vince Vaughn , Stacey Dash , Rosanna Arquette and Jerry O'Connell . Going To California was cancelled in 2002 after 20 episodes despite a positive critical response , and despite a cult following it has never been issued on DVD . In 2007 creator Scott Rosenberg returned with the show October Road , which was loosely based on Going To California ; Evan Jones reprised his role as `` Ikey '' and a new actor played `` Eddie Latekka '' , both of which characters had appeared in the original show , while Brad William Henke played a new character .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dcf5511dd500aef4f98dd3b5a41c8ddb", "text": "Pay It Forward (film) Pay It Forward is a 2000 American drama-romance film based on the novel of the same name by Catherine Ryan Hyde . The film is set in Las Vegas in the present day , and it chronicles 12-year-old Trevor McKinney 's launch of a goodwill movement known as ` pay it forward ' . Directed by Mimi Leder and written by Leslie Dixon , the film stars Haley Joel Osment as Trevor , Helen Hunt as his alcoholic single mother Arlene McKinney , and Kevin Spacey as his physically and emotionally scarred social studies teacher Eugene Simonet . Pay It Forward was released on October 20 , 2000 to mixed reviews , with most critics praising the acting , writing , music and cinematography but criticizing the story and accusing it of excessive emotional manipulation , particularly in its ending . The film was a moderate box office success , earning just over $ 55.7 million on a $ 40 million budget .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "325005909c117c2697625755c6ce779f", "text": "On the Jump On the Jump is a 1918 American short comedy film featuring Harold Lloyd . A print of the film survives in the film archive of the Museum of Modern Art .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48b49d329a55204928914d51fd998a61", "text": "Past, Present, and Future (NCIS) `` Past , Present , and Future '' is the second episode of the eleventh season of the American police procedural drama NCIS , and the 236th episode overall . It originally aired on CBS in the United States on October 1 , 2013 . The episode is written by Gary Glasberg , Scott Williams and Gina Lucita Monreal and directed by James Whitmore , Jr. , and was seen by 19.98 million viewers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e50128bcbd5d2f49bc495827ef5995c", "text": "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is a 1982 American science fiction fantasy film co-produced and directed by Steven Spielberg , and written by Melissa Mathison . It features special effects by Carlo Rambaldi and Dennis Muren , and stars Henry Thomas , Dee Wallace , Robert MacNaughton , Drew Barrymore , Peter Coyote and Pat Welsh . It tells the story of Elliott ( Thomas ) , a lonely boy who befriends an extraterrestrial , dubbed `` E.T. '' , who is stranded on Earth . He and his siblings help it return home while attempting to keep it hidden from their mother and the government . The concept was based on an imaginary friend Spielberg created after his parents ' divorce in 1960 . In 1980 , Spielberg met Mathison and developed a new story from the stalled sci-fi horror film project Night Skies . It was shot from September to December 1981 in California on a budget of US$ 10.5 million . Unlike most films , it was shot in rough chronological order , to facilitate convincing emotional performances from the young cast . Released on June 11 , 1982 by Universal Pictures , E.T was an immediate blockbuster , surpassing Star Wars to become the highest-grossing film of all time -- a record it held for eleven years until Jurassic Park , another Spielberg-directed film , surpassed it in 1993 . It is the highest-grossing film of the 1980s . Widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time , critics acclaimed it as a timeless story of friendship , and it ranks as the greatest science fiction film ever made in a Rotten Tomatoes survey . In 1994 , it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . It was re-released in 1985 , and then again in 2002 to celebrate its 20th anniversary , with altered shots and additional scenes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c3e333ca343f3453cd7395eadc94a75", "text": "Mercedes-Benz E-Class (W211) The Mercedes-Benz W211 is a chassis designation for the Mercedes-Benz E-Class , produced from 2002 through 2009 . The W211 models replaced the W210 E-Class models and were superseded by the Mercedes-Benz W212 in 2009 . The car was available in two body types : Sedan and Estate ( Estate models were sold in Canada as Wagon ) . The W219 , sold as the CLS `` 4-door coupe '' , was introduced as a niche model in 2005 , and is based on the W211 's mechanical package . Launched in 2002 for the 2003 model year , the W211 E-Class was another evolution of the previous model . Before North American sales began , the car was shown in the 2002 movie Men in Black II . The W211 development program commenced in 1997 , with design work starting later on . The final designs were chosen in 1999 and German patents were later filed on December 18 , 2000 utilizing an E500 prototype . Development ended in 2001 after 48 months of development at a total cost $ 2 billion euros . Pilot production went into testing in the summer of 2001 , the W211 E-Class debut at the Brussels Motor Show in January 2002 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "841e6357d9dea643b75d47632a8c4d01", "text": "Eugenio Canfari Eugenio Canfari ( 16 April 1877 -- 23 March 1962 ) was an early Italian football player from Genoa who played as a defender . He was one of the thirteen men who founded Juventus in 1897 and the club 's first ever president . His brother Enrico Canfari was also a founding member of Juventus , and was the first ever president , though he never played in the Italian Football Championship with Enrico and Juventus .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "3833bce00eccf74f6ea392bd91d36b02", "text": "1877 in Chile The following lists events that happened during 1877 in Chile .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad96f197a39b76da70d54e9dcee5ac7e", "text": "Years of Mud The expression Years of Mud ( Anni di fango ) is used to identify a period of Italian history that coincides roughly with the 1980s . This expression is now entered the common language to describe a long period of time marked by particularly adverse events . It underpins a strong negative opinion of a decade in which the Italian companies , despite their economic prosperity and the beginning of the technological development that took place in those years , begins a steady decline due to a particularly corrupt political class , and sometimes colluding with criminal organizations such as Cosa Nostra ( the Sicilian Mafia ) . At that time he was also discovered the Propaganda Due , a masonic organization reserved . The expression owes its success primarily to the Italian journalist Indro Montanelli , which he called L'Italia degli anni di fango ( Italy of the Years of Mud ) the volume of Storia d'Italia dedicated to the years 1978-1993 , a period that begins roughly with the election of Sandro Pertini as President of the Italian Republic and ends with the discovery and the start of Tangentopoli . The book is the sequel to L'Italia degli anni di piombo ( Italy of the Years of Lead ) , dedicated to the 1970s . Both volumes were written in collaboration with journalist Mario Cervi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed0f86c3e0e1a771d52a48dcf5b0827d", "text": "Eugen Weber Eugen Joseph Weber ( April 24 , 1925 in Bucharest , Romania -- May 17 , 2007 in Brentwood , Los Angeles , California ) was a Romanian-born American historian with a special focus on Western Civilization . Weber became a historian because of his interest in politics , an interest dating back to at least the age of 12 . He described his political awakening as a realization of social injustices : `` It was my vague dissatisfaction with social hierarchy , the subjection of servants and peasants , the diffuse violence of everyday life in relatively peaceful country amongst apparently gentle folk '' . Weber 's books and articles have been translated into several languages . He earned many accolades for his scholarship , including membership in the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and fellowships from the National Endowment for the Humanities , the Guggenheim Foundation , the American Council of Learned Societies and the Fulbright Program . His 1,300-page Modern History of Europe : Men , Cultures , and Societies from the Renaissance to the Present ( 1971 ) was described `` a phenomenal job of synthesis and interpretation that reflects Eugen 's wide and deep learning , '' by his UCLA history colleague Hans Rogger . In addition to his distinguished American Awards and honors , he was awarded the Ordre des Palmes Académiques in 1977 for his contribution to French culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15a35bfe861adbcd65c6efcc7702d72d", "text": "Giraldi Giraldi is a surname , and may refer to : Bob Giraldi ( born 1939 ) , an American film and television director Dez Giraldi , an Australian soccer player Giglio Gregorio Giraldi , an Italian scholar and poet Giovanni Battista Giraldi , an Italian novelist and poet Philip Giraldi , a former CIA agent Riccardo Giraldi ( born 1984 ) , Italian inventor , designer and creative director Ubaldo Giraldi ( 1692 -- 1775 ) , an Italian canonist Guglielmo Pecori Giraldi ( 1856-1941 ) , an Italian Field Marshal The Giraldi Family name traces back to 760a . d. with its first mention in the noble families of Italian Toscana . Owners of expanse regions , castles and land the name belonged to a powerful noble family . During the Middle Ages , as populations grew and travel between regions ensued we find the name extending to northern Italy as early as the 8th century . The Giraldi name was prevalent in land now occupied by the Swiss canton of Ticino which was annexed to Switzerland from northern Italian cities in the 15th Century by various Swiss forces in the last Transalpine Campaigns of the Old Swiss Confederacy . Since then the last name Giraldi has been identified in lands now pertaining to Ticino dating back to the 8th century and is prevalent in modern times although it no longer proliferates in the Italian region of Toscana .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56ec828b18d073cd592349b3a77e347b", "text": "Edgardo Donato Edgardo Donato ( -LSB- eðˈɣarðo ðoˈnato -RSB- ; April 14 , 1897 - February 15 , 1963 ) was a tango composer and orchestra leader , born in Buenos Aires , Argentina , raised from a young age and musically trained in Montevideo , Uruguay .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a81973543c1e3f28d724a8e81df47d0", "text": "Casiano Communications Casiano Communications Inc. began in 1973 ... publishing a modest business and financial newsletter on Puerto Rico . Recognizing the unfilled niche that area business publications would fill in the future , that newsletter became CARIBBEAN BUSINESS newspaper : one of the first , and for more than 40 years , one of the most successful , business and financial newspapers not only in the Caribbean , but in the entire United States . For forty-three years , it had been the recognized Business Authority in Puerto Rico and the region . It was published weekly in English , and its in-depth news and analysis was read by the White House , the U.S. Congress , Wall Street , by Puerto Rico bond investors , the parent companies and suppliers of companies in Puerto Rico and many others . Daily business news was provided on its website , CB.pr , where it attracted more than 153,000 unique visitors a month . These visitors `` hit '' our site more than 27 million times a month and the average visit is an astounding 25 + minutes per visit . In the late 1980s , CARIBBEAN BUSINESS launched its equally successful annual `` CB Book of Lists '' that ranks the leading companies in Puerto Rico , industry-by-industry and provides complete information on 129 local industries and more than 1,500 companies . It also presents a list of the `` 400 Largest Locally-Owned Companies '' and a comprehensive guide to doing business in P.R. , with all the Island 's business laws , government incentives , complete data on all Federal and Commonwealth Government agencies as well as information on each municipality and a History of Puerto Rico . Once again looking into the future , CCI identified another unfilled niche in our market : locally-produced quality magazines , where the Island 's people could see and read about themselves and their celebrities . While various magazines had been launched in Puerto Rico , none were truly successful because they could n't compete with the quality of the magazines in Spanish that were being imported from South America , even though those imported magazines did not include local coverage . But Casiano identified the area where these imported magazines were vulnerable : they did not reflect Puerto Rico 's people , happenings , problems or needs . So Casiano Communications Inc. ( CCI ) began launching a new series of magazines that today number 10 in all ... covering women 's and family lifestyles , health , a wedding guide , a mothers guide , a decoration guide , a `` Boomers '' magazine for those 50 + , a Quinceañera teen girl magazine and the ¡ Qué Pasa ! tourism guide ... in addition to our flagship CARIBBEAN BUSINESS and its `` Book of Lists . '' Eleven publications in all ... each number one in sales and circulation in its category in Puerto Rico . The imported magazines ? They recently ceased publication of their local magazines , after years of trying to compete with CCI 's products . An estimated 70 % of Puerto Rico 's adults read one or more Casiano Communications publications each month . In 2000 , the company unveiled a new search engine and web portal dedicated exclusively for Puerto Rico . The website , called `` Puerto Rico WOW ! '' , also has a business directory and links to view digital versions of articles published in its printed magazines . The website currently receives an average of 19 million hits a month and 191,000 pages viewed daily , as per WebTrends . In 2008 , Puerto Rico WOW ! was converted into www.caribbeanbusinessPR.com , which went on to surpass WOW ! in terms of traffic and ad revenue . Another website , www.TVaquiPR.com , was also launched in 2008 as a complement to its namesake weekly celebrity gossip magazine , TVaquí , no longer published .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cdf6d1275954f2751f70357ff68bf2d1", "text": "Kreisleriana Kreisleriana , Op. 16 , is a composition in eight movements by Robert Schumann for solo piano , subtitled . It was written in only four days in April 1838 and a revised version appeared in 1850 . The work was dedicated to Frédéric Chopin , but when a copy was sent to the Polish composer , `` he commented favorably only on the design of the title page '' . Kreisleriana is a very dramatic work and is considered to be one of Schumann 's finest compositions . In 1839 , soon after publishing it , Schumann called it in a letter `` my favourite work , '' remarking that `` The title conveys nothing to any but Germans . Kreisler is one of E. T. A. Hoffmann 's creations , an eccentric , wild , and witty conductor . '' In 1843 , when he had moved from writing for solo piano to much larger works , in particular Paradise and the Peri , he still listed it as one of his best piano works The work 's title was inspired by the character of Johannes Kreisler from works of E. T. A. Hoffmann . Like the kaleidoscopic Kreisler , each number has multiple contrasting sections , resembling the imaginary musician 's manic-depression , and recalling Schumann 's own `` Florestan '' and `` Eusebius , '' the two characters Schumann used to indicate his own contrasting impulsive and dreamy sides . Johannes Kreisler appears in several books by Hoffmann , including Kater Murr and most notably in the Kreisleriana section of , published in 1814 . In a letter to Clara , Schumann reveals that she has figured largely in the composition of Kreisleriana : `` I 'm overflowing with music and beautiful melodies now - imagine , since my last letter I 've finished another whole notebook of new pieces . I intend to call it Kreisleriana . You and one of your ideas play the main role in it , and I want to dedicate it to you - yes , to you and nobody else - and then you will smile so sweetly when you discover yourself in it . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e8504f52638db2ea92a0a2849504a53", "text": "Eugenio Tano Eugenio Tano ( July 4 , 1840 -- 1914 ) was an Italian painter . He was born in Marzi , near Cosenza in Calabria ; his father was a painter of religious subjects . Eugenio received his first training in Rogliano , his mother 's native town . He later attended the Academy of Fine Arts in Naples and , after the unification of Italy , he studied in Florence with Stefano Ussi . In 1860 Eugenio participated in Garibaldi 's enterprise in Sicily and the Kingdom of Naples . He lived for many years in Florence . At the 1877 Mostra Nazionale of Naples , he exhibits : Portrait of a Garibaldi ; at the 1880 Turin exhibition : Priest in Countryside , and in the 1881 Milan Exhibition , L'Arno , a landscape . At the 1884 Promotrice of Florence , he exhibits : Dall ' Ardenza ad Antignano . In 1885 , in Milan and the next year in Venice , he displayed an Un bagno nascosto . At the Exposition of Livorno in 1886 , Tano sent a Portrait of a Garibaldi . He also painted genre and portraits , including Queen Margherita .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3a5b6425622c74021e6db06183c692d", "text": "Taliaferro Taliaferro ( -LSB- ˈtɒlɪvər -RSB- ) , also spelled Tagliaferro , Talifero , Tellifero or Taliferro and sometimes anglicised to Tolliver or Toliver , is a prominent family in eastern Virginia and Maryland . The Taliaferros ( originally Tagliaferro , -LSB- ˌtaʎʎaˈfɛrro -RSB- , which means `` ironcutter '' in Italian ) are one of the early families who settled in Virginia in the 17th century . They migrated from London , where an ancestor had served as a musician in the court of Queen Elizabeth I . The surname in that line is believed to trace back to Bartholomew Taliaferro , a native of Venice who settled in London and was made a denizen in 1562 . The origins of the Taliaferro name were of interest to George Wythe , a Virginia colonial lawyer and classical scholar , who had married a Taliaferro . Wythe urged his former student and friend Thomas Jefferson to investigate the name when Jefferson traveled to Italy . Jefferson later reported to Wythe that he had found two families of the name in Tuscany , and that the family was of Italian origin . Jefferson enclosed his sketch of the coat of arms of the Tagliaferro family as reported to him by a friend in Florence , Italy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33f18eaa3e85ac2dcafee8019884f160", "text": "Giovanni Guicciardi Giovanni Guicciardi ( 12 January 1819 -- 4 October 1883 ) was an Italian opera singer who sang leading baritone roles in the opera houses of Italy and Portugal . He is most remembered today for having created the role of Count di Luna in Verdi 's Il trovatore , although he created several other leading roles in operas by lesser known Italian composers . He accumulated a considerable fortune during the course of his career . After his retirement from the stage , he taught without payment in music schools in his native city , Reggio Emilia , and presided over a charity for orphaned musicians . He died in San Polo d'Enza at the age of 64 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04c470784b17009f312b73c138e5d0fa", "text": "Enrico Rocca Enrico Rocca ( b. Turin , 21 April 1847 -- Genova , 9 June 1915 ) was an Italian violin maker of the 19th and the 20th Centuries and son of Giuseppe Rocca . Although he worked differently from his father Giuseppe Rocca , Enrico 's work takes more inspiration from Eugenio Praga . Enrico Rocca was son of Giuseppe , who is considered probably the most important maker of the 19th century ; Enrico had a very hard life and he was n't trained all the way by his father . The loss of his father at the age of 19 forced him to run away from his family . He ended up working as a boatman , a sailor , a ship carpenter ( for many years ) and a woodworker . He opened his workshop in 1878 . After twenty years passed on the docks of the port of Genova , he began violin making building mainly six strings lombard mandolins and guitars ; he started making violins only after 1890 . By the turn of the century and after Praga 's death ( 1901 ) , Enrico Rocca became the pre-eminent violin maker in Genoa . His work is always dominated by a great spontaneity and reveals a strong personality . He was consistent in his production as well as style till his death . His preferred models were Guarneri , Stradivari and Amati . Enrico Rocca 's instruments are much appreciated today .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d6f60a3d9deabba265db77281d58c93", "text": "Enrico De Nicola Enrico De Nicola , ( -LSB- enˈriːko de niˈkɔːla -RSB- ; 9 November 1877 -- 1 October 1959 ) was an Italian jurist , journalist , politician , and provisional Head of State of republican Italy from 1946 to 1948 . Afterwards , he became the first President of the Italian Republic on 1 January 1948 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "80a84a0028dd15bfc15591e35928b78e", "text": "Giuseppe Ferrari (philosopher) Giuseppe Ferrari ( 7 March 1812 -- 2 July 1876 ) was an Italian philosopher , historian and politician . He was born at Milan , studied Law at Pavia and graduated in 1831 . A follower of Romagnosi and Giovan Battista Vico , his first works were an article in the Biblioteca Italiana ( `` Italian Library '' ) entitled `` Mente di Gian Domenico Romagnosi '' ( 1835 ) , and a complete edition of the works of Vico , prefaced by an appreciation ( 1865 ) . Finding Italy uncongenial to his ideas , he went to France and , in 1839 , produced in Paris his Vico ci l'Italie , followed by La Nouvelle Religion de Campanella and La Théorie de l'erreur . On account of these works he was made Docteur-ès‑lettres of the Sorbonne and professor of philosophy at Rochefort ( 1840 ) . His views , however , provoked antagonism , and in 1842 he was appointed to the chair of philosophy at Strasbourg . After fresh trouble with the clergy , he returned to Paris and published a defence of his theories in a work entitled Idées sur la politique de Platon et d'Aristote . After a short connection with the college at Bourges , he devoted himself from 1849 to 1858 exclusively to writing . The works of this period are Les Philosophes Salariés , Machiavel juge des revolutions de notre temps ( 1849 ) , La Federazione repubblicana ( 1851 ) , La Filosofia della rivoluzione ( 1851 ) , L' Italia dopo il colpo di Stato ( 1852 ) , Histoire des révolutions , ou Guelfes et Gibelins ( 1858 ) . In 1859 he returned to Italy , where he opposed Cavour , and upheld federalism against the policy of a single Italian monarchy . In spite of this opposition , he held chairs of philosophy at Turin , Milan and Rome in succession , and during several administrations represented the college of Gavirate in the chamber . He was a member of the council of education and was made senator on 15 May 1876 ; but he died just six weeks later . Amongst other works may be mentioned Histoire de la Raison d'État , Corso di storia degli scrittori politici italiani , and La China e l'Europa . In the last mentioned work , Ferrari anticipated the emergence of superpowers , arguing that their emergence would destroy European dominance in favor of Russia , America , and , eventually , China . A skeptic in philosophy and a revolutionist in politics , rejoicing in controversy of all kinds , he was admired as a man , as an orator , and as a writer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "826cfd2e7e504390ba74ea076dced3c9", "text": "1877 in art Events from the year 1877 in art .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09410bab233a50b8b52c0eccd733d5ca", "text": "Canzonissima Canzonissima was an Italian musical variety show broadcast by Rai 1 from 1958 to 1974 , with an interruption between 1963 and 1967 , aired on Saturday evening except for the last two editions in which it was aired on Sunday afternoon . The program was referred to as `` the synthesis and the model of comparison of the Italian television variety '' . The show consisted of a musical contest ( with singers combined with some state lottery numbers ) from the elaborate rules which were generally different from one edition to another ; the competition was interspersed with dances and comedy sketches involving special guests . Editions include the 1959 's , which contributed to launch the Nino Manfredi 's career , and the 1970s , which launched the career of Raffaella Carrà . The 1962 edition , hosted by Dario Fo and Franca Rame , generated large political controversities due to use of censorship to cut some satirical sketches of Fo ; the couple Fo-Rame was eventually fired , and the scandal lead to a long interruption of five years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6acbbca8556620f9d1a01628c240c497", "text": "Josefina Passadori Josefina Passadori ( April 5 , 1900 -- December 13 , 1987 ) was an Argentinian writer who published several textbooks as well as poetry under the nom de plume Fröken Thelma . Passadori was also a politician and educator . Passadori was born in Mezzanino , Pavia , Italy . In 1922 she graduated from Escuela Normal de Profesoras `` Mary O'Graham '' of La Plata , college at which she taught during almost forty years , mostly Spanish , Italian , History , Geography and Literature . Also worked for other schools , such as the Escuela Normal de la Inmaculada in La Plata , the Escuela Nº 18 del Consejo Escolar Nº14 in Buenos Aires , the School of Journalism of the Universidad Nacional de La Plata , and the Universidad Popular Sarmiento , for which she was the President for several years . At twenty , she founded the first Latin American school cooperative , of which she was also the first president . She was also the head of many other cultural institutions ; for instance , the Arts Society ; and was the Education Undersecretary in the province of Buenos Aires and , later on , the Minority Secretary for the same state . Passadori published hundreds of articles in El Argentino , El Día , and Revista del Suboficial ; gave conferences ; and sponsored the `` Ediciones del Bosque '' , an organization which promoted and published all of the intellectuals in Buenos Aires , including Raúl Amaral , María Dhialma Tiberti , María de Villarino , and others . She published over 30 textbooks , some in collaboration with other authors , such as the Manual del Alumno used by many generations in Argentina . Passadori died in San Isidro , Argentina , on December 13 , 1987 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3535f9fae8e8475eb281c7543c72ffd", "text": "Import substitution industrialization Import substitution industrialization ( ISI ) is a trade and economic policy which advocates replacing foreign imports with domestic production . ISI is based on the premise that a country should attempt to reduce its foreign dependency through the local production of industrialized products . The term primarily refers to 20th-century development economics policies , although it has been advocated since the 18th century by economists such as Friedrich List and Alexander Hamilton . ISI policies were enacted by countries in the Global South with the intention of producing development and self-sufficiency through the creation of an internal market . ISI works by having the state lead economic development through nationalization , subsidization of vital industries ( including agriculture , power generation , etc. ) , increased taxation , and highly protectionist trade policies . Import substitution industrialization was gradually abandoned by developing countries in the 1980s and 1990s due to the insistence of the IMF and World Bank on their structural adjustment programs of global market-driven liberalization aimed at the Global South . In the context of Latin American development , the term `` Latin American structuralism '' refers to the era of import substitution industrialization in many Latin American countries from the 1950s until the 1980s . The theories behind Latin American structuralism and ISI were organized in the works of Raúl Prebisch , Hans Singer , Celso Furtado , and other structural economic thinkers , and gained prominence with the creation of the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean ( UNECLAC or CEPAL ) . While the theorists behind ISI or Latin American structuralism were not homogeneous and did not belong to one particular school of economic thought , ISI and Latin American structuralism and the theorists who developed its economic framework shared a basic common belief in a state-directed , centrally planned form of economic development . In promoting state-induced industrialization through governmental spending through the infant industry argument , ISI and Latin American structuralist approaches to development are largely influenced by a wide range of Keynesian , communitarian , and socialist economic thought . ISI is often associated and linked with dependency theory , although the latter has traditionally adopted a much broader Marxist sociological framework in addressing what are perceived to be the origins of underdevelopment through the historical effects of colonialism , Eurocentrism , and neoliberalism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac3a9b0789b6e875fa85cac07e365e56", "text": "Italian general election, 1976 General elections were held in Italy on June 20 , 1976 . They were the first after the voting age was lowered to 18 . If Christian Democracy remained stable with around 38 % of votes , Enrico Berlinguer 's Italian Communist Party made a great jump winning 7 points more than four years before : this result , which was quite homogeneous in the entire society because confirmed by the electors of the age-restricted Senate , began to show the possibility of a future change of the Italian government leadership . All minor parties lost a lot of votes to the DC in the attempt to fight the Communist progress : between them , historic Italian Liberal Party was nearly annihilated . Two new leftist forces made their debut in this election : the ultra-liberal Radical Party , which had led a successful referendum on divorce , and the far-left Marxist and Maoist Proletarian Democracy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1da5dee1ee7c1ae1fa57064e69723a3e", "text": "Orestes Ferrara Orestes Ferrara y Marino ( 18 July 1876 , Naples , Italy - 16 February 1972 , Rome ) , known in Italy as Oreste Ferrara , was an Italian Cuban , who fought for Cuba 's independence . He was even an attorney , a journalist , a writer and an entrepreneur who founded one of the best newspapers of La Habana .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8caadd0bd23e7996e592629cdb438634", "text": "Southern General Cemetery The Southern General Cemetery is the largest cemetery in Caracas . It was founded in 1876 , by order of President Antonio Guzmán Blanco . It is located at the end of El Cementerio and El Degredo streets , in the parish of Santa Rosalia , west of Libertador Municipality . The administration of the cemetery is the responsibility of the Municipal Cemeteries management department , which is attached to Fundacaracas , a foundation of the Libertador Municipality 's government . It has the support of Fundapatrimonio , the municipal police in Caracas and the Institute of Cultural Heritage . Among the well-known Venezuelan persons buried there are : Armando Reverón , Raimundo Andueza Palacio , Juan Pablo Rojas Paúl , Miguel Otero Silva , Carlos Delgado Chalbaud , Andrés Mata , Martín Tovar y Tovar , Juan Antonio Pérez Bonalde , Rómulo Gallegos , Argimiro Gabaldón , Fabricio Ojeda , Aquiles Nazoa , Andrés Eloy Blanco , Jorge Rodríguez , Anacleto Clemente Bolívar , Látigo Chávez , General Ramón Centeno and Victorino Ponce . Some have special memorials such as the Caldera Family , the Firefighters ' Pantheon , the President 's Pantheon , and Isaías Medina Angarita and Joaquín Crespo 's mausoleum , this last one built in 1898 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c25443b7418050922585fcf0c7044d6d", "text": "Lady Gaga Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta ( -LSB- ˈstɛfəniː_dʒɜrməˈnɒtə -RSB- ; born March 28 , 1986 ) , known professionally as Lady Gaga , is an American singer , songwriter , and actress . At the beginning of her career , Gaga became known for her unconventionality and provocative work . A popular contemporary recording artist , she is noted for constantly experimenting with new musical ideas and images . Gaga initially played roles in high school plays , and studied at CAP21 through NYU 's Tisch School of the Arts before dropping out to pursue a musical career . After leaving a rock band , participating in a performance art circuit , and being dropped from a contract with Def Jam Recordings , Gaga worked as a songwriter for Sony/ATV Music Publishing . From there , Akon noticed her vocal abilities and helped her sign a joint deal with Interscope Records and his own KonLive Distribution in 2007 . Gaga rose to prominence with the release of her successful debut album The Fame ( 2008 ) and its international chart-topping singles `` Just Dance '' and `` Poker Face '' . A follow-up EP , The Fame Monster ( 2009 ) , was met with a similar reception and the singles `` Bad Romance '' , `` Telephone '' , and `` Alejandro '' were also successful . Gaga 's second full-length album Born This Way ( 2011 ) topped the charts in more than 20 countries , including the US , where it sold over one million copies in its first week . The album produced the number-one single `` Born This Way '' . Gaga 's third album Artpop , released in 2013 , topped the US charts and included the successful single `` Applause '' . In 2014 , Gaga released a collaborative jazz album with Tony Bennett titled Cheek to Cheek , her third consecutive number one in the US . For her work in the television series American Horror Story : Hotel , Gaga won a Golden Globe Award in 2016 . With her fifth studio album Joanne ( 2016 ) , she became the first woman to have four US number one albums in the 2010s . In February 2017 , Gaga headlined the Super Bowl LI halftime show , which had over 150 million audience across various platforms worldwide , making it the most viewed musical event in history . With global album and single sales of 27 million and 146 million respectively , as of January 2016 , she is one of the best-selling musicians of all time . Her achievements include twelve Guinness World Records , three Brit Awards , and six Grammy Awards . She has also received awards from the Songwriters Hall of Fame and the Council of Fashion Designers of America . Gaga regularly appears on Billboards Artists of the Year lists and Forbess power and earnings rankings . She was ranked at number four on VH1 's Greatest Women in Music , finished second on Times 2011 readers ' poll of the most influential people of the past ten years , and was named Billboards Woman of the Year ( 2015 ) . She is known for her philanthropic work and social activism , including LGBT rights and her own non-profit organization , the Born This Way Foundation , which focuses on promoting youth empowerment and combating bullying .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "846d2c6dcc1583938973d2420b9cf0f3", "text": "Hillary Scott (singer) Hillary Dawn Scott-Tyrrell ( born April 1 , 1986 ) , known professionally as Hillary Scott , is an American singer and songwriter . She is the co-lead singer of Lady Antebellum , a country music group that was formed in 2006 , and is signed to Capitol Nashville . With her family , she released the top 10 album , Love Remains , in 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76ffe8877ae822be52d7e019700820fc", "text": "Whitney Houston videography The videography of American pop/R & B recording artist Whitney Houston consists of fifty-five music videos , four music video compilations , a concert tour video and three music video singles . In 1983 , Houston signed a recording contract with Arista Records and two years after released her eponymous debut album . Houston 's first music video was for the single `` You Give Good Love '' , which was selected to establish her in the black marketplace first . In the video of worldwide hit `` Saving All My Love for You '' , she played a beaming All-American girl shadowed by her secret lover 's wife . The following video `` How Will I Know '' , directed by Brian Grant , that helped introduce the singer to a wider audience when it became one of the first videos by a black female singer to earn heavy rotation on MTV , blasting open the doors for a whole generation of R&B and pop divas to follow . The clip won MTV Video Music Award for Best Female Video at its 3rd ceremony of 1986 . `` Greatest Love of All '' , the final single released from Houston 's debut album , which helped cement the M.O. for the classic Whitney video . In June 1986 , Houston released her first video compilation The No. 1 Video Hits , containing her four music videos off the Whitney Houston album . The video compilation reached number-one on the Billboard Top Music Videocassettes chart and stayed at the top spot for 22 weeks , which remains the all-time record for a video collection by a female artist , and was certified Platinum for shipments of 100,000 units by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) on July 15 , 1986 . In 1987 , `` I Wan na Dance with Somebody ( Who Loves Me ) '' , the first single from her second album Whitney , was one of Houston 's most recognized music videos in company with the song 's smash hit worldwide . Houston 's fashion and hairstyle in the clip -- towering curly wig , colorful dangly earrings and a series of going-to-the-club outfits -- became one of her iconic looks . In November 1990 , Houston released her third studio album I 'm Your Baby Tonight . The video for the title track from the album , was what passed for a high-concept clip from Houston , in which she paid tribute to three different legends in film and music industries : Marlene Dietrich , The Supremes and Audrey Hepburn . On January 27 , 1991 , Houston , wearing a white tracksuit with a red and blue print and matching athletic headband , performed `` The Star Spangled Banner '' at Super Bowl XXV , held at the Tampa Stadium in Tampa , Florida . Due to overwhelming response to her rendition , the performance was released as a video single , which was certified 2 × Platinum by the RIAA in April 1991 . Such Houston 's patriotism-boosting-performance for the national anthem led her to give Welcome Home Heroes with Whitney Houston concert , which was for the troops , their families , and military and government dignitaries in honor of those returning from the Gulf War . The concert was released as a VHS ( later also LD and DVD ) in the same year and it was certified Gold for shipments of 50,000 units by the RIAA . Though Houston is acknowledged as one of the best live performers , up to date , the live footage is her only full-concert video that has been issued officially in the United States . `` I Will Always Love You '' , one of Houston 's iconic videos , was the clip for the lead single off the soundtrack for Houston 's 1992 film debut The Bodyguard . In the video , directed by Nick Brandt , the camera focused on an elegantly suited up , forlorn-looking Houston sitting in an empty theater and staring into the distance as she watched clips from the movie scroll by . Houston blasted into the song 's towering finale via a quick zoom to her face , eyes closed , and then popping open as she hit the high notes . The idea and the camerawork helped Houston to deliver perfectly the titanically tear-jerking drama of the song . Her other notable video from The Bodyguard Soundtrack , `` Queen of the Night '' , featured Houston performing the song in a club dressed in a metallic costume , which were inspired by scenes from Fritz Lang 's 1927 silent film Metropolis . After Houston contributed to her songs on the soundtracks for two films , in which she also starred , Waiting to Exhale ( 1995 ) and The Preacher 's Wife ( 1996 ) , she teamed up with Mariah Carey in the video for `` When You Believe '' from The Prince of Egypt Soundtrack . In November 1998 , Houston came back to pop music full-time with My Love Is Your Love , which returned her to heavy rotation . The singles from the album , `` Heartbreak Hotel '' , `` It 's Not Right But It 's Okay '' , and `` My Love Is Your Love '' , were all US top 5 hits , and Houston was also once again embraced by MTV thanks to her willingness to let her style and approach evolve in her music and the videos . During that time , most of her music videos were directed by Kevin Bray . Houston began the 2000s with her first greatest hits compilation , Whitney : The Greatest Hits , which spawned three then new videos including two for the duet songs that she collaborated with Enrique Iglesias on `` Could I Have This Kiss Forever '' and George Michael on `` If I Told You That '' . The accompanying video/DVD of the same title was also released at the same time , which contained Houston 's promotional videos from 1985 to 1999 and several hard-to-find live performances including her 1983 TV debut on The Merv Griffin Show . In December 2002 , Houston released her fifth studio album , Just Whitney . Two music videos from the album , `` Whatchulookinat '' and `` Try It on My Own '' , were considered her answers to the media for getting too deep into her personal life and to malicious rumours surrounding then her public image . In the former video , she confronted the issues with a white set with an overhead camera and mirrors on its walls , following and reflecting Houston 's every move . In the latter , did with the storyline strongly reminiscent of her high-profile firing by Burt Bacharach from the 2000 Academy Awards ceremony for not singing `` Over the Rainbow '' during rehearsals for the show . In August 2009 , Houston returned to the music scene with her fourth Billboard 200 number-one album , I Look to You , which yielded `` Million Dollar Bill '' and `` I Look to You '' videos . Most of Houston 's notable videos involve just a bit of perfunctory storyline and focus on her performance , however , several sources recognized her as one of pioneers who laid the groundwork and broke down barriers with the videos during her generation . In 2003 , VH1 ranked Houston at number three on the list of '50 Greatest Women of the Video Era ' . In February 2012 , TIME , on a photo article in honor of Black History Month , listed her as one of '50 Cultural Giants ' . Gil Kaufman from MTV News said that '' -LSB- Houston -RSB- proved you could make a fuss without making a spectacle , '' and added his view on Houston 's legacy as follows : The legendary R&B singer -LSB- Houston -RSB- became one of the most important artists of the early music-video era by taking the road less traveled . -LSB- ... -RSB- While such fellow trailblazers as Michael Jackson and Madonna created video fantasy worlds full of monsters , gangsters , street-fighting men and naughty brides , Houston mostly skipped the drama and stood front and center in her most iconic clips doing the thing that she did best : singing her heart out .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eafafc3ab9099abf7d576768dc318b6e", "text": "American Music Awards of 1987 The 14th Annual American Music Awards were held on January 26 , 1987 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "620b53f2210f85136094f551baa45a49", "text": "Frank Sinatra Jr. Francis Wayne `` Frank '' Sinatra ( January 10 , 1944 -- March 16 , 2016 ) , professionally known as Frank Sinatra Jr. , was an American singer , songwriter , and conductor . He was the son of singer and actor Frank Sinatra and his first wife , Nancy Barbato Sinatra ; the younger brother of singer and actress Nancy Sinatra ; and older brother of television producer Tina Sinatra .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2dd9d3b2e7d7cabc2b8e8c0d6d8d2012", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Missy Elliott Missy Elliott is an American rapper , singer-songwriter , author , record producer and actress . Missy 's debut album Supa Dupa Fly was released on July 15 , 1997 in the United States under her own label The Goldmind Inc. signed under Elektra Records . Her second album Da Real World was then released on June 22 , 1999 , followed by her third album Miss E. . . So Addictive , released on May 15 , 2001 . Under Construction was the fourth album released by Elliott , which was released on November 12 , 2002 , followed by her fifth album This Is Not a Test ! that saw a release in November 25 , 2003 , and The Cookbook , Elliott 's latest album to date , which was released on July 4 , 2005 . Throughout Missy Elliott 's career , she has received several awards and nominations . Elliott would also be noted to become the first female rapper in history to take home the award for `` Best International Video '' from VIVA Comet Media Awards for her solo debut single , `` The Rain ( Supa Dupa Fly ) '' . Elliott 's debut Supa Dupa Fly ( 1997 ) would go on to score two Grammy nominations for Best Rap Solo Performance & Best Rap Album , alongside three MTV Music Video Awards nominations for `` Best Direction in a Video , '' `` Best Breakthrough Video '' & `` Best Rap Video '' . Missy Elliott 's second album Da Real World ( 1999 ) attained a Grammy nomination for Best Rap Album . She also received an award for `` Best R&B / Soul or Rap Music Video '' by the Soul Train Awards . The album went on to go platinum making it Elliott 's second platinum album . The follow-up , Miss E. . . So Addictive ( 2001 ) , was a commercial success ; selling over 9.2 million copies worldwide making it her third consecutive platinum album . This album would attain twelve MTV Video Music Awards nominations throughout 2001 and 2002 . Additionally , the effort gained Elliott several nominations from various award shows some including , the Grammy Awards , MTV Video Music Awards , and the BET Awards . On March 27 , 2001 , Lil ' Kim , Christina Aguilera , Pink , and Mýa recorded a cover version of the LaBelle song , `` Lady Marmalade '' as a medley for the feature film Moulin Rouge that Missy Elliott wrote and produced , which topped # 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for five weeks . `` Lady Marmalade '' scored Elliott 's first Grammy Award in 2002 for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals . Missy Elliott 's fourth album Under Construction ( 2002 ) was certified double platinum , making it her fourth platinum album . The effort gained Elliott eight MTV Video Music Awards in 2003 , taking two awards for `` Video of the Year & `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . The album also gained Elliott five Grammy nominations in 2004 for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group , Best Rap Album , Album of The Year , Best Rap Song & Best Female Rap Solo Performance taking an award for Best Female Rap Solo Performance . Elliott 's follow-up This Is Not a Test ! ( 2003 ) would also attain a platinum certification , as well as two MTV Video Music Awards and one MTV Music Video Japan Awards nominations . The Cookbook ( 2005 ) is Missy Elliott 's latest album to date . The effort attained three Grammy nominations in 2006 for Best Short Form Music Video , Best Rap Song & Best Rap Album . Elliott received the award for Best Short Form Music Video for her single `` Lose Control '' . The Cookbook also gained Elliott seven MTV Video Music Awards nominations , taking two awards for `` Best Dance Video '' and `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . In 2014 , Missy Elliott became nominated for a Grammy for Best R&B Song for the featured single , `` Without Me '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f858ff1c45d483ca9f12b36cf731ee1", "text": "Poker Face (Lady Gaga song) `` Poker Face '' is a song by American singer Lady Gaga from her debut studio album , The Fame ( 2008 ) . It was released on September 26 , 2008 as the album 's second single . `` Poker Face '' is a synthpop song in the key of G minor , following in the footsteps of her previous single `` Just Dance '' , but with a darker musical tone . The main idea behind the song is bisexuality and was a tribute by Gaga to her rock and roll boyfriends . The song 's lyrics feature various sexual innuendos . `` Poker Face '' was acclaimed by most critics , who praised the robotic hook and the chorus . The song attained worldwide success , topping the charts in twenty countries including the United States , United Kingdom , Australia , New Zealand , Canada and many European countries . `` Poker Face '' is the best-selling single of 2009 worldwide , with over 9.5 million in sales . It is among the best-selling singles of all time , having sold over 14 million copies . The accompanying music video for the song portrays Gaga singing it in various costumes and playing strip poker in a getaway villa . Gaga performed the song for the eighth season of the television show American Idol as well as the Fame Ball and Monster Ball tours . The live performances included an electronic version and an acoustic version , which she played on the piano . It was nominated for both Song of the Year and Record of the Year at the 52nd Grammy Awards , and won the Award for Best Dance Recording .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07dc150129180ef649750b0cbc8015d1", "text": "The Cure (song) `` The Cure '' is a song recorded by American singer and songwriter Lady Gaga . She co-wrote the song with Paul Blair , Nick Monson , Lukas Nelson , and Mark Nilan ; Detroit City , Gaga , and Monson produced the song . Following `` Perfect Illusion '' and `` Million Reasons '' as singles from Gaga 's fifth album Joanne ( 2016 ) , `` The Cure '' was released as a single on April 16 , 2017 , after her live debut performance of the song at the Coachella music festival where she was a main headliner . It has reached the top 10 of the record charts in Australia , France , Hungary , Scotland , Slovakia and Spain as well as the top 20 in Czech Republic , United Kingdom , Lebanon and Latvia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d33213725bc55037af597b6d724ffa3", "text": "Roseland Ballroom The Roseland Ballroom was a multipurpose hall , in a converted ice skating rink , with a colorful ballroom dancing pedigree , in New York City 's theater district , on West 52nd Street in Manhattan . The venue , according to its website , accommodated 3,200 standing ( with an additional 300 upstairs ) , 2,500 for a dance party , between 1,300 and 1,500 in theatre style , 800-1 ,000 for a sit-down dinner , and 1,500 for a buffet and dancing . The venue hosted a wide range of events , from a Hillary Clinton birthday party , to annual gay circuit parties , to movie premieres , to musical performances of all genres , including Beyoncé 's Elements of 4 show and internet stars Team StarKid 's Apocalyptour National Concert Tour . It was also known as the place American singer Fiona Apple broke down during a concert in 2000 . The rear of the venue faced West 53rd Street and the Ed Sullivan Theater . On October 18 , 2013 , it was announced that the venue would close on April 7 , 2014 . Lady Gaga completed a short residency as the last performer before the Roseland Ballroom closed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae3cd54fe313bf4a4bdd987479c0a3f5", "text": "Who's That Girl (1987 film) Who 's That Girl is a 1987 American screwball comedy film written by Andrew Smith and Ken Finkleman , and directed by James Foley . It stars Madonna and Griffin Dunne , and depicts the story of a street-smart girl who is falsely accused of murdering her boyfriend and is sent to jail . After getting released , she meets a man , who is supposed to make sure she gets on her bus back to Philadelphia , and convinces him to help her catch those responsible for her confinement . While searching for the embezzler , they fall in love with each other . After the failure of her 1986 film Shanghai Surprise , Madonna decided to sign another comedy film titled Slammer , which was later renamed to Who 's That Girl . However , she had to convince both Warner Bros. and the producers of the film that she was ready for the project . Madonna enlisted her friend James Foley to direct the film . Shooting began in New York in October 1986 , and continued until March 1987 . Production was halted during December due to snowfall in New York . Madonna utilized the time to work on her next tour and the soundtrack of the film . The film was released on August 7 , 1987 , and was a box office bomb , grossing only $ 2.5 million in its first week , with its final domestic total being about $ 7.3 million . Critics were highly disappointed with the film , and Foley 's direction . Some went on to call it one of the worst films to be released , while others found Madonna 's comic timing to be one of the highlights . However , the Who 's That Girl World Tour went on to be a critical and commercial success , grossing a total of US$ 25 million , and playing in front of audiences totaling 1.5 million people . The soundtrack of the film , though not acclaimed by the critics , enjoyed commercial success . Three of Madonna 's songs , the title track , `` Causing a Commotion '' and `` The Look of Love '' , were released as singles with the title track becoming Madonna 's sixth number one single on the US Billboard Hot 100 . The soundtrack album went on to sell six million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d403ba95538df951631b910094752a5", "text": "Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist . It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . '' The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist . Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 . Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year . 1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c5128a879334c420e4972ef8b4862b7", "text": "MTV Video Music Award for Best Video with a Social Message The MTV Video Music Award for Best Video with a Social Message is an award handed out at the yearly MTV Video Music Awards , first introduced at the 2011 ceremony . The first winner of the category was Lady Gaga . As of 2015 , Kelly Clarkson , Rise Against , and Beyoncé have received the most nominations in this category , being nominated twice .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a96a5c2b42f7afba6b7276e70d75d1eb", "text": "Seventia Seventia ( born 5 May 1989 in London ) is a pop singer and songwriter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b01eee1f64932ccb5b5d91011488bd14", "text": "House of Deréon House of Deréon was a ready-to-wear fashion line introduced by singer and actress Beyoncé and her mother/stylist Tina Knowles . The style and concept is inspired by three generations of women in their family , with the name `` Deréon '' paying tribute to Beyoncé 's maternal grandmother , Agnèz Deréon ( Mother of Tina Knowles ) . As of 2012 the junior line Deréon has been discontinued .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1035d21564b08b179e598f58d9d67e61", "text": "Tony Bennett and Lady Gaga: Cheek to Cheek Live! Tony Bennett and Lady Gaga : Cheek to Cheek Live ! is an American concert television special featuring live performances by Tony Bennett and Lady Gaga in support of their collaborative studio album , Cheek to Cheek , released in September 2014 . It was held at the Rose Theater of Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in July following the announcement of the album 's release , and was aired on PBS on October 24 , 2014 , as part of the network 's Great Performances series . The concert was watched by an audience consisting of invited guests and students from New York schools . Bennett and Gaga were joined on stage by 39-piece orchestra and jazz musicians associated with both artists . A number of costumes were worn by Gaga , provided by designers including Roberto Cavalli , Michael Costello , Mathieu Mirano , Valentino as well as David Samuel Menkes . The special received one nomination at the 67th Primetime Emmy Awards . Bennett and Gaga performed a total of 13 songs from the album , including the number one singles on Billboards Jazz chart `` Anything Goes '' and `` I Ca n't Give You Anything but Love '' . Before the concert was aired , a number of promotional videos from the show were released . Additionally , PBS announced that the concert was filmed in 4K resolution . On January 20 , 2015 , the DVD and Blu-ray was released , and later for digital download on iTunes Store . It reached the top-ten of the record charts in many countries , reaching number one in the US and Belgium . Bennett and Gaga partnered with LG Electronic , who aired the concert across all retail chains in the United States , on LG 's 4K Ultra High-definition TV screens . Tony Bennett and Lady Gaga : Cheek to Cheek Live ! became the first concert to be streamed in 4K resolution . The show received positive reviews , with critics praising Gaga and Bennett 's vocals and their camaraderie on stage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7770b9470539cb6569fa9059a3f3f43c", "text": "A Katy or a Gaga `` A Katy or a Gaga '' is the fourth episode of the fifth season of the American musical television series Glee , and the ninety-second episode overall . It was written by executive producers Russel Friend & Garrett Lerner , and directed by co-creator Ian Brennan , and it aired on Fox in the United States on November 7 , 2013 . The episode features the music of Katy Perry and Lady Gaga , the debut of guest star Adam Lambert as Elliott `` Starchild '' Gilbert , and the return of special guest star Demi Lovato as Dani , Santana 's ( Naya Rivera ) girlfriend . In this episode , the glee club is challenged to perform music from either Katy Perry or Lady Gaga , whichever performer they have the least affinity for , to stretch their boundaries . Kurt decides to form a band , and is resistant to the idea that he should include Starchild in it following a highly flamboyant yet excellent audition . The episode was watched by 4.01 million viewers , and received mixed reviews from critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d44171fbd50a9617a851364a4469759e", "text": "March 28", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d045a21f1c0a7fd5a0dbc94f5d3be4f", "text": "Dance/Electronic Digital Songs Dance/Electronic Digital Songs is a weekly chart that ranks the best-selling digital dance and electronic singles in the United States , according to Billboard . Although it originally started tracking singles the week of January 2 , 2010 , it did not become an official chart until the issue dated April 3 , 2010 . The Dance/Electronic Digital Songs chart tracks the 50 most popular downloaded dance music singles , including tracks that are exclusively available online only . This chart also includes previously released dance and disco songs that became available for downloading , which means that songs like `` You Spin Me Round ( Like a Record ) '' by Dead or Alive are eligible to chart . On January 17 , 2013 , Billboard added a new chart , Dance/Electronic Songs , which tracks the 50 most popular Dance and Electronic singles and tracks based on club play , single sales , radio airplay , digital downloads , and online streaming . As such , this chart serves as the main component for the Dance Club Songs , Dance/Mix Show Airplay , Dance Single Sales , and Dance/Electronic Digital Songs charts . The chart 's first number one was `` Bad Romance '' by Lady Gaga in the January 23 , 2010 issue and Gaga 's songs spent so far ( as December , 2014 ) a total of 1025 weeks on the chart . The chart 's longest running number-one is `` Bulletproof '' by La Roux , reigning at the lead position for 18 consecutive weeks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5aadd183c1015b02bbffa242a48c087", "text": "Born to Die Born to Die is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey . Her major label debut , it was released on January 27 , 2012 by Interscope Records , Polydor Records and Stranger Records . Del Rey collaborated with producers including Patrik Berger , Jeff Bhasker , Chris Braide , Emile Haynie , Justin Parker , Rick Nowels , Robopop and Al Shux to achieve her desired sound . Their efforts resulted in a primarily baroque pop record , which sees additional influences from alternative hip hop , indie pop and trip hop music . Contemporary music critics gave Born to Die mixed reviews ; some commended its distinctive production , while its repetitiveness and melodramatic tendencies were a recurring complaint . The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 77,000 copies ; it was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) after moving one million units . Born to Die reached the peak positions on eleven international record charts . After attaining online success after its initial premiere on June 29 , 2011 , `` Video Games '' was released as the lead single from Born to Die on October 17 , 2011 ; it peaked at number ninety-one on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Its follow-up singles `` Born to Die '' , `` Off to the Races '' , `` Blue Jeans '' , `` Summertime Sadness '' , `` National Anthem '' , and `` Dark Paradise '' performed sporadically across Billboard component charts and international record charts . The Cedric Gervais remix of `` Summertime Sadness '' was released on July 11 , 2013 and became Del Rey 's highest-charting single in the United States , reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . Del Rey additionally promoted Born to Die with several televised performances , including a widely criticized appearance on Saturday Night Live . It was reissued on November 9 , 2012 as an expanded version subtitled The Paradise Edition , which was packaged with her third extended play Paradise ( 2012 ) . Born to Die has sold 7,000,000 copies worldwide as of June 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb15bcc714c715eae349eaf85f89ea1a", "text": "Whitney Houston discography The discography of American singer Whitney Houston ( 1963 -- 2012 ) consists of seven studio albums , six compilations , two soundtrack albums , five box sets , six extended plays , and fifty-seven singles . In 1985 , Houston released her self-titled debut album . It spent fourteen weeks at number one on the Billboard 200 and was certified thirteen times platinum ( Diamond ) by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , with global sales of 25 million copies . The album produced four US top 5 singles , including three Billboard Hot 100 number-ones . In 1987 , Houston released her second album Whitney . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and was supported by four US number-one singles : `` I Wan na Dance with Somebody ( Who Loves Me ) '' , `` Did n't We Almost Have It All '' , `` So Emotional '' , and `` Where Do Broken Hearts Go '' , which established an unprecedented seven consecutive number one hits by a performer . Whitney was certified 9 × Platinum by the RIAA and topped the charts in numerous countries , having sold in excess of 20 million copies worldwide . Houston 's third studio album , I 'm Your Baby Tonight ( 1990 ) , peaked at number three on the Billboard 200 chart and yielded two number-one singles ; `` I 'm Your Baby Tonight '' and `` All the Man That I Need '' , selling 10 million units worldwide . In February 1991 , Houston released `` The Star Spangled Banner '' performance from Super Bowl XXV as a single , becoming the highest-charting rendition of the national anthem on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . The Bodyguard soundtrack from her film debut , was released in November 1992 . The album contains tracks by other recording artists but is considered a Houston album by Billboard . It topped the Billboard 200 for twenty non-consecutive weeks , one of the longest tenures by an album in the Nielsen SoundScan era . The album was certified 17 × Platinum the United States and sold over 45 million copies worldwide , becoming the best-selling soundtrack album and one of the top 5 best-selling albums of all time . The lead single from the soundtrack , `` I Will Always Love You '' , topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart for a then-record-breaking fourteen weeks and was certified 6 × Platinum by the RIAA , peaked at number one on the charts in nearly every country and sold 12 million copies worldwide , becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time . Houston contributed three songs , including her eleventh number-one single `` Exhale ( Shoop Shoop ) '' on the 7x platinum soundtrack album , Waiting to Exhale ( November 1995 ) . The following year she released The Preacher 's Wife in November 1996 . The soundtrack was certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA and became the biggest selling gospel album of all time . In 1998 , she released her first studio album in eight years , My Love Is Your Love . The album failed to match the commercial status of her previous albums , peaking at number thirteen , her lowest chart position on the Billboard 200 among her studio albums . Despite initial weak sales , the album went on to achieve multi-platinum status with 11 million units sold worldwide , being certified 4 × Platinum in the United States . From late 1998 to early 2000 , the album generated five singles ; `` When You Believe '' ( duet with Mariah Carey ) , `` Heartbreak Hotel '' , `` It 's Not Right but It 's Okay '' , `` My Love Is Your Love '' , and `` I Learned from the Best '' . Houston entered the 2000s with her first greatest hits compilation , Whitney : The Greatest Hits , released in May 2000 . The double-disc was certified 3 × Platinum by the RIAA in 2002 and earned 5 × Platinum award posthumously , recognizing 2.6 million in sales throughout the United States . The album hit the top position on the UK Albums Chart and sold over 1.66 million copies in the UK alone . Also , it reached the top ten in many worldwide markets , selling 10 million copies globally . Just Whitney , released in December 2002 , became her first album after renewing her contract with Arista for a record $ 100 million in 2001 . The album failed to earn multi-platinum status , receiving only Platinum award in the US , and became her lowest-selling studio album to date . She released a holiday album , One Wish : The Holiday Album in November 2003 . In September 2009 , Houston returned to the top position of the Billboard 200 with I Look to You , becoming her fourth number-one album on the chart ; which was her first non-soundtrack number-one in 22 years , since 1987 's Whitney . It also topped the album charts of several European countries and was certified Platinum by the RIAA . Her albums Whitney Houston , Whitney , The Bodyguard and Whitney : The Greatest Hits are among the top 100 certified albums according to the RIAA . According to the RIAA , Houston is the top-selling R&B female artist of the 20th century , and the fourth best-selling female artist in the United States , with shipments of 57 million albums . In addition , until the launch of the RIAA 's digital certification program in 2004 , she had sold 16.5 million physical singles more than any other female solo artist in history . According to the Official UK Charts Company in October 2012 , Houston is at number four in the top 10 biggest selling female singles artists of all-time list with a sales total of 8.5 million singles . Whitney Houston is one of pop music 's best-selling music artists of all-time , with an estimated 170 -- 200 million records sold worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc172f1ef685c2db421e5343624548f8", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance ( previously called Best Rhythm and Blues Solo Vocal Performance , Female ) was an honor presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , to female recording artists for quality R&B songs . Awards in several categories are distributed annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position . '' According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award was presented to artists that performed `` newly recorded solo R&B vocal performances '' . Solo numbers by members of an established group were not eligible for the award as `` separate entries from the duo or group performances . '' Albums were also considered for the accolade until 1992 . As a part of the major overhaul of Grammy categories , the award was discontinued in 2011 . The Female R&B Vocal Performance category , Male R&B Vocal Performance category and all duo/group vocal performances in the R&B category shifted to the Best R&B Performance category in 2012 . The award for the Best Female R&B Vocal Performance was first presented to Aretha Franklin at the 10th Grammy Awards ceremony in 1968 for the song `` Respect '' . Franklin received the most wins with eleven , followed by Anita Baker with five . Franklin also holds the record for the most nominations with twenty-three , while Chaka Khan is second with eight nominations . Fantasia Barrino became the final recipient of the award , when her song `` Bittersweet '' won the award in 2011 . The award was presented to artists from the United States each year .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b8211c097110e5badbd174a7060b7b7d", "text": "Steven Knight Steven Knight ( born 1959 ) is a British screenwriter and film director . He read English at University College London ( UCL ) . Knight has written the screenplays for the films Closed Circuit , Dirty Pretty Things and Eastern Promises , and also directed as well as written the films Locke and Hummingbird ( a.k.a. Redemption ) . Knight is also one of three creators of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire ? , a game show that has been remade and aired in around 160 countries worldwide , and has written for BBC 's Commercial Breakdown , The Detectives , Peaky Blinders and Taboo .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "de3c2f688eb46780a55e3508807deb11", "text": "Knight Moves (video game) Knight Moves is a puzzle video game released for Windows in 1995 . It is based on a similar game , Knight Move ( note that `` Move '' is singular in this version ) created by Alexey Pajitnov of Tetris fame , though he had no part in the creation of this game . The player controls a chess knight , and must navigate around various hazards and enemies to pick up power-ups and treasure .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3bf34b3d87d747d68b374d6b939831e3", "text": "Steve Conliff Steven Conliff ( November 24 , 1949 -- June 1 , 2006 ) was a Midwestern-based , Native American writer , historian , social satirist and political activist in the 1960s and 1970s . He is chiefly remembered for throwing a banana cream pie at James A. Rhodes , the governor of Ohio , in 1977 , at the opening of the Ohio State Fair in Columbus . Conliff and others protested against the governor in part for Rhodes ' direct involvement and use of violence against anti-Vietnam war protestors at Kent State University in May 1970 . By ordering the Ohio National Guard on to the campus at Kent with live ammunition , and by comments made to the public on May 3 , 1970 , Rhodes approved the infamous Kent State Shootings , which took place on May 4 , 1970 . Conliff was later acquitted of charges of assault on the governor , as sequential and clear photographs showed the airborne pie nearly completely missing the back of the governor 's head . Conliff was an important leader of the Yippies ' second wave , which included well-known activists such as AJ Weberman , Aron Kay ( another famous pie thrower ) , David Peel , and Dana Beal . He was also the transatlantic coordinator of the Rock Against Racism USA campaign of 1979 , helping to organize concerts in Columbus , Chicago , and New York City . In his own words , he `` reversed dangerous historical trends through antics like ` the Conliff precedent ' ( disrespect which does n't impede justice is n't contempt of court ) . '' He grew up on absorbing oral history dating to the Revolutionary War from relatives like his great-uncle Carl Miller , the first Indian Reorganization chief . In the summer of 1970 , Steven E. Conliff started his first alternative publication , Purple Berries , and met artist Suzan Bird . They married in 1973 and had three sons ; Byron ( 1981 ) , Nicholai ( 1986 ) , and Leon ( 1993 ) ) . Both contributed to the Columbus Free Press ( 1971 -- 92 ) , YIPster TImes ( 1972 -- 78 ) , Subversive Scholastic ( 1978 -- 84 ) , HVPTA / Bite Magazine ( 1978-80 ) , and Overthrow ( 1979 -- 98 ) . One of his continuing characters , `` the Leader of the Street People '' Zorba the Freak , became legendary . Suzan 's artwork frequently accompanied her husband 's writings . With Dana Beal and the YIPPIES ( Youth International Party ) , Conliff put out the anthology `` Blacklisted News : Secret Histories from Chicago 1968 to 1984 '' , forward by William Kunstler ( Bleecker 1983 ) . Steve 's work also appeared in High Times , New From Indian Country and The Mohican News , and he ran the Columbus Entertainment magazine from 1986 to 1988 . He edited and published his father 's account of World War II in the Aleutians , E.B. Conliff 's History of the 37th Infantry ( Bleecker 1994 ) , ghost-wrote a 1992 campaign biography that helped oust a local despot ( Smith : Portrait of a Sheriff ) , and authored several influential reports condemning Battelle Memorial Institute 's involvement in the Fernald uranium processing facility clean-up . A tribal descendant , Conliff presented papers detailing Mohican Indian history on the Stockbridge-Munsee Reservation ( 2001 ) and at the New York State Museum in Albany ( 2004 ) . He contributed American Indian ethnography to Notable Native Americans ( Gale 1993 ) and Volume 1 of the Gale Encyclopedia if NAtive American Tribes ( Gale 1998 ) . His published poetry includes Peace in Persia ( 1981 ) and the 1979 epic Zeitgiest : The Ballad of Tom Forcade ( Blacklisted News ) , a history of the counter-culture The Dreaded Yippie Curse , ibid and two novels available on-line , Chief Buffalo and The Green Arm , a satire of weapons of mass destruction . His most recent work published after his death is `` 8060 Olentangy River Road '' , a history of land in Delaware County Ohio . An account of Conliff 's early career is in Steve Abbott 's Karl and Groucho Marxist Dance Voices Underground : Insiders Histories of the Vietnam Era Underground Press , Vol .1 , Ken Wachsberger , ED , ( Mica 's Press 1993 ) He died of lung cancer on June 1 , 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bdcdad5ac7b2ff18b7d45f21f6213720", "text": "Knight (chess) The knight is a piece in the game of chess , representing a knight ( armored cavalry ) . It is normally represented by a horse 's head and neck . Colloquially it is sometimes referred to as a `` horse '' , which is also the translation of the piece 's name in several languages . Each player starts with two knights , which begin on the row closest to the player , between the rooks and bishops .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ae37eb9ac2217e24f7aeb24998a066d", "text": "John Knight John Knight may refer to :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d0f2d456825c0a89c597cb1068913397", "text": "The Dark Knight (video game) The Dark Knight is a cancelled action video game loosely based on the film of the same name . The game was unofficially announced in the summer of 2007 to be developed by Pandemic Studios as an open world Batman game . The game was confirmed , albeit unofficially , on July 18 , 2008 by actor Gary Oldman during an interview with G4 's Kristin Adams . In his interview on GameTrailers , Oldman said he knew an awful lot of effort had gone into getting Batman 's gliding abilities to feel suitably smooth and fluid for The Dark Knight game . Oldman , who reprised his role as Lt. Jim Gordon , did not name a developer in the interview but anonymous sources reported that The Dark Knight was a secret project of Pandemic Studios and EA . Despite prior speculation , no further announcements were made regarding production of the game , even upon the DVD and Blu-ray Disc release of the films on December 9 , 2008 in the United States . According to a Newsweek article , the lack of a game at the same time of the movie 's release may have cost an estimated $ 101 million in missed revenue . EA and Pandemic Studios had announced that the game would come out on the PlayStation 3 . Pandemic Brisbane , who were responsible for developing this game , has since been shut down and the project cancelled . In 2009 , Warner Bros. would instead publish Batman : Arkham Asylum with Rocksteady Studios as the developer , which would start the Batman : Arkham series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "80bc4078a3368ea98f6907ba3435f16d", "text": "Captain America (vol. 5) Captain America ( vol . 5 ) was an ongoing comic book series published for four years from January 2005 to July 2009 by Marvel Comics . It starred the superhero Captain America , and the entire series was written by Ed Brubaker . It was the fifth Captain America series with this title to be published , following series that ran from 1968 -- 1996 , 1996 -- 1997 , 1998 -- 2002 , and 2002-2004 . After its fiftieth issue ( July 2009 ) , the series was renumbered to match the numbering of all the volumes of the title ( 454 , 13 , 50 , 32 , and 50 ) , and volume 1 resumed publication with issue # 600 with Brubaker remaining as writer . The series was best known for reviving Captain America 's World War II partner Bucky Barnes as the Winter Soldier in issue # 6 , the presumed death of Steve Rogers in issue # 25 , and Bucky taking over the mantle of Captain America in issue # 34 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "309b7fd062ef2c436c0546c9e612a6b8", "text": "Glenn Knight Glenn Jeyasingam Knight ( born in 1945 ) is a Singaporean lawyer . He was the first Director of the Commercial Affairs Department ( CAD ) when it was founded in 1984 . He lost his post in 1991 after being convicted of corruption in a much-publicised trial . In 1998 , he was again tried and convicted for misappropriating money while in office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c9f0edc6c5bcbf16ae3ff0ea956931b", "text": "Steve Stanton Steven David Stanton ( born April 5 , 1956 in Brampton , Ontario ) is a Canadian author , editor , and publisher . He founded Skysong Press in 1988 and published the fanzine Dreams & Visions for twenty years , as well as the Sky Songs anthology series , 2002-2005 . He served on the Board of Directors of SF Canada for seven years from 2007-2014 , including three years as President of the association from 2011-2014 , when he established the bilingual SF Canada Awards . Steve Stanton 's science fiction stories have been published in sixteen countries and a dozen languages , and his `` Psipunk Trilogy '' , The Bloodlight Chronicles , was published by ECW Press in Toronto : this trilogy consists of Reconciliation ( 2010 ) , Retribution ( 2011 ) , and Redemption ( 2012 ) . Library Journal said this `` elegantly written '' science fiction series `` revitalizes the cyber-fiction genre with its vivid prose and believable characters . '' A fourth science fiction novel , Freenet , was published in 2016 by ECW Press .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c81bcce738f828e55cf5f1c12de00bc", "text": "Martin Knight (cricketer) Martin Knight ( born 5 October 1984 ) was an English cricketer . He was a right-handed batsman and left-arm medium-pace bowler who played for Cheshire . He was born in Ashton-under-Lyne , Greater Manchester . Knight made a single appearance for Lancashire Second XI during the 2002 season , as a substitute for Michael Smethurst . Knight appeared in the Minor Counties Championship between 2002 and 2004 , and made a single List A appearance for Cheshire , in the C&G Trophy in August 2002 . From the tailend , he did not bat or bowl in the match .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ac92998d3d3fddd76354e48d8ded0a6", "text": "Steven Conrad Steven Conrad ( born 1968 ) is an American screenwriter , film producer and director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08256e28a9021ed9e2216eafcd9fef81", "text": "Steve Crenshaw Steve Crenshaw ( born Steven Michael Hidalgo , 5 December 1971 ) is an American blues guitarist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "10befc0c087a242cab71c44a902f86d2", "text": "Michael Knight (Australian politician) Michael Steven Knight AO ( born 21 September 1952 in , New South Wales ) is a former Australian politician . He was member for Campbelltown in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly between 1981 and 2001 . He served as Minister for the Olympics between 1995 and 2001 in the Carr Labor government .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "abaf6676d19ab470356e15975ae25648", "text": "Norman L. Knight Norman Louis Knight ( September 21 , 1895 -- April 19 , 1972 ) was an American chemist and author of fantasy and science fiction . His most prominent work is probably A Torrent of Faces , a novel cowritten with James Blish and reprinted in the Ace Science Fiction Specials line /", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09b9e432931816e92984149df9cac2b8", "text": "J. Z. Knight Judy Zebra `` JZ '' Knight ( born Judith Darlene Hampton , March 16 , 1946 ) is an American New Age teacher and author known for her purported channelling of a spiritual entity named Ramtha . Knight has appeared on US TV shows , such as Larry King , MSNBC and The Merv Griffin Show , as well as in media such as Psychology Today . Her teachings have attracted figures from the entertainment and political world such as Linda Evans and Shirley MacLaine . Knight claims to bridge ancient wisdom and the power of consciousness together with the latest discoveries in science . Some of the ideas are similar to those of Shirley MacLaine , which have in turn been criticized for being `` kindergarden metaphysics '' by mathematician and skeptic Martin Gardner . Ramtha 's teachings have been criticized by scientists and skeptics . Knight lives in a 12,800 sqft French chateau-style home and , next door , teaches courses and runs Ramtha 's School of Enlightenment . Knight has been married three times and is the mother of two children from her first marriage ( Brandy and Christopher ) , which ended in divorce .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6fb2577125feb4a3cca366973379b516", "text": "Steven Emerson Steven Emerson ( born June 6 , 1954 ) is an American journalist , author , and pundit on national security , terrorism , and Islamic extremism . Some have called Emerson a terrorism and intelligence expert , while critics have said that he is an Islamophobe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "936539c9324398e8cc139a6bcbf65760", "text": "Steve Culbertson Steven Culbertson ( born September 23 , 1957 in Bitburg , West Germany ) has been President and Chief Executive Officer of Youth Service America , since May 16 , 1996 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ac9b47f5bae389633a818d3a790276b", "text": "The Dark Knight (film) The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman ( Bale ) , James Gordon ( Oldman ) and Harvey Dent ( Eckhart ) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker ( Ledger ) who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos . Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 ( 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker . A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists ( 287 ) than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics ( 77 ) named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77d48d045420b656d83b442f3d5b4567", "text": "In Search of Wonder In Search of Wonder : Essays on Modern Science Fiction is a collection of critical essays by Damon Knight . Most of the material in the original version of the book was originally published between 1952 and 1955 in various science fiction magazines including Infinity Science Fiction , Original SF Stories , and Future SF . The essays were highly influential , and contributed to Knight 's stature as the foremost critic of science fiction of his generation . The book also constitutes an informal record of the `` Boom Years '' of science fiction from 1950-1955 . In the opening chapter , Knight states his `` credos '' , two of which are : That science fiction is a field of literature worth taking seriously , and that ordinary critical standards can be meaningfully applied to it : e.g. , originality , sincerity , style , construction , logic , coherence , sanity , garden-variety grammar . That a bad book hurts science fiction more than ten bad notices . Perhaps the most famous essay in the book is `` Cosmic Jerrybuilder : A. E. van Vogt '' , a review of the 1945 magazine serialization of A.E. Van Vogt 's The World of Null-A , in which Knight `` exposed the profound irrationality lying at the heart of much traditional science fiction '' . In 1956 Knight was awarded a Hugo as `` Best Book Reviewer '' based largely on the essays reprinted in this book .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a271328fc05023b7caa47bf31ad6152", "text": "Barry Knight (referee) Barry Knight ( born 7 May 1960 ) is an English retired professional football referee , who officiated primarily in the Premier League . He retired in 2008 due to injury .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bb1e1372c552b1c2d9b5c28dac6989f", "text": "Golden Knight The Golden Knight is a fictional character , a comic book knight published by DC Comics . He first appeared in The Demon vol . 3 , # 20 ( February 1992 ) , and was created by Alan Grant and Val Semeiks . The character is based on the mythical knight Percival as defined by Chrétien de Troyes ' unfinished fifth romance , Perceval , le Conte du Graal ( Perceval , the Story of the Grail ) .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b6d538eb8278f42005a771a977674e24", "text": "Warcraft Warcraft is a franchise of video games , novels , and other media created by Blizzard Entertainment . The series is made up of five core games : Warcraft : Orcs & Humans , Warcraft II : Tides of Darkness , Warcraft III : Reign of Chaos , World of Warcraft , and Hearthstone . The first three of these core games are in the real-time strategy genre , where opposing players command virtual armies in battle against each other or a computer-controlled enemy . The fourth and best-selling title of the franchise is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game ( MMORPG ) , where players control their character and interact with each other in a virtual world . The most recent title is Hearthstone , a digital collectible card game . Of these games , no expansion sets were released for Warcraft : Orcs & Humans , but Warcraft II was accompanied by the release of Warcraft II : Beyond the Dark Portal and Warcraft III was accompanied by the release of Warcraft III : The Frozen Throne . Multiple expansion packages also accompanied World of Warcraft , which include : The Burning Crusade , Wrath of the Lich King , Cataclysm , Mists of Pandaria , Warlords of Draenor and Legion . All games in the series have been set in and around the world of Azeroth , a high fantasy setting . Initially , the start of the series focused on the human nations that make up the Eastern Kingdoms , and the Orcish Horde , which arrived in Azeroth via a dark portal , beginning the great wars . The Orcs came from another world , referred to as Draenor , which then turns into Outland , the world that will be shattered into pieces by demonic magics during the events of Warcraft II . Later on in the series the world of Azeroth was expanded , revealing the new continents of Kalimdor , Northrend , Pandaria and Broken Isles , allowing the introduction of the Night Elves , Tauren and other major races into the universe . The world of Azeroth also contains the traditional fantasy setting races of elves , dwarves , gnomes , orcs , and trolls . The series also spawned several books and other media , covering a broad range of characters and timelines in the Warcraft universe . A collectable card game was also published , which offered those who bought booster packs a chance to gain access codes to limited in-game content in World of Warcraft '' . Many comics have also been released alongside the books , further covering parts of the universe 's storyline . A short-lived , online subscription only magazine was also available but later ceased publication after just five issues . A film adaptation was released in 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1c87cd9d68a32bcad5850bdd99606a7", "text": "Blizzard Entertainment Blizzard Entertainment , Inc. is an American video game developer and publisher based in Irvine , California , and is a subsidiary of the American company Activision Blizzard . The company was founded on February 8 , 1991 , under the name Silicon & Synapse by three graduates of the University of California , Los Angeles : Michael Morhaime , Frank Pearce , and Allen Adham . The company originally concentrated primarily on the creation of game ports for other studios before beginning development of their own software in 1993 with the development of games like Rock n ' Roll Racing and The Lost Vikings . In 1994 the company became Chaos Studios , then Blizzard Entertainment , Inc. after being acquired by distributor Davidson & Associates . Shortly thereafter , Blizzard released Warcraft : Orcs & Humans . Blizzard went on to create several other video games , including Warcraft sequels , the Diablo series , the StarCraft series , and in 2004 the massively multiplayer online role-playing game World of Warcraft . Their most recent projects include the first expansion for Diablo III , Reaper of Souls , the online collectible card game Hearthstone : Heroes of Warcraft , the sixth expansion for World of Warcraft , Legion , the multiplayer online battle arena Heroes of the Storm , the third and final expansion for StarCraft II : Wings of Liberty , Legacy of the Void , and the multiplayer first-person shooter Overwatch . On July 9 , 2008 , Activision merged with Vivendi Games , culminating in the inclusion of the Blizzard brand name in the title of the resulting holding company . On July 25 , 2013 , Activision Blizzard announced the purchase of 429 million shares from majority owner Vivendi . As a result , Activision Blizzard became a completely independent company . Blizzard Entertainment hosts conventions for fans to meet and to promote their games : the BlizzCon in California , United States , and the Blizzard Worldwide Invitational in other countries , including France and South Korea .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b8f2f43bcba634450be5b59edcae0d0", "text": "Counter Logic Gaming Counter Logic Gaming ( CLG ) is an American eSports organization headquartered in Los Angeles , California . It was founded in April 2010 by George `` HotshotGG '' Georgallidis and Alexander `` Vodoo '' Beutel as a League of Legends team , and has since branched out into other games . CLG fields the oldest League of Legends team still active , having competed in every split of the North American League of Legends Championship Series ( LCS ) since it began in Spring 2013 . CLG has won two NA LCS splits , the 2015 Summer NA LCS and 2016 Spring NA LCS . The team has also attended the 2012 and 2015 League of Legends World Championships , and was eliminated in the group stage on both occasions . The organization also fields Halo , Counter-Strike : Global Offensive ( CS : GO ) , Super Smash Bros. , and Call of Duty teams , and previously included a Dota 2 team . The organization was also one of the first in North America to implement a multi-team gaming house , and the current residence is able to house all their major divisions and the management staff on a permanent basis .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "8539fba84f86cd1f9ca6477e0bdbe556", "text": "Party (role-playing games) thumb | right | A party of adventurers in Tales of Trolls & Treasures . A party is a group of characters adventuring together in a role-playing game . In tabletop role-playing , a party is composed of a group of players , occasionally with the addition of non-player character allies ( sometimes called henchmen ) controlled by those players or by the gamemaster . In computer games , the relationship between the party and the players varies considerably . Online role-playing games or MMORPG parties are often , in the above sense , of the same constituency as tabletop parties , except that the allies are always controlled to a lesser or greater extent by the computer AI . In single-player computer games , the player generally controls all party members to a varying degree . Examples of games which have parties include the tabletop RPG Vampire : the Requiem , the single-player role-playing Baldur 's Gate series , MMORPGs such as World of Warcraft , Anarchy Online and Warhammer Online , and the multi-player computer action-RPG Final Fantasy XI .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2462242ea5488b020086fee68ff2bccf", "text": "Professional Warcraft III competition The expansion to the computer game Warcraft III : Reign of Chaos , known as The Frozen Throne , had an active professional competition scene , particularly in China , Germany , and South Korea . The game was featured at eSports festivals including the World Cyber Games , the Electronic Sports World Cup , the World e-Sports Games , the World Series of Video Games and the International E-Sports Festival . Outside of the professional circuit , the game had many active competitive circuits , with users at Battle.net ranging between the 70,000 and 100,000 at any given moment . In China , in which Warcraft III was extremely popular due to it being easily available through piracy , fans and users often used an alternative client due to the country 's poor internet connections to the outside world . Around 3,000,000 copies of the game were sold in the country . 500,000 Chinese competed in the Chinese qualifiers for the 2006 World Cyber Games . The amount of prize money through the years has been significant with top players winning hundreds of thousands of dollars . As usual in competitive gaming , income for Warcraft 3 professional players flowed from various sources like team salaries from pro-gaming teams and sponsorships usually computer technology related . A famous example was Danish gaming organization known as Meet Your Makers which boasted of paying their players 300,000 on an annual basis . Similar to older games with huge competitive scenes like Starcraft : Brood War and Counter-Strike 1.6 , the popularity of Warcraft 3 steadily declined and towards the end of the previous decade almost all tournaments and players were Chinese . After 2010 , with Starcraft 2 , League of Legends , and Dota 2 being released and becoming popular , Warcraft 3 gave up its position as one of the prime eSports titles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b63f6ea540c5b70e2abbc359f88e79d5", "text": "TaleWorlds Entertainment TaleWorlds Entertainment is an independent Turkish game development company located in Ankara , Turkey , founded in 2005 . TaleWorlds is an official brand of İkisoft Software Company and have been developing PC games under the brand `` TaleWorlds Entertainment '' since 2005 . The company 's first game , Mount & Blade , was completed in September 2008 , its second game Mount & Blade : Warband was released on March 29 , 2010 , and its third game was Mount & Blade : With Fire & Sword was released on May 3 , 2011 . Their studio is located in Middle East Technical University ( METU ) - Technopolis . The studio is currently working on Mount and Blade II : Bannerlord as confirmed in a PC Gamer interview by Designer and Producer Mikail Yazbeck .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ea96a8a50eec8710d680775e3df01bd", "text": "List of Square Enix video game franchises Square Enix is a Japanese video game development and publishing company formed from the merger of video game developer Square and publisher Enix on April 1 , 2003 . The company is best known for its role-playing video game franchises , which include the Final Fantasy series , the Dragon Quest series , and the action role-playing Kingdom Hearts series . Since its inception , the company has developed or published hundreds of titles in various video game franchises on numerous gaming systems . Of its properties , the Final Fantasy franchise is the best-selling , with a total worldwide sales of over 110 million units . The Dragon Quest series has shipped over 66 million units worldwide and is one of the most popular video game series in Japan , while the Kingdom Hearts series has shipped over 22 million copies worldwide . Square Enix has owned Taito , which continues to publish its own video games , since September 2005 , and acquired game publisher Eidos Interactive in April 2009 , which was merged with Square Enix 's European publishing wing and renamed as Square Enix Europe . This list includes franchises in which Square Enix , or its original components Square and Enix , or its subsidiaries , were the primary developer or publisher , even if the series was begun prior to the subsidiary 's acquisition . Franchises are defined as any set of interconnected media consisting of more than one release , and video game franchises are defined as franchises which were initially created as a video game or series of video games . For a list of all individual games developed or published by Square Enix , see the list of Square Enix video games and mobile games . For games released before the merger , see the Square and Enix video games . For games released by Taito , both before and after the acquisition , see the list of Taito games , and for games published by Eidos prior to acquisition see the list of Eidos games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eabc0fdd70071efa1733f4f5b71e2763", "text": "Bruce Davis (video game industry) Bruce L. Davis ( born 1952 ) is an American businessman , currently CEO and chairman of Digimarc . Formerly the head of both Imagic and Activision , he is known for his role in the development of the video game industry . A native of New York , Davis earned a B.S. in accounting and psychology and an M.A. in criminal justice from University at Albany , SUNY , and a law degree from Columbia University . He began his professional career by establishing the intellectual property practice at the firm of Orrick , Herrington & Sutcliffe in San Francisco , California . He assumed leadership of Imagic as it was going out of business in the North American video game crash of 1983 . From 1987 to 1991 , Davis was first chief operating officer , then chairman and CEO of Activision . The board of directors promoted him from senior vice president to replace Jim Levy shortly after the acquisition of Infocom , in the hopes of stemming the continuing financial damage from the crash . He had opposed the merger , and many Infocom employees believed he was deliberately working against them , changing processes that had made the game business successful . Activision co-founder and programmer David Crane was also critical of Davis : `` Bruce Davis ' biggest mistake was treating video games as commodities , rather than creative products . '' Nevertheless , Davis 's leadership of Activision began well . He led the company to a profit in his first year at the helm on strong sales growth , following 16 consecutive quarters of multimillion-dollar losses . The turnaround effort was stymied after a huge damages award for infringement of Magnavox 's original home video game patents was upheld on appeal in 1988 . That year Activision changed its name to Mediagenic , as Davis sought to expand the company 's product lines to non-gaming software . In February 1991 , Robert Kotick , backed by Steve Wynn of Mirage Resorts , staged a successful hostile takeover . Kotick and his team then filed a Chapter 11 bankruptcy in cooperation with Magnavox parent company Philips in a leveraged recapitalization of Activision , as it was renamed in 1992 . Kotick replaced Davis in this restructuring . Starting in 1992 , Davis founded and served as president of TV Guide on Screen , a joint venture of News Corporation and TCI that supplied electronic guides and navigational software for the cable television market . The company later merged with Prevue Networks , then with TV Guide . TV Guide later merged with Gemstar International . The resulting Gemstar-TV Guide International was acquired in 2008 by Macrovision . Davis is chairman and CEO of Digimarc . He led Digimarc from start up in 1997 to a more than US$ 100 million public company supplying digital watermarking technologies to national and state governments and to the media industry . He has been chairman of the board since 2002 . A prolific inventor , Davis has been awarded more than 50 patents on television user interface improvements and other innovations in media management and security . In 2003 , Mr. Davis was named Ernst & Young 's Pacific Northwest Entrepreneur Of The Year for the technology category .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b9809a88b9153e23fe80bcbe85d6747", "text": "World of Wonder (production company) World of Wonder Productions is a production company founded in 1991 by filmmakers Fenton Bailey and Randy Barbato . Based in Los Angeles , California , the company produces reality and documentary television programs , feature films , and new media . Their documentary films include Mapplethorpe : Look at the Pictures ( 2016 ) , Inside Deep Throat ( 2005 ) , The Eyes of Tammy Faye ( 2000 ) , Party Monster ( 1998 ) , Monica in Black and White , Heidi Fleiss : The Would-be Madam of Crystal , and I Am Britney Jean . Among the company 's television productions are RuPaul 's Drag Race , the Million Dollar Listing series , Big Freedia ( Fuse ) , and Island Hunters . The duo have produced programming for HBO , Showtime , Logo , VH1 , IFC , Discovery , OWN , TLC , E! , HGTV , PBS , and Channel 4 . Their company blog , The WOW Report , was named Best Counter Culture Blog by LA Weekly . In 2014 , Bailey and Barbato were honored with the IDA Pioneer Award , `` celebrating exceptional achievement , leadership , and vision in the nonfiction and documentary community '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d8232f793b6fdb59e88584ae35dd407", "text": "Respawn Entertainment Respawn Entertainment , LLC is an American video game development studio founded by Jason West and Vince Zampella , who created and were responsible for the development of the Call of Duty franchise at Infinity Ward before 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bc299a2125e1ef7a53fd098e717c441", "text": "International Game Developers Association International Game Developers Association ( IGDA ) is the professional association for over 12,000 video and computer game developers worldwide . It is incorporated in the United States as a non-profit organization . Its stated mission is `` To advance the careers and enhance the lives of game developers by connecting members with their peers , promoting professional development , and advocating on issues that affect the developer community . '' In recognition of the wide-ranging , multidisciplinary nature of interactive entertainment , there are supposedly no barriers to entry .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d44ed1aafeeb7b2c7e2fc2ec3eb0b54c", "text": "Gaijin Entertainment Gaijin Entertainment is a Russian video game developer and publisher established in 2002 . It is the largest independent video games developer in Russia , known for War Thunder .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa540b3bced3277266420672f4d63f29", "text": "StarCraft: Brood War StarCraft : Brood War is the expansion pack for the military science fiction real-time strategy video game StarCraft . Released in 1998 for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS , it was co-developed by Saffire and Blizzard Entertainment . The expansion pack introduces new campaigns , map tilesets , music , extra units for each race , and upgrade advancements . The campaigns continue the story from where the original StarCraft ended , with the sequel StarCraft II : Wings of Liberty continuing from the conclusion of Brood War . The expansion was released in the United States on 30 November 1998 . Brood War was critically well received , with reviewers praising it for being developed with the care of a full game rather than as an uninspired extra . As of 31 May 2007 , StarCraft and Brood War have sold almost ten million copies combined . The game is especially popular in South Korea , where professional players and teams participated in matches , earned sponsorships , and competed in televised matches .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b11d088c469864347536edd75f42f30d", "text": "World of Tanks World of Tanks is a massively multiplayer online game developed by the Belarusian-Cypriot company Wargaming , featuring early to mid-20th century era combat vehicles . It is built upon a freemium business model where the game is free-to-play , but participants also have the option of paying a fee for use of `` premium '' features . The focus is on player vs. player gameplay with each player controlling an armored vehicle , which may be a light , medium or heavy tank , tank destroyer , or self-propelled gun . World of Tanks debuted as an eSports game at the World Cyber Games 2012 . World of Tanks has been ported to multiple gaming consoles . An Xbox 360 version was developed by Wargaming West studio , called World of Tanks : Xbox 360 Edition . Xbox 360 players use separate servers to those playing the Windows version , and players of each version have separate accounts . The PlayStation 4 version was released in 2016 . World of Tanks has also recently expanded to mobile platforms under the name World of Tanks Blitz , in addition to a board game titled World of Tanks Rush and a collectable card game titled World of Tanks : Generals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4342315377fe41fca65e8d4a29ab68f5", "text": "Ritual Entertainment Ritual Entertainment was a video game developer established in 1996 by Robert Atkins , Mark Dochtermann , Jim Dosé , Richard ` Levelord ' Gray , Michael Hadwin , Harry Miller , and Tom Mustaine . Based in Dallas , Texas , Ritual Entertainment was formerly known as Hipnotic Interactive , during which period they began development of their signature video game SiN . Members of the Ritual Entertainment development team have contributed game assets to other titles such as American McGee 's Alice , Medal of Honor : Airborne , Tomb Raider : Legend , and 25 to Life , and are also the creators of '' Übertools '' for id Tech 3 , which has been licensed for a number of other games . On January 24 , 2007 , developer MumboJumbo announced the acquisition of Ritual Entertainment . With this acquisition , Ritual 's focus on traditional action-oriented games was changed to casual games , essentially `` stalling '' Ritual 's latest game series , SiN Episodes , after releasing only one episode out of a planned nine . The purchase followed months of departures of several key employees including chief executive officer Steve Nix who became director of business development at id Software , vice president and co-founder Tom Mustaine who left to found Escalation Studios . Several months after the acquisition , community relations manager Steve Hessel left the company to join Splash Damage . Prior to the announcement , on December 6 , 2006 , Ritual announced the appointment of Ken Harward as the company 's new studio director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bdeae296f32edcbeef714029a1d3a342", "text": "Corrupted Blood incident The Corrupted Blood incident was a virtual plague in the MMORPG World of Warcraft , which began on September 13 , 2005 , and lasted for one week . The epidemic began with the introduction of the new raid Zul ` Gurub and its end boss Hakkar the Soulflayer . When confronted and attacked , Hakkar would cast a hit point-draining and highly contagious debuff spell called Corrupted Blood on players . The spell , intended to last only seconds and function only within the new area of Zul ` Gurub , soon spread across the virtual world by way of an oversight that allowed pets and minions to take the affliction out of its intended confines . By both accidental and purposeful intent , a pandemic ensued that quickly killed lower-level characters and drastically changed normal gameplay , as players did what they could do to avoid infection . Despite measures such as programmer-imposed quarantines , and the players ' abandoning of densely populated cities ( or even just not playing the game ) , it lasted until a combination of patches and resets of the virtual world finally controlled the epidemic . The conditions and reactions of the event attracted the attention of epidemiologists for its implications of how human populations could react to a real-world epidemic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f197a5e1830a42fa4ce7422e42ebdd5", "text": "Multiplayer online game A multiplayer online game is a multiplayer video game which can be played via a game server over the internet , with other players around the world . Some prominent examples of this include fighting games ( e.g. Street Fighter IV and Tekken 6 ) , sports games ( e.g. NHL 14 and Grid Autosport ) , older online games ( e.g. Sega Meganet titles ) , first-person shooters ( Battlefield 2 , BZFlag , Call of Duty , Counter-Strike , Quake 3 , Resistance 3 and Unreal Tournament ) , a subgenre of shooter games called hero shooter ( Battleborn , Overwatch and Paladins ) , strategy video games ( e.g. Warcraft 3 and StarCraft or II ) and a subgenre of strategy games called multiplayer online battle arena ( e.g. Defense of the Ancients , League of Legends , Dota 2 and Heroes of the Storm ) . These games differ from massively multiplayer online game ( MMO ) in that they do not create a persistent world , but create a playing arena for the purpose of a single game or round . In other words , they rely on a game listen server used only for that round , and there can be numerous servers all around the world . MMO games on the other hand , rely on dedicated servers , as these games must be running continuously .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8debfd584b4ea09f7daf8ff0a954ddae", "text": "Xfire Xfire ( pronounced `` X-Fire '' ) was a proprietary freeware instant messaging service for gamers that also served as a game server browser with various other features . It was available for Microsoft Windows . Xfire was originally developed by Ultimate Arena based in Menlo Park , California . As of January 3 , 2014 , it had over 24 million registered users . Xfire 's Livestream ( formerly known as Mogulus ) allowed users to broadcast live video streams of their current game to an audience . The Xfire website also maintained a `` Top Ten '' games list , ranking games by the number of hours Xfire users spend playing each game every day . World of Warcraft had been the most played game for many years , but was surpassed by League of Legends on June 20 , 2011 . Xfire hosted events every month , which included debates , game tournaments , machinima contests , and chat sessions with Xfire or game developers . Xfire 's web based social media was discontinued on June 12 , 2015 , and the messaging client was shut down on June 27 , 2015 . The last of Xfire 's services were shut down on April 30 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a4cef110ecdb679c24fdcd612673fce", "text": "Gears of War Gears of War is a video game franchise created and originally owned by Epic Games , developed and managed by The Coalition , and owned and published by Microsoft Studios . The series focuses on the conflict between humanity , the subterranean reptilian hominids known as the Locust Horde , and their mutated counterparts , the Lambent & the Swarm . The franchise consists of five third-person shooter video games , which has also been supplemented by a comic book series and five novels . The first installment , titled Gears of War , was released on November 7 , 2006 for the Xbox 360 . The game follows protagonist Marcus Fenix , a soldier in the Coalition of Ordered Governments tasked to lead a last-ditch effort to destroy the Locust Horde and save humanity . Two subsequent titles , Gears of War 2 ( 2008 ) and Gears of War 3 ( 2011 ) , continued Fenix and humanity 's ongoing conflict with the Locust Horde and Lambent forces . In 2013 , Epic Games and Microsoft released Gears of War : Judgment , a prequel to the series ' first title , which instead focuses on Damon Baird , one of Fenix 's squad-mates . Gears of War : Ultimate Edition was released for Microsoft Windows on March 1 , 2016 . The series ' third sequel , Gears of War 4 , is set 25 years after Gears of War 3 and follows Marcus Fenix 's son , JD , as he battles new foes that threaten humanity . Gears of War was developed by Epic Games . Cliff Bleszinski , who has previously worked on Epic 's Unreal Tournament games , served the series ' lead game designer for the first three installments . He was inspired by gameplay elements from Resident Evil 4 , Kill Switch , and Bionic Commando . The series was also guided by Rod Fergusson , the executive producer and director of development of Epic Games until 2012 . The first four installments of the Gears of War series used a modified version of the Unreal Engine 3 engine . On January 27 , 2014 , Microsoft acquired all rights to the franchise from Epic Games . Canadian studio The Coalition developed Gears of War 4 , which was released on October 11 , 2016 for the Xbox One and Windows 10 . Gears of War became one of the best-selling franchises for the Xbox 360 . The series is well known for its emphasis on cover-based combat , in which players can use objects to avoid gunfire or safely engage enemies . All five installments in Gears of War featured several multiplayer modes that allowed players to compete against each other or team-up to battle AI opponents on Xbox Live . The Gears of War games have been amongst the most popular and most played titles on Xbox Live .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "70d18ae4820ef8aa50a814237beaaea7", "text": "Spellcraft: Aspects of Valor Spellcraft : Aspects of Valor is a strategy game by the relatively unknown developer , Asciisoft .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "478d5bcc1c0d29a3a747eb1d31f4babc", "text": "Chair Entertainment Chair Entertainment Group , LLC ( commonly referred to as Chair Entertainment , stylized as ChAIR ) is an American video game developer based in Salt Lake City , Utah .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "651849f103a73b62b8ce5c1b1dfffe87", "text": "Red Annihilation Red Annihilation was a Quake competitive eSport event held in May 1997 that was one of the first nationwide video game competition held in the United States . In the final match of the tournament , Dennis `` Thresh '' Fong defeated Tom `` Entropy '' Kimzey of Impulse 9 on the map Castle of the Damned . For winning the event , Fong was awarded John D. Carmack 's 1987 Ferrari 328 GTS cabriolet as the grand prize . The tournament was created first as Kings of Capture Quake Tournament started by Michael `` Hawthorne '' Shearon , after contacting Intergraph for possible sponsorship the tournament was folded into what became Red Annihilation . The tournament was then developed and organized by Rob Esterling , executive director overseeing Intergraph Computer Systems 's commercial and consumer graphics group , and his Intergraph team including Jim Terzian , the tournament 's director and Victor Johnson , the team 's Art Director . In 1996 , Microsoft 's DirectX group hosted game competitions , first at the Computer Game Developers Conference , then as a separate event , selecting the players and flying them in to compete . These Microsoft-hosted competitions might be seen as the first nationwide video game competitions held in the United States , as players came from throughout the country . When a further Microsoft DirectX-organized event , intended to be held at Naval Air Station Alameda , was cancelled , Intergraph announced it would host a tournament that would be an open , national computer game competition and chose Quake as the game to be played . Intergraph brought in Quake developer id Software , 3D computer graphics chipset maker Rendition , and online gaming company Mpath Interactive as partners in Red Annihilation . Will Bryant and Frank Cabanski of the Quake ClanRing were selected to operate the game competition because of their prior pioneering experience running large scale gaming tournaments . The initial phase of the tournament was held on Mpath 's MPlayer network with over 2000 participants from across the United States competing online in one-on-one matches . The top 16 players were flown to Atlanta , Georgia for the concluding phase of the tournament , where they competed inside the World Congress Center in a gaming arena Intergraph built on the floor of the Electronic Entertainment Expo ( E3 ) . This phase of the competition used vQuake , the hardware accelerated version of the game , played on Intergraph PC computers equipped with Rendition V1000-based Intense3D graphics accelerators . Players were able to use their own keyboards , mice and other pointing devices if they wished . As E3 was at the time an industry exhibition open to the trade only , most spectators watched the final competitions online via in-game cameras orchestrated by Bryant and Cabanski . The final morning of the tournament was also covered from the show floor by NBC 's Today and The Wall Street Journal . It was discovered during the award ceremony that tournament winner Fong , a student at De Anza College , would not be able to drive his prize as he was not insured for such a vehicle . Carmack agreed to underwrite Fong 's insurance for a year so the latter could enjoy his new car .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "bd37439f9611e0d0b8d97dec8132d202", "text": "American Idiot American Idiot is the seventh studio album by American rock band Green Day . Produced by Rob Cavallo , the album was released in the UK on September 20 , 2004 and in the US on September 21 , 2004 by Reprise Records . Green Day first achieved popularity in the 1990s with a string of successful albums . Following disappointing sales of their sixth album , Warning ( 2000 ) , the band took a break before recording their next album , titled Cigarettes and Valentines . The recording process was cut short when the album 's master tapes were stolen . Rather than re-record that material , the group decided to start over . A concept album and the world 's first `` punk rock opera , '' American Idiot follows the story of Jesus of Suburbia , an adolescent anti-hero who is divided between `` rage and love . '' Through its plot , the album expresses the disillusionment and dissent of a generation that came of age in a period shaped by many tumultuous events like the Iraq War . The album was inspired by several musicals and the work of The Who . Recording of American Idiot was split between two California studios between 2003 and 2004 . Its album art depicts a heart-shaped hand grenade . American Idiot marked a career comeback for Green Day following a period of decreased success . It charted in 27 countries , peaking at number one in 19 , and eventually sold 16 million copies worldwide . The album spawned five successful singles : `` American Idiot '' , `` Boulevard of Broken Dreams '' , `` Holiday '' , `` Wake Me Up When September Ends '' and `` Jesus of Suburbia '' . American Idiot was well received critically and won the Grammy Award for Best Rock Album in 2005 . Its success inspired a Broadway musical and an incomplete feature film adaptation . It has been praised in the years following its release , appearing on several year-end and decade-end lists .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d201daa29afd613993ea1ed97cf21f9", "text": "Green Day discography The American punk rock band Green Day has released 12 studio albums , two live albums , four compilation albums , one soundtrack album , four video albums , 10 extended plays , four box sets , 42 singles , ten promotional singles , and 39 music videos . The band has sold over 85 million records worldwide , including more than 30 million in the United States alone . Green Day released their first two studio albums , 1,039 / Smoothed Out Slappy Hours ( 1991 ) ( consisting of the original `` 39/Smooth '' as well as their first two EP 's `` 1,000 Hours '' and `` Slappy '' ) and Kerplunk ( 1991 ) , through the independent label Lookout ! Records before signing to major label Reprise Records . Dookie , the band 's first album on the label and third studio album overall , was released in February 1994 . It was a breakout success , selling over 10 million copies in the United States and 20 million copies worldwide . Dookie spawned five singles , including the international hits `` Longview '' , Basket Case '' and `` When I Come Around '' . The album placed Green Day at the forefront of the 1990s punk rock revival . Insomniac , the band 's fourth studio album , was released in October 1995 . While not as successful as Dookie , the album managed to peak at number two on the US Billboard 200 and received a double platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Nimrod followed in October 1997 ; it peaked at number ten on the Billboard 200 . Four singles were released from Nimrod ; the most successful of these was `` Good Riddance ( Time of Your Life ) '' , which hit the top ten in countries such as Australia and Canada . The band 's sixth studio album Warning was released in October 2000 to mild commercial success , peaking at number four on the Billboard 200 and only earning a gold certification from the RIAA . Their seventh studio album American Idiot reignited the band 's popularity with a younger generation . Becoming the band 's first album to top the Billboard 200 , American Idiot sold over six million copies in the United States , and over 14 million copies worldwide . The album spawned five commercially successful singles : `` American Idiot '' , `` Boulevard of Broken Dreams '' , `` Holiday '' , `` Wake Me Up When September Ends '' , and `` Jesus of Suburbia '' . The band 's eighth studio album 21st Century Breakdown followed in May 2009 , topping the Billboard 200 and being certified platinum by the RIAA . Two singles from the album -- `` Know Your Enemy '' and `` 21 Guns '' -- became top 40 hits on the US Billboard Hot 100 . A trilogy of studio albums -- ¡ Uno ! , ¡ Dos ! , and ¡ Tré ! -- were released toward the end of 2012 . ¡ Uno ! , ¡ Dos ! and ¡ Tré ! peaked at numbers two , nine and thirteen respectively on the Billboard 200 . In 2016 , another studio album , Revolution Radio was released and topped the Billboard 200 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "319f9cbf55fb073c69ee6aec1859493d", "text": "All the Small Things `` All the Small Things '' is a song by the American rock band Blink-182 . It was the second single released from the band 's third album Enema of the State ( 1999 ) . The track was composed primarily by guitarist and vocalist Tom DeLonge as both an ode to his girlfriend ( later wife ) Jennifer Jenkins and one of his favorite punk groups , the Ramones . Recorded in Los Angeles with producer Jerry Finn , the song was created with the intention of shipping it to radio , as the trio felt they needed a single `` really catchy and basic . '' The single was released in early 2000 and promptly charted worldwide , becoming a number one hit on Billboard 's Modern Rock Tracks chart , peaking at number two on the UK Singles Chart , and crossing over to pop radio and peaking at number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . The song remains the band 's most successful single to date . The song charted within the top 20 in ten other countries , and gained greater significance due to its accompanying music video , which parodies and mocks the boy bands Backstreet Boys and 'N Sync . The video was popular in rotation on MTV 's Total Request Live , leading to criticism from those who felt their basis for parody was thin . `` All the Small Things '' was selected by Rolling Stone as one of the `` 100 Greatest Pop Songs '' , and is listed in the 2010 book 1001 Songs You Must Hear Before You Die .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4bfa8e3def19b39a48733449dc650fc4", "text": "Big Ones Big Ones is one of the many compilation albums by the American rock band Aerosmith , released on November 1 , 1994 by Geffen Records ( see 1994 in music ) . Big Ones featured twelve hits from the band 's three consecutive multi-platinum albums , Permanent Vacation ( 1987 ) , Pump ( 1989 ) , and Get a Grip ( 1993 ) , as well as the hit `` Deuces are Wild '' from The Beavis and Butt-Head Experience ( 1993 ) , and two new songs , `` Blind Man '' and `` Walk on Water '' , which were recorded during a break in the band 's Get a Grip Tour . These songs were also included on the band 's 2001 compilation album Young Lust : The Aerosmith Anthology . Big Ones is the band 's second bestselling compilation album , reaching # 6 on the Billboard charts , and selling four million copies in the United States alone . The album quickly became a worldwide hit reaching the Top 10 in nine countries before the end of the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae42b565378713931ea8e28a043444a2", "text": "Idiot proof In modern English usage , the informal term idiot proof or foolproof describes designs which can not be misused either inherently , or by use of defensive design principles . The implication is that the design is usable even by someone of low intelligence who would not use it properly . The term fool proof originates in 1902 . The term idiot proof became popular in the 1970s . It may have been invented as a stronger-sounding version of foolproof , as the force of foolproof had declined due to frequent usage . Perhaps for the same reason , ` foolproof ' is now a formal term , whereas ` idiot proof ' remains informal . Both terms are originally adjectives ( `` a foolproof plan '' ) , but can be used as verbs ( `` foolproof this design '' ) . Several Murphy 's law adages claim that idiot proof systems can not be made , for example `` Nothing is foolproof to a sufficiently talented fool '' and `` If you make something idiot proof , someone will just make a better idiot . '' Along those lines , Douglas Adams wrote in Mostly Harmless , `` a common mistake that people make when trying to design something completely foolproof is to underestimate the ingenuity of complete fools . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ad08b4c7f4a93d54841125b9539fca8", "text": "Mistake (Stephanie McIntosh song) `` Mistake '' is a pop rock song by Stephanie McIntosh . It was released as the first single from her debut album Tightrope on 29 July 2006 . `` Mistake '' was written by Tom Nichols ( Lindsay Lohan , Jessica Simpson , Kylie Minogue ) and Rami Yacoub and Arnthor Birgisson ( Britney Spears , Backstreet Boys , * NSYNC ) and produced by the team at Maratone ( Kelly Clarkson , Jennifer Lopez , Britney Spears ) and Mixed by Niklas Flycht ( Britney Spears ) . The original title for `` Mistake '' was `` Another Mistake '' . `` Mistake '' was released as the debut single from Tightrope in the UK and Ireland , where it was released on 25 June 2007 with McIntosh promoting the album there in June 2007 . In its first week on the chart , `` Mistake '' entered the UK Singles Chart at # 168 , on downloads alone . Then after its physical release , it jumped 121 places to # 47 . It is her strongest single in and outside of Australia to date , although it did n't reach the top 40 anywhere outside Australia . `` Mistake '' is featured on the Australian version of the Bratz : Motion Picture Soundtrack . `` Mistake '' was also briefly used in two scenes in the Australian comedy show Summer Heights High .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5b2a5188d6098e6f9404d8f0f3d4aee", "text": "It Hits the Fan `` It Hits the Fan '' is the first episode of the fifth season of the American animated television series South Park , and the 66th episode of the series overall . It first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on June 20 , 2001 . In the episode , the word `` shit '' is said uncensored on television on the crime show Cop Drama . After this , everyone starts saying `` shit '' over and over , which eventually brings over a mysterious plague that unleashes the ancient Knights of Standards and Practices , and only Chef and the boys can save the world . The episode was written by series co-creator Trey Parker and is rated TV-MA-LV in the United States . Throughout the episode , the profanity `` shit '' or `` shitty '' are exclaimed uncensored a total of 162 separate times ; in syndicated or re-aired versions of this episode , a counter in the bottom left corner of the screen counts the number of times the word has been uttered . The written occurrences are not counted , but `` shit '' is written 38 times , which puts the `` shit `` s up to an even 200 . `` Shit '' is uttered roughly once every eight seconds ; one such count includes the episode 's theme song in the calculation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afc418c215cdd3149dcfa0b0f94c06d3", "text": "Joe's Garage Joe 's Garage is a three-part rock opera recorded by American musician Frank Zappa in 1979 . Originally released as two separate studio albums on Zappa Records , the project was later remastered and reissued as a triple album box set , Joe 's Garage , Acts I , II & III , in 1987 . The LPs initially received mixed to positive reviews , with critics praising its innovative and original music , but criticizing the scatological , sexual and profane nature of the lyrics . Since its original release , Joe 's Garage has been reappraised in a better light by some critics . Zappa self-deprecatingly described the album as a `` stupid little story about how the government is going to do away with music . '' The story is told by a character identified as the `` Central Scrutinizer '' narrating the story of Joe , an average adolescent male who forms a garage rock band , has unsatisfying relationships with women , gives all of his money to a government assisted and insincere religion , explores sexual activities with appliances , and is imprisoned . After being released from prison into a dystopian society in which music itself has been criminalized , he lapses into insanity . The album encompasses a large spectrum of musical styles , while its lyrics often feature satirical or humorous commentary on American society and politics . It addresses themes of individualism , free will , censorship , the music industry and human sexuality , while criticizing government and religion , and satirizing Catholicism and Scientology . Joe 's Garage is noted for its use of xenochrony , a recording technique that takes guitar solos from older live recordings and overdubs them onto new studio recordings . All of the guitar solos on the album are xenochronous except for `` Crew Slut '' and `` Watermelon in Easter Hay '' , a signature song that Zappa has described as the best song on the album , and according to his son Dweezil , the best guitar solo his father ever played .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4caf4bc378c43358b69bb34cfc449921", "text": "Stan Freberg Presents the United States of America Volume One: The Early Years Stan Freberg Presents The United States of America Volume One : The Early Years is an American comedy album with music and dialogue written by Stan Freberg , released as Capitol W/SW -1573 in 1961 . Freberg satirizes episodes of the history of the United States from 1492 until the end of the Revolutionary War in 1783 . The album combined dialogue and song in a musical theater format . Billy May orchestrated the music . In addition to Freberg , the cast included the following performers : Jesse White Peter Leeds Byron Kane Colleen Collins Helen Kleeb Shep Menken Walter Tetley Marvin Miller June Foray Barney Phillips Maurice Dallimore Peter Forster John Frank Paul Frees ( narrator ) Freberg used anachronistic and self-referential humour in these sketches , such as referring to the Fourth of July weekend in the `` Declaration of Independence '' sketch , Thanksgiving Day in the skit on `` Take an Indian to Lunch '' as well as the `` Thanksgiving Turkey '' portion , and Columbus Day in `` Columbus Discovers America '' . Freberg also referred to McCarthyism in the `` Declaration of Independence '' sketch , where Benjamin Franklin says , `` You ... sign a harmless petition , and forget all about it ; ten years later , you get hauled up before a committee . '' Admirers of this album have included Steven Spielberg , Richard Dreyfuss and Paul McCartney . Dr. Demento 's listeners have repeatedly voted The United States of America as the greatest comedy album of all time . Stan Freberg Presents The United States of America , Volume Two was planned for a release during America 's Bicentennial in 1976 , but did not emerge until 1996 . In his autobiography , Freberg detailed his efforts to have the songs and skits produced on Broadway ; when this failed , he used material omitted from the original album in the sequel . A third volume was planned . Due to the death of Freberg 's wife , Donna , and Freberg 's personal health problems , the project was shelved .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b052c6346d0867b2aa97c962539d2802", "text": "Singles 1971–2006 Singles 1971 -- 2006 is a box set compilation of singles by The Rolling Stones spanning the years 1971 to 2006 . It covers their output with both Rolling Stones Records and Virgin Records labels . A sequel of sorts to ABKCO 's three boxes of singles replicas from the mid-2000s ( Singles 1963 -- 1965 , Singles 1965 -- 1967 , Singles 1968 -- 1971 ) , Universal 's The Singles : 1971 -- 2006 is a 45-disc box set that offers single replicas of every 45 the Rolling Stones released between Sticky Fingers and A Bigger Bang . This first edition of the set contained a skip around the 4-second mark on the B-side , `` I Think I 'm Going Mad '' . The error was fixed in a subsequent edition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68d091148032621d5c62cf25222dc6bf", "text": "Slang (Def Leppard song) `` Slang '' is a 1996 song by British rock band Def Leppard from their gold album Slang . It reached # 17 on the UK Singles Chart . The song is the only one from its parent album to be played after the Slang World Tour of 1996 to 1997 , with Def Leppard performing the song most recently during their Viva ! Hysteria concert residency of Las Vegas in 2013 . In reference to the song , lead singer Elliot said in the album 's commentary that Slang is `` a bit of a throwback to -LSB- Def Leppard 's -RSB- original sound , in other words loads and loads of backing vocals '' and said that `` live , this song has always been a favourite with fans '' . The single cover features the Def Leppard logo ( the 1995 variation ) but Slang did not feature the logo in any variation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b948aeb91ffbe8294562c3cce4bc6093", "text": "Original Prankster `` Original Prankster '' is a song by American rock band The Offspring , released from their sixth studio album Conspiracy of One and was released as the first single from the album in October 2000 . The song features additional vocals by Redman and is included on the band 's 2005 Greatest Hits album . Prior to the release of Conspiracy of One , The Offspring distributed the track for free as a downloadable MP3 file on their official website . A competition was held , featuring a prize of $ 1 million ( USD ) which was awarded to a randomly selected participant who downloaded the song . `` Original Prankster '' reached the top 10 in some countries including Australia , Canada and the United Kingdom , and went top 10 on US Rock radio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e4c4194f33675c249c256eed33496c6", "text": "American Slang American Slang is the third studio album by New Jersey -- based rock group The Gaslight Anthem . It was released on June 15 , 2010 on SideOneDummy Records , which released their previous album , The '59 Sound . The album was produced by ` The '59 Sound producer Ted Hutt .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a039ec616ea787978c6c98a5b7f41003", "text": "Don't Be Stupid (You Know I Love You) `` Do n't Be Stupid ( You Know I Love You ) '' is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian country music recording artist Shania Twain . It was released in November 1997 as the second single from Twain 's album Come On Over but was the seventh to be released to international markets . The song was written by Mutt Lange and Shania Twain . The single peaked at number six on the Billboard country singles chart , becoming Twain 's sixth top-ten hit on that chart . The song was later released as her last single to European and Australian markets in 2000 . `` Do n't Be Stupid ( You Know I Love You ) '' , which reached # 5 in the UK in 2000 , was included on the 2004 Greatest Hits package .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "639f9bf9eac151c82e305b2f828e4a1b", "text": "Hit That `` Hit That '' is a pop punk song released by the American punk rock band The Offspring . The song is featured as the fourth track on the band 's seventh studio album Splinter ( 2003 ) and was released as the first single from the album . The song also appears as the 13th track on their Greatest Hits ( 2005 ) . `` Hit That '' was released to radio on November 4 , 2003 . The single was first released in the U.S. and Australia in December 2003 , and in the UK in January 2004 . The song also reached the top 20 on the Australian ARIAnet Singles Chart and the UK Singles Chart ( No. 13 and No. 11 respectively ) , and No. 64 on the Billboard Hot 100 Singles Chart . The song also topped the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart , proving to be one of their most successful singles for a while . This was the first time an Offspring song would hit No. 1 on that chart since their breakthrough single `` Come Out and Play '' was released a decade earlier in 1994 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5dd26717a6a403cb827f5ec4e1986cd", "text": "Country Grammar Country Grammar is the debut studio album by American rapper Nelly . It was released on June 27 , 2000 , by Universal Records ( who released the album after listening to demos by Nelly , before signing a record deal with the rapper in 1999 ) . The production on the album was handled by Jason `` Jay E '' Epperson , with additional production by C-Love , Kevin Law , City Spud , Steve `` Blast '' Wills and Basement Beats . Nelly contributed to all lyrics on the album , with Epperson and City Spud also contributing . The album introduced a unique Saint Louis , Midwestern sound , and introduces Nelly 's vocal style of pop-rap singalongs and Midwestern , Missouri twang . It was supported four successful singles : `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , `` E.I. '' , `` Ride wit Me '' and `` Batter Up '' . Its lead single , `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , peaked at number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 and UK Singles Chart . `` E.I. '' charted at number 16 , number 12 and number 11 on the Hot 100 , UK Singles Chart and ARIA Singles Chart , respectively . `` Ride wit Me '' peaked within the top five on the Hot 100 , ARIA Singles Chart , Irish Singles Chart and UK Singles Chart . The album 's fourth and final single , `` Batter Up '' featuring Murphy Lee and Ali , achieved moderate chart success . Country Grammar received positive reviews , with critics praising Nelly 's vocal style and the album 's production . It topped the US Billboard 200 chart for five consecutive weeks , and the US Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart for six consecutive weeks . It peaked in the top five on the New Zealand Albums Chart and Australian Albums Chart , as well as the top ten on the Canadian Albums Chart and Dutch Albums Chart . The album was certified three times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand ( RIANZ ) and Music Canada ( MC ) , denoting shipments of 45,000 and 300,000 copies , respectively . In 2016 , Country Grammar became the ninth hip hop album to be certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipment of 10 million copies in the US . Its commercial success secured Nelly 's status as one of the most successful hip hop acts of the 2000s decade . On Billboard decade-end chart , Nelly ranked as the third most successful act of the 2000s decade , due largely to the success of Country Grammar and his follow-up album Nellyville ( 2002 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "782dfe93dd44c2d0a2185636104a6b1f", "text": "American Spring (Anti-Flag album) American Spring is Anti-Flag 's ninth studio album . The album was released on May 26 , 2015 . The album marks the band 's first release for Spinefarm Records after releasing their previous two albums on SideOneDummy Records . A lyric music video for the album 's first single , `` Fabled World '' was released in March 2015 . The second single `` Sky Is Falling '' was released a month later . On May 19 , A music video for Brandenburg Gate was released .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72b90efea620af4e5908c253b0b3bfa6", "text": "American Recordings (record label) American Recordings is a Los Angeles-based record label headed by record producer Rick Rubin . Formerly known as Def American Recordings , the label has been home to Slayer , the Black Crowes , ZZ Top , Danzig , Trouble , Tom Petty , Johnny Cash , The Mother Hips , and System of a Down , among others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a9885a8c3977ef36f75e9c2a16897e08", "text": "American Tune `` American Tune '' is a song by the American singer-songwriter Paul Simon . It was the third single from his third studio album , There Goes Rhymin ' Simon ( 1973 ) , released on Columbia Records . The song , a meditation on the American experience , is based on a melody line from a chorale from Johann Sebastian Bach 's St Matthew Passion . The song reached number 35 on the Billboard Hot 100 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b93b8e03d902d34dacdafbe85407287e", "text": "Idiotest Idiotest ( a portmanteau of `` idiot '' and `` test '' and stylized as Id!otest ) is an American television game show broadcast by Game Show Network ( GSN ) . Hosted by Ben Gleib , the series features contestants in teams of two competing to answer brain teaser and puzzle questions . The winning team advances to a bonus round for an opportunity to increase their winnings to $ 10,000 . The series was announced at GSN 's upfront presentation in March 2014 ; the first episode premiered on August 12 of that year . Critical reception for the series has been mixed ; one writer called it `` enjoyable '' while another called it `` uninteresting . '' Additionally , GSN released an online game midway through the first season that allows users to answer questions from the series ' past episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b07fd704f2e4d908112e40af07e8d0a3", "text": "American Jesus `` American Jesus '' is the first single by Bad Religion from their 1993 album Recipe for Hate . It was their second all-time single since their signing to Atlantic Records . Eddie Vedder of Pearl Jam provides backing vocals on the track .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c8d662e17d05fa16278eba69bc50fc31", "text": "One World Trade Center One World Trade Center ( also known as 1 World Trade Center , 1 WTC or Freedom Tower ) is the main building of the rebuilt World Trade Center complex in Lower Manhattan , New York City . It is the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere , and the sixth-tallest in the world . The supertall structure has the same name as the North Tower of the original World Trade Center , which was completely destroyed in the terrorist attacks of September 11 , 2001 . The new skyscraper stands on the northwest corner of the 16 acre World Trade Center site , on the site of the original 6 World Trade Center . The building is bounded by West Street to the west , Vesey Street to the north , Fulton Street to the south , and Washington Street to the east . The building 's architect was David Childs , whose firm Skidmore , Owings & Merrill ( SOM ) also designed the Burj Khalifa and the Willis Tower . The construction of below-ground utility relocations , footings , and foundations for the new building began on April 27 , 2006 . One World Trade Center became the tallest structure in New York City on April 30 , 2012 , when it surpassed the height of the Empire State Building . The tower 's steel structure was topped out on August 30 , 2012 . On May 10 , 2013 , the final component of the skyscraper 's spire was installed , making the building , including its spire , reach a total height of 1776 ft. Its height in feet is a deliberate reference to the year when the United States Declaration of Independence was signed . The building opened on November 3 , 2014 ; the One World Observatory opened on May 29 , 2015 . On March 26 , 2009 , the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey ( PANYNJ ) confirmed that the building would be officially known by its legal name of `` One World Trade Center '' , rather than its colloquial name of `` Freedom Tower '' . The building is 104 standard floors high , but the tower has only 94 actual stories . The new World Trade Center complex will eventually include five high-rise office buildings built along Greenwich Street , as well as the National September 11 Memorial & Museum , located just south of One World Trade Center where the original Twin Towers stood . The construction of the new building is part of an effort to memorialize and rebuild following the destruction of the original World Trade Center complex .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "767f69b185b5f2962844f784165835f4", "text": "List of tallest buildings in Las Vegas The city of Las Vegas , Nevada and its surrounding unincorporated communities in the Las Vegas Valley are the sites of more than 160 high-rises , 42 of which stand taller than 400 ft. The tallest structure in the city is the Stratosphere Tower , which rises 1149 ft just north of the Las Vegas Strip . The tower is also the tallest observation tower in the United States . Since the Stratosphere Tower is not fully habitable , however , it is not considered a building . The tallest building in Las Vegas is the Fontainebleau Resort Las Vegas , which rises 735 ft and was topped out in November 2008 . This building , however , is currently on hold . The tallest completed building in the city is the 52-story Palazzo , which rises 642 ft and was completed in 2007 . The history of skyscrapers in Las Vegas began with the 1954 completion of the Castaways Hotel and Casino in Downtown Las Vegas ; the 216 ft structure stood as the tallest building in the city until 1961 , and was demolished in 2006 . Beginning with the completion of the Diamond of the Dunes Tower in 1961 , high-rise hotels began to become more concentrated on the Las Vegas Strip . The first high-rise hotel and casino resort to rise higher than 492 ft was the 529 ft New York-New York Hotel & Casino , completed in 1997 . Las Vegas entered into a skyscraper-building boom in the late 1990s that has continued to the present ; of the city 's 40 tallest skyscrapers , 39 were completed after 1997 . As of 2012 , the skyline of Las Vegas is ranked 66th in the world and 18th in the United States with 176 completed high-rises . In what is being dubbed a `` Manhattanization wave '' , there are over 30 skyscrapers that are proposed , approved or under construction in the city that are planned to rise over 400 ft in height . The tallest building approved for the city is the World Jewelry Center , which is planned for construction in Downtown Las Vegas . The 815 ft tower is part of a proposal to construct a hub for the world 's jewelry industry , across from World Market Center Las Vegas . The tallest building under construction in Las Vegas is the Fontainebleau Resort Las Vegas , which has also been the tallest building in the city since its topping out in November 2008 ; construction on the building was suspended in mid-2009 and is currently on hold under owner Carl Icahn . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9cb2a7f8d032c99a78a9dc3a1f7dc097", "text": "Dubai World Trade Centre The Dubai World Trade Centre ( DWTC ) , was inaugurated in 1979 . It is a purpose-built complex for events and exhibitions . The building is featured on the 100 Dirham bank note . With over 1.3 million square feet of covered exhibition and event space , comprising 21 halls and over 40 meeting rooms across 3 floors , Dubai World Trade Centre hosts over 500 events annually . In 2015 , the venue held 396 trade events and welcomed over 2.74 million visitors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b036ad1896b9a2ec4b84ab93e9f9ba6", "text": "World Trade Center Trabzon World Trade Center Trabzon ( AWTCT ) ( Trabzon Dünya Ticaret Merkezi , AWTCT ) is under development by Armada Holding Sti ( part of Armada Group ) by Build-Operate-Transfer ( BOT ) agreement with Trabzon Dünya Ticaret Merkezi A.Ş . . The construction started in December 2016 and expected to be completed in 18 months When completed it is expected to have 4 and 5 Star Hotels and to organizes trade delegation programs , operates fair areas and offers Office , Convention and Meeting Halls . The complex of World Trade Center Trabzon is situated close to Trabzon Airport .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df283e94846d4c17fc67a28471bc7fff", "text": "63 Building The 63 Building ( Korean : 63 빌딩 or 육삼 빌딩 ) , officially called 63 SQUARE ( formerly Hanhwa 63 City ) , is a skyscraper on Yeouido island , overlooking the Han River in Seoul , South Korea . It was designed by the American architectural firm Skidmore , Owings & Merrill ( SOM ) . At 250 meters ( 819 ft ) high , it was the tallest building outside North America when it opened in July 1985 , and remains the tallest gold-clad structure in the world . It stood as South Korea 's tallest building until the Hyperion Tower surpassed it in 2003 , but remained the country 's tallest commercial building until the Northeast Asia Trade Tower was topped-out in 2009 . The 63 Building was built as a landmark for the 1988 Summer Olympics . 63 is something of a misnomer since only 60 floors are above ground level . Floors 61-63 are restricted areas . The skyscraper is the headquarters of Korea Life Insurance , Industrial Bank of Korea Securities , and other major financial companies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc0782247a282e5f59ef4038cf8cc107", "text": "World Trade Center Islamabad World Trade Center Islamabad is a mixed-use 14 story development located on the G.T road , DHA , Islamabad , Pakistan affiliated with the World Trade Centers Association . The development includes a three story shopping mall including a 150,000 sqft . Carrefour , six story office tower and a 267 room four-star hotel . The project is owned by Dubai based Al Ghurair Giga Group and is contracted to NESPAK . The complex opened on August 17 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4233c9893827097ade021369f2b240b6", "text": "Construction of One World Trade Center Construction of One World Trade Center was deferred until 2006 because of disputes between the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and the developer . Tishman Realty & Construction is the selected builder . The building reached ground level on May 17 , 2008 , and was topped out on May 10 , 2013 . One World Trade Center opened to tenants on November 3 , 2014 , and One World Observatory opened to the public on May 29 , 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93b4fd3401dac57df784d9c8f8e20700", "text": "List of tallest buildings in Philadelphia Philadelphia , the largest city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania , is home to 389 completed high-rises , 32 of which stand taller than 400 ft. The tallest building in the city is currently the 58-story Comcast Center , which rises 975 ft in Center City . Comcast Center is also the tallest building in Pennsylvania and the 20th-tallest building in the United States . The second-tallest building is One Liberty Place , which rises 61 floors and 945 ft. One Liberty Place stood as the tallest building in Pennsylvania for over 20 years until the completion of Comcast Center in 2008 . Overall , seven of the ten tallest buildings in Pennsylvania are in Philadelphia , with the remainder being in Pittsburgh . Philadelphia is one of only five American cities with two or more completed buildings over 900 ft tall . Philadelphia 's history of tall buildings is generally thought to have begun with the 1754 addition of the steeple to Christ Church , which was one of America 's first high-rise structures . Through most of the 20th century , a `` gentlemen 's agreement '' prevented buildings from rising higher than the 548-ft ( 167-m ) Philadelphia City Hall . Despite this , Philadelphia amassed a large collection of high-rise buildings . The completion of One Liberty Place in 1987 broke the agreement , and Philadelphia has since seen the construction of eight skyscrapers that eclipse City Hall in height . Philadelphia has twice held the tallest habitable building in North America , first with Christ Church , then with City Hall . The latter reigned as the world 's tallest building from 1894 to 1908 , and is currently the world 's second-tallest masonry building , only 1.6 ft shorter than Mole Antonelliana in Turin . Like other large American cities , Philadelphia went through a massive building boom in the 1970s and 1980s , resulting in the completion of over 20 high-rise buildings . , there are several major high-rise construction projects underway in Philadelphia . The largest of these projects is the Comcast Innovation and Technology Center , which began construction in 2014 and will rise 1121 ft upon completion . The Comcast Innovation and Technology Center will surpass Comcast Center by over 100 ft to become the tallest skyscraper in Pennsylvania and the tallest building in the country outside of New York and Chicago . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab2bbc73b67c81e1fbe49705440e1334", "text": "111 Eighth Avenue 111 Eighth Avenue is a full-block Art Deco multi-use building located between Eighth and Ninth Avenues , and 15th and 16th Streets in the Chelsea neighborhood of the Manhattan borough of New York City . At 2.9 e6sqft , it is currently the city 's fourth largest building in terms of floor area . It was the largest building until 1963 when the 3.14 e6sqft MetLife Building opened . The World Trade Center ( which opened in 1970 -- 71 ) and 55 Water Street 3.5 e6sqft , which opened in 1972 , were also larger but the World Trade Center was destroyed in 2001 . When the 3.5 e6sqft One World Trade Center opened in 2014 , 111 became the city 's fourth largest building . The building , which has been owned by Google since 2010 , is one of the largest technology-owned office buildings in the world . It is also larger than Apple Inc. 's new circular `` spaceship '' ( 2.8 e6sqft ) headquarters being built in Cupertino , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "404db10806f8f148beaafb67f2579848", "text": "One World One World may refer to :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a915ba7bc3975af53321fc1e04b7020a", "text": "Taipei 101 / World Trade Center Station The Taipei Metro Taipei 101 / World Trade Center Station is located in the Xinyi District in Taipei , Taiwan . It is a station on the Red Line and began revenue service on November 24 , 2013 with the opening of the Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall - Xiangshan route section .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44acc66673b6296fa08c14489602b25e", "text": "One57 One57 , formerly known as Carnegie 57 and nicknamed `` The Billionaire Building '' , is a 75-story ( marketed as 90-story ) supertall skyscraper at 157 West 57th Street between Sixth and Seventh Avenues in the Midtown neighborhood of Manhattan , New York City . Upon completion in 2014 , it stood at 1,005 ft tall , making it the tallest residential building in the city for a few months until the completion of 432 Park Avenue . The building has 92 condominium units on top of a new Park Hyatt Hotel with 210 rooms , which is set to become the flagship Hyatt property . The building 's developer is Extell Development Company , and the contractor was Lend Lease Project Management & Construction , As of January 2015 , it is home to the most expensive residence ever sold in New York City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21c47912237c0222b4f6663547a71b2f", "text": "3 World Trade Center 3 World Trade Center ( also known as 175 Greenwich Street ) is a skyscraper under construction as part of the rebuilding of the World Trade Center site in Lower Manhattan , New York City . The project lies on the east side of Greenwich Street , across the street from the previous location of the Twin Towers , which were destroyed during the September 11 attacks in 2001 . Pritzker Prize-winning architect Richard Rogers , of Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners , was awarded the contract to design the building , which will have a height of 1079 ft with 80 stories . , the building 's concrete core is topped out to maximum height , with the perimeter steel structure topped out on October 6 , 2016 . The building is scheduled to be completed in 2018 . Marriott World Trade Center was previously located at the address until its destruction in 2001 . It was a 22-story steel-frame hotel with 825 rooms . It had a roof height of 242 ft. Construction began in 1979 and it opened in July 1981 as the Vista International Hotel . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb251b929dac1469923ca6ec3e5d8ea7", "text": "International Freedom Center The International Freedom Center ( IFC ) was a proposed museum to be located adjacent to the site of Ground Zero at the former World Trade Center in New York City , USA . It was selected in 2004 to comprise a `` cultural space '' near to the memorial for victims of the September 11 attacks , called Reflecting Absence . However , opponents reacted against the IFC 's mission , saying that plans to promote international freedom through exhibits and displays about various genocides and crimes against humanity through history , including genocide of Native American and the slave trade in the United States , were inappropriate at a site that many people consider to be sacred . On September 28 , 2005 , New York Governor George E. Pataki barred the IFC from the World Trade Center site . '' George Soros , Tom Bernstein , Anthony Romero , and Eric Foner were promoters of the IFC . Within an hour of being barred from the WTC site , the IFC museum declared itself to be out of business , making no effort to find a new location . `` We do not believe there is a viable alternative place for the I.F.C. at the World Trade Center site , '' said the statement from the center 's executives , Tom Bernstein , Peter Kunhardt and Richard Tofel . `` We consider our work , therefore , to have been brought to an end . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f609f6e7bb4957b725234906dffe3aa7", "text": "John Hancock Center The John Hancock Center is a 100-story , 1,128-foot ( 343.7 m ) supertall skyscraper at 875 North Michigan Avenue , Chicago , Illinois , United States . It was constructed under the supervision of Skidmore , Owings and Merrill , with chief designer Bruce Graham and structural engineer Fazlur Khan . When the building topped out on May 6 , 1968 , it was the second tallest building in the world and the tallest outside of New York City . It is currently the fourth-tallest building in Chicago and the eighth-tallest in the United States , after One World Trade Center , the Willis Tower , 432 Park Avenue , the Trump Tower Chicago , the Empire State Building , the Bank of America Tower , and the Aon Center . When measured to the top of its antenna masts , it stands at 1500 ft. The building is home to offices and restaurants , as well as about 700 condominiums , and contains the third highest residence in the world , after the Burj Khalifa in Dubai and the Trump Tower in Chicago . The building was named for John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company , a developer and original tenant of the building . From the 95th floor restaurant , diners can look out at Chicago and Lake Michigan . The Observatory ( 360 Chicago ) , which competes with the Willis Tower 's Skydeck , has a 360 ° view of the city , up to four states , and a distance of over 80 mi . The Observatory has Chicago 's only open-air SkyWalk and also features a free multimedia tour in six languages . The 44th-floor sky lobby features America 's highest indoor swimming pool .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7721a3ff8860039026e8d4f61319a0f1", "text": "Kostabi World Trade Center The Kostabi World Trade Center was an envisioned building in New York City , United States . Designed by Mark Kostabi in the 1990s , it would have had 160 floors and would have been 2,000 feet ( 609.6 m ) high . It was one of the many ideas for the World Trade Center site . The Floor plates at the base of the building contain more than 200,000 square feet . It was proposed in the late 1990s as the world 's tallest building by developer Mark Kostabi . Structural types : highrise , sphere Architectural style : postmodern Material : glass", "title": "" }, { "docid": "711118dbb12557d48a6177b5759b72f5", "text": "Twin Towers 2 The Twin Towers II ( also known as Twin Towers 2 and New Twin Towers , Trump Twin Towers and World Trade Center Phoenix ) was a proposed twin-towered supertall skyscraper complex which would have been located at the World Trade Center site in Manhattan , New York City . The proposed complex would have replaced the former Twin Towers of the World Trade Center destroyed in the September 11 attacks , restoring the skyline of the city to its former state . The main design for the proposed complex would feature new landmark twin towers , identical to the originals designed by Minoru Yamasaki , , though it would feature 115 stories -- 5 floors taller than the originals , among other differences . Beside the towers , an above-ground memorial would have occupied the footprints of the original towers . The new site would also have featured three 12-story buildings , replacing towers Three , Four and Five World Trade Center . The complex was designed and developed by American architect Herbert Belton and American engineer Kenneth Gardner , and sponsored by real estate mogul and businessman Donald Trump .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d0753156361dab3403fd5dcf24f99c5", "text": "Moscow International Business Center The Moscow International Business Center ( MIBC ) , also known as `` Moscow City '' , ( Московский международный деловой центр `` Москва-Сити '' , Moskovskiy mezhdunarodnıy delovoy tsentr `` Moskva-Citi '' ) is a commercial district in central Moscow , Russia . Located east of the Third Ring Road in the Presnensky District of Central Administrative Okrug , the Moscow City area is currently under development . Construction of the MIBC takes place on the Presnenskaya embankment of the Moscow River , approximately 4 km west of Red Square , and just east of the Third Ring Road . The project occupies an area of 60 hectares , with the territory chosen being the only area in central Moscow that can accommodate such a project . The MIBC is expected to become the first zone in Russia to combine business activity , living space and entertainment in one single development . The Moscow government first conceived the project in 1992 . An estimated 250,000 -- 300,000 people will be working in , living in , or visiting the complex at any given time . MIBC includes 6 skyscrapers with maximum height of 300 meters or more ( Shanghai has 5 , Hong Kong has 6 , Chicago has 6 , New York has 8 ) . Europe 's tallest building , the Federation Tower , is in the MIBC . The complex also includes the second-tallest , third-tallest , fifth-tallest , sixth-tallest , and seventh-tallest buildings in Europe . By 2016 twelve of twenty-three planned facilities of MIBC were already built , seven buildings are in construction and four are in the design stage . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "002e17074fb1667e769da24973014289", "text": "Chongqing World Trade Center The Chongqing World Trade Center ( WTCC , 重庆世界贸易中心 ) is a 283.1 metre ( 929 foot ) tall skyscraper located in the Jiefangbei CBD area of Chongqing , China . The building was completed in 2005 after three years of construction beginning in 2002 and topping out in 2004 . The building has 60 floors which can all be accessed by 12 elevators . There are also two underground floors used as car park . CRT Metro Line 2 has an exit at Linjiangmen Station in the World Trade Center 's retail podium . The Chongqing World Trade Center is currently the 54th tallest existing skyscraper in the world when measured up to the spire and is the fourth tallest building in Western China ( since being recently eclipsed by several other towers also in Chongqing ) . The building is 262 metres tall when not including the spire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5492bfd13c8f750355c5a8455c7f47b", "text": "HSBC Tower (Midtown Manhattan) The HSBC Tower is a 30-story office building located at 452 Fifth Avenue overlooking the New York Public Library and Bryant Park , on the southwest corner of 40th Street and Fifth Avenue in Midtown Manhattan . The building , completed in 1984 , is 400 ft tall and has 30 stories . Since April 2010 it is owned by Property & Building Corporation ( PBC ) . The firm bought the property from Midtown Equities and Israeli holding company IDB Group for $ 330 million in a lease-back deal . Asking rents at this Class A building are over $ 100 per square foot , according to the New York Observer , which make it amongst one of 80 buildings in New York City achieving triple digit rents . Originally it was planned as part of a project consisting of two symmetrical towers facing each other on either side of the avenue to create a major gateway to lower Fifth Avenue . The building incorporates the new tower to three pre-existing buildings , one of which is the 10-story landmark Beaux-Arts Knox Building ( 1902 ) that served as the original headquarters for Republic National Bank of New York .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d03b001dec00eeceb33c580955fc7d1b", "text": "C. D. Howe Building The C.D. Howe Building ( French : Édifice C.D.-Howe ) is an office tower in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada , that is the home of Innovation , Science and Economic Development Canada , the Office of the Auditor General and other smaller tenants . It was built by Olympia and York . The federal government sold the land to O&Y for a dollar and signed an agreement to lease the final building for a set rate until 2012 . The eleven-story building was opened in 1978 . It was named after C. D. Howe , a noted federal minister in the 1930s , 1940s and 1950s . It is located at the prominent intersection of Bank Street and Sparks Street . The lower levels of the building contain a shopping mall named 240 Sparks . The mall covers 3 floors with 50 stores including a Holt Renfrew store ( closed 2015 ) . The most notable element of the building 's interior is the amount of greenery and the large waterfall . Public Works and Government Services greened the rooftop to address environmental concerns including energy conservation , storm water management , biodiversity , and air quality , and to provide the occupants a landscaped tranquil outdoor space . More than 30 % of the roof is landscaped and grows indigenous flowers , grasses and shrubs . Another 30 % of the rooftop uses green roof technology . The C.D. Howe Building was included amongst other architecturally interesting and historically significant buildings in Doors Open Ottawa in both 2012 and 2014 . The two elevator banks contain two storey tall cars that rise in a large atrium that stretches the entire height of the building . The C.D. Howe Building was recognized by the Building Owners and Managers Association ( BOMA ) as the `` Government Office Building of the Year - Canada '' in 1997/98 for excellence in management . The award was presented to the Property Manager , Ronald Vadeboncoeur RPA , FMA , CPM in Halifax , Nova Scotia . He accepted on behalf of his team , including key members : Sue Baxter , Barry O'Regan , Paul Anderson , Celine Maisonneuve , Pierre Boucher and Frank Donovan .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "ece4c6837e22d26afb3ae689ec0a71e5", "text": "World War II World War II ( often abbreviated to WWII or WW2 ) , also known as the Second World War , was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945 , although related conflicts began earlier . It involved the vast majority of the world 's countries -- including all of the great powers -- eventually forming two opposing military alliances : the Allies and the Axis . It was the most widespread war in history , and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries . In a state of `` total war '' , the major participants threw their entire economic , industrial , and scientific capabilities behind the war effort , erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources . Marked by mass deaths of civilians , including the Holocaust ( in which approximately 11 million people were killed ) and the strategic bombing of industrial and population centres ( in which approximately one million were killed , and which included the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki ) , it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities . These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history . The Empire of Japan aimed to dominate Asia and the Pacific and was already at war with the Republic of China in 1937 , but the world war is generally said to have begun on 1 September 1939 with the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany and subsequent declarations of war on Germany by France and the United Kingdom . Supplied by the Soviet Union , from late 1939 to early 1941 , in a series of campaigns and treaties , Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe , and formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan . Under the Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939 , Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned and annexed territories of their European neighbours , Poland , Finland , Romania and the Baltic states . The war continued primarily between the European Axis powers and the coalition of the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth , with campaigns including the North Africa and East Africa campaigns , the aerial Battle of Britain , the Blitz bombing campaign , the Balkan Campaign as well as the long-running Battle of the Atlantic . On 22 June 1941 , the European Axis powers launched an invasion of the Soviet Union , opening the largest land theatre of war in history , which trapped the major part of the Axis ' military forces into a war of attrition . In December 1941 , Japan attacked the United States and European colonies in the Pacific Ocean , and quickly conquered much of the Western Pacific . The Axis advance halted in 1942 when Japan lost the critical Battle of Midway , near Hawaii , and Germany was defeated in North Africa and then , decisively , at Stalingrad in the Soviet Union . In 1943 , with a series of German defeats on the Eastern Front , the Allied invasion of Sicily and the Allied invasion of Italy which brought about Italian surrender , and Allied victories in the Pacific , the Axis lost the initiative and undertook strategic retreat on all fronts . In 1944 , the Western Allies invaded German-occupied France , while the Soviet Union regained all of its territorial losses and invaded Germany and its allies . During 1944 and 1945 the Japanese suffered major reverses in mainland Asia in South Central China and Burma , while the Allies crippled the Japanese Navy and captured key Western Pacific islands . The war in Europe concluded with an invasion of Germany by the Western Allies and the Soviet Union , culminating in the capture of Berlin by Soviet troops and the subsequent German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945 . Following the Potsdam Declaration by the Allies on 26 July 1945 and the refusal of Japan to surrender under its terms , the United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 August and 9 August respectively . With an invasion of the Japanese archipelago imminent , the possibility of additional atomic bombings , and the Soviet Union 's declaration of war on Japan and invasion of Manchuria , Japan surrendered on 15 August 1945 . Thus ended the war in Asia , cementing the total victory of the Allies . World War II altered the political alignment and social structure of the world . The United Nations ( UN ) was established to foster international co-operation and prevent future conflicts . The victorious great powers -- the United States , the Soviet Union , China , the United Kingdom , and France -- became the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council . The Soviet Union and the United States emerged as rival superpowers , setting the stage for the Cold War , which lasted for the next 46 years . Meanwhile , the influence of European great powers waned , while the decolonisation of Asia and Africa began . Most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery . Political integration , especially in Europe , emerged as an effort to end pre-war enmities and to create a common identity .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "143c87815bc6a523056ec6181ee38be3", "text": "United States Navy in World War II The United States Navy grew rapidly during World War II from 1941 -- 45 , and played the central role in the war against Japan , and ( after the British Royal Navy ) a major role in the European war against Germany and Italy . The U.S. Navy grew into a formidable force in the years prior to World War II , with battleship production being restarted in 1937 , commencing with the . It was able to add to its fleets during the early years of the war while the US was still neutral , increasing production of vessels both large and small , deploying a navy of nearly 350 major combatant ships by December 1941 and having an equal number under construction . The Imperial Japanese Navy ( IJN ) sought naval superiority in the Pacific by sinking the main American battle fleet at Pearl Harbor , which was built around its battleships . The December 1941 surprise attack on Pearl Harbor did knock out the battle fleet , but it did not touch the aircraft carriers , which became the mainstay of the rebuilt fleet . Naval doctrine had to be changed overnight . The United States Navy ( like the IJN ) had followed Alfred Thayer Mahan 's emphasis on concentrated groups of battleships as the main offensive naval weapons . The loss of the battleships at Pearl Harbor forced Admiral Ernest J. King , the head of the Navy , to place primary emphasis on the small number of aircraft carriers . The U.S. Navy grew tremendously as the United States was faced with a two-front war on the seas . It achieved notable acclaim in the Pacific Theater , where it was instrumental to the Allies ' successful `` island hopping '' campaign . The U.S. Navy fought six great battles with the Imperial Japanese Navy ( IJN ) : the Attack on Pearl Harbor , Battle of the Coral Sea , the Battle of Midway , the Battle of the Philippine Sea , the Battle of Leyte Gulf , and the Battle of Okinawa . By war 's end in 1945 , the United States Navy had added nearly 1,200 major combatant ships , including 27 aircraft carriers and 8 battleships , and had over 70 % of the world 's total numbers and total tonnage of naval vessels of 1,000 tons or greater .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5925fcfa133f066ddbd063a2bb08c80d", "text": "The Blitz The Blitz , from the German word Blitzkrieg meaning ` lightning war ' , was the name used by the British press to describe the heavy air raids carried out over Britain in 1940 and 1941 , during the Second World War . The German air offensive was concentrated , aimed at the direct bombing of industrial targets and civilian centres which began with heavy raids on London during the latter phase of the battle for air superiority over the United Kingdom which became known as the Battle of Britain . By September 1940 the Luftwaffe had failed to gain air superiority . The German air fleets ( Luftflotten ) were ordered to attack London , thereby drawing RAF Fighter Command into a battle of annihilation . Adolf Hitler and commander-in-chief of the Luftwaffe ( German Air Force ) Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring , sanctioned the change in emphasis on 6 September 1940 . From 7 September 1940 , just over a year into the war , London was systematically bombed by the Luftwaffe for 56 out of the following 57 days and nights . On 15 September 1940 , a large daylight attack against London was repulsed with significant German losses . Thereafter , the Luftwaffe gradually decreased daylight operations in favour of nocturnal attacks , to avoid RAF defences . The Blitz became a fundamental night bombing campaign after October 1940 . Ports and industrial centres outside London were also attacked . The main Atlantic sea port of Liverpool was bombed . The North Sea port of Hull , a convenient and easily found target or secondary target for bombers unable to locate their primary targets , was subjected to raids in the Hull Blitz during the war . Other ports including Bristol , Cardiff , Portsmouth , Plymouth , Southampton and Swansea were also bombed , as were the industrial cities of Birmingham , Belfast , Coventry , Glasgow , Manchester and Sheffield . More than one million London houses were destroyed or damaged and more than 40,000 civilians were killed , almost half of them in the capital . By May 1941 , the threat of an invasion of Britain had ended , and Hitler 's attention turned to Operation Barbarossa , the invasion of the Soviet Union . The bombing failed to demoralise the British into surrender or significantly damage the war economy . The eight months of bombing never seriously hampered British production and the war industries continued to operate and expand . The German offensive 's greatest effect was forcing the dispersal of aircraft production and parts . British wartime studies concluded that cities generally took 10 to 15 days to recover when hit severely but exceptions like Birmingham took three months . The German air offensive failed for several reasons . In particular , the Luftwaffe High Command ( Oberkommando der Luftwaffe , OKL ) did not develop a methodical strategy for destroying British war industry : German effort was diverted and dispersed against several sets of industries instead of maintaining pressure on any of them . Discussions in OKL revolved around tactics rather than strategy . Poor intelligence on British industry and economic efficiency was also a factor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "458ecc92326e7ed8635406fb54d72894", "text": "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II This article is about the military history of the United Kingdom during World War II . The United Kingdom , along with most of its Dominions , Crown colonies , and British India , declared war on Nazi Germany in September 1939 , after the German invasion of Poland . War with Japan began in December 1941 , after it attacked British colonies in Asia . The Axis powers were defeated by the Allies in 1945 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e43665a0a25d05f4a79f91da1ecb4db4", "text": "Gestapo–NKVD conferences The Gestapo -- NKVD conferences were a series of security police meetings organized in late 1939 and early 1940 by Germany and the Soviet Union , following their joint invasion of Poland in accordance with the Nazi-Soviet alliance . The meetings enabled both parties to pursue specific goals and aims as outlined independently by Hitler and Stalin , with regard to the acquired , formerly Polish territories . The conferences were held by the Gestapo and the NKVD officials in several Polish cities . In spite of their differences on other issues , both Heinrich Himmler and Lavrentiy Beria had similar objectives as far as the fate of the prewar Poland was concerned . The attack on Poland ended with the Nazi -- Soviet victory parade in Brześć , which was held on 22 September 1939 . Brześć was the location of the first Nazi-Soviet meeting organized on 27 September 1939 , in which the prisoner exchange was decided prior to the signing of mutual agreements in Moscow a day later . In the following month , the Gestapo and the NKVD met in Lwów to discuss the fate of civilian populations during radical reorganization of the annexed territories . They met again in occupied Przemyśl at the end of November , because Przemyśl was a border crossing between the two invaders . The next series of meetings began in December 1939 , a month after the first transfer of Polish prisoners of war . The conferences were held in occupied Kraków in the General Government on 6 -- 7 December 1939 ; and continued for the next two days in the resort town of Zakopane in the Tatra Mountains of southern Poland ( 100 km from Kraków ) on 8 -- 9 December 1939 . The Zakopane Conference is the most remembered . From the Soviet side , several higher officers of the NKVD secret police participated in the meetings , while the German hosts provided a group of experts from the Gestapo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c3d1b206b2bc4b9407b7baa192004c9", "text": "Netherlands in World War II The direct involvement of the Netherlands in World War II began with its invasion by Nazi Germany on 10 May 1940 . The Netherlands had proclaimed neutrality when war broke out in September 1939 , just as it had in World War I , but Adolf Hitler ordered it to be invaded anyway . On 15 May 1940 , one day after the bombing of Rotterdam , the Dutch forces surrendered . The Dutch government and the royal family escaped and went into exile in London . Following the defeat , the Netherlands was placed under German occupation , which endured in some areas until the German surrender in May 1945 . Active resistance was carried out by a small minority , which grew in the course of the occupation . The occupiers deported the majority of the country 's Jews to Nazi concentration camps , with the cooperation of much of the Dutch police and civil service . Due to the high variation in the survival rate of Jewish inhabitants amongst local regions in the Netherlands , scholars have questioned the validity of a single explanation at the national level . Nonetheless , and also due to the well organized population registers comparing to other countries , about 70 % of the country 's Jewish population were killed during the conflict ; a much higher percentage than comparable countries , like Belgium and France . However , the city of Amsterdam organized the only industrial action in protest to the persecution of their Jewish fellow citizens ever in all of the Nazi occupied areas . Most of the south of the country was liberated in the second half of 1944 . The rest , especially the west and north of the country still under occupation , suffered from a famine at the end of 1944 , known as the `` Hunger Winter '' . On 5 May 1945 , the whole country was finally liberated by the total surrender of all German forces .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "791a2938f2184fbd7ed30572bffe5a84", "text": "Secret Military Organization Secret Military Organization , or Tajna Organizacja Wojskowa , TOW in Polish , was a clandestine military formation organized prior to World War II in the Second Polish Republic in the event Polish territory was occupied by foreign powers . The country-wide TOW organization was active in the early days of the September 1939 Campaign and during the Nazi occupation of Poland . Some of the offshoots or independently organized local `` TOWs '' , such as Tajna Organizacja Wojskowa Gryf Pomorski ( `` TOW Pomeranian Griffin '' ) or Tajna Organizacja Wojskowa Gryf Kaszubski ( `` TOW Kaszubian Griffin '' ) were active throughout the whole period of the German occupation as well as the early years of the Soviet takeover . During the interwar period , Polish intelligence services in the Grupa Operacyjnej Dywersji ( Operational Group for Diversion ) developed contingency plans for creating an underground movement in case the country was occupied by either Nazi Germany or Soviet Russia . The sub unit within this service codenamed Zygmunt was charged with preparing diversionary and sabotage actions to be carried out during the possible occupation . The main , country-wide , TOW was organized by Major ( later colonel ) Jan Mazurkiewicz , codename Radosław , in late 1939 , in Stanisławów , after the Polish defeat in the September campaign . Mazurkiewicz 's founding of the group received approval from Gen. Władysław Sikorski and the Polish government in exile . Originally the coordinating headquarters of this TOW were located in Budapest , but were transferred to occupied Poland in 1940 . In March 1943 the main TOW became part of the general anti-Nazi organization the Home Army and the cells of the organization were transformed or transferred into the newly organized `` Directorate for Diversion '' , Kedyw . Some of the other TOWs , such as the Pomeranian Griffin , continued to exist independently of the Home Army , or were only nominally subordinated to it .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a3a288c6aba31c9ccb4dd4ff75fb2a25", "text": "Origins of the Cold War The Origins of the Cold War are widely regarded to lie most directly in the relations between the Soviet Union and the allies ( the United States , Great Britain and France ) in the years 1945 -- 1947 . Those events led to the Cold War that endured for just under half a century . Events preceding the Second World War , and even the Russian Revolution of 1917 , underlay pre -- World War II tensions between the Soviet Union , western European countries and the United States . A series of events during and after World War II exacerbated tensions , including the Soviet-German pact during the first two years of the war leading to subsequent invasions , the perceived delay of an amphibious invasion of German-occupied Europe , the western allies ' support of the Atlantic Charter , disagreement in wartime conferences over the fate of Eastern Europe , the Soviets ' creation of an Eastern Bloc of Soviet satellite states , western allies scrapping the Morgenthau Plan to support the rebuilding of German industry , and the Marshall Plan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a91b4be7c2499cdb1abd48bd325f879a", "text": "Japanese occupation of Singapore The Japanese occupation of Singapore in World War II took place from 1942 to 1945 , following the fall of the British colony on 15 February 1942 . Military forces of the Empire of Japan occupied it after defeating the combined British , Indian , Australian , and Malayan garrison in the Battle of Singapore . The occupation was to become a major turning point in the histories of several nations , including those of Japan , Britain , and the then-colonial state of Singapore . Singapore was renamed , meaning `` Light of the South '' . Singapore was officially returned to British colonial rule on 12 September 1945 , following the formal signing of the surrender instrument at the Municipal Building .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "89ce938119f9cc89db50dc88bd365eeb", "text": "German–Soviet Axis talks In October and November 1940 , German -- Soviet Axis talks occurred concerning the Soviet Union 's potential entry as a fourth Axis Power in World War II . The negotiations , which occurred during the era of the Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact and the German-Soviet Commercial Agreement , included a two-day Berlin conference between Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov , Adolf Hitler and German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop , followed by both countries trading written proposed agreements . After two days of negotiations from 12 to 14 November 1940 , Germany presented the Soviets with a draft written Axis pact agreement defining the world spheres of influence of the four proposed Axis powers ( Japan , Germany , Soviet Union , Italy ) . Hitler , Ribbentrop and Molotov tried to set German and Soviet spheres of influence ; Hitler encouraged Molotov to look south to Iran and eventually India while preserving German access to Finland 's resources , and to remove Soviet influence in the Balkans . Molotov remained firm , seeking to remove German troops from Finland and gain a warm water port in the Balkans . Soviet foreign policy calculations were predicated by the idea that the war would be a long - term struggle and therefore German claims that Britain would be defeated swiftly were treated with scepticism . In addition Stalin sought to remain influential in Bulgaria and Yugoslavia . These factors resulted in Molotov taking a firm line . According to a Columbia University academical source , on 25 November 1940 , the Soviets presented a Stalin-drafted written counterproposal where they would accept the four power pact , but it included Soviet rights to Bulgaria and a world sphere of influence centered on the area around modern Iraq and Iran . Germany did not respond , leaving the negotiations unresolved . Regarding the counterproposal , Hitler remarked to his top military chiefs that Stalin `` demands more and more '' , `` he 's a cold-blooded blackmailer '' and that `` a German victory has become unbearable for Russia '' so that `` she must be brought to her knees as soon as possible . '' Germany ended the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact in June 1941 by invading the Soviet Union .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c87e76cce09e3619262bd89965d712f5", "text": "Extermination camp The German extermination camps or death camps and killing centers were designed and built by Nazi Germany during World War II ( 1939 -- 45 ) to systematically kill millions of Jews , Slavs , Communists , and others whom the Nazis considered `` Untermenschen '' , primarily by gassing , but also in mass executions and through extreme work under starvation conditions . The idea of mass extermination with the use of stationary facilities built exclusively for that purpose was a result of earlier Nazi experimentation with the chemically manufactured poison gas during the secretive Action T4 euthanasia programme against Germans with mental and physical disabilities . The technology was adapted , expanded and applied in wartime to unsuspecting victims of many ethnic and national groups ; the Jews however were the primary targets accounting for over 90 percent of the extermination camp death toll . This genocide of the Jewish people of Europe was the Third Reich 's `` Final Solution to the Jewish question '' . It is now collectively known as the Holocaust . Extermination camps were also set up by the fascist Ustaše regime of the Independent State of Croatia allied with Germany , carrying out genocidal policy between 1941 and 1945 against Serbs , Jews , Roma and its Croat and Muslim political opponents .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c5fda8a2a053a603d36822bca5b2d7e", "text": "Military history of Bulgaria during World War II The military history of Bulgaria during World War II encompasses an initial period of neutrality until 1 March 1941 , a period of alliance with the Axis Powers until 9 September 1944 ( on 8 September , the Red Army entered Bulgaria ) and a period of alignment with the Allies in the final year of the war . Bulgaria functioned as a constitutional monarchy during most of World War II . Tsar Boris III ( reigned 1918 -- 1943 ) ruled with a Prime Minister and a Parliament .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0108f305c4f22874d4b1a2b8778b37fb", "text": "Evacuations of civilians in Britain during World War II The evacuation of civilians in Britain during the Second World War was designed to protect civilians in Britain , particularly children , from the risks associated with aerial bombing of cities by moving them to areas thought to be less at risk . Operation Pied Piper , which began on 1 September 1939 , officially relocated more than 3.5 million people . Further waves of official evacuation and re-evacuation occurred on the south and east coasts in June 1940 , when a seaborne invasion was expected , and from affected cities after the Blitz began in September 1940 . There were also official evacuations from the UK to other parts of the British Empire , and many non-official evacuations within and from the UK . Other mass movements of civilians included British citizens arriving from the Channel Islands , and displaced people arriving from continental Europe . The Government Evacuation Scheme was developed during summer 1938 by the Anderson Committee and implemented by the Ministry of Health . The country was divided into zones , classified as either `` evacuation '' , `` neutral '' , or `` reception '' , with priority evacuees being moved from the major urban centres and billeted on the available private housing in more rural areas . Each zone covered roughly a third of the population , although several urban areas later bombed had not been classified for evacuation . In early 1939 , the reception areas compiled lists of available housing . Space for a couple of thousand people was found , and the government also constructed camps which provided a few thousand additional spaces . In summer 1939 , the government began to publicise its plan through the local authorities . They had overestimated demand : only half of all school-aged children were moved from the urban areas instead of the expected 80 % . There was enormous regional variation : as few as 15 % of the children were evacuated from some urban areas , while over 60 % of children were evacuated in Manchester and Belfast and Liverpool . The refusal of the central government to spend large sums on preparation also reduced the effectiveness of the plan . In the event over 1,474,000 people were evacuated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a376cf373dd1f706537224ce09d23bb", "text": "Strategic depth Strategic depth is a term in military literature that broadly refers to the distances between the front lines or battle sectors and the combatants ' industrial core areas , capital cities , heartlands , and other key centers of population or military production . The key precepts any military commander must consider when dealing with strategic depth are how vulnerable these assets are to a quick , preemptive attack or to a methodical offensive and whether a country can withdraw into its own territory , absorb an initial thrust , and allow the subsequent offensive to culminate short of its goal and far from its source of power . Commanders must be able to plan for both eventualities , and have measures and resources in place on both tactical and strategic levels to counter any and all stages of a minor or major enemy attack . These measures do not need to be limited to purely military assets , either -- the ability to reinforce civilian infrastructure or make it flexible enough to withstand or evade assault is very valuable in times of war . The issue was the trade-off between space and time as witnessed by Germany 's failure to defeat the Soviet Union in 1942 . In the face of a German invasion , the Soviet military retreating from occupied Poland in June 1941 to the outskirts of Moscow in December 1941 allowed the Soviet Union to move its industrial base to the east of the Ural Mountains . Thus the industries that had been moved could build the resources needed for the Soviet counter-attack .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bddabfb12d93a6d7dccb2574a55eeadb", "text": "Kingdom of Italy The Kingdom of Italy ( Regno d'Italia ) was a state founded from 1861 , when King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy , to 1946 , when a constitutional referendum led civil discontent to abandon the monarchy and form the Italian Republic . The state was founded as a result of the unification of Italy under the influence of the Kingdom of Sardinia , which can be considered its legal predecessor state . Italy declared war on Austria in alliance with Prussia in 1866 and received the region of Veneto following their victory . Italian troops entered Rome in 1870 , ending more than one thousand years of Papal temporal power . Italy entered into a Triple Alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1882 , following strong disagreements with France about the respective colonial expansions . However , even if relations with Berlin became very friendly , the alliance with Vienna remained purely formal , as the Italians were keen to acquire Trentino and Trieste , corners of the Austria-Hungary populated by Italians . So , in 1915 , Italy accepted the British invitation to join the Allies in World War I because the western allies promised territorial compensation ( at the expense of Austria-Hungary ) for participation that were more generous than Vienna 's offer in exchange for Italian neutrality . Victory in the war gave Italy a permanent seat in the Council of the League of Nations . `` Fascist Italy '' is the era of National Fascist Party government from 1922 to 1943 with Benito Mussolini as head of government . The fascists imposed authoritarian rule and crushed the political and intellectual opposition , while promoting economic modernization , traditional social values , and a rapprochement with the Roman Catholic Church . According to Payne ( 1996 ) , '' -LSB- the -RSB- Fascist government passed through several relatively distinct phases '' . The first phase ( 1923 -- 1925 ) was nominally a continuation of the parliamentary system , albeit with a `` legally-organized executive dictatorship '' . Then came the second phase , `` the construction of the Fascist dictatorship proper , from 1925 to 1929 '' . The third phase , with less activism , was 1929 to 1934 . The fourth phase , 1935 -- 1940 , was characterized by an aggressive foreign policy ; war against Ethiopia , which was launched from Eritrea and Italian Somaliland ; confrontations with the League of Nations sanctions ; growing economic autarchy ; and semi-National Socialization . The war itself ( 1940 -- 1943 ) was the fifth phase with its disasters and defeats , while the rump Salò government under German control was the final stage ( 1943 -- 1945 ) . Italy was allied with National Socialist Germany in World War II until 1943 . It switched sides to the Allies after ousting Mussolini and shutting down the Fascist party in areas ( south of Rome ) controlled by the Allied invaders . The remnant fascist state in northern Italy that continued fighting against the Allies was a puppet state of Germany , the `` Italian Social Republic '' , still led by Mussolini and his Fascist loyalists . Shortly after the war , civil discontent led to the constitutional referendum of 1946 on whether Italy would remain a monarchy or become a republic . Italians decided to abandon the monarchy and form the Italian Republic , the present-day Italian state .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "023973e381b8dad1c7e2c5b6fac8fa89", "text": "Post-war Japan Post-war Japan refers to the period in Japanese history immediately following the end of World War II in 1945 to the present day . Before and during the war Japan was known as an empire but is now simply known as Japan ( 日本国 or Nihon-koku , literally the State of Japan ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d88f3473dcdd2d3a9b5cc8ee5831c93", "text": "Syrmian Front The Syrmian Front ( Srijemski front , Сремски фронт ) was an Axis line of defense during World War II . It was established as part of the Eastern Front in late October 1944 in Syrmia and east Slavonia , northwest of Belgrade . After the Yugoslav Partisans and the Red Army expelled the Germans from Belgrade in the Belgrade Offensive , the retreating Wehrmacht and the Croatian Armed Forces used fortifications to protect the withdrawal of German Army Group E from the Balkans . With help from their Soviet allies , the Partisans ( by then recognized as the Yugoslav army ) , joined by Bulgarian and Italian forces , fought a difficult winter campaign and finally broke through the front on 12 April 1945 . After the Syrmian front was broken , occupied Yugoslavia was liberated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "182268d6d5405df47eff42d4d0c55e39", "text": "Demobilization of United States armed forces after World War II The Demobilization of United States armed forces after the Second World War began with the defeat of Germany in May 1945 and continued through 1946 . The United States had more than 12 million men and women in the armed forces at the end of World War II of whom 7.6 million were stationed abroad . The American public demanded a rapid demobilization and soldiers protested the slowness of the process . Military personnel were returned to the United States in Operation Magic Carpet . By June 30 , 1947 , the number of active duty soldiers , sailors , Marines , and airmen in the armed forces had been reduced to 1,566,000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc8bc9e8c68b4b832399e6ddcd5df716", "text": "World War II in Yugoslavia Military operations in World War II in Yugoslavia began on 6 April 1941 , when the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was swiftly conquered by Axis forces and partitioned between Germany , Italy , Hungary , Bulgaria and client regimes . Subsequently , a guerrilla liberation war was fought against the Axis occupying forces and their locally established puppet regimes , including the Independent State of Croatia and the Serbian Government of National Salvation , by the KPJ-led republican Yugoslav Partisans . Simultaneously , a multi-side civil war was waged between the Yugoslav communist Partisans , the Serbian royalist Chetniks , Croatian fascist Ustaše and Home Guard , as well as Slovene Home Guard troops . Both the Yugoslav Partisans and the Chetnik movement initially resisted the occupation . However , after 1941 , Chetniks extensively and systematically collaborated with the Italian occupation forces until the Italian capitulation , and thereon also with German and Ustaše forces . The Axis mounted a series of offensives intended to destroy the Partisans , coming close to doing so in the winter and spring of 1943 . Despite the setbacks , the Partisans remained a credible fighting force , gaining recognition from the Western Allies and laying the foundations for the post-war Yugoslav state . With support in logistics and air power from the Western Allies , and Soviet ground troops in the Belgrade Offensive , the Partisans eventually gained control of the entire country and of the border regions of Italy and Austria . The human cost of the war was enormous . The number of war victims is still in dispute , but is generally agreed to have been at least one million . Non-combat victims included the majority of the country 's Jewish population , many of whom perished in concentration and extermination camps ( e.g. Jasenovac , Banjica ) run by the client regimes . The Croatian Ustaše regime committed genocide against Serbs , Jews , Roma and anti-Fascist Croats . The Serbian Chetniks pursued genocide against Muslims and Croats and Pro-Partisan Serbs , and the Italian occupation authorities pursued violence against Slovenes and Croats . The Wehrmacht carried out mass executions of civilians in retaliation for resistance activity e.g. , the Kragujevac massacre . Hungarian occupation troops massacred civilians ( mostly Serbs and Jews ) during the a major raid in southern Bačka , under the pretext for resistance activities . Finally , during and after the final stages of the war , Yugoslav authorities and Partisan troops carried out reprisals , including the deportation of the Danube Swabian population , forced marches and executions of thousands of captured collaborators and civilians fleeing their advance ( Bleiburg repatriations ) , atrocities against the Italian population in Istria ( Foibe massacres ) and purges against Serbs , Hungarians and Germans associated with the fascist forces .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "394bbec028dc1991972c96fa66bb6836", "text": "Flensburg Government The Flensburg Government ( Flensburger Regierung ) , also known as the Flensburg Cabinet ( Flensburger Kabinett ) , the Dönitz Government ( Regierung Dönitz ) , or the Schwerin von Krosigk Cabinet ( Kabinett Schwerin von Krosigk ) , was the short-lived government of Nazi Germany during a period of three weeks around the end of World War II in Europe . The government was formed following the suicide of Adolf Hitler on 30 April during the Battle of Berlin . It was headed by Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz as the Reichspräsident and Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk as the Leading Minister . The administration was referred to as the `` Flensburg Government '' because Dönitz 's headquarters had been relocated in the port of Flensburg in northern Germany on 3 May 1945 . Due to the rapid Allied advance , its nominal jurisdiction at the outset was limited to a narrow wedge of territory running from the Austrian border through Berlin to the Danish border ; which , since 25 April 1945 , had been cut in two by the American advance to join with Soviet forces at Torgau on the Elbe . Following the capitulation of all German armed forces on 8 May , the Flensburg government lost all direct territorial , military or civil jurisdiction , and all diplomatic relations were withdrawn . The western Allies allowed it to continue to meet and conduct what business it could until 23 May .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ae539104c6220d77d84941e215b1bf4", "text": "Occupation of Estonia The Occupation of Estonia may refer to : Occupation of Estonia by the German Empire ( February -- November 1918 ) Soviet occupation of Estonia ( June 1940 -- July 1941 and February 1944 -- August 1991 ) German occupation of Estonia during World War II ( July 1941 -- September 1944 )", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b3731798359a21138f32cec28ad6c9b7", "text": "Believe (Cher song) `` Believe '' is a song recorded by American singer-actress Cher . It is the title track from her twenty-second album of the same name ( 1998 ) , and was released as the lead single from the album on October 19 , 1998 by Warner Bros. . Records . It was written by Brian Higgins , Stuart McLennen , Paul Barry , Steven Torch , Matthew Gray and Timothy Powell , although Cher claimed later in a 2000 interview that she also wrote part , and was produced by Mark Taylor and Brian Rawling . A considerable departure from Cher 's work at the time , `` Believe '' abandoned the singer 's then pop rock-based repertoire in favor of being more club-friendly , in order to engage a younger audience . `` Believe '' is an upbeat dance-pop song . The song is one of the first commercial recordings to feature the audio processor software Auto-Tune as a vocal effect , used to produce the prominent altered effect on Cher 's vocals . This technique would eventually become known as the `` Cher effect '' . Lyrically , the song is about the personal empowerment and self-sufficiency after a painful break-up . Critically , `` Believe '' has been met with appreciation ever since its release ; reviewers have praised its production , catchiness and club-friendly nature , and listed it as one of the singer 's career highlights . The song was also nominated for two Grammy Awards ; for Record of the Year and Best Dance Recording , winning the latter . Commercially , the song attained immense global success , reaching number one in almost every country it charted , including Australia , Canada , Ireland , New Zealand , the United Kingdom , Spain , France , Germany , Italy and the United States . It earned Cher a place in the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest female solo artist to top the Billboard Hot 100 chart . It also became the highest-selling single by a solo female artist in the United Kingdom . `` Believe '' remains one of the best-selling singles of all time with sales of over 11 million copies worldwide . The music video for `` Believe '' , directed by Nigel Dick , showed Cher in a nightclub performing the song in two different sequences : one in which she is seen performing the song on stage and the other as a supernatural being locked in a cage . Cher has performed the song in a number of live appearances , including in three of her concert tours , most recently the Dressed to Kill Tour in 2014 . It has been covered by a number of artists , and has been featured in several elements of popular culture . Scholars and academics noted the way in which Cher was able to re-invent herself and remain fresh and contemporary amidst the more teen pop-based music of the period . They also credited `` Believe '' as the song which restored the singer 's popularity and cemented her position as a pop culture icon .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b6440fb15d77625f15a1f50ec778963e", "text": "Testify (P.O.D. album) Testify is the sixth studio album by American recording group P.O.D. . It was originally set for a December 2005 release but finally slated for January 24 , 2006 by Atlantic Records . This is P.O.D. 's first major-label album not produced by Howard Benson . The full album was leaked to file-sharing networks on January 20 , 2006 , just four days before its release . It was also their last album with Jason Truby on guitar , before he left the band in December 2006 . This album was also available in the Testify ( Limited Edition ) version with a bonus CD ( called Beyond Testify ) featuring commentary by the band on every song on the album , as well as four bonus songs and a remix that did n't make the album . The album 's first single , `` Goodbye for Now , '' went on to become the No. 1 music video on MTV 's TRL and became P.O.D. 's unprecedented 4th No. 1 video . The song also enjoyed heavy play on the radio . Testify became the No. 1 selling Christian album on Billboard for several weeks and , as of May 2006 , had been in the Top 25 for a total of 16 weeks . It opened at No. 9 on the Billboard 200 with 58,000 scans and has sold over 210,000 copies in the US and over 500,000 copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a253d707b0870bf3c45a73c6025cb920", "text": "Breathe (Faith Hill album) Breathe is the fourth studio album by country music recording artist Faith Hill , released November 9 , 1999 on Warner Bros. . Records . It won a Grammy Award for Best Country Album . Breathe is one of the most successful country/pop albums to date . It has been certified 8 × Platinum by the RIAA , for shipping eight million copies in the US . The album includes the singles `` Breathe '' , `` The Way You Love Me '' , `` Let 's Make Love '' , and `` If My Heart Had Wings '' . `` Breathe '' and `` The Way You Love Me '' Were both number 1 hits on the Hot Country Songs charts ; the former also reached number 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 and was the top pop song of 2000 according to Billboard Year-End . Several of the album 's tracks also charted from unsolicited airplay . Hill 's Breathe debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard 200 , a first for the country artist . The Warner Bros. . Nashville set sold 242,000 units , according to SoundScan . The album includes a cover version of Bette Midler 's 1998 song , ` That 's How Love Moves ' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8238c8df8da7d4ddf712f5d91ce851ad", "text": "Teach the Controversy `` Teach the Controversy '' is a campaign , conducted by the Discovery Institute , to promote the pseudoscientific principle of intelligent design , a variant of traditional creationism , while attempting to discredit the teaching of evolution in United States public high school science courses . The campaign claims that fairness and equal time requires educating students with a ` critical analysis of evolution ' where `` the full range of scientific views '' , evolution 's `` unresolved issues '' , and the `` scientific weaknesses of evolutionary theory '' will be presented and evaluated alongside intelligent design concepts like irreducible complexity presented as a scientific argument against evolution through oblique references to books by design proponents listed in the bibliography of the Institute-proposed `` Critical Analysis of Evolution '' lesson plans . The intelligent design movement and the Teach the Controversy campaign are directed and supported largely by the Discovery Institute , a conservative Christian think tank based in Seattle , Washington . The overall goals of the movement were stated as `` to defeat scientific materialism '' and `` to replace -LSB- it -RSB- with the theistic understanding that nature and human beings are created by God . '' The scientific community and science education organizations have replied that there is no scientific controversy regarding the validity of evolution and that the controversy exists solely in terms of religion and politics . A federal court , along with the majority of scientific organizations , including the American Association for the Advancement of Science , say the Institute has manufactured the controversy they want to teach by promoting a `` false perception '' that evolution is `` a theory in crisis '' by falsely claiming it is the subject of wide controversy and debate within the scientific community . McGill University Professor Brian Alters , an expert in the creation-evolution controversy , is quoted in an article published by the NIH as stating that `` 99.9 percent of scientists accept evolution '' , whereas intelligent design has been rejected by the overwhelming majority of the scientific community . In the December 2005 ruling of Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District , Judge John E. Jones III concluded that intelligent design is not science and `` can not uncouple itself from its creationist , and thus religious , antecedents '' . The Dover ruling also characterized `` teaching the controversy '' as part of a religious ploy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de7a4b37374ad5aded251be10bcd5f1a", "text": "Embodied imagination Embodied imagination is a therapeutic and creative form of working with dreams and memories pioneered by Dutch Jungian psychoanalyst Robert Bosnak and based on principles first developed by Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung , especially in his work on alchemy , and on the work of American archetypal psychologist James Hillman , who focused on soul as a simultaneous multiplicity of autonomous states . The technique of embodied imagination takes dreaming as the paradigm for all work with images . While dreaming , everyone experiences dreams as embodied events in time and space ; that is , the dreamer is convinced that he or she is experiencing a real event in a real environment . Bosnak describes how a dream `` instantaneously presents a total world , so real that you are convinced you are awake . You do n't just think so , you know it in the same way you now know you are awake reading this book . '' So from the perspective of dreaming , the image is a place . Based on this notion , the dreamer can re-enter the landscape of the dream and flash back into its images to more fully and deeply explore and experience them . The dreamer explores the images of the dream while in a hypnagogic state , a state of consciousness between waking and sleeping . While in this state , the dreamer is asked a series of questions that help him or her to re-experience the dream by describing details of its landscape and image . Once fully immersed in the images that the dream environment presents , the dreamer is then also invited to feel and identify the feelings and sensations manifested in the body from a variety of dream perspectives . Perspectives explored are both that of the dream ego as well any `` others '' that appear in the dream . These `` others '' may be , for example , another person , an animal , or a physical object . Approaching dream figures in this way is consistent with archetypal psychologist James Hillman 's prescription for therapeutic work in regard to the phenomena of psychic multiplicity . Drawing upon Carl Jung 's realization that `` the ego complex is not the only complex in the psyche , '' Hillman described the psyche to be not a singular unified whole defined by the ego point of view , but rather a self-organizing multiplicity of autonomous selves . In the technique of embodied imagination , for each of these `` selves '' or `` states '' representing various perspectives , the dreamer then feels , identifies , and locates the feelings and sensations in his or her body . At the conclusion of the dreamwork session , the dreamer simultaneously holds in conscious awareness these differentiated and complex states of embodied feeling and sensation . The act of holding these multiple disparate states at the same time creates a psychical tension from which a completely new image or feeling state spontaneously emerges from the dreamer 's psyche . This new image or state presents a completely new and previously unknown awareness to the dreamer , one through which the dreamer often feels changed , transformed , or greatly expanded in the ability to embody and feel intensely . After working with a dream in this way , one dreamer , a woman whose name is Ariel , later reflected , `` That dreamwork warded off my seasonal depression which always starts in the autumn . I could already feel it creeping up at the time of the dream . And with the dreamwork it just stopped and retreated and never came back . I did n't have it all winter . '' Ariel 's transformation is typical of those who practice this method of working with dreams . Using the technique of embodied imagination in dreamwork , the body becomes the theater for a vivid complexity of states , which leads along `` alchemical '' lines to profound psychical transformation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85d30ad1242317a1d979e4006c369881", "text": "Michael Foster (writer) Michael Foster ( 1904-1956 ) was an American novelist , journalist , screenwriter and cartoonist . Foster , who was born August 29 , 1904 , in Hardy , Arkansas , was a graduate of the Chicago Art Institute and became a reporter and cartoonist for newspapers in Salina , Kansas , Los Angeles , California , and , by 1937 , Seattle , Washington . His nickname was `` Gully . '' In 1926 , he was working on the Los Angeles Express , a daily newspaper . A friend , Charles Harris Garrigues , wrote that Foster <blockquote> writes , paints , and has been called the second most promising of the young poets in America by the Lit Dig -LSB- Literary Digest '' ' -RSB- -- does n't know one note of music from another and improvises the most beautiful piano music ... He roomed down at the house for a while until we had a fight over a novel he 's writing and then he moved out -- went on a three weeks ' drunk and only started back to work when I threatened to knock his block off if he did n't . </blockquote> Foster 's first novel , Forgive Adam , was published in 1935 by W. Morrow and Co. . Margaret Wallace of the New York Times said of the author : Michael Foster , a young newspaper man on the Pacific Coast , is the newest recruit to the ranks of the hard-boiled novelists . In the brief declarative sentences of his prose style , in his method of consistent understatement , in his attitude of weary and rather self-conscious disillusionment , he has aligned himself with the school of Hemingway and his imitators . The second novel , American Dream , came in 1937 . American Dream told the story of `` a disillusioned newspaperman who discovers through old family letters what America meant to the writers and what America should mean to him . Several scenes are reminiscent of the tawdry political atmosphere rendered in Ben Hecht 's and Charles MacArthur 's 1928 play , The Front Page . '' . Los Angeles Times reviewer Milton Merlin said that the work was : not an entirely satisfying novel , but it is an ambitious enterprise and an exceptionally compelling story told with feeling and facility ... . Foster , a Seattle reporter , chooses a member of his profession for his central figure . Shelby Thrall , a disillusioned idealist at 30 , reviews three generations of Thralls in an attempt to recapture the meaning of the `` American Dream . '' Shelby 's recollections , stirred by a pile of old , crumbling letters in the attic , cover a span of three generations ... Two books followed -- To Remember at Midnight ( 1938 ) and House Above the River ( 1946 ) . About his final book , The Dusty Godmother ( 1949 ) . reviewer A.C. Spectorsky wrote in the New York Times that Foster had expanded a slick-magazine short story into a light novel which disappoints largely because it has frequent and unfulfilled intimations and overtones of being far more than just that . Garrigues wrote in 1957 after Foster 's death that when Foster `` had done penance to his father by The American Dream , '' he had done all he had to do ... . he had written himself out when he made peace with his father , who was dead ; after that , he drank himself to death trying to find something that was not in him . '' Foster died on March 25 , 1956 , in California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0d8f087b6a98a58a806f5614b367db5", "text": "Say \"I Gotta Believe!\" `` Say `` I Got ta Believe ! '' '' is a single by De La Soul featuring Japanese singer Double . The song was released as part of the soundtrack for the popular Japanese videogame , PaRappa the Rapper 2 . Outside Japan , copies of the single are extremely rare . The song received a promotional video , which featured the group as chefs , mixed with clips of PaRappa .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d6a6a009c61faf9330e5eb4ad894d27", "text": "The Culture of Disbelief The Culture of Disbelief ( ISBN 0-385-47498-9 ) is a 1994 book by Stephen L. Carter . In it , he holds that religion in the United States is trivialized by American law and politics , and that those with a strong religious faith are forced to bend to meet the viewpoint of a `` public faith '' which is largely faithless . Carter argues that there is a place for faith in public life , while still adhering to the separation of church and state . Category :1994 books Category : Books about politics of the United States Category : Religious studies books", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a2fbf255ea108f0c3675472c21036067", "text": "Believe (Nami Tamaki song) `` Believe '' is the debut single by Nami Tamaki , released April 23 , 2003 . Tamaki was chosen through a Sony Music audition as the vocalist for the song . This song was also used as the third opening theme for Kidou Senshi Gundam Seed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f261dfaf07974b97d9fa445af52502fd", "text": "I Believe in Miracles I Believe in Miracles may refer to : I Believe in Miracles ( film ) , a 2015 British film `` I Believe in Miracles '' , a 1976 song by The Jackson Sisters . `` I Believe in Miracles '' , a 1998 remixed song by Hi-Rise . `` I Believe in Miracles '' , a song by the Ramones ( from the album Brain Drain ) . `` I Believe in Miracles '' , a song by George W. Meyer . `` You Sexy Thing '' , a 1975 song by Hot Chocolate . `` I Believe in Miracles '' , a book by Kathryn Kuhlman", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dab1a26636e7f3d4cbffa1697facab87", "text": "Nothing: Something to Believe In Nothing : Something to Believe in is a 2007 book by Nica Lalli that offers a personal account of atheism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52e04596eff7a5b6cb198f3292237226", "text": "Trust (emotion) In a social context , trust has several connotations . Definitions of trust typically refer to a situation characterized by the following aspects : One party ( trustor ) is willing to rely on the actions of another party ( trustee ) ; the situation is directed to the future . In addition , the trustor ( voluntarily or forcedly ) abandons control over the actions performed by the trustee . As a consequence , the trustor is uncertain about the outcome of the other 's actions ; they can only develop and evaluate expectations . The uncertainty involves the risk of failure or harm to the trustor if the trustee will not behave as desired . Vladimir Ilych Lenin expressed this idea with the sentence `` Trust is good , control is better '' . Trust can be attributed to relationships between people . It can be demonstrated that humans have a natural disposition to trust and to judge trustworthiness that can be traced to the neurobiological structure and activity of a human brain . Some studies indicate that trust can be altered e.g. by the application of oxytocin . Conceptually , trust is also attributable to relationships within and between social groups ( history , families , friends , communities , organisations , companies , nations , etc. ) . It is a popular approach to frame the dynamics of inter-group and intra-group interactions in terms of trust . The trust formations of people towards different actors in society has been shaped into a generic model of trust with three levels of application , i.e. Macro , Micro , and Meso . When it comes to the relationship between people and technology , the attribution of trust is a matter of dispute . The intentional stance demonstrates that trust can be validly attributed to human relationships with complex technologies . However , rational reflection leads to the rejection of an ability to trust technological artefacts . One of the key current challenges in the social sciences is to re-think how the rapid progress of technology has impacted constructs such as trust . This is specifically true for information technology that dramatically alters causation in social systems . In the social sciences , the subtleties of trust are a subject of ongoing research . In sociology and psychology the degree to which one party trusts another is a measure of belief in the honesty , fairness , or benevolence of another party . The term `` confidence '' is more appropriate for a belief in the competence of the other party . Based on the most recent research , a failure in trust may be forgiven more easily if it is interpreted as a failure of competence rather than a lack of benevolence or honesty . In economics , trust is often conceptualized as reliability in transactions . In all cases trust is a heuristic decision rule , allowing the human to deal with complexities that would require unrealistic effort in rational reasoning .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58921249799de875f90166c7e26239a1", "text": "Believe in the Boogie `` Believe in the Boogie '' is the second single from Take That band member Mark Owen 's independently released third solo studio album , How the Mighty Fall . The single was released on 22 August 2005 . The single peaked at # 57 on the UK Singles Chart , making it the lowest charting release of Owen 's career up to that point . In the UK , the single was released on Owen 's independent label , Sedna Records , while in the rest of the world , it was released on Edel Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "979e9b608411e33e2e4dd1d93038d4d5", "text": "Reasonable doubt Reasonable doubt is a term used in jurisdiction of Anglo-Saxon countries . Evidence that is beyond reasonable doubt is the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction in most adversarial legal systems . Generally , prosecutors bear the burden of proof and are required to prove their version of events to this standard . This means that the proposition being presented by the prosecution must be proven to the extent that there could be no `` reasonable doubt '' in the mind of a `` reasonable person '' that the defendant is guilty . There can still be a doubt , but only to the extent that it would not affect a reasonable person 's belief regarding whether or not the defendant is guilty . Beyond `` the shadow of a doubt '' is sometimes used interchangeably with beyond reasonable doubt , but this extends beyond the latter , to the extent that it may be considered an impossible standard . The term `` reasonable doubt '' is therefore used . If doubt does affect a `` reasonable person 's '' belief that the defendant is guilty , the jury is not satisfied beyond `` reasonable doubt '' . The precise meaning of words such as `` reasonable '' and `` doubt '' are usually defined within jurisprudence of the applicable country . A related idea is Blackstone 's formulation `` It is better that ten guilty persons escape than that one innocent suffer '' . Beyond a reasonable doubt is the highest burden of proof in any court in the United States . Criminal cases must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bdd1bebfb49c51ecbe3552c5c8348cc9", "text": "Worship and Believe Worship and Believe is a studio album by Steven Curtis Chapman . Essential Worship alongside Reunion Records released the album on March 4 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3558004d3a16512000974bbdadd71bb7", "text": "Simulacra and Simulation Simulacra and Simulation ( Simulacres et Simulation ) is a 1981 philosophical treatise by Jean Baudrillard , in which he seeks to examine the relationships among reality , symbols , and society . Simulacra are copies that depict things that either had no original to begin with , or that no longer have an original . Simulation is the imitation of the operation of a real-world process or system over time . Simulacra and Simulation is most known for its discussion of symbols , signs , and how they relate to contemporaneity ( simultaneous existences ) . Baudrillard claims that our current society has replaced all reality and meaning with symbols and signs , and that human experience is of a simulation of reality . Moreover , these simulacra are not merely mediations of reality , nor even deceptive mediations of reality ; they are not based in a reality nor do they hide a reality , they simply hide that nothing like reality is relevant to our current understanding of our lives . The simulacra that Baudrillard refers to are the significations and symbolism of culture and media that construct perceived reality , the acquired understanding by which our lives and shared existence is and are rendered legible ; Baudrillard believed that society has become so saturated with these simulacra and our lives so saturated with the constructs of society that all meaning was being rendered meaningless by being infinitely mutable . Baudrillard called this phenomenon the `` precession of simulacra '' . Simulacra and Simulation breaks the sign-order into four stages : The first stage is a faithful image/copy , where we believe , and it may even be correct , that a sign is a `` reflection of a profound reality '' ( pg 6 ) , this is a good appearance , in what Baudrillard called `` the sacramental order '' . The second stage is perversion of reality , this is where we come to believe the sign to be an unfaithful copy , which `` masks and denatures '' reality as an `` evil appearance -- it is of the order of maleficence '' . Here , signs and images do not faithfully reveal reality to us , but can hint at the existence of an obscure reality which the sign itself is incapable of encapsulating . The third stage masks the absence of a profound reality , where the sign pretends to be a faithful copy , but it is a copy with no original . Signs and images claim to represent something real , but no representation is taking place and arbitrary images are merely suggested as things which they have no relationship to . Baudrillard calls this the `` order of sorcery '' , a regime of semantic algebra where all human meaning is conjured artificially to appear as a reference to the ( increasingly ) hermetic truth . The fourth stage is pure simulacrum , in which the simulacrum has no relationship to any reality whatsoever . Here , signs merely reflect other signs and any claim to reality on the part of images or signs is only of the order of other such claims . This is a regime of total equivalency , where cultural products need no longer even pretend to be real in a naïve sense , because the experiences of consumers ' lives are so predominantly artificial that even claims to reality are expected to be phrased in artificial , `` hyperreal '' terms . Any naïve pretension to reality as such is perceived as bereft of critical self-awareness , and thus as oversentimental . Simulacra and Simulation identifies three types of simulacra and identifies each with a historical period : First order , associated with the premodern period , where representation is clearly an artificial placemarker for the real item . The uniqueness of objects and situations marks them as irreproducibly real and signification obviously gropes towards this reality . Second order , associated with the modernity of the Industrial Revolution , where distinctions between representation and reality break down due to the proliferation of mass-reproducible copies of items , turning them into commodities . The commodity 's ability to imitate reality threatens to replace the authority of the original version , because the copy is just as `` real '' as its prototype . Third order , associated with the postmodernity of Late Capitalism , where the simulacrum precedes the original and the distinction between reality and representation vanishes . There is only the simulation , and originality becomes a totally meaningless concept . Baudrillard theorizes that the lack of distinctions between reality and simulacra originates in several phenomena : Contemporary media including television , film , print , and the Internet , which are responsible for blurring the line between products that are needed ( in order to live a life ) and products for which a need is created by commercial images . Exchange value , in which the value of goods is based on money ( literally denominated fiat currency ) rather than usefulness , and moreover usefulness comes to be quantified and defined in monetary terms in order to assist exchange . Multinational capitalism , which separates produced goods from the plants , minerals and other original materials and the processes ( including the people and their cultural context ) used to create them . Urbanization , which separates humans from the nonhuman world , and re-centres culture around productive throughput systems so large they cause alienation . Language and ideology , in which language increasingly becomes caught up in the production of power relations between social groups , especially when powerful groups institute themselves at least partly in monetary terms . A specific analogy that Baudrillard uses is a fable derived from `` On Exactitude in Science '' by Jorge Luis Borges . In it , a great Empire created a map that was so detailed it was as large as the Empire itself . The actual map was expanded and destroyed as the Empire itself conquered or lost territory . When the Empire crumbled , all that was left was the map . In Baudrillard 's rendition , it is conversely the map that people live in , the simulation of reality where the people of Empire spend their lives ensuring their place in the representation is properly circumscribed and detailed by the map-makers ; conversely , it is reality that is crumbling away from disuse . The transition from signs which dissimulate something to signs which dissimulate that there is nothing , marks the decisive turning point . The first implies a theology of truth and secrecy ( to which the notion of ideology still belongs ) . The second inaugurates an age of simulacra and simulation , in which there is no longer any God to recognize his own , nor any last judgment to separate truth from false , the real from its artificial resurrection , since everything is already dead and risen in advance . When Baudrillard refers to the `` precession of simulacra '' in Simulacra and Simulation , he is referring to the way simulacra have come to precede the real in the sense mentioned above , rather than to any succession of historical phases of the image . Referring to `` On Exactitude in Science '' , he argued that just as for contemporary society the simulated copy had superseded the original object , so , too , the map had come to precede the geographic territory ( c.f. Map -- territory relation ) , e.g. the first Gulf War ( which Baudrillard later used as an object demonstration ) : the image of war preceded real war . War comes not when it is made by sovereign against sovereign ( not when killing for attritive and strategic neutralisation purposes is authorised ; nor even , properly spoken , when shots are fired ) ; rather , war comes when society is generally convinced that it is coming . Henceforth , it is the map that precedes the territory -- precession of simulacra -- it is the map that engenders the territory and if we were to revive the fable today , it would be the territory whose shreds are slowly rotting across the map .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bbcc5d8e8dbf844ffa82a76bca3561e9", "text": "Become What You Believe Become What You Believe is a 2006 album by Last Tuesday . It was originally released on August 15 , 2006 . The label was produced by Mono Vs Stereo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ff8629e92734190eb649e03006a46bf4", "text": "Make Believe (horse) Make Believe ( foaled 19 February 2012 ) is a British-bred , French-trained Thoroughbred racehorse . After winning both his races as a two-year-old he developed into a top-class performer in 2015 , recording Group One victories in the Poule d'Essai des Poulains and the Prix de la Foret .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b395f1d291cedf8edbca2074a549fe9a", "text": "I Believe (Marcella Detroit song) `` I Believe '' is a song by singer Marcella Detroit , released in February 1994 under London Records as the lead single from her album Jewel . Written by Detroit herself and produced by Chris Thomas , the song went on to become Detroit 's most successful single , peaking at # 11 in the UK , and reached similar success internationally .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb89410f44f522d62482ee6060fc60a1", "text": "Bible The Bible ( from Koine Greek τὰ βιβλία , tà biblía , `` the books '' ) is a collection of sacred texts or scriptures that Jews and Christians consider to be a product of divine inspiration and a record of the relationship between God and humans . Many different authors contributed to the Bible . What is regarded as canonical text differs depending on traditions and groups ; a number of Bible canons have evolved , with overlapping and diverging contents . The Christian Old Testament overlaps with the Hebrew Bible and the Greek Septuagint ; the Hebrew Bible is known in Judaism as the Tanakh . The New Testament is a collection of writings by early Christians , believed to be mostly Jewish disciples of Christ , written in first-century Koine Greek . These early Christian Greek writings consist of narratives , letters , and apocalyptic writings . Among Christian denominations there is some disagreement about the contents of the canon , primarily the Apocrypha , a list of works that are regarded with varying levels of respect . Attitudes towards the Bible also differ amongst Christian groups . Roman Catholics , Anglicans and Eastern Orthodox Christians stress the harmony and importance of the Bible and sacred tradition , while Protestant churches focus on the idea of sola scriptura , or scripture alone . This concept arose during the Protestant Reformation , and many denominations today support the use of the Bible as the only source of Christian teaching . With estimated total sales of over 5 billion copies , the Bible is widely considered to be the best-selling book of all time . It has estimated annual sales of 100 million copies , and has been a major influence on literature and history , especially in the West , where the Gutenberg Bible was the first book printed using movable type .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd5af43ad941940ab4010dc233751915", "text": "Got to Believe (season 2) Got to Believe started its second season storyline half-way of its 108th episode that was aired in the Philippines on January 22 , 2014 with the title , `` The New Chapter '' . Same with season 1 , each episode titles that appear at the intertitle were being used as official hashtags for the micro-blogging site Twitter . Season 2 had some of its scenes filmed in Singapore and this was also weaved into the narrative of the series . Chichay , Joaquin , Alex and Juliana were seen around the country 's famous places such as Merlion Park , The Helix Bridge , Marina Barrage , Gardens by the Bay , Haji Lane and Singapore Botanic Gardens . Being the final season , the television series concluded on March 7 , 2014 with the title `` Best Ending Ever '' .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c252de62da27926477b81fb08c74c56f", "text": "Macbeth Macbeth ( -LSB- məkˈbɛθ -RSB- full title The Tragedy of Macbeth ) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare ; it is thought to have been first performed in 1606 . It dramatises the damaging physical and psychological effects of political ambition on those who seek power for its own sake . Of all the plays that Shakespeare wrote during the reign of James I , who was patron of Shakespeare 's acting company , Macbeth most clearly reflects the playwright 's relationship with his sovereign . It was first published in the Folio of 1623 , possibly from a prompt book , and is Shakespeare 's shortest tragedy . A brave Scottish general named Macbeth receives a prophecy from a trio of witches that one day he will become King of Scotland . Consumed by ambition and spurred to action by his wife , Macbeth murders King Duncan and takes the Scottish throne for himself . He is then wracked with guilt and paranoia . Forced to commit more and more murders to protect himself from enmity and suspicion , he soon becomes a tyrannical ruler . The bloodbath and consequent civil war swiftly take Macbeth and Lady Macbeth into the realms of madness and death . Shakespeare 's source for the story is the account of Macbeth , King of Scotland ; Macduff ; and Duncan in Holinshed 's Chronicles ( 1587 ) , a history of England , Scotland , and Ireland familiar to Shakespeare and his contemporaries , although the events in the play differ extensively from the history of the real Macbeth . The events of the tragedy are usually associated with the execution of Henry Garnet for complicity in the Gunpowder Plot of 1605 . In the backstage world of theatre , some believe that the play is cursed , and will not mention its title aloud , referring to it instead as `` The Scottish Play '' . Over the course of many centuries , the play has attracted some of the most renowned actors to the roles of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth . It has been adapted to film , television , opera , novels , comics , and other media .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "c844f888c3d9d5ae63865855e0399e8b", "text": "Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead , often referred to as just Rosencrantz and Guildenstern , is an absurdist , existentialist tragicomedy by Tom Stoppard , first staged at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe in 1966 . The play expands upon the exploits of two minor characters from Shakespeare 's Hamlet , the courtiers Rosencrantz and Guildenstern . The action of Stoppard 's play takes place mainly `` in the wings '' of Shakespeare 's , with brief appearances of major characters from Hamlet who enact fragments of the original 's scenes . Between these episodes the two protagonists voice their confusion at the progress of events occurring onstage without them in Hamlet , of which they have no direct knowledge . Comparisons have also been drawn with Samuel Beckett 's Waiting for Godot , for the presence of two central characters who almost appear to be two halves of a single character . Many plot features are similar as well : the characters pass time by playing Questions , impersonating other characters , and interrupting each other or remaining silent for long periods of time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa643cbc5903ce20e90f52d7b779245e", "text": "Essay of Dramatick Poesie Essay of Dramatic Poesy by John Dryden was published in 1668 . It was probably written during the plague year of 1666 . Dryden takes up the subject that Philip Sidney had set forth in his Defence of Poesie ( 1580 ) and attempts to justify drama as a legitimate form of `` poetry '' comparable to the epic , as well as defend English drama against that of the ancients and the French . The treatise is a dialogue between four speakers : Eugenius , Crites , Lisideius , and Neander . The four speakers represented , respectively Charles Sackville ( Lord Buchhurst and later sixth Earl of Dorset ) , Sir Robert Howard -LSB- playwright and Dryden 's brother-in-law -RSB- , Sir Charles Sedley ( Edward Malone identified him as Lisideius ) and Dryden himself ( neander means `` new man '' and implies that Dryden , as a respected member of the gentry class , is entitled to join in this dialogue on an equal footing with the three older men who are his social superiors ) . On the day that the English fleet encounters the Dutch at sea near the mouth of the Thames , the four friends take a barge downriver towards the noise from the battle . Rightly concluding , as the noise subsides , that the English have triumphed , they order the bargeman to row them back upriver as they begin a dialogue on the advances made by modern civilization . They agree to measure progress by comparing ancient arts with modern , focusing specifically on the art of drama ( or `` dramatic poesy '' ) . The four men debate a series of three topics : ( 1 ) the relative merit of classical drama ( upheld by Crites ) vs. modern drama ( championed by Eugenius ) ; ( 2 ) whether French drama , as Lisideius maintains , is better than English drama ( supported by Neander , who famously calls Shakespeare `` the greatest soul , ancient or modern '' ) ; and ( 3 ) whether plays in rhyme are an improvement upon blank verse drama -- a proposition that Neander , despite having defended the Elizabethans , now advances against the skeptical Crites ( who also switches from his original position and defends the blank verse tradition of Elizabethan drama ) . Invoking the so-called unities from Aristotle 's Poetics ( as interpreted by Italian and refined by French scholars over the last century ) , the four speakers discuss what makes a play `` a just and lively imitation '' of human nature in action . This definition of a play , supplied by Lisideius/Orrery ( whose rhymed plays had dazzled the court and were a model for the new drama ) , gives the debaters a versatile and richly ambiguous touchstone . To Crites ' argument that the plots of classical drama are more `` just , '' Eugenius can retort that modern plots are more `` lively '' thanks to their variety . Lisideius shows that the French plots carefully preserve Aristotle 's unities of action , place , and time ; Neander replies that English dramatists like Ben Jonson also kept the unities when they wanted to , but that they preferred to develop character and motive . Even Neander 's final argument with Crites over whether rhyme is suitable in drama depends on Aristotle 's Poetics : Neander says that Aristotle demands a verbally artful ( `` lively '' ) imitation of nature , while Crites thinks that dramatic imitation ceases to be `` just '' when it departs from ordinary speech -- i.e. prose or blank verse . A year later , the two brothers-in-law quarreled publicly over this third topic . See Dryden 's `` Defense of An Essay of Dramatic Poesy '' ( 1669 ) , where Dryden tries to persuade the rather literal-minded Howard that audiences expect a play to be an imitation of nature , not a surrogate for nature itself .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31095dc15790d96977d92ed365422ab7", "text": "Macbeth (1979 film) Macbeth is a 1979 videotaped version of Trevor Nunn 's Royal Shakespeare Company production of the play by William Shakespeare . Produced by Thames Television , it features Ian McKellen as Macbeth and Judi Dench as Lady Macbeth . The TV version was directed by Philip Casson . The original stage production was performed at The Other Place , the RSC 's small studio theatre in Stratford-upon-Avon . It had been performed in the round before small audiences , with a bare stage and simple costuming . The recording preserves this style : the actors perform on a circular set and with a mostly black background ; changes of setting are indicated only by lighting changes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7edf40c04c99285584ae7f393107489", "text": "English Shakespeare Company The English Shakespeare Company was an English theatre company founded in 1986 by Michael Bogdanov and Michael Pennington to present and promote the works of William Shakespeare on both a national and an international level . Its inaugural production ( 1986 ) was an anthology entitled The Henrys ( Henry IV , Part 1 , Henry IV , Part 2 , and Henry V ) which opened at the Theatre Royal , Plymouth in December 1986 . A year later , several more plays ( Richard II , Henry VI : House of Lancaster , Henry VI : House of York and Richard III ) were added to the original productions and were presented as a complete history cycle under the title of The Wars of the Roses . The production toured for two years in seventeen venues in the UK including the Old Vic in London , as well as appearing at several international venues , including the Hong Kong Festival , opening the new Tokyo Globe Theatre , being the centrepiece of The World Theatre Festival of Chicago , and touring to Stamford , Connecticut , the Spoleto Festival , Melbourne , the Adelaide Festival , Brisbane , The Netherlands , Hamburg , Berlin and Frankfurt . In addition to The Wars of the Roses , productions of many individual Shakespeare plays were also presented . They included Twelfth Night , Macbeth , The Tempest , Romeo & Juliet , Antony and Cleopatra and As You Like It . The last production of ROMEO AND JULIET . indeed the closing production ended in Plymouth after touring the world .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b33f33a8da7eb25ad8645310159a5766", "text": "The Comedy The Comedy is a 2012 drama film directed and co-written by Rick Alverson , and starring Tim Heidecker . Supporting actors include Eric Wareheim ( Tim and Eric ) , James Murphy ( LCD Soundsystem ) , and Gregg Turkington ( better known as Neil Hamburger ) . The film was premiered at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival and screened within such festivals as Maryland Film Festival 2012 . The film was distributed by Tribeca Film and was slated for theatrical release on November 9 , 2012 and nationwide On Demand starting October 24 , 2012 . Despite the title and use of comedians as actors , Sundance festival chief programmer Trevor Groth says that the film is not a comedy , but instead `` a provocation , a critique of a culture based at its core around irony and sarcasm and about ultimately how hollow that is . '' The first ten minutes of the film was purposely leaked onto various torrent websites with an anti-piracy statement at the end of the video . The resulting publicity made the actual film the most pirated independent film of the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b1120501b341327bca0857c699f5e1a", "text": "The History of King Lear The History of King Lear is an adaptation by Nahum Tate of William Shakespeare 's King Lear . It first appeared in 1681 , some seventy-five years after Shakespeare 's version , and is believed to have replaced Shakespeare 's version on the English stage in whole or in part until 1838 . Unlike Shakespeare 's tragedy , Tate 's play has a happy ending , with Lear regaining his throne , Cordelia marrying Edgar , and Edgar joyfully declaring that `` truth and virtue shall at last succeed . '' Regarded as a tragicomedy , the play has five acts , as does Shakespeare 's , although the number of scenes is different , and the text is about eight hundred lines shorter than Shakespeare 's . Many of Shakespeare 's original lines are retained , or modified only slightly , but a significant portion of the text is entirely new , and much is omitted . The character of the Fool , for example , is absent . Although many critics -- including Joseph Addison , August Wilhelm Schlegel , Charles Lamb , William Hazlitt , and Anna Jameson -- condemned Tate 's adaptation for what they saw as its cheap sentimentality , it was popular with theatregoers , and was approved by Samuel Johnson , who regarded Cordelia 's death in Shakespeare 's play as unbearable . Shakespeare 's version continued to appear in printed editions of his works , but , according to numerous scholars , including A.C. Bradley and Stanley Wells , did not appear on the English stage for over a hundred and fifty years from the date of the first performance of Tate 's play . Actors such as Thomas Betterton , David Garrick , and John Philip Kemble , who were famous for the role of Lear , were portraying Tate 's Lear , not Shakespeare 's . The tragic ending was briefly restored by Edmund Kean in 1823 . In 1838 , William Charles Macready purged the text entirely of Tate , in favour of a shortened version of Shakespeare 's original . Finally , Samuel Phelps returned to the complete Shakespeare text in 1845 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8682025f2293a3b5dcba8f6d3f1f3085", "text": "Drama (UK TV series) Drama is a one-hour UK television anthology series produced by Open City Productions . It consists of seven episodes of abridged productions of classic plays that were aired on the British Broadcasting Company in 1977 . Episode titles are Oedipus Tyrannus , MacBeth , Medieval Mystery Plays , The Venetian Twins , The Way of the World , The Wild Duck , and Six Characters in Search of an Author . Actors included Patrick Stewart , Leo McKern , and Nigel Stock .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e5719fd94f29e011edd3081ae557f6e", "text": "The Taming of the Shrew The Taming of the Shrew is a comedy by William Shakespeare , believed to have been written between 1590 and 1592 . The play begins with a framing device , often referred to as the induction , in which a mischievous nobleman tricks a drunken tinker named Christopher Sly into believing he is actually a nobleman himself . The nobleman then has the play performed for Sly 's diversion . The main plot depicts the courtship of Petruchio and Katherina , the headstrong , obdurate shrew . Initially , Katherina is an unwilling participant in the relationship ; however , Petruchio `` tames '' her with various psychological torments , such as keeping her from eating and drinking , until she becomes a desirable , compliant , and obedient bride . The subplot features a competition between the suitors of Katherina 's younger sister , Bianca , who is seen as the `` ideal '' woman . The question of whether the play is misogynistic or not has become the subject of considerable controversy , particularly among modern scholars , audiences , and readers . The Taming of the Shrew has been adapted numerous times for stage , screen , opera , ballet , and musical theatre ; perhaps the most famous adaptations being Cole Porter 's Kiss Me , Kate and the 1967 film of the play , starring Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton . The 1999 high school comedy film 10 Things I Hate About You is also loosely based on the play .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65cd15b4e460035cda71682c3f60b774", "text": "The London Prodigal The London Prodigal is a play in English Renaissance theatre , a city comedy set in London , in which a prodigal son learns the error of his ways . The play was published in quarto in 1605 by the stationer Nathaniel Butter , and printed by Thomas Creede . In 1664 it was one of the seven plays that publisher Philip Chetwinde added to the second impression of his Third Folio of Shakespeare 's plays . The play was not entered into the Stationers ' Register , but it is attributed to William Shakespeare on the title page of the first ( and only ) edition . This attribution is widely and generally rejected by scholars . The title page also identifies the play as a King 's Men 's play . ( One critic has observed that it is questionable to reject the former assertion while accepting the latter . ) The London Prodigal has been dated as early as c. 1591 , and as late as 1603 -- 4 . It is one of a long series of `` prodigal son '' plays that reach back as far as the Bible for inspiration and precedent ; but it is also an example of the evolving Elizabethian genre of domestic dramas , and `` one of the first naturalistic dramas in English '' . Individual scholars have attributed the play to Ben Jonson , Thomas Dekker , John Marston , and Michael Drayton ; others have suggested Thomas Heywood and George Wilkins . None of these attributions , however , has been accepted by a significant proportion of the critical community .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d35c6305e991ac4d8020f77c2e9fa20e", "text": "Macbeth (1909 French film) Macbeth , is a silent 1909 film adaptation of the William Shakespeare play . It was released on December 3 , 1909 . It is a silent black-and-white film with French intertitles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "466fa179779d944bc01227d49545b4aa", "text": "Macbeth (1971 film) Macbeth ( or The Tragedy of Macbeth ) is a 1971 British-American historical drama film directed by Roman Polanski and co-written by Polanski and Kenneth Tynan . A film adaptation of William Shakespeare 's tragedy of the same name , it retells the story of the Highland lord who becomes King of Scotland through treachery and murder . The film stars Jon Finch as the title character and Francesca Annis as Lady Macbeth , noted for their relative youth as actors . Themes of historic recurrence , greater pessimism and internal ugliness in physically beautiful characters are added to Shakespeare 's story of moral decline , which is presented in a more realistic style . The production , funded by Playboy Enterprises , was troubled by poor weather around the British Isles , and the film was a box office bomb . Polanski 's Macbeth was screened out of competition at the 1972 Cannes Film Festival . It was somewhat controversial for its depictions of graphic violence and nudity , but has also received positive attention , and was named Best Film by the National Board of Review .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6db7588d38a5e70af0d120b0f246806", "text": "Dirty Water (comedy play) Dirty Water is a comedy play set in the housing additions of Glasgow , Scotland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57ed520d1fa0b3e975e9c635fb691b08", "text": "Three Days (of Hamlet) Three Days ( of Hamlet ) is an American documentary film from independent production company TMG , The Martindale Group , based in Los Angeles , California . TMG previously produced `` Pursuit of Happiness '' in 2000 starring Frank Whaley and Annabeth Gish . Three Days ( of Hamlet ) covers a troupe of actors , and others , who gather to rehearse and perform a staged-reading of William Shakespeare 's Tragedy of Hamlet at the Matrix Theatre in West Hollywood , California during three days in July 2010 . Reality intrudes . Alex Rotaru , Director of the documentary film Shakespeare High , in a personal message to the film 's creator , actor/director Alex Hyde-White , says about Three Days ( of Hamlet ) ' ... jaw-droppingly ambitious and often brilliant ... It was such an exquisite pleasure to learn something new about the play of all plays through your eyes . The pressure cooker in which you put yourself and your fellow actors was truly an ultimate test - I felt butterflies in my stomach just watching it . If Hamlet urges his actors to `` hold a mirror up to nature '' , you hold a mirror up to the mirror itself , doing what the French call ` mise en abime ' , or loosely : ` looking into the abyss of infinite reflections ' The film builds on its main structure of on-stage happenings by juxtaposing stories from the players , including actors Richard Chamberlain ( Polonius ) , Stefanie Powers ( Gertrude ) , Tom Badal ( Claudius ) , Peter Woodward ( Laertes/Player King ) and Joseph Culp ( Himself ) . The lead actor/manager Alex Hyde-White weaves his own personal dramatic narrative about `` Fathers and Sons '' as he recalls stories from his childhood as the son of the well-known British actor Wilfrid Hyde-White . At times , particularly when the character of Hamlet experiences the visitations from his father 's ghost , King Hamlet , the line of what is theatre and what is real life is purposely `` deconstructed '' and what happens onstage is commented on offstage resulting in a self-reflective dynamic of sometimes very powerful and moving proportions . Later , as the Son becomes the Father , a clear line of succession emerges in a profound , archetypal , way .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3054092baa71c5923aaa1acb320d2a9a", "text": "Macbeth (1915 film) Macbeth is a French 1915 film adaptation of the William Shakespeare play Macbeth . It was released on December 31 , 1915 in France . It is a silent black-and-white film with French intertitles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad47dc43670072898442977a55502324", "text": "Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation . A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts . The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cef454ba22f51cdaf980cb0862859940", "text": "Prop comedy Prop comedy is a comedy genre in which performers use humorous objects , or conventional objects in humorous ways . The stages and films term `` prop '' , an abbreviation of `` property '' , refers to any object an actor handles in the course of a performance . Though some form of prop comedy has likely existed as long as there have been comedians , the genre reached its zenith in the vaudeville era . The vaudeville team Olsen and Johnson used prop comedy extensively in their long running Broadway revue Hellzapoppin . A prop comic is a comedian who uses prop comedy . Prop comics are sometimes looked down upon by other comedians , and the term is sometimes used derisively . However , some , such as Tommy Cooper , rose to critical acclaim as their props revolved around a gimmick ( such as Cooper 's magic ) and the comedian 's character around that gimmick .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87344d0c18a98eb692a1dc15f57b74fc", "text": "Royal Shakespeare Company The Royal Shakespeare Company ( RSC ) is a major British theatre company , based in Stratford-upon-Avon , Warwickshire , England . The company employs over 1000 staff and produces around 20 productions a year . The RSC plays regularly in London , Newcastle upon Tyne and on tour across the UK and internationally . The company 's home is in Stratford-upon-Avon , where it has recently redeveloped its Royal Shakespeare and Swan theatres as part of a # 112.8-million `` Transformation '' project . The theatres re-opened in November 2010 , having closed in 2007 . The new buildings attracted 18,000 visitors within the first week and received a positive media response both upon opening , and following the first full Shakespeare performances . Performances in Stratford-upon-Avon continued throughout the Transformation project at the temporary Courtyard Theatre . As well as the plays of Shakespeare and his contemporaries , the RSC produces new work from living artists and develops creative links with theatre-makers from around the world , as well as working with teachers to inspire a lifelong love of William Shakespeare in young people and running events for everyone to explore and participate in its work . The RSC celebrated its fiftieth birthday season from April -- December 2011 , with two companies of actors presenting the first productions designed specifically for the new Royal Shakespeare and Swan Theatre stages . The 2011-season began with performances of Macbeth and a re-imagined lost play The History of Cardenio . The fiftieth birthday season also featured The Merchant of Venice with Sir Patrick Stewart and revivals of some of the RSC 's greatest plays , including a new staging of Marat/Sade . For the London 2012 Festival as part of the Cultural Olympiad , the RSC produced the World Shakespeare Festival , featuring artists from across the world performing in venues around the UK . In 2013 the company began live screenings of its Shakespeare productions -- called Live from Stratford-upon-Avon -- which are screened around the world . In 2016 , the company collaborated with Intel and The Imaginarium Studios to stage The Tempest , bringing performance capture to the Royal Shakespeare Theatre for the very first time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "10442e3d4e2c6aadbc1a9e5578517438", "text": "MacBird! MacBird ! is a 1967 satire by Barbara Garson that superimposed the transferral of power following the Kennedy assassination onto the plot of Shakespeare 's Macbeth . Thus John F. Kennedy becomes `` John Ken O'Dunc '' , Lyndon Johnson becomes `` MacBird '' , Lady Bird Johnson becomes `` Lady MacBird '' , and so forth . As Macbeth assassinates Duncan , so MacBird is responsible for the assassination of Ken O'Dunc ; and as Macbeth is defeated by Macduff , so MacBird is defeated by Robert Ken O'Dunc ( i.e. Robert Kennedy ) . This action is significantly influenced by the Three Witches , representing Students , Blacks , and Leftists . In a 2006 Washington Post interview Garson said she was not seriously accusing Johnson of complicity in the Kennedy assassination : `` People used to ask me then , ` Do you really think Johnson killed Kennedy ? ' '' Garson , now 65 , recalls . `` I never took that seriously . I used to say to people , ` If he did , it 's the least of his crimes . ' It was not what the play was about . The plot was a given . '' The play parodies sequences from Shakespearean tragedies including Macbeth , Hamlet , and Richard III , albeit with Texas and Boston accents . The action follows MacBird from the 1960 Democratic National Convention , when he becomes John Ken O'Dunc 's Vice-President ( `` Hail , Vice-President thou art ! '' ) , to Ken O'Dunc 's assassination ( at the urging of Lady MacBird ) , to a future Robert Ken O'Dunc victory over MacBird at the 1968 convention . Macbird ! started out as a short satirical sketch by Garson , a recent graduate of the Berkeley anti-Vietnam war movement . It was developed into a full-length play with help from writer/director Roy Levine ( and Shakespeare ) . The production , which opened a mere three years after the Kennedy assassination , was quite controversial . It has been said that pressure from local authorities was applied to theaters in New York who were considering it . The Village Gate was the only theater willing to defy this pressure and mount the play . Macbird opened there on February 22 , 1967 , and closed on January 21 , 1968 , after 386 performances . Roy Levine , who worked with Garson to develop the work from what was essentially a sketch to a full-length play , was the original director of Macbird ! His bold and unique theatrical vision marked the production throughout the run , although , near the end of the almost-complete previews , he was suddenly replaced by Gerald Freedman . Set design was by Clarke Dunham , costumes by Jeanne Button , and lights by Robert Brand . The stage manager was Joel Zwick . The opening night cast included : Stacy Keach as MacBird Rue McClanahan as Lady MacBird , Paul Hecht as John Ken O'Dunc William Devane as Robert Ken O'Dunc John Pleshette as Ted Ken O'Dunc John Clark as Earl of Warren Cleavon Little as Witch 2 The original cast recorded a two-disc album of the text on February 6 , 1967 . It was released in a boxed set with a copy of the script on the Evergreen label as Evergreen - EVR 004 John Clark left the cast early to marry Lynn Redgrave . Cleavon Little made his professional acting debut in the play . It went on to a long engagement but with a different cast in Los Angeles where ironically the next Kennedy assassination would occur on June 5 , 1968 when Robert Kennedy would be shot to death while running for the Democratic presidential nomination . There was also a `` MacBird ! '' production by San Francisco 's Committee Theater circa 1968 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce3ed9579010234c436c20ae7d253f27", "text": "Troilus and Cressida Troilus and Cressida ( -LSB- ˈtrɔɪləs_ən_ˈkrɛsᵻdə -RSB- ) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare , believed to have been written in 1602 . It was described by Frederick S. Boas as one of Shakespeare 's problem plays . The play ends on a very bleak note with the death of the noble Trojan Hector and destruction of the love between Troilus and Cressida . The work has in recent years `` stimulated exceptionally lively critical debate '' . Throughout the play , the tone lurches wildly between bawdy comedy and tragic gloom , and readers and theatre-goers have frequently found it difficult to understand how one is meant to respond to the characters . However , several characteristic elements of the play ( the most notable being its constant questioning of intrinsic values such as hierarchy , honour and love ) have often been viewed as distinctly `` modern , '' as in the following remarks on the play by author and literary scholar Joyce Carol Oates : Troilus and Cressida , that most vexing and ambiguous of Shakespeare 's plays , strikes the modern reader as a contemporary document -- its investigation of numerous infidelities , its criticism of tragic pretensions , above all , its implicit debate between what is essential in human life and what is only existential are themes of the twentieth century . ... This is tragedy of a special sort -- the `` tragedy '' the basis of which is the impossibility of conventional tragedy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2b90a9e89695d680c09c092b3fc3918", "text": "Humour Humour ( British English ) or humor ( American English ; see spelling differences ) is the tendency of particular cognitive experiences to provoke laughter and provide amusement . The term derives from the humoral medicine of the ancient Greeks , which taught that the balance of fluids in the human body , known as humours ( Latin : humor , `` body fluid '' ) , controlled human health and emotion . People of all ages and cultures respond to humour . Most people are able to experience humour -- be amused , smile or laugh at something funny -- and thus are considered to have a sense of humour . The hypothetical person lacking a sense of humour would likely find the behaviour inducing it to be inexplicable , strange , or even irrational . Though ultimately decided by personal taste , the extent to which a person finds something humorous depends on a host of variables , including geographical location , culture , maturity , level of education , intelligence and context . For example , young children may favour slapstick such as Punch and Judy puppet shows or the Tom and Jerry cartoons , whose physical nature makes it accessible to them . By contrast , more sophisticated forms of humour such as satire require an understanding of its social meaning and context , and thus tend to appeal to a more mature audience .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "6caa83d8c207aff7e13036f17dfc397d", "text": "New York City The City of New York , often called New York City or simply New York , is the most populous city in the United States . With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about 302.6 sqmi , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States . Located at the southern tip of the state of New York , the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area , one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world . A global power city , New York City exerts a significant impact upon commerce , finance , media , art , fashion , research , technology , education , and entertainment , its fast pace defining the term New York minute . Home to the headquarters of the United Nations , New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural , financial , and media capital of the world . Situated on one of the world 's largest natural harbors , New York City consists of five boroughs , each of which is a separate county of New York State . The five boroughs -- Brooklyn , Queens , Manhattan , The Bronx , and Staten Island -- were consolidated into a single city in 1898 . The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States , and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York , making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world . New York City is home to more than 3.2 million residents born outside the United States , the world 's largest foreign-born population of any city . By 2016 estimates , the New York City metropolitan region remains by a significant margin the most populous in the United States , as defined by both the Metropolitan Statistical Area ( MSA ) , 20.2 million residents , and the Combined Statistical Area ( CSA ) , 23.7 million residents . In 2013 , the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product ( GMP ) of nearly US$ 1.39 trillion . In 2012 , the CSA generated a GMP of over US$ 1.55 trillion . NYC 's MSA and CSA GDP are higher than the GDPs of all but 11 and 12 countries , respectively . New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626 . The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother , the Duke of York . New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790 . It has been the country 's largest city since 1790 . The Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy . In the 21st century , New York has emerged as a global node of creativity and entrepreneurship , social tolerance , and environmental sustainability . Many districts and landmarks in New York City have become well known , and the city received a record of nearly 60 million tourists in 2015 , hosting three of the world 's ten most visited tourist attractions in 2013 . Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world . Times Square , iconic as the world 's `` heart '' and its `` Crossroads '' , is the brightly illuminated hub of the Broadway Theater District , one of the world 's busiest pedestrian intersections , and a major center of the world 's entertainment industry . The names of many of the city 's bridges , tapered skyscrapers , and parks are known around the world . Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan , New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world , and the city is home to the world 's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization , the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ . Manhattan 's real estate market is among the most expensive in the world . Manhattan 's Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere , with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city . Providing continuous 24/7 service , the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide , with stations in operation . Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City , including Columbia University , New York University , and Rockefeller University , which have been ranked among the top 35 in the world .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "99716522da864ba047a9cddf81e5d106", "text": "United States presidential election in New York, 1884 The 1884 United States presidential election in New York took place on November 4 , 1884 . All contemporary 38 states were part of the 1884 United States presidential election . New York voters chose 36 electors to the Electoral College , which selected the President and Vice President . New York was won by the Democratic nominees , Governor Grover Cleveland of New York and his running mate former Senator and Governor Thomas A. Hendricks of Indiana . Cleveland and Hendricks defeated the Republican nominees , former Secretary of State and Senator James G. Blaine of Maine and his running mate Senator John A. Logan of Illinois . Cleveland narrowly carried New York State with a plurality of 48.25 % of the vote to Blaine 's 48.15 % , a victory margin of 0.10 % . In a distant third came the Prohibition Party candidate John St. John with 2.14 % , while Greenback Party candidate Benjamin Butler came in fourth with 1.46 % . New York weighed in for this election as less than 1 % more Republican than the national average . Cleveland 's narrow victory in his home state , with its 36 electoral votes , proved decisive in clinching him the 1884 election and allowing him to win the presidency . He won despite strong opposition to Cleveland from the corrupt Tammany Hall machine , which held significant influence over New York 's politics . Cleveland performed most strongly downstate in the New York City area , where he won New York County , Kings County , Queens County , and received over 60 % of the vote in Richmond County . Cleveland also won nearby Suffolk County , Westchester County , and Rockland County . Blaine won much of upstate New York , including a victory in Erie County , home to the city of Buffalo , although Cleveland did manage to win Albany County , home to the state capital of Albany , along with several rural upstate counties .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8807bfa2aab2f338a3f3844b20bf6f1c", "text": "New York Guard The New York Guard '' ' is the state defense force of New York State , also called The New York State Military Reserve . , the New York Guard , a recognized command under the New York State 's Military law , has line-item funding in the state budget . Now with a unified command structure , formerly the organization contained an Army Division and an Air Division . The missions of the New York Guard include augmentation , assistance , and support of the New York Army National Guard and New York Air National Guard respectively and aide to civil authorities in New York State . New York also has a New York Naval Militia which , with the State Guard and the Army and Air National Guards , is under the command of the Governor of New York , the Adjutant General of New York , and the Division of Military and Naval Affairs ( DMNA ) . The New York Guard is one of the largest and best organized State Guards in the United States . It is historically derived from Revolutionary and Civil War era state military units that were reorganized several times in American history in response to various international and domestic crises . Organized under the Military Law , State of New York , the New York Guard can not be federalized and can not be deployed outside New York State without the consent of the governor . Members of the New York Guard are entitled to many of the benefits accorded members of other components of the ` Organized Militia of the State of New York , ' the legal collective term describing the New York Army and Air National Guards , New York Naval Militia and New York Guard . These include ` military leave ' for employees of state or local governments and many private employers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81e5b640d193bdc50c8bb3724095243a", "text": "New York City mayoral elections The Mayor of the City of New York is elected in early November every four years and takes office at the beginning of the following year . The city , which elects the mayor as its chief executive , consists of the five boroughs ( Manhattan , The Bronx , Brooklyn , Queens and Staten Island ) , which consolidated to form `` Greater '' New York on January 1 , 1898 . The consolidated city 's first mayor , Robert A. Van Wyck , was elected with other municipal officers in November 1897 . Mayoral elections had previously been held since 1834 by the City of Brooklyn and the smaller , unconsolidated City of New York ( Manhattan , later expanded into the Bronx ) . The current mayor , now in his first term , is Bill de Blasio . He was elected on November 5 , 2013 , to a four-year term that began on January 1 , 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57f27d996c40f7b73986158ec8f8b15a", "text": "Long Island City Long Island City ( L.I.C. ) is the westernmost residential and commercial neighborhood of the New York City borough of Queens . L.I.C. is noted for its rapid and ongoing residential growth and gentrification , its waterfront parks , and its thriving arts community . L.I.C. has among the highest concentration of art galleries , art institutions , and studio space of any neighborhood in New York City . It is bordered by Astoria to the north ; the East River to the west ; Hazen Street , 49th Street , and New Calvary Cemetery in Sunnyside to the east ; and Newtown Creek -- which separates Queens from Greenpoint , Brooklyn -- to the south . It originally was the seat of government of the Town of Newtown , and remains the largest neighborhood in Queens . The area is part of Queens Community Board 1 , located north of the Queensboro Bridge and Queens Plaza ; it is also of Queens Community Board 2 to the south . Long Island City is the eastern terminus of the Queensboro Bridge , also known as the 59th Street Bridge , which is the only non-toll automotive route connecting Queens and Manhattan . Northwest of the bridge terminus are the Queensbridge Houses , a development of the New York City Housing Authority and the largest public housing complex in North America . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec025934f7b12544107f62d4739ef0a8", "text": "19th New York State Legislature The 19th New York State Legislature , consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly , met from January 6 to April 11 , 1796 , during the first year of John Jay 's governorship , in New York City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "60985aad6ff38b705ecf849bf1cc739d", "text": "18th New York State Legislature The 18th New York State Legislature , consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly , met from January 6 to April 9 , 1795 , during the eighteenth year of George Clinton 's governorship , first in Poughkeepsie , then in New York City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca10264e9595c776a10ea8aad685bbc3", "text": "City-state A city-state is a sovereign state that consists of a city and its dependent territories . Historically , this included cities such as Rome , Athens , Carthage , and the Italian city-states during the Renaissance -- but today only a handful of sovereign city-states exist , with some disagreement as to which are city-states . A great deal of consensus exists that the term properly applies to Singapore , Monaco , and Vatican City . A number of other small states share similar characteristics , and therefore are sometimes also cited as modern city-states . Namely , Qatar , Brunei , Kuwait , Bahrain , and Malta , which each have an urban center comprising a significant proportion of the population , though , all have several distinct settlements and a designated or de facto capital city . Occasionally , other small states with high population densities , such as San Marino , are also cited , despite lacking a large urban centre characteristic of traditional city-states . Several non-sovereign cities enjoy a high degree of autonomy , and are sometimes considered city-states . Hong Kong and Macau , along with independent members of the United Arab Emirates , most notably Dubai and Abu Dhabi , are often cited as such .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a11b067c091304a22beee8464a854be", "text": "New York Supreme Court The Supreme Court of the State of New York is the trial-level court of general jurisdiction in the New York State Unified Court System . ( Its Appellate Division is also the highest intermediate appellate court . ) It is vested with unlimited civil and criminal jurisdiction , although outside New York City it acts primarily as a court of civil jurisdiction , with most criminal matters handled in County Court . There is a branch of the New York Supreme Court in each of New York 's 62 counties . Unlike in most other states , the Supreme Court is a trial court and is not the highest court in the state . The highest court of the State of New York is the Court of Appeals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2b58813390a70df8fac722e7eb592e0", "text": "Courts of New York Courts of New York include : State courts of New York New York Court of Appeals New York Supreme Court , Appellate Division ( 4 departments ) New York Supreme Court ( 13 judicial districts ) New York County Court ( 57 courts , one for each county outside New York City ) New York Surrogate 's Court New York Family Court New York Court of Claims New York city courts New York City Criminal Court New York City Civil Court New York town and village courts Federal courts located in New York United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ( headquartered in Manhattan , having jurisdiction over the United States District Courts of Connecticut , New York , and Vermont ) United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York United States District Court for the Northern District of New York United States District Court for the Southern District of New York United States District Court for the Western District of New York United States Court of International Trade ( headquartered in New York City ) Former federal courts of New York United States District Court for the District of New York ( extinct , subdivided )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "676e88a8d7840f2632dbf7c9f55a6a50", "text": "Dutch Americans Dutch Americans are Americans of Dutch descent whose ancestors came from The Netherlands in the recent or distant past . Whether intentional or not , they usually maintain connections with their Dutch heritage , by having , for example , a Dutch surname or belonging to a Dutch community group . Dutch settlement in the Americas started in 1613 with New Amsterdam , which was exchanged with the British for the current Suriname at the treaty of Breda ( 1667 ) and renamed New York City . The British split the Dutch colony of New Netherlands into two pieces , and named them New York and New Jersey . Further waves of immigration occurred in the 19th and 20th centuries . According to the 2013 American Community Survey , an estimated 4.5 million Americans claim total or partial Dutch heritage . Today the majority of the Dutch Americans live in Michigan , California , Montana , Minnesota , New York , Wisconsin , Idaho , Utah , Iowa , Ohio , West Virginia , and Pennsylvania .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bda35cfacb43d69518f1cd87c6c26f8c", "text": "The New World (newspaper) The New World was a weekly newspaper in New York City , New York , in the United States.The New World was published from October 1839 to 1845 by J. Winchester . The paper was founded and edited by Park Benjamin Sr. . It billed itself as an apolitical `` family newspaper '' , featuring British and American literature and religious discourses . The paper 's masthead reads : `` No pent-up Utica contracts our powers ; The whole unbounded Continent is ours ! , '' a quote originally attributed to Jonathan M. Sewall from his epilogue to Cato , a Tragedy in 1778 . Notable contributions include : Charles Dickens ' Barnaby Rudge , reprinted in 1841 in weekly installments after its original appearance in Master Humphrey 's Clock . Thomas Carlyle 's six-part lecture series On Heroes , Hero-Worship , and The Heroic in History , printed in 1841 . Thomas Moore 's `` Fifteen Songs , '' a collection of unpublished songs published in 1841 , which were later released in The Poetical Works of Thomas Moore . Anna Cora Mowatt 's complete play , Gulzara or The Persian Slave : 1 drama in Five Acts , in 1841 . E.P. Hurlbut 's `` The Rights of Woman , '' later published in his work , Essays on Human Rights and their Political Gauranties in 1845 . Hurlbut knew Elizabeth Cady Stanton and the Declaration of Sentiments from the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 follows many of the examples set forth in `` The Rights of Woman . '' G.P.R. James ' complete novels , The Jacquerie and Morley Ernstein ; or , The Tenants of the Heart , both published in extra editions in 1842 . Sarah Stickney Ellis ' complete novel , Summer and Winter in the Pyrenees .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "900ae894ee3e832df2399de4049c63c6", "text": "Crime in Washington, D.C. Crime in Washington , D.C. , is directly related to the city 's changing demographics , geography , and unique criminal justice system . The District 's population reached a peak of 982,178 in 1950 . However , shortly thereafter , the city began losing residents and by 1980 Washington had lost one-quarter of its population . The population loss to the suburbs also created a new demographic pattern , which divided affluent neighborhoods west of Rock Creek Park from more crime-ridden and blighted areas to the east . Despite being the headquarters of multiple federal law enforcement agencies , such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) and United States Drug Enforcement Administration ( DEA ) , the nationwide crack epidemic of the 1980s and 1990s greatly affected the city and led to large increases in crime . The number of homicides in Washington peaked in 1991 at 897 ( a rate of nearly 60.8 homicides per 100,000 residents ) , and the city eventually became known as the `` murder capital '' of the United States . The crime rate started to fall in the mid-1990s as the crack cocaine epidemic gave way to economic revitalization projects . Gentrification efforts have also started to transform the demographics of distressed neighborhoods , recently leading to the first rise in the District 's population in 60 years . By the mid-2000s , crime rates in Washington dropped to their lowest levels in over 20 years . As in many major cities , crime remains a significant factor in D.C. , especially in the city 's northwestern neighborhoods , which tend to be more affluent , draw more tourists , and have more vibrant nightlife . Violent crime also remains a problem in Ward 8 , which has the city 's highest concentration of poverty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32f73d4bf9c20413f2fd6330a37b0315", "text": "New York City ethnic enclaves Since its founding in 1625 by Dutch traders as New Amsterdam , New York City has been a major destination for immigrants of many nationalities who have formed ethnic enclaves , neighborhoods dominated by one ethnicity . Freed African American slaves also moved to New York City in the Great Migration and the later Second Great Migration and formed ethnic enclaves . These neighborhoods are set apart from the main city by differences such as food , goods for sale , or even language . Ethnic enclaves provide inhabitants security in work and social opportunities , but limit economic opportunities , do not encourage the development of English speaking , and keep immigrants in their own culture . , 36 % of the population of New York City are immigrants . African Americans , Haitian Americans , Jamaican Americans , Indo-Caribbean Americans , and Trinidadian Americans have all formed Caribbean ethnic enclaves in New York . Asian ethnic groups with enclaves in New York include Chinese Americans , Japanese Americans , Filipino Americans , Indian Americans , Indo-Caribbean Americans , Afghan Americans , Burmese Americans , Bangladeshi Americans , Nepalese Americans , Sri Lankan Americans , Bhutanese Americans , Thai Americans , Pakistani Americans , Indonesian Americans , Malaysian Americans , Taiwanese Americans , and Korean Americans . European ethnic groups with ethnic enclaves include Greek Americans , Irish Americans , Italian Americans , Albanian Americans , Jewish Americans , Polish Americans , and Russian Americans . Latin American groups with ethnic enclaves include Dominican Americans , Guyanese , Salvadoran American , Ecuadorian American , Mexican Americans , and Puerto Ricans . Middle Eastern ethnic groups that have formed ethnic enclaves include Palestinian Americans , Jordanian Americans , Egyptian Americans , Syrian Americans and Lebanese Americans . As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York , making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df4ab110cfce21a310349bf653859223", "text": "Great Fire of New York (1776) The Great Fire of New York was a devastating fire that burned through the night of September 20 -- 21 , 1776 and into the morning of September 21 , on the West Side of what then constituted New York City at the southern end of the island of Manhattan . It broke out in the early days of the military occupation of the city by British forces during the American Revolutionary War . The fire destroyed about one third of the city and some unburned parts of the city were plundered . Many people believed or assumed that one or more people deliberately started the fire , for a variety of different reasons . British leaders accused revolutionaries acting within the city and state , and many residents assumed that one side or the other had started it . The fire had long-term effects on the British occupation of the city , which did not end until 1783 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30fdf20f801db7f46bab534f281dd7b5", "text": "Jacob Leisler Jacob Leisler ( ca. 1640 -- May 16 , 1691 ) was a German-born colonist in the Province of New York . He gained wealth in New Amsterdam ( later New York City ) in the fur trade and tobacco business . In what became known as Leisler 's Rebellion following the English Revolution of 1688 , he took control of the city , and ultimately the entire province , from appointees of deposed King James , in the name of the Protestant accession of William and Mary . Beginning in 1689 , Leisler led an insurrection and seized control of the city by taking over Fort James at the lower end of Manhattan . He took over control of the entire province , appointing himself as acting Lieutenant Governor of the Province of New York , which he retained until March 1691 , refusing to yield power until the newly appointed governor himself finally arrived . While Leisler claimed to have acted to support the Protestant accession against Jacobite officeholders in New York , he was arrested by the newly appointed governor of New York in March 1691 . With opponents active against him , he was condemned and executed in New York City for treason against the English monarchs William and Mary . His estate was forfeited to the Crown . During his period of control , Leisler completed a major purchase of property from John Pell , lord of Pelham Manor , to set up a French Huguenot settlement north of Manhattan . This developed as the city of New Rochelle , New York . Leisler 's son and supporters found the trial and conviction most unjust ; it was mounted by his enemies . They worked to gain clearing of the names of Leisler and Milborne and restoration of their estates to their heirs , which was achieved in 1695 by an act of Parliament . Remains of the two men were reinterred with honors at the Dutch Reformed Church in Manhattan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7841c6ff75de25b25f73b25019c3116", "text": "New York State Capitol The New York State Capitol , the seat of New York State government , is located in Albany , the capital city of the U.S. state of New York . The capitol building is part of the Empire State Plaza complex on State Street in Capitol Park . Housing the New York State Legislature , the building was completed in 1899 at a cost of US$ 25 million ( equivalent to $ million in ) , making it the most expensive government building of its time . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971 , then included as a contributing property when the Lafayette Park Historic District was listed in 1978 . The New York State Capitol was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1979 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d80e79fb418c0f45d2608585799c2b24", "text": "Biltmore Conference The Biltmore Conference , also known by its resolution as the Biltmore Program , was a fundamental departure from traditional Zionist policy with its demand `` that Palestine be established as a Jewish Commonwealth . '' The meeting was held in New York City at the prestigious Biltmore Hotel from May 6 to May 11 , 1942 with 600 delegates and Zionist leaders from 18 countries attending . The Biltmore Program has been described by a number of historians as `` a virtual coup d'etat '' within the Zionist movement , in which more moderate leaders were replaced with leaders with more aggressive goals . Prior to Biltmore , official Zionism steadfastly refused to formulate the ultimate aim of the movement preferring instead to concentrate on the practical task of building the Jewish National Home . The Biltmore Program became the official Zionist stand on the ultimate aim of the movement . According to Ben-Gurion , the `` first and essential '' stage of the program was the immigration of two million additional Jews to Palestine , a target which later became official Zionist policy after being revised downwards in the One Million Plan . There was no reference to the Arab population of Palestine , and , according to Anita Shapira , marked a transition to the view that conflict was inevitable between the Arabs and Jews , and could only resolved by the sword . The major shift at Biltmore was prompted by intense common opposition to the British White Paper of 1939 , which interpreted the terms of the Mandate in a way that would freeze `` the Jewish community to a permanent minority status , '' and the then-current war negative situation . It was also prompted by the realization that America would play a larger part in fulfillment of Zionist designs after the war . Official Zionism 's firm , unequivocal stand did not please every one , however . The pro-British Chaim Weizmann had bristled at them and bi-nationalists such as Henrietta Szold and Judah L. Magnes rejected them and broke off to establish their own party , Ichud ( Unification ) , that advocated an Arab -- Jewish Federation . Opposition to the Biltmore Program also lead to the founding of the anti-Zionist American Council for Judaism . Various Zionist organizations were represented in the American Emergency Committee of Zionist Affairs , which called an `` Extraordinary Zionist Conference '' as a substitute for the full ( 22nd ) Zionist Congress which had been cancelled due to World War II . Attendees included Chaim Weizmann , as President of the World Zionist Organization , David Ben-Gurion as Chairman of the Jewish Agency Executive , and Nahum Goldmann as a member of the Executive of the Zionist Organization of America . The four main organisations of American Jewry represented were : the Zionist Organization of America , Hadassah , Mizrahi , and Poale Zion . Among the American organizers was Reform Rabbi Abba Hillel Silver .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd755fae61d170b8f18958d15acaaea8", "text": "New Spain New Spain ( Nueva España ) was a colonial territory of the Spanish Empire , in the New World north of the Isthmus of Panama . It was established following the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521 , and following additional conquests , it was made a viceroyalty ( Spanish : virreinato ) in 1535 . The first of four viceroyalties Spain created in the Americas , it comprised Mexico , Central America , much of the Southwestern and Central United States , and Spanish Florida as well as the Philippines , Guam , Mariana and Caroline Islands . After 1535 the colony was governed by the Viceroy of New Spain , an appointed minister of the King of Spain , who ruled as monarch over the colony . The capital of New Spain was Mexico City . New Spain lost parts of its territory to other European powers and independence , but the core area remained under Spanish control until 1821 , when it achieved independence as the Mexican Empire -- when the latter dissolved , it became modern Mexico and Central America . It developed highly regional divisions , which reflect the impact of climate , topography , the presence or absence of dense indigenous populations , and the presence or absence of mineral resources . The areas of central and southern Mexico had dense indigenous populations with complex social , political , and economic organization . The northern area of Mexico , a region of nomadic and semi-nomadic indigenous populations , was not generally conducive to dense settlements , but the discovery of silver in Zacatecas in the 1540s drew settlement there to exploit the mines . Silver mining not only became the engine of the economy of New Spain , but vastly enriched Spain , and transformed the global economy . New Spain was the New World terminus of the Philippine trade , making the viceroyalty a vital link between Spain 's New World empire and its Asian empire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af31ebac68c687b708e9d783d429cba4", "text": "New York City draft riots The New York draft riots ( July 13 -- 16 , 1863 ) , known at the time as Draft Week , were violent disturbances in Lower Manhattan , widely regarded as the culmination of working-class discontent with new laws passed by Congress that year to draft men to fight in the ongoing American Civil War . The riots remain the largest civil and racial insurrection in American history , aside from the Civil War itself . U.S. President Abraham Lincoln diverted several regiments of militia and volunteer troops from following up after the Battle of Gettysburg to control the city . The rioters were overwhelmingly working-class men , who resented that wealthier men , who could afford to pay a $ 300 ( equivalent to $ 9,157 in 2017 ) commutation fee to hire a substitute , were spared from the draft . Initially intended to express anger at the draft , the protests turned into a race riot , with white rioters , predominantly Irish immigrants , attacking blacks throughout the city . The official death toll was listed at either 119 or 120 individuals . Conditions in the city were such that Major General John E. Wool , commander of the Department of the East , said on July 16 that `` Martial law ought to be proclaimed , but I have not a sufficient force to enforce it . '' The military did not reach the city until after the first day of rioting , by which time the mobs , primarily ethnic Irish , had already ransacked or destroyed numerous public buildings , two Protestant churches , the homes of various abolitionists or sympathizers , many black homes , and the Colored Orphan Asylum at 44th Street and Fifth Avenue , which was burned to the ground . The area 's demographics changed as a result of the riot . Many blacks left Manhattan permanently ( many moving to Brooklyn ) . By 1865 their population fell below 10,000 , the number in 1820 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "53f91e93ce0ac25bb4376534f2af933a", "text": "Lower Manhattan Lower Manhattan , also known as Downtown Manhattan , is the southernmost part of Manhattan , the central borough for business , culture , and government in the City of New York , which itself originated at the southern tip of Manhattan Island in 1624 .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a2f7b0042af6858314baddf3269e2383", "text": "Jon Pertwee John Devon Roland Pertwee ( 7 July 1919 -- 20 May 1996 ) , known professionally as Jon Pertwee , was an English actor , entertainer and cabaret performer . Pertwee is most known for starring as the Third Doctor in the science-fiction series Doctor Who between 1970 and 1974 . Pertwee also spent 18 years ( 1959 -- 1977 ) playing Chief petty officer Pertwee in The Navy Lark on BBC Radio . He later played the title character in the series Worzel Gummidge from 1979 to 1981 , and again from 1987 to 1989 . As an actor , Pertwee appeared in many comedy roles and was once described as having `` rubbery features and ability to affect silly voices '' . Earlier in his career , Pertwee had worked as a vaudeville comedian , performed at the Glasgow Empire Theatre and shared a bill with Max Wall and Jimmy James . Towards the end of his life , he performed to audiences in a one-man show called Who Is Jon Pertwee ? .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "fd2b98b813f5b0bff0bb1863bc55292e", "text": "Who's Been Writing on the Wall Again `` Who 's Been Writing on the Wall Again '' is a song written by Barry Gibb in 1965 . It was first recorded by Jenny Bradley and was released in 1965 on Leedon Records . Bradley was only 10 or 11 years old when the song was recorded . Like the Gibb brothers , she first appeared on the Australian television and then signed to Leedon . It was Bradley 's third single . The B-side `` Chubby '' was also written by Barry himself . Contrary to belief it was never recorded by the Bee Gees but was included in Assault the Vaults - Rare Australian Cover Versions Of The Brothers Gibb in 1998 . It was also included on the Swan Songs - Rare Recordings Volume 1 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ca499cfcab58b48dfa5da1de08b36e9", "text": "William Wall (writer) William `` Bill '' Wall ( born 1955 ) is an Irish novelist , poet and short story writer . He was born in Cork City in 1955 , but grew up in the coastal village of Whitegate . He received his secondary education at the Christian Brothers School in Midleton . He progressed to University College Cork where he graduated in Philosophy and English . He taught as an English and drama teacher at Presentation Brothers College , Cork , where he inspired Cillian Murphy to enter acting .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "23585aef9ebc6c14724579bca7249e4b", "text": "The Climb (Game of Thrones) `` The Climb '' is the sixth episode of the third season of HBO 's fantasy television series Game of Thrones , and the 26th episode of the series . Directed by Alik Sakharov and written by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss , it aired on May 5 , 2013 . The episode 's title comes from climbing of the wall by Jon Snow and Ygritte , and also the references from dialogue between Lord Petyr Baelish and Lord Varys .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6bd9574543e7a178405d7ad39c301f4d", "text": "Party wall A party wall ( occasionally parti-wall or parting wall , also known as common wall ) is a dividing partition between two adjoining buildings ( or units ) that is shared by the tenants of each residence or business . When built for this purpose , the builder will lay the wall along a property line dividing two terraced flats or row houses , so that one half of the wall 's thickness lies on each property . This type of wall is usually structural . Party walls can also be formed by two abutting walls built at different times . The term can be also used to describe a division between separate units within a multi-unit apartment complex . Very often the wall in this case is non-structural but designed to meet established criteria for sound and/or fire protection between residential units . Party walls are typically made of non-combustible material . Where required by code , the party wall could be a firewall . The wall starts at the foundation and continues up to a parapet , creating two separate and structurally independent buildings on either side .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9dfbf3858a1544b8a4d4ac6d914943a6", "text": "Wall of Love The Wall of Love ( Le mur des je t ` aime , lit . the I Love You Wall ) is a love-themed 40 m2 wall in the Jehan Rictus garden square in Montmartre , Paris , France . The wall was created in 2000 by calligraphist Fédéric Baron and mural artist Claire Kito and is composed of 612 tiles of enamelled lava , on which the phrase `` I love you '' is featured 311 times in 250 languages . Each tile is 21 × . The red splashes on the wall symbolize parts of a broken heart . The wall is open to public free of charge .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90ea72a560ab1a4e886473573a17f895", "text": "The Critic The Critic is an American prime time animated series revolving around the life of New York film critic Jay Sherman , voiced by actor Jon Lovitz . It was created by writing partners Al Jean and Mike Reiss , who had previously worked as writers and showrunners ( seasons 3 and 4 ) on The Simpsons . The Critic had 23 episodes produced , first broadcast on ABC in 1994 , and finishing its original run on Fox in 1995 . According to PopMatters , `` the creators -LSB- said -RSB- they intended the series as their ` love letter to New York . ' '' Episodes featured movie parodies with notable examples including a musical version of Apocalypse Now , Howard Stern 's End ( Howards End ) , Honey , I Ate the Kids ( Honey , I Shrunk the Kids/The Silence of the Lambs ) , The Cockroach King ( The Lion King ) , Abe Lincoln : Pet Detective ( Ace Ventura : Pet Detective ) , Scent of a Jackass and Scent of a Wolfman ( Scent of a Woman ) . The show often referenced popular movies such as Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory and The Godfather , and routinely lampooned actor Marlon Brando and actor/director Orson Welles . They also spoofed Dudley Moore , usually as his character Arthur Bach from the 1981 film Arthur . Despite the ratings improving , The Critic was cancelled after two seasons . It continued to air through reruns on Comedy Central and then on Locomotion . From February 1 , 2000 to 2001 , ten webisodes were later produced using Adobe Shockwave , and were broadcast on AtomFilms.com and Shockwave.com . In 2004 , the DVD box set was released , which includes all 23 TV episodes ( in their original production order ) and the webisodes . In the late 2000s , reruns of the show aired again on ReelzChannel in the US and on Teletoon 's programming block Teletoon at Night in Canada . As of 2016 , the first season can be viewed for free on Crackle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cded0b55fbfce3652c4d44b953f360f8", "text": "Studio Wall Studio Wall ( 1872 ) is an oil painting by the German artist Adolph Menzel , now in the collection of the Hamburger Kunsthalle . It is considered one of the `` masterpieces of Menzel 's maturity '' , and the artist deemed it his best painting . The painting depicts a red colored wall of the artist 's studio at night , upon which are hung a series of plaster casts illuminated from below . The casts include portrait busts , death masks and life masks of friends of the artist , children , classical personae such as Dante , Schiller , and possibly Goethe or Wagner , a dog , and male and female torsos ; art historian Werner Hofmann saw this assemblage as a conscious blurring of `` the dividing line between fame and anonymity . '' Numerous commentators have noted that the array of dramatically lit casts `` convey an uncanny impression of quasi-animateness . '' Studio Wall was preceded by a work of the same title painted in 1852 , an oil on paper now in the Alte Nationalgalerie in Berlin . That painting features casts of two arms and a separate hand , the arms arranged so as to suggest a relationship to a body from which they have been removed . Studio Wall is also seen as related to Menzel 's larger painting Iron Rolling Mill ( 1872 -- 1875 ) , for which it may have served as a study in dramatic lighting , yet it has greater import than that of a merely preparatory exercise , and may have functioned as a kind of memorial : the central death mask is that of the artist 's friend Friedrich Eggers , the first critic sympathetic to Menzel 's work . Eggers died in August 1872 , and the painting is dated from October of that year . A contemplation on the transience of life , Studio Wall is also a bravura piece of alla prima painting . Interpretations of the work vary greatly . For art historian Julius Meier-Graefe , Studio Wall was a harmonious example of pictorial unity ; to the contrary , Hofmann saw the painting as a `` coded manifesto '' , a rejection by Menzel of academic canons in favor of an aesthetic that celebrated the fragmentary and disjointed , and symbolic of the triumph of painting over sculpture . Fried rejects Hofman 's view of fragmentariness and anti-academicism , seeing the picture as a structured composition of objects arranged in successive rows . For Fried the likeliest allegorical meaning would be the sublimation of tangible existence to that of `` phantasmagorias '' , a world inhabited by ghosts in the form of plaster casts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f37d8584a91ca8aaf3a355e396bfb1e", "text": "C. T. C. Wall Charles Terence Clegg `` Terry '' Wall ( born 14 December 1936 ) is a British mathematician , educated at Marlborough and Trinity College , Cambridge . He is an emeritus professor of the University of Liverpool , where he was first appointed professor in 1965 . From 1978 to 1980 he was the president of the London Mathematical Society .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9b1d5569e83721a08dd6e081f7e146e", "text": "Beetham Tower, Manchester Beetham Tower ( also known as the Hilton Tower ) is a landmark 47-storey mixed-use skyscraper in Manchester , England . Completed in 2006 , it is named after its developers , the Beetham Organisation , and was designed by SimpsonHaugh and Partners . The development occupies a sliver of land at the top of Deansgate , hence its elongated plan and was proposed in July 2003 with construction starting a year later . At a height of 554 ft , it is the tallest building in the United Kingdom outside London and 10th tallest building in the United Kingdom . It has been described by the Financial Times as `` the UK 's only proper skyscraper outside London '' . Consequently , it is the tallest building in Manchester however construction commenced in July 2016 on Tower 1 at Owen Street which will surpass the Beetham Tower as the tallest building in Manchester when completed in 2019 with a height of 659 ft. As a result of the elongated floor plan , the structure is one of the thinnest skyscrapers in the world with a height to width ratio of 10:1 on the east-west façade but is noticeably wider on the north-south façade . A blade structure on the south side of the building acts as a façade overrun accentuating its slim form and doubles as a lightning rod . The skyscraper is visible from ten English counties on a clear day . The top-floor penthouse offers views of Greater Manchester , the Cheshire Plain , the Pennines , the Peak District and Snowdonia . The tower is known for emitting a loud unintentional hum or howl in windy weather , believed to emanate from the glass ` blade ' atop the building . The hum has been recorded as a B below middle C and can be heard over large parts of the locality . Architectural response to the skyscraper is polarised and interpretations vary . The cantilever bears the load of the north façade symbolically representing the historical strength and revival of post-industrial Manchester following economic decline in the 1980s and the 1996 Manchester bombing . Some questioned its dominant appearance over the city -- particularly over listed buildings with one author going as far to say the skyscraper instantly `` torpedoed '' any possibility of Manchester becoming a UNESCO World Heritage city - a status Manchester was previously on the United Kingdom shortlist for due its industrial past . Others feel its dramatic appearance and peculiarity is reflective of Manchester and that the Beetham Tower symbolises Manchester 's reinvention as a post-industrial city . Nevertheless , it has received praise and was awarded the best tall building in the world in 2007 by the Council for Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45d65ccbf93846daf2b7260d629c9a86", "text": "Wall (surname) Wall is a surname . Notable people with the surname include : Anthony Wall ( born 1975 ) , English golfer Anthony Wall ( film-maker ) ( avtivr 1980 -- 2008 ) , English documentary film maker Anthony Wall ( RAF officer ) ( 1888 -- 1989 ) , British pilot Art Wall , Jr. ( 1923 -- 2011 ) , American golfer Barbara Wall ( born 1948 ) , Australian squash player Brad Wall ( born 1965 ) , Canadian politician Carol Wall ( born circa 1953 ) , Canadian politician C. T. C. Wall ( born 1946 ) , British mathematician Daniel E. Wall ( active since 1995 ) , American civil servant Derek Wall ( active since 1979 ) , British politician Donald Dines Wall ( 1921 -- 2000 ) , American mathematician Donne Wall ( born 1967 ) , American baseballer Frank Wall ( 1868 -- 1960 ) , Sri Lankan and Indian physician and herpetologist Frank Wall ( Australian politician ) ( 1879 -- 1941 ) , Australian politician Frank Wall ( politician ) ( active 1981 -- 1991 ) , Irixh politician Frank Wall ( steamboat engineer ) ( 1810 -- 1896 ) , American engineer Garret D. Wall ( 1783 -- 1850 ) , American military officer and politician George Wall ( 1885 -- 1962 ) , Engish footballer George Wall ( planter ) ( 1820 -- 1894 ) , Sri Lankan merchant , politician and scientist Gerard Wall ( 1920 -- 1992 ) , New Zuealand politician Jack Wall ( disambiguation ) , several people James Charles Wall ( 1860 -- 1943 ) , British historian James S. Wall ( born 1964 ) , American religious leader James Walter Wall ( 1820 -- 1872 ) , American politician Jamie Wall ( born 1977 ) , British auto racing driver Jeannie Wall ( born 1969 ) , American ski mountaineer Jeff Wall ( born 1946 ) , Canadian artist John Wall ( disambiguation ) , several people Joseph Wall ( disambiguation ) , several people Larry Wall ( born 1949 ) , American programmer Lucille Wall ( 1898 -- 1986 ) , American actress Lyndsay Wall ( born 1985 ) , American ice hockey player Martin Dingle-Wall ( born 1971 ) , Australian actor Max Wall ( 1908 -- 1990 ) , English actor Mervyn Wall ( 1908 -- 1997 ) , Irish writer Pat Wall ( 1933 -- 1990 ) , English politician Patrick Wall ( 1916 -- 1998 ) , British military and politician Paul Wall ( born 1981 ) , American rapper Ricardo Wall ( 1694 -- 1777 ) , Irish-Spanish politician Richard Wall ( 21st century ) , Irish actor Robert Wall ( disambiguation ) , several people Shady Wall ( 1922 -- 1985 ) , American politician Shannon J. Wall ( 1919 -- 2007 ) , American seaman and labour leader Sir Stephen Wall ( born 1947 ) , British diplomat Tim Wall ( 1904 -- 1981 ) , American cricketer Thomas Wall ( active 1781 ) , American theater administrator Thomas Wall ( Wisconsin politician ) ( 1840 -- after 1883 ) , American politician Travis Wall ( born 1987 ) , American dancer William Wall ( disambiguation ) , several people", "title": "" }, { "docid": "058dc6b5e980956802b675b450fd3e72", "text": "Jay Walljasper Jay Walljasper is an American writer and speaker . He explores how new ideas in urban planning , tourism , community development , sustainability , politics and culture can improve our lives as well as the world .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e9fcb49e359c9aba64fa2637a490e279", "text": "Liverpool Wall of Fame The Liverpool Wall of Fame on Mathew Street , Liverpool , England , in front of the Cavern Club is a litany of , and a tribute to , the groups which played at the original Cavern Club , including acts from the city which have reached number one in the UK Singles Chart . The wall also features a disc for every Liverpool musical act that had a number one hit . It was unveiled on 14 March 2001 by Lita Roza , whose song '' ( How Much Is ) That Doggie in the Window ? '' was the first Liverpool based act 's song to reach number one in the UK . It features 54 Liverpool number 1 UK chart hits since 1952 , and also incorporates an award winning musical themed seat . The wall is dominated by The Beatles , who have 17 discs thereon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a6a774a4117bd87d0f28b411cec1070a", "text": "Jon Avnet Jonathan Michael Avnet ( born November 17 , 1949 ) , better known as Jon Avnet , is an American director , writer and producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1a088fca7567c81b06c8971a73150b7", "text": "Max Burnett Max Burnett ( born July 24 , 1969 in Dallas , Texas ) is a screenwriter , director , and producer who has been active in film and television since 1991 . He directed the football sleeper hit Possums in 1998 . In 2008 he created and executive produced the Nickelodeon series `` The Troop '' along with Chris Morgan and Greg Coolidge . Filmed in Vancouver , The Troop started airing in the fall of 2009 . He won a Writers Guild of America Awards 2009 for his pilot script of the Troop entitled `` Welcome to the Jungle '' and was nominated for another Writers Guild of America Awards 2011 for his Troop script `` Oh , Brother . '' Max is the older brother of composer Justin Burnett .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3b1f1c2790d188bd4dcbf906256ec54", "text": "The Works of Max Beerbohm The Works of Max Beerbohm was the first book published by English caricaturist , essayist and parodist Max Beerbohm . It was published in 1896 when Beerbohm was aged 24 . A collection of Beerbohm 's essays from the 1890s written while he was still a student at Oxford and which had originally been printed in The Yellow Book , The Savoy , The Pageant , The Chap Book , and other notable periodicals , the book was published in London by John Lane at The Bodley Head in 1896 , and launched Beerbohm 's career as an essayist . The book contains Beerbohm 's notorious essay A Defence of Cosmetics , which had appeared in the first number of The Yellow Book in April 1894 , revised and renamed The Pervasion of Rouge . `` Replete with mock-scholarly footnotes and biographical information , The Works epitomizes Beerbohm 's penchant for deflating pretentiousness with satiric imitation , '' wrote Ann Adams Cleary in the Dictionary of Literary Biography . `` Anything large - ideas , ideals , literary works , London crowds - caused him dismay . '' In this , his first book , the 24-year-old Beerbohm announced gravely that he would now retire from letters , having said all there was to say . Of course , he did not . A limited edition of 780 copies , signed and numbered by the author , was issued in 1922 , with 750 being offered for sale , while the remaining 30 were for presentation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6fb17f2bbd0de6529155b21c36acb4cf", "text": "Wacky WallWalker The Wacky WallWalker was a toy molded out of a sticky elastomer . It was shaped similar to an octopus , and when thrown against a wall would `` walk '' its way down . It was a hugely popular toy in the early 1980s . Before its introduction in the United States , Ken Hakuta received in the mail several sticky octopus-like toys from his mother , who lived in Japan . They were intended for his children , but Hakuta found himself fascinated with the toy , which was called Tako in Japan . He realized their marketing potential , and after purchasing rights to the product in 1983 for $ 5,000 , he began to market them locally in Washington , D.C. , dubbing them `` Wacky WallWalkers '' . Their popularity was mediocre , until Nina Hyde of The Washington Post wrote a feature story on them . This created a buzz , and people in the Washington area flooded local stores to purchase them . Within the next several months , hundreds of media outlets ran stories on them , creating one of the biggest selling fads of all time . As the fad began to decline , over 240 million Wacky WallWalkers had been sold , raking in about 80 million dollars . The popular toy was featured in the 1983 animated Christmas special Deck the Halls with Wacky Walls , starring the voices of Daws Butler , Tress MacNeille , and Marvin Kaplan . The show featured seven Wallwalkers from the planet Kling-Kling : Big Blue , Springette , Bouncing Baby Boo , Crazylegs , Stickum , Wacko , and their leader , Kling-Kling . One character in the special was modeled after Hakuta 's son , Kenzo . The Wacky WallWalker was referenced in The Simpsons `` Treehouse of Horror XXII '' 's Avatar parody when the female alien hit a tree and `` walked '' down it in the manner of the Wacky WallWalker . The Wacky WallWalker was similarly referenced in an episode of Family Guy , when Peter Griffin draws faces on an octopus tank , only to have the glass break , and is subsequently saved by Seamus Levine who throws the octopus on the wall .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "812513f9570ffa2bc42002c3196aef03", "text": "Whole World Theatre The Whole World Theatre is an improvisational theatre located in Atlanta , Georgia . Whole World Theatre ( WWT ) is a non-profit theatre company that began in Atlanta , Georgia in late 1993 , when David Webster began teaching a group of student actors whom he would train to become the hottest improv company in town . Jennifer Horne and David Webster were co-founding members . The original students of Whole World Theatre performed their first show in front of 25 people in September 1994 . Specializing in experiential improv and unconventional scripted works , and using a unique approach to improv , which put more emphasis on acting , character and atmosphere than on cheap laughs , Webster wrote and directed original ground breaking pieces such as , Blood Bath Bingo and Pimps , Queens , and Dope Fiends . Webster also produced scripted works included , Balm in Gillead , Bitches , Women Behind Bars , Four Dogs and a Bone and The House of Yes , among many others . In June 1995 , Jennifer Horne and David Webster spent their honeymoon money to open Whole World Theatre at their current location at 1214 Spring Street in mid-town Atlanta . As their popularity grew , the cast of Whole World Theatre were given the opportunity to produce their live improv comedy show for television when Webster sold the show to television . `` Whole World Comedy '' - Whole World 's premier TV show - helped to launch the southern based Turner South Network . David Webster taught every actor at Whole World Theater until 2001 . He wrote , directed and emceed every show for over 1000 shows . He won several awards including an Emmy award for writing . In 2003 Managing Director , Emily Reily Russell , created a youth summer camp program and an improvisational acting program for teens and young adults at Whole World Theatre that still exists to this day . Many of the graduates of this program have entered the `` Performance Ready Group '' that hosts a more family oriented show the first Saturday of every month November through May . The Performance Ready Group is directed and mentored by Assistant Artistic Director , Eric Goins . Russell , in conjunction with Callanwolde Fine Arts Center and The Starlight Starbright Foundation has also created `` Improv in Dialysis . '' Providing monthly improvisational acting workshops to patients and their families at Egleston Children 's Hospital in Atlanta . Lance Krall , one of Webster 's original students , eventually moved to Hollywood and went on to produce his own television show , The Lance Krall Show , which aired Spike TV , and Free Radio , which aired on Vh1 . Lance has hired several alumni from Whole World Theatre to guest star in his projects . In 2004 , Webster moved on to write and direct independent movies and Jennifer Horne moved on to begin her own improv troupe in Charlottesville , Va. . That same year , a complete change in management occurred at Whole World Theatre . In 2004 , Chip Powell became Artistic Director of Whole World Theatre . The Company continues to perform improv shows and remains one of Atlanta 's most successful theater companies . Under Powell 's leadership the company has produced Improv in the Park : an annual free improv show in Atlanta 's Piedmont Park and Central Park at Atlantic Station . Improv in the Park was voted `` Best Outdoor Event '' by Creative Loafing . Powell also went on to launch Whole World 's 3rd Space Theatre by Producing and Directing scripted works such as Sordid Lives and Southern Baptist Sissies by Del Shores . In 2005 , the theatre started a television show for a network called MAV TV and is currently broadcast in over 200,000 homes across the U.S. . The show features Whole World 's Improv Comedy and is geared towards a more mature audience . Official Website Category : Theatres in Atlanta", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59479e707be329441073301ea299b277", "text": "Scot J. Paltrow Scot J. Paltrow is an American journalist . A financial journalist , Paltrow currently works for Reuters . Paltrow is from New York . He received his bachelor 's degree from the Cornell University College of Arts and Sciences and a master 's degree from the London School of Economics . Paltrow 's journalism career began in 1977 when he joined the Memphis Commercial Appeal as a reporter . The following year , he joined the Los Angeles Herald-Examiner , where his investigative series on corruption in Industry , California , `` The City of Insiders , '' resulted in federal and state criminal probes and several convictions . In 1981 , Paltrow moved to the Washington Star , where he covered federal courts . After the Star shut down the same year , Paltrow moved to the Wall Street Journal , where he was a reporter in the Los Angeles bureau . In 1985 , Paltrow became a European correspondent for the Journal based in Brussels . In April 1988 , Paltrow returned to the United States as New York financial bureau chief for the Los Angeles Times . During this period he did numerous investigative stories on Wall Street investment banks , markets and the insurance industry . '' While at the Times , Paltrow won a 1993 George Polk Award for Financial Reporting . Paltrow returned to the Wall Street Journal in May 1997 and served as senior special writer based in New York and writes for the paper 's Washington bureau . In 2007 , following Rupert Murdoch 's purchase of Dow Jones & Company ( which owns the Wall Street Journal ) , Paltrow left the paper and joined Condé Nast 's Portfolio.com as a contributing editor , starting September 1 , 2007 , following another longtime Journal journalist who moved to Portfolio.com , Peter Waldman . In September 2010 , Paltrow moved to Reuters , where he and fellow financial journalist Mark Hosenball were brought on as `` key hires '' in an effort to expand Reuters ' `` coverage of business , Wall Street and Washington . '' Paltrow joined Reuters to cover `` financial crimes , specifically covering criminal and civil investigations related to the financial crisis , as well as the effort to more closely regulate and police the financial world . '' In 2012 , Paltrow won a Society of American Business Editors and Writers Best in Business Awards in the Explanatory/News Agency category for his investigation into banks ' use of robo-signing . Paltrow has written a report , The Case for a Stronger Federal Role in Insurance Regulation : Weak State Regulation Highlights the Need for Federal Oversight of Health Premiums , for the Center for American Progress Action Fund . Paltrow has received a Gerald Loeb Award . Paltrow won 1992 and 1993 John Hancock Awards for Excellence in Business & Financial Journalism , the 1994 Los Angeles Times Editorial Award , the Unity Award in Media , and a 2001 Deadline Club Award from New York City Chapter of the Society of Professional Journalists .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87e78a4fbdaa545907fb037d2ffa72fb", "text": "The Wall (1957 song) `` The Wall '' is a popular song , written by Oramay Diamond , Clyde Otis , and Dave Dreyer . It was most successfully popularized by Patti Page in 1957 . The Page recording was issued by Mercury Records as catalog number 71059 , ( the flip side of `` A Poor Man 's Roses ( or a Rich Man 's Gold ) '' ) and first reached the Billboard chart on March 6 , 1957 , lasting 6 weeks and peaking at # 43 . Other 1957 recordings were made by Eileen Rodgers as Columbia Records catalog number 40850 ( which peaked at # 64 ) , and by Brook Benton as Epic Records 9199 . Shirley Bassey recorded the track at this time whilst in New York City , and it was issued in 1959 on the album The Bewitching Miss Bassey . The song can be found on an CD compilation album called Easy To Love issued by Motif Records in 2010 , which features the later Bassey recordings for the Philips Records label . On the Cash Box Best-Selling Records charts , where multiple versions of a song were always combined , the song lasted 5 weeks and peaked at # 42 . Category :1957 songs Category : Songs written by Clyde Otis Category : Songs with music by Dave Dreyer", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a15653c21697ddc7144fac5ea9a24672", "text": "Max and Moritz Max and Moritz ( A Story of Seven Boyish Pranks ) ( original : Max und Moritz - Eine Bubengeschichte in sieben Streichen ) is a German language illustrated story in verse . This highly inventive , blackly humorous tale , told entirely in rhymed couplets , was written and illustrated by Wilhelm Busch and published in 1865 . It is among the early works of Busch , nevertheless it already features many substantial , effectually aesthetic and formal regularities , procedures and basic patterns of Busch 's later works . Many familiar with comic strip history consider it to have been the direct inspiration for the Katzenjammer Kids and Quick & Flupke . The German title satirizes the German custom of giving a subtitle to the name of dramas in the form of `` Ein Drama in ... Akten '' ( A Drama in ... Acts ) , which became dictum in colloquial usage for any event with an unpleasant or dramatic course , e.g. `` Bundespräsidentenwahl - Drama in drei Akten '' ( Federal Presidential Elections - Drama in Three Acts ) .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a372fe9c3cbd8aac0cb4088e7c3986c2", "text": "Blue Velvet (film) Blue Velvet is a 1986 American neo-noir mystery film , written and directed by David Lynch . Blending psychological horror with film noir , the film stars Kyle MacLachlan , Isabella Rossellini , Dennis Hopper and Laura Dern . The title is taken from Bobby Vinton 's 1963 song of the same name . The screenplay of Blue Velvet had been passed around multiple times in the late 1970s and early 1980s , with many major studios declining it because of its strong sexual and violent content . After the commercial and critical failure of Lynch 's Dune ( 1984 ) , the director made attempts at developing a more `` personal story '' , somewhat characteristic of the surrealist style displayed in his debut Eraserhead ( 1977 ) . The independent studio De Laurentiis Entertainment Group , owned at the time by Italian film producer Dino De Laurentiis , agreed to finance and produce the film . Blue Velvet initially received a divided critical response , with many stating that its objectionable content served little artistic purpose . It nevertheless earned Lynch his second Academy Award nomination for Best Director and came to achieve cult status . As an example of a director casting against the norm , it was credited for re-launching Hopper 's career and for providing Rossellini with a dramatic outlet beyond her previous work as a fashion model and a cosmetics spokeswoman . In the years since , the film has generated significant academic attention with regard to its thematic symbolism , and is now widely regarded as one of Lynch 's major works and one of the greatest films of the 1980s . Publications including Sight & Sound , Time , Entertainment Weekly and BBC Magazine have ranked it among the greatest American films of all time . In 2008 , Blue Velvet was chosen by the American Film Institute as one of the greatest American mystery films ever made .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "f93a5120b39da3625d7e132cbd6ae2b1", "text": "1986 in Canada Events from the year 1986 in Canada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62c09b4cc39d7f72f4a0549f06dc8f62", "text": "Inside Information (album) Inside Information is the sixth studio album by the British-American rock band Foreigner , released on December 8 , 1987 . The album hit # 15 on the Billboard 200 Albums Chart and was certified Platinum in the U.S. for sales exceeding one million copies . Although a huge standard by any country 's charting method , the band 's sales were certainly plummeting since the release of 4 in 1981 . It was the last album to feature the 80 's core lineup of Gramm , Jones , Wills and Elliott . `` Say You Will '' was released as the album 's first single . Allmusic later noted that the single was a `` good example '' of the band 's `` balancing act '' as `` the guitar-heavy style of their early work gave way to slick arrangements that pushed electronics to the fore ... temper ( ing ) its rock guitar edge ... and Lou Gramm 's quasi-operatic vocals ... by thick layers of chiming synthesizers and an array of electronic textures . '' The single reached # 6 on the Billboard Hot 100 and became their fourth # 1 hit on the Billboard Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart , holding the top spot for four weeks . The song also became the band 's third-highest charting hit in Germany , where it reached # 22 , faring even better in Switzerland , the Netherlands , and particularly Norway , where it reached # 4 . A rare CD single featured an extended remix version of the track . The second single , `` I Do n't Want to Live Without You '' , reached # 5 on the Hot 100 . Markedly softer than any of their work to date , the record was their first and only # 1 on the Adult Contemporary chart , after the more rousing ballads `` Waiting for a Girl Like You '' and `` I Want to Know What Love Is '' had reached # 5 and # 3 on that chart respectively . Allmusic would later observe that while `` the end result lacked the distinctive rock touches of past Foreigner ballads , '' Lou Gramm `` contributes a lead vocal that avoids histrionics in favor of an emotional but very smooth delivery '' over `` washes of synthesizer ... fleshed out by some meditative electric piano riffs '' . Nevertheless , the song charted at mainstream rock radio , where it peaked at # 18 . The # 5 Hot 100 peak was their best showing in six singles , yet despite being followed up by more impassioned , up-tempo material it would be their last major pop hit to date . Further singles from the album included `` Heart Turns to Stone '' , which had peaked at # 7 on the Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart in an earlier non-commercial release only to rock radio but only managed # 56 on the Hot 100 several months later , and the harder `` Ca n't Wait '' , which matched the # 18 Mainstream Rock Tracks charting of `` I Do n't Want to Live Without You '' but failed to crack the Hot 100 . `` Out of the Blue '' was also released as a single , but it did not chart . However , it was notable for being the only song in the band 's catalogue to be credited to all four members from the classic 80 's lineup . The following year saw a successful solo album and singles from Lou Gramm and found Mick Jones releasing an album and producing for artists including Billy Joel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eafafc3ab9099abf7d576768dc318b6e", "text": "American Music Awards of 1987 The 14th Annual American Music Awards were held on January 26 , 1987 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3722301fe86dd9b5044bfd55b93192ac", "text": "Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary On May 14 , 1988 , the Atlantic Records label held its 40th Anniversary Celebration by staging a non-stop concert lasting almost 13 hours at Madison Square Garden , New York . The event was dubbed `` It 's Only Rock And Roll '' . Only artists who had released material on the Atlantic label in the United States performed , with the artists spanning the 40 years of the company 's existence . Lavern Baker and Ruth Brown were the longest tenured Atlantic acts to perform , while Debbie Gibson was the most recent Atlantic signing to make an appearance at the event . Some Atlantic signings , who had either officially split up or who had not performed together for a number of years , re-formed especially to perform at the concert . These artists included The Rascals , Iron Butterfly , and the former members of Led Zeppelin . Other notable performers included Yes , Genesis , Crosby , Stills & Nash , Keith Emerson and Carl Palmer ( representing Emerson , Lake & Palmer ) , Foreigner , Paul Rodgers , Bob Geldof , Booker T. Jones , Wilson Pickett , The Coasters , The Spinners , Peabo Bryson , The Blues Brothers ( featuring Dan Aykroyd and Sam Moore ) , Roberta Flack , The Manhattan Transfer , Bee Gees , Ben E. King and Vanilla Fudge . There had been plans to close the performance with a greatest hits all-star jam , but this idea was shelved . Instead , the former members of Led Zeppelin performed as the last act . The concert was broadcast live in the US on FM radio and HBO television , commentary for the latter being provided backstage by comedian Robert Townsend . HBO commenced its live broadcast a few hours into the event and interspersed footage of the concert which had been taped earlier by the network . In so doing , some of the artists ' sets were edited or omitted . An edited version aired later that year on ABC hosted by Robert Hays . Several banners heralding the reunion of Led Zeppelin band members were displayed like tapestry by excited fans , but , to their dismay , were taken down before HBO went with their live feed . The Audio was recorded by David Hewitt and Stanley Johnston on the Record Plant Black Truck . In the United Kingdom the event was broadcast over a period of four weeks by BBC 2 , presented as hour-long episodes . Atlantic Records later released this production on video under the title Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary : It 's Only Rock 'n' Roll . The release intercut concert footage with highlights from earlier performances , as well as older footage from the Atlantic archives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e5e02d70d2216c10220aac0ca6a690c", "text": "Bad (album) Bad is the seventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Michael Jackson , released on August 31 , 1987 in the United States by Epic Records and internationally by CBS Records . It was released nearly five years after Jackson 's previous solo studio album , Thriller ( 1982 ) . Bad was recorded during the first half of 1987 . The lyrical themes include media bias , paranoia , racial profiling , romance , self-improvement and world peace . The album cemented Jackson 's status as one of the most successful artists of the 1980s . Bad saw Jackson exercise even more artistic freedom than he did with his two previous Epic releases ( Off the Wall and Thriller ) ; Jackson composed nine of the album 's eleven tracks , and received co-producer credit for the entire album . Nine of the eleven songs on Bad were released as singles ; one was a promotional single , and another was released outside of the United States and Canada . Five of the singles hit No. 1 in the United States , while a sixth charted within the top ten , and a seventh charted within the top twenty on the Hot 100 . Bad peaked at No. 1 in thirteen countries and charted within the top twenty in other territories . The only songs on the album which were not released as a single were `` Speed Demon '' and `` Just Good Friends '' , the latter being the only song on the album to also not have a music video accompanying it . The album continued Jackson 's commercial success in the late 1980s , and garnered six Grammy Award nominations , winning two . Aside from commercial success , the album was well received by contemporary critics . The album produced a record five Billboard Hot 100 number one singles , the first of two albums to do so , the second being Katy Perry 's 2010 album Teenage Dream . Bad was ranked No. 43 in the 100 Greatest Albums of All Time of the MTV Generation in 2009 by VH1 and number 202 in Rolling Stone magazine 's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time . As of 2012 , Bad had reportedly sold between 30 and 45 million copies worldwide and has been cited as one of the 30 best-selling albums of all time . In 2017 , the album was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America , denoting sales of over ten million copies in the United States . The album marked the final collaboration between Jackson and producer Quincy Jones .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac944516232c8f3f2601e6308b72be58", "text": "Records and achievements of Madonna American singer Madonna , throughout her career , spanning three decades , has obtained a remarkable series of statistical achievements , setting and breaking several world records with her participation in entrepreneurial activities , of acting and her performance in the musical scene for her videos , singles , albums , and tours . Her first appearance in the Guinness Book of World Records was in 1986 with her third studio album , True Blue . Since then , she has earned multiple appearances , some 20 at least in February 2012 , including her insigne record title as the top-selling female recording artist of all time . Madonna 's commerciality has achieved scrutiny studies and analysis from different point of view in the academia world or by marketers , through her marketing strategies , controversies and reinvention , surpassing to others new or contemporary artists . In popular culture , many international artists have been called `` Madonna '' , many times , by their impact and success in their respective countries or genres . Also , her presence in popular culture , has been led to create world records about Madonna . Dubbed as the most successful and most influential female artist of all time , Madonna 's music is defined in several occasions , for changing contemporary music history for women 's , mainly rock , dance and pop scene .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9aac62da30e3765625f2a7fe58c55f1", "text": "Gone to Earth (Barclay James Harvest album) Gone to Earth is an album by the English rock group Barclay James Harvest released in 1977 . It reached # 30 in the UK charts , but in Germany it peaked at # 10 and stayed for 197 weeks in the German album charts . As of 2011 it is ranked # 6 on the list of longest running albums in the German album charts . Only the My Fair Lady soundtrack and albums by Simon & Garfunkel ( Greatest Hits ) , The Beatles ( 1962 -- 1966 ) , Pink Floyd ( Wish You Were Here ) and Andrea Berg ( Best Of ) spent more weeks in the charts . It was the band 's largest selling album , eventually selling more than a million copies worldwide . Hymn ( often misinterpreted as Christmas song but actually a song against the dangers of drug use and dedicated to musicians like Jimi Hendrix , Paul Kossoff and Janis Joplin ) was a successful turntable hit at German radio stations in the late 1970s . `` Poor Man 's Moody Blues '' was written after a journalist angered the band by referring to Barclay James Harvest as a `` poor man 's Moody Blues '' . Shortly after , guitarist John Lees wrote a song that reminded him of the Moody Blues song `` Nights in White Satin '' , and decided to use the journalist 's phrase as the song title . Other songs on the album deal with subjects like ended relationships ( `` Friend of Mine '' ) , alienation ( `` Leper 's Song '' ) the exploitation of animals for their fur ( `` Spirit on the Water '' ) and the space race ( `` Sea of Tranquility '' ) . The original LP version of this album , designed by Maldwyn Tootill , featured die-cut outer cover and full-color inner album sleeve . On one side of the inner sleeve was an owl ( as shown in the picture ) ; on the other side was a picture of a sunset . The inner sleeve could be reversed so that either side would be displayed through the die cut . The album 's title , Gone to Earth , refers to the fox hunter 's cry used to indicate that the quarry has returned to its lair .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82a5857d2b01d1db3e7ed782f988f15e", "text": "Soldatski bal Soldatski bal ( trans . The Soldiers ' Ball ) is the first studio album by the former Yugoslav band Plavi orkestar , released in 1985 . With over 500,000 copies sold , it is the best-selling debut album in the history of the music business in Yugoslavia and its successor states . Recorded during January 1985 , and released a few months later , the album was a huge commercial success , spawning numerous hits . It catapulted the band of 21-year-olds to nationwide fame , making them into instant teenage stars . The album 's lyrics are mostly inspired by Saša Lošić 's military service , which he served in Bitola from September 1983 until September 1984 . The album has numerous guest appearances , including Nada Obrić , Aki Rahimovski of Parni valjak , Jura Stublić of Film , Peđa D'Boy of Dʼ Boys , Ivan `` Firchie '' Fece of EKV , Marina Perazić , Dragoš Kalajić and Jovan Ćirilov . The album sleeve was designed by Bojan Hadžihalilović . In a replica of The Beatles ' Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band , it shows band members flanked by the seven Young Communist League of Yugoslavia secretaries , in addition to 49 individuals from Yugoslav history and public life such as Petar II Petrović-Njegoš , Ivo Lola Ribar , Bata Živojinović , Lepa Brena , Vuk Karadžić , Slavko Štimac , Miroslav Krleža , Oliver Mandić and Mirza Delibašić .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa2e0044057d192f3fee925d9d8d659b", "text": "Juno Awards of 1989 The Juno Awards of 1989 , representing Canadian music industry achievements of the previous year , were awarded on 12 March 1989 in Toronto at a ceremony in the O'Keefe Centre . André-Philippe Gagnon was the host for the ceremonies , which were broadcast on CBC Television . Blue Rodeo won in three of its five nominations : Best Group , Best Single and Best Video . k.d. lang and Robbie Robertson were also notable winners in 1989 . The previous Juno Awards ceremonies were conducted on 2 November 1987 . There was no awards event in 1988 due to a decision to restore the Juno scheduling to the earlier portion of each year . The awards had been conducted early each year from its 1970 inception until 1984 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d63f4e802dfd69de9b39107029bd7fd1", "text": "New Order discography The discography of New Order , an English rock band , consists of ten studio albums , twelve compilation albums , three live albums , five extended plays ( EPs ) , thirty-eight singles , twelve video releases , thirty-three music videos and a number of soundtrack appearances . New Order were formed in 1980 by singer and guitarist Bernard Sumner , bassist Peter Hook and drummer Stephen Morris . The group began life as a continuation of their former incarnation Joy Division . Joy Division had disbanded after the death of the lead singer Ian Curtis . Gillian Gilbert , who was Morris ' girlfriend at the time , soon joined the group and played guitar and keyboards . Remarkably , New Order 's first eight singles released between 1981 and 1984 were not taken from any album . In most cases they were not even released as a 7-inch , but exclusively available in the radio-unfriendly 12-inch format , an unusual approach for a pop-act in the eighties . Despite the high anticipation that surrounded the group , their debut single `` Ceremony '' only peaked at number 34 on the UK Singles Chart . The group 's following two singles and their debut album met with similar moderate success . It would not be until the release of their fourth single , `` Blue Monday '' , that New Order would break into the top ten , with the song peaking at number 9 . `` Blue Monday '' became a defining single for the group and caused a sensation , becoming the biggest selling 12-inch single of all time . New Order , like many other post-punk groups of the period , increasingly utilised keyboards , drum machine and sequencers in their music . As a result they became associated with the synthpop and electronic dance movements of the 1980s . Beginning with Power , Corruption & Lies from 1983 , all of the group 's studio albums reached the top ten in the United Kingdom . The group experienced a lull in popularity in the years 1985 and 1986 but the surprise international popularity of the `` Bizarre Love Triangle '' single re-launched the group across the world . The group cemented their success in 1987 with the single , `` True Faith '' , and the compilation album Substance . New Order were at the peak of their popularity in the years 1987 to 1993 , with a run of popular singles , including `` Blue Monday 1988 '' , `` Fine Time '' , `` Regret '' , `` World ( The Price of Love ) '' and in 1990 they scored their only number 1 single in the UK with the official England national football team song , `` World in Motion '' . The two albums released during these years , Technique and Republic ; each charted at number 1 in the UK . It was during this successful period that the group 's internal dynamic began to falter . Sumner was not fond of touring , and wanted to take time off from the group and produce a solo album . He formed Electronic with Johnny Marr and the pair released their first single in 1989 . Hook formed his own band , Revenge , in 1989 , while Morris and Gilbert worked together as The Other Two , primarily scoring soundtracks . Of the three side projects , Sumner 's was by far the most successful . The recording and touring of 1993 's Republic , their first for London Records , was difficult and intra-band tensions were rife . The group went on hiatus until 1998 . In the meantime two compilation albums , The Best of New Order and The Rest of New Order , and several singles were released . The group reconvened in 1998 for the Reading Festival but did not release new material until 2000 . The group released the album Get Ready in 2001 . It was met with critical warmth , but it was apparent that the group 's popularity had lessened . The lead single from the album , `` Crystal '' , reached the top ten in the UK . The film 24 Hour Party People , a humorous chronicle of their label Factory Records , was released in 2002 . New Order contributed a new song , `` Here to Stay '' , and a re-recording of the Joy Division song `` New Dawn Fades '' with Moby , for the film 's soundtrack . The compilation International and four-disc boxset Retro were released in winter 2002 . New Order followed Get Ready with Waiting for the Sirens ' Call in 2005 . During this period Gilbert stepped down from live performances due to family commitments . Phil Cunningham stepped into her role and in 2005 became an official member of the group . The group had intended to release a ninth album soon after Waiting for the Sirens ' Call , the majority of which had already been recorded . The lack of enthusiasm inside the group and relative failure of Waiting for the Sirens ' Call stalled their career momentum . In 2007 , Hook decided to leave the group , and stated that he and Sumner had no further plans to work together . Sumner formed Bad Lieutenant with Cunningham , and Hook formed Freebass . Morris continued to work with Sumner and Cunningham . In 2008 , New Order released remastered and expanded editions of their first five albums with the intention of releasing the further three albums in a similar format in future . In December 2012 it was announced that Lost Sirens would be released in the United Kingdom on 14 January 2013 . Lost Sirens is an eight-track album of tracks left out of Waiting for the Sirens ' Call . On 22 June 2015 , the band announced they are to release a new album , Music Complete , on 25 September 2015 . The album will be the first without Peter Hook , and was produced mostly by the band themselves , except `` Singularity '' and `` Unlearn This Hatred '' , both produced by Tom Rowlands , while `` Superheated '' features additional production by Stuart Price . In the US , the band has sold a certified 2 million albums , and in the UK a certified 960,000 albums .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0d2266f7425b1a4bf2b3684a1f65613", "text": "The Byrds' Greatest Hits The Byrds ' Greatest Hits is the first greatest hits album by the American rock band The Byrds and was released in August 1967 on Columbia Records ( see 1967 in music ) . It is the top-selling album in The Byrds ' catalogue and reached # 6 on the Billboard Top LPs chart but failed to break into the UK Albums Chart . The album provides a summary of The Byrds ' history during Gene Clark and David Crosby 's tenure with the band and also functions as a survey of the group 's hit singles from 1965 to 1967 , a period when the band had its greatest amount of success on the singles chart . Most of the band 's U.S. A-sides from this period are included on the album , along with three of their more important album tracks : `` I 'll Feel a Whole Lot Better '' , `` The Bells of Rhymney '' , and `` Chimes of Freedom '' . The three U.S. singles from this period that are not included on the album are `` Set You Free This Time '' , `` Have You Seen Her Face '' and `` Lady Friend '' ( although these songs have been included as bonus tracks on various CD reissues of the album ) . All of the songs included on the original Greatest Hits album can also be found on the band 's first four albums , Mr. Tambourine Man , Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! , Fifth Dimension and Younger Than Yesterday . The eight tracks on The Byrds ' Greatest Hits that had been singles peaked at the following positions on the Billboard Hot 100 : `` 5D ( Fifth Dimension ) '' # 44 ; `` All I Really Want to Do '' # 40 ; `` Mr. Spaceman '' # 36 ; `` My Back Pages '' # 30 ; `` So You Want to Be a Rock 'n' Roll Star '' # 29 ; `` Eight Miles High '' # 14 ; `` Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! '' # 1 ; and `` Mr. Tambourine Man '' # 1 . In addition , four of the singles included on the album had charted in the United Kingdom , peaking at the following positions on the UK Singles Chart : `` Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! '' # 26 ; `` Eight Miles High '' # 24 ; `` All I Really Want to Do '' # 4 ; and `` Mr. Tambourine Man '' # 1 . In particular , the `` Eight Miles High '' , `` Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! '' , and `` Mr. Tambourine Man '' singles were widely influential during the 1960s , a time when singles , at least in pop music , were as important in their own right as albums , and generally more so . `` Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! '' summed up the decade 's counter-cultural values as much as `` Blowin ' in the Wind '' , '' ( I Ca n't Get No ) Satisfaction '' or `` All You Need Is Love '' , while `` Mr. Tambourine Man '' and `` Eight Miles High '' helped to introduce the subgenres of folk rock and psychedelic rock respectively into the popular music of the day .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4", "text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae3cd54fe313bf4a4bdd987479c0a3f5", "text": "Who's That Girl (1987 film) Who 's That Girl is a 1987 American screwball comedy film written by Andrew Smith and Ken Finkleman , and directed by James Foley . It stars Madonna and Griffin Dunne , and depicts the story of a street-smart girl who is falsely accused of murdering her boyfriend and is sent to jail . After getting released , she meets a man , who is supposed to make sure she gets on her bus back to Philadelphia , and convinces him to help her catch those responsible for her confinement . While searching for the embezzler , they fall in love with each other . After the failure of her 1986 film Shanghai Surprise , Madonna decided to sign another comedy film titled Slammer , which was later renamed to Who 's That Girl . However , she had to convince both Warner Bros. and the producers of the film that she was ready for the project . Madonna enlisted her friend James Foley to direct the film . Shooting began in New York in October 1986 , and continued until March 1987 . Production was halted during December due to snowfall in New York . Madonna utilized the time to work on her next tour and the soundtrack of the film . The film was released on August 7 , 1987 , and was a box office bomb , grossing only $ 2.5 million in its first week , with its final domestic total being about $ 7.3 million . Critics were highly disappointed with the film , and Foley 's direction . Some went on to call it one of the worst films to be released , while others found Madonna 's comic timing to be one of the highlights . However , the Who 's That Girl World Tour went on to be a critical and commercial success , grossing a total of US$ 25 million , and playing in front of audiences totaling 1.5 million people . The soundtrack of the film , though not acclaimed by the critics , enjoyed commercial success . Three of Madonna 's songs , the title track , `` Causing a Commotion '' and `` The Look of Love '' , were released as singles with the title track becoming Madonna 's sixth number one single on the US Billboard Hot 100 . The soundtrack album went on to sell six million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9037d8d2aa3b8c5c20fc9e74859fea4e", "text": "Forever in Blue Jeans `` Forever in Blue Jeans '' is a song by Neil Diamond which was co-written with his guitarist Richard Bennett . This up-tempo track , released as a single by Columbia in February 1979 , was taken from the previous year 's Neil Diamond album You Do n't Bring Me Flowers . The song officially peaked at # 20 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and # 2 on the Easy Listening chart in March , 1979 . According to Cotton Incorporated `` Neil Diamond might have been right when he named his 1979 # 1 hit `` Forever in Blue Jeans '' : 81 % of women are planning their next jeans purchase to be some shade of blue . '' The song has been used to promote the sale of blue jeans , most notably Will Ferrell , impersonating Neil Diamond singing , for The Gap . Coincidentally , Diamond himself did radio ads for H.I.S. brand jeans in the 1960s , more than a decade before he sang this song . Later in 1979 , Tommy Overstreet recorded a country version of the song , including it on his The Real Tommy Overstreet album . Jason Castro covered this song on season 7 of American Idol . The song was referenced on an episode ( `` Parent Trapped '' ) of The King Of Queens , in which Doug Heffernan incorrectly refers to it as `` Reverend Blue Jeans '' , thinking it was a song about a hip reverend that wore jeans .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "058afefa67b6fb8d792ac9263a11fbbe", "text": "More Love Songs More Love Songs is a 1986 album by Loudon Wainwright III released on Rounder Records . Wainwright had moved to England , and this was the second album produced by ( and featuring ) Richard Thompson . Critically and popularly it is probably considered the peak of his 1980s renaissance . After three albums in four years , it would be another three years before he released the largely ignored Therapy . The style of the album combines purely acoustic staples like `` Your Mother and I '' with piano-driven ballads like `` The Back Nine '' and full-blown rockers like `` Vampire Blues '' and `` Hard Day on the Planet '' . Wainwright also careens emotionally from the sad `` Overseas Call '' to the laugh-out-loud `` Synchronicity '' . Wainwright also enjoyed a period of popularity as a regular on The Jasper Carrott Show in the UK , and many of the songs from his following album were written during this time as well as some ( still ) unreleased ones . By the late 1980s Wainwright was back in the USA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7f9afdc6d0fd27ef24a255951e1766a", "text": "Erotic thriller An Erotic thriller is a film genre defined by a thriller with a thematic basis in illicit romance or erotic fantasy . Most erotic thrillers contain scenes of softcore sex and nudity , but the frequency and explicitness of those scenes varies . Though similar films appeared as early as the 1960s , erotic thrillers emerged as a distinct genre in the late 1980s , bolstered by the popular success of Adrian Lyne 's Fatal Attraction in 1987 and a quickly expanding domestic and international market for softcore adult entertainment on cable television and home video . The genre had a classic period of growth and expansion in the 1990s , but by the early 2000s declined in production and popular appeal . The potent combination of danger and romance , catering to both male and female audiences simultaneously , was the primary selling point for erotic thriller films during their classic period . The half-naked bodies displayed on posters , newspaper ads , and video box covers were accompanied by log lines that capture the unmistakable duality of the erotic thriller film : If you think you can handle her , you 're dead wrong . -- Body Chemistry 3 : Point of Seduction He was hired to watch . Now he 's tempted to touch . -- Night Eyes Twin sisters cross the line into a deadly erotic fantasy land . -- Mirror Images In all , over 300 erotic thriller films were produced in the 1990s , which is comparable to the number of thriller films made in the noir decade of the 1940s . The total number of films in the erotic thriller genre from 1985 to 2005 may number as high as over 500 . Like film noir , the genre has evolved and modernized , and new films continue to be made that are influenced by the classic style .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed95ac4ffd160ec54967cd3e5cc564c2", "text": "1986 Laurence Olivier Awards The 1986 Laurence Olivier Awards were held in 1986 in London celebrating excellence in West End theatre by the Society of London Theatre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd0ace1270f626365441a3fbd3d36d96", "text": "Unsimulated sex Unsimulated sex is the presentation in a film of sex scenes where the actors engage in an actual sex act , and are not just miming or simulating the actions . At one time in the United States such scenes were restricted by law and self-imposed industry standards such as the Motion Picture Production Code . Films showing explicit sexual activity were confined to privately distributed underground films , such as stag films or `` porn loops '' . Beginning in the late 1960s , most notably with Blue Movie by Andy Warhol , mainstream cinemas began pushing boundaries in terms of what was presented on screen . Although the vast majority of sexual situations depicted in mainstream cinema are simulated ( in early pornography , the main actors engaged in simulated sex , with inserts placed in the film ) , on rare occasions actors engage in real sex . The difference between these films and pornography is that , while such scenes might be considered erotic , the intent of these films is not solely pornographic . Notable examples include two of the eight Bedside-films and the six Zodiac-films from the 1970s , all of which were produced in Denmark and had many pornographic sex scenes , but were nevertheless considered mainstream films ( they all had mainstream casts and crews , and premiered in mainstream cinemas ) . The last of these films , Agent 69 Jensen i Skyttens tegn , was made in 1978 . From the end of the 1970s until the late 1990s it was rare to see hardcore scenes in mainstream cinema , but this changed with the success of Lars von Trier 's The Idiots ( 1998 ) , which heralded a wave of art-house films with explicit content , such as Romance ( 1999 ) , Baise-moi ( 2000 ) , Intimacy ( 2001 ) , Vincent Gallo 's The Brown Bunny ( 2003 ) , and Michael Winterbottom 's 9 Songs ( 2004 ) . Some simulated sex scenes are sufficiently realistic that critics mistakenly believe that they are real , such as the cunnilingus scene in the 2006 film Red Road .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8", "text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe9761c0b629832c4a69965e2acb6339", "text": "Blue Jay Way `` Blue Jay Way '' is a song recorded by the English rock band the Beatles . Written by George Harrison , it was released in 1967 on the group 's Magical Mystery Tour EP and album . The song was named after a street in the Hollywood Hills of Los Angeles where Harrison stayed in August 1967 , shortly before visiting the Haight-Ashbury district of San Francisco . The lyrics document Harrison 's wait for music publicist Derek Taylor to find his way to Blue Jay Way through the fog-ridden hills , while Harrison struggled to stay awake after the flight from London to Los Angeles . As with several of Harrison 's compositions from this period , `` Blue Jay Way '' incorporates aspects of Indian classical music , although the Beatles used only Western instrumentation on the track , including a drone-like Hammond organ part played by Harrison . Created during the group 's psychedelic period , the track makes extensive use of studio techniques such as flanging , Leslie rotary effect , and reversed tape sounds . The song appeared in the Beatles ' 1967 television film Magical Mystery Tour , in a sequence that visually re-creates the sense of haziness and dislocation evident on the recording . While some reviewers have dismissed the song as monotonous , many others have admired its yearning quality and dark musical mood . The website Consequence of Sound describes `` Blue Jay Way '' as `` a haunted house of a hit , adding an ethereal , creepy mythos to the City of Angels '' . Among its continued links with Los Angeles , the song was one of the first Beatles tracks that cult leader Charles Manson adopted as the foundation for his Helter Skelter theory of an American race-related countercultural revolution . Artists who have covered the song include Bud Shank , Colin Newman , Tracy Bonham , Siouxsie and the Banshees and Greg Hawkes .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "eae95b25ee32dbf8afbdf788bec357bd", "text": "Fujitsu iPAD The Fujitsu iPAD is a lightweight handheld device that was introduced by Fujitsu , in 2002 . It runs Microsoft 's CE.NET operating system . It supports 802.11 b wireless LAN to connect wirelessly with other company infrastructure . The device can support inventory management as well as credit card payments . In January 2010 , when Apple announced the Apple iPad , there was a naming controversy between the two devices . To settle the trademark infringement allegation , Apple purchased the trademark rights from Fujitsu . Some trademark analysts estimate that Apple paid Fujitsu over US$ 4 million in exchange for the March 17 , 2010 assignment of Fujitsu 's iPad trademark rights to Apple .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "6006b73ac9bfecbd14db0ec8c924b278", "text": "Analogue Nt The Analogue Nt is an aftermarket Nintendo Entertainment System and Famicom designed and manufactured by Seattle based company Analogue , Inc. . Designed around the original Nintendo CPU and PPU , the Analogue Nt is the only aftermarket NES and Famicom system that is not designed using emulation , since it uses the original Nintendo CPU and PPU . The goal of the system was to build a perfect , no-compromises aftermarket NES and Famicom . The default model was released with RGB ( RGB , Component , S-Video and Composite ) video outputs only , with an additional `` add-on '' for 1080p HDMI output and a plethora of other digital features . The Analogue Nt 's enclosure is solid aluminum unibody enclosure manufactured from 6061 aluminum . After sellout of the original Analogue Nt , Analogue announced the Analogue Nt mini , which is 20 % smaller than the original . The mini includes RGB & HDMI outputs but , according to Analogue 's website , does n't use the original Nintendo CPU & PPU : `` The core functionality of the original NES is engineered directly into an Altera Cyclone V , a sophisticated FPGA . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48f882c342719f2557f847518facef87", "text": "ThinkPad ThinkPad is a line of laptop computers and tablets developed by Lenovo . The series was designed , developed , and sold by IBM until Lenovo acquired the division and brand in 2005 . ThinkPads are known for their minimalist , black and box design which was initially modeled in 1990 by industrial designer Richard Sapper based on the concept of a traditional Japanese Bento lunchbox revealing its nature only after being opened . According to later interviews with Sapper , he also characterized the simple ThinkPad form to be as elementary as a simple , black cigar box and with similar proportions that offers a ` surprise ' when opened . ThinkPads are popular with large businesses and schools . Older ThinkPad models are revered by technology enthusiasts , collectors and power users due to their durable design , relatively high resale value , and abundance of aftermarket replacement parts . ThinkPad laptops have been used in space and , by 2003 , were the only laptops certified for use on the International Space Station .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57d013a73cdc540bc71b48ca0fb6df58", "text": "IEEE 1541-2002 IEEE 1541-2002 is a standard issued in 2002 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ( IEEE ) concerning the use of prefixes for binary multiples of units of measurement related to digital electronics and computing . While the International System of Units ( SI ) defines multiples based on powers of ten ( like k = 103 , M = 106 , etc. ) , a different definition is sometimes used in computing , based on powers of two ( like k = 210 , M = 220 , etc. ) This is due to the use of binary addressing for computer memory locations . In the early years of computing , there was no significant error in using the same prefix for either quantity ( 210 = 1024 and 103 = 1000 are equal , to two significant figures ) . Thus , the SI prefixes were borrowed to indicate nearby binary multiples for these computer-related quantities . Meanwhile , manufacturers of storage devices , such as hard disks , traditionally used the standard decimal meanings of the prefixes , and decimal multiples are used for transmission rates and processor clock speeds as well . As technology improved , all of these measurements and capacities increased . As the binary meaning was extended to higher prefixes , the absolute error between the two meanings increased . This has even resulted in litigation against hard drive manufacturers , because some operating systems report the size using the larger binary interpretation . Moreover , there is not a consistent use of the symbols to indicate quantities of bits and bytes -- the unit symbol `` Mb '' , for instance , has been widely used for both megabytes and megabits . IEEE 1541 sets new recommendations to represent these quantities and unit symbols unambiguously . After a trial period of two years , in 2005 , IEEE 1541-2002 was elevated to a full-use standard by the IEEE Standards Association , and was reaffirmed on 27 March 2008 . IEEE 1541 is closely related to Amendment 2 to IEC International Standard IEC 60027-2 . The IEC standard was harmonized into the common ISO/IEC IEC 80000-13 :2008 - Quantities and units -- Part 13 : Information science and technology . This standard uses ` bit ' as the symbol for bit , as opposed to ` b ' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a7e131dfce739fbda613133c1674e74", "text": "Sharp Corporation is a Japanese multinational corporation that designs and manufactures electronic products , headquartered in Sakai-ku , Sakai . Since 2016 it has been an integral part of Taiwan-based Foxconn Group . Sharp employs more than 50,000 people worldwide . The company was founded in September 1912 in Tokyo and takes its name from one of its founder 's first inventions , the Ever-Sharp mechanical pencil , which was invented by Tokuji Hayakawa in 1915 . As of 2013 , Sharp Corporation is the tenth-largest , by market share , television manufacturer in the world . In Japan it has been a long-time leader . Sharp has at times also been the most popular mobile phone brand in the Japanese market , but is currently third biggest .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea1d3667b745296500552792e8283043", "text": "IPod Touch The iPod Touch ( stylized and marketed as iPod touch ) is an iOS-based all-purpose handheld PC designed and marketed by Apple Inc. with a user interface that is touchscreen-based . It can be used as a music and video player , digital camera , handheld game device , and personal digital assistant ( PDA ) . It connects to the Internet only through Wi-Fi base stations , does not use cellular network data , and is therefore not a smartphone , though it has a similar design to the iPhone and is often referred to as the `` iPhone without a phone '' . Furthermore , it does not fit in Apple 's iPhone accessories such as their leather cases . As of May 2013 , 100 million iPod Touch units had been sold . It is also the most popular iPod model . iPod touch models are sold by storage space and color , with all models of the same generation typically offering otherwise identical features , processors , and performance , in addition to available operating system upgrades ; an exception was the fifth generation , as the low-end ( 16 GB ) model was initially sold without a rear-facing camera . The current iPod touch is the sixth-generation model , released on July 15 , 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "616df987bbbdc6bd1e7f7d3d7a3947d5", "text": "June (company) June is a home automation company based in San Francisco . Its first product is the June Intelligent Oven , a computer-based , Wi-Fi-enabled , app-connected countertop oven that employs machine learning and computer vision technologies to identify and cook food . The oven was created by `` a team that brought the iPhone , the Fitbit , the GoPro , and Lyft to market . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d73a4ecae85432177fd9aa17c0e909a", "text": "Apple A5X The Apple A5X is a 32-bit system-on-a-chip ( SoC ) designed by Apple Inc. , introduced at the launch of the third generation iPad on March 7 , 2012 . It is a high performance variant of the Apple A5 ; Apple claims it has twice the graphics performance of the A5 . It was superseded in the iPhone 5 and 5C by the A6 chip and the fourth generation iPad by the A6X chip .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a156298f4266e608d49f1ba8ba269da6", "text": "Apple Mighty Mouse The Apple Mouse ( formerly Apple Mighty Mouse ) is a multi-control USB mouse manufactured by Mitsumi Electric and sold by Apple Inc. . It was announced and sold for the first time on August 2 , 2005 , and a Bluetooth version was available from 2006 to 2009 . Before the Mighty Mouse , Apple had sold only one-button mice with its computers , beginning with the Apple Lisa 22 years earlier . The Mighty Mouse supported two buttons , and a minuture trackball for scrolling . On October 20 , 2009 , the wireless Mighty Mouse was discontinued and replaced by the multi-touch Magic Mouse . The wired version of the device remains available , but was renamed the `` Apple Mouse '' as of the same date , due to trademark issues with another manufacturer of a device named `` Mighty Mouse '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4775e3c73104242882108a6686050a2f", "text": "Power Macintosh 5000 series The Power Macintosh 5000 series is a series of all-in-one ( meaning the cases feature an integrated monitor ) personal computers that are a part of Apple Computer 's Macintosh LC , Power Macintosh and Macintosh Performa series of Macintosh computers . The Power Macintosh 5200 LC was introduced in April 1995 with a PowerPC 603 CPU at 75 MHz as a PowerPC-based replacement of the Macintosh LC 500 series . Later models switched to the PowerPC 603e CPU and used model numbers above 5260 , but kept the same motherboard design . Unlike previous education models , which prepended the model number with `` LC '' , the 5200 series uses the Power Macintosh designation of Apple 's main workstation line of the time and appends the LC to the end of the model name . All models in the 5xxx series featured an integrated 15-inch ( 12.8 '' viewable ) monitor . The 5200 series is closely related to the 6200 series , which features the same logic boards in desktop cases without integrated monitors . This means that it also shares the 6200 's massive and confusing number of model designations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "371c43208a5ddfa95af3b8cea861dfeb", "text": "NetApp filer In computer storage , NetApp filer , known also as NetApp Fabric-Attached Storage ( FAS ) , or NetApp 's network attached storage ( NAS ) device is NetApp 's offering in the area of storage systems . A FAS functions in an enterprise-class storage area network ( SAN ) as well as as a networked storage appliance ; for this reason they are colloquially referred to as `` toasters '' . It can serve storage over a network using file-based protocols such as NFS , SMB , FTP , TFTP , and HTTP . Filers can also serve data over block-based protocols such as Fibre Channel ( FC ) , Fibre Channel over Ethernet ( FCoE ) and iSCSI . NetApp Filers implement their physical storage in large disk arrays . Most other large-storage filers from other vendors tend to use commodity computers with an operating system such as Microsoft Windows Server , VxWorks or tuned Linux . NetApp filers use highly customized hardware and the proprietary Data ONTAP operating system , both originally designed by NetApp founders David Hitz and James Lau specifically for storage-serving purposes . Data ONTAP is NetApp 's internal operating system , specially optimised for storage functions at high and low level . It boots from FreeBSD as a stand-alone kernel-space module and uses some functions of FreeBSD ( command interpreter and drivers stack , for example ) . All filers have battery-backed NVRAM , which allows them to commit writes to stable storage quickly , without waiting on disks . Early filers connected to external disk enclosures via SCSI , while modern models use FC and SAS protocol . The disk enclosures ( shelves ) support FC hard disk drives , as well as parallel ATA , serial ATA and Serial attached SCSI . Implementers often organize two filers in a high-availability cluster with a private high-speed link , either Fibre Channel , InfiniBand , or 10 Gigabit Ethernet . One can additionally group such clusters together under a single namespace when running in the `` cluster mode '' of the Data ONTAP 8 operating system .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5ff7d32dd36879365a600ef5eb83d2e", "text": "Sony Vaio S series The Vaio S series was a line of notebook computers from Sony introduced in Summer 2004 . They have been touted as business laptops , and their designs have focused on being thin and light . They also have features friendly to businesspeople , such as TPM chips , matte ( anti-glare ) displays , RAID SSDs , and extended sheet batteries , as well as continuing to include RJ-45 and VGA ( D-Sub ) connections .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c54829f4b572113017e4ddef390a881e", "text": "Palm TX The Palm TX ( written as `` Palm T | X '' in official documentation ) was a personal digital assistant which was produced by Palm , Inc. . It was announced and released as part of Palm 's October 2005 product cycle , and was in production until March 2009 . It succeeded the Tungsten T5 PDA . The TX marked Palm 's discontinuation of `` Tungsten '' sub-branding for its high-end handhelds . It featured 802.11 b Wi-Fi and Bluetooth wireless connectivity . It ran Palm OS Garnet , version 5.4.9 . As Palm considered the LifeDrive to be separate from its PDA line , designating it as a `` Mobile Manager '' , the TX was Palm 's flagship PDA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "814ecdb47bca44d9c85fc9120054ca5d", "text": "Apple Adjustable Keyboard The Apple Adjustable Keyboard is an ergonomic and adjustable keyboard introduced by Apple Computer in 1993 for the Macintosh personal computers at a retail price of US$ 219 . The keyboard attached to the computer via the Apple Desktop Bus ( ADB ) . The last Apple computer released compatible with this keyboard without using a USB to ADB adapter was the Power Macintosh G3 ( Blue & White ) , as it was the last one with the Apple Desktop Bus . It aimed to solve repetitive stress injuries resulting in carpal tunnel syndrome , after several computer keyboard manufacturers were sued for poor design . The Apple Adjustable Keyboard came with contoured plastic wrist rests , and a separate keypad with function keys and arrow keys . This was the third and last time Apple offered a separate numeric keypad . Unlike its predecessors , it was not sold separately . The keyboard also included volume buttons and a record button on the right side of the keyboard . It was hinged at the top , allowing the user to adjust the angle between the right and left sides of the keyboard . The split came between the key pairs : 5/6 , T/Y , G/H , and B/N . The space bar floated midway between the two parts . Although the keyboard addressed several ergonomic problems , it was reviewed poorly due to using a large amount of desk space , mainly because of the optional palm rests . The keyboard uses Alps SKFS switches , which provide tactile feedback with a slightly `` clicky '' feel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3191b9ef0127476f8ae47de9964570ed", "text": "MStar MStar Semiconductor , Inc. . was a Taiwanese fabless semiconductor company specializing in mixed-mode integrated circuit technologies , based in Hsinchu Hsien . MStar made hardware for multimedia and wireless communications , in the form of display ICs and mixed-mode ( i.e. combining analog and digital functions ) ASIC/IPs , in addition to chip sets for GSM mobile handsets . MStar employed approx . 1300 in more than 10 branches worldwide . The company 's revenue was around US$ 1067 million in 2010 . The growth has been substantial , their revenue in 2005 was US$ 175 million . MStar is listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange under the code 3697 . MStar was often referred as `` Little-M '' in Chinese community , as a contrary part of the bigger semiconductor company `` Big-M '' , a.k.a. MediaTek . MStar was a spin-off ( 2-1 stock split ) from System General Technology in May 2002 , where the power IC product line stayed in System General Technology while the employees with the display and RFID product lines transferred to the new spin-off . After the spin-off , an 1-2 stock swap was taken to exchange the two companies back to their corresponding shareholders . Chairman of MStar was Wayne Liang , while Steve Yang was president and co-founder . In 2004 , after being involved in a court case where in a ruling by the International Trade Commission ( ITC ) , MStar Semiconductor were found guilty over infringing on a patent held by Genesis Microchip for a method to improve images on liquid-crystal-display ( LCD ) monitors and flat screen TVs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc891c56063765b29a106cabed39132c", "text": "Power Macintosh G3 (Blue & White) The Power Mac G3 series ( commonly known as the `` Blue and White G3 '' , or sometimes either as the `` B&W G3 '' , `` Yosemite G3 '' or `` Smurf Tower '' to distinguish it from the original Power Macintosh G3 ) is a short-lived series of personal computers designed , manufactured and sold by Apple Computer Inc. as part of their Power Macintosh line . It was introduced in January 1999 , succeeding the original `` beige '' Power Macintosh G3 , with which it shared the name and processor architecture but little else ; it was discontinued in favor of the Power Mac G4 line in August 1999 . The Blue & White G3 used a modified version of the memory/PCI controller , the Motorola MPC106 ( codenamed `` Grackle '' ) ; it used the MPC106 v4 . The I/O `` Heathrow '' had been replaced by `` Paddington '' ( adding 100 Mbit Ethernet and power save features ) , the audio chip `` Screamer '' ( on the beige G3 's `` Personality Card '' ) had been replaced by `` Burgundy '' , and other controllers for Firewire ( Texas Instruments PCI-Lynx ) , for USB etc. were added . Though still based on the PowerPC G3 architecture , the G3 B&W was a totally new design . The first new Power Mac model after the release of the iMac , it used a novel enclosure with the logic board on the folding `` door '' , which swung down onto the desk for easy access ( a design that was also used on all Power Mac G4 models except for the Cube ) , and borrowed the iMac 's blue-and-white color scheme . It also introduced the New World ROM to the Power Macintosh line .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c80a0070326a58d9d4d0c665f130fa83", "text": "Nexus 7 (2013) The second generation Nexus 7 is a mini tablet computer co-developed by Google and Asus that runs the Android operating system . It is the third tablet in the Google Nexus series , a family of Android consumer devices marketed by Google and built by an original equipment manufacturer partner . Following the success of the original Nexus 7 , a second generation of the device was released on July 26 , 2013 , four days earlier than the originally scheduled date due to early releases from various retailers . The tablet was the first device to ship with version 4.3 of Android . The second iteration of the 7 in tablet , code named `` Razor '' , has various upgrades from the previous generation , including a 1.5 GHz quad-core Snapdragon S4 Pro processor , 2 GB of memory , a 1920 × 1200 pixel display ( 323 pixels per inch ; 127 ppcm ) , dual cameras ( 1.2 MP front , 5 MP rear ) , stereo speakers , built-in inductive Qi wireless charging , and a SlimPort ( via micro USB connector ) capable of full high-definition video output to an external display .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a6502f0313c16293034d46759099e3bb", "text": "T-Platforms T-Platforms is a Russian supercomputer company . Founded in 2002 , T-Platforms Group is headquartered in Moscow , Russia with regional offices in Hanover , Germany , Hong Kong , China and Taipei , Taiwan . The company has implemented more than 300 integrated projects , six of which were included in the Top500 list of the world 's most powerful supercomputers . T-Platforms owns patents on a number of supercomputer technologies and electronic components . T-Platforms ' solutions are used for fundamental and applied research in various fields of science , including life sciences , physics , chemistry and mathematics , as well as for calculation-intensive tasks in engineering , computer graphics and many other disciplines . In 2011 , HPCWire named Vsevolod Opanasenko , CEO of T-Platforms , one of 12 most famous and respected people of the global HPC community . In November 2011 , the 33,072 processor Lomonosov supercomputer in Moscow developed by T-Platforms ranked number 18 in the world , and the fastest in Russia . It placed 3rd in Europe . In October 2012 , T-Platforms delivered its first supercomputer in the US to the State University of New York at Stony Brook ( SBU ) . T-Platforms is part of the plan of the Russian government to focus on larger supercomputers by 2020 . In April 2013 , the United States Department of Commerce added T-Platforms to their `` list of organizations and individuals acting contrary to the national security or foreign policy interests of the United States '' , preventing the company from buying computer chips produced anywhere in the world if the factories producing them use American technology . The decision was based on US concerns that T-Platforms work includes `` the development of computer systems for military end-users , and the production of computers for nuclear research '' . T-Platforms was delisted from the list in December 2013/January 2014 , after removal request from the company The main competitor is RSC Group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "92b4dc78671e96aa9693fcc35c9d19fb", "text": "Apple Lisa Apple Lisa is a desktop computer developed by Apple , released on January 19 , 1983 . It was one of the first personal computers to offer a graphical user interface ( GUI ) in a machine aimed at individual business users . Development of the Lisa began in 1978 , and it underwent many changes during the development period before shipping at the very high price of US$ 9,995 with a 5 MB hard drive . The high price , relatively low performance and unreliable `` Twiggy '' floppy disks led to poor sales , with only 100,000 units sold . In 1982 , after Steve Jobs was forced out of the Lisa project , he joined the Macintosh project , at that time developing a much more limited machine with a task-switching interface . Jobs redirected the Macintosh team to build a cheaper and better Lisa , releasing it in January 1984 and quickly outstripping Lisa sales . Newer versions of the Lisa were introduced that addressed its faults and lowered its price considerably , but it failed to achieve favorable sales compared to the much less expensive Mac . The final revision of the Lisa , the Lisa 2/10 , was modified and sold as the Macintosh XL . Generally considered a failure , the Lisa nevertheless introduced a number of advanced features that would not re-appear on the Macintosh for a number of years . Among these was an operating system which featured protected memory and preemptive multitasking , and a more document-oriented workflow . The hardware itself was also much more advanced than the Macintosh , with a hard drive and support for up to 2 megabytes ( MB ) of RAM , expansion slots and a larger higher-resolution display . The main exception being that while the Macintosh also used the 68000 processor , the Macintosh initially used a version clocked at 7.89 Mhz , compared to the 5Mhz version used in the Lisa . The complexity of the Lisa operating system and its associated programs overtaxed the slower processor enough that users perceived it to be sluggish , particularly when scrolling in documents .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74e9ba3b63e50b358915cfb946ff34ad", "text": "Game controller A game controller is a device used with games or entertainment systems to provide input to a video game , typically to control an object or character in the game . A controller is usually connected to a game console or computer by means of a wire or cord , although , since the mid-2000s , wireless controllers have become widespread . Input devices that have been classified as game controllers include keyboards , mouses , gamepads , joysticks , etc. . Special purpose devices , such as steering wheels for driving games and light guns for shooting games , are also game controllers . Game controllers have been designed and improved over the years to be as user friendly as possible . The Microsoft Xbox controller , with its shoulder triggers that mimic actual triggers such as those found on guns , has become popular for shooting games . Some controllers are designed to be deliberately best for one type of game , such as steering wheels for driving games , or dance pads for dancing games . One of the first video game controllers was a simple dial and single button , used to control the game Tennis for Two . Controllers have since evolved to include directional pads , multiple buttons , analog sticks , joysticks , motion detection , touch screens and a plethora of other features .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a961372e635903e9c2641d806fc2ae61", "text": "Game Boy Printer The Game Boy Printer , known in Japan as the , is a thermal printer accessory released by Nintendo in 1998 , which ceased being manufactured in early 2003 . The Game Boy Printer is compatible with all the Game Boy systems except the Game Boy Micro , and is designed to be used in conjunction with the Game Boy Camera . It also prints images from compatible late-generation Game Boy and Game Boy Color games ( listed below ) . It runs on six AA batteries and uses a special 3.8 cm wide thermal paper with adhesive backing , sold in white , red , yellow and blue colors . In Japan , a bright yellow Pokémon version of the Game Boy Printer was released , featuring a feed button in the style of a Poké Ball . Mad Catz sells a kit that enables users to connect a Game Boy to a PC and print images using the PC 's printer . Hobbyists outside the UK can also make their own cable for uploading images to their computer . A Game Boy Printer emulator is needed for the Game Boy to interface with the PC once linked via cable . The Game Boy Printer Paper has also been discontinued , and rolls of the genuine article that still produce a reliable image are becoming more difficult to find . Regular thermal paper , such as the kind used for POS terminals , can be cut to the proper width and used successfully with the Game Boy Printer . The system will print a test message reading `` Hello '' if it is turned on while the feed button is held . According to the manual , this is used to test if the printer is functioning properly . To get around using six AA batteries ( 1.5 volts each ) for the printer , a single 9V battery can be used if wired properly , because the printer requires 9V DC .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "a20c99ecf7e3115b5e82fa5493a34ffc", "text": "O. J. Simpson Orenthal James `` O. J. '' Simpson ( born July 9 , 1947 ) , nicknamed The Juice , is a former American football running back , broadcaster , actor , and convicted armed robber and kidnapper . Simpson attended the University of Southern California ( USC ) , where he played college football for the USC Trojans and won the Heisman Trophy in 1968 . He played professionally in the National Football League ( NFL ) as a running back for 11 seasons , with the Buffalo Bills from 1969 to 1977 and with the San Francisco 49ers from 1978 to 1979 . In 1973 , he became the first NFL player to rush for more than 2,000 yards in a season ; holding the record for the single season yards-per-game average , which stands at 143.1 . He is the only player to ever rush for over 2,000 yards in the 14-game regular season NFL format . Simpson was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1983 and the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1985 . After retiring from football , he began new careers in acting and football broadcasting . In 1995 , Simpson was acquitted of the 1994 murders of his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ronald Goldman after a lengthy and internationally publicised trial . The families of the victims filed a civil suit against him , and in 1997 a civil court awarded a $ 33.5 million judgment against Simpson for the victims ' wrongful deaths . In 2007 , Simpson was arrested in Las Vegas , Nevada , and charged with felonies including armed robbery and kidnapping . In 2008 , he was convicted and sentenced to 33 years imprisonment , with a minimum of nine years without parole . He is serving his sentence at the Lovelock Correctional Center in Lovelock , Nevada .", "title": "" } ]

[ { "docid": "b81196dc8b8edd0ef90a0e512e893bd9", "text": "Johnny Briscoe Johnny Briscoe is an American man falsely convicted of rape and other crimes and subsequently exonerated by DNA evidence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e9418ae7c46e5d550d3495b757736b75", "text": "Murder of Larry King Lawrence `` Larry '' Fobes King ( January 13 , 1993 -- February 13 , 2008 ) was a 15-year-old gay student at E.O. Green Junior High School in Oxnard , California . He was shot twice by a fellow student , 14-year-old Brandon McInerney , and kept on life support until he died two days later . Newsweek described the shooting as `` the most prominent gay-bias crime since the 1998 murder of Matthew Shepard '' , bringing attention to issues of gun violence as well as gender expression and sexual identity of teenagers . Following many delays and a change of venue , McInerney 's first trial began on July 5 , 2011 , in the Los Angeles district of Chatsworth . That trial ended on September 1 , 2011 when Judge Charles Campbell declared a mistrial because the jury was unable to reach a unanimous verdict . Prosecutors decided to try McInerney again , but dropped the hate crime charge . On November 21 , 2011 , McInerney avoided the scheduled retrial by pleading guilty to second degree murder , voluntary manslaughter and use of a gun . The plea carries a sentence of 21 years imprisonment without chance of parole .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5837c49b11a439fb3860224beafdb976", "text": "Jared Lee Loughner Jared Lee Loughner ( -LSB- ˈlɒfnɚ -RSB- born September 10 , 1988 ) is an American mass murderer who pleaded guilty to 19 charges of murder and attempted murder in connection with the January 8 , 2011 Tucson shooting , in which he shot and severely injured U.S. Representative Gabrielle Giffords , his target , and killed six people , including Chief U.S. District Court Judge John Roll , as well as a nine-year-old bystander , Christina-Taylor Green . Loughner shot and injured a total of 13 people , while one man was injured while subduing him . Acquaintances said that Loughner 's personality had changed markedly in the years prior to the shooting , a period when he was also abusing alcohol and drugs . He had been suspended from Pima Community College in September 2010 because of his bizarre behavior and disruptions in classes and the library . After his arrest , two medical evaluations diagnosed him with paranoid schizophrenia and incompetent to stand trial . He was medicated while in jail as part of his treatment . He was again judged incompetent in May 2012 . In August 2012 , Loughner was judged competent to stand trial , and at the hearing , he pleaded guilty to 19 counts . In November 2012 , he was sentenced to life plus 140 years in federal prison .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ddea8c6dcf91fc777665f4a247907f2", "text": "Watts v. Indiana Watts v. Indiana , , was a United States Supreme Court case in which Justice Robert Jackson famously opined , `` To bring in a lawyer means a real peril to solution of the crime because , under our adversary system , he deems that his sole duty is to protect his client -- guilty or innocent -- and that , in such a capacity , he owes no duty whatever to help society solve its crime problem . Under this conception of criminal procedure , any lawyer worth his salt will tell the suspect in no uncertain terms to make no statement to police under any circumstances . '' In this case , a defendant was subjected to rigorous interrogation methods , including being forced to sleep on the floor , resulting in a confession to having committed murder . The Supreme Court ruled that the confession was involuntary and reversed his conviction . Category : United States Supreme Court cases Category :1949 in United States case law Category : United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court Category : United States criminal procedure case law", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ddb20c85a507b76f4e8bf11db62b5b4", "text": "Oakland County Child Killer The Oakland County Child Killer ( OCCK ) is an unidentified serial killer responsible for the murders of four or more children , two girls and two boys , in Oakland County , Michigan , United States in 1976 and 1977 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72da5b07e0c96e8094081ef797b2d242", "text": "Shooting of Laquan McDonald The shooting of Laquan McDonald took place on October 20 , 2014 , in Chicago , Illinois . McDonald , in possession of a 3-inch folding knife , was shot by former Chicago Police Officer Jason Van Dyke from approximately ten feet ( 3 m ) away . After investigation , Officer Van Dyke was charged in November 2015 with first-degree murder and initially held without bail at the Cook County Jail . He was released on bail on November 30 . The city reached a settlement with McDonald 's family . Subsequent protests denounced McDonald 's death and demanded changes in police and judicial procedure , and for the dismissal or resignation of city and county officials . Cook 's County State Attorney Anita Alvarez lost her bid for re-election in 2016 , but Rahm Emanuel won a second term in 2015 as Mayor of Chicago . At the request of Illinois Attorney General Lisa Madigan , the United States Department of Justice initiated a civil rights investigation into McDonald 's death and the activities of the Chicago Police Department . It released its report in January 2017 , describing the police as having a culture of `` excessive violence , '' especially against minority suspects , and of having poor training and supervision . DOJ and city officials have signed an agreement for a plan for improvement to be overseen by the courts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eea36b16053e0c75471ceb86993ffc34", "text": "Death of Richard O'Brien Richard O'Brien ( 1957 -- 4 April 1994 ) was an Irish national who died while being arrested by the London Metropolitan police . He was reported to have been placed face down in a police van by five or six officers , and held there , despite saying he was unable to breathe . The Independent wrote that O'Brien 's 14-year-old son , Richard , was slapped and arrested after asking police to check on his father . An inquest heard in 1995 that O'Brien , from Dulwich , South London , had 31 injuries to his body , including cuts and bruises on his face , a dislodged tooth , and fractured ribs . Pathologist Vesna Djurovic said there was pinpoint bleeding indicative of haemorrhaging after blood vessels on his face burst . The cause of death was recorded as `` postural asphyxia following a struggle against restraint '' , and a verdict of unlawful killing was returned . The police said O'Brien had been drunk and had struggled violently with them , and denied that his injuries had been caused by the arrest . The Crown Prosecution Service initially refused to prosecute , but three officers -- Richard Ilett , Gary Lockwood , and James Barber -- were eventually charged with manslaughter after O'Brien 's family sought a judicial review . They were acquitted in 1999 , when the defence argued successfully that O'Brien had had a heart attack when he tried to remove himself from custody .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2dd37d72da77f19872c1845d7f116ea2", "text": "DNA Analysis Backlog Elimination Act of 2000 The DNA Analysis Backlog Elimination Act of 2000 ( H.R. 4640 , 42 U.S.C. 14135 et seq. ) is a United States Act of Congress that primarily allows US states to carry out DNA analyses for use in the FBI 's Combined DNA Index System and to collect and analyse DNA samples . Under the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 , 42 U.S.C. § 14132 , `` Congress authorized the FBI to create a national index of deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA ) samples taken from convicted offenders , crime scenes and victims of crime , and unidentified human remains . '' In response to this congressional mandate , the FBI established the Combined DNA Index System ( `` CODIS '' ) . The CODIS database provides a means for state and local forensic laboratories to share DNA profiles in an attempt to `` link evidence from crime scenes for which there are no suspects to DNA samples of convicted offenders on file in the system . '' However , the 1994 Act was interpreted by the FBI to permit only the creation of the CODIS , not the taking of DNA samples of persons convicted of federal offenses for input into the system . Thus , `` the FBI requested that Congress enact statutory authority to allow the taking of DNA samples from persons committing Federal crimes of violence , robbery , and burglary , or similar crimes in the District of Columbia or while in the military , and authorizing them to be included in CODIS . '' Accordingly , Congress passed the DNA Analysis Backlog Elimination Act of 2000 ( `` DNA Act '' ) , 42 U.S.C. § 14135 et seq. , which authorizes the `` Attorney General to make grants to eligible States ... to carry out , for the inclusion in the Combined DNA Index System of the Federal Bureau of Investigation , DNA analyses of samples taken from individuals convicted of a qualifying State offenses . '' 42 U.S.C. § 14135 ( a ) ( 1 ) . Moreover , the DNA Act provides that `` the Director of the Bureau of Prisons shall collect a DNA sample from each individual in the custody of the Bureau of Prisons who is , or has been , convicted of a qualifying Federal offense '' and that `` the probation office responsible for the supervision under Federal law of an individual on probation , parole , or supervised release shall collect a DNA sample from each such individual who is or has been , convicted of a qualifying Federal offense . '' 42 U.S.C. § 15135a ( a ) ( 1 ) - ( 2 ) . In addition , Congress has mandated the collection of DNA samples from `` each individual in the custody of the Bureau of Prisons who is , or has been convicted of a qualifying District of Columbia offense '' or any `` individual under the supervision of the Agency who is on supervised release , parole , or probation who is , or has been convicted of a qualifying District of Columbia offense . '' 42 U.S.C. § 14135b ( a ) ( 1 ) - ( 2 ) . Congress left to the District of Columbia the responsibility of determining which offenses under the District of Columbia Code should be deemed qualifying offenses . 42 U.S.C. § 14135b ( d ) . The District of Columbia has determined that forty-nine separate offense qualify for collection under the DNA Act . See , D.C. Code § 22-4151 ( 1 ) - ( 46 ) . These qualifying offense include , for example , arson , aggravated assault , burglary , kidnaping , robbery , attempted robbery , and carjacking . Id . Once a DNA sample is entered into the CODIS database , the information can be released only ( 1 ) `` to criminal justice agencies for law enforcement identification purposes ; '' ( 2 ) `` in judicial proceedings ; '' ( 3 ) `` for criminal defense purposes , to a defendant , who shall have access to samples and analyses performed in connection with the case in which such defendant is charged ; '' or ( 4 ) `` if personally identifiable information is removed , for a population statistics database , for identification research and protocol development purposes , or for quality control purposes . '' 42 U.S.C. § 14132 ( b ) ( 3 ) . In addition , the DNA Act imposes criminal penalties for individuals who improperly disclose sample results or improperly obtains or uses DNA samples . 42 U.S.C. § 14135e ( c ) . Category :2000 in law Category :106 th United States Congress Category : United States federal criminal legislation Category : Law articles needing an infobox", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d613fdc99865fc05c5ba535c8760af2", "text": "Gerardo Flores Gerardo Flores ( born 1986 ) of Lufkin , Texas , was convicted in 2005 of two counts of capital murder for giving his girlfriend , who was carrying twins , an at-home abortion the previous year . Prosecutors chose not to seek the death penalty , and so he was sentenced automatically to life in prison without the possibility of parole for 40 years . The conviction and sentence were denounced as the most draconian punishment for abortion in America in decades . His girlfriend , Erica Basoria , was sixteen years old and five months pregnant at the time . She was unable to get an abortion , so after her own attempts to induce miscarriage failed she called upon Flores to try stepping on her midsection . A week later she miscarried . Under Texas law a woman can not be charged with causing the deaths of her own fetuses , so Flores alone stood trial .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "689f833b61732cdb6bbf4a2399e0e7f9", "text": "Career Girls Murders The `` Career Girls Murders '' was the name given by the media to the killings of Emily Hoffert and Janice Wylie in their apartment on the Upper East Side of Manhattan on August 28 , 1963 . George Whitmore , Jr. , was accused of this and other crimes but later cleared . The actions of the police department led Whitmore to be improperly accused of this and other crimes , including the murder of Minnie Edmonds and the attempted rape and assault of Elba Borrero . Whitmore was wrongfully incarcerated for 1,216 days -- from his arrest on April 24 , 1964 , until his release on bond on July 13 , 1966 , and from the revocation of his bond on February 28 , 1972 -- until his exoneration on April 10 , 1973 , when , after what author T.J. English called , in his book The Savage City , `` a numbing cycle of trials , convictions , convictions overturned , retrials , and appeals '' , Whitmore was cleared of all charges and set free . Whitmore 's treatment by the authorities has been cited as an example that led the US Supreme Court to issue the guidelines known as the Miranda rights . The Supreme Court cited Mr. Whitmore 's case as `` the most conspicuous example '' of police coercion in the country when it issued its 1966 ruling establishing a set of protections for suspects , including the right to remain silent , in Miranda v. Arizona .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb25eb2d3b1fa9403ec83d12062d90a0", "text": "Cornealious Michael Anderson III Cornealious Michael `` Mike '' Anderson III ( born c. 1977 ) was convicted of armed robbery in 2000 and sentenced to 13 years in the Missouri state prison system . Shortly after his conviction he was released on bail pending the outcome of an appeal of his conviction . In May 2002 , his appeal was rejected but , due to a clerical error , his bond was not revoked when a warrant was issued for his arrest . It was unclear why he was not arrested and imprisoned to serve his 13-year sentence , but , apparently due to clerical errors and miscommunication , the Missouri Department of Corrections thought he was already in prison . The error was only discovered when he was scheduled to be released from prison in 2013 . On July 25 , 2013 he was arrested and required to serve his 13-year sentence . The case stirred controversy when investigative articles were written by Jessica Lussenhop in the Riverfront Times newspaper and when his case was covered nationally in the United States in an episode of This American Life . By April 2014 , his case began receiving extensive national and international attention . These articles and episode raised the question of whether he should be returned to prison 13 years after his conviction especially since the victim of his crime did not believe he should be in prison . Anderson 's attorney filed several appeals and petitions for his release from prison , and on May 5 , 2014 Anderson was released from prison . In 2014 , he was arrested for another crime , but subsequent videotape evidence showed that he could not have committed the crime and charges were dropped with an apology by Circuit Attorney Jennifer M. Joyce .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e07ad861032ddd5fcf162017ec6ab0c", "text": "Pohl trial The Pohl trial against the Nazi German administration of the `` Final Solution '' ( also known as the WVHA Trial and officially The United States of America vs. Oswald Pohl , et al ) was the fourth of the twelve trials for war crimes that the United States authorities held in their occupation zone in Germany in Nuremberg after the end of World War II . The twelve trials were all held before U.S. military courts , not before the International Military Tribunal , although both courts presided in the same rooms at the Palace of Justice . They are known collectively as the `` Subsequent Nuremberg Trials '' or more formally , as the `` Trials of War Criminals before the Nuremberg Military Tribunals '' ( NMT ) . In the Pohl case , SS-Obergruppenführer Oswald Pohl and 17 other SS officers employed by the SS Main Economic and Administrative Office ( abbreviated in German as SS-WVHA ) , were tried for war crimes and crimes against humanity committed during the time of the Nazi regime . The main charge against them was their active involvement in and administration of the `` Final Solution '' . The WVHA was the Nazi government office that ran the concentration and extermination camps . It also handled the procurement for the Waffen SS and , as of 1942 , the administration of the SS-Totenkopfverbände . The judges in this case , heard before Military Tribunal II , were Robert M. Toms ( presiding judge ) , Fitzroy Donald Phillips , Michael A. Musmanno , and John J. Speight as an alternate judge . The Chief of Counsel for the Prosecution was Telford Taylor ; James M. McHaney and Jack W. Robbins were the principal prosecutors . The indictment was presented on January 13 , 1947 ; the trial began on April 8 , and sentences were handed down on November 3 , 1947 . Four persons , including Oswald Pohl , were sentenced to death by hanging . Three were acquitted . The others received sentences of imprisonment between 10 years and lifetime . At the request of the judges , the court reconvened on July 14 , 1948 to consider additional material presented by the defense . On August 11 , 1948 , the tribunal issued its final sentences , confirming most of its earlier sentences , but slightly reducing some of the prison sentences and changing the death sentence of Georg Lörner into a sentence of life imprisonment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bcf322b553e859cc348d9313401bfdbb", "text": "Cory Maye Cory Jermaine Maye ( born September 9 , 1980 ) is a former prisoner in the U.S. state of Mississippi . He was originally convicted of murder in the 2001 death of a Prentiss , Mississippi police officer Ron W. Jones , during a drug raid on the other half of Maye 's duplex . Maye has said he thought that the intruders were burglars and did not realize they were police . He pleaded not guilty at his trial , citing self-defense . Nevertheless , Maye was convicted of murder and was sentenced to death . Maye 's case attracted little attention until late 2005 , when Reason magazine senior editor and police misconduct researcher Radley Balko brought it to light on his blog The Agitator . Balko 's research raised several questions about Maye 's conviction and in particular about the reliability of medical examiner Steven Hayne , who performed the autopsy on Jones and testified at the trial . According to Maye 's supporters , his conviction also brought up issues such as the right to self-defense , police conduct in the War on Drugs , racial and social inequities in Mississippi and whether he received competent legal representation . On September 21 , 2006 , Maye 's death sentence was unexpectedly overturned by Judge Michael Eubanks , who ruled that Maye had received incompetent legal representation during his sentencing phase , and ordered a new sentencing hearing . Maye was sentenced to life in prison . On November 17 , 2009 , the Mississippi Court of Appeals ruled that Maye 's constitutional right of vicinage was violated when Judge Eubanks refused to return the case to Jefferson Davis County , where the alleged crime occurred . The en banc court reversed Maye 's conviction and remanded the case for a new trial . The State of Mississippi appealed to the Mississippi Supreme Court , which agreed to hear the case . On December 2 , 2010 , the Mississippi Supreme Court issued its decision , in which it held that Maye was entitled to a new trial on the ground that the trial court had improperly refused to issue a self-defense instruction that would have highlighted for the jury Maye 's right to act in defense of his infant daughter , who was present in the home on the night of the police raid that led to the shooting . On July 1 , 2011 , Judge Prentiss Harrell signed a plea agreement in which Maye pleaded guilty to manslaughter ; Maye was then sentenced to ten years in prison , time he had already served . Maye was transferred to Rankin County , Mississippi for procedural paperwork and out-processing and was released on July 18 , 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a0f306f9bed0ac64532dbf32cf6a1b6", "text": "Christopher Chubasco Wilkins Christopher Chubasco Wilkins ( September 29 , 1968 January 11 , 2017 ) was a Texas inmate sentenced to death and executed for a 2005 double murder . On October 27 , 2005 , Wilkins shot and killed Willie Freeman and Mike Silva . Freeman had allegedly cheated Wilkins in a drug deal ; Silva was with Freeman at the time and thus witnessed the killing . The numbers `` 666 '' and a pentagram matching one of Wilkins ' numerous tattoos were found carved into Silva 's car at the scene of the murders . Wilkins ' fingerprints were also found . The previous day , Wilkins also allegedly killed Gilbert Vallejo outside a bar in south Fort Worth after a dispute over a payphone . On October 28 , Wilkins was arrested and charged with the murders of Freeman and Silva ; he later also confessed to murdering Vallejo . He was sentenced to death on March 12 , 2008 , after only 90 minutes of deliberation by the jury . When asked by his defense lawyer if he wanted to die , Wilkins said : `` I guess , subconsciously , I 've been trying to get myself killed since I was 12 or 13 years old . I do n't have nothing to live for . I have n't been any good to anybody for the last 20 years and I wo n't be for the next 20 or the 20 after that . '' Wilkins was initially scheduled to be executed on October 28 , 2015 ( which , coincidentally , was the 10th anniversary of his arrest ) . His execution was stayed and later rescheduled to January 11 , 2017 . Wilkins was executed by lethal injection on January 11 , 2017 , at 6:29 PM . He was 48 years old .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50bdbf899c47dad5e5a58f79bb6c53e7", "text": "Julian Knight Julian Knight ( born 4 March 1968 ) is an Australian mass murderer . On 9 August 1987 , he shot dead seven people and injured 19 during a shooting spree in Clifton Hill , Victoria , Australia , in what became known in Australian history as the Hoddle Street massacre . Knight is currently serving seven consecutive life sentences with non-parole period of 27 years . At the time of sentencing Victoria had no provision for life imprisonment without parole , also as Knight was aged between 18 and 21 at the time , he was classed as a young offender , meaning the sentencing judge had to give more weight to his prospects of rehabilitation . The judge who sentenced him , Justice George Hampel , stated that there were `` a number of mitigatory factors '' including his age and `` prospects of rehabilitation '' . Knight currently resides in the maximum security Port Phillip Prison in Truganina , Victoria near Melbourne and was eligible for parole in 2014 ; however , the Victorian government has drafted a new legislation , stating that Knight will never be released from prison and will only be released if he is infirm and incapacitated to the point where he no longer poses a danger to others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0b323276c6f64434ae072eb1ca51ce6", "text": "Death row Death row is a special section of a prison in the United States that houses inmates who are awaiting execution after being sentenced to death for the conviction of a capital crime . The US is the only Western country that still applies the death penalty for capital crimes . Thirty-one of its 50 states and the federal government authorize this penalty . But by 2016 , sixteen of these states and the federal government had a formal or `` de facto '' moratorium , due in large part to questions about the death penalty itself or the use of lethal injection as a method of execution . `` Death row '' is a term also used figuratively to describe the state of awaiting execution ( `` being on death row '' ) , even in places where no special facility or separate unit for condemned inmates exists . After a person is found guilty of a capital offense , the judge will give the jury the option of imposing a death sentence or life imprisonment without the possibility of parole ( LWOP ) . It is up to a jury to decide whether to give the death sentence ; this usually has to be a unanimous decision . If sentenced to death , a convict will remain on death row during appeal and habeas corpus procedures , which can take years . Since 1973 and later , with an increasing number of persons being freed since 1993 , some 157 persons as of January 2017 have been exonerated on appeal and released from death row . Wrongful convictions have been proven based on DNA evidence , informants retracting testimony or being proven false , prosecutorial misconduct , racial bias in jury selection , and other constitutional issues .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ecf0efc250126c4bb86edc6b915c630b", "text": "Kenneth McGriff Kenneth `` Supreme '' McGriff ( born September 19 , 1960 ) is a convicted American drug trafficker and organized crime figure . McGriff came to prominence in the early 1980s when he formed his own crack distributing organization which he called the Supreme Team based in the South Jamaica section of Queens , New York . Under McGriff 's leadership , the gang 's numbers swelled to the hundreds and came to control the crack cocaine trade in the Baisley Park Houses , the neighborhood where McGriff was raised . In 1987 , McGriff was arrested following a joint state and federal investigation and in 1989 pleaded guilty to engaging in a Continuing Criminal Enterprise . He was sentenced to 12 years incarceration . McGriff was released from prison on parole in early 1994 after serving approximately seven years of his sentence . He was sent back to prison on parole violations by year 's end , and served another 2 1/2 years ' incarceration before being released in 1997 . McGriff is alleged to have had a hand in the 2002 murder of Run D.M.C. member Jam Master Jay , and was convicted of ordering the 2001 killing of Mobb Deep affiliate E-Moneybags ( real name Eric Smith ) . Federal authorities also accused him in connection with the attempted murder of 50 Cent . Persistent rumors suggest that McGriff felt 50 Cent had exposed too much of the drug kingpin in Jamaica , Queens and others involved in the drug trade through the lyrics of his song `` Ghetto Qu ` ran '' released in 2000 . On February 1 , 2007 McGriff was convicted of murder-for-hire at a Federal court in the Eastern District of New York on charges that he paid $ 50,000 to have two rivals ( Eric Smith and `` Big Nose '' Troy Singleton ) gunned down in 2001 . The jury deliberated for five days before finding McGriff guilty of murder conspiracy and drug trafficking . On February 9 , 2007 , the same jury sentenced McGriff to life in prison . Throughout this case he was defended by a court-appointed attorney because nearly all of his assets had been seized . McGriff began serving his life sentence at ADX Florence , the federal supermax prison in Colorado , but in 2011 was transferred to the United States Penitentiary , Lee , a high-security federal prison in Pennington Gap , Virginia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dfcdd719e45d0ce8c54e37bb5d5eeffc", "text": "Estes v. Texas Estes v. Texas , 381 U.S. 532 ( 1965 ) , was a case in which the United States Supreme Court overturned the fraud conviction of petitioner Billy Sol Estes , holding that his Fourteenth Amendment due process rights had been violated by the publicity associated with the pretrial hearing , which had been carried live on both television and radio . News photography was permitted throughout the trial and parts of it were broadcast as well . There was no doubt that the Court was displeased with the intensive pretrial and trial coverage , but its biggest concern was the presence of cameras at the two-day-long pretrial hearing . It included at least 12 still and television photographers , three microphones on the judge 's bench , and several aimed at the jury 's box and attorney 's table . When it was time for the trial to be held , it was moved about 500 miles away and the judge had imposed rather severe restrictions on press coverage . However , the justices did mark the notion that cameras would return to courtrooms eventually : It is said that the ever-advancing techniques of public communication and the adjustment of the public to its presence may bring about a change in the effect of telecasting upon the fairness of criminal trials . But we are not dealing here with future developments in the field of electronics . Our judgment can not be rested on the hypothesis of tomorrow but must take the facts as they are presented today . '' The Supreme Court ruled in Chandler v. Florida , 449 U.S. 560 ( 1981 ) that a state could allow the broadcast and still photography coverage of criminal trials .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68b7cedb92872999f52eb1f69825bdd0", "text": "Christopher Simcox Christopher Simcox ( 10 December 1909 -- 1981 ) was an English double murderer , notable and perhaps unique in being twice sentenced to death , and twice reprieved . Simcox , a maintenance fitter by trade , lived in Smethwick in the West Midlands of England . He was divorced by his first wife for cruelty . Simcox murdered his second wife in 1948 , and was sentenced to death at Stafford Assizes . However , in April 1948 the House of Commons had passed Sydney Silverman 's amendment to the then current Criminal Justice Bill to suspend capital punishment for murder for five years . The House of Lords overturned the amendment later in the year , but in the intervening period the Home Secretary , James Chuter Ede had announced that he would reprieve all condemned prisoners until the law was settled . Between March and October 1948 26 persons , including Simcox , were thereby reprieved . Simcox served 10 years in jail , before being released on licence . He was married , for the third time , in 1962 to Ruby Irene . In 1963 he threatened his wife with an air-pistol , but was put on probation . His wife subsequently left him , with the help of relatives . On 11 November 1963 Simcox , armed with a rifle , went in search of his wife . He shot her sister , Mrs Hilda Payton , fatally through the head , before pursuing his wife to her brother 's house . There he shot them both , but they survived . Simcox then turned the gun on himself , shooting himself twice through the body , but he also survived . In February 1964 Simcox was again tried at Stafford Assizes , and sentenced to death by Mr Justice Finnemore . The Homicide Act 1957 had restricted capital murder to a limited class of crimes , including murder with a firearm , and a second murder committed on a different occasion from the first . Simcox was eligible to be hanged on both grounds . The wording of Simcox 's sentences of death was slightly different on the two occasions . In 1948 he was sentenced `` to be hanged by the neck until you are dead '' , while in 1964 he was sentenced `` to suffer death in the manner authorised by law '' . This change in language was provided in the 1957 Act ; the old language was considered anachronistic , as since the 1870s Britain had employed the `` long-drop '' method of hanging , which was held to cause near-instantaneous death . Simcox 's date of execution was set for Tuesday 17 March 1964 at Winson Green Prison , Birmingham . However , his lawyers petitioned the Home Secretary , Henry Brooke , on the grounds that Simcox was still severely injured from his self-inflicted wounds , could not walk , and would probably have to be hanged in a wheelchair . There was no precedent for postponing an execution until a prisoner was fit enough to be hanged , and there was a history of reprieving prisoners whose executions might result in an unseemly spectacle owing to existing injuries or infirmity . On 14 March 1964 Brooke announced that Simcox had been reprieved , the sentence of death automatically being replaced by life imprisonment ; at that time there was no provision for attaching special conditions to such a sentence , meaning that one day Simcox might be released again , albeit on licence . Five months later , the last-ever hangings in Britain took place , and in 1965 the death penalty was , in practice , abolished for murder . In 1969 Simcox 's wife divorced him , and the civil judge in that case took the unusual step of recommending that Simcox never be released . Simcox died in Portsmouth in early 1981 , aged 71 . It is currently not known whether he was still a prisoner at the time of his death .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96e21d8c25e27f019e9ed28d15e36ce0", "text": "McGautha v. California McGautha v. California , 402 U.S. 183 ( 1971 ) is a criminal case heard by the United States Supreme Court , in which the Court held that the lack of legal standards by which juries imposed the death penalty was not an unconstitutional violation of the due process clause portion of the Eighth Amendment . Justice Harlan wrote that writing rules for jury death penalty decisions was beyond current human ability . The context was public and philosophical scrutiny of the unequal application of the death penalty , especially in that black who killed whites were much more likely to have a death penalty imposed . McGautha was overruled one year later by Furman v. Georgia , which held that sentencing discretion must be narrowed `` so as to minimize the risk of wholly arbitrary and capricious action . ''", "title": "" } ]