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27322951_0_0
27322951
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Indian%20%28disambiguation%29
Anglo-Indian (disambiguation)
Anglo-Indian (disambiguation). Anglo-Indian is a term used to refer to a community of people of mixed British and Indian ancestry. Historically, these people were called "Eurasian" and "Anglo-Indian" meant people of European descent born in India.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Indian%20%28disambiguation%29
Anglo-Indian (disambiguation)
Anglo-Indian (disambiguation). Anglo-Indian may also refer to language topics such as: Indian English Regional differences and dialects in Indian English Hinglish Indian English literature List of English words of Indian origin List of English words of Persian origin
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Indian%20%28disambiguation%29
Anglo-Indian (disambiguation)
Anglo-Indian (disambiguation). Anglo-Indian may also refer to: Anglo-Indian Wars India–United Kingdom relations Anglo-Indian Canadian Anglo-Indian cuisine
27322984_0_0
27322984
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara%20Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius. Barbara Christina Elisabeth Helsingius-Koski (née Helsingius; 27 September 1937 – 9 March 2017) was a Swedish-speaking Finnish singer, poet, and Olympic fencer.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara%20Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius. Career She participated at the 1960 Summer Olympics in foil fencing. Trained as a gym teacher, she took her masters in pedagogy at Stanford University (1963). Interested in American art and folk music, she began to record, and her first release, Barbara (1966), was a collection of American folk songs, translated to Finnish.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara%20Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius. She became well known internationally, and was a member of in Norway, of in Helsinki, and in Sweden, part of the (1999; its only Finn), and the joint Nordic cultural organisation .
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara%20Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius. From 1968–1975, she lived in Oslo with her husband, Henry William "Hank" Koski, a diplomat at the U.S. embassy. She was the mother of two daughters. Her family lives in Espoo, Finland.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara%20Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius. Death Helsingius died following a long illness on 9 March 2017 in Espoo, Finland at the age of 79.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara%20Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius. Prizes , Sweden (1989) Norsk-finsk kulturpris (1993) Nils Ferlin-prisen, (Sweden; 1994) Trubadurprisen (1994) NordVisa-statuetten ("Liv"; 1995) Pro Cultura, Espoo, Finland (1995)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara%20Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius. Books (Schildts) , poetry collection Songs Finland Sings, Warner/Chappel Music Finland (2000)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara%20Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius
Barbara Helsingius. Discography Barbara (1966; American folk songs in Finnish) (1977; own songs) (1978; Finnish version of the above) (1981; Finnish songs in Norwegian) (1981; own songs) (1982; musical settings of the Finnish poets Aale Tynni and Aila Meriluoto) (1982; Finnish songs in Norwegian) Reflection. Songs from Finland (1984; Finnish songs in English) (1986; her own and Finnish songs in Norwegian) (1986; Finnish-Swedish songs) (1986; Finnish version of above) (1992; Nordic songs in Finnish) (1996; own and Finnish songs in Swedish) Songs Finland Sings (2002; double CD of Finnish poems and songs, classics and songs which she translated to English. Contains 30 artists, including the Serena choir)
27322991_0_0
27322991
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troy%20Olsen
Troy Olsen
Troy Olsen. Troy Olsen (born July 12, 1973) is an American country music singer-songwriter signed to EMI Nashville, He co-wrote Blake Shelton's 2009 hit single "I'll Just Hold On" and Tim McGraw's "Ghost Town Train," a cut from the album Southern Voice.He also has cuts by many artists including Kid Rock, Michael English, Allison Moorer, Chris Young, Patty Loveless, and Aaron Watson. He has also written several songs for major motion pictures.
27322991_0_1
27322991
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troy%20Olsen
Troy Olsen
Troy Olsen. Olsen released his debut single, "Summer Thing," in April 2010, followed by a digital self-titled extended play on May 11. "Summer Thing" debuted at No. 57 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts dated for the week ending May 15, 2010. Olsen wrote the song with Ben Hayslip and Jimmy Yeary.
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27323003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASBMB
ASBMB
ASBMB. ASBMB may refer to: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Australian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
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27323011
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Water management in Greater Damascus, a metropolitan area with more than 4 million inhabitants, is characterized by numerous challenges, including groundwater overexploitation, increasing water demand, intermittent supply, and pollution. These challenges could be exacerbated by the impact of climate change, since projections indicate that a decrease in rainfall is likely. The quality of residential water supply mirrors social divisions within the metropolitan area, with the poorest neighborhoods receiving the worst service. Irrigation in the rural parts of Greater Damascus, in particular in the Ghouta, still accounts for about 70% of water use in the metropolitan area, with the remainder being used for residential, commercial and industrial use.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. The government has responded to the above challenges by banning the drilling of new agricultural wells, promoting water-saving irrigation techniques, rehabilitating the distribution network to reduce leakage, investing heavily in wastewater treatment for reuse, and experimenting with groundwater recharge. However, none of these measures has been successfully completed so far. Reallocation of water from irrigation to urban uses has also been suggested, but it has never been seriously considered by the government for political reasons, including strong traditional links of the ruling Baath Party to the Peasant's Union. Instead of forcefully promoting local solutions, the government continues to contemplate the large-scale transfer of water from Lake Assad on the Euphrates River through a costly mega-project.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Decision-making concerning water remains highly centralized. Ultimately the President of Syria takes all key decisions. Below him responsibility for the water sector is fragmented between different Ministries. One of them is the Ministry of Housing and Construction, which supervises the Damascus Water Supply and Sewerage Authority, the public utility for Greater Damascus. The Ministry of Irrigation also plays an important role in the sector.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Water resources Greater Damascus is located within the Barada basin, a closed basin that covers 8,630 km², and the neighboring Awaj basin. The Barada basin stretches over a distance of 81 km from the Anti-Lebanon mountains in the Northeast of Damascus at an altitude of more than 2,000 m with precipitation of up to 1,800 mm per year to the Ghouta oasis to the West of Damascus at an altitude of 600 m with less than 100 mm of rainfall. The smaller 70 km-long Awaj river runs South of the Barada river. Total primary water resources in the two basins, surface and groundwater, have been estimated at 452 million cubic per year. These water resources are augmented by reused wastewater and return flows from irrigation, estimated at between 500 and more than 800 million cubic metres per year, adding up to a total of 900 and almost 1300 million cubic metres per year. Precipitation is highly seasonal and occurs primarily during winter.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Water resources The main sources of water supply for Damascus are the Fijeh and Barada springs. The Fijeh springs are a group of three large karstic springs - The Fijeh main spring, the Fijeh side spring and the Harouch spring - in the Barada gorge. The three springs used to contribute half the flow of the Barada River. The Barada spring is located North of the Fijeh springs close to the Lebanese border. The entire flow of all these springs is captured today, including through wells positioned around the springs. This is why it appears during the summer that the Barada spring has dried up, while its flow is actually being captured and transferred along the river to supply various towns in the Barada gorge as well as Damascus itself with drinking water. Water from the Barada and Fijeh springs is transferred to a mixing station near Dummar where it is being chlorinated and distributed to the city. The city’s water supply is complemented by well fields in the plains around the city. The flow of the springs is highly seasonal, lagging several months behind the precipitation because of snow melt and the karstic characteristics of the rocks from which they emerge. The flow of the Figeh springs is less than 4 m3/second during the low-flow period from July to December. However, it reaches a maximum of more than 12m3/second (average 1962-1991) in April.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Water resources The remaining winter flow of the Barada river is not used for drinking water supply in Damascus. However, it plays an important recreational role for the numerous restaurants along its upper course. It also aliments the Ghouta oasis. When it leaves the Barada gorge and enters the plain of Damascus the Barada river splits into five branches. The two Northern branches flow along the foot of the Qasium mountain towards the East. The central branches, including the Barada proper, flow through the city center alongside the old city into the heart of the Ghouta. The southernmost branch takes a turn to the West before entering the city, and flows into what is called the Western Ghouta. Historically, much of the summer base flow of these rivers derived from the Fijeh and Barada springs. However, since the springs have been captured the river carries fresh water only during the winter and spring. Downstream of Damascus, it also carries more or less diluted wastewater that is being indirectly reused for irrigation in the Ghouta. Some winter flows also end up in the intermittent Lake Al-Utaybah, the lowest point of the closed Barada basin where the water infiltrates or evaporates.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Water resources Greater Damascus had about 4.2 million inhabitants in 2007 or about 25% of the population of Syria. This includes 1.7 million in Damascus governorate itself and 2.5 million in the surrounding governorate of Damascus Rif. Most of the population of Greater Damascus lives within the Barada and Awaj basins.
27323011_2_0
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Water use Just like data on water availability, publicly available data on water use in Greater Damascus are contradictory and outdated. In 2001 water use has been estimated at between 1,350 and 1,700 million cubic metres per year. This includes water use for irrigation that was estimated at between 920 and more than 1,200 million cubic metres per year, accounting for 68% and 76% of total water use in the basin. Domestic water use was estimated at between 300 and 390 million cubic metres per year. The lower bound of this estimate is probably more realistic and is equivalent to an average of about 220 liter/capita/day before distribution losses for a population connected to the network of about 3.75 million. Taking into account non-revenue water of about 50%, this corresponds to about 110 liter/capita/day which is about as much as domestic water use in Germany. However, during summer water availability and thus water use drop significantly. For example, in the summer of 2001 the city received 317,000 cubic meter per day, corresponding to about 85 liter/capita/day before losses and 43 liter/capita/day after losses.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Water use In 1998 the irrigated area in the two basins was estimated at 62,000 hectares. Since then, it is likely to have declined because of the loss of agricultural land to urbanization at the rate of about 1,000 hectares per year.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Water use Responsibility for water management and water policy Decision-making in Syria is highly centralized and water management is no exception to that rule. Local government has little to no say in water management. Within the government responsibility for water is shared between the Ministry of Housing and Construction, which is in charge of water supply and sanitation, and the Ministry of Irrigation. The Ministry of Local Administration and Environment is in charge of environmental protection, but remains relatively weak. The Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform also plays a role. Ultimately all important decisions rest with the President of the Republic and the Prime Minister. Decision-making is highly politicized within the framework of general policies established by the Ba'ath Party.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Water use According to a 2009 article by US political scientist Jessica Barnes, while water scarcity in Syria is usually presented as a result of population growth, it actually is a consequence of the ruling Ba'ath party’s promotion of water-intensive agriculture. This support for the agricultural sector is motivated in part by a desire for food self-sufficiency and growth through an expansion in irrigated agriculture. It is also linked to the rural roots of the Ba'ath party and the influential Peasants Union. Although much of the ruling class in Syria is now urban, the symbolic links between the party and the rural sector continue. This political context may explain why the government is reluctant to take drastic steps to reduce the pumping of groundwater from private wells for irrigation in the Ghouta near Damascus.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Water use The utility in charge of water supply and sanitation in Damascus is the Damascus Water Supply and Sewerage Authority, which is under the authority of the Minister of Housing and Construction. The utility’s service area includes the governorate of Damascus and parts of the surrounding Damascus Rif (Rural Damascus) governorate. In April 2009 the Syrian Government merged the two public water utilities operating in the Greater Damascus area, the Damascus Water and Sanitation Establishment (DWSSA) that operated in the Damascus governorate and the Rural Damascus Water Establishment (R-DWSSA) that operated in the Rural Damascus Governorate, into a single utility also bearing the name DWSSA. The decision was prompted by the need to better coordinate operations in the physically integrated service area of Greater Damascus, and to speed up the implementation of projects in rural Damascus governorate that had suffered from the limited execution capacity of R-DWSSA.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Water use In 2002 a Water Resources Information Center has been established in the Ministry of Irrigation with the assistance of JICA. It established a Geographical Information System for the Barada Awaj Basin, including data on groundwater, surface water and water quality.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Challenges The foremost water challenge in Greater Damascus is an increasing demand-supply imbalance, coupled with groundwater overexploitation and pollution. This imbalance leads to intermittent supply and coping costs in the form of expensive sales of water by tankers. Climate change may exacerbate this imbalance. Poor neighborhoods suffer disproportionately from the area’s water problems.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Groundwater overexploitation Between 1985 and 2005 the level of groundwater in the Barada basin, on which Damascus sits, declined from 50 meters to 200 meters. Intensive groundwater use began in the 1960s. Prior to that the groundwater level in the ghouta was 1-3m below the surface in winter and 2-10m in summer. The main source of water for irrigation at the time were the various branches of the Barada River. Landlords ensured that irrigation canals were maintained, and surface water was distributed through an intricate system called whereby farmers took turns (Qirat) whose length varied depending on factors such as the size of their plots and distance from the canals. After a land reform in 1958 newly created cooperatives were unable to maintain the irrigation canals and to implement the distribution system. Furthermore, surface water was increasingly polluted. As a result, farmers drilled wells - usually without a permit - and thus began the overexploitation of groundwater that persists until today.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Increasing demand Municipal water demand in Greater Damascus is increasing due to population growth of 2.6% per year (1990–2000) and also to higher living standards leading to higher water demand.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Water use Intermittent supply and supply by water tankers The Northern and Western parts of the city, which are closer to the Fijeh springs, receive better service than the Southern and Eastern parts that are at the end of the distribution network. Service is also better in winter when the yield of the spring is highest. During winter residents in the Northwestern parts of Damascus typically receive a continuous flow of water, while residents in the Southeastern parts of the city receive water for only a few hours per day or even every couple of days during summer. For example, the town of Sahenya, 16 km south-west of Damascus, was for 10 days without water in 2006. Most houses in Damascus have rooftop tanks to store water during periods of supply. Many houses have dual plumbing systems, with one tap for water that comes directly from the network and another tap for water that comes from the rooftop tank. As a consequence, many residents do not perceive a water crisis during most of the year, because they have sufficient water either from the network or from their rooftop tanks.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Water use Residents that do not receive enough water in summer are forced to buy water from water tankers. This water is very expensive compared to subsidized tap water. The quality of the tanker water is dubious, since it is drawn from wells that tap aquifers that may be polluted. Furthermore, there is a risk of contamination in the water tankers and in roof tanks.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Pollution Surface and groundwater in the Barada basin is polluted by industrial and domestic wastewater, as well as by agricultural non-point sources such as fertilizers and pesticides. Much of the wastewater generated from industrial activities in Greater Damascus is discharged into the environment, mainly to the Barada River, without prior treatment. The uncontrolled disposal of toxic, chemical products, primarily from lead industries and battery manufactories, has also resulted in severe soil pollution. There is no pre-treatment of industrial wastewater discharged into the sewer network. As a result, the largest wastewater treatment plant of Damascus in Adra frequently malfunctions. Measured concentrations of biological oxygen demand (BOD), a measure of organic water pollution, exceeded the allowed limits in most of the branches of the Barada River. According to the Syrian National Environmental Action Plan of 2003, concentrations of BOD and ammonia in the Barada River exceeded Syrian Standards for 86% of collected samples between 1995 and 2000. Well and spring water in the basin is bacteriologically contaminated because of sewage discharge. The concentrations of nitrates in some wells in the Ghouta exceeded the limits set by the drinking water standards. Because of discharges by tanneries concentrations of Chromium III reach 10 mg/liter in Al Daiyani River and exceed the allowable limits tenfold in the wells of Al Zablatini area, all located in the Barada basin. Surface water pollution reduces real estate values next to the river and its branches, as well as the recreational value of the river. It also damages fishery, aquaculture and biodiversity, in addition to its health impacts.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Possible impacts of climate change In the period 1960-2010 average precipitation in the Upper Barada basin has remained the same. While the yield of the Fijeh springs has declined from an annual average of 9.5m3/second in 1967-71 to 5.5 m3/second in 1996-2000, this is due to pumping from the aquifer in the immediate vicinity of the springs that was begun in 1981 in order to supply more water to Damascus during the dry season. Climate models project a reduction of rainfall and an increase of temperatures for the Eastern Mediterranean. Hydrological and meteorological data are considered a state secret in Syria, so that data are only indirectly available. According to a study by the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology conducted in 2010 and financed by German development cooperation funds, the yield of the Fijeh springs during the critical low-flow period from July to December is projected to decline by about 5% in the period 2021-2050 compared to the historical average during 1962-1991. However, the model projects a stronger decline of 15% for the distant future (2069-2098) compared to the base period, and even stronger declines of up to 50% during the springs' high-flow period in March–May.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Social divisions The poorest section of the population of Damascus live in the Southern neighborhoods which also receive the poorest service quality both in terms of quantity and quality. These neighborhoods are served primarily by wells whose quality is dubious, especially in terms of nitrates (see pollution). Due to overexploitation the amount of water available is insufficient for continuous supply, especially during summer when demand increases and groundwater levels drop (see intermittent supply). Due to pressure changes when supply is turned on and off, pollutants are sucked into leaky distribution pipes which further contaminates drinking water. This phenomenon is more widespread in the poorer neighborhoods.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Civil war As a result of the rebel capture of the village of Ain al-Fijah in the Barada River valley and its water spring in February 2012, the flow of water to Damascus and nearby towns has been sporadically cut off by the rebels in retaliation for military operations by government forces in the region for almost 5 years. The conflict escalated on 23 December 2016 when the rebels reportedly polluted the water spring with diesel fuel, although the opposition denies this and claims that the spring was damaged from barrel bombs. As a result, running water was cut off to more than 5.5 million people around Damascus and the government forces launched an offensive on rebel-held villages in the Barada River Valley.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Responses to challenges The government has responded to the challenges in various ways, including through a ban on drilling new wells, the introduction of more efficient irrigation techniques, the reduction of water losses, an ambitious municipal wastewater treatment program, and the gradual concentration of industries in newly created industrial estates. However, there are no limits on the extraction of water from more than 25,000 existing wells, water distribution losses remain high, the use of efficient irrigation techniques remains limited and untreated wastewater continues to be discharged into the environment. The challenges thus are far from being resolved. In 2006 the government has temporary revived plans for an expensive scheme to bring in water from the Euphrates river, located more than 400 km from Damascus.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Civil war The Syrian intellectual and former banker Elie ElHadj has advocated that inter-basin transfer schemes should be abandoned and argues in favor of a "local solution to a local crisis". According to him, "reallocation of water away from agriculture to householders’ use, supplemented by efficient modern irrigation technology is the efficient solution to Damascus Region’s water crisis in terms of economic feasibility and water availability."
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Civil war Subsequently a number of local solutions are described alongside the proposed inter-basin transfer.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Ban on drilling wells In 2006, the authorities were forced to stop the implementation of a plan for the drilling of more than 200 wells for drinking water supply in several regions of the Ghouta, as nitrate concentrations from the excessive use of fertilizers and from untreated wastewater seeping into the ground were found in the range of 100-200 mg/l (the drinking water quality standard sets a limit of 40 mg/l). The drilling of new private wells has also been banned.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Demand management Irrigation. With the assistance of JICA; the Ministry of Irrigation encouraged farmers in 2006 to switch to more efficient irrigation methods such as sprinklers. It has been estimated that saving water through installing more efficient irrigation systems such as sprinkler or drip irrigation would cost about US$0.15 per cubic meter, far less than bringing in new water from the Euphrates.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Civil war Municipal water use. In 2004, JICA completed a US$50m eight-year project to replace 100 km of water pipes across Damascus, which it said resulted “in a dramatic reduction in loss of water through pipe leakage from some 60 percent to 20 percent” in the sections covered However, the level of leakage remained high in other sections of the network. The Damascus utility also implements an awareness program in schools to make residents aware of the water imbalance in the basin and to encourage them to conserve water. Municipal demand management is complicated by the fact that residential water tariffs are very low. A typical residential water bill is the equivalent of about one or two Euros per household and month and thus provides little incentive to save water.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Civil war Wastewater treatment and reuse of reclaimed water In 1999 the first wastewater treatment plant of Damascus was completed in Adra to the North-East of the city, treating a significant part of the sewage collected in the city. With a capacity of 485,000 m³/day it is a large plant capable of treating the wastewater of more than 2 million people. The treated wastewater is discharged into irrigation canals in the Ghouta, where it irrigates 19,000 hectares of fruit trees. The plant was financed by the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development. The government plans to build a total of 30 wastewater treatment plants throughout Greater Damascus, including in towns in the Barada gorge. The European Investment Bank is financing the construction of four wastewater treatment plants to serve more than 400,000 inhabitants in the Southwest of Damascus. The bids for the design, construction and maintenance of the plants were published in 2008. The Syrian-Qatari investment company plans to build a wastewater treatment plant in Jaramana Southeast of Damascus. Germany is also financing a wastewater treatment plant and associated sewers in the Yarmouk area South of Damascus.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Civil war In order to tackle the problem of industries scattered throughout the city that discharge untreated or poorly treated wastewater into the sewer network or into open streams, the government has built and is constantly expanding a modern industrial estate in Adra near Damascus. Treatment facilities will be provided according to the type of industrial processes. The goal is to gradually relocate all industries to this and other planned industrial estates.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Groundwater recharge During winter some of the flow of the Fijeh springs exceeds demand and thus flows into the Barada river. The government plans to transfer some of this water through the existing pipelines, chlorinate it and inject it through recharge wells into the aquifer below Damascus to store it for use during summer. Pilot recharge projects have been initiated at various locations in the city using different recharge technologies. So far, the amount of water recharged remains limited and the large-scale feasibility of this option remains to be tested.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Mega-projects to tap new water sources The Syrian government has at various times considered two alternative mega-projects to bring additional water to the Greater Damascus area. One plan consisted in the transfer of water from the coastal region over a distance of at least 225 km and a cumulated difference in altitude of about 1000m. The water sources considered were two reservoirs in the coastal basin and even offshore springs in the Mediterranean or desalination of seawater at a total cost of more than US$1 per cubic meter including its transfer. By 2010 this plan was considered to have been abandoned. The other plan consists in building a pipeline from the Euphrates River. In 2006 Syrian officials said they were “pressing ahead” with a feasibility study by a Swiss company to transfer water from the Euphrates to Damascus at an estimated cost of US$2 billion. The project would involve conveying water from Lake Assad, some 441 kilometers away with pumping over an altitude of 712 meters. A capacity of 850 million m3 per annum has been envisaged, about twice the current water deficit in Greater Damascus. The cost for bulk water before distribution losses would be more than US$0.50 per cubic meter.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20management%20in%20Greater%20Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus
Water management in Greater Damascus. Mega-projects to tap new water sources Given very low water tariffs and the lack of political willingness to increase tariffs, any mega-project would have to be heavily subsidized by the government, which does not appear to have the resources to substantially increase the subsidies to the sector beyond their current level.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Joseph%20Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan. George Joseph Finnigan, C.S.C. (February 22, 1885 – August 14, 1932) was a 20th-century bishop in the Catholic Church in the United States.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Joseph%20Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan. Biography Born in Potsdam, New York, Finnigan professed religious vows in the Congregation of Holy Cross and was ordained a Catholic priest on June 13, 1915. Pope Pius XI named him to be the third bishop of the Diocese of Helena in the state of Montana. He was consecrated a bishop on August 1, 1927 by Archbishop Peter Joseph Hurth C.S.C., who was Titular Archbishop of Bostra and Bishop of Nueva Segovia in the Philippines. The co-consecrators were Bishops John F. Noll of Fort Wayne and Edward Francis Hoban, Auxiliary bishop of Chicago. He was installed in Helena on August 18, 1927 and served the diocese for five years until his death in 1932.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Joseph%20Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan. Formation as a priest Finnigan earned a bachelor's degree from the University of Notre Dame in 1910, before being sent to study at Holy Cross Seminary. In Rome, he earned a Licentiate of Sacred Theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University. Later, he earned a Doctor of Sacred Theology at the Laval University in Montreal.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Joseph%20Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan. Ministry as priest As a priest, Finnigan served at the University of Notre Dame. Along with Holy Cross Fathers Ernest Davis, Edward J. Finnigan, Frederick T. McKeon, James J. O'Brien, Charles L. O'Donnell, and Matthew J. Walsh, Finnigan served as a military chaplain in World War I. None of the Holy Cross Fathers lost their lives in the conflict. Finnigan served as chaplain of the local 137th Field Artillery Regiment, stationed at Fort Shelby, Hattiesburg, Miss. Later, serving in France, he was a chaplain with the 80th Field Artillery, earning the rank of captain.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Joseph%20Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan. In 1925 Finnigan was appointed Vice President at the University of Notre Dame. Father Finigan's period as vice president coincided with the ascent of Notre Dame football, and, to counter accusations of academic laxness, he created the university's Athletic Board of Control and issued the first rules governing academic and personal standards for amateur athletes. His ascent continued when he was elected Provincial of the U.S. Province of the Congregation of Holy Cross the following year for a six-year term, truncated when the Pope appointed Finnigan to be Bishop of Helena in 1927. The remainder of his term was completed by Fr. James A. Burns, C.S.C.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Joseph%20Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan. Ministry in the Diocese of Helena While several members of the Congregation of Holy Cross had been named to the episcopacy, Bishop Finnigan was the first to do so as a bishop in the United States. During his five years as bishop, he worked "to win the understanding and the cooperation of the clergy and of the people; to establish means of encouraging and financing native vocations to the priesthood; and to improve the condition of the Native Americans entrusted to his care. These were the guidelines this quiet, unassuming prelate followed."
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Joseph%20Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan. During his time of service, the members of Blackfoot Confederacy adopted Bishop Finnigan into the tribe in Browning, Montana on April 22, 1928. Mountain Chief gave Bishop Finnigan the name "Na-toa-ye-owa-shin" which means "Holy Word." He worked on behalf of Native Americans both with appeals for money to upgrade their churches, schools and infrastructure, and through prayer. His ministry also, of necessity, responded to the impact of the Wall Street Crash of 1929. The Crash, combined with a severe drought in Montana, obliged the diocese to increase its care for the poor. Bishop Finnigan led efforts to care for those most harmed by the effects.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Joseph%20Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan
George Joseph Finnigan. Bishop Finnigan, with his experience in higher education, devoted substantial resources and efforts to getting accreditation and long-term financial support for Mount St. Charles College. At commencement in 1932, Finnigan announced that the college would assume a new name in honor of its founder and the diocese's second bishop: Carroll College.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comanche%20High%20School
Comanche High School
Comanche High School. Comanche High School is a public high school located in Comanche, Texas, United States and is classified as a 3A school by the UIL. It is part of the Comanche Independent School District located in central Comanche County. In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comanche%20High%20School
Comanche High School
Comanche High School. Athletics The Comanche Indians and/or Maidens compete in the following sports:
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comanche%20High%20School
Comanche High School
Comanche High School. Baseball Basketball Cross Country Football Golf Powerlifting Softball Tennis Track & Field Volleyball
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comanche%20High%20School
Comanche High School
Comanche High School. School Activities Comanche supports many different school activities, including; Marching Band Guitar Drama Club Science Olympiad DECA FCCLA Theater One Act Play FFA Annual Staff Student Chamber National Honor Society Student Cabinet Small Schools Student Council FHLA Auto Skills USA Student Chamber Junior Bank Board FCS
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comanche%20High%20School
Comanche High School
Comanche High School. Public high schools in Texas Education in Comanche County, Texas
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20McGrath%20%28actor%29
Michael McGrath (actor)
Michael McGrath (actor). Michael McGrath (born September 25, 1957) is an American actor. Best known for his work on the Broadway stage, he received a Tony Award in 2012 for his performance in the musical Nice Work If You Can Get It.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20McGrath%20%28actor%29
Michael McGrath (actor)
Michael McGrath (actor). Career McGrath played the role of Patsy in the Broadway musical Spamalot (2005), for which he received a nomination for a Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Musical.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20McGrath%20%28actor%29
Michael McGrath (actor)
Michael McGrath (actor). He played the role of Cookie McGee in the Broadway musical Nice Work If You Can Get It (2012), for which he won the Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Musical. He also won the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actor in a Musical for this performance. McGrath originated the role of Mr. Simmons in Memphis (Broadway, 2009). He has been an ensemble member and understudy for many shows, including My Favorite Year (musical), Swinging on a Star and Little Me. He has appeared in the musicals Anything Goes as Moonface Martin and in Wonderful Town (2003) as Chick Clark.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20McGrath%20%28actor%29
Michael McGrath (actor)
Michael McGrath (actor). He starred in the play Is He Dead? on Broadway in December 2007 to February 2008 as Agamemnon Buckner.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20McGrath%20%28actor%29
Michael McGrath (actor)
Michael McGrath (actor). He is appearing in a new musical The Honeymooners, based on the television comedy The Honeymooners. The musical premiered at the Paper Mill Playhouse, Milburn, New Jersey on September 28, 2017, and stars McGrath as Ralph Kramden, Michael Mastro as Ed Norton, Leslie Kritzer as Alice Kramden, and Laura Bell Bundy as Trixie Norton. McGrath appeared in a workshop of the musical in 2014.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20McGrath%20%28actor%29
Michael McGrath (actor)
Michael McGrath (actor). On television, McGrath was the announcer/sidekick on The Martin Short Show.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20McGrath%20%28actor%29
Michael McGrath (actor)
Michael McGrath (actor). While working in the Boston production of Forbidden Broadway, McGrath met his future wife, Toni DiBuono.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20McGrath%20%28actor%29
Michael McGrath (actor)
Michael McGrath (actor). Personal life McGrath is from Worcester, Massachusetts. He is married to actress Toni DiBuono.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20McGrath%20%28actor%29
Michael McGrath (actor)
Michael McGrath (actor). 1957 births American male musical theatre actors Living people Male actors from Worcester, Massachusetts Singers from Massachusetts Theatre World Award winners Tony Award winners
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986%E2%80%9387%20Aberdeen%20F.C.%20season
1986–87 Aberdeen F.C. season
1986–87 Aberdeen F.C. season. Aberdeen F.C. competed in the Scottish Premier Division, Scottish Cup, Scottish League Cup and UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in season 1986–87.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986%E2%80%9387%20Aberdeen%20F.C.%20season
1986–87 Aberdeen F.C. season
1986–87 Aberdeen F.C. season. Overview Aberdeen lost their manager Alex Ferguson to Manchester United in November 1986. He was replaced by Ian Porterfield. On the field, the club finished in a disappointing fourth place in the Premier Division, and were knocked out of both domestic cup competitions by Celtic. In Europe, they were knocked out of the Cup Winners' Cup by Swiss club FC Sion at the first round stage.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986%E2%80%9387%20Aberdeen%20F.C.%20season
1986–87 Aberdeen F.C. season
1986–87 Aberdeen F.C. season. Overview New signings included midfielder Bobby Connor from Dundee and striker Davie Dodds from Swiss club Neuchâtel Xamax.
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27323060
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allie%20Moss
Allie Moss
Allie Moss. Allie Moss is an American songwriter and guitarist from Jersey Shore. She released her own EP entitled Passerby in 2009. In 2011, Moss released her debut album Late Bloomer. She regularly performs as a guitarist and backup vocalist for singer/songwriter and friend Ingrid Michaelson. While not performing on Michaelson's 2010 European tour, Moss returned to the fold during the summer of 2010 for a US tour.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allie%20Moss
Allie Moss
Allie Moss. Moss is probably best known in the UK for her song "Corner" which has been used for a television commercial for BT Infinity, its broadband internet service. The single reached number 70 in the UK.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allie%20Moss
Allie Moss
Allie Moss. Her song "Something to Hold Onto" was featured on the TV show Bones episode "The Feet on the Beach". Her song "Corner" was featured on Pretty Little Liars episode "It's Alive" and on episode 4.01 of the NBC series Parenthood "Family Portrait".
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allie%20Moss
Allie Moss
Allie Moss. Collaborations In 2016 she released an EP featuring 3-part harmonies with Bess Rogers and Hannah Winkler titled Allie, Bess & Hannah Sing.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allie%20Moss
Allie Moss
Allie Moss. Discography Passerby EP (2009)Christmas Tidings Holiday EP (2011)Late Bloomer (2011)The Other Side EP (2016)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglass%20Sherley
Douglass Sherley
Douglass Sherley. George Douglass Sherley (1857–1917) was an author, journalist, and poet. Sherley was born and lived in Louisville, Kentucky, USA. He was born into a wealthy family with interests in railroad companies and inherited the family's estate. He graduated from Centre College and then studied law at the University of Virginia. He worked as a journalist for the Louisville Courier-Journal beginning in the 1870s despite his millionaire status. He wrote poetry and short stories which he published using his own wealth during the 1880s.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglass%20Sherley
Douglass Sherley
Douglass Sherley. His works received little attention until he partnered with the popular poet James Whitcomb Riley in 1893 to tour the United States. Riley helped Sherley gain acceptance in the western literary community and, as part of Riley's show, he performed with other major talents including Samuel Clemens. After Riley and Sherley stopped touring in 1895, Sherley returned to live in both Louisville and Lexington, Kentucky, where he continued writing poetry and short stories, and three novels. His best selling books were Love Perpetuated, A Few Short Sketches and The Inner Sisterhood, published by J.P. Morton & Company. He had success writing short stories to serve as introductions to sheet music and other authors' works.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglass%20Sherley
Douglass Sherley
Douglass Sherley. He died in Martinsville, Indiana, and is buried in the Cave Hill Cemetery in Louisville.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary%20Feinerman
Gary Feinerman
Gary Feinerman. Gary Scott Feinerman (born February 19, 1965) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary%20Feinerman
Gary Feinerman
Gary Feinerman. Early life and education Born in Skokie, Illinois, Feinerman earned a Bachelor of Arts in 1987 from Yale University. He graduated from Stanford Law School with a Juris Doctor in 1991, where he finished second in his class and was a member of Stanford Law Review and Order of the Coif. From 1991 until 1992, Feinerman worked as a law clerk to United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit Judge Joel Flaum. From 1992 until 1993, Feinerman worked as an associate in the Chicago law firm of Mayer Brown. From 1993 until 1994, Feinerman worked as a law clerk for U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice Anthony Kennedy, alongside future justices Neil Gorsuch and Brett Kavanaugh.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary%20Feinerman
Gary Feinerman
Gary Feinerman. Professional career From 1994 until 1996, Feinerman worked for the United States Department of Justice as Counsel to the Office of Policy Development and also on detail to the Office of the Counsel of the President in 1995. From 1996 until 1999, Feinerman again worked as an associate for the Chicago law firm Mayer, Brown, Rowe & Maw. He served as a partner at the firm from 2000 until 2003. While at Mayer Brown, Feinerman performed pro bono work for the NAACP. From 2003 until 2007, Feinerman worked in the office of the Illinois Attorney General as the state's Solicitor General. On Nov. 5, 2003, Feinerman argued before the U.S. Supreme Court for petitioner in Illinois v. Lidster. The Court ultimately voted 6–3 for Illinois, holding that police departments may set up roadblocks to question motorists with no individual or collective suspicion of criminal activity, but rather to collect information about a recent hit-and-run accident. In 2007, Feinerman joined the Chicago law firm Sidley Austin as a partner, where he worked until becoming a United States District Judge.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary%20Feinerman
Gary Feinerman
Gary Feinerman. Federal judicial service In 2009, Feinerman applied for a vacant federal judgeship in Chicago. In August 2009, Feinerman's name was one of seven that Senator Dick Durbin submitted to the White House. On February 24, 2010, President Obama formally nominated Feinerman for the vacancy created by Judge Robert William Gettleman, who took senior status in May 2009. On April 15, 2010, the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary reported Feinerman's name to the full Senate. The full Senate voted 80–0 to confirm Feinerman on June 28, 2010, and he received his commission the next day.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bauchan
Bauchan
Bauchan. The bauchan (Scottish: bòcan English: bauchan, buckawn or bogan) is a type of domestic hobgoblin in Scottish folklore. It is often mischievous and sometimes dangerous, but is also very helpful when the need arises.
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27323126
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bauchan
Bauchan
Bauchan. Folklore John Francis Campbell in his Popular Tales of the West Highlands tells the story of Callum Mor MacIntosh whose farm in Lochaber was haunted by a bauchan. The relationship between Callum and the bauchan was noted as being contradictory in nature. While the bauchan was belligerent and combative, he often provided assistance in various farm-related tasks. When Callum emigrated to New York City the bauchan went with him and helped him clear his new plot of land. In this tale the bauchan is a shapeshifter and is able to transform into a goat.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bauchan
Bauchan
Bauchan. Fiction The character "Buckeye" is a bauchan in the fantasy novel The Haunted Wizard (1999) by Christopher Stasheff.
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27323152
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two%20Can%20Dream%20Alone
Two Can Dream Alone
Two Can Dream Alone. Two Can Dream Alone is a compilation album by folk rock duo Simon & Garfunkel. The album is a collection of songs from before they recorded their debut album Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M.. It also has solo recordings by both Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel during this era of their careers. It contains all of Simon & Garfunkel's singles from these years. Six years after its release, a similar album was released which contains all Paul Simon songs except for "Beat Love" by Art Garfunkel, which appears on both albums. The songs on that album are also from their early years.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two%20Can%20Dream%20Alone
Two Can Dream Alone
Two Can Dream Alone. Track listing All songs written by Paul Simon, except where noted
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two%20Can%20Dream%20Alone
Two Can Dream Alone
Two Can Dream Alone. "Dream Alone" [Art Garfunkel] "Beat Love" [Art Garfunkel] "Beat Love (With Harmony)" [Art Garfunkel] "I Love You (Oh Yes I Do)" [Art Garfunkel] "Just a Boy" "Play Me a Sad Song" "It Means a Lot to Them" "Flame" "Shy" "Soldier and a Song (Light Your Way)" [Art Garfunkel] "The Lone Teen Ranger" "Hey Schoolgirl" [Simon & Garfunkel] "Our Song" [Simon & Garfunkel] "That's My Story" [Simon & Garfunkel] "Teenage Fool" "Tia-Juana Blues" "Dancin' Wild" [Simon, Garfunkel] "Don't Say Goodbye" [Simon, Garfunkel] "Two Teenagers" [Simon, Garfunkel] "True or False" "Simon Says"
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two%20Can%20Dream%20Alone
Two Can Dream Alone
Two Can Dream Alone. Simon & Garfunkel compilation albums 2000 compilation albums Albums produced by Bob Johnston Columbia Records compilation albums Albums produced by Paul Simon Albums produced by Art Garfunkel Albums produced by Tom Wilson (record producer) Albums produced by Roy Halee
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27323194
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WDTB
WDTB
WDTB. WDTB may refer to: WDTB-LD, a television station (channel 29, virtual 39) licensed to serve Hamburg, New York, United States the Warning Decision Training Branch
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27323196
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Herald%20of%20Freedom
The Herald of Freedom
The Herald of Freedom. The Herald of Freedom, established 1829, was a newspaper published by P. T. Barnum, based in Bethel, Connecticut. The newspaper was created in reaction against the religious oppression and militant Calvinism Barnum had grown up with.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweet%20Little%20Lies
Sweet Little Lies
Sweet Little Lies. Sweet Little Lies may refer to: Sweet Little Lies (2010 film), Japanese film Sweet Little Lies (2012 film), Romanian film Sweet Little Lies, 2010 novel by Lauren Conrad "Sweet Little Lies", a 2019 song by the singer Bülow
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweet%20Little%20Lies
Sweet Little Lies
Sweet Little Lies. See also "Little Lies", a song by the English/American rock band Fleetwood Mac
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27323228
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recessional%20agriculture
Recessional agriculture
Recessional agriculture. Recessional agriculture is a form of agricultural cultivation that takes place on a floodplain. Farmers practice recessional agriculture by successively planting in the flooded areas after the waters recede. Thus recessional agriculture serves as a rudimentary form of irrigation. Soil type is an important consideration in recessional agriculture. One type of crop grown by this method is sorghum. Clay soils are especially suitable for recessional agriculture.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rancho%20Rincon%20de%20la%20Puente%20del%20Monte
Rancho Rincon de la Puente del Monte
Rancho Rincon de la Puente del Monte. Rancho Rincon de la Puente del Monte was a Mexican land grant in the Salinas Valley, in present-day Monterey County, California given in 1836 by Governor Nicolás Gutiérrez to Teodoro Gonzalez. The grant extended along the north bank of the Salinas River, across from Francisco Lugo's Rancho Paraje de Sanchez, and encompassed present day Gonzales
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rancho%20Rincon%20de%20la%20Puente%20del%20Monte
Rancho Rincon de la Puente del Monte
Rancho Rincon de la Puente del Monte. History Teodoro Gonzalez (1806–) came to Monterey from Mexico in 1825. He served as alcalde in 1836, and received the seven square league Rancho Rincon de la Puente del Monte grant in 1836. Teodoro Gonzalez married Guadalupe Villarnel (1808 –) after her husband Vicente Rico died. Guadalupe Villarnel de Rico was the mother of Francisco Rico grantee of Rancho San Lorenzo.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rancho%20Rincon%20de%20la%20Puente%20del%20Monte
Rancho Rincon de la Puente del Monte
Rancho Rincon de la Puente del Monte. With the cession of California to the United States following the Mexican-American War, the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the land grants would be honored. As required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim for Rancho Rincon de la Puente del Monte was filed with the Public Land Commission in 1852, and the grant was patented to Teodoro Gonzales in 1866.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rancho%20Rincon%20de%20la%20Puente%20del%20Monte
Rancho Rincon de la Puente del Monte
Rancho Rincon de la Puente del Monte. Gonzalez sons, Alfredo Gonzalez (b. 1845) and Mariano Gonzalez (b. 1848), founded the town of Gonzales in 1874.