id
stringlengths 9
15
| page_id
stringlengths 5
8
| page_url
stringlengths 31
312
| page_title
stringlengths 1
218
| text
stringlengths 21
2k
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
27320942_0_1 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine. Overview
The Columbia-class is being designed to replace the UGM-133 Trident II–armed ballistic missile submarines, whose remaining boats will be decommissioned, one per year, beginning in 2027. The Columbia-class will take over the role of submarine presence in the United States’ strategic nuclear force. |
27320942_0_2 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine.
Electric Boat is designing the Ohio Replacement Submarines with help from Newport News Shipbuilding. A total of 12 submarines are planned, with construction of the lead boat planned to begin in 2021. Each submarine will have 16 missile tubes, each carrying one Trident II D5LE missile. The submarines will be long and in diameter, as long as the Ohio-class design, and larger in diameter. |
27320942_0_3 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine.
In studies to determine how many submarines would be needed to support the United States' strategic nuclear force, the U.S. Navy looked at the number of missiles required to be at sea and on station at any given time, the number of missiles each submarine should be armed with and the likelihood that a submarine will remain undiscovered by the enemy and be capable of launching its missiles. Also taken into consideration was how the maintenance schedule of each submarine will affect that boat’s availability to be deployed on mission. Cost-reduction studies explored design and construction possibilities, including adding missile tubes to the design of the attack submarine, building Ohio-class replacement submarines using updated Ohio-class designs, and developing an entirely new Ohio Replacement Submarine design. |
27320942_0_4 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine.
Using the information from these studies, the Navy concluded that a new design would be the least expensive option that could meet all of the technical requirements. For example, both the modified Virginia-class and updated Ohio-class design options would have required an expensive mid-life refueling, whereas each Columbia-class nuclear core will last as long as the submarine is in service. |
27320942_0_5 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine.
The design and technology development of the Columbia-class is projected to cost $4.2 billion (fiscal 2010 dollars), although technology and components from the Ohio and Virginia classes are to be included where possible, to save money. The cost to build Columbia, the lead boat of the class, will be an estimated $6.2 billion (fiscal 2010 dollars). The Navy has a goal of reducing the average cost of the remaining 11 planned hulls in the class to $4.9 billion each (fiscal 2010 dollars). The total lifecycle cost of the entire class is estimated at $347 billion. The high cost of the submarines is expected to cut deeply into Navy shipbuilding. |
27320942_0_6 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine.
In April 2014, the Navy completed a 300-page specification report for the Ohio Replacement Program submarines. There are 159 specifications including weapons systems, escape routes, fluid systems, hatches, doors, sea water systems, and a set length of , partly to allow for sufficient volume inside the pressure hull. |
27320942_0_7 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine.
In March 2016, the U.S. Navy announced that General Dynamics Electric Boat was chosen as the prime contractor and lead design yard. Electric Boat will carry out the majority of the work, on all 12 submarines, including final assembly. All 18 Ohio-class submarines were built at Electric Boat as well. Huntington Ingalls Industries’ Newport News Shipbuilding will serve as the main subcontractor, participating in the design and construction and performing 22 to 23 percent of the required work. |
27320942_0_8 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine.
In late 2016, some 3,000 employees were involved, in Electric Boat alone, in the detailed design phase of the program, with the procurement of the first submarine scheduled for 2021. Completion of the first submarine is scheduled for 2030, followed by its entry into service in 2031. All 12 submarines are expected to be completed by 2042 and remain in service until 2085. |
27320942_0_9 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine.
On 28 July 2016, it was reported that the first submarine of the class will be named Columbia, to commemorate the District of Columbia, the capital of the United States. The Columbia-class was officially designated on 14 December 2016, by Secretary of the Navy Ray Mabus, and the lead submarine will be . The Navy wants to procure the first Columbia-class boat in FY2021. |
27320942_0_10 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine.
On 28 October 2020, U.S. Navy Secretary Kenneth J. Braithwaite announced that the second submarine would be named , after the U.S. state. |
27320942_0_11 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine.
On 7 June 2021, the U.S. Navy Budget office announced that the total cost for the first submarine, Columbia, would reach $15.03 billion, but that also includes planning costs for entire program. |
27320942_1_0 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine. General characteristics
Although still evolving, the following are some of the characteristics for the SSBN(X) design:
Expected 42-year service life (it is planned that each submarine will carry out 124 deterrent patrols during its service life)
Life-of-the-ship nuclear fuel core that is sufficient to power the submarine for its entire expected service life, unlike the Ohio-class submarines, which require a mid-life nuclear refueling
Missile launch tubes that are the same size as those of the Ohio class, with a diameter of and a length sufficient to accommodate a D-5 Trident II missile
Beam at least as great as the beam of the Ohio-class submarines
16 missile launch tubes instead of 24 missile launch tubes on Ohio-class submarines.
Although the SSBN(X) is to have fewer launch tubes than the Ohio-class submarine, SSBN(X) is expected to have a submerged displacement about the same as that of Ohio-class submarines |
27320942_1_1 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine. General characteristics
The U.S. Navy has also stated that "owing to the unique demands of strategic relevance, SSBN(X)s must be fitted with the most up-to-date capabilities and stealth to ensure they are survivable throughout their full 40-year life span." |
27320942_1_2 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine. General characteristics
In November 2012, the U.S. Naval Institute, citing Naval Sea Systems Command, revealed additional design information:
X-shaped stern control surfaces (hydroplanes)
Sail-mounted dive planes
Electric drive
Off-the-shelf equipment developed for previous submarine designs (Virginia-class SSNs), including a pump-jet propulsor, anechoic coating and a Large Aperture Bow (LAB) sonar system. |
27320942_1_3 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine. General characteristics
The Columbia-class submarine may also be equipped with a Submarine Warfare Federated Tactical System (SWFTS), a cluster of systems that integrate sonar, optical imaging, weapons control etc. |
27320942_2_0 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine. Electric drive
Electric drive is a propulsion system that uses an electric motor that turns the propeller of a vessel. It is part of a wider (Integrated electric power) concept whose aim is to create an "all electric vessel". Electric drive should reduce the life-cycle cost of submarines while at the same time reducing acoustic signature. |
27320942_2_1 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine. Electric drive
Turbo-electric drive had been successfully used on U.S. capital ships (battleships and aircraft carriers) in the first half of the 20th century, and on the small nuclear-powered submarine in the late 1950s. Another larger nuclear-powered submarine, the , was equipped with a turboelectric drive but proved to be underpowered and experienced reliability and maintenance issues. , only the French Navy uses turboelectric drive on its nuclear-powered s. |
27320942_2_2 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine. Electric drive
Conceptually, electric drive is only a segment of the propulsion system (it does not replace the nuclear reactor or the steam turbines). Instead, it replaces reduction gearing (mechanical drive) used on earlier nuclear-powered submarines. In 1998, the Defence Science Board envisaged a nuclear-powered submarine that would use direct energy conversion, eliminating the need for both reduction gearing as well as steam turbines. |
27320942_2_3 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine. Electric drive
In 2014, Northrop Grumman was chosen as the prime designer and manufacturer of the turbine generator units. The turbines convert thermal energy in the steam into mechanical energy, and the generators convert that mechanical energy into electrical energy. The electrical energy is then used for powering onboard systems as well as for propulsion via electric motor. |
27320942_2_4 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine. Electric drive
Various electric motors have and are being developed for both military and non-military vessels. Those being considered for application on future U.S. Navy submarines include permanent magnet motors (PMM) (being developed by General Dynamics and Newport News Shipbuilding) and a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) synchronous motors, being developed by American Superconductors as well as General Atomics. |
27320942_2_5 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine. Electric drive
More recent data shows that the U.S. Navy appears to be focusing on permanent-magnet, radial-gap electric propulsion motors (although the design switched from PMM to an advanced induction motor). Permanent magnet motors are being tested on the Large Scale Vehicle II for possible application on late production Virginia-class submarines, as well as future submarines. Permanent magnet motors, developed by Siemens AG, are used on Type 212 submarines, in service with the German and Italian navies. |
27320942_2_6 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine. Electric drive
Reports on the Royal Navy's , the class slated to replace the of ballistic missile submarines, state that the boats may have submarine shaftless drive (SSD) with an electric motor mounted outside the pressure hull. SSD was evaluated by the U.S. Navy as well, but it remains unknown whether the Ohio-class replacement will feature it. On contemporary nuclear submarines, steam turbines are linked to reduction gears and a shaft rotating the propeller/pump-jet propulsor. With SSD, steam would drive electric turbogenerators, powered by steam turbines, that would be connected to a non-penetrating electric junction at the aft end of the pressure hull, with a watertight electric motor mounted externally, possibly an Integrated Motor Propulsor arrangement, powering the pump-jet propulsor, although SSD concepts without pump-jet propulsors also exist. More recent data, including an Ohio Replacement scale model displayed at the Navy League’s 2015 Sea-Air-Space Exposition, indicates that the Ohio Replacement will feature a pump-jet propulsor visually similar to the one used on Virginia-class. The class will share components from the Virginia-class in order to reduce risk and cost of construction. |
27320942_2_7 | 27320942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-class%20submarine | Columbia-class submarine | Columbia-class submarine. Common missile compartment
In December 2008, General Dynamics Electric Boat Corporation was selected to design the Common Missile Compartment that will be used on the Ohio-class successor. In 2012, the U.S. Navy announced plans for its SSBN(X) to share a common missile compartment (CMC) design with the Royal Navy's Dreadnought-class ballistic missile submarine. The CMC will house SLBMs in "quad packs". |
27320950_0_0 | 27320950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete%20History%20Volume%20One | Complete History Volume One | Complete History Volume One.
Complete History Volume One is a compilation album by the Washington, D.C. hardcore punk band Government Issue, compiling the band's recordings from 1982 to 1985. It was released March 28, 2000 through Dr. Strange Records, with a companion album, Complete History Volume Two, released in 2002. Together, the two Complete History albums collect nearly all of the band's recorded output. Volume One intentionally omits the 1981 Legless Bull EP and the tracks "Hey Ronnie" and "Lie, Cheat, and Steal" released on the Flex Your Head compilation, as both of these releases are still in print through Dischord Records. |
27320950_0_1 | 27320950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete%20History%20Volume%20One | Complete History Volume One | Complete History Volume One. Track listing
All songs written and composed by Government Issue, except where noted. |
27320950_1_0 | 27320950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete%20History%20Volume%20One | Complete History Volume One | Complete History Volume One. Band
John Stabb – lead vocals (all tracks)
Marc Alberstadt – drums (all tracks)
Tom Lyle – bass guitar (tracks 1–5 on disc 1), guitar (tracks 6–45 on disc 1), producer (tracks 1–5 and 23–35 on disc 1, tracks 23–35 on disc 2)
Brian Baker – guitar (tracks 1–5 on disc 1), producer (tracks 1–5 and 23–45 on disc 1, tracks 1–5 and 23–35 on disc 2)
Mitch Parker – bass guitar (tracks 6–22 on disc 1)
Mike Fellows – bass guitar (tracks 23–35 on disc 1, tracks 13, 14, and 17 on disc 2)
Lenny Leonard – bass guitar (tracks 36–45 on disc 1, tracks 1–5, 7–11, 16, 18, 23, 25–32, 34, and 35 on disc 2)
Rob Moss – bass guitar (tracks 12 and 21 on disc 2)
Mitch Parker – bass guitar (tracks 19 and 20 on disc 2)
Steve Hansgen – bass guitar (tracks 24 and 33 on disc 2) |
27320950_1_1 | 27320950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete%20History%20Volume%20One | Complete History Volume One | Complete History Volume One. Production
Tom Scott – recording engineer (all tracks on disc 1, tracks 1–5 on disc 2), producer (tracks 23–35 on disc 1), remix engineer (tracks 36–45 on disc 1, tracks 1–5 on disc 2)
Ian MacKaye – producer and backing vocals (tracks 6–17 on disc 1)
Don Zientara – recording engineer (tracks 6–17 on disc 1)
Barbara Milne – recording engineer (tracks 36–45 on disc 1, tracks 1–5 on disc 2)
Steve Carr – recording engineer (tracks 36–45 on disc 1, tracks 1–5 on disc 2)
Jim Fox – recording engineer (tracks 23–35 on disc 2)
Phillip Roves – recording engineer (tracks 23–35 on disc 2)
Chris Biondo – recording and remix engineer (tracks 23–35 on disc 2)
Doug Johnston – recording engineer for this compilation
Jeff Caudill – art direction and design |
27320954_0_0 | 27320954 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010%20French%20Open%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%20singles | 2010 French Open – Women's singles | 2010 French Open – Women's singles.
Francesca Schiavone won her first and only Grand Slam singles title, defeating first-time Grand Slam finalist Samantha Stosur, 6–4, 7–6(7–2), to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2010 French Open, in a repeat of their last year's first round match. Schiavone thus became the first Italian woman to win a Grand Slam tournament, and the first woman in the Open Era to win the French Open while seeded outside the top 10. The final was the first since the 2004 tournament where both players were appearing in their first Grand Slam singles final. Schiavone remains the last woman with a one-handed backhand to win a grand slam tournament on the woman's tour. In virtue of her victory, Schiavone also made the top 10 for the first time, debuting at No. 6. |
27320954_0_1 | 27320954 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010%20French%20Open%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%20singles | 2010 French Open – Women's singles | 2010 French Open – Women's singles.
Svetlana Kuznetsova was the defending champion, but lost in the third round to Maria Kirilenko. |
27320954_0_2 | 27320954 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010%20French%20Open%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%20singles | 2010 French Open – Women's singles | 2010 French Open – Women's singles.
This was the last French Open appearance of four-time champion Justine Henin following her comeback. Prior to her defeat to Stosur in the fourth round, Henin had a streak of 24 match wins in the tournament (and had won 40 consecutive sets at Roland Garros before losing the second set of her third round match against Maria Sharapova). It was also the Grand Slam tournament debut of future world No. 1 and two-time Grand Slam champion Simona Halep. She was defeated by Stosur in the first round. |
27320954_0_3 | 27320954 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010%20French%20Open%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%20singles | 2010 French Open – Women's singles | 2010 French Open – Women's singles.
This was the first Grand Slam tournament since the 1979 Australian Open where none of the semifinalists had previously won a Grand Slam title. |
27320954_1_0 | 27320954 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010%20French%20Open%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%20singles | 2010 French Open – Women's singles | 2010 French Open – Women's singles. External links
Main Draw
2010 French Open – Women's draws and results at the International Tennis Federation |
27320958_0_0 | 27320958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest%20Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield.
Southwest Bakersfield (commonly referred to simply as The Southwest) is the southwest region of Bakersfield, California. It is roughly bounded by the Kern River to the north and Oak Street/Wible Road to the east. The other boundaries are the city limits themselves. |
27320958_0_1 | 27320958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest%20Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield.
The Southwest contains major residential, commercial, and industrial sectors, as well as parks, shopping districts, and a four-year university. |
27320958_0_2 | 27320958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest%20Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield.
Most of the land that makes up the region was originally owned by the Kern County Land Company. That company later became Tenneco West and is currently known as Castle and Cooke. Growth started in the early 1950s but accelerated by the 1960s. Most of the growth in Bakersfield between the 1960s and 1980s occurred in the southwest. In recent years, development in other regions has slowed the growth in the southwest. |
27320958_0_3 | 27320958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest%20Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield. Neighborhoods and Districts
Like other regions in Bakersfield, most districts and neighborhood boundaries in the Southwest vary depending on who a person talks to. Below are some of the more commonly used neighborhood names. |
27320958_0_4 | 27320958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest%20Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield. Financial District
Centered around California Avenue and Mohawk Street is Bakersfield's Financial District. It is the location for many of the regional offices and corporate headquarters for companies that have assets in the county, and surrounding region. These include Wells Fargo, Bank of the West, and Berry Petroleum. It is also home to Stockdale Towers, the tallest building in the city. Chevron, Occidental Petroleum, and other companies were also located there, but have since moved to larger buildings farther to the southwest. |
27320958_0_5 | 27320958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest%20Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield.
The Financial District is located on the actively producing Fruitvale Oil Field. Oil well pumping units are scattered throughout the district, mainly in the parking lots. The units are fenced and landscaped. Some of the tanks for storing the pumped oil are located just east of the intersection of Truxtun Avenue and Mohawk Street. |
27320958_1_0 | 27320958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest%20Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield. Seven Oaks
Seven Oaks is a mixture of residential and commercial space. It is roughly bordered to the north by Stockdale Highway and to the east by Gosford Road. The other boundaries are the city limits. Some of the housing communities in this area are Seven Oaks, Haggin Oaks, Southern Oaks, The Oaks, Campus Park, Laurelglen, The Vineyards, Silver Creek, Stone Creek, and Grand Island. Like Stockdale, it also contains a private country club (named the Seven Oaks Country Club). It also contains The Marketplace, a major retail center. California State University, Bakersfield is also located in Seven Oaks. |
27320958_1_1 | 27320958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest%20Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield. Seven Oaks
A major commercial and retail sector is River Walk. Located along Stockdale Highway, between the Kern River and Calloway Drive, it is a mixture of commercial and retail shopping, featuring stores such as Target, Sprouts Farmers Market, TJ Maxx, Nordstrom Rack, DSW, and BevMo!. The centerpiece to the development is The Park at River Walk, which contains two artificial lakes and a meandering stream. It is also home to the Bright House Amphitheater. |
27320958_1_2 | 27320958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest%20Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield. Seven Oaks
There is also a mini corporate center on Old River Road between the Kern River and Ming Avenue, although some of the buildings are also located on adjacent streets. Many companies in Bakersfield that need large office space are located there. Because land there is inexpensive, buildings' profiles tend to be short and wide, rather than high-rise. |
27320958_1_3 | 27320958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest%20Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield. Stockdale
Stockdale is a mostly residential neighborhood. Starting north and traveling clockwise, it is bounded by the Kern River, California Avenue/New Stine Road, Ming Avenue, and Gosford Road. The historic Stockdale Country Club, which was founded in 1925, is located there. Named neighborhoods include: Stockdale Country Club ("Old Stockdale"), Stockdale Country Club Estates ("Stockdale Estates"), Amberton, Westwood, Laurelglen, Los Portales, Quailwood, and Park Stockdale. |
27320958_1_4 | 27320958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest%20Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield | Southwest Bakersfield. Seven Oaks
Major shopping centers include Stockdale Village and Stockdale Fashion Plaza, both centered on the intersection of California Avenue/New Stine Road and Stockdale Highway. |
27320959_0_0 | 27320959 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clongriffin%20railway%20station | Clongriffin railway station | Clongriffin railway station.
Clongriffin railway station (Irish: Stáisiún Chluain Ghrifín) is a station at the western edge of Clongriffin on the northern section of the (DART), also accessible from Myrtle Avenue in Baldoyle and also serving other parts of northern Donaghmede, and Balgriffin. |
27320959_0_1 | 27320959 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clongriffin%20railway%20station | Clongriffin railway station | Clongriffin railway station. Location
Clongriffin railway station is situated along the Dublin–Belfast railway line between Portmarnock railway station and Howth Junction. |
27320959_0_2 | 27320959 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clongriffin%20railway%20station | Clongriffin railway station | Clongriffin railway station. History
The railway station was created as a part of the Northern Fringe Development plan and has been in operation since 19 April 2010. |
27320959_0_3 | 27320959 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clongriffin%20railway%20station | Clongriffin railway station | Clongriffin railway station. Facilities
There are two active platforms. A line splits off south of the station to provision a third platform, merging back just to the north; this platform is not in use.
The ticket office is open from 6 AM to 9 PM, Monday to Friday. It is closed on Saturday and Sunday.
There is an underground park-and-ride car park with 400 spaces, open from 6 AM to 9 PM, free of charge for the time being and bicycle parking. The northern terminus of the number 15 Dublin Bus route is also adjacent to the station which runs to Ballycullen in the south of the city via the city centre. |
27320959_1_0 | 27320959 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clongriffin%20railway%20station | Clongriffin railway station | Clongriffin railway station. Proposed Dublin Airport Link
In 2011, it was suggested by Iarnród Éireann that Clongriffin station become a new junction station on the proposed Dublin Airport railway line extension. In the 'Rail Vision 2030' strategic network review document this proposed line extension was recommended as a long-term goal; the new line would carry DART commuter services. |
27320961_0_0 | 27320961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Linderman | Bill Linderman | Bill Linderman.
William E. Linderman (April 13, 1920 – November 11, 1965) was an American rodeo cowboy who competed on the Rodeo Cowboys Association (RCA) circuit in the 1940s and 1950s. During his career, he won RCA All-Around Cowboy titles in 1950 and 1953, along with an unofficial All-Around Cowboy championship in 1945; in addition, he earned season championships in rodeo disciplines four times. Linderman was the first cowboy with three RCA world championships in a year, a feat he accomplished in 1950. A native of Montana, he joined the RCA in the early 1940s, winning his first discipline world championship in 1943 before beating out his brother for the 1945 unofficial All-Around Cowboy title. After injuries and health issues ended his 1946 and 1947 seasons, Linderman added two more All-Around Cowboy championships in the next six years. |
27320961_0_1 | 27320961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Linderman | Bill Linderman | Bill Linderman.
Beginning in 1947, Linderman worked various jobs for the RCA, including spells as a member of the organization's board of directors, president, and secretary-treasurer. His desire for a season-ending event featuring leaders in the RCA's point standings helped lead to the creation of the National Finals Rodeo. Linderman moved with his family to Washington, and remained with the RCA until his death in a plane accident. He was inducted into the ProRodeo Hall of Fame in 1979. |
27320961_0_2 | 27320961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Linderman | Bill Linderman | Bill Linderman. Early life
Born in Bridger, Montana and raised in Red Lodge, Linderman had six brothers, four of whom were cowboys on professional rodeo tours. At the age of seven, Linderman's father, John H. Linderman, died, and he eventually moved to his stepfather's farm in Belfry. As he became older, he began work as a cowboy for a ranch, in addition to serving as a rock miner. Sources differ on when Linderman joined the RCA; he did so between 1940 and 1942. |
27320961_0_3 | 27320961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Linderman | Bill Linderman | Bill Linderman. Professional rodeo career
In 1943, Linderman won his first world championship in the bareback riding event, and finished third in the All-Around Cowboy standings. Two years later, he won the All-Around title, which was unofficial at the time; his closest competitor was younger brother Bud Linderman. In addition to the All-Around crown, he won the saddle bronc riding world championship that year. In 1946, Linderman attempted to repeat as All-Around Cowboy, and entered the Deadwood, South Dakota rodeo with the lead in the standings. However, as he tried to wrestle a steer, he sustained broken back vertebrae and a broken neck, ending his season. Linderman returned to competition in 1947, only to have an appendectomy prematurely finish his campaign. The next year, Linderman won the all-around championship at the Calgary Stampede rodeo, and added a victory in the saddle bronc discipline. |
27320961_0_4 | 27320961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Linderman | Bill Linderman | Bill Linderman.
Linderman claimed three RCA world championships in 1950, becoming the first cowboy to win that many in a season. With over $30,000 in earnings during the year, he won the official All-Around Cowboy championship. He also won his second saddle bronc title and only steer wrestling crown. In 1952, Linderman earned more than $28,000 in RCA events, finishing third in the All-Around Cowboy standings behind Harry Tompkins and Buck Rutherford. The following year, Linderman again won the All-Around Cowboy title, with more than $33,000 in season earnings. In defense of the championship in 1954, he led the standings until mid-August, but fractured his right arm in the Colorado Springs Rodeo while competing in steer wrestling. The injury forced him to limit his schedule to riding events only, and a subsequent injury in Omaha caused him to miss the remainder of the season. |
27320961_0_5 | 27320961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Linderman | Bill Linderman | Bill Linderman.
In 1955, Linderman won the all-around championship at the Ellensburg Rodeo, adding victories in the bareback bronc and saddle bronc disciplines. However, he re-injured his right arm three times over the course of the season. The next year, he won all-around, bareback bronc, and steer wrestling championships at the Spokane Rodeo. Linderman repeated his wins in the all-around and steer wrestling categories in the 1957 Spokane Rodeo. In 1959, Linderman retired from competition; estimates of his career earnings range from over $439,000 to over $500,000. |
27320961_0_6 | 27320961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Linderman | Bill Linderman | Bill Linderman. Other rodeo work
From the mid-1940s until his death, Linderman also held various jobs in the rodeo industry. In 1946, after sustaining the injuries that ended his season, he served as a judge for other performers. The RCA gave Linderman a position on its board of directors in 1947, as he was recovering from his appendectomy; he represented bareback bronc riders. At the time, there were multiple rodeo organizations awarding world championships; in addition to the RCA, there was the International Rodeo Association (IRA), which itself was created by a merger of two organizations. Linderman was sent to a November 1948 IRA convention, where he backed the idea of a single champion per event. The IRA stopped calling their season point leaders "champions" in 1955. While on the board, he pushed for the creation of an event to be held at the conclusion of the rodeo season, which would involve the leaders in the standings. His intent was to have the event play a large role in deciding the season's champions, which were determined by season earnings. |
27320961_0_7 | 27320961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Linderman | Bill Linderman | Bill Linderman.
In 1951, the RCA made Linderman its president, and he served six terms through 1956. During his time as president, the RCA agreed to a deal with the Girls Rodeo Association (GRA), which mandated that rodeos comprising the RCA's schedule gain sanctioning by the GRA. Linderman's desire for a season-ending event came to fruition in 1959 with the founding of the National Finals Rodeo. He was selected by those in the rodeo community to be arena director at the rodeo. Linderman returned to the RCA in 1962 as secretary-treasurer, holding the position for the remainder of his life. |
27320961_0_8 | 27320961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Linderman | Bill Linderman | Bill Linderman. Personal life
Linderman married Jean Whidden and the couple had a daughter, Charlotte. A few years after Jean's death in 1945, he remarried to Patricia Aber, who had a daughter, Michael. They had one son, Billy. Around 1953, the family relocated from Montana to a ranch in Walla Walla, Washington. In 1959, Linderman purchased a Twin Falls, Idaho cattle ranch; he also acquired land in Gooding, for a residence. |
27320961_0_9 | 27320961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Linderman | Bill Linderman | Bill Linderman. Death
On November 11, 1965, Linderman boarded United Airlines Flight 227 to San Francisco; he was heading to Spokane, Washington, to speak at a Washington Fairs Association conference. Upon reaching Salt Lake City, Utah, the plane crashed short of the runway. The landing gear gave way at impact, leading to a fire which started in the jet's back section. The fire caused the deaths of 41 passengers, including Linderman. Multiple pieces of folklore exist in the rodeo community regarding events surrounding his death. According to one story, Linderman exited the plane after surviving the crash, only to die after returning in an effort to help others still aboard. American Cowboy magazine editor Kendra Santos describes another story, on a visit by Linderman to Denver's Pig ’n' Whistle restaurant hours before the accident, as having "been passed along—cowboy to cowboy". Linderman allegedly cashed a check at the restaurant and was asked for his address, which he is said to have given as "Heaven." He was buried in Livingston, Montana. |
27320961_0_10 | 27320961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Linderman | Bill Linderman | Bill Linderman. Legacy
Nicknamed "The King" by other rodeo performers, Linderman has been honored posthumously on several occasions. In 1966, Rodeo Sports News editor George Williams created the Bill Linderman Memorial Award, which is presented yearly to the leading cowboy with minimum earnings of $1,000 in three events; riding and timed events must both be represented. The RCA had sculptor Bob Scriver build a bronze statue of Linderman, which was placed in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma's Cowboy Hall of Fame in 1969. He had been a member of the Hall since 1966. Linderman was inducted into the ProRodeo Hall of Fame in 1979. |
27320961_0_11 | 27320961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Linderman | Bill Linderman | Bill Linderman. Honors
1966 Rodeo Hall of Fame of the National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum
1979 ProRodeo Hall of Fame
2001 Ellensburg Rodeo Hall of Fame
2006 Cheyenne Frontier Days Hall of Fame (as Linderman Family)
2012 Montana Cowboy Hall of Fame
2012 Montana Pro Rodeo Hall and Wall of Fame |
27320980_0_0 | 27320980 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton%20Minahan | Cotton Minahan | Cotton Minahan.
Edmund Joseph "Cotton" Minahan (December 10, 1882 – May 20, 1958) was a professional baseball player, and American track and field athlete who competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris, France. |
27320980_0_1 | 27320980 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton%20Minahan | Cotton Minahan | Cotton Minahan. Early life and education
Minahan was born in Springfield, Ohio and was one of 10 brothers and sisters, while young his family moved to Orange, New Jersey, and was educated at Georgetown University and Manhattan College, he competed for the Georgetown Hoyas. |
27320980_1_0 | 27320980 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton%20Minahan | Cotton Minahan | Cotton Minahan. Athletics
In June 1900, Minahan set sail for England with fellow club teammates William Holland and Arthur Duffey to compete in the Amateur Athletic Association of England Games, then they headed to Paris to compete in the 1900 Summer Olympics.
Minahan competed in the 60 metres event, placing fourth overall. He placed second in his initial heat with an unknown time (though the winner ran it in 7.0 seconds) before coming in fourth of four in the final with an estimated time of 7.2 seconds. |
27320980_1_1 | 27320980 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton%20Minahan | Cotton Minahan | Cotton Minahan. Athletics
Minahan also went on to run in the 100 metres, finishing in 12th or 13th place overall. He took second in his heat behind Norman Pritchard to advance to the semifinals, but placed fourth in his semi final so didn't advance to the final or the repechage. |
27320980_1_2 | 27320980 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton%20Minahan | Cotton Minahan | Cotton Minahan. Baseball
Minahan played as a right-handed pitcher for the season with the Cincinnati Reds. For his career, he compiled a 0–2 record, with a 1.29 earned run average, and 4 strikeouts in 14 innings pitched. He was the first athlete in history to have been an Olympian in a non-baseball sport and also play in major league baseball, preceding Jim Thorpe and Eddy Alvarez. |
27320980_1_3 | 27320980 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton%20Minahan | Cotton Minahan | Cotton Minahan. Death
Minahan died on May 20, 1958 in East Orange, New Jersey at the age of 75. |
27320992_0_0 | 27320992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopushna%20Monastery | Lopushna Monastery | Lopushna Monastery.
The Lopushna Monastery of Saint John the Forerunner (, Lopushanski manastir „Sveti Yoan Predtecha“) is a Bulgarian Orthodox monastery in northwestern Bulgaria. It lies in the Chiprovtsi part of the western Balkan Mountains, southwest the village of Georgi Damyanovo, Montana Province. |
27320992_0_1 | 27320992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopushna%20Monastery | Lopushna Monastery | Lopushna Monastery.
Founded in the Middle Ages but built in its present appearance throughout the 1850s, the Lopushna Monastery, and particularly its complex main church, are one of the most notable works of the Slavine Architectural School and its most prominent figure, Lilo Lazarov. It was in the construction of the monastery cathedral that Lazarov first employed vernacular Gothic decorative features, a trademark approach of the Slavine School that set it apart from other architectural schools of the Bulgarian National Revival. |
27320992_0_2 | 27320992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopushna%20Monastery | Lopushna Monastery | Lopushna Monastery. Geography and history
The Lopushna Monastery is situated in the valley of the Dalgodelska Ogosta river, in the vicinity of the village of Georgi Damyanovo, formerly known as Lopushna. It lies at around above sea level and can be reached through the Petrohan Pass from the capital Sofia, which is to the south. |
27320992_0_3 | 27320992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopushna%20Monastery | Lopushna Monastery | Lopushna Monastery.
The original monastery was probably established during the Second Bulgarian Empire (12th–14th centuries). The monastery had to endure torching and plundering raids in the 14th–18th centuries, the period of the early Ottoman rule of Bulgaria. In the following decades, the support of the nearby Chiprovtsi Monastery meant that the Lopushna Monastery consolidated financially. In the 1840s, Archimandrite Dionysius and the hieromonks Gerasimus and Gideon of the Chiprovtsi Monastery joined the Lopushna Monastery, Dionysius as its hegumen (abbot). Having collected funds, the clerics sought to reconstruct the ill-maintained monastery buildings. |
27320992_0_4 | 27320992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopushna%20Monastery | Lopushna Monastery | Lopushna Monastery.
During the Bulgarian National Revival (18th–19th centuries), the Lopushna Monastery housed a religious school and was a haven for Bulgarian freedom fighters and supporters of the struggle for an autonomous Bulgarian Exarchate. National writer Ivan Vazov spent some time at the monastery and wrote part of his most famous work, the novel Under the Yoke (1888), there. The monastery was reconstructed in 1989 due to structure-threatening damage to the north residential wing. |
27320992_1_0 | 27320992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopushna%20Monastery | Lopushna Monastery | Lopushna Monastery. Construction and style
The present facilities of the monastery, a monument of culture of national importance, were mostly constructed in 1850–1853 by Lilo (Ilia) Lazarov, a Bulgarian architect from Slavine. The current yard gate, stone fence and north and south residential wing were all built in 1850–1853. Some finishing touches were being applied to the church up until 1856, when the pavilion drinking fountain was built as well, and the ossuary was added in 1860. |
27320992_1_1 | 27320992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopushna%20Monastery | Lopushna Monastery | Lopushna Monastery. Architecture
The monastery cathedral, the Church of Saint John the Baptist, is regarded as the finest and most complex example of church architecture of the Slavine Architectural School established by Lazarov. The architectural approach of the Slavine School, one of 44 such informal schools of the Bulgarian National Revival, is unique with its implementation of Gothic decorative features. Projects by the Slavine School prominently include geometric decorations based on the triangle on apses, domes and external narthexes, as well as sharp-pointed window and door arches. Another discerning feature of the school is the exterior stone relief decoration, in which rosette ornaments play an important part. |
27320992_1_2 | 27320992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopushna%20Monastery | Lopushna Monastery | Lopushna Monastery. Architecture
Inspiration for the church was the cathedral of the Rila Monastery, the most important monastery in the Bulgarian lands. Lazarov twice visited the Rila Monastery to observe the church's architecture. Before commencing the construction of the Lopushna Monastery church, he made a hazel model of his project in order to receive the approval of the monks and the hegumen. Only two other churches in Bulgaria bear a resemblance to that design: the main church of the Rila Monastery and that of the Etropole Monastery. However, while the Lopushna Monastery church takes inspiration from the Rila Monastery for its plan, it is radically different in decoration and appearance from that of the Rila Monastery. Instead of following the Byzantine Revival and partially Baroque Revival style of the Rila Monastery, the Lopushna Monastery church's architecture displays Gothic Revival features, which were entirely innovative for Bulgarian vernacular architecture at the time. The decoration of windows, cornices, plinths and particularly doors, as well as until 1923 of the porch, is dominated by sharp-pointed shapes and broken lines. |
27320992_2_0 | 27320992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopushna%20Monastery | Lopushna Monastery | Lopushna Monastery. Church design and decoration
The church was constructed between 1850 and 1853. In terms of design, it features three semi-domes and an elongated cella. Single-nave domed chapels (each dedicated to Saints Cosmas and Damian and Saint John the Baptist) are attached to each side of the church, with three additional domes topping the cella's middle nave. At the entrance, the three parts of the church form a U-shaped external narthex. In total, there are five octahedral domes and six doors. Two enter the narthex, two serve the side chapels and a single door is intended for the priest to step into the diaconicon. The church's stone columns were the work of stonemasons from Elovitsa. |
27320992_2_1 | 27320992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopushna%20Monastery | Lopushna Monastery | Lopushna Monastery. Church design and decoration
The iconostases were carved by masters from Samokov; the main iconostasis was created by Stoycho Fandakov in 1863, and he was probably the author of the side chapels' templa. Eight of the icons in the church and some of those in the side chapels were the work of Samokov iconographer Nikolay Dospevski, while other icons in the chapels were painted by his older brother Stanislav Dospevski, who also did the portrait of the hegumen Dionysius. |
27320992_2_2 | 27320992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopushna%20Monastery | Lopushna Monastery | Lopushna Monastery. Church design and decoration
The Lopushna Monastery is also notable for its exterior relief decoration. The cathedral's eastern side apses are adorned by the stone portraits of the moustached architect Lazarov (surrounded by a Christian cross and a cross rosette, symbols which call for God's protection of the experienced master) and his chief assistant, possibly Georgi Yovanov from Rosomach (flanked by floral rosettes, a symbol of youth and future blossoming). The windows are decorated with floral details and two-headed eagles. Images of protective characters like stone blocks with sword-wielding horsemen, reliefs of fire-belching dragons, deer and lions can be found on the northern church facade and the yard gate. |
27320992_2_3 | 27320992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopushna%20Monastery | Lopushna Monastery | Lopushna Monastery. See also
Saint George's Church, Gavril Genovo
Vernacular adaptations of Gothic Revival |
27320992_3_0 | 27320992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopushna%20Monastery | Lopushna Monastery | Lopushna Monastery.
Religious buildings and structures completed in 1853
Bulgarian Orthodox monasteries
Christian monasteries in Bulgaria
Buildings and structures in Montana Province
Gothic Revival church buildings in Bulgaria |
27320998_0_0 | 27320998 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meade%20Layne | Meade Layne | Meade Layne.
Meade Layne (September 8, 1882May 12, 1961) was an American academic and early researcher of ufology and parapsychology, best known for proposing an early version of the interdimensional hypothesis to explain flying saucer sightings. |
27320998_0_1 | 27320998 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meade%20Layne | Meade Layne | Meade Layne. Early life
Layne was born in Viroqua, Wisconsin and raised in San Diego. Layne sold office supplies, worked as a real estate agent, managed an oil and gas company, and wrote poetry. He claimed to have earned a PhD in English literature. |
27320998_0_2 | 27320998 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meade%20Layne | Meade Layne | Meade Layne. Career
Layne was the founder and first director of Borderland Sciences Research Associates. Prior to his public work studying ufos, Layne was professor at the University of Southern California, and English department head at Illinois Wesleyan University and Florida Southern College. |
27320998_0_3 | 27320998 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meade%20Layne | Meade Layne | Meade Layne. "Etheria"
Layne speculated that, rather than representing advanced military or extraterrestrial technology, flying saucers were piloted by beings from a parallel dimension, which he called Etheria, and their "ether ships" were usually invisible but could be seen when their atomic motion became slow enough. He further claimed that Etherians could become stranded on the terrestrial plane when their ether ships malfunctioned, and that various governments were aware of these incidents and had investigated them. |
27320998_0_4 | 27320998 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meade%20Layne | Meade Layne | Meade Layne.
Furthermore, Layne argued that Etherians and their ether ships inspired much of earth's mythology and religion, but that they were truly mortal beings despite having a high level of technological and spiritual advancement. He claimed that their motive in coming to the terrestrial plane of existence was to reveal their accumulated wisdom to humanity. These revelations would be relayed through individuals with sufficiently developed psychic abilities, allowing them to contact the Etherians and communicate with them directly; in particular, he relied extensively on the mediumship of Mark Probert as confirmation of his theories. |
27320998_1_0 | 27320998 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meade%20Layne | Meade Layne | Meade Layne. Bibliography
Layne, Meade, The Ether Ship Mystery And Its Solution, San Diego, Calif., 1950.
Layne, Meade, The Coming of The Guardians, San Diego, Calif., 1954. |
27320999_0_0 | 27320999 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20indoor%20arenas%20in%20Africa | List of indoor arenas in Africa | List of indoor arenas in Africa.
This is a list of indoor arenas in Africa with seating capacities of at least of 2,000. |
27320999_1_0 | 27320999 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20indoor%20arenas%20in%20Africa | List of indoor arenas in Africa | List of indoor arenas in Africa. See also
List of stadiums by capacity
List of football (soccer) stadiums by capacity
List of indoor arenas by capacity
List of indoor arenas in Europe |
27321002_0_0 | 27321002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitali%20Abramov | Vitali Abramov | Vitali Abramov. Vitali Abramov may refer to:
Vitaliy Abramov (born 1974), Kazakhstani footballer
Vitalii Abramov (born 1998), Russian ice hockey player |
27321026_0_0 | 27321026 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ctenophthalmus%20pseudagyrtes | Ctenophthalmus pseudagyrtes | Ctenophthalmus pseudagyrtes.
Ctenophthalmus pseudagyrtes is a species of fleas in the family Hystrichopsyllidae. It is widespread in North America, east of the Rocky Mountains, and is found mainly on small mammals. In Missouri, it has been recorded on the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana), northern short-tailed shrew (Blarina brevicauda), eastern mole (Scalopus aquaticus), raccoon (Procyon lotor), eastern chipmunk (Tamias striatus), Florida woodrat (Neotoma floridana), prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster), woodland vole (Microtus pinetorum), white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus), including nests, marsh rice rat (Oryzomys palustris), hispid cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus), house mouse (Mus musculus), and brown rat (Rattus norvegicus). Hosts recorded in Tennessee include the Virginia opossum, northern short-tailed shrew, eastern mole, eastern chipmunk, southern red-backed vole (Myodes gapperi), rock vole (Microtus chrotorrhinus), woodland vole, white-footed mouse, golden mouse (Ochrotomys nuttalli), hispid cotton rat, marsh rice rat, and house mouse. |
27321038_0_0 | 27321038 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragneto | Fragneto | Fragneto.
Fragneto may refer to 2 Italian municipalities of the Province of Benevento: |
27321050_0_0 | 27321050 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spomen%20plo%C4%8Da | Spomen ploča | Spomen ploča.
Spomen Ploča (officially known as Spomen Ploča 2002-2009) is a "Best Of" album of Bosnian rapper Edo Maajka - it was released in June 2010. |
27321050_0_1 | 27321050 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spomen%20plo%C4%8Da | Spomen ploča | Spomen ploča.
The contains 3 songs from each of his previous four albums and 2 never released songs (Fotelja and Tata Mama) from songs from what was supposed to be his Trnokop album. |
27321061_0_0 | 27321061 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werinipre%20Seibarugo | Werinipre Seibarugo | Werinipre Seibarugo.
Werinipre Seibarugo is a People's Democratic Party politician who was appointed acting Governor of Bayelsa State in southern Nigeria from 16 April 2008 to 27 May 2008. |
27321061_0_1 | 27321061 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werinipre%20Seibarugo | Werinipre Seibarugo | Werinipre Seibarugo.
Seibarugo took office after the election of governor Timipre Sylva was annulled on the basis that the Independent National Electoral Commission had failed to file a summary of results from polling units, and that the election had therefore never taken place.
As speaker of the Bayelsa State House of Assembly, Seibarugo was sworn in as governor on 16 April 2008, with a new election to be held within three months.
The election took place on 24 May 2008.
Sylva was elected with an overwhelmingly majority and was sworn in again on 27 May 2008. |
27321076_0_0 | 27321076 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland%20Orchestra%20discography | Cleveland Orchestra discography | Cleveland Orchestra discography.
The Cleveland Orchestra, which was founded in 1918, was first recorded in 1924. Most of the orchestra's recordings have been made either in its concert home, Severance Hall, or in nearby Masonic Auditorium. |
27321076_0_1 | 27321076 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland%20Orchestra%20discography | Cleveland Orchestra discography | Cleveland Orchestra discography. Record labels
The Cleveland Orchestra's first recording, of Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture, was made for the Brunswick label with its first music director, Nikolai Sokoloff. |
27321076_0_2 | 27321076 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland%20Orchestra%20discography | Cleveland Orchestra discography | Cleveland Orchestra discography.
The Cleveland Orchestra began a long-running association with the Columbia Masterworks label under conductor Artur Rodziński. Successors Erich Leinsdorf, George Szell, and Lorin Maazel all recorded for Columbia, with some early Szell records being assigned to Columbia's budget sub-label, Epic. Szell's recordings with Cleveland in particular have remained steadily in print. In the 1990s the Columbia catalogue was acquired by Sony Classics, which continues to issue the recordings. |
27321076_0_3 | 27321076 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland%20Orchestra%20discography | Cleveland Orchestra discography | Cleveland Orchestra discography.
The Cleveland Orchestra was one of the first to find new audiences via digital recording technology thanks to its collaboration with the locally-based audiophile label Telarc. This association, as well as one with Decca, began under Maazel and continued under his successor Christoph von Dohnányi. The orchestra's cycle of the complete Beethoven symphonies with Dohnányi was one of the first digitally recorded cycles by a major orchestra. The orchestra has also been recorded with a number of guest conductors, including Vladimir Ashkenazy, Riccardo Chailly and Pierre Boulez, who was musical advisor to the orchestra from 1970–1972. |
27321076_0_4 | 27321076 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland%20Orchestra%20discography | Cleveland Orchestra discography | Cleveland Orchestra discography.
The pace of the orchestra's recording activity slowed in the late 1990s when market demand dropped for new CDs. A project to record Wagner's complete Ring cycle with Dohnányi for Decca was left unfinished. Despite the many changes facing commercial record labels at the turn of the century, the orchestra continues to be featured in new releases. In 2007 the orchestra recorded Beethoven's Ninth Symphony under Franz Welser-Möst for Deutsche Grammophon. Pianist Mitsuko Uchida has begun a series of Mozart piano concertos with the orchestra for the Decca label. |
27321076_0_5 | 27321076 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland%20Orchestra%20discography | Cleveland Orchestra discography | Cleveland Orchestra discography. Premiere recordings
The Cleveland Orchestra has long been known for performing newer music. Some notable world premiere recordings include: |