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https://hq2006.bnl.gov/abstracts/JanaBielcikova.html
|
## What can we learn from high-$p_T$ azimuthal correlations of neutral strange baryons and mesons at RHIC energy ?
### Jana Bielcikova
Azimuthal correlations of particles with large transverse momentum ($p_T$) are commonly used to study jet related processes in high energy heavy-ion collisions. Identified two-particle correlations are expected to provide additional information on jet quenching, the baryon-meson puzzle and particle production mechanisms at RHIC energies. We present studies of correlations of neutral strange baryons ($\Lambda$,$\bar{\Lambda}$) and mesons (K$_S0$) for $p_T$=2-6 GeV/$c$ associated with non-identified charged particles in d+Au and Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$~=~200~GeV measured by the STAR experiment. We investigate in detail possible flavor, baryon/meson and particle/antiparticle differences by studying the associated yield of charged particles as a function centrality of the collision, transverse momentum of trigger and associated particles as well as the fragmentation variable $z_T$. We compare our results to the proton and pion triggered correlations as well as to fragmentation and recombination models.
| 2018-12-10T11:41:58 |
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|
https://csrc.nist.gov/events/2016/ssr-2016-security-standardisation-research
|
# SSR 2016: Security Standardisation Research
Over the last two decades a very wide range of standards have been developed covering a wide range of aspects of cyber security. These documents have been published by national and international formal standardisation bodies, as well as by industry consortia. Many of these standards have become very widely used - to take just one example, the ISO/IEC 27000 series of standards has become the internationally adopted basis for managing corporate information security.Despite their wide use, there will always be a need to revise existing security standards and to add new standards to cover new domains. The purpose of this conference is to discuss the many research problems deriving from studies of existing standards, the development of revisions to existing standards, and the exploration of completely new areas of standardisation. Indeed, many security standards bodies are only beginning to address the issue of transparency, so that the process of selecting security techniques for standardisation can be seen to be as scientific and unbiased as possible.
This conference is intended to cover the full spectrum of research on security standardisation, including, but not restricted to, work on cryptographic techniques (including ANSI, IEEE, IETF, ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27, ITU-T and NIST), security management, security evaluation criteria, network security, privacy and identity management, smart cards and RFID tags, biometrics, security modules, and industry-specific security standards (e.g. those produced by the payments, telecommunications and computing industries for such things as payment protocols, mobile telephony and trusted computing).
As was the case for the proceedings of SSR 2014 and SSR 2015, the proceedings of SSR 2016 will be published by Springer in the Lecture Notes in Computer Science series.
##### Program Presentations (zip file) Call for Papers
Deadline for submissions: Monday, 30 May 2016 - Monday, 13 June 2016 (23:59 Hawaii) - FIRM
Notifications to authors: Monday, 8 August 8 2016
Camera ready due: Monday, 19 September 2016
Last Day to Reserve Room @ Group Rate: 14 November 2016
Last Day to Register for Conference: 28 November 2016
Opening of conference: Monday, 5 December 20
Security Analysis of the W3C Web Cryptography API
Kelsey Cairns, Harry Halpin and Graham Steel
Algorithm Agility - Discussion on TPM 2.0 ECC Functionalities
Liqun Chen and Rainer Urian
Extending the UML Standards to Model Tree-Structured Data and
their Access Control Requirements
Alberto De La Rosa Algarin and Steven Demurjian
Cross-Tool Semantics for Protocol Security Goals
Joshua Guttman, John Ramsdell and Paul Rowe
A Secure Multicast Group Management and Key Distribution in IEEE
802.21
Yoshikazu Hanatani, Naoki Ogura, Yoshihiro Ohba, Lily Chen and Subir Das
Analysis of a Proposed Hash-Based Signature Standard
Jonathan Katz
State Management for Hash-Based Signatures
David McGrew, Panos Kampanakis, Scott Fluhrer, Stefan-Lukas Gazdag, Denis Butin and Johannes Buchmann
NFC Payment Spy: A Privacy Attack on Contactless Payments
Maryam Mehrnezhad, Mohammed Aamir Ali, Feng Hao and Aad van Moorsel
Attribute-based Access Control Architectures with the eIDAS Protocols
Frank Morgner, Paul Bastian and Marc Fischlin
Reactive and Proactive Standardisation of TLS
Kenneth Paterson and Thyla van der Merwe
Cryptanalysis of GlobalPlatform Secure Channel Protocols
Mohamed Sabt and Jacques Traore
Analyzing and Fixing the QACCE security of QUIC
Hideki Sakurada, Kazuki Yoneyama, Yoshikazu Hanatani and Maki Yoshida
John Kelsey, Cryptographer, NIST
John Kelsey is a cryptographer at NIST. His interests include random number generation, design and analysis of hash functions and block ciphers, electronic voting security, and practical applications of cryptography to solve real-world problems. John has been working in cryptography for over 20 years. He has worked on standards for logging, electronic voting, random number generation, and cryptographic hashing.
William Whyte, Chief Scientist, Security Innovation
William Whyte is responsible for the strategy and research behind the Security Innovation's activities in vehicular communications, security and cryptographic research.
Before joining Security Innovation, William was the Chief Technology Officer of NTRU Cryptosystems. He previously served as Senior Cryptographer with Baltimore Technologies in Dublin, Ireland.
William is chair of the IEEE 1363 Working Group for new standards in public key cryptography and has served as technical editor of two published IEEE standards, IEEE Std 1363.1-2008 and IEEE Std 1609.2-2006, as well as the ASC X9 standard X9.98.
William holds a PhD from Oxford University on Statistical Mechanics of Neural Networks and a B.A. from Trinity College.
Fun Fact: William's spends a lot of time at his local rink, watching his daughter play hockey - 5 nights a week to be exact! Hockey has made such a big impact on both of them that William has begun writing and illustrating stories all set in the world of girl's hockey.
#### Event Details
Starts: December 05, 2016 - 12:00 AM EST
Ends: December 06, 2016 - 12:00 AM EST
Format: In-person Type: Conference
Attendance Type: Open to public
NIST
Gaithersburg, MD
| 2020-07-09T21:21:09 |
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|
https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10184317-bolometric-quasar-luminosity-function
|
The bolometric quasar luminosity function at z = 0–7
ABSTRACT In this paper, we provide updated constraints on the bolometric quasar luminosity function (QLF) from z = 0 to z = 7. The constraints are based on an observational compilation that includes observations in the rest-frame IR, B band, UV, soft, and hard X-ray in past decades. Our method follows Hopkins et al. with an updated quasar SED model and bolometric and extinction corrections. The new best-fitting bolometric quasar luminosity function behaves qualitatively different from the old Hopkins model at high redshift. Compared with the old model, the number density normalization decreases towards higher redshift and the bright-end slope is steeper at z ≳ 2. Due to the paucity of measurements at the faint end, the faint end slope at z ≳ 5 is quite uncertain. We present two models, one featuring a progressively steeper faint-end slope at higher redshift and the other featuring a shallow faint-end slope at z ≳ 5. Further multiband observations of the faint-end QLF are needed to distinguish between these models. The evolutionary pattern of the bolometric QLF can be interpreted as an early phase likely dominated by the hierarchical assembly of structures and a late phase likely dominated by the quenching of galaxies. We explore the implications of this more »
Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ;
Award ID(s):
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10184317
Journal Name:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume:
495
Issue:
3
Page Range or eLocation-ID:
3252 to 3275
ISSN:
0035-8711
4. ABSTRACT The James Webb Space Telescope will have the power to characterize high-redshift quasars at z ≥ 6 with an unprecedented depth and spatial resolution. While the brightest quasars at such redshift (i.e. with bolometric luminosity $L_{\rm bol}\geqslant 10^{46}\, \rm erg/s$) provide us with key information on the most extreme objects in the Universe, measuring the black hole (BH) mass and Eddington ratios of fainter quasars with $L_{\rm bol}= 10^{45}-10^{46}\, \rm erg\,s^{ -1}$ opens a path to understand the build-up of more normal BHs at z ≥ 6. In this paper, we show that the Illustris, TNG100, TNG300, Horizon-AGN, EAGLE,more »
| 2022-06-28T19:11:07 |
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|
http://dlmf.nist.gov/1.13
|
# §1.13 Differential Equations
## §1.13(i) Existence of Solutions
A domain in the complex plane is simply-connected if it has no “holes”; more precisely, if its complement in the extended plane is connected.
The equation
where , a simply-connected domain, and , are analytic in , has an infinite number of analytic solutions in . A solution becomes unique, for example, when and are prescribed at a point in .
### ¶ Fundamental Pair
Two solutions and are called a fundamental pair if any other solution is expressible as
1.13.2
where and are constants. A fundamental pair can be obtained, for example, by taking any and requiring that
1.13.3
### ¶ Wronskian
The Wronskian of and is defined by
1.13.4
Then
where is independent of . If , then the Wronskian is constant.
The following three statements are equivalent: and comprise a fundamental pair in ; does not vanish in ; and are linearly independent, that is, the only constants and such that
are .
## §1.13(ii) Equations with a Parameter
Assume that in the equation
and belong to domains and respectively, the coefficients and are continuous functions of both variables, and for each fixed (fixed ) the two functions are analytic in (in ). Suppose also that at (a fixed) , and are analytic functions of . Then at each , , and are analytic functions of .
## §1.13(iii) Inhomogeneous Equations
The inhomogeneous (or nonhomogeneous) equation
with , , and analytic in has infinitely many analytic solutions in . If is any one solution, and , are a fundamental pair of solutions of the corresponding homogeneous equation (1.13.1), then every solution of (1.13.8) can be expressed as
1.13.9
where and are constants.
### ¶ Variation of Parameters
With the notation of (1.13.8) and (1.13.9)
1.13.10
## §1.13(iv) Change of Variables
### ¶ Transformation of the Point at Infinity
The substitution in (1.13.1) gives
where
1.13.12
### ¶ Elimination of First Derivative by Change of Dependent Variable
The substitution
in (1.13.1) gives
where
1.13.15
### ¶ Liouville Transformation
Let satisfy (1.13.14), be any thrice-differentiable function of , and
Then
Here dots denote differentiations with respect to , and is the Schwarzian derivative:
1.13.20
## §1.13(v) Products of Solutions
The product of any two solutions of (1.13.1) satisfies
If and are respectively solutions of
then is a solution of
For extensions of these results to linear homogeneous differential equations of arbitrary order see Spigler (1984).
## §1.13(vi) Singularities
For classification of singularities of (1.13.1) and expansions of solutions in the neighborhoods of singularities, see §2.7.
## §1.13(vii) Closed-Form Solutions
For an extensive collection of solutions of differential equations of the first, second, and higher orders see Kamke (1977).
| 2013-05-19T17:53:38 |
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|
https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10079013-acoustic-phonon-lifetimes-limit-thermal-transport-methylammonium-lead-iodide
|
Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have become an important class of semiconductors for solar cells and other optoelectronic applications. Electron–phonon coupling plays a critical role in all optoelectronic devices, and although the lattice dynamics and phonon frequencies of HOIPs have been well studied, little attention has been given to phonon lifetimes. We report high-precision momentum-resolved measurements of acoustic phonon lifetimes in the hybrid perovskite methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI), using inelastic neutron spectroscopy to provide high-energy resolution and fully deuterated single crystals to reduce incoherent scattering from hydrogen. Our measurements reveal extremely short lifetimes on the order of picoseconds, corresponding to nanometer mean free paths and demonstrating that acoustic phonons are unable to dissipate heat efficiently. Lattice-dynamics calculations using ab initio third-order perturbation theory indicate that the short lifetimes stem from strong three-phonon interactions and a high density of low-energy optical phonon modes related to the degrees of freedom of the organic cation. Such short lifetimes have significant implications for electron–phonon coupling in MAPI and other HOIPs, with direct impacts on optoelectronic devices both in the cooling of hot carriers and in the transport and recombination of band edge carriers. These findings illustrate a fundamental difference between HOIPs and conventional photovoltaic semiconductors more »
Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10079013
Journal Name:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Volume:
115
Issue:
47
Page Range or eLocation-ID:
p. 11905-11910
ISSN:
0027-8424
Publisher:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
4. Traveling-wave optomechanical interactions, known as Brillouin interactions, have now been established as a powerful and versatile resource for photonic sources, sensors, and radio-frequency processors. However, established Brillouin-based interactions with sufficient interaction strengths involve short phonon lifetimes, which critically limit their performance for applications, including radio-frequency filtering and optomechanical storage devices. Here, we investigate a new paradigm of optomechanical interactions with tightly confined fundamental acoustic modes, which enables the unique and desirable combination of high optomechanical coupling, long phonon lifetimes, tunable phonon frequencies, and single-sideband amplification. Using sensitive four-wave mixing spectroscopy controlling for noise and spatial mode coupling, optomechanical interactions with long$><#comment/>2µ<#comment/>s$phonon lifetimes and strong$><#comment/>400W−<#comment/>1m−<#comment/>1$coupling are observed in a tapered fiber. In addition, we demonstrate novel phonon self-interference effects resulting from the unique combination of an axially varying device geometry with long phonon lifetimes. A generalized theoretical model, in excellent agreement with experiments, is developed with broad applicability to inhomogeneous optomechanical systems.
| 2023-02-07T12:20:50 |
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|
https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai%3Arockafellar.ralph-tyrrell
|
# zbMATH — the first resource for mathematics
## Rockafellar, Ralph Tyrrell
Compute Distance To:
Author ID: rockafellar.ralph-tyrrell Published as: Rockafellar, R.; Rockafellar, R. T.; Rockafellar, R. Terry; Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Rockafellar, Ralph Tyrrell; Rockafellar, Terry; Rockafellar, Tyrrell; Rockafellar, Tyrrell R. Homepage: https://sites.math.washington.edu/~rtr/mypage.html External Links: MGP · Wikidata · GND
Documents Indexed: 230 Publications since 1964, including 13 Books Biographic References: 4 Publications
all top 5
#### Co-Authors
124 single-authored 27 Wets, Roger Jean-Baptiste 15 Dontchev, Asen L. 11 Poliquin, René A. 5 Jofré, Alejandro 5 Levy, Adam B. 5 Uryasev, Stan 4 Loewen, Philip D. 4 Royset, Johannes O. 3 Goebel, Rafal 3 King, Alan J. 3 Lau, Anthony To-Ming 3 Mordukhovich, Boris S. 3 Sun, Jie 3 Takahashi, Wataru 3 Tanaka, Tamaki 3 Théra, Michel A. 3 Zabarankin, Michael 2 Dermody, James Cuevas 2 Hoàng Xuân Phù 2 Huynh Van Ngai 2 Maisonneuve, Olivier 2 Patriksson, Michael 2 Wolenski, Peter R. 2 Xu, Hong-Kun 1 Alart, Pierre 1 Asplund, Edgar 1 Beer, Gerald Alan 1 Benavides, T. D. 1 Brøndsted, Arne 1 Chen, George H-G. 1 Eberhard, Andrew S. 1 Eve, R. A. 1 Gale, David 1 Ioffe, Alexander Davidovich 1 Kim, Do Sang 1 Klee, Victor LaRue 1 Krastanov, Mikhail Ivanov 1 Kripke, Bernard R. 1 Lewis, Adrian S. 1 Llorens-Fuster, Enrique 1 López Acedo, Genaro 1 Miranda, S. I. 1 Nghia, Tran T. A. 1 Pennanen, Teemu 1 Reddy, B. Dayanand 1 Sarabi, M. Ebrahim 1 Somlyódy, László 1 Spingarn, Jonathan E. 1 Thibault, Lionel 1 Tsyurmasto, Peter 1 Uryasev, Stanislav P. 1 Valadier, Michel 1 Veliov, Vladimir M. 1 Veremyev, Alexander 1 Nguyen Dong Yen 1 Zagrodny, Dariusz 1 Zhu, Ciyou
all top 5
#### Serials
13 SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization 12 Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 12 Mathematical Programming. Series A. Series B 10 SIAM Journal on Optimization 9 Mathematics of Operations Research 9 Pacific Journal of Mathematics 5 Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 5 Journal of Convex Analysis 5 Journal of Nonlinear and Convex Analysis 5 Nonlinear Analysis. Theory, Methods & Applications 4 Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications 4 Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 4 Set-Valued Analysis 4 Vietnam Journal of Mathematics 3 Canadian Journal of Mathematics 3 Mathematical Programming Study 3 Set-Valued and Variational Analysis 2 Stochastics 2 Control and Cybernetics 2 Duke Mathematical Journal 2 Journal of Economic Theory 2 Mathematical Programming 2 Mathematica Scandinavica 2 Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré. Analyse Non Linéaire 2 Annals of Operations Research 2 Mathematical Finance 2 Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 2 SIAM Journal on Control 1 Advances in Mathematics 1 Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 1 Journal of Mathematical Economics 1 Mathematische Annalen 1 The Mathematics Student 1 Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society 1 Michigan Mathematical Journal 1 Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society. Third Series 1 Quarterly of Applied Mathematics 1 Applied Stochastic Models and Data Analysis 1 Transportation Science 1 Journal of Global Optimization 1 European Journal of Operational Research 1 SIAM Review 1 Computational Optimization and Applications 1 Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations 1 Economic Theory 1 Finance and Stochastics 1 Computational Management Science 1 Journal of Mathematics and Mechanics 1 Journal of the Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics 1 CBMS-NSF Regional Conference Series in Applied Mathematics 1 Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften 1 Advances in Mechanics and Mathematics 1 Applied and Computational Mathematics 1 Matapli 1 Springer Monographs in Mathematics 1 Springer Series in Operations Research and Financial Engineering 1 Research and Education in Mathematics
all top 5
#### Fields
142 Operations research, mathematical programming (90-XX) 123 Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization (49-XX) 23 Real functions (26-XX) 23 Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences (91-XX) 19 Operator theory (47-XX) 17 Global analysis, analysis on manifolds (58-XX) 15 Systems theory; control (93-XX) 14 Numerical analysis (65-XX) 7 Functional analysis (46-XX) 7 Convex and discrete geometry (52-XX) 6 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 6 Measure and integration (28-XX) 6 General topology (54-XX) 3 History and biography (01-XX) 2 Ordinary differential equations (34-XX) 2 Dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-XX) 2 Approximations and expansions (41-XX) 2 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 2 Mechanics of deformable solids (74-XX) 1 Combinatorics (05-XX) 1 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 1 Statistics (62-XX) 1 Biology and other natural sciences (92-XX)
#### Citations contained in zbMATH
208 Publications have been cited 19,156 times in 12,549 Documents Cited by Year
Convex analysis. Zbl 0193.18401
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1970
Variational analysis. Zbl 0888.49001
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Wets, Roger J.-B.
1998
Monotone operators and the proximal point algorithm. Zbl 0358.90053
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1976
Conjugate convex functions in nonlinear programming. Zbl 0229.90020
Rockafellar, R. T.
1970
Convex analysis. Zbl 0932.90001
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1997
Convex functions, monotone operators and variational inequalities. Zbl 0202.14303
Rockafellar, R. T.
1970
On the maximality of sums of nonlinear monotone operators. Zbl 0222.47017
Rockafellar, R. T.
1970
Augmented Lagrangians and applications of the proximal point algorithm in convex programming. Zbl 0402.90076
Rockafellar, R. T.
1976
State constraints in convex control problems of Bolza. Zbl 0224.49003
Rockafellar, R. T.
1972
Conjugate duality and optimization. Zbl 0296.90036
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1974
On the maximal monotonicity of subdifferential mappings. Zbl 0199.47101
Rockafellar, R. T.
1970
Implicit functions and solution mappings. A view from variational analysis. Zbl 1178.26001
Dontchev, Asen L.; Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
2009
Scenarios and policy aggregation in optimization under uncertainty. Zbl 0729.90067
Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, Roger J.-B.
1991
Generalized directional derivatives and subgradients of nonconvex functions. Zbl 0447.49009
Rockafellar, R. T.
1980
Local differentiability of distance functions. Zbl 0960.49018
Poliquin, R. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.; Thibault, L.
2000
Characterization of the subdifferentials of convex functions. Zbl 0145.15901
Rockafellar, R. T.
1966
Integrals which are convex functionals. Zbl 0159.43804
Rockafellar, R. T.
1968
Network flows and monotropic optimization. Zbl 0596.90055
Rockafellar, R. T.
1984
Generalized deviations in risk analysis. Zbl 1150.90006
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Uryasev, Stan; Zabarankin, Michael
2006
The theory of subgradients and its applications to problems of optimization. Convex and nonconvex functions. Zbl 0462.90052
Rockafellar, R. T.
1981
Characterizations of strong regularity for variational inequalities over polyhedral convex sets. Zbl 0899.49004
Dontchev, A. L.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1996
Directionally Lipschitzian functions and subdifferential calculus. Zbl 0413.49015
Rockafellar, R. T.
1979
Integrals which are convex functionals. II. Zbl 0236.46031
Rockafellar, R. T.
1971
On the subdifferentiability of convex functions. Zbl 0141.11801
Brøndsted, Arne; Rockafellar, R. T.
1965
Augmented Lagrange multiplier functions and duality in nonconvex programming. Zbl 0257.90046
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1974
Convex functions and duality in optimization problems and dynamics. Zbl 0186.23901
Rockafellar, R. T.
1969
The multiplier method of Hestenes and Powell applied to convex programming. Zbl 0254.90045
Rockafellar, R. T.
1973
Clarke’s tangent cones and the boundaries of closed sets in $$\mathbb{R}^n$$. Zbl 0443.26010
Rockafellar, R. T.
1979
Integral functionals, normal integrands and measurable selections. Zbl 0374.49001
Rockafellar, Tyrrell
1976
Prox-regular functions in variational analysis. Zbl 0861.49015
Poliquin, R. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1996
Lagrange multipliers and optimality. Zbl 0779.49024
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1993
Lipschitzian properties of multifunctions. Zbl 0573.54011
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1985
Duality and stability in extremum problems involving convex functions. Zbl 0154.44902
Rockafellar, R. T.
1967
A dual approach to solving nonlinear programming problems by unconstrained optimization. Zbl 0279.90035
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1973
Implicit functions and solution mappings. A view from variational analysis. 2nd updated ed. Zbl 1337.26003
Dontchev, Asen L.; Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
2014
Regularity and conditioning of solution mappings in variational analysis. Zbl 1046.49021
Dontchev, A. L.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2004
Local boundedness of nonlinear, monotone operators. Zbl 0175.45002
Rockafellar, R. T.
1969
The radius of metric regularity. Zbl 1042.49026
Dontchev, A. L.; Lewis, A. S.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2003
First- and second-order epi-differentiability in nonlinear programming. Zbl 0655.49010
Rockafellar, R. T.
1988
Extension of Fenchel’s duality theorem for convex functions. Zbl 0138.09301
Rockafellar, R. T.
1966
Measurable dependence of convex sets and functions on parameters. Zbl 0202.33804
Rockafellar, R. T.
1969
Conjugate convex functions in optimal control and the calculus of variations. Zbl 0218.49004
Rockafellar, R. T.
1970
Proto-differentiability of set-valued mappings and its applications in optimization. Zbl 0674.90082
Rockafellar, R. T.
1989
Tilt stability of a local minimum. Zbl 0918.49016
Poliquin, R. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1998
Gradients of convex functions. Zbl 0181.41901
Asplund, E.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1969
Level sets and continuity of conjugate convex functions. Zbl 0145.15802
Rockafellar, R. T.
1966
Convergence rates in forward–backward splitting. Zbl 0876.49009
Chen, George H-G.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1997
Equivalent subgradient versions of Hamiltonian and Euler-Lagrange equations in variational analysis. Zbl 0878.49012
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1996
Saddle-points and convex analysis. Zbl 0242.90044
Rockafellar, Tyrrell
1971
Second-order optimality conditions in nonlinear programming obtained by way of epi-derivatives. Zbl 0698.90070
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1989
Saddle points of Hamiltonian systems in convex Lagrange problems having a nonzero discount rate. Zbl 0333.90007
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1976
Optimality conditions in portfolio analysis with general deviation measures. Zbl 1138.91474
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Uryasev, Stan; Zabarankin, Michael
2006
Proximal subgradients, marginal values, and augmented Lagrangians in nonconvex optimization. Zbl 0492.90073
Rockafellar, R. T.
1981
Second-order subdifferential calculus with applications to tilt stability in optimization. Zbl 1260.49022
Mordukhovich, B. S.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2012
Extensions of subgradient calculus with applications to optimization. Zbl 0593.49013
Rockafellar, R. T.
1985
Stability of locally optimal solutions. Zbl 0965.49018
Levy, A. B.; Poliquin, R. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2000
Existence theorems for general control problems of Bolza and Lagrange. Zbl 0319.49001
Rockafellar, Tyrrell R.
1975
Monotone processes of convex and concave type. Zbl 0189.19602
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1967
Convex integral functionals and duality. Zbl 0326.49008
Rockafellar, R. T.
1974
Asymptotic theory for solutions in statistical estimation and stochastic programming. Zbl 0798.90115
King, Alan J.; Rockafellar, Tyrrell
1993
Lagrange multipliers and subderivatives of optimal value functions in nonlinear programming. Zbl 0478.90060
Rockafellar, R. T.
1982
Robinson’s implicit function theorem and its extensions. Zbl 1172.49013
Dontchev, A. L.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2009
Existence and duality theorems for convex problems of Bolza. Zbl 0255.49007
Rockafellar, R. T.
1971
Sensitivity analysis for nonsmooth generalized equations. Zbl 0766.90075
King, Alan J.; Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1992
Convex analysis. (Vypuklyi analiz.) Übersetzung aus dem Englischen von A. D. Ioffe und V. M. Tihomirov. Zbl 0251.90035
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1973
A Lagrangian finite generation technique for solving linear-quadratic problems in stochastic programming. Zbl 0599.90090
Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, R. J.-B.
1986
Favorable classes of Lipschitz-continuous functions in subgradient optimization. Zbl 0511.26009
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1982
Optimal control of unbounded differential inclusions. Zbl 0823.49016
Loewen, Philip D.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1994
Maximal monotone relations and the second derivatives of nonsmooth functions. Zbl 0581.49009
Rockafellar, R. T.
1985
Directional differentiability of the optimal value function in a nonlinear programming problem. Zbl 0546.90088
Rockafellar, R. T.
1984
Saddle points of Hamiltonian systems in convex problems of Lagrange. Zbl 0248.49016
Rockafellar, R. T.
1973
Generalized linear-quadratic problems of deterministic and stochastic optimal control in discrete time. Zbl 0714.49036
Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, R. J.-B.
1990
A derivative-coderivative inclusion in second-order nonsmooth analysis. Zbl 0897.49014
Rockafellar, R. T.; Zagrodny, D.
1997
Variational inequalities and economic equilibrium. Zbl 1276.91070
Jofré, Alejandro; Rockafellar, R. Terry; Wets, Roger J.-B.
2007
Linear-quadratic programming and optimal control. Zbl 0617.49010
Rockafellar, R. T.
1987
Characterizations of full stability in constrained optimization. Zbl 1284.49032
Mordukhovich, B. S.; Rockafellar, R. T.; Sarabi, M. E.
2013
The optimal recourse problem in discrete time: $$L^1$$-multipliers for inequality constraints. Zbl 0397.90078
Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, R. J-B.
1978
Stochastic convex programming: Relatively complete recourse and induced feasibility. Zbl 0346.90058
Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, R. J.-B.
1976
Some convex programs whose duals are linearly constrained. Zbl 0252.90046
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1970
A general correspondence between dual minimax problems and convex programs. Zbl 0162.23103
Rockafellar, R. T.
1968
Generalized second derivatives of convex functions and saddle functions. Zbl 0712.49011
Rockafellar, R. T.
1990
Computational schemes for large-scale problems in extended linear- quadratic programming. Zbl 0735.90050
Rockafellar, R. T.
1990
Generalized Hamiltonian equations for convex problems of Lagrange. Zbl 0199.43002
Rockafellar, R. T.
1970
Convex integral functionals and duality. Zbl 0295.49006
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1971
Sensitivity analysis of solutions to generalized equations. Zbl 0815.47077
Levy, A. B.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1994
Stochastic variational inequalities: single-stage to multistage. Zbl 1378.49010
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Wets, Roger J-B
2017
Second derivatives in convex analysis. Zbl 1003.49017
Rockafellar, R. T.
1999
Conditional value-at-risk: optimization approach. Zbl 0989.91052
Uryasev, Stanislav; Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
2001
The Euler and Weierstrass conditions for nonsmooth variational problems. Zbl 0838.49015
Ioffe, A. D.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1996
On the interchange of subdifferentiation and conditional expectation for convex functionals. Zbl 0487.49006
Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, R. J. B.
1982
Stochastic convex programming: basic duality. Zbl 0339.90048
Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, R. J.-B.
1976
On the virtual convexity of the domain and range of a nonlinear maximal monotone operator. Zbl 0181.42202
Rockafellar, R. T.
1970
Full stability in finite-dimensional optimization. Zbl 1308.90126
Mordukhovich, B. S.; Nghia, T. T. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2015
Generalized Hessian properties of regularized nonsmooth functions. Zbl 0863.49010
Poliquin, R. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1996
An internal variable theory of elastoplasticity based on the maximum plastic work inequality. Zbl 0693.73008
Eve, R. A.; Reddy, B. D.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1990
La théorie des sous-gradients et ses applications à l’optimisation. Fonctions convexes et non convexes. Zbl 0421.90045
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1979
Nonanticipativity and $$\mathcal L^1$$-martingales in stochastic optimization problems. Zbl 0377.90073
Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, R. J.-B.
1976
Newton’s method for generalized equations: a sequential implicit function theorem. Zbl 1190.49024
Dontchev, A. L.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2010
Convex functions on convex polytopes. Zbl 0246.26009
Gale, David; Klee, Victor; Rockafellar, R. T.
1968
A characterization of epi-convergence in terms of convergence of level sets. Zbl 0769.49011
Beer, Gerald; Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, Roger J.-B.
1992
Solving Lagrangian variational inequalities with applications to stochastic programming. Zbl 1445.90069
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Sun, Jie
2020
Solving monotone stochastic variational inequalities and complementarity problems by progressive hedging. Zbl 1421.90100
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Sun, Jie
2019
Variational convexity and the local monotonicity of subgradient mappings. Zbl 1428.49021
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
2019
Progressive decoupling of linkages in optimization and variational inequalities with elicitable convexity or monotonicity. Zbl 07146007
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
2019
Superquantile/CVaR risk measures: second-order theory. Zbl 1391.91163
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Royset, Johannes O.
2018
Solving stochastic programming problems with risk measures by progressive hedging. Zbl 1416.90027
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
2018
Variational analysis of Nash equilibrium. Zbl 1407.91022
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
2018
Stochastic variational inequalities: single-stage to multistage. Zbl 1378.49010
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Wets, Roger J-B
2017
General economic equilibrium with financial markets and retainability. Zbl 1405.91742
Jofré, A.; Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, R. J-B.
2017
Full stability in finite-dimensional optimization. Zbl 1308.90126
Mordukhovich, B. S.; Nghia, T. T. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2015
Measures of residual risk with connections to regression, risk tracking, surrogate models, and ambiguity. Zbl 1316.91016
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Royset, Johannes O.
2015
Implicit functions and solution mappings. A view from variational analysis. 2nd updated ed. Zbl 1337.26003
Dontchev, Asen L.; Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
2014
Random variables, monotone relations, and convex analysis. Zbl 1330.60009
Rockafellar, R. T.; Royset, J. O.
2014
Superquantile regression with applications to buffered reliability, uncertainty quantification, and conditional value-at-risk. Zbl 1305.62175
Rockafellar, R. T.; Royset, J. O.; Miranda, S. I.
2014
Convex analysis and financial equilibrium. Zbl 1309.91086
Jofré, A.; Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, R. J.-B.
2014
Characterizations of full stability in constrained optimization. Zbl 1284.49032
Mordukhovich, B. S.; Rockafellar, R. T.; Sarabi, M. E.
2013
Convergence of inexact Newton methods for generalized equations. Zbl 1272.49047
Dontchev, A. L.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2013
An Euler-Newton continuation method for tracking solution trajectories of parametric variational inequalities. Zbl 1272.49012
Dontchev, A. L.; Krastanov, M. I.; Rockafellar, R. T.; Veliov, V. M.
2013
Second-order subdifferential calculus with applications to tilt stability in optimization. Zbl 1260.49022
Mordukhovich, B. S.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2012
Parametric stability of solutions in models of economic equilibrium. Zbl 1256.49021
Dontchev, Asen L.; Rockafellar, Ralph Tyrrell
2012
A time-embedded approach to economic equilibrium with incomplete financial markets. Zbl 1216.91041
Jofré, A.; Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, R. J.-B.
2011
Newton’s method for generalized equations: a sequential implicit function theorem. Zbl 1190.49024
Dontchev, A. L.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2010
A calculus of prox-regularity. Zbl 1194.49049
Poliquin, R. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2010
Implicit functions and solution mappings. A view from variational analysis. Zbl 1178.26001
Dontchev, Asen L.; Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
2009
Robinson’s implicit function theorem and its extensions. Zbl 1172.49013
Dontchev, A. L.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2009
Hamiltonian trajectories and saddle points in mathematical economics. Zbl 1235.91131
Rockafellar, R.
2009
Risk tuning with generalized linear regression. Zbl 1218.90158
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Uryasev, Stan; Zabarankin, Michael
2008
Local strong convexity and local Lipschitz continuity of the gradient of convex functions. Zbl 1149.26022
Goebel, Rafal; Rockafellar, Ralph Tyrrell
2008
Linear-convex control and duality. Zbl 1206.49036
Rockafellar, R. T.; Goebel, R.
2008
Variational inequalities and economic equilibrium. Zbl 1276.91070
Jofré, Alejandro; Rockafellar, R. Terry; Wets, Roger J.-B.
2007
Generalized deviations in risk analysis. Zbl 1150.90006
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Uryasev, Stan; Zabarankin, Michael
2006
Optimality conditions in portfolio analysis with general deviation measures. Zbl 1138.91474
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Uryasev, Stan; Zabarankin, Michael
2006
Nonsmooth mechanics and analysis. Theoretical and numerical advances. Zbl 1110.74006
Alart, P. (ed.); Maisonneuve, O. (ed.); Rockafellar, R. T. (ed.)
2006
A variational inequality scheme for determining an economic equilibrium of classical or extended type. Zbl 1113.49013
Jofre, A.; Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, R. J.-B.
2005
Regularity and conditioning of solution mappings in variational analysis. Zbl 1046.49021
Dontchev, A. L.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2004
Hamilton-Jacobi theory and parametric analysis in fully convex problems of optimal control. Zbl 1083.49022
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
2004
The radius of metric regularity. Zbl 1042.49026
Dontchev, A. L.; Lewis, A. S.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2003
A property of piecewise smooth functions. Zbl 1042.90045
Rockafellar, R. T.
2003
A mathematical model and descent algorithm for bilevel traffic management. Zbl 1134.90319
Patriksson, Michael; Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
2002
Generalized conjugacy in Hamilton-Jacobi theory for fully convex Lagrangians. Zbl 1023.49023
Goebel, Rafal; Rockafellar, R. T.
2002
Graphical convergence of sums of monotone mappings. Zbl 1010.47031
Pennanen, T.; Rockafellar, R. T.; Théra, M.
2002
Conditional value-at-risk: optimization approach. Zbl 0989.91052
Uryasev, Stanislav; Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
2001
Ample parameterization of variational inclusions. Zbl 1008.49009
Dontchev, A. L.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2001
Convex analysis in the calculus of variations. Zbl 1011.49013
Rockafellar, R. T.
2001
Primal-dual solution perturbations in convex optimization. Zbl 0984.90043
Dontchev, A. L.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2001
Local differentiability of distance functions. Zbl 0960.49018
Poliquin, R. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.; Thibault, L.
2000
Stability of locally optimal solutions. Zbl 0965.49018
Levy, A. B.; Poliquin, R. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.
2000
Convexity in Hamilton–Jacobi theory. I: Dynamics and duality. Zbl 0998.49018
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Wolenski, Peter R.
2000
Convexity in Hamilton–Jacobi theory. II: Envelope representations. Zbl 0998.49019
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Wolenski, Peter R.
2000
Second-order convex analysis. Zbl 0960.49017
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
2000
Extended nonlinear programming. Zbl 0986.90057
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
2000
Second derivatives in convex analysis. Zbl 1003.49017
Rockafellar, R. T.
1999
Duality and optimality in multistage stochastic programming. Zbl 0920.90113
Rockafellar, R. T.
1999
Variational analysis. Zbl 0888.49001
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell; Wets, Roger J.-B.
1998
Tilt stability of a local minimum. Zbl 0918.49016
Poliquin, R. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1998
Convex analysis. Zbl 0932.90001
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1997
Convergence rates in forward–backward splitting. Zbl 0876.49009
Chen, George H-G.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1997
A derivative-coderivative inclusion in second-order nonsmooth analysis. Zbl 0897.49014
Rockafellar, R. T.; Zagrodny, D.
1997
Bolza problems with general time constraints. Zbl 0904.49014
Loewen, P. D.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1997
Characterizations of Lipschitzian stability in nonlinear programming. Zbl 0891.90146
Dontchev, A. L.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1997
Characterizations of strong regularity for variational inequalities over polyhedral convex sets. Zbl 0899.49004
Dontchev, A. L.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1996
Prox-regular functions in variational analysis. Zbl 0861.49015
Poliquin, R. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1996
Equivalent subgradient versions of Hamiltonian and Euler-Lagrange equations in variational analysis. Zbl 0878.49012
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1996
The Euler and Weierstrass conditions for nonsmooth variational problems. Zbl 0838.49015
Ioffe, A. D.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1996
Generalized Hessian properties of regularized nonsmooth functions. Zbl 0863.49010
Poliquin, R. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1996
New necessary conditions for the generalized problem of Bolza. Zbl 0871.49023
Loewen, P. D.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1996
Variational conditions and the proto-differentiation of partial subgradient mappings. Zbl 0858.49014
Levy, A. B.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1996
Second-order nonsmooth analysis in nonlinear programming. Zbl 0939.90022
Poliquin, René; Rockafellar, Terry
1995
Tax basis and nonlinearity in cash stream valuation. Zbl 0866.90013
Dermody, Jaime Cuevas; Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1995
Sensitivity of solutions in nonlinear programming problems with nonunique multipliers. Zbl 0945.90066
Levy, A. B.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1995
Monotone relations and network equilibrium. Zbl 0847.49012
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1995
Optimal control of unbounded differential inclusions. Zbl 0823.49016
Loewen, Philip D.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1994
Sensitivity analysis of solutions to generalized equations. Zbl 0815.47077
Levy, A. B.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1994
Proto-derivative formulas for basic subgradient mappings in mathematical programming. Zbl 0813.49019
Poliquin, R. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1994
A finite simplex-active-set method for monotropic piecewise quadratic programming. Zbl 0828.90102
Rockafellar, R. T.; Sun, J.
1994
Lagrange multipliers and optimality. Zbl 0779.49024
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1993
Asymptotic theory for solutions in statistical estimation and stochastic programming. Zbl 0798.90115
King, Alan J.; Rockafellar, Tyrrell
1993
Zhu, Ciyou; Rockafellar, R. T.
1993
A calculus of epi-derivatives applicable to optimization. Zbl 0803.90113
Poliquin, R. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1993
Subgradients and variational analysis. Zbl 0889.49011
Rockafellar, R. T.
1993
Dualization of subgradient conditions for optimality. Zbl 0786.49012
Rockafellar, R. T.
1993
Sensitivity analysis for nonsmooth generalized equations. Zbl 0766.90075
King, Alan J.; Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1992
A characterization of epi-convergence in terms of convergence of level sets. Zbl 0769.49011
Beer, Gerald; Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, Roger J.-B.
1992
Amenable functions in optimization. Zbl 1050.49513
Poliquin, R. A.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1992
A dual strategy for the implementation of the aggregation principle in decision making under uncertainty. Zbl 0800.90002
Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, Roger J.-B.
1992
Cosmic convergence. Zbl 0793.49007
Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, R. J.-B.
1992
Scenarios and policy aggregation in optimization under uncertainty. Zbl 0729.90067
Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, Roger J.-B.
1991
The adjoint arc in nonsmooth optimization. Zbl 0734.49009
Loewen, Philip D.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1991
Cash stream valuation in the face of transaction costs and taxes. Zbl 0900.90110
Dermody, Jaime Cuevas; Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1991
Large-scale extended linear-quadratic programming and multistage optimization. Zbl 0743.90086
Rockafellar, R. T.
1991
On a special class of convex functions. Zbl 0795.49015
Rockafellar, R. T.
1991
Generalized linear-quadratic problems of deterministic and stochastic optimal control in discrete time. Zbl 0714.49036
Rockafellar, R. T.; Wets, R. J.-B.
1990
Generalized second derivatives of convex functions and saddle functions. Zbl 0712.49011
Rockafellar, R. T.
1990
Computational schemes for large-scale problems in extended linear- quadratic programming. Zbl 0735.90050
Rockafellar, R. T.
1990
An internal variable theory of elastoplasticity based on the maximum plastic work inequality. Zbl 0693.73008
Eve, R. A.; Reddy, B. D.; Rockafellar, R. T.
1990
Nonsmooth analysis and parametric optimization. Zbl 0723.49011
Rockafellar, R. T.
1990
Proto-differentiability of set-valued mappings and its applications in optimization. Zbl 0674.90082
Rockafellar, R. T.
1989
Second-order optimality conditions in nonlinear programming obtained by way of epi-derivatives. Zbl 0698.90070
Rockafellar, R. Tyrrell
1989
Hamiltonian trajectories and duality in the optimal control of linear systems with convex costs. Zbl 0682.49019
Rockafellar, R. T.
1989
Perturbation of generalized Kuhn-Tucker points in finite-dimensional optimization. Zbl 0735.90067
Rockafellar, R. T.
1989
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117 Yao, Jen-Chih 102 Mordukhovich, Boris S. 67 Rockafellar, Ralph Tyrrell 66 Penot, Jean-Paul 64 Zhang, Liwei 63 Yang, Xiaoqi 62 Ceng, Lu-Chuan 61 Borwein, Jonathan Michael 59 Bauschke, Heinz H. 59 Kumam, Poom 57 Boţ, Radu Ioan 56 López-Cerdá, Marco Antonio 53 Thibault, Lionel 50 Noor, Muhammad Aslam 50 Yuan, Xiaoming 47 Wang, Shawn Xianfu 46 Jeyakumar, Vaithilingam 44 Goberna, Miguel Angel 42 Outrata, Jiří V. 41 Martínez-Legaz, Juan-Enrique 41 Wets, Roger Jean-Baptiste 40 Flåm, Sjur Didrik 40 Iusem, Alfredo Noel 39 Papageorgiou, Nikolaos S. 38 Adly, Samir 38 Ioffe, Alexander Davidovich 37 Pham Dinh Tao 37 Seeger, Alberto 36 Théra, Michel A. 36 Nguyen Dong Yen 35 Cho, Yeol Je 34 Hantoute, Abderrahim 34 Sun, Jie 33 Lewis, Adrian S. 31 Attouch, Hedy 31 Chuong, Thai Doan 31 Le Thi, Hoai An 31 Reich, Simeon 31 Sun, Defeng 30 Kruger, Alexander Ya. 29 Dontchev, Asen L. 29 Qi, Liqun 29 Teboulle, Marc 29 Wen, Chingfeng 28 Benson, Harold P. 28 Escudero, Laureano Fernando 28 He, Bingsheng 28 Li, Guoyin 28 Pang, Liping 28 Shapiro, Alexander 28 Volle, Michel 27 Bertsekas, Dimitri Panteli 27 Clarke, Francis H. 27 Daniilidis, Aris 27 Fang, Shu-Cherng 27 Han, Deren 27 Lee, Gue Myung 27 Pang, Jong-Shi 27 Svaiter, Benar Fux 27 Zălinescu, Constantin 26 Burke, James V. 26 Chen, Xiaojun 26 Dinh The Luc 26 Ng, Kung-Fu 26 Toh, Kimchuan 26 Tseng, Paul 25 Cánovas, María Josefa 25 Dempe, Stephan 25 Frankowska, Hélène 25 Kurzhanskiĭ, Aleksandr Borisovich 25 Martínez, José Mario 25 Nam, Nguyen Mau 25 Panagiotopoulos, Panagiotis D. 25 Parra, Juan 25 Qin, Xiaolong 25 Shehu, Yekini 25 Zheng, Xiyin 24 Jefferson, Thomas R. 24 Mahmudov, Elimhan N. 24 Pennanen, Teemu 24 Scott, Carlton H. 24 Takahashi, Wataru 24 Wanka, Gert 24 Ye, Jane J. 23 Ansari, Qamrul Hasan 23 Csetnek, Ernö Robert 23 Durea, Marius 23 Henrion, René 23 Kim, Do Sang 23 Ruszczyński, Andrzej 23 Verma, Ram U. 22 Ben-Tal, Aharon 22 Huang, Nan-Jing 22 Moudafi, Abdellatif 22 Strodiot, Jean-Jacques 22 Vinter, Richard B. 22 Zhou, Jinchuan 21 Beer, Gerald Alan 21 Chen, Jein-Shan 21 Combettes, Patrick L. ...and 11,375 more Authors
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#### Wikidata Timeline
The data are displayed as stored in Wikidata under a Creative Commons CC0 License. Updates and corrections should be made in Wikidata.
| 2021-04-20T08:27:36 |
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|
https://pdglive.lbl.gov/DataBlock.action?node=S023LG&home=BXXX030
|
#### ${{\mathit \Xi}^{0}}$ DECAY PARAMETERS
See the Note on Baryon Decay Parameters'' in the neutron Listings.
#### $\alpha$ FOR ${{\mathit \Xi}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit \Lambda}}{{\mathit \gamma}}$
See the note above on Radiative Hyperon Decays.''
VALUE EVTS DOCUMENT ID TECN COMMENT
$-0.704$ $\pm0.019$ $\pm0.064$ 52k 1
2010 B
NA48 ${{\mathit p}}$ Be, 400 GeV
• • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • •
$-0.78$ $\pm0.18$ $\pm0.06$ 672
2004 A
NA48 See BATLEY 2010B
$-0.43$ $\pm0.44$ 87 2
1990
SPEC FNAL hyperons
1 BATLEY 2010B also measured the ${{\overline{\mathit \Xi}}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\overline{\mathit \Lambda}}}{{\mathit \gamma}}$ asymmetry to be $-0.798$ $\pm0.064$ (no systematic error given) with 4769 events.
2 The sign has been changed; see the erratum, JAMES 2002 .
References:
BATLEY 2010B
PL B693 241 New Precise Measurements of the ${{\mathit \Xi}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit \Lambda}}{{\mathit \gamma}}$ and ${{\mathit \Xi}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit \Sigma}^{0}}{{\mathit \gamma}}$ Decay Asymmetries
LAI 2004A
PL B584 251 Measurement of the ${{\mathit \Xi}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit \Lambda}}{{\mathit \gamma}}$ Decay Asymmetry and Branching Fraction
JAMES 1990
PRL 64 843 Branching Ratio and Asymmetry for ${{\mathit \Xi}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit \Lambda}}{{\mathit \gamma}}$
| 2023-01-31T03:02:53 |
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|
https://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/advanced-algebra/s08-02-simplifying-radical-expression.html
|
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Learning Objectives
1. Simplify radical expressions using the product and quotient rule for radicals.
An algebraic expression that contains radicals is called a radical expressionAn algebraic expression that contains radicals.. We use the product and quotient rules to simplify them.
Example 1
Simplify: $27x33.$
Solution:
Use the fact that $ann=a$ when n is odd.
$27x33=33⋅x33Apply the product rule for radicals.=333⋅x33Simplify.=3⋅x=3x$
Answer: $3x$
Example 2
Simplify: $16y44.$
Solution:
Use the fact that $ann=|a|$ when n is even.
$16y44=24y44Apply the product rule for radicals.=244⋅y44Simplify.=2⋅|y|=2|y|$
Since y is a variable, it may represent a negative number. Thus we need to ensure that the result is positive by including the absolute value.
Answer: $2|y|$
Important Note
Typically, at this point in algebra we note that all variables are assumed to be positive. If this is the case, then y in the previous example is positive and the absolute value operator is not needed. The example can be simplified as follows.
$16y44=24y44 =244⋅y44=2y$
In this section, we will assume that all variables are positive. This allows us to focus on calculating nth roots without the technicalities associated with the principal nth root problem. For this reason, we will use the following property for the rest of the section,
$ann=a, if a≥0 nth root$
When simplifying radical expressions, look for factors with powers that match the index.
Example 3
Simplify: $12x6y3.$
Solution:
Begin by determining the square factors of 12, $x6$, and $y3.$
$12=22⋅3x6=(x3)2 y3=y2⋅y } Square factors$
Make these substitutions, and then apply the product rule for radicals and simplify.
$12x6y3=22⋅3⋅(x3)2⋅y2⋅yApply the product rule for radicals.=22⋅(x3)2⋅y2⋅3ySimplify.=2 ⋅ x3 ⋅ y ⋅3y=2x3y3y$
Answer: $2x3y3y$
Example 4
Simplify: $18a5b8$.
Solution:
Begin by determining the square factors of 18, $a5$, and $b8.$
$18=2⋅32a5=a2⋅a2⋅a=(a2)2⋅a b8=b4⋅b4=(b4)2 } Square factors$
Make these substitutions, apply the product and quotient rules for radicals, and then simplify.
$18a5b8=2⋅32⋅(a2)2⋅a(b4)2Apply the product and quotient rule for radicals.=32⋅(a2)2⋅2a(b4)2Simplify.= 3a22ab4$
Answer: $3a22ab4$
Example 5
Simplify: $80x5y73.$
Solution:
Begin by determining the cubic factors of 80, $x5$, and $y7.$
$80=24⋅5=23⋅2⋅5x5=x3⋅x2y7=y6⋅y=(y2)3⋅y } Cubic factors$
Make these substitutions, and then apply the product rule for radicals and simplify.
$80x5y73=23⋅2⋅5⋅x3⋅x2⋅(y2)3⋅y3 =233⋅x33⋅(y2)33⋅2⋅5⋅x2⋅y3=2⋅xy2⋅10x2y3=2xy2 10x2y3$
Answer: $2xy210x2y3$
Example 6
Simplify $9x6y3z93$.
Solution:
The coefficient $9=32$, and thus does not have any perfect cube factors. It will be left as the only remaining radicand because all of the other factors are cubes, as illustrated below:
$x6=(x2)3y3=(y)3z9=(z3)3 } Cubic factors$
Replace the variables with these equivalents, apply the product and quotient rules for radicals, and then simplify.
$9x6y3z93=9⋅(x2)3y3⋅(z3)33=93⋅(x2)33y33⋅(z3)33=93⋅x2y⋅z3=x2 93yz3$
Answer: $x293yz3$
Example 7
Simplify: $81a4b54.$
Solution:
Determine all factors that can be written as perfect powers of 4. Here, it is important to see that $b5=b4⋅b.$ Hence the factor $b$ will be left inside the radical.
$81a4b54=34⋅a4⋅b4⋅b4=344⋅a44⋅b44⋅b4=3⋅a⋅b⋅b4=3abb4$
Answer: $3abb4$
Example 8
Simplify: $−32x3y6z55.$
Solution:
Notice that the variable factor x cannot be written as a power of 5 and thus will be left inside the radical. In addition, $y6=y5⋅y$; the factor y will be left inside the radical as well.
$−32x3y6z55=(−2)5⋅x3⋅y5⋅y⋅z55=(−2)55⋅y55⋅z55⋅x3⋅y5=−2⋅y⋅z⋅x3⋅y5=−2yzx3y5$
Answer: $−2yzx3y5$
Tip: To simplify finding an nth root, divide the powers by the index.
$a6=a3, which is a6÷2=a3b63=b2, which is b6÷3=b2c66=c , which is c6÷6=c1$
If the index does not divide into the power evenly, then we can use the quotient and remainder to simplify. For example,
$a5=a2⋅a, which is a5÷2=a2 r 1b53=b⋅b23, which is b5÷3=b1 r 2c145=c2⋅c45, which is c14÷5=c2 r 4$
The quotient is the exponent of the factor outside of the radical, and the remainder is the exponent of the factor left inside the radical.
Try this! Simplify: $162a7b5c43.$
Answer: $3a2bc6ab2c3$
Formulas often consist of radical expressions. For example, the period of a pendulum, or the time it takes a pendulum to swing from one side to the other and back, depends on its length according to the following formula.
$T=2πL32$
Here T represents the period in seconds and L represents the length in feet of the pendulum.
Example 9
If the length of a pendulum measures $112$ feet, then calculate the period rounded to the nearest tenth of a second.
Solution:
Substitute $112=32$ for L and then simplify.
$T=2πL32=2π3232=2π32⋅132Apply the quotient rule for radicals.=2π364Simplify.=2π38 =π34≈1.36$
Answer: The period is approximately 1.36 seconds.
Frequently you need to calculate the distance between two points in a plane. To do this, form a right triangle using the two points as vertices of the triangle and then apply the Pythagorean theorem. Recall that the Pythagorean theorem states that if given any right triangle with legs measuring a and b units, then the square of the measure of the hypotenuse c is equal to the sum of the squares of the legs: $a2+b2=c2.$ In other words, the hypotenuse of any right triangle is equal to the square root of the sum of the squares of its legs.
Example 10
Find the distance between (−5, 3) and (1, 1).
Solution:
Form a right triangle by drawing horizontal and vertical lines though the two points. This creates a right triangle as shown below:
The length of leg b is calculated by finding the distance between the x-values of the given points, and the length of leg a is calculated by finding the distance between the given y-values.
$a=3−1=2 unitsb=1−(−5)=1+5=6 units$
Next, use the Pythagorean theorem to find the length of the hypotenuse.
$c=22+62=4+36=40=4⋅10=210 units$
Answer: The distance between the two points is $210$ units.
Generalize this process to produce a formula that can be used to algebraically calculate the distance between any two given points.
Given two points, $( x1, y1)$ and $( x2, y2)$, the distance, d, between them is given by the distance formulaGiven two points $(x1, y1)$ and $(x2, y2)$, calculate the distance d between them using the formula $d=(x2−x1)2+(y2−y1)2.$, $d=(x2−x1)2+(y2−y1)2.$
Example 11
Calculate the distance between (−4, 7) and (2, 1).
Solution:
Use the distance formula with the following points.
$( x1, y1) ( x2, y2)(−4,7)(2, 1)$
It is a good practice to include the formula in its general form before substituting values for the variables; this improves readability and reduces the probability of making errors.
$d=(x2−x1)2+(y2−y1)2=(2−(−4))2+(1−7)2=(2+4)2+(1−7)2=(6)2+(−6)2=36+36=72=36⋅2=62$
Answer: The distance between the two points is $62$ units.
Example 12
Do the three points (2, −1), (3, 2), and (8, −3) form a right triangle?
Solution:
The Pythagorean theorem states that having side lengths that satisfy the property $a2+b2=c2$ is a necessary and sufficient condition of right triangles. In other words, if you can show that the sum of the squares of the leg lengths of the triangle is equal to the square of the length of the hypotenuse, then the triangle must be a right triangle. First, calculate the length of each side using the distance formula.
Geometry
Calculation
Points: (2, −1) and (8, −3)
$a=(8−2)2+[−3−(−1)]2=(6)2+(−3+1)2=36+(−2)2=36+4=40=210$
Points: (2, −1) and (3, 2)
$b=(3−2)2+[2−(−1)]2=(1)2+(2+1)2=1+(3)2=1+9=10$
Points: (3, 2) and (8, −3)
$c=(8−3)2+(−3−2)2=(5)2+(−5)2=25+25=50=52$
Now we check to see if $a2+b2=c2.$
$a2+b2=c2(210)2+(10)2=(52)24(10)2+(10)2=25(2)24⋅10+10=25⋅250=50 ✓$
Answer: Yes, the three points form a right triangle.
Try this! The speed of a vehicle before the brakes were applied can be estimated by the length of the skid marks left on the road. On wet concrete, the speed v in miles per hour can be estimated by the formula $v=23d$, where d represents the length of the skid marks in feet. Estimate the speed of a vehicle before applying the brakes if the skid marks left behind measure 27 feet. Round to the nearest mile per hour.
Key Takeaways
• To simplify a radical expression, look for factors of the radicand with powers that match the index. If found, they can be simplified by applying the product and quotient rules for radicals, as well as the property $ann=a$, where a is nonnegative.
• A radical expression is simplified if its radicand does not contain any factors that can be written as perfect powers of the index.
• We typically assume that all variable expressions within the radical are nonnegative. This allows us to focus on simplifying radicals without the technical issues associated with the principal nth root. If this assumption is not made, we will ensure a positive result by using absolute values when simplifying radicals with even indices.
Topic Exercises
Assume that the variable could represent any real number and then simplify.
1. $9x2$
2. $16y2$
3. $8y33$
4. $125a33$
5. $64x44$
6. $81y44$
7. $36a4$
8. $100a8$
9. $4a6$
10. $a10$
11. $18a4b5$
12. $48a5b3$
13. $128x6y86$
14. $a6b7c86$
15. $(5x−4)2$
16. $(3x−5)4$
17. $x2−6x+9$
18. $x2−10x+25$
19. $4x2+12x+9$
20. $9x2+6x+1$
Simplify. (Assume all variable expressions represent positive numbers.)
1. $49a2$
2. $64b2$
3. $x2y2$
4. $25x2y2z2$
5. $180x3$
6. $150y3$
7. $49a3b2$
8. $4a4b3c$
9. $45x5y3$
10. $50x6y4$
11. $64r2s6t5$
12. $144r8s6t2$
13. $(x+1)2$
14. $(2x+3)2$
15. $4(3x−1)2$
16. $9(2x+3)2$
17. $9x325y2$
18. $4x59y4$
19. $m736n4$
20. $147m9n6$
21. $2r2s525t4$
22. $36r5s2t6$
23. $27a33$
24. $125b33$
25. $250x4y33$
26. $162a3b53$
27. $64x3y6z93$
28. $216x12y33$
29. $8x3y43$
30. $27x5y33$
31. $a4b5c63$
32. $a7b5c33$
33. $8x427y33$
34. $x5125y63$
35. $360r5s12t133$
36. $540r3s2t93$
37. $81x44$
38. $x4y44$
39. $16x4y84$
40. $81x12y44$
41. $a4b5c64$
42. $54a6c84$
43. $128x64$
44. $243y74$
45. $32m10n55$
46. $37m9n105$
47. $−34x2$
48. $79y2$
49. $−5x4x2y$
50. $−3y16x3y2$
51. $12aba5b3$
52. $6a2b9a7b2$
53. $2x8x63$
54. $−5x227x33$
55. $2ab−8a4b53$
56. $5a2b−27a3b33$
Rewrite the following as a radical expression with coefficient 1.
1. $3x6x$
2. $5y5y$
3. $ab10a$
4. $2ab2a$
5. $m2nmn$
6. $2m2n33n$
7. $2x3x3$
8. $3yy23$
9. $2y24y4$
10. $x2y9xy25$
The period T in seconds of a pendulum is given by the formula $T=2πL32$ where L represents the length in feet of the pendulum. Calculate the period, given each of the following lengths. Give the exact value and the approximate value rounded to the nearest tenth of a second.
1. 8 feet
2. 32 feet
3. $12$ foot
4. $18$ foot
The time t in seconds an object is in free fall is given by the formula $t=s4$ where s represents the distance in feet the object has fallen. Calculate the time it takes an object to fall, given each of the following distances. Give the exact value and the approximate value rounded to the nearest tenth of a second.
1. 48 feet
2. 80 feet
3. 192 feet
4. 288 feet
5. The speed of a vehicle before the brakes were applied can be estimated by the length of the skid marks left on the road. On dry pavement, the speed v in miles per hour can be estimated by the formula $v=26d$, where d represents the length of the skid marks in feet. Estimate the speed of a vehicle before applying the brakes on dry pavement if the skid marks left behind measure 27 feet. Round to the nearest mile per hour.
6. The radius r of a sphere can be calculated using the formula $r=6π2V32π$, where V represents the sphere’s volume. What is the radius of a sphere if the volume is $36π$ cubic centimeters?
Given the function find the y-intercept
1. $f(x)=x+12$
2. $f(x)=x+8−3$
3. $f(x)=x−83$
4. $f(x)=x+273$
5. $f(x)=x+163$
6. $f(x)=x+33−1$
Use the distance formula to calculate the distance between the given two points.
1. (5, −7) and (3, −8)
2. (−9, 7) and (−8, 4)
3. (−3, −4) and (3, −6)
4. (−5, −2) and (1, −6)
5. (−1, 1) and (−4, 10)
6. (8, −3) and (2, −12)
7. (0, −6) and (−3, 0)
8. (0, 0) and (8, −4)
9. $(12,−12)$ and $(−1,32)$
10. $(−13,2)$ and $(53,−23)$
Determine whether or not the three points form a right triangle. Use the Pythagorean theorem to justify your answer.
1. (2,−1), (−1,2), and (6,3)
2. (−5,2), (−1, −2), and (−2,5)
3. (−5,0), (0,3), and (6,−1)
4. (−4,−1), (−2,5), and (7,2)
5. (1,−2), (2,3), and (−3,4)
6. (−2,1), (−1,−1), and (1,3)
7. (−4,0), (−2,−10), and (3,−9)
8. (0,0), (2,4), and (−2,6)
Part D: Discussion Board
1. Give a value for x such that $x2≠x.$ Explain why it is important to assume that the variables represent nonnegative numbers.
2. Research and discuss the accomplishments of Christoph Rudolff. What is he credited for?
3. What is a surd, and where does the word come from?
4. Research ways in which police investigators can determine the speed of a vehicle after an accident has occurred. Share your findings on the discussion board.
1. $3|x|$
2. $2y$
3. $2|x|$
4. $6a2$
5. $2|a3|$
6. $3a2b22b$
7. $2|xy|2y26$
8. $|5x−4|$
9. $|x−3|$
10. $|2x+3|$
11. $7a$
12. $xy$
13. $6x5x$
14. $7aba$
15. $3x2y5xy$
16. $8rs3t2t$
17. $x+1$
18. $2(3x−1)$
19. $3xx5y$
20. $m3m6n2$
21. $rs22s5t2$
22. $3a$
23. $5xy2x3$
24. $4xy2z3$
25. $2xyy3$
26. $abc2ab23$
27. $2xx33y$
28. $2rs4t445r2t3$
29. $3x$
30. $2xy2$
31. $abcbc24$
32. $2x8x24$
33. $2m2n$
34. $−6x$
35. $−10x2y$
36. $12a3b2ab$
37. $4x3$
38. $−4a2b2ab23$
39. $54x3$
40. $10a3b2$
41. $m5n3$
42. $24x43$
43. $64y94$
1. $π$ seconds; 3.1 seconds
2. $π4$ seconds; 0.8 seconds
3. $3$ seconds; 1.7 seconds
4. $23$ seconds; 3.5 seconds
5. 25 miles per hour
6. $(0,23)$
7. $(0,−2)$
8. $(0,223)$
9. $5$ units
10. $210$ units
11. $310$ units
12. $35$ units
13. $52$ units
14. Right triangle
15. Not a right triangle
16. Right triangle
17. Right triangle
| 2018-12-19T09:38:34 |
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|
https://publications.industry.gov.au/publications/australianinnovationsystemmonitor/science-and-research/business-R-and-D/index.html
|
Feedback
survey
Subscribe
As experimental development is dedicated to producing new materials, technologies, products or processes, it is closely related to business innovation. It has previously been estimated that R&D-active Australian firms were three times more likely to introduce new-to-market goods and service innovations than non-R&D-active ones.[54] BERD currently makes up just over half (52.7 per cent) of total Gross Expenditure on R&D (GERD). It is particularly relevant to firms in technology-intensive industries such as Manufacturing but also increasingly in Professional, Scientific and Technical Services, which now represents the largest contribution to BERD. Following a notable decline in 2015-16, total BERD lifted from $16.7 billion in 2015-16 to$17.4 billion in 2017-18. The largest increase in this period occurred in overseas expenditures (up $534 million), while in Western Australia expenditures continued to fall sharply (down$490 million). In 2017-18 by field of research, the largest contribution to BERD came from Information and Computing Sciences ($6.7 billion) and Engineering came in second ($4.7 billion).[55]
Australia's BERD is relatively concentrated, with just four industries accounting for more than three-quarters of the $17.4 billion in total expenditure. The largest contribution in 2017-18 was in Professional, Scientific and Technical Services (29.3 per cent), which has overtaken Manufacturing (26.4 per cent) for the first time. This is especially significant given that as recently as 2011-12, Professional, Scientific and Technical Services accounted for 15.5 per cent of total BERD, compared to 24.4 per cent for Manufacturing and 22.4 per cent for Mining. Mining expenditure peaked in 2011-12 (at$4.1 billion) and has fallen to a quarter of that year's value — to \$1.0 billion in 2017-18—contributing a comparatively modest 6.0 per cent to total BERD.[56]
| 2020-02-29T06:01:09 |
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|
https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10131283
|
Quantifying thermal refugia connectivity by combining temperature modeling, distributed temperature sensing, and thermal infrared imaging
Abstract. Watershed-scale stream temperature models are often one-dimensional because they require fewer data and are more computationally efficient than two- or three-dimensional models. However, one-dimensional models assume completely mixed reaches and ignore small-scale spatial temperature variability, which may create temperature barriers or refugia for cold-water aquatic species. Fine spatial- and temporal-resolution stream temperature monitoring provides information to identify river features with increased thermal variability. We used distributed temperature sensing (DTS) to observe small-scale stream temperature variability, measured as a temperature range through space and time, within two 400 m reaches in summer 2015 in Nevada's East Walker and main stem Walker rivers. Thermal infrared (TIR) aerial imagery collected in summer 2012 quantified the spatial temperature variability throughout the Walker Basin. We coupled both types of high-resolution measured data with simulated stream temperatures to corroborate model results and estimate the spatial distribution of thermal refugia for Lahontan cutthroat trout and other cold-water species. Temperature model estimates were within the DTS-measured temperature ranges 21 % and 70 % of the time for the East Walker River and main stem Walker River, respectively, and within TIR-measured temperatures 17 %, 5 %, and 5 % of the time for the East Walker, West Walker, and main stem Walker rivers, respectively. DTS, TIR, and modeled more »
Authors:
; ;
Award ID(s):
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10131283
Journal Name:
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
Volume:
23
Issue:
7
Page Range or eLocation-ID:
2965 to 2982
ISSN:
1607-7938
National Science Foundation
##### More Like this
1. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is typically used to enhance the agricultural water supply but may also be promising to maintain summer streamflows and temperatures for cold-water fish. An existing aquifer model, water temperature data, and analysis of water administration were used to assess potential benefits of MAR to cold-water fisheries in Idaho’s Snake River. This highly-regulated river supports irrigated agriculture worth US $10 billion and recreational trout fisheries worth$100 million. The assessment focused on the Henry’s Fork Snake River, which receives groundwater from recharge incidental to irrigation and from MAR operations 8 km from the river, addressing (1) the quantity and timing of MAR-produced streamflow response, (2) the mechanism through which MAR increases streamflow, (3) whether groundwater inputs decrease the local stream temperature, and (4) the legal and administrative hurdles to using MAR for cold-water fisheries conservation in Idaho. The model estimated a long-term 4%–7% increase in summertime streamflow from annual MAR similar to that conducted in 2019. Water temperature observations confirmed that recharge increased streamflow via aquifer discharge rather than reduction in river losses to the aquifer. In addition, groundwater seeps created summer thermal refugia. Measured summer stream temperature at seeps was within the optimal temperature range formore »
2. Abstract. Landslides are the main source of sediment in most mountain ranges. Rivers then act as conveyor belts, evacuating landslide-derived sediment. Sediment dynamics are known to influence landscape evolution through interactions among landslide sediment delivery, fluvial transport and river incision into bedrock. Sediment delivery and its interaction with river incision therefore control the pace of landscape evolution and mediate relationships among tectonics, climate and erosion. Numerical landscape evolution models (LEMs) are well suited to study the interactions among these surface processes. They enable evaluation of a range of hypotheses at varying temporal and spatial scales. While many models have been used to study the dynamic interplay between tectonics, erosion and climate, the role of interactions between landslide-derived sediment and river incision has received much less attention. Here, we present HyLands, a hybrid landscape evolution model integrated within the TopoToolbox Landscape Evolution Model (TTLEM) framework. The hybrid nature of the model lies in its capacity to simulate both erosion and deposition at any place in the landscape due to fluvial bedrock incision, sediment transport, and rapid, stochastic mass wasting through landsliding. Fluvial sediment transport and bedrock incision are calculated using the recently developed Stream Power with Alluvium Conservation and Entrainment (SPACE)more »
3. We examined the patterns of propagule recruitment to assess the timescale and trajectory of succession and the possible roles of physical factors in controlling benthic community structure in a shallow High Arctic kelp bed in the Beaufort Sea, Alaska. Spatial differences in established epilithic assemblages were evaluated against static habitat attributes (depth, distance from river inputs) and environmental factors (temperature, salinity, current speed, underwater light) collected continuously over 2–6 years. Our measurements revealed that bottom waters remained below freezing (mean winter temperatures ∼−1.8°C) and saline (33–36) with negligible light levels for 8–9 months. In contrast, the summer open water period was characterized by variable salinities (22–36), higher temperatures (up to 8–9°C) and measurable irradiance (1–8 mol photons m –2 day –1 ). An inshore, near-river site experienced strong, acute, springtime drops in salinity to nearly 0 in some years. The epilithic community was dominated by foliose red algae (47–79%), prostrate kelps (2–19%), and crustose coralline algae (0–19%). Strong spatial distinctions among sites included a positive correlation between cover by crustose coralline algae and distance to river inputs, but we found no significant relationships between multi-year means of physical factors and functional groups. Low rates of colonization and the very slowmore »
4. Abstract. Ecohydrological models are powerful tools to quantify the effects that independent fluxes may have on catchment storage dynamics. Here, we adapted the tracer-aided ecohydrological model, EcH2O-iso, for cold regions with the explicit conceptualization of dynamic soil freeze–thaw processes. We tested the model at the data-rich Krycklan site in northern Sweden with multi-criterion calibration using discharge, stream isotopes and soil moisture in three nested catchments. We utilized the model's incorporation of ecohydrological partitioning to evaluate the effect of soil frost on evaporation and transpiration water ages, and thereby the age of source waters. The simulation of stream discharge, isotopes, and soil moisture variability captured the seasonal dynamics at all three stream sites and both soil sites, with notable reductions in discharge and soil moisture during the winter months due to the development of the frost front. Stream isotope simulations reproduced the response to the isotopically depleted pulse of spring snowmelt. The soil frost dynamics adequately captured the spatial differences in the freezing front throughout the winter period, despite no direct calibration of soil frost to measured soil temperature. The simulated soil frost indicated a maximum freeze depth of 0.25 m below forest vegetation. Water ages of evaporation and transpiration reflect themore »
5. Food availability is a primary factor limiting the abundance of wild populations, but quantifying it requires an understanding of when and where prey are vulnerable to predators. Salmonid fishes in streams are commonly thought to forage on drifting aquatic invertebrates during daylight hours. However, past studies also report benthic and nocturnal foraging despite the predominant view of salmonids as diurnal drift-feeding predators. We used instream videography to assess foraging mode and energy intake for stream-dwelling Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri. We recorded the foraging behavior of wild fish with a waterproof video camera and estimated energy intake based on fish size, foraging rate, retention rate, and caloric values of prey. Fish captured prey primarily from the water column and surface, targeting drifting invertebrates during daytime hours; however, they also foraged from the stream benthos and during nighttime. Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout foraging rate was most strongly related to foraging location in the stream, diel period, and month. Energy intake was highest from daytime drift-foraging behavior and exceeded a modeled metabolic limit of food intake during October and November. Nocturnal and benthic foraging contributed the smallest proportion of total foraging attempts but was observed over all months of our study andmore »
| 2022-12-07T20:10:57 |
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|
https://math-physics-problems.wikia.org/wiki/Simple_Harmonic_Oscillator
|
303 Pages
Problem
Consider the position function .
Part 1: Determine the value of if this function solves the differential equation:
.
Part 2: Try to explain what each term of the above differential equation means.
Solution
Part 1
Take two time derivatives:
.
Consequently,
.
Divide away :
.
Therefore .
This quantity is the angular frequency of the wave. Mathematically speaking, it is the eigenvalue of the differential equation.
Part 2
Multiply the entire equation by :
.
Since acceleration is the second time derivative of position
.
This is Newton’s second law with the spring force being the net force!
Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted.
| 2021-07-25T03:35:44 |
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https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10304873-selective-electrochemical-oxidative-coupling-methane-mediated-sr2fe1-its-chemical-stability
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Selective electrochemical oxidative coupling of methane mediated by Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6-δ and its chemical stability
Abstract
Efficient conversion of methane to value-added products such as olefins and aromatics has been in pursuit for the past few decades. The demand has increased further due to the recent discoveries of shale gas reserves. Oxidative and non-oxidative coupling of methane (OCM and NOCM) have been actively researched, although catalysts with commercially viable conversion rates are not yet available. Recently,$${{{{{{{\mathrm{Sr}}}}}}}}_2Fe_{1.5 + 0.075}Mo_{0.5}O_{6 - \delta }$$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}F{e}_{1.5+0.075}M{o}_{0.5}{O}_{6-\delta }$(SFMO-075Fe) has been reported to activate methane in an electrochemical OCM (EC-OCM) set up with a C2 selectivity of 82.2%1. However, alkaline earth metal-based materials are known to suffer chemical instability in carbon-rich environments. Hence, here we evaluated the chemical stability of SFMO in carbon-rich conditions with varying oxygen concentrations at temperatures relevant for EC-OCM. SFMO-075Fe showed good methane activation properties especially at low overpotentials but suffered poor chemical stability as observed via thermogravimetric, powder XRD, and XPS measurements where SrCO3was observed to be a major decomposition product along with SrMoO3and MoC. Nevertheless, our study demonstrates that electrochemical methods could be used to selectively activate methane towards partial oxidation products such as ethylene at low overpotentials while higher applied biases result in the complete oxidation of methane to carbon dioxide and water.
Authors:
; ; ;
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10304873
Journal Name:
Communications Chemistry
Volume:
4
Issue:
1
ISSN:
2399-3669
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
National Science Foundation
##### More Like this
1. Abstract
Massive gully land consolidation projects, launched in China’s Loess Plateau, aim to restore 2667$$\mathrm{km}^2$$${\mathrm{km}}^{2}$agricultural lands in total by consolidating 2026 highly eroded gullies. This effort represents a social engineering project where the economic development and livelihood of the farming families are closely tied to the ability of these emergent landscapes to provide agricultural services. Whether these ‘time zero’ landscapes have the resilience to provide a sustainable soil condition such as soil organic carbon (SOC) content remains unknown. By studying two watersheds, one of which is a control site, we show that the consolidated gully serves as an enhanced carbon sink, where the magnitude of SOC increase rate (1.0$$\mathrm{g\,C}/\mathrm{m}^2/\mathrm{year}$$$g\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}C/{m}^{2}/\mathrm{year}$) is about twice that of the SOC decrease rate (− 0.5$$\mathrm{g\,C}/\mathrm{m}^2/\mathrm{year}$$$g\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}C/{m}^{2}/\mathrm{year}$) in the surrounding natural watershed. Over a 50-year co-evolution of landscape and SOC turnover, we find that the dominant mechanisms that determine the carbon cycling are different between the consolidated gully and natural watersheds. In natural watersheds, the flux of SOC transformation is mainly driven by the flux of SOC transport; but in the consolidated gully, the transport has little impact on the transformation. Furthermore, we find that extending the surface carbon residence time has the potential to efficiently enhance carbon sequestrationmore »
2. A theoretical analysis on crack formation and propagation was performed based on the coupling between the electrochemical process, classical elasticity, and fracture mechanics. The chemical potential of oxygen, thus oxygen partial pressure, at the oxygen electrode-electrolyte interface ($μO2OE∣El$) was investigated as a function of transport properties, electrolyte thickness and operating conditions (e.g., steam concentration, constant current, and constant voltage). Our analysis shows that: a lower ionic area specific resistance (ASR),$riOE,$and a higher electronic ASR ($reOE$) of the oxygen electrode/electrolyte interface are in favor of suppressing crack formation. The$μO2OE∣El,$thus local pO2, are sensitive towards the operating parameters under galvanostatic or potentiostatic electrolysis. Constant current density electrolysis provides better robustness, especially at a high current density with a high steam content. While constant voltage electrolysis leads to greater variations of$μO2OE∣El.$Constant current electrolysis, however, is not suitable for an unstable oxygen electrode because$μO2OE∣El$can reach a very high value with a gradually increased$riOE.$A crack may only occur under certain conditions when$pO2TPB>pcr.$
3. Abstract
Recently, room temperature superconductivity was measured in a carbonaceous sulfur hydride material whose identity remains unknown. Herein, first-principles calculations are performed to provide a chemical basis for structural candidates derived by doping H3S with low levels of carbon. Pressure stabilizes unusual bonding configurations about the carbon atoms, which can be six-fold coordinated as CH6entities within the cubic H3S framework, or four-fold coordinated as methane intercalated into the H-S lattice, with or without an additional hydrogen in the framework. The doping breaks degenerate bands, lowering the density of states at the Fermi level (NF), and localizing electrons in C-H bonds. Low levels of CH4doping do not increaseNFto values as high as those calculated for$$Im\bar{3}m$$$Im\overline{3}m$-H3S, but they can yield a larger logarithmic average phonon frequency, and an electron–phonon coupling parameter comparable to that ofR3m-H3S. The implications of carbon doping on the superconducting properties are discussed.
4. Abstract
The device concept of ferroelectric-based negative capacitance (NC) transistors offers a promising route for achieving energy-efficient logic applications that can outperform the conventional semiconductor technology, while viable operation mechanisms remain a central topic of debate. In this work, we report steep slope switching in MoS2transistors back-gated by single-layer polycrystalline PbZr0.35Ti0.65O3. The devices exhibit current switching ratios up to 8 × 106within an ultra-low gate voltage window of$$V_{{{\mathrm{g}}}} = \pm \! 0.5$$${V}_{g}=±\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.5$V and subthreshold swing (SS) as low as 9.7 mV decade−1at room temperature, transcending the 60 mV decade−1Boltzmann limit without involving additional dielectric layers. Theoretical modeling reveals the dominant role of the metastable polar states within domain walls in enabling the NC mode, which is corroborated by the relation between SS and domain wall density. Our findings shed light on a hysteresis-free mechanism for NC operation, providing a simple yet effective material strategy for developing low-power 2D nanoelectronics.
5. Abstract
Hemiwicking is the phenomena where a liquid wets a textured surface beyond its intrinsic wetting length due to capillary action and imbibition. In this work, we derive a simple analytical model for hemiwicking in micropillar arrays. The model is based on the combined effects of capillary action dictated by interfacial and intermolecular pressures gradients within the curved liquid meniscus and fluid drag from the pillars at ultra-low Reynolds numbers$${\boldsymbol{(}}{{\bf{10}}}^{{\boldsymbol{-}}{\bf{7}}}{\boldsymbol{\lesssim }}{\bf{Re}}{\boldsymbol{\lesssim }}{{\bf{10}}}^{{\boldsymbol{-}}{\bf{3}}}{\boldsymbol{)}}$$$\left({10}^{-7}\lesssim \mathrm{Re}\lesssim {10}^{-3}\right)$. Fluid drag is conceptualized via a critical Reynolds number:$${\bf{Re}}{\boldsymbol{=}}\frac{{{\bf{v}}}_{{\bf{0}}}{{\bf{x}}}_{{\bf{0}}}}{{\boldsymbol{\nu }}}$$$\mathrm{Re}=\frac{{v}_{0}{x}_{0}}{\nu }$, wherev0corresponds to the maximum wetting speed on a flat, dry surface andx0is the extension length of the liquid meniscus that drives the bulk fluid toward the adsorbed thin-film region. The model is validated with wicking experiments on different hemiwicking surfaces in conjunction withv0andx0measurements using Water$${\boldsymbol{(}}{{\bf{v}}}_{{\bf{0}}}{\boldsymbol{\approx }}{\bf{2}}\,{\bf{m}}{\boldsymbol{/}}{\bf{s}}{\boldsymbol{,}}\,{\bf{25}}\,{\boldsymbol{\mu }}{\bf{m}}{\boldsymbol{\lesssim }}{{\bf{x}}}_{{\bf{0}}}{\boldsymbol{\lesssim }}{\bf{28}}\,{\boldsymbol{\mu }}{\bf{m}}{\boldsymbol{)}}$$$\left({v}_{0}\approx 2\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}m/s,\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}25\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}µm\lesssim {x}_{0}\lesssim 28\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}µm\right)$, viscous FC-70$${\boldsymbol{(}}{{\boldsymbol{v}}}_{{\bf{0}}}{\boldsymbol{\approx }}{\bf{0.3}}\,{\bf{m}}{\boldsymbol{/}}{\bf{s}}{\boldsymbol{,}}\,{\bf{18.6}}\,{\boldsymbol{\mu }}{\bf{m}}{\boldsymbol{\lesssim }}{{\boldsymbol{x}}}_{{\bf{0}}}{\boldsymbol{\lesssim }}{\bf{38.6}}\,{\boldsymbol{\mu }}{\bf{m}}{\boldsymbol{)}}$$$\left({v}_{0}\approx 0.3\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}m/s,\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}18.6\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}µm\lesssim {x}_{0}\lesssim 38.6\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}µm\right)$and lower viscosity Ethanol$${\boldsymbol{(}}{{\boldsymbol{v}}}_{{\bf{0}}}{\boldsymbol{\approx }}{\bf{1.2}}\,{\bf{m}}{\boldsymbol{/}}{\bf{s}}{\boldsymbol{,}}\,{\bf{11.8}}\,{\boldsymbol{\mu }}{\bf{m}}{\boldsymbol{\lesssim }}{{\bf{x}}}_{{\bf{0}}}{\boldsymbol{\lesssim }}{\bf{33.3}}\,{\boldsymbol{\mu }}{\bf{m}}{\boldsymbol{)}}$$$\left({v}_{0}\approx 1.2\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}m/s,\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}11.8\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}µm\lesssim {x}_{0}\lesssim 33.3\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}µm\right)$.
| 2022-11-26T11:38:00 |
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|
https://gssc.esa.int/navipedia/index.php/Emission_Time_Computation
|
If you wish to contribute or participate in the discussions about articles you are invited to join Navipedia as a registered user
# Emission Time Computation
Fundamentals
Title Emission Time Computation
Author(s) J. Sanz Subirana, J.M. Juan Zornoza and M. Hernández-Pajares, Technical University of Catalonia, Spain.
Year of Publication 2011
Two different algorithms for the satellite transmission time computation from the receiver measurement time are presented as follows. The first of them is based on using the pseudorange measurements, which is a link between the receiver time tags (i.e., the reception time in the receiver clock) and the satellite transmission time (in the satellite clock). The second one is a pure geometric algorithm, which does not require any receiver measurement. It only needs the satellite coordinates and an approximate receiver position.
## A pseudorange based algorithm
The emission time can be directly obtained from the reception time, taking into account that the pseudorange $\displaystyle R$ is a direct measurement of the time difference between both epochs, each one of them measured in the corresponding clock:
$R=c\;\left(t_{rcv}[reception]-t^{sat}[emission]\right) \qquad \mbox{(1)}$
So, the signal emission time, measured with satellite clock ($\displaystyle t^{sat}$), is given by:
$t^{sat}[emission]=t_{rcv}[reception]-\Delta t \qquad \mbox{(2)}$
where,
$\Delta t= R/c \qquad \mbox{(3)}$
Thence, if the $\displaystyle \delta t^{sat}$ is the satellite clock offset, regarding to the GNSS (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo...) system time scale (see Clock Modelling) the transmission time $\displaystyle T[emission]$ in this system time scale can be computed from the receiver measurement time tags ($\displaystyle t_{rcv}$) as:
$T[emission] = t^{sat}[emission] - \delta t^{sat} = t_{rcv}[reception] - R/c - \delta t^{sat} \qquad \mbox{(4)}$
The former equation (4) has the advantage of providing the signal emission time directly, without iterative calculation, although it does need pseudorange measurements in order to connect both epochs.
The accuracy in determination of $\displaystyle T[emission]$ is very high, and essentially depends on $\displaystyle \delta t^{sat}$ error. For instance, in the case of the GPS system it is less than $10$ or $100$ nanoseconds with S/A=off and S/A=on, respectively. This allows calculating satellite coordinates with errors below one tenth of millimetre in both cases [footnotes 1].
## A purely geometric algorithm
The former algorithm (equation 2) provides the signal emission time tied to satellite clock ($\displaystyle t^{sat}$). The next algorithm ties this epoch to receiver clock ($\displaystyle t_{rcv}$):
$t_{rcv}[emission]=t_{rcv}[reception]-\Delta t \qquad \mbox{(5)}$
where $\displaystyle \Delta t$ is now calculated by iteration assuming that an approximate receptor position $\displaystyle r_{0_{rcv}}$ is known (it converges very fast):
The algorithm is based in the following steps:
1. Calculate the position $\displaystyle {\mathbf r}^{sat}$ of the satellite at signal reception time $\displaystyle t_{rcv}$.
2. Calculate the geometric distance between satellite coordinates obtained previously and receiver position [footnotes 2], and from it, calculate the signal travelling time between both points: $\Delta t=\frac{\left\| {\mathbf r}^{sat}-{\mathbf r}_{0_{rcv}}\right\|}{c} \qquad \mbox{(6)}$
3. Calculate satellite position at the time: $t = t_{rcv} - \Delta t \Longrightarrow r^{sat}$.
4. Compare the new position $\displaystyle r^{sat}$ with the former position. If they differ more than certain threshold value, iterate the procedure starting from 2.
Finally, emission time at the system-time-scale is given by[footnotes 3]:
$T[emission] = t_{rcv}[emission] - \delta t_{rcv} \qquad \mbox{(7)}$
where $displaystyle \delta t_{rcv}$ is receiver clock offset referred to the system time, that may be obtained from navigation solution (although "a posteriori").
This algorithm for the satellite coordinate calculations at the reception epoch allows an efficient modularity because pseudorange measurements are not needed to compute the transmission time.
If the receiver clock offset is small [footnotes 4], thence the $displaystyle \delta t_{rcv}$ may be neglected. On the other hand, the receiver clock estimates from the navigation solution can be used (extrapolated from the previous epoch). In any case, it must be taken into account that neglecting this term when $displaystyle \delta t_{rcv}$ reaches large values (e.g., 1 millisecond) may introduce errors of about one meter in satellite coordinates, and this must be taken in account when building the navigation model[footnotes 5]; or more precisely, in the partial derivative respect to receiver clock of design matrix.
frameless frameless frameless frameless
Figure 1 shows an example to illustrating the effect of neglecting the travelling time in the satellite coordinates computation for positioning. It corresponds to a receiver located in Barcelona, Spain (receiver coordinates $\lambda\simeq 2^o$ $\phi \simeq 41^o$). During the $70$ to $90$ milliseconds of travelling time, the satellite moves about $200-250$ meters, which leads to $+/-60$ meters in range. The effect on the user position is up to $50$ meters or more in horizontal and vertical components.
## Notes
1. ^ GPS, GLONASS or Galileo satellites speed is of few km/s.
2. ^ Again, notice that satellite and receiver coordinates must be given in the same reference system, because satellite-receiver ray must be generated in a common reference system.
3. ^ Rigorously, equation (7) is: $T[emission] = f(T[reception]) = f(t_{rcv}[reception] - \delta t_{rcv}) \simeq t_{rcv}[emission] - \delta t_{rcv}$ where function $f(\cdot)$ represents geometric algorithm.
4. ^ Some receivers apply clock-steering adjusting their clocks epoch-by-epoch and providing offsets of few nanoseconds. However, in many cases the receiver wait until gathering an offset of $1$ millisecond to adjust the clock.
5. ^ In the "design matrix" or Jacobian matrix, obtained when linearising the model with respect to coordinates and receiver clock errors, see Code Based Positioning (SPS).
| 2019-04-25T12:59:58 |
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|
http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/pmd/section1/pmd142.htm
|
4. Process Modeling
4.1. Introduction to Process Modeling
4.1.4. What are some of the different statistical methods for model building?
## Nonlinear Least Squares Regression
Extension of Linear Least Squares Regression Nonlinear least squares regression extends linear least squares regression for use with a much larger and more general class of functions. Almost any function that can be written in closed form can be incorporated in a nonlinear regression model. Unlike linear regression, there are very few limitations on the way parameters can be used in the functional part of a nonlinear regression model. The way in which the unknown parameters in the function are estimated, however, is conceptually the same as it is in linear least squares regression.
Definition of a Nonlinear Regression Model As the name suggests, a nonlinear model is any model of the basic form, $$y = f(\vec{x};\vec{\beta}) + \varepsilon \, ,$$ in which
1. the functional part of the model is not linear with respect to the unknown parameters, $$\beta_0, \, \beta_1, \, \ldots \,$$, and
2. the method of least squares is used to estimate the values of the unknown parameters.
Due to the way in which the unknown parameters of the function are usually estimated, however, it is often much easier to work with models that meet two additional criteria:
1. the function is smooth with respect to the unknown parameters, and
2. the least squares criterion that is used to obtain the parameter estimates has a unique solution.
These last two criteria are not essential parts of the definition of a nonlinear least squares model, but are of practical importance.
Examples of Nonlinear Models Some examples of nonlinear models include: $$f(x;\vec{\beta}) = \frac{\beta_0 + \beta_1x}{1+\beta_2x}$$ $$f(x;\vec{\beta}) = \beta_1x^{\beta_2}$$ $$f(x;\vec{\beta}) = \beta_0 + \beta_1\exp(-\beta_2x)$$ $$f(\vec{x};\vec{\beta}) = \beta_1\sin(\beta_2 + \beta_3x_1) + \beta_4\cos(\beta_5 + \beta_6x_2)$$
Advantages of Nonlinear Least Squares The biggest advantage of nonlinear least squares regression over many other techniques is the broad range of functions that can be fit. Although many scientific and engineering processes can be described well using linear models, or other relatively simple types of models, there are many other processes that are inherently nonlinear. For example, the strengthening of concrete as it cures is a nonlinear process. Research on concrete strength shows that the strength increases quickly at first and then levels off, or approaches an asymptote in mathematical terms, over time. Linear models do not describe processes that asymptote very well because for all linear functions the function value can't increase or decrease at a declining rate as the explanatory variables go to the extremes. There are many types of nonlinear models, on the other hand, that describe the asymptotic behavior of a process well. Like the asymptotic behavior of some processes, other features of physical processes can often be expressed more easily using nonlinear models than with simpler model types.
Being a "least squares" procedure, nonlinear least squares has some of the same advantages (and disadvantages) that linear least squares regression has over other methods. One common advantage is efficient use of data. Nonlinear regression can produce good estimates of the unknown parameters in the model with relatively small data sets. Another advantage that nonlinear least squares shares with linear least squares is a fairly well-developed theory for computing confidence, prediction and calibration intervals to answer scientific and engineering questions. In most cases the probabilistic interpretation of the intervals produced by nonlinear regression are only approximately correct, but these intervals still work very well in practice.
Disadvantages of Nonlinear Least Squares The major cost of moving to nonlinear least squares regression from simpler modeling techniques like linear least squares is the need to use iterative optimization procedures to compute the parameter estimates. With functions that are linear in the parameters, the least squares estimates of the parameters can always be obtained analytically, while that is generally not the case with nonlinear models. The use of iterative procedures requires the user to provide starting values for the unknown parameters before the software can begin the optimization. The starting values must be reasonably close to the as yet unknown parameter estimates or the optimization procedure may not converge. Bad starting values can also cause the software to converge to a local minimum rather than the global minimum that defines the least squares estimates.
Disadvantages shared with the linear least squares procedure includes a strong sensitivity to outliers. Just as in a linear least squares analysis, the presence of one or two outliers in the data can seriously affect the results of a nonlinear analysis. In addition there are unfortunately fewer model validation tools for the detection of outliers in nonlinear regression than there are for linear regression.
| 2015-03-06T16:00:39 |
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|
https://publications.drdo.gov.in/ojs/index.php/dsj/article/download/4865/2894
|
Active Vibration Control of a Smart Cantilever Beam on General Purpose Operating System
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All mechanical systems suffer from undesirable vibrations during their operations. Their occurrence is uncontrollable as it depends on various factors. However, for efficient operation of the system, these vibrations have to be controlled within the specified limits. Light weight, rapid and multi-mode control of the vibrating structure is possible by the use of piezoelectric sensors and actuators and feedback control algorithms. In this paper, direct output feedback based active vibration control has been implemented on a cantilever beam using Lead Zirconate-Titanate (PZT) sensors and actuators. Three PZT patches were used, one as the sensor, one as the exciter providing the forced vibrations and the third acting as the actuator that provides an equal but opposite phase vibration/force signal to that of sensed so as to damp out the vibrations. The designed algorithm is implemented on Lab VIEW 2010 on Windows 7 Platform.
The very first analysis of any measured data from a vibrating system is to convert it from time domain into frequency domain so as to find the frequency content of measured data. In a normal engineering system investigation process, a complex physical system or real system is studied as a physical model. It is then mathematically modelled so that further analysis can be carried out on the model instead of the system. This helps in attaining a clear understanding of the system behaviour and is also cost effective. Finally, the physical system is put to the same tests as is its model. The simulated and experimental results from the model are then compared. If they do not match, the assumption made to build the model is re-defined and the entire process is repeated till a satisfactory solution is obtained. The development in piezoelectric materials have motivated many researchers to work in the field of smart structures9-15. A smart structure can be defined as the structure that can sense external disturbance and respond to it actively as per the designed control algorithm so as to maintain its dynamics within the desired levels. They comprise of distributed active devices like sensors and actuators that may either be embedded or attached to the structure with integrated processor networks. Smart structures are widely used in place of the traditional structures on account of their ability to adapt according to the prevailing disturbances. Mechanical vibrations of these structures tend to affect their operational efficiency to a great extent and so the need to damp out these vibrations is felt. The simplest control algorithm that can be implemented to suppress the occurring vibrations in the system is direct feedback of the output parameter back into the sytem1,2,4,15. Measurable parameters like strain, displacement, velocity, accelaration, etc are the commonly fed signals. This type of control is simple to implement and yet yeilds satisfactory results. In this work, a simple cantilever beam was used as the system whose dynamics was studied and active vibration control technique was applied. The system parameters were analysed through the free vibration test. The setup consisted of one Lead-Zirconate-Titanate (PZT) patch producing the primary disturbance (the exciter), another PZT patch sensing the occurring disturbance (the sensor), and finally the third PZT patch that suppressed the vibration (the actuator). The setup with the embedded PZT patches is as shown in Fig.1a. As reported by Lim5, et al., presence of the patches shifts the natural frequencies of the passive structure to higher frequencies. Waghulde and Kumar6 used piezoelectric material on a cantilever beam thereby making it smart. The placement of the piezo sensors and actuators on the beam were determined through modal analysis as reported by Tripathi and Gangadharan1. Active control of hybrid smart structures under forced vibrations was investigated by Choi7, et al.
The entire work was executed on LABVIEW 2010 on a windows platform. The graphical programming nature of LAB VIEW made the design of the algorithm simple and also it was user friendly with respect to debugging. Good reliability, near linear response to the applied voltage and exhibition of excellent response to the applied electric field over very large range of frequencies coupled with low cost of PZT makes it a very popular choice as a sensor and actuator that enables the structure to be smart. The details of the smart beam along with the details of the PZT patches considered in this work are given in Table 1 and Table 2 respectively.
The first step in this work was to find out the system parameters of the smart cantilever beam. This was accomplished by subjecting the system to the free vibration test. This was performed so as to obtain critical parameter values like that of the system’s natural frequency, stiffness, damping, transfer function etc. The system response shown in Fig. 2(a) was then validated with its predicted/simulated response as shown in Fig. 2(b). Complete modal analysis of the smart system was achieved as well as analysed by Tripathi8. In this work, common parameters of the system were determined theoretically and were validated in through the experimental process.
Figure 1. (a) Schematic of the system under study, (b) The experimental setup.
Figure 1. (a) Schematic of the system under study, (b) The experimental setup.
Table 1. Properties of the smart beam.
Table 2. PZT patch properties.
Figure 2. (a) Experimental free vibration response of the smart cantilever beam.
Figure 2. (b) Simulated free vibration response of the smart cantilever beam.
Table 3. System parameters
From the concepts of machine vibrations, the natural frequency of the vibrating beam was determined by the following formula:
(1)
Where ${w}_{n}$ = the natural frequency of the beam (rad/sec) =
k = the beam stiffness (N/m2)
m = the modal mass of the beam (Kg)
The dimensions of the beam selected include a length (L) = 300mm; breadth (b) = 25mm; and a height (h) = 3mm. From the physical dimensions, the beam inertia (I) was obtained through the following equation:
(2)
Using equation (2) along with the known Young's modulus (E) of the Al cantilever beam, the beam stiffness was determined as:
(3)
From the free vibration test, the logarithmic decay ratio(δ) was determined as per the following formula:
(4)
The logarithmic decay ratio is also written as:
(5)
Upon solving equation (5), the following relation for damping constant (ε) was obtained:
(6)
Upon further simplification of equation (6), the following relation for damping factor (c) was arrived:
$c=\frac{2\delta \sqrt{km}}{\sqrt{{\delta }^{2}+4{\pi }^{2}}}$ (7)
Figure 3. Block diagram of output feedback based active vibration control of the smart cantilever beam.
The smart cantilever beam was subjected to harmonic excitation at its natural frequency. The experimental work reported here formed the basis of implementation of active vibration control in real time as shown by Parameswaran and Gangadharan2. The general block diagram adopted in this work to achieve active vibration control through direct output feedback is shown in Fig. 3. The piezo exciter excited the beam at its natural frequency as a result of which maximum displacement of the beam tip was observed at its free end. Also maximum strain was developed at the fixed end. This strain was sensed as a voltage by the piezo sensor. The sensed voltage was then amplified and fed into the LABVIEW domain in the PC through NI C-Series modules mounted on cDAQ-9174 compact data acquisition platform or directly through analog input/output modules. Through software means, the smart beam was subjected to forced vibrations at its first natural frequency (27.05 Hz) through the PZT Exciter patch mounted at the bottom of the beam. The first natural frequency of the smart beam was determined from theoretical calculations as well as through experimental means as indicated by its time Fig. 4(a) and frequency responses Fig. 4(b). In this work, direct strain feedback from the fixed end as well as displacement (sensed at the free end) feedback based closed loop active vibration control of the disturbed smart beam demonstrated the output feedback control algorithm that was successfully implemented to damp out the occurring vibrations in an active manner. Maximum strain was sensed at the fixed end. It was sensed by the PZT patch sensor which converted the resulting charge (corresponding to the strain) to an appropriate voltage.The developed voltage from the PZT sensor was then transmitted through the NI-C series modules into the LABVIEW domain in the PC. The designed control logic ensured that the acquired signal after being conditioned and amplified with a suitable controller gain was fed back into the system with an 180° phase shift through the smart structure instrumentation system before being fed to the PZT actuator patch that was mounted exactly on the opposite side as the PZT sensor. For accurate control, it was very important for the sensed signal to be conditioned appropriately so that it is free from any other unwanted noises. This was achieved by using a band pass butterworth analog filter that allowed a frequency range of 5-50 Hz. The acquired signal was initially filtered before being transferred into the software domain. The same logic was followed in the case of displacement feedback based control too with the sensor being a Laser Doppler Vibrometer placed appropriately at the free tip of the beam.
Figure 4. (a) Time response of the vibrating smart beam,
Figure 4. (b) Frequency response of the vibrating smart beam.
The experimental results demonstrated successful implementation of output feedback based active vibration control of a smart cantilever beam by employing three PZT patches that were appropriately placed. The harmonic excitation at the systems first natural frequency ensured maximum tip deflection as well as maximum strain development at the fixed end. Through successful implementation of the control logic in LABVIEW on a Windows 7 platform, active vibration control based on strain feedback as well as tip displacement feedback were obtained as shown in Figs. 5(a) and 5(b) respectively. From the free vibration test, values of critical parameters of the system were determined. The model obtained was tested and validated successfully. It is seen that when the control was initiated (at time (t)=7 s and controller gain =10), by employing strain feedback based control logic, the strain developed at the fixed end of the beam dropped from 1.5 mm to around 0.5 mm. This shows nearly a 67% reduction in the strain when active vibration control is applied. Similarly, when displacement feedback based control was applied, for the same controller gain (at t = 9 s), it was observed that displacement of the free tip of the smart cantilever beam reduced from about 0.35 cm to around 0.15 cm. this shows a reduction in the vibration by about 57%. Also, in the frequency response, it was noted that when the control action was applied, the amplitude of vibrations fell drastically at the system’s natural frequency.
Figure 5. (a) Fixed end strain feedback based active vibration control of smart beam
Figure 5. (b) Tip displacement feedback based active vibration control of smart beam.
From this experiment work, it was concluded that though active vibration control of the smart system was achieved, it was non-deterministic as well as non-sustained. This was attributed to the time-multiplexed nature of the GPOS (LABVIEW was run on a Windows 7 platform) where in the internal as well as external interrupts are serviced sequentially, Hence, the processor was unable to devote its complete processing time as well as capabilities towards achieving satisfactory vibration control. Thus even though active vibration control was achieved, the results showed inconsistent transient as well as steady state characteristics in the dynamics of the beam. Hence, it was concluded that experimental control of the vibrating smart beam needed to be performed on a real time operating system (RTOS) platform wherein deterministic and reliable control could be achieved.
1.Tripathi, P.K. & Gangadharan, K.V. Design and implementation of active vibration control in smart structures, Int. J. Res. Rev. Mechatronic Des. Simul., 2012, 2(1), 92-98.
2. Parameswaran, A.P. & Gangadharan, K.V. Active vibration control of a smart cantilever beam: A comparison between conventional and real time control. In the Proceedings of the 12th Internatinal Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA 2012), pp. 235-239. [Full text via CrossRef]
3.Pourboghrat, F.; Pongpairoj, H. & Aazhang, B. Vibration control of flexible beams using self-sensing actuators. In the Proceedings of the 5th Biannual World Automation Congress, 2002, pp. 133-139. [Full text via CrossRef]
4. Juntao, Fei. Active vibration control of flexible steel cantilever beam using piezoelectric actuators. In the Proceedings of the 37th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory, 2005, pp. 35-39. [Full text via CrossRef]
5. Lim, Y-H.; Varadan, V.V. & Varadan, V.K. Closed loop finite element modeling of active structural damping in the frequency domain. Smart Mater. Struct., 1997, 6(2), 161-68. [Full text via CrossRef]
6. Waghulde, K. B. & Kumar, Bimlesh. Vibration analysis of cantilever smart structure by using piezoelectric smart material. Int. J. Smart Sens. Intell. Sys., 2011, 4(3), 353-375
7. Choi, S.B.; Park, S.B. & Fukuda, T. A proof of concept investigation on active vibration control of hybrid structures. Mechatronics, 1998, 8(6), 673-689. [Full text via CrossRef]
8. Tripathi, P.K. Control and visualisation of vibrations in smart structures. Department of Mechanical Engineering, NITK-Surathkal, April-2012, MTech Thesis.
9. Moheimani, S.O.R. & Vautier, B.J.G. Resonant control of structural vibration using charge-driven piezo electric actuators. IEEE Tran. Control Sys. Technol. 2005, 13(6),1021-1035. [Full text via CrossRef]
10. Fei, J. & Fang,Y. Active feedback vibration suppression of a flexible steel cantilever beam using smart materials. In the Ist International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control, 2006, pp. 89-92. [Full text via CrossRef]
11. Hu, Hongsheng.; Qian, Suxiang. & Qian, Linfang. Self sensing piezoelectric actuator for active vibration control based on adaptive filter. International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, 2007, pp. 2564-2569. [Full text via CrossRef]
12. Manning, W. J.; Plummer, A.R.; Levesley, M.C. Vibration control of a flexible beam with integrated actuators and sensors. Smart Mater. Struct., 2000, 9(6), 932-939. [Full text via CrossRef]
13. Gaudenzi, P.; Carbonaro. & R, Benzi. Control of beam vibrations by means of piezoelectric devices: theory and experiments. Compos. Struct., 2000, 50(4), 373-379. [Full text via CrossRef]
14. Vasques, C.M.A. & Rodrigues, J.D. Active vibration control of smart piezoelectric beams: comparison of classical and optimal feedback control strategies. Comput. Struct., 2006, 84(22/23),1402-1414. [Full text via CrossRef]
15. Fei, J. Active vibration control of a flexible structure using piezoceramic actuators. Sens. Transducers J., 2008, 89(3), 52-60.
Mr A.P. Parameswarann obtained his BE (Electrical & Electronics Eng.) from College of Engineering, Farmagudi, Goa, and MTech (Control Systems) from Manipal University. Currently pursuing his PhD at National Institute of Technology (NITK)-Surathkal. His research area include: Monitoring of machine vibrations and their control in real time, smart materials and their applications in vibration control. Mr A.B. Pai obtained his BTech (Mechanical Engineering) from UBDT College of Engineering, Davangere. Currently pursuing his MTech (Mechatronics Engineering) at National Institute of Technology (NITK)-Surathkal. Presently, he is involved in the MR fluid based damper design and studying its applications in vibration damping in automobiles. His area of interests include: Vibration monitoring and its control, smart materials and their application in vibration control. Mr Prashant Kumar Tripathi received his MTech (Mechatronics) from National Institute of Technology, Karnataka, in 2012. His area of research is NVH simulations and testing for electrical drives and static, dynamic simulations for power tools. He is an active researcher in the field of NVH testing for Automobile Alternators and FEA Simulations with interface for transfer of electromagnetic forces. Dr K.V. Gangadharan received his ME from NIT Trichy, in 1992; BTech (Mechanical Engineering) from Calicut University, in 1989 and PhD from IIT Madras in 2001. Currently working as a Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Surathkal, Karnataka. His areas of research are system design, vibration and its control, smart material and its applications in vibration control, dynamics, and finite element analysis, condition monitoring and experimental methods in vibration
| 2020-04-08T23:53:39 |
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http://shyuezhong.com/HDIRQmfbA5a4E.xml
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欧美人与ZOXXXX视频 -第（561）集
203 Pages
The align environment is used for two or more equations when vertical alignment is desired; usually binary relations such as equal signs are aligned.
American Mathematical Society, User's Guide for the amsmath Package欧美人与ZOXXXX视频 -第（561）集
Introduction to align
For all intents and purposes, the align environment is a replacement for the eqnarray environment and all its warts. Rather than
\begin{eqnarray*}
x^2 + y^2 &=& 1 \\
y &=& \sqrt{1 - x^2},
\end{eqnarray*}
one can type
\begin{align*}
x^2 + y^2 &= 1 \\
y &= \sqrt{1 - x^2}.
\end{align*}
Benefits over eqnarray
Besides the slightly simpler syntax, you side-step bugs documented by Lars Madsen for The PracTeX Journal, such as
• inconsistent spacing around binary symbols,
• overwriting equation numbers, and
• silent label mismatch.
Multiple equations on one line
Besides being used for aligning binary symbols, the ampersand can also mark an invisible alignment for separating columns of equations. For example,
\begin{align}
u &= \arctan x & dv &= 1 \, dx \\
du &= \frac{1}{1 + x^2}dx & v &= x.
\end{align}
produces:
Preamble
To use align, import the amsmath package in your preamble.
.....
\usepackage{amsmath}
.....
\begin{align}
i_t & = \sigma(W_{xi}x_t+W_{hi}h_{t-1}+W_{ci}c_{t-1}+b_i)\\\\
f_t & = \sigma(W_{xf}x_t+W_{hf}h_{t-1}+W_{cf}c_{t-1}+b_f)\\\\
c_t & = f_t\odot c_{t-1}+i_t\odot tanh(W_{xc}x_t+W_{hc}h_{t-1}+b_c)\\\\
o_t & = \sigma(W_{xo}x_t+W_{ho}h_{t-1}+W_{co}c_{t}+b_o)\\\\
h_t & = o_t\odot tanh(c_t)\\\\
\end{align}
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| 2021-06-16T17:36:29 |
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https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/University_Physics/Exercises_(University_Physics)/Exercises%3A_College_Physics_(OpenStax)/34%3A_Frontiers_of_Physics_(Exercises)
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# 34: Frontiers of Physics (Exercises)
## Conceptual Questions
#### 34.1: Cosmology and Particle Physics
1. Explain why it only appears that we are at the center of expansion of the universe and why an observer in another galaxy would see the same relative motion of all but the closest galaxies away from her.
2. If there is no observable edge to the universe, can we determine where its center of expansion is? Explain.
3. If the universe is infinite, does it have a center? Discuss.
4. Another known cause of red shift in light is the source being in a high gravitational field. Discuss how this can be eliminated as the source of galactic red shifts, given that the shifts are proportional to distance and not to the size of the galaxy.
5. If some unknown cause of red shift—such as light becoming “tired” from traveling long distances through empty space—is discovered, what effect would there be on cosmology?
6. Olbers’s paradox poses an interesting question: If the universe is infinite, then any line of sight should eventually fall on a star’s surface. Why then is the sky dark at night? Discuss the commonly accepted evolution of the universe as a solution to this paradox.
7. If the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) is the remnant of the Big Bang’s fireball, we expect to see hot and cold regions in it. What are two causes of these wrinkles in the CMBR? Are the observed temperature variations greater or less than originally expected?
8. The decay of one type of $$\displaystyle K$$-meson is cited as evidence that nature favors matter over antimatter. Since mesons are composed of a quark and an antiquark, is it surprising that they would preferentially decay to one type over another? Is this an asymmetry in nature? Is the predominance of matter over antimatter an asymmetry?
9. Distances to local galaxies are determined by measuring the brightness of stars, called Cepheid variables, that can be observed individually and that have absolute brightnesses at a standard distance that are well known. Explain how the measured brightness would vary with distance as compared with the absolute brightness.
10. Distances to very remote galaxies are estimated based on their apparent type, which indicate the number of stars in the galaxy, and their measured brightness. Explain how the measured brightness would vary with distance. Would there be any correction necessary to compensate for the red shift of the galaxy (all distant galaxies have significant red shifts)? Discuss possible causes of uncertainties in these measurements.
11. If the smallest meaningful time interval is greater than zero, will the lines in Figure ever meet?
#### 34.2: General Relativity and Quantum Gravity
12. Quantum gravity, if developed, would be an improvement on both general relativity and quantum mechanics, but more mathematically difficult. Under what circumstances would it be necessary to use quantum gravity? Similarly, under what circumstances could general relativity be used? When could special relativity, quantum mechanics, or classical physics be used?
13. Does observed gravitational lensing correspond to a converging or diverging lens? Explain briefly.
14. Suppose you measure the red shifts of all the images produced by gravitational lensing, such as in Figure.You find that the central image has a red shift less than the outer images, and those all have the same red shift. Discuss how this not only shows that the images are of the same object, but also implies that the red shift is not affected by taking different paths through space. Does it imply that cosmological red shifts are not caused by traveling through space (light getting tired, perhaps)?
15. What are gravitational waves, and have they yet been observed either directly or indirectly?
16. Is the event horizon of a black hole the actual physical surface of the object?
17. Suppose black holes radiate their mass away and the lifetime of a black hole created by a supernova is about 1067 years. How does this lifetime compare with the accepted age of the universe? Is it surprising that we do not observe the predicted characteristic radiation?
#### 34.4: Dark Matter and Closure
18. Discuss the possibility that star velocities at the edges of galaxies being greater than expected is due to unknown properties of gravity rather than to the existence of dark matter. Would this mean, for example, that gravity is greater or smaller than expected at large distances? Are there other tests that could be made of gravity at large distances, such as observing the motions of neighboring galaxies?
19. How does relativistic time dilation prohibit neutrino oscillations if they are massless?
20. If neutrino oscillations do occur, will they violate conservation of the various lepton family numbers $$\displaystyle (L_e, L_μ,$$ and $$\displaystyle L_τ)$$? Will neutrino oscillations violate conservation of the total number of leptons?
21. Lacking direct evidence of WIMPs as dark matter, why must we eliminate all other possible explanations based on the known forms of matter before we invoke their existence?
#### 34.5: Complexity and Chaos
22. Must a complex system be adaptive to be of interest in the field of complexity? Give an example to support your answer.
23. State a necessary condition for a system to be chaotic.
#### 34.6: High-temperature Superconductors
24. What is critical temperature $$\displaystyle T_c$$? Do all materials have a critical temperature? Explain why or why not.
25. Explain how good thermal contact with liquid nitrogen can keep objects at a temperature of 77 K (liquid nitrogen’s boiling point at atmospheric pressure).
26. Not only is liquid nitrogen a cheaper coolant than liquid helium, its boiling point is higher (77 K vs. 4.2 K). How does higher temperature help lower the cost of cooling a material? Explain in terms of the rate of heat transfer being related to the temperature difference between the sample and its surroundings.
#### 34.7: Some Questions We Know to Ask
27. For experimental evidence, particularly of previously unobserved phenomena, to be taken seriously it must be reproducible or of sufficiently high quality that a single observation is meaningful. Supernova 1987A is not reproducible. How do we know observations of it were valid? The fifth force is not broadly accepted. Is this due to lack of reproducibility or poor-quality experiments (or both)? Discuss why forefront experiments are more subject to observational problems than those involving established phenomena.
28. Discuss whether you think there are limits to what humans can understand about the laws of physics. Support your arguments.
## Problems & Exercises
#### 34.1: Cosmology and Particle Physics
29. Find the approximate mass of the luminous matter in the Milky Way galaxy, given it has approximately $$\displaystyle 10^{11}$$ stars of average mass 1.5 times that of our Sun.
Solution
$$\displaystyle 3×10^{41}kg$$
30. Find the approximate mass of the dark and luminous matter in the Milky Way galaxy. Assume the luminous matter is due to approximately 1011 stars of average mass 1.5 times that of our Sun, and take the dark matter to be 10 times as massive as the luminous matter.
31. (a) Estimate the mass of the luminous matter in the known universe, given there are $$\displaystyle 10^{11}$$ galaxies, each containing $$\displaystyle 10^{11}$$ stars of average mass 1.5 times that of our Sun.
(b) How many protons (the most abundant nuclide) are there in this mass?
(c) Estimate the total number of particles in the observable universe by multiplying the answer to (b) by two, since there is an electron for each proton, and then by $$\displaystyle 10^9$$, since there are far more particles (such as photons and neutrinos) in space than in luminous matter.
Solution
(a) $$\displaystyle 3×10^{52}kg$$
(b) $$\displaystyle 2×10^{79}$$
(c) $$\displaystyle 4×10^{88}$$
32. If a galaxy is 500 Mly away from us, how fast do we expect it to be moving and in what direction?
33. On average, how far away are galaxies that are moving away from us at 2.0% of the speed of light?
Solution
0.30 Gly
34. Our solar system orbits the center of the Milky Way galaxy. Assuming a circular orbit 30,000 ly in radius and an orbital speed of 250 km/s, how many years does it take for one revolution? Note that this is approximate, assuming constant speed and circular orbit, but it is representative of the time for our system and local stars to make one revolution around the galaxy.
35. (a) What is the approximate speed relative to us of a galaxy near the edge of the known universe, some 10 Gly away?
(b) What fraction of the speed of light is this? Note that we have observed galaxies moving away from us at greater than $$\displaystyle 0.9c$$.
Solution
(a) $$\displaystyle 2.0×10^5km/s$$
(b) 0.67c
36. (a) Calculate the approximate age of the universe from the average value of the Hubble constant, $$\displaystyle H_0=20km/s⋅Mly$$. To do this, calculate the time it would take to travel 1 Mly at a constant expansion rate of 20 km/s.
(b) If deceleration is taken into account, would the actual age of the universe be greater or less than that found here? Explain.
37. Assuming a circular orbit for the Sun about the center of the Milky Way galaxy, calculate its orbital speed using the following information: The mass of the galaxy is equivalent to a single mass $$\displaystyle 1.5×10^{11}$$ times that of the Sun (or $$\displaystyle 3×10^{41}kg$$), located 30,000 ly away.
Solution
$$\displaystyle 2.7×10^5m/s$$
38. (a) What is the approximate force of gravity on a 70-kg person due to the Andromeda galaxy, assuming its total mass is $$\displaystyle 10^{13}$$ that of our Sun and acts like a single mass 2 Mly away?
(b) What is the ratio of this force to the person’s weight? Note that Andromeda is the closest large galaxy.
39. Andromeda galaxy is the closest large galaxy and is visible to the naked eye. Estimate its brightness relative to the Sun, assuming it has luminosity $$\displaystyle 10^{12}$$ times that of the Sun and lies 2 Mly away.
Solution
$$\displaystyle 6×10^{−11}$$ (an overestimate, since some of the light from Andromeda is blocked by gas and dust within that galaxy)
40. (a) A particle and its antiparticle are at rest relative to an observer and annihilate (completely destroying both masses), creating two γ rays of equal energy. What is the characteristic γ-ray energy you would look for if searching for evidence of proton-antiproton annihilation? (The fact that such radiation is rarely observed is evidence that there is very little antimatter in the universe.)
(b) How does this compare with the 0.511-MeV energy associated with electron-positron annihilation?
41. The average particle energy needed to observe unification of forces is estimated to be $$\displaystyle 10^{19}GeV.$$
(a) What is the rest mass in kilograms of a particle that has a rest mass of $$\displaystyle 10^{19}GeV/c^2$$?
(b) How many times the mass of a hydrogen atom is this?
Solution
(a) $$\displaystyle 2×10^{−8}kg$$
(b) $$\displaystyle 1×10^{19}$$
42. The peak intensity of the CMBR occurs at a wavelength of 1.1 mm.
(a) What is the energy in eV of a 1.1-mm photon?
(b) There are approximately $$\displaystyle 10^9$$ photons for each massive particle in deep space. Calculate the energy of $$\displaystyle 10^9$$ such photons.
(c) If the average massive particle in space has a mass half that of a proton, what energy would be created by converting its mass to energy?
(d) Does this imply that space is “matter dominated”? Explain briefly.
43. (a) What Hubble constant corresponds to an approximate age of the universe of $$\displaystyle 10^{10}y$$? To get an approximate value, assume the expansion rate is constant and calculate the speed at which two galaxies must move apart to be separated by 1 Mly (present average galactic separation) in a time of $$\displaystyle 10^{10}y$$.
(b) Similarly, what Hubble constant corresponds to a universe approximately $$\displaystyle 2×10^{10}-y$$ old?
Solution
(a) 30km/s⋅Mly
(b) 15km/s⋅Mly
44. Show that the velocity of a star orbiting its galaxy in a circular orbit is inversely proportional to the square root of its orbital radius, assuming the mass of the stars inside its orbit acts like a single mass at the center of the galaxy. You may use an equation from a previous chapter to support your conclusion, but you must justify its use and define all terms used.
45. The core of a star collapses during a supernova, forming a neutron star. Angular momentum of the core is conserved, and so the neutron star spins rapidly. If the initial core radius is $$\displaystyle 5.0×10^5km$$ and it collapses to 10.0 km, find the neutron star’s angular velocity in revolutions per second, given the core’s angular velocity was originally 1 revolution per 30.0 days.
Solution
960 rev/s
46. Using data from the previous problem, find the increase in rotational kinetic energy, given the core’s mass is 1.3 times that of our Sun. Where does this increase in kinetic energy come from?
47. Distances to the nearest stars (up to 500 ly away) can be measured by a technique called parallax, as shown in Figure. What are the angles $$\displaystyle θ_1$$ and $$\displaystyle θ_2$$ relative to the plane of the Earth’s orbit for a star 4.0 ly directly above the Sun?
Solution
$$\displaystyle 89.999773º$$ (many digits are used to show the difference between $$\displaystyle 90º$$)
48. (a) Use the Heisenberg uncertainty principle to calculate the uncertainty in energy for a corresponding time interval of $$\displaystyle 10^{−43}s$$.
(b) Compare this energy with the $$\displaystyle 10^{19}GeV$$ unification-of-forces energy and discuss why they are similar.
Consider a star moving in a circular orbit at the edge of a galaxy. Construct a problem in which you calculate the mass of that galaxy in kg and in multiples of the solar mass based on the velocity of the star and its distance from the center of the galaxy.
Distances to nearby stars are measured using triangulation, also called the parallax method. The angle of line of sight to the star is measured at intervals six months apart, and the distance is calculated by using the known diameter of the Earth’s orbit. This can be done for stars up to about 500 ly away.
#### 34.2: General Relativity and Quantum Gravity
50. What is the Schwarzschild radius of a black hole that has a mass eight times that of our Sun? Note that stars must be more massive than the Sun to form black holes as a result of a supernova.
Solution
23.6 km
51. Black holes with masses smaller than those formed in supernovas may have been created in the Big Bang. Calculate the radius of one that has a mass equal to the Earth’s.
52. Supermassive black holes are thought to exist at the center of many galaxies.
(a) What is the radius of such an object if it has a mass of $$\displaystyle 10^9$$ Suns?
(b) What is this radius in light years?
Solution
(a) $$\displaystyle 2.95×10^{12}m$$
(b) $$\displaystyle 3.12×10^{−4}ly$$
Consider a supermassive black hole near the center of a galaxy. Calculate the radius of such an object based on its mass. You must consider how much mass is reasonable for these large objects, and which is now nearly directly observed. (Information on black holes posted on the Web by NASA and other agencies is reliable, for example.)
#### 34.3: Superstrings
54. The characteristic length of entities in Superstring theory is approximately $$\displaystyle 10^{−35}m$$.
(a) Find the energy in GeV of a photon of this wavelength.
(b) Compare this with the average particle energy of $$\displaystyle 10^{19}GeV$$ needed for unification of forces.
Solution
(a) $$\displaystyle 1×10^{20}$$
(b) 10 times greater
#### 34.4: Dark Matter and Closure
55. If the dark matter in the Milky Way were composed entirely of MACHOs (evidence shows it is not), approximately how many would there have to be? Assume the average mass of a MACHO is 1/1000 that of the Sun, and that dark matter has a mass 10 times that of the luminous Milky Way galaxy with its $$\displaystyle 10^{11}$$ stars of average mass 1.5 times the Sun’s mass.
Solution
$$\displaystyle 1.5×10^{15}$$
56. The critical mass density needed to just halt the expansion of the universe is approximately $$\displaystyle 10^{−26}kg/m^3$$.
(a) Convert this to $$\displaystyle eV/c^2⋅m^3$$.
(b) Find the number of neutrinos per cubic meter needed to close the universe if their average mass is $$\displaystyle 7eV/c^2$$ and they have negligible kinetic energies.
57. Assume the average density of the universe is 0.1 of the critical density needed for closure. What is the average number of protons per cubic meter, assuming the universe is composed mostly of hydrogen?
Solution
$$\displaystyle 0.6m^{−3}$$
68. To get an idea of how empty deep space is on the average, perform the following calculations:
(a) Find the volume our Sun would occupy if it had an average density equal to the critical density of $$\displaystyle 10^{−26}kg/m^3$$ thought necessary to halt the expansion of the universe.
(b) Find the radius of a sphere of this volume in light years.
(c) What would this radius be if the density were that of luminous matter, which is approximately 5% that of the critical density?
(d) Compare the radius found in part (c) with the 4-ly average separation of stars in the arms of the Milky Way.
#### 34.6: High-temperature Superconductors
69. A section of superconducting wire carries a current of 100 A and requires 1.00 L of liquid nitrogen per hour to keep it below its critical temperature. For it to be economically advantageous to use a superconducting wire, the cost of cooling the wire must be less than the cost of energy lost to heat in the wire. Assume that the cost of liquid nitrogen is $0.30 per liter, and that electric energy costs$0.10 per kW·h. What is the resistance of a normal wire that costs as much in wasted electric energy as the cost of liquid nitrogen for the superconductor?
Solution
0.30 Ω
### Contributors
• Paul Peter Urone (Professor Emeritus at California State University, Sacramento) and Roger Hinrichs (State University of New York, College at Oswego) with Contributing Authors: Kim Dirks (University of Auckland) and Manjula Sharma (University of Sydney). This work is licensed by OpenStax University Physics under a Creative Commons Attribution License (by 4.0).
| 2020-04-06T22:28:06 |
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|
https://tjyj.stats.gov.cn/CN/10.19343/j.cnki.11-1302/c.2019.09.009
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• •
混频时间序列的潜在因子分析及其应用
• 出版日期:2019-09-25 发布日期:2019-09-25
Latent Factor Analysis for Time Series with Mixed Frequencies and Its Application
Qin Lei et al.
• Online:2019-09-25 Published:2019-09-25
Abstract: Time series generated by macroeconomics are usually assumed to be controlled by a few latent factors. The joint effects of factors lead to the co-movement of series. Factors are important in the analysis and forecasting of time series. However, empirical macroeconomic studies always contain time series with mixed frequencies, which make factor analysis impossible to implement. To this end, this paper proposes two factor analysis methods for time series with mixed frequencies, namely MIDAS-LF and EM-LF. The former benefits from the interpolation of low-frequency sequences by the multivariate MIDAS model, while the latter uses the EM algorithm for iterative solution. The simulation data analysis shows that, compared with methods existing in the literature, MIDAS-LF is better for the analysis of time series with mixed frequencies. The calculation procedure of MIDAS-LF is simple and retains most of the information in original data, which can better estimate the factors and loading matrix, leading to low fitting error and prediction error. The actual data analysis of the macro-economy also confirms the feasibility and correctness of the proposed methods.
| 2022-07-03T11:38:56 |
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https://publications.drdo.gov.in/ojs/index.php/dsj/article/download/295/4773
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Estimation of Life of an Elastomeric Component: A Stochastic Model
Life of equipment has been an area of great importance to engineers, however, largely unexplored. In the case of elastomers, this becomes more critical because of faster degradation in properties of the elastomers, and thereby performance of the elastomeric item, when compared to metals-the degradation referred to as aging of the elastomer. The present work focuses on the development of a stochastic model for estimating life of a vibration isolator, which finds many defence applications, to attenuate noise and vibration from the machinery. A majority of the vibration isolators use rubber for attenuation, and therefore, the life of the isolator invariably depends on the life of the rubber. The methodology of life estimation has been based on the Arrhenius theory of chemical kinetics and is applicable where the material degrades relatively faster at higher temperature so that the degradation rates can be studied. Statistical techniques have been applied to arrive at a reliable estimation. The method can be used for reliable estimation of storage life of elastomeric products, and thereby help to maintain cost-effective inventory.
Elastomeric products, like vibration isolators, rubber seals, etc., are commonly used for long-term applications in the industry/defence. A vibration isolator provides attenuation to the vibration and noise generated by the machinery and finds a number of applications in the defence sector, like onboard naval ships, missiles, etc. The key element in majority of the vibration isolators is the rubber, an elastomer, which dampens the vibration considerably, and thus provides attenuation. Similarly, seals of various types and other elastomeric products are used extensively in defence. When the elastomeric products are manufactured, these are supplied to the user in an optimum state for the desired performance. Before being put to service, many a times, these products are stored for a considerable period of time. However, the physical and dynamic properties of these products degrade with time and the performance deteriorates, mainly due to the degradation of the elastomeric material. The degradation of the elastomeric material is commonly referred to as ageing. Various factors contribute to the ageing of an elastomer, the important ones being oxygen, temperature, UV rays, ozone, etc. Therefore, it is imperative for the user to know the storage life, also called the shelf life, of these products. Interest in this area is high and a number of papers have been published on the estimation of shelf life as well as the service life of an elastomer by various authors, using the principle of accelerated ageing. These tests are carried out for two distinct purposes. Firstly, these are intended to measure changes in the elastomer at the (elevated) service temperature or, secondly, these can be used as accelerated tests to estimate the degree of change, which would take place over much longer times at normal ambient temperature1. A series of accelerated exposure tests were performed by Itoh2, et al. on various rubber materials including high damping rubber (HDR) to investigate the degradation due to different environmental factors. It was found that the thermal oxidation is the most predominant degradation factor affecting the HDR material.
Mainly two models exist in the literature on life estimation of an elastomer, namely, Arrhenius model and WLF model. There are also some variants to these main models. Le Huy3, et al. carried out research work on shelf life and service life estimation of rubber using Arrhenius and WLF models. They have concluded that WLF model is appropriate for lifetime predictions when polymer ageing is controlled by a viscoelastic process (e.g., relaxation, creep), as in the case of service life. On the other hand, when physio- chemical mechanisms are dominant, the Arrhenius model is the most widely used model for evaluating accelerated test results involving the effect of temperature. Mandel4, et al. studied the tread wear of tires, i.e. the service life. These works mainly indicate the methodologies to be followed for life estimation. The aim of the present work is to augment the work carried out by other researchers in the field by making the estimation of life reliable. The shelf life of nitrile rubber, used in various engineering applications, has been studied using the technique of accelerated ageing and subsequent application of Arrhenius theory. The estimate of shelf life has been rendered more reliable by developing a stochastic model, incorporating the statistical techniques.
The work gains significance because it being a reliable estimate of the shelf life of the elastomeric products, inventory of these products can be judiciously maintained. Not only this, as noted earlier, some of the products, like vibration isolators are used onboard naval ships, where it is required to be known whether a particular isolatormount can be stored safely for a certain duration of time before putting it into service.
The method of accelerated ageing involves first heating the elastomer samples at higher temperatures, so that the degradation of a property is faster. This can then be related to similar level of degradation at a lower temperature, but at scaled-up time. In other words, if the degradation of a property is studied at an elevated temperature, it is possible to predict the time at which a similar degradation can be expected at the actual temperature. Hence, this can be used to predict life, if cut-off level for the drop in property is defined. The underlying assumption is that the mechanism for the degradation of the rubber property remains the same at different elevated temperatures as that at the storage temperature.
The test methodology for life estimation of an elastomer is traceable to Arrhenius’ theory of thermal acceleration of reaction kinetics and the concept of the activation energy of a process5. With rise in temperature, the state of a chemical reaction increases. For many organic-chemical reactions, a temperature rise of 10 °C translates to about 2 to 3 times higher reaction rate6. The temperature dependence of chemical reactions is described by the Arrhenius equation6 as:
$K\left(T\right)\text{\hspace{0.17em}}=\text{\hspace{0.17em}}A.\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{\text{e}}^{E/RT}$ (1)
where, K(T) is reaction rate constant (min-1)
A is pre-exponential factor (min-1)
E is activation energy (J/mol)
R is gas constant (8,314 J/mol K)
T is absolute temperature (K)
The following relation gives the state of a chemical reaction6:
${F}_{x}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left(T,t\right)\text{\hspace{0.17em}}=\text{\hspace{0.17em}}K\left(T\right).\text{\hspace{0.17em}}t$ (2)
where, Fx(T, t) is function of the state of the reaction x, and t is reaction time (min)
The state of the reaction, Fx(T, t) may be related to the value of any property of interest. Consequent to different reaction rates Ki for different temperatures Ti, the threshold value Fa of a reaction will be reached at different reaction times ti (equal-value times), e.g., t1 to t4 as shown in Fig. 1 (T1 > T2 > T3 > T4).
The threshold value is given by the equation
${F}_{a}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\left({T}_{i},{t}_{i}\right)\text{\hspace{0.17em}}=\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{K}_{i}\left({T}_{i}\right).\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{t}_{i}$ (3)
The Arrhenius equation Eqn (1) can be substituted in Eqn (3) as follows :
${F}_{a}\left({T}_{i},{t}_{i}\right)\text{\hspace{0.17em}}=\text{\hspace{0.17em}}A.{\text{e}}^{-E/RTi}.\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{t}_{i}$ (4)
or, in logarithmic form with the constant terms combined in one term B, we get
$\mathrm{ln}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{t}_{i}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}=\text{\hspace{0.17em}}E/R{T}_{i}+B$ (5)
Hence, a plot of ln(t) versus 1/T gives a straightline with the slope being E/R, known as the Arrhenius plot, a sample plot shown in Fig. 2. Extrapolating this line to the temperature of interest (Ts) can indicate the estimated life (ts).
Therefore, if the degradation in a property of an elastomer is taken as thermally-activated molecular process with constant activation energy, the Arrhenius equation can be used to estimate long-term behaviour of the elastomer.
Among different degradation factors noted above, it was found by Yoshida7, et al. that thermal oxidation changes the HDR properties more than the other factors, resulting in an increase in HDR’s stiffness and a decrease in elongation at break as well as tensile strength. In the present work, too accelerated tests were performed on rubber samples, focusing on the most significant degradation factor, i.e. thermal oxidation.
4.1 Selection of Various Parameters
4.1.1 Selection of the Ageing Temperatures
The ageing temperatures were so chosen such that the chemical reaction at each temperature was identical to the one at the shelf temperature6. For nitrile rubber, beyond 110 °C-120 °C, there is a change in the type of reaction, which has implications. Hence this limits the maximum ageing temperature. The ageing temperatures should be chosen such that6:
• The time to attain the threshold values at the lowest ageing temperature is at least 1000 h.
• Likewise, the highest temperature should be chosen such that the time taken to attain the threshold is not <100 h.
In view of the above considerations, a range of 60 °C to 120 °C was chosen. The ageing temperatures selected thus were 120°C, 100°C, 90°C, 80°C, 70°C and 60°C.
4.1.2 Selection of Properties for Life Estimation
The properties chosen should be of significance. Their selection varies from product to product. In the present study, a number of static and dynamic properties were chosen. Under the static properties, the study was carried out for tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness, and stress relaxation in compression. In the dynamic category, dynamic modulus and damping factor were studied. A survey of the literature indicated that the elongation at break had been preferentially used for prediction of long-time behaviour of rubber. Results of the study for five rubbers have been given by Mandel4, et al. in which elongation at break was used as the measure of degradation. In the present work, though the study has been conducted for a number of properties, it was observed that the elongation at break gave the best representation of the state of degradation for studying the shelf life. This has been discussed further.
4.1.3 Selection of Threshold Value of Life
The threshold value should be chosen to suit the conditions of use. It was selected as 50 per cent of the initial value of the property6.
4.2 Experimental Procedure
The test specimens for different tests were made from the rubber blocks, which were used in the manufacture of the vibration isolator. The test specimens were prepared in line with applicable ASTM standards, indicated below. The ageing studies of the test specimens were carried out in air circulating ovens. Tests for tensile strength and elongation at break were conducted using the Universal Testing Machine, as per ASTM D 4128. The hardness test was performed on hardness tester, as per ASTM D 22409. Test for stress relaxation was carried out using stress relaxometer, in accordance with ASTM D 139010, while the dynamic tests for dynamic modulus and damping factor were performed using dynamic mechanical analyser, as per ASTM D 599211.
It may be noted that out of the six properties measured, four properties namely, tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness, and stress relaxation are related to the static performance of the mounts while dynamic modulus and damping are related to the dynamic performance of the mounts. Dynamic modulus and damping were measured to gain an inside view of the dynamic property of the rubber material. However, these two properties were not studied for shelf life estimation, as no dynamic loading is applicable during the storage period, and the data showed considerable scattering.
From the tests, it was found that the tensile strength data did not follow proper trend, it increased and decreased abnormally. This property, therefore, was not used for further study. The data pertaining to hardness and stress relaxation showed relatively less fluctuation, however the Arrhenius plots for these properties were observed to be deviating considerably from straight lines. Figures 3 and 4 show the respective Arrhenius plots. These properties too, therefore, were abandoned from the scope of study.
As indicated in Section 4.1.2, elongation at break has been used by various authors for life estimation study of elastomers. In the present case too, it was observed that the data pertaining to elongation at break were very much consistent at each temperature. Therefore, further study was carried out with this property.
The ageing data at 120 °C was found to be inconsistent when viewed with the data at other temperatures. It was observed that this temperature is too high for the present rubber sample where 50 per cent drop in the property was observed within just three days, and therefore, the test data at 120 °C were rejected for further analysis. On the other hand, degradation at 60 °C was observed to be very slow, and therefore, was not considered for further analysis.
In view of the observations made, analysis of test results as per Arrhenius model was restricted to four temperatures, i.e. 100 °C, 90 °C, 80 °C and 70 °C. The curves of elongation at break versus time data (log h) have been plotted and shown in Fig 5. The degradation curves for elongation at break at 70 °C, 80 °C and 90 °C were observed to be of similar pattern, except for that at 100°C. If the patterns of curves are the same at different temperatures, then identical reaction of the rubber may be considered, which is a precondition for Arrhenius model. Therefore, it was concluded that reaction at 100 °C was not the same as that at other temperatures. Thus, data at 100 °C were not considered for further analyses.
The Arrhenius plot based on the three remaining temperatures, namely 90 °C, 80 °C and 70 °C is shown in Fig. 6. On examining Fig. 6, it was observed that the three data points corresponding to 90 °C, 80 °C, and 70 °C were almost in a straight line, i.e., the best-fit line was passing very closely through the data points. This was reflected in the R2 value (= 0.992) also, which was very close to unity. The value of R2 quantifies goodness of fit, having a fractional value between 0.0 and 1.0. A higher value indicates that the model fits the data better. The straight line through the three data points was extrapolated to the storage temperature, i.e. 27 °C, and the life from the curve worked out to be 13.24 years for 50 per cent degradation as the threshold for life.
Historically, the vast majority of accelerated ageing studies have utilised the Arrhenius methodology. However, as pointed out by Wise12, et al., the estimation by this method may give little confidence due to non-Arrhenius behaviour. As experienced by the authors, the non-Arrhenius behaviour, however, can partly be avoided by discarding temperatures where the degradation pattern differs substantially from that at other temperatures, and also by selecting the ageing temperature closer to the shelf temperature or the temperature of use. In addition, the estimation can be rendered more reliable by incorporating statistical techniques, as elaborated here.
It may be noted that at each temperature, measurement of the property at a particular time was carried out on several samples. Therefore, for an ageing temperature, a set of values of the property, i.e. elongation at break, was available at a particular time. The mean of these property values was obtained at each time to generate the degradation plot of the property, i.e., the property vs time plot at that particular temperature. Thus, essentially the raw data points were replaced by corresponding averages. This may be said to be an exercise in point estimation. However, each datum point is actually representative of a data distribution. A sample raw data plot for a particular temperature is indicated in Fig. 7.
From the Fig. 7, it is evident that the raw data varies within some range; simple averageing may not be appropriate to estimate life and statistical techniques could be employed for a more reliable estimate. This has been discussed below wherein the concepts of sample/ population mean and confidence interval have been employed for working out a reliable model of shelf life estimation.
As noted above, each datum point is characterised by ageing temperature at which the relevant samples have been aged (T), the time duration for which the samples have been aged (t), and different sample values of the property. The values of the property at a particular temperature and time are theoretically expected to be identical for all the samples, but are observed to be different in practice even though enough care is taken in following the correct experimental procedure. This is in line with the normal experimental method. The difference is attributable to various causes, like difference in curing of different rubber samples, error in measurement, air flow variation at different locations within the oven, localised variations in temperature inside the oven, etc. Hence, the different experimental values can be treated as a statistical data distribution.
For cases in which the errors are likely to be equally positive as well as negative, the smooth distribution of an infinite number of readings coincides with the Gaussian or normal distribution13,14. The Gaussian distribution has been found to describe more real cases of experimental and instrument variability than any other distribution and is the one assumed in the present work.
The equation for the Gaussian distribution is
$f\left(X\right)\text{\hspace{0.17em}}=\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\frac{1}{\text{σ}\sqrt{2\text{π}}}{e}^{-{\left(X-\text{μ}\right)}^{2}/2{\text{σ}}^{{}^{2}}}$ (6)
where, f(X) dX is the probability that a single measurement of X will lie between X and X + dX, μ is the distribution mean and σ is the distribution standard deviation.
The above description assumes a Gaussian parent population, which would be well-described if infinite number of samples are taken. However, it is not possible to take infinite number of samples. Thus, the concept of sample population and sample standard deviation comes into the picture. The mean or average of the sample population is defined by
$\overline{X}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}=\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\frac{1}{N}\sum _{i=1}^{N}{X}_{i}$ (7)
where, N is the number of individual readings Xi. The sample standard deviation is given by
${S}_{X}=\text{\hspace{0.17em}}{\left[\frac{1}{N-1}\sum _{i=1}^{N}{\left({X}_{i}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}-\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\overline{X}\right)}^{2}\right]}^{1/2}$ (8)
According to the central limit theorem of statistics, irrespective of the shape of the distribution of the population or universe, the distribution of average values of samples drawn from that universe will tend toward a normal distribution as the sample size grows without bound15.
7.1 Confidence Intervals in Sample Populations
The confidence interval of the mean defines a band about the calculated sample mean within which the population mean is expected to lie for a given sample confidence/ probability level. This interval can be defined for each datum point, i.e. for each mean value of the property at a particular temperature and at a particular time. Mathematically, it is denoted as follows14:
$\text{α}\text{\hspace{0.17em}}=\text{\hspace{0.17em}}N\left(p\right)×\text{\hspace{0.17em}}\text{σ}/\sqrt{n}$ (9)
where, N(p) is the value of normal function for a probability p, σ is the standard deviation of the sample and n is the sample, size.
From above, it may be deduced that one can define a standard normal distribution for each datum point. This will enable one to indicate the expectation for values of elongation at break at that duration and temperature of ageing, i.e., it is possible to have a maximum value, a minimum value, and a mean value of the expected population mean of elongation at break, aged at a temperature, T for duration t, for a particular confidence level, and thus three estimates of life can be made.
As brought out in section 7 three property degradation curves for each ageing temperature, pertaining to a specific confidence level can be defined. From the three curves for each ageing temperature, three durations of time, namely tmin, tmean and tmax were obtained at which the respective curves drop to the threshold level of elongation at break. The terms tmin and tmax represent the bounds of an interval within which the property is expected to drop to the threshold value of life with a defined probability. Plots of the three curves pertaining to the ageing temperature of 70 °C are shown in Fig. 8.
It is clear form the above, that three Arrhenius plots can be made respectively for tmin, tmean and tmax after obtaining all such values at all ageing temperatures.
The extrapolation of these three plots would give three estimates of life, i.e., lmin, lmean and lmax. Hence the interval (lminlmax) was obtained within which the life was expected to fall with a defined confidence. The three Arrhenius plots are shown in Fig. 9.
In the present work, life has been estimated within a range as against a single value. In statistical terms, interval estimation has been carried out as opposed to point estimation. The lower limit of the range can form a sound basis for the estimation of life. Analysis was carried out at the confidence level of 0.99. The result for 99 per cent confidence level is indicated in Table 1. It was observed that if the confidence level was increased further, no appreciable change in the lower limit value was obtained. However, accuracy of this model depends on the number of test samples used for ageing at different temperatures. More the number, more accurate will be the estimate of shelf life.
Arrhenius plots for the lower estimate are shown in Fig. 10.
9.1 Other Environmental Factors
The work described so far relates to estimation of shelf/ storage life considering oxidative ageing only, which has been found to be the maximum contributor for ageing, as noted earlier. Other environmental factors, like moisture, fluids, UV light, microorganisms, ozone, etc. have not been factored into this exercise. Even though the effect of these factors may not be of high order, further study is required to estimate the effect of these factors also.
The methodology for a reliable estimation of life of an elastomeric component/product, e.g., a vibration isolator, based on accelerated thermal ageing and the Arrhenius methodology is described. Life of an elastomeric product essentially means life of the elastomer because of faster degradation of the elastomer when compared to metals. Therefore, tests for life estimation are carried out on the elastomer. In the present study, the tests were carried out on a number of rubber samples, as per ISO/ ASTM guidelines. Several properties of the elastomers were selected for the study. However, it was found that the elongation at break best represents the degradation of the elastomer with time for shelf life study, and therefore, is best suitable for the study of shelf life estimation.
Accelerated ageing tests were carried out at different elevated temperatures. However, data pertaining to some of the temperatures had to be discarded since the application of Arrhenius theory demands that the pattern of degradation of the property should be the same for all the temperatures under consideration. For the discarded temperatures, it was observed that the data did not follow the regular patterns, as demonstrated by other data. Statistical techniques, based on Gaussian distribution, were incorporated to undertake a meaningful study, based on the variation in sample data for a particular temperature and time. This led to the development of a stochastic model for life estimation, wherein three estimates of life were obtained. Out of the three estimates of life, lower estimate can be taken as the more confident estimate of shelf/storage life and a practical decision on inventory of elastomeric items can be taken on the basis of this estimate.
The authors express their gratitude to Lt Cdr MA Khan (Retd); Shri AK Patalay, Asst Dir; Shri UP Thakur, Add Dir (Retd), and the Director, Defence Machinery Design Establishment, Secunderabad, for their support, encouragement, and permission to publish this work. The authors are also grateful to Shri PK Das, Dy Dir, Indian Rubber Manufacturers Research Association and Dr MS Banerjee, former Director, IRMRA for their valuable guidance during the course of this research.
1. Brown, Roger. Physical testing of rubber. Chapman & Hall, London, 1996. 342p.
2. Itoh, Y.; Gu, H.S.; Satoh, K. & Kutsuna, Y. Experimental investigation on ageing behaviours of rubbers used for bridge bearings. J. Struc. Mech. Earthquake Engg., JSCE, 2006, I-74(808), 17-31.
3. Le. Huy, M. & Evrand, G. Methodologies for life time prediction of rubber using Arrhenius and WLF models. Die Ange. Makro. Chrmie, 1998, 261-262, 135-42.
4. Mandel, J.; Roth, F.L.; Steel, M.N. & Stiehler, R.D. Measurement of the ageing of rubber vulcanizates. In Proceedings of International Rubber Conference, Washington D.C., November 1959, pp. 221.
5. Klingender, Robert C. Handbook of specialty elastomers. CRC Press, Florida, 2008. 576p.
6. International Organisation for Standardisation. Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic–Estimation of life time and maximum temperature of use from an Arrhenius plot. ISO-11346. Switzerland, 1997.
7. Yoshida, J.; Abe, M. & Fujino, Y. Constitutive model of high-damping rubber materials. J. Engg. Mech., 2004, 130(2), 129-41.
8. Standard test methods for vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic elastomers–Tension. ASTM D 412. Pennsylvania, 2006.
9. Test method for rubber property–durometer hardness. ASTM D 2240. Pennsylvania, 2006.
10. Test methods for rubber property–Stress relaxation in compression. ASTM D 1390. Pennsylvania, 2006.
11. American Standard for Testing of Materials. Standard guide for dynamic testing of vulcanized rubber and rubber-like materials using vibratory methods. ASTM D 5992. Pennsylvania, 2006.
12. Wise, J.; Gillen, K.T. & Cloug, R.L. Prediction of elastomer lifetimes from accelerated thermal ageing experiments. In Polymer durability. American Chemical Society, Washington, 1996. 728p.
13. Coleman, Hugh W. & Steele Glenn W. Experimentation, validation and uncertainty analysis for engineers. John Wiley & Sons, New Jersy, 1989. p.336.
14. Ayyub, Bilal M. & McCuen, Richard H. Probability, statistics and reliability for engineers. CRC Press, Florida, 1997. 528p.
15. Pyzdek, Thomas. Quality engineering handbook. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1999. 680p.
Mr Sachchidanand Das obtained his BTech from IIT Delhi. He is presently working as Asst Dir at DMDE, Secunderabad. His expertise includes life estimation of elastomers and finite element analysis. His current areas of interest include nonlinear finite element analysis, fluid-structure interaction, and noise and vibration studies. Mr A. Roy Chaudhuri obtained his MTech from IIT Madras, Chennai. He is presently working as Addl. Dir at Defence Machinery Design Establishment (DMDE), Secunderabad. His area of work includes shock, noise and vibration, finite element analysis, and design of various equipments for marine applications.
| 2019-10-15T18:49:00 |
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|
https://bison.inl.gov/Documentation/source/materials/tensor_mechanics/MAMOXThermalExpansionEigenstrain.aspx
|
Minor Actinide MOX Fuel Thermal Expansion Eigenstrain
Calculates eigenstrain due to isotropic thermal expansion in MA-MOX fuel using JNM 469 (2016) 223-227 correlations
Description
MA-MOX, or minor actinide bearing mixed oxide fuel, is modeled in Bison as a function of oxygen to metal ratio in the fuel and of temperature, (Kato et al., 2011). The MA-MOX correlations used in this material model were developed by Kato et al. (2016). It is important to note that the correlation currently implemented in Bison is for Pu. (1) where is the temperature (K) and is the stress free temperature thermal expansion strain. The value of the coefficients ( through ) depend on the Oxygen-to-Metal ratio in the fuel and are given in Table 1.
Table 1: Thermal Expansion Coefficient Values as a Function of Oxygen-to-Metal Ratio
Oxygen to Metal RatioThermal Expansion CoefficientCoefficient Value
2.00-0.002869
9.44e-6
2.90e-10
4.10e-13
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.99-0.002915
9.60e-6
2.65e-10
4.20e-13
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.98-0.002950
9.72e-6
2.55e-10
4.35e-13
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.97-0.002990
9.85e-6
2.50e-10
4.50e-13
Example Input Syntax
[./thermal_expansion]
type = MAMOXThermalExpansionEigenstrain
temperature = temperature
stress_free_temperature = 300.0
eigenstrain_name = thermal_expansion
[../]
(test/tests/tensor_mechanics/mamox_mechanics/thermal_expansion.i)
The eigenstrain_name parameter value must also be set for the strain calculator, and an example parameter setting in the Tensor Mechanics Master Action is shown below:
[Modules]
[./TensorMechanics]
[./Master]
[./all]
strain = SMALL
incremental = true
eigenstrain_names = 'thermal_expansion'
generate_output = 'strain_yy strain_xx strain_zz'
[../]
[../]
[../]
[]
(test/tests/tensor_mechanics/mamox_mechanics/thermal_expansion.i)
Input Parameters
• oxygen_to_metal_ratioDeviation from stoichiometry. Options are 2.00, 1.99, 1.98 and 1.97
C++ Type:double
Description:Deviation from stoichiometry. Options are 2.00, 1.99, 1.98 and 1.97
• stress_free_temperatureStress free temperature (does not produce thermal expansion stress) for thermal eigenstrain calculation; set as the initial temperature if value is not specified for the fuel
C++ Type:double
Description:Stress free temperature (does not produce thermal expansion stress) for thermal eigenstrain calculation; set as the initial temperature if value is not specified for the fuel
• temperatureCoupled temperature
C++ Type:std::vector
Description:Coupled temperature
• eigenstrain_nameMaterial property name for the eigenstrain tensor computed by this model. IMPORTANT: The name of this property must also be provided to the strain calculator.
C++ Type:std::string
Description:Material property name for the eigenstrain tensor computed by this model. IMPORTANT: The name of this property must also be provided to the strain calculator.
Required Parameters
• boundaryThe list of boundary IDs from the mesh where this boundary condition applies
C++ Type:std::vector
Description:The list of boundary IDs from the mesh where this boundary condition applies
• computeTrueWhen false, MOOSE will not call compute methods on this material. The user must call computeProperties() after retrieving the Material via MaterialPropertyInterface::getMaterial(). Non-computed Materials are not sorted for dependencies.
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Description:When false, MOOSE will not call compute methods on this material. The user must call computeProperties() after retrieving the Material via MaterialPropertyInterface::getMaterial(). Non-computed Materials are not sorted for dependencies.
• blockThe list of block ids (SubdomainID) that this object will be applied
C++ Type:std::vector
Description:The list of block ids (SubdomainID) that this object will be applied
• base_nameOptional parameter that allows the user to define multiple mechanics material systems on the same block, i.e. for multiple phases
C++ Type:std::string
Description:Optional parameter that allows the user to define multiple mechanics material systems on the same block, i.e. for multiple phases
Optional Parameters
• enableTrueSet the enabled status of the MooseObject.
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Description:Set the enabled status of the MooseObject.
• use_displaced_meshFalseWhether or not this object should use the displaced mesh for computation. Note that in the case this is true but no displacements are provided in the Mesh block the undisplaced mesh will still be used.
Default:False
C++ Type:bool
Description:Whether or not this object should use the displaced mesh for computation. Note that in the case this is true but no displacements are provided in the Mesh block the undisplaced mesh will still be used.
• control_tagsAdds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
C++ Type:std::vector
Description:Adds user-defined labels for accessing object parameters via control logic.
• seed0The seed for the master random number generator
Default:0
C++ Type:unsigned int
Description:The seed for the master random number generator
• implicitTrueDetermines whether this object is calculated using an implicit or explicit form
Default:True
C++ Type:bool
Description:Determines whether this object is calculated using an implicit or explicit form
• constant_onNONEWhen ELEMENT, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps.When SUBDOMAIN, MOOSE will only call computeSubdomainProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps. Evaluations on element qps will be skipped
Default:NONE
C++ Type:MooseEnum
Description:When ELEMENT, MOOSE will only call computeQpProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps.When SUBDOMAIN, MOOSE will only call computeSubdomainProperties() for the 0th quadrature point, and then copy that value to the other qps. Evaluations on element qps will be skipped
• output_propertiesList of material properties, from this material, to output (outputs must also be defined to an output type)
C++ Type:std::vector
Description:List of material properties, from this material, to output (outputs must also be defined to an output type)
• outputsnone Vector of output names were you would like to restrict the output of variables(s) associated with this object
Default:none
C++ Type:std::vector
Description:Vector of output names were you would like to restrict the output of variables(s) associated with this object
References
1. M. Kato, Y. Ikusawa, T. Sunaoshi, A. Nelson, and K. McClellan. Thermal expansion measurement of $(U,Pu)O_2-x$ in oxygen partial pressure-controlled atmosphere. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 469:223–227, 2016.[BibTeX]
2. M. Kato, K. Maeda, T. Ozawa, M. Kashimura, and Y. Kihara. Physical properties and irradiation behavior analysis of Np- and Am-bearing MOX fuels. Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 48:646–653, 2011.[BibTeX]
| 2020-12-04T05:57:27 |
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|
https://wiki.bnl.gov/TECHQM/index.php?title=The_brick_problem_for_Parton_Cascade_Codes
|
# The Brick Problem for Parton Cascade Codes
The brick for Parton Cascades aims at providing a set of benchmarks for Parton Cascade Codes. In particular it allows for the calculation of elastic (collisional) energy-loss in a controlled environment in the framework of microscopic transport models (and for those models incorporating gluon splitting, radiative energy-loss can be addressed as well).
Currently the setup described here is a proposal to the TECHQM community on how to formulate such a Brick for PCMs - it has been worked out through a collaboration of the Duke and Frankfurt groups and will hopefully be adopted by the greater community in the near future.
### Basic Setup:
The basic setup of the problem is to have gluonic matter in a box in thermal equilibrium at a given temperature. Then a hard probe, i.e. a gluon, will be shot through the box at a given initial energy/momentum and its energy (or energy-loss) will be measured as a function of distance (along its trajectory) and as a function of its initial energy.
### Box Definition:
• the box should be a cube of 5 fermi length with periodic boundary conditions, i.e. a gluon leaving the box at x=+5 fm, would re-enter the box at x=0 fm with the same momentum.
• gluons will be initialized according to a thermal momentum distribution at a density of ${\displaystyle n=N/V=(16/\pi ^{2})T^{3}}$
• the box will be initialized at temperatures T=300, 400, 500 and 600 MeV
### Cross Sections:
• a Debye-screened elastic glue-glue cross section will be used - just as in expression (1) of arXiv 0711.0961 [nucl-th]
• the Debye mass is chosen to be ${\displaystyle m_{D}^{2}=(24/\pi )\alpha _{s}T^{2}}$ (i.e. calculated for Boltzmann particles) with the coupling constant fixed to ${\displaystyle \alpha _{s}=0.3}$
• a minimum c.m. energy cut-off for a parton-parton collision is set to be ${\displaystyle \Lambda _{QCD}=200}$ MeV
### Desired Calculations:
• insert an on-shell gluon into the medium with an initial momentum of 50 GeV, 100 GeV, ... up to 400 GeV in 100 GeV increments, have it propagate through the box (with periodic boundary conditions the probe may propagate arbitrary distances) and measure E vs. x with x being the distance traveled along its trajectory (alternatively one may measure E vs. time, even though this may not be as accurate for comparing to the analytic formula)
• measure the sum of all ${\displaystyle p_{\perp }^{2}}$ kicks the parton accumulates and divide it by the pathlength traveled. This provides a measure for
the transport coefficient ${\displaystyle {\hat {q}}=1/l_{x}\sum \limits _{i=1}^{N_{coll}}(\Delta p_{\perp ,i})^{2}}$
• these calculations are to be performed with the aforementioned 2-2 elastic glue-glue scattering cross section
• subsequently, take a 200 GeV gluon and propagate it through the box at temperatures T=300, 400, 500 and 600 MeV, performing the same analysis
• optionally (if the code is capable of doing so), the calculations can be repeated with 2-3 processes activated as well - this will need to be fleshed out at a later date...
### Results:
• First results for the Andong Parton Cascade code APC
(created by Steffen A. Bass on July 7th 2008, last edited by Bass 08:40, 1 July 2009 (EDT))
| 2023-03-28T14:38:59 |
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https://www.abs.gov.au:443/methodologies/personal-safety-australia-methodology/2016
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# Personal Safety, Australia methodology
Latest release
Reference period
2016
Released
8/11/2017
Next release Unknown
First release
## Explanatory notes
### Introduction
1 The statistics presented in this release were compiled from data collected in the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2016 Personal Safety Survey (PSS), conducted from November 2016 to June 2017.
2 The survey collected information from men and women aged 18 years and over about the nature and extent of violence experienced since the age of 15. It also collected detailed information about men's and women's experience of current and previous partner violence and emotional abuse, experiences of stalking since the age of 15, sexual and physical abuse before the age of 15, witnessing of violence between a parent and their partner before the age of 15, lifetime experience of sexual harassment, and general feelings of safety.
3 The statistics presented in this release, refer to the Data downloads which can be accessed in the Downloads section and are indicative of the extensive range of data available from the survey and demonstrate the analytical potential of the survey results.
4 Full details about all the data collected in the 2016 PSS are provided in the Data Item List. This and other detailed information on how to maximise the use of the extensive range of data are available in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003). Additional information may be made available by request, on a fee for service basis, through the ABS Information Consultancy, or via TableBuilder or Detailed Microdata products which are expected to be released in the first quarter of 2018.
5 This is the third time the PSS has been conducted. The PSS was last run in 2012, and prior to that in 2005. The PSS is based on the design of the Women's Safety Survey (WSS) (cat. no. 4128.0) which was conducted in 1996, and has been adapted to include men's experience of violence. This release includes some data comparisons with previous iterations where appropriate.
### Background
6 The PSS meets the need for updated information on the nature and extent of violence experienced by men and women in Australia and other related information regarding people's safety at home and in the community.
7 The need for data on the prevalence of violence and sexual assault is discussed in the National Plan to Reduce Violence against Women and their Children 2010-2022, and in the following ABS Information Papers:
8 ABS acknowledges the support and input of the Department of Social Services (DSS) which, under the National Plan to Reduce Violence Against Women and their Children 2010-2022, provided funding for the 2016 PSS. A Survey Advisory Group, comprising key government and non-government bodies, provided the ABS with advice on the information to be collected and on some aspects of survey methodology. Members of this group included representatives from State and Commonwealth Government departments, crime research agencies, service providers and relevant academics.
### Scope of the survey
9 The scope of the 2016 PSS was persons aged 18 years and over in private dwellings across Australia (excluding very remote areas). Interviews were conducted with one randomly selected person aged 18 years or over who was a usual resident of the selected household.
10 Both urban and rural areas in all states and territories were included in the survey, except for very remote areas of Australia. The following groups were excluded from the scope of the survey:
• visitors at a dwelling whose usual place of residence is Australia
• overseas visitors intending to stay in Australia for less than 12 months
• non-Australian diplomats, non-Australia diplomatic staff and non-Australian members of their household
• members of non-Australian defence forces stationed in Australia and their dependants
• people who usually reside in non-private dwellings, and
• households where all residents are aged less than 18 years.
### Sample design
11 The 2016 PSS was designed to produce reliable estimates for selected key estimates of interest. Each of these key estimates were then required to be disaggregated for:
• women: for each state and territory (and at the national level)
• men: at the national level. While the survey was not designed to provide state/territory level data for men, estimates of acceptable quality are able to be produced for some of the larger states.
12 The sample for women was allocated roughly equally across each state and territory to provide sufficiently reliable state and territory and national level estimates for women. The sample for men was allocated to states and territories roughly in proportion to their respective population size to provide sufficiently reliable national level estimates for men. In order to target the differential numbers of male and female sample, dwellings were pre-assigned for either male selection (where an interview with a male aged 18 years and over was required) or female selection (where an interview with a female aged 18 years and over was required). One in-scope person of the pre-assigned gender was then randomly selected from each dwelling. Where the household did not contain an in-scope resident of the pre-assigned gender, an in scope resident of the alternate gender was randomly selected. For further information refer to the Survey Development and Data Collection page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
13 Response rates to the survey were expected to be impacted by a number of operational factors that were designed to help ensure the safety of respondents, the safety of interviewers and to help ensure data integrity. These included:
• the part voluntary nature of the survey
• requirement for all interviews to be conducted in a private interview setting
• proxy interviews were not conducted for the voluntary component (therefore people requiring a proxy are not included in the final data), and
• the overall sensitive nature of the survey content.
### Sample size
14 There were 36,495 private dwellings approached for the survey, comprising 7,074 pre-assigned male households and 29,421 pre-assigned female households.
15 After removing households where residents were out of scope of the survey, and where dwelling proved to be vacant, under construction or derelict, a final sample of 30,933 eligible dwellings were identified.
16 A final response rate of 68.7% was achieved, with 21,242 persons completing the questionnaire nationally. The response comprised 5,653 fully responding males and 15,589 fully responding females.
17 For further details on the response rates, refer to the Response Rates page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
### Data collection
18 Personal face to face interviews were conducted with one randomly selected person aged 18 years and over who was a usual resident of the selected household. Interviews were conducted from November 2016 to June 2017. On average contact time with fully responding households was 33 minutes.
19 The 2016 PSS was conducted under the authority of the Census and Statistics Act 1905. This ensures that the ABS has the authority to ask questions and that the confidentiality provisions of the Act will be applied, as in all ABS surveys. However, because of the potential sensitivities of parts of this survey, the compliance provisions of the Act were not fully applied and the survey was conducted on a part voluntary basis.
20 Due to the sensitive nature of the information being collected, as with previous cycles, special procedures were used to ensure the safety of those participating and the reliability of the data provided.
21 Information was collected by specially trained ABS interviewers. The training program included sessions to familiarise the interviewers with:
• the concepts addressed in the survey (definitions)
• the specialised survey procedures developed for the survey (including sensitive approach methods to maximise response)
• the Computer Assisted Interview (CAI) instrument (via Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) and Computer Assisted Self Interview (CASI)), and
• administrative aspects of the survey.
22 In addition to the standard ABS training provided to ABS interviewers regarding the survey content and field procedures, interviewers also received tailored sensitivity and awareness training, designed to increase their knowledge and understanding of what happens when a person experiences violence. The ABS utilised external consultants, specialised in this field to provide this component of the interviewer training.
23 To help ensure respondent comfort and well-being, as well as encouraging participation, the ABS used female interviewers for the PSS. It was considered that men and women would be more likely to feel comfortable revealing sensitive information about their possible experiences of violence to a woman. This was based on collective advice from experts in the field during the survey development, was in line with the successful procedures followed for the 2005 and 2012 PSS, and was also supported by the 2016 PSS Survey Advisory Group. To cater for instances where this might not be the case, the ABS also trained a small number of male interviewers, in case a respondent preferred that their interview be conducted by a male.
24 Prior to enumeration, all selected households were sent out pre-approach material by mail that consisted of the following:
• a registration letter and leaflet, sent to the dwelling 21 days prior to enumeration requesting household to register contact details, and
• a reminder letter, sent 16 days prior to enumeration.
The materials sent out were kept deliberately vague regarding the information that would be collected and assured respondents of the confidentiality of data collected. The letters did not detail the sensitive information to be collected.
25 If households registered contact details for the survey, the interviewer called first to collect household details to determine who the selected person was so that arrangements to speak with them could be made prior to attending the house. If household contact details weren't registered, the interviewer approached the house in person. A series of screening questions were asked of the person initially answering the door, to determine the number of usual male/female residents aged 18 years and over.
26 Selected respondents were first advised of the general nature of the survey. During the interview, less sensitive questions were asked first, such as their demographic details and general feelings of safety questions. This allowed people to develop a certain level of rapport with the interviewer and familiarised them with some survey content.
27 Once the questions regarding a person's experience of violence were reached, respondents were informed of the sensitive nature of the upcoming questions and their permission to continue with the interview was sought (referred to as the Opt-out point). At this point the respondent was also advised that the interview would continue as a Computer Assisted Self-Enumeration Interview (CASI), that is, the respondent could complete the interview themselves using the interviewer's laptop. If the respondent identified that they were not comfortable to continue in this interview mode, the interviewer could offer to continue conducting the interview (referred to as a Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI)). In these situations, it was a specific requirement that all CAPIs for the sensitive topics be conducted alone (including no children) in a private setting. Interviewers were also advised that if the respondent chose to complete the voluntary component as a CASI, they should ensure that other people could not see the screen or respondent reactions, or hear any queries the respondent may ask about the questions. If they could, then the interviewer was advised to follow the same procedures as a CAPI interview.
28 For the 2016 PSS, proxy interviews, if required for translation or due to the respondent being incapable of responding for themselves as a result of a significant medical reason, were used to complete the compulsory part of the survey. For these interviews, the sensitive voluntary component of the survey was not mentioned and questions on these topics were not asked. The use of proxy interviews for the compulsory part of the survey provided information on the possible under representation in the survey of particular types of respondents, such as those from a non-English speaking background or with a profound or severe communication disability. For a detailed definition of proxy, refer to the Glossary.
29 To cater for instances where a respondent did not speak English, a small number of interviewers with foreign language skills were trained to conduct PSS interviews.
30 For further information on data collection and survey procedures, refer to the Survey Development and Data Collection page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
### Weighting
31 Weighting is the process of adjusting results from a sample survey to infer results for the total in-scope population. To do this, a 'weight' is allocated to each sample unit corresponding to the level at which population statistics are produced. For the 2016 PSS, this is at a person level. The weight can be considered an indication of how many population units are represented by the sample unit.
### Selection weights
32 The first step in calculating weights for each person was to assign an initial weight, which was equal to the inverse of the probability of being selected in the survey. For example, if the probability of a person being selected in the survey was one in 600, then the person would have an initial weight of 600 (that is, they represent 600 people).
### Benchmarking
33 Using information based on observations by interviewers at the dwelling, as well as additional information collected from non-fully responding respondents as part of the compulsory component of the survey, analysis was undertaken to ascertain whether there were any particular categories of persons that were over or under-represented in the sample. This over or under-representation in the sample can be corrected using a non-response adjustment and/or through calibrating the weights to population benchmarks. Only calibrating the weights to population benchmarks was adopted for the 2016 PSS.
34 Benchmarks are independent estimates of the size of the population of interest. Weights are calibrated against independent population benchmarks to ensure that the survey estimates conform to the independently estimated distribution of the population, with respect to the benchmark categories, rather than to the distribution within the responding sample itself. The 2016 PSS survey estimates were benchmarked to the estimated resident Australian population aged 18 years and over who were living in private dwellings (excluding very remote areas of Australia) as at February 2017, simultaneously using the following benchmark categories:
Number of persons by -
• State or territory by capital city/balance of state by age groups by sex
• State or territory by Social marital status (Married in registered or de facto marriage and Not married) by sex
• State or territory by broad Country of birth (Australia, Main English Speaking categories and Other) by sex
• State or territory by Labour force status (Full Time Employed, Part Time Employed, Unemployed, or Not In the Labour Force) by sex, and
• Age group (slightly more detailed) by sex.
### Estimation
35 Estimation is a technique used to produce information about a population of interest, based on a sample of units (i.e. persons) from the population. Each record in the 2016 PSS has a person weight. Information for sampled persons is multiplied by the weights to produce estimates for the whole population.
36 For further information on weighting, benchmarking and estimation, refer to the Methodology page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003)
### Overview of data collected in PSS
37 A key objective of the 2016 PSS was to collect information about the prevalence of men's and women's experience of violence since the age of 15. This includes their experience of physical assault, sexual assault, physical threat and sexual threat by male and female perpetrators (for six key perpetrator types: current partner, previous partner, boyfriend/girlfriend or date, ex-boyfriend/ex-girlfriend, other known person, and stranger). This provides information on the prevalence of the different types of violence by different perpetrator types.
38 Where a person had experienced any of these types of violence, more detailed information was then collected for their most recent incident of each of the eight types of violence: physical assault, sexual assault, physical threat and sexual threat by a male and by a female perpetrator. This information is used to understand what happens when a person experiences violence by a male or female perpetrator and how this differs depending on the different types of violence.
39 Where someone had experienced violence by a current partner and/or previous partner they were asked further questions about what happened during the relationship. This information was collected separately for current partner violence and previous partner violence: if someone had experienced violence by more than one previous partner, the information was collected about their most recently violent previous partner only.
40 Other topics collected include experiences of stalking since the age of 15, abuse before the age of 15, witness violence towards a parent and their partner before the age of 15, partner emotional abuse, lifetime experience of sexual harassment and general feelings of safety.
### Interpretation of results
41 Care has been taken to ensure that results in the 2016 PSS are as accurate as possible. This includes thorough design and testing of the questionnaire, interviews being conducted by trained ABS interviewers, and quality control procedures throughout data collection, processing and output. For information on detailed interpretation of results refer to the relevant topic pages in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
### Measuring multiple incidents and multiple types of violence
42 It is possible that people have experienced multiple incidents of violence. Where a person has experienced more than one type of violence, they are counted separately for each type of violence they experience but are only counted once in the aggregated totals. Components therefore may not add to the totals. For example if a person had experienced an incident of physical assault by a stranger and an incident of physical assault by their current partner, they would be counted against each type of violence by type of perpetrator (i.e. physical assault by a stranger and physical assault by a current partner) but they would only be counted once in the total for those who had experienced physical assault.
43 It is also possible that a single incident of violence may involve more than one of the different types of violence. In the PSS, a single incident of violence is only counted once. Where an incident involves both sexual and physical assault, it is counted as a sexual assault. For example, if a person is physically assaulted during or as part of a sexual assault, this would be counted once only as a sexual assault. Where an incident involves a person being both threatened with assault and assaulted, it is counted as an assault. For example, if in a single incident a perpetrator threatens to sexually assault a person and then sexually assaults them, this would be counted only once in the survey as a sexual assault. The same applies for incidents where a person is both threatened with physical assault and physically assaulted.
44 For detailed descriptions and definitions of violence, refer to the Glossary.
### Violence - most recent incident data (MRI)
45 The characteristics and actions taken following an incident of violence differ depending on the type of violence a person experienced and the gender of the perpetrator. Due to constraints on the length of an interview and the load placed on respondents, it was not possible to collect detailed information about each incident of violence a person had ever experienced. Instead, detailed information was collected about their most recent incident for each of the eight different types of violence. A 'most recent' incident method was used to select a sample of incidents. If the most recent incident occurred more than 10 years ago, detailed information was not collected due to difficulties associated with recalling the incident and to reduce respondent burden. For further information refer to the Violence - Most recent incident page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
46 People who had experienced violence within the last 10 years were asked to provide more detailed information about their most recent incident including: what happened during the incident; the actions taken following the incident; and the impact of the incident. This provides information for each of the eight different types of violence a person could experience:
• Sexual assault by a male perpetrator
• Sexual assault by a female perpetrator
• Sexual threat by a male perpetrator
• Sexual threat by a female perpetrator
• Physical assault by a male perpetrator
• Physical assault by a female perpetrator
• Physical threat by a male perpetrator
• Physical threat by a female perpetrator
47 Most recent incident data information is able to be used to analyse the different types of violence experienced by men and women to assess:
• Whether there are differences in what happens when different types of violence are experienced, and
• Whether there are differences between what happens when a woman experiences violence, and when a man experiences violence.
### Violence - prevalence
48 The information provided above can be used to produce a range of prevalence estimates for men's and women's experiences of violence, according to the type of violence, the type and sex of the perpetrator, and time frame. Prevalence refers to the number and proportion (rate) of persons in a given population that have experienced any type of violence within a specified time frame - usually in the last 12 months and since the age of 15. Prevalence rates are calculated by dividing the number of men/women/persons that have experienced the type of violence since the age of 15 by the total number of persons aged 18 years and over within that same population. For further information refer to the Violence - Prevalence page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
49 The characteristics of the different types of violence are not able to be added to produce a total for characteristics of "violence". Conceptually it is invalid to add together data about the characteristics for the different types of violence, as actions a person may take could differ depending on the type of violence experienced. For example, if a person had contacted the police about their most recent incident of physical assault by a male but had not contacted police about their most recent incident of physical assault by a female, it is impossible to calculate an estimate of whether or not this person has contacted the police about "violence" - they both have and haven't. To add together data about characteristics of the different types of violence would also double count all persons who have experienced more than one type of violence.
### Abuse before the age 15
50 The definition of child abuse can vary across the different sectors of government, criminal justice systems, service providers and research organisations, depending on the perspective and interests of the organisation that have created it.
51 Sexual abuse is defined as any act involving a child (under the age of 15 years) in sexual activity beyond their understanding or contrary to currently accepted community standards. This excludes emotional abuse and sexual abuse under the age of 18.
52 Physical abuse is defined as any deliberate physical injury (including bruises) inflicted upon a child (under the age of 15 years) by an adult. This excludes discipline that accidentally resulted in injury, emotional abuse, and physical abuse by someone under the age of 18.
53 The 2016 PSS collected information about a respondent’s experience of sexual and physical abuse before the age of 15 years by any adult (male or female). Respondents were asked if they were sexually and/or physically abused by an adult (aged 18 years or over) before the age of 15. The same set of questions was repeated twice, for sexual abuse and physical abuse separately. Due to the sensitive nature of the module, respondents had the option of declining to answer these questions. If a respondent answered that they had experienced sexual or physical abuse before the age of 15, they were asked to identify all of the adult perpetrator types that abused them.
54 Information about the characteristics of the first incident of abuse was collected separately for sexual abuse and physical abuse. The Abuse before the age of 15 module was primarily designed to be used in conjunction with information collected in other parts of the survey in order to analyse the relationship between experiences of child abuse before the age of 15 and later experiences of violence as an adult from the age of 15. For further information refer to the Abuse before the age of 15 page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
### Witness violence before the age of 15
55 In the context of this module, violence refers to physical assault only and only encompasses violence witnessed between a parent and their partner. The 2016 PSS collected information about whether the respondent, before the age of 15, ever saw or heard violence being directed at one parent by another. The definition of violence used was the same as used to collect physical assault data in the Violence since the age of 15 topic. Mother includes step mothers and female guardians or caregivers. Partner includes the respondent’s father/stepfather, and the mother’s boyfriend or same-sex partner. Father includes step fathers and male guardians or caregivers. Partner includes the respondent’s mother/stepmother, and the father’s girlfriend or same-sex partner.
56 The questions about witnessing violence before the age of 15 were asked separately of the respondent for witnessing violence against their mother by a partner, and witnessing violence against their father by a partner. Respondents that reported having seen or heard any of the above being done to their mother and/or father were then asked how many times they saw or heard these things being done - 'once or twice' or 'more than twice'.
57 The witness violence before the age of 15 module was primarily designed to be used in conjunction with information collected in other parts of the survey to analyse the relationship between seeing and hearing violence as a child towards a parental figure and later experiences of violence as an adult from the age of 15. For further information refer to the Witness violence before the age of 15 page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
### Partner violence
58 Partner violence refers to any incident, reported in the Violence since the age of 15 module, of sexual assault, sexual threat, physical assault or physical threat by a current partner they were living with at the time of the survey and/or a previous partner they had lived with. Partner violence does not include violence by a boyfriend/girlfriend or date, which refers to a person that the respondent dated, or was intimately involved with, but did not live with. For detailed descriptions and definitions, refer to the Glossary.
59 If a respondent had identified more than one violent previous partner in the Violence since the age of 15 module, they were asked to focus on their most recently violent previous partner in the Partner violence module.
60 The Partner violence module is designed to capture information about the nature and impact of the violence throughout the duration of the relationship with the current partner and/or most recently violent previous partner. Partner violence data can be used to examine:
• the characteristics of the violence experienced, such as how often violence was experienced
• support-seeking behaviours, such as whether advice or support was sought and from whom
• police involvement, such as whether the police were contacted, and other legal action including whether the partner was charged, whether they went to court, and whether a restraining order was issued
• the impact of the violence on the respondent, including whether they experienced anxiety or fear as a result of the violence, changes to their usual routine, and whether they took time off work, and
• separations from their violent partner as a result of the violence, including whether they ever temporarily separated, reasons for separation, places stayed during temporary separations, whether left property or assets behind, and reasons for returning to the violent partner.
61 Partner violence data collected in this module cannot be broken down by the type of violence experienced (sexual/physical assault/threat), only by the type of perpetrator (current or previous). Components for current partner and previous partner violence are not able to be added together to produce data for a 'total partner' aggregate as it would lead to double counting of all persons who have experienced violence by both a current and a previous partner, and does not account for where people had experienced violence by more than one previous partner. For further information refer to the Partner violence page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
### Partner emotional abuse
62 Emotional abuse occurs when a person is subjected to certain behaviours or actions that are aimed at preventing or controlling their behaviour, causing them emotional harm or fear. These behaviours are characterised in nature by their intent to manipulate, control, isolate or intimidate the person they are aimed at. They are generally repeated behaviours and include psychological, social, economic and verbal abuse. For a detailed definition of emotional abuse, refer to the Glossary.
63 The 2016 PSS collected information about a respondent's experience of emotional abuse since the age of 15, by a current partner they were living with at the time of the survey and/or a previous partner that they had lived with. Where a person had experienced emotional abuse by more than one previous partner, they were asked to focus on the most recently emotionally abusive previous partner when answering the more detailed questions about previous partner emotional abuse. This may or may not have been the same previous partner that was most recently violent, if the respondent had also experienced previous partner violence. In other words, the most recently violent previous partner and most recently emotionally abusive previous partner may be the same or different. Emotional abuse by a previous partner includes abuse that occurred after the relationship ended. For definitions of current partner and previous partner, refer to the Glossary.
64 Partner emotional abuse data can be used to examine:
• the prevalence of partner emotional abuse, and
• the characteristics of emotional abuse by a current and previous partner, such as the types of emotionally abusive behaviours experienced, how often the emotional abuse was experienced, and whether the anxiety or fear was experienced as a result.
65 Components for current partner and previous partner emotional abuse are not able to be added together to produce data for a 'total emotional abuse' aggregate as it would lead to double counting of all persons who have experienced emotional abuse by both a current and a previous partner. For further information refer to the Partner emotional abuse page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
### Stalking
66 The 2016 PSS collected information about a respondent's experiences of stalking since the age of 15. Persons were asked if they had experienced stalking by a man and by a woman separately. Stalking was considered to have occurred if a person has experienced:
• any unwanted contact or attention on more than one occasion that could have caused fear or distress, or
• multiple types of unwanted contact or behaviour that could have caused fear or distress.
For a detailed definition of stalking, refer to the Glossary.
67 As soon as stalking behaviour had been identified, the episode was the focus of the remainder of the questions which the PSS defines as the most recent stalking episode as the stalking behaviours were likely to have occurred over a protracted period of time. Information about the types of stalking behaviours experienced in the most recent episode, the relationship to the perpetrator, and when the episode of stalking stopped was collected for the most recent episode of stalking by a man and by a woman since the age of 15. If the most recent episode of stalking occurred in the last 20 years, further information about the episode was collected. For further information refer to the Stalking page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
68 Stalking prevalence data is available on the person level as aggregated data items (persons that have experienced stalking by both a man and a woman are only counted once in the aggregated data item 'Whether experienced stalking since age 15'). Stalking prevalence data can be used to examine:
• the estimated number and proportion (rate) of persons that have experienced stalking by a man and/or woman during the last 12 months and since the age of 15, and
• differences in the stalking prevalence rate between the male and female population.
69 Most recent episode data can be used to examine:
• differences between men's and women's experiences of stalking, including stalking behaviours experienced, impacts, actions, and outcomes, and
• differences between male perpetrated stalking and female perpetrated stalking, including stalking behaviours experienced, impacts, actions, and outcomes.
### Comparability between 2012 and 2016 PSS
70 The scope, content and data collection for the 2016 PSS was largely the same as the 2012 survey, with a few key changes:
• Sample size – The sample size for 2016 was significantly larger due to improvements in response rates and changes to sample design.
• Sample design – In 2016, pre-assigned genders selections for households were able to be ‘flipped’ to the alternate gender if no-one aged 18 years or over in the household was of the pre-assigned gender. This is consistent with the approach taken in the 2005 PSS.
• Collection mode – The 2016 PSS introduced the Computer Assisted Self Interview (CASI), which gave respondents the option to complete the sensitive (voluntary) topics themselves using the interviewer laptop.
• Compulsion – In 2016, the PSS was part compulsory, for the collection of demographic and other general non-sensitive topics.
• Content – some changes were made to definitions to assist with respondent understanding as well as the addition of some new content or concepts (for example additional technologically focused behaviours were added to the sexual harassment, stalking and emotional abuse topics).
71 Selected summary results from the 1996 Women's Safety Survey, and the 2005, 2012 and 2016 PSS are presented in this publication to provide comparisons over time - refer to Tables 2, 8 and 39. The statistical significance of differences in estimates between 2012 and 2016 has been investigated and results that are statistically significant are indicated in the tables.
72 For further information on 2016 PSS procedures, content changes, and comparability with previous iterations of the PSS, refer to the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
### Comparison of data from PSS and other ABS sources
73 The ABS collects and publishes data relating to crime and safety from different sources, for example the Crime Victimisation Survey, Australia and the General Social Survey, Australia and administrative data from police agencies. Comparisons of PSS data with data from other sources cannot be readily made because of differences in data collection methods and the concepts and definitions used to measure violence. For example, survey mode may influence differences (face-to-face versus telephone interviewing), context effects (preceding questions influence responses to subsequent questions), differences in question wording and the length and timing of data collection.
74 Further information on crime data measurement issues is available in the information paper: Measuring Victims of Crime: A Guide to Using Administrative and Survey data (cat. no. 4500.0.55.001).
### Classifications
75 Country of Birth data were classified according to the Standard Australian Classification of Countries (SACC) (cat. no. 1269.0).
76 Languages spoken at home were classified according to the Australian Standard Classification of Language (ASCL) (cat. no. 1267.0).
77 Australian geographic data are classified according to the Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS): Volume 1 - Main Structure and Greater Capital City Statistical Areas (cat. no. 1270.0.55.001)
78 Educational attainment data are classified according to the Australian Standard Classification of Education (ASCED) (cat. no. 1272.0)
### Confidentiality
79 The Census and Statistics Act, 1905 provides the authority for the ABS to collect statistical information, and requires that statistical output shall not be published or disseminated in a manner that is likely to enable the identification of a particular person or organisation. This requirement means that the ABS must take care and make assurances that any statistical information about individual respondents cannot be derived from published data.
80 To minimise the risk of identifying individuals in aggregate statistics, a technique has been used to randomly adjust cell values. This technique is called perturbation. Perturbation involves a small random adjustment of the statistics and is considered the most satisfactory technique for avoiding the release of identifiable statistics while maximising the range of information that can be released. These adjustments have a negligible impact on the underlying pattern of the statistics.
81 After perturbation, a given published cell value will be consistent across all tables. However, adding up cell values to derive a total will not necessarily give the same result as published totals. Where possible, a footnote has been applied to an estimated total where this is apparent in a diagram or graph (for example, if males who experienced violence and females who experienced violence don’t add to persons who have experienced violence). For commentary, please refer to the referenced data tables for confirmation of perturbation effects.
82 The introduction of perturbation in publications ensures that these statistics are consistent with statistics released via services such as TableBuilder.
83 Perturbation has been applied to 2016 PSS data published in this publication. Data from previous PSS or WSS presented in this publication have not been perturbed, but have been confidentialised if required using suppression of cells.
### Rounding
84 Estimates presented in this publication have been rounded. As a result, sums of the components may not add exactly to totals.
85 Proportions presented in this publication are based on unrounded figures. Calculations using rounded figures may differ from those published.
### Acknowledgements
86 The ABS would like to thank the people who completed the survey. Their participation has contributed to valuable information that will help to inform public debate about violence and will help further development of policies and programs aimed at reducing the prevalence of violence in Australia.
87 The ABS acknowledges the support and input of the Department of Social Services (DSS) which, under the National Plan to Reduce Violence Against Women and their Children 2010-2022, provided funding for the 2016 PSS. A Survey Advisory Group, comprising of key government and non-government bodies, provided the ABS with advice on the information to be collected and on some aspects of survey methodology. Members of this group included representatives from State and Commonwealth Government departments, crime research agencies, service providers and academics in the field.
### Products and services
88 All tables, in Excel format, can be accessed from the Data Downloads. The spreadsheets present tables of estimates and percents/prevalence rates, and the corresponding Relative Standard Errors (RSEs) for estimates and Margin of Errors (MoEs) for per cents/prevalence rates. For more details regarding RSEs and MoEs, refer to the Technical Note of this publication.
### Microdata
89 The 2016 PSS is available as TableBuilder and Detailed Microdata products for users who wish to undertake more detailed analysis. TableBuilder is an online tool for creating tables from ABS survey data, where variables can be selected for cross-tabulation. The Detailed Microdata product is available through the ABS Data Laboratory. The Microdata Entry page on the ABS website contains links to microdata related information to assist users to understand and access microdata. Additional information on the PSS microdata products are also available via Microdata: Personal Safety Survey, Australia, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.001).
### Data available on request
90 Customised tabulations are available on request. Subject to confidentiality and sampling variability constraints, tabulations can be produced from the survey incorporating data items, populations and geographic areas selected to meet individual requirements.
## Technical note
### Reliability of estimates
1 The estimates in the 2016 PSS publication are based on information obtained from a sample of the Australian population. Although care has been taken to ensure that the results of the survey are as accurate as possible, there are certain factors which can affect the reliability of the results to some extent and for which no adequate adjustments can be made.
2 One such factor is known as sampling error. The key measures used to assess the impact of sampling error on the 2016 PSS estimates in this publication are described below. Such calculations were undertaken in this publication and should be kept in mind when interpreting the results of this survey.
3 Other factors are collectively referred to as non-sampling errors. For more details on sampling error as well as details on non-sampling errors, refer to the Data Quality and Technical Notes page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
### Sampling error
4 As the 2016 PSS data was obtained from a sample of the Australian population, the impact of sampling error on estimates was closely reviewed. Sampling error (or sampling variability) is used to describe the circumstance where survey estimates differ from those that would have been produced had all persons been included in the survey. The magnitude of the sampling error associated with a sample estimate depends on the following factors:
• Sample design - the final design attempted to make key survey results as representative as possible within cost and operational constraints.
• Sample size - the larger the sample on which the estimate is based, the smaller the associated sampling error.
• Population variability - the extent to which people differ on the particular characteristic being measured. This is referred to as the population variability for that characteristic. The smaller the population variability of a particular characteristic, the more likely it is that the population will be well represented by the sample, and, therefore the smaller sampling error. Conversely, the more variable the characteristic, the greater the sampling error.
### Calculation of standard error
5 One measure of the likely difference in estimates is given by the Standard Error (SE), which indicates the extent to which an estimate might have varied because only a sample of dwellings was included. There are about two chances in three (67%) that the sample estimate will differ by less than one SE from the figure that would have been obtained if all dwellings had been included, and about 19 chances in 20 that the difference will be less than two SEs.
The published estimate is 467,300. There are two chances in three that the true value is in the range 439,700 to 494,900, and 19 chances in 20 that the true value is in the range 412,100 to 522,500.
6 For estimates of population sizes, the size of the SE generally increases with the level of the estimate, so that the larger the estimate, the larger the SE. However, the larger the sampling estimate the smaller the SE becomes in percentage terms. Thus, larger sample estimates will be relatively more reliable than smaller estimates. SE can be calculated using the estimates (counts or percentages) and the corresponding Relative Standard Error (RSE). For example, in this publication the estimated males aged 18 years and over who experienced physical assault in the last 12 months was 309,400. The RSE corresponding to this estimate is 8.7%. The SE is calculated by:
$$\large S E \text { of estimate }=\left(\frac{R S E}{100}\right) \times estimate$$
= (8.7 / 100) * 309400
= 26,900 (rounded to the nearest 100)
7 The RSE is obtained by expressing the SE as a percentage of the estimate to which it related. The RSE is a useful measure in that it provides an immediate indication of the percentage errors likely to have occurred due to sampling, and thus avoids the need to refer also to the size of the estimate.
$$\large R S E \%=\left(\frac{S E}{e s t i m a t e}\right) \times 100$$
8 Estimates with RSEs less than 25% are considered sufficiently reliable for most purposes. However, estimates with RSEs of 25% or more are included in this publication of results and have been appropriately identified to use with caution. RSEs are presented in the tables of the publication for estimates ('000). Estimates with RSEs greater than 25% but less than or equal to 50% are annotated with an asterisk (*) to indicate they are subject to high SEs relative to the size of the estimate and should be used with caution. Estimates with RSEs of greater than 50%, annotated with a double asterisk (**), are considered too unreliable for most purposes. These estimates can be aggregated with other estimates to reduce the overall sampling error. Note that RSEs for proportion estimates (%) are not presented in the tables of this publication, but rather the Margin of Error (MoE) is presented (see section below). However RSEs can be produced from the TableBuilder or Detailed Microdata products or by request.
### Calculation of Margin of Error
9 Another useful measure is the Margin of Error (MoE), which describes the distance from the population value that the sample estimate is likely to be within, and is specified at a given level of confidence. Confidence levels typically used are 90%, 95% and 99%. For example, at the 95% confidence level, the MoE indicates that there are about 19 chances in 20 that the estimate will differ by less than the specified MoE from the population value (the figure obtained if all dwellings had been enumerated). The MoE at the 95% confidence level is expressed as 1.96 times the SE.
10 A confidence interval expresses the sampling error as a range in which the population value is expected to lie at a given level of confidence. The confidence interval can easily be constructed from the MoE of the same level of confidence, by taking the estimate plus or minus the MoE of the estimate. In other terms, the 95% confidence interval is the estimate +/- MoE i.e. the range from minus 1.96 times the SE to the estimate plus 1.96 times the SE. The 95% MoE can also be calculated from the RSE by the following, where y is the value of the estimate:
$$\large\operatorname{MOE}(y)=\frac{R S E(y) \times y}{100} \times 1.96$$
11 Note due to rounding, the SE calculated from the RSE may be slightly different to the SE calculated from the MoE for the same estimate. The SE of estimate using MoEs is calculated by:
$$\large S E \text { of estimate }=\left(\frac{M O E}{1.96}\right)$$
12 Using the two formulas above, it was found that there are about 19 chances in 20 that the estimate of the proportion of females aged 18 years and over who experienced sexual harassment in the last 12 months (17.3%) is within +/- 1.1 percentage points from the population value. Similarly, there are about 19 chances in 20 that the proportion of females aged 18 years and over who experienced sexual harassment in the last 12 months is within the confidence interval of 16.2% to 18.4%.
13 In the tables in this publication, MoEs are presented for the proportion estimates (%). Proportion estimates are preceded by a hash (e.g. #10.2) if the corresponding MoE is greater than 10 percentage points. An estimate is also preceded by a hash if the MoE is large enough such that the corresponding confidence interval for this estimate would exceed the value of 0% and/or 100%; the natural limits of a proportion. The latter situation will occur if the MoE is greater than the estimate itself, or greater than 100 minus the estimate. Users should give the margin of error particular consideration when using this estimate. Note that MoEs for 1996 proportion estimates in the tables for this publication were calculated using the RSEs presented in the RSE tables found in the Women’s Safety Survey (cat. no. 4128.0).
### Standard error of a difference
14 The difference between two survey estimates is itself an estimate and is therefore subject to sampling error or variability. The sampling error of the difference between the two estimates depends on their individual SEs and the level of statistical association (correlation) between the estimates. An approximate SE of the difference between two estimates (x-y) may be calculated by the following formula:
$$\large S E(x-y) \approx \sqrt{[S E(x)]^{2}+[S E(y)]^{2}}$$
15 For example, the number of females who have been stalked minus the number of males who have been stalked. While this formula will only be exact for differences between separate sub-populations or uncorrelated characteristics of sub-populations, it is expected to provide a reasonable approximation for most differences likely to be of interest in relation to this survey.
### Significance testing on differences between survey estimates
16 When comparing estimates between surveys or between populations within a survey, it is useful to determine whether apparent differences are 'real' differences between the corresponding population characteristics or simply the product of differences between the survey samples. One way to examine this is to determine whether the difference between the estimates is statistically significant. A statistical significance test for a comparison between estimates can be performed to determine whether it is likely that there is a difference between the corresponding population characteristics. The standard error of the difference between two corresponding estimates (x and y) can be calculated using the formula shown above in the Standard error of a difference section. This standard error is then used to calculate the test statistic:
$$\Large\left(\frac{x-y}{S E(x-y)}\right)$$
17 If the value of this test statistic is greater than 1.96 then there is good evidence, with a 95% level of confidence, of a statistically significant difference in the two populations with respect to that characteristic. Otherwise, it cannot be stated with confidence (at the 95% confidence level) that there is a real difference between the populations.
18 Data presented in the commentary chapters of this publication have been significance tested to assess whether or not there is a difference (for example, between men and women) or change (for example between 2012 and 2016). When undertaking additional analysis of data presented in the tables, significance testing is recommended.
Example of estimates where there was a statistically significant difference
19 An estimated 5.4% of all men aged 18 years or over and 3.5% of all women aged 18 years or over had experienced physical violence during the 12 months prior to the survey.
• The estimate of 5.4% of men who had experienced physical violence in the 12 months prior to the survey has an RSE of 7.0%. There are 19 chances out of 20 that an estimate of between 4.7% and 6.1% (or +/- 0.7% MoE) of men would have been obtained if all dwellings had been included in the survey.
• The estimate of 3.5% of women who had experienced physical violence in the 12 months prior to the survey has an RSE of 5.9%. There are 19 chances out of 20 that an estimate of between 3.1% and 3.9% (or +/- 0.4% MoE) women would have been obtained if all dwellings had been included in the survey.
• The value of this test statistic, (at 4.62 using the formula shown in the significance testing section above), is greater than 1.96. This showed that there was evidence, with a 95% level of confidence, of a statistically significant difference in the two estimates. By calculating the confidence interval for the proportion of men and women who experienced physical violence in the 12 months prior to the survey, it can be seen that the confidence intervals for estimates for men and women do not overlap (where the confidence intervals do not overlap, there is always a statistically significant difference). Therefore there is evidence to suggest that men were more likely than women to have experienced physical violence in the 12 months prior to the survey.
20 For information on detailed reliability of estimates, refer to the Data Quality and Technical Notes page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
## Glossary
### Show all
‘Advice or support’ means listening to the respondent, being understanding, making suggestions, giving information, referring respondent to appropriate services, or offering further help of any kind. It includes contacting or visiting any source of help from a friend to a professional organisation, so long as the respondent perceived that they were seeking advice or support. It excludes anyone who was told or found out about the incident/experiences, but from whom the respondent did not actively seek advice or support (e.g. help sought for injuries, which did not involve the respondent seeking advice or support).
A person aged 18 years or over.
#### Anxiety or fear
Experiences of anxiety or fear can include constant worry, feeling nervous or jumpy, feeling scared or afraid, unable to calm down, feeling on edge, being panicked or distressed, and not being able to eat or sleep.
#### Boyfriend/girlfriend or date
This relationship may have different levels of commitment and involvement that does not involve living together. For example, this will include persons who have had one date only, regular dating with no sexual involvement, or a serious sexual or emotional relationship. It excludes de facto relationships.
See Partner.
#### Current partner
A partner the person currently (at the time of the survey) lives with in a married or de facto relationship.
#### Disability
A disability or restrictive long-term health condition exists if a limitation, restriction, impairment, disease or disorder has lasted, or is expected to last for six months or more, which restricts everyday activities.
A disability or restrictive long-term health condition is classified by whether or not a person has a specific limitation or restriction. The specific limitation or restriction is further classified by whether the limitation or restriction is a limitation in core activities, or a schooling/employment restriction only.
There are four levels of core activity limitation (profound, severe, moderate, mild). These are based on whether a person needs help, has difficulty, or uses aids or equipment with any core activities (self-care, mobility or communication). A person's overall level of core activity limitation is determined by their highest level of limitation in any of these activities.
Refers to the respondent's disability status at the time of the interview. Due to specific interview requirements for PSS, respondents who identified as having a profound or severe disability may be under represented.
For further information refer to the Disability page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
#### Emotional abuse
Emotional abuse occurs when a person is subjected to certain behaviours or actions that are aimed at preventing or controlling their behaviour, causing them emotional harm or fear. These behaviours are characterised in nature by their intent to manipulate, control, isolate or intimidate the person they are aimed at. They are generally repeated behaviours and include psychological, social, economic and verbal abuse.
For the PSS, a person was considered to have experienced emotional abuse where they reported they had been subjected to or experienced one or more of the following behaviours (that were repeated with the intent to prevent or control their behaviour and were intended to cause them emotional harm or fear):
• Controlled or tried to control them from contacting family, friends or community - Where a partner prevents the respondents social access to any person that they want to see, and where a partner restricts the persons access to environments in which they may make friends (e.g. community or interest groups).
• Controlled or tried to control them from using the telephone, internet or family car - Where a partner hides the phone/removes the phone cord, puts password protection on the computer/removes the power cord, or hides the car keys. Also includes where a respondent felt that they needed a car, but were restricted from purchasing one by their partner.
• Controlled or tried to control where they went or who they saw (e.g. Constant phone calls, GPS tracking, monitoring through social media websites) - Where a partner monitors a respondent's activity. Includes actions such as checking all telephone call lists/logs on the phone or on a phone bill, monitoring website history to see what sites that the respondent has visited, or checking mileage on the car odometer.
• Controlled or tried to control them knowing about or having access to household money - Includes situations where a partner intentionally does not disclose their income to the respondent, or does not give authority for the respondent to operate one or more bank accounts. Includes situations where the respondent receives only an ‘allowance’ from their partner and demands justification of spending (e.g. receipts).
• Controlled or tried to control them from working or earning money - Includes situations where a partner prevents a respondent from working or restricts the number of hours they can work. Also includes situations where a respondent has expressed interest in gaining employment, and their partner has either restricted them from this, or has forcibly ‘talked them out of’ it (e.g. “you should prioritise your family over yourself”, or “who would want to employ you?”). Includes situations where a partner has stopped the respondent from doing volunteer work, or ‘helping out’ a friend/organisation (e.g. reading stories at the children’s school).
• Controlled or tried to control them from studying - Includes situations where the respondent is not allowed by their partner to study or is forced to only study at limited times/days or hours, and situations where the respondent has expressed interest in study, and their partner has either restricted them from this, or forcibly ‘talked them out of’ this (e.g. “you should prioritise your family over yourself”, or “you aren’t smart enough for that”). Also includes situations where a partner has stopped the respondent from undertaking formal, as well as informal education (e.g. adult learning courses held at local community centres or high schools).
• Deprived them of basic needs such as food, shelter, sleep or assistive aids - Includes situations where a partner deprives the respondent of any assistive aids’ such as a walking frame, wheelchair or hearing aids etc. Includes situations where a respondent is deprived of medical or psychological care, or is intentionally locked out of the home by a partner. Also includes situations where a respondent is forced to sleep elsewhere (e.g. on the floor, couch etc.), other than a bed and where the respondent is forced to eat differently to their partner (e.g. only rice).
• Damaged, destroyed or stole any of their property.
• Constantly insulted them to make them feel ashamed, belittled or humiliated - Constant put downs, name calling, bullying or making fun of the respondent (either in company, when the couple are alone, in front of children, etc.). Also includes situations where a partner constantly insults a respondent’s standard of hygiene, appearance, cooking or cleaning etc., or makes them feel 'dumb' or 'useless'.
• Lied to their child/ren with the intent of turning them against them - Telling the respondent’s children that the respondent doesn’t love them, want them, or have time for them. Any lies or “tall tales” told to the children that were intended to cause the respondent emotional harm or fear.
• Lied to other family members or friends with the intent of turning them against them.
• Threatened to take their child/ren away from them.
• Threatened to harm their child/ren.
• Threatened to harm their other family members or friends.
• Threatened to harm any of their pets.
• Harmed any of their pets.
• Threatened or tried to commit suicide.
The definition of emotional abuse excludes:
• Cases of nagging (e.g. about spending too much money on fishing gear, or going out with friends) unless this nagging causes them emotional harm or fear.
• Cases where a spouse has restricted the respondent’s access to money, the car, or the internet as a result of the respondent’s substance abuse, gambling, or compulsive shopping issues unless the respondent perceives that these restrictions cause them emotional harm or fear.
For further information, refer to the Partner Emotional Abuse page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
#### Face-to-face threatened assault
Any verbal and/or physical threat to inflict physical harm, made face-to-face, where the person being threatened believed the threat was likely and able to be carried out. Excludes any incident where the person being threatened did not encounter the offender in person (e.g. threats made via telephone, text message, e-mail, in writing or through social media).
#### Incident
An ‘incident’ is referred to as an event of assault or threat, an occurrence or event of violence, abuse or assault that an individual has encountered in their life.
People were asked about the most recent incident for the eight types of violence (sexual assault, sexual threat, physical assault, physical threat by a male and by a female). Where a person experienced continuous acts of violence by the same perpetrator (e.g. in a domestic violence situation), they may have considered the continuous acts of violence to be a single incident. In these cases, the respondent was instructed to think about the most recent act of violence by that perpetrator when answering the more detailed questions.
It is possible that people have experienced multiple incidents of violence. Where a person has experienced more than one type of violence, they are counted separately in each type of violence they experience but are only counted once in the totals. Components therefore may not add to the totals.
It is also possible that a single incident of violence may involve more than one of these different types of violence. In order to produce valid violence prevalence rates, in the survey a single incident of violence is only counted once. Where an incident involves both a sexual and physical assault, it is counted as a sexual assault, e.g. if in an incident a person is physically assaulted during/as part of a sexual assault: this would be counted once only as a sexual assault. Where an incident involves a person being both threatened with assault and then assaulted, it is counted as an assault, e.g. if in a single incident a perpetrator threatens to sexually assault a person and then sexually assaults them this would be counted only once in the survey as a sexual assault. The same applies for incidents where a person is both physically threatened with assault and then physically assaulted.
#### Intimate partner
Includes current partner (living with), previous partner (has lived with), boyfriend/girlfriend/date and ex-boyfriend/ex-girlfriend (never lived with).
For further information, refer to the Partner Violence page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
#### Margin of Error
Margin of Error (MoE), describes the distance from the population value that the sample estimate is likely to be within, and is specified at a given level of confidence. MoEs presented in this publication are at the 95% confidence level. This means that there are 19 chances in 20 that the estimate will differ by less than the specified MoE from the population value (the figure obtained if all dwellings had been enumerated).
For further information, refer to the Technical Note page of this publication.
#### Other known person
Includes any other known person that does not fit into any of the partner, stranger, or (ex-)boyfriend/girlfriend or date categories. Includes:
• Father/Mother - Includes step-parents
• Son/Daughter - Includes step children
• Brother/Sister - Includes step siblings
• Other male/female relative or in-law
• Friend - Someone one knows, likes and trusts
• Acquaintance/neighbour - An acquaintance is anybody that the person recognises or knows in someway and is not perceived to be a 'stranger'. A neighbour is someone who lives or is located close to the persons place of residence
• Employer/manager/supervisor
• Co-worker
• Teacher/tutor
• Client/patient/customer
• Medical practitioner (e.g. Doctor, psychologist, nurse, counsellor)
• Priest/Minister/Rabbi/ or other spiritual advisor
• Carer (includes non-family paid or unpaid helper)
• Any other known person
#### Partner
The term partner in the PSS is used to describe a person the respondent lives with, or lived with at some point in a married or de facto relationship. This may also be described as a co-habiting partner.
In the context of Witnessed Violence however, partner refers to the person who is in a relationship with the respondent’s mother/stepmother and father/stepfather. For further information, refer to the Witness Violence Before the Age of 15 page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
#### Physical abuse
Any deliberate physical injury (including bruises) inflicted upon a child (under the age of 15 years) by an adult. Excludes discipline that accidentally resulted in injury, emotional abuse, and physical abuse by someone under the age of 18.
For further information, refer to the Abuse Before the Age of 15 page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
#### Physical assault
Any incident that involved the use of physical force with the intent to harm or frighten a person. Assaults may have occurred in conjunction with a robbery and includes incidents that occurred on the job, where a person was assaulted in their line of work (e.g. assaulted while working as a security guard), at school or overseas. Examples of physical force include:
• Pushed, grabbed or shoved - Includes being pushed off a balcony, down stairs or across the room.
• Slapped - Includes a hit with an open hand.
• Kicked, bitten or hit with a fist.
• Hit you with something else that could hurt you - Includes being hit with a bat, hammer, belt, pot, ruler, etc.
• Beaten - Includes punching, hitting or slapping in a repetitive manner.
• Choked - Includes being choked by hands, a rope, a scarf, a tie or any other item.
• Stabbed - With a knife.
• Shot - With a gun.
• Any other type of physical assault - Includes burns, scalds, being dragged by the hair or being deliberately hit by a vehicle.
Physical assault excludes incidents that occurred during the course of play on a sporting field and excludes incidents of violence that occurred before the age of 15 (which are defined as physical abuse).
If a person experienced physical assault and physical threat in the same incident, this was counted once only as a physical assault. If a person experienced sexual assault and physical assault in the same incident, this was counted once only as a sexual assault.
#### Physical threat
Any verbal and/or physical intent or suggestion of intent to inflict physical harm, which was made face-to-face and which the person believed was able to be and likely to be carried out. Examples of physical threats include:
• Threaten or attempt to hit with a fist or anything else that could hurt - Includes threats or attempts to slap, punch, spank or hit in any way with a fist or weapon such as a bat, hammer or pot.
• Threaten or attempt to stab with a knife.
• Threaten or attempt to shoot with a gun - The gun may or may not have been aimed at the person. It includes situations where a gun was left in an obvious place or if the person knew that the perpetrator had access to a gun. It includes toy guns, starter pistols etc., if the person believed they were real.
• Threaten or attempt to physically hurt in any other way.
Physical threat excludes any incident in which the threat was actually carried out and incidents which occurred during the course of play on a sporting field.
If a person experienced sexual threat and physical threat in the same incident, this was counted once only as a sexual threat.
#### Physical violence
The occurrence, attempt or threat of physical assault experienced by a person since the age of 15.
For further information, refer to the Violence Prevalence and Violence - Most Recent Incident pages in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
#### Population
Females and males aged 18 years and over.
#### Prevalence of violence
Prevalence of violence refers to the number and proportion (rate) of persons in a given population that have experienced any type of violence within a specified time frame – usually in the last 12 months (12 months prior to the survey) and since the age of 15.
For further information, refer to the Violence Prevalence page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
#### Previous partner
A person that the respondent lived with at some point in a married or de facto relationship from whom the respondent is now separated, divorced or widowed from.
#### Proxy
A proxy is a person who answers the survey questions when the person selected for the interview is incapable of answering for themselves. Reasons the selected person may not be able to answer for themselves include illness/injury or language difficulties.
For this survey, a proxy was used to complete the general information component on behalf of the selected person. No proxy interviews were conducted on the voluntary components of the survey and therefore data for these selected persons were not used in output. For more details, refer to the Proxy section of the Survey Development and Data Collection page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
#### Relative Standard Error
The Relative Standard Error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a proportion of an estimated value.
For further information, refer to the Technical Note page of this publication.
#### Sexual abuse
Any act by an adult involving a child (under the age of 15 years) in sexual activity beyond their understanding or contrary to currently accepted community standards. Excludes emotional abuse and sexual abuse by someone under the age of 18.
For further information, refer to the Abuse Before the Age of 15 page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
#### Sexual assault
An act of a sexual nature carried out against a person's will through the use of physical force, intimidation or coercion, including any attempts to do this. This includes rape, attempted rape, aggravated sexual assault (assault with a weapon), indecent assault, penetration by objects, forced sexual activity that did not end in penetration and attempts to force a person into sexual activity. Incidents so defined would be an offence under State and Territory criminal law.
Sexual assault excludes incidents of violence that occurred before the age of 15 - these are defined as sexual abuse. It also excludes unwanted sexual touching - this is defined as sexual harassment.
If a person experienced sexual assault and sexual threat in the same incident, this was counted once only as a sexual assault. If an incident of sexual assault also involved physical assault or threats, this was counted once only as a sexual assault.
#### Sexual harassment
Is considered to have occurred when a person has experienced or been subjected to behaviours which made them feel uncomfortable, and were offensive due to their sexual nature. PSS collects information about selected types of sexual harassment behaviours including:
• Indecent text, email or post - Includes electronic messages (such as text messages, SMS, MMS, posts on Facebook or other internet social networking sites, emails, or other Internet messages), and written messages (such as letters delivered by mail or notes left where a person could find them). Does not include messages in which profanity was used, unless this was offensive due to its sexual content.
• Indecent exposure - Is the act of exposing genitals for the purpose of distressing, shocking, humiliating and/or generating fear in a person.
• Inappropriate comments - Includes inappropriate comments in a group situation as well as when the respondent is alone with the person who is harassing them, and sexual comments that are related to the respondent’s race, such as implying that people of a particular cultural group have certain sexual characteristics.
• Unwanted touching - Is momentary or brief touching or contact and includes groping or brushing against a breast or bottom.
• Distributing or posting pictures or videos of the person, that were sexual in nature, without their consent - Includes taking a photo or video which was sexual in nature, or showing/sending/posting the photos/videos which were sexual in nature.
• Exposure to pictures, videos or materials which were sexual in nature that the person did not wish to see - Includes emailing the person or making them watch pornography, and displaying posters, magazines or screen savers of a sexual nature for the person to see.
For further information, refer to the Sexual Harassment page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
#### Sexual threat
The threat of acts of a sexual nature that were made face-to-face where the person believed it was able to and likely to be carried out.
If a person experienced sexual assault and sexual threat in the same incident, this was counted once only as a sexual assault.
#### Sexual violence
The occurrence, attempt or threat of sexual assault experienced by a person since the age of 15.
For further information, refer to the Violence Prevalence and Violence - Most Recent Incident pages in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
#### Since the age of 15
Refers to any violence experienced by a person since the age of 15.
#### Stalking
Stalking involves various behaviours, such as loitering and following, which the person believed were being undertaken with the intent to cause them fear or distress. To be classified as stalking more than one type of behaviour had to occur, or the same type of behaviour had to occur on more than one occasion. Behaviours include:
• Loitered or hung around outside person's home.
• Loitered or hung around outside person's workplace.
• Loitered hung around outside person's place of leisure or social activities.
• Followed or watched them in person.
• Followed or watched them using electronic tracking device (e.g. GPS tracking system, computer spyware).
• Maintained unwanted contact with them by phone, postal mail, email, text messages or social media websites.
• Posted offensive or unwanted messages, images or personal information on the internet about them.
• Impersonated them online to damage their reputation.
• Hacked or accessed their email, social media or other online account without their consent to follow or track them.
• Gave or left objects where they could be found that were offensive or disturbing.
• Interfered with or damaged any of their property.
For further information, refer to the Stalking page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
#### Standard Error
The Standard Error (SE) indicates the extent to which an estimate might have varied because only a sample of dwellings was included.
For further information, refer to the Technical Note page of this publication.
#### Stranger
Someone the person did not know, or someone they knew by hearsay.
#### Violence
In the PSS, violence is defined as any incident involving the occurrence, attempt or threat of either sexual or physical assault. Violence can be broken down into two main categories, sexual violence and physical violence.
#### Witness violence before the age of 15
The PSS asks respondents if they ever saw or heard violence being directed at one parent by another before the age of 15. Violence in this context refers to physical assault only.
Mother includes step mothers and female guardians or care-givers. Partner includes the respondent’s father/stepfather, and the mother’s boyfriend or same-sex partner.
Father includes step fathers and male guardians or care-givers. Partner includes the respondent’s mother/stepmother, and the father’s girlfriend or same-sex partner.
For further information, refer to the Witness Violence Before the Age of 15 page in the Personal Safety Survey, Australia: User Guide, 2016 (cat. no. 4906.0.55.003).
## Abbreviations
### Show all
ABS Australian Bureau of Statistics ARA Any responsible adult ASCED Australian Standard of Classification of Education ASCL Australian Standard Classification of Language CAPI Computer assisted personal interview CASI Computer assisted self interview COB Country of Birth DSS Department of Social Services MMS Multi-media messaging service MoE Margin of Error MRI Most recent incident PSS Personal Safety Survey RSE Relative Standard Error SE Standard Error SMS Short message service WSS Women's Safety Survey
| 2022-09-28T19:24:16 |
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https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/lunar-apennine-mountains
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# Lunar Apennine Mountains
### Detailed Description
Top down view of the Apennine Mountains. Taken during the Apollo 15 mission. Originally thought to be rough and jagged by map makers Arnold Mason and Robert Hackman, it was discovered that they had been leveled and rounded by micrometoroid impacts over billions of years.
Public Domain.
| 2022-01-18T03:01:36 |
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https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/495313/probability-mass-function-and-probability-density-function
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# Probability mass function and Probability density function
What is the Difference between probability Mass function and probability density function? Why the value of continuous probability distribution function is not the probability for particular input point for example for a continuous distribution say(assume it is pdf under suitable domain). f(x) = x^3 why it is not true that f(3) is probability at 3. what do you mean by f(3)?
Informally, you can think of it as $f(3)$ simply returning the height of the density function, but this is really of no interest. Recall that $f(3)=Pr(X=3)$, and in our case $X$ is a continuous random variable. It does not make sense to speak of probabilities at certain values of $X$ because of this.
For example, let's say I toss a ball. It lands around a 20 feet mark. But, in fact, when I look closer it was more like 19.75. But, looking even closer, it was more like 19.745. But, looking even closer than that, it was more like 19.7445. And so we could continue... It doesn't end! Hence, there is no probability for a certain distance of my toss and we use intervals instead. That is, the probability that I'd toss the ball 20 feet is 0 ($f(20)=Pr(X=20)=0$), but the probability that it's between some interval is not ($Pr(20-\delta < X < 20 +\delta)\neq 0$).
• Really good one... Sep 16, 2013 at 10:58
• please tell me why would we need f(3) if it is not important Sep 16, 2013 at 10:59
• @MilanAmrutJoshi You don't 'need' $f(3)$, but you need $f(x)$ so that you, for example, can calculate the probability that you are in a neighborhood of 3 -- such as $\int_{3-\delta}^{3+\delta}f(x)dx$. It might be helpful using a normal distribution as an example - let $X\sim N(3, 1)$ and $\delta=1.96$. Then $\int_{3-1.96}^{3+1.96}f(x)dx=Pr(3-1.96<X<3+1.96)=Pr(-1.96<X-3<1.96)=0.95$ which should be familiar to you. Choose smaller and smaller values of $\delta$ and see what happens. It's quite well explained in the link, have a look if you haven't already. Sep 16, 2013 at 11:05
• Ok i will have a look .. Sep 16, 2013 at 11:06
I stumbled upon this question and found my answer in MIT OCW notes (Reading 5b and 4a to be precise). I'm quoting the explanation from there.
Probability mass and probability density - these terms are completely analogous to the mass and density you saw in physics and calculus.
Mass as a sum: If masses m1, m2, m3, and m4 are set in a row at positions x1, x2, x3, and x4, then the total mass is m1 + m2 + m3 + m4.
We can define a ‘mass function’ p(x) with p(xj ) = mj for j = 1, 2, 3, 4, and p(x) = 0 otherwise. In this notation the total mass is p(x1) + p(x2) + p(x3) + p(x4). The probability mass function behaves in exactly the same way, except it has the dimension of probability instead of mass.
Mass as an integral of density: Suppose you have a rod of length L meters with varying density f(x) kg/m. (Note the units are mass/length.)
If the density varies continuously, we must find the total mass of the rod by integration:
total mass $$= \int_{0}^{L} f(x) dx$$
This formula comes from dividing the rod into small pieces and ’summing’ up the mass of each piece. That is:
total mass ≈ $$\sum_{i=1}^{n} f(x_i) = \Delta x$$ In the limit as $$\Delta x$$ goes to zero the sum becomes the integral. The probability density function behaves exactly the same way, except it has units of probability/(unit x) instead of kg/m. Indeed, equation (1) is exactly analogous to the above integral for total mass. While we’re on a physics kick, note that for both discrete and continuous random variables, the expected value is simply the center of mass or balance point.
Reference (I couldn't figure out to use "Insert citation" but doing so is required from MIT OCW terms, hence I am manually inserting it here): Jeremy Orloff and Jonathan Bloom. 18.05 Introduction to Probability and Statistics. Spring 2014. Massachusetts Institute of Technology: MIT OpenCourseWare, https://ocw.mit.edu/. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA.(Terms : https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/)
| 2023-02-03T22:59:20 |
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https://beta.aofm.gov.au/publications/annual-reports/part-2-performance-and-outcomes
|
Skip to main content
# Introduction
This part of the annual report is presented in three sections: Section 1 provides an Annual Performance Statement as required by the PGPA Act; Section 2 details the AOFM’s issuance operations, debt and cash portfolio management task and its engagement with the market (namely investors); and Section 3 presents the main considerations for how the AOFM approaches strategy development to underpin its operational objectives.
## Section 1: Annual Performance Statement
As the accountable authority of the Australian Office of Financial Management, I present the 2018-19 Annual Performance Statement of the Australian Office of Financial Management, as required under paragraph 39(1)(a) of the Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Act 2013 (PGPA Act).
In my opinion this annual performance statement accurately reflects the performance of the Australian Office of Financial Management, is based on properly maintained records and complies with subsection 39(2) of the PGPA Act.
Rob Nicholl
Chief Executive Officer
27 September 2019
## Purpose
The AOFM’s purpose is to ensure the government’s debt financing needs are met each year while managing the cash, debt and other portfolios over the medium-long term at low cost subject to acceptable risk. The AOFM takes into account the potential for its operations to impact domestic financial markets.
The AOFM has adopted three key objectives to achieve its purpose:
1. meet the budget financing task in a cost-effective manner subject to acceptable risk;
2. facilitate the government’s cash outlay requirements as and when they fall due; and
3. be a credible custodian of the AGS market, and meet other portfolio responsibilities as directed by government.
The AOFM balances cost and risk considerations but its overriding aim is to ensure that the financing requirements of government are able to be met in full and on time. The AOFM has minimal appetite for failure in any function associated with issuance, settlement and cash management. The design and conduct of its core business processes (including its business continuity arrangements) reflect this risk appetite.
The AOFM monitors its performance against the performance indicators presented in Table 1, sourced from the AOFM’s Corporate Plan 2018-19 and Portfolio Budget Statements 2018-19. Sections 2 and 3 of this part of the Annual Report provide detail on a range of outcomes important to achievement by the AOFM of its annual and longer-term aims. This detail is provided separately to the Performance Statement because it is aimed at financial market participants as the relevant audience.
### Measure (b)
Objective 1: Meet the budget financing task in a cost effective manner subject to acceptable risk
1. Term issuance
Shortfall in volume ($) between actual Treasury Bond issuance and planned issuance announced at the Budget and subsequent releases. 2.1 Financing cost (portfolio) 2.2 Financing cost (issuance) The cost of the long-term debt portfolio compared to the 10 year average of the 10-year bond rate. The cost of Treasury Bond issuance over the past 12 months compared to the average 10-year bond rate over the same period. 3. New issuance yields Weighted average issue yield at Treasury Bond and Treasury Indexed Bond tenders less prevailing mid-market secondary yields. Objective 2: Facilitate the government’s cash outlay requirements as and when they fall due 4. Use of the overdraft facility Number of instances the RBA overdraft facility was utilised to the extent that it required Ministerial approval during the assessment period. Objective 3: AOFM is a credible custodian of the AGS market and other portfolio responsibilities 5. A liquid and efficient secondary market Annual turnover in the secondary market for Treasury Bonds and Treasury Indexed Bonds. 6. Market commitments Number of times the AOFM failed to undertake actions consistent with public announcements. (a) Source: AOFM Corporate Plan 2018-19; Portfolio Budget Statements 2018-19 Budget Related Paper No. 1.16 — Treasury Portfolio, p. 108 (b) Source: AOFM measures performance against indicators using data captured from its market transactions; its financial systems recording portfolio composition; official notices to the market; and secondary financial market turnover data requested from intermediaries. ## Performance Results 2018–19 ### Objective 1: Meet the budget financing task in a cost effective manner subject to acceptable risk Indicator 1 Term Issuance: Shortfall in volume ($) between actual Treasury Bond issuance and planned issuance announced at the Budget and subsequent releases
Target
Zero
Result
Target met
At the time of the 2018–19 Budget, Treasury Bond and Treasury Indexed Bond issuance for the year was expected to total around $77 billion in face value terms. This volume was revised at the time of MYEFO in accordance with a revised improvement in the government’s fiscal position compared to Budget forecasts. #### Treasury Bond issuance Gross Treasury Bond issuance for the year totalled$55.0 billion. This was a significant reduction from the $75.5 billion of Treasury Bonds issued in 2017–18. The bulk of this issuance was into existing bond lines in order to enhance market liquidity. In addition, two new Treasury Bond lines were launched in 2018–19: • a new bond line maturing in June 2031 was issued to support the operation of the 10-year Treasury Bond futures contract and to reduce growth in the amount outstanding in surrounding bond lines, which will make it easier to manage maturity of those bonds lines; and • a new bond line maturing in May 2041 was issued to support the operation of the 20-year Treasury Bond futures contract. In selecting the bond lines to issue each week, the AOFM continued to follow its standard practice of taking into account the debt issuance strategy, prevailing market conditions, information from financial market contacts about investor demand, relative value considerations, the liquidity of outstanding bond lines, and managing the maturity structure to limit funding risk. One or two tenders were held during most weeks. Large transaction volumes were achieved at issues of new Treasury Bonds. The May 2041 ($3.6 billion) was issued by syndication, while a tender was held for the initial issue of the June 2031 ($3.0 billion) bond line. At the end of the year, there were 25 Treasury Bond lines, with 13 of these lines having over$20 billion on issue and 21 having over $10 billion on issue. Chart 2 shows Treasury Bonds outstanding as at 30 June 2019 and the allocation of issuance across bond lines during 2018–19. ### Chart 2: Treasury Bonds outstanding as at 30 June 2019 and issuance in 2018–19 #### Treasury Bond buybacks A total of$23.1 billion of Treasury Bonds were repurchased ahead of maturity in 2018-19, of which $16.7 billion were bonds maturing after 30 June 2019: • 25 Treasury Bond buyback tenders were conducted, at which$14.7 billion of bonds were repurchased;
• the AOFM repurchased $2.05 billion of bonds in conjunction with the syndicated issue of the new 21 May 2041 Treasury Bond; •$6.3 billion of bonds were repurchased from the RBA; and
• a small amount of bonds were repurchased from retail investors who sold their holdings via the Australian Government Securities Buyback Facility.
Buyback tenders are effectively a reverse of normal competitive issuance tenders. The AOFM sets the total volume of bonds it is prepared to buy back and offers from intermediaries are accepted from the highest yield (lowest price) in descending order until the total volume is reached. All Treasury Bond buybacks other than those from retail investors were of lines shorter than the three-year futures basket.
The volume outstanding in short-dated Treasury Bonds was reduced as illustrated in Chart 3.
### Chart 3: Volume outstanding in short-dated Treasury Bonds as at 30 June 2018 and 30 June 2019
#### Treasury Indexed Bond issuance
The AOFM maintains less than 10 per cent of the long-term debt portfolio in the form of Treasury Indexed Bonds, the capital values of which are adjusted with changes in the CPI. The issuance of these bonds typically attracts a different (and predominantly domestic) class of investor compared to Treasury Bonds, providing a source of diversification in the funding base. While the indexed bond portfolio has declined marginally as a share of the long term funding, the total stock of indexed bonds has continued to grow steadily (as shown in Chart 4).
### Chart 4: Treasury Indexed Bonds — average term to maturity and share of the long-term funding base
Treasury Indexed Bond issuance for the year totalled $5.9 billion, of which$2.2 billion was conducted via tender. Two tenders for the issue of Treasury Indexed Bonds were conducted in most months. The volume of each line outstanding, relative yields and other prevailing market conditions were considered in the selection of which line to offer. A syndicated offer for $3.8 billion of a new February 2050 Treasury Indexed Bond line was conducted in September 2018. In conjunction with the syndication, around$2.1 billion of the August 2020 Treasury Indexed Bond line was repurchased.
Chart 5 shows the amount outstanding in each of the eight Treasury Indexed Bond lines as at 30 June 2019, and the allocation of issuance during the 2018–19 year.
### Chart 5: Treasury Indexed Bonds outstanding as at 30 June 2019 and issuance in 2018–19
#### Efficiency of issuance
Table 2 summarises the results of Treasury Bond tenders conducted during the year. The results are shown as averages for each half-year and grouped by the maturity dates of the bonds offered.
### Table 2: Summary of Treasury Bond tender results
Period
Maturity
Face value amount allocated ($m) Weighted average issue yield (%) Average spread to secondary market yield (basis points) Average times covered July - December 2018 Up to 2026 4,900 2.1670 -0.51 5.44 2027 - 2031 20,900 2.6644 -0.30 3.39 2032 - 2047 900 3.0703 -0.15 2.38 January - June 2019 Up to 2026 3,200 1.5485 -0.39 4.45 2027 - 2031 19,600 1.8815 -0.10 3.25 2032 - 2047 1,900 2.3736 0.08 2.64 The average coverage ratio for all Treasury Bond tenders in 2018–19 was 3.57, a decrease from 4.44 in 2017–18. The average tender size of$829 million was higher than in 2017-18, reflecting a move to less frequent tenders. Shorter-dated bond tenders generally received a greater volume of bids (higher than average coverage ratios), which reflected both core investor base interest and a lower supply of short-dated bonds.
The strength of bidding at tenders was also reflected in competitive issue yield spreads to secondary market yields. At most Treasury Bond tenders the weighted average issue yields were below prevailing secondary market yields.
The average coverage ratio was 4.40 for Treasury Indexed Bond tenders, an increase from 3.53 in 2017–18. At most tenders, the weighted average issue yields were below prevailing secondary market yields.
Full tender details are available in Part 5 of this annual report.
#### Market liquidity and efficiency
The Treasury Bond market operated smoothly during 2018-19 with liquidity and efficient price discovery being maintained throughout the year. Repo rates during the first half of the year remained high compared to long term averages with continued pressure around quarter ends, raising the costs to some investors and market makers of holding AGS. The elevated rates experienced during 2018 eased somewhat during the second half of the year.
AOFM monitoring of the market indicates that liquidity in Treasury Indexed Bonds has continued to prove noticeably more challenging than for Treasury Bonds. This is consistent with the relative liquidity of nominal and inflation-linked securities in other sovereign debt markets. Treasury Indexed Bond turnover in 2018-19 was around $52 billion, an increase of 3 per cent from 2017-18. This was driven by a decrease of Interbank turnover Australian investors and in Asia (ex Japan). Intermediaries are responsible for the bulk of trades. ### Chart 7: Annual Treasury Indexed Bond Turnover There was tightness in several indexed bond lines at times during the year, requiring some market participants to borrow these from the securities lending facility. Turnover in the Treasury Bond futures market is significantly higher than in the underlying Treasury Bonds. The three and 10-year Treasury Bond futures contracts are highly liquid: over 60 million three-year contracts (representing$6.0 trillion face value of bonds) and over 52 million 10-year contracts ($5.2 trillion face value of bonds) were traded in 2018–19. Turnover in the 20-year contract is considerably lower: 259,000 contracts ($15.8 billion face value of bonds) were traded. All contract close-outs in 2018–19 occurred smoothly.
The AOFM’s securities lending facility allows market participants to borrow Treasury Bonds and Treasury Indexed Bonds for short periods when they are not otherwise available in the secondary market. This enhances the efficiency of the market by improving the capacity of intermediaries to continuously make two-way prices, reduces the risk of settlement failures, and supports market liquidity. The facility was used 21 times for overnight borrowing in 2018–19 compared with 52 times during 2017-18. The volumes borrowed were lower than in 2017–18, with the total face value amount lent in 2018–19 being $393 million, a decrease from$1,667 million in the previous year.
## Debt portfolio management
### Aims
This section details the outcomes of the AOFM’s portfolio management activities. In managing the debt portfolio and meeting the government’s financing requirements, the AOFM aims for low and stable debt servicing costs over the medium-long term. It also seeks to maintain liquid bond lines to facilitate cost-effective issuance of debt through time and to effectively manage future funding and refinancing risks.
### Approach to achieving the aims
To meet these aims the AOFM endeavours to execute a debt issuance strategy that appropriately accounts for the trade-offs between cost and risk while providing consistent and transparent stewardship of the AGS market in order to underpin confidence and promote market liquidity. Through its operations the AOFM contributes to an efficient and resilient market while seeking to maintain continuity of access to financial markets for the Australian Government.
The AOFM uses cost and risk measures that reflect the considerations faced by sovereign debt managers generally. The primary cost measure used is historic accrual debt service cost. This includes interest payments made on AGS, realised market value gains and losses on repurchases, capital indexation of indexed debt, and the amortisation of any issuance premiums and discounts. Total accrual debt service cost can be expressed as a percentage of the stock of debt outstanding to provide the effective yield of the portfolio. The use of an historic accrual debt service cost measure excludes unrealised market value gains and losses.
An alternative measure of cost is ‘fair value’, which takes account of unrealised gains and losses resulting from movements in the market value of physical debt and assets. Debt service cost outcomes are presented in the AOFM’s financial statements on this basis. A comprehensive income format is used that allows revenues and expenses on an historic basis to be distinguished from the effects of unrealised market value fluctuations. Fair value facilitates an assessment of financial risk exposures and changes in those exposures from year to year, the value of transactions managed and the economic consequences of alternative strategies. It is most useful in the context of trading for profit making purposes.
The AOFM calculates and compares several metrics to assess risk. In general, an acceptable level of risk can be characterised as an acceptable level of variation in interest cost outcomes over time. Debt issuance decisions made today impact the variability of future interest cost outcomes because of their influence on the maturity profile of the portfolio and hence the amount of debt that needs to be refinanced (and ‘re-priced’) through time.
### Outcomes
#### Portfolio cost
The debt servicing cost[1] of the net AGS portfolio managed by the AOFM in 2018–19 was $17.42 billion on an average book volume of$527.01 billion, representing a net cost of funds of 3.31 per cent for the financial year. The largest component of net AGS debt is the Long Term Debt Portfolio (LTDP), comprised primarily of Treasury Bonds and Treasury Indexed Bonds, which incurred debt servicing costs of $17.92 billion on an average book volume of$550.16 billion, implying a cost of funds of 3.26 per cent. The difference between net AGS debt and the LTDP is attributable to the short term assets and liabilities the AOFM uses for liquidity management purposes (term deposits and Treasury Notes) and other residual assets (such as state housing advances).
Table 3 provides further details of the cost outcomes for the portfolio of debt and assets administered by the AOFM broken down by instrument and portfolio for 2018-19 as well as 2017–18.
### Table 3: Commonwealth debt and assets administered by the AOFM
Debt servicing cost
$million Book volume$ million
Effective yield
per cent per annum
2017-18
2018-19
2017-18
2018-19
2017-18
2018-19
Contribution by instrument
Treasury Bonds
(15,854)
(16,136)
(485,291)
(505,825)
3.27
3.19
Treasury Indexed Bonds
(1,598)
(1,785)
(43,207)
(44,337)
3.70
4.03
Treasury Notes
(67)
(63)
(3,950)
(3,398)
1.70
1.85
Gross physical AGS debt
(17,519)
(17,984)
(532,448)
(553,560)
3.29
3.25
Term deposits with the RBA
650
459
37,095
24,748
1.75
1.85
RMBS investments
37
915
4.04
0.00
State Housing Advances
110
106
1,880
1,801
5.86
5.89
Gross assets
797
565
39,890
26,548
2.00
2.13
Net AGS debt
(16,722)
(17,419)
(492,558)
(527,011)
3.39
3.31
Contribution by portfolio
Long Term Debt Portfolio
(17,452)
(17,921)
(528,498)
(550,162)
3.30
3.26
Cash Management Portfolio
583
396
33,145
21,350
1.76
1.85
RMBS Portfolio
37
915
4.04
0.00
State Housing Portfolio
110
106
1,880
1,801
5.86
5.89
Total debt and assets
(16,722)
(17,419)
(492,558)
(527,011)
3.39
3.31
Re-measurements (a)
581
(43,550)
Total after re-measurements
(16,141)
(60,969)
(492,558)
(527,011)
Note: Sub totals and totals are actual sum results, rounded to the nearest million dollars. Effective yields are based on actual results before rounding, rounded to two decimal places. Book volume is a through the year average.
(a) Interest expense and effective yield on foreign loans incorporates foreign exchange revaluation effects.
(b) Re-measurements refer to unrealised gains and losses from changes in the market valuation of financial assets and liabilities.
The cost of gross debt increased in dollar terms by $0.47 billion compared to the previous year. This was primarily due to an increase in the average volume of debt on issue by$21.11 billion to $553.65 billion. However, in percentage terms the funding cost of gross debt declined by 4 basis points to 3.25 per cent. This improvement was driven by the issuance of new bonds at yields that were below the average of pre-existing (and maturing) debt. The return on gross assets in dollar terms for the period was$565 million, a decrease of $232 million compared to 2017–18. This was driven by a$191 million decrease in income from term deposits (resulting from smaller holdings) as well as a $37 million reduction in income following the completion of the RMBS divestment process in February 2018. However, in percentage terms the return of gross assets increased by 13 basis points to 2.13 per cent. The net servicing cost of the combined portfolio of debt and assets was$17.42 billion. This was higher in dollar terms compared to 2017–18, primarily due to the higher volume of debt on issue. In percentage terms, net debt servicing costs fell from 3.39 per cent to 3.31 per cent, slightly larger than the fall in gross debt servicing costs.
Movements in market interest rates had an unfavourable impact on the market value of the portfolio in 2018–19. Unrealised losses from re-measurements amounted to $43.55 billion. This compares to an unrealised gain of$0.58 billion in the previous year. Most of the re-measurement losses are attributable to changes in the market value of Treasury Bonds. Re-measurement items are highly volatile from one year to the next and have no bearing on the AOFM’s debt issuance strategy. Indeed, were the AOFM to adopt a strategy designed to minimise the ‘noise’ from re-measurements, issuance would be limited to only very short-term debt securities, for example Treasury Notes and near maturity bonds. However, this would create a portfolio structure that would maximise expected variability in debt servicing costs when measured in cash, accrual and public debt interest terms, while also maximising exposure to refinancing and funding risk. In practice the AOFM has been seeking to reduce these risks through allocating a greater proportion of issuance to long dated bond lines.
#### Portfolio risk management
Chart 8 shows the funding cost profile of the net AGS debt portfolio and the LTDP back to 2007-08. These profiles are contrasted with the cash rate and the 10-year moving average of the 10-year bond yield. With interest rates trending down, funding costs on net debt and the LTDP have declined by 188 and 200 basis points respectively since 2010-11. This compares to declines of 350 basis points in the cash rate and 205 basis points in the 10 year average of the 10-year bond rate over the same period. Given the largely fixed cost structure of net debt and the LTDP, changes in funding cost will always lag changes in the overnight cash rate (changing only when existing debt securities or assets mature or new securities are issued/investments placed).
### Chart 8: Net AGS debt and LTDP cost of funds analysis (per cent)
The reduced risk levels of the portfolio in terms of funding, refinancing and interest rate risk are demonstrated in Chart 9 below. The chart shows a steady decline in the short to medium term Treasury Bond refinancing task, measured as the proportion of the stock of Treasury Bonds on issue through time[2]. At 30 June 2010 the structure of the portfolio was such that 43 per cent and 65 per cent of bonds required refinancing over the next three and five year periods respectively; these have continued to decline and have now fallen to 21 per cent and 39 per cent.
## Cash management
### Aims
The AOFM manages the daily cash balances of the Australian Government in the OPA.[3] This is undertaken in a manner that ensures the government is able to meet its financial obligations as and when they fall due. Other objectives are to minimise the cost of funding and the carrying cost of holding cash balances (which centres on holding only balances assessed as prudent to cover forecast needs and contingencies, while investing excess balances at low or minimal risk). In minimising cost, the AOFM seeks to avoid use of the overdraft facility provided by the RBA.[4]
### Approach to achieving the aims
Achieving the cash management objective involves formulating forecasts of government cash flows, and developing and implementing appropriate strategies for short-term investments and debt issuance.
A precautionary asset balance is maintained to manage the forecasting risk associated with potentially large unexpected cash requirements (or shortfalls in revenue collections) and the funding risk associated with market constraints.
Cash balances not required immediately were invested in term deposits at the RBA, with the magnitudes and tenors of the term deposits determined by the AOFM. Maturity dates of term deposits were selected to most efficiently finance net outflows. Interest rates for term deposits at the RBA reflect the rates earned by the RBA in its open market operations.
Treasury Notes are issued to assist with management of the within-year funding requirement. The volume of Treasury Notes on issue ranged from $2.5 billion to$5.0 billion during 2018–19.
The size and volatility of the within-year funding requirement are reflected in changes in the short-term financial asset holdings managed by the AOFM, after deducting Treasury Notes on issue. Chart 10 shows movement in the funding requirement over the year.
### Outcomes
The task of meeting the government’s financial obligations as and when they fall due was fully met. The overdraft facility was not utilised in 2018–19.
During 2018–19, the AOFM placed 390 term deposits with the RBA. The stock of term deposits fluctuated according to a range of factors influencing the AOFM’s cash portfolio management needs. The balance of term deposits ranged from a maximum of $46.0 billion in July 2018 to a minimum of$11.3 billion in January 2019.
The average yield obtained on term deposits during 2018–19 was 1.85 per cent, compared with 1.75 per cent in 2017–18. The increase in average yield reflects the higher average level of short-dated interest rates that prevailed during 2018–19.
## Market engagement
### Aims
Consistent and regular market engagement assists the AOFM to maintain a comprehensive understanding of market related issues including major announcements and events, impacts on the global flow of capital, changing investor preferences, and the performance of banks that play the role of intermediaries — particularly in the AGS market. While this latter aim can in part be served by assessing announced regulatory changes, there remains the need for ongoing direct engagement with market participants. The AOFM also understands the importance of regular engagement with investors to ensure that they understand the key considerations underpinning the AOFM’s issuance and market maintenance/development strategies and appreciable changes in operation should these arise from time to time.
Market engagement by the AOFM continues to place a heavy emphasis on maintaining lines of communication with investors and bank intermediaries. This is done directly with both, and indirectly, with investors through feedback from the banks. Ongoing engagement assists greatly in understanding how investors view financial markets generally and in turn their view on the outlook for AGS and how intermediaries interact with and service the end investor.
### Approach to achieving the Aims
Market engagement is based on an investor relations program underpinned by an investor relations strategy that is reviewed annually. This review takes account of changes in market conditions, investor activity, known changes in the key investor base, and the AOFM’s planned issuance strategy.
The Investor Relations strategy has three themes:
• collecting and analysing market intelligence from investors;
• managing and maintaining updates to key investors about the AOFM’s program of activities and its intended operations; and
• a deepening of the investor base through engagement with new or potentially new investors.
Diversification of the AGS investor base is expected to change with appreciable shifts in financial market conditions. Given the complexity of influences on the attractiveness of AGS relative to alternative investment options it is difficult to predict with a high degree of confidence full detail of the AGS investor composition at any point in time. However, the AOFM is highly active in looking to understand changes as they occur. It does this through high frequency and comprehensive communication with market participants. In this regard the major focus of investor engagement continues to be, engaging with our key investors and collecting and analysing the information on their portfolio activities as we receive it from them.
### Outcomes
For the last two years the AOFM’s market engagement has been heavily guided by the shift in its operations away from active market development through yield curve extensions and the introduction of a high number of new Treasury Bond and Treasury Indexed Bond maturities, to more of a market maintenance role. There were effectively two key drivers for this change; one was achieving the market and portfolio objectives of establishing 30-year benchmark yield curves for both the nominal and indexed yield curves (with no strong incentive to extend beyond 30-years), and the ongoing reduction in the budget deficit with consequent smaller funding tasks. Together these factors have made the AOFM’s discussion with market participants appreciably more straightforward and this has allowed for an easier task of updating investors via teleconference and videoconferencing as substitutes for the regular face-to-face engagement that had previously been more appropriate. Due to the April Budget followed by the federal election, direct engagement over the months of March through to June was not conducted.
For the year overall, discussions were held with 95 investors directly (compared with 128 in 2017–18). This comprised of 65 face to face meetings and 30 video/teleconferencing calls. Although direct investor meetings were down from the year before, the AOFM was still able to cover a larger number of geographically diverse key AGS investors from differing sectors of the market. Key investors engaged via teleconference and videoconference were from 19 cities outside of Australia.
The AOFM intends to continue these methods where appropriate as a supplement to direct face-to-face meetings. However for some areas or regions the AOFM did not feel that conference calls were an appropriate method to use due to the lack of familiarity with certain investors and other practical considerations.
Face-to-face meetings with investors were held with the domestic investor base; around 30 meetings with large fund managers, bank balance sheets and superannuation funds. Domestic investors continue to hold around 40 per cent of total AGS outstanding. There was one overseas series of meetings conducted in London, Paris and Madrid.
To also supplement communication with investors, the AOFM launched a quarterly investor note (Investor Insights) on the 1st of June this year via the AOFM website. ‘Investor Insights’ will provide AOFM views and background thinking on a range of AGS related matters.
The AOFM continued its past practice of using appropriate opportunities offered through conferences and speaking events. These events offer AOFM the opportunity to engage briefly but directly with investors and to reiterate key messages and themes, regarding AGS issuance and its market impacts. Each year the Australian Business Economists hosts a post-Budget speech by the CEO. It remains an important platform to provide information to the market for the upcoming year by giving the market some detail around the AOFM’s intentions for forthcoming issuance and operations; (June) 2019 was the ninth consecutive year for this event.
The conference and investor missions hosted by the financial intermediaries in which the AOFM participated included a CBA Fixed Income Conference, ANZ Hunter Valley Debt Conference, the Deutsche Bank Investor Mission and an ANZ Investor Tour. The AOFM also spoke at the annual KangaNews roundtable and again participated in its annual year book publication. While these events do not substitute for the benefits derived from face-to-face meetings, they remain useful in their own right and typically offer opportunity for short face-to-face meetings with selected attendees.
The current approach to maintaining investor engagement is considered appropriate during lower and stable issuance programs and with the current operational approach to achieving these programs having been comprehensively explained to and understood by AGS investors. In the event that the AOFM foreshadowed a significant change in issuance or the nature of its approach to the market, a return to more intensive and widespread face-to-face investor engagement would be considered as appropriate.
### Table 4: Summary of investor relations activities in 2018-19
Activity Details Conferences, speaking engagements and investor roadshows 9 events Presentations: large engagements/ roundtables 5 presentations Approximate total audience size: large presentations 220 attendees Individual investor meetings 65 investor meetings Individual investor Tele/ Video Calls 30 Individual cities visited 7 cities AOFM staff participating in investor relation activities CEO, Head of Investor Relations, Head Portfolio Strategy & Research, Head Funding & Liquidity. Head of Market Intelligence, Senior Analyst, Investor Relations, Analyst Funding and Liquidity Hosting banks: Investor roadshows, conferences, roundtable discussions ANZ, Citi Commonwealth Bank of Australia, Deutsche Bank UBS, Westpac
## Section 3: Portfolio and Operational Strategy
### Debt Portfolio Management
#### Aims
The AOFM is a price-taker in global capital markets but influences the cost and risk profile of the AGS portfolio through the maturity structure of the securities it issues (and to a lesser extent, the mix between nominal and inflation-linked securities). Issuing longer-term securities will typically involve paying higher debt service costs (in the presence of a positive term premium)[5] although this is compensated by reduced variability in future interest cost outcomes and lower exposure to refinancing risk.[6] Issuing shorter term debt securities by contrast will typically incur less interest cost (avoiding a term premium), but result in higher variability in cost outcomes through time and a greater debt refinancing task. Striking the right balance between these cost and risk considerations is the debt manager’s ongoing challenge.
Developing a medium to long-term view on appropriate portfolio management and then translating that into annual decision making on a strategy to implement that portfolio management objective is informed by an ongoing research program. This program is focussed on exploring the cost and risk characteristics of alternative portfolio structures and issuance strategies under a wide range of scenarios. This is done in light of prevailing fiscal and economic conditions, as well as an assessment of broader market trends. Drawing on this research, the AOFM formulated a strategy for the structure and composition of issuance for 2018-19 that was approved by the Treasurer at the time of the Budget. Separately, a range of complementary limits, thresholds, guidelines and targets governing the AOFM’s operations were submitted to the Secretary to the Treasury for approval through an Annual Remit. These governance arrangements provide appropriate oversight for the impact of AOFM’s gross issuance decisions each year on overall debt policy.
Implementing the annual issuance strategy involves weekly decisions such as determining how much and which lines to issue, or when a new maturity should be established. These operational decisions are influenced by several factors including prevailing market conditions, relative value considerations and feedback from intermediaries and investors. The ongoing suitability of the annual debt issuance and portfolio strategies is under constant review, but the strategies would only be changed during the year in the face of substantive changes to market conditions or the fiscal outlook.
#### Debt Issuance Strategy
The AOFM’s strategy for 2018-19 was formulated amid a strengthening global economic environment, and was in large part influenced by a continuation of low outright bond yields (from a historical perspective), and a low term premium (which increases the cost-effectiveness of longer term issuance).
In the first half of 2018-19 the synchronised strengthening of global economic data continued and expectations of higher policy rates tended to result in higher government bond yields. However, there was an abrupt change in the outlook in mid-2018-19 as expectations for global growth and monetary policy were revised to reflect a weakening outlook, leading to a significant rally in government bond yields (Chart 12).
### Chart 12: Evolution of Treasury Bond benchmark yields
The yield curve flattened through the first half of 2018-19 before re-steepening in the second half of the year. Most of this change in longer bond yields reflected changes in other markets more than appreciable changes in the demand for AGS. Short-term AGS yields decreased in 2018-19 reflecting market expectations for a lower RBA monetary policy rate. The cash rate was subsequently lowered in June 2019 to 1.25 per cent to a new historic low. The 10-year and 30-year benchmark yield ended the financial year at 1.32 and 1.94 per cent respectively (also near historic lows).
In light of prevailing market conditions and funding requirements, the AOFM’s strategy in 2018–19 followed a broadly similar theme to recent years, with a bias toward longer term issuance and further lengthening of the average term to maturity of the debt portfolio. Low outright rates and a very low (or zero) term premium reinforced this strategy from a cost effectiveness perspective. At its core, the 2018–19 portfolio strategy was designed to preserve the AOFM’s operational flexibility under a wide variety of circumstances, while continuing to benefit from the relatively low interest rates on offer. The strategy was complemented by a regular program of bond buyback tenders. The strategy also aimed to support diversity in the AGS investor base.
#### Debt Portfolio and Issuance Metrics
Chart 13 demonstrates the lengthening bias implicit in the AOFM’s issuance strategy with the average Treasury Bond issued in 2018–19 having a term to maturity of 11.27 years[7]. The issuance program continued to benefit from low interest rates, with an average yield on new issuance of 2.29 per cent. [8]
### Chart 13: Treasury Bond issuance — average yield, term to maturity and 10-year bond yield
Chart 14 shows that the average term to maturity of the Treasury Bond portfolio as a whole lengthened by 0.06 years to 7.44 years over 2018-2019. Duration was also higher by 0.43 years finishing the year at 6.60 years. The effective cost of funds (or yield) on the Treasury Bond portfolio fell from 3.12 to 2.99 over the same period.[9]
### Chart 14: Treasury Bond portfolio — modified duration, average term to maturity and cost of funds
The structure and effective yield on the Treasury Bond portfolio as at 30 June 2019 is a product of issuance undertaken since the 2007-08 fiscal year. Around two thirds of the current portfolio for instance was issued in the last four financial years at average yields below the portfolio average of 2.99 percent as depicted in Chart 15.
### Chart 15: Treasury Bond portfolio — composition and average yield by issuance year, as at 30 June 2019
Chart 16 shows that more than half of current Treasury Bonds were issued with an original term to maturity of between 9 and 12 years. When issuance beyond 12 years is included, around three quarters of the portfolio has been issued with an original term to maturity of 9 years or longer. The predominance of longer term bonds in the portfolio is reflective of the AOFM lengthening bias since the start of the decade. This has contributed considerably to aim of reducing funding risk and the potential for high volatility in future interest rate outcomes.
### Chart 16: Treasury Bond portfolio — composition and average yield by original term to maturity, as at 30 June 2019
The AOFM’s strategy for the indexed bond proportion of the portfolio has been to provide sufficient supply to meet investor requirements while supporting liquidity and the continuing development of the market over time. Over 2018-19, Treasury Indexed Bonds comprised on average around 8 per cent of total term debt (nominal and indexed bonds) on issue. This share has been stable for several years now although the overall size of the market has continued to grow in dollar terms. Issuance of Treasury Indexed Bonds in 2018-19 was $5.9 billion gross and$0.5 billion in net terms after buybacks and maturities. The real yield curve was extended to 30 years through the successful launch of the 2050 line in September 2018.
In 2018–19, the AOFM continued to favour a relatively defensive liquidity strategy by maintaining an asset buffer (in the form of term deposits with the RBA) to act as a precaution against a possible deterioration in funding conditions. The AOFM anticipated that it would have sufficient cash and liquid assets available, each business day of the fiscal year, to fund the next four or more weeks of projected net government outlays and AGS maturities.
[1] Debt servicing cost includes net interest expense (measured on an accruals basis and includes realised gains and losses on the disposal of assets or liabilities) plus foreign exchange revaluation gains and losses (now minimal). Unrealised changes in the market valuation of domestic debt and assets are not part of this measure.
[2] In absolute dollar terms, the quantum of three and five year maturities in the portfolio has still grown although this has occurred at a considerably slower pace compared to growth in the overall stock of Treasury Bonds.
[3] The OPA is the collective term for the core bank accounts maintained at the RBA for Australian Government cash balance management.
[4] The overdraft facility is more costly than equivalent short-term borrowing (for example, issuance of Treasury Notes). The terms of the facility provide that it is to cover only temporary shortfalls of cash and is to be used infrequently and, in general, only to cover unexpected events.
[5] The term premium is the additional yield demanded by investors in order to hold a long-term bond instead of a series of shorter-term bonds.
[6] Refinancing risk, also referred to as rollover risk or re-pricing risk, is the risk that renewed borrowings to replace maturing debt occurs on unfavourable terms (or perhaps not at all).
[7] Calculation is based on the term to maturity of each bond issued during the year, weighted by book value.
[8] Calculation is based on issue yields during the year weighted by book value.
[9] These are point in time measures as at 30 June each year, in contrast to the debt servicing cost incurred throughout the year captured in Table 3. Figures are calculated by weighting Treasury Bond issuance yields by book volume.
| 2020-05-29T23:32:19 |
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|
https://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/blog_held/30-extremes/
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# 30. Extremes
Posted on August 4th, 2012 in Isaac Held's Blog
Percentage change in the precipitation falling on days within which the daily precipitation is above the pth percentile (p is horizontal axis) as a function of latitude and averaged over longtitude, over the 21st century in a GCM projection for a business-as-usual scenario, from Pall et al 2007.
(I have added a paragraph under element (1) below in response to some off-line comments — Aug 15)
When I think about global warming enhancing “extremes”, I tend to distinguish in my own mind between different aspects of the problem as follows (there is nothing new here, but these distinctions are not always made very explicit):
1) increases in the frequency of extreme high temperatures that result from an increase in the mean of the temperature distribution without change in the shape of the distribution or in temporal correlations
The assumption that the distribution about the mean and correlations in time do not change certainly seems like an appropriately conservative starting point. But if you look far out on the distribution, the effects on the frequency of occurrence of days above a fixed high temperature, or of consecutive occurrences of very hot days (heat waves), can be surprisingly large. Just assuming a normal distribution, or playing with the shape of the tails of the distribution, and asking simple questions of this sort can be illuminating. I’m often struck by the statement that “we don’t care about the mean; we care about extremes” when these two things are so closely related (in the case of temperature). Uncertainty in the temperature response translates directly into uncertainty in changes in extreme temperatures in this fixed distribution limit. It would be nice if, in model projections, it was more commonplace to divide up the responses in extreme temperatures into a part due just to the increase in mean and a part due to everything else. It would make it easier to see if there was much that was robust across models in the “everything else” part. And it also emphasizes the importance of comparing the shape of the tails of the distributions in models and observations. Of course from this fixed-distribution perspective every statement about the increase in hot extremes is balanced by one about decreases in cold extremes.
(Added Aug 15) The discussion of this topic is often confused by the fact that people are asking different questions. Suppose we consider days that exceed some fixed temperature $T$ that is on the tail of the distribution of daily temperatures. If the mean temperature warms by $\delta T$, while holding the distribution about the mean fixed, this number could increase dramatically, depending on the shape of the distribution, even if $\delta T$ is much smaller than the width of the distribution. In this case, the mean warming is contributing a small fraction of the temperature anomaly in these extreme warm events even though the probability of these events has increased a lot (see Otto et al, 2012 for a discussion of the Russian heat wave along these lines). If we redefined our criterion for a very hot day by upping the criterion by the small amount $\delta T$ we would go from a description of what is going on as one in which the “number of very hot days increases dramatically” to one in which “the number of very hot days does not change but they are on average $\delta T$ warmer”: $P_{new}(T) >> P_{old}(T) = P_{new}(T + \delta T)$. My gut reactions to these two descriptions of the same physical situation are rather different. The goal has to be to relate these changes to impacts (things we care about) to decide what our level of concern should be, rather than relying on these emotional reactions to the way we phrase things.
2) increases in extreme precipitation that result from an increase in atmospheric moisture, this increase in turn resulting from the increase in saturation vapor pressure resulting from warming — without changes in the winds that are converging moisture into the region of interest during these extreme precipitation episodes;
There is an important sense in which the increase in high precipitation events is more basic, and more robust, than the changes in the mean precipitation. Some expectations for the latter are discussed in Post #13-14 and include regions of increasing and regions of decreasing mean precipitation. Changes in extremely high precipitation events seem to be simpler — we expect them to increase nearly everywhere. It is precisely when one is strongly converging water into some region, creating a lot of precipitation, that the upper bound on the water vapor in the atmosphere comes into play most strongly. irrespective of what the time mean humidity is doing. If you think of the dominant term that is trying to increase water vapor mixing ratios $q$ in regions of strong upward motion $w$ as $-w \partial q/\partial z$, and assume that the atmosphere is saturated $q = q_s$ over some depth, then the rain rate would be determined by integrating $w \partial q_s/\partial z = w (\partial q_s/\partial T)( \partial T/\partial z)$ over the layer within which condensation is preventing supersaturation. Since the saturation mixing ratio at a given pressure is just a function of temperature, and the temperature profile would be moist adiabatic, we have a straightforward null hypothesis connecting the warming and changes in these precipitation extremes, just as we do for temperature extremes.
The figure at the top of the page, from Pall et al (2007) illustrates this nicely. Take each grid point in a GCM and create a histogram of daily precipitation. Look at the change in total precip above the p-percentile of precip values, for a particular scenario by the end of the 21st century. To create a smooth zeroth-order picture, sum the p-percentile precip at each point over longitude and then compute the fractional change in the precip amount — as a function of p and of latitude. I like this plot because of the way it distinguishes between the subtropics (where mean precip is decreasing) and subpolar latitudes (where the mean is increasing) — but it does have the disadvantage, if I am interpreting it correctly, that these averaged results are dominated by the high precip regions at that latitude. In subpolar latitudes, precip is increasing in both heavy and light precip events. In the subtropics there is an increase in very heavy precip events (above the 90-95th percentile of daily values) but a decrease when the rainfall values are light. It is the latter that is evidently causing the reduction in the mean, along with an increase in the frequency of dry days not evident in this plot. SREX (Ch. 3) has a summary of observations of trends in extreme precipitation and a lot of references.
3) changes in the frequency or severity of storms or lower frequency climate anomalies, such as droughts, resulting from changes in atmospheric or oceanic circulations on large scales.
An example might be a poleward shift in the Atlantic storm track increasing the frequency of extreme wind and extreme surface wave events on the poleward flank, and decreasing these same extreme events on the equatorward flank of the storm track. These changes in extremes do not result from any subtle change in the underlying dynamics of the storms or waves — the robustness of the changes in extremes depends entirely on the robustness of the large-scale storm track shift.
Another example is the constructive superposition of la Nina and global warming-induced drought over the southern tier of the continental US. Radiative forcing due to increased well-mixed greenhouse gases expands the subtropics and shifts the midlatitude storm tracks polewards in a variety of models of different levels of complexity. El Nino has the opposite effect, especially over and downstream of the Pacific, where it shifts the jet and storm track equatorwards. So the opposite phase of the ENSO cycle, la Nina events, tends to reduce precipitation especially in the southern tier of the continental US (see here). See also this analysis by Bergman et al 2010 of the connections between Pacific ocean temperatures and medieval megadroughts. The la Nina response adds to the simulated effect of the greenhouse gases (here). See also Lau et al 2008 for discussion related to this superposition. By the same token, some of the effects of El Nino events on North America due to the changes in atmospheric circulation might be ameliorated. Even if the meteorology turns out to be basically a linear superposition, impacts of various kinds — forest fires, agricultural, etc, — will remain a source of strong nonlinearities. It is the existence of these nonlinearities in impacts that makes this constructive interference for US drought between la Nina and warming important, even if the effects of warming on the ENSO variability itself turn out to be modest.
Finally, we have–
4) Changes in the intensity of storms.
There is a tempting hand-waving argument that storms will intensify because there would be more heat of condensation released in rising air, creating more buoyancy and stronger upward motion, but there are a variety of reasons why this is not a convincing argument. In any case, you have to distinguish between extratropical storms and tropical cyclones — these have such different dynamics that they present us with two very different sets of problems. I’ll try to get back to some of these eventually. My point here is just to emphasize that, as outlined above, there are reasons to expect changes in extremes that do not depend on these changes in storm intensity.
[The views expressed on this blog are in no sense official positions of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or the Department of Commerce.]
| 2022-12-06T14:10:06 |
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|
https://lammps.sandia.gov/doc/fix_tfmc.html
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# fix tfmc command
## Syntax
fix ID group-ID tfmc Delta Temp seed keyword value
• ID, group-ID are documented in fix command
• tfmc = style name of this fix command
• Delta = maximal displacement length (distance units)
• Temp = imposed temperature of the system
• seed = random number seed (positive integer)
• zero or more keyword/arg pairs may be appended
• keyword = com or rot
com args = xflag yflag zflag
xflag,yflag,zflag = 0/1 to exclude/include each dimension
rot args = none
## Examples
fix 1 all tfmc 0.1 1000.0 159345
fix 1 all tfmc 0.05 600.0 658943 com 1 1 0
fix 1 all tfmc 0.1 750.0 387068 com 1 1 1 rot
## Description
Perform uniform-acceptance force-bias Monte Carlo (fbMC) simulations, using the time-stamped force-bias Monte Carlo (tfMC) algorithm described in (Mees) and (Bal).
One successful use case of force-bias Monte Carlo methods is that they can be used to extend the time scale of atomistic simulations, in particular when long time scale relaxation effects must be considered; some interesting examples are given in the review by (Neyts). An example of a typical use case would be the modelling of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes on a surface, in which impacts by gas-phase species can be performed using MD, but subsequent relaxation of the surface is too slow to be done using MD only. Using tfMC can allow for a much faster relaxation of the surface, so that higher fluxes can be used, effectively extending the time scale of the simulation. (Such an alternating simulation approach could be set up using a loop.)
The initial version of tfMC algorithm in (Mees) contained an estimation of the effective time scale of such a simulation, but it was later shown that the speed-up one can gain from a tfMC simulation is system- and process-dependent, ranging from none to several orders of magnitude. In general, solid-state processes such as (re)crystallization or growth can be accelerated by up to two or three orders of magnitude, whereas diffusion in the liquid phase is not accelerated at all. The observed pseudodynamics when using the tfMC method is not the actual dynamics one would obtain using MD, but the relative importance of processes can match the actual relative dynamics of the system quite well, provided Delta is chosen with care. Thus, the system’s equilibrium is reached faster than in MD, along a path that is generally roughly similar to a typical MD simulation (but not necessarily so). See (Bal) for details.
Each step, all atoms in the selected group are displaced using the stochastic tfMC algorithm, which is designed to sample the canonical (NVT) ensemble at the temperature Temp. Although tfMC is a Monte Carlo algorithm and thus strictly speaking does not perform time integration, it is similar in the sense that it uses the forces on all atoms in order to update their positions. Therefore, it is implemented as a time integration fix, and no other fixes of this type (such as fix nve) should be used at the same time. Because velocities do not play a role in this kind of Monte Carlo simulations, instantaneous temperatures as calculated by temperature computes or thermodynamic output have no meaning: the only relevant temperature is the sampling temperature Temp. Similarly, performing tfMC simulations does not require setting a timestep and the simulated time as calculated by LAMMPS is meaningless.
The critical parameter determining the success of a tfMC simulation is Delta, the maximal displacement length of the lightest element in the system: the larger it is, the longer the effective time scale of the simulation will be (there is an approximately quadratic dependence). However, Delta must also be chosen sufficiently small in order to comply with detailed balance; in general values between 5 and 10 % of the nearest neighbor distance are found to be a good choice. For a more extensive discussion with specific examples, please refer to (Bal), which also describes how the code calculates element-specific maximal displacements from Delta, based on the fourth root of their mass.
Because of the uncorrelated movements of the atoms, the center-of-mass of the fix group will not necessarily be stationary, just like its orientation. When the com keyword is used, all atom positions will be shifted (after every tfMC iteration) in order to fix the position of the center-of-mass along the included directions, by setting the corresponding flag to 1. The rot keyword does the same for the rotational component of the tfMC displacements after every iteration.
Note
the com and rot keywords should not be used if an external force is acting on the specified fix group, along the included directions. This can be either a true external force (e.g. through fix wall) or forces due to the interaction with atoms not included in the fix group. This is because in such cases, translations or rotations of the fix group could be induced by these external forces, and removing them will lead to a violation of detailed balance.
## Restart, fix_modify, output, run start/stop, minimize info
None of the fix_modify options are relevant to this fix.
This fix is not invoked during energy minimization.
## Restrictions
This fix is part of the MC package. It is only enabled if LAMMPS was built with that package. See the Build package doc page for more info.
This fix is not compatible with fix shake.
## Default
The option default is com = 0 0 0
(Bal) K. M Bal and E. C. Neyts, J. Chem. Phys. 141, 204104 (2014).
(Mees) M. J. Mees, G. Pourtois, E. C. Neyts, B. J. Thijsse, and A. Stesmans, Phys. Rev. B 85, 134301 (2012).
(Neyts) E. C. Neyts and A. Bogaerts, Theor. Chem. Acc. 132, 1320 (2013).
| 2020-10-21T12:39:21 |
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|
https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10374690-antenna-beam-characterization-global-cm-experiment-leda-its-impact-signal-model-parameter-reconstruction
|
Antenna beam characterization for the global 21-cm experiment LEDA and its impact on signal model parameter reconstruction
ABSTRACT
Cosmic dawn, the onset of star formation in the early universe, can in principle be studied via the 21-cm transition of neutral hydrogen, for which a sky-averaged absorption signal, redshifted to MHz frequencies, is predicted to be O(10–100) mK. Detection requires separation of the 21-cm signal from bright chromatic foreground emission due to Galactic structure, and the characterization of how it couples to instrumental response. In this work, we present characterization of antenna gain patterns for the Large-aperture Experiment to detect the Dark Ages (LEDA) via simulations, assessing the effects of the antenna ground-plane geometries used, and measured soil properties. We then investigate the impact of beam pattern uncertainties on the reconstruction of a Gaussian absorption feature. Assuming the pattern is known and correcting for the chromaticity of the instrument, the foregrounds can be modelled with a log-polynomial, and the 21-cm signal identified with high accuracy. However, uncertainties on the soil properties lead to percentage changes in the chromaticity that can bias the signal recovery. The bias can be up to a factor of two in amplitude and up to few per cent in the frequency location. These effects do not appear to be mitigated by larger ground planes, conversely gain more »
Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10374690
Journal Name:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume:
515
Issue:
2
Page Range or eLocation-ID:
p. 1580-1597
ISSN:
0035-8711
Publisher:
Oxford University Press
2. Abstract The detection of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) delay power spectrum using a ”foreground avoidance method” highly depends on the instrument chromaticity. The systematic effects induced by the radio-telescope spread the foreground signal in the delay domain, which contaminates the EoR window theoretically observable. Applied to the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA), this paper combines detailed electromagnetic and electrical simulations in order to model the chromatic effects of the instrument, and quantify its frequency and time responses. In particular, the effects of the analogue receiver, transmission cables, and mutual coupling are included. These simulations are able to accurately predict the intensity of the reflections occurring in the 150-m cable which links the antenna to the back-end. They also show that electromagnetic waves can propagate from one dish to another one through large sections of the array due to mutual coupling. The simulated system time response is attenuated by a factor 104 after a characteristic delay which depends on the size of the array and on the antenna position. Ultimately, the system response is attenuated by a factor 105 after 1400 ns because of the reflections in the cable, which corresponds to characterizable k∥-modes above 0.7 $h\,\,\rm {Mpc}^{-1}$ at 150 MHz.more »
5. ABSTRACT Future generations of radio interferometers targeting the 21 cm signal at cosmological distances with N ≫ 1000 antennas could face a significant computational challenge in building correlators with the traditional architecture, whose computational resource requirement scales as $\mathcal {O}(N^2)$ with array size. The fundamental output of such correlators is the cross-correlation products of all antenna pairs in the array. The FFT-correlator architecture reduces the computational resources scaling to $\mathcal {O}(N\log {N})$ by computing cross-correlation products through a spatial Fourier transform. However, the output of the FFT-correlator is meaningful only when the input antenna voltages are gain- and phase-calibrated. Traditionally, interferometric calibration has used the $\mathcal {O}(N^2)$ cross-correlations produced by a standard correlator. This paper proposes two real-time calibration schemes that could work in parallel with an FFT-correlator as a self-contained $\mathcal {O}(N\log {N})$ correlator system that can be scaled to large-N redundant arrays. We compare the performance and scalability of these two calibration schemes and find that they result in antenna gains whose variance decreases as 1/log N with increase in the size of the array.
| 2023-01-31T04:32:40 |
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|
https://zbmath.org/authors/?s=0&q=Askey%2C+Richard
|
# zbMATH — the first resource for mathematics
Compute Distance To:
Documents Indexed: 157 Publications since 1959, including 10 Books Reviewing Activity: 188 Reviews Biographic References: 9 Publications
all top 5
#### Co-Authors
89 single-authored 11 Ismail, Mourad El-Houssieny 8 Gasper, George Jun 7 Andrews, George Eyre 7 Wainger, Stephen 4 Fitch, James 4 Koornwinder, Tom H. 4 Suslov, Sergei K. 4 Wilson, James A. 3 Al-Salam, Waleed A. 3 Allaway, William R. 3 Roy, Ranjan 2 Boas, Ralph Philip jun. 2 Hirschman, Isidore Isaac jun. 2 Rahman, Mizan 2 Steinig, John 2 Tepper Haimo, Deborah 1 Atakishiev, Natig M. 1 Berndt, Bruce Carl 1 Bingham, Nicholas Hugh 1 de Boor, Carl 1 Harris, Lawrence A. 1 Karlin, Samuel 1 Koelink, Erik 1 Koepf, Wolfram A. 1 Nevai, Paul G. 1 Pollard, Harry 1 Ramanathan, Kollagunta G. 1 Rankin, Robert Alexander 1 Rashed, Thanaa M. T. 1 Razban, Behzad 1 Regev, Amitai 1 Schempp, Walter Johannes 1 Schoenberg, Isaac Jacob 1 Sharma, Ambikeshwar 1 Van Assche, Walter 1 Wimp, Jet
all top 5
#### Serials
10 Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 8 SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis 7 Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 7 Journal of Approximation Theory 5 American Mathematical Monthly 4 American Journal of Mathematics 4 Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 4 Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 3 Journal d’Analyse Mathématique 3 Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics 2 Acta Mathematica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 2 Letters in Mathematical Physics 2 Canadian Journal of Mathematics 2 Illinois Journal of Mathematics 2 Indian Journal of Mathematics 2 Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society 2 Pacific Journal of Mathematics 2 Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 2 Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences. Mathematical Sciences 2 Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 2 Encyclopedia of Mathematics and Its Applications 1 Applicable Analysis 1 Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Mathematics 1 Journal of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications 1 Russian Mathematical Surveys 1 The Mathematical Intelligencer 1 Acta Scientiarum Mathematicarum 1 Canadian Mathematical Bulletin 1 Duke Mathematical Journal 1 Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series A 1 The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society. New Series 1 Journal of the London Mathematical Society. Second Series 1 Mathematische Annalen 1 Mathematica Scandinavica 1 Mathematische Zeitschrift 1 Numerische Mathematik 1 The Quarterly Journal of Mathematics. Oxford Second Series 1 Real Analysis Exchange 1 SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis 1 Simon Stevin 1 Studia Scientiarum Mathematicarum Hungarica 1 Tohoku Mathematical Journal. Second Series 1 Zeitschrift für Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und Verwandte Gebiete 1 European Journal of Combinatorics 1 Rendiconti di Matematica e delle sue Applicazioni. Serie VII 1 Journal of Symbolic Computation 1 CWI Quarterly 1 Aequationes Mathematicae 1 Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society. Series A 1 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section A. Mathematics 1 Séminaire Lotharingien de Combinatoire 1 Computational Methods and Function Theory 1 Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 1 Bollettino della Unione Matematica Italiana. Series III 1 Publications de la Faculté d’Électrotechnique de l’Université à Belgrade. Série Mathématiques et Physique 1 CBMS-NSF Regional Conference Series in Applied Mathematics 1 Mathematics and its Applications (Dordrecht) 1 Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen. Proceedings. Series A. Indagationes Mathematicae
all top 5
#### Fields
104 Special functions (33-XX) 29 Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces (42-XX) 12 History and biography (01-XX) 9 Combinatorics (05-XX) 9 Sequences, series, summability (40-XX) 7 Number theory (11-XX) 7 Real functions (26-XX) 6 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 4 Functions of a complex variable (30-XX) 4 Approximations and expansions (41-XX) 4 Integral transforms, operational calculus (44-XX) 4 Numerical analysis (65-XX) 3 Computer science (68-XX) 3 Quantum theory (81-XX) 2 Difference and functional equations (39-XX) 2 Abstract harmonic analysis (43-XX) 2 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 1 Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory (15-XX) 1 Nonassociative rings and algebras (17-XX) 1 Group theory and generalizations (20-XX) 1 Geometry (51-XX)
#### Citations contained in zbMATH Open
131 Publications have been cited 3,061 times in 2,375 Documents Cited by Year
Special functions. Zbl 0920.33001
Andrews, George E.; Askey, Richard; Roy, Ranjan
1999
Some basic hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials that generalize Jacobi polynomials. Zbl 0572.33012
1985
Oethogonal polynomials and special functions. Zbl 0298.33008
1975
A set of orthogonal polynomials that generalize the Racah coefficients or 6-j symbols. Zbl 0437.33014
1979
Mean convergence of expansions in Laguerre und Hermite series. Zbl 0125.31301
1965
Recurrence relations, continued fractions and orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0548.33001
1984
Special functions. Paperback ed. Zbl 1075.33500
Andrews, George E.; Askey, Richard; Roy, Ranjan
2000
The q-gamma and q-beta functions. Zbl 0398.33001
1978
Some absolutely monotonic functions. Zbl 0298.26010
1975
Some basic hypergeometric extensions of integrals of Selberg and Andrews. Zbl 0458.33002
1980
Integral representations for Jacobi polynomials and some applications. Zbl 0172.08803
1969
Ramanujan’s extensions of the gamma and beta functions. Zbl 0437.33001
1980
Associated Laguerre and Hermite polynomials. Zbl 0547.33006
1984
A generalization of ultraspherical polynomials. Zbl 0532.33006
1983
A convolution structure for Jacobi series. Zbl 0186.12303
1969
Orthogonal polynomials and positivity. Zbl 0188.12402
1969
Mean convergence of orthogonal series and Lagrange interpolation. Zbl 0253.41003
1972
Sieved ultraspherical polynomials. Zbl 0547.33005
Al-Salam, Waleed; Allaway, W. R.; Askey, Richard
1984
Another q-extension of the beta function. Zbl 0471.33001
1981
Some positive trigonometric sums. Zbl 0244.42002
1974
A set of hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0496.33007
1982
Integrability theorems for Fourier series. Zbl 0136.36501
1966
Positive Jacobi polynomial sum. II. Zbl 0355.33005
1976
Continuous Hahn polynomials. Zbl 0582.33007
1985
Convolution structures for Laguerre polynomials. Zbl 0347.33006
1977
On the behavior of special classes of ultraspherical expansions. I, II. Zbl 0132.29403
1965
Mean summability for ultraspherical polynomials. Zbl 0132.29501
Askey, R.; Hirschman, I. I. jun.
1963
Summability of Jacobi series. Zbl 0268.33015
1973
Classical orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0596.33016
1985
On a general $$q$$-Fourier transformation with nonsymmetric kernels. Zbl 0871.33008
Askey, Richard A.; Rahman, Mizan; Suslov, Sergej K.
1996
Enumeration of partitions: the role of Eulerian series and $$q$$-orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0381.10008
1977
A simple proof of Ramanujan’s summation of the $$_1\Psi_1$$. Zbl 0401.33002
1978
Linearization of the product of Jacobi polynomials. III. Zbl 0212.40904
1971
Grünbaum’s inequality for Bessel functions. Zbl 0253.33009
1973
Permutation problems and special functions. Zbl 0313.05005
1976
Jacobi polynomial expansions of Jacobi polynomials with non-negative coefficients. Zbl 0217.11402
1971
The $$q$$-harmonic oscillator and the Al-Salam and Carlitz polynomials. Zbl 0919.33010
1993
A transplantation theorem for Jacobi series. Zbl 0174.35303
1969
Gaussian processes on compact symmetric spaces. Zbl 0329.60019
1976
A transplantation theorem between ultraspherical series. Zbl 0135.27603
1966
More q-beta integrals. Zbl 0599.33002
1986
Ramanujan and hypergeometric and basic hypergeometric series. Zbl 0722.33009
1990
Certain rational functions whose power series have positive coefficients. Zbl 0242.33023
1972
A transplantation theorem for ultraspherical coefficients. Zbl 0136.37201
1966
Evaluation of Sylvester type determinants using orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 1090.15007
2005
Positivity of the Cotes numbers for some ultraspherical abscissas. Zbl 0169.08301
1968
Some absolutely monotonic and completely monotonic functions. Zbl 0239.26010
1974
Orthogonal expansions with positive coefficients. Zbl 0136.05103
1965
A q-beta integral associated with $$BC_ 1$$. Zbl 0501.33002
1982
A q-extension of Cauchy’s form of the beta integral. Zbl 0463.33003
1981
An elementary evaluation of a beta type integral. Zbl 0523.33001
1983
Weighted permutation problems and Laguerre polynomials. Zbl 0405.05008
1978
The very well-poised Psi(6,6). Zbl 0412.33005
1979
Jacobi polynomial expansions with positive coefficients and imbeddings of projective spaces. Zbl 0167.35003
1968
Hausdorff’s moment problem and expansions in Legendre polynomials. Zbl 0483.44012
Askey, R.; Schoenberg, I. J.; Sharma, A.
1982
Special functions: Group theoretical aspects and applications. Zbl 0543.00007
Askey, R. A. (ed.); Koornwinder, T. H. (ed.); Schempp, Walter (ed.)
1984
An integral of Ramanujan and orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0665.33001
1987
Divided difference operators and classical orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0696.33008
1989
Problems which interest and/or annoy me. Zbl 0797.33006
1993
Norm inequalities for some orthogonal series. Zbl 0173.06703
1966
A dual convolution structure for Jacobi polynomials. Zbl 0174.36305
1968
Positivity of the Cotes numbers for some Jacobi abscissas. Zbl 0237.65012
1972
The very well-poised $$_6\Psi_6$$. Zbl 0387.33002
1979
Jacobi polynomials. I: New proofs of Koornwinder’s Laplace type integral representation and Bateman’s bilinear sum. Zbl 0242.33019
1974
Limits of some q-Laguerre polynomials. Zbl 0641.33018
1986
Continuous q-Hermite polynomials when $$q>1$$. Zbl 0694.33006
1989
Finite differences and orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0801.33005
1994
Vietoris’s inequalities and hypergeometric series. Zbl 0899.33002
1998
Jacobi’s generating function for Jacobi polynomials. Zbl 0393.33010
1978
A transplantation theorem for Jacobi coefficients. Zbl 0172.08601
1967
Dual equations and classical orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0185.12601
1968
Linearization of the product of orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0212.41001
1970
Two integrals of Ramanujan. Zbl 0503.33001
1982
An intergral of products of ultraspherical functions and a q-extension. Zbl 0564.33008
Askey, Richard; Koornwinder, Tom H.; Rahman, Mizan
1986
Orthogonal polynomials and theta functions. Zbl 0675.33006
1989
Positivity of the cotes numbers for some Jacobi abscissas. II. Zbl 0416.65016
1979
Maximal degrees for Young diagrams in a strip. Zbl 0555.05009
1984
An analog of the Fourier transformation for a $$q$$-harmonic oscillator. Zbl 0863.33020
Askey, R.; Atakishiyev, N. M.; Suslov, S. K.
1993
Similarities between Fourier and power series. Zbl 0854.33005
1996
The $$q$$-harmonic oscillator and an analogue of the Charlier polynomials. Zbl 0859.33021
1993
Smoothness conditions for Fourier series with monotone coefficients. Zbl 0172.34701
1967
On a positive trigonometric sum. Zbl 0174.35704
Askey, R.; Fitch, J.; Gasper, G.
1968
Orthogonal expansions with positive coefficients. II. Zbl 0202.35302
1971
Positive Jacobi polynomial sums. Zbl 0237.33010
1972
A positive sum from summability theory. Zbl 0295.40008
1975
An integral for Jacobi polynomials. Zbl 0308.33006
1973
A recurrence relation generalizing those of Apéry. Zbl 0558.33003
1984
Beta integrals in Ramanujan’s papers, his unpublished work and further examples. Zbl 0648.33001
1988
Beta integrals and q-extensions. Zbl 0697.33002
1988
Weighted quadratic norms and ultra-spherical polynomials. I. Zbl 0199.46701
1959
Some elementary integrability theorems for special transforms. Zbl 0212.41402
1970
Certain rational functions whose power series have positive coefficients. II. Zbl 0291.33010
1974
Some characteristic functions of unimodal distributions. Zbl 0308.60016
1975
The very well poised $$_6\psi_6$$. II. Zbl 0509.33001
1983
An integral of products of Legendre functions and a Clebsch-Gordan sum. Zbl 0524.33004
1982
Variants of Clausen’s formula for the square of a special $$_ 2F_ 1$$. Zbl 0756.33002
1989
Selberg’s second beta integral and an integral of Mehta. Zbl 0683.33001
1989
Graphs as an aid to understanding special functions. Zbl 0694.33002
1990
A look at the Bateman project. Zbl 0837.33001
1994
The work of George Andrews: a Madison perspective. Zbl 1041.01505
1999
Completing Brahmagupta’s extension of Ptolemy’s theorem. Zbl 1322.01005
2010
Evaluation of Sylvester type determinants using orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 1090.15007
2005
The 1839 paper of permutations: its relation to the Rodrigues formula and further developments. Zbl 1130.01006
2005
Ted Chihara and his work on orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0999.01023
Askey, R.; Ismail, M. E. H.; Van Assche, W.
2001
Special functions. Paperback ed. Zbl 1075.33500
Andrews, George E.; Askey, Richard; Roy, Ranjan
2000
Special functions. Zbl 0920.33001
Andrews, George E.; Askey, Richard; Roy, Ranjan
1999
The work of George Andrews: a Madison perspective. Zbl 1041.01505
1999
Vietoris’s inequalities and hypergeometric series. Zbl 0899.33002
1998
On a general $$q$$-Fourier transformation with nonsymmetric kernels. Zbl 0871.33008
Askey, Richard A.; Rahman, Mizan; Suslov, Sergej K.
1996
Similarities between Fourier and power series. Zbl 0854.33005
1996
Gabor Szegö: 1895–1985. Zbl 0873.01030
1996
Dedication: Remembering Paul Turán. Zbl 0856.01047
1996
Finite differences and orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0801.33005
1994
A look at the Bateman project. Zbl 0837.33001
1994
Gaussian quadrature in Ramanujan’s second notebook. Zbl 0794.41022
1994
The $$q$$-harmonic oscillator and the Al-Salam and Carlitz polynomials. Zbl 0919.33010
1993
Problems which interest and/or annoy me. Zbl 0797.33006
1993
An analog of the Fourier transformation for a $$q$$-harmonic oscillator. Zbl 0863.33020
Askey, R.; Atakishiyev, N. M.; Suslov, S. K.
1993
The $$q$$-harmonic oscillator and an analogue of the Charlier polynomials. Zbl 0859.33021
1993
Ramanujan and hypergeometric and basic hypergeometric series. Zbl 0722.33009
1990
Graphs as an aid to understanding special functions. Zbl 0694.33002
1990
Relative extrema of Legendre functions of the second kind. Zbl 0698.33006
1990
Divided difference operators and classical orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0696.33008
1989
Continuous q-Hermite polynomials when $$q>1$$. Zbl 0694.33006
1989
Orthogonal polynomials and theta functions. Zbl 0675.33006
1989
Variants of Clausen’s formula for the square of a special $$_ 2F_ 1$$. Zbl 0756.33002
1989
Selberg’s second beta integral and an integral of Mehta. Zbl 0683.33001
1989
Beta integrals and the associated orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0683.33002
1989
Beta integrals in Ramanujan’s papers, his unpublished work and further examples. Zbl 0648.33001
1988
Beta integrals and q-extensions. Zbl 0697.33002
1988
Ramanujan revisited. Proceedings of the centenary conference, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, June 1–5, 1987. Zbl 0635.00003
Andrews, George E.; Askey, Richard A.; Berndt, Bruce C.; Ramanathan, K. G.; Rankin, Robert A.
1988
An integral of Ramanujan and orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0665.33001
1987
More q-beta integrals. Zbl 0599.33002
1986
Limits of some q-Laguerre polynomials. Zbl 0641.33018
1986
An intergral of products of ultraspherical functions and a q-extension. Zbl 0564.33008
Askey, Richard; Koornwinder, Tom H.; Rahman, Mizan
1986
Positive quadrature methods and positive polynomial sums. Zbl 0613.41027
1986
Some basic hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials that generalize Jacobi polynomials. Zbl 0572.33012
1985
Continuous Hahn polynomials. Zbl 0582.33007
1985
Classical orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0596.33016
1985
Appendix. Zbl 0589.33003
1985
Some problems about special functions and computations. Zbl 0596.33001
1985
Recurrence relations, continued fractions and orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0548.33001
1984
Associated Laguerre and Hermite polynomials. Zbl 0547.33006
1984
Sieved ultraspherical polynomials. Zbl 0547.33005
Al-Salam, Waleed; Allaway, W. R.; Askey, Richard
1984
Special functions: Group theoretical aspects and applications. Zbl 0543.00007
Askey, R. A.; Koornwinder, T. H.; Schempp, Walter
1984
Maximal degrees for Young diagrams in a strip. Zbl 0555.05009
1984
A recurrence relation generalizing those of Apéry. Zbl 0558.33003
1984
A characterization of the continuous q-ultraspherical polynomials. Zbl 0537.33004
Al-Salam, Walleed; Allaway, W. R.; Askey, Richard
1984
Remarks on the preceding paper by Gavin Brown and Edwin Hewitt. Zbl 0553.42001
1984
Orthogonal polynomials and some definite integrals. Zbl 0562.33007
1984
A generalization of ultraspherical polynomials. Zbl 0532.33006
1983
An elementary evaluation of a beta type integral. Zbl 0523.33001
1983
The very well poised $$_6\psi_6$$. II. Zbl 0509.33001
1983
A set of hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0496.33007
1982
A q-beta integral associated with $$BC_ 1$$. Zbl 0501.33002
1982
Hausdorff’s moment problem and expansions in Legendre polynomials. Zbl 0483.44012
Askey, R.; Schoenberg, I. J.; Sharma, A.
1982
Two integrals of Ramanujan. Zbl 0503.33001
1982
An integral of products of Legendre functions and a Clebsch-Gordan sum. Zbl 0524.33004
1982
Another q-extension of the beta function. Zbl 0471.33001
1981
A q-extension of Cauchy’s form of the beta integral. Zbl 0463.33003
1981
Some basic hypergeometric extensions of integrals of Selberg and Andrews. Zbl 0458.33002
1980
Ramanujan’s extensions of the gamma and beta functions. Zbl 0437.33001
1980
The Rogers q-ultraspherical polynomials. Zbl 0479.33013
1980
A set of orthogonal polynomials that generalize the Racah coefficients or 6-j symbols. Zbl 0437.33014
1979
The very well-poised Psi(6,6). Zbl 0412.33005
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The very well-poised $$_6\Psi_6$$. Zbl 0387.33002
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Positivity of the cotes numbers for some Jacobi abscissas. II. Zbl 0416.65016
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Some absolutely monotonic functions. Zbl 0391.33009
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The q-gamma and q-beta functions. Zbl 0398.33001
1978
A simple proof of Ramanujan’s summation of the $$_1\Psi_1$$. Zbl 0401.33002
1978
Weighted permutation problems and Laguerre polynomials. Zbl 0405.05008
1978
Jacobi’s generating function for Jacobi polynomials. Zbl 0393.33010
1978
Convolution structures for Laguerre polynomials. Zbl 0347.33006
1977
Enumeration of partitions: the role of Eulerian series and $$q$$-orthogonal polynomials. Zbl 0381.10008
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Positive Jacobi polynomial sum. II. Zbl 0355.33005
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Permutation problems and special functions. Zbl 0313.05005
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Gaussian processes on compact symmetric spaces. Zbl 0329.60019
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A monotonic trigonometric sum. Zbl 0334.42003
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Oethogonal polynomials and special functions. Zbl 0298.33008
1975
Some absolutely monotonic functions. Zbl 0298.26010
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A positive sum from summability theory. Zbl 0295.40008
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Some characteristic functions of unimodal distributions. Zbl 0308.60016
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Inequalities via fractional integration. Zbl 0307.26014
1975
A derangement problem. Zbl 0337.05011
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Some positive trigonometric sums. Zbl 0244.42002
1974
Some absolutely monotonic and completely monotonic functions. Zbl 0239.26010
1974
Jacobi polynomials. I: New proofs of Koornwinder’s Laplace type integral representation and Bateman’s bilinear sum. Zbl 0242.33019
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Certain rational functions whose power series have positive coefficients. II. Zbl 0291.33010
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Positive Cesaro means of numerical series. Zbl 0288.40010
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Summability of Jacobi series. Zbl 0268.33015
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Grünbaum’s inequality for Bessel functions. Zbl 0253.33009
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An integral for Jacobi polynomials. Zbl 0308.33006
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Refinements of Abel summability for Jacobi series. Zbl 0282.43008
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Mean convergence of orthogonal series and Lagrange interpolation. Zbl 0253.41003
1972
Certain rational functions whose power series have positive coefficients. Zbl 0242.33023
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Positivity of the Cotes numbers for some Jacobi abscissas. Zbl 0237.65012
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Positive Jacobi polynomial sums. Zbl 0237.33010
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...and 31 more Documents
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#### Cited by 2,272 Authors
71 Ismail, Mourad El-Houssieny 29 Askey, Richard Allen 22 Alzer, Horst 22 Rahman, Mizan 19 Stanton, Dennis W. 18 Koepf, Wolfram A. 18 Terwilliger, Paul M. 17 Chu, Wenchang 17 Koelink, Erik 17 Spiridonov, Vyacheslav Pavlovich 17 Suslov, Sergei K. 16 Area, Iván 16 Godoy, Eduardo Paciência 16 Koornwinder, Tom H. 16 Nevai, Paul G. 16 Van Assche, Walter 15 Koumandos, Stamatis 14 Cao, Jian 14 Ito, Masahiko 14 Srivastava, Hari Mohan 14 Zhedanov, Alexei S. 13 Kwong, Man Kam 13 Marcellán Español, Francisco 13 van Diejen, Jan Felipe 12 Atakishiev, Natig M. 12 Gasper, George Jun 12 Karniadakis, George Em 12 Stokman, Jasper V. 11 Kilic, Emrah 11 Tikhonov, Sergey Yur’evich 11 Vinet, Luc 11 Zhang, Ruiming 10 Abd-Elhameed, Waleed Mohamed 10 Bryc, Włodzimierz 10 Karp, Dmitriĭ Borisovich 10 Masjed-Jamei, Mohammad 10 Milne, Stephen C. 10 Mimachi, Katsuhisa 10 Ronveaux, André 10 Voit, Michael 10 Wang, Mingjin 10 Warnaar, S. Ole 10 Zeilberger, Doron 9 Coffey, Mark William 9 Doha, Eid H. 9 Markett, Clemens 9 Mhaskar, Hrushikesh N. 9 Ostrovska, Sofiya 9 Xu, Yuan 9 Zeng, Jiang 8 Álvarez-Nodarse, Renato 8 Bouzeffour, Fethi 8 Dai, Feng 8 Jordaan, Kerstin 8 Klimyk, Anatoliy Ul’yanovich 8 McCoy, Peter A. 8 Noumi, Masatoshi 8 Thangavelu, Sundaram 8 Wang, Lilian 7 Brown, Gavin 7 Chen, William Yong-Chuan 7 Chihara, Theodore Seio 7 Forrester, Peter J. 7 Gupta, Vijay 7 Iliev, Plamen 7 Ito, Tatsuro 7 Lewanowicz, Stanisław 7 Li, Zhongkai 7 Ma, Chunsheng 7 Masson, David R. 7 Ol’shanskiĭ, Grigoriĭ Iosifovich 7 Porcu, Emilio 7 Shen, Jie 7 Simeonov, Plamen C. 7 Stempak, Krzysztof 7 Szwarc, Ryszard 7 Tratnik, M. V. 7 Vuorinen, Matti Keijo Kustaa 7 Zarzo, Alejandro 6 Aomoto, Kazuhiko 6 Barnard, Roger W. 6 Berg, Christian 6 Bringmann, Kathrin 6 Cohl, Howard Saul 6 Dehesa, Jesús S. 6 Demni, Nizar 6 Dimitrov, Dimitar K. 6 Foupouagnigni, Mama 6 Geronimo, Jeffrey S. 6 Groenevelt, Wolter G. M. 6 Kanjin, Yuichi 6 Kim, Taekyun 6 Krattenthaler, Christian Friedrich 6 Lasser, Rupert 6 Liu, Zhi-Guo 6 Long, Ling 6 Lubinsky, Doron S. 6 Milovanović, Gradimir V. 6 Petronilho, José C. 6 Rains, Eric M. ...and 2,172 more Authors
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136 Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 117 Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 111 The Ramanujan Journal 107 Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 105 Journal of Approximation Theory 76 Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 47 Journal of Mathematical Physics 45 Constructive Approximation 41 Mathematics of Computation 38 Advances in Mathematics 38 Integral Transforms and Special Functions 33 SIGMA. Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications 30 Applied Mathematics and Computation 30 Advances in Applied Mathematics 25 Communications in Mathematical Physics 25 Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics 24 Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series A 24 Results in Mathematics 21 Journal of Computational Physics 21 Advances in Difference Equations 20 Letters in Mathematical Physics 19 Journal of Functional Analysis 19 Linear Algebra and its Applications 18 The Journal of Fourier Analysis and Applications 17 Duke Mathematical Journal 17 Journal of High Energy Physics 16 Analysis Mathematica 16 Journal d’Analyse Mathématique 16 Mathematical Notes 16 Acta Mathematica Hungarica 15 Journal of Statistical Physics 15 Tohoku Mathematical Journal. Second Series 14 Computers & Mathematics with Applications 14 Journal of Number Theory 14 European Journal of Combinatorics 14 Aequationes Mathematicae 13 Acta Applicandae Mathematicae 13 Numerical Algorithms 13 Complex Analysis and Operator Theory 12 Discrete Mathematics 12 Annales de l’Institut Fourier 12 Computational Methods and Function Theory 11 International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 11 Mathematische Annalen 11 Monatshefte für Mathematik 11 SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing 10 Applied Numerical Mathematics 10 Applied Mathematics Letters 10 Journal of Difference Equations and Applications 10 Abstract and Applied Analysis 10 Journal of Inequalities and Applications 9 Theoretical and Mathematical Physics 9 Mathematische Zeitschrift 9 Journal of Theoretical Probability 9 Journal of Scientific Computing 9 Annals of Combinatorics 8 Nuclear Physics. B 8 Calcolo 8 Compositio Mathematica 8 Journal of Soviet Mathematics 8 Journal of Mathematical Sciences (New York) 8 Advances in Computational Mathematics 7 Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 7 Ukrainian Mathematical Journal 7 Arkiv för Matematik 7 Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series A 7 Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. New Series 7 Journal of Mathematical Chemistry 7 Mediterranean Journal of Mathematics 6 The Annals of Probability 6 Functional Analysis and its Applications 6 Integral Equations and Operator Theory 6 Mathematische Nachrichten 6 Publications of the Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Kyoto University 6 Studies in Applied Mathematics 6 Probability Theory and Related Fields 6 Journal of the American Mathematical Society 6 Stochastic Processes and their Applications 6 Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences. Mathematical Sciences 6 Comptes Rendus. Mathématique. Académie des Sciences, Paris 6 International Journal of Number Theory 6 Journal of Pseudo-Differential Operators and Applications 5 Acta Mathematica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 5 Computing 5 Journal of the Mathematical Society of Japan 5 Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference 5 Statistics & Probability Letters 5 Journal of Symbolic Computation 5 Indagationes Mathematicae. New Series 5 Journal of Algebraic Combinatorics 5 Turkish Journal of Mathematics 5 Bulletin des Sciences Mathématiques 5 Infinite Dimensional Analysis, Quantum Probability and Related Topics 5 Central European Journal of Mathematics 5 Analysis and Applications (Singapore) 5 Journal of Applied Mathematics & Informatics 5 Analysis and Mathematical Physics 5 Problemy Analiza. Issues of Analysis 4 Applicable Analysis 4 Israel Journal of Mathematics ...and 295 more Serials
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#### Wikidata Timeline
The data are displayed as stored in Wikidata under a Creative Commons CC0 License. Updates and corrections should be made in Wikidata.
| 2021-12-05T10:38:43 |
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https://www.usgs.gov/publications/tungsten-skarn-potential-yukon-tanana-upland-eastern-alaska-usa-a-mineral-resource
|
# Tungsten skarn potential of the Yukon-Tanana Upland, eastern Alaska, USA—A mineral resource assessment
November 25, 2020
Tungsten (W) is used in a variety of industrial and technological applications and has been identified as a critical mineral for the United States, India, the European Union, and other countries. These countries rely on W imports mostly from China, which leaves them vulnerable to supply disruption. Consequently, the U.S. government has a current initiative to understand domestic resource potential. The eastern Alaska portion of the Yukon-Tanana Upland (YTU), is prospective for W skarn deposits, the major source of global W supply. The regional geology consists of juxtaposed Paleozoic lithotectonic packages that were reaccreted to North America in the Mesozoic. Multiple subsequent episodes of arc-related magmatism intruded the lithotectonic packages, accompanied by W skarn formation mostly associated with 100–90 Ma intrusions; major W skarn deposits in Canada are part of the same metallogenic event (e.g., Mactung, Cantung). In this paper, we present an assessment for undiscovered W skarn resources for parts of the lesser-explored western (Alaskan) portion of the YTU.
We used GIS proximity analysis to map the intersection of pluton and carbonate-bearing rocks to define three permissive tracts for W skarn deposits. The permissive tracts were qualitatively assessed by mineral potential mapping using region-wide sediment geochemistry and mineral concentrate datasets. This analysis showed that much of the western YTU has high potential for undiscovered W skarn deposits, whereas the eastern and southern YTU had only isolated areas of medium to high potential. Historical production and the quality of the geochemistry data of the western YTU tract (ca. 9200 km2) permitted a quantitative assessment of undiscovered W resources. Probabilistic estimates by a panel of 20 experts predicted a 70% chance of one to three undiscovered W skarn deposits in the western YTU tract. The rationale for favorability employed by the expert panel included favorable lithology, previous production, clustering of previously mined deposits, W placers in the area, lack of recent exploration, pan concentrates containing W minerals, and W geochemical anomalies. Estimates were combined with a global grade and tonnage model for W skarns in a Monte Carlo simulation and provided a median estimate of undiscovered resources of 94 kt WO3. If the undiscovered W skarn deposits are located close to infrastructure (e.g., near Fairbanks, or close to roads and/or power grid), application of an economic filter indicates that the median total economically recoverable WO3 is 63 kt with a net present value (NPV) of $330 million USD (2008 dollars). Whereas if deposits are far from infrastructure, median recoverable WO3 is only 30 kt and the NPV is$44 million.
Our models for contained WO3 resources and NPV estimates for the western YTU tract are considerably lower than the known resources in skarns in adjacent areas in Canada. Estimates for the western YTU are also lower than preliminary estimates for undiscovered W skarn deposits in areas of the western conterminous United States. We speculate that lower permeability and continuity of favorable carbonate rock horizons in the relatively higher-grade metamorphic country rocks in the Alaska portion of the YTU may explain some of the differences in prospectivity. More detailed geologic mapping, modern geochemistry, and geophysical surveys are needed to refine the resource potential of the whole YTU. Regardless, quantitative mineral resource assessment provides a useful tool for making first-order regional estimates of undiscovered resources, identifying target areas for new data acquisition, and guiding research on the fundamental controls of district-scale metallogenic endowments.
## Citation Information
Publication Year 2022 Tungsten skarn potential of the Yukon-Tanana Upland, eastern Alaska, USA—A mineral resource assessment 10.1016/j.gexplo.2020.106700 George N.D. Case, Garth E. Graham, Erin E. Marsh, Ryan Taylor, Carlin J. Green, Philip J. Brown II, Keith A. Labay Article Journal Article Journal of Geochemical Exploration 70224637 USGS Publications Warehouse Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals; Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center; Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center
| 2023-01-27T22:19:57 |
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|
https://pdglive.lbl.gov/Particle.action?init=0&node=M027&home=MXXX005
|
LIGHT UNFLAVORED MESONS($\mathit S$ = $\mathit C$ = $\mathit B$ = 0) For $\mathit I = 1$ (${{\mathit \pi}}$ , ${{\mathit b}}$ , ${{\mathit \rho}}$ , ${{\mathit a}}$ ): ${\mathit {\mathit u}}$ ${\mathit {\overline{\mathit d}}}$, ( ${\mathit {\mathit u}}$ ${\mathit {\overline{\mathit u}}}−$ ${\mathit {\mathit d}}$ ${\mathit {\overline{\mathit d}}})/\sqrt {2 }$, ${\mathit {\mathit d}}$ ${\mathit {\overline{\mathit u}}}$;for $\mathit I = 0$ (${{\mathit \eta}}$ , ${{\mathit \eta}^{\,'}}$ , ${{\mathit h}}$ , ${{\mathit h}^{\,'}}$ , ${{\mathit \omega}}$ , ${{\mathit \phi}}$ , ${{\mathit f}}$ , ${{\mathit f}^{\,'}}$ ): ${\mathit {\mathit c}}_{{\mathrm {1}}}$( ${{\mathit u}}{{\overline{\mathit u}}}$ $+$ ${{\mathit d}}{{\overline{\mathit d}}}$ ) $+$ ${\mathit {\mathit c}}_{{\mathrm {2}}}$( ${{\mathit s}}{{\overline{\mathit s}}}$ )
#### ${{\mathit \eta}{(1405)}}$
$I^G(J^{PC})$ = $0^+(0^{- +})$
See also the ${{\mathit \eta}{(1475)}}$ .
${{\mathit \eta}{(1405)}}$ MASS
Mass $\mathit m$ $1408.8 \pm2.0$ MeV (S = 2.2)
${{\mathit \eta}}{{\mathit \pi}}{{\mathit \pi}}$ MODE $1405.8 \pm2.6$ MeV (S = 2.3)
${{\mathit K}}{{\overline{\mathit K}}}{{\mathit \pi}}$ MODE ( ${{\mathit a}_{{0}}{(980)}}{{\mathit \pi}}$ or direct ${{\mathit K}}{{\overline{\mathit K}}}{{\mathit \pi}}$ ) $1413.9 \pm1.7$ MeV (S = 1.1)
${{\mathit \pi}}{{\mathit \pi}}{{\mathit \gamma}}$ MODE $1403 \pm17$ MeV (S = 1.8)
4 ${{\mathit \pi}}$ MODE
${{\mathit K}}{{\overline{\mathit K}}}{{\mathit \pi}}$ MODE (unresolved)
${{\mathit \eta}{(1405)}}$ WIDTH
Full width $\Gamma$ $50.1 \pm2.6$ MeV (S = 1.7)
${{\mathit \eta}}{{\mathit \pi}}{{\mathit \pi}}$ MODE $52.6 \pm3.2$ MeV (S = 1.3)
${{\mathit K}}{{\overline{\mathit K}}}{{\mathit \pi}}$ MODE ( ${{\mathit a}_{{0}}{(980)}}{{\mathit \pi}}$ or direct ${{\mathit K}}{{\overline{\mathit K}}}{{\mathit \pi}}$ ) $48 \pm4$ MeV (S = 2.1)
${{\mathit \pi}}{{\mathit \pi}}{{\mathit \gamma}}$ MODE $89 \pm17$ MeV (S = 1.7)
4 ${{\mathit \pi}}$ MODE
${{\mathit K}}{{\overline{\mathit K}}}{{\mathit \pi}}$ MODE (unresolved)
$\Gamma_{1}$ ${{\mathit K}}{{\overline{\mathit K}}}{{\mathit \pi}}$ seen 424
$\Gamma_{2}$ ${{\mathit \eta}}{{\mathit \pi}}{{\mathit \pi}}$ seen 562
$\Gamma_{3}$ ${{\mathit a}_{{0}}{(980)}}{{\mathit \pi}}$ seen 345
$\Gamma_{4}$ ${{\mathit \eta}}{({\mathit \pi}{\mathit \pi})_{{\mathit S}-{\text{wave}}}}$ seen
$\Gamma_{5}$ ${{\mathit f}_{{0}}{(980)}}{{\mathit \pi}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit \pi}^{+}}{{\mathit \pi}^{-}}{{\mathit \pi}^{0}}$ not seen
$\Gamma_{6}$ ${{\mathit f}_{{0}}{(980)}}{{\mathit \eta}}$ seen -1
$\Gamma_{7}$ 4 ${{\mathit \pi}}$ seen 639
$\Gamma_{8}$ ${{\mathit \rho}}{{\mathit \rho}}$ $<58\%$ CL=100% -1
$\Gamma_{9}$ ${{\mathit \gamma}}{{\mathit \gamma}}$ 704
$\Gamma_{10}$ ${{\mathit \rho}^{0}}{{\mathit \gamma}}$ seen 491
$\Gamma_{11}$ ${{\mathit \phi}}{{\mathit \gamma}}$ 336
$\Gamma_{12}$ ${{\mathit K}^{*}{(892)}}{{\mathit K}}$ seen 123
FOOTNOTES
| 2023-03-25T03:47:40 |
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https://bison.inl.gov/Documentation/theory/coolant_channel_model.aspx
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# Coolant Channel Model
This document describes the thermal hydraulics condition surrounding a single fuel rod to provide thermal boundary condition in the analysis of nuclear fuel behavior.
Energy conservation is used to derive the coolant enthalpy rise. Applicable heat transfer correlations are used to model the boiling curve prior to departure from nucleate boiling.
There are no applicable standards on the coolant channel model used in a fuel performance code. It should be recognized that one should refer to a thermal-hydraulics code for detailed modeling of a coolant channel. For the application in a fuel performance code, much emphasis should be placed upon the energy deposition and heat transfer characteristics and the flow distribution in axial or in radial direction can be ignored and certain assumptions can be made to reduce the computation in the coolant channel model.
Figure 1 shows the schematic of the coolant channel model. No finite element mesh was assigned to the coolant channel. The meshing of the one dimensional flow channel consists of several control volume with constant flow area A. Inlet pressure, coolant temperature (or enthalpy), and mass flux as a function of time are required input and they can provide the boundary conditions in solving one-dimentional momentum and energy equations. Heat input into the coolant consists of cladding outer surface heat flux and energy deposits due to interactions of neutrons and gamma rays with coolant water.
Figure 1: Schematic of One-Dimensional Coolant Channel with Upward Flow
Figure 2 shows a typical sub-channel at assembly interior for a square lattice in thermal-hydraulics analysis. As can be seen, each channel is bounded by four fuel rods and each fuel rod shares a quarter of its cladding outer surface with the coolant channel. For a fuel performance code, the coolant channel takes the same geometry shown in Figure 2, however, it should be noted that the heat flux from the bounding fuel rod surfaces for the coolant sub-channel all come from the fuel pin in the analysis to compute the coolant enthalpy for the sub-channel.
Figure 2: Geometry of an interior sub-channel channel
A more advanced approach could be averaging the coolant enthalpy in all the coolant channels surrounding a fuel pin of interest; for a fuel pin inside an assembly, there are four sub-channels surrounding the fuel pin and nine fuel rods provide heat input for the four sub-channels. Thus, besides the fuel pin of interest, power of eight neighboring rods is also needed to perform enthalpy calculation. For current development work, the coolant channel use heat generated from the same fuel rod and then the calculated heat transfer coefficients are applied to the fuel rod in the thermal solution.
### Governing equations
This session starts with equations for one-component, one-dimensional, and two-phase compressible flow and by making assumptions and integrating those equations over a control volume, a set of working equations were derived with the emphasis on the heat transfer characteristics between the cladding and coolant water.
Mass conservation: (1) where, is the density of the mixture of the steam and liquid and is the void fraction of the steam. is the mass flux of the mixture of the steam and liquid in the unit of .
Momentum equation is given by: (2)
(3) where, x is the vapor quality, A is the flow area, is the friction factor, and is the perimeter of the flow channel.
The energy is equation is given by: (4)
(5)
(6) A few assumptions are applied:
1. Coolant channel has a constant flow area
2. Pressure drop analysis is neglected and coolant pressure at any axial location is inlet pressure
3. Flow is homogeneous and no slip between the liquid phase and the steam, then the void fraction is related to vapor quality by: (7) Plugging Eq. 7 into Eq. 3 and Eq. 5, one can get and
4. Pressure is allowed to have variation in time; however the work done by the pressure on the coolant is neglected.
With above assumptions, the momentum equation is not needed in the analysis and the governing equations can be reduced to: (8)
(9)
In the operating conditions of Light Water Reactors, fuel rods are surrounded by flowing water coolant; the flowing coolant carries the thermal energy generated from nuclear fission reaction and transfers the heat into a steam generator or drives a turbine directly. To predict the thermal response of a fuel rod, thermal hydraulic condition of the surrounding coolant needs to be determined. Such condition in modeling the energy transport aspect of the coolant in Bison code is described by a single coolant channel model. This single channel is used mathematically to describe the thermal boundary condition for modeling the fuel rod behavior. This model covers two theoretical aspects, i.e., the local heat transfer from cladding wall into the coolant and the thermal energy deposition in the coolant in steady state and slow operating transient conditions.
Assumptions and limitations of the coolant channel model are summarized below:
• Closed channel: The lateral energy, mass, and momentum transfer in the coolant channel within a fuel assembly is neglected. Therefore, the momentum, mass continuity, and the energy equations are only considered in one-dimension, i.e., the axial direction.
• Homogeneous and equilibrium flow: For the flow involving both the vapor and liquid phases, the thermal energy transport and relative motions between the two phases are neglected. This essentially assumes the two-phase flow is in a form of one pseudo fluid.
• Fully developed flow: In the application of most heat transfer correlations, the entrance effects are neglected. The heat transfer is assumed to happen in a condition that the boundary layer has grown to occupy the entire flow area, and the radial velocity and temperature profiles are well established.
• Pressure drop neglected: The pressure drop due to flow induced resistance is not accounted for in the coolant channel model. Instead, coolant pressure as a function of time and axial location can be an input provided by user through a hand calculation or using a computer code.
## Coolant Enthalpy Model
In steady state operation, the enthalpy rise in a coolant channel with incompressible fluid can be derived using energy conservation equation: (10) where is the coolant enthalpy at inlet in (J/kg), is the coolant enthalpy at axial location z in (J/kg), is axial location (m), is fuel rod surface heat flux (W/m), is fuel rod linear heat generation rate (W/m), is the fraction of heat generated in the coolant by neutron and gamma rays (dimensionless), is heated diameter (m), is coolant mass flux (kg/sec-m), is flow area of the coolant channel (m).
The mass flux, pressure, and coolant temperature at the inlet of coolant channel are provided as input for calculating coolant enthalpy rise. With calculated enthalpy and input coolant pressure, the corresponding thermodynamic condition can be determined using a steam table. The coolant temperature can be obtained and would be used in the convective boundary condition to compute the clad temperature. The thermal-physical properties of water and steam are evaluated at the corresponding bulk coolant temperature and/or at the cladding wall temperature for the use of calculating heat transfer coefficients between the cladding wall and the coolant.
The inlet mass flux, pressure, and coolant temperature can be provided as functions of time in the code input. Allowing the variation of inlet thermal-hydraulic conditions can be used to model a quasi-steady state when the velocity and thermal energy of coolant at a given location are assumed to achieve the equilibrium condition instantaneously.
## Pre-CHF Heat Transfer Correlations
Depending on the flow rate, flow pattern, and cladding wall surface heat flux, the heat transfer from cladding wall outer surface to coolant can be characterized into different heat transfer regimes.
A set of heat transfer correlations to describe the heat transfer condition prior to the point of Critical Heat Flux (CHF) is described follows:
### Dittus-Boelter correlation
Under forced flow condition and when the coolant is still in the liquid phase, the heat transfer from the cladding wall to the coolant is in the regime of single phase forced convection, and the heat transfer can be described by Dittus-Boelter equation. (11) The equation is applicable for 0.7 Pr 100, Re 10,000, and $L/D > 60$. Fluid properties are evaluated at the arithmetic mean bulk temperature (Todreas and Kazimi, 1990).
#### Jens-Lottes correlation
(12) where is the cladding wall super heat = - in (K). is the cladding wall surface heat flux (W/m-K)), and P is the coolant pressure (Pa). This correlation is developed based on data at a pressure between 500 psi (3.45 MPa) and 2000 psi (13.79 MPa) in sub-cooled boiling regime. The heat transfer coefficient is given as: (13)
#### Thom correlation
A similar correlation is given as follows: (14) The heat transfer coefficient is: (15) This correlation is for water at a pressure between 750 psi (5.17 MPa) and 2000 psi (13.79 MPa); but much of Thom's data were obtained at relatively low heat fluxes according to Tong and Weisman (1996).
#### Shrock-Grossman correlation
Shrock-Grossman heat transfer correlation is used in the regime of saturated boiling. The heat transfer coefficient is given as: (16)
(17) where is the steam quality, is the latent heat of vaporization (J/kg), is the heat transfer coefficient in the liquid phase at the same mass flux (J/kg), is the mass flux (kg/m-sec), , , and are constants as follows with the values:
#### Chen's correlation
An alternative correlation that is used in the saturated boiling regime is Chen's correlation. Chen's correlation consists of a convective term () and a nucleation term (): (18) is the modified Dittus-Boelter correlation: (19) F is a factor to account for the enhanced heat transfer due to the turbulence caused by vapor. (20)
(21) The nucleation term is the Forster-Zuber equation: (22)
(23)
(24) S is a suppression factor: (25) Where ; is the Reynold number for liquid phase only.
#### Rohsenow correlation
The Rohsenow correlation (Liu and Kazimi, 2006) is used to represent the heat transfer during a very short period of vapor bubbles nucleation, growth, and departure follows natural convection that occurs during the fast heat up of the fuel rod. The heat flux is given as: (26) where is the heat flux (W/m), is the latent heat of vaporization (J/kg), is the liquid viscosity at saturated temperature (kg/m-sec), is the density of vapor at saturated temperature (kg/m), is the density of liquid at saturated temperature (kg/m), is the surface tension energy at saturated temperature (N/m), is the acceleration due to gravity (m/s), is specific heat of liquid at saturated temperature (kJ/kg-K), is the wall temperature (K), is the saturated temperature (K), and is the Prandtl number.
## Critical Heat Flux Correlations
The sub-cooled and saturated boiling can enhance the heat transfer; however at a critical condition when the cladding outer surface is enclosed by vapor film, the heat transfer can deteriorate significantly, the corresponding heat flux is the Critical Heat Flux (CHF). The following correlations are implemented in Bison to calculate CHF, which can be used to estimate the thermal margin in a coolant channel.
#### EPRI-Columbia correlation
(27) where is the critical pressure ratio=system pressure/critical pressure, is the local mass velocity (Mlbm/hr-ft), is the inlet quality, and ^2$). The following parameters in the table below are used in the EPRI-Columbia correlation. Table 1: Parameters used in the EPRI Columbia correlation Model ParameterParameter Value G^{0.1}$
for cold wall, both and are set equal to 1.0
is the non-uniform axial heat flux distribution parameter: (28) Y is Bowring's non-uniform parameter defined as: (29)
#### GE correlation
(30) (31) The correlation is applicable for mass fluxes less than lb/ft-hr.
#### Zuber correlation
Taken from Tong and Tang (1997), the Zuber correlation is (32) where is the critical heat flux (W/m), is the latent heat of vaporization (kJ/kg), is the acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 (m/s), is the density of vapor at saturation temperature (kg/m), is the density of liquid at saturation temperature (kg/m), and is the surface tension energy at saturation temperature (N/m).
#### Modified Zuber correlation
The modified Zuber correlation (Liu and Kazimi, 2006) is included in the critical heat flux correlation selection option in Bison, and can be selected by user input. This correlation is based on pool boiling critical heat flux hydrodynamics and is applicable to very low flow conditions. It was developed for critical heat flux calculations in LWRs in severe accident conditions. (33) where is the critical heat flux (W/m), is the correction factor for bulk subcooled fluid conditions, is the latent heat of vaporization (kJ/kg), is the acceleration due to gravity (here set as 9.8 (m/s)), is the density of vapor at saturation temperature (kg/m), is the density of liquid at saturation temperature (kg/m), and is the surface tension energy at saturation temperature (N/m).
The correction factor for bulk subcooled condition is (34) where is the specific heat of saaturated liquid (kJ/kg-K), is the saturation temperature (K), and is the bulk fluid temperature (K).
#### BIASI correlation
BIASI correlation is a function of pressure, mass flux, flow quality, and tube diameters. The correlations are provided in following equations. For kg/m-s, the Eq. 35 is used; for higher mass flux, the Eq. 35 or Eq. 36 whichever higher is used. (35) (36) where (37) (38) The parameter ranges for the correlation are given in the table below.
Table 2: Parameters ranges for which the BIASI correlation is defined
Model ParameterParameter Value
0.003-0.0375 m
0.2-6.0 m
0.27-14 MPa
100-600 kg/m-s
#### MacBeth correlation
The MacBeth correlation (Geelhood, 2014) was developed using based on compilation of a large amount of CHF data from a wide variety of sources. The database consists entirely of burnout tests for vertical upflow in round tubes. This correlation can be extrapolated to CHF in annuli and rod bundles at low pressure. The MacBeth CHF correlation is separated for low flow conditions and high flow conditions.
At low flow conditions, the correlation defines the critical heat flux as: (39) where is the critical heat flux (MBtu/hr-ft), is the hydraulic diameter, based on wetted perimeter (in), is the latent heat of vaporization (Btu/lbm), is the mass velocity (lbm/hr-ft), and is the equilibrium quality.
At high flow conditions, the correlation defines the critical heat flux as: (40) where A and C are the empirical parameters that were defined using statistical optimization for two overlapping sets of data.
The parameters A and C for the MacBeth's 12-coefficient model are formulated as: (41)
(42) where are the empirical coefficients (See Table 3)
Table 3: Coefficients for MacBeth's 12-coefficient model for various reference pressures
Model Coefficient560 psia Reference Pressure1000 psia Reference Pressure1550 psia Reference Pressure2000 psia Reference Pressure
2371143665.5
1.20.8110.5091.19
0.4250.221-0.1090.376
-0.94-0.128-0.19-0.577
-0.03240.02740.0240.22
-0.111-0.06670.463-0.373
19.312741.717.1
0.9591.320.9531.18
0.8310.4110.0191-0.456
2.61-0.2740.231-1.53
-0.0578-0.03970.07672.75
0.124-0.02210.1172.24
The acceptable parameter ranges for the correlation are given in the table below.
Table 4: Parameters ranges for which the MacBeth 12-correlation model is defined
Model ParameterParameter Value
Pressure15-2700 psia
Mass Velocity0.0073-13.7 Mlbm/hr-ft
Hydraulic diameter0.04-1.475 in
Heated length1.0-144 in
Axial power profileuniform
The EPRI correlation is used as the correlation for a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) environment. The GE correlation is used as the correlation for a Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) environment. Alternatively, an input temperature at critical heat flux is allowed, which would use the selected heat transfer in the nucleate boiling regime and the input temperature to compute the critical heat flux.
## Post-CHF Heat Transfer Correlation
The post-CHF heat transfer regime is divided into transition boiling and film boiling. The transition boiling heat transfer regime occurs when the cladding wall temperature exceeds the Critical Heat Flux (CHF) temperature, but remains below the minimum film boiling temperature. The heat flux decreases significantly with increasing temperature in this regime. Three heat transfer correlations are implemented for the transition boiling regime. The three correlations are McDonough-Milich-King, modified Condie-Bengtson and Henry correlations. The film boiling heat transfer regime occurs when the wall temperature reaches the minimum film boiling temperature. Four correlations are provided for the film boiling region. The correlations are Dougall- Rohsenow, Groenveld, Frederking and Bishop-Sandberg-Tong correlations. The heat transfer correlations at CHF and in the post-CHF regimes implemented in the Bison code is described as follows:
#### Transition Boiling
McDonough-Milich-King correlation and modified Condie-Bengtson correlation are implemented for the transition boiling regime.
### McDonough-Milich-King correlation
The McDonough-Milich-King correlation (Todreas and Kazimi, 1990; Rashid et al., 2004) for forced convection transition boiling is given as (43) The heat transfer coefficient is: (44) where is the critical heat flux (kW/m), is the transition region heat flux (kW/m), is the wall temperature at critical heat flux (K), is the bulk temperature of coolant (K), is the wall temperature in the transition region (K), is the system pressure (MPa), and is the transition boiling heat transfer coefficient (kW/m-K).
Table 5: Parameters ranges for which the McDonough-Milich-King correlation may be applied
Model ParameterParameter Value
Pressure5.5 - 13.8 MPa
Mass flux271.246 - 1898.722 kg/m-sec
Channel geometrytube
Diameter0.00386 m
Length0.3048m
Fluidwater
### Modified Condie-Bengtson correlation
The modified Condie-Bengtson correlation (Rashid et al., 2004) for high flow rate transition boiling is given as follows: (45) The heat transfer coefficient is: (46)
(47) where is the critical heat flux (Btu/hr-ft), is the transition heat flux (Btu/hr-ft), is the film boiling heat flux at (Btu/hr-ft), is the wall temperature at critical heat flux (F), is the saturation temperature (F), is the cladding wall temperature (F), and is the transition boiling heat transfer coefficient (Btu/hr-ft-F).
At the CHF point, = , and (48)
At , the critical heat flux is equal to the sum of the film boiling component and the transition boiling component to ensure the predicted boiling curve is continuous.
### Henry correlation
The Henry correlation (Liu and Kazimi, 2006) for transition boiling has been developed to address the heat transfer at cold zero power condition and at high subcooling conditions. The heat flux in the transition boiling regime determined by an interpolation of the critical heat flux and minimum heat flux is given as follow: (49) where (50)
The minimal temperature for the Henry correlation is strongly affected by the surface condition as well as the subcooling of the coolant and is given as: (51) where (52)
(53)
• is the minimum heat flux (W/m)
• is the critical heat flux (W/m)
• is the temperature at critical heat flux (K)
• is the minimal stable film boiling temperature(K)
• is the homogeneous nucleation temperature (K)
• is the bulk temperature (K)
• is the cladding wall temperature (K)
• is the pressure (Pa)
• is the thermal conductivity of subcooled liquid (W/m-K)
• is the density of subcooled liquid (W/m)
• is the specific heat of subcooled liquid (kJ/kg-K)
• is the thermal conductivity of cladding wall (W/m-K)
• is the density of cladding wall (W/m)
• is the specific heat of cladding wall (kJ/kg-K)
• is an empirical parameter taken as 3.3
## Film Boiling
Four correlations, Dougall-Rohsenow correlation, Groenveld correlation, Frederking correlation and Bishop-Sandberg-Tong correlation, are provided for modeling the heat transfer in the film boiling region. In the transition from the transition boiling regime to the film boiling regime, the intercept of the selected film boiling correlation and transition boiling correlation was used to determine the minimum film boiling temperature and minimum film boiling heat flux.
### Dougall-Rohsenow correlation
The Dougall-Rohsenow correlation (Dougall and Rohsenow, 1961; Rashid et al., 2004) for forced convection stable film boiling was developed for high flow rate and low quality (x 0.3) flow. The heat transfer coefficient is given as: (54) where is the mass flux (kg/m-sec), is the hydraulic diameter (m), is the thermal conductivity of vapor (W/m-K), is the viscosity of vapor (kg/m-sec), is the density of vapor (kg/m), is the density of liquid (kg/m), is the specific heat of vapor (J/kg-K), and is the local quality.
The vapor properties of the Prandtl number are evaluated at the saturation temperature. The data range for this correlation is given below.
Table 6: Parameters ranges for the Dougall-Rohsenow correlation
Model ParameterParameter Value
Pressure0.1154 - 0.1634 MPa
Mass flux450.268 - 1109.396 kg/m-sec
Heat flux45.426 - 131.862 kW/m
Exit qualityup to 0.4
Channel geometrytubes
Diameter, inner0.004572 m, 0.01036 m
Length0.381 m
Fluidfreon
### Groenveld correlation
The Groenveld correlation (Todreas and Kazimi, 1990; Rashid et al., 2004) for forced convection stable film boiling heat transfer coefficient is: (55) where the parameter Y is given as (56) whichever is larger, and where is the mass flux (kg/m-sec), is the hydraulic diameter (m), is the thermal conductivity of vapor (W/m-K), is the viscosity of vapor (kg/m-sec), is the density of vapor (kg/m), is the density of liquid (kg/m), and is the local quality.
The coefficients a, b, c and d are given in Table 7 below. The Prandtl number of the film is given by (57) where is the specific heat of vapor at film temperature (J/kg-K), is the viscosity of vapor at film temperature (kg/m-sec), and is the thermal conductivity of vapor at film temperature (W/m-K)
The vapor properties of the Prandtl number should be evaluated at the film temperature. (58) where is the saturation Temperature (K) and is the cladding wall temperature (K) Prandtl number is currently evaluated at the saturation temperature in the code.
Table 7: Groenveld correlation coefficients a, b, c, d
ParameterValue
a0.0522
b0.688
c1.26
d-1.06
The applicable range of data for annuli geometry is shown in the Table 8 below.
Table 8: Range of data for Groenveld correlation
ParameterData Range for Annuli Geometry
Hydraulic Diameter (mm)1.5 - 6.3
Pressure (MPa)3.4 - 10
Mass Flux (kg/m-sec)800 - 4100
Heat Flux (kW/m)450 - 2250
Quality0.1 - 0.9
### Frederking correlation
The Frederking correlation (Liu and Kazimi, 2006) for turbulent film boiling heat transfer coefficient during RIA is: (59) where is the turbulent film boiling heat transfer coefficient (W/m-K), is the thermal conductivity of vapor (W/m-K), is the modified latent heat of vaporization (kJ/kg), is the acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 (m/s), is the density of vapor at saturation temperature (kg/m), is the density of liquid at saturation temperature (kg/m), is the saturation temperature (K), and is the cladding wall temperature (K).
The modified latent heat is given as (60) where is the latent heat of vaporization (kJ/kg), is the specific heat of vapor at saturated temperature (kJ/kg-K), is the saturation temperature (K), and is the cladding wall temperature (K).
### Bishop-Sandberg-Tong correlation
The Bishop-Sandberg-Tong correlation (Geelhood, 2014) for film boiling heat transfer coefficient is: (61) where is the coolant thermal conductivity at the film temperature (W/m-K), is the hydraulic diameter (m), is the Reynolds number with fluid properties evaluated at the film temperature, is the Prandtl number with fluid properties evaluated at the film temperature, is the density of vapor at saturation temperature (kg/m), is the density of liquid at saturation temperature (kg/m), and is the bulk fluid density (kg/m). This correlation is defined by the properties of the vapor film at the wall and the film temperature. The film temperature is defined as (62) The film boiling heat flux for this correlation is: (63) The bulk fluid density is defined as (64) The equilibrium void fraction is defined as (65) where, is the equilibrium quality (dimensionless).
## Logic to Determine Heat Transfer Regime
The boiling curve in the Bison code depends on the selected pre-CHF, CHF, and post-CHF correlations. The diagrams in Figure 3 shows the criteria used in the selection of different heat transfer regimes.
Figure 3: Schematic of heat transfer regimes selection criteria}
Dittus-Boelter correlation is used for the single phase liquid forced convection and for the single phase vapor forced convection. Thom or Jens-Lottes correlation is used for the sub-cooled boiling regime. Thom, Jens-Lottes, or Chen correlation is used for the forced boiling convection regime. Shrock-Grossman correlation is used for the forced boiling convection and vaporization regime. In the transition boiling regime, either the MCDonough-Milich-King ocrrelation or the modified Condie-Bengtson correlation is ued. In the film boiling regime, Dougall-Rohsenow or Groenveld correlation is used. is the temperate at the onset of nucleate boiling. is the temperature at the critical heat flux. The selection of different types heat transfer correlations is described in the users manual. The logic described above is not applicable for radiation heat trasnfer and reflood heat transfer modes. They can be activated by using input heat transfer mode.
## FLECHT Reflood Heat Transfer Correlations
An empirical approach for modeling the reflooding phase of a LOCA is using the correlations derived from Full Length Emergency Cooling Heat Transfer (FLECHT) tests (Cunningham et al., 2001; Cadek et al., 1972).
Two reflood heat transfer correlations are implemented in Bison code. The first correlation is provided in Cunningham et al. (2001), and the second one is described in Cadek et al. (1972).
The heat transfer correlations compute heat transfer coefficients during reflooding phase of LOCA as a function of flooding rate, cladding temperature at the start of flooding, fuel rod power at the start of flooding, flooding water temperature, pressure, rod elevation and time. The applicable ranges of these variables are shown in Table 9 and Table 10 for the heat transfer correlations given in Cunningham et al. (2001) and Cadek et al. (1972) respectively. The variables are defined as follow:
• = flooding rate (in/s)
• = Peak cladding temperature at start of flooding (F)
• = fuel rod power at axial peak at start of flooding (kW/ft)
• = reactor vessel pressure (psia)
• = equivalent FLECHT elevation (ft)
• = flood water subcooling at inlet (F)
• = time after start of flooding as adjusted for variable flooding rate (s)
• = heat transfer coefficient (Btu/(hr-ft-F))
• = radial power shape factor = 1.0 for a nuclear fuel rod = 1.1 for electrical rod with radially uniform power
• = flow blockage ()
### Generalized FLECHT correlation
The generalized FLECHT correlation from Cunningham et al. (2001) divides the reflood heat transfer into four time periods: period of radiation only, period I, period II, and period III.
The heat transfer due to radiation is modeled during the time range of t 0 and t $\leq t_{1}$. The heat transfer coefficient expression is given as (66) where (67)
(68)
(69)
(70)
(71)
(72)
#### Period I
During Period I, the flow develops from the radiation dominated pre-reflood condition to heat transfer conditions in reflooding phase. (73) where is defined as (74)
(75) is defined as (76)
The heat transfer coefficient during Period I is calculated as follow (77) where (78)
(79)
(80)
(81)
(82)
(83)
(84)
(85)
(86)
(87)
(88)
(89)
#### Period II
During this period, the heat transfer coefficient reaches a plateau with a rather slow increase. The time range for Period II is (90) where (91) The heat transfer coefficient during Period II is computed by the equation (92)
(93)
(94)
(95)
(96)
(97)
(98)
(99)
(100)
#### Period III
During this period, the flow pattern might have changed to film boiling regime ,and the heat transfer coefficient increases rapidly as the quench front approaches. The time range of Period III is (101) is the time of quenching.
The heat transfer coefficient during Period III is calculated as follow (102) where (103)
(104)
(105)
#### Modification for Low Flooding Rates
The heat transfer coefficients for Periods I, II, and III is multiplied by a factor f to best match the test data performed at low flooding rates. The factor f is calculated as follow (106) where (107)
(108)
(109)
(110) The above correlations are valid over the following ranges of parameters (Cunningham et al., 2001):
Table 9: Range of applicability of generalized FLECHT correlation
VariableApplicable range of variable in British unitApplicable range of variable in SI unit
Flooding rate0.4 - 10 in/s0.0102 - 0.254 m/s
Reactor vessel pressure15 - 90 psia0.103 - 0.62 MPa
Inlet coolant subcooling16 - 189 F264.3 - 360.4 K
Initial cladding temperature300 - 2200 F420 - 1478 K
Flow blockage ratio0 - 75 %0 - 75 %
Equivalent elevation in FLECHT facility2 - 10 ft0.6096 - 3.048 m
### WCAP-7931 FLECHT correlation
The WCAP-7931 correlation (Cadek et al., 1972) divides the reflood heat transfer into three time periods which are designated as Period I, Period II, and Period III.
#### Period I
The time range of Period I is (111) where is defined as (112)
The quench time is defined as (113) is defined as (114)
The heat transfer coefficient during Period I is calculated as follow (115) where (116)
(117)
(118)
(119)
(120)
#### Period II
The time range of Period I is (121) where (122)
The heat transfer coefficient during Period II is computed by the equation (123) where (124)
(125)
(126)
(127)
(128)
(129)
#### Period III
The time range of Period III is (130)
The heat transfer coefficient during Period III is calculated as follow (131) where (132)
(133)
(134) The above correlations are valid over the following ranges of parameters:
Table 10: Range of applicability of FLECHT correlation from WCAP-7931 report
VariableApplicable range of variable in British unitApplicable range of variable in SI unit
Flooding rate0.4 - 10 in/s0.0102 - 0.254 m/s
Reactor vessel pressure15 - 90 psia0.103 - 0.62 MPa
Inlet coolant subcooling16 - 189 F264.3 - 360.4 K
Initial cladding temperature1200 - 2200 F922 - 1479 K
Flow blockage ratio0 - 75 %0 - 75 %
Equivalent elevation in FLECHT facility4 - 8 ft1.219 - 2.438 m
## Properties for Water and Steam
Properties for water and steam consist of thermodynamic properties, transport properties, and other physical properties used in the heat transfer correlations. They are implemented based on a few standards specified by the International Association or Properties for Water and Steam (IAPWS). The thermodynamic properties, or the steam tables, are implemented in the IAPWS95 library, included as a submodule in Bison.
## Sodium Coolant
Sodium coolant for fast reactors can also be simulated in Bison. The model uses the same framework as the above calculations for water/steam, but with appropriate correlations for liquid sodium. The model uses the modified Schad correlation (Waltar et al., 2011) by default for triangular subchannels (135) where is the Nusselt number, is the Peclet number, and is the pitch-to-diameter ratio and is applicable for . For , the term is set to 1.0.
The Lyon's Law correlation (Lyon, 1951) is generally used for heat transfer from a rod to flow within a surrounding circular tube for liquid metals (136) applicable for and .
The Seban and Shimazaki correlation (Subbotin et al., 1963) is specific to liquid sodium heat transfer from a rod to fluid within a surrounding circular tube with constant rod wall temperature (137) and is applicable for , , and .
Sodium properties are taken from the ANL/RE-92/2 report (Fink and Leibowitz, 1995): (138) where is thermal conductivity, is enthalpy, and units are SI.
At high tempeature, radiation heat transfer can occur from cladding outer surface to surrounding core structure components. In simulated LOCA tests at Halden, heat can be transferred to the heating element as well. Radiation heat transfer is described by following equation: (139)
(140) where and are the surface emissivities of the cladding and heater, respectively,f and and are the radii of the two surfaces, is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant ().
## References
1. F. F. Cadek, D. P. Dominicis, H. C. Yeh, and R. H. Leyse. PWR FLECHT final report supplement. Technical Report WCAP-7931, Westinghouse, October 1972.[BibTeX]
2. M E Cunningham, C E Beyer, P G Medvedev, and G A Berna. Fraptran: a computer code for the transient analysis of oxide fuel rods. Technical Report NUREG/CR-6739 Vol.1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 2001.[BibTeX]
3. R L Dougall and W M Rohsenow. Film-boiling heat transfer from a horizontal surface. Journal of Heat Transfer, 83:351–358, 1961.[BibTeX]
4. J. K. Fink and L. Leibowitz. Thermodynamic and transport properties of sodium liquid and vapor. Technical Report ANL/Re-95/2, ANL Reactor Engineering Division, 1995.[BibTeX]
5. K. J. Geelhood. FRAPTRAN–1.5: a Computer Code for the Transient Analysis of Oxide Fuel Rods. Technical Report NUREG/CF-7023 Vol.1, Rev.1, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 2014.[BibTeX]
6. W. Liu and M. S. Kazimi. Modeling Cladding-Coolant Heat Transfer of High-Burnup Fuel During RIA. In Proceedings of ICONE-14. 2006.[BibTeX]
7. Richard N Lyon. Liquid metal heat transfer coefficients. Chem. Eng. Prog., 47:75–79, 1951.[BibTeX]
8. Y Rashid, R Dunham, and R Montgomery. Fuel Analysis and Licensing Code: FALCON MOD01. Technical Report, Electric Power Research Institute, December 2004.[BibTeX]
9. VI Subbotin, AK Papovyants, PL Kirillov, and NN Ivanovskii. A study of heat transfer to molten sodium in tubes. Soviet Atomic Energy, 13(4):991–994, 1963.[BibTeX]
10. N. E. Todreas and M. S. Kazimi. Nuclear systems I: thermal hyraulic fundamentals. Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, New York, N.Y., USA, 1990.[BibTeX]
11. L. S. Tong and Y. S. Tang. Boiling heat transfer and two-phase flow. Taylor and Francis, Washington, DC, USA, 1997.[BibTeX]
12. L. S. Tong and J. Weisman. Thermal analysis of pressurized water reactors. American Nuclear Society, La Grange Park, Illinois, USA, 1996.[BibTeX]
13. A.E. Waltar, D.R. Todd, and P.V. Tsvetkov. Fast Spectrum Reactors. Springer US, 2011. ISBN 9781441995728. URL: https://books.google.com/books?id=z8z\_RNUZSbEC.[BibTeX]
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## Windows » History » Version 18
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# Windows¶
There are numerous graphical front ends to the various packages on Windows; regardless which
front-end you choose, you will need to configure the back-end part below.
## Back Ends¶
For write access to repositories on cdcvs, I am currently recommending that users use the old GetCert bundle and the ssh in there if you want an old, tried and true setup.
Then there are a few steps to get things setup:
1. Install the contents of kca.zip in a directory.
2. Create three environment variables
1. (local) KRB5CCNAME = C:\Users\yourUsername\AppData\Local\Temp\krb5_cc_cache Notes: Requires full read/write access. There may also be an issue with spaces in the file name and/or path.
2. (system) KRB5_CONFIG = [Path from step 1 above]\krb5.conf
3. (system) CVS_RSH = [Path from step 1 above]\ssh.exe
by doing:
• Right-click My Computer, and then click Properties.
• Click Environment variables.
• Click one the following options, for either a user or a system variable:
• Click New to add a new variable name and value.
• Click an existing variable, and then click Edit to change its name or value.
• Click an existing variable, and then click Delete to remove it.
1. Changes to NetID manager — NetIDSetup.jpg
1. Open Network Identity Manager
2. Double click your default identify ()
3. Click "Identify configuration"
4. Select the Kerberos V5 tab
5. Change the Credential cache location to file: plus the value of the KRB5CCNAME environment variable set in step 2.1 above. See screen shot example.
6. Close all open windows then renew your the credentials for .
7. Verify your tickets by opening a DOS window and entering klist. See screen shot example.
## Check if it works:¶
try to login on the server with ssh. In a cmd.exe window:
ssh [email protected] echo hi
(where "project" is your project name). You should get
Only 'lscvs' and 'cvs' commands are allowed
## Subversion¶
Configure Subversion to use plink/ssh for “svn+ssh” uri.
• Edit the file c:\Documents and Settings\user\Application Data\Subversion\config
(with your username for "user") * Locate the section named [tunnels] * Add the following line :
ssh=c:/path/to/plink.exe
for the Putty setup, or for ssh
ssh=c:/path/to/ssh.exe
| 2021-04-14T18:16:58 |
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|
http://dergipark.gov.tr/ijemst/issue/39894/509258
|
| | | |
## Development of STEM Attitude Scale for Secondary School Students: Validity and Reliability Study
#### Ibrahim Benek [1] , Behiye Akcay [2]
##### 0 28
The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable attitude scale that could measure secondary school students' attitudes towards the Science-Technology-Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). This study was conducted in 2017-2018 academic year with 2500 secondary school students studying in the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades from fifteen (15) different secondary schools in ten different (10) provinces of seven (7) different regions of Turkey. The study is designed according to the scanning method which is a descriptive research method. When determining the sample of the research, stratified sampling method was taken into consideration. Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were performed to test the validity of the scale structure. KMO in EFA .919, and the Barlett’s test χ2 value was found as 26236,010 (p <.001). As a result of CFA to determine the model fit of the scale, chi-square fit value of the factor structure consisting of 33 items and 6 sub-factors (χ ² = 4083.21, Sd = 480, p = 00) was found to be significant and the following was found RMSEA: .0548, RMR: .0486, SRMR: .0486, GFI: .902, AGFI: .885, IFI: .902, NFI: .890, NNFI: .892 and CFI: .902. Since all fit values are within acceptable limits, it is concluded that the six-factor structure of scale is a usable, valid model. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability analyzes were performed to determine the reliability of the scale. As a result, the Cronbach Alpha (α) internal consistency reliability value of the scale was found as 0.887 and the test-retest reliability value was found as 0.804. Based on this, the scale can be said to be highly reliable. It is concluded that the scale consisting of 33 items and six factors is a valid and reliable tool which determines middle school students’ attitudes toward STEM.
STEM, Scale, Validity, Reliability
• Benek, I. & Akcay, B. (2019). Development of STEM attitude scale for secondary school students: Validity and reliability study. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology (IJEMST), 7(1), 32-52. DOI:10.18404/ijemst.509258
Birincil Dil en Sosyal Makaleler Yazar: Ibrahim Benek Yazar: Behiye Akcay
Bibtex @araştırma makalesi { ijemst509258, journal = {International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology}, issn = {}, eissn = {2147-611X}, address = {ISRES Publishing}, year = {2019}, volume = {7}, pages = {32 - 52}, doi = {10.18404/ijemst.509258}, title = {Development of STEM Attitude Scale for Secondary School Students: Validity and Reliability Study}, key = {cite}, author = {Benek, Ibrahim and Akcay, Behiye} } APA Benek, I , Akcay, B . (2019). Development of STEM Attitude Scale for Secondary School Students: Validity and Reliability Study. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 7 (1), 32-52. DOI: 10.18404/ijemst.509258 MLA Benek, I , Akcay, B . "Development of STEM Attitude Scale for Secondary School Students: Validity and Reliability Study". International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology 7 (2019): 32-52 Chicago Benek, I , Akcay, B . "Development of STEM Attitude Scale for Secondary School Students: Validity and Reliability Study". International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology 7 (2019): 32-52 RIS TY - JOUR T1 - Development of STEM Attitude Scale for Secondary School Students: Validity and Reliability Study AU - Ibrahim Benek , Behiye Akcay Y1 - 2019 PY - 2019 N1 - doi: 10.18404/ijemst.509258 DO - 10.18404/ijemst.509258 T2 - International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology JF - Journal JO - JOR SP - 32 EP - 52 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - -2147-611X M3 - doi: 10.18404/ijemst.509258 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.18404/ijemst.509258 Y2 - 2018 ER - EndNote %0 International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology Development of STEM Attitude Scale for Secondary School Students: Validity and Reliability Study %A Ibrahim Benek , Behiye Akcay %T Development of STEM Attitude Scale for Secondary School Students: Validity and Reliability Study %D 2019 %J International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology %P -2147-611X %V 7 %N 1 %R doi: 10.18404/ijemst.509258 %U 10.18404/ijemst.509258 ISNAD Benek, Ibrahim , Akcay, Behiye . "Development of STEM Attitude Scale for Secondary School Students: Validity and Reliability Study". International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology 7 / 1 (Ocak 2019): 32-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18404/ijemst.509258
| 2019-01-24T02:14:22 |
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|
https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10349833-galaxygalaxy-lensing-des-cmass-catalogue-measurement-constraints-galaxy-matter-cross-correlation
|
Galaxy–galaxy lensing with the DES-CMASS catalogue: measurement and constraints on the galaxy-matter cross-correlation
ABSTRACT The DMASS sample is a photometric sample from the DES Year 1 data set designed to replicate the properties of the CMASS sample from BOSS, in support of a joint analysis of DES and BOSS beyond the small overlapping area. In this paper, we present the measurement of galaxy–galaxy lensing using the DMASS sample as gravitational lenses in the DES Y1 imaging data. We test a number of potential systematics that can bias the galaxy–galaxy lensing signal, including those from shear estimation, photometric redshifts, and observing conditions. After careful systematic tests, we obtain a highly significant detection of the galaxy–galaxy lensing signal, with total S/N = 25.7. With the measured signal, we assess the feasibility of using DMASS as gravitational lenses equivalent to CMASS, by estimating the galaxy-matter cross-correlation coefficient rcc. By jointly fitting the galaxy–galaxy lensing measurement with the galaxy clustering measurement from CMASS, we obtain $r_{\rm cc}=1.09^{+0.12}_{-0.11}$ for the scale cut of $4 \, h^{-1}{\rm \,\,Mpc}$ and $r_{\rm cc}=1.06^{+0.13}_{-0.12}$ for $12 \, h^{-1}{\rm \,\,Mpc}$ in fixed cosmology. By adding the angular galaxy clustering of DMASS, we obtain rcc = 1.06 ± 0.10 for the scale cut of $4 \, h^{-1}{\rm \,\,Mpc}$ and rcc = 1.03 ± 0.11 for $12 \, h^{-1}{\rm \,\,Mpc}$. The resulting more »
Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more »
Award ID(s):
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10349833
Journal Name:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume:
509
Issue:
2
Page Range or eLocation-ID:
2033 to 2047
ISSN:
0035-8711
1. ABSTRACT The DES-CMASS sample (DMASS) is designed to optimally combine the weak lensing measurements from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and redshift-space distortions (RSD) probed by the CMASS galaxy sample from the Baryonic Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of adopting DMASS as the equivalent of CMASS for a joint analysis of DES and BOSS in the framework of modified gravity. We utilize the angular clustering of the DMASS galaxies, cosmic shear of the DES metacalibration sources, and cross-correlation of the two as data vectors. By jointly fitting the combination of the data with the RSD measurements from the CMASS sample and Planck data, we obtain the constraints on modified gravity parameters $\mu _0=-0.37^{+0.47}_{-0.45}$ and $\Sigma _0=0.078^{+0.078}_{-0.082}$. Our constraints of modified gravity with DMASS are tighter than those with the DES Year 1 redMaGiC sample with the same external data sets by 29 per cent for μ0 and 21 per cent for Σ0, and comparable to the published results of the DES Year 1 modified gravity analysis despite this work using fewer external data sets. This improvement is mainly because the galaxy bias parameter is shared and more tightly constrained by both CMASS and DMASS, effectivelymore »
We present cosmological parameter constraints based on a joint modelling of galaxy–lensing cross-correlations and galaxy clustering measurements in the SDSS, marginalizing over small-scale modelling uncertainties using mock galaxy catalogues, without explicit modelling of galaxy bias. We show that our modelling method is robust to the impact of different choices for how galaxies occupy dark matter haloes and to the impact of baryonic physics (at the $\sim 2{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ level in cosmological parameters) and test for the impact of covariance on the likelihood analysis and of the survey window function on the theory computations. Applying our results to the measurements using galaxy samples from BOSS and lensing measurements using shear from SDSS galaxies and CMB lensing from Planck, with conservative scale cuts, we obtain $S_8\equiv \left(\frac{\sigma _8}{0.8228}\right)^{0.8}\left(\frac{\Omega _\mathrm{ m}}{0.307}\right)^{0.6}=0.85\pm 0.05$ (stat.) using LOWZ × SDSS galaxy lensing, and S8 = 0.91 ± 0.1 (stat.) using combination of LOWZ and CMASS × Planck CMB lensing. We estimate the systematic uncertainty in the galaxy–galaxy lensing measurements to be $\sim 6{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ (dominated by photometric redshift uncertainties) and in the galaxy–CMB lensing measurements to be $\sim 3{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, from small-scale modelling uncertainties including baryonic physics.
3. ABSTRACT We compare predictions for galaxy–galaxy lensing profiles and clustering from the Henriques et al. public version of the Munich semi-analytical model (SAM) of galaxy formation and the IllustrisTNG suite, primarily TNG300, with observations from KiDS + GAMA and SDSS-DR7 using four different selection functions for the lenses (stellar mass, stellar mass and group membership, stellar mass and isolation criteria, and stellar mass and colour). We find that this version of the SAM does not agree well with the current data for stellar mass-only lenses with $M_\ast \gt 10^{11}\, \mathrm{ M}_\odot$. By decreasing the merger time for satellite galaxies as well as reducing the radio-mode active galactic nucleus accretion efficiency in the SAM, we obtain better agreement, both for the lensing and the clustering, at the high-mass end. We show that the new model is consistent with the signals for central galaxies presented in Velliscig et al. Turning to the hydrodynamical simulation, TNG300 produces good lensing predictions, both for stellar mass-only (χ2 = 1.81 compared to χ2 = 7.79 for the SAM) and locally brightest galaxy samples (χ2 = 3.80 compared to χ2 = 5.01). With added dust corrections to the colours it matches the SDSS clustering signal well for red low-mass galaxies. We find that both themore »
The combination of galaxy–galaxy lensing (GGL) and galaxy clustering is a powerful probe of low-redshift matter clustering, especially if it is extended to the non-linear regime. To this end, we use an N-body and halo occupation distribution (HOD) emulator method to model the redMaGiC sample of colour-selected passive galaxies in the Dark Energy Survey (DES), adding parameters that describe central galaxy incompleteness, galaxy assembly bias, and a scale-independent multiplicative lensing bias Alens. We use this emulator to forecast cosmological constraints attainable from the GGL surface density profile ΔΣ(rp) and the projected galaxy correlation function wp, gg(rp) in the final (Year 6) DES data set over scales $r_p=0.3\!-\!30.0\, h^{-1} \, \mathrm{Mpc}$. For a $3{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ prior on Alens we forecast precisions of $1.9{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, $2.0{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, and $1.9{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ on Ωm, σ8, and $S_8 \equiv \sigma _8\Omega _m^{0.5}$, marginalized over all halo occupation distribution (HOD) parameters as well as Alens. Adding scales $r_p=0.3\!-\!3.0\, h^{-1} \, \mathrm{Mpc}$ improves the S8 precision by a factor of ∼1.6 relative to a large scale ($3.0\!-\!30.0\, h^{-1} \, \mathrm{Mpc}$) analysis, equivalent to increasing the survey area by a factor of ∼2.6. Sharpening the Alens prior to $1{{\more » 5. ABSTRACT We describe our non-linear emulation (i.e. interpolation) framework that combines the halo occupation distribution (HOD) galaxy bias model with N-body simulations of non-linear structure formation, designed to accurately predict the projected clustering and galaxy–galaxy lensing signals from luminous red galaxies in the redshift range 0.16 < z < 0.36 on comoving scales 0.6 < rp < 30$h^{-1} \, \text{Mpc}\$. The interpolation accuracy is ≲ 1–2 per cent across the entire physically plausible range of parameters for all scales considered. We correctly recover the true value of the cosmological parameter S8 = (σ8/0.8228)(Ωm/0.3107)0.6 from mock measurements produced via subhalo abundance matching (SHAM)-based light-cones designed to approximately match the properties of the SDSS LOWZ galaxy sample. Applying our model to Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Data Release 14 (DR14) LOWZ galaxy clustering and galaxy-shear cross-correlation measurements made with Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 8 (DR8) imaging, we perform a prototype cosmological analysis marginalizing over wCDM cosmological parameters and galaxy HOD parameters. We obtain a 4.4 per cent measurement of S8 = 0.847 ± 0.037, in 3.5σ tension with the Planck cosmological results of 1.00 ± 0.02. We discuss the possibility of underestimated systematic uncertainties or astrophysical effects that could explain this discrepancy.
| 2022-11-29T16:06:24 |
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|
https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10244183-shockmulticloud-interactions-galactic-outflows-cloud-layers-lognormal-density-distributions
|
Shock–multicloud interactions in galactic outflows – I. Cloud layers with lognormal density distributions
ABSTRACT We report three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of shocks (${\cal M_{\rm shock}}\ge 4$) interacting with fractal multicloud layers. The evolution of shock–multicloud systems consists of four stages: a shock-splitting phase in which reflected and refracted shocks are generated, a compression phase in which the forward shock compresses cloud material, an expansion phase triggered by internal heating and shock re-acceleration, and a mixing phase in which shear instabilities generate turbulence. We compare multicloud layers with narrow ($\sigma _{\rho }=1.9\bar{\rho }$) and wide ($\sigma _{\rho }=5.9\bar{\rho }$) lognormal density distributions characteristic of Mach ≈ 5 supersonic turbulence driven by solenoidal and compressive modes. Our simulations show that outflowing cloud material contains imprints of the density structure of their native environments. The dynamics and disruption of multicloud systems depend on the porosity and the number of cloudlets in the layers. ‘Solenoidal’ layers mix less, generate less turbulence, accelerate faster, and form a more coherent mixed-gas shell than the more porous ‘compressive’ layers. Similarly, multicloud systems with more cloudlets quench mixing via a shielding effect and enhance momentum transfer. Mass loading of diffuse mixed gas is efficient in all models, but direct dense gas entrainment is highly inefficient. Dense gas only survives in compressive clouds, more »
Authors:
; ; ; ; ;
Award ID(s):
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10244183
Journal Name:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume:
499
Issue:
2
Page Range or eLocation-ID:
2173 to 2195
ISSN:
0035-8711
2. Direct numerical simulations are performed to investigate a stratified shear layer at high Reynolds number ( $Re$ ) in a study where the Richardson number ( $Ri$ ) is varied among cases. Unlike previous work on a two-layer configuration in which the shear layer resides between two layers with constant density, an unbounded fluid with uniform stratification is considered here. The evolution of the shear layer includes a primary Kelvin–Helmholtz shear instability followed by a wide range of secondary shear and convective instabilities, similar to the two-layer configuration. During transition to turbulence, the shear layers at low $Ri$ exhibit a period of thickness contraction (not observed at lower $Re$ ) when the momentum and buoyancy fluxes are counter-gradient. The behaviour in the turbulent regime is significantly different from the case with a two-layer density profile. The transition layers, which are zones with elevated shear and stratification that form at the shear-layer edges, are stronger and also able to support a significant internal wave flux. After the shear layer becomes turbulent, mixing in the transition layers is shown to be more efficient than that which develops in the centre of the shear layer. Overall, the cumulative mixing efficiency ( $E^C$ )more »
3. ABSTRACT Cosmic ray (CR)-modified shocks are a demanding test of numerical codes. We use them to test and validate the two-moment method for CR hydrodynamics, as well as characterize the realism of CR shock acceleration in two-fluid simulations which inevitably arises. Previously, numerical codes were unable to incorporate streaming in this demanding regime, and have never been compared against analytic solutions. First, we find a new analytic solution highly discrepant in acceleration efficiency from the standard solution. It arises from bi-directional streaming of CRs away from the subshock, similar to a Zeldovich spike in radiative shocks. Since fewer CRs diffuse back upstream, this favours a much lower acceleration efficiency, typically ${\lesssim}10{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ (even for Mach number > 10) as opposed to ${\gtrsim}50{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ found in previous analytic work. At Mach number ≳10, the new solution bifurcates into three branches, with efficient, intermediate, and inefficient CR acceleration. Our two-moment code accurately recovers these solutions across the entire parameter space probed, with no ad hoc closure relations. For generic initial conditions, the inefficient branch is robustly chosen by the code; the intermediate branch is unstable. The preferred branch is very weakly modified by CRs. At high Mach numbersmore »
| 2022-12-03T06:48:16 |
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|
https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10105182-gan-em-gan-based-em-learning-framework
|
GAN-EM: GAN Based EM Learning Framework
Authors:
; ; ; ;
Award ID(s):
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10105182
Journal Name:
International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
1. Electromigration (EM) analysis for complicated interconnects requires the solving of partial differential equations, which is expensive. In this paper, we propose a fast transient hydrostatic stress analysis for EM failure assessment for multi-segment interconnects using generative adversarial networks (GANs). Our work is inspired by the image synthesis and feature of generative deep neural networks. The stress evaluation of multi-segment interconnects, modeled by partial differential equations, can be viewed as time-varying 2D-images-to-image problem where the input is the multi-segment interconnects topology with current densities and the output is the EM stress distribution in those wire segments at the given aging time. We show that the conditional GAN can be exploited to attend the temporal dynamics for modeling the time-varying dynamic systems like stress evolution over time. The resulting algorithm, called {\it EM-GAN}, can quickly give accurate stress distribution of a general multi-segment wire tree for a given aging time, which is important for full-chip fast EM failure assessment. Our experimental results show that the EM-GAN shows 6.6\% averaged error compared to COMSOL simulation results with orders of magnitude speedup. It also delivers $8.3 \times$ speedup over state-of-the-art analytic based EM analysis solver.
| 2023-03-27T00:42:24 |
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|
https://openastronomy.org/rcsc18/chapters/03-fundamentals-of-python/02-repeating-actions
|
# Repeating Actions with Loops
In the last lesson, we wrote some code that plots some values of interest from our first inflammation dataset, and reveals some suspicious features in it, such as from inflammation-01.csv
We have a dozen data sets right now, though, and more on the way. We want to create plots for all of our data sets with a single statement. To do that, we’ll have to teach the computer how to repeat things.
An example task that we might want to repeat is printing each character in a word on a line of its own.
word = 'lead'
We can access a character in a string using its index. For example, we can get the first character of the word 'lead', by using word[0]. One way to print each character is to use four print statements:
print(word[0])
print(word[1])
print(word[2])
print(word[3])
l
e
a
d
This is a bad approach for two reasons:
1. It doesn’t scale: if we want to print the characters in a string that’s hundreds of letters long, we’d be better off just typing them in.
2. It’s fragile: if we give it a longer string, it only prints part of the data, and if we give it a shorter one, it produces an error because we’re asking for characters that don’t exist.
word = 'tin'
print(word[0])
print(word[1])
print(word[2])
print(word[3])
t
i
n
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
IndexError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-3-e59d5eac5430> in <module>()
3 print(word[1])
4 print(word[2])
----> 5 print(word[3])
IndexError: string index out of range
Here’s a better approach:
word = 'lead'
for char in word:
print(char)
l
e
a
d
This is shorter — certainly shorter than something that prints every character in a hundred-letter string — and more robust as well:
word = 'oxygen'
for char in word:
print(char)
o
x
y
g
e
n
The improved version uses a for loop to repeat an operation — in this case, printing — once for each thing in a sequence. The general form of a loop is:
for variable in collection:
do things with variable
Using the oxygen example above, the loop might look like this:
where each character (char) in the variable word is looped through and printed one character after another. The numbers in the diagram denote which loop cycle the character was printed in (1 being the first loop, and 6 being the final loop).
We can call the loop variable anything we like, but there must be a colon at the end of the line starting the loop, and we must indent anything we want to run inside the loop. Unlike many other languages, there is no command to signify the end of the loop body (e.g. end for); what is indented after the for statement belongs to the loop.
## What’s in a name?
In the example above, the loop variable was given the name char as a mnemonic; it is short for ‘character’. We can choose any name we want for variables. We might just as easily have chosen the name banana for the loop variable, as long as we use the same name when we invoke the variable inside the loop:
word = 'oxygen'
for banana in word:
print(banana)
o
x
y
g
e
n
It is a good idea to choose variable names that are meaningful, otherwise it would be more difficult to understand what the loop is doing.
Here’s another loop that repeatedly updates a variable:
length = 0
for vowel in 'aeiou':
length = length + 1
print('There are', length, 'vowels')
There are 5 vowels
It’s worth tracing the execution of this little program step by step. Since there are five characters in 'aeiou', the statement on line 3 will be executed five times. The first time around, length is zero (the value assigned to it on line 1) and vowel is 'a'. The statement adds 1 to the old value of length, producing 1, and updates length to refer to that new value. The next time around, vowel is 'e' and length is 1, so length is updated to be 2. After three more updates, length is 5; since there is nothing left in 'aeiou' for Python to process, the loop finishes and the print statement on line 4 tells us our final answer.
Note that a loop variable is just a variable that’s being used to record progress in a loop. It still exists after the loop is over, and we can re-use variables previously defined as loop variables as well:
letter = 'z'
for letter in 'abc':
print(letter)
print('after the loop, letter is', letter)
a
b
c
after the loop, letter is c
Note also that finding the length of a string is such a common operation that Python actually has a built-in function to do it called len:
print(len('aeiou'))
5
len is much faster than any function we could write ourselves, and much easier to read than a two-line loop; it will also give us the length of many other things that we haven’t met yet, so we should always use it when we can.
## From 1 to N
Python has a built-in function called range that creates a sequence of numbers. range can accept 1, 2, or 3 parameters.
• If one parameter is given, range creates an array of that length, starting at zero and incrementing by 1. For example, range(3) produces the numbers 0, 1, 2.
• If two parameters are given, range starts at the first and ends just before the second, incrementing by one. For example, range(2, 5) produces 2, 3, 4.
• If range is given 3 parameters, it starts at the first one, ends just before the second one, and increments by the third one. For exmaple range(3, 10, 2) produces 3, 5, 7, 9.
## Challenge:
Using range, write a loop that uses range to print the first 3 natural numbers:
1
2
3
## Solution
for i in range(1, 4):
print(i)
1
2
3
## Computing Powers With Loops
Exponentiation is built into Python:
print(5 ** 3)
125
## Challenge:
Write a loop that calculates the same result as 5 ** 3 using multiplication (and without exponentiation).
## Solution
result = 1
for i in range(0, 3):
result = result * 5
print(result)
125
## Challenge: Reverse a String
Knowing that two strings can be concatenated using the + operator, write a loop that takes a string and produces a new string with the characters in reverse order, so 'Newton' becomes 'notweN'.
## Solution
newstring = ''
oldstring = 'Newton'
for char in oldstring:
newstring = char + newstring
print(newstring)
notweN
## Computing the Value of a Polynomial
The built-in function enumerate takes a sequence (e.g. a list) and generates a new sequence of the same length. Each element of the new sequence is a pair composed of the index (0, 1, 2,…) and the value from the original sequence:
for i, x in enumerate(xs):
# Do something with i and x
The code above loops through xs, assigning the index to i and the value to x. Suppose you have encoded a polynomial as a list of coefficients in the following way: the first element is the constant term, the second element is the coefficient of the linear term, the third is the coefficient of the quadratic term, etc.
x = 5
cc = [2, 4, 3]
y = cc[0] * x**0 + cc[1] * x**1 + cc[2] * x**2
y
97
## Challenge:
Write a loop using enumerate(cc) which computes the value y of any polynomial, given x and cc.
## Solution
y = 0
for i, c in enumerate(cc):
y = y + x**i * c
y
97
The material in this notebook is derived from the Software Carpentry lessons © Software Carpentry under the terms of the CC-BY 4.0 license.
| 2022-01-21T08:00:20 |
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|
https://control.com/textbook/control-valves/sliding-stem-valves/
|
# Sliding-stem Valves
## Chapter 30 - Basic Principles of Control Valves and Actuators
A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a linear motion. Some examples of sliding-stem valve body designs are shown here:
Most sliding-stem control valves are direct acting, which means the valve opens up wider as the stem is drawn out of the body. Conversely, a direct-acting valve shuts off (closes) when the stem is pushed into the body. Of course, a reverse-acting valve body would behave just the opposite: opening up as the stem is pushed in and closing off as the stem is drawn out.
### Globe valves
Globe valves restrict the flow of fluid by altering the distance between a movable plug and a stationary seat (in some cases, a pair of plugs and matching seats). Fluid flows through a hole in the center of the seat, and is more or less restricted by the plug’s proximity to that hole. The globe valve design is one of the most popular sliding-stem valve designs used in throttling service. A photograph of a small (2 inch) globe valve body appears here:
A set of three photographs showing a cut-away Masoneilan model 21000 globe valve body illustrates just how the moving plug and stationary seat work together to throttle flow in a direct-acting globe valve. The left-hand photo shows the valve body in the fully closed position, while the middle photo shows the valve half-open, and the right-hand photo shows the valve fully open:
As you can see from these photographs, the valve plug is guided by the stem to maintain alignment with the centerline of the seat. For this reason, this particular style of globe valve is called a stem-guided globe valve.
A variation on the stem-guided globe valve design is the needle valve, where the plug is extremely small in diameter and usually fits well into the seat hole rather than merely sitting on top of it. Needle valves are very common as manually-actuated valves used to control low flow rates of air or oil. A set of three photographs shows a needle valve in the fully-closed, mid-open, and fully-open positions (left-to-right):
Yet another variation on the globe valve design is the port-guided valve, where the plug has an unusual shape, projecting into the seat. Thus, the seat ring acts as a guide for the plug to keep the centerlines of the plug and seat always aligned, minimizing guiding stresses that would otherwise be placed on the stem. This means that the stem may be made smaller in diameter than if the valve trim were stem-guided, minimizing sliding friction and improving control behavior.
A photograph showing a small port-guided globe valve plug appears in the following photograph:
Some globe valves use a pair of plugs (on the same stem) and a matching pair of seats to throttle fluid flow. These are called double-ported globe valves. The purpose of a double-ported globe valve is to minimize the force applied to the stem by process fluid pressure across the plugs:
Differential pressure of the process fluid ($$P_1 - P_2$$) across a valve plug will generate a force parallel to the stem as described by the formula $$F = PA$$, with $$A$$ being the plug’s effective area presented for the pressure to act upon. In a single-ported globe valve, there will only be one force generated by the process pressure. In a double-ported globe valve, there will be two opposed force vectors, one generated at the upper plug and another generated at the lower plug. If the plug areas are approximately equal, then the forces will likewise be approximately equal and therefore nearly cancel. This makes for a control valve that is easier to actuate (i.e. the stem position is less affected by pressure drop across the valve).
The following photograph shows a disassembled Fisher “A-body” double-ported globe valve, with the double plug plainly visible on the right:
This particular double-ported globe valve happens to be stem-guided, with bushings guiding the upper stem and also a lower stem (on the bottom side of the valve body). Double-ported, port-guided control valves also exist, with two sets of port-guided plugs and seats throttling fluid flow.
While double-ported globe valves certainly enjoy the advantage of easier actuation compared to their single-ported cousins, they also suffer from a distinct disadvantage: the near impossibility of tight shut-off. With two plugs needing to come to simultaneous rest on two seats to achieve a fluid-tight seal, there is precious little room for error or dimensional instability. Even if a double-ported valve is prepared in a shop for the best shut-off possible835, it may not completely shut off when installed due to dimensional changes caused by process fluid heating or cooling the valve stem and body. This is especially problematic when the stem is made of a different material than the body. Globe valve stems are commonly manufactured from stainless steel bar stock, while globe valve bodies are commonly made of cast steel. Cold-formed stainless steel has a different coefficient of thermal expansion than hot-cast steel, which means the plugs will no longer simultaneously seat once the valve warms or cools much from the temperature it was at when it seated tightly.
A more modern version of the globe valve design uses a piston-shaped plug inside a surrounding cage with ports cast or machined into it. These cage-guided globe valves throttle flow by uncovering more or less of the port area in the surrounding cage as the plug moves up and down. The cage also serves to guide the plug so the stem need not be subjected to lateral forces as in a stem-guided valve design. A photograph of a cut-away control valve shows the appearance of the cage (in this case, with the plug in the fully closed position). Note the “T”-shaped ports in the cage, through which fluid flows as the plug moves up and out of the way:
An advantage of the cage-guided design is that the valve’s flowing characteristics may be easily altered just by replacing the cage with another having different size or shape of holes. By contrast, stem-guided and port-guided globe valves are characterized by the shape of the plug, which requires further disassembly to replace than the cage in a cage-guided globe valve. With most cage-guided valves all that is needed to replace the cage is to separate the bonnet from the rest of the valve body, at which point the cage may be lifted out of the body and swapped with another cage. In order to change a globe valve’s plug, you must first separate the bonnet from the rest of the body and then de-couple the plug and plug stem from the actuator stem, being careful not to disturb the packing inside of the bonnet as you do so. After replacing a plug, the “bench-set” of the valve must be re-adjusted to ensure proper seating pressure and stroke calibration.
Cage-guided globe valves are available with both balanced and unbalanced plugs. A balanced plug has one or more ports drilled from top to bottom, allowing fluid pressure to equalize on both sides of the plug. This helps minimize the forces acting on the plug which must be overcome by the actuator:
Unbalanced plugs generate a force equal to the product of the differential pressure across the plug and the plug’s area ($$F = PA$$), which may be quite substantial in some applications. Balanced plugs do not generate this same force because they equalize the pressure on both sides of the plug, however, they exhibit the disadvantage of one more leak path when the valve is in the fully closed position (through the balancing ports, past the piston ring, and out the cage ports):
Thus, balanced and unbalanced cage-guided globe valves exhibit similar characteristics to double-ported and single-ported stem- or port-guided globe valves, and for similar reasons. Balanced cage-guided valves are easy to position, just like double-ported stem-guided and port-guided globe valves. However, balanced cage-guided valves tend to leak more when in the shut position due to a greater number of leak paths, much the same as with double-ported stem-guided and port-guided globe valves.
Another style of globe valve body is the three-way body, sometimes called a mixing or a diverting valve. This valve design has three ports on it, with the plug (in this particular case, a cage-guided plug) controlling the degree to which two of the ports connect with the third port:
This dual illustration shows a three-way valve in its two extreme stem positions. If the stem is positioned between these two extremes, all three ports will be “connected” to varying degrees. Three-way valves are useful in services where a flow stream must be diverted (split) between two different directions, or where two flow streams must converge (mix) within the valve to form a single flow stream.
A photograph of a three-way globe valve mixing hot and cold water to control temperature is shown here:
### Gate valves
Gate valves work by inserting a dam (“gate”) into the path of the flow to restrict it, in a manner similar to the action of a sliding door. Gate valves are more often used for on/off control than for throttling.
The following set of photographs shows a hand-operated gate valve (cut away and painted for use as an instructional tool) in three different positions, from full closed to full open (left to right):
### Diaphragm valves
Diaphragm valves use a flexible sheet pressed close to the edge of a solid dam to narrow the flow path for fluid. Their operation is not unlike controlling the flow of water through a flexible hose by pinching the hose. These valves are well suited for flows containing solid particulate matter such as slurries, although precise throttling may be difficult to achieve due to the elasticity of the diaphragm. The next photograph shows a diaphragm valve actuated by an electric motor, used to control the flow of treated sewage:
The following photograph shows a hand-actuated diaphragm valve, the external shape of the valve body revealing the “dam” structure against which the flexible diaphragm is pressed to create a leak-tight seal when shut:
Some diaphragm valves are pneumatically actuated, using the force of compressed air on one side of the diaphragm to press it against the dam (on the other side) to shut off flow. This next example is of a small air-actuated diaphragm valve, controlling the flow of water through a 1-inch pipe:
The actuating air for this particular diaphragm valve comes through an electric solenoid valve. The solenoid valve in this photograph has a brass body and a green-painted solenoid coil.
• Share
Published under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License
| 2019-12-16T10:15:48 |
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|
https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai%3Alyons.terence-j
|
## Lyons, Terence John
Compute Distance To:
Author ID: lyons.terence-j Published as: Lyons, Terry; Lyons, T. J.; Lyons, Terry J.; Lyons, T.; Lyons, Terence J. more...less External Links: MGP · Wikidata · Math-Net.Ru · dblp · GND · IdRef
Documents Indexed: 108 Publications since 1980, including 2 Books 1 Contribution as Editor Biographic References: 1 Publication Co-Authors: 55 Co-Authors with 77 Joint Publications 1,408 Co-Co-Authors
all top 5
### Co-Authors
23 single-authored 8 Crisan, Dan O. 8 Qian, Zhongmin M. 6 Litterer, Christian 6 Yang, Danyu 5 Zhang, Tusheng S. 4 Cass, Thomas Richard 4 Hambly, Ben M. 3 Gyurkó, Lajos Gergely 3 Ni, Hao 3 Perez Arribas, Imanol 3 Xu, Weijun 3 Zheng, Weian 2 Boedihardjo, Horatio 2 Chang, Jiawei 2 Del Moral, Pierre 2 Friz, Peter Karl 2 Gaines, J. G. 2 Hara, Keisuke 2 Hayman, Walter Kurt 2 Nejad, Sina 2 Röckner, Michael 2 Stoica, Lucreţiu 2 Victoir, Nicolas B. 1 Albeverio, Sergio A. 1 Barnett, Chris 1 Bass, Richard F. 1 Beliaev, Dmitri B. 1 Boutaib, Youness 1 Caruana, Michael 1 Chevyrev, Ilya 1 Duplantier, Bertrand 1 Eremenko, Alexandre Émmanuilovich 1 Flint, Guy H. 1 Gaines, Jessica 1 Gamelin, Theodore W. 1 Gassiat, Paul 1 Geng, Xi 1 Kalsi, Jasdeep 1 Kershaw, Donald 1 Lawler, Gregory Francis 1 Le Gall, Jean-François 1 Ledoux, Michel 1 Lee, Wonjung 1 Lejay, Antoine 1 Levin, Daniel 1 Lévy, Thierry 1 Li, Xiang-Dong 1 Liang, Gechun 1 Lunt, John 1 MacGibbon, Brenda 1 Margarint, Vlad 1 McKean, Henry P. jun. 1 Oberhauser, Harald 1 Reuter, G. E. H. 1 Rozanov, Yuriĭ Anatol’evich 1 Salisbury, Thomas S. 1 Salvi, Cristopher 1 Sidorova, Nadia 1 Stroock, Daniel W. 1 Sullivan, Dennis Parnell 1 Taylor, John C. 1 Yam, Phillip S. C. 1 Yang, Weixin 1 Zeitouni, Ofer
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### Serials
10 The Annals of Probability 9 Journal of Functional Analysis 6 Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society 5 Probability Theory and Related Fields 3 Journal of Differential Geometry 3 Revista Matemática Iberoamericana 3 SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics 3 Applied Mathematical Finance 2 Advances in Applied Probability 2 Advances in Mathematics 2 Journal of the London Mathematical Society. Second Series 2 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section A. Mathematics 2 Stochastic Processes and their Applications 2 Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré. Probabilités et Statistiques 2 Electronic Communications in Probability 2 Journal of the European Mathematical Society (JEMS) 2 Comptes Rendus. Mathématique. Académie des Sciences, Paris 1 Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 1 Revue Roumaine de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées 1 Annales de l’Institut Fourier 1 Annales Scientifiques de l’École Normale Supérieure. Quatrième Série 1 Bulletin des Sciences Mathématiques. Deuxième Série 1 Illinois Journal of Mathematics 1 Journal of the Mathematical Society of Japan 1 Mathematische Annalen 1 Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society. Third Series 1 SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis 1 Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 1 Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré. Analyse Non Linéaire 1 The Annals of Applied Probability 1 Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série 1 Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences 1 Stochastics and Stochastics Reports 1 Mathematical Research Letters 1 Bulletin des Sciences Mathématiques 1 Monte Carlo Methods and Applications 1 Sbornik: Mathematics 1 Markov Processes and Related Fields 1 Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 1 Annals of Mathematics. Second Series 1 Communications in Mathematical Sciences 1 Fields Institute Communications 1 Lecture Notes in Mathematics 1 Publications in Sciences. University of Joensuu 1 SIAM Journal on Financial Mathematics 1 Oxford Mathematical Monographs 1 SIAM Journal on Mathematics of Data Science
all top 5
### Fields
82 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 19 Potential theory (31-XX) 19 Systems theory; control (93-XX) 16 Numerical analysis (65-XX) 13 Ordinary differential equations (34-XX) 13 Global analysis, analysis on manifolds (58-XX) 8 Functions of a complex variable (30-XX) 8 Functional analysis (46-XX) 7 Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences (91-XX) 6 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 4 Real functions (26-XX) 4 Differential geometry (53-XX) 2 Measure and integration (28-XX) 2 Dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-XX) 2 Approximations and expansions (41-XX) 2 Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces (42-XX) 2 Abstract harmonic analysis (43-XX) 2 Operator theory (47-XX) 2 Information and communication theory, circuits (94-XX) 1 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 1 History and biography (01-XX) 1 Computer science (68-XX) 1 Mechanics of particles and systems (70-XX) 1 Fluid mechanics (76-XX) 1 Statistical mechanics, structure of matter (82-XX)
### Citations contained in zbMATH Open
96 Publications have been cited 1,892 times in 992 Documents Cited by Year
Differential equations driven by rough signals. Zbl 0923.34056
Lyons, Terry J.
1998
System control and rough paths. Zbl 1029.93001
Lyons, Terry; Qian, Zhongmin
2002
Differential equations driven by rough signals. I: An extension of an inequality of L. C. Young. Zbl 0835.34004
Lyons, Terry
1994
Differential equations driven by rough paths. Ecole d’Eté de Probabilités de Saint-Flour XXXIV – 2004. Lectures given at the 34th probability summer school, July 6–24, 2004. Zbl 1176.60002
Lyons, Terry J.; Caruana, Michael; Lévy, Thierry
2007
Cubature on Wiener space. Zbl 1055.60049
Lyons, Terry; Victoir, Nicolas
2004
Function theory, random paths and covering spaces. Zbl 0554.58022
Lyons, Terry; Sullivan, Dennis
1984
Variable step size control in the numerical solution of stochastic differential equations. Zbl 0888.60046
Gaines, J. G.; Lyons, T. J.
1997
A simple criterion for transience of a reversible Markov chain. Zbl 0509.60067
Lyons, Terry
1983
Integrability and tail estimates for Gaussian rough differential equations. Zbl 1278.60091
Cass, Thomas; Litterer, Christian; Lyons, Terry
2013
Decomposition of Dirichlet processes and its applications. Zbl 0804.60044
Lyons, T. J.; Zhang, T. S.
1994
Uniqueness for the signature of a path of bounded variation and the reduced path group. Zbl 1276.58012
Hambly, Ben; Lyons, Terry
2010
Random generation of stochastic area integrals. Zbl 0805.60052
Gaines, J. G.; Lyons, T. J.
1994
An extension theorem to rough paths. Zbl 1134.60047
Lyons, Terry; Victoir, Nicolas
2007
Nonlinear filtering and measure-valued processes. Zbl 0888.93056
Crisan, Dan; Lyons, Terry
1997
A crossing estimate for the canonical process on a Dirichlet space and a tightness result. Zbl 0654.60059
Lyons, Terence J.; Zheng, Weian
1988
Integrability of functionals of Dirichlet processes, probabilistic representations of semigroups, and estimates of heat kernels. Zbl 0914.60045
Lunt, John; Lyons, T. J.; Zhang, T. S.
1998
Lévy area of Wiener processes in Banach spaces. Zbl 1016.60071
Ledoux, M.; Lyons, T.; Qian, Z.
2002
On conditional diffusion processes. Zbl 0715.60097
Lyons, T. J.; Zheng, W. A.
1990
Discrete filtering using branching and interacting particle systems. Zbl 0967.93088
Crisan, D.; Del Moral, P.; Lyons, T.
1999
Winding of the plane Brownian motion. Zbl 0541.60075
Lyons, T. J.; McKean, H. P.
1984
Convergence of a branching particle method to the solution of the Zakai equation. Zbl 0915.93060
Crisan, Dan; Gaines, Jessica; Lyons, Terry
1998
Finely holomorphic functions. Zbl 0459.46038
Lyons, T. J.
1980
A particle approximation of the solution of the Kushner-Stratonovitch equation. Zbl 0951.93068
Crisan, D.; Lyons, T.
1999
Instability of Liouville property for quasi-isometric Riemannian manifolds and reversible Markov chains. Zbl 0599.60011
Lyons, Terry
1987
Efficient and practical implementations of cubature on Wiener space. Zbl 1221.65009
Gyurkó, Lajos Gergely; Lyons, Terry J.
2011
Extending the Wong-Zakai theorem to reversible Markov processes. Zbl 1010.60070
Bass, R. F.; Hambly, B. M.; Lyons, T. J.
2002
Physical Brownian motion in a magnetic field as a rough path. Zbl 1390.60257
Friz, Peter; Gassiat, Paul; Lyons, Terry
2015
Stochastic area for Brownian motion on the Sierpiński gasket. Zbl 0936.60073
Hambly, B. M.; Lyons, T. J.
1998
High order recombination and an application to cubature on Wiener space. Zbl 1261.65011
Litterer, Christian; Lyons, Terence J.
2012
The signature of a rough path: uniqueness. Zbl 1347.60094
Boedihardjo, Horatio; Geng, Xi; Lyons, Terry; Yang, Danyu
2016
The limits of stochastic integrals of differential forms. Zbl 0969.60078
Lyons, Terry; Stoica, Lucreţiu
1999
Characteristic functions of measures on geometric rough paths. Zbl 1393.60008
Chevyrev, Ilya; Lyons, Terry
2016
Backward stochastic dynamics on a filtered probability space. Zbl 1238.60064
Liang, Gechun; Lyons, Terry; Qian, Zhongmin
2011
Flow of diffeomorphisms induced by a geometric multiplicative functional. Zbl 0918.60009
Lyons, Terry; Qian, Zhongmin
1998
Rough paths, signatures and the modelling of functions on streams. Zbl 1373.93158
Lyons, Terry
2014
Minimal entropy approximations and optimal algorithms. Zbl 1018.65014
Crisan, Dan; Lyons, Terry
2002
Evolving communities with individual preferences. Zbl 1321.60204
Cass, Thomas; Lyons, Terry
2015
On the non-existence of path integrals. Zbl 0745.60051
Lyons, Terry
1991
Smoothness of Itô maps and diffusion processes on path spaces. I. Zbl 1127.60033
Li, Xiang-Dong; Lyons, Terry J.
2006
Lévy’s area under conditioning. Zbl 1099.60054
Friz, P.; Lyons, T.; Stroock, D.
2006
Bases for positive continuous functions. Zbl 0675.30040
Hayman, W. K.; Lyons, T. J.
1990
On the importance of the Lévy area for studying the limits of functions of converging stochastic processes. Application to homogenization. Zbl 1199.60292
Lejay, Antoine; Lyons, Terry
2005
The critical dimension at which quasi-every Brownian path is self- avoiding. Zbl 0609.60087
Lyons, Terry J.
1986
Discretely sampled signals and the rough Hoff process. Zbl 1348.60058
Flint, Guy; Hambly, Ben; Lyons, Terry
2016
A note on tightness of capacities associated with Dirichlet forms. Zbl 0781.60063
Lyons, Terry; Röckner, Michael
1992
Flow equations on spaces of rough paths. Zbl 0890.58090
Lyons, Terry; Qian, Zhongmin
1997
A class of vector fields on path spaces. Zbl 0877.58059
Lyons, T. J.; Qian, Z. M.
1997
Stopping non-commutative processes. Zbl 0585.60058
Barnett, Chris; Lyons, Terry
1986
Convergence of non-symmetric Dirichlet processes. Zbl 0888.31005
Lyons, Terry; Zhang, Tusheng
1996
System control and rough paths. Zbl 1044.93009
Lyons, T. J.
2002
Inverting the signature of a path. Zbl 1429.70012
Lyons, Terry J.; Xu, Weijun
2018
Stochastic Jacobi fields and vector fields induced by varying area on path spaces. Zbl 0903.60008
Lyons, Terry; Qian, Zhongmin
1997
Hyperbolic development and inversion of signature. Zbl 1362.53009
Lyons, Terry J.; Xu, Weijun
2017
A signed measure on rough paths associated to a PDE of high order: results and conjectures. Zbl 1193.60071
Levin, Daniel; Lyons, Terry
2009
Instability of the conservative property under quasi-isometries. Zbl 0747.53034
Lyons, Terry
1991
Dimension-free Euler estimates of rough differential equations. Zbl 1399.60115
Boutaib, Youness; Gyurkó, Lajos Gergely; Lyons, Terry; Yang, Danyu
2014
Interacting particle systems approximations of the Kushner-Stratonovitch equation. Zbl 0947.60040
Crişan, D.; Del Moral, P.; Lyons, T. J.
1999
A synthetic proof of Makarov’s law of the iterated logarithm. Zbl 0708.30033
Lyons, Terry
1990
Diffusion processes with non-smooth diffusion coefficients and their density functions. Zbl 0715.60096
Lyons, T. J.; Zheng, W. A.
1990
Random thoughts on reversible potential theory. Zbl 0757.31007
Lyons, Terry
1992
The geometry of the Brownian curve. Zbl 0778.60058
Duplantier, B.; Lawler, G. F.; Le Gall, J.-F.; Lyons, T. J.
1993
Uncertain volatility and the risk-free synthesis of derivatives. Zbl 1466.91347
Lyons, T. J.
1995
Rough paths based numerical algorithms in computational finance. Zbl 1198.91229
Gyurkó, Lajos Gergely; Lyons, Terry
2010
The interpretation and solution of ordinary differential equations driven by rough signals. Zbl 0827.34049
Lyons, Terry J.
1995
Note on convergence of Dirichlet processes. Zbl 0793.31006
Lyons, T. J.; Zhang, T. S.
1993
On the radius of convergence of the logarithmic signature. Zbl 1103.60060
2006
The best harmonic approximant to a continuous function. Zbl 0541.41024
Hayman, Walter K.; Kershaw, Donald; Lyons, Terry J.
1984
A theorem in fine potential theory and applications to finely holomorphic functions. Zbl 0459.46039
Lyons, T. J.
1980
Cones of lower semicontinuous functions and a characterisation of finely hyperharmonic functions. Zbl 0492.31005
Lyons, Terry J.
1982
Conditional exponential moments for iterated Wiener integrals. Zbl 0961.60053
Lyons, Terry; Zeitouni, Ofer
1999
Systems controlled by rough paths. Zbl 1125.93026
Lyons, Terry
2005
Calculus for multiplicative functionals, Itô’s formula and differential equations. Zbl 0862.60043
Lyons, T. J.; Qian, Z. M.
1996
On Gauss-Green theorem and boundaries of a class of Hölder domains. Zbl 1103.28007
Lyons, Terry J.; Yam, Phillip S. C.
2006
Projection theorems for hitting probabilities and a theorem of Littlewood. Zbl 0566.58036
Lyons, T. J.; MacGibbon, K. B.; Taylor, J. C.
1984
Expected signature of Brownian motion up to the first exit time from a bounded domain. Zbl 1350.60086
Lyons, Terry; Ni, Hao
2015
Kusuoka-Stroock gradient bounds for the solution of the filtering equation. Zbl 1333.60147
Crisan, Dan; Litterer, Christian; Lyons, Terry
2015
Super-multiplicativity and a lower bound for the decay of the signature of a path of finite length. (Supermultiplicativité et une borne inférieure pour la décroissance de la signature d’un chemin de longueur finie.) Zbl 1391.60163
Chang, Jiawei; Lyons, Terry; Ni, Hao
2018
The adaptive patched cubature filter and its implementation. Zbl 1343.60042
Lee, Wonjung; Lyons, Terry
2016
Rough paths on manifolds. Zbl 1280.58023
Cass, Thomas; Litterer, Christian; Lyons, Terry
2012
Introducing cubature to filtering. Zbl 1237.93168
Litterer, C.; Lyons, T.
2011
Cubature on Wiener space continued. Zbl 1187.35299
Litterer, Christian; Lyons, Terry
2007
Jensen measures for R(K). Zbl 0509.31002
Gamelin, T. W.; Lyons, T. J.
1983
Finely harmonic functions need not be quasi-analytic. Zbl 0541.31002
Lyons, Terry
1984
Uniform factorial decay estimates for controlled differential equations. Zbl 1333.60117
Boedihardjo, Horatio; Lyons, Terry; Yang, Danyu
2015
Numerical method for model-free pricing of exotic derivatives in discrete time using rough path signatures. Zbl 1437.91431
Lyons, Terry; Nejad, Sina; Perez Arribas, Imanol
2019
An optimal polynomial approximation of Brownian motion. Zbl 1434.60226
Foster, James; Lyons, Terry; Oberhauser, Harald
2020
Optimal execution with rough path signatures. Zbl 1443.91263
Kalsi, Jasdeep; Lyons, Terry; Arribas, Imanol Perez
2020
Recovering the pathwise Itô solution from averaged Stratonovich solutions. Zbl 1338.60148
Lyons, Terry; Yang, Danyu
2016
A uniform estimate for rough paths. Zbl 1296.60155
Lyons, Terry J.; Xu, Weijun
2013
Kiyoshi Itô (1915–2008). Zbl 1201.60005
Lyons, Terence J.
2010
The partial sum process of orthogonal expansions as geometric rough process with Fourier series as an example – an improvement of Menshov-Rademacher theorem. Zbl 1284.42082
Lyons, Terry J.; Yang, Danyu
2013
Smooth rough paths and applications to Fourier analysis. Zbl 1146.26004
Hara, Keisuke; Lyons, Terry
2007
On the limit of stochastic integrals of differential forms. Zbl 0899.60046
Lyons, Terry; Stoica, Lucreţiu
1996
On boundary conditions for stochastic evolution equations with an extremally chaotic source. Zbl 0869.60054
Albeverio, S.; Lyons, T.; Rozanov, Yu.
1995
Continuity in $$\kappa$$ in $$\mathrm{SLE}_\kappa$$ theory using a constructive method and rough path theory. Zbl 07374667
Beliaev, Dmitry; Lyons, Terry J.; Margarint, Vlad
2021
Corrigendum to: “Super-multiplicativity and a lower bound for the decay of the signature of a path of finite length”. Zbl 1400.60089
Chang, Jiawei; Lyons, Terry; Ni, Hao
2018
Continuity in $$\kappa$$ in $$\mathrm{SLE}_\kappa$$ theory using a constructive method and rough path theory. Zbl 07374667
Beliaev, Dmitry; Lyons, Terry J.; Margarint, Vlad
2021
An optimal polynomial approximation of Brownian motion. Zbl 1434.60226
Foster, James; Lyons, Terry; Oberhauser, Harald
2020
Optimal execution with rough path signatures. Zbl 1443.91263
Kalsi, Jasdeep; Lyons, Terry; Arribas, Imanol Perez
2020
Numerical method for model-free pricing of exotic derivatives in discrete time using rough path signatures. Zbl 1437.91431
Lyons, Terry; Nejad, Sina; Perez Arribas, Imanol
2019
Inverting the signature of a path. Zbl 1429.70012
Lyons, Terry J.; Xu, Weijun
2018
Super-multiplicativity and a lower bound for the decay of the signature of a path of finite length. (Supermultiplicativité et une borne inférieure pour la décroissance de la signature d’un chemin de longueur finie.) Zbl 1391.60163
Chang, Jiawei; Lyons, Terry; Ni, Hao
2018
Corrigendum to: “Super-multiplicativity and a lower bound for the decay of the signature of a path of finite length”. Zbl 1400.60089
Chang, Jiawei; Lyons, Terry; Ni, Hao
2018
Hyperbolic development and inversion of signature. Zbl 1362.53009
Lyons, Terry J.; Xu, Weijun
2017
The signature of a rough path: uniqueness. Zbl 1347.60094
Boedihardjo, Horatio; Geng, Xi; Lyons, Terry; Yang, Danyu
2016
Characteristic functions of measures on geometric rough paths. Zbl 1393.60008
Chevyrev, Ilya; Lyons, Terry
2016
Discretely sampled signals and the rough Hoff process. Zbl 1348.60058
Flint, Guy; Hambly, Ben; Lyons, Terry
2016
The adaptive patched cubature filter and its implementation. Zbl 1343.60042
Lee, Wonjung; Lyons, Terry
2016
Recovering the pathwise Itô solution from averaged Stratonovich solutions. Zbl 1338.60148
Lyons, Terry; Yang, Danyu
2016
Physical Brownian motion in a magnetic field as a rough path. Zbl 1390.60257
Friz, Peter; Gassiat, Paul; Lyons, Terry
2015
Evolving communities with individual preferences. Zbl 1321.60204
Cass, Thomas; Lyons, Terry
2015
Expected signature of Brownian motion up to the first exit time from a bounded domain. Zbl 1350.60086
Lyons, Terry; Ni, Hao
2015
Kusuoka-Stroock gradient bounds for the solution of the filtering equation. Zbl 1333.60147
Crisan, Dan; Litterer, Christian; Lyons, Terry
2015
Uniform factorial decay estimates for controlled differential equations. Zbl 1333.60117
Boedihardjo, Horatio; Lyons, Terry; Yang, Danyu
2015
Rough paths, signatures and the modelling of functions on streams. Zbl 1373.93158
Lyons, Terry
2014
Dimension-free Euler estimates of rough differential equations. Zbl 1399.60115
Boutaib, Youness; Gyurkó, Lajos Gergely; Lyons, Terry; Yang, Danyu
2014
Integrability and tail estimates for Gaussian rough differential equations. Zbl 1278.60091
Cass, Thomas; Litterer, Christian; Lyons, Terry
2013
A uniform estimate for rough paths. Zbl 1296.60155
Lyons, Terry J.; Xu, Weijun
2013
The partial sum process of orthogonal expansions as geometric rough process with Fourier series as an example – an improvement of Menshov-Rademacher theorem. Zbl 1284.42082
Lyons, Terry J.; Yang, Danyu
2013
High order recombination and an application to cubature on Wiener space. Zbl 1261.65011
Litterer, Christian; Lyons, Terence J.
2012
Rough paths on manifolds. Zbl 1280.58023
Cass, Thomas; Litterer, Christian; Lyons, Terry
2012
Efficient and practical implementations of cubature on Wiener space. Zbl 1221.65009
Gyurkó, Lajos Gergely; Lyons, Terry J.
2011
Backward stochastic dynamics on a filtered probability space. Zbl 1238.60064
Liang, Gechun; Lyons, Terry; Qian, Zhongmin
2011
Introducing cubature to filtering. Zbl 1237.93168
Litterer, C.; Lyons, T.
2011
Uniqueness for the signature of a path of bounded variation and the reduced path group. Zbl 1276.58012
Hambly, Ben; Lyons, Terry
2010
Rough paths based numerical algorithms in computational finance. Zbl 1198.91229
Gyurkó, Lajos Gergely; Lyons, Terry
2010
Kiyoshi Itô (1915–2008). Zbl 1201.60005
Lyons, Terence J.
2010
A signed measure on rough paths associated to a PDE of high order: results and conjectures. Zbl 1193.60071
Levin, Daniel; Lyons, Terry
2009
Differential equations driven by rough paths. Ecole d’Eté de Probabilités de Saint-Flour XXXIV – 2004. Lectures given at the 34th probability summer school, July 6–24, 2004. Zbl 1176.60002
Lyons, Terry J.; Caruana, Michael; Lévy, Thierry
2007
An extension theorem to rough paths. Zbl 1134.60047
Lyons, Terry; Victoir, Nicolas
2007
Cubature on Wiener space continued. Zbl 1187.35299
Litterer, Christian; Lyons, Terry
2007
Smooth rough paths and applications to Fourier analysis. Zbl 1146.26004
Hara, Keisuke; Lyons, Terry
2007
Smoothness of Itô maps and diffusion processes on path spaces. I. Zbl 1127.60033
Li, Xiang-Dong; Lyons, Terry J.
2006
Lévy’s area under conditioning. Zbl 1099.60054
Friz, P.; Lyons, T.; Stroock, D.
2006
On the radius of convergence of the logarithmic signature. Zbl 1103.60060
2006
On Gauss-Green theorem and boundaries of a class of Hölder domains. Zbl 1103.28007
Lyons, Terry J.; Yam, Phillip S. C.
2006
On the importance of the Lévy area for studying the limits of functions of converging stochastic processes. Application to homogenization. Zbl 1199.60292
Lejay, Antoine; Lyons, Terry
2005
Systems controlled by rough paths. Zbl 1125.93026
Lyons, Terry
2005
Cubature on Wiener space. Zbl 1055.60049
Lyons, Terry; Victoir, Nicolas
2004
System control and rough paths. Zbl 1029.93001
Lyons, Terry; Qian, Zhongmin
2002
Lévy area of Wiener processes in Banach spaces. Zbl 1016.60071
Ledoux, M.; Lyons, T.; Qian, Z.
2002
Extending the Wong-Zakai theorem to reversible Markov processes. Zbl 1010.60070
Bass, R. F.; Hambly, B. M.; Lyons, T. J.
2002
Minimal entropy approximations and optimal algorithms. Zbl 1018.65014
Crisan, Dan; Lyons, Terry
2002
System control and rough paths. Zbl 1044.93009
Lyons, T. J.
2002
Discrete filtering using branching and interacting particle systems. Zbl 0967.93088
Crisan, D.; Del Moral, P.; Lyons, T.
1999
A particle approximation of the solution of the Kushner-Stratonovitch equation. Zbl 0951.93068
Crisan, D.; Lyons, T.
1999
The limits of stochastic integrals of differential forms. Zbl 0969.60078
Lyons, Terry; Stoica, Lucreţiu
1999
Interacting particle systems approximations of the Kushner-Stratonovitch equation. Zbl 0947.60040
Crişan, D.; Del Moral, P.; Lyons, T. J.
1999
Conditional exponential moments for iterated Wiener integrals. Zbl 0961.60053
Lyons, Terry; Zeitouni, Ofer
1999
Differential equations driven by rough signals. Zbl 0923.34056
Lyons, Terry J.
1998
Integrability of functionals of Dirichlet processes, probabilistic representations of semigroups, and estimates of heat kernels. Zbl 0914.60045
Lunt, John; Lyons, T. J.; Zhang, T. S.
1998
Convergence of a branching particle method to the solution of the Zakai equation. Zbl 0915.93060
Crisan, Dan; Gaines, Jessica; Lyons, Terry
1998
Stochastic area for Brownian motion on the Sierpiński gasket. Zbl 0936.60073
Hambly, B. M.; Lyons, T. J.
1998
Flow of diffeomorphisms induced by a geometric multiplicative functional. Zbl 0918.60009
Lyons, Terry; Qian, Zhongmin
1998
Variable step size control in the numerical solution of stochastic differential equations. Zbl 0888.60046
Gaines, J. G.; Lyons, T. J.
1997
Nonlinear filtering and measure-valued processes. Zbl 0888.93056
Crisan, Dan; Lyons, Terry
1997
Flow equations on spaces of rough paths. Zbl 0890.58090
Lyons, Terry; Qian, Zhongmin
1997
A class of vector fields on path spaces. Zbl 0877.58059
Lyons, T. J.; Qian, Z. M.
1997
Stochastic Jacobi fields and vector fields induced by varying area on path spaces. Zbl 0903.60008
Lyons, Terry; Qian, Zhongmin
1997
Convergence of non-symmetric Dirichlet processes. Zbl 0888.31005
Lyons, Terry; Zhang, Tusheng
1996
Calculus for multiplicative functionals, Itô’s formula and differential equations. Zbl 0862.60043
Lyons, T. J.; Qian, Z. M.
1996
On the limit of stochastic integrals of differential forms. Zbl 0899.60046
Lyons, Terry; Stoica, Lucreţiu
1996
Uncertain volatility and the risk-free synthesis of derivatives. Zbl 1466.91347
Lyons, T. J.
1995
The interpretation and solution of ordinary differential equations driven by rough signals. Zbl 0827.34049
Lyons, Terry J.
1995
On boundary conditions for stochastic evolution equations with an extremally chaotic source. Zbl 0869.60054
Albeverio, S.; Lyons, T.; Rozanov, Yu.
1995
Differential equations driven by rough signals. I: An extension of an inequality of L. C. Young. Zbl 0835.34004
Lyons, Terry
1994
Decomposition of Dirichlet processes and its applications. Zbl 0804.60044
Lyons, T. J.; Zhang, T. S.
1994
Random generation of stochastic area integrals. Zbl 0805.60052
Gaines, J. G.; Lyons, T. J.
1994
The geometry of the Brownian curve. Zbl 0778.60058
Duplantier, B.; Lawler, G. F.; Le Gall, J.-F.; Lyons, T. J.
1993
Note on convergence of Dirichlet processes. Zbl 0793.31006
Lyons, T. J.; Zhang, T. S.
1993
A note on tightness of capacities associated with Dirichlet forms. Zbl 0781.60063
Lyons, Terry; Röckner, Michael
1992
Random thoughts on reversible potential theory. Zbl 0757.31007
Lyons, Terry
1992
On the non-existence of path integrals. Zbl 0745.60051
Lyons, Terry
1991
Instability of the conservative property under quasi-isometries. Zbl 0747.53034
Lyons, Terry
1991
On conditional diffusion processes. Zbl 0715.60097
Lyons, T. J.; Zheng, W. A.
1990
Bases for positive continuous functions. Zbl 0675.30040
Hayman, W. K.; Lyons, T. J.
1990
A synthetic proof of Makarov’s law of the iterated logarithm. Zbl 0708.30033
Lyons, Terry
1990
Diffusion processes with non-smooth diffusion coefficients and their density functions. Zbl 0715.60096
Lyons, T. J.; Zheng, W. A.
1990
A crossing estimate for the canonical process on a Dirichlet space and a tightness result. Zbl 0654.60059
Lyons, Terence J.; Zheng, Weian
1988
Instability of Liouville property for quasi-isometric Riemannian manifolds and reversible Markov chains. Zbl 0599.60011
Lyons, Terry
1987
The critical dimension at which quasi-every Brownian path is self- avoiding. Zbl 0609.60087
Lyons, Terry J.
1986
Stopping non-commutative processes. Zbl 0585.60058
Barnett, Chris; Lyons, Terry
1986
Function theory, random paths and covering spaces. Zbl 0554.58022
Lyons, Terry; Sullivan, Dennis
1984
Winding of the plane Brownian motion. Zbl 0541.60075
Lyons, T. J.; McKean, H. P.
1984
The best harmonic approximant to a continuous function. Zbl 0541.41024
Hayman, Walter K.; Kershaw, Donald; Lyons, Terry J.
1984
Projection theorems for hitting probabilities and a theorem of Littlewood. Zbl 0566.58036
Lyons, T. J.; MacGibbon, K. B.; Taylor, J. C.
1984
Finely harmonic functions need not be quasi-analytic. Zbl 0541.31002
Lyons, Terry
1984
A simple criterion for transience of a reversible Markov chain. Zbl 0509.60067
Lyons, Terry
1983
Jensen measures for R(K). Zbl 0509.31002
Gamelin, T. W.; Lyons, T. J.
1983
Cones of lower semicontinuous functions and a characterisation of finely hyperharmonic functions. Zbl 0492.31005
Lyons, Terry J.
1982
Finely holomorphic functions. Zbl 0459.46038
Lyons, T. J.
1980
A theorem in fine potential theory and applications to finely holomorphic functions. Zbl 0459.46039
Lyons, T. J.
1980
all top 5
### Cited by 993 Authors
50 Friz, Peter Karl 32 Lyons, Terence John 29 Tindel, Samy 23 Hairer, Martin 20 Gubinelli, Massimiliano 19 Nualart, David 19 Qian, Zhongmin M. 19 Zhang, Tusheng S. 17 Crisan, Dan O. 16 Bailleul, Ismaël F. 15 Inahama, Yuzuru 15 Lejay, Antoine 14 Cass, Thomas Richard 14 Hu, Yaozhong 13 Oberhauser, Harald 13 Russo, Francesco 12 Geng, Xi 12 Riedel, Sebastian 12 Victoir, Nicolas B. 11 Boedihardjo, Horatio 11 Deya, Aurélien 11 Diehl, Joscha 11 Röckner, Michael 10 Müller-Gronbach, Thomas 10 Ouyang, Cheng 10 Teichmann, Josef 10 Yamada, Toshihiro 9 Baudoin, Fabrice 9 Coutin, Laure 9 Prömel, David J. 8 Aida, Shigeki 8 Bayer, Christian 8 Chevyrev, Ilya 8 Fan, Xiliang 8 Litterer, Christian 8 Neuenkirch, Andreas 8 Unterberger, Jérémie M. 8 Zheng, Weian 7 Chen, Zhen-Qing 7 Garrido-Atienza, María José 7 Melbourne, Ian 7 Perkowski, Nicolas 7 Rovira, Carles 7 Xiong, Jie 7 Yaroslavtseva, Larisa 6 Catellier, Rémi 6 Del Moral, Pierre 6 Duc, Luu Hoang 6 Fuglede, Bent 6 Hofmanová, Martina 6 Mazzucchi, Sonia 6 Nilssen, Torstein K. 6 Nourdin, Ivan 6 Ritter, Klaus 6 Zhu, RongChan 5 Albeverio, Sergio A. 5 Besalú, Mireia 5 Beznea, Lucian 5 Brault, Antoine 5 Bruned, Yvain 5 Ebrahimi-Fard, Kurusch 5 Fitzsimmons, Patrick J. 5 Gardiner, Stephen J. 5 Gess, Benjamin 5 Harang, Fabian Andsem 5 Hinz, Michael 5 Ito, Yu 5 Kubilius, Kȩstutis 5 Kuwae, Kazuhiro 5 Liu, Chong 5 Rößler, Andreas 5 Schmalfuß, Björn 5 Tudor, Ciprian A. 5 Weber, Hendrik 5 Yang, Xue 4 Burrage, Kevin 4 da Silva, José Luís 4 Delarue, François 4 Franchi, Jacques 4 Gassiat, Paul 4 Hong, Phan Thanh 4 Kouritzin, Michael A. 4 Kuznetsov, Dmitriĭ Feliksovich 4 Le Jan, Yves 4 León, Jorge A. 4 Liu, Yanghui 4 Manolarakis, Konstantinos 4 Marie, Nicolas 4 Ni, Hao 4 Papavasiliou, Anastasia 4 Peres, Yuval 4 Tapia, Nikolas 4 Vas’kovskiĭ, Maksim Mikhaĭlovich 4 Yang, Danyu 4 Zähle, Martina 4 Zhang, Huilin 4 Zhu, Xiang-Chan 3 Amaba, Takafumi 3 Ancona, Alano 3 Bock, Wolfgang ...and 893 more Authors
all top 5
### Cited in 229 Serials
87 Stochastic Processes and their Applications 62 The Annals of Probability 53 Journal of Functional Analysis 31 The Annals of Applied Probability 29 Probability Theory and Related Fields 27 Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré. Probabilités et Statistiques 26 Journal of Differential Equations 21 Potential Analysis 17 Stochastic Analysis and Applications 16 Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 15 Journal of Theoretical Probability 15 Electronic Journal of Probability 15 Bernoulli 14 Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 14 Stochastics and Dynamics 13 Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 12 Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 12 Stochastics 11 Stochastic and Partial Differential Equations. Analysis and Computations 10 Bulletin des Sciences Mathématiques 9 Numerical Algorithms 8 Statistics & Probability Letters 8 European Series in Applied and Industrial Mathematics (ESAIM): Probability and Statistics 7 Lithuanian Mathematical Journal 7 Annales de l’Institut Fourier 7 Journal of the Mathematical Society of Japan 7 Journal of Evolution Equations 7 Quantitative Finance 7 Comptes Rendus. Mathématique. Académie des Sciences, Paris 6 Communications in Mathematical Physics 6 The Annals of Statistics 6 Journal of Complexity 6 Revista Matemática Iberoamericana 6 Annales de la Faculté des Sciences de Toulouse. Mathématiques. Série VI 6 Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. Series B 5 Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics 5 Advances in Mathematics 5 Applied Mathematics and Optimization 5 Journal of Applied Probability 5 Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society. Series II 5 SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis 5 Acta Applicandae Mathematicae 5 Applied Numerical Mathematics 5 Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica. English Series 5 Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations 5 Finance and Stochastics 5 Infinite Dimensional Analysis, Quantum Probability and Related Topics 5 SIAM Journal on Financial Mathematics 4 Journal of Statistical Physics 4 Mathematics of Computation 4 BIT 4 Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré. Analyse Non Linéaire 4 Physica D 4 Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série 4 Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. New Series 4 Monte Carlo Methods and Applications 4 Applied Mathematical Finance 4 Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems 4 Acta Mathematica Sinica. English Series 4 Annales Henri Poincaré 4 Differential Equations 4 Differentsial’nye Uravneniya i Protsessy Upravleniya 4 ALEA. Latin American Journal of Probability and Mathematical Statistics 4 Science China. Mathematics 4 International Journal of Stochastic Analysis 4 Forum of Mathematics, Sigma 3 Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis 3 International Journal of Control 3 Journal of Mathematical Physics 3 Nonlinearity 3 Arkiv för Matematik 3 Inventiones Mathematicae 3 Osaka Journal of Mathematics 3 SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization 3 Journal of Scientific Computing 3 Forum Mathematicum 3 Communications in Partial Differential Equations 3 SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis 3 Annals of Mathematics. Second Series 3 Journal of Dynamical and Control Systems 3 Oberwolfach Reports 3 Forum of Mathematics, Pi 2 Advances in Applied Probability 2 Israel Journal of Mathematics 2 Journal of Computational Physics 2 Annales Scientifiques de l’École Normale Supérieure. Quatrième Série 2 Collectanea Mathematica 2 Duke Mathematical Journal 2 Mathematische Annalen 2 Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 2 Mathematische Nachrichten 2 Nagoya Mathematical Journal 2 Nonlinear Analysis. Theory, Methods & Applications. Series A: Theory and Methods 2 Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society. Third Series 2 Tôhoku Mathematical Journal. Second Series 2 Statistical Science 2 Science in China. Series A 2 Japan Journal of Industrial and Applied Mathematics 2 Aequationes Mathematicae 2 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section A. Mathematics ...and 129 more Serials
all top 5
### Cited in 54 Fields
809 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 188 Numerical analysis (65-XX) 134 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 106 Ordinary differential equations (34-XX) 68 Potential theory (31-XX) 64 Systems theory; control (93-XX) 59 Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences (91-XX) 54 Statistics (62-XX) 47 Global analysis, analysis on manifolds (58-XX) 44 Dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-XX) 42 Real functions (26-XX) 42 Operator theory (47-XX) 40 Statistical mechanics, structure of matter (82-XX) 37 Functional analysis (46-XX) 23 Functions of a complex variable (30-XX) 22 Quantum theory (81-XX) 19 Measure and integration (28-XX) 17 Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization (49-XX) 15 Combinatorics (05-XX) 15 Differential geometry (53-XX) 14 Approximations and expansions (41-XX) 13 Associative rings and algebras (16-XX) 13 Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces (42-XX) 11 Fluid mechanics (76-XX) 10 Computer science (68-XX) 9 Nonassociative rings and algebras (17-XX) 8 Integral equations (45-XX) 6 Topological groups, Lie groups (22-XX) 6 Biology and other natural sciences (92-XX) 5 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 5 Algebraic geometry (14-XX) 5 Information and communication theory, circuits (94-XX) 4 Algebraic topology (55-XX) 4 Operations research, mathematical programming (90-XX) 3 Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory (15-XX) 3 Group theory and generalizations (20-XX) 3 Several complex variables and analytic spaces (32-XX) 3 Geometry (51-XX) 3 General topology (54-XX) 2 Number theory (11-XX) 2 Commutative algebra (13-XX) 2 Special functions (33-XX) 2 Mechanics of particles and systems (70-XX) 2 Relativity and gravitational theory (83-XX) 1 History and biography (01-XX) 1 Category theory; homological algebra (18-XX) 1 Difference and functional equations (39-XX) 1 Abstract harmonic analysis (43-XX) 1 Integral transforms, operational calculus (44-XX) 1 Convex and discrete geometry (52-XX) 1 Mechanics of deformable solids (74-XX) 1 Optics, electromagnetic theory (78-XX) 1 Astronomy and astrophysics (85-XX) 1 Geophysics (86-XX)
### Wikidata Timeline
The data are displayed as stored in Wikidata under a Creative Commons CC0 License. Updates and corrections should be made in Wikidata.
| 2022-08-09T17:47:29 |
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https://control.com/textbook/continuous-fluid-flow-measurement/change-of-quantity-flow-measurement/
|
Change-of-quantity Flow Measurement
Chapter 22 - Introduction to Continuous Fluid Flow Measurement
Flow, by definition, is the passage of material from one location to another over time. So far this chapter has explored technologies for measuring flow rate en route from source to destination. However, a completely different method exists for measuring flow rates: measuring how much material has either departed or arrived at the terminal locations over time.
Mathematically, we may express flow as a ratio of quantity to time. Whether it is volumetric flow or mass flow we are referring to, the concept is the same: quantity of material moved per quantity of time. We may express average flow rates as ratios of changes:
$\overline{W} = {\Delta m \over \Delta t} \hskip 50pt \overline{Q} = {\Delta V \over \Delta t}$
Where,
$$\overline{W}$$ = Average mass flow rate
$$\overline{Q}$$ = Average volumetric flow rate
$$\Delta m$$ = Change in mass
$$\Delta V$$ = Change in volume
$$\Delta t$$ = Change in time
Suppose a water storage vessel is equipped with load cells to precisely measure weight (which is directly proportional to mass with constant gravity). Assuming only one pipe entering or exiting the vessel, any flow of water through that pipe will result in the vessel’s total weight changing over time:
If the measured mass of this vessel decreased from 74688 kilograms to 70100 kilograms between 4:05 AM and 4:07 AM, we could say that the average mass flow rate of water leaving the vessel is 2294 kilograms per minute over that time span.
$\overline{W} = {\Delta m \over \Delta t} = {70100 \hbox{ kg} - 74688 \hbox{ kg} \over \hbox{4:07} - \hbox{4:05}} = {-4588 \hbox{ kg} \over 2 \hbox{ min}} = -2294 {\hbox{kg} \over \hbox{min}}$
Note that this average flow measurement may be determined without any flowmeter of any kind installed in the pipe to intercept the water flow. All the concerns of flowmeters studied thus far (turbulence, Reynolds number, fluid properties, etc.) are completely irrelevant. We may measure practically any flow rate we desire simply by measuring stored weight (or volume) over time. A computer may do this calculation automatically for us if we wish, on practically any time scale desired.
Now suppose the practice of determining average flow rates every two minutes was considered too infrequent. Imagine that operations personnel require flow data calculated and displayed more often than just 30 times an hour. All we must do to achieve better time resolution is take weight (mass) measurements more often. Of course, each mass-change interval will be expected to be less with more frequent measurements, but the amount of time we divide by in each calculation will be proportionally smaller as well. If the flow rate happens to be absolutely steady, we may sample mass as frequently as we might like and we will still arrive at the same flow rate value as before (sampling mass just once every two minutes). If, however, the flow rate is not steady, sampling more often will allow us to better see the immediate “ups” and “downs” of flow behavior.
Imagine now that we had our hypothetical “flow computer” take weight (mass) measurements at an infinitely fast pace: an infinite number of samples per second. Now, we are no longer averaging flow rates over finite periods of time; instead we would be calculating instantaneous flow rate at any given point in time.
Calculus has a special form of symbology to represent such hypothetical scenarios: we replace the Greek letter “delta” ($$\Delta$$, meaning “change”) with the roman letter “d” (meaning differential). A simple way of picturing the meaning of “d” is to think of it as meaning an infinitesimal change in whatever variable follows the “d” in the equation. When we set up two differentials in a quotient, we call the $$d \over d$$ fraction a derivative. Re-writing our average flow rate equations in derivative (calculus) form:
$W = {dm \over dt} \hskip 50pt Q = {dV \over dt}$
Where,
$$W$$ = Instantaneous mass flow rate
$$Q$$ = Instantaneous volumetric flow rate
$$dm$$ = Infinitesimal (infinitely small) change in mass
$$dV$$ = Infinitesimal (infinitely small) change in volume
$$dt$$ = Infinitesimal (infinitely small) change in time
We need not dream of hypothetical computers capable of infinite calculations per second in order to derive a flow measurement from a mass (or volume) measurement. Analog electronic circuitry exploits the natural properties of resistors and capacitors to essentially do this very thing in real time:
In the vast majority of applications you will see digital computers used to calculate average flow rates rather than analog electronic circuits calculating instantaneous flow rates. The broad capabilities of digital computers virtually ensures they will be used somewhere in the measurement/control system, so the rationale is to use the existing digital computer to calculate flow rates (albeit imperfectly) rather than complicate the system design with additional (analog) circuitry. As fast as modern digital computers are able to process simple calculations such as these anyway, there is little practical reason to prefer analog signal differentiation except in specialized applications where high speed performance is paramount.
Perhaps the single greatest disadvantage to inferring flow rate by differentiating mass or volume measurements over time is the requirement that the storage vessel have only one flow path in and out. If the vessel has multiple paths for liquid to move in and out (simultaneously), any flow rate calculated on change-in-quantity will be a net flow rate only. It is impossible to use this flow measurement technique to measure one flow out of multiple flows common to one liquid storage vessel.
A simple “thought experiment” confirms this fact. Imagine a water storage vessel receiving a flow rate in at 200 gallons per minute. Next, imagine that same vessel emptying water out of a second pipe at the exact same flow rate: 200 gallons per minute. With the exact same flow rate both entering and exiting the vessel, the water level in the vessel will remain constant. Any change-of-quantity flow measurement system would register zero change in mass or volume over time, consequently calculating a flow rate of absolutely zero. Truly, the net flow rate for this vessel is zero, but this tells us nothing about the flow in each pipe, except that those flow rates are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
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Published under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License
| 2020-04-08T09:05:05 |
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https://gssc.esa.int/navipedia/index.php/GLONASS_Satellite_Coordinates_Computation
|
If you wish to contribute or participate in the discussions about articles you are invited to join Navipedia as a registered user
# GLONASS Satellite Coordinates Computation
Fundamentals
Title GLONASS Satellite Coordinates Computation
Author(s) J. Sanz Subirana, J.M. Juan Zornoza and M. Hernández-Pajares, Technical University of Catalonia, Spain.
Level Intermediate
Year of Publication 2011
The GLONASS satellite coordinates shall be computed according to the specifications in the GLONASS-ICD document. An accuracy level of about three meters can be reached using the algorithm provided by this ICD.
In table 1 are listed the broadcast ephemeris parameters which are used to compute GLONASS satellites coordinates. Essentially, the ephemeris contain the initial conditions of position and velocity to perform the numerical integration of the GLONASS orbit within the interval of measurement $|t - t_e| \lt 15$ minutes. The accelerations due solar and lunar gravitational perturbations are also given.
Table 1: GLONASS broadcast ephemeris and clock message parameters.
In order to compute PZ-90 GLONASS satellite coordinates from the navigation message, the following algorithm must be used [GLONASS ICD, 1998] [1].
## Computation equations and algorithm
• 1. Coordinates transformation to an inertial reference frame:
- The initial conditions $(x(t_e),y(t_e),z(t_e),v_x(t_e),v_y(t_e),v_z(t_e))$, as broadcast in the GLONASS navigation message, are in the ECEF Greenwich coordinate system PZ-90. Therefore, and previous to orbit integration, they must be transformed to an absolute (inertial) coordinate system using the following expressions [footnotes 1]:
Position:
$\begin{array}{l} x_a(t_e)=x(t_e) \cos(\theta_{G_e}) - y(t_e) \sin (\theta_{G_e}) \\ y_a(t_e)=x(t_e) \sin(\theta_{G_e}) + y(t_e) \cos(\theta_{G_e}) \\ z_a(t_e)=z(t_e) \\ \end{array} \qquad \mbox{(1)}$
Velocity:
$\begin{array}{l} v_{x_a}(t_e)=v_x(t_e) \cos(\theta_{G_e}) - v_y(t_e) \sin (\theta_{G_e})- \omega_E \; y_a(t_e) \\ v_{y_a}(t_e)=v_x(t_e) \sin(\theta_{G_e}) + v_y(t_e) \cos(\theta_{G_e})+\omega_E \; x_a(t_e) \\ v_{z_a}(t_e)=v_z(t_e) \\ \end{array} \qquad \mbox{(2)}$
- The $\left( X''(t_e),Y''(t_e),Z''(t_e) \right)$ acceleration components broadcast in the navigation message are the projections of luni-solar accelerations to axes of the ECEF Greenwich coordinate system. Thence, these accelerations must be transformed to the inertial system by:
$\begin{array}{l} (Jx_am+Jx_as)=X''(t_e) \cos(\theta_{G_e}) -Y''(t_e) \sin(\theta_{G_e})\\ (Jx_am+Jx_as)=X''(t_e) \sin(\theta_{G_e}) +Y''(t_e) \cos(\theta_{G_e})\\ (Jx_am+Jx_as)=Z''(t_e)\\ \end{array} \qquad \mbox{(3)}$
Where $(\theta_{G_e})$ is the sidereal time at epoch $t_e$, to which are referred the initial conditions, in Greenwich meridian:
$\theta_{G_e}= \theta_{G_0} + \omega_E (t_e-3\, hours) \qquad \mbox{(4)}$
being:
- $\omega_E$: earth's rotation rate ($0.7292115\, 10^{-4}\; rad/s$)).
- $\theta_{G_0}$: the sidereal time in Greenwich at midnight GMT of a date at which the epoch $t_e$ is specified. (Notice: GLONASS_time = UTC(SU) + $3$ hours).
• 2. Numerical integration of differential equations that describe the motion of the satellites.
According to GLONASS-ICD, the re-calculation of ephemeris from epoch $t_e$ to epoch $t_i$ within the measurement interval ($|t_i-t_e|\lt 15 min$) shall be performed by a numerical integration of the differential equations (5) describing the motion of the satellites. These equations shall be integrated in a direct absolute geocentric coordinate system OXa, OYa, OZa, connected with current equator and vernal equinox, using the 4th order Runge-Kutta technique:
$\left\{ \begin{array}{l} \frac{dx_a}{dt}=v_{x_a}(t)\\ \frac{dy_a}{dt}=v_{y_a}(t)\\ \frac{dz_a}{dt}=v_{z_a}(t)\\ \frac{dv_{x_a}}{dt}=-\bar{\mu} \bar{x}_a +\frac{3}{2}C_{20}\bar{\mu} \bar{x}_a \rho^2(1-5 \bar{z}_a^2)+ Jx_am+Jx_as\\ \frac{dv_{y_a}}{dt}=-\bar{\mu} \bar{y}_a +\frac{3}{2}C_{20}\bar{\mu} \bar{y}_a \rho^2(1-5 \bar{z}_a^2)+ Jx_am+Jx_as\\ \frac{dv_{z_a}}{dt}=-\bar{\mu} \bar{z}_a +\frac{3}{2}C_{20}\bar{\mu} \bar{z}_a \rho^2(3-5 \bar{z}_a^2)+ Jx_am+Jx_as\\ \end{array} \qquad \mbox{(5)} \right .$
where:
$\bar{\mu}=\frac{\mu}{r^2}$,$\bar{x_a}=\frac{x_a}{r}$, $\bar{y_a}=\frac{y_a}{r}$, $\bar{z_a}=\frac{x_a}{r}$, $\bar{\rho}=\frac{a_E}{r}$, $r=\sqrt{x_a^2+y_a^2+z_a^2}$
$a_E= 6\,378.136\; km$ Equatorial radius of the Earth (PZ-90).
$\mu= 398\,600.44\; km^3/s^2$ Gravitational constant (PZ-90).
$C_{20}=-1\,082.63\cdot 10^{-6}$ Second zonal coefficient of spherical harmonic expression.
Note: In the above differential equations system (5), the term $C_{20}=-J_2=+\sqrt{5}\bar{C}_{20}$ is used instead of $J_2$ in equations $V(r,\phi,\lambda)=\frac{\mu}{r}\left[1+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a_e}{r}\right)^2 J_2\;\;(1-3\sin^2 \phi) \right]$ and $\mathbb{\mathbf {\ddot r}}=\nabla V+\mathbb{\mathbf k}_{sun\_moon}$ to keep the same expressions as in the GLONASS-ICD (please refer to Perturbed Motion and GNSS Broadcast Orbits)
The right-hand side of the previous equation system (5) takes into account the accelerations determined by the central body gravitational constant $\mu$, the second zonal coefficient $C_{20}$ (that characterises polar flattening of the Earth), and the accelerations due to the luni-solar gravitational perturbation.
Runge-Kutta integration algorithm
• Given the following initial value problem:
$\left\{ \begin{array}{c} \frac{dy_1}{dt}=f_1(t,y_1,\cdots,y_n)\\ \vdots\\ \frac{dy_n}{dt}=f_1(t,y_1,\cdots,y_n)\\ \end{array} \right . \Longleftrightarrow \mathbb{\mathbf Y}'(t)=\mathbb{\mathbf F}(t,\mathbb{\mathbf Y}(t)) \qquad \mbox{(6)}$
$\mathbb{\mathbf Y}(t_0)=[y_1(t_0), \cdots, y_n(t_0)]^T$, $\mathbb{\mathbf Y'}(t_0)=[y'_1(t_0), \cdots, y'_n(t_0)]^T$
It is desired to find the $\mathbb{\mathbf Y}(t_f)$ at some final time $t_f$, or $\mathbb{\mathbf Y}(t_k)$ at some discrete list of points $t_k$ (for example, at tabulated intervals).
• The Runge-Kutta method is based in the following algorithm:
$\begin{array}{l} \mathbb{\mathbf K}_1= \mathbb{\mathbf F}(t_n,\mathbb{\mathbf Y}_n)\\ \mathbb{\mathbf K}_2= \mathbb{\mathbf F}(t_n+h/2,\mathbb{\mathbf Y}_n+h \mathbb{\mathbf K}_1/2)\\ \mathbb{\mathbf K}_3= \mathbb{\mathbf F}(t_n+h/2,\mathbb{\mathbf Y}_n+h \mathbb{\mathbf K}_2/2)\\ \mathbb{\mathbf K}_4= \mathbb{\mathbf F}(t_n+h,\mathbb{\mathbf Y}_n+h \mathbb{\mathbf K}_3)\\ \mathbb{\mathbf Y}_{n+1}=\mathbb{\mathbf Y}_n+h/6(\mathbb{\mathbf K}_1+2\mathbb{\mathbf K}_2+2\mathbb{\mathbf K}_3+\mathbb{\mathbf K}_4+ O(h^5)\\ \end{array} \qquad \mbox{(7)}$
The method is initialised with the initial conditions $\mathbb{\mathbf Y}(t_0)$ and $\mathbb{\mathbf Y}'(t_0)$. For the numerical integration of GLONASS satellite orbits, the function $\mathbb{\mathbf F}(t,\mathbb{\mathbf Y})$ is given by (7).
• 3. Coordinates transformation back to the PZ-90 reference system:
The coordinates $(x(t), y(t), z(t))$, obtained from the motion equations numerical integration, shall be transformed back to the Earth fixed reference frame PZ-90 with the following equations:
$\begin{array}{l} x(t)= x_a(t) cos(\theta_G) + y_a(t) sin (\theta_G)\\ y(t)=- x_a(t) sin(\theta_G) + y_a(t) cos(\theta_G)\\ z(t)= z_a(t) \\ \end{array} \qquad \mbox{(8)}$
where $\theta_G$ is the sidereal time at Greenwich meridian at time $t$, where $t$ is in GLONASS time, see equation (4) :
$\theta_G= \theta_{G_0} + \omega_E (t - 3~hours) \qquad \mbox{(9)}$
$GLONASS\_time= UTC(SU)-3~hours \qquad \mbox{(10)}$
Note that GLONASS satellite coordinates are computed in PZ-90 reference system, instead of WGS-84 where the GPS coordinates have been calculated. To bring the PZ-90 coordinate system in coincidence with WGS-84 the transformation given by equation (11) must be applied (see Reference Frames in GNSS):
$\left [ \begin{array}{c} x'\\ y'\\ z'\\ \end{array} \right ] = \left [ \begin{array}{c} x\\ y\\ z\\ \end{array} \right ] + \left [ \begin{array}{ccc} -3\,ppb & -353\,mas & -4\,mas\\ 353\,mas & -3\,ppb & 19\,mas\\ 4\,mas & -19\,mas & -3\,ppb\\ \end{array} \right ] \left [ \begin{array}{c} x\\ y\\ z\\ \end{array} \right ] + \left [ \begin{array}{c} 0.07\,m\\ -0.0\,m\\ -0.77\,m\\ \end{array} \right ] \qquad \mbox{(11)}$
The transformation from PZ-90.02 to WGS-84 (actually ITRF2000) is given by $\Delta x= -0.36\,m$, $\Delta y= +0.08\, m$, $\Delta z= +0.18\, m$, with no rotation, i.e., equation (12)[footnotes 2]:
$\left [ \begin{array}{c} x\\ y\\ z\\ \end{array} \right ]_{ITRF2000} = \left [ \begin{array}{c} x\\ y\\ z\\ \end{array} \right ]_{PZ-90.02} + \left [ \begin{array}{r} -0.36\,m\\ 0.08 \,m\\ 0.18 \,m\\ \end{array} \right ] \qquad \mbox{(12)}$
## References
1. ^ [GLONASS ICD, 1998] GLONASS ICD, 1998. Technical report. v.4.0.
## Notes
1. ^ Note: Over a small integration intervals, a simple rotation of $\theta_{G_e}$ angle around Z-axis is enough to perform this transformation. Nutation and precession of the earth and polar motion are a very slow processes and will not introduce significant deviations on such short integration time intervals (see Transformation between Celestial and Terrestrial Frames).
2. ^ The PZ-90.02 was implemented in September 20th, 2007 at 18:00. (refer to Reference Frames in GNSS).
| 2019-02-18T23:34:09 |
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https://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/pmd/section2/pmd215.htm
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4. Process Modeling
4.2. Underlying Assumptions for Process Modeling
4.2.1. What are the typical underlying assumptions in process modeling?
## The data are randomly sampled from the process.
Data Must Reflect the Process Since the random variation inherent in the process is critical to obtaining satisfactory results from most modeling methods, it is important that the data reflect that random variation in a representative way. Because of the nearly infinite number of ways non-representative sampling might be done, however, few, if any, statistical methods would ever be able to correct for the effects that would have on the data. Instead, these methods rely on the assumption that the data will be representative of the process. This means that if the variation in the data is not representative of the process, the nature of the deterministic part of the model, described by the function, $$f(\vec{x};\vec{\beta})$$, will be incorrect. This, in turn, is likely to lead to incorrect conclusions being drawn when the model is used to answer scientific or engineering questions about the process.
Data Best Reflects the Process Via Unbiased Sampling Given that we can never determine what the actual random errors in a particular data set are, representative samples of data are best obtained by randomly sampling data from the process. In a simple random sample, every response from the population(s) being sampled has an equal chance of being observed. As a result, while it cannot guarantee that each sample will be representative of the process, random sampling does ensure that the act of data collection does not leave behind any biases in the data, on average. This means that most of the time, over repeated samples, the data will be representative of the process. In addition, under random sampling, probability theory can be used to quantify how often particular modeling procedures will be affected by relatively extreme variations in the data, allowing us to control the error rates experienced when answering questions about the process.
This Assumption Relatively Controllable Obtaining data is of course something that is actually done by the analyst rather than being a feature of the process itself. This gives the analyst some ability to ensure that this assumption will be valid. Paying careful attention to data collection procedures and employing experimental design principles like randomization of the run order will yield a sample of data that is as close as possible to being perfectly randomly sampled from the process. Section 4.3.3 has additional discussion of some of the principles of good experimental design.
| 2018-05-23T12:35:58 |
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https://firas.moosvi.com/oer/physics_bank/content/public/019.Magnetism/The%20Hall%20Effect/Copper%20in%20a%20Magnetic%20Field/cu_in_magnetic_field.html
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# #
A strip of copper is placed in a uniform magnetic field of magnitude $${{params.B}}\textrm{ T}$$. The Hall electric field is measured to be $${{params.E}} \times 10^{-3}\textrm{ V/m}$$.
## Part 1#
What is the drift speed of the conduction electrons?
### Answer Section#
Please enter a numeric value.
## Part 2#
Assuming that $$n = {{params.n}} \times 10^{28}$$ electrons per cubic meter and that the cross-sectional area of the strip is $${{params.A}} \times 10^{-6} \rm\ { m^{2}}$$, calculate the current in the strip.
### Answer Section#
Please enter a numeric value.
## Attribution#
Problem is licensed under the CC-BY-NC-SA 4.0 license.
| 2023-03-30T16:59:56 |
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https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2019/dec/long-term-growth-in-china.html
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# Bulletin – December 2019 Global Economy Long-term Growth in China
## Abstract
Slowing trend growth in China, and the risks around this trajectory, are relevant to the future economic prospects of its major trading partners, including Australia. This article provides a long-term perspective on growth in China, beginning with a review of historical trends. It then examines the drivers of growth since reforms were introduced in the late 1970s and how these drivers are affecting the growth outlook. The article concludes that a range of structural headwinds will constrain growth in the coming decade, posing challenges for policymakers.
## Introduction
China is Australia's largest trading partner, and it is likely to remain so for the foreseeable future. In both values and volumes, trade with China has eclipsed Australia's other major trading partners since the late 2000s (Graph 1). The trade relationship with China has also broadened over time. While bilateral trade continues to be dominated by Australian exports of resources, such as iron ore, coal and liquefied natural gas, exports of services (especially tourism and education) and rural goods have also grown rapidly in recent years (Graph 2). Rapid growth in services exports has been reflected in large numbers of visitor arrivals from China, which have driven the overall upward trend in arrivals to Australia over the past decade.
The growth in Australia's exports to China has been closely connected to domestic conditions in China. Rapid expansion of the Chinese economy in the 2000s, and a highly investment-intensive pattern of growth, spurred demand for heavy industrial products, such as steel. In turn, this has driven a sharp increase in Chinese imports of steelmaking raw materials: iron ore and coking coal. More recently, rising household incomes in China have underpinned a preference shift towards high-quality imported agricultural and health products (including infant formula and vitamin supplements) and increased demand for overseas travel and tertiary education services.
The expansion of Chinese demand in the mid 2000s outstripped the global supply of resource commodities, which boosted Australia's terms of trade and thereby supported Australian national income and government revenues (for example, through collections of resource rent taxes). It also led to significant compositional changes in Australia's labour market as workers were absorbed by the rapidly growing mining sector and associated services industries, including accounting, legal and engineering services.
The depth of these linkages means that the potential for growth in China to slow further, either gradually or sharply, represents a significant risk for the Australian economy. This article analyses China's growth performance in its longer-term context and examines how underlying structural drivers of growth have shifted in recent years. It then considers the growth outlook. Finally, the article discusses the uncertainties around this trajectory, focusing on financial risks and the escalating US–China trade and technology disputes.
## Long-term Economic Trends
The People's Republic of China (PRC) has experienced pronounced swings in growth since its founding in 1949 (Graph 3). While data from official sources and alternative calculations made by academics (for example, Wu (2014)) have periodically diverged substantially, over the long term, different estimates of Chinese GDP growth display broadly similar trends. In general, growth was highly volatile during the period during which China was led by Chairman Mao Zedong (1949–76) but significantly less so during the era of economic reforms that started in the late 1970s.
The volatile growth pattern in the 1950s and 1960s was largely a consequence of the economic system that emerged during these years, but was also compounded by external factors. The devastation inflicted by the war with Japan (1937–45) and the Chinese Civil War (1927–49) necessitated the rebuilding of a large amount of infrastructure, housing and manufacturing capacity. The new government was also keen to develop heavy industry, so economic growth was initially strong. In these early years, despite radical redistribution of land to poorer farmers in rural areas, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) initially tolerated private ownership, allowing private business and farming practices to continue in many areas (Naughton 2007, p 65).
However, by the late 1950s, the introduction of central planning on a large scale began to affect economic outcomes. In rural areas, the authorities attempted to achieve economies of scale by amalgamating traditional small plots of land into cooperatives or collectives (and eventually even larger communes) worked by large numbers of families, who shared in the gains from production (Perkins 1964).[1] In urban areas, adults were assigned to ‘work units’ or danwei (such as factories) and, in compensation for their labour, received ration vouchers for grain and other essentials (Chinn 1980), as well as guaranteed housing, medical care and education for their children. Population mobility was discouraged; households were assigned urban or rural registration permits (hukou) that largely confined them to the area in which their members worked. Annual production targets and a schedule of prices for key commodities were set centrally and the state effectively assumed responsibility for allocating resources throughout society.[2]
The system encountered severe challenges. A huge burden fell on government officials to make correct decisions regarding resource allocation, which then had to be implemented by Party members at the local level. Calibrating centrally determined policy guidance to local conditions was difficult given the size and geographical diversity of China, and local officials often lacked relevant management, agriculture or industry experience (Perkins 1964). In addition, the system distorted incentives: productive workers received the same reward as unproductive workers, which reduced their motivation to work.
The periods of greatest weakness tended to coincide with radical changes in economic policies and in the political environment. Efforts to impose overly ambitious production targets during the Great Leap Forward (1958–60), exacerbated by a series of natural disasters, led to sharply weaker growth, and contributed to the country experiencing a catastrophic famine in 1962, estimated to have caused the loss of 25–30 million lives (Naughton 2007, p 72). The economy also entered recession during the immense social upheaval of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (officially dated from 1966 to 1976).
The consequences of central planning prompted the leadership to change course at the 3rd Plenum of the CCP's 11th National Congress in December 1978. Led by Party elder Deng Xiaoping, the CCP embarked on efforts to build a hybrid economy that allowed markets to play a greater role, albeit constrained by tight administrative controls. The first stage of reforms was to reverse the policy of collectivisation in the countryside, and reintroduce markets (and market prices) for agricultural goods. This proved crucial in increasing agricultural productivity, especially in grain production (Garnaut and Ma 1996). Subsequent reforms endeavoured to incentivise managers in the corporate sector to make state-owned enterprises (SOEs) more efficient and profitable. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, the government loosened barriers to trade and foreign investment, which helped develop the country's manufacturing export sector and gave Chinese firms the opportunity to learn foreign technologies.
These reforms, in turn, created the need for a modern financial system. Prior to the reforms, there was little need for banks to intermediate between lenders and borrowers, since investment was mainly financed by budgetary grants and the retained profits of enterprises, and household savings were small (Lardy 1998, pp 59–61). However, the growing investment needs of urban and rural enterprises, rising household incomes, and the gradual replacement of the strict coupon-based rationing system with a cash economy, created the need for a commercial banking system. Through the 1980s and 1990s, a large number of banks and smaller non-bank financial institutions came into operation.
An important aspect of the reforms was the relaxation of controls on the prices of many goods and services that had been relatively stable under central planning (Graph 4). Yet the dangers of rapid price reform soon became apparent; during 1988–89, a period of strong growth, inflation surged to nearly 20 per cent, exacerbating political and social tensions. The government responded by implementing strict austerity measures to lower inflation, including cutting public spending, instructing banks to stop lending and reimposing price controls. While this brought inflation temporarily under control, the consequence was a sharp slowdown in parts of the economy in the late 1980s (Brandt and Zhu 2000).
In a bid to reinvigorate the reform agenda, Deng Xiaoping visited several locations in southern China in 1992, giving his personal endorsement to the reform strategies being pursued there. This was followed up at the CCP's 14th National Congress in 1992 by pledges to build a ‘socialist market economy’, and more detailed plans that were issued in 1993 (Wu 2019). These efforts contributed to a quick recovery in growth, but also inflation. High inflation was subsequently brought under control through tighter monetary and financial policies, and measures to increase food production and imports, which alleviated upward pressure on food prices (Oppers 1997).
The most important milestone in the 1990s was the reform of SOEs. Under the ‘work unit’ system, SOEs were responsible for the employment, social welfare and housing of a sizeable population; but since many were unprofitable, a large part of this welfare burden was ultimately shifted to the state. By encouraging forced layoffs of unproductive workers, and allowing smaller SOEs to be privatised, the government was able to markedly improve the efficiency of the corporate sector. Firms were forced to become profitable to survive, reducing the burden on state finances from unprofitable enterprises. The reforms also withdrew the obligation of SOEs to provide housing for workers. Instead, starting in 1998, households were permitted to purchase and sell housing that had been allocated to them, leading to the emergence of a flourishing private housing market.
The reforms to SOEs heralded the end of the state-guaranteed system of social security, while also boosting the efficiency of the corporate sector. The associated housing reforms also had a lasting influence. On the one hand, during a period when real interest rates were frequently negative due to high rates of inflation, they gave people a place other than the often-volatile stock market (established only in 1990) to invest their savings. On the other hand, the creation of a housing market encouraged a huge boom in property development and investment that supported growth more broadly.
While the late 1990s were a turbulent period for the economy for other reasons (not least of which were the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997 and a non-performing loan crisis in the banking sector), in the aftermath of these problems the Chinese economy received a major boost from its accession to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in 2001. WTO entry required China to remove more restrictions on exports, imports and foreign investment, which enhanced China's access to overseas markets and increased the flow of trade and foreign investment through the 2000s.
The global financial crisis (GFC) in 2008–09 magnified a slowing in growth that was already becoming apparent as the positive effects of earlier reforms started to wane. The GFC led to a sharp fall in advanced economies' demand for Chinese exports, which weighed heavily on domestic manufacturing. The Chinese Government's fiscal and monetary stimulus response to the crisis temporarily lifted GDP growth, largely by supporting investment in housing and infrastructure. More importantly, however, it forestalled the even sharper downturn in growth that would have eventuated in the absence of such a vigorous response.
## Growth in the Reform Era
Economic growth in the period since 1978 has largely been driven by structural forces – in particular, industrialisation, privatisation, urbanisation and demographic change. The reform era saw China industrialise on a huge scale (Graph 5). Growth in the industrial sector was especially strong in the 1990s and has remained a significant contributor to GDP growth until quite recently. The growth of the industrial sector was related in part to China's growing role in the global economy; over this period, Chinese exports increased from less than 1 per cent of global exports to more than 12 per cent. Since 2011, however, the pattern of domestic growth has shifted, being increasingly reliant on services rather than industrial production.
A second outcome of the reform era was the erosion of central planning and a flourishing of private enterprise. In 1997, the government endorsed the privatisation of the majority of SOEs nationwide, mainly through sales to existing managers and other firms, while retaining state ownership of large firms in strategic industries (Gan 2009). The SOE reforms underpinned a sharp compositional shift in urban employment (Graph 6). SOEs' share of urban employment declined from almost two-thirds in 1990 to 15 per cent by 2017, while private employment soared. The changing ownership of firms also contributed to the productivity and profitability of the business sector, as private industrial firms were typically much more efficient and profitable than state firms (Graph 7).
A third trend, reinforced by economic reforms, was urbanisation. Rapid economic growth and a strong demand for labour in urban areas, especially in the burgeoning private sector, encouraged people to move from rural areas in pursuit of more lucrative job opportunities in the cities (Graph 8). This was facilitated by the abolition of the commune system and the relaxation of geographic restrictions on farmers' employment (Cai 2018). Although people newly arrived to cities could get work, the hukou system continued to restrict their access to the healthcare, pension and education benefits enjoyed by urban residents. The sustained movement of people from often unproductive jobs in agriculture to productive jobs in cities helped to boost aggregate productivity growth (Zhu 2012). It also helped fuel the boom in housing construction and the growth of transport infrastructure to facilitate the movement of millions of people each year into urban areas.
A fourth trend that complemented the economic reforms was the rise in the working-age population. After a baby boom at the end of the Mao era, the working-age population surged (Graph 8). Subsequently, the birth rate declined for a number of reasons, including constraints imposed by the government's ‘one-child’ policy initiated in the early 1980s, and an emerging preference among households for smaller families as living standards and education levels improved (Cai 2018). Rapid growth in the working-age population created a large supply of workers that contributed both to increased production and growth in aggregate demand. However, since 2011, the total working-age population has begun to fall. The urban workforce is still increasing as a result of urbanisation, but its growth rate has started to moderate as the birth rate has fallen and the population has aged.
The combination of rapid industrialisation, continuous urban expansion and a burgeoning private sector underpinned a highly investment-intensive pattern of growth. The rising working-age population also played a role, as the tendency of households to save during their prime working years led to the emergence of a large pool of savings that became available to fund investment. However, since the early 2010s, growth in investment has slowed and the contribution of investment to GDP growth has diminished (Graph 9). While growth in consumption has also moderated as household income growth has slowed, it has remained strong relative to investment growth, resulting in a gradual ‘rebalancing’ of GDP growth away from investment and towards consumption.
The investment slowdown reflects a number of factors. Residential construction investment was one of the largest drivers of investment growth during the 2000s, contributing around half of total growth in investment. However, after a further boost from the government's stimulus response to the GFC, the share of residential investment in GDP has stabilised at around 17 per cent (Graph 10).[3] While urbanisation is still continuing, there is evidence that the supply of housing has outpaced the basic needs of the urban population; according to the China Household Finance Survey (2017), the residential vacancy rate in China was estimated at around 21 per cent in 2017, which is significantly higher than the vacancy rate in other Asian economies, the United States and Australia. Saturation in urban housing markets, particularly megacities such as Beijing and Shanghai, implies that future growth in residential investment is likely to come more from replacement or upgrading of older housing than from growth in the urban population. Such replacement or upgrading activity could, nonetheless, be substantial given households' changing aspirations for dwelling quality as their income rises.
More generally, the boom in investment in the late 2000s that followed the government's stimulus response to the GFC happened at a time when growth was already slowing for structural reasons. This led to a sharp increase in the capital-to-output ratio, which has in turn lowered the marginal return on new capital spending. As a result, the marginal product of capital – that is, the returns to new investment – has declined, which is likely to have reduced the incentive of the private sector to invest (Graph 11).[4]
The declining growth in the supply of labour and falling incentives to invest imply that, in the years ahead, the Chinese economy will increasingly have to rely on productivity improvements to sustain overall economic growth. Productivity growth, measured either in terms of labour productivity (i.e. output per worker) or total factor productivity (which accounts for the contribution of capital as well as labour input to output growth), grew rapidly over much of the period following the start of reforms in the late 1970s (Graph 12).[5] This was an important factor driving the sustained increase in per capita incomes over this period. The investment-intensive nature of Chinese growth ensured that total factor productivity growth has typically been much lower than growth in labour productivity. Alternative estimates of GDP, capital and labour give rise to a large variation in estimates of productivity growth (Wu 2011). Nonetheless, most measures indicate a pronounced acceleration in productivity in the mid 1980s, the early 1990s, and the late 1990s–mid 2000s, followed by more subdued growth thereafter. Roughly speaking, these ‘cycles’ in productivity growth have tended to coincide with or follow major periods of economic reform. In the latest decade, productivity growth has slowed as the benefits of earlier reforms have faded.
## Recent Trends
Over the past few years, growth in China has continued to slow. Investment growth has weakened sharply, while consumption growth has moderated as growth in household income has slowed (Graph 13). Slower growth in domestic demand has weighed on imports. Growth in Chinese exports has also weakened as a result of the slowdown in advanced economies, a downturn in the global technology cycle and the escalation of the US–China technology and trade disputes in 2018–19.
Slower growth in financing to the business sector over recent years has reinforced the structural forces that were already putting downward pressure on growth. China's total social financing (a measure of ‘broad credit’ that captures bank and non-bank financing to the real economy) has eased noticeably in the past two years, reflecting slowing growth in lending to businesses (Graph 14). While this may partly reflect weaker demand by the private sector, it also reflects the government's regulatory crackdown on riskier forms of non-bank, off-balance sheet financing that began in 2017. This type of lending grew very strongly in the wake of the 2008–09 stimulus, but more recently it has been falling as a result of the government's measures, which were designed to reduce vulnerabilities in the financial system.
In response to the downward pressure on growth over the past year or so, the government has eased monetary and fiscal policy, although to date the stimulus has remained relatively targeted. Authorities have stressed that they will not resort to a ‘flood-like’ stimulus akin to the countercyclical policies enacted during the GFC (PBC 2019a), and have pledged not to attempt to boost growth by stimulating residential construction (Ministry of Finance of the PRC 2019).
Instead, monetary policy easing by the People's Bank of China (PBC) has primarily taken the form of cuts to required reserve ratios (which mandate the share of deposits that banks must hold with the PBC) to increase the supply of funds available for lending. The PBC has also guided money market interest rates lower, and issued guidance to banks to increase lending to small businesses and reduce interest rates for these firms. Complementing these measures, the government has eased fiscal policy through cuts to value-added, corporate income and household income taxes and by specifying higher local government bond issuance quotas to fund increased public infrastructure investment. Expansionary fiscal policy resulted in a sharp widening in the budget deficit through the second half of 2018 and in 2019, which probably helped to buoy investment and retail sales in the second half of 2019.
## The Outlook for Growth
The long-term structural headwinds arising from a slowing working-age population, reduced incentives to invest and subdued productivity growth suggest that Chinese growth will slow further in coming years. As a thought experiment, presented in Graph 15, we consider a growth scenario that extrapolates trends (estimated over the past 10 years) in the production-side ingredients of GDP growth: labour, capital and total factor productivity.[6] The results indicate that, if recent trends were to continue, it is possible that GDP growth could halve from current rates by 2030.
International evidence reinforces the expectation that Chinese growth will continue to slow. For many years, China has experienced faster growth than nearly all other major economies. However, as argued by Pritchett and Summers (2013), the other extraordinary growth experiences of the past, such as the rise of Japan after World War II, and the rise of east Asian economies starting in the 1960s, were typically followed by periods of sharply lower growth. They propose that the most robust empirical finding about growth globally is ‘regression to the mean’ – namely, the tendency for economies experiencing ‘above-normal’ growth to revert to the global average. Lee (2017) and Barro (2016) have also argued, on the basis of separate empirical analyses of international data, that Chinese growth is likely to slow further, as income per capita in China converges up towards the levels enjoyed in advanced economies.
While the decline in the working-age population, and hence the available labour supply, can be expected to place downward pressure on growth in the years ahead, the extent of decline could be affected by changes in household preferences and government policy. For example, assuming a ‘high’ fertility scenario used in projections by the United Nations, in which the Chinese birth rate rises and stabilises above 2.1 births per woman (considered necessary for replacement), the working-age population would fall at a slower rate and eventually increase in the second half of the current century (Lim and Cowling 2016; Graph 16).[7] However, for fertility to increase, Chinese households would have to reverse their growing preference for smaller families, which would be a dramatic shift given the transition from high to low fertility rates that has already happened.
A more immediate increase in the working-age population could result from the government mandating increases in the retirement age. Assuming that the retirement age increases gradually from 60 to 65 between 2020 and 2035, the working-age population would initially increase, before resuming its downward trend. In other words, while increasing the retirement age would temporarily boost the available supply of labour, it would only delay, not prevent, the decline in the working-age population.
Growth in investment could also be stronger than recent trends would suggest if the government were to support investment through systematically more expansionary fiscal and monetary policy. However, the targeted approach to policy easing taken to date, and the government's desire to avoid harming financial stability through excessive stimulus, suggest that, aside from attempting to smooth cyclical fluctuations, authorities are likely to accommodate a slowing trend growth trajectory. The staged lowering of GDP growth targets in recent years, and the leadership's greater emphasis on the ‘quality’ of growth rather than its speed (Li 2018, 2019) reduce the probability that the government will attempt to engineer dramatically stronger growth in investment in coming years. However, the change in emphasis from high-speed to high-quality growth does indicate a renewed focus on improving productivity growth over the longer term.
The scenario presented in Graph 15 assumes continued low rates of productivity growth. It is difficult to forecast productivity because it depends on future technological progress and changes in government policy. There is also uncertainty about the starting point for productivity; some estimates suggests that Chinese productivity growth is weaker than official data suggest, and perhaps negative (Wu 2014; Feenstra, Inklaar and Timmer 2015). However, on any measure, there is still large scope for future productivity growth in China. For example, estimates that attempt to compare total factor productivity in individual countries to a ‘frontier’ economy (the United States) suggest that China remains significantly below the global productivity frontier, although data measurement issues mean that such comparisons are inevitably imprecise (Graph 17).[8]
In recent years, the Chinese Government has implemented several initiatives to encourage faster productivity growth. These include allocating government funds to support innovation start-ups and boost spending on research and development (R&D), with a view to spurring technological innovation. Despite these efforts, growth in R&D spending has slowed from the rapid rates in the 2000s, and a high-frequency indicator of activity in high-value-added emerging industries (the Mastercard–Caixin–BBD New Economy Index) suggests that growth in innovative sectors has eased since 2017 (Graph 18). External pressures may also influence the pace of innovation in China in coming years. Recent measures taken by the United States to restrict Chinese foreign investment in US technology and telecommunications industries and prevent sales of American technology to Chinese companies could, if they persist, impede or slow technological progress in some Chinese industries.[9] However, such measures are also likely to intensify efforts already underway in China to achieve self-sufficiency in key technologies.
Measures to boost technological innovation are only one aspect of the Chinese Government's efforts to boost productivity growth. In addition, the government has implemented a series of ‘supply-side structural reform’ policies. These have succeeded in reducing excess capacity in parts of heavy industry, which has improved the profitability and efficiency of parts of the corporate sector. The government has also continued to undertake SOE reforms, which have focused on strengthening the role of SOEs in the economy rather than supporting the more profitable private sector (Naughton 2018; Lardy 2019). While boosting productivity is high on the government's list of priorities, it remains to be seen whether the current mix of policies will be able to reverse recent trends.
The prospect of growth continuing its slowing trajectory, largely for structural reasons, poses challenges for economic policy in China. The fact that nominal GDP growth was strong throughout the reform era allowed rising levels of debt to be matched by rising incomes. Combined with a cautious approach to the sequencing of financial reforms, and relatively low levels of foreign-currency denominated debt, this helped China avoid the chronic financial instability encountered by many other emerging economies in this transition phase. However, the investment-intensive (and largely debt-funded) pattern of growth since the GFC, combined with the structural slowing in growth, has seen the debt-to-GDP ratio rise sharply in the past decade, presenting risks to financial stability (Graph 19).
These risks relate not only to the high levels of debt, but also to broader financial vulnerabilities stemming from off-balance sheet lending and concerns about the quality of the debt issued. Declining nominal GDP growth means that growth in debt must also slow to prevent the debt ratio from rising further. Accordingly, current policy seeks to keep total social financing growth in line with nominal GDP growth (PBC 2019b). Since the early 2010s, there has been a rise in episodes of financial instability, including a disruption to the interbank market in 2013 and a collapse in stock prices in 2015. While these issues were themselves partly driven by earlier policy changes, they were prevented from causing more systemic problems by rapid policy responses once the risks were recognised. Regulatory reforms since 2017 have also been effective at slowing the corporate sector's accumulation of debt, thereby lowering the risk of a large-scale systemic financial disruption or crisis. Even so, the level remains high and household and government debt continue to rise. In this context, the government must strike a delicate balance between stimulating the economy enough to support overall GDP growth, and stimulating it too much via excessive growth in credit, leading to even higher levels of debt, and adding to financial vulnerabilities.
## Conclusion
China's emergence as one of the largest and fastest-growing economies in the world, beginning in the late 1970s, followed decades of economic volatility and social and political turmoil. The comparatively benign growth trajectory charted through the period of economic reforms was underpinned by rapid industrialisation, steady rural-urban migration, a rising working-age population, an increased role for the private sector, strong growth in residential investment and productivity-enhancing reforms. However, the reversal or slowing of many of these impulses suggests that China's period of ‘above-normal’ growth is drawing to a close. This will create challenges for policymakers, as they attempt to foster continued increases in incomes, while forestalling risks arising from high levels of debt. How the authorities navigate that trajectory will have significant implications for China's major trading partners, including Australia, in the years ahead.
## Footnotes
The authors are in Economic Analysis department [*]
Perkins (1964) estimates that cooperatives had an average size of 200 families, while communes comprised 4,000–5,000 families. [1]
Targets were implemented for a much smaller number of commodities in the PRC than was the case in the Soviet Union (Naughton 2007, p 62). In practice, though, even the more detailed targets in the Soviet Union were rarely met and constantly revised (Gregory 2003). Thus, despite the differences between the Chinese and Soviet models of central planning, they encountered similar problems. [2]
Residential investment in Graph 10 is estimated using a slightly modified version of the method in Koen et al (2013). [3]
See Ma, Roberts and Kelly (2017) for further discussion of this issue. These estimates are based on official GDP and investment data. The capital stock is calculated using the perpetual inventory method, initialised at the 1952 level estimated by Wu (2014), and excludes residential investment. [4]
These estimates are Törnqvist indices based on official GDP, investment (gross fixed capital formation, excluding residential investment) and employment data, and time-varying weights (labour and capital income shares). The labour share and capital shares are adjusted for taxes on production and are estimated using data from the official Flow of Funds (physical transaction) accounts, published by the National Bureau of Statistics of China. Labour input is adjusted for quality using data on average years of schooling derived from Barro and Lee (2001), Cohen and Soto (2007) and the UNDP (2018). [5]
The calculation of trend GDP growth ( ${y}^{T}$ ) is: ${y}^{T}={a}^{T}+\alpha {l}^{T}+\left(1-\alpha \right){k}^{T}$ , where ${a}^{T}$ is trend growth in total factor productivity, $\alpha$ is the labour share of income, ${l}^{T}$ is trend growth in labour, adjusted for quality (average years of schooling) and ${k}^{T}$ is trend growth in the capital stock. Linear trends are estimated by regressing each variable on a time trend. The calculation of trend growth in labour input assumes that employment grows at the same rate as United Nations projections of the working-age population and that average years of schooling follow their 10-year linear trend. [6]
Graph 16 updates the scenarios from Lim and Cowling (2016) for recent data. [7]
Cross-country comparisons of productivity yield divergent results depending on the approach and underlying assumptions. In light of the uncertainty around such estimates, Graph 17 averages calculations from three different methods and shows maximum and minimum estimates in each case. The measures correspond to input- and output-oriented data envelopment analysis models (Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes 1978) and independent estimates of total factor productivity across countries, at current purchasing power parity rates, compiled by Feenstra, Inklaar and Timmer (2015). The first two measures are estimated using output, capital stock and employment data from the Penn World Table 9.1 for G20 countries, using output estimates that impose transitivity in multilateral comparisons. [8]
The policies are documented by US Department of the Treasury (2018) and Federal Register (2018). [9]
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| 2022-11-28T17:35:21 |
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https://pos.sissa.it/380/358/
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Volume 380 - Particles and Nuclei International Conference 2021 (PANIC2021) - QCD, spin physics and chiral dynamics
QCD physics measurements at LHCb
D. Zuliani* on behalf of the LHCb collaboration
Full text: pdf
Pre-published on: March 02, 2022
Published on: May 24, 2022
Abstract
The LHCb experiment is a general purpose forward detector which studies a phase space region complementary to ATLAS and CMS. Its excellent vertex and track reconstruction system allows to perform several measurements of perturbative QCD physics in a region unexplored by other experiments. In the following the latest QCD physics analyses performed at LHCb studying $pp$ collisions during Run 1 and Run 2 data are presented.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22323/1.380.0358
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| 2023-03-24T19:51:04 |
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https://www.aimsciences.org/article/doi/10.3934/ipi.2020012?viewType=html
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Article Contents
Article Contents
# Enhanced image approximation using shifted rank-1 reconstruction
•
• Low rank approximation has been extensively studied in the past. It is most suitable to reproduce rectangular like structures in the data. In this work we introduce a generalization using "shifted" rank-$1$ matrices to approximate $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{A}}}\in \mathbb{C}^{M\times N}$. These matrices are of the form $S_{\mathit{\boldsymbol{{\lambda}}}}(\mathit{\boldsymbol{{u}}}\mathit{\boldsymbol{{v}}}^*)$ where $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{u}}}\in \mathbb{C}^M$, $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{v}}}\in \mathbb{C}^N$ and $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{\lambda}}}\in \mathbb{Z}^N$. The operator $S_{\mathit{\boldsymbol{{\lambda}}}}$ circularly shifts the $k$-th column of $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{u}}}\mathit{\boldsymbol{{v}}}^*$ by $\lambda_k$.
These kind of shifts naturally appear in applications, where an object $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{u}}}$ is observed in $N$ measurements at different positions indicated by the shift $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{\lambda}}}$. The vector $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{v}}}$ gives the observation intensity. This model holds for seismic waves that are recorded at $N$ sensors at different times $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{\lambda}}}$. Other examples are a car that moves through a video changing its position $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{\lambda}}}$ in each of the $N$ frames, or non-destructive testing based on ultrasonic waves that are reflected by defects inside the material.
The main difficulty of the above stated problem lies in finding a suitable shift vector $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{\lambda}}}$. Once the shift is known, a simple singular value decomposition can be applied to reconstruct $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{u}}}$ and $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{v}}}$. We propose a greedy method to reconstruct $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{\lambda}}}$. By using the formulation of the problem in Fourier domain, a shifted rank-$1$ approximation can be calculated in $O(NM\log M)$. Convergence to a locally optimal solution is guaranteed. Furthermore, we give a heuristic initial guess strategy that shows good results in the numerical experiments.
We validate our approach in several numerical experiments on different kinds of data. We compare the technique to shift-invariant dictionary learning algorithms. Furthermore, we provide examples from application including object segmentation in non-destructive testing and seismic exploration as well as object tracking in video processing.
Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 65F18, 65T99; Secondary: 86A22.
Citation:
• Figure 1. Input data: Cartoon-like, natural, ultrasonic and seismic images
Figure 2. (a) Singular value ratio to $\||\hat{\bm{{A}}}|\|_2$ after the individual steps of Algorithm 3. (b) Average approximation error over all kinds of input data
Figure 3. Reconstruction of Lena image using 1, 5 and 10 shifted rank-$1$ matrices
Figure 4. Approximation error of all algorithms for different kinds of input data plotted against the storage costs
Figure 5. Sparse approximation of image "phantom" using Wavelets (left), SR1 (middle) and UC-DLA (right)
Figure 6. (a) Average runtime of data approximation against the number of rows. (b) Average runtime of matrix vector multiplication using different number of shifted rank-$1$ matrices
Figure 7. Separation of an ultrasonic image in two signals (top and bottom) using SR1 (left), MoTIF (middle) and UC-DLA (right)
Figure 8. Identified earth layer reflection in noisy seismic image
Figure 9. Tracked route in original video (top) and reconstructed singular vectors $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{u}}}^1$, $\mathit{\boldsymbol{{u}}}^2$ (middle); as comparison the reconstructed background and person using MAMR is shown (bottom)
Figure 10. First and last frame of the soccer video clip
Figure 11. Tracked objects in soccer clip (top): advertising banners, referee and time stamp. As comparison the reconstructed background and foreground using MAMR is shown (bottom)
Table 1. Mean number of iterations for different kinds of input data
data global local total orthogonal 139 21 160 natural 137 24 161 cartoon 91 15 106 seismic 95 16 111 ultrasound 95 18 113
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| 2023-03-30T20:26:46 |
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https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10313054-beyond-hubble-sequence-exploring-galaxy-morphology-unsupervised-machine-learning
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Beyond the hubble sequence – exploring galaxy morphology with unsupervised machine learning
ABSTRACT We explore unsupervised machine learning for galaxy morphology analyses using a combination of feature extraction with a vector-quantized variational autoencoder (VQ-VAE) and hierarchical clustering (HC). We propose a new methodology that includes: (1) consideration of the clustering performance simultaneously when learning features from images; (2) allowing for various distance thresholds within the HC algorithm; (3) using the galaxy orientation to determine the number of clusters. This set-up provides 27 clusters created with this unsupervised learning that we show are well separated based on galaxy shape and structure (e.g. Sérsic index, concentration, asymmetry, Gini coefficient). These resulting clusters also correlate well with physical properties such as the colour–magnitude diagram, and span the range of scaling relations such as mass versus size amongst the different machine-defined clusters. When we merge these multiple clusters into two large preliminary clusters to provide a binary classification, an accuracy of $\sim 87{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ is reached using an imbalanced data set, matching real galaxy distributions, which includes 22.7 per cent early-type galaxies and 77.3 per cent late-type galaxies. Comparing the given clusters with classic Hubble types (ellipticals, lenticulars, early spirals, late spirals, and irregulars), we show that there is an intrinsic vagueness in visual classification systems, in particular more »
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Publication Date:
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10313054
Journal Name:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume:
503
Issue:
3
ISSN:
0035-8711
National Science Foundation
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| 2022-12-07T01:22:41 |
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https://www.aimsciences.org/article/doi/10.3934/proc.2013.2013.183
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Article Contents
Article Contents
# Small data solutions for semilinear wave equations with effective damping
• We consider the Cauchy problem for the semi-linear damped wave equation
$u_{tt} - \Delta u + b(t)u_t = f(t,u),\qquad u(0,x) = u_0(x),\qquad u_t(0,x) = u_1(x).$
We prove the global existence of small data solution in low space dimension, and we derive $(L^m\cap L^2)-L^2$ decay estimates, for $m\in[1,2)$. We assume that the time-dependent damping term $b(t)>0$ is effective, that is, the equation inherits some properties of the parabolic equation $b(t)u_t - \Delta u = f(t,u)$.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 35L71.
Citation:
• [1] M. D'Abbicco, M.R. Ebert, Hyperbolic-like estimates for higher order equations, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 395 (2012), 747-765, doi:10.1016/j.jmaa.2012.05.070. [2] M. D'Abbicco, M.R. Ebert, A class of dissipative wave equations with time-dependent speed and damping J. Math. Anal. Appl. 399 (2013), 315-332, doi:10.1016/j.jmaa.2012.10.017. [3] M. D'Abbicco, S. Lucente, A modified test function method for damped wave equations Adv. Nonlinear Studies 13 (2013), 867-892. [4] M. D'Abbicco, S. Lucente, M. Reissig, Semilinear wave equations with effective damping, Chinese Ann. Math. 34B (2013), 3, 345-380, doi:10.1007/s11401-013-0773-0. [5] H. Fujita, On the blowing up of solutions of the Cauchy Problem for $u_t=\Delta u+u^{1+\alpha}$, J. Fac.Sci. Univ. Tokyo 13 (1966), 109-124. [6] R. Ikehata, Y. Mayaoka, T. Nakatake, Decay estimates of solutions for dissipative wave equations in $\mathbbR^N$ with lower power nonlinearities, J. Math. Soc. Japan, 56 (2004), 365-373. [7] R. Ikehata, M. Ohta, Critical exponents for semilinear dissipative wave equations in $\mathbbR^N$, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 269 (2002), 87-97. [8] R. Ikehata, K. Tanizawa, Global existence of solutions for semilinear damped wave equations in $R^N$ with noncompactly supported initial data, Nonlinear Analysis 61 (2005), 1189-1208. [9] R. Ikehata, G. Todorova, B. Yordanov, Critical exponent for semilinear wave equations with Space-Dependent Potential, Funkcial. Ekvac. 52 (2009), 411-435. [10] J. Lin, K. Nishihara, J. Zhai, Critical exponent for the semilinear wave equation with time-dependent damping, Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems, 32 (2012), 4307-4320, http://www.aimsciences.org/journals/pdfs.jsp?paperID=7562&mode=full [11] A. Matsumura, On the asymptotic behavior of solutions of semi-linear wave equations, Publ. RIMS. 12 (1976), 169-189. [12] G. Todorova, B. Yordanov, Critical exponent for a nonlinear wave equation with damping, J. of Differential Equations 174 (2001), 464-489. [13] J. Wirth, Wave equations with time-dependent dissipation II. Effective dissipation, J. Differential Equations 232 (2007), 74-103. [14] Qi S. Zhang, A blow-up result for a nonlinear wave equation with damping: The critical case, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. I Math. 333 (2001), 109-114.
Open Access Under a Creative Commons license
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# XVI International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions (ISVHECRI 2010)
US/Central
One West (Fermilab)
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
,
Description
The 16th meeting of the biennial conference series, the International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions (ISVHECRI 2010), was held at Fermilab June 28 to July 2, 2010.
The URL for the Proceedings is http://www.slac.stanford.edu/econf/C1006284.
Topics coverd in this Symposium:
• Recent accelerator data and results
• Sensitivity of Monte Carlo models to data
• Extensive air shower experiments, E > 100 TeV
• Experiments above the Ankle
• Emulsion chambers
• Anisotropy
• Muons
• Balloon and satellite experiments
Support
• Monday, 28 June
• 8:45 AM 9:00 AM
Welcome One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 8:45 AM
Symposium Opening Remarks 5m
Speaker: Local Organizing Committee (ISVHECRI 2010)
• 8:50 AM
Welcome from the Fermilab Directorate 10m
Speaker: Dr Young-Kee Kim (Deputy Director, Fermilab)
• 9:00 AM 10:40 AM
Introductory presentations One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 9:00 AM
Accelerator Data 50m
I shall present selected examples of accelerator data, mainly from hadron colliders, that are relevant for understanding cosmic ray showers. I focus on the forward region, x(Feynman) > 0.05, where high energy data are scarce, since the emphasis in collider physics became high-pT phenomena. I discuss whether that situation can be improved.
Speaker: Dr Michael Albrow (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory)
• 9:50 AM
Cosmic rays: current status 50m
Important new results in four areas of particle astrophysics are on the agenda of this conference: atmospheric leptons; direct measurements of composition and spectrum to 100 TeV; air shower measurements from the knee to the ankle; and the upper end of the cosmic-ray spectrum. Each of these topics has a long history, with the techniques and the basic questions being established early on. What is relative contribution of pions, kaons and charm to leptons in the atmosphere? Do all species of primary cosmic rays have the same source spectra and propagation history? Where is the transition from galactic cosmic rays to a higher energy population of particles from extra-galactic sources? Is there a suppression of the highest energy particles due to energy loss during propagation through the cosmic background radiation? In this introductory talk I will comment on the current status of each topic in its historical context.
Speaker: Prof. Thomas Gaisser (University of Delaware)
• 10:40 AM 11:10 AM
coffee break 30m Outside One West
### Outside One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 11:10 AM 12:00 PM
Introductory presentations: 2 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 11:10 AM
Relating accelerator data and models 50m
The study of high energy cosmic rays requires a good understanding of the properties of hadronic interactions. Information on the strong interactions can be obtained in experimental studies at accelerators, however the modeling of cosmic rays showers requires an extrapolation of the observations made at accelators with some guidance from theoretical ideas. This talk will review some of the key problems for these extrapolations and the resulting systematic uncertainties. The possibility to obtain information on the hadronic nteractions from cosmic ray observations will also be considered.
Speaker: Dr Paolo Lipari (INFN Roma 1)
• 12:00 PM 12:30 PM
Recent relevant accelerator data and results: 1 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
Convener: Dr Bryan Pattison (CERN)
• 12:00 PM
Particle production Experiments and their relevance to understanding Extensive Air showers 30m
Calculations of fluxes of atmospheric neutrinos and muons from extensive air showers suffer from our lack of knowledge of hadronic production processes. We are dependent of particle production models which suffer from systematics from both model dependent assumptions as well as the data used to tune them. We will present recent published data from NA49, and NA61 experiments as well as present analysis from the MIPP experiment relevant to particle production and air showers. Prospects of getting higher quality data using the MIPP upgrade will be discussed.
Speaker: Dr Rajendran Raja (Fermilab)
• 12:30 PM 1:30 PM
lunch 1h Cafeteria
### Cafeteria
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 1:30 PM 3:30 PM
Recent relevant accelerator data and results: 2 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
Convener: Dr Bryan Pattison (CERN)
• 1:30 PM
Perspectives on Nuclear Physics Input into High-Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions 30m
Recent ultra high-energy cosmic ray data hints an increase of heavier nuclei in the composition of the cosmic ray flux, accentuating the importance of more precise nuclear physics input. In this talk recent results from relativistic heavy ion and other nuclear experiments will be summarized and the possible impact of these results on understanding cosmic ray interactions will be discussed.
Speaker: Prof. Baha Balantekin (University of Wisconsin)
• 2:00 PM
Recent accelerator data and results from the Tevatron 30m
We present relevant results from CDF and D0, including diffractive and elastic scattering, and other inclusive measurements.
Speaker: Dr Mary Convery (Fermilab)
• 2:30 PM
Status and Prospects from the ATLAS Detector 30m
Since the startup of the LHC in December 2009, the ATLAS detector has been accumulating data from collisions at center of mass energies of 900 GeV and 7 TeV. Although the integrated luminosity is still low, it is increasing at an accelerated pace. The data have already made it possible to commission and calibrate the various subdetectors, understand their performance in detail and refine the trigger and software reconstruction algorithms. Initial measurements on charged particle multiplicities at \sqrt{s} = 900 GeV and 7 TeV as a function of pseudorapidity and transverse momentum have allowed comparisons to results from other experiments at the lower center of mass energy and to various Monte Carlo models of minimum bias events. Standard Model electroweak processes are also being used as benchmarks for validating the analysis and simulation tools. With the higher luminosity expected in the coming year, stringent tests of higher order QCD processes could be achieved. Various models of new physics could be probed and significant constraints obtained. The status of the detector will be summarized, and a brief review of physics results and expectations from early analyses will be given.
Speaker: Prof. Georges Azuelos (Univ. de Montreal)
• 3:00 PM
Recent Results from CMS 30m
The status of CMS concerning the 2009 run and the first data recorded at 7 TeV in 2010 will be reported. After a summary of the LHC and detector performance, including some example of interesting events, the talk will focus to the first results obtained. In particular, emphasis will be given to low-pT QCD physics including charged hadron spectra, the measurement of Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC) and of underlying event properties.
Speaker: Dr Ambra Gresele (Trento University)
• 3:30 PM 4:00 PM
coffee break 30m Outside One West
### Outside One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 4:00 PM 5:35 PM
Recent relevant accelerator data and results: 3 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
Convener: Prof. Oscar Saavedra (Università di Torino / INFN, Torino)
• 4:00 PM
Status and prospects from TOTEM 30m
Totem is exploring the forward region at pseudorapidity larger than 3.1; its main goal is the measurement of the total and elastic cross-section at 14 TeV and the study of diffractive physics in the forward region. The experiment is now built and almost completely commissioned; data taking started in December 2009. TOTEM aims at measuring the total cross section beyond 1 TeV/c with the unprecedented precision of 1 % by using the luminosity independent method, based on the simultaneous detection of elastic scattering at low momentum transfer and of the inelastic interactions. To achieve this, protons scattered at very small angles in elastic or quasi-elastic reactions will be measured in telescopes of silicon detectors enclosed in Roman Pots, placed on both sides of the intersection regions; inelastically produced secondaries will be measured by a forward inelastic detector covering the region 3 < eta <7 with full azimutal acceptance. The TOTEM physics program includes the measurement of forward charged multiplicity distributions at the TEV scale, important for the understanding of the cosmic ray events. TOTEM will take data under all LHC beam conditions including standard high luminosity runs to maximize its physics goals.
• 4:30 PM
LHCf measurements of very forward particles at LHC 30m
LHCf (Large Hadron Collider forward) is a dedicated experiment to measure the neutral particles emitted around zero degree of LHC interactions. Energy and Pt spectra of photons, pi-zero and neutral hadrons at such forward region are crucial to qualify the existing interaction models and to improve them for cosmic-ray physics. From the end of 2009, LHCf has successfully taken data at LHC collisions at sqrt(s)= 0.9 and 7TeV. In this presentation, the first results of LHCf mainly obtained since April 2010 will be presented together with the prediction of various interaction models.
Speaker: Dr Takashi SAKO (Solar-Terrestrial Environment laboratory, Nagoya University)
• 5:00 PM
CASTOR LHC and cosmic rays 15m
CASTOR, a very forward (5.2<η<6.6) Čerenkov-light, tungsten/quartz calorimeter was installed and commissioned at CMS (LHC) in 2009. The calorimeter, with 16-fold φ-segmentation, 14-fold z-segmentation (224 channels) and 10λ(int), has been obtaining data since November 2009. The physics to be addressed with CASTOR include forward energy flow in pp, AA and pA, critical for the screening of EAS MC codes, as well as “exotic” topics, such as “Centauro” and “long penetrating” events, observed in VHE cosmic-ray data. The later constitute the reason for the novel design of the calorimeter. The first operational experience with CASTOR at CMS and the possibility of identifying “long penetrating” events will be presented and discussed.
Speaker: Prof. Edwin Norbeck (University of Iowa)
• 5:15 PM
First physics results at LHCb 20m
First pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 0.9 and 7 TeV have been recorded by the LHCb detector using a minimum bias trigger. These data are very valuable to commission the detector and trigger algorithms, but will also be used to perform a number of interesting minimum bias physics measurements, in the forward region covered by the LHCb detector (polar angles between 15 and 300 mrad), amongst which measurements of the prompt Kshort, Lambda, anti-Lambda, proton, anti-proton production cross sections, as well as of the Lambda transverse polarization. The motivations, ingredients and status of such measurements will be discussed, and preliminary results shown where available.
Speaker: Mr Christian Linn (University Heidelberg)
• 5:35 PM 7:30 PM
Reception 1h 55m Wilson Hall 15 North Crossover
### Wilson Hall 15 North Crossover
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
The reception is scheduled for two hours and will end at 7:30 pm
Buses will leave at 7:30 pm
• Tuesday, 29 June
• 8:30 AM 8:50 AM
Recent relevant accelerator data and results: 4 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
Convener: Prof. Oscar Saavedra (Università di Torino / INFN, Torino)
• 8:30 AM
First Results from the ALICE Experiment at the LHC 20m
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN (Geneva, Switzerland) has successfully started operation in 2009. Collisions of protons at energies of 7 TeV are being provided to the experiments, the highest center-of-mass energy ever achieved in accelerators. The ALICE experiment at the LHC is designed for the investigation of heavy-ion collisions, but it is also well suited for studies of pp collisions. In this talk, first results of the ALICE experiment from pp collisions at the LHC will be presented.
Speaker: Dr Henner Buesching (University of Frankfurt)
• 8:50 AM 10:30 AM
Balloon and Satellite Experiments: 1 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 8:50 AM
Balloon-borne and Space-based Particle Measurements with Magnetic Spectrometers 50m
Using high-performance superconducting or permanent magnets coupled with precision detector systems, magnetic-rigidity spectrometers have the unique ability to completely identify incident particles by charge, charge-sign, mass, and energy. Magnetic spectrometers are central to measurements of cosmic antiparticles and the spectra of light isotopes and elements. Positron and antiproton spectra measured by magnetic spectrometers are important in constraining dark-matter models as well as models for the origin, acceleration, and transport of cosmic rays in the Galaxy and Heliosphere. Searches for heavier antinuclei probe symmetry-breaking processes in the early Universe. Measurements of light-isotope spectra to relativistic velocities constrain models for cosmic-ray transport and storage in the Galaxy. Instrumental techniques used in modern magnetic-rigidity spectrometers and results from recent experiments will be reviewed. Prospects for future magnetic spectrometer instruments will be discussed.
Speaker: Dr John Mitchell (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center)
• 9:40 AM
Balloon-borne and Space-based Experiments with Non-magnetic Detectors 50m
Direct measurements of cosmic rays with satellite or balloon-borne detectors are used for understanding cosmic ray origin, acceleration and propagation, exploring the supernova acceleration limit, and searching for exotic sources such as dark matter. Their energy reach is currently limited to ~10^15 eV by the detector size and exposure time, but incident particles are identified element-by-element with excellent charge resolution. A challenge of balloon-borne and space-based experiments is that the detectors must be large enough to collect adequate statistics, yet stay within the weight limit for available space flight. Innovative approaches now promise high quality measurements over an energy range that was not previously possible. Recent measurement results will be reviewed and their implications will be discussed. The outlook for existing and future experiments with non-magnetic detectors will also be discussed.
Speaker: Prof. Eun-Suk Seo (University of Maryland)
• 10:30 AM 11:00 AM
Conference Photo & coffee break 30m Outside One West
### Outside One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
All ISVHECRI 2010 participants are invited to be a part of the Conference Photo. The location will be in the atrium or on the front steps, depending on the weather.
• 11:00 AM 12:20 PM
Balloon and Satellite Experiments: 2 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 11:00 AM
Status of AMS 20m
The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is a major particle physics experiment on the International Space Station (ISS). AMS is a general purpose particle physics spectrometer using the technologies commonly employed at CERN and Fermilab and upgraded for space applications. The properties of the AMS detector are that it will provide a coordinate resolution of 10 microns, a timing resolution of 150 ps and a velocity resolution of 1 part in 1000. It will simultaneously measure e+, e-, p, p-bar and nuclei up to the TeV region. For its 20 year stay on the ISS it will provide a sensitive search for the origins of Dark Matter, the existence of antimatter, the existence of strangelets and so forth. AMS is a DOE sponsored international collaboration involving 600 scientists from 16 countries. It is schedule to be transported by the Space Shuttle to ISS in November 2010.
Speakers: Prof. Andrei Kounine (MIT), Prof. Samuel C.C. Ting (MIT)
• 11:20 AM
Balloon-borne gamma-ray telescope with nuclear emulsion 15m
We are planning to observe cosmic gamma-ray in the energy range 10MeV to 100GeV by balloon-borne gamma-ray telescope with nuclear emulsion. Nuclear emulsion is a precise tracker. By detecting starting point of electron pair, gamma-ray direction can be determined precisely (1.4mrad@1-2GeV). This is much better than Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope launched June 2008. Now we are developing the gamma-ray telescope with nuclear emulsion and are planning to observe by balloon flight. Overview and status of our telescope is talked in this presentation.
Speaker: Dr Satoru Takahashi (Nagoya University)
• 11:35 AM
The JEM-EUSO Mission to Explore the Extreme Universe 15m
The JEM-EUSO mission explores the origin of the extreme energy comic-rays (EECRs) above 10^20 eV and challenges to the limit of the basic physics, through the observations, of their arrival directions and energies. It is designed to observe more than 1,000 events of EECRs above 7x10^19 eV in its five-year operation with an exposure larger than 1 million km^2 /sr/year. The super-wide-field (60 degrees) telescope with a diameter of about 2.5m looks down the atmosphere of the night-side of the earth to detect near UV photons (330-400nm, both fluorescent and Cherenkov photons) emitted from the giant air-shower produced by an EECR. The arrival direction map with 1,000 events naturally tells us the origin of the EECRs and allows us to identify the EECR sources to known astronomical objects. The comparison among the energy spectra of the spatially resolved individual sources will clarify the acceleration/emission mechanism, and also finally confirm the Greisen-Zatse'pin-Kuzmin process for the validation of Lorentz invariance up to ~10^11. Neutral components (neutrinos and gamma rays) can also be detected as well, if their fluxes are high enough. The JEM-EUSO mission is planned to be launched by a H2B rocket about 2015 and transferred to ISS by H2 Transfer Vehicle (HTV). It will be attached to the external experiment platform of “KIBO” which completed July 2009 by STS-127 mission of the space shuttle.
Speaker: Dr James H. Adams, Jr. (NASA/MSFC)
• 11:50 AM
On the electron/positron excesses and the knee of cosmic ray spectra 15m
Based on the cosmic rays acceleration in the young supernova remnant like environment, electron and positron pair production through the interactions between high energy cosmic rays and radiation background photons is studied. It is found that both the electron/positron excesses and the knee structure of the cosmic ray spectra can be explained with one set of the source parameters.
Speaker: Prof. Yuqian Ma (IHEP)
• 12:05 PM
Atmospheric Effects of High Energy Cosmic Rays 15m
It has been suggested that events such as supernovae, gamma ray bursts (GRBs) and motion of the Sun perpendicular to the galactic plane may expose the Earth to an enhanced flux of high energy Cosmic Rays (HECRs). The electromagnetic component of the resulting air showers leads to an increase in ionization and dissociation in the atmosphere which results in a series of chemical reactions. These reactions occurring in the stratosphere deplete the ozone, resulting in an increase in the solar UVB flux at the ground level. This could be harmful to a variety of organisms such as phytoplanktons which form the base of the food chain. Enhanced ionization could also result in an increase in the low altitude cloud cover, thereby increasing the albedo and cooling the planet. Magnitude of these effects depend on the flux of cosmic rays hitting the atmosphere. Using CORSIKA and NASA GSFC 2D photochemical code, we perform detailed computer simulations of 10 GeV – 1 PeV range primaries interacting with the Earth's atmosphere and construct a model to quantify these effects for an arbitrary astrophysical source. Data up to PeV primaries is freely available and is being extended for EeV primaries.
Speaker: Mr Dimitra Atri (University of Kansas)
• 12:20 PM 1:20 PM
lunch 1h Cafeteria
### Cafeteria
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 1:20 PM 2:25 PM
Hadronic cross sections: 1 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
Convener: Prof. Thomas Gaisser (University of Delaware)
• 1:20 PM
"Hadron cross sections: from cyclotrons to colliders to cosmic rays" 50m
Using the Froissart bound as a unifying theme, I will show that the experimental data for hadronic crosssections, from nucleon-nucleon, pion-proton, gamma-p and gamma*-p, are all consistent with a high energy behavior saturating the Froissart bound, all rising with energy as log^2(s). Using analyticity constraints that tie in very accurate low-energy total cross section measurements for pp and pbar-p scattering, we make very precise predictions for both LHC and cosmic ray energy cross sections.
Speaker: Prof. Martin Block (Northwestern University)
• 2:10 PM
The proton-air inelastic cross-section measurement at sqrt(s) ~ 2 TeV from EAS-TOP experiment. 15m
The proton-air inelastic cross section measurement at sqrt(s) ~2 TeV from the EAS-TOP Extensive Air Shower experiment is reported. The technique exploits cosmic ray proton primaries, in the energy region $E_0 = 1.5- 2.5 x 10^15 eV, studying the absorption length of their cascades when detected at maximum development. Primary energies are selected through the EAS muon number, and proton originated cascades at maximum development by means of the shower size. The shower and detector fluctuations are obtained by means of simulations performed using the CORSIKA code and the QGSJET II and SIBYLL interaction models. The statistical and systematic uncertainties, as well as the relationships with the pp total cross section measurements are discussed. Speaker: Dr Gian Carlo TRINCHERO (INAF-IFSI and INFN Torino) • 2:25 PM 3:25 PM Sensitivity of Monte Carlo models to data One West ### One West #### Fermilab PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510 Convener: Dr Paolo Lipari (INFN Roma 1) • 2:25 PM Modeling Hadronic Multiparticle Production at Very High Energy 1h After introducing the general structure of event generators used for simulating cosmic ray interactions we describe the underlying philosophy of the Monte Carlo models EPOS, QGSJET, SIBYLL, and DPMJET. Some of the important assumptions of the models are reviewed in detail and the prediction obtained with the models are discussed. The reliability of the predictions is one of the key questions for which the new LHC data give valuable input. The relation of model predictions to general air shower features will be presented and uncertainties estimated. Finally, the most important open questions will be listed and ways of addressing them outlined. Speaker: Dr Ralph Engel (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)) • 3:30 PM 4:00 PM coffee break 30m Outside One West ### Outside One West #### Fermilab PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510 • 4:00 PM 4:30 PM Poster Highlight Talks One West ### One West #### Fermilab PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510 Short talks on featured posters Convener: Dr Henry Glass (Fermilab) • 4:30 PM 5:30 PM Poster Session I Atrium ### Atrium #### Fermilab PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510 All of the posters in this session will also be on display in Poster Session II. • 4:30 PM A Project of a Complex Setup at the Pamirs for Multi-Component Study of EAS and Parent PCRs in a Wide Energy Range Around the “Knee”. 1h A recommencement of CR researches with a unique X-Ray emulsion chamber (XREC) located at a high-altitude experimental site at the Pamirs (4360 m a.s.l.) in the framework of the Pamir-Chacaltaya International Scientific Research Center, recently established by the Governments of the Russian Federation and Tajikistan (2008), opens up a possibility for deep upgrading of the experimental setup and for deployment on its basis of a new complex one of 1 km2 in area for EAS multi-component study including electron, muon, optic and hadron components, as well as a fine structure of EAS cores. The main purpose of the project is a detailed and per elemental study of the PCR spectrum in a wide range of primary energies E0=30 x 106 TeV partially overlapping that of direct observations and containing the “knee” and other close intriguing irregularities of the spectrum. In addition, the designed setup will make it also possible to research a defuse γ-ray radiation with energy above 30 TeV in all northern hemisphere of the sky. The proposed project is based on a positive worldwide experience of creation of hybrid setups at mountain elevations which combines technique of EAS study by means of an array of spaced electronic detectors of charged particles with that of XRECs permitting to study a structure of EAS cores due to its high spatial resolution. A unique astronomical climate and high elevation of the Eastern Pamirs plateau provide excellent conditions for effective detecting of EAS Čerenkov light and particularly for detailed study of its space-angle characteristics, especially sensitive to the PCR composition. A spaced Čerenkov detector array of 245 x 245 m2 in area complemented with 4 wide field-of-view (≥20°) imaging atmospheric Čerenkov telescopes (IACT) of 3-4 m in diameter with angular resolution 0.5-1.0° will be employed for determining of space-angle distributions of individual EAS. The atmosphere quality control will be performed with lidar technique. One more Čerenkov light telescope with ring-like system of mirrors (R=80 m) and cylindric mosaic of PMT in the center of the ring, which is specially designed for detection of Čerenkov radiation of the PCR nuclei, is under simulation now. Speaker: Dr Alexander Borisov (P.N.Lebedev Physical Institute, RAS) • 4:30 PM Bistatic Radar: A New Method for Detecting Cosmic Rays 1h Progress in the study of high energy cosmic ray physics is limited by low flux. In order to collect substantial statistics above$10^{19}$~eV, the two largest ground arrays currently in operation cover 800~$\mbox{km}^2$(Telescope Array, Utah) and 3000~$\mbox{km}^2$(Auger Observatory, Argentina). The logistics and cost of an order-of-magnitude increase in ground array aperture is prohibitive. In the literature, radar detection experiments have been proposed but substantial results have not been reported. Here, we describe our plans to build and test a bistatic radar facility overlapping the Telescope Array (TA) in Delta, Utah. We have obtained an FCC license to broadcast a constant wave 54.1~MHz signal over the large TA ground array, with radar echoes to be received at our detection facility on the far side of the array. Systems monitoring and data logging systems are currently being developed. Our immediate goal is to detect cosmic rays in coincidence with TA by reflecting radar signals from the air shower ion core. Through subsequent detector advances we will seek to determine air shower geometry and energy. Speaker: Mr Isaac Myers (University of Utah Department of Physics and Astronomy) • 4:30 PM Constrains of Extragalactic Background Light expected from observation of distant metagalactic sources 1739+522 (z=1.375) and 3c454.3 (z=0.859) (by SHALON Cherenkov telescopes). 1h Extragalactic diffuse background radiation blocks the propagation of TeV γ-ray over large distances (z>0.1) by producing electron-positron pairs. As a result, primary spectrum of gamma-source is changed, depending on spectrum of background light. So, a hard spectra of Active Galactic Nuclei with high red shifts of 0.03 – 1.8 allow to determine an absorption by Extragalactic Background Light and thus spectrum of EBL. The redshifts of SHALON very high energy gamma-ray sources range from z=0.0183 to z=1.375. During the period 1992 – 2010, SHALON has been used for observations of the metagalactic sources NGC1275 (z=0.0183), SN2006gy (z=0.019), Mkn421 (z=0.031), Mkn501 (z=0.034), Mkn180 (z=0.046), OJ 287 (z=0.306), 3c454.3 (z=0.895), 1739+522 (z=1.375). Among them bright enough AGNs of BLLac type (Mkn421, Mkn 501) and FSRQ type (3c454.3, 1739+522) those spectra are resolved in the TeV energy band from 1 to ~20-30 TeV. Spectral energy distributions and images of distant Active Galactic Nuclei are presented. Spectral energy distribution of Extragalactic Background Light constrained from observations of Mkn421 (z=0.031), Mkn501 (z=0.034) 3c454.3 (z=0.859) and 1739+522(z=1.375) together with models and measurements are presented. Observations of distant metagalactic sources have shown that the Universe is more transparent to very high-energy gamma-rays than previously believed. Speaker: Dr Vera Yurievna Sinitsyna (P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute) • 4:30 PM Cosmic ray composition around the knee. 1h The Ne spectra for EAS and EAS with gamma-families are analyzed (Experiment "Hadron"-Tien-Shan).Presence thin structure (peaks) in EAS spectrum with gamma-families and necessity of simultaneous approximation of two spectra (EAS and EAS+γ) essentially the same mass composition limits possible models of nucleus individual spectra. The elementary variant of model when spectra of all five nuclear groups are similar is considered. Satisfactory approximation of both spectra Ne for EAS and EAS with gamma-families turns out in the assumption of magnetic rigidity of a break in spectra R=0.13 PV and presence of two peaks in the nuclear spectra at values of magnetic rigidity R=0.13 and 5.4 PV. This form of nuclear spectra permits to suggest two component CR composition. Presence of peaks in the nuclear spectra is explained by the contribution of radiation of single close source CR. Speaker: Prof. Sergey Shaulov (FIAN) • 4:30 PM Extensive air shower simulation for the Telescope Array surface detector 1h The history of ultra-high energy cosmic ray observation is now approaching 50 years. However, until quite recently, the full simulation of an extensive air shower was computationally impossible due to the vast quantity of daughter particles involved. However, with the advent of modern cluster computing, simulations that once would have taken years to complete can be done in a matter of hours or even minutes. Full shower simulations produced by a parallelization scheme employing the Karlsruhe Extensive Air Shower Simulation Code (CORSIKA) will be presented in conjunction with a dethinning'' technique that attempts to recover information lost by the CORSIKA statistical thinning algorithm. Detailed comparisons between simulated and real event sets will then be presented Speaker: Dr Benjamin Stokes (University of Utah) • 4:30 PM Fluctuation of TeV to EeV Energy Muons and the induced muon showers in Water 1h By using the integral methods in the muon propagation through water, we calculate the range fluctuation of high and ultra high energy muons. Many authors divide all radiative processes into two part, namely, the continuous part and stochastic part in their Monte Carlo simulation in order to consider the fluctuation in the both range and energies of the muons, while we treat all radiative processes as exactly as possible, without the introduction of the continuous parts in all radiative processes. The validity of our Monte Carlo method is checked by the corresponding analytical method which is methodologically independent on the Monte Carlo procedure. Accompanied electromagnetic showers are generated by the direct electron pair production, bremsstrahlung and photo-nuclear interaction. These showers are calculated by the exact Monte Carlo Method in one dimensional way. We report survival probabilities, their differential energy distributions, range distributions and examples of individual muon behavior. Speaker: Dr Nobusuke Takahashi (Hirosaki University) • 4:30 PM High-energy atmospheric neutrinos 1h High-energy neutrinos, arising from decays of mesons that were produced through the cosmic rays collisions with air nuclei, form unavoidable background noise in the astrophysical neutrino detection problem. The atmospheric neutrino flux above 1 PeV should be supposedly dominated by the contribution of charmed particle decays. These (prompt) neutrinos originated from decays of massive shortlived particles,$D^\pm$,$D^0$,$\overline{D}{}^0$,$D_s^\pm$,$\Lambda^+_c, compose the most uncertain fraction of the high-energy atmospheric neutrino flux because of poor explored processes of the charm production. Besides, an ambiguity in high-energy behavior of pion and especially kaon production cross sections for nucleon-nucleus collisions may affect essentially the calculated neutrino flux. There is the energy range where above flux uncertainties superimpose. A new calculation presented here reveals sizable differences, up to the factor of 1.8 above 1 TeV, in muon neutrino flux predictions obtained with usage of known hadronic models, SIBYLL 2.1 and QGSJET-II. This calculation of the atmospheric neutrino flux in the energy range 10 GeV-10 PeV is made within 1D approach to solve nuclear cascade equations in the atmosphere, which takes into account non-scaling behavior of the inclusive cross-sections for the particle production, the rise of total inelastic hadron-nucleus cross-sections and nonpower law of the primary cosmic ray spectrum. This approach was recently tested in the atmospheric muon flux calculations [Astropart. Phys. 30 (2008) 219]. The results of the neutrino flux calculations are compared with the Frejus, AMANDA-II and IceCube measurement data. Speaker: Prof. Sergei Sinegovsky (Institute of Applied Physics, Irkutsk State University) • 4:30 PM Impact of X-Ray Emulsion Chamber Response on Gamma-Family Observable Characteristics 1h Analysis of various data accumulated in X-ray emulsion chamber experiments, especially, data on gamma–hadron families with unusual characteristics (Centauros, aligned events etc.), requires a comprehensive computer code to simulate propagation of electromagnetic and various-type hadron particles through a sandwich-like medium of emulsion chambers as well as measuring procedures employed for emulsion chamber data processing. Such a new code, ECSim 2.1, has been recently elaborated on the basis of GEANT 3.21 package. As compared to the latter, the ECSim 2.1 takes into account the LPM effect for gamma-rays and electrons, uses new cross sections of muon interactions of different types allowing also for the LPM effect in pair generation, incorporates QGSJET or MC0/FANSY models for simulation of high-energy hadron interactions and accounts for production and interactions of charm particles. Besides, measuring and data treatment procedures employed in the Pamir experiment are simulated properly. An impact of X-Ray emulsion chamber response on gamma-family observable characteristics is discussed. Speaker: Dr Alexander Borisov (P.N.Lebedev Physical Institute, RAS) • 4:30 PM Integrated circuit of coordinate detector for detection of charged particles 1h New-type coordinate detector is considered which is based on special-purpose integrated circuit designed for detection of charged particles, local amplification and direct transmission of signal into computer. It is shown that such detectors make it possible to achieve a higher coordinate determination accuracy and processing speed as well as to bring down their cost as compared with modern detectors. It is possible to manufacture mosaic-structure large-sized detector panels with an active area-to-dead area ratio of not lower than ten. Detectors of this type could be applied in future space and balloon experiments. Speaker: Prof. Rauf Mukhamedshin (Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Science) • 4:30 PM Modern status of high-mountain three-level ATHLET complex 1h Three-level (3340, 1750 and 850 m a.s.l) ATHLET (Almaty Three Level Experimental Technique) complex is built up for investigations in fields of cosmic ray (CR) physics, astrophysics and gamma-ray astronomy of superhigh energies. The ATHLET’s highest part has to include a) 1-km2-area ADRON-M facility with a “dense” location of detectors to detect electromagnetic, hadron, muon, neutron and radio EAS components with a high accuracy (~1 m) of determination of shower axes; b) specific shower array located at angle of ~45 degrees to detect showers in a wide range of zenith angles; c) GROZA complex for studying the nature of lightnings; d) “Muon beam” facility and classic seismic arrangements; e) a large instrumental complex to study low-energy components. Physical investigation goals are as follows. 1) Astrophysics of cosmic rays (energetic spectrum and mass composition of primary cosmic radiation at E0 = 10^14 – 2x10^18 eV). 2) Gamma-ray astronomy (at E>50 TeV) (by selecting muonless, hadronless and neutronless showers). 3) Study of high-energy hadron interactions with atmosphere nuclei and selection of models which could describe EAS observable features in the best way. 4) Search for new phenomena. 5) Analysis of relations between neutron physics and EAS. 6) Mechanisms of lightning discharge and their connection with EAS and other CR-induced phenomena, 7) Solar radiation and “cosmic weather”. 8) Seismology and EAS. Modern status of detectors of the ATHLET complex is considered. Speaker: Prof. Rauf Mukhamedshin for ATHLET Collaboration (Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Science) • 4:30 PM Multiparticle production in nucleus-nucleus interactions at 14.6 A GeV 1h We present our observations on the various features from the 855 interactions of 14.6 A GeV 28Si in nuclear emulsion. Multiplicity distribution, mean multiplicities, multiplicity correlations of black, grey, shower and helium fragments are studied in this investigation. A comparative study of the results obtained from the interactions at 14.6 A GeV with other available data at the different energies per nucleon is also presented, which shows a good agreement with our experimental data. The study shows that production of grey particles has a linear dependence with shower particle multiplicity where as black particles exhibit a saturation effect, which describe the impact parameter dependence very well. Speaker: Mr Ashwini Kumar (Banaras Hindu University) • 4:30 PM Nucleon electromagnetic structure functions in extremely small x-region 1h We present results of caslculations of transverse and longitudinal cross sections of photoabsorption on the nucleon target, in a broad region of very small Bjorken x values and not very large photon virtualities, using the two-component model developed by authors in their previous works. The model is based on the generalized vector dominance concept and color dipole approaches. The detailed comparison of the theoretical predictions with the HERA data is given. Speaker: Prof. Edgar Bugaev (Institute for Nuclear Research) • 4:30 PM On the origins of the highest energy cosmic rays 1h Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) appear to be the most plausible source of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), yet there is currently no conclusive evidence for this hypothesis. Correlation between the arrival directions of some UHECRs and the positions of nearby AGNs has been reported for a sample of 27 UHECRs detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory (PAO 2007), although analyses of larger samples find a weaker signal (PAO 2010). Here we present a fully Bayesian analysis of the original PAO data, which makes use of more of the available information, and find, with 3 sigma confidence, that a subset of observed UHECRs originate from known AGNs listed in the Veron-Cetty and Veron (2006) AGN catalogue. We will extend our analysis to more homogeneous AGN catalogues such as the Swift BAT sample. Speaker: Ms Laura Watson (Imperial College London) • 4:30 PM On the Positron Fraction in Cosmic Rays and Models of Cosmic-Ray Propagation 1h The positron fraction observed by PAMELA and other experiments up to ~100 GeV is analyzed in terms of models of cosmic-ray propagation. It is shown that generically we expect the positron fraction to reach ~0.6 at energies of several TeV, and its energy dependence bears an intimate but subtle connection with that of the boron to carbon ratio in cosmic rays. The observed positron fraction can be fit in a model that assumes a significant fraction of the boron below ~10 GeV is generated through spallation of cosmic-ray nuclei in a cocoon-like region surrounding the sources, and the positrons of energy higher than a few GeV are almost exclusively generated through cosmic-ray interactions in the general interstellar medium. Such a model is consistent with the bounds on cosmic-ray anisotropies and other observations. Speaker: Mr Benjamin Burch (Washington University in St. Louis) • 4:30 PM Phenomenological approach to multiple particle production (2) 1h In our previous presentation we showed how well the rapidity density distributions and the transverse momentum (p_{T}) distributions at sqrt{s}=22.4, 546 and 1800 GeV are described by our phenomenological formulation. Based on the energy dependence of the values of the parameters, which are obtained by fitting the calculated distributions to those of the experiments, we examine how the present formulation describes the energy dependence of the p_{T} average, that of the multiplicity and the local p_{T} average along the rapidity y* in the forward region, obtained by UA7 Collaboration at sqrt{s}=630 GeV. Extrapolating the energy dependence of the parameters into higher energies, we discuss the multiplicity, inelasticity and the pseudo-rapidity density distribution at sqrt(s)=1.4 x 10^{3} GeV (LHC energy) and 4.5 x 10^{5} GeV (10^{20} eV in the laboratory energy), together with predictions by several models of multiple particle production. Speaker: Dr AKINORI OHSAWA (Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo.) • 4:30 PM Pion Production Cross-section Measurements in p+C Collisions at the CERN SPS for Understanding Extensive Air Showers 1h An important approach to studying high-energy cosmic rays is the investigation of the properties of extensive air showers; however, the lateral distribution of particles in simulations of such showers strongly depends on the applied model of low-energy hadronic interactions. It has been shown that many constraints to be applied to these models can be obtained by studying identified-particle spectra from accelerator collisions, in the energy range of the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. Here we present measurements of the pion production cross-section obtained by the NA61/SHINE experiment at the SPS, in proton-carbon collisions at the beam energy of 30 GeV from the years: 2007 and 2009. Further analyses of identified-particle yields in SHINE, in particular with a pion beam, are in preparation. Speaker: Dr Marek Szuba (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) • 4:30 PM Search Sources of Cosmic Rays Ultrahigh Energy 1h The arrival directions of ultrahigh energy extensive air showers (EAS) by Yakutsk, AGASA and P. Auger data are considered. For the first time, the arrival directions of extensive air showers of ultrahigh energy, registered by Yakutsk EAS array more carefully are considered. It is found that the arrival directions of EAS Yakutsk data are correlated with pulsars from side Input of Local Arm Galaxy Orion. Also it is found that from this side the arrival directions of EAS by data AGASA are correlated with pulsars, the arrival directions of EAS by data P.Auger are correlated with pulsars from Outside of Local Arm Orion. It is shown the majority these pulsars have a short period of rotate around of their axes. The problem of cosmic ray origin is discussed. Speaker: Dr Aleksei A. Mikhailov (Yu.G. Shafer Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronomy) • 4:30 PM Spectral Analysis, and Hardness-ratios Correlations of SGR 1900+14 Bursts 1h In the present study, we inspecte a refined sample of 117 bursts from SGR1900+14 observed with RXTE, PCA. We use 10 spectral-models, and the best fitting spectral-models has been found statistically to be the thermal bremsstrahlung and the power-law. Data are analyzed more by model-independent techniques. The global color-color diagrams are obtained with no distinguishable patterns as other objects like accretion disk neutron stars. Strong global correlations for burst timing and spectral properties with hardness-ratios has been found, and the most interesting ones are those between total hardness-ratios (soft/hard) and the bursts’ total counts. That is, the hardness-ratio decreases; in the mean; with the burst-total-counts (more photons = softer spectrum.) Also this result is confirmed by the strong correlations obtained between bursts’ total-counts and both hot-zone temperature (kT) and photon index (). Classification of bursts depending on the burst-duration and the total photons-contained will be taken into consideration in our future studies of bursts. Speaker: Mr Mohammed Hasan Soleiman Yussef (Cairo University, Faculty of Science, Physics department.) • 4:30 PM Studies of Emitted Particles in Nucleus-Nucleus Interactions at 4.5 A GeV/c 1h Analysis has been done for the emitted particles in (12C, 16O, 22Ne, 28Si) + Emulsion interactions at (4.1-4.5) A GeV/c. The multiplicity of the emitted particles; as a function of the mass-number of the interacting projectiles nuclei; has been calculated. The multiplicity distribution and the average-values of the emitted particles (the experimental-values) are compared with that calculated values from Monte-Carlo simulation (the code developed at high-energy lab; Cairo university : “modified cascade evaporated model” (MCEM). Strong correlation between the number of the recoiled nucleons has been observed. An agreement has been shown between the experimental values and the theoretical calculated ones. Speaker: Prof. Sayed Saleh (Cairo University) • 4:30 PM Study of primary cosmic rays at superhigh energies on the lunar surface and circumlunar orbit 1h Mathematical model of experimental conditions on research for primary cosmic radiation (PCR) on the lunar surface and circumlunar orbit is considered. The fundamental possibility of detection of PCR particles is shown by the use of simultaneous detection of three components produced by cascades in the lunar regolith (secondary neutrons, gamma-ray and radio emission) measured by detectors placed on the lunar surface as well detectors located aboard a circumlunar-orbit scientific satellite. The “Neutronium” project combining these approaches is considered. Results of simulations are given Speaker: Prof. Rauf Mukhamedshin (Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Science) • 4:30 PM TeV emission from NGC1275 viewed by SHALON 15 year observations 1h Galaxy clusters have been consider as sources of TeV gamma-rays emitted by high-energy protons and electrons accelerated by large scale structure formation shocks, galactic winds, or active galactic nuclei. The Perseus cluster of galaxies is one of the best studied clusters due to its proximity and its brightness. Galaxy NGC 1275 is the central dominant galaxy of the Perseus Cluster of Galaxies and is of Seyfert galaxy class. NGC 1275 is known as powerful X-ray and radio source. Many studies explored correlations of X-ray radio optical and ultraviolet emission. In 1996 year a new metagalactic source was detected by SHALON at TeV energies. This object was identified with Seyfert galaxy NGC 1275 (with redshift z=0.0179); its image is presented. The maxima of the TeV gamma -ray, X-ray and radio emission coincide with the active nucleus of NGC 1275. In contrast, the X-ray and TeV emission disappears almost completely in the vicinity of the radio lobes. The correlation TeV with X-ray emitting regions was found whereas the integral gamma -ray flux for this source is found to be(0.78\pm0.13)\times10^{-12}cm^{-2}s^{-1}$at energies of$>0.8$TeV. The energy spectrum of NGC 1275 at 0.8 to 40 TeV can be approximated by the power law$F(> E_O) \propto E^k$, with$k=-2.25\pm0.10\$. The Seyfert galaxy NGC 1275 has been also observed with the Tibet Array (about 5 TeV) and then with Veritas telescope at energies about 300 GeV at 2009. The recent detection by the Fermi LAT of high-energy gamma-rays from the radio galaxy NGC 1275 makes the observation of the very high energy (E > 100 GeV) part of its broadband spectrum particularly interesting. The overall spectral energy distribution of NGC 1275 from the low energies to the TeV energies is presented. The spectrum of NGC 1275 from SHALON 15 year observations is also shown. The search for gamma-rays from radio galaxies is important for the understanding of the dynamics and structure of active galactic nuclei.
Speaker: Prof. Vera Georgievna Sinitsyna (P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute)
• 4:30 PM
The investigation of the hadronic interaction models using WILLI detector 1h
The WILLI detector, built in IFIN-HH Bucharest, in collaboration with KIT Karlsruhe, is a rotatable modular detector for measuring charge ratio for cosmic muons with energy < 1 GeV. It is under construction a mini-array for measuring the muon charge ratio in Extensive Air Showers. The EAS simulations have been performed with CORSIKA code. The values of the muon flux, calculated with semi-analytical formula, and simulated with CORSIKA code, based on DPMJET and QGSJET models for the hadronic interactions, are compared with the experimental data determined with WILLI detector. No significant differences between the two models and experimental data are observed. The measurements of the muon charge ratio for different angles-of-incidence, (performed with WILLI detector) shows an asymmetry due to the influence of magnetic field on muons trajectory; the values are in agreement with the simulations based on DPMJET hadronic interaction model. The simulations of muon charge ratio in EAS performed with CORSIKA code based on three hadronic interaction models (QGSJET2, EPOS and SYBILL) show relative small difference between models for H and for the Fe showers; the effect is more ronounced at higher inclination of WILLI detector. The future measurements should indicate which model is suitable.
Speaker: Dr Iliana Brancus (National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering Horia Hulubei)
• 4:30 PM
The Measured Spectrum of the Telescope Array's Middle Drum Detector 1h
The Telescope Array's Middle Drum fluorescence detector was constructed using refurbished telescopes from the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) experiment. As such, there is a direct comparison between these two experiments' fluorescence energy spectra. A progress report will be presented based on over 2 years of collected data by the Middle Drum site of Telescope Array.
Speaker: Mr Douglas Rodriguez (University of Utah)
• 4:30 PM
Threshold Cerenkov detector with Radial Segmentation ( TCDRS ) 1h
I present the prototype Threshold Cerenkov Detector with Radial Segmentation; as a part of the detector development and implementation research. The detector has three concentric cylinders, each with a different dielectric medium, and four scintillators that triggers cosmic particles with a time of fly of 5 ns. The radiator is designed to produce more photons as the particles travels into the TCDRS and fewer photons as it leaves. The correlation between the number of photons produced in the cylinders and the particle momentum allows particles separation of one sigma, for e, μ, π, κ, and p up to 5 GeV/c. Details of the TCDRS Monte Carlo, construction, data collection and data analysis are presented.
Speaker: Dr Ely Leon (Chicago State University)
• 4:30 PM
Two source emission behavior of projectile fragments alpha in 84Kr interactions at around 1 GeV per nucleon 1h
The emission of projectile fragments alpha has been studied in 84Kr interactions with nuclei of the nuclear emulsion detector composition at relativistic energy below 2 GeV per nucleon. The angular distribution of projectile fragments alpha in terms of transverse momentum could not be explained by a straight and clean-cut collision geometry hypothesis of Participant – Spectator (PS) Model. Therefore, it is assumed that projectile fragments alpha were produced from two separate sources that belong to the projectile spectator region differing drastically in their temperatures. It has been clearly observed that the emission of projectile fragments alpha are from two different sources. The contribution of projectile fragments alpha from contact layer or hot source is a few percent of the total emission of projectile fragments alphas. Most of the projectile fragments alphas are emitted from the cold source.
Speaker: Dr Venktesh SINGH (Banaras Hindu University, Varanas 221 005, INDIA)
• 4:30 PM
Ultra-High Energy Muon Neutrino Propagation through the Earth and Induced Muon Energy Distribution near the One Cubic Kilometer Detector 1h
We calculate high and ultra-high energy upward-going muon neutrino propagation through the Earth and the induced muon energy distribution near the one cubic kilometer detector using the Monte Carlo simulation, according to neutral current interaction. The primary neutrino energies on the surface of the Earth are 1PeV, 1EeV, and 1ZeV. The mean free paths of ultra-high energy neutrino events generated by the deep inelastic scattering may be comparable with the diameter of the Earth or less than it. Therefore, the induced muon production distribution is influenced by the change of the densities interior to the Earth. Furthermore, in such situation, the contribution from the neutral current neutrino interaction to the induced muon production distribution cannot be neglected. We report several examples of the deep inelastic scattered depth of muon neutrino in the Earth and the induced muon energy distribution near the detector.
Speaker: Dr Nobusuke Takahashi (Hirosaki University)
• Wednesday, 30 June
• 8:30 AM 10:05 AM
Sensitivity of Monte Carlo models to data: 2 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
Convener: Dr Paolo Lipari (INFN Roma 1)
• 8:30 AM
New Development in EPOS 2 15m
Since 2006, EPOS hadronic interaction model is being used for very high energy cosmic ray analysis. Designed for minimum bias particle physics and used to have a precise description of SPS and RHIC heavy ion collisions, EPOS brought more detailed description of hadronic interactions in air shower development. Thanks to this model it was possible to understand why there was less muons in air shower simulations than observed in real data. With the start of the LHC era, a better description of hard processes and collective effects is needed to understand deeply the incoming data. I will describe the basic physics in EPOS and the new developments and constraints which are taken into account in EPOS 2, and their consequences on air shower development.
Speaker: Dr Tanguy Pierog (KIT, IK)
• 8:45 AM
KASCADE-Grande is a large detector array for the measurement of cosmic ray air showers in the primary energy range of 100 TeV to 1 EeV. Due to the multi-detector concept of the experimental set-up, various observables of the electromagnetic, the muonic and for lower primary energies also the hadronic particle component are measured for individual air showers. The experimental data are compared to predictions of CORSIKA simulations using high-energy hadronic interaction models (e.g. QGSJET or EPOS), as well as low-energy interaction models (e.g. FLUKA or GHEISHA). This contribution will summarize the results of such investigations. In particular, the validity of the new EPOS version 1.99 for EAS with energy around 100 PeV will be discussed.
Speaker: Dr Donghwa Kang (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)
• 9:00 AM
Relation of Interaction Characteristics at Ultra-High Energies to Extensive Air Shower Observables 15m
Only by measurement of extensive air showers it is possible to explore the nature of cosmic ray particles at the highest energies. Most properties can only be obtained from the interpretation of air shower data and are thus depending on predictions of hadronic interaction models at ultra-high energies. We discuss different scenarios of model extrapolations from accelerator data to air shower energies and investigate their impact on the corresponding air shower predictions. For this purpose we developed an ad hoc model, which is based on the modification of the output of standard hadronic interaction event generators within the air shower simulation process. This model allows us to study the impact of changing interaction features on the air shower development. In a systematic study we demonstrate the resulting changes of important air shower observables and discuss them also in terms of the predictions of the Heitler model of air shower cascades.
Speaker: Dr Ralf Ulrich (PSU)
• 9:15 AM
Consequences of the LHC results in the interpretation of gama ray families and giant EAS data 15m
Present results of the LHC (up to 26 PeV in the Lab. system) are a very small lever arm for the extrapolation of models up to 100 EeV. However, the measurements of CMS exhibit a central pseudo rapidity density larger than the prediction of the different models. Introducing on this basis new guidelines, with larger multiplicities in the models inserted in thesimulation, we examine the consequences for gamma ray families and very large EAS. A special attention is given to the coplanar emission observed near 10 PeV : the case of large Pt's generated during the fragmentation of relativistic strings involving valence diquarks (partonic model+Schwinger mechanism)is explored as a possible source of alignments at this energy. At larger energies , the effects of those circumstances in the interaction fragmentation region are investigated, together with large multiplicities, as the possible origin of the small penetration power of proton initiated showers in the atmosphere. Associated statisticalbias generated by a sharp knee or ankle in the primary spectrum are also considered.
Speaker: Prof. Jean-Noël CAPDEVIELLE (APC, CNRS-University Paris Diderot)
• 9:30 AM
Sibyll with Charm 15m
The cosmic ray interaction event generator Sibyll is widely used in extensive air shower simulations for cosmic ray and neutrino experiments. Charm particle production has been added to the Monte Carlo with a phenomenological, non-perturbative model that properly accounts for charm production in the forward direction. As prompt decays of charm can become a significant background for neutrino detection, proper simulation of charm particles is very important. We compare charm meson and baryon production to accelerator data.
Speaker: Dr Eun-Joo Ahn (Fermilab)
• 9:45 AM
Phenomenological approach to multiple particle production (1) 20m
We describe the rapidity density distribution and the transverse momentum (p_{t}) distribution in multiple particle production, assuming a simple mechanism. It is an assumed mechanism that the newly produced particles are emitted isotropically from several emitting centers which are distributed on the rapidity axis in CMS. The energy distribution of the emitted particles is an exponential type in the rest frame of respective emitting centers. The distribution of the emitting centers is uniform between -y_{0} and y_{0} (y_{0}=ln(sqrt{s}/M)-lna_{2}, a_{2} an adjustable parameter). We can obtain the rapidity density distribution analytically, which can be transformed easily to the pseudo-rapidity density distribution and x-distribution. The rapidity density distribution and the p_{T} distribution by the present formulation describes well those of the experiments at various energies by adjusting values of the parameters (five in total). We show how well the experimental data at sqrt{s}=22.4, 546, and 1800 GeV are described by the present formulation.
Speaker: Dr AKINORI OHSAWA (Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo.)
• 10:05 AM 10:35 AM
Extensive air shower experiments: 1 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
Convener: Prof. Gaurang Yodh (University of California Irvine)
• 10:05 AM
Cosmic ray data and their interpretation: the Tibet hybrid EAS experiment -- Primary energy spectra of Cosmic Rays at the knee and tests of hadronic interaction models -- 30m
The Tibet hybrid air shower experiment is composed by an air-shower core detector array and the air-shower array (and a large muon detector from October, 2010), that has been operated at Yangbajing (4300 m above sea level) in Tibet, China, since 1996. This multi-detector system is used for the search for high energy celestial gamma-ray and cosmic ray sources, and for the study of the chemical composition as well as the energy spectra of nuclear-components in the knee region. Both are aimed to investigate the origin of high energy cosmic rays through different approaches. In this talk, based on the chemical composition and the energy spectra of some individual nuclear components around the knee, we would like to discuss the sharp knee observed by our experiment and its relation with the contribution of possibly existing nearby source(s). We would also discuss the check of currently used hadronic interaction models by using new Tibet hybrid experimental data. We also plan to build a ground based large and complexγ/CR observatory at high altitude (4300m a.s.l.) within 10 years.
Speaker: Prof. Yuqian Ma (IHEP)
• 10:35 AM 11:05 AM
coffee break 30m Outside One West
### Outside One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 11:05 AM 12:35 PM
Extensive air shower experiments: 2 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
Convener: Prof. Gaurang Yodh (University of California Irvine)
• 11:05 AM
The present status of the GRAPES-3 experiment 30m
The GRAPES-3 experiment is a high density array of 400 plastic scintillator detectors and a large (560 sq.m.) area muon detector located at Ooty at an altitude of 2200 m above sea level. The primary objective of this experiment is to study the high energy processes occurring in the universe through a systematic study of composition of primary cosmic rays below and above the knee', compact sources of multi-TeV gamma rays, diffuse flux of gamma rays and the solar accelerator through the impact of coronal mass ejections, solar flares etc. To achieve these objectives extensive in-house development of necessary instrumentation including plastic scintillator and high-speed signal processing electronics has been carried out. The development of high performance TDC and silicon photo-multiplier have the potential to complete change the nature of scientific problems that can now be addressed. During the talk some of these aspects would be highlighted.
Speaker: Prof. Sunil Gupta (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research)
• 11:35 AM
Results from the GAMMA experiment on Mt. Aragats - improved data 30m
Status of the GAMMA experiment is presented. The all-particle energy spectrum of the primary cosmic rays at energies 1 – 300 PeV has been obtained on the basis of the GAMMA experimental improved data. The irregularities of the energy spectrum above the knee are discussed in comparison with other experiments. An upper limit of Galactic diffuse gamma ray flux measured with the GAMMA experiment at energy about 175 TeV is also discussed.
Speaker: Dr Romen Martirosov (Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia)
• 12:05 PM
Cosmic Ray Physics with IceTop and IceCube 30m
IceTop air shower array, as the surface component of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole, is now 92% complete and taking data with 73 stations. The detector will study the mass composition of primary cosmic rays from the knee up to about 1 EeV. In this talk the performance of IceTop, and the preliminary results in the energy range of 1 PeV to 80 PeV will be reported.
Speaker: Dr Serap Tilav (University of Delaware)
• 12:35 PM 1:30 PM
lunch 55m Cafeteria
### Cafeteria
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 1:30 PM 3:30 PM
Laboratory Tour Starting at Atrium / Main Entrance
### Starting at Atrium / Main Entrance
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 3:30 PM 4:00 PM
coffee break 30m Outside One West
### Outside One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 4:00 PM 5:00 PM
Colloquium One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 4:00 PM
The Composition of Cosmic Rays: Questions, Surprises, and Recent Answers 1h
Even though cosmic rays have been observed for almost a century, they remain enigmatic messengers from distant regions in space, and many questions about their origin and acceleration are still open. Details of the composition and of the energy spectra of the individual components are required to find answers, but are increasingly difficult to obtain with increasing particle energies. We will review the present knowledge, emphasizing the energy region below the “knee” where direct observations are possible, and discuss current measurements, their implications, and future prospects. We also will discuss some of the challenges that are associated with recently reported data on rare components such as electrons, positrons, and anti-protons.
Speaker: Prof. Dietrich Müller (University of Chicago)
• Thursday, 1 July
• 8:30 AM 9:30 AM
Extensive air shower experiments: 3 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
Convener: Prof. Suresh Tonwar (University of Maryland)
• 8:30 AM
The study of the cosmic ray energy spectrum in the interval 10^16 eV - 10^18 eV results of particular importance for several reasons, one of them is the possible existence of a second knee, other one is the possible presence of a galactic-extragalactic transition in the cosmic ray flux and another one is the prediction from some astrophysical models of a knee in the energy spectrum of the heavy component of galactic cosmic rays. To address these questions precise measurements of the arrival direction, energy and composition of cosmic rays in this energy regime need to be performed. For this purpose the KASCADE-Grande air-shower detector was built at the place of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. The detector covers a 0.5 km^2 surface with different arrays of detectors which allows to measure simultaneously the charged and muon components of the air-shower events. With this information a lot can be learned about the composition and energy of the primary cosmic ray particles. In this talk, the KASCADE-Grande detector is described and first results of the experiment are shown, mainly about the all-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum in the energy region from 10^16 eV to 10^18 eV.
Speaker: Dr Juan Carlos Arteaga-Velázquez (Instituto de Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Michoacana)
• 9:00 AM
Study of the longitudinal development of extensive air showers with the Muon Tracking Detector in KASCADE-Grande. 15m
The Muon Tracking Detector (MTD) in KASCADE-Grande experiment measures with high accuracy muon directions in EAS (Emu>800MeV). In addition, shower directions are determined by the surface detectors with high precision. These two conditions allow to study shower longitudinal development by means of quantities like muon production heights and muon pseudorapidities and lateral distributions of muon densities. Results of such investigations will be shown between 10^15 eV and 10^17 eV, for data and simulations based on CORSIKA with QGSJetII+Fluka2002.4 model combination and the new EPOS version 1.99. The muon pseudorapidity distributions will be studied in the predefined distance range to the shower core and compared to the simulations as well.The pseudorapidity distributions for muons which stem from above 15 km muon production height and which stem very likely from the first interactions are studied in more detail also in the context of geometric scaling in the near LHC energy range. This work was supported in part by the German-Polish bilateral collaboration grant (PPP-DAAD/MNiSW) for the years 2009-2010
Speaker: Dr Paul Doll (KIT-Karlsruhe)
• 9:15 AM
Behaviour of the EAS age parameter in the knee energy region 15m
We review the different definitions of the age parameter used in the lateral and longitudinal electron distributions. In order to remove ambiguities in the interpretation of the experimental data, we have compared simulations with CORSIKA carried simultaneously with the options NKG and EGS. The effect of the positron annihilation cross section missing in the NKG approach is pointed out for small and inclined EAS, near the axis ; the consequences of the electrons coming from muon decay at large distances from axis are also underlined. Distinguishing the longitudinal, lateral and local age parameters, correspondances and conversions between the 3 categories are inferred from the simulations. Finally, the age parameter derived by fitting the lateral profile of the electron distribution, is confirmed as a good indicator of the primary composition and the hadronicity of the cascade as far as some conditions are fullfilled concerning bands of istances to the axis and zenith angle, dependant slightly on the primary energy (examples in the interpretation from Kascade and Akeno data).
Speaker: Prof. Jean-Noël CAPDEVIELLE (APC, CNRS-University Paris Diderot)
• 9:30 AM 10:05 AM
Experiments above the Ankle: 1 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
Convener: Prof. Dietrich Muller (University of Chicago)
• 9:30 AM
Final Results from the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) Experiment 35m
Final results from the HiRes experiment on the spectrum, composition and anisotropy of ultra-high energy cosmic rays will be presented. Stereo and monocular data analysis will be described. The HiRes experiment has observed the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin cutoff. This analysis and evidence for a light composition of cosmic rays to the highest energies will be presented. Recent results on anisotropy relative to large scale structure of the universe will also be discussed.
Speaker: Prof. Pierre Sokolsky (University of Utah)
• 10:05 AM 10:35 AM
coffee break 30m Outside One West
### Outside One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 10:35 AM 12:20 PM
Experiments above the Ankle: 2 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
Convener: Prof. Dietrich Muller (University of Chicago)
• 10:35 AM
Results from the Pierre Auger Observatory 35m
The Pierre Auger Observatory in the southern site of Mendoza, Argentina is the largest cosmic ray detector ever built. Since its completion in 2008, the Observatory is steadily taking data with 3000 km**2 of active detection area, accumulating an unprecedented statistics of high quality events. Results are presented on the energy spectrum of cosmic rays from 10**18 eV to the highest energy, on the anisotropy of the arrival direction of the highest energy cosmic rays, and on the nature and composition of cosmic rays.
Speaker: Prof. Paolo Privitera (University of Chicago)
• 11:10 AM
Measurement of UHECRs by the Telescope Array (TA) experiment 25m
The Telescope Array (TA) experiment, located in the west desert of Utah, USA, observes ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) with energies above 10^18.5 eV. TA employs a surface detector (SD) array and 3 batteries of fluorescence detectors (FDs) to measure extensive air showers. The direction and the energy of incoming cosmic rays are measured by both detectors, and the results can be cross checked. The primary composition can be determined by the longitudinal shower development measured by the FD and the muon content inferred at the SD. A full detector is running since May, 2008. The design and the performance of TA, its operational status and the first year results will be presented in the meeting.
Speaker: Prof. Masaki Fukushima (ICRR, Univ. Tokyo)
• 11:35 AM
The Telescope Array Low Energy Extension (TALE) 15m
The Telescope Array (TA) experiment is the largest cosmic ray detector in the northern hemisphere. It also operates the largest scintillation counter array in the world. Together with the three fluorescence detectors (FDs), it is optimized to study cosmic rays as independent detectors and in hybrid mode at energies above the ankle structure. The TA low energy extension will add two additional fluorescence detectors along with an infill array. The first of these will operate in stereoscopic view with an existing TA FD to study in detail the 0.3-30 EeV range around the ankle, with more than a factor of five improvement in aperture at 1 EeV over HiRes. The Tower fluorescence detector, using larger mirrors, will operate in hybrid mode with the infill surface array to measure the spectrum, composition, and anisotropy of cosmic rays down to 30 PeV, well below the "second knee". Together, TA and TALE will be able to measure simultaneously all three known spectral features in the ultra high energy (UHE) regime. TALE will also study the transition from galactic to extragalactic cosmic ray flux, with fluorescence Xmax capabilities for the first time.
Speaker: Prof. Charles Jui (University of Utah)
• 11:50 AM
Analysis Techniques for the TA SD Detector 15m
Abstract: The Telescope Array experiment is the largest cosmic ray experiment in the northern hemisphere. It consists of a surface detector (SD) of 507 scintillation counters and three fluorescence stations overlooking the SD. We develop new techniques for estimating cosmic ray energies and calculating the aperture for TA SD which utilize an accurate CORSIKA Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of natural cosmic rays with appropriate energy spectrum, angular distribution, and composition so that the generated MC has all characteristics of the real data. The simulation is verified by detailed comparisons of MC distributions and fit results with those of the real data. Results of applying these analysis techniques to the actual TA SD data will be shown.
Speaker: Mr Dmitri Ivanov (Rutgers University)
• 12:05 PM
A Relation Between Charged Particles and Muons With Threshold Energy 1 GeV in Extensive Air Showers Registered at the Yakutsk EAS Array 15m
For a long time the three main components of extensive air showers have been measured at the Yakutsk array: the whole charged component, muons with e_{th} \ge 1 GeV and Cherenkov light. Using these data we reconstruct energy of primary cosmic particle (with quasi-colorimetric method), estimate the depth of shower maximum (by the shape of charged particles lateral distribution and a pulse shape of Cherenkov light response in differential detector, t_{1/2} ) and measure relative muon content at different core distances. In this work we consider a relation s_{mu} /s_{ch} between charged and muon components in showers and its fluctuations at fixed energies. The goal of this analysis is to make a comparison between experimental and computational data for different primaries and to obtain an estimation of cosmic rays mass composition in the ultra-high energy domain.
Speaker: Dr Stanislav Knurenko (Yu. G. Shafer Institute of cosmophysical research and aeronomy, SB RAS)
• 12:20 PM 1:20 PM
lunch 1h Cafeteria
### Cafeteria
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 1:20 PM 2:05 PM
Experiments above the Ankle: 3 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
Convener: Prof. Jean-Noel Capdevielle (CNRS)
• 1:20 PM
The Depth of Maximum Shower Development and Its Fluctuations: Cosmic Ray Mass Composition at E<sub>0</sub> ≥ 10<sup>17</sup> eV 15m
We present a new data on Cherenkov light observations obtained during 1994-2009 period, after a modernization of the Yakutsk EAS array. A complex analysis of x_{max} and its fluctuations \sigma(x_{max}) was performed in a wide energy range. With the new data, accord- ing to QGSJet II model, an estimation was made of cosmic rays mass composition for E_0 \sim 10^{17} - 3 \times 10^{19} eV. The result points towards a mixed composition with a large portion of heavy nuclei at E_{0} \sim 10^{17} eV and the dominance of light nuclei at E_{0} \sim 1019 eV. The analysis of \sigma(x_max) energy dependence for the same energies qualitatively confirms this result. A shape of xmax distribution at fixed energy 1018 eV is analysed to make more precise conclusion on cosmic ray mass composition.
Speaker: Dr Stanislav Knurenko (Yu. G. Shafer Institute of cosmophysical research and aeronomy, SB RAS)
• 1:35 PM
The MIDAS Experiment: A New Technique for the Detection of Extensive Air Showers 15m
Recent measurements suggest free electrons created in ultra-high energy cosmic ray extensive air showers (EAS) can interact with neutral air molecules producing Bremsstrahlung radiation in the microwave regime. The microwave radiation produced is expected to scale with the number of free electrons in the shower, which itself is a function of the energy of the primary particle and atmospheric depth. Using these properties a calorimetric measurement of the EAS is possible. This technique is analogous to fluorescence detection with the added benefit of a nearly 100% duty cycle and practically no atmospheric attenuation. The Microwave Detection of Air Showers (MIDAS) prototype is currently being developed at the University of Chicago. MIDAS consists of a 53 feed receiver operating in the 3.6 to 4.2 GHz band. The camera is deployed on a 4.5 meter parabolic reflector and is instrumented with high speed power detectors and autonomous FPGA trigger electronics. We present the current status of the MIDAS instrument and an outlook for future development.
Speaker: Mr Christopher Williams (University of Chicago)
• 1:50 PM
AIRFLY: Precise measurement of the absolute yield of fluorescence photons in atmospheric gases 15m
We present preliminary results from the most recent data on the absolute yield of fluorescence photons in atmospheric gases by the AIRFLY collaboration. Currently, the uncertainty in the yield forms the dominant contribution to the systematic uncertainty in the Pierre Auger Observatory's energy spectrum, and are at the level of 10%. Data were taken in 2009 and 2010 at the test beam facility, M-Test, at Fermilab using protons, electrons and pions, in nitrogen, air, and in non fluorescing gases like argon, and helium. The instrument is operated in two main modes. In the first, fluorescence photons are observed, whereas in the second, both Cherenkov as well as fluorescence are observed. Comparisons of the ratio of these measurements, combined with the known Cherenkov spectrum allows for the absolute yield to be determined with reduced systematic uncertainties. In addition, the absolute yield is found by comparing the fluorescence yield to the observed photon yield of a NIST calibrated laser source directed into the apparatus. The consistency of these independent calibrations indicates that a systematic uncertainty of 5% or better is within reach.
Speaker: Dr Frederick Kuehn (Fermilab)
• 2:05 PM 3:30 PM
Emulsion chambers: 1 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 2:05 PM
On capability of high coordinate-resolution techniques to study superhigh-energy hadron-nuclear interactions 35m
Capability of high coordinate-resolution techniques to study features of hadron-nuclear interactions at superhigh-energies are considered by the example of X-ray emulsion chamber (XREC) techniques. Main results accumulated by this way are discussed. Sensitivity of this approach to hadron-nuclear interaction features is analyzed. Predictions for future LHC experiments are formulated. Some proposals on future experiments are given.
Speaker: Prof. Rauf Mukhamedshin (Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Science)
• 2:40 PM
Hadronic- and electromagnetic-cores of air-showers observed by hybrid experiments at high mountains 35m
The Chacaltaya hybrid experiment together with emulsion chamber and EAS-array can detect air-showers by the air-shower array, the accompanied atmospheric families (a bundle of high energy electrons and gamma-rays) by emulsion chambers and hadrons by burst detectors just under the emulsion chambers. We study overall characteristics of the experimental data, gamma-families and hadron burst accompanied by air-showers, by studying various correlations between the three observable data, i.e, between families and air-showers, between bursts and air-showers, and between families and bursts, comparing with those of CORSIKA simulations using interaction models of QGSJET, SIBYLL and EPOS. The analysis shows that changes of chemical composition alone can not describe the global characteristics of the Chacaltaya hybrid data. That is, distributions of family energies are favorable to heavy-dominant composition of primary cosmic-rays but lateral distributions of families are favorable to proton-dominant composition. The Chacaltaya hybrid data are also compared with those of Tien-Shan and Tibet hybrid experiments. There are some discrepancies among the three experimental data though the details of experimental procedure is different. Discussions are given on the possible reason of the disagreement by comparing these experimental data with simulations.
Speaker: Dr Masanobu Tamada (Kinki University)
• 3:15 PM
Analysis of one hadron rich event 15m
Analysis on a especial event with a main characteristics of Centauro type events, i.e. mean transverse momentum of hadrons in an order of 1 GeV/c will be presented. In spite of this event (Centauro V) doesn’t show the aspect of pioneer event (Centauro I), that is the upper part of the detector has more particles than the lower part, the event Centauro V shows other common characteristics of Centauro I. Both two events has same value for the ratio height/radius of the spread area of particles, besides similar slope of the fractionally energy distribution of hadrons. As the discrimination and identification of hadronic showers is crucial, the analysis evolved construction of some kind of score tables, obtained with the use of parametric and non parametric statistics analysis, observing the photosensitive material (X-ray Films and Nuclear Emulsion Plates) and the comparison with computer simulated events behaviour inside the detector. Authors: S.L.C.Barroso1, A.O.deCarvalho2, J.A.Chinellato2, A.Mariano2, E.J.T.Manganote2,3, E.C.F.P.Vicente2 and E.H.Shibuya2 1Departamento de Ciências Exatas/UESB, 45083-900 Vitória da Conquista, BA 2Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin'/UNICAMP, 13083-859 Campinas, SP 3Faculdade de Campinas/FACAMP, 13083-970 Campinas, SP
• 3:30 PM 4:00 PM
coffee break 30m Outside One West
### Outside One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 4:00 PM 4:30 PM
Poster Highlight Talks II One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 4:30 PM 5:30 PM
Poster Session II Atrium
### Atrium
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
The posters for this session are the same as for Poster Session I.
• 6:00 PM 9:00 PM
Symposium Dinner 3h Chez Leon - Users' Center
### Chez Leon - Users' Center
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
Thursday, July 1 – Chez Leon at the Users Center
Cocktails at 6 pm – cash bar
Dinner at 7 pm
The dinner is scheduled to for two hours and will end at 9 pm
Buses will leave at 9 pm
• Friday, 2 July
• 8:30 AM 9:05 AM
Emulsion chambers: 2 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
Convener: Prof. Akinori Ohsawa (University of Tokyo)
• 8:30 AM
“Some consequences of the results of cosmic ray investigations above the knee for LHC experiments ” 20m
During last tens years many unusual results which are very difficult to explain in frames of existing theories and models were obtained in cosmic ray investigations. But it is possible to explain all these results if to suppose that some new state of matter with effective mass about TeV and with large orbital momentum appears. This new state of matter can be, for example, quark-gluon plasma, some specific resonance state, principally new short-lived particle and even Higgs boson with very large mass (about TeV). In this talk, explanations of various unusual cosmic ray events in frame of this hypothesis are given and consequences for accelerator physics experiments (first of all, at LHC) are considered.
Speaker: Prof. Anatoly Petrukhin (National Research Nuclear University MEPhI)
• 8:50 AM
Proton Fraction in the PCR Flux at the Energy Range E_0=1-100 PeV According to the Pamir Experiment Data 15m
A detailed study of X-Ray emulsion chamber response with ECSim 2.1 computer package adopted from GEANT 3.21 code and suited for imitation of measuring procedures, employed in the Pamir experiment makes it possible to determine more accurately the proton fraction in the primary cosmic ray (PCR) flux at energies around the “knee” E_0=1-100 PeV. In particular, it is shown that the proton fraction in the PCR slowly decreases from 20% at E_0 ~ 1 PeV to 15% at E_0 ~ 10 PeV.
Speaker: Dr Alexander Borisov (P.N.Lebedev Physical Institute, RAS)
• 9:05 AM 10:05 AM
Anisotropy: 1 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 9:05 AM
Cosmic magnetic fields, and implications for HE particle anisotropies 45m
Speaker: Prof. Philipp Kronberg (LANL/University of Toronto)
• 9:50 AM
How dark matter cares about topological superstrings 15m
Non-trivial toplogical properties of string world sheets with three boundaries can give rise to superpotentials which preserve supersymmetry but violate R-symmetry by two units. This results in four point functions which permit s-wave annihilation of two neutralinos into gauge bosons. If the topological partition function is such as to allow saturation of the WMAP dark matter density for low string scales (M_s \sim 2 TeV), the annihilation into monochromatic gamma rays is predicted to lie about a factor of 2 below the current H.E.S.S. measurement of gamma ray flux from the galactic center. Thus, it may be detectable in the next round of gamma ray observations.
Speaker: Prof. Luis Anchordoqui (University of Wisconsin Milwaukee)
• 10:05 AM 10:30 AM
coffee break 25m Outside One West
### Outside One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 10:30 AM 11:30 AM
Anisotropy: 2 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 10:30 AM
Tev Cosmic Ray Anisotropy in Milagro 45m
Using the Milagro data from 2000 to 2007 containing more than 95 billion events (the largest such data set in existence), we performed a harmonic analysis of the large-scale cosmic-ray anisotropy. We observe an anisotropy with a magnitude around 0.1% for cosmic rays with a median energy of 6 TeV. The dominant feature is a deficit region of depth 0.25% in the direction of the Galactic North Pole centered at 189 degrees right ascension. In addition, we made an unexpected discovery of a localized cosmic-ray anisotropy, showing up as two high significance regions of excess cosmic rays. Recently, both Tibet AS Gamma and ARGO have confirmed similar excesses co-located with the Milagro regions. These features appear on an angular scale of ~10 degrees and have a harder than the background cosmic ray distribution, and the spectrum appears to cut off around 10 TeV. In this talk these results will be discussed as well as possible explanations for this surprising result.
Speaker: Dr Jordan Goodman (University of Maryland)
• 11:15 AM
Gamma ray signatures of ultrahigh energy cosmic ray sources in magnetized environments 15m
The quest for sources of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays has long been associated with the search of their secondary gamma ray signatures. While propagating, the former indeed produce very high energy photons through the interactions with particles of the intergalactic medium, or by synchrotron emission in the presence of substantial magnetic fields. We examine the prospects for the detectability of gamma ray counterparts of ultrahigh energy cosmic ray sources in a general case, exploring a wide range of astrophysical parameters. We demonstrate the fair robustness of the gamma ray flux according to these parameters and that its normalization ultimately depends on the energy injected in the primary cosmic rays. We show that only very powerful and rare sources could be detectable with the current and upcoming instruments. We further demonstrate that if the extended emission of this signature is resolved (which should be the case with Fermi and CTA), such a detection should provide a distinctive proof of the propagation of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. Finally, we also briefly discuss the detection of nearby sources, considering the radiogalaxy Cen A as a prototypical example.
Speaker: Dr Kumiko Kotera (University of Chicago)
• 11:30 AM 12:30 PM
Muons: 1 One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 11:30 AM
Measurement of cosmic muons - L3+C results 15m
The L3+C is a unique tool in detecting cosmic muons and measuring their momenta in the range of 15-3000 GeV/c. About 1.2 x 1010 cosmic muon events have been collected during its running period in 1999-2000. With these high quality data many results on cosmic rays and gamma rays have been obtained, for example, the measurement of the atmospheric muon spectrum and the muon charge ratio, the search for TeV anti-protons by the moon shadowing, the coincidence of muons with the solar flares, the search for transient flaring point sources by detecting the muon burst, the analysis of muon bundles and comparison to simulations, and so on. In this talk, above results as well as a few of remarks on the future muon experiment will be summarized and presented.
Speaker: Prof. Yuqian Ma (IHEP)
• 11:45 AM
Measurement of the charge ratio of atmospheric muons with the CMS detector 15m
A measurement is presented of the ratio of positive to negative muon fluxes from cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere, using data collected by the CMS detector at ground level and in the underground experimental cavern. Muons were detected in the momentum range from 3 GeV/c to 1 TeV/c. For muon momenta below 100 GeV/c the flux ratio is measured to be a constant 1.2766 ± 0.0032 (stat) ± 0.0032 (syst), the most precise measurement to date. At higher momenta an increase in the charge asymmetry is observed, in agreement with models of muon production in cosmic-ray showers and compatible with previous measurements by deep-underground experiments.
Speaker: Dr Gavin Hesketh (CERN)
• 12:00 PM
MINOS Cosmic Muon Results 15m
When high energy cosmic rays interact in the stratosphere, mesons are produced in the primary hadronic interactions. The MINOS experiment detects cosmic ray produced muons using two magnetized detectors at underground depths of 220 and 2080 mwe. The muon charge ratio and the variation of muon intensity with atmospheric temperature are used to obtain information on meson production by the primary cosmic rays in the atmosphere. The ratios of positive to negative pions, positive to negative kaons, and charged kaons to pions are obtained.
Speaker: Prof. Philip Schreiner (Benedictine University)
• 12:15 PM
Physics of high energy atmospheric muons 15m
In the first part of the talk the interesting new results of L3, MINOS and CMS collaborations are briefly discussed from theoretical point of view: an observational evidence of the rise in the muon charge ratio (L3 and MINOS data) at muon energies around 1 TeV and detailed studies of electromagnetic interactions of high energy muons (in a momentum range up to 1 TeV/c) in the medium of CMS detector. In the second part of the talk the recent calculations of atmospheric prompt lepton spectra are reviewed. The modern theoretical approaches to the problem of heavy quark production in high energy nucleon-nucleus interactions are briefly considered (color dipole formalism, saturation models). The recent new theoretical developments in the ancient problem of intrinsic charm are also discussed. The predictions for atmospheric muon spectrum in the region around 1 PeV (where the prompt muon contribution becomes to be dominant) are given.
Speaker: Prof. Edgar Bugaev (Institute for Nuclear Research)
• 12:30 PM 1:30 PM
lunch 1h Cafeteria
### Cafeteria
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 1:30 PM 3:30 PM
Summary lectures One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 1:30 PM
Experimental summary 40m
Speaker: Prof. Paul Sommers
• 2:10 PM
Theory summary 40m
Speaker: Prof. Angela Olinto
• 2:50 PM
Outlook 40m
Speaker: Prof. Francis Halzen
• 3:30 PM 4:00 PM
Director's Wine & Cheese 30m 2nd Floor Gallery
### 2nd Floor Gallery
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 4:00 PM 5:00 PM
Joint Experimental-Theoretical Physics Seminar One West
### One West
#### Fermilab
PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510
• 4:00 PM
Xmax from Auger and its interpretation 1h
Xmax, the depth of maximum number of charged particles in the atmosphere during the longitudinal development of an air shower, is a valuable parameter to understand the nature of cosmic rays. The behaviour of Xmax is closely related to the composition of the primary particle. Hadronic interaction models, which are tuned with accelerator data, are required to understand the composition. Hence past, present, and future accelerator data are crucial in shaping our understanding of cosmic rays. The southern Pierre Auger Observatory has observed nearly 4000 high quality events above 1 EeV with the fluorescence detector and at least one surface detector in coincidence. We describe the data collection criteria and the Xmax mean and fluctuations, and outline how cosmic rays can aid understanding of hadronic interactions beyond collider energy.
Speakers: Dr Eun-Joo Ahn (Fermilab), Dr Ralph Engel (KIT, Karlsruhe)
| 2020-09-26T10:03:09 |
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https://wiki.bnl.gov/rhicspin/Run_11_target_usage
|
# Run 11 target usage
Last modified by Dmitri Smirnov on 10-07-2012
For latest results and plots go to http://www.phy.bnl.gov/cnipol/summary/
For target thickness and other parameters go to Polarimetry/pC#Targets
A report on a target stress testing study is also available: doc
Approximate number of sweep measurements performed with each target
1 2 3 4 5 6 All
H V H V H V H V H V H V H V
Blue-1 Upstream 81 297 1 1 333 6 74 0 61 0 224 0 777 304
Yellow-1 Downstream 249 16 4 4 56 15 98 7 113 1 65 1 585 44
Blue-2 Downstream 175 49 3 4 41 118 1 75 6 19 1 219 227 484
Yellow-2 Upstream 74 355 6 8 52 178 1 5 41 8 17 116 191 670
Blue-1 Upstream Only 250 GeV measurements are shown. Measurements with vertical targets are shown with down-pointing triangles ${\displaystyle \bigtriangledown }$; whereas mesurements with horizontal targets are shown with up-pointing triangles ${\displaystyle \bigtriangleup }$.
Blue-1 Upstream Only 24 GeV measurements are shown. Measurements with vertical targets are shown with down-pointing triangles ${\displaystyle \bigtriangledown }$; whereas mesurements with horizontal targets are shown with up-pointing triangles ${\displaystyle \bigtriangleup }$.
Blue-1 Upstream Only 100 GeV measurements are shown. Measurements with vertical targets are shown with down-pointing triangles ${\displaystyle \bigtriangledown }$; whereas mesurements with horizontal targets are shown with up-pointing triangles ${\displaystyle \bigtriangleup }$.
# Summary from online
The following information is provided by Haixin.
```Blue1
H1 15081-15251 02/05 12:15PM - 02/28 12:43PM
H3 2/26 15111-15240 3/7 5:33PM-2/26 7:13AM
H5 3/29 15343-15368 3/25 9:14pm- 3/29 6:03PM
H2 3/29 15368-15368 3/29 9:10PM
H4 4/4 15368-15393 3/29 11:07PM-4/4 12:38PM
H6 15394-15475 4/4 12:44PM-4/19 10:01AM
V1 14807-15342 1/13 12:20AM-3/25 6:00PM
V3 14890-14891 only used for emit. measurements.
V5
V2
V4
V6
Blue2
V1 2/21 14807-15208 1/13 12:42AM- 2/21 5:53PM
V3 3/29 15210-15366 2/21 10:51PM-3/29 2:37AM lost in ramp measurement
V5 3/31 15366-15370 3/29 2:47AM-3/30 4:57AM
V2 3/30 15371 lost w/o use
V4 4/5 15373-15399 3/31 6:45AM-4/5 1:39PM
V6 15399-15475 4/5 4:51PM- 4/19 9:37AM
H1 3/23 14803-15325 1/10 10:48AM- 3/23 5:46AM
H3 15331-15342 3/23 01:11AM-3/25 6:03PM
H5 used on 3/29, too loose
H2
H4
H6
Yellow1
H1 2/27 14890-15246 1/22 1:17PM- 2/27 9:06AM
H3 3/3 15249-15267 2/27 4:56PM-3/3 10:30PM
H5 3/25 15267-15338 3/3 10:36PM-3/25 2:28AM
H2 3/25 lost w/o use 15338 3/25
H4 3/27 15359-15410 3/27 11:27AM- 4/7 12:41PM
H6 15378-15475 4/1 12:40AM- 4/18 10:27PM
V1 3/26 15221-15350 2/23 6:59PM-3/26 6:48PM
V3 3/26 15221 lost w/o use
V5 3/26 15353 lost w/o use
V2 3/26 15353 lost w/o use
V4 3/26 15356 lost w/o use only; used 2/13 for three measurements
V6 15166 2/13 6:54PM used once
Yellow2
V1 3/2 15015-15257 1/30 10:40AM-3/2 4:37PM
V3 3/30 15261-15369 3/3 4:06AM- 3/30 3:24AM
V5 3/30 15369-15370 3/30 3:41AM-3/30 8:05AM
V2 3/31 lost w/o use
V4 3/31 lost w/o use
V6 4/8 15375-15419 3/31 10:02AM- 4/8 1:44AM
H1 4/12 15342-15357 (3/25-3/27) 15424-15443 4/8 7:10PM-4/12 3:54PM
H3 4/16 15443-15466 4/12 4:05PM- 4/16 5:12AM
H5 15466-15473 4/13 7:58AM- 4/18 11:03AM
H2
H4
H6 15221 used in APEX 2/23 6:33PM-9:31PM
```
# Loose Targets
This information is provided by Billy Christie:
```B1V2 (10-187) Prerun comments: No comment Postrun comments: Very Loose
B1V3 (10-141) Prerun comments: Little Loose Postrun comments: Very Loose
B2H3 (10-200) Prerun comments: No comment Postrun comments: Very Loose
B1V1 (10-168) Prerun comments: Little Loose Postrun comments: N/a (the target did not survive the run)
```
There are only few measurements with B1V2 and B1V3. No good sweep measurements available with these two targets.
B2H3 indeed may have been giving a non-gaussian intensity profile for sweep measurements [1] [2] [3]
B1V1 was giving nice gaussian intensity profiles most of the times. [4] [5]
Last modified by Dmitri Smirnov on 10-07-2012
| 2022-05-27T21:49:43 |
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|
https://www.anl.gov/in-the-news-0?content-type=All&sort_by=created&sort_order=DESC&page=2
|
# In the News
## Filter Results
• ### New Effort to Link Plant Genes to Functions in Bioenergy Crops
Quantitative Plant Science Initiative led by Brookhaven Lab aims to decode functions of genes and their impacts on productivity to guide breeding, engineering of sustainable bioenergy crops.
• ### Random Boarding May Help Airlines Reduce Covid-19 Risks
Preliminary research based on computer simulations suggests that random boarding of aircraft, rather than back-to-front boarding may have an even greater impact, reducing exposure rates by about 50 percent.
| 2020-07-15T03:06:49 |
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|
https://www.anl.gov/topic/west-virginia
|
# West Virginia
## Filter Results
• ### Argonne-led collaborations pave the way for a greener tomorrow
Newly funded projects will contribute to innovative, advanced electric vehicle charging.
• ### Argonne set to oversee the Department of Energy’s new vehicle competition for college students
Argonne’s 30 years of success managing advanced vehicle technology competitions for the US Department of Energy has just been underscored with the announcement of The EcoCAR Mobility Challenge.
| 2021-12-06T21:16:35 |
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|
https://www.zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai%3Agarcke.harald
|
# zbMATH — the first resource for mathematics
## Garcke, Harald
Compute Distance To:
Author ID: garcke.harald Published as: Garcke, H.; Garcke, Harald External Links: MGP · Wikidata · GND
Documents Indexed: 145 Publications since 1993, including 5 Books
all top 5
#### Co-Authors
9 single-authored 40 Barrett, John W. 39 Nürnberg, Robert 15 Lam, Kei Fong 10 Styles, Vanessa 9 Abels, Helmut 8 Blank, Luise 7 Nestler, Britta 6 Hecht, Claudia 6 Hinze, Michael 6 Kohsaka, Yoshihito 6 Stinner, Bjorn 5 Eck, Christof 5 Elliott, Charles M. 5 Ito, Kazuo 5 Kahle, Christian 4 Benninghoff, Heike 4 Depner, Daniel 4 Grün, Günther 4 Knabner, Peter 4 Sarbu, Lavinia 4 Stoth, Barbara E. E. 4 Weikard, Ulrich 3 Blowey, James F. 3 Dal Passo, Roberta 2 Butz, Martin V. 2 Ebenbeck, Matthias 2 Farshbaf-Shaker, Mohammad Hassan 2 Menzel, Julia H. 2 Müller, Lars 2 Niethammer, Barbara 2 Pluda, Alessandra 2 Röger, Matthias 2 Rumpf, Martin 2 Rupprecht, Christoph 2 Signori, Andrea 2 Sitka, Emanuel 2 Weber, Josef 1 Agosti, Abramo 1 Alfaro, Matthieu 1 Arab, Nasrin 1 Bertsch, Michiel 1 Bronsard, Lia 1 Ciarletta, Pasquale 1 Dede, Luca 1 Escher, Joachim 1 Gößwein, M. 1 Hassan Farshbaf-Shaker, M. 1 Hilhorst, Danielle 1 Kampmann, Johannes 1 Knopf, Patrik 1 Kornhuber, Ralf 1 Kraus, Christiane 1 Kwak, David Jung Chul 1 Lenz, Martin 1 Maier-Paape, Stanislaus 1 Matano, Hiroshi 1 Matioc, Bogdan-Vasile 1 Metzger, Stefan 1 Novick-Cohen, Amy 1 Peletier, Mark Adriaan 1 Rätz, Andreas 1 Rocca, Elisabetta 1 Schatzle, Reiner 1 Schaubeck, Stefan 1 Ševčovič, Daniel 1 Srisupattarawanit, Tarin 1 Sturzenhecker, Thomas 1 Voigt, Axel 1 Wendler, Frank 1 Wieland, Sandra 1 Yayla, Sema
all top 5
#### Serials
7 M$$^3$$AS. Mathematical Models & Methods in Applied Sciences 7 SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis 7 Interfaces and Free Boundaries 6 IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis 6 Numerische Mathematik 5 Journal of Computational Physics 5 Advances in Mathematical Sciences and Applications 4 SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis 4 Advances in Differential Equations 4 European Series in Applied and Industrial Mathematics (ESAIM): Control, Optimization and Calculus of Variations 3 Journal of Differential Equations 3 Physica D 3 European Journal of Applied Mathematics 3 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section A. Mathematics 3 SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing 3 Springer-Lehrbuch 2 Mathematics of Computation 2 Applied Mathematics and Optimization 2 Hokkaido Mathematical Journal 2 Mathematische Nachrichten 2 SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization 2 Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré. Analyse Non Linéaire 2 Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2 Journal of Scientific Computing 2 SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics 2 Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics 2 Journal of Evolution Equations 2 Communications in Mathematical Sciences 2 Oberwolfach Reports 2 European Series in Applied and Industrial Mathematics (ESAIM): Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis 2 SIAM Journal on Imaging Sciences 2 Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. Series S 1 Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis 1 Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 1 Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung (DMV) 1 Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 1 Mitteilungen der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung (DMV) 1 ZAMP. Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 1 Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. Classe di Scienze. Serie IV 1 Nonlinear Analysis. Theory, Methods & Applications. Series A: Theory and Methods 1 Applied Numerical Mathematics 1 Communications in Partial Differential Equations 1 Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision 1 Advances in Computational Mathematics 1 Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems 1 ZAMM. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik 1 M2AN. Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis. ESAIM, European Series in Applied and Industrial Mathematics 1 IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 1 Nonlinear Analysis. Real World Applications 1 Communications on Pure and Applied Analysis 1 Bonner Mathematische Schriften 1 Communications in Computational Physics 1 Geometric Flows 1 AIMS Mathematics 1 Springer Undergraduate Mathematics Series 1 SMAI Journal of Computational Mathematics
all top 5
#### Fields
111 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 56 Numerical analysis (65-XX) 42 Fluid mechanics (76-XX) 34 Mechanics of deformable solids (74-XX) 31 Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization (49-XX) 26 Differential geometry (53-XX) 22 Biology and other natural sciences (92-XX) 21 Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer (80-XX) 20 Statistical mechanics, structure of matter (82-XX) 6 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 5 Information and communication theory, circuits (94-XX) 4 Ordinary differential equations (34-XX) 4 Dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-XX) 3 Operations research, mathematical programming (90-XX) 2 Global analysis, analysis on manifolds (58-XX) 2 Computer science (68-XX) 1 Convex and discrete geometry (52-XX) 1 Systems theory; control (93-XX) 1 Mathematics education (97-XX)
#### Citations contained in zbMATH Open
128 Publications have been cited 1,765 times in 884 Documents Cited by Year
On the Cahn-Hilliard equation with degenerate mobility. Zbl 0856.35071
Elliott, Charles M.; Garcke, Harald
1996
Thermodynamically consistent, frame indifferent diffuse interface models for incompressible two-phase flows with different densities. Zbl 1242.76342
Abels, Helmut; Garcke, Harald; Grün, Günther
2012
On a fourth-order degenerate parabolic equation: Global entropy estimates, existence, and qualitative behavior of solutions. Zbl 0929.35061
Dal Passo, Roberta; Garcke, Harald; Grün, Günther
1998
Finite element approximation of the Cahn-Hilliard equation with degenerate mobility. Zbl 0947.65109
Barrett, John W.; Blowey, James F.; Garcke, Harald
1999
A parametric finite element method for fourth order geometric evolution equations. Zbl 1112.65093
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2007
On anisotropic order parameter models for multi-phase systems and their sharp interface limits. Zbl 0936.82010
Garcke, Harald; Nestler, Britta; Stoth, Barbara
1998
A multiphase field concept: Numerical simulations of moving phase boundaries and multiple junctions. Zbl 0942.35095
Garcke, Harald; Nestler, Britta; Stoth, Barbara
1999
On the parametric finite element approximation of evolving hypersurfaces in $$\mathbb R^3$$. Zbl 1145.65068
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2008
A Cahn-Hilliard-Darcy model for tumour growth with chemotaxis and active transport. Zbl 1336.92038
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong; Sitka, Emanuel; Styles, Vanessa
2016
Parametric approximation of willmore flow and related geometric evolution equations. Zbl 1186.65133
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2008
The thin viscous flow equation in higher space dimensions. Zbl 0954.35035
Bertsch, Michiel; Dal Passo, Roberta; Garcke, Harald; Grün, Günther
1998
On Cahn-Hilliard systems with elasticity. Zbl 1130.74037
Garcke, Harald
2003
On fully practical finite element approximations of degenerate Cahn-Hilliard systems. Zbl 0987.35071
Barrett, John W.; Blowey, James F.; Garcke, Harald
2001
Finite element approximation of a fourth order nonlinear degenerate parabolic equation. Zbl 0913.65084
Barrett, John W.; Blowey, James F.; Garcke, Harald
1998
On the variational approximation of combined second and fourth order geometric evolution equations. Zbl 1148.65074
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2007
Existence of weak solutions for a diffuse interface model for two-phase flows of incompressible fluids with different densities. Zbl 1273.76421
Abels, Helmut; Depner, Daniel; Garcke, Harald
2013
A singular limit for a system of degenerate Cahn-Hilliard equations. Zbl 0988.35019
Garcke, Harald; Novick-Cohen, Amy
2000
Existence results for diffusive surface motion laws. Zbl 0876.35050
Elliott, Charles M.; Garcke, Harald
1997
Well-posedness of a Cahn-Hilliard system modelling tumour growth with chemotaxis and active transport. Zbl 1375.92011
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong
2017
Surfactant spreading on thin viscous films: nonnegative solutions of a coupled degenerate system. Zbl 1102.35056
Garcke, Harald; Wieland, Sandra
2006
A multiphase Cahn-Hilliard-Darcy model for tumour growth with necrosis. Zbl 1380.92029
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong; Nürnberg, Robert; Sitka, Emanuel
2018
Diffuse interface modelling of soluble surfactants in two-phase flow. Zbl 1319.35309
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong; Stinner, Björn
2014
On an incompressible Navier-Stokes/Cahn-Hilliard system with degenerate mobility. Zbl 1347.76052
Abels, Helmut; Depner, Daniel; Garcke, Harald
2013
On a Cahn–Hilliard model for phase separation with elastic misfit. Zbl 1072.35081
Garcke, Harald
2005
Analysis of a Cahn-Hilliard system with non-zero Dirichlet conditions modeling tumor growth with chemotaxis. Zbl 1360.35042
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong
2017
A stable and linear time discretization for a thermodynamically consistent model for two-phase incompressible flow. Zbl 1329.76168
Garcke, Harald; Hinze, Michael; Kahle, Christian
2016
Primal-dual active set methods for Allen-Cahn variational inequalities with nonlocal constraints. Zbl 1272.65060
Blank, Luise; Garcke, Harald; Sarbu, Lavinia; Styles, Vanessa
2013
The approximation of planar curve evolutions by stable fully implicit finite element schemes that equidistribute. Zbl 1218.65105
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2011
A multi-phase Mullins-Sekerka system: Matched asymptotic expansions and an implicit time discretisation for the geometric evolution problem. Zbl 0924.35199
Bronsard, Lia; Garcke, Harald; Stoth, Barbara
1998
Optimal control of treatment time in a diffuse interface model of tumor growth. Zbl 1403.35139
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong; Rocca, Elisabetta
2018
Phase-field approaches to structural topology optimization. Zbl 1356.49044
Blank, Luise; Garcke, Harald; Sarbu, Lavinia; Srisupattarawanit, Tarin; Styles, Vanessa; Voigt, Axel
2012
A diffuse interface model for alloys with multiple components and phases. Zbl 1126.82025
Garcke, Harald; Nestler, Britta; Stinner, Bjorn
2004
Finite element approximation of surfactant spreading on a thin film. Zbl 1130.76361
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2003
The Cahn-Hilliard equation with elasticity – finite element approximation and qualitative studies. Zbl 0972.35164
Garcke, Harald; Rumpf, Martin; Weikard, Ulrich
2001
Diffusional phase transitions in multicomponent systems with a concentration dependent mobility matrix. Zbl 0925.35087
Elliott, Charles M.; Garcke, Harald
1997
A stable numerical method for the dynamics of fluidic membranes. Zbl 1391.76298
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2016
On the stable numerical approximation of two-phase flow with insoluble surfactant. Zbl 1315.35156
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2015
Analysis of a Cahn-Hilliard-Brinkman model for tumour growth with chemotaxis. Zbl 1410.35058
Ebenbeck, Matthias; Garcke, Harald
2019
Parametric approximation of isotropic and anisotropic elastic flow for closed and open curves. Zbl 1242.65188
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2012
Parametric approximation of surface clusters driven by isotropic and anisotropic surface energies. Zbl 1205.65263
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2010
Allen-Cahn systems with volume constraints. Zbl 1147.49036
Garcke, Harald; Nestler, Britta; Stinner, Björn; Wendler, Frank
2008
Relating phase field and sharp interface approaches to structural topology optimization. Zbl 1301.49113
Blank, Luise; Garcke, Harald; Farshbaf-Shaker, M. Hassan; Styles, Vanessa
2014
Numerical approximation of gradient flows for closed curves in $$\mathbb R^{d}$$. Zbl 1185.65027
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2010
Second order phase field asymptotics for multi-component systems. Zbl 1106.35116
Garcke, Harald; Stinner, Björn
2006
Finite element approximation of a phase field model for surface diffusion of voids in a stressed solid. Zbl 1078.74050
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2006
Diffusional phase transitions in multicomponent systems with a concentration dependent mobility matrix. Zbl 1194.35225
Elliott, Charles M.; Garcke, Harald
1997
Global weak solutions and asymptotic limits of a Cahn-Hilliard-Darcy system modelling tumour growth. Zbl 1434.35255
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong
2016
Stable finite element approximations of two-phase flow with soluble surfactant. Zbl 1349.76175
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2015
Multi-material phase field approach to structural topology optimization. Zbl 1327.49068
Blank, Luise; Farshbaf-Shaker, M. Hassan; Garcke, Harald; Rupprecht, Christoph; Styles, Vanessa
2014
On stable parametric finite element methods for the Stefan problem and the Mullins-Sekerka problem with applications to dendritic growth. Zbl 1201.80075
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2010
On a Cahn-Hilliard-Darcy system for tumour growth with solution dependent source terms. Zbl 1406.92296
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong
2018
Numerical approximation of phase field based shape and topology optimization for fluids. Zbl 1322.35113
Garcke, Harald; Hecht, Claudia; Hinze, Michael; Kahle, Christian
2015
A stable parametric finite element discretization of two-phase Navier-Stokes flow. Zbl 1320.76059
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2015
Eliminating spurious velocities with a stable approximation of viscous incompressible two-phase Stokes flow. Zbl 1286.76040
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2013
Solving the Cahn-Hilliard variational inequality with a semi-smooth Newton method. Zbl 1233.35132
Blank, Luise; Butz, Martin; Garcke, Harald
2011
Numerical approximation of anisotropic geometric evolution equations in the plane. Zbl 1145.65069
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2008
A variational formulation of anisotropic geometric evolution equations in higher dimensions. Zbl 1149.65082
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2008
Finite-element approximation of coupled surface and grain boundary motion with applications to thermal grooving and sintering. Zbl 1410.80015
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2010
Anisotropy in multi-phase systems: A phase field approach. Zbl 0959.35169
Garcke, Harald; Stoth, Barbara; Nestler, Britta
1999
Mean curvature flow with triple junctions in higher space dimensions. Zbl 1291.53078
Depner, Daniel; Garcke, Harald; Kohsaka, Yoshihito
2014
A phase field model for the electromigration of intergranular voids. Zbl 1132.35082
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2007
Numerical approximation of the Cahn-Larché equation. Zbl 1099.74063
Garcke, Harald; Weikard, Ulrich
2005
A coupled surface-Cahn-Hilliard bulk-diffusion system modeling lipid raft formation in cell membranes. Zbl 1338.35222
Garcke, Harald; Kampmann, Johannes; Rätz, Andreas; Röger, Matthias
2016
Finite element approximation of one-sided Stefan problems with anisotropic, approximately crystalline, Gibbs-Thomson law. Zbl 1271.80005
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2013
Elastic flow with junctions: variational approximation and applications to nonlinear splines. Zbl 1252.76038
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2012
Solutions of a fourth order degenerate parabolic equation with weak initial trace. Zbl 0945.35049
Dal Passo, Roberta; Garcke, Harald
1999
Weak solutions of the Cahn-Hilliard system with dynamic boundary conditions: a gradient flow approach. Zbl 1429.35114
Garcke, Harald; Knopf, Patrik
2020
On a Cahn-Hilliard-Brinkman model for tumor growth and its singular limits. Zbl 1420.35116
Ebenbeck, Matthias; Garcke, Harald
2019
A Hele-Shaw-Cahn-Hilliard model for incompressible two-phase flows with different densities. Zbl 1394.35353
Dedè, Luca; Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong
2018
Finite element approximation for the dynamics of asymmetric fluidic biomembranes. Zbl 1394.76064
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2017
Stable numerical approximation of two-phase flow with a Boussinesq-Scriven surface fluid. Zbl 1329.35241
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2015
Curvature driven interface evolution. Zbl 1279.53064
Garcke, Harald
2013
Linearized stability analysis of surface diffusion for hypersurfaces with triple lines. Zbl 1263.35031
Depner, Daniel; Garcke, Harald
2013
Allen-Cahn and Cahn-Hilliard variational inequalities solved with optimization techniques. Zbl 1356.49009
Blank, Luise; Butz, Martin; Garcke, Harald; Sarbu, Lavinia; Styles, Vanessa
2012
Linearized stability analysis of stationary solutions for surface diffusion with boundary conditions. Zbl 1097.35030
Garcke, Harald; Ito, Kazuo; Kohsaka, Yoshihito
2005
A phase-field model for the solidification process in multicomponent alloys. Zbl 1061.80004
Garcke, H.; Nestler, B.; Stinner, B.
2003
A mathematical model for grain growth in thin metallic films. Zbl 1205.74138
Garcke, Harald; Nestler, Britta
2000
Travelling wave solutions as dynamic phase transitions in shape memory alloys. Zbl 0829.73007
Garcke, Harald
1995
Stable variational approximations of boundary value problems for Willmore flow with Gaussian curvature. Zbl 1433.65206
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2017
Two-phase flow with surfactants: diffuse interface models and their analysis. Zbl 1391.76766
Abels, Helmut; Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong; Weber, Josef
2017
Segmentation and restoration of images on surfaces by parametric active contours with topology changes. Zbl 1405.94014
Benninghoff, Heike; Garcke, Harald
2016
A phase field approach for shape and topology optimization in Stokes flow. Zbl 1329.76108
Garcke, Harald; Hecht, Claudia
2015
Efficient image segmentation and restoration using parametric curve evolution with junctions and topology changes. Zbl 1308.94013
Benninghoff, Heike; Garcke, Harald
2014
Nonlocal Allen-Cahn systems. Analysis and a primal-dual active set method. Zbl 1279.65087
Blank, Luise; Garcke, Harald; Sarbu, Lavinia; Styles, Vanessa
2013
Stress- and diffusion-induced interface motion: modelling and numerical simulations. Zbl 1128.74004
Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert; Styles, Vanessa
2007
Bi-directional diffusion induced grain boundary motion with triple junctions. Zbl 1081.35116
Garcke, H.; Styles, Vanessa
2004
Willmore flow of planar networks. Zbl 1436.35233
Garcke, Harald; Menzel, Julia; Pluda, Alessandra
2019
Sharp interface limit for a phase field model in structural optimization. Zbl 1348.35259
Blank, Luise; Garcke, Harald; Hecht, Claudia; Rupprecht, Christoph
2016
Local well-posedness for volume-preserving mean curvature and Willmore flows with line tension. Zbl 1335.53079
Abels, Helmut; Garcke, Harald; Müller, Lars
2016
Thermodynamically consistent higher order phase field Navier-Stokes models with applications to biomembranes. Zbl 1210.35258
Farshbaf-Shaker, M. Hassan; Garcke, Harald
2011
Motion by anisotropic mean curvature as sharp interface limit of an inhomogeneous and anisotropic Allen-Cahn equation. Zbl 1204.35026
Alfaro, Matthieu; Garcke, Harald; Hilhorst, Danielle; Matano, Hiroshi; Schätzle, Reiner
2010
Surface diffusion with triple junctions: A stability criterion for stationary solutions. Zbl 1228.35042
Garcke, Harald; Ito, Kazuo; Kohsaka, Yoshihito
2010
On sharp interface limits of Allen-Cahn/Cahn-Hilliard variational inequalities. Zbl 1165.35406
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2008
Shape optimization for surface functionals in Navier-Stokes flow using a phase field approach. Zbl 1352.49046
Garcke, Harald; Hecht, Claudia; Hinze, Michael; Kahle, Christian; Lam, Kei Fong
2016
Computational parametric Willmore flow with spontaneous curvature and area difference elasticity effects. Zbl 1428.53104
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2016
Applying a phase field approach for shape optimization of a stationary Navier-Stokes flow. Zbl 1342.35218
Garcke, Harald; Hecht, Claudia
2016
Shape and topology optimization in Stokes flow with a phase field approach. Zbl 1334.49133
Garcke, Harald; Hecht, Claudia
2016
The $$\Gamma$$-limit of the Ginzburg-Landau energy in an elastic medium. Zbl 1193.49054
Garcke, Harald
2008
Nonlinear stability of stationary solutions for surface diffusion with boundary conditions. Zbl 1167.35005
Garcke, Harald; Ito, Kazuo; Kohsaka, Yoshihito
2008
Mathematical modelling. Zbl 1223.00014
Eck, Christof; Garcke, Harald; Knabner, Peter
2008
On a phase field model of Cahn-Hilliard type for tumour growth with mechanical effects. Zbl 1456.35091
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong; Signori, Andrea
2021
Weak solutions of the Cahn-Hilliard system with dynamic boundary conditions: a gradient flow approach. Zbl 1429.35114
Garcke, Harald; Knopf, Patrik
2020
Parametric finite element approximations of curvature-driven interface evolutions. Zbl 1455.35185
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2020
On the surface diffusion flow with triple junctions in higher space dimensions. Zbl 1439.53079
Garcke, H.; Gößwein, M.
2020
Analysis of a Cahn-Hilliard-Brinkman model for tumour growth with chemotaxis. Zbl 1410.35058
Ebenbeck, Matthias; Garcke, Harald
2019
On a Cahn-Hilliard-Brinkman model for tumor growth and its singular limits. Zbl 1420.35116
Ebenbeck, Matthias; Garcke, Harald
2019
Willmore flow of planar networks. Zbl 1436.35233
Garcke, Harald; Menzel, Julia; Pluda, Alessandra
2019
Optimal control of time-discrete two-phase flow driven by a diffuse-interface model. Zbl 1437.35575
Garcke, Harald; Hinze, Michael; Kahle, Christian
2019
Variational discretization of axisymmetric curvature flows. Zbl 1419.65051
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2019
A multiphase Cahn-Hilliard-Darcy model for tumour growth with necrosis. Zbl 1380.92029
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong; Nürnberg, Robert; Sitka, Emanuel
2018
Optimal control of treatment time in a diffuse interface model of tumor growth. Zbl 1403.35139
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong; Rocca, Elisabetta
2018
On a Cahn-Hilliard-Darcy system for tumour growth with solution dependent source terms. Zbl 1406.92296
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong
2018
A Hele-Shaw-Cahn-Hilliard model for incompressible two-phase flows with different densities. Zbl 1394.35353
Dedè, Luca; Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong
2018
Cahn-Hilliard inpainting with the double obstacle potential. Zbl 1455.94019
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong; Styles, Vanessa
2018
Gradient flow dynamics of two-phase biomembranes: sharp interface variational formulation and finite element approximation. Zbl 1416.74070
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2018
A phase field approach to shape optimization in Navier-Stokes flow with integral state constraints. Zbl 1406.35274
Garcke, Harald; Hinze, Michael; Kahle, Christian; Lam, Kei Fong
2018
Well-posedness of a Cahn-Hilliard system modelling tumour growth with chemotaxis and active transport. Zbl 1375.92011
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong
2017
Analysis of a Cahn-Hilliard system with non-zero Dirichlet conditions modeling tumor growth with chemotaxis. Zbl 1360.35042
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong
2017
Finite element approximation for the dynamics of asymmetric fluidic biomembranes. Zbl 1394.76064
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2017
Stable variational approximations of boundary value problems for Willmore flow with Gaussian curvature. Zbl 1433.65206
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2017
Two-phase flow with surfactants: diffuse interface models and their analysis. Zbl 1391.76766
Abels, Helmut; Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong; Weber, Josef
2017
Finite element approximation for the dynamics of fluidic two-phase biomembranes. Zbl 1383.35153
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2017
Mathematical modeling. Zbl 1386.00063
Eck, Christof; Garcke, Harald; Knabner, Peter
2017
Diffuse interface models for incompressible two-phase flows with different densities. Zbl 1391.76765
Abels, Helmut; Garcke, Harald; Grün, Günther; Metzger, Stefan
2017
Segmentation of three-dimensional images with parametric active surfaces and topology changes. Zbl 1376.65017
Benninghoff, Heike; Garcke, Harald
2017
A Cahn-Hilliard-Darcy model for tumour growth with chemotaxis and active transport. Zbl 1336.92038
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong; Sitka, Emanuel; Styles, Vanessa
2016
A stable and linear time discretization for a thermodynamically consistent model for two-phase incompressible flow. Zbl 1329.76168
Garcke, Harald; Hinze, Michael; Kahle, Christian
2016
A stable numerical method for the dynamics of fluidic membranes. Zbl 1391.76298
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2016
Global weak solutions and asymptotic limits of a Cahn-Hilliard-Darcy system modelling tumour growth. Zbl 1434.35255
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong
2016
A coupled surface-Cahn-Hilliard bulk-diffusion system modeling lipid raft formation in cell membranes. Zbl 1338.35222
Garcke, Harald; Kampmann, Johannes; Rätz, Andreas; Röger, Matthias
2016
Segmentation and restoration of images on surfaces by parametric active contours with topology changes. Zbl 1405.94014
Benninghoff, Heike; Garcke, Harald
2016
Sharp interface limit for a phase field model in structural optimization. Zbl 1348.35259
Blank, Luise; Garcke, Harald; Hecht, Claudia; Rupprecht, Christoph
2016
Local well-posedness for volume-preserving mean curvature and Willmore flows with line tension. Zbl 1335.53079
Abels, Helmut; Garcke, Harald; Müller, Lars
2016
Shape optimization for surface functionals in Navier-Stokes flow using a phase field approach. Zbl 1352.49046
Garcke, Harald; Hecht, Claudia; Hinze, Michael; Kahle, Christian; Lam, Kei Fong
2016
Computational parametric Willmore flow with spontaneous curvature and area difference elasticity effects. Zbl 1428.53104
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2016
Applying a phase field approach for shape optimization of a stationary Navier-Stokes flow. Zbl 1342.35218
Garcke, Harald; Hecht, Claudia
2016
Shape and topology optimization in Stokes flow with a phase field approach. Zbl 1334.49133
Garcke, Harald; Hecht, Claudia
2016
Image segmentation using parametric contours with free endpoints. Zbl 1408.94048
Benninghoff, Heike; Garcke, Harald
2016
On the stable numerical approximation of two-phase flow with insoluble surfactant. Zbl 1315.35156
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2015
Stable finite element approximations of two-phase flow with soluble surfactant. Zbl 1349.76175
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2015
Numerical approximation of phase field based shape and topology optimization for fluids. Zbl 1322.35113
Garcke, Harald; Hecht, Claudia; Hinze, Michael; Kahle, Christian
2015
A stable parametric finite element discretization of two-phase Navier-Stokes flow. Zbl 1320.76059
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2015
Stable numerical approximation of two-phase flow with a Boussinesq-Scriven surface fluid. Zbl 1329.35241
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2015
A phase field approach for shape and topology optimization in Stokes flow. Zbl 1329.76108
Garcke, Harald; Hecht, Claudia
2015
Stability of spherical caps under the volume-preserving mean curvature flow with line tension. Zbl 1314.53115
Abels, Helmut; Garcke, Harald; Müller, Lars
2015
On convergence of solutions to equilibria for fully nonlinear parabolic systems with nonlinear boundary conditions. Zbl 1366.35006
Abels, Helmut; Arab, Nasrin; Garcke, Harald
2015
Diffuse interface modelling of soluble surfactants in two-phase flow. Zbl 1319.35309
Garcke, Harald; Lam, Kei Fong; Stinner, Björn
2014
Relating phase field and sharp interface approaches to structural topology optimization. Zbl 1301.49113
Blank, Luise; Garcke, Harald; Farshbaf-Shaker, M. Hassan; Styles, Vanessa
2014
Multi-material phase field approach to structural topology optimization. Zbl 1327.49068
Blank, Luise; Farshbaf-Shaker, M. Hassan; Garcke, Harald; Rupprecht, Christoph; Styles, Vanessa
2014
Mean curvature flow with triple junctions in higher space dimensions. Zbl 1291.53078
Depner, Daniel; Garcke, Harald; Kohsaka, Yoshihito
2014
Efficient image segmentation and restoration using parametric curve evolution with junctions and topology changes. Zbl 1308.94013
Benninghoff, Heike; Garcke, Harald
2014
Stable phase field approximations of anisotropic solidification. Zbl 1310.65120
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2014
Phase field models versus parametric front tracking methods: are they accurate and computationally efficient? Zbl 1388.65096
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2014
Existence of weak solutions for a diffuse interface model for two-phase flows of incompressible fluids with different densities. Zbl 1273.76421
Abels, Helmut; Depner, Daniel; Garcke, Harald
2013
On an incompressible Navier-Stokes/Cahn-Hilliard system with degenerate mobility. Zbl 1347.76052
Abels, Helmut; Depner, Daniel; Garcke, Harald
2013
Primal-dual active set methods for Allen-Cahn variational inequalities with nonlocal constraints. Zbl 1272.65060
Blank, Luise; Garcke, Harald; Sarbu, Lavinia; Styles, Vanessa
2013
Eliminating spurious velocities with a stable approximation of viscous incompressible two-phase Stokes flow. Zbl 1286.76040
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2013
Finite element approximation of one-sided Stefan problems with anisotropic, approximately crystalline, Gibbs-Thomson law. Zbl 1271.80005
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2013
Curvature driven interface evolution. Zbl 1279.53064
Garcke, Harald
2013
Linearized stability analysis of surface diffusion for hypersurfaces with triple lines. Zbl 1263.35031
Depner, Daniel; Garcke, Harald
2013
Nonlocal Allen-Cahn systems. Analysis and a primal-dual active set method. Zbl 1279.65087
Blank, Luise; Garcke, Harald; Sarbu, Lavinia; Styles, Vanessa
2013
On the stable discretization of strongly anisotropic phase field models with applications to crystal growth. Zbl 1427.74161
Barrett, John. W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2013
Thermodynamically consistent, frame indifferent diffuse interface models for incompressible two-phase flows with different densities. Zbl 1242.76342
Abels, Helmut; Garcke, Harald; Grün, Günther
2012
Phase-field approaches to structural topology optimization. Zbl 1356.49044
Blank, Luise; Garcke, Harald; Sarbu, Lavinia; Srisupattarawanit, Tarin; Styles, Vanessa; Voigt, Axel
2012
Parametric approximation of isotropic and anisotropic elastic flow for closed and open curves. Zbl 1242.65188
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2012
Elastic flow with junctions: variational approximation and applications to nonlinear splines. Zbl 1252.76038
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2012
Allen-Cahn and Cahn-Hilliard variational inequalities solved with optimization techniques. Zbl 1356.49009
Blank, Luise; Butz, Martin; Garcke, Harald; Sarbu, Lavinia; Styles, Vanessa
2012
The approximation of planar curve evolutions by stable fully implicit finite element schemes that equidistribute. Zbl 1218.65105
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2011
Solving the Cahn-Hilliard variational inequality with a semi-smooth Newton method. Zbl 1233.35132
Blank, Luise; Butz, Martin; Garcke, Harald
2011
Thermodynamically consistent higher order phase field Navier-Stokes models with applications to biomembranes. Zbl 1210.35258
Farshbaf-Shaker, M. Hassan; Garcke, Harald
2011
Existence of weak solutions for the Stefan problem with anisotropic Gibbs-Thomson law. Zbl 1235.35286
Garcke, Harald; Schaubeck, Stefan
2011
Mathematical modelling. 2nd revised ed. Zbl 1226.00031
Eck, Christof; Garcke, Harald; Knabner, Peter
2011
Parametric approximation of surface clusters driven by isotropic and anisotropic surface energies. Zbl 1205.65263
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2010
Numerical approximation of gradient flows for closed curves in $$\mathbb R^{d}$$. Zbl 1185.65027
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2010
On stable parametric finite element methods for the Stefan problem and the Mullins-Sekerka problem with applications to dendritic growth. Zbl 1201.80075
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2010
Finite-element approximation of coupled surface and grain boundary motion with applications to thermal grooving and sintering. Zbl 1410.80015
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2010
Motion by anisotropic mean curvature as sharp interface limit of an inhomogeneous and anisotropic Allen-Cahn equation. Zbl 1204.35026
Alfaro, Matthieu; Garcke, Harald; Hilhorst, Danielle; Matano, Hiroshi; Schätzle, Reiner
2010
Surface diffusion with triple junctions: A stability criterion for stationary solutions. Zbl 1228.35042
Garcke, Harald; Ito, Kazuo; Kohsaka, Yoshihito
2010
An anisotropic, inhomogeneous, elastically modified Gibbs-Thomson law as singular limit of a diffuse interface model. Zbl 1233.35010
Garcke, Harald; Kraus, Christiane
2010
Nonlinear stability of stationary solutions for curvature flow with triple junction. Zbl 1187.35013
Garcke, Harald; Kohsaka, Yoshihito; Ševčovič, Daniel
2009
On the parametric finite element approximation of evolving hypersurfaces in $$\mathbb R^3$$. Zbl 1145.65068
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2008
Parametric approximation of willmore flow and related geometric evolution equations. Zbl 1186.65133
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2008
Allen-Cahn systems with volume constraints. Zbl 1147.49036
Garcke, Harald; Nestler, Britta; Stinner, Björn; Wendler, Frank
2008
Numerical approximation of anisotropic geometric evolution equations in the plane. Zbl 1145.65069
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2008
A variational formulation of anisotropic geometric evolution equations in higher dimensions. Zbl 1149.65082
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2008
On sharp interface limits of Allen-Cahn/Cahn-Hilliard variational inequalities. Zbl 1165.35406
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2008
The $$\Gamma$$-limit of the Ginzburg-Landau energy in an elastic medium. Zbl 1193.49054
Garcke, Harald
2008
Nonlinear stability of stationary solutions for surface diffusion with boundary conditions. Zbl 1167.35005
Garcke, Harald; Ito, Kazuo; Kohsaka, Yoshihito
2008
Mathematical modelling. Zbl 1223.00014
Eck, Christof; Garcke, Harald; Knabner, Peter
2008
Mini-workshop: Mathematics of biological membranes. Abstracts from the mini-workshop held August 31 – September 6, 2008. Zbl 1177.74021
Garcke, Harald (ed.); Niethammer, Barbara (ed.); Peletier, Mark A. (ed.); Röger, Matthias (ed.)
2008
A parametric finite element method for fourth order geometric evolution equations. Zbl 1112.65093
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2007
On the variational approximation of combined second and fourth order geometric evolution equations. Zbl 1148.65074
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2007
A phase field model for the electromigration of intergranular voids. Zbl 1132.35082
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2007
Stress- and diffusion-induced interface motion: modelling and numerical simulations. Zbl 1128.74004
Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert; Styles, Vanessa
2007
Surfactant spreading on thin viscous films: nonnegative solutions of a coupled degenerate system. Zbl 1102.35056
Garcke, Harald; Wieland, Sandra
2006
Second order phase field asymptotics for multi-component systems. Zbl 1106.35116
Garcke, Harald; Stinner, Björn
2006
Finite element approximation of a phase field model for surface diffusion of voids in a stressed solid. Zbl 1078.74050
Barrett, John W.; Garcke, Harald; Nürnberg, Robert
2006
On asymptotic limits of Cahn-Hilliard systems with elastic misfit. Zbl 1366.74055
Garcke, Harald; Kwak, David Jung Chul
2006
Multiscale problems in solidification processes. Zbl 1366.80004
Eck, Christof; Garcke, Harald; Stinner, Björn
2006
On a Cahn–Hilliard model for phase separation with elastic misfit. Zbl 1072.35081
Garcke, Harald
2005
...and 28 more Documents
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#### Cited by 1,167 Authors
71 Garcke, Harald 34 Nürnberg, Robert 25 Barrett, John W. 21 Abels, Helmut 19 Lam, Kei Fong 16 Kim, Junseok 13 Miranville, Alain M. 13 Nestler, Britta 12 Elliott, Charles M. 12 Grün, Günther 12 Lowengrub, John Samuel 12 Rocca, Elisabetta 11 Kahle, Christian 10 Sun, Shuyu 10 Wise, Steven M. 9 Grasselli, Maurizio 9 Kraus, Christiane 9 Roubíček, Tomáš 9 Stinner, Bjorn 9 Styles, Vanessa 8 Colli, Pierluigi 8 Hinze, Michael 8 Wheeler, Glen E. 8 Winkler, Michael 8 Yang, Xiaofeng 8 Zhu, Peicheng 7 Blank, Luise 7 Du, Qiang 7 Giorgini, Andrea 7 Kou, Jisheng 7 Nochetto, Ricardo Horacio 7 Olshanskii, Maxim A. 7 Voigt, Axel 7 Wang, Cheng 6 Dai, Shibin 6 Dede, Luca 6 Dong, Suchuan 6 Escher, Joachim 6 Frigeri, Sergio 6 Giacomelli, Lorenzo 6 Hughes, Thomas J. R. 6 Lee, Hyun Geun 6 Liu, Chein-Shan 6 Matthes, Daniel 6 Metzger, Stefan 6 Pozzi, Paola 6 Scarpa, Luca 6 Signori, Andrea 6 Stoll, Martin 6 Taranets, Roman M. 6 Tomassetti, Giuseppe 6 Wang, Xiaoming 6 Yang, Zhiguo 6 Zhao, Xiaopeng 5 Aland, Sebastian 5 Alber, Hans-Dieter 5 Bonetti, Elena 5 Bretin, Elie 5 Chugunova, Marina A. 5 Deckelnick, Klaus 5 Fabrizio, Mauro 5 Fischer, Julian 5 Glasner, Karl B. 5 Hecht, Claudia 5 Hintermüller, Michael 5 Jüngel, Ansgar 5 King, John Robert 5 Liang, Bo 5 Lin, Ping 5 Selzer, Michael 5 Shen, Jie 5 Tavakoli, Rouhollah 5 Van Brummelen, Harald 5 Wang, Qi 5 Xu, Yan 5 Zhao, Quan 4 Baňas, L’ubomír 4 Bänsch, Eberhard 4 Bartels, Sören 4 Beneš, Michal 4 Bertozzi, Andrea Louise 4 Bosch, Jessica 4 Boyer, Franck 4 Burger, Martin 4 Calo, Victor Manuel 4 Depner, Daniel 4 Ebenbeck, Matthias 4 Esedoglu, Selim 4 Farshbaf-Shaker, Mohammad Hassan 4 Fukao, Takeshi 4 Gal, Ciprian Gheorghe Sorin 4 Giesselmann, Jan 4 Giorgi, Claudio 4 Gnann, Manuel V. 4 Guo, Ruihan 4 Han, Daozhi 4 Heida, Martin 4 Knabner, Peter 4 Knopf, Patrik 4 Knüpfer, Hans ...and 1,067 more Authors
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#### Cited in 169 Serials
105 Journal of Computational Physics 34 Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 23 Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis 23 Journal of Scientific Computing 23 M$$^3$$AS. Mathematical Models & Methods in Applied Sciences 22 Numerische Mathematik 21 Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 20 Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 20 Journal of Differential Equations 19 Physica D 18 Nonlinear Analysis. Theory, Methods & Applications. Series A: Theory and Methods 18 European Journal of Applied Mathematics 15 SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis 15 SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing 14 ZAMP. Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 14 SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis 13 Computers & Mathematics with Applications 13 Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré. Analyse Non Linéaire 12 Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 12 Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems 11 Nonlinear Analysis. Real World Applications 11 European Series in Applied and Industrial Mathematics (ESAIM): Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis 10 Applied Mathematics and Optimization 10 SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization 9 Journal of Fluid Mechanics 9 Mathematics of Computation 9 Applied Mathematics and Computation 9 Applied Numerical Mathematics 9 SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics 8 Computational Mechanics 8 Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations 8 Advances in Computational Mathematics 7 Journal of Mathematical Physics 7 Communications in Partial Differential Equations 7 Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics 7 Interfaces and Free Boundaries 6 Applicable Analysis 6 Nonlinearity 6 Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 6 Applied Mathematics Letters 6 ZAMM. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik 6 Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. Series S 5 Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série 5 NoDEA. Nonlinear Differential Equations and Applications 5 Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. Series B 4 Physica A 4 Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata. Serie Quarta 4 International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 4 Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 4 Mathematische Nachrichten 4 Applied Mathematical Modelling 4 Journal of Nonlinear Science 4 European Series in Applied and Industrial Mathematics (ESAIM): Control, Optimization and Calculus of Variations 4 Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics 4 Journal of Evolution Equations 4 Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 4 Communications on Pure and Applied Analysis 4 Geometric Flows 3 Computers and Fluids 3 International Journal of Engineering Science 3 Journal of Mathematical Biology 3 Mathematische Annalen 3 Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 3 Quarterly of Applied Mathematics 3 Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 3 European Journal of Mechanics. B. Fluids 3 Analysis (München) 3 Computational Geosciences 3 Milan Journal of Mathematics 3 Multiscale Modeling & Simulation 3 Boundary Value Problems 3 Advances in Nonlinear Analysis 2 Computer Physics Communications 2 Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics 2 Journal of Statistical Physics 2 Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 2 Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. Classe di Scienze. Serie IV 2 BIT 2 Calcolo 2 Journal für die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik 2 Zeitschrift für Analysis und ihre Anwendungen 2 Mathematical and Computer Modelling 2 Asymptotic Analysis 2 Japan Journal of Industrial and Applied Mathematics 2 Applications of Mathematics 2 Numerical Algorithms 2 International Journal of Computer Mathematics 2 Journal of Elasticity 2 Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision 2 Journal of Mathematical Sciences (New York) 2 Computing and Visualization in Science 2 M2AN. Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis. ESAIM, European Series in Applied and Industrial Mathematics 2 Acta Mathematica Sinica. English Series 2 Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 2 Bulletin of the Malaysian Mathematical Sciences Society. Second Series 2 Stochastics and Dynamics 2 SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems 2 Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 2 SIAM Journal on Imaging Sciences 2 Journal of Theoretical Biology ...and 69 more Serials
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#### Cited in 37 Fields
560 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 342 Numerical analysis (65-XX) 327 Fluid mechanics (76-XX) 162 Mechanics of deformable solids (74-XX) 94 Biology and other natural sciences (92-XX) 91 Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization (49-XX) 79 Statistical mechanics, structure of matter (82-XX) 67 Differential geometry (53-XX) 62 Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer (80-XX) 25 Dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-XX) 19 Global analysis, analysis on manifolds (58-XX) 12 Integral equations (45-XX) 12 Optics, electromagnetic theory (78-XX) 10 Operations research, mathematical programming (90-XX) 9 Ordinary differential equations (34-XX) 9 Computer science (68-XX) 8 Operator theory (47-XX) 8 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 6 Functional analysis (46-XX) 6 Geophysics (86-XX) 6 Systems theory; control (93-XX) 6 Information and communication theory, circuits (94-XX) 4 Approximations and expansions (41-XX) 3 Combinatorics (05-XX) 3 Statistics (62-XX) 2 Real functions (26-XX) 2 Measure and integration (28-XX) 2 Functions of a complex variable (30-XX) 2 Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces (42-XX) 2 Mechanics of particles and systems (70-XX) 2 Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences (91-XX) 2 Mathematics education (97-XX) 1 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 1 Potential theory (31-XX) 1 Integral transforms, operational calculus (44-XX) 1 Convex and discrete geometry (52-XX) 1 Quantum theory (81-XX)
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| 2021-05-10T22:43:33 |
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https://mooseframework.inl.gov/source/actions/CavityPressureAction.html
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Cavity Pressure Action
Description
The CavityPressureAction is one of three actions in the CavityPressure action system which are intended to be used concurrently. The intention of the CavityPressure action system is to reduce the number of input file blocks required to compute the pressure exerted by a gas contained in an internal volume.
| 2018-12-15T21:11:29 |
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https://pos.sissa.it/301/025/
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Volume 301 - 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2017) - Session Solar & Heliospheric. SH-Heliospheric transport and solar modulation
Tracking cosmic-ray spectral variations with neutron monitor time-delay measurements at high cutoff rigidity during 2007-2017
C. Banglieng, D. Ruffolo,* A. Sáiz, P. Evenson, T. Nutaro
*corresponding author
Full text: pdf
Pre-published on: August 16, 2017
Published on: August 03, 2018
Abstract
We present measurements of the leader fraction of neutron monitor counts that did not follow other counts in the same counter tube from the same cosmic ray shower. We use time-delay histograms collected at the Princess Sirindhorn Neutron Monitor at Doi Inthanon, Thailand, which has the world's highest vertical cutoff rigidity for a fixed station (16.8 GV). Changes in the leader fraction are a precise indicator of cosmic ray spectral variations above the cutoff. Our data set from 2007 to 2017 spans a full cycle of solar modulation, including the all-time cosmic ray maximum of 2009 and minimum near the end of 2014, the count rate now having returned to its initial value. The electronics to collect time-delay histograms have been upgraded twice, and we have corrected for such changes to develop a long-term leader fraction dataset. We examine the spectral variation of Galactic cosmic rays above $\sim$17 GV resulting from solar modulation and its solar magnetic polarity dependence.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22323/1.301.0025
How to cite
Metadata are provided both in "article" format (very similar to INSPIRE) as this helps creating very compact bibliographies which can be beneficial to authors and readers, and in "proceeding" format which is more detailed and complete.
Open Access
Copyright owned by the author(s) under the term of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
| 2020-12-02T22:46:37 |
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http://dlmf.nist.gov/10.61
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# §10.61(i) Definitions
Throughout §§10.61–§10.71 it is assumed that $x\geq 0$, $\nu\in\Real$, and $n$ is a nonnegative integer.
10.61.1 $\mathop{\mathrm{ber}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x+i\mathop{\mathrm{bei}_{\nu}\/}% \nolimits x=\mathop{J_{\nu}\/}\nolimits\!\left(xe^{3\pi i/4}\right)=e^{\nu\pi i% }\mathop{J_{\nu}\/}\nolimits\!\left(xe^{-\pi i/4}\right)=e^{\nu\pi i/2}\mathop% {I_{\nu}\/}\nolimits\!\left(xe^{\pi i/4}\right)=e^{3\nu\pi i/2}\mathop{I_{\nu}% \/}\nolimits\!\left(xe^{-3\pi i/4}\right),$ Defines: $\mathop{\mathrm{bei}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits\!\left(x\right)$: Kelvin function and $\mathop{\mathrm{ber}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits\!\left(x\right)$: Kelvin function Symbols: $\mathop{J_{\nu}\/}\nolimits\!\left(z\right)$: Bessel function of the first kind, $e$: base of exponential function, $\mathop{I_{\nu}\/}\nolimits\!\left(z\right)$: modified Bessel function, $x$: real variable and $\nu$: complex parameter A&S Ref: 9.9.1 Referenced by: §10.63(ii), §10.65(i), §10.65(ii), §10.67(i), §10.69 Permalink: http://dlmf.nist.gov/10.61.E1 Encodings: TeX, pMML, png
10.61.2 $\mathop{\mathrm{ker}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x+i\mathop{\mathrm{kei}_{\nu}\/}% \nolimits x=e^{-\nu\pi i/2}\mathop{K_{\nu}\/}\nolimits\!\left(xe^{\pi i/4}% \right)=\tfrac{1}{2}\pi i\mathop{{H^{(1)}_{\nu}}\/}\nolimits\!\left(xe^{3\pi i% /4}\right)=-\tfrac{1}{2}\pi ie^{-\nu\pi i}\mathop{{H^{(2)}_{\nu}}\/}\nolimits% \!\left(xe^{-\pi i/4}\right).$ Defines: $\mathop{\mathrm{kei}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits\!\left(x\right)$: Kelvin function and $\mathop{\mathrm{ker}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits\!\left(x\right)$: Kelvin function Symbols: $\mathop{{H^{(1)}_{\nu}}\/}\nolimits\!\left(z\right)$: Bessel function of the third kind (or Hankel function), $\mathop{{H^{(2)}_{\nu}}\/}\nolimits\!\left(z\right)$: Bessel function of the third kind (or Hankel function), $e$: base of exponential function, $\mathop{K_{\nu}\/}\nolimits\!\left(z\right)$: modified Bessel function, $x$: real variable and $\nu$: complex parameter A&S Ref: 9.9.2 Referenced by: §10.63(ii), §10.65(ii), §10.67(i), §10.69 Permalink: http://dlmf.nist.gov/10.61.E2 Encodings: TeX, pMML, png
When $\nu=0$ suffices on $\mathop{\mathrm{ber}\/}\nolimits$, $\mathop{\mathrm{bei}\/}\nolimits$, $\mathop{\mathrm{ker}\/}\nolimits$, and $\mathop{\mathrm{kei}\/}\nolimits$ are usually suppressed.
Most properties of $\mathop{\mathrm{ber}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x$, $\mathop{\mathrm{bei}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x$, $\mathop{\mathrm{ker}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x$, and $\mathop{\mathrm{kei}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x$ follow straightforwardly from the above definitions and results given in preceding sections of this chapter.
# §10.61(ii) Differential Equations
10.61.3 $x^{2}\frac{{d}^{2}w}{{dx}^{2}}+x\frac{dw}{dx}-(ix^{2}+\nu^{2})w=0,$ $w=\begin{array}[t]{cc}\mathop{\mathrm{ber}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x+i\mathop{% \mathrm{bei}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x,&\mathop{\mathrm{ber}_{-\nu}\/}\nolimits x+i% \mathop{\mathrm{bei}_{-\nu}\/}\nolimits x\\ \mathop{\mathrm{ker}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x+i\mathop{\mathrm{kei}_{\nu}\/}% \nolimits x,&\mathop{\mathrm{ker}_{-\nu}\/}\nolimits x+i\mathop{\mathrm{kei}_{% -\nu}\/}\nolimits x.\end{array}$
10.61.4 $x^{4}\frac{{d}^{4}w}{{dx}^{4}}+2x^{3}\frac{{d}^{3}w}{{dx}^{3}}-(1+2\nu^{2})% \left(x^{2}\frac{{d}^{2}w}{{dx}^{2}}-x\frac{dw}{dx}\right)+(\nu^{4}-4\nu^{2}+x% ^{4})w=0,$ $w=\mathop{\mathrm{ber}_{\pm\nu}\/}\nolimits x,\mathop{\mathrm{bei}_{\pm\nu}\/}% \nolimits x,\mathop{\mathrm{ker}_{\pm\nu}\/}\nolimits x,\mathop{\mathrm{kei}_{% \pm\nu}\/}\nolimits x$.
# §10.61(iii) Reflection Formulas for Arguments
In general, Kelvin functions have a branch point at $x=0$ and functions with arguments $xe^{\pm\pi i}$ are complex. The branch point is absent, however, in the case of $\mathop{\mathrm{ber}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits$ and $\mathop{\mathrm{bei}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits$ when $\nu$ is an integer. In particular,
10.61.5 $\displaystyle\mathop{\mathrm{ber}_{n}\/}\nolimits\!\left(-x\right)$ $\displaystyle=(-1)^{n}\mathop{\mathrm{ber}_{n}\/}\nolimits x,$ $\displaystyle\mathop{\mathrm{bei}_{n}\/}\nolimits\!\left(-x\right)$ $\displaystyle=(-1)^{n}\mathop{\mathrm{bei}_{n}\/}\nolimits x.$
# §10.61(iv) Reflection Formulas for Orders
10.61.6 $\displaystyle\mathop{\mathrm{ber}_{-\nu}\/}\nolimits x$ $\displaystyle=\mathop{\cos\/}\nolimits\!\left(\nu\pi\right)\mathop{\mathrm{ber% }_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x+\mathop{\sin\/}\nolimits\!\left(\nu\pi\right)\mathop{% \mathrm{bei}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x+(2/\pi)\mathop{\sin\/}\nolimits\!\left(\nu\pi% \right)\mathop{\mathrm{ker}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x,$ $\displaystyle\mathop{\mathrm{bei}_{-\nu}\/}\nolimits x$ $\displaystyle=-\mathop{\sin\/}\nolimits\!\left(\nu\pi\right)\mathop{\mathrm{% ber}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x+\mathop{\cos\/}\nolimits\!\left(\nu\pi\right)\mathop{% \mathrm{bei}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x+(2/\pi)\mathop{\sin\/}\nolimits\!\left(\nu\pi% \right)\mathop{\mathrm{kei}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x.$
10.61.7 $\displaystyle\mathop{\mathrm{ker}_{-\nu}\/}\nolimits x$ $\displaystyle=\mathop{\cos\/}\nolimits\!\left(\nu\pi\right)\mathop{\mathrm{ker% }_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x-\mathop{\sin\/}\nolimits\!\left(\nu\pi\right)\mathop{% \mathrm{kei}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x,$ $\displaystyle\mathop{\mathrm{kei}_{-\nu}\/}\nolimits x$ $\displaystyle=\mathop{\sin\/}\nolimits\!\left(\nu\pi\right)\mathop{\mathrm{ker% }_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x+\mathop{\cos\/}\nolimits\!\left(\nu\pi\right)\mathop{% \mathrm{kei}_{\nu}\/}\nolimits x.$
10.61.8 $\displaystyle\mathop{\mathrm{ber}_{-n}\/}\nolimits x$ $\displaystyle=(-1)^{n}\mathop{\mathrm{ber}_{n}\/}\nolimits x,~{}\mathop{% \mathrm{bei}_{-n}\/}\nolimits x$ $\displaystyle=(-1)^{n}\mathop{\mathrm{bei}_{n}\/}\nolimits x,$ $\displaystyle\mathop{\mathrm{ker}_{-n}\/}\nolimits x$ $\displaystyle=(-1)^{n}\mathop{\mathrm{ker}_{n}\/}\nolimits x,~{}\mathop{% \mathrm{kei}_{-n}\/}\nolimits x$ $\displaystyle=(-1)^{n}\mathop{\mathrm{kei}_{n}\/}\nolimits x.$
# §10.61(v) Orders $\pm\frac{1}{2}$
10.61.9 $\displaystyle\mathop{\mathrm{ber}_{\frac{1}{2}}\/}\nolimits\!\left(x\sqrt{2}\right)$ $\displaystyle=\frac{2^{-\frac{3}{4}}}{\sqrt{\pi x}}\left(e^{x}\mathop{\cos\/}% \nolimits\!\left(x+\frac{\pi}{8}\right)-e^{-x}\mathop{\cos\/}\nolimits\!\left(% x-\frac{\pi}{8}\right)\right),$ $\displaystyle\mathop{\mathrm{bei}_{\frac{1}{2}}\/}\nolimits\!\left(x\sqrt{2}\right)$ $\displaystyle=\frac{2^{-\frac{3}{4}}}{\sqrt{\pi x}}\left(e^{x}\mathop{\sin\/}% \nolimits\!\left(x+\frac{\pi}{8}\right)+\,e^{-x}\mathop{\sin\/}\nolimits\!% \left(x-\frac{\pi}{8}\right)\right).$
10.61.10 $\displaystyle\mathop{\mathrm{ber}_{-\frac{1}{2}}\/}\nolimits\!\left(x\sqrt{2}\right)$ $\displaystyle=\frac{2^{-\frac{3}{4}}}{\sqrt{\pi x}}\left(e^{x}\mathop{\sin\/}% \nolimits\!\left(x+\frac{\pi}{8}\right)-e^{-x}\mathop{\sin\/}\nolimits\!\left(% x-\frac{\pi}{8}\right)\right),$ $\displaystyle\mathop{\mathrm{bei}_{-\frac{1}{2}}\/}\nolimits\!\left(x\sqrt{2}\right)$ $\displaystyle=-\frac{2^{-\frac{3}{4}}}{\sqrt{\pi x}}\left(e^{x}\mathop{\cos\/}% \nolimits\!\left(x+\frac{\pi}{8}\right)+e^{-x}\mathop{\cos\/}\nolimits\!\left(% x-\frac{\pi}{8}\right)\right).$
10.61.11 $\displaystyle\mathop{\mathrm{ker}_{\frac{1}{2}}\/}\nolimits\!\left(x\sqrt{2}\right)$ $\displaystyle=\mathop{\mathrm{kei}_{-\frac{1}{2}}\/}\nolimits\!\left(x\sqrt{2}\right)$ $\displaystyle=-2^{-\frac{3}{4}}\sqrt{\frac{\pi}{x}}e^{-x}\mathop{\sin\/}% \nolimits\!\left(x-\frac{\pi}{8}\right),$ 10.61.12 $\displaystyle\mathop{\mathrm{kei}_{\frac{1}{2}}\/}\nolimits\!\left(x\sqrt{2}\right)$ $\displaystyle=-\mathop{\mathrm{ker}_{-\frac{1}{2}}\/}\nolimits\!\left(x\sqrt{2% }\right)$ $\displaystyle=-2^{-\frac{3}{4}}\sqrt{\frac{\pi}{x}}e^{-x}\mathop{\cos\/}% \nolimits\!\left(x-\frac{\pi}{8}\right).$
| 2014-10-02T12:31:06 |
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https://ftp.aimsciences.org/article/doi/10.3934/proc.2007.2007.212
|
Article Contents
Article Contents
# Relaxation approximation of the Kerr model for the impedance initial-boundary value problem
• The Kerr-Debye model is a relaxation of the nonlinear Kerr model in which the relaxation coefficient is a finite response time of the nonlinear material. We establish the convergence of the Kerr-Debye model to the Kerr model when this relaxation coefficient tends to zero.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 35L50, 35Q60.
Citation:
Open Access Under a Creative Commons license
| 2022-12-08T16:44:56 |
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https://www.zbmath.org/authors/?q=rv%3A9670
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## Bonet Solves, José
Compute Distance To:
Author ID: bonet.jose Published as: Bonet, José; Bonet, J.; Bonet, Jose; Bonet, Jośe; Bonet Solves, Jose more...less Homepage: http://jbonet.webs.upv.es/ External Links: MGP · ORCID · Wikidata · ResearchGate
Documents Indexed: 243 Publications since 1980, including 1 Book 3 Contributions as Editor Reviewing Activity: 449 Reviews Co-Authors: 62 Co-Authors with 218 Joint Publications 787 Co-Co-Authors
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### Co-Authors
28 single-authored 36 Ricker, Werner Joseph 28 Albanese, Angela Anna 24 Bierstedt, Klaus-Dieter 23 Taskinen, Jari 20 Domański, Pawel Jan 17 Dierolf, Susanne 17 Meise, Reinhold G. 14 Fernández, Carmen 14 Lindström, Mikael 10 Galbis, Antonio 9 Lusky, Wolfgang 9 Peris, Alfredo 8 Maestre, Manuel 7 Pérez Carreras, Pedro 6 Díaz, Juan Carlos 6 Jordá, Enrique 6 Melikhov, Sergeĭ Nikolaevich 6 Wolf, Elke 4 Defant, Andreas 4 Ramanujan, M. S. 4 Schmets, Jean 4 Taylor, Bert Alan 4 Vogt, Dietmar 3 Frerick, Leonhard 3 Friz, Miguel 3 Jornet, David 3 Martínez-Giménez, Félix 2 Beltrán, María José 2 Braun, Rüdiger Winfried 2 Conejero, José Alberto 2 Galindo, Pablo 2 Gómez-Collado, M. Carmen 2 Langenbruch, Michael 2 Mengestie, Tesfa Y. 2 Ribera, Juan M. 2 Vukotić, Dragan 2 Wengenroth, Jochen 2 Wright, John David Maitland 1 Agethen, Simone 1 Aye Aye, Khin 1 Bastin, Françoise 1 Blasco, Oscar 1 Bonilla, Antonio 1 Calabuig, José Manuel 1 Cascales, Bernardo 1 de Pagter, Bernardus 1 Díaz-Madrigal, Santiago 1 Engliš, Miroslav 1 García, Domingo 1 Horváth, John Michael 1 Kalmes, Thomas 1 Mangino, Elisabetta M. 1 Metafune, Giorgio 1 Momm, Siegfried 1 Moscatelli, Vincenzo Bruno 1 Mujica, Jorge 1 Okada, Susumu 1 Rodriguez, Alberto Ochoa 1 Seyoum, Werkaferahu 1 Valdivia Ureña, Manuel 1 Wegner, Sven-Ake 1 Worku, Mafuz
all top 5
all top 5
### Fields
231 Functional analysis (46-XX) 96 Operator theory (47-XX) 31 Functions of a complex variable (30-XX) 13 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 11 Several complex variables and analytic spaces (32-XX) 5 Real functions (26-XX) 5 Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces (42-XX) 3 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 3 History and biography (01-XX) 3 Measure and integration (28-XX) 3 Dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-XX) 2 Sequences, series, summability (40-XX) 1 Number theory (11-XX) 1 Group theory and generalizations (20-XX) 1 Potential theory (31-XX) 1 Difference and functional equations (39-XX) 1 Global analysis, analysis on manifolds (58-XX)
### Citations contained in zbMATH Open
192 Publications have been cited 1,961 times in 933 Documents Cited by Year
Barrelled locally convex spaces. Zbl 0614.46001
Pérez Carreras, Pedro; Bonet, José
1987
Associated weights and spaces of holomorphic functions. Zbl 0934.46027
Bierstedt, Klaus D.; Bonet, José; Taskinen, Jari
1998
Weighted spaces of holomorphic functions on balanced domains. Zbl 0803.46023
Bierstedt, Klaus Dieter; Bonet, José; Galbis, Antonio
1993
Essential norm and weak compactness of composition operators on weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions. Zbl 0939.47020
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł; Lindström, Mikael
1999
A comparison of two different ways to define classes of ultradifferentiable functions. Zbl 1165.26015
Bonet, José; Meise, Reinhold; Melikhov, Sergej N.
2007
Composition operators between weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions. Zbl 0912.47014
Bonet, J.; Domański, P.; Lindström, M.; Taskinen, J.
1998
Hypercyclic operators on non-normable Fréchet spaces. Zbl 0926.47011
Bonet, José; Peris, Alfredo
1998
Differences of composition operators between weighted Banach spaces of holomorphic functions. Zbl 1145.47020
Bonet, José; Lindström, Mikael; Wolf, Elke
2008
Mean ergodic operators in Fréchet spaces. Zbl 1194.47012
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2009
Stefan Heinrich’s density condition for Fréchet spaces and the characterization of the distinguished Köthe echelon spaces. Zbl 0688.46001
Bierstedt, Klaus Dieter; Bonet, José
1988
Universal and chaotic multipliers on spaces of operators. Zbl 1062.47011
Bonet, José; Martínez-Giménez, Félix; Peris, Alfredo
2004
Whitney’s extension theorem for nonquasianalytic classes of ultradifferentiable functions. Zbl 0738.46009
Bonet, J.; Braun, R. W.; Meise, R.; Taylor, B. A.
1991
Linear chaos on Fréchet spaces. Zbl 1079.47008
Bonet, J.; Martínez-Giménez, F.; Peris, A.
2003
A Banach space which admits no chaotic operator. Zbl 1046.47008
Bonet, José; Martínez-Giménez, Félix; Peris, Alfredo
2001
Dual density conditions in (DF)-spaces. I. Zbl 0688.46002
Bierstedt, Klaus Dieter; Bonet, Jośe
1988
Some aspects of the modern theory of Fréchet spaces. Zbl 1085.46001
Bierstedt, Klaus D.; Bonet, José
2003
Hypercyclic and chaotic convolution operators. Zbl 0956.46029
Bonet, José
2000
A note on mean ergodic composition operators on spaces of holomorphic functions. Zbl 1275.47049
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł
2011
A note on weighted Banach spaces of holomorphic functions. Zbl 1047.46018
Bonet, José; Wolf, Elke
2003
Weakly compact composition operators on analytic vector-valued function spaces. Zbl 1075.47506
Bonet, José; Domański, Pawel; Lindström, Mikael
2001
Hypercyclic composition operators on spaces of real analytic functions. Zbl 1272.47037
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł
2012
Chaos of the differentiation operator on weighted Banach spaces of entire functions. Zbl 1353.47010
Bonet, José; Bonilla, Antonio
2013
Dynamics of the differentiation operator on weighted spaces of entire functions. Zbl 1157.47006
Bonet, José
2009
On mean ergodic operators. Zbl 1259.47013
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2010
On the range of the Borel map for classes of non-quasianalytic functions. Zbl 0769.46008
Bonet, J.; Meise, R.; Taylor, B. A.
1992
Pointwise multiplication operators on weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions. Zbl 0957.46018
Bonet, J.; Domański, P.; Lindström, M.
1999
Transitive and hypercyclic operators on locally convex spaces. Zbl 1150.47005
Bonet, J.; Frerick, L.; Peris, A.; Wengenroth, J.
2005
Convergence of arithmetic means of operators in Fréchet spaces. Zbl 1283.47017
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2013
Weighted $$(LF)$$-spaces of continuous functions. Zbl 0839.46015
Bierstedt, Klaus Dieter; Bonet, José
1994
$$C_{0}$$-semigroups and mean ergodic operators in a class of Fréchet spaces. Zbl 1192.47041
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2010
The splitting of exact sequences of PLS-spaces and smooth dependence of solutions of linear partial differential equations. Zbl 1144.46057
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł
2008
Real analytic curves in Fréchet spaces and their duals. Zbl 0918.46034
Bonet, José; Domański, Pawel
1998
Isometric weighted composition operators on weighted Banach spaces of type $$H^{\infty }$$. Zbl 1154.47017
Bonet, José; Lindström, Mikael; Wolf, Elke
2008
Mean ergodicity of multiplication operators in weighted spaces of holomorphic functions. Zbl 1216.47014
Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2009
Parameter dependence of solutions of differential equations on spaces of distributions and the splitting of short exact sequences. Zbl 1094.46006
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł
2006
The Cesàro operator in the Fréchet spaces $$\ell^{p+}$$ and $$L^{p-}$$. Zbl 06713810
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2017
Mean ergodic semigroups of operators. Zbl 1283.47016
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2012
Grothendieck spaces with the Dunford-Pettis property. Zbl 1196.46002
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2010
Montel resolvents and uniformly mean ergodic semigroups of linear operators. Zbl 1274.47005
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2013
Extension of vector-valued holomorphic and harmonic functions. Zbl 1141.46017
Bonet, José; Frerick, Leonhard; Jordá, Enrique
2007
On the range of convolution operators on non-quasianalytic ultradifferentiable functions. Zbl 0918.46039
Bonet, J.; Galbis, A.; Meise, R.
1997
Characterization of the $$\omega$$ hypoelliptic convolution operators on ultradistributions. Zbl 0956.46028
Bonet, J.; Fernández, C.; Meise, R.
2000
Classical operators on weighted Banach spaces of entire functions. Zbl 1282.47047
Beltrán, María J.; Bonet, José; Fernández, Carmen
2013
Fréchet spaces of Moscatelli type. Zbl 0757.46001
Bonet, José; Dierolf, Susanne
1989
Power bounded composition operators on spaces of analytic functions. Zbl 1231.47021
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł
2011
Parameter dependence of solutions of partial differential equations in spaces of real analytic functions. Zbl 0959.35016
Bonet, José; Domański, Pawel
2001
Biduality in Fréchet and (LB)-spaces. Zbl 0804.46007
Bierstedt, Klaus Dieter; Bonet, José
1992
On the injective tensor product of quasinormable spaces. Zbl 0754.46044
Bonet, José; Peris, Alfredo
1991
Density conditions on Fréchet and $$(DF)$$-spaces. Zbl 0745.46002
Bierstedt, Klaus Dieter; Bonet, José
1989
A question of Valdivia on quasinormable Fréchet spaces. Zbl 0698.46002
Bonet, José
1991
A note about Volterra operators on weighted Banach spaces of entire functions. Zbl 1342.47062
2015
Composition operators between weighted inductive limits of spaces of holomorphic functions. Zbl 1097.46013
Bonet, José; Friz, Miguel; Jordá, Enrique
2005
Whitney’s extension theorem for ultradifferentiable functions of Roumieu type. Zbl 0654.46029
Bonet, José; Meise, Reinhold; Taylor, B. Alan
1989
On weighted inductive limits of spaces of continuous functions. Zbl 0575.46025
Bonet, José
1986
Superposition operators between weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions of controlled growth. Zbl 1278.47056
Bonet, José; Vukotić, Dragan
2013
Schauder decompositions and the Grothendieck and Dunford–Pettis properties in Köthe echelon spaces of infinite order. Zbl 1131.46005
Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2007
The structure of spaces of quasianalytic functions of Roumieu type. Zbl 1147.46024
Bonet, José; Domański, Pawel
2007
Sampling sets and sufficient sets for $$A^{-\infty}$$. Zbl 1019.30026
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł
2003
On the continuous Cesàro operator in certain function spaces. Zbl 1354.47010
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2015
The spectrum of Volterra operators on weighted spaces of entire functions. Zbl 1342.47061
Bonet, José
2015
Mean ergodic operators and reflexive Fréchet lattices. Zbl 1238.47007
Bonet, José; de Pagter, Ben; Ricker, Werner J.
2011
Spectrum and compactness of the Cesàro operator on weighted $$\ell_p$$ spaces. Zbl 1336.47033
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2015
The problem of topologies of Grothendieck and the class of Fréchet T- spaces. Zbl 0754.46043
Bonet, José; Díaz, Juan Carlos
1991
Weighted spaces of holomorphic functions and operators between them. Zbl 1060.46019
Bonet, José
2003
Spaces of operators between Fréchet spaces. Zbl 0804.46011
Bonet, José; Lindström, Mikael
1994
The Cesàro operator on Korenblum type spaces of analytic functions. Zbl 06872995
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2018
Spectra and essential spectral radii of composition operators on weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions. Zbl 1138.47017
Bonet, José; Galindo, Pablo; Lindström, Mikael
2008
Dual density conditions in (DF)-spaces. II. Zbl 0688.46003
Bierstedt, Klaus Dieter; Bonet, Jośe
1988
The pullback for bornological and ultrabornological spaces. Zbl 1223.46003
Bonet, J.; Dierolf, S.
2006
Weighted $$(LB)$$-spaces of holomorphic functions: $$\nu H(G)=\nu_{0}H(G)$$ and completeness of $$\nu_{0}H(G)$$. Zbl 1119.46028
Bierstedt, Klaus D.; Bonet, José
2006
On distinguished Fréchet spaces. Zbl 0785.46003
Bonet, José; Dierolf, Susanne
1992
Two theorems of Josefson-Nissenzweig type for Fréchet spaces. Zbl 0785.46002
Bonet, J.; Lindström, M.; Valdivia, M.
1993
Topologizable operators on locally convex spaces. Zbl 1124.46031
Bonet, José
2007
Classical operators on the Hörmander algebras. Zbl 1359.47029
Beltrán, María José; Bonet, José; Fernández, Carmen
2015
Projective limits of weighted (LB)-spaces of continuous functions. Zbl 1176.46003
Agethen, Simone; Bierstedt, Klaus D.; Bonet, José
2009
The dual of the space of holomorphic functions on locally closed convex sets. Zbl 1094.46020
Bonet, José; Meise, Reinhold; Melikhov, Sergej N.
2005
Convergent sequences in duals of Fréchet spaces. Zbl 0804.46003
Bonet, José; Lindström, Mikael
1993
Completeness of the (LB)-spaces $${\mathcal V}C(X)$$. Zbl 0688.46004
Bierstedt, Klaus-Dieter; Bonet, José
1991
On the identity $$L(E,F)=LB(E,F)$$ for pairs of locally convex spaces E and F. Zbl 0683.46012
Bonet, José
1987
Tensor products of Fréchet or (DF)-spaces with a Banach space. Zbl 0776.46029
Bonet, José; Defant, Andreas; Galbis, Antonio
1992
Complete spaces of vector-valued holomorphic germs. Zbl 0824.46003
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł; Mujica, Jorge
1994
Locally bounded sets of holomorphic mappings. Zbl 0706.46033
Bonet, José; Galindo, Pablo; García, Domingo; Maestre, Manuel
1988
Every quojection is the quotient of a countable product of Banach spaces. Zbl 0711.46007
Bonet, J.; Maestre, M.; Metafune, G.; Moscatelli, V. B.; Vogt, D.
1989
Operator-weighted composition operators between weighted spaces of vector-valued analytic functions. Zbl 1263.47027
Bonet, José; Gómez-Collado, M. Carmen; Jornet, David; Wolf, Elke
2012
Noncomplete Mackey topologies on Banach spaces. Zbl 1205.46004
Bonet, José; Cascales, Bernardo
2010
Vector-valued meromorphic functions. Zbl 1021.46029
Bonet, José; Jordá, Enrique; Maestre, Manuel
2002
Solid hulls and cores of weighted $$H^\infty$$-spaces. Zbl 1406.46017
Bonet, José; Lusky, Wolfgang; Taskinen, Jari
2018
Nonradial Hörmander algebras of several variables and convolution operators. Zbl 0992.46020
Bonet, José; Galbis, Antonio; Momm, Siegfried
2001
Ultradistributions of Roumieu type and projective descriptions. Zbl 0978.46020
Bonet, José; Meise, Reinhold
2001
On the lifting of bounded sets in Fréchet spaces. Zbl 0792.46001
Bonet, José; Dierolf, Susanne
1993
The subspace problem for weighted inductive limits of spaces of holomorphic functions. Zbl 0841.46014
1995
Distinguished subspaces and quotients of Köthe echelon spaces. Zbl 0777.46007
Bonet, José; Diaz, Juan Carlos
1991
Remarks and examples concerning suprabarrelled and totally barrelled spaces. Zbl 0487.46001
Perez Carreras, Pedro; Bonet, Jose
1982
The canonical spectral measure in Köthe echelon spaces. Zbl 1109.46047
Bonet, J.; Ricker, W. J.
2005
Topological structure of the set of weighted composition operators on weighted Bergman spaces of infinite order. Zbl 1193.47030
Bonet, José; Lindström, Mikael; Wolf, Elke
2009
Projective description of weighted (LF)-spaces of holomorphic functions on the disc. Zbl 1060.46018
Bierstedt, Klaus D.; Bonet, José
2003
The Fréchet spaces $$ces(p+)$$, $$1<p<\infty$$. Zbl 1403.46005
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2018
Mean ergodic composition operators on generalized Fock spaces. Zbl 07164406
Seyoum, Werkaferahu; Mengestie, Tesfa; Bonet, José
2020
Multiplier and averaging operators in the Banach spaces $$ces(p), \, 1< p < \infty$$. Zbl 1421.46021
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2019
Operators on the Fréchet sequence spaces $$ces(p+)$$, $$1\le p<\infty$$. Zbl 1423.46007
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2019
Every separable complex Fréchet space with a continuous norm is isomorphic to a space of holomorphic functions. Zbl 1478.46003
Bonet, José
2021
Mean ergodic composition operators on generalized Fock spaces. Zbl 07164406
Seyoum, Werkaferahu; Mengestie, Tesfa; Bonet, José
2020
Operators acting in the dual spaces of discrete Cesàro spaces. Zbl 1439.46013
Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2020
On boundedness and compactness of Toeplitz operators in weighted $$H^\infty$$-spaces. Zbl 07173893
Bonet, José; Lusky, Wolfgang; Taskinen, Jari
2020
Associated weights for spaces of $$p$$-integrable entire functions. Zbl 07311597
Bonet, José; Mangino, Elisabetta M.
2020
A note about the spectrum of composition operators induced by a rotation. Zbl 07164802
Bonet, José
2020
The differentiation operator in the space of uniformly convergent Dirichlet series. Zbl 07261798
Bonet, José
2020
Multiplier and averaging operators in the Banach spaces $$ces(p), \, 1< p < \infty$$. Zbl 1421.46021
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2019
Operators on the Fréchet sequence spaces $$ces(p+)$$, $$1\le p<\infty$$. Zbl 1423.46007
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2019
Linear operators on the (LB)-sequence spaces $$\mathrm{ces}(p-)$$, $$1< p \le \infty$$. Zbl 1443.46002
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2019
Solid cores and solid hulls of weighted Bergman spaces. Zbl 1420.46026
Bonet, José; Lusky, Wolfgang; Taskinen, Jari
2019
The spectrum of Volterra operators on Korenblum type spaces of analytic functions. Zbl 07123547
Bonet, José
2019
Schauder bases and the decay rate of the heat equation. Zbl 1423.35131
Bonet, José; Lusky, Wolfgang; Taskinen, Jari
2019
The Cesàro operator on Korenblum type spaces of analytic functions. Zbl 06872995
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2018
Solid hulls and cores of weighted $$H^\infty$$-spaces. Zbl 1406.46017
Bonet, José; Lusky, Wolfgang; Taskinen, Jari
2018
The Fréchet spaces $$ces(p+)$$, $$1<p<\infty$$. Zbl 1403.46005
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2018
Solid hulls of weighted Banach spaces of entire functions. Zbl 1403.46023
2018
Solid hulls of weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions on the unit disc with exponential weights. Zbl 1398.46021
2018
The Cesàro operator in weighted $$\ell_1$$ spaces. Zbl 06898555
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2018
The Cesàro operator on power series spaces. Zbl 1464.47021
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2018
Mean ergodic multiplication operators on weighted spaces of continuous functions. Zbl 1482.47066
Bonet, José; Jordá, Enrique; Rodríguez, Alberto
2018
Monomial basis in Korenblum type spaces of analytic functions. Zbl 1408.46026
Bonet, José; Lusky, Wolfgang; Taskinen, Jari
2018
The Fréchet Schwartz algebra of uniformly convergent Dirichlet series. Zbl 1431.46002
Bonet, José
2018
The Cesàro operator on duals of power series spaces of infinite type. Zbl 1424.47010
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2018
The Cesàro operator in the Fréchet spaces $$\ell^{p+}$$ and $$L^{p-}$$. Zbl 06713810
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2017
A note on completeness of weighted normed spaces of analytic functions. Zbl 1394.46017
Bonet, José; Vukotić, Dragan
2017
A note on the spectrum of composition operators on spaces of real analytic functions. Zbl 1454.47036
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł
2017
Frames and representing systems in Fréchet spaces and their duals. Zbl 1369.46002
Bonet, J.; Fernández, C.; Galbis, A.; Ribera, J. M.
2017
Mean ergodicity and spectrum of the Cesàro operator on weighted $$c_0$$ spaces. Zbl 1356.47037
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2016
The Cesàro operator in growth Banach spaces of analytic functions. Zbl 1373.47028
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2016
Dynamics and spectrum of the Cesàro operator on $$C^\infty (\mathbb R_+)$$. Zbl 1358.47003
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2016
Erratum to: “Dynamics and spectrum of the Cesàro operator on $$C^\infty (\mathbb{R}_+)$$”. Zbl 1478.47003
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2016
A note about Volterra operators on weighted Banach spaces of entire functions. Zbl 1342.47062
2015
On the continuous Cesàro operator in certain function spaces. Zbl 1354.47010
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2015
The spectrum of Volterra operators on weighted spaces of entire functions. Zbl 1342.47061
Bonet, José
2015
Spectrum and compactness of the Cesàro operator on weighted $$\ell_p$$ spaces. Zbl 1336.47033
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2015
Classical operators on the Hörmander algebras. Zbl 1359.47029
Beltrán, María José; Bonet, José; Fernández, Carmen
2015
Abel’s functional equation and eigenvalues of composition operators on spaces of real analytic functions. Zbl 1331.47038
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł
2015
Abscissas of weak convergence of vector valued Dirichlet series. Zbl 1366.46003
Bonet, José
2015
Uniform mean ergodicity of $$C_0$$-semigroups in a class of Fréchet spaces. Zbl 1314.47060
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2014
Shrinking and boundedly complete Schauder frames in Fréchet spaces. Zbl 1307.42027
Bonet, José; Fernández, Carmen; Galbis, Antonio; Ribera, Juan M.
2014
Uniform convergence and spectra of operators in a class of Fréchet spaces. Zbl 1472.47006
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2014
The range of the restriction map for a multiplicity variety in Hörmander algebras of entire functions. Zbl 1318.46013
Bonet, José; Fernández, Carmen
2014
Chaos of the differentiation operator on weighted Banach spaces of entire functions. Zbl 1353.47010
Bonet, José; Bonilla, Antonio
2013
Convergence of arithmetic means of operators in Fréchet spaces. Zbl 1283.47017
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2013
Montel resolvents and uniformly mean ergodic semigroups of linear operators. Zbl 1274.47005
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2013
Classical operators on weighted Banach spaces of entire functions. Zbl 1282.47047
Beltrán, María J.; Bonet, José; Fernández, Carmen
2013
Superposition operators between weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions of controlled growth. Zbl 1278.47056
Bonet, José; Vukotić, Dragan
2013
On the theorem of Borel for quasianalytic classes. Zbl 1282.46024
Bonet, José; Meise, Reinhold
2013
Hypercyclic composition operators on spaces of real analytic functions. Zbl 1272.47037
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł
2012
Mean ergodic semigroups of operators. Zbl 1283.47016
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2012
Operator-weighted composition operators between weighted spaces of vector-valued analytic functions. Zbl 1263.47027
Bonet, José; Gómez-Collado, M. Carmen; Jornet, David; Wolf, Elke
2012
The division problem for tempered distributions of one variable. Zbl 1246.46041
Bonet, José; Frerick, Leonhard; Jordá, Enrique
2012
Norm-attaining weighted composition operators on weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions. Zbl 1259.47027
Bonet, José; Lindström, Mikael; Wolf, Elke
2012
Fréchet spaces with no infinite-dimensional Banach quotients. Zbl 1261.46001
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José
2012
Factorization of weakly compact operators between Banach spaces and Fréchet or (LB)-spaces. Zbl 1289.46001
Bonet, José; Wright, J. D. Maitland
2012
A note on mean ergodic composition operators on spaces of holomorphic functions. Zbl 1275.47049
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł
2011
Power bounded composition operators on spaces of analytic functions. Zbl 1231.47021
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł
2011
Mean ergodic operators and reflexive Fréchet lattices. Zbl 1238.47007
Bonet, José; de Pagter, Ben; Ricker, Werner J.
2011
Spaces of Moscatelli type. A survey. Zbl 1257.46002
Bonet, José; Fernandez, Carmen
2011
Bornological projective limits of inductive limits of normed spaces. Zbl 1242.46004
Bonet, José; Wegner, Sven-Ake
2011
On mean ergodic operators. Zbl 1259.47013
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2010
$$C_{0}$$-semigroups and mean ergodic operators in a class of Fréchet spaces. Zbl 1192.47041
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2010
Grothendieck spaces with the Dunford-Pettis property. Zbl 1196.46002
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2010
Noncomplete Mackey topologies on Banach spaces. Zbl 1205.46004
Bonet, José; Cascales, Bernardo
2010
A problem on the structure of Fréchet spaces. Zbl 1262.46001
Bonet, José
2010
Köthe coechelon spaces as locally convex algebras. Zbl 1222.46037
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł
2010
Mean ergodic operators in Fréchet spaces. Zbl 1194.47012
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2009
Dynamics of the differentiation operator on weighted spaces of entire functions. Zbl 1157.47006
Bonet, José
2009
Mean ergodicity of multiplication operators in weighted spaces of holomorphic functions. Zbl 1216.47014
Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2009
Projective limits of weighted (LB)-spaces of continuous functions. Zbl 1176.46003
Agethen, Simone; Bierstedt, Klaus D.; Bonet, José
2009
Topological structure of the set of weighted composition operators on weighted Bergman spaces of infinite order. Zbl 1193.47030
Bonet, José; Lindström, Mikael; Wolf, Elke
2009
Convolution operators on quasianalytic classes of Roumieu type. Zbl 1189.46016
Bonet, José; Meise, Reinhold
2009
Differences of composition operators between weighted Banach spaces of holomorphic functions. Zbl 1145.47020
Bonet, José; Lindström, Mikael; Wolf, Elke
2008
The splitting of exact sequences of PLS-spaces and smooth dependence of solutions of linear partial differential equations. Zbl 1144.46057
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł
2008
Isometric weighted composition operators on weighted Banach spaces of type $$H^{\infty }$$. Zbl 1154.47017
Bonet, José; Lindström, Mikael; Wolf, Elke
2008
Spectra and essential spectral radii of composition operators on weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions. Zbl 1138.47017
Bonet, José; Galindo, Pablo; Lindström, Mikael
2008
Characterization of the convolution operators on quasianalytic classes of Beurling type that admit a continuous linear right inverse. Zbl 1134.42002
Bonet, José; Meise, Reinhold
2008
Weighted inductive limits of spaces of entire functions. Zbl 1182.46013
Bierstedt, Klaus D.; Bonet, José; Taskinen, Jari
2008
A comparison of two different ways to define classes of ultradifferentiable functions. Zbl 1165.26015
Bonet, José; Meise, Reinhold; Melikhov, Sergej N.
2007
Extension of vector-valued holomorphic and harmonic functions. Zbl 1141.46017
Bonet, José; Frerick, Leonhard; Jordá, Enrique
2007
Schauder decompositions and the Grothendieck and Dunford–Pettis properties in Köthe echelon spaces of infinite order. Zbl 1131.46005
Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2007
The structure of spaces of quasianalytic functions of Roumieu type. Zbl 1147.46024
Bonet, José; Domański, Pawel
2007
Topologizable operators on locally convex spaces. Zbl 1124.46031
Bonet, José
2007
Ultradifferentiable fundamental kernels of linear partial differential operators on non-quasianalytic casses of Roumieu type. Zbl 1139.35037
Albanese, Angela A.; Bonet, José
2007
Parameter dependence of solutions of differential equations on spaces of distributions and the splitting of short exact sequences. Zbl 1094.46006
Bonet, José; Domański, Paweł
2006
The pullback for bornological and ultrabornological spaces. Zbl 1223.46003
Bonet, J.; Dierolf, S.
2006
Weighted $$(LB)$$-spaces of holomorphic functions: $$\nu H(G)=\nu_{0}H(G)$$ and completeness of $$\nu_{0}H(G)$$. Zbl 1119.46028
Bierstedt, Klaus D.; Bonet, José
2006
The canonical spectral measure and Köthe function spaces. Zbl 1137.46027
Bonet, José; Okada, Susumu; Ricker, Werner J.
2006
Transitive and hypercyclic operators on locally convex spaces. Zbl 1150.47005
Bonet, J.; Frerick, L.; Peris, A.; Wengenroth, J.
2005
Composition operators between weighted inductive limits of spaces of holomorphic functions. Zbl 1097.46013
Bonet, José; Friz, Miguel; Jordá, Enrique
2005
The dual of the space of holomorphic functions on locally closed convex sets. Zbl 1094.46020
Bonet, José; Meise, Reinhold; Melikhov, Sergej N.
2005
The canonical spectral measure in Köthe echelon spaces. Zbl 1109.46047
Bonet, J.; Ricker, W. J.
2005
Weighted $$L^{\infty}$$-estimates for Bergman projections. Zbl 1082.47027
Bonet, José; Engliš, Miroslav; Taskinen, Jari
2005
Universal and chaotic multipliers on spaces of operators. Zbl 1062.47011
Bonet, José; Martínez-Giménez, Félix; Peris, Alfredo
2004
Projective representations of spaces of quasianalytic functionals. Zbl 1062.46022
Bonet, José; Meise, Reinhold; Melikhov, Sergeĭ N.
2004
Spectral measures in classes of Fréchet spaces. Zbl 1093.46021
Bonet, José; Ricker, Werner J.
2004
Linear chaos on Fréchet spaces. Zbl 1079.47008
Bonet, J.; Martínez-Giménez, F.; Peris, A.
2003
Some aspects of the modern theory of Fréchet spaces. Zbl 1085.46001
Bierstedt, Klaus D.; Bonet, José
2003
A note on weighted Banach spaces of holomorphic functions. Zbl 1047.46018
Bonet, José; Wolf, Elke
2003
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### Cited by 615 Authors
103 Bonet Solves, José 42 Kąkol, Jerzy 35 Albanese, Angela Anna 35 Peris, Alfredo 26 Ricker, Werner Joseph 24 Jornet, David 23 Domański, Pawel Jan 23 Lindström, Mikael 21 Wolf, Elke 20 Jordá, Enrique 20 Schindl, Gerhard 19 Taskinen, Jari 19 Zhou, Zehua 18 Saxon, Stephen A. 17 Fernández, Carmen 17 Ferrando, Juan Carlos 16 Galbis, Antonio 16 Qiu, Jinghui 15 Díaz, Juan Carlos 15 López Pellicer, Manuel 15 Martínez-Giménez, Félix 14 Paúl, Pedro José 13 Abanin, Aleksandr Vasil’evich 13 Bernal-Gonzàlez, Luis 12 Bonilla, Antonio 12 Florencio, Miguel 12 Gabriyelyan, Saak S. 12 Galindo, Pablo 12 Phạm Trọng Tiến 11 Conejero, José Alberto 11 Defant, Andreas 11 Lusky, Wolfgang 11 Rainer, Armin 11 Sanz, Javier 11 Wegner, Sven-Ake 11 Wengenroth, Jochen 10 Boiti, Chiara 10 Dierolf, Susanne 10 Lê Hai Khôi 10 Shkarin, Stanislav A. 9 Bès, Juan P. 9 Boyd, Christopher 9 Kalmes, Thomas 9 Leiderman, Arkady G. 9 Sevilla-Peris, Pablo 8 Frerick, Leonhard 8 Melikhov, Sergeĭ Nikolaevich 8 Menet, Quentin 8 Oliaro, Alessandro 8 Piszczek, Krzysztof 8 Rueda, Pilar 7 Bierstedt, Klaus-Dieter 7 Debrouwere, Andreas 7 Doubtsov, Evgueni Sergeevich 7 Jiménez-Garrido, Javier 7 Mangino, Elisabetta M. 7 Mengestie, Tesfa Y. 7 Stević, Stevo 6 Chan, Kit Chak 6 Dineen, Seán 6 García, Domingo 6 Gómez-Collado, M. Carmen 6 Grosse-Erdmann, Karl-Goswin 6 Langenbruch, Michael 6 Maestre, Manuel 6 Ramos-Fernández, Julio C. 6 Singh Manhas, Jasbir 5 Abakumov, Evgeny V. 5 Beltrán-Meneu, María J. 5 Colonna, Flavia 5 Gilmore, Clifford 5 Gupta, Manjul 5 He, Fei 5 Hyvärinen, Olli 5 Kruse, Karsten 5 Lastra, Alberto 5 Liang, Yuxia 5 Mayoral, Fernando 5 Mele, Claudio 5 Müller, Vladimír 5 Oubbi, Lahbib 5 Rezaei, Hamid 5 Saksman, Eero 5 Sánchez Ruiz, Luis Manuel 5 Śliwa, Wiesław 5 Valdivia Ureña, Manuel 5 Wang, Maofa 4 Ardalani, Mohammad Ali 4 Bastin, Françoise 4 Beltrán, María José 4 Bermúdez, Teresa 4 Bernardes, Nilson C. jun. 4 Betancor Perez, Jorge Juan 4 Calderón-Moreno, María del Carmen 4 Costakis, George 4 Dierolf, Bernhard 4 Drewnowski, Lech 4 Girela, Daniel 4 Grivaux, Sophie 4 Hassanlou, Mostafa ...and 515 more Authors
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### Cited in 169 Serials
135 Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 55 Revista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Serie A: Matemáticas. RACSAM 40 Archiv der Mathematik 38 Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 37 Results in Mathematics 32 Complex Analysis and Operator Theory 31 Mathematische Nachrichten 28 Journal of Functional Analysis 21 Integral Equations and Operator Theory 19 Functiones et Approximatio. Commentarii Mathematici 18 Monatshefte für Mathematik 17 Mediterranean Journal of Mathematics 16 Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal 15 Topology and its Applications 13 Collectanea Mathematica 10 Abstract and Applied Analysis 10 Acta Mathematica Sinica. English Series 9 Studia Mathematica 9 Advances in Mathematics 9 Mathematische Zeitschrift 9 Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 9 Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society 8 Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics 8 Journal of Approximation Theory 8 Positivity 7 Annales Polonici Mathematici 7 Manuscripta Mathematica 7 Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society. Series II 7 Revista Matemática Complutense 7 Complex Variables and Elliptic Equations 6 Israel Journal of Mathematics 6 Applied Mathematics and Computation 6 Glasgow Mathematical Journal 6 Mathematische Annalen 6 Bulletin of the Malaysian Mathematical Sciences Society. Second Series 6 Computational Methods and Function Theory 5 Numerical Functional Analysis and Optimization 5 Publications of the Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Kyoto University 5 Quaestiones Mathematicae 5 Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems 5 International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos in Applied Sciences and Engineering 5 Taiwanese Journal of Mathematics 5 Banach Journal of Mathematical Analysis 5 Journal of Pseudo-Differential Operators and Applications 4 Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 4 Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 4 Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata. Serie Quarta 4 Siberian Mathematical Journal 4 Indagationes Mathematicae. New Series 4 Journal of Mathematical Sciences (New York) 4 Turkish Journal of Mathematics 4 Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae. Mathematica 4 Journal of Function Spaces 3 Functional Analysis and its Applications 3 Journal of Differential Equations 3 Rendiconti del Circolo Matemàtico di Palermo. Serie II 3 Semigroup Forum 3 Revista Matemática Iberoamericana 3 Bulletin of the Belgian Mathematical Society - Simon Stevin 3 Mathematical Inequalities & Applications 3 Central European Journal of Mathematics 3 Operators and Matrices 3 Asian-European Journal of Mathematics 3 Advances in Operator Theory 2 Mathematical Notes 2 Ukrainian Mathematical Journal 2 Arkiv för Matematik 2 Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society 2 Illinois Journal of Mathematics 2 International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2 Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra 2 Acta Applicandae Mathematicae 2 Annals of Global Analysis and Geometry 2 Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série 2 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section A. Mathematics 2 Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. New Series 2 Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences. Mathematical Sciences 2 Russian Mathematics 2 Applied Categorical Structures 2 Journal of Convex Analysis 2 Bulletin des Sciences Mathématiques 2 Integral Transforms and Special Functions 2 Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems 2 Journal of Inequalities and Applications 2 Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society 2 Comptes Rendus. Mathématique. Académie des Sciences, Paris 2 Vladikavkazskiĭ Matematicheskiĭ Zhurnal 2 Hacettepe Journal of Mathematics and Statistics 2 Journal of Function Spaces and Applications 2 Advances in Difference Equations 2 Ufimskiĭ Matematicheskiĭ Zhurnal 2 Kyoto Journal of Mathematics 2 Annals of Functional Analysis 2 Analysis and Mathematical Physics 2 Caspian Journal of Mathematical Sciences 2 Concrete Operators 2 Sahand Communications in Mathematical Analysis 2 Open Mathematics 2 Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society. Series B 1 Communications in Algebra ...and 69 more Serials
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### Cited in 44 Fields
645 Functional analysis (46-XX) 465 Operator theory (47-XX) 156 Functions of a complex variable (30-XX) 64 Several complex variables and analytic spaces (32-XX) 55 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 55 General topology (54-XX) 41 Real functions (26-XX) 34 Dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-XX) 25 Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces (42-XX) 20 Integral transforms, operational calculus (44-XX) 18 Global analysis, analysis on manifolds (58-XX) 17 Topological groups, Lie groups (22-XX) 15 Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization (49-XX) 14 Measure and integration (28-XX) 12 Category theory; homological algebra (18-XX) 12 Ordinary differential equations (34-XX) 9 Sequences, series, summability (40-XX) 9 Abstract harmonic analysis (43-XX) 7 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 5 Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory (15-XX) 5 Potential theory (31-XX) 5 Approximations and expansions (41-XX) 5 Integral equations (45-XX) 5 Numerical analysis (65-XX) 4 Mathematical logic and foundations (03-XX) 3 Nonassociative rings and algebras (17-XX) 3 Group theory and generalizations (20-XX) 3 Difference and functional equations (39-XX) 3 Quantum theory (81-XX) 2 History and biography (01-XX) 2 Combinatorics (05-XX) 2 Number theory (11-XX) 2 Algebraic geometry (14-XX) 2 Associative rings and algebras (16-XX) 2 Special functions (33-XX) 2 Computer science (68-XX) 2 Mechanics of particles and systems (70-XX) 2 Operations research, mathematical programming (90-XX) 1 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 1 Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures (06-XX) 1 $$K$$-theory (19-XX) 1 Convex and discrete geometry (52-XX) 1 Differential geometry (53-XX) 1 Manifolds and cell complexes (57-XX)
### Wikidata Timeline
The data are displayed as stored in Wikidata under a Creative Commons CC0 License. Updates and corrections should be made in Wikidata.
| 2022-07-03T05:34:48 |
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https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=rv%3A3267
|
# zbMATH — the first resource for mathematics
## Cuculescu, Ion
Compute Distance To:
Author ID: cuculescu.ion Published as: Cuculescu, I.; Cuculescu, Ioan; Cuculescu, Ion External Links: Wikidata
Documents Indexed: 51 Publications since 1958, including 7 Books Reviewing Activity: 165 Reviews
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#### Co-Authors
32 single-authored 12 Theodorescu, Radu 2 Onicescu, Octav 1 Bally, Vlad 1 Bertin, Emile Marie Joseph 1 Dinescu, Gabriela 1 Foiaş, Ciprian Ilie 1 Kleitsch, Ştefan 1 Oprea, Ana Gabriela 1 Ottescu, Constantin 1 Sîmboan, Gabriel
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#### Serials
21 Revue Roumaine de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées 5 Studii şi Cercetări Matematice 2 Journal of Multivariate Analysis 2 Mathematics and its Applications (Dordrecht) 1 Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. Serie Ottava. Rendiconti. Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali 1 Gazeta Matematică 1 Bollettino della Unione Matemàtica Italiana. Serie VII. B 1 Revista Investigación Operacional 1 Australian & New Zealand Journal of Statistics 1 Comptes Rendus. Mathématique. Académie des Sciences, Paris 1 Comunicările Academiei Republicii Populare Române 1 Académie de la République Populaire Roumaine, Revue de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées 1 Analele Universităţii Bucureşti, Matematică-Mecanica 1 Bulletin Mathématique de la Société des Sciences Mathématiques et Physiques de la République Populaire Roumaine. Nouvelle Série 1 Gazeta Matematica. Serie A 1 Analele Universitaţii C. I. Parhon Bucureşti, Seria Ştiinţele Naturii
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#### Fields
28 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 7 Statistics (62-XX) 3 History and biography (01-XX) 3 Functional analysis (46-XX) 1 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 1 Number theory (11-XX) 1 Field theory and polynomials (12-XX) 1 Nonassociative rings and algebras (17-XX) 1 Measure and integration (28-XX) 1 Operator theory (47-XX) 1 Geometry (51-XX) 1 Convex and discrete geometry (52-XX) 1 Operations research, mathematical programming (90-XX)
#### Citations contained in zbMATH Open
12 Publications have been cited 118 times in 109 Documents Cited by Year
Martingales on von Neumann algebras. Zbl 0254.60031
Cuculescu, I.
1971
Copulas: Diagonals, tracks. Zbl 1032.60009
2001
Multiplicative strong unimodality. Zbl 0940.62013
1998
Unimodality of probability measures. Zbl 0876.60001
Bertin, Emile M. J.; Cuculescu, Ioan; Theodorescu, Radu
1997
Extreme value attractors for star unimodal copulas. Zbl 0996.60026
2002
Noncommutative probability. Zbl 0837.46050
Cuculescu, I.; Oprea, A. G.
1994
Are copulas unimodal? Zbl 1028.60009
2003
Supermartingales on $$W^*$$-algebras. Zbl 0184.40703
Cuculescu, I.
1969
An individual ergodic theorem for positive operators. Zbl 0165.16203
Cuculescu, I.; Foiaš, Ciprian
1966
Spectral families and stochastic integrals. Zbl 0212.19402
Cuculescu, I.
1970
Nonuniformly integrable nonnegative martingales. Zbl 0212.20002
Cuculescu, I.
1970
Maximum domain of attraction for copulas. Zbl 1050.62060
Cuculescu, I.; Theodorescu, R.
2003
Are copulas unimodal? Zbl 1028.60009
2003
Maximum domain of attraction for copulas. Zbl 1050.62060
Cuculescu, I.; Theodorescu, R.
2003
Extreme value attractors for star unimodal copulas. Zbl 0996.60026
2002
Copulas: Diagonals, tracks. Zbl 1032.60009
2001
Multiplicative strong unimodality. Zbl 0940.62013
1998
Unimodality of probability measures. Zbl 0876.60001
Bertin, Emile M. J.; Cuculescu, Ioan; Theodorescu, Radu
1997
Noncommutative probability. Zbl 0837.46050
Cuculescu, I.; Oprea, A. G.
1994
Martingales on von Neumann algebras. Zbl 0254.60031
Cuculescu, I.
1971
Spectral families and stochastic integrals. Zbl 0212.19402
Cuculescu, I.
1970
Nonuniformly integrable nonnegative martingales. Zbl 0212.20002
Cuculescu, I.
1970
Supermartingales on $$W^*$$-algebras. Zbl 0184.40703
Cuculescu, I.
1969
An individual ergodic theorem for positive operators. Zbl 0165.16203
Cuculescu, I.; Foiaš, Ciprian
1966
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#### Cited in 54 Serials
11 Fuzzy Sets and Systems 7 Journal of Functional Analysis 6 Journal of Multivariate Analysis 6 Kybernetika 5 Statistics & Probability Letters 4 Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 4 Information Sciences 4 Comptes Rendus. Mathématique. Académie des Sciences, Paris 3 Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 3 The Annals of Probability 3 Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 3 Zeitschrift für Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und Verwandte Gebiete 3 Dependence Modeling 2 Communications in Mathematical Physics 2 Israel Journal of Mathematics 2 Journal of Mathematical Physics 2 Insurance Mathematics & Economics 2 Revista Matemática Iberoamericana 1 Reports on Mathematical Physics 1 Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics 1 Scandinavian Journal of Statistics 1 Ukrainian Mathematical Journal 1 Advances in Mathematics 1 Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics 1 The Annals of Statistics 1 Archiv der Mathematik 1 Canadian Journal of Mathematics 1 Duke Mathematical Journal 1 Functional Analysis and its Applications 1 Integral Equations and Operator Theory 1 Journal of Applied Probability 1 Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference 1 Mathematische Nachrichten 1 Michigan Mathematical Journal 1 Statistica Neerlandica 1 Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 1 Acta Mathematica Hungarica 1 Probability Theory and Related Fields 1 International Journal of Approximate Reasoning 1 Journal of Theoretical Probability 1 Journal of the American Mathematical Society 1 Linear Algebra and its Applications 1 Computational Statistics and Data Analysis 1 Mathematical Programming. Series A. Series B 1 SIAM Journal on Optimization 1 Turkish Journal of Mathematics 1 Bernoulli 1 Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 1 Stochastics 1 Journal of Statistical Theory and Practice 1 Studies in History and Philosophy of Science. Part B. Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 1 Science China. Mathematics 1 Forum of Mathematics, Sigma 1 ISRN Probability and Statistics
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#### Cited in 20 Fields
60 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 42 Functional analysis (46-XX) 42 Statistics (62-XX) 11 Operator theory (47-XX) 7 Measure and integration (28-XX) 7 Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces (42-XX) 5 Computer science (68-XX) 5 Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences (91-XX) 4 Real functions (26-XX) 3 Dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-XX) 3 Operations research, mathematical programming (90-XX) 2 Quantum theory (81-XX) 1 Mathematical logic and foundations (03-XX) 1 Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory (15-XX) 1 Sequences, series, summability (40-XX) 1 Convex and discrete geometry (52-XX) 1 General topology (54-XX) 1 Statistical mechanics, structure of matter (82-XX) 1 Biology and other natural sciences (92-XX) 1 Information and communication theory, circuits (94-XX)
#### Wikidata Timeline
The data are displayed as stored in Wikidata under a Creative Commons CC0 License. Updates and corrections should be made in Wikidata.
| 2021-09-28T19:23:23 |
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https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai%3Aspivak.michael
|
## Spivak, Michael
Compute Distance To:
Author ID: spivak.michael Published as: Spivak, Michael External Links: MGP · Wikidata · GND · IdRef
Documents Indexed: 23 Publications since 1965, including 20 Books 3 Further Contributions
### Co-Authors
23 single-authored 2 Milnor, John Willard 1 Albis González, Víctor Samuel 1 Brieva-Bustillo, E.
### Serials
1 Topology 1 Annals of Mathematics Studies 1 Seminar on Mathematical Sciences 1 Texts and Readings in Mathematics
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### Fields
14 Differential geometry (53-XX) 7 Global analysis, analysis on manifolds (58-XX) 5 Algebraic topology (55-XX) 4 Manifolds and cell complexes (57-XX) 3 Topological groups, Lie groups (22-XX) 3 Real functions (26-XX) 3 Mechanics of particles and systems (70-XX) 2 Field theory and polynomials (12-XX) 2 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 2 Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization (49-XX) 1 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 1 History and biography (01-XX) 1 Geometry (51-XX)
### Citations contained in zbMATH Open
23 Publications have been cited 1,708 times in 1,244 Documents Cited by Year
Morse theory. Based on lecture notes by M. Spivak and R. Wells. Zbl 0108.10401
Milnor, John W.
1963
Calculus on manifolds. A modern approach to classical theorems of advanced calculus. Zbl 0141.05403
Spivak, Michael
1965
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. I. 2nd ed. Zbl 0439.53001
Spivak, Michael
1979
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. 1-5. 3rd ed. with corrections. Zbl 1213.53001
Spivak, Michael
1999
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. III. 2nd ed. Zbl 0439.53003
Spivak, Michael
1979
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. 1. Zbl 0202.52001
Spivak, Michael
1970
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. II. 2nd ed. Zbl 0439.53002
Spivak, Michael
1979
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. 3. Zbl 0306.53001
Spivak, Michael
1975
Spaces satisfying Poincaré duality. Zbl 0185.50904
Spivak, Michael
1967
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. 4. Zbl 0306.53002
Spivak, Michael
1975
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. V. 2nd ed. Zbl 0439.53005
Spivak, Michael
1979
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. 5. Zbl 0306.53003
Spivak, Michael
1975
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. 2. Zbl 0202.52201
Spivak, Michael
1970
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. IV. 2nd ed. Zbl 0439.53004
Spivak, Michael
1979
Calculus. Zbl 0159.34302
Spivak, Michael
1967
Calculus on manifolds. Zbl 0173.05104
Spivak, Michael
1968
Calculus on manifolds. A modern approach to classical theorems of advanced calculus. (Analiza na rozmaitosciach. Nowoczesne podejscie do klasycznych twierdzen zaawansowanej analizy.). Zbl 0381.58003
Spivak, Michael
1977
Calculus. 4th ed. Zbl 1272.26002
Spivak, Michael
2008
Morse theory. Based on lecture notes by M. Spivak and R. Wells. Reprint of the 1963 original published by Princeton University Press. Zbl 1281.58005
Milnor, John W.
2013
Physics for mathematicians. Mechanics I. Zbl 1281.70001
Spivak, Michael
2010
Calculus. 2nd ed. Zbl 0458.26001
Spivak, Michael
1980
Calculus. Corrected 3rd ed. Zbl 1117.26002
Spivak, Michael
2006
Some left-over problems from classical differential geometry. Zbl 0306.53004
Spivak, Michael
1975
Morse theory. Based on lecture notes by M. Spivak and R. Wells. Reprint of the 1963 original published by Princeton University Press. Zbl 1281.58005
Milnor, John W.
2013
Physics for mathematicians. Mechanics I. Zbl 1281.70001
Spivak, Michael
2010
Calculus. 4th ed. Zbl 1272.26002
Spivak, Michael
2008
Calculus. Corrected 3rd ed. Zbl 1117.26002
Spivak, Michael
2006
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. 1-5. 3rd ed. with corrections. Zbl 1213.53001
Spivak, Michael
1999
Calculus. 2nd ed. Zbl 0458.26001
Spivak, Michael
1980
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. I. 2nd ed. Zbl 0439.53001
Spivak, Michael
1979
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. III. 2nd ed. Zbl 0439.53003
Spivak, Michael
1979
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. II. 2nd ed. Zbl 0439.53002
Spivak, Michael
1979
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. V. 2nd ed. Zbl 0439.53005
Spivak, Michael
1979
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. IV. 2nd ed. Zbl 0439.53004
Spivak, Michael
1979
Calculus on manifolds. A modern approach to classical theorems of advanced calculus. (Analiza na rozmaitosciach. Nowoczesne podejscie do klasycznych twierdzen zaawansowanej analizy.). Zbl 0381.58003
Spivak, Michael
1977
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. 3. Zbl 0306.53001
Spivak, Michael
1975
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. 4. Zbl 0306.53002
Spivak, Michael
1975
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. 5. Zbl 0306.53003
Spivak, Michael
1975
Some left-over problems from classical differential geometry. Zbl 0306.53004
Spivak, Michael
1975
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. 1. Zbl 0202.52001
Spivak, Michael
1970
A comprehensive introduction to differential geometry. Vol. 2. Zbl 0202.52201
Spivak, Michael
1970
Calculus on manifolds. Zbl 0173.05104
Spivak, Michael
1968
Spaces satisfying Poincaré duality. Zbl 0185.50904
Spivak, Michael
1967
Calculus. Zbl 0159.34302
Spivak, Michael
1967
Calculus on manifolds. A modern approach to classical theorems of advanced calculus. Zbl 0141.05403
Spivak, Michael
1965
Morse theory. Based on lecture notes by M. Spivak and R. Wells. Zbl 0108.10401
Milnor, John W.
1963
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### Cited by 1,751 Authors
14 Garcia, Ronaldo A. 11 Sotomayor, Jorge 9 Dajczer, Marcos 7 Klein, John Robert 6 Bürgisser, Peter 6 Fiori, Simone 5 Atzberger, Paul J. 5 Bank, Bernd 5 Düldül, Mustafa 5 Giusti, Marc 5 Heintz, Joos 5 Larsen, Jens Christian 5 Lewicka, Marta 5 Mira, Pablo 5 Pinkall, Ulrich 5 Romani, Giuliano 5 Schlenker, Jean-Marc 5 Vlachos, Theodoros 4 Amat, Sergio P. 4 Bernig, Andreas 4 Busquier, Sonia 4 Ciarlet, Philippe Gaston 4 de Azevedo Tribuzy, Renato 4 Erişir, Tülay 4 Eschenburg, Jost-Hinrich 4 Gálvez, Jose Antonio 4 Gross, B. J. 4 Guadalupe, Irwen Válle 4 Jenssen, Helge Kristian 4 Kogan, Irina A. 4 Krejčiřík, David 4 Kuruoğlu, Nuri 4 Li, Jiayu 4 López Camino, Rafael 4 Mardare, Cristinel 4 Markvorsen, Steen 4 Mora, Maria Giovanna 4 Ortega, Romeo S. 4 Palmas, Oscar 4 Plaza, Sergio 4 Rheinboldt, Werner C. 4 Sabitov, Idzhad Khakovich 4 Yao, Pengfei 4 Zheng, Hong 4 Zwiebach, Barton 3 Abdel-All, Nassar Hassan 3 Abedi, Reza 3 Aléssio, Osmar 3 Amelunxen, Dennis 3 Anderson, Ian M. 3 Anderson, Michael T. 3 Angenent, Sigurd Bernardus 3 Argyros, Ioannis Konstantinos 3 Audoly, Basile 3 Baillif, Mathieu 3 Bates, Larry M. 3 Boon, Wietse M. 3 Bratishchev, Aleksandr Vasil’evich 3 Broer, Henk W. 3 Capobianco, Giuseppe 3 Cazals, Frédéric 3 Chen, Gui-Qiang G. 3 Choe, Jaigyoung 3 Cruttwell, G. S. H. 3 Dillen, Franki 3 Duits, Remco 3 Düldül, Bahar Uyar 3 Eugster, Simon R. 3 Foote, Robert L. 3 Garay, Oscar Jesus 3 Ghomi, Mohammad 3 Guillot, Adolfo 3 Gungor, Mehmet Ali 3 Haber, Robert Bruce 3 Hamann, Bernd 3 Han, Xiaoli 3 Hilout, Saïd 3 Howard, Ralph E. 3 Hurtado, Ana 3 Iliev, Bozhidar Zakhariev 3 Ivanova-Karatopraklieva, Ivanka I. 3 Koenderink, Jan J. 3 Labourie, François 3 Law, Peter R. 3 Lembo, Marzio 3 Leung, Pui-Fai 3 Li, Haizhong 3 Lopes, Débora 3 Malchiodi, Andrea 3 Miller, Scott T. 3 Morvan, Jean-Marie 3 Nicolò, Francesco 3 Nomizu, Katsumi 3 Olver, Peter John 3 Palmer, Vicente 3 Pardo, Luis Miguel 3 Patrangenaru, Victor 3 Peralta-Salas, Daniel 3 Pomet, Jean-Baptiste 3 Portmann, Fabian ...and 1,651 more Authors
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### Cited in 372 Serials
35 Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 26 Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 25 Journal of Geometry and Physics 22 Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 20 Mathematische Annalen 20 Differential Geometry and its Applications 18 Mathematische Zeitschrift 18 The Journal of Geometric Analysis 16 Computer Aided Geometric Design 15 Communications in Mathematical Physics 15 Annals of Global Analysis and Geometry 14 Journal of Differential Equations 14 Results in Mathematics 13 Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis 13 Journal of Computational Physics 13 Applied Mathematics and Computation 13 Duke Mathematical Journal 11 General Relativity and Gravitation 11 Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics 11 Topology and its Applications 10 International Journal of Theoretical Physics 10 Journal of Mathematical Physics 10 Geometriae Dedicata 10 Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 10 Manuscripta Mathematica 10 International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 9 Advances in Mathematics 9 The Annals of Statistics 9 Automatica 9 Journal of Geometry 9 Journal of Mathematical Sciences (New York) 9 Comptes Rendus. Mathématique. Académie des Sciences, Paris 8 Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 8 Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata. Serie Quarta 8 Journal of Elasticity 8 Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision 8 Journal of Nonlinear Science 8 Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations 7 Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 7 Nuclear Physics. B 7 Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal 7 Inventiones Mathematicae 7 Kodai Mathematical Journal 7 Systems & Control Letters 7 Communications in Partial Differential Equations 7 Linear Algebra and its Applications 7 Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. New Series 6 Biological Cybernetics 6 Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics 6 Annales de l’Institut Fourier 6 Archiv der Mathematik 6 Journal of Mathematical Economics 6 Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications 6 Nonlinear Analysis. Theory, Methods & Applications. Series A: Theory and Methods 6 Numerische Mathematik 6 Rendiconti del Seminario Matematico della Università di Padova 6 Tôhoku Mathematical Journal. Second Series 6 Physica D 6 Stochastic Processes and their Applications 6 International Journal of Modern Physics D 6 Geometry & Topology 6 Bulletin of the Brazilian Mathematical Society. New Series 5 International Journal of Control 5 Physics Letters. A 5 Journal of Functional Analysis 5 Journal für die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik 5 International Journal of Mathematics 5 European Series in Applied and Industrial Mathematics (ESAIM): Control, Optimization and Calculus of Variations 5 Acta Mathematica Sinica. English Series 5 Qualitative Theory of Dynamical Systems 4 The Mathematical Intelligencer 4 Abhandlungen aus dem Mathematischen Seminar der Universität Hamburg 4 Mathematical Systems Theory 4 Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society 4 Michigan Mathematical Journal 4 Monatshefte für Mathematik 4 Rendiconti del Circolo Matemàtico di Palermo. Serie II 4 Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré. Analyse Non Linéaire 4 Applied Mathematical Modelling 4 Historia Mathematica 4 Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série 4 SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis 4 Boletim da Sociedade Brasileira de Matemática. Nova Série 4 Annales de la Faculté des Sciences de Toulouse. Mathématiques. Série VI 4 Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras 4 Journal of Dynamical and Control Systems 4 Analysis and Applications (Singapore) 4 Mediterranean Journal of Mathematics 4 Nonlinear Analysis. Theory, Methods & Applications 3 Acta Mechanica 3 American Mathematical Monthly 3 Israel Journal of Mathematics 3 Mathematical Biosciences 3 Physics Letters. B 3 Reports on Mathematical Physics 3 ZAMP. Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 3 Arkiv för Matematik 3 Reviews in Mathematical Physics 3 Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics 3 Annales Scientifiques de l’École Normale Supérieure. Quatrième Série ...and 272 more Serials
all top 5
### Cited in 60 Fields
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### Wikidata Timeline
The data are displayed as stored in Wikidata under a Creative Commons CC0 License. Updates and corrections should be made in Wikidata.
| 2022-08-10T05:25:18 |
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https://www.usgs.gov/center-news/recent-mauna-loa-prediction-does-not-change-hvo-assessment
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# Recent Mauna Loa "prediction" does not change HVO assessment
Release Date:
A few weeks ago, each of the local newspapers carried a story about a study, released in the journal Science, predicting that the next Mauna Loa eruption would occur in its southwest rift zone.
Manua Loa Volcano, Hawaii, looking WSW. Photograph by J.D. Griggs on January 10, 1985.
(Public domain.)
The stories were titled in various interest-drawing ways, like "Mauna Loa's next eruption toward Kau" and "Mauna Loa under pressure: Mauna Loa's next eruption likely along Southwest Rift, but when is less certain than where."
The study's main author, Dr. Falk Amelung, is quoted in the Honolulu Advertiser as saying, "If an eruption happens, it's most likely to happen in the Southwest Rift Zone." "Why didn't the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory pick up on this important development and warn the public before now?" you might ask.
The answer to that question lies in the definition of the word "important." Dr. Amelung's study is an important scientific contribution, but it is not important for lava flow hazard prediction in the same way that HVO issues warnings when an eruption is imminent. Dr. Amelung's prediction is based on a mathematical model of how Mauna Loa responds to earthquakes and eruptions. If the model is a good one, it could be used to predict the areas in which earthquakes and/or volcanic eruptions are most likely to occur. If the model fails, it probably failed because it was too simple. An analysis of its failures can be used to improve subsequent models.
The value of Amelung's model has yet to be assessed. It explains several things about Mauna Loa's past behavior, but several assumptions have been made. The real world is very complex, and simplifications are required for any model to be workable.
A good analogy is the multiple predictions about the correct answers to questions raised in the Season 3 finale of the TV production "Lost," also based in Hawaii. Based only on data (scenes) in the finale, several possible answers exist for the question "Who is in the coffin?" Several viewers were so eager as to freeze-frame through the finale to try to enhance images of newspaper articles and otherwise compile evidence. They developed models based on what they had learned from the finale as well as their close observation of all the season's episodes.
The correctness of anyone's model will rest solely on whether it correctly predicted the coffin's occupant. Those of you who do not watch "Lost" could translate this to all the theories and/or predictions put forth about "Who shot J.R.?" a few decades back or who will win the 2007 World Series, the next Super Bowl, or the next "American Idol."
While HVO staff is very interested in Amelung's model, they won't be using its predictive capabilities until it's been proven correct a few times. Instead, we stick with the model that has worked for us in the past - history. Mauna Loa will behave in the future as it has in the past. Since 1843, nearly all of Mauna Loa's eruptions have started at its summit. About half of them have stayed in the summit, and the other half have moved about equally into either rift zone. Therefore, the chance of the next eruption of Mauna Loa moving into the southwest rift zone is about 25 percent. Amelung's model predicts a 100 percent probability, and Mauna Loa's history says he has a 1 in 4 chance of being correct.
One thing is for certain - Mauna Loa will erupt again. For the last few years, HVO has been reporting that Mauna Loa has been inflating at slow rates; HVO continues to watch closely. Studies like Amelung's may prove very useful once tested and verified. We all continue to gather clues, analyze patterns, and propose predictive models.
We may know the answer to the "Lost" questions before we know whether Dr. Amelung's model was right.
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
### Volcano Activity Update
This past week, activity levels at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano have remained elevated above background levels. The earthquakes were concentrated in the upper southwest and east rift zones. The summit caldera has been expanding, indicating inflation, since the beginning of 2007.
Eruptive activity at Puu Oo continues. On clear nights, glow is visible from vents within the eastern half of the crater. Lava continues to flow through the upper portion of the PKK lava tube to where the Campout tube branches off about 1 km south of Puu Oo. The original PKK lava tube below this point has been abandoned. A breakout from the upper, active section of the PKK tube has been sending lava downslope onto the upper flow field for the last few weeks. Glow at night from this area, seen from the coast, suggests that the breakout continues to be active.
The Campout tube continues to carry lava downslope, where it is feeding breakouts scattered across the coastal plain from near the base of the Royal Gardens subdivision to the ocean entry at Poupou. The Poupou entry has begun to coalesce into two separate entry points, each building a small delta, and is located within Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. The Kamokuna entry, which was fed by the main branch of the Campout tube, is no longer active.
Access to the sea cliff at the ocean entries is closed, due to significant hazards. The surrounding area, however, is open. If you visit the eruption site, check with the rangers for current updates, and remember to carry lots of water when venturing out onto the flow field.
Four earthquakes beneath Hawaii Island were reported felt within the past week. A magnitude-3.9 earthquake occurred at 10:51 a.m. H.s.t. on Thursday, May 24, and was located 6 km (4 miles) southeast of Kīlauea summit at a depth of 1 km (1 mile). A magnitude-3.1 earthquake occurred at 11:05 p.m. on Friday, May 25, and was located in the same area at a depth of 3 km (2 miles). A magnitude-2.4 earthquake occurred at 9:50 p.m. on Tuesday, May 29, and was located 4 km (2 miles) southwest of Ookala at a depth of 11 km (7 miles). A magnitude-2.2 earthquake occurred at 6:07 p.m. on Wednesday, May 30, and was located 2 km (1 miles) northeast of Puulena Crater at a depth of 2 km (1 mile).
Mauna Loa is not erupting. No earthquakes were located beneath the summit. Extension of distances between locations spanning the summit, indicating inflation, continues at steady, slow rates.
| 2020-01-27T11:49:45 |
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|
https://no.overleaf.com/articles/a-look-at-hilbert-spaces/crmgkcbksqbn
|
# A Look at Hilbert Spaces
Author
Ryan T Whyte
License
Creative Commons CC BY 4.0
AbstractA look at Hilbert Spaces, and the question "Are there natural, separable Hilbert Spaces on the Euclidean Ball for which all composition operators are bounded.
| 2021-05-18T03:45:01 |
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|
https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10374462-sdss-iv-manga-gas-rotation-velocity-lags-final-sample-manga-galaxies
|
SDSS-IV MaNGA – gas rotation velocity lags in the final sample of MaNGA galaxies
ABSTRACT
We consider the largest sample of 561 edge-on galaxies observed with integral field units by the MaNGA survey and find 300 galaxies where the ionized gas shows a negative vertical gradient (lag) in its rotational speed. We introduce the stop altitude as the distance to the galactic mid-plane at which the gas rotation should stop in the linear approximation. We find correlations between the lags, stop altitude and galactic mass, stellar velocity dispersion, and overall Sersic index. We do not find any correlation of the lags or stop altitude with the star formation activity in the galaxies. We conclude that low-mass galaxies (log(M*/M⊙) < 10) with low-Sersic index and with low-stellar velocity dispersion possess a wider ‘zone of influence’ in the extragalactic gas surrounding them with respect to higher mass galaxies that have a significant spherical component. We estimated the trend of the vertical rotational gradient with radius and find it flat for most of the galaxies in our sample. A small subsample of galaxies with negative radial gradients of lag has an enhanced fraction of objects with aged low-surface brightness structures around them (e.g. faint shells), which indicates that noticeable accretion events in the past affected the extraplanar gas kinematics more »
Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10374462
Journal Name:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume:
515
Issue:
2
Page Range or eLocation-ID:
p. 1598-1609
ISSN:
0035-8711
Publisher:
Oxford University Press
ABSTRACT We present the radial gas-phase, mass-weighted metallicity profiles and gradients of the TNG50 star-forming galaxy population measured at redshifts z = 0–3. We investigate the redshift evolution of gradients and examine relations between gradient (negative) steepness and galaxy properties. We find that TNG50 gradients are predominantly negative at all redshifts, although we observe significant diversity among these negative gradients. We determine that the gradients of all galaxies grow more negative with redshift at a roughly constant rate of approximately $-0.02\ \mathrm{dex\, kpc^{-1}}/\Delta z$. This rate does not vary significantly with galaxy mass. We observe a weak negative correlation between gradient (negative) steepness and galaxy stellar mass at z < 2. However, when we normalize gradients by a characteristic radius defined by the galactic star formation distribution, we find that these normalized gradients do not vary significantly with either stellar mass or redshift. We place our results in the context of previous simulations and show that TNG50 high-redshift gradients are more negative than those of models featuring burstier feedback, which may further highlight high-redshift gradients as important discriminators of galaxy formation models. We also find that z = 0 and z = 0.5 TNG50 gradients are consistent with the gradientsmore »
| 2023-02-08T00:49:12 |
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|
https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10172396-search-supersymmetry-compressed-mass-spectrum-vector-boson-fusion-topology-lepton-lepton-final-states-proton-proton-collisions-sqrt-tev
|
skip to main content
Search for supersymmetry with a compressed mass spectrum in the vector boson fusion topology with 1-lepton and 0-lepton final states in proton-proton collisions at s$$\sqrt{s}$$ = 13 TeV
Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more »
Award ID(s):
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10172396
Journal Name:
Journal of High Energy Physics
Volume:
2019
Issue:
8
ISSN:
1029-8479
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
| 2022-10-05T04:46:43 |
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https://www.compadre.org/picup/exercises/exercise.cfm?A=WaveInterference
|
+
Wave Interference (with sound!)
Developed by Christopher Orban - Published June 7, 2017
This exercise illustrates wave interference in 2D by adding two sine-waves together. The result looks very much like the interference pattern that can be created with ripples in a pond. This exercise will use a programming language called [p5.js](http://p5js.org) that is very similar to C and C++ programming. (Note: If you are familiar with C or C++ the main difference you will see is that there is no main() function and instead the draw() function serves this role.) **Importantly, this exercise can be completed using any computer or chromebook without downloading any software!** This exercise is designed for an algebra-based physics class at the college or high school level. It may also be useful for calculus-based physics for non-majors (e.g. engineering & science majors). However, it does use a taylor expansion, so perhaps it is more of an introductory calculus based exercise This exercise is part of a series of exercises developed by Prof. Chris Orban. There are pre-and-post assessment questions associated with this exercise (not available here) that are being used in an educational research study. If interested to collaborate on that study please e-mail Prof. Chris Orban ([email protected]). The first paper from this study [is available at this link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1701.01867), the second paper which discusses the electromagnetism exercises [is available at this link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.00185)
Subject Area Waves & Optics First Year Javascript 1. Students will see how two sine waves can interfere to produce constructive and destructive interference 2. Students will take the equation for the path difference between two sources of waves and do a taylor expansion to obtain the lines of destructive interference. 3. Students will modify the code to plot these lines of destructive interference. By comparing these lines to the interference pattern the approximate nature of the taylor expansion will be illustrated 60 min
These exercises are not tied to a specific programming language. Example implementations are provided under the Code tab, but the Exercises can be implemented in whatever platform you wish to use (e.g., Excel, Python, MATLAB, etc.).
This programming lab is designed to illustrate the idea of wave interference. This happens because of the principle of "superposition". For sound waves, this 20 dollar word just means that if there are two speakers in a large room or open space, the amplitude of the sound waves at a particular point in that room are the sum of the waves of the two speakers. 
### Step 1. Open up the code in an editor
Make sure to set your speaker volume low before you press play!!! Click here to open up the code in an editor Press the play button (red triangle) in the top left to run the code. If for some reason you can't open it up in the editor you can also try out the interactive at this link Here is a version without the red line that runs faster (useful for chromebooks)
### Step 2. Explore the Interference
#### Step 2a. Move the little microphone to find the constructive and destructive interference
Move the little microphone around and listen to the amplitude of the tone. When you put the little microphone in a place where there is destructive interference there should be almost no sound. When you put it at a point of constructive interference, the tone should be much louder.
#### Step 2b. Move the speakers around
Move the speakers around by clicking and dragging the speakers to a new location on the x axis. How does it change the interference pattern?
### Step 3. Look at this diagram:
 Later, in Step 5 you will need to write down $r_1$ and $r_2$ as a function of $d$, $x$, and $y$.
### Step 4. Think about the math involved
If there was just Speaker #1 the instantaneous amplitude $S_1$ at (x,y) would be this: $$S_1 = A_1 \sin (k_1 r_1 - \omega_1 t)$$ where $r_1$ is the distance between speaker #1 and the point (x,y). Likewise, the instantaneous amplitude at (x,y) from only speaker #2 would be this: $$S_2 = A_2 \sin (k_2 r_2 - \omega_2 t)$$ where $r_2$ is the distance between speaker #2 and the point (x,y). If you have both speakers then the amplitude at a particular point in the room would be this: $$S_1 + S_2 = A_1 \sin (k_1 r_1 - \omega_1 t) + A_2 \sin (k_2 r_2 - \omega_2 t)$$ The following trig identity is very useful: $$\sin a + \sin b = 2 \cos \left(\frac{a-b}{2} \right) \sin \left( \frac{a+b}{2} \right)$$ Assume $A_1= A_2 = A$, $\omega_1 = \omega_2 = \omega$, $k_1 = k_2 = k$, and use this expression to prove that the following is true: $$S_1 + S_2 = 2 A \cos \left(\frac{k (r_1-r_2)}{2} \right) \sin \left(\frac{k (r_1+ r_2) - 2\omega t }{2}\right)$$ and constructive/destructive interference depends on whether the cosine term works out to be equal to zero or one.
### Step 5. Look at the diagram again and figure out r1 and r2
**Look at the diagram from Step 3 again. How would you write $r_1$ and $r_2$ in terms of x, y and d?**
### Step 6. Consider Destructive Interference
Use the previous equation to explain why the following is the correct equation for destructive interference: $$|r_1 - r_2| = \frac{n\lambda}{2}$$ Why is destructive interference only achieved if $n = 1, 3, 5 , 7...$?
### Step 7. Approximate!
The previous expression turns out to be difficult to work with: $$|r_1 - r_2| = \frac{n\lambda}{2}$$ $$\sqrt{(x+d)^2 + y^2} - \sqrt{(x-d)^2 + y^2} = \frac{n\lambda}{2}$$ We'd really like to be able to solve for y, but there's no simple way of doing this. If you try to square both sides, for example, this doesn't help much to isolate y and x. When you're stuck like this, sometimes the best you can do is approximate. Notice the following trick if $|b/a| \ll 1$, $$\sqrt{a +b } = a \sqrt{1 + \frac{b}{a} } \approx a \left( 1 + \frac{1}{2} \frac{b}{a} \right)$$ Use this trick to prove that the lines of destructive interference follow this formula: $$y = \pm \frac{4 d}{n \lambda} x$$
### Step 8. Plot up the lines of destructive interference!
Modify the code to plot up the lines in the programming activity. Show that the lines for $n = 1$ match up well with the interference fringes. The result should look like this: 
### Step 9. Move the speakers around!
Move the speakers around by clicking and dragging the speakers to a new location on the x axis. **Bring the speakers closer and further apart. Do your lines still match up with the interference pattern?**
### Step 9. (Extra Credit:) Consider n = 3, 5, 7...
Plot the lines of destructive interference for n = 3, 5, 7... and compare to the simulated wave pattern. These lines will not compare as well to the simulation as it does for n = 1. Why does n > 1 compare less well to the lines of destructive interference in the simulation? Do you have any ideas for improving the locations of the lines? How could we make the approximation better?
### How to get full credit on this programming lab
**1. Describe in words what happens when you change the separation between the speakers (Step 2b)** Click and drag the speakers closer and further apart. Describe with words what happens to the interference pattern. **2. Use the trig identify to produce the interference formula (Step 4)** Assume $A_1= A_2$, $\omega_1 = \omega_2$ and derive the equation below for the addition of two sine waves $$S_1 + S_2 = 2 A_1 \cos \left(\frac{k (r_1-r_2)}{2} \right) \sin \left(\frac{k (r_1+ r_2) - 2\omega_2 t }{2}\right)$$ **2. Write r1 and r2 in terms of x, y and d (Step 5)** This is the primary task of Step 5. **3. Explain why destructive interference only occurs for n = 1,3,5,7... (Step 6)** This is the primary task of step 6. Why would $n = 2,4,6...$ not give destructive interference? **4. Derive $y = \pm \frac{4d }{ n \lambda }x$ from approximating the equation for destructive interference (Step 7)** This will take a couple of steps. Write these steps out on a sheet of paper, take a picture with your phone, and submit it to the assignment dropbox on canvas. **5. Submit your code with the plotted lines (Step 8)** Modify your code until it looks like the video shown in Step 8. **(Optional) 6. Comment on n = 3, 5, 7...** For extra credit, modify your program to show the lines of destructive interference for n = 3, 5, 7... Explain why these lines don't compare very well to the destructive interference in the wave pattern whereas the n = 1 result does. Comment on how you would perhaps improve upon the solution $y = \pm \frac{4d}{n\lambda}x$. To be clear, there is more than one way that this solution could be improved upon.
### Share a Variation
Did you have to edit this material to fit your needs? Share your changes by Creating a Variation
### Credits and Licensing
Christopher Orban, "Wave Interference (with sound!)," Published in the PICUP Collection, June 2017.
The instructor materials are ©2017 Christopher Orban.
The exercises are released under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 license
| 2021-02-28T19:47:12 |
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https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/detailed-methodology-information/concepts-sources-methods/producer-and-international-trade-price-indexes-concepts-sources-and-methods/2022/chapter-3-technical-methodology/imputation-theory-and-methodology
|
# Imputation theory and methodology
Latest release
Producer and International Trade Price Indexes: Concepts, Sources and Methods
Reference period
2022
Across all indexes, missing price observations occur on a regular basis and this could be due to factors such as:
• temporary out of stock items,
• discontinued items,
• or seasonal elements.
In any price reference period, these factors can make it impossible to obtain a price measure for a particular product.
The ABS employs a number of imputation methods to address temporarily missing observations within price indexes. These include:
• the imputation a movement for the product based on the price movement for all other products in the sample
• the use the price movement from another price sample, or
• repeat the previous period’s price of the product (also called carry forward method).
These options are known as imputation.
Their purpose is to calculate a price for the temporarily missing product. The aim of imputation is to provide prices such that the resulting movement in the price index is the same as would have been calculated had all prices been observed. In achieving such a result, it is necessary to make an assumption regarding the price behaviour of the temporarily missing product.
### Imputation from price sample
The rationale for imputing a price movement from other products in the sample is that products are bought and sold in a competitive marketplace and in those cases where an individual product has not been observed in the current period, it is assumed that its price behaviour is reflected by similar products in the sample. The design of elementary aggregates to contain products that are homogeneous in terms of price behaviour (as noted above) ensures that the assumption underlying this method of imputation is generally robust.
Imputing from other products in the sample is also mathematically equivalent to excluding the product, for which a price is unavailable in one period, from both periods involved in the index calculation. It strictly maintains the ‘matched sample’ concept.
In order to impute a movement resulting from excluding the product it is necessary to construct a measure of price change from the previous period to the current period for those products common to both periods. This calculation is dependent upon the price index formula used for the elementary aggregate.
When the elementary aggregate is compiled using a Laspeyres formula, it is first necessary to derive the implicit quantity shares underlying the weights of the matched products. This can be achieved by dividing the weight for each product by its reference period price.
The resulting quantity shares for the matched products are then used to calculate the price change from the previous period to the current period.
$$\Large s_{q,i}=\frac{\frac{w_i}{p^0_i}}{\sum_\limits {MATCHED} \frac{w_i}{p^0_i}}$$
$$\large M^t_{t-1} = \frac{\sum_\limits {MATCHED}s_{q,i}p^t_i}{\sum_\limits {MATCHED}s_{q,i}p^{t-1}_i}$$
$$\large \hat{p}_j^t=M^t_{t-1}\times p^{t-1}_j$$
where $$S_{q, i}$$ is the implicit quantity share in the reference period for matched product $$i$$$$w_i$$ is the weight for matched product $$i$$$$p^0_i$$$$p_i^{t-1}$$,$$p^t_i$$ are respectively the reference period price, previous period price, and current period price for matched product $$i$$ (at time t), $$M^t_{t-1}$$ is the price movement between the previous and current period for the matched products, and $$\hat{p}^{t-1}_j$$ is the imputed price for missing product $$j$$ at time $$t$$.
An example of this calculation is shown in Table 3.7 below.
Table 3.7 Example of imputation from other products in the price sample
Reference Period Value ShareReference Period Price (\$)Previous Period PriceCurrent Period Price
Product A305812
Product B60101620
Product C1024n.a.
Implicit quantitiesImplicit quantity shareShare x Previous Period PriceShare x Current Period Price
Product A60.54.06.0
Product B60.58.010.0
Total 12.016.0
Movement 1
Current period Price after imputePrice relative after imputeWeight x relative
Product A122.472
Product B202120
Product C5.3332.66666726.66667
Laspeyres price index 218.6667
### Imputation from another price sample
The second approach to imputation for the Producer and International Trade Price Indexes is to use the price movement from another related sample or comparable product. This approach is used in cases where price changes from a comparable product (or products) from a similar type of provider can be expected to be similar to the missing product.
Carry forward imputation
The rationale for adopting a carry forward imputation is that failure to observe a price for a product reflects no transactions for the product, and hence there can be no price change. However, each product in the price sample represents similar products purchased and sold elsewhere in the marketplace, and such an assumption does not hold in most cases. Application of this method of imputation when transactions are actually occurring in a marketplace (but not observed by the sample) consistently biases the index towards zero (that is, biased downward when prices are rising and biased upward when prices are falling).
It is for these reasons that the price statisticians apply this imputation mechanism only under specific conditions where it is known that failure to observe a transaction means that no transactions are occurring (such as where there is only one sale per year of a type of agricultural crop, for example, or where the price changes only once per year during annual price setting).
| 2023-03-23T21:49:31 |
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https://indico.fnal.gov/event/22303/contributions/243741/
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# Seattle Snowmass Summer Meeting 2022
Jul 16 – 26, 2022
US/Pacific timezone
### Support
Jul 18, 2022, 7:00 PM
2h 20m
211 South Ballroom (HUB)
### Speaker
Stefan Knirck (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory)
### Description
We present a novel dish antenna for broadband ~$\mu$eV-eV range axion and wave-dark matter detection, which allows to utilize state-of-the-art high-field solenoidal magnets. At these masses it is difficult to scale up traditional resonator setups to the required volume. However, at metallic surfaces in a high magnetic field dark matter axions can convert to photons regardless of axion mass. These photons can be successively focused onto a detector (dish antenna concept). We present progress on BREAD, a dish antenna proposal with a $\sim 10\,{\rm m}^2$ conversion area and a novel rotationally symmetric parabolic focusing reflector designed to take advantage of high-field solenoidal magnets. We recently demonstrated [PRL 128 (2022) 131801] that this concept has the potential to discover QCD axions of several decades in mass range. Besides the experimental concept this poster shows our progress towards first stage hidden photon and axion pilot experiments for two distinct frequency ranges - GigaBREAD and InfraBREAD - with expected sensitivities to unexplored coupling strengths. We detail R&D on reflector characterization, horn antenna & sensor testing and signal readout. We also outline sensitivity estimates for future large-scale versions.
In-person or Virtual? In-person
### Primary author
Stefan Knirck (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory)
| 2022-11-29T02:09:33 |
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https://dggs.alaska.gov/pubs/id/27657
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# Chiao, L.Y., 1991
## Membrane deformation rate and geometry of subducting slabs
Chiao, L.Y.
1991
• ### Publisher:
University of Washington, Seattle
• ### Ordering Info:
Not available
Offshore
27657
## Bibliographic Reference
Chiao, L.Y., 1991, Membrane deformation rate and geometry of subducting slabs: University of Washington, Seattle, Ph.D. dissertation, 157 p.
## Abstract
The subduction process forces the oceanic lithosphere to change its geometric configuration from a spherical shell to the geometry delineated by the Wadati-Benioff seismicity. This change induces lateral membrane deformation in the slab in addition to the bending deformation typically analyzed in two-dimensional cross sections. Observations including the along-arc variations of slab geometry, seismic activity, and orientation of earthquake focal mechanisms, suggest that this membrane deformation is an important mechanism in controlling the evolution of the subduction zone structure and seismic generation pattern. To quantify this type of slab deformation, we assume that subducting slabs behave like thin, viscous sheets with either Newtonian or Power-Law rheology, flowing into a mantle with significantly lower viscosity. A non-linear optimization scheme is developed to find the slab geometry and the subduction flow field, minimizing the integrated total dissipation power by fixing boundary conditions constrained by the Wadati-Benioff seismicity and the relative plate convergence. The rationale behind this optimization is that since the subducted slab has strong resistance to membrane deformation and relatively little strength to respond to slab normal forces, finding the optimal configuration with the least amount of membrane deformation will thus provide insights on both the slab structure and the pattern of slab deformation. Experiments on the Cascadia subduction zone suggest that the proposed arch structure is a natural consequence of the subducted slab responding to the concave-oceanward trench. The arch also provides a plausible explanation for the origin of the Olympic Mountains accretionary prism in the context of the Critical Taper Theory. The concentration of seismicity beneath the Puget Sound area may be the result of bending the already arched slab. The computed deformation rate is dominated by along-arc compression under Puget Sound and the peak compressional strain rate is around 2 $\times$10$\sp{-16}$sec$\sp{-1}$, which is comparable to the value estimated from the total intraplate seismic moment release during the last century. In both the Alaska-Aleutian and NW-Pacific subduction zones, preliminary experiments predict similar arch structures. Also, modeling results provide plausible explanation for along-arc variations of the deformation regime in slabs that are not resolvable by 2-D approaches.
## Keywords
Theses and Dissertations
Top of Page
| 2020-10-25T17:06:29 |
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https://www.detailedpedia.com/wiki-Martin_Feldstein
|
# Martin Feldstein
Martin Feldstein
Feldstein at the White House in 1982.
13th Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers
In office
October 14, 1982 – July 10, 1984
PresidentRonald Reagan
Preceded byMurray Weidenbaum
Succeeded byBeryl Sprinkel
Personal details
Born
Martin Stuart Feldstein
November 25, 1939
New York City, U.S.
DiedJune 11, 2019 (aged 79)
Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
EducationHarvard University (AB)
Nuffield College, Oxford (BLitt, PhD)
InstitutionHarvard University (1967–2019)
National Bureau of Economic Research (1977–1982, 1984–2019)
FieldMacroeconomics, public economics
School or
Neoclassical economics
Doctoral
W. M. Gorman
Doctoral
students
Harvey S. Rosen
Eli Noam[1]
Jeffrey Sachs[2]
Joel Slemrod
Douglas Elmendorf
Jeffrey Liebman
Raj Chetty[3]
ContributionsFeldstein-Horioka puzzle
AwardsJohn Bates Clark Medal (1977)
Information at IDEAS / RePEc
Martin Stuart Feldstein (/ˈfɛldstn/ FELD-styne,[4] November 25, 1939 – June 11, 2019) was an American economist.[5] He was the George F. Baker Professor of Economics at Harvard University, and the president emeritus of the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). He served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the NBER from 1978 through 2008 (with the exception of 1982 to 1984).[6] From 1982 to 1984, Feldstein served as chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers and as chief economic advisor to President Ronald Reagan (where his deficit hawk views clashed with Reagan administration large military expenditure policies). He was also a member of the Washington-based financial advisory body the Group of Thirty from 2003.[7]
## Early life and education
Feldstein was born in New York City to a Jewish family[8] and graduated from South Side High School in Rockville Centre, New York. He completed his undergraduate education at Harvard University (AB, summa cum laude, 1961), where he was affiliated with Adams House, and then attended Nuffield College, Oxford (B.Litt., 1963; M.A., 1964; D.Phil., 1967).[6] He was a Research Fellow there from 1964 to 1965, an Official Fellow from 1965 to 1967 and was later an Honorary Fellow of the College.[6]
## Career
In 1977, he received the John Bates Clark Medal of the American Economic Association, a prize which was awarded every two years until 2010 when it began to be awarded yearly.[9] It is awarded to the economist under the age of 40 who is judged to have made the greatest contribution to economic science. He was among the ten most influential economists in the world, according to IDEAS/RePEc.[10] He was the author of more than 300 research articles in economics and made contributions to health economics, international economics, and the economics of national security. However, he was known primarily for his greater contributions to macroeconomics, public finance and social insurance.[11] Pioneering much of the research on the working mechanism and sustainability of public pension systems, he advanced the current understanding of the effects of social insurance. Feldstein was an avid advocate of Social Security reform and was a main driving force behind former President George W. Bush's initiative of partial privatization of the Social Security system. Aside from his contributions to the field of public sector economics, he also authored other important macroeconomics papers. One of his more well-known papers in this field was his investigation with Charles Horioka of investment behavior in various countries. He and Horioka found that in the long run, capital tends to stay in its home country — that is to say, a nation's savings is used to fund its investment opportunities. This has since been known as the "Feldstein–Horioka puzzle."[citation needed]
In 1997, writing about the upcoming European monetary union and the euro, Feldstein warned that the "adverse economic effects of a single currency on unemployment and inflation would outweigh any gains from facilitating trade and capital flows" and that, while "conceived of as a way of reducing the risk of another intra-European war", it was "more likely to have the opposite effect" and "lead to increased conflicts within Europe and between Europe and the United States."[12][13]
In 2005, Feldstein was widely considered a leading candidate to succeed chairman Alan Greenspan as Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board. This was in part due to his prominence in the Reagan administration and his position as an economic advisor for the Bush presidential campaign. The New York Times wrote an editorial advocating that Bush choose either Feldstein or Ben Bernanke due to their credentials, and the week of the nomination The Economist predicted that the two men had the greatest probability of selection out of the field of candidates.[14] Ultimately, the position went to Bernanke, possibly because Feldstein was a board member of AIG, which announced the same year that it would restate five years of past financial reports by $2.7 billion. Subsequently, AIG suffered a serious financial collapse that played a central role in the worldwide economic crisis of 2007–2008 and the ensuing global recession. The firm was rescued only by multiple capital infusions by the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank, which extended a$182.5 billion line of credit. Although Feldstein was not explicitly linked to the accounting practices in question, he had served as a Director of AIG since 1988. In March 2007, the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation announced that one of four 2007 Bradley Prizes to honor outstanding achievement would be awarded to Feldstein.[15] On September 10, 2007, Feldstein announced that he would be stepping down as president of NBER effective June 2008.[16]
Feldstein served as a member of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board from 2006 to 2009.[17]
Feldstein said in March 2008 he believed the United States was in a recession and it could be a severe one.[18]
As a member of the board of AIG Financial Products, Feldstein was one of those who had oversight of the division of the international insurer that contributed to the company's crisis in September 2008. In May 2009, Feldstein announced he would step down as a director of AIG.[19] He served as a board member for Eli Lilly and Company.[20] He also previously served on the boards of several other public companies including JPMorgan and TRW.[citation needed]
On February 6, 2009, Feldstein was announced as one of U.S. President Obama's advisors on the President's Economic Recovery Advisory Board.[21] He served as a member on the President's Economic Recovery Advisory Board from 2009-2011.[6]
### Latter positions
He was a consultant to the U.S. Department of Defense.[6]
He served on the board of directors of the Council on Foreign Relations, the Trilateral Commission, the Group of 30 and the National Committee on United States-China Relations.[17] Feldstein was invited to participate in the Bilderberg Group annual conferences in 1996, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005-2008 and 2010 through 2015.[22][23] He is also a member of the JP Morgan Chase International Council, a member of the Academic Advisory Council of the American Enterprise Institute, and a member of the British Academy.
In 2011 he was included in the 50 Most Influential People in Global Finance ranking of Bloomberg Markets Magazine.[24]
In 2017, Feldstein joined a small group of "Republican elder statesmen" proposing that conservatives embrace carbon taxes, with all revenue rebated with lump-sum dividends, as a policy to deal with global climate change. The group also included James A. Baker III, N. Gregory Mankiw, Henry M. Paulson Jr., and George P. Shultz.[25][26]
## Significant publications
Domestic saving and international capital flows[27]
Published in 1980, this article made a significant contribution to international economics. Feldstein along with Charles Horioka contributed to the overall understanding of the international capital market by revealing the essence of the flow of capital in the world capital market. By examining the relationship between domestic investment and domestic savings of 21 OECD countries, Feldstein and Horioka provide statistical estimates revealing that almost all incremental savings of a country will remain in that country despite greater investment opportunities abroad. Puzzled by the unexpected direct relationship between domestic savings and investment, Feldstein and Horioka's findings have become known as the “Feldstein-Horioka Puzzle”.
Social security, induced retirement and aggregate capital accumulation [28]
Published in 1974, this article made a significant contribution to social insurance. Feldstein facilitated a greater understanding of the effects of social security upon household consumption and savings. The article provides a theoretical analysis of the impact of social security on an individual’s decision regarding retirement and the amount of savings necessary for such retirement. Feldstein revealed that Social Security results in individuals deciding to save less for retirement and to retire earlier. The finding was later contested because it contained a calculation error. Feldstein and other authors did not agree on whether the corrected results made a change of the conclusions necessary.[29]
## Teaching
A well-known figure on the Harvard campus, Feldstein taught the introductory economics class "Social Analysis 10: Principles of Economics" for twenty years, being succeeded by N. Gregory Mankiw. The class, since renamed Economics 10, was usually the largest class at Harvard and remains so.[30] Until recently, he taught courses in American economic policy and public sector economics at Harvard College.
Feldstein may have made one of his greatest impacts through the concentration of his students in top echelons of government and academia. These include Larry Summers, former Harvard president and U.S. Treasury secretary; David Ellwood, dean of Harvard's Kennedy School of Government; and James Poterba, MIT professor and member of Bush's tax reform advisory panel. Lawrence Lindsey, formerly Bush's top economic adviser, wrote his doctoral thesis under Feldstein, as did Harvey S. Rosen, the previous chairman of the president's Council of Economic Advisers, Douglas Elmendorf, the previous Director of the Congressional Budget Office, José Piñera, Chile's Secretary of Labor and Social Security during its pension privatization in 1980–1981, Jeffrey Sachs, Director of the Earth Institute at Columbia University, and Glenn Hubbard, Bush's first chairman of the council and now dean of the Columbia Business School.[31]
## References
1. ^ "Eli M. Noam". Columbia Institute for Tele-Information. Archived from the original on October 11, 2016. Retrieved October 16, 2016.
2. ^ "Sachs's CV" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 5, 2017. Retrieved October 12, 2016.
3. ^ Chetty, Nadarajan. "Consumption commitments, risk preferences, and optimal unemployment insurance". Retrieved January 23, 2014 – via ProQuest.
4. ^ Safire, William (December 25, 1983). "On Language; Stine or Steen?" – via NYTimes.com.
5. ^ "Obituary: Martin S. Feldstein". The Boston Globe. Boston. June 11, 2019. Retrieved June 11, 2019.
6. "Martin Feldstein". www.nber.org. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
7. ^ https://www.legacy.com/amp/obituaries/bostonglobe/193119505
8. ^ Sorin, Gerald (March 11, 1997). Tradition Transformed: The Jewish Experience in America (The American Moment). p. 219. ISBN 9780801854460.
9. ^ Rampell, Catherine. "Prize Deflation". Economix Blog. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
10. ^ "Top 10% Authors, as of December 2011. Research Papers in Economics. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
11. ^ Horioka, Charles (March 13, 2015). "The Life and Work of Martin Stuart ('Marty') Feldstein". Rochester, NY. SSRN 2463992. Cite journal requires |journal=
12. ^ Feldstein, Martin. "EMU and international conflict" Archived October 6, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. Foreign Affairs, November/December 1997.
13. ^ Feldstein, Martin. (1997). The Political Economy of the European Economic and Monetary Union: Political Sources of an Economic Liability. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11(4), pp. 23–42.
14. ^ "The Next Alan Greenspan". The New York Times. October 6, 2005. Archived from the original on March 18, 2014. Retrieved February 11, 2017.
15. ^ "Martin Feldstein" Archived June 21, 2010, at the Wayback Machine. The Bradley Foundation. May 3, 2007.
16. ^ Feldstein, Marty. "Feldstein’s Resignation Letter". The Wall Street Journal. September 10, 2007.
17. ^ a b "Martin Feldstein" Archived October 24, 2014, at the Wayback Machine. BigSpeak Speakers Bureau. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
18. ^ "Worries grow of deeper U.S. recession". CNN. March 21, 2008. Archived from the original on March 23, 2008.
19. ^ Ding, Manning (May 27, 2009). "Feldstein To Leave AIG Board. Harvard Crimson.
20. ^ "Board of Directors". Investor Relations. Eli Lilly and Company. Archived from the original on March 20, 2006. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
21. ^ Zeleny, Jeff (February 6, 2009). "Panel to Advise Obama on Economy". The New York Times.
22. ^ "Bilderberg Meetings" Archived January 16, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Bilderberg Group. June 2008.
23. ^ "Bilderberg Meetings" Archived January 14, 2015, at the Wayback Machine. Bilderberg Group. June 2010.
24. ^ "Most Influential 50 in Global Finance List: Bloomberg Markets". Bloomberg.com. September 7, 2011. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
26. ^ Schwartz, John (February 7, 2017). "'A Conservative Climate Solution': Republican Group Calls for Carbon Tax" – via NYTimes.com.
27. ^ Feldstein, Martin; Horioka, Charles (1980). "Domestic Saving and International Capital Flows". The Economic Journal. 90 (358): 314–329. doi:10.2307/2231790. JSTOR 2231790.
28. ^ Feldstein, Martin (1974). "Social Security, Induced Retirement, and Aggregate Capital Accumulation". Journal of Political Economy. 82 (5): 905–926. doi:10.1086/260246. JSTOR 1829174.
29. ^ Leimer, Lesnoy, Dean R., Selig D. (1982). "Social Security and Private Saving: New Time-Series Evidence". Journal of Political Economy. 90 (3): 606–629. doi:10.1086/261077. JSTOR 1831373.
30. ^ "Ec10, CS50 Once Again Top Course Enrollment - News - The Harvard Crimson". www.thecrimson.com.
31. ^ Gavin, Robert (June 26, 2005). "A principal of economics: Martin Feldstein". The Boston Globe.
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| 2021-12-01T13:30:28 |
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https://pdglive.lbl.gov/DataBlock.action?node=S023AI&home=BXXX030
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# ${{\boldsymbol \Xi}^{0}}$ DECAY PARAMETERS
See the Note on Baryon Decay Parameters'' in the neutron Listings.
# $\boldsymbol g_{2}(0)/\boldsymbol f_{1}$(0)) FOR ${{\boldsymbol \Xi}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\boldsymbol \Sigma}^{+}}{{\boldsymbol e}^{-}}{{\overline{\boldsymbol \nu}}_{{e}}}$ INSPIRE search
VALUE EVTS DOCUMENT ID TECN COMMENT
$-1.7$ ${}^{+2.1}_{-2.0}$ $\pm0.5$ 487 1
2001 I
KTEV ${{\mathit p}}$ nucleus, 800 GeV
1 ALAVI-HARATI 2001I thus assumes that $\mathit g_{2}$ = 0 in calculating $\mathit g_{1}/\mathit f_{1}$, above.
References:
ALAVI-HARATI 2001I
PRL 87 132001 First Measurement of Form Factors of the Decay ${{\mathit \Xi}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit \Sigma}^{+}}{{\mathit e}^{-}}{{\overline{\mathit \nu}}_{{e}}}$
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http://www.scstatehouse.gov/sess119_2011-2012/sj12/20120606.htm
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South Carolina General Assembly
119th Session, 2011-2012
Journal of the Senate
Wednesday, June 6, 2012
(Statewide Session)
Indicates Matter Stricken
Indicates New Matter
The Senate assembled at 10:30 A.M., the hour to which it stood adjourned, and was called to order by the ACTING PRESIDENT, Senator RYBERG.
A quorum being present, the proceedings were opened with a devotion by the Chaplain as follows:
In David's psalm of thanks we read:
"Remember the wonders He has done, His miracles, and the judgments He pronounced." (I Chronicles 16:12)
Let us pray:
O God, "wonders?" Perhaps some. "Miracles?" Probably not. "Judgments?" Maybe a few.
Overall, dear Lord, as we shall remember the work of Your servants in this Senate during this year, we will recall their concern for the people of this State most of all. We thank You that these Senators and their staff members have such passion for the well-being of our citizens. May that attitude of care never be lost. Now we also ask You, Lord, to care for and to protect our women and men in uniform, wherever they happen to serve. All this we ask in Your loving name, dear Lord. Amen.
The PRESIDENT called for Petitions, Memorials, Presentments of Grand Juries and such like papers.
MESSAGE FROM THE GOVERNOR
The following appointments were transmitted by the Honorable Nikki Randhawa Haley:
Local Appointments
Initial Appointment, Richland County Magistrate, with the term to commence April 30, 2011, and to expire April 30, 2015
Ethel L. Brewer, 4201 Donavan Drive, Columbia, SC 29210
Initial Appointment, Richland County Magistrate, with the term to commence April 30, 2011, and to expire April 30, 2015
Barbara Jo Wofford-Kanwat, 2009 Green Street #206, Columbia, SC 29205
Reappointment, York County Magistrate, with the term to commence April 30, 2011, and to expire April 30, 2015
David S. Wood, 957 Copperstone Lane, Fort Mill, SC 29708
Reappointment, York County Natural Gas Authority, with the term to commence March 1, 2012, and to expire March 1, 2015
York County:
Clyde O. Smith, Post Office Box 336, York, SC 29745
Initial Appointment, Clarendon County Magistrate, with the term to commence April 30, 2010, and to expire April 30, 2014
Robin C. Locklear, Post Office Box 551, Manning, SC 29102 VICE Judge Aycock (retired)
Doctor of the Day
Senator COURSON introduced Dr. Patricia Witherspoon of Columbia, S.C., Doctor of the Day, along with Dr. Philip Van De Griend, USC resident, and Christina Carter, a rising Junior at Presbyterian College Medical school who were shadowing Dr. Witherspoon.
Leave of Absence Rescinded
At 2:05 P.M., the leave of absence granted to Senator ELLIOTT for today and tomorrow was rescinded.
Leave of Absence
At 5:10 P.M., Senator LEATHERMAN requested a leave of absence until 6:30 P.M.
Expression of Personal Interest
Senator KNOTTS rose for an Expression of Personal Interest.
Expression of Personal Interest
Senator LAND rose for an Expression of Personal Interest.
INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
The following were introduced:
S. 1584 (Word version) -- Senators Shoopman, Alexander, Anderson, Bright, Bryant, Campbell, Campsen, Cleary, Coleman, Courson, Cromer, Davis, Elliott, Fair, Ford, Gregory, Grooms, Hayes, Hutto, Jackson, Knotts, Land, Leatherman, Leventis, Lourie, Malloy, L. Martin, S. Martin, Massey, Matthews, McGill, Nicholson, O'Dell, Peeler, Pinckney, Rankin, Reese, Rose, Ryberg, Scott, Setzler, Sheheen, Thomas, Verdin and Williams: A SENATE RESOLUTION TO RECOGNIZE AND HONOR THE GREENVILLE COUNTY ENFORCING UNDERAGE DRINKING LAWS COALITION FOR ITS SUCCESS IN REDUCING UNDERAGE DRINKING AND YOUTH ACCESS TO ALCOHOL IN GREENVILLE COUNTY AND TO CONGRATULATE ALL ITS PARTICIPANTS FOR RECEIVING A GRANT FROM THE NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION TO CONDUCT THE UNDERAGE DRINKING ADULT CONSEQUENCES CAMPAIGN.
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S. 1585 (Word version) -- Senators Knotts, Alexander, Anderson, Bright, Bryant, Campbell, Campsen, Cleary, Coleman, Courson, Cromer, Davis, Elliott, Fair, Ford, Gregory, Grooms, Hayes, Hutto, Jackson, Land, Leatherman, Leventis, Lourie, Malloy, L. Martin, S. Martin, Massey, Matthews, McGill, Nicholson, O'Dell, Peeler, Pinckney, Rankin, Reese, Rose, Ryberg, Scott, Setzler, Sheheen, Shoopman, Thomas, Verdin and Williams: A SENATE RESOLUTION TO RECOGNIZE AND HONOR STATE FIRE MARSHAL ADOLF A. ZUBIA, UPON THE OCCASION OF HIS RETIREMENT, AND TO WISH HIM CONTINUED SUCCESS AND HAPPINESS IN ALL HIS FUTURE ENDEAVORS.
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S. 1586 (Word version) -- Senator S. Martin: A SENATE RESOLUTION TO CONGRATULATE ELIZABETH FRIERSON DICKERT OF SPARTANBURG COUNTY ON THE OCCASION OF HER ONE HUNDREDTH BIRTHDAY AND TO WISH HER A JOYOUS BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION AND MANY YEARS OF CONTINUED HEALTH AND HAPPINESS.
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S. 1587 (Word version) -- Senator Elliott: A SENATE RESOLUTION TO RECOGNIZE AND HONOR MAYOR MARILYN HATLEY OF NORTH MYRTLE BEACH FOR HER MANY YEARS OF SERVICE TO THE PEOPLE OF HER CITY.
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REPORT FROM STANDING COMMITTEE
Appointment Reported
Senator THOMAS from the Committee on Banking and Insurance submitted a favorable report on:
Reappointment, South Carolina State Board of Financial Institutions, with the term to commence June 30, 2012, and to expire June 30, 2016
Credit Union:
William Scott Conley, 301 Clearview Drive, Columbia, SC 29212
PRESIDENT PRESIDES
At 10:35 A.M., the PRESIDENT assumed the Chair.
THE SENATE PROCEEDED TO A CALL OF THE UNCONTESTED LOCAL AND STATEWIDE CALENDAR.
ORDERED ENROLLED FOR RATIFICATION
The following Joint Resolution was read the third time and, having received three readings in both Houses, it was ordered that the title be changed to that of an Act and enrolled for Ratification:
H. 4824 (Word version) -- Rep. Rutherford: A JOINT RESOLUTION TO PROVIDE THAT THE DRIVER'S LICENSE OF A PERSON IS REINSTATED ON THIS ACT'S EFFECTIVE DATE IF THE PERSON'S DRIVER'S LICENSE WAS SUSPENDED PURSUANT TO FORMER SECTION 56-1-745 OF THE 1976 CODE DUE TO A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE VIOLATION AND CHARGE PRIOR TO APRIL 12, 2011, AND A CONVICTION ON OR AFTER APRIL 12, 2011, AND TO PROVIDE THAT THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES MUST NOT REIMBURSE SUCH PERSON WHOSE DRIVER'S LICENSE SUSPENSION ENDED AND HE PAID A REINSTATEMENT FEE BEFORE THIS ACT'S EFFECTIVE DATE.
HOUSE BILLS RETURNED
The following House Bills were read the third time and ordered returned to the House with amendments:
H. 4699 (Word version) -- Reps. Bannister, Harrison, Horne, Sellers, Hearn, Young, H.B. Brown, J.E. Smith, Brannon, Stavrinakis, Funderburk, Allen, Weeks, Munnerlyn and McLeod: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 14-5-610, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE DIVISION OF THE STATE INTO SIXTEEN JUDICIAL CIRCUITS AND ADDITIONAL AT-LARGE JUDGES, SO AS TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF AT-LARGE CIRCUIT COURT JUDGES FROM THIRTEEN TO NINETEEN; AND TO AMEND SECTION 63-3-40, RELATING TO FAMILY COURT JUDGES ELECTED FROM EACH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT, SO AS TO ADD SIX ADDITIONAL FAMILY COURT JUDGES WHO SHALL BE AT LARGE AND MUST BE ELECTED WITHOUT REGARD TO THEIR COUNTY OR CIRCUIT OF RESIDENCE.
H. 4614 (Word version) -- Reps. Pitts, Lucas, Hearn, Brannon, Weeks, Spires, Loftis and Clemmons: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING ARTICLE 2 TO CHAPTER 15, TITLE 63 SO AS TO SPECIFY CERTAIN PROCEDURES AND REQUIREMENTS FOR COURT-ORDERED CHILD CUSTODY, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, DEFINING "JOINT CUSTODY" AND "SOLE CUSTODY", REQUIRING PARENTS TO JOINTLY PREPARE AND SUBMIT A PARENTING PLAN, WHICH THE COURT MUST CONSIDER BEFORE ISSUING TEMPORARY AND FINAL CUSTODY ORDERS; REQUIRING THE COURT TO MAKE FINAL CUSTODY DETERMINATIONS IN THE BEST INTEREST OF THE CHILD BASED UPON THE EVIDENCE PRESENTED, REQUIRING THE COURT TO CONSIDER JOINT CUSTODY IF EITHER PARENT SEEKS IT, STATING FINDINGS OF FACT AS TO WHY OR WHY NOT JOINT CUSTODY WAS AWARDED, PROVIDING MATTERS THAT MAY BE INCLUDED IN A CUSTODY ORDER, PROVIDING FACTORS THE COURT MAY CONSIDER IN ISSUING OR MODIFYING A CUSTODY ORDER WHEN CONSIDERING THE BEST INTEREST OF THE CHILD, AND AUTHORIZING A PARENT TO SEEK ARBITRATION OF AN ISSUE THAT CANNOT BE RESOLVED BETWEEN THE PARENTS; AND TO AMEND SECTION 63-5-30, RELATING TO THE RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF PARENTS TO THEIR CHILDREN, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT UNLESS OTHERWISE PROVIDED BY AN ORDER OF THE COURT, PARENTS HAVE EQUAL POWERS, RIGHTS, AND DUTIES CONCERNING ALL MATTERS AFFECTING THEIR CHILDREN.
H. 4654 (Word version) -- Reps. Hardwick, Harrell, Loftis, Sandifer, White, Harrison, Owens, Crosby, Anderson, Bingham, Sottile, Corbin, Chumley, Forrester, Hearn, Henderson, Lucas, D.C. Moss, V.S. Moss, Ott, Parker, Southard, Murphy, Clemmons, Hixon, Knight and Patrick: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 48-1-90, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO PROHIBITING THE DISCHARGE OF POLLUTANTS INTO THE ENVIRONMENT AND REMEDIES FOR VIOLATIONS, SO AS TO PROVIDE EXEMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS ON THESE EXEMPTIONS AND TO SPECIFY THAT NO PRIVATE CAUSE OF ACTION IS CREATED BY OR EXISTS UNDER THE POLLUTION CONTROL ACT; TO AMEND SECTION 48-1-130, RELATING TO FINAL ORDERS OF THE DEPARTMENT DISCONTINUING DISCHARGE OF POLLUTANTS, SO AS TO DELETE PROVISIONS RELATING TO REQUIRED PROCEDURES PRECEDING THE ISSUANCE OF A FINAL ORDER AND TO PROVIDE THAT AN ORDER IS SUBJECT TO REVIEW PURSUANT TO THE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES ACT; TO AMEND SECTION 48-1-250, RELATING TO WHOM BENEFITS FROM CAUSES OF ACTION RESULTING FROM POLLUTION VIOLATIONS INURE, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT NO PRIVATE CAUSE OF ACTION IS CREATED BY OR EXISTS UNDER THE POLLUTION CONTROL ACT; AND TO MAKE THESE PROVISIONS RETROACTIVE AND EXTINGUISH ANY RIGHT, CLAIM, OR CAUSE OF ACTION ARISING UNDER OR RELATED TO THE POLLUTION CONTROL ACT, SUBJECT TO EXCEPTIONS FOR THE STATE AND ITS SUBDIVISIONS.
Senator COURSON asked unanimous consent to take the Bill up for immediate consideration.
There was no objection.
The Senate proceeded to a consideration of the Bill, the question being the third reading of the Bill.
Senator MALLOY spoke on the Bill.
The Bill was read the third time, passed and ordered returned to the House of Representatives with amendments.
H. 4497 (Word version) -- Reps. Sellers, Johnson, Brady, Gilliard, Jefferson and Knight: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 44-29-187 SO AS TO ENACT THE "CERVICAL CANCER PREVENTION ACT"; TO PROVIDE THAT BEGINNING WITH THE 2012-2013 SCHOOL YEAR, THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SHALL OFFER AS AN OPTION THE CERVICAL CANCER VACCINE SERIES TO FEMALE STUDENTS ENROLLING IN THE SEVENTH GRADE; TO PROVIDE THE STUDENT MAY ONLY RECEIVE THESE VACCINATIONS AT THE OPTION OF THE PARENT OR GUARDIAN OF THE CHILD; TO PROVIDE A PROCEDURE THROUGH WHICH A PARENT OR GUARDIAN MAY EXERCISE THE OPTION FOR THEIR CHILD TO RECEIVE THESE VACCINATIONS; TO REQUIRE A RELATED EDUCATION PROGRAM; AND TO PROVIDE THAT IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS SECTION IS CONTINGENT UPON STATE AND FEDERAL FUNDING.
H. 3127 (Word version) -- Reps. Rutherford, G.R. Smith, Clyburn, Weeks, Whipper and R.L. Brown: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 24-21-925 SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT A LIMITED PARDON MAY BE GRANTED TO A PERSON WHO HAS BEEN CONVICTED OF A NONVIOLENT FELONY OFFENSE THAT WOULD ALLOW HIM TO CARRY A FIREARM USED FOR HUNTING TO AND FROM HIS HUNTING DESTINATION AND USE IT WHILE HUNTING.
Senator SHEHEEN explained the Bill.
H. 4738 (Word version) -- Reps. Govan and Hearn: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 20-3-130, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE AWARD OF ALIMONY IN DIVORCE AND SEPARATE MAINTENANCE AND SUPPORT ACTIONS, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT ALIMONY IS TERMINABLE ON "COHABITATION", RATHER THAN ON "CONTINUED COHABITATION" OF THE SUPPORTED SPOUSE; TO DEFINE "COHABITATION" AS A COMMITTED, EXCLUSIVE RELATIONSHIP FOR AN AGGREGATE OF NINETY DAYS; AND TO PROVIDE FACTORS THAT THE COURT MAY CONSIDER IN DETERMINING WHETHER COHABITATION EXISTS; TO AMEND SECTION 20-3-150, AS AMENDED, RELATING TO ALLOCATING ALIMONY TO THE SUPPORTED SPOUSE AND CHILD SUPPORT TO THE CHILDREN SUCH THAT ONLY ALIMONY IS TERMINATED UPON REMARRIAGE OR CONTINUED COHABITATION OF THE SUPPORTED SPOUSE, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT ALIMONY IS TERMINABLE ON "COHABITATION", RATHER THAN ON "CONTINUED COHABITATION" OF THE SUPPORTED SPOUSE; TO DEFINE "COHABITATION" AS A COMMITTED, EXCLUSIVE RELATIONSHIP FOR AN AGGREGATE OF NINETY DAYS; AND TO PROVIDE FACTORS THAT THE COURT MAY CONSIDER IN DETERMINING WHETHER COHABITATION EXISTS; AND TO AMEND SECTION 20-3-170, RELATING TO THE MODIFICATION, CONFIRMATION, OR TERMINATION OF ALIMONY, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT UPON THE MOTION OF A PARTY TO A JUDGMENT OF DIVORCE, THE COURT SHALL CONDUCT A HEARING TO DETERMINE IF THE RETIREMENT OF THE SUPPORTING SPOUSE CONSTITUTES A CHANGE OF CIRCUMSTANCES FOR THE PURPOSE OF ALIMONY PAYMENTS AND TO PROVIDE FACTORS FOR THE COURT TO CONSIDER IN MAKING THIS DETERMINATION.
Senator SHEHEEN explained the Bill.
S. 1574 (Word version) -- Senator Setzler: A CONCURRENT RESOLUTION TO MEMORIALIZE THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES TO SEEK THE WITHDRAWAL OF THE UNITED STATES PREVENTIVE SERVICES TASK FORCE RECOMMENDATION AGAINST PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN-BASED SCREENING FOR PROSTATE CANCER FOR MEN IN ALL AGE GROUPS.
By prior motion of Senator SETZLER, the Concurrent Resolution was adopted, ordered sent to the House.
At 12:08 P.M., on motion of Senator COURSON, with unanimous consent, the Senate agreed to go into Executive Session.
RECESS
At 12:31 P.M., on motion of Senator COURSON, the Senate receded from business until 2:00 P.M.
AFTERNOON SESSION
The Senate reassembled at 2:00 P.M. and was called to order by the PRESIDENT.
RETURNED TO THE HOUSE
H. 4008 (Word version) -- Reps. Harrison, H.B. Brown, G.R. Smith, Knight, Atwater, Branham, Viers, Bannister, Dillard, Erickson, Hamilton, Hearn, Hosey, Limehouse, D.C. Moss, Patrick, Pinson, Sandifer, G.M. Smith, J.R. Smith, Stringer, Toole, Willis, Bingham and Clemmons: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 44-7-390 SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT THERE IS NO MONETARY LIABILITY, AND NO CAUSE OF ACTION IS CREATED, BY A HOSPITAL UNDERTAKING OR PERFORMING CERTAIN ACTS IF NOT DONE WITH MALICE; BY ADDING SECTION 44-7-392 SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT CERTAIN HOSPITAL PROCEEDINGS AND DATA, DOCUMENTS, RECORDS, AND INFORMATION RESULTING FROM THESE PROCEEDINGS ARE CONFIDENTIAL AND NOT SUBJECT TO DISCOVERY OR SUBPOENA AND MAY NOT BE USED AS EVIDENCE IN A CIVIL ACTION UNLESS THE HOSPITAL HAS WAIVED CONFIDENTIALITY OR THE DATA, DOCUMENTS, RECORDS, OR INFORMATION ARE OTHERWISE AVAILABLE AND SUBJECT TO DISCOVERY; TO PROVIDE THAT THE OUTCOME OF A PRACTITIONER'S APPLICATION FOR HOSPITAL STAFF MEMBERSHIP OR CLINICAL PRIVILEGES IS NOT CONFIDENTIAL BUT THAT THE APPLICATION AND SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS ARE CONFIDENTIAL; TO PROVIDE THAT DISCLOSURE OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY A HOSPITAL THROUGH REPORTS TO THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL, THE JOINT COMMISSION, OR THE BOARD OF MEDICAL EXAMINERS IS NOT A WAIVER OF ANY PRIVILEGE OR CONFIDENTIALITY; AND TO PROVIDE THAT AN AFFECTED PERSON MAY FILE AN ACTION TO ASSERT A CLAIM OF CONFIDENTIALITY AND TO ENJOIN THE HOSPITAL, THE JOINT COMMISSION, OR THE BOARD OF MEDICAL EXAMINERS FROM RELEASING SUCH INFORMATION, AND IF THE COURT FINDS THAT THE PERSON ACTED UNREASONABLY IN ASSERTING THIS CLAIM, THE COURT SHALL ASSESS ATTORNEY'S FEES AGAINST THAT PERSON; BY ADDING SECTION 44-7-394 SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT IF IN A JUDICIAL PROCEEDING THE COURT FINDS DOCUMENTS, OVER WHICH THE HOSPITAL ASSERTED A CLAIM OF CONFIDENTIALITY, ARE NOT SUBJECT TO CONFIDENTIALITY AND THAT THE HOSPITAL ACTED UNREASONABLY IN ASSERTING THIS CLAIM, THE COURT SHALL ASSESS ATTORNEY'S FEES AGAINST THE HOSPITAL FOR COSTS INCURRED BY THE REQUESTING PARTY TO OBTAIN THE DOCUMENTS; AND TO AMEND SECTION 40-71-10, RELATING TO THE EXEMPTION FROM TORT LIABILITY FOR MEMBERS OF CERTAIN PROFESSIONAL COMMITTEES, SO AS TO DELETE FROM THE EXEMPTION AN APPOINTED MEMBER OF A COMMITTEE OF A MEDICAL STAFF OF A HOSPITAL IF THE STAFF OPERATES PURSUANT TO WRITTEN BYLAWS APPROVED BY THE GOVERNING BOARD OF THE HOSPITAL.
Senator CLEARY asked unanimous consent to take the Bill up for immediate consideration.
There was no objection.
The Senate proceeded to a consideration of the Bill, the question being the third reading of the Bill.
Senators LOURIE and KNOTTS proposed the following amendment (S-4008 LOURIE):
Amend the bill, as and if amended, page 7, by striking lines 35-38 and inserting:
/ SECTION 3. Title 44 of the 1976 Code is amended by adding:
"Chapter 84
Commission on Hunger
Section 44-84-10. There is created within the Department of Health and Environmental Control the Commission on Hunger to develop, implement, and oversee a comprehensive strategy to reduce food insecurity and alleviate hunger in this State.
Section 44-84-20. As used in this chapter:
(1) 'Food insecurity' means a household-level economic and social condition of uncertainty of being able to acquire, in socially acceptable ways, enough food, at any given time, to meet basic dietary needs because of insufficient funds or other resources for food.
(2) 'Food recovery' means collecting wholesome food for distribution to the food insecure and hungry, including, field gleaning, perishable food rescue or salvage, collecting perishable produce from wholesale and retail sources, collecting prepared foods from the food service industry, and nonperishable food collection.
(3) 'Hunger' means a physiological condition that is a potential consequence of food insecurity, which, because of prolonged, involuntary lack of food, results in discomfort, illness, weakness, or pain that goes beyond the usual uneasy sensation.
Section 44-84-30. (A) The Commission on Hunger must be comprised of the following officials or their designees, who shall serve ex officio:
(1) Commissioner of the Department of Health and Environmental Control;
(2) Director of the Department of Social Services;
(3) Superintendent of Education;
(4) Commissioner of the Department of Agriculture;
(5) Director of the Department of Health and Human Services;
(6) Director of the Department of Employment and Workforce;
(7) Director of the Division on Aging, Office of the Lieutenant Governor;
(8) Chair of the Joint Citizens and Legislative Committee on Children;
(9) President of the South Carolina Food Bank Association;
(10) President of the South Carolina Dietetic Association;
(11) Director of the School Nutrition Council of South Carolina;
(12) Director of the South Carolina Association of Counties;
(13) Director of the Municipal Association of South Carolina;
(14) President of the South Carolina Hospitality Association;
(15) Executive Minister of the Christian Action Council;
(16) President of the South Carolina State Conference of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People;
(17) President of the Hispanic Leadership Council;
(18) Director of the United Way Association of South Carolina;
(19) Director of the South Carolina Retail Association.
(B) The commission shall elect from among its members a chairman and a vice chairman who shall serve terms of two years. The commission shall meet quarterly and otherwise at the call of the chair. A majority of the commission members constitutes a quorum for the purpose of conducting the business of the commission. The commission shall serve without per diem, mileage or subsistence.
Section 44-84-40. The Department of Health and Environmental Control shall provide from existing staff assistance to the commission in implementing the provisions of this chapter. No additional staff shall be hired and expenses shall be from the existing budget of the department.
Section 44-84-50. In carrying out its duties and responsibilities pursuant to this chapter, the commission has the authority to:
(1) establish ad hoc committees outside of the commission membership to assist the commission in fulfilling its duties;
(2) hold public hearings;
(3) review program and budget data of state agencies that engage in activities and provide services that involve the reduction of food insecurity and the alleviation of hunger and of other public and private entities that voluntarily agree to participate in these reviews.
Section 44-84-60. The commission shall:
(1) conduct research and analyze data, using existing data if possible, and undertake other studies and actions to determine:
(a) the dimension and demographics of food insecurity and hunger in this State;
(b) the cultural, community, and practical barriers to achieving food security;
(c) the availability and accessibility of emergency food sources and assistance among demographic groups and by geographic areas of the State, including gaps in availability and accessibility;
(d) other barriers to individuals receiving food from emergency food sources and programs;
(e) the effectiveness and efficiency of existing emergency food sources and programs;
(f) the participation rates of eligible persons in all federal food programs, including, but not limited to, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly food stamps), the Women, Infants, and Children Program, and school breakfast, lunch, and summer meal programs, and whether all federal programs and options have been adopted and maximized by the State;
(g) barriers to eligible individuals participating in federal food programs;
(h) the extent to which food recovery is used in this State to feed the food insecure and hungry and barriers to and opportunities for utilizing this resource;
(2) review the work of other public and private entities used to reduce food insecurity and alleviate hunger, including programs, approaches, and concepts addressing food source and program availability and access, program participation, and other matters as may be useful to the commission;
(3) evaluate existing and develop new opportunities for public-private partnerships to address the needs of the food insecure and hungry, including, but not limited to, utilization of food recovery and promotion, by expansion, of existing public-private endeavors and programs;
(4) identify strategies to overcome barriers to and develop solutions for improving delivery of and participation in food assistance programs;
(5) coordinate the effective and efficient provision of services and programs to the food insecure and hungry so that food sources and assistance will be readily available to the greatest number over the widest geographic area, including minimizing the duplication of services and programs and providing comprehensive public awareness and education campaigns throughout the State.
Section 44-84-70. All state agencies and political subdivisions of the State shall cooperate with the commission in providing information and assistance at the request of the commission.
Section 44-84-80. The commission annually shall submit a report to the Governor and General Assembly that includes the status of food insecurity and hunger in the State, progress being made to achieve food security and alleviate hunger, and proposals and recommendations for strengthening programs and services to further reduce food insecurity and alleviate hunger."
SECTION 4. SECTIONS 1 and 2 of this act take effect upon approval by the Governor and apply to any investigative action undertaken as provided herein where the underlying event giving rise to the investigation occurs on or after the effective date. SECTION 3 of this act takes effect July 1, 2012. /
Renumber sections to conform.
Amend title to conform.
Senator CLEARY explained the amendment.
H. 4008--Recorded Vote
Senator BRIGHT desired to be recorded as voting against the adoption of the amendment.
The question then was third reading of the Bill.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 42; Nays 0
AYES
Alexander Anderson Bright
Bryant Campbell Campsen
Cleary Coleman Courson
Cromer Davis Fair
Ford Grooms Hayes
Hutto Jackson Knotts
Land Leatherman Leventis
Lourie Malloy Martin, Larry
Martin, Shane Massey Matthews
McGill Nicholson O'Dell
Peeler Pinckney Rankin
Reese Rose Ryberg
Scott Setzler Sheheen
Shoopman Verdin Williams
Total--42
NAYS
Total--0
There being no further amendments, the Bill was read the third time, passed and ordered sent to the House of Representatives with amendments.
RETURNED TO THE HOUSE
H. 4888 (Word version) -- Reps. Thayer, Owens, Daning, Brannon, Erickson, Whitmire, Atwater, R.L. Brown, Gambrell, J.M. Neal, Putnam and Willis: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 38-73-470, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE DISPOSITION OF THE UNINSURED MOTORIST FUND, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT THE PORTION THAT WAS FORMERLY PAID TO THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY MUST BE PAID TO THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES; TO AMEND SECTION 56-1-286, AS AMENDED, RELATING TO THE SUSPENSION OF A DRIVER'S LICENSE OR PERMIT TO CERTAIN PERSONS WHO DRIVE A MOTOR VEHICLE WITH AN UNLAWFUL ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION, SO AS TO MAKE TECHNICAL CHANGES, AND TO PROVIDE THAT THE PORTION OF THE FEE TO OBTAIN A TEMPORARY ALCOHOL LICENSE THAT WAS FORMERLY RETAINED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY MUST BE DISTRIBUTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES; TO AMEND SECTION 56-3-3910, RELATING TO THE ISSUANCE OF "SHAG" SPECIAL LICENSE PLATES, SO AS TO REVISE THE BIENNIAL PERIOD IN WHICH THE LICENSE PLATE MUST BE ISSUED OR REVALIDATED; TO AMEND SECTION 56-3-5200, RELATING TO "SOUTH CAROLINA: FIRST IN GOLF" SPECIAL LICENSE PLATES, SO AS TO MAKE A TECHNICAL CHANGE; TO AMEND SECTION 56-5-2951, AS AMENDED, RELATING TO THE SUSPENSION OF A DRIVER'S LICENSE WHEN A DRIVER REFUSES TO SUBMIT TO TESTS TO DETERMINE HIS LEVEL OF ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION, SO AS TO MAKE A TECHNICAL CHANGE; TO AMEND SECTION 56-10-552, RELATING TO THE UNINSURED ENFORCEMENT FUND, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT THIS FUND WHICH WAS FORMERLY DIRECTED TO THE DIRECTOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY MUST NOW BE DIRECTED TO THE DIRECTOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES AND USED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES AND THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY; TO AMEND SECTION 56-15-420, RELATING TO THE PROMULGATION OF CERTAIN REGULATIONS BY THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT THESE REGULATIONS NOW WILL BE PROMULGATED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES; TO AMEND SECTION 56-19-420, AS AMENDED, RELATING TO CERTAIN FEES FOR SERVICES OFFERED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES, SO AS TO REVISE THE DISTRIBUTION OF THESE FEES; AND TO REPEAL ARTICLE 60, CHAPTER 3, TITLE 56 RELATING TO THE ISSUANCE OF "SHRINERS" SPECIAL LICENSE PLATES.
The Senate proceeded to a consideration of the Bill, the question being the third reading of the Bill.
Senators SCOTT and KNOTTS proposed the following amendment (SWB\5396CM12), which was adopted:
Amend the bill, as and if amended, by adding the following appropriately numbered SECTION:
/ SECTION __. Article 3, Chapter 19, Title 56 of the 1976 Code is amended by adding:
"Section 56-19-495. The Department of Motor Vehicles shall convene a working group chaired by the Director of the Department of Motor Vehicles, or the director's designee, for the purpose of assisting in the development of a process to be used for the titling of vehicles in this State for which no title can be provided, and assisting in the development of forms and regulations pursuant to this section. The working group must consist, at a minimum, of representative stakeholders from the classic car, dealer, insurance and lienholder industries, as well as from law enforcement agencies." /
Renumber sections to conform.
Amend title to conform.
Senator SCOTT explained the amendment.
The question then was third reading of the Bill.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 34; Nays 2; Present 1
AYES
Anderson Campbell Campsen
Cleary Courson Cromer
Davis Fair Grooms
Hayes Hutto Jackson
Knotts Land Leatherman
Leventis Lourie Malloy
Martin, Larry Massey Matthews
McGill Nicholson O'Dell
Peeler Pinckney Reese
Scott Setzler Sheheen
Shoopman Thomas Verdin
Williams
Total--34
NAYS
Bright Bryant
Total--2
PRESENT
Martin, Shane
Total--1
Statement by Senator ALEXANDER
Having been out of the Chamber because I was chairing the Conference Committee on retirement at the time the vote was taken, I would have voted in favor the third reading of H. 4888.
There being no further amendments, the Bill was read the third time, passed and ordered sent to the House of Representatives with amendments.
RETURNED TO THE HOUSE
H. 4801 (Word version) -- Reps. Sandifer, Gambrell, Bowen, Whitmire, Agnew, Thayer, Putnam and White: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 6-13-230, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE PIONEER RURAL WATER DISTRICT OF OCONEE AND ANDERSON COUNTIES, SO AS TO REVISE THE QUALIFICATIONS OF PERSONS WHO MAY BE APPOINTED TO THE GOVERNING BOARD OF THE DISTRICT AND THE MANNER OF THEIR APPOINTMENT; AND TO AMEND SECTION 6-13-240, AS AMENDED, RELATING TO THE POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE DISTRICT ACTING THROUGH ITS GOVERNING BOARD, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT THE DISTRICT MUST NOT CONTRACT FOR OR UNDERTAKE THE CONSTRUCTION OF ANY NEW FRESHWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES UNTIL JANUARY 1, 2016.
The Senate proceeded to a consideration of the Bill, the question being the third reading of the Bill.
Motion Under Rule 26B
Senator BRYANT asked unanimous consent to make a motion to take up further amendments pursuant to the provisions of Rule 26B.
There was no objection.
Senators ALEXANDER and BRYANT proposed the following amendment (JUD4801.004), which was adopted:
Amend the bill, as and if amended, by striking subsection 6-13-230(A), beginning on line 32 on page 1 and inserting:
/ "Section 6-13-230(A)(1). The district shall must be operated and managed by a board of directors to be known as the Pioneer Rural Water District Board of Oconee and Anderson Counties which shall constitute constitutes the governing body of the district. The board shall must consist of five resident electors of the area who shall be appointed by the Governor, upon the recommendation of a majority of those persons attending a meeting of residents of the area held pursuant to at least one week's notice in a local newspaper giving the time and place of the meeting. The chairman and secretary of the meeting shall certify the names of those recommended to the Governor. The original appointments must be for a term of two years for two appointees, for four years for two appointees, and for six years for one appointee. All terms after the initial appointments shall be for six years. All appointees shall hold office until their successors shall have been appointed and qualify. The initial terms of office shall begin as of June 8 1965. Any vacancy shall be filled in like manner as the original appointment for the unexpired portion of the term. Immediately after appointment, the board shall meet and organize by the election of one of its members as chairman, one as vice chairman, one as secretary and one as treasurer. The offices of the secretary and treasurer may be combined in the discretion of the board of five residents of the service area of the district who are qualified electors of Anderson or Oconee counties. Board members serving on this section's effective date shall serve the remainder of their six year terms and until their successors are elected and qualified. Upon the expiration of the term of each member serving on this section's effective date, the member's term will be for three years and until a successor is elected and qualified. The members must be elected to represent distinct service areas. A vacancy must be filled for the remainder of the unexpired term.
(2) Each board member must be elected by the customers of Pioneer Rural Water District who are both (a) residents of the service area and (b) qualified electors of Anderson or Oconee county. Each member is entitled to one vote, provided that the member casting the vote is both a resident of the service area and a qualified elector of Anderson or Oconee county.
Renumber sections to conform.
Amend title to conform.
Senator BRYNAT explained the amendment.
The question then was third reading of the Bill.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 39; Nays 0
AYES
Alexander Anderson Bright
Bryant Campbell Campsen
Cleary Coleman Courson
Cromer Davis Fair
Grooms Hayes Hutto
Jackson Knotts Leatherman
Leventis Lourie Malloy
Martin, Larry Martin, Shane Massey
Matthews McGill Nicholson
O'Dell Peeler Pinckney
Rankin Reese Rose
Scott Sheheen Shoopman
Thomas Verdin Williams
Total--39
NAYS
Total--0
There being no further amendments, the Bill was read the third time, passed and ordered sent to the House of Representatives with amendments.
The following Bill, having been read the second time, was ordered placed on the Third Reading Calendar:
S. 1583 (Word version) -- Senator Pinckney: A BILL TO AMEND ACT 476 OF 1998, RELATING TO JASPER COUNTY BOARD OF EDUCATION AS THE GOVERNING BODY OF THE SCHOOL DISTRICT OF JASPER COUNTY, SO AS TO REAPPORTION THE SPECIFIC ELECTION DISTRICTS FROM WHICH MEMBERS OF THE JASPER COUNTY BOARD OF EDUCATION SHALL BE ELECTED BEGINNING WITH SCHOOL BOARD ELECTIONS IN 2012, AND TO PROVIDE FOR DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION IN REGARD TO THESE NEWLY DRAWN ELECTION DISTRICTS.
On motion of Senator PINCKNEY
H. 4943 (Word version) -- Reps. Lowe, Crawford, Erickson, Patrick, Brannon, Ott, Bowers, G.A. Brown, Clemmons, Cole, Frye, Merrill, Pitts, Spires, Tallon, White, Knight and G.M. Smith: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 50-11-715 SO AS TO PROVIDE FOR THE HUNTING OF COYOTES, ARMADILLOS, AND FERAL HOGS ON PRIVATE PROPERTY DURING NIGHTTIME HOURS.
Senator CAMPSEN asked unanimous consent to take the Bill up for immediate consideration.
There was no objection.
The Senate proceeded to a consideration of the Bill, the question being the adoption of the amendment proposed by the Committee on Fish, Game and Forestry.
Senator CAMPSEN proposed the following amendment (4943R004.GEC), which was adopted:
Amend the committee amendment, as and if amended, by striking SECTION 1 in its entirety and inserting:
/ SECTION 1. Section 50-11-710 of the 1976 Code is amended to read:
"Section 50-11-710. (A) Night hunting in this State is unlawful except that:
(1) raccoons, opossums, foxes, coyotes, mink, and skunk may be hunted at night; however, they may not be hunted with artificial lights except when treed or cornered with dogs, or and may not be hunted with buckshot or any shot larger than a number four, or any rifle ammunition larger than a twenty-two rimfire.; and
(2) Feral hogs may be hunted at night with an artificial light that is carried on the hunter's person attached to a helmet or hat, or part of a belt system worn by the hunter and with a sidearm that has iron sites, and barrel length not exceeding nine inches with or without the aid of bait, electronic calls, artificial light, or night vison devices:. The sidearm may not be equipped with a butt-stock, scope, laser site, or light emitting or light enhancing device. However, hogs may not be hunted at night from a vehicle, or with a centerfire rifle or shotgun, unless specifically permitted by the department. A person that violates this item is guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, must be fined not more than five hundred dollars or imprisoned for not more than thirty days, or both.
(a) during any time of the year with a bow and arrow other than a crossbow, or pistol having iron sights, a barrel length not exceeding nine inches, and which is not equipped with a butt-stock, scope, or laser sight;
(b) from the last day of February to the first day of July of that same year with any legal firearm, bow and arrow, or crossbow when notice is given to the department pursuant to subsection (D). When hunting at night with a center fire rifle pursuant to this item, a hunter must be at an elevated position at least ten feet from the ground; and
(c) at any time of the year under authority of and pursuant to the conditions contained in a depredation permit issued by the department pursuant to Section 50-11-2570.
(3) coyotes Coyotes and armadillos may be hunted at night with an artificial light that is carried on the hunter's person attached to a helmet or hat, or part of a belt system worn by the hunter with or without the aid of bait, electronic calls, artificial light, or night vision devices:. Coyotes and armadillos may be hunted with a rifle or sidearm no larger than .22 caliber rimfire, a shotgun with a shot size no larger than a BB, or a sidearm of any caliber that has iron sites and a barrel length not exceeding nine inches. Any weapon used to hunt coyotes or armadillos may not be equipped with a butt-stock, scope, laser site, or light emitting or light enhancing device. It is unlawful to have in one's possession any shot size larger than a BB while legally hunting coyotes and armadillos at night with a shotgun, and coyotes and armadillos may not be hunted at night from a vehicle, unless specifically permitted by the department. A person who violates this item is guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, must be fined not more than five hundred dollars or imprisoned for not more than thirty days, or both.
(a) during any time of the year with a bow and arrow other than a crossbow, a rimfire rifle, a shotgun with shot size no larger than a BB, or a pistol of any caliber having iron sights, a barrel length not exceeding nine inches, and which is not equipped with a butt-stock, scope, or laser sight;
(b) from the last day of February to the first day of July of that same year with any legal firearm, bow and arrow, or crossbow when notice is given to the department pursuant to subsection (D). When hunting at night with a center fire rifle pursuant to this item, a hunter must be at an elevated position at least ten feet from the ground; and
(c) at any time of the year under authority of and pursuant to the conditions contained in a depredation permit issued by the department pursuant to Section 50-11-2570.
(B) The provisions contained in this items (2)(b) and (3)(b) do not apply to a person who has violated any provision contained in Article 4, Chapter 11, Title 50, except Section 50-11-708 and Section 50-11-750, during the previous five years.
(B)(C) For the purposes of this section, 'night' means that period of time between one hour after official sundown of a day and one hour before official sunrise of the following day.
(D) For the purposes of this section, 'notice to the department' means that the landowner upon which the animals will be taken has either called the department at least forty-eight hours prior to hunting or registered the property as otherwise prescribed by the department. The notice must include the name of each person participating in the hunt, the hunting license number of each person participating in the hunt, and the location of the hunt. Property must only be registered one time during each season, or annually for year-round hunts.
(C)(E) Any person violating the provisions of this section, upon conviction, must be fined for the first offense not more than one thousand dollars, or be imprisoned for not more than one year, or both; for the second offense within two years from the date of conviction for the first offense, not more than two thousand dollars nor less than four hundred dollars, or be imprisoned for not more than one year nor for less than ninety days, or both; for a third or subsequent offense within two years of the date of conviction for the last previous offense, not more than three thousand dollars nor less than five hundred dollars, or be imprisoned for not more than one year nor for less than one hundred twenty days, or both. Any person convicted under this section after more than two years have elapsed since his last conviction must be sentenced as for a first offense.
(D)(F)(1) A person who violates items (2) and (3) of subsection (A) is guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, must be fined not more than five hundred dollars or imprisoned for not more than thirty days, or both.
(2) In addition to any other penalty, any person convicted for a second or subsequent offense under this section within three years of the date of conviction for a first offense shall have his privilege to hunt in this State suspended for a period of two years. No hunting license may be issued to an individual while his privilege is suspended, and any license mistakenly issued is invalid. The penalty for hunting in this State during the period of suspension, upon conviction, must be imprisonment for not more than one year nor less than ninety days.
(E)(G) The provisions of this section may not be construed to prevent any owner of property from protecting the property from destruction by wild game as provided by law.
(F)(H) It is unlawful for a person to use artificial lights at night, except vehicle headlights while traveling in a normal manner on a public road or highway, while in possession of or with immediate access to both ammunition of a type prohibited for use at night by the first paragraph of this section and a weapon capable of firing the ammunition. A violation of this paragraph is punishable as provided by Section 50-11-720." /
Renumber sections to conform.
Amend title to conform.
Senator CAMPSEN explained the amendment.
The Committee on Fish, Game and Forestry proposed the following amendment (4943R001.RWC), which was adopted:
Amend the bill, as and if amended, by striking all after the enacting words and inserting:
/ SECTION 1. Article 4, Chapter 11, Title 50 of the 1976 Code is amended by adding:
"Section 50-11-715. (A) For the purposes of this section, 'notice to the department' means that the landowner upon which the animals will be taken has either called the department at least forty eight hours prior to hunting or registering the property as otherwise prescribed by the department. The notice must include the name of each person participating in the hunt, the hunting license of each person participating in the hunt, and the location of the hunt. Property must only be registered one time during each season, or annually for hunts conducted pursuant to subsection (B)(1)(b).
(B)(1)(a) Notwithstanding another provision of law, on private property, a landowner, or his lessee or agent, with written permission, a valid hunting license, the landowner's contact information in his possession, and upon providing notice to the department may take coyotes, armadillos, and feral hogs during the nighttime hours from one hour after official sunset on the last day of February to one hour before official sunrise the first day of July of that same year.
(b) A landowner, or his lessee or agent, with written permission, a valid hunting license, the landowner's contact information in his possession, and providing notice to the department may take armadillos during the nighttime hours from one hour after official sunset all year if using a rim fire rifle.
(2) The method of such taking shall be with any legal firearm or archery device and may be with or without the aid of bait, electronic calls, artificial light, infrared, thermal or laser sighting devices, night vision devices, or any device aiding the identification or targeting of species. When hunting with a center fire rifle an individual must be at an elevated position at least ten feet from the ground when hunting between the hours of one hour after sunset until one hour before sunrise.
(C) The provisions contained in this section do not apply if a person who has violated any provision contained in Article 4, Chapter 11, Title 50, except Section 50-11-708 and Section 50-11-750, during the previous five years."
SECTION 2. The first three paragraphs of Section 50-11-740 of the 1976 Code are amended to read:
"Section 50-11-740. Every vehicle, boat, trailer, other means of conveyance, animal, and firearm used in the hunting of deer or bear at night, or used in connection with a violation of Section 50-11-710, is forfeited to the State and must be confiscated by any peace officer who shall forthwith deliver it to the department.
"Hunting" as used in this section in reference to a vehicle, or boat, or other means of conveyance includes the transportation of a hunter to or from the place of hunting or the transportation of the carcass, or any part of the carcass, of a deer, or bear, coyote, armadillo, or feral hog which has been unlawfully killed at night.
For purposes of this section, a conviction for unlawfully hunting deer, or bear, coyote, armadillo, or feral hog at night is conclusive as against any convicted owner of the above-mentioned property.
SECTION 3. Section 50-16-70 of the 1976 Code is amended to read:
Section 50-16-70. (A) A person violating the provisions of this chapter, or any condition of a permit issued pursuant to this chapter, is guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, must be fined not more than one thousand dollars or imprisoned not more than six months, or both. The department must suspend the hunting privileges of a person convicted of violating this chapter for one year from the date of the conviction.
(B) In addition to any other penalties provided by law, a person convicted of a violation of subsection (A) is also subject to the confiscation, forefeiture, and sale provisions contained in Section 50-11-740 for any property, vehicle, trailer, or other means of conveyance utilized to import, possess, or transport the animal.
(C) For the purposes of this section, each animal imported in violation of subsection (A) constitutes a separate offense.
(D) Notwithstanding Chapter 3, Title 22, magistrates court shall have jurisdiction over actions arising under this section.
SECTION 4. This act takes effect upon approval by the Governor. /
Renumber sections to conform.
Amend title to conform.
Senator CAMPSEN explained the committee amendment.
The question then was second reading of the Bill.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 41; Nays 0
AYES
Alexander Anderson Bright
Bryant Campbell Campsen
Cleary Coleman Courson
Cromer Davis Fair
Ford Gregory Grooms
Hayes Hutto Jackson
Knotts Land Leventis
Lourie Malloy Martin, Larry
Martin, Shane Massey Matthews
McGill Nicholson Peeler
Pinckney Rankin Reese
Rose Scott Setzler
Sheheen Shoopman Thomas
Verdin Williams
Total--41
NAYS
Total--0
There being no further amendments, the Bill was read the second time, passed and ordered to a third reading.
OBJECTION
Senator THOMAS objected to the Bills on the Uncontested Local and Statewide Calendar.
CARRIED OVER
H. 3918 (Word version) -- Rep. White: A BILL TO AMEND CHAPTER 1, TITLE 55, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE CREATION OF THE DIVISION OF AERONAUTICS WITHIN THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, SO AS TO MOVE THE FUNCTIONS, DUTIES, AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE DIVISION OF AERONAUTICS TO THE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, TO REVISE CERTAIN PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE OPERATION OF INTRASTATE SCHEDULED AIRLINE SERVICE, COUNTY AVIATION COMMISSIONS, THE USE OF STATE-OWNED AIRCRAFT, AND THE USE OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES BY FLIGHT CREW MEMBERS, TO MAKE TECHNICAL CHANGES, AND TO REVISE CERTAIN PENALTIES; TO AMEND CHAPTER 3, TITLE 55, RELATING TO THE UNIFORM STATE LAWS FOR AERONAUTICS, SO AS TO MAKE TECHNICAL CHANGES, REVISE CERTAIN PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE DEFINITION OF VARIOUS FORMS OF AIRCRAFT, THE OWNERSHIP OF AIRSPACE, THE LANDING OF AN AIRCRAFT ON LANDS OR WATERS, TO PROVIDE THAT IT IS ILLEGAL TO POINT, AIM, OR DISCHARGE A LASER DEVICE AT CERTAIN AIRCRAFT, AND PROVIDE PENALTIES; TO AMEND CHAPTER 5, TITLE 55, RELATING TO THE UNIFORM STATE AERONAUTICAL REGULATORY LAW, SO AS TO MAKE TECHNICAL CHANGES, TO DELETE THE PROVISION THAT CONTAINS VARIOUS TERMS AND THEIR DEFINITIONS, TO DELETE THE PROVISION THAT REQUIRES THE STATE BUDGET AND CONTROL BOARD TO PROVIDE OFFICES FOR THE DIVISION OF AERONAUTICS, TO REVISE THE DIVISION'S RESPONSIBILITIES RELATING TO ITS REGULATION OF CERTAIN AIR NAVIGATION AND AIRPORT FACILITIES, THE CONSTRUCTION OF AIRPORTS, THE REPORTS IT FILES WITH THE FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, AND THE OPERATION OF THE DIVISION, TO PROVIDE PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS OF PROVISIONS OF THIS CHAPTER, AND TO REVISE PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE USE OF MONIES CONTAINED IN THE STATE AVIATION FUND; TO AMEND CHAPTER 9, TITLE 55, RELATING TO THE UNIFORM SOUTH CAROLINA AIRPORTS ACT, SO AS TO MAKE TECHNICAL CHANGES, TO PROVIDE THAT THIS CHAPTER ALSO APPLIES TO COUNTIES, AIRPORT COMMISSIONS, AND SPECIAL PURPOSE DISTRICTS, TO DELETE OBSOLETE TERMS, TO REVISE THE PROJECTS THAT MAY BE FUNDED FROM MONIES CONTAINED IN AIRPORT FACILITIES ACCOUNTS, AND TO PROVIDE FOR THE TERM "AIRPORT HAZARD" AND TO PROVIDE ITS DEFINITION AND THE REGULATION OF AN AIRPORT HAZARD; TO AMEND CHAPTER 11, TITLE 55, RELATING TO THE CREATION AND OPERATION OF CERTAIN AIRPORTS WITHIN THE STATE, SO AS TO MAKE TECHNICAL CHANGES, TO DELETE CERTAIN OBSOLETE TERMS, TO REVISE THE PROCESS FOR THE MAKING OF CERTAIN CONTRACTS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION, ERECTION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OF CERTAIN AIRPORT FACILITIES TO ALLOW FOR THE SALE OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AT CERTAIN AIRPORT FACILITIES, TO REVISE CERTAIN PENALTIES, TO REVISE THE DEFINITION OF A QUORUM FOR A CERTAIN AIRPORT COMMISSION, TO EXPAND THE AUTHORITY OF CERTAIN AIRPORT COMMISSIONS TO ADOPT RULES AND PROMULGATE REGULATIONS, TO PROVIDE THAT IT IS UNLAWFUL TO ENGAGE IN CERTAIN ACTIVITIES UPON CERTAIN AIRPORT PROPERTY, TO DELETE THE TERM "SECRETARY" AND ITS DEFINITION, AND REPLACE IT WITH THE TERM "EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR" AND ITS DEFINITION AND TO MAKE TECHNICAL CHANGES; TO AMEND CHAPTER 13, TITLE 55, RELATING TO THE PROTECTION OF AIRPORTS AND AIRPORT PROPERTY, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT THE DIVISION OF AERONAUTICS SHALL CREATE MAPS OF THE STATE'S PUBLIC USE AIRPORTS AND DISTRIBUTE THEM TO VARIOUS LOCAL GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES, AND TO DEFINE THE TERM "AIRPORT SAFETY ZONES", TO PROVIDE THAT POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS MAY ASSIST WITH THE PROTECTION OF AREAS THAT POSE HAZARDS TO AIR TRAFFIC, AND TO REVISE THE PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS OF THIS CHAPTER; TO AMEND CHAPTER 15, TITLE 55, RELATING TO RELOCATION ASSISTANCE, SO AS TO DELETE THE TERM "DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE" AND REPLACE IT WITH THE TERM "DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION", AND TO MAKE TECHNICAL CHANGES; TO AMEND CHAPTER 17, TITLE 55, RELATING TO REGIONAL AIRPORT DISTRICTS, SO AS TO REVISE THE PROVISION THAT REVISES THE TYPE OF AIR CARRIERS REGULATED BY THIS CHAPTER, AND TO MAKE TECHNICAL CHANGES; TO AMEND SECTION 13-1-20, RELATING TO CERTAIN RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, SO AS TO DELETE ITS RESPONSIBILITY TO DEVELOP STATE PUBLIC AIRPORTS AND AN AIR TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM; TO AMEND SECTION 13-1-30, AS AMENDED, RELATING TO THE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, SO AS TO REVISE THE PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE DIVISION OF AERONAUTICS; TO AMEND SECTION 13-1-1000, AS AMENDED, RELATING TO CERTAIN TERMS AND THEIR DEFINITIONS, SO AS TO REVISE THE DEFINITION OF THE TERM "DEPARTMENT"; TO AMEND SECTION 13-1-1010, RELATING TO THE AERONAUTICS COMMISSION, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT IT IS NO LONGER A DIVISION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, BUT A DIVISION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION; TO AMEND SECTIONS 57-1-20, 57-1-30, AND 57-1-450, ALL AS AMENDED, RELATING TO THE DUTIES, FUNCTIONS, AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT IT SHALL HAVE A DIVISION OF AERONAUTICS, OVERSEE THE SAFETY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE STATE'S PUBLIC USE AIRPORTS, PROVIDE SAFE RELIABLE AIR TRANSPORTATION FOR STATE GOVERNMENT AND BUSINESS PROSPECTS, AND PROVIDE THAT ITS DIRECTOR MUST BE APPOINTED BY THE GOVERNOR; AND TO REPEAL CHAPTER 8, TITLE 55, RELATING TO THE UNIFORM AIRCRAFT FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ACT.
Senator MASSEY asked unanimous consent to take the Bill up for immediate consideration.
There was no objection.
The Senate proceeded to a consideration of the Bill, the question being the third reading of the Bill.
Senator MASSEY explained the Bill.
On motion of Senator MASSEY, the Bill was carried over.
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it concurs in the amendments proposed by the Senate to:
S. 1031 (Word version) -- Senators Lourie, L. Martin, Elliott, Setzler and Alexander: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 56-5-5660(E)(1) OF THE 1976 CODE, RELATING TO THE APPLICATION FOR AND ISSUANCE OF DISPOSAL AUTHORITY CERTIFICATES, TO INCREASE THE AGE OF A VEHICLE THAT MAY BE DISPOSED OF BY A DEMOLISHER WITHOUT A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE OR OTHER NOTICE REQUIREMENTS FROM EIGHT TO FIFTEEN YEARS; TO AMEND SECTION 56-5-5670(A), RELATING TO DUTIES OF DEMOLISHERS PRIOR TO DEMOLISHING A VEHICLE ABANDONED ON A HIGHWAY, TO ESTABLISH A FIFTEEN DAY WAITING PERIOD BEFORE A DEMOLISHER MAY WRECK, DISMANTLE, OR DEMOLISH A VEHICLE UNLESS THE DEMOLISHER IS PROVIDED WITH A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE, AN AUCTION SALES RECEIPT, A DISPOSAL AUTHORITY CERTIFICATE, OR AN AFFIDAVIT OF PROOF OF LAWFUL POSSESSION; TO AMEND SECTION 56-5-5670(D), RELATING TO PENALTIES FOR DEMOLISHERS THAT BREACH DUTIES ESTABLISHED IN THIS SECTION, TO INCREASE PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS OF SECTION 56-5-5670; TO AMEND ARTICLE 39, CHAPTER 5, TITLE 56, RELATING TO THE DISPOSITION OF ABANDONED MOTOR VEHICLES ON HIGHWAYS, BY ADDING SECTION 56-5-5680 TO PROVIDE FOR AN AFFIDAVIT OF LAWFUL POSSESSION THAT A DEMOLISHER MAY ACCEPT IN LIEU OF A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE, AN AUCTION SALES RECEIPT, OR A DISPOSAL AUTHORITY CERTIFICATE, TO PROVIDE FOR THE CONTENTS OF THE AFFIDAVIT, TO PROVIDE THAT IT IS A FELONY TO KNOWINGLY PROVIDE FALSE INFORMATION IN THE AFFIDAVIT, TO REQUIRE A DEMOLISHER ACCEPTING AN AFFIDAVIT TO TRANSMIT THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE AFFIDAVIT TO THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES, TO REQUIRE THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES TO REPORT THE INFORMATION TRANSMITTED BY THE DEMOLISHER TO THE NATIONAL MOTOR VEHICLE TITLE INFORMATION SYSTEM, AND TO PRESCRIBE THE APPROPRIATE USES OF THE INFORMATION; TO AMEND SECTION 56-5-5945, RELATING TO DUTIES OF DEMOLISHERS PRIOR TO DEMOLISHING AN ABANDONED OR DERELICT MOTOR VEHICLE FOUND ON PRIVATE PROPERTY, TO ESTABLISH A FIFTEEN DAY WAITING PERIOD BEFORE A DEMOLISHER MAY WRECK, DISMANTLE, OR DEMOLISH AN ABANDONED VEHICLE UNLESS THE DEMOLISHER IS PROVIDED WITH A CERTIFICATE OF TITLE, A SALES RECEIPT ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION 56-5-5850, OR AN AFFIDAVIT OF PROOF OF LAWFUL POSSESSION, AND TO INCREASE PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS OF SECTION 56-5-5945; AND TO REQUIRE THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES TO ESTABLISH A MECHANISM FOR THE ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION OF THE INFORMATION REQUIRED UNDER THIS ACT AT NO CHARGE TO THE DEMOLISHER SUBMITTING THE INFORMATION.
and has ordered the Bill enrolled for Ratification.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it concurs in the amendments proposed by the Senate to:
H. 3028 (Word version) -- Reps. Clemmons, Taylor, Clyburn and Long: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 59-26-40, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO INDUCTION, ANNUAL, AND CONTINUING CONTRACTS FOR TEACHERS, SO AS TO INCREASE THE INDUCTION CONTRACT PERIOD FROM ONE YEAR TO FIVE YEARS.
and has ordered the Bill enrolled for Ratification.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it concurs in the amendments proposed by the Senate to:
H. 4513 (Word version) -- Rep. Harrison: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 43-35-310, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE MEMBERSHIP OF THE ADULT PROTECTION COORDINATING COUNCIL, SO AS TO REVISE THE MEMBERSHIP AND MAKE TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS; AND TO AMEND SECTION 43-35-330, RELATING TO THE DUTIES OF THE ADULT PROTECTION COORDINATING COUNCIL, SO AS TO REVISE THE DUTIES OF THE COUNCIL AND ADD THE REQUIREMENT THAT THE COUNCIL ANNUALLY PREPARE AND DISTRIBUTE TO THE MEMBERSHIP AND THE MEMBERS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY A REPORT OF THE COUNCIL'S ACTIVITIES AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS FOR THE CALENDAR YEAR.
and has ordered the Bill enrolled for Ratification.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it concurs in the amendments proposed by the Senate to:
H. 4786 (Word version) -- Reps. Sandifer and D.C. Moss: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 41-35-20 OF THE 1976 CODE, RELATING TO THE PAYMENT OF UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS BASED ON CERTAIN SERVICES IN SCHOOLS OR INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION, TO INCLUDE SERVICES PROVIDED BY SUBSTITUTE TEACHERS UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES.
and has ordered the Bill enrolled for Ratification.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it concurs in the amendments proposed by the Senate to:
S. 105 (Word version) -- Senators Verdin, Leventis and L. Martin: A BILL TO AMEND THE 1976 CODE, BY ADDING ARTICLE 8 TO CHAPTER 25, TITLE 57, TO DIRECT THE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION TO CREATE AND SUPERVISE A STATEWIDE PROGRAM RELATED TO PROVIDING DIRECTIONAL SIGNS ALONG THE STATE'S MAJOR HIGHWAYS AND INTERCHANGES LEADING TO AGRITOURISM ORIENTED FACILITIES ENGAGED IN EDUCATIONAL OR AGRITOURISM ACTIVITIES.
and has ordered the Bill enrolled for Ratification.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it concurs in the amendments proposed by the Senate to:
H. 3433 (Word version) -- Reps. Herbkersman and Patrick: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 7-7-110, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE DESIGNATION OF VOTING PRECINCTS IN BEAUFORT COUNTY, SO AS TO REVIEW AND RENAME CERTAIN VOTING PRECINCTS OF BEAUFORT COUNTY AND TO REDESIGNATE A MAP NUMBER FOR THE MAP ON WHICH LINES OF THESE PRECINCTS ARE DELINEATED AND MAINTAINED BY THE OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND STATISTICS OF THE STATE BUDGET AND CONTROL BOARD.
and has ordered the Bill enrolled for Ratification.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it concurs in the amendments proposed by the Senate to:
H. 4042 (Word version) -- Reps. Harrison, Brady, Pinson, H.B. Brown, Munnerlyn, Viers, Horne and Hardwick: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 39-5-31 SO AS TO MAKE IT AN UNFAIR TRADE PRACTICE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE GLASS REPAIR BUSINESS THAT ADMINISTERS INSURANCE CLAIMS FOR MOTOR VEHICLE GLASS REPAIRS TO HAVE AN INSURED'S GLASS REPAIR BUSINESS REFERRED TO ITSELF OR TO USE INFORMATION TO SOLICIT BUSINESS.
and has ordered the Bill enrolled for Ratification.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it concurs in the amendments proposed by the Senate to:
H. 4082 (Word version) -- Reps. Vick, Edge, Hiott, Hayes, R.L. Brown, Jefferson, Bowers, Anthony, Skelton, Williams, McLeod, G.M. Smith, Weeks, Gilliard, Agnew, Horne, Funderburk, Tribble, Pinson, Clemmons and Neilson: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 38-7-20, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE IMPOSITION OF THE INSURANCE PREMIUM TAX, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT SEVEN PERCENT OF THE ANNUAL REVENUE OF THIS TAX MUST BE TRANSFERRED TO THE SOUTH CAROLINA FORESTRY COMMISSION AND USED BY IT FOR FIREFIGHTING AND FIREFIGHTING EQUIPMENT REPLACEMENT AND FOREST INDUSTRY ECONOMIC ENHANCEMENT.
and has ordered the Bill enrolled for Ratification.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it concurs in the amendments proposed by the Senate to:
H. 4614 (Word version) -- Reps. Pitts, Lucas, Hearn, Brannon, Weeks, Spires, Loftis and Clemmons: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING ARTICLE 2 TO CHAPTER 15, TITLE 63 SO AS TO SPECIFY CERTAIN PROCEDURES AND REQUIREMENTS FOR COURT-ORDERED CHILD CUSTODY, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, DEFINING "JOINT CUSTODY" AND "SOLE CUSTODY", REQUIRING PARENTS TO JOINTLY PREPARE AND SUBMIT A PARENTING PLAN, WHICH THE COURT MUST CONSIDER BEFORE ISSUING TEMPORARY AND FINAL CUSTODY ORDERS; REQUIRING THE COURT TO MAKE FINAL CUSTODY DETERMINATIONS IN THE BEST INTEREST OF THE CHILD BASED UPON THE EVIDENCE PRESENTED, REQUIRING THE COURT TO CONSIDER JOINT CUSTODY IF EITHER PARENT SEEKS IT, STATING FINDINGS OF FACT AS TO WHY OR WHY NOT JOINT CUSTODY WAS AWARDED, PROVIDING MATTERS THAT MAY BE INCLUDED IN A CUSTODY ORDER, PROVIDING FACTORS THE COURT MAY CONSIDER IN ISSUING OR MODIFYING A CUSTODY ORDER WHEN CONSIDERING THE BEST INTEREST OF THE CHILD, AND AUTHORIZING A PARENT TO SEEK ARBITRATION OF AN ISSUE THAT CANNOT BE RESOLVED BETWEEN THE PARENTS; AND TO AMEND SECTION 63-5-30, RELATING TO THE RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF PARENTS TO THEIR CHILDREN, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT UNLESS OTHERWISE PROVIDED BY AN ORDER OF THE COURT, PARENTS HAVE EQUAL POWERS, RIGHTS, AND DUTIES CONCERNING ALL MATTERS AFFECTING THEIR CHILDREN.
and has ordered the Bill enrolled for Ratification.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it concurs in the amendments proposed by the Senate to:
H. 4497 (Word version) -- Reps. Sellers, Johnson, Brady, Gilliard, Jefferson and Knight: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 44-29-187 SO AS TO ENACT THE "CERVICAL CANCER PREVENTION ACT"; TO PROVIDE THAT BEGINNING WITH THE 2012-2013 SCHOOL YEAR, THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SHALL OFFER AS AN OPTION THE CERVICAL CANCER VACCINE SERIES TO FEMALE STUDENTS ENROLLING IN THE SEVENTH GRADE; TO PROVIDE THE STUDENT MAY ONLY RECEIVE THESE VACCINATIONS AT THE OPTION OF THE PARENT OR GUARDIAN OF THE CHILD; TO PROVIDE A PROCEDURE THROUGH WHICH A PARENT OR GUARDIAN MAY EXERCISE THE OPTION FOR THEIR CHILD TO RECEIVE THESE VACCINATIONS; TO REQUIRE A RELATED EDUCATION PROGRAM; AND TO PROVIDE THAT IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS SECTION IS CONTINGENT UPON STATE AND FEDERAL FUNDING.
and has ordered the Bill enrolled for Ratification.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it concurs in the amendments proposed by the Senate to:
H. 4654 (Word version) -- Reps. Hardwick, Harrell, Loftis, Sandifer, White, Harrison, Owens, Crosby, Anderson, Bingham, Sottile, Corbin, Chumley, Forrester, Hearn, Henderson, Lucas, D.C. Moss, V.S. Moss, Ott, Parker, Southard, Murphy, Clemmons, Hixon, Knight and Patrick: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 48-1-90, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO PROHIBITING THE DISCHARGE OF POLLUTANTS INTO THE ENVIRONMENT AND REMEDIES FOR VIOLATIONS, SO AS TO PROVIDE EXEMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS ON THESE EXEMPTIONS AND TO SPECIFY THAT NO PRIVATE CAUSE OF ACTION IS CREATED BY OR EXISTS UNDER THE POLLUTION CONTROL ACT; TO AMEND SECTION 48-1-130, RELATING TO FINAL ORDERS OF THE DEPARTMENT DISCONTINUING DISCHARGE OF POLLUTANTS, SO AS TO DELETE PROVISIONS RELATING TO REQUIRED PROCEDURES PRECEDING THE ISSUANCE OF A FINAL ORDER AND TO PROVIDE THAT AN ORDER IS SUBJECT TO REVIEW PURSUANT TO THE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES ACT; TO AMEND SECTION 48-1-250, RELATING TO WHOM BENEFITS FROM CAUSES OF ACTION RESULTING FROM POLLUTION VIOLATIONS INURE, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT NO PRIVATE CAUSE OF ACTION IS CREATED BY OR EXISTS UNDER THE POLLUTION CONTROL ACT; AND TO MAKE THESE PROVISIONS RETROACTIVE AND EXTINGUISH ANY RIGHT, CLAIM, OR CAUSE OF ACTION ARISING UNDER OR RELATED TO THE POLLUTION CONTROL ACT, SUBJECT TO EXCEPTIONS FOR THE STATE AND ITS SUBDIVISIONS.
and has ordered the Bill enrolled for Ratification.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it concurs in the amendments proposed by the Senate to:
H. 5098 (Word version) -- Reps. Hixon, Clyburn, Harrison, Taylor and Young: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 61-6-2010, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO TEMPORARY PERMITS FOR THE POSSESSION, SALE, AND CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS BY THE DRINK IN A COUNTY OR MUNICIPALITY UPON A FAVORABLE REFERENDUM VOTE, SO AS TO FURTHER PROVIDE FOR THOSE ELECTIONS WHICH CONSTITUTE GENERAL ELECTIONS FOR PURPOSES OF THE REFERENDUMS REQUIRED UNDER THIS SECTION.
and has ordered the Bill enrolled for Ratification.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it concurs in the amendments proposed by the Senate to:
H. 4945 (Word version) -- Reps. Funderburk, Harrison, Brantley, McLeod, Butler Garrick, Munnerlyn, Taylor, J.H. Neal, Dillard, Bannister, G.R. Smith, Bowers, Cobb-Hunter, Delleney, Hixon, Long, Pope and Young: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 7-5-185 SO AS TO AUTHORIZE A PERSON TO REGISTER TO VOTE ELECTRONICALLY ON THE INTERNET WEBSITE OF THE STATE ELECTION COMMISSION, TO PROVIDE A PROCEDURE FOR THIS TYPE OF REGISTRATION AND AUTHORIZE THE STATE ELECTION COMMISSION TO PROMULGATE REGULATIONS TO EFFECTUATE THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ACT.
and has ordered the Bill enrolled for Ratification.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 5, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it has returned the following Bill to the Senate with amendments:
S. 1419 (Word version) -- Senators Thomas, Ford and Hayes: A BILL TO AMEND CHAPTER 45, TITLE 38, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO INSURANCE BROKERS AND SURPLUS LINES INSURANCE, SO AS TO DEFINE TERMS, TO PROVIDE THAT THE REVENUE COLLECTED FROM THE BROKER'S PREMIUM TAX RATE MUST BE CREDITED TO A SPECIAL EARMARKED FUND, TO PROVIDE THE MANNER IN WHICH THE FUND MAY BE USED AND DISBURSED, TO AUTHORIZE THE DIRECTOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF INSURANCE TO CONDUCT EXAMINATIONS OF BROKER RECORDS, TO ALLOW THE DEPARTMENT OF INSURANCE TO PROMULGATE REGULATIONS NECESSARY TO IMPLEMENT THE CHAPTER, TO PROVIDE THE MANNER IN WHICH THE NONADMITTED AND REINSURANCE REFORM ACT OF 2010 MAY BE IMPLEMENTED; AND TO AMEND SECTION 38-7-160, RELATING TO MUNICIPAL LICENSE FEES AND TAXES, SO AS TO DISALLOW A MUNICIPALITY FROM CHARGING AN ADDITIONAL LICENSE FEE OR TAX BASED UPON A PERCENTAGE OF PREMIUMS FOR PURPOSES OF SURPLUS LINES INSURANCE.
Respectfully submitted,
Speaker of the House
The Bill was ordered placed on the Calendar for consideration tomorrow.
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it has returned the following Bill to the Senate with amendments:
S. 263 (Word version) -- Senators Knotts and Ford: A BILL TO AMEND ARTICLE 23, CHAPTER 5, TITLE 56 OF THE SOUTH CAROLINA CODE OF LAWS, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 56-5-2905, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT A PERSON WHO WHILE DRIVING A MOTOR VEHICLE DOES ANY ACT FORBIDDEN BY LAW IN THE DRIVING OF THE MOTOR VEHICLE, EXCEPT A VIOLATION OF SECTIONS 56-5-2930, 56-5-2935, OR 56-5-2945, WHICH PROXIMATELY CAUSES DEATH TO A PERSON, IS GUILTY OF THE MISDEMEANOR OFFENSE OF VEHICULAR HOMICIDE; AND TO AMEND SECTION 56-5-2946 OF THE SOUTH CAROLINA CODE OF LAWS, 1976, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT A PERSON MUST SUBMIT TO EITHER ONE OR A COMBINATION OF CHEMICAL TESTS OF HIS BREATH, BLOOD, OR URINE FOR THE PURPOSE OF DETERMINING THE PRESENCE OF ALCOHOL, DRUGS, OR A COMBINATION OF ALCOHOL AND DRUGS IF THE PERSON IS THE DRIVER OF A MOTOR VEHICLE INVOLVED IN A MOTOR VEHICLE INCIDENT RESULTING IN THE DEATH OF ANOTHER PERSON.
Respectfully submitted,
Speaker of the House
The Bill was ordered placed on the Calendar for consideration tomorrow.
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it has returned the following Bill to the Senate with amendments:
S. 1065 (Word version) -- Senators L. Martin, Hayes and Fair: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 61-2-180 OF THE 1976 CODE, RELATING TO BINGO, RAFFLES, AND OTHER SPECIAL EVENTS, TO CLARIFY THAT THIS SECTION DOES NOT AUTHORIZE THE USE OF ANY DEVICE PROHIBITED BY SECTION 12-21-2710; AND TO AMEND SECTION 61-4-580, RELATING TO GAME PROMOTIONS ALLOWED BY HOLDERS OF PERMITS AUTHORIZING THE SALE OF BEER OR WINE, TO CLARIFY THAT THIS ITEM DOES NOT AUTHORIZE THE USE OF ANY DEVICE PROHIBITED BY SECTION 12-21-2710.
Respectfully submitted,
Speaker of the House
The Bill was ordered placed on the Calendar for consideration tomorrow.
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it has returned the following Bill to the Senate with amendments:
S. 1354 (Word version) -- Senators Bryant, Thomas, Ford, L. Martin, Rose, Bright, Cromer, Fair and Thomas: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 35-1-604 OF THE 1976 CODE, RELATING TO SECURITIES VIOLATIONS, TO REQUIRE ALL CEASE AND DESIST ORDERS ISSUED BY THE SECURITIES COMMISSIONER TO BE PUBLIC DOCUMENTS AND TO REQUIRE PUBLICATION ON THE ATTORNEY GENERAL'S WEBSITE.
Respectfully submitted,
Speaker of the House
The Bill was ordered placed on the Calendar for consideration tomorrow.
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it has returned the following Bill to the Senate with amendments:
S. 300 (Word version) -- Senators Fair, Hutto, Jackson, Knotts, Rankin and Ford: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 63-19-1440, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO COMMITMENT OF JUVENILES TO THE DEPARTMENT OF JUVENILE JUSTICE, SO AS TO AUTHORIZE THE DEPARTMENT OF JUVENILE JUSTICE TO ALLOW A JUVENILE WHO IS TEMPORARILY COMMITTED TO ITS CUSTODY, AFTER BEING ADJUDICATED FOR A STATUS OFFENSE, MISDEMEANOR OFFENSE, OR A PROBATION VIOLATION OR CONTEMPT, TO UNDERGO A COMMUNITY EVALUATION WITH CERTAIN SAFEGUARDS AND EXCEPTIONS.
Respectfully submitted,
Speaker of the House
The Bill was ordered placed on the Calendar for consideration tomorrow.
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it has returned the following Bill to the Senate with amendments:
S. 1099 (Word version) -- Senator Fair: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 63-19-650 SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF JUVENILE PAROLE SHALL RECEIVE A HEARING FEE.
Respectfully submitted,
Speaker of the House
The Bill was ordered placed on the Calendar for consideration tomorrow.
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it has returned the following Bill to the Senate with amendments:
S. 1220 (Word version) -- Senators Campbell, Hayes and Ford: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 48-2-50, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO FEES IMPOSED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL FOR CERTAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS, INCLUDING THE SURFACE WATER WITHDRAWAL PROGRAM, WHICH ARE DEPOSITED INTO THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION FUND FOR ADMINISTRATION OF THESE PROGRAMS, SO AS TO ENUMERATE THE FEES FOR SURFACE WATER WITHDRAWAL APPLICATIONS AND PERMITS THAT WOULD OTHERWISE HAVE BEEN REPEALED JANUARY 1, 2013; BY ADDING SECTION 49-4-175 SO AS TO REIMPOSE THE FEES THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL MAY CHARGE FOR SURFACE WATER WITHDRAWAL AND APPLICATIONS AND PERMITS AND TO PROVIDE THAT THE DEPARTMENT SHALL RETAIN THESE FEES TO IMPLEMENT AND OPERATE THE SURFACE WATER WITHDRAWAL PROGRAM; AND TO AMEND ACT 247 OF 2010, BY REPEALING PROVISIONS THAT PROSPECTIVELY REPEAL THE IMPOSITION OF SURFACE WATER WITHDRAWAL PERMIT FEES.
Respectfully submitted,
Speaker of the House
The Bill was ordered placed on the Calendar for consideration tomorrow.
Privilege of the Chamber
On motion of Senators O'DELL and MALLOY, with unanimous consent, the Privilege of the Chamber to that area behind the rail, was extended to Ms. Mary Lou Price and her family upon the occasion of her retirement from the S.C. Senate.
Senators MALLOY, PINCKNEY and COURSON commended and thanked her for her many years of devoted service.
THE CALL OF THE UNCONTESTED CALENDAR HAVING BEEN COMPLETED, THE SENATE PROCEEDED TO THE MOTION PERIOD.
On motion of Senator LEATHERMAN, the Senate agreed to dispense with the Motion Period.
HAVING DISPENSED WITH THE MOTION PERIOD, THE SENATE PROCEEDED TO A CONSIDERATION OF REPORTS OF COMMITTEES OF CONFERENCE AND FREE CONFERENCE.
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it has adopted the Report of the Committee of Conference on:
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that the Report of the Committee of Conference having been adopted by both Houses, and this Bill having been read three times in each House, it was ordered that the title thereof be changed to that of an Act and that it be enrolled for Ratification:
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it has requested and was granted Free Conference Powers and has appointed Reps. Gilliard, Rutherford and Herbkersman to the Committee of Free Conference on the part of the House on:
H. 3527 (Word version) -- Reps. Gilliard, McEachern, Spires, Butler Garrick, King, Jefferson, Sabb, Munnerlyn, V.S. Moss, Cobb-Hunter, Herbkersman, Willis, Harrell, Pope, D.C. Moss, Norman, Hearn, Horne, Murphy, Bikas, Viers, Whipper and R.L. Brown: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 24-3-970 SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT IT IS UNLAWFUL FOR AN INMATE TO BE A MEMBER OF AN INTERNET-BASED SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITE AND TO PROVIDE A PENALTY.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it has adopted the Report of the Committee of Free Conference on:
H. 3527 (Word version) -- Reps. Gilliard, McEachern, Spires, Butler Garrick, King, Jefferson, Sabb, Munnerlyn, V.S. Moss, Cobb-Hunter, Herbkersman, Willis, Harrell, Pope, D.C. Moss, Norman, Hearn, Horne, Murphy, Bikas, Viers, Whipper and R.L. Brown: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 24-3-970 SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT IT IS UNLAWFUL FOR AN INMATE TO BE A MEMBER OF AN INTERNET-BASED SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITE AND TO PROVIDE A PENALTY.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that the Report of the Committee of Free Conference having been adopted by both Houses, and this Bill having been read three times in each House, it was ordered that the title thereof be changed to that of an Act and that it be enrolled for Ratification:
H. 3527 (Word version) -- Reps. Gilliard, McEachern, Spires, Butler Garrick, King, Jefferson, Sabb, Munnerlyn, V.S. Moss, Cobb-Hunter, Herbkersman, Willis, Harrell, Pope, D.C. Moss, Norman, Hearn, Horne, Murphy, Bikas, Viers, Whipper and R.L. Brown: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 24-3-970 SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT IT IS UNLAWFUL FOR AN INMATE TO BE A MEMBER OF AN INTERNET-BASED SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITE AND TO PROVIDE A PENALTY.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it refuses to concur in the amendments proposed by the Senate to:
H. 5025 (Word version) -- Reps. Govan, Cobb-Hunter, King, Limehouse, J.H. Neal, Ott, R.L. Brown and Gilliard: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 59-127-20, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF SOUTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY, SO AS TO REVISE THE NUMBER OF BOARD MEMBERS AND THE MANNER IN WHICH MEMBERS OF THE BOARD ARE ELECTED TO ACCOUNT FOR THE NEW SEVENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT AND THREE ALUMNI MEMBERS, AND TO REVISE OTHER PROVISIONS RELATING TO TERMS OF BOARD MEMBERS, INCLUDING A PROVISION THAT THE TERMS OF ALL PRESENTLY ELECTED MEMBERS OF THE BOARD SHALL EXPIRE ON JUNE 30, 2012, AT WHICH TIME THEIR SUCCESSORS ELECTED AS PROVIDED BY THIS SECTION SHALL TAKE OFFICE.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
H. 5025-SENATE INSISTS ON THEIR AMENDMENTS
CONFERENCE COMMITTEE APPOINTED
H. 5025 (Word version) -- Reps. Govan, Cobb-Hunter, King, Limehouse, J.H. Neal, Ott, R.L. Brown and Gilliard: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 59-127-20, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF SOUTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY, SO AS TO REVISE THE NUMBER OF BOARD MEMBERS AND THE MANNER IN WHICH MEMBERS OF THE BOARD ARE ELECTED TO ACCOUNT FOR THE NEW SEVENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT AND THREE ALUMNI MEMBERS, AND TO REVISE OTHER PROVISIONS RELATING TO TERMS OF BOARD MEMBERS, INCLUDING A PROVISION THAT THE TERMS OF ALL PRESENTLY ELECTED MEMBERS OF THE BOARD SHALL EXPIRE ON JUNE 30, 2012, AT WHICH TIME THEIR SUCCESSORS ELECTED AS PROVIDED BY THIS SECTION SHALL TAKE OFFICE.
On motion of Senator COURSON, the Senate insisted upon its amendments to H. 5025 and asked for a Committee of Conference.
Whereupon, Senators MATTHEWS, JACKSON and BRYANT were appointed to the Committee of Conference on the part of the Senate and a message was sent to the House accordingly.
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it has appointed Reps. Govan, Cobb-Hunter and Skelton to the Committee of Conference on the part of the House on:
H. 5025 (Word version) -- Reps. Govan, Cobb-Hunter, King, Limehouse, J.H. Neal, Ott, R.L. Brown and Gilliard: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 59-127-20, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF SOUTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY, SO AS TO REVISE THE NUMBER OF BOARD MEMBERS AND THE MANNER IN WHICH MEMBERS OF THE BOARD ARE ELECTED TO ACCOUNT FOR THE NEW SEVENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT AND THREE ALUMNI MEMBERS, AND TO REVISE OTHER PROVISIONS RELATING TO TERMS OF BOARD MEMBERS, INCLUDING A PROVISION THAT THE TERMS OF ALL PRESENTLY ELECTED MEMBERS OF THE BOARD SHALL EXPIRE ON JUNE 30, 2012, AT WHICH TIME THEIR SUCCESSORS ELECTED AS PROVIDED BY THIS SECTION SHALL TAKE OFFICE.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it has appointed Reps. Bannister, Hearn and Weeks to the Committee of Conference on the part of the House on:
H. 3400 (Word version) -- Rep. Weeks: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 63-3-530, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO JURISDICTION OF THE FAMILY COURT IN CERTAIN MATTERS, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT A CHILD SUPPORT OBLIGATION AUTOMATICALLY TERMINATES WHEN THE CHILD TURNS EIGHTEEN OR GRADUATES FROM HIGH SCHOOL, WHICHEVER IS SOONER.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it has adopted the Report of the Committee of Conference on:
H. 3757 (Word version) -- Reps. Hardwick, Hearn, Mitchell, Long, Erickson, Brady, Butler Garrick, Funderburk, Munnerlyn, Knight, Dillard, Cobb-Hunter, Parks, Huggins, Allison, Tallon, Brannon, Atwater, Whipper, Patrick and J.R. Smith: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING ARTICLE 19 TO CHAPTER 3, TITLE 16 SO AS TO DEFINE NECESSARY TERMS, PROVIDE FOR CERTAIN HUMAN TRAFFICKING OFFENSES AND PROVIDE PENALTIES, TO PROVIDE FOR CRIMINAL LIABILITY OF BUSINESS ENTITIES, TO PROVIDE RESTITUTION FOR VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING OFFENSES, TO ESTABLISH AN INTERAGENCY TASK FORCE TO DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT A PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION OF TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS, TO REQUIRE THE COLLECTION AND DISSEMINATION OF DATA RELATED TO HUMAN TRAFFICKING BY THE STATE LAW ENFORCEMENT DIVISION (SLED), TO REQUIRE MANDATORY LAW ENFORCEMENT TRAINING ON HUMAN TRAFFICKING OFFENSES, TO PROVIDE FOR THE CREATION OF PUBLIC AWARENESS PROGRAMS REGARDING HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN THE STATE, TO ALLOW CIVIL ACTIONS BY VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING, TO PROVIDE THAT CERTAIN STANDARDS OF WORKING CONDITIONS APPLY WITHOUT REGARD TO IMMIGRATION STATUS, TO PROVIDE CERTAIN PROTECTIONS FOR VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING PURSUANT TO THE VICTIMS' BILL OF RIGHTS AND OTHER RELEVANT STATUTORY PROVISIONS, TO REQUIRE THE STATE TO DEVELOP PLANS FOR HOUSING AND COUNSELING, AMONG OTHER THINGS, OF VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING WITHIN ONE HUNDRED EIGHTY DAYS OF THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE ACT, TO PROVIDE FOR CERTAIN RIGHTS OF MINOR VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING, TO ESTABLISH HUMAN TRAFFICKING VICTIM-CASEWORKER PRIVILEGE, AND TO CREATE THE OFFENSE OF MALICIOUSLY OR WITH CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE PUBLISHING, DISSEMINATING, OR OTHERWISE DISCLOSING THE LOCATION OF A HUMAN TRAFFICKING VICTIM, A TRAFFICKING SHELTER, OR A DOMESTIC VIOLENCE SHELTER AND TO PROVIDE A PENALTY; AND TO REPEAL SECTION 16-3-930 RELATING TO TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS FOR FORCED LABOR OR SERVICES.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
H. 3757--REPORT OF THE
H. 3757 (Word version) -- Reps. Hardwick, Hearn, Mitchell, Long, Erickson, Brady, Butler Garrick, Funderburk, Munnerlyn, Knight, Dillard, Cobb-Hunter, Parks, Huggins, Allison, Tallon, Brannon, Atwater, Whipper, Patrick and J.R. Smith: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING ARTICLE 19 TO CHAPTER 3, TITLE 16 SO AS TO DEFINE NECESSARY TERMS, PROVIDE FOR CERTAIN HUMAN TRAFFICKING OFFENSES AND PROVIDE PENALTIES, TO PROVIDE FOR CRIMINAL LIABILITY OF BUSINESS ENTITIES, TO PROVIDE RESTITUTION FOR VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING OFFENSES, TO ESTABLISH AN INTERAGENCY TASK FORCE TO DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT A PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION OF TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS, TO REQUIRE THE COLLECTION AND DISSEMINATION OF DATA RELATED TO HUMAN TRAFFICKING BY THE STATE LAW ENFORCEMENT DIVISION (SLED), TO REQUIRE MANDATORY LAW ENFORCEMENT TRAINING ON HUMAN TRAFFICKING OFFENSES, TO PROVIDE FOR THE CREATION OF PUBLIC AWARENESS PROGRAMS REGARDING HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN THE STATE, TO ALLOW CIVIL ACTIONS BY VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING, TO PROVIDE THAT CERTAIN STANDARDS OF WORKING CONDITIONS APPLY WITHOUT REGARD TO IMMIGRATION STATUS, TO PROVIDE CERTAIN PROTECTIONS FOR VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING PURSUANT TO THE VICTIMS' BILL OF RIGHTS AND OTHER RELEVANT STATUTORY PROVISIONS, TO REQUIRE THE STATE TO DEVELOP PLANS FOR HOUSING AND COUNSELING, AMONG OTHER THINGS, OF VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING WITHIN ONE HUNDRED EIGHTY DAYS OF THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE ACT, TO PROVIDE FOR CERTAIN RIGHTS OF MINOR VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING, TO ESTABLISH HUMAN TRAFFICKING VICTIM-CASEWORKER PRIVILEGE, AND TO CREATE THE OFFENSE OF MALICIOUSLY OR WITH CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE PUBLISHING, DISSEMINATING, OR OTHERWISE DISCLOSING THE LOCATION OF A HUMAN TRAFFICKING VICTIM, A TRAFFICKING SHELTER, OR A DOMESTIC VIOLENCE SHELTER AND TO PROVIDE A PENALTY; AND TO REPEAL SECTION 16-3-930 RELATING TO TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS FOR FORCED LABOR OR SERVICES.
On motion of Senator HUTTO, with unanimous consent, the Report of the Committee of Conference was taken up for immediate consideration.
Senator HUTTO spoke on the report.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 43; Nays 0
AYES
Alexander Anderson Bright
Bryant Campbell Campsen
Cleary Courson Cromer
Davis Elliott Fair
Ford Gregory Grooms
Hayes Hutto Jackson
Knotts Land Leatherman
Leventis Lourie Malloy
Martin, Larry Martin, Shane Massey
Matthews McGill Nicholson
Peeler Pinckney Rankin
Reese Rose Ryberg
Scott Setzler Sheheen
Shoopman Thomas Verdin
Williams
Total--43
NAYS
Total--0
On motion of Senator HUTTO, the Report of the Committee of Conference to H. 3757 was adopted as follows:
H. 3757--Conference Report
The General Assembly, Columbia, S.C., June 5, 2012
The Committee of Conference, to whom was referred:
H. 3757 (Word version) -- Reps. Hardwick, Hearn, Mitchell, Long, Erickson, Brady, Butler Garrick, Funderburk, Munnerlyn, Knight, Dillard, Cobb-Hunter, Parks, Huggins, Allison, Tallon, Brannon, Atwater, Whipper, Patrick and J.R. Smith: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING ARTICLE 19 TO CHAPTER 3, TITLE 16 SO AS TO DEFINE NECESSARY TERMS, PROVIDE FOR CERTAIN HUMAN TRAFFICKING OFFENSES AND PROVIDE PENALTIES, TO PROVIDE FOR CRIMINAL LIABILITY OF BUSINESS ENTITIES, TO PROVIDE RESTITUTION FOR VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING OFFENSES, TO ESTABLISH AN INTERAGENCY TASK FORCE TO DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT A PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION OF TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS, TO REQUIRE THE COLLECTION AND DISSEMINATION OF DATA RELATED TO HUMAN TRAFFICKING BY THE STATE LAW ENFORCEMENT DIVISION (SLED), TO REQUIRE MANDATORY LAW ENFORCEMENT TRAINING ON HUMAN TRAFFICKING OFFENSES, TO PROVIDE FOR THE CREATION OF PUBLIC AWARENESS PROGRAMS REGARDING HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN THE STATE, TO ALLOW CIVIL ACTIONS BY VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING, TO PROVIDE THAT CERTAIN STANDARDS OF WORKING CONDITIONS APPLY WITHOUT REGARD TO IMMIGRATION STATUS, TO PROVIDE CERTAIN PROTECTIONS FOR VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING PURSUANT TO THE VICTIMS' BILL OF RIGHTS AND OTHER RELEVANT STATUTORY PROVISIONS, TO REQUIRE THE STATE TO DEVELOP PLANS FOR HOUSING AND COUNSELING, AMONG OTHER THINGS, OF VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING WITHIN ONE HUNDRED EIGHTY DAYS OF THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE ACT, TO PROVIDE FOR CERTAIN RIGHTS OF MINOR VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING, TO ESTABLISH HUMAN TRAFFICKING VICTIM-CASEWORKER PRIVILEGE, AND TO CREATE THE OFFENSE OF MALICIOUSLY OR WITH CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE PUBLISHING, DISSEMINATING, OR OTHERWISE DISCLOSING THE LOCATION OF A HUMAN TRAFFICKING VICTIM, A TRAFFICKING SHELTER, OR A DOMESTIC VIOLENCE SHELTER AND TO PROVIDE A PENALTY; AND TO REPEAL SECTION 16-3-930 RELATING TO TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS FOR FORCED LABOR OR SERVICES.
Beg leave to report that they have duly and carefully considered the same and recommend:
That the same do pass with the following amendments:
Amend the bill, as and if amended, by striking all after the enacting words and inserting:
/ SECTION 1. Chapter 3, Title 16 of the 1976 Code is amended by adding:
"Article 19
Trafficking in Persons
(1) 'Business' means a corporation, partnership, proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, organization, or self-employed individual.
(2) 'Charitable organization' means a 'charitable organization' pursuant to Section 33-56-20.
(3) 'Debt bondage' means the status or condition of a debtor arising from a pledge by the debtor of his personal services or those of a person under his control as a security for debt, if the value of those services as reasonably assessed is not applied toward the liquidation of the debt or the length and nature of those services are not respectively limited and defined or if the principal amount of the debt does not reasonably reflect the value of the items or services for which the debt was incurred.
(4) 'Forced labor' means any type of labor or services performed or provided by a person rendered through another person's coercion of the person providing the labor or services.
This definition does not include labor or services performed or provided by a person in the custody of the Department of Corrections or a local jail, detention center, or correctional facility.
(5) 'Involuntary servitude' means a condition of servitude induced through coercion.
(6) 'Person' means an individual, corporation, partnership, charitable organization, or another legal entity.
(7) 'Sex trafficking' means the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for one of the following when it is induced by force, fraud, or coercion or the person forced to perform the act is under the age of eighteen years and anything of value is given, promised to, or received, directly or indirectly, by another person:
(a) criminal sexual conduct pursuant to Section 16-3-651;
(b) criminal sexual conduct in the first degree pursuant to Section 16-3-652;
(c) criminal sexual conduct in the second degree pursuant to Section 16-3-653;
(d) criminal sexual conduct in the third degree pursuant to Section 16-3-654;
(e) criminal sexual conduct with a minor pursuant to Section 16-3-655;
(f) engaging a child for sexual performance pursuant to Section 16-3-810;
(g) performance pursuant to Section 16-3-800;
(h) producing, directing or promoting sexual performance by a child pursuant to Section 16-3-820;
(i) sexual battery pursuant to Section 16-3-661;
(j) sexual conduct pursuant to Section 16-3-800; or
(k) sexual performance pursuant to Section 16-3-800.
(8) 'Services' means an act committed at the behest of, under the supervision of, or for the benefit of another person.
(9) 'Trafficking in persons' means when a victim is subjected to or a person attempts to subject a victim to sex trafficking; forced labor or services; involuntary servitude; or debt bondage by employing one of the following:
(a) physically restraining or threatening to physically restrain another person;
(b) knowingly destroying, concealing, removing, confiscating, or possessing an actual or purported passport or other immigration document, or another actual or purported government identification document, of the victim;
(c) extortion or blackmail;
(d) causing or threatening to cause financial harm to the victim;
(e) facilitating or controlling a victim's access to a controlled substance; or
(f) coercion.
(10) 'Victim of trafficking in persons' or 'victim' means a person who has been subjected to the crime of trafficking in persons.
Section 16-3-2020. (A) A person who recruits, entices, solicits, isolates, harbors, transports, provides, or obtains, or so attempts, a victim, knowing that the victim will be subjected to sex trafficking, forced labor or services, involuntary servitude or debt bondage through any means or who benefits, financially or by receiving anything of value, from participation in a venture which has engaged in an act described in this subsection, is guilty of trafficking in persons.
(B) A person who recruits, entices, solicits, isolates, harbors, transports, provides, or obtains, or so attempts, a victim, for the purposes of sex trafficking, forced labor or services, involuntary servitude or debt bondage through any means or who benefits, financially or by receiving anything of value, from participation in a venture which has engaged in an act described in subsection (A), is guilty of trafficking in persons.
(C) For a first offense, the person is guilty of a felony and, upon conviction, must be imprisoned not more than fifteen years.
(D) For a second offense, the person is guilty of a felony and, upon conviction, must be imprisoned not more than thirty years.
(E) For a third or subsequent offense, the person is guilty of a felony and upon conviction, must be imprisoned not more than forty-five years.
(F) If the victim of an offense contained in this section is under the age of eighteen, an additional term of fifteen years may be imposed in addition and must be consecutive to the penalty prescribed for a violation of this section.
(G) A person who aids, abets, or conspires with another person to violate the criminal provisions of this section must be punished in the same manner as provided for the principal offender and is considered a trafficker.
(H) A business owner who uses his business in a way that participates in a violation of this article, upon conviction, must be imprisoned for not more than ten years in addition to the penalties provided in this section for each violation.
(I) A plea of guilty or the legal equivalent entered pursuant to a provision of this article by an offender entitles the victim of trafficking in persons to all benefits, rights, and compensation granted pursuant to Section 16-3-1110.
(J) In a prosecution of a person who is a victim of trafficking in persons, it is an affirmative defense that he was under duress or coerced into committing the offenses for which he is subject to prosecution, if the offenses were committed as a direct result of, or incidental or related to, trafficking.
(K) Evidence of the following facts or conditions do not constitute a defense in a prosecution for a violation of this article, nor does the evidence preclude a finding of a violation:
(1) the victim's sexual history or history of commercial sexual activity, the specific instances of the victim's sexual conduct, opinion evidence of the victim's sexual conduct, and reputation evidence of the victim's sexual conduct;
(2) the victim's connection by blood or marriage to a defendant in the case or to anyone involved in the victim's trafficking;
(3) the implied or express consent of a victim to acts which violate the provisions of this section do not constitute a defense to violations of this section;
(4) age of consent to sex, legal age of marriage, or other discretionary age; and
(5) mistake as to the victim's age, even if the mistake is reasonable.
(L) A person who violates the provisions of this section may be prosecuted by the State Grand Jury pursuant to Section 14-7-1600 when a victim is trafficked in more than one county or a trafficker commits the offense of trafficking in persons in more than one county.
Section 16-3-2030. (A) The principal owners of a business, a business entity, including a corporation, partnership, charitable organization, or another legal entity, that knowingly aids or participates in an offense provided in this article is criminally liable for the offense and will be subject to a fine or loss of business license in the State, or both.
(B) If the principal owners of a business entity are convicted of violating a section of this article, the court or Secretary of State, when appropriate, may:
(1) order its dissolution or reorganization;
(2) order the suspension or revocation of any license, permit, or prior approval granted to it by a state or local government agency; or
(3) order the surrender of its charter if it is organized under state law or the revocation of its certificate to conduct business in the State if it is not organized under state law.
Section 16-3-2040. (A) An offender convicted of a violation of this article must be ordered to pay mandatory restitution to the victim as provided in this section.
(B) If the victim of trafficking dies as a result of being trafficked, a surviving spouse of the victim is eligible for restitution. If no surviving spouse exists, restitution must be paid to the victim's issue or their descendants per stirpes. If no surviving spouse or issue or descendants exist, restitution must be paid to the victim's estate. A person named in this subsection may not receive funds from restitution if he benefited or engaged in conduct described in this article.
(C) If a person is unable to pay restitution at the time of sentencing, or at any other time, the court may set restitution pursuant to Section 16-3-1270.
(D) Restitution for this section, pursuant to Section 16-3-1270, means payment for all injuries, specific losses, and expenses sustained by a crime victim resulting from an offender's criminal conduct pursuant to Section 16-3-1110 (12)(a).
(E) Notwithstanding another provision of law, the applicable statute of limitations for a victim of trafficking in persons is pursuant to Section 16-3-1110 (12)(a).
(F) Restitution must be paid to the victim promptly upon the conviction of the defendant. The return of the victim to his home country or other absence of the victim from the jurisdiction does not prevent the victim from receiving restitution.
Section 16-3-2050. (A) The Attorney General shall establish an interagency task force to develop and implement a State Plan for the Prevention of Trafficking in Persons. The task force shall meet at least quarterly and should include all aspects of trafficking in persons, including sex trafficking and labor trafficking of both United States citizens and foreign nationals, as defined in Section 16-3-2010. The Attorney General also shall collect and publish relevant data to this section on their website.
(B) The task force shall consist of, at a minimum, representatives from:
(1) the Office of the Attorney General, who must be chair;
(2) the South Carolina Labor, Licensing and Regulation;
(3) the South Carolina Police Chiefs Association;
(4) the South Carolina Sheriffs' Association;
(5) the State Law Enforcement Division;
(6) the Department of Health and Environmental Control Board;
(7) the United States Department of Labor;
(8) the State Office of Victim Assistance;
(9) the South Carolina Commission on Prosecution Coordination;
(10) the Department of Social Services;
(11) a representative from the Governor's office;
(12) a representative from the Employment Security Commission; and
(13) two persons appointed by the Attorney General from nongovernmental organizations, especially those specializing in trafficking in persons, those representing diverse communities disproportionately affected by trafficking, agencies devoted to child services and runaway services, and academic researchers dedicated to the subject of trafficking in persons.
(C) The Attorney General shall invite representatives of the United States Attorneys' offices and of federal law enforcement agencies' offices within the State, including the Federal Bureau of Investigations and the United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement office, to be members of the task force.
(D) The task force shall carry out the following activities either directly or through one or more of its constituent agencies:
(1) develop the state plan within eighteen months of the effective date of this act;
(2) coordinate the implementation of the state plan; and
(3) starting one year after the formation after the task force, submit an annual report of its findings and recommendations to the Governor, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and the President of the Senate on or before December thirty-first of each calendar year.
(E) The task force shall consider carrying out the following activities either directly or through one or more of its constituent agencies:
(1) coordinate the collection and sharing of trafficking data among government agencies, which data collection must respect the privacy of victims of trafficking in persons;
(2) coordinate the sharing of information between agencies for the purposes of detecting criminal groups engaged in trafficking in persons;
(3) explore the establishment of state policies for time limits for the issuance of Law Enforcement Agency (LEA) endorsements as described in C.F.R. Chapter 8, Section 214.11(f)(1);
(4) establish policies to enable state government to work with nongovernmental organizations and other elements of civil society to prevent trafficking in persons and provide assistance to United States citizens and foreign national victims;
(5) review the existing services and facilities to meet trafficking victims' needs and recommend a system to coordinate services including, but not limited to, health services, including mental health, housing, education and job training, English as a second language classes, interpreting services, legal and immigration services, and victim compensation;
(6) evaluate various approaches used by state and local governments to increase public awareness of the trafficking in persons, including United States citizens and foreign national victims of trafficking in persons;
(7) mandatory training for law enforcement agencies, prosecutors, and other relevant officials in addressing trafficking in persons;
(8) collect and periodically publish statistical data on trafficking, that must be posted on the Attorney General's website;
(9) prepare public awareness programs designed to educate potential victims of trafficking in persons and their families on the risks of victimization. These public awareness programs must include, but are not limited to:
(a) information about the risks of becoming a victim, including information about common recruitment techniques, use of debt bondage, and other coercive tactics, risk of maltreatment, rape, exposure to HIV or AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases, and psychological harm related to victimization in trafficking cases;
(b) information about the risks of engaging in commercial sex and possible punishment;
(c) information about victims' rights in the State;
(d) methods for reporting suspected recruitment activities; and
(e) information on hotlines and available victims' services;
(10) preparation and dissemination of awareness materials to the general public to educate the public on the extent of trafficking in persons, both United States citizens and foreign nationals, within the United States and to discourage the demand that fosters the exploitation of persons that leads to trafficking in persons.
(a) The general public awareness materials may include information on the impact of trafficking on individual victims, whether United States citizens or foreign nationals, aggregate information on trafficking in persons worldwide and domestically, and warnings of the criminal consequences of engaging in trafficking in persons. These materials may include pamphlets, brochures, posters, advertisements in mass media, and other appropriate media. All materials must be designed to communicate to the target population.
(b) Materials described in this section may include information on the impact of trafficking in persons on individual victims. However, information on the experiences of individual victims must preserve the privacy of the victim and the victim's family.
(c) All public awareness programs must be evaluated periodically by the task force to ensure their effectiveness.
Section 16-3-2060. (A) A person who is a victim of trafficking in persons may bring a civil action in the court of common pleas. The court may award actual damages, compensatory damages, punitive damages, injunctive relief, and other appropriate relief. A prevailing plaintiff also must be awarded attorney's fees and costs. Treble damages must be awarded on proof of actual damages when the defendant's acts were wilful and malicious.
(B) Pursuant to Section 16-3-1110, the applicable statute of limitations for a crime victim who has a cause of action against an incarcerated offender is tolled and does not expire until three years after the offender's sentence is completed, including probation and parole, or three years after release from commitment pursuant to Chapter 48, Title 44, whichever is later. However, this provision does not shorten any other tolling period of the statute of limitations which may exist for the victim.
(C) The statute of limitations for the filing of a civil suit does not begin to run until a minor victim has reached the age of majority.
(D) If a victim entitled to sue is under a disability at the time the cause of action accrues, so that it is impossible or impractical for him to bring an action, then the time of the disability is not part of the time limited for the commencement of the action. Disability includes, but is not limited to, insanity, imprisonment, or other incapacity or incompetence.
(E) The running of the statute of limitations may be suspended when a victim could not have reasonably discovered the cause of action due to circumstances resulting from the trafficking situation, such as psychological trauma, cultural and linguistic isolation, and the inability to access services.
(F) A defendant is estopped to assert a defense of the statute of limitations when the expiration of the statute is due to conduct by the defendant inducing the victim to delay the filing of the action or placing the victim under duress.
Section 16-3-2070. (A) Victims of trafficking in persons pursuant to this article are considered victims for purposes of the Victims' Bill of Rights and are entitled to all appropriate forms of compensation available pursuant to the State Crime Victim's Compensation Fund in accordance with the provisions of Article 13, Chapter 3, Title 16. Victims of trafficking in persons pursuant to this article also are entitled to the rights provided in Article 15, Chapter 3, Title 16.
(B) In addition to the provisions of subsection (A), in a prosecution for violations of the criminal provisions of this article, the identity of the victim and the victim's family must be kept confidential by ensuring that names and identifying information of the victim and victim's family are not released to the public, including by the defendant.
(C) Pursuant to Section 16-3-1240, it is unlawful, except for purposes directly connected with the administration of the victim's compensation fund, for any person to solicit, disclose, receive, or make use of or authorize, knowingly permit, participate in or acquiesce in the use of any list, or names of, or information concerning persons applying for or receiving awards without the written consent of the applicant or recipient. The records, papers, files, and communications of the board, its panel and the director and his staff must be regarded as confidential information and privileged and not subject to disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act as contained in Chapter 3, Title 30.
Section 16-3-2080. (A) For purposes of this section:
(1) 'Domestic violence shelter' means a facility whose purpose is to serve as a shelter to receive and house persons who are victims of criminal domestic violence and that provides services as a shelter.
(2) 'Trafficking shelter' means a confidential location which provides emergency housing for victims of trafficking in persons.
(3) 'Grounds' means the real property of the parcel of land upon which a domestic violence or trafficking shelter or a domestic violence or trafficking shelter's administrative offices are located, whether fenced or unfenced.
(B) A person who maliciously or with criminal negligence publishes, disseminates, or otherwise discloses the location of a trafficking victim, a trafficking shelter, a domestic violence shelter, or another place designated as a trafficking shelter or domestic violence shelter, without the authorization of that trafficking victim, trafficking shelter, or domestic violence shelter, is guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, must be imprisoned not more than three years.
(C) It is unlawful for a person who has been charged with or convicted of a violation of Section 16-3-2020 to enter or remain upon the grounds or structure of a domestic violence or trafficking shelter in which the victim resides or the domestic violence shelter's administrative offices or the trafficking shelter's administrative offices.
(D) The domestic violence shelter and trafficking shelter must post signs at conspicuous places on the grounds of the domestic violence shelter, trafficking shelter, the domestic violence shelter's administrative offices, and the trafficking shelter's administrative offices which, at a minimum, must read substantially as follows: 'NO TRESPASSING - VIOLATORS WILL BE SUBJECT TO CRIMINAL PENALTIES'.
(E) This section does not apply if the person has legitimate business or any authorization, license, or invitation to enter or remain upon the grounds or structure of the domestic violence or trafficking shelter or the domestic violence or trafficking shelter's administrative offices.
(F) A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, must be fined not more than three thousand dollars or imprisoned for not more than three years, or both. If the person is in possession of a dangerous weapon at the time of the violation, the person is guilty of a felony and, upon conviction, must be fined not more than five thousand dollars or imprisoned for not more than five years, or both.
Section 16-3-2090. (A)(1) The following are subject to forfeiture:
(a) all monies used, or intended for use, in violation of Section 16-3-2020;
(b) all property constituting the proceeds obtained directly or indirectly, for a violation of Section 16-3-2020;
(c) all property derived from the proceeds obtained, directly or indirectly, from any sale or exchange for pecuniary gain from a violation of Section 16-3-2020;
(d) all property used or intended for use, in any manner or part, to commit or facilitate the commission of a violation for pecuniary gain of Section 16-3-2020;
(e) all books, records, and research products and materials, including formulas, microfilm, tapes, and data which are used, or which have been positioned for use, in violation of Section 16-3-2020;
(f) all conveyances including, but not limited to, trailers, aircraft, motor vehicles, and watergoing vessels, which are used or intended for use unlawfully to conceal or transport or facilitate a violation of Section 16-3-2020. No motor vehicle may be forfeited to the State under this item unless it is used, intended for use, or in any manner facilitates a violation of Section 16-3-2020;
(g) all property including, but not limited to, monies, negotiable instruments, securities, or other things of value furnished or intended to be furnished by any person in exchange for any kind of services under Section 16-3-2020, and all proceeds including, but not limited to, monies, and real and personal property traceable to any exchange under Section 16-3-2020; and
(h) overseas assets of persons convicted of trafficking in persons also are subject to forfeiture to the extent they can be retrieved by the government.
(2) Any property subject to forfeiture may be seized by the investigating agency having authority upon warrant issued by any court having jurisdiction over the property. Seizure without process may be made if the:
(a) seizure is incident to an arrest or a search under a search warrant or an inspection under an administrative inspection warrant;
(b) property subject to seizure has been the subject of a prior judgment in favor of the State in a criminal injunction or forfeiture proceeding based upon under Section 16-3-2020;
(c) the investigating agency has probable cause to believe that the property is directly or indirectly dangerous to health or safety; or
(d) the investigating agency has probable cause to believe that the property was used or is intended to be used in violation of Section 16-3-2020.
(3) In the event of seizure, proceedings under this section regarding forfeiture and disposition must be instituted within a reasonable time.
(4) Any property taken or detained under this section is not subject to replevin but is considered to be in the custody of the investigating agency making the seizure subject only to the orders of the court having jurisdiction over the forfeiture proceedings. Property is forfeited and transferred to the government at the moment of illegal use. Seizure and forfeiture proceedings confirm the transfer.
(5) For the purposes of this section, whenever the seizure of property subject to seizure is accomplished as a result of a joint effort by more than one law enforcement agency, the law enforcement agency initiating the investigation is considered to be the agency making the seizure.
(6) Law enforcement agencies seizing property pursuant to this section shall take reasonable steps to maintain the property. Equipment and conveyances seized must be removed to an appropriate place for storage. Monies seized must be deposited in an interest bearing account pending final disposition by the court unless the seizing agency determines the monies to be of an evidential nature and provides for security in another manner.
(7) When property and monies of any value as defined in this article or anything else of any value is seized, the law enforcement agency making the seizure, within ten days or a reasonable period of time after the seizure, shall submit a report to the appropriate prosecution agency.
(a) The report must provide the following information with respect to the property seized:
(i) description;
(ii) circumstances of seizure;
(iii) present custodian and where the property is being stored or its location;
(iv) name of owner;
(v) name of lienholder; and
(vi) seizing agency.
(b) If the property is a conveyance, the report shall include the:
(i) make, model, serial number, and year of the conveyance;
(ii) person in whose name the conveyance is registered; and
(iii) name of any lienholders.
(c) In addition to the report, the law enforcement agency shall prepare for dissemination to the public upon request a report providing the following information:
(i) a description of the quantity and nature of the property and money seized;
(ii) the seizing agency;
(iii) the make, model, and year of a conveyance; and
(iv) the law enforcement agency responsible for the property or conveyance seized.
(d) Property or conveyances seized by a law enforcement agency or department may not be used by officers for personal purposes.
(B)(1) Forfeiture of property must be accomplished by petition of the Attorney General or his designee or the circuit solicitor or his designee to the court of common pleas for the jurisdiction where the items were seized. The petition must be submitted to the court within a reasonable time period following seizure and shall provide the facts upon which the seizure was made. The petition shall describe the property and include the names of all owners of record and lienholders of record. The petition shall identify any other persons known to the petitioner to have interests in the property. Petitions for the forfeiture of conveyances also shall include the make, model, and year of the conveyance, the person in whose name the conveyance is registered, and the person who holds the title to the conveyance. A copy of the petition must be sent to each law enforcement agency which has notified the petitioner of its involvement in effecting the seizure. Notice of hearing or rule to show cause must be directed to all persons with interests in the property listed in the petition, including law enforcement agencies which have notified the petitioner of their involvement in effecting the seizure. Owners of record and lienholders of record may be served by certified mail, to the last known address as appears in the records of the governmental agency which records the title or lien.
(2) The judge shall determine whether the property is subject to forfeiture and order the forfeiture confirmed. The Attorney General or his designee or the circuit solicitor or his designee has the burden of proof to establish by a preponderance of the evidence that the property is subject to forfeiture. If the judge finds a forfeiture, he shall then determine the lienholder's interest as provided in this article. The judge shall determine whether any property must be returned to a law enforcement agency pursuant to this section.
(3) If there is a dispute as to the division of the proceeds of forfeited property among participating law enforcement agencies, this issue must be determined by the judge. The proceeds from a sale of property, conveyances, and equipment must be disposed of pursuant to this section.
(4) All property, conveyances, and equipment which will not be reduced to proceeds may be transferred to the law enforcement agency or agencies or to the prosecution agency. Upon agreement of the law enforcement agency or agencies and the prosecution agency, conveyances and equipment may be transferred to any other appropriate agency. Property transferred may not be used to supplant operating funds within the current or future budgets. If the property seized and forfeited is an aircraft or watercraft and is transferred to a state law enforcement agency or other state agency pursuant to the provisions of this subsection, its use and retainage by that agency is at the discretion and approval of the State Budget and Control Board.
(5) If a defendant or his attorney sends written notice to the petitioner or the seizing agency of his interest in the subject property, service may be made by mailing a copy of the petition to the address provided, and service may not be made by publication. In addition, service by publication may not be used for a person incarcerated in a Department of Corrections facility, a county detention facility, or other facility where inmates are housed for the county where the seizing agency is located. The seizing agency shall check the appropriate institutions after receiving an affidavit of nonservice before attempting service by publication.
(6) Any forfeiture may be effected by consent order approved by the court without filing or serving pleadings or notices provided that all owners and other persons with interests in the property, including participating law enforcement agencies, entitled to notice under this section, except lienholders and agencies, consent to the forfeiture. Disposition of the property may be accomplished by consent of the petitioner and those agencies involved. Persons entitled to notice under this section may consent to some issues and have the judge determine the remaining issues.
(7) Disposition of forfeited property under this section must be accomplished as follows:
(a) Property forfeited under this subsection shall first be applied to payment to the victim. The return of the victim to his home country or other absence of the victim from the jurisdiction shall not prevent the victim from receiving compensation.
(b) The victim and the South Carolina Victims' Compensation Fund shall each receive one-fourth, and law enforcement shall receive one-half of the value of the forfeited property.
(c) If no victim is named, or reasonable attempts to locate a named victim for forfeiture and forfeiture fails, then all funds shall revert to the South Carolina Victims' Compensation Fund and law enforcement to be divided equally.
(d) If federal law enforcement becomes involved in the investigation, they shall equitably split the share local law enforcement receives under this section, if they request or pursue any of the forfeiture. The equitable split must be pursuant to 21 U.S.C. Section 881(e)(1)(A) and (e)(3), 18 U.S.C. Section 981(e)(2), and 19 U.S.C. Section 1616a.
(C)(1) An innocent owner, manager, or owner of a licensed rental agency or any common carrier or carrier of goods for hire may apply to the court of common pleas for the return of any item seized. Notice of hearing or rule to show cause accompanied by copy of the application must be directed to all persons and agencies entitled to notice. If the judge denies the application, the hearing may proceed as a forfeiture hearing.
(2) The court may return any seized item to the owner if the owner demonstrates to the court by a preponderance of the evidence:
(a) in the case of an innocent owner, that the person or entity was not a consenting party to, or privy to, or did not have knowledge of, the use of the property which made it subject to seizure and forfeiture; or
(b) in the case of a manager or an owner of a licensed rental agency, a common carrier, or a carrier of goods for hire, that any agent, servant, or employee of the rental agency or of the common carrier or carrier of goods for hire was not a party to, or privy to, or did not have knowledge of, the use of the property which made it subject to seizure and forfeiture.
If the licensed rental agency demonstrates to the court that it has rented the seized property in the ordinary course of its business and that the tenant or tenants were not related within the third degree of kinship to the manager or owner, or any agents, servants, or employees of the rental agency, then it is presumed that the licensed rental agency was not a party to, or privy to, or did not have knowledge of, the use of the property which made it subject to seizure and forfeiture.
(3) The lien of an innocent person or other legal entity, recorded in public records, shall continue in force upon transfer of title of any forfeited item, and any transfer of title is subject to the lien, if the lienholder demonstrates to the court by a preponderance of the evidence that he was not a consenting party to, or privy to, or did not have knowledge of, the involvement of the property which made it subject to seizure and forfeiture.
(D) A person who uses property or a conveyance in a manner which would make the property or conveyance subject to forfeiture except for innocent owners, rental agencies, lienholders, and the like as provided for in this section, is guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, must be imprisoned for not less than thirty days nor more than one year, fined not more than five thousand dollars, or both. The penalties prescribed in this section are cumulative and must be construed to be in addition to any other penalty prescribed by another provision of this article."
SECTION 2. Section 16-3-930 of the 1976 Code is repealed.
SECTION 3. The repeal or amendment by this act of any law, whether temporary or permanent or civil or criminal, does not affect pending actions, rights, duties, or liabilities founded thereon, or alter, discharge, release or extinguish any penalty, forfeiture, or liability incurred under the repealed or amended law, unless the repealed or amended provision shall so expressly provide. After the effective date of this act, all laws repealed or amended by this act must be taken and treated as remaining in full force and effect for the purpose of sustaining any pending or vested right, civil action, special proceeding, criminal prosecution, or appeal existing as of the effective date of this act, and for the enforcement of rights, duties, penalties, forfeitures, and liabilities as they stood under the repealed or amended laws.
SECTION 4. If any section, subsection, paragraph, subparagraph, sentence, clause, phrase, or word of this act is for any reason held to be unconstitutional or invalid, such holding shall not affect the constitutionality or validity of the remaining portions of this act, the General Assembly hereby declaring that it would have passed this act, and each and every section, subsection, paragraph, subparagraph, sentence, clause, phrase, and word thereof, irrespective of the fact that any one or more other sections, subsections, paragraphs, subparagraphs, sentences, clauses, phrases, or words hereof may be declared to be unconstitutional, invalid, or otherwise ineffective.
SECTION 5. This act takes effect one hundred eighty days after approval by the Governor. /
Amend title to conform.
/s/Sen. C. Bradley Hutto /s/Rep. Bruce W. Bannister
/s/Sen. George E. Campsen III /s/Rep. J. Todd Rutherford
/s/Sen. Phillip W. Shoopman /s/Rep. F.G. Delleney, Jr.
On Part of the Senate. On Part of the House.
, and a message was sent to the House accordingly.
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that the Report of the Committee of Conference having been adopted by both Houses, and this Bill having been read three times in each House, it was ordered that the title thereof be changed to that of an Act and that it be enrolled for Ratification:
H. 3757 (Word version) -- Reps. Hardwick, Hearn, Mitchell, Long, Erickson, Brady, Butler Garrick, Funderburk, Munnerlyn, Knight, Dillard, Cobb-Hunter, Parks, Huggins, Allison, Tallon, Brannon, Atwater, Whipper, Patrick and J.R. Smith: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING ARTICLE 19 TO CHAPTER 3, TITLE 16 SO AS TO DEFINE NECESSARY TERMS, PROVIDE FOR CERTAIN HUMAN TRAFFICKING OFFENSES AND PROVIDE PENALTIES, TO PROVIDE FOR CRIMINAL LIABILITY OF BUSINESS ENTITIES, TO PROVIDE RESTITUTION FOR VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING OFFENSES, TO ESTABLISH AN INTERAGENCY TASK FORCE TO DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT A PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION OF TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS, TO REQUIRE THE COLLECTION AND DISSEMINATION OF DATA RELATED TO HUMAN TRAFFICKING BY THE STATE LAW ENFORCEMENT DIVISION (SLED), TO REQUIRE MANDATORY LAW ENFORCEMENT TRAINING ON HUMAN TRAFFICKING OFFENSES, TO PROVIDE FOR THE CREATION OF PUBLIC AWARENESS PROGRAMS REGARDING HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN THE STATE, TO ALLOW CIVIL ACTIONS BY VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING, TO PROVIDE THAT CERTAIN STANDARDS OF WORKING CONDITIONS APPLY WITHOUT REGARD TO IMMIGRATION STATUS, TO PROVIDE CERTAIN PROTECTIONS FOR VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING PURSUANT TO THE VICTIMS' BILL OF RIGHTS AND OTHER RELEVANT STATUTORY PROVISIONS, TO REQUIRE THE STATE TO DEVELOP PLANS FOR HOUSING AND COUNSELING, AMONG OTHER THINGS, OF VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING WITHIN ONE HUNDRED EIGHTY DAYS OF THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE ACT, TO PROVIDE FOR CERTAIN RIGHTS OF MINOR VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING, TO ESTABLISH HUMAN TRAFFICKING VICTIM-CASEWORKER PRIVILEGE, AND TO CREATE THE OFFENSE OF MALICIOUSLY OR WITH CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE PUBLISHING, DISSEMINATING, OR OTHERWISE DISCLOSING THE LOCATION OF A HUMAN TRAFFICKING VICTIM, A TRAFFICKING SHELTER, OR A DOMESTIC VIOLENCE SHELTER AND TO PROVIDE A PENALTY; AND TO REPEAL SECTION 16-3-930 RELATING TO TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS FOR FORCED LABOR OR SERVICES.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it has adopted the Report of the Committee of Conference on:
H. 4763 (Word version) -- Reps. Sandifer, King, Butler Garrick and Parks: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 32-7-50, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO PRENEED FUNERAL CONTRACT LICENSES, SO AS TO FURTHER PROVIDE FOR THE TERM OF THE LICENSE AND FOR THE USE OF LICENSE RENEWAL FEES; AND TO AMEND SECTION 32-7-100, AS AMENDED, RELATING TO UNLAWFUL VIOLATIONS OF LAW PERTAINING TO PRENEED FUNERAL CONTRACTS, SO AS TO FURTHER PROVIDE FOR THE PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS BASED ON THE AMOUNT OF MONEY OBTAINED OR SOUGHT TO BE OBTAINED WITH CERTAIN OFFENSES DECLARED TO BE MISDEMEANORS AND CERTAIN OFFENSES DECLARED TO BE FELONIES.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
H. 4763--REPORT OF THE
H. 4763 (Word version) -- Reps. Sandifer, King, Butler Garrick and Parks: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 32-7-50, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO PRENEED FUNERAL CONTRACT LICENSES, SO AS TO FURTHER PROVIDE FOR THE TERM OF THE LICENSE AND FOR THE USE OF LICENSE RENEWAL FEES; AND TO AMEND SECTION 32-7-100, AS AMENDED, RELATING TO UNLAWFUL VIOLATIONS OF LAW PERTAINING TO PRENEED FUNERAL CONTRACTS, SO AS TO FURTHER PROVIDE FOR THE PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS BASED ON THE AMOUNT OF MONEY OBTAINED OR SOUGHT TO BE OBTAINED WITH CERTAIN OFFENSES DECLARED TO BE MISDEMEANORS AND CERTAIN OFFENSES DECLARED TO BE FELONIES.
On motion of Senator CAMPBELL, with unanimous consent, the Report of the Committee of Conference was taken up for immediate consideration.
Senator CAMPBELL spoke on the report.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 38; Nays 4
AYES
Alexander Anderson Campbell
Campsen Cleary Coleman
Courson Cromer Elliott
Grooms Hayes Hutto
Jackson Knotts Land
Leatherman Leventis Lourie
Malloy Martin, Larry Martin, Shane
Massey Matthews McGill
Nicholson Peeler Pinckney
Rankin Reese Rose
Ryberg Scott Setzler
Sheheen Shoopman Thomas
Verdin Williams
Total--38
NAYS
Bright Bryant Davis
Fair
Total--4
On motion of Senator CAMPBELL, the Report of the Committee of Conference to H. 4763 was adopted as follows:
H. 4763--Conference Report
The General Assembly, Columbia, S.C., June 5, 2012
The Committee on Conference, to whom was referred:
H. 4763 (Word version) -- A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 32-7-50, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO PRENEED FUNERAL CONTRACT LICENSES, SO AS TO FURTHER PROVIDE FOR THE TERM OF THE LICENSE AND FOR THE USE OF LICENSE RENEWAL FEES; AND TO AMEND SECTION 32-7-100, AS AMENDED, RELATING TO UNLAWFUL VIOLATIONS OF LAW PERTAINING TO PRENEED FUNERAL CONTRACTS, SO AS TO FURTHER PROVIDE FOR THE PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS BASED ON THE AMOUNT OF MONEY OBTAINED OR SOUGHT TO BE OBTAINED WITH CERTAIN OFFENSES DECLARED TO BE MISDEMEANORS AND CERTAIN OFFENSES DECLARED TO BE FELONIES.
Beg leave to report that they have duly and carefully considered the same and recommend:
That the same do pass with the following amendments:
Amend the bill, as and if amended, by striking all after the enacting words and inserting:
/ SECTION 1. Section 32-7-10 of the 1976 Code is amended to read:
"Section 32-7-10. As used in this chapter, unless the context requires otherwise:
(1) 'Administrator' means the Administrator of the South Carolina Department of Consumer Affairs.
(2) 'At need' means after the beneficiary is deceased, and 'at preneed' means before the beneficiary is deceased.
(2)(3) 'Beneficiary' means the person who is to be the subject of the disposition, services, facilities, or merchandise described in a preneed funeral contract.
(3)(4) 'Common trust fund' means a trust in which the proceeds of more than one funeral contract may be held by the trustee.
(4)(5) 'Department' means the South Carolina Department of Consumer Affairs.
(5)(6) 'Financial institution' means a bank, trust company, or savings and loan association authorized by law to do business in this State.
(7) 'Funeral services' or 'funeral arrangements' means any of the following:
(a) engaging in providing shelter, care, and custody of the human dead;
(b) preparing the human dead by embalming or other methods for burial or other disposition; or
(c) engaging in the practice or performing any functions of funeral directing or embalming as presently recognized by persons engaged in these functions.
(6)(8) 'Preneed funeral contract' means a contract which has for its purpose the furnishing or performance of funeral services or the furnishing or delivery of personal property, merchandise, or services of any nature in connection with the final disposition of a dead human body to be furnished or delivered at a time determinable by the death of the person whose body is to be disposed of, but does not mean the furnishing of a cemetery lot, crypt, niche, mausoleum, grave marker, or monument.
(7)(9) 'Provider' means a funeral home licensed in this State which is the entity providing services and merchandise pursuant to a preneed funeral contract and is designated trustee of all funds.
(8)(10) 'Purchaser' means the person who is obligated to make payments under a preneed funeral contract.
(9)(11) 'Seller' means a licensed funeral director in this State who is directly employed by the provider.
(12) 'Trust account' means a federally insured account where the funds shall be paid to a provider only when the provider furnishes the financial institution with a certified certificate of death and a certified statement that the services have been performed and the merchandise has been delivered."
SECTION 2. Section 32-7-35 of the 1976 Code is amended to read:
"Section 32-7-35. (A) A preneed funeral contract may be transferred to another provider only upon the prior written request of the purchaser or the beneficiary of a deceased purchaser or pursuant to Section 32-7-45. The selling provider must be paid a fee equal to ten percent of the contract face amount. The selling provider also must be paid ten percent of the earnings in that portion of the final year before transfer.
(B) A preneed funeral contract, whether revocable or irrevocable, funded by an insurance policy may be transferred to another provider only upon the prior written request of the purchaser or the beneficiary of a deceased purchaser or pursuant to Section 32-7-45. The selling provider may not collect, charge, or receive a fee in connection with this transfer of a preneed funeral contract funded by an insurance policy. An irrevocable preneed funeral contract funded by an insurance policy may be transferred to another provider only upon the prior written request of the purchaser or the beneficiary of a deceased purchaser or pursuant to Section 32-7-45.
(C)(1) At preneed, a preneed funeral contract may be transferred only to a funeral home that is licensed to sell preneed funeral contracts. The receiving funeral home is not required to pay an additional service charge unless there are changes to the contract.
(2) At need, a preneed funeral contract may be transferred to any funeral home that is licensed by the Board of Funeral Directors."
SECTION 3. Section 32-7-50 of the 1976 Code is amended to read:
"Section 32-7-50. (A) Without first securing a license from the department, no one, except a financial institution, may accept or hold payments made on a preneed funeral contract.
(1) The State Board of Funeral Service must revoke the license of a funeral home or funeral director, or both, if the funeral home or funeral director: (a) accepts funds for a preneed funeral contract or other prepayment of funeral expenses without a license to sell preneed funeral contracts, or (b) is licensed to sell preneed funeral contracts and fails to deposit the funds collected in trust in a federally insured account as required by Section 32-7-20(H).
(2) Application for a license must be in writing, signed by the applicant, and verified on forms furnished by the department. Each An application must contain at least the following: the full name and address, both residence and place of business, of the applicant and every member, officer, and director of it if the applicant is a firm, partnership, association, or corporation. A license issued pursuant to the application is valid only at the address stated in the application for the applicant or at a new address approved by the department.
(3) If a licensee cancels the license and later applies for a new license, the department shall investigate the applicant's books, records, and accounts to determine if the applicant violated the provisions of this chapter during the time he did not have a license.
(B) Upon receipt of the application, a one-time payment of a two hundred fifty dollar license fee, and the deposit in an amount to be determined by the department of the security or proof of financial responsibility as the department may determine, the department shall issue a license unless it determines that the applicant has made false statements or representations in the application, is insolvent, has conducted his business in a fraudulent manner, is not authorized to transact business in this State, or if, in the judgment of the department, the applicant should be denied a license for some other good and sufficient reason.
(C) A person selling a preneed funeral contract shall collect from each purchaser a service charge and all fees collected must be remitted by the person collecting them to the department at least once each month.
(1) With the fees collected, the person also must provide the department with a listing of each contract sold. If the listing or fees collected are not sent to the department within sixty days of the last day of the month when the contract was sold, the department shall assess a civil penalty of ten dollars for each contract not reported to the department. The monies collected as civil penalties must be deposited in the Preneed Funeral Loss Reimbursement Fund. Upon its own initiative or upon complaint or information received, the department shall investigate a person's books, records, and accounts if the department has reason to believe that fees are collected and either not remitted or not timely remitted.
(2) The service charge for each contract may not exceed a total of thirty dollars, twenty-five dollars for the department to use in administering the provisions of this chapter and five dollars to be allocated to the Preneed Funeral Loss Reimbursement Fund.
(3) The department shall keep a record of each preneed funeral contract for which it receives a service charge.
(D) A license issued pursuant to this section expires on September thirtieth of each odd-numbered year unless otherwise revoked or canceled. A license must be renewed by filing a renewal application at least thirty days prior to expiration on forms prescribed by the department. A renewal application must be accompanied by a fee of two hundred dollars for the department to use in administering this chapter. The department shall deposit one hundred dollars of each renewal fee received into the Preneed Funeral Loss Reimbursement Fund. The department shall consider the factors in subsection (B) before issuing a license."
SECTION 4. Section 32-7-60(B) of the 1976 Code, as last amended by Act 70 of 2009, is further amended to read:
"(B) From the service charge for each preneed contract as required by Section 32-7-50(C), the department shall deposit into the fund that portion of the charge as established by the department. The department may suspend or resume deposits into the fund at any time and for any period to ensure that a sufficient amount is available to meet likely disbursements and to maintain an adequate reserve. The maximum amount of the service charge to be allocated to the Preneed Funeral Loss Reimbursement Fund as required by Section 32-7-50(C)(2) may not exceed the amount of five dollars for each preneed contract. The maximum amount of the fund is five hundred thousand dollars with a five percent adjustment compounded annually."
SECTION 5. Section 32-7-100 of the 1976 Code is amended to read:
"Section 32-7-100. (A) A person wilfully violating the provisions of this chapter is guilty of a:
(1) misdemeanor, if the value of money obtained or sought to be obtained is two thousand dollars or less and, upon conviction, the person must be fined not less than one thousand dollars or more than five thousand dollars, or imprisoned for not less than ten days or more than six months more than thirty days, or both.; In addition, this person may be prohibited from entering into further preneed funeral contracts if the department, in its discretion, finds that the offense is sufficiently grievous.
(2) felony, if the value of money obtained or sought to be obtained is more than two thousand dollars but less than ten thousand dollars, and, upon conviction, the person must be fined in the discretion of the court, or imprisoned for not more than five years, or both;
(3) felony, if the value of money obtained or sought to be obtained is ten thousand dollars or more, and, upon conviction, the person must be fined in the discretion of the court, or imprisoned for not more than ten years, or both.
(4) In addition, a person convicted of a misdemeanor or a felony pursuant to this section may be prohibited from entering into further preneed funeral contracts, if the department, in its discretion, finds that the offense is sufficiently grievous.
(B) The determination of the degree of an offense under subsection (A) must be measured by the total value of all money obtained or sought to be obtained by the unlawful conduct.
(B)(C)(1) Before the suspension, revocation, or other action by the department involving a license to sell preneed funeral contracts becomes final, a licensee is entitled to request a contested case hearing before the Administrative Law Court, in accordance with the Administrative Procedures Act.
(2) Other action by the department may include a warning notice of deficiency, additional education requirements concerning the provisions of this chapter, a fine, or a cease and desist order for violation of a provision in this chapter."
SECTION 6. The repeal or amendment by this act of any law, whether temporary or permanent or civil or criminal, does not affect pending actions, rights, duties, or liabilities founded thereon, or alter, discharge, release or extinguish any penalty, forfeiture, or liability incurred under the repealed or amended law, unless the repealed or amended provision shall so expressly provide. After the effective date of this act, all laws repealed or amended by this act must be taken and treated as remaining in full force and effect for the purpose of sustaining any pending or vested right, civil action, special proceeding, criminal prosecution, or appeal existing as of the effective date of this act, and for the enforcement of rights, duties, penalties, forfeitures, and liabilities as they stood under the repealed or amended laws.
SECTION 7. This act takes effect upon approval by the Governor. /
Amend title to conform.
/s/Sen. Paul G. Campbell, Jr. /s/Rep. William E. Sandifer III
/s/Sen. Kent M. Williams /s/Rep. Julia Ann Parks
/s/Sen. Chauncey K. Gregory /s/Rep. McLain R. Toole
On Part of the Senate. On Part of the House.
, and a message was sent to the House accordingly.
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that it has adopted the Report of the Committee of Conference on:
H. 4763 (Word version) -- Reps. Sandifer, King, Butler Garrick and Parks: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 32-7-50, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO PRENEED FUNERAL CONTRACT LICENSES, SO AS TO FURTHER PROVIDE FOR THE TERM OF THE LICENSE AND FOR THE USE OF LICENSE RENEWAL FEES; AND TO AMEND SECTION 32-7-100, AS AMENDED, RELATING TO UNLAWFUL VIOLATIONS OF LAW PERTAINING TO PRENEED FUNERAL CONTRACTS, SO AS TO FURTHER PROVIDE FOR THE PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS BASED ON THE AMOUNT OF MONEY OBTAINED OR SOUGHT TO BE OBTAINED WITH CERTAIN OFFENSES DECLARED TO BE MISDEMEANORS AND CERTAIN OFFENSES DECLARED TO BE FELONIES.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
Message from the House
Columbia, S.C., June 6, 2012
Mr. President and Senators:
The House respectfully informs your Honorable Body that the Report of the Committee of Conference having been adopted by both Houses, and this Bill having been read three times in each House, it was ordered that the title thereof be changed to that of an Act and that it be enrolled for Ratification:
H. 4763 (Word version) -- Reps. Sandifer, King, Butler Garrick and Parks: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 32-7-50, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO PRENEED FUNERAL CONTRACT LICENSES, SO AS TO FURTHER PROVIDE FOR THE TERM OF THE LICENSE AND FOR THE USE OF LICENSE RENEWAL FEES; AND TO AMEND SECTION 32-7-100, AS AMENDED, RELATING TO UNLAWFUL VIOLATIONS OF LAW PERTAINING TO PRENEED FUNERAL CONTRACTS, SO AS TO FURTHER PROVIDE FOR THE PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS BASED ON THE AMOUNT OF MONEY OBTAINED OR SOUGHT TO BE OBTAINED WITH CERTAIN OFFENSES DECLARED TO BE MISDEMEANORS AND CERTAIN OFFENSES DECLARED TO BE FELONIES.
Very respectfully,
Speaker of the House
RATIFICATION OF ACTS
Pursuant to an invitation the Honorable Speaker and House of Representatives appeared in the Senate Chamber on June 6, 2012, at 3:45 P.M. and the following Acts were ratified:
(R247, S. 512 (Word version)) -- Senator Grooms: AN ACT TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 50-11-36 SO AS TO PROHIBIT HUNTING MIGRATORY WATERFOWL ON LAKE MOULTRIE WITHIN TWO HUNDRED YARDS OF A DWELLING WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION AND TO PROVIDE A PENALTY FOR A VIOLATION.
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(R248, S. 788 (Word version)) -- Senator Verdin: AN ACT TO AMEND CHAPTER 21, TITLE 47, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE FARM ANIMAL AND RESEARCH FACILITIES PROTECTION ACT, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT THIS CHAPTER ALSO APPLIES TO "CROP OPERATIONS", TO DEFINE THE TERM "CROP OPERATION", TO PROVIDE ADDITIONAL LIABILITY EXEMPTIONS TO VETERINARIANS AND PEOPLE WHO HOLD A SUPERIOR INTEREST IN CERTAIN PROPERTY, TO PROVIDE FOR A CIVIL CAUSE OF ACTION FOR A PERSON THAT SUFFERS DAMAGES AS A RESULT OF VIOLATIONS OF THIS CHAPTER RELATING TO ANIMAL FACILITY OPERATIONS, TO PROVIDE THAT IT IS UNLAWFUL TO TAMPER OR INTERFERE WITH CROP OPERATIONS, AND FRAUDULENTLY GAIN ACCESS TO CROP OPERATIONS, TO PROVIDE FOR A CIVIL CAUSE OF ACTION AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES FOR CERTAIN VIOLATIONS RELATED TO CROP OPERATIONS, AND TO MAKE TECHNICAL CHANGES; AND BY ADDING SECTION 47-4-170 SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT CERTAIN INFORMATION PREPARED, OWNED, USED, SUBMITTED TO, IN POSSESSION OF, OR RETAINED BY THE STATE LIVESTOCK-POULTRY HEALTH COMMISSION OR THE STATE VETERINARIAN IS EXEMPT FROM DISCLOSURE.
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(R249, S. 836 (Word version)) -- Senators Grooms, Verdin, Knotts, Bright, Bryant, Courson, Campsen, McConnell, Cleary, Rose, Hayes, Shoopman, Massey, Campbell, Fair, Gregory, Cromer, L. Martin and Alexander: AN ACT TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING CHAPTER 10 TO TITLE 44 SO AS TO ENACT THE INTERSTATE HEALTHCARE COMPACT, TO PROVIDE THAT COMPACT MEMBERS MUST TAKE ACTION TO OBTAIN CONGRESSIONAL CONSENT TO THE COMPACT, TO PROVIDE THAT THE LEGISLATURE IS VESTED WITH THE RESPONSIBILITY TO REGULATE HEALTHCARE DELIVERED IN THEIR STATE, TO PROVIDE FOR HEALTHCARE FUNDING, TO ESTABLISH THE INTERSTATE ADVISORY HEALTH CARE COMMISSION AND TO PROVIDE ITS COMPOSITION, POWERS, DUTIES, AND AUTHORITY, TO PROVIDE THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE COMPACT, TO PROVIDE FOR AMENDING THE COMPACT, TO PROVIDE FOR THE MANNER OF WITHDRAWAL FROM THE COMPACT, TO PROVIDE THE PARTICIPATION OF SOUTH CAROLINA IN THE COMPACT DOES NOT INCLUDE THE ADMINISTRATION OF MEDICARE OR THE CHILDREN'S HEALTH INSURANCE PROGRAM ABSENT SPECIFIC AUTHORIZATIONS BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, AND TO PROVIDE NECESSARY DEFINITIONS.
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(R251, S. 1329 (Word version)) -- Senator Fair: AN ACT TO AMEND SECTION 24-21-10, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE APPOINTMENT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PROBATION, PAROLE AND PARDON SERVICES, AND THE MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF PROBATION, PAROLE AND PARDON SERVICES, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT THE MEMBER OF THE BOARD WHO IS APPOINTED ON AN AT-LARGE BASIS MUST BE SELECTED FROM ONE OF THE CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS AND AT LEAST ONE APPOINTEE SHALL POSSESS THE QUALIFICATIONS THAT THE AT-LARGE APPOINTEE FORMERLY MET.
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(R252, H. 3113 (Word version)) -- Reps. Clemmons and Viers: AN ACT TO AMEND SECTION 50-1-60, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE DIVISION OF THE STATE INTO SIX GAME ZONES, SO AS TO MOVE HORRY COUNTY FROM GAME ZONE 4 AND PLACE IT IN GAME ZONE 5.
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(R253, H. 4054 (Word version)) -- Rep. Sandifer: AN ACT TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 50-11-36 SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT IT IS UNLAWFUL TO HUNT MIGRATORY WATERFOWL ON LAKE KEOWEE WITHIN TWO HUNDRED YARDS OF A DWELLING, AND TO PROVIDE A PENALTY; BY ADDING SECTION 50-11-37 SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT IT IS UNLAWFUL TO HUNT MIGRATORY WATERFOWL ON BROADWAY LAKE WITHIN TWO HUNDRED YARDS OF A DWELLING WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION OF THE OWNER AND OCCUPANT, AND TO PROVIDE A PENALTY; AND BY ADDING SECTION 50-11-38 SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT IT IS UNLAWFUL TO HUNT MIGRATORY WATERFOWL ON LAKE MOULTRIE WITHIN TWO HUNDRED YARDS OF A DWELLING WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION OF THE OWNER AND OCCUPANT, AND TO PROVIDE A PENALTY.
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(R254, H. 4652 (Word version)) -- Reps. Sandifer, Harrell, Lucas, Bingham, Hardwick, Harrison, Owens, White, Allison, Atwater, Bales, Ballentine, Bannister, Barfield, Bedingfield, Bikas, Bowen, Brady, Brannon, Chumley, Clemmons, Cole, Corbin, Crawford, Crosby, Daning, Delleney, Edge, Erickson, Forrester, Frye, Gambrell, Hamilton, Hearn, Henderson, Herbkersman, Hiott, Hixon, Horne, Huggins, Limehouse, Loftis, Long, Lowe, McCoy, Merrill, D.C. Moss, V.S. Moss, Murphy, Nanney, Norman, Parker, Patrick, Pinson, Pitts, Pope, Putnam, Quinn, Ryan, Simrill, Skelton, G.M. Smith, G.R. Smith, J.R. Smith, Sottile, Southard, Spires, Stringer, Tallon, Taylor, Thayer, Tribble, Viers, Whitmire, Willis, Young, Battle, Hayes and Anthony: AN ACT TO AMEND SECTION 41-7-10, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO PUBLIC POLICY CONCERNING THE RIGHT TO WORK, SO AS TO CLARIFY ARCHAIC LANGUAGE IN THE POLICY; TO AMEND SECTION 41-7-80, RELATING TO PENALTIES FOR A VIOLATION OF RIGHT-TO-WORK LAWS, SO AS TO PROVIDE A RANGE FOR AN APPLICABLE FINE FROM ONE THOUSAND DOLLARS TO A MAXIMUM OF TEN THOUSAND DOLLARS; TO AMEND SECTION 41-7-90, RELATING TO COURT REMEDIES AVAILABLE TO A PERSON FOR A VIOLATION OF HIS RIGHT TO WORK, SO AS TO PERMIT TREBLE DAMAGES, REQUIRE A PERSON SEEKING THIS RELIEF TO CONTEMPORANEOUSLY PROVIDE THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, LICENSING AND REGULATION WITH THE BASIS FOR THE LAWSUIT, AND TO PROVIDE AN EXCEPTION; TO AMEND SECTION 41-7-100, RELATING TO CIVIL PENALTIES THE DEPARTMENT MAY ASSESS FOR A VIOLATION AND RELATED APPEALS, SO AS TO PROVIDE A CIVIL PENALTY MAY NOT EXCEED TEN THOUSAND DOLLARS; BY ADDING SECTION 41-7-110 SO AS TO PROVIDE AN EMPLOYER OR AN EMPLOYEE WITH PERMISSION MAY CONSPICUOUSLY POST CERTAIN NOTICE CONCERNING THE RIGHTS OF AN EMPLOYEE; AND BY ADDING SECTION 41-7-130 SO AS TO REQUIRE CERTAIN REPORTS TO BE FILED WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, LICENSING AND REGULATION.
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(R255, H. 4654 (Word version)) -- Reps. Hardwick, Harrell, Loftis, Sandifer, White, Harrison, Owens, Crosby, Anderson, Bingham, Sottile, Corbin, Chumley, Forrester, Hearn, Henderson, Lucas, D.C. Moss, V.S. Moss, Ott, Parker, Southard, Murphy, Clemmons, Hixon, Knight and Patrick: AN ACT TO AMEND SECTION 48-1-90, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO PROHIBITING THE DISCHARGE OF POLLUTANTS INTO THE ENVIRONMENT AND REMEDIES FOR VIOLATIONS, SO AS TO PROVIDE EXEMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS ON THESE EXEMPTIONS AND TO SPECIFY THAT NO PRIVATE CAUSE OF ACTION IS CREATED BY OR EXISTS UNDER THE POLLUTION CONTROL ACT; TO AMEND SECTION 48-1-130, RELATING TO FINAL ORDERS OF THE DEPARTMENT DISCONTINUING DISCHARGE OF POLLUTANTS, SO AS TO DELETE PROVISIONS RELATING TO REQUIRED PROCEDURES PRECEDING THE ISSUANCE OF A FINAL ORDER, TO PROVIDE THAT AN ORDER IS SUBJECT TO REVIEW PURSUANT TO THE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES ACT, AND TO PROVIDE THIS SECTION DOES NOT ABROGATE ANY EMERGENCY POWER OF THE DEPARTMENT; TO AMEND SECTION 48-1-250, RELATING TO WHOM BENEFITS FROM CAUSES OF ACTION RESULTING FROM POLLUTION VIOLATIONS INURE, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT NO PRIVATE CAUSE OF ACTION IS CREATED BY OR EXISTS UNDER THE POLLUTION CONTROL ACT, AND TO MAKE THESE PROVISIONS RETROACTIVE AND EXTINGUISH ANY RIGHT, CLAIM, OR CAUSE OF ACTION ARISING UNDER OR RELATED TO THE POLLUTION CONTROL ACT, SUBJECT TO EXCEPTIONS FOR THE STATE AND ITS SUBDIVISIONS; TO CREATE THE "ISOLATED WETLANDS AND CAROLINA BAYS TASK FORCE" TO REVIEW, STUDY, AND MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING ISSUES RELATED TO ISOLATED WETLANDS AND CAROLINA BAYS IN SOUTH CAROLINA, TO PROVIDE FOR THE OBLIGATIONS OF THE TASK FORCE, AMONG OTHER THINGS; AND TO PROVIDE THE TERM "PERMIT" AS USED IN THE POLLUTION CONTROL ACT IS INCLUSIVE AND TO SPECIFY ITS INTENDED MEANING.
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(R256, H. 4687 (Word version)) -- Reps. King, Parks, Butler Garrick, J.E. Smith and Lucas: AN ACT TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 44-63-74 SO AS TO REQUIRE DEATH CERTIFICATES TO BE ELECTRONICALLY FILED WITH THE BUREAU OF VITAL STATISTICS, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL, AND ELECTRONICALLY TRANSMITTED BETWEEN THE FUNERAL HOME AND THE PHYSICIAN, CORONER, OR MEDICAL EXAMINER, CERTIFYING THE CAUSE OF DEATH, TO DOCUMENT DEATH CERTIFICATE INFORMATION AND TO PROVIDE EXEMPTIONS; AND TO PROVIDE THAT REQUIRED SIGNATURES MUST BE PROVIDED ELECTRONICALLY AND TO DEFINE "ELECTRONIC SIGNATURE".
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(R257, H. 4758 (Word version)) -- Reps. Johnson, Brantley, Sabb, Govan, Brannon, Munnerlyn, Anthony, Edge, Pope, Simrill, Whipper and Weeks: AN ACT TO AMEND SECTION 14-7-110 AND SECTION 14-7-140, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO JURY COMMISSIONERS FOR THE PURPOSE OF THE SUMMONING OF JURORS IN CIRCUIT COURT AND THE USE OF A COMPUTER FOR THE DRAWING AND SUMMONING OF JURORS IN CIRCUIT COURT, RESPECTIVELY, BOTH SO AS TO DELETE REFERENCES TO JURY COMMISSIONERS AND ALLOW THE CLERK OF COURT OR THE DEPUTY CLERK TO PERFORM THE FUNCTION OF DRAWING AND SUMMONING JURORS.
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(R258, H. 4821 (Word version)) -- Reps. G.M. Smith, Pitts, Murphy, Horne, Hearn, McCoy, Stavrinakis, Bannister and Harrison: AN ACT TO AMEND SECTION 8-21-310, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO COURT FEES AND COSTS, SO AS TO PROVIDE FOR THE FILING OF COURT DOCUMENTS BY ELECTRONIC MEANS FROM AN INTEGRATED ELECTRONIC FILING (E-FILING) SYSTEM AND TO PROVIDE THAT FEES GENERATED FROM E-FILING ARE TO BE USED IN SUPPORT OF COURT TECHNOLOGY.
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(R259, H. 4887 (Word version)) -- Rep. Johnson: AN ACT TO AMEND SECTION 7-27-275, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE CLARENDON COUNTY ELECTION COMMISSION AND THE CLARENDON COUNTY BOARD OF REGISTRATION, SO AS TO COMBINE THE CLARENDON COUNTY ELECTION COMMISSION AND THE CLARENDON COUNTY BOARD OF REGISTRATION INTO A SINGLE ENTITY.
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(R260, H. 5287 (Word version)) -- Reps. Pope, Delleney, King, Long, D.C. Moss, V.S. Moss, Norman and Simrill: AN ACT TO AMEND SECTION 22-2-190, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO COUNTY JURY AREAS, SO AS TO PROVIDE FOR JURY AREAS IN RICHLAND COUNTY AND TO PROVIDE FOR ONE JURY AREA COUNTYWIDE FOR THE RICHLAND COUNTY MAGISTRATES CENTRALIZED COURT AND TO PROVIDE FOR JURY AREAS IN YORK COUNTY AND TO PROVIDE FOR ONE JURY AREA COUNTYWIDE FOR THE YORK COUNTY CENTRALIZED DUI COURT.
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THE SENATE PROCEEDED TO A CONSIDERATION OF BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS RETURNED FROM THE HOUSE.
HOUSE AMENDMENTS AMENDED
RETURNED TO THE HOUSE
S. 947 (Word version) -- Senators Malloy and Williams: A BILL TO PROVIDE FOR AN ADVISORY REFERENDUM TO BE HELD AT THE SAME TIME AS THE 2012 GENERAL ELECTION TO DETERMINE WHETHER OR NOT THE QUALIFIED ELECTORS OF MARLBORO COUNTY FAVOR CREATING A STATE AUTHORITY TO MANAGE AND OPERATE LAKE PAUL A. WALLACE TO BE FUNDED BY THE SALE OF WATER FROM THE LAKE TO THE CITY OF BENNETTSVILLE OR OTHER USERS AND BY LOCAL PROPERTY TAX REVENUE, FEES CHARGED FOR THE USE OF THE LAKE AND OTHER FUNDING SOURCES TO OPERATE THE FACILITY FOR THE PUBLIC PURPOSE FOR WHICH IT WAS CREATED, WITH THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA RETAINING OWNERSHIP OF THE LAKE.
The House returned the Bill with amendments.
Senator MALLOY asked unanimous consent to take the Bill up for immediate consideration.
There was no objection.
The Senate proceeded to a consideration of the Bill, the question being concurrence in the House amendments.
Senator MALLOY explained the House amendments.
Amendment No. 1
Senator MALLOY proposed the following amendment (SWB\5349CM12), which was adopted:
Amend the bill, as and if amended, by striking all after the enacting words and inserting:
/ SECTION 1. Title 49 of the 1976 Code is amended by adding:
"CHAPTER 33
Lake Paul A. Wallace Authority
Section 49-33-10. As used in this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:
(1) 'Authority' means the Lake Paul A. Wallace Authority, a body corporate and politic created to receive, manage, maintain, and operate the property known as Lake Paul A. Wallace located in Marlboro County;
(2) 'Department' means the Department of Natural Resources; and
(3) 'Lake' means Lake Paul A. Wallace.
Section 49-33-20. (A) There is hereby created a body corporate and politic to be known as the Lake Paul A. Wallace Authority.
(B) The function of the authority is to:
(1) be the body politic and corporate to manage, maintain, and operate the Lake Paul A. Wallace;
(2) ensure that the primary purpose of the lake is for public fishing and recreation in compliance with the federal law under which the lake was established; and
(3) provide that the wildlife habitat remain a protected area as long as this function does not contravene with the provisions contained in item (1) of this subsection.
Section 49-33-30. (A) The authority shall be composed of seven members appointed by the Marlboro County Legislative Delegation, as follows:
(1) two members nominated by the city council of Bennettsville;
(2) two members nominated by the county council of Marlboro County; and
(3) three members at-large who reside near or have a demonstrable history of recreational use of Lake Paul A. Wallace.
(B) The members shall serve for terms of four years, except that of the members first appointed, one nominated by city council, one nominated by county council, and one at-large member will serve for terms of two years for their initial appointment.
(C) One of the at-large members must be designated by the Marlboro County Legislative Delegation to serve as the chairman of the authority.
(D) A vacancy must be filled in the same manner as the appointment for the vacant position is made, and the successor appointed to fill the vacancy shall hold office for the remainder of the unexpired term.
(E) The following shall serve ex officio as a non-voting member: the Director of the Department of Natural Resources or his designee.
Section 49-33-40. (A) The members of the authority, at the discretion of the city, county, or authority may receive such per diem and mileage as is provided by law for members of boards, commissions, and committees.
(B) The city council of Bennettsville, the county council of Marlboro, and the authority may provide the per diem, mileage, and staff for the authority.
Section 49-33-50. The authority shall convene upon the call of the chairman and organize by electing a vice-chairman, a secretary, and a treasurer, whose terms of office shall be for such period as the authority shall determine in its bylaws.
Section 49-33-60. The secretary of the authority shall file in the offices of the clerk of court for Marlboro County and the Secretary of State appropriate certificates, showing the personnel of the authority and the duration of the terms of the respective members.
Section 49-33-70. The authority has the following powers to:
(1) have perpetual succession;
(2) sue and be sued;
(3) adopt, use, and alter a corporate seal;
(4) define a quorum for its meetings;
(5) maintain a principal office, which shall be located in Bennettsville;
(6) make bylaws for the management and regulation of its affairs;
(7) acquire, hold, and manage real estate;
(8) make contracts of all sorts and to execute all instruments necessary or convenient for the carrying on of the business of the authority; and
(9) do all other acts and things necessary or convenient to carry out any function or power committed or granted to the authority.
Section 49-33-80. The authority is empowered to receive and spend any funding available through (1) the department, (2) the municipal, county, state, or federal government, or (3) any other source in order to finance the management, maintenance, and operation of the lake that is in compliance with federal and state law."
SECTION 2. If any section, subsection, paragraph, subparagraph, sentence, clause, phrase, or word of this act is for any reason held to be unconstitutional or invalid, such holding shall not affect the constitutionality or validity of the remaining portions of this act, the General Assembly hereby declaring that it would have passed this chapter, and each and every section, subsection, paragraph, subparagraph, sentence, clause, phrase, and word thereof, irrespective of the fact that any one or more other sections, subsections, paragraphs, subparagraphs, sentences, clauses, phrases, or words hereof may be declared to be unconstitutional, invalid, or otherwise ineffective.
SECTION 3. This act shall take effect July 1, 2012. /
Renumber sections to conform.
Amend title to conform.
Senator MALLOY explained the amendment.
The question then was the adoption of the amendment.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 37; Nays 0
AYES
Anderson Bright Bryant
Campbell Campsen Cleary
Courson Cromer Davis
Fair Ford Grooms
Hayes Hutto Jackson
Knotts Land Leatherman
Leventis Lourie Malloy
Martin, Larry Massey Matthews
McGill Nicholson O'Dell
Peeler Rankin Reese
Rose Scott Sheheen
Shoopman Thomas Verdin
Williams
Total--37
NAYS
Total--0
Statement by Senator ALEXANDER
Having been out of the Chamber because I was chairing the Conference Committee on retirement at the time the vote was taken, I would have voted in favor the adoption of the amendment to S. 947.
The Bill was ordered returned to the House of Representatives with amendments.
CONCURRENCE
S. 1220 (Word version) -- Senators Campbell, Hayes and Ford: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 48-2-50, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO FEES IMPOSED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL FOR CERTAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS, INCLUDING THE SURFACE WATER WITHDRAWAL PROGRAM, WHICH ARE DEPOSITED INTO THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION FUND FOR ADMINISTRATION OF THESE PROGRAMS, SO AS TO ENUMERATE THE FEES FOR SURFACE WATER WITHDRAWAL APPLICATIONS AND PERMITS THAT WOULD OTHERWISE HAVE BEEN REPEALED JANUARY 1, 2013; BY ADDING SECTION 49-4-175 SO AS TO REIMPOSE THE FEES THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL MAY CHARGE FOR SURFACE WATER WITHDRAWAL AND APPLICATIONS AND PERMITS AND TO PROVIDE THAT THE DEPARTMENT SHALL RETAIN THESE FEES TO IMPLEMENT AND OPERATE THE SURFACE WATER WITHDRAWAL PROGRAM; AND TO AMEND ACT 247 OF 2010, BY REPEALING PROVISIONS THAT PROSPECTIVELY REPEAL THE IMPOSITION OF SURFACE WATER WITHDRAWAL PERMIT FEES.
The House returned the Bill with amendments.
Senator HAYES asked unanimous consent to take the Bill up for immediate consideration.
There was no objection.
The question then was concurrence with the House amendments.
Senator HAYES explained the amendments.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 39; Nays 0
AYES
Alexander Anderson Bright
Bryant Campbell Campsen
Cleary Coleman Cromer
Davis Elliott Fair
Ford Gregory Grooms
Hayes Hutto Knotts
Land Leatherman Leventis
Malloy Martin, Larry Martin, Shane
Massey McGill O'Dell
Peeler Rankin Reese
Rose Ryberg Scott
Setzler Sheheen Shoopman
Thomas Verdin Williams
Total--39
NAYS
Total--0
The Senate concurred in the House amendments and a message was sent to the House accordingly. Ordered that the title be changed to that of an Act and the Act enrolled for Ratification.
CONCURRENCE
S. 1055 (Word version) -- Senators McConnell and Ford: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 14-27-20, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE COMPOSITION OF THE JUDICIAL COUNCIL, SO AS TO PROVIDE FOR TWO ADDITIONAL MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL, THE CHIEF JUDGE OF THE SOUTH CAROLINA COURT OF APPEALS, AND A PERSON RECOMMENDED BY THE CHARLESTON SCHOOL OF LAW, TO CHANGE THE PERSON SERVING FROM THE SOUTH CAROLINA BAR FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE SOUTH CAROLINA BAR TO ONE PERSON RECOMMENDED BY THE SOUTH CAROLINA BAR, AND TO ADD AS A MEMBER, A MUNICIPAL COURT JUDGE IN LIEU OF ONE OF THE TWO MAGISTRATE COURT JUDGES; TO AMEND SECTION 14-27-30 RELATING TO THE CHIEF JUSTICE APPOINTING A PERSON RECOMMENDED BY THE CHARLESTON SCHOOL OF LAW AND APPOINTING THE SUMMARY COURT JUDGES; AND TO AMEND SECTION 14-27-40 RELATING TO THE TERMS OF SERVICE, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT THE CHIEF JUDGE SERVES DURING THE TERM OF HIS OFFICE, AND THE PERSON RECOMMENDED BY THE CHARLESTON SCHOOL OF LAW SERVES FOR A FOUR YEAR TERM.
The House returned the Bill with amendments.
Senator CAMPSEN asked unanimous consent to take the Bill up for immediate consideration.
There was no objection.
The question then was concurrence with the House amendments.
Senator CAMPSEN explained the amendments.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 40; Nays 0
AYES
Alexander Anderson Bright
Bryant Campbell Campsen
Cleary Coleman Courson
Cromer Davis Elliott
Fair Ford Gregory
Grooms Hayes Hutto
Jackson Knotts Land
Leatherman Leventis Lourie
Malloy Martin, Larry Martin, Shane
Massey Matthews McGill
O'Dell Peeler Rankin
Rose Scott Setzler
Shoopman Thomas Verdin
Williams
Total--40
NAYS
Total--0
The Senate concurred in the House amendments and a message was sent to the House accordingly. Ordered that the title be changed to that of an Act and the Act enrolled for Ratification.
CONCURRENCE
S. 1417 (Word version) -- Senator Land: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING ARTICLE 108 TO CHAPTER 3, TITLE 56 SO AS TO PROVIDE FOR THE ISSUANCE OF "SOUTH CAROLINA TENNIS PATRONS FOUNDATION" SPECIAL LICENSE PLATES.
The House returned the Bill with amendments.
Senator LAND asked unanimous consent to take the Bill up for immediate consideration.
There was no objection.
The question then was concurrence with the House amendments.
Senator LAND explained the amendments.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 38; Nays 2
AYES
Alexander Anderson Bright
Bryant Campbell Campsen
Cleary Coleman Courson
Davis Elliott Fair
Ford Gregory Grooms
Hayes Hutto Jackson
Knotts Land Lourie
Malloy Martin, Larry Martin, Shane
Massey Matthews Nicholson
Peeler Pinckney Rankin
Reese Rose Scott
Setzler Shoopman Thomas
Verdin Williams
Total--38
NAYS
Leventis Sheheen
Total--2
The Senate concurred in the House amendments and a message was sent to the House accordingly. Ordered that the title be changed to that of an Act and the Act enrolled for Ratification.
CONCURRENCE
S. 1087 (Word version) -- Senators Jackson, Cromer, Grooms, Ford, Scott, Elliott, Setzler, Land, Pinckney, Anderson, Ryberg, Matthews, Rankin and Verdin: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 50-9-730, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES' ABILITY TO DESIGNATE "FREE FISHING DAYS" AND SANCTION FISHING EVENTS EXEMPT FROM FISHING LICENSE REQUIREMENTS, SO AS TO DELETE THE PROVISION THAT ALLOWS THE DEPARTMENT TO DESIGNATE "FREE FISHING DAYS", TO DESIGNATE JULY FOURTH AND MEMORIAL DAY AS DAYS WHEN A RESIDENT IS NOT REQUIRED TO POSSESS A LICENSE OR PERMIT FOR FRESHWATER RECREATIONAL FISHING, TO LIMIT DEPARTMENT-SANCTIONED EVENTS THAT ARE EXEMPT FROM FISHING LICENSE REQUIREMENTS TO FRESHWATER EVENTS, AND TO EXEMPT CERTAIN COMMERCIAL FISHERMEN FROM THE PROVISIONS CONTAINED IN THIS SECTION.
The House returned the Bill with amendments.
Senator JACKSON asked unanimous consent to take the Bill up for immediate consideration.
There was no objection.
The question then was concurrence with the House amendments.
Senator JACKSON explained the amendments.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 39; Nays 0
AYES
Alexander Anderson Bright
Bryant Campbell Campsen
Cleary Coleman Courson
Cromer Davis Fair
Ford Gregory Grooms
Hayes Hutto Jackson
Knotts Land Leventis
Lourie Malloy Martin, Larry
Martin, Shane Massey Matthews
Nicholson Peeler Pinckney
Rankin Reese Rose
Setzler Sheheen Shoopman
Thomas Verdin Williams
Total--39
NAYS
Total--0
The Senate concurred in the House amendments and a message was sent to the House accordingly. Ordered that the title be changed to that of an Act and the Act enrolled for Ratification.
CONCURRENCE
S. 1354 (Word version) -- Senators Bryant, Thomas, Ford and L. Martin: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 35-1-604 OF THE 1976 CODE, RELATING TO SECURITIES VIOLATIONS, TO REQUIRE ALL CEASE AND DESIST ORDERS ISSUED BY THE SECURITIES COMMISSIONER TO BE PUBLIC DOCUMENTS AND TO REQUIRE PUBLICATION ON THE ATTORNEY GENERAL'S WEBSITE.
The House returned the Bill with amendments.
Senator BRYANT asked unanimous consent to take the Bill up for immediate consideration.
There was no objection.
The question then was concurrence with the House amendments.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 40; Nays 0
AYES
Alexander Anderson Bright
Bryant Campbell Campsen
Cleary Coleman Courson
Cromer Davis Elliott
Fair Ford Gregory
Grooms Hayes Hutto
Knotts Land Lourie
Malloy Martin, Larry Martin, Shane
Massey Matthews McGill
Nicholson Peeler Pinckney
Rankin Reese Rose
Scott Setzler Sheheen
Shoopman Thomas Verdin
Williams
Total--40
NAYS
Total--0
The Senate concurred in the House amendments and a message was sent to the House accordingly. Ordered that the title be changed to that of an Act and the Act enrolled for Ratification.
CARRIED OVER
S. 1299 (Word version) -- Senators Cleary, McGill and Ford: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 54-15-20 OF THE 1976 CODE, RELATING TO THE MEMBERSHIP OF THE SOUTH CAROLINA COMMISSIONERS OF PILOTAGE FOR THE UPPER COASTAL AREA, TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF MEMBERS ON THE COMMISSION FROM SIX TO EIGHT.
On motion of Senator PEELER, the Bill was carried over.
CARRIED OVER
S. 1125 (Word version) -- Senators Bright, Bryant, S. Martin, Thomas, Gregory, Knotts, Campbell, Rose, Cromer, Fair, Campsen, Grooms, Peeler and Shoopman: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 41-35-120 OF THE 1976 CODE, RELATING TO DISQUALIFICATION FOR UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS, TO PROVIDE THAT A PERSON DISCHARGED FROM EMPLOYMENT FOR CAUSE IS INELIGIBLE FOR BENEFITS FOR TWENTY WEEKS BEGINNING WITH THE DATE THE PERSON FILED A BENEFITS REQUEST.
The House returned the Bill with amendments.
Senator PEELER moved to carry over the Bill.
Senator SCOTT moved to table the motion to carry over the Bill.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 19; Nays 23
AYES
Anderson Bright Coleman
Elliott Hutto Jackson
Knotts Land Leventis
Lourie Malloy Matthews
McGill Nicholson Pinckney
Scott Setzler Sheheen
Williams
Total--19
NAYS
Alexander Bryant Campbell
Campsen Cleary Courson
Cromer Davis Fair
Grooms Hayes Leatherman
Martin, Larry Martin, Shane Massey
Peeler Rankin Reese
Rose Ryberg Shoopman
Thomas Verdin
Total--23
The Senate refused to table the motion to carry over. The question then was the motion to carry over the Bill.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 23; Nays 18
AYES
Alexander Bryant Campbell
Campsen Cleary Coleman
Courson Cromer Davis
Elliott Gregory Grooms
Hayes Knotts Martin, Shane
Massey Peeler Rankin
Rose Ryberg Shoopman
Thomas Verdin
Total--23
NAYS
Anderson Bright Hutto
Jackson Land Leventis
Lourie Malloy Martin, Larry
Matthews McGill Nicholson
Pinckney Reese Scott
Setzler Sheheen Williams
Total--18
The Bill was carried over.
Expression of Personal Interest
Senator SCOTT rose for an Expression of Personal Interest.
NONCONCURENCE
S. 1137 (Word version) -- Senator Shoopman: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTIONS 40-3-325 AND 40-22-295 SO AS TO ENACT THE "ARCHITECTS' AND ENGINEERS' VOLUNTEER ACT" WHICH PROVIDES IMMUNITY FOR A REGISTERED ARCHITECT OR ENGINEER WHO PROVIDES CERTAIN ARCHITECTURAL OR ENGINEERING SERVICES AT THE SCENE OF A DECLARED EMERGENCY.
The House returned the Bill with amendments.
Amendment No. 1
Senator MATTHEWS proposed the following amendment (NBD\12665AC12), which was withdrawn:
Amend the bill, as and if amended, Section 40-22-295(B)(2), page 2, line 16 by deleting / not /.
Renumber sections to conform.
Amend title to conform.
Senator HUTTO spoke on the amendment.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator SHANE MARTIN asked unanimous consent to make a motion that the Senate recede from business not to exceed ten minutes.
Senator KNOTTS objected.
Senator HUTTO resumed speaking on the amendment.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator LAND asked unanimous consent to make a motion that the Senate recede from business not to exceed ten minutes.
Senator SHANE MARTIN objected.
Point of Quorum
At 4:24 P.M., Senator BRIGHT made the point that a quorum was not present. It was ascertained that a quorum was not present.
Call of the Senate
Senator BRIGHT moved that a Call of the Senate be made. The following Senators answered the Call:
Alexander Anderson Bright
Bryant Campbell Campsen
Cleary Coleman Cromer
Davis Fair Ford
Gregory Grooms Hayes
Hutto Jackson Knotts
Land Leatherman Leventis
Lourie Malloy Martin, Larry
Martin, Shane Massey Matthews
McGill Nicholson Peeler
Rankin Reese Rose
Ryberg Scott Setzler
Sheheen Shoopman Thomas
Verdin Williams
A quorum being present, the Senate resumed.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator LAND asked unanimous consent to make a motion to take up for immediate consideration H. 3508 (Word version).
Senator THOMAS objected.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator RANKIN asked unanimous consent to make a motion to take up for immediate consideration H. 3508.
Senator BRIGHT objected.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator LOURIE asked unanimous consent to make a motion to take up for immediate consideration H. 3342 (Word version).
Senator THOMAS objected.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator RYBERG asked unanimous consent to make a motion to take up for immediate consideration H. 4802 (Word version).
Senator BRYANT objected.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator MASSEY asked unanimous consent to make a motion to take up for immediate consideration H. 3912 (Word version).
Senator KNOTTS objected.
Senator HUTTO resumed speaking on the amendment.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator CAMPSEN asked unanimous consent to make a motion to take up for immediate consideration H. 5150 (Word version).
Senator KNOTTS objected.
Motion Under Rule 15A Failed
At 6:01 P.M., Senator GROOMS moved under the provisions of Rule 15A to vote on the entire matter of S.1137 (Word version).
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 19; Nays 24
AYES
Alexander Bright Bryant
Campbell Campsen Cleary
Courson Cromer Davis
Fair Gregory Grooms
Martin, Shane Massey Peeler
Rose Ryberg Thomas
Verdin
Total--19
NAYS
Anderson Coleman Elliott
Ford Hayes Hutto
Jackson Knotts Land
Leventis Lourie Malloy
Martin, Larry Matthews McGill
Nicholson Pinckney Rankin
Reese Scott Setzler
Sheheen Shoopman Williams
Total--24
Having failed to receive the necessary vote, the motion under Rule 15A failed.
Senator HUTTO resumed speaking on the amendment.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator LOURIE asked unanimous consent to make a motion to take up for immediate consideration H. 3342 (Word version).
Senator KNOTTS objected.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator LARRY MARTIN asked unanimous consent to make a motion to take up for immediate consideration H. 4494 (Word version).
Senator ANDERSON objected.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator RYBERG asked unanimous consent to make a motion to take up for immediate consideration H. 4802 (Word version) on a contested basis.
Senator BRIGHT objected.
Senator HUTTO resumed speaking on the amendment.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator RYBERG asked unanimous consent to make a motion to recede for ten minutes.
Senator KNOTTS objected.
Senator HUTTO resumed speaking on the amendment.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator MASSEY asked unanimous consent to make a motion that the portion of the Calendar pertaining to the Second Reading Bills not be printed in the Calendar for tomorrow.
Senator ANDERSON objected.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator GROOMS asked unanimous consent to make a motion to recommit all the Bills on the Second Reading Calendar.
Senator LOURIE objected.
Senator HUTTO resumed speaking on the amendment.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator LOURIE asked unanimous consent to make a motion that all the Bills on the Uncontested Second Reading Calendar be given a second reading.
There was an objection.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator LOURIE asked unanimous consent to make a motion that the Senate take up H. 3342 (Word version) for immediate consideration.
There was an objection.
Objection
At 6:49 P.M., with Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator SCOTT asked unanimous consent to make a motion that the Senate stand in recess for 15 minutes.
Senator FORD objected.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator HUTTO asked unanimous consent to make a motion that all the Bills on the Uncontested Second Reading Calendar be given a second reading.
Senator SCOTT objected.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator THOMAS asked unanimous consent to make a motion that all the Bills on the Uncontested Second Reading Calendar be taken up for immediate consideration.
Senator SCOTT objected.
Senator HUTTO resumed speaking on the amendment.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator VERDIN asked unanimous consent to make a motion to take up H. 4721 (Word version) for immediate consideration.
Senator CLEARY objected.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator HAYES asked unanimous consent to make a motion for a Call of the Uncontested Statewide Calendar.
Senators VERDIN and ANDERSON objected.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator HAYES asked unanimous consent to make a motion for a Call of the Uncontested Statewide Calendar.
Senator BRYANT objected.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator SCOTT asked unanimous consent to make a motion that the Senate stand adjourned.
Senator COURSON objected.
Objection
With Senator HUTTO retaining the floor, Senator THOMAS asked unanimous consent to make a motion to give all uncontested Bills on the Second Reading Calendar a second reading, carrying over all amendments to third reading.
Senator KNOTTS objected.
On motion of Senator HUTTO, the amendments to S. 1137 (Word version) were withdrawn.
Senator HUTTO moved to nonconcur with the House amendments.
The question then was the motion to concur with the House amendments.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 2; Nays 42
AYES
Coleman Ford
Total--2
NAYS
Alexander Anderson Bright
Bryant Campbell Campsen
Cleary Courson Cromer
Davis Elliott Fair
Gregory Grooms Hayes
Hutto Jackson Knotts
Leatherman Leventis Lourie
Malloy Martin, Larry Martin, Shane
Massey Matthews McGill
Nicholson O'Dell Peeler
Pinckney Rankin Reese
Rose Ryberg Scott
Setzler Sheheen Shoopman
Thomas Verdin Williams
Total--42
The Senate nonconcurred in the House amendments and a message was sent to the House accordingly.
Senator LARRY MARTIN asked unanimous consent to make a motion to give all the Bills on the Uncontested Second Reading Calendar a second reading, carrying over all amendments to third reading and waiving the provisions of Rule 26B.
There was no objection and the motion was adopted.
Pursuant to the motion by Senator LARRY MARTIN, the following Bills and Joint Resolutions received a second reading, carrying over all amendments to third reading and waiving the provisions of Rule 26B:
S. 224 (Word version) -- Senators Knotts and Ford: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 59-111-20, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO FREE TUITION FOR CERTAIN VETERANS' CHILDREN, SO AS TO ALSO PROVIDE FREE TUITION TO CHILDREN OF CERTAIN ACTIVE DUTY SERVICE MEMBERS WITH HONORABLE WARTIME SERVICE.
S. 5 (Word version) -- Senators Leatherman, Rose, McConnell, Campsen, Fair, Rankin, Cromer, Alexander and Elliott: A BILL TO AMEND CHAPTER 38, TITLE 1 OF THE 1976 CODE TO ENACT THE "HEALTHCARE FREEDOM ACT", BY ADDING SECTION 38-1-40 TO PROVIDE THAT A CITIZEN OF THIS STATE HAS THE RIGHT TO PURCHASE HEALTH INSURANCE OR REFUSE TO PURCHASE HEALTH INSURANCE, TO PROVIDE THAT THE GOVERNMENT MAY NOT ENACT A LAW THAT WOULD INTERFERE, RESTRICT, OR PUNISH A CITIZEN FOR EXERCISING THESE RIGHTS, AND TO PROVIDE THAT ANY LAW TO THE CONTRARY SHALL BE VOID AB INITIO.
S. 457 (Word version) -- Senator Fair: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 59-116-45 SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT EVERY POLICE/SECURITY DEPARTMENT SHALL IMPLEMENT POLICIES AND PROCEDURES TO GOVERN THEIR OPERATIONS; TO AMEND SECTIONS 59-116-10, 59-116-20, AND 59-116-30, RELATING TO THE ESTABLISHMENT, POWERS, AND OPERATION OF CAMPUS SECURITY DEPARTMENTS, SO AS TO REVISE THE DEFINITION OF THE TERMS "CAMPUS" AND "CAMPUS POLICE OFFICER", AND TO DEFINE THE TERM "CAMPUS SECURITY OFFICER", TO PROVIDE THAT THESE PROVISIONS APPLY TO PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS, TO MAKE TECHNICAL CHANGES, TO REVISE THE JURISDICTIONAL BOUNDARY OF A CAMPUS SECURITY OFFICER, AND TO REVISE THE MARKINGS THAT MAY APPEAR ON A CAMPUS POLICE OFFICER'S VEHICLE AND TO PROVIDE FOR THE USE OF CAMPUS UNMARKED VEHICLES; TO AMEND SECTION 59-116-50, RELATING TO THE RANKS AND GRADES OF CAMPUS POLICE OFFICERS, SO AS TO DELETE THE TERM "PUBLIC SAFETY DIRECTOR" AND REPLACE IT WITH THE TERM "CHIEF LAW ENFORCEMENT EXECUTIVE", TO MAKE TECHNICAL CHANGES, AND TO PROVIDE THAT THIS PROVISION APPLIES TO PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS; TO AMEND SECTION 59-116-60, RELATING TO CAMPUS POLICE VEHICLES AND RADIO SYSTEMS, SO AS TO SUBSTITUTE THE TERM "CAMPUS POLICE DEPARTMENTS" FOR THE TERM "SAFETY AND SECURITY DEPARTMENTS"; TO AMEND SECTION 59-116-80, RELATING TO IMPERSONATING A CAMPUS POLICE OFFICER, SO AS TO SUBSTITUTE THE TERM "CAMPUS SECURITY DEPARTMENT" FOR THE TERM "SAFETY AND SECURITY DEPARTMENT", TO PROVIDE THAT THIS PROVISION APPLIES TO A PRIVATE COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY, AND TO MAKE TECHNICAL CHANGES; TO AMEND SECTION 59-116-100, RELATING TO THE PROCESSING OF A PERSON ARRESTED BY A CAMPUS POLICE OFFICER, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT THIS PROVISION ALSO APPLIES TO THE ARREST OF A PERSON BY A CAMPUS SECURITY OFFICER; TO AMEND SECTION 59-116-120, RELATING TO COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES EMPLOYING SECURITY PERSONNEL, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT THIS PROVISION APPLIES TO PRIVATE COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES, AND TO MAKE TECHNICAL CHANGES; AND TO REPEAL SECTION 59-116-70 RELATING TO THE POSTING OF A BOND BY A CAMPUS POLICE OFFICER BEFORE THE ASSUMPTION OF THEIR DUTIES.
H. 3897 (Word version) -- Reps. Stringer and Ballentine: A JOINT RESOLUTION TO DISAPPROVE REGULATIONS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL, RELATING TO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION FEES, DESIGNATED AS REGULATION DOCUMENT NUMBER 4132, PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLE 1, CHAPTER 23, TITLE 1 OF THE 1976 CODE.
H. 3163 (Word version) -- Reps. Tallon, Cole, Allison, G.R. Smith, Taylor, McCoy, Forrester, Murphy, Hixon and Patrick: A BILL TO AMEND ARTICLE 23, CHAPTER 5, TITLE 56 OF THE 1976 CODE, RELATING TO DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF INTOXICATING LIQUOR, DRUGS, OR NARCOTICS, BY ADDING SECTION 56-5-2905 TO INCLUDE MOPEDS IN THE DEFINITION OF MOTOR VEHICLES FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE ARTICLE.
H. 3342 (Word version) -- Reps. Harrison and Weeks: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 56-1-286, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE SUSPENSION OR DENIAL OF ISSUANCE OF A DRIVER'S LICENSE OR PERMIT TO OPERATE A MOTOR VEHICLE TO CERTAIN PERSONS WHO DRIVE A MOTOR VEHICLE WITH AN UNLAWFUL ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION, SO AS TO DELETE THE TERM "ADMINISTRATIVE HEARING" AND REPLACE IT WITH THE TERM "CONTESTED CASE HEARING", TO PROVIDE THAT A CONTESTED CASE HEARING MUST BE HELD BEFORE THE OFFICE OF MOTOR VEHICLE HEARINGS PURSUANT TO ITS RULES OF PROCEDURE, AND TO DELETE THE TERM "DIVISION OF MOTOR VEHICLE HEARINGS" AND REPLACE IT WITH THE TERM "OFFICE OF MOTOR VEHICLE HEARINGS"; TO AMEND SECTION 56-5-2942, AS AMENDED, RELATING TO VEHICLE IMMOBILIZATION AFTER A CONVICTION FOR DRIVING A VEHICLE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL, DRUGS, OR ANOTHER ILLEGAL SUBSTANCE, SO AS TO REVISE THE PROCEDURE WHEREBY THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES MAY RELEASE AN IMMOBILIZED VEHICLE REGISTERED TO A PERSON WHO HAS NOT BEEN CONVICTED OF DRIVING A VEHICLE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL, DRUGS, OR ANOTHER UNLAWFUL SUBSTANCE; TO AMEND SECTION 56-5-2951, AS AMENDED, RELATING TO THE SUSPENSION OF A PERSON'S DRIVER'S LICENSE OR PERMIT FOR HIS REFUSAL TO SUBMIT TO A TEST TO DETERMINE HIS LEVEL OF ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION, SO AS TO DELETE THE TERM "ADMINISTRATIVE HEARING" AND REPLACE IT WITH THE TERM "CONTESTED CASE HEARING", TO PROVIDE THAT ADMINISTRATIVE HEARINGS ARE HELD BEFORE THE OFFICE OF MOTOR VEHICLE HEARINGS AND NOT THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES, AND TO PROVIDE THAT THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES IS RESPONSIBLE FOR SENDING A HEARING OFFICER'S DECISION TO A PERSON WHO IS ELIGIBLE TO RECEIVE A RESTRICTED LICENSE PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION; AND TO AMEND SECTION 56-5-2952, AS AMENDED, RELATING TO THE FILING FEE TO REQUEST A CONTESTED CASE HEARING BEFORE THE OFFICE OF MOTOR VEHICLE HEARINGS, SO AS TO INCREASE THE FEE, TO DELETE THE TERM "ADMINISTRATIVE LAW COURT" AND REPLACE IT WITH THE TERM "OFFICE OF MOTOR VEHICLE HEARINGS", AND REVISE THE PROCEDURE FOR DISTRIBUTING FUNDS GENERATED FROM THE COLLECTION OF THESE FEES.
H. 3385 (Word version) -- Reps. D.C. Moss, V.S. Moss, Harrison, Delleney, Gambrell, Harrell, Hiott, Hixon, Lucas and Norman: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 61-6-4160, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE UNLAWFUL SALE OF ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS ON SUNDAYS AND ELECTION DAYS, SO AS TO INCLUDE CHRISTMAS DAY AND THANKSGIVING DAY IN THE PURVIEW OF THE STATUTE.
H. 4678 (Word version) -- Reps. Nanney, Brantley, Clemmons, Toole, Parker, Long, Allison, Limehouse, J.R. Smith, Bedingfield, Bowen, Corbin, Hamilton, Henderson, Hixon, Stringer and Willis: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 29-3-330, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO METHODS OF ENTERING A SATISFACTION OF MORTGAGE IN THE PUBLIC RECORDS, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT THE MORTGAGEE OF RECORD, THE OWNER OR HOLDER OF THE DEBT INSTRUMENT SECURED BY THE MORTGAGE, THE TRUSTEE OR BENEFICIARY OF A DEED OF TRUST, OR THE LEGAL REPRESENTATIVE OR ATTORNEY-IN-FACT OF ANY OF THOSE PARTIES MAY EXECUTE A MORTGAGE SATISFACTION OR DEED OF TRUST RELEASE, AND TO PROVIDE A PROCEDURE AND FORM FOR USE IN THIS EXECUTION.
H. 4451 (Word version) -- Reps. Bowen, Whipper, Bikas, Sottile, Herbkersman, D.C. Moss, Allison, Parker, Huggins, Bowers and Hearn: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTIONS 56-5-3890, 56-5-3895, AND 56-5-3897 SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT IT IS UNLAWFUL FOR A PERSON TO USE AN ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION DEVICE WHILE DRIVING A MOTOR VEHICLE UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES, TO PROVIDE A PENALTY, AND TO PROVIDE FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF MONIES COLLECTED FROM FINES ASSOCIATED WITH VIOLATIONS OF THESE PROVISIONS; AND TO AMEND SECTION 56-1-720, RELATING TO THE ASSESSMENT OF POINTS AGAINST A PERSON'S DRIVING RECORD FOR CERTAIN MOTOR VEHICLE VIOLATIONS, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT POINTS MUST BE ASSESSED AGAINST THE DRIVING RECORD OF A PERSON CONVICTED OF IMPROPER USE OF AN ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION DEVICE WHILE DRIVING A MOTOR VEHICLE.
H. 4473 (Word version) -- Reps. Limehouse, Brady and Neilson: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 63-15-45 SO AS TO PROHIBIT A COURT FROM GRANTING LEGAL CUSTODY TO A PARENT, GUARDIAN, OR ANOTHER PERSON WHO IS REQUIRED TO REGISTER PURSUANT TO THE SEX OFFENDER REGISTRY; AND TO AMEND SECTION 63-7-2350, RELATING TO RESTRICTIONS ON FOSTER CARE PLACEMENTS, SO AS TO RESTRICT THE PLACEMENT OF A CHILD IN FOSTER CARE WITH A PERSON WHO IS REQUIRED TO REGISTER PURSUANT TO THE SEX OFFENDER REGISTRY.
H. 3209 (Word version) -- Reps. Cobb-Hunter, Long, Brady and Knight: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 20-4-60, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO AN ORDER FOR PROTECTION FROM DOMESTIC ABUSE, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT THE COURT MAY PROHIBIT HARM OR HARASSMENT TO A PET ANIMAL OWNED, POSSESSED, KEPT, OR HELD BY THE PETITIONER AND TO PROVIDE THAT IN ORDERING TEMPORARY POSSESSION OF PERSONAL PROPERTY, THE COURT MAY ORDER THE TEMPORARY POSSESSION OF PET ANIMALS.
H. 5104 (Word version) -- Reps. McLeod and Harrison: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING CHAPTER 2 TO TITLE 2 SO AS TO REQUIRE ALL TESTIMONY GIVEN TO A COMMITTEE OR SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY MUST BE UNDER OATH AND TO CREATE THE OFFENSES OF CONTEMPT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY AND CRIMINAL CONTEMPT AND PROVIDE A PENALTY FOR A VIOLATION.
H. 5331 (Word version) -- Rep. Atwater: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 7-7-380, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE DESIGNATION OF PRECINCTS IN LEXINGTON COUNTY, SO AS TO REVISE THE NAMES OF CERTAIN PRECINCTS, TO REDESIGNATE A MAP NUMBER ON WHICH THE NAMES OF THESE PRECINCTS MAY BE FOUND AND MAINTAINED BY THE DIVISION OF RESEARCH AND STATISTICS OF THE STATE BUDGET AND CONTROL BOARD, AND TO CORRECT ARCHAIC LANGUAGE.
H. 5339 (Word version) -- Rep. White: A JOINT RESOLUTION TO PROVIDE THAT THE SCHOOL DAYS MISSED DURING THE PERIOD OF MAY 29, 2012, THROUGH JUNE 1, 2012, BY THE STUDENTS OF CALHOUN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL IN ANDERSON COUNTY WHEN THE SCHOOL WAS CLOSED DUE TO A BROKEN AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM ARE EXEMPT FROM THE MAKE-UP REQUIREMENT THAT FULL SCHOOL DAYS MISSED DUE TO SNOW, EXTREME WEATHER, OR OTHER DISRUPTIONS BE MADE UP.
H. 4093 (Word version) -- Reps. Pope, Sottile, Simrill, Hosey, Williams, Atwater, Quinn, Toole, Huggins, Brannon, Knight, Gambrell, Clyburn, McCoy, Gilliard, Owens, Merrill, Norman, Crawford, Bowers, Murphy, Bedingfield, Bowen, Branham, Chumley, Clemmons, Delleney, Hamilton, Hodges, Loftis, Lowe, D.C. Moss, V.S. Moss, Nanney, J.M. Neal, Ott, Ryan, G.M. Smith, G.R. Smith, J.R. Smith, Spires, Tallon, Taylor, Whitmire, Willis, Neilson and Harrell: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 1-1-715 SO AS TO DESIGNATE THE HONOR AND REMEMBER FLAG AS THE OFFICIAL STATE EMBLEM OF THE SERVICE AND SACRIFICE BY THOSE IN THE UNITED STATES ARMED FORCES WHO HAVE GIVEN THEIR LIVES IN THE LINE OF DUTY.
H. 4200 (Word version) -- Reps. Hardwick, Cooper, Clemmons, Frye, Ott, Funderburk, H.B. Brown, Battle, Agnew, McCoy, McEachern, Atwater, Williams, Spires, J.H. Neal, Gilliard, Sabb, Toole, Butler Garrick, Govan, Hiott, Stringer, Ballentine, Murphy, Knight, G.A. Brown, Chumley, Corbin, Crosby, Daning, Dillard, Hixon, Lowe, V.S. Moss, Neilson, Ryan, Willis, Hodges, Whipper, R.L. Brown and Brady: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 46-3-25 SO AS TO REQUIRE THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE TO CREATE AND MAINTAIN A PROGRAM TO ENCOURAGE SCHOOLS TO SERVE LOCALLY GROWN, MINIMALLY PROCESSED FARM FOODS.
H. 4494 (Word version) -- Reps. Huggins, Long, Pitts, G.R. Smith and Bedingfield: A BILL TO AMEND SECTION 23-31-10, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE PURCHASE OF RIFLES OR SHOTGUNS IN CONTIGUOUS STATES, SO AS TO REMOVE THE REQUIREMENT THAT THE PURCHASE BE MADE FROM A CONTIGUOUS STATE.
H. 5150 (Word version) -- Reps. Harrell, Harrison, Sandifer, Lucas, Hardwick, Howard, Clemmons, Ott, Crawford, Bingham, Owens, White and Funderburk: A BILL TO REENACT SECTION 33-44-303, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO THE LIABILITY OF MEMBERS AND MANAGERS OF LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES, AND TO EXPRESS THAT IT IS THE CLEAR AND UNAMBIGUOUS INTENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY TO SHIELD A MEMBER OF A LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY FROM PERSONAL LIABILITY FOR ACTIONS TAKEN IN THE ORDINARY COURSE OF THE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY'S BUSINESS.
H. 4043 (Word version) -- Reps. Tallon, Patrick, Pinson, Allison, V.S. Moss, Atwater, Brannon, Chumley, Bingham, Ballentine, Cole, Horne, Young, Hixon, Clemmons, Toole, Erickson, D.C. Moss and Frye: A BILL TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING SECTION 41-35-122 SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT AN EMPLOYER MAY CONFIDENTIALLY NOTIFY THE DEPARTMENT OF EMPLOYMENT AND WORKFORCE WHEN A PROSPECTIVE EMPLOYEE FAILS A DRUG TEST REQUIRED BY THE EMPLOYER AS A CONDITION OF EMPLOYMENT IF THE PROSPECTIVE EMPLOYEE IS RECEIVING UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS, TO PROVIDE THE DEPARTMENT SHALL SUSPEND THE BENEFITS OF A PERSON WHO, WHILE RECEIVING BENEFITS, FAILS A DRUG TEST TAKEN AS A CONDITION OF AN APPLICATION FOR EMPLOYMENT, TO PROVIDE THE DEPARTMENT MAY NOT RESTORE THESE SUSPENDED BENEFITS UNTIL THE PERSON HAS SUCCESSFULLY COMPLETED A CERTAIN DRUG TREATMENT PROGRAM AND PASSED A DRUG TEST, TO PROVIDE THE DEPARTMENT MAY NOT PROVIDE OR RESTORE RETROACTIVELY A BENEFIT TO A PERSON FOR A PERIOD IN WHICH HIS BENEFITS ARE SUSPENDED UNDER THIS SECTION, TO PROVIDE THE DEPARTMENT SHALL DEVELOP A CONSENT FORM THAT AN EMPLOYER MAY USE TO OBTAIN THE CONSENT OF A PROSPECTIVE EMPLOYEE TO GIVE THE DEPARTMENT THE RESULTS OF A DRUG TEST REQUIRED BY THE EMPLOYER AS A CONDITION OF EMPLOYMENT, TO PROVIDE THAT THE USE OF THIS CONSENT FORM LIMITS THE LIABILITY OF THE EMPLOYER FOR BREACH OF CONFIDENTIALITY, INVASION OF PRIVACY, INTENTIONAL INFLICTION OF EMOTIONAL DISTRESS, AND DEFAMATION CLAIMS RESULTING FROM THE PROVISION OF THE DRUG TEST RESULTS TO THE DEPARTMENT, AND TO DEFINE A "DRUG TEST".
EXECUTIVE SESSION
On motion of Senator COURSON, the seal of secrecy was removed, so far as the same relates to appointments made by the Governor and the following names were reported to the Senate in open session:
STATEWIDE APPOINTMENTS
Confirmations
Having received a favorable report from the Banking and Insurance Committee, the following appointment was taken up for immediate consideration:
Reappointment, South Carolina State Board of Financial Institutions, with the term to commence June 30, 2012, and to expire June 30, 2016
Credit Union:
William Scott Conley, 301 Clearview Drive, Columbia, SC 29212
On motion of Senator THOMAS, the question was confirmation of Mr. Conley.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 39; Nays 0
AYES
Anderson Bright Bryant
Campbell Campsen Cleary
Coleman Courson Cromer
Davis Fair Ford
Gregory Grooms Hayes
Jackson Knotts Land
Leatherman Leventis Malloy
Martin, Larry Martin, Shane Matthews
McGill Nicholson O'Dell
Peeler Pinckney Rankin
Reese Rose Scott
Setzler Sheheen Shoopman
Thomas Verdin Williams
Total--39
NAYS
Total--0
The appointment of Mr. Conley was confirmed.
Having received a favorable report from the Banking and Insurance Committee, the following appointment was taken up for immediate consideration:
Initial Appointment, South Carolina State Board of Financial Institutions, with the term to commence June 30, 2010, and to expire June 30, 2014
Association of Supervised Lenders:
Howard H. Wright, Jr., 1047 Eagle Dr., Rock Hill, SC 29732 VICE Johnathan Foster
On motion of Senator THOMAS, the question was confirmation of Mr. Wright.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 39; Nays 0
AYES
Alexander Anderson Bright
Campbell Campsen Cleary
Coleman Courson Cromer
Davis Fair Ford
Gregory Grooms Hayes
Jackson Knotts Land
Leventis Lourie Malloy
Martin, Larry Martin, Shane Massey
Matthews McGill Nicholson
O'Dell Peeler Pinckney
Rankin Reese Scott
Setzler Sheheen Shoopman
Thomas Verdin Williams
Total--39
NAYS
Total--0
The appointment of Mr. Wright was confirmed.
Having received a favorable report from the Judiciary Committee, the following appointment was taken up for immediate consideration:
Reappointment, South Carolina Workers' Compensation Commission, with the term to commence June 30, 2012, and to expire June 30, 2018
At-Large:
Henry Gene McCaskill, 604 Kirkwood Circle, Camden, SC 29020
On motion of Senator LARRY MARTIN, the question was confirmation of Mr. McCaskill.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 32; Nays 0; Abstain 9
AYES
Alexander Anderson Bright
Bryant Campbell Campsen
Cleary Courson Cromer
Fair Ford Gregory
Grooms Jackson Knotts
Leatherman Leventis Lourie
Martin, Larry Martin, Shane Matthews
McGill Nicholson O'Dell
Peeler Pinckney Reese
Ryberg Scott Shoopman
Verdin Williams
Total--32
NAYS
Total--0
ABSTAIN
Coleman Davis Hayes
Land Malloy Rankin
Setzler Sheheen Thomas
Total--9
The appointment of Mr. McCaskill was confirmed.
Having received a favorable report from the Medical Affairs Committee, the following appointment was taken up for immediate consideration:
Initial Appointment, South Carolina State Board of Nursing, with the term to commence December 31, 2010, and to expire December 31, 2014
2nd Congressional District:
Amanda E. Baker, 141 Montrose Drive, Lexington, SC 29072 VICE Rose Kearney-Nunnery
On motion of Senator PEELER, the question was confirmation of Ms. Baker.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 40; Nays 0
AYES
Alexander Anderson Bright
Bryant Campbell Campsen
Cleary Coleman Courson
Cromer Davis Ford
Grooms Hayes Jackson
Knotts Leatherman Leventis
Lourie Malloy Martin, Larry
Martin, Shane Massey Matthews
McGill Nicholson O'Dell
Peeler Pinckney Rankin
Reese Rose Ryberg
Scott Setzler Sheheen
Shoopman Thomas Verdin
Williams
Total--40
NAYS
Total--0
The appointment of Ms. Baker was confirmed.
Having received a favorable report from the Medical Affairs Committee, the following appointment was taken up for immediate consideration:
Initial Appointment, Medical Disciplinary Commission of the State Board of Medical Examiners, with the term to commence July 1, 2011, and to expire July 1, 2014
4th Congressional District:
Patricia Jane Bock, 110 Creekwood Drive, Spartanburg, SC 29302
On motion of Senator PEELER, the question was confirmation of Ms. Bock.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 40; Nays 0
AYES
Alexander Anderson Bright
Bryant Campbell Campsen
Cleary Coleman Courson
Cromer Davis Fair
Ford Gregory Grooms
Hayes Jackson Knotts
Leatherman Leventis Malloy
Martin, Larry Martin, Shane Massey
Matthews McGill O'Dell
Peeler Pinckney Rankin
Reese Rose Ryberg
Scott Setzler Sheheen
Shoopman Thomas Verdin
Williams
Total--40
NAYS
Total--0
The appointment of Ms. Bock was confirmed.
LOCAL APPOINTMENTS
Confirmations
Having received a favorable report from the Senate, the following appointments were confirmed in open session:
Reappointment, York County Natural Gas Authority, with the term to commence March 1, 2012, and to expire March 1, 2015
York County:
Clyde O. Smith, Post Office Box 336, York, SC 29745
Reappointment, York County Magistrate, with the term to commence April 30, 2011, and to expire April 30, 2015
David S. Wood, 957 Copperstone Lane, Fort Mill, SC 29708
Initial Appointment, Richland County Magistrate, with the term to commence April 30, 2011, and to expire April 30, 2015
Ethel L. Brewer, 4201 Donavan Drive, Columbia, SC 29210
Initial Appointment, Richland County Magistrate, with the term to commence April 30, 2011, and to expire April 30, 2015
Barbara Jo Wofford-Kanwat, 2009 Green Street #206, Columbia, SC 29205
Initial Appointment, Clarendon County Magistrate, with the term to commence April 30, 2010, and to expire April 30, 2014
Robin C. Locklear, Post Office Box 551, Manning, SC 29102 VICE Judge Aycock (retired)
On motion of Senator COURSON, with unanimous consent, the Senate agreed that, when the Senate adjourns today, it stand adjourned to meet at 10:00 A.M. tomorrow.
At 7:35 P.M., Senator COURSON moved that the Senate stand adjourned.
The "ayes" and "nays" were demanded and taken, resulting as follows:
Ayes 23; Nays 21
AYES
Anderson Cleary Coleman
Courson Elliott Ford
Hutto Jackson Leatherman
Leventis Lourie Malloy
Martin, Larry Matthews Nicholson
Pinckney Rankin Reese
Ryberg Scott Setzler
Sheheen Williams
Total--23
NAYS
Alexander Bright Bryant
Campbell Campsen Cromer
Davis Fair Gregory
Grooms Hayes Knotts
Martin, Shane Massey McGill
O'Dell Peeler Rose
Shoopman Thomas Verdin
Total--21
On motion of Senator WILLIAMS, with unanimous consent, the Senate stood adjourned out of respect to the memory of Mrs. Angela Smith of Columbia, S.C., beloved wife of William Smith, Presiding Elder of the Marion District of the African Methodist Church.
and
On motion of Senator HUTTO, with unanimous consent, the Senate stood adjourned out of respect to the memory of Mr. Franklin Grady Shuler, father-in-law of Jane Shuler, Attorney to the Judicial Merit Selection Commission. Mr. Shuler was the beloved husband of 64 years to Earlyne Mattox Shuler, devoted father of five and doting grandfather of ten and great-grandfather of five. Mr. Shuler was a pharmacist in Orangeburg and with the Upjohn Company until his retirement in 1987. While he was with the Upjohn Company, he became a medical science liaison helping to establish clinical studies of new medications. He was a member of the Board of Directors of the American Diabetes Association, was active in community service and will be sorely missed by family and friends.
and
| 2016-02-09T03:25:16 |
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|
https://lammps.sandia.gov/doc/angle_cross.html
|
# angle_style cross command
## Syntax
angle_style cross
## Examples
angle_style cross
angle_coeff 1 200.0 100.0 100.0 1.25 1.25 107.0
## Description
The cross angle style uses a potential that couples the bond stretches of a bend with the angle stretch of that bend:
where r12,0 is the rest value of the bond length between atom 1 and 2, r32,0 is the rest value of the bond length between atom 2 and 2, and theta0 is the rest value of the angle. KSS is the force constant of the bond stretch-bond stretch term and KBS0 and KBS1 are the force constants of the bond stretch-angle stretch terms.
The following coefficients must be defined for each angle type via the angle_coeff command as in the example above, or in the data file or restart files read by the read_data or read_restart commands:
• KSS (energy/distance^2)
| 2019-04-25T12:21:33 |
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|
https://www.usgs.gov/center-news/volcano-watch-whats-happening-mauna-loa
|
# Volcano Watch — What's happening at Mauna Loa?
Release Date:
Mauna Loa has gone 18.5 years without eruption--the second longest dry spell since detailed records begin in 1843. The longest period without eruption lasted 25 years, between 1950 and 1975. Clearly the past 52 years have been much less active than the previous 107.
Following its latest eruption, in March-April 1984, the volcano continued to inflate, quickly at first but then more slowly. By the early 1990s, the level of inflation had nearly reached that before 1984. This alone is an unreliable measure of the readiness for any volcano to erupt, because volcanoes change internally over time so that the basis of comparison also changes. The continued inflation, however, did make people wonder if the next eruption was to be sooner rather than later.
By 1994, however, the inflation had ceased, and the summit actually began to deflate. The rate of deflation was small but steady, continuing right up to May of this year. The pattern of slow deflation changed rather abruptly in mid-May. In fact, our best estimate is that the pattern changed on Mother's Day, the same day that Kilauea's currently active lava flow started.
Since then, the summit area of Mauna Loa has been slowly swelling and stretching. Distances across the summit caldera are lengthening at a rate of 5-6 cm (2-2.5 inches) per year. That means that, as of today, the caldera has widened about 2 cm (0.8 inches) since May 12. This is small stuff, indeed, but it does mark a noticeable, perhaps notable, change from the pattern of the preceding 9 years. The GPS measurements also show that the summit area is getting slightly higher, consistent with swelling.
These measurements are made with sophisticated GPS equipment that uses satellite orbits and signals to locate receivers on earth. This is acknowledged as the best means to track small changes in shape of the earth's surface. Could there be some error in this complicated method that we are overlooking, something that happened with the satellite orbits, for example?
To test that possibility, we have used a completely independent means to measure ground deformation-an old-fashioned, unsophisticated, non-electronic way to measure ground tilt. This method--called dry tilt in Hawaii and tilt-leveling, spirit-level tilt, or single-setup leveling elsewhere-uses standard surveying techniques to measure elevations of bench marks in a small area. If the elevations change from one survey to the next, the ground has tilted.
To make a long story short, the dry tilt measurements at the summit of Mauna Loa confirm the GPS results, though with less precision. The summit area is indeed swelling, slowly but measurably.
We then extended the measurement of existing GPS stations farther out on the flanks of the volcano to see if those parts of the volcano are also moving. The measurements show that the swelling is affecting more of the volcano than just the summit. In particular, the upper part of the southeast flank is showing outward movement.
You might think that this slow, slight swelling would be accompanied by increased seismicity. Well, that is not the case. Rocks bend before they break. That is an oversimplified way to say that slow swelling will likely not be accompanied by an increase in number or size of earthquakes.
Before the latest two eruptions, there were large increases in both numbers of earthquakes and the amount of energy released by these earthquakes. Though we must be cautious in saying that such an increase will definitely precede the next eruption, that is a reasonable expectation. On that basis alone, we see no reason to say that an eruption will take place any time soon-that is, in the next few weeks.
The small changes indicated by GPS measurements could have gone unseen in the past, when the instrumentation was less precise and the data were acquired infrequently rather than daily. There could have been several such spurts of swelling that we were unable to measure long before the 1975 and 1984 eruptions. And, such spurts may even be routine.
The overall story is a bit muddy because of what has happened since the 1984 eruption. The changed pattern--from swelling for the first 9 years to slight deflation for the next 9 years to very slight inflation now--is more difficult to interpret than one steady inflation.
With the help of Stanford University, HVO has already added one new GPS station on Mauna Loa and plans to install more GPS and electronic borehole tilt stations in the next few months. The seismic coverage is good and able to detect any increase in seismicity that might take place. We will report any significant changes as they take place via both the media and our web site (hvo.wr.usgs.gov); updates will be on the web site by the time you read this article.
### Volcano Activity Update
Eruptive activity of Kilauea Volcano continued unabated at the Puu Oo vent during the past week. Molten lava is flowing near the end of the Chain of Craters road, and the National Park Service is allowing visitors to get up close to the action where it is safe. The new ocean entry at Middle Highcastle between the older West Highcastle and Highcastle entries has developed a delta that measures 570 m (1,870 ft) along the coastline and extends 50 m (165 ft) beyond the old shoreline. We have received a disturbing report from a late night viewer of stupid people going beyond the boundary of the safe viewing area and on to the unstable bench of the active Wilipe`a ocean entry. Shortly after leaving the bench, the area collapsed into the sea!
No earthquakes were reported felt during the week ending on September 26.
| 2020-07-12T03:11:57 |
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|
http://pdglive.lbl.gov/DataBlock.action?node=S046LGN
|
# Long-lived ${{\widetilde{\boldsymbol g}}}$ (Gluino) mass limit INSPIRE search
Limits on light gluinos (${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ $<$ 5 GeV) were last listed in our PDG 2014 edition: K. Olive, $\mathit et~al.$ (Particle Data Group), Chinese Physics C38 070001 (2014) (http://pdg.lbl.gov).
VALUE (GeV) CL% DOCUMENT ID TECN COMMENT
$> 2060$ 95 1
2019 C
ATLS ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, Tglu1A, ${{\mathit \tau}}{}\geq{}$10 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 1890$ 95 1
2019 C
ATLS ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, Tglu1A, stable
$> 2370$ 95 2
2018 S
ATLS displaced vertex + $\not E_T$, long-lived Tglu1A, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV, and ${{\mathit \tau}}$=0.17 ns
$> 1600$ 95 3
2018 AY
CMS jets+$\not E_T$, Tglu1A, c$\tau$ < 0.1 mm, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 1750$ 95 3
2018 AY
CMS jets+$\not E_T$, Tglu1A, c$\tau$ = 1 mm, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 1640$ 95 3
2018 AY
CMS jets+$\not E_T$, Tglu1A, c$\tau$ = 10 mm, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 1490$ 95 3
2018 AY
CMS jets+$\not E_T$, Tglu1A, c$\tau$ = 100 mm, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 1300$ 95 3
2018 AY
CMS jets+$\not E_T$, Tglu1A, c$\tau$ = 1 m, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 960$ 95 3
2018 AY
CMS jets+$\not E_T$, Tglu1A, c$\tau$ = 10 m, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 900$ 95 3
2018 AY
CMS jets+$\not E_T$, Tglu1A, c$\tau$ = 100 m, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 2200$ 95 4
2018 DV
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$, RPV, ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\overline{\mathit t}}}{{\overline{\mathit b}}}{{\overline{\mathit s}}}$ , 0.6 mm $<$ c${{\mathit \tau}}<$ 80 mm
$>1000$ 95 5
2017 AR
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$, RPV, ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit b}}}{{\overline{\mathit s}}}$ , c${{\mathit \tau}}$ = 0.3 mm
$>1300$ 95 5
2017 AR
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$, RPV, ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit b}}}{{\overline{\mathit s}}}$ , c${{\mathit \tau}}$ = 1.0 mm
$>1400$ 95 5
2017 AR
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$, RPV, ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit b}}}{{\overline{\mathit s}}}$ , 2 mm $<$ c${{\mathit \tau}}<$ 30 mm
$> 1580$ 95 6
2016 B
ATLS long-lived ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons
$\text{> 740 - 1590}$ 95 7
2016 C
ATLS ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, Tglu1A, ${{\mathit \tau}}{}\geq{}$0.4 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 1570$ 95 7
2016 C
ATLS ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, Tglu1A, stable
$> 1610$ 95 8
2016 BW
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ forming R-hadrons, f = 0.1, cloud interaction model
$> 1580$ 95 8
2016 BW
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ forming R-hadrons, f = 0.1, charge-suppressed interaction model
$> 1520$ 95 8
2016 BW
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ forming R-hadrons, f = 0.5, cloud interaction model
$> 1540$ 95 8
2016 BW
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ forming R-hadrons, f = 0.5, charge-suppressed interaction model
$>1270$ 95 9
2015 AE
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ R-hadron, generic R-hadron model
$>1360$ 95 9
2015 AE
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ decaying to 300 GeV stable sleptons, LeptoSUSY model
$>1115$ 95 10
2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ R-hadron, stable
$>1185$ 95 10
2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ( ${{\mathit g}}$ $/$ ${{\mathit q}}{{\overline{\mathit q}}}$) ${{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , lifetime 10 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$>1099$ 95 10
2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ( ${{\mathit g}}$ $/$ ${{\mathit q}}{{\overline{\mathit q}}}$) )0, lifetime 10 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ $−$ ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$>1182$ 95 10
2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit t}}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , lifetime 10 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$>1157$ 95 10
2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit t}}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , lifetime 10 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ $−$ ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 480 GeV
$>869$ 95 10
2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ( ${{\mathit g}}$ $/$ ${{\mathit q}}{{\overline{\mathit q}}}$) )0, lifetime 1 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$>821$ 95 10
2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ( ${{\mathit g}}$ $/$ ${{\mathit q}}{{\overline{\mathit q}}}$) )0, lifetime 1 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ $−$ ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV ~
$>836$ 95 10
2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit t}}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , lifetime 1 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$>836$ 95 10
2015 BM
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit t}}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , lifetime 10 ns, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ $−$ ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 480 GeV
$> 1000$ 95 11
2015 AK
CMS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ R-hadrons, 10 ${{\mathit \mu}}$s$<{{\mathit \tau}}<$1000 s
$> 880$ 95 11
2015 AK
CMS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ R-hadrons, 1 ${{\mathit \mu}}$s$<{{\mathit \tau}}<$1000 s
• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •
$> 985$ 95 12
2013 AA
ATLS ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$, ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, generic interaction model
$> 832$ 95 13
2013 BC
ATLS R-hadrons, ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit g}}$ $/$ ${{\mathit q}}{{\overline{\mathit q}}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , generic R-hadron model, lifetime between $10^{-5}$ and $10^{3}$ s, ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 1322$ 95 14
2013 AB
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ forming R-hadrons, f = 0.1, cloud interaction model
$\text{none 200 - 341}$ 95 15
2012 P
ATLS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit g}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ , ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV
$> 640$ 95 16
2012 AN
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit g}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$
$> 1098$ 95 17
2012 L
CMS long-lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ forming ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, f = 0.1
$> 586$ 95 18
2011 K
ATLS stable ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$
$> 544$ 95 19
2011 P
ATLS stable ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$, GMSB scenario, tan ${{\mathit \beta}}$=5
$> 370$ 95 20
2011
CMS long lived ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$
$> 398$ 95 21
2011 C
CMS stable ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$
1 AABOUD 2019C searched in 36.1 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for metastable and stable ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons arising as excesses in the mass distribution of reconstructed tracks with high transverse momentum and large dE/dx. Gluino ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons with lifetimes above 10 ns are excluded at 95$\%$ C.L. with lower mass limit range between 1000 GeV and 2060 GeV, see their Figure 5(a). Masses smaller than 1290 GeV are excluded for a lifetime of 1 ns, see their Figure 6. In the case of stable ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, the lower mass limit is 1890 GeV, see their Figure 5(b).
2 AABOUD 2018S searched in 32.8 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for long-lived gluinos in final states with large missing transverse momentum and at least one high-mass displaced vertex with five or more tracks. The observed yield is consistent with the expected background. Exclusion limits are derived for Tglu1A models predicting the existence of long-lived gluinos reaching roughly m(${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$) = 2000 GeV to 2370 GeV for m(${{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$) = 100 GeV and gluino lifetimes between 0.02 and 10 ns, see their Fig. 8. Limits are presented also as a function of the lifetime (for a fixed gluino-neutralino mass difference of 100 GeV) and of the gluino and neutralino masses (for a fixed lifetime of 1 ns). See their Fig. 9 and 10 respectively.
3 SIRUNYAN 2018AY searched in 35.9 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for events containing one or more jets and significant $\not E_T$. No significant excess above the Standard Model expectations is observed. Limits are set on the gluino mass in the Tglu1A, Tglu2A and Tglu3A simplified models, see their Figure 3. Limits are also set on squark, sbottom and stop masses in the Tsqk1, Tsbot1, Tstop1 and Tstop4 simplified models, see their Figure 3. Finally, limits are set on long-lived gluino masses in a Tglu1A simplified model where the gluino is metastable or long-lived with proper decay lengths in the range $10^{-3}$ mm $<$ c${{\mathit \tau}}$ $<$ $10^{5}$ mm, see their Figure 4.
4 SIRUNYAN 2018DV searched in 38.5 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for long-lived particles in events with multiple jets and two displaced vertices composed of many tracks. No events with two well-separated high-track-multiplicity vertices were observed. Limits are set on the stop and the gluino mass in RPV models of supersymmetry where the stop (gluino) is decaying solely into dijet (multijet) final states, see their Figures 6 and 7.
5 KHACHATRYAN 2017AR searched in 17.6 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV for R-parity-violating SUSY in which long-lived neutralinos or gluinos decay into multijet final states. No significant excess above the Standard Model expectations is observed. Limits are set on the gluino mass for a range of mean proper decay lengths (c${{\mathit \tau}}$), see their Fig. 7. The upper limits on the production cross section times branching ratio squared (Fig. 7) are also applicable to long-lived neutralinos.
6 AABOUD 2016B searched in 3.2 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for long-lived ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons using observables related to large ionization losses and slow propagation velocities, which are signatures of heavy charged particles traveling significantly slower than the speed of light. Exclusion limits at 95$\%$ C.L. are set on the long-lived gluino masses exceeding 1580 GeV. See their Fig. 5.
7 AABOUD 2016C searched in 3.2 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for long-lived and stable ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons identified by anomalous specific ionization energy loss in the ATLAS Pixel detector. Gluino ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons with lifetimes above 0.4 ns are excluded at 95$\%$ C.L. with lower mass limit range between 740 GeV and 1590 GeV. In the case of stable ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons, the lower mass limit is 1570 GeV. See their Figs. 5 and 6.
8 KHACHATRYAN 2016BW searched in 2.5 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV for events with heavy stable charged particles, identified by their anomalously high energy deposits in the silicon tracker and/or long time-of-flight measurements by the muon system. No evidence for an excess over the expected background is observed. Limits are derived for pair production of gluinos as a function of mass, depending on the interaction model and on the fraction f, of produced gluinos hadronizing into a ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ - gluon state, see Fig. 4 and Table 7.
9 AAD 2015AE searched in 19.1 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV for heavy long-lived charged particles, measured through their specific ionization energy loss in the ATLAS pixel detector or their time-of-flight in the ALTAS muon system. In the absence of an excess of events above the expected backgrounds, limits are set R-hadrons in various scenarios, see Fig. 11. Limits are also set in LeptoSUSY models where the gluino decays to stable 300 GeV leptons, see Fig. 9.
10 AAD 2015BM searched in 18.4 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV for stable and metastable non-relativistic charged particles through their anomalous specific ionization energy loss in the ATLAS pixel detector. In absence of an excess of events above the expected backgrounds, limits are set within a generic R-hadron model, on stable gluino R-hadrons (see Table 5) and on metastable gluino R-hadrons decaying to ( ${{\mathit g}}$ $/$ ${{\mathit q}}{{\overline{\mathit q}}}$ ) plus a light ${{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ (see Fig. 7) and decaying to ${{\mathit t}}{{\overline{\mathit t}}}$ plus a light ${{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ (see Fig. 9).
11 KHACHATRYAN 2015AK looked in a data set corresponding to 18.6 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV, and a search interval corresponding to 281 h of trigger lifetime, for long-lived particles that have stopped in the CMS detector. No evidence for an excess over the expected background in a cloud interaction model is observed. Assuming the decay ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit g}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ and lifetimes between 1 ${{\mathit \mu}}$s and 1000 s, limits are derived on ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ production as a function of ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$, see Figs. 4 and 6. The exclusions require that ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ is kinematically consistent with the minimum values of the jet energy thresholds used.
12 AAD 2013AA searched in 4.7 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events containing colored long-lived particles that hadronize forming ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons. No significant excess above the expected background was found. Long-lived ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons containing a ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ are excluded for masses up to 985 GeV at 95$\%$ C.L in a general interaction model. Also, limits independent of the fraction of ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons that arrive charged in the muon system were derived, see Fig. 6.
13 AAD 2013BC searched in 5.0 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV and in 22.9 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV for bottom squark R-hadrons that have come to rest within the ATLAS calorimeter and decay at some later time to hadronic jets and a neutralino. In absence of an excess of events above the expected backgrounds, limits are set on gluino masses for different decays, lifetimes, and neutralino masses, see their Table 6 and Fig. 10.
14 CHATRCHYAN 2013AB looked in 5.0 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV and in 18.8 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV for events with heavy stable particles, identified by their anomalous dE/dx in the tracker or additionally requiring that it be identified as muon in the muon chambers, from pair production of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$'s. No evidence for an excess over the expected background is observed. Limits are derived for pair production of gluinos as a function of mass (see Fig. 8 and Table 5), depending on the fraction, f, of formation of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}−$g (R-gluonball) states. The quoted limit is for f = 0.1, while for f = 0.5 it degrades to 1276 GeV. In the conservative scenario where every hadronic interaction causes it to become neutral, the limit decreases to 928 GeV for f = 0.1.
15 AAD 2012P looked in 31 pb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events with pair production of long-lived gluinos. The hadronization of the gluinos leads to ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons which may stop inside the detector and later decay via ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit g}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ during gaps between the proton bunches. No significant excess over the expected background is observed. From a counting experiment, a limit at 95$\%$ C.L. on the cross section as a function of ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ is derived for ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}$ = 100 GeV, see Fig. 4. The limit is valid for lifetimes between $10^{-5}$ and $10^{3}$ seconds and assumes the $\mathit Generic$ matter interaction model for the production cross section.
16 CHATRCHYAN 2012AN looked in 4.0 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events with pair production of long-lived gluinos. The hadronization of the gluinos leads to ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons which may stop inside the detector and later decay via ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit g}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ during gaps between the proton bunches. No significant excess over the expected background is observed. From a counting experiment, a limit at 95$\%$ C.L. on the cross section as a function of ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ is derived, see Fig. 3. The mass limit is valid for lifetimes between $10^{-5}$ and $10^{3}$ seconds, for what they call ''the daughter gluon energy ${{\mathit E}_{{g}}}$ $>$'' 100 GeV and assuming the $\mathit cloud$ interaction model for ${{\mathit R}}$-hadrons. Supersedes KHACHATRYAN 2011 .
17 CHATRCHYAN 2012L looked in 5.0 fb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events with heavy stable particles, identified by their anomalous dE/dx in the tracker or additionally requiring that it be identified as muon in the muon chambers, from pair production of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$'s. No evidence for an excess over the expected background is observed. Limits are derived for pair production of gluinos as a function of mass (see Fig. 3), depending on the fraction, f, of formation of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}−$g (${{\mathit R}}$-glueball) states. The quoted limit is for f = 0.1, while for f = 0.5 it degrades to 1046 GeV. In the conservative scenario where every hadronic interaction causes it to become neutral, the limit decreases to 928 GeV for f=0.1. Supersedes KHACHATRYAN 2011C.
18 AAD 2011K looked in 34 pb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events with heavy stable particles, identified by their anomalous dE/dx in the tracker or time of flight in the tile calorimeter, from pair production of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$. No evidence for an excess over the SM expectation is observed. Limits are derived for pair production of gluinos as a function of mass (see Fig. 4), for a fraction, f = 10$\%$, of formation of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}−{{\mathit g}}$ (R-gluonball). If instead of a phase space driven approach for the hadronic scattering of the R-hadrons, a triple-Regge model or a bag-model is used, the limit degrades to 566 and 562 GeV, respectively.
19 AAD 2011P looked in 37 pb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events with heavy stable particles, reconstructed and identified by their time of flight in the Muon System. There is no requirement on their observation in the tracker to increase the sensitivity to cases where gluinos have a large fraction, f, of formation of neutral ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}−{{\mathit g}}$ (R-gluonball). No evidence for an excess over the SM expectation is observed. Limits are derived as a function of mass (see Fig. 4), for f=0.1. For fractions f = 0.5 and 1.0 the limit degrades to 537 and 530 GeV, respectively.
20 KHACHATRYAN 2011 looked in 10 pb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events with pair production of long-lived gluinos. The hadronization of the gluinos leads to R-hadrons which may stop inside the detector and later decay via ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit g}}{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}$ during gaps between the proton bunches. No significant excess over the expected background is observed. From a counting experiment, a limit at 95$\%$ C.L. on the cross section times branching ratio is derived for ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}−{\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit \chi}}_{{1}}^{0}}}>$ 100 GeV, see their Fig. 2. Assuming 100$\%$ branching ratio, lifetimes between 75 ns and $3 \times 10^{5}$ s are excluded for ${\mathit m}_{{{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}}$ = 300 GeV. The ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$ mass exclusion is obtained with the same assumptions for lifetimes between 10 ${{\mathit \mu}}{{\mathit s}}$ and 1000 s, but shows some dependence on the model for R-hadron interactions with matter, illustrated in Fig. 3. From a time-profile analysis, the mass exclusion is 382 GeV for a lifetime of 10 ${{\mathit \mu}}{{\mathit s}}$ under the same assumptions as above.
21 KHACHATRYAN 2011C looked in 3.1 pb${}^{-1}$ of ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV for events with heavy stable particles, identified by their anomalous dE/dx in the tracker or additionally requiring that it be identified as muon in the muon chambers, from pair production of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}$. No evidence for an excess over the expected background is observed. Limits are derived for pair production of gluinos as a function of mass (see Fig. 3), depending on the fraction, f, of formation of ${{\widetilde{\mathit g}}}−{{\mathit g}}$ (R-gluonball). The quoted limit is for f=0.1, while for f=0.5 it degrades to 357 GeV. In the conservative scenario where every hadronic interaction causes it to become neutral, the limit decreases to 311 GeV for f=0.1.
References:
AABOUD 2019C
PL B788 96 Search for heavy charged long-lived particles in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV using an ionisation measurement with the \mbox{ATLAS} detector
AABOUD 2018S
PR D97 052012 Search for long-lived, massive particles in events with displaced vertices and missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector
SIRUNYAN 2018AY
JHEP 1805 025 Search for natural and split supersymmetry in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV in final states with jets and missing transverse momentum
SIRUNYAN 2018DV
PR D98 092011 Search for long-lived particles with displaced vertices in multijet events in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$13 TeV
KHACHATRYAN 2017AR
PR D95 012009 Search for $\mathit R$-Parity Violating Supersymmetry with Displaced Vertices in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV
AABOUD 2016C
PR D93 112015 Search for Metastable Heavy Charged Particles with Large Ionization Energy Loss in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV using the ATLAS Experiment
AABOUD 2016B
PL B760 647 Search for Heavy Long-Lived Charged ${{\mathit R}}$-Hadrons with the ATLAS Detector in 3.2 ${\mathrm {fb}}{}^{-1}$ of Proton-Proton Collision Data at $\sqrt {s }$ =13 TeV
KHACHATRYAN 2016BW
PR D94 112004 Search for Long-Lived Charged Particles in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 13 TeV
AAD 2015BM
EPJ C75 407 Search for Metastable Heavy Charged Particles with Large Ionisation Energy Loss in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV using the ATLAS Experiment
AAD 2015AE
JHEP 1501 068 Searches for Heavy Long-Lived Charged Particles with the ATLAS Detector in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV
KHACHATRYAN 2015AK
EPJ C75 151 Search for Decays of Stopped Long-Lived Particles Produced in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 8 TeV
AAD 2013AA
PL B720 277 Searches for Heavy Long-Lived Sleptons and $\mathit R$-Hadrons with the ATLAS Detector in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV
AAD 2013BC
PR D88 112003 Search for Long-Lived Stopped $\mathit R$-Hadrons Decaying out of Time with ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions using the ATLAS Detector
CHATRCHYAN 2013AB
JHEP 1307 122 Searches for Long-Lived Charged Particles in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 and 8 TeV
AAD 2012P
EPJ C72 1965 Search for Decays of Stopped, Long-lived Particles from 7 TeV ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions with the ATLAS Detector
CHATRCHYAN 2012L
PL B713 408 Search for Heavy Long-Lived Charged Particles in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV
CHATRCHYAN 2012AN
JHEP 1208 026 Search for Stopped Long-Lived Particles Produced in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV
AAD 2011P
PL B703 428 Search for Heavy Long-Lived Charged Particles with the ATLAS Detector in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV
AAD 2011K
PL B701 1 Search for Stable Hadronising squarks and gluinos with the ATLAS Experiment at the LHC
KHACHATRYAN 2011C
JHEP 1103 024 Search for Heavy Stable Charged Particles in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV
KHACHATRYAN 2011
PRL 106 011801 Search for Stopped Gluinos in ${{\mathit p}}{{\mathit p}}$ Collisions at $\sqrt {s }$ = 7 TeV
| 2020-02-27T15:07:03 |
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https://pos.sissa.it/398/277/
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Volume 398 - The European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics (EPS-HEP2021) - T05: Heavy Ion Physics
Simulations of charged hadron and charmed meson production in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV with HYDJET++ generator
J. Štorek*, J. Bielcik, L. Bravina, G. Eyyubova, V. Korotkikh, I. Lokhtin, S. Petrushanko, A. Snigirev and E. Zabrodin
Full text: pdf
Pre-published on: February 24, 2022
Published on: May 12, 2022
Abstract
HYDJET++ is a Monte Carlo event generator merging parametrized soft part inspired by hydrodynamics with hard part containing jets. It has been successful to describe particle production in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV energies. In this contribution, particle spectra and collective flow for the top LHC energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV Pb+Pb collisions are presented for the first time. Specifically, the HYDJET++ model version 2.4 has been used to simulate spectra of charged particles, $D^0$ and $J/\psi$ mesons and related $v_2$ and $v_3$ azimuthal flow harmonics. The particle spectra and flow haromincs are studied in different centrality bins ranging from 0-10% up to 30-40% centrality in midrapidity region for charged particles and $D^0$ mesons and in forward rapidity in case of $J/\psi$ mesons. The simulated results have been compared with the LHC data to tune HYDJET++ parameters.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22323/1.398.0277
How to cite
Metadata are provided both in "article" format (very similar to INSPIRE) as this helps creating very compact bibliographies which can be beneficial to authors and readers, and in "proceeding" format which is more detailed and complete.
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Copyright owned by the author(s) under the term of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
| 2022-08-10T11:12:26 |
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https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=au%3Aabramsky%20samson
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# zbMATH — the first resource for mathematics
## Abramsky, Samson
Compute Distance To:
Author ID: abramsky.samson Published as: Abramsky, Samson; Abramsky, S. External Links: MGP · Wikidata · dblp · GND · IdRef · theses.fr
Documents Indexed: 102 Publications since 1983 19 Contributions as Editor Biographic References: 1 Publication
all top 5
#### Co-Authors
40 single-authored 10 Jagadeesan, Radha 7 Maibaum, Thomas Stephen Edward 6 Soares Barbosa, Rui 5 Gabbay, Dov M. 5 McCusker, Guy Andrew 4 Lenisa, Marina 4 Mansfield, Shane 3 Brandenburger, Adam 3 Carù, Giovanni 3 Coecke, Bob 3 Gay, Simon J. 3 Kishida, Kohei 3 Mislove, Michael W. 3 Nagarajan, Rajagopal 2 Burn, Geoffrey L. 2 Constantin, Carmen M. 2 Curien, Pierre-Louis 2 de Silva, Nadish 2 Gavoille, Cyril 2 Ghica, Dan R. 2 Hankin, Chris L. 2 Heunen, Chris 2 Kirchner, Claude 2 Lal, Raymond 2 Malacaria, Pasquale 2 Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm 2 Palamidessi, Catuscia 2 Pitt, David H. 2 Poigné, Axel 2 Rydeheard, David E. 2 Shah, Nihil 2 Spirakis, Paul G. 2 Väänänen, Jouko Antero 2 Vákár, Matthijs 2 Zvesper, Jonathan Alexander 1 Bechmann, Matthias 1 Blute, Richard F. 1 Cooper, Stuart Barry 1 Dawar, Anuj 1 Duncan, Ross 1 Fuller, David A. 1 Gorecki, Jerzy 1 Haghverdi, Esfandiar 1 Horsman, Dominic 1 Kendon, Viv M. 1 Kontinen, Juha 1 Mackie, Ian 1 Murawski, Andrzej S. 1 Naughton, Thomas J. 1 Panangaden, Prakash 1 Perdrix, Simon 1 Pérez-Jiménez, Mario J. 1 Pitts, Andrew M. 1 Román, Leopoldo 1 Romero-Campero, Francisco José 1 Sadrzadeh, Mehrnoosh 1 Savochkin, Andrei 1 Scott, Philip J. 1 Sebald, Angelika 1 Stepney, Susan 1 Tzevelekos, Nikos 1 Vickers, Steven 1 Vollmer, Heribert 1 Wang, Pengming 1 Winschel, Viktor 1 Yamada, Norihiro 1 Ying, Shenggang 1 Zapata, Octavio
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#### Serials
10 Theoretical Computer Science 7 Lecture Notes in Computer Science 6 Information and Computation 6 MSCS. Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 4 Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 2 Synthese 2 Journal of Logic and Computation 2 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. A. Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 1 Journal of Computer and System Sciences 1 Journal of Mathematical Psychology 1 Journal of Philosophical Logic 1 Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra 1 The Journal of Symbolic Logic 1 Studia Logica 1 Science of Computer Programming 1 New Generation Computing 1 Applied Categorical Structures 1 Theory and Applications of Categories 1 Bulletin of the European Association for Theoretical Computer Science EATCS 1 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 1 New Journal of Physics 1 Proceedings of Symposia in Applied Mathematics 1 Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science
all top 5
#### Fields
83 Computer science (68-XX) 56 Mathematical logic and foundations (03-XX) 32 Quantum theory (81-XX) 26 Category theory; homological algebra (18-XX) 19 Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences (91-XX) 15 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 5 Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures (06-XX) 3 Functional analysis (46-XX) 3 Operator theory (47-XX) 2 Algebraic topology (55-XX) 1 History and biography (01-XX) 1 General algebraic systems (08-XX) 1 Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory (15-XX) 1 Nonassociative rings and algebras (17-XX) 1 Topological groups, Lie groups (22-XX) 1 Measure and integration (28-XX) 1 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 1 Convex and discrete geometry (52-XX) 1 Manifolds and cell complexes (57-XX) 1 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 1 Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer (80-XX) 1 Relativity and gravitational theory (83-XX) 1 Information and communication theory, circuits (94-XX)
#### Citations contained in zbMATH Open
86 Publications have been cited 1,359 times in 940 Documents Cited by Year
Domain theory in logical form. Zbl 0737.03006
Abramsky, Samson
1991
Full abstraction for PCF. Zbl 1006.68028
2000
Games and full completeness for multiplicative linear logic. Zbl 0822.03007
1994
Computational interpretations of linear logic. Zbl 0791.03003
Abramsky, Samson
1993
Quantales, observational logic and process semantics. Zbl 0823.06011
Abramsky, Samson; Vickers, Steven
1993
Full abstraction in the lazy lambda calculus. Zbl 0779.03003
Abramsky, Samson; Ong, C.-H. Luke
1993
A domain equation for bisimulation. Zbl 0718.68057
Abramsky, Samson
1991
Categorical quantum mechanics. Zbl 1273.81014
Abramsky, Samson; Coecke, Bob
2009
Call-by-value games. Zbl 0908.03035
Abramsky, Samson; McCusker, Guy
1998
Observation equivalence as a testing equivalence. Zbl 0626.68016
Abramsky, Samson
1987
Linearity, sharing and state: A fully abstract games semantics for idealized Algol with active expressions. (Extended abstract). Zbl 0909.68029
Abramsky, Samson; McCusker, Guy
1996
Geometry of interaction and linear combinatory algebras. Zbl 1014.03056
Abramsky, Samson; Haghverdi, Esfandiar; Scott, Philip
2002
From IF to BI. A tale of dependence and separation. Zbl 1175.03016
Abramsky, Samson; Väänänen, Jouko
2009
Game semantics. Zbl 0961.68080
Abramsky, Samson; McCusker, Guy
1999
The sheaf-theoretic structure of non-locality and contextuality. Zbl 1448.81028
2011
Full abstraction for PCF. Zbl 0942.68615
1994
Contextuality, cohomology and paradox. Zbl 1373.03048
Abramsky, Samson; Barbosa, Rui Soares; Kishida, Kohei; Lal, Raymond; Mansfield, Shane
2015
Proofs as processes. Zbl 0850.68297
Abramsky, Samson
1994
New foundations for the geometry of interaction. Zbl 0803.03014
1994
Nuclear and trace ideals in tensored $$^*$$-categories. Zbl 0946.18004
Abramsky, Samson; Blute, Richard; Panangaden, Prakash
1999
Strictness analysis for higher-order functions. Zbl 0603.68013
Burn, Geoffrey L.; Hankin, Chris; Abramsky, Samson
1986
$$H^\ast$$-algebras and nonunital Frobenius algebras: first steps in infinite-dimensional categorical quantum mechanics. Zbl 1267.18007
Abramsky, Samson; Heunen, Chris
2012
A Cook’s tour of the finitary non-well-founded sets. Zbl 1279.03073
Abramsky, Samson
2005
Interaction categories and the foundations of typed concurrent programming. Zbl 0934.18007
Abramsky, Samson; Gay, Simon; Nagarajan, Rajagopal
1996
Semantics of interaction: An introduction to game semantics. Zbl 0938.91500
Abramsky, Samson
1997
A structural approach to reversible computation. Zbl 1081.68019
Abramsky, Samson
2005
An internal language for autonomous categories. Zbl 0806.03044
Mackie, Ian; Román, Leopoldo; Abramsky, Samson
1993
Abstract physical traces. Zbl 1065.18005
Abramsky, Samson; Coecke, Bob
2005
Abstract scalars, loops, and free traced and strongly compact closed categories. Zbl 1151.81002
Abramsky, Samson
2005
Handbook of logic in computer science. Vol. 3: Semantic structures. Zbl 0829.68111
1994
On semantic foundations for applicative multiprogramming. Zbl 0538.68064
Abramsky, Samson
1983
Full abstraction for idealized Algol with passive expressions. Zbl 0954.68028
Abramsky, Samson; McCusker, Guy
1999
The theory of strictness analysis for higher order functions. Zbl 0596.68009
Burn, G. L.; Hankin, C. L.; Abramsky, S.
1986
A categorical quantum logic. Zbl 1099.03059
Abramsky, Samson; Duncan, Ross
2006
Abstract interpretation, logical relations, and Kan extensions. Zbl 0727.03020
Abramsky, Samson
1990
Sequentiality vs. concurrency in games and logic. Zbl 1129.03014
Abramsky, Samson
2003
Applying game semantics to compositional software modeling and verification. Zbl 1126.68343
Abramsky, Samson; Ghica, Dan R.; Murawski, Andrzej S.; Ong, C.-H. Luke
2004
Temperley-Lieb algebra: from knot theory to logic and computation via quantum mechanics. Zbl 1135.81006
Abramsky, Samson
2008
Introduction to categories and categorical logic. Zbl 1217.18001
Abramsky, S.; Tzevelekos, N.
2011
Relational hidden variables and non-locality. Zbl 1278.81101
Abramsky, Samson
2013
An operational interpretation of negative probabilities and no-signalling models. Zbl 1415.81009
2014
A compositional game semantics for multi-agent logics of partial information. Zbl 1196.68241
Abramsky, Samson
2007
Coalgebraic analysis of subgame-perfect equilibria in infinite games without discounting. Zbl 1364.91026
Abramsky, Samson; Winschel, Viktor
2017
Algorithmic game semantics. A tutorial introduction. Zbl 1097.68574
Abramsky, Samson
2002
Strictness analysis and polymorphic invariance. Zbl 0624.68034
Abramsky, Samson
1986
Handbook of logic in computer science. Vol. 2: Background: Computational structures. Zbl 0777.68001
1992
Games and full completeness for multiplicative linear logic. (Extended Abstract). Zbl 0925.03041
1992
Relational databases and Bell’s theorem. Zbl 1397.68041
Abramsky, Samson
2013
A fully abstract denotational semantics for the calculus of higher-order communicating systems. Zbl 0974.68109
Thomsen, B.; Abramsky, S.
2001
Linear realizability and full completeness for typed lambda-calculi. Zbl 1064.03012
Abramsky, Samson; Lenisa, Marina
2005
No-cloning in categorical quantum mechanics. Zbl 1192.81013
Abramsky, Samson
2010
A fully complete PER model for ML polymorphic types. Zbl 0973.03015
Abramsky, Samson; Lenisa, Marina
2000
A game semantics for generic polymorphism. Zbl 1066.68074
2005
Experiments, powerdomains and fully abstract models for applicative multiprogramming. Zbl 0586.68022
Abramsky, Samson
1983
Game semantics for access control. Zbl 1337.68157
2009
Mixed computation of Prolog programs. Zbl 0654.68021
Fuller, David A.; Abramsky, Samson
1988
Specifying interaction categories. Zbl 0884.18008
Pavlović, D.; Abramsky, S.
1997
Intensionality, definability and computation. Zbl 1344.03003
Abramsky, Samson
2014
Petri nets, discrete physics, and distributed quantum computation. Zbl 1143.68468
Abramsky, Samson
2008
Games for recursive types. Zbl 0840.03054
Abramsky, Samson; McCusker, Guy
1995
Big toy models. Representing physical systems as Chu spaces. Zbl 1275.81008
Abramsky, Samson
2012
Operational theories and categorical quantum mechanics. Zbl 1355.81028
Abramsky, Samson; Heunen, Chris
2016
The quantum monad on relational structures. Zbl 1441.68055
Abramsky, Samson; Barbosa, Rui Soares; de Silva, Nadish; Zapata, Octavio
2017
Axiomatizing fully complete models for ML polymorphic types. Zbl 0996.03041
Abramsky, Samson; Lenisa, Marina
2000
Semantic unification. A sheaf theoretic approach to natural language. Zbl 1285.03021
2014
What are the fundamental structures of concurrency? We still don’t know! Zbl 1315.68188
Abramsky, Samson
2006
A type-theoretic approach to deadlock-freedom of asynchronous systems. Zbl 0882.18002
Abramsky, Samson; Gay, Simon; Nagarajan, Rajagopal
1997
Handbook of logic in computer science. Vol. 4: Semantic modelling. Zbl 0876.68001
1995
Fully complete minimal PER models for the simply typed $$\lambda$$-calculus. Zbl 0999.03010
Abramsky, Samson; Lenisa, Marina
2001
Relating structure and power: comonadic semantics for computational resources (extended abstract). Zbl 06962928
Abramsky, Samson; Shah, Nihil
2018
The cohomology of non-locality and contextuality. Zbl 1464.81012
Abramsky, Samson; Mansfield, Shane; Soares Barbosa, Rui
2012
Category theory and computer programming. Tutorial and Workshop, Guildford, U.K., September 16-20, 1985. Proceedings. Zbl 0607.00015
1986
Handbook of logic in computer science. Vol. 1: Background: Mathematical structures. Zbl 0806.68003
1992
Process realizability. Zbl 0995.68064
Abramsky, Samson
2000
A specification structure for deadlock-freedom of synchronous processes. Zbl 0932.68061
Abramsky, S.; Gay, S. J.; Nagarajan, R.
1999
A complete characterization of all-versus-nothing arguments for stabilizer states. Zbl 1404.81022
Abramsky, Samson; Soares Barbosa, Rui; Carù, Giovanni; Perdrix, Simon
2017
A game semantics for generic polymorphism. Zbl 1029.68038
2003
From Lawvere to Brandenburger-Keisler: interactive forms of diagonalization and self-reference. Zbl 1328.03013
Abramsky, Samson; Zvesper, Jonathan
2015
Dependence logic. Theory and applications. Selected papers based on the presentations at the Dagstuhl seminar on ‘Dependence logic: theory and applications’, Wadern, Germany, February 2013. Zbl 1348.03004
2016
From Lawvere to Brandenburger-Keisler: interactive forms of diagonalization and self-reference. Zbl 1328.03012
Abramsky, Samson; Zvesper, Jonathan
2012
Games for dependent types. Zbl 1395.68177
2015
Physical traces: quantum vs. classical information processing. Zbl 1270.68182
Abramsky, Samson; Coecke, Bob
2003
Coalgebras, Chu spaces, and representations of physical systems. Zbl 1270.81040
Abramsky, Samson
2013
Hardy is (almost) everywhere: nonlocality without inequalities for almost all entangled multipartite states. Zbl 1353.81024
Abramsky, Samson; Constantin, Carmen M.; Ying, Shenggang
2016
Minimum quantum resources for strong non-locality. Zbl 1427.81006
Abramsky, Samson; Barbosa, Rui Soares; Carù, Giovanni; De Silva, Nadish; Kishida, Kohei; Mansfield, Shane
2018
The pebbling comonad in finite model theory. Zbl 1452.03083
Abramsky, Samson; Dawar, Anuj; Wang, Pengming
2017
Relating structure and power: comonadic semantics for computational resources (extended abstract). Zbl 06962928
Abramsky, Samson; Shah, Nihil
2018
Minimum quantum resources for strong non-locality. Zbl 1427.81006
Abramsky, Samson; Barbosa, Rui Soares; Carù, Giovanni; De Silva, Nadish; Kishida, Kohei; Mansfield, Shane
2018
Coalgebraic analysis of subgame-perfect equilibria in infinite games without discounting. Zbl 1364.91026
Abramsky, Samson; Winschel, Viktor
2017
The quantum monad on relational structures. Zbl 1441.68055
Abramsky, Samson; Barbosa, Rui Soares; de Silva, Nadish; Zapata, Octavio
2017
A complete characterization of all-versus-nothing arguments for stabilizer states. Zbl 1404.81022
Abramsky, Samson; Soares Barbosa, Rui; Carù, Giovanni; Perdrix, Simon
2017
The pebbling comonad in finite model theory. Zbl 1452.03083
Abramsky, Samson; Dawar, Anuj; Wang, Pengming
2017
Operational theories and categorical quantum mechanics. Zbl 1355.81028
Abramsky, Samson; Heunen, Chris
2016
Dependence logic. Theory and applications. Selected papers based on the presentations at the Dagstuhl seminar on ‘Dependence logic: theory and applications’, Wadern, Germany, February 2013. Zbl 1348.03004
2016
Hardy is (almost) everywhere: nonlocality without inequalities for almost all entangled multipartite states. Zbl 1353.81024
Abramsky, Samson; Constantin, Carmen M.; Ying, Shenggang
2016
Contextuality, cohomology and paradox. Zbl 1373.03048
Abramsky, Samson; Barbosa, Rui Soares; Kishida, Kohei; Lal, Raymond; Mansfield, Shane
2015
From Lawvere to Brandenburger-Keisler: interactive forms of diagonalization and self-reference. Zbl 1328.03013
Abramsky, Samson; Zvesper, Jonathan
2015
Games for dependent types. Zbl 1395.68177
2015
An operational interpretation of negative probabilities and no-signalling models. Zbl 1415.81009
2014
Intensionality, definability and computation. Zbl 1344.03003
Abramsky, Samson
2014
Semantic unification. A sheaf theoretic approach to natural language. Zbl 1285.03021
2014
Relational hidden variables and non-locality. Zbl 1278.81101
Abramsky, Samson
2013
Relational databases and Bell’s theorem. Zbl 1397.68041
Abramsky, Samson
2013
Coalgebras, Chu spaces, and representations of physical systems. Zbl 1270.81040
Abramsky, Samson
2013
$$H^\ast$$-algebras and nonunital Frobenius algebras: first steps in infinite-dimensional categorical quantum mechanics. Zbl 1267.18007
Abramsky, Samson; Heunen, Chris
2012
Big toy models. Representing physical systems as Chu spaces. Zbl 1275.81008
Abramsky, Samson
2012
The cohomology of non-locality and contextuality. Zbl 1464.81012
Abramsky, Samson; Mansfield, Shane; Soares Barbosa, Rui
2012
From Lawvere to Brandenburger-Keisler: interactive forms of diagonalization and self-reference. Zbl 1328.03012
Abramsky, Samson; Zvesper, Jonathan
2012
The sheaf-theoretic structure of non-locality and contextuality. Zbl 1448.81028
2011
Introduction to categories and categorical logic. Zbl 1217.18001
Abramsky, S.; Tzevelekos, N.
2011
No-cloning in categorical quantum mechanics. Zbl 1192.81013
Abramsky, Samson
2010
Categorical quantum mechanics. Zbl 1273.81014
Abramsky, Samson; Coecke, Bob
2009
From IF to BI. A tale of dependence and separation. Zbl 1175.03016
Abramsky, Samson; Väänänen, Jouko
2009
Game semantics for access control. Zbl 1337.68157
2009
Temperley-Lieb algebra: from knot theory to logic and computation via quantum mechanics. Zbl 1135.81006
Abramsky, Samson
2008
Petri nets, discrete physics, and distributed quantum computation. Zbl 1143.68468
Abramsky, Samson
2008
A compositional game semantics for multi-agent logics of partial information. Zbl 1196.68241
Abramsky, Samson
2007
A categorical quantum logic. Zbl 1099.03059
Abramsky, Samson; Duncan, Ross
2006
What are the fundamental structures of concurrency? We still don’t know! Zbl 1315.68188
Abramsky, Samson
2006
A Cook’s tour of the finitary non-well-founded sets. Zbl 1279.03073
Abramsky, Samson
2005
A structural approach to reversible computation. Zbl 1081.68019
Abramsky, Samson
2005
Abstract physical traces. Zbl 1065.18005
Abramsky, Samson; Coecke, Bob
2005
Abstract scalars, loops, and free traced and strongly compact closed categories. Zbl 1151.81002
Abramsky, Samson
2005
Linear realizability and full completeness for typed lambda-calculi. Zbl 1064.03012
Abramsky, Samson; Lenisa, Marina
2005
A game semantics for generic polymorphism. Zbl 1066.68074
2005
Applying game semantics to compositional software modeling and verification. Zbl 1126.68343
Abramsky, Samson; Ghica, Dan R.; Murawski, Andrzej S.; Ong, C.-H. Luke
2004
Sequentiality vs. concurrency in games and logic. Zbl 1129.03014
Abramsky, Samson
2003
A game semantics for generic polymorphism. Zbl 1029.68038
2003
Physical traces: quantum vs. classical information processing. Zbl 1270.68182
Abramsky, Samson; Coecke, Bob
2003
Geometry of interaction and linear combinatory algebras. Zbl 1014.03056
Abramsky, Samson; Haghverdi, Esfandiar; Scott, Philip
2002
Algorithmic game semantics. A tutorial introduction. Zbl 1097.68574
Abramsky, Samson
2002
A fully abstract denotational semantics for the calculus of higher-order communicating systems. Zbl 0974.68109
Thomsen, B.; Abramsky, S.
2001
Fully complete minimal PER models for the simply typed $$\lambda$$-calculus. Zbl 0999.03010
Abramsky, Samson; Lenisa, Marina
2001
Full abstraction for PCF. Zbl 1006.68028
2000
A fully complete PER model for ML polymorphic types. Zbl 0973.03015
Abramsky, Samson; Lenisa, Marina
2000
Axiomatizing fully complete models for ML polymorphic types. Zbl 0996.03041
Abramsky, Samson; Lenisa, Marina
2000
Process realizability. Zbl 0995.68064
Abramsky, Samson
2000
Game semantics. Zbl 0961.68080
Abramsky, Samson; McCusker, Guy
1999
Nuclear and trace ideals in tensored $$^*$$-categories. Zbl 0946.18004
Abramsky, Samson; Blute, Richard; Panangaden, Prakash
1999
Full abstraction for idealized Algol with passive expressions. Zbl 0954.68028
Abramsky, Samson; McCusker, Guy
1999
A specification structure for deadlock-freedom of synchronous processes. Zbl 0932.68061
Abramsky, S.; Gay, S. J.; Nagarajan, R.
1999
Call-by-value games. Zbl 0908.03035
Abramsky, Samson; McCusker, Guy
1998
Semantics of interaction: An introduction to game semantics. Zbl 0938.91500
Abramsky, Samson
1997
Specifying interaction categories. Zbl 0884.18008
Pavlović, D.; Abramsky, S.
1997
A type-theoretic approach to deadlock-freedom of asynchronous systems. Zbl 0882.18002
Abramsky, Samson; Gay, Simon; Nagarajan, Rajagopal
1997
Linearity, sharing and state: A fully abstract games semantics for idealized Algol with active expressions. (Extended abstract). Zbl 0909.68029
Abramsky, Samson; McCusker, Guy
1996
Interaction categories and the foundations of typed concurrent programming. Zbl 0934.18007
Abramsky, Samson; Gay, Simon; Nagarajan, Rajagopal
1996
Games for recursive types. Zbl 0840.03054
Abramsky, Samson; McCusker, Guy
1995
Handbook of logic in computer science. Vol. 4: Semantic modelling. Zbl 0876.68001
1995
Games and full completeness for multiplicative linear logic. Zbl 0822.03007
1994
Full abstraction for PCF. Zbl 0942.68615
1994
Proofs as processes. Zbl 0850.68297
Abramsky, Samson
1994
New foundations for the geometry of interaction. Zbl 0803.03014
1994
Handbook of logic in computer science. Vol. 3: Semantic structures. Zbl 0829.68111
1994
Computational interpretations of linear logic. Zbl 0791.03003
Abramsky, Samson
1993
Quantales, observational logic and process semantics. Zbl 0823.06011
Abramsky, Samson; Vickers, Steven
1993
Full abstraction in the lazy lambda calculus. Zbl 0779.03003
Abramsky, Samson; Ong, C.-H. Luke
1993
An internal language for autonomous categories. Zbl 0806.03044
Mackie, Ian; Román, Leopoldo; Abramsky, Samson
1993
Handbook of logic in computer science. Vol. 2: Background: Computational structures. Zbl 0777.68001
1992
Games and full completeness for multiplicative linear logic. (Extended Abstract). Zbl 0925.03041
1992
Handbook of logic in computer science. Vol. 1: Background: Mathematical structures. Zbl 0806.68003
1992
Domain theory in logical form. Zbl 0737.03006
Abramsky, Samson
1991
A domain equation for bisimulation. Zbl 0718.68057
Abramsky, Samson
1991
Abstract interpretation, logical relations, and Kan extensions. Zbl 0727.03020
Abramsky, Samson
1990
Mixed computation of Prolog programs. Zbl 0654.68021
Fuller, David A.; Abramsky, Samson
1988
Observation equivalence as a testing equivalence. Zbl 0626.68016
Abramsky, Samson
1987
Strictness analysis for higher-order functions. Zbl 0603.68013
Burn, Geoffrey L.; Hankin, Chris; Abramsky, Samson
1986
The theory of strictness analysis for higher order functions. Zbl 0596.68009
Burn, G. L.; Hankin, C. L.; Abramsky, S.
1986
Strictness analysis and polymorphic invariance. Zbl 0624.68034
Abramsky, Samson
1986
Category theory and computer programming. Tutorial and Workshop, Guildford, U.K., September 16-20, 1985. Proceedings. Zbl 0607.00015
1986
On semantic foundations for applicative multiprogramming. Zbl 0538.68064
Abramsky, Samson
1983
Experiments, powerdomains and fully abstract models for applicative multiprogramming. Zbl 0586.68022
Abramsky, Samson
1983
all top 5
#### Cited by 936 Authors
34 Abramsky, Samson 18 Murawski, Andrzej S. 14 Coecke, Bob 13 Dezani-Ciancaglini, Mariangiola 11 Honsell, Furio 10 Heunen, Chris 10 Yoshida, Nobuko 9 Ghica, Dan R. 9 Lenisa, Marina 9 McCusker, Guy Andrew 9 Paolini, Luca 9 Scott, Philip J. 9 Solovyov, Sergey A. 9 Tzevelekos, Nikos 8 Gogioso, Stefano 8 Honda, Kohei 8 Jacobs, Bart 8 Jagadeesan, Radha 8 Mislove, Michael W. 8 Panangaden, Prakash 8 Vicary, Jamie 8 Vickers, Steven 7 Bezhanishvili, Nick 7 de’Liguoro, Ugo 7 Dzhafarov, Ehtibar N. 7 Galliani, Pietro 7 Ingólfsdóttir, Anna 7 Japaridze, Giorgi 7 Jung, Achim 7 Klop, Jan Willem 7 Winskel, Glynn 7 Zhao, Bin 6 Aceto, Luca 6 Alessi, Fabio 6 Blute, Richard F. 6 Clairambault, Pierre 6 Kurz, Alexander 6 Mackie, Ian 6 Melliès, Paul-André 6 Plotkin, Gordon D. 6 Rosenthal, Kimmo I. 6 Ulidowski, Irek 6 Yang, Fan 5 Berger, Martin J. 5 Bezhanishvili, Guram 5 Curien, Pierre-Louis 5 Doberkat, Ernst-Erich 5 Ehrhard, Thomas 5 Han, Shengwei 5 Hasegawa, Masahito 5 Laird, James D. 5 Li, Qingguo 5 Moshier, M. Andrew 5 Paseka, Jan 5 Pavlović, Duško 5 Phillips, Iain W. 5 Piccolo, Mauro 5 Resende, Pedro 5 Ronchi Della Rocca, Simona 5 Sadrzadeh, Mehrnoosh 5 Scedrov, Andre 5 van Benthem, Johan F. A. K. 4 Alves, Sandra 4 Barbanera, Franco 4 Carù, Giovanni 4 Cervesato, Iliano 4 Ciardelli, Ivano A. 4 de Paiva, Valeria 4 de Vries, Fer-Jan J. 4 Fiore, Marcelo P. 4 Florido, Mário 4 Fu, Yuxi 4 Gehrke, Mai 4 Haghverdi, Esfandiar 4 Hasuo, Ichiro 4 Hennessy, Matthew C. B. 4 Hötzel Escardó, Martín 4 Kissinger, Aleks 4 Kontinen, Juha 4 Kujala, Janne V. 4 Malacaria, Pasquale 4 Nielson, Flemming 4 Power, John 4 Pym, David J. 4 Santocanale, Luigi 4 Saurin, Alexis 4 Schmidt, David A. 4 Soares Barbosa, Rui 4 van Bakel, Steffen 4 Wang, Longchun 4 Worrell, James B. 3 Axelsen, Holger Bock 3 Baltag, Alexandru 3 Başkent, Can 3 Bernardo, Marco 3 Bloom, Bard 3 Bonsangue, Marcello Maria 3 Bucciarelli, Antonio 3 Chen, Yixiang 3 Cho, Kenta ...and 836 more Authors
all top 5
#### Cited in 111 Serials
185 Theoretical Computer Science 68 Information and Computation 62 Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 46 MSCS. Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 17 Logical Methods in Computer Science 14 Fuzzy Sets and Systems 14 Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra 11 Foundations of Physics 10 Acta Informatica 10 Studia Logica 10 Synthese 10 Formal Aspects of Computing 10 Applied Categorical Structures 10 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. A. Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 9 Journal of Functional Programming 9 The Journal of Logic and Algebraic Programming 7 International Journal of Theoretical Physics 7 Journal of Mathematical Psychology 7 Journal of Logic, Language and Information 7 Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming 6 Information Processing Letters 6 Journal of Mathematical Physics 6 Journal of Computer and System Sciences 6 Journal of Philosophical Logic 6 The Journal of Symbolic Logic 6 Topology and its Applications 6 The Bulletin of Symbolic Logic 6 Quantum Information Processing 5 Cahiers de Topologie et Géométrie Différentielle Catégoriques 4 Semigroup Forum 4 Soft Computing 4 Journal of Applied Logic 3 Communications in Algebra 3 Communications in Mathematical Physics 3 Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 3 RAIRO. Informatique Théorique et Applications 3 Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics 3 RAIRO. Theoretical Informatics and Applications 2 Computers & Mathematics with Applications 2 Advances in Mathematics 2 Journal of Algebra 2 New Generation Computing 2 International Journal of Approximate Reasoning 2 International Journal of Algebra and Computation 2 International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 2 Journal of Knot Theory and its Ramifications 2 Cybernetics and Systems Analysis 2 Formal Methods in System Design 2 Theory and Applications of Categories 2 Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence 2 Theory of Computing Systems 2 Higher-Order and Symbolic Computation 2 LMS Journal of Computation and Mathematics 2 Computer Languages, Systems & Structures 2 RAIRO. Theoretical Informatics and Applications 1 Artificial Intelligence 1 Lithuanian Mathematical Journal 1 The Mathematical Gazette 1 Nuclear Physics. B 1 Journal of Geometry and Physics 1 The Mathematical Intelligencer 1 Information Sciences 1 Kybernetika 1 Mathematica Slovaca 1 Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 1 Programming and Computer Software 1 Science of Computer Programming 1 Mathematical Social Sciences 1 History and Philosophy of Logic 1 Journal of Computer Science and Technology 1 International Journal of Parallel Programming 1 Journal of Automated Reasoning 1 International Journal of Computer Mathematics 1 Distributed Computing 1 Archive for Mathematical Logic 1 Indagationes Mathematicae. New Series 1 Topology Proceedings 1 Turkish Journal of Mathematics 1 Selecta Mathematica. New Series 1 Topoi 1 Journal of the ACM 1 New Journal of Physics 1 Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 1 International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 1 Fundamenta Informaticae 1 Journal of High Energy Physics 1 Annales Henri Poincaré 1 International Game Theory Review 1 Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society 1 Logic and Logical Philosophy 1 Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing 1 Cahiers de Topologie et Géométrie Différentielle Catégoriques 1 Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems 1 Computational Intelligence 1 Journal of Algebra and its Applications 1 International Journal of Quantum Information 1 Iranian Journal of Fuzzy Systems 1 Logica Universalis 1 Journal of Homotopy and Related Structures 1 São Paulo Journal of Mathematical Sciences ...and 11 more Serials
all top 5
#### Cited in 42 Fields
561 Computer science (68-XX) 428 Mathematical logic and foundations (03-XX) 169 Category theory; homological algebra (18-XX) 126 Quantum theory (81-XX) 107 Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures (06-XX) 81 Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences (91-XX) 39 General topology (54-XX) 21 Functional analysis (46-XX) 16 General algebraic systems (08-XX) 14 Group theory and generalizations (20-XX) 13 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 10 Information and communication theory, circuits (94-XX) 9 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 9 Associative rings and algebras (16-XX) 8 Statistics (62-XX) 6 Combinatorics (05-XX) 6 Algebraic topology (55-XX) 5 Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory (15-XX) 5 Topological groups, Lie groups (22-XX) 4 Measure and integration (28-XX) 4 Operator theory (47-XX) 4 Manifolds and cell complexes (57-XX) 4 Relativity and gravitational theory (83-XX) 3 History and biography (01-XX) 3 Number theory (11-XX) 3 Commutative algebra (13-XX) 3 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 3 Dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-XX) 3 Global analysis, analysis on manifolds (58-XX) 2 Nonassociative rings and algebras (17-XX) 2 $$K$$-theory (19-XX) 2 Convex and discrete geometry (52-XX) 2 Differential geometry (53-XX) 2 Biology and other natural sciences (92-XX) 1 Algebraic geometry (14-XX) 1 Real functions (26-XX) 1 Ordinary differential equations (34-XX) 1 Geometry (51-XX) 1 Numerical analysis (65-XX) 1 Mechanics of particles and systems (70-XX) 1 Statistical mechanics, structure of matter (82-XX) 1 Mathematics education (97-XX)
#### Wikidata Timeline
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https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai%3Ahale.jack-k
|
zbMATH — the first resource for mathematics
Hale, Jack Kenneth
Compute Distance To:
Author ID: hale.jack-k Published as: Hale, J.; Hale, J. K.; Hale, Jack; Hale, Jack K. External Links: MGP · Wikidata · dblp · GND
Documents Indexed: 242 Publications since 1954, including 26 Books Reviewing Activity: 3 Reviews Biographic References: 7 Publications
all top 5
Co-Authors
108 single-authored 17 Raugel, Geneviève 10 Chow, Shui-Nee 8 Verduyn Lunel, Sjoerd M. 7 Huang, Wenzhang 5 LaSalle, Joseph Pierre 5 Lin, Xiaobiao 4 Cruz, Marianito A. 4 Rocha, Carlos 4 Stokes, Arnold P. 3 Cesari, Lamberto 3 Fusco, Giorgio 3 Magalhães, Luis T. 3 Mallet-Paret, John Joseph 3 Muniz Oliva, Waldyr 3 Sakamoto, Kunimochi 3 Táboas, Plácido Zoega 2 Arrieta, José M. 2 Chen, Xu-Yan 2 Cholewa, Jan W. 2 De Oliveira, Jose Carlos Fernandes 2 Fan, Haitao 2 Infante, Ettore F. 2 Ladeira, Luiz A. C. 2 Lopes, Orlando Francisco 2 Martinez-Amores, Pedro 2 Nolasco de Carvalho, Alexandre 2 Peletier, Lambertus Adrianus 2 Seifert, George 2 Troy, William C. 2 Wiener, Joseph 1 Afraimovich, Valentin S. 1 Bancroft, Stephen 1 Carr, Jack 1 Chen, Mingxiang 1 Chipot, Michel 1 Galves, A. P. T. 1 Gambill, Robert A. 1 González, José Domingo Salazar 1 Graef, John R. 1 Han, Qing 1 Imaz, Carlos 1 Ivanov, Anatoli F. 1 Izé, A. F. 1 Kato, Junji 1 Kocak, Huseyin 1 Massatt, Paul 1 Mawhin, Jean L. 1 Meyer, Kenneth R. 1 Onuchic, Nelson 1 Pavlu, Luiz Carlos 1 Perelló, Carles 1 Perissinotto, Anizio jun. 1 Rodringues, Hildebrando M. 1 Rodriques, Hildebrando M. 1 Rybakowski, Krzysztof P. 1 Salazar, Domingo 1 Scheurle, Jürgen 1 Slemrod, Marshall 1 Somolinos, Alfredo S. 1 Spezamiglio, Adalberto 1 Stavrakakis, Nikolaos M. 1 Sternberg, Natalia 1 Sweet, Daniel 1 Tan, Bin 1 Tanaka, Sueli M. 1 Tsen, Fu-Shiang Peter 1 Vegas, José Manuel 1 Waltman, Paul Elvis 1 Wang, Xiaodong 1 Weedermann, Marion 1 Xun, Jianping 1 Zhang, Weinian
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Serials
26 Journal of Differential Equations 13 Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 9 Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis 9 Nonlinear Analysis. Theory, Methods & Applications 7 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section A. Mathematics 7 Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations 5 Applied Mathematical Sciences 4 Boletín de la Sociedad Matemática Mexicana. Segunda Serie 4 SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis 4 Rivista di Matematica della Università di Parma 3 Applicable Analysis 3 Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata. Serie Quarta 3 Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série 3 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 3 Resenhas do Instituto do Matemática e Estatística da Universidade de São Paulo 2 ZAMP. Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 2 Funkcialaj Ekvacioj. Serio Internacia 2 Illinois Journal of Mathematics 2 Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 2 Tohoku Mathematical Journal. Second Series 2 Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 2 Dynamic Systems and Applications 2 Annals of Mathematics Studies 1 Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 1 International Journal of Systems Science 1 Journal of Computational Physics 1 Journal of Mathematical Biology 1 Journal of Mathematical Physics 1 Revue Roumaine de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées 1 Ukraïns’kyĭ Matematychnyĭ Zhurnal 1 Mathematics of Computation 1 Acta Mexicana de Ciencia y Tecnologia 1 Applied Mathematics and Computation 1 Hiroshima Mathematical Journal 1 Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society 1 Quarterly of Applied Mathematics 1 Rendiconti del Circolo Matemàtico di Palermo. Serie II 1 Physica D 1 RAIRO. Modélisation Mathématique et Analyse Numérique 1 Japan Journal of Applied Mathematics 1 IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information 1 Applied Mathematics Letters 1 CWI Quarterly 1 Journal of Integral Equations and Applications 1 Communications in Partial Differential Equations 1 SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics 1 SIAM Review 1 The Canadian Applied Mathematics Quarterly 1 Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. Universitatis Iagellonicae Acta Mathematica 1 Dynamics of Continuous, Discrete and Impulsive Systems 1 Revista Matemática Complutense 1 Annals of Mathematics. Second Series 1 Dynamics of Continuous, Discrete & Impulsive Systems. Series A. Mathematical Analysis 1 Bollettino della Unione Matematica Italiana. Series IV 1 Journal of Mathematics and Mechanics 1 Contemporary Mathematics 1 Fields Institute Communications 1 Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften 1 Mathematical Surveys and Monographs 1 NATO ASI Series. Series F. Computer and Systems Sciences 1 Regional Conference Series in Mathematics 1 Texts in Applied Mathematics 1 Journal of Fixed Point Theory and Applications 1 Journal of Rational Mechanics and Analysis 1 Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 1 Abhandlungen der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Klasse für Mathematik, Physik und Technik
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Fields
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Citations contained in zbMATH
223 Publications have been cited 14,572 times in 10,717 Documents Cited by Year
Introduction to functional differential equations. Zbl 0787.34002
Hale, Jack K.; Verduyn Lunel, Sjoerd M.
1993
Theory of functional differential equations. 2nd ed. Zbl 0352.34001
Hale, Jack
1977
Asymptotic behavior of dissipative systems. Zbl 0642.58013
Hale, Jack K.
1988
Ordinary differential equations. Zbl 0186.40901
Hale, Jack K.
1969
Methods of bifurcation theory. Zbl 0487.47039
Chow, Shui-Nee; Hale, Jack K.
1982
Ordinary differential equations. 2nd ed. Zbl 0433.34003
Hale, Jack K.
1980
Some remarks on averaging and integral manifolds in evolutionary equations. Zbl 0425.34048
Hale, J. K.
1977
Phase space for retarded equations with infinite delay. Zbl 0383.34055
Hale, Jack K.; Kato, Junji
1978
Functional differential equations. Zbl 0222.34003
Hale, J.
1971
Persistence in infinite-dimensional systems. Zbl 0692.34053
Hale, Jack K.; Waltman, Paul
1989
Dynamics and bifurcations. Zbl 0745.58002
Hale, Jack K.; Koçak, Hüseyin
1991
Oscillations in nonlinear systems. Zbl 0115.07401
Hale, J. K.
1963
Dynamical systems and stability. Zbl 0179.13303
Hale, J. K.
1969
An example of bifurcation to homoclinic orbits. Zbl 0439.34035
Chow, Shui-Nee; Hale, Jack K.; Mallet-Paret, John
1980
Slow-motion manifolds, dormant instability, and singular perturbations. Zbl 0684.34055
Fusco, G.; Hale, J. K.
1989
Competition for fluctuating nutrient. Zbl 0525.92024
Hale, J. K.; Somolinos, A. S.
1983
Forward and backward continuation for neutral functional differential equations. Zbl 0213.36901
Hale, J. K.
1971
Geometric theory of functional-differential equations. Zbl 0189.39904
Hale, J. K.
1967
Existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence for hereditary systems. Zbl 0194.41002
Hale, J. K.; Cruz, M. A.
1970
A damped hyperbolic equation with critical exponent. Zbl 0815.35067
Arrieta, José; Carvalho, Alexandre N.; Hale, Jack K.
1992
Reaction-diffusion equation on thin domains. Zbl 0840.35044
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1992
A class of functional equations of neutral type. Zbl 0179.20501
Hale, Jack K.; Meyer, Kenneth R.
1967
Upper semicontinuity of the attractor for a singularly perturbed hyperbolic equation. Zbl 0666.35012
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1988
Stability in linear delay equations. Zbl 0569.34061
Hale, Jack K.; Infante, Ettore F.; Tsen, Fu-Shiang Peter
1985
Stability of functional differential equations of neutral type. Zbl 0191.38901
Cruz, Marianito A.; Hale, J. K.
1970
Theory of functional differential equations. Transl. from the English. Zbl 1092.34500
Hale, Jack
1984
Sufficient conditions for stability and instability of autonomous functional-differential equations. Zbl 0135.30301
Hale, J. K.
1965
Partial neutral functional differential equations. Zbl 0817.35119
Hale, Jack K.
1994
Strong stabilization of neutral functional differential equations. Zbl 1005.93026
Hale, Jack K.; Verduyn Lunel, Sjoerd M.
2002
Integral manifolds of perturbed differential systems. Zbl 0163.32804
Hale, J. K.
1961
Convergence in gradient-like systems with applications to PDE. Zbl 0751.58033
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1992
Coincidence degree and periodic solutions of neutral equations. Zbl 0274.34070
Hale, Jack K.; Mawhin, J.
1974
Upper semicontinuity of attractors for approximations of semigroups and partial differential equations. Zbl 0666.35013
Hale, Jack K.; Lin, Xiao-Biao; Raugel, Geneviève
1988
An introduction to infinite dimensional dynamical systems - geometric theory. With an append. by Krzysztof P. Rybakowski. Zbl 0533.58001
Hale, Jack K.; Magalhães, Luis T.; Oliva, Waldyr M.
1984
Lower semicontinuity of attractors of gradient systems and applications. Zbl 0712.47053
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1989
Alternative problems for nonlinear functional equations. Zbl 0159.20001
Bancroft, Stephen; Hale, Jack K.; Sweet, Daniel
1968
Global geometry of the stable regions for two delay differential equations. Zbl 0787.34062
Hale, Jack K.; Huang, Wenzhang
1993
Fixed point theorems and dissipative processes. Zbl 0256.34069
Hale, Jack K.; Lopes, Orlando
1973
Attracting manifolds for evolutionary equations. Zbl 1098.34552
Hale, Jack K.
1997
Dynamics in infinite dimensions. Appendix by Krzysztof P. Rybakowski. 2nd ed. Zbl 1002.37002
Hale, Jack K.; Magalhães, Luis T.; Oliva, Waldyr M.
2002
Diffusive coupling, dissipation, and synchronization. Zbl 1091.34532
Hale, Jack K.
1997
Large diffusivity and asymptotic behavior in parabolic systems. Zbl 0602.35059
Hale, Jack K.
1986
Periodic solutions of a class of hyperbolic equations containing a small parameter. Zbl 0152.10002
Hale, J. K.
1967
Averaging methods for differential equations with retarded arguments and a small parameter. Zbl 0151.10302
Hale, J. K.
1966
Asymptotic behaviour and dynamics in infinite dimensions. Zbl 0653.35006
Hale, J. K.
1985
A damped hyperbolic equation on thin domains. Zbl 0761.35052
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1992
Heteroclinic orbits for retarded functional differential equations. Zbl 0611.34074
Hale, Jack K.; Lin, X.-B.
1986
A nonlinear parabolic equation with varying domain. Zbl 0569.35048
Hale, Jack K.; Vegas, Jose
1984
Synchronization in lattices of coupled oscillators. Zbl 1194.34056
Afraimovich, V. S.; Chow, S.-N.; Hale, J. K.
1997
Applications of generic bifurcation. I. Zbl 0328.47036
Chow, Shui-Nee; Hale, Jack K.; Mallet-Paret, John
1975
Functional differential equations with infinite delays. Zbl 0289.34107
Hale, Jack K.
1974
Existence and stability of transition layers. Zbl 0669.34027
Hale, Jack K.; Sakamoto, Kunimochi
1988
On the behavior of the solutions of linear periodic differential systems near resonance points. Zbl 0117.30403
Hale, J. K.
1960
Invariant foliations for $$C^1$$ semigroups in Banach spaces. Zbl 0994.34047
Chen, Xu-Yan; Hale, Jack K.; Tan, Bin
1997
Abelian integrals and bifurcation theory. Zbl 0587.34033
Carr, Jack; Chow, Shui-Nee; Hale, Jack K.
1985
Exact homoclinic and heteroclinic solutions of the Gray-Scott model for autocatalysis. Zbl 0965.34037
Hale, J. K.; Peletier, L. A.; Troy, W. C.
2000
Generic bifurcation with applications. Zbl 0382.34013
Hale, J. K.
1977
Periodic and almost periodic solutions of functional-differential equations. Zbl 0129.06006
Hale, J. K.
1964
Shadow systems and attractors in reaction-diffusion equations. Zbl 0667.34072
Hale, Jack K.; Sakamoto, K.
1989
Interaction of damping and forcing in a second order equation. Zbl 0369.34014
Hale, Jack K.; Taboas, Placido Z.
1978
Linear functional-differential equations with constant coefficients. Zbl 0143.30702
Hale, J. K.
1963
Stability and control of feedback systems with time delays. Zbl 1052.93028
Hale, J. K.; Verduyn Lunel, S. M.
2003
Averaging in infinite dimensions. Zbl 0755.45012
Hale, Jack K.; Verduyn Lunel, Sjoerd M.
1990
Symbolic dynamics and nonlinear semiflows. Zbl 0632.58027
Hale, Jack K.; Lin, Xiao-Biao
1986
Stable equilibria in a scalar parabolic equation with variable diffusion. Zbl 0597.35040
Fusco, G.; Hale, J. K.
1985
Applications of generic bifurcation. II. Zbl 0346.47050
Chow, Shui-Nee; Hale, Jack K.; Mallet-Paret, John
1976
Critical cases for neutral functional differential equations. Zbl 0223.34057
Hale, Jack K.
1971
The neighborhood of a singular point of functional differential equations. Zbl 0136.07901
Hale, J. K.; Perello, C.
1964
Coupled oscillators on a circle. Zbl 0857.35127
Hale, Jack K.
1994
Structural stability for time-periodic one-dimensional parabolic equations. Zbl 0779.35061
Chen, Mingxiang; Chen, Xu-Yan; Hale, Jack K.
1992
Partial differential equations on thin domains. Zbl 0785.35050
Hale, J. K.; Raugel, G.
1992
Lower semicontinuity of the attractor for a singularly perturbed hyperbolic equation. Zbl 0752.35034
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1990
Onset of chaos in differential delay equations. Zbl 0644.65050
Hale, Jack K.; Sternberg, Natalia
1988
Flows on centre manifolds for scalar functional differential equations. Zbl 0582.34058
Hale, Jack K.
1985
Theory of a general class of dissipative processes. Zbl 0238.34098
Hale, J. K.; LaSalle, J. P.; Slemrod, Marshall
1972
Asymptotic behavior of neutral functional differential equations. Zbl 0211.12301
Hale, J. K.; Cruz, M. A.
1969
Attractors for dissipative evolutionary equations. Zbl 0938.34536
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1993
On the asymptotic behavior of solutions of a class of differential equations. Zbl 0135.30002
Hale, J. K.; Onuchic, N.
1963
Strongly limit-compact maps. Zbl 0297.47048
Chow, Shui-Nee; Hale, Jack K.
1974
Large diffusion with dispersion. Zbl 0781.35028
Carvalho, Alexandre N.; Hale, Jack K.
1991
Stability in neutral equations. Zbl 0359.34070
Hale, Jack K.; Martinez-Amores, Pedro
1977
Extended dynamical systems and stability theory. Zbl 0155.42301
Hale, J. K.; Infante, E. F.
1967
Regularity, determining modes and Galerkin methods. Zbl 1043.35048
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
2003
Effects of small delays on stability and control. Zbl 0983.34070
Hale, Jack K.; Verduyn Lunel, Sjoerd M.
2001
Stability and instability in the Gray-Scott model: The case of equal diffusivities. Zbl 0936.92034
Hale, J. K.; Peletier, L. A.; Troy, W. C.
1999
A reaction-diffusion equation on a thin $$L$$-shaped domain. Zbl 0828.35055
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1995
The effect of rapid oscillations in the dynamics of delay equations. Zbl 0751.34037
Hale, Jack K.; Verduyn Lunel, Sjoerd M.
1991
Eigenvalue problems for nonsmoothly perturbed domains. Zbl 0736.35073
Arrieta, José M.; Hale, Jack K.; Han, Qing
1991
Bifurcation from simple eigenvalues for several parameter families. Zbl 0383.34050
Hale, Jack K.
1978
Period doubling in singularly perturbed delay equations. Zbl 0817.34040
Hale, Jack K.; Huang, Wenzhang
1994
Large-time behavior in inhomogeneous conservation laws. Zbl 0807.35085
Fan, Haitao; Hale, Jack K.
1993
From sine waves to square waves in delay equations. Zbl 0764.34048
Chow, S.-N.; Hale, J. K.; Huang, W.
1992
Functional differential equations. Zbl 0222.34063
Hale, Jack K.
1971
Varying boundary conditions with large diffusivity. Zbl 0557.35078
Hale, Jack K.; Rocha, Carlos
1987
Dynamic behavior from bifurcation equations. Zbl 0454.34035
De Oliveira, Jose C. Fernandes; Hale, Jack K.
1980
Periodic solutions of autonomous equations. Zbl 0397.34091
Chow, Shui-Nee; Hale, Jack K.
1978
Behavior near constant solutions of functional differential equations. Zbl 0273.34049
Hale, Jack K.
1974
Behavior of solutions near integral manifolds. Zbl 0093.08903
Hale, J. K.; Stokes, A. P.
1960
Interaction of diffusion and boundary conditions. Zbl 0661.35047
Hale, Jack K.; Rocha, Carlos
1987
Asymptotic behavior of gradient-like systems. Zbl 0542.34027
Hale, Jack K.; Massatt, Paul
1982
Persistence of periodic orbits for perturbed dissipative dynamical systems. Zbl 1263.35016
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
2012
A modified Poincaré method for the persistence of periodic orbits and applications. Zbl 1189.35018
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
2010
Some results in asymptotic fixed point theory. Zbl 1176.47039
Hale, Jack K.; Lopes, Orlando
2008
From point dissipative to compact dissipative. Addendum to “Some counterexamples in dissipative systems”. Zbl 1110.37059
Cholewa, J. W.; Hale, J. K.
2007
History of delay equations. Zbl 1130.34037
Hale, J. K.
2006
Dissipation and compact attractors. Zbl 1119.37046
Hale, Jack K.
2006
Eigenvalues and perturbed domains. Zbl 1099.35068
Hale, J. K.
2005
A Lyapunov-Schmidt method for transition layers in reaction-diffusion systems. Zbl 1093.35006
Hale, Jack K.; Sakamoto, Kunimochi
2005
Stability and gradient dynamical systems. Zbl 1070.37055
Hale, Jack K.
2004
On perturbations of delay-differential equations with periodic orbits. Zbl 1071.34074
Hale, Jack K.; Weedermann, Marion
2004
On uniformity of exponential dichotomies for delay equations. Zbl 1063.34051
Hale, Jack K.; Zhang, Weinian
2004
Stability and control of feedback systems with time delays. Zbl 1052.93028
Hale, J. K.; Verduyn Lunel, S. M.
2003
Regularity, determining modes and Galerkin methods. Zbl 1043.35048
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
2003
Strong stabilization of neutral functional differential equations. Zbl 1005.93026
Hale, Jack K.; Verduyn Lunel, Sjoerd M.
2002
Dynamics in infinite dimensions. Appendix by Krzysztof P. Rybakowski. 2nd ed. Zbl 1002.37002
Hale, Jack K.; Magalhães, Luis T.; Oliva, Waldyr M.
2002
Bifurcation from families of periodic solutions. Zbl 1071.70014
Hale, Jack K.; Táboas, Plácido
2002
Effects of small delays on stability and control. Zbl 0983.34070
Hale, Jack K.; Verduyn Lunel, Sjoerd M.
2001
On monodromy matrix computation. Zbl 0982.70004
Wang, Xiaodong; Hale, Jack K.
2001
Some problems in FDE. Zbl 0984.34061
Hale, Jack K.
2001
Attractors and dynamics in partial differential equations. Zbl 1004.37062
Hale, Jack K.
2001
Exact homoclinic and heteroclinic solutions of the Gray-Scott model for autocatalysis. Zbl 0965.34037
Hale, J. K.; Peletier, L. A.; Troy, W. C.
2000
Square and pulse waves with two delays. Zbl 0949.34062
Hale, J. K.; Tanaka, S. M.
2000
Some counterexamples in dissipative systems. Zbl 0983.37094
Cholewa, J. W.; Hale, J. K.
2000
Effects of time delays on the dynamics of feedback systems. Zbl 0979.34054
Hale, Jack K.; Verduyn Lunel, Sjoerd M.
2000
Stability and instability in the Gray-Scott model: The case of equal diffusivities. Zbl 0936.92034
Hale, J. K.; Peletier, L. A.; Troy, W. C.
1999
Multiple internal layer solutions generated by spatially oscillatory perturbations. Zbl 0978.35019
Hale, Jack K.; Lin, Xiao-Biao
1999
Attractors of some reaction diffusion problems. Zbl 0937.35091
Hale, Jack K.; González, José Domingo Salazar
1999
Boundary layers in a semilinear parabolic problem. Zbl 0954.35086
Hale, Jack K.; Salazar, Domingo
1999
Dynamics of a scalar parabolic equation. Zbl 0979.35069
Hale, Jack K.
1999
Synchronization by diffusive coupling. Zbl 1002.34035
Hale, Jack K.
1998
Dynamics of numerical approximations. Zbl 0911.65063
Hale, Jack K.
1998
Attracting manifolds for evolutionary equations. Zbl 1098.34552
Hale, Jack K.
1997
Diffusive coupling, dissipation, and synchronization. Zbl 1091.34532
Hale, Jack K.
1997
Synchronization in lattices of coupled oscillators. Zbl 1194.34056
Afraimovich, V. S.; Chow, S.-N.; Hale, J. K.
1997
Invariant foliations for $$C^1$$ semigroups in Banach spaces. Zbl 0994.34047
Chen, Xu-Yan; Hale, Jack K.; Tan, Bin
1997
Dynamics of a scalar parabolic equation. Zbl 0924.35002
Hale, Jack K.
1997
Periodic solutions of singularly perturbed delay equations. Zbl 0841.34080
Hale, Jack K.; Huang, Wenzhang
1996
Traveling waves as limits of solutions on bounded domains. Zbl 0874.35008
Fusco, Giorgio; Hale, Jack K.; Xun, Jianping
1996
Hopf bifurcation analysis for hybrid systems. Zbl 0928.34050
Hale, Jack K.; Huang, Wenzhang
1996
A reaction-diffusion equation on a thin $$L$$-shaped domain. Zbl 0828.35055
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1995
Variation of constants for hybrid systems of functional differential equations. Zbl 0830.34055
Hale, Jack K.; Huang, Wenzhang
1995
Attractors in inhomogeneous conservation laws and parabolic regularizations. Zbl 0831.35103
Fan, Haitao; Hale, Jack K.
1995
Effects of delays on dynamics. Zbl 0834.34084
Hale, Jack K.
1995
Partial neutral functional differential equations. Zbl 0817.35119
Hale, Jack K.
1994
Coupled oscillators on a circle. Zbl 0857.35127
Hale, Jack K.
1994
Period doubling in singularly perturbed delay equations. Zbl 0817.34040
Hale, Jack K.; Huang, Wenzhang
1994
Numerical dynamics. Zbl 0808.34061
Hale, Jack K.
1994
Introduction to functional differential equations. Zbl 0787.34002
Hale, Jack K.; Verduyn Lunel, Sjoerd M.
1993
Global geometry of the stable regions for two delay differential equations. Zbl 0787.34062
Hale, Jack K.; Huang, Wenzhang
1993
Attractors for dissipative evolutionary equations. Zbl 0938.34536
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1993
Large-time behavior in inhomogeneous conservation laws. Zbl 0807.35085
Fan, Haitao; Hale, Jack K.
1993
On a high order differential delay equation. Zbl 0774.34053
Hale, Jack K.; Ivanov, Anatoli F.
1993
Global attractor and convergence for one-dimensional semilinear thermoelasticity. Zbl 0776.35004
Hale, Jack K.; Perissinotto, Anizio jun.
1993
Attractors and convergence of PDE on thin L-shaped domains. Zbl 0806.35076
Hale, J. K.; Raugel, G.
1993
Differentiability with respect to delays for a retarded reaction-diffusion equation. Zbl 0811.35060
Hale, Jack K.; Ladeira, Luiz A. C.
1993
Limits of semigroups depending on parameters. Zbl 0863.58046
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1993
Ordinary and delay differential equations 1. Proceedings of the international conference on theory and applications of differential equations, held at the University of Texas-Pan American, Edinburg, TX, USA, on May 15-18, 1991. Zbl 0780.00043
Wiener, Joseph (ed.); Hale, Jack K. (ed.)
1993
A damped hyperbolic equation with critical exponent. Zbl 0815.35067
Arrieta, José; Carvalho, Alexandre N.; Hale, Jack K.
1992
Reaction-diffusion equation on thin domains. Zbl 0840.35044
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1992
Convergence in gradient-like systems with applications to PDE. Zbl 0751.58033
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1992
A damped hyperbolic equation on thin domains. Zbl 0761.35052
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1992
Structural stability for time-periodic one-dimensional parabolic equations. Zbl 0779.35061
Chen, Mingxiang; Chen, Xu-Yan; Hale, Jack K.
1992
Partial differential equations on thin domains. Zbl 0785.35050
Hale, J. K.; Raugel, G.
1992
From sine waves to square waves in delay equations. Zbl 0764.34048
Chow, S.-N.; Hale, J. K.; Huang, W.
1992
Square and pulse waves in matrix delay differential equations. Zbl 0753.34048
Hale, J. K.; Huang, W.
1992
Dynamics and numerics. Zbl 0769.58053
Hale, J. K.
1992
Partial differential equations. Proceedings of the international conference on theory and applications of differential equations held at the University of Texas-Pan American, Edinburg, TX (USA), May 15-18, 1991. Zbl 0785.00039
Wiener, Joseph (ed.); Hale, Jack K. (ed.)
1992
In memoriam Lamberto Cesari (1910-1990). Zbl 0755.01032
Hale, Jack K.
1992
Oscillation and dynamics in delay equations. Proceedings of an AMS special session, held at the 863rd meeting of the American Mathematical Society in San Francisco, CA, USA, on January 16-19, 1991. Zbl 0745.00045
Graef, John R. (ed.); Hale, Jack K. (ed.)
1992
Dynamics and bifurcations. Zbl 0745.58002
Hale, Jack K.; Koçak, Hüseyin
1991
Large diffusion with dispersion. Zbl 0781.35028
Carvalho, Alexandre N.; Hale, Jack K.
1991
The effect of rapid oscillations in the dynamics of delay equations. Zbl 0751.34037
Hale, Jack K.; Verduyn Lunel, Sjoerd M.
1991
Eigenvalue problems for nonsmoothly perturbed domains. Zbl 0736.35073
Arrieta, José M.; Hale, Jack K.; Han, Qing
1991
Differentiability with respect to delays. Zbl 0735.34045
Hale, Jack K.; Ladeira, Luiz A. C.
1991
Dynamics and delays. Zbl 0735.34051
Hale, Jack K.
1991
Averaging in FDE and PDE. Zbl 0796.34030
Hale, Jack K.; Verduyn Lunel, Sjoerd M.
1991
Averaging in infinite dimensions. Zbl 0755.45012
Hale, Jack K.; Verduyn Lunel, Sjoerd M.
1990
Lower semicontinuity of the attractor for a singularly perturbed hyperbolic equation. Zbl 0752.35034
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1990
Persistence in infinite-dimensional systems. Zbl 0692.34053
Hale, Jack K.; Waltman, Paul
1989
Slow-motion manifolds, dormant instability, and singular perturbations. Zbl 0684.34055
Fusco, G.; Hale, J. K.
1989
Lower semicontinuity of attractors of gradient systems and applications. Zbl 0712.47053
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1989
Shadow systems and attractors in reaction-diffusion equations. Zbl 0667.34072
Hale, Jack K.; Sakamoto, K.
1989
Shadow systems for evolutionary equations. Zbl 0692.34052
Hale, Jack K.
1989
Continuity of attractors. Zbl 0687.58021
Raugel, Geneviève; Hale, Jack K.
1989
Asymptotic behavior of dissipative systems. Zbl 0642.58013
Hale, Jack K.
1988
Upper semicontinuity of the attractor for a singularly perturbed hyperbolic equation. Zbl 0666.35012
Hale, Jack K.; Raugel, Geneviève
1988
Upper semicontinuity of attractors for approximations of semigroups and partial differential equations. Zbl 0666.35013
Hale, Jack K.; Lin, Xiao-Biao; Raugel, Geneviève
1988
Existence and stability of transition layers. Zbl 0669.34027
Hale, Jack K.; Sakamoto, Kunimochi
1988
Onset of chaos in differential delay equations. Zbl 0644.65050
Hale, Jack K.; Sternberg, Natalia
1988
Compact attractors for weak dynamical systems. Zbl 0593.58018
Hale, J. K.; Stavrakakis, N.
1988
Varying boundary conditions with large diffusivity. Zbl 0557.35078
Hale, Jack K.; Rocha, Carlos
1987
Interaction of diffusion and boundary conditions. Zbl 0661.35047
Hale, Jack K.; Rocha, Carlos
1987
Asymptotic behavior of gradient dissipative systems. Zbl 0657.35014
Hale, Jack K.
1987
Some examples of infinite dimensional systems. Zbl 0611.34040
Hale, Jack K.
1987
Dynamics of infinite dimensional systems. (Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Dynamics of Infinite Dimensional Systems, held in Lisbon, Portugal, May 19-24, 1986). Zbl 0623.00009
Chow, Shui-Nee (ed.); Hale, Jack K. (ed.)
1987
Large diffusivity and asymptotic behavior in parabolic systems. Zbl 0602.35059
Hale, Jack K.
1986
Heteroclinic orbits for retarded functional differential equations. Zbl 0611.34074
Hale, Jack K.; Lin, X.-B.
1986
Symbolic dynamics and nonlinear semiflows. Zbl 0632.58027
Hale, Jack K.; Lin, Xiao-Biao
1986
Examples of transverse homoclinic orbits in delay equations. Zbl 0613.34060
Hale, Jack K.; Lin, Xiao-Biao
1986
Local flows for functional differential equations. Zbl 0612.34066
Hale, Jack K.
1986
...and 123 more Documents
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Cited by 9,526 Authors
86 Hale, Jack Kenneth 69 Park, Juhyun (Jessie) 62 Xu, Rui 59 Wei, Junjie 54 Wu, Jianhong 53 Ezzinbi, Khalil 52 Zhang, Weinian 49 Zhao, Xiao-Qiang 48 Chen, Lansun 48 Nolasco de Carvalho, Alexandre 47 Zhou, Shengfan 44 Barreira, Luis Manuel 43 Cao, Jinde 43 Valls Anglés, Cláudia 41 Teng, Zhi-dong 40 Liu, Xinzhi 40 Smith, Hal Leslie 39 Huang, Lihong 39 Kloeden, Peter Eris 38 Benchohra, Mouffak 38 Ruan, Shigui 37 Caraballo Garrido, Tomás 37 Ma, Wanbiao 36 Han, Maoan 35 Zanolin, Fabio 33 Yuan, Rong 32 Wang, Bixiang 31 Lu, Kening 31 Zhong, Chengkui 31 Zou, Xingfu 30 Diblík, Josef 29 Chow, Shui-Nee 29 Henríquez, Hernán R. 29 Mao, Xuerong 29 Robinson, James Cooper 28 Elaiw, Ahmed M. 28 Fiedler, Bernold 28 Liu, Bingwen 28 Niculescu, Silviu-Iulian 28 Rodríguez-Bernal, Aníbal 27 Berezansky, Leonid M. 27 Hernández, Eduardo M. 27 Kwon, O. M. 27 Langa, Jose’ Antonio 27 Obaya, Rafael 26 Arrieta, José M. 26 Burton, Theodore Allen 26 Foryś, Urszula 26 Guo, Shangjiang 26 Li, Wan-Tong 26 Liu, Shengqiang 26 Ntouyas, Sotiris K. 26 Pata, Vittorino 26 Song, Xinyu 26 Song, Yongli 25 Gumel, Abba B. 25 Jiang, Weihua 25 Li, Xuezhi 25 Walther, Hans-Otto 25 Zhong, Shou-Ming 24 Adimy, Mostafa 24 Liao, Xiaofeng 24 Lin, Xiaobiao 24 Rocha, Carlos 24 Wang, Jinliang 23 Arino, Ovide 23 Fridman, Emilia 23 Gyori, Istvan 23 Mallet-Paret, John Joseph 23 Rezunenko, Oleksandr V”yacheslavovych 23 Shi, Junping 23 Sugie, Jitsuro 23 Wang, Wendi 22 Agarwal, Ravi P. 22 Braverman, Elena 22 Chen, Yuming 22 Chueshov, Igor’ Dmitrievich 22 Chukwu, Ethelbert Nwakuche 22 Lam, James 22 Sun, Chunyou 22 Yan, Xiangping 22 Zhao, Caidi 21 Akhmet, Marat Ubaydulla 21 Duan, Jinqiao 21 Ge, Weigao 21 Michiels, Wim 21 Takeuchi, Yasuhiro 21 Trofimchuk, Sergei I. 21 Xu, Shengyuan 21 Yan, Zuomao 21 Zhou, Bin 20 Faria, Teresa 20 Kuang, Yang 20 Seifert, George 20 Stamova, Ivanka Milkova 20 Xu, Changjin 19 Fečkan, Michal 19 Magal, Pierre 19 Pepe, Pierdomenico 19 Pham Huu Anh Ngoc ...and 9,426 more Authors
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Cited in 567 Serials
969 Journal of Differential Equations 815 Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 468 Applied Mathematics and Computation 373 Nonlinear Analysis. Theory, Methods & Applications. Series A: Theory and Methods 260 Nonlinear Analysis. Theory, Methods & Applications 252 Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 243 Nonlinear Analysis. Real World Applications 225 Automatica 211 Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations 159 Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 150 Systems & Control Letters 148 Physica D 140 Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. Series B 138 Nonlinear Dynamics 134 Computers & Mathematics with Applications 133 Mathematical Biosciences 127 Advances in Difference Equations 126 Journal of the Franklin Institute 117 Applied Mathematics Letters 116 Mathematical and Computer Modelling 116 International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos in Applied Sciences and Engineering 111 Abstract and Applied Analysis 104 Journal of Mathematical Biology 99 Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 92 Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 91 International Journal of Control 89 Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 85 Applicable Analysis 85 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section A. Mathematics 84 Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis 84 Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems 78 Applied Mathematical Modelling 78 International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control 74 Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 71 Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata. Serie Quarta 71 Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing 63 Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications 59 Physics Letters. A 57 Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics 56 International Journal of Systems Science 56 ZAMP. Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 55 Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 52 Tohoku Mathematical Journal. Second Series 49 Mathematical Problems in Engineering 47 Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica. English Series 47 International Journal of Biomathematics 46 Ukrainian Mathematical Journal 46 Journal of Biological Dynamics 45 Applied Mathematics and Mechanics. (English Edition) 45 Journal of Difference Equations and Applications 43 Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 43 Communications on Pure and Applied Analysis 40 Journal of Mathematical Physics 39 Differential Equations 37 Journal of Mathematical Sciences (New York) 36 Differential Equations and Dynamical Systems 35 Journal of Applied Mathematics 33 Acta Applicandae Mathematicae 33 Acta Mathematica Sinica. English Series 32 Mathematical Notes 32 Applied Numerical Mathematics 32 European Journal of Control 32 Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 30 Journal of Nonlinear Science 30 Nonlinear Analysis. Hybrid Systems 29 Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 28 Journal of Functional Analysis 28 Chaos 27 Communications in Mathematical Physics 25 Communications in Partial Differential Equations 25 Asian Journal of Control 24 Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal 24 Kybernetika 24 Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré. Analyse Non Linéaire 24 Journal of Integral Equations and Applications 24 Japan Journal of Industrial and Applied Mathematics 24 Nonlinear Oscillations 23 Journal of Theoretical Biology 22 Numerische Mathematik 21 Applied Mathematics and Optimization 21 Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série 21 SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis 21 Boundary Value Problems 21 Journal of Applied Analysis and Computation 20 SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization 20 Siberian Mathematical Journal 20 Stochastic Analysis and Applications 20 Journal of Biological Systems 19 Quarterly of Applied Mathematics 19 Russian Mathematics 19 Journal of Mathematical Chemistry 19 SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems 19 Mediterranean Journal of Mathematics 18 Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 18 Information Sciences 18 Theoretical Population Biology 18 Neural Networks 18 Linear Algebra and its Applications 18 Applied Mathematics. Series B (English Edition) 18 Comptes Rendus. Mathématique. Académie des Sciences, Paris ...and 467 more Serials
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Cited in 59 Fields
5,888 Ordinary differential equations (34-XX) 2,488 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 2,368 Biology and other natural sciences (92-XX) 1,918 Dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-XX) 1,745 Systems theory; control (93-XX) 729 Operator theory (47-XX) 596 Numerical analysis (65-XX) 374 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 318 Integral equations (45-XX) 256 Difference and functional equations (39-XX) 250 Fluid mechanics (76-XX) 245 Mechanics of deformable solids (74-XX) 241 Mechanics of particles and systems (70-XX) 216 Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization (49-XX) 177 Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences (91-XX) 145 Global analysis, analysis on manifolds (58-XX) 111 Computer science (68-XX) 103 Operations research, mathematical programming (90-XX) 81 Statistical mechanics, structure of matter (82-XX) 70 Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory (15-XX) 67 Real functions (26-XX) 62 General topology (54-XX) 56 Functional analysis (46-XX) 47 Optics, electromagnetic theory (78-XX) 38 Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer (80-XX) 36 Information and communication theory, circuits (94-XX) 29 Geophysics (86-XX) 22 Combinatorics (05-XX) 20 Differential geometry (53-XX) 20 Statistics (62-XX) 19 Approximations and expansions (41-XX) 17 Quantum theory (81-XX) 16 Manifolds and cell complexes (57-XX) 15 Functions of a complex variable (30-XX) 15 Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces (42-XX) 15 Algebraic topology (55-XX) 14 Measure and integration (28-XX) 14 Abstract harmonic analysis (43-XX) 12 Special functions (33-XX) 10 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 10 History and biography (01-XX) 9 Relativity and gravitational theory (83-XX) 7 Topological groups, Lie groups (22-XX) 7 Integral transforms, operational calculus (44-XX) 6 Mathematical logic and foundations (03-XX) 5 Commutative algebra (13-XX) 5 Several complex variables and analytic spaces (32-XX) 4 Field theory and polynomials (12-XX) 4 Algebraic geometry (14-XX) 4 Potential theory (31-XX) 4 Astronomy and astrophysics (85-XX) 3 Number theory (11-XX) 3 Nonassociative rings and algebras (17-XX) 3 Group theory and generalizations (20-XX) 3 Convex and discrete geometry (52-XX) 1 Associative rings and algebras (16-XX) 1 $$K$$-theory (19-XX) 1 Geometry (51-XX) 1
Wikidata Timeline
The data are displayed as stored in Wikidata under a Creative Commons CC0 License. Updates and corrections should be made in Wikidata.
| 2021-04-11T02:15:29 |
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http://www.e-magnetica.pl/file/smps_90w_magnetica_jpg
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# Encyclopedia Magnetica
### Site Tools
file:smps_90w_magnetica_jpg
Switch-mode power supply, with several inductive components: common-mode choke, PFC inductor, resonant transformer, and filter choke.
smps_90w_magnetica.jpg
You are permitted and indeed encouraged to use this image freely, for any legal purpose including commercial, and with any modifications (the permission is hereby given, so there is no need to ask for it explicitly again), but you MUST always give the following credits:
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We would appreciate if you let us know of any use: [email protected]
| 2021-12-05T06:59:53 |
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http://pdglive.lbl.gov/Particle.action?init=0&node=S017&home=BXXX005
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${{\boldsymbol N}}$ BARYONS($\boldsymbol S$ = 0, $\boldsymbol I$ = 1/2) ${{\mathit p}}$, ${{\mathit N}^{+}}$ = ${\mathit {\mathit u}}$ ${\mathit {\mathit u}}$ ${\mathit {\mathit d}}$; ${{\mathit n}}$, ${{\mathit N}^{0}}$ = ${\mathit {\mathit u}}$ ${\mathit {\mathit d}}$ ${\mathit {\mathit d}}$ INSPIRE search
# ${{\boldsymbol n}}$ $I(J^P)$ = $1/2(1/2^{+})$
We have omitted some results that have been superseded by later experiments. See our earlier editions. Anyone interested in the neutron should look at these two review articles: D. Dubbers and M.G. Schmidt, The neutron and its role in cosmology and particle physics,'' Reviews of Modern Physics 83 1111 (2011); and F.E. Wietfeldt and G.L. Greene, The neutron lifetime,'' Reviews of Modern Physics 83 1173 (2011).
See related review: Baryon Decay Parameters
${{\mathit n}}$ MASS (atomic mass units u) $1.0086649159 \pm0.0000000005$ u
${{\mathit n}}$ MASS (MeV) $939.565413 \pm0.000006$ MeV
${{\overline{\mathit n}}}$ MASS $939.49 \pm0.05$ MeV
(${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit n}}}–{\mathit m}_{{{\overline{\mathit n}}}}$ )/ ${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit n}}}$ $(9 \pm6) \times 10^{-5}$
${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit n}}}–{\mathit m}_{{{\mathit p}}}$ $1.2933321 \pm0.0000005$ MeV
${{\mathit n}}$ MEAN LIFE $880.2 \pm1.0$ s (S = 1.9)
${{\mathit n}}$ MAGNETIC MOMENT $-1.9130427 \pm0.0000005$ $\mu _{\mathit N}$
${{\mathit n}}$ ELECTRIC DIPOLE MOMENT $<0.30 \times 10^{-25}$ $\mathit e~$cm CL=90.0%
${{\mathit n}}$ MEAN-SQUARE CHARGE RADIUS $-0.1161 \pm0.0022$ fm${}^{2}$ (S = 1.3)
${{\mathit n}}$ MAGNETIC RADIUS $0.864 {}^{+0.009}_{-0.008}$ fm
${{\mathit n}}$ ELECTRIC POLARIZABILITY ${{\mathit \alpha}_{{n}}}$ $0.00118 \pm0.00011$ fm${}^{3}$
${{\mathit n}}$ MAGNETIC POLARIZABILITY ${{\mathit \beta}_{{n}}}$ $(3.7 \pm1.2) \times 10^{-4}$ fm${}^{3}$
${{\mathit n}}$ CHARGE $(-2 \pm8) \times 10^{-22}$ $\mathit e$
LIMIT ON ${{\boldsymbol n}}{{\overline{\boldsymbol n}}}$ OSCILLATIONS
Mean Time for ${{\mathit n}}{{\overline{\mathit n}}}$ Transition in Vacuum $>8.6 \times 10^{7}$ s CL=90.0%
LIMIT ON ${{\mathit n}}{{\mathit n}^{\,'}}$ OSCILLATIONS $> 414$ s CL=90.0%
${{\boldsymbol n}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\boldsymbol p}}{{\boldsymbol e}^{-}}{{\overline{\boldsymbol \nu}}_{{e}}}$ DECAY PARAMETERS
$\lambda {}\equiv{\mathit g}_{{{\mathit A}}}$ $/$ ${\mathit g}_{{{\mathit V}}}$ $-1.2724 \pm0.0023$ (S = 2.2)
${{\mathit e}^{-}}$ ASYMMETRY PARAMETER $\mathit A$ $-0.1184 \pm0.0010$ (S = 2.4)
${{\overline{\mathit \nu}}_{{e}}}$ ASYMMETRY PARAMETER $\mathit B$ $0.9807 \pm0.0030$
PROTON ASYMMETRY PARAMETER $\mathit C$ $-0.2377 \pm0.0026$
${{\mathit e}}-{{\overline{\mathit \nu}}_{{e}}}$ ANGULAR CORRELATION COEFFICIENT $\mathit a$ $-0.1059 \pm0.0028$
$\phi _{\mathit AV}$, PHASE OF ${\mathit g}_{{{\mathit A}}}$ RELATIVE TO ${\mathit g}_{{{\mathit V}}}$ $180.017 \pm0.026$ $^\circ{}$
TRIPLE CORRELATION COEFFICIENT $\mathit D$ $(-1.2 \pm2.0) \times 10^{-4}$
TRIPLE CORRELATION COEFFICIENT $\mathit R$ $0.004 \pm0.013$
| 2019-01-18T15:46:33 |
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https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10131148
|
Large-scale star formation in Auriga region
ABSTRACT
New observations in the VI bands along with archival data from the 2MASS and WISE surveys have been used to generate a catalogue of young stellar objects (YSOs) covering an area of about 6° × 6° in the Auriga region centred at l ∼ 173° and b ∼ 1.5°. The nature of the identified YSOs and their spatial distribution are used to study the star formation in the region. The distribution of YSOs along with that of the ionized and molecular gas reveals two ring-like structures stretching over an area of a few degrees each in extent. We name these structures as Auriga Bubbles 1 and 2. The centre of the Bubbles appears to be above the Galactic mid-plane. The majority of Class I YSOs are associated with the Bubbles, whereas the relatively older population, i.e. Class ii objects are rather randomly distributed. Using the minimum spanning tree analysis, we found 26 probable subclusters having five or more members. The subclusters are between ∼0.5 and ∼3 pc in size and are somewhat elongated. The star formation efficiency in most of the subcluster region varies between 5 ${{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ and 20 ${{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ indicating that the subclusters could more »
Authors:
; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10131148
Journal Name:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume:
492
Issue:
2
Page Range or eLocation-ID:
p. 2446-2467
ISSN:
0035-8711
Publisher:
Oxford University Press
National Science Foundation
##### More Like this
1. Abstract
We used the Immersion GRating Infrared Spectrometer (IGRINS) to determine fundamental parameters for 61 K- and M-type young stellar objects (YSOs) located in the Ophiuchus and Upper Scorpius star-forming regions. We employed synthetic spectra and a Markov chain Monte Carlo approach to fit specificK-band spectral regions and determine the photospheric temperature (T), surface gravity ($logg$), magnetic field strength (B), projected rotational velocity ($vsini$), andK-band veiling (rK). We determinedBfor ∼46% of our sample. Stellar parameters were compared to the results from Taurus-Auriga and the TW Hydrae association presented in Paper I of this series. We classified all the YSOs in the IGRINS survey with infrared spectral indices from Two Micron All Sky Survey and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer photometry between 2 and 24μm. We found that Class II YSOs typically have lower$logg$and$vsini$, similarB, and higherK-band veiling than their Class III counterparts. Additionally, we determined the stellar parameters for a sample of K and M field stars also observed with IGRINS. We have identified intrinsic similarities and differences at different evolutionary stages with our homogeneous determination of stellar parameters in the IGRINS YSO survey. Considering$logg$as amore »
2. ABSTRACT
With JWST, new opportunities to study the evolution of galaxies in the early Universe are emerging. Spitzer constraints on rest-optical properties of z ≳ 7 galaxies demonstrated the power of using galaxy stellar masses and star formation histories (SFHs) to indirectly infer the cosmic star formation history. However, only the brightest individual z ≳ 8 objects could be detected with Spitzer, making it difficult to robustly constrain activity at z ≳ 10. Here, we leverage the greatly improved rest-optical sensitivity of JWST at z ≳ 8 to constrain the ages of seven UV-bright ($M_{\rm uv}\lesssim -19.5$) galaxies selected to lie at z ∼ 8.5–11, then investigate implications for z ≳ 15 star formation. We infer the properties of individual objects with two spectral energy distribution modelling codes, then infer a distribution of ages for bright z ∼ 8.5–11 galaxies. We find a median age of ∼20 Myr, younger than that inferred at z ∼ 7 with a similar analysis, consistent with an evolution towards larger specific star formation rates at early times. The age distribution suggests that only ∼3 per cent of bright z ∼ 8.5–11 galaxies would be similarly luminous at z ≳ 15, implying that the number density of brightmore »
3. ABSTRACT
We present a detailed analysis of the ionized gas distribution and kinematics in the inner ∼ 200 pc of NGC 4546, host of a low-luminosity active galactic nucleus (LLAGN). Using GMOS−IFU observations, with a spectral coverage of 4736–6806 Å and an angular resolution of 0.7 arcsec, we confirm that the nuclear emission is consistent with photoionization by an AGN, while the gas in the circumnuclear region may be ionized by hot low-mass evolved stars. The gas kinematics in the central region of NGC 4546 presents three components: (i) a disc with major axis oriented along a position angle of 43° ± 3°, counter rotating relative to the stellar disc; (ii) non-circular motions, evidenced by residual velocities of up to 60 km s−1, likely associated with a previous capture of a dwarf satellite by NGC 4546; and (iii) nuclear outflows in ionized gas, identified as a broad component (σ ∼ 320 km s−1) in the line profiles, with a mass outflow rate of $\dot{M}_{\rm out} = 0.3 \pm 0.1$ M⊙ yr−1 and a total mass of Mout = (9.2 ± 0.8) × 103 M⊙ in ionized gas, corresponding to less than 3 per cent of the total mass of ionized gas in the inner 200 pc of NGC 4546. The kinetic efficiency of themore »
4. ABSTRACT
To unravel the star formation process, we present a multi-scale and multi-wavelength study of the filamentary infrared dark cloud (IRDC) G333.73 + 0.37, which hosts previously known two H ii regions located at its center. Each H ii region is associated with a mid-infrared source, and is excited by a massive OB star. Two filamentary structures and a hub-filament system (HFS) associated with one H ii region are investigated in absorption using the Spitzer 8.0 μm image. The 13CO(J = 2–1) and C18O(J = 2–1) line data reveal two velocity components (around −35.5 and −33.5 km s−1) toward the IRDC, favouring the presence of two filamentary clouds at different velocities. Non-thermal (or turbulent) motions are depicted in the IRDC using the C18O line data. The spatial distribution of young stellar objects (YSOs) identified using the VVV near-infrared data traces star formation activities in the IRDC. Low-mass cores are identified toward both the H ii regions using the ALMA 1.38 mm continuum map. The VLT/NACO adaptive-optics L′-band images show the presence of at least three point-like sources and the absence of small-scale features in the inner 4000 AU around YSOs NIR31 and MIR 16 located toward the H ii regions. The H ii regions and groups of YSO are observed toward the centralmore »
5. ABSTRACT We present a catalogue of 22 755 objects with slitless, optical, Hubble Space Telescope (HST) spectroscopy from the Grism Lens-Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS). The data cover ∼220 sq. arcmin to 7-orbit (∼10 ks) depth in 20 parallel pointings of the Advanced Camera for Survey’s G800L grism. The fields are located 6 arcmin away from 10 massive galaxy clusters in the HFF and CLASH footprints. 13 of the fields have ancillary HST imaging from these or other programs to facilitate a large number of applications, from studying metal distributions at z ∼ 0.5, to quasars at z ∼ 4, to the star formation histories of hundreds of galaxies in between. The spectroscopic catalogue has a median redshift of 〈z〉 = 0.60 with a median uncertainty of $\Delta z / (1+z)\lesssim 2{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ at $F814\mathit{ W}\lesssim 23$ AB. Robust continuum detections reach a magnitude fainter. The 5 σ limiting line flux is $f_{\rm lim}\approx 5\times 10^{-17}\rm ~erg~s^{-1}~cm^{-2}$ and half of all sources have 50 per cent of pixels contaminated at ≲1 per cent. All sources have 1D and 2D spectra, line fluxes/uncertainties and identifications, redshift probability distributions, spectral models, and derived narrow-band emission-line maps from the Grism Redshift and Line Analysis tool (grizli). We provide other basic sample characterizations,more »
| 2023-02-08T02:53:49 |
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http://pdglive.lbl.gov/DataBlock.action?node=S032M&home=sumtabM
|
${{\boldsymbol D}^{0}}$ MASS INSPIRE search
The fit includes ${{\mathit D}^{\pm}}$, ${{\mathit D}^{0}}$, ${{\mathit D}_{{s}}^{\pm}}$, ${{\mathit D}^{*\pm}}$, ${{\mathit D}^{*0}}$, ${{\mathit D}_{{s}}^{*\pm}}$, ${{\mathit D}_{{1}}{(2420)}^{0}}$, ${{\mathit D}_{{2}}^{*}{(2460)}^{0}}$, and ${{\mathit D}_{{s1}}{(2536)}^{\pm}}$ mass and mass difference measurements.
Given the recent addition of much more precise measurements, we have omitted all those masses published up through 1990. See any Review before 2015 for those earlier results.
VALUE (MeV) EVTS DOCUMENT ID TECN COMMENT
$\bf{ 1864.83 \pm0.05}$ OUR FIT
$\bf{ 1864.84 \pm0.05}$ OUR AVERAGE
$1864.845$ $\pm0.025$ $\pm0.057$ 63k 1
2014
${{\mathit D}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit K}^{-}}$2 ${{\mathit \pi}^{+}}{{\mathit \pi}^{-}}$
$1864.75$ $\pm0.15$ $\pm0.11$
2013 V
LHCB ${{\mathit D}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit K}^{+}}$2 ${{\mathit K}^{-}}{{\mathit \pi}^{+}}$
$1864.841$ $\pm0.048$ $\pm0.063$ 4.3k 2
2013 S
BABR ${{\mathit e}^{+}}{{\mathit e}^{-}}$ at ${{\mathit \Upsilon}{(4S)}}$
$1865.30$ $\pm0.33$ $\pm0.23$ 0.1k
2010 A
KEDR ${{\mathit e}^{+}}{{\mathit e}^{-}}$ at ${{\mathit \psi}{(3770)}}$
$1864.847$ $\pm0.150$ $\pm0.095$ 0.3k
2007
CLEO ${{\mathit D}^{0}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\mathit K}_S^0}$ ${{\mathit \phi}}$
1 Obtained by analyzing CLEO-c data but not authored by the CLEO Collaboration. The largest source of error in the TOMARADZE 2014 value is from the uncertainties in the ${{\mathit K}^{-}}$ and ${{\mathit K}_S^0}$ masses. The systematic error given above is the addition in quadrature of $\pm0.022 \pm0.053$ MeV, where the second error is from those mass uncertainties.
2 The largest source of error in the LEES 2013S value is from the uncertainty of the ${{\mathit K}^{+}}$ mass. The quoted systematic error is in fact $\pm0.043$ + 3 (${\mathit m}_{{{\mathit K}^{+}}}$ $−$ 493.677), in MeV.
References:
PR D89 031501 High Precision Measurement of the Masses of the ${{\mathit D}^{0}}$ and ${{\mathit K}_S^0}$ mesons
JHEP 1306 065 Precision Measurement of ${{\mathit D}}$ Meson Mass Differences
PR D88 071104 Measurement of the Mass of the ${{\mathit D}^{0}}$ Meson
PL B686 84 Measurement of ${{\mathit D}^{0}}$ and ${{\mathit D}^{+}}$ Meson Masses with the KEDR Detector
PRL 98 092002 Precision Determination of the ${{\mathit D}^{0}}$ Mass
| 2020-02-27T06:01:46 |
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|
https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10319591
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Transients from the Cataclysmic Deaths of Cataclysmic Variables
Abstract We explore the observational appearance of the merger of a low-mass star with a white dwarf (WD) binary companion. We are motivated by recent work finding that multiple tensions between the observed properties of cataclysmic variables (CVs) and standard evolution models are resolved if a large fraction of CV binaries merge as a result of unstable mass transfer. Tidal disruption of the secondary forms a geometrically thick disk around the WD, which subsequently accretes at highly super-Eddington rates. Analytic estimates and numerical hydrodynamical simulations reveal that outflows from the accretion flow unbind a large fraction ≳90% of the secondary at velocities ∼500–1000 km s −1 within days of the merger. Hydrogen recombination in the expanding ejecta powers optical transient emission lasting about a month with a luminosity ≳10 38 erg s −1 , similar to slow classical novae and luminous red novae from ordinary stellar mergers. Over longer timescales the mass accreted by the WD undergoes hydrogen shell burning, inflating the remnant into a giant of luminosity ∼300–5000 L ⊙ , effective temperature T eff ≈ 3000 K, and lifetime ∼10 4 –10 5 yr. We predict that ∼10 3 –10 4 Milky Way giants are CV merger products, more »
Authors:
; ; ; ;
Award ID(s):
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10319591
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal
Volume:
923
Issue:
1
ISSN:
0004-637X
We explore implications of a range of black hole (BH) seeding prescriptions on the formation of the brightest $z$ ≳ 6 quasars in cosmological hydrodynamic simulations. The underlying galaxy formation model is the same as in the IllustrisTNG simulations. Using constrained initial conditions, we study the growth of BHs in rare overdense regions (forming $\gtrsim 10^{12}\, {\rm M}_{\odot }\,h^{-1}$ haloes by $z$ = 7) using a (9 Mpc h−1)3 simulated volume. BH growth is maximal within haloes that are compact and have a low tidal field. For these haloes, we consider an array of gas-based seeding prescriptions wherein $M_{\mathrm{seed}}=10^4\!-\!10^6\, {\rm M}_{\odot }\,h^{-1}$ seeds are inserted in haloes above critical thresholds for halo mass and dense, metal-poor gas mass (defined as $\tilde{M}_{\mathrm{h}}$ and $\tilde{M}_{\mathrm{sf,mp}}$, respectively, in units of Mseed). We find that a seed model with $\tilde{M}_{\mathrm{sf,mp}}=5$ and $\tilde{M}_{\mathrm{h}}=3000$ successfully produces a $z$ ∼ 6 quasar with $\sim 10^9\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$ mass and ∼1047 erg s−1 luminosity. BH mergers play a crucial role at $z$ ≳ 9, causing an early boost in BH mass at a time when accretion-driven BH growth is negligible. With more stringent seeding conditions (e.g. $\tilde{M}_{\mathrm{sf,mp}}=1000$), the relative paucity of BH seeds results in a much lower merger rate. In this case, $z$more »
5. ABSTRACT The merger of two or more galaxies can enhance the inflow of material from galactic scales into the close environments of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), obscuring and feeding the supermassive black hole (SMBH). Both recent simulations and observations of AGN in mergers have confirmed that mergers are related to strong nuclear obscuration. However, it is still unclear how AGN obscuration evolves in the last phases of the merger process. We study a sample of 60 luminous and ultra-luminous IR galaxies (U/LIRGs) from the GOALS sample observed by NuSTAR. We find that the fraction of AGNs that are Compton thick (CT; $N_{\rm H}\ge 10^{24}\rm \, cm^{-2}$) peaks at $74_{-19}^{+14}{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ at a late merger stage, prior to coalescence, when the nuclei have projected separations (dsep) of 0.4–6 kpc. A similar peak is also observed in the median NH [$(1.6\pm 0.5)\times 10^{24}\rm \, cm^{-2}$]. The vast majority ($85^{+7}_{-9}{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) of the AGNs in the final merger stages (dsep ≲ 10 kpc) are heavily obscured ($N_{\rm H}\ge 10^{23}\rm \, cm^{-2}$), and the median NH of the accreting SMBHs in our sample is systematically higher than that of local hard X-ray-selected AGN, regardless of the merger stage. This implies that thesemore »
| 2022-12-01T16:52:25 |
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|
http://microboone.fnal.gov/public-plots-data-representations/
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## Public plots and other data representations
### MicroBooNE Insignia and Logos
The famous ‘Blue Swoosh’ MicroBooNE insignia. Also available with shadow text removed.
### Public Plots from the SBN Physics Proposal
#### ND_100m_uB_T600_onaxis_nue_appearance_ ecalo2_nu_vePhot0_05_gap3_lessCosmics_xsec_0_flux_6_dirt_cos_sensPlot
ND_100m_uB_T600_onaxis_nue_appearance_ecalo2_nu_vePhot0_05_gap3_lessCosmics_xsec_0_flux_6_dirt_cos_sensPlot.png
ND_100m_uB_T600_onaxis_nue_appearance_ecalo2_nu_vePhot0_05_gap3_lessCosmics_xsec_0_flux_6_dirt_cos_sensPlot_caption.txt
Sensitivity of the SBN Program to $\nu_{\mu} \rightarrow \nu_{e}$ oscillation signals. All backgrounds and systematic uncertainties described in the proposal are included. The sensitivity shown corresponds to the event distributions, which includes the topological cuts on cosmic backgrounds and an additional 95% rejection factor coming from an external cosmic tagging system and internal light collection system to reject cosmic rays arriving at the detector in time with the beam.
#### Nue_appearance_ ecalo2_nu_vePhot0_05_gap3_fullCosmics_470m_globBF
Nue_appearance_ecalo2_nu_vePhot0_05_gap3_fullCosmics_470m_globBF.png
Nue_appearance_ecalo2_nu_vePhot0_05_gap3_fullCosmics_470m_globBF_caption.txt
Electron neutrino charged-current candidate distributions in MicroBooNE shown as a function of reconstructed neutrino energy. All backgrounds are shown, only muon proximity and $\sfrac{dE}{dx}$ cuts have been used to reject cosmogenic background sources. Oscillation signal events for the best-fit 3+1 oscillation parameters from Kopp et al. (JHEP 1305, 050 (2013), arXiv:1303.3011) are indicated by the white histogram on top in each distribution. $\nu_{e}$ events have an assumed reconstruction efficiency of 80\%, and mis-identification from photons is taken at 6\% of events passing a topological cut. The topological cut assumes that photons with more than 50MeV of energy and a displaced vertex more than 3cm away will be reject.
#### Nue_appearance_ ecalo2_nu_vePhot0_05_gap3_lessCosmics_470m_globBF
Nue_appearance_ecalo2_nu_vePhot0_05_gap3_lessCosmics_470m_globBF.png
Nue_appearance_ecalo2_nu_vePhot0_05_gap3_lessCosmics_470m_globBF_caption.txt
Electron neutrino charged-current candidate distributions in MicroBooNE shown as a function of reconstructed neutrino energy. All backgrounds are shown. For cosmicgenically induced events muon proximity, $\sfrac{dE}{dx}$ cuts, and a combination of the internal light collection systems and external cosmic tagger systems at each detector are assumed to conservatively identify 95% of the triggers with a cosmic muon in the beam spill time and those events are used to reject events. Oscillation signal events for the best-fit 3+1 oscillation parameters from Kopp et al. (JHEP 1305, 050 (2013), arXiv:1303.3011) are indicated by the white histogram on top in each distribution. $\nu_{e}$ events have an assumed reconstruction efficiency of 80\%, and mis-identification from photons is taken at 6\% of events passing a topological cut. The topological cut assumes that photons with more than 50 MeV of energy and a displaced vertex more than 3cm away will be reject.
#### Nue_sensitivity_compare_program
Nue_sensitivity_compare_program.pdf
Nue_sensitivity_compare_program_caption.txt
Sensitivity comparisons for $\nu_{\mu} \rightarrow \nu_e$ oscillations including all backgrounds and systematic uncertainties described in the proposal assuming 6.6e20 protons on target in LAr1-ND and the ICARUS-T600 and 13.2e20 protons on target in MicroBooNE. The three curves present the significance of coverage of the LSND 99% allowed region (above) for the three different possible combinations of SBN detectors: LAr1-ND and MicroBooNE only (blue), LAr1-ND and ICARUS only (black), and all three detectors (red).
#### Numu_Evt_Dis_470m_1
Numu_Evt_Dis_470m_1.png
Numu_Evt_Dis_470m_1_caption.txt
Examples of $\nu_{\mu}$ disappearance signals in MicroBooNE for $\Delta m^{2} = 1 \text{eV}^2$ with 13.2e20 protons on target.
#### Numu_Evt_Dis_470m_44
Numu_Evt_Dis_470m_44.png
Numu_Evt_Dis_470m_44_caption.txt
Examples of $\nu_{\mu}$ disappearance signals in MicroBooNE for $\Delta m^{2} = 0.44 \text{eV}^2$ with 13.2e20 protons on target.
#### Numu_dis_sensitivity
Numu_dis_sensitivity.pdf
Numu_dis_sensitivity_caption.txt
Sensitivity prediction for the SBN program to $\nu_{\mu} \rightarrow \nu_{x}$ oscillations including all backgrounds and systematic uncertainties described in the proposal. SBN can extend the search for muon neutrino disappearance an order of magnitude beyond the combined analysis of SciBooNE and MiniBooNE.
### General cross section public plots and tables (#4331)
#### cFS
cFS.eps
cFS.png
cFS_caption.txt
Energy distribution of BNB muon neutrino event rates in MicroBooNE for different event signatures for an 87 ton active volume. Selection efficiencies are not considered.
#### cnue
cnue.eps
cnue.png
cnue_caption.txt
Energy distribution of BNB electron and antielectron neutrino events in MicroBooNE for different interaction channels for an 87 ton active volume. Selection efficiencies are not considered. Separation between RES and DIS channels is based on a cut on the hadronic mass W < 2 GeV (RES) and W > 2 GeV (DIS) rather than GENIE interaction mode.
### Noise Dependence on Temperature and LAr Fill Level in the uBooNE Time Projection Chamber (#4717)
#### noise_vs_time
noise_vs_time.png
noise_vs_time_caption.txt
Noise measured on collection plane wires as a function of time. Each data point corresponds to the measured noise level for a given run. The times shown are the times at which each run was taken. For each run, a list of channels was selected such that 1) it was a collection plane wire, 2) it had noise values within a certain range. The average and standard deviation of the distribution of RMS noise values for channels passing the cut was calculated. Data points represent the average RMS, and error-bars show the standard deviation of these distributions. Error bars are meant to show how the change in temperature affects noise levels compared to the intrinsic variability of noise in the detector due to channel-to-channel gain variations. ENC values are measured in number of electrons by taking the ADC noise measured at a 14 mV/fC ASIC gain and multiplying it by [ 1.6E-4 (fC/e-) X 1.935 (ADC/mV) X 14 (mV/fC)]^-1. Noise values drop with the gasseous argon temperature. This is expected behavior due mainly to the properties of the CMOS ASIC chips. The red vertical line in this plot represents the time at which the LAr filling-process began. After this point noise levels begin to rise. This behavior is explained in the Tech-Note in DocDB 4717 in Sec. 5. Sporadicity of the data-points is due to irregular run-taking patterns in the very early weeks of the commissioning phase. Noise levels fluctuate slightly upwards in early and mid June. This is because the cryostat cooling was temporarily interrupted for a brief period, allowing the temperature, and thus the noise values, to rise.
### Approved Plots at Sept. 4th Plot Approval Meeting (#4787)
#### R1532E1_black_grid_axis
R1532E1_black_grid_axis.png
R1532E1_black_grid_axis_caption.txt
A snapshot from LArSoft based 3D event display showing cosmic tracks entering the MicroBooNE detector. The three boxes show the full readout window of the MicroBooNE detector which corresponds to 4.8 ms or equivalently the total effective drift volume for running at full field strength (-128 kV to cathode or 500 V/cm). The red highlighted box shows the physical volume of the TPC. The Colored lines shown in the boxes are 3D reconstructed tracks, different colors represent different tracks. Tracks are drawn along with their trajectory points. The data shown corresponds to cosmic run 1532, event 1 taken on 17th of August, 2015 at 4:03 PM at -70kV (or equivalently 273 V/cm) Electric field.
| 2018-04-20T12:13:07 |
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https://www.zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai%3Asheffield.scott
|
# zbMATH — the first resource for mathematics
## Sheffield, Scott
Compute Distance To:
Author ID: sheffield.scott Published as: Sheffield, Scott; Sheffield, S. Homepage: http://math.mit.edu/~sheffield/ External Links: IdRef · Google Scholar · MGP · Wikidata · dblp Awards: Clay Research Award (2017)
Documents Indexed: 62 Publications since 2002, including 2 Books
all top 5
#### Co-Authors
7 single-authored 16 Miller, Jason P. 7 Schramm, Oded 5 Levine, Lionel 5 Peres, Yuval 5 Wilson, David Bruce 4 Duplantier, Bertrand 4 Jerison, David S. 3 Gwynne, Ewain 3 Kenyon, Richard W. 3 Rhodes, Rémi 3 Vargas, Vincent 3 Werner, Wendelin 2 Alberts, Tom 2 Naor, Assaf 2 Watson, Samuel S. 1 Angel, Omer 1 Antunović, Tonći 1 Burdzy, Krzysztof 1 Dembo, Amir 1 Hammond, Alan 1 Hilário, Marcelo Richard 1 Holden, Nina 1 Kovchegov, Yevgeniy V. 1 Lawler, Gregory Francis 1 Lodhia, Asad 1 Louidor, Oren 1 Mörters, Peter 1 Nahmod, Andrea R. 1 Newman, Charles Michael 1 Okun’kov, Andreĭ Yur’evich 1 Rey-Bellet, Luc 1 Rolla, Leonardo T. 1 Sidoravicius, Vladas 1 Smart, Charles K. 1 Somersille, Stephanie J. 1 Spencer, Thomas C. 1 Staffilani, Gigliola 1 Stange, Katherine E. 1 Sun, Nike 1 Sun, Xin 1 Yadin, Ariel
all top 5
#### Serials
12 The Annals of Probability 8 Probability Theory and Related Fields 5 Duke Mathematical Journal 4 Electronic Journal of Probability 3 Communications in Mathematical Physics 3 Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré. Probabilités et Statistiques 3 Annals of Mathematics. Second Series 2 Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics 2 Inventiones Mathematicae 2 Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 2 Journal of the American Mathematical Society 1 American Mathematical Monthly 1 Acta Mathematica 1 Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series B 1 Mathematische Annalen 1 Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 1 Communications in Partial Differential Equations 1 Mathematical Research Letters 1 Electronic Communications in Probability 1 Journal of the European Mathematical Society (JEMS) 1 Astérisque 1 IAS/Park City Mathematics Series 1 Probability Surveys 1 Forum of Mathematics, Pi 1 Journal de l’École Polytechnique – Mathématiques
all top 5
#### Fields
53 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 20 Statistical mechanics, structure of matter (82-XX) 8 Combinatorics (05-XX) 6 Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences (91-XX) 5 Measure and integration (28-XX) 5 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 3 Quantum theory (81-XX) 2 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 2 Functions of a complex variable (30-XX) 2 Functional analysis (46-XX) 2 General topology (54-XX) 2 Relativity and gravitational theory (83-XX) 1 Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures (06-XX) 1 Group theory and generalizations (20-XX) 1 Real functions (26-XX) 1 Potential theory (31-XX) 1 Dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-XX) 1 Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization (49-XX) 1 Geometry (51-XX) 1 Convex and discrete geometry (52-XX) 1 Differential geometry (53-XX) 1 Statistics (62-XX) 1 Computer science (68-XX)
#### Citations contained in zbMATH Open
60 Publications have been cited 2,042 times in 961 Documents Cited by Year
Dimers and amoebae. Zbl 1154.82007
Kenyon, Richard; Okounkov, Andrei; Sheffield, Scott
2006
Tug-of-war and the infinity Laplacian. Zbl 1206.91002
Peres, Yuval; Schramm, Oded; Sheffield, Scott; Wilson, David B.
2009
Liouville quantum gravity and KPZ. Zbl 1226.81241
Duplantier, Bertrand; Sheffield, Scott
2011
Gaussian free fields for mathematicians. Zbl 1132.60072
Sheffield, Scott
2007
Contour lines of the two-dimensional discrete Gaussian free field. Zbl 1210.60051
Schramm, Oded; Sheffield, Scott
2009
Tug-of-war with noise: a game-theoretic view of the $$p$$-Laplacian. Zbl 1206.35112
Peres, Yuval; Sheffield, Scott
2008
Conformal weldings of random surfaces: SLE and the quantum gravity zipper. Zbl 1388.60144
Sheffield, Scott
2016
Imaginary geometry. I: Interacting SLEs. Zbl 1336.60162
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2016
A contour line of the continuum Gaussian free field. Zbl 1331.60090
Schramm, Oded; Sheffield, Scott
2013
Imaginary geometry. IV: Interior rays, whole-plane reversibility, and space-filling trees. Zbl 1378.60108
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2017
Exploration trees and conformal loop ensembles. Zbl 1170.60008
Sheffield, Scott
2009
Conformal loop ensembles: the Markovian characterization and the loop-soup construction. Zbl 1271.60090
Sheffield, Scott; Werner, Wendelin
2012
Renormalization of critical Gaussian multiplicative chaos and KPZ relation. Zbl 1297.60033
Duplantier, Bertrand; Rhodes, Rémi; Sheffield, Scott; Vargas, Vincent
2014
Critical Gaussian multiplicative chaos: convergence of the derivative martingale. Zbl 1306.60055
Duplantier, Bertrand; Rhodes, Rémi; Sheffield, Scott; Vargas, Vincent
2014
Imaginary geometry. III: Reversibility of $$\mathrm{SLE}_\kappa$$ for $$\kappa \in (4,8)$$. Zbl 1393.60092
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2016
Imaginary geometry. II: Reversibility of $$\operatorname{SLE}_{\kappa}(\rho_{1};\rho_{2})$$ for $$\kappa\in(0,4)$$. Zbl 1344.60078
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2016
Quantum Loewner evolution. Zbl 1364.82023
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2016
Random surfaces. Zbl 1104.60002
Sheffield, Scott
2005
Harmonic explorer and its convergence to $$\text{SLE}_4$$. Zbl 1095.60007
Schramm, Oded; Sheffield, Scott
2005
Markov chains in smooth Banach spaces and Gromov-hyperbolic metric spaces. Zbl 1108.46012
Naor, Assaf; Peres, Yuval; Schramm, Oded; Sheffield, Scott
2006
Quantum gravity and inventory accumulation. Zbl 1359.60120
Sheffield, Scott
2016
Liouville quantum gravity and the Brownian map. I: The $$\text{QLE}(8/3,0)$$ metric. Zbl 1437.83042
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2020
Conformal radii for conformal loop ensembles. Zbl 1187.82044
Schramm, Oded; Sheffield, Scott; Wilson, David B.
2009
A natural parametrization for the Schramm-Loewner evolution. Zbl 1234.60087
Lawler, Gregory F.; Sheffield, Scott
2011
Absolute continuity of Brownian bridges under certain gauge transformations. Zbl 1250.60018
Nahmod, Andrea R.; Rey-Bellet, Luc; Sheffield, Scott; Staffilani, Gigliola
2011
Logarithmic fluctuations for internal DLA. Zbl 1237.60037
Jerison, David; Levine, Lionel; Sheffield, Scott
2012
Fractional Gaussian fields: a survey. Zbl 1334.60055
Lodhia, Asad; Sheffield, Scott; Sun, Xin; Watson, Samuel S.
2016
Internal DLA and the Gaussian free field. Zbl 1296.60113
Jerison, David; Levine, Lionel; Sheffield, Scott
2014
Vector-valued optimal Lipschitz extensions. Zbl 1233.35068
Sheffield, Scott; Smart, Charles K.
2012
Bipolar orientations on planar maps and $$\mathrm{SLE}_{12}$$. Zbl 1466.60170
Kenyon, Richard; Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott; Wilson, David B.
2019
Hausdorff dimension of the SLE curve intersected with the real line. Zbl 1192.60025
Alberts, Tom; Sheffield, Scott
2008
Tug-of-war and infinity Laplace equation with vanishing Neumann boundary condition. Zbl 1268.35065
Antunović, Tonći; Peres, Yuval; Sheffield, Scott; Somersille, Stephanie
2012
Internal DLA in higher dimensions. Zbl 1290.60051
Jerison, David; Levine, Lionel; Sheffield, Scott
2013
Log-correlated Gaussian fields: an overview. Zbl 1366.60023
Duplantier, Bertrand; Rhodes, Rémi; Sheffield, Scott; Vargas, Vincent
2017
Harmonic functions on mated-CRT maps. Zbl 1466.60090
Gwynne, Ewain; Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2019
Random-turn hex and other selection games. Zbl 1153.91012
Peres, Yuval; Schramm, Oded; Sheffield, Scott; Wilson, David B.
2007
Liouville quantum gravity spheres as matings of finite-diameter trees. Zbl 1448.60168
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2019
Large deviations of Markov chains indexed by random trees. Zbl 1078.60020
Dembo, Amir; Mörters, Peter; Sheffield, Scott
2005
Dimers, tilings and trees. Zbl 1055.05032
Kenyon, Richard W.; Sheffield, Scott
2004
Schramm’s proof of Watts’ formula. Zbl 1238.60089
Sheffield, Scott; Wilson, David B.
2011
CLE percolations. Zbl 1390.60356
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott; Werner, Wendelin
2017
The Tutte embedding of the Poisson-Voronoi tessellation of the Brownian disk converges to $$\sqrt{8/3}$$-Liouville quantum gravity. Zbl 1441.60015
Gwynne, Ewain; Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2020
The covariant measure of SLE on the boundary. Zbl 1244.60081
Alberts, Tom; Sheffield, Scott
2011
Power law Pólya’s urn and fractional Brownian motion. Zbl 1311.60044
Hammond, Alan; Sheffield, Scott
2013
Absolutely minimal Lipschitz extension of tree-valued mappings. Zbl 1276.46062
Naor, Assaf; Sheffield, Scott
2012
Liouville quantum gravity and the Brownian map III: the conformal structure is determined. Zbl 07334605
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2021
Ribbon tilings and multidimensional height functions. Zbl 1018.68057
Sheffield, Scott
2002
Strong path convergence from Loewner driving function convergence. Zbl 1255.60148
Sheffield, Scott; Sun, Nike
2012
Non-simple SLE curves are not determined by their range. Zbl 07174683
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott; Werner, Wendelin
2020
Deterministic approximations of random reflectors. Zbl 1408.37063
Angel, Omer; Burdzy, Krzysztof; Sheffield, Scott
2013
An axiomatic characterization of the Brownian map. (Une caractérisation axiomatique de la carte Brownienne.) Zbl 07329548
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2021
Simple CLE in doubly connected domains. Zbl 1370.60141
Sheffield, Scott; Watson, Samuel S.; Wu, Hao
2017
Internal DLA for cylinders. Zbl 1334.60210
Jerison, David; Levine, Lionel; Sheffield, Scott
2014
The Tutte embedding of the mated-CRT map converges to Liouville quantum gravity. Zbl 07367520
Gwynne, Ewain; Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2021
Linear speed large deviations for percolation clusters. Zbl 1060.60097
Kovchegov, Yevgeniy; Sheffield, Scott
2003
Uniqueness of maximal entropy measure on essential spanning forests. Zbl 1106.60012
Sheffield, Scott
2006
Tricolor percolation and random paths in 3D. Zbl 1307.60147
2014
A duality principle for selection games. Zbl 1401.91021
Levine, Lionel; Sheffield, Scott; Stange, Katherine E.
2013
Scaling limits of the Schelling model. Zbl 1442.60100
Holden, Nina; Sheffield, Scott
2020
Gaussian free field light cones and $$\text{SLE}_{\kappa}(\rho)$$. Zbl 1453.60142
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2019
Liouville quantum gravity and the Brownian map III: the conformal structure is determined. Zbl 07334605
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2021
An axiomatic characterization of the Brownian map. (Une caractérisation axiomatique de la carte Brownienne.) Zbl 07329548
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2021
The Tutte embedding of the mated-CRT map converges to Liouville quantum gravity. Zbl 07367520
Gwynne, Ewain; Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2021
Liouville quantum gravity and the Brownian map. I: The $$\text{QLE}(8/3,0)$$ metric. Zbl 1437.83042
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2020
The Tutte embedding of the Poisson-Voronoi tessellation of the Brownian disk converges to $$\sqrt{8/3}$$-Liouville quantum gravity. Zbl 1441.60015
Gwynne, Ewain; Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2020
Non-simple SLE curves are not determined by their range. Zbl 07174683
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott; Werner, Wendelin
2020
Scaling limits of the Schelling model. Zbl 1442.60100
Holden, Nina; Sheffield, Scott
2020
Bipolar orientations on planar maps and $$\mathrm{SLE}_{12}$$. Zbl 1466.60170
Kenyon, Richard; Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott; Wilson, David B.
2019
Harmonic functions on mated-CRT maps. Zbl 1466.60090
Gwynne, Ewain; Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2019
Liouville quantum gravity spheres as matings of finite-diameter trees. Zbl 1448.60168
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2019
Gaussian free field light cones and $$\text{SLE}_{\kappa}(\rho)$$. Zbl 1453.60142
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2019
Imaginary geometry. IV: Interior rays, whole-plane reversibility, and space-filling trees. Zbl 1378.60108
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2017
Log-correlated Gaussian fields: an overview. Zbl 1366.60023
Duplantier, Bertrand; Rhodes, Rémi; Sheffield, Scott; Vargas, Vincent
2017
CLE percolations. Zbl 1390.60356
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott; Werner, Wendelin
2017
Simple CLE in doubly connected domains. Zbl 1370.60141
Sheffield, Scott; Watson, Samuel S.; Wu, Hao
2017
Conformal weldings of random surfaces: SLE and the quantum gravity zipper. Zbl 1388.60144
Sheffield, Scott
2016
Imaginary geometry. I: Interacting SLEs. Zbl 1336.60162
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2016
Imaginary geometry. III: Reversibility of $$\mathrm{SLE}_\kappa$$ for $$\kappa \in (4,8)$$. Zbl 1393.60092
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2016
Imaginary geometry. II: Reversibility of $$\operatorname{SLE}_{\kappa}(\rho_{1};\rho_{2})$$ for $$\kappa\in(0,4)$$. Zbl 1344.60078
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2016
Quantum Loewner evolution. Zbl 1364.82023
Miller, Jason; Sheffield, Scott
2016
Quantum gravity and inventory accumulation. Zbl 1359.60120
Sheffield, Scott
2016
Fractional Gaussian fields: a survey. Zbl 1334.60055
Lodhia, Asad; Sheffield, Scott; Sun, Xin; Watson, Samuel S.
2016
Renormalization of critical Gaussian multiplicative chaos and KPZ relation. Zbl 1297.60033
Duplantier, Bertrand; Rhodes, Rémi; Sheffield, Scott; Vargas, Vincent
2014
Critical Gaussian multiplicative chaos: convergence of the derivative martingale. Zbl 1306.60055
Duplantier, Bertrand; Rhodes, Rémi; Sheffield, Scott; Vargas, Vincent
2014
Internal DLA and the Gaussian free field. Zbl 1296.60113
Jerison, David; Levine, Lionel; Sheffield, Scott
2014
Internal DLA for cylinders. Zbl 1334.60210
Jerison, David; Levine, Lionel; Sheffield, Scott
2014
Tricolor percolation and random paths in 3D. Zbl 1307.60147
2014
A contour line of the continuum Gaussian free field. Zbl 1331.60090
Schramm, Oded; Sheffield, Scott
2013
Internal DLA in higher dimensions. Zbl 1290.60051
Jerison, David; Levine, Lionel; Sheffield, Scott
2013
Power law Pólya’s urn and fractional Brownian motion. Zbl 1311.60044
Hammond, Alan; Sheffield, Scott
2013
Deterministic approximations of random reflectors. Zbl 1408.37063
Angel, Omer; Burdzy, Krzysztof; Sheffield, Scott
2013
A duality principle for selection games. Zbl 1401.91021
Levine, Lionel; Sheffield, Scott; Stange, Katherine E.
2013
Conformal loop ensembles: the Markovian characterization and the loop-soup construction. Zbl 1271.60090
Sheffield, Scott; Werner, Wendelin
2012
Logarithmic fluctuations for internal DLA. Zbl 1237.60037
Jerison, David; Levine, Lionel; Sheffield, Scott
2012
Vector-valued optimal Lipschitz extensions. Zbl 1233.35068
Sheffield, Scott; Smart, Charles K.
2012
Tug-of-war and infinity Laplace equation with vanishing Neumann boundary condition. Zbl 1268.35065
Antunović, Tonći; Peres, Yuval; Sheffield, Scott; Somersille, Stephanie
2012
Absolutely minimal Lipschitz extension of tree-valued mappings. Zbl 1276.46062
Naor, Assaf; Sheffield, Scott
2012
Strong path convergence from Loewner driving function convergence. Zbl 1255.60148
Sheffield, Scott; Sun, Nike
2012
Liouville quantum gravity and KPZ. Zbl 1226.81241
Duplantier, Bertrand; Sheffield, Scott
2011
A natural parametrization for the Schramm-Loewner evolution. Zbl 1234.60087
Lawler, Gregory F.; Sheffield, Scott
2011
Absolute continuity of Brownian bridges under certain gauge transformations. Zbl 1250.60018
Nahmod, Andrea R.; Rey-Bellet, Luc; Sheffield, Scott; Staffilani, Gigliola
2011
Schramm’s proof of Watts’ formula. Zbl 1238.60089
Sheffield, Scott; Wilson, David B.
2011
The covariant measure of SLE on the boundary. Zbl 1244.60081
Alberts, Tom; Sheffield, Scott
2011
Tug-of-war and the infinity Laplacian. Zbl 1206.91002
Peres, Yuval; Schramm, Oded; Sheffield, Scott; Wilson, David B.
2009
Contour lines of the two-dimensional discrete Gaussian free field. Zbl 1210.60051
Schramm, Oded; Sheffield, Scott
2009
Exploration trees and conformal loop ensembles. Zbl 1170.60008
Sheffield, Scott
2009
Conformal radii for conformal loop ensembles. Zbl 1187.82044
Schramm, Oded; Sheffield, Scott; Wilson, David B.
2009
Tug-of-war with noise: a game-theoretic view of the $$p$$-Laplacian. Zbl 1206.35112
Peres, Yuval; Sheffield, Scott
2008
Hausdorff dimension of the SLE curve intersected with the real line. Zbl 1192.60025
Alberts, Tom; Sheffield, Scott
2008
Gaussian free fields for mathematicians. Zbl 1132.60072
Sheffield, Scott
2007
Random-turn hex and other selection games. Zbl 1153.91012
Peres, Yuval; Schramm, Oded; Sheffield, Scott; Wilson, David B.
2007
Dimers and amoebae. Zbl 1154.82007
Kenyon, Richard; Okounkov, Andrei; Sheffield, Scott
2006
Markov chains in smooth Banach spaces and Gromov-hyperbolic metric spaces. Zbl 1108.46012
Naor, Assaf; Peres, Yuval; Schramm, Oded; Sheffield, Scott
2006
Uniqueness of maximal entropy measure on essential spanning forests. Zbl 1106.60012
Sheffield, Scott
2006
Random surfaces. Zbl 1104.60002
Sheffield, Scott
2005
Harmonic explorer and its convergence to $$\text{SLE}_4$$. Zbl 1095.60007
Schramm, Oded; Sheffield, Scott
2005
Large deviations of Markov chains indexed by random trees. Zbl 1078.60020
Dembo, Amir; Mörters, Peter; Sheffield, Scott
2005
Dimers, tilings and trees. Zbl 1055.05032
Kenyon, Richard W.; Sheffield, Scott
2004
Linear speed large deviations for percolation clusters. Zbl 1060.60097
Kovchegov, Yevgeniy; Sheffield, Scott
2003
Ribbon tilings and multidimensional height functions. Zbl 1018.68057
Sheffield, Scott
2002
all top 5
#### Cited by 914 Authors
39 Sheffield, Scott 36 Miller, Jason P. 28 Rossi, Julio Daniel 27 Gwynne, Ewain 23 Rhodes, Rémi 23 Vargas, Vincent 20 Manfredi, Juan J. 17 Naor, Assaf 15 Parviainen, Mikko 15 Peres, Yuval 14 Sun, Xin 13 Katzourakis, Nikolaos I. 12 Ding, Jian 12 Garban, Christophe 12 Toninelli, Fabio Lucio 12 Werner, Wendelin 11 Borodin, Alexei 11 Camia, Federico 11 Lawler, Gregory Francis 11 Saksman, Eero 10 Holden, Nina 10 Levine, Lionel 10 Schramm, Oded 10 Sepúlveda, Avelio 10 Viklund, Fredrik Johansson 10 Webb, Christian 10 Wilson, David Bruce 9 Gorin, Vadim 8 Aru, Juhan 8 Curien, Nicolas 8 Dubédat, Julien 8 Kupiainen, Antti 8 Liu, Qing 7 Boutillier, Cédric 7 Cipriani, Alessandra 7 Duplantier, Bertrand 7 Kenyon, Richard W. 7 Qian, Wei 7 Reshetikhin, Nikolai Yu. 7 Zhan, Dapeng 7 Zhou, Yuan 6 Armstrong, Scott N. 6 Berestycki, Nathanaël 6 Biskup, Marek 6 Chhita, Sunil 6 Corwin, Ivan 6 Hazra, Rajat Subhra 6 Kytölä, Kalle 6 Laslier, Benoît 6 Pronko, Andrei G. 6 Smart, Charles K. 6 Smits, Robert G. 6 Tzvetkov, Nikolay 6 Yamazaki, Masahito 6 Zeitouni, Ofer 5 Beliaev, Dmitri B. 5 Ciucu, Mihai 5 Colomo, Filippo 5 Crasta, Graziano 5 de Tilière, Béatrice 5 Di Francesco, Philippe 5 Duits, Maurice 5 Flores, Steven M. 5 Fragalà, Ilaria 5 Franco, Sebastián 5 Jin, Xiong 5 Kleban, Peter 5 Lambert, Gaultier 5 Lewicka, Marta 5 Liu, Fang 5 Luiro, Hannes 5 Mohammed, Ahmed 5 Oh, Tadahiro 5 Ostrovskii, Dmitrii M. 5 Peltola, Eveliina 5 Pérez-Llanos, Mayte 5 Pfeffer, Joshua 5 Powell, Ellen 5 Wang, Yilin 4 Alberts, Tom 4 Ang, Morris 4 Arroyo, Angel 4 Barral, Julien 4 Blanc, Pablo 4 Budd, Timothy G. 4 Bufetov, Alekseĭ Igor’evich 4 Caputo, Pietro 4 Charro, Fernando 4 Cimasoni, David 4 Deblassie, Dante 4 Del Pezzo, Leandro M. 4 Duminil-Copin, Hugo 4 Elmoataz, Abderrahim 4 Falconet, Hugo 4 Fyodorov, Yan V. 4 Ganguly, Shirshendu 4 Guitter, Emmanuel 4 Izyurov, Konstantin 4 Johansson, Kurt 4 Juutinen, Petri ...and 814 more Authors
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#### Cited in 191 Serials
108 Communications in Mathematical Physics 83 Probability Theory and Related Fields 72 The Annals of Probability 47 Journal of Statistical Physics 29 Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré. Probabilités et Statistiques 19 Electronic Journal of Probability 18 Nonlinear Analysis. Theory, Methods & Applications. Series A: Theory and Methods 17 Duke Mathematical Journal 17 Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 16 Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 14 Advances in Mathematics 13 Inventiones Mathematicae 13 Stochastic Processes and their Applications 12 Journal of Differential Equations 12 Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations 12 Annales Henri Poincaré 11 Journal of High Energy Physics 10 Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics 10 Journal of Mathematical Physics 10 Mathematische Annalen 10 The Annals of Applied Probability 9 Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 8 Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 8 Journal of Functional Analysis 8 Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré. Analyse Non Linéaire 8 Journal of the American Mathematical Society 8 Electronic Communications in Probability 8 Communications on Pure and Applied Analysis 8 Probability Surveys 7 Annals of Mathematics. Second Series 7 Journal of the European Mathematical Society (JEMS) 6 Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis 6 Israel Journal of Mathematics 6 Letters in Mathematical Physics 6 Acta Mathematica 6 Statistics & Probability Letters 6 Journal of Theoretical Probability 6 Geometric and Functional Analysis. GAFA 6 Communications in Partial Differential Equations 6 Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série 6 Potential Analysis 6 Communications in Contemporary Mathematics 5 Annales de l’Institut Fourier 5 Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata. Serie Quarta 5 Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. New Series 5 Selecta Mathematica. New Series 5 European Series in Applied and Industrial Mathematics (ESAIM): Control, Optimization and Calculus of Variations 5 Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré D. Combinatorics, Physics and their Interactions (AIHPD) 4 Nuclear Physics. B 4 Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series A 4 The Journal of Geometric Analysis 4 NoDEA. Nonlinear Differential Equations and Applications 4 Bernoulli 4 Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems 4 Journal de l’École Polytechnique – Mathématiques 3 Publications Mathématiques 3 Discrete & Computational Geometry 3 Journal of Mathematical Sciences (New York) 3 The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics 3 Acta Mathematica Sinica. English Series 3 Advanced Nonlinear Studies 3 Comptes Rendus. Mathématique. Académie des Sciences, Paris 3 Complex Variables and Elliptic Equations 3 ALEA. Latin American Journal of Probability and Mathematical Statistics 3 Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 3 Forum of Mathematics, Pi 3 Forum of Mathematics, Sigma 2 Advances in Applied Probability 2 Discrete Mathematics 2 Journal of Computational Physics 2 Nonlinearity 2 ZAMP. Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 2 Reviews in Mathematical Physics 2 Journal of Geometry and Physics 2 Applied Mathematics and Optimization 2 Journal of the London Mathematical Society. Second Series 2 Le Matematiche 2 Mathematische Zeitschrift 2 Mathematika 2 European Journal of Applied Mathematics 2 SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis 2 Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision 2 Annales de la Faculté des Sciences de Toulouse. Mathématiques. Série VI 2 Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae. Mathematica 2 Geometry & Topology 2 Bulletin of the Brazilian Mathematical Society. New Series 2 Journal of the Institute of Mathematics of Jussieu 2 S$$\vec{\text{e}}$$MA Journal 2 Analysis and Geometry in Metric Spaces 2 Advances in Nonlinear Analysis 1 Modern Physics Letters B 1 International Journal of Modern Physics A 1 American Mathematical Monthly 1 Applicable Analysis 1 Computers & Mathematics with Applications 1 Information Processing Letters 1 Journal d’Analyse Mathématique 1 Mathematical Notes 1 Mathematische Semesterberichte 1 Physica A ...and 91 more Serials
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#### Cited in 56 Fields
526 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 281 Statistical mechanics, structure of matter (82-XX) 238 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 118 Combinatorics (05-XX) 96 Quantum theory (81-XX) 57 Functions of a complex variable (30-XX) 49 Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences (91-XX) 45 Measure and integration (28-XX) 45 Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization (49-XX) 38 Functional analysis (46-XX) 36 Potential theory (31-XX) 35 Dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-XX) 31 Differential geometry (53-XX) 29 Algebraic geometry (14-XX) 28 Relativity and gravitational theory (83-XX) 23 Convex and discrete geometry (52-XX) 20 Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory (15-XX) 20 Numerical analysis (65-XX) 18 Operator theory (47-XX) 18 Computer science (68-XX) 15 Special functions (33-XX) 13 General topology (54-XX) 13 Global analysis, analysis on manifolds (58-XX) 12 Number theory (11-XX) 11 Real functions (26-XX) 11 Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces (42-XX) 10 Group theory and generalizations (20-XX) 9 Several complex variables and analytic spaces (32-XX) 9 Ordinary differential equations (34-XX) 8 Statistics (62-XX) 7 Difference and functional equations (39-XX) 6 Associative rings and algebras (16-XX) 6 Topological groups, Lie groups (22-XX) 6 Abstract harmonic analysis (43-XX) 6 Geometry (51-XX) 6 Fluid mechanics (76-XX) 6 Operations research, mathematical programming (90-XX) 4 Nonassociative rings and algebras (17-XX) 4 Manifolds and cell complexes (57-XX) 4 Mechanics of particles and systems (70-XX) 3 History and biography (01-XX) 3 Mathematical logic and foundations (03-XX) 3 Integral equations (45-XX) 3 Biology and other natural sciences (92-XX) 3 Information and communication theory, circuits (94-XX) 2 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 2 Field theory and polynomials (12-XX) 2 Commutative algebra (13-XX) 2 Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer (80-XX) 1 Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures (06-XX) 1 Approximations and expansions (41-XX) 1 Integral transforms, operational calculus (44-XX) 1 Algebraic topology (55-XX) 1 Optics, electromagnetic theory (78-XX) 1 Systems theory; control (93-XX) 1 Mathematics education (97-XX)
#### Wikidata Timeline
The data are displayed as stored in Wikidata under a Creative Commons CC0 License. Updates and corrections should be made in Wikidata.
| 2021-09-18T08:54:04 |
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https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/College_Physics/Book%3A_College_Physics_(OpenStax)/10%3A_Rotational_Motion_and_Angular_Momentum/10.0%3A_Prelude_to_Rotational_Motion_and_Angular_Momentum
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$$\require{cancel}$$
# 10.0: Prelude to Rotational Motion and Angular Momentum
Why do tornadoes spin at all (Figure $$\PageIndex{1}$$)? And why do tornados spin so rapidly? The answer is that air masses that produce tornadoes are themselves rotating, and when the radii of the air masses decrease, their rate of rotation increases. An ice skater increases her spin in an exactly analogous manner as seen in Figure $$\PageIndex{2}$$. The skater starts her rotation with outstretched limbs and increases her spin by pulling them in toward her body. The same physics describes the exhilarating spin of a skater and the wrenching force of a tornado.
Figure $$\PageIndex{1}$$: The mention of a tornado conjures up images of raw destructive power. Tornadoes blow houses away as if they were made of paper and have been known to pierce tree trunks with pieces of straw. They descend from clouds in funnel-like shapes that spin violently, particularly at the bottom where they are most narrow, producing winds as high as 500 km/h. (credit: Daphne Zaras, U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)
Clearly, force, energy, and power are associated with rotational motion. These and other aspects of rotational motion are covered in this chapter. We shall see that all important aspects of rotational motion either have already been defined for linear motion or have exact analogs in linear motion. First, we look at angular acceleration—the rotational analog of linear acceleration.
Figure $$\PageIndex{2}$$: This figure skater increases her rate of spin by pulling her arms and her extended leg closer to her axis of rotation. (credit: Luu, Wikimedia Commons)
# Contributors
• Paul Peter Urone (Professor Emeritus at California State University, Sacramento) and Roger Hinrichs (State University of New York, College at Oswego) with Contributing Authors: Kim Dirks (University of Auckland) and Manjula Sharma (University of Sydney). This work is licensed by OpenStax University Physics under a Creative Commons Attribution License (by 4.0).
| 2019-11-12T18:13:39 |
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http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/pri/section5/pri599.htm
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5. Process Improvement
5.5.9. An EDA approach to experimental design
## Cumulative residual standard deviation plot
Purpose The cumulative residual sd (standard deviation) plot answers the question:
What is a good model for the data?
The prior 8 steps in this analysis sequence addressed the two important goals:
1. Factors: determining the most important factors that affect the response, and
2. Settings: determining the best settings for these factors.
In addition to the above, a third goal is of interest:
1. Model: determining a model (that is, a prediction equation) that functionally relates the observed response Y with the various main effects and interactions.
Such a function makes particular sense when all of the individual factors are continuous and ordinal (such as temperature, pressure, humidity, concentration, etc.) as opposed to any of the factors being discrete and non-ordinal (such as plant, operator, catalyst, supplier).
In the continuous-factor case, the analyst could use such a function for the following purposes.
1. Reproduction/Smoothing: predict the response at the observed design points.
2. Interpolation: predict what the response would be at (unobserved) regions between the design points.
3. Extrapolation: predict what the response would be at (unobserved) regions beyond the design points.
For the discrete-factor case, the methods developed below to arrive at such a function still apply, and so the resulting model may be used for reproduction. However, the interpolation and extrapolation aspects do not apply.
In modeling, we seek a function f in the k factors X1, X2, ..., Xk such that the predicted values
$$\hat{Y} = f(X_{1}, X_{2}, \ldots , X_{k})$$
are "close" to the observed raw data values Y. To this end, two tasks exist:
1. Determine a good functional form f;
2. Determine good estimates for the coefficients in that function f.
For example, if we had two factors X1 and X2, our goal would be to
1. determine some function f(X1,X2); and
2. estimate the parameters in f
such that the resulting model would yield predicted values $$\hat{Y}$$ that are as close as possible to the observed response values Y. If the form f has been wisely chosen, a good model will result and that model will have the characteristic that the differences ("residuals" = Y - $$\hat{Y}$$) will be uniformly near zero. On the other hand, a poor model (from a poor choice of the form f) will have the characteristic that some or all of the residuals will be "large".
For a given model, a statistic that summarizes the quality of the fit via the typical size of the n residuals is the residual standard deviation:
$$s_{res} = \sqrt{\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}{r_{i}^{2}}}{n-p}}$$
with p denoting the number of terms in the model (including the constant term) and r denoting the ith residual. We are also assuming that the mean of the residuals is zero, which will be the case for models with a constant term that are fit using least squares.
If we have a good-fitting model, sres will be small. If we have a poor-fitting model, sres will be large.
For a given data set, each proposed model has its own quality of fit, and hence its own residual standard deviation. Clearly, the residual standard deviation is more of a model-descriptor than a data-descriptor. Whereas "nature" creates the data, the analyst creates the models. Theoretically, for the same data set, it is possible for the analyst to propose an indefinitely large number of models.
In practice, however, an analyst usually forwards only a small, finite number of plausible models for consideration. Each model will have its own residual standard deviation. The cumulative residual standard deviation plot is simply a graphical representation of this collection of residual standard deviations for various models. The plot is beneficial in that
1. good models are distinguished from bad models;
2. simple good models are distinguished from complicated good models.
In summary, then, the cumulative residual standard deviation plot is a graphical tool to help assess
1. which models are poor (least desirable); and
2. which models are good but complex (more desirable); and
3. which models are good and simple (most desirable).
Output The outputs from the cumulative residual standard deviation plot are
1. Primary: A good-fitting prediction equation consisting of an additive constant plus the most important main effects and interactions.
2. Secondary: The residual standard deviation for this good-fitting model.
Definition A cumulative residual sd plot is formed by
1. Vertical Axis: Ordered (largest to smallest) residual standard deviations of a sequence of progressively more complicated fitted models.
2. Horizontal Axis: Factor/interaction identification of the last term included into the linear model:
1 indicates factor X1;
2 indicates factor X2;
...
12 indicates the 2-factor X1*X2 interaction
123 indicates the 3-factor X1*X2*X3 interaction
etc.
3. Far right margin: Factor/interaction identification (built-in redundancy):
1 indicates factor X1;
2 indicates factor X2;
...
12 indicates the 2-factor X1*X2 interaction
123 indicates the 3-factor X1*X2*X3 interaction
etc.
If the design is a fractional factorial, the confounding structure is provided for main effects and 2-factor interactions.
The cumulative residual standard deviations plot is thus a Pareto-style, largest to smallest, graphical summary of residual standard deviations for a selected series of progressively more complicated linear models.
The plot shows, from left to right, a model with only a constant and the model then augmented by including, one at a time, remaining factors and interactions. Each factor and interaction is incorporated into the model in an additive (rather than in a multiplicative or logarithmic or power, etc. fashion). At any stage, the ordering of the next term to be added to the model is such that it will result in the maximal decrease in the resulting residual standard deviation.
Motivation This section addresses the following questions:
Plot for defective springs data Applying the cumulative residual standard deviation plot to the defective springs data set yields the following plot.
How to interpret As discussed in detail under question 4 in the Motivation section, the cumulative residual standard deviation "curve" will characteristically decrease left to right as we add more terms to the model. The incremental improvement (decrease) tends to be large at the beginning when important factors are being added, but then the decrease tends to be marginal at the end as unimportant factors are being added.
Including all terms would yield a perfect fit (residual standard deviation = 0) but would also result in an unwieldy model. Including only the first term (the average) would yield a simple model (only one term!) but typically will fit poorly. Although a formal quantitative stopping rule can be developed based on statistical theory, a less-rigorous (but good) alternative stopping rule that is graphical, easy to use, and highly effective in practice is as follows:
Keep adding terms to the model until the curve's "elbow" is encountered. The "elbow point" is that value in which there is a consistent, noticeably shallower slope (decrease) in the curve. Include all terms up to (and including) the elbow point (after all, each of these included terms decreased the residual standard deviation by a large amount). Exclude any terms after the elbow point since all such successive terms decreased the residual standard deviation so slowly that the terms were "not worth the complication of keeping".
From the residual standard deviation plot for the defective springs data, we note the following:
1. The residual standard deviation (rsd) for the "baseline" model
$$\hat{Y} = \bar{Y} = 71.25$$
is sres = 13.7.
2. As we add the next term, X1, the rsd drops nearly 7 units (from 13.7 to 6.6).
3. If we add the term X1*X3, the rsd drops another 3 units (from 6.6 to 3.4).
4. If we add the term X2, the rsd drops another 2 units (from 3.4 to 1.5).
5. When the term X3 is added, the reduction in the rsd (from about 1.5 to 1.3) is negligible.
6. Thereafter to the end, the total reduction in the rsd is from only 1.3 to 0.
In step 5, note that when we have effects of equal magnitude (the X3 effect is equal to the X1*X2 interaction effect), we prefer including a main effect before an interaction effect and a lower-order interaction effect before a higher-order interaction effect.
In this case, the "kink" in the residual standard deviation curve is at the X2 term. Prior to that, all added terms (including X2) reduced the rsd by a large amount (7, then 3, then 2). After the addition of X2, the reduction in the rsd was small (all less than 1): 0.2, then 0.8, then 0.5, then 0.
The final recommended model in this case thus involves p = 4 terms:
1. the average
2. factor X1
3. the X1*X3 interaction
4. factor X2
The fitted model thus takes on the form
$$\hat{Y} = \bar{Y} + B_{1}X_{1} + B_{13}X_{1}X_{3} + B_{2}X_{2}$$
The least-squares estimates for the coefficients in this model are
$$\hat{Y}$$ = 71.25
B1 = 11.5
B13 = 5
B2 = -2.5
The B1 = 11.5, B13 = 5, and B2 = -2.5 least-squares values are, of course, one half of the estimated effects E1 = 23, E13 = 10, and E2 = -5. Effects, calculated as $$\hat{Y}$$(+1) - $$\hat{Y}$$(-1), were previously derived in step 7 of the recommended 10-step DOE analysis procedure.
The final fitted model is thus
$$\hat{Y} = 71.25 + 11.5 X_{1} + 5 X_{1}X_{3} - 2.5 X_{2}$$
Applying this prediction equation to the 8 design points yields: predicted values $$\hat{Y}$$ that are close to the data Y, and residuals (Res = Y - $$\hat{Y}$$) that are close to zero:
X1 X2 X3 Y $$\hat{Y}$$ Res
- - - 67 67.25 -0.25
+ - - 79 80.25 -1.25
- + - 61 62.25 -1.25
+ + - 75 75.25 -0.25
- - + 59 57.25 +1.75
+ - + 90 90.25 -0.25
- + + 52 52.25 -0.25
+ + + 87 85.25 +1.75
Computing the residual standard deviation:
$$s_{res} = \sqrt{ \frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}{r_{i}^{2}}} {n-p} }$$
with n = 8 data points, and p = 4 estimated coefficients (including the average) yields
sres = 1.54 (or 1.5 if rounded to 1 decimal place)
The detailed sres = 1.54 calculation brings us full circle, for 1.54 is the value given above the X3 term on the cumulative residual standard deviation plot.
Conclusions for the defective springs data The application of the Cumulative Residual Standard Deviation Plot to the defective springs data set results in the following conclusions:
1. Good-fitting Parsimonious (constant + 3 terms) Model:
$$\hat{Y} = 71.25 + 11.5 X_{1} + 5 X_{1}X_{3} - 2.5 X_{2}$$
2. Residual Standard Deviation for this Model (as a measure of the goodness-of-fit for the model):
sres = 1.54
| 2017-10-17T14:47:28 |
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|
http://pdglive.lbl.gov/DataBlock.action?node=S008POL&home=sumtabM
|
# ${{\boldsymbol \pi}^{+}}$ $\rightarrow$ ${{\boldsymbol \mu}^{+}}{{\boldsymbol \nu}}$ INSPIRE search
Tests the Lorentz structure of leptonic charged weak interactions.
VALUE CL% DOCUMENT ID TECN CHG COMMENT
• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •
$\text{<(-0.9959)}$ 90 1
1984
RVUE +
$-0.99$ $\pm0.16$ 2
1983
SPEC - ${{\mathit \mu}}$ $\mathit X$-rays
1 FETSCHER 1984 uses only the measurement of CARR 1983 .
2 Sign of measurement reversed in ABELA 1983 to compare with ${{\mathit \mu}^{+}}$ measurements.
References:
FETSCHER 1984
PL 140B 117 Helicity of the ${{\mathit \nu}_{{\mu}}}$ in ${{\mathit \pi}^{+}}$ Decay: a Comment on the Measurement of P$_{{{\mathit \mu}}}{{\mathit \Xi}}{{\mathit \Delta}}/{{\mathit \rho}}$ in Muon Decay
ABELA 1983
NP A395 413 Measurements of the Polarization of the 2p and 1s States in Muonic Atoms and the Helicity of the Muon in Pion Decay
| 2019-12-09T05:41:51 |
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|
https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10370034-tidal-distortions-ngc1052-df2-ngc1052-df4-independent-evidence-lack-dark-matter
|
Tidal Distortions in NGC1052-DF2 and NGC1052-DF4: Independent Evidence for a Lack of Dark Matter
Abstract
Two ultra-diffuse galaxies in the same group, NGC1052-DF2 and NGC1052-DF4, have been found to have little or no dark matter and to host unusually luminous globular cluster populations. Such low-mass diffuse objects in a group environment are easily disrupted and are expected to show evidence of tidal distortions. In this work, we present deep new imaging of the NGC1052 group, obtained with the Dragonfly Telephoto Array, to test this hypothesis. We find that both galaxies show strong position-angle twists and are significantly more elongated at their outskirts than in their interiors. The group’s central massive elliptical NGC1052 is the most likely source of these tidal disturbances. The observed distortions imply that the galaxies have a low total mass or are very close to NGC1052. Considering constraints on the galaxies’ relative distances, we infer that the dark matter halo masses of these galaxies cannot be much greater than their stellar masses. Calculating pericenters from the distortions, we find that the galaxies are on highly elliptical orbits, with a ratio of pericenter to present-day radiusRperi/R0∼ 0.1 if the galaxies are dark matter–free andRperi/R0∼ 0.01 if they have a normal dark halo. Our findings provide strong evidence, independent of kinematic constraints, that more »
Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10370034
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal
Volume:
935
Issue:
2
Page Range or eLocation-ID:
Article No. 160
ISSN:
0004-637X
Publisher:
DOI PREFIX: 10.3847
National Science Foundation
##### More Like this
1. ABSTRACT Core formation and runaway core collapse in models with self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) significantly alter the central density profiles of collapsed haloes. Using a forward modelling inference framework with simulated data-sets, we demonstrate that flux ratios in quadruple image strong gravitational lenses can detect the unique structural properties of SIDM haloes, and statistically constrain the amplitude and velocity dependence of the interaction cross-section in haloes with masses between 106 and 1010 M⊙. Measurements on these scales probe self-interactions at velocities below $30 \ \rm {km} \ \rm {s^{-1}}$, a relatively unexplored regime of parameter space, complimenting constraints at higher velocities from galaxies and clusters. We cast constraints on the amplitude and velocity dependence of the interaction cross-section in terms of σ20, the cross-section amplitude at $20 \ \rm {km} \ \rm {s^{-1}}$. With 50 lenses, a sample size available in the near future, and flux ratios measured from spatially compact mid-IR emission around the background quasar, we forecast $\sigma _{20} \lt 11\rm {\small {--}}23 \ \rm {cm^2} \rm {g^{-1}}$ at $95 {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ CI, depending on the amplitude of the subhalo mass function, and assuming cold dark matter (CDM). Alternatively, if \$\sigma _{20} = 19.2 \ \rmmore »
2. Abstract
The thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (tSZ) effect is a powerful tool with the potential for constraining directly the properties of the hot gas that dominates dark matter halos because it measures pressure and thus thermal energy density. Studying this hot component of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) is important because it is strongly impacted by star formation and active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity in galaxies, participating in the feedback loop that regulates star and black hole mass growth in galaxies. We study the tSZ effect across a wide halo-mass range using three cosmological hydrodynamical simulations: Illustris-TNG, EAGLE, and FIRE-2. Specifically, we present the scaling relation between the tSZ signal and halo mass and the (mass-weighted) radial profiles of gas density, temperature, and pressure for all three simulations. The analysis includes comparisons to Planck tSZ observations and to the thermal pressure profile inferred from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) measurements. We compare these tSZ data to simulations to interpret the measurements in terms of feedback and accretion processes in the CGM. We also identify as-yet unobserved potential signatures of these processes that may be visible in future measurements, which will have the capability of measuring tSZ signals to even lower masses. We alsomore »
3. Abstract
While it is generally believed that supermassive black holes (SMBHs) lie in most galaxies with bulges, few SMBHs have been confirmed in bulgeless galaxies. Identifying such a population could provide important insights to the BH seed population and secular BH growth. To this end, we obtained near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic observations of a sample of low-redshift bulgeless galaxies with mid-infrared colors suggestive of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We find additional evidence of AGN activity (such as coronal lines and broad permitted lines) in 69% (9/13) of the sample, demonstrating that mid-infrared selection is a powerful tool to detect AGNs. More than half of the galaxies with confirmed AGN activity show fast outflows in [Oiii] in the optical and/or [Sivi] in the NIR, with the latter generally having much faster velocities that are also correlated to their spatial extent. We are also able to obtain virial BH masses for some targets and find they fall within the scatter of other late-type galaxies in theMBHMstellarrelation. The fact that they lack a significant bulge component indicates that secular processes, likely independent of major mergers, grew these BHs to supermassive sizes. Finally, we analyze the rotational gas kinematics and find two notable exceptions: twomore »
4. Abstract
We use a recent census of the Milky Way (MW) satellite galaxy population to constrain the lifetime of particle dark matter (DM). We consider two-body decaying dark matter (DDM) in which a heavy DM particle decays with lifetimeτcomparable to the age of the universe to a lighter DM particle (with mass splittingϵ) and to a dark radiation species. These decays impart a characteristic “kick velocity,”Vkick=ϵc, on the DM daughter particles, significantly depleting the DM content of low-mass subhalos and making them more susceptible to tidal disruption. We fit the suppression of the present-day DDM subhalo mass function (SHMF) as a function ofτandVkickusing a suite of high-resolution zoom-in simulations of MW-mass halos, and we validate this model on new DDM simulations of systems specifically chosen to resemble the MW. We implement our DDM SHMF predictions in a forward model that incorporates inhomogeneities in the spatial distribution and detectability of MW satellites and uncertainties in the mapping between galaxies and DM halos, the properties of the MW system, and the disruption of subhalos by the MW disk using an empirical model for the galaxy–halo connection. By comparing to the observed MW satellite population, we conservatively exclude DDM models withτ< 18 Gyrmore »
5. Abstract
We analyze circular velocity profiles of seven ultradiffuse galaxies (UDGs) that are isolated and gas-rich. Assuming that the dark matter halos of these UDGs have a Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) density profile or a Read density profile (which allows for constant-density cores), the inferred halo concentrations are systematically lower than the cosmological median, even as low as −0.6 dex (about 5σaway) in some cases. Alternatively, similar fits can be obtained with a density profile that scales roughly as 1/r2for radii larger than a few kiloparsecs. Both solutions require the radius where the halo circular velocity peaks ($Rmax$) to be much larger than the median expectation. Surprisingly, we find an overabundance of such large-$Rmax$halos in the IllustrisTNG dark-matter-only simulations compared to the Gaussian expectation. These halos form late and have higher spins compared to median halos of similar masses. The inner densities of the most extreme among these late-forming halos are higher than their NFW counterparts, leading to a ∼1/r2density profile. However, the two well-resolved UDGs in our sample strongly prefer lower dark matter densities in the center than the simulated ones. Comparing to IllustrisTNG hydrodynamical simulations, we also find a tension in getting both lowmore »
| 2023-02-05T05:45:37 |
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|
https://arrow.fandom.com/wiki/User_talk:The_Immortal_Selene
|
7,854 Pages
# The Immortal Selene
My favorite wikis
• I live in Los Angeles
## Welcome
Hi, I'm an admin for the Arrowverse Wiki community. Welcome and thank you for your edit to Sara Lance! If you need help getting started, check out our help pages or contact me or another admin here. For general help, you could also stop by Community Central to explore the forums and blogs.
Please leave me a message if I can help with anything. Enjoy your time at Arrowverse Wiki!
## RE: Reverting my Samandra Watson edit
Your assumptions on her are more personal biased, it isn't an accurate description of her, as she hasn't broken any laws to do what she's done, sure she's bent them, but never broken them to my knowledge, so she isn't being hypocritical at all. Wraiyf You know, I'm getting real tired of people and their lazy writing 02:28, March 8, 2018 (UTC)
Although that may be the case, we've never actually seen her break any laws, sure she believes that and/or has stated that, however we haven't seen her do anything of the sort, therefore at the moment saying she's a hypocrite is heresay. Wraiyf You know, I'm getting real tired of people and their lazy writing 09:01, March 8, 2018 (UTC)
Until she does such a thing to prove her hypocrisy, do not place it in her article, end of discussion. Wraiyf You know, I'm getting real tired of people and their lazy writing 23:33, March 8, 2018 (UTC)
## Moving pages
Please use the {{move}} template when you want a page moved. An admin or content mod will deal with it. You don't create a new page and take all the credit for it.TIMESHADE |Talk/Wall| - |C| 07:30, March 25, 2019 (UTC)
Again, you do not create a page to "move" the information over. That is plagiarism and is illegal. Please use the move template when a page needs to be moved. $\int$ IHH dt 4:40, Jan 23, 2020 (UTC)
The problem is that everything you added you essentially added saying that you wrote all of the code on that page yourself. That is wrong. That is plagiarism. Other's edited there as well. Whereas if you add the move template and an admin renames the page, it takes all of the page history along with it as well. That is the appropriate way to do things. IHBot (talk)
Correct, you copied and pasted other people's work and pressed saved. Now on the page history, it only shows your username. So that basically means that you are the one that created all of this information on the page. That is in fact plagiarism. That is why if you let an admin use the move template, it preserves the edit history and you aren't inadvertently claiming all of it to be your own work. IHBot (talk)
So by hitting "publish" you are claiming the work as your own. So yes you did copy and paste material that is not yours and claimed it is yours when you hit publish. Second, you did not "move" the page. You copy and pasted information. It completely got rid of the edit history and so the people that worked on it no longer show up on the history section. I understand that the page title was wrong and it would have been fixed if you would have had patience, but because you chose to incorrectly "move" a page, it erased the record of people's work and you claimed it to be your own when you hit publish. Further, most of the pages in the move category are there because their move is either unnecessary or still a topic of discussion. Those that NEED to be moved 100% are moved. Those that aren't are still in the move category. Moral of the story, that is not how you move a page. An admin already warned you of this. Here is another warning. If you do this form of plagiarism again, you will be blocked. End of discussion. IHBot (talk)
## Re:Antimatter cannon
Because, it says the most powerful weapon in existence. If we reword that it would make more sense but right now, saying the ultimate weapon in existence doesn't make much sense really grammatically. Thanks,
Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted.
| 2020-01-29T20:32:09 |
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https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai%3Akarniadakis.george-em
|
# zbMATH — the first resource for mathematics
Compute Distance To:
Documents Indexed: 287 Publications since 1986, including 10 Books
all top 5
#### Co-Authors
6 single-authored 16 Wan, Xiaoliang 15 Venturi, Daniele 14 Sherwin, Spencer J. 14 Zayernouri, Mohsen 14 Zhang, Zhongqiang 12 Perdikaris, Paris G. 12 Xiu, Dongbin 11 Mao, Zhiping 11 Zeng, Fanhai 10 Triantafyllou, Michael S. 9 Kirby, Robert M. II 9 Li, Zhen 9 Lucor, Didier 9 Raissi, Maziar 9 Song, Fangying 9 Su, Chau-Hsing 8 Caswell, Bruce 8 Dong, Suchuan 8 Lin, Guang 7 Evangelinos, Constantinos 7 Grinberg, Leopold 7 Lomtev, Igor 7 Maxey, Martin R. 7 Orszag, Steven Alan 7 Rozovskii, Boris L. 6 Cho, Heyrim 6 Choi, Minseok 6 Fedosov, Dmitry A. 6 Giannakouros, John G. 6 Pang, Guofei 6 Sirisup, Sirod 6 Wang, Zhi Cheng 6 Yu, Yue 6 Zhang, Dongkun 5 Cai, Wei 5 Constantinides, Yiannis 5 Deng, Mingge 5 Henderson, Ronald D. 5 Ma, Xia 5 Sidilkover, David 5 Warburton, Timothy C. E. 4 Babaee, Hessam 4 Baek, Hyoungsu 4 Bian, Xin 4 Bittencourt, Marco Lúcio 4 Cao, Wanrong 4 Kharazmi, Ehsan 4 Lei, Huan 4 Sapsis, Themistoklis P. 4 Symeonidis, Vasileios 4 Tang, Yuhang 4 Xu, Jin 4 Yang, Xiu 3 Ainsworth, Mark 3 Beskok, Ali 3 Foo, Jasmine 3 Guo, Ling 3 Jagtap, Ameya D. 3 Kevrekidis, Ioannis George 3 Kim, Changho 3 Lu, Lu 3 Meng, Xuhui 3 Patera, Anthony T. 3 Rockwell, Donald 3 Shu, Chi-Wang 3 Tretyakov, Michael V. 3 Triantafyllou, George S. 3 Zheng, Mengdi 3 Zheng, Xiaoning 2 Batcho, Paul F. 2 Bourguet, Rémi 2 Burrage, Kevin 2 Chryssostomidis, C. 2 Cockburn, Bernardo 2 Du, Yiqing 2 Gulian, Mamikon 2 Kaiktsis, Lambros 2 Karamanos, G.-S. 2 Li, Xuejin 2 Lischke, Anna 2 Liu, Wing Kam 2 Luo, Xian 2 Newman, David J. 2 Pivkin, Igor V. 2 Rønquist, Einar M. 2 Tang, Shaoqiang 2 Tartakovsky, Daniel M. 2 Turner, Ian William 2 Wang, Hong 2 Wang, Nan 2 Xie, Fangfang 2 Xu, Chuanju 2 Yazdani, Alireza 2 Yin, Minglang 2 Yosibash, Zohar 2 Yvonnet, Julien 2 Zhao, Xuan 1 Bangia, Anil K. 1 Bargos, Fabiano F. 1 Barouch, Eytan ...and 77 more Co-Authors
all top 5
#### Serials
83 Journal of Computational Physics 37 SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing 34 Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 29 Journal of Fluid Mechanics 7 International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 Journal of Scientific Computing 6 Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 4 SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis 3 International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 3 Applied Numerical Mathematics 3 Computational Mechanics 3 Communications in Computational Physics 3 Numerical Mathematics and Scientific Computation 2 Computers and Fluids 2 International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 2 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2 European Journal of Mechanics. B. Fluids 2 Multiscale Modeling & Simulation 1 Computers & Mathematics with Applications 1 Computers and Structures 1 Journal of Engineering Mathematics 1 Journal of Statistical Physics 1 Physics of Fluids, A 1 Fluid Dynamics Research 1 Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics 1 Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 1 Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences 1 Numerische Mathematik 1 Physica D 1 Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics 1 SIAM Review 1 Physics of Fluids 1 Electronic Journal of Differential Equations (EJDE) 1 Parallel Algorithms and Applications 1 Fractional Calculus & Applied Analysis 1 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 1 Flow, Turbulence and Combustion 1 HERMIS-$$\mu\pi$$. Hellenic European Research on Mathematics and Informatics Science 1 Applied Mathematical Sciences 1 Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics 1 Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering 1 Journal of Theoretical Biology 1 Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. A. Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 1 Handbook of Fractional Calculus with Applications 1 Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation
all top 5
#### Fields
159 Fluid mechanics (76-XX) 132 Numerical analysis (65-XX) 70 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 52 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 34 Mechanics of deformable solids (74-XX) 23 Ordinary differential equations (34-XX) 20 Computer science (68-XX) 18 Biology and other natural sciences (92-XX) 13 Statistics (62-XX) 10 Statistical mechanics, structure of matter (82-XX) 8 Dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-XX) 7 Approximations and expansions (41-XX) 6 Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer (80-XX) 6 Geophysics (86-XX) 5 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 4 Optics, electromagnetic theory (78-XX) 3 Real functions (26-XX) 2 Mechanics of particles and systems (70-XX) 1 Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory (15-XX) 1 Special functions (33-XX) 1 Integral equations (45-XX) 1 Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization (49-XX) 1 Convex and discrete geometry (52-XX) 1 Quantum theory (81-XX)
#### Citations contained in zbMATH Open
254 Publications have been cited 7,145 times in 4,263 Documents Cited by Year
The Wiener–Askey polynomial chaos for stochastic differential equations. Zbl 1014.65004
2002
High-order splitting methods for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Zbl 0738.76050
Karniadakis, George Em; Israeli, Moshe; Orszag, Steven A.
1991
Spectral/$$hp$$ element methods for computational fluid dynamics. 2nd ed. Zbl 1116.76002
Karniadakis, George Em; Sherwin, Spencer J.
2005
The development of discontinuous Galerkin methods. Zbl 0989.76045
Cockburn, Bernardo; Karniadakis, George E.; Shu, Chi-Wang
2000
Spectral/hp element methods for CFD. Zbl 0954.76001
Karniadakis, George Em; Sherwin, Spencer J.
1999
Modeling uncertainty in flow simulations via generalized polynomial chaos. Zbl 1047.76111
2003
An adaptive multi-element generalized polynomial chaos method for stochastic differential equations. Zbl 1078.65008
2005
Microflows and nanoflows. Fundamentals and simulation. Foreword by Chih-Ming Ho. Zbl 1115.76003
Karniadakis, George; Beskok, Ali; Narayan, Aluru
2005
Multi-element generalized polynomial chaos for arbitrary probability measures. Zbl 1128.65009
2006
Modeling uncertainty in steady state diffusion problems via generalized polynomial chaos. Zbl 1016.65001
2002
Low-dimensional models for complex geometry flows: Application to grooved channels and circular cylinders. Zbl 0746.76021
Deane, A. E.; Kevrekidis, I. G.; Karniadakis, G. E.; Orszag, S. A.
1991
Fractional spectral collocation method. Zbl 1294.65097
2014
Fractional Sturm-Liouville eigen-problems: theory and numerical approximation. Zbl 1349.34095
2013
Physics-informed neural networks: a deep learning framework for solving forward and inverse problems involving nonlinear partial differential equations. Zbl 1415.68175
Raissi, M.; Perdikaris, P.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2019
Spectral/$$hp$$ element methods for computational fluid dynamics. Reprint of the 2nd hardback ed. (2005). Zbl 1256.76003
Karniadakis, George Em; Sherwin, Spencer J.
2013
A spectral vanishing viscosity method for large eddy simulations. Zbl 0984.76036
Karamanos, G. S.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2000
Exponentially accurate spectral and spectral element methods for fractional ODEs. Zbl 1349.65257
2014
A semi-Lagrangian high-order method for Navier-Stokes equations. Zbl 1028.76026
2001
Fractional spectral collocation methods for linear and nonlinear variable order FPDEs. Zbl 1349.65531
2015
A spectral viscosity method for correcting the long-term behavior of POD models. Zbl 1136.76412
2004
The multi-element probabilistic collocation method (ME-PCM): Error analysis and applications. Zbl 1153.65008
Foo, Jasmine; Wan, Xiaoliang; Karniadakis, George Em
2008
Second-order approximations for variable order fractional derivatives: algorithms and applications. Zbl 1349.65092
Zhao, Xuan; Sun, Zhi-zhong; Karniadakis, George Em
2015
A triangular spectral element method; applications to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Zbl 1075.76621
Sherwin, S. J.; Karniadakis, G. E.
1995
Multi-element probabilistic collocation method in high dimensions. Zbl 1181.65014
2010
Hidden physics models: machine learning of nonlinear partial differential equations. Zbl 1381.68248
2018
Three-dimensional dynamics and transition to turbulence in the wake of bluff objects. Zbl 0754.76043
Karniadakis, George Em; Triantafyllou, George S.
1992
A low-dimensional model for simulating three-dimensional cylinder flow. Zbl 1001.76043
2002
A new triangular and tetrahedral basis for high-order $$(hp)$$ finite element methods. Zbl 0837.73075
Sherwin, Spencer J.; Karniadakis, George Em.
1995
Long-term behavior of polynomial chaos in stochastic flow simulations. Zbl 1123.76058
2006
Discontinuous Galerkin methods. Theory, computation and applications. 1st international symposium on DGM, Newport, RI, USA, May 24–26, 1999. Zbl 0935.00043
Cockburn, Bernardo (ed.); Karniadakis, George E. (ed.); Shu, Chi-Wang (ed.)
2000
A unified Petrov-Galerkin spectral method for fractional PDEs. Zbl 1425.65127
Zayernouri, Mohsen; Ainsworth, Mark; Karniadakis, George Em.
2015
De-aliasing on non-uniform grids: algorithms and applications. Zbl 1161.76534
Kirby, Robert M.; Karniadakis, George Em
2003
Discontinuous spectral element methods for time- and space-fractional advection equations. Zbl 1304.35757
2014
Frequency selection and asymptotic states in laminar wakes. Zbl 0659.76043
Karniadakis, George Em; Triantafyllou, George S.
1989
Inferring solutions of differential equations using noisy multi-fidelity data. Zbl 1382.65229
Raissi, Maziar; Perdikaris, Paris; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Machine learning of linear differential equations using Gaussian processes. Zbl 1380.68339
Raissi, Maziar; Perdikaris, Paris; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Reweighted $$\ell_1$$ minimization method for stochastic elliptic differential equations. Zbl 1349.60113
2013
Onset of three-dimensionality, equilibria, and early transition in flow over a backward-facing step. Zbl 0728.76057
Kaiktsis, Lambros; Karniadakis, George Em; Orszag, Steven A.
1991
A generalized spectral collocation method with tunable accuracy for variable-order fractional differential equations. Zbl 1339.65197
Zeng, Fanhai; Zhang, Zhongqiang; Karniadakis, George Em
2015
Dynamics and low-dimensionality of a turbulent near wake. Zbl 0987.76041
Ma, X.; Karamanos, G.-S.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2000
Micro flows. Fundamentals and simulation. Zbl 0998.76002
2002
Adaptive ANOVA decomposition of stochastic incompressible and compressible flows. Zbl 1408.76428
Yang, Xiu; Choi, Minseok; Lin, Guang; Karniadakis, George Em
2012
A new stochastic approach to transient heat conduction modeling with uncertainty. Zbl 1038.80003
2003
Time-dependent generalized polynomial chaos. Zbl 1201.65216
Gerritsma, Marc; van der Steen, Jan-Bart; Vos, Peter; Karniadakis, George
2010
Tetrahedral spectral elements for CFD. Zbl 0857.76044
Sherwin, S. J.; Karniadakis, G. E.
1995
A discontinuous Galerkin ALE method for compressible viscous flows in moving domains. Zbl 0956.76046
Lomtev, I.; Kirby, R. M.; Karniadakis, G. E.
1999
A combined direct numerical simulation–particle image velocimetry study of the turbulent near wake. Zbl 1177.76156
Dong, S.; Karniadakis, G. E.; Ekmekci, A.; Rockwell, D.
2006
Spectral polynomial chaos solutions of the stochastic advection equation. Zbl 1001.76084
Jardak, M.; Su, C.-H.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2002
Beyond Wiener-Askey expansions: handling arbitrary PDFs. Zbl 1102.65006
2006
A spectral method (of exponential convergence) for singular solutions of the diffusion equation with general two-sided fractional derivative. Zbl 1422.65428
2018
A discontinuous Galerkin method for the viscous MHD equations. Zbl 0954.76051
Warburton, T. C.; Karniadakis, G. E.
1999
Mechanisms of transverse motions in turbulent wall flows. Zbl 1039.76028
2003
Spectral element-Fourier methods for incompressible turbulent flows. Zbl 0722.76053
1990
Unstructured spectral element methods for simulation of turbulent flows. Zbl 0840.76070
Henderson, Ronald D.; Karniadakis, George Em
1995
A direct numerical simulation study of flow past a freely vibrating cable. Zbl 0901.76062
Newman, David J.; Karniadakis, George Em
1997
Fast difference schemes for solving high-dimensional time-fractional subdiffusion equations. Zbl 1352.65278
Zeng, Fanhai; Zhang, Zhongqiang; Karniadakis, George Em
2016
Tempered fractional Sturm-Liouville eigenproblems. Zbl 1323.34012
Zayernouri, Mohsen; Ainsworth, Mark; Karniadakis, George Em
2015
A robust and accurate outflow boundary condition for incompressible flow simulations on severely-truncated unbounded domains. Zbl 1349.76569
Dong, S.; Karniadakis, G. E.; Chryssostomidis, C.
2014
Unsteadiness and convective instabilities in two-dimensional flow over a backward-facing step. Zbl 0875.76111
Kaiktsis, Lambros; Karniadakis, George Em; Orszag, Steven A.
1996
Implicit-explicit difference schemes for nonlinear fractional differential equations with nonsmooth solutions. Zbl 1355.65104
Cao, Wanrong; Zeng, Fanhai; Zhang, Zhongqiang; Karniadakis, George Em
2016
A fractional phase-field model for two-phase flows with tunable sharpness: algorithms and simulations. Zbl 1423.76102
Song, Fangying; Xu, Chuanju; Karniadakis, George Em
2016
A generalized spectral collocation method with tunable accuracy for fractional differential equations with end-point singularities. Zbl 1431.65193
Zeng, Fanhai; Mao, Zhiping; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Drag reduction in wall-bounded turbulence via a transverse travelling wave. Zbl 1112.76373
Du, Yiqing; Symeonidis, V.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2002
Spectral and discontinuous spectral element methods for fractional delay equations. Zbl 1314.34159
Zayernouri, Mohsen; Cao, Wanrong; Zhang, Zhongqiang; Karniadakis, George Em
2014
Tetrahedral $$hp$$ finite elements: Algorithms and flow simulations. Zbl 0847.76038
Sherwin, S. J.; Karniadakis, G. E.
1996
Spectral/hp methods for viscous compressible flows on unstructured 2D meshes. Zbl 0929.76095
Lomtev, I.; Quillen, C. B.; Karniadakis, G. E.
1998
Numerical Gaussian processes for time-dependent and nonlinear partial differential equations. Zbl 1386.65030
Raissi, Maziar; Perdikaris, Paris; Karniadakis, George Em
2018
Equation-free/Galerkin-free POD-assisted computation of incompressible flows. Zbl 1213.76146
Sirisup, Sirod; Karniadakis, George Em; Xiu, Dongbin; Kevrekidis, Ioannis G.
2005
Petrov-Galerkin and spectral collocation methods for distributed order differential equations. Zbl 1367.65113
Kharazmi, Ehsan; Zayernouri, Mohsen; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Dynamics and flow structures in the turbulent wake of rigid and flexible cylinders subject to vortex-induced vibrations. Zbl 0983.76029
1999
A new method to impose no-slip boundary conditions in dissipative particle dynamics. Zbl 1177.76325
Pivkin, Igor V.; Karniadakis, George Em
2005
Basis functions for triangular and quadrilateral high-order elements. Zbl 0930.35016
Warburton, T. C.; Sherwin, S. J.; Karniadakis, G. E.
1999
A discontinuous Galerkin method for the Navier-Stokes equations. Zbl 0951.76041
1999
Systematic coarse-graining of spectrin-level red blood cell models. Zbl 1231.74311
Fedosov, Dmitry A.; Caswell, Bruce; Karniadakis, George Em
2010
Spectral element simulations of laminar and turbulent flows in complex geometries. Zbl 0678.76050
1989
Generalized polynomial chaos and random oscillators. Zbl 1060.70515
Lucor, D.; Su, C.-H.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2004
A convergence study of a new partitioned fluid-structure interaction algorithm based on fictitious mass and damping. Zbl 1426.76496
2012
Exact PDF equations and closure approximations for advective-reactive transport. Zbl 1349.35068
Venturi, D.; Tartakovsky, D. M.; Tartakovsky, A. M.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2013
Stability and accuracy of periodic flow solutions obtained by a POD-penalty method. Zbl 1070.35024
2005
Optimal error estimates of spectral Petrov-Galerkin and collocation methods for initial value problems of fractional differential equations. Zbl 1326.65100
Zhang, Zhongqiang; Zeng, Fanhai; Karniadakis, George Em
2015
Galerkin and discontinuous Galerkin spectral/$$hp$$ methods. Zbl 0924.76078
Warburton, T. C.; Lomtev, I.; Du, Y.; Sherwin, S. J.; Karniadakis, G. E.
1999
What is the fractional Laplacian? A comparative review with new results. Zbl 1453.35179
Lischke, Anna; Pang, Guofei; Gulian, Mamikon; Song, Fangying; Glusa, Christian; Zheng, Xiaoning; Mao, Zhiping; Cai, Wei; Meerschaert, Mark M.; Ainsworth, Mark; Karniadakis, George Em
2020
Generalized fictitious methods for fluid-structure interactions: analysis and simulations. Zbl 1349.76577
Yu, Yue; Baek, Hyoungsu; Karniadakis, George Em
2013
Spectral element methods for elliptic problems in nonsmooth domains. Zbl 0844.65082
1995
Stochastic low-dimensional modelling of a random laminar wake past a circular cylinder. Zbl 1146.76018
Venturi, Daniele; Wan, Xiaoliang; Karniadakis, George Em
2008
Numerical methods for stochastic partial differential equations with white noise. Zbl 1380.65021
2017
Gappy data and reconstruction procedures for flow past a cylinder. Zbl 1065.76159
2004
Three-dimensionality effects in flow around two tandem cylinders. Zbl 1156.76370
Papaioannou, Georgios V.; Yue, Dick K. P.; Triantafyllou, Michael S.; Karniadakis, George E.
2006
Second-order numerical methods for multi-term fractional differential equations: smooth and non-smooth solutions. Zbl 1439.65081
Zeng, Fanhai; Zhang, Zhongqiang; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Convolutionless Nakajima-Zwanzig equations for stochastic analysis in nonlinear dynamical systems. Zbl 1371.60119
2014
The stochastic piston problem. Zbl 1135.76334
Lin, Guang; Su, Chau-Hsing; Karniadakis, G. E.
2004
DPIV-driven flow simulation: a new computational paradigm. Zbl 1116.76413
Ma, X.; Karniadakis, G. E.; Park, H.; Gharib, M.
2003
Spectral distributed Lagrange multiplier method: algorithm and benchmark tests. Zbl 1115.76349
Dong, Suchuan; Liu, Dong; Maxey, Martin R.; Karniadakis, George Em
2004
Nonlinear information fusion algorithms for data-efficient multi-fidelity modelling. Zbl 1407.62252
Perdikaris, P.; Raissi, M.; Damianou, A.; Lawrence, N. D.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2017
A Petrov-Galerkin spectral method of linear complexity for fractional multiterm ODEs on the half line. Zbl 1367.65108
Lischke, Anna; Zayernouri, Mohsen; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Computing fractional Laplacians on complex-geometry domains: algorithms and simulations. Zbl 1380.65357
Song, Fangying; Xu, Chuanju; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
A computable evolution equation for the joint response-excitation probability density function of stochastic dynamical systems. Zbl 1365.92023
Venturi, D.; Sapsis, T. P.; Cho, H.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2012
Stochastic bifurcation analysis of Rayleigh-Bénard convection. Zbl 1189.76213
Venturi, Daniele; Wan, Xiaoliang; Karniadakis, George Em
2010
Supersensitivity due to uncertain boundary conditions. Zbl 1075.76623
2004
Adaptive generalized polynomial chaos for nonlinear random oscillators. Zbl 1075.65008
2004
DeepXDE: a deep learning library for solving differential equations. Zbl 1459.65002
Lu, Lu; Meng, Xuhui; Mao, Zhiping; Karniadakis, George Em
2021
Two-point stress-strain-rate correlation structure and non-local eddy viscosity in turbulent flows. Zbl 1461.76181
Clark Di Leoni, Patricio; Zaki, Tamer A.; Karniadakis, George; Meneveau, Charles
2021
What is the fractional Laplacian? A comparative review with new results. Zbl 1453.35179
Lischke, Anna; Pang, Guofei; Gulian, Mamikon; Song, Fangying; Glusa, Christian; Zheng, Xiaoning; Mao, Zhiping; Cai, Wei; Meerschaert, Mark M.; Ainsworth, Mark; Karniadakis, George Em
2020
Physics-informed neural networks for high-speed flows. Zbl 1442.76092
Mao, Zhiping; Jagtap, Ameya D.; Karniadakis, George Em
2020
Physics-informed generative adversarial networks for stochastic differential equations. Zbl 1440.60065
Yang, Liu; Zhang, Dongkun; Karniadakis, George Em
2020
Learning in modal space: solving time-dependent stochastic PDEs using physics-informed neural networks. Zbl 1440.60067
Zhang, Dongkun; Guo, Ling; Karniadakis, George Em
2020
Conservative physics-informed neural networks on discrete domains for conservation laws: applications to forward and inverse problems. Zbl 1442.92002
Jagtap, Ameya D.; Kharazmi, Ehsan; Karniadakis, George Em
2020
Adaptive activation functions accelerate convergence in deep and physics-informed neural networks. Zbl 1453.68165
Jagtap, Ameya D.; Kawaguchi, Kenji; Karniadakis, George Em
2020
A stabilized semi-implicit Fourier spectral method for nonlinear space-fractional reaction-diffusion equations. Zbl 1453.65370
Zhang, Hui; Jiang, Xiaoyun; Zeng, Fanhai; Karniadakis, George Em
2020
A fast solver for spectral elements applied to fractional differential equations using hierarchical matrix approximation. Zbl 1442.65144
Li, Xianjuan; Mao, Zhiping; Wang, Nan; Song, Fangying; Wang, Hong; Karniadakis, George Em
2020
A composite neural network that learns from multi-fidelity data: application to function approximation and inverse PDE problems. Zbl 1454.76006
2020
Physics-informed neural networks: a deep learning framework for solving forward and inverse problems involving nonlinear partial differential equations. Zbl 1415.68175
Raissi, M.; Perdikaris, P.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2019
FPINNs: fractional physics-informed neural networks. Zbl 1420.35459
Pang, Guofei; Lu, Lu; Karniadakis, George Em
2019
Deep learning of vortex-induced vibrations. Zbl 1415.76177
Raissi, Maziar; Wang, Zhicheng; Triantafyllou, Michael S.; Karniadakis, George Em
2019
Efficient multistep methods for tempered fractional calculus: algorithms and simulations. Zbl 07099350
Guo, Ling; Zeng, Fanhai; Turner, Ian; Burrage, Kevin; Karniadakis, George Em
2019
Multi-domain spectral collocation method for variable-order nonlinear fractional differential equations. Zbl 1440.65258
Zhao, Tinggang; Mao, Zhiping; Karniadakis, George Em
2019
Fractional Gray-Scott model: well-posedness, discretization, and simulations. Zbl 1440.35344
Wang, Tingting; Song, Fangying; Wang, Hong; Karniadakis, George Em
2019
An entropy-viscosity large eddy simulation study of turbulent flow in a flexible pipe. Zbl 1415.76369
Wang, Zhicheng; Triantafyllou, Michael S.; Constantinides, Yiannis; Karniadakis, George Em
2019
Machine learning of space-fractional differential equations. Zbl 1419.35209
Gulian, Mamikon; Raissi, Maziar; Perdikaris, Paris; Karniadakis, George
2019
Discovering a universal variable-order fractional model for turbulent Couette flow using a physics-informed neural network. Zbl 1434.76053
Mehta, Pavan Pranjivan; Pang, Guofei; Song, Fangying; Karniadakis, George Em
2019
Numerical methods. Zbl 1410.65001
2019
Mapping the properties of the vortex-induced vibrations of flexible cylinders in uniform oncoming flow. Zbl 1430.76091
Fan, Dixia; Wang, Zhicheng; Triantafyllou, Michael S.; Karniadakis, George Em
2019
Fractional magneto-hydrodynamics: algorithms and applications. Zbl 1416.76127
2019
A computational mechanics special issue on: data-driven modeling and simulation – theory, methods, and applications. Zbl 07095663
Liu, Wing Kam; Karniadakis, George; Tang, Shaoqiang; Yvonnet, Julien
2019
A spectral penalty method for two-sided fractional differential equations with General boundary conditions. Zbl 07099316
Wang, Nan; Mao, Zhiping; Huang, Chengming; Karniadakis, George Em
2019
Quantifying total uncertainty in physics-informed neural networks for solving forward and inverse stochastic problems. Zbl 1454.65008
Zhang, Dongkun; Lu, Lu; Guo, Ling; Karniadakis, George Em
2019
Hidden physics models: machine learning of nonlinear partial differential equations. Zbl 1381.68248
2018
A spectral method (of exponential convergence) for singular solutions of the diffusion equation with general two-sided fractional derivative. Zbl 1422.65428
2018
Numerical Gaussian processes for time-dependent and nonlinear partial differential equations. Zbl 1386.65030
Raissi, Maziar; Perdikaris, Paris; Karniadakis, George Em
2018
A Riesz basis Galerkin method for the tempered fractional Laplacian. Zbl 1402.65120
Zhang, Zhijiang; Deng, Weihua; Karniadakis, George Em
2018
A partitioned coupling framework for peridynamics and classical theory: analysis and simulations. Zbl 1440.74045
Yu, Yue; Bargos, Fabiano F.; You, Huaiqian; Parks, Michael L.; Bittencourt, Marco L.; Karniadakis, George E.
2018
A new class of semi-implicit methods with linear complexity for nonlinear fractional differential equations. Zbl 1404.65105
Zeng, Fanhai; Turner, Ian; Burrage, Kevin; Karniadakis, George Em
2018
A dissipative particle dynamics method for arbitrarily complex geometries. Zbl 1380.76123
Li, Zhen; Bian, Xin; Tang, Yu-Hang; Karniadakis, George Em
2018
A computational stochastic methodology for the design of random meta-materials under geometric constraints. Zbl 1398.60073
Tsantili, Ivi C.; Cho, Min Hyung; Cai, Wei; Karniadakis, George Em
2018
Multi-fidelity optimization of super-cavitating hydrofoils. Zbl 1439.74256
Bonfiglio, L.; Perdikaris, P.; Brizzolara, S.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2018
Stochastic domain decomposition via moment minimization. Zbl 1391.60167
Zhang, Dongkun; Babaee, Hessam; Karniadakis, George Em
2018
A spectral-element/Fourier smoothed profile method for large-eddy simulations of complex VIV problems. Zbl 1410.76320
Wang, Zhicheng; Triantafyllou, Michael S.; Constantinides, Yiannis; Karniadakis, George Em
2018
Active learning of constitutive relation from mesoscopic dynamics for macroscopic modeling of non-Newtonian flows. Zbl 1392.76058
Zhao, Lifei; Li, Zhen; Caswell, Bruce; Ouyang, Jie; Karniadakis, George Em
2018
Inferring solutions of differential equations using noisy multi-fidelity data. Zbl 1382.65229
Raissi, Maziar; Perdikaris, Paris; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Machine learning of linear differential equations using Gaussian processes. Zbl 1380.68339
Raissi, Maziar; Perdikaris, Paris; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
A generalized spectral collocation method with tunable accuracy for fractional differential equations with end-point singularities. Zbl 1431.65193
Zeng, Fanhai; Mao, Zhiping; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Petrov-Galerkin and spectral collocation methods for distributed order differential equations. Zbl 1367.65113
Kharazmi, Ehsan; Zayernouri, Mohsen; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Numerical methods for stochastic partial differential equations with white noise. Zbl 1380.65021
2017
Second-order numerical methods for multi-term fractional differential equations: smooth and non-smooth solutions. Zbl 1439.65081
Zeng, Fanhai; Zhang, Zhongqiang; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Nonlinear information fusion algorithms for data-efficient multi-fidelity modelling. Zbl 1407.62252
Perdikaris, P.; Raissi, M.; Damianou, A.; Lawrence, N. D.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2017
A Petrov-Galerkin spectral method of linear complexity for fractional multiterm ODEs on the half line. Zbl 1367.65108
Lischke, Anna; Zayernouri, Mohsen; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Computing fractional Laplacians on complex-geometry domains: algorithms and simulations. Zbl 1380.65357
Song, Fangying; Xu, Chuanju; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Discovering variable fractional orders of advection-dispersion equations from field data using multi-fidelity Bayesian optimization. Zbl 1419.62499
Pang, Guofei; Perdikaris, Paris; Cai, Wei; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Multi-fidelity Gaussian process regression for prediction of random fields. Zbl 1419.62272
Parussini, L.; Venturi, D.; Perdikaris, P.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2017
Adaptive finite element method for fractional differential equations using hierarchical matrices. Zbl 1439.65091
Zhao, Xuan; Hu, Xiaozhe; Cai, Wei; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
A tunable finite difference method for fractional differential equations with non-smooth solutions. Zbl 1439.65082
Chen, Xuejuan; Zeng, Fanhai; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Fractional Burgers equation with nonlinear non-locality: spectral vanishing viscosity and local discontinuous Galerkin methods. Zbl 1380.65280
2017
A robust bi-orthogonal/dynamically-orthogonal method using the covariance pseudo-inverse with application to stochastic flow problems. Zbl 1380.76093
Babaee, Hessam; Choi, Minseok; Sapsis, Themistoklis P.; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
A Petrov-Galerkin spectral element method for fractional elliptic problems. Zbl 1439.65205
Kharazmi, Ehsan; Zayernouri, Mohsen; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Dissipative particle dynamics: foundation, evolution, implementation, and applications. Zbl 1387.35496
Li, Z.; Bian, X.; Li, X.; Deng, M.; Tang, Y.-H.; Caswell, B.; Karniadakis, George E.
2017
Numerical methods for high-dimensional kinetic equations. Zbl 1404.65117
Cho, Heyrim; Venturi, Daniele; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Efficient two-dimensional simulations of the fractional Szabo equation with different time-stepping schemes. Zbl 1412.65091
Song, Fangying; Zeng, Fanhai; Cai, Wei; Chen, Wen; Karniadakis, George Em
2017
Fast difference schemes for solving high-dimensional time-fractional subdiffusion equations. Zbl 1352.65278
Zeng, Fanhai; Zhang, Zhongqiang; Karniadakis, George Em
2016
Implicit-explicit difference schemes for nonlinear fractional differential equations with nonsmooth solutions. Zbl 1355.65104
Cao, Wanrong; Zeng, Fanhai; Zhang, Zhongqiang; Karniadakis, George Em
2016
A fractional phase-field model for two-phase flows with tunable sharpness: algorithms and simulations. Zbl 1423.76102
Song, Fangying; Xu, Chuanju; Karniadakis, George Em
2016
Multifidelity information fusion algorithms for high-dimensional systems and massive data sets. Zbl 1342.62110
Perdikaris, Paris; Venturi, Daniele; Karniadakis, George Em
2016
Numerical methods for high-dimensional probability density function equations. Zbl 1349.65046
Cho, H.; Venturi, D.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2016
Fractional modeling of viscoelasticity in 3D cerebral arteries and aneurysms. Zbl 1415.74049
Yu, Yue; Perdikaris, Paris; Karniadakis, George Em
2016
Strong and weak convergence order of finite element methods for stochastic PDEs with spatial white noise. Zbl 1357.65013
Zhang, Zhongqiang; Rozovskii, Boris; Karniadakis, George Em.
2016
Multi-fidelity modelling of mixed convection based on experimental correlations and numerical simulations. Zbl 1383.76438
Babaee, H.; Perdikaris, P.; Chryssostomidis, C.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2016
Fractional-order uniaxial visco-elasto-plastic models for structural analysis. Zbl 1439.74077
Suzuki, J. L.; Zayernouri, M.; Bittencourt, M. L.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2016
Flow in complex domains simulated by dissipative particle dynamics driven by geometry-specific body-forces. Zbl 1349.76069
Yazdani, Alireza; Deng, Mingge; Caswell, Bruce; Karniadakis, George Em
2016
Fractional spectral collocation methods for linear and nonlinear variable order FPDEs. Zbl 1349.65531
2015
Second-order approximations for variable order fractional derivatives: algorithms and applications. Zbl 1349.65092
Zhao, Xuan; Sun, Zhi-zhong; Karniadakis, George Em
2015
A unified Petrov-Galerkin spectral method for fractional PDEs. Zbl 1425.65127
Zayernouri, Mohsen; Ainsworth, Mark; Karniadakis, George Em.
2015
A generalized spectral collocation method with tunable accuracy for variable-order fractional differential equations. Zbl 1339.65197
Zeng, Fanhai; Zhang, Zhongqiang; Karniadakis, George Em
2015
Tempered fractional Sturm-Liouville eigenproblems. Zbl 1323.34012
Zayernouri, Mohsen; Ainsworth, Mark; Karniadakis, George Em
2015
Optimal error estimates of spectral Petrov-Galerkin and collocation methods for initial value problems of fractional differential equations. Zbl 1326.65100
Zhang, Zhongqiang; Zeng, Fanhai; Karniadakis, George Em
2015
Time-splitting schemes for fractional differential equations I: Smooth solutions. Zbl 1320.65106
Cao, Wanrong; Zhang, Zhongqiang; Karniadakis, George Em
2015
Special issue on “Fractional PDEs: theory, numerics, and applications”. Zbl 1349.35004
2015
Numerical methods for stochastic delay differential equations via the Wong-Zakai approximation. Zbl 1329.60233
Cao, Wanrong; Zhang, Zhongqiang; Karniadakis, George Em
2015
Multi-resolution flow simulations by smoothed particle hydrodynamics via domain decomposition. Zbl 1349.76663
Bian, Xin; Li, Zhen; Karniadakis, George Em
2015
Numerical methods for SPDEs with tempered stable processes. Zbl 1320.65020
2015
Algorithms for propagating uncertainty across heterogeneous domains. Zbl 1347.60093
Cho, H.; Yang, X.; Venturi, D.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2015
Adaptive multi-element polynomial chaos with discrete measure: algorithms and application to SPDEs. Zbl 1326.65140
Zheng, Mengdi; Wan, Xiaoliang; Karniadakis, George Em
2015
Multiscale universal interface: a concurrent framework for coupling heterogeneous solvers. Zbl 1349.76738
Tang, Yu-Hang; Kudo, Shuhei; Bian, Xin; Li, Zhen; Karniadakis, George Em
2015
Wiener chaos versus stochastic collocation methods for linear advection-diffusion-reaction equations with multiplicative white noise. Zbl 1327.60133
Zhang, Zhongqiang; Tretyakov, Michael V.; Rozovskii, Boris; Karniadakis, George E.
2015
Adaptive Wick-Malliavin approximation to nonlinear SPDEs with discrete random variables. Zbl 1326.60099
Zheng, Mengdi; Rozovsky, Boris; Karniadakis, George E.
2015
U-shaped fairings suppress vortex-induced vibrations for cylinders in cross-flow. Zbl 1381.76141
Xie, Fangfang; Yu, Yue; Constantinides, Yiannis; Triantafyllou, Michael S.; Karniadakis, George Em
2015
Brownian motion of a Rayleigh particle confined in a channel: a generalized Langevin equation approach. Zbl 1317.82043
2015
Quantification of sampling uncertainty for molecular dynamics simulation: time-dependent diffusion coefficient in simple fluids. Zbl 1349.76762
Kim, Changho; Borodin, Oleg; Karniadakis, George Em
2015
Fractional spectral collocation method. Zbl 1294.65097
2014
Exponentially accurate spectral and spectral element methods for fractional ODEs. Zbl 1349.65257
2014
Discontinuous spectral element methods for time- and space-fractional advection equations. Zbl 1304.35757
2014
A robust and accurate outflow boundary condition for incompressible flow simulations on severely-truncated unbounded domains. Zbl 1349.76569
Dong, S.; Karniadakis, G. E.; Chryssostomidis, C.
2014
Spectral and discontinuous spectral element methods for fractional delay equations. Zbl 1314.34159
Zayernouri, Mohsen; Cao, Wanrong; Zhang, Zhongqiang; Karniadakis, George Em
2014
Convolutionless Nakajima-Zwanzig equations for stochastic analysis in nonlinear dynamical systems. Zbl 1371.60119
2014
Energy-conserving dissipative particle dynamics with temperature-dependent properties. Zbl 1349.76709
Li, Zhen; Tang, Yu-Hang; Lei, Huan; Caswell, Bruce; Karniadakis, George Em
2014
On the equivalence of dynamically orthogonal and bi-orthogonal methods: theory and numerical simulations. Zbl 1349.65535
Choi, Minseok; Sapsis, Themistoklis P.; Karniadakis, George Em
2014
Statistical analysis and simulation of random shocks in stochastic Burgers equation. Zbl 1371.76081
Cho, Heyrim; Venturi, Daniele; Karniadakis, George E.
2014
Probing red blood cell mechanics, rheology and dynamics with a two-component multi-scale model. Zbl 1353.92037
Li, Xuejin; Peng, Zhangli; Lei, Huan; Dao, Ming; Karniadakis, George Em
2014
A recursive sparse grid collocation method for differential equations with white noise. Zbl 1332.65015
Zhang, Z.; Tretyakov, M. V.; Rozovskii, B.; Karniadakis, G. E.
2014
Time correlation functions of Brownian motion and evaluation of friction coefficient in the near-Brownian-limit regime. Zbl 1327.82067
2014
A semi-local spectral/hp element solver for linear elasticity problems. Zbl 1352.74476
Yu, Yue; Bittencourt, Marco L.; Karniadakis, George Em.
2014
Fractional Sturm-Liouville eigen-problems: theory and numerical approximation. Zbl 1349.34095
2013
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167 Karniadakis, George Em 67 Sherwin, Spencer J. 39 Lin, Guang 36 Xiu, Dongbin 35 Wang, Hong 31 Thompson, Mark Christopher 27 Doostan, Alireza 25 Shen, Jie 24 Dehghan Takht Fooladi, Mehdi 23 Le Maître, Olivier P. 22 Narayan, Akil C. 21 Ghanem, Roger G. 21 Hourigan, Kerry 21 Venturi, Daniele 21 Zheng, Xiangcheng 20 Blackburn, Hugh M. 20 Schwab, Christoph 20 Zabaras, Nicholas J. 19 Kopriva, David Alan 18 Dumbser, Michael 18 Nobile, Fabio 18 Perdikaris, Paris G. 18 Rozza, Gianluigi 18 Shu, Chi-Wang 17 Jin, Shi 17 Lucor, Didier 17 Sagaut, Pierre 17 Zaky, Mahmoud A. 17 Zhou, Tao 16 Guo, Ben-Yu 16 Hesthaven, Jan S. 16 Noack, Bernd R. 16 Wang, Lilian 15 Abbaszadeh, Mostafa 15 Giraldo, Francis X. 15 Iaccarino, Gianluca 15 Mao, Zhiping 15 Wan, Xiaoliang 15 Warburton, Timothy 14 Baccouch, Mahboub 14 Jakeman, John Davis 14 Knio, Omar M. 14 Najm, Habib N. 14 Pasquetti, Richard 14 Quarteroni, Alfio M. 14 Tartakovsky, Daniel M. 14 Zeng, Fanhai 13 Ainsworth, Mark 13 Bourguet, Rémi 13 Dong, Suchuan 13 Elman, Howard C. 13 Jiang, Xiaoyun 13 Liu, Fawang 13 Machado, José António Tenreiro 13 Nordström, Jan 13 Pulch, Roland 13 Sheard, Gregory John 13 Xing, Yulong 13 Zayernouri, Mohsen 12 Boscheri, Walter 12 Congedo, Pietro Marco 12 Gerritsma, Marc I. 12 Matthies, Hermann Georg 12 Nouy, Anthony 12 Reddy, Junuthula Narasimha 12 Tartakovsky, Alexandre M. 12 Triantafyllou, Michael S. 12 Turner, Ian William 12 Zhang, Zhongqiang 11 Cheng, Liang 11 Dawson, Clint N. 11 Fischer, Paul F. 11 Gunzburger, Max D. 11 Guo, Ling 11 Leweke, Thomas 11 Li, Zhen 11 Luo, Hong 11 Maxey, Martin R. 11 Mishra, Siddhartha 11 Pavarino, Luca Franco 11 Soize, Christian 11 Stiller, Jörg 11 Xu, Chuanju 11 Yang, Xiu 11 Zhang, Dongxiao 11 Zhang, Zhimin 11 Zhang, Zhiwen 10 Bhrawy, Ali Hassan 10 Chan, Jesse 10 Deville, Michel O. 10 Ferrer, Esteban 10 Grigoriu, Mircea D. 10 Kronbichler, Martin 10 Li, Hong 10 Liu, Jianguo 10 Lo Jacono, David 10 Marzouk, Youssef M. 10 Peiró, Joaquim 10 Qiu, Jingmei 10 Raissi, Maziar ...and 6,048 more Authors
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#### Cited in 299 Serials
834 Journal of Computational Physics 351 Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 260 Journal of Fluid Mechanics 260 Journal of Scientific Computing 241 Computers and Fluids 136 SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing 127 Physics of Fluids 110 Applied Numerical Mathematics 101 Computers & Mathematics with Applications 95 Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 76 International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 71 Applied Mathematics and Computation 65 International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 65 SIAM/ASA Journal on Uncertainty Quantification 59 Applied Mathematical Modelling 51 Mathematics of Computation 46 European Journal of Mechanics. B. Fluids 34 Numerical Algorithms 33 Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 33 Computational Mechanics 31 SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis 28 Numerische Mathematik 27 Advances in Computational Mathematics 27 Computational Geosciences 26 International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 26 Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 25 Computational and Applied Mathematics 25 Mathematical Problems in Engineering 22 Fractional Calculus & Applied Analysis 21 Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements 20 European Series in Applied and Industrial Mathematics (ESAIM): Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis 19 Nonlinear Dynamics 18 Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 18 International Journal of Computer Mathematics 17 Journal of Engineering Mathematics 17 Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 16 Multiscale Modeling & Simulation 15 Physica D 15 Advances in Difference Equations 13 Journal of Statistical Physics 13 International Journal of Computational Methods 12 Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 12 Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 12 Applied Mathematics Letters 12 International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics 11 Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics 11 Mathematical and Computer Modelling 10 Computer Physics Communications 10 BIT 9 Acta Mechanica 9 M$$^3$$AS. Mathematical Models & Methods in Applied Sciences 9 Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena 8 Automatica 8 Chaos 8 European Journal of Mechanics. A. Solids 8 Journal of Turbulence 8 Journal of Computational Acoustics 8 Acta Mechanica Sinica 8 Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 8 Journal of Theoretical Biology 8 AMM. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics. (English Edition) 7 Meccanica 7 International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 7 Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 6 Journal of Mathematical Physics 6 ZAMP. Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 6 SIAM Review 6 Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics 6 Abstract and Applied Analysis 6 Computational Methods in Applied Mathematics 6 SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems 6 Acta Numerica 6 Communications in Applied and Industrial Mathematics 6 Stochastic and Partial Differential Equations. Analysis and Computations 6 East Asian Journal on Applied Mathematics 6 Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. A. Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 6 Results in Applied Mathematics 5 Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 5 SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization 5 Applied Mathematics and Mechanics. (English Edition) 5 Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics 5 Archive of Applied Mechanics 5 ZAMM. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik 5 Flow, Turbulence and Combustion 5 Foundations of Computational Mathematics 5 Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. Series B 5 Journal of Numerical Mathematics 5 Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing 5 Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 5 Research in the Mathematical Sciences 5 International Journal of Applied and Computational Mathematics 4 Inverse Problems 4 Journal of Mathematical Biology 4 Calcolo 4 Computing 4 Chinese Annals of Mathematics. Series B 4 SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications 4 Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences. Mathematical Sciences 4 Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 4 Computing and Visualization in Science ...and 199 more Serials
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#### Cited in 45 Fields
2,485 Numerical analysis (65-XX) 1,966 Fluid mechanics (76-XX) 1,196 Partial differential equations (35-XX) 423 Mechanics of deformable solids (74-XX) 408 Probability theory and stochastic processes (60-XX) 208 Ordinary differential equations (34-XX) 193 Statistics (62-XX) 174 Biology and other natural sciences (92-XX) 145 Real functions (26-XX) 131 Computer science (68-XX) 119 Statistical mechanics, structure of matter (82-XX) 111 Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer (80-XX) 99 Dynamical systems and ergodic theory (37-XX) 99 Approximations and expansions (41-XX) 91 Optics, electromagnetic theory (78-XX) 90 Systems theory; control (93-XX) 84 Geophysics (86-XX) 60 Calculus of variations and optimal control; optimization (49-XX) 51 Special functions (33-XX) 49 Integral equations (45-XX) 45 Operations research, mathematical programming (90-XX) 33 Mechanics of particles and systems (70-XX) 29 Information and communication theory, circuits (94-XX) 24 Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory (15-XX) 24 Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces (42-XX) 24 Game theory, economics, finance, and other social and behavioral sciences (91-XX) 19 Operator theory (47-XX) 12 Functional analysis (46-XX) 12 Quantum theory (81-XX) 11 Global analysis, analysis on manifolds (58-XX) 9 General and overarching topics; collections (00-XX) 9 Integral transforms, operational calculus (44-XX) 8 Difference and functional equations (39-XX) 5 Functions of a complex variable (30-XX) 4 Number theory (11-XX) 4 Astronomy and astrophysics (85-XX) 3 Differential geometry (53-XX) 2 History and biography (01-XX) 2 Combinatorics (05-XX) 2 Measure and integration (28-XX) 2 Relativity and gravitational theory (83-XX) 1 Mathematical logic and foundations (03-XX) 1 Potential theory (31-XX) 1 Convex and discrete geometry (52-XX) 1 Mathematics education (97-XX)
#### Wikidata Timeline
The data are displayed as stored in Wikidata under a Creative Commons CC0 License. Updates and corrections should be made in Wikidata.
| 2021-10-16T17:44:58 |
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|
https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10368340-topsy-turvy-integrating-global-view-sequence-based-ppi-prediction
|
Topsy-Turvy: integrating a global view into sequence-based PPI prediction
Abstract Summary
Computational methods to predict protein–protein interaction (PPI) typically segregate into sequence-based ‘bottom-up’ methods that infer properties from the characteristics of the individual protein sequences, or global ‘top-down’ methods that infer properties from the pattern of already known PPIs in the species of interest. However, a way to incorporate top-down insights into sequence-based bottom-up PPI prediction methods has been elusive. We thus introduce Topsy-Turvy, a method that newly synthesizes both views in a sequence-based, multi-scale, deep-learning model for PPI prediction. While Topsy-Turvy makes predictions using only sequence data, during the training phase it takes a transfer-learning approach by incorporating patterns from both global and molecular-level views of protein interaction. In a cross-species context, we show it achieves state-of-the-art performance, offering the ability to perform genome-scale, interpretable PPI prediction for non-model organisms with no existing experimental PPI data. In species with available experimental PPI data, we further present a Topsy-Turvy hybrid (TT-Hybrid) model which integrates Topsy-Turvy with a purely network-based model for link prediction that provides information about species-specific network rewiring. TT-Hybrid makes accurate predictions for both well- and sparsely-characterized proteins, outperforming both its constituent components as well as other state-of-the-art PPI prediction methods. Furthermore, running Topsy-Turvy and TT-Hybrid screens is more »
Availability and implementation
https://topsyturvy.csail.mit.edu.
Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Authors:
; ; ; ;
Award ID(s):
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10368340
Journal Name:
Bioinformatics
Volume:
38
Issue:
Supplement_1
Page Range or eLocation-ID:
p. i264-i272
ISSN:
1367-4803
Publisher:
Oxford University Press
National Science Foundation
##### More Like this
1. Abstract Background
Protein–protein interaction (PPI) is vital for life processes, disease treatment, and drug discovery. The computational prediction of PPI is relatively inexpensive and efficient when compared to traditional wet-lab experiments. Given a new protein, one may wish to find whether the protein has any PPI relationship with other existing proteins. Current computational PPI prediction methods usually compare the new protein to existing proteins one by one in a pairwise manner. This is time consuming.
Results
In this work, we propose a more efficient model, called deep hash learning protein-and-protein interaction (DHL-PPI), to predict all-against-all PPI relationships in a database of proteins. First, DHL-PPI encodes a protein sequence into a binary hash code based on deep features extracted from the protein sequences using deep learning techniques. This encoding scheme enables us to turn the PPI discrimination problem into a much simpler searching problem. The binary hash code for a protein sequence can be regarded as a number. Thus, in the pre-screening stage of DHL-PPI, the string matching problem of comparing a protein sequence against a database withMproteins can be transformed into a much more simpler problem: to find a number inside a sorted array of lengthM. This pre-screening process narrows down themore »
Conclusions
The experimental results confirmed that DHL-PPI is feasible and effective. Using a dataset with strictly negative PPI examples of four species, DHL-PPI is shown to be superior or competitive when compared to the other state-of-the-art methods in terms of precision, recall or F1 score. Furthermore, in the prediction stage, the proposed DHL-PPI reduced the time complexity from$$O(M^2)$$$O\left({M}^{2}\right)$to$$O(M\log M)$$$O\left(MlogM\right)$for performing an all-against-all PPI prediction for a database withMproteins. With the proposed approach, a protein database can be preprocessed and stored for later search using the proposed encoding scheme. This can provide a more efficient way to cope with the rapidly increasing volume of protein datasets.
2. Abstract Motivation
As an increasing amount of protein–protein interaction (PPI) data becomes available, their computational interpretation has become an important problem in bioinformatics. The alignment of PPI networks from different species provides valuable information about conserved subnetworks, evolutionary pathways and functional orthologs. Although several methods have been proposed for global network alignment, there is a pressing need for methods that produce more accurate alignments in terms of both topological and functional consistency.
Results
In this work, we present a novel global network alignment algorithm, named ModuleAlign, which makes use of local topology information to define a module-based homology score. Based on a hierarchical clustering of functionally coherent proteins involved in the same module, ModuleAlign employs a novel iterative scheme to find the alignment between two networks. Evaluated on a diverse set of benchmarks, ModuleAlign outperforms state-of-the-art methods in producing functionally consistent alignments. By aligning Pathogen–Human PPI networks, ModuleAlign also detects a novel set of conserved human genes that pathogens preferentially target to cause pathogenesis.
Availability
http://ttic.uchicago.edu/∼hashemifar/ModuleAlign.html
Contact
[email protected] or j3xu.ttic.edu
Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
3. Abstract Motivation
Computational methods for compound–protein affinity and contact (CPAC) prediction aim at facilitating rational drug discovery by simultaneous prediction of the strength and the pattern of compound–protein interactions. Although the desired outputs are highly structure-dependent, the lack of protein structures often makes structure-free methods rely on protein sequence inputs alone. The scarcity of compound–protein pairs with affinity and contact labels further limits the accuracy and the generalizability of CPAC models.
Results
To overcome the aforementioned challenges of structure naivety and labeled-data scarcity, we introduce cross-modality and self-supervised learning, respectively, for structure-aware and task-relevant protein embedding. Specifically, protein data are available in both modalities of 1D amino-acid sequences and predicted 2D contact maps that are separately embedded with recurrent and graph neural networks, respectively, as well as jointly embedded with two cross-modality schemes. Furthermore, both protein modalities are pre-trained under various self-supervised learning strategies, by leveraging massive amount of unlabeled protein data. Our results indicate that individual protein modalities differ in their strengths of predicting affinities or contacts. Proper cross-modality protein embedding combined with self-supervised learning improves model generalizability when predicting both affinities and contacts for unseen proteins.
Availability and implementation
Data and source codes are available at https://github.com/Shen-Lab/CPAC.
Supplementary information
Supplementary data aremore »
4. (Ed.)
Abstract Motivation Transferring knowledge between species is challenging: different species contain distinct proteomes and cellular architectures, which cause their proteins to carry out different functions via different interaction networks. Many approaches to protein functional annotation use sequence similarity to transfer knowledge between species. These approaches cannot produce accurate predictions for proteins without homologues of known function, as many functions require cellular context for meaningful prediction. To supply this context, network-based methods use protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks as a source of information for inferring protein function and have demonstrated promising results in function prediction. However, most of these methods are tied to a network for a single species, and many species lack biological networks. Results In this work, we integrate sequence and network information across multiple species by computing IsoRank similarity scores to create a meta-network profile of the proteins of multiple species. We use this integrated multispecies meta-network as input to train a maxout neural network with Gene Ontology terms as target labels. Our multispecies approach takes advantage of more training examples, and consequently leads to significant improvements in function prediction performance compared to two network-based methods, a deep learning sequence-based method and the BLAST annotation method used in themore »
5. Abstract Motivation
Most proteins perform their biological functions through interactions with other proteins in cells. Amino acid mutations, especially those occurring at protein interfaces, can change the stability of protein–protein interactions (PPIs) and impact their functions, which may cause various human diseases. Quantitative estimation of the binding affinity changes (ΔΔGbind) caused by mutations can provide critical information for protein function annotation and genetic disease diagnoses.
Results
We present SSIPe, which combines protein interface profiles, collected from structural and sequence homology searches, with a physics-based energy function for accurate ΔΔGbind estimation. To offset the statistical limits of the PPI structure and sequence databases, amino acid-specific pseudocounts were introduced to enhance the profile accuracy. SSIPe was evaluated on large-scale experimental data containing 2204 mutations from 177 proteins, where training and test datasets were stringently separated with the sequence identity between proteins from the two datasets below 30%. The Pearson correlation coefficient between estimated and experimental ΔΔGbind was 0.61 with a root-mean-square-error of 1.93 kcal/mol, which was significantly better than the other methods. Detailed data analyses revealed that the major advantage of SSIPe over other traditional approaches lies in the novel combination of the physical energy function with the new knowledge-based interface profile. SSIPe also considerablymore »
Availability and implementation
Web-server/standalone program, source code and datasets are freely available at https://zhanglab.ccmb.med.umich.edu/SSIPe and https://github.com/tommyhuangthu/SSIPe.
Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
| 2023-03-25T01:05:09 |
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|
https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10335768-environmental-monitoring-system-cosine-experiment
|
This content will become publicly available on January 1, 2023
The environmental monitoring system at the COSINE-100 experiment
Abstract The COSINE-100 experiment is designed to test the DAMA experiment which claimed an observation of a dark matter signal from an annual modulation in their residual event rate. To measure the 1 %-level signal amplitude, it is crucial to control and monitor nearly all environmental quantities that might systematically mimic the signal. The environmental monitoring also helps ensure a stable operation of the experiment. Here, we describe the design and performance of the centralized environmental monitoring system for the COSINE-100 experiment.
Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more »
Award ID(s):
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10335768
Journal Name:
Journal of Instrumentation
Volume:
17
Issue:
01
Page Range or eLocation-ID:
T01001
ISSN:
1748-0221
National Science Foundation
##### More Like this
1. We present new constraints on dark matter interactions using 1.7 years of COSINE-100 data. The COSINE-100 experiment, consisting of 106 kg of tallium-doped sodium iodide [NaI(Tl)] target material, is aimed to test DAMA’s claim of dark matter observation using the same NaI(Tl) detectors. Improved event selection requirements, a more precise understanding of the detector background, and the use of a larger dataset considerably enhance the COSINE-100 sensitivity for dark matter detection. No signal consistent with the dark matter interaction is identified and rules out model-dependent dark matter interpretations of the DAMA signals in the specific context of standard halo modelmore »
2. Abstract We present a background model for dark matter searches using an array of NaI(Tl) crystals in the COSINE-100 experiment that is located in the Yangyang underground laboratory. The model includes background contributions from both internal and external sources, including cosmogenic radionuclides and surface $$^{210}$$ 210 Pb contamination. To build the model in the low energy region, with a threshold of 1 keV, we used a depth profile of $$^{210}$$ 210 Pb contamination in the surface of the NaI(Tl) crystals determined in a comparison between measured and simulated spectra. We also considered the effect of the energy scale errors propagated frommore »
3. In this paper, we present a multiple concurrent occupant identification approach through footstep-induced floor vibration sensing. Identification of human occupants is useful in a variety of indoor smart structure scenarios, with applications in building security, space allocation, and healthcare. Existing approaches leverage sensing modalities such as vision, acoustic, RF, and wearables, but are limited due to deployment constraints such as line-of-sight requirements, sensitivity to noise, dense sensor deployment, and requiring each walker to wear/carry a device. To overcome these restrictions, we use footstep-induced structural vibration sensing. Footstep-induced signals contain information about the occupants' unique gait characteristics, and propagate through themore »
4. ; ; (Ed.)
Abstract. Marking juveniles of terrestrial direct-developing frogs is challenging because of their small size (< 18 mm) and fragility. This difficulty has limited studies on demography or population dynamics where empirical data on the survivorship of juveniles or their recruitment to adulthood are missing. In a controlled laboratory experiment, we tested the survivorship of wild-caught juvenile Eleutherodactylus coqui Thomas, 1966 to marking with a single colour visual internal elastomer (VIE) in the thigh, with and without additional ventral skin-swabbing for disease or microbiome monitoring. Results revealed 100% survival in all groups, and all juveniles remained unharmed, moved freely, and fedmore »
5. Abstract Testing the DAMA/LIBRA annual modulation result independently of dark matter particle and halo models has been a challenge for twenty years. Using the same target material, NaI(Tl), is required and presently two experiments, ANAIS-112 and COSINE-100, are running for such a goal. A precise knowledge of the detector response to nuclear recoils is mandatory because this is the most likely channel to find the dark matter signal. The light produced by nuclear recoils is quenched with respect to that produced by electrons by a factor that has to be measured experimentally. However, current quenching factor measurements in NaI(Tl) crystalsmore »
| 2022-08-14T04:42:56 |
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|
https://control.com/textbook/foundation-fieldbus-instrumentation/ff-function-blocks/
|
# FOUNDATION Fieldbus Function Blocks
## Chapter 13 - Basics of FOUNDATION Fieldbus (FF) Instrumentation
Data-processing modules within FF systems are known as function blocks. Sometimes these blocks serve merely to catalogue data, while in other instances the blocks execute specific algorithms useful for process measurement and control. These “blocks” are not physical entities, but rather abstract software objects – they exist only as bits of data and instructions in computer memory. However, the blocks are represented on FF computer configuration displays as rectangular objects with input ports on the left-hand side and output ports on the right-hand side. The construction of a working control system comprised of FF devices consists of linking the outputs of certain function blocks with the inputs of other function blocks via configuration software and computer-based tools. This usually takes the form of using a computer to draw connecting lines between the output and input ports of different function blocks.
### Analog function blocks versus digital function blocks
Function-block programming in general strongly resembles the design philosophy of legacy analog-based computer systems, where specific functions (addition, subtraction, multiplication, ratio, time-integration, limiting, and others) were encapsulated in discrete operational amplifier circuits, and whole systems were built by connecting function blocks together in whatever patterns were desired to achieve a design goal. Here with Fieldbus programming, the function blocks are virtual (bits and data structures in digital memory) rather than real analog circuits, and the connections between blocks are merely pointer assignments in digital memory rather than actual “patch cable” connections between circuit boards.
An example contrasting analog circuit design with Fieldbus function-block design appears here, both systems selecting the greatest temperature signal to be the output. The system on the left-hand side receives analog voltage signals from three temperature sensors, using a network of operational amplifiers, diodes, and resistors to select the greatest voltage signal to be the output. The system on the right-hand side uses three Fieldbus transmitters to sense temperature, the greatest temperature signal selected by an algorithm (the ISEL function block) running in a Fieldbus device. The device running the ISEL function could be one of the three FF temperature transmitters, or another device on the segment:
Instead of analog voltage signals sent by wire to special-function circuit modules, FOUNDATION Fieldbus uses digital messages sent over an H1 network segment to special-function software “blocks” running inside ordinary Fieldbus devices. The lines connecting different function blocks together in a FOUNDATION Fieldbus system show the sources and destinations of these digital messages. If two FF function blocks reside in different FF devices, the connecting lines represent publisher/subscriber communication assignments coordinated by the Link Active Scheduler (LAS) device.
### Function block location
There is usually some freedom of choice in where various function blocks may be located in a FF segment. Take for example the following flow control loop, where a flow transmitter feeds measured flow data into a PID control function block, which then drives a control valve to whatever position necessary to regulate flow. The actual physical device layout might look something like this:
The function block connections necessary for this control scheme to work are shown in the next diagram, coupling the AI (analog input) block located in the transmitter to a PID control block to an AO (analog output) block located in the valve positioner:
All function block inputs are on the left-hand sides of the blocks, and all outputs are on the right-hand sides. In this function block program, data from the analog input (AI) block flows into the PID block. After calculating the proper output value, the PID block sends data to the analog output (AO) block where the final control element (e.g. valve, variable-speed motor) is adjusted. The AO block in turn sends a “back calculation” signal to the PID block to let it know the final control element has successfully reached the state commanded by the PID block’s output. This is important for the elimination of reset windup in the event the final control element fails to respond to the PID block’s output signal.
It should be obvious that the analog input (AI) block must reside in the transmitter, simply because only the transmitter is able to measure the process fluid flow rate. Likewise, it should be obvious that the analog output (AO) block must reside in the control valve positioner, simply because the valve is the only device capable of manipulating (exerting influence over) anything. However, given the lack of a separate controller device, the person configuring the Fieldbus loop may choose to locate the PID block in either the transmitter or the control valve positioner. So long as both the FF transmitter and the FF valve positioner possess PID function block capability, it is possible to locate the PID function block in either device.
The following illustrations show the two possible locations of the PID function block in this system:
The only factor favoring one location over another for the PID function block is the number of communication broadcasts (“Compel Data” token distributions and replies) necessary per macrocycle. Note the lines connecting function blocks between the two instruments in the previous diagrams (lines crossing from one blue bubble to another). Each of these lines represents a VCR (Virtual Communication Relationship) – an instance during each macrocycle where data must be transmitted over the network segment from one device to another. With the PID function block located in the flow transmitter, two lines connect blocks located in different physical devices. With the PID function block located in the valve positioner, only one line connects blocks in different physical devices. Thus, locating the PID function block in the valve positioner means only one CD message/reply is necessary per macrocycle, making the network communication more efficient.
To illustrate the difference this re-location of the PID block makes, we will examine the function block diagram and macrocycle timing schedule on a simple pressure control FF loop, hosted on an Emerson DeltaV distributed control system. The first composite screenshot shows the function block diagram and schedule with the PID function block located in the transmitter (PT_501):
Note the two scheduled communication events (CD tokens and responses) necessary in the macrocycle schedule to enable communication between pressure transmitter PT_501’s PID function block and valve positioner PV_501’s analog output function block. The first CD token in this macrocycle schedule compels the PID block to publish its “output” signal (subscribed to by the analog output block), while the second token compels the analog output block to publish its “back calculation” signal (subscribed to by the PID block). The amount of time required for function block execution and their publisher/subscriber communications is 330 milliseconds, with a total macrocycle time of 1 second.
Now let’s examine the same PID pressure control system with the PID function block moved to the valve. Here you see the function block diagram followed immediately by the updated macrocycle schedule:
In this macrocycle timing schedule, there is only one CD token needed: compelling the analog input block to publish its measurement signal (subscribed to by the PID block). This makes the block execution plus scheduled communication time 30 milliseconds shorter than before (300 milliseconds total as opposed to 330 milliseconds), since there is one less scheduled communications event happening. The total macrocycle time of 1 second remains unchanged, but now we have 30 milliseconds more unscheduled time during which other communication events may take place.
### Standard function blocks
The FF standard specifies many different function blocks for the construction of control algorithms. Ten of them are considered “basic” FF function blocks:
• AI – Analog Input
• AO – Analog Output
• B – Bias
• CS – Control Selector
• DI – Discrete Input
• DO – Discrete Output
• ML – Manual Loader
• PD – Proportional/Derivative control
• PID – Proportional/Integral/Derivative control
• RA – Ratio
Nineteen more “Advanced” function blocks are incorporated in the FF standard:
• Pulse Input
• Complex Analog Output
• Complex Discrete Output
• Step Output PID
• Device Control
• Setpoint Ramp
• Splitter
• Input Selector
• Signal Characterizer
• Calculate
• Arithmetic
• Integrator
• Timer
• Analog Alarm
• Discrete Alarm
• Analog Human Interface
• Discrete Human Interface
Five more function blocks are specified as well:
• Multiple Analog Output
• Multiple Digital Input
• Multiple Digital Output
• Flexible Function Block
The primary benefit of standardization is that the end-user may choose FF instruments manufactured by any standard-compliant vendor, and those function blocks should behave the same as the equivalent function blocks within any other manufacturer’s model of FF device. There are, of course, examples where manufacturers have equipped their FF devices with “extended” capability function blocks going beyond the Fieldbus Foundation standard, and the user must beware of this.
### Device-specific function blocks
In addition to the function blocks necessary to construct control schemes, all FF instruments contain one Resource block and usually one or more Transducer blocks describing details specific to that instrument. The following computer screenshot shows all function blocks within a Rosemount model 3095MV Fieldbus transmitter:
The Resource block appears first in this list, followed by three transducer blocks, then followed by the palette of general function blocks for use in constructing control algorithms. Information contained in the Resource block of an FF instrument includes the following:
• Identifier (the 32-byte code unique to every FF device)
• Type of device
• Device revision level
• Memory total and available (free) capacity
• Computation time
• Available features listing
• Current device state (Initializing, Standby, On-line, Failed, etc.)
Transducer blocks provide a means of organizing data relevant to the actual sensing inputs, outputs, calculated variables, and graphic displays of a FF device. There need not be a one-to-one correspondence between the number of transducer blocks in an FF device and the number of physical I/O channels it has. For example, in the Rosemount 3095MV multivariable transmitter, transducer block 1100 manages all physical measurement inputs (pressure and temperature sensors) while transducer block 1200 is reserved for inferred mass flow (based on calculations performed on the raw sensor measurements) and transducer block 1300 manages data for the liquid crystal display (LCD).
### FF signal status
As mentioned earlier, function block programming bears a strong resemblance to analog function-block circuit design, where specific tasks are divided up into discrete elements, those elements connected together to form a larger system with more complex functionality. One of the important distinctions between legacy analog function block circuit design and FF function block programming is the data content of the lines connecting blocks together. In the analog world, each connecting line (wire) carries exactly one piece of information: a single variable represented in analog form by a voltage signal. In the world of Fieldbus, each connecting line carries not only the variable’s numerical value, but also a status and in some cases an engineering unit (a unit of measurement). For example, a Fieldbus transmitter sensing temperature might output a digital process variable (PV) signal of “342 degrees Celsius, Good”, whereas a temperature transmitter with an analog (e.g. 4-20 mA) output is merely able to send a signal representing the temperature (no measurement unit or status information).
The inclusion of status along with data is a powerful concept, with roots in scientific practice. Scientists, as a rule, do their best to report the degree of confidence associated with the data they publish from experiments. Data is important, of course, but so is the degree of certainty with which that data was obtained. Obviously, data gathered with instruments of low quality (high uncertainty) will have different significance than data gathered with instruments of high precision and impeccable accuracy (low uncertainty). Any scientist basing research on a set of scientific data published by another scientist will have access to the data’s certainty in addition to the data itself – a very valuable detail.
By the same token, data “published” by a FF device is only as good as the health of that device. A FF transmitter exhibiting noisy or wildly fluctuating measurements might very well be nearing complete failure, and therefore its published data should be treated with skepticism. Since FF devices are “smart” (meaning, among other things, they have self-diagnostic capability), they have the ability to flag their own data as “Bad” if an internal fault is detected. The data still gets published and sent to other FF function blocks, but the status sent along with that data warns all downstream blocks of its uncertainty.
The three major status conditions associated with every FF signal passed between function blocks are Good, Bad, and Uncertain. Sub-status states also exist to further delineate the nature of the uncertainty. “Sensor Failure” is an example of a sub-status value, describing the reason for a “Bad” status value from a process transmitter.
In computer science, there is a truism that “Garbage In equals Garbage Out,” sometimes abbreviated as GIGO. No algorithm, no matter how advanced, can guarantee an output of good data from an input of bad data. This principle finds intelligent application in FF function block programming, as the blocks are programmed to switch mode when “Bad” or “Uncertain” input statuses are detected. For example, here are some of the possible actions a function block may be configured to take upon detection of a “Bad” input signal status:
• Set output signal to last “Good” value
• Fail high (set output signal to top-of-range value)
• Fail low (set output signal to bottom-of-range value)
Furthermore, status values are propagated in a FF system from the input to the output of every function block connected in series, reflecting the effect of an input signal’s uncertainty throughout the entire control loop. For example, an analog input (AI) block sending a “Bad” status signal to the process variable input of a PID control block will have its “Bad” status propagated to the output of the PID block as well. When that “Bad” PID output signal reaches the analog output (AO) function block, that final block knows the signal is not to be trusted, because its origin (the AI block) is untrustworthy. Any function blocks receiving the PID block’s output signal will likewise sense the “Bad” status and further propagate that status to their output signal(s). This “status propagation” ensures all function blocks in a Fieldbus control system are “aware” of the input data status, so that a “Bad” measurement does not result in “bad” control decisions made on that data.
### Function block modes
All FF function blocks must support multiple modes of operation, describing how the block should execute its intended function. Several different function block modes are commonly found for FF function blocks, though not all FF function blocks support all of these modes:
• OOS (Out Of Service) – All function blocks are required to support this mode, where the block freezes its output at the last calculated value and attaches a “Bad” status value
• Man (Manual) – the output of the block is fixed at a value determined by the technician, with a “Good” status value attached
• Auto (Automatic) – the function block processes information normally
• Cas (Cascade) – the function block processes information normally
• Iman (Initialization Manual) – the output of the block is fixed at its last calculated value, due to the output signal path being incomplete
• LO (Local Override) – the output of the block is fixed at its last calculated value, due to a detected fault condition within the device
• RCas (Remote Cascade) – the function block processes information normally based on a setpoint sent from a remote source to the block’s RCas_In input
• ROut (Remote Output) – the function block passes data to its output sent from a remote source to the block’s ROut_In input
Instrumentation technicians and professionals are already familiar with the concept of a controller having “Automatic,” “Manual,” and even “Cascade” operating modes, but Fieldbus function block programming extends this general concept to each and every function block. With FF, each block may be independently set into “Automatic” or “Manual” mode, which is a useful tool for testing FF algorithms and troubleshooting complex FF control schemes. The “Out of Service” mode, for instance, is commonly set when performing routine maintenance on an FF device (e.g. checking the calibration of an FF transmitter).
It is worth noting an important distinction here between Manual mode and OOS (Out Of Service) mode. In both cases, the function block’s output becomes fixed at some value, but a major difference between these two modes is their associated statuses. In Manual mode, the output value is fixed and the status is “Good,” allowing all function blocks downstream to remain operational. In OOS mode, the output value is fixed and the status is “Bad,” causing all downstream function blocks to react as they would when receiving any “Bad” signal status (usually by shedding to Manual mode themselves). Placing a function block in Manual mode is useful when performing tests on the control strategy because it allows the technician or engineer to simulate values that might come from transmitters and other “upstream” devices in the loop. All function blocks receiving a signal from a block in Manual mode will continue to operate as they are designed. However, placing a function block in OOS mode is quite different in that all function blocks receiving that signal will act as though there is a serious problem rather than acting normally.
In addition to these operating modes for FF function blocks (not all of which are supported by all FF blocks), FF function blocks also have four mode categories describing valid modes for the block to be in under various conditions:
• Target
• Actual
• Permitted
• Normal
A block’s “Target” mode is the mode it strives to be in if possible. The “Actual” mode is the mode the block is in at the present time. “Permitted” modes list all the different modes which may be used as “target” modes. “Normal” is a category describing to an operator interface what a block’s normal operation mode should be, but the block itself does not heed this setting.
Published under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License
| 2022-01-24T17:42:37 |
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|
https://indico.fnal.gov/event/16384/session/12/contribution/50
|
# New Perspectives 2018
18-19 June 2018
Fermilab, Wilson Hall
US/Central timezone
Home > Timetable > Session details > Contribution details
# Contribution Oral Presentation
Fermilab, Wilson Hall - One West
# Repurposing MINOS Scintillator Modules for the Short Baseline Neutrino Program Far Detector (ICARUS) Cosmic Ray Tagger
## Speakers
• Mr. Christopher HILGENBERG
## Content
The ICARUS T600 liquid argon time-projection chamber will be the far detector for the short baseline neutrino program. The detector will operate at shallow depth and therefore be exposed to the full surface flux of cosmic rays, which poses a problematic background to the electron neutrino appearance analysis. A direct way to remove this background is to utilize a detector external to the liquid argon active volume capable of tagging thoroughgoing cosmic muons with high efficiency. Ideally, this cosmic ray tagger (CRT) would provide full geometric coverage of the T600 amounting to about 1000$m^2$. This is achieved through adopting a system based on extruded organic scintillator, wavelength-shifting fibers, and silicon photomultipliers. Due to the large area, the CRT is broken into 3 subsystems: the top portion will be new construction, the side coverage will be provided by salvaged MINOS scintillator modules, and the bottom will be covered by Double Chooz veto modules. To cope with high rates of cosmic muons, the MINOS system requires a new optical readout and front-end electronics. Here, I present results from the research and development of this new readout scheme and testing of the salvaged modules.
| 2019-12-07T19:14:25 |
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|
https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10304425-measurement-branching-fraction-c+p-decay-belle
|
This content will become publicly available on October 1, 2022
Measurement of the branching fraction of $Λc+→pω$ decay at Belle
Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more »
Award ID(s):
Publication Date:
NSF-PAR ID:
10304425
Journal Name:
Physical Review D
Volume:
104
Issue:
7
ISSN:
2470-0010
| 2022-05-20T13:40:57 |
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|
http://legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca/en/showversion/cr/C-24.2,%20r.%2034?code=se:84_5&pointInTime=20190521
|
### C-24.2, r. 34 - Regulation respecting licences
84.5. The amount of the reimbursement applicable to a restricted licence issued, exclusively in class 8, in the cases referred to in sections 84.1 to 84.3, is obtained by applying the rules in those sections, with the reference to “\$17.80” replaced by “\$23.40”.
O.C. 877-2010, s. 20; O.C. 1181-2011, s. 16.
84.5. The amount of the reimbursement applicable to a restricted licence issued, exclusively in class 8, in the cases referred to in sections 84.1 to 84.3, is obtained by applying the rules in those sections, with the reference to “\$17.70” replaced by “\$23.20”.
O.C. 877-2010, s. 20; O.C. 1181-2011, s. 16.
84.5. The amount of the reimbursement applicable to a restricted licence issued, exclusively in class 8, in the cases referred to in sections 84.1 to 84.3, is obtained by applying the rules in those sections, with the reference to “\$17.60” replaced by “\$23”.
O.C. 877-2010, s. 20; O.C. 1181-2011, s. 16.
84.5. The amount of the reimbursement applicable to a restricted licence issued, exclusively in class 8, in the cases referred to in sections 84.1 to 84.3, is obtained by applying the rules in those sections, with the reference to “\$17.40” replaced by “\$22.80”.
O.C. 877-2010, s. 20; O.C. 1181-2011, s. 16.
84.5. The amount of the reimbursement applicable to a restricted licence issued, exclusively in class 8, in the cases referred to in sections 84.1 to 84.3, is obtained by applying the rules in those sections, with the reference to “\$17.20” replaced by “\$22.60”.
O.C. 877-2010, s. 20; O.C. 1181-2011, s. 16.
84.5. The amount of the reimbursement applicable to a restricted licence issued, exclusively in class 8, in the cases referred to in sections 84.1 to 84.3, is obtained by applying the rules in those sections, with the reference to “\$17” replaced by “\$22.40”.
O.C. 877-2010, s. 20; O.C. 1181-2011, s. 16.
84.5. The amount of the reimbursement applicable to a restricted licence issued, exclusively in class 8, in the cases referred to in sections 84.1 to 84.3, is obtained by applying the rules in those sections, with the reference to “\$16.60” replaced by “\$21.90”.
O.C. 877-2010, s. 20; O.C. 1181-2011, s. 16.
| 2019-06-20T12:16:28 |
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https://gea.esac.esa.int/archive/documentation/GDR2/Data_processing/chap_cu3ast/sec_cu3ast_quality/ssec_cu3ast_quality_corr.html
|
# 3.5.7 Correlations in the Gaia data
Author(s): Lennart Lindegren
Correlations among the astrometric data exist on several different levels, e.g.:
• within-source correlations (between the different astrometric parameters of the same source);
• between-source correlations (between the same astrometric parameter, e.g. parallax, for different sources);
• general correlations (between arbitrary astrometric parameters of different sources).
Within-source correlations are always provided, when relevant, in the Gaia Archive. They are estimated from the $5\times 5$ normal matrix of the individual sources. Because they are computed by neglecting the between-source correlations, they are only approximations of the actual within-source correlations, but probably sufficiently good for all astrophysical applications. They are principally needed when transforming the five astrometric parameters to other representations (e.g. calculation of galactic coordinates, tangential velocity, or epoch transformation).
Between-source correlations are important when calculating quantities that depend on several sources, such as the mean parallax or internal kinematics of a stellar cluster. In the final Gaia data such correlations are expected to be important mainly on small angular scales (less than a few degrees), but in Gaia DR2 they could exist on much larger angular scales (tens of degrees).
Between-source correlations and general correlations are much harder to estimate than the within-source correlations, principally because their rigorous calculation would involve the inversion of extremely large matrices. Approximate methods to estimate general correlations exist (e.g. Holl and Lindegren 2012; Holl et al. 2012a) but have not been implemented in the Gaia data processing. Empirically, the between-source correlations can be estimated by analysing the spatial correlations of the astrometric residuals, or from statistical analysis of the parallaxes and proper motions for distinct groups of sources, such as in stellar clusters and quasars. For Gaia DR2 the between-source correlations have not been extensively studied but they are believed to be very significant and arising mainly from modelling errors in the attitude or instrument. A limited correlation study of the astrometric residuals in Gaia DR2 is reported in Section 5.4 of Lindegren et al. (2018).
| 2022-12-09T03:44:55 |
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|
https://pdglive.lbl.gov/Particle.action?node=M226&home=MXXX040
|
CHARMED, STRANGE MESONS($\mathit C$ = $\mathit S$ = $\pm1$)(including possibly non- ${\mathit {\mathit q}}$ ${\mathit {\overline{\mathit q}}}$ states) ${{\mathit D}_{{s}}^{+}}$ = ${\mathit {\mathit c}}$ ${\mathit {\overline{\mathit s}}}$, ${{\mathit D}_{{s}}^{-}}$ = ${\mathit {\overline{\mathit c}}}$ ${\mathit {\mathit s}}$, similarly for ${{\mathit D}_{{s}}^{*}}$'s INSPIRE search
#### ${{\boldsymbol D}_{{s3}}^{*}{(2860)}^{\pm}}$
$I(J^P)$ = $0(3^{-})$
$\mathit J{}^{P}$ consitent with $3{}^{-}{}^{}$ from angular analysis of AAIJ 2014AW.
${{\mathit D}_{{s3}}^{*}{(2860)}^{+}}$ MASS $2860 \pm7$ MeV
${{\mathit D}_{{s3}}^{*}{(2860)}^{+}}$ WIDTH $53 \pm10$ MeV
FOOTNOTES
| 2021-09-20T02:59:15 |
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|
https://indico.fnal.gov/event/15949/contributions/34965/
|
# 36th Annual International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory
Jul 22 – 28, 2018
Kellogg Hotel and Conference Center
EST timezone
## Progress towards understanding the H-dibaryon from lattice QCD
Jul 26, 2018, 12:40 PM
20m
105 (Kellogg Hotel and Conference Center)
### 105
#### Kellogg Hotel and Conference Center
219 S Harrison Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824
### Speaker
Dr Andrew Hanlon (Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, JGU)
### Description
Significant experimental and theoretical efforts to determine the existence and nature of the $H$-dibaryon have been underway since its prediction in 1977. Yet, conclusive evidence for such a bound state is still lacking. Results from various lattice QCD calculations show substantial disagreement for the binding energy. Since there is no conclusive evidence for or against the existence of a bound $H$-dibaryon, the Mainz group has joined the effort towards resolving the discrepancies. In this talk, I will first give an overview of the recent results from the Mainz group obtained in two-flavor QCD. I will then discuss work that has been done towards ensuring that the baryon-baryon operators used in the $H$-dibaryon studies transform irreducibly under the relevant little group. Finally, the prospects of extensions to $N_f = 2 + 1$ and the use of distillation for moving frames will be examined.
### Primary author
Dr Andrew Hanlon (Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, JGU)
### Co-authors
Dr Anthony Francis (CERN) Dr Chuan Miao (Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, JGU) Prof. Hartmut Wittig (Johannes Gutenberg Universität) Dr Jeremy Green (DESY, Zeuthen) Dr Parikshit Junnarkar (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research) Dr Thomas Rae (Johannes Gutenberg Universität)
Slides
| 2022-11-28T07:21:45 |
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|
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