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1. A system comprising: a television to generate a fingerprint data, wherein the fingerprint data is any one of an audio fingerprint data and a video fingerprint data; a relevancy-matching server to: match primary data generated from the fingerprint data with targeted data based on a relevancy factor, and search a storage for at least one of the targeted data, a reference to the targeted data, and a metadata of the targeted data, wherein the primary data is any one of a content identification data and a content identification history; and a mobile device associated with the television to: process an embedded object within a sandboxed application, constrain an executable environment in a security sandbox, and execute the embedded object through the sandboxed application in the executable environment, the execution of the embedded object causing rendering of the targeted data therethrough, wherein the television executes a sandbox-reachable service thereon, and is configured to automatically announce the sandbox-reachable service to a discovery module executing at least one of: on a pairing server external to the mobile device and as part of an extension of the security sandbox executing on the mobile device, wherein the discovery module identifies the sandbox-reachable service offered through the television based on receiving the automatic announcement to enable the sandboxed application of the mobile device reach the sandbox-reachable service by communicating an identification data of the television via the sandbox-reachable service when a shared computer network is determined to be commonly associated with the mobile device and the television, wherein the sandboxed application reaching the sandbox-reachable service establishes bidirectional communication between the mobile device and the television, and, thereby, association between the mobile device and the television, and wherein the primary data is available across the sandbox-reachable service and the sandboxed application based on the established bidirectional communication between the mobile device and the television.

1. A system comprising: a television to generate a fingerprint data, wherein the fingerprint data is any one of an audio fingerprint data and a video fingerprint data; a relevancy-matching server to: match primary data generated from the fingerprint data with targeted data based on a relevancy factor, and search a storage for at least one of the targeted data, a reference to the targeted data, and a metadata of the targeted data, wherein the primary data is any one of a content identification data and a content identification history; and a mobile device associated with the television to: process an embedded object within a sandboxed application, constrain an executable environment in a security sandbox, and execute the embedded object through the sandboxed application in the executable environment, the execution of the embedded object causing rendering of the targeted data therethrough, wherein the television executes a sandbox-reachable service thereon, and is configured to automatically announce the sandbox-reachable service to a discovery module executing at least one of: on a pairing server external to the mobile device and as part of an extension of the security sandbox executing on the mobile device, wherein the discovery module identifies the sandbox-reachable service offered through the television based on receiving the automatic announcement to enable the sandboxed application of the mobile device reach the sandbox-reachable service by communicating an identification data of the television via the sandbox-reachable service when a shared computer network is determined to be commonly associated with the mobile device and the television, wherein the sandboxed application reaching the sandbox-reachable service establishes bidirectional communication between the mobile device and the television, and, thereby, association between the mobile device and the television, and wherein the primary data is available across the sandbox-reachable service and the sandboxed application based on the established bidirectional communication between the mobile device and the television. 3. The system of claim 1 : wherein the identification data of the television comprises at least one of a global unique identifier (GUID), an alphanumeric name, a hardware address associated with the television, a public address associated with an automatic content identification service of the television, and a private address associated with the automatic content identification service of the television when the shared computer network is determined to be commonly associated with the mobile device and the television.

12. The method of claim 1 further comprising providing a customized display to the first participant based on the information gathered for the first participant.

12. The method of claim 1 further comprising providing a customized display to the first participant based on the information gathered for the first participant. 13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the information gathered for the first participant comprises a set of factors.

1. A method for a Web service performed by one or more processors, the method comprising: loading an API description for an API; interpreting the API description and building a programming language agnostic model of the API; selecting a target programming language; generating an API library source in the selected programming language and a target platform based on the programming language agnostic model of the API; and publishing the API library source.

1. A method for a Web service performed by one or more processors, the method comprising: loading an API description for an API; interpreting the API description and building a programming language agnostic model of the API; selecting a target programming language; generating an API library source in the selected programming language and a target platform based on the programming language agnostic model of the API; and publishing the API library source. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the loading an API description includes receiving an API description from a Web client.

1. A system for generating groups of cluster spines for display, comprising: a theme generator to generate one or more concepts for each cluster in a set of clusters; a spine generator to form spines from at least a portion of the clusters based on the concepts; a spine placement module to place at least one spine unique from all the other spines; a spine group generator to generate one or more spine groups by positioning at least one unplaced spine in relation to one of the placed unique spines; and a display to display the spine groups.

1. A system for generating groups of cluster spines for display, comprising: a theme generator to generate one or more concepts for each cluster in a set of clusters; a spine generator to form spines from at least a portion of the clusters based on the concepts; a spine placement module to place at least one spine unique from all the other spines; a spine group generator to generate one or more spine groups by positioning at least one unplaced spine in relation to one of the placed unique spines; and a display to display the spine groups. 10. A system according to claim 1 , further comprising: a label module to define a further circle around the circle as an area for descriptive label placement of the spine groups.

11. The computing system of claim 8 , wherein said query graph is first query graph, wherein the computer executable code when executed causes the at least one processor to: create a second live topological query result in response to a second query graph, and determine whether said change is relevant to said second query graph, said determining whether said change is relevant to said second query graph can be performed with an overhead below a predefined threshold without relying on any result stored in said cache memory.

11. The computing system of claim 8 , wherein said query graph is first query graph, wherein the computer executable code when executed causes the at least one processor to: create a second live topological query result in response to a second query graph, and determine whether said change is relevant to said second query graph, said determining whether said change is relevant to said second query graph can be performed with an overhead below a predefined threshold without relying on any result stored in said cache memory. 12. The computing system of claim 11 , wherein said first query graph is of a structure such that said calculation to determine whether said change is relevant to said first query graph involves a processing overhead complexity above said predefined threshold, and said processing overhead complexity can be reduced by caching a subset of nodes within said query result for said first query graph.

1. A computer-implemented method comprising: selecting a first search object from a set of search objects; performing a pairwise comparison between the first search object and each other search object from the set of search objects to generate a rank distribution for the first search object, wherein the pairwise comparison is based on a score distribution for each of the set of search objects, wherein the rank distribution comprises a set of probabilities, each probability corresponding to the probability that the first search object has a particular rank; repeating the selection and pairwise comparison for each search object in the set of search objects to create a set of rank distributions, each corresponding to one of the set of search objects; generating a matrix comprising the set of rank distributions; converting the matrix into a doubly-Stochastic matrix; substituting the set of rank distributions into a Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain to generate a smoothed information retrieval metric, wherein the smoothed information retrieval metric exhibits a substantially continuous change in value in response to changes in input parameters, the substituting comprising: rewriting the Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain as a sum over search object indices; replacing a deterministic discount term with an expected discount based on the rank distributions, wherein the expected discount is obtained by mapping the rank distributions through the deterministic discount function; and training a machine learning model using the smoothed information retrieval metric as an objective function.

1. A computer-implemented method comprising: selecting a first search object from a set of search objects; performing a pairwise comparison between the first search object and each other search object from the set of search objects to generate a rank distribution for the first search object, wherein the pairwise comparison is based on a score distribution for each of the set of search objects, wherein the rank distribution comprises a set of probabilities, each probability corresponding to the probability that the first search object has a particular rank; repeating the selection and pairwise comparison for each search object in the set of search objects to create a set of rank distributions, each corresponding to one of the set of search objects; generating a matrix comprising the set of rank distributions; converting the matrix into a doubly-Stochastic matrix; substituting the set of rank distributions into a Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain to generate a smoothed information retrieval metric, wherein the smoothed information retrieval metric exhibits a substantially continuous change in value in response to changes in input parameters, the substituting comprising: rewriting the Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain as a sum over search object indices; replacing a deterministic discount term with an expected discount based on the rank distributions, wherein the expected discount is obtained by mapping the rank distributions through the deterministic discount function; and training a machine learning model using the smoothed information retrieval metric as an objective function. 4. The computer-implemented method according to claim 1 , wherein performing a pairwise comparison comprises: selecting a second search object; determining a probability that the second search object ranks higher than the first search object based on score distributions for the first and second search objects; and updating a rank distribution for the first object based on the probability.

1. A multirate time-division digital switching network comprising: first multiplexing means in which first-order digital data channels transmitting words having a first and a second formats which are different from, but multiples of, a given format and first rates which are different from, but multiples of, one another are given a first multiplexing converting them into second-order digital data channels having a second predetermined rate, said second format words being formed by a predetermined sequence of first format words; second multiplexing means in which said second-order digital channels are given a second multiplexing converting them into third-order digital data channels having a third predetermined rate: a digital switching unit having at least one buffer store in which the first format words of the first-order channels multiplexed into the third-order channels are grouped at a resultant address having first and second part, whose first part is the address of the second-order channel containing the first format word of the first-order channel in the third-order channel and whose second part is the address of the first-order channel in the second-order channel; means for inserting, in each of the first format words of a second-order channel, bits forming a pseudorandom sequence having a known period so that the bits of a given rank of the words of a third-order channel form a number of interleaved pseudorandom sequences; means for separating said pseudorandom sequences and for deriving therefrom the addresses of the first format words in the second-order channels; means for deriving from said addresses of the first format words the addresses of the first order channels; means for deriving from the addresses of the first format words additional addresses significative of the serial number of the first format word in the second format word forming sequence; and means for re-arranging the first format words in the second format word forming sequence according to their additional addresses.

1. A multirate time-division digital switching network comprising: first multiplexing means in which first-order digital data channels transmitting words having a first and a second formats which are different from, but multiples of, a given format and first rates which are different from, but multiples of, one another are given a first multiplexing converting them into second-order digital data channels having a second predetermined rate, said second format words being formed by a predetermined sequence of first format words; second multiplexing means in which said second-order digital channels are given a second multiplexing converting them into third-order digital data channels having a third predetermined rate: a digital switching unit having at least one buffer store in which the first format words of the first-order channels multiplexed into the third-order channels are grouped at a resultant address having first and second part, whose first part is the address of the second-order channel containing the first format word of the first-order channel in the third-order channel and whose second part is the address of the first-order channel in the second-order channel; means for inserting, in each of the first format words of a second-order channel, bits forming a pseudorandom sequence having a known period so that the bits of a given rank of the words of a third-order channel form a number of interleaved pseudorandom sequences; means for separating said pseudorandom sequences and for deriving therefrom the addresses of the first format words in the second-order channels; means for deriving from said addresses of the first format words the addresses of the first order channels; means for deriving from the addresses of the first format words additional addresses significative of the serial number of the first format word in the second format word forming sequence; and means for re-arranging the first format words in the second format word forming sequence according to their additional addresses. 4. A multirate time division switching network according to claim 1 in which the first format words are octets and the second format words are quadri-octets.

1. A method, comprising: receiving, at a processor, a source file for preprocessing, wherein the source file comprises source code and is written in a client-side scripting language; parsing, at the processor, the source file; identifying, at the processor, directive information for a preprocessed directive within the source code of the source file, wherein the directive information comprises data on at least a portion of a client-side scripting language file and a mode; creating, at the processor, a version of the source file for the mode, wherein the version of the source file comprises the source code from the source file and the at least a portion of the client-side scripting language file; associating, at the processor, metadata with the preprocessed directive and the version of the source file, wherein the metadata comprises: information regarding which portions of the source file have been altered since a last preprocessing of the source file has occurred, and at least a portion of the client-side scripting language file for generating at least a portion of markup language for a web page to be served to a client device using a webserver; storing the metadata in a database; retrieving, via the webserver from the database, only the metadata associated with the preprocessed directive in the version of the source file such that the entire source file is not retrieved; and in response to receiving a request for the metadata associated the version of the source file, generating, in accordance with the metadata associated with the preprocessed directive and the version of the source file, at least the portion of the markup language for the web page to be served to the client device.

1. A method, comprising: receiving, at a processor, a source file for preprocessing, wherein the source file comprises source code and is written in a client-side scripting language; parsing, at the processor, the source file; identifying, at the processor, directive information for a preprocessed directive within the source code of the source file, wherein the directive information comprises data on at least a portion of a client-side scripting language file and a mode; creating, at the processor, a version of the source file for the mode, wherein the version of the source file comprises the source code from the source file and the at least a portion of the client-side scripting language file; associating, at the processor, metadata with the preprocessed directive and the version of the source file, wherein the metadata comprises: information regarding which portions of the source file have been altered since a last preprocessing of the source file has occurred, and at least a portion of the client-side scripting language file for generating at least a portion of markup language for a web page to be served to a client device using a webserver; storing the metadata in a database; retrieving, via the webserver from the database, only the metadata associated with the preprocessed directive in the version of the source file such that the entire source file is not retrieved; and in response to receiving a request for the metadata associated the version of the source file, generating, in accordance with the metadata associated with the preprocessed directive and the version of the source file, at least the portion of the markup language for the web page to be served to the client device. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein retrieving comprises: retrieving, at the webserver from the database, only the metadata associated with the preprocessed directive from the source code from the source file that is also included in the version of the source file.

9. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising: allocating telephony resources for the subject location based on the determined label.

9. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising: allocating telephony resources for the subject location based on the determined label. 10. The computer-implemented method of claim 9 , wherein allocating telephony resources for the subject location includes augmenting or reducing telephone resources.

1. A computer-implemented method of determining search results related to a search query, the method comprising: receiving a search query from a computer via a computer network; submitting the search query to a plurality of search engines; receiving, from the plurality of search engines, at least one ranked list of search results based on the search query, the at least one ranked list of search results including a first ranked list of search results received from a first search engine of the plurality of search engines, wherein the first ranked list is without actual relevance values supplied by the first search engine; providing an estimated relevance value for each search result in the first ranked list by: determining an estimated relevance value for a most relevant search result of the first ranked list; determining an estimated relevance value for a less relevant search result of the first ranked list; and determining other estimated relevance values for the search results in the first ranked list based on the estimated relevance value for the most relevant search result and the estimated relevance value for the less relevant search result; determining, for each of the plurality of search engines, a weighting value; determining a weighted relevance value for each search result based on the estimated relevance value when an actual relevance value was not received for the search result from one of the plurality of search engines, the actual relevance value of the search result when the actual relevance value was received for the search result, and the weighting value associated with the search engine that provided the search result; combining the search results into a single list; sorting the search results in the single list based on the weighted relevance values; and sending at least a portion of the single list to the computer via the computer network for display to a user.

1. A computer-implemented method of determining search results related to a search query, the method comprising: receiving a search query from a computer via a computer network; submitting the search query to a plurality of search engines; receiving, from the plurality of search engines, at least one ranked list of search results based on the search query, the at least one ranked list of search results including a first ranked list of search results received from a first search engine of the plurality of search engines, wherein the first ranked list is without actual relevance values supplied by the first search engine; providing an estimated relevance value for each search result in the first ranked list by: determining an estimated relevance value for a most relevant search result of the first ranked list; determining an estimated relevance value for a less relevant search result of the first ranked list; and determining other estimated relevance values for the search results in the first ranked list based on the estimated relevance value for the most relevant search result and the estimated relevance value for the less relevant search result; determining, for each of the plurality of search engines, a weighting value; determining a weighted relevance value for each search result based on the estimated relevance value when an actual relevance value was not received for the search result from one of the plurality of search engines, the actual relevance value of the search result when the actual relevance value was received for the search result, and the weighting value associated with the search engine that provided the search result; combining the search results into a single list; sorting the search results in the single list based on the weighted relevance values; and sending at least a portion of the single list to the computer via the computer network for display to a user. 3. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the weighting value for a search engine comprises: determining a plurality of categories associated with the search query; determining an associated category search engine weighting value for each of the categories; determining a first associated relevance value for each of the categories based on the search query and one or more query terms associated with the category; determining a second associated relevance value for each of the categories by dividing its first associated relevance value by a sum of all first associated relevance values; and determining the weighting value based on a sum, over the categories, of each product of the associated category search engine weighting value and the second associated relevance value.

1. A method for processing queries, the method comprising the computer-implemented steps of: receiving a query at a mid-tier node of a multi-tier system, wherein the mid-tier node is communicatively connected to a database server in a database tier of the multi-tier system; wherein the mid-tier node includes a mid-tier cache that is configured to cache relational tables from one or more databases managed by the database server; determining whether the query includes one or more operators for requesting first data of an eXtensible Markup Language (XML) datatype from the database server, wherein the XML datatype is supported as a native datatype by the database server; and if a determination is made that the query includes the one or more operators, then performing at least the steps of: retrieving, from the database server, first one or more portions of first one or more relational tables that are managed by the database server, wherein the first one or more relational tables store index information associated with the first data of the XML datatype in the first one or more portions; storing the first one or more portions of the first one of more relational tables in the mid-tier cache; and rewriting the query into a relational query against at least the first one or more portions of the first one of more relational tables that are stored in the mid-tier cache.

1. A method for processing queries, the method comprising the computer-implemented steps of: receiving a query at a mid-tier node of a multi-tier system, wherein the mid-tier node is communicatively connected to a database server in a database tier of the multi-tier system; wherein the mid-tier node includes a mid-tier cache that is configured to cache relational tables from one or more databases managed by the database server; determining whether the query includes one or more operators for requesting first data of an eXtensible Markup Language (XML) datatype from the database server, wherein the XML datatype is supported as a native datatype by the database server; and if a determination is made that the query includes the one or more operators, then performing at least the steps of: retrieving, from the database server, first one or more portions of first one or more relational tables that are managed by the database server, wherein the first one or more relational tables store index information associated with the first data of the XML datatype in the first one or more portions; storing the first one or more portions of the first one of more relational tables in the mid-tier cache; and rewriting the query into a relational query against at least the first one or more portions of the first one of more relational tables that are stored in the mid-tier cache. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein, if a determination is made that the query includes the one or more operators, then performing at least the steps of: retrieving from the database server storage information associated with the first data of the XML datatype, wherein the storage information indicates a particular representation of the XML datatype; and based at least on the storage information, identifying the first one or more relational tables.

16. A system, comprising: one or more computer processors; and a memory, containing a program which, when executed by the one or more computer processors, performs an operation coprising: receiving, from a user, a search request specifying a topic, wherein the topic is included in an ontology, wherein the ontology specifies that the topic is divided into a plurality of subtopics, and wherein the search request does not specify any of the subtopics; identifying one or more documents residing on the network based on the topic and an ontology index, wherein the ontology index associates the topic with: (i) positions within the documents, at which the topic appears and (ii) positions within the documents, at which any of the subtopics appears; and responsive to the search request from the user, presenting one or more search results that describe the one or more documents to the user, wherein at least one of the one or more documents contains at least one of the subtopics and does not contain the topic.

16. A system, comprising: one or more computer processors; and a memory, containing a program which, when executed by the one or more computer processors, performs an operation coprising: receiving, from a user, a search request specifying a topic, wherein the topic is included in an ontology, wherein the ontology specifies that the topic is divided into a plurality of subtopics, and wherein the search request does not specify any of the subtopics; identifying one or more documents residing on the network based on the topic and an ontology index, wherein the ontology index associates the topic with: (i) positions within the documents, at which the topic appears and (ii) positions within the documents, at which any of the subtopics appears; and responsive to the search request from the user, presenting one or more search results that describe the one or more documents to the user, wherein at least one of the one or more documents contains at least one of the subtopics and does not contain the topic. 19. The system of claim 16 , wherein the operation further comprises: receiving an ontology request from the user; determining the ontology based on the topic; presenting the ontology to the user; and generating the search request, wherein the topic comprises a user-selected topic from the presented ontology.

1. A method comprising: outputting, by a computing device and for display, a graphical keyboard comprising a plurality of keys; receiving, by the computing device, a plurality of indications of input, each respective indication of input from the plurality of indications of input corresponding to a respective location of the graphical keyboard; and for each respective indication of input from the plurality of indications of input, incrementally: determining, by the computing device and based at least in part on both physical cost values from a spatial model and lexical cost values from a language model, at least one predicted current word based on a set of characters that correspond to the plurality of indications of input, wherein the spatial model comprises at least one respective distribution of touch points that corresponds to at least one respective key of the graphical keyboard, and wherein the at least one predicted current word is determined based on a physical cost value from the spatial model that is modified by a lexical cost value from the language model, the physical cost value representing a first likelihood that the plurality of indications of input correspond to the set of characters, and the lexical cost value representing a second likelihood that the set of characters are included in any word in a lexicon of the language model; determining, by the computing device and based at least in part on the at least one predicted current word, at least one predicted next word that follows the at least one predicted current word; and outputting, by the computing device and for display, the at least one predicted current word and the at least one predicted next word as a soft commit word in a text entry area of a graphical user interface by at least: outputting, for display in a first visual style, characters of the at least one predicted current word and the at least one predicted next word that are from the set of characters that correspond to the plurality of indications of input; and outputting, for display in a second visual style that is different than the first visual style, characters of the at least one predicted current word and the at least one predicted next word that are not from the set of characters that correspond to the plurality of indications of input.

1. A method comprising: outputting, by a computing device and for display, a graphical keyboard comprising a plurality of keys; receiving, by the computing device, a plurality of indications of input, each respective indication of input from the plurality of indications of input corresponding to a respective location of the graphical keyboard; and for each respective indication of input from the plurality of indications of input, incrementally: determining, by the computing device and based at least in part on both physical cost values from a spatial model and lexical cost values from a language model, at least one predicted current word based on a set of characters that correspond to the plurality of indications of input, wherein the spatial model comprises at least one respective distribution of touch points that corresponds to at least one respective key of the graphical keyboard, and wherein the at least one predicted current word is determined based on a physical cost value from the spatial model that is modified by a lexical cost value from the language model, the physical cost value representing a first likelihood that the plurality of indications of input correspond to the set of characters, and the lexical cost value representing a second likelihood that the set of characters are included in any word in a lexicon of the language model; determining, by the computing device and based at least in part on the at least one predicted current word, at least one predicted next word that follows the at least one predicted current word; and outputting, by the computing device and for display, the at least one predicted current word and the at least one predicted next word as a soft commit word in a text entry area of a graphical user interface by at least: outputting, for display in a first visual style, characters of the at least one predicted current word and the at least one predicted next word that are from the set of characters that correspond to the plurality of indications of input; and outputting, for display in a second visual style that is different than the first visual style, characters of the at least one predicted current word and the at least one predicted next word that are not from the set of characters that correspond to the plurality of indications of input. 5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the language model comprises a lexicon that includes context information.

3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: determining, by the computing device, whether each domain name in the set is registered.

3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: determining, by the computing device, whether each domain name in the set is registered. 4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the determining, by the computing device, that each domain name in the set is registered further comprises performing, by the computing device, a whois lookup of each domain name.

1. A computer-implemented method, comprising: applying a plurality of view-based classifiers to a digital image, wherein each classifier corresponds to a respective portion of the digital image and is configured to determine whether at least a portion of a type of object is within the respective portion of the digital image to which the classifier is applied; computing, based on the applying, a sum of a plurality of log-likelihood ratios for the plurality of view-based classifiers, each log-likelihood ratio of the plurality of log-likelihood ratios being for a respective classifier of the plurality of view-based classifiers and including a ratio of two graphical probability models, a graphical probability model including a probability distribution over a set of variables where statistical independence and conditional statistical independence exist among various combinations of the variables, and wherein the graphical probability model is a probability distribution representation derived from statistical dependencies among image input variables; determining that the type of object is within the digital image based on the sum satisfying a first predetermined threshold; identifying a detection location of the type of object within the digital image based on respective locations within the digital image to which the plurality of classifiers were applied and the plurality of log-likelihood ratios for the plurality of classifiers; and displaying a marked-up version of the digital image identifying the identified detection location of the type of object within the digital image.

1. A computer-implemented method, comprising: applying a plurality of view-based classifiers to a digital image, wherein each classifier corresponds to a respective portion of the digital image and is configured to determine whether at least a portion of a type of object is within the respective portion of the digital image to which the classifier is applied; computing, based on the applying, a sum of a plurality of log-likelihood ratios for the plurality of view-based classifiers, each log-likelihood ratio of the plurality of log-likelihood ratios being for a respective classifier of the plurality of view-based classifiers and including a ratio of two graphical probability models, a graphical probability model including a probability distribution over a set of variables where statistical independence and conditional statistical independence exist among various combinations of the variables, and wherein the graphical probability model is a probability distribution representation derived from statistical dependencies among image input variables; determining that the type of object is within the digital image based on the sum satisfying a first predetermined threshold; identifying a detection location of the type of object within the digital image based on respective locations within the digital image to which the plurality of classifiers were applied and the plurality of log-likelihood ratios for the plurality of classifiers; and displaying a marked-up version of the digital image identifying the identified detection location of the type of object within the digital image. 10. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the type of object is a human face.

62. The computer readable medium of claim 61 , wherein the first feature comprises a specified relationship with a second coding, and wherein (D) comprises determining whether the specified relationship is accurate.

62. The computer readable medium of claim 61 , wherein the first feature comprises a specified relationship with a second coding, and wherein (D) comprises determining whether the specified relationship is accurate. 63. The computer readable medium of claim 62 , wherein the second coding includes the first coding, wherein the first feature comprises inclusion of the first coding in the second coding, and wherein (D) comprises determining that inclusion of the first coding within the second coding is accurate.

8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein reverse engineering a set of comparative rules comprises: iteratively generating rule parameters for each comparative rule in the set of comparative rules until the rule parameters are stable.

8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein reverse engineering a set of comparative rules comprises: iteratively generating rule parameters for each comparative rule in the set of comparative rules until the rule parameters are stable. 11. The computer-implemented method of claim 8 , wherein the comparative rule is a named rule, and wherein generating the rule parameters comprises: using a least-squared-error fit with a single constraint; and adding a Lagrange multiplier to the least-squared-error equations.

2. A fuzzy feedback control system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising means for normalizing said deviation, said variation of said deviation, and said control output variation at least with respective reference variation widths.

2. A fuzzy feedback control system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising means for normalizing said deviation, said variation of said deviation, and said control output variation at least with respective reference variation widths. 5. A fuzzy feedback control system as claimed in claim 2, in which said normalizing means further normalizes said deviation, said variation of said deviation, and said control output variation with said respective reference variation widths, and an oscillation period and damping factor of a response waveform under control.

2. A translation text inputting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a source text display module for displaying at least a part of the source text on a display apparatus; means for analyzing the part of the displayed source text contained in the source text analysis and bilingual dictionary retrieval module; and, means for converting the translation text from the voice form of expression to the character string using words predicted by analyzing the part contained in the displayed part of the phoneme source text.

2. A translation text inputting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a source text display module for displaying at least a part of the source text on a display apparatus; means for analyzing the part of the displayed source text contained in the source text analysis and bilingual dictionary retrieval module; and, means for converting the translation text from the voice form of expression to the character string using words predicted by analyzing the part contained in the displayed part of the phoneme source text. 3. A translation text inputting apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising: a module for judging whether the conversion process for the translation text corresponding to the displayed part on said display apparatus is finished; and, means for displaying a subsequent part of the translation text on said display apparatus when said processing is finished.

1. A computer-implemented method, comprising: receiving an original query; selecting a plurality of documents responsive to the original query according to a ranking of the respective documents; generating a plurality of term vectors, the plurality of term vectors including a term vector for each document; truncating each term vector to include only highest-weighted terms from the respective document to provide a plurality of truncated term vectors; combining the plurality of truncated term vectors containing the highest-weighted terms to produce a search query centroid; searching a centroid repository for previously stored centroids matching the search query centroid; converting each of a first number of the most highly-ranked centroids into a respective candidate query; examining the candidate queries; adding each candidate query to a set of query suggestions if the respective candidate query contains a threshold number of terms that are not included in the original query; and providing the set of query suggestions in response to the original query.

1. A computer-implemented method, comprising: receiving an original query; selecting a plurality of documents responsive to the original query according to a ranking of the respective documents; generating a plurality of term vectors, the plurality of term vectors including a term vector for each document; truncating each term vector to include only highest-weighted terms from the respective document to provide a plurality of truncated term vectors; combining the plurality of truncated term vectors containing the highest-weighted terms to produce a search query centroid; searching a centroid repository for previously stored centroids matching the search query centroid; converting each of a first number of the most highly-ranked centroids into a respective candidate query; examining the candidate queries; adding each candidate query to a set of query suggestions if the respective candidate query contains a threshold number of terms that are not included in the original query; and providing the set of query suggestions in response to the original query. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the search query centroid is a vector of the most common terms among the terms in the plurality of truncated term vectors.

1. A method for query suggestion performed by a processor executing computer-executable instructions stored on a memory device, the method comprising: for an input query in source language, identifying a query in target language from a query log of a search engine, the query in target language and the input query in source language having a cross-lingual similarity, the identifying the query in target language from the query log comprising: providing a plurality of candidate queries in target language; evaluating the plurality of candidate queries in target language at least partly by deducing a monolingual similarity between the input query in source language and a translation of a respective candidate query from target language to source language; and ranking the plurality of candidate queries in target language using a cross-lingual query similarity score, the cross-lingual query similarity score being based on a plurality of features and a weight of each feature in calculating the cross-lingual query similarity score; and suggesting the query in target language as a cross-lingual query at least partly based on click-through information of documents selected by users for the query in target language.

1. A method for query suggestion performed by a processor executing computer-executable instructions stored on a memory device, the method comprising: for an input query in source language, identifying a query in target language from a query log of a search engine, the query in target language and the input query in source language having a cross-lingual similarity, the identifying the query in target language from the query log comprising: providing a plurality of candidate queries in target language; evaluating the plurality of candidate queries in target language at least partly by deducing a monolingual similarity between the input query in source language and a translation of a respective candidate query from target language to source language; and ranking the plurality of candidate queries in target language using a cross-lingual query similarity score, the cross-lingual query similarity score being based on a plurality of features and a weight of each feature in calculating the cross-lingual query similarity score; and suggesting the query in target language as a cross-lingual query at least partly based on click-through information of documents selected by users for the query in target language. 7. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the identifying the query in target language from the query log further comprises: identifying one or more queries in target language whose cross-lingual query similarity score with the input query meets or exceeds a threshold.

19. The non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 15 , the operations further comprising ranking the suggestions to produce ranked suggestions.

19. The non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 15 , the operations further comprising ranking the suggestions to produce ranked suggestions. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 19 , wherein each ranked suggestion is ranked according to a transaction rank determined from one or more of a favorite index, a frequency count, and a references count.

1. A method comprising: presenting a document in a graphical user interface of a document editing application on a display of a first device to a first user; receiving, at the first device, information describing a first modification to the document at the first device by the first user; in response to receiving information describing the first modification to the document at the first device by the first user, the presentation of the document on the first device to reflect the first modification to the document at the first device by the first user without presenting an animation associated with the first modification made to the document at the first device by the first user; receiving, at the first device, information describing a second modification to the document at a second device by a second user; in response to receiving information describing the second modification to the document at the second device by the second user, changing the presentation of the document on the first device to reflect the second modification to the document at the second device by the second user and presenting an animation associated with the second modification to the document; receiving a message at the first device; identifying one or more keywords in text of the message, the one or more keywords associated with at least one of an attribute of the document and a feature or function of the document editing application; and presenting, on the first device, the message, wherein a portion of the text of the message associated with the identified one or more keywords is displayed as a selectable link, wherein the message is presented in a chat window displayed automatically when a new message is received or displayed in response to receiving input at an affordance.

1. A method comprising: presenting a document in a graphical user interface of a document editing application on a display of a first device to a first user; receiving, at the first device, information describing a first modification to the document at the first device by the first user; in response to receiving information describing the first modification to the document at the first device by the first user, the presentation of the document on the first device to reflect the first modification to the document at the first device by the first user without presenting an animation associated with the first modification made to the document at the first device by the first user; receiving, at the first device, information describing a second modification to the document at a second device by a second user; in response to receiving information describing the second modification to the document at the second device by the second user, changing the presentation of the document on the first device to reflect the second modification to the document at the second device by the second user and presenting an animation associated with the second modification to the document; receiving a message at the first device; identifying one or more keywords in text of the message, the one or more keywords associated with at least one of an attribute of the document and a feature or function of the document editing application; and presenting, on the first device, the message, wherein a portion of the text of the message associated with the identified one or more keywords is displayed as a selectable link, wherein the message is presented in a chat window displayed automatically when a new message is received or displayed in response to receiving input at an affordance. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second modification is associated with a graphical element of the document.

14. The method of claim 10 , further comprising determining a transportation mode, wherein determining of the navigational text candidate is based, at least in part, on the transportation mode.

14. The method of claim 10 , further comprising determining a transportation mode, wherein determining of the navigational text candidate is based, at least in part, on the transportation mode. 15. The method of claim 14 , wherein determining the navigational text candidate comprises: determining a navigational attribute type based, at least in part, on correlating the navigational attribute type and the transportation mode; identifying a navigational attribute of the navigational attribute type; and determining the navigational text candidate comprising textual information indicative of the navigational attribute.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: generating an index to the entries in the database based on a plurality of training phoneme lattices and factors of interest from valid entries in the database, wherein the factors of interest comprise trigrams; wherein the identifying of the data from the database is further based on the index.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: generating an index to the entries in the database based on a plurality of training phoneme lattices and factors of interest from valid entries in the database, wherein the factors of interest comprise trigrams; wherein the identifying of the data from the database is further based on the index. 3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the index is divided into two sub-indices.

1. A method of responding to a request, comprising: receiving the request; determining automatically a type associated with the request; and providing a portion of the request to a human assistant in an interface selected based on the type and providing information of a query in an order based on a ranking of the query.

1. A method of responding to a request, comprising: receiving the request; determining automatically a type associated with the request; and providing a portion of the request to a human assistant in an interface selected based on the type and providing information of a query in an order based on a ranking of the query. 5. The method of claim 1 , comprising: selecting a GUI associated with an automated response matched to a highest ranking automated resource for the request as the interface.

12. A computer readable medium having stored thereon computer executable instructions comprising: providing a transparent first graphical user interface overlaying a second graphical user interface; receiving pointer input in a handwriting area corresponding to the transparent first graphical user interface; displaying a guideline at a first position when a pen contacts a first position in the handwriting area; displaying the guideline at a second position only when the pen is lifted from the first position and subsequently contacts a second position in the handwriting area a threshold distance from the first position, wherein the threshold distance depends upon a direction of movement of the pen from the first position to the second position; displaying handwriting objects represented by the pointer input in the transparent first graphical user interface; recognizing text from the pointer input; and providing the recognized text to a software application.

12. A computer readable medium having stored thereon computer executable instructions comprising: providing a transparent first graphical user interface overlaying a second graphical user interface; receiving pointer input in a handwriting area corresponding to the transparent first graphical user interface; displaying a guideline at a first position when a pen contacts a first position in the handwriting area; displaying the guideline at a second position only when the pen is lifted from the first position and subsequently contacts a second position in the handwriting area a threshold distance from the first position, wherein the threshold distance depends upon a direction of movement of the pen from the first position to the second position; displaying handwriting objects represented by the pointer input in the transparent first graphical user interface; recognizing text from the pointer input; and providing the recognized text to a software application. 18. The computer readable medium recited in claim 12 , wherein the instructions further comprise: deleting the handwriting guideline when received pointer input will not be displayed in the transparent first graphical user interface.

20. A knowledge system comprising a computer having a memory, said memory storing a knowledge base capable of being interpreted by a knowledge base interpreter to solve specified problems pertaining to a subject domain, said computer further comprising an authoring system for designing an evaluation procedure, said authoring system comprising means for analyzing the content of said knowledge base to determine a set of interrupt conditions for interrupting said interpreting of said knowledge base when said conditions occur to thereupon initiate said evaluation procedure, and means for designing said evaluation procedure for comparing knowledge about a subset of said interrupt conditions to knowledge obtained from a subject system.

20. A knowledge system comprising a computer having a memory, said memory storing a knowledge base capable of being interpreted by a knowledge base interpreter to solve specified problems pertaining to a subject domain, said computer further comprising an authoring system for designing an evaluation procedure, said authoring system comprising means for analyzing the content of said knowledge base to determine a set of interrupt conditions for interrupting said interpreting of said knowledge base when said conditions occur to thereupon initiate said evaluation procedure, and means for designing said evaluation procedure for comparing knowledge about a subset of said interrupt conditions to knowledge obtained from a subject system. 23. The knowledge system as claimed in claim 20, wherein said authoring system is independent of said subject domain.

1. A method for assisting a user with one or more desired tasks within a domain, the method comprising: receiving, by a computing system comprising one or more computing devices, a verbal language input and at least one of a plurality of different kinds of non-verbal input from the user; determining, by the computing system, from the verbal language input and the at least one of a plurality of different kinds of non-verbal input, an intention of the user with respect to the one or more desired tasks, by an executable generic language understanding module and a run-time specification comprising a model configured to a specific field of use; and performing, by the computing system, a domain-specific task in accordance with the intention of the user, by an executable generic task reasoning module and a run-time specification comprising a task flow configured to the specific field of use.

1. A method for assisting a user with one or more desired tasks within a domain, the method comprising: receiving, by a computing system comprising one or more computing devices, a verbal language input and at least one of a plurality of different kinds of non-verbal input from the user; determining, by the computing system, from the verbal language input and the at least one of a plurality of different kinds of non-verbal input, an intention of the user with respect to the one or more desired tasks, by an executable generic language understanding module and a run-time specification comprising a model configured to a specific field of use; and performing, by the computing system, a domain-specific task in accordance with the intention of the user, by an executable generic task reasoning module and a run-time specification comprising a task flow configured to the specific field of use. 13. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the intention of the user includes considering feedback from the generic task reasoning module.

29. The method in claim 28 including prompting a user to enter values of particular heating parameters for particular ones of said plurality of heating functions and receiving user entry of values of said particular heating parameters.

29. The method in claim 28 including prompting a user to enter values of particular heating parameters for particular ones of said plurality of heating functions and receiving user entry of values of said particular heating parameters. 30. The method in claim 29 including prompting a user to enter values of particular timing parameters for particular ones of said plurality of timing functions and receiving user entry of values of said particular timing parameters.

20. A server system for hosting an online media store for a plurality of digital media assets, comprising one or more processors; memory storing one or more programs to be executed by the one or more processors; the one or more programs comprising instructions for: receiving at least one search character entered at a client device; determining a set of search hints that match the at least one search character, each search hint in the determined set of words being associated with one or more digital media assets available at the online media store and each digital media asset having an associated media type; for each respective word in the determined set of search hints: determining whether the client device supports the media type of at least one of the one or more digital media assets associated with the respective search hint in the determined set of search hints; in accordance with a determination that the client device does not support the media type associated with any of the one or more digital media assets associated with the respective word, removing the respective search hint from the determined set of search hints; obtaining sales popularity data for each of the digital media assets that match the at least one search hint in the filtered set of search hints, wherein the sales popularity data is based on purchase data for each of the digital media assets; and ordering the set of search hints using the sales popularity data, the sales popularity data being based on the frequency at which purchases of respective digital media assets occur.

20. A server system for hosting an online media store for a plurality of digital media assets, comprising one or more processors; memory storing one or more programs to be executed by the one or more processors; the one or more programs comprising instructions for: receiving at least one search character entered at a client device; determining a set of search hints that match the at least one search character, each search hint in the determined set of words being associated with one or more digital media assets available at the online media store and each digital media asset having an associated media type; for each respective word in the determined set of search hints: determining whether the client device supports the media type of at least one of the one or more digital media assets associated with the respective search hint in the determined set of search hints; in accordance with a determination that the client device does not support the media type associated with any of the one or more digital media assets associated with the respective word, removing the respective search hint from the determined set of search hints; obtaining sales popularity data for each of the digital media assets that match the at least one search hint in the filtered set of search hints, wherein the sales popularity data is based on purchase data for each of the digital media assets; and ordering the set of search hints using the sales popularity data, the sales popularity data being based on the frequency at which purchases of respective digital media assets occur. 24. The server system of claim 20 , wherein the sales popularity data for a particular one of the search hints pertains to popularity of the corresponding digital media asset with respect to the online media store.

13. A communication device comprising: a microphone; a speaker; an input device; a display; a camera; an antenna; a voice communicating implementer which implements voice communication by utilizing said microphone and said speaker; a sound caller ID implementer which outputs a specific sound from said speaker which corresponds to the caller of incoming call; an auto time adjusting implementer which automatically adjusts the clock of said communication device in accordance with a wireless signal received by said antenna; a calculation implementer which implements mathematical calculation by utilizing digits input via said input device; a word processing implementer which includes a bold formatting implementer, an italic formatting implementer, and/or a font formatting implementer, wherein said bold formatting implementer changes alphanumeric data to bold, said italic formatting implementer changes alphanumeric data to italic, and said font formatting implementer changes alphanumeric data to a selected font; a startup software implementer, which automatically executes one or more of specific software programs when said communication device is turned on, wherein said one or more of specific software programs are selected via said input device before said communication device is turned off; a stereo audio data output implementer which outputs audio data in a stereo fashion; a digital camera implementer, wherein the output from said camera is stored in said communication device with the image quality identified by the user in advance to said output; a multiple language displaying implementer, wherein a specific language is selected from a plurality of languages, and the interface to operate said communication device is displayed with said specific language; a caller's information displaying implementer which displays a personal information regarding caller on said display when a phone call is received; an icon software implementer, wherein the software program indicated by an icon is executed when said icon is selected; a spreadsheet displaying implementer which displays a spreadsheet on said display, wherein said spreadsheet includes a plurality of cells which are aligned in a matrix fashion; and a TV remote controlling implementer which outputs a TV control signal, wherein said TV control signal is a wireless signal to control a TV tuner.

13. A communication device comprising: a microphone; a speaker; an input device; a display; a camera; an antenna; a voice communicating implementer which implements voice communication by utilizing said microphone and said speaker; a sound caller ID implementer which outputs a specific sound from said speaker which corresponds to the caller of incoming call; an auto time adjusting implementer which automatically adjusts the clock of said communication device in accordance with a wireless signal received by said antenna; a calculation implementer which implements mathematical calculation by utilizing digits input via said input device; a word processing implementer which includes a bold formatting implementer, an italic formatting implementer, and/or a font formatting implementer, wherein said bold formatting implementer changes alphanumeric data to bold, said italic formatting implementer changes alphanumeric data to italic, and said font formatting implementer changes alphanumeric data to a selected font; a startup software implementer, which automatically executes one or more of specific software programs when said communication device is turned on, wherein said one or more of specific software programs are selected via said input device before said communication device is turned off; a stereo audio data output implementer which outputs audio data in a stereo fashion; a digital camera implementer, wherein the output from said camera is stored in said communication device with the image quality identified by the user in advance to said output; a multiple language displaying implementer, wherein a specific language is selected from a plurality of languages, and the interface to operate said communication device is displayed with said specific language; a caller's information displaying implementer which displays a personal information regarding caller on said display when a phone call is received; an icon software implementer, wherein the software program indicated by an icon is executed when said icon is selected; a spreadsheet displaying implementer which displays a spreadsheet on said display, wherein said spreadsheet includes a plurality of cells which are aligned in a matrix fashion; and a TV remote controlling implementer which outputs a TV control signal, wherein said TV control signal is a wireless signal to control a TV tuner. 16. The communication device of claim 13 , wherein the specific sound output from said speaker when said sound caller ID implementer is performed is the one selected by the user from multiple sound selections in advance to receiving said incoming call.

16. The system of claim 15 wherein the selected file comprises a slide show.

16. The system of claim 15 wherein the selected file comprises a slide show. 17. The system of claim 16 further configured to: record a voice annotation about the slide show; and store the recorded voice annotation in a database.

11. An information retrieval system for accumulation and retrieval of data related to one or more information sources in a search space, said system comprising: remote program code at least one remote terminal; said remote program code being adapted for monitoring user activity of at least one user accessing any information source in the search space wherein the monitoring occurs irrespective of whether a uniform resource locator (URL) accessed in the search space is the same as the URL of said central program code, for collecting monitored data related to said user activity and to each of said information sources accessed by said at least one user, and for transmitting said monitored data, wherein said remote program code monitors and transmits said user activity without requiring said at least one user to access a search engine or any particular web site, and the monitoring and transmitting is independent of the at least one user's access to any search engine, and further wherein the user does not need to access the search engine or the particular website for the monitoring to be performed; and a central computer having central program code receiving said monitored data transmitted from said remote program code; said central program code being adapted for maintaining a central database of data records, for accessing information related to said information sources, and for comparing said data records with said information related to said information sources; wherein said central program code supplements said data records in accordance with said monitored data to provide an augmented central database, said central computer identifying candidate response information related to said information sources in response to a request for information from said at least one user, comparing contents of said augmented central database with said request and with said candidate response information, customizing information retrieval results for said at least one user based on said identifying and said comparing, and transmitting, to said remote program code at said at least one remote terminal, data concerning one or more of said information sources which contain information relevant to said request so as to progressively tailor said customized information retrieval results for said at least one user and provide said customized information retrieval results to said at least one user.

11. An information retrieval system for accumulation and retrieval of data related to one or more information sources in a search space, said system comprising: remote program code at least one remote terminal; said remote program code being adapted for monitoring user activity of at least one user accessing any information source in the search space wherein the monitoring occurs irrespective of whether a uniform resource locator (URL) accessed in the search space is the same as the URL of said central program code, for collecting monitored data related to said user activity and to each of said information sources accessed by said at least one user, and for transmitting said monitored data, wherein said remote program code monitors and transmits said user activity without requiring said at least one user to access a search engine or any particular web site, and the monitoring and transmitting is independent of the at least one user's access to any search engine, and further wherein the user does not need to access the search engine or the particular website for the monitoring to be performed; and a central computer having central program code receiving said monitored data transmitted from said remote program code; said central program code being adapted for maintaining a central database of data records, for accessing information related to said information sources, and for comparing said data records with said information related to said information sources; wherein said central program code supplements said data records in accordance with said monitored data to provide an augmented central database, said central computer identifying candidate response information related to said information sources in response to a request for information from said at least one user, comparing contents of said augmented central database with said request and with said candidate response information, customizing information retrieval results for said at least one user based on said identifying and said comparing, and transmitting, to said remote program code at said at least one remote terminal, data concerning one or more of said information sources which contain information relevant to said request so as to progressively tailor said customized information retrieval results for said at least one user and provide said customized information retrieval results to said at least one user. 14. A system as claimed in claim 11 , wherein said monitored data comprises explicit data, including user input in response to one or more queries from said central computer, said user input including data selected from the group consisting of user profile information and user feedback concerning information retrieval results, said explicit data being added iteratively to said central database to form said augmented central database so as to progressively tailor information retrieval results for said at least one user based on said explicit data.

13. The system of claim 1 wherein, upon selection by the user of an integrated ad displayed at the user terminal, the processor is programmed to transfer the user from the displayed publisher page to a corresponding display of an advertiser site.

13. The system of claim 1 wherein, upon selection by the user of an integrated ad displayed at the user terminal, the processor is programmed to transfer the user from the displayed publisher page to a corresponding display of an advertiser site. 16. The system of claim 13 , wherein the processor is programmed to track by any of a beacon and a cookie located on the advertiser site.

12. A system for converting a Component Business Model (CBM) into Services Oriented Architecture (SOA) environment comprising: a processor comprising a non-transitory storage medium; a component for providing CBM related data comprising a heat map; a component for processing, using the processor, the CBM related data by a modeling language to produce a CBM model, wherein said component for processing is adapted to, at a first converting step, automatically convert the CBM related data to a modeling language representation, and further wherein said component for processing is adapted to, subsequent to the first converting step, convert the modeling language representation of the CBM related data to a CBM model; wherein the first converting step comprises the following: parsing the CBM related data; retrieving a plurality of CBM elements; processing the plurality of CBM elements; identifying a plurality of modeling language elements that respectively correspond to the plurality of CBM elements; and forming the plurality of modeling language elements into the modeling language representation of the CBM related data.

12. A system for converting a Component Business Model (CBM) into Services Oriented Architecture (SOA) environment comprising: a processor comprising a non-transitory storage medium; a component for providing CBM related data comprising a heat map; a component for processing, using the processor, the CBM related data by a modeling language to produce a CBM model, wherein said component for processing is adapted to, at a first converting step, automatically convert the CBM related data to a modeling language representation, and further wherein said component for processing is adapted to, subsequent to the first converting step, convert the modeling language representation of the CBM related data to a CBM model; wherein the first converting step comprises the following: parsing the CBM related data; retrieving a plurality of CBM elements; processing the plurality of CBM elements; identifying a plurality of modeling language elements that respectively correspond to the plurality of CBM elements; and forming the plurality of modeling language elements into the modeling language representation of the CBM related data. 14. The system of claim 12 wherein the modeling language is UML and wherein the CBM model is a UML model.

1. An apparatus for dynamic Web page performance scoring, comprising: a tool for accessing Web page structure in connection with the real time loading, display, and operation of a Web page; said tool comprising a module for analyzing a plurality of Web page metrics related to said Web page while said Web page is running; said tool comprising a module for receiving information about said Web page that is generated while analyzing said Web page metrics; said tool comprising a heuristic mechanism for calculating a performance subscore for each of said metrics; and said tool comprising a module for combining said performance subscores for said metrics to produce at least one interpretable Web page performance score.

1. An apparatus for dynamic Web page performance scoring, comprising: a tool for accessing Web page structure in connection with the real time loading, display, and operation of a Web page; said tool comprising a module for analyzing a plurality of Web page metrics related to said Web page while said Web page is running; said tool comprising a module for receiving information about said Web page that is generated while analyzing said Web page metrics; said tool comprising a heuristic mechanism for calculating a performance subscore for each of said metrics; and said tool comprising a module for combining said performance subscores for said metrics to produce at least one interpretable Web page performance score. 5. The apparatus of claim 1 , said tool comprising a module for measuring relative performance of Web pages interactively as they are being developed.

1. An information management method for use in an information management system that includes a coordinate pointing device for identifying a paper medium, and a contents server for managing a digital document, and holds an attribute of the digital document and an attribute of a paper document obtained by printing the digital document on the paper medium, the information management method comprising: judging whether a paper document identified by the coordinate pointing device is a master of a document by referring to an attribute of the paper document; and permitting, when it is judged that the identified paper document is the master of the document, to update information annotated to the identified paper document in a digital document corresponding to the paper document to which the information has been annotated.

1. An information management method for use in an information management system that includes a coordinate pointing device for identifying a paper medium, and a contents server for managing a digital document, and holds an attribute of the digital document and an attribute of a paper document obtained by printing the digital document on the paper medium, the information management method comprising: judging whether a paper document identified by the coordinate pointing device is a master of a document by referring to an attribute of the paper document; and permitting, when it is judged that the identified paper document is the master of the document, to update information annotated to the identified paper document in a digital document corresponding to the paper document to which the information has been annotated. 2. The information management method according to claim 1 , wherein the paper document has location information which allows the coordinate pointing device to identify a location on the paper document, and wherein the information management method further comprises: identifying, by the coordinate pointing device, the location on the paper document by referring to the location information onto the paper document and obtains a time at which the location is identified, generating, by the contents server, stroke information indicating at least one stroke annotated on the paper document, based on the location on the paper document and the time obtained by the coordinate pointing device.

1. A user terminal, comprising: a processor; a messaging system configured to receive messages, each message being of a type selected from the list of: an email, an instant message, a short message service (SMS) message, and a multimedia service (MMS) message; a contact identification system configured to identify language in the text of a message that matches a contact name in a contact storage system; and a link conversion system configured to convert each respective identified instance of language into a link that, when actuated, initiates an action relating to the contact name that matched the respective identified instance of language, wherein at least one of the links is configured to cause a list of selectable actions for the matched contact name to be displayed when actuated.

1. A user terminal, comprising: a processor; a messaging system configured to receive messages, each message being of a type selected from the list of: an email, an instant message, a short message service (SMS) message, and a multimedia service (MMS) message; a contact identification system configured to identify language in the text of a message that matches a contact name in a contact storage system; and a link conversion system configured to convert each respective identified instance of language into a link that, when actuated, initiates an action relating to the contact name that matched the respective identified instance of language, wherein at least one of the links is configured to cause a list of selectable actions for the matched contact name to be displayed when actuated. 8. The user terminal of claim 1 wherein the list of selectable actions includes an action that calls the contact name, an action that generates an instant message addressed to the contact name, and an action that generates an email message addressed to the contact name.

1. A computer program product for facilitating memory access, said computer program product comprising: a non-transitory computer readable storage medium readable by a processing circuit and storing instructions for execution by the processing circuit for performing a method comprising: providing a first partition within a system configuration, the first partition configured to support an operating system (OS) designed for a first address translation architecture, wherein configuration of the first partition to support the OS designed for the first address translation architecture is indicated in configuration information in a configuration data structure, and wherein the first partition is not configured to support an OS designed for a second address translation architecture; providing a second partition within the system configuration, the second partition configured to support the OS designed for the second address translation architecture, wherein configuration of the second partition to support the OS designed for the second address translation architecture is indicated in the configuration information in the configuration data structure, wherein the second partition is not configured to support the OS designed for the first address translation architecture, wherein the first address translation architecture is structurally different from the second address translation architecture; based on obtaining, as part of an address translation request of the first partition or second partition, an address for translation, determining, based on the configuration information in the configuration data structure, an address translation architecture to use to translate the address; and translating the address via the determined address translation architecture.

1. A computer program product for facilitating memory access, said computer program product comprising: a non-transitory computer readable storage medium readable by a processing circuit and storing instructions for execution by the processing circuit for performing a method comprising: providing a first partition within a system configuration, the first partition configured to support an operating system (OS) designed for a first address translation architecture, wherein configuration of the first partition to support the OS designed for the first address translation architecture is indicated in configuration information in a configuration data structure, and wherein the first partition is not configured to support an OS designed for a second address translation architecture; providing a second partition within the system configuration, the second partition configured to support the OS designed for the second address translation architecture, wherein configuration of the second partition to support the OS designed for the second address translation architecture is indicated in the configuration information in the configuration data structure, wherein the second partition is not configured to support the OS designed for the first address translation architecture, wherein the first address translation architecture is structurally different from the second address translation architecture; based on obtaining, as part of an address translation request of the first partition or second partition, an address for translation, determining, based on the configuration information in the configuration data structure, an address translation architecture to use to translate the address; and translating the address via the determined address translation architecture. 2. The computer program product of claim 1 , wherein the first address translation architecture is for handling address translation requests of the first partition and the second address translation architecture is for handling address translation requests of the second partition.

13. A method for displaying an object created by an application program running under an operating system, by reproducing the behavior of legacy AWT-based controls by switching between swing controls, using at least one of a system of software components stored on a computer-readable medium, which can be invoked during runtime to generate a graphical representation of the object that is substantially independent of the operating system, the method performed by the application program and comprising: activating a first swing proxy component of the system of software components to dynamically generate a first graphical representation of the object during runtime; monitoring the mode of use of the object; and upon detecting a change in the mode of use of the object, if it is detected that the activated proxy is not capable of supporting the new mode of use, deactivating the first swing proxy component and activating a second swing proxy component of the system of software components to dynamically generate a second graphical representation of the object during runtime, wherein the second graphical representation is distinct from the first.

13. A method for displaying an object created by an application program running under an operating system, by reproducing the behavior of legacy AWT-based controls by switching between swing controls, using at least one of a system of software components stored on a computer-readable medium, which can be invoked during runtime to generate a graphical representation of the object that is substantially independent of the operating system, the method performed by the application program and comprising: activating a first swing proxy component of the system of software components to dynamically generate a first graphical representation of the object during runtime; monitoring the mode of use of the object; and upon detecting a change in the mode of use of the object, if it is detected that the activated proxy is not capable of supporting the new mode of use, deactivating the first swing proxy component and activating a second swing proxy component of the system of software components to dynamically generate a second graphical representation of the object during runtime, wherein the second graphical representation is distinct from the first. 20. The method as recited in claim 13 , further comprising varying the appearance and behavior of the object, depending on whether the object is displayed during activation of the first or the second software components.

1. A bill of material (BOM) management system for processing a product data or configuration change of a product between a plurality of BOMs, each BOM with a corresponding functional domain, comprising: a plurality of product elements associated with each BOM, each product element defining at least one assembly, each assembly having at least one component of a corresponding assembly, both the assembly and the component being listed in a corresponding BOM as a product element of the product; a dynamic link that maps and connects each component of the assembly in a first BOM disposed in a first file server of a first functional domain to a corresponding component of the assembly in a different, second BOM disposed in a second file server of a second functional domain; a semantic network having a product knowledge that interacts with the corresponding BOM using a computing network connecting the first and second file servers, the product knowledge having information about the dynamic link; and a Decompose/Recompose/Multi-arrange (DRM) process module that manages product configuration information of the product, the DRM process module having a computer processor, executing computer-executable instructions, to perform a decompose process, a recompose process, and a multi-arrange process, wherein, using the computer processor, the DRM process module detects a changed product having the product data or configuration change of the product in each BOM of the corresponding functional domain, the DRM process module transmits product information relating to the product data or configuration change, including the dynamic link, from the first BOM to the second BOM so that each component of the changed product in the first BOM is linked to the corresponding component of the second BOM, wherein, using the computer processor, the DRM process module performs the decompose process by grouping the product elements based on the product knowledge of the semantic network, performs the recompose process by regrouping the product elements in a selected domain context, and performs the multi-arrange process by rearranging the product elements to propagate the product data or configuration change of a product structure in the first BOM of the first functional domain to another product structure in the second BOM of the second functional domain via the computing network, and wherein, using the computer processor, the DRM process module automatically creates and adds a new dynamic link in the product knowledge for the propagation for reflecting the same product data or configuration change of the changed product in the first BOM into the second BOM based on determining that the product data or configuration change of the changed product in the first BOM does not exist in the second BOM.

1. A bill of material (BOM) management system for processing a product data or configuration change of a product between a plurality of BOMs, each BOM with a corresponding functional domain, comprising: a plurality of product elements associated with each BOM, each product element defining at least one assembly, each assembly having at least one component of a corresponding assembly, both the assembly and the component being listed in a corresponding BOM as a product element of the product; a dynamic link that maps and connects each component of the assembly in a first BOM disposed in a first file server of a first functional domain to a corresponding component of the assembly in a different, second BOM disposed in a second file server of a second functional domain; a semantic network having a product knowledge that interacts with the corresponding BOM using a computing network connecting the first and second file servers, the product knowledge having information about the dynamic link; and a Decompose/Recompose/Multi-arrange (DRM) process module that manages product configuration information of the product, the DRM process module having a computer processor, executing computer-executable instructions, to perform a decompose process, a recompose process, and a multi-arrange process, wherein, using the computer processor, the DRM process module detects a changed product having the product data or configuration change of the product in each BOM of the corresponding functional domain, the DRM process module transmits product information relating to the product data or configuration change, including the dynamic link, from the first BOM to the second BOM so that each component of the changed product in the first BOM is linked to the corresponding component of the second BOM, wherein, using the computer processor, the DRM process module performs the decompose process by grouping the product elements based on the product knowledge of the semantic network, performs the recompose process by regrouping the product elements in a selected domain context, and performs the multi-arrange process by rearranging the product elements to propagate the product data or configuration change of a product structure in the first BOM of the first functional domain to another product structure in the second BOM of the second functional domain via the computing network, and wherein, using the computer processor, the DRM process module automatically creates and adds a new dynamic link in the product knowledge for the propagation for reflecting the same product data or configuration change of the changed product in the first BOM into the second BOM based on determining that the product data or configuration change of the changed product in the first BOM does not exist in the second BOM. 8. The BOM management system of claim 1 , wherein the DRM process module monitors the semantic network and product data changes including the dynamic links associated with the products listed in the plurality of BOMs.

15. A computer system adapted to perform text classification based on language-independent text features, the computer system comprising: a feature extractor adapted to perform operations comprising: performing a first syntactic and semantic analysis of a training natural language text to produce a first plurality of language-independent semantic structures representing a plurality of sentences of the training natural language text; producing, based on the first plurality of language-independent semantic structures, a text classifier model; performing a second syntactic and semantic analysis of an input natural language text to produce a second plurality of language-independent semantic structures representing a plurality of sentences of the input natural language text; extracting, using the second plurality of language-independent semantic structures, a set of features, wherein at least one feature references a semantic class of a language-independent semantic hierarchy comprising a plurality of semantic classes, in which the semantic class exhibits one or more properties inherited from its parent semantic class; and a text classifier adapted to perform operations comprising: applying the text classifier model to the set of features to generate a classification spectrum comprising a plurality of weight values, wherein each weight value references a degree of association of the input natural language text with a particular category of natural language texts; and associating the input natural language text with one or more categories using the classification spectrum.

15. A computer system adapted to perform text classification based on language-independent text features, the computer system comprising: a feature extractor adapted to perform operations comprising: performing a first syntactic and semantic analysis of a training natural language text to produce a first plurality of language-independent semantic structures representing a plurality of sentences of the training natural language text; producing, based on the first plurality of language-independent semantic structures, a text classifier model; performing a second syntactic and semantic analysis of an input natural language text to produce a second plurality of language-independent semantic structures representing a plurality of sentences of the input natural language text; extracting, using the second plurality of language-independent semantic structures, a set of features, wherein at least one feature references a semantic class of a language-independent semantic hierarchy comprising a plurality of semantic classes, in which the semantic class exhibits one or more properties inherited from its parent semantic class; and a text classifier adapted to perform operations comprising: applying the text classifier model to the set of features to generate a classification spectrum comprising a plurality of weight values, wherein each weight value references a degree of association of the input natural language text with a particular category of natural language texts; and associating the input natural language text with one or more categories using the classification spectrum. 16. The computer system of claim 15 , wherein the feature extractor is further adapted to perform operations comprising: determining a grammatical feature of the input natural language text.

10. A natural language processing system for processing internal conceptual expressions of a computer not in a natural language so that they are converted to a message in a natural language in accordance with the expression form of the message determined to be preferred by a person intended to receive the message, comprising: input means for inputting information expressed by a list of concepts each comprising an internal conceptual expression of a computer not in a natural language that is to be communicated to a person intended to receive a message embodying the concept; a knowledge base having the knowledge of natural languages, general knowledge, and the knowledge of specific domains; linguistic concept generation means for generating a linguistic concept dependent upon language to be added to individual concepts in the list of concepts input from said input means; parameter determination means for determining a parameter for the linguistic concept generated by said linguistic concept generation means; selecting means for determining the expression form of a message embodying the individual concepts preferred by the person intended to receive the message by using data in said knowledge base, the individual concepts and the determined parameter and selecting one natural language expression form of the message from a plurality of possible expression forms embodying the individual concepts in accordance with the determined, preferred expression form of the message; and conversion means for converting the individual concepts into the message embodying the individual concepts in a natural language expression selected by said selecting means.

10. A natural language processing system for processing internal conceptual expressions of a computer not in a natural language so that they are converted to a message in a natural language in accordance with the expression form of the message determined to be preferred by a person intended to receive the message, comprising: input means for inputting information expressed by a list of concepts each comprising an internal conceptual expression of a computer not in a natural language that is to be communicated to a person intended to receive a message embodying the concept; a knowledge base having the knowledge of natural languages, general knowledge, and the knowledge of specific domains; linguistic concept generation means for generating a linguistic concept dependent upon language to be added to individual concepts in the list of concepts input from said input means; parameter determination means for determining a parameter for the linguistic concept generated by said linguistic concept generation means; selecting means for determining the expression form of a message embodying the individual concepts preferred by the person intended to receive the message by using data in said knowledge base, the individual concepts and the determined parameter and selecting one natural language expression form of the message from a plurality of possible expression forms embodying the individual concepts in accordance with the determined, preferred expression form of the message; and conversion means for converting the individual concepts into the message embodying the individual concepts in a natural language expression selected by said selecting means. 12. A system according to claim 10, wherein said parameter determination means includes person determination means for determining the person mentioned in a selected natural language expression selected by said selecting means.

24. The system of claim 1 , wherein the processor implements the first processing node and the second processing node for dynamically adjusting by dynamically adjusting the required threshold level based on continuous monitoring at the first processing node of success/fail rates of the first and the second verification criteria for individual users and for all users.

24. The system of claim 1 , wherein the processor implements the first processing node and the second processing node for dynamically adjusting by dynamically adjusting the required threshold level based on continuous monitoring at the first processing node of success/fail rates of the first and the second verification criteria for individual users and for all users. 25. The system of claim 24 , wherein the processor implements the first processing node and the second processing node for correlating the success/fail rates at the second processing node with additional patterns including a location, endpoint, issuer, device, provisioning agent, or other network input, to automatically deduce a required adjustment to the threshold level.

10. The method of claim 2 , wherein the output includes displaying the relevant messaging as part of one or more linked web pages, wherein the non-promoted content is in a hyperlinked format.

10. The method of claim 2 , wherein the output includes displaying the relevant messaging as part of one or more linked web pages, wherein the non-promoted content is in a hyperlinked format. 11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the non-promoted content synthesized for possible display is prioritized, wherein a higher priority results in a higher probability of display and/or a higher number in an order sequence for display.

1. A computer system comprising: one or more processors; a software program, executable on said computer system, the software program configured to: cause an enrichment engine to receive an input data set comprising a first supplier and a second supplier; cause the enrichment engine to perform standardization and cleansing of the input data set, the standardization comprising validating supplier addresses to a locality/city level; cause the enrichment engine to identify duplicate entries in the input data set; cause a matching component of the enrichment engine to perform matching of non-duplicate entries of the input data set to a business compendium having data compiled from a third party source, wherein the matching is performed according to criteria comprising, a first priority comprising name or address having a score greater than a minimum and changed manually in the past, a second priority comprising name or address having the score greater than the minimum and generated by a matching engine, a third priority comprising the third party source as a preferred data provider, and a fourth priority comprising a most recent updating; cause the enrichment engine to create an enriched data set including additional information based upon the matching, wherein the additional information comprises common corporate ownership and a unique supplier location indicating the first supplier as a subsidiary of the second supplier; and providing the enriched data set to a user for manual review.

1. A computer system comprising: one or more processors; a software program, executable on said computer system, the software program configured to: cause an enrichment engine to receive an input data set comprising a first supplier and a second supplier; cause the enrichment engine to perform standardization and cleansing of the input data set, the standardization comprising validating supplier addresses to a locality/city level; cause the enrichment engine to identify duplicate entries in the input data set; cause a matching component of the enrichment engine to perform matching of non-duplicate entries of the input data set to a business compendium having data compiled from a third party source, wherein the matching is performed according to criteria comprising, a first priority comprising name or address having a score greater than a minimum and changed manually in the past, a second priority comprising name or address having the score greater than the minimum and generated by a matching engine, a third priority comprising the third party source as a preferred data provider, and a fourth priority comprising a most recent updating; cause the enrichment engine to create an enriched data set including additional information based upon the matching, wherein the additional information comprises common corporate ownership and a unique supplier location indicating the first supplier as a subsidiary of the second supplier; and providing the enriched data set to a user for manual review. 6. A computer system as in claim 1 wherein the additional information includes a duplicate data record identifier.

1. One or more computer readable media having computer-executable instructions embodied thereon for performing a method for forecasting keyword search volume, comprising: providing one or more concept categories; constructing a category level seasonal variation pattern for each of the one or more concept categories, wherein seasonal variation refers to fluctuations in keyword search volume of one or more directly forecastable keywords included in the concept category based on trends that periodically repeat; identifying a seasonality of each of the one or more concept categories based on an associated category level seasonal variation pattern, assigning a non-directly forecastable keyword to a category selected from the one or more concept categories; and generating a forecast of keyword search volume for the non-directly forecastable keyword based on the seasonality of the assigned category, wherein the forecast is based on the category level seasonal variation pattern associated with the assigned category when the assigned category is identified as a seasonal category, and the forecast is based on a previous search volume associated with the assigned category when the assigned category is identified as a non-seasonal category.

1. One or more computer readable media having computer-executable instructions embodied thereon for performing a method for forecasting keyword search volume, comprising: providing one or more concept categories; constructing a category level seasonal variation pattern for each of the one or more concept categories, wherein seasonal variation refers to fluctuations in keyword search volume of one or more directly forecastable keywords included in the concept category based on trends that periodically repeat; identifying a seasonality of each of the one or more concept categories based on an associated category level seasonal variation pattern, assigning a non-directly forecastable keyword to a category selected from the one or more concept categories; and generating a forecast of keyword search volume for the non-directly forecastable keyword based on the seasonality of the assigned category, wherein the forecast is based on the category level seasonal variation pattern associated with the assigned category when the assigned category is identified as a seasonal category, and the forecast is based on a previous search volume associated with the assigned category when the assigned category is identified as a non-seasonal category. 2. The media of claim 1 , wherein providing one or more concept categories further comprises: receiving a plurality of categories; calculating a seasonal correlation factor for each category; and designating one or more categories as seasonal, based on the value of the seasonal correlation factor.

5. A system including a computer processor for allowing a user to generate a storyboard character graphically depicting a particular facial expression of emotion and/or emotion expressing pose to be portrayed by an actor, comprising: a user interface; a storage unit; an emotion-expressing character producing unit including, an emotional facial expression database for storing basic facial emotion-expressing character data, an emotional pose database for storing said basic emotion-expressing posed character data, an emotional facial expression producing unit associated with said emotional facial expression database and having a first menu for enabling the user to select and store in said storage unit, via inputs to said interface, a character having facial characteristics expressing a basic facial emotion, the selected character corresponding to one of several characters represented by previously stored basic facial emotion-expressing character data, and having a second menu for enabling the user to select a particular manipulation of one or more of the facial characteristics of the selected character to produce and store in said storage unit desired different facial emotion-expressing character data representing a desired different facial emotion-expressing character, and an emotional pose producing unit having another menu for enabling the user to select, via inputs to said interface, a basic emotion-expressing character pose for the selected character having a particular configuration of body part dispositions, the combination of which defines the user's desired emotional expression, or to select from the menu adjustments to be made to particular character body part dispositions of the selected basic emotion-expressing posed character, and to thereby manipulate the data corresponding to selected pose characteristics thereof to produce and store in said storage unit a desired different emotion-expressing posed character; and a storyboard generating unit including a computer processor coupled to said interface, said storage unit, said emotional facial expression database and said emotional pose database, for enabling the user to input script data, and to extract said basic facial emotion-expressing character data and/or said different facial emotion-expressing character data from said emotional facial expression database and/or said storage unit, and/or to extract said basic emotion-expressing posed character data and/or said different emotion-expressing posed character data from said emotional pose database, and to combine the extracted data with subsidiary image data stored in said storage unit and including at least one of background data, clothing data, and prop data to develop storyboard data for use in generating a storyboard including a cartoon character graphically expressing a particular emotion and/or pose to be portrayed by an actor.

5. A system including a computer processor for allowing a user to generate a storyboard character graphically depicting a particular facial expression of emotion and/or emotion expressing pose to be portrayed by an actor, comprising: a user interface; a storage unit; an emotion-expressing character producing unit including, an emotional facial expression database for storing basic facial emotion-expressing character data, an emotional pose database for storing said basic emotion-expressing posed character data, an emotional facial expression producing unit associated with said emotional facial expression database and having a first menu for enabling the user to select and store in said storage unit, via inputs to said interface, a character having facial characteristics expressing a basic facial emotion, the selected character corresponding to one of several characters represented by previously stored basic facial emotion-expressing character data, and having a second menu for enabling the user to select a particular manipulation of one or more of the facial characteristics of the selected character to produce and store in said storage unit desired different facial emotion-expressing character data representing a desired different facial emotion-expressing character, and an emotional pose producing unit having another menu for enabling the user to select, via inputs to said interface, a basic emotion-expressing character pose for the selected character having a particular configuration of body part dispositions, the combination of which defines the user's desired emotional expression, or to select from the menu adjustments to be made to particular character body part dispositions of the selected basic emotion-expressing posed character, and to thereby manipulate the data corresponding to selected pose characteristics thereof to produce and store in said storage unit a desired different emotion-expressing posed character; and a storyboard generating unit including a computer processor coupled to said interface, said storage unit, said emotional facial expression database and said emotional pose database, for enabling the user to input script data, and to extract said basic facial emotion-expressing character data and/or said different facial emotion-expressing character data from said emotional facial expression database and/or said storage unit, and/or to extract said basic emotion-expressing posed character data and/or said different emotion-expressing posed character data from said emotional pose database, and to combine the extracted data with subsidiary image data stored in said storage unit and including at least one of background data, clothing data, and prop data to develop storyboard data for use in generating a storyboard including a cartoon character graphically expressing a particular emotion and/or pose to be portrayed by an actor. 13. A system for allowing a user to generate a storyboard character graphically depicting a particular facial expression of emotion and/or emotion expressing pose to be portrayed by an actor as recited in claim 5 wherein said emotion-expressing character producing unit further includes means providing a preview screen for displaying a selected character and/or change in the facial expression of the selected character as the user manipulates the selected facial characteristics of the basic facial emotion-expressing character.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising creating a content identifier for each content node and an entity identifier for each entity node.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising creating a content identifier for each content node and an entity identifier for each entity node. 3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising indexing the content identifier, and storing associated content and associated feature set as searched keywords.

19. A computer program product comprising: a computer-readable recording medium providing instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause said computer to perform a method comprising: presenting a workspace window responsive to a relationship data structure that represents relationships between pieces of information; presenting a presentation set of an ordered set of text strings from an electronic document, said presentation set including one or more identified strings; receiving a quick-click command invocation on said one or more identified strings by said workspace window; and modifying said relationship data structure by adding an entity/relationship object to said relationship data structure responsive to said quick-click command invocation and said one or more identified strings; detecting a drag-and-drop operation dragging a first instance representation to a drop point; combining the first instance representation with a second instance representation, the second instance representation determined to be nearest to the drop point and within a threshold distance from the drop point, wherein the threshold distance is a multidimensional vector, a selection of strength of a relationship being responsive to weighted values of the multidimensional vector's elements, so that: if the nearest instance representation is an entity object, a new composite object is created that includes the entity object and an entity/relationship object represented by the dragged instance representation, and if the nearest instance representation is a first composite object, the entity/relationship object represented by the dragged instance representation is added to the composite object.

19. A computer program product comprising: a computer-readable recording medium providing instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause said computer to perform a method comprising: presenting a workspace window responsive to a relationship data structure that represents relationships between pieces of information; presenting a presentation set of an ordered set of text strings from an electronic document, said presentation set including one or more identified strings; receiving a quick-click command invocation on said one or more identified strings by said workspace window; and modifying said relationship data structure by adding an entity/relationship object to said relationship data structure responsive to said quick-click command invocation and said one or more identified strings; detecting a drag-and-drop operation dragging a first instance representation to a drop point; combining the first instance representation with a second instance representation, the second instance representation determined to be nearest to the drop point and within a threshold distance from the drop point, wherein the threshold distance is a multidimensional vector, a selection of strength of a relationship being responsive to weighted values of the multidimensional vector's elements, so that: if the nearest instance representation is an entity object, a new composite object is created that includes the entity object and an entity/relationship object represented by the dragged instance representation, and if the nearest instance representation is a first composite object, the entity/relationship object represented by the dragged instance representation is added to the composite object. 24. The computer program product of claim 19 , further comprising: identifying one or more identified strings within an ordered set of text strings from said electronic document, and wherein said entity/relationship object incorporates at least one of said one or more identified strings.

9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the database collects and records information in at least one of: an Expense Record Log, a Weekly Spending Report, a Personal Vision Statement, a Debt Ledger, a Debt Tracker, a Savings Record, a Loan Transaction Ledger, a Goal Worksheet, a Priorities Worksheet, a Financial Planning Personal Goals and Priorities Worksheet, a Statement of Financial Position, a Cash Flow Statement, a Budget Ratio Analysis, and a Summary of Financial Findings.

9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the database collects and records information in at least one of: an Expense Record Log, a Weekly Spending Report, a Personal Vision Statement, a Debt Ledger, a Debt Tracker, a Savings Record, a Loan Transaction Ledger, a Goal Worksheet, a Priorities Worksheet, a Financial Planning Personal Goals and Priorities Worksheet, a Statement of Financial Position, a Cash Flow Statement, a Budget Ratio Analysis, and a Summary of Financial Findings. 18. The system of claim 9 , further comprising: determining whether values, behaviors, and actions of the current financial life of the user are consistent with passages within a faith-based text.

1. A computer-implemented method, comprising: receiving a plurality of image search results that are responsive to a search query, each image search result referencing an image that has been identified as responsive to the search query based on a relevance score for the image search result, the relevance score being determined independent of a visual similarity of the image to other images referenced by the image search results; for a particular image search result: receiving, in a data processing apparatus, image similarity data for the particular image search result, the image similarity data being indicative of a visual similarity between the image referenced by the particular image search result and other images that are referenced by the plurality of image search results; generating, in a data processing apparatus, an adjustment factor based on the relevance score for the particular image search result and the image similarity data for the particular image search result, the adjustment factor specifying a quality measure for the particular image search result relative to the search query; determining that the particular image search result is a co-relevant result, the co-relevant result being a responsive image search result for which: the relevance score meets a specified relevance score threshold; and the image similarity data indicates that the image referenced by the responsive image search result has a least a threshold level of visual similarity to a threshold number of the images referenced by the image search results; and scaling the adjustment factor for the particular image search result by an amplification factor in response to determining that the particular image search result is a co-relevant result.

1. A computer-implemented method, comprising: receiving a plurality of image search results that are responsive to a search query, each image search result referencing an image that has been identified as responsive to the search query based on a relevance score for the image search result, the relevance score being determined independent of a visual similarity of the image to other images referenced by the image search results; for a particular image search result: receiving, in a data processing apparatus, image similarity data for the particular image search result, the image similarity data being indicative of a visual similarity between the image referenced by the particular image search result and other images that are referenced by the plurality of image search results; generating, in a data processing apparatus, an adjustment factor based on the relevance score for the particular image search result and the image similarity data for the particular image search result, the adjustment factor specifying a quality measure for the particular image search result relative to the search query; determining that the particular image search result is a co-relevant result, the co-relevant result being a responsive image search result for which: the relevance score meets a specified relevance score threshold; and the image similarity data indicates that the image referenced by the responsive image search result has a least a threshold level of visual similarity to a threshold number of the images referenced by the image search results; and scaling the adjustment factor for the particular image search result by an amplification factor in response to determining that the particular image search result is a co-relevant result. 8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the relevance scores for image search results are retrieved from a data store that stores relevance data for a plurality of images.

1. A Meta-Web apparatus, comprising: a browser for a user entering a search query and for displaying result pages to said user, the result pages comprising Web pages; a search engine for receiving said search query and for generating search results in response thereto; a registry for receiving and storing user annotations and other metadata; a Meta-Web server for creating said result pages dynamically from said search results generated by said search engine by performing a look-up in said registry to determine if there is a user annotation or other metadata associated with said search results and by ordering said search results according to their relevance, said relevance dynamically determined according to said user annotations and other metadata stored in said registry, said Meta-web server subsequently sending said result pages to said browser for viewing by said user entering said query; and an annotation bar for providing a mechanism to input said user annotations and other metadata to be stored in said registry, said annotation bar dynamically added to any content that is served to a user by said Meta-Web server; wherein said annotation bar comprises user-actuated buttons which provide functions that allow a user to comment, ask questions related to the search result, indicate that the search result is relevant, and to indicate that the search result is not relevant, all of which is stored in said registry; wherein each annotation provided by a user and stored in said registry dynamically alters subsequent searches, thereby providing more relevant search results; wherein said user selects portions of documents which are then used by said Meta-Web server to identify annotations in said registry and dynamically generate information relating thereto; a related items button for a portion of text that is highlighted by said user that provides related items and information for said highlighted text.

1. A Meta-Web apparatus, comprising: a browser for a user entering a search query and for displaying result pages to said user, the result pages comprising Web pages; a search engine for receiving said search query and for generating search results in response thereto; a registry for receiving and storing user annotations and other metadata; a Meta-Web server for creating said result pages dynamically from said search results generated by said search engine by performing a look-up in said registry to determine if there is a user annotation or other metadata associated with said search results and by ordering said search results according to their relevance, said relevance dynamically determined according to said user annotations and other metadata stored in said registry, said Meta-web server subsequently sending said result pages to said browser for viewing by said user entering said query; and an annotation bar for providing a mechanism to input said user annotations and other metadata to be stored in said registry, said annotation bar dynamically added to any content that is served to a user by said Meta-Web server; wherein said annotation bar comprises user-actuated buttons which provide functions that allow a user to comment, ask questions related to the search result, indicate that the search result is relevant, and to indicate that the search result is not relevant, all of which is stored in said registry; wherein each annotation provided by a user and stored in said registry dynamically alters subsequent searches, thereby providing more relevant search results; wherein said user selects portions of documents which are then used by said Meta-Web server to identify annotations in said registry and dynamically generate information relating thereto; a related items button for a portion of text that is highlighted by said user that provides related items and information for said highlighted text. 17. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising: a comment button for allowing said user to add a comment to a document or portion of a document; wherein said user comment is added to said registry.

14. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising: collecting the content related to a core concept of content, presented to the user, from plurality of web sources; presenting the content related to the core concept of content, presented to the user, during content presentation on the user device.

14. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising: collecting the content related to a core concept of content, presented to the user, from plurality of web sources; presenting the content related to the core concept of content, presented to the user, during content presentation on the user device. 15. The method according to claim 14 , where in the content related to the core concept of content, presented to the user, comprises links to further readable contents, audio visual contents, social networking platforms and other content to attract the user's attention.

1. A method comprising: receiving, by a mobile device, an input including a query, the query including a user-specified keyword for a search; extracting the query from the input; determining, based at least in part on semantics of the query, a type of the query, wherein the type of the query identifies at least one category of content to be searched based at least in part on the user-specified keyword; selecting, based at least in part on the type of the query, a search engine from a plurality of search engines, wherein the search engine provides responses for queries having a query type that is the same as the type of the query; forwarding the query to the search engine; obtaining a result of a search from the search engine, wherein the result of the search is based at least in part on a search of content by the search engine for the user-specified keyword; determining that the result of the search exceeds an allowed size of an outgoing message; and in response to determining that the result of the search exceeds the allowed size of an outgoing message, outputting the result of the search by splitting the result of the search into multiple outgoing messages using boundaries of the result of the search.

1. A method comprising: receiving, by a mobile device, an input including a query, the query including a user-specified keyword for a search; extracting the query from the input; determining, based at least in part on semantics of the query, a type of the query, wherein the type of the query identifies at least one category of content to be searched based at least in part on the user-specified keyword; selecting, based at least in part on the type of the query, a search engine from a plurality of search engines, wherein the search engine provides responses for queries having a query type that is the same as the type of the query; forwarding the query to the search engine; obtaining a result of a search from the search engine, wherein the result of the search is based at least in part on a search of content by the search engine for the user-specified keyword; determining that the result of the search exceeds an allowed size of an outgoing message; and in response to determining that the result of the search exceeds the allowed size of an outgoing message, outputting the result of the search by splitting the result of the search into multiple outgoing messages using boundaries of the result of the search. 6. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one search engine from the plurality of search engines is operable by the mobile device.

15. A computer program product, comprising: a non-transitory processor readable medium having processor executable code embodied therein to provide voice interaction in a vehicle, the processor readable medium having: processor executable program code to receive a voice-based query from a user in the vehicle, processor executable program code to determine an emotional state for the user based on a detected valence and arousal level associated with the voice-based query, processor executable program code to derive a text-based query from the voice-based query, processor executable program code to search, using the text-based query, a help database for at least one response to the voice-based query, and processor executable program code to provide the at least one response to the user in the form of voice-based assistance in accordance with the emotional state of the user.

15. A computer program product, comprising: a non-transitory processor readable medium having processor executable code embodied therein to provide voice interaction in a vehicle, the processor readable medium having: processor executable program code to receive a voice-based query from a user in the vehicle, processor executable program code to determine an emotional state for the user based on a detected valence and arousal level associated with the voice-based query, processor executable program code to derive a text-based query from the voice-based query, processor executable program code to search, using the text-based query, a help database for at least one response to the voice-based query, and processor executable program code to provide the at least one response to the user in the form of voice-based assistance in accordance with the emotional state of the user. 25. The computer program product of claim 15 , wherein at least some of the processor executable program code is executed by one or more processors in the vehicle.

11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising: receiving a response from the backend system when the backend system has performed an action based on operating on the extracted information; and using information in the response to produce a reply message, the reply message informing a destination about the action.

11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising: receiving a response from the backend system when the backend system has performed an action based on operating on the extracted information; and using information in the response to produce a reply message, the reply message informing a destination about the action. 12. The method of claim 11 , where the destination comprises at least one of the client device, a third party, a help desk, a service ticket manager, a customer, or an application server.

14. A method of testing an electronic document page, the method comprising: creating an intermediate representation of an electronic document page, the page being defined by a page description implemented in a markup language, the page description referring to data accessible via a data model, the intermediate representation including at least a portion of the data accessible via the data model, the intermediate representation being renderable to create a rendered page, the rendered page being displayable on a display device; initiating an action in the intermediate representation, the action simulating user input that can be provided via a rendered representation of the page, the action capable of causing a change in the portion of the data accessible via the data model; determining an expected value for the portion of the data model based on the initiated action in the intermediate representation; identifying an actual value for the portion of the data model; determining whether the actual value matches the expected value; and when the actual value does not match the expected value, storing an indication of an error.

14. A method of testing an electronic document page, the method comprising: creating an intermediate representation of an electronic document page, the page being defined by a page description implemented in a markup language, the page description referring to data accessible via a data model, the intermediate representation including at least a portion of the data accessible via the data model, the intermediate representation being renderable to create a rendered page, the rendered page being displayable on a display device; initiating an action in the intermediate representation, the action simulating user input that can be provided via a rendered representation of the page, the action capable of causing a change in the portion of the data accessible via the data model; determining an expected value for the portion of the data model based on the initiated action in the intermediate representation; identifying an actual value for the portion of the data model; determining whether the actual value matches the expected value; and when the actual value does not match the expected value, storing an indication of an error. 19. The method recited in claim 14 , the method further comprising: compiling test procedure computer programming language instructions describing a test procedure for testing the page to create an executable test procedure.

22. The computer readable storage medium of claim 21 , further including instructions for receiving a selection of a hyperlink, and instructions for generating a display of the at least one secondary document.

22. The computer readable storage medium of claim 21 , further including instructions for receiving a selection of a hyperlink, and instructions for generating a display of the at least one secondary document. 23. The computer readable storage medium of claim 22 , further including instructions for determining whether the matching text function tags of reference document and the secondary document are for the same or similar word.

11. A system comprising: a parallel processing facility comprising: a plurality of computer processing cores; and one or more memories coupled to the computer processing cores and storing program instructions executable by the processing cores to implement a semantic inference and reasoning engine configured to analyze a corpus of data artifacts by: obtaining a semantic representation of the data artifacts, wherein the semantic representation indicates: entities identified in the data artifacts; and semantic relationships among the entities, as indicated by the data artifacts; clustering the data artifacts into clusters of semantically related data artifacts based on the semantic representation; and inferring additional semantic relationships between pairs of the entities, wherein the inferring comprises: on a cluster-by-cluster basis, applying a multi-tiered network of inference engines to a portion of the semantic representation corresponding to the cluster, wherein the multi-tiered network of inference engines comprises a domain-independent inference tier and a domain-specific inference tier, wherein applying the multi-tiered network of inference engines comprises applying two or more inference engines sequentially, in parallel, or iteratively according to a static or dynamic schedule.

11. A system comprising: a parallel processing facility comprising: a plurality of computer processing cores; and one or more memories coupled to the computer processing cores and storing program instructions executable by the processing cores to implement a semantic inference and reasoning engine configured to analyze a corpus of data artifacts by: obtaining a semantic representation of the data artifacts, wherein the semantic representation indicates: entities identified in the data artifacts; and semantic relationships among the entities, as indicated by the data artifacts; clustering the data artifacts into clusters of semantically related data artifacts based on the semantic representation; and inferring additional semantic relationships between pairs of the entities, wherein the inferring comprises: on a cluster-by-cluster basis, applying a multi-tiered network of inference engines to a portion of the semantic representation corresponding to the cluster, wherein the multi-tiered network of inference engines comprises a domain-independent inference tier and a domain-specific inference tier, wherein applying the multi-tiered network of inference engines comprises applying two or more inference engines sequentially, in parallel, or iteratively according to a static or dynamic schedule. 15. The system of claim 11 , wherein one or more memories further store program instructions executable to implement a parallel computation scheduling framework for executing the semantic inference and reasoning engine on the parallel processing facility using a MapReduce pattern.

1. A computer-implemented method comprising: determining that a sponsored content item has been identified as likely containing malware; identifying features of a landing page of the sponsored content item that has been identified as likely containing malware, wherein the sponsored content item directs a content viewer to the landing page in response to a selection of the sponsored content item; identifying features of another landing page of another sponsored content item that has not been identified as likely containing malware; determining that the features of the landing page of the sponsored content item that has been identified as likely containing malware are similar or identical to the features of the other landing page of the other sponsored content item that has not been identified as likely containing malware; and based on determining that the features of the landing page of the sponsored content item that has been identified as likely containing malware are similar or identical to the features of the other landing page of the other sponsored content item that has not been identified as likely containing malware, suspending distribution of the other sponsored content item that has not been identified as likely containing malware.

1. A computer-implemented method comprising: determining that a sponsored content item has been identified as likely containing malware; identifying features of a landing page of the sponsored content item that has been identified as likely containing malware, wherein the sponsored content item directs a content viewer to the landing page in response to a selection of the sponsored content item; identifying features of another landing page of another sponsored content item that has not been identified as likely containing malware; determining that the features of the landing page of the sponsored content item that has been identified as likely containing malware are similar or identical to the features of the other landing page of the other sponsored content item that has not been identified as likely containing malware; and based on determining that the features of the landing page of the sponsored content item that has been identified as likely containing malware are similar or identical to the features of the other landing page of the other sponsored content item that has not been identified as likely containing malware, suspending distribution of the other sponsored content item that has not been identified as likely containing malware. 6. The method of claim 1 , comprising, after suspending distribution of the other sponsored content item that has not been identified as likely containing malware, determining that the other sponsored content item is free from malware, and resuming distribution of the other sponsored content item.

7. A method comprising: automatically generating, by a computer system, interaction data associated with a recorded interaction between a customer and an associate of an entity, wherein the interaction data comprises: speaker separation data indicating whether the customer or the associate of the entity is speaking in the interaction; and talk-over data indicating one or more instances when the customer and the associate of the entity are speaking over each other; determining, by the computer system from the interaction data, one or more keywords in the interaction between the customer and the associate; determining, by the computer system from the interaction data, an order of the one or more keywords; determining, by the computer system from the interaction data, a grouping of the one or more keywords; and determining, by the computer system based on the keywords, order, grouping, speaker separation data, and talk-over data, a perception of the entity by the customer, the determination of the perception of the entity occurring in real-time after the interaction between the customer and the associate.

7. A method comprising: automatically generating, by a computer system, interaction data associated with a recorded interaction between a customer and an associate of an entity, wherein the interaction data comprises: speaker separation data indicating whether the customer or the associate of the entity is speaking in the interaction; and talk-over data indicating one or more instances when the customer and the associate of the entity are speaking over each other; determining, by the computer system from the interaction data, one or more keywords in the interaction between the customer and the associate; determining, by the computer system from the interaction data, an order of the one or more keywords; determining, by the computer system from the interaction data, a grouping of the one or more keywords; and determining, by the computer system based on the keywords, order, grouping, speaker separation data, and talk-over data, a perception of the entity by the customer, the determination of the perception of the entity occurring in real-time after the interaction between the customer and the associate. 10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the interaction data further comprises one or more of: a word/phrase index; speech-to-text data; emotion data; one or more images; and silence data.

12. The computing device of claim 8 , wherein the processor is configured to: determine, by the processor, emission parameters and/or transition parameters for a joint model of the syntactic dependency trees and semantic trees by maximizing likelihoods of the syntactic dependency trees.

12. The computing device of claim 8 , wherein the processor is configured to: determine, by the processor, emission parameters and/or transition parameters for a joint model of the syntactic dependency trees and semantic trees by maximizing likelihoods of the syntactic dependency trees. 13. The computing device of claim 12 , wherein the likelihoods of the syntactic dependency trees with semantic annotations is augmented by the database that includes the two or more nested events.

4. A method as in claim 3 wherein the disfluence identifier operates with a feature set created with techniques further comprising using a POS-tag window size of plus or minus five positions.

4. A method as in claim 3 wherein the disfluence identifier operates with a feature set created with techniques further comprising using a POS-tag window size of plus or minus five positions. 5. A method as in claim 4 wherein the disfluence identifier operates with a feature set created with techniques further comprising using a partial-word window size of plus or minus three positions.

1. A method comprising: receiving text associated with a content item, the text including a plurality of term strings, each term string including one or more terms; determining, by a computing device, a set of relevance intervals for a corresponding set of terms in the text, wherein each relevance interval of the set of relevance intervals identifies one or more sections of the content item that are relevant to a corresponding term; generating a first set of nodes for a first term string from the plurality of term strings, wherein the first set of nodes includes a node for each term in the first term string, and at least one node for a term different from the terms in the first term string but whose corresponding relevance interval includes the first term string; generating a second set of nodes for a second term string from the plurality of term strings, wherein the second set of nodes includes a node for each term in the second term string, and at least one node for a term different from the terms in the second term string but whose corresponding relevance interval includes the second term string; and determining a plurality of connections between nodes in the first set of nodes and the second set of nodes, wherein the plurality of connections includes a subset for a first node from the first set of nodes, wherein the subset for the first node includes a connection for each node from the second set of nodes; and using the first set of nodes, second set of nodes or plurality of connections to identify one or more segment boundaries within the content item.

1. A method comprising: receiving text associated with a content item, the text including a plurality of term strings, each term string including one or more terms; determining, by a computing device, a set of relevance intervals for a corresponding set of terms in the text, wherein each relevance interval of the set of relevance intervals identifies one or more sections of the content item that are relevant to a corresponding term; generating a first set of nodes for a first term string from the plurality of term strings, wherein the first set of nodes includes a node for each term in the first term string, and at least one node for a term different from the terms in the first term string but whose corresponding relevance interval includes the first term string; generating a second set of nodes for a second term string from the plurality of term strings, wherein the second set of nodes includes a node for each term in the second term string, and at least one node for a term different from the terms in the second term string but whose corresponding relevance interval includes the second term string; and determining a plurality of connections between nodes in the first set of nodes and the second set of nodes, wherein the plurality of connections includes a subset for a first node from the first set of nodes, wherein the subset for the first node includes a connection for each node from the second set of nodes; and using the first set of nodes, second set of nodes or plurality of connections to identify one or more segment boundaries within the content item. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein each term string of the plurality of term strings is a sentence.

27. A device as claimed in claim 15 , wherein an initiation stage outside of one of the plurality of discrete areas is recognized as a gesture.

27. A device as claimed in claim 15 , wherein an initiation stage outside of one of the plurality of discrete areas is recognized as a gesture. 28. A device as claimed in claim 27 , wherein a list of gestures includes a circle.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the inducing further includes: receiving the topic segment borders, the extracted key phrases, and the assigned weights of each of the generated topic segments; based on topic window borders, segmenting the lecture video transcript into multiple sub-documents; reconstructing a refined vector representation for each of the multiple sub-documents; updating the assigned weights based on term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) in each of the multiple sub-documents; selecting a candidate label based on the updated assigned weights for each of the multiple sub-documents; determining whether each of the candidate labels is one of the extracted key phrases; in response to the candidate label being one of the extracted key phrases, selecting the candidate label as a label for the sub-document; and in response to the candidate label not being one of the extracted key phrases, identifying the sub-document as off-topic.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the inducing further includes: receiving the topic segment borders, the extracted key phrases, and the assigned weights of each of the generated topic segments; based on topic window borders, segmenting the lecture video transcript into multiple sub-documents; reconstructing a refined vector representation for each of the multiple sub-documents; updating the assigned weights based on term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) in each of the multiple sub-documents; selecting a candidate label based on the updated assigned weights for each of the multiple sub-documents; determining whether each of the candidate labels is one of the extracted key phrases; in response to the candidate label being one of the extracted key phrases, selecting the candidate label as a label for the sub-document; and in response to the candidate label not being one of the extracted key phrases, identifying the sub-document as off-topic. 8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising: merging labels of one or more of the sub-documents based on hierarchical relationships between the labels for the sub-documents and candidate labels that appear in each of the sub-documents; or dividing labels of one or more of the sub-documents based on the hierarchical relationships between the labels for the sub-documents and candidate labels that appear in each of the sub-documents.

7. The method of claim 4 wherein extracting key information further includes the step of tokenizing closed captioned text for the TV program into one or more sentences.

7. The method of claim 4 wherein extracting key information further includes the step of tokenizing closed captioned text for the TV program into one or more sentences. 8. The method of claim 7 wherein extracting key information further includes: tagging each word of a sentence based on the content of each word in the sentence.

12. A method for developing a user interface to a unified messaging (UM) system, comprising: generating a finite state machine with at least one computing device, the finite state machine composed of menu states prompting a user and transitions to a next menu state in accordance with a user response; and generating a valid menu state based upon an existing external UM software component by employing an eXtensible Markup Language (XML) feature, wherein creating a valid menu state comprises: generating a function wrapper for the XML feature; during a compilation phase, using the function wrapper to validate the external UM software component when the external UM software component is present and generating a binary of the UM finite state machine; and during execution of the binary of the UM finite state machine, confirming that a version of the external UM software component present during the compilation phase is the same as a version of the external UM software component available at execution; and generating the valid menu state of the user interface including at least one user prompt.

12. A method for developing a user interface to a unified messaging (UM) system, comprising: generating a finite state machine with at least one computing device, the finite state machine composed of menu states prompting a user and transitions to a next menu state in accordance with a user response; and generating a valid menu state based upon an existing external UM software component by employing an eXtensible Markup Language (XML) feature, wherein creating a valid menu state comprises: generating a function wrapper for the XML feature; during a compilation phase, using the function wrapper to validate the external UM software component when the external UM software component is present and generating a binary of the UM finite state machine; and during execution of the binary of the UM finite state machine, confirming that a version of the external UM software component present during the compilation phase is the same as a version of the external UM software component available at execution; and generating the valid menu state of the user interface including at least one user prompt. 13. The method of claim 12 , wherein creating the valid menu state is based upon an XML snippet duplicated in the finite state machine by an XML importation element.

7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the acts of: detecting a plurality of candidate features in each of the plurality of frames includes an act of detecting at least one candidate formant; and grouping the plurality of candidate features includes an act of grouping the plurality of candidate features such that each of the plurality of candidate feature sets includes at least one value representative of the at least one candidate formant detected in the respective frame.

7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the acts of: detecting a plurality of candidate features in each of the plurality of frames includes an act of detecting at least one candidate formant; and grouping the plurality of candidate features includes an act of grouping the plurality of candidate features such that each of the plurality of candidate feature sets includes at least one value representative of the at least one candidate formant detected in the respective frame. 8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the acts of: detecting includes an act of detecting a plurality of candidate formants; and grouping the plurality of candidate features includes an act of grouping the plurality of candidate features into the plurality of candidate feature sets for each of the plurality of frames such that each of the plurality of candidate feature sets includes at least one value representative of each of a first formant, a second formant and a third formant detected in the respective frame.

12. A system, comprising: a database storing a log of stored search queries; and one or more computers having a search query interpreter coupled to the database and configured to receive a search query from a user, identify a plurality of search results responsive to the search query, determine that the search query is ambiguous by determining that the geographic distance between locations associated with at least two of the search results is greater than a predetermined distance, select a disambiguated interpretation of the search query based on analysis of the log of stored search queries that are similar to the search query and that have been received from a plurality of other users, and provide a set of search results, wherein the set is selected based on the disambiguated interpretation of the search query.

12. A system, comprising: a database storing a log of stored search queries; and one or more computers having a search query interpreter coupled to the database and configured to receive a search query from a user, identify a plurality of search results responsive to the search query, determine that the search query is ambiguous by determining that the geographic distance between locations associated with at least two of the search results is greater than a predetermined distance, select a disambiguated interpretation of the search query based on analysis of the log of stored search queries that are similar to the search query and that have been received from a plurality of other users, and provide a set of search results, wherein the set is selected based on the disambiguated interpretation of the search query. 17. The system of claim 12 wherein the search query interpreter is further configured to determine that the log of stored search queries are similar to the search query based on a geographic location from which the search query originated.

10. The mobile wireless device as in claim 9 , comprising: a. the mobile wireless device has a user voice/touch interface processor, the interface processor operates from the device memory and executes in the device processor; b. the interface processor has an interface function that enables, in a part (i) a display-touch or a voice-input based interface, and in a part (ii) only a voice-input based interface; c. the interface function, in the part (i), displays primary context search verbs on a device screen for a device user to make a touch/voice selection there from, then the interface function displays secondary context search terms on the device screen for the user then, in the part (ii), to voice a free-form query under a selected sequence of context search verb and the search term, thereby the interface function provides a user an interface for searching information databases with free-form voice queries.

10. The mobile wireless device as in claim 9 , comprising: a. the mobile wireless device has a user voice/touch interface processor, the interface processor operates from the device memory and executes in the device processor; b. the interface processor has an interface function that enables, in a part (i) a display-touch or a voice-input based interface, and in a part (ii) only a voice-input based interface; c. the interface function, in the part (i), displays primary context search verbs on a device screen for a device user to make a touch/voice selection there from, then the interface function displays secondary context search terms on the device screen for the user then, in the part (ii), to voice a free-form query under a selected sequence of context search verb and the search term, thereby the interface function provides a user an interface for searching information databases with free-form voice queries. 17. The mobile wireless device as in claim 10 , comprising: the number of secondary search terms is limited to be equal to or less than 12 and visually displayed in a list form on the device screen.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more constraints comprise a semantic constraint on a data value range for the first version of the protocol or the multimedia format.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more constraints comprise a semantic constraint on a data value range for the first version of the protocol or the multimedia format. 7. The method of claim 5 , wherein validating the first XML content according to the first schema comprises validating that a data value of the video data is within the data value range.

15. A method to provide query caching, comprising: deploying a query component in a container, running on the one or more microprocessors; issuing, via a cache management component running on the one or more microprocessors, a query to retrieve a query result from a database, wherein the query is associated with a transaction, and wherein the query result includes one or more instances of a class that is managed by the container, wherein the class represents one or more persisted data entries retrieved from the database and the one or more persisted data entries are associated with at least one row in a table in the database; storing, via the cache management component, the one or more instances of the class in a cache; maintaining, via a query registration component running on the one or more microprocessors, the query in a query registry with one or more queries; looking up, via the cache management component, the query in the query registry; retrieving, via the cache management component, the stored one or more instances of the class for the query in the cache when another query matches the query in the query registry; allowing the one or more instances of the class to be used concurrently by multiple users using an optimistic concurrency strategy, and wherein, under the optimistic concurrency strategy, the cache management component leaves the one or more instances of the class in the cached query result unlocked when the one or more instances of the class remain unchanged during the transaction; invalidating the one or more instances of the class in the cached query result that are used concurrently by multiple users during the transaction, when a row in the table in the database that is not used by the cached query result is updated or invalidated; and removing the query from the query registry and removing the cached query result with the one or more instances of the class from the cache.

15. A method to provide query caching, comprising: deploying a query component in a container, running on the one or more microprocessors; issuing, via a cache management component running on the one or more microprocessors, a query to retrieve a query result from a database, wherein the query is associated with a transaction, and wherein the query result includes one or more instances of a class that is managed by the container, wherein the class represents one or more persisted data entries retrieved from the database and the one or more persisted data entries are associated with at least one row in a table in the database; storing, via the cache management component, the one or more instances of the class in a cache; maintaining, via a query registration component running on the one or more microprocessors, the query in a query registry with one or more queries; looking up, via the cache management component, the query in the query registry; retrieving, via the cache management component, the stored one or more instances of the class for the query in the cache when another query matches the query in the query registry; allowing the one or more instances of the class to be used concurrently by multiple users using an optimistic concurrency strategy, and wherein, under the optimistic concurrency strategy, the cache management component leaves the one or more instances of the class in the cached query result unlocked when the one or more instances of the class remain unchanged during the transaction; invalidating the one or more instances of the class in the cached query result that are used concurrently by multiple users during the transaction, when a row in the table in the database that is not used by the cached query result is updated or invalidated; and removing the query from the query registry and removing the cached query result with the one or more instances of the class from the cache. 17. The method according to claim 15 , wherein: the query is configured to use a primary key of a data entity in the database.

13. A method comprising: at an electronic device with one or more processors and memory: receiving an indication of a first input that includes movement of a contact detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device, wherein: the movement of the contact comprises a first stroke, and the first stroke has a spatial component and a temporal component; determining a first probability that the first stroke corresponds to a first character based on the spatial component of the first stroke; determining a second probability that the first stroke corresponds to the first character based on the temporal component of the first stroke; determining an aggregate probability that the first stroke corresponds to the first character based on the first probability and the second probability detecting an end of the first stroke; and after detecting the end of the first stroke: detecting at least a portion of a second stroke; and in response to detecting the portion of the second stroke and while the second stroke is still being detected, determining whether the first stroke and the second stroke correspond to a single character based on temporal information about the first stroke and the second stroke.

13. A method comprising: at an electronic device with one or more processors and memory: receiving an indication of a first input that includes movement of a contact detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device, wherein: the movement of the contact comprises a first stroke, and the first stroke has a spatial component and a temporal component; determining a first probability that the first stroke corresponds to a first character based on the spatial component of the first stroke; determining a second probability that the first stroke corresponds to the first character based on the temporal component of the first stroke; determining an aggregate probability that the first stroke corresponds to the first character based on the first probability and the second probability detecting an end of the first stroke; and after detecting the end of the first stroke: detecting at least a portion of a second stroke; and in response to detecting the portion of the second stroke and while the second stroke is still being detected, determining whether the first stroke and the second stroke correspond to a single character based on temporal information about the first stroke and the second stroke. 20. The method of claim 13 , wherein detecting the end of the first stroke comprises detecting a pause.

13. The defect predicate expression extraction device according to claim 8 , further comprising: a defect predicate expression storage unit for storing said predicate expressions representing defects acquired by said defect predicate expression acquisition unit; an analysis object extraction unit for detecting, in said text data to be analyzed, expressions matching each of the said predicate expressions representing defects stored in said defect predicate expression storage unit and extracting a noun expression occurring in a neighborhood of each of the said detected expressions matching each of the said predicate expressions representing defects stored in said defect predicate expression storage unit in said text data to be analyzed; and an analysis object storage unit for storing, as an object to be analyzed, a pair of said detected expressions matching said predicate expression representing said defect and said extracted noun expression, in association with a frequency of extraction of said object to be analyzed.

13. The defect predicate expression extraction device according to claim 8 , further comprising: a defect predicate expression storage unit for storing said predicate expressions representing defects acquired by said defect predicate expression acquisition unit; an analysis object extraction unit for detecting, in said text data to be analyzed, expressions matching each of the said predicate expressions representing defects stored in said defect predicate expression storage unit and extracting a noun expression occurring in a neighborhood of each of the said detected expressions matching each of the said predicate expressions representing defects stored in said defect predicate expression storage unit in said text data to be analyzed; and an analysis object storage unit for storing, as an object to be analyzed, a pair of said detected expressions matching said predicate expression representing said defect and said extracted noun expression, in association with a frequency of extraction of said object to be analyzed. 14. The defect predicate expression extraction device according to claim 13 , further comprising an analysis result generation unit for calculating a correlation value of each of the said objects to be analyzed stored in said analysis object storage unit and generating said correlation value of said object to be analyzed as an analysis result.

16. A system comprising a computer-readable storage device that stores program code, which, when executed by a processor, performs operations comprising: receiving a string of characters that comprises a plurality of characters with no token-delineating breaks; segmenting the string of characters into a first segmented result that comprises a first plurality of tokens and at least one break, wherein the first plurality of tokens includes all of the plurality of characters; segmenting the string of characters into a second segmented result that comprises a second plurality of tokens and at least one break, wherein the second plurality of tokens includes all the plurality of characters, wherein the second plurality of tokens is different than the first plurality of tokens; determining a first frequency of occurrence for the first segmented result in a corpus and a second frequency of occurrence for the second segmented result in the corpus by providing the first segmented result and second segmented result to a search engine and receiving in response from the search engine the first frequency of occurrence for the first segmented result and the second frequency of occurrence for the second segmented result; comparing the first frequency of occurrence for the first result to the second frequency of occurrence for the second segmented result; selecting the first segmented result as an operable segmented result for the received string of characters when the first frequency of occurrence for the first request is determined to exceed a determined value relative to the second frequency of occurrence for the second result; and providing the operable segmented result for further processing.

16. A system comprising a computer-readable storage device that stores program code, which, when executed by a processor, performs operations comprising: receiving a string of characters that comprises a plurality of characters with no token-delineating breaks; segmenting the string of characters into a first segmented result that comprises a first plurality of tokens and at least one break, wherein the first plurality of tokens includes all of the plurality of characters; segmenting the string of characters into a second segmented result that comprises a second plurality of tokens and at least one break, wherein the second plurality of tokens includes all the plurality of characters, wherein the second plurality of tokens is different than the first plurality of tokens; determining a first frequency of occurrence for the first segmented result in a corpus and a second frequency of occurrence for the second segmented result in the corpus by providing the first segmented result and second segmented result to a search engine and receiving in response from the search engine the first frequency of occurrence for the first segmented result and the second frequency of occurrence for the second segmented result; comparing the first frequency of occurrence for the first result to the second frequency of occurrence for the second segmented result; selecting the first segmented result as an operable segmented result for the received string of characters when the first frequency of occurrence for the first request is determined to exceed a determined value relative to the second frequency of occurrence for the second result; and providing the operable segmented result for further processing. 28. The system of claim 16 , wherein the second segmented result is a spelling corrected version of the first segmented result.

35. The system of claim 32 wherein the processor is further configured to decompose the second plurality of phoneme-independent feature vectors into the at least one speaker-specific recognition unit, and compute the at least one speaker-specific distribution value from the at least one speaker-specific recognition unit.

35. The system of claim 32 wherein the processor is further configured to decompose the second plurality of phoneme-independent feature vectors into the at least one speaker-specific recognition unit, and compute the at least one speaker-specific distribution value from the at least one speaker-specific recognition unit. 36. The system of claim 35 further comprising: a feature extractor to extract the second plurality of phoneme-independent feature vectors into a speaker-specific feature extraction representation.

1. A system for bilingual communication between a first party and a second party through a remote live interpreter, comprising: a portable device for the first party communicating in a first language at a location-specific site comprising a microphone, an ear phone for the first party, a display screen, and a camera, wherein the portable device is configured to transmit via an internet network a request for a live interpreter of a selected different language to a network server that maintains a database of interpreters and languages able to be interpreted by interpreters, wherein the portable device for the first party receives user input indicative of identification of a communication device for a second party communicating in the selected different language at the location-specific site with the first party, wherein the portable device receives a second party communication in the selected different language from the communication device for the second party; and wherein, in response to the request for the live interpreter of the selected different language, the portable device establishes a connection via the internet network with a third party communication device for the remote live interpreter at a remote site and in communication with the network server, wherein the portable device transmits to the third party communication device a first party communication in the first language from the first party and the second party communication in the selected different language from the second party, and wherein the portable device is configured to transmit to the third party communication device an encrypted transmission of the second party communication in the selected different language and to receive from the third party communication device an encrypted transmission of the second party communication in the first language for output at the ear phone for the first party.

1. A system for bilingual communication between a first party and a second party through a remote live interpreter, comprising: a portable device for the first party communicating in a first language at a location-specific site comprising a microphone, an ear phone for the first party, a display screen, and a camera, wherein the portable device is configured to transmit via an internet network a request for a live interpreter of a selected different language to a network server that maintains a database of interpreters and languages able to be interpreted by interpreters, wherein the portable device for the first party receives user input indicative of identification of a communication device for a second party communicating in the selected different language at the location-specific site with the first party, wherein the portable device receives a second party communication in the selected different language from the communication device for the second party; and wherein, in response to the request for the live interpreter of the selected different language, the portable device establishes a connection via the internet network with a third party communication device for the remote live interpreter at a remote site and in communication with the network server, wherein the portable device transmits to the third party communication device a first party communication in the first language from the first party and the second party communication in the selected different language from the second party, and wherein the portable device is configured to transmit to the third party communication device an encrypted transmission of the second party communication in the selected different language and to receive from the third party communication device an encrypted transmission of the second party communication in the first language for output at the ear phone for the first party. 2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the portable device is configured to transmit to the third party communication device an encrypted transmission of the first party communication in the first language and to receive from the third party communication device an encrypted transmission of the first party communication in the selected different language for output at the communication device of the second party.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein coding procedural language that specifies the drawing command to draw the arbitrary graphics object is in response to receiving, at an application, a user input graphically representing the arbitrary graphics object within the web page.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein coding procedural language that specifies the drawing command to draw the arbitrary graphics object is in response to receiving, at an application, a user input graphically representing the arbitrary graphics object within the web page. 5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the arbitrary graphics object is adapted to maintain a drawing state.

1. A variable replacement apparatus which replaces variable names in a text with corresponding variable values, each variable name formed by at least one character and each character in the variable name having a corresponding format, the apparatus comprising: variable name extracting means for extracting a variable name from the text; variable value acquisition means for obtaining a variable value corresponding to the variable name extracted by said variable name extracting means; variable name analyzing means for analyzing the corresponding format of each character forming the variable name; variable value converting means for converting the variable value obtained by said variable value acquisition means so that the variable value has a format which is determined in accordance with the corresponding format of each character forming the variable name; and variable replacing means for replacing the variable name in the text by the converted variable value.

1. A variable replacement apparatus which replaces variable names in a text with corresponding variable values, each variable name formed by at least one character and each character in the variable name having a corresponding format, the apparatus comprising: variable name extracting means for extracting a variable name from the text; variable value acquisition means for obtaining a variable value corresponding to the variable name extracted by said variable name extracting means; variable name analyzing means for analyzing the corresponding format of each character forming the variable name; variable value converting means for converting the variable value obtained by said variable value acquisition means so that the variable value has a format which is determined in accordance with the corresponding format of each character forming the variable name; and variable replacing means for replacing the variable name in the text by the converted variable value. 4. The variable replacement apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the text is selected from the group comprising a display field define deck, a document and a source program.

1. A method, comprising: detecting, by a computer system, receipt of one or more text-based electronic communications; identifying, by the computer system and in the one or more text-based electronic communications, first data of interest, the first data of interest comprising a predetermined characteristic, the computer system associated with sending the one or more text-based electronic communications; extracting, by the computer system, a plurality of instances of the identified first data of interest from a plurality of the text-based electronic communications sent to a plurality of recipients, wherein each text-based electronic communication includes first data of interest with a common predetermined characteristic, and wherein each text-based electronic communication includes first data or interest differing from first data of interest of other text-based electronic communications; obtaining, by the computer system and for each identified first data of interest, an initial first set of associated data that is associated with the extracted first data of interest, each initial first set of associated data from at least one electronic resource; and displaying, by the computer system and independently of the text-based electronic communications and the at least one electronic resource, a plurality of instances of the extracted first data of interest, each instance of the extracted first data of interest displayed with the corresponding obtained initial first set of associated data.

1. A method, comprising: detecting, by a computer system, receipt of one or more text-based electronic communications; identifying, by the computer system and in the one or more text-based electronic communications, first data of interest, the first data of interest comprising a predetermined characteristic, the computer system associated with sending the one or more text-based electronic communications; extracting, by the computer system, a plurality of instances of the identified first data of interest from a plurality of the text-based electronic communications sent to a plurality of recipients, wherein each text-based electronic communication includes first data of interest with a common predetermined characteristic, and wherein each text-based electronic communication includes first data or interest differing from first data of interest of other text-based electronic communications; obtaining, by the computer system and for each identified first data of interest, an initial first set of associated data that is associated with the extracted first data of interest, each initial first set of associated data from at least one electronic resource; and displaying, by the computer system and independently of the text-based electronic communications and the at least one electronic resource, a plurality of instances of the extracted first data of interest, each instance of the extracted first data of interest displayed with the corresponding obtained initial first set of associated data. 9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising obtaining, by the computer system, one or more additional first sets of associated data associated with the extracted first data of interest from at least one electronic resource external to the computer system until a user defined completion criterion is met.

1. An apparatus for managing electronically recorded document files, comprising: an input device for inputting by an operator; a virtual combination editor for editing a virtual combination object based on the information inputted in said input device, the virtual combination object denoting an object that has a first data region and virtually combining document files, wherein the first data region includes information for managing the document files to be virtually combined, including an order relation between the document files, and a setting position of the index object to be set immediately before or immediately after the virtually combined document file, or immediately before or immediately after a page constituting the document file; an index editor for editing an index object based on the information inputted in said input device, the index object denoting an object that has a second data region and manages at lest one or more document files included in the document files virtually combined by the virtual combination object or one or more pages constituting the document file, as a subgroup in the virtual combination object, wherein the second data region includes information on setting for processing the subgroup and a parameter according to the process setting; and a document file manager for managing and processing the document files based on information recorded in the virtual combination object and information recorded in the index object.

1. An apparatus for managing electronically recorded document files, comprising: an input device for inputting by an operator; a virtual combination editor for editing a virtual combination object based on the information inputted in said input device, the virtual combination object denoting an object that has a first data region and virtually combining document files, wherein the first data region includes information for managing the document files to be virtually combined, including an order relation between the document files, and a setting position of the index object to be set immediately before or immediately after the virtually combined document file, or immediately before or immediately after a page constituting the document file; an index editor for editing an index object based on the information inputted in said input device, the index object denoting an object that has a second data region and manages at lest one or more document files included in the document files virtually combined by the virtual combination object or one or more pages constituting the document file, as a subgroup in the virtual combination object, wherein the second data region includes information on setting for processing the subgroup and a parameter according to the process setting; and a document file manager for managing and processing the document files based on information recorded in the virtual combination object and information recorded in the index object. 11. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the index object has the form of index paper with the tab part, when displayed on said display device, and, using a pointing device to serve as said input device, a part except for the tab part of the index object, displayed on said display device, is dragged and then dropped in the outside of the virtual combination object displayed on said display device, whereby said virtual combination editor deletes the dragged and dropped index object.

9. A method of processing audio data comprising: establishing a communication session between a first communication terminal and a second communication terminal in which audio data is transmitted between the first and second communication terminals; translating the audio data into text data after receiving input to activate a speech to text translation mechanism, wherein the translating the audio data into text data after receiving input to activate the speech to text translation mechanism comprises: translating a first audio question into first text data and saving the first text data, and translating a first audio answer to the first audio question into second text data and saving the second text data such that the first text data is associated with the second text data; wherein the communication session is established by a first communication device and wherein the first communication device performs the translating of the audio data into text data after receiving input to activate the speech to text translation mechanism; wherein the first communication device receives a second audio question and determines that the second audio question is the same as the first audio question; in response to the first communication device determining that the second audio question is the same as the first audio question, the first communication device suggesting a second answer to the second audio question to the first communication terminal by suggesting the first audio answer; and in response to receiving input authorizing the first communication device to transmit the suggested second answer from the first communication terminal, the first communication device transmitting the second answer to the second audio question to the second communication terminal, the second answer being in at least one of audio format and text format.

9. A method of processing audio data comprising: establishing a communication session between a first communication terminal and a second communication terminal in which audio data is transmitted between the first and second communication terminals; translating the audio data into text data after receiving input to activate a speech to text translation mechanism, wherein the translating the audio data into text data after receiving input to activate the speech to text translation mechanism comprises: translating a first audio question into first text data and saving the first text data, and translating a first audio answer to the first audio question into second text data and saving the second text data such that the first text data is associated with the second text data; wherein the communication session is established by a first communication device and wherein the first communication device performs the translating of the audio data into text data after receiving input to activate the speech to text translation mechanism; wherein the first communication device receives a second audio question and determines that the second audio question is the same as the first audio question; in response to the first communication device determining that the second audio question is the same as the first audio question, the first communication device suggesting a second answer to the second audio question to the first communication terminal by suggesting the first audio answer; and in response to receiving input authorizing the first communication device to transmit the suggested second answer from the first communication terminal, the first communication device transmitting the second answer to the second audio question to the second communication terminal, the second answer being in at least one of audio format and text format. 10. The method of claim 9 further comprising creating a document based upon the first text data and the second text data.

16. A computer-implemented method for text classification, the method comprising: receiving a text for classification into a plurality of classes, at least one of the plurality of classes including one or more direct child classes that are non-leaf child classes in a tree class structure; segmenting content of the received text into multiple words, each of the multiple word having corresponding word frequency vectors; determining a value for each of the multiple words at individual classes of the plurality of classes using the corresponding word frequency vectors of each of the multiple words; determining a sum of the corresponding word frequency vectors for each of the multiple words that has the value higher than a pre-defined filtering threshold; and classifying the text into a class of the plurality of classes that is associated with a sum of the corresponding word frequency vectors that has a highest value.

16. A computer-implemented method for text classification, the method comprising: receiving a text for classification into a plurality of classes, at least one of the plurality of classes including one or more direct child classes that are non-leaf child classes in a tree class structure; segmenting content of the received text into multiple words, each of the multiple word having corresponding word frequency vectors; determining a value for each of the multiple words at individual classes of the plurality of classes using the corresponding word frequency vectors of each of the multiple words; determining a sum of the corresponding word frequency vectors for each of the multiple words that has the value higher than a pre-defined filtering threshold; and classifying the text into a class of the plurality of classes that is associated with a sum of the corresponding word frequency vectors that has a highest value. 18. The method as recited in claim 16 , wherein determining the value for each of the multiple words includes determining a difference value between a first highest word frequency vector and a second highest word frequency vector among the word frequency vectors for each of the multiple words at the plurality of classes.

3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining if the content is configured to support multi-mode input.

3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining if the content is configured to support multi-mode input. 4. The method of claim 3 , wherein identifying the at least one input indicator comprises analyzing the content to identify a meta tag in the content, the meta tag enabling the multi-mode input.

14. A method comprising: executing code with at least one processor to provide an object browser user computer interface supporting at least speech communication with the user, the processor using a first vocabulary and a first grammar, for permitting user-controlled browsing of objects accessed through a computer communication network; downloading an object through the computer communication network, the object having an associated data file defining a predetermined vocabulary and a predetermined grammar facilitating receipt of user commands, the predetermined vocabulary and predetermined grammar being, at least in part, different from the first vocabulary and first grammar; controlling the at least one processor to present the downloaded object through the object browser computer interface, wherein speech information received from the user is interpreted in conjunction with both the predetermined vocabulary and the predetermined grammar; and selectively generating at least one communication through the computer communication network, in dependence on the interpreted speech information.

14. A method comprising: executing code with at least one processor to provide an object browser user computer interface supporting at least speech communication with the user, the processor using a first vocabulary and a first grammar, for permitting user-controlled browsing of objects accessed through a computer communication network; downloading an object through the computer communication network, the object having an associated data file defining a predetermined vocabulary and a predetermined grammar facilitating receipt of user commands, the predetermined vocabulary and predetermined grammar being, at least in part, different from the first vocabulary and first grammar; controlling the at least one processor to present the downloaded object through the object browser computer interface, wherein speech information received from the user is interpreted in conjunction with both the predetermined vocabulary and the predetermined grammar; and selectively generating at least one communication through the computer communication network, in dependence on the interpreted speech information. 15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the object is an interactive advertisement.

1. A system comprising: a processor; a network controller to receive a message containing a sentence; a clause identifier, implemented at least partly in one or more of configurable logic or fixed functionality logic hardware, to separate the sentence into a plurality of clauses; an analyzer, implemented at least partly in one or more of configurable logic or fixed functionality logic hardware, to apply a set of question detection rules to each of the plurality of clauses on a clause-by-clause basis; and a sentence classifier, implemented at least partly in one or more of configurable logic or fixed functionality logic hardware, to automatically designate the sentence as a question and to generate notification that the sentence is a question if the question detection rules indicate that at least one clause of the plurality of clauses is a question independent of a position of the at least one clause in the sentence to reduce computational overhead at the processor.

1. A system comprising: a processor; a network controller to receive a message containing a sentence; a clause identifier, implemented at least partly in one or more of configurable logic or fixed functionality logic hardware, to separate the sentence into a plurality of clauses; an analyzer, implemented at least partly in one or more of configurable logic or fixed functionality logic hardware, to apply a set of question detection rules to each of the plurality of clauses on a clause-by-clause basis; and a sentence classifier, implemented at least partly in one or more of configurable logic or fixed functionality logic hardware, to automatically designate the sentence as a question and to generate notification that the sentence is a question if the question detection rules indicate that at least one clause of the plurality of clauses is a question independent of a position of the at least one clause in the sentence to reduce computational overhead at the processor. 5. The system of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the question detection rules defines a clause as a question if the clause includes a modal or auxiliary word followed by a noun followed by a verb.

1. A method, comprising: determining, by one or more data processing apparatus and for a prefix that represents a portion of a search query, one or more completions that yield a completed search query when combined with the prefix; identifying one or more content items for the one or more completions; receiving, through a search engine input field presented at a user device, user input including the prefix; identifying, by one or more data processing apparatus and based on the user input, the one or more content items for the one or more completions; determining, based at least in part on display specifications of the user device, a visual format for a given content item from the one or more identified content items, wherein a first visual format presents a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) on a same line as other information in the given content item, and a second visual format presents the URL on a different line than the other information; and providing, by one or more data processing apparatus and prior to a completed search query being specified by the user input, the given content item with instructions that cause the given content item to be presented according to the determined visual format and at a display location corresponding to the one or more completions for which the given content item was identified.

1. A method, comprising: determining, by one or more data processing apparatus and for a prefix that represents a portion of a search query, one or more completions that yield a completed search query when combined with the prefix; identifying one or more content items for the one or more completions; receiving, through a search engine input field presented at a user device, user input including the prefix; identifying, by one or more data processing apparatus and based on the user input, the one or more content items for the one or more completions; determining, based at least in part on display specifications of the user device, a visual format for a given content item from the one or more identified content items, wherein a first visual format presents a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) on a same line as other information in the given content item, and a second visual format presents the URL on a different line than the other information; and providing, by one or more data processing apparatus and prior to a completed search query being specified by the user input, the given content item with instructions that cause the given content item to be presented according to the determined visual format and at a display location corresponding to the one or more completions for which the given content item was identified. 4. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining one or more completions that yield a completed search query when combined with the prefix comprises determining a likelihood that a particular one of the one or more completions is being input based, at least in part, on the prefix.

6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising generating as the character set for a character of the canonicalized form of the word a character set comprising both diacritical and non-diacritical forms of the character.

6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising generating as the character set for a character of the canonicalized form of the word a character set comprising both diacritical and non-diacritical forms of the character. 7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the character of the canonicalized form of the word and an alternate character are both assigned to a predetermined input key, and further comprising: generating as the character set for the character of the canonicalized form of the word a character set further comprising both diacritical and non-diacritical forms of the alternate character.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein destination of each of the outbound objects is represented by a data structure comprising a method of executing an outbound operation and a target of the method of executing the outbound operation.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein destination of each of the outbound objects is represented by a data structure comprising a method of executing an outbound operation and a target of the method of executing the outbound operation. 10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the target of the method of executing an outbound operation comprises at least one of: a user, a web page address, and a back-end application.

6. A system having at least one processor storage, and a communication platform for evaluating query suggestion quality, the system comprising: a search serving engine configured to provide a plurality of query suggestions in a ranking to a user; a user activity detecting unit configured to detect a selection of one of the plurality of query suggestions, wherein the selection causes modification of the position of the selected query suggestion in the ranking; a suggestion position determining unit configured to determine a position of the selected one of the plurality of query suggestions in the ranking; and a scoring unit configured to calculate a quality measure of the plurality of query suggestions based, at least in part, on the selection and the position of the selected one of the plurality of query suggestions, wherein the plurality of query suggestions in the ranking are provided to a plurality of users; and wherein the quality measure of the plurality of query suggestions is determined based on a total number of query suggestions in the plurality of query suggestions whose positions are modified in response to the selection.

6. A system having at least one processor storage, and a communication platform for evaluating query suggestion quality, the system comprising: a search serving engine configured to provide a plurality of query suggestions in a ranking to a user; a user activity detecting unit configured to detect a selection of one of the plurality of query suggestions, wherein the selection causes modification of the position of the selected query suggestion in the ranking; a suggestion position determining unit configured to determine a position of the selected one of the plurality of query suggestions in the ranking; and a scoring unit configured to calculate a quality measure of the plurality of query suggestions based, at least in part, on the selection and the position of the selected one of the plurality of query suggestions, wherein the plurality of query suggestions in the ranking are provided to a plurality of users; and wherein the quality measure of the plurality of query suggestions is determined based on a total number of query suggestions in the plurality of query suggestions whose positions are modified in response to the selection. 8. The system of claim 6 , wherein the quality measure is determined based, at least in part, on bias information associated with the one of the plurality of query suggestions.

1. A method, comprising: receiving, by one or more computing devices, an image of a portion of a document that was captured by a first user using a camera, wherein the image includes text; identifying, by the one or more computing devices, an electronic document that includes the text; determining, by the one or more computing devices, that there are a plurality of versions related to the identified electronic document, wherein the plurality of versions of the electronic document include a first version that corresponds to the document and a second version that differs from the first version; and providing, by the one or more computing devices and in response to the determination, data that present document information informing the first user of the plurality of versions of the electronic document together with information identifying, to the first user, a second user that is currently reading a most recent version of the document.

1. A method, comprising: receiving, by one or more computing devices, an image of a portion of a document that was captured by a first user using a camera, wherein the image includes text; identifying, by the one or more computing devices, an electronic document that includes the text; determining, by the one or more computing devices, that there are a plurality of versions related to the identified electronic document, wherein the plurality of versions of the electronic document include a first version that corresponds to the document and a second version that differs from the first version; and providing, by the one or more computing devices and in response to the determination, data that present document information informing the first user of the plurality of versions of the electronic document together with information identifying, to the first user, a second user that is currently reading a most recent version of the document. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second version of the electronic document is derived from the first version of the electronic document.

19. In an information processing system, means for compressing textual information, comprising: means for storing a table relating text characters and associated contexts of a text with corresponding code characters, said table including, for each context of the language of said text, an associated relative alphabet containing said text characters occurring in association with said contexts of said language, and wherein each of said text characters of each of said relative alphabets is associated with a said corresponding code character, means for reading in succession each character and an associated context of a text, and means responsive to said reading means for selecting and reading from said table, for each said text character and associated context, a corresponding code character and providing said code characters to comprise said text in compressed form.

19. In an information processing system, means for compressing textual information, comprising: means for storing a table relating text characters and associated contexts of a text with corresponding code characters, said table including, for each context of the language of said text, an associated relative alphabet containing said text characters occurring in association with said contexts of said language, and wherein each of said text characters of each of said relative alphabets is associated with a said corresponding code character, means for reading in succession each character and an associated context of a text, and means responsive to said reading means for selecting and reading from said table, for each said text character and associated context, a corresponding code character and providing said code characters to comprise said text in compressed form. 21. The compressing means of claim 19, wherein each said context comprises: a group of text characters associated with said text character.

1. A method for use in accordance with a dialog system, the method comprising: generating at least one language model, the at least one language model being conditioned on a state of dialog associated with the dialog system; and storing the at least one language model for subsequent use in accordance with a speech recognizer associated with the dialog system; wherein generating the at least one language model conditioned on a state of dialog associated with the dialog system further comprises: dividing training data which is labeled by state into different state sets depending on the state to which the training data belongs; clustering the state sets into clustered state sets, the clustering comprising combining training data belonging to states that are close to each other based on a distance measure; building a separate language model for each of the clustered state sets to create a plurality of separate language models; and building at least one interpolated model by interpolating one or more of the plurality of separate language models with a base model obtained from training data that includes at least some training data used to train all of the plurality of separate language models.

1. A method for use in accordance with a dialog system, the method comprising: generating at least one language model, the at least one language model being conditioned on a state of dialog associated with the dialog system; and storing the at least one language model for subsequent use in accordance with a speech recognizer associated with the dialog system; wherein generating the at least one language model conditioned on a state of dialog associated with the dialog system further comprises: dividing training data which is labeled by state into different state sets depending on the state to which the training data belongs; clustering the state sets into clustered state sets, the clustering comprising combining training data belonging to states that are close to each other based on a distance measure; building a separate language model for each of the clustered state sets to create a plurality of separate language models; and building at least one interpolated model by interpolating one or more of the plurality of separate language models with a base model obtained from training data that includes at least some training data used to train all of the plurality of separate language models. 8. The method of claim 1 , wherein a decision to cluster two states is based on a distance measure computed between respective word distributions associated with the two states.

1. A computer-implemented method comprising: obtaining, by a computer system, information that identifies interactions among users of a social network; generating, by the computer system, a graph that is based at least in part on the obtained information and comprises i) nodes that represent the users of the social network and ii) edges that connect the nodes and that represent relationships between the users; assigning, to at least a portion of the nodes in the graph and for one or more labels, initial label values that indicate levels of interest of users associated with the portion of the nodes in content associated with the one or more labels; determining, for the nodes in the graph, label values for the one or more labels based on iterative propagation of the initial label values among the nodes using the edges of the graph, wherein iterative propagation comprises, for a particular node from the nodes in the graph, determining particular label values for the particular node at each of a plurality of iterations by combining, at each of the plurality of iterations, neighboring label values for neighboring nodes that are connected to the particular node by a portion of the edges of the graph; and identifying, by the computer system for a particular label from the one or more labels, one or more users to provide with particular content that is associated with the particular label, wherein the one or more users are identified based on the determined label values for the particular label.

1. A computer-implemented method comprising: obtaining, by a computer system, information that identifies interactions among users of a social network; generating, by the computer system, a graph that is based at least in part on the obtained information and comprises i) nodes that represent the users of the social network and ii) edges that connect the nodes and that represent relationships between the users; assigning, to at least a portion of the nodes in the graph and for one or more labels, initial label values that indicate levels of interest of users associated with the portion of the nodes in content associated with the one or more labels; determining, for the nodes in the graph, label values for the one or more labels based on iterative propagation of the initial label values among the nodes using the edges of the graph, wherein iterative propagation comprises, for a particular node from the nodes in the graph, determining particular label values for the particular node at each of a plurality of iterations by combining, at each of the plurality of iterations, neighboring label values for neighboring nodes that are connected to the particular node by a portion of the edges of the graph; and identifying, by the computer system for a particular label from the one or more labels, one or more users to provide with particular content that is associated with the particular label, wherein the one or more users are identified based on the determined label values for the particular label. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising: determining levels of interaction between the users of the social network based on the identified information; and assigning weights to at least a portion of the edges of the graph based on the determined levels of interaction, wherein the label values are determined using the weights that are assigned to the edges of the graph.

1. A method for determining an absolute confidence of match between content and a search query, comprising the steps of: determining a quality of recognition of a search query in accordance with a knowledge base by determining whether each element of the search query comprises is directly matched to an element of the knowledgebase or is indirectly resolved to one or more elements of the knowledgebase via one or more knowledge indices based upon one or more determined variations of each element of the search query, and decrementing the quality of recognition in accordance with each indirectly resolved element of the search query; wherein the step of determining the quality of recognition of the search query further comprises the steps of determining a quality of recognition of one or more entities in the search query in accordance with the knowledge base by identifying one or more search tokens associated with the search query; assigning all search query tokens an expected weight corresponding to complete recognition; determining for each search query token, a knowledge base entity corresponding thereto; decrementing the expected weight associated with a particular search token when it is determined that the particular search token is indirectly resolved, in accordance with one or more knowledge base components, to the corresponding knowledge base entity; combining the weights for all search query tokens that are associated with a single knowledge entity corresponding to the knowledge base; and determining a quality of associations between the one or more entities in the search query in accordance with the knowledge base; determining a quality of recognition of search content in accordance with a knowledge base by determining whether each element of the search content comprises is directly matched to an element of the knowledgebase or is indirectly resolved to one or more elements of the knowledgebase via one or more knowledge indices based upon one or more determined variations of each element of the search content, and decrementing the quality of recognition in accordance with each indirectly resolved element of the search content; determining a quality of match between one or more knowledge base representations of the search query and one or more knowledge base representations of the search content; and computing an absolute composite measure of the degree of match between search query and search content in accordance with the quality of recognition of the search query, quality of recognition of the search content, and the quality of match.

1. A method for determining an absolute confidence of match between content and a search query, comprising the steps of: determining a quality of recognition of a search query in accordance with a knowledge base by determining whether each element of the search query comprises is directly matched to an element of the knowledgebase or is indirectly resolved to one or more elements of the knowledgebase via one or more knowledge indices based upon one or more determined variations of each element of the search query, and decrementing the quality of recognition in accordance with each indirectly resolved element of the search query; wherein the step of determining the quality of recognition of the search query further comprises the steps of determining a quality of recognition of one or more entities in the search query in accordance with the knowledge base by identifying one or more search tokens associated with the search query; assigning all search query tokens an expected weight corresponding to complete recognition; determining for each search query token, a knowledge base entity corresponding thereto; decrementing the expected weight associated with a particular search token when it is determined that the particular search token is indirectly resolved, in accordance with one or more knowledge base components, to the corresponding knowledge base entity; combining the weights for all search query tokens that are associated with a single knowledge entity corresponding to the knowledge base; and determining a quality of associations between the one or more entities in the search query in accordance with the knowledge base; determining a quality of recognition of search content in accordance with a knowledge base by determining whether each element of the search content comprises is directly matched to an element of the knowledgebase or is indirectly resolved to one or more elements of the knowledgebase via one or more knowledge indices based upon one or more determined variations of each element of the search content, and decrementing the quality of recognition in accordance with each indirectly resolved element of the search content; determining a quality of match between one or more knowledge base representations of the search query and one or more knowledge base representations of the search content; and computing an absolute composite measure of the degree of match between search query and search content in accordance with the quality of recognition of the search query, quality of recognition of the search content, and the quality of match. 4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the expected weight corresponding to complete recognition is 1.

1. A method, with a decoder, for decompressing results of a join query, the method comprising: receiving, from a result set encoder, a result set from the join query; receiving a plurality of encoded tuples associated with the result set, wherein each encoded tuple of the plurality of encoded tuples is received with a set of dictionary entry information, the set of dictionary entry information comprising a value from a dictionary entry generated by the result set encoder and a location within a set of nested hierarchy of dictionaries to store the value and wherein each value at each position in said each encoded tuple of the plurality of encoded tuples identifying a location of an entry within the set of nested hierarchy of dictionaries; determining a join order of the result set from the join query; creating the set of nested hierarchy of dictionaries based on the join order and the set of dictionary entry information, wherein a nesting order of the dictionaries in the set of nested hierarchy of dictionaries corresponds to the join order of the result set, and wherein the creating comprising storing the value comprised within the set of dictionary entry information at the location within a dictionary of the set of corresponding nested hierarchy of dictionaries as identified by the dictionary entry information; using, by a processor, the set of nested hierarchy of dictionaries and values from the set of dictionary entry information stored within the set of nested hierarchy of dictionaries to decode the plurality of encoded tuples so as to produce a plurality of decoded tuples of the result set, wherein each position in said each encoded tuple of the plurality of encoded tuples is associated with a table identifier within the set of nested hierarchy of dictionaries, each identifier of the table identifiers being associated with a different table used to create the result set; and decompressing the result set of the join query with the decoder.

1. A method, with a decoder, for decompressing results of a join query, the method comprising: receiving, from a result set encoder, a result set from the join query; receiving a plurality of encoded tuples associated with the result set, wherein each encoded tuple of the plurality of encoded tuples is received with a set of dictionary entry information, the set of dictionary entry information comprising a value from a dictionary entry generated by the result set encoder and a location within a set of nested hierarchy of dictionaries to store the value and wherein each value at each position in said each encoded tuple of the plurality of encoded tuples identifying a location of an entry within the set of nested hierarchy of dictionaries; determining a join order of the result set from the join query; creating the set of nested hierarchy of dictionaries based on the join order and the set of dictionary entry information, wherein a nesting order of the dictionaries in the set of nested hierarchy of dictionaries corresponds to the join order of the result set, and wherein the creating comprising storing the value comprised within the set of dictionary entry information at the location within a dictionary of the set of corresponding nested hierarchy of dictionaries as identified by the dictionary entry information; using, by a processor, the set of nested hierarchy of dictionaries and values from the set of dictionary entry information stored within the set of nested hierarchy of dictionaries to decode the plurality of encoded tuples so as to produce a plurality of decoded tuples of the result set, wherein each position in said each encoded tuple of the plurality of encoded tuples is associated with a table identifier within the set of nested hierarchy of dictionaries, each identifier of the table identifiers being associated with a different table used to create the result set; and decompressing the result set of the join query with the decoder. 6. The method of claim 1 , wherein each position in each encoded tuple of the plurality of encoded tuples is associated with a column identifier within the set of nested hierarchy of dictionaries, each column identifier of the column identifiers being associated with a different column in the result set.

11. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions which, when executed, cause at least one processor to perform a method for generating knowledge graphs, the method comprising: detecting a target data object in a document on the Internet; detecting a second data object, based on the second data object being proximate to the target data object in the document; identifying a third data object associated with the second data object, based on a frequency of co-occurrence of the second data object and the third data object in one or more stored occurrence lists; determining a relationship associated with the target data object based on the identified third data object; generating in a knowledge graph stored in a database, a first entry including the target data object, and the relationship between the target data object and an additional data object in the document; receiving a query; identifying that the generated first entry from the knowledge graph is responsive to the query; generating a search result based on the first entry from the knowledge graph; and transmitting the search result for presentation in response to the query.

11. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions which, when executed, cause at least one processor to perform a method for generating knowledge graphs, the method comprising: detecting a target data object in a document on the Internet; detecting a second data object, based on the second data object being proximate to the target data object in the document; identifying a third data object associated with the second data object, based on a frequency of co-occurrence of the second data object and the third data object in one or more stored occurrence lists; determining a relationship associated with the target data object based on the identified third data object; generating in a knowledge graph stored in a database, a first entry including the target data object, and the relationship between the target data object and an additional data object in the document; receiving a query; identifying that the generated first entry from the knowledge graph is responsive to the query; generating a search result based on the first entry from the knowledge graph; and transmitting the search result for presentation in response to the query. 12. The method of claim 11 , wherein at least one of the first data object, the second data object, or the third data object is an n-gram.