prognosis/cardio-docs-qa · Datasets at Hugging Face

Urology vs. Nephrology28M, White, No drugs, Social drinker, no tobacco, 2 days kidney painIve had kidney pain for a couple of days. I went to urgent care this morning, but they unfortunately have no lab or imaging capability. They were able to dip my urine and detect blood. I have had no urinary symptoms. Theyre sending my urine for cultures (3 day turnaround) and also referring me to an outside facility for CT (unknown turnaround time).I am in need of a provider that is able to find the problem (and hopefully solution) sooner than later.My only question is, do I need to try and get an appointment with urology or nephrology?

Urology

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Urology vs. Nephrology28M, White, No drugs, Social drinker, no tobacco, 2 days kidney painIve had kidney pain for a couple of days. I went to urgent care this morning, but they unfortunately have no lab or imaging capability. They were able to dip my urine and detect blood. I have had no urinary symptoms. Theyre sending my urine for cultures (3 day turnaround) and also referring me to an outside facility for CT (unknown turnaround time).I am in need of a provider that is able to find the problem (and hopefully solution) sooner than later.My only question is, do I need to try and get an appointment with urology or nephrology?. ### Response: Urology.

Just got a worrying looking letter in the post following an ultrasound for varicocoele. Is there a urologist here that can help me translate this? (UK) Urology Cancer???Age 33Sex MHeight 6"1Weight 74kgHi All,Im based in UK. Just got this letter but I dunno what it means. Its from the Urologist to my GP that I've been CC'd on so it doesn't make a lot of sense to me. I could wait until I actually hear back from the Doctors but obviously I'm a bit worried now having read this so I hoped someone here could explain it to me. Here are the headlines:'His PSA is at 0.65''Ultrasound scrotum showed left scrotal varicocoele, bilateral mild hydrocoele and of note he had an ultrasound of the urinary tract which showed normal kidneys, a residual urine of 400ml and a soft tissue mobile non-shadowing focus within the bladder which is avascular on Doppler. This is unusual and I am going to review this in our MDT.''We will review him in our MDT urgently.'I have done an ETCI for a flexible cystoscopy'.Can someone please translate this for a layman? Many thanksI've just googled that the MDT is the 'Multi-Disciplinary Team (MDT) consists of a team with specialist training and experience of the diagnosis and management of Urology cancer'.

You may have a funky mass in your bladder and theyre going to stick a camera up your penis to get a better look at it.

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Just got a worrying looking letter in the post following an ultrasound for varicocoele. Is there a urologist here that can help me translate this? (UK) Urology Cancer???Age 33Sex MHeight 6"1Weight 74kgHi All,Im based in UK. Just got this letter but I dunno what it means. Its from the Urologist to my GP that I've been CC'd on so it doesn't make a lot of sense to me. I could wait until I actually hear back from the Doctors but obviously I'm a bit worried now having read this so I hoped someone here could explain it to me. Here are the headlines:'His PSA is at 0.65''Ultrasound scrotum showed left scrotal varicocoele, bilateral mild hydrocoele and of note he had an ultrasound of the urinary tract which showed normal kidneys, a residual urine of 400ml and a soft tissue mobile non-shadowing focus within the bladder which is avascular on Doppler. This is unusual and I am going to review this in our MDT.''We will review him in our MDT urgently.'I have done an ETCI for a flexible cystoscopy'.Can someone please translate this for a layman? Many thanksI've just googled that the MDT is the 'Multi-Disciplinary Team (MDT) consists of a team with specialist training and experience of the diagnosis and management of Urology cancer'.. ### Response: You may have a funky mass in your bladder and theyre going to stick a camera up your penis to get a better look at it..

Mobile means its moving around, which is a good sign in general (means its probably not growing from your bladder). The most likely culprit in these scenarios is a bladder stone. The fact that its nonshadowing makes it unusual because most bladder stones have calcifications that shadow. In any case one has to go in with a camera to take a look at it and do something with it.

By "mobile" I'm not sure whether they mean like rolling all around the bladder (which in this case sounds like it would be a blood clot, not a stone), or an actual soft tissue mass that is swinging in the breeze but attached to the wall by a stalk.MDTs are used for anything complicated or unusual, not just for cancer.

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Mobile means its moving around, which is a good sign in general (means its probably not growing from your bladder). The most likely culprit in these scenarios is a bladder stone. The fact that its nonshadowing makes it unusual because most bladder stones have calcifications that shadow. In any case one has to go in with a camera to take a look at it and do something with it.. ### Response: By "mobile" I'm not sure whether they mean like rolling all around the bladder (which in this case sounds like it would be a blood clot, not a stone), or an actual soft tissue mass that is swinging in the breeze but attached to the wall by a stalk.MDTs are used for anything complicated or unusual, not just for cancer..

Who published the 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease?

Arnett et al

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What is the name of the guideline published by the American College of Cardiology?

Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular DiseaseCirculation

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When was the last date of publication for the ACC and AHA guideline?

September 10, 2019

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What is a community guide systematic review of?

Team-based care and improved blood pressure control

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What is the name of the systematic review that focuses on pharmacist-physician medication-therapy management?

community guide

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What is a primary care-based, pharmacist-physician collaborative medication-therapy management of?

hyper -tension

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What is the name of the randomized controlled trial of team-based care?

S2.1-9

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When was the J Gen Intern Med published?

2011

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What is the name of the study that evaluated pharmacists' work in a physician-pharmacist collaborative model for the manage-ment of hypertension?

Pharmacotherapy

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What year did Pharmacotherapy issue 36:374–84?

2016

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What does SCRIP-HTN stand for?

pharmacists-hypertension

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What is the name of the study of cardiovascular risk intervention by pharmacists-hypertension?

SCRIP-HTN

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What is the cost-effectiveness of a physi-cian-pharmacist collaboration intervention to improve?

blood pres-sure control

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Hypertension. 2015;66:1145–51.

S2.1-12

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What model is used to improve chronic care in an academic primary care practice?

Teamlet Model

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What is the name of the Multidisciplinary Risk Assessment and Management Programme-Diabetes Mellitus?

RAMP-DM

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What is RAMP-DM?

Multidisciplinary Risk Assessment and Management Programme-Diabetes Mellitus

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What is the acronym for Management Programme-Diabetes Mellitus?

RAMP-DM

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What does RAMP-DM stand for?

Multidisciplinary Risk Assessment and Management Programme-Diabetes Mellitus

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How many people were enrolled in the 2018 Diabetes Care study?

41:49–59

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Informed shared decision-mak-ing on the prevention of myocardial infarction in type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial?

Buhse S

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What type of diabetes: a randomised controlled trial?

type 2 diabetes

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What is the name of the randomized controlled trial to improve patient-centered care in underserved pri-mary care patients?

Cooper LA, Roter DL, Carson KA, et al. A randomized trial

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the randomized controlled trial to improve patient-centered care in underserved pri-mary care patients?. ### Response: Cooper LA, Roter DL, Carson KA, et al. A randomized trial.

What does Office-GAP stand for?

Office-Guidelines Applied to Practice

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What is the name of the quasi-experimental design study used to implement shared deci-sion making?

Office-Guidelines Applied to Practice (Office-GAP) program

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What are beta-blockers used for in chronic heart failure and concomitant atrial fibrillation?

significant hepa tic or renal dysfunction

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What is the name of the study that was excluded from NICE 2018?

2005119

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What was the exclusion criteria for Placebo?

Exclusion criteria

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How many SENIORS were excluded from the inclusion criteria?

1061

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Where was the placebo excluded from?

the study

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What percentage of the previous 6 months had heart failure within the 6 weeks prior to randomization?

35%

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What percentage of the previous 6 months had heart failure within the 6 weeks prior to randomization?. ### Response: 35%.

What was a change in cardiovascular drug therapy in the 2 weeks before randomization in heart failure?

 a change in cardiovascular drug therapy in the 2 weeks prior to randomization  heart failure due primarily to uncorrected valvular heart disease

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was a change in cardiovascular drug therapy in the 2 weeks before randomization in heart failure?. ### Response:  a change in cardiovascular drug therapy in the 2 weeks prior to randomization  heart failure due primarily to uncorrected valvular heart disease.

Heart failure due primarily to uncorrected what?

valvular heart disease

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Heart failure due primarily to uncorrected what?. ### Response: valvular heart disease.

What is the primary cause of heart failure?

uncorrected valvular heart disease

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the primary cause of heart failure?. ### Response: uncorrected valvular heart disease.

What is a contraindication or previous intolerance to beta -blockers?

heart failure

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What is a major medical condition that may have reduced survival during the period of the stud y Packer?

heart failure

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How long have you been on a waiting list for percutaneous coronary intervention?

3 months

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How long did it take for a patient to develop heart failure?

three months

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How long did it take for a patient to develop heart failure?. ### Response: three months.

What was the ejection fraction of patients with heart failure for at least three months?

≤ 35%

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the ejection fraction of patients with heart failure for at least three months?. ### Response: ≤ 35%.

What is the ejection fraction 35%?

≤ 35%

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How many months of treatment with diuretics and an ACE are needed?

two

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A major cardiovascular event or a major surgical procedure must occur within three months of entry into the study?

cerebrovascular accidents

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: A major cardiovascular event or a major surgical procedure must occur within three months of entry into the study?. ### Response: cerebrovascular accidents.

What is not controlled by antiarrhythmic intervention or a pacemaker?

sustained ventricular tachycardia or advanced heart block

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is not controlled by antiarrhythmic intervention or a pacemaker?. ### Response: sustained ventricular tachycardia or advanced heart block.

What is systolic blood pressure of more than 160 or less than 85 mm Hg?



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What is the heart rate of a person with less than 68 beats per minute?



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What is a condition other than heart failure that could limit exercise?

clinically important hepatic or renal disease; or any condition other than heart failure that could limit exercise or survival

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a condition other than heart failure that could limit exercise?. ### Response: clinically important hepatic or renal disease; or any condition other than heart failure that could limit exercise or survival.

What type of heart failure could limit exercise or survival?

heart failure

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People receiving calcium -channel blockers, or - adrenergic agonists or class IC drugs?

α - or β

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What was the endpoint of cardiovascular death or HF hospitalization significantly, by 20%?

138

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The benefit was seen to a similar extent for both death and what other type of hospitalization?

HF

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What may lead to angioedema?

ACE inhibitors

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What is the benefit of ACE inhibitors for patients with prior or current symptoms of chronic HFrEF?

reduce morbidity and mortality

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the benefit of ACE inhibitors for patients with prior or current symptoms of chronic HFrEF?. ### Response: reduce morbidity and mortality.

What has been shown in large RCTs to reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with HFrEF with mild, moderate, or severe symptoms of HF, with or without coronary artery disease?

ACE inhibitors

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What has been shown in large RCTs to reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with HFrEF with mild, moderate, or severe symptoms of HF, with or without coronary artery disease?. ### Response: ACE inhibitors.

Data suggest that there are no differences among available ACE inhibitors in what?

their effects on symptoms or survival

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Data suggest that there are no differences among available ACE inhibitors in what?. ### Response: their effects on symptoms or survival.

What is one of the effects of ACE inhibitors on symptoms or survival?

clinical deterioration

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What should be started at low doses and titrated upward to doses shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in clinical trials?

ACE inhibitors

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should be started at low doses and titrated upward to doses shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in clinical trials?. ### Response: ACE inhibitors.

What should be given with caution to patients with low systemic blood pressures, renal insufficiency, or elevated serum potassium?

ACE inhibitors

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should be given with caution to patients with low systemic blood pressures, renal insufficiency, or elevated serum potassium?. ### Response: ACE inhibitors.

What occurs in 1% of patients who take an ACE inhibitor but more frequently in blacks and women?

Angioedema

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What should patients not be given if they are pregnant or plan to become pregnant?

ACE inhibitors

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should patients not be given if they are pregnant or plan to become pregnant?. ### Response: ACE inhibitors.

What inhibits kininase and increases levels of bradykinin?

ACE inhibitors

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What inhibits kininase and increases levels of bradykinin?. ### Response: ACE inhibitors.

Can ACE inhibitors induce cough in up to 20% of patients?

ACE inhibitors also inhibit kininase and increase levels of bradykinin

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Can ACE inhibitors induce cough in up to 20% of patients?. ### Response: ACE inhibitors also inhibit kininase and increase levels of bradykinin.

What should be tried if maximal doses are not tolerated?

intermediate doses

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What can abrupt withdrawal of ACE inhibition lead to?

clinical deterioration

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What has been found to be superior to HFrEF?

use of an ARNI

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What remains strongly advised for patients for whom ARNI is not appropriate?

continued use of an ACE inhibitor

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What is recommended in patients with prior or current symptoms of chronic HFrEF who are intolerant to ACE inhibitors because of cough or angioedema?

ARBs

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What has been shown to reduce mortality and HF hospitalizations?

ARBs

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How many hospitalizations are there in patients with HFr EF in large RCTs?

134–137

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What does long-term therapy with ARBs produce?

hemodynamic, neurohormonal, and clinical effects

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Unlike ACE inhibitors, what does not inhibit kininase?

ARBs

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What are ACE inhibitors associated with a much lower incidence of?

blacks and women

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are ACE inhibitors associated with a much lower incidence of?. ### Response: blacks and women.

What may produce beneficial vasodilatory effects?

kininase inhibition by ACE inhibitors

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Patients intolerant to what should be started on ARBs?

ACE inhibitors

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How is hypertension treated in patients with CAD 1403124?

Rosendorff

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What is the impact of high normal blood pressure on the risk of cardiovascular disease?

progression of coronary atherosclerosis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the impact of high normal blood pressure on the risk of cardiovascular disease?. ### Response: progression of coronary atherosclerosis.

When did N Engl J Med issue 345:1291-1297?

2001

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What year did the N Engl J Med issue 345:1291–1297?

2001

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Who is one of the Women's Health Initiative Investigators?

Hsia J, Margolis KL, Eaton CB, Wenger NK, Allison M, Wu L, LaCroix AZ, Black HR

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is one of the Women's Health Initiative Investigators?. ### Response: Hsia J, Margolis KL, Eaton CB, Wenger NK, Allison M, Wu L, LaCroix AZ, Black HR.

What is the name of the organization that investigates prehypertension and cardiovascular disease risk?

Women’s Health Initiative

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What is the impact of lower range of prehypertension on cardiovascular events in a general popula-tion?

Hisayama Study

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the impact of lower range of prehypertension on cardiovascular events in a general popula-tion?. ### Response: Hisayama Study.

What is Canty JM Jr.'s title?

127

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What is the effect of hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy on the lower range of coronary autoregulation?

128

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the effect of hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy on the lower range of coronary autoregulation?. ### Response: 128.

What is the effect of angiotensin inhibition and coronary autoregulation in a canine model of LV hypertrophy?

progression of coronary atherosclerosis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the effect of angiotensin inhibition and coronary autoregulation in a canine model of LV hypertrophy?. ### Response: progression of coronary atherosclerosis.

What is heterogeneity of myocardial blood flow called?

Heterogeneity

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is heterogeneity of myocardial blood flow called?. ### Response: Heterogeneity.

What is the definition of the concept of coronary flow reserve?

Strauer BE

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the definition of the concept of coronary flow reserve?. ### Response: Strauer BE.

What are the three types of blood pressure levels that affect the progression of heart disease?

normal, pre-hypertensive, and hyper -tensive

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the three types of blood pressure levels that affect the progression of heart disease?. ### Response: normal, pre-hypertensive, and hyper -tensive.

What is the effect of normal, pre-hypertensive, and hyper-tensed blood pressure levels on progression of coronary atherosclerosis?

Effects

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What was the J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48:833-838?

blood pressure levels on progression of coronary atherosclerosis

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was the J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48:833-838?. ### Response: blood pressure levels on progression of coronary atherosclerosis.

How did Stewart IM determine the relationship of reduction in pressure to first myocardial infarc-tion in patients receiving treatment for hypertension?

Relation

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How did Stewart IM determine the relationship of reduction in pressure to first myocardial infarc-tion in patients receiving treatment for hypertension?. ### Response: Relation.

What are the benefits and potential harms of lowering high blood pressure?

Benefits

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the benefits and potential harms of lowering high blood pressure?. ### Response: Benefits.

What is a predictor of car -diac risk in patients with hypertension?

pulse pressure

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a predictor of car -diac risk in patients with hypertension?. ### Response: pulse pressure.

What is the J-curve phenomenon and the treatment of hypertension?

is there a point beyond which pressure reduction is dangerous

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What is there a point beyond which pressure reduction is dangerous?

The J-curve phenomenon and the treatment of hypertension

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When was the JAMA 265:489–495.

1991

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What was corrected for the regression dilution bias?

prospective observational studies

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was corrected for the regression dilution bias?. ### Response: prospective observational studies.

Blood pressure, stroke and coronary heart disease, part 1: prolonged differences in blood pressure?

prospective observational studies corrected for the regression dilution bias

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Blood pressure, stroke and coronary heart disease, part 1: prolonged differences in blood pressure?. ### Response: prospective observational studies corrected for the regression dilution bias.

What is the name of the cardiologist who performed the coronary revascularization?

Rosendorff

Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the name of the cardiologist who performed the coronary revascularization?. ### Response: Rosendorff.